gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-22500 | 57096a98200fba1400367f94 | Himachal_Pradesh | Governments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. In 2003, the state legislative assembly was won by the Indian National Congress and Virbhadra Singh was elected as the chief minister of the state. In the assembly elections held in December 2007, the BJP secured a landslide victory. The BJP won 41 of the 68 seats while the Congress won only 23 of the 68 seats. BJP's Prem Kumar Dhumal was sworn in as Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh on 30 December 2007. | How many seats did the BJP win? | How many seats did the BJP win? | [
"How many seats did the BJP win?"
] | {
"text": [
"41 of the 68 seats"
],
"answer_start": [
396
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22501 | 57096a98200fba1400367f95 | Himachal_Pradesh | Governments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. In 2003, the state legislative assembly was won by the Indian National Congress and Virbhadra Singh was elected as the chief minister of the state. In the assembly elections held in December 2007, the BJP secured a landslide victory. The BJP won 41 of the 68 seats while the Congress won only 23 of the 68 seats. BJP's Prem Kumar Dhumal was sworn in as Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh on 30 December 2007. | Who is BJP's Chief MInister of Himachal Pradesh? | Who is BJP's Chief MInister of Himachal Pradesh? | [
"Who is BJP's Chief MInister of Himachal Pradesh?"
] | {
"text": [
"Prem Kumar Dhumal"
],
"answer_start": [
469
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22502 | 57096a98200fba1400367f96 | Himachal_Pradesh | Governments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. In 2003, the state legislative assembly was won by the Indian National Congress and Virbhadra Singh was elected as the chief minister of the state. In the assembly elections held in December 2007, the BJP secured a landslide victory. The BJP won 41 of the 68 seats while the Congress won only 23 of the 68 seats. BJP's Prem Kumar Dhumal was sworn in as Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh on 30 December 2007. | When was he sworn in? | When was he sworn in? | [
"When was he sworn in?"
] | {
"text": [
"30 December 2007"
],
"answer_start": [
541
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22503 | 57096a98200fba1400367f97 | Himachal_Pradesh | Governments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. In 2003, the state legislative assembly was won by the Indian National Congress and Virbhadra Singh was elected as the chief minister of the state. In the assembly elections held in December 2007, the BJP secured a landslide victory. The BJP won 41 of the 68 seats while the Congress won only 23 of the 68 seats. BJP's Prem Kumar Dhumal was sworn in as Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh on 30 December 2007. | When did the BJP secure a landslide victory? | When did the BJP secure a landslide victory? | [
"When did the BJP secure a landslide victory?"
] | {
"text": [
"December 2007"
],
"answer_start": [
332
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22504 | 5a361a4c788daf001a5f8714 | Himachal_Pradesh | Governments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. In 2003, the state legislative assembly was won by the Indian National Congress and Virbhadra Singh was elected as the chief minister of the state. In the assembly elections held in December 2007, the BJP secured a landslide victory. The BJP won 41 of the 68 seats while the Congress won only 23 of the 68 seats. BJP's Prem Kumar Dhumal was sworn in as Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh on 30 December 2007. | In 2003, what did the Bharatiya Party win? | In 2003, what did the Bharatiya Party win? | [
"In 2003, what did the Bharatiya Party win?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22505 | 5a361a4c788daf001a5f8715 | Himachal_Pradesh | Governments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. In 2003, the state legislative assembly was won by the Indian National Congress and Virbhadra Singh was elected as the chief minister of the state. In the assembly elections held in December 2007, the BJP secured a landslide victory. The BJP won 41 of the 68 seats while the Congress won only 23 of the 68 seats. BJP's Prem Kumar Dhumal was sworn in as Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh on 30 December 2007. | What was Prem Kumar Dhumal elected as in 2003? | What was Prem Kumar Dhumal elected as in 2003? | [
"What was Prem Kumar Dhumal elected as in 2003?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22506 | 5a361a4c788daf001a5f8716 | Himachal_Pradesh | Governments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. In 2003, the state legislative assembly was won by the Indian National Congress and Virbhadra Singh was elected as the chief minister of the state. In the assembly elections held in December 2007, the BJP secured a landslide victory. The BJP won 41 of the 68 seats while the Congress won only 23 of the 68 seats. BJP's Prem Kumar Dhumal was sworn in as Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh on 30 December 2007. | When were the Indian National Congress elections held? | When were the Indian National Congress elections held? | [
"When were the Indian National Congress elections held?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22507 | 5a361a4c788daf001a5f8717 | Himachal_Pradesh | Governments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. In 2003, the state legislative assembly was won by the Indian National Congress and Virbhadra Singh was elected as the chief minister of the state. In the assembly elections held in December 2007, the BJP secured a landslide victory. The BJP won 41 of the 68 seats while the Congress won only 23 of the 68 seats. BJP's Prem Kumar Dhumal was sworn in as Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh on 30 December 2007. | When did the Indian National Congress win by a landslide? | When did the Indian National Congress win by a landslide? | [
"When did the Indian National Congress win by a landslide?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22508 | 5a361a4c788daf001a5f8718 | Himachal_Pradesh | Governments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. In 2003, the state legislative assembly was won by the Indian National Congress and Virbhadra Singh was elected as the chief minister of the state. In the assembly elections held in December 2007, the BJP secured a landslide victory. The BJP won 41 of the 68 seats while the Congress won only 23 of the 68 seats. BJP's Prem Kumar Dhumal was sworn in as Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh on 30 December 2007. | When was Virbhadra Singh sworn in as Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh? | When was Virbhadra Singh sworn in as Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh? | [
"When was Virbhadra Singh sworn in as Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22509 | 57096b25200fba1400367f9d | Himachal_Pradesh | Though the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special efforts are being made to promote cultivation of crops like olives, figs, hops, mushrooms, flowers, pistachio nuts, sarda melon and saffron. Solan is the largest vegetable producing district in the state. The district of Sirmaur is also famous for growing flowers, and is the largest producer of flowers in the state. | What type of agriculture is in the state? | What type of agriculture is in the state? | [
"What type of agriculture is in the state?"
] | {
"text": [
"seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22510 | 57096b25200fba1400367f9e | Himachal_Pradesh | Though the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special efforts are being made to promote cultivation of crops like olives, figs, hops, mushrooms, flowers, pistachio nuts, sarda melon and saffron. Solan is the largest vegetable producing district in the state. The district of Sirmaur is also famous for growing flowers, and is the largest producer of flowers in the state. | Where is seed potato mostly grown? | Where is seed potato mostly grown? | [
"Where is seed potato mostly grown?"
] | {
"text": [
"Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas"
],
"answer_start": [
251
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22511 | 57096b25200fba1400367f9f | Himachal_Pradesh | Though the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special efforts are being made to promote cultivation of crops like olives, figs, hops, mushrooms, flowers, pistachio nuts, sarda melon and saffron. Solan is the largest vegetable producing district in the state. The district of Sirmaur is also famous for growing flowers, and is the largest producer of flowers in the state. | Who is the largest vegetable producing district in the state? | Who is the largest vegetable producing district in the state? | [
"Who is the largest vegetable producing district in the state?"
] | {
"text": [
"Solan"
],
"answer_start": [
432
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22512 | 57096b25200fba1400367fa0 | Himachal_Pradesh | Though the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special efforts are being made to promote cultivation of crops like olives, figs, hops, mushrooms, flowers, pistachio nuts, sarda melon and saffron. Solan is the largest vegetable producing district in the state. The district of Sirmaur is also famous for growing flowers, and is the largest producer of flowers in the state. | What is the district of Sirmaur famous for? | What is the district of Sirmaur famous for? | [
"What is the district of Sirmaur famous for?"
] | {
"text": [
"growing flowers, and is the largest producer of flowers in the state"
],
"answer_start": [
539
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22513 | 57096b25200fba1400367fa1 | Himachal_Pradesh | Though the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special efforts are being made to promote cultivation of crops like olives, figs, hops, mushrooms, flowers, pistachio nuts, sarda melon and saffron. Solan is the largest vegetable producing district in the state. The district of Sirmaur is also famous for growing flowers, and is the largest producer of flowers in the state. | What is the state deficient in? | What is the state deficient in? | [
"What is the state deficient in?"
] | {
"text": [
"food grains"
],
"answer_start": [
33
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22514 | 5a361e42788daf001a5f8728 | Himachal_Pradesh | Though the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special efforts are being made to promote cultivation of crops like olives, figs, hops, mushrooms, flowers, pistachio nuts, sarda melon and saffron. Solan is the largest vegetable producing district in the state. The district of Sirmaur is also famous for growing flowers, and is the largest producer of flowers in the state. | What is Shimla deficient in? | What is Shimla deficient in? | [
"What is Shimla deficient in?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22515 | 5a361e42788daf001a5f8729 | Himachal_Pradesh | Though the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special efforts are being made to promote cultivation of crops like olives, figs, hops, mushrooms, flowers, pistachio nuts, sarda melon and saffron. Solan is the largest vegetable producing district in the state. The district of Sirmaur is also famous for growing flowers, and is the largest producer of flowers in the state. | In what areas is ginger mostly grown? | In what areas is ginger mostly grown? | [
"In what areas is ginger mostly grown?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22516 | 5a361e42788daf001a5f872a | Himachal_Pradesh | Though the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special efforts are being made to promote cultivation of crops like olives, figs, hops, mushrooms, flowers, pistachio nuts, sarda melon and saffron. Solan is the largest vegetable producing district in the state. The district of Sirmaur is also famous for growing flowers, and is the largest producer of flowers in the state. | What is the largest fig producing district in the state? | What is the largest fig producing district in the state? | [
"What is the largest fig producing district in the state?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22517 | 5a361e42788daf001a5f872b | Himachal_Pradesh | Though the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special efforts are being made to promote cultivation of crops like olives, figs, hops, mushrooms, flowers, pistachio nuts, sarda melon and saffron. Solan is the largest vegetable producing district in the state. The district of Sirmaur is also famous for growing flowers, and is the largest producer of flowers in the state. | What is the Kullu district also famous for producing? | What is the Kullu district also famous for producing? | [
"What is the Kullu district also famous for producing?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22518 | 5a361e42788daf001a5f872c | Himachal_Pradesh | Though the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special efforts are being made to promote cultivation of crops like olives, figs, hops, mushrooms, flowers, pistachio nuts, sarda melon and saffron. Solan is the largest vegetable producing district in the state. The district of Sirmaur is also famous for growing flowers, and is the largest producer of flowers in the state. | What is Solan making a special effort to produce? | What is Solan making a special effort to produce? | [
"What is Solan making a special effort to produce?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22519 | 57096ba1ed30961900e840de | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states. Some of the most commonly spoken languages includes Hindi, Pahari, Dogri, Mandeali Kangri, Mandyali, Gojri and Kinnauri. The caste communities residing in Himachal include the Khatri, Brahmins of the Hindu Faith and the Sikh Brahmin Caste Bhatra, Rajputs, Gujjars, Gaddis, Ghirth (choudhary), Kannets, Rathis and Kolis, Sood There are tribal populations in the state which mainly comprise Kinnars, Pangawals, Sulehria, and Lahaulis.The people Of Himachal Pradesh are very simple and live a traditional ´Pahari' lifestyle. | Who was largely untouched by external customs? | Who was largely untouched by external customs? | [
"Who was largely untouched by external customs?"
] | {
"text": [
"Himachal"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22520 | 57096ba1ed30961900e840df | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states. Some of the most commonly spoken languages includes Hindi, Pahari, Dogri, Mandeali Kangri, Mandyali, Gojri and Kinnauri. The caste communities residing in Himachal include the Khatri, Brahmins of the Hindu Faith and the Sikh Brahmin Caste Bhatra, Rajputs, Gujjars, Gaddis, Ghirth (choudhary), Kannets, Rathis and Kolis, Sood There are tribal populations in the state which mainly comprise Kinnars, Pangawals, Sulehria, and Lahaulis.The people Of Himachal Pradesh are very simple and live a traditional ´Pahari' lifestyle. | What has made the state change very rapidly? | What has made the state change very rapidly? | [
"What has made the state change very rapidly?"
] | {
"text": [
"technological advancements"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22521 | 57096ba1ed30961900e840e0 | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states. Some of the most commonly spoken languages includes Hindi, Pahari, Dogri, Mandeali Kangri, Mandyali, Gojri and Kinnauri. The caste communities residing in Himachal include the Khatri, Brahmins of the Hindu Faith and the Sikh Brahmin Caste Bhatra, Rajputs, Gujjars, Gaddis, Ghirth (choudhary), Kannets, Rathis and Kolis, Sood There are tribal populations in the state which mainly comprise Kinnars, Pangawals, Sulehria, and Lahaulis.The people Of Himachal Pradesh are very simple and live a traditional ´Pahari' lifestyle. | Himachal is? | Himachal is? | [
"Himachal is?"
] | {
"text": [
"multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states"
],
"answer_start": [
210
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22522 | 57096ba1ed30961900e840e1 | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states. Some of the most commonly spoken languages includes Hindi, Pahari, Dogri, Mandeali Kangri, Mandyali, Gojri and Kinnauri. The caste communities residing in Himachal include the Khatri, Brahmins of the Hindu Faith and the Sikh Brahmin Caste Bhatra, Rajputs, Gujjars, Gaddis, Ghirth (choudhary), Kannets, Rathis and Kolis, Sood There are tribal populations in the state which mainly comprise Kinnars, Pangawals, Sulehria, and Lahaulis.The people Of Himachal Pradesh are very simple and live a traditional ´Pahari' lifestyle. | What are the common languages spoken? | What are the common languages spoken? | [
"What are the common languages spoken?"
] | {
"text": [
"Hindi, Pahari, Dogri, Mandeali Kangri, Mandyali, Gojri and Kinnauri"
],
"answer_start": [
349
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22523 | 57096ba1ed30961900e840e2 | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states. Some of the most commonly spoken languages includes Hindi, Pahari, Dogri, Mandeali Kangri, Mandyali, Gojri and Kinnauri. The caste communities residing in Himachal include the Khatri, Brahmins of the Hindu Faith and the Sikh Brahmin Caste Bhatra, Rajputs, Gujjars, Gaddis, Ghirth (choudhary), Kannets, Rathis and Kolis, Sood There are tribal populations in the state which mainly comprise Kinnars, Pangawals, Sulehria, and Lahaulis.The people Of Himachal Pradesh are very simple and live a traditional ´Pahari' lifestyle. | Who makes up the tribal populations? | Who makes up the tribal populations? | [
"Who makes up the tribal populations?"
] | {
"text": [
"Kinnars, Pangawals, Sulehria, and Lahaulis"
],
"answer_start": [
686
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22524 | 5a3631dc788daf001a5f876e | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states. Some of the most commonly spoken languages includes Hindi, Pahari, Dogri, Mandeali Kangri, Mandyali, Gojri and Kinnauri. The caste communities residing in Himachal include the Khatri, Brahmins of the Hindu Faith and the Sikh Brahmin Caste Bhatra, Rajputs, Gujjars, Gaddis, Ghirth (choudhary), Kannets, Rathis and Kolis, Sood There are tribal populations in the state which mainly comprise Kinnars, Pangawals, Sulehria, and Lahaulis.The people Of Himachal Pradesh are very simple and live a traditional ´Pahari' lifestyle. | Why was Dogri untouched by external customs? | Why was Dogri untouched by external customs? | [
"Why was Dogri untouched by external customs?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22525 | 5a3631dc788daf001a5f876f | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states. Some of the most commonly spoken languages includes Hindi, Pahari, Dogri, Mandeali Kangri, Mandyali, Gojri and Kinnauri. The caste communities residing in Himachal include the Khatri, Brahmins of the Hindu Faith and the Sikh Brahmin Caste Bhatra, Rajputs, Gujjars, Gaddis, Ghirth (choudhary), Kannets, Rathis and Kolis, Sood There are tribal populations in the state which mainly comprise Kinnars, Pangawals, Sulehria, and Lahaulis.The people Of Himachal Pradesh are very simple and live a traditional ´Pahari' lifestyle. | What has caused rapid changes in Gojri? | What has caused rapid changes in Gojri? | [
"What has caused rapid changes in Gojri?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22526 | 5a3631dc788daf001a5f8770 | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states. Some of the most commonly spoken languages includes Hindi, Pahari, Dogri, Mandeali Kangri, Mandyali, Gojri and Kinnauri. The caste communities residing in Himachal include the Khatri, Brahmins of the Hindu Faith and the Sikh Brahmin Caste Bhatra, Rajputs, Gujjars, Gaddis, Ghirth (choudhary), Kannets, Rathis and Kolis, Sood There are tribal populations in the state which mainly comprise Kinnars, Pangawals, Sulehria, and Lahaulis.The people Of Himachal Pradesh are very simple and live a traditional ´Pahari' lifestyle. | What aspects does Mandeali have like other Indian states? | What aspects does Mandeali have like other Indian states? | [
"What aspects does Mandeali have like other Indian states?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22527 | 5a3631dc788daf001a5f8771 | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states. Some of the most commonly spoken languages includes Hindi, Pahari, Dogri, Mandeali Kangri, Mandyali, Gojri and Kinnauri. The caste communities residing in Himachal include the Khatri, Brahmins of the Hindu Faith and the Sikh Brahmin Caste Bhatra, Rajputs, Gujjars, Gaddis, Ghirth (choudhary), Kannets, Rathis and Kolis, Sood There are tribal populations in the state which mainly comprise Kinnars, Pangawals, Sulehria, and Lahaulis.The people Of Himachal Pradesh are very simple and live a traditional ´Pahari' lifestyle. | What are some languages spoken in Gaddis? | What are some languages spoken in Gaddis? | [
"What are some languages spoken in Gaddis?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22528 | 5a3631dc788daf001a5f8772 | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states. Some of the most commonly spoken languages includes Hindi, Pahari, Dogri, Mandeali Kangri, Mandyali, Gojri and Kinnauri. The caste communities residing in Himachal include the Khatri, Brahmins of the Hindu Faith and the Sikh Brahmin Caste Bhatra, Rajputs, Gujjars, Gaddis, Ghirth (choudhary), Kannets, Rathis and Kolis, Sood There are tribal populations in the state which mainly comprise Kinnars, Pangawals, Sulehria, and Lahaulis.The people Of Himachal Pradesh are very simple and live a traditional ´Pahari' lifestyle. | What groups comprise the tribal populations in Dogri? | What groups comprise the tribal populations in Dogri? | [
"What groups comprise the tribal populations in Dogri?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22529 | 57096cd5200fba1400367fc5 | Himachal_Pradesh | The Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab), Palampur, the National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una the Central University Dharamshala, AP Goyal (Alakh Prakash Goyal) Shimla University, The Bahra University (Waknaghat, Solan) the Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technologies Baddi, IEC University, Shoolini University Of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Manav Bharti University Solan, the Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Eternal University, Sirmaur & Chitkara University Solan are some of the pioneer universities in the state. CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalya Palampur is one of the most renowned hill agriculture institutes in world. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has earned a unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines. Further, state-run Jawaharlal Nehru Government Engineering College started in 2006 at Sundernagar. | When was the state run Nehru Government Engineering College started? | When was the state run Nehru Government Engineering College started? | [
"When was the state run Nehru Government Engineering College started?"
] | {
"text": [
"2006 at Sundernagar"
],
"answer_start": [
1132
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22530 | 57096cd5200fba1400367fc6 | Himachal_Pradesh | The Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab), Palampur, the National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una the Central University Dharamshala, AP Goyal (Alakh Prakash Goyal) Shimla University, The Bahra University (Waknaghat, Solan) the Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technologies Baddi, IEC University, Shoolini University Of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Manav Bharti University Solan, the Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Eternal University, Sirmaur & Chitkara University Solan are some of the pioneer universities in the state. CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalya Palampur is one of the most renowned hill agriculture institutes in world. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has earned a unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines. Further, state-run Jawaharlal Nehru Government Engineering College started in 2006 at Sundernagar. | What are a few pioneer universities in the state? | What are a few pioneer universities in the state? | [
"What are a few pioneer universities in the state?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab)"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22531 | 57096cd5200fba1400367fc7 | Himachal_Pradesh | The Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab), Palampur, the National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una the Central University Dharamshala, AP Goyal (Alakh Prakash Goyal) Shimla University, The Bahra University (Waknaghat, Solan) the Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technologies Baddi, IEC University, Shoolini University Of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Manav Bharti University Solan, the Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Eternal University, Sirmaur & Chitkara University Solan are some of the pioneer universities in the state. CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalya Palampur is one of the most renowned hill agriculture institutes in world. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has earned a unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines. Further, state-run Jawaharlal Nehru Government Engineering College started in 2006 at Sundernagar. | What is the most renowned argricultural institues? | What is the most renowned argricultural institues? | [
"What is the most renowned argricultural institues?"
] | {
"text": [
"CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalya Palampur"
],
"answer_start": [
722
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22532 | 57096cd5200fba1400367fc8 | Himachal_Pradesh | The Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab), Palampur, the National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una the Central University Dharamshala, AP Goyal (Alakh Prakash Goyal) Shimla University, The Bahra University (Waknaghat, Solan) the Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technologies Baddi, IEC University, Shoolini University Of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Manav Bharti University Solan, the Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Eternal University, Sirmaur & Chitkara University Solan are some of the pioneer universities in the state. CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalya Palampur is one of the most renowned hill agriculture institutes in world. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has earned a unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines. Further, state-run Jawaharlal Nehru Government Engineering College started in 2006 at Sundernagar. | What is Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University earned? | What is Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University earned? | [
"What is Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University earned?"
] | {
"text": [
"unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines"
],
"answer_start": [
919
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22533 | 5a363446788daf001a5f8782 | Himachal_Pradesh | The Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab), Palampur, the National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una the Central University Dharamshala, AP Goyal (Alakh Prakash Goyal) Shimla University, The Bahra University (Waknaghat, Solan) the Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technologies Baddi, IEC University, Shoolini University Of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Manav Bharti University Solan, the Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Eternal University, Sirmaur & Chitkara University Solan are some of the pioneer universities in the state. CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalya Palampur is one of the most renowned hill agriculture institutes in world. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has earned a unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines. Further, state-run Jawaharlal Nehru Government Engineering College started in 2006 at Sundernagar. | What is the Indian Institute of Technology Mandi known for in the world? | What is the Indian Institute of Technology Mandi known for in the world? | [
"What is the Indian Institute of Technology Mandi known for in the world?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22534 | 5a363446788daf001a5f8783 | Himachal_Pradesh | The Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab), Palampur, the National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una the Central University Dharamshala, AP Goyal (Alakh Prakash Goyal) Shimla University, The Bahra University (Waknaghat, Solan) the Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technologies Baddi, IEC University, Shoolini University Of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Manav Bharti University Solan, the Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Eternal University, Sirmaur & Chitkara University Solan are some of the pioneer universities in the state. CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalya Palampur is one of the most renowned hill agriculture institutes in world. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has earned a unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines. Further, state-run Jawaharlal Nehru Government Engineering College started in 2006 at Sundernagar. | What recognition has IEC University earned? | What recognition has IEC University earned? | [
"What recognition has IEC University earned?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22535 | 5a363446788daf001a5f8784 | Himachal_Pradesh | The Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab), Palampur, the National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una the Central University Dharamshala, AP Goyal (Alakh Prakash Goyal) Shimla University, The Bahra University (Waknaghat, Solan) the Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technologies Baddi, IEC University, Shoolini University Of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Manav Bharti University Solan, the Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Eternal University, Sirmaur & Chitkara University Solan are some of the pioneer universities in the state. CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalya Palampur is one of the most renowned hill agriculture institutes in world. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has earned a unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines. Further, state-run Jawaharlal Nehru Government Engineering College started in 2006 at Sundernagar. | Why has IEC University earned distinction? | Why has IEC University earned distinction? | [
"Why has IEC University earned distinction?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22536 | 5a363446788daf001a5f8785 | Himachal_Pradesh | The Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab), Palampur, the National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una the Central University Dharamshala, AP Goyal (Alakh Prakash Goyal) Shimla University, The Bahra University (Waknaghat, Solan) the Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technologies Baddi, IEC University, Shoolini University Of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Manav Bharti University Solan, the Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Eternal University, Sirmaur & Chitkara University Solan are some of the pioneer universities in the state. CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalya Palampur is one of the most renowned hill agriculture institutes in world. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has earned a unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines. Further, state-run Jawaharlal Nehru Government Engineering College started in 2006 at Sundernagar. | When did IEC University start in Sundernagar? | When did IEC University start in Sundernagar? | [
"When did IEC University start in Sundernagar?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22537 | 5a363446788daf001a5f8786 | Himachal_Pradesh | The Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab), Palampur, the National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una the Central University Dharamshala, AP Goyal (Alakh Prakash Goyal) Shimla University, The Bahra University (Waknaghat, Solan) the Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technologies Baddi, IEC University, Shoolini University Of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Manav Bharti University Solan, the Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Eternal University, Sirmaur & Chitkara University Solan are some of the pioneer universities in the state. CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalya Palampur is one of the most renowned hill agriculture institutes in world. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has earned a unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines. Further, state-run Jawaharlal Nehru Government Engineering College started in 2006 at Sundernagar. | What is one of the most renowned IT institutes? | What is one of the most renowned IT institutes? | [
"What is one of the most renowned IT institutes?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22538 | 57096d7eed30961900e840f8 | Himachal_Pradesh | Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also available in few cities like Shimla. BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel are available cellular phone operators. Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by other private companies. Dial-up access is provided throughout the state by BSNL and other providers. | What is Doordarshan? | What is Doordarshan? | [
"What is Doordarshan?"
] | {
"text": [
"state-owned television broadcaster"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22539 | 57096d7eed30961900e840f9 | Himachal_Pradesh | Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also available in few cities like Shimla. BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel are available cellular phone operators. Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by other private companies. Dial-up access is provided throughout the state by BSNL and other providers. | What is provided by BSNL and others throughout the state? | What is provided by BSNL and others throughout the state? | [
"What is provided by BSNL and others throughout the state?"
] | {
"text": [
"Dial-up access"
],
"answer_start": [
591
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22540 | 57096d7eed30961900e840fa | Himachal_Pradesh | Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also available in few cities like Shimla. BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel are available cellular phone operators. Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by other private companies. Dial-up access is provided throughout the state by BSNL and other providers. | What is available in few cities? | What is available in few cities? | [
"What is available in few cities?"
] | {
"text": [
"Private FM stations"
],
"answer_start": [
261
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22541 | 57096d7eed30961900e840fb | Himachal_Pradesh | Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also available in few cities like Shimla. BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel are available cellular phone operators. Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by other private companies. Dial-up access is provided throughout the state by BSNL and other providers. | Who are the cellular phone operators available? | Who are the cellular phone operators available? | [
"Who are the cellular phone operators available?"
] | {
"text": [
"BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel"
],
"answer_start": [
327
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22542 | 57096d7eed30961900e840fc | Himachal_Pradesh | Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also available in few cities like Shimla. BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel are available cellular phone operators. Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by other private companies. Dial-up access is provided throughout the state by BSNL and other providers. | What is All India Radio? | What is All India Radio? | [
"What is All India Radio?"
] | {
"text": [
"public radio station"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22543 | 5a363a5c788daf001a5f8796 | Himachal_Pradesh | Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also available in few cities like Shimla. BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel are available cellular phone operators. Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by other private companies. Dial-up access is provided throughout the state by BSNL and other providers. | What is the name of the state-owned radio station? | What is the name of the state-owned radio station? | [
"What is the name of the state-owned radio station?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22544 | 5a363a5c788daf001a5f8797 | Himachal_Pradesh | Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also available in few cities like Shimla. BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel are available cellular phone operators. Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by other private companies. Dial-up access is provided throughout the state by BSNL and other providers. | What language does BSNL provide programs in? | What language does BSNL provide programs in? | [
"What language does BSNL provide programs in?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22545 | 5a363a5c788daf001a5f8798 | Himachal_Pradesh | Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also available in few cities like Shimla. BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel are available cellular phone operators. Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by other private companies. Dial-up access is provided throughout the state by BSNL and other providers. | What are some of the available dial-up providers? | What are some of the available dial-up providers? | [
"What are some of the available dial-up providers?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22546 | 5a363a5c788daf001a5f8799 | Himachal_Pradesh | Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also available in few cities like Shimla. BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel are available cellular phone operators. Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by other private companies. Dial-up access is provided throughout the state by BSNL and other providers. | What is available in a few cities like Nepal? | What is available in a few cities like Nepal? | [
"What is available in a few cities like Nepal?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22547 | 5a363a5c788daf001a5f879a | Himachal_Pradesh | Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also available in few cities like Shimla. BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel are available cellular phone operators. Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by other private companies. Dial-up access is provided throughout the state by BSNL and other providers. | What do Reliance Infocomm and Tata Indicom provide only to certain cities and towns? | What do Reliance Infocomm and Tata Indicom provide only to certain cities and towns? | [
"What do Reliance Infocomm and Tata Indicom provide only to certain cities and towns?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22548 | 57096e1c200fba1400367fd3 | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband. Shimla district has maximum urban population of 25%. According to a 2005 Transparency International survey, Himachal Pradesh is ranked the second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala. The hill stations of the state are among the most visited places in the country. The government has successfully imposed environmental protection and tourism development, meeting European standards, and it is the only state which forbids the use of polyethylene and tobacco products.[citation needed] | Where do 90% of the population live in Himachal Pradesh? | Where do 90% of the population live in Himachal Pradesh? | [
"Where do 90% of the population live in Himachal Pradesh?"
] | {
"text": [
"villages and towns"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22549 | 57096e1c200fba1400367fd4 | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband. Shimla district has maximum urban population of 25%. According to a 2005 Transparency International survey, Himachal Pradesh is ranked the second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala. The hill stations of the state are among the most visited places in the country. The government has successfully imposed environmental protection and tourism development, meeting European standards, and it is the only state which forbids the use of polyethylene and tobacco products.[citation needed] | No single house is without? | No single house is without? | [
"No single house is without?"
] | {
"text": [
"a toilet"
],
"answer_start": [
186
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22550 | 57096e1c200fba1400367fd5 | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband. Shimla district has maximum urban population of 25%. According to a 2005 Transparency International survey, Himachal Pradesh is ranked the second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala. The hill stations of the state are among the most visited places in the country. The government has successfully imposed environmental protection and tourism development, meeting European standards, and it is the only state which forbids the use of polyethylene and tobacco products.[citation needed] | What are the villages well connected to? | What are the villages well connected to? | [
"What are the villages well connected to?"
] | {
"text": [
"roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband"
],
"answer_start": [
231
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22551 | 57096e1c200fba1400367fd6 | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband. Shimla district has maximum urban population of 25%. According to a 2005 Transparency International survey, Himachal Pradesh is ranked the second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala. The hill stations of the state are among the most visited places in the country. The government has successfully imposed environmental protection and tourism development, meeting European standards, and it is the only state which forbids the use of polyethylene and tobacco products.[citation needed] | What is Himachal Pradesh rank according to the 2005 Transparency international survey? | What is Himachal Pradesh rank according to the 2005 Transparency international survey? | [
"What is Himachal Pradesh rank according to the 2005 Transparency international survey?"
] | {
"text": [
"second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala"
],
"answer_start": [
457
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22552 | 57096e1c200fba1400367fd7 | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband. Shimla district has maximum urban population of 25%. According to a 2005 Transparency International survey, Himachal Pradesh is ranked the second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala. The hill stations of the state are among the most visited places in the country. The government has successfully imposed environmental protection and tourism development, meeting European standards, and it is the only state which forbids the use of polyethylene and tobacco products.[citation needed] | What are the most visited places in the country? | What are the most visited places in the country? | [
"What are the most visited places in the country?"
] | {
"text": [
"The hill stations"
],
"answer_start": [
513
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22553 | 5a360c2e788daf001a5f86ce | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband. Shimla district has maximum urban population of 25%. According to a 2005 Transparency International survey, Himachal Pradesh is ranked the second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala. The hill stations of the state are among the most visited places in the country. The government has successfully imposed environmental protection and tourism development, meeting European standards, and it is the only state which forbids the use of polyethylene and tobacco products.[citation needed] | How is Lokmitra kendra ranked after the government regarding corruption? | How is Lokmitra kendra ranked after the government regarding corruption? | [
"How is Lokmitra kendra ranked after the government regarding corruption?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22554 | 5a360c2e788daf001a5f86cf | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband. Shimla district has maximum urban population of 25%. According to a 2005 Transparency International survey, Himachal Pradesh is ranked the second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala. The hill stations of the state are among the most visited places in the country. The government has successfully imposed environmental protection and tourism development, meeting European standards, and it is the only state which forbids the use of polyethylene and tobacco products.[citation needed] | What are the most visited places in Shimla? | What are the most visited places in Shimla? | [
"What are the most visited places in Shimla?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22555 | 5a360c2e788daf001a5f86d0 | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband. Shimla district has maximum urban population of 25%. According to a 2005 Transparency International survey, Himachal Pradesh is ranked the second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala. The hill stations of the state are among the most visited places in the country. The government has successfully imposed environmental protection and tourism development, meeting European standards, and it is the only state which forbids the use of polyethylene and tobacco products.[citation needed] | What has the government done to meet maximum urban population standards? | What has the government done to meet maximum urban population standards? | [
"What has the government done to meet maximum urban population standards?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22556 | 5a360c2e788daf001a5f86d1 | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband. Shimla district has maximum urban population of 25%. According to a 2005 Transparency International survey, Himachal Pradesh is ranked the second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala. The hill stations of the state are among the most visited places in the country. The government has successfully imposed environmental protection and tourism development, meeting European standards, and it is the only state which forbids the use of polyethylene and tobacco products.[citation needed] | What products does Shimla forbid the use of? | What products does Shimla forbid the use of? | [
"What products does Shimla forbid the use of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22557 | 5a360c2e788daf001a5f86d2 | Himachal_Pradesh | Himachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband. Shimla district has maximum urban population of 25%. According to a 2005 Transparency International survey, Himachal Pradesh is ranked the second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala. The hill stations of the state are among the most visited places in the country. The government has successfully imposed environmental protection and tourism development, meeting European standards, and it is the only state which forbids the use of polyethylene and tobacco products.[citation needed] | What is no health center without in Himachal Pradesh? | What is no health center without in Himachal Pradesh? | [
"What is no health center without in Himachal Pradesh?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22558 | 5727b9623acd2414000dea9f | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. In team sports, matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. | What is 'a friendly' another term for? | What is 'a friendly' another term for? | [
"What is 'a friendly' another term for?"
] | {
"text": [
"exhibition game"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22559 | 5727b9623acd2414000deaa0 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. In team sports, matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. | What is 'a scrimmage' another term for? | What is 'a scrimmage' another term for? | [
"What is 'a scrimmage' another term for?"
] | {
"text": [
"exhibition game"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22560 | 5727b9623acd2414000deaa1 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. In team sports, matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. | What is 'a demonstration' another term for? | What is 'a demonstration' another term for? | [
"What is 'a demonstration' another term for?"
] | {
"text": [
"exhibition game"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22561 | 5727b9623acd2414000deaa2 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. In team sports, matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. | What is 'a preseason game' another term for? | What is 'a preseason game' another term for? | [
"What is 'a preseason game' another term for?"
] | {
"text": [
"exhibition game"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22562 | 5727b9623acd2414000deaa3 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. In team sports, matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. | What is 'a warmup match' another term for? | What is 'a warmup match' another term for? | [
"What is 'a warmup match' another term for?"
] | {
"text": [
"exhibition game"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22563 | 5a122c736614be00188f2487 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. In team sports, matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. | What is another name for a postseason game? | What is another name for a postseason game? | [
"What is another name for a postseason game?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22564 | 5a122c736614be00188f2488 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. In team sports, matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. | What type of game that the players rank or standing depend on? | What type of game that the players rank or standing depend on? | [
"What type of game that the players rank or standing depend on?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22565 | 5a122c736614be00188f2489 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. In team sports, matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. | Who does this type of game help players choose? | Who does this type of game help players choose? | [
"Who does this type of game help players choose?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22566 | 5a122c736614be00188f248a | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. In team sports, matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. | What type of game is always between parts of the same team? | What type of game is always between parts of the same team? | [
"What type of game is always between parts of the same team?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22567 | 5a122c736614be00188f248b | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. In team sports, matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. | What do these types of games help coaches do an individual sports? | What do these types of games help coaches do an individual sports? | [
"What do these types of games help coaches do an individual sports?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22568 | 5727ba9f2ca10214002d94e2 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities. Several sports leagues hold all-star games to showcase their best players against each other, while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries to unofficially determine who would be the best in the world. International competitions like the Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport. | What type of exhibition game showcases the best players? | What type of exhibition game showcases the best players? | [
"What type of exhibition game showcases the best players?"
] | {
"text": [
"all-star games"
],
"answer_start": [
181
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22569 | 5727ba9f2ca10214002d94e3 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities. Several sports leagues hold all-star games to showcase their best players against each other, while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries to unofficially determine who would be the best in the world. International competitions like the Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport. | What are exhibition games in the Olympics? | What are exhibition games in the Olympics? | [
"What are exhibition games in the Olympics?"
] | {
"text": [
"a demonstration sport"
],
"answer_start": [
492
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22570 | 5727ba9f2ca10214002d94e4 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities. Several sports leagues hold all-star games to showcase their best players against each other, while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries to unofficially determine who would be the best in the world. International competitions like the Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport. | What can an exhibition game raise money for? | What can an exhibition game raise money for? | [
"What can an exhibition game raise money for?"
] | {
"text": [
"charities"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22571 | 5727ba9f2ca10214002d94e5 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities. Several sports leagues hold all-star games to showcase their best players against each other, while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries to unofficially determine who would be the best in the world. International competitions like the Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport. | What can an exhibition game settle? | What can an exhibition game settle? | [
"What can an exhibition game settle?"
] | {
"text": [
"a challenge"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22572 | 5a122d7e6614be00188f2491 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities. Several sports leagues hold all-star games to showcase their best players against each other, while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries to unofficially determine who would be the best in the world. International competitions like the Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport. | What type of exhibition game showcases average players? | What type of exhibition game showcases average players? | [
"What type of exhibition game showcases average players?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22573 | 5a122d7e6614be00188f2492 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities. Several sports leagues hold all-star games to showcase their best players against each other, while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries to unofficially determine who would be the best in the world. International competitions like the Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport. | What type of game do national competitions to demonstrate a sport? | What type of game do national competitions to demonstrate a sport? | [
"What type of game do national competitions to demonstrate a sport?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22574 | 5a122d7e6614be00188f2493 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities. Several sports leagues hold all-star games to showcase their best players against each other, while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries to unofficially determine who would be the best in the world. International competitions like the Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport. | How is the official determination of who is the best in the world made? | How is the official determination of who is the best in the world made? | [
"How is the official determination of who is the best in the world made?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22575 | 5a122d7e6614be00188f2494 | Exhibition_game | An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities. Several sports leagues hold all-star games to showcase their best players against each other, while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries to unofficially determine who would be the best in the world. International competitions like the Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport. | What type of game is used to provide immature entertainment? | What type of game is used to provide immature entertainment? | [
"What type of game is used to provide immature entertainment?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22576 | 5727bb1b4b864d1900163bc4 | Exhibition_game | In the early days of association football, known simply as football or soccer, friendly matches (or "friendlies") were the most common type of match. However, since the development of The Football League in England in 1888, league tournaments became established, in addition to lengthy derby and cup tournaments. By the year 2000, national leagues were established in almost every country throughout the world, as well as local or regional leagues for lower level teams, thus the significance of friendlies has seriously declined since the 19th century. | What were the most common type of matches in the early days of soccer? | What were the most common type of matches in the early days of soccer? | [
"What were the most common type of matches in the early days of soccer?"
] | {
"text": [
"friendly matches (or \"friendlies\")"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22577 | 5727bb1b4b864d1900163bc5 | Exhibition_game | In the early days of association football, known simply as football or soccer, friendly matches (or "friendlies") were the most common type of match. However, since the development of The Football League in England in 1888, league tournaments became established, in addition to lengthy derby and cup tournaments. By the year 2000, national leagues were established in almost every country throughout the world, as well as local or regional leagues for lower level teams, thus the significance of friendlies has seriously declined since the 19th century. | When did the Football League begin in England? | When did the Football League begin in England? | [
"When did the Football League begin in England?"
] | {
"text": [
"1888"
],
"answer_start": [
218
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22578 | 5727bb1b4b864d1900163bc6 | Exhibition_game | In the early days of association football, known simply as football or soccer, friendly matches (or "friendlies") were the most common type of match. However, since the development of The Football League in England in 1888, league tournaments became established, in addition to lengthy derby and cup tournaments. By the year 2000, national leagues were established in almost every country throughout the world, as well as local or regional leagues for lower level teams, thus the significance of friendlies has seriously declined since the 19th century. | By what year had national football leagues been formed in nearly every country? | By what year had national football leagues been formed in nearly every country? | [
"By what year had national football leagues been formed in nearly every country?"
] | {
"text": [
"2000"
],
"answer_start": [
325
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22579 | 5727bb1b4b864d1900163bc7 | Exhibition_game | In the early days of association football, known simply as football or soccer, friendly matches (or "friendlies") were the most common type of match. However, since the development of The Football League in England in 1888, league tournaments became established, in addition to lengthy derby and cup tournaments. By the year 2000, national leagues were established in almost every country throughout the world, as well as local or regional leagues for lower level teams, thus the significance of friendlies has seriously declined since the 19th century. | What did the growth of national leagues cause a serious decline in? | What did the growth of national leagues cause a serious decline in? | [
"What did the growth of national leagues cause a serious decline in?"
] | {
"text": [
"the significance of friendlies"
],
"answer_start": [
476
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22580 | 5a1233c36614be00188f2499 | Exhibition_game | In the early days of association football, known simply as football or soccer, friendly matches (or "friendlies") were the most common type of match. However, since the development of The Football League in England in 1888, league tournaments became established, in addition to lengthy derby and cup tournaments. By the year 2000, national leagues were established in almost every country throughout the world, as well as local or regional leagues for lower level teams, thus the significance of friendlies has seriously declined since the 19th century. | During the early days of what sport were unfriendly matches the most common matches? | During the early days of what sport were unfriendly matches the most common matches? | [
"During the early days of what sport were unfriendly matches the most common matches?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22581 | 5a1233c36614be00188f249a | Exhibition_game | In the early days of association football, known simply as football or soccer, friendly matches (or "friendlies") were the most common type of match. However, since the development of The Football League in England in 1888, league tournaments became established, in addition to lengthy derby and cup tournaments. By the year 2000, national leagues were established in almost every country throughout the world, as well as local or regional leagues for lower level teams, thus the significance of friendlies has seriously declined since the 19th century. | When did the football league beginning your? | When did the football league beginning your? | [
"When did the football league beginning your?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22582 | 5a1233c36614be00188f249b | Exhibition_game | In the early days of association football, known simply as football or soccer, friendly matches (or "friendlies") were the most common type of match. However, since the development of The Football League in England in 1888, league tournaments became established, in addition to lengthy derby and cup tournaments. By the year 2000, national leagues were established in almost every country throughout the world, as well as local or regional leagues for lower level teams, thus the significance of friendlies has seriously declined since the 19th century. | What was established in addition to brief derby in cup tournaments? | What was established in addition to brief derby in cup tournaments? | [
"What was established in addition to brief derby in cup tournaments?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22583 | 5a1233c36614be00188f249c | Exhibition_game | In the early days of association football, known simply as football or soccer, friendly matches (or "friendlies") were the most common type of match. However, since the development of The Football League in England in 1888, league tournaments became established, in addition to lengthy derby and cup tournaments. By the year 2000, national leagues were established in almost every country throughout the world, as well as local or regional leagues for lower level teams, thus the significance of friendlies has seriously declined since the 19th century. | By what year were regional leagues establish in almost every country? | By what year were regional leagues establish in almost every country? | [
"By what year were regional leagues establish in almost every country?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22584 | 5a1233c36614be00188f249d | Exhibition_game | In the early days of association football, known simply as football or soccer, friendly matches (or "friendlies") were the most common type of match. However, since the development of The Football League in England in 1888, league tournaments became established, in addition to lengthy derby and cup tournaments. By the year 2000, national leagues were established in almost every country throughout the world, as well as local or regional leagues for lower level teams, thus the significance of friendlies has seriously declined since the 19th century. | What increase the significance of Friendly's since the nineteenth century? | What increase the significance of Friendly's since the nineteenth century? | [
"What increase the significance of Friendly's since the nineteenth century?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22585 | 5727bbedff5b5019007d93b8 | Exhibition_game | Since the introduction of league football, most club sides play a number of friendlies before the start of each season (called pre-season friendlies). Friendly football matches are considered to be non-competitive and are only used to "warm up" players for a new season/competitive match. There is generally nothing competitive at stake and some rules may be changed or experimented with (such as unlimited substitutions, which allow teams to play younger, less experienced, players, and no cards). Although most friendlies are simply one-off matches arranged by the clubs themselves, in which a certain amount is paid by the challenger club to the incumbent club, some teams do compete in short tournaments, such as the Emirates Cup, Teresa Herrera Trophy and the Amsterdam Tournament. Although these events may involve sponsorship deals and the awarding of a trophy and may even be broadcast on television, there is little prestige attached to them. | When do football clubs still play friendlies? | When do football clubs still play friendlies? | [
"When do football clubs still play friendlies?"
] | {
"text": [
"before the start of each season"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22586 | 5727bbedff5b5019007d93b9 | Exhibition_game | Since the introduction of league football, most club sides play a number of friendlies before the start of each season (called pre-season friendlies). Friendly football matches are considered to be non-competitive and are only used to "warm up" players for a new season/competitive match. There is generally nothing competitive at stake and some rules may be changed or experimented with (such as unlimited substitutions, which allow teams to play younger, less experienced, players, and no cards). Although most friendlies are simply one-off matches arranged by the clubs themselves, in which a certain amount is paid by the challenger club to the incumbent club, some teams do compete in short tournaments, such as the Emirates Cup, Teresa Herrera Trophy and the Amsterdam Tournament. Although these events may involve sponsorship deals and the awarding of a trophy and may even be broadcast on television, there is little prestige attached to them. | What type of football matches are non-competitive? | What type of football matches are non-competitive? | [
"What type of football matches are non-competitive?"
] | {
"text": [
"friendlies"
],
"answer_start": [
138
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22587 | 5727bbedff5b5019007d93ba | Exhibition_game | Since the introduction of league football, most club sides play a number of friendlies before the start of each season (called pre-season friendlies). Friendly football matches are considered to be non-competitive and are only used to "warm up" players for a new season/competitive match. There is generally nothing competitive at stake and some rules may be changed or experimented with (such as unlimited substitutions, which allow teams to play younger, less experienced, players, and no cards). Although most friendlies are simply one-off matches arranged by the clubs themselves, in which a certain amount is paid by the challenger club to the incumbent club, some teams do compete in short tournaments, such as the Emirates Cup, Teresa Herrera Trophy and the Amsterdam Tournament. Although these events may involve sponsorship deals and the awarding of a trophy and may even be broadcast on television, there is little prestige attached to them. | What do some friendlies change the rules to make unlimited? | What do some friendlies change the rules to make unlimited? | [
"What do some friendlies change the rules to make unlimited?"
] | {
"text": [
"substitutions"
],
"answer_start": [
407
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22588 | 5727bbedff5b5019007d93bb | Exhibition_game | Since the introduction of league football, most club sides play a number of friendlies before the start of each season (called pre-season friendlies). Friendly football matches are considered to be non-competitive and are only used to "warm up" players for a new season/competitive match. There is generally nothing competitive at stake and some rules may be changed or experimented with (such as unlimited substitutions, which allow teams to play younger, less experienced, players, and no cards). Although most friendlies are simply one-off matches arranged by the clubs themselves, in which a certain amount is paid by the challenger club to the incumbent club, some teams do compete in short tournaments, such as the Emirates Cup, Teresa Herrera Trophy and the Amsterdam Tournament. Although these events may involve sponsorship deals and the awarding of a trophy and may even be broadcast on television, there is little prestige attached to them. | What are some examples of friendly short football tournaments? | What are some examples of friendly short football tournaments? | [
"What are some examples of friendly short football tournaments?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Emirates Cup, Teresa Herrera Trophy and the Amsterdam Tournament"
],
"answer_start": [
717
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22589 | 5727bbedff5b5019007d93bc | Exhibition_game | Since the introduction of league football, most club sides play a number of friendlies before the start of each season (called pre-season friendlies). Friendly football matches are considered to be non-competitive and are only used to "warm up" players for a new season/competitive match. There is generally nothing competitive at stake and some rules may be changed or experimented with (such as unlimited substitutions, which allow teams to play younger, less experienced, players, and no cards). Although most friendlies are simply one-off matches arranged by the clubs themselves, in which a certain amount is paid by the challenger club to the incumbent club, some teams do compete in short tournaments, such as the Emirates Cup, Teresa Herrera Trophy and the Amsterdam Tournament. Although these events may involve sponsorship deals and the awarding of a trophy and may even be broadcast on television, there is little prestige attached to them. | What do friendly short football tournaments have little of? | What do friendly short football tournaments have little of? | [
"What do friendly short football tournaments have little of?"
] | {
"text": [
"prestige"
],
"answer_start": [
925
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22590 | 5a1234f16614be00188f24a3 | Exhibition_game | Since the introduction of league football, most club sides play a number of friendlies before the start of each season (called pre-season friendlies). Friendly football matches are considered to be non-competitive and are only used to "warm up" players for a new season/competitive match. There is generally nothing competitive at stake and some rules may be changed or experimented with (such as unlimited substitutions, which allow teams to play younger, less experienced, players, and no cards). Although most friendlies are simply one-off matches arranged by the clubs themselves, in which a certain amount is paid by the challenger club to the incumbent club, some teams do compete in short tournaments, such as the Emirates Cup, Teresa Herrera Trophy and the Amsterdam Tournament. Although these events may involve sponsorship deals and the awarding of a trophy and may even be broadcast on television, there is little prestige attached to them. | It when went to football clubs not play Friendly's? | It when went to football clubs not play Friendly's? | [
"It when went to football clubs not play Friendly's?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22591 | 5a1234f16614be00188f24a4 | Exhibition_game | Since the introduction of league football, most club sides play a number of friendlies before the start of each season (called pre-season friendlies). Friendly football matches are considered to be non-competitive and are only used to "warm up" players for a new season/competitive match. There is generally nothing competitive at stake and some rules may be changed or experimented with (such as unlimited substitutions, which allow teams to play younger, less experienced, players, and no cards). Although most friendlies are simply one-off matches arranged by the clubs themselves, in which a certain amount is paid by the challenger club to the incumbent club, some teams do compete in short tournaments, such as the Emirates Cup, Teresa Herrera Trophy and the Amsterdam Tournament. Although these events may involve sponsorship deals and the awarding of a trophy and may even be broadcast on television, there is little prestige attached to them. | What type of football matches are considered to be competitive? | What type of football matches are considered to be competitive? | [
"What type of football matches are considered to be competitive?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22592 | 5a1234f16614be00188f24a5 | Exhibition_game | Since the introduction of league football, most club sides play a number of friendlies before the start of each season (called pre-season friendlies). Friendly football matches are considered to be non-competitive and are only used to "warm up" players for a new season/competitive match. There is generally nothing competitive at stake and some rules may be changed or experimented with (such as unlimited substitutions, which allow teams to play younger, less experienced, players, and no cards). Although most friendlies are simply one-off matches arranged by the clubs themselves, in which a certain amount is paid by the challenger club to the incumbent club, some teams do compete in short tournaments, such as the Emirates Cup, Teresa Herrera Trophy and the Amsterdam Tournament. Although these events may involve sponsorship deals and the awarding of a trophy and may even be broadcast on television, there is little prestige attached to them. | What allows teams to play older more experienced players? | What allows teams to play older more experienced players? | [
"What allows teams to play older more experienced players?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22593 | 5a1234f16614be00188f24a6 | Exhibition_game | Since the introduction of league football, most club sides play a number of friendlies before the start of each season (called pre-season friendlies). Friendly football matches are considered to be non-competitive and are only used to "warm up" players for a new season/competitive match. There is generally nothing competitive at stake and some rules may be changed or experimented with (such as unlimited substitutions, which allow teams to play younger, less experienced, players, and no cards). Although most friendlies are simply one-off matches arranged by the clubs themselves, in which a certain amount is paid by the challenger club to the incumbent club, some teams do compete in short tournaments, such as the Emirates Cup, Teresa Herrera Trophy and the Amsterdam Tournament. Although these events may involve sponsorship deals and the awarding of a trophy and may even be broadcast on television, there is little prestige attached to them. | What are rarely one-off matches? | What are rarely one-off matches? | [
"What are rarely one-off matches?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22594 | 5a1234f16614be00188f24a7 | Exhibition_game | Since the introduction of league football, most club sides play a number of friendlies before the start of each season (called pre-season friendlies). Friendly football matches are considered to be non-competitive and are only used to "warm up" players for a new season/competitive match. There is generally nothing competitive at stake and some rules may be changed or experimented with (such as unlimited substitutions, which allow teams to play younger, less experienced, players, and no cards). Although most friendlies are simply one-off matches arranged by the clubs themselves, in which a certain amount is paid by the challenger club to the incumbent club, some teams do compete in short tournaments, such as the Emirates Cup, Teresa Herrera Trophy and the Amsterdam Tournament. Although these events may involve sponsorship deals and the awarding of a trophy and may even be broadcast on television, there is little prestige attached to them. | What type of games have trophies and prestige attached to them? | What type of games have trophies and prestige attached to them? | [
"What type of games have trophies and prestige attached to them?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22595 | 5727bd203acd2414000deb15 | Exhibition_game | International teams also play friendlies, generally in preparation for the qualifying or final stages of major tournaments. This is essential, since national squads generally have much less time together in which to prepare. The biggest difference between friendlies at the club and international levels is that international friendlies mostly take place during club league seasons, not between them. This has on occasion led to disagreement between national associations and clubs as to the availability of players, who could become injured or fatigued in a friendly. | What do friendlies help international teams prepare for? | What do friendlies help international teams prepare for? | [
"What do friendlies help international teams prepare for?"
] | {
"text": [
"the qualifying or final stages of major tournaments"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22596 | 5727bd203acd2414000deb16 | Exhibition_game | International teams also play friendlies, generally in preparation for the qualifying or final stages of major tournaments. This is essential, since national squads generally have much less time together in which to prepare. The biggest difference between friendlies at the club and international levels is that international friendlies mostly take place during club league seasons, not between them. This has on occasion led to disagreement between national associations and clubs as to the availability of players, who could become injured or fatigued in a friendly. | Which type of team lacks time to prepare for tournaments? | Which type of team lacks time to prepare for tournaments? | [
"Which type of team lacks time to prepare for tournaments?"
] | {
"text": [
"national squads"
],
"answer_start": [
149
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22597 | 5727bd203acd2414000deb17 | Exhibition_game | International teams also play friendlies, generally in preparation for the qualifying or final stages of major tournaments. This is essential, since national squads generally have much less time together in which to prepare. The biggest difference between friendlies at the club and international levels is that international friendlies mostly take place during club league seasons, not between them. This has on occasion led to disagreement between national associations and clubs as to the availability of players, who could become injured or fatigued in a friendly. | What do international leagues' friendlies happen in the middle of? | What do international leagues' friendlies happen in the middle of? | [
"What do international leagues' friendlies happen in the middle of?"
] | {
"text": [
"club league seasons"
],
"answer_start": [
362
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22598 | 5727bd203acd2414000deb18 | Exhibition_game | International teams also play friendlies, generally in preparation for the qualifying or final stages of major tournaments. This is essential, since national squads generally have much less time together in which to prepare. The biggest difference between friendlies at the club and international levels is that international friendlies mostly take place during club league seasons, not between them. This has on occasion led to disagreement between national associations and clubs as to the availability of players, who could become injured or fatigued in a friendly. | What concern has caused national associations and clubs to disagree about friendlies? | What concern has caused national associations and clubs to disagree about friendlies? | [
"What concern has caused national associations and clubs to disagree about friendlies?"
] | {
"text": [
"availability of players, who could become injured or fatigued"
],
"answer_start": [
492
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22599 | 5a123e6c6614be00188f24ad | Exhibition_game | International teams also play friendlies, generally in preparation for the qualifying or final stages of major tournaments. This is essential, since national squads generally have much less time together in which to prepare. The biggest difference between friendlies at the club and international levels is that international friendlies mostly take place during club league seasons, not between them. This has on occasion led to disagreement between national associations and clubs as to the availability of players, who could become injured or fatigued in a friendly. | When do international teams not qualify for Friendly's? | When do international teams not qualify for Friendly's? | [
"When do international teams not qualify for Friendly's?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
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