gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-27900 | 5729fd8e6aef05140015517b | Energy | Matter may be converted to energy (and vice versa), but mass cannot ever be destroyed; rather, mass/energy equivalence remains a constant for both the matter and the energy, during any process when they are converted into each other. However, since is extremely large relative to ordinary human scales, the conversion o... | Energy may be converted to what? | Energy may be converted to what? | [
"Energy may be converted to what?"
] | {
"text": [
"Matter"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27901 | 5729fd8e6aef05140015517c | Energy | Matter may be converted to energy (and vice versa), but mass cannot ever be destroyed; rather, mass/energy equivalence remains a constant for both the matter and the energy, during any process when they are converted into each other. However, since is extremely large relative to ordinary human scales, the conversion o... | Why is a loss of energy difficult to measure by weight? | Why is a loss of energy difficult to measure by weight? | [
"Why is a loss of energy difficult to measure by weight?"
] | {
"text": [
"mass equivalent of a unit of energy is minuscule"
],
"answer_start": [
583
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27902 | 5729fd8e6aef05140015517d | Energy | Matter may be converted to energy (and vice versa), but mass cannot ever be destroyed; rather, mass/energy equivalence remains a constant for both the matter and the energy, during any process when they are converted into each other. However, since is extremely large relative to ordinary human scales, the conversion o... | Where are examples of energy transformation into matter found? | Where are examples of energy transformation into matter found? | [
"Where are examples of energy transformation into matter found?"
] | {
"text": [
"high-energy nuclear physics"
],
"answer_start": [
881
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27903 | 5acd4c3307355d001abf3c56 | Energy | Matter may be converted to energy (and vice versa), but mass cannot ever be destroyed; rather, mass/energy equivalence remains a constant for both the matter and the energy, during any process when they are converted into each other. However, since is extremely large relative to ordinary human scales, the conversion o... | Matter can't be converted to what? | Matter can't be converted to what? | [
"Matter can't be converted to what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27904 | 5acd4c3307355d001abf3c57 | Energy | Matter may be converted to energy (and vice versa), but mass cannot ever be destroyed; rather, mass/energy equivalence remains a constant for both the matter and the energy, during any process when they are converted into each other. However, since is extremely large relative to ordinary human scales, the conversion o... | Energy can't be converted to what? | Energy can't be converted to what? | [
"Energy can't be converted to what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27905 | 5acd4c3307355d001abf3c58 | Energy | Matter may be converted to energy (and vice versa), but mass cannot ever be destroyed; rather, mass/energy equivalence remains a constant for both the matter and the energy, during any process when they are converted into each other. However, since is extremely large relative to ordinary human scales, the conversion o... | Why is a gain of energy difficult to measure by weight? | Why is a gain of energy difficult to measure by weight? | [
"Why is a gain of energy difficult to measure by weight?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27906 | 5acd4c3307355d001abf3c59 | Energy | Matter may be converted to energy (and vice versa), but mass cannot ever be destroyed; rather, mass/energy equivalence remains a constant for both the matter and the energy, during any process when they are converted into each other. However, since is extremely large relative to ordinary human scales, the conversion o... | Where are examples of energy transformation into matter not found? | Where are examples of energy transformation into matter not found? | [
"Where are examples of energy transformation into matter not found?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27907 | 5acd4c3307355d001abf3c5a | Energy | Matter may be converted to energy (and vice versa), but mass cannot ever be destroyed; rather, mass/energy equivalence remains a constant for both the matter and the energy, during any process when they are converted into each other. However, since is extremely large relative to ordinary human scales, the conversion o... | what equals 12 megatons of TNT | what equals 12 megatons of TNT | [
"what equals 12 megatons of TNT"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27908 | 5729fe926aef051400155182 | Energy | Thermodynamics divides energy transformation into two kinds: reversible processes and irreversible processes. An irreversible process is one in which energy is dissipated (spread) into empty energy states available in a volume, from which it cannot be recovered into more concentrated forms (fewer quantum states), witho... | Thermodynamics divides energy information into what two kinds? | Thermodynamics divides energy information into what two kinds? | [
"Thermodynamics divides energy information into what two kinds?"
] | {
"text": [
"reversible processes and irreversible processes"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27909 | 5729fe926aef051400155183 | Energy | Thermodynamics divides energy transformation into two kinds: reversible processes and irreversible processes. An irreversible process is one in which energy is dissipated (spread) into empty energy states available in a volume, from which it cannot be recovered into more concentrated forms (fewer quantum states), witho... | What divides energy transformation into two kinds reversible processes and irreversible processes? | What divides energy transformation into two kinds reversible processes and irreversible processes? | [
"What divides energy transformation into two kinds reversible processes and irreversible processes?"
] | {
"text": [
"Thermodynamics"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27910 | 5729fe926aef051400155184 | Energy | Thermodynamics divides energy transformation into two kinds: reversible processes and irreversible processes. An irreversible process is one in which energy is dissipated (spread) into empty energy states available in a volume, from which it cannot be recovered into more concentrated forms (fewer quantum states), witho... | A reversible process is one in which this does not happen. | A reversible process is one in which this does not happen. | [
"A reversible process is one in which this does not happen."
] | {
"text": [
"dissipation"
],
"answer_start": [
406
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27911 | 5acd59f407355d001abf3e4e | Energy | Thermodynamics divides energy transformation into two kinds: reversible processes and irreversible processes. An irreversible process is one in which energy is dissipated (spread) into empty energy states available in a volume, from which it cannot be recovered into more concentrated forms (fewer quantum states), witho... | Thermodynamics multiplies energy information into what two kinds? | Thermodynamics multiplies energy information into what two kinds? | [
"Thermodynamics multiplies energy information into what two kinds?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27912 | 5acd59f407355d001abf3e4f | Energy | Thermodynamics divides energy transformation into two kinds: reversible processes and irreversible processes. An irreversible process is one in which energy is dissipated (spread) into empty energy states available in a volume, from which it cannot be recovered into more concentrated forms (fewer quantum states), witho... | What doesn't divides energy transformation into two kinds reversible processes and irreversible processes? | What doesn't divides energy transformation into two kinds reversible processes and irreversible processes? | [
"What doesn't divides energy transformation into two kinds reversible processes and irreversible processes?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27913 | 5acd59f407355d001abf3e50 | Energy | Thermodynamics divides energy transformation into two kinds: reversible processes and irreversible processes. An irreversible process is one in which energy is dissipated (spread) into empty energy states available in a volume, from which it cannot be recovered into more concentrated forms (fewer quantum states), witho... | A reversible process is one in which this happens. | A reversible process is one in which this happens. | [
"A reversible process is one in which this happens."
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27914 | 5acd59f407355d001abf3e51 | Energy | Thermodynamics divides energy transformation into two kinds: reversible processes and irreversible processes. An irreversible process is one in which energy is dissipated (spread) into empty energy states available in a volume, from which it cannot be recovered into more concentrated forms (fewer quantum states), witho... | What isn't reversible? | What isn't reversible? | [
"What isn't reversible?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27915 | 5acd59f407355d001abf3e52 | Energy | Thermodynamics divides energy transformation into two kinds: reversible processes and irreversible processes. An irreversible process is one in which energy is dissipated (spread) into empty energy states available in a volume, from which it cannot be recovered into more concentrated forms (fewer quantum states), witho... | What must not stay partly as heat? | What must not stay partly as heat? | [
"What must not stay partly as heat?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27916 | 5729ff176aef051400155192 | Energy | As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in irreversible states (i.e., as heat or other kinds of increases in disorder). This has been referred to as the inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe. In this heat death the energy of the universe does not change, but the fracti... | As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in what? | As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in what? | [
"As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in what?"
] | {
"text": [
"irreversible states"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27917 | 5729ff176aef051400155193 | Energy | As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in irreversible states (i.e., as heat or other kinds of increases in disorder). This has been referred to as the inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe. In this heat death the energy of the universe does not change, but the fracti... | What is it referred to when more and more of energy becomes trapped in irreversible states? | What is it referred to when more and more of energy becomes trapped in irreversible states? | [
"What is it referred to when more and more of energy becomes trapped in irreversible states?"
] | {
"text": [
"inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27918 | 5729ff176aef051400155194 | Energy | As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in irreversible states (i.e., as heat or other kinds of increases in disorder). This has been referred to as the inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe. In this heat death the energy of the universe does not change, but the fracti... | In this heat death of energy, what does not change? | In this heat death of energy, what does not change? | [
"In this heat death of energy, what does not change?"
] | {
"text": [
"energy of the universe"
],
"answer_start": [
266
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27919 | 5acd5a8c07355d001abf3e80 | Energy | As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in irreversible states (i.e., as heat or other kinds of increases in disorder). This has been referred to as the inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe. In this heat death the energy of the universe does not change, but the fracti... | As the universe evolves in time, less and less of its energy becomes trapped in what? | As the universe evolves in time, less and less of its energy becomes trapped in what? | [
"As the universe evolves in time, less and less of its energy becomes trapped in what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27920 | 5acd5a8c07355d001abf3e81 | Energy | As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in irreversible states (i.e., as heat or other kinds of increases in disorder). This has been referred to as the inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe. In this heat death the energy of the universe does not change, but the fracti... | What is it referred to when more and more of energy becomes freed from irreversible states? | What is it referred to when more and more of energy becomes freed from irreversible states? | [
"What is it referred to when more and more of energy becomes freed from irreversible states?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27921 | 5acd5a8c07355d001abf3e82 | Energy | As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in irreversible states (i.e., as heat or other kinds of increases in disorder). This has been referred to as the inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe. In this heat death the energy of the universe does not change, but the fracti... | In this heat death of energy, what changes? | In this heat death of energy, what changes? | [
"In this heat death of energy, what changes?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27922 | 5acd5a8c07355d001abf3e83 | Energy | As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in irreversible states (i.e., as heat or other kinds of increases in disorder). This has been referred to as the inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe. In this heat death the energy of the universe does not change, but the fracti... | how much energy is not available to do work through a heat engine? | how much energy is not available to do work through a heat engine? | [
"how much energy is not available to do work through a heat engine?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27923 | 5acd5a8c07355d001abf3e84 | Energy | As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in irreversible states (i.e., as heat or other kinds of increases in disorder). This has been referred to as the inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe. In this heat death the energy of the universe does not change, but the fracti... | what is not attached to heat engines? | what is not attached to heat engines? | [
"what is not attached to heat engines?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27924 | 5729ffedaf94a219006aa743 | Energy | According to conservation of energy, energy can neither be created (produced) nor destroyed by itself. It can only be transformed. The total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system. Energy is subject to a strict glo... | According to what, energy can neither be created nor destroyed by itself? | According to what, energy can neither be created nor destroyed by itself? | [
"According to what, energy can neither be created nor destroyed by itself?"
] | {
"text": [
"conservation of energy"
],
"answer_start": [
13
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27925 | 5729ffedaf94a219006aa744 | Energy | According to conservation of energy, energy can neither be created (produced) nor destroyed by itself. It can only be transformed. The total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system. Energy is subject to a strict glo... | The total inflow of energy into a system must equal what? | The total inflow of energy into a system must equal what? | [
"The total inflow of energy into a system must equal what?"
] | {
"text": [
"total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system"
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27926 | 5729ffedaf94a219006aa745 | Energy | According to conservation of energy, energy can neither be created (produced) nor destroyed by itself. It can only be transformed. The total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system. Energy is subject to a strict glo... | What can neither be created nor destroyed by itself; it can only be transformed? | What can neither be created nor destroyed by itself; it can only be transformed? | [
"What can neither be created nor destroyed by itself; it can only be transformed?"
] | {
"text": [
"energy"
],
"answer_start": [
37
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27927 | 5acd5b2a07355d001abf3e98 | Energy | According to conservation of energy, energy can neither be created (produced) nor destroyed by itself. It can only be transformed. The total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system. Energy is subject to a strict glo... | According to what, energy can either be created or destroyed by itself? | According to what, energy can either be created or destroyed by itself? | [
"According to what, energy can either be created or destroyed by itself?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27928 | 5acd5b2a07355d001abf3e99 | Energy | According to conservation of energy, energy can neither be created (produced) nor destroyed by itself. It can only be transformed. The total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system. Energy is subject to a strict glo... | The total inflow of energy into a system must not equal what? | The total inflow of energy into a system must not equal what? | [
"The total inflow of energy into a system must not equal what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27929 | 5acd5b2a07355d001abf3e9a | Energy | According to conservation of energy, energy can neither be created (produced) nor destroyed by itself. It can only be transformed. The total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system. Energy is subject to a strict glo... | What can neither be created nor destroyed by itself and can't be transformed? | What can neither be created nor destroyed by itself and can't be transformed? | [
"What can neither be created nor destroyed by itself and can't be transformed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27930 | 5acd5b2a07355d001abf3e9b | Energy | According to conservation of energy, energy can neither be created (produced) nor destroyed by itself. It can only be transformed. The total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system. Energy is subject to a strict glo... | whose interactions depend explicitly on time? | whose interactions depend explicitly on time? | [
"whose interactions depend explicitly on time?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27931 | 5acd5b2a07355d001abf3e9c | Energy | According to conservation of energy, energy can neither be created (produced) nor destroyed by itself. It can only be transformed. The total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system. Energy is subject to a strict glo... | total energy of the system never remains what? | total energy of the system never remains what? | [
"total energy of the system never remains what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27932 | 572a0071af94a219006aa749 | Energy | This law is a fundamental principle of physics. As shown rigorously by Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time, a property of most phenomena below the cosmic scale that makes them independent of their locations on the time coordinate. Put differently... | What shows that the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time? | What shows that the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time? | [
"What shows that the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time?"
] | {
"text": [
"Noether's theorem"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27933 | 572a0071af94a219006aa74a | Energy | This law is a fundamental principle of physics. As shown rigorously by Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time, a property of most phenomena below the cosmic scale that makes them independent of their locations on the time coordinate. Put differently... | What is the quantity which is canonical conjugate to time? | What is the quantity which is canonical conjugate to time? | [
"What is the quantity which is canonical conjugate to time?"
] | {
"text": [
"energy"
],
"answer_start": [
403
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27934 | 572a0071af94a219006aa74b | Energy | This law is a fundamental principle of physics. As shown rigorously by Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time, a property of most phenomena below the cosmic scale that makes them independent of their locations on the time coordinate. Put differently... | This mathematical entanglement of energy and time results in what? | This mathematical entanglement of energy and time results in what? | [
"This mathematical entanglement of energy and time results in what?"
] | {
"text": [
"the uncertainty principle"
],
"answer_start": [
530
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27935 | 572a0071af94a219006aa74c | Energy | This law is a fundamental principle of physics. As shown rigorously by Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time, a property of most phenomena below the cosmic scale that makes them independent of their locations on the time coordinate. Put differently... | What states it is impossible to define the exact amount of energy during any definite time interval? | What states it is impossible to define the exact amount of energy during any definite time interval? | [
"What states it is impossible to define the exact amount of energy during any definite time interval?"
] | {
"text": [
"uncertainty principle"
],
"answer_start": [
534
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27936 | 5acd5c0607355d001abf3ebe | Energy | This law is a fundamental principle of physics. As shown rigorously by Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time, a property of most phenomena below the cosmic scale that makes them independent of their locations on the time coordinate. Put differently... | What shows that the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational asymmetry of time? | What shows that the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational asymmetry of time? | [
"What shows that the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational asymmetry of time?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27937 | 5acd5c0607355d001abf3ebf | Energy | This law is a fundamental principle of physics. As shown rigorously by Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time, a property of most phenomena below the cosmic scale that makes them independent of their locations on the time coordinate. Put differently... | What is the quality which is canonical conjugate to time? | What is the quality which is canonical conjugate to time? | [
"What is the quality which is canonical conjugate to time?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27938 | 5acd5c0607355d001abf3ec0 | Energy | This law is a fundamental principle of physics. As shown rigorously by Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time, a property of most phenomena below the cosmic scale that makes them independent of their locations on the time coordinate. Put differently... | This mathematical entanglement of energy and space results in what? | This mathematical entanglement of energy and space results in what? | [
"This mathematical entanglement of energy and space results in what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27939 | 5acd5c0607355d001abf3ec1 | Energy | This law is a fundamental principle of physics. As shown rigorously by Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time, a property of most phenomena below the cosmic scale that makes them independent of their locations on the time coordinate. Put differently... | What states it is possible to define the exact amount of energy during any definite time interval? | What states it is possible to define the exact amount of energy during any definite time interval? | [
"What states it is possible to define the exact amount of energy during any definite time interval?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27940 | 5acd5c0607355d001abf3ec2 | Energy | This law is a fundamental principle of physics. As shown rigorously by Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time, a property of most phenomena below the cosmic scale that makes them independent of their locations on the time coordinate. Put differently... | what should be confused with the uncertainty principle? | what should be confused with the uncertainty principle? | [
"what should be confused with the uncertainty principle?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27941 | 572a00d23f37b31900478637 | Energy | In particle physics, this inequality permits a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum, exchange by which and with real particles, is responsible for the creation of all known fundamental forces (more accurately known as fundamental interactions). Virtual photons (which are simply lowest qua... | What are simply lowest quantum mechanical energy state of photons? | What are simply lowest quantum mechanical energy state of photons? | [
"What are simply lowest quantum mechanical energy state of photons?"
] | {
"text": [
"Virtual photons"
],
"answer_start": [
276
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27942 | 572a00d23f37b31900478638 | Energy | In particle physics, this inequality permits a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum, exchange by which and with real particles, is responsible for the creation of all known fundamental forces (more accurately known as fundamental interactions). Virtual photons (which are simply lowest qua... | What is responsible for electrostatic interaction between electric charges? | What is responsible for electrostatic interaction between electric charges? | [
"What is responsible for electrostatic interaction between electric charges?"
] | {
"text": [
"Virtual photons"
],
"answer_start": [
276
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27943 | 572a00d23f37b31900478639 | Energy | In particle physics, this inequality permits a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum, exchange by which and with real particles, is responsible for the creation of all known fundamental forces (more accurately known as fundamental interactions). Virtual photons (which are simply lowest qua... | What results in Coulomb law? | What results in Coulomb law? | [
"What results in Coulomb law?"
] | {
"text": [
"electrostatic interaction between electric charges"
],
"answer_start": [
386
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27944 | 5acd5cc607355d001abf3ed8 | Energy | In particle physics, this inequality permits a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum, exchange by which and with real particles, is responsible for the creation of all known fundamental forces (more accurately known as fundamental interactions). Virtual photons (which are simply lowest qua... | What are simply highest quantum mechanical energy state of photons? | What are simply highest quantum mechanical energy state of photons? | [
"What are simply highest quantum mechanical energy state of photons?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27945 | 5acd5cc607355d001abf3ed9 | Energy | In particle physics, this inequality permits a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum, exchange by which and with real particles, is responsible for the creation of all known fundamental forces (more accurately known as fundamental interactions). Virtual photons (which are simply lowest qua... | What is responsible for non-electrostatic interaction between electric charges? | What is responsible for non-electrostatic interaction between electric charges? | [
"What is responsible for non-electrostatic interaction between electric charges?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27946 | 5acd5cc607355d001abf3eda | Energy | In particle physics, this inequality permits a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum, exchange by which and with real particles, is responsible for the creation of all known fundamental forces (more accurately known as fundamental interactions). Virtual photons (which are simply lowest qua... | What results in Casimir law? | What results in Casimir law? | [
"What results in Casimir law?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27947 | 5acd5cc607355d001abf3edb | Energy | In particle physics, this inequality permits a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum, exchange by which and with real particles, is responsible for the creation of all known fundamental forces (more accurately known as fundamental interactions). Virtual photons (which are simply lowest qua... | In what type of physics, does this equality permit a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum? | In what type of physics, does this equality permit a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum? | [
"In what type of physics, does this equality permit a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27948 | 5acd5cc607355d001abf3edc | Energy | In particle physics, this inequality permits a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum, exchange by which and with real particles, is responsible for the creation of all known fundamental forces (more accurately known as fundamental interactions). Virtual photons (which are simply lowest qua... | what is not known as fundamental forces? | what is not known as fundamental forces? | [
"what is not known as fundamental forces?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27949 | 572a016b3f37b3190047863d | Energy | Energy transfer can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter. The portion of the energy which is transferred by conservative forces over a distance is measured as the work the source system does on the receiving system. The portion of the energy which does not do work during... | What can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter? | What can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter? | [
"What can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter?"
] | {
"text": [
"Energy transfer"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27950 | 572a016b3f37b3190047863e | Energy | Energy transfer can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter. The portion of the energy which is transferred by conservative forces over a distance is measured as the work the source system does on the receiving system. The portion of the energy which does not do work during... | The portion of energy which does not do work during the transfer is called what? | The portion of energy which does not do work during the transfer is called what? | [
"The portion of energy which does not do work during the transfer is called what?"
] | {
"text": [
"heat"
],
"answer_start": [
344
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27951 | 572a016b3f37b3190047863f | Energy | Energy transfer can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter. The portion of the energy which is transferred by conservative forces over a distance is measured as the work the source system does on the receiving system. The portion of the energy which does not do work during... | Give one example of how energy can be transferred between systems? | Give one example of how energy can be transferred between systems? | [
"Give one example of how energy can be transferred between systems?"
] | {
"text": [
"transmission of electromagnetic energy via photons"
],
"answer_start": [
443
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27952 | 5acd5d9e07355d001abf3efe | Energy | Energy transfer can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter. The portion of the energy which is transferred by conservative forces over a distance is measured as the work the source system does on the receiving system. The portion of the energy which does not do work during... | What can be considered for the typical case of systems which are opened to transfers of matter? | What can be considered for the typical case of systems which are opened to transfers of matter? | [
"What can be considered for the typical case of systems which are opened to transfers of matter?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27953 | 5acd5d9e07355d001abf3eff | Energy | Energy transfer can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter. The portion of the energy which is transferred by conservative forces over a distance is measured as the work the source system does on the receiving system. The portion of the energy which does not do work during... | The portion of energy which works during the transfer is called what? | The portion of energy which works during the transfer is called what? | [
"The portion of energy which works during the transfer is called what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27954 | 5acd5d9e07355d001abf3f00 | Energy | Energy transfer can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter. The portion of the energy which is transferred by conservative forces over a distance is measured as the work the source system does on the receiving system. The portion of the energy which does not do work during... | Give one example of how energy cannot be transferred between systems? | Give one example of how energy cannot be transferred between systems? | [
"Give one example of how energy cannot be transferred between systems?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27955 | 5acd5d9e07355d001abf3f01 | Energy | Energy transfer can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter. The portion of the energy which is transferred by conservative forces over a distance is measured as the work the source system does on the receiving system. The portion of the energy which does not do work during... | the inductive transer of what kind of energy? | the inductive transer of what kind of energy? | [
"the inductive transer of what kind of energy?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27956 | 5acd5d9e07355d001abf3f02 | Energy | Energy transfer can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter. The portion of the energy which is transferred by conservative forces over a distance is measured as the work the source system does on the receiving system. The portion of the energy which does not do work during... | what are physical collisions which don't transfer kinetic energy? | what are physical collisions which don't transfer kinetic energy? | [
"what are physical collisions which don't transfer kinetic energy?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27957 | 572a01dc1d046914007796c1 | Energy | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that energy (but not necessarily thermodynamic free energy) is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer. For homogeneous systems, with a well-defined temperature and pressure, a commonly used corollary of the first law is that, for a system subject only to... | What asserts that energy is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer. | What asserts that energy is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer. | [
"What asserts that energy is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer."
] | {
"text": [
"first law of thermodynamics"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27958 | 572a01dc1d046914007796c2 | Energy | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that energy (but not necessarily thermodynamic free energy) is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer. For homogeneous systems, with a well-defined temperature and pressure, a commonly used corollary of the first law is that, for a system subject only to... | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that what is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer? | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that what is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer? | [
"The first law of thermodynamics asserts that what is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer?"
] | {
"text": [
"energy"
],
"answer_start": [
45
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27959 | 572a01dc1d046914007796c3 | Energy | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that energy (but not necessarily thermodynamic free energy) is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer. For homogeneous systems, with a well-defined temperature and pressure, a commonly used corollary of the first law is that, for a system subject only to... | What is a commonly used corollary of the first law? | What is a commonly used corollary of the first law? | [
"What is a commonly used corollary of the first law?"
] | {
"text": [
"for a system subject only to pressure forces and heat transfer (e.g., a cylinder-full of gas) without chemical changes"
],
"answer_start": [
292
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27960 | 5acd5e5307355d001abf3f30 | Energy | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that energy (but not necessarily thermodynamic free energy) is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer. For homogeneous systems, with a well-defined temperature and pressure, a commonly used corollary of the first law is that, for a system subject only to... | What asserts that energy is always conserved and that cool flow is a form of energy transfer. | What asserts that energy is always conserved and that cool flow is a form of energy transfer. | [
"What asserts that energy is always conserved and that cool flow is a form of energy transfer."
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27961 | 5acd5e5307355d001abf3f31 | Energy | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that energy (but not necessarily thermodynamic free energy) is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer. For homogeneous systems, with a well-defined temperature and pressure, a commonly used corollary of the first law is that, for a system subject only to... | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that what is never conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer? | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that what is never conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer? | [
"The first law of thermodynamics asserts that what is never conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27962 | 5acd5e5307355d001abf3f32 | Energy | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that energy (but not necessarily thermodynamic free energy) is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer. For homogeneous systems, with a well-defined temperature and pressure, a commonly used corollary of the first law is that, for a system subject only to... | What is a never used corollary of the first law? | What is a never used corollary of the first law? | [
"What is a never used corollary of the first law?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27963 | 5acd5e5307355d001abf3f33 | Energy | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that energy (but not necessarily thermodynamic free energy) is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer. For homogeneous systems, with a well-defined temperature and pressure, a commonly used corollary of the first law is that, for a system subject only to... | what is an example of a pyramid-full of gas | what is an example of a pyramid-full of gas | [
"what is an example of a pyramid-full of gas"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27964 | 5acd5e5307355d001abf3f34 | Energy | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that energy (but not necessarily thermodynamic free energy) is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer. For homogeneous systems, with a well-defined temperature and pressure, a commonly used corollary of the first law is that, for a system subject only to... | What type of system has a poorly defined temperature and pressure | What type of system has a poorly defined temperature and pressure | [
"What type of system has a poorly defined temperature and pressure"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27965 | 572a023f1d046914007796c7 | Energy | This principle is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy, called entropy. Entropy is a measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system. When an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom (i.e., given new available energy states that are t... | What is the principle that is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy? | What is the principle that is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy? | [
"What is the principle that is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy?"
] | {
"text": [
"entropy"
],
"answer_start": [
115
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27966 | 572a023f1d046914007796c8 | Energy | This principle is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy, called entropy. Entropy is a measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system. When an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom (i.e., given new available energy states that are t... | What is entropy? | What is entropy? | [
"What is entropy?"
] | {
"text": [
"measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27967 | 572a023f1d046914007796c9 | Energy | This principle is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy, called entropy. Entropy is a measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system. When an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom (i.e., given new available energy states that are t... | What is the mathematical result when an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom? | What is the mathematical result when an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom? | [
"What is the mathematical result when an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom?"
] | {
"text": [
"second law of thermodynamics"
],
"answer_start": [
502
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27968 | 5acd5efc07355d001abf3f52 | Energy | This principle is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy, called entropy. Entropy is a measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system. When an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom (i.e., given new available energy states that are t... | What is the principle that is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity unrelated to energy? | What is the principle that is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity unrelated to energy? | [
"What is the principle that is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity unrelated to energy?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27969 | 5acd5efc07355d001abf3f53 | Energy | This principle is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy, called entropy. Entropy is a measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system. When an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom (i.e., given new available energy states that are t... | What is dystropy? | What is dystropy? | [
"What is dystropy?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27970 | 5acd5efc07355d001abf3f54 | Energy | This principle is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy, called entropy. Entropy is a measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system. When an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom (i.e., given new available energy states that are t... | What is the non-mathematical result when an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom? | What is the non-mathematical result when an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom? | [
"What is the non-mathematical result when an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27971 | 5acd5efc07355d001abf3f55 | Energy | This principle is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy, called entropy. Entropy is a measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system. When an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom (i.e., given new available energy states that are t... | When an isolated system is given less degrees of freedom, what happens to total energy? | When an isolated system is given less degrees of freedom, what happens to total energy? | [
"When an isolated system is given less degrees of freedom, what happens to total energy?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27972 | 5acd5efc07355d001abf3f56 | Energy | This principle is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy, called entropy. Entropy is a measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system. When an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom (i.e., given new available energy states that are t... | what is a measure of oddness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system? | what is a measure of oddness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system? | [
"what is a measure of oddness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27973 | 572e7d5203f98919007566ad | Steven_Spielberg | In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres. Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust (in Schindler's... | What issue did Spielberg address in his movie Schindler's List? | What issue did Spielberg address in his movie Schindler's List? | [
"What issue did Spielberg address in his movie Schindler's List?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Holocaust"
],
"answer_start": [
291
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27974 | 572e7d5203f98919007566ae | Steven_Spielberg | In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres. Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust (in Schindler's... | What issue did Spielberg address in his movie Amistad? | What issue did Spielberg address in his movie Amistad? | [
"What issue did Spielberg address in his movie Amistad?"
] | {
"text": [
"the transatlantic slave trade"
],
"answer_start": [
328
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27975 | 572e7d5203f98919007566af | Steven_Spielberg | In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres. Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust (in Schindler's... | What issue did Spielberg address in his movie Munich? | What issue did Spielberg address in his movie Munich? | [
"What issue did Spielberg address in his movie Munich?"
] | {
"text": [
"terrorism"
],
"answer_start": [
455
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27976 | 572e7d5203f98919007566b0 | Steven_Spielberg | In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres. Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust (in Schindler's... | How long has Steven Spielberg had his career so far? | How long has Steven Spielberg had his career so far? | [
"How long has Steven Spielberg had his career so far?"
] | {
"text": [
"more than four decades"
],
"answer_start": [
21
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27977 | 573189d6e6313a140071d062 | Steven_Spielberg | In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres. Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust (in Schindler's... | In what film did Spielberg address humanistic issues? | In what film did Spielberg address humanistic issues? | [
"In what film did Spielberg address humanistic issues?"
] | {
"text": [
"Schindler's List"
],
"answer_start": [
309
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27978 | 573189d6e6313a140071d063 | Steven_Spielberg | In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres. Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust (in Schindler's... | In what film did Spielberg cover the slave trade? | In what film did Spielberg cover the slave trade? | [
"In what film did Spielberg cover the slave trade?"
] | {
"text": [
"Amistad"
],
"answer_start": [
362
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27979 | 573189d6e6313a140071d064 | Steven_Spielberg | In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres. Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust (in Schindler's... | In what films did Spielberg address war? | In what films did Spielberg address war? | [
"In what films did Spielberg address war?"
] | {
"text": [
"Empire of the Sun, Saving Private Ryan, War Horse and Bridge of Spies"
],
"answer_start": [
380
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27980 | 573189d6e6313a140071d065 | Steven_Spielberg | In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres. Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust (in Schindler's... | In what film did Spielberg address terrorism? | In what film did Spielberg address terrorism? | [
"In what film did Spielberg address terrorism?"
] | {
"text": [
"Munich"
],
"answer_start": [
469
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27981 | 573189d6e6313a140071d066 | Steven_Spielberg | In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres. Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust (in Schindler's... | What type of films did Spielberg find early success with? | What type of films did Spielberg find early success with? | [
"What type of films did Spielberg find early success with?"
] | {
"text": [
"y science-fiction and adventure"
],
"answer_start": [
116
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27982 | 5ad4a653ba00c4001a268ec1 | Steven_Spielberg | In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres. Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust (in Schindler's... | What is Spielberg's most critically acclaimed film? | What is Spielberg's most critically acclaimed film? | [
"What is Spielberg's most critically acclaimed film?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27983 | 5ad4a653ba00c4001a268ec2 | Steven_Spielberg | In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres. Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust (in Schindler's... | What film of Spielberg's was his first to address humanistic issues? | What film of Spielberg's was his first to address humanistic issues? | [
"What film of Spielberg's was his first to address humanistic issues?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27984 | 5ad4a653ba00c4001a268ec3 | Steven_Spielberg | In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres. Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust (in Schindler's... | What was Spielberg's first adventure film? | What was Spielberg's first adventure film? | [
"What was Spielberg's first adventure film?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27985 | 5ad4a653ba00c4001a268ec4 | Steven_Spielberg | In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres. Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust (in Schindler's... | What was Spielberg's first science-fiction movie? | What was Spielberg's first science-fiction movie? | [
"What was Spielberg's first science-fiction movie?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27986 | 572e8172dfa6aa1500f8d051 | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | Where was Steven Spielberg born? | Where was Steven Spielberg born? | [
"Where was Steven Spielberg born?"
] | {
"text": [
"Cincinnati, Ohio"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27987 | 572e8172dfa6aa1500f8d052 | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | What religion was Steven Spielberg's family? | What religion was Steven Spielberg's family? | [
"What religion was Steven Spielberg's family?"
] | {
"text": [
"Orthodox Jewish"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27988 | 572e8172dfa6aa1500f8d053 | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | Where were Steven Spielberg's granparents from? | Where were Steven Spielberg's granparents from? | [
"Where were Steven Spielberg's granparents from?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ukraine"
],
"answer_start": [
317
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27989 | 572e8172dfa6aa1500f8d054 | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | Where did Steven Spielberg's family move to in 1953? | Where did Steven Spielberg's family move to in 1953? | [
"Where did Steven Spielberg's family move to in 1953?"
] | {
"text": [
"Phoenix, Arizona"
],
"answer_start": [
518
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27990 | 572e8172dfa6aa1500f8d055 | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | What job did Steven Spielberg's father have? | What job did Steven Spielberg's father have? | [
"What job did Steven Spielberg's father have?"
] | {
"text": [
"electrical engineer"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27991 | 57318b4d05b4da19006bd276 | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | Where was Spielberg born? | Where was Spielberg born? | [
"Where was Spielberg born?"
] | {
"text": [
"Cincinnati, Ohio"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27992 | 57318b4d05b4da19006bd277 | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | What religion was Spielberg's family? | What religion was Spielberg's family? | [
"What religion was Spielberg's family?"
] | {
"text": [
"Orthodox Jewish"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27993 | 57318b4e05b4da19006bd278 | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | What was Spielberg's mother's career? | What was Spielberg's mother's career? | [
"What was Spielberg's mother's career?"
] | {
"text": [
"restaurateur and concert pianist"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27994 | 57318b4e05b4da19006bd279 | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | What was Spielberg's father's career? | What was Spielberg's father's career? | [
"What was Spielberg's father's career?"
] | {
"text": [
"electrical engineer involved in the development of computers"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27995 | 57318b4e05b4da19006bd27a | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | Where did Spielberg's paternal grandparents immigrate from? | Where did Spielberg's paternal grandparents immigrate from? | [
"Where did Spielberg's paternal grandparents immigrate from?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ukraine"
],
"answer_start": [
317
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27996 | 5ad4a8885b96ef001a109d28 | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | What was Spielberg's paternal grandfather's first name? | What was Spielberg's paternal grandfather's first name? | [
"What was Spielberg's paternal grandfather's first name?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27997 | 5ad4a8885b96ef001a109d29 | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | What was Spielberg's paternal grandmother's first name? | What was Spielberg's paternal grandmother's first name? | [
"What was Spielberg's paternal grandmother's first name?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27998 | 5ad4a8885b96ef001a109d2a | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | In what year did Rabbi Albert L. Lewis join Hebrew School in Phoenix, Arizona? | In what year did Rabbi Albert L. Lewis join Hebrew School in Phoenix, Arizona? | [
"In what year did Rabbi Albert L. Lewis join Hebrew School in Phoenix, Arizona?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27999 | 5ad4a8885b96ef001a109d2b | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | In what year did Spielberg's father become an electrical engineer? | In what year did Spielberg's father become an electrical engineer? | [
"In what year did Spielberg's father become an electrical engineer?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
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