id string | dataset string | question string | options list | answer string | explanation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
aquarat_45119 | aquarat | <ctx>
1. 20 m / s to the right. refer to figure 3. 43, which shows a boat trying to go straight across the river. let us calculate the magnitude and direction of the boat β s velocity relative to an observer on the shore,. the velocity of the boat,, is 0. 75 m / s in the - direction relative to the river and the veloci... | [
"A)5 kmph",
"B)2 kmph",
"C)7 kmph",
"D)8 kmph"
] | A | DS = 18
US = 8
S = ?
S = (18 - 8)/2 = 5 kmph
Answer:A |
arc_easy_336 | arc_easy | <ctx>
headlight as the car moves to the right. ) take - home experiment : mass and ruler oscillations find two identical wooden or plastic rulers. tape one end of each ruler firmly to the edge of a table so that the length of each ruler that protrudes from the table is the same. on the free end of one ruler tape a heav... | [
"balanced forces.",
"unbalanced forces.",
"equal and opposite reactions.",
"objects in motion."
] | A | |
qasc_36 | qasc | <ctx>
but today the world health organization takes a more broad approach, that the principles of palliative care should be applied as early as possible to any chronic and ultimately fatal illness. palpation β is the process of using one's hands to check the body, especially while perceiving / diagnosing a disease or i... | [
"fats",
"paper",
"lipids",
"meat"
] | D | |
medmcqa_4315 | medmcqa | <ctx>
broad ligament of the uterus. for a short part, the uterine arteries travel on top for a short ( ) period. they then pass by the cervix, traveling inward towards the bladder. blood and lymphatic supply the arteries which supply the ureter vary along its course. the upper third of the ureter, closest to the kidney... | [
"Paracaecal",
"Retrocaecal",
"Pelvic",
"Subcoecal"
] | B | Retrocaecal is the mc position in 65percent cases in 12 o clock position followed by pelvic in 4 o clock position M/C :-retrocaecal>pelvic |
arc_challenge_59 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
asexual and sexual reproduction. in summer, aphids are generally female and parthenogenetic ; in the autumn, males may be produced for sexual reproduction. other insects produced by parthenogenesis are bees, wasps and ants, in which they spawn males. however, overall, most individuals are female, which are produc... | [
"incomplete metamorphosis",
"complete metamorphosis",
"alternation of generations",
"spontaneous mutation"
] | A | |
qasc_3858 | qasc | <ctx>
but today the world health organization takes a more broad approach, that the principles of palliative care should be applied as early as possible to any chronic and ultimately fatal illness. palpation β is the process of using one's hands to check the body, especially while perceiving / diagnosing a disease or i... | [
"hormones",
"blood cells",
"glucose",
"Energy"
] | C | |
arc_challenge_226 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
system, large errors within any particularly piece of guidance are still possible on any given model run. professionals are required to interpret the model data into weather forecasts that are understandable to the lay person. professionals can use knowledge of local effects which may be too small in size to be r... | [
"global warming",
"air-quality control",
"plate tectonics",
"use of images from space"
] | D | |
aquarat_45785 | aquarat | <ctx>
a point that is guaranteed to be between the 30th and 70th percentiles ( in the middle 4 deciles ). thus the search set decreases by at least 30 %. the problem is reduced to 70 % of the original size, which is a fixed proportion smaller. applying the same algorithm on the now smaller set recursively until only on... | [
"A) 1.0",
"B) 1.5",
"C) 2.0",
"D) 2.5"
] | A | This is a good question to understand the difference between mean and median.
Mean: Average of all the numbers. (Sum of all the elements divided by the number of elements)
Median: Arrange the elements of the set in increasing order. If the number of terms is odd, the middle term is the median. If the number of terms is... |
medmcqa_2543 | medmcqa | <ctx>
s brief vulnerable period of 0. 03 seconds in duration prevented ventricular fibrillation or sudden cardiac death. he called this method of timed dc discharge " cardioversion. " the cardioverter and dc defibrillator were especially valuable in coronary care units, when patients are hospitalized when most suscepti... | [
"Procaine",
"Lidocaine",
"Tetracaine",
"Bupivacaine"
] | A | Chlorprocaine is the shortest acting LA. Amongst the given options procaine is shortest acting. |
aquarat_38937 | aquarat | <ctx>
plan would provide an interest credit of say 6 % of the prior year's balance in each worker's " hypothetical account " so that the current year's balance would be the sum of the prior year's balance and the current year's pay credit and an interest credit on prior year's balance. for a worker who starts at age 25... | [
"A)$51.50",
"B)$52.00",
"C)$52.50",
"D)$53.00"
] | B | 1.04*$50=$52.00
The answer is B. |
openbookqa_47 | openbookqa | <ctx>
1. 5 years old ). although antler size typically increases with age, antler characteristics ( e. g., number of points, length, or thickness of the antlers ) are not good indicators of buck age, in general, because antler development is influenced by the local environment. the individual deer's nutritional needs f... | [
"sun",
"iron",
"sand",
"cafeteria"
] | A | |
openbookqa_194 | openbookqa | <ctx>
kangaroo ; mahogany sugar glider ; northern brown bandicoot ; platypus ; proserpine rock - wallaby ; red - legged pademelon ; red - necked wallaby ; short - eared possum ; southern greater glider ; spinifex hopping mouse ; squirrel glider and swamp wallaby. reptile species include : carpet pythons ( coastal, jung... | [
"They have horns",
"They speak English",
"They can fly",
"webbed feet"
] | D | |
aquarat_30638 | aquarat | <ctx>
4. 5 normal, tension, and other examples of forces 17. two teams of nine members each engage in a tug of war. each of the first team β s members has an average mass of 68 kg and exerts an average force of 1350 n horizontally. each of the second team β s members has an average mass of 73 kg and exerts an average f... | [
"A)85",
"B)86",
"C)88",
"D)90"
] | C | When the student weighs 80 pounds the average weight is x - 1 pounds;
When the student weighs 110 pounds the average weight is x + 4 pounds.
So, the increase in total weight of 110 - 80 = 30 pounds corresponds to the increase in average weight of (x + 4) - (x - 1) =5 pounds, which means that there are 30/5 = 6 students... |
medmcqa_8855 | medmcqa | <ctx>
these include a thickening of the basement membrane, a widening of the slit membranes of the podocytes, an increase in the number of mesangial cells, and an increase in mesangial matrix. this matrix invades the glomerular capillaries and produces deposits called kimmelstiel - wilson nodules. the mesangial cells a... | [
"Fever",
"Rash",
"Eosinophilia",
"Heavy proteinuria"
] | D | The classic presentation of allergic interstitial nephritis (AIN), include fever, rash, peripheral eosinophilia, and oliguric renal failure. But in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced AIN, fever, rash and eosinophilia are rare, but acute renal failure with heavy proteinuria is common. Ref: Harrisons pri... |
medmcqa_2567 | medmcqa | <ctx>
these include a thickening of the basement membrane, a widening of the slit membranes of the podocytes, an increase in the number of mesangial cells, and an increase in mesangial matrix. this matrix invades the glomerular capillaries and produces deposits called kimmelstiel - wilson nodules. the mesangial cells a... | [
"Haemoglobin",
"Albumin (<150mg/24 hrs normally)",
"Myoglobin",
"Inulin"
] | A | Hemoglobin is the least filtered in glomerules and when it is secreted in high levels it is called hemoglobinuria most common in porphyrias. Ref: Ganong's review of medical physiology; 24th edition; page no; 678 |
qasc_3399 | qasc | <ctx>
e. g. botulismclostridium botulinum requires, most endospores require, and prions even higher ). higher temperatures may be achieved with a pressure cooker. heat combined with ultraviolet light ( uv ), such as sodis method, reduces the necessary temperature and duration. filtration portable pump filters are comme... | [
"virus",
"sunlight",
"Echinoids",
"Bacteria"
] | D | |
medmcqa_2378 | medmcqa | <ctx>
5. 3 β’ elasticity : stress and strain 215 where is the shear modulus ( see table 5. 3 ) and is the force applied perpendicular to and parallel to the cross - sectional area. again, to keep the object from accelerating, there are actually two equal and opposite forces applied across opposite faces, as illustrated ... | [
"Prolonged labor",
"Nulliparity",
"Placenta previa",
"Oligohydramnios"
] | C | Most common causes of transverse lie are:
Multiparity
Preterm fetus
Abnormal uterine anatomy
Hydramnios
Contracted pelvis. |
aquarat_625 | aquarat | <ctx>
this equation and entering the known values gives 10. 28 10. 29 10. 30 10. 31 10. 32 10. 33
strategy for ( b ) the efficiency can be calculated with since is given and work was found in the first part of this example. solution for ( b ) efficiency is given by :. the work was just found to be, and is given, so th... | [
"A)Rs. 120",
"B)Rs. 160",
"C)Rs. 270",
"D)Rs. 300"
] | C | EXPLANATION
Let Cβs share = Rs. x
Then, Bβs share = Rs. x/4 , Aβs share = Rs. (2/3 x x/4 ) = Rs. x/6
=x/6 + x/4 + x = 1530
=> 17x/12 = 1530
=> 1530 x 12/ 17 = Rs.1080
Hence, Bβs share = Rs. (1080/4) = Rs. 270.
Answer C |
aquarat_28424 | aquarat | <ctx>
stock under different stock valuation methods can be confusing. another example is modelling labour variances with learning curve corrections and stock level changes. with the absence of a basic profit model in an algebraic form, confident development of such models is difficult. the development of spreadsheets h... | [
"A)20%",
"B)30%",
"C)60%",
"D)50%"
] | C | Because you need the % increase in profit.
The increase in profit = 4.5 * 1000 (increase in the units from 2000 to 3000)
The original profit = 4.5*2000 - 1500 (initially 2000 units were sold)
% increase = (4.5 * 1000)/(4.5*2000 - 1500) * 100 =60%
ANSWER:C |
medmcqa_9786 | medmcqa | <ctx>
when the vessel is 70 % occluded. lack of oxygen may also result in a myocardial infarction ( heart attack ). cad can be contracted over time. risk factors include a family history of cad, smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, inactive lifestyle, mental stress and high cholesterol. angina can also occu... | [
"Halothane",
"Etomidate",
"Thiopentone",
"Ketamine"
] | B | B i.e. Etomidate - Etomidate causes adreno - coical suppressionQ by inhibiting enzymes 11/3 hydroxylase (mainly) & 17 a hydroxylase involved in coisol and aldosterone (mineralocoicoid) productionQ. Vit C supplimentation restores coisol level. - Etomidate and midazolam provide cardiovascular stabilityQ. But etomidate is... |
qasc_3932 | qasc | <ctx>
. pesticides and herbicides computational chemistry can also be applied to the development of safer pesticides and herbicides. recently, the increasing use of pesticides and herbicides has raised much controversy due to environmental and public health concerns. it was found that although these chemicals are desig... | [
"longevity",
"birth",
"humans",
"disease"
] | D | |
aquarat_36263 | aquarat | <ctx>
75 % of the total number of lecture and laboratory courses ( practical ) separately in each course. students falling short of the prescribed minimum attendance in a particular course shall not be permitted to take in the examination for that course. a student shall be promoted to next higher professional class on... | [
"A)343",
"B)677",
"C)790",
"D)867"
] | C | If Mike had scored 25 marks more, he could have scored 30%
Therefore, Mike required 212 + 25 = 237 marks
Let the maximum marks be m.
Then 30 % of m = 237
(30/100) Γ m = 237
m = (237 Γ 100)/30
m = 23700/30
m = 790
Answer:C |
medmcqa_5512 | medmcqa | <ctx>
gallbladder ( known as courvoisier's sign ) may also raise suspicion, and can help differentiate pancreatic cancer from gallstones. medical imaging techniques, such as computed tomography ( ct scan ) and endoscopic ultrasound ( eus ) are used both to confirm the diagnosis and to help decide whether the tumor can ... | [
"Ductal adenocarcinoma",
"Cystadenoma",
"Insulinoma",
"Non islet cell tumor"
] | A | M/C type - Adenocarcinoma Non-specific Tumour Marker - CEA Specific Tumour Marker - CA 19.9 Chemotherapy Regimen - Gemcitabine MC site of metastasis - Liver M/C site for CA pancreas - Head > Body > Tail Neuroendocrine Tumors (NET) of Pancreas- M/C NET of Pancreases - Non-Functional (PPOMA)- M/C functional NET of Pancre... |
qasc_567 | qasc | <ctx>
news. 9 : 1 - 4 ( 1988 ). rosenberg, z. f. and fauci, a. s. immunopathogenic mechanisms in human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) infections. ann. n. y. acad. sci. 546 : 164 - 174 ( 1988 ). rosenberg, z. f. and fauci, a. s. update of hiv vaccine trials at the national institutes of health. in : m. girard and l. val... | [
"p53",
"RNA",
"DNA",
"CFCs"
] | B | |
arc_easy_1666 | arc_easy | <ctx>
18. 4 β’ structure and general properties of the nonmetals 877 the nonmetals are elements located in the upper right portion of the periodic table. their properties and behavior are quite different from those of metals on the left side. under normal conditions, more than half of the nonmetals are gases, one is a l... | [
"the uppermost complete row of the table",
"the rows at the bottom of the table connecting two sections",
"the column at the far left side of the table",
"the second column from the right side of the table"
] | D | |
medmcqa_671 | medmcqa | <ctx>
campylobacter bacterium. anne hardy argues that widespread public education of food hygiene can be useful, particularly through media ( tv cookery programmes ) and advertisement. she points to the examples set by scandinavian societies. united states in 2001, the center for science in the public interest petition... | [
"Adenovirus",
"E coli",
"Norwalk virus",
"Rota virus"
] | D | ANSWER: (D) Rota virusREF: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, J Clin Microbiol v. 26(12); Dec 1988Though none of the text books specifically mention most common causes of acute infantile gastroenteritis, most of the literature search in pubmed , cochrane and medscape and major text books of pediatrics point to: Viruses are more com... |
aquarat_42448 | aquarat | <ctx>
at the end of each semester. history see : education in czechoslovakia and list of colleges and universities in slovakia system primary education primary schools are usually preceded by kindergartens where children can spend up to 4 years, which in turn can be preceded by day nurseries. generally, children start ... | [
"A)31",
"B)36",
"C)53",
"D)58"
] | C | Sol.
Age of the teacher = ( 39 Γβ 15 Γ’β¬β 38 Γβ 14 ) years = 53 years.
Answer C |
medmcqa_9465 | medmcqa | <ctx>
1996 by the cdc. in these guidelines, the use of one of two prevention methods was recommended : either a risk - based approach or a culture - based screening approach. the cdc issued updated guidelines in 2002 ; these guidelines recommended the universal culture - based screening of all pregnant women at 35 β 37... | [
"Sedation and wait",
"Augmentation with syntocin",
"Cesarean section",
"Amniotomy"
] | A | This is a nulliparous patient and is in latent phase of labor. Latent phase duration normally in a nulliparous female is less than 20hrs and in a multiparous female its is 14 hours. The optimal treatment for this patient is administer sedation and observe the patient. Prolonged latent phase occur when the duration exce... |
aquarat_34191 | aquarat | <ctx>
this list contains selected positive numbers in increasing order, including counts of things, dimensionless quantities and probabilities. each number is given a name in the short scale, which is used in english - speaking countries, as well as a name in the long scale, which is used in some of the countries that ... | [
"A)8",
"B)6",
"C)1",
"D)4"
] | C | Explanation :
Let the original number be pq i.e., (10p + q).
After interchanging the digits, the new number becomes qp i.e., (10q + p).
The question states that the average of 9 numbers has become 1 less than the original average.
Therefore, the sum of the original 9 numbers will be 9*1 more than the sum of the 9 numbe... |
arc_challenge_455 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
##ces. the nutlets and pollen of mertensia are nearly uniform and consequently, are not of much taxonomic value. there are no known fossils of mertensia. a molecular clock analysis has estimated that mertensia diverged from asperugo in the late oligocene or early miocene. asperugo and mertensia do not closely res... | [
"Glossopteris was versatile enough to adapt to all climates.",
"The landmasses were joined together in pre-historic times.",
"Fossils were much better preserved in the southern continents.",
"The northern climate regions were not suitable for plant growth."
] | B | |
medmcqa_2001 | medmcqa | <ctx>
of rape. according to the criminal code of russia ( article 123 ), the performance of an abortion by a person who does not have a medical degree and specialized training is punishable by fine of up to 800, 000 rub ; by a fine worth up to 8 months of the convicted's income ; by community service from 100 to 240 ho... | [
"Hemorrhage",
"Sepsis",
"Air embolism",
"Perforation"
] | B | ANSWER: (B) SepsisREF: Forensic Medicine and Toxicology By R.N.Karmakar page 230, Textbook of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Krishan Vij 5th ed fig 26.2The most common complication from illegal abortion is retained product of conception; the most frequent cause of death is infection and sepsis.NATURAL VS CRIMINAL AB... |
medmcqa_705 | medmcqa | <ctx>
common in certain unicellular eukaryotes. however, the prevalence and importance of hgt in the evolution of multicellular eukaryotes remain unclear. " due to the increasing amount of evidence suggesting the importance of these phenomena for evolution ( see below ) molecular biologists such as peter gogarten have ... | [
"Transduction",
"Transformation",
"Conjugation",
"Vertical transmission"
] | C | Conjugation
Bacterial conjugation is the transfer of genetic material between bacteria through direct cell to cell contact or through a bridge- like the connection between two cells.
Conjugation is a process whereby a donor (male) bacterium makes physical contact with a recipient (female) bacterium.
Donor status is de... |
aquarat_21037 | aquarat | <ctx>
20. 50
. 98 10. 99 10. 100
total sales or incremental sales. pma, a marketing firm, estimated that in 2005, $ 486. 5 million worth of rebates were redeemed. the redemption rates averaged 21. 1 % when calculated as a percentage of total sales, and 67. 6 % when calculated as a percentage of incremental sales. pma... | [
"A)31.9",
"B)39.2",
"C)31.6",
"D)31.5"
] | B | 100*(80/100)*(20/100)*(95/100) = 60.8
100 - 60.8 = 39.2
Answer:B |
medmcqa_3139 | medmcqa | <ctx>
gene targeted for analysis ) mus musculus ( house mouse ; common model organism ) physcomitrella patens ( only plant in which gene targeting is available, as of 1998 ) references external links outline of gene targeting by the university of michigan gene targeting in mouse diagram & summary by heydari lab, wayne ... | [
"SCID",
"cancer",
"cystic fibrosis",
"Leukemia"
] | A | a. SCID(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 584-586)FDA-approved gene therapy is used for ADA-SCID, Leber's congenital amaurosis, multiple myeloma & Adrenoleukodystrophy |
mmlu_aux_3290 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##raley, j. m., wolman, a. a., kaufman, g. d., winn, h. e., hall, j. d., reinke, j. m., and ostman, j. ( 1986 ). migratory movement and population structure of humpback whales ( megaptera novaeangliae ) in the central and eastern north pacific. marine ecology progress series, 31, 105 - 119. baker, c. s. and herma... | [
"The terrible sound that is caused in the war between two countries.",
"Human activities that aim to explore the ocean floor.",
"The loud sound that whales and dolphins make.",
"The earthquakes that happen on the ocean floor."
] | B | null |
aquarat_22345 | aquarat | <ctx>
horizontally from midnight xii o'clock to midnight xii o'clock. the stations along the journey, from zug and lucerne to chiasso, locarno and luino are displayed vertically. the first scheduled train, an express train with 1st, 2nd and 3rd class carriages, leaves bellinzona at 03 : 17. the train with the number 55... | [
"A)7 sec",
"B)5 sec",
"C)9 sec",
"D)6 sec"
] | D | T = 60/36 * 18/5
= 6 sec
Answer:D |
medmcqa_2759 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a potential therapeutic target in the aggressive forms of thyroid cancer. proc natl acad sci u s a. 2014 ; mar ; 111 ( 11 ) : 4233 β 4238. yip l, wharry li, armstrong mj, silbermann a, mccoy kl, stang mt, ohori np, lebeau so, coyne c, nikiforova mn, bauman je, johnson jt, tublin me, hodak sp, nikiforov ye, carty ... | [
"Medullary type",
"Follicular type",
"Papillary type",
"Anaplastic type"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Papillary type [Ref: Schwartz 9/e p1361 (8/e p1417); Harrison 17/e p.2242 (16/e, p.2122)\o "Papillary carcinoma accounts for 80% of ail thyroid malignancies in iodine-sufficient areas and is the predominant thyroid cancer in children and individuals exposed to external radiation." - Schwartzo Incidenc... |
arc_easy_1873 | arc_easy | <ctx>
the greater yellowstone ecosystem ( gye ) is one of the last remaining large, nearly intact ecosystems in the northern temperate zone of the earth. it is located within the northern rocky mountains, in areas of northwestern wyoming, southwestern montana, and eastern idaho, and is about. yellowstone national park ... | [
"National parks limit people from seeing wildlife.",
"National parks limit mining, logging, and hunting.",
"National parks protect land for farmers and ranchers.",
"National parks protect land for people to build houses."
] | B | |
openbookqa_248 | openbookqa | <ctx>
. london ; arnold, 1998. greve, ralf and heinz blatter. dynamics of ice sheets and glaciers. berlin etc. ; springer, 2009. hambrey, michael and jurg alean. glaciers. 2nd ed. cambridge and new york ; cambridge university press, 2004. hooke, roger leb. principles of glacier mechanics. 2nd ed. cambridge and new york... | [
"ice trays",
"solid water",
"warm water",
"buckets of oil"
] | B | |
aquarat_43875 | aquarat | <ctx>
a profitable trading system. if he set his average win at around $ 400 per trade ( this can be done using proper exit strategy ) and managing / limiting the losses to around $ 100 per trade ; the expectancy is around : expectancy = ( trading system winning probability * average win ) β ( trading system losing pro... | [
"A)25%",
"B)35%",
"C)27%",
"D)23%"
] | A | Gain=22 oranges
Total 110 oranges
CP 110-22=88
(22/88)*100
=25%
Ans A |
medmcqa_335 | medmcqa | <ctx>
to match the physiological concentration. if you purchase 25 ml of contact lens saline solution, how many grams of sodium chloride have you bought?
patient's coagulation status. in many cases it will not be needed, unless the patient presents a ptt inferior to 160 seconds. in patients with normal values, a bolus... | [
"Administration of hypeonic saline solution",
"Restriction of free water",
"Plasma ultrafiltration",
"Hemodialysis"
] | B | The initial, and often definitive, management of hyponatremia is free-water restriction. Symptomatic hyponatremia, which occurs at serum sodium levels less than or equal to 120 mEq/L, can result in headache, seizures, coma, and signs of increased intracranial pressure and may require infusion of hypeonic saline. Rapid ... |
medmcqa_8257 | medmcqa | <ctx>
single parents. they rank above average in their use of technology - perhaps influenced by their urban, fast - paced environment. 64 - family thrifts : this segment contains families, that work entry - level service jobs. in these inner - city apartment - filled neighborhoods, residents rely on public transportat... | [
"Communal family",
"Elementary family",
"Problem Family",
"Broken Family"
] | C | Problem Family: Is a family which lags behind rest of the community; underlying factors in most problem families are those of personality, relationships, backwardness, povey, illness, mental and social instability, character defects and marital disharmony. Standards of life are generally far below the accepted minimum ... |
medmcqa_6382 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, churchill livingstone. 2012. management of acute and chronic neck pain. n bogduk, b mcguirk ( authors ), 1st ed., elsevier. 2006. biomechanics of back pain. m adams, n bogduk, k burton, p dolan ( authors ), 3rd ed., churchill livingstone. 2012. medical management of acute and chronic low back pain. an evidence ... | [
"Nausea & vomiting",
"Pruritus",
"Urinary retention",
"Sedation"
] | B | Pruritus is the most common side effect with neuraxial opioids. It may be generalized but is more likely to be localized to the face, neck or upper thorax. Treatment 1. naloxone 2. antihistaminic. 3. propofol |
aquarat_18917 | aquarat | <ctx>
this equation and entering the known values gives 10. 28 10. 29 10. 30 10. 31 10. 32 10. 33
< 9. 99 : order = 50 if 9. 99 < = price < 19. 99 : order = 30 if price > = 19. 99 : order = 10 a. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50 else : order = 30 order = 10 b. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50 elif price < 19. 99 : order = 3... | [
"A)0.00018",
"B)0.09",
"C)0.018",
"D)0.18"
] | D | x=0.009/0.18=0.05
ANSWER:D |
aquarat_28189 | aquarat | <ctx>
38. 9 m / s ( about 87 miles per hour ) 23. ( a ) ( b ) ( c ) 25. ( a ) ( b ) ( c ) this result does not really make sense. if the runner starts at 9. 00 m / s and decelerates at, then she will have stopped after 4. 50 s. if she continues to decelerate, she will be running backwards. 27. 29. ( a ) ( b ) ( c ) 7. ... | [
"A)250",
"B)300",
"C)350",
"D)400"
] | D | Nice problem. +1.
First timetogetherthey run half of the circumference.
Second timetogetherthey run full circumference.
First time Brenda runs 100 meters, thus second time she runs 2*100 = 200 meters.
Since second time (when they run full circumference) Brenda runs 200 meters and Sally runs 200 meters, thus the circumf... |
medmcqa_6145 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##aract is caused when crystallins are damaged photochemically, thereby leading to diminished lenticular transparency. he argued that the oxidative stress on the lens induces covalent chemical changes in the constituent molecules and these changes lead to cataract. he researched further on the subject to find out... | [
"Occlusio pupillae",
"Seclusio pupillae",
"Festooned pupil",
"Mydriatic pupil"
] | B | Seclusio pupillae/ring synaechiae/annular synaechiae is seen in severe iritis or recurrent uveitis, in which whole circle of pupillary margin becomes tied down to the lens capsule. It can lead to secondary angle closure glaucoma. Note: Occlusio pupillae/blocked pupil occurs when exudation in uveitis is extensive. They ... |
mmlu_aux_8226 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
extraterrestrial liquid water ( ) is water in its liquid state that naturally occurs outside earth. it is a subject of wide interest because it is recognized as one of the key prerequisites for life as we know it and thus surmised as essential for extraterrestrial life. although many celestial bodies in the solar... | [
"oceans will evaporate more liquid than a lake",
"streams will evaporate more liquid than anything",
"lakes will evaporate more water than oceans",
"streams will evaporate more water than oceans"
] | A | null |
medmcqa_5375 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##phaloliths. calculi are usually asymptomatic, and large calculi may have required many years to grow to their large size. cause from an underlying abnormal excess of the mineral, e. g., with elevated levels of calcium ( hypercalcaemia ) that may cause kidney stones, dietary factors for gallstones. local conditi... | [
"Calcium oxalate",
"Magnesium ammonium phosphate",
"Uric acid",
"Cystine"
] | A | There are four main types of kidney stones Calcium stones are the most common type of kidney stones. They are usually made of calcium and oxalate (a natural chemical found in most foods), but are sometimesmade of calcium and phosphate. Uric acid stones form when your urine is often too acidic. Refer robbins 9/e p951 |
aquarat_14514 | aquarat | <ctx>
the investment vehicle that maximizes the profit. hence, conclusion : knowing the direction the market will go ( i. e. having perfect information ) is worth $ 350. discussion : if someone was selling information that guaranteed the accurate prediction of the future market direction, we would want to purchase this... | [
"A)Loss of Rs.240",
"B)Gain of Rs.120",
"C)Loss of Rs.350",
"D)Neither gain nor loss"
] | C | Explanation:
1st SP = Rs.3500 β 25% of 3500 = Rs.3500 β 875 = Rs.2625.
(24% = ΒΌ)
2nd SP = Rs.2625 + 20% of 2625 = Rs.2625 + 525 = Rs.3150.
:. Overall loss = Rs.3500 β Rs.3150 = Rs.350.
Answer: Option C |
openbookqa_13 | openbookqa | <ctx>
animalia ) and the protozoa, single - celled organisms no longer considered animals. in modern times, the biological classification of animals relies on advanced techniques, such as molecular phylogenetics, which are effective at demonstrating the evolutionary relationships between taxa. humans make use of many a... | [
"gills",
"scales",
"exoskeletons",
"legs"
] | D | |
medmcqa_9339 | medmcqa | <ctx>
20. 7 β’ nerve conduction β electrocardiograms 891 taken together, the 12 leads of a state - of - the - art ecg can yield a wealth of information about the heart. for example, regions of damaged heart tissue, called infarcts, reflect electrical waves and are apparent in one or more lead potentials. subtle changes ... | [
"Rabbit ear pattern",
"Delta wave",
"P pulmonale",
"P mitrale"
] | D | The ECG represents P mitrale pattern which is seen in left atrial hyperophy. P- mitraleis Broad, notched/bifid ( M shaped) P wave in limb leads. Width of P wave > 2.5mmwith anotch in Lead II. ( increased duration > 0.12s) Seen in MS,MR and Systemic HTN. Rabbit ear pattern is seen in Bundle Branch Block Delta wave is se... |
medmcqa_3473 | medmcqa | <ctx>
products used to minimize this adverse effect are : red cells, reconstituted blood and 5 % albumin. the use of each blood product is dependent on the clinical considerations for the pediatric patient, in all cases the prime serves to reduce the hypovolemic effects a large extra - corporeal volume of the apheresis... | [
"Hyperkalemia",
"Citrate toxicity",
"Metabolic acidosis",
"Hypothermia"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Metabolic acidosis The question is most probably about complications of massive blood transfusion.Massive Blood Transfusion * Massive blood transfusion is generally defined as transfusion of one to two volumes of patient's own blood volumes (For most adults that is equivalent to 10-20 units.)Complicat... |
aquarat_28436 | aquarat | <ctx>
##s of the vectors is also equal. that is, 3. 3
this equation and entering the known values gives 10. 28 10. 29 10. 30 10. 31 10. 32 10. 33
out : solving for, we find that 5. 10
4. 3 β’ partial derivatives 345 145. given find all points at which simultaneously. 146. given find all points at which and simultaneo... | [
"A)4/5",
"B)9/10",
"C)7/5",
"D)8/5"
] | B | W/X = 2/3x=>x=3/2w and W/Y = 3/5=>y=5/3w
(X+Y)/Y = (3/2w+5/3w)/(5/3x)=9/10
Correct Option: B |
qasc_4247 | qasc | <ctx>
healthy bladders of felines, where it prevents bacterial adherence and protects the bladder from the toxic properties of urine. cats suffering from idiopathic cystitis, ( i. e. unexplained inflammation of the bladder ) excrete lower amounts of gp - 51 along with other glycosaminoglycans, leaving the lining of the... | [
"Kidneys",
"liver",
"alveoli",
"bladder"
] | A | |
openbookqa_3024 | openbookqa | <ctx>
5. 11 202 5 β’ further applications of newton's laws : friction, drag, and elasticity access for free at openstax. org we have discussed that when an object rests on a horizontal surface, there is a normal force supporting it equal in magnitude to its weight. furthermore, simple friction is always proportional to ... | [
"river stones smashing",
"hands clapping",
"mirrors pressing together",
"stone falling"
] | A | |
openbookqa_1270 | openbookqa | <ctx>
to heat flow over the covered portion of the body. this thermal resistance causes the temperature on the surface of the clothing to be less than the temperature on the surface of the skin. this smaller temperature gradient between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature will cause a lower rate of heat... | [
"quench it's thirst",
"heat it up",
"cool it down",
"wash it off"
] | C | |
aquarat_21620 | aquarat | <ctx>
48 not just 25 because the square of the next prime is 49, and below n = 25 just 2 and 3 are sufficient. should the square root of n be an integer, then it is a factor and n is a perfect square. an example of the trial division algorithm, using successive integers as trial factors, is as follows ( in python ) : d... | [
"A)1",
"B)2",
"C)5",
"D)6"
] | D | (519/ 25) gives remainder 19
19 + 6 = 25, So we need to add 6
Answer : D |
mmlu_aux_4723 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
are pictured as bear - like and between 3 and 5 feet ( about 1 β 1. 5 metres ) in height, making them only slightly smaller than adult humans. this changed with the tv series, in which they were portrayed as being about knee - high to humans, with pointy snouts like those of hedgehogs. in the book and film wombli... | [
"quite harmless",
"very dangerous",
"very safe",
"very clever"
] | B | null |
arc_challenge_365 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
models, the simplest being the nearly free electron model. minerals minerals are naturally occurring solids formed through various geological processes under high pressures. to be classified as a true mineral, a substance must have a crystal structure with uniform physical properties throughout. minerals range in... | [
"the main nutrient in all foods",
"a type of grain found in cereals",
"a natural substance that makes up rocks",
"the decomposed plant matter found in soil"
] | C | |
medmcqa_1114 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a mammogram cannot diagnose a malignant tumor, only give evidence of a lump or region of increased density within the breast. x - ray absorption by different types of soft tissue is very similar, so contrast is difficult ; this is especially true for younger women, who typically have denser breasts. for older wom... | [
"Collapse",
"Pleural effusion",
"Pneumothorax",
"Consolidation"
] | B | Answer- (B) Pleural effusionPneumonectomy chest (Early sip: within 24 hr): Paial filling of thorax, ipsilateral mediastinal shift & diaphragmatic elevation.Homogenous opacityShift of mediastinum to the opposite sideConcave upper border (Ellis's curve) |
qasc_4511 | qasc | <ctx>
a flood is an overflow of water ( or rarely other fluids ) that submerges land that is usually dry. in the sense of " flowing water ", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. floods are an area of study of the discipline hydrology and are of significant concern in agriculture, civil engineering an... | [
"the Colorado",
"the Pacific Ocean",
"water evaporation",
"bullfrogs"
] | A | |
aquarat_43024 | aquarat | <ctx>
the possible numbers of successes, given in the final column of this table, are derived as follows. for 0 successes, there is clearly only one set of four choices ( namely, choosing all four incorrect cups ) giving this result. for one success and three failures, there are four correct cups of which one is select... | [
"A)6/7",
"B)2/7",
"C)3/7",
"D)4/7"
] | A | Total probability=7C2=21
4C2 +4C1*3C1=6+12=18
therefore the probability that at least one of the fashion magazines will be selected= 18/21=6/7
answer is A |
medmcqa_6621 | medmcqa | <ctx>
metabolism. in 2022, farese and walther moved their laboratory to the sloan kettering institute of memorial sloan kettering. dr. farese is a co - founder and board member of the bluefield project to cure frontotemporal dementia ( ftd ) research. his work has been recognized by a bristol - myers squibb β freedom t... | [
"Osteosarcoma",
"Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma",
"Ewing's sarcoma",
"Leiomyosarcoma"
] | C | |
aquarat_13712 | aquarat | <ctx>
area is the measure of a region's size on a surface. the area of a plane region or plane area refers to the area of a shape or planar lamina, while surface area refers to the area of an open surface or the boundary of a three - dimensional object. area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thic... | [
"A)143530 m",
"B)145600 m",
"C)153600 m",
"D)134500 m"
] | C | Perimeter = Distance covered in 8 min. = 12000 x 8 m = 1600 m.
60
Let length = 3x metres and breadth = 2x metres.
Then, 2(3x + 2x) = 1600 or x = 160.
Length = 480 m and Breadth = 320 m.
Area = (480 x 320) m2 = 153600 m
C |
medmcqa_1369 | medmcqa | <ctx>
. intranasal administration of oxytocin in patients with an significantly lowered food anticipation and eating concern. substance use disorder uncontrolled and continuous use of a substance, drugs or alcohol, is known as substance use disorder. substances can interfere with neuronal signaling and potentially disr... | [
"Euphoriant effects of opioids",
"Craving for opioids",
"Miosis",
"Respiratory depression"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Craving for opioids o Naltrexone can reverse all effects of opioids like sedation, analgesia, constipation, respiratory depression and miosis, but it does not reduce craving. "Craving for opioids may continue during naltrexone treatment" Principles of addiction medicine o It is interesting to know tha... |
medmcqa_808 | medmcqa | <ctx>
blocks found in both sponges and humans collagen collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals and is an essential molecule in the formation of bones, skin and other connective tissue. different types of collagen have been found in all multicellular organisms, including sponges. it has been found that sponges ... | [
"Type I",
"Type II",
"Type III",
"Type IV"
] | A | Collagen - the most abundant protein in mammals contains 4-hydroxyproline and 5-hydroxylysine. Vitamin C plays the role of a coenzyme in hydroxylation of proline and lysine while protocollagen is conveed to collagen The hydroxylation reaction is catalysed by lysyl hydroxylase (for lysine) and prolyl hydroxylase (for pr... |
medmcqa_5208 | medmcqa | <ctx>
. the us national library of medicine publishes " lactmed, " an up - to - date online database of information on drugs and lactation. geared to both healthcare practitioners and nursing mothers, lactmed contains over 450 drug records with information such as potential drug effects and alternative drugs to conside... | [
"Sodium nitroprusside",
"Hydralazine",
"ACE inhibitors",
"Indapamide"
] | B | Ans. B: Hydralazine Intravenous form of hydralazine is useful when treating severe hypeension due to preeclampsia/eclampsia. It has got a long record of safe use during pregnancy, but troublesome adverse effects occur. It decreases systemic resistance through direct vasodilation of aerioles. |
mmlu_aux_3750 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##sprove both theories. in the following chapter bose presents his own hypothesis which states that impulse transmission in plants is similar to the transmission in animals. he then supports his claim with several experimental results. in the following chapters 4 to 13, bose explains nervous transmission in plant... | [
"he destroyed an insect",
"he destroyed a plant by pulling off its leaves",
"he found that plants could express feelings of shock",
"he found that plants could move and speak after all"
] | C | null |
medmcqa_8748 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, what is the probability that the patient has cancer? when asked this question, physicians with an average of 14 years experience in medical practice ranged in their answers from 1 - 99 %, with most answers being 47 % or 50 %. ( the correct answer is 5 %. ) this observation of clinical base rate neglect and cond... | [
"Risk of susceptibility",
"Usually expressed a percentage",
"Time period in a calendar year",
"Disease occurrence in a specified time period"
] | D | Disease rate is a measure of incidence or occurrence of disease in a population.
In other words, it is synonymous for incidence rate. |
qasc_6947 | qasc | <ctx>
of larger molecules and charged particles such as ions. cell membranes also contains membrane proteins, including integral membrane proteins that go across the membrane serving as membrane transporters, and peripheral proteins that loosely attach to the outer side of the cell membrane, acting as enzymes shaping t... | [
"protons",
"recycling",
"oxygen",
"energy"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_2824 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
the moon's last quarter. the larvae spend a few weeks at sea and then return to land. tracking migration scientists gather observations of animal migration by tracking their movements. animals were traditionally tracked with identification tags such as bird rings for later recovery. however, no information was ob... | [
"By looking for food in the afternoon.",
"By tucking in early to avoid starving.",
"By staying in their nests all day long.",
"By keeping thin to avoid being caught."
] | D | null |
aquarat_18104 | aquarat | <ctx>
be preferred ). the break - even algorithm the break - even algorithm instructs one to rent for 9 days and buy skis on the morning of day 10 if one is still up for skiing. if one has to stop skiing during the first 9 days, it costs the same as what one would pay if one had known the number of days one would go sk... | [
"A)$100",
"B)$150",
"C)$125",
"D)$120"
] | D | A:(B+C) = 2:3
A's share = 300*2/5 = $120
Answer is D |
medmcqa_1303 | medmcqa | <ctx>
calcification of the matrix occurs and osteoprogenitor cells that entered the cavity via the periosteal bud, use the calcified matrix as a scaffold and begin to secrete osteoid, which forms the bone trabecula. osteoclasts, formed from macrophages, break down spongy bone to form the medullary ( bone marrow ) cavit... | [
"Paget's disease",
"Sheurmann's disease",
"Epiphyseal dysplasia",
"Hemophilia"
] | D | Epiphyseal enlargement
Most common causes of epiphyseal enlargement are chronic inflammation (e.g. JRA) or chronic increase in blood flow. Causes of Epiphyseal enlargement are:-
a)Β Solitary (Enlargement of particular epiphysis)
Post-inflammatory (JRA, Septic arthritis)
Perthe's disease (in repair stage)
Status post ... |
aquarat_8309 | aquarat | <ctx>
a mortgage ( 1 million for 20 years @ r = 10 % ) calculated firstly according to the above time continuous model and secondly using the excel pv function. as may be seen the curves are virtually indistinguishable β calculations effected using the model differ from those effected using the excel pv function by a m... | [
"A)3 : 2",
"B)1 : 3",
"C)2 : 3",
"D)1 : 5"
] | D | Explanation :
Simple Interest = PRT/100
Here Principal(P) and Rate of Interest (R) are constants
Hence, Simple Interest β T
Required Ratio = Simple Interest for 2 years/Simple Interest for 10 years
=T1/T2
=2/10
=1/5
=1:5
Answer : Option D |
medmcqa_7887 | medmcqa | <ctx>
branchial arch or gill arch of fish ), is the first of six pharyngeal arches that develops during the fourth week of development. it is located between the stomodeum and the first pharyngeal groove. processes this arch divides into a maxillary process and a mandibular process, giving rise to structures including ... | [
"It occurs at lower 2/3rd of sternocleidomastoid",
"It is lined by squamous epithelium",
"It develops from remnants of 2nd branchial cyst",
"Usually presents in early or middle adulthood"
] | A | Ans: A (It occurs at lower 2/3rd of sternocleido-mastoid) Ref: Bailey & Love '5 Short Practice of Surgery, 25th Edition, pg. 728Explanation:Branchial cyst is located at the junction of the upper third and middle third of the sternomastoid muscle at its anterior border.BRANCHIAL CYSTAetiopathologyDevelops from the vesti... |
qasc_7369 | qasc | <ctx>
##phism, usually one of the sexes contributes more to the survival of their offspring ( usually the mother ). in such cases, the only adaptive benefit of having a second sex is the possibility of sexual selection, by which organisms can improve their genotype. evidence for this explanation for the evolution of se... | [
"Make friends",
"massive damage",
"Create young",
"Become prey"
] | C | |
qasc_2015 | qasc | <ctx>
are formed of the eroded igneous rocks formed during these orogenies ( mountain - building periods ). the british geological survey lists snowdonia and the lake district as having extremely large volcanic eruptions around 450 ma ( million years ago ), edinburgh castle lying upon the remains of a volcano dating ba... | [
"volcanoes",
"wind",
"sunlight",
"years"
] | B | |
medmcqa_3383 | medmcqa | <ctx>
baldness, during moulting. here are a few other genes resulting in unusual fur : the wh gene ( dominant, possibly incomplete ) results in wirehair cats. they have bent or crooked hair producing springy, crinkled fur. a hypothetical yuc gene, or york chocolate undercoat gene, results in cats with no undercoat. how... | [
"Buphthalmos",
"Keratoglobus",
"Trachoma",
"Keratoconus"
] | A | Haabs striae -Tears and breaks in descemets membrane . These occur because Descemt's membrane is less elastic than the corneal stroma. Tears are usually peripheral, concentric with the limbus and appear as lines with double contour. Ref:Comprehensive ophthalmology-AK Khurana 6th edition chapter-10 page no:226 |
mmlu_aux_3589 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
in mangrove swamps ; the anderson's salamander meanwhile occurs in brackish or salt water lakes. on land, amphibians are restricted to moist habitats because of the need to keep their skin damp. modern amphibians have a simplified anatomy compared to their ancestors due to paedomorphosis, caused by two evolutiona... | [
"the scarlet frog used to live in Africa",
"researchers have no way to save amphibians",
"the scientists will search 14 countries at most",
"Robin Moore has begun his search for amphibians"
] | D | null |
aquarat_14043 | aquarat | <ctx>
joshi claims fdi will help the farm sector improve critical infrastructure and integrate farmer - consumer relationship. today, the existing retail has not been able to supply fresh vegetables to the consumers because they have not invested in the backward integration. when the farmers'produce reaches the end con... | [
"A)1:10",
"B)1:12",
"C)1:15",
"D)1:20"
] | A | Milk = m liters;
Water = w liters;
Cost of m+w liters = 6.4m;
Selling price of m+w liters = 8(m+w).
Given that 6.4m*1.375 = 8(m+w) --> w/m=1/10.
Answer: A. |
mmlu_aux_3127 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
mathematical anxiety, also known as math phobia, is a feeling of tension and anxiety that interferes with the manipulation of numbers and the solving of mathematical problems in daily life and academic situations. this is, arguably, distinct from statistics anxiety where the negative state is the result of encoun... | [
"Math pain in your brain..",
"Physical pain affects math performance.",
"How to overcome math fear",
"Unknown truth about pain."
] | A | null |
aquarat_18085 | aquarat | <ctx>
x is not a perfect square. the diophantine set is { 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13,... }. the equation is a diophantine equation with two parameters x1, x2 and an unknown y, which defines the set of pairs ( x1, x2 ) such that x1 < x2. matiyasevich's theorem matiyasevich's theorem, also called the matiyasevich β... | [
"A)\t-12",
"B)\t-3",
"C)\t0",
"D)\t2"
] | C | How to deal with inequalities involving absolute values? First example shows us the so callednumber case
In this case we have |y + 3| β€ 3 which is generalized |something| β€ some number. First we solve as if there were no absolute value brackets:
y + 3 β€ 3
y β€ 0
So y is 0 or negative
Second scenario - remove the absolut... |
mmlu_aux_4933 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
11. 1 what is a fluid? learning objectives by the end of this section, you will be able to : β’ state the common phases of matter. β’ explain the physical characteristics of solids, liquids, and gases. β’ describe the arrangement of atoms in solids, liquids, and gases. matter most commonly exists as a solid, liquid,... | [
"liquid",
"soild",
"gas",
"snow"
] | C | null |
mmlu_aux_3700 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
species alongside the already - established burmese python. feral rock pythons were also noted in the 1990s in the everglades. the central african rock python inhabits a wide range of habitats, including forest, savanna, grassland, semidesert, and rocky areas. it is particularly associated with areas of permanent... | [
"Mice, crops, birds' eggs.",
"Pests, frogs, some animals, plants.",
"Birds' eggs, frogs, all animals, other snakes.",
"Mice, frogs, pests, some animals, other snakes."
] | D | null |
aquarat_14151 | aquarat | <ctx>
in analytic number theory, a dirichlet series, or dirichlet generating function ( dgf ), of a sequence is a common way of understanding and summing arithmetic functions in a meaningful way. a little known, or at least often forgotten about, way of expressing formulas for arithmetic functions and their summatory f... | [
"A)2018",
"B)2088",
"C)270",
"D)1881"
] | A | f (f(0)) + f(0) = 2(0) + 3 ββ f(1) = 3-1 = 2, f(1) = 2
f(f(1)) + f(1) = 2(1) + 3 ββ f(2) = 5-2 = 3, f(2) = 3
f(f(2)) + f(2) = 2(2) + 3 ββ f(3) = 7-3 = 4, f(3) = 4
..............
f(2017) = 2018
Ans: A |
medmcqa_6213 | medmcqa | <ctx>
. australian journal of zoology. 9 ( 1 ) : 61 β 122. mackerras, m. j., & mackerras, i. m. ( 1961 ). the haematozoa of australian frogs and fish. australian journal of zoology. 9 ( 1 ) : 123 β 139. mackerras, m. j. ( 1961 ). a promising new drug for the elimination of hookworms. the medical journal of australia, 4... | [
"Lung fluke",
"Tapeworms",
"Intestinal flukes",
"Liver flukes"
] | A | Ans. A: Lung fluke Paragonismus westermani Preferred definitive host: Carnivores (e.g. felids, canids, viverids, and mustelids), rodents, and pigs. Reservoir hosts: Humans Vector/intermediate hosts: Snail of Family Thieridae; - Crab-Eriocheir japonicus. Organs affected: Mainly the bronchioles of the lungs, but the worm... |
medmcqa_6162 | medmcqa | <ctx>
dictated by the isostress condition, in which the fibres and matrix are oriented perpendicularly to the loading direction : and now the strains become a weighted averagerewriting hooke's law for the individual phases this leads tofrom the definition of hooke's lawand, in general, following the example above, if o... | [
"1 Mpa",
"5 Mpa",
"15 Mpa",
"30 Mpa"
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_1668 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##jver and g. siscoe, eds. the international handbook of innovation education, 2012, taylor & francis / routledge. a degree in a book : cosmology, 2019, arcturus publishing. knowledge in a nutshell : astrophysics, 2019, arcturus publishing. knowledge in a nutshell : quantum physics, 202020, arcturus publishing. s... | [
"the polluted air floating over the surface of Earth",
"the mass of tiny drops of water floating above Earth",
"the things that are unknown to everybody",
"the dark clouds gathering before a storm breaks"
] | A | null |
aquarat_10020 | aquarat | <ctx>
, for a set of randomly chosen people, what is the probability that some pair of them will have the same birthday? the problem itself is mainly concerned with counterintuitive probabilities, but we can also tell by the pigeonhole principle that if there are 367 people in the room, there is at least one pair of pe... | [
"A)15",
"B)21",
"C)35",
"D)42"
] | A | 6C4 = 15
The remaining 2 people in each case will be parked in each other's parking spots.
The answer is A. |
pubmedqa_544 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
nor predict any particular outcome ). these problems have been slightly reduced ( or " modestly improved " ) in the dsm - 5 according to carpenter. when psychotic symptoms are confined to an episode of mania or depression ( with or without mixed features ), the diagnosis is that of a " psychotic " mood disorder, ... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
openbookqa_495 | openbookqa | <ctx>
summer ','summer ','fall ','winter ','fall ','winter'],'month': ['july ','june ','september ','january ','october ','february'],'month - day': [ 1, 12, 3, 7, 20, 28 ],'year': [ 2000, 1990, 2020, 1998, 2001, 2022 ] } df = pd. dataframe ( days ) season month month - day year 0 summer july 1 2000 1 summer june 12 19... | [
"ten",
"twelve",
"eight",
"four"
] | B | |
medmcqa_9751 | medmcqa | <ctx>
with h. kallberg et al. : gene - gene and gene - environment interactions involving hla - drb1, ptpn22, and smoking in two subsets of rheumatoid arthritis, american j. hum. genetics, vol. 80, 2007, pp. 867 - 875 with e. f. remmers et al. : stat4 and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosu... | [
"Shigella flexneri",
"Shigella boydii",
"Shigela shiga",
"Shigela dysentriae"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e.. Shigella Flexneri o Organisms that have been associated with Reiter Arthritis include the follow ing:C trachomatis (L2b serotype)Ureaplasma urealyticumNeisseria gonorrhoeaeShigella flexneriSalmonella enterica serovars TyphimuriumMycoplasma pneumoniaeMycobacterium tuberculosisYersinia enterocolitica an... |
aquarat_25736 | aquarat | <ctx>
##r can mix 13 and 16 digit card numbers. visa's vpay brand can specify pan lengths from 13 to 19 digits and so card numbers of more than 16 digits are now being seen. switch was re - branded as maestro in mid - 2007. in 2011, uk domestic maestro ( formerly switch ) was aligned with the standard international mae... | [
"A)12",
"B)15",
"C)18",
"D)24"
] | C | The first two digits are fixed.
The third digit can be 7, 8, or 9 so there are 3 choices.
The fourth digit can be 3, 6, or 9 so there are 3 choices.
The fifth digit depends entirely on the sixth digit.
The sixth digit can be 1 or 2 so there are 2 choices.
The number of possibilities is 3*3*2 = 18
The answer is C. |
mmlu_aux_4223 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
explored by observations made from the earth's surface β initially with the unaided eye and then with the telescope. before reliable rocket technology, the closest that humans had come to reaching outer space was through balloon flights. in 1935, the american explorer ii crewed balloon flight reached an altitude ... | [
"the surprising exactness of space artists",
"the popular success of Lucien Rudaux",
"the imaginations of great artists",
"the likeness between the Moon and Mars"
] | A | null |
arc_challenge_322 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
work in their regional context. this approach allows defining the dynamic behaviour of active volcanoes during unrest periods and eruptions and thus being able to make reliable forecasts as to the likely scenarios. volcano - tectonics merges the knowledge and expertise of a wide range of methodologies. these prim... | [
"two diverging oceanic plates",
"two converging oceanic plates",
"two diverging continental plates",
"two converging continental plates"
] | D | |
pubmedqa_22 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
of chronic air pollution exposure in relation to mortality in the nurses β health study. journal of the royal statistical society series c applied statistics. 2018 ; 67 ( 2 ) : 307 - 327. methods for implementation and prevention science ritz j, spiegelman d. equivalence of conditional and marginal regression mod... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
mmlu_aux_3374 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##it yongchaiyudh in thailand. there was a general rise in anti - western sentiment, with george soros and the imf in particular singled out as targets of criticisms. heavy u. s. investment in thailand ended, replaced by mostly european investment, though japanese investment was sustained. islamic and other separ... | [
"to have a downturn",
"to develop as usual",
"to develop more rapidly",
"all of the above"
] | A | null |
aquarat_44448 | aquarat | <ctx>
is like random coin flipping. the chance of heads is 50 %, no matter what has happened before. 31. 34 31. 35
2, b2 ( high ) = b2. there are several cases : the other bidder bids b2 < b1. then, his expected gain is 1 / 2 ( the probability that bidder 2 has a low signal ) times βb2 ( since in that case he wins a w... | [
"A)33.33%",
"B)35%",
"C)27.75%",
"D)35.75%"
] | A | SP = CP + g
200 SP = 200 CP + 50 SP
150 SP = 200 CP
150 --- 50 CP
100 --- ? => 33.33%
Answer: A |
mmlu_aux_3210 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
34. 1 cosmology and particle physics learning objectives by the end of this section, you will be able to : β’ discuss the expansion of the universe. β’ explain the big bang. look at the sky on some clear night when you are away from city lights. there you will see thousands of individual stars and a faint glowing b... | [
"Karl Glazebrook",
"Ivan Baldry",
"Johns Hopkins",
"Mark Fairchild"
] | D | null |
pubmedqa_335 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
h., rivier j., vasopressor receptor antagonist prevents behavioural effects of vasopressin. nature, 1981, 291, 491 β 493. sutton r. e., koob g. e., le moal m., rivier j., vale w. corticotropin releasing factor produces behavioural activation in rats. nature, 1982, 297, 332 β 333. tassin j. p., simon h., herve d.,... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | B |
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