id string | dataset string | question string | options list | answer string | explanation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
aquarat_24737 | aquarat | <ctx>
5 % and can be ignored. ( c ) 0. 2238 m = [ ag + ] = 7. 4 10 – 3 m. check : the condition is satisfied. ( d ) [ oh – ] = 2. 8 10 – 3 m ; 5. 7 10−12 m = [ zn2 + ]. check : x is less than 5 % of [ oh – ] and is, therefore, negligible. 17. ( a ) [ cl – ] = 7. 6 10−3 m check : this value is too large to drop x. there... | [
"A)7/10",
"B)11/20",
"C)13/30",
"D)17/30"
] | C | 1/2 of the small beaker is 1/10 of the large beaker.
1/10 + 1/3 = 13/30
The answer is C. |
mmlu_aux_1813 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
the federal aviation administration routinely receives alerts of solar radio bursts so that they can recognize communication problems and avoid unnecessary maintenance. when an aircraft and a ground station are aligned with the sun, high levels of noise can occur on air - control radio frequencies. this can also ... | [
"take images of the solar system",
"provide early warning of thunderstorms",
"keep track of solar activities",
"improve the communications on Earth"
] | A | null |
medmcqa_700 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the null hypothesis. it provides the foundation for various data science investigations and plays a role at different stages of the analyses such as data collection and validation, modeling related tasks, and determination of statistical significance. for example, a local restaurant might claim that the average d... | [
"Type I alpha error",
"Type II beta error",
"Gamma error",
"All of the above"
] | A | |
pubmedqa_238 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
different sized black circles were glued onto a white background. after a round of golf, forty - six golfers were asked which black circle was the size of the hole on the putting greens. the players with the overall better scores perceived the hole to be bigger than it actually is, so they chose the bigger black ... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | C | |
aquarat_13383 | aquarat | <ctx>
for the loss of their careers when the ultimate question became known. lacking a real question, the mice ( pan - dimensional beings ) decide not to go through the whole process again and instead settle for the out - of - thin - air suggestion " how many roads must a man walk down? ", a lyric from bob dylan's song... | [
"A)12",
"B)16",
"C)20",
"D)27"
] | D | In the first 2 hours Lionel at the rate of 3 miles per hour covered distance=rate*time=3*2=6 miles. So, the distance between him and Walt was 48-6=42 miles when Walt left his house. Now, their combined rate to cover this distance was 3+3=6 miles per hour, hence they will meet (they will cover that distance) in time=dis... |
medmcqa_8690 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ised mice by james g. fox and craig l. franklin in two separate laboratories in 1999. the mice suffered from irritable bowel syndrome, which was caused by h. typhlonius, but the mechanism of the infection was unknown. polymerase chain reaction ( pcr ) was used to copy the dna sequence of the bacteria to be exam... | [
"About 50% of world population affected",
"85% of population is affected, in some developing countries",
"All children in developing countries have immunity by five years of age",
"Infection is common in low socio-economic status"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., All children in developing countries have immunity by five years of age(Ref: Harrison, 16th/e, p. 886,19th/e, p. 1038; Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 400)* Duodenal ulcer (80%) and Gastric ulcer (60%) are associated with H. pylori.* Gastric adenocarcinoma, gastric MALT lymphoma, Autoimmune gastritis, Hyper... |
qasc_7677 | qasc | <ctx>
( ) animals wild animals banded mongoose females regularly mate with their fathers and brothers. bed bugs : north carolina state university found that bedbugs, in contrast to most other insects, tolerate incest and are able to genetically withstand the effects of inbreeding quite well. common fruit fly females pr... | [
"food and shelter",
"it needs them",
"to have young",
"genetic diversity"
] | C | |
arc_challenge_861 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
vertebra from brazil with a spinosaurid tooth embedded in it reported by buffetaut and colleagues confirmed that the latter were not exclusively piscivorous. a 2005 beam - theory study by the palaeontologist francois therrien and colleagues was unable to reconstruct force profiles of baryonyx, but found that the ... | [
"height of the dinosaur.",
"type of food the dinosaur ate.",
"length of the dinosaur.",
"skin color of the dinosaur."
] | D | |
aquarat_27391 | aquarat | <ctx>
of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 − p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ... | [
"A)Rs. 850",
"B)Rs. 900",
"C)Rs. 800",
"D)Rs. 910"
] | A | Sol We have, A : Rs.1U2D
Let the pr xnpal be R5 x
Then mterest u — 12 : wzo — x
Therefore, by u xglurmula.
_umxx
’ Rx’: (
, _ma>< 1nzn—xv
\4Ve|\a\e,Jc— 5“
:> ~(:51DD—S*(or6x:51UU
or, J: : w 350
. The sum of money burrowed : Rs. 850
A) |
aquarat_20775 | aquarat | <ctx>
heart or diamond ) or a black card ( club or spade ) will be drawn. when a and b are mutually exclusive,. to find the probability of drawing a red card or a club, for example, add together the probability of drawing a red card and the probability of drawing a club. in a standard 52 - card deck, there are twenty -... | [
"A)32",
"B)48",
"C)64",
"D)96"
] | C | We may have 1 black and 2 non black or 2 black and 1 non black or 3 black
Required number of ways = (3C1 x 6C2) + (3C2 x 6C1) + 3C3
= [3 x (6x5)/(2x1)] + [(3x2)/(2x1) x 6] + 1 = 45 +18 + 1 = 64.
Answer C. |
medmcqa_252 | medmcqa | <ctx>
new spore method approved is the " rapid spore assay ". this is based on commercial rapid assay systems, detects spores directly and not just viable microorganisms and gives results in 5 hours instead of 72 hours. challenges it is also long been recognized that spacecraft cleaning rooms harbour polyextremophiles ... | [
"Bacillus Anthracis",
"Clostridia",
"Corynebacterium",
"Peptostreptococcus"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Clostridia There are two medically impoant spore forming bacteria. Both of them are 'gram positive' `bacilli' :-Aerobic : BacillusAnaerobic (obligate anaerobes) : Clostridia. |
qasc_428 | qasc | <ctx>
to describe what happens. notably, in order to deflect a test particle from its geodesic path, an external force must be applied. a chair someone is sitting on applies an external upwards force preventing the person from falling freely towards the center of the earth and thus following a geodesic, which they woul... | [
"speed",
"Joules",
"Energy.",
"Weight"
] | D | |
medmcqa_5701 | medmcqa | <ctx>
these include a thickening of the basement membrane, a widening of the slit membranes of the podocytes, an increase in the number of mesangial cells, and an increase in mesangial matrix. this matrix invades the glomerular capillaries and produces deposits called kimmelstiel - wilson nodules. the mesangial cells a... | [
"80 mg%",
"100 mg%",
"180 mg/dl",
"200 mg%"
] | C | |
medmcqa_6869 | medmcqa | <ctx>
to a general population of cases may yet be successful for a proportion of cases with particular genetic profiles. " personalized onco - genomics " is the application of personalized medicine to cancer genomics, or " oncogenomics ". high - throughput sequencing methods are used to characterize genes associated wi... | [
"It is an antibody produced entirely from mouse containing no human component",
"It is a monoclonal antibody produced by injecting her-2 antigen",
"Injection of herceptin increases antibody response",
"The protein HER 2/Neu is expressed in increased amount by breast cancer cells"
] | B | It is a monoclonal antibody produced by injecting HER-2 antigen; 'cl' i.e., The protein HER2/NEU is expressed in increased amount by breast cancer cells Cancer cells express ceain antigen on their surface. These antigens can be made the target of chemotherapies. Specific antibodies have been developed against these cel... |
aquarat_46505 | aquarat | <ctx>
half - life of the β decay of rb - 87 is 4. 7 1010 y. ) answer : 3. 7 109 y 21. 3 • radioactive decay 1041
4. 3 • partial derivatives 343 in for trouble at the last part of my speech dealing with the age of the earth, where my views conflicted with his. to my relief, kelvin fell fast asleep, but as i came to the... | [
"A)x + 10",
"B)x + 5",
"C)x + 8",
"D)x – 5"
] | C | let his age be a. a-4=a/2 hence a=8. 8 years hence, a =x+8
Answer C |
mmlu_aux_2104 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
earth ’ s surface, a high tide is created on the side of earth nearest to the moon, where the moon ’ s gravitational pull is strongest. why is there also a high tide on the opposite side of earth? the answer is that earth is pulled toward the moon more than the water on the far side, because earth is closer to th... | [
"so there is a low tide.",
"so the water there doesn't bunch up",
"but it can still make a high tide.",
"because the Earth's gravity there is greater."
] | C | null |
medmcqa_9698 | medmcqa | <ctx>
inreda ap is scheduled for release in 2023. approaches medical equipment the medical equipment approach involves combining a continuous glucose monitor and an implanted insulin pump that can function together with a computer - controlled algorithm to replace the normal function of the pancreas. the development of... | [
"Insulin glargine",
"Insulin Lispro",
"Insulin aspart",
"Insulin glulisine"
] | A | ANSWER: (A) Insulin glargineREF: Pharmacology ReCap 2.0 for Bachelor of Dentistry Students by Dr. J. G. Buch page 304, Harrison s 18m ed chapter 344INSULINS:Highly purifiedmono-componentinsulinPorcine Actrapid- RegularShort actingPorcine Monotard- LenteIntermediate actingPorcine Insulatard- NPH Porcine Mixtard30% regul... |
mmlu_aux_4981 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
a weather satellite or meteorological satellite is a type of earth observation satellite that is primarily used to monitor the weather and climate of the earth. satellites can be polar orbiting ( covering the entire earth asynchronously ), or geostationary ( hovering over the same spot on the equator ). while pri... | [
"in space",
"in the atmosphere",
"above the ground",
"above space"
] | A | null |
mmlu_aux_1759 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
bi - directional, if one species had a net gain in carbon, and if more carbon was transferred through the soil pathway or common mycorrhizal network ( cmn ). cmns occur when fungal mycelia link roots of plants together. the researchers followed seedlings of paper birch and douglas - fir in a greenhouse for 8 mont... | [
"don't live a passive life",
"can feel pain when they are cut",
"can warn the other leaves about danger",
"can talk with each other"
] | A | null |
aquarat_4829 | aquarat | <ctx>
##0 = d. then γ an integer and γ = 1 γ ≤ 0 the value of is. to begin with, we shall simplify matters by concentrating a particular value of and generalise the result at a later stage. we shall use the value. the indicial equation has a root at, and we see from the recurrence relation that when that that denominat... | [
"A)0",
"B)1",
"C)2",
"D)3"
] | B | 5^1x5^1/2x5^3+5^-3/2 = 5^(a+2)
5^3/2x5^3+5^-3/2
5^9/2+5^-3/2
5^6/2
5^3 = 5^(a+2)
now, 3 = a+2
a=1
ANSWER:B |
mmlu_aux_3558 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
viewer's eyes. according to this theory, the object being viewed is considered to be a compilation of an infinite number of points, from which rays of light are projected. light and color theory in the book of optics, al - haytham hypothesized the existence of primary and secondary light, with primary light being... | [
"The sun and the moon",
"The stars and the earth",
"The sun and the stars",
"The moon and the earth"
] | C | null |
aquarat_22171 | aquarat | <ctx>
< 2465 * 5 x = 4 98 56 y = ( 2460 + x ) * x = 2464 * 4 = 9856 00 00 algorithm terminates : answer = 12. 34 binary numeral system ( base 2 ) this section uses the formalism from the digit - by - digit calculation section above, with the slight variation that we let, with each or. we iterate all, from down to, and ... | [
"A)0.01",
"B)0.02",
"C)0.03",
"D)0.1"
] | C | Rounding off the values:
x = 13.17
y = 7.50
z = 11.58
A = 13.17 + 7.50 + 11.58 = 32.25
x + y + z = 13.165 + 7.496 + 11.575 = 32.206
B = 32.21
A - B = 0.03
Option C |
aquarat_41871 | aquarat | <ctx>
. 98 10. 99 10. 100
joshi claims fdi will help the farm sector improve critical infrastructure and integrate farmer - consumer relationship. today, the existing retail has not been able to supply fresh vegetables to the consumers because they have not invested in the backward integration. when the farmers'produc... | [
"A)12 2/7%",
"B)13 2/7%",
"C)14 2/7%",
"D)15 2/7%"
] | C | Explanation:
So before solving this question we will get the C.P. and S.P. of 1 article to get the gain percent.
C.P. of 1 orange = 350/100 = Rs 3.50
S.P. of one orange = 48/12 = Rs 4 [note: divided by 12 as 1 dozen contains 12 items]
Gain = 4 - 3.50 = Rs 0.50
Gain%=0.50/ 3.50∗100=100 /7%=14 2/7%
Option C |
medmcqa_5807 | medmcqa | <ctx>
) can remove cholesterol again. if, however, a certain amount of ldl accumulates locally on the vascular wall and cannot be removed, part of the immune system causes inflammatory reactions that lead to atherosclerosis. in this way, early - stage atherosclerosis could be reversed if the ldl blood level ( and blood... | [
"Deposition of lipids on vessels",
"Necrosis of Vessels",
"Does not involve small aerioles",
"It is an inflammatory response to endothelial injury"
] | C | Atherosclerosis plaques develop inElastic aeries (aoa, carotid & iliac aeries )Large and medium-size aeries ( coronary & popliteal aeries )Systemic atherosclerosis - aeries supplying hea, brain, kidneys, lower extremities Consequences - Myocardial infarction , cerebral infarction, aoic aneurysms, peripheral vascular di... |
mmlu_aux_4762 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
in the absence of moon and city lights ) absolutely dark, one would not be able to see the silhouette of an object against the sky. the night sky and studies of it have a historical place in both ancient and modern cultures. in the past, for instance, farmers have used the state of the night sky as a calendar to ... | [
"bad weather",
"fine weather",
"rainy weather",
"windy weather"
] | B | null |
qasc_7848 | qasc | <ctx>
9. 3 • stoichiometry of gaseous substances, mixtures, and reactions 447 figure 9. 24 greenhouse gases trap enough of the sun ’ s energy to make the planet habitable — this is known as the greenhouse effect. human activities are increasing greenhouse gas levels, warming the planet and causing more extreme weather ... | [
"storms",
"oil",
"cars",
"coal"
] | D | |
medmcqa_583 | medmcqa | <ctx>
spreading chinese medicine culture in ukraine award " for making outstanding contributions to the development of sino - ukrainian cooperation in the field of chinese medicine. textbooks clinical and laboratory immunology. national textbook / under the general editorship of professor l. v. kuznetsova, phd in medic... | [
"5-Fluorouracil",
"Methotrexate",
"Paclitaxel",
"Cisplatin"
] | A | Flurouracil is used mainly for solid malignancies,i.e colon, rectum, pancreas, liver, urinary bladder, head, and neck. Genetic deficiency of dihydropyridine dehydrogenase(DPD) leads to Fluorouracil toxicity. Major toxicity is myelosuppression, mucositis, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, peripheral neuropathy (hand-foot synd... |
aquarat_18865 | aquarat | <ctx>
that somebody secretly rolls two fair six - sided dice, and we wish to compute the probability that the face - up value of the first one is 2, given the information that their sum is no greater than 5. let d1 be the value rolled on die 1. let d2 be the value rolled on die 2. probability that d1 = 2 table 1 shows ... | [
"A)4/5",
"B)1/3",
"C)2/4",
"D)1/5"
] | B | Out of the 6 possible numbers that may rolled, 3 are even: 2, 4 and 6 BUT only 4 and 6 are greater than 2. Hence the probability that the number rolled is an even number greater than 2 is given by
(number of even numbers greater than 2) / 6 = 2 / 6 = 1 / 3
correct answer B |
mmlu_aux_4641 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
genetics is the study of genes and tries to explain what they are and how they work. genes are how living organisms inherit features or traits from their ancestors ; for example, children usually look like their parents because they have inherited their parents'genes. genetics tries to identify which traits are i... | [
"In 1680.",
"In 1860.",
"In 1953.",
"In 1961."
] | B | null |
medmcqa_7551 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a healthy diet, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight and not smoking. sometimes medication for diabetes, high cholesterol, or high blood pressure are also used. there is limited evidence for screening people who are at low risk and do not have symptoms. treatment involves the same measures as prevention... | [
"Verapamnil",
"Diltiazem",
"Flunarizine",
"Amlodipine"
] | C | Ref -KDT 6/e p172 Flunarizine, sold under the brand name Sibelium among others, is a drug classified as a calcium antagonist which is used for various indications. It is not available by prescription in the United States or Japan. The drug was discovered at Janssen Pharmaceutica in 1968 |
aquarat_11370 | aquarat | <ctx>
rises to 4. 4 %. march 24 – apple computer releases the mac os x next - generation operating system, with version 10. 0. it goes on to be the second - most used desktop operating system with a market share of roughly 10 percent. march 25 – the 73rd academy awards, hosted by steve martin, are held at shrine audito... | [
"A)Thursday",
"B)Friday",
"C)Saturday",
"D)Sunday"
] | A | 2004 is a leap year that means 29 days in feb.
so march 11,2003 to march 11, 2004 will be 366 days.
366/7=52 weeks + 2 days. Hence Thursday
ANSWER:A |
medmcqa_4369 | medmcqa | <ctx>
to a general population of cases may yet be successful for a proportion of cases with particular genetic profiles. " personalized onco - genomics " is the application of personalized medicine to cancer genomics, or " oncogenomics ". high - throughput sequencing methods are used to characterize genes associated wi... | [
"Shows better response in combination with paclitaxel",
"Used in metastatic breast cancer",
"Causes upregulation of HER2/neu",
"Do not causes bone marrow toxicity"
] | C | Causes upregulation of HER2/neu REF: Lippincott's pharmacology 6th edition 653, Goodman & Gillman's 11'1' edition page 901, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trastuzumab "It has been suggested that trastuzumab induces some of its effect by downregulation of HER2/neu not upregulation" Trastuzumab: Herceptin (Trastuzumab) is ... |
qasc_7611 | qasc | <ctx>
in all fields of electrical engineering, power conversion is the process of converting electric energy from one form to another. a power converter is an electrical or electro - mechanical device for converting electrical energy. a power converter can convert alternating current ( ac ) into direct current ( dc ) a... | [
"ears",
"organ",
"radios",
"pencils"
] | C | |
aquarat_4264 | aquarat | <ctx>
formula till gate 2012 ( and year 2013 - 14 of the 2 - year validity period of gate 2013 score ), the score was calculated using the formula : gate score = where, m = marks obtained by the candidate, a = average of marks of all candidates who appeared in that subject, in that year, with marks less than zero conve... | [
"A)233/3",
"B)233/8",
"C)233/1",
"D)233/2"
] | A | Required average = [(76 * 16) - (75 * 10)] / 6
= (1216 - 750)/6 = 466/3
= 233 /3.
Answer: A |
arc_easy_1164 | arc_easy | <ctx>
2. 5 the periodic table the discovery of the periodic recurrence of similar properties among the elements led to the formulation of the periodic table, in which the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number in rows known as periods and columns known as groups. elements in the same group of the pe... | [
"have the same number of protons.",
"share the same atomic structure.",
"have similar physical characteristics.",
"share the same number of neutrons."
] | C | |
medmcqa_6940 | medmcqa | <ctx>
cancer, lung cancer, and clonal hematopoiesis. three studies over nearly a decade demonstrated the power of the population datasets in iceland by showing that both common and rare variants linked to increased nicotine addiction and the number of cigarettes smoked per day were also a risk factor for lung cancer an... | [
"Smoking",
"Nickel industry worker",
"Mustard gas exposure",
"Wood workers"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Wood workers * Paranasal sinus cancer is uncommon and represents only 0.2 to 0.8% of all malignancies.* Cancer of paranasal sinus constitutes 3% of all carcinomas of the aerodigestive tract.* The majority of paranasal sinus malignancies (50-80%) originate within the maxillary sinus antrum. Malignancie... |
qasc_529 | qasc | <ctx>
its surroundings. food industry and synthetic chemistry evaporators are often used to concentrate a solution. one example is the climbing / falling film plate evaporator, which is used to make condensed milk. similarly, reduction ( cooking ) is a process of evaporating liquids from a solution to produce a " reduc... | [
"soil",
"salts",
"Water",
"vapors"
] | C | |
medmcqa_7298 | medmcqa | <ctx>
personal or family history of bipolar disorder. a significant number of ppp cases, however, occur in individuals with no prior history of psychosis. ( for this reason, first - time pregnancy is itself sometimes considered to be a risk factor for ppp. ) a review of pregnancy - related complications demonstrated so... | [
"Increase in blood viscosity",
"Fall in serum iron concentration",
"Increase in serum iron binding capacity",
"Increase in blood oxygen carrying capacity"
] | A | During pregnancy there is a dispropoionate increase in plasma and RBC volume which produces a state of hemodilution during pregnancy. During pregnancy plasma volume increases upto 50%. RBC volume increases to the extend of 20-30%. The advantages of hemodilution are: Diminished blood viscosity ensures optimum gaseous ex... |
medmcqa_1901 | medmcqa | <ctx>
secondary spectrum of par - axial rays ; consequently, spherical aberration must be eliminated for two colors, and if this be impossible, then it must be eliminated for those particular wavelengths which are most effectual for the instrument in question ( a graphical representation of this error is given in m. vo... | [
"It is synthetic non -- steroidal contraceptive",
"The only side effect is oligomenorrhoea",
"Safe in liver disease",
"Can be used as post -- coital pill"
] | C | Safe in liver disease |
openbookqa_272 | openbookqa | <ctx>
elk, the primary prey of the gray wolf, became less abundant and changed their behavior, freeing riparian zones from constant grazing. the respite allowed willows and aspens to grow, creating habitat for beaver, moose, and scores of other species. in addition to the effects on prey species, the gray wolf's presen... | [
"have fur",
"howl",
"have claws",
"have tails"
] | C | |
medmcqa_5497 | medmcqa | <ctx>
personal or family history of bipolar disorder. a significant number of ppp cases, however, occur in individuals with no prior history of psychosis. ( for this reason, first - time pregnancy is itself sometimes considered to be a risk factor for ppp. ) a review of pregnancy - related complications demonstrated so... | [
"Cushing syndrome",
"Adrenal adenoma",
"Adrenal hyperplasia",
"Chronic CCF"
] | D | Chronic CCF will lead to low GFR. The subsequent activation of RAAS will lead to increased renin and secondary aldosteronism. Causes of primary hyperaldosteronism : Conn syndrome (adrenal adenoma): 60% Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (Micronodular): 60% Cushing syndrome Syndrome of apparent mineralocoicoid excess Adrenoc... |
medmcqa_7626 | medmcqa | <ctx>
overall. moreover, there is no one reason why some cp cases come from prenatal brain damage, and it is not known if those cases have a genetic basis. cerebellar hypoplasia is sometimes genetic and can cause ataxic cerebral palsy. early childhood after birth, other causes include toxins, severe jaundice, lead pois... | [
"Pseudomembranous colitis",
"Nosocomical diarrhea",
"Gas gangrene",
"Food poisoning"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pseudomembranous colitis & 'b' i.e., Nosocomical diarrhea * Cl difficle causes Clostridium difficle - associated diseases (CDAD).* CDAD is the most commonly diagnosed diarrheal illness acquired in the hospital.* C. difficle is acquired exogenously, most frequently in the hospital.* C. difficle is the ... |
qasc_6641 | qasc | <ctx>
are prone to disregard the maup when drawing inferences from statistics based on aggregated data. maup is closely related to the topic of ecological fallacy and ecological bias ( arbia, 1988 ). ecological bias caused by maup has been documented as two separate effects that usually occur simultaneously during the ... | [
"that material's properties",
"our landscape",
"balance of the environment",
"death and devastation"
] | C | |
medmcqa_9427 | medmcqa | <ctx>
podiatry ( ), or podiatric medicine ( ), also known as chiropody, is a branch of medicine devoted to the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders of the foot, and ankle. the healthcare professional is known as a podiatrist. the us podiatric medical school curriculum includes lower extremity anatomy, general h... | [
"Talus",
"Navicular",
"Cunieform",
"Calcaneum"
] | D | *Calcaneum is the most commonly fractured tarsal bone. ref : maheswari 9th ed |
arc_challenge_915 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
& walters m ( 2012 ) extinct birds. a & c black ( poyser imprint ). 544 pp. hume j p ( 2011 ) systematics, morphology, and ecology of pigeons and doves ( aves : columbidae ) of the mascarene islands, with three new species. zootaxa 3124 : 1 – 62. rijsdijk, k f, zinke j, de louw p g b, hume j p ( 11 more authors )... | [
"a decrease in the availability of food",
"a decrease in populations of predators",
"an increase in suitable nesting locations",
"an increase in places to hide from danger"
] | A | |
aquarat_18553 | aquarat | <ctx>
had a loose wheel and we battled back from that and then you speed on the last stop – you can ’ t win if you speed on the last stop. that ’ s all there is to it. ( nascar ) told us that we were speeding in section five – our pit box is in section five. you can ’ t speed if you ’ re stopped on pit road. maybe they... | [
"A)25%",
"B)50%",
"C)75%",
"D)100%"
] | A | John and Karen begin running at opposite ends of a trail until they meet somewhere in between their starting points. They each run at their respective constant rates until John gets a cramp and stops. If Karen runs 50% faster than John, who is only able to cover 25% of the distance r before he stops, what percent longe... |
aquarat_26829 | aquarat | <ctx>
in the square, in such a way that each point in the square is equally likely to be hit. since the square has area 1, the probability that the dart will hit any particular subregion of the square is equal to the area of that subregion. for example, the probability that the dart will hit the right half of the squar... | [
"A)0.125",
"B)0.25",
"C)0.75",
"D)0.375"
] | D | Total number of ways in which H or T can appear in 3 tosses of coin is
= 2 * 2 * 2 = 8 ways
For 2 T and 1 H
Thus probability is
= P(HTT) + P(TTH) + P(THT)
= 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8
= 3/8
= .375
Answer : D |
qasc_2392 | qasc | <ctx>
paper is a thin sheet material produced by mechanically or chemically processing cellulose fibres derived from wood, rags, grasses, or other vegetable sources in water, draining the water through a fine mesh leaving the fibre evenly distributed on the surface, followed by pressing and drying. although paper was o... | [
"deforestation",
"destroying trees",
"Dehydration",
"kill them"
] | B | |
aquarat_1422 | aquarat | <ctx>
zinc and its ability to attract oxidation to itself makes it an efficient sacrificial anode in cathodic protection ( cp ). for example, cathodic protection of a buried pipeline can be achieved by connecting anodes made from zinc to the pipe. zinc acts as the anode ( negative terminus ) by slowly corroding away as... | [
"A)2.4 kg or 80%",
"B)4.8 kg or 80%",
"C)3.4 kg or 60%",
"D)7.4 kg or 18%"
] | B | Right Answer Explanation:
x : 6
y : 100
90
10 : 90 – y
(90-y)/6 = 10/x = ………..(1)
In the second case,
x 4
y 90
84
6 84-y
Therefore (84-y)/4 = 6/x ………..(2)
Dividing (1) and (2)
=
540 – 6y = 1260 – 15y
9y = 720
y = 80
x = 60/(90-80) = 60/10 = 6 kg
Quantity of zinc in x = 80% of x
= 0.8 6
= 4.8 kg
Weight and percentage of... |
qasc_6676 | qasc | <ctx>
a plasma display panel ( pdp ) is a type of flat panel display that uses small cells containing plasma : ionized gas that responds to electric fields. plasma televisions were the first large ( over 32 inches diagonal ) flat panel displays to be released to the public. until about 2007, plasma displays were common... | [
"hot",
"fungible",
"cell",
"gas"
] | A | |
medmcqa_1311 | medmcqa | <ctx>
was evaluated in study jzp458 - 201 ( nct04145531 ), an open - label, multi - cohort, multicenter trial in 102 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoblastic lymphoma with hypersensitivity to e. coli - derived asparaginase as a component of a multi - agent chemotherapeutic regimen. the median age was... | [
"3 mg/ ml",
"8 mg/ ml",
"10 mg/ml",
"13 mg/ml"
] | A | Ans. A: 3 mg/ml Tobramycin works by binding to a site on the bacterial 30S and 50S ribosome, preventing formation of the 70S complex. As a result, mRNA cannot be translated into protein and cell death ensues. Sterile Tobramycin Ophtha Solution (eye-drops) contains tobramycin concentration of 0.3%. It is mixed with 0.01... |
mmlu_aux_5326 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
of other objects in the sky, though varying thicknesses of cloud cover have differing effects. a very thin cirrus cloud in front of the moon might produce a rainbow - colored ring around the moon. stars and planets are too small or dim to take on this effect and are instead only dimmed ( often to the point of inv... | [
"There is little air without light and colors in the sky.",
"The sky will look red, orange and other colors at noon.",
"The sky has only one color when the sun rises and falls.",
"The sky is dark blue if you go to the top of the highest mountains."
] | D | null |
aquarat_45509 | aquarat | <ctx>
area is the measure of a region's size on a surface. the area of a plane region or plane area refers to the area of a shape or planar lamina, while surface area refers to the area of an open surface or the boundary of a three - dimensional object. area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thic... | [
"A)1220 m^2",
"B)1520 m^2",
"C)2520 m^2",
"D)2600 m^2"
] | C | We have: (l - b) = 23 and 2(l + b) = 206 or (l + b) = 103.
Solving the two equations, we get: l = 63 and b = 40.
Area = (l x b) = (63 x 40) m2 = 2520 m^2
C |
medmcqa_3457 | medmcqa | <ctx>
chemicals on the market are listed in the tsca inventory. though tasked with protecting the public from dangerous and potentially carcinogenic substances, some 62, 000 chemicals were never tested by the epa because they were " grandfathered in and statutorily not considered an " unreasonable risk. " without testi... | [
"Arsenic",
"Asbestos",
"Dioxin",
"Radium"
] | D | Many chemicals can, when properly used, significantly contribute to the improvement of our quality of life, health and well-being. But other chemicals are highly hazardous and can negatively affect our health and environment when improperly managed.10 chemicals or groups of chemicals of major public health concern are:... |
pubmedqa_817 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
the probability that an event will occur. in epidemiology, it is most often used to express the probability that a particular outcome will occur following a particular exposure. " different populations are considered " high - risk " or " low - risk " groups for various diseases due to the probability of that part... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
openbookqa_1082 | openbookqa | <ctx>
are formed of the eroded igneous rocks formed during these orogenies ( mountain - building periods ). the british geological survey lists snowdonia and the lake district as having extremely large volcanic eruptions around 450 ma ( million years ago ), edinburgh castle lying upon the remains of a volcano dating ba... | [
"on top of a glacier",
"somewhere in the Internet",
"on a mountain top",
"deep within the earth"
] | D | |
arc_easy_10 | arc_easy | <ctx>
the history of agricultural science is a sub - field of the history of agriculture which looks at the scientific advancement of techniques and understanding of agriculture. early study of organic production in botanical gardens was continued in with agricultural experiment stations in several countries. fertilize... | [
"plant decomposition",
"radioactive decay",
"water erosion",
"wind erosion"
] | A | |
pubmedqa_119 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
music. this perspective is different from the traditional approach to music cognition, which bases musical meaning on merely perception - based analysis of musical structure. through the measurement of sounds, movement, human physiology, and computational modeling, embodied music cognition is constantly building ... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
arc_easy_1259 | arc_easy | <ctx>
bats have a high thermal conductivity. the wings are filled with blood vessels, and lose body heat when extended. at rest, they may wrap their wings around themselves to trap a layer of warm air. smaller bats generally have a higher metabolic rate than larger bats, and so need to consume more food in order to mai... | [
"sweating",
"shivering",
"blinking",
"salivating"
] | B | |
medmcqa_9758 | medmcqa | <ctx>
hemangioma is large it can cause abdominal pain, a sense of fullness in right upper abdominal area, heart problems, and coagulation dysfunction. cavernous hemangiomas are diagnosed with medical imaging ( do not usually need biopsy to confirm diagnosis ). given their benign course and often asymptomatic nature, ca... | [
"Submucous",
"Intramural",
"Subserous",
"Cervical"
] | B | Intramural |
pubmedqa_134 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
of chronic air pollution exposure in relation to mortality in the nurses ’ health study. journal of the royal statistical society series c applied statistics. 2018 ; 67 ( 2 ) : 307 - 327. methods for implementation and prevention science ritz j, spiegelman d. equivalence of conditional and marginal regression mod... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
medmcqa_8455 | medmcqa | <ctx>
this is a tree's leaf. " b. noun ( head word ) + adjective ( attribute ) tau loek pot black " ， black pot " zuu fans veengs kaeu one classifier shirt / top white " 一 白 上 ， one white shirt " noms neix noms ghan. water this water cold " 水 水 ， this water ( is ) cold water. " c. noun ( head word ) + pronoun ( attribu... | [
"Separated from the epiglottis by glossoepiglottic folds",
"Contains foramen caecum which is present on the dorsum of frenulum",
"Contains 6 — 10 circumvallate papilla located posterior to sulcus terminals",
"Embryologically derives from 1st branchial arch only"
] | A | |
openbookqa_2170 | openbookqa | <ctx>
472, issue, 2195, pp. 20160749. s. z. ali and s. dey ( 2016 ). " hydrodynamics of sediment threshold ". physics of fluids, american institute of physics, vol. 28, no. 7, pp. 075103. s. dey and r. das ( 2012 ). " gravel - bed hydrodynamics : a double - averaging approach ". journal of hydraulic engineering, americ... | [
"water will flow backwards",
"bugs will eat rocks",
"sand will be stacked",
"streams will be orange"
] | C | |
qasc_1355 | qasc | <ctx>
in size from the tiniest one - celled bacteria, algae, fungi, and protozoa, to the more complex nematodes and micro - arthropods, to the visible earthworms, insects, small vertebrates, and plants. as these organisms eat, grow, and move through the soil, they make it possible to have clean water, clean air, health... | [
"deposit feeders",
"more abundant",
"grounders",
"agriculture"
] | A | |
aquarat_32873 | aquarat | <ctx>
x, 525. readings in canadian real estate, with g. arbuckle, 3rd ed., toronto : captus university publications, 1997. pp. xi, 486. australian business statistics, with a. selvanathan, s. selvanathan, g. keller, and b. warrack. south melbourne, victoria : thomas nelson australia, 1994. pp. xi, 855. statistics for m... | [
"A)Rs.19",
"B)Rs.18",
"C)Rs.16",
"D)Rs.5"
] | B | Average price per book
= (1150 + 920) / (65 + 50) = 2070 / 115 = Rs.18
Answer:B |
aquarat_11747 | aquarat | <ctx>
that space and is the body obtained by stretching in all directions by the factor then the volume of equals times the volume of. this is a direct consequence of the change of variables formula : where and the substitution was made. another proof of the above relation, which avoids multi - dimensional integration,... | [
"A)4",
"B)7",
"C)8",
"D)16"
] | C | 49 × 49 × 49 × 49 = 7?
or, 7(2) × 7(2) × 7(2) × 7(2) = 7?
or 7(8) = 7? or, ? = 8
Answer C |
openbookqa_3243 | openbookqa | <ctx>
density ( in watts per metre square ) from a field of view of 180 degrees. a ceilometer is a device that uses a laser or other light source to determine the height of a cloud base. ceilometers can also be used to measure the aerosol concentration within the atmosphere. a ceiling balloon is used by meteorologists ... | [
"measuring distance",
"creating rain",
"measuring dampness",
"enjoying nature"
] | C | |
openbookqa_2931 | openbookqa | <ctx>
in biology and ecology, a resource is a substance or object in the environment required by an organism for normal growth, maintenance, and reproduction. resources box can be consumed by one organism and, as a result, become unavailable to another organism. for plants key resources are light, nutrients, water, and... | [
"support",
"nutriment",
"toys",
"plastic"
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_3909 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
in earth's energy balance along with related global and regional changes in climate, the biosphere and biogeochemistry. the atmosphere and ocean are linked because of evaporation and precipitation as well as thermal flux ( and solar insolation ). recent studies have advanced knowledge on ocean acidification, ocea... | [
"organisms living near the surface are more sensitive to pH changes",
"ocean life whose structures contain calcium carbonate may be affected",
"the waters' pH value will become higher and higher",
"some disastrous events will occur more often than before"
] | B | null |
aquarat_45586 | aquarat | <ctx>
- ( 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + 32 + 64 + 128 ) | 1 + 2 + 4... = formula for geometric sequence sn = a1 * ( q ^ i - 1 ) / ( n - 1 ), n is number of items, a1 is first item on = 8 * n - 1 * ( 2 ^ 8 - 1 ) / ( 2 - 1 ) on = 8 * n - ( 2 ^ 8 - 1 ) | 2 ^ 8 = n on = 8 * n - ( n - 1 ) on = ( 8 - 1 ) * n + 1 | 8 = ln ( n ) / ln (... | [
"A)10 & 19",
"B)8 & 17",
"C)9 & 18",
"D)11 & 20"
] | A | 1+3=4
4+3=7
7+3=10
10+3=13
13+3=16
16+3=19
ANSWER:A |
aquarat_16644 | aquarat | <ctx>
... 6665, 6666 }. start with initial guess 1122. ( knuth gives examples showing that this algorithm using first guesses other than " two pair " ; such as 1111, 1112, 1123, or 1234 ; does not win in five tries on every code. ) play the guess to get a response of colored and white key pegs. if the response is four ... | [
"A)a.1",
"B)b.3",
"C)c.4",
"D)d.7"
] | C | 2n+5m=55
try with n=5 and m=8 the equation will be satisfied
2(5)+5(9)=55
so difference between M and N is 4,
Answer C |
medmcqa_6943 | medmcqa | <ctx>
crowns for root - treated teeth. however, recent review of literature reveals that there is no strong evidence to show that crowns are better than other routine restorations to restore root - filled teeth. the general advice is that dentists should use their clinical experience in view of the patient's preference... | [
"Removal of decay has exposed the pulp",
"A tooth has a Larger long-standing lesion with a history of continuous pain",
"The carious lesion has just penetrated the dentinoenamel junction",
"The carious lesion is suspected of producing an exposure of the pulp"
] | D | |
qasc_2551 | qasc | <ctx>
. g. more submissively when exposed to the urine of a more dominant crab, or more boldly when exposed to the urine of a subdominant individual ). when individuals are unable to communicate through urine, fights may be longer and more unpredictable. applications of chemical ecology pest control chemical ecology ha... | [
"koalas",
"bacteria",
"humans",
"dogs"
] | D | |
openbookqa_2642 | openbookqa | <ctx>
once. generally speaking, a function produces output data based on some input data ( though both are optional, in general ). shared data could be accessed by any function at any time. if data can be changed by any function ( and none keep track of those changes ), there is no guarantee to those that share a datum... | [
"A higher power",
"God",
"Magic",
"the pacific's bottom"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_5225 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
of genetics at the university of cologne, the max planck institute for evolutionary biology in plon, and the department of behavioral sciences at the university of bielefeld, 6 concluded 50 years after the mitochondria and cell nuclei snps support a separation into three species. according to their " molecular cl... | [
"the male penguins",
"the female penguins",
"both the husbands and the wives",
"the penguins that lost in the fight"
] | A | null |
qasc_2926 | qasc | <ctx>
to provide the plant with sufficient phosphorus ( miller et al. 1995 ). phosphorus fertilizer the benefits of amf are greatest in systems where inputs are low. heavy usage of phosphorus fertilizer can inhibit mycorrhizal colonization and growth. as the soil's phosphorus levels available to the plants increases, t... | [
"erosion prevention",
"reducing acid rain",
"It helps them survive",
"agriculture"
] | A | |
aquarat_2371 | aquarat | <ctx>
other coin is also gold, is. the flaw is in the last step. while those two cases were originally equally likely, the fact that you are certain to find a gold coin if you had chosen the gg box, but are only 50 % sure of finding a gold coin if you had chosen the gs box, means they are no longer equally likely given... | [
"A) 5/13",
"B) 1/2",
"C) 4/10",
"D) 3/4"
] | C | Prob of Red = 1/10
Prob of Blue = 1/2
Prob of Silver = ?
P(Silver) = 1 - P(Red) - P(Blue) ==> 1-1/10-1/2 = 4/10
Ans: C |
pubmedqa_634 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
hence will be uncorrelated with the binary variable for inclusion / exclusion in any group. ethical considerations : in double - blind and randomized controlled trials, participants are not aware that they are recipients of sham treatments and may be denied effective treatments. there is a possibility that patien... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | B | |
medmcqa_369 | medmcqa | <ctx>
your face with the digital copy of your photo in your epassport chip ". deputy comptroller of customs john secker said smartgate represented probably the biggest single development in border processing in new zealand in the past two decades. people will have a choice whether they want to use the system or go thro... | [
"India",
"England",
"USA",
"France"
] | A | Dactylography or fingerprint system or dermatoglyphics or Galton system was first used in India in 1858, by Sir William Herschel in Bengal. Sir Francis Galton systematised this in 1892. Finger print bureau was first established in Kolkata.Fingerprints are impressions of patterns formed by the papillary or epidermal rid... |
medmcqa_9626 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##phylaxis bleeding arterial and venous blood clots autoimmune thyroiditis hypothyroidism hepatitis heart failure cancer anemia decrease in white blood cells stomatitis enterocolitis gastrointestinal perforation mucositis see also list of monoclonal antibodies references further reading 2019 historical overview o... | [
"Mallory Weiss tear",
"Ulcer",
"Varices",
"Vascular ectasia"
] | D | Source of bleeding Propoion of patients, % Ulcers 31-67 Varices 6-39 Mallory Weiss tears 2-8 Gastroduodenal erosions 2-18 Erosive esophagitis 1-13 Neoplasm 2-8 Vascular ectasia 0-6 No source identified 5-15 |
openbookqa_357 | openbookqa | <ctx>
) is itself dependent on the thickness, so that the ice growth slows as the ice thickens. likewise, during melt, thinner sea ice melts faster. this leads to different behaviour between multiyear and first year ice. in addition, melt ponds on the ice surface during the melt season lower the albedo such that more s... | [
"lead to more some US states gaining surface area",
"lead to more animal species roaming the Earth",
"cause the loss of animal habitats",
"cause a boom in the polar bear population"
] | C | |
aquarat_39795 | aquarat | <ctx>
computer, with a correct answer receiving 1 point, with omitted and incorrect answers not affecting the raw score. this total is multiplied by 1. 2 to calculate the adjusted multiple - choice score. the free response section is hand - graded by hundreds of educators each june. the raw score is then added to the a... | [
"A)87",
"B)90",
"C)92",
"D)94"
] | D | Traditional Method:
Total scored till now 82*4=328
Total score to avg 86 in 6 tests = 86*6=516
Total to be scored on 2 tests = 516-328=188
Avg on 2 tests = 188/2 = 94
Answer: D |
mmlu_aux_4428 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
that wiped out the dinosaurs 66 million years ago... " we have no defense " against that ), climate change ( " a rise in ocean temperature would melt the ice caps and cause the release of large amounts of carbon dioxide... [ making ] our climate like that of venus with a temperature of " ), the threat of nuclear ... | [
"animals could not live in the cold climate.",
"what happened 65 mollion years ago was an invented story.",
"the human beings will die out in 2094",
"the Earth could be hit by other objects in space"
] | D | null |
arc_easy_789 | arc_easy | <ctx>
focused on the us ; 3 ) australasian network for ecology & transportation ( anet ), which focuses on the australasian ( sub ) continent ; and 4 ) a potential southern african road ecology conference, being considered by the endangered wildlife trust. air quality roads can have both negative and positive effects o... | [
"heart health",
"respiratory health",
"the rate of birth defects",
"weight and physical fitness"
] | B | |
aquarat_25017 | aquarat | <ctx>
suppose we have two processes — process p1 with execution time 3 and process p2 with execution time 2. the arrival time for both process p1 and process p2 is t0. the system will start with process p1 at t0 and finish at t3 and process p2 will start at time t3 to time t5, as shown in figure 6. 22. the wait time fo... | [
"A)8",
"B)4",
"C)6",
"D)12"
] | A | (A + B + C)'s 1 day work = 1/6;
(A + B)'s 1 day work = 1/8
(B + C)'s 1 day work = 1/12
(A + C)'s 1 day work = (2 * 1/6) - (1/8 + 1/12)
= (1/3 - 5/24) = 1/8
So, A and C together will do the work in 8 days.
ANSWER A |
aquarat_16343 | aquarat | <ctx>
5. 32 use rectangular, cylindrical, and spherical coordinates to set up triple integrals for finding the volume of the region inside the sphere but outside the cylinder now that we are familiar with the spherical coordinate system, let ’ s find the volume of some known geometric figures, such as spheres and ellip... | [
"A)288",
"B)48",
"C)72",
"D)864"
] | A | d=12, r=6;
Volume of the largest sphere= 4/3πr3
= 4/3 *π*6*6*6= 288πcm3 ANSWER:A |
openbookqa_1144 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##l, m., callaaghan, t. v., 2000. the arctic : environment, people, policy. harwood academic, uk. stirling, i., lunn, n. j., iacozza, j., 1999. long - term trends in the population ecology of polar bears in western hudson bay in relation to climate change. the arctic institute of north america. v. 52 no. 3, p. 29... | [
"racing",
"swimming",
"creating",
"reading"
] | B | |
aquarat_20188 | aquarat | <ctx>
positive integer y, power ( x, y ) returns x raised to y. ex : power ( 3, 4 ) returns 81. access multimedia content ( https : / / openstax. org / books / introduction - python - programming / pages / 12 - 4 - more - math - recursion ) try it recursive power ( with any integer power ) write a recursive rec _ pow (... | [
"A)5",
"B)8",
"C)7",
"D)10"
] | C | 2ab = (a(power 2) + b(power 2) - (a - b)(power 2)
= 23 - 9 = 14
ab = 7.
Answer is C. |
medmcqa_9470 | medmcqa | <ctx>
account for statistical variabilities in materials and construction methods. the symbol for a voiceless bilabial fricative in the international phonetic alphabet ( using the straight - line variant form ). in philosophy, φ is often used as shorthand for a generic act. ( also in uppercase. ) in perceptual psycholo... | [
"Rickets",
"Scurvy",
"Secondary syphilis",
"Tuberculosis"
] | B | Wimberger ring sign - seen in scurvy |
medmcqa_8981 | medmcqa | <ctx>
non - watertight outer zipper. these flaps are almost always fitted to zippers fitted diagonally across the front of the suit, and less often to rear entry cross shoulder zippers. cuff and collar extensions to the shell may be fitted to protect the seals from abrasion and tears. this is particularly useful on sui... | [
"Foley",
"Malecot",
"Gibbon",
"Red rubber"
] | D | Ans. D: Red rubber |
arc_easy_278 | arc_easy | <ctx>
ecological succession is the process of change in the species that make up an ecological community over time. the process of succession occurs either after the initial colonization of a newly created habitat, or after a disturbance substantially alters a pre - existing habitat. succession that begins in new habit... | [
"a forest fire",
"a thunderstorm",
"a high tide",
"a lunar eclipse"
] | A | |
medmcqa_3985 | medmcqa | <ctx>
are not equal, then there is evidence of uniform dif. however, if there is a nonzero interaction parameter, this is an indication of nonuniform dif. considerations sample size the first consideration pertains to issues of sample size, specifically with regard to the reference and focal groups. prior to any analys... | [
"Age specific fertility rate",
"Crude mortality rate",
"Perinatal mortality rate",
"Infant mortality rate"
] | B | Crude Mortality Rate (Crude Death Rate) is not a correct parameter to compare death rates of two populations since each population is likely to have different age compositions. Age adjustment or Age standardization is required to compare crude death rates from two different populations.
Infant Mortality Rate; Perinatal... |
medmcqa_9497 | medmcqa | <ctx>
dentinogenesis is the formation of dentin, a substance that forms the majority of teeth. dentinogenesis is performed by odontoblasts, which are a special type of biological cell on the outer wall of dental pulps, and it begins at the late bell stage of a tooth development. the different stages of dentin formation... | [
"External wall finishing",
"Pulp protection",
"Convenience form",
"Debridement and inspection"
] | C | Initial Tooth Preparation Stage
Step 1: Initial depth and outline form.
Step 2: Primary resistance form.
Step 3: Primary retention form.
Step 4: Convenience form.
Final Tooth Preparation Stage
Step 5: Removal of defective restorative material and/or soft dentin.
Step 6: Pulp protection.
Step 7: Secondary resistance ... |
aquarat_34547 | aquarat | <ctx>
suppose that at one time during a shopping trip your instantaneous velocity is 40 km / h due north. your instantaneous speed at that instant would be 40 km / h — the same magnitude but without a direction. average speed, however, is very different from average velocity. average speed is the distance traveled divi... | [
"A)8:3",
"B)3:2",
"C)4:3",
"D)2:3"
] | B | Say the rate of Bob is 3mph and he covers 6 miles then he needs 6/3=2 hours to do that.
Now, in this case the rate of Ann would be 3+3*1/3=4mph and the distance she covers would be 6*2=12 miles, so she needs 12/4=3 hours for that.
The ratio T of Ann's time to Bob's time is 3:2.
Answer: B. |
openbookqa_2145 | openbookqa | <ctx>
sabino describes a distinct pattern of white spotting in horses. in general, sabino patterning is visually recognized by roaning or irregular edges of white markings, belly spots, white extending past the eyes or onto the chin, white above the knees or hocks, and " splash " or " lacy " marks anywhere on the body.... | [
"will be dark brown",
"will be mostly white",
"will be quite bald",
"will be mostly black"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_2980 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
by extremophile microbes. flora among native plants of the gye, whitebark pine ( pinus albicaulis ) is a species of special interest, in large part because of its seasonal importance to grizzly bears, but also because its distribution could be dramatically reduced by relatively minor global warming. in this case,... | [
"Settlers' buildings break the balance of their living environment.",
"Land for them to live on is limited and they are hunted in large numbers.",
"Yellowstone National Park wants to control the number of them.",
"Living closer to humans makes them die from serious diseases."
] | B | null |
mmlu_aux_4214 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##ussel ( vub ) press. marten, g. g. 2001. human ecology : basic concepts for sustainable development. sterling, va : earthscan. mcdonnell, m. j. and s. t. pickett. 1993. humans as components of ecosystems : the ecology of subtle human effects and populated areas. new york : springer - verlag. miller, j. r., r. m... | [
"eco-tourism cause damage to the natural homes of wildlife.",
"it is easy for eco-tourists to build up trust with wide animals.",
"the changes brought by eco-tourism may be harmful.",
"protected areas around the world are overloaded with tourists."
] | C | null |
mmlu_aux_3692 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
a council member of the japan ; a steering committee member of the european action on global life sciences ( eagles ) ; and a science board member of the bill and melinda gates foundation grand challenge in global health. gm sweet potato florence wambugu was involved in a project to develop a genetically modified... | [
"tell us sweet potatoes are in danger of being attacked by a virus",
"introduce Wambugu's contribution to genetic engineering",
"introduce a new way of killing plant viruses",
"tell how hard Wambugu worked in her lab for three years"
] | B | null |
qasc_1002 | qasc | <ctx>
at the global scale sustainability and environmental management involves managing the oceans, freshwater systems, land and atmosphere, according to sustainability principles. land use change is fundamental to the operations of the biosphere because alterations in the relative proportions of land dedicated to urba... | [
"Temperature",
"global warming",
"colder weather",
"local weather changes"
] | D | |
medmcqa_2844 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##aract is caused when crystallins are damaged photochemically, thereby leading to diminished lenticular transparency. he argued that the oxidative stress on the lens induces covalent chemical changes in the constituent molecules and these changes lead to cataract. he researched further on the subject to find out... | [
"Copper",
"Iron",
"Melanin",
"Keratin"
] | C | Nuclear senile cataract: The usual degenerative changes are intensification of the age- related nuclear sclerosis associated with dehydration and compaction of the nucleus resulting in a hard cataract. It is accompanied by a significant increase in water insoluble proteins. However, the total protein content and distri... |
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