id string | dataset string | question string | options list | answer string | explanation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
qasc_6902 | qasc | <ctx>
composition of matter, including those central to the concept of molecular identity.
biological molecules.
1. 2 phases and classification of matter matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. the basic building block of matter is the atom, the smallest unit of an element that can enter into combination... | [
"rocks",
"food and shelter",
"magic",
"chromosomes"
] | D | |
openbookqa_265 | openbookqa | <ctx>
the antarctic larsen b ice shelf in 2001, and may have been connected. such lakes are also prominent in greenland, where they have recently been understood to contribute somewhat to ice movement. sediments sedimentary particles often accumulate in supraglacial lakes ; they are washed in by the meltwater or rainwa... | [
"heaps of ice cubes",
"heaps of confused penguins",
"heaps of crystalline solids",
"heaps of coral reef"
] | C | |
medmcqa_9722 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the image post - processing is to account for the water density in each area. these are called " diffusion weighted images " ( dwi ) or diffusion tensor mri, dt - mri. the diffusion measures the water response and the tensor structure takes account of the orientation of the tissue fibers. it is important because ... | [
"Halloverden spatz disease",
"CHPS",
"Achalasia Cardia",
"None"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Halloverden spatz diseaseo Tiger eye is an abnormal T2 signal in the globus pallidus seen in Pantothenate kinase-2 (PANK-2) mutation of Holloverden spat disease. |
mmlu_aux_3429 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
. notation and units as a form of energy, heat has the unit joule ( j ) in the international system of units ( si ). in addition, many applied branches of engineering use other, traditional units, such as the british thermal unit ( btu ) and the calorie. the standard unit for the rate of heating is the watt ( w )... | [
"one horse's power",
"what one strong horse can do in one minute",
"what one horse can do in a day",
"what work one horse can do as much as possible"
] | B | null |
pubmedqa_652 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
##ch, direct measurement of the 3 - dimensional dna lesion distribution induced by energetic charged particles in a mouse model tissue, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa. 112 ( 2015 ) 12396 – 12401. durante m., reppingen n., held kd. immunologically augmented cancer treatment using modern radiotherapy trends mol. med. 1... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | B | |
medmcqa_340 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##1 colorectal cancer using liquid biopsy. cancer sci. 2022 ; 113 ( 4 ) : 1531 - 1534. doi : 10. 1111 / cas. 15226 kasi pm, fehringer g, taniguchi h, et al. impact of circulating tumor dna - based detection of molecular residual disease on the conduct and design of clinical trials for solid tumors [ published cor... | [
"Retinitis pigmentosa",
"Crohn's disease",
"Ulcerative colitis",
"Leukoplakia"
] | A | Ans. A: Retinitis pigmentosaGIT premalignant conditionsOf the four major primary small-bowel tumors (adenocarcinomas, lymphomas, carcinoid, and leiomyosarcomas), adenocarcinomas and lymphomas are associated with diseases that seem to increase the risk of developing these malignancies.Immunoproliferative small intestina... |
aquarat_45885 | aquarat | <ctx>
not in the first. the paradox as stated by bertrand it can be easier to understand why is incorrect, if you consider the paradox bertrand used. after a box has been chosen, but before a drawer is opened, there is a probability that the box has two of the same kind of coin. so, if you then select a drawer at rando... | [
"A)648",
"B)432",
"C)23",
"D)2 to the power(23)-1"
] | C | Since bags are different so it should be 9+8+6=23
ANSWER:C |
mmlu_aux_1899 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
bites and power outages from climbing electrical wires. it is estimated that if the species gets into hawaii it could cost hawaii up to $ 123 million. there is a great fear that the species will be transported over to hawaii from guam ships and will have the same impact there. isolated numbers of brown snakes hav... | [
"the methods for preventing exotic species",
"the effects of exotic invasion on Hawaii",
"the problems faced by the Hawaiian economy",
"the role of biologists in controlling native species"
] | A | null |
arc_challenge_4 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
4. 58 172 4 • dynamics : force and newton's laws of motion access for free at openstax. org shown, what is the drag force of the water on the barge resisting the motion? ( note : drag force is a frictional force exerted by fluids, such as air or water. the drag force opposes the motion of the object. ) strategy t... | [
"west",
"east",
"north",
"south"
] | B | |
medmcqa_2208 | medmcqa | <ctx>
intestinal infections ( dysentery and diarrhoea ) multicellular organisms and intestinal worms ( helminths ) such as schistosoma spp., wuchereria bancrofti, necator americanus ( hookworm ) and taenia spp. ( tapeworm ) ectoparasites such as ticks, scabies and lice medical parasitology can involve drug development,... | [
"Brain",
"Eye",
"Muscles",
"Liver"
] | C | Ans. is 'c'Rarely neurocysticercosis happens and most common site is Parenchymal and associate with Ingestion of infected eggs of Taenia solium with food and water. |
aquarat_10542 | aquarat | <ctx>
convention adopted throughout mathematics, science, technology and many computer programming languages. it is summarized as : parentheses exponentiation multiplication and division addition and subtraction this means that to evaluate an expression, one first evaluates any sub - expression inside parentheses, work... | [
"A)9:6:6",
"B)9:6:8",
"C)9:18:12",
"D)9:6:4"
] | C | A:B = 1/6:1/3 = 3:6
B:C = 1/2:1/3 = 3:2
--------------------
A:B:C = 9:18:12
Answer:C |
medmcqa_3749 | medmcqa | <ctx>
can be caused, in part, by localization of hbx to the mitochondria where hbx decreases the mitochondrial membrane potential. in addition, another hbv protein, hbsag, also increases ros through interactions with the endoplasmic reticulum. the increase in ros after hbv infection causes inflammation, which leads to ... | [
"Simple carriers",
"Late convalescence",
"High infectivity",
"Carrier status"
] | C | HBeAg appears in blood concurrently with HBsAg or soon afterward. Circulating HBeAg is an indicator of active intrahepatic viral multiplication, and the presence in blood of DNA polymerase, HBV DNA and virions, reflecting high infectivity. REF:ANANTHANARAYAN AND PANIKER'S TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9TH EDITION PAGE NO-54... |
arc_easy_1537 | arc_easy | <ctx>
of the observer, then the measured variation in the star's radial velocity is the true value. however, if the orbital plane is tilted away from the line - of - sight, then the true effect of the planet on the motion of the star will be greater than the measured variation in the star's radial velocity, which is on... | [
"They reproduce at a faster rate.",
"They digest food more efficiently.",
"They move quickly along the ground.",
"They sense predators and potential food from all directions."
] | D | |
medmcqa_2179 | medmcqa | <ctx>
how meiotic errors cause aneuploidy ; how aneuploidy causes meiotic errors. curr opin genet dev. 16 ( 3 ), 323 – 329. simpson jl, de la cruz ff, swerdloff rs, samango - sprouse c, skakkebaek ne, graham jm, hassold t, aylstock m, et al. ( 2003 ). klinefelter syndrome : expanding the phenotype and identifying new r... | [
"Omphalocele",
"Gastroschisis",
"Cleft lip",
"Spina bifida"
] | A | Omphalocele is a midline abdominal wall defect. The abdominal viscera (commonly liver and bowel) are contained within a sac composed of peritoneum and amnion from which the umbilical cord arises at the apex and center. When the defect is less than 4 cm, it is termed a hernia of the umbilical cord; when greater than 10 ... |
aquarat_18208 | aquarat | <ctx>
1. 50 km, and the distance traveled was 1. 50 km. discussion distance is a scalar. it has magnitude but no sign to indicate direction. example 2. 4 calculating acceleration : a subway train speeding up suppose the train in figure 2. 18 ( a ) accelerates from rest to 30. 0 km / h in the first 20. 0 s of its motion... | [
"A)270 m",
"B)340 m",
"C)310 m",
"D)350 m"
] | B | Relative speed = (108 - 36) * 5/18 = 4 * 5 = 20 mps.
Distance covered in 17 sec = 17 * 20 = 340 m.
The length of the faster train = 340 m.
Answer:B |
arc_challenge_425 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
mutations and selection. advantages multicellularity allows an organism to exceed the size limits normally imposed by diffusion : single cells with increased size have a decreased surface - to - volume ratio and have difficulty absorbing sufficient nutrients and transporting them throughout the cell. multicellula... | [
"Both have cells with specialized functions for each life process.",
"Both perform all life processes within one cell.",
"Both have a way to get rid of waste materials.",
"Both are able to make food from sunlight."
] | C | |
aquarat_27758 | aquarat | <ctx>
are the attainable values. bernoulli normalizes the expected value by assuming that pi are the probabilities of all the disjoint outcomes of the value, hence implying that p0 + p1 +... + pn = 1. another key theory developed in this part is the probability of achieving at least a certain number of successes from a... | [
"A)95!/100!",
"B)96!/100!",
"C)(95! X 5!)/100!",
"D)(96! X 5!)/100!"
] | D | Alex to get 5 consecutive cards in ascending order, to have 5 consecutive at the end is good enough.
There are 96 consecutive numbers in 100: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, {2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, ..., {96, 97, 98, 99, 100};
Total ways to pick 5 cards out of 100 is C5100C1005;
So, P=\frac{favorable \ outcomes}{total \ # \ of \ outcomes}=\f... |
aquarat_24895 | aquarat | <ctx>
##5808437141326483820241114731866602965218212064697 46700620316443478873837606252372049619334517 × 2446242088383181505678131390240028966538020925789314014520412213365584770951 78155258218897735030590669041302045908071447 the cpu time spent on finding these factors amounted to approximately 900 core - years on a 2... | [
"A)6693.75",
"B)8032.5",
"C)4462.5",
"D)8900"
] | A | Let the sums be P.
Now, 60% of P = 4016.25
or, P = 6693.75
Answer A |
aquarat_13320 | aquarat | <ctx>
, for a set of randomly chosen people, what is the probability that some pair of them will have the same birthday? the problem itself is mainly concerned with counterintuitive probabilities, but we can also tell by the pigeonhole principle that if there are 367 people in the room, there is at least one pair of pe... | [
"A)10C6",
"B)10C4",
"C)10C9",
"D)10C2"
] | B | Six members can be selected from ten members in
10C6 = 10C4 ways.
Answer: B |
aquarat_30980 | aquarat | <ctx>
zero and the reduced cost corresponding to the variable is also zero, then there is at least one other corner that is also in the optimal solution. the value of this variable will be positive at one of the other optimal corners. " see also linear programming shadow price references linear programming
a relative ... | [
"A)39",
"B)45",
"C)60",
"D)56"
] | C | Let the original price of the cycle be 100. After the first reduction the price will be 75.
This new price is then reduced by 20% = 0.8 x 75 = 60
60 represents a reduction of 40 percent on the original.
C |
openbookqa_1498 | openbookqa | <ctx>
in agriculture and gardening, seed saving ( sometimes known as brown bagging ) is the practice of saving seeds or other reproductive material ( e. g. tubers ) from vegetables, grain, herbs, and flowers for use from year to year for annuals and nuts, tree fruits, and berries for perennials and trees. this is the t... | [
"shrunk",
"sprouted",
"burned",
"flown"
] | B | |
aquarat_17691 | aquarat | <ctx>
21. 18 21. 19 21. 20 21. 21 21. 22
103 y 0. 65 s 14. 4 y 1. 5 s 432. 2 y
is, entering this into the expression above, we get 21. 34 21. 35 21. 36 21. 37 21. 38 21. 39 21. 40
. 50 4. 51 4. 52 4. 53 4. 54 4. 55
</ctx>
The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about STEM.
575.104 x 15.98 ÷ 9.0... | [
"A)983.578",
"B)1043.65",
"C)1033.65",
"D)656.112"
] | B | Explanation:
? = 575.104 x 15.98 ÷ 9.001 + 21.25
≈ (575.104 x 16/9) + 21.25 ≈ 1022.40 + 21.25 ≈ 1043.65
Answer: Option B |
openbookqa_541 | openbookqa | <ctx>
22. 2 • ferromagnets and electromagnets 957 figure 22. 9 instrument for magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ). the device uses a superconducting cylindrical coil for the main magnetic field. the patient goes into this “ tunnel ” on the gurney. ( credit : bill mcchesney, flickr ) figure 22. 10 shows that the response... | [
"an old stapler pin",
"a piece of gum",
"all of these",
"a piece of chicken"
] | A | |
mmlu_aux_6996 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
desert dunes. barchan dunes are formed as winds continuously blow in the same direction, and are characterized by a crescent - shape atop the dune. seif dunes are long and narrow, featuring a sharp crest, and are more common in the sahara desert. analysis of geological features in desert environments can reveal a... | [
"adapted long ears the size of elephant's",
"adapted a raised portion on their dorsal side",
"adapted long snouts to drink from holes",
"all of these"
] | B | null |
openbookqa_2572 | openbookqa | <ctx>
asexual and sexual reproduction. in summer, aphids are generally female and parthenogenetic ; in the autumn, males may be produced for sexual reproduction. other insects produced by parthenogenesis are bees, wasps and ants, in which they spawn males. however, overall, most individuals are female, which are produc... | [
"metamorphosing",
"metal",
"Seven",
"drawing"
] | A | |
openbookqa_339 | openbookqa | <ctx>
been observed through many experiments that the reynolds number of successful strikes ( re ~ 200 ) is much higher than the reynolds number of failed strikes ( re ~ 20 ),. numerical analysis of suction feeding at a low reynolds number ( re ) concluded that around 40 % energy invested in mouth opening is lost to fr... | [
"cheetah",
"penguin",
"hippopotamus",
"snake"
] | B | |
medmcqa_4158 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ugliani, r., munoz rojas, v., martins, a., valadares, e., clarke, j., goes, j., kakkis, e., worden, m., sidman, m., cox, g. : a dose - optimization trial of laronidase ( aldurazyme ) in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis i. molecular genetics and metabolism, 96 ( 1 ) ; 13 - 19, 2009. clarke, l. a., wraith, j. ... | [
"Amiodarone",
"Lignocaine",
"Verapamil",
"Adenosine"
] | C | Ans. is c' i.e., Verapamilo Amongst the options provided Verapamil is the drug of choice for maintenance therapy in pateints with PSVT.Treatment options for Supraventricular Tachycardiao Physiologic interventionRestValsalva maneuvers : Gag reflex, ice packs, etcCarotid massageAvoidance of inciting factors : Caffeine, t... |
medmcqa_8322 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the strength of the fabric all play a role in how textile technologies can be used in tissue engineering. fibrous structures can be made and shaped with textile technology to meet the needs of a wide range of tissue engineering applications. tissue engineering is the process of putting together scaffolds, cells, ... | [
"Cyanoacrylate",
"Ethanolamine oleate",
"Methacrylate",
"Polychloroprene"
] | A | Most tissue adhesives or glue are cyanoacrylate polymers, such as n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (eg, Histoacryl®, PeriAcryl®) or 2-octyl cyanoacrylate (eg, Dermabond®, Surgiseal).
Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives are liquid monomers that undergo an exothermic reaction on exposure to moisture (eg, on the skin surface), changing... |
qasc_1823 | qasc | <ctx>
. these irregular movements occur while muscles are at rest, but worsen during voluntary muscle contractions. symptoms usually appear delayed one to twenty - four months after the lesion is created. causes risk factors risk factors for holmes tremor include excess exposure to heavy metals, such as mercury and lea... | [
"energy usage",
"Sleep problems",
"Dehydration",
"heart problems"
] | B | |
arc_challenge_957 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
0. 449 j / g °c to increase its temperature from 25 °c to its melting temperature of 1535 °c? 7. how much heat, in joules and in calories, is required to heat a 28. 4 - g ( 1 - oz ) ice cube from −23. 0 °c to −1. 0 °c? 8. how much would the temperature of 275 g of water increase if 36. 5 kj of heat were added? 9.... | [
"0°C",
"between 0°C and 28°C",
"28°C",
"greater than 28°C"
] | B | |
qasc_7071 | qasc | <ctx>
the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. in contrast to mitosis, meiosis results in four haploid daughter cells by undergoing one round of dna replication followed by two divisions. homologous chromosomes are separated in the first division ( meiosis i ), and sister chromatids are separated in the ... | [
"produces sound",
"produces gametes",
"rapid expansion",
"makes proteins"
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_4897 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
years ). this suggests that individual use of temperature is a cue that allows for population - level adaptation to climate change. in other words, in a warming world, many migratory birds are predicted to depart earlier in the year for their summer or winter destination. in polygynous species with considerable s... | [
"All birds fly to warmer places every year.",
"Some birds have to fly to warmer places in autumn.",
"Some birds can fly a long way to other countries.",
"About 600 kinds of birds migrate in the world."
] | A | null |
qasc_1723 | qasc | <ctx>
on average, agriculture contributes 4 % of national gdps. global agricultural production is responsible for between 14 and 28 % of global greenhouse gas emissions, making it one of the largest contributors to global warming, in large part due to conventional agricultural practices, including nitrogen fertilizers ... | [
"recycling",
"food processing",
"digestion",
"bacteria"
] | C | |
aquarat_29291 | aquarat | <ctx>
who chooses to participate in a competition takes an " individual " test that corresponds to his or her level of competition. all competitions include this feature. most individual tests consist of 30 multiple - choice questions ( not including tie - breakers ), a - e, where answer choice " e " is " none of the a... | [
"A)1/5",
"B)1/15",
"C)4/25",
"D)18/125"
] | D | Probability = Favourable Outcomes / Total Outcomes = 1 - (Unfavourable Outcomes / Total Outcomes)
Given:Probability of Perfect dive = 0.4 = 40/100 = 2/5
i.e. Probability of Non-Perfect dive = 0.6 = 60/100 = 3/5
The probability of Janet to dive and get a perfect score depends on that other other previous two dives must ... |
medmcqa_3330 | medmcqa | <ctx>
tool ( frax ) estimates the probability of hip fracture and the probability of a major osteoporotic fracture ( mof ), which could occur in a bone other than the hip. in addition to bone density ( t - score ), calculation of the frax score involves age, body characteristics, health behaviors, and other medical his... | [
"Thyrotoxicosis",
"Rheumatoid ahritis",
"Hypoparathyroidism",
"Steroid therapy"
] | C | Osteoporosis It refers to reduction ofbone mass per unit volume (loss of matrix and defective mineralisation) (Fig. 9.47). Aetiology 1.Involutional 2.Endocrinological 3.Gastrointestinal 4.Haematological 5.Rheumatological 6.Collagen vascular Normal bone Type I (postmenopausal) and Type II (senile) Hypehyroidism Hyperpar... |
aquarat_17232 | aquarat | <ctx>
and the two possible outcomes can be considered as success or failure. for example, when a baseball player is at - bat, the player either gets a hit or does not get a hit. there are many applications of binomial experiments that occur in medicine, psychology, engineering, science, marketing, and other fields. the... | [
"A)975",
"B)1020",
"C)1175",
"D)1243"
] | C | Failed in 1st subject = 35*2500/100 = 875
Failed in 2nd subject = 42*2500/100 = 1050
Failed in both = 15*2500/100 = 375
Failed in 1st subject only = 875-375 = 500
Failed in 2nd subject only = 1050-375 = 675
Passed in either subject but not in both = 675+500 = 1175
Answer is C |
aquarat_44127 | aquarat | <ctx>
or in the reply. let's call these endpoints landmarks. initially the only landmarks of i are 0 and 1 since the only thing the algorithm knows about partner i is that vi ( [ 0, 1 ] ) = 1. if the algorithm asks partner i to evaluate the interval [ 0. 2, 1 ], then after the reply the landmarks of i are { 0, 0. 2, 1 ... | [
"A)Rs.2300",
"B)Rs.2310",
"C)Rs.2320",
"D)Rs.2330"
] | C | Let C gets Rs x. Then We can say B gets Rs (x + 320 ) and D gets Rs ( x + 280) .
x + 320 + x + x + 560 = 6160
3x = 5280
x = 1760 .
C’s share = Rs ( 1760+560 ) = Rs.2320
C |
mmlu_aux_8462 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
ice sheets volumes. scientists report that results of cold dark matter simulations – probability of strong gravitational lensing events due to dark - matter distributions in 11 galaxy clusters – based on current theories are substantially inconsistent with observational data. inpe reports that 1, 359 km2 of the b... | [
"two weeks",
"seven months",
"365 days",
"182 days"
] | D | null |
aquarat_45089 | aquarat | <ctx>
. b. { : + d } formats the decimal number by adding the positive sign.
< 2465 * 5 x = 4 98 56 y = ( 2460 + x ) * x = 2464 * 4 = 9856 00 00 algorithm terminates : answer = 12. 34 binary numeral system ( base 2 ) this section uses the formalism from the digit - by - digit calculation section above, with the slight... | [
"A)2",
"B)7",
"C)9",
"D)11"
] | D | Adding the digits in unit's place , 5+ 6 + b = 16 (Since a and b are positive single digits )
=> b = 5
Now adding the digits in ten's place , 5+a + 2 + 1= 9 (1 has been carried over from unit's place addition)
=> a= 1
a+2b = 1+2*5
=11
Answer D |
medmcqa_8600 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the results of mris are usually ambiguous in defining the presence for this specific tumor. in ct scans, the presence of pnets will be indicated by an elevated density and an increase in volume of the brain. the ct scan can also show calcification, which is present in 41 - 44 % of pnet cases. since the tumor can ... | [
"CT scan",
"Visual field chaing",
"Visual evoked potential",
"X-ray skull"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., CT Scan |
arc_challenge_375 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
5. 2 calorimetry 14. a 500 - ml bottle of water at room temperature and a 2 - l bottle of water at the same temperature were placed in a refrigerator. after 30 minutes, the 500 - ml bottle of water had cooled to the temperature of the refrigerator. an hour later, the 2 - l of water had cooled to the same temperat... | [
"to include a factor to manipulate",
"to have a possible explanation to a problem",
"to change one variable while observing the others",
"to provide a standard by which to compare the results"
] | D | |
qasc_3935 | qasc | <ctx>
farming ) is another factor. excessive nutrient load and other forms of pollution over - exploitation and unsustainable use ( e. g. unsustainable fishing methods ) armed conflict, which disrupts human livelihoods and institutions, contributes to habitat loss, and intensifies over - exploitation of economically va... | [
"pesticides",
"fossil fuels",
"global warming",
"cell mutations"
] | A | |
arc_easy_1014 | arc_easy | <ctx>
the cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life. every cell consists of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane, and contains many macromolecules such as proteins, dna and rna, as well as many small molecules of nutrients and metabolites. the term comes from the latin word meaning'small roo... | [
"brain",
"cells",
"heart",
"nerves"
] | B | |
arc_easy_952 | arc_easy | <ctx>
these breaks can be repaired by a recombination process employing gene products rad51 and dmc1 that are homologous to recombinases employed by eukaryotes generally. central elements of eukaryotic meiosis are pairing of homologous chromosomes, double - strand break formation and homologous recombinational repair. ... | [
"asexual reproduction.",
"gamete formation.",
"natural selection.",
"sexual reproduction."
] | A | |
aquarat_31689 | aquarat | <ctx>
mumbai suburban railway is one of the busiest commuter rail systems in the world. trains run from 04 : 00 until 01 : 00, and some trains also run up to 02 : 30 or 03 : 00. it is the first suburban rail network in india. history the mumbai suburban railway is an offshoot of the first passenger railway to be built ... | [
"A)10.13 am",
"B)10.00 am",
"C)9.43 am",
"D)9.35 am"
] | C | Let the distance be x between the two stations.
Train T1 takes 5 hours to reach Mumbai.
Train T2 takes 6 hours to reach Ahemedabad.
Relative speed of both the train will be added = x/5 + x/ 6 = 11x/30
Time taken = (x/11)*(x/30) = 30/11
or, (30 X 60 )/11 =~ 2.43 hours
so 7 + 2.43 = 9.43 am
ANSWER:C |
aquarat_1980 | aquarat | <ctx>
38. 9 m / s ( about 87 miles per hour ) 23. ( a ) ( b ) ( c ) 25. ( a ) ( b ) ( c ) this result does not really make sense. if the runner starts at 9. 00 m / s and decelerates at, then she will have stopped after 4. 50 s. if she continues to decelerate, she will be running backwards. 27. 29. ( a ) ( b ) ( c ) 7. ... | [
"A)0.5< t < 0.75",
"B)1.75< t < 2.0",
"C)1.0 < t < 1.5",
"D)2.5 < t < 3.0"
] | C | D=2, and R=1
circumference thus is 2pi miles
we know that she walked 5mph
knowing the formula rt=D, we can deduce that t= D/r
D is 2pi miles and r is 5mph
t = 2pi/5
pi can be rewritten as 22/7
2*22/7 = 44/7 and multiply this by 1/5 = 44/35. This is greater than 1, but less than 1.5, therefore, 1<t<1.5. Answer choice C. |
qasc_5614 | qasc | <ctx>
rodents at that location should be purchased. serologic testing is not recommended for pet rodents, as it has been unreliable in detecting antibodies in animals with active infections. for laboratory purposes, immunohistochemistry staining of tissues and virus isolation are used for more accurate testing, but thi... | [
"Bathing your dogs",
"Using repellent",
"Eating healthier",
"Endocrine system"
] | B | |
medmcqa_2557 | medmcqa | <ctx>
rhabdoviridae is a family of negative - strand rna viruses in the order mononegavirales. vertebrates ( including mammals and humans ), invertebrates, plants, fungi and protozoans serve as natural hosts. diseases associated with member viruses include rabies encephalitis caused by the rabies virus, and flu - like ... | [
"Picomaviridae",
"Calciviridae",
"Orthomyxoviridae",
"Paramyxoviridae"
] | C | Ans. is 'c* i.e., Orthomyxoviridae RNA VirusesPicornaviridae:Poliovirus, Coxsackievirus, Eehovirus, Enterovirus, Rhinovirus, Hepatitis A virusCalicivtridae: Norwalk virus. Hepatitis E virusTogaviridae: Rubella virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus, Western equine encephalitis virusFlaviviridae: Yellow fever virus, D... |
medmcqa_5444 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the most widely reported neurological disorders. approximately 12, 000 infants each year are diagnosed with germinal matrix haemorrhage or intraventricular haemorrhage in the united states. research in 2002, a dutch retrospective study analysed cases where neonatologists had intervened and drained csf by lumbar o... | [
"Thiopentone",
"Ketamine",
"Halothane",
"Succinylcholine"
] | A | A i.e. Thiopentone In head injury, induction is preferably done by thiopental or propofol (both neuroprotective)Q and a rapid onset NMBD (usually rocuronium or mivacurium) following adequate preoxygenation hyperventilation by mask. A barbiturate (thiopentone) - opioid - N20-NMBA technique is commonly used or intraopera... |
medmcqa_8889 | medmcqa | <ctx>
na + / h + antiporter a ( nhaa ) family ( tc # 2. a. 33 ) contains a number of bacterial sodium - proton antiporter ( spap ) proteins. these are integral membrane proteins that catalyse the exchange of h + for na + in a manner that is highly ph dependent. homologues have been sequenced from a number of bacteria a... | [
"PCT",
"loop of Henle",
"DCT",
"Collecting duct"
] | A | In the PCT, the apical membrane has Na+/H+-antipoer, which couples H+ secretion with the Na+ movement across the apical membrane. In the TAL of loop of Henle:- The sympoer NKCC moves 1 Na+, 1 K+, 2 Cl- through the apical membrane into the cell. In DCT:- The sympoer is NCC. In the late distal tubule and collecting duct:... |
arc_challenge_500 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
field and demonstrating that the sun rotates on a single axis, determining the sun ’ s seismic radius. observationally, goode led the effort that ultimately showed solar oscillations are driven, in part, by the noise made in the ubiquitous, continuous collapses of the dark inter - granular lanes. also in the 1990... | [
"Earth gives light and heat energy to the Sun.",
"Earth gives only heat energy to the Sun.",
"The Sun gives light and heat energy to Earth.",
"The Sun gives only light energy to Earth."
] | C | |
mmlu_aux_3102 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
no right whales. more recently, scientists have increasingly been using a new technology to acoustically detect right whales. as described above, right whales make calls that can be distinguished from the calls of other species so that researchers have concluded they such detections constitute reliable records ba... | [
"A hole in the back of the jaw - the ears - the jaw - the throat.",
"The jaw - the throat - a hole in the back of the jaw - the ears.",
"The throat - the jaw - the ears - a hole in the back of the jaw.",
"The ears - the throat - a hole in the back of the jaw - the jaw."
] | B | null |
mmlu_aux_4237 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
returned on 16 december in the same year, brought 1, 731 g ( 61. 1 oz ) of lunar samples back to earth. as indicated by the official insignia, the shape of a calligraphic nascent lunar crescent with two human footprints at its center reminiscent of the chinese character, the chinese character for " moon ", the ul... | [
"China had made great achievements in 10 years",
"no country can be equal to China in exploring space",
"scientists can get more proof to research the moon",
"the soil from the moon has been taken to China"
] | C | null |
arc_challenge_12 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
. farther below the metamorphosed gneiss contains more large quartz and feldspar with little matrix. references generalized stratigraphic chart for west virginia geology of west virginia ediacaran geology metamorphic petrology
garnet - whole - rock isochron age data and u - pb and pb - pb crystallization ages of... | [
"a sea floor",
"a windblown desert",
"a site deep underground",
"a site covered by a glacier"
] | C | |
medmcqa_5428 | medmcqa | <ctx>
if we assume that the distance between the heart and the feet of a person in an upright position is 1. 4 m, then the increase in pressure in the feet relative to that in the heart ( for a static column of blood ) is given by standing a long time can lead to an accumulation of blood in the legs and swelling. this ... | [
"Ventilation/perfusion ratio is maximum at apex",
"Ventilation/perfusion ratio is maximum at base",
"Ventilation is maximum at apex",
"Perfusion is maximum at apex"
] | A | Apical alveoli have low ventilation and perfusion per unit volume of the lung, whereas the basal alveoli have high ventilation and perfusion.
Ventilation-perfusion ratio and the PaO2 is maximum at the apex. PCO2 is maximum at the base. |
aquarat_29628 | aquarat | <ctx>
yields c, 5 yields d and 6, 7 or 8 yield e. thus we have a monkey at a typewriter hitting five keys with various probabilities ( 37, 56, 70, 56, 37 over 256 ). there are 55 possible 5 - letter words, and from a string of 256000 ( overlapping ) 5 - letter words, counts are made on the frequencies for each word. th... | [
"A)32",
"B)36",
"C)40",
"D)44"
] | B | Let the number of pens be 5x and the number of pencils be 6x.
6x - 5x = 6
x = 6
The number of pencils is 36.
The answer is B. |
arc_easy_64 | arc_easy | <ctx>
iron ( iii ) oxide or ferric oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula fe2o3. it is one of the three main oxides of iron, the other two being iron ( ii ) oxide ( feo ), which is rare ; and iron ( ii, iii ) oxide ( fe3o4 ), which also occurs naturally as the mineral magnetite. as the mineral known as hemati... | [
"iron and water",
"iron and oxygen",
"iron and air",
"iron and acid"
] | B | |
aquarat_26075 | aquarat | <ctx>
in mathematics an even integer, that is, a number that is divisible by 2, is called evenly even or doubly even if it is a multiple of 4, and oddly even or singly even if it is not. the former names are traditional ones, derived from ancient greek mathematics ; the latter have become common in recent decades. thes... | [
"A)17.72",
"B)18.52",
"C)19.63",
"D)16.53"
] | A | Explanation:
Sum of first 11 prime no. which are odd = 195
Average = 195/11 = 17.72
Answer:A |
aquarat_38152 | aquarat | <ctx>
< 2465 * 5 x = 4 98 56 y = ( 2460 + x ) * x = 2464 * 4 = 9856 00 00 algorithm terminates : answer = 12. 34 binary numeral system ( base 2 ) this section uses the formalism from the digit - by - digit calculation section above, with the slight variation that we let, with each or. we iterate all, from down to, and ... | [
"A)42",
"B)38",
"C)44",
"D)36"
] | A | Let the two positive numbers be 2x and 7x respectively.
7x - 2x = 30
5x = 30 => x = 6
=> Larger number = 7x = 42.
Answer: A |
aquarat_8430 | aquarat | <ctx>
< 2465 * 5 x = 4 98 56 y = ( 2460 + x ) * x = 2464 * 4 = 9856 00 00 algorithm terminates : answer = 12. 34 binary numeral system ( base 2 ) this section uses the formalism from the digit - by - digit calculation section above, with the slight variation that we let, with each or. we iterate all, from down to, and ... | [
"A)1",
"B)-2",
"C)6",
"D)-3"
] | C | |5x-15| = 100
5x-15 = 100 or 5x-15 = -100
5x = 115 or 5x = -85
x = 23 or x = -17
sum = 23-17 = 6
Answer is C |
medmcqa_9556 | medmcqa | <ctx>
bottom of a gum pocket 4 – 5 mm deep, bacteria stagnate in these sites and have the opportunity to proliferate into periodontal disease - causing colonies. once bacterial plaque has infiltrated the pocket, the transformation from biofilm into calculus continues. this results in an ulceration in the lining of the ... | [
"Periosteum",
"Transseptal fibres",
"Sharpey's fibres",
"Organized granulation tissue"
] | B | |
arc_easy_1096 | arc_easy | <ctx>
##iciencies and that this can lead to disease " susceptibility in newborn babies. the reason for this is because methyl groups have the ability to silence certain genes. increased deficiencies of various nutrients such as this have the potential to permanently change the epigenetics of the baby. genetic factors g... | [
"eating foods high in protein at a young age",
"having a brother or sister with blue eyes",
"being overexposed to the Sun at a young age",
"receiving a gene for blue eyes from each parent"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_1807 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
the international astronomical union ( iau ) defined in august 2006 that, in the solar system, a planet is a celestial body that : is in orbit around the sun, has sufficient mass to assume hydrostatic equilibrium ( a nearly round shape ), and has " cleared the neighbourhood " around its orbit. a non - satellite b... | [
"Planetariums around the world should adapt to the change quickly.",
"The media should make it known to people as soon as possible.",
"Teachers needn't be trained in improved knowledge as soon as possible.",
"Schoolchildren should be ready for the new knowledge."
] | B | null |
openbookqa_2855 | openbookqa | <ctx>
plan with a spread sheet or a collection of hyperlinked'to - do'lists. planning cycle of a cms scope of conservation management conservation management implies the control of environmental and socioeconomic factors in order : to make more efficient use of materials, to recycle materials and energy that are vital ... | [
"buying a new truck",
"buying a new SUV",
"eating only steaks and caviar",
"abstaining from riding a motorcycle"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_2321 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##muir. in 1929, at a party of yale football supporters in montclair, new jersey, mac lane ( there to be presented with a prize for having the best grade point average yet recorded at yale ) had met robert maynard hutchins, the new president of the university of chicago, who encouraged him to go there for his gra... | [
"He had three children",
"He died from an accident.",
"He received many rewards in his life",
"He and Einstein were classmates in Princeton University."
] | C | null |
medmcqa_1271 | medmcqa | <ctx>
illustrations show the molecular structures of fructose, a five - carbon monosaccharide, and of lactose, a disaccharide composed of two isomeric, six - carbon sugars. organisms use carbohydrates for a variety of functions. carbohydrates can store energy, such as the polysaccharides glycogen in animals or starch i... | [
"Na+k+ATPase",
"Sucrase",
"Enterokinase",
"Carboxypeptidase"
] | B | Ans: b (Sucrase) Ref: Vasudevan, 4th ed, p.Sucrase or invert sugar converts sucrose (which is a complex polysaccharide) into 1 molecule of glucose and 1 molecule of fructose.Na+k+ ATPase is a membrane protein.Enterokinase is a brush border enzyme in intestinal mucosa which will activate trypsinogen to trypsin.Proteolyt... |
medmcqa_1590 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, and mchaffie jg opposing basal ganglia processes shape midbrain visuomotor activity bilaterally. nature 423 : pages 982 - 986, 2003. wallace mt, ramachandran r, and stein be a new view of sensory cortical parcellation. proceedings of the national academy of sciences 101 : pages 2167 - 2172, 2004. alvarado jc, s... | [
"Superior colliculus",
"Frontal eye field",
"Pretectal nucleus",
"Area 17"
] | A | Superior colliculus integrates impulses for eye-hand coordination to control rapid directional movements of the two eyes. VISUAL PATHWAY Other impoant areas of the brain involved in visual pathway: Suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, to control circadian rhythms; Pretectal nuclei in the midbrain, to elicit ref... |
aquarat_43930 | aquarat | <ctx>
wastewater in ppm and ppb units. answer : 9. 6 ppm, 9600 ppb
piping and distribution network to ensure turbulent flow. the recommended minimum is based on a reynolds number of 3, 000 re or higher. this can range up to 10, 000 re depending on the comfort level of the designer. use only virgin resin in the polishi... | [
"A)60 gallons",
"B)100 gallons",
"C)120 gallons",
"D)80 gallons"
] | D | Work done by the waste pipe in 1 minute = 1/15 - (1/20 + 1/24) = - 1/40
Volume of 1/40 part = 2 gallons\
Volume of whole = 2 * 40 =80 gallons.
ANSWER:D |
qasc_6793 | qasc | <ctx>
the atmosphere, a gas that is required by nearly all living things to carry out cellular respiration. in addition, they are influential in the global carbon and water cycles and plant roots bind and stabilise soils, preventing soil erosion. plants are crucial to the future of human society as they provide food, o... | [
"adapt to their environment",
"Quality of life",
"heat the body",
"produce fewer seeds"
] | A | |
aquarat_26107 | aquarat | <ctx>
of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 − p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ... | [
"A)0.12%",
"B)0.22%",
"C)0.32%",
"D)0.42%"
] | B | (2000xR1x3)/100-(100xR2x3)/100 =13.50
6000(R1-R2)=1350
R1-R2 = 1350/6000=0.22%
answer : B |
aquarat_16622 | aquarat | <ctx>
20. 1 current learning objectives by the end of this section, you will be able to : • define electric current, ampere, and drift velocity • describe the direction of charge flow in conventional current. • use drift velocity to calculate current and vice versa. electric current electric current is defined to be th... | [
"A)WW",
"B)776",
"C)26",
"D)68"
] | D | Answer: Option D |
arc_challenge_995 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
1. 2 phases and classification of matter matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. the basic building block of matter is the atom, the smallest unit of an element that can enter into combinations with atoms of the same or other elements. in many substances, atoms are combined into molecules. on earth, ... | [
"density",
"boiling point",
"flammability",
"shape"
] | C | |
aquarat_8489 | aquarat | <ctx>
third of the time. the probability of die b beating d is ( only when d rolls 1 ). so the likelihood of b beating any other randomly selected die is : die c beats d two - thirds of the time but beats b only one - third of the time. the probability of die c beating a is. so the likelihood of c beating any other ran... | [
"A)1/3",
"B)2/5",
"C)1/4",
"D)2/3"
] | A | Here S = {1,2,3,4,5,6}
E = event of getting a multiple of 3
E = {3,6}
P(E) = 2/6 = 1/3
Answer is A |
aquarat_29292 | aquarat | <ctx>
the age of 18 at the end of the year. united kingdom england and wales in england and wales, " year 13 " ( or " upper sixth " ) is the last year of a - level certifications which are completed to finalize a student's last academic year. students are usually 16 – 17 in year 12 and 17 – 18 in year 13. while the sch... | [
"A)35 years",
"B)45 years",
"C)52 years",
"D)54 years"
] | C | Explanation:
Age of the teacher = (37 * 16 - 36 * 15) years = 52 years. Answer: C |
mmlu_aux_3502 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##sus arctos lasiotus ), but no interactions between the two species have been recorded. poaching poaching of amur leopards is the main threat to their survival. despite evidence of chinese traders illegally buying leopard skins from russia, no skins were confiscated at borders to china until 2002 and 2003, where... | [
"new roads",
"climate change",
"human hunting",
"rare diseases"
] | D | null |
mmlu_aux_2562 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
14. 7 radiation 24. when watching a daytime circus in a large, dark - colored tent, you sense significant heat transfer from the tent. explain why this occurs. 25. satellites designed to observe the radiation from cold ( 3 k ) dark space have sensors that are shaded from the sun, earth, and moon and that are cool... | [
"An Interesting Experiment Done by Kids",
"How to Protect Our Precious Planet",
"Bring Home the Seriousness of Greenhouse Effect",
"The Greenhouse Effect Has Been Proved by Kids"
] | C | null |
openbookqa_228 | openbookqa | <ctx>
is acceptable, a dowry ( usually a pre - determined number of animals ) is paid to the bride ’ s family. the couple then are declared married by the elders. the couple will go and make a new house and stay there together, or the wife will go and stay with her husband in his parents'house. when a child is born, th... | [
"chance",
"rot",
"luck",
"magic"
] | B | |
medmcqa_9271 | medmcqa | <ctx>
ivy barley is a ghanaian entrepreneur, program manager and women in tech activist. she is the co - founder of developers in vogue, an organization that is paving the way for more african women to take up opportunities in the tech industry. in january 2022, ghanaweb featured barley as one of the 3 ghanaian ‘ women... | [
"Worker of a Non-Governmental Organization",
"Community level voluntary worker for health",
"Government health worker",
"Helper of anganwadi"
] | B | Ans: B (Community level voluntary worker for heath) Ref: Park 22nd editionExplanation: ASHA (Accredited social health activist) are involved in health care of community under the National Rural Health Mission. Accredited social health activists (ASHAs) are community health workers instituted by the Government of India'... |
aquarat_38543 | aquarat | <ctx>
as values. for example, the quadratic form is universal, because every positive integer can be written as a sum of 4 squares, by lagrange's four - square theorem. by the 15 theorem, to verify this, it is sufficient to check that every positive integer up to 15 is a sum of 4 squares. ( this does not give an altern... | [
"A)2",
"B)4",
"C)6",
"D)8"
] | A | 16 = 1^3*2^4
xy = 1*2 = 2
The answer is A. |
qasc_326 | qasc | <ctx>
1. 3 • physical and chemical properties 23 figure 1. 18 ( a ) wax undergoes a physical change when solid wax is heated and forms liquid wax. ( b ) steam condensing inside a cooking pot is a physical change, as water vapor is changed into liquid water. ( credit a : modification of work by “ 95jb14 ” / wikimedia co... | [
"kinetic energy",
"energy usage",
"activation push",
"activation energy"
] | D | |
arc_challenge_1114 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
. and casper, g. s. ( eds. ), investigating amphibian declines : proceedings of the 1998 midwest conference on declining amphibians. university of iowa press, pp. 86 – 89. johnson, p. t. j. and s. r. carpenter ( 2008 ). influence of eutrophication on disease in aquatic ecosystems : patterns, processes, and predic... | [
"flood",
"drought",
"fire",
"landslide"
] | A | |
mmlu_aux_3603 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
which words are concatenated in sentences ). the syntactic function of words is also shown with node colour. there is a clear relationship between syntactic function and trophic level : the mean trophic level of common nouns ( blue ) is, whereas that of verbs ( red ) is. this example illustrates how trophic coher... | [
"Secrets of Spiders' Adaptability",
"Importance of Webs to Spiders",
"Secrets of the Spiders' Life",
"Spiders' Highly Preprogrammed Brain"
] | B | null |
aquarat_30519 | aquarat | <ctx>
stock under different stock valuation methods can be confusing. another example is modelling labour variances with learning curve corrections and stock level changes. with the absence of a basic profit model in an algebraic form, confident development of such models is difficult. the development of spreadsheets h... | [
"A)q/9",
"B)q/5",
"C)q/6",
"D)q/7"
] | A | Profit = q
Profit to company founder = 2q/3
Profit to other partners = q/3
Number of other partners = 3
Profit to each partner = (q/3)/3 = q/9
Answer: A |
qasc_5541 | qasc | <ctx>
is periodically duplicated during crossover. after this duplication event, one of the two genes may mutate and disable its function, rendering it as a pseudogene. alternatively, the duplicated copy may mutate without dysfunctionality, and will continue making the same olfactory receptor but with altered structura... | [
"New genetic variation",
"Cancer",
"cause people to become sick.",
"deadly and devastating"
] | A | |
medmcqa_9039 | medmcqa | <ctx>
coronary artery disease ( cad ), also called coronary heart disease ( chd ), ischemic heart disease ( ihd ), myocardial ischemia, or simply heart disease, involves the reduction of blood flow to the heart muscle due to build - up of atherosclerotic plaque in the arteries of the heart. it is the most common of the... | [
"Dietary cholesterol < 100/mg/1000kcal/day",
"Salt intake <5gm",
"No alcohol",
"Fat intake<10% of total energy"
] | D | The reduction of fat intake to 20 to 30 % of total energy intake. Ref- Park&;s textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine 24th edition. |
aquarat_353 | aquarat | <ctx>
.. 5. length : ; width : ;. 7. 9. ( a ) ( b ) 11. 2 kg 13. ( a ) ( b ) 15. ( a ) ( b ) ( c ) 17. ( a ) 3 ( b ) 3 ( c ) 3 19. ( a ) ( b ) 21. 23. 25. 1575 27. 29. sample answer : heartbeats 31. sample answer : if an average human lifetime is taken to be about 70 years. 33. sample answer : 50 atoms 35. sample answe... | [
"A)80 kg",
"B)85 kg",
"C)75 kg",
"D)100 kg"
] | C | Total weight increased = (8 x 5) kg = 40 kg.
Weight of new person = (35 + 40) kg = 75 kg.
Answer : C |
medmcqa_8479 | medmcqa | <ctx>
by six different genes. the six α - chains of collagen iv can recognize each other with incredible specificity and will assemble into unique heterotrimers. after secretion into the extracellular membrane, these molecules will further interact to form higher molecular organizations. these, along with other protein... | [
"Glomerulonephritish",
"Leukocytoclastic vasculitis",
"Presence ofantibodies to BM",
"Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage"
] | B | Goodpasture syndrome (GPS), also known as anti-glomerular basement membrane disease, is a rare autoimmune disease in which antibodies attack the basement membrane in lungs and kidneys, leading to bleeding from the lungs and kidney failure. It is thought to attack the alpha-3 subunit of type IV collagen, which has there... |
aquarat_26789 | aquarat | <ctx>
. breitinger ( 1937 ) measured the distance between certain anatomical prominence in a sample of 2400 german males of whom 1400 were participants in an athletic meet in munich in 1923. 1000 members of the sample were students in 1925 – 26. the average age of the group was about 26 years. telkka ( 1950 ) studied 1... | [
"A)174 cm",
"B)173 cm",
"C)172 cm",
"D)171 cm"
] | A | The total height was 20 cm too much.
The average height should be reduced by 20 cm/20 = 1 cm
The answer is A. |
medmcqa_712 | medmcqa | <ctx>
childhood. behavioral inhibition ( bi ) plays a large role in many anxiety disorders, sad included. compared to children without it, children with bi demonstrate more signs of fear when experiencing a new stimulus, particularly those that are social in nature. children with bi are at a higher risk for developing ... | [
"Anxiety disorder",
"Manic depressive psychosis (bipolar disorder)",
"Adjustment reaction",
"Schizophrenia"
] | D | The history is suggestive of delusion of persecution (fear that schoolmates may "harm" him) and delusion of reference (belief that classmates laugh at him and talk about him). Had they not used the term "harm" and "scared" a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder could have been enteained. |
medmcqa_5528 | medmcqa | <ctx>
gallbladder ( known as courvoisier's sign ) may also raise suspicion, and can help differentiate pancreatic cancer from gallstones. medical imaging techniques, such as computed tomography ( ct scan ) and endoscopic ultrasound ( eus ) are used both to confirm the diagnosis and to help decide whether the tumor can ... | [
"Thyroid cartilage.",
"1st tracheal ring.",
"Cricoid cartilage.",
"Arteries can never be palpated."
] | A | |
medmcqa_13 | medmcqa | <ctx>
not care about the missing synchronisation between the composite video signal and the display of the laptop's screen or the display lag of that screen or the detail that the vertical screen refresh of the two monitors is still asynchronous and not linked to each other. even if v - sync is activated in the driver ... | [
"Time taken to adpt in the new environment",
"Growth occurs exponentially",
"The plateau in lag phase is due to cell death",
"It is the 2nd phase in bacterial growth curve"
] | A | Lag phase: Immediately following the seeding of a culture medium, there is no appreciable number, though there may be an increase in the size of the cells. This initial period is the time required for the adaptation to the new environment, during which the necessary enzymes and metabolic intermediates are built up in a... |
mmlu_aux_1920 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance, called chemical synthesis or, alternatively, chemical decomposition into two or more different substances. these processes are called chemical reactions and, in general, are not reversible except by further chemical reactions. ... | [
"a physical change",
"a chemical change",
"hydrogen and oxygen",
"breaking up"
] | A | null |
medmcqa_6850 | medmcqa | <ctx>
via a middle path, that damage is due to a shift in the relative populations of more and less dangerous bacteria in the plaque. this is called the ecological plaque hypothesis. the disease is associated with a variable microbial pattern. anaerobic species of bacteria porphyromonas gingivalis, bacteroides forsythu... | [
"UTI",
"Empyema",
"Uretheritis",
"Conjunctivitis"
] | B | Ans. B i.e. Empyema |
mmlu_aux_3963 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##n tiger south australian coast australian sea lion little penguin australian region dingo emu kangaroo island grey kangaroo koala red kangaroo short - beaked echidna southern cassowary southern hairy - nosed wombat swamp wallaby tammar wallaby tasmanian devil yellow - footed rock wallaby australian nocturnal ho... | [
"be bitten by the blue ringed octopus",
"stop breathing because of Puffer Fish",
"get a bad sting by the Blue Bottle",
"be poisoned by stingrays"
] | C | null |
qasc_7173 | qasc | <ctx>
to leave my boyfriend, and i tried to show him that ( expressing thoughts through behavior ). problem solution : i decided that's better for me to leave my boyfriend, and i told him that ( actively and explicitly communicating thoughts ). problem definition : my girlfriend wants to make up with me, and i'm thrill... | [
"protect them",
"reproduce",
"compete",
"animals"
] | B | |
qasc_2867 | qasc | <ctx>
32. 0 2595 5069 1211 uranium 1133 84 20 3900 1900 454 tungsten 3410 184 44 5900 4810 1150 table 14. 2 heats of fusion and vaporization 6 phase changes can have a tremendous stabilizing effect even on temperatures that are not near the melting and boiling points, because evaporation and condensation ( conversion o... | [
"Glaciers",
"our star",
"hormones",
"Weight"
] | D | |
qasc_4255 | qasc | <ctx>
all influence solids removal. many other pollutants such as nutrients and metals can be removed through chemical and / or biological processes. filtration is a key component to lid sites, especially when infiltration is not feasible. filter systems can be designed to remove the primary pollutants of concern from ... | [
"Blood",
"matter",
"solutes",
"Energy"
] | A | |
medmcqa_6796 | medmcqa | <ctx>
to lipids and peptides in sera, detected by microarrays, can be used as markers of the pathological subtype given by brain biopsy. other developments in this area is the finding that some lesions present mitochondrial defects that could distinguish types of lesions. mri phenotypes several studies trying to stabli... | [
"Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis( WHO class II)",
"Focal proliferative glomerulonephritis (WHO class III)",
"Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (WHO class IV)",
"Membranous glomerulonephritis (WHO class V)"
] | C | |
medmcqa_3325 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##logy ) characteristic imaging features on chest radiographs and computed tomography ( ct ) of people who are symptomatic include asymmetric peripheral ground - glass opacities without pleural effusions. the university of montreal and mila created the " covid - 19 image data collection " in march which is a publ... | [
"15 ml",
"25 ml",
"35 ml",
"45 ml"
] | B | Ans. Amount of pleural fluid required to cause a blunted costophrenic angle discernible on chest radiography is more than 300 ml. A chest computerized tomography scan is more sensitive than a simple chest x-ray and is often used for assessment of loculated effusions because, in some instances, up to 500 cc of loculated... |
medmcqa_9360 | medmcqa | <ctx>
potentially treat other diseases including visceral leishmaniasis, african trypanosomiasis ( sleeping sickness ), and angelman syndrome. total synthesis another main contribution of mark cushman and his group deals with the synthesis of various natural products and pharmacologically active synthetic substances. s... | [
"Glaucoma",
"Myasthenia gravis",
"Post operative atony of bladder",
"Partial heart block"
] | D | Ans. (D) Partial heart block(Ref: KDT 8th/e p119/122)Cholinergic drugs decrease the conduction from atrium to ventricle, thus should be avoided in partial heart blockCholinergic drugs like pilocarpine and physostigmine are used in angle closure glaucomaNeostigmine (acetylcholineesterase inhibitor, a cholinergic drug) i... |
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