id string | dataset string | question string | options list | answer string | explanation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mmlu_aux_2735 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
to male white cabbage butterflies and to communicate this message, they assume the mate refusal posture. this behavior consists of opening the wings and straightening the abdomen. opening of the wings in this manner exposes the dorsal side of the female wings which are known to be unable to reflect ultraviolet li... | [
"because they close their wings to avoid \"harassment\" when pursued by persistent and unwanted males.",
"because the female butterfly mates only once in its life.",
"because they don't like the male butterfly at all.",
"because they are afraid of the male butterfly."
] | A | null |
mmlu_aux_4404 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
design meant the spacecraft could be launched by a single saturn v rocket that was then under development. technologies and techniques required for apollo were developed by project gemini. the apollo project was enabled by nasa's adoption of new advances in semiconductor electronic technology, including metal – o... | [
"take the astronauts to the moon",
"detect alien music in outer space",
"prepare for the landing on the moon",
"move around and observe the moon"
] | C | null |
medmcqa_6875 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##biology 23 ( no. 4 ), 734 – 739. abe anellis, daniel berkowitz, w. swantak, & c. strojan. 1972. " radiation sterilization of prototype military foods : low - temperature irradiation of codfish cake, corned beef, and pork sausage ", applied microbiology 24 ( no. 3, september ), 453 – 462. abe anellis, daniel ber... | [
"Amebic liver abscess",
"Lung abscess",
"Splenic abscess",
"Pancreatic abscess"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Amebic liver abscess In amebic liver abscesses the liquified material within the abscess cavity is a mixture of RBCs, leucocytes and broken down liver cells. This looks chocolate or reddish brown in colour and is k/a 'chocolate' or 'anchovy' sauce. |
openbookqa_1568 | openbookqa | <ctx>
plant - pollinator interactions leading to major conservation implications within this group. destruction of populations habitat fragmentation has a major impact on animal specie populations because it deprives species of what they are naturally accustomed to. this makes the species isolated, reduces the area whe... | [
"all trees have been razed",
"the lake is overflooded",
"the desert experiences high winds",
"the tundra's average temperature increases slightly"
] | A | |
openbookqa_1309 | openbookqa | <ctx>
laboratory of cellular physiology and immunology. there they explored macrophages, about which little was known. cohn's " adroit tissue culturing of macrophages made it possible to observe, challenge, and manipulate them to figure out how they worked. " he showed how " the cell's outer membrane folds around the c... | [
"paint a fence",
"join a gang",
"tour a jail",
"pop a pustule"
] | D | |
medmcqa_8103 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the vagal and glossopharyngeal nerves. relations it is situated anterolaterally to the levator veli palatini muscle. from its origin to its insertion, the muscle passes vertically between the medial pterygoid plate and the medial pterygoid muscle. actions / movements bilateral contraction of the two tensor veli p... | [
"Epiglottis",
"Thyropharungeus",
"Stylopharyngeus",
"Cricopharyngeus of inferior constrictor"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Cricopharyngeus of inferior constrictor Upper esophageal sphinctor* The upper esophageal sphincter surrounds the upper part of the esophagus.* It consists of skeletal muscle, but is not under voluntary control.* Opening of the upper esophageal sphincter is triggered by the swallowing reflex.* The prim... |
qasc_3857 | qasc | <ctx>
genetic disorders that are caused by defects in genes that code for the nuclear lamina. symptoms of laminopathy may include muscular dystrophy, diabetes, dysplasia and progeria ( premature aging ). although there are a number of rare mutations that may result in laminopathy one of the most well researched causes ... | [
"resistance activities",
"absorbs sugar from blood",
"releases sugar into the brain",
"major threat to health"
] | B | |
aquarat_25332 | aquarat | <ctx>
that the red ball is not taken in the second draw, under the condition that it was not taken in the first draw, is 999 / 1999 ≈. the probability that the red ball is not taken in the third draw, under the condition that it was not taken in the first two draws, is 998 / 1998 ≈. continuing in this way, we can calcu... | [
"A)15/8",
"B)8/15",
"C)5/6",
"D)5/3"
] | B | Two balls can be picked from ten balls in 10Câ‚‚ ways.
We select one white ball and one red ball from five white balls and four red balls. This can be done âµ ways.
The required probability = (6 * 4) = 24/45 = 8/15
Answer: B |
mmlu_aux_2278 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##te the ozone and raise global temperatures. marine life and ocean ecosystems are threatened by urbanization as well. coastline construction from residential and tourism projects increase the amount of untreated sewage released into the ocean and excess trash in cities. construction and human activities lead to ... | [
"Many animals species have died out.",
"More traffic accidents happen every day.",
"The air we breathe may be polluted.",
"It is much easier for us to watch meteor showers."
] | C | null |
qasc_339 | qasc | <ctx>
found that the same genetic programming involved in the segmentation and development of median fins was found in the development of paired appendages in catsharks. although these findings do not directly support the lateral fin - fold hypothesis, the original concept of a shared median - paired fin evolutionary d... | [
"Schwinn",
"frogs",
"Man",
"insects"
] | B | |
openbookqa_2253 | openbookqa | <ctx>
and substituting known values into the previous equation yields solution for ( b ) the internal kinetic energy before the collision is take - home experiment — bouncing of tennis ball 1. find a racquet ( a tennis, badminton, or other racquet will do ). place the racquet on the floor and stand on the handle. drop ... | [
"sitting still",
"wrapped up",
"sliding sideways",
"being frozen"
] | C | |
mmlu_aux_3878 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
, was found on earth in 2000. at a microscopic level, spheres are found in the meteorite that are rich in carbon compared to surrounding areas that lack such spheres. the carbon - rich spheres may have been formed by biotic activity according to some nasa scientists. on 5 march 2011, richard b. hoover, a scientis... | [
"It's a planet like Earth",
"It's a planet outside our solar system.",
"It's a planet orbiting the sun",
"It's a planet where life have developed."
] | B | null |
openbookqa_621 | openbookqa | <ctx>
, overharvesting, pollution, invasive species, and climate change. invertebrates makes up most of the earth's biodiversity which is why they do not go extinct as fast as other species. marine invertebrates : these species average lifespan is 5 - 10 million years. many marine invertebrates face extinction because ... | [
"the type of animal",
"lacking ability to conform",
"ability to stay in one place",
"the ability to adapt"
] | D | |
aquarat_11350 | aquarat | <ctx>
that the red ball is not taken in the second draw, under the condition that it was not taken in the first draw, is 999 / 1999 ≈. the probability that the red ball is not taken in the third draw, under the condition that it was not taken in the first two draws, is 998 / 1998 ≈. continuing in this way, we can calcu... | [
"A)5/7",
"B)5/9",
"C)5/1",
"D)5/2"
] | B | Two balls can be picked from nine balls in ⁹C₂ ways.
We select one white ball and one red ball from five white balls and four red balls. This can be done ⁵C₁ . ⁴C₁ ways.
The required probability
= (5 * 4)/⁹C₂ = 20/36 = 5/9
Answer:B |
aquarat_24773 | aquarat | <ctx>
the investment vehicle that maximizes the profit. hence, conclusion : knowing the direction the market will go ( i. e. having perfect information ) is worth $ 350. discussion : if someone was selling information that guaranteed the accurate prediction of the future market direction, we would want to purchase this... | [
"A)50%",
"B)48%",
"C)96%",
"D)100%"
] | A | Purchase price = 480
Repair cost = 20% of 480 = 96
∴ Total cost =480 + 96 = 576
Net profit = 144
∴ Selling price = Total cost + Net
profit= 576 + 144 = 720
Now, Selling price - Purchase price
= 720 – 480 = 240
∴ Reqd percentage = 240⁄280 × 100 = 50%
Answer A |
arc_easy_1327 | arc_easy | <ctx>
are being made to improve processes for government run labs, but there is no unifying regulatory authority for all labs. biosafety is related to several fields : in ecology ( referring to imported life forms from beyond ecoregion borders ), in agriculture ( reducing the risk of alien viral or transgenic genes, ge... | [
"Sinks are empty.",
"Glassware is clean.",
"Eye protection is worn.",
"Electrical equipment is off."
] | C | |
aquarat_30328 | aquarat | <ctx>
of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 − p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ... | [
"A)Rs. 1500",
"B)Rs. 1000",
"C)Rs. 1200",
"D)Rs. 1400"
] | B | Explanation:
1386 = P(1+5/100)(1+10/100)(1+20/100)
1386 = P(21/20)(11/10)(6/5)
P = (1386 × 20 × 10 × 5)/(21 × 11 × 6) = (66 × 20 × 10 × 5)/(11 × 6 = 20 × 10 × 5) = Rs. 1000
i.e., the sum is Rs.1000
Answer: Option B |
aquarat_38602 | aquarat | <ctx>
of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 − p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ... | [
"A)1.43",
"B)4.43",
"C)2.43",
"D)3.43"
] | D | let the amount p & rate r
now 4560-p=(p*r*7/2)/100 .....(1)
4840-p=(p*r*11/2)/100 .....(2)
by solving the eq. we get the p=4070 and r=3.43
so the ans is 3.43
ANSWER:D |
aquarat_14222 | aquarat | <ctx>
##sen and thole found a ptas for the case where the number of processors is polynomially bounded in the number of jobs. in this algorithm, the number of machines appears polynomially in the time complexity of the algorithm. since, in general, the number of machines appears only in logarithmic in the size of the i... | [
"A)8(3/5) Days",
"B)9(3/5) Days",
"C)7(3/5) Days",
"D)6(3/5) Days"
] | B | Amount of work P can do in 1 day = 1/16
Amount of work Q can do in 1 day = 1/12
Amount of work P, Q and R can together do in 1 day = 1/4
Amount of work R can do in 1 day = 1/4 - (1/16 + 1/12) = 3/16 – 1/12 = 5/48
=> Hence R can do the job on 48/5 days = 9 (3/5) days
Answer is B. |
aquarat_15121 | aquarat | <ctx>
regular numbers are numbers that evenly divide powers of 60 ( or, equivalently, powers of 30 ). equivalently, they are the numbers whose only prime divisors are 2, 3, and 5. as an example, 602 = 3600 = 48 × 75, so as divisors of a power of 60 both 48 and 75 are regular. these numbers arise in several areas of mat... | [
"A)150",
"B)111",
"C)120",
"D)243"
] | A | A
150
Required numbers are 102, 108, 114, ... , 996
This is an A.P. in which a = 102, d = 6 and l = 996
Let the number of terms be n.
Then, a + (n - 1)d = 996
102 + (n - 1) x 6 = 996
6 x (n - 1) = 894
(n - 1) = 149
n = 150. |
openbookqa_782 | openbookqa | <ctx>
in which diffraction limits the resolution. the acuity of our vision is limited because light 27. 22 27. 23
why can lenses, mirrors, or apertures not be used to correct the spreading?
thin - film optics is the branch of optics that deals with very thin structured layers of different materials. in order to exhib... | [
"solid wood",
"glass",
"atmospheres",
"water"
] | A | |
medmcqa_4226 | medmcqa | <ctx>
high as possible while limiting the dose for normal cells. the ratio of abnormal cells killed to normal cells killed is called the 1436 32 • medical applications of nuclear physics access for free at openstax. org therapeutic ratio, and all radiotherapy techniques are designed to enhance this ratio. radiation can... | [
"Metronidazole",
"Nimorazole",
"Cisplatin",
"Amifostine"
] | D | Radiosensitisers are agents that increase the lethal effects of radiation when given during (or sholy prior) to its delivery. There are three clinically used radiosensitisers - hypoxic cell sensitisers, hypoxic cell cytotoxics and the halogenated pyrimidines - that increase the sensitivity of tumour cells with minimal ... |
mmlu_aux_1881 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##materials means that they are much more readily taken up by the human body than larger sized particles. how these nanoparticles behave inside the organism is one of the significant issues that needs to be resolved. the behavior of nanoparticles is a function of their size, shape and surface reactivity with the ... | [
"expand surface area -increase interactivity - change functionality-cause possible dangers",
"expand surface area - change functionality - increase interactivity -cause possible dangers",
"increase interactivity - expand surface area - change functionality-cause possible dangers",
"increase interactivity - ch... | A | null |
arc_challenge_887 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
it is the topic of this chapter. figure 27. 2 these soap bubbles exhibit brilliant colors when exposed to sunlight. how are the colors produced if they are not pigments in the soap? ( credit : scott robinson, flickr )
0. 00012 table 11. 3 surface tension of some liquids1 example 11. 11 surface tension : pressure... | [
"Air",
"Soap",
"Water",
"Nothing"
] | A | |
medmcqa_1060 | medmcqa | <ctx>
removal proceedings in 2009. he did not contest his removability but instead applied to cancel his removal and adjust status to a lawful permanent resident. to demonstrate the requirements for cancellation of removal meant he had to produce records of his criminal history. but given his recent arrest, he was prog... | [
"191",
"192",
"193",
"194"
] | A | Sec 191 IPC states that whoever, being legally bound by an oath or by an express provision of law to state the truth, or being bound by law to make a declaration upon any subject, makes any statement which is false, and which he either knows or believes to be false or does not believe to be true, is said to give false ... |
medmcqa_3450 | medmcqa | <ctx>
front of the sacroiliac joint, one on either side, and each bifurcates into the external and internal iliac arteries. iliac artery, external – the external iliac arteries are two major arteries which bifurcate off the common iliac arteries anterior to the sacroiliac joint of the pelvis. they proceed anterior and ... | [
"Below and lateral",
"Below and medial",
"Above and lateral",
"Above and medial"
] | A | Ans. (a) Below and LateralRef: Bailey and Love 27th edition Page 1035* Hernia appears below and lateral to Pubic tubercle and lies in upper leg rather than lower abdomen.* Please note Femoral hernia is seen below the inguinal ligament. |
arc_easy_2078 | arc_easy | <ctx>
profitable behavioral adaptation. references behavioral ecology evolutionary biology
for females, and subsequently defend their offspring, which grow inside empty snail shells until birth. basically, the larger the male fish, the greater the adaptive benefit. the advantage of being larger and more powerful is de... | [
"hooves of a horse",
"migration of birds",
"a spider web",
"a bee hive"
] | B | |
openbookqa_2497 | openbookqa | <ctx>
white, a brown rabbit and white rabbit ). black and white rabbit's tail twitches when carrot is rubbed on its tummy, brown rabbit hops when back is pressed and white rabbit slides through tunnel and is pulled up on a platform when the attached carrot in the garden is pulled up. garden tag pets – sheepdog, cat and... | [
"the cat is a dog",
"the cat is a bad cat",
"the cat is carnivorous or omnivorous",
"the cat loves milk"
] | C | |
medmcqa_3510 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the area of the clitoris and vulva without superficial discomfort. their research showed that more than 93 % of a group of 500 chronically anorgasmic women could reach orgasm using magic wand and the betty dodson method. the scientific world journal research was subsequently discussed in a literature review publi... | [
"Gonadal dysgenesis",
"Hermaphrodits",
"Vaginismus",
"Absence of ovary"
] | C | Ref: Synopsis of Forensic medicine and Toxicology (Dr.K.S.Narayana Reddy) Pg 200 In females impotence is of an active nature , leading to vaganismus . vaginisumus is a spasmodic contraction of vagina due to hyperesthesia .it's a classical example of psychosomatic illness .anatomically, it may affect the perineal muscle... |
medmcqa_9735 | medmcqa | <ctx>
dw, hidalgo - bastida a, verran j, malic s. ( 2020 ). methylcellulose hydrogel with melissa officinalis essential oil as a potential treatment for oral candidiasis. microorganisms. bender l, boostrom hm, varricchio c, zuanon m, celiksoy v, sloan a, cowpe j, heard cm ( 2020 ) a novel dual action monolithic thermos... | [
"Rapid rewarming",
"Slow rewarming",
"IV pentoxyphiline",
"Amputation"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Slow rewarming |
arc_challenge_496 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
. use in astronomy the light - second is a convenient unit for measuring distances in the inner solar system, since it corresponds very closely to the radiometric data used to determine them. ( the match is not exact for an earth - based observer because of a very small correction for the effects of relativity. )... | [
"1.496 x 10^3 km",
"1496 x 10^5",
"149.6 x 10^6 km",
"1.496 x 10^8 km"
] | D | |
medmcqa_2986 | medmcqa | <ctx>
diagnosis ( : diagnoses ) is the identification of the nature and cause of a certain phenomenon. diagnosis is used in many different disciplines, with variations in the use of logic, analytics, and experience, to determine " cause and effect ". in systems engineering and computer science, it is typically used to ... | [
"Interstitial lung disease",
"Pulmonary aery hypeension",
"Congestive hea failure",
"Bronchiectasis"
] | B | CT scan of chest showing enlarged pulmonary aeries In interstitial lung diseases HRCT shows bilateral subpleural reticular changes,with traction bronchiectasis and honeycombing(idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis).and varies according to cause of ILD. In bronchiectasis CT shows: tram tracts and signet ring sign. |
aquarat_25998 | aquarat | <ctx>
1. 91 s 51. ( a ) 94. 0 m ( b ) 3. 13 s 53. ( a ) - 70. 0 m / s ( downward ) ( b ) 6. 10 s 55. ( a ) ( b ) 57. ( a ) 305 m ( b ) 262 m, - 29. 2 m / s ( c ) 8. 91 s 59. ( a ) ( b ) 61. 63. 65. ( a ) 6 m / s ( b ) 12 m / s ( c ) ( d ) 10 s 67. ( a ) car a is traveling faster at the checkpoint because it must go pas... | [
"A)8 hours 12 minutes",
"B)6 hours 15 minutes",
"C)8 hours 15 minutes",
"D)7 hours 12 minutes"
] | D | Explanation :
Time = 60*6 / 50 = 7 hours 12 mins
Answer – D |
mmlu_aux_3815 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
the moon's last quarter. the larvae spend a few weeks at sea and then return to land. tracking migration scientists gather observations of animal migration by tracking their movements. animals were traditionally tracked with identification tags such as bird rings for later recovery. however, no information was ob... | [
"Because they don't have their inbuilt directional instincts now.",
"Because their own navigational system doesn't work.",
"Because it is too hard to use their own navigational system.",
"Because it is easier to make journey simple by following road system."
] | D | null |
mmlu_aux_2380 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
together and also hold them in close contact. water is an example of a liquid. water can flow, but it also remains in an open container because of the forces between its atoms. ( c ) atoms in a gas are separated by distances that are considerably larger than the size of the atoms themselves, and they move about f... | [
"Because of the burning paper.",
"Because the diameter of the egg is too larger than that of the bottles opening.",
"Because it is cool inside the bottle.",
"Because the pressure of the air inside is larger."
] | B | null |
aquarat_21860 | aquarat | <ctx>
nonzero probability. however, for any, alice can construct an exchangeable sequence such that bob's winning probability is at most. but for, the answer is yes : alice can choose random numbers ( which are dependent random variables ) in such a way that bob cannot play better than using the classical stopping stra... | [
"A)1/35",
"B)1/34",
"C)1/33",
"D)1/36"
] | D | Probability = 2c2/9c2
= 1/36
Answer D |
aquarat_7766 | aquarat | <ctx>
that case, the reasoning in steps 6 and 7 was entirely correct if envelope a happened to contain any of the amounts 2, 4,... 512 : switching envelopes would give an expected ( average ) gain of 25 %. if envelope a happened to contain the amount 1, then the expected gain is actually 100 %. but if it happened to co... | [
"A)17%",
"B)77%",
"C)44%",
"D)56.25%"
] | D | g% = 25 + 25 + (25*25)/100
= 56.25%
Answer: D |
medmcqa_3404 | medmcqa | <ctx>
caused a catastrophic break - up of the aircraft in high - altitude flight. the exact origin of the fatigue failure could not be identified but was localised to the adf antenna cut out. a countersunk bolt hole and manufacturing damage that had been repaired at the time of construction using methods that were comm... | [
"Avulsion of the coronoid process",
"Dislocated shoulder joint",
"Fracture of the midshaft of the humerus",
"Fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus"
] | B | The abnormal depression described is a characteristic tip-off for a dislocated shoulder joint. This is impoant to remember, as it may help you make a rapid diagnosis.Avulsion of the coronoid process of the ulna (at the elbow) can occur following a severe contracture of brachialis.Fracture of the midshaft of the humerus... |
qasc_2091 | qasc | <ctx>
##otated, non - redundant protein sequence database. it combines information extracted from scientific literature and biocurator - evaluated computational analysis. the aim of uniprotkb / swiss - prot is to provide all known relevant information about a particular protein. annotation is regularly reviewed to keep... | [
"alleles",
"Acids",
"PDAs",
"nucleus"
] | A | |
aquarat_42962 | aquarat | <ctx>
a = 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, and 41. other criteria of this sort, often more efficient ( fewer bases required ) than those shown above, exist. they give very fast deterministic primality tests for numbers in the appropriate range, without any assumptions. there is a small list of potential witn... | [
"A)0",
"B)1",
"C)2",
"D)3"
] | C | |33 - 5n| represents the distance between 33 and 5n on the number line. Now, the distance will be minimized when 5n, which is multiple of 5, is closest to 33. Multiple of 5 which is closest to 33 is 35 (for n = 7), so the least distance is 2: |33 - 35| = 2.
Answer: C. |
mmlu_aux_2186 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
kind. there are underlying aspects, such as chemical composition, that may go unaccounted for unless experts are consulted. this information provided by experts is what putnam argues will ultimately define natural kinds. putnam calls the essential information used to define natural kind " core facts. " this discu... | [
"The author is a naturalist,but not a scientist.",
"The author is a scientist as well as a naturalist.",
"The author is first of all a scientist.",
"The author is neither a naturalist nor a scientist."
] | A | null |
qasc_7322 | qasc | <ctx>
reasonable : does it make sense? as an example, be certain that the temperature change does not also cause a phase change that you have not taken into account. check your understanding why does snow remain on mountain slopes even when daytime temperatures are higher than the freezing temperature? solution snow is... | [
"Heat energy",
"ice to form from water",
"Physical weathering",
"clear roads"
] | B | |
medmcqa_5722 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##canalostomy. a microcatheter will circumnavigate the canal around the iris, enlarging the main drainage channel and its smaller collector channels through the injection of a sterile, gel - like material called viscoelastic. the catheter is then removed and a suture is placed within the canal and tightened. by o... | [
"Dacryoscintigraphy",
"Dacryocystography",
"Pressure syringing",
"Canaliculus irrigation test"
] | A | Ans. Dacryoscintigraphy |
qasc_536 | qasc | <ctx>
the process of combustion. in some cases of combustion, fuel remains a raw vapor as it exits the tailpipe of the vehicle. these particles of raw gasoline vapor, or hydrocarbons, go through the entirety of the combustion process without taking part in the process and manages to escape into the air we breathe. alon... | [
"kinetic energy",
"heat energy",
"Organic compounds",
"Decrease bodily water"
] | C | |
arc_easy_2172 | arc_easy | <ctx>
in geology, rock ( or stone ) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter. it is categorized by the minerals included, its chemical composition, and the way in which it is formed. rocks form the earth's outer solid layer, the crust, and most of its interior, except for the ... | [
"A nearby volcano is tall.",
"A nearby volcano is inactive.",
"A nearby volcano is about to erupt.",
"A nearby volcano had once been active."
] | D | |
medmcqa_1658 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the overall physical effects and facial appearance of dwarfism with premature aging. other features and findings include : intrauterine growth retardation, congenital hip dislocations, winged scapulae ( shoulder blades ), pes planus ( fallen arches ), pseudoepiphyses of the second metacarpals ( upper bone of the ... | [
"Begins at the level of lower 3 sacral and coccygeal segment",
"Absent knee and ankle jerks",
"Flexor plantar reflex",
"Saddle anaesthesia"
] | B | Since the spinal segments involved in knee and ankle jerks are at higher level than the level of lesion, they are preserved.and not lost. Root value of knee reflex is L-2,3 and 4 and for the ankle reflex is S-1 Conus medullary syndrome is lower motor neuron lesion and involves the lower 3 sacral and coccygeal segments ... |
aquarat_10748 | aquarat | <ctx>
the christian trinity. mathematics : π ≈, the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. religion : the four noble truths in buddhism. biology : 7 ± 2, in cognitive science, george a. miller's estimate of the number of objects that can be simultaneously held in human working memory. music : 7 notes in a m... | [
"A)58",
"B)60",
"C)18",
"D)62"
] | C | 1*3=3
2*3=6
3*3=9
4*3=12
5*3=15
6*3=18
ANSWER:C |
openbookqa_347 | openbookqa | <ctx>
, encouraging shoppers to buy soon - to - be - remaindered foods. they can make their purchase online, then go by the store to pick up their food. initially focusing on restaurants and bakeries, the too good to go app enables customers to buy discounted surprise bags of food. too good to go was first used in denm... | [
"stay up",
"move",
"sit",
"sleep"
] | B | |
aquarat_34901 | aquarat | <ctx>
horizontally from midnight xii o'clock to midnight xii o'clock. the stations along the journey, from zug and lucerne to chiasso, locarno and luino are displayed vertically. the first scheduled train, an express train with 1st, 2nd and 3rd class carriages, leaves bellinzona at 03 : 17. the train with the number 55... | [
"A)11 s",
"B)10 s",
"C)8 s",
"D)12 s"
] | C | We know from the formula Time = Distance/ Speed
Thus, Time = 120/ 54 x 5/18
or, Time = 8 sec.
ANSWER:C |
medmcqa_9520 | medmcqa | <ctx>
complex and largely uncertain, however, several direct and indirect effects have been observed as the fetus matures. predominant among these are irregularities in the fetus's endocrine, metabolic and physiological functions. smoking the negative consequences of smoking are well - known, and these may be even more... | [
"Metastasis",
"Pain",
"Post paum hemorrhage",
"Preterm labour"
] | A | Ans. A: Metastasis Pregnant women with fibroids are at increased risk for: Pain Breech presentation Malposition Higher incidence of cesarean delivery Preterm bih Premature rupture of the membranes Postpaum hemorrhage Placental abruption Submucosal, fibroids located beneath the placenta, and fibroids 7 to 8 cm in diamet... |
mmlu_aux_7360 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
in example
quantity of vapor decreases and the quantity of liquid increases ; at the outlet of the condenser, only liquid remains. some condenser designs contain an additional length to subcool this condensed liquid below the saturation temperature. countless variations exist in condenser design, with design var... | [
"organize flowers in a bouquet",
"put a rose in food dye",
"pull a plant from the root",
"poor water on a plant"
] | B | null |
arc_challenge_270 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
of surface waves possible. scientists who have contributed to advances in knowledge about the earth's interior and seismology include emil wiechert, beno gutenberg, andrija mohorovicic, harold jeffreys, inge lehmann, edward bullard, charles francis richter, francis birch, frank press, hiroo kanamori and walter el... | [
"by determining the age of lava rising at ocean ridges",
"by determining the composition of limestone deposits",
"by determining the rate of weathering of mountain ranges",
"by determining the type of sedimentary rock formed on land"
] | A | |
openbookqa_2391 | openbookqa | <ctx>
800 daltons, which allows for the possibility to rapidly diffuse across cell membranes so that they can reach intracellular sites of action or remain as pigments once the cell senesces. hence, many larger polyphenols are biosynthesized in - situ from smaller polyphenols to non - hydrolyzable tannins and remain un... | [
"lemons",
"ice",
"nuts",
"rocks"
] | B | |
medmcqa_4509 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ineering and biotechnology. 2015. leveraging a critical care database : ssri use prior to icu admission is associated with increased hospital mortality. marzyeh ghassemi, john marshall, nakul singh, david j. stone, and leo a. celi. chest ( journal ). 2013. references year of birth missing ( living people ) livi... | [
"Diazepam",
"Lorazepam",
"Propofol",
"Alprazolam"
] | C | Ans. C: Propofol Benzodiazepines, e.g. diazepam, lorazepam and midazolam, are widely used as sedative agents in the ICU. Diazepam use has become less common as newer shoer-acting benzodiazepines have become available. Lorazepam is more potent than midazolam and, because of its low lipid solubility, crosses the blood-br... |
arc_challenge_841 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
extreme weather includes unexpected, unusual, severe, or unseasonal weather ; weather at the extremes of the historical distribution — the range that has been seen in the past. extreme events are based on a location's recorded weather history. they are defined as lying in the most unusual ten percent ( 10th or 90... | [
"blizzard",
"hurricane",
"thunderstorm",
"tornado"
] | B | |
medmcqa_61 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, and the studio for not cutting its budget for sight gags — something he notes that other companies do. tim jones from them anime reviews found the second season funny and nonrepetitive, and bamboo dong of anime news network praised the second season for not conforming to the conventions of reality. she complime... | [
"3rd left intercostal space",
"2nd right intercostal space",
"4th left intercostal space",
"5th left intercostal space"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 3rd left intercostal space o Best areas to auscultate for both components of the second heart sound (A2 and P2) are either the left sternal border at the level of second intercostal space (Pulmonic area) or the left sternal border at the level of third intercostal space (Erb s point). |
medmcqa_3550 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ten and casein. based on that hypothesis, diets that eliminate foods containing either gluten or casein, or both, are widely promoted, and many testimonials can be found describing benefits in autism - related symptoms, notably social engagement and verbal skills. studies supporting those claims had significant... | [
"niacin",
"thiamine",
"pyridoxine",
"vitamin C"
] | A | Diarrhea, dementia, and dermatitis are the classic triad for pellagra (niacin deficiency). The diagnosis is based on clinical suspicion and response to therapy, and can be confirmed by demonstrating low levels of the urinary metabolites 2-methylnicotinamide and 2-pyridone. Small doses of niacin (10 mg/day) with adequat... |
qasc_4975 | qasc | <ctx>
cancer systems biology encompasses the application of systems biology approaches to cancer research, in order to study the disease as a complex adaptive system with emerging properties at multiple biological scales. cancer systems biology represents the application of systems biology approaches to the analysis of... | [
"massive damage",
"smoking tobacco",
"destroying",
"replicating"
] | D | |
medmcqa_6413 | medmcqa | <ctx>
by effectively reducing their genome size. genes and non - coding dna segments that are less crucial for an organism survival will be more likely to be lost over time. this selective pressure is stronger in large marine prokaryotic populations, because intra - species competition favours fast, efficient and inexp... | [
"Cell membrane",
"Mitochondria",
"Ribosome",
"Cell wall"
] | B | Ans: b) MitochondriaKingdom protista is divided into Prokaryotes and EukaryotesProkaryotes Bacteria & blue green algaeEukaryotesFungi, slime moulds, other algae & protozoaAlmost all organelle and cell components are absent in prokaryotes which are found in EukaryotesMuramic acid and Diaminopimelic acid (cell wall precu... |
aquarat_25118 | aquarat | <ctx>
the investment vehicle that maximizes the profit. hence, conclusion : knowing the direction the market will go ( i. e. having perfect information ) is worth $ 350. discussion : if someone was selling information that guaranteed the accurate prediction of the future market direction, we would want to purchase this... | [
"A)337",
"B)960",
"C)278",
"D)211"
] | B | Explanation:
Let C.P. = Rs. x.
Then, 832 - x = x - 448
2x = 1280 => x = 640
Required S.P. = 150% of Rs. 640 = 150/100 * 640 = Rs. 960.
Answer: B |
arc_easy_363 | arc_easy | <ctx>
is used to describe various extremely diverse groups of gastropods that have independently evolved a shell of the same basic shape ( see convergent evolution ). and although the name " limpet " is given on the basis of a limpet - like or " patelliform " shell, the several groups of snails that have a shell of thi... | [
"food.",
"energy.",
"protection.",
"transportation."
] | C | |
medmcqa_1750 | medmcqa | <ctx>
baldness, during moulting. here are a few other genes resulting in unusual fur : the wh gene ( dominant, possibly incomplete ) results in wirehair cats. they have bent or crooked hair producing springy, crinkled fur. a hypothetical yuc gene, or york chocolate undercoat gene, results in cats with no undercoat. how... | [
"Ca transporter",
"Cu transporter",
"Zn transporter",
"Se transporter"
] | B | Menke's kinky hair syndrome is due to mutation in ATP7A gene, leading defective copper transporter. |
mmlu_aux_2234 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
strand woven bamboo flooring can be refinished with a clear - coat quite easily, however applying a stain on - site can be challenging. environmental impact bamboo is an eco - friendly, highly renewable source of material. as a grass, bamboo grows much faster than wood. moso bamboo is the primary species used for... | [
"There are many different kinds of bamboo with different colors.",
"Cables made of bamboo can last for over a thousand years.",
"Bamboo can be used for buildings, bridges and watering projects .",
"Bamboo plants are able to grow well in any part of the world."
] | D | null |
medmcqa_7856 | medmcqa | <ctx>
sampling is the use of a subset of the population to represent the whole population or to inform about ( social ) processes that are meaningful beyond the particular cases, individuals or sites studied. probability sampling, or random sampling, is a sampling technique in which the probability of getting any parti... | [
"Simple Random sampling",
"Stratified sampling",
"Cluster Sampling",
"Systematic Sampling"
] | C | Cluster samples may be chosen where individuals fall naturally into groups or clusters. In the above scenario, a sample of the clusters is chosen at random, and then a random sample of units is chosen from within this selection of clusters. The villages are naturally formed groups or clusters in the region. Ref: Encycl... |
medmcqa_6464 | medmcqa | <ctx>
initially been delineated based on the morphology of their sexual structures and spores ; for example, the spore - containing structures, asci and basidia, can be used in the identification of ascomycetes and basidiomycetes, respectively. fungi employ two mating systems : heterothallic species allow mating only b... | [
"20 years",
"23 years",
"27 years",
"17 years"
] | A | Basal suture: the basiocciput fuses with basisphenoid by about 18- 22 years in females and 19- 24 years in males. Metopic suture: closes from 2-8 years. In some cases, the metopic suture will not close and may be associated with other congenital anomalies like hydrocephalus and meningocele with asymmetry of fingers whi... |
qasc_81 | qasc | <ctx>
the blood circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate. it includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, that consists of the heart and blood vessels ( from greek kardia meaning he... | [
"growth",
"a ray",
"feet",
"oxygen"
] | C | |
medmcqa_3688 | medmcqa | <ctx>
- sponsored by niaid demonstrated that the drug azt, given to hiv - infected women who had little or no prior antiretroviral therapy ( art ), reduced the risk of mtct by two - thirds. in 1999, an niaid - funded study in uganda found that two oral doses of the inexpensive drug nevirapine — one given to hiv - infec... | [
"Effective against only HIV-1",
"Resistance is due to mutation in codon 50 isoleucine to valine substitution",
"Decrease cholesterol and triglyceride levels",
"Combination with ritonavir do not have any advantage"
] | B | Atazanavir is effective against both against HIV 1 and HIV 2 but NNI are effective only against HIV 1. They do not decrease cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Combination with ritonavir have an advantage due to the phenomenon of Ritonavir boosting. The resistance is due to mutation in codon 50 isoleucine to valine su... |
qasc_3224 | qasc | <ctx>
energy development is the field of activities focused on obtaining sources of energy from natural resources. these activities include the production of renewable, nuclear, and fossil fuel derived sources of energy, and for the recovery and reuse of energy that would otherwise be wasted. energy conservation and ef... | [
"fossil fuels",
"cooking",
"damming a river",
"sleeping"
] | C | |
medmcqa_2576 | medmcqa | <ctx>
to the bellows rotates a cam against the control spring in the dosage regulator, to adjust the spring force on the dosage regulator diaphragm. alarms and warnings if the gas supply to the dosage mechanism were to fail without warning, the gas addition would stop and the diver would use up the oxygen in the loop g... | [
"Stretch receptors",
"J receptors",
"PO2",
"PCO2"
] | B | J receptors are activated by pulmonary congestion, increase in the interstitial fluid volume of the alveolar wall, hyperventilation, and intravenous injection of chemicals like capsaicin. So, J receptors are not a stimulus for normal respiration Ref: Ganong 25th ed/page 658 |
medmcqa_5920 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a potential therapeutic target in the aggressive forms of thyroid cancer. proc natl acad sci u s a. 2014 ; mar ; 111 ( 11 ) : 4233 – 4238. yip l, wharry li, armstrong mj, silbermann a, mccoy kl, stang mt, ohori np, lebeau so, coyne c, nikiforova mn, bauman je, johnson jt, tublin me, hodak sp, nikiforov ye, carty ... | [
"Colloid carcinoma",
"Lobular carcinoma in situ",
"Malignant phyllodes tumor",
"Medullary carcinoma"
] | B | Lobular carcinoma in situ arises in the terminal duct lobular unit. Malignant cells appear as solid clusters that pack and distend the terminal ducts but not to the extent of ductal carcinoma in situ. The lesion does not usually incite the dense fibrosis and chronic inflammation so characteristic of intraductal carcino... |
medmcqa_5261 | medmcqa | <ctx>
. glass bead sterilizers glass bead sterilizers work by heating glass beads to. instruments are then quickly doused in these glass beads, which heat the object while physically scraping contaminants off their surface. glass bead sterilizers were once a common sterilization method employed in dental offices as wel... | [
"Glutaraldehyde",
"Formalin",
"Autoclaving",
"Boiling"
] | A | |
medmcqa_2190 | medmcqa | <ctx>
lobe seizures : role of cortical slow activity. brain. 2010 dec ; 2010 nov 16. bai x, vestal m, berman r, negishi m, spann m, vega c, desalvo m, novotny ej, constable rt, blumenfeld h : dynamic time course of typical childhood absence seizures : eeg, behavior, and functional magnetic resonance imaging. j neurosci... | [
"Grand mal epilepsy",
"Myoclonic epilepsy",
"Petitmal epilepsy",
"Hyperkinetic child"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' Petit mal epilepsy "Absence seizures or (Petit mal epilepsy is characterized by sudden, brief lapses of unconsciousness without loss of postural control line seizures typically lasts for only seconds, consciousness return as suddenly it was lost, and there is no postictal confusion.Absence seizures are usua... |
qasc_5457 | qasc | <ctx>
, zoology, 19 pt. 1 pp. 57 – 58. hirst, a. stanley, 1911a. " on a collection of arachnida and chilopoda made by mr. s. a. neave in rhodesia, north of the zambesi ". manchester mem. lit. phil. soc. 2 : 56. 11 pages. hirst, a. stanley, 1911b. " on some new opiliones from japan and the loo - choo islands ". annals a... | [
"strong",
"infected",
"insects",
"animals"
] | C | |
mmlu_aux_2185 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
dichotomyctere nigroviridis ( syn. tetraodon nigroviridis ) is one of the pufferfish known as the green spotted puffer. it is found across south and southeast asia in coastal freshwater, but survives the longest in brackish to saltwater, and brackish water habitats. d. nigroviridis reaches a typical maximum lengt... | [
"most ugly animals are in danger",
"the population of the blobfish is increasing",
"the blobfish have attracted the public's attention",
"people knew nothing about the blobfish in the past"
] | C | null |
mmlu_aux_6913 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
been observed through many experiments that the reynolds number of successful strikes ( re ~ 200 ) is much higher than the reynolds number of failed strikes ( re ~ 20 ),. numerical analysis of suction feeding at a low reynolds number ( re ) concluded that around 40 % energy invested in mouth opening is lost to fr... | [
"ducks have a space between their toes",
"ducks are buoyant and resilient",
"ducks have wide feet",
"ducks have extra foot skin"
] | D | null |
aquarat_29754 | aquarat | <ctx>
the side labeled c. inscribing the isosceles triangle forms triangle cad with angle θ opposite side b and with side r along c. a second triangle is formed with angle θ opposite side a and a side with length s along c, as shown in the figure. thabit ibn qurra stated that the sides of the three triangles were relat... | [
"A)I only",
"B)II only",
"C)III only",
"D)II and III"
] | C | (9-5) < AB < (9+5)
The answer is C. |
medmcqa_6096 | medmcqa | <ctx>
circulating cd4 + t cells. these cells are thought to possess an important autoimmunity property by regulating'autoreactive't cells in the periphery. ( medical immunology, p. 117 - 122 ) lymphopoiesis for b cells b cells are formed and mature in bone marrow ( and spleen ). it is a good mnemonic aide that b cells ... | [
"Greater curvature of the stomach",
"Gastrocolic ligament",
"Splenocolic ligament",
"Splenic hilum"
] | D | Splenunculi- single or multiple accessory spleens MC site: near the hilum of the spleen > behind the tail of the pancreas The remainder are located in the mesocolon, greater omentum or the splenic ligaments. Significance- failure to identify and remove these at the time of splenectomy may give rise to persistent diseas... |
mmlu_aux_3154 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
than the sun. however, the life of the stars which the planets orbit are so short that intelligent extraterrestrial life is not very likely. a and b type stars were surveyed for the research which involved nasa's spitzer space telescope, the two micron all - sky survey, and astronomers from the center for astroph... | [
"New Planet-searching Technique",
"New Distant Discovery",
"Space Searching",
"Dream Planet"
] | B | null |
aquarat_37854 | aquarat | <ctx>
20. 0 times its original volume? ( b ) what is the gauge pressure? ( assume the pressure in the lab remains at 1. 00 atmosphere during the experiment. ) 26. confirm that the units of are those of energy for each value of : ( a ), ( b ), and ( c ). 27. in the text, it was shown that for gas at stp. ( a ) show that... | [
"A)480",
"B)487",
"C)720",
"D)729"
] | C | 1/x - 1/20 = -1/24
x = 120
120 * 6 = 720
Answer:C |
medmcqa_287 | medmcqa | <ctx>
declines with age due to the increase meiotic non - disjunction. after age 31 years, fecundity decreases and the probability of aneuploidy rate increases in the early embryo. the regular menstrual cycle is associated with the hormonal regulation from hypothalamic, pituitary, and ovarian axis. gonadotropin - relea... | [
"Prolactin",
"Thyroxine",
"Extrogen",
"ADH"
] | A | The sella turcica is a saddle shaped depression of the sphenoid bone.
It forms the caudal border of the pituitary gland. Sella turcica is an anatomically complex area with a number of different potential pathologies especially neoplastic process.
Pathologies of sella turcica can lead to important clinical presentations... |
aquarat_2827 | aquarat | <ctx>
functions for simple and compound interest are if, then these two functions are the same. continuous compounding as n, the number of compounding periods per year, increases without limit, the case is known as continuous compounding, in which case the effective annual rate approaches an upper limit of, where is a ... | [
"A)Rs.12,000",
"B)Rs.15,000",
"C)Rs.13,000",
"D)Rs.10,000"
] | B | compund interest = p[1+r/100]^t-p
CI = p[21/100]
simple interest = ptr/100
SI = p[20/100]
difference p[21/100]-p[20/100] = 150
p=15,000
ANSWER:B |
mmlu_aux_8498 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
can determine that for uranium from the periodic table, and, thus,. a variety of experiments indicate that a nucleus behaves something like a tightly packed ball of nucleons, as illustrated in figure 31. 11. these nucleons have large kinetic energies and, thus, move rapidly in very close contact. nucleons can be ... | [
"air",
"wood",
"gold",
"water"
] | C | null |
medmcqa_8752 | medmcqa | <ctx>
breadth of their symptoms, and the challenges of identifying impacted patients all complicate the diagnosis. these related conditions include : tunica vasculosa lentis : a capillary network that branches from the hyaloid artery and covers the lens surface ; if this capillary network persists, the lens does not fo... | [
"Keisselbach's plexus is source in 90% cases",
"If anterior packing is left in nose for more than 48hrs antibiotic coverage is given",
"Anterior nasal pack is easy to inse and less traumatic than balloon temponade",
"Trotter method is first aid method"
] | C | Answer- C. Anterior nasal pack is easy to inse and less traumatic than balloon temponadeKeisselbach's plexus: This plexus is the commonest site of bleeding (90% of cases)Anterior nasal packing- Prophylactic antibodies should be used it pack is in a place for more than 24 hours.A balloon tamponade may be used as an alte... |
aquarat_8909 | aquarat | <ctx>
| | | | | | - | ( see pseudo - inverse ) | | | | | | | - | is not a function of, is square and invertible | | | | | | | - | is not a function of, is non - square, is symmetric | | | | | | | - | is not a function of, is non - square, is non - symmetric | | | | | } matrix - by - scalar identities { | class = " wiki... | [
"A)2ab^3 - 2ab",
"B)2ab",
"C)2ab^3 + 2ab - 4b",
"D)- 4b"
] | C | f(x)=ax^3 + x^2 + ax – 2x
f(b) = ab^3 + b^2 + ab – 2b
f(-b) = - ab^3 + b^2 - ab + 2b
f(b) - f(-b) = ab^3 + b^2 + ab – 2b + ab^3 - b^2 + ab – 2b
=2ab^3 + 2ab - 4b
Answer C |
aquarat_10514 | aquarat | <ctx>
the national football league ( nfl ) regular season begins on the weekend following the first monday of september ( i. e, the weekend following the labor day holiday ) and ends in early january, after which that season's playoffs tournament begins. it consists of 272 games, with each of the nfl's 32 teams playing... | [
"A)34",
"B)72",
"C)56",
"D)24"
] | D | IMO 'D' is the answer.
Matches will be in multiples of 5x+4. The answer that satisfies this condition is D |
aquarat_19192 | aquarat | <ctx>
1. 20 km radius on a highway with a 105 km / h speed limit ( about 65 mi / h ), assuming everyone travels at the limit? 26. what is the ideal speed to take a 100 m radius curve banked at a 20. 0° angle? 27. ( a ) what is the radius of a bobsled turn banked at 75. 0° and taken at 30. 0 m / s, assuming it is ideall... | [
"A)8.18 hrs.",
"B)6.18 hrs.",
"C)4.18 hrs.",
"D)1.18 hrs."
] | C | Explanation:
Distance to be covered = = 40 km
Relative speed of bikers = 16 + 14 = 30 kmph.
Now, = = 4.18 hrs.
Answer:C |
medmcqa_3537 | medmcqa | <ctx>
with locally assessed ihc / fish er, pr and her2 compare clinical subtype based on ihc / fish er, pr, her2 and ki - 67 ( if available ) with blueprint molecular subtype i - spy i and i - spy ii ( calgb 150007 / 150012 & acrin 6657 ) agendia's mammaprint signature and its microarray technology are integral compone... | [
"Cisplatin",
"Cyclophosphamide",
"Doxorubicin",
"Methotrexate"
] | A | Sabiston writes-"Since its introduction in 1980, cisplatin has emerged as the cornerstone of combination therapy in esophageal cancer.
As a single agent, it has a response rate of 25% to 30%. Given in combination with 5-fluorouracil, a response rate of 50% may be achieved, and this is an established chemotherapeutic re... |
aquarat_35411 | aquarat | <ctx>
##2 compare. employee. numbers. go to compute. pay when detail employno 01013 is equal to master employno, low. detail when detail 01014 employno is less than master employno. 01015 high. detail. move'm'to master errorcode, file master in 01016 error. file. 01017 get master, at end do end. of. masters. 01018 go t... | [
"A)8/17",
"B)1/2",
"C)8/9",
"D)9/8"
] | A | At an Iron factory, Let the first shift have 3 employee and each produce 3 widgets, so the total number of widgets produced by the first shift is 3*3=9;
Then the second shift would have 4 employees and each second shift employee would produce 3*2/3=2 widgets, so the total number of widgets produced by the second shift ... |
mmlu_aux_3333 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
the atmosphere, a gas that is required by nearly all living things to carry out cellular respiration. in addition, they are influential in the global carbon and water cycles and plant roots bind and stabilise soils, preventing soil erosion. plants are crucial to the future of human society as they provide food, o... | [
"Of all living things animals are most important",
"Spores are seeds",
"All fruits of flowering plants have seeds",
"Without plants, man will die out"
] | D | null |
aquarat_18108 | aquarat | <ctx>
##ct the median from the other two values for each object, and examine the distribution of the 200 resulting numbers. it should be normal with mean near zero and standard deviation a little larger than σ. a simple monte carlo spreadsheet calculation would reveal typical values for the standard deviation ( around ... | [
"A)6",
"B)8.5",
"C)11.5",
"D)12"
] | B | Mean = 10.5
Two standard deviations is 1 + 1 = 2
There could be two calues for this.
Mean + two standard deviations = 12.5
Mean - Two standard deviations = 8.5
Answer choice has 8.5 and so B is the answer. |
medmcqa_454 | medmcqa | <ctx>
de quebec, quebec city, qc iwk health centre, halifax, ns women's health program, eastern health, st. john's, nl saint john regional hospital, saint john, nb hopital sainte - justine, montreal, qc st. boniface general hospital, winnipeg, mb windsor regional hospital, windsor, on dr. everett chalmers regional hosp... | [
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4"
] | B | The Silverman Anderson retraction score of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS): Upper chest Lower chest Xiphoid retraction Nares dilatation Expiratory grunt Grade 0 Synchronised No retraction None None None Grade 1 Lag on inspiration Just visible Just visible Minimal By stethoscope Grade 2 See-saw Marked Marked Marked ... |
medmcqa_9444 | medmcqa | <ctx>
6, no. 3 : 167 – 70. https : / / doi. org / 10. 1080 / 19485565. 1959. 9987410. reproduction in two female mongols. ( 1961 ). canadian journal of genetics and cytology 3 ( 4 ) : 351 – 354. 21 - trisomy in a fertile female mongol. ( 1962 ). canadian journal of genetics and cytology 4 ( 3 ) : 352 – 355. genetic imp... | [
"Gap (sandle gap)",
"Cliodactyly",
"Hypotonia",
"All"
] | D | |
medmcqa_1420 | medmcqa | <ctx>
11. 9 • pressures in the body 477 other pressures in the body spinal column and skull normally, there is a 5 - to12 - mm hg pressure in the fluid surrounding the brain and filling the spinal column. this cerebrospinal fluid serves many purposes, one of which is to supply flotation to the brain. the buoyant force ... | [
"Meningitis",
"Subarachnoid Hemorrhage",
"Subdural hemorrhage",
"Migraine"
] | D | Answer-D. MigraineCommon causes include-Aneurysm rupture and subarachnoid hemorrhageBrain tumorEncephalitisHead injuryHydrocephalus (increased fluid around the brain)Hypeensive brain hemorrhageIntraventricularhemorrhageMeningitisSubdural hematomaStatus epilepticusStroke |
aquarat_38063 | aquarat | <ctx>
< 9. 99 : order = 50 if 9. 99 < = price < 19. 99 : order = 30 if price > = 19. 99 : order = 10 a. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50 else : order = 30 order = 10 b. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50 elif price < 19. 99 : order = 30 elif price = = 19. 99 : order = 10 c. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50
stock under different ... | [
"A)20%",
"B)25%",
"C)40%",
"D)50%"
] | B | Given that S.P of 13 apples = C.P of 26 mangoes
S.P of an apple = 2*C.P of the mango
S.P of 16 mangoes = C.P of 12 apples
C.P of the apple = 4/3 *S.P of the mango
Mango Apple
C.P x 4/3*y
S.P y 2x
Given that y = 1.2x
C.P of apple = 4/3*1.2x =1.6x
Profit on each apple = (S.P – C.P)/C.P*100,
= (2x –1.6x)/1.6*100 = 0.4/1.6... |
arc_easy_348 | arc_easy | <ctx>
##iciencies and that this can lead to disease " susceptibility in newborn babies. the reason for this is because methyl groups have the ability to silence certain genes. increased deficiencies of various nutrients such as this have the potential to permanently change the epigenetics of the baby. genetic factors g... | [
"Eye color is a learned trait.",
"Eye color is an inherited trait.",
"Eye color is a trait that changes over time.",
"Eye color is a trait that happens by chance."
] | B | |
medmcqa_2771 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ally separable from the atp - energized v - atpase found on the same membrane ( rea and poole 1986 ; rea and sanders 1987 ). what then followed was a broad range of discoveries made by rea's group concerned with defining the basic organization and core catalytic capabilities of the v - ppase. these included : (... | [
"3 Na out / 2K in",
"3Na in / 2K out",
"2Na out / 3K in",
"2Na in / 3K out"
] | A | Na+-K+ATPase, which actively moves Na+and K+ against their electrochemical gradient. The electrogenic Na K ATPase plays a critical role in cellular physiology by using the energy in ATP to extrude 3 Na+ out of the cell in exchange for taking two K+ into the cell. (REF.GANONG'S REVIEW OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 23rd EDITION ... |
medmcqa_7899 | medmcqa | <ctx>
beryllium sensitivity and granulomatous inflammation on lung biopsy. given the invasive nature of a lung biopsy, diagnosis can also be based on clinical history consistent with berylliosis, abnormal chest x - ray or ct scan findings, and abnormalities in pulmonary function tests. establishing beryllium sensitivit... | [
"Asbestos",
"Arsenic",
"Tobacco use",
"TB"
] | A | - asbestos enters the body by inhalation and fine dust may be deposited in the alveoli. - the dust deposited in the lungs causes pulmonary fibrosis leading to respiratory insufficiency and death. - it also causes mesothelioma of the pleura or peritoneum. Reference: Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23r... |
medmcqa_2129 | medmcqa | <ctx>
needed as reassortment happen when segments from different strains are mixed together to create a new strain. with no segments, nothing can be mixed with one another, so no antigenic shift occurs. the second reason relates to the idea of antigenic drift. since rna - dependent rna polymerase does not have an error... | [
"acd",
"abcd",
"abc",
"ab"
] | B | Paramyxoviruses are negative sense single stranded Enveloped RNA viruses
Site of riboncleoprotein synthesis is cytoplasm and envelop is derived from host cell plasma membrane
They are important pathogens of infants and children and responsible for major part of acute respiratory infections and Infection is acquired by ... |
openbookqa_1612 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##s are classified into three main ecophysiological categories : ( 1 ) leaf litter - or compost - dwelling worms that are nonburrowing, live at the soil - litter interface and eat decomposing organic matter ( epigeic ) e. g. eisenia fetida ; ( 2 ) topsoil - or subsoil - dwelling worms that feed ( on soil ), burro... | [
"bees in skies",
"vitamins in dirt",
"trees in fields",
"snakes on planes"
] | B | |
openbookqa_901 | openbookqa | <ctx>
a cooktop ( american english ), stovetop ( american english ) or hob ( british english ), is a device commonly used for cooking that is commonly found in kitchens and used to apply heat to the base of pans or pots. cooktops are often found integrated with an oven into a kitchen stove but may also be standalone de... | [
"it scatters all photons away from it without absorbing any",
"a chef specified white makes food cook better",
"it was black until someone scrubbed all the blood off it and it turned white",
"confining a stove to any specific color is color-shaming and indicates white privilege"
] | A |
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