id string | dataset string | question string | options list | answer string | explanation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
medmcqa_6429 | medmcqa | <ctx>
because of the infusion of lipids into sub - endothelium, the repair has to end up with altered remodeling of local endothelium. this is the manifestation of a misrepair. important is this altered remodeling makes the local endothelium have increased fragility to damage and have reduced repair efficiency. as a co... | [
"Liquefactive necrosis",
"Coagulative necrosis",
"Chronic inflammation",
"Scar tissue"
] | B | Pathognomonic cytologic change in all infarcts is coagulative (ischaemic) necrosis of the affected area of tissue or organ.Β
In cerebral infarcts, however, there is characteristic liquefactive necrosis.
Mohan H. Textbook of pathology. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers; 2015. Edition 7. Page 112 |
openbookqa_1168 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##at in captivity. the zoo maintains a collection of large cats including african lions ( including white coat ), sumatran tigers, bengal tigers, sri lankan leopards, cheetahs and servals. the primate species at the zoo are siamang, eastern black - and - white colobus, francois'langurs, brown capuchin, black - ca... | [
"animal statues",
"felines",
"extinct species",
"people"
] | B | |
openbookqa_3257 | openbookqa | <ctx>
with an extremely long illumination run time. other applications of reflector sights include sights on surveying equipment, optical telescope pointing aids, and camera viewfinders. design reflector sights work by using a lens or an image - forming curved mirror with a luminous or reflective overlay image or retic... | [
"cardboard",
"paint",
"buses",
"birds"
] | C | |
medmcqa_7531 | medmcqa | <ctx>
with h. kallberg et al. : gene - gene and gene - environment interactions involving hla - drb1, ptpn22, and smoking in two subsets of rheumatoid arthritis, american j. hum. genetics, vol. 80, 2007, pp. 867 - 875 with e. f. remmers et al. : stat4 and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosu... | [
"a) Mononeuritis multiplex",
"b) Carpel tunnel syndrome",
"c) Lung involvement",
"Both 'a' & 'c'"
] | D | Disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) represent the most impoant measure in the successful treatment of rheumatoid ahritis. When symptoms are not improved by DMARDs, systemic steroids can be introduced. Mononeuritis multiplex is due to small vessel vasculitis and it can be prevented with steroids. |
aquarat_34900 | aquarat | <ctx>
1. 20 m / s to the right. refer to figure 3. 43, which shows a boat trying to go straight across the river. let us calculate the magnitude and direction of the boat β s velocity relative to an observer on the shore,. the velocity of the boat,, is 0. 75 m / s in the - direction relative to the river and the veloci... | [
"A)1 km/hr",
"B)2 km/hr",
"C)3 km/hr",
"D)4 km/hr"
] | A | Explanation:
First of all, we know that
speed of current = 1/2(speed downstream - speed upstream) [important]
So we need to calculate speed downstream and speed upstream first.
Speed = Distance / Time [important]
Speed upstream =(15/3 3/4)km/hr
=15Γ4/15=4km/hr
Speed Downstream = (5/2 1/2)km/hr
=5Γ2/5=2km/hr
So speed of... |
medmcqa_8076 | medmcqa | <ctx>
tracts. structural magnetic resonance imaging using structural mri, quantitative assessment of a number of developmental processes can be carried out including defining growth patterns, and characterizing the sequence of myelination. these data complement evidence from diffusion tensor imaging ( dti ) studies tha... | [
"Lateral ventricle",
"3rd ventricle",
"4th ventricle",
"Aquedct"
] | B | The diencephalon is the pa of brain between the cerebrum and brainstem.The cavity within it is called third ventricleThe pas of diencephalon are:ThalamusMetathalamusEpithalamusSubthalamusHypothalamus(Ref: Vishram Singh textbook of clinical neuroanatomy Second Edition pg -123) |
qasc_5444 | qasc | <ctx>
biomass is a term used in several contexts : in the context of ecology it means living organisms, and in the context of bioenergy it means matter from recently living ( but now dead ) organisms. in the latter context, there are variations in how biomass is defined, e. g. only from plants, or from plants and algae... | [
"Energy",
"Plants growth",
"food chain",
"agriculture"
] | C | |
aquarat_31891 | aquarat | <ctx>
of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 β p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ... | [
"A)16,060",
"B)14,000",
"C)18,000",
"D)12,000"
] | D | We have, SI = pΓrΓt/100
β΄ 11400 = pΓ6Γ2/100+pΓ9Γ3/100+pΓ14Γ4/100
or,12p + 27p + 56p = 11400 Γ 100
or, 95p = 11400 Γ 100
β΄ p = 12000
Answer D |
qasc_2435 | qasc | <ctx>
blood to flow through the rest of the body.
the blood circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate. it includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, that consists of the heart and... | [
"chemical messengers",
"carbon monoxide",
"Veins and arteries.",
"bacterial messengers"
] | A | |
arc_easy_1609 | arc_easy | <ctx>
, and often the thyroid gland ( depending on local referral patterns ). they also deal with diseases involving the skin, breast, soft tissue, trauma, peripheral artery disease and hernias and perform endoscopic procedures such as gastroscopy and colonoscopy. genetics β is a branch of biology concerned with the st... | [
"circulatory system",
"muscular system",
"digestive system",
"nervous system"
] | C | |
openbookqa_2814 | openbookqa | <ctx>
electric ( al ) devices are devices that functionally rely on electric energy ( ac or dc ) to drive their core parts ( electric motors, transformers, lighting, rechargeable batteries, control electronics ). they can be contrasted with traditional mechanical devices which depend on different power sources like fue... | [
"wet",
"zapping powered",
"hydro",
"watery"
] | B | |
medmcqa_7619 | medmcqa | <ctx>
is a slow to moderate rate of disease progression but the patient may have periods of rapid progression ( " bursts of destruction " ). chronic periodontitis can be associated with local predisposing factors ( e. g. tooth - related or iatrogenic factors ). the disease may be modified by and be associated with syst... | [
"Acute lymphoblastic leukemia",
"Acute megakaryocytic leukemia",
"Acute promyelocytic leukemia",
"Acute monocytic leukemia"
] | D | Patient has an βaleukemicβ leukemia in which leukemic blasts ο¬ll the marrow, but the peripheral bloodΒ count of leukocytes is not high. The staining of the blasts suggests the presence of monoblasts (peroxidaseΒ negative and nonspeciο¬c esterase positive). So, the likely diagnosis for her is M5 leukemia, which isΒ characte... |
aquarat_33394 | aquarat | <ctx>
multiple of every positive integer under ( and including ) 10. terrorism : 2, 996 persons ( including 19 terrorists ) died in the terrorist attacks of september 11, 2001. biology : the dna of the simplest viruses has 3, 000 base pairs. military history : 4, 200 ( republic ) or 5, 200 ( empire ) was the standard s... | [
"A)118",
"B)290",
"C)119",
"D)139"
] | C | Number of words which can be formed
= 5! - 1 = 120 - 1
= 119.
Answer:C |
mmlu_aux_1961 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
sinclair later showed that sry was in fact the gene responsible for sex determination in mammals. following this, graves discovered that the platypus sex chromosomes are homologous to the bird zw rather than conserved with the mammalian xy. owing to this work, the emergence of mammalian sex chromosomes could be d... | [
"It has a lower body temperature than other mammals.",
"It only closes its eyes when underwater.",
"It's the only poisonous mammal in the world.",
"It feeds its young on wild animal meat."
] | A | null |
medmcqa_1476 | medmcqa | <ctx>
declines with age due to the increase meiotic non - disjunction. after age 31 years, fecundity decreases and the probability of aneuploidy rate increases in the early embryo. the regular menstrual cycle is associated with the hormonal regulation from hypothalamic, pituitary, and ovarian axis. gonadotropin - relea... | [
"At the time of ovulation",
"5-6 days before ovulation",
"24-36 hours before ovulation",
"24 - 72 hours after ovulation"
] | C | C. i.e. (24 - 36 hours before ovulation) (37-Shaw's 14th/64-Dutta 4th)* LH surge precedes ovulation by 24 to 36 hours (mean 30 hours) and minimum of 75 ng/ml is required for ovulation (37 - Shaw's 14th)* LH levels remains almost static throughout the cycle except at least 12 hours prior to vulation. When it attains its... |
medmcqa_9777 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, e ; eden, c ; hogg, t ; northcott, p ; mack, s ; neale, g ; wang, y ; coyle, b ; atkinson, j ; dewire, m ; kranenburg, ta ; gillespie, y ; allen, jc ; merchant, t ; boop, fa ; sanford, ra ; gajjar, a. β nature β, july 2010 adult ependymal tumors : prognosis and the m. d. anderson cancer center experience. armst... | [
"Fire workers",
"Chimney workers",
"Watch markers",
"Wood workers"
] | D | Workers of the furniture industry( woodworkers) develop a demo carcinoma of the ethmoids and the nasal cavity, while those engaged in nickel refining get squamous cell anaplastic carcinoma. (Ref: Textbook of diseases of ENT, PL Dhingra, 7th edition, pg no. 231) |
medmcqa_9659 | medmcqa | <ctx>
blanco m, beadle k, gradinaru v, deverman be, anderson dj. the neuropeptide tac2 controls a distributed brain state induced by chronic social isolation stress. cell ( 2018 ). doi : 10. 1016 / j. cell. 2018. 03. 037 remedios r *, kennedy a *, zelikowsky m, grewe b, schnitzer m, anderson dj. social behaviour shapes... | [
"Carcinoid tumor",
"Insulinoma",
"Pheochromocytoma",
"Zollinger-Ellison syndrome"
] | C | Classic triad: Headache + Diaphoresis+ Palpitation |
aquarat_4758 | aquarat | <ctx>
if the equilibrium concentrations of nitrogen and hydrogen are 4. 26 m and 2. 09 m, respectively. answer :
two. the farmer has a limited amount of fertilizer, f kilograms, and pesticide, p kilograms. every square kilometer of wheat requires f1 kilograms of fertilizer and p1 kilograms of pesticide, while every sq... | [
"A)1 kgs",
"B)3 kgs",
"C)5 kgs",
"D)6 kgs"
] | C | Explanation :
If the selling price of mixture is Rs.30/kg and the merchant makes a profit of 20%, then the cost price of the mixture = 30/1.2 = Rs.25/kg.
We need to find out the ratio in which the three varieties are mixed to obtain a mixture costing Rs.25 /kg.
Let variety A cost Rs.20/kg, variety B cost Rs.24 / kg and... |
aquarat_23133 | aquarat | <ctx>
13. 10 540 13 β’ temperature, kinetic theory, and the gas laws access for free at openstax. org example 13. 4 calculating thermal expansion : gas vs. gas tank suppose your 60. 0 - l ( 15. 9 - gal ) steel gasoline tank is full of gas, so both the tank and the gasoline have a temperature of. how much gasoline has sp... | [
"A)6hr",
"B)5hr",
"C)7hr 30min",
"D)8hr 20min"
] | C | Net part filled in 1 hour = 1/10 + 1/12 - 1/20 = 8/60 = 2/15
The tank will be full in 15/2 hours = 7hr 30min
Answer is C |
aquarat_49663 | aquarat | <ctx>
< 2465 * 5 x = 4 98 56 y = ( 2460 + x ) * x = 2464 * 4 = 9856 00 00 algorithm terminates : answer = 12. 34 binary numeral system ( base 2 ) this section uses the formalism from the digit - by - digit calculation section above, with the slight variation that we let, with each or. we iterate all, from down to, and ... | [
"A)93424",
"B)93524",
"C)92324",
"D)93324"
] | D | (n-1)!(1111....)(sum of digits)
(4-1)!(1111)(1+2+5+6)
93324
ANSWER:D |
medmcqa_9911 | medmcqa | <ctx>
is higher than 2. 60 10 β 3 m, β gyp β water does not meet the standards. 25. mass ( caso4 Β· 2h2o ) = 0. 72 g / l 27. ( a ) [ ag + ] = [ i β ] = 1. 3 10 β 5 m ; ( b ) [ ag + ] = 2. 88 10 β 2 m, = 1. 44 10 β 2 m ; ( c ) [ mn2 + ] = 3. 7 10 β 5 m, [ oh β ] = 7. 4 10 β 5 m ; ( d ) [ sr2 + ] = 4. 3 10 β 2 m, [ oh β ]... | [
"1300 ml",
"1700 ml",
"2000 ml",
"2500 ml"
] | B | For calculating the minimum amount of fluid per day, a formula based on body weight is recommended: 1500 ml is the minimum water intake with 15ml fluid per kg to be added for the actual weight minus 20kg. Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition |
medmcqa_5802 | medmcqa | <ctx>
is not readily apparent under normal optics. defects and disease there is evidence to believe that certain defects of any components of the elastic matrix may impair and alter the structural appearance of elastic and collagen fibers. cutis laxa and williams syndrome have elastic matrix defects that have been dire... | [
"T.pallidum",
"T. Endemicum",
"T. Peenue",
"T. Carateum"
] | C | Nonvenereal TreponemesDiseaseCauseBejelT.endemicumYawsT.peenuePintaT.carateumRef: Sherris Microbiology; 6th edition; Page no: 660 |
aquarat_16036 | aquarat | <ctx>
26. 8 m / s ( 100 km / h ) in only 3. 90 s. ( a ) what is its average acceleration? ( b ) how far does it travel in that time? 29. freight trains can produce only relatively small accelerations and decelerations. ( a ) what is the final velocity of a freight train that accelerates at a rate of for 8. 00 min, star... | [
"A)45 miles",
"B)80 miles",
"C)90 miles",
"D)120 miles"
] | A | Answer = A. 45 miles
Relational speed = 130 - 100 = 30 miles per hour
In 2 hours, difference = 30 * 2 = 60 miles
Fast train trailing 15 miles, so effective difference = 60 - 15 = 45 miles |
medmcqa_7672 | medmcqa | <ctx>
electrodes in their design. the monopolar instrument called an " active electrode " when energized, requires the application of another monopolar instrument called a " dispersive electrode " elsewhere on the patient's body that functions to'defocus'or disperse the rf current thereby preventing thermal injury to t... | [
"AS & AR",
"TR&TS",
"MI",
"HOCM"
] | D | (D) HOCM# Physical findings of HCM are associated with the dynamic outflow obstruction that is often present with this disease.> Upon auscultation, the heart murmur will sound similar to the murmur of aortic stenosis.> However, a murmur due to HCM will increase in intensity with any maneuver that decreases the volume o... |
mmlu_aux_3584 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##s it when the accelerator is pressed down. this automation is much simpler with an electric motor. also, see dual power above. alternative green vehicles other types of green vehicles include other vehicles that go fully or partly on alternative energy sources than fossil fuel. another option is to use alternat... | [
"it is just powered by renewable energy",
"it saves money and is eco-friendly",
"it goes further than a traditional car",
"it is safe, cheap and produces no air pollution"
] | B | null |
aquarat_34107 | aquarat | <ctx>
respect to the enthalpy and entropy changes. explain why diamond spontaneously changing into graphite is not observed. 60. the evaporation of one mole of water at 298 k has a standard free energy change of 8. 58 kj. ( a ) is the evaporation of water under standard thermodynamic conditions spontaneous? ( b ) deter... | [
"A)0.006%",
"B)0.06%",
"C)6%",
"D)2%"
] | C | In 30 days 30*0.02=0.6 ounces of water evaporated, which is 0.6/10Γ’Λβ100=6 of the original amount of water.
Answer: C. |
medmcqa_3778 | medmcqa | <ctx>
in molecular biology, rna polymerase ( abbreviated rnap or rnapol ), or more specifically dna - directed / dependent rna polymerase ( ddrp ), is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactions that synthesize rna from a dna template. using the enzyme helicase, rnap locally opens the double - stranded dna so that ... | [
"DNA dependent RNA polymerase",
"RNA dependent DNA polymerase",
"DNA dependent DNA polymerase",
"RNA dependent RNA polymerase"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., DNA dependent RNA polymerase The major enzyme involved in transcription (i.e. synthesis of DNA to RNA) is RNA polymerase.It is DNA dependent RNA polymerase.DNA dependent DNA polymerase DNA plymerase (In DNA replication)DNA dependent RNA polymerase - RNA polymerase (In transcription)RNA dependent DNA p... |
aquarat_2445 | aquarat | <ctx>
25. 0 m straight north. how far are you from your starting point, and what is the compass direction of a line connecting your starting point to your final position? ( if you represent the two legs of the walk as vector displacements and, as in figure 3. 50, then this problem asks you to find their sum. ) figure 3... | [
"A)23",
"B)38",
"C)37",
"D)45"
] | D | 45 m East
Answer: D |
mmlu_aux_3850 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
zoology is the scientific study of animals. zoology may also refer to : zoology ( journal ), a scientific journal established in 1886 zoology ( film ), a 2016 russian drama film directed by ivan tverdovsky zoology ( album ), the debut studio album by the philippine band the zoo see also animal science, a branch o... | [
"left alone",
"treated seriously",
"taken for granted",
"taken lightly"
] | B | null |
mmlu_aux_4095 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##grapher's view of the world, englewood cliffs, nj : prentice - hall. anselin, l. ( 1995 ) " local indicators of spatial association β lisa ". geographical analysis, 27, 93 β 115. benenson, i. and p. m. torrens. ( 2004 ). geosimulation : automata - based modeling of urban phenomena. wiley. fotheringham, a. s., c... | [
"is better at finding gold than others",
"is the only one who uses math to make money",
"knows more criminals than other mathematicians",
"knows best how to use math to help solve crimes"
] | D | null |
openbookqa_2413 | openbookqa | <ctx>
doe - bes funded research. three primary research projects were initiated ( go to section ) to understand the basic science of photosynthetic organisms, including the exploration of photosynthetic processes across multiple scales of biological organization, ranging from subcellular ( e. g. photoactive compounds, ... | [
"animals",
"inorganic minerals",
"flora",
"critters"
] | C | |
openbookqa_233 | openbookqa | <ctx>
is still debated. distortions to the earth's magnetic field cause the phenomenon aurora borealis, commonly called the northern lights. the magnetic field stores energy given by cosmic particles known as solar wind, which causes the magnetic field lines to expand. when the lines contract, they release this energy,... | [
"tides",
"size",
"weather",
"degree of angle"
] | D | |
openbookqa_632 | openbookqa | <ctx>
including pluto - charon, titan, triton, eris, sedna, 28978 ixion, 90482 orcus, 24 themis methane clathrate ( ch4 Β· 5. 75h2o ) β oberon, titania, umbriel, pluto, 90482 orcus, comet 67p on mars martian exploration including samples taken by on the ground rovers and spectroscopy from orbiting satellites have reveal... | [
"Non-volcanic Mountains",
"Life-filled Oceans",
"Volcanic Mountains",
"Multiple Land Masses"
] | A | |
medmcqa_2658 | medmcqa | <ctx>
disseminated innovative approaches for the care of very low birth - weight babies ; current research efforts focus on pharmacogenomics of steroids, analgesia in term and pre - term babies and pain assessment. chronic diseases with onset in paediatric age the institute plays a leading role in the research on the m... | [
"Hexosaminidase A",
"Alpha-galactosidase A",
"Glucocerebrosidase",
"Sphingomyelinase"
] | D | This is a case of Niemann-pick disease. 1. Autosomal recessive disease 2. Divided into 2 groups depending on deficiency: - Deficiency of acid sphingomyelinase enzyme- Type A and B Impaired intracellular cholesterol trafficking- Type C and D 3. Normal at bih 4. Presents with hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and cherr... |
mmlu_aux_1905 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
wilson was the first to present the concept of a global circuit in 1920. mechanism lightning lightning strikes the earth 40, 000 times per day, and can be thought to charge the earth like a battery. thunderstorms generate an electrical potential difference between the earth's surface and the ionosphere, mainly by... | [
"we were taught so by our parents from our childhood.",
"we are taken in by our sense of vision.",
"it is a common natural sight.",
"it is a truth proved by science."
] | B | null |
mmlu_aux_5314 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
atmospheric optics is " the study of the optical characteristics of the atmosphere or products of atmospheric processes.... [ including ] temporal and spatial resolutions beyond those discernible with the naked eye ". meteorological optics is " that part of atmospheric optics concerned with the study of patterns ... | [
"why accidents happen",
"how the red light travels",
"why we use red traffic lights",
"how to stop in time at traffic lights"
] | C | null |
medmcqa_2849 | medmcqa | <ctx>
and amniotic membrane. the presence of a pregnancy test that is still positive, as well as an empty uterus upon transvaginal ultrasonography, does, however, fulfil the definition of pregnancy of unknown location. therefore, there may be a need for follow - up pregnancy tests to ensure that there is no remaining p... | [
"Single hyperechoic thin line",
"Three line sign",
"Prominent halo",
"Prominent posterior enhancement"
] | D | Ans. is d, i.e. Prominent posterior enhancementRef: Transvaginal Ultrasound by Melvin G. Dodson 1st/ed, p86This is a very important QuestionIMPORTANT: The appearances of endometrium on transvaginal ultrasound during different stages of normal menstrual cycle has been summarized here.A. Just after menstruation (days 3-7... |
aquarat_26224 | aquarat | <ctx>
as follows. sort ( s ) ; for i = 0 to n - 2 do a = s [ i ] ; start = i + 1 ; end = n - 1 ; while ( start < end ) do b = s [ start ] c = s [ end ] ; if ( a + b + c = = 0 ) then output a, b, c ; / / continue search for all triplet combinations summing to zero. / / we need to update both end and start together since... | [
"A)7",
"B)10",
"C)8",
"D)6"
] | A | 3 consecutive numbers can be a - 1, a, a + 1
So sum of numbers = 3a = 21.
Hence a = 7.
A |
medmcqa_3268 | medmcqa | <ctx>
' s role in downregulating the heart rate is well - established, the notion that a fight - or - flight response can be triggered without engaging the sympathetic nervous system is not substantiated by any evidence. vagal tone as a physiological marker of stress in order to maintain homeostasis, the central nervou... | [
"Increased hea rate",
"Increased RR interval in ECG",
"Increased cardiac output",
"Increased force of contraction"
] | B | Increased RR interval is seen in ECG on vagal stimulation. Normal values for waves and intervals are as follows: RR interval: 0.6-1.2 seconds. P wave: 80 milliseconds. ... QT interval: 420 milliseconds or less if the hea rate is 60 beats per minute (bpm) Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed. |
medmcqa_133 | medmcqa | <ctx>
surgical treatments of ingrown toenails include a number of different options. if conservative treatment of a minor ingrown toenail does not succeed or if the ingrown toenail is severe, surgical management by a podiatrist is recommended. the initial surgical approach is typically a partial avulsion of the nail pl... | [
"Eversion of sac",
"Excision of sac",
"Lord's procedure",
"Herniotomy"
] | D | Congenital hydrocele is best treated with herniotomy if they do not resolve spontaneously. Established acquired hydrocele often have thick walls. They are treated by subtotal excision of the sac. If the sac is small, thin walled and contains clear fluid, Lord's operation is done. Jaboulay's operation where the sac is e... |
qasc_3460 | qasc | <ctx>
blood to flow through the rest of the body.
circulates about 5 liters of blood at a rate of approximately 6 l / m. the pulmonary and the systemic circulations are the two parts of the vasculature. the pulmonary circulation system consists of the network of blood vessels from the right heart to the lungs and back... | [
"He",
"Au",
"O3",
"O2"
] | D | |
medmcqa_6154 | medmcqa | <ctx>
fracture is the appearance of a crack or complete separation of an object or material into two or more pieces under the action of stress. the fracture of a solid usually occurs due to the development of certain displacement discontinuity surfaces within the solid. if a displacement develops perpendicular to the s... | [
"Fracture neck of talus",
"Fracture scaphoid",
"Fracture calcaneum",
"Fracture 5th metatarsal"
] | A | Fracture neck of talus results from forced dorsiflexion of the ankle. Typically this injury is sustained in an aircraft crash where the rubber bar is driven forcibly against the middle of the sole of the foot (ATOR&;s fracture), resulting in forced dorsiflexion of the ankle, the neck being a weak area, gives way. Refer... |
mmlu_aux_2255 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
that race is over, and we won. the time now is to build a sustainable, reusable architecture. [... ] the next time we go to the moon, we're going to have american boots on the moon with the american flag on their shoulders, and they're going to be standing side - by - side with our international partners who have... | [
"it gives us experience with living on other planets",
"people can plant crops in it",
"the new spacecraft can only land in it",
"it is a place for astronauts to have fun"
] | A | null |
arc_easy_152 | arc_easy | <ctx>
( nist ), but it is not mentioned in the 9th edition of the official si document, the " bipm brochure " ( 2019 ) or in the nist version of the same. the 8th edition of the bipm brochure ( 2006 ) and the nist guide 811 ( 2008 ) used the spelling angstrom, with swedish letters ; however, this form is rare in englis... | [
"atoms.",
"cities.",
"continents.",
"stars."
] | A | |
arc_easy_1422 | arc_easy | <ctx>
. comparison of selected properties the two tables in this section list some physical and chemical properties of metals and those of the three to four types of nonmetals, based on the most stable forms of the elements in ambient conditions. the aim is to show that most properties display a left - to - right progr... | [
"insulates heat",
"conducts electricity",
"strong magnetic force",
"liquid at room temperature"
] | B | |
medmcqa_2457 | medmcqa | <ctx>
26. 2 vision correction learning objectives by the end of this section, you will be able to : β’ identify and discuss common vision defects. β’ explain nearsightedness and farsightedness corrections. β’ explain laser vision correction. the need for some type of vision correction is very common. common vision defects... | [
"Optic chiasma",
"Optic tract",
"Optic radiation",
"Occipital lobe"
] | A | Lesion of the optic chiasma result in bitemporal hemianopia not homonymous hemianopia. Lesions of the visual pathway and corresponding field defects: Lesion of optic nerve: Ipsilateral blindness Lesion through proximal pa of optic nerve: Ipsilateral blindness with contralateral quadrantanopia. Lesion of optic tract: Ho... |
pubmedqa_482 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
a, strauss k, orfao a. enumeration of cd4 + t - cells in the peripheral blood of hiv - infected patients : interlaboratory study of the facscount system. cytometry. 1999 ; 38 : 231 - 7. immunology strauss k, gonzalez h. el syndrome de anticardiolipina. acta med col 1988 ; 13 : 46 - 49. strauss kw, gonzalez - buri... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
aquarat_7347 | aquarat | <ctx>
of the highway ( with the only difference being the background color, blue instead of green ). speed limit on type - b road is 110 km / h. type c highway ( or strada extraurbana secondaria ), a single carriageway with at least one lane for each direction and shoulders. it may have at - grade, at - level crossings... | [
"A)79.2 kmph",
"B)89.2 kmph",
"C)79.6 kmph",
"D)99.2 kmph"
] | A | 22 * 18/5 = 79.2 kmph
ANSWER:A |
mmlu_aux_3923 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
the ionosphere is responsible for a range of phenomena including the electric field surrounding earth. in fair weather the ionosphere is positive and the earth largely negative, maintaining the electric field ( figure 18. 30 ( a ) ). in storm conditions clouds form and localized electric fields can be larger and ... | [
"It's a charged particle.",
"It's basically static electricity indoors.",
"It's a balance between the positive and negative charged.",
"It's an ill effect on people's physical and psychological health."
] | A | null |
aquarat_48112 | aquarat | <ctx>
1. 91 s 51. ( a ) 94. 0 m ( b ) 3. 13 s 53. ( a ) - 70. 0 m / s ( downward ) ( b ) 6. 10 s 55. ( a ) ( b ) 57. ( a ) 305 m ( b ) 262 m, - 29. 2 m / s ( c ) 8. 91 s 59. ( a ) ( b ) 61. 63. 65. ( a ) 6 m / s ( b ) 12 m / s ( c ) ( d ) 10 s 67. ( a ) car a is traveling faster at the checkpoint because it must go pas... | [
"A)7 : 3",
"B)5 : 7",
"C)9 : 7",
"D)3 : 5"
] | A | Sol. Distance travelled by Car A = 36 Γ 10 = 350 km
Distance travelled by Car B = 25 Γ 6 = 150 km
Ratio = 350/150 = 7 : 3
A |
medmcqa_8317 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the layer. every layer can have a different number of neurons. these neurons are recurrently connected with the neurons in the preceding and the subsequent layers. the matrices of weights that connect neurons in layers and are denoted by ( the order of the upper indices for weights is the same as the order of the... | [
"Nail",
"Skin",
"Hair",
"Sweat glands"
] | C | Hair * Hair is derived from ectoderm, but dermal papilla is of mesoderm-derivation * Hair follicle is positioned at an angle; base of follicle typically within the subcutaneous fat Longitudinal anatomy * Infundibulum: upper poion of follicle extending from surface of epidermis to opening of sebaceous gland * Isthmus: m... |
medmcqa_1151 | medmcqa | <ctx>
diagnosis of lung cancer, computed tomography with special three - dimensional cad systems are established and considered as appropriate second opinions. at this a volumetric dataset with up to 3, 000 single images is prepared and analyzed. round lesions ( lung cancer, metastases and benign changes ) from 1 mm ar... | [
"Low attenuation",
"Homogenous density and well defined borders",
"Enhances rapidly, contrast stays in it for a relatively longer time and washes out late",
"Calcification is rare"
] | C | Adrenal adenoma on contrast-enhanced CT/MRI shows rapid uptake and relatively rapid washout of contrastΒ material than do nonΒ adenomasQ.
Adenoma: CT features
Well defined/sharply definedΒ
<5 cm in size
Low attenuation (<10 HU) due to lipid content
Mild homogenous enhancement
Relatively rapid washout of contrast materia... |
aquarat_49221 | aquarat | <ctx>
in the square, in such a way that each point in the square is equally likely to be hit. since the square has area 1, the probability that the dart will hit any particular subregion of the square is equal to the area of that subregion. for example, the probability that the dart will hit the right half of the squar... | [
"A)5/16",
"B)4/13",
"C)7/16",
"D)5/12"
] | A | We have to find the probability that we get 3 heads and 3 tails in 6 tosses of the coin.
Using the binary formula and defining a head as a success,
P(3 heads in 6 tosses) = 6C3* (1/2)^2 * (1/2)^2*(1/2)^2
= 20/64
= 5/16
The answer is A |
openbookqa_835 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##reted 4. 5 billion years ago. conventional scientific wisdom is that the entire mantle is largely made up of olivine - dominated peridotite, some of it primordial material. anderson, on the other hand, showed that the mid - mantle is composed of piclogite, a pyroxene and garnet - rick rock. counter to prevailin... | [
"kelp",
"immersed lava vents",
"marshmallows",
"ice formations"
] | B | |
medmcqa_6411 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, e ; eden, c ; hogg, t ; northcott, p ; mack, s ; neale, g ; wang, y ; coyle, b ; atkinson, j ; dewire, m ; kranenburg, ta ; gillespie, y ; allen, jc ; merchant, t ; boop, fa ; sanford, ra ; gajjar, a. β nature β, july 2010 adult ependymal tumors : prognosis and the m. d. anderson cancer center experience. armst... | [
"Stomach",
"Ovary",
"Oral cavity",
"Lung"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e. Lung |
arc_easy_1641 | arc_easy | <ctx>
and stellar evolution is fundamental to our understanding of the universe. the astrophysics of stars has been determined through observation and theoretical understanding ; and from computer simulations of the interior. star formation occurs in dense regions of dust and gas, known as giant molecular clouds. when ... | [
"red giant",
"supernova",
"neutron star",
"white dwarf"
] | C | |
openbookqa_1420 | openbookqa | <ctx>
2022. pollution control various pollution control technologies and strategies are available to reduce air pollution. at its most basic level, land - use planning is likely to involve zoning and transport infrastructure planning. in most developed countries, land - use planning is an important part of social polic... | [
"buy and sell bikes to commuters",
"go on a biking tour of the country",
"go on a biking tour of the city",
"replace their driving to work with biking"
] | D | |
pubmedqa_324 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
and visual engagement lead to non - instrumental movement inhibition. one possible application for this phenomenon is that detection of non - instrumental movements may be an indicator of attention or boredom in computer aided learning. traditionally teachers and students have viewed fidgeting as a sign of dimini... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | B | |
openbookqa_1536 | openbookqa | <ctx>
20. 6 β’ electric hazards and the human body 883 very small currents pass harmlessly and unfelt through the body. this happens to you regularly without your knowledge. the threshold of sensation is only 1 ma and, although unpleasant, shocks are apparently harmless for currents less than 5 ma. a great number of saf... | [
"being in a gym",
"being in a sauna",
"being in a fridge",
"being in a pool"
] | C | |
medmcqa_2227 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##phaloliths. calculi are usually asymptomatic, and large calculi may have required many years to grow to their large size. cause from an underlying abnormal excess of the mineral, e. g., with elevated levels of calcium ( hypercalcaemia ) that may cause kidney stones, dietary factors for gallstones. local conditi... | [
"Baters syndrome",
"Gittlemans syndrome",
"Addisons disease",
"Chronic diuretic use"
] | A | Answer- A. Baters syndromeBater syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation in gene coding for basolateral chloride channel (ClC-kb). There is loss of sodium, chloride, potassium and calcium in urine.The major clinical findings are hyponatremia, hypokalemia, polyurea, polydipsia, metabolic alkalosis,... |
medmcqa_2148 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a healthy diet, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight and not smoking. sometimes medication for diabetes, high cholesterol, or high blood pressure are also used. there is limited evidence for screening people who are at low risk and do not have symptoms. treatment involves the same measures as prevention... | [
"Sodium nitroprusside",
"Reserpine",
"Pindolol",
"Nifedipine"
] | A | Ans. A: Sodium Nitroprusside Antihypeensive therapy in acute aoic dissection aims specifically to lessen pulsatile load or aoic stress, in order to retard the propagation of the dissection and prevent aoic rupture. The goals of treatment are to prevent myocardial ischemia, decrease left ventricular afterload, decrease ... |
aquarat_31048 | aquarat | <ctx>
operations as a ratio to the sieving range for this step approaches Γ ( the " 4 " in the fraction comes from the four modulos handled by this quadratic and the 60 because atkin calculated this based on an even number of modulo 60 wheels ), which results in a fraction of about 0. 072551974569.... if is 11, 23, 47,... | [
"A)10:3",
"B)5:9",
"C)11:9",
"D)13:9"
] | C | Explanation:
=>(x+y)/(xβy)=40/4
=>(x+y)=10(xβy)
=>9x=11y=>x/y=11/9
Option C |
aquarat_33508 | aquarat | <ctx>
remaining variables are dependent on the values of the free variables. for example, consider the following system : the solution set to this system can be described by the following equations : here z is the free variable, while x and y are dependent on z. any point in the solution set can be obtained by first ch... | [
"A)19",
"B)32",
"C)26",
"D)22"
] | A | On solving equation we get
x = 3, y = 3, z = 13
Answer A |
medmcqa_5525 | medmcqa | <ctx>
. classic characteristics of " tendinosis " include degenerative changes in the collagenous matrix, hypercellularity, hypervascularity, and a lack of inflammatory cells which has challenged the original misnomer " tendinitis ". histological findings include granulation tissue, microrupture, degenerative changes, ... | [
"Cadaveric rigidity",
"Cadaveric spasm",
"Rigor mois",
"Algor mois"
] | B | B i.e. Cadaveric spasm |
mmlu_aux_2753 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
an endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching and invasive species. the international union for conservation of nature ( iucn )... | [
"ways of protecting animals' habitats",
"effects caused by species endangerment",
"dangers of bringing in non-native species",
"reasons why animals become endangered"
] | D | null |
arc_easy_2237 | arc_easy | <ctx>
easy and cost - effective access to oil. herb hartman of woodward, iowa currently drives a wood powered cadillac. he claims to have attached the gasifier to the cadillac for just $ 700. hartman claims, " a full hopper will go about fifty miles depending on how you drive it, " and he added that splitting the wood ... | [
"cuts better than other lawnmowers.",
"is easier to use than other lawnmowers.",
"uses less energy than other lawnmowers.",
"requires more fuel than other lawnmowers."
] | C | |
medmcqa_9162 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##cleation is either due to the precipitation of calcium phosphate solution, caused by the removal of biological inhibitors or occurs because of the interaction of calcium - binding proteins. sea urchin embryo the sea urchin embryo has been used extensively in developmental biology studies. the larvae form a soph... | [
"Craniopharyngioma",
"Astrocytoma",
"Oligodendroglioma",
"Meningioma"
] | A | Craniopharyngioma |
aquarat_2361 | aquarat | <ctx>
. 9 % in traditional and 13. 6 % live in informal dwellings. average household income is r103 204 per year with 13. 18 million of the population employed. a total of almost 1. 3 million households have no access to piped water and as far as sanitation is concerned 8, 242, 924 have flush toilets, 297, 847 househol... | [
"A)(a) 15%",
"B)(b) 5%",
"C)(c) 10%",
"D)(d) 18%"
] | D | so 30% employees don't have VCD devices.
17% employees don't have MO
20% employees don't have ACs
15% employees don't have WM
Summ of employees that don't have some device = 30%+17%+20%+15% = 82% < 100%
So definitely at least 18% employees have 4 devices.
ans: D |
medmcqa_839 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a cardiac arrhythmia or alternating mris or mammograms every six months if a patient is found to be at increased risk for breast cancer. predictive medicine is intended for both healthy individuals ( " predictive health " ) and for those with diseases ( " predictive medicine " ), its purpose being to predict susc... | [
"Heparin sulfate",
"Protamine sulfate",
"Low molecular weight heparin",
"Warfarin"
] | C | Venous Thromboembolism- precipitating factor -estrogen in females PREVENTION OF Venous Thromboembolism AMONG HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS Condition Prophylaxis High risk non - ohopedic surgery Unfractionated heparin Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) Cancer surgery(associated thromboembolism ) LMWH Major ohopedic surgery War... |
medmcqa_8457 | medmcqa | <ctx>
dizziness headaches cold hands and feet pale skin dark urine jaundice chest pain pain in the back or legs vomiting or diarrhea heart problems such as an irregular heartbeat ( arrhythmia ), a heart murmur, an enlarged heart, or heart failure. these may occur because the heart has to work harder to make sure the bo... | [
"Intra-abdominal abscess",
"Pyelonephritis",
"Cholecystitis",
"GI ulcers & hemorrhage"
] | D | Viral infections are the most common infection post transplantation. These include infections by cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), herpes simplex virus, and varicella zoster virus. CMV infections presents as fever, malaise, myalgia, ahralgia, and leukopenia. Organ involvement leads to pneumonitis; ulcera... |
medmcqa_7543 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the plate, which does not contain water. hot spots in the food are related to constructive and destructive interference patterns. rotating antennas and food turntables help spread out the hot spots. another use of microwaves for heating is within the human body. microwaves will penetrate more than shorter wavelen... | [
"Glass surface on flame",
"Back of mirror on flame",
"Whole mirror into flame",
"Mirror in boiling water"
] | A | Laryngeal mirror is warmed by:
Dipping the mirror in warm water.
Heating the glass surface against some heat such as bulb or spirit lamp. |
qasc_3204 | qasc | <ctx>
area is the measure of a region's size on a surface. the area of a plane region or plane area refers to the area of a shape or planar lamina, while surface area refers to the area of an open surface or the boundary of a three - dimensional object. area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thic... | [
"observe it",
"set number",
"measure",
"feet"
] | C | |
qasc_5850 | qasc | <ctx>
28. 4 relativistic addition of velocities β’ with classical velocity addition, velocities add like regular numbers in one - dimensional motion :, where is the velocity between two observers, is the velocity of an object relative to one observer, and is the velocity relative to the other observer. β’ velocities cann... | [
"Weight",
"Mass",
"drag",
"Cars"
] | C | |
openbookqa_2691 | openbookqa | <ctx>
a juvenal plumage which is replaced in their first moult after about four to six months. the young disperse to new locations not far from their nest and young have been located up to two kilometres away from their origin. females are capable of breeding after a year while males take half a year longer. prior to b... | [
"mulberries",
"plastic beads",
"philosophy",
"metal blue bells"
] | A | |
mmlu_aux_7812 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##hic cascades, plant communities can be indirectly affected. often these effects are felt when predator populations decline and herbivore populations are no longer limited, which leads to intense herbivore foraging which can suppress plant communities. with the size of herbivores having an effect on the amount o... | [
"eat marshmallows",
"burn bridges",
"eat cats",
"create sugars"
] | D | null |
openbookqa_759 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##ulonimbus and mountains can be most effective at creating these rays. anticrepuscular rays anticrepuscular rays while parallel in reality are sometimes visible in the sky in the direction opposite the sun. they appear to converge again at the distant horizon. atmospheric refraction atmospheric refraction influe... | [
"mountains",
"oceans",
"clouds",
"lower areas"
] | D | |
medmcqa_2827 | medmcqa | <ctx>
it is not necessarily the force that fractures a bone, but the actual movement ). in the case of the late model s series, the binding could move as much as 30 mm before releasing. during his residency at stanford university, spademan had designed a new type of inter - vascular catheter. by the mid - 1960s this wa... | [
"In old age",
"Dorsal shift",
"At cortico-cancellous junction",
"Garden spade deformity"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Garden spade deformity' COLLES FRACTUREo Colles fracture is an extra-articular fracture at the distal end of radius, at its corticocancellous junction. It is the most common fracture in person over 40 years of age and especially in women after menopause (Postmenopausal females). The association of the... |
aquarat_21409 | aquarat | <ctx>
##texts can then be worked out linguistically by trying probable words ( or phrases ), also known as " cribs, " at various locations ; a correct guess, when combined with the merged plaintext stream, produces intelligible text from the other plaintext component : ( plaintext1 β plaintext2 ) β plaintext1 = plainte... | [
"A)1816412",
"B)1416312",
"C)1516312",
"D)1216312"
] | B | Correct Answer : B
assume numeric values for alphabetics. like a=0, b=1, c=2, c=3, d=4, e=5,...
solution
547809+087549+780954 = 1416312 |
qasc_4699 | qasc | <ctx>
figure 10 and the tiny granada crater ( on the right side ) of figure 9. most of the initial sediment blocks project above the surrounding material ( by a few centimeters or more ) and are exposed to saltating sand ( i. e., wind - driven, bouncing sand ). the saltating sand erodes the soft, easy - to - erode part... | [
"roots",
"Raft",
"bamboo",
"trees"
] | D | |
arc_easy_1472 | arc_easy | <ctx>
heavy babies are less of a concern. death rate would rise as birth weight increases beyond normal birth weight range. therefore, it is important to maintain a healthy gestational weight gain throughout pregnancy for achieving the optimal infant birth weight. when this theory was first proposed, it was not well ac... | [
"It is carried by the umbilical cord to the placenta and then to the mother's blood.",
"It is released from the fetus by its breathing and then is absorbed by the placenta.",
"It is released through the fetal urine and then exits through the umbilical cord.",
"It is carried through shared blood vessels and th... | A | |
mmlu_aux_1671 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
the plate, which does not contain water. hot spots in the food are related to constructive and destructive interference patterns. rotating antennas and food turntables help spread out the hot spots. another use of microwaves for heating is within the human body. microwaves will penetrate more than shorter wavelen... | [
"Microwave heaters will soon be widely used by homeowners.",
"Microwave heaters sometimes make people feel uncomfortable.",
"Perhaps microwave heaters will be first used by livestock farmers, who wish to protect their lambs in winter.",
"Microwave heaters cannot be accepted by the public because they are some... | C | null |
mmlu_aux_2609 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##rika, midnight ) are lost but can be partly reconstructed from the discussion in brahmagupta's khandakhadyaka. in some texts, he seems to ascribe the apparent motions of the heavens to the earth's rotation. he may have believed that the planet's orbits as elliptical rather than circular. motions of the solar sy... | [
"will pass the \"opposition\"",
"appears to change its direction again",
"will begin to move westward",
"appears to change its orbit again"
] | B | null |
medmcqa_835 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##cardiographic projection of acute ischemia in different myocardial regions. second, the presence of an appreciable ( β₯1 mm or 0. 1 mv ) discordant st deviation in low β voltage qrs complexes was considered as a positive criterion for ami. this criterion was included because in the absence of ischemia, these com... | [
"b",
"c",
"ac",
"ad"
] | D | |
medmcqa_1595 | medmcqa | <ctx>
diagnosis of lung cancer, computed tomography with special three - dimensional cad systems are established and considered as appropriate second opinions. at this a volumetric dataset with up to 3, 000 single images is prepared and analyzed. round lesions ( lung cancer, metastases and benign changes ) from 1 mm ar... | [
"Gas in the portal system",
"Gas in the intestinal wall",
"Pneumoperitonium",
"Air fluid levels"
] | B | |
medmcqa_5804 | medmcqa | <ctx>
opening of the coronary arteries ( usually by way of the aortic root ) and / or to the cardiac veins ( by way of the coronary sinus ). these delivery methods are referred to antegrade and retrograde, respectively. cardioplegia solution protects the heart by arresting ( i. e. stopping ) the heart, thereby decreasi... | [
"Right gastric and right gastroepiploic artery",
"Right gastric and left gastroepiploic artery",
"Left gastric and right gastroepiploic artery",
"Left gastric and left gastroepiploic artery"
] | A | Ans. (a) Right gastric and right gastroepiploic arteryRef: Shackelford 7th Edition, Pages 518-520* Best conduit for esophagus after esophagectomy is stomach* This is based on the greater curvature part of stomach: So carefully preserve the Right gastro epiploic artery and Right gastric artery shown below. |
arc_easy_1264 | arc_easy | <ctx>
meteorological instruments ( or weather instruments ), including meteorological sensors ( weather sensors ), are the equipment used to find the state of the atmosphere at a given time. each science has its own unique sets of laboratory equipment. meteorology, however, is a science which does not use much laborato... | [
"thermometer",
"anemometer",
"rain gauge",
"barometer"
] | D | |
pubmedqa_499 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
responsiveness from drug exposure during propofol - induced transitions of consciousness " s chennu, s o β connor, r adapa, dk menon, ta bekinschtein. plos computational biology 12 ( 1 ), e1004669. in this article, the authors used brain signals to predict the amount of drug in blood and if a person can respond o... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | B | |
medmcqa_6378 | medmcqa | <ctx>
. classic characteristics of " tendinosis " include degenerative changes in the collagenous matrix, hypercellularity, hypervascularity, and a lack of inflammatory cells which has challenged the original misnomer " tendinitis ". histological findings include granulation tissue, microrupture, degenerative changes, ... | [
"Silicosis",
"Asbestosis",
"Bagassosis",
"Byssinosis"
] | B | Inorganic paicles may become coated with iron containing proteinaceous material, these bodies are called ferruginous bodies. They mimic asbestos bodies and can be seen in patient with asbestosis but is not specific hence asbestosis is the best answer. Ferruginous bodies are most commonly seen in Asbestosis. Ref: Robbin... |
mmlu_aux_4484 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
next day the canadian bioethics group, etc group issued a statement through their representative, pat mooney, saying venter's " creation " was " a chassis on which you could build almost anything ". the synthesized genome had not yet been transplanted into a working cell. on may 21, 2010, science reported that th... | [
"create a new animal",
"clone a new species",
"produce the first artificial bacteria",
"develop a new system"
] | C | null |
openbookqa_2115 | openbookqa | <ctx>
or complex : a hopper an auger system two blower fans : combustion and convection a firebox : burn pot and ash collection system, sometimes lined with ceramic fiber panels various safety features ( vacuum switch, heat sensors ) a controller to properly function, a pellet stove uses electricity and can be connecte... | [
"that it is cool",
"that it is safe",
"that it is chilly",
"that it will sear"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_1981 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##i's group reported a hybrid cell combining a silicon solar cell with a water - droplet - harvesting triboelectric nanogenerator. this hybrid cell had the capacity to harvest both solar and raindrop energies. harvesting energy from human body motion since there is abundant mechanical energy generated on human bo... | [
"who like traveling in the wild",
"who work at home",
"who study at school",
"who work at an office"
] | A | null |
arc_easy_1865 | arc_easy | <ctx>
1. 67493 10β24 table 2. 2 the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is its atomic number ( z ). this is the defining trait of an element : its value determines the identity of the atom. for example, any atom that contains six protons is the element carbon and has the atomic number 6, regardless of how many ... | [
"number of neutrons",
"number of protons",
"state of matter",
"atomic mass"
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_1873 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
a shark attack is an attack on a human by a shark. every year, around 80 unprovoked attacks are reported worldwide. despite their rarity, many people fear shark attacks after occasional serial attacks, such as the jersey shore shark attacks of 1916, and horror fiction and films such as the jaws series. out of mor... | [
"newspaper ad",
"book review",
"science news report",
"science fiction story"
] | C | null |
medmcqa_499 | medmcqa | <ctx>
cardiac neural crest complex. ablation of the cardiac neural crest complex do not play a role in the systemic or pulmonary venous system as no visible venous defects is observed. derivative development due to its population in pharyngeal arches, removal of the cardiac neural crest complex has flow on effects on t... | [
"Abdominal aoa",
"Renal aery",
"Inferior phrenic aery",
"Splenic aery"
] | C | Inferior phrenic aery |
qasc_4697 | qasc | <ctx>
pruski and nearing indicated that, other factors such as land use unconsidered, it is reasonable to expect approximately a 1. 7 % change in soil erosion for each 1 % change in total precipitation under climate change. in recent studies, there are predicted increases of rainfall erosivity by 17 % in the united sta... | [
"ice",
"breezes",
"mines",
"rainfall"
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_4797 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
bats have a high thermal conductivity. the wings are filled with blood vessels, and lose body heat when extended. at rest, they may wrap their wings around themselves to trap a layer of warm air. smaller bats generally have a higher metabolic rate than larger bats, and so need to consume more food in order to mai... | [
"it tries to save some fat",
"there is little fat in it.",
"It hopes to have a good rest",
"It can carry more"
] | B | null |
aquarat_42943 | aquarat | <ctx>
2 table 5. 1 using the range ( ) function. example 5. 2 two programs printing all integer multiples of 5 less than 50 ( notice the compactness of the for construction compared to the while ) # for loop condition using # range ( ) function to print # all multiples of 5 less than 50 for i in range ( 0, 50, 5 ) : pr... | [
"A)5",
"B)6",
"C)7",
"D)8"
] | D | Answer = D = 8
If least = -4, then largest = 9
Range = 9 - 1 = 8 |
qasc_3830 | qasc | <ctx>
tree to tree in both directions. the rate of carbon transfer varied based on the physiological factors such as total biomass, age, nutrient status, and photosynthetic rate. at the end of the experiment, the douglas fir was found to have a 2 % to 3 % net gain in carbon. this gain may seem small, but in the past a ... | [
"animals",
"sun",
"humans",
"watershed"
] | C | |
arc_challenge_175 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
form a camp or survival stove to cook small meals. sustainability and recycling of steel beverage cans steel recycling from an ecological perspective, steel may be regarded as a closed - loop material : post - consumer waste can be collected, recycled and used to make new cans or other products. each tonne of scr... | [
"People will use less energy.",
"People will drink more soda.",
"People will add less to landfills.",
"People will buy more things in cans."
] | C | |
medmcqa_9396 | medmcqa | <ctx>
cns injury versus cns homeostasis. by depleting naturally occurring regulatory t cells after cns injury, he was able to improve neuronal survival in mice. however, by up - regulating effector autoimmune t cells through immunization with cns antigen, he was able to improve recovery after cns injury. these results ... | [
"I, II, VII, VIII",
"I, II, VI, VII",
"I, III, VII, VIII",
"I, II, VI, VIII"
] | A | CSF is absorbed through 3 ways:
Arachnoid villi and granulations (main)
Perineural lymphatics around 1st, 2nd, and 8th cranial nerves and
Veins related to spinal nerves. |
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