id string | dataset string | question string | options list | answer string | explanation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
openbookqa_1476 | openbookqa | <ctx>
selection. humans began controlling the offspring of livestock during the agricultural revolution through the mating of high yielding animals. theories from anthropologists suggest that humans began differing relationships with canines during the neolithic age. this is possibly when humans began keeping dogs as p... | [
"scared",
"inherited",
"rare",
"learned"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_2575 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
an area from losing its specialist species to generalist invasive species depends on the extent of the habitat destruction that has already taken place. in areas where the habitat is relatively undisturbed, halting further habitat destruction may be enough. in areas where habitat destruction is more extreme ( fra... | [
"decorate the houses and beautify the environment",
"protect the windows from birds hitting",
"attract more birds to make homes nearby",
"avoid birds hitting the windows by mistake"
] | D | null |
aquarat_31861 | aquarat | <ctx>
. 98 10. 99 10. 100
2. 92
is, entering this into the expression above, we get 21. 34 21. 35 21. 36 21. 37 21. 38 21. 39 21. 40
this equation and entering the known values gives 10. 28 10. 29 10. 30 10. 31 10. 32 10. 33
</ctx>
The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about STEM.
34.95 + 240.... | [
"A)298.946",
"B)298.694",
"C)289.496",
"D)289.469"
] | A | 34.95
240.016
+ 23.98
--------
298.946
Answer is A. |
medmcqa_9125 | medmcqa | <ctx>
use of a common bioadhesive polymer, polyacrylic acid ( paa ). paa adheres to mucosal surfaces but will swell and degrade rapidly at ph 7. 4, resulting in the rapid release of drugs entrapped in its matrix. a combination of paac with another polymer that is less sensitive to changes at neutral ph might increase t... | [
"Early PCT",
"Henle loop",
"Collecting duct",
"Distal convoluted tubule"
] | A | Pa Reabsorption Secretion PCT Glucose 100% Amino acid 100% Na along with glucose by SGLT 2 Chloride (manly in late pa of PCT ) Bicarbonate Bile salts Hydrogen ion Creatinine Uric acid Drugs LOOP OF HENLE Descending limb - water Ascending limb - Na , k , Cl by 1NA 2Cl 1k cotranspoer , Slight reabsorption of cation such ... |
openbookqa_232 | openbookqa | <ctx>
year. the fao definitions differentiate hunger from malnutrition and food insecurity : malnutrition results from " deficiencies, excesses or imbalances in the consumption of macro - and / or micro - nutrients. " in the fao definition, all hungry people suffer from malnutrition, but people who are malnourished may... | [
"Starvation",
"Perspiration",
"Fullness",
"happiness"
] | A | |
pubmedqa_246 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
patients prepare for an appointment in which they will be making a treatment decision. cancersupportsource is a distress screening, referral and follow - up program developed and implemented by csc. it was created to identify the specific concerns experienced by a patient and provide a tailored and desired respon... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
aquarat_42240 | aquarat | <ctx>
. the ( first - order ) difference of a time series is found by differencing, or taking differences of consecutive terms β that is, the nth term of the difference would be. if the original time series had a linear trend, then the difference would display a relatively constant trend with only noise and seasonal va... | [
"A)72",
"B)78",
"C)68",
"D)30"
] | A | A
72
This is an alternating addition and subtraction series. In the first pattern, 8 is subtracted from each number to arrive at the next. In the second, 9 is added to each number to arrive at the next. |
arc_easy_1844 | arc_easy | <ctx>
##ion. some heat is carried up from the bottom of the mantle by mantle plumes. the heat flow at the earth's surface is about, and it is a potential source of geothermal energy. vibrations seismic waves are vibrations that travel through the earth's interior or along its surface. the entire earth can also oscillat... | [
"crust",
"mantle",
"inner core",
"outer core"
] | A | |
aquarat_49404 | aquarat | <ctx>
rectangle ( double length, double width ) {..... } / / methods public double getlength ( ) { return length ; }..... public double getarea ( ) {
area is the measure of a region's size on a surface. the area of a plane region or plane area refers to the area of a shape or planar lamina, while surface area refers t... | [
"A)1520 m2",
"B)4250 m2",
"C)4459 m2",
"D)4092 m2"
] | C | EXPLANATION
We have: (l Γ’β¬β b) = 42 and 2(l + b) = 280 or (l + b) = 140.
Solving the two equations, we get: l = 91 and b = 49.
Area = (l x b) = (91x 49) m2 = 4459 m2.
Answer C |
arc_easy_1967 | arc_easy | <ctx>
a strong interest in agriculture and plants from a young age, when his father, a professor of dairying at iowa state agricultural college, invited his student, african - american botanist george washington carver, to stay with them in the wallace home, since carver was barred from college housing because of his r... | [
"tobacco.",
"peanuts.",
"mold.",
"corn."
] | B | |
arc_challenge_13 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
trapping method is applied in ethiopia, where the biofarm consortium ( icipe, biovision foundation, bea, helvetas, dlco - ea, praxis ethiopia ) applies the traps in a sustainable agriculture and rural development context ( sard ). the traps are just the entry point, followed by improved farming, human health and ... | [
"No, because the insects would still mate.",
"No, because it would not change the offspring mutation rate.",
"Yes, because it would sharply decrease the reproduction rate.",
"Yes, because the males would die."
] | C | |
aquarat_15743 | aquarat | <ctx>
since 1998 β 99 the results have also included information from simplified diaries kept by children aged between 7 and 15. survey results and data ons produce an annual'family spending'publication, which gives a broad overview of the results of the survey. it also provides detailed information about some aspects ... | [
"A)2160",
"B)2350",
"C)2000",
"D)2300"
] | B | Explanation :
Total Exp = 5000+1500+4500+2500+2000+5650 = 21150
Exp in % = 100-10 = 90%, 21150 = 90%
Saving = 10 % = 21150 X 10/90 = Rs. 2350
Answer : B |
medmcqa_1775 | medmcqa | <ctx>
dizziness headaches cold hands and feet pale skin dark urine jaundice chest pain pain in the back or legs vomiting or diarrhea heart problems such as an irregular heartbeat ( arrhythmia ), a heart murmur, an enlarged heart, or heart failure. these may occur because the heart has to work harder to make sure the bo... | [
"Rinke's edema",
"Epiglottitis",
"TB larynx",
"Cancer of larynx"
] | C | |
medmcqa_1652 | medmcqa | <ctx>
sodium fluoride ( naf ) is an inorganic compound with the formula. it is a colorless or white solid that is readily soluble in water. it is used in trace amounts in the fluoridation of drinking water to prevent tooth decay, and in toothpastes and topical pharmaceuticals for the same purpose. in 2020, it was the 2... | [
"Need to prepare a fresh solution for each patient",
"Taste is not well accepted by patients",
"Patient must make four visits to the dentist within a relatively short period of time",
"The solution should be allowed to dry for 5 minutes"
] | C | Advantages of neutral sodium fluoride solution-
1. It is relatively stable when kept in a plastic container and there is no need to prepare a fresh solution for each patient.Β
2. The taste is well accepted by patients.Β
3. TheΒ solutionΒ is non-irritatingΒ to the gingiva.Β
4. It does not cause discoloration of tooth st... |
medmcqa_3160 | medmcqa | <ctx>
xeroderma pigmentosum or the noncancer - prone multisystem disorder trichothiodystrophy. another example in humans is the ercc6 gene, which encodes a protein that mediates dna repair, transcription, and other cellular processes throughout the body. mutations in ercc6 are associated with disorders of the eye ( ret... | [
"It is autosomal dominant inheritance",
"Due to defective DNA repair",
"Associated with squamous cell carcinoma",
"Thymine dimers"
] | A | (A) It is autosomal dominant inheritance # XERODERNA PIGMENTOSUM (XP)> Is an autosomal recessive genetic disease.> The clinical syndrome includes marked sensitivity to sunlight (ultraviolet) with subsequent formation of multiple skin cancers and premature death.> The risk of developing skin cancer is increased 1000- to... |
medmcqa_1057 | medmcqa | <ctx>
due to chronic inflammation, such as due to stones or schistosomiasis. investigations performed usually include collecting a sample of urine for an inspection for malignant cells under a microscope, called cytology, as well as medical imaging by a ct urogram or ultrasound. if a concerning lesion is seen, a flexib... | [
"ESWL",
"PCNL",
"Open ureterolithotomy",
"Ureteroscopic retrieval"
] | D | |
medmcqa_3551 | medmcqa | <ctx>
cells together but provide tissues with structural cohesion. these junctions are most abundant in tissues that are subject to constant mechanical stress such as skin and heart. desmosomes desmosomes, also termed as maculae adherentes, can be visualized as rivets through the plasma membrane of adjacent cells. inte... | [
"integrin Ξ±6-Ξ²4",
"the catenins desmoplakin",
"cadherins desmoglein",
"Ξ± and Ξ² catenin"
] | A | |
medmcqa_6194 | medmcqa | <ctx>
% tin added to improve corrosion resistance, was introduced in 1890 for seawater service. by the 1920s, a 70 % cu - 30 % ni alloy was developed for naval condensers. soon afterwards, a 2 % manganese and 2 % iron copper alloy was introduced for better erosion resistance. a 90 % cu - 10 % ni alloy first became avai... | [
"10-12%",
"0 -6%",
"13-30%",
"20 -30%"
] | C | |
aquarat_22569 | aquarat | <ctx>
of event 2 is, as person 2 may have any birthday other than the birthday of person 1. similarly, the probability of event 3 given that event 2 occurred is, as person 3 may have any of the birthdays not already taken by persons 1 and 2. this continues until finally the probability of event 23 given that all preced... | [
"A)1/5",
"B)1/7",
"C)1/9",
"D)1/2"
] | A | 3!4! Required probability = 3!4!/6! = 1/5
ANSWER A |
medmcqa_3868 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a tool to examine various membrane protein functions. carbohydrates plasma membranes also contain carbohydrates, predominantly glycoproteins, but with some glycolipids ( cerebrosides and gangliosides ). carbohydrates are important in the role of cell - cell recognition in eukaryotes ; they are located on the surf... | [
"b",
"c",
"ac",
"ad"
] | D | The oligosaccharide units of a glycoprotein are covalently linked to the polypeptide by specific glycosidic bond, termed as the glycopeptide bond.
Core protein is found in proteoglycans, not in glycoproteins.
The length of the oligosaccharide chain is relatively short (2-10 sugar residues) in glycoproteins, whereas it ... |
openbookqa_1946 | openbookqa | <ctx>
stranger represented a potential loss of the new attachment figure and it was the fear of re - experiencing this loss that prompted their behavior. those children with stranger anxiety will rarely go beyond their caregiver to explore their surroundings. stranger terror elicits strong reactions from children as de... | [
"a running boiler",
"an iceberg",
"a wet towel",
"a sofa"
] | A | |
aquarat_40414 | aquarat | <ctx>
february 24, 2009 purchased recycled paper greetings. in two cash deals with schurman fine papers on april 17, 2009, the company sold its remaining 341 stores to them, and in the second deal bought schurman's wholesale division, papyrus brand cards and paper products, and a 15 % equity stake in schurman. in april... | [
"A)17,010",
"B)2,100",
"C)1,890",
"D)1,950"
] | D | 10% ---- 195 millions
for 100% => ( 195 * 100% )/10% = 1950.
Option D. |
aquarat_40703 | aquarat | <ctx>
of use a professor's exam scores are approximately distributed normally with mean 80 and standard deviation 5. only a cumulative from mean table is available. what is the probability that a student scores an 82 or less? what is the probability that a student scores a 90 or more? what is the probability that a stu... | [
"A)74",
"B)76",
"C)78",
"D)80"
] | A | A score of 58 was 2 standard deviations below the mean --> 58 = Mean - 2d
A score of 98 was 3 standard deviations above the mean --> 98 = Mean + 3d
Solving above for Mean R= 74.
Answer: A. |
medmcqa_325 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ugliani, r., munoz rojas, v., martins, a., valadares, e., clarke, j., goes, j., kakkis, e., worden, m., sidman, m., cox, g. : a dose - optimization trial of laronidase ( aldurazyme ) in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis i. molecular genetics and metabolism, 96 ( 1 ) ; 13 - 19, 2009. clarke, l. a., wraith, j. ... | [
"Permethrin",
"Retinoids",
"Ivermectin",
"Co-trimoxazole"
] | C | Ans. C: Ivermectin Ivermectin is used as single oral dose of 200 microgram/ kg body weight It can be repeated after 2 weeks It is indicated in epidemics of scabies in orphanages and Norwegian scabies Scabies: Incubation period: 4 weeks Pathognomic lesion: Burrow, which lies in stratum corneum MC site in infants: Scalp,... |
qasc_7939 | qasc | <ctx>
nanoparticles to the ceramic element and / or to the activated charcoal to suppress growth of pathogens. small, hand - pumped reverse osmosis filters were originally developed for the military in the late 1980s for use as survival equipment, for example, to be included with inflatable rafts on aircraft. civilian ... | [
"chlorine bleach",
"Heat energy",
"evaporation",
"oxygen"
] | A | |
aquarat_7007 | aquarat | <ctx>
generated power is a variable resource, and the amount of electricity produced at any given point in time by a given plant will depend on wind speeds, air density, and turbine characteristics ( among other factors ). if wind speed is too low ( less than about 2. 5 m / s ) then the wind turbines will not be able t... | [
"A)2880.",
"B)4860.",
"C)5780",
"D)5760"
] | D | Normal Day = 800 kw/h
Stormy Day = 800*1.2=960 kw/h
3 windmills for 2 hours on stormy day
960*3*2=5760
Answer: D |
medmcqa_7805 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##asis urolithiasis ( urinary bladder stones ) can progress to bladder outlet obstruction cholelithiasis ( gallstones ) can predispose to cholecystitis ( gall bladder infections ) and ascending cholangitis ( biliary tree infection ) can progress to choledocholithiasis ( gallstones in the bile duct ) and gallstone... | [
"Jaundice is the earliest symptom",
"Mild raise in serum bilirubin level",
"Right upper quadrant pain",
"Vomiting is relatively common"
] | A | (A) Jaundice is the earliest symptom # ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS often begins as an attack of biliary pain that progressively worsens.> Approximately 60 to 70% of patients report having experienced prior attacks that resolved spontaneously.> As the episode progresses, however, the pain of acute cholecystitis becomes more gen... |
qasc_1008 | qasc | <ctx>
the ground in an attempt to kill them before being hung from their rear legs and skinned alive. one investigator filmed a raccoon dog being skinned alive before being thrown onto a heap of carcasses. after the skinning it still had enough strength to lift its bloodied head and stare into the camera. a 2013 invest... | [
"fats",
"camouflaged",
"safe",
"warm"
] | D | |
arc_challenge_34 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
single initial / final item in the bins is mapped to the initial item in. note that these are the largest initial items. the middle items in the and bins are mapped to the middle items in. note that these bins contain all the middle items. therefore, all items in and are mapped to all non - final items in, plus a... | [
"air",
"ice",
"sand",
"water"
] | A | |
medmcqa_5890 | medmcqa | <ctx>
growth. there are several maternal factors, which include age, nutritional status, alcohol use, smoking, and medical conditions. insufficient uteroplacental perfusion is an example of a placental factor. chromosomal abnormalities and genetic diseases are examples of fetal factors. complications for the infant inc... | [
"Warm chain",
"Cold chain",
"Kangaroo Mother care",
"Radiant warmer"
] | B | Neonatal hypothermia induces peripheral vasoconstriction leading to increased metabolism- Hypoxia Hypoglycemia Metabolic acidosis. Components of the warm chain 1. Thermal care in delivery room 2. Warm resuscitation 3. Immediate drying 4. Skin-to-skin contact 5. Breast feeding 6. Bathing postponing 7. Clothing and beddi... |
arc_challenge_143 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
of the carmel. a long period of erosion stripped away most of the san rafael group in the area along with any formations that may have been laid down in the cretaceous period. uplift starting 70 million years ago and extending well into the cenozoic, a mountain - building event called the laramide orogeny uplifte... | [
"layering the rocks",
"crystallizing the rocks",
"folding the layers of the rocks",
"rounding the shapes of the rocks"
] | D | |
medmcqa_7998 | medmcqa | <ctx>
be reactivated upon re - acidification. the stability of pepsin at high ph has significant implications on disease attributed to laryngopharyngeal reflux. pepsin remains in the larynx following a gastric reflux event. at the mean ph of the laryngopharynx ( ph = 6. 8 ) pepsin would be inactive but could be reactiv... | [
"Increased Growth hormones secretion",
"Enhanced rate of gluconegenesis",
"Increased absorption of amino acids from diet",
"Increased secretion of Insulin"
] | D | Nutrition experiments with various levels of calorie and protein intake were carried out on five healthy young men. Three series of experiments with two persons each were undeaken for periods up to 14 days. The first pa of each experiment, with 1100 to 1500 kcal/day, was immediately followed by the second pa, with 3500... |
aquarat_711 | aquarat | <ctx>
29 the next number in the list after 2 is 3 ; cross out every 3rd number in the list after 3 by counting up from 3 in increments of 3 ( these will be all the multiples of 3 in the list ) : 2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 25 29 the next number not yet crossed out in the list after 3 is 5 ; cross out every 5th number in the... | [
"A)30",
"B)32",
"C)34",
"D)36"
] | B | The series is
4*4=16
16/2=8
8*4=32
32/2=16
16*4=64
64/2=32
ANSWER: B |
openbookqa_423 | openbookqa | <ctx>
should i? " or " you can't make me. " this is called a " polarity response " because it motivates the subject to consider the polar opposite of the suggestion. the conscious mind recognizes negation in speech ( " don't do x " ) but according to erickson, the unconscious mind pays more attention to the " x " than ... | [
"a bale of hay",
"a piece of carrot",
"a chunk of apple",
"a chunk of pork"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_3053 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
and thus lacks a center. because of this, one could not imagine where an ethereal soul would go, due to the universe's infinite nature. they believe that infinity exists in time as well as in space, for all levels of life. raelians believe that humanity would be able to create life on other planets only if humani... | [
"do some scientific research work",
"find out its similarity to earth",
"avoid the dying away of many other species",
"find on Mars living place for the increasing human beings"
] | D | null |
medmcqa_6773 | medmcqa | <ctx>
1. 07 Γ 10β13 ; ( b ) k = 2. 51 10β3 ; ( c ) k = 4. 83 103 ; ( d ) k = 0. 219 ; ( e ) k = 16. 1 45. the standard free energy change is when reactants and products are in their standard states ( 1 bar or 1 atm ), q = 1. as the reaction proceeds toward equilibrium, the reaction shifts left ( the amount of products ... | [
"Hydroxylation",
"Oxidation",
"Glucuronidation",
"Methylation"
] | D | Ans. D. Methylation |
mmlu_aux_5147 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
strand woven bamboo flooring can be refinished with a clear - coat quite easily, however applying a stain on - site can be challenging. environmental impact bamboo is an eco - friendly, highly renewable source of material. as a grass, bamboo grows much faster than wood. moso bamboo is the primary species used for... | [
"It grows quickly.",
"It's wood.",
"It is easy to cut.",
"It is very thin."
] | A | null |
qasc_3893 | qasc | <ctx>
. w. omholt. 2003. the gene csd is the primary signal for sexual development in the honeybee and encodes an sr - type protein. cell 114 : 419 - 429 [ cover article ]. amdam, g. v., k. norberg, m. k. fondrk, and r. e. page. 2004. reproductive ground plan may mediate colony - level effects on individual foraging be... | [
"photons",
"sex hormones",
"nerves",
"Most plants"
] | B | |
medmcqa_4258 | medmcqa | <ctx>
breadth of their symptoms, and the challenges of identifying impacted patients all complicate the diagnosis. these related conditions include : tunica vasculosa lentis : a capillary network that branches from the hyaloid artery and covers the lens surface ; if this capillary network persists, the lens does not fo... | [
"Ill- defined disc margin",
"Deep physiological cup",
"Absent venous pulsation",
"Bending of blood vessels"
] | B | Physiological cup is filled and obliterated (not becomes deep).
Ophthalmoscopic signs of papilloedema
Blurring of disc margin (first sign)
Venous :- Engorgment, congestion, loss of pulsation
Hyperemia of the disc with capillary dilatation.
Filling of physiological cup with gradual obliteration of physiological cup.
... |
medmcqa_1605 | medmcqa | <ctx>
re - entry ventricular arrhythmia is a type of paroxysmal tachycardia occurring in the ventricle where the cause of the arrhythmia is due to the electric signal not completing the normal circuit, but rather an alternative circuit looping back upon itself. there develops a self - perpetuating rapid and abnormal ac... | [
"Fusion beats",
"Extreme left axis deviation",
"Very broad QRS complexes (> 140 ms)",
"Non response to carotid sinus massage"
] | C | |
mmlu_aux_8090 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
". a subsequent edition in the tribune - review bore the headline " searchers fail to find object ". authorities discounted proposed explanations such as a plane crash, errant missile test, or reentering satellite debris and generally assumed it to be a meteor. astronomer paul annear said the fireball was likely ... | [
"something from space entered the atmosphere",
"a lizard built the hole",
"the moon's gravity pulled sand out of the hole",
"a dust storm filled it in"
] | A | null |
medmcqa_2163 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ten and casein. based on that hypothesis, diets that eliminate foods containing either gluten or casein, or both, are widely promoted, and many testimonials can be found describing benefits in autism - related symptoms, notably social engagement and verbal skills. studies supporting those claims had significant... | [
"Cystic fibrosis",
"Lactose intolerance",
"Rotavirus induced diarrhea",
"Intestinal tuberculosis"
] | B | Presence of acidic stools with reducing substance positive, suggests a diagnosis of lactose intolerance. |
medmcqa_7638 | medmcqa | <ctx>
initially been delineated based on the morphology of their sexual structures and spores ; for example, the spore - containing structures, asci and basidia, can be used in the identification of ascomycetes and basidiomycetes, respectively. fungi employ two mating systems : heterothallic species allow mating only b... | [
"Mucormycosis",
"Aspergillosis",
"Cryptococcus neoformans",
"Coccidioides immitis"
] | A | The organisms appear as large,Β nonseptate hyphae with branching at obtuse angles.Β Round or ovoid sporangia are also frequently seen in the tissue section.
Histopathologically, mucormycosis should be differentiated from aspergillosis in which the former has an acute angulating branched hyphae of smaller width and latter... |
aquarat_2544 | aquarat | <ctx>
in mathematics, a power of three is a number of the form where is an integer, that is, the result of exponentiation with number three as the base and integer as the exponent. in a context where only integers are considered, is restricted to non - negative values, so there are 1, 3, and 3 multiplied by itself a ce... | [
"A)2",
"B)3",
"C)4",
"D)5"
] | B | the number of 3s in 9!= 9/3=3..
ans B |
openbookqa_851 | openbookqa | <ctx>
, and byproducts resulting from sugar beets and sugarcane processing. roughages : grass pastures, or plant parts like hay, silage, root crops, straw, and stover. diets given to different species are all not the same. for example, livestock animals are fed on a diet that consists mainly of roughages, while poultry... | [
"consume enough food",
"exercise regularly",
"sleep long hours",
"reproduce"
] | A | |
mmlu_aux_2479 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
mark charles lee usaf colonel, ( born august 14, 1952 ) is a former nasa astronaut who flew on four space shuttle missions. he retired from the air force and nasa on july 1, 2001. early life lee was born august 14, 1952, in viroqua, wisconsin, and graduated from viroqua high school in 1970. lee is an eagle scout.... | [
"he is tired and hopes for a good rest",
"he has been offered a better position",
"he was commander of Endeavour's final voyage",
"he hopes to spend more time with his family"
] | D | null |
mmlu_aux_4360 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
whenever it falls asleep ), the amount of deep sleep will selectively increase in the hemisphere that was deprived of sleep when both hemispheres are allowed to sleep freely. the neurobiological background for unihemispheric sleep is still unclear. in experiments on cats in which the connection between the left a... | [
"Ducks with one eye open at the edge can still enjoy a certain degree of sleep.",
"Ducks with less sense of duty usually choose to stay in the center of a row.",
"Ducks on the northern end of a row would keep their eye facing the south open.",
"A video tape recorder was the only electronic device used in the ... | A | null |
medmcqa_6220 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##phaloliths. calculi are usually asymptomatic, and large calculi may have required many years to grow to their large size. cause from an underlying abnormal excess of the mineral, e. g., with elevated levels of calcium ( hypercalcaemia ) that may cause kidney stones, dietary factors for gallstones. local conditi... | [
"Insulinoma",
"VIPoma",
"Somastostatinoma",
"Glucagonoma"
] | C | Somatostatinoma syndrome is a triad of diabetes mellitus, diarrhea and gallstones, but also includes weight loss and hypochlorhydria. |
medmcqa_3982 | medmcqa | <ctx>
in areas of seizure onset and is not as pronounced as the blood flow increase during the seizure. cranial ultrasound cranial ultrasound is usually only used in babies, whose open fontanelles provide acoustic windows allowing ultrasound imaging of the brain. advantages include the absence of ionising radiation and... | [
"Ventricular dilatation",
"Midline shift",
"Epilepsy",
"Vascular lesions"
] | A | Ans. Ventricular dilatation |
mmlu_aux_2361 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
plant biodiversity declines, the remaining plants face diminishing productivity. biodiversity loss threatens ecosystem productivity and services such as food, fresh water, raw materials and medicinal resources. a 2019 report that assessed a total of 28, 000 plant species concluded that close to half of them were ... | [
"Hunting",
"Poisoning",
"Disease",
"Flood."
] | C | null |
mmlu_aux_2001 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
years ). this suggests that individual use of temperature is a cue that allows for population - level adaptation to climate change. in other words, in a warming world, many migratory birds are predicted to depart earlier in the year for their summer or winter destination. in polygynous species with considerable s... | [
"How they manage to migrate successfully.",
"Why they migrate to warmer places.",
"When they start migrating each year.",
"Whether some birds fly faster than others."
] | A | null |
aquarat_166 | aquarat | <ctx>
stock under different stock valuation methods can be confusing. another example is modelling labour variances with learning curve corrections and stock level changes. with the absence of a basic profit model in an algebraic form, confident development of such models is difficult. the development of spreadsheets h... | [
"A)9:6",
"B)9:8",
"C)9:14",
"D)9:9"
] | C | (3*6 + 6*6): (7*12)
54:84 => 9:14.Answer:C |
medmcqa_4052 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the 1930s, hundreds of cases of tay β sachs disease had been reported in medical literature. david slome, a researcher in the department of social biology at the university of london, summarizing the knowledge of the time, concluded that tay β sachs disease was caused by a single genetic defect, and that it follo... | [
"Cystine",
"Cysteine",
"Arginine",
"Ornithine E Lysine"
] | D | Ans. Ornithine E Lysine |
medmcqa_3385 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the rectangular region
another more general class of polygons, the surrounding polygons, are simple polygons that have some of the given points as vertices and enclose all of the points. they are again locally connected, and can be listed in polynomial time per polygon. the algorithm constructs a tree of polygon... | [
"Bar diagram",
"Complete bar diagram",
"Multiple bar diagram",
"Histogram blocks"
] | D | Ans. d (Histogram blocks) (Ref. Park PSM 22nd/ 788; Methods in Bio-statistics, by B. K. Mahajan 6th/p. 23)Quantitative data is presented by the following graphsQualitative or discrete or enumeration data is presented by the following graphs:# Histogram.# Bar diagram# Frequency polygon.# Pie or sector diagram# Frequency... |
medmcqa_166 | medmcqa | <ctx>
tailor catheters for cardiovascular, urological, gastrointestinal, neurovascular, and ophthalmic applications. celiac disease β another way of spelling coeliac disease cell biology β also called cytology, is a branch of biology that studies the structure and function of the cell, which is the basic unit of life. ... | [
"The middle cranial fossa contains the cribriform plate.",
"The anterior cranial fossa contains the pituitary gland.",
"The middle cranial fossa is floored by the sphenoid and temporal bones.",
"The internal acoustic meatus lies in the middle cranial fossa."
] | C | The floor of the middle cranial fossa is made up of the body and greater wing of the sphenoid as well as the squamous temporal bone. The cribriform plate forms pa of the floor of the anterior cranial fossa The middle cranial fossa contains the pituitary gland. The internal acoustic meatus lies in the posterior cranial ... |
aquarat_40216 | aquarat | <ctx>
3. 00 cm rectangular coil in a 0. 640 t field. how many turns are in the coil? ( b ) is this number of turns of wire practical for a 1. 00 by 3. 00 cm coil? 33. integrated concepts this problem refers to the bicycle generator considered in the previous problem. it is driven by a 1. 60 cm diameter wheel that rolls... | [
"A)2",
"B)3",
"C)4",
"D)5"
] | C | The bicyclist covers y meters in t hrs. So he covers y/t meters in one hour.
To cover y/t meters, the bicycle's wheel went round and round that is, multiple times, the wheel completed one circumference on the road. How many times did it complete one full rotation. Since the circumference is x, the number of times it co... |
arc_challenge_850 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
a hybrid vehicle is one that uses two or more distinct types of power, such as submarines that use diesel when surfaced and batteries when submerged. other means to store energy include pressurized fluid in hydraulic hybrids. hybrid powertrains are designed to switch from one power source to another to maximize b... | [
"produce more horsepower.",
"eliminate greenhouse gas emissions.",
"operate independently of fossil fuels.",
"provide better gas mileage."
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_3049 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##inths from an introduced species ( tupinambis merianae ), and two endemic species ( trachylepis atlantica and amphisbaena ridleyi ) from fernando de noronha archipelago, brazil. journal of parasitology 95 ( 4 ) : 1026 β 1038 ridley, h. n. ; 1888a. a visit to fernando do noronha. the zoologist ( 3 ) 12 ( 134 ) :... | [
"Turtles' enemy or turtles' fiends?",
"A line straight out of a fantasy novel",
"The western Amazon rainforest's turtles",
"Amazonian butterflies drinking turtle tears"
] | D | null |
medmcqa_8033 | medmcqa | <ctx>
france september 6 β 10, 1971 ; 1972 scratched and chiseled marks of man, natural history 1974 the clooge : a simple device for interspike interval analysis, proceedings of the physiological society, vol. 239, pp. 63 β 66, february ; ( with chung and raymond ) 1976 a physical model for the passage of ions through... | [
"Angiographic embolization is the preferred treatment",
"Endoscopic treatment can be given",
"Pulsation of artery causes ulceration",
"Submucosal artery"
] | A | Ans. (a) Angiographic embolization is the preferred treatmentRef: Sabiston 19th Edition, Page 1168* Dieulafoy's lesion is most common in lesser curve near cardia (6cm from OG junction)* Dilated tortuous artery bleeding in submucosa (It is a branch from left gastric Artery)* Painless massive hemorrhage occurs* Treatment... |
aquarat_5416 | aquarat | <ctx>
9. 46 m / s 26. Γ 27. equating and, we obtain 29. ( a ) ( b ) this is much, much longer than human time scales. 30. Γ 32. ( a ) 40 ( b ) 8 million 34. $ 149 36. ( a ) ( b ) 141 s 38. ( a ) 3. 20 s ( b ) 4. 04 s 40. ( a ) Γ ( b ) 42. identify knowns :,,, identify unknowns : power of the car, force that car applies... | [
"A)52",
"B)46",
"C)40",
"D)35"
] | C | T=n(A)+n(B)+n(C)-n(Exactly two of the events)-2*n(All 3 Events)+n(None of the events)
T=144
n(A)=T-n(A')=144-89=55
n(B)=T-n(B')=144-105=39
n(C)=T-n(C')=144-91=53
n(Exactly two of the events)=n(At least 2 Events)-n(All 3 Events)=37-6=31
n(All 3 Events)=6
144=55+39+53-31-2*6+n(None of the events)
n(None of the events)=14... |
arc_challenge_288 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
20. 4 amines and amides all living things on earth are formed mostly of carbon compounds. the prevalence of carbon compounds in living things has led to the epithet β carbon - based β life. the truth is we know of no other kind of life. early chemists regarded substances isolated from organisms ( plants and anima... | [
"Carbon can only bond with other carbon atoms.",
"Carbon is a solvent that breaks chemical bonds.",
"Carbon readily forms ionic bonds that separate easily.",
"Carbon can form many types of molecules with covalent bonds."
] | D | |
openbookqa_775 | openbookqa | <ctx>
this toxicity can harm the surrounding environment. pollutants open - pit mining involves the process of disrupting the ground, which leads to the creation of air pollutants. the main source of air pollutants comes from the transportation of minerals, but there are various other factors including drilling, blasti... | [
"plastic",
"poison",
"trees",
"smoke"
] | C | |
arc_easy_86 | arc_easy | <ctx>
colour, number of parts and specific structure are different for each individual species. the neural anatomy of fossilized remains may also be compared using advanced imaging techniques. atavisms once thought of as a refutation to evolutionary theory, atavisms are " now seen as potent evidence of how much genetic... | [
"moth",
"human",
"frog",
"butterfly"
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_4001 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##zzball envisioned by gerrold, they reproduce very quickly, and possess many traits which induce adoration in other species. in the wild, mother animals of many species will actually abandon their young in order to take care of meeps β a potent adaptation indeed. some scientists speculate that the bunnydogs esse... | [
"clever",
"hardworking",
"terrifying",
"shy"
] | C | null |
medmcqa_2161 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ue fever, he demonstrated that t helper cell - type ii cytokine receptor causes severity of the disease and he termed the incidence as cytokine tsunami, as revealed in articles and an editorial written by him in indian journal of medical research. chaturvedi elucidated the pathogenesis of dengue fever by propos... | [
"West-Mile fever",
"Sandfly fever",
"Ebola virus",
"All of the above"
] | C | kyasanur forest disease a hemorrhagic fever found in Karnataka. It is an arboviral disease. a new arbovirus genetically related to RSS isolated REF:ANANTHANARYANAN TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9EDITION PGNO.524 |
aquarat_15533 | aquarat | <ctx>
0. 450 m long. calculate the average acceleration of the shell in the tube as it goes from zero to the velocity found in ( a ). ( c ) what is the average force on the shell in the mortar? express your answer in newtons and as a ratio to the weight of the shell. 48. integrated concepts repeat exercise 4. 47 for a ... | [
"A)12",
"B)14",
"C)15",
"D)20"
] | C | total transaction in two days = 8-4 = 4 feet
in 15 days it will climb 36 feet
thus reaching the top
therefore , total no of days required =15
C |
pubmedqa_862 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
. the study found that when a subject is shown a painful facial expression, their late positive potential ( lpp ) is increased during the time period of 600 β 1000ms after the initial exposure of the stimulus. this increase in lpp for painful facial expressions was higher than the increase caused by other emotion... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
qasc_1617 | qasc | <ctx>
population will not go extinct, or it takes an exponential amount of time to do so. this is due to if the sexually reproducing population was put under a strong selection for deleterious mutation, that it causes most of the population to be eliminated. the individuals in the population that do survive will have a... | [
"replication",
"extinction",
"survival",
"kill them"
] | B | |
medmcqa_6594 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a normal conversation. brown has performed many studies on the properties of propofol - induced anesthesia in particular. he found that propofol - induced unconsciousness is mediated simultaneously by two different oscillatory processes. the first is strong coherent alpha oscillations ( 8 to 10 cycles per second ... | [
"Accumulation of landonosine",
"Allergy to drug",
"Due to prolong infusion",
"All the above"
] | A | Ans: A |
medmcqa_8950 | medmcqa | <ctx>
of protein - coding genes encoded within the nucleus of metazoan cells contain multiple introns. in many cases, these introns were shown to be processed in more than one pattern, thus generating a family of related mrnas that differ, for example, by the inclusion or exclusion of particular exons. the result of al... | [
"Occur in intron that from Ribozyme",
"Self-splicing introns",
"Lariats intermediates are formed",
"All of these"
] | D | InΒ molecular biologyΒ andΒ genetics,Β splicing is a modification of an RNA after transcription, in which introns are removed and exons are joined. This is needed for the typicalΒ eukaryoticΒ messenger RNA before it can be used to produce a correct protein throughΒ translation.Β For many eukaryotic introns, splicing is done in... |
arc_easy_408 | arc_easy | <ctx>
. transfer the iron block to the beaker and notice that it sinks, displacing a volume of water equal to its own volume and causing the water level to rise to 29. 5 ml. the volume of the iron block is therefore : the density of the iron is then calculated to be : remove the iron block from the beaker, change the b... | [
"thermometer",
"metric ruler",
"graduated cylinder",
"triple beam balance"
] | C | |
arc_easy_305 | arc_easy | <ctx>
- binding proteins that regulate the exocytosis of neuropeptide encompassing ( dense - core ) vesicles from neurons and neuron endocrine cells. the gene and its variants have been associated with autism in humans and noise phobia reported for dogs with this snps. similar snps in dogs and in humans are correlated ... | [
"fur color and pattern",
"obedience to commands",
"food brand preferences",
"affection for a specific home"
] | A | |
aquarat_19515 | aquarat | <ctx>
if the polynomial used to define the finite field gf ( 28 ) is, and is the element whose inverse is desired, then performing the algorithm results in the computation described in the following table. let us recall that in fields of order 2n, one has βz = z and z + z = 0 for every element z in the field ). since 1... | [
"A)24",
"B)34",
"C)36",
"D)54"
] | C | The product of two integers is equal to the product of their LCM and GCF. Hence.
12 Γ N = 54 Γ 8
N = 54 Γ 8 / 12 = 36
correct answer C |
arc_easy_2189 | arc_easy | <ctx>
bolt )? ( b ) convert this torque to footpounds. 3. two children push on opposite sides of a door during play. both push horizontally and perpendicular to the door. one child pushes with a force of 17. 5 n at a distance of 0. 600 m from the hinges, and the second child pushes at a distance of 0. 450 m. what force... | [
"hammer",
"meter stick",
"balance",
"stopwatch"
] | B | |
openbookqa_1662 | openbookqa | <ctx>
over time. for example, a rock may wear away or have pieces broken off it. the object will be regarded as the same object after the addition or removal of material, if the system may be more simply described with the continued existence of the object, than in any other way. the addition or removal of material may... | [
"that smell",
"that color",
"that volume",
"that taste"
] | C | |
arc_easy_1075 | arc_easy | <ctx>
luminosity is an absolute measure of radiated electromagnetic power ( light ), the radiant power emitted by a light - emitting object over time. in astronomy, luminosity is the total amount of electromagnetic energy emitted per unit of time by a star, galaxy, or other astronomical objects. in si units, luminosity... | [
"parallax.",
"redshift.",
"absolute magnitude.",
"apparent magnitude."
] | D | |
aquarat_48682 | aquarat | <ctx>
2. 956 Γ 10β2 l example 1. 10 computing quantities from measurement results and known mathematical relations while being driven from philadelphia to atlanta, a distance of about 1250 km, a 2014 lamborghini aventador roadster uses 213 l gasoline. ( a ) what ( average ) fuel economy, in miles per gallon, did the ro... | [
"A)4.5 gallons",
"B)8 gallons",
"C)9.5 gallons",
"D)10 gallons"
] | A | Each 40 kilometers, 1 gallon is needed. We need to know how many 40 kilometers are there in 180 kilometers?
180 / 40 = 4.5 *1 gallon correct answer A |
pubmedqa_184 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
the pregnant mother include : emergency cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, and obstetric anal sphincter injury. compared to pregnancies without macrosomia, pregnant women giving birth to newborns weighing between 4, 000 grams and 4, 500 grams are at two times greater risk of complications, and those giving ... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
aquarat_17337 | aquarat | <ctx>
1. 20 m / s to the right. refer to figure 3. 43, which shows a boat trying to go straight across the river. let us calculate the magnitude and direction of the boat β s velocity relative to an observer on the shore,. the velocity of the boat,, is 0. 75 m / s in the - direction relative to the river and the veloci... | [
"A)4.5 kmph",
"B)9.5 kmph",
"C)7.5 kmph",
"D)8.5 kmph"
] | D | Speed in still water = (13 + 4)1/2 kmph = 8.5 kmph.
answer :D |
qasc_7914 | qasc | <ctx>
can be estimated. as noticed, the interior should have cooled more from its initial temperature in the years since its formation. in fact, it should have taken no more than about years to cool to its present temperature. what is keeping it hot? the answer seems to be radioactive decay of primordial elements that ... | [
"evaporation",
"burning fossil fuels",
"our nearest star",
"rain"
] | B | |
medmcqa_69 | medmcqa | <ctx>
campylobacter bacterium. anne hardy argues that widespread public education of food hygiene can be useful, particularly through media ( tv cookery programmes ) and advertisement. she points to the examples set by scandinavian societies. united states in 2001, the center for science in the public interest petition... | [
"Salmonella typhimurium",
"Enterococcus",
"Diphtheria",
"Pseudomonas"
] | A | Ans: a (Salmonella typhimurium) Ref: Ananathanarayan,7th ed, p. 303Of the above given, S. typhimurium causes food poisoningSalmonella gastroenteritisS. typhimurium is the most common cause of food poisoning due to salmonella species.Incubation period--6-24 hrsFood poisoning is never caused by S. typhi. Source of transm... |
mmlu_aux_2948 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##gh bells. they are heard early in spring not long after the ice melts on the wetlands. the males usually call from the edges of the bodies of water in which they breed, hidden near the bases of shrubs or grasses. even when calling, they may be difficult to locate and are most easily seen when in amplexus in the... | [
"Because they want to invite more friends.",
"Because their singing helps frighten outsiders away.",
"Because they want to find outsiders around.",
"Because their singing makes themselves less frightened."
] | B | null |
medmcqa_8615 | medmcqa | <ctx>
receptors on the cellular membranes of the postsynaptic neurons or increase the efficacy of the existing receptors through phosphorylation. backpropagating action potentials cannot occur because after an action potential travels down a given segment of the axon, the m gates on voltage - gated sodium channels clos... | [
"Cell body",
"Initial segment",
"Axon",
"Dendrites"
] | B | The first poion of the axon is called the initial segment. The Initial segment in spinal motor neurons, the initial node of Ranvier in cutaneous sensory neurons is a site where propagated action potentials are generated.(Ref: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology Twenty-Third Edition) |
mmlu_aux_7519 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
nanofluid - based direct solar collectors are solar thermal collectors where nanoparticles in a liquid medium can scatter and absorb solar radiation. they have recently received interest to efficiently distribute solar energy. nanofluid - based solar collector have the potential to harness solar radiant energy mo... | [
"planted flowers under the moonlight",
"potted flowers in a windowless room",
"planted flowers on a bright, clear day",
"seeds that have just been planted in the ground"
] | C | null |
mmlu_aux_5256 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
2022, the fourth long march 5b rocket lifted off from wenchang, carrying the mengtian laboratory cabin module. the module docked to the space station in less than 13 hours later, adding the third module and the second laboratory module to it. on 3 november 2022, the't - shape'tiangong space station was formed wit... | [
"Tiangong I will fly in the space for 12 days.",
"The first space docking of the world was achieved in 1966, by Russians.",
"Without space docking technique people can't explore space beyond Earth's orbit.",
"The U.S.A helped China achieve the first space docking."
] | C | null |
medmcqa_811 | medmcqa | <ctx>
haemophilus influenzae virulence factor that provides for the bacterium β s survival and trafficking in human macrophages. in addition, he has investigated the bacterial evolution underlying bacterial adaptation to the human lung environment. ehrlich's recent research on the etiology of alzheimer β s disease ( ad... | [
"Staphylococcus aureus",
"Streptococcus pneumonia",
"Neisseria meningitides",
"Listeria monocytogenes"
] | C | The Limulus amebocyte lysate assay is a rapid diagnostic test for the detection of gram-negative endotoxin in CSF and thus for making a diagnosis of gram-negative bacterial meningitis. The test has a specificity of 85-100% and a sensitivity approaching 100%. Thus, a positive Limulus amebocyte lysate assay occurs in viu... |
mmlu_aux_5024 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
%. the probability goes down as orbits are refined with additional measurements. over 300 short - period comets pass near larger planets, such as saturn and jupiter, which can change the comets'trajectories and could potentially put them into an earth - crossing orbit. this could happen for long - period comets a... | [
"warning signs sent by gods",
"lucky signs for good behavior",
"great shows of lights",
"flying suns"
] | A | null |
mmlu_aux_2009 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
chlorine compounds into reactive chlorine compounds, which can deplete ozone easily. moreover, the polar vortex formed over antarctica is very tight and the reaction occurring on the surface of the cloud crystals is far different from when it occurs in atmosphere. these conditions have led to ozone hole formation... | [
"it was once proved by facts",
"it has been studied for 27 years",
"it was created by many scientists",
"it is related to satellites and airplanes"
] | A | null |
aquarat_40114 | aquarat | <ctx>
"! style = " text - align : center ; " | count!! style = " text - align : center ; " | % | - | style = " text - align : left ; " | ridwan kamil | | 7, 226, 254 | | 32. 88 | - | style = " text - align : left ; " | tubagus hasanuddin | | 2, 773, 078 | | 12. 62 | - | style = " text - align : left ; " | sudrajat | | ... | [
"A)330000",
"B)340000",
"C)347000",
"D)333200"
] | D | Total number of invalid votes = 15 % of 560000
= 15/100 Γ 560000
= 8400000/100
= 84000
Total number of valid votes 560000 β 84000 = 476000
Percentage of votes polled in favour of candidate A = 70 %
Therefore, the number of valid votes polled in favour of candidate A = 70 % of 476000
= 70/100 Γ 476000
= 33320000/100
= 3... |
medmcqa_5844 | medmcqa | <ctx>
other dna sequencing analysis methods. dna microarrays and chips use the binding of complementary dna to a target gene or nucleic acid sequence. the benefit of this is that multiple genes can be assessed simultaneously. maldi - tof matrix - assisted laser desorption ionisation - time of flight mass spectrometry (... | [
"Mannitol fermentation",
"Hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes",
"Detection of coagulase",
"The catalase test"
] | C | |
openbookqa_845 | openbookqa | <ctx>
15. 7 statistical interpretation of entropy and the second law of thermodynamics : the underlying explanation heat transfer is energy in transit, and it can be used to do work. it can also be converted to any other form of energy. a car engine, for example, burns fuel for heat transfer into a gas. work is done by... | [
"explosive charisma",
"cooling",
"incineration",
"warming"
] | C | |
medmcqa_282 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the retrograde menstruation theory to explain why cases of endometriosis show up in the brain and lungs. researchers are investigating the possibility that the immune system may not be able to cope with the cyclic onslaught of retrograde menstrual fluid. in this context there is interest in studying the relations... | [
"Arises due to patent processus vaginalis",
"Wait for 5 years for spontaneous closure of congenital hydrocele",
"Lord's plication of sac for small hydrocele",
"Jaboulay's eversion of sac for medium hydrocele"
] | B | Treatment of Hydrocele Congenital Hydrocele: Usually spontaneous obliteration by 2 years age. If persists then Herniotomy. Treatment of Vaginal Hydrocele 1. Small hydrocele: Lord's procedure (Plication of sac)Q 2. Medium hydrocele: Jaboulay's procedure (Eversion of sac)Q 3. Large hydrocele: Excision of sacQ |
qasc_6713 | qasc | <ctx>
fact that many astronomers are physicists or astrophysicists. the term " precession " used in astronomy generally describes the observable precession of the equinox ( the stars moving retrograde across the sky ), whereas the term " precession " as used in physics, generally describes a mechanical process. effects... | [
"Spring",
"cold",
"Summer",
"Autumn"
] | C | |
openbookqa_1673 | openbookqa | <ctx>
of the carmel. a long period of erosion stripped away most of the san rafael group in the area along with any formations that may have been laid down in the cretaceous period. uplift starting 70 million years ago and extending well into the cenozoic, a mountain - building event called the laramide orogeny uplifte... | [
"the moon",
"whales",
"riverflow",
"fear"
] | C | |
medmcqa_7423 | medmcqa | <ctx>
amino acids as nitrogen sources and glycerol as a carbon source in the presence of mineral salts. temperatures for optimal growth vary between species and media conditions, ranging from 25 to 45 Β°c. most mycobacterium species, including most clinically relevant species, can be cultured in blood agar. however, som... | [
"Lupus vulgaris",
"Scrofuloderma",
"Lichen scrofulosorum",
"Erythema nodosum"
] | C | (Lichen scrofulosorum) (202-Behl lCfh, 1756-Dorland 28th, 219- Neena khanna)TUBERCULIDES - Group of disease where the evidence for a tuberculous etiology is not definite {May be hypersensitivity reaction) but which show a tuberculous granuloma on histology and respond to ATT)Conditions included in TuberculidsCutaneous ... |
mmlu_aux_4209 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
5. 25 208 5 β’ further applications of newton's laws : friction, drag, and elasticity access for free at openstax. org if we compare animals living on land with those in water, you can see how drag has influenced evolution. fishes, dolphins, and even massive whales are streamlined in shape to reduce drag forces. b... | [
"50 grams",
"100 grams",
"150 grams",
"200 grams"
] | D | null |
aquarat_32326 | aquarat | <ctx>
vowels are pronounced approximately as follows : e [ ] as in beg ( french e ) : aipet - - - - - to lay out i [ ] as in sit : ailid - - - - - to fasten o [ ] as in gone ( or in glory when long ) : aimor - - - - - to share u [ ] as in full : aikut - - - - - to blow a [ ] is pronounced as in art ( never short as in ... | [
"A)8",
"B)12",
"C)18",
"D)24"
] | B | The 2 vowels can be arranged in even places in 2! ways.
The 3 consonants can be arranged in three odd places in 3! ways.
The number of arrangements with vowels in even positions = 2! Γβ 3! = 2 Γβ 6 = 12
The answer is B. |
qasc_5449 | qasc | <ctx>
invertebrate zoology is the subdiscipline of zoology that consists of the study of invertebrates, animals without a backbone ( a structure which is found only in fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals ). invertebrates are a vast and very diverse group of animals that includes sponges, echinoderms, tunicate... | [
"2",
"millipede",
"Aves",
"six"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_4643 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
genetics is the study of genes and tries to explain what they are and how they work. genes are how living organisms inherit features or traits from their ancestors ; for example, children usually look like their parents because they have inherited their parents'genes. genetics tries to identify which traits are i... | [
"Make better medicine.",
"Make them get jobs.",
"Make maps for them.",
"Make them attractive."
] | A | null |
mmlu_aux_2339 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
railway electrification is the use of electric power for the propulsion of rail transport. electric railways use either electric locomotives ( hauling passengers or freight in separate cars ), electric multiple units ( passenger cars with their own motors ) or both. electricity is typically generated in large and... | [
"The Indian inventor Santosh Pradhan invented the speeding train.",
"The T-Box's design won a silver medal in Lite-On Awards last year.[:Z",
"Rail travel has become one of the energy-efficient technologies in the world.",
"The India harvests 10,000 megawatts of electricity each day on average."
] | B | null |
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