id
string
dataset
string
question
string
options
list
answer
string
explanation
string
medmcqa_6802
medmcqa
<ctx> lead ii potential as an indicator of heart - muscle function and see that it is coordinated with arterial blood pressure as well. heart function and its four - chamber action are explored in viscosity and laminar flow ; poiseuille ’ s law. basically, the right and left atria receive blood from the body and lungs,...
[ "Left axis deviation", "Absent R wave", "Peaked P wave", "Precordial T wave inversion" ]
A
medmcqa_3875
medmcqa
<ctx> ##bin f has 4 heme groups, it can bind to up to four oxygen molecules. it is composed of two Ξ± ( alpha ) subunits and two Ξ³ ( gamma ) subunits, whereas hemoglobin a ( 97 % of total hemoglobin in adults ) is composed of two Ξ± and two Ξ² ( beta ) subunits. in humans, the Ξ± subunit is encoded on chromosome 16 and the...
[ "A frameshift mutation resulted in the deletion of several amino acid residues in the b-chain", "A mutation in the stop codon resulted in elongation of the b-chain", "A point mutation resulted in the inseion of a stop codon in the b-chain", "A two base pair addition resulted in the elimination of a stop codon...
D
Looking at the coding segment of the normal b-gene of hemoglobin, one should read the information codon by codon, as follows: AAG UAU CAC UAA GCU CGC 1 2 3 4 5 6 The normal b-globin gene has a stop codon (UAA) at the 4th position, therefore the last 2 codons (GCU and CGC) are not translated and do not code for amino ac...
arc_challenge_662
arc_challenge
<ctx> beach cleaning or clean - up is the process of removing solid litter, dense chemicals, and organic debris deposited on a beach or coastline by the tide, local visitors, or tourists. humans pollute beaches with materials such as plastic bottles and bags, plastic straws, fishing gear, cigarette filters, six - pack ...
[ "watching birds", "collecting seashells", "eating a picnic lunch", "building a sand castle" ]
C
medmcqa_274
medmcqa
<ctx> but today the world health organization takes a more broad approach, that the principles of palliative care should be applied as early as possible to any chronic and ultimately fatal illness. palpation – is the process of using one's hands to check the body, especially while perceiving / diagnosing a disease or i...
[ "First pa of the duodenum", "Common bile duct", "Inferior vena cava", "Aoa" ]
A
The posterior relations of the head of the pancreas include the common bile duct, inferior vena cava and the right and left renal veins terminating into it. The first pa of the duodenum is an anterior relation of the head of the pancreas.Ref: Clinical Anatomy, By Richard S. Snell, 6th edition, Page 230; Clinical Anatom...
arc_easy_1563
arc_easy
<ctx> recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects. this concept often includes the recovery of energy from waste materials. the recyclability of a material depends on its ability to reacquire the properties it had in its original state. it is an alternative to " conventional " ...
[ "an aluminum can", "a wet paper towel", "salt spilled onto a tabletop", "a broken graduated cylinder" ]
A
medmcqa_7388
medmcqa
<ctx> suicidal behavior. treatment response genetics seems also to be associated to some extent with the amount of adverse events in treatment of major depression disorder. associations with substance abuse polymorphisms in the 5 - ht2a receptor coding gene htr2a ( rs6313 and s6311 ) have been shown to have conflicting...
[ "Pol III gene", "Myc Oncogene", "P53", "NF1" ]
A
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pol III gene Alcohol induces pol III gene (RNA polymerase III-dependent genes) transcription in vivo and in vitro. Brfl specifically regulates pol III gene transcription. Changes in pol III gene and Brfl expression tightly link to cell transformation and tumor formation. Alcohol induced deregulation o...
openbookqa_3253
openbookqa
<ctx> accommodates lower frequency waves. therefore, a stiff building, characterized by a high fundamental frequency, suffers amplified damage when built on stiff ground and then subjected to higher frequencies. for instance, suppose there are two buildings that share the same high stiffness. they stand on two differen...
[ "rain", "erupt", "calm", "quiver" ]
D
qasc_7979
qasc
<ctx> a hearing aid is a device designed to improve hearing by making sound audible to a person with hearing loss. hearing aids are classified as medical devices in most countries, and regulated by the respective regulations. small audio amplifiers such as personal sound amplification products ( psaps ) or other plain ...
[ "Stereos", "humans", "TVs", "Animals" ]
D
aquarat_25835
aquarat
<ctx> all the 3 - multisubsets of the set s = { 1, 2, 3, 4 }. this is displayed in the following table. the second column lists the donuts you actually chose, the third column shows the nonnegative integer solutions of the equation and the last column gives the stars and bars representation of the solutions. number of ...
[ "A)5P3/(2!)", "B)4P3", "C)4^3", "D)4P3+3C1*(3!/2!)" ]
D
Had it asked for all the different nos instead of 1,1,2,3,4 the ans would be: 5P3/2! = 30 In this solution we have also halved (divided by 2!) the numbers containing 2,3 and 4. The numbers containing 2,3,4 are 6. Add 6/2 =3 back to 30 and we get the answer i.e. 30+3=33. Hence D is the answer
medmcqa_1977
medmcqa
<ctx> outpatient surgeries intermittent, noninvasive blood pressure ( nbp ) monitoring is the standard of care. due to the discontinuous character of nbp, dangerous hypotensive episodes might be missed : in women undergoing caesarean section, cnap detected hypotensive phases in 39 % of the cases, whereas only 9 % were ...
[ "PRBC Transfusion", "Vasopressors along with the inotropes", "Immediate re-exploration of the mediastinum", "Intra-aoic balloon pump" ]
C
This clinical presentation points towards a likely diagnosis of Cardiac tamponade. It is a common complication post CABG. It can be confirmed on an Echocardiography. It is a life-threatening condition hence it should be managed by immediate return to the OT for exploration and drainage of mediastinal hematoma.
medmcqa_70
medmcqa
<ctx> because of the infusion of lipids into sub - endothelium, the repair has to end up with altered remodeling of local endothelium. this is the manifestation of a misrepair. important is this altered remodeling makes the local endothelium have increased fragility to damage and have reduced repair efficiency. as a co...
[ "Smooth muscle", "Media", "Adventitia", "Endothelium" ]
D
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Endothelium The most acceptable hypothesis for the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is "the response to injury hypothesis". According to this hypothesis, atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory response of the aerial wall initiated by injury to endothelium. Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis Following s...
openbookqa_2142
openbookqa
<ctx> of free energy changes are possible. exercises 7. 8 work, energy, and power in humans 44. ( a ) how long can you rapidly climb stairs ( 116 / min ) on the 93. 0 kcal of energy in a 10. 0 - g pat of butter? ( b ) how many flights is this if each flight has 16 stairs? 45. ( a ) what is the power output in watts an...
[ "Go bike riding", "Go swimming", "Consume bread", "Run again" ]
C
qasc_2366
qasc
<ctx> the social network of colonies of social insects have been extensively studied as model biological networks. social networks across taxonomy social networks in hymenopterans ant social networks have three main types of individuals or casts. the three types - the queen, workers, and drones - all serve a specific p...
[ "Insects", "potatoes", "plants", "parasites" ]
A
aquarat_21805
aquarat
<ctx> subset of the equations as a matrix yields : a solution to the equation is given by the left null space, simply thus the product of all 3 equations yields a square ( mod n ). and so the algorithm found testing the result yields gcd ( 3070860 - 22678, 15347 ) = 103, a nontrivial factor of 15347, the other being 14...
[ "A)1", "B)2", "C)3", "D)4" ]
D
42=2*3*7. So, total number of factors for 42 = 2*2*2 = 8 factors for 42 = 1,2,3,6,7,14,21 and 42 56=2*2*2*7 So, total number of factors for 56 = 4*2 = 8 factors of 56 = 1,2,4,7,8,14,28 and 56. Factors same in 42 and 56 are 1,2,7 and 14. Hence, answer will be D.
medmcqa_4243
medmcqa
<ctx> of skin and the formation of wrinkles. because there is so little uv - b and uv - c reaching the earth ’ s surface, sunburn is caused by large exposures, and skin cancer from repeated exposure. some studies indicate a link between overexposure to the sun when young and melanoma later in life. the tanning response...
[ "Stinging", "Erythema", "Wheal formation", "Loss of sensation" ]
C
Uncommon sunlight-induced whealing confined to exposed body sites. Eruption occurs within minutes of exposure and resolves in a few hours. Very disabling and sometimes life threatening. Action spectrum is UVB, UVA, and visible light or any combination thereof. Most commonly UVA. Is an immediate type I hypersensitivity ...
medmcqa_9048
medmcqa
<ctx> the use of these alkaloids in the treatment of parkinson's disease has also been prominent. drugs such as bromocriptine act as a dopamine receptor agonist, stimulating the nerves that control movement. newer synthetic ergoline derivatives that have been synthesized for the treatment of parkinson's disease include...
[ "Somatostatin analogue", "Used in refractory diarrhoea in AIDS", "Used in carcinoid", "An absorbent" ]
D
Ans. is 'd' i.e., An absorbent
openbookqa_458
openbookqa
<ctx> a non - renewable resource ( also called a finite resource ) is a natural resource that cannot be readily replaced by natural means at a pace quick enough to keep up with consumption. an example is carbon - based fossil fuels. the original organic matter, with the aid of heat and pressure, becomes a fuel such as ...
[ "is highly sought after as an alternate energy source", "can be replaced and replenished with enough time", "the industry one day will cease to exist", "is flourishing with an unending supply" ]
C
aquarat_33722
aquarat
<ctx> of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 βˆ’ p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ...
[ "A)6 2/3%", "B)6 2/8%", "C)6 9/3%", "D)6 2/3%" ]
A
4/9 P = (P*R*R)/100 R = 20/3 = 6 2/3% Answer: A
pubmedqa_937
pubmedqa
<ctx> due to chronic inflammation, such as due to stones or schistosomiasis. investigations performed usually include collecting a sample of urine for an inspection for malignant cells under a microscope, called cytology, as well as medical imaging by a ct urogram or ultrasound. if a concerning lesion is seen, a flexib...
[ "yes", "no", "maybe" ]
A
pubmedqa_326
pubmedqa
<ctx> ##uroimaging, genetics, and psychopharmacology in order to enhance diagnostic validity and reliability, to discover new treatment methods, and to classify new mental disorders. clinical application diagnostic systems psychiatric diagnoses take place in a wide variety of settings and are performed by many differen...
[ "yes", "no", "maybe" ]
A
arc_easy_1562
arc_easy
<ctx> in size from the tiniest one - celled bacteria, algae, fungi, and protozoa, to the more complex nematodes and micro - arthropods, to the visible earthworms, insects, small vertebrates, and plants. as these organisms eat, grow, and move through the soil, they make it possible to have clean water, clean air, health...
[ "decomposers", "predators", "prey", "producers" ]
A
medmcqa_3874
medmcqa
<ctx> a particular component of the diet, like phenylketonuria, ii ) abnormality of some component of the blood, especially the hemoglobin protein, or iii ) alteration of some component of the endocrine system, especially the thyroid gland. many of these disorders, once identified, can be treated before more severe sym...
[ "Neonatal hypothyroidism", "Neonatal hypehyroidism", "Hemoglobinopathies", "Congenital Dislocation of Hip" ]
A
Most common neonatal disorder to be screened is Neonatal hypothyroidism (NNH) Blood sample is collected from Cord's Blood /fromheel prick after 24hrs of bih Test- measurement of T4 or TSH /both simultaneously. As a single method, T4 is more useful (greater precision and reproducibility) Congenital Hypothyroidism is one...
openbookqa_3122
openbookqa
<ctx> environments that vegetation does not prevent the presence and motion of fields of sand. wind - blown very fine - grained dust is capable of entering the upper atmosphere and moving across the globe. dust from the sahara deposits on the canary islands and islands in the caribbean, and dust from the gobi desert ha...
[ "the river is hit with an extremely large amount of precipitation in a day", "a deer is hunted on the river bank", "birds fly over the area", "a helicopter flies too low over the land" ]
A
aquarat_39909
aquarat
<ctx> – the probability of all components failing ( system failure ) as a purely illustrative example, if there is a 1 in 100 probability of a regulator failure, and a 1 in 1000 probability of a scuba cylinder failure then, and therefore : substituting values : which is close to the sum of the two probabilities. the ex...
[ "A)9/80", "B)3/10", "C)303/800", "D)97/300" ]
D
The first circuit doesn't matter. Prob(relay fails) = 1 - Prob(relay succeeds) Prob(2+3 work) = 1 - 1/30 = 29/30 Prob(4+5 work) = 1 - 3/10 = 7/10 Prob(relay fails) = 1 - Prob(2+3 work AND 4+5 work) = 1 - (29/30)(7/10) = 1 - 203/300 = 97/800 D
aquarat_25537
aquarat
<ctx> formula till gate 2012 ( and year 2013 - 14 of the 2 - year validity period of gate 2013 score ), the score was calculated using the formula : gate score = where, m = marks obtained by the candidate, a = average of marks of all candidates who appeared in that subject, in that year, with marks less than zero conve...
[ "A)A)47", "B)B)45.6", "C)C)42", "D)D)48" ]
C
Explanation: Total marks obtained by a class of 25 students = 3*95 + 5*0 + 17* 45 =1050 Average marks of whole class = 1050/25 =42 Answer: Option C
aquarat_12523
aquarat
<ctx> 9. 46 m / s 26. Γ— 27. equating and, we obtain 29. ( a ) ( b ) this is much, much longer than human time scales. 30. Γ— 32. ( a ) 40 ( b ) 8 million 34. $ 149 36. ( a ) ( b ) 141 s 38. ( a ) 3. 20 s ( b ) 4. 04 s 40. ( a ) Γ— ( b ) 42. identify knowns :,,, identify unknowns : power of the car, force that car applies...
[ "A)3", "B)8", "C)7", "D)6" ]
A
M = 4 S = 2 US = 4 - 2 = 2 D = 6 T = 6/2 = 3 Answer:A
medmcqa_6990
medmcqa
<ctx> health workshop on prevention of malaria primary health care and health education centre the centre was established in 1995 as a result of joining of the primary health care centre ( established in 1985 in collaboration with columbia university ) and the health education centre ( established in 1986 in collaborat...
[ "IEC campaigns for community awareness", "Insecticide treated bed nets", "Development of larvivorus fishes for eradication of larvae.", "Presumptive treatment of malaria case" ]
B
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Insecticide treated bed nets The main strategies of Roll Back Malaria initiative are : a) Strengthen health system to ensure better delivery of health care, especially at district and community level. b) Ensure the proper and expanded use of insecticide treated mosquito nets. c) Ensure adequate access...
medmcqa_905
medmcqa
<ctx> angiotensin ii receptor type 2, also known as the at2 receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the agtr2 gene. function angiotensin ii is a potent pressor hormone and a primary regulator of aldosterone secretion. it is an important effector controlling blood pressure and volume in the cardiovascular sys...
[ "Collecting duct", "Glomerulus", "Proximal convoluted tubule", "Loop of Henle" ]
A
Ans. A Collecting ductRef: Ganong, 23rd ed. pg. 648* Aldosterone is secreted from adrenal cortex.* Action of aldosterone is localized to distal tubule are collecting duct.* Mechanism: Stimulates Na+K+ ATPase at basolateral end which generate gradient for movement of sodium ion from apical membrane causing an increase i...
aquarat_45428
aquarat
<ctx> the entrance of the 50. 0 - m - long vertical pipe. take the density of the oil to be and its viscosity to be ( or ). note that you must take into account the pressure due to the 50. 0 - m column of oil in the pipe. 48. concrete is pumped from a cement mixer to the place it is being laid, instead of being carried...
[ "A)15 min", "B)20 min", "C)27.5 min", "D)30 min" ]
D
Part filled by (A + B) in 1 minute = (1/60 + 1/40) = 1/24 Suppose the tank is filled in x minutes. Then, x/2(1/24 + 1/40) = 1 x/2 * 1/15 = 1 => x = 30 min ANSWER:D
qasc_2828
qasc
<ctx> buildings that legally require a fire safety plan, be it due to provincial or state law. not having a fire safety plan for buildings which fit the fire code occupancy type can result in a fine, and they are required for all buildings, such as commercial, industrial, assembly, etc. advances in fire safety planning...
[ "oxygen", "voltage", "sigh", "ghost" ]
A
aquarat_3187
aquarat
<ctx> of event 2 is, as person 2 may have any birthday other than the birthday of person 1. similarly, the probability of event 3 given that event 2 occurred is, as person 3 may have any of the birthdays not already taken by persons 1 and 2. this continues until finally the probability of event 23 given that all preced...
[ "A)1:3", "B)2:1", "C)3:1", "D)4:1" ]
C
Let the present ages of A and B be 5x and 3x years respectively. Then, (5x - 4)/(3x + 4) = 1/1 2x = 8 => x = 4 Required ratio = (5x + 4):(3x - 4) = 24:8 = 3:1 ANSWER:C
aquarat_49156
aquarat
<ctx> but the problems are much harder and less numerous. this round is targeted at teams comfortable with rigorous mathematical proofs. by contrast, the november team round is short answer style, similar to the individual rounds, but have slightly harder problems, and are worked on as a team. guts round the guts round...
[ "A)662", "B)672", "C)654", "D)642" ]
C
8 * 83 = 664 – 10 = 654 ANSWER:C
mmlu_aux_2492
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> knots have been used for basic purposes such as recording information, fastening and tying objects together, for thousands of years. the early, significant stimulus in knot theory would arrive later with sir william thomson ( lord kelvin ) and his vortex theory of the atom. history pre - modern different knots ar...
[ "t 2-t+1", "t 2-3t+1", "Alexander polynomial", "Jones polynomial" ]
D
null
aquarat_1355
aquarat
<ctx> area is the measure of a region's size on a surface. the area of a plane region or plane area refers to the area of a shape or planar lamina, while surface area refers to the area of an open surface or the boundary of a three - dimensional object. area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thic...
[ "A)2000 m^2", "B)2340 m^2", "C)450 m^2", "D)2556 m^2" ]
C
We have: (l - b) = 15 and 2(l + b) = 90 or (l + b) = 45 so 2 l = 60 = > l = 30 & b = 15 Area = 30 * 15 = 450 m^2 Answer : C
mmlu_aux_3304
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> ##aila, u. r., and others ( 2011 ). high value and long life β€” double jeopardy for tunas and billfishes. science, 333, 291 – 292. books and book contributions edited sumaila, u. r. ( 2013 ). game theory and fisheries : essays on the tragedy of free for all fishing. routledge, london, uk, p. 178. noone, k. j., sum...
[ "The species of fish in the oceans is reducing .", "Sea water is polluted", "Sea Water quality is improved", "Less productivity of ecosystems" ]
C
null
aquarat_47092
aquarat
<ctx> x is not a perfect square. the diophantine set is { 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13,... }. the equation is a diophantine equation with two parameters x1, x2 and an unknown y, which defines the set of pairs ( x1, x2 ) such that x1 < x2. matiyasevich's theorem matiyasevich's theorem, also called the matiyasevich –...
[ "A)n^2 -1", "B)(n+1)!", "C)2n +1", "D)n!" ]
D
Plug in some vlues and check - Product of first 2 number is 2*1 Product of first 3 number is 3*2*1 Product of first 4 number is 4*3*2*1 Product of first 5 number is 5*4*3*2*1 So, The product of first n natural numbers is always divisible by n! , answer will be (D)
aquarat_37192
aquarat
<ctx> all the digits have been used, write " 00 " ) and write them to the right of the remainder from the previous step ( on the first step, there will be no remainder ). in other words, multiply the remainder by 100 and add the two digits. this will be the current value c. find p, y and x, as follows : let p be the pa...
[ "A)1", "B)2", "C)3", "D)4" ]
B
529 is 23*23 here A 23+1 = 24 B 23+2 = 25 C 23+3 = 26 D 23+4 = 27 E 23+5= 28 so, B is the only addition that gives a perfect square. so x=3 then the answer is B
qasc_7467
qasc
<ctx> subsequent image task optimizes images. gulp. src ( ) retrieves all the images with the extension. png,. gif or. jpg in the directory images - orig / '.. pipe ( imagemin ( ) ) channels the images found, through the optimization process and with. pipe ( gulp. dest ( ) ) the optimized images are saved to the'''imag...
[ "Retina", "RNA", "calcite", "an object" ]
A
aquarat_29344
aquarat
<ctx> the average'standard'new house being 45'x 493 ', with largest being 60'x 504 '. one farm complex may have several houses. in mississippi, typical farms now have four to six houses with 25, 000 birds per house. one full - time worker might manage three houses. on average, a new broiler house is about 500 feet long...
[ "A)4", "B)5", "C)6", "D)7" ]
B
1 year: 100*15/100= 15: Total: 85 2nd year: 85*15/100= 13: Total: 85-13= 72 3rd year: 72*15/100 = 11: Total: 72-11= 61 4th year: 61*15/100 = 9: Total: 61-9 = 52 5th month : 52*15/100 = 8 : Total: 52-8= 44 ;4 months; ANSWER:B
medmcqa_2629
medmcqa
<ctx> heavy babies are less of a concern. death rate would rise as birth weight increases beyond normal birth weight range. therefore, it is important to maintain a healthy gestational weight gain throughout pregnancy for achieving the optimal infant birth weight. when this theory was first proposed, it was not well ac...
[ "Inhibiting lipolysis", "Increased esterification of fatty acids", "Directing acetyl-CoA to TCA cycle", "Increasing b-oxidation" ]
D
Insulin inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue due to inhibition of hormone-sensitive lipase Insulin depresses HMG CoA synthase and so ketogenesis is decreased In the presence of insulin, acetyl CoA is completely utilized in the citric acid cycle because oxaloacetate generated from glucose is available in plenty. Insulin...
medmcqa_4373
medmcqa
<ctx> - dimensional image ( credit : cod newsroom, flickr ). ( b ) ultrasound image of 12 - week - old fetus. ( credit : public health image library, cdc ) how much detail can ultrasound reveal? the image in figure 17. 43 is typical of low - cost systems, but that in figure the wonder weeks is the english translation ...
[ "6 weeks of gestation", "8 weeks of gestation", "10 weeks of gestation", "14 weeks of gestation" ]
D
14 weeks of gestation
medmcqa_5588
medmcqa
<ctx> laminins are a family of glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix of all animals. they are major constituents of the basement membrane, namely the basal lamina ( the protein network foundation for most cells and organs ). laminins are vital to biological activity, influencing cell differentiation, migration, and...
[ "Lens", "Basement membrane", "Liver", "Lungs" ]
B
Ans: b (Basement membrane)Ref: Robbin's, 7th ed, p. 105 & 6thed, p. 100
mmlu_aux_5232
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> ). the buffy fish owl does not produce firm pellets as do most owls. instead, bones, and frog and insect remains are ejected in pieces and fall to the ground below the roost. prey remains have only been found within the nest, never around or below the nest as is commonly recorded in other owls. the buffy fish owl...
[ "look for a place near the nest", "climb trees", "write down notes every day", "make a bird nest" ]
A
null
medmcqa_3739
medmcqa
<ctx> size and genome, lack of cell wall, low g + c content and unusual nutritional needs. m. pneumoniae has also been designated as an arginine nonfermenting species. mycoplasmas are further classified by the sequence composition of 16s rrna. all mycoplasmas of the pneumoniae group possess similar 16s rrna variations ...
[ "Multiply by binary fission.", "Are sensitive to beta-lactam group of drugs.", "Can grow in cell free media.", "Require sterols for their growth" ]
B
qasc_4336
qasc
<ctx> to learn the game and adapt their strategy faster than individuals. see also behavioral economics experimental economics game theory references behavioural sciences game theory behavioral economics and does not have to wait for their actual execution ; social interaction is thus accelerated. important factors in...
[ "exercise", "survival", "anger", "no reason" ]
B
medmcqa_3161
medmcqa
<ctx> dysregulation of epigenetic marks and imprinted gene expression. she found that the deletion did not perturb dna methylation, though it did impact gene repression and further that the impacts of the deletion on insulator function are tissue specific, in that only mesodermal tissues have disrupted insulator functi...
[ "Mullerian", "Ovary", "Urogential sinus", "Mesonephric ducts" ]
C
Sholy after the tip of para mesonephric ducts reach the urogenital sinus two solid evaginations grow out from the pelvic pa of the sinus.From these evaginations the sinovaginal bulbs proliferates to form the vaginal plates. The androgen exposure may arrest the differentiation of urogenital sinus LANGMAN'S MEDICAL EMBRY...
mmlu_aux_1747
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> ##ud, t friedrich, c zeeden, s schouten, l smik, a timmermann, p cabedo - sanz, j - j huang, l zhou, t - h ou, y - p chang, l - c wang, y - m chou, c - c shen, m - t chen, k - y wei, s - r song, t - h fang, s a. gorbarenko, w - l wang, t - q lee, h elderfield, d a. hodell, earth and planetary science letters, doi...
[ "they can provide a kind of early warning to the place that will suffer from drought", "they can tell why Zimbabwe has little or no rain", "they can do some research work in this field.", "they can put all this information into their computers." ]
A
null
arc_challenge_740
arc_challenge
<ctx> change in response to alterations in the dna sequence. amino acid sequences and nucleic acid sequences do not mutate at the same rate. due to the degenerate nature of dna, bases can change without affecting the amino acid sequence. for example, there are six codons that code for leucine. thus, despite the differe...
[ "are microscopic", "do not contain DNA", "reproduce very quickly", "cause infectious diseases" ]
D
medmcqa_425
medmcqa
<ctx> but today the world health organization takes a more broad approach, that the principles of palliative care should be applied as early as possible to any chronic and ultimately fatal illness. palpation – is the process of using one's hands to check the body, especially while perceiving / diagnosing a disease or i...
[ "Esophagus", "Stomach", "Small bowel", "Appendix" ]
D
carcinoid tumour commonly occurs in appendix(45%),ileum(25%),rectum(15%).other sites are(15%)other pas of GIT ,bronchus, and testis SRB,5th,877.
mmlu_aux_5299
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> comparatively shorter than those of other asian honeybee species. the apis dorsata flights occur around dusk for 13 minutes on average. apis dorsata exhibit high degrees of polyandry, with many drones mating with the queen. in fact, apis dorsata fabricius is known to have the highest levels of polyandry among all...
[ "soft materials", "hard materials", "an material", "both" ]
A
null
arc_challenge_773
arc_challenge
<ctx> ##paper and in other applications. it is prepared by the reaction of pure sand, sio2, with carbon at high temperature. carbon monoxide, co, is the other product of this reaction. write the balanced equation for the reaction, and calculate how much sio2 is required to produce 3. 00 kg of sic. 52. automotive air ba...
[ "gasoline evaporating from soil", "gasoline catching fire in the soil", "gasoline polluting an old septic system", "gasoline trickling down into groundwater" ]
D
mmlu_aux_5160
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> commerce compatible with nature. fashion from the viewpoint of biomimicry tries to make fashion work as a sustainable ecosystem, aligning with natural systems in harmony with the biosphere. materials should be bio - compatible, combining biodegradable fibers with processes of fermentation and gasification, or mat...
[ "the new type of mobile phones is already on the market", "the new type of mobile phones will sell very well", "recycling mobile phones is not useful to the environment", "other flowers may be used in the new type of mobile phones" ]
B
null
openbookqa_1128
openbookqa
<ctx> genetics is the study of genes and tries to explain what they are and how they work. genes are how living organisms inherit features or traits from their ancestors ; for example, children usually look like their parents because they have inherited their parents'genes. genetics tries to identify which traits are i...
[ "gene therapy", "documents", "double helix", "paperwork" ]
C
medmcqa_8329
medmcqa
<ctx> vertebrates. after the loss of a limb, cells draw together to form a clump known as a blastema. this superficially appears undifferentiated, but cells that originated in the skin later develop into new skin, muscle cells into new muscle and cartilage cells into new cartilage. it is only the cells from just beneat...
[ "Irregular, atypical proliferative changes in epithelial or mesenchymal cells", "Loss of cell substance producing shrinkage of the cells", "Replacement of one type of adult cell by another type of adult cell", "None of the above" ]
C
openbookqa_1190
openbookqa
<ctx> field of agriculture allowed for an enormous boost in the productivity of crops, dubbed a " second agricultural revolution " which consisted of : shift from peasant subsistence - farming to cash - farming for the market technical changes of crop rotations and livestock improvement labour being replaced by machine...
[ "oats", "rice", "watermelon", "grain" ]
C
qasc_4628
qasc
<ctx> food storage is a way of decreasing the variability of the food supply in the face of natural, inevitable variability. it allows food to be eaten for some time ( typically weeks to months ) after harvest rather than solely immediately. it is both a traditional domestic skill ( mainly as root cellaring ) and, in t...
[ "irradiation", "farming", "Dehydration", "rays or beams" ]
A
medmcqa_3798
medmcqa
<ctx> in mathematics, a time series is a series of data points indexed ( or listed or graphed ) in time order. most commonly, a time series is a sequence taken at successive equally spaced points in time. thus it is a sequence of discrete - time data. examples of time series are heights of ocean tides, counts of sunspo...
[ "Frequency polygon", "Histogram", "Line chart", "Pie diagram" ]
C
Ans. c (Line chart) (Ref. Text book of biostatistics by B K Mahajan, Vlth /pg. 20; Park PSm 22nd/788)Line diagrams are used to show the trend of events with the passage of time.Type of dataQualitative dataQuantitative dataDefinitionCharacteristics same, only frequency variesCharacteristics as well as frequency both var...
openbookqa_2216
openbookqa
<ctx> in the same - different discrimination task. two arrays of items were presented simultaneously in which the two sets of items were either identical or different from one another. pigeons were required to distinguish between the two arrays of items in which the level of difficulty was varied. pigeons were provided...
[ "it is built into their very being", "it is taught in school", "they are trained at a special school", "they have magical powers" ]
A
aquarat_48572
aquarat
<ctx> mr. jones has two children. the older child is a girl. what is the probability that both children are girls? under the aforementioned assumptions, in this problem, a random family is selected. in this sample space, there are four equally probable events : only two of these possible events meet the criteria specif...
[ "A)0", "B)2", "C)3", "D)–2" ]
A
Approach I (Plugin's) Girl I ............... Girl II ................ Boy 1 ....................... 1 ........................ 3 (Assume the current ages) 1 + 1 < 3 .......... (Satisfies the given condition) 1 Year later there ages are 2 ....................... 2 ......................... 4 2 + 2 = 4 ............ (Sati...
aquarat_46909
aquarat
<ctx> of event 2 is, as person 2 may have any birthday other than the birthday of person 1. similarly, the probability of event 3 given that event 2 occurred is, as person 3 may have any of the birthdays not already taken by persons 1 and 2. this continues until finally the probability of event 23 given that all preced...
[ "A)11:2:3", "B)22:44:66", "C)12:24:32", "D)6:9:12" ]
C
A:B=2:4, B:C=6:8, A:B:C=2Γƒβ€”6:6Γƒβ€”4:4Γƒβ€”8 Ò‑’ 12:24:32 Answer: C.
mmlu_aux_1579
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> treatment virtually all large systems must treat the water ; a fact that is tightly regulated by global, state and federal agencies, such as the world health organization ( who ) or the united states environmental protection agency ( epa ). water treatment must occur before the product reaches the consumer and af...
[ "to air the water", "to catch tiny things", "to kill tiny microbes", "to remove harmful gases" ]
C
null
medmcqa_5947
medmcqa
<ctx> ball propellant ( trademarked as ball powder by olin corporation and marketed as spherical powder by hodgdon powder company ) is a form of nitrocellulose used in small arms cartridges. ball propellant can be manufactured more rapidly with greater safety and less expense than extruded propellants. ball propellant ...
[ "KMnO4", "HCN", "Nitrocellulose", "Sulphur" ]
C
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Nitrocellulose Smoke producing powder :- Black powder (black gun powder), Pyrodex. Smokeless powder :- Black powder plus nitrocellulose/nitrocellulose + nitroglycerine/nitroglycerine + nitrocellulose nitroguanidine. Semismokeless powder :- 80% black powder plus 20% smokeless powder.
medmcqa_7815
medmcqa
<ctx> one of each integer edge - length, which he called the heterogeneous tiling conjecture. this problem was later publicized by martin gardner in his scientific american column and appeared in several books, but it defied solution for over 30 years. in tilings and patterns, published in 1987, branko grunbaum and g. ...
[ "24 months", "30 months", "36 months", "48 months" ]
B
Emerging patterns of Adaptive milestones from 1-5years of age 15months Makes a tower of 3 cubes Makes a line with a crayon Inses raisin in a bottle 18months Makes a tower of 4 cubes Imitates scribbling Imitates veical stroke Dumps raisin from a bottle 24months Makes a tower of 7 cubes (6 at 21 mo) Scribbles in a circul...
medmcqa_8008
medmcqa
<ctx> but today the world health organization takes a more broad approach, that the principles of palliative care should be applied as early as possible to any chronic and ultimately fatal illness. palpation – is the process of using one's hands to check the body, especially while perceiving / diagnosing a disease or i...
[ "Ovaries", "Testes", "Thyroid", "Adrenals" ]
D
aquarat_2137
aquarat
<ctx> the regulation of telephone numbers in germany is the responsibility of the federal network agency ( ) of the german government. the agency has a mandate to telecommunications in germany and other infrastructure systems. overview germany has an open telephone numbering plan. before 2010, area codes and subscriber...
[ "A)4", "B)6", "C)12", "D)16" ]
C
Since the phone number must be even, the unit's digit can be either 2 or 4. When the unit's digit is 2 --> number of possibilities is 3! = 6 When the unit's digit is 4 --> number of possibilities is 3! = 6 Largest number of extensions = 6 + 6 =12 Answer:C
mmlu_aux_4390
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> determine if the calls could be distinguished with a known context. the experiment determined that while the vervet monkeys were able to categorize different predators and members of different social groups, however their ability to communicate specific threats is not proven. the chirps and barks that vervet monk...
[ "don't communicate by sounds", "only understand simple sentences", "fail to learn language from humans", "are not related to the Campbell's monkeys" ]
C
null
medmcqa_2769
medmcqa
<ctx> illustrations show the molecular structures of fructose, a five - carbon monosaccharide, and of lactose, a disaccharide composed of two isomeric, six - carbon sugars. organisms use carbohydrates for a variety of functions. carbohydrates can store energy, such as the polysaccharides glycogen in animals or starch i...
[ "Aldolase B", "Fructokinase", "Triokinase", "Aldolase A" ]
A
mmlu_aux_3658
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> of genetics at the university of cologne, the max planck institute for evolutionary biology in plon, and the department of behavioral sciences at the university of bielefeld, 6 concluded 50 years after the mitochondria and cell nuclei snps support a separation into three species. according to their " molecular cl...
[ "About 1,000 of them are often seen together on a shore.", "Hundreds of them hunt together at sea.", "They are often seen near rocky shores along the Pacific coast.", "They make a series of sounds to communicate with each other." ]
B
null
pubmedqa_13
pubmedqa
<ctx> ., carmona r. h. the family history : more important than ever. new eng j med, 351 : 2333 - 2336. 2004. guttmacher a. e, collins, f. s. realizing the promise of genomics for biomedical research. jama, 294 ( 11 ) : 1399 - 402. 2005. guttmacher, a. e., porteous, m. e., mcinerney, j. d. educating health care profess...
[ "yes", "no", "maybe" ]
B
qasc_6767
qasc
<ctx> being defined relative to the bulk of the body considered as being stationary. heat is transferred by conduction when adjacent atoms or molecules collide, or as several electrons move backwards and forwards from atom to atom in a disorganized way so as not to form a macroscopic electric current, or as photons col...
[ "expands", "Energy.", "breaks", "blossoms" ]
A
arc_challenge_570
arc_challenge
<ctx> 1. 3 physical and chemical properties learning objectives by the end of this section, you will be able to : β€’ identify properties of and changes in matter as physical or chemical β€’ identify properties of matter as extensive or intensive the characteristics that distinguish one substance from another are called pr...
[ "using heat to burn a log in a fireplace", "using light to produce sugar in plants", "a cake that was baked from many ingredients", "a bottle that was broken into many small pieces" ]
D
arc_easy_940
arc_easy
<ctx> at lower energies, and, at higher energy, by the number of photons that can be detected. larger area detectors and better background suppression are essential for progress in the field. a discovery in 2012 may allow focusing gamma - ray telescopes. at photon energies greater than 700 kev, the index of refraction ...
[ "the explosion of a massive star", "the birth of a main-sequence star", "the collapse of a medium-sized star", "the collision of one star with another" ]
A
mmlu_aux_8679
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> dwarf spiral to a dwarf irregular. formation of satellite galaxies according to the standard model of cosmology ( known as the Ξ»cdm model ), the formation of satellite galaxies is intricately connected to the observed large - scale structure of the universe. specifically, the Ξ»cdm model is based on the premise th...
[ "cold", "sound", "life", "heat" ]
D
null
qasc_1982
qasc
<ctx> . 28 the greenhouse effect is a name given to the trapping of energy in the earth ’ s atmosphere by a process similar to that used in greenhouses. the atmosphere, like window glass, is transparent to incoming visible radiation and most of the sun ’ s infrared. these wavelengths are absorbed by the earth and re - ...
[ "heat skin", "evaporation", "protect plants", "cool air" ]
C
medmcqa_3721
medmcqa
<ctx> ##penthes pitcher plant species : implications for prey capture. annals of botany 83 : 521 – 528. mullins, j. & m. jebb 2009. phylogeny and biogeography of the genus nepenthes. national botanic gardens, glasnevin. murniati, syamswisna & a. nurdini 2013. pembuatan flash card dari hasil inventarisasi nepenthes di h...
[ "Multiply by binary fission", "Are sensitive to beta-lactam group of drugs", "Can grow in cell free media", "Require sterols for their growth" ]
B
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MYCOPLASMAS: Very small(0.2-0.3 um) . Can pass through bacterial filters. Lack a rigid cell wall. Bound by a single trilaminar cell membrane that contains a sterol. Extremely pleomorphic varying in shape from coccoid to filamentous to other bizzare forms. Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma, Spiroplasma a...
aquarat_41348
aquarat
<ctx> of city blocks is, considerably shorter than the 14 blocks you walked. ( note that we are using three significant figures in the answer. although it appears that β€œ 9 ” and β€œ 5 ” have only one significant digit, they are discrete numbers. in this case β€œ 9 blocks ” is the same as β€œ 9. 0 or 9. 00 blocks. ” we have d...
[ "A)4", "B)7", "C)12", "D)15" ]
C
Please follow posting guidelines, link is in my signatures. As for your question, x/60 = blocks/time/block = block^2/time . This is not what you want. You are given x blocks and 60 seconds PER BLOCK. Thus you need to put it as 60*x to give you units of seconds as you are equating this to 480 (which is TIME in seconds.)...
qasc_5166
qasc
<ctx> density lipoproteins ( hdl ) are considered'good'lipoproteins as they search for excess cholesterol in the body and transport it back to the liver for disposal. trans fats also " increase ldl levels whilst decreasing hdl levels within the body, significantly raising blood cholesterol levels ". high levels of chol...
[ "Veins and arteries.", "thyroid gland", "veins", "Energy." ]
B
aquarat_3462
aquarat
<ctx> climbing power the vertical climbing power on slope is given by. this approximation approaches the real solution for small, i. e. normal grades. for extremely steep slopes such as 0. 35 the approximation gives an overestimation of about 6 %. as this power is used to increase the potential energy of bike and rider...
[ "A) 42", "B) 56", "C) 70", "D) 91" ]
D
We are told that:generallya cyclist's speed varies, depending on the terrain, between 6.0 miles per hour and 13.0 miles per hour, inclusive. Is it possible the cyclist to travel with maximum speed for some time? Why not, if there is right terrain for that. So, if there is long enough terrain for the maximum speed of 13...
aquarat_41853
aquarat
<ctx> , we can sum the area incrementally, partitioning the disk into thin concentric rings like the layers of an onion. this is the method of shell integration in two dimensions. for an infinitesimally thin ring of the " onion " of radius t, the accumulated area is 2t dt, the circumferential length of the ring times i...
[ "A)138", "B)154", "C)254.6", "D)280" ]
C
22/7 * 9 * 9 = 254.6 Answer:C
mmlu_aux_2719
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> genetics is the study of genes and tries to explain what they are and how they work. genes are how living organisms inherit features or traits from their ancestors ; for example, children usually look like their parents because they have inherited their parents'genes. genetics tries to identify which traits are i...
[ "DNA is a kind of gene.", "DNA is a substance that makes up genes.", "DNA is the basic unit of heredity.", "DNA is a measure to protect crime." ]
B
null
mmlu_aux_4608
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> " cracks " or " vents " thousands of kilometers long. these underwater mountain ranges are known as mid - ocean ridges. other seabed environments include hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, and shallow areas. marine life is abundant in the deep sea around hydrothermal vents. large deep sea communities of marine life ...
[ "it's blue", "it's cold and dark", "it has sunlight", "it has lots of plants" ]
B
null
medmcqa_8669
medmcqa
<ctx> axons could be distinguished by drugs such as tetrodotoxin and tetraethylammonium ion, and that their ionic selectivity can be understood by limiting pore size, the selectivity filter, and by movements of ions through a series of saturable sites. he showed that local anesthetics enter na + channels in a state - d...
[ "Enolase", "Hexokinase", "Cytochrome oxidase", "Carbonic anydrase" ]
A
A i.e. Enolase
pubmedqa_641
pubmedqa
<ctx> the mechanisms that underlie human inflammatory disease. using an approach that integrates genomics, bioinformatics, and mechanistic investigations, the program aims to identify the causes of genetically complex autoinflammatory diseases, including systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and behcet's disease. the ...
[ "yes", "no", "maybe" ]
B
mmlu_aux_4923
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land ( e. g. cats, chickens, ants, spiders ), as compared with aquatic animals, which live predominantly or entirely in the water ( e. g. fish, lobsters, octopuses ), and amphibians, which rely on aquatic and terrestrial habitats ( e. g. frogs...
[ "Spiders are not insects.", "All spiders have poison glands.", "Spiders make cocoons to keep their eggs safe.", "There are no spiders in the coldest places." ]
B
null
aquarat_18906
aquarat
<ctx> functions for simple and compound interest are if, then these two functions are the same. continuous compounding as n, the number of compounding periods per year, increases without limit, the case is known as continuous compounding, in which case the effective annual rate approaches an upper limit of, where is a ...
[ "A)k(1.06)^2", "B)k(1.06)^8", "C)k(1.015)^2", "D)E(1.015)^8" ]
D
Annual Rate of interest= 6% Quaterly rate of interest= 6/4% = 1.5% Now, periods of compounding in 2 years= 8 (8 quarters) Thus E(1.015)^8 Answer: D
medmcqa_820
medmcqa
<ctx> ##ing and timing. hypo and hyperglycemia levels which are significantly above or below this range are problematic and can in some cases be dangerous. a level of < 3. 8 mmol / l ( < 70 mg / dl ) is usually described as a hypoglycemic attack ( low blood sugar ). most diabetics know when they are going to " go hypo ...
[ "Cirrhosis", "Myotonic dystrophy", "Lipodystrophy", "Sarcoma" ]
D
In cirrhosis, blood sugar is elevated, due to reduced uptake of sugar by liver. In myotonic dystrophy and lipodystrophy, there is tissue insensitivity to insulin leading to hyperglycemia. Sarcoma especially large retroperitoneal sarcomas secrete IGF-2 and lead to hypoglycaemia.
qasc_1135
qasc
<ctx> blood to flow through the rest of the body. the blood circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate. it includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, that consists of the heart and...
[ "Collagen", "Proteins", "energy", "Energy." ]
C
qasc_3228
qasc
<ctx> most common families of desert plants are the cacti, which are covered in sharp spines or bristles for defence against herbivory. the bristles on certain cacti also have the ability to reflect sunlight, such as those of the old man cactus. certain xerophytes, like oleander, feature stomata that are recessed as a ...
[ "our planet", "in a vacuum", "in the desert", "Earth's atmosphere" ]
C
openbookqa_1284
openbookqa
<ctx> room, heat transfer from the gas to the room both its pressure and its volume. the energy can be changed when the gas is doing work as it expands β€” something we explore in heat and heat transfer methods β€” similar to what occurs in gasoline or steam engines and turbines. 13. 40 13. 10 540 13 β€’ temperature, kinet...
[ "melting", "freezing", "ascension", "cooling" ]
C
medmcqa_6309
medmcqa
<ctx> to occur at very high flow rates in the descending aorta, for example, in highly conditioned athletes. turbulence is also common in pathological conditions such as heart murmurs and stenotic heart valves. stenotic comes from the greek word " stenos, " meaning narrow. stenotic means narrowed, and a stenotic heart ...
[ "Intensity of S1 hea sound", "Diastolic murmur duration", "Opening snap", "Intensity of diastolic murmur" ]
B
Since there is mitral stenosis, more time for blood to enter LV. Therefore, increased transient time, so increase duration of murmur of S1 sound can be loud or soft. If sound is soft it tells us about calcified mitral valves but not of severity
medmcqa_3795
medmcqa
<ctx> process window index ( pwi ) is a statistical measure that quantifies the robustness of a manufacturing process, e. g. one which involves heating and cooling, known as a thermal process. in manufacturing industry, pwi values are used to calibrate the heating and cooling of soldering jobs ( known as a thermal prof...
[ "Tubo-Ovarian abscess on USG", "Cervical erosion", "Temparature > 37.5 degrees", "Infeility" ]
A
Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease manifest as Hydrosalpinx Chronic pyosalpinx Tubo ovarian abscess or cyst Tubercular tubovarian masses Ref: Shaw Gynecology 17 e pg 340.
openbookqa_505
openbookqa
<ctx> a small solar panel. rapid laying - out and removal of multiple - strand temporary electric fencing over a large area may be done using a set of reels mounted on a tractor or all - terrain vehicle. for sheep, poultry, and other smaller animals, plastic electric netting may be mounted on insulating stakesthis is a...
[ "collection of neurons", "friend", "weather condition", "higher power" ]
A
aquarat_24220
aquarat
<ctx> stock under different stock valuation methods can be confusing. another example is modelling labour variances with learning curve corrections and stock level changes. with the absence of a basic profit model in an algebraic form, confident development of such models is difficult. the development of spreadsheets h...
[ "A)10590", "B)10500", "C)10129", "D)11129" ]
B
Simran : Nanda = (50000 * 36) : (80000 * 30) = 3 : 4. Simran's share = Rs. ( 24500 * 3/7) = Rs. 10500. Answer: B
qasc_8098
qasc
<ctx> but today the world health organization takes a more broad approach, that the principles of palliative care should be applied as early as possible to any chronic and ultimately fatal illness. palpation – is the process of using one's hands to check the body, especially while perceiving / diagnosing a disease or i...
[ "kalenchoes", "Malpighian tubes", "solid, liquid, gas", "ankles" ]
B
aquarat_1858
aquarat
<ctx> is. 1 - b. add the items smaller than g to get a solution for. the number of bins is :. all in all, the number of bins is in and the run - time is in. by choosing we get. algorithm 2 let be a real parameter and an integer parameter to be determined later. 1 - a. let be an instance constructed from by removing all...
[ "A)8", "B)10", "C)16", "D)20" ]
B
Solution: Division by 2 has to be made, because in scenarios like ABC EFG EFG ABC or, CBA GFE GFE CBA, C(6,3)/2 =B
medmcqa_334
medmcqa
<ctx> to alcoholics for insomnia or anxiety management. initiating prescriptions of benzodiazepines or sedative - hypnotics in individuals in recovery has a high rate of relapse with one author reporting more than a quarter of people relapsed after being prescribed sedative - hypnotics. those who are long - term users ...
[ "Imipramine", "Fluoxetine", "Trazodone", "Seraline" ]
A
Sleep related enuresis- Treatment Bed alarms (behavioral therapy)- TOC Desmopressin (DOC) Imipramine (TCA Antidepressant)
openbookqa_2829
openbookqa
<ctx> insect ecology is the scientific study of how insects, individually or as a community, interact with the surrounding environment or ecosystem. insects play significant roles in the ecology of the world due to their vast diversity of form, function and lifestyle ; their considerable biomass ; and their interaction...
[ "eaters", "flora", "carnivore", "consumers" ]
B
medmcqa_4
medmcqa
<ctx> matrix are strong determinants of duct morphogenesis. biochemistry estrogen and growth hormone ( gh ) are essential for the ductal component of mammary gland development, and act synergistically to mediate it. neither estrogen nor gh are capable of inducing ductal development without the other. the role of gh in ...
[ "Directly", "IG1-1", "Thyroxine", "Intranuclear receptors" ]
B
Ans. is 'b' i.e., IGI-1GH has two major functions :-i) Growth of skeletal system :- The growth is mediated by somatomedins (IGF). Increased deposition of cailage (including chondroitin sulfate) and bone with increased proliferation of chondrocytes and osteocytes.ii) Metabolic effects :- Most of the metabolic effects ar...
arc_easy_1204
arc_easy
<ctx> recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects. this concept often includes the recovery of energy from waste materials. the recyclability of a material depends on its ability to reacquire the properties it had in its original state. it is an alternative to " conventional " ...
[ "using low energy appliances", "washing and reusing plastic cups", "using empty milk cartons as flower planters", "using aluminum cans to make new products" ]
D
aquarat_2681
aquarat
<ctx> 5. 7 β€’ change of variables in multiple integrals 563 397. 398. the circular annulus sector bounded by the circles and the line and the is shown in the following figure. find a transformation from a rectangular region in the to the region in the graph 399. the solid bounded by the circular cylinder and the planes ...
[ "A)15/88", "B)2/11", "C)5/22", "D)45/88" ]
A
A , B and C represent complete area of circle and c fraction be x. 3/8+5/11+x = 1. => x = 1- ( 3/8+5/11) x = 15/88. Answer:option A is correct answer..