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e91ef798075ae2a429232ffa46885735c7228d6d
due to the nature of the cryopreservation of
due to the nature of the cryopreservation of testicular tissue, ethical concerns must be eliminated before this technique can be used clinically. the experimental intervention in prepubertal boys lies a central concern with fertility preservation. since children are involved a thorough consideration into the risks vs t...
wikipedia
e2fe28f2ab5a815a3cbb652ef6446302f10ad003
it is important to consider the genetic stability
it is important to consider the genetic stability of the gametes which will be produced following the transplantation of the cryopreserved tissue. in mouse studies there have been some epigenetic changes observed which seem to be insignificant. in human culture, epigenetic changes in methylation status of several impri...
wikipedia
cc646d4da19fd5d5211af4688a379c75a8ac7866
contamination of the testicular tissue for cryopreservation by
contamination of the testicular tissue for cryopreservation by malignant cells is a concern. in a rodent model it has been shown that if malignant cells are present in the cryopreserved tissue, it can cause relapse of the malignancy transplanted into the host. there have been methods trialled to remove the malignant ce...
wikipedia
2f8abd1f4a38adcd51992ba1406e06d57c5fc5cf
the purpose of cryopreserving testis tissue is to
the purpose of cryopreserving testis tissue is to generate viable sperm. there have not yet been sperm generated using human cryopreserved testis tissue so we do not know if this would be successful. we have however generated functional sperm capable of fertilising oocytes using animal models including primates.
wikipedia
92a921813a47f1c5d91bc6e32b49517f674f66c5
after the tissue for cryopreservation is biopsied it
after the tissue for cryopreservation is biopsied it needs to be transported. the tissue must remain viable during this process. there are many important variables such as temperature, biopsy size, transport time and storage medium. all of these may affect the future viability of the tissue but there are currently no l...
wikipedia
0d8eed664c79e0dae2a9e8b7a035e4911e2cfed5
there have been numerous challenges identified in cryopreserving
there have been numerous challenges identified in cryopreserving testicular tissue many of which are due to very little tissue being available for research and the lack of long-term studies. testicular biopsies for cryopreservation have been performed among many research centres leading to variation in procedure and op...
wikipedia
81f39ee0b1b4995342c11ddd31fa58860f4d0812
slow freezing allows the temperature of the cells
slow freezing allows the temperature of the cells and surrounding medium to be modified in a controlled way, maximising the dehydration of the cells before temperatures are reached which cause intracellular ice to form – this reduces the likelihood of damage from ice crystals. vitrification freezes the tissue at an ‘ul...
wikipedia
43f05d8b69cadeb01aff2713ea7f6c64c0f0e939
testicular fragments are retrieved during surgery and immediately
testicular fragments are retrieved during surgery and immediately placed into a transport medium at 4 – 8 °c to reduce contamination. it is possible to freeze either whole tissue or cell suspensions from the tt extracted, although whole tissue preserves the ability to pursue both cell or tissue-based therapies in the f...
wikipedia
33026002d659d83ded3ab45c401d18bbfd2604f7
for pre-pubertal boys undergoing chemotherapy, or any other
for pre-pubertal boys undergoing chemotherapy, or any other treatment which may be significantly gonadotoxic, options to preserve fertility include cryopreservation of testicular tissue (tt). this procedure is ideally done before the commencement of any treatments to avoid mutagenic effects of this on the germ cells be...
wikipedia
b173cf6e07c692140b58ed3c873a1ebedbd9e4fa
in the future, cryopreservation of testicular tissue has
in the future, cryopreservation of testicular tissue has the potential to be used to help transgender women have children. again, in a scenario where a transgender women begins transitioning before spermarche (the beginning of sperm production, on average at 13.5 years), sperm producing tissue can be preserved instead....
wikipedia
0a7770ac891d87b5c8b8a6f72445dd801ad7db9e
another cause of male infertility is klinefelter syndrome.
another cause of male infertility is klinefelter syndrome. this is a chromosomal abnormality (xy individual with extra x chromosomes) which causes germ cell loss early in life. current research suggests that cryopreserving testicular tissue for prepubertal individuals can have promising results for using the tissue to ...
wikipedia
5d4b7b9a712d66f04342d9fa9d6f16a64c6cf3de
one cause of infertility in males is the
one cause of infertility in males is the medical treatment used to treat cancer (chemotherapy or radiotherapy), as it can have a toxic effect on the sperm producing tissue in the testes. for prepubertal boys undergoing cancer treatment who haven’t yet begun producing sperm, preservation of sperm itself is not an option...
wikipedia
dad735749b003819765e1ba7531b2150d1486816
current first line treatment for fertility maintenance in
current first line treatment for fertility maintenance in men undergoing treatment which damages testicular tissue is cryopreservation of sperm. in boys yet to start producing sperm this is not possible, so cryopreservation of testicular tissue has been proposed as alternative therapy. this method is still experimental...
wikipedia
007348986b3f7b13a2da40c13eb1775036a2f06d
electromagnetic forming is a type of high-velocity, cold
electromagnetic forming is a type of high-velocity, cold forming process for electrically conductive metals, most commonly copper and aluminium. the workpiece is reshaped by high-intensity pulsed magnetic fields that induce a current in the workpiece and a corresponding repulsive magnetic field, rapidly repelling porti...
wikipedia
01eb5134007e62f99b745cdb30fe2e9bc1c6ec81
the forming process is most often used to
the forming process is most often used to shrink or expand cylindrical tubing, but it can also form sheet metal by repelling the work piece onto a shaped die at a high velocity. high-quality joints can be formed, either by electromagnetic pulse crimping with a mechanical interlock or by electromagnetic pulse welding wi...
wikipedia
f518f6e4a879f683b3c3e364f12f528c61095b8a
the high work coil current (typically tens or
the high work coil current (typically tens or hundreds of thousands of amperes) creates ultra strong magnetic forces that easily overcome the yield strength of the metal work piece, causing permanent deformation. the metal forming process occurs extremely quickly (typically tens of microseconds) and, because of the lar...
wikipedia
3711c64ff34cfc516599cd5e062d76567136f13e
in practice the metal workpiece to be fabricated
in practice the metal workpiece to be fabricated is placed in proximity to a heavily constructed coil of wire (called the work coil). a huge pulse of current is forced through the work coil by rapidly discharging a high-voltage capacitor bank using an ignitron or a spark gap as a switch. this creates a rapidly oscillat...
wikipedia
0b0434f16c5ab4ebcd2ce632939c8185d6e3acec
a rapidly changing magnetic field induces a circulating
a rapidly changing magnetic field induces a circulating electric current within a nearby conductor through electromagnetic induction. the induced current creates a corresponding magnetic field around the conductor (see pinch (plasma physics)). because of lenz's law, the magnetic fields created within the conductor and ...
wikipedia
d73c70cfb20e4cbbabbb4651447359ab42de3093
a special coil is placed near the metallic
a special coil is placed near the metallic workpiece, replacing the pusher in traditional forming. when the system releases its intense magnetic pulse, the coil generates a magnetic field which in turn accelerates the workpiece to hyper speed and onto the die.the magnetic pulse and the extreme deformation speed transfo...
wikipedia
e0bc2989fbeda5468eb4ad2da42f8eff506a6ab3
electromagnetic forming (em forming or magneforming) is a
electromagnetic forming (em forming or magneforming) is a type of high-velocity, cold forming process for electrically conductive metals, most commonly copper and aluminium. the workpiece is reshaped by high-intensity pulsed magnetic fields that induce a current in the workpiece and a corresponding repulsive magnetic f...
wikipedia
fffd401a764958f69b7b3a9ea4a5a81ecaefeddd
chaucer's retraction is the final section of the
chaucer's retraction is the final section of the canterbury tales. it is written as an apology, where geoffrey chaucer asks for forgiveness for the vulgar and unworthy parts of this and other past works, and seeks absolution for his sins. it is not clear whether these are sincere declarations of remorse on chaucer's pa...
wikipedia
cdb7d1e7d4c0e3e36ce7485d098fd8eef7546ba0
that thanke i oure lord jhesu crist and
that thanke i oure lord jhesu crist and his blisful mooder, and alle the seintes of hevene, bisekynge hem that they from hennes forth unto my lyves ende sende me grace to biwayle my giltes, and to studie to the salvacioun of my soule, and graunte me grace of verray penitence, confessioun and satisfaccioun to doon in th...
wikipedia
568e0673f876600c4e9d7d1a27e33a7ff6697a1a
it is not clear whether these are sincere
it is not clear whether these are sincere declarations of remorse on chaucer's part, a continuation of the theme of penitence from the parson's tale or simply a way to advertise the rest of his works. it is not even certain if the retraction was an integral part of the canterbury tales or if it was the equivalent of a ...
wikipedia
13932137d6fd9a0ba086750eebe2f1f83c5f7928
wherfore i biseke yow mekely, for the mercy
wherfore i biseke yow mekely, for the mercy of god, that ye preye for me that crist have mercy on me and me my giltes; and namely of my translacions and enditynges of worldly vanitees, the whiche i revoke in my retracciouns: as is the book of troilus; the book also of fame; the book of the xxv. ladies; the book of the ...
wikipedia
09917c2ee9677f97d3fb16cd4e3ba91cb65996e5
chaucer's retraction is the final section of the
chaucer's retraction is the final section of the canterbury tales. it is written as an apology, where geoffrey chaucer asks for forgiveness for the vulgar and unworthy parts of this and other past works, and seeks absolution for his sins.
wikipedia
d95f6f93dce0e5bb4a501d525b5919dadde13a2f
diano started his career at guaçuano before being
diano started his career at guaçuano before being signed by belasitsa petrich on 19 july 2005. diano joined levski sofia on loan for the second half of the 2006–07 season before leaving for olimpik baku in 2008. diano spent two seasons with olimpik baku before joining sriwijaya fc in the indonesia super league.
wikipedia
fd0a5d43432dc2eb0031ae856fe57014f8bdbefb
claudiano alves dos santos (born 7 october 1981),
claudiano alves dos santos (born 7 october 1981), better known as diano, is a retired brazilian footballer who played as a defender. his last known club was sriwijaya fc in the indonesia super league.
wikipedia
4b8bcb94b25a5f718f0539bf9befc1e1e35e27cf
edward henry diachuk was a canadian ice hockey
edward henry diachuk was a canadian ice hockey player who played 12 games in the national hockey league for the detroit red wings during the 1960–61 season. the rest of his career, which lasted from 1955 to 1963, was mainly spent in the minor western hockey league.
wikipedia
7a3a34b50524ddcdc44740dcbe0ae6a0d2422872
edward henry diachuk (august 16, 1936 — december
edward henry diachuk (august 16, 1936 — december 26, 2017) was a canadian ice hockey player who played 12 games in the national hockey league for the detroit red wings during the 1960–61 season. the rest of his career, which lasted from 1955 to 1963, was mainly spent in the minor western hockey league.
wikipedia
c950552f91dff55249c01bc8fe7b30cb401d8bed
the edaga arbi glacials are a palaeozoic geological
the edaga arbi glacials are a palaeozoic geological formation in tigray and in eritrea. the matrix is composed of grey, black and purple clays, that contains rock fragments up to 6 metres across. pollen dating yields a late carboniferous to early permian age.
wikipedia
8b02047039624e51082134586e8a8c7cf9ce9ddf
the glacial erosion in northern ethiopia reshaped the
the glacial erosion in northern ethiopia reshaped the topography. later on this topography was covered by more recent sediments. in places where these sediments were again eroded, the ancient landforms have become visible. they are sometimes millimeters and sometimes kilometres wide. these ancient landforms are mainly ...
wikipedia
c403a4eb5bd52e1183b69a761dd6905b18c3eefb
the edaga arbi glacials may reach a thickness
the edaga arbi glacials may reach a thickness of 200 metres. similar to most other tillites, they hold many different types of sediment. generally, the sediments are rich in mud (clay and silt), in contrast to the enticho sandstone fluvioglacial deposits. basal till that was deposited directly under the ice holds many ...
wikipedia
8542f800b38609374013e2178bae0ce66193cfdb
these glaciogenic sediments were deposited directly by the
these glaciogenic sediments were deposited directly by the glacier as moraines. they have been consolidated, what allows to name them as tillites. as usual, these moraines and tillites are composed of large rock fragments in a fine earth mass. mudstones are predominant. often, they hold dropstones, what indicates that ...
wikipedia
eecd24116eb589e80d47108b4d0c00a56cca3a2c
the edaga arbi glacials fill the bottom of
the edaga arbi glacials fill the bottom of north-south oriented valleys, that were carved by glaciers, into the precambrian basement and in early palaeozoic sediments. these valleys were often several kilometres wide and tens of meters deep. indeed, northern ethiopia was glaciated in the early palaeozoic (late ordovici...
wikipedia
c7bbf213020f495543bec3d4614f49bb96a1736d
the name was coined by geologist d.b.dow and
the name was coined by geologist d.b.dow and colleagues they referred to the wide outcrops surrounding the town of idaga arbi. so far the nomenclature has not been proposed for recognition to the international commission on stratigraphy.
wikipedia
e61ae52dbd83d7a5e2e52ea4051c26add6c62405
the edaga arbi glacials are a palaeozoic geological
the edaga arbi glacials are a palaeozoic geological formation in tigray (northern ethiopia) and in eritrea. the matrix is composed of grey, black and purple clays (locally silt), that contains rock fragments up to 6 metres across. pollen dating yields a late carboniferous (~323 million years or ma) to early permian (~2...
wikipedia
204a28df36b825f694d881ade19da97476662eab
campbell cowan edgar was a scottish egyptologist, classical
campbell cowan edgar was a scottish egyptologist, classical archaeologist and papyrologist. he is especially noted for his work with a. s. hunt on translating the zenon papyri. between 1925 and 1927 he served as the keeper of the egyptian museum at cairo.
wikipedia
bdab56abd3f77c4d28d38d73da60960f12169bf5
c.c. edgar is still cited today by egyptology
c.c. edgar is still cited today by egyptology scholars. edgar donated a number of his archaeological finds to the collection of the british museum in london, including cycladic and minoan artefacts, and items from naukratis.
wikipedia
0d203384ece13a364732c46de48d8cf02ad50ab1
campbell cowan edgar died in berkhamsted in hertfordshire,
campbell cowan edgar died in berkhamsted in hertfordshire, england. he was buried in rectory lane cemetery, the burial ground of the church of st peter, great berkhamsted and his grave is marked with a headstone carved in the shape of a papyrus scroll. his wife, jessie robertson smith, outlived him by 32 years and was ...
wikipedia
43b9fb12d2d862b92c311e7ae033e65d077ef61e
in 1914, a hoard of ancient papyrus documents
in 1914, a hoard of ancient papyrus documents known as the zenon papyri was discovered in the nile valley, a cache of financial and legal records from the lost ancient city of philadelphia. together with fellow papyrologist arthur surridge hunt, edgar translated the documents from the original greek and demotic.
wikipedia
616167beece9823ba05ae2ef85a1ab10fdc904db
already a scholar of classical greece, c.c. edgar
already a scholar of classical greece, c.c. edgar began to specialise in the study of hellenistic egypt. in 1900 the egyptian government appointed him to work on the catalogue général des antiquités égyptiennes du musée du caire of the cairo museum, and edgar learned to read egyptian hieroglyphics. edgar's career in eg...
wikipedia
44fd33d871468181104c83a6dfbd5d0ff67c8fd6
among c.c. edgar's early archaeological expeditions was an
among c.c. edgar's early archaeological expeditions was an investigation of the temple at kynosarges near athens in 1896–1897, and excavations of the prehistoric cycladic burials at pelos on the island of milos in the cyclades.
wikipedia
05b72d1e0da0a2c8677a60ecc96e6266c8e1dfdf
the young campbell was educated at ayr academy,
the young campbell was educated at ayr academy, before going on to study at glasgow university 1887–91 under noted classical scholars richard claverhouse jebb and gilbert murray. after graduating from glasgow, edgar studied classical archaeology at oriel college, oxford 1891–95. as a gifted student, he was awarded the ...
wikipedia
752c402b408a48206963bedbcb702aabdbc6049c
edgar was in tongland, kirkcudbrightshire, in south-west scotland.
edgar was in tongland, kirkcudbrightshire, in south-west scotland. his parents were mary sybilla edgar (née cowan, 1845–1928) and rev andrew edgar (1830–1890), a church of scotland minister. they had nine children, among them charles samuel edgar (1874–1945), campbell's younger brother, who later became professor of gr...
wikipedia
1d34920a190839a8c39334262dd0f98c08a2faed
campbell cowan edgar (26 december 1870–10 may 1938)
campbell cowan edgar (26 december 1870–10 may 1938) was a scottish egyptologist, classical archaeologist and papyrologist. he is especially noted for his work with a. s. hunt on translating the zenon papyri. between 1925 and 1927 he served as the keeper of the egyptian museum at cairo.
wikipedia
c1103c5142c84428fdf772131ffbb8bbd4aa9612
ernest juvara was a romanian physician, innovative in
ernest juvara was a romanian physician, innovative in surgical and instrumental techniques. he was a professor at the faculty of medicine of the university of bucharest, with contributions in the field of bone prostheses, intestinal anastomoses and spinal anesthesia. he went to high school in bucharest, after which he ...
wikipedia
b1b418c38ced1dca71e973331396a0fbb2791a2b
ernest juvara (may 5, 1870, bârlad, vaslui county
ernest juvara (may 5, 1870, bârlad, vaslui county – may 5, 1933, bucharest) was a romanian physician, innovative in surgical and instrumental techniques. he was a professor at the faculty of medicine of the university of bucharest, with contributions in the field of bone prostheses, intestinal anastomoses and spinal an...
wikipedia
cf40d1136148baab0d87ae38b627bd3b00e7ad95
currie's brothers bob and sam also became footballers.
currie's brothers bob and sam also became footballers. currie served as a sergeant in mccrae's battalion of the royal scots during the first world war and was killed on the first day of the somme. he was shot in the right shoulder in no-man's land and died instantly during an assault on la boisselle. currie is commemor...
wikipedia
2db808fa6b71180fb65c5d0bf574ee4162d7ba7b
beath received a fulbright scholar award in 1993;
beath received a fulbright scholar award in 1993; a decision, risk, and management science program (drms) program grant of the national science foundation in 1998; and an advanced practices council (apc) grant from the society for information management (sim) in 2006.
wikipedia
17ce5498671b45b7900e360d9ba7081cd586745e
beath started her career in private industry, where
beath started her career in private industry, where she held positions in information systems development and in consultancy. she was appointed professor at the department of information, risk and operations management at the mccombs school of business. she is also affiliated with the mit center for information systems...
wikipedia
e10e6f16b5f9898b42d3e8667fb2d3e7730a0f51
beath obtained her ba in psychology from duke
beath obtained her ba in psychology from duke university in 1966, and later studied at university of california, los angeles, where she obtained her mba in computer and information systems in 1975, and her phd in computer and information systems in 1986
wikipedia
0e7f826e004240a802a6e6c54b9073129153bc6d
publications include nutrition and disease – the interaction
publications include nutrition and disease – the interaction of clinical and experimental work (edinburgh and london: oliver and boyd, 1934). in the work, he writes extensively on vitamin deficiency. he delivered the harveian oration to the royal college of physicians in 1938.
wikipedia
2a89df4865af81485ef33b7ffa08f6f3587d2c3d
in 1932, mellanby was awarded the cameron prize
in 1932, mellanby was awarded the cameron prize for therapeutics of the university of edinburgh. he delivered the croonian lecture to the royal college of physicians in 1933 and the croonian lecture to the royal society in 1943, both on the subject of diet.
wikipedia
c658c04f75b494a36349b7d291978507952cf43e
in 1920 he was appointed professor of pharmacology
in 1920 he was appointed professor of pharmacology at the university of sheffield, and consultant physician at the royal infirmary in that city. he then served as the secretary of the medical research council from 1933 to 1949.
wikipedia
d5bee7a502d9b0b7dc83ca0f47aa2c855c41ce46
after working as a research student from 1905
after working as a research student from 1905 to 1907, mellanby studied medicine at st. thomas's hospital in london, and in 1913 became a medical doctor. he served as a lecturer at king's college for women in london from 1913 to 1920, during which time he was asked to investigate the cause of rickets. he discovered tha...
wikipedia
517bec8b176254f1a3ac2585bbeed09ea79d8c3e
sir edward mellanby gbe kcb frs frcp (8
sir edward mellanby gbe kcb frs frcp (8 april 1884 – 30 january 1955) was a british biochemist and nutritionist who discovered vitamin d and its role in preventing rickets in 1919.
wikipedia
42b2a2f5f820d55d1672eb280d53be9a6e91547f
elektron ('electron'), in american sources sometimes called electron,
elektron ('electron'), in american sources sometimes called electron, was the first soviet multiple satellite program, comprising two identical pairs of particle physics satellites launched by the soviet union in 1964. the four spacecraft simultaneously monitored the lower and upper van allen radiation belts and return...
wikipedia
7a9ee64f0363a27ea26a2ea2ba7437e606cdb870
elektron 4 decayed from its orbit on 12
elektron 4 decayed from its orbit on 12 october 1983, and elektron 2 decayed from its orbit on 20 july 1997. elektron 1 and 3 remain in orbit as of 2023.
wikipedia
09995624adca6697aaf9750625339c9f3d6a0f03
the elektron satellites returned data that supported more
the elektron satellites returned data that supported more than a dozen technical papers on a variety of subjects including near-earth magnetic fields, particle distribution, and ionospheric studies, and allowed the assessment of risk to both cosmonauts and satellites from radiation in outer space. the elektron satellit...
wikipedia
e5c071993007a4ba5ecc1bfad8339c3ef5bffb02
elektron 3 and 4 were launched on july
elektron 3 and 4 were launched on july 11, 1964, at 21:51:02 utc from launch complex 1 at baikonur space center, again on a single vostok 8k72k, with identical missions and similar orbits to that of elektron 1 and 2. elektron 3's orbit had a perigee of 408 kilometres (254 mi), an apogee of 7,030 kilometres (4,370 mi), ...
wikipedia
eb3826534d91c77e99859faef2b6bae00f3b146d
elektron 2's orbit took the spacecraft beyond the
elektron 2's orbit took the spacecraft beyond the earth's magnetosphere to penetrate the shock wave and turbulent area marking the earth's magnetopause: its initial perigee was 460 kilometres (290 mi), the apogee was 68,000 kilometres (42,000 mi), its orbital inclination was 61°, and its period 1,360 minutes.
wikipedia
6709e33e50740909109805be6f00190211257c97
elektrons 1 and 2 were launched on january
elektrons 1 and 2 were launched on january 30, 1964, at 09:45:09 utc from launch complex 1 at baikonur space center (also known as niip-5) on a single vostok 8k72k carrier rocket marking the first soviet multiple satellite launch. the satellites, although launched from earth together, were released at different stages,...
wikipedia
c00ce99674f0e85423fdb33b20501c1eb6129e57
the experiment packages for elektron 2 and 4
the experiment packages for elektron 2 and 4 were also identical, and each included a radio frequency mass spectrometer; geiger counters, scintillation counters, and semiconductor detectors for radiation studies; a spherical ion trap; two three-axis fluxgate magnetometers; a galactic radio-noise receiver; solar x-ray p...
wikipedia
0e8183465e8676811e731d3cf06a11cb27a9a23f
elektron 2 and 4 had design masses of
elektron 2 and 4 had design masses of 460 kg (1,010 lb), were 4 metres (13 ft) in diameter and 8.5 metres (28 ft) long, also cylindrical, but with a skirt of solar cells with a combined area of 20 m for power generation rather than solar panels. the satellites were to be boosted into highly eccentric 450 kilometres (28...
wikipedia
a76a24984c546e91bf6d1e72453d0279bd29792f
the experiment packages for elektron 1 and 3
the experiment packages for elektron 1 and 3 were identical, each including a radio frequency mass spectrometer; geiger counters, scintillation counters, and semiconductor detectors for radiation studies; a piezoelectric micrometeoroid detector; a galactic radio-noise receiver, and a radio beacon for ionospheric studie...
wikipedia
314e5f56904b601233f65737394f284e7fea9f2a
elektron 1 and 3 had design masses of
elektron 1 and 3 had design masses of 350 kg (770 lb), were 3.25 metres (10.7 ft) in diameter, and were designed to be placed into eccentric 425 kilometres (264 mi) × 6,000 kilometres (3,700 mi) orbits. they were cylindrical with six solar panels with a combined area of 20 m for power generation.
wikipedia
70b951d051d3e67480d52fc16d6af7b0320083ea
per decrees on 9 may 1960 and 13
per decrees on 9 may 1960 and 13 may 1961, the satellites would consist of two identical pairs of spacecraft, the satellites of each pair in differing orbits to map the lower and upper van allen belts simultaneously. the satellites would orbit at higher orbital inclinations than those launched by the united states (at ...
wikipedia
cc09d9b35d1bf53f3d0573d458001b68305960cb
on 23 june 1960, soviet spaceflight engineer sergei
on 23 june 1960, soviet spaceflight engineer sergei korolev 's "big space plan" for the future of soviet space endeavors was approved by the central committee of the communist party and the council of soviet ministers. the plan included provisions for the development of scientific spacecraft to map earth's van allen ra...
wikipedia
08dacead9e20f14100c2308131beaa22c3b5dc83
elektron (russian: электрон) (' electron '), in american
elektron (russian: электрон) (' electron '), in american sources sometimes called electron, was the first soviet multiple satellite program, comprising two identical pairs of particle physics satellites launched by the soviet union in 1964. the four spacecraft simultaneously monitored the lower and upper van allen radi...
wikipedia
3f586fe563fdc3c9b1f024f49d7ebb7b966f9423
crispr-associated protein 1 (cas1) is one of the
crispr-associated protein 1 (cas1) is one of the two universally conserved proteins found in the crispr prokaryotic immune defense system. cas1 is a metal-dependent dna-specific endonuclease that produces double-stranded dna fragments. cas1 forms a stable complex with the other universally conserved crispr-associated p...
wikipedia
38dfb33d66a4d7f8ce6b3aa58f2519bfdc338123
in july 2017, researchers led by jennifer doudna
in july 2017, researchers led by jennifer doudna from the university of california at berkeley, in berkeley, california, using electron microscopy and x-ray crystallography, at the advanced light source at lawrence berkeley national laboratory, the stanford linear accelerator center, and the hhmi electron microscope fa...
wikipedia
5ec26b8c4961bf2e35d1f050e490fe2547494cdf
crispr-associated protein 1 (cas1) is one of the
crispr-associated protein 1 (cas1) is one of the two universally conserved proteins found in the crispr prokaryotic immune defense system. cas1 is a metal-dependent dna-specific endonuclease that produces double-stranded dna fragments. cas1 forms a stable complex with the other universally conserved crispr-associated p...
wikipedia
6003ee2c5d294302f2a52db920338ebe8dd7e774
the scanning of an electron beam across the
the scanning of an electron beam across the surface of the device may result in additional charge buildup on conductors which are disconnected from the remainder of the circuit (floating conductors). if a cmos device is under active bias, the presence of open conductors may not prevent the circuit from operating at low...
wikipedia
0b1911fe9d0bbb5aa06ddf5c799236a4fbb196c9
a coincidence rangefinder or coincidence telemeter is a
a coincidence rangefinder or coincidence telemeter is a type of rangefinder that uses the principle of triangulation and an optical device to allow an operator to determine the distance to a visible object. there are subtypes split-image telemeter, inverted image, or double-image telemeter with different principles how...
wikipedia
374872a754146387950179351a50b0cd8713d008
in november and december 1941, the united states
in november and december 1941, the united states national defense research committee conducted extensive tests between the american bausch and lomb m1 stereoscopic rangefinder and the british barr and stroud fq 25 and ub 7 coincidence rangefinders, and concluded "that the tests indicate no important difference in the p...
wikipedia
a70f028fe82d6c66d3a660079aecae6355b1587d
the coincidence rangefinder uses a single eyepiece. light
the coincidence rangefinder uses a single eyepiece. light from the target enters the rangefinder through two windows located at either end of the instrument. at either side the incident beam is reflected to the center of the optical bar by a pentaprism. the optical bar is ideally made from a material with a low coeffic...
wikipedia
85bc062bf899a80358ff3cba8af99e6aafcb618b
optical rangefinders using this principle, while applicable to
optical rangefinders using this principle, while applicable to several purposes, were widely used for military purposes—determining the range of a target—and for photographic use, determining the distance of a subject to photograph to allow focusing on it. photographic rangefinders were initially accessories, from whic...
wikipedia
e6fe210e4844576fd76b2c82dc66d88996aa7b98
the device consists of a long tube with
the device consists of a long tube with a forward-facing lens at each end and an operator eyepiece in the center. two prism wedges which, when aligned result in no deviation of the light, are inserted into the light path of one of the two lenses. by rotating the prisms in opposite directions using a differential gear, ...
wikipedia
5f89efd3b5b77e1cfc2d10d4612fde9f75027162
coincidence rangefinders work through the principle of triangulation.
coincidence rangefinders work through the principle of triangulation. in the pictured example, triangulation can be used to determine the range of the ship 𝑑. the position of the lenses a and b are known, and the angle of the lenses α and/or β is set by the operator so that both are aimed at the target. because the di...
wikipedia
076a317c49f407fb22e250b785c6e2a011479858
a coincidence rangefinder or coincidence telemeter is a
a coincidence rangefinder or coincidence telemeter is a type of rangefinder that uses the principle of triangulation and an optical device to allow an operator to determine the distance to a visible object. there are subtypes split-image telemeter, inverted image, or double-image telemeter with different principles how...
wikipedia
8327bdbab6a767e7320b2de1878fbf3fc9f39c5b
dan graur \ˈɡra.ur\ is a romanian-american scientist working
dan graur \ˈɡra.ur\ is a romanian-american scientist working in the field of molecular evolution. he is a moores professor at the university of houston and professor emeritus of zoology at tel aviv university, israel. he is coauthor along with wen-hsiung li of fundamentals of molecular evolution. his molecular and geno...
wikipedia
681cc2572d363ce4b3eb0b08f3e3c662e1c27c1a
from 1986 to 2003 he worked in the
from 1986 to 2003 he worked in the department of zoology at tel aviv university. he retired in 2006 as norman and rose lederer professor emeritus of zoology. in 2003, he moved to the university of houston. from 2009 to 2011 he has held the position of councillor for the society for molecular biology and evolution. grau...
wikipedia
46ffd5fbaa8c18a7f72def72838be29cf19f5918
dan graur earned a b.sc. in biology and
dan graur earned a b.sc. in biology and an m.sc. in zoology from tel aviv university. in 1985 graur received his ph.d. at the university of texas health science center at houston for research supervised by masatoshi nei. he conducted postdoctoral research at the university of tübingen, germany.
wikipedia
791d6af4be1c1fa25e6ab763f9b395190c9f4e00
dan graur \ˈɡra.ur\ (born july 24, 1953, in
dan graur \ˈɡra.ur\ (born july 24, 1953, in piatra neamț) is a romanian-american scientist working in the field of molecular evolution. he is a moores professor at the university of houston and professor emeritus of zoology at tel aviv university, israel. he is coauthor along with wen-hsiung li of fundamentals of molec...
wikipedia
fd81026e91414cbc5b037dd0fd480dbcf4cc2ab6
colin robert mcinnes is a scottish engineer known
colin robert mcinnes is a scottish engineer known for his work in solar sails. he is currently one of the leading figures in the field, being the author of over 50 solar sail papers since 2001. he also wrote a book on the subject, solar sailing: technology, dynamics and mission applications, which is commonly reference...
wikipedia
529e3a8e23438b0c000c99ab0b1e274a2fb8855b
his research interests centre on trajectory and mission
his research interests centre on trajectory and mission analysis for solar sails (about which he has written an authoritative textbook), autonomous spacecraft control and space robotics. he is a fellow of the royal society of edinburgh and was elected a fellow of the royal academy of engineering in july 2003.
wikipedia
9dbdcd1c4361efcc848b056a47fcffdcb3e41dea
mcinnes obtained a bsc (hons) in physics and
mcinnes obtained a bsc (hons) in physics and astronomy and phd in astrodynamics from the university of glasgow in 1988 and 1991 respectively, during which he independently invented (in parallel with robert forward) the concept variously known as the solar sail halo orbit, the statite, the artificial lagrange point and ...
wikipedia
da10b5e5ca297b17fd7c743f70ce777a483333f1
colin robert mcinnes mbe frse finstp freng is
colin robert mcinnes mbe frse finstp freng is a scottish engineer known for his work in solar sails. he is currently one of the leading figures in the field, being the author (or co-author) of over 50 solar sail papers since 2001. he also wrote a book on the subject, solar sailing: technology, dynamics and mission appl...
wikipedia
7a22b37fbb63c3dd52d92415cdc09c6717222b40
some publications claim that every chinese immigration influx
some publications claim that every chinese immigration influx isn't with mal intent. the cadre transfer policy wasn't an assimilation attempt because the number of chinese immigrants was minimal compared to other periods; instead it was an attempt to promote economic development of the newly annexed region. professiona...
wikipedia
90191b529a8260ffbf64d05b6c4cb385cc3a80b9
military occupancy increases chinese population of tibet, however
military occupancy increases chinese population of tibet, however they also reduce the tibetan population in the region, thus increasing the proportion of chinese to native tibetans. sources say that from 1952 to 1958, during the early stages of chinese annexation of tibet, the pla killed over 10,000 tibetans in kanlho...
wikipedia
2625163c1276f28c4b7c848f918046779eb531fe
although reports are highly censored and misrepresented, some
although reports are highly censored and misrepresented, some statistics have been obtained. the office of tibet claims that misrepresentation currently is affected by a lack of residence permits held by migrants. the office of tibet also claims that militant occupation consists of "at least a quarter million", focused...
wikipedia
0459db5c0eb807643d101762379d188492132026
in 1999 lobsang sangay, a leader of the
in 1999 lobsang sangay, a leader of the tibetan youth congress, alleged in the harvard asia quarterly that 60-70% of the population in lhasa now is chinese and, outside of the traditional tibetan " barkhor " market, tibetans own only 400-450 of the 3,500 to 4,000 shops. han chinese also occupy most government-related e...
wikipedia
920928e62a6e4feb162ea37a6704e2dfd41b1050
the free tibet campaign in april 1996 made
the free tibet campaign in april 1996 made the unproven claim that 500,000 chinese were to be moved into eastern tibet to work in copper mines, a project that was to involve the building of several new mining towns.
wikipedia
18c448eda482487eb007e8edafbcd2f9a2de943c
another claim of the motive of the chinese
another claim of the motive of the chinese government is that the religious and social systems of tibet are not aligned with those of the chinese government, and, again, to create a more homogenous region, creating migration to promote assimilation of tibetans. the consequences of this religious homogenization, however...
wikipedia
aad16d03fc8957e9bad598d2c7116eb143c43b09
chinese migrants are incentivized with major personal economic
chinese migrants are incentivized with major personal economic benefits. publications report salary increases averaging at 71.8% of the migrant's previous salary. monthly allowances are also provided, the amount fluctuating according to the migrant's residence "hardship level". children of the cadre transfer policy mig...
wikipedia
37c3eb20817d2a96f522149c55ce984bbe55c678
one tibetan administration formally declared its independence in
one tibetan administration formally declared its independence in 1912 and was de facto independent until the people's republic of china reasserted chinese claims over the area in 1949.the office of tibet in washington, d.c., made a statement that an alarming influx of chinese migrants into tibetan major cities is the c...
wikipedia
20c876abc52ff74b50bec3a35cc2a8dbbce79da4
chen joined chinese super league side chongqing lifan
chen joined chinese super league side chongqing lifan in the 2015 season. on 25 april 2018, he made his debut for the club in a 2–0 away win over anhui hefei guiguan in the 2018 chinese fa cup. on 2 may 2018, chen played in another fa cup match against dalian yifang with a 1–0 home defeat.
wikipedia
1f5ed14dc3a7457290a7583421401733f6453971
chen anqi started his professional football career in
chen anqi started his professional football career in 2012 when he was promoted to china league one side shenyang dongjin 's first team squad. he made nine league appearances in the 2013 season after shenyang dongjin were relegated to the china league two.
wikipedia
1c18ad63c56dbba5ceb97d519dcbb5b59188b5ef
chen anqi (chinese: 陈安琪; pinyin: chén Ānqí; born
chen anqi (chinese: 陈安琪; pinyin: chén Ānqí; born 4 june 1993) is a chinese footballer who currently plays for china league one side kunshan fc.
wikipedia
e7fb94f89003654f9089f1a7f1583ae49625c8e4
in automotive engineering the electronic differential is a
in automotive engineering the electronic differential is a form of differential, which provides the required torque for each driving wheel and allows different wheel speeds. it is used in place of the mechanical differential in multi-drive systems. when cornering, the inner and outer wheels rotate at different speeds, ...
wikipedia