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e91ef798075ae2a429232ffa46885735c7228d6d | due to the nature of the cryopreservation of | due to the nature of the cryopreservation of testicular tissue, ethical concerns must be eliminated before this technique can be used clinically. the experimental intervention in prepubertal boys lies a central concern with fertility preservation. since children are involved a thorough consideration into the risks vs t... | wikipedia |
e2fe28f2ab5a815a3cbb652ef6446302f10ad003 | it is important to consider the genetic stability | it is important to consider the genetic stability of the gametes which will be produced following the transplantation of the cryopreserved tissue. in mouse studies there have been some epigenetic changes observed which seem to be insignificant. in human culture, epigenetic changes in methylation status of several impri... | wikipedia |
cc646d4da19fd5d5211af4688a379c75a8ac7866 | contamination of the testicular tissue for cryopreservation by | contamination of the testicular tissue for cryopreservation by malignant cells is a concern. in a rodent model it has been shown that if malignant cells are present in the cryopreserved tissue, it can cause relapse of the malignancy transplanted into the host. there have been methods trialled to remove the malignant ce... | wikipedia |
2f8abd1f4a38adcd51992ba1406e06d57c5fc5cf | the purpose of cryopreserving testis tissue is to | the purpose of cryopreserving testis tissue is to generate viable sperm. there have not yet been sperm generated using human cryopreserved testis tissue so we do not know if this would be successful. we have however generated functional sperm capable of fertilising oocytes using animal models including primates. | wikipedia |
92a921813a47f1c5d91bc6e32b49517f674f66c5 | after the tissue for cryopreservation is biopsied it | after the tissue for cryopreservation is biopsied it needs to be transported. the tissue must remain viable during this process. there are many important variables such as temperature, biopsy size, transport time and storage medium. all of these may affect the future viability of the tissue but there are currently no l... | wikipedia |
0d8eed664c79e0dae2a9e8b7a035e4911e2cfed5 | there have been numerous challenges identified in cryopreserving | there have been numerous challenges identified in cryopreserving testicular tissue many of which are due to very little tissue being available for research and the lack of long-term studies. testicular biopsies for cryopreservation have been performed among many research centres leading to variation in procedure and op... | wikipedia |
81f39ee0b1b4995342c11ddd31fa58860f4d0812 | slow freezing allows the temperature of the cells | slow freezing allows the temperature of the cells and surrounding medium to be modified in a controlled way, maximising the dehydration of the cells before temperatures are reached which cause intracellular ice to form – this reduces the likelihood of damage from ice crystals. vitrification freezes the tissue at an ‘ul... | wikipedia |
43f05d8b69cadeb01aff2713ea7f6c64c0f0e939 | testicular fragments are retrieved during surgery and immediately | testicular fragments are retrieved during surgery and immediately placed into a transport medium at 4 – 8 °c to reduce contamination. it is possible to freeze either whole tissue or cell suspensions from the tt extracted, although whole tissue preserves the ability to pursue both cell or tissue-based therapies in the f... | wikipedia |
33026002d659d83ded3ab45c401d18bbfd2604f7 | for pre-pubertal boys undergoing chemotherapy, or any other | for pre-pubertal boys undergoing chemotherapy, or any other treatment which may be significantly gonadotoxic, options to preserve fertility include cryopreservation of testicular tissue (tt). this procedure is ideally done before the commencement of any treatments to avoid mutagenic effects of this on the germ cells be... | wikipedia |
b173cf6e07c692140b58ed3c873a1ebedbd9e4fa | in the future, cryopreservation of testicular tissue has | in the future, cryopreservation of testicular tissue has the potential to be used to help transgender women have children. again, in a scenario where a transgender women begins transitioning before spermarche (the beginning of sperm production, on average at 13.5 years), sperm producing tissue can be preserved instead.... | wikipedia |
0a7770ac891d87b5c8b8a6f72445dd801ad7db9e | another cause of male infertility is klinefelter syndrome. | another cause of male infertility is klinefelter syndrome. this is a chromosomal abnormality (xy individual with extra x chromosomes) which causes germ cell loss early in life. current research suggests that cryopreserving testicular tissue for prepubertal individuals can have promising results for using the tissue to ... | wikipedia |
5d4b7b9a712d66f04342d9fa9d6f16a64c6cf3de | one cause of infertility in males is the | one cause of infertility in males is the medical treatment used to treat cancer (chemotherapy or radiotherapy), as it can have a toxic effect on the sperm producing tissue in the testes. for prepubertal boys undergoing cancer treatment who haven’t yet begun producing sperm, preservation of sperm itself is not an option... | wikipedia |
dad735749b003819765e1ba7531b2150d1486816 | current first line treatment for fertility maintenance in | current first line treatment for fertility maintenance in men undergoing treatment which damages testicular tissue is cryopreservation of sperm. in boys yet to start producing sperm this is not possible, so cryopreservation of testicular tissue has been proposed as alternative therapy. this method is still experimental... | wikipedia |
007348986b3f7b13a2da40c13eb1775036a2f06d | electromagnetic forming is a type of high-velocity, cold | electromagnetic forming is a type of high-velocity, cold forming process for electrically conductive metals, most commonly copper and aluminium. the workpiece is reshaped by high-intensity pulsed magnetic fields that induce a current in the workpiece and a corresponding repulsive magnetic field, rapidly repelling porti... | wikipedia |
01eb5134007e62f99b745cdb30fe2e9bc1c6ec81 | the forming process is most often used to | the forming process is most often used to shrink or expand cylindrical tubing, but it can also form sheet metal by repelling the work piece onto a shaped die at a high velocity. high-quality joints can be formed, either by electromagnetic pulse crimping with a mechanical interlock or by electromagnetic pulse welding wi... | wikipedia |
f518f6e4a879f683b3c3e364f12f528c61095b8a | the high work coil current (typically tens or | the high work coil current (typically tens or hundreds of thousands of amperes) creates ultra strong magnetic forces that easily overcome the yield strength of the metal work piece, causing permanent deformation. the metal forming process occurs extremely quickly (typically tens of microseconds) and, because of the lar... | wikipedia |
3711c64ff34cfc516599cd5e062d76567136f13e | in practice the metal workpiece to be fabricated | in practice the metal workpiece to be fabricated is placed in proximity to a heavily constructed coil of wire (called the work coil). a huge pulse of current is forced through the work coil by rapidly discharging a high-voltage capacitor bank using an ignitron or a spark gap as a switch. this creates a rapidly oscillat... | wikipedia |
0b0434f16c5ab4ebcd2ce632939c8185d6e3acec | a rapidly changing magnetic field induces a circulating | a rapidly changing magnetic field induces a circulating electric current within a nearby conductor through electromagnetic induction. the induced current creates a corresponding magnetic field around the conductor (see pinch (plasma physics)). because of lenz's law, the magnetic fields created within the conductor and ... | wikipedia |
d73c70cfb20e4cbbabbb4651447359ab42de3093 | a special coil is placed near the metallic | a special coil is placed near the metallic workpiece, replacing the pusher in traditional forming. when the system releases its intense magnetic pulse, the coil generates a magnetic field which in turn accelerates the workpiece to hyper speed and onto the die.the magnetic pulse and the extreme deformation speed transfo... | wikipedia |
e0bc2989fbeda5468eb4ad2da42f8eff506a6ab3 | electromagnetic forming (em forming or magneforming) is a | electromagnetic forming (em forming or magneforming) is a type of high-velocity, cold forming process for electrically conductive metals, most commonly copper and aluminium. the workpiece is reshaped by high-intensity pulsed magnetic fields that induce a current in the workpiece and a corresponding repulsive magnetic f... | wikipedia |
fffd401a764958f69b7b3a9ea4a5a81ecaefeddd | chaucer's retraction is the final section of the | chaucer's retraction is the final section of the canterbury tales. it is written as an apology, where geoffrey chaucer asks for forgiveness for the vulgar and unworthy parts of this and other past works, and seeks absolution for his sins. it is not clear whether these are sincere declarations of remorse on chaucer's pa... | wikipedia |
cdb7d1e7d4c0e3e36ce7485d098fd8eef7546ba0 | that thanke i oure lord jhesu crist and | that thanke i oure lord jhesu crist and his blisful mooder, and alle the seintes of hevene, bisekynge hem that they from hennes forth unto my lyves ende sende me grace to biwayle my giltes, and to studie to the salvacioun of my soule, and graunte me grace of verray penitence, confessioun and satisfaccioun to doon in th... | wikipedia |
568e0673f876600c4e9d7d1a27e33a7ff6697a1a | it is not clear whether these are sincere | it is not clear whether these are sincere declarations of remorse on chaucer's part, a continuation of the theme of penitence from the parson's tale or simply a way to advertise the rest of his works. it is not even certain if the retraction was an integral part of the canterbury tales or if it was the equivalent of a ... | wikipedia |
13932137d6fd9a0ba086750eebe2f1f83c5f7928 | wherfore i biseke yow mekely, for the mercy | wherfore i biseke yow mekely, for the mercy of god, that ye preye for me that crist have mercy on me and me my giltes; and namely of my translacions and enditynges of worldly vanitees, the whiche i revoke in my retracciouns: as is the book of troilus; the book also of fame; the book of the xxv. ladies; the book of the ... | wikipedia |
09917c2ee9677f97d3fb16cd4e3ba91cb65996e5 | chaucer's retraction is the final section of the | chaucer's retraction is the final section of the canterbury tales. it is written as an apology, where geoffrey chaucer asks for forgiveness for the vulgar and unworthy parts of this and other past works, and seeks absolution for his sins. | wikipedia |
d95f6f93dce0e5bb4a501d525b5919dadde13a2f | diano started his career at guaçuano before being | diano started his career at guaçuano before being signed by belasitsa petrich on 19 july 2005. diano joined levski sofia on loan for the second half of the 2006–07 season before leaving for olimpik baku in 2008. diano spent two seasons with olimpik baku before joining sriwijaya fc in the indonesia super league. | wikipedia |
fd0a5d43432dc2eb0031ae856fe57014f8bdbefb | claudiano alves dos santos (born 7 october 1981), | claudiano alves dos santos (born 7 october 1981), better known as diano, is a retired brazilian footballer who played as a defender. his last known club was sriwijaya fc in the indonesia super league. | wikipedia |
4b8bcb94b25a5f718f0539bf9befc1e1e35e27cf | edward henry diachuk was a canadian ice hockey | edward henry diachuk was a canadian ice hockey player who played 12 games in the national hockey league for the detroit red wings during the 1960–61 season. the rest of his career, which lasted from 1955 to 1963, was mainly spent in the minor western hockey league. | wikipedia |
7a3a34b50524ddcdc44740dcbe0ae6a0d2422872 | edward henry diachuk (august 16, 1936 — december | edward henry diachuk (august 16, 1936 — december 26, 2017) was a canadian ice hockey player who played 12 games in the national hockey league for the detroit red wings during the 1960–61 season. the rest of his career, which lasted from 1955 to 1963, was mainly spent in the minor western hockey league. | wikipedia |
c950552f91dff55249c01bc8fe7b30cb401d8bed | the edaga arbi glacials are a palaeozoic geological | the edaga arbi glacials are a palaeozoic geological formation in tigray and in eritrea. the matrix is composed of grey, black and purple clays, that contains rock fragments up to 6 metres across. pollen dating yields a late carboniferous to early permian age. | wikipedia |
8b02047039624e51082134586e8a8c7cf9ce9ddf | the glacial erosion in northern ethiopia reshaped the | the glacial erosion in northern ethiopia reshaped the topography. later on this topography was covered by more recent sediments. in places where these sediments were again eroded, the ancient landforms have become visible. they are sometimes millimeters and sometimes kilometres wide. these ancient landforms are mainly ... | wikipedia |
c403a4eb5bd52e1183b69a761dd6905b18c3eefb | the edaga arbi glacials may reach a thickness | the edaga arbi glacials may reach a thickness of 200 metres. similar to most other tillites, they hold many different types of sediment. generally, the sediments are rich in mud (clay and silt), in contrast to the enticho sandstone fluvioglacial deposits. basal till that was deposited directly under the ice holds many ... | wikipedia |
8542f800b38609374013e2178bae0ce66193cfdb | these glaciogenic sediments were deposited directly by the | these glaciogenic sediments were deposited directly by the glacier as moraines. they have been consolidated, what allows to name them as tillites. as usual, these moraines and tillites are composed of large rock fragments in a fine earth mass. mudstones are predominant. often, they hold dropstones, what indicates that ... | wikipedia |
eecd24116eb589e80d47108b4d0c00a56cca3a2c | the edaga arbi glacials fill the bottom of | the edaga arbi glacials fill the bottom of north-south oriented valleys, that were carved by glaciers, into the precambrian basement and in early palaeozoic sediments. these valleys were often several kilometres wide and tens of meters deep. indeed, northern ethiopia was glaciated in the early palaeozoic (late ordovici... | wikipedia |
c7bbf213020f495543bec3d4614f49bb96a1736d | the name was coined by geologist d.b.dow and | the name was coined by geologist d.b.dow and colleagues they referred to the wide outcrops surrounding the town of idaga arbi. so far the nomenclature has not been proposed for recognition to the international commission on stratigraphy. | wikipedia |
e61ae52dbd83d7a5e2e52ea4051c26add6c62405 | the edaga arbi glacials are a palaeozoic geological | the edaga arbi glacials are a palaeozoic geological formation in tigray (northern ethiopia) and in eritrea. the matrix is composed of grey, black and purple clays (locally silt), that contains rock fragments up to 6 metres across. pollen dating yields a late carboniferous (~323 million years or ma) to early permian (~2... | wikipedia |
204a28df36b825f694d881ade19da97476662eab | campbell cowan edgar was a scottish egyptologist, classical | campbell cowan edgar was a scottish egyptologist, classical archaeologist and papyrologist. he is especially noted for his work with a. s. hunt on translating the zenon papyri. between 1925 and 1927 he served as the keeper of the egyptian museum at cairo. | wikipedia |
bdab56abd3f77c4d28d38d73da60960f12169bf5 | c.c. edgar is still cited today by egyptology | c.c. edgar is still cited today by egyptology scholars. edgar donated a number of his archaeological finds to the collection of the british museum in london, including cycladic and minoan artefacts, and items from naukratis. | wikipedia |
0d203384ece13a364732c46de48d8cf02ad50ab1 | campbell cowan edgar died in berkhamsted in hertfordshire, | campbell cowan edgar died in berkhamsted in hertfordshire, england. he was buried in rectory lane cemetery, the burial ground of the church of st peter, great berkhamsted and his grave is marked with a headstone carved in the shape of a papyrus scroll. his wife, jessie robertson smith, outlived him by 32 years and was ... | wikipedia |
43b9fb12d2d862b92c311e7ae033e65d077ef61e | in 1914, a hoard of ancient papyrus documents | in 1914, a hoard of ancient papyrus documents known as the zenon papyri was discovered in the nile valley, a cache of financial and legal records from the lost ancient city of philadelphia. together with fellow papyrologist arthur surridge hunt, edgar translated the documents from the original greek and demotic. | wikipedia |
616167beece9823ba05ae2ef85a1ab10fdc904db | already a scholar of classical greece, c.c. edgar | already a scholar of classical greece, c.c. edgar began to specialise in the study of hellenistic egypt. in 1900 the egyptian government appointed him to work on the catalogue général des antiquités égyptiennes du musée du caire of the cairo museum, and edgar learned to read egyptian hieroglyphics. edgar's career in eg... | wikipedia |
44fd33d871468181104c83a6dfbd5d0ff67c8fd6 | among c.c. edgar's early archaeological expeditions was an | among c.c. edgar's early archaeological expeditions was an investigation of the temple at kynosarges near athens in 1896–1897, and excavations of the prehistoric cycladic burials at pelos on the island of milos in the cyclades. | wikipedia |
05b72d1e0da0a2c8677a60ecc96e6266c8e1dfdf | the young campbell was educated at ayr academy, | the young campbell was educated at ayr academy, before going on to study at glasgow university 1887–91 under noted classical scholars richard claverhouse jebb and gilbert murray. after graduating from glasgow, edgar studied classical archaeology at oriel college, oxford 1891–95. as a gifted student, he was awarded the ... | wikipedia |
752c402b408a48206963bedbcb702aabdbc6049c | edgar was in tongland, kirkcudbrightshire, in south-west scotland. | edgar was in tongland, kirkcudbrightshire, in south-west scotland. his parents were mary sybilla edgar (née cowan, 1845–1928) and rev andrew edgar (1830–1890), a church of scotland minister. they had nine children, among them charles samuel edgar (1874–1945), campbell's younger brother, who later became professor of gr... | wikipedia |
1d34920a190839a8c39334262dd0f98c08a2faed | campbell cowan edgar (26 december 1870–10 may 1938) | campbell cowan edgar (26 december 1870–10 may 1938) was a scottish egyptologist, classical archaeologist and papyrologist. he is especially noted for his work with a. s. hunt on translating the zenon papyri. between 1925 and 1927 he served as the keeper of the egyptian museum at cairo. | wikipedia |
c1103c5142c84428fdf772131ffbb8bbd4aa9612 | ernest juvara was a romanian physician, innovative in | ernest juvara was a romanian physician, innovative in surgical and instrumental techniques. he was a professor at the faculty of medicine of the university of bucharest, with contributions in the field of bone prostheses, intestinal anastomoses and spinal anesthesia. he went to high school in bucharest, after which he ... | wikipedia |
b1b418c38ced1dca71e973331396a0fbb2791a2b | ernest juvara (may 5, 1870, bârlad, vaslui county | ernest juvara (may 5, 1870, bârlad, vaslui county – may 5, 1933, bucharest) was a romanian physician, innovative in surgical and instrumental techniques. he was a professor at the faculty of medicine of the university of bucharest, with contributions in the field of bone prostheses, intestinal anastomoses and spinal an... | wikipedia |
cf40d1136148baab0d87ae38b627bd3b00e7ad95 | currie's brothers bob and sam also became footballers. | currie's brothers bob and sam also became footballers. currie served as a sergeant in mccrae's battalion of the royal scots during the first world war and was killed on the first day of the somme. he was shot in the right shoulder in no-man's land and died instantly during an assault on la boisselle. currie is commemor... | wikipedia |
2db808fa6b71180fb65c5d0bf574ee4162d7ba7b | beath received a fulbright scholar award in 1993; | beath received a fulbright scholar award in 1993; a decision, risk, and management science program (drms) program grant of the national science foundation in 1998; and an advanced practices council (apc) grant from the society for information management (sim) in 2006. | wikipedia |
17ce5498671b45b7900e360d9ba7081cd586745e | beath started her career in private industry, where | beath started her career in private industry, where she held positions in information systems development and in consultancy. she was appointed professor at the department of information, risk and operations management at the mccombs school of business. she is also affiliated with the mit center for information systems... | wikipedia |
e10e6f16b5f9898b42d3e8667fb2d3e7730a0f51 | beath obtained her ba in psychology from duke | beath obtained her ba in psychology from duke university in 1966, and later studied at university of california, los angeles, where she obtained her mba in computer and information systems in 1975, and her phd in computer and information systems in 1986 | wikipedia |
0e7f826e004240a802a6e6c54b9073129153bc6d | publications include nutrition and disease – the interaction | publications include nutrition and disease – the interaction of clinical and experimental work (edinburgh and london: oliver and boyd, 1934). in the work, he writes extensively on vitamin deficiency. he delivered the harveian oration to the royal college of physicians in 1938. | wikipedia |
2a89df4865af81485ef33b7ffa08f6f3587d2c3d | in 1932, mellanby was awarded the cameron prize | in 1932, mellanby was awarded the cameron prize for therapeutics of the university of edinburgh. he delivered the croonian lecture to the royal college of physicians in 1933 and the croonian lecture to the royal society in 1943, both on the subject of diet. | wikipedia |
c658c04f75b494a36349b7d291978507952cf43e | in 1920 he was appointed professor of pharmacology | in 1920 he was appointed professor of pharmacology at the university of sheffield, and consultant physician at the royal infirmary in that city. he then served as the secretary of the medical research council from 1933 to 1949. | wikipedia |
d5bee7a502d9b0b7dc83ca0f47aa2c855c41ce46 | after working as a research student from 1905 | after working as a research student from 1905 to 1907, mellanby studied medicine at st. thomas's hospital in london, and in 1913 became a medical doctor. he served as a lecturer at king's college for women in london from 1913 to 1920, during which time he was asked to investigate the cause of rickets. he discovered tha... | wikipedia |
517bec8b176254f1a3ac2585bbeed09ea79d8c3e | sir edward mellanby gbe kcb frs frcp (8 | sir edward mellanby gbe kcb frs frcp (8 april 1884 – 30 january 1955) was a british biochemist and nutritionist who discovered vitamin d and its role in preventing rickets in 1919. | wikipedia |
42b2a2f5f820d55d1672eb280d53be9a6e91547f | elektron ('electron'), in american sources sometimes called electron, | elektron ('electron'), in american sources sometimes called electron, was the first soviet multiple satellite program, comprising two identical pairs of particle physics satellites launched by the soviet union in 1964. the four spacecraft simultaneously monitored the lower and upper van allen radiation belts and return... | wikipedia |
7a9ee64f0363a27ea26a2ea2ba7437e606cdb870 | elektron 4 decayed from its orbit on 12 | elektron 4 decayed from its orbit on 12 october 1983, and elektron 2 decayed from its orbit on 20 july 1997. elektron 1 and 3 remain in orbit as of 2023. | wikipedia |
09995624adca6697aaf9750625339c9f3d6a0f03 | the elektron satellites returned data that supported more | the elektron satellites returned data that supported more than a dozen technical papers on a variety of subjects including near-earth magnetic fields, particle distribution, and ionospheric studies, and allowed the assessment of risk to both cosmonauts and satellites from radiation in outer space. the elektron satellit... | wikipedia |
e5c071993007a4ba5ecc1bfad8339c3ef5bffb02 | elektron 3 and 4 were launched on july | elektron 3 and 4 were launched on july 11, 1964, at 21:51:02 utc from launch complex 1 at baikonur space center, again on a single vostok 8k72k, with identical missions and similar orbits to that of elektron 1 and 2. elektron 3's orbit had a perigee of 408 kilometres (254 mi), an apogee of 7,030 kilometres (4,370 mi), ... | wikipedia |
eb3826534d91c77e99859faef2b6bae00f3b146d | elektron 2's orbit took the spacecraft beyond the | elektron 2's orbit took the spacecraft beyond the earth's magnetosphere to penetrate the shock wave and turbulent area marking the earth's magnetopause: its initial perigee was 460 kilometres (290 mi), the apogee was 68,000 kilometres (42,000 mi), its orbital inclination was 61°, and its period 1,360 minutes. | wikipedia |
6709e33e50740909109805be6f00190211257c97 | elektrons 1 and 2 were launched on january | elektrons 1 and 2 were launched on january 30, 1964, at 09:45:09 utc from launch complex 1 at baikonur space center (also known as niip-5) on a single vostok 8k72k carrier rocket marking the first soviet multiple satellite launch. the satellites, although launched from earth together, were released at different stages,... | wikipedia |
c00ce99674f0e85423fdb33b20501c1eb6129e57 | the experiment packages for elektron 2 and 4 | the experiment packages for elektron 2 and 4 were also identical, and each included a radio frequency mass spectrometer; geiger counters, scintillation counters, and semiconductor detectors for radiation studies; a spherical ion trap; two three-axis fluxgate magnetometers; a galactic radio-noise receiver; solar x-ray p... | wikipedia |
0e8183465e8676811e731d3cf06a11cb27a9a23f | elektron 2 and 4 had design masses of | elektron 2 and 4 had design masses of 460 kg (1,010 lb), were 4 metres (13 ft) in diameter and 8.5 metres (28 ft) long, also cylindrical, but with a skirt of solar cells with a combined area of 20 m for power generation rather than solar panels. the satellites were to be boosted into highly eccentric 450 kilometres (28... | wikipedia |
a76a24984c546e91bf6d1e72453d0279bd29792f | the experiment packages for elektron 1 and 3 | the experiment packages for elektron 1 and 3 were identical, each including a radio frequency mass spectrometer; geiger counters, scintillation counters, and semiconductor detectors for radiation studies; a piezoelectric micrometeoroid detector; a galactic radio-noise receiver, and a radio beacon for ionospheric studie... | wikipedia |
314e5f56904b601233f65737394f284e7fea9f2a | elektron 1 and 3 had design masses of | elektron 1 and 3 had design masses of 350 kg (770 lb), were 3.25 metres (10.7 ft) in diameter, and were designed to be placed into eccentric 425 kilometres (264 mi) × 6,000 kilometres (3,700 mi) orbits. they were cylindrical with six solar panels with a combined area of 20 m for power generation. | wikipedia |
70b951d051d3e67480d52fc16d6af7b0320083ea | per decrees on 9 may 1960 and 13 | per decrees on 9 may 1960 and 13 may 1961, the satellites would consist of two identical pairs of spacecraft, the satellites of each pair in differing orbits to map the lower and upper van allen belts simultaneously. the satellites would orbit at higher orbital inclinations than those launched by the united states (at ... | wikipedia |
cc09d9b35d1bf53f3d0573d458001b68305960cb | on 23 june 1960, soviet spaceflight engineer sergei | on 23 june 1960, soviet spaceflight engineer sergei korolev 's "big space plan" for the future of soviet space endeavors was approved by the central committee of the communist party and the council of soviet ministers. the plan included provisions for the development of scientific spacecraft to map earth's van allen ra... | wikipedia |
08dacead9e20f14100c2308131beaa22c3b5dc83 | elektron (russian: электрон) (' electron '), in american | elektron (russian: электрон) (' electron '), in american sources sometimes called electron, was the first soviet multiple satellite program, comprising two identical pairs of particle physics satellites launched by the soviet union in 1964. the four spacecraft simultaneously monitored the lower and upper van allen radi... | wikipedia |
3f586fe563fdc3c9b1f024f49d7ebb7b966f9423 | crispr-associated protein 1 (cas1) is one of the | crispr-associated protein 1 (cas1) is one of the two universally conserved proteins found in the crispr prokaryotic immune defense system. cas1 is a metal-dependent dna-specific endonuclease that produces double-stranded dna fragments. cas1 forms a stable complex with the other universally conserved crispr-associated p... | wikipedia |
38dfb33d66a4d7f8ce6b3aa58f2519bfdc338123 | in july 2017, researchers led by jennifer doudna | in july 2017, researchers led by jennifer doudna from the university of california at berkeley, in berkeley, california, using electron microscopy and x-ray crystallography, at the advanced light source at lawrence berkeley national laboratory, the stanford linear accelerator center, and the hhmi electron microscope fa... | wikipedia |
5ec26b8c4961bf2e35d1f050e490fe2547494cdf | crispr-associated protein 1 (cas1) is one of the | crispr-associated protein 1 (cas1) is one of the two universally conserved proteins found in the crispr prokaryotic immune defense system. cas1 is a metal-dependent dna-specific endonuclease that produces double-stranded dna fragments. cas1 forms a stable complex with the other universally conserved crispr-associated p... | wikipedia |
6003ee2c5d294302f2a52db920338ebe8dd7e774 | the scanning of an electron beam across the | the scanning of an electron beam across the surface of the device may result in additional charge buildup on conductors which are disconnected from the remainder of the circuit (floating conductors). if a cmos device is under active bias, the presence of open conductors may not prevent the circuit from operating at low... | wikipedia |
0b1911fe9d0bbb5aa06ddf5c799236a4fbb196c9 | a coincidence rangefinder or coincidence telemeter is a | a coincidence rangefinder or coincidence telemeter is a type of rangefinder that uses the principle of triangulation and an optical device to allow an operator to determine the distance to a visible object. there are subtypes split-image telemeter, inverted image, or double-image telemeter with different principles how... | wikipedia |
374872a754146387950179351a50b0cd8713d008 | in november and december 1941, the united states | in november and december 1941, the united states national defense research committee conducted extensive tests between the american bausch and lomb m1 stereoscopic rangefinder and the british barr and stroud fq 25 and ub 7 coincidence rangefinders, and concluded "that the tests indicate no important difference in the p... | wikipedia |
a70f028fe82d6c66d3a660079aecae6355b1587d | the coincidence rangefinder uses a single eyepiece. light | the coincidence rangefinder uses a single eyepiece. light from the target enters the rangefinder through two windows located at either end of the instrument. at either side the incident beam is reflected to the center of the optical bar by a pentaprism. the optical bar is ideally made from a material with a low coeffic... | wikipedia |
85bc062bf899a80358ff3cba8af99e6aafcb618b | optical rangefinders using this principle, while applicable to | optical rangefinders using this principle, while applicable to several purposes, were widely used for military purposes—determining the range of a target—and for photographic use, determining the distance of a subject to photograph to allow focusing on it. photographic rangefinders were initially accessories, from whic... | wikipedia |
e6fe210e4844576fd76b2c82dc66d88996aa7b98 | the device consists of a long tube with | the device consists of a long tube with a forward-facing lens at each end and an operator eyepiece in the center. two prism wedges which, when aligned result in no deviation of the light, are inserted into the light path of one of the two lenses. by rotating the prisms in opposite directions using a differential gear, ... | wikipedia |
5f89efd3b5b77e1cfc2d10d4612fde9f75027162 | coincidence rangefinders work through the principle of triangulation. | coincidence rangefinders work through the principle of triangulation. in the pictured example, triangulation can be used to determine the range of the ship 𝑑. the position of the lenses a and b are known, and the angle of the lenses α and/or β is set by the operator so that both are aimed at the target. because the di... | wikipedia |
076a317c49f407fb22e250b785c6e2a011479858 | a coincidence rangefinder or coincidence telemeter is a | a coincidence rangefinder or coincidence telemeter is a type of rangefinder that uses the principle of triangulation and an optical device to allow an operator to determine the distance to a visible object. there are subtypes split-image telemeter, inverted image, or double-image telemeter with different principles how... | wikipedia |
8327bdbab6a767e7320b2de1878fbf3fc9f39c5b | dan graur \ˈɡra.ur\ is a romanian-american scientist working | dan graur \ˈɡra.ur\ is a romanian-american scientist working in the field of molecular evolution. he is a moores professor at the university of houston and professor emeritus of zoology at tel aviv university, israel. he is coauthor along with wen-hsiung li of fundamentals of molecular evolution. his molecular and geno... | wikipedia |
681cc2572d363ce4b3eb0b08f3e3c662e1c27c1a | from 1986 to 2003 he worked in the | from 1986 to 2003 he worked in the department of zoology at tel aviv university. he retired in 2006 as norman and rose lederer professor emeritus of zoology. in 2003, he moved to the university of houston. from 2009 to 2011 he has held the position of councillor for the society for molecular biology and evolution. grau... | wikipedia |
46ffd5fbaa8c18a7f72def72838be29cf19f5918 | dan graur earned a b.sc. in biology and | dan graur earned a b.sc. in biology and an m.sc. in zoology from tel aviv university. in 1985 graur received his ph.d. at the university of texas health science center at houston for research supervised by masatoshi nei. he conducted postdoctoral research at the university of tübingen, germany. | wikipedia |
791d6af4be1c1fa25e6ab763f9b395190c9f4e00 | dan graur \ˈɡra.ur\ (born july 24, 1953, in | dan graur \ˈɡra.ur\ (born july 24, 1953, in piatra neamț) is a romanian-american scientist working in the field of molecular evolution. he is a moores professor at the university of houston and professor emeritus of zoology at tel aviv university, israel. he is coauthor along with wen-hsiung li of fundamentals of molec... | wikipedia |
fd81026e91414cbc5b037dd0fd480dbcf4cc2ab6 | colin robert mcinnes is a scottish engineer known | colin robert mcinnes is a scottish engineer known for his work in solar sails. he is currently one of the leading figures in the field, being the author of over 50 solar sail papers since 2001. he also wrote a book on the subject, solar sailing: technology, dynamics and mission applications, which is commonly reference... | wikipedia |
529e3a8e23438b0c000c99ab0b1e274a2fb8855b | his research interests centre on trajectory and mission | his research interests centre on trajectory and mission analysis for solar sails (about which he has written an authoritative textbook), autonomous spacecraft control and space robotics. he is a fellow of the royal society of edinburgh and was elected a fellow of the royal academy of engineering in july 2003. | wikipedia |
9dbdcd1c4361efcc848b056a47fcffdcb3e41dea | mcinnes obtained a bsc (hons) in physics and | mcinnes obtained a bsc (hons) in physics and astronomy and phd in astrodynamics from the university of glasgow in 1988 and 1991 respectively, during which he independently invented (in parallel with robert forward) the concept variously known as the solar sail halo orbit, the statite, the artificial lagrange point and ... | wikipedia |
da10b5e5ca297b17fd7c743f70ce777a483333f1 | colin robert mcinnes mbe frse finstp freng is | colin robert mcinnes mbe frse finstp freng is a scottish engineer known for his work in solar sails. he is currently one of the leading figures in the field, being the author (or co-author) of over 50 solar sail papers since 2001. he also wrote a book on the subject, solar sailing: technology, dynamics and mission appl... | wikipedia |
7a22b37fbb63c3dd52d92415cdc09c6717222b40 | some publications claim that every chinese immigration influx | some publications claim that every chinese immigration influx isn't with mal intent. the cadre transfer policy wasn't an assimilation attempt because the number of chinese immigrants was minimal compared to other periods; instead it was an attempt to promote economic development of the newly annexed region. professiona... | wikipedia |
90191b529a8260ffbf64d05b6c4cb385cc3a80b9 | military occupancy increases chinese population of tibet, however | military occupancy increases chinese population of tibet, however they also reduce the tibetan population in the region, thus increasing the proportion of chinese to native tibetans. sources say that from 1952 to 1958, during the early stages of chinese annexation of tibet, the pla killed over 10,000 tibetans in kanlho... | wikipedia |
2625163c1276f28c4b7c848f918046779eb531fe | although reports are highly censored and misrepresented, some | although reports are highly censored and misrepresented, some statistics have been obtained. the office of tibet claims that misrepresentation currently is affected by a lack of residence permits held by migrants. the office of tibet also claims that militant occupation consists of "at least a quarter million", focused... | wikipedia |
0459db5c0eb807643d101762379d188492132026 | in 1999 lobsang sangay, a leader of the | in 1999 lobsang sangay, a leader of the tibetan youth congress, alleged in the harvard asia quarterly that 60-70% of the population in lhasa now is chinese and, outside of the traditional tibetan " barkhor " market, tibetans own only 400-450 of the 3,500 to 4,000 shops. han chinese also occupy most government-related e... | wikipedia |
920928e62a6e4feb162ea37a6704e2dfd41b1050 | the free tibet campaign in april 1996 made | the free tibet campaign in april 1996 made the unproven claim that 500,000 chinese were to be moved into eastern tibet to work in copper mines, a project that was to involve the building of several new mining towns. | wikipedia |
18c448eda482487eb007e8edafbcd2f9a2de943c | another claim of the motive of the chinese | another claim of the motive of the chinese government is that the religious and social systems of tibet are not aligned with those of the chinese government, and, again, to create a more homogenous region, creating migration to promote assimilation of tibetans. the consequences of this religious homogenization, however... | wikipedia |
aad16d03fc8957e9bad598d2c7116eb143c43b09 | chinese migrants are incentivized with major personal economic | chinese migrants are incentivized with major personal economic benefits. publications report salary increases averaging at 71.8% of the migrant's previous salary. monthly allowances are also provided, the amount fluctuating according to the migrant's residence "hardship level". children of the cadre transfer policy mig... | wikipedia |
37c3eb20817d2a96f522149c55ce984bbe55c678 | one tibetan administration formally declared its independence in | one tibetan administration formally declared its independence in 1912 and was de facto independent until the people's republic of china reasserted chinese claims over the area in 1949.the office of tibet in washington, d.c., made a statement that an alarming influx of chinese migrants into tibetan major cities is the c... | wikipedia |
20c876abc52ff74b50bec3a35cc2a8dbbce79da4 | chen joined chinese super league side chongqing lifan | chen joined chinese super league side chongqing lifan in the 2015 season. on 25 april 2018, he made his debut for the club in a 2–0 away win over anhui hefei guiguan in the 2018 chinese fa cup. on 2 may 2018, chen played in another fa cup match against dalian yifang with a 1–0 home defeat. | wikipedia |
1f5ed14dc3a7457290a7583421401733f6453971 | chen anqi started his professional football career in | chen anqi started his professional football career in 2012 when he was promoted to china league one side shenyang dongjin 's first team squad. he made nine league appearances in the 2013 season after shenyang dongjin were relegated to the china league two. | wikipedia |
1c18ad63c56dbba5ceb97d519dcbb5b59188b5ef | chen anqi (chinese: 陈安琪; pinyin: chén Ānqí; born | chen anqi (chinese: 陈安琪; pinyin: chén Ānqí; born 4 june 1993) is a chinese footballer who currently plays for china league one side kunshan fc. | wikipedia |
e7fb94f89003654f9089f1a7f1583ae49625c8e4 | in automotive engineering the electronic differential is a | in automotive engineering the electronic differential is a form of differential, which provides the required torque for each driving wheel and allows different wheel speeds. it is used in place of the mechanical differential in multi-drive systems. when cornering, the inner and outer wheels rotate at different speeds, ... | wikipedia |
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