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c3c00bca634ce630f353e3347087382359c09cd6 | the pathway for adenosine-phosphate deaminase involves two substrates, | the pathway for adenosine-phosphate deaminase involves two substrates, 5'-adenosine monophosphate and water. this pathway is referred to as amidine hydrolysis. adenosine-phosphate deaminase binds to 5'-amp using water to break the c-n bond and replacing it with a carbonyl group. ultimately, this produces 5'-imp (inosine monophosphate) and nh (ammonia). substrate specificities of this class depend on their origin, however, all of them deaminate adenosine, 2'-deoxyadenosine, 5'-amp, and 3',5'-cyclic amp. inhibitors of adenosine-phosphate deaminase include mn (neutral or alkaline ph), f, fe, cn, co, zn, and hg. | wikipedia |
abe7eb851799e1d0072b6d5619eded536d159b4d | the ec number for adenosine-phosphate deaminase is. the | the ec number for adenosine-phosphate deaminase is. the class is (ec 3) for hydrolase. hydrolases are enzymes that catalyze bond cleavage by reaction with water. the sub-class refers to adenosine-phosphate deaminase acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds, other than peptide bonds. the sub-sub-class refers to the type of substrate the enzyme is binding to, in this case, cyclic amidines. the final number (17) indicates that adenosine-phosphate deaminase binds to 5'-adenosine monophosphate. | wikipedia |
f3f66321f336e4db1c19d19f35d120311f3f40b8 | this enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, | this enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in cyclic amidines. the systematic name of this enzyme class is adenosine-phosphate aminohydrolase. other names in common use include adenylate deaminase, adenine nucleotide deaminase, and adenosine (phosphate) deaminase. | wikipedia |
bf04156492a79582591832d2606f714ccb7b46fe | on 1 june 1928 when aged 31, he | on 1 june 1928 when aged 31, he was interviewed by the board of directors from which he was announced as starting immediately as the first secretary manager of the dumfries club, queen of the south. he filled three roles at the club as he also signed himself as a player. in his first season, he was sent off when playing away in a 2-0 defeat at albion rovers on 24 november. he was at palmerston park until 1931. | wikipedia |
6082bf9fe9f092ed054d46d9dd34f72fbf745965 | wright joined heart of midlothian for an estimated | wright joined heart of midlothian for an estimated fee of £2500 in 1922 – a record fee for an aberdeen player at the time – and remained a prominent figure in scottish football. for three successive seasons, he played in the annual east v west trial for the scotland national team. wright spent five seasons with hearts. | wikipedia |
27d206d2c64da3a1b79f0b8f822742ef9e074f39 | wright began playing with aberdeen when he was | wright began playing with aberdeen when he was only 16. he remained at the dons until 1922, captaining the side in his latter years at the club. he was regarded as one of the best half backs in scotland and gained representative honours when he played for the scottish league against the english league. he made 143 appearances and scored 11 goals for the club. during the first world war he served with the gordon highlanders and royal engineers. when serving in london he also appeared at millwall. | wikipedia |
e97f26219d27aa7479e2bb64e18eb2bea5b6e3e7 | the 2022–23 season was the 72nd season in | the 2022–23 season was the 72nd season in the history of ferencvárosi tc and their 6th consecutive season in the top flight. the club will participate in nemzeti bajnokság i, magyar kupa and the ehf european league. | wikipedia |
e97f26219d27aa7479e2bb64e18eb2bea5b6e3e7 | the 2022–23 season was the 72nd season in | the 2022–23 season was the 72nd season in the history of ferencvárosi tc and their 6th consecutive season in the top flight. the club will participate in nemzeti bajnokság i, magyar kupa and the ehf european league. | wikipedia |
657c2a8641e756912a4e6b3e91974b7d6592b528 | antonio lanzavecchia is an italian and swiss immunologist. | antonio lanzavecchia is an italian and swiss immunologist. as a fellow of collegio borromeo he obtained a degree with honors in medicine in 1976 from the university of pavia where he specialized in pediatrics and infectious diseases. he is head human immunology program, istituto nazionale di genetica molecolare-ingm, milan and svp senior research fellow, humabs/vir biotechnology, bellinzona and san francisco (usa). since 2017, he is also professor at the faculty of biomedical sciences of the università della svizzera italiana (usi). | wikipedia |
4767ff41f0abe9aaa6b05505a0c5da880c6682be | in 2021, lanzavecchia and colleagues developed a vaccine | in 2021, lanzavecchia and colleagues developed a vaccine that protects animals from salmonella. recent highly cited work on covid-19 analyzes the sensitivity of the virus to mrna vaccine-elicited antibodies and the receptor-binding domain of the sars-cov-2 omicron variant. | wikipedia |
9c47108c1f37e9c692ba14d01e61893482ef9641 | the laboratory also pioneered the use of human | the laboratory also pioneered the use of human monoclonal antibodies as tools for vaccine design, a process dubbed as “analytic vaccinology” (,). basic studies addressed the role of somatic mutations in the development of broadly neutralizing antibodies () and the relationship between infection and autoimmunity (). the study of the antibody response to the malaria parasite led to the discovery of a new mechanism of antibody diversification through the insertion into antibody genes of dna encoding pathogen receptors such as lair1 (). | wikipedia |
f4a48abc5be4b3f2afd5daf4b38b515182391a17 | starting in 2003, the laboratory developed efficient methods | starting in 2003, the laboratory developed efficient methods to isolate human monoclonal antibodies as new tools for prophylaxis and therapy of infectious diseases (). among these is fi6 that neutralizes all influenza a viruses (), mpe8 that neutralizes four different paramyxoviruses () and mab114 (ansuvimab) that has been approved for treatment of ebola infected patients (). | wikipedia |
5e1f213abd126299b634848fbd8714ec6c0f92ad | in the late nineties the lanzavecchia laboratory determined | in the late nineties the lanzavecchia laboratory determined the mechanism, stoichiometry and kinetics of t cell receptor stimulation and signaling (,) and discovered a fundamental division of memory t cells into two major subsets of central memory and effector memory and central t cells that play distinct roles in immediate protection and secondary immune responses (). | wikipedia |
47068faa83be6543ece1dcc4dd37d72a9c700f35 | in 1994 sallusto and lanzavecchia discovered that human | in 1994 sallusto and lanzavecchia discovered that human monocytes could be induced to differentiate in vitro into immature dendritic cells that resemble those that function as sentinels in peripheral tissues (), contributing to the rapid advancement of the field in the late nineties. taking advantage of such immature dendritic cells, they characterized in detail the maturation process and identified the microbial and endogenous stimuli that trigger dendritic cell maturation (,). | wikipedia |
c40af91df2606dc369e737a95001538fa96586d4 | starting in the early eighties, lanzavecchia has contributed | starting in the early eighties, lanzavecchia has contributed to the advancement of human immunology in three distinct fields: i) antigen presentation and dendritic cell biology; ii) lymphocyte activation and immunological memory and iii) human monoclonal antibodies. in 1985, using antigen-specific t and b cell clones, lanzavecchia demonstrated that b cells efficiently capture, process and present antigen to t helper cells (). this study uncovered a critical step in the process of t-b cell cooperation that is essential for high affinity antibody production and is the basis for the development of glycoconjugate vaccines. | wikipedia |
514d732c9074421707f2f12546889fc2fb458f00 | since 1980 lanzavecchia's laboratory developed robust methods to | since 1980 lanzavecchia's laboratory developed robust methods to study human t and b cells in vitro, first at the university of genoa, then at the basel institute for immunology and, from 1999 to 2020 at the institute for research in biomedicine in bellinzona, of which he was the founding director. he has been teaching immunology at the university of genoa and the university of siena and from 2009 to 2017 has been professor of human immunology at the swiss federal institute of technology zurich. following google scholar, lanzavecchia has an h-index of 162 (as of 2023). | wikipedia |
f0d17293de98c73e3b728b50546b45c6936a265e | antonio lanzavecchia (born in varese october 9, 1951) | antonio lanzavecchia (born in varese october 9, 1951) is an italian and swiss immunologist. as a fellow of collegio borromeo he obtained a degree with honors in medicine in 1976 from the university of pavia where he specialized in pediatrics and infectious diseases. he is head human immunology program, istituto nazionale di genetica molecolare-ingm, milan and svp senior research fellow, humabs/vir biotechnology, bellinzona and san francisco (usa). since 2017, he is also professor at the faculty of biomedical sciences of the università della svizzera italiana (usi). | wikipedia |
b2e275ea467867aebc3fd4f62a949b0e5553dc79 | gbadebo was ordained as assistant pastor of the | gbadebo was ordained as assistant pastor of the redeemed christian church of god in 2006 and ordained as a full pastor in 2009 during the convention theme "hope of glory". he is the country co-ordinator of the church in thailand. | wikipedia |
e861966819f821ce3775fcbcda0f14ecfc195f45 | gbadebo is an "a" license coach (by afc) | gbadebo is an "a" license coach (by afc) is currently coaching suphanburi f.c. in thai league 1. he was head coach for bangkok christian international school senior and under 15 soccer teams from 2007 to 2009 at tisac championship, assistant coach for thai port fc in the thailand f.a. cup champion in 2010, technical director and head coach of suphanburi f.c. youth team in 2013, when it was runner up at the thailand national youth championship in 2013. during the 2014 thai premier league season, mgbadebo oversaw the club as head coach for five premier league matches (won 4, drew 1) and thai fa cup 2nd round match away at nakhon pathom (qualified for quarter final). | wikipedia |
203be327599898bc7214f6e1ac4976a38f2bcbdd | in 1993, gbadebo joined stationery stores f.c. during | in 1993, gbadebo joined stationery stores f.c. during 1990–1993, gbadebo was called to play for nigeria under-20 and under-23 national teams, from 1994 to 1998 he played for al-bourj fc and in 1998 moved to bec tero sasana the following year, he went on loan to mohun bagan ac, then back again to thailand to lead bec tero sasana to win the thai premier league in 2000–01 and bec tero sasana to the asia champions league quarter-final. in 2004, he moved to the indonesian club psps pekanbaru. | wikipedia |
e09c6c93032cdda472edb04b4f80804d481036fb | gbadebo attended ansar ud seen primary school odunfa | gbadebo attended ansar ud seen primary school odunfa at ebute metta in lagos state and ansar ud been grammar school at randle avenue surulere, lagos state, for his secondary school certificate. he also attended anwar ul islam college agege, lagos state, for his advanced level school certificate. he attended the university of ibadan, oyo state, where he earned his b.sc degree in sociology in 1990. while there, gbadebo was elected student union sports secretary in 1989. | wikipedia |
77d5515ca3d1e04f9ee4dc835d25984e8419ee84 | in enzymology, an agmatinase is an enzyme that | in enzymology, an agmatinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are agmatine and h2o, whereas its two products are putrescine and urea. this enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amidines. the systematic name of this enzyme class is agmatine amidinohydrolase. other names in common use include agmatine ureohydrolase, and speb. this enzyme participates in urea cycle and metabolism of amino groups. | wikipedia |
a4ea9064666cbb51f1dd729ea72e916b84e775e1 | as of late 2007, 5 structures have been | as of late 2007, 5 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with pdb accession codes 1gq6, 1gq7, 1wog, 1woh, and 1woi. | wikipedia |
d5b7082253b86dc4bee253e14e22d6f764e1a60d | this enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, | this enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amidines. the systematic name of this enzyme class is agmatine amidinohydrolase. other names in common use include agmatine ureohydrolase, and speb. this enzyme participates in urea cycle and metabolism of amino groups. | wikipedia |
6a117bd76bf1d3add10904804b76a22c5fb0ad23 | 3671 dionysus is a small binary amor asteroid, | 3671 dionysus is a small binary amor asteroid, orbiting between earth and the asteroid belt. it was discovered by carolyn and gene shoemaker at palomar observatory on 27 may 1984. it is named after dionysus, the greek god of wine. its provisional designation was 1984 kd. it is an outer earth grazer because its perihelion is just within earth's orbit. | wikipedia |
9c9d2ca28ce840e03ff640252cb51eedf1c7a5bd | in 1997, a team of astronomers at the | in 1997, a team of astronomers at the european southern observatory announced that lightcurve observations indicate the presence of a small moon orbiting dionysus. its provisional designation is s/1997 (3671) 1. this moon measures 300 meters in diameter, and orbits 3.6 km from dionysus with an eccentricity of 0.07 and an orbital period of 27.72 hours. from the surface of dionysus, s/1997 (3671) 1 would have an apparent diameter of roughly 3.02 degrees. for comparison, the sun appears to be 0.5° from earth. | wikipedia |
7dc8cbfbf391ae0d033722ee10d9f0cbd76677ff | dionysus makes modestly close approaches to earth. on | dionysus makes modestly close approaches to earth. on 19 june 1984 dionysus passed 0.0305 au (4,560,000 km; 2,840,000 mi) from earth. on 18 june 2085 it will pass 0.028 au (4,200,000 km; 2,600,000 mi) from earth. | wikipedia |
53e62f74ec0e99c748e362df6e6c69b4a9d4bbed | 3671 dionysus is a potentially hazardous asteroid (pha) | 3671 dionysus is a potentially hazardous asteroid (pha) because its minimum orbit intersection distance (moid) is less than 0.05 au and its diameter is greater than 150 meters. the earth-moid is 0.01989 au (2,976,000 km; 1,849,000 mi). its orbit is well-determined for the next several hundred years. | wikipedia |
6a117bd76bf1d3add10904804b76a22c5fb0ad23 | 3671 dionysus is a small binary amor asteroid, | 3671 dionysus is a small binary amor asteroid, orbiting between earth and the asteroid belt. it was discovered by carolyn and gene shoemaker at palomar observatory on 27 may 1984. it is named after dionysus, the greek god of wine. its provisional designation was 1984 kd. it is an outer earth grazer because its perihelion is just within earth's orbit. | wikipedia |
519ee9e5582bb964307ae683b56b2e8187e14177 | "ai no tane" is the unofficial debut single | "ai no tane" is the unofficial debut single of japanese pop idol group morning musume, released under a defunct up-front group-affiliated independent label on november 3, 1997. it is sometimes called the "zeroth single"—"morning coffee" (モーニングコーヒー) being the "first single" and so on. it was later included in many other morning musume releases: in their first official single "morning coffee"; their first album, first time (ファーストタイム); and their first "best of" compilation, best! morning musume 1. an instrumental for this song was included in the bonus karaoke disc in the early single box. | wikipedia |
58d9415c19f03406151e8402103750aa823edcbe | the single was released and first distributed on | the single was released and first distributed on november 3 at shinsaibashi, osaka, selling 16,610 copies, and then on november 9 at fukuoka with 9,004 copies. distribution continued on november 23 at sapporo with 14,853 copies. during this event, kaori iida was hospitalized because her contact lens broke and caused temporary blindness. she was able to come back before the fourth day of "ai no tane" distribution at nagoya embarked; they sold 9,533 copies. after four days of distribution, the five girls accomplished their task and were officially under tsunku's care. | wikipedia |
6e0ab1482f5b780a0c2d7c3fb4b057e880747ecc | recordings began on mid-september as well as the | recordings began on mid-september as well as the photoshoot for the cd cover. during the production, the group faced a big issue regarding with yuko nakazawa. at the beginning, nakazawa wore long hair that was originally featured in their single's cover. she later cut it short before debuting publicly. this act caused for a re-shoot of the cover and her solo lines in the song's bridge. | wikipedia |
42ed49b82be8aef629eedaf51977d189f4d4c1cb | in 1997, sharan q organized a talent search | in 1997, sharan q organized a talent search competition named "josei rokku vōkarisuto Ōdishon" (女性ロックヴォーカリストオーディション) under the show asayan. after the competition, producer and sharan q vocalist tsunku offered yuko nakazawa, aya ishiguro, kaori iida, natsumi abe, and asuka fukuda — five of the ten losers of the competition — the chance to be taken under his wing on one condition: to sell 50,000 copies of their debut single, which turned out to be "ai no tane." the girls agreed to the challenge and were named morning musume; thus, the recording of the song began. | wikipedia |
f4579675a3a05dcc880393b08ced53a765e773ba | it was later included in many other morning | it was later included in many other morning musume releases: in their first official single "morning coffee"; their first album, first time (ファーストタイム); and their first "best of" compilation, best! morning musume 1. an instrumental for this song was included in the bonus karaoke disc in the early single box. | wikipedia |
4a0af365723747417caeabf9c3d185502265e2c8 | " ai no tane " (愛の種, the seeds | " ai no tane " (愛の種, the seeds of love) is the unofficial debut single of japanese pop idol group morning musume, released under a defunct up-front group -affiliated independent label on november 3, 1997. it is sometimes called the "zeroth single" — " morning coffee " (モーニングコーヒー) being the "first single" and so on. | wikipedia |
9904de2217e172887d1aca032383fe5408d05187 | andrás cser is a hungarian linguist and professor | andrás cser is a hungarian linguist and professor of theoretical linguistics at pázmány péter catholic university. he is the editor-in-chief of acta linguistica academica.cser is known for his works on phonology. | wikipedia |
913301062695b3a40d40b7cf9238f69af1dfe25a | the anderson impurity model, named after philip warren | the anderson impurity model, named after philip warren anderson, is a hamiltonian that is used to describe magnetic impurities embedded in metals. it is often applied to the description of kondo effect-type problems, such as heavy fermion systems and kondo insulators. in its simplest form, the model contains a term describing the kinetic energy of the conduction electrons, a two-level term with an on-site coulomb repulsion that models the impurity energy levels, and a hybridization term that couples conduction and impurity orbitals. for a single impurity, the hamiltonian takes the form where the c operator is the annihilation operator of a conduction electron, and d is the annihilation operator for the impurity, k is the conduction electron wavevector, and σ labels the spin. the on–site coulomb repulsion is u , and v gives the hybridization. | wikipedia |
78d6ea713eae4b9db359fc00a0db31d04b4e6ae0 | there are other variants of the anderson model, | there are other variants of the anderson model, such as the su(4) anderson model, which is used to describe impurities which have an orbital, as well as a spin, degree of freedom. this is relevant in carbon nanotube quantum dot systems. the su(4) anderson model hamiltonian is | wikipedia |
712ed2d69584ddbbe5b894a00981af8255b6a71e | where x j {\displaystyle x_{j}} is the position | where x j {\displaystyle x_{j}} is the position of impurity site j {\displaystyle j}, and f {\displaystyle f} is the impurity creation operator (used instead of d {\displaystyle d} by convention for heavy-fermion systems). the hybridization term allows f - orbital electrons in heavy fermion systems to interact, although they are separated by a distance greater than the hill limit. | wikipedia |
bca5f0464ca6638111f920e25c1ff6c8d11bccf1 | where the c {\displaystyle c} operator is the | where the c {\displaystyle c} operator is the annihilation operator of a conduction electron, and d {\displaystyle d} is the annihilation operator for the impurity, k {\displaystyle k} is the conduction electron wavevector, and σ {\displaystyle \sigma } labels the spin. the on–site coulomb repulsion is u {\displaystyle u}, and v {\displaystyle v} gives the hybridization. | wikipedia |
5451f764359cabb236de56c0f13db47185a10fdd | the anderson impurity model, named after philip warren | the anderson impurity model, named after philip warren anderson, is a hamiltonian that is used to describe magnetic impurities embedded in metals. it is often applied to the description of kondo effect -type problems, such as heavy fermion systems and kondo insulators. in its simplest form, the model contains a term describing the kinetic energy of the conduction electrons, a two-level term with an on-site coulomb repulsion that models the impurity energy levels, and a hybridization term that couples conduction and impurity orbitals. for a single impurity, the hamiltonian takes the form | wikipedia |
f30ed31707abe26a40e3bd0a31d3369ac88bd177 | andreas matouschek is a biochemist at the university | andreas matouschek is a biochemist at the university of texas at austin, where he is a professor in the college of natural sciences. his graduate work with alan fersht resulted in the seminal application of phi-value analysis to the study of barnase, a bacterial rnase used in many protein folding studies. development of phi value analysis in combination with extensive protein engineering enabled an understanding of the kinetic intermediates during protein folding of barnase. in subsequent postdoctoral work at the university of basel, he studied how mitochondria refold proteins after importing them. in 1996, he moved to northwestern university. in 2012, he moved to the university of texas at austin. matouschek currently studies the proteasome, the degradation machinery of eukaryotic cells, and the mechanisms by which the proteasome is able to unfold and translocate proteins. | wikipedia |
3473d9fe74effa01d8a13d499c2f96dcc397c1bb | at cambridge, matouschek was a graduate student under | at cambridge, matouschek was a graduate student under sir alan fersht from 1988 to 1992. in 1989, he pioneered the use of phi value analysis in combination with protein engineering in order to study the transition state of the bacterial protein barnase. by engineering mutations in carefully chosen portions of barnase and computing the ratio between the energetic destabilization introduced by a mutation in the transition state of barnase versus that of the same mutation to barnase's native state, he was able to gain insight about the transition state of barnase and its folding pathway. after receiving his phd in 1992, matouschek continued his work with fersht, serving as a research fellow at the centre for protein engineering for an additional year. | wikipedia |
ea2859a2e6096e5c3f37b10beb16fbfb22479453 | andreas matouschek is a biochemist at the university | andreas matouschek is a biochemist at the university of texas at austin, where he is a professor in the college of natural sciences. his graduate work with alan fersht resulted in the seminal application of phi-value analysis to the study of barnase, a bacterial rnase used in many protein folding studies. development of phi value analysis in combination with extensive protein engineering enabled an understanding of the kinetic intermediates during protein folding of barnase. in subsequent postdoctoral work at the university of basel, he studied how mitochondria refold proteins after importing them. in 1996, he moved to northwestern university. in 2012, he moved to the university of texas at austin. | wikipedia |
fc401aed1d99135a323a56ae2595ccc04629cd4e | alexios polychronakos is a theoretical physicist. he studied | alexios polychronakos is a theoretical physicist. he studied electrical engineering at the national technical university of athens and did graduate work in theoretical physics at the california institute of technology under the supervision of john preskill. polychronakos is a professor of physics at the city college of new york. he is considered an authority on quantum field theory, quantum statistics, anyons, | wikipedia |
f2157d5b8aea631a81b0ceb9f9df162d946fad9c | integrable systems, and quantum fluids, having authored over | integrable systems, and quantum fluids, having authored over 110 refereed papers. he is a fellow of the american physical society (2012), cited for "for important contributions to the field of statistical mechanics and integrable systems, including the polychronakos model and the exchange operator formalism, fractional statistics, matrix model description of quantum hall systems as well as other areas such as noncommutative geometry". | wikipedia |
3de355d14a34e29e8637943f9f69861f8d02d710 | he is a fellow of the american physical | he is a fellow of the american physical society (2012), cited for "for important contributions to the field of statistical mechanics and integrable systems, including the polychronakos model and the exchange operator formalism, fractional statistics, matrix model description of quantum hall systems as well as other areas such as noncommutative geometry". | wikipedia |
f967b20e88ee148944159ebb3b42042c969b068b | polychronakos is a professor of physics at the | polychronakos is a professor of physics at the city college of new york. he is considered an authority on quantum field theory, quantum statistics, anyons, integrable systems, and quantum fluids, having authored over 110 refereed papers. | wikipedia |
232299c1e2056df7372b87885468828ba6bde9eb | alexios polychronakos (born 1959, in greece) is a | alexios polychronakos (born 1959, in greece) is a theoretical physicist. he studied electrical engineering at the national technical university of athens (diploma in 1982) and did graduate work in theoretical physics at the california institute of technology (ph.d. 1987) under the supervision of john preskill. | wikipedia |
652503d40c7afaf81e5ba109c67867a57a0e73d9 | gabain was born in morhange on 7 april | gabain was born in morhange on 7 april 1901. her father, arthur von gabain, was a general and from protestant family, hugenotte. however, her mother raised her as a catholic. gabain received primary and secondary education in mainz and brandenburg. she went to berlin for university education. she took courses on mathematics, sciences, sinology and turcology. she completed a dissertation in sinology. von gabain then studied turcology with johann wilhelm bang kaup who was the founder of the berlin school of turkic studies. later, she began to work on the old turkic materials kept at the academy of sciences in berlin. | wikipedia |
e2d7afeb2014aed7328eac1edadfa8b6358f3ee7 | in mathematical economics, applied general equilibrium (age) models | in mathematical economics, applied general equilibrium (age) models were pioneered by herbert scarf at yale university in 1967, in two papers, and a follow-up book with terje hansen in 1973, with the aim of empirically estimating the arrow–debreu model of general equilibrium theory with empirical data, to provide "“a general method for the explicit numerical solution of the neoclassical model” | wikipedia |
428ff5b97d292746b9be384523952f9de7965fb5 | (scarf with hansen 1973: 1) scarf's method iterated | (scarf with hansen 1973: 1) scarf's method iterated a sequence of simplicial subdivisions which would generate a decreasing sequence of simplices around any solution of the general equilibrium problem. with sufficiently many steps, the sequence would produce a price vector that clears the market. scarf never built an age model, but hinted that “these novel numerical techniques might be useful in assessing consequences for the economy of a change in the economic environment”. his students elaborated the scarf algorithm into a tool box, where the price vector could be solved for any changes in policies, giving the equilibrium ‘adjustments’ needed for the prices. this method was first used by shoven and whalley, and then was developed through the 1970s by scarf’s students and others. most contemporary applied general equilibrium models are numerical | wikipedia |
d419474e1d91bd163eb8c2dd59140af1147ac05a | effects within the same framework. scarf's fixed-point method | effects within the same framework. scarf's fixed-point method was a break-through in the mathematics of computation generally, and specifically in optimization and computational economics. later researchers continued to develop iterative methods for computing fixed-points, both for topological models like scarf's and for models described by functions with continuous second derivatives or convexity or both. of course, "global newton methods" for essentially convex and smooth functions and path-following methods for diffeomorphisms converged faster than did robust algorithms for continuous functions, when the smooth methods are applicable. | wikipedia |
48f4d095339c0fb11f77d4445364896f25cc5765 | cge models are based on macro balancing equations, | cge models are based on macro balancing equations, and use an equal number of equations (based on the standard macro balancing equations) and unknowns solvable as simultaneous equations, where exogenous variables are changed outside the model, to give the endogenous results. | wikipedia |
9f0945f0091f5f85f9d8225922d38203e727c3ab | age models, being based on arrow–debreu general equilibrium | age models, being based on arrow–debreu general equilibrium theory, work in a different manner than cge models. the model first establishes the existence of equilibrium through the standard arrow–debreu exposition, then inputs data into all the various sectors, and then applies scarf’s algorithm (scarf 1967a, 1967b and scarf with hansen 1973) to solve for a price vector that would clear all markets. this algorithm would narrow down the possible relative prices through a simplex method, which kept reducing the size of the ‘net’ within which possible solutions were found. age modelers then consciously choose a cutoff, and set an approximate solution as the net never closed on a unique point through the iteration process. | wikipedia |
a36bea1393b5b76ee6bc009edf0b7238d1c91b83 | scarf's fixed-point method was a break-through in the | scarf's fixed-point method was a break-through in the mathematics of computation generally, and specifically in optimization and computational economics. later researchers continued to develop iterative methods for computing fixed-points, both for topological models like scarf's and for models described by functions with continuous second derivatives or convexity or both. of course, " global newton methods " for essentially convex and smooth functions and path-following methods for diffeomorphisms converged faster than did robust algorithms for continuous functions, when the smooth methods are applicable. | wikipedia |
4c005c04fbb34f62768b02f0df03e52ec424f282 | most contemporary applied general equilibrium models are numericalanalogs | most contemporary applied general equilibrium models are numericalanalogs of traditional two-sector general equilibrium models popularizedby james meade, harry johnson, arnold harberger, and others in the1950s and 1960s. earlier analytic work with these models has examinedthe distortionary effects of taxes, tariffs, and other policies, along withfunctional incidence questions. more recent applied models, includingthose discussed here, provide numerical estimates of efficiency and distributionaleffects within the same framework. | wikipedia |
f1bdff560ea484dbc888da333ed50be8cc91c118 | scarf never built an age model, but hinted | scarf never built an age model, but hinted that “these novel numerical techniques might be useful in assessing consequences for the economy of a change in the economic environment” (kehoe et al. 2005, citing scarf 1967b). his students elaborated the scarf algorithm into a tool box, where the price vector could be solved for any changes in policies (or exogenous shocks), giving the equilibrium ‘adjustments’ needed for the prices. this method was first used by shoven and whalley (1972 and 1973), and then was developed through the 1970s by scarf’s students and others. | wikipedia |
c9c7a5d5de4b6ebf4e7d61244edcb599735ac091 | brouwer's fixed point theorem states that a continuous | brouwer's fixed point theorem states that a continuous mapping of a simplex into itself has at least one fixed point. this paper describes a numerical algorithm for approximating, in a sense to be explained below, a fixed point of such a mapping (scarf 1967a: 1326). | wikipedia |
269bf07ff7a7748dc0f49e60b2d80d8d7b2a2920 | in mathematical economics, applied general equilibrium (age) models | in mathematical economics, applied general equilibrium (age) models were pioneered by herbert scarf at yale university in 1967, in two papers, and a follow-up book with terje hansen in 1973, with the aim of empirically estimating the arrow–debreu model of general equilibrium theory with empirical data, to provide "“a general method for the explicit numerical solution of the neoclassical model”(scarf with hansen 1973: 1) | wikipedia |
b791432c7158f83b41c90529287c4c7f7daef911 | in may 2010, prime minister kevin rudd announced | in may 2010, prime minister kevin rudd announced a $111.7 million commitment to the development by anu of a new australian national institute for public policy. the new national institute is intended to centralize public policy expertise. a good portion of the funds ($53.1 million) were earmarked for building and developing the previously announced australian centre on china in the world, which is one of three specialist centres along with the national security college and the australia and new zealand school of government to be specifically incorporated under the umbrella of the national institute. $19.8 million is set aside to create a joint building for the other two centres, with a further $17.3 million expressly dedicated to the national security college. | wikipedia |
68711e3d58905cb69b233d0698e4dd9da2a42429 | the anu research school of physics focuses primarily | the anu research school of physics focuses primarily on research into materials science and engineering; lasers, nonlinear optics and photonics; nanotechnology and mesoscopic physics; physics of atoms, molecules and the nucleus; plasma physics and surface science; physics and the environment. under the direction of mark oliphant, nuclear physics was one of the university's most notable early research priorities, leading to the construction of a 500 megajoule homopolar generator and a 7.7 megaelectronvolts cyclotron in the 1950s. | wikipedia |
3600c5e21565f45dcdfd237b50edf2dd6b55f83b | the anu college of physical & mathematical sciences | the anu college of physical & mathematical sciences comprises the research schools of astronomy & astrophysics, biology, chemistry, earth sciences, and physics; fenner school of environment and society; mathematical sciences institute; and australian national centre for the public awareness of science. | wikipedia |
9de02b5afeadd55da0485e04958daf43ebc7d798 | the anu college of law, established in 1960, | the anu college of law, established in 1960, conducts legal research and teaching, with centres dedicated to commercial law, international law, public law and environmental law. it is the 7th oldest of australia's 36 law schools. | wikipedia |
4bcc44925d1adf178832ce33a1e62406a4d442f0 | the anu college of engineering, computing & cybernetics | the anu college of engineering, computing & cybernetics is divided into three schools; school of engineering, school of computing and school of cybernetics. anu is home to the national computational infrastructure national facility and was a co-founder of nicta, which was the main information and communications technology research centre in australia until 2016. at that stage nicta was merged with csiro to form data 61, a research business unit. | wikipedia |
f9a19df6efc1263afc464bfdcdfe5ccb4713b6d0 | the anu college of asia and the pacific | the anu college of asia and the pacific is a specialist centre of asian and pacific studies and languages. the college is home to three academic schools: the crawford school of public policy, a research intensive public policy school; the school of culture history and language, the nation's centre dedicated to investigating and learning with and about the people, languages, and lands of asia and the pacific; and coral bell school of asia pacific affairs, australia's foremost collection of expertise in the politics and international affairs of asia and the pacific. | wikipedia |
0139436527938e9e2266e3be8c66e4a681530e95 | the australian centre for indigenous history (acih) was | the australian centre for indigenous history (acih) was established within the anu school of history, to "raise the profile of the study of indigenous history through internationally competitive scholarship", among other aims. the centre was officially launched on 28 march 2003, with senator aden ridgeway officiating. ann mcgrath was the founding director, and stayed at the helm until 2019, when lawrence bamblett and maria nugent were appointed co-directors. gordon briscoe was one of two inaugural research fellows at acih. | wikipedia |
d99fa9cc27b759516dd313f4ebbd17ce8c4d1a64 | a romerogram, also called spindle diagram, or bubble | a romerogram, also called spindle diagram, or bubble diagram, is a diagram popularised by alfred romer. it represents taxonomic diversity (horizontal width) against geological time (vertical axis) in order to reflect the variation of abundance of various taxa through time. | wikipedia |
2fb0aae16cafdafb18e1b8334d1927b653d20324 | through his textbook vertebrate paleontology, romer laid the | through his textbook vertebrate paleontology, romer laid the foundation for the traditional classification of vertebrates. he drew together the then widely scattered taxonomy of the different vertebrate groups and combined them into a single scheme, emphasizing orderliness and overview. based on his research into early amphibians, he reorganised the labyrinthodontians. romer's classification has been followed by many subsequent authors, notably robert l. carroll, and is still in use. | wikipedia |
ad50865e5afebd0f02e526c22b4d6b666f0b0e27 | romer was a keen practical student of vertebrate | romer was a keen practical student of vertebrate evolution. comparing facts from paleontology, comparative anatomy, and embryology, he taught the basic structural and functional changes that happened during the evolution of fishes to ancestral terrestrial vertebrates and from these to all other tetrapods. he always emphasized the evolutionary significance of the relationship between form and function of animals and their environment. | wikipedia |
02a2d39de34dded741dfd805c745a435c8a67404 | he studied at amherst college for his bachelor | he studied at amherst college for his bachelor of science honours degree in biology, then at columbia university for an m.sc. in biology and a doctorate in zoology in 1921. romer joined the department of geology and paleontology at the university of chicago as an associate professor in 1923. he was an active researcher and teacher. his collecting program added important paleozoic specimens to chicago's walker museum of paleontology. in 1934 he was appointed professor of biology at harvard university. in 1946, he became director of the harvard museum of comparative zoology (mcz). romer was elected to the american academy of arts and sciences in 1937. in 1951, he was elected to the american philosophical society. in 1954 romer was awarded the mary clark thompson medal from the national academy of sciences, of which he was a member. he was awarded the academy's daniel giraud elliot medal in 1956. in 1961, romer received the golden plate award of the american academy of achievement. | wikipedia |
bdccc126a5b75d0a29fced033ca57d8f33b4f5f1 | alphonse de candolle also had the unexpected distinction | alphonse de candolle also had the unexpected distinction of triggering the adoption of pre-paid postage in the canton and city of geneva, by a long address which he gave to the governing council in 1843. this led to them issuing switzerland's second postage stamp, the famous double geneva later in that year. (also see postage stamps and postal history of switzerland). | wikipedia |
977c24dc64f42fb861de225ec10e443e703bf5d8 | in 1855 de candolle published géographie botanique raisonnée. | in 1855 de candolle published géographie botanique raisonnée. this was a ground-breaking book that for the first time brought together the large mass of data being collected by the expeditions of the time. the natural sciences had become highly specialized, yet this book synthesized them to explain living organisms within their environment, and why plants were distributed the way they were, all upon a geologic scale. this book had a significant impact upon harvard botanist asa gray. | wikipedia |
94f989fb21d1b616be720d95bf358f739d8df3d7 | he was elected a foreign member of the | he was elected a foreign member of the royal swedish academy of sciences in 1859 and was awarded the linnean medal of the linnean society of london in 1889. he was elected a foreign member of the royal netherlands academy of arts and sciences in 1878. he is also known for a study of the religious affiliations of foreign members of the french and british academies of science during the scientific revolution that demonstrated that in both academies protestants were more heavily represented than catholics by comparison with catchment populations. this observation continues to be used (for example in david landes ' 1999 wealth and poverty of nations, cf. revised paperback edition, 177) as a demonstration that protestants were more inclined to be scientifically active during the scientific revolution than roman catholics. | wikipedia |
e869393b458c0b8d80706d23e633af6f7344a008 | de candolle, son of augustin pyramus de candolle, | de candolle, son of augustin pyramus de candolle, first devoted himself to the study of law, but gradually drifted to botany and finally succeeded to his father's chair at the university of geneva. he published a number of botanical works, including continuations of the prodromus in collaboration with his son, casimir de candolle. among his other contributions is the formulation, based on his father's work for the prodromus, of the first laws of botanical nomenclature, which was adopted by the international botanical congress in 1867, and was the prototype of the current icn. | wikipedia |
5adf675a1201b022b29212a98afec29c3f3312bb | alphonse louis pierre pyramus (or pyrame) de candolle | alphonse louis pierre pyramus (or pyrame) de candolle (28 october 1806 – 4 april 1893) was a french-swiss botanist, the son of the swiss botanist augustin pyramus de candolle. | wikipedia |
43765435384513c0291c1fbef550f402471753f8 | affect control theory has been used in research | affect control theory has been used in research on emotions, gender, social structure, politics, deviance and law, the arts, and business. affect control theory was analyzed through the use of quantitative methods in research, using mathematics to look at data and interpret their findings. however, recent applications of this theory have explored the concept of affect control theory through qualitative research methods. this process involves obtaining data through the use of interviews, observations, and questionnaires. affect control theory has been explored through qualitative measures in interviewing the family, friends, and loved ones of individuals who were murdered, looking at how the idea of forgiveness changes based on their interpretation of the situation. computer programs have also been an important part of understanding affect control theory, beginning with the use of "interact," a computer program designed to create social situations with the user to understand how an individual will react based on what is happening within the moment. "interact" has been an essential tool in research, using it to understand social interaction and the maintenance of affect between individuals. the use of interviews and observations have improved the understanding of affect control theory through qualitative research methods. a bibliography of research studies in these areas is provided by david r. heise and at the research program's website. | wikipedia |
0a3bcb26db6ff9ae3c8a624299027dc37c0d7189 | re-definition of the situation may follow an event | re-definition of the situation may follow an event that causes large deflections which cannot be resolved by reinterpreting the behavior. in this case, observers assign new identities that are confirmed by the behavior. for example, seeing a father slap a son, one might re-define the father as an abusive parent, or perhaps as a strict disciplinarian; or one might re-define the son as an arrogant brat. affect control theory's computer program predicts the plausible re-identifications, thereby providing a formal model for labeling theory. | wikipedia |
32120aeaddf520e83b1900da8784c14717e495a5 | others' behaviors are interpreted so as to minimize | others' behaviors are interpreted so as to minimize the deflections they cause. for example, a man turning away from another and exiting through a doorway could be engaged in several different actions, like departing from, deserting, or escaping from the other. observers choose among the alternatives so as to minimize deflections associated with their definitions of the situation. observers who assigned different identities to the observed individuals could have different interpretations of the behavior. | wikipedia |
41d405d1402857c651b362a31403880d28e2e0d1 | based on cybernetic studies by pavloski and goldstein, | based on cybernetic studies by pavloski and goldstein, that utilise perceptual control theory, heise hypothesizes that emotion is distinct from stress. for example, a parent enjoying intensely pleasant emotions while interacting with an offspring suffers no stress. a homeowner attending to a sponging house guest may feel no emotion and yet be experiencing substantial stress. | wikipedia |
929b7910c3e523e8e67af4c357476a05f96de642 | non-linear equations describing how transients and fundamentals combine | non-linear equations describing how transients and fundamentals combine to produce emotions have been derived in empirical studies affect control theory's computer simulation program uses these equations to predict emotions that arise in social interaction, and displays the predictions via facial expressions that are computer drawn, as well as in terms of emotion words. | wikipedia |
97421920eed5cd508e8dc0b45dd8079464db7f32 | according to affect control theory, an event generates | according to affect control theory, an event generates emotions for the individuals involved in the event by changing impressions of the individuals. the emotion is a function of the impression created of the individual and of the difference between that impression and the sentiment attached to the individual's identity thus, for example, an event that creates a negative impression of an individual generates unpleasant emotion for that person, and the unpleasantness is worse if the individual believes she has a highly valued identity. similarly, an event creating a positive impression generates a pleasant emotion, all the more pleasant if the individual believes he has a disvalued identity in the situation. | wikipedia |
a4d0b49feaa2a8451eb64887f03315547db68937 | confirming sentiments associated with negatively evaluated identities – | confirming sentiments associated with negatively evaluated identities – like bully, glutton, loafer, or scatterbrain – generates deviant behavior. affect control theory's sentiment databases and mathematical model are combined in a computer simulation program for analyzing social interaction in various cultures. | wikipedia |
c3c4448e72124b458a7c7cdfe17b010de11dba27 | on entering a scene an individual defines the | on entering a scene an individual defines the situation by assigning identities to each participant, frequently in accord with an encompassing social institution. while defining the situation, the individual tries to maintain the affective meaning of self through adoption of an identity whose sentiment serves as a surrogate for the individual's self-sentiment. the identities assembled in the definition of the situation determine the sentiments that the individual tries to maintain behaviorally. | wikipedia |
77d2f0f150f706e79147c862fe0d18e5195eeb90 | the basic cybernetic idea of affect control theory | the basic cybernetic idea of affect control theory can be stated in terms of deflections. an individual selects a behavior that produces the minimum deflections for concepts involved in the action. minimization of deflections is described by equations derived with calculus from empirical impression-formation equations. | wikipedia |
e470d3ec1eb47aa53cdf80ba4c9500767b6a1ec5 | deflections are the distances in the epa space | deflections are the distances in the epa space between transient and fundamental affective meanings. for example, a mother complimented by a stranger feels that the unknown individual is much nicer than a stranger is supposed to be, and a bit too potent and active as well – thus there is a moderate distance between the impression created and the mother's sentiment about strangers. high deflections in a situation produce an aura of unlikeliness or uncanniness. it is theorized that high deflections maintained over time generate psychological stress. | wikipedia |
003e70fa091012a377fdaf549ca5831554a04528 | a stable affective meaning derived either from personal | a stable affective meaning derived either from personal experience or from cultural inculcation is called a sentiment, or fundamental affective meaning, in affect control theory. affect control theory has inspired assembly of dictionaries of epa sentiments for thousands of concepts involved in social life – identities, behaviours, settings, personal attributes, and emotions. sentiment dictionaries have been constructed with ratings of respondents from the us, canada, northern ireland, germany, japan, china and taiwan. | wikipedia |
afe2c907f284f4ac60ff8904d8320e2cfc7f38df | besides a denotative meaning, every concept has an | besides a denotative meaning, every concept has an affective meaning, or connotation, that varies along three dimensions: evaluation – goodness versus badness, potency – powerfulness versus powerlessness, and activity – liveliness versus torpidity. affective meanings can be measured with semantic differentials yielding a three-number profile indicating how the concept is positioned on evaluation, potency, and activity (epa). osgood demonstrated that an elementary concept conveyed by a word or idiom has a normative affective meaning within a particular culture. | wikipedia |
e665680b17d2eb1482b00949a29facdc05854e53 | in this version of the game, the player | in this version of the game, the player must rescue a princess from the magic caverns. there are over a hundred different locations and many problems must be solved in order to achieve this goal. the game supports one or two word commands and the most useful commands are available via function key shortcuts e.g. inventory, check score etc. | wikipedia |
59dee086438d6ab7daf51de4adc195663a39a885 | he then worked at the königsberg fortress auxiliary | he then worked at the königsberg fortress auxiliary hospital with war invalids and at the pathological institute in königsberg. in may 1920 he received an assistant position at the university of breslau and habilitated in 1925 with contributions to the metabolism of endogenous obesity. in 1929 he moved to the university clinic, where he gave his inaugural lecture on newer aspects of the theory of diabetes. he became a professor in 1932 and was promoted to senior physician in april 1933. in january 1935 he asked for a leave of absence to open a practice in königsberg. in 1939 lublin emigrated to bolivia. because of the poor payment at the university of sucre, he worked for a mining company as a doctor. he later practised in sucre as a physician. | wikipedia |
053de0ae7598a8f9244abe6c2d2c7200af2431bd | in 1916 he had passed the preliminary medical | in 1916 he had passed the preliminary medical examination during a home leave in königsberg, after demobilization in 1918 he continued his studies at the university of halle-wittenberg and in the same year received his doctorate with a pharmacological dissertation. | wikipedia |
91e5b00f5ea2b65a69e3c45c380f8bb7c913f035 | lublin was born in bischofsburg, east prussia, german | lublin was born in bischofsburg, east prussia, german empire (now biskupiec, poland), his father was a judge. lublin attended the gymnasium in königsberg (kaliningrad) where he passed his abitur in 1913 and began to study medicine at the university of geneva. with the outbreak of world war i he volunteered the german army (german empire). he was first employed as a medical sergeant, then as a junior doctor, on the eastern front, later in the königsberg hospital, on the balkans and finally on the western front. he was awarded the iron cross, 1st class. | wikipedia |
0263ba8084c3913b446d19a4364a87c63ba0b2b5 | alfred lublin (4 may 1895 – 20 august | alfred lublin (4 may 1895 – 20 august 1956) was a german physician, a professor at the university of greifswald specialised in diabetes. in 1939 lublin emigrated to bolivia where he died in 1956, | wikipedia |
f532e4ef229356b32e781cfc8aaee4a8fe5c6cd8 | per roger anton axelsson, is a swedish former | per roger anton axelsson, is a swedish former professional ice hockey winger. he played for frölunda hc and timrå ik in the swedish hockey league (shl). anton is the younger brother of p. j. axelsson. | wikipedia |
53429b24169cf233e561fb2cf52dd5a1af9a971f | born in kungälv, axelsson moved to västra frölunda | born in kungälv, axelsson moved to västra frölunda as a youngster. he was drafted 192nd overall in the 2004 nhl entry draft by the detroit red wings while playing for frölunda hc u-20 team. he advanced to the senior team for the 2005–06 season and spent two seasons there before signing a two-year contract with timrå in april 2007. after four years with the club, he headed back to frölunda hc, where he played until the end of the 2015–16 campaign, in which he helped win the swedish national championship and the champions hockey league title. | wikipedia |
b4f550025e9163c9838caf10c6dccc4ff563a95e | per roger anton axelsson (born january 16, 1986), | per roger anton axelsson (born january 16, 1986), is a swedish former professional ice hockey winger. he played for frölunda hc and timrå ik in the swedish hockey league (shl). | wikipedia |
c419a0177711ad74b983d0e5a5a154865e2763de | 5264 telephus is a large jupiter trojan from | 5264 telephus is a large jupiter trojan from the greek camp, approximately 70 kilometers in diameter. it was discovered on 17 may 1991, by american astronomer couple carolyn and eugene shoemaker at the palomar observatory in california, and later named after king telephus from greek mythology. the dark and possibly elongated d-type asteroid belongs to the 50 largest jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 9.5 hours. | wikipedia |
0958cee49489a5596a793a1db3c320c5d9befb57 | this minor planet was named from greek mythology | this minor planet was named from greek mythology after king telephus. he is the grandson of zeus and son of heracles, after whom the apollo near-earth asteroids 5731 zeus and 5143 heracles were named, respectively. telephus was the son-in-law of king priam of troy, but fought with the greeks in the trojan war. the official naming citation was published by the minor planet center on 12 july 1995 (m.p.c. 25444). | wikipedia |
daedded9f179e9b46e7227cda5f07d1bf32c8d2f | according to the surveys carried out by the | according to the surveys carried out by the infrared astronomical satellite iras, the japanese akari satellite, and the neowise mission of nasa's wide-field infrared survey explorer, the asteroid measures between 68.47 and 81.38 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.043 and 0.072. call agrees with the results obtained by iras, and derives an albedo of 0.0571 with a diameter of 73.33 kilometers, based on an absolute magnitude of 9.4. | wikipedia |
8dcf2dcda42df5527fd0001836b15aba92cbf457 | in may 2015, telephus was observed in chile, | in may 2015, telephus was observed in chile, using the 4-meter víctor m. blanco telescope and its decam with a red filter in chile. the lightcurve gave a concurring period of 9.540 hours and an brightness variation of 0.20 in magnitude (u=3-). in may 2016, follow-up observation by robert stephens and daniel coley at the center for solar system studies, california, and linda french at wesleyan university gave the so-far best rated period of 9.525 ± 0.002 hours with an amplitude of 0.47 (u=3). due to its higher than usual brightness variation, this jovian asteroid is likely to have a non-spherical shape. | wikipedia |
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