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c3c00bca634ce630f353e3347087382359c09cd6
the pathway for adenosine-phosphate deaminase involves two substrates,
the pathway for adenosine-phosphate deaminase involves two substrates, 5'-adenosine monophosphate and water. this pathway is referred to as amidine hydrolysis. adenosine-phosphate deaminase binds to 5'-amp using water to break the c-n bond and replacing it with a carbonyl group. ultimately, this produces 5'-imp (inosine monophosphate) and nh (ammonia). substrate specificities of this class depend on their origin, however, all of them deaminate adenosine, 2'-deoxyadenosine, 5'-amp, and 3',5'-cyclic amp. inhibitors of adenosine-phosphate deaminase include mn (neutral or alkaline ph), f, fe, cn, co, zn, and hg.
wikipedia
abe7eb851799e1d0072b6d5619eded536d159b4d
the ec number for adenosine-phosphate deaminase is. the
the ec number for adenosine-phosphate deaminase is. the class is (ec 3) for hydrolase. hydrolases are enzymes that catalyze bond cleavage by reaction with water. the sub-class refers to adenosine-phosphate deaminase acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds, other than peptide bonds. the sub-sub-class refers to the type of substrate the enzyme is binding to, in this case, cyclic amidines. the final number (17) indicates that adenosine-phosphate deaminase binds to 5'-adenosine monophosphate.
wikipedia
f3f66321f336e4db1c19d19f35d120311f3f40b8
this enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases,
this enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in cyclic amidines. the systematic name of this enzyme class is adenosine-phosphate aminohydrolase. other names in common use include adenylate deaminase, adenine nucleotide deaminase, and adenosine (phosphate) deaminase.
wikipedia
bf04156492a79582591832d2606f714ccb7b46fe
on 1 june 1928 when aged 31, he
on 1 june 1928 when aged 31, he was interviewed by the board of directors from which he was announced as starting immediately as the first secretary manager of the dumfries club, queen of the south. he filled three roles at the club as he also signed himself as a player. in his first season, he was sent off when playing away in a 2-0 defeat at albion rovers on 24 november. he was at palmerston park until 1931.
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6082bf9fe9f092ed054d46d9dd34f72fbf745965
wright joined heart of midlothian for an estimated
wright joined heart of midlothian for an estimated fee of £2500 in 1922 – a record fee for an aberdeen player at the time – and remained a prominent figure in scottish football. for three successive seasons, he played in the annual east v west trial for the scotland national team. wright spent five seasons with hearts.
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27d206d2c64da3a1b79f0b8f822742ef9e074f39
wright began playing with aberdeen when he was
wright began playing with aberdeen when he was only 16. he remained at the dons until 1922, captaining the side in his latter years at the club. he was regarded as one of the best half backs in scotland and gained representative honours when he played for the scottish league against the english league. he made 143 appearances and scored 11 goals for the club. during the first world war he served with the gordon highlanders and royal engineers. when serving in london he also appeared at millwall.
wikipedia
e97f26219d27aa7479e2bb64e18eb2bea5b6e3e7
the 2022–23 season was the 72nd season in
the 2022–23 season was the 72nd season in the history of ferencvárosi tc and their 6th consecutive season in the top flight. the club will participate in nemzeti bajnokság i, magyar kupa and the ehf european league.
wikipedia
e97f26219d27aa7479e2bb64e18eb2bea5b6e3e7
the 2022–23 season was the 72nd season in
the 2022–23 season was the 72nd season in the history of ferencvárosi tc and their 6th consecutive season in the top flight. the club will participate in nemzeti bajnokság i, magyar kupa and the ehf european league.
wikipedia
657c2a8641e756912a4e6b3e91974b7d6592b528
antonio lanzavecchia is an italian and swiss immunologist.
antonio lanzavecchia is an italian and swiss immunologist. as a fellow of collegio borromeo he obtained a degree with honors in medicine in 1976 from the university of pavia where he specialized in pediatrics and infectious diseases. he is head human immunology program, istituto nazionale di genetica molecolare-ingm, milan and svp senior research fellow, humabs/vir biotechnology, bellinzona and san francisco (usa). since 2017, he is also professor at the faculty of biomedical sciences of the università della svizzera italiana (usi).
wikipedia
4767ff41f0abe9aaa6b05505a0c5da880c6682be
in 2021, lanzavecchia and colleagues developed a vaccine
in 2021, lanzavecchia and colleagues developed a vaccine that protects animals from salmonella. recent highly cited work on covid-19 analyzes the sensitivity of the virus to mrna vaccine-elicited antibodies and the receptor-binding domain of the sars-cov-2 omicron variant.
wikipedia
9c47108c1f37e9c692ba14d01e61893482ef9641
the laboratory also pioneered the use of human
the laboratory also pioneered the use of human monoclonal antibodies as tools for vaccine design, a process dubbed as “analytic vaccinology” (,). basic studies addressed the role of somatic mutations in the development of broadly neutralizing antibodies () and the relationship between infection and autoimmunity (). the study of the antibody response to the malaria parasite led to the discovery of a new mechanism of antibody diversification through the insertion into antibody genes of dna encoding pathogen receptors such as lair1 ().
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f4a48abc5be4b3f2afd5daf4b38b515182391a17
starting in 2003, the laboratory developed efficient methods
starting in 2003, the laboratory developed efficient methods to isolate human monoclonal antibodies as new tools for prophylaxis and therapy of infectious diseases (). among these is fi6 that neutralizes all influenza a viruses (), mpe8 that neutralizes four different paramyxoviruses () and mab114 (ansuvimab) that has been approved for treatment of ebola infected patients ().
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5e1f213abd126299b634848fbd8714ec6c0f92ad
in the late nineties the lanzavecchia laboratory determined
in the late nineties the lanzavecchia laboratory determined the mechanism, stoichiometry and kinetics of t cell receptor stimulation and signaling (,) and discovered a fundamental division of memory t cells into two major subsets of central memory and effector memory and central t cells that play distinct roles in immediate protection and secondary immune responses ().
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47068faa83be6543ece1dcc4dd37d72a9c700f35
in 1994 sallusto and lanzavecchia discovered that human
in 1994 sallusto and lanzavecchia discovered that human monocytes could be induced to differentiate in vitro into immature dendritic cells that resemble those that function as sentinels in peripheral tissues (), contributing to the rapid advancement of the field in the late nineties. taking advantage of such immature dendritic cells, they characterized in detail the maturation process and identified the microbial and endogenous stimuli that trigger dendritic cell maturation (,).
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c40af91df2606dc369e737a95001538fa96586d4
starting in the early eighties, lanzavecchia has contributed
starting in the early eighties, lanzavecchia has contributed to the advancement of human immunology in three distinct fields: i) antigen presentation and dendritic cell biology; ii) lymphocyte activation and immunological memory and iii) human monoclonal antibodies. in 1985, using antigen-specific t and b cell clones, lanzavecchia demonstrated that b cells efficiently capture, process and present antigen to t helper cells (). this study uncovered a critical step in the process of t-b cell cooperation that is essential for high affinity antibody production and is the basis for the development of glycoconjugate vaccines.
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514d732c9074421707f2f12546889fc2fb458f00
since 1980 lanzavecchia's laboratory developed robust methods to
since 1980 lanzavecchia's laboratory developed robust methods to study human t and b cells in vitro, first at the university of genoa, then at the basel institute for immunology and, from 1999 to 2020 at the institute for research in biomedicine in bellinzona, of which he was the founding director. he has been teaching immunology at the university of genoa and the university of siena and from 2009 to 2017 has been professor of human immunology at the swiss federal institute of technology zurich. following google scholar, lanzavecchia has an h-index of 162 (as of 2023).
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f0d17293de98c73e3b728b50546b45c6936a265e
antonio lanzavecchia (born in varese october 9, 1951)
antonio lanzavecchia (born in varese october 9, 1951) is an italian and swiss immunologist. as a fellow of collegio borromeo he obtained a degree with honors in medicine in 1976 from the university of pavia where he specialized in pediatrics and infectious diseases. he is head human immunology program, istituto nazionale di genetica molecolare-ingm, milan and svp senior research fellow, humabs/vir biotechnology, bellinzona and san francisco (usa). since 2017, he is also professor at the faculty of biomedical sciences of the università della svizzera italiana (usi).
wikipedia
b2e275ea467867aebc3fd4f62a949b0e5553dc79
gbadebo was ordained as assistant pastor of the
gbadebo was ordained as assistant pastor of the redeemed christian church of god in 2006 and ordained as a full pastor in 2009 during the convention theme "hope of glory". he is the country co-ordinator of the church in thailand.
wikipedia
e861966819f821ce3775fcbcda0f14ecfc195f45
gbadebo is an "a" license coach (by afc)
gbadebo is an "a" license coach (by afc) is currently coaching suphanburi f.c. in thai league 1. he was head coach for bangkok christian international school senior and under 15 soccer teams from 2007 to 2009 at tisac championship, assistant coach for thai port fc in the thailand f.a. cup champion in 2010, technical director and head coach of suphanburi f.c. youth team in 2013, when it was runner up at the thailand national youth championship in 2013. during the 2014 thai premier league season, mgbadebo oversaw the club as head coach for five premier league matches (won 4, drew 1) and thai fa cup 2nd round match away at nakhon pathom (qualified for quarter final).
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203be327599898bc7214f6e1ac4976a38f2bcbdd
in 1993, gbadebo joined stationery stores f.c. during
in 1993, gbadebo joined stationery stores f.c. during 1990–1993, gbadebo was called to play for nigeria under-20 and under-23 national teams, from 1994 to 1998 he played for al-bourj fc and in 1998 moved to bec tero sasana the following year, he went on loan to mohun bagan ac, then back again to thailand to lead bec tero sasana to win the thai premier league in 2000–01 and bec tero sasana to the asia champions league quarter-final. in 2004, he moved to the indonesian club psps pekanbaru.
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e09c6c93032cdda472edb04b4f80804d481036fb
gbadebo attended ansar ud seen primary school odunfa
gbadebo attended ansar ud seen primary school odunfa at ebute metta in lagos state and ansar ud been grammar school at randle avenue surulere, lagos state, for his secondary school certificate. he also attended anwar ul islam college agege, lagos state, for his advanced level school certificate. he attended the university of ibadan, oyo state, where he earned his b.sc degree in sociology in 1990. while there, gbadebo was elected student union sports secretary in 1989.
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77d5515ca3d1e04f9ee4dc835d25984e8419ee84
in enzymology, an agmatinase is an enzyme that
in enzymology, an agmatinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are agmatine and h2o, whereas its two products are putrescine and urea. this enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amidines. the systematic name of this enzyme class is agmatine amidinohydrolase. other names in common use include agmatine ureohydrolase, and speb. this enzyme participates in urea cycle and metabolism of amino groups.
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a4ea9064666cbb51f1dd729ea72e916b84e775e1
as of late 2007, 5 structures have been
as of late 2007, 5 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with pdb accession codes 1gq6, 1gq7, 1wog, 1woh, and 1woi.
wikipedia
d5b7082253b86dc4bee253e14e22d6f764e1a60d
this enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases,
this enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amidines. the systematic name of this enzyme class is agmatine amidinohydrolase. other names in common use include agmatine ureohydrolase, and speb. this enzyme participates in urea cycle and metabolism of amino groups.
wikipedia
6a117bd76bf1d3add10904804b76a22c5fb0ad23
3671 dionysus is a small binary amor asteroid,
3671 dionysus is a small binary amor asteroid, orbiting between earth and the asteroid belt. it was discovered by carolyn and gene shoemaker at palomar observatory on 27 may 1984. it is named after dionysus, the greek god of wine. its provisional designation was 1984 kd. it is an outer earth grazer because its perihelion is just within earth's orbit.
wikipedia
9c9d2ca28ce840e03ff640252cb51eedf1c7a5bd
in 1997, a team of astronomers at the
in 1997, a team of astronomers at the european southern observatory announced that lightcurve observations indicate the presence of a small moon orbiting dionysus. its provisional designation is s/1997 (3671) 1. this moon measures 300 meters in diameter, and orbits 3.6 km from dionysus with an eccentricity of 0.07 and an orbital period of 27.72 hours. from the surface of dionysus, s/1997 (3671) 1 would have an apparent diameter of roughly 3.02 degrees. for comparison, the sun appears to be 0.5° from earth.
wikipedia
7dc8cbfbf391ae0d033722ee10d9f0cbd76677ff
dionysus makes modestly close approaches to earth. on
dionysus makes modestly close approaches to earth. on 19 june 1984 dionysus passed 0.0305 au (4,560,000 km; 2,840,000 mi) from earth. on 18 june 2085 it will pass 0.028 au (4,200,000 km; 2,600,000 mi) from earth.
wikipedia
53e62f74ec0e99c748e362df6e6c69b4a9d4bbed
3671 dionysus is a potentially hazardous asteroid (pha)
3671 dionysus is a potentially hazardous asteroid (pha) because its minimum orbit intersection distance (moid) is less than 0.05 au and its diameter is greater than 150 meters. the earth-moid is 0.01989 au (2,976,000 km; 1,849,000 mi). its orbit is well-determined for the next several hundred years.
wikipedia
6a117bd76bf1d3add10904804b76a22c5fb0ad23
3671 dionysus is a small binary amor asteroid,
3671 dionysus is a small binary amor asteroid, orbiting between earth and the asteroid belt. it was discovered by carolyn and gene shoemaker at palomar observatory on 27 may 1984. it is named after dionysus, the greek god of wine. its provisional designation was 1984 kd. it is an outer earth grazer because its perihelion is just within earth's orbit.
wikipedia
519ee9e5582bb964307ae683b56b2e8187e14177
"ai no tane" is the unofficial debut single
"ai no tane" is the unofficial debut single of japanese pop idol group morning musume, released under a defunct up-front group-affiliated independent label on november 3, 1997. it is sometimes called the "zeroth single"—"morning coffee" (モーニングコーヒー) being the "first single" and so on. it was later included in many other morning musume releases: in their first official single "morning coffee"; their first album, first time (ファーストタイム); and their first "best of" compilation, best! morning musume 1. an instrumental for this song was included in the bonus karaoke disc in the early single box.
wikipedia
58d9415c19f03406151e8402103750aa823edcbe
the single was released and first distributed on
the single was released and first distributed on november 3 at shinsaibashi, osaka, selling 16,610 copies, and then on november 9 at fukuoka with 9,004 copies. distribution continued on november 23 at sapporo with 14,853 copies. during this event, kaori iida was hospitalized because her contact lens broke and caused temporary blindness. she was able to come back before the fourth day of "ai no tane" distribution at nagoya embarked; they sold 9,533 copies. after four days of distribution, the five girls accomplished their task and were officially under tsunku's care.
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6e0ab1482f5b780a0c2d7c3fb4b057e880747ecc
recordings began on mid-september as well as the
recordings began on mid-september as well as the photoshoot for the cd cover. during the production, the group faced a big issue regarding with yuko nakazawa. at the beginning, nakazawa wore long hair that was originally featured in their single's cover. she later cut it short before debuting publicly. this act caused for a re-shoot of the cover and her solo lines in the song's bridge.
wikipedia
42ed49b82be8aef629eedaf51977d189f4d4c1cb
in 1997, sharan q organized a talent search
in 1997, sharan q organized a talent search competition named "josei rokku vōkarisuto Ōdishon" (女性ロックヴォーカリストオーディション) under the show asayan. after the competition, producer and sharan q vocalist tsunku offered yuko nakazawa, aya ishiguro, kaori iida, natsumi abe, and asuka fukuda — five of the ten losers of the competition — the chance to be taken under his wing on one condition: to sell 50,000 copies of their debut single, which turned out to be "ai no tane." the girls agreed to the challenge and were named morning musume; thus, the recording of the song began.
wikipedia
f4579675a3a05dcc880393b08ced53a765e773ba
it was later included in many other morning
it was later included in many other morning musume releases: in their first official single "morning coffee"; their first album, first time (ファーストタイム); and their first "best of" compilation, best! morning musume 1. an instrumental for this song was included in the bonus karaoke disc in the early single box.
wikipedia
4a0af365723747417caeabf9c3d185502265e2c8
" ai no tane " (愛の種, the seeds
" ai no tane " (愛の種, the seeds of love) is the unofficial debut single of japanese pop idol group morning musume, released under a defunct up-front group -affiliated independent label on november 3, 1997. it is sometimes called the "zeroth single" — " morning coffee " (モーニングコーヒー) being the "first single" and so on.
wikipedia
9904de2217e172887d1aca032383fe5408d05187
andrás cser is a hungarian linguist and professor
andrás cser is a hungarian linguist and professor of theoretical linguistics at pázmány péter catholic university. he is the editor-in-chief of acta linguistica academica.cser is known for his works on phonology.
wikipedia
913301062695b3a40d40b7cf9238f69af1dfe25a
the anderson impurity model, named after philip warren
the anderson impurity model, named after philip warren anderson, is a hamiltonian that is used to describe magnetic impurities embedded in metals. it is often applied to the description of kondo effect-type problems, such as heavy fermion systems and kondo insulators. in its simplest form, the model contains a term describing the kinetic energy of the conduction electrons, a two-level term with an on-site coulomb repulsion that models the impurity energy levels, and a hybridization term that couples conduction and impurity orbitals. for a single impurity, the hamiltonian takes the form where the c operator is the annihilation operator of a conduction electron, and d is the annihilation operator for the impurity, k is the conduction electron wavevector, and σ labels the spin. the on–site coulomb repulsion is u , and v gives the hybridization.
wikipedia
78d6ea713eae4b9db359fc00a0db31d04b4e6ae0
there are other variants of the anderson model,
there are other variants of the anderson model, such as the su(4) anderson model, which is used to describe impurities which have an orbital, as well as a spin, degree of freedom. this is relevant in carbon nanotube quantum dot systems. the su(4) anderson model hamiltonian is
wikipedia
712ed2d69584ddbbe5b894a00981af8255b6a71e
where x j {\displaystyle x_{j}} is the position
where x j {\displaystyle x_{j}} is the position of impurity site j {\displaystyle j}, and f {\displaystyle f} is the impurity creation operator (used instead of d {\displaystyle d} by convention for heavy-fermion systems). the hybridization term allows f - orbital electrons in heavy fermion systems to interact, although they are separated by a distance greater than the hill limit.
wikipedia
bca5f0464ca6638111f920e25c1ff6c8d11bccf1
where the c {\displaystyle c} operator is the
where the c {\displaystyle c} operator is the annihilation operator of a conduction electron, and d {\displaystyle d} is the annihilation operator for the impurity, k {\displaystyle k} is the conduction electron wavevector, and σ {\displaystyle \sigma } labels the spin. the on–site coulomb repulsion is u {\displaystyle u}, and v {\displaystyle v} gives the hybridization.
wikipedia
5451f764359cabb236de56c0f13db47185a10fdd
the anderson impurity model, named after philip warren
the anderson impurity model, named after philip warren anderson, is a hamiltonian that is used to describe magnetic impurities embedded in metals. it is often applied to the description of kondo effect -type problems, such as heavy fermion systems and kondo insulators. in its simplest form, the model contains a term describing the kinetic energy of the conduction electrons, a two-level term with an on-site coulomb repulsion that models the impurity energy levels, and a hybridization term that couples conduction and impurity orbitals. for a single impurity, the hamiltonian takes the form
wikipedia
f30ed31707abe26a40e3bd0a31d3369ac88bd177
andreas matouschek is a biochemist at the university
andreas matouschek is a biochemist at the university of texas at austin, where he is a professor in the college of natural sciences. his graduate work with alan fersht resulted in the seminal application of phi-value analysis to the study of barnase, a bacterial rnase used in many protein folding studies. development of phi value analysis in combination with extensive protein engineering enabled an understanding of the kinetic intermediates during protein folding of barnase. in subsequent postdoctoral work at the university of basel, he studied how mitochondria refold proteins after importing them. in 1996, he moved to northwestern university. in 2012, he moved to the university of texas at austin. matouschek currently studies the proteasome, the degradation machinery of eukaryotic cells, and the mechanisms by which the proteasome is able to unfold and translocate proteins.
wikipedia
3473d9fe74effa01d8a13d499c2f96dcc397c1bb
at cambridge, matouschek was a graduate student under
at cambridge, matouschek was a graduate student under sir alan fersht from 1988 to 1992. in 1989, he pioneered the use of phi value analysis in combination with protein engineering in order to study the transition state of the bacterial protein barnase. by engineering mutations in carefully chosen portions of barnase and computing the ratio between the energetic destabilization introduced by a mutation in the transition state of barnase versus that of the same mutation to barnase's native state, he was able to gain insight about the transition state of barnase and its folding pathway. after receiving his phd in 1992, matouschek continued his work with fersht, serving as a research fellow at the centre for protein engineering for an additional year.
wikipedia
ea2859a2e6096e5c3f37b10beb16fbfb22479453
andreas matouschek is a biochemist at the university
andreas matouschek is a biochemist at the university of texas at austin, where he is a professor in the college of natural sciences. his graduate work with alan fersht resulted in the seminal application of phi-value analysis to the study of barnase, a bacterial rnase used in many protein folding studies. development of phi value analysis in combination with extensive protein engineering enabled an understanding of the kinetic intermediates during protein folding of barnase. in subsequent postdoctoral work at the university of basel, he studied how mitochondria refold proteins after importing them. in 1996, he moved to northwestern university. in 2012, he moved to the university of texas at austin.
wikipedia
fc401aed1d99135a323a56ae2595ccc04629cd4e
alexios polychronakos is a theoretical physicist. he studied
alexios polychronakos is a theoretical physicist. he studied electrical engineering at the national technical university of athens and did graduate work in theoretical physics at the california institute of technology under the supervision of john preskill. polychronakos is a professor of physics at the city college of new york. he is considered an authority on quantum field theory, quantum statistics, anyons,
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f2157d5b8aea631a81b0ceb9f9df162d946fad9c
integrable systems, and quantum fluids, having authored over
integrable systems, and quantum fluids, having authored over 110 refereed papers. he is a fellow of the american physical society (2012), cited for "for important contributions to the field of statistical mechanics and integrable systems, including the polychronakos model and the exchange operator formalism, fractional statistics, matrix model description of quantum hall systems as well as other areas such as noncommutative geometry".
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3de355d14a34e29e8637943f9f69861f8d02d710
he is a fellow of the american physical
he is a fellow of the american physical society (2012), cited for "for important contributions to the field of statistical mechanics and integrable systems, including the polychronakos model and the exchange operator formalism, fractional statistics, matrix model description of quantum hall systems as well as other areas such as noncommutative geometry".
wikipedia
f967b20e88ee148944159ebb3b42042c969b068b
polychronakos is a professor of physics at the
polychronakos is a professor of physics at the city college of new york. he is considered an authority on quantum field theory, quantum statistics, anyons, integrable systems, and quantum fluids, having authored over 110 refereed papers.
wikipedia
232299c1e2056df7372b87885468828ba6bde9eb
alexios polychronakos (born 1959, in greece) is a
alexios polychronakos (born 1959, in greece) is a theoretical physicist. he studied electrical engineering at the national technical university of athens (diploma in 1982) and did graduate work in theoretical physics at the california institute of technology (ph.d. 1987) under the supervision of john preskill.
wikipedia
652503d40c7afaf81e5ba109c67867a57a0e73d9
gabain was born in morhange on 7 april
gabain was born in morhange on 7 april 1901. her father, arthur von gabain, was a general and from protestant family, hugenotte. however, her mother raised her as a catholic. gabain received primary and secondary education in mainz and brandenburg. she went to berlin for university education. she took courses on mathematics, sciences, sinology and turcology. she completed a dissertation in sinology. von gabain then studied turcology with johann wilhelm bang kaup who was the founder of the berlin school of turkic studies. later, she began to work on the old turkic materials kept at the academy of sciences in berlin.
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e2d7afeb2014aed7328eac1edadfa8b6358f3ee7
in mathematical economics, applied general equilibrium (age) models
in mathematical economics, applied general equilibrium (age) models were pioneered by herbert scarf at yale university in 1967, in two papers, and a follow-up book with terje hansen in 1973, with the aim of empirically estimating the arrow–debreu model of general equilibrium theory with empirical data, to provide "“a general method for the explicit numerical solution of the neoclassical model”
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428ff5b97d292746b9be384523952f9de7965fb5
(scarf with hansen 1973: 1) scarf's method iterated
(scarf with hansen 1973: 1) scarf's method iterated a sequence of simplicial subdivisions which would generate a decreasing sequence of simplices around any solution of the general equilibrium problem. with sufficiently many steps, the sequence would produce a price vector that clears the market. scarf never built an age model, but hinted that “these novel numerical techniques might be useful in assessing consequences for the economy of a change in the economic environment”. his students elaborated the scarf algorithm into a tool box, where the price vector could be solved for any changes in policies, giving the equilibrium ‘adjustments’ needed for the prices. this method was first used by shoven and whalley, and then was developed through the 1970s by scarf’s students and others. most contemporary applied general equilibrium models are numerical
wikipedia
d419474e1d91bd163eb8c2dd59140af1147ac05a
effects within the same framework. scarf's fixed-point method
effects within the same framework. scarf's fixed-point method was a break-through in the mathematics of computation generally, and specifically in optimization and computational economics. later researchers continued to develop iterative methods for computing fixed-points, both for topological models like scarf's and for models described by functions with continuous second derivatives or convexity or both. of course, "global newton methods" for essentially convex and smooth functions and path-following methods for diffeomorphisms converged faster than did robust algorithms for continuous functions, when the smooth methods are applicable.
wikipedia
48f4d095339c0fb11f77d4445364896f25cc5765
cge models are based on macro balancing equations,
cge models are based on macro balancing equations, and use an equal number of equations (based on the standard macro balancing equations) and unknowns solvable as simultaneous equations, where exogenous variables are changed outside the model, to give the endogenous results.
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9f0945f0091f5f85f9d8225922d38203e727c3ab
age models, being based on arrow–debreu general equilibrium
age models, being based on arrow–debreu general equilibrium theory, work in a different manner than cge models. the model first establishes the existence of equilibrium through the standard arrow–debreu exposition, then inputs data into all the various sectors, and then applies scarf’s algorithm (scarf 1967a, 1967b and scarf with hansen 1973) to solve for a price vector that would clear all markets. this algorithm would narrow down the possible relative prices through a simplex method, which kept reducing the size of the ‘net’ within which possible solutions were found. age modelers then consciously choose a cutoff, and set an approximate solution as the net never closed on a unique point through the iteration process.
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scarf's fixed-point method was a break-through in the
scarf's fixed-point method was a break-through in the mathematics of computation generally, and specifically in optimization and computational economics. later researchers continued to develop iterative methods for computing fixed-points, both for topological models like scarf's and for models described by functions with continuous second derivatives or convexity or both. of course, " global newton methods " for essentially convex and smooth functions and path-following methods for diffeomorphisms converged faster than did robust algorithms for continuous functions, when the smooth methods are applicable.
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4c005c04fbb34f62768b02f0df03e52ec424f282
most contemporary applied general equilibrium models are numericalanalogs
most contemporary applied general equilibrium models are numericalanalogs of traditional two-sector general equilibrium models popularizedby james meade, harry johnson, arnold harberger, and others in the1950s and 1960s. earlier analytic work with these models has examinedthe distortionary effects of taxes, tariffs, and other policies, along withfunctional incidence questions. more recent applied models, includingthose discussed here, provide numerical estimates of efficiency and distributionaleffects within the same framework.
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scarf never built an age model, but hinted
scarf never built an age model, but hinted that “these novel numerical techniques might be useful in assessing consequences for the economy of a change in the economic environment” (kehoe et al. 2005, citing scarf 1967b). his students elaborated the scarf algorithm into a tool box, where the price vector could be solved for any changes in policies (or exogenous shocks), giving the equilibrium ‘adjustments’ needed for the prices. this method was first used by shoven and whalley (1972 and 1973), and then was developed through the 1970s by scarf’s students and others.
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brouwer's fixed point theorem states that a continuous
brouwer's fixed point theorem states that a continuous mapping of a simplex into itself has at least one fixed point. this paper describes a numerical algorithm for approximating, in a sense to be explained below, a fixed point of such a mapping (scarf 1967a: 1326).
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in mathematical economics, applied general equilibrium (age) models
in mathematical economics, applied general equilibrium (age) models were pioneered by herbert scarf at yale university in 1967, in two papers, and a follow-up book with terje hansen in 1973, with the aim of empirically estimating the arrow–debreu model of general equilibrium theory with empirical data, to provide "“a general method for the explicit numerical solution of the neoclassical model”(scarf with hansen 1973: 1)
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in may 2010, prime minister kevin rudd announced
in may 2010, prime minister kevin rudd announced a $111.7 million commitment to the development by anu of a new australian national institute for public policy. the new national institute is intended to centralize public policy expertise. a good portion of the funds ($53.1 million) were earmarked for building and developing the previously announced australian centre on china in the world, which is one of three specialist centres along with the national security college and the australia and new zealand school of government to be specifically incorporated under the umbrella of the national institute. $19.8 million is set aside to create a joint building for the other two centres, with a further $17.3 million expressly dedicated to the national security college.
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the anu research school of physics focuses primarily
the anu research school of physics focuses primarily on research into materials science and engineering; lasers, nonlinear optics and photonics; nanotechnology and mesoscopic physics; physics of atoms, molecules and the nucleus; plasma physics and surface science; physics and the environment. under the direction of mark oliphant, nuclear physics was one of the university's most notable early research priorities, leading to the construction of a 500 megajoule homopolar generator and a 7.7 megaelectronvolts cyclotron in the 1950s.
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the anu college of physical & mathematical sciences
the anu college of physical & mathematical sciences comprises the research schools of astronomy & astrophysics, biology, chemistry, earth sciences, and physics; fenner school of environment and society; mathematical sciences institute; and australian national centre for the public awareness of science.
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the anu college of law, established in 1960,
the anu college of law, established in 1960, conducts legal research and teaching, with centres dedicated to commercial law, international law, public law and environmental law. it is the 7th oldest of australia's 36 law schools.
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the anu college of engineering, computing & cybernetics
the anu college of engineering, computing & cybernetics is divided into three schools; school of engineering, school of computing and school of cybernetics. anu is home to the national computational infrastructure national facility and was a co-founder of nicta, which was the main information and communications technology research centre in australia until 2016. at that stage nicta was merged with csiro to form data 61, a research business unit.
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the anu college of asia and the pacific
the anu college of asia and the pacific is a specialist centre of asian and pacific studies and languages. the college is home to three academic schools: the crawford school of public policy, a research intensive public policy school; the school of culture history and language, the nation's centre dedicated to investigating and learning with and about the people, languages, and lands of asia and the pacific; and coral bell school of asia pacific affairs, australia's foremost collection of expertise in the politics and international affairs of asia and the pacific.
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the australian centre for indigenous history (acih) was
the australian centre for indigenous history (acih) was established within the anu school of history, to "raise the profile of the study of indigenous history through internationally competitive scholarship", among other aims. the centre was officially launched on 28 march 2003, with senator aden ridgeway officiating. ann mcgrath was the founding director, and stayed at the helm until 2019, when lawrence bamblett and maria nugent were appointed co-directors. gordon briscoe was one of two inaugural research fellows at acih.
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a romerogram, also called spindle diagram, or bubble
a romerogram, also called spindle diagram, or bubble diagram, is a diagram popularised by alfred romer. it represents taxonomic diversity (horizontal width) against geological time (vertical axis) in order to reflect the variation of abundance of various taxa through time.
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through his textbook vertebrate paleontology, romer laid the
through his textbook vertebrate paleontology, romer laid the foundation for the traditional classification of vertebrates. he drew together the then widely scattered taxonomy of the different vertebrate groups and combined them into a single scheme, emphasizing orderliness and overview. based on his research into early amphibians, he reorganised the labyrinthodontians. romer's classification has been followed by many subsequent authors, notably robert l. carroll, and is still in use.
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romer was a keen practical student of vertebrate
romer was a keen practical student of vertebrate evolution. comparing facts from paleontology, comparative anatomy, and embryology, he taught the basic structural and functional changes that happened during the evolution of fishes to ancestral terrestrial vertebrates and from these to all other tetrapods. he always emphasized the evolutionary significance of the relationship between form and function of animals and their environment.
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he studied at amherst college for his bachelor
he studied at amherst college for his bachelor of science honours degree in biology, then at columbia university for an m.sc. in biology and a doctorate in zoology in 1921. romer joined the department of geology and paleontology at the university of chicago as an associate professor in 1923. he was an active researcher and teacher. his collecting program added important paleozoic specimens to chicago's walker museum of paleontology. in 1934 he was appointed professor of biology at harvard university. in 1946, he became director of the harvard museum of comparative zoology (mcz). romer was elected to the american academy of arts and sciences in 1937. in 1951, he was elected to the american philosophical society. in 1954 romer was awarded the mary clark thompson medal from the national academy of sciences, of which he was a member. he was awarded the academy's daniel giraud elliot medal in 1956. in 1961, romer received the golden plate award of the american academy of achievement.
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alphonse de candolle also had the unexpected distinction
alphonse de candolle also had the unexpected distinction of triggering the adoption of pre-paid postage in the canton and city of geneva, by a long address which he gave to the governing council in 1843. this led to them issuing switzerland's second postage stamp, the famous double geneva later in that year. (also see postage stamps and postal history of switzerland).
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in 1855 de candolle published géographie botanique raisonnée.
in 1855 de candolle published géographie botanique raisonnée. this was a ground-breaking book that for the first time brought together the large mass of data being collected by the expeditions of the time. the natural sciences had become highly specialized, yet this book synthesized them to explain living organisms within their environment, and why plants were distributed the way they were, all upon a geologic scale. this book had a significant impact upon harvard botanist asa gray.
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he was elected a foreign member of the
he was elected a foreign member of the royal swedish academy of sciences in 1859 and was awarded the linnean medal of the linnean society of london in 1889. he was elected a foreign member of the royal netherlands academy of arts and sciences in 1878. he is also known for a study of the religious affiliations of foreign members of the french and british academies of science during the scientific revolution that demonstrated that in both academies protestants were more heavily represented than catholics by comparison with catchment populations. this observation continues to be used (for example in david landes ' 1999 wealth and poverty of nations, cf. revised paperback edition, 177) as a demonstration that protestants were more inclined to be scientifically active during the scientific revolution than roman catholics.
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e869393b458c0b8d80706d23e633af6f7344a008
de candolle, son of augustin pyramus de candolle,
de candolle, son of augustin pyramus de candolle, first devoted himself to the study of law, but gradually drifted to botany and finally succeeded to his father's chair at the university of geneva. he published a number of botanical works, including continuations of the prodromus in collaboration with his son, casimir de candolle. among his other contributions is the formulation, based on his father's work for the prodromus, of the first laws of botanical nomenclature, which was adopted by the international botanical congress in 1867, and was the prototype of the current icn.
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alphonse louis pierre pyramus (or pyrame) de candolle
alphonse louis pierre pyramus (or pyrame) de candolle (28 october 1806 – 4 april 1893) was a french-swiss botanist, the son of the swiss botanist augustin pyramus de candolle.
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affect control theory has been used in research
affect control theory has been used in research on emotions, gender, social structure, politics, deviance and law, the arts, and business. affect control theory was analyzed through the use of quantitative methods in research, using mathematics to look at data and interpret their findings. however, recent applications of this theory have explored the concept of affect control theory through qualitative research methods. this process involves obtaining data through the use of interviews, observations, and questionnaires. affect control theory has been explored through qualitative measures in interviewing the family, friends, and loved ones of individuals who were murdered, looking at how the idea of forgiveness changes based on their interpretation of the situation. computer programs have also been an important part of understanding affect control theory, beginning with the use of "interact," a computer program designed to create social situations with the user to understand how an individual will react based on what is happening within the moment. "interact" has been an essential tool in research, using it to understand social interaction and the maintenance of affect between individuals. the use of interviews and observations have improved the understanding of affect control theory through qualitative research methods. a bibliography of research studies in these areas is provided by david r. heise and at the research program's website.
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re-definition of the situation may follow an event
re-definition of the situation may follow an event that causes large deflections which cannot be resolved by reinterpreting the behavior. in this case, observers assign new identities that are confirmed by the behavior. for example, seeing a father slap a son, one might re-define the father as an abusive parent, or perhaps as a strict disciplinarian; or one might re-define the son as an arrogant brat. affect control theory's computer program predicts the plausible re-identifications, thereby providing a formal model for labeling theory.
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32120aeaddf520e83b1900da8784c14717e495a5
others' behaviors are interpreted so as to minimize
others' behaviors are interpreted so as to minimize the deflections they cause. for example, a man turning away from another and exiting through a doorway could be engaged in several different actions, like departing from, deserting, or escaping from the other. observers choose among the alternatives so as to minimize deflections associated with their definitions of the situation. observers who assigned different identities to the observed individuals could have different interpretations of the behavior.
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41d405d1402857c651b362a31403880d28e2e0d1
based on cybernetic studies by pavloski and goldstein,
based on cybernetic studies by pavloski and goldstein, that utilise perceptual control theory, heise hypothesizes that emotion is distinct from stress. for example, a parent enjoying intensely pleasant emotions while interacting with an offspring suffers no stress. a homeowner attending to a sponging house guest may feel no emotion and yet be experiencing substantial stress.
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929b7910c3e523e8e67af4c357476a05f96de642
non-linear equations describing how transients and fundamentals combine
non-linear equations describing how transients and fundamentals combine to produce emotions have been derived in empirical studies affect control theory's computer simulation program uses these equations to predict emotions that arise in social interaction, and displays the predictions via facial expressions that are computer drawn, as well as in terms of emotion words.
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97421920eed5cd508e8dc0b45dd8079464db7f32
according to affect control theory, an event generates
according to affect control theory, an event generates emotions for the individuals involved in the event by changing impressions of the individuals. the emotion is a function of the impression created of the individual and of the difference between that impression and the sentiment attached to the individual's identity thus, for example, an event that creates a negative impression of an individual generates unpleasant emotion for that person, and the unpleasantness is worse if the individual believes she has a highly valued identity. similarly, an event creating a positive impression generates a pleasant emotion, all the more pleasant if the individual believes he has a disvalued identity in the situation.
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a4d0b49feaa2a8451eb64887f03315547db68937
confirming sentiments associated with negatively evaluated identities –
confirming sentiments associated with negatively evaluated identities – like bully, glutton, loafer, or scatterbrain – generates deviant behavior. affect control theory's sentiment databases and mathematical model are combined in a computer simulation program for analyzing social interaction in various cultures.
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c3c4448e72124b458a7c7cdfe17b010de11dba27
on entering a scene an individual defines the
on entering a scene an individual defines the situation by assigning identities to each participant, frequently in accord with an encompassing social institution. while defining the situation, the individual tries to maintain the affective meaning of self through adoption of an identity whose sentiment serves as a surrogate for the individual's self-sentiment. the identities assembled in the definition of the situation determine the sentiments that the individual tries to maintain behaviorally.
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77d2f0f150f706e79147c862fe0d18e5195eeb90
the basic cybernetic idea of affect control theory
the basic cybernetic idea of affect control theory can be stated in terms of deflections. an individual selects a behavior that produces the minimum deflections for concepts involved in the action. minimization of deflections is described by equations derived with calculus from empirical impression-formation equations.
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e470d3ec1eb47aa53cdf80ba4c9500767b6a1ec5
deflections are the distances in the epa space
deflections are the distances in the epa space between transient and fundamental affective meanings. for example, a mother complimented by a stranger feels that the unknown individual is much nicer than a stranger is supposed to be, and a bit too potent and active as well – thus there is a moderate distance between the impression created and the mother's sentiment about strangers. high deflections in a situation produce an aura of unlikeliness or uncanniness. it is theorized that high deflections maintained over time generate psychological stress.
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003e70fa091012a377fdaf549ca5831554a04528
a stable affective meaning derived either from personal
a stable affective meaning derived either from personal experience or from cultural inculcation is called a sentiment, or fundamental affective meaning, in affect control theory. affect control theory has inspired assembly of dictionaries of epa sentiments for thousands of concepts involved in social life – identities, behaviours, settings, personal attributes, and emotions. sentiment dictionaries have been constructed with ratings of respondents from the us, canada, northern ireland, germany, japan, china and taiwan.
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afe2c907f284f4ac60ff8904d8320e2cfc7f38df
besides a denotative meaning, every concept has an
besides a denotative meaning, every concept has an affective meaning, or connotation, that varies along three dimensions: evaluation – goodness versus badness, potency – powerfulness versus powerlessness, and activity – liveliness versus torpidity. affective meanings can be measured with semantic differentials yielding a three-number profile indicating how the concept is positioned on evaluation, potency, and activity (epa). osgood demonstrated that an elementary concept conveyed by a word or idiom has a normative affective meaning within a particular culture.
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e665680b17d2eb1482b00949a29facdc05854e53
in this version of the game, the player
in this version of the game, the player must rescue a princess from the magic caverns. there are over a hundred different locations and many problems must be solved in order to achieve this goal. the game supports one or two word commands and the most useful commands are available via function key shortcuts e.g. inventory, check score etc.
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59dee086438d6ab7daf51de4adc195663a39a885
he then worked at the königsberg fortress auxiliary
he then worked at the königsberg fortress auxiliary hospital with war invalids and at the pathological institute in königsberg. in may 1920 he received an assistant position at the university of breslau and habilitated in 1925 with contributions to the metabolism of endogenous obesity. in 1929 he moved to the university clinic, where he gave his inaugural lecture on newer aspects of the theory of diabetes. he became a professor in 1932 and was promoted to senior physician in april 1933. in january 1935 he asked for a leave of absence to open a practice in königsberg. in 1939 lublin emigrated to bolivia. because of the poor payment at the university of sucre, he worked for a mining company as a doctor. he later practised in sucre as a physician.
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053de0ae7598a8f9244abe6c2d2c7200af2431bd
in 1916 he had passed the preliminary medical
in 1916 he had passed the preliminary medical examination during a home leave in königsberg, after demobilization in 1918 he continued his studies at the university of halle-wittenberg and in the same year received his doctorate with a pharmacological dissertation.
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91e5b00f5ea2b65a69e3c45c380f8bb7c913f035
lublin was born in bischofsburg, east prussia, german
lublin was born in bischofsburg, east prussia, german empire (now biskupiec, poland), his father was a judge. lublin attended the gymnasium in königsberg (kaliningrad) where he passed his abitur in 1913 and began to study medicine at the university of geneva. with the outbreak of world war i he volunteered the german army (german empire). he was first employed as a medical sergeant, then as a junior doctor, on the eastern front, later in the königsberg hospital, on the balkans and finally on the western front. he was awarded the iron cross, 1st class.
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0263ba8084c3913b446d19a4364a87c63ba0b2b5
alfred lublin (4 may 1895 – 20 august
alfred lublin (4 may 1895 – 20 august 1956) was a german physician, a professor at the university of greifswald specialised in diabetes. in 1939 lublin emigrated to bolivia where he died in 1956,
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per roger anton axelsson, is a swedish former
per roger anton axelsson, is a swedish former professional ice hockey winger. he played for frölunda hc and timrå ik in the swedish hockey league (shl). anton is the younger brother of p. j. axelsson.
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53429b24169cf233e561fb2cf52dd5a1af9a971f
born in kungälv, axelsson moved to västra frölunda
born in kungälv, axelsson moved to västra frölunda as a youngster. he was drafted 192nd overall in the 2004 nhl entry draft by the detroit red wings while playing for frölunda hc u-20 team. he advanced to the senior team for the 2005–06 season and spent two seasons there before signing a two-year contract with timrå in april 2007. after four years with the club, he headed back to frölunda hc, where he played until the end of the 2015–16 campaign, in which he helped win the swedish national championship and the champions hockey league title.
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b4f550025e9163c9838caf10c6dccc4ff563a95e
per roger anton axelsson (born january 16, 1986),
per roger anton axelsson (born january 16, 1986), is a swedish former professional ice hockey winger. he played for frölunda hc and timrå ik in the swedish hockey league (shl).
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c419a0177711ad74b983d0e5a5a154865e2763de
5264 telephus is a large jupiter trojan from
5264 telephus is a large jupiter trojan from the greek camp, approximately 70 kilometers in diameter. it was discovered on 17 may 1991, by american astronomer couple carolyn and eugene shoemaker at the palomar observatory in california, and later named after king telephus from greek mythology. the dark and possibly elongated d-type asteroid belongs to the 50 largest jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 9.5 hours.
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this minor planet was named from greek mythology
this minor planet was named from greek mythology after king telephus. he is the grandson of zeus and son of heracles, after whom the apollo near-earth asteroids 5731 zeus and 5143 heracles were named, respectively. telephus was the son-in-law of king priam of troy, but fought with the greeks in the trojan war. the official naming citation was published by the minor planet center on 12 july 1995 (m.p.c. 25444).
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daedded9f179e9b46e7227cda5f07d1bf32c8d2f
according to the surveys carried out by the
according to the surveys carried out by the infrared astronomical satellite iras, the japanese akari satellite, and the neowise mission of nasa's wide-field infrared survey explorer, the asteroid measures between 68.47 and 81.38 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.043 and 0.072. call agrees with the results obtained by iras, and derives an albedo of 0.0571 with a diameter of 73.33 kilometers, based on an absolute magnitude of 9.4.
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8dcf2dcda42df5527fd0001836b15aba92cbf457
in may 2015, telephus was observed in chile,
in may 2015, telephus was observed in chile, using the 4-meter víctor m. blanco telescope and its decam with a red filter in chile. the lightcurve gave a concurring period of 9.540 hours and an brightness variation of 0.20 in magnitude (u=3-). in may 2016, follow-up observation by robert stephens and daniel coley at the center for solar system studies, california, and linda french at wesleyan university gave the so-far best rated period of 9.525 ± 0.002 hours with an amplitude of 0.47 (u=3). due to its higher than usual brightness variation, this jovian asteroid is likely to have a non-spherical shape.
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