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id stringlengths 40 40	title stringlengths 15 120	text stringlengths 41 3.14k	source stringclasses 2 values
70055a3fa486529558d2de22251f4e9391444d28	the bacterial variant clostridium perfringens type a produces	the bacterial variant clostridium perfringens type a produces alpha-toxin. the toxin has phospholipase c activity, and causes hemolysis, lethality, and dermonecrosis. at high concentrations, alpha-toxin induces massive degradation of phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, producing diacylglycerol and ceramide, respecti...	wikipedia
b8cafc807026329510dad253436b7b907e09d78b	additionally, phospholipase c plays an important role in	additionally, phospholipase c plays an important role in the inflammation pathway. the binding of agonists such as thrombin, epinephrine, or collagen, to platelet surface receptors can trigger the activation of phospholipase c to catalyze the release of arachidonic acid from two major membrane phospholipids, phosphatid...	wikipedia
1f13d0ff18eb74aaa74c7ff256e078171e104c93	both dag and ip are substrates for the	both dag and ip are substrates for the synthesis of regulatory molecules. dag is the substrate for the synthesis of phosphatidic acid, a regulatory molecule. ip is the rate-limiting substrate for the synthesis of inositol polyphosphates, which stimulate multiple protein kinases, transcription, and mrna processing. regu...	wikipedia
6aabfba17dd840b434304dfe69baa41d47c63269	the two products of the plc catalyzed reaction,	the two products of the plc catalyzed reaction, dag and ip, are important second messengers that control diverse cellular processes and are substrates for synthesis of other important signaling molecules. when pip is cleaved, dag remains bound to the membrane, and ip is released as a soluble structure into the cytosol....	wikipedia
f6a9ff817a77a997a397e1b24660665d84c7226d	plc cleaves the phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (pip) into	plc cleaves the phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (pip) into diacyl glycerol (dag) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (ip). thus plc has a profound impact on the depletion of pip, which acts as a membrane anchor or allosteric regulator and an agonist for many lipid-gated ion channels. pip also acts as th...	wikipedia
ca135e00a3197a5b1908766d9a828fcc7e6d7905	phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase c (plc) is a key player	phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase c (plc) is a key player in cell signaling processes. when cells encounter signals like hormones or growth factors, plc breaks down a molecule called pip2 to produce new signaling molecules. pip2 is a type of molecule found in cell membranes. when cells receive certain signals fro...	wikipedia
87c0ebea5a5fcb861dc723407c3ba210d8cf0959	the primary catalyzed reaction of plc occurs on	the primary catalyzed reaction of plc occurs on an insoluble substrate at a lipid-water interface. the residues in the active site are conserved in all plc isotypes. in animals, plc selectively catalyzes the hydrolysis of the phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (pip) on the glycerol side of the phosphodi...	wikipedia
159b3b8b145a105fd017604be462fea94121c7e4	the genes encoding alpha-toxin (clostridium perfringens), bacillus cereus	the genes encoding alpha-toxin (clostridium perfringens), bacillus cereus plc (bc-plc), and plcs from clostridium bifermentans and listeria monocytogenes have been isolated and nucleotides sequenced. the sequences have significant homology, approximately 250 residues, from the n-terminus. alpha-toxin has an additional ...	wikipedia
d9e5f4244ba0066693033b3afda3e5afd80c3dd9	in mammals, plcs share a conserved core structure	in mammals, plcs share a conserved core structure and differ in other domains specific to each family. the core enzyme includes a split triosephosphate isomerase (tim) barrel, pleckstrin homology (ph) domain, four tandem ef hand domains, and a c2 domain. the tim barrel contains the active site, all catalytic residues, ...	wikipedia
f257580d81c6018c4984a8844f022d2ec21b2698	the class of chromadorea also utilizes the enzyme	the class of chromadorea also utilizes the enzyme phospholipase c to regulate the releases of calcium. the enzyme releases inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (ip3) that denotes a signaling pathway involved in activating ovulation, the propelling of the oocyte into the spermatheca. this gene is involved in various activities ...	wikipedia
e454fec18afeeafc73232c60311ecfdbbb0d10a8	most of the bacterial variants of phospholipase c	most of the bacterial variants of phospholipase c are characterized into one of four groups of structurally related proteins. the toxic phospholipases c are capable of interacting with eukaryotic cell membranes and hydrolyzing phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, leading to cell lysis.	wikipedia
740c562626044f2b0733bb8a5f31a6e968b4a80b	the extensive number of functions exerted by the	the extensive number of functions exerted by the plc reaction requires that it be strictly regulated and able to respond to multiple extra- and intracellular inputs with appropriate kinetics. this need has guided the evolution of six isotypes of plc in animals, each with a distinct mode of regulation. the pre-mrna of p...	wikipedia
05b82a22d5706d9070f09042fa66b4527178f3d3	there are thirteen kinds of mammalian phospholipase c	there are thirteen kinds of mammalian phospholipase c that are classified into six isotypes (β, γ, δ, ε, ζ, η) according to structure. each plc has unique and overlapping controls over expression and subcellular distribution. however, plc is not limited to mammals, and is present in bacteria and chromadorea as well.	wikipedia
034ace2dee2828c70d0bc51ef9f79500e2ab0bfb	phospholipase c (plc) is a class of membrane-associated	phospholipase c (plc) is a class of membrane-associated enzymes that cleave phospholipids just before the phosphate group (see figure). it is most commonly taken to be synonymous with the human forms of this enzyme, which play an important role in eukaryotic cell physiology, in particular signal transduction pathways. ...	wikipedia
c70a1fe4b9fbd842844d89fe2c3e23639ed40d69	the 2020 all-ireland minor football championship was the	the 2020 all-ireland minor football championship was the 89th staging of the all-ireland minor football championship since its establishment by the gaelic athletic association in 1929. the championship began on 17 october 2020 and due to the covid-19 pandemic, didn't end until 18 july 2021. cork were the defending cham...	wikipedia
977d6054c2104b6961295db64da364e115a110b4	the 2020 all-ireland minor football championship was the	the 2020 all-ireland minor football championship was the 89th staging of the all-ireland minor football championship since its establishment by the gaelic athletic association in 1929. the championship began on 17 october 2020 and due to the covid-19 pandemic, didn't end until 18 july 2021.	wikipedia
19182490f05f040b7a948753cdc59d365513a3ec	cal united will enter the 2020 u.s. open	cal united will enter the 2020 u.s. open cup with the rest of the national independent soccer association teams in the second round. it was announced on january 29 that their first opponent would be usl championship side orange county sc.	wikipedia
4105efa3b0feb8e03f85355fd4e706eb449d6045	in early july 2019, prior to the nisa	in early july 2019, prior to the nisa season kicking off, the team beat 30-time liga nacional de fútbol de guatemala champions c.s.d. municipal, 3–1, in the latter's pre-season tour of the united states.	wikipedia
8aeec2e2082a2a0f6b4290bf3d9371cc24600863	the strikers finished the fall season in second	the strikers finished the fall season in second place with a 2-3-1 (9 pts) record, clinching a spot in the west coast championship against la force. in the final, which was played at championship stadium with cal being designated the "away" team due to seeding, the strikers beat la in a penalty kick shootout and won it...	wikipedia
df2630babefd39abd1971081cc6465366536a5eb	since 2017, cal united had attempted to join	since 2017, cal united had attempted to join two professional leagues, the north american soccer league and national premier soccer league's proposed professional league (beginning with the npsl founders cup tournament), with neither effort taking form. in june 2019 the team was accepted into nisa as a member for the l...	wikipedia
72939e03ea45ccced1ce8b6bba8caa72ed7e86b8	4660 nereus, provisional designation 1982 db, is a	4660 nereus, provisional designation 1982 db, is a small asteroid. it was discovered by eleanor f. helin on 28 february 1982, approximately a month after it passed 4.1 million km (11 ld) from earth. nereus is potentially an important asteroid with a high albedo. it is an apollo and mars-crosser, with an orbit that freq...	wikipedia
2c09303ebdecd1cfca108b11a3a17c793e89e8c1	nereus was proposed for visitation by both the	nereus was proposed for visitation by both the private near earth asteroid prospector (neap) probe, and the japanese sample return mission hayabusa. however, the neap probe was not realized, and the hayabusa's launch was delayed by 10 months and the probe had to be redirected to 25143 itokawa.	wikipedia
24eee9580dc93f5465e79d0414fd755bbc84dc9e	nereus has a generally ellipsoidal shape with dimensions	nereus has a generally ellipsoidal shape with dimensions of 510 m × 330 m × 241 m. on the ends of its longest axis, one end appears narrower and rounder than the other, larger end, making it more of an egg shape. the larger end also appears to have a flatter region on one side of it. nereus rotates about an axis roughl...	wikipedia
2a6374424171b38fb21b0578621951ef80400377	nereus has been imaged by radar, revealing a	nereus has been imaged by radar, revealing a slightly elongated shape which would allow for stable orbits around it. earlier optical measurements had given an estimated diameter of about 330 ± 50 meters. more recent work on the analysis of the radar data gives a much more detailed shape for nereus as well as a fairly d...	wikipedia
585cf28f0e7ddbc6b043263428351e49eab7ee1a	although the discoverer is given the opportunity to	although the discoverer is given the opportunity to name the asteroid, helin donated naming rights to the planetary society which organized a naming contest. the winner, robert m. cutler, then an employee of nasa contractor the mitre corporation, named the asteroid after the ancient greek proto-god nereus who had chara...	wikipedia
37ae7ad3b2cea32f79e06b3593242985137b9925	nereus makes seven approaches to earth of less	nereus makes seven approaches to earth of less than 5 million km between 1900 and 2100. the closest will be on 14 february 2060, at 1.2 million km. the most recent closest approach was on 11 december 2021, when it was 3.9 million km away. during the 2021 approach, the asteroid peaked around apparent magnitude 12.6, req...	wikipedia
174fed9205666a19ac773683c45048b5516b6e14	nereus is potentially an important asteroid with a	nereus is potentially an important asteroid with a high albedo. it is an apollo and mars-crosser, with an orbit that frequently comes close to earth, and because of this it is exceptionally accessible to spacecraft. indeed, because of its small size and close orbit, its delta-v for rendezvous of ~5 km/s is smaller than...	wikipedia
56c8fb53d43e9a10af69ec3da9a529cf29bd470b	4660 nereus, provisional designation 1982 db, is a	4660 nereus, provisional designation 1982 db, is a small (about 0.33 kilometres (0.21 mi)) asteroid. it was discovered by eleanor f. helin on 28 february 1982, approximately a month after it passed 4.1 million km (11 ld) from earth.	wikipedia
4fd8c83158342d2744d7432283751698d35ad2f5	the 2013 gold coast titans season was the	the 2013 gold coast titans season was the 7th in the club's history. coached by john cartwright and co-captained by greg bird and nate myles, they competed in the nrl's 2013 telstra premiership. gold coast finished the regular season in 9th and failed to qualify the finals for the third consecutive year.	wikipedia
bd7bf81fe609f6179c1e22f22a586afd5eb7333b	the 2013 gold coast titans season was the	the 2013 gold coast titans season was the 7th in the club 's history. coached by john cartwright and co-captained by greg bird and nate myles, they competed in the nrl 's 2013 telstra premiership. gold coast finished the regular season in 9th (out of 16) and failed to qualify the finals for the third consecutive year.	wikipedia
53ca671465f54bac527d16c0c66bb069f85828fd	carl jung took up the idea in his	carl jung took up the idea in his book psychological types, arguing that in psychology "one sees what one can best see oneself". he continued to wrestle in later writings with the problems of psychological solipsism and infinite regress this potentially posed, and considered every therapist should have at least a good ...	wikipedia
efa3a4f3acd42bb48d7d80b34ebbeaf19fd35329	in response to this realization, astronomers became increasingly	in response to this realization, astronomers became increasingly suspicious of the results of other astronomers and their own assistants and began systematic programs to attempt to find ways to remove or lessen the effects. these included attempts at the automation of observations (appealing to the presumed objectivity...	wikipedia
f19bd099c8bab6c5a46ab3cc3f9861c271cb99f4	the term originated in astronomy, when it was	the term originated in astronomy, when it was discovered that numerous observers making simultaneous observations would record slightly different values (for example, in recording the exact time at which a star crossed the wires of a reticule in a telescope), some of which were of a significant enough difference to aff...	wikipedia
e75d4c1b6a946c052600acb7b946bf844766bb6e	5-hydroxymaltol, a derivative of maltol, is a substance	5-hydroxymaltol, a derivative of maltol, is a substance that can be found in penicillium echinulatum. it is also found in toasted oak and also in honeys from blue gum and yellow box.	wikipedia
862ab96086edcb28cb1fb99f6b937b7bb04fd6fd	5-hydroxymaltol, a derivative of maltol, is a substance	5-hydroxymaltol, a derivative of maltol, is a substance that can be found in penicillium echinulatum. it is also found in toasted oak and also in honeys from blue gum (eucalyptus leucoxylon) and yellow box (eucalyptus melliodora).	wikipedia
9fcdb2a0bdd758000cd4fc91548d3431af86c253	the 2023 season is sri pahang's 20th season	the 2023 season is sri pahang's 20th season in the malaysia super league since its inception in 2004. the club will also participate in the malaysia fa cup and malaysia cup. on 17 january 2023, fandi ahmad has been appointed as club's new head coach.	wikipedia
c4d80b702037ddb361ee342a41057ee68b7b5ba4	nutritional genomics, also known as nutrigenomics, is a	nutritional genomics, also known as nutrigenomics, is a science studying the relationship between human genome, human nutrition and health. people in the field work toward developing an understanding of how the whole body responds to a food via systems biology, as well as single gene/single food compound relationships....	wikipedia
ad548591dd50834123dee8e9945e280cf5bfd94f	there appear to be some snps that make	there appear to be some snps that make it more likely that a person will gain weight from a high fat diet; for people with aa genotype in the fto gene showed a higher bmi compared those with tt genotype when having high fat or low carbohydrate dietary intake. the apo b snp rs512535 is another diet-related variation; th...	wikipedia
df1c70c0eab1e26808dddc855201809dbc762452	obesity is one of the most widely studied	obesity is one of the most widely studied topics in nutritional genomics. due to genetic variations among individuals, each person could respond to diet differently. by exploring the interaction between dietary pattern and genetic factors, the field aims to suggest dietary changes that could prevent or reduce obesity.	wikipedia
b4c23ce6f5ce824586b78880848729946158d2e6	genes tied to nutrition manifest themselves through the	genes tied to nutrition manifest themselves through the body's sensitivity to food. in studies about chd, there is a relationship between the disease and the presence of two alleles found at e and b apolipoprotein loci. these loci differences result in individualized reactions to the consumption of lipids. some people ...	wikipedia