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id stringlengths 40 40	title stringlengths 15 120	text stringlengths 41 3.14k	source stringclasses 2 values
b25457fd74ad15971cb85e0993270106eac3f24b	phase shift images besides the ordinary bright-field image,	phase shift images besides the ordinary bright-field image, a phase shift image is created as well. the phase shift image is unique for digital holographic microscopy and gives quantifiable information about optical distance. in reflection dhm, the phase shift image forms a topography image of the object.	wikipedia
ee9bbd3418861b3e1ab45dee12f1726293857a0e	the lateral optical resolution of digital holographic microscopy	the lateral optical resolution of digital holographic microscopy is equivalent to the resolution of traditional light microscopy. dhm is diffraction-limited by the numerical aperture, in the same way as traditional light microscopy. however, dhm offers a superb axial (depth) resolution. an axial accuracy of approximate...	wikipedia
93a860715a06932720055c5a146029161de40bab	digital holography comes in different flavors, such as	digital holography comes in different flavors, such as off-axis fresnel, fourier, image plane, in-line, gabor and phase-shifting digital holography, depending on the optical setup. the basic principle, however, is the same; a hologram is recorded and an image is reconstructed by a computer.	wikipedia
ea4f0e9d419b0ec53bf7dc55167fde5f4f6f74dc	commonly, a microscope objective is used to collect	commonly, a microscope objective is used to collect the object wave front. however, as the microscope objective is only used to collect light and not to form an image, it may be replaced by a simple lens. if a slightly lower optical resolution is acceptable, the microscope objective may be entirely removed.	wikipedia
0247b73c0482b184b4bac7dacb8613a4a2690f14	to create the necessary interference pattern, i.e., the	to create the necessary interference pattern, i.e., the hologram, the illumination needs to be a coherent (monochromatic) light source, a laser for example. as can be seen in figure 2, the laser light is split into an object beam and a reference beam. the expanded object beam illuminates the sample to create the object...	wikipedia
254abbc42e3f52fabb4859be6ec474de9cfbe66b	actually, dhm has mostly been applied to light	actually, dhm has mostly been applied to light microscopy. in this field, it has shown unique applications for 3d characterization of technical samples and enables quantitative characterization of living cells.in materials science, dhm is routinely used for research in academic and industrial labs. depending on the app...	wikipedia
40337c11a9e09b196f7479c8f451ee4fc267304f	digital holographic microscopy (dhm) is digital holography applied	digital holographic microscopy (dhm) is digital holography applied to microscopy. digital holographic microscopy distinguishes itself from other microscopy methods by not recording the projected image of the object. instead, the light wave front information originating from the object is digitally recorded as a hologra...	wikipedia
ae0bb7eb1aae9aab675eeb6b087370779e10f13b	frank raymond radovich is an american former professional	frank raymond radovich is an american former professional basketball player and college coach. radovich was selected in the 1960 nba draft by the st. louis hawks after a collegiate career at indiana. he played for the philadelphia warriors in the 1961–62 nba season. radovich later coached the georgia southern universit...	wikipedia
40c18d5c66831d3a6f3dd8647f623b742c89b8c1	frank raymond radovich (born march 3, 1938) is	frank raymond radovich (born march 3, 1938) is an american former professional basketball player and college coach. radovich was selected in the 1960 nba draft by the st. louis hawks after a collegiate career at indiana. he played for the philadelphia warriors in the 1961–62 nba season. radovich later coached the georg...	wikipedia
4a5219ee125dfe99fdfce2d41784ba09e4eff885	lonnie lee van zandt (1937–1995) was a professor	lonnie lee van zandt (1937–1995) was a professor of physics at purdue university in indiana, usa. van zandt participated in the formation of the molecular biological physics group at purdue and studied the dynamics of dissolved dna polymers. he also performed pioneering research on the effect of microwaves on dna. his ...	wikipedia
6b42a4921de7b60213b22b7e91c12d9028a6dd6b	van zandt participated in the formation of the	van zandt participated in the formation of the molecular biological physics group at purdue and studied the dynamics of dissolved dna polymers. he also performed pioneering research on the effect of microwaves on dna. his phd thesis in physics at harvard university focused on the "effects of static spin density waves o...	wikipedia
7732d3f609403019aa00144770e40a8672c7698c	doxacurium chloride is a neuromuscular-blocking drug or skeletal	doxacurium chloride is a neuromuscular-blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs, used adjunctively in anesthesia to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation. unlike a number of other related skeletal muscle relaxants, i...	wikipedia
422eecbf8aee6d550b34c07ecfbbcc0a8960e033	the heritages of doxacurium and mivacurium hark back	the heritages of doxacurium and mivacurium hark back to the synthesis of numerous compounds following structure-activity relationships that drove researchers to find the ideal replacement for succinylcholine (suxamethonium). both doxacurium and mivacurium are descendants of early vigorous attempts to synthesize potent ...	wikipedia
6957a633e54da1235a44a29e60d02dbde436010d	doxacurium represents the second generation of tetrahydroisoquinolinium neuromuscular	doxacurium represents the second generation of tetrahydroisoquinolinium neuromuscular blocking drugs in a long lineage of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists synthesized by mary m. jackson and james c. wisowaty, phd (both chemists within the chemical development laboratories at burroughs wellcome co., research...	wikipedia
13f8e516575b5e2f6d3f7c657e3eb9c64e8ceddf	doxacurium is available worldwide although, for a number	doxacurium is available worldwide although, for a number of years, its use has not been popular because of considerably long duration of action. its decline from clinical use was even further hastened when the sister molecule, mivacurium chloride, was introduced into the clinic very shortly after doxacurium's debut. th...	wikipedia
4e2b613b08fbbc31505e2bea48f454bc1bc465dc	the pharmacological action of doxacurium is a function	the pharmacological action of doxacurium is a function of its competitive antagonism to acetylcholine receptors of the nicotinic type. the drug is marketed worldwide under the tradename of nuromax, and it is classified as a long-duration non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent in a class of compounds commonly and...	wikipedia
408a7f75195319e171293671c22ed995144fc8e6	doxacurium chloride (formerly recognized as bw938u80 or bw	doxacurium chloride (formerly recognized as bw938u80 or bw a938u) is a neuromuscular-blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs, used adjunctively in anesthesia to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation. unlike a number...	wikipedia
92a11c35740ef1cc426251da471b2a19c7e2b980	tsuiki station (築城駅, tsuiki-eki) is a passenger railway	tsuiki station (築城駅, tsuiki-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the town of chikujō, fukuoka prefecture, japan. it is operated by jr kyushu.	wikipedia
da4d4d219844433155d567f540d0415062ea41c8	on 2 june 2017, huber was called up	on 2 june 2017, huber was called up to the tajikistan national team for the first time, for their 2019 afc asian cup qualification third round match against the philippines on 13 june 2017, making his debut playing the first 45 minutes of the game.	wikipedia
df47e5ca8bc5478e1026b427a9ce7ba756291798	huber played nine games and scored one goal	huber played nine games and scored one goal for the germany u-20 national team. he played for the team at the 2005 fifa world youth championship in the netherlands, and later marked a game for the germany team 2006. he also hold a tadjik passport.	wikipedia
c68bccef7c043611a4ff556392c4849badac9f45	huber began his career in 1993 with his	huber began his career in 1993 with his born club khujand. he also began his career in late-1993 with his home town club vfl neustadt. in summer 1999, he was scouted by eintracht frankfurt where promoted in 2004 to the first team. after seven games in his first season in the 2. bundesliga, he was loaned out in january ...	wikipedia
7124f0cbba064c825bd924768aaf4a69db34a6f3	alexander huber (cyrillic: Александр Хубер, romanized: aleksandr khuber;	alexander huber (cyrillic: Александр Хубер, romanized: aleksandr khuber; born 25 february 1985) is a tajikistani retired professional footballer who played as a defender.	wikipedia
8f92da19f0ff39dd1e2a179d01b0495ba0c16d67	the clean and environmentally safe advanced reactor (caesar)	the clean and environmentally safe advanced reactor (caesar) is a nuclear reactor concept created by claudio filippone, the director of the center for advanced energy concepts at the university of maryland, college park and head of the ongoing caesar project. the concept's key element is the use of steam as a moderator...	wikipedia
a9b97fb4a2733c69db3fae35c3efeccf1b640c03	this suggests that u-238 is the raw material	this suggests that u-238 is the raw material used to breed fissile pu-239 that is used in the core like any fast-neutron breeder reactor concept. however the neutronic simulation caesar is nowhere near other fast-breeder concepts or what is required in 2024. the caesar reactor design exploits the fact that the fission ...	wikipedia
d426f5ead605878791bde2ff772325c48a1594c8	this suggests that u-238 is the raw material	ile enrichment is required. it can undergo fission when impacted by an energetic neutron with over 1 mev of kinetic energy. but the high-energy neutrons produced by 238u fission, are not, themselves, sufficient to induce enough successive fissions in 238u to create a critical system. instead, bombarding 238u with neutr...	wikipedia
751cb91c8f5685dd4f82bf34fbdbba7aae1d2ae4	the maximum ratio of 238u fission is limited	the maximum ratio of 238u fission is limited by the neutron physics to less than 100%, but greater than 40%, which allows even a relatively low conversion ratio of 0.6 to breed its own fuel. conversion ratio of 0.6 is achievable in practice.	wikipedia
1996a59ab4eaf00d488f4c7456a326c26c780317	skeptics, however point out that it is generally	skeptics, however point out that it is generally believed that a controlled, sustained chain reaction is not possible with u. starting in the 1930s physicists have used the six factor formula and its derivative four factor formula to calculate the behavior of nuclear chain reactions inside a mass of fissile material. b...	wikipedia
246307cd1e4122c5a0b44d9dcc2472c0f7471c5a	filippone maintains that when steam is used as	filippone maintains that when steam is used as the moderator, the average neutron energy is increased from that of a liquid water-moderated reactor such that the delayed neutrons persist until they hit another nucleus. the resulting extremely high neutron economy, he claims, will make it possible to maintain a self-sus...	wikipedia
b933516dee463b348bb361b47710c9b910507241	the caesar reactor design exploits the fact that	the caesar reactor design exploits the fact that the fission products and daughter isotopes produced via nuclear reactions also decay to produce additional delayed neutrons. filippone claims that unlike light water-cooled fission reactors, where fission occurring in enriched u fuel rods moderated by liquid-water coolan...	wikipedia
c6fbb7d06e25f0e0aa787503c20b25c898d6bb8d	the clean and environmentally safe advanced reactor (caesar)	the clean and environmentally safe advanced reactor (caesar) is a nuclear reactor concept created by claudio filippone, the director of the center for advanced energy concepts at the university of maryland, college park and head of the ongoing caesar project. the concept's key element is the use of steam as a moderator...	wikipedia
5452dcf7bef59bb15d9f29bc9a881fc129eeaa94	during the early stages of the 2012–13 season,	during the early stages of the 2012–13 season, lindström's fourth with färjestads, he received a career ending concussion against jokerit on october 28, 2012. he announced his retirement from professional hockey after still suffering symptoms 10 months after the injury on august 17, 2013.	wikipedia
61d2e9ca2a1e1ee0cce672092532834b3de5ef17	in the 2008-09 season, lindström responded positively to	in the 2008-09 season, lindström responded positively to his new surroundings as he led the lakers defense in scoring with 17 points in 41 games. on april 14, 2009, he returned to the elitserien on a two-year contract to captain färjestads bk.	wikipedia
0697e098cb8094be4ae72790e75f9fc74f27900a	lindström returned to sweden after three seasons and	lindström returned to sweden after three seasons and signed with timrå ik of the elitserien in 2002. establishing himself as a physical defensive defender, he was named captain in 2005 and played in six seasons in total with timrå before signing a one-year contract with swiss club rapperswil-jona lakers in 2008.	wikipedia
8f12975dbaaffc364c6c9a23204dfc0bc40e75f6	sanny left for north american the following season,	sanny left for north american the following season, although without a contract from the avalanche, signed with ahl affiliate, the hershey bears. unable to sustain a role in the ahl, lindström played in lower leagues with the baton rouge kingfish and the quad city mallards.	wikipedia
f49799519c46c8aa8952d3abc52370ae0260773c	lindström was drafted in the fourth round, 112th	lindström was drafted in the fourth round, 112th overall in the 1999 nhl entry draft by the colorado avalanche. prior to his selection, lindström was already playing professionally in the swedish division.1 with original club huddinge ik.	wikipedia
1acd2adb361abb299d04697863eed31488242cc3	on 14 june 2012, aktobe announced the signing	on 14 june 2012, aktobe announced the signing of geynrikh. geynrikh made his debut two days later in aktobe's 2–1 victory against sunkar. after two years with aktobe, geynrikh's contract was terminated on 11 june 2014.	wikipedia
e6e1d12a506d00d88d58b7cd9add95285636e50c	on 26 february 2011, pakhtakor tashkent announced that	on 26 february 2011, pakhtakor tashkent announced that geynrikh had moved to south korean k-league club suwon bluewings on a one-year loan deal. he scored on his k-league debut for suwon, in the 2-0 opening day win over fc seoul on 6 march 2011.	wikipedia
fdb9071ba9fd461671bf1dd33c6a27eeb6d278d0	alexander rudolfovich geynrikh (russian: Александр Рудольфович Гейнрих, aleksandr	alexander rudolfovich geynrikh (russian: Александр Рудольфович Гейнрих, aleksandr rudolfovich geynrikh, german: alexander heinrich; born 6 october 1984) is an uzbek former footballer who played as a forward for the uzbekistan national team.	wikipedia
a876718a96787a7b92c8e3ba06d5afb8f2934235	beetle collected plant specimens with his wife and	beetle collected plant specimens with his wife and many other botanists, and is best known for his work with grasses. the alan a. beetle herbarium, a collection of his grass specimens numbering in excess of 10,000, is located at the department of rangeland ecology and watershed management at uw. in addition to grasses,...	wikipedia
14bb92c79df964d10e4cd96d5f1fdc25dd0d3bba	beetle adopted both surnames of his parents (ralph	beetle adopted both surnames of his parents (ralph dennison beetle and helen maria ackerman). he was married to botanist and malacologist dorothy erna, née schoof (1918–2005), from whom he was divorced in 1963. they had two children, howie and karen. they also adopted a third child, john.	wikipedia