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id stringlengths 40 40	title stringlengths 15 120	text stringlengths 41 3.14k	source stringclasses 2 values
8da89c67bc81cf4b6b6611f3d327fb67757fce2e	ademar jordan was a knight and troubadour from	ademar jordan was a knight and troubadour from saint-antonin in the rouergue. he was possibly a vassal of raimon jordan. ademar apparently participated in the war against the albigensian crusade, for he was captured by simon de montfort on 6 may 1212 and is not heard from again. on the occasion of his capture he compos...	wikipedia
6f9220beac394bd367a36e6f7871832d5e1a4e45	ademar apparently participated in the war against the	ademar apparently participated in the war against the albigensian crusade, for he was captured by simon de montfort on 6 may 1212 and is not heard from again. on the occasion of his capture he composed a sirventes in imitation of bertran de born, si tot m'ai estat lonjamenz. his only other extant song is pons, viscoms,...	wikipedia
daba3d23c9f847b9eeeb11c34a19930f5299d648	christopher ré is an american computer scientist. he	christopher ré is an american computer scientist. he is currently employed by stanford university, where he is an associate professor. he was awarded a macarthur fellowship in 2015. ré specializes in big data analysis. he co-founded lattice.io, a data mining and machine learning company that was acquired by apple in ma...	wikipedia
daba3d23c9f847b9eeeb11c34a19930f5299d648	christopher ré is an american computer scientist. he	christopher ré is an american computer scientist. he is currently employed by stanford university, where he is an associate professor. he was awarded a macarthur fellowship in 2015. ré specializes in big data analysis. he co-founded lattice.io, a data mining and machine learning company that was acquired by apple in ma...	wikipedia
0a6ec4a6e9376f913ab03662fac85b8915d841c2	the 2017 atk season was the club's fourth	the 2017 atk season was the club's fourth season since its establishment in 2014 and their fourth season in the indian super league. the club ended a three-season association with the spanish la liga club atlético madrid and was abbreviated to atk this season the club is coached by teddy sheringham and former bengaluru...	wikipedia
2d3f828d5491dc37e6771dc708e00eeab5053e06	as one of the bottom four teams in	as one of the bottom four teams in indian super league, atk entered the super cup in the qualifier round where they faced chennai city for a spot in the round of 16. the match began with atk on the front foot as expected. they sealed their berth in the pre-quarter finals by winning the match 4–1.	wikipedia
0a6ec4a6e9376f913ab03662fac85b8915d841c2	the 2017 atk season was the club's fourth	the 2017 atk season was the club's fourth season since its establishment in 2014 and their fourth season in the indian super league. the club ended a three-season association with the spanish la liga club atlético madrid and was abbreviated to atk this season the club is coached by teddy sheringham and former bengaluru...	wikipedia
bd63958dda03d04b70bb824e833c64da55b2f48d	abuyama kofun (阿武山古墳) is an asuka period burial	abuyama kofun (阿武山古墳) is an asuka period burial mound, located on mount abu, on the border of the nasahara neighborhood of the city of takatsuki and the ai neighborhood of the city of ibaraki, osaka prefecture, in the kansai region of japan. in 1934, the interred remains of an ancient nobleman were excavated from under...	wikipedia
80fcdb1d0ba6d2ea811d0bde44e2d75998c286be	in october 2014, the ibaraki city education committee	in october 2014, the ibaraki city education committee announced that ancient sen bricks discovered at the higashinara site in ibaraki, osaka match the bricks found in abuyama kofun. the site is believed to have been the location of mishima betsugyō, a villa where kamatari stayed before the isshi incident which triggere...	wikipedia
e5884ac4654a47755760c88bc6d60a86c49095d9	the distribution of gold threads was determined to	the distribution of gold threads was determined to have been from the embroidery thread for a taishokkan woven kanmuri, which could have been used only by a noble of the highest rank. together with the lacquered coffins and the glass-ball pillows, it was concluded that it is highly likely that the tomb was that of the ...	wikipedia
b88135ea8d6211788f0be9c297405f624a5d7e93	in 1982, when the seismic observatory was demolished,	in 1982, when the seismic observatory was demolished, these old files were discovered. a 1987 analysis revealed that the deceased had a strong bone structure and an athletic body, with the so-called pitcher's elbow. the cause of death was complications from injuries to the vertebral column and lumbar vertebrae sustaine...	wikipedia
a3bbea5c683ff6b4b1fa1a0309c0989b51057690	however, there was a problem with the excavation.	however, there was a problem with the excavation. kyoto university's faculty of science's earthquake observatory took the lead in excavating the site, but lacked knowledge of archeology and treated the ruins roughly. in response to this, the kyoto university archeology laboratory, which was initially consulted but was ...	wikipedia
76d94008e16d8dfe7cf540ae5695d53e660dfa3d	in 1934, the stone burial chamber of an	in 1934, the stone burial chamber of an ancient burial mound was accidentally discovered during construction of the kyoto imperial university 's seismic observatory on the 281.1 meter mount abu. there was no indication at ground level that this was a kofun, but further investigate determined that it had originally been...	wikipedia
bd63958dda03d04b70bb824e833c64da55b2f48d	abuyama kofun (阿武山古墳) is an asuka period burial	abuyama kofun (阿武山古墳) is an asuka period burial mound, located on mount abu, on the border of the nasahara neighborhood of the city of takatsuki and the ai neighborhood of the city of ibaraki, osaka prefecture, in the kansai region of japan. in 1934, the interred remains of an ancient nobleman were excavated from under...	wikipedia
d619a1f4ee0e3d402978c299e41796b7a0f66e4d	the consensus coding sequence (ccds) project is a	the consensus coding sequence (ccds) project is a collaborative effort to maintain a dataset of protein-coding regions that are identically annotated on the human and mouse reference genome assemblies. the ccds project tracks identical protein annotations on the reference mouse and human genomes with a stable identifie...	wikipedia
dbfaf7060ffe2f99c8d3d2fb41e42bfd50643c3c	the ccds set will become more complete as	the ccds set will become more complete as the independent curation groups agree on cases where they initially differ, as additional experimental validation of weakly supported genes occurs, and as automatic annotation methods continue to improve. communication among the ccds collaborating groups is ongoing and will res...	wikipedia
81db7ebe846b8cc936233dfd1aefba02c2d5ee15	long-term goals include the addition of attributes that	long-term goals include the addition of attributes that indicate where transcript annotation is also identical (including the utrs) and to indicate splice variants with different utrs that have the same ccds id. it is also anticipated that as more complete and high-quality genome sequence data become available for othe...	wikipedia
c2d2e04145d4d6bd18a45988f38fc8d80e2855a7	the ccds data set size has continued to	the ccds data set size has continued to increase with both the computational genome annotation updates, which integrate new data sets submitted to the international nucleotide sequence database collaboration (insdc), and on ongoing curation activities that supplement or improve upon that annotation. table 2 summarises ...	wikipedia
6e5532a141d94a849d95d4b3b8a46f3d99c41842	the ccds dataset is an integral part of	the ccds dataset is an integral part of the gencode gene annotation project and it is used as a standard for high-quality coding exon definition in various research fields, including clinical studies, large-scale epigenomic studies, exome projects and exon array design. due to the consensus annotation of ccds exons by ...	wikipedia
5f9ed9e171e016205d6baa9dbaa14564c3990412	the ccds project is available from the ncbi	the ccds project is available from the ncbi ccds data set page (here), which provides ftp download links and a query interface to acquire information about ccds sequences and locations. ccds reports can be obtained by using the query interface, which is located at the top of the ccds data set page. users can select var...	wikipedia
a3733e981a1a911eed6f70670828a97133dc973d	quality of reference genome sequence: as the ccds	quality of reference genome sequence: as the ccds data set is built to represent genomic annotations of human and mouse, the quality problems with the human and mouse reference genome sequences become another challenge. quality problems occur when the reference genome is misassembled. thereby the misassembled genome ma...	wikipedia
c6368fc16d1242d44ea951bf9d025d43b868a94c	read-through transcripts: read-through transcripts are also known as	read-through transcripts: read-through transcripts are also known as conjoined genes or co-transcribed genes. read-through transcripts are defined as transcripts combining at least part of one exon from each of two or more distinct known (partner) genes which lie on the same chromosome in the same orientation. the biol...	wikipedia
cbd2a65aaa58be3d532b5080674f3fc7d8309b97	upstream open reading frames: aug initiation codons located	upstream open reading frames: aug initiation codons located within transcript leaders are known as upstream augs (uaugs). sometimes, uaugs are associated with u orfs. u orfs are found in approximately 50% of human and mouse transcripts. the existence of u orfs are another challenge for the ccds data set. the scanning m...	wikipedia
a316e5ab005391015e8ee68c1b672abdb31af3f3	according to the ccds annotation guidelines, the longest	according to the ccds annotation guidelines, the longest orf must be annotated except when there is experimental evidence that an internal start site is used to initiate translation. additionally, other types of new data, such as ribosome profiling data, can be used to identify start codons. the ccds data set records o...	wikipedia
f1364e1cdff46699fc705f916f4ea14ecc8e114b	multiple in-frame translation start sites: multiple factors contribute	multiple in-frame translation start sites: multiple factors contribute to translation initiation, such as upstream open reading frames (uorfs), secondary structure and the sequence context around the translation initiation site. a common start site is defined within kozak consensus sequence: (gcc) gccaccaugg in vertebr...	wikipedia
fd240095f4dda03e951d581a6870e36205816b2a	previously, nmd candidate transcripts were considered to be	previously, nmd candidate transcripts were considered to be protein coding transcripts by both refseq and havana, and thereby, these nmd candidate transcripts were represented in the ccds data set. the refseq group and the havana project have subsequently revised their annotation policies.	wikipedia
02241b6880a8a3f706c1c0c33a61c11765ec1c6c	nonsense-mediated decay (nmd): nmd is the most powerful	nonsense-mediated decay (nmd): nmd is the most powerful mrna surveillance process. nmd eliminates defective mrna before it can be translated into protein. this is important because if the defective mrna is translated, the truncated protein may cause disease. different mechanisms have been proposed to explain nmd; one b...	wikipedia
c58500ec7fce85f1f943d5817c99094503ccc0f7	conflicting opinions are addressed by consulting with scientific	conflicting opinions are addressed by consulting with scientific experts or other annotation curation groups such as the hugo gene nomenclature committee (hgnc) and mouse genome informatics (mgi). if a conflict cannot be resolved, then collaborators agree to withdraw the ccds id until more information becomes available...	wikipedia
32b7f4d618f3b8a525192ae77b88acdc954b7437	curation policies established for the ccds data set	curation policies established for the ccds data set have been integrated in to the refseq and havana annotation guidelines and thus, new annotations provided by both groups are more likely to be concordant and result in addition of a ccds id. these standards address specific problem areas, are not a comprehensive set o...	wikipedia
0b6539feb12a77d6a8ac3d73056ed4838a6cc98f	coordinated manual curation is supported by a restricted-access	coordinated manual curation is supported by a restricted-access website and a discussion e-mail list. ccds curation guidelines were established to address specific conflicts that were observed at a higher frequency. establishment of ccds curation guidelines has helped to make the ccds curation process more efficient by...	wikipedia
6d4a2280733dd2524735ed57d8606b30796b0fbf	the ccds database is unique in that the	the ccds database is unique in that the review process must be carried out by multiple collaborators, and agreement must be reached before any changes can be made. this is made possible with a collaborator coordination system that includes a work process flow and forums for analysis and discussion. the ccds database op...	wikipedia
0e677bc86b964fa847b61fecf08d8a2ce58e7855	in order to ensure that cdss are of	in order to ensure that cdss are of high quality, multiple quality assurance (qa) tests are performed (table 1). all tests are performed following the annotation comparison step of each ccds build and are independent of individual annotation group qa tests performed prior to the annotation comparison.	wikipedia
a43d875ce374768073b89f609e125ee5eec45082	"consensus" is defined as protein-coding regions that agree	"consensus" is defined as protein-coding regions that agree at the start codon, stop codon, and splice junctions, and for which the prediction meets quality assurance benchmarks. a combination of manual and automated genome annotations provided by (ncbi) and ensembl (which incorporates manual havana annotations) are co...	wikipedia
782221b8eb0ab13539a3d6b39ddc96388e6dee5e	the ccds project was established to identify a	the ccds project was established to identify a gold standard set of protein-coding gene annotations that are identically annotated on the human and mouse reference genome assemblies by the participating annotation groups. the ccds gene sets that have been arrived at by consensus of the different partners now consist of...	wikipedia
0e6dcc9cec69edded80d54db962c37685bce1639	the consensus coding sequence (ccds) project is a	the consensus coding sequence (ccds) project is a collaborative effort to maintain a dataset of protein-coding regions that are identically annotated on the human and mouse reference genome assemblies. the ccds project tracks identical protein annotations on the reference mouse and human genomes with a stable identifie...	wikipedia
df3836f1ad90ad8cbb090e2d1b5a662c47dbeca3	abraham schalit wrote his major works on herod	abraham schalit wrote his major works on herod and josephus. the discovery of his lost 1925 vienna dissertation on josephus shows a shift in his views. he originally saw josephus as a bad historian but a patriot, sincerely seeking to further the rebels' cause against rome. later he regarded him as a pragmatist.	wikipedia
54e4dc2debc72ab3405dcb41e3e8bacef21b4131	schalit was born in 1898 in the galician	schalit was born in 1898 in the galician town of zolochiv, then in austria-hungary (from 1918 to 1939 in poland and now in ukraine). he studied at the university of vienna. in 1929, he immigrated to mandate palestine, now israel. in 1950, he joined the faculty of history department of the hebrew university of jerusalem...	wikipedia
00e22c26fb0ea68653ee3dc8ab4cd70a70063b65	aiyalam parameswaran balachandran is an indian theoretical physicist	aiyalam parameswaran balachandran is an indian theoretical physicist known for his extensive contributions to the role of classical topology in quantum physics. he is currently an emeritus professor in the department of physics, syracuse university, where he was previously the joel dorman steele professor of physics be...	wikipedia
41048f397291b80c2076a79b56aee3bccbd1cc87	balachandran received his phd degree under professor alladi	balachandran received his phd degree under professor alladi ramakrishnan at the university of madras. then he joined theoretisch physics, university at wien as a postdoctoral fellow under professor walter thirring, subsequently at the enrico fermi institute as a postdoc. in 1964, he joined the syracuse university facul...	wikipedia
fed14fda19a9466d233966bac2803b07e02ce5d5	balachandran was born on 25 january 1938 in	balachandran was born on 25 january 1938 in salem, tamil nadu, india. his father, aiyalam sundaram parameswaran, was a chartered accountant in pierce leslie and company in cochin. balachandran had a gifted poet, vyloppilli sreedhara menon, as his teacher. balachandran completed his first two college years in guruvayura...	wikipedia