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90 km ) or satellites in low earth orbit. in those cases, statistical mechanics is a more accurate method of solving the problem than is continuum aerodynamics. the knudsen number can be used to guide the choice between statistical mechanics and the continuous formulation of aerodynamics. conservation laws the assumpti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerodynamics | [
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##plifications lead to laplace's equation and potential flow theory. additionally, bernoulli's equation is a solution in one dimension to both the momentum and energy conservation equations. the ideal gas law or another such equation of state is often used in conjunction with these equations to form a determined system... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerodynamics | [
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an incompressible flow is a flow in which density is constant in both time and space. although all real fluids are compressible, a flow is often approximated as incompressible if the effect of the density changes cause only small changes to the calculated results. this is more likely to be true when the flow speeds are... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerodynamics | [
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be described using compressible aerodynamics. compressible aerodynamics according to the theory of aerodynamics, a flow is considered to be compressible if the density changes along a streamline. this means that – unlike incompressible flow – changes in density are considered. in general, this is the case where the mac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerodynamics | [
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fluid can be considered the fastest speed that " information " can travel in the flow. this difference most obviously manifests itself in the case of a fluid striking an object. in front of that object, the fluid builds up a stagnation pressure as impact with the object brings the moving fluid to rest. in fluid traveli... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerodynamics | [
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in the flow. these include low momentum diffusion, high momentum convection, and rapid variation of pressure and flow velocity in space and time. flow that is not turbulent is called laminar flow. aerodynamics in other fields engineering design aerodynamics is a significant element of vehicle design, including road car... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerodynamics | [
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vehicles fixed - wing aircraft helicopters missiles model aircraft related branches of aerodynamics aerothermodynamics aeroelasticity boundary layers turbulence external links nasa beginner's guide to aerodynamics aerodynamics for students aerodynamics for pilots aerodynamics and race car tuning aerodynamic related pro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerodynamics | [
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in calculus, an antiderivative, inverse derivative, primitive function, primitive integral or indefinite integral of a function is a differentiable function whose derivative is equal to the original function. this can be stated symbolically as. the process of solving for antiderivatives is called antidifferentiation ( ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiderivative | [
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derivatives of motion ( position, velocity, acceleration, and so on ). thus, integration produces the relations of acceleration, velocity and displacement : uses and properties antiderivatives can be used to compute definite integrals, using the fundamental theorem of calculus : if is an antiderivative of the integrabl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiderivative | [
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, there is no pre - defined method for computing indefinite integrals ). for some elementary functions, it is impossible to find an antiderivative in terms of other elementary functions. to learn more, see elementary functions and nonelementary integral. there exist many properties and techniques for finding antideriva... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiderivative | [
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##ities may nevertheless have antiderivatives. in some cases, the antiderivatives of such pathological functions may be found by riemann integration, while in other cases these functions are not riemann integrable. assuming that the domains of the functions are open intervals : a necessary, but not sufficient, conditio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiderivative | [
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a significantly different value for the riemann sum, no matter how fine the partition. see example 4 below. some examples basic formulae if, then. see also antiderivative ( complex analysis ) formal antiderivative jackson integral lists of integrals symbolic integration area notes references further reading introductio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiderivative | [
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vector algebra, rearranged : which is the cross product of the position vector and the linear momentum of the particle. by the definition of the cross product, the vector is perpendicular to both and. it is directed perpendicular to the plane of angular displacement, as indicated by the right - hand rule – so that the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular%20momentum | [
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of position and velocity for every point, and the forces at such a condition, one may use newton's second law to calculate the second derivative of position, and solving for this gives full information on the development of the physical system with time. note, however, that this is no longer true in quantum mechanics, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular%20momentum | [
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momentum : from euler – lagrange equations it then follows that : since the lagrangian is dependent upon the angles of the object only through the potential, we have : which is the torque on the ith object. suppose the system is invariant to rotations, so that the potential is independent of an overall rotation by the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular%20momentum | [
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direction, and the moment of inertia is a 3 - dimensional matrix ; bold letters stand for 3 - dimensional vectors. for point - like bodies we have : this form of the kinetic energy part of the hamiltonian is useful in analyzing central potential problems, and is easily transformed to a quantum mechanical work frame ( e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular%20momentum | [
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moment of inertia and angular velocity, single particle case in the case of a single particle moving about the arbitrary origin, and equations ( ) and ( ) for total angular momentum reduce to, case of a fixed center of mass for the case of the center of mass fixed in space with respect to the origin, and equations ( ) ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular%20momentum | [
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an anti - symmetric tensor of second order : in terms of four - vectors, namely the four - position x and the four - momentum p, and absorbs the above l together with the moment of mass, i. e., the product of the relativistic mass of the particle and its centre of mass, which can be thought of as describing the motion ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular%20momentum | [
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then an associated action of the lie algebra so ( 3 ) of so ( 3 ) ; the operators describing the action of so ( 3 ) on our hilbert space are the ( total ) angular momentum operators. the relationship between the angular momentum operator and the rotation operators is the same as the relationship between lie algebras an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular%20momentum | [
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. inserting a new element into the middle of a period would break the parallel between that period and the next, and would also violate dalton's law of multiple proportions. brownian motion in 1827, the british botanist robert brown observed that dust particles inside pollen grains floating in water constantly jiggled ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic%20theory | [
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bothe observed that beryllium emitted a highly penetrating, electrically neutral radiation when bombarded with alpha particles. it was later discovered that this radiation could knock hydrogen atoms out of paraffin wax. initially it was thought to be high - energy gamma radiation, since gamma radiation had a similar ef... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic%20theory | [
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would, when measured, be found at a particular point. this reconciled the ideas of wave - like and particle - like electrons : the behavior of an electron, or of any other subatomic entity, has both wave - like and particle - like aspects, and whether one aspect or the other is more apparent depends upon the situation.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic%20theory | [
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chemical element discoveries introduction to quantum mechanics kinetic theory of gases atomism the physical principles of the quantum theory footnotes bibliography further reading charles adolphe wurtz ( 1881 ) the atomic theory, d. appleton and company, new york. alan j. rocke ( 1984 ) chemical atomism in the nineteen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic%20theory | [
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ai is artificial intelligence, intellectual ability in machines and robots. ai, ai or a. i. may also refer to : animals ai ( chimpanzee ), an individual experimental subject in japan ai ( sloth ) or the pale - throated sloth, northern amazonian mammal species arts, entertainment and media works ai ( album ), a 2004 rel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai | [
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– 365 ) emperor ai of tang ( 892 – 908 ) ai ( poet ) ( 1947 – 2010 ), american poet ai ( singer ) ( born 1981 ), japanese - american singer and songwriter allen iverson ( born 1975 ), american retired professional basketball player ( " a. i. " ) andre iguodala ( born 1984 ), american professional basketball player ( " ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai | [
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bypass retailers by advertising directly to consumers. this was a major paradigm shift which forced manufacturers to focus on the brand and stimulated the need for superior insights into consumer purchasing, consumption and usage behaviour ; their needs, wants and aspirations. the earliest radio drama series were spons... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advertising | [
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a new type of advertising : the consumer tunes in for the advertising message, rather than it being a by - product or afterthought. as cable and satellite television became increasingly prevalent, specialty channels emerged, including channels entirely devoted to advertising, such as qvc, home shopping network, and sho... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advertising | [
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, web popups, skywriting, bus stop benches, human billboards and forehead advertising, magazines, newspapers, town criers, sides of buses, banners attached to or sides of airplanes ( " logojets " ), in - flight advertisements on seatback tray tables or overhead storage bins, taxicab doors, roof mounts and passenger scr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advertising | [
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toll - free telephone number or website. infomercials describe and often demonstrate products, and commonly have testimonials from customers and industry professionals. radio radio advertisements are broadcast as radio waves to the air from a transmitter to an antenna and a thus to a receiving device. airtime is purcha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advertising | [
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, multimedia messaging service picture and video messages, advergames and various engagement marketing campaigns. a particular feature driving mobile ads is the 2d barcode, which replaces the need to do any typing of web addresses, and uses the camera feature of modern phones to gain immediate access to web content. 83... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advertising | [
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in the field of artificial intelligence, the most difficult problems are informally known as ai - complete or ai - hard, implying that the difficulty of these computational problems, assuming intelligence is computational, is equivalent to that of solving the central artificial intelligence problem — making computers a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI-complete | [
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context whether to output text, joint torques, button presses, or other tokens. " formalization computational complexity theory deals with the relative computational difficulty of computable functions. by definition, it does not cover problems whose solution is unknown or has not been characterised formally. since many... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI-complete | [
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archaeoastronomy ( also spelled archeoastronomy ) is the interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary study of how people in the past " have understood the phenomena in the sky, how they used these phenomena and what role the sky played in their cultures ". clive ruggles argues it is misleading to consider archaeoastronomy t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoastronomy | [
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##ized widespread practice of accurate astronomy in the british isles. euan mackie, recognizing that thom's theories needed to be tested, excavated at the kintraw standing stone site in argyllshire in 1970 and 1971 to check whether the latter's prediction of an observation platform on the hill slope above the stone was... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoastronomy | [
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union ( iau ) in oxford in 1981. the methodologies and research questions of the participants were considered so different that the conference proceedings were published as two volumes. nevertheless, the conference was considered a success in bringing researchers together and oxford conferences have continued every fou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoastronomy | [
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history of science, either as it relates to a culture's observations of nature and the conceptual framework they devised to impose an order on those observations or as it relates to the political motives which drove particular historical actors to deploy certain astronomical concepts or techniques. art historian richar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoastronomy | [
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use of logos have suggested adopting the spanish cosmovision. when debates polarise between techniques, the methods are often referred to by a colour code, based on the colours of the bindings of the two volumes from the first oxford conference, where the approaches were first distinguished. green ( old world ) archaeo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoastronomy | [
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by a ridge in the landscape, and the viewer would need to be raised by two meters : another observation platform was needed. this was identified across a gorge where a platform was formed from small stones. the lack of artifacts caused concern for some archaeologists and the petrofabric analysis was inconclusive, but f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoastronomy | [
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been little more than slots, making them poor at letting light in, but providing a suitable place to view out. in their discussion of the credibility of archaeoastronomical sites, cotte and ruggles considered the interpretation that the caracol is an observatory site was debated among specialists, meeting the second of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoastronomy | [
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calendar could pause or skip days with confused citizens inscribing dates by both the civic calendar and ton theoi, by the moon. the lack of any universal calendar for ancient greece suggests that coordination of panhellenic events such as games or rituals could be difficult and that astronomical symbolism may have bee... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoastronomy | [
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cosmology is now better known through its export as feng shui. there is also much information about how the universe was thought to work stored in the mythology of the constellations. the barasana of the amazon plan part of their annual cycle based on observation of the stars. when their constellation of the caterpilla... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoastronomy | [
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indo - europeans ) over the semites. more recently gallagher, pyle, and fell interpreted inscriptions in west virginia as a description in celtic ogham alphabet of the supposed winter solstitial marker at the site. the controversial translation was supposedly validated by a problematic archaeoastronomical indication in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoastronomy | [
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latin american organisation which was founded in 2003. in 2009, the society for cultural astronomy in the american southwest ( scaas ) was founded, a regional organisation focusing on the astronomies of the native peoples of the southwestern united states ; it has since held seven meetings and workshops. two new organi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoastronomy | [
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##3 – 81 sprajc, ivan, and pedro francisco sanchez nava ( 2013 ). astronomia en la arquitectura de chichen itza : una reevaluacion. estudios de cultura maya xli : 31 – 60. further reading external links astronomy before history - a chapter from the cambridge concise history of astronomy, michael hoskin ed., 1999. clive... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoastronomy | [
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an ammeter ( abbreviation of ampere meter ) is an instrument used to measure the current in a circuit. electric currents are measured in amperes ( a ), hence the name. for direct measurement, the ammeter is connected in series with the circuit in which the current is to be measured. an ammeter usually has low resistanc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammeter | [
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voltmeter mechanism, and other types of meter are built around this. digital ammeter designs use a shunt resistor to produce a calibrated voltage proportional to the current flowing. this voltage is then measured by a digital voltmeter, through use of an analog - to - digital converter ( adc ) ; the digital display is ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammeter | [
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relatively small currents ( up to a few amperes ), an ammeter may pass the whole of the circuit current. for larger direct currents, a shunt resistor carries most of the circuit current and a small, accurately - known fraction of the current passes through the meter movement. for alternating current circuits, a current... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammeter | [
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with a shunt has a full - scale deflection ( fsd ) of, so shunts are typically designed to produce a voltage drop of when carrying their full rated current. to make a multi - range ammeter, a selector switch can be used to connect one of a number of shunts across the meter. it must be a make - before - break switch to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammeter | [
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magnet. since the ammeter shunt has a very low resistance, mistakenly wiring the ammeter in parallel with a voltage source will cause a short circuit, at best blowing a fuse, possibly damaging the instrument and wiring, and exposing an observer to injury. in ac circuits, a current transformer can be used to convert the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammeter | [
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in condensed matter physics and materials science, an amorphous solid ( or non - crystalline solid ) is a solid that lacks the long - range order that is characteristic of a crystal. the terms " glass " and " glassy solid " are sometimes used synonymously with amorphous solid ; however, these terms refer specifically t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous%20solid | [
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characterization of amorphous solids due to the lack of long - range order, standard crystallographic techniques are often inadequate in determining the structure of amorphous solids. a variety of electron, x - ray, and computation - based techniques have been used to characterize amorphous materials. multi - modal ana... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous%20solid | [
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argouml is an uml diagramming application written in java and released under the open source eclipse public license. by virtue of being a java application, it is available on any platform supported by java se. history argouml was originally developed at uc irvine by jason e. robbins, leading to his ph. d. it was an ope... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ArgoUML | [
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the uml standard. partial undo feature ( working for graphics edits ) java web start launching may no longer work reliably. see java web start. see also list of uml tools metacase tool references external links java platform software free uml tools 1999 software software using the eclipse license | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ArgoUML | [
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##10 } is deeply recursive. the maximum depth of nested s is. the culprit is the order in which iteration is executed :. the first disappears only after the whole sequence is unfolded. the computation according to the rules { b1 - b5, b7, r8 - r10 } is more efficient in that respect. the iteration simulates the repeate... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ackermann%20function | [
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this inverse ackermann function f−1 is usually denoted by α. in fact, α ( n ) is less than 5 for any practical input size n, since is on the order of. this inverse appears in the time complexity of some algorithms, such as the disjoint - set data structure and chazelle's algorithm for minimum spanning trees. sometimes ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ackermann%20function | [
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papers written between 1975 and 1982. see also computability theory double recursion fast - growing hierarchy goodstein function primitive recursive function recursion ( computer science ) notes references bibliography external links an animated ackermann function calculator ackerman function implemented using a for lo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ackermann%20function | [
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acm publication. acm computing surveys ( csur ) computers in entertainment ( cie ) acm journal on emerging technologies in computing systems ( jetc ) acm special interest group : computers and society ( sigcas ) a number of journals, specific to subfields of computer science, titled acm transactions. some of the more n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20for%20Computing%20Machinery | [
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all articles published by the acm in its articles, magazines and conference proceedings. the guide is a bibliography in computing with over one million entries. the acm digital library contains a comprehensive archive starting in the 1950s of the organization's journals, magazines, newsletters and conference proceeding... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20for%20Computing%20Machinery | [
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outreach program that brings renowned experts from academia, industry and government to present on the topic of their expertise. the dsp is overseen by a committee chapters acm has three kinds of chapters : special interest groups, professional chapters, and student chapters., acm has professional & sig chapters in 56 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20for%20Computing%20Machinery | [
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list while a partial list is shown below. most of the sigs also have an annual conference. acm conferences are often very popular publishing venues and are therefore very competitive. for example, siggraph 2007 attracted about 30000 attendees, while cikm 2005 and recsys 2022 had paper acceptance rates of only accepted ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20for%20Computing%20Machinery | [
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ans or ans or variation, may refer to : places ans, belgium, a municipality in belgium ans, denmark, a village in denmark angus, scotland, uk ; a council area by its chapman code ainsdale railway station, england, uk ( by station code ans ) andahuaylas airport, peru ( by iata airport code ans ) people ans ( given name ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ans | [
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agner krarup erlang ( 1 january 1878 – 3 february 1929 ) was a danish mathematician, statistician and engineer, who invented the fields of traffic engineering and queueing theory. by the time of his relatively early death at the age of 51, erlang had created the field of telephone networks analysis. his early work in s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agner%20Krarup%20Erlang | [
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the ctc, erlang was presented with the classic problem of determining how many circuits were needed to provide an acceptable telephone service. his thinking went further by finding how many telephone operators were needed to handle a given volume of calls. most telephone exchanges then used human operators and cord boa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agner%20Krarup%20Erlang | [
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amos basic is a dialect of the basic programming language for the amiga computer. following on from the successful stos basic for the atari st, amos basic was written for the amiga by francois lionet with constantin sotiropoulos and published by europress software in 1990. history amos competed on the amiga platform wi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMOS%20%28programming%20language%29 | [
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software. the language was mildly successful within the amiga community. its ease of use made it especially attractive to beginners. perhaps amos basic's biggest disadvantage, stemming from its atari st lineage, was its incompatibility with the amiga's operating system functions and interfaces. instead, amos basic cont... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMOS%20%28programming%20language%29 | [
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of citizens in 2010, the new york times revealed the existence of a hit list made by the obama administration. it included at least three americans to be killed without any kind of court oversight and no trial, against the background of the war on terror. officials of the government proposed who to kill and the preside... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination | [
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. targeted killing has become a frequent tactic of the united states and israel in their fight against terrorism. the tactic can raise complex questions and lead to contentious disputes as to the legal basis for its application, who qualifies as an appropriate " hit list " target, and what circumstances must exist befo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination | [
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withdrawal from alcohol than alcohol - dependent individuals without a history of past alcohol withdrawal episodes. the kindling effect leads to persistent functional changes in brain neural circuits as well as to gene expression. kindling also results in the intensification of psychological symptoms of alcohol withdra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholism | [
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to alcoholics for insomnia or anxiety management. initiating prescriptions of benzodiazepines or sedative - hypnotics in individuals in recovery has a high rate of relapse with one author reporting more than a quarter of people relapsed after being prescribed sedative - hypnotics. those who are long - term users of ben... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholism | [
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culture. the " town drunk " is a stock character in western popular culture. stereotypes of drunkenness may be based on racism or xenophobia, as in the fictional depiction of the irish as heavy drinkers. studies by social psychologists stivers and greeley attempt to document the perceived prevalence of high alcohol con... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholism | [
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, quotients, and direct sums of abelian groups are again abelian. the finite simple abelian groups are exactly the cyclic groups of prime order. the concepts of abelian group and - module agree. more specifically, every - module is an abelian group with its operation of addition, and every abelian group is a module ove... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abelian%20group | [
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##morphisms one can apply the fundamental theorem to count ( and sometimes determine ) the automorphisms of a given finite abelian group. to do this, one uses the fact that if splits as a direct sum of subgroups of coprime order, then given this, the fundamental theorem shows that to compute the automorphism group of i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abelian%20group | [
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##morphism such that this homomorphism is surjective, and its kernel is finitely generated ( since integers form a noetherian ring ). consider the matrix with integer entries, such that the entries of its th column are the coefficients of the th generator of the kernel. then, the abelian group is isomorphic to the coke... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abelian%20group | [
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for finitely generated, divisible, countable periodic, and rank 1 torsion - free abelian groups explained above were all obtained before 1950 and form a foundation of the classification of more general infinite abelian groups. important technical tools used in classification of infinite abelian groups are pure and basi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abelian%20group | [
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the first - order theory of abelian groups are known to be undecidable. finite abelian groups remain a topic of research in computational group theory. moreover, abelian groups of infinite order lead, quite surprisingly, to deep questions about the set theory commonly assumed to underlie all of mathematics. take the wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abelian%20group | [
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( cars ). austrian car production started in 1897. prior to world war i, the kingdom of hungary had four car manufacturer companies. these were : the ganz company in budapest, raba automobile in gyor, mag ( later magomobil ) in budapest, and marta ( hungarian automobile joint - stock company arad ) in arad. hungarian c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria-Hungary | [
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than the traditional carbon filament. tungsten filament lamps were first marketed by the hungarian company tungsram in 1904. this type is often called tungsram - bulbs in many european countries. despite the long experimentation with vacuum tubes at tungsram company, the mass production of radio tubes begun during ww1,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria-Hungary | [
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more than 2000 settlements had telephone exchange in kingdom of hungary. electronic audio broadcasting the telefon hirmondo ( telephone herald ) news and entertainment service was introduced in budapest in 1893. two decades before the introduction of radio broadcasting, people could listen to political, economic and sp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria-Hungary | [
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track, and hungary built of track. during this time, many new areas joined the railway system and the existing rail networks gained connections and interconnections. this period marked the beginning of widespread rail transportation in austria – hungary, and also the integration of transportation systems in the area. r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria-Hungary | [
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in a country churchyard, 1751 ). legacy " neither the strip's shifting political leanings nor the slide of its final few years had any bearing on its status as a classic ; and in 1995, it was recognized as such by the u. s. postal service ", according to toonopedia. li'l abner was one of 20 american comic strips includ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%20Capp | [
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athlon is the brand name applied to a series of x86 - compatible microprocessors designed and manufactured by amd. the original athlon ( now called athlon classic ) was the first seventh - generation x86 processor and the first desktop processor to reach speeds of one gigahertz ( ghz ). it made its debut as amd's high ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athlon | [
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hewlett - packard, and fujitsu siemens computers among others. later athlon iterations the second - generation athlon, the thunderbird, debuted in 2000. amd released the athlon xp the following year, and the athlon xp's immediate successor, the athlon 64, was an amd64 - architecture microprocessor released in 2003. aft... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athlon | [
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. it was based on the excavator microarchitecture and used 2 excavator modules tolalling 4 " cores ". it had a dual - channel ddr4 - 2400 memory controller with clockspeeds up to 4. 0ghz. it ran on the new socket am4 platform that was being used for zen1 - 3 cpu's. zen - based athlon ( 2018 – present ) the zen - based ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athlon | [
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relatively inaccurate, but a useful check on other models. possible planetary system hipparcos satellite astrometry suggested that arcturus is a binary star, with the companion about twenty times dimmer than the primary and orbiting close enough to be at the very limits of humans'current ability to make it out. recent ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcturus | [
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arabic name is haris - el - sema, from حارس السماء ħaris al - sama ’ " the keeper of heaven ". or حارس الشمال ħaris al - shamal ’ " the keeper of north ". in indian astronomy, arcturus is called swati or svati ( devanagari सवाति, transliteration iast svati, svati ), possibly'su'+'ati'( " great goer ", in reference to i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcturus | [
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the australian broadcasting corporation ( abc ) is the national broadcaster of australia. it is principally funded by direct grants from the australian government and is administered by a government - appointed board. the abc is a publicly - owned body that is politically independent and fully accountable, with its cha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Broadcasting%20Corporation | [
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, albeit with restrictions placed on their advertising content. in 1928, the government established the national broadcasting service to take over the 12 a - class licences as they came up for renewal, and contracted the australian broadcasting company, a private company established in 1924, to supply programs to the n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Broadcasting%20Corporation | [
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to be sent to each capital city by teleprinter, to be prepared and presented separately in each city. in 1975, colour television was permanently introduced into australia, and within a decade, the abc had moved into satellite broadcasting, greatly enhancing its ability to distribute content nationally. also in 1975, th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Broadcasting%20Corporation | [
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1993, while at the same time radio australia increased its international reach. reduced funding in 1997 for radio australia resulted in staff and programming cuts. the abc multimedia unit was established in july 1995 to manage the new abc website, which was launched in august. the abc was registered on the australian b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Broadcasting%20Corporation | [
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and abc jazz. abc local radio is the corporation's flagship radio station in each broadcast area. there are 54 individual stations, each with a similar format consisting of locally presented light entertainment, news, talk back, music, sport and interviews, in addition to some national programming such as am, pm, the w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Broadcasting%20Corporation | [
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unsigned and independent australian talent. triple j hottest - a triple j sister station, playing tracks from the past 30 years of triple j hottest 100 countdowns. abc jazz – a station exclusively dedicated to jazz from australia and the world. abc country – an exclusively country music station, mainly focussing on aus... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Broadcasting%20Corporation | [
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, and consists of a broad range programmes aimed at a young audience aged 6 – 15, with a core demographic of 8 – 12. abc kids ( formerly abc for kids on 2 and abc 4 kids ) is a preschool children's block featuring children's programming aimed at the 0 to 5 age groups. abc kids broadcasts during abc tv plus downtime, fr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Broadcasting%20Corporation | [
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developing policy for the abc's work in web publishing. at first it relied upon funding allocation to the corporation's tv and radio operations, but later began to receive its own. the abc provided live, online election coverage for the first time in 1996, and limited news content began to be provided in 1997. this uni... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Broadcasting%20Corporation | [
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and investigate new technologies for the abc. in 2008, crikey reported that certain abc online mobile sites in development were planned to carry commercial advertising. screenshots, developed in - house, of an abc grandstand sport page include advertising for two private companies. media watch later revealed that the w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Broadcasting%20Corporation | [
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february 2017. there were fears of job losses in the division after the huge budget cuts in 2014, as well as an earlier termination of a contract with the department of foreign affairs, one year into the 10 - year contract. on 24 may 2021, claire gorman was appointed to an expanded role to manage both the international... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Broadcasting%20Corporation | [
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angela vincent ( born 1942 ) is emeritus professor at the university of oxford and a fellow of somerville college, oxford. career and research angela vincent was born in 1942, the third child of carmen and joseph molony ( later kcvo ). after st mary's convent, ascot, she studied medicine at king's college london and we... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela%20Vincent | [
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peripheral nerves and more recently the exciting field of central nervous system diseases. the principal autoimmune diseases studied were myasthenia gravis, the lambert – eaton myasthenic syndrome, limbic encephalitis, other types of autoimmune encephalitis and acquired neuromyotonia. her contributions have been on the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela%20Vincent | [
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in mathematics, the arithmetic – geometric mean of two positive real numbers and is the mutual limit of a sequence of arithmetic means and a sequence of geometric means : begin the sequences with x and y : then define the two interdependent sequences and as these two sequences converge to the same number, the arithmeti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic%E2%80%93geometric%20mean | [
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which upon setting gives related concepts the reciprocal of the arithmetic – geometric mean of 1 and the square root of 2 is called gauss's constant, after carl friedrich gauss. in 1799, gauss proved that where is the lemniscate constant. in 1941, ( and hence ) was proven transcendental by theodor schneider. the set is... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic%E2%80%93geometric%20mean | [
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where is a complete elliptic integral of the first kind : that is to say that this quarter period may be efficiently computed through the agm, other applications using this property of the agm along with the ascending transformations of john landen, richard p. brent suggested the first agm algorithms for the fast evalu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic%E2%80%93geometric%20mean | [
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