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##gaster ( the fruit fly ). examples are anterior - posterior and dorso - ventral axis formation and eye development. a prime example of bistability in biological systems is that of sonic hedgehog ( shh ), a secreted signaling molecule, which plays a critical role in development. shh functions in diverse processes in d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bistability | [
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##duce their location. the first written accounts of banda are in suma oriental, a book written by the portuguese apothecary tome pires who was based in malacca from 1512 to 1515 but visited banda several times. on his first visit, he interviewed the portuguese and the far more knowledgeable malay sailors in malacca. h... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banda%20Islands | [
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the blues to progress to the afl grand final for the first time since 2004. this meant that they faced collingwood, exactly 20 years on since they faced the magpies in the 2003 grand final and completed the historic three - peat. the lions would fall short of the premiership in 2023, losing to the magpies in an extreme... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brisbane%20Lions | [
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31 july 2020 highest aggregate score : 293 points – brisbane lions 25. 21 ( 171 ) vs. fremantle 19. 8 ( 122 ), the gabba, 29 april 2001 lowest aggregate score : 76 points – brisbane lions 6. 6 ( 42 ) vs. collingwood 5. 4 ( 34 ), the gabba, 4 september 2020 most goals in a match : jonathan brown, ten goals vs. carlton, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brisbane%20Lions | [
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stadium. premierships season summaries statistics highlighted in bold denote the best known season for brisbane in that category statistics highlighted in italic denote the worst known season for brisbane in that category afl women's team in may 2016, the club launched a bid to enter a team in the inaugural afl women's... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brisbane%20Lions | [
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won the 1985 rematch. kasparov and karpov contested three further closely fought matches in 1986, 1987 and 1990, kasparov winning them all. kasparov became the dominant figure of world chess from the mid - 1980s until his retirement from competition in 2005. beginnings of chess technology chess - playing computer progr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess | [
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such as fics ( free internet chess server ). since then, many other platforms have appeared, and online chess began to rival over - the - board chess in popularity. during the 2020 covid - 19 pandemic, the isolation ensuing from quarantines imposed in many places around the world, combined with the success of the popul... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess | [
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extent that the inner harbour can be used for swimming with facilities at a number of locations. copenhagen aims to be carbon - neutral by 2025. commercial and residential buildings are to reduce electricity consumption by 20 per cent and 10 per cent respectively, and total heat consumption is to fall by 20 per cent by... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen | [
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of the municipality of copenhagen plus three adjacent municipalities : dragør, frederiksberg, and tarnby. their combined population stands at 763, 908 ( ). the municipality of copenhagen is by far the most populous in the country and one of the most populous nordic municipalities with 644, 431 inhabitants ( as of 2022 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen | [
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, culture and cuisine. other sources have ranked copenhagen high for its business environment, accessibility, restaurants and environmental planning. however, copenhagen ranks only 39th for student friendliness in 2012. despite a top score for quality of living, its scores were low for employer activity and affordabili... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen | [
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novozymes. city authorities have encouraged the development of business clusters in several innovative sectors, which include information technology, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, clean technology and smart city solutions. life science is a key sector with extensive research and development activities. medicon valley... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen | [
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since 1956, when it was also held in copenhagen. transport airport the greater copenhagen area has a very well established transportation infrastructure making it a hub in northern europe. copenhagen airport, opened in 1925, is scandinavia's largest airport, located in kastrup on the island of amager. it is connected t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen | [
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combinatorics is an area of mathematics primarily concerned with counting, both as a means and an end in obtaining results, and certain properties of finite structures. it is closely related to many other areas of mathematics and has many applications ranging from logic to statistical physics and from evolutionary biol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorics | [
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yet diverge widely in their objectives, their methods, and the degree of coherence they have attained. " one way to define combinatorics is, perhaps, to describe its subdivisions with their problems and techniques. this is the approach that is used below. however, there are also purely historical reasons for including ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorics | [
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coefficients — was presented by mathematicians in treatises dating as far back as the 10th century, and would eventually become known as pascal's triangle. later, in medieval england, campanology provided examples of what is now known as hamiltonian cycles in certain cayley graphs on permutations. during the renaissanc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorics | [
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##inatorial structures using tools from complex analysis and probability theory. in contrast with enumerative combinatorics, which uses explicit combinatorial formulae and generating functions to describe the results, analytic combinatorics aims at obtaining asymptotic formulae. partition theory partition theory studie... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorics | [
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problem is a special case of a steiner system, which systems play an important role in the classification of finite simple groups. the area has further connections to coding theory and geometric combinatorics. combinatorial design theory can be applied to the area of design of experiments. some of the basic theory of c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorics | [
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combinatorics studies how large or how small a collection of finite objects ( numbers, graphs, vectors, sets, etc. ) can be, if it has to satisfy certain restrictions. much of extremal combinatorics concerns classes of set systems ; this is called extremal set theory. for instance, in an n - element set, what is the la... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorics | [
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finite markov chains, especially on combinatorial objects. here again probabilistic tools are used to estimate the mixing time. often associated with paul erdos, who did the pioneering work on the subject, probabilistic combinatorics was traditionally viewed as a set of tools to study problems in other parts of combina... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorics | [
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##ohedra, associahedra and birkhoff polytopes. combinatorial geometry is a historical name for discrete geometry. it includes a number of subareas such as polyhedral combinatorics ( the study of faces of convex polyhedra ), convex geometry ( the study of convex sets, in particular combinatorics of their intersections )... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorics | [
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ramsey's theorem, and martin's axiom. recent developments concern combinatorics of the continuum and combinatorics on successors of singular cardinals. gian - carlo rota used the name continuous combinatorics to describe geometric probability, since there are many analogies between counting and measure. related fields ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorics | [
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of combinatorics topics phylogenetics polynomial method in combinatorics notes references bjorner, anders ; and stanley, richard p. ; ( 2010 ) ; a combinatorial miscellany bona, miklos ; ( 2011 ) ; a walk through combinatorics ( 3rd ed. ). graham, ronald l. ; groetschel, martin ; and lovasz, laszlo ; eds. ( 1996 ) ; ha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorics | [
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calculus is the mathematical study of continuous change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape, and algebra is the study of generalizations of arithmetic operations. it has two major branches, differential calculus and integral calculus ; the former concerns instantaneous rates of change, and the slopes o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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century europe by isaac newton and gottfried wilhelm leibniz ( independently of each other, first publishing around the same time ) but elements of it first appeared in ancient egypt and later greece, then in china and the middle east, and still later again in medieval europe and india. ancient precursors egypt calcula... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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him to calculate the volume of a paraboloid. india evidence suggests bhaskara was acquainted with some ideas of differential calculus. bhaskara also goes deeper into the'differential calculus'and suggests the differential coefficient vanishes at an extremum value of the function, indicating knowledge of the concept of'... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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been lost in the 13th century and was only rediscovered in the early 20th century, and so would have been unknown to cavalieri. cavalieri's work was not well respected since his methods could lead to erroneous results, and the infinitesimal quantities he introduced were disreputable at first. the formal study of calcul... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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by newton. he is now regarded as an independent inventor of and contributor to calculus. his contribution was to provide a clear set of rules for working with infinitesimal quantities, allowing the computation of second and higher derivatives, and providing the product rule and chain rule, in their differential and int... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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continuing development of calculus. one of the first and most complete works on both infinitesimal and integral calculus was written in 1748 by maria gaetana agnesi. foundations in calculus, foundations refers to the rigorous development of the subject from axioms and definitions. in early calculus, the use of infinite... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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modern mathematics, the foundations of calculus are included in the field of real analysis, which contains full definitions and proofs of the theorems of calculus. the reach of calculus has also been greatly extended. henri lebesgue invented measure theory, based on earlier developments by emile borel, and used it to d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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of earlier mathematicians to introduce its basic principles. the hungarian polymath john von neumann wrote of this work, applications of differential calculus include computations involving velocity and acceleration, the slope of a curve, and optimization. applications of integral calculus include computations involvin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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as a metric space with the least - upper - bound property ). in this treatment, calculus is a collection of techniques for manipulating certain limits. infinitesimals get replaced by sequences of smaller and smaller numbers, and the infinitely small behavior of a function is found by taking the limiting behavior for th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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squaring function turns out to be the doubling function. in more explicit terms the " doubling function " may be denoted by and the " squaring function " by. the " derivative " now takes the function, defined by the expression " ", as an input, that is all the information — such as that two is sent to four, three is se... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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to. the slope between these two points is this expression is called a difference quotient. a line through two points on a curve is called a secant line, so is the slope of the secant line between and. the second line is only an approximation to the behavior of the function at the point because it does not account for w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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, did intend it to represent the quotient of two infinitesimally small numbers, being the infinitesimally small change in caused by an infinitesimally small change applied to. we can also think of as a differentiation operator, which takes a function as an input and gives another function, the derivative, as the output... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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and then taking the sum ( a riemann sum ) of the approximate distance traveled in each interval. the basic idea is that if only a short time elapses, then the speed will stay more or less the same. however, a riemann sum only gives an approximation of the distance traveled. we must take the limit of all such riemann su... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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limit as approaches zero. the symbol of integration is, an elongated s chosen to suggest summation. the definite integral is written as : and is read " the integral from a to b of f - of - x with respect to x. " the leibniz notation is intended to suggest dividing the area under the curve into an infinite number of rec... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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integrals — without performing limit processes — by finding formulae for antiderivatives. it is also a prototype solution of a differential equation. differential equations relate an unknown function to its derivatives and are ubiquitous in the sciences. applications calculus is used in every branch of the physical sci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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which states that the derivative of an object's momentum concerning time equals the net force upon it. alternatively, newton's second law can be expressed by saying that the net force equals the object's mass times it's acceleration, which is the time derivative of velocity and thus the second time derivative of spatia... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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wisc. edu / ~ keisler / calc. html external links calculus made easy ( 1914 ) by silvanus p. thompson full text in pdf calculus. org : the calculus page at university of california, davis – contains resources and links to other sites earliest known uses of some of the words of mathematics : calculus & analysis the role... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus | [
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dogs. for example, different species of monkeys use common signals to cooperate when threatened by a common predator. humans engage in interspecies communication when interacting with pets. for instance, acoustic signals play a central role in communication with dogs. dogs can learn to react to various commands, like "... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication | [
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chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. it is a physical science under natural sciences that covers the elements that make up matter to the compounds made of atoms, molecules and ions : their composition, structure, properties, behavior and the changes they undergo during a reaction ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry | [
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as the activation energy. the speed of a chemical reaction ( at given temperature t ) is related to the activation energy e, by the boltzmann's population factor – that is the probability of a molecule to have energy greater than or equal to e at the given temperature t. this exponential dependence of a reaction rate o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry | [
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of energy quanta emitted from one substance. however, heat energy is often transferred more easily from almost any substance to another because the phonons responsible for vibrational and rotational energy levels in a substance have much less energy than photons invoked for the electronic energy transfer. thus, because... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry | [
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of them are : avogadro's law beer – lambert law boyle's law ( 1662, relating pressure and volume ) charles's law ( 1787, relating volume and temperature ) fick's laws of diffusion gay - lussac's law ( 1809, relating pressure and temperature ) le chatelier's principle henry's law hess's law law of conservation of energy... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry | [
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in elevating the " sacred art " as an independent, fundamental and philosophical discipline in his work the sceptical chymist ( 1661 ). while both alchemy and chemistry are concerned with matter and its transformations, the crucial difference was given by the scientific method that chemists employed in their work. chem... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry | [
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##cquerel as well as the couple pierre and marie curie investigated the phenomenon of radioactivity. in a series of pioneering scattering experiments ernest rutherford at the university of manchester discovered the internal structure of the atom and the existence of the proton, classified and explained the different ty... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry | [
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related, as in medicinal chemistry or neurochemistry. biochemistry is also associated with molecular biology and genetics. inorganic chemistry is the study of the properties and reactions of inorganic compounds. the distinction between organic and inorganic disciplines is not absolute and there is much overlap, most im... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry | [
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again, there is very strong overlap. theoretical chemistry is the study of chemistry via fundamental theoretical reasoning ( usually within mathematics or physics ). in particular the application of quantum mechanics to chemistry is called quantum chemistry. since the end of the second world war, the development of com... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry | [
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##ary of chemistry terms international year of chemistry list of chemists list of compounds list of important publications in chemistry list of unsolved problems in chemistry outline of chemistry periodic systems of small molecules philosophy of chemistry science tourism references bibliography further reading popular ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry | [
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in cell biology, the cytoplasm describes all material within a eukaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, except for the cell nucleus. the material inside the nucleus and contained within the nuclear membrane is termed the nucleoplasm. the main components of the cytoplasm are the cytosol ( a gel - like substance )... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytoplasm | [
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statistics canada conducts a country - wide census that collects demographic data every five years on the first and sixth year of each decade. the 2021 canadian census enumerated a total population of 36, 991, 981, an increase of around 5. 2 percent over the 2016 figure, between 2011 and may 2016, canada's population g... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics%20of%20Canada | [
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2020 – 25 est. ) provinces and territories < onlyinclude > population distribution the vast majority of canadians are positioned in a discontinuous band within approximately 300 km of the southern border with the united states ; the most populated province is ontario, followed by quebec and british columbia. sources : ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics%20of%20Canada | [
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39. 6 years female : 41. 5 years ( 2011 ) median age by province and territory in 2011 newfoundland and labrador : 44. 0 nova scotia : 43. 7 new brunswick : 43. 7 prince edward island : 42. 8 quebec : 41. 9 british columbia : 41. 9 ontario : 40. 4 yukon : 39. 1 manitoba : 38. 4 saskatchewan : 38. 2 alberta : 36. 5 nort... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics%20of%20Canada | [
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ethnic ancestral origins. this response is attributed to a multitude or generational distance from ancestral lineage. ethnic origin according to the 2021 canadian census, over 450 " ethnic or cultural origins " were self - reported by canadians. the major panethnic groups chosen were ; european ( ), north american ( ),... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics%20of%20Canada | [
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decline between 1991 and 1996 censuses attributed to change in criteria in census count ; " the 1996 royal commission on aboriginal peoples used a more restrictive definition of aboriginal ". indigenous population note : other indigenous and mixed indigenous groups are not listed as their own, but they are all accounte... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics%20of%20Canada | [
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one foreign born parent ( first and second generation persons ) could rise to between 49. 8 % and 54. 3 %, up from 44. 0 % in 2021. religion in 2021, 53. 3 % of canadians were christians, down from 67. 3 % in 2011. 29. 9 % were catholic while 11. 4 % were protestant ( all other listed denominations excluding christian ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics%20of%20Canada | [
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which the forestry and petroleum industries are the most prominent components. many towns in northern canada, where agriculture is difficult, are sustained by nearby mines or sources of timber. canada's economic integration with the united states has increased significantly since world war ii. the automotive products t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy%20of%20Canada | [
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mine or source of timber. canada is a world leader in the production of many natural resources such as gold, nickel, uranium, diamonds, lead, and in recent years, crude petroleum, which, with the world's second - largest oil reserves, is taking an increasingly prominent position in natural resources extraction. several... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy%20of%20Canada | [
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that the bank of canada ’ s inflation - targeting has had unintended consequences, such as fuelling an increase in home prices and contributing to wealth inequalities by supporting higher equity values. key industries in 2020, the canadian economy had the following relative weighting by the industry as a percentage val... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy%20of%20Canada | [
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tourism industry, contributing $ 5 billion in profits for canadian governments and employing 41, 000 canadians as of 2001. manufacturing the general pattern of development for wealthy nations was a transition from a raw material production - based economy to a manufacturing - based economy and then to a service - based... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy%20of%20Canada | [
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. the vast athabasca oil sands give canada the world's third - largest reserves of oil after saudi arabia and venezuela, according to usgs. the oil and gas industry represents 27 % of canada's total greenhouse gas emissions, an increase of 84 % since 1990, mostly due to the development of the oil sands. historically, a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy%20of%20Canada | [
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u. s. direct investment in canada totaled $ 406 billion, while the stock of canadian investment in the u. s. totaled $ 595 billion, or 46 % of the overall cdia stock for 2018. this made canada the second largest investing country in the u. s. for 2018 us investments are primarily directed at canada's mining and smeltin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy%20of%20Canada | [
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est. ) telephones - mobile cellular : 36, 093, 021 ( 2020 ) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants : 95. 63 ( 2020 est. ) telephone system : ( 2019 ) domestic : nearly 37 per 100 fixed - line and 96 per 100 mobile - cellular teledensity ; domestic satellite system with about 300 earth stations ( 2020 ) international : count... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications%20in%20Canada | [
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television stations and discretionary services. cable and satellite television services are available throughout canada. the largest cable providers are bell canada, rogers cable, shaw cable, videotron, telus and cogeco, while the two licensed satellite providers are bell satellite tv and shaw direct. internet bell, ro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications%20in%20Canada | [
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: 8. 7 million ( 2012 - 2017 ) percentage of households with internet access : 87 ( 2016 ) total households with high speed connection : 67 % ( 2014 ) total users of home online banking : 68 % ( 2016 ) mobile networks the three major mobile network operators are rogers wireless ( 10. 4 million subscribers ), bell mobil... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications%20in%20Canada | [
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marine comprised a total of 173 ships ( or over ) or at the end of 2007. pipelines pipelines are part of the energy extraction and transportation network of canada and are used to transport natural gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil, synthetic crude and other petroleum based products. canada has of pipeline for transp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation%20in%20Canada | [
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##rt, the ottawa o - train, and waterloo region's ion – while toronto has an extensive streetcar system. the 2016 canada's core public infrastructure survey from statistics canada found that all of canada's 247 streetcars were owned by the city of toronto. the vast majority ( 87. 9 % ) of these streetcars were purchase... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation%20in%20Canada | [
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computing is any goal - oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating computing machinery. it includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and development of both hardware and software. computing has scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological and social aspects. major computing... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing | [
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, which limited them to a number of specialised applications. the metal – oxide – silicon field - effect transistor ( mosfet, or mos transistor ) was invented by mohamed atalla and dawon kahng at bell labs in 1959. the mosfet made it possible to build high - density integrated circuits, leading to what is known as the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing | [
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##angible. software is also sometimes used in a more narrow sense, meaning application software only. system software system software, or systems software, is computer software designed to operate and control computer hardware, and to provide a platform for running application software. system software includes operati... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing | [
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the two devices are said to be in a network. networks may be classified according to a wide variety of characteristics such as the medium used to transport the data, communications protocol used, scale, topology, and organizational scope. communications protocols define the rules and data formats for exchanging informa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing | [
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a team of domain experts, each a specialist in some area of development. however, the term programmer may apply to a range of program quality, from hacker to open source contributor to professional. it is also possible for a single programmer to do most or all of the computer programming needed to generate the proof of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing | [
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to circuit design. this field of engineering includes not only the design of hardware within its own domain, but also the interactions between hardware and the context in which it operates. software engineering software engineering ( se ) is the application of a systematic, disciplined and quantifiable approach to the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing | [
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of computer systems and networks. this includes information and data privacy, preventing disruption of it services and prevention of theft of and damage to hardware, software and data. data science data science is a field that uses scientific and computing tools to extract information and insights from data, driven by ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing | [
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becoming more nearly realizable with the discovery of nanoscale superconductors. fiber - optic and photonic ( optical ) devices, which already have been used to transport data over long distances, are starting to be used by data centers, along with cpu and semiconductor memory components. this allows the separation of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing | [
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could also ease the transition to renewable energy source, since it would suffice to power one server farm with renewable energy, rather than millions of homes and offices. however, this centralized computing model poses several challenges, especially in security and privacy. current legislation does not sufficiently p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing | [
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' ( very ) expansive fields and paddies'| } verb phrase khmer verbs are completely uninflected, and once a subject or topic has been introduced or is clear from context the noun phrase may be dropped. thus, the simplest possible sentence in khmer consists of a single verb. for example,'to go'on its own can mean " i'm g... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer%20language | [
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| colspan = 4 |'he is close to the temple.'| | style = " width : 30 % ; text - align : center " | | | colspan = 2 |'there is a plan.'| } negation is achieved by putting before the verb and the particle at the end of the sentence or clause. in colloquial speech, verbs can also be negated without the need for a final par... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer%20language | [
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text - align : center " | | | he | | to go | | | - | colspan = 3 |'he went yesterday.'| | style = " width : 30 % ; text - align : center " | | | colspan = 3 |'he left.'or'he's already gone.'| } different senses of future action can also be expressed by the use of adverbs like " tomorrow " or by the future tense marker,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer%20language | [
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and also are often softened by the addition of the particle to the end of the phrase. { | style = " width : 35 % ; " | | | | | | | | | | - | | | to be | | place | | | | | - | colspan = 5 |'don't stay in this place.'| } questions there are three basic types of questions in khmer. questions requesting specific informatio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer%20language | [
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a central processing unit ( cpu ) — also called a central processor or main processor — is the most important processor in a given computer. its electronic circuitry executes instructions of a computer program, such as arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input / output ( i / o ) operations. this role contrasts with tha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20processing%20unit | [
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by the speed of the switching devices they were built with. transistor cpus the design complexity of cpus increased as various technologies facilitated the building of smaller and more reliable electronic devices. the first such improvement came with the advent of the transistor. transistorized cpus during the 1950s an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20processing%20unit | [
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) vector processors began to appear. these early experimental designs later gave rise to the era of specialized supercomputers like those made by cray inc and fujitsu ltd. small - scale integration cpus during this period, a method of manufacturing many interconnected transistors in a compact space was developed. the i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20processing%20unit | [
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the advent and eventual success of the ubiquitous personal computer, the term cpu is now applied almost exclusively to microprocessors. several cpus ( denoted cores ) can be combined in a single processing chip. previous generations of cpus were implemented as discrete components and numerous small integrated circuits ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20processing%20unit | [
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be summed in the case of an addition operation ). going up the complexity scale, a machine language program is a collection of machine language instructions that the cpu executes. the actual mathematical operation for each instruction is performed by a combinational logic circuit within the cpu's processor known as the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20processing%20unit | [
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modern architectures ( including embedded ones ) often include hardware performance counters ( hpc ), which enables low - level ( instruction - level ) collection, benchmarking, debugging or analysis of running software metrics. hpc may also be used to discover and analyze unusual or suspicious activity of the software... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20processing%20unit | [
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performance of the memory hierarchy also greatly affects processor performance, an issue barely considered in ips calculations. because of these problems, various standardized tests, often called " benchmarks " for this purpose such as specinthave been developed to attempt to measure the real effective performance in c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20processing%20unit | [
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links. 25 microchips that shook the world – an article by the institute of electrical and electronics engineers. digital electronics electronic design electronic design automation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20processing%20unit | [
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. 5 % of total employment ) in 2016. foreign tourist visits were predicted to have risen from 0. 6 million in 2007 to 4 million in 2017. agriculture and natural resources in agriculture, colombia is one of the 5 largest producers in the world of coffee, avocado and palm oil, and one of the 10 largest producers in the w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombia | [
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s commitment to renewable energy was recognized in the 2014 global green economy index ( ggei ), ranking among the top 10 nations in the world in terms of greening efficiency sectors. transportation in colombia is regulated within the functions of the ministry of transport and entities such as the national roads instit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombia | [
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country in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including people from the former ussr during and after the second world war. many immigrant communities have settled on the caribbean coast, in particular recent immigrants from the middle east and europe. barranquilla ( the largest city of the colombian caribbean ) an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombia | [
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in communications and information processing, code is a system of rules to convert information — such as a letter, word, sound, image, or gesture — into another form, sometimes shortened or secret, for communication through a communication channel or storage in a storage medium. an early example is an invention of lang... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code | [
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##ded to the sequence of source symbols acab. using terms from formal language theory, the precise mathematical definition of this concept is as follows : let s and t be two finite sets, called the source and target alphabets, respectively. a code is a total function mapping each symbol from s to a sequence of symbols ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code | [
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, bose – chaudhuri – hochquenghem, turbo, golay, algebraic geometry codes, low - density parity - check codes, and space – time codes. error detecting codes can be optimised to detect burst errors, or random errors. examples codes in communication used for brevity a cable code replaces words ( e. g. ship or invoice ) w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code | [
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in a corresponding sequence of amino acids that form a protein molecule ; a type of codon called a stop codon signals the end of the sequence. godel code in mathematics, a godel code was the basis for the proof of godel's incompleteness theorem. here, the idea was to map mathematical notation to a natural number ( usin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code | [
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, multi - stage process of converting relatively objective sensory input ( e. g., light, sound ) into a subjectively meaningful experience. a content format - a specific encoding format for converting a specific type of data to information. text encoding uses a markup language to tag the structure and other features of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code | [
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carl linnaeus ( 23 may 1707 – 10 january 1778 ), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as carl von linne, was a swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming organisms. he is known as the " father of modern taxonomy ". many of his writings were in latin ; his name is r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%20Linnaeus | [
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name. he adopted the latinate name linnæus after a giant linden tree ( or lime tree ), in swedish, that grew on the family homestead. this name was spelled with the æ ligature. when carl was born, he was named carl linnæus, with his father's family name. the son also always spelled it with the æ ligature, both in handw... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%20Linnaeus | [
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remarks in his journal that he " read day and night, knowing like the back of my hand, arvidh mansson's rydaholm book of herbs, tillandz's flora aboensis, palmberg's serta florea suecana, bromelii's chloros gothica and rudbeckii's hortus upsaliensis ". linnaeus entered the vaxjo katedralskola in 1724, where he studied ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%20Linnaeus | [
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botany. rothman based this recommendation on the two professors who taught at the medical faculty at uppsala : olof rudbeck the younger and lars roberg. although rudbeck and roberg had undoubtedly been good professors, by then they were older and not so interested in teaching. rudbeck no longer gave public lectures, an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%20Linnaeus | [
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