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This is an encoder-decoder image captioning model made with VIT encoder and GPT2-Hindi as a decoder. This is a first attempt at using ViT + GPT2-Hindi for image captioning task. We used the Flickr8k Hindi Dataset available on kaggle to train the model.
This model was trained using HuggingFace course community week, organized by Huggingface.
Here is how to use this model to caption an image of the Flickr8k dataset:
import torch import requests from PIL import Image from transformers import ViTFeatureExtractor, AutoTokenizer, \ VisionEncoderDecoderModel if torch.cuda.is_available(): device = 'cuda' else: device = 'cpu' url = 'https://shorturl.at/fvxEQ' image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw) encoder_checkpoint = 'google/vit-base-patch16-224' decoder_checkpoint = 'surajp/gpt2-hindi' model_checkpoint = 'team-indain-image-caption/hindi-image-captioning' feature_extractor = ViTFeatureExtractor.from_pretrained(encoder_checkpoint) tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(decoder_checkpoint) model = VisionEncoderDecoderModel.from_pretrained(model_checkpoint).to(device) #Inference sample = feature_extractor(image, return_tensors="pt").pixel_values.to(device) clean_text = lambda x: x.replace('<|endoftext|>','').split('\n') caption_ids = model.generate(sample, max_length = 50) caption_text = clean_text(tokenizer.decode(caption_ids)) print(caption_text)
We used the Flickr8k Hindi Dataset, which is the translated version of the original Flickr8k Dataset, available on Kaggle to train the model.
This model was trained during HuggingFace course community week, organized by Huggingface. The training was done on Kaggle GPU.
- epochs = 8,
- batch_size = 8,
- Mixed Precision Enabled
- Downloads last month
Unable to determine this model’s pipeline type. Check the docs .
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Who is Montana’s biggest landlord? Hint, they’re not local.
One of the hot topics here in Montana is the fact that so many non-Montanans are coming in and buying up acres and acres of land. This, of course, is not very popular with the thousands of locals who continue to see the landscape changing, and according to them, not for the better.
As the migration to Montana continues, we see more apartment buildings, more homes, more businesses, and more people. This can be seen as a double-edged sword: the influx of people can certainly be considered “good for business” here in Montana, but there are also headaches that come with rapid growth.
So what part of Montana is owned by non-Montananese? Well, that’s a hard answer to come by, but we can tell you who the biggest landowner in the state is, and they’re not local.
The largest landowner in the state of Montana is the federal government.
So what part of Montana do the feds own? According to Ballotpedia, just under 30% (29%) of Montana is government owned. While that certainly sounds like a big chunk, Montana doesn’t even make the Top 10 states with the most federally owned land. States like Alaska, California, Idaho, Wyoming, Oregon, and Nevada have much higher percentages of government-owned land.
I guess there are two different ways to look at this. If you’re one of those anti-government folks, you might not be a big fan of the fact that so much of Montana is government owned. However, if you’re anti-people moving here, you must like that almost a third of the state isn’t for sale.
Of course, much of this government-owned land includes Yellowstone and Glacier National Park, which in turn brings millions of people and billions of dollars to Montana each year. Again…a double-edged sword.
WATCH: Stunning vintage photos capture the beauty of America’s national parks
Today, these parks are spread across the country in 25 states and the US Virgin Islands. The land around them was purchased or donated, although much of it was inhabited by natives for thousands of years before the founding of the United States. These areas are protected and revered as educational resources about the natural world and as spaces for exploration.
Keep scrolling through 50 vintage photos that show the beauty of America’s national parks.
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[Security] IE's long good bye
It was bound to happen. Some years back, that upstart Firefox tempted us with tabs, add-ons and fun themes. And it seems like only yesterday that Chrome’s speed and minimalist design seduced us even further. Yes, it was bound to happen.
For the first time in ten years, tech blogs are reporting that Microsoft’s web browser, the ubiquitous Internet Explorer, has fallen below 50 percent of global browser usage (you have to factor in mobile browser usage to make the numbers add up). Once the undisputed leader in market share, residing on an astounding 95 percent of the world’s desktops, browser watchers say that IE is in steady decline.
Whether the numbers work or not, and whether IE’s decline can be attributed more to the rise of mobile browsers, than a migration of users to different browsers, we thought it would be fun to look at which browsers avast! users prefer. Here is a breakdown of browser usage among avast! users this year. Looks like our users are ahead of the trend!
Security reminder: An interesting and dangerous fact is that there is still major usage of old versions of Internet Explorer. IE 6 and 7, which are not supported on any version of Windows, are still used by over 25 percent of Internet Explorer users, which equals a bit over 13 percent of all desktop users. Whether you use Internet Explorer, Firefox or Chrome (or any of the others), to keep your computer secure, please make sure you have the most recent browser version and install any patches that are available.
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Thirteen children aged 15 to 17 killed in an attack in western Niger’s Tillabery region.
Children Bear The Brunt Of Extremists Attacks In Niger
NIAMEY, Niger — At least 37 people, including thirteen children aged 15 to 17 and four women, were killed in an attack in western Niger’s Tillabery region on Aug. 19.
The United Nations International Children’s Education Fund said that it’s deeply shocked and outraged by the terrible attacks against children and families by unidentified armed groups in the village of Darey-dey, in the rural commune of Banibangou, Tillabery region, in western Niger.
“We are saddened to confirm that at least 37 civilians — including thirteen children aged 15 to 17 and four women — were killed and several others were injured,” Marie-Pierre Poirier, the organization’s regional director for West and Central Africa, said in a statement.
“We express our deepest sympathy to the victims, families, and communities impacted by these brutal attacks. It is the third attack that occurred in this village this year. Conditions on the ground remain extremely dangerous for children.”
Insecurity is spreading at a rapid pace in Niger. Attacks in the region of Tillabery, and along the borders with Burkina Faso, Mali and Nigeria have led to significant displacement and continue to wreak havoc on the lives of hundreds of thousands of children.
“In conflict-affected areas, the places children rely on for protection and support — including schools, health facilities, and protection services — have also come under attack.
The organization and others have repeatedly called for the protection of civilians, particularly children and women, and for the respect of international humanitarian law.
“Killing children is a grave violation of human rights. The continuing conflict, repeated attacks, and access restrictions due to insecurity and violence are also hampering our ability to reach those most in need,” said the organization.
Attacks in the region of Tillabery, and along the borders with Burkina Faso, Mali and Nigeria have led to significant displacement and continue to wreak havoc on the lives of hundreds of thousands of children.
Conflict, displacement, food insecurity, malnutrition, recurrent disease epidemics and outbreaks, cyclical floods, and droughts in Niger have put more than 3.8 million people, including 2.1 million children, in need of humanitarian assistance, said the organization.
Attacks in the Lake Chad region have prevented nearly 269,000 people in Diffa, eastern Niger, from returning home. More than 195,000 people are now displaced in the regions of Tillabery and Tahoua in western Niger.
Over 77,000 people who have fled inter-communal violence in northern Nigeria live in the Maradi region, central Niger, and more than 21,000 internally displaced persons.
“As of end of March 2021, Niger hosted a total of 313,000 Internally Displaced Persons, 235,000 refugees, and 36,000 returnees,” said the organization.
Niger is one of the countries in the Sahel targeted by militants linked to Al-Qaeda and the Islamic State group.
Militants killed 15 soldiers in southwest Niger, near the border with Burkina Faso, on Aug. 2.
Before this, armed attackers struck on July 11 struck Tchoma Bangou village in Niger’s restive southwest region near the border with Mali, the government said, killing five civilians, four soldiers.
Forty attackers were killed in the incident.
(With inputs from ANI)
Edited by Amrita Das and Kipchumba Some
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As we all know, some schools are better than others, and some neighborhoods have smarter kids than others. Here’s a chart that puts these two things together in a way that’s pretty dramatic once you stare at it for a while:
Take a look at the two school districts I highlighted. On the left, third-grade students are performing at a kindergarten level. On the right, third-graders are performing at a sixth grade level. That’s an enormous difference, but not necessarily one that you can blame on schools.
But that’s not all. The vertical axis shows progress from third through eighth grade, which is more plausibly related to school performance. In the school district on the left, kids gain only about 0.8 years of achievement for each year of schooling. In other words, they fall even further behind. On the right, kids gain 1.2 years of achievement per year of school. By the time they’re both in eighth grade, one group of kids is performing at a fourth grade level while the other is performing like high school seniors.
Alternatively, take a look at the schools that I’ve circled. Third-graders are performing at third-grade level, so that’s fine. But then they fall off a cliff. Over the next five years they gain only about 0.4 years of achievement per year of school. By eighth grade they’re performing at the level of fifth graders. They’ve made barely any progress at all.
Obviously not all of this is the fault of the school districts. But surely some of it is, and it’s a national disgrace that the differences are so stark. However, what’s really striking about this chart is how random it is: third-grade performance is almost completely unconnected to growth between third and eighth grades. And it’s only weakly correlated with the income level of a school district.
So which school districts do the best at taking third-graders and turning them into eighth graders? Here’s a map:
A few things jump out at you:
- The South does really badly.
- Florida is an almost insane basket case.
- Tennessee is a green oasis in the middle of a desert of purple. Someone should figure out what they’re doing right.
- There are plenty of big-city school districts that also perform strongly. Chicago is bright green. Seattle does well. New Orleans does well. Conversely, Baltimore, Los Angeles, and Atlanta all start off poorly and continue to do poorly between third and eighth grades.
What may be surprising, however, is…the fact that these growth opportunities are at best weakly correlated with early opportunities and with socioeconomic status.
In other words, third-grade scores are probably strongly influenced by poverty and home life, while growth from third to eighth grade is probably more influenced by the quality of schooling. They have little to do with each other:
Growth rates better isolate the contribution to learning due to experiences during the schooling years. Grade 3 average scores are likely much more strongly influenced by early childhood experiences than the growth rates….Some caution is warranted in interpreting the average growth rates as pure measures of school effectiveness. Nonetheless, relative to average test scores (at grade 3 or any grade), the growth rates are closer to a measure of school effectiveness.
If we take the growth rates, then, as rough measures of school effectiveness, then neither socioeconomic conditions nor average test scores are very informative about school district effectiveness. Many districts with high average test scores have low growth rates, and vice versa. And many low-income districts have above average growth rates. This finding calls into question the use of average test scores as an accountability tool or a way of evaluating schools.
And finally, this:
The findings also suggest that we could learn a great deal about reducing educational inequality from the low-SES communities with high growth rates. They provide, at a minimum, an existence proof of the possibility that even schools in high-poverty communities can be effective. Now the challenge is to learn what conditions make that possible and how we can foster the same conditions everywhere.
More research, please.
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I think that one of the most interesting and confusing data types in SQL Server is datetime. I thought that I knew almost everything about the datetime data type, and I've even written some articles about usage of this data type, but lately I have had an interesting problem which showed me that there is more to datetime data type than I thought. In this article, I shed light on one very confusing issue.
One of my SQL Server jobs which runs multiple times per day started failing with this message:
The datediff function resulted in an overflow. The number of dateparts separating two date/time instances is too large. Try to use datediff with a less precise datepart.”
It was strange because function datediff compared the current datetime variable assigned with the getdate() function to the session start time and produced a result in seconds. According to Microsoft BOL, this function returns an integer, which in SQL Server is between (-2,147,483,648) and (2,147,483,647).
Here are the syntax and short explanation of this function.
DATEDIFF ( datepart , startdate , enddate )
Is the part of startdate and enddate that specifies the type of boundary crossed. The following table lists all valid datepart arguments. User-defined variable equivalents are not valid.
An expression that can be resolved to a time, date, smalldatetime, datetime, datetime2, or datetimeoffset value. date can be an expression, column expression, user-defined variable or string literal. startdate is subtracted from enddate.
To avoid ambiguity, use four-digit years. For information about two digits years, see . Configure the two digit year cutoff Server Configuration Option.
As you can calculate the date part in seconds with the function datediff, there is a maximum difference at about 68 years apart between dates. In my case, such a difference is not possible. By reading BOL further, I discovered the next sentence: “If only a time value is assigned to a variable of a date data type, the value of the missing date part is set to the default value: 1900-01-01”.
Here you go. You have more than 68 years between 1/1/1900 and now!!! The system does not throw an error when only the time part is assigned to the variable. I decided to do some experiments with this behavior. First, I tried to check if variable will get validated as datetime if it only has a time.
declare @last_request_start_time smalldatetime = '10:00:00'; select ISdate(@last_request_start_time);
Function IsDate validates this as a proper date. Then, I tried to insert time value into a table column with smalldatetime or datetime data type. SQL Server automatically converts time to a date as you can see below.
declare @tbldate table (tid int primary key, datetimevar smalldatetime); insert into @tbldate (tid,datetimevar) values (1,'10:00'), (2,'1/1/2017'); select tid, datetimevar from @tbldate;
You can see the results in the image below.
Now, if you are going to select the value and use it for something in your application, you will gett the result, but this result is wrong based on the fact that 1/1/1900 is not the date you expect to see and use as the outcome. This is a little bit scary and creates potential data issues.
For example, if, later, I will be using this value to calculate the difference in months between now and stored date, I will have the result back.
select tid, datediff(mm,datetimevar, getdate()) diffInMonths from @tbldate;
But this result is wrong because the real date is unknown. Likely enough, we are using 1/1/1900 as default in many cases, which really represents a NULL (unknown) value. We also have cases across many company databases where 1/1/1900 is a legitimate date. For example, the year the company opened: there are some old companies that were opened on 1/1/1900. Or data about some historical events which happened at New Year of 1900.
In my specific situation, I was able to overcome such a scenario with a case statement because all I need to know is if the difference between requested start date and now is greater than X amount of seconds, so it was fine to treat the field value with time with greater difference than value X if date is really unknown.
Declare @lastbatchsecondsback smallint; Select * from Table1 where datediff(ss, case when cast(last_request_start_time as date) = '1/1/1900' THEN '1/1/2017' ELSE last_request_start_time END, getdate()) > @lastbatchsecondsback;
Are there any way to verify what value was provided in the first place – datetime or only time? What if it is absolutely necessary to know the real date criteria based on business requirements?
I can see only one way to do this: get a value as a string and check it before you store it to the datetime column/variable with something like this:
create function dbo.udfTimeOnly ( @datetimevar varchar(25) ) returns bit as begin declare @bitvar bit; IF len (ltrim(@datetimevar)) <= 8 and charindex(':',@datetimevar) > 0 set @bitvar = 1; ELSE set @bitvar = 0; return @bitvar; end;
Let’s see the result:
declare @var varchar(20) = '10:00:00'; declare @var1 varchar(20) = getdate(); declare @tbldate table (tid int primary key, datetimevar smalldatetime); insert into @tbldate (tid,datetimevar) select 1, CASE WHEN dbo.udfTimeOnly(@var) = 1 THEN NULL ELSE @var END; insert into @tbldate (tid,datetimevar) select 2, CASE WHEN dbo.udfTimeOnly(@var1) = 1 THEN NULL ELSE @var1 END; select tid, datetimevar from @tbldate;
See the image below.
As we can see, we do have the desired outcome. Needless to say that if number of records is huge, this additional check may present some performance issues.
The problem described above is very uncommon. But it could happen if you received data from a third party or your application has a bug. In both cases, it is better to fix the bug instead of creating a checking mechanism.
Unfortunately, in our situation, we were unable to force the third party company to fix the bug and we were stuck with the option to use the checking mechanism.
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Road fuel cost and sustainability - a point of view
Since the beginning of 2021, the price of petrol has increased by 50% (from £1.15 per litre to £1.73). Diesel has increased 58% (from £1.19 per litre to £1.90). Some of the rise is due to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine (about 7% in the case of petrol and 24% in the case of diesel) and the rest is due to other factors including the recovery of economic activity after COVID.
Britain consumes around 41bn litres of road fuel a year. The government states that road transport represented 27% of UK CO2 emissions. Yet the government also makes a lot of money off this activity. It collects VAT at 20% on the base cost of fuel, a levy at £0.575 per litre (temporarily reduced at the moment by £0.05) and then VAT (a tax on a tax) on the levy. In 2021 this represented about £33bn in government revenue between VAT and the Fuel Levy (nearly 3% of national revenues), starting in 2021 as 65% of the cost of filling your tank and currently, 45% with the recent relief granted.
So big business, for oil companies and for the government. The windfall for government since the albeit low start in January 2021 is around £15bn. It currently makes around £680m per week from road fuel-related taxes. Petrol stations invoice around £800m per week although their margins are small. Most goes to the oil companies who have enjoyed a stunning windfall post-COVID and the Ukraine war. And you the consumer are paying the cost.
What is the sustainable angle?
Firstly, it is that road transport is very expensive, subject to external pricing shocks and is a horrible generator of CO2 emissions. Secondly, government benefits hugely from the oil business that is producing so many greenhouse gas emissions and those taxes go to the general tax pot – what is given back for environmental services is tiny. The Autumn Statement of 27th October 2021, following the Net Zero Strategy, committed £620m over the next three years for zero-emission vehicle grants. Put another way, every week the tax taken from road transport is £681m, so the government’s current annual commitment to supporting the acquisition of Electric Vehicles is 2.12 days of its annual road fuel-related revenues. And the government last week announced that it was ending all subsidies on private electrical vehicles so that the UK is now the only major European country without a private vehicle grant scheme.
Conclusions for business
I would suggest the following:
- One of the biggest drivers of supply chain cost increase is the increase in the variable cost of fuel. The huge increase since the beginning of 2021 has to be passed on to clients and customers for every product produced or sold. Every business should sensibly be looking to reduce its liquid fuels exposure if it has not done so already;
- Reduction of your business’s transport emissions is probably among the first three items you should consider in calculating your route to zero. Direct transport costs are Scope 1 emissions that are reasonably easy to calculate. Scope 3 emissions include your supply chains and distribution networks and are more complex to calculate, but there are tools available to help you. Understanding your emissions is vital in starting to move your business towards net-zero. Reducing emissions from transport can also however be a route to financial savings with benefits to your bottom line, customer savings and improvements to reputation and brand image;
- The fuel levy and its associated VAT costs are a tax – although nominally in the name of reducing road miles but really just a common or garden tax. What is returned in the form of better roads and improved emissions figures is significantly lower than the government tax take. About £11bn is spent annually on roads by government. Businesses should be lobbying for a material reduction in the fuel levy and/or a ringfencing of revenues raised from the roads to deliver sustainable transport benefits. Government could be supporting electrification of transport on a materially more significant basis given its huge revenues from carbon fuel use;
- Businesses should move all personal and business travel to electric vehicles as the savings are substantial. The annual cost of peak domestic electrical rates for a car doing 10,000 miles per year at 25 watts per mile is around £700 per annum. At current prices of £1.90 per gallon of diesel, at 50mpg, the annual fuel cost is £1,448 (at government average national fuel consumption levels it is £3,824). Even without incentives, the savings from moving to electric are substantial.
In September, there will be a Kent IoD members’ event on the current state of the commercial vehicle section of electric vehicles with presentations by local and national experts, and vehicle providers for membership education in converting commercial fleets to electric.
Author: Michael Bax, IoD Kent Ambassador for Sustainability
This is a guest blog which contains the views of the author and does not necessarily represent the views of the IoD.
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Washing your pan with soap will strip the seasoning off, exposing the iron to air and rust will appear, and likewise cleaning soap absorbed in the pores will give soapy taste to food. Because cast iron heats so simple you dont need high heat unless searing aka browning meats. Low heat reduces sticking and potential to leach iron into the food. The lesson is that NON ACIDIC meals like pancakes,eggs, sausages, meatballs and the likes will leach little if any iron.
- I normally add one other skinny layer of oil after washing the pan to keep up that polymer surface.
- The dough should form a type of a tornado inside the mixer because it kneads–coming away from the edges entirely, but nonetheless related to the bottom.
- For instance, a pansexual may be drawn to a person who may identify as transsexual or intersex.
- For Pan-Africanists, similar to Edward Wilmot Blyden, a part of the call for African unity was to return the diaspora to Africa, whereas others, corresponding to Frederick Douglass, referred to as for rights of their adopted countries.
Little distinction in Epan will occur the place the inside and outdoors surfaces of the pan are painted white. An improve in Epan of up to 10% may happen when they are painted black. The materials from which the pan is made may account for variations of only some p.c. Under some circumstances not accounted for in the tables, the introduced Kp coefficients may need some adjustment. This is the case in areas with no agricultural development, or where the pans are enclosed by tall crops. Not sustaining the standard colour of the pan or installing screens can affect the pan readings and will require some adjustment of the pan coefficient.
Get Much More Translations For Pan »
Christian theists increase quite a lot of critiques of panentheism. Experiential critiques query the ability of panentheism to provide a God worthy of worship . One response to this critique is to query the definition of “worthy of worship”. Brian Leftow suggests that any definition of God as meriting worship includes a conceptually appropriate object that’s conscious of the world and being superior to the world in some way . A carefully related experiential critique is that the panentheistic God is unable to guarantee a future good. While panentheists agree that human freedom logically precludes God’s prevention of future evil that results from human choice, many affirm that God’s response to unpreventable evil is that God suffers with the particular person suffering evil. However God’s suffering with an individual doesn’t supply any assure that evil will be overcome.
Entity engaged by a merchant or different entity to deal with payment card transactions on their behalf. While cost processors typically provide acquiring services, cost processors are not thought of acquirers unless defined as such by a cost card model. Process by which an entity’s methods are remotely checked for vulnerabilities via use of handbook or automated instruments. Security scans that embody probing inner and external methods and reporting on companies uncovered to the community.
Climate Change Could Trigger Irreversible Impacts To Lake Ecosystems
I am totally convinced that these demonic movies are being produced to promote the spirit of pedophilia, which is inseparable from homosexuality. I’m not saying that every homosexual is a pedophile; BUT, many definitely are. This FACT is clearly evidenced by the staggering number of homosexual Catholic monks who’ve been discovered guilty of molesting kids.
By iding specifically as pan for that cause you’re only additional pushing the stereotype that bi people are transphobic. That’s like saying I would id as a lesbian however they’re stereotypes as terfs so I’m simply gonna call myself .
Pan For Overseas Citizens
Raphael Lataster challenges Göcke’s limitation of the excellence between classical theism and panentheism by claiming that panentheism’s rejection of divine immutability distinguishes panentheism from classical theism . Göcke rejects this distinction as failing to acknowledge https://married-dating.org/liketocheat-review/ that spatial references aren’t enough in coping with metaphysical somewhat than physical or logical necessity .
If the above picture offends you, then cease and contemplate how a lot Pan is praised, revered and featured in the music and films that society adores. Please learn thisexhaustive examine regarding the infatuation which Aleister Crowley had with the pagan god Pan, and the sexually immoral nature of Pan.NARNIA features Pan and a little woman alone in his residence. It’s really creepy and weird stuff.Crowley is revered in the music trade, infamous for sexual orgies, weird intercourse acts and sodomy.
Peter Pan Syndrome: When Individuals Just Cannot Grow Up
An electric skillet can be used analogously to an electric deep fryer, and many of those gadgets have a thermostat to keep the liquid at the desired temperature. While anyone can show assist for pansexual people in their day-to-day lives, it’s more about proper education. As with any sexuality, it’ll range significantly from person to person, however because pansexuality isn’t but a generally understood concept, individuals may be much less prone to acknowledge that’s precisely the sexuality that fits them at a younger age. The kinds of panentheism participate in inner criticism. Clayton and Steven Crain emphasize the dependence of the world upon God quite than the dependence of God upon the world though they preserve that God is influenced, and altered, by the world. They criticize understandings of God that restrict God by making God topic to metaphysical ideas. Griffin emphasizes the regularity offered by metaphysical principles.
A individual’s asexuality could have an effect on the connection, or it will not be a factor at all. Asexual is the lack of sexual attraction to others, or a low curiosity in sexual activity https://accountant-chicago.com/four-tips-for-chicago-couples-to-make-money-and-marriage-work-together/. Some folks contemplate asexuality to be their sexual orientation, and others describe it as an absence of sexual orientation. Thorne, who beforehand came out as bisexual, stated she actually identifies as a pansexual.
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Old Ordnance Survey Maps of Kent
These detailed maps normally cover an area of about one and a half miles by one mile. Each map includes an introduction.
They are available through our On-line Mapshop
Here are the details of maps for Swanscombe:
Kent 10.05 Swanscombe 1907 - published 2022; intro by Pamela Taylor. ISBN.978-1-78721-531-3
This detailed map covers the village of Swanscombe and the western tip of Northfleet.
Features include St Peter & St Paul's church, Sweyn's Camp, Milton Street, Swanscombe village with individual buildings neatly shown,
quarries and chalk pits,New Barn, Ebbsfleet, Northfleet House, Northfleet station etc.
The map links up with sheet 10.06 Northfleet to the east.
For other maps in Kent see our Kent Series maps. For other information and prices, go to The Index Page.
Maps in the Godfrey Edition are taken from the 25 inch to the mile map and reduced to about 15 inches to the mile.
For a full list of maps for London, return to the London page
The Godfrey Edition / firstname.lastname@example.org / 5 May 2022
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If you have a lot of songs in iTunes but you are not sure of the exact number, the following guide should teach you how to see how many songs you have in iTunes on your computer. It’s a pretty easy procedure and read on to learn how to do it.
iTunes is an application used by millions of users everyday to store, manage, and play your favorite music tracks. If you have the app installed on your computer, you are likely using it for your music management and to play your music tracks. If the app has been there for a long time, you may have added a number of music tracks to it without ever counting the number of those tracks.
Sometimes, you may want to just figure out how many songs you have in the app on your computer. Maybe you need to tell someone of the number of songs you have in iTunes or maybe you need the number for your own information. Either way, you are going to need to find the exact number.
The following guide is all about how you can find out the number of music tracks you have in iTunes on your computer. Follow it and you will get an exact number for it.
Before you move any further with the number checking procedure, the first thing you will want to do is download and install the latest version of the iTunes app on your computer. Older versions may have issues in them so it is highly recommended you get the new version for yourself.
Once you have updated the iTunes app on your computer, all you need to do is click on a few options in the app and it will let you see the count of your music tracks in the app. It is extremely easy to do that and the following shows exactly how you do it on your computer.
Step 1: Launch the iTunes app on your computer by double-clicking on the app icon on your desktop (Windows) or searching for and clicking on iTunes in Launchpad (Mac).
Step 2: When the iTunes app launches on your computer, you need to first enable the left sidebar so you can access your songs. Click on the View menu at the top and select Show Sidebar to enable the sidebar.
Step 3: When the sidebar shows up, you will find several options in the sidebar. Click on the option that says Songs to view all the songs you have in iTunes.
Step 4: When you are on the songs screen and you can view all of your songs, click on the View menu at the top and select Show Status Bar. It will enable a status bar at the bottom of your screen.
Step 5: In the status bar at the bottom, you will find the number of songs you have in iTunes on your computer. You will also find the runtime of these songs and the memory space they occupy on your computer.
As you can see, it is pretty easy to find the number of music tracks in iTunes on a computer.
While the above method lets you check how many songs you have in iTunes, it does not tell you the number of songs you have on your iPhone. Fortunately, there is a method available to help you find it out.
You do not need to install a third-party app on your iPhone to be able to find out how many songs you have. All you need to do is tap on a few options in the settings menu and you should find what you are looking for.
Let’s check out how to do it on your iPhone:
Step 1: Launch the Settings app from the springboard of your iPhone. When the app launches, tap on the option that says General followed by About.
Step 2: On the about screen in settings, you will find an entry saying Songs and a number next to it. The number next to the entry is the number of music tracks you have in the Music app on your iPhone.
That is how you use the Settings to find out the number of songs you have on iPhone.
If you ever need to find how many songs you have in iTunes or iPhone, the above guide provides you with some easy methods to help you find what you are looking for. We hope it helps you find your music quantity on your devices.
Product-related questions? Contact Our Support Team to Get Quick Solution >
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Section of Semitic Philology
The section specializes in bringing up Arabic translators and interpreters. It is the only department in Slovakia which offers an opportunity to study the Arabic language and culture and provides courses at all levels of university studies. The Bachelor’s programme aims to help students master the basics of Arabic necessary for reading newspaper articles, simple literary texts and oral communication. The Master’s studies focus on more detailed theoretical orientation in linguistic, translation, literary and historical disciplines.
Oriental languages – particularly Arabic, Hebrew and Aramaic – began to be taught at the Faculty of Arts in 1929. Prof. J. Bakoš was the first instructor to teach them. He had studied in Göttingen, Germany, and got his associate professorship from Charles University in Prague, under the guidance of Prof. Bedřich Hrozný. In 1945 he opened a special Semitic School for these language disciplines. In the early 1950s the Semitic School was incorporated into the Department of Classical, Romance and Semitic Philology. In 1956 courses in Semitic philology got listed under the Department of Hungarian and Semitic Philology and they focused only on Arabic (its literary language and spoken varieties). From the 1976/1977 academic year onwards, Semitic Philology was taught at the Department of Classical and Semitic Philology again.
In 1953-1995 L. Drozdík worked at the department, from 1992 in the capacity of Professor in Arabic Linguistics and head of the department. After November 1989 the department embarked on building extensive academic relations with European and American universities. A person who has made the department’s activity more visible at international level is J. Pauliny, who was appointed Professor in Non-Slavic Studies (Oriental and Arabic studies) in 1997. Prof. J. Pauliny initiated active collaboration with the Institute of Oriental Studies of the University of Vienna, where he also worked as a lecturer in 1991-1996. The department also established intense contact with research centres in Germany (Universität Heidelberg), France (Collège de France) and Italy (Università degli Studi D’Orientale). Since June 2009 the section has been involved in “Comparative Oriental Manuscript Studies”, a five-year international research networking programme funded by the European Science Foundation.
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Turkey Citizenship Program
Overview of Turkey
The secular democratic Republic of Turkey was founded in 1923, has strategically taken its place in Eurasia. Unlike many past and closed socialist economy, Turkey has a deep-rooted history dating back to 1920. Turkey is located between the Asian and European continents, with a land area of 783,600 km2 and a population of 82 million people. Turkey is considered the largest country of the region of any European state in terms of territory, population, and land area. Indeed, Turkey is always a popular destination for leisure, business, and health because of the combination of natural landscapes and historical sites, as well as world-class health facilities and hospitals, in addition to the thriving business destinations and great hotels. Turkey, with a GDP of around $ 800 Billion, 15th largest GDP-SAP, as well as the world’s 16th largest economy, has become one of the youngest economies.
Citizenship by Investment Program of Turkey
Turkey has begun to grant Turkish citizenship to foreign investors as Turkish Citizenship regulations have been further amended to encourage foreign investment in 2017.
After initially setting the investment threshold at US $1,000,000 the Turkish government reduced it to the US $250,000 in 2019 to make the CBI more attractive. The Turkey Citizenship by Investment Scheme provides one of the fastest and simplest ways to secure a second passport.
Which Family Members Can Be Added in the Same Turkey Citizenship by Investment Application?
- Dependent children under the age of 18
- Dependent children over the age of 18 only obtain Turkish citizenship if they have a disability or require care.
Citizenship and Passport Benefits of Turkey
- Visa-free access to over 110 countries and territories, including Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong, and Singapore
- No residency requirements meaning you can secure Turkish citizenship entirely remotely
- Free medical care is available to all Turkish citizens
- Easy access to the US E-2 Visa scheme whereby Turkish citizens can relocate to the US and set up a business
- Turkish citizenship is for life and hereditary as descendants under the age of 18 automatically become Turkish citizens
- Free school and university education
Turkish Citizenship Through Real Estate Investment
Turkey Citizenship Through Bank Cash Investment
Turkey Citizenship Through Job Creation
Turkey Citizenship by Investment Cost
How to Qualify for Turkish Citizenship?
- Main applicant must be 18 years of age or older
- Applicants must have no criminal record
Reach us to learn all about Turkey Program, Application Details and Visa-Free Countries
FAQ’s About Turkey Citizenship
How can I get Turkish citizenship?
Can I get Turkish citizenship by buying a house?
What are the benefits of Turkish citizenship?
Apart from Visa-free access to over 110 countries and the US E-2 Visa scheme, allowing you to relocate to and start a business in the United States, a Turkish passport also opens the possibility of setting up home and business in the United Kingdom.
Turkish citizens also have life-long access to free medical care and free social service on retirement, as well as free education for their offspring in Turkey.
As the world’s 16th largest economy, Turkey is a vibrant nation with over 60,000 international businesses trading there and a population average age of just 31.5.
Applying for and securing Turkish citizenship is straightforward and quick. Within as little as two months, you can become a Turkish citizen.
How strong is the Turkish passport?
How long does it take to get Turkish citizenship?
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Other Citizenship by Investment Programs
Portugal Golden Visa
Portugal residency program is one of the most sought-after due to the ability to apply for citizenship after 5 years without the need to reside in the country.
Cyprus Golden Visa
Cyprus residency Permits can be obtained in just two months, making this one of the fastest and simplest investor visa programs in Europe.
Spain Golden Visa
Greece Golden Visa
Greece Residency program is known for offering the lowest cost residency among the European residency by investment programs.
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Harold and Lillian: A Hollywood Love Story
Harold and Lillian Michelson are not known in the lexicon of Hollywood notables. Not known, that is, to the average movie bear. But, to the people that actually make the movies we have loved, the dynamic duo was responsible for the success of the many films they worked on, together or separately. In an industry where marriages come and go, theirs is “Harold and Lillian: A Hollywood Love Story.”
Laura's Review: A-
When Harold Michelson returned from WWII, he thought his younger sister's 17 year-old friend Lillian a smarty pants, but it wasn't long before he proposed, asking her to move from Miami to California with him. Looking for an avenue for his drawing talent, Harold soon found work as a story board artist. Years later, Lillian began to volunteer at a Hollywood research library, their work informing each others for sixty years in "Harold and Lillian: A Hollywood Love Story." Writer/director Daniel Raim probably wasn't trying to dynamite the auteur theory in his beautifully constructed documentary, but seeing Harold's story boards for such films as "The Graduate" and "The Birds" is a startling reminder of just how many people contribute to the making of a film, even those, as in Michelson's case, who go uncredited. Raim's enchanting documentary is a treat for both film lovers and romantics. Someone should snap up the story of Harold and Lillian's marriage for a feature film. Heck the story boards are already done! Harold and Lillian Michelson may not be known to most film goers, but they have long been regarded as invaluable resources within Hollywood ("Shrek 2's" King Harold and Queen Lillian are an homage to them). One of the first anecdotes we hear comes from Mel Brooks, who tells of how Howard suggested putting actual white balls on the heads of his "Spaceballs" characters (Brooks had planned on regular helmets), one of the comedy's signature visual puns. His storyboards for the scene of John Huston falling against a giant flag on a skyscraper in "Winter Kills" is so striking, one wishes for their very own prints. Lillian theorizes (the two are shown separately in interviews, the lively Lillian still with us) that it was Harold's experiences in the glass nose of his WWII bomber planes that shaped his cinematic eye, and indeed we see that Harold didn't stop with camera angles, even noting which lens to use. It was decades before Harold's contributions were finally realized for what they were when Dalton Trumbo hired him as his production designer for 1971's "Johnny Got His Gun." He would later be Oscar nominated for "Star Trek: The Motion Picture." Lillian, too, was responsible for the historical and cultural accuracy of such films as "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?," "Full Metal Jacket" and "Reds," although she says her favorite film to research was "Rosemary's Baby." When Lillian was asked about Jewish women's underwear in the 1890's, she solved the absence of reference material by hanging out at Canter's Deli to chat with older customers. In 1969, when Lelia Alexander, the woman Lillian volunteered for, was retiring, she suggested Lillian buy the library. Lillian couldn't afford to, but convinced Harold to borrow from his life insurance policy and moved to the American Film Institute. Later Francis Ford Coppola brought her and her reference works to his Zoetrope Studios, where she became its beating heart, her library its social hub (of the many famous people who hung out there Lillian's remembrance of Tom Waitts is the funniest - 'Everything that came out of him sounded like a police confession'). Her Rolodex is pictured, someone noting it was the size of a tire. Lillian would move twice more, first begging for space at Paramount after Zoetrope's bankruptcy, the being courted by Dreamworks Studios. Throughout their rich and rewarding professional lives was their marriage, Raim illustrating it in three phases with Harold's humorous chalk and ink drawings. Better even than those are the numerous handmade greeting cards Harold presented to Lillian over the years. Lillian shows us them gathered together in the personal book one of their children created, another priceless bit of creativity one wishes would be published commercially. But family life wasn't all sunshine. We hear about the sexism Lillian faced when 7 months pregnant while working for the phone company she was told she was 'an affront to the eye' and fired. Seeking treatment for her autistic son in the 1960's, she was told by doctors she was a 'refrigerator mom. She had her share of struggles with Harold as well, who went into a deep depression after shattering his leg when the set he was standing on collapsed. It was Lillian who drove through the alps in a snowstorm to get Harold's spirits up by getting him back to work (on "Cross of Iron"). Harold Michelson passed away in 2007, but Lillian's still going strong, albeit in a Hollywood retirement home. Daniel Raim's loving tribute is essential for any fan of cinema. Grade:
Robin's Review: B+
In the tradition of such pot toking comedies as Cheech and Chong’s “Up In Smoke” and “Nice Dreams” and the inimitable Jeff Spicoli (Sean Penn) in “Fast Times at Ridgemont High,” sophomore filmmaker Danny Leiner (“Dude, Where’s My Car?”) brings us a stoner road movie that is a goofy, funny comedy and takes the time and effort to inject some thoughtful social statements against racism, bigotry and intolerance. But, “Harold and Kumar” is, first and foremost, a ribald comedy and writers John Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg have devised a fast-paced yarn that holds a kinship to Martin Scorsese’s offbeat “After Midnight” as well as the aforementioned stoner flicks. The two leads are very different personalities with Harold uptight and neat and Kumar the irreverent, party-loving smart ass. Cho and Penn do a solid job anchoring the film as H&K decide to go in search of the illustrious title restaurant after smoking a big doobie and seeing a commercial for the luscious burgers. The quest is at hand. The journey our heroes take brings them to all parts of New Jersey as they score some more pot at Princeton, meet a pair of British coeds with a penchant for bathroom toilet duels, are harassed by a gang of skateboarding head bangers, face arrest, meet Neil Patrick Harris of “Doogie Howser, M.D.” fame and have the actor steal their car. And these bits are just the tip of the iceberg with a rabid raccoon, an escaped cheetah, a boil-covered tow truck driver and more wackiness thrown into the mix, too. Helmer Leiner and his scribes keep things moving along at a fast clip so if you don’t like a joke or gag you won’t have to wait long for the next. ”Harold and Kumar” also offers social commentary against racism, prejudice, justice and bigotry but never taking itself too seriously. The filmmakers keep you laughing and thinking at the same time. The cast supporting of “Harold and Kumar” is a wacky and eclectic collection of characters. David Krumholtz and Eddie Kaye Thomas are entertaining as H&K’s Jewish stoner neighbors, Goldstein and Rosenberg. Anthony Anderson is amusing as a disgruntled Burger Shack employee. Christopher Meloni gets to go way over the edge in gross out humor as tow trucker Freakshow. Gary Anthony Williams effectively plays a well-educated, pragmatic black philosopher used to the abuse of “The Man,” sharing a cell with Harold at one point during the long night. Harris gets good mileage playing himself in a not-so-flattering, but highly amusing, light. Pretty Paula Garces, as Maria, is the attractive object of desire for Harold and symbolizes his greatest challenge, during a night of many, by the end of the film. “Harry and Kumar Go to White Castle” may or may not become a comedy classic. Time will tell. Its goodhearted, good-natured let’s-get-high philosophy certainly has a lot to say about smoking pot and the silliness of its illegality – at one point H&K watch a “Marijuana Kills” public service commercial that is a stroke of satiric genius. It is nicely crafted combination of slapstick humor, satire and social statement that is sure to have, at the very least, a sizable cult following and hopefully beyond.
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In making this digression on the fate of the lost State, my desire has been to set out fully the situation that the Federal Government was called upon to face during the three first days from September 23 to 25. The few broken wireless messages, such as that brought to them by my friend Turnbull, warned the authorities that a major calamity had overwhelmed Western Australia. Sydney was in ruins, and stories of destruction of Newcastle and Port Kembla added to the ill tidings had thrown the people into a condition bordering on panic. Then over all came the report of the landing force at Port Stephens, the extent of which was at the moment unknown. Silence from Darwin added to the list of misfortune the certainty that it, too, the gateway by air, was in the hands of the enemy.
Messages from Britain warned the Government that the heart of the Empire was threatened, and that for some indefinite time there could be no hope of assistance to regain control of the sea that had been lost in the Naval reverse at Singapore. Our own naval force was bottled up in Sydney Harbour, and even had it been free, the immense superiority of the enemy made its value negligible.
To face the threat to our freedom as a race, was a militia force spread over the entire Commonwealth at a strength on paper of 35,000 men. From this had to be deducted all available in Western Australia, and probably those in Queensland, also. It was clear that if the enemy made good its footing at Port Stephens, an effective use of help from Queensland units would be greatly restricted, if not entirely prevented. Even though the men were available, difficulties in maintaining contact and an adequate supply of arms were almost insuperable.
Even in the first three days our small but precious air force had suffered irreparable loss. Only one machine survived the sabotage of the Richmond air force. And the loss at Port Kembla and Newcastle had reduced the remainder by 14 effective machines.
The only bright spot in the otherwise unbroken gloom was the knowledge of the enemy’s loss of one of its two great plane carriers. This was due to the splendid devotion of Squadron Leader James Garside. In the consternation that reigned when the shattered hangars were examined after the early morning explosion at Richmond, the certainty that the cause was foreign and not of local origin was manifest. Later, while discussions on the situation were in progress by telephone with headquarters, the first air raid on the forts was reported. The necessity for preserving, as far as possible, our fighting planes intact, decided headquarters not to throw the plane away. One machine against such odds could effect no damage, and its loss was certain.
It was at this juncture that Garside submitted a use for the plane, and volunteered to carry it into effect. It was evident from the strength of the air attack that one or more aircraft carriers formed part of the enemy force. These were being kept well out to sea for safety, being among the most vital and vulnerable of the enemy’s units. Garside suggested that the heaviest blow that could be struck, and one by which the defence would most greatly benefit, was the destruction of one of these aircraft carriers.
He, however, pointed out that an attempt to bomb the carrier was uncertain of success, and even a direct hit might do no more than cripple it temporarily. He then offered to take the sole remaining machine up with the maximum possible load of high explosives. With this he should fly southwards towards Jervis Bay, and then out to sea at low altitude, only turning north when he was well behind any possible enemy observation. Then, when finally he was able to sight the fleet, to crash his plane on or against the aircraft carrier.
To gain such a result the certainty of death, he claimed, could not, and must not be considered for a moment. He put forward his offer quietly, and in matter of fact tones, as though it had been a mere question of routine, and retired to await the decision.
Finally, Headquarters accepted the sacrifice, and the man least moved by the decision was Garside himself. In conference with the commandant at the aerodrome, the plan was discussed in detail. It was decided that the plane should leave Richmond, so that its flight southwards, seaward and the turn north should be completed at, as nearly as possible, after sunset. The idea was that the plane, flying in from the east, would itself be in a bad light, while the enemy fleet would stand clear against the light of the setting sun. Garside’s own plan was that, on sighting the fleet, he should fly low, barely above the water, in order if possible to strike the hull of the carrier just above the water line, if possible, amidships.
His contention was that the method of attack would be the least likely to be expected, and anticipated by the enemy. The speed of the bomber would reduce the chance of an effective hit to a minimum if they sighted him in time to open fire. In the final analysis the locality and position of the fleet, and especially of the plane carrier, were unpredictable, and he therefore must be free to act for the best results the situation offered when he reached his objective.
That afternoon Garside took off with his load of destruction, going to his death with a smile and a wave of the hand as though starting on a routine peace flight.
I have already told how, about sunset on the Saturday evening, a deep boom of an explosion was heard in Sydney from far out to sea. At the time an anxious group of watchers on North Head saw a momentary blaze of light from below the horizon, that heralded a sound as though of thunder, that came drifting across the water.
As it reached their ears, the watchers rose to their feet, facing seaward, silent and at the salute. A man had died!
[On the authority of officers of the Paramount Power, Marsden states that Garside’s attack was so sudden, and its method was so unexpected, that the enemy had no time to guard against it. When they first heard its approach all eyes were turned upwards, but the bomber roared in on them from the east almost invisible in the evening light, only a few feet above the water. It charged in at a terrific speed, and hit the aircraft carrier just above the waterline almost amidships. The ship blew up and sank instantly, carrying with it 100 planes, and all but three or four of its personnel. They admitted the seriousness of the blow, but expressed warm admiration of the self-sacrifice that effected it. — Eds.]
But the situation that faced the Government demanded something more than individual heroism. By Monday morning there was none in authority who did not recognise the grimness of the task, owing to the extent to which those first blows had crippled our resources, and shaken the morale of the people.
All plans for defence were based on the supposition that the Commonwealth would have had several weeks’ warning of any probable outbreak of hostilities. Not even the lesson of the Austrian crisis early in 1938, when a declaration of war was hourly expected, taught the authorities the truth that war could break out over night from a clear sky. The one eventuality for which no provision had been made was on them.
At the very least, six weeks would be necessary to mobilise and prepare troops to take the field even under the most favourable conditions. Now, with one State completely lost and beyond help, and with the enemy in actual occupation of a strategic post on the east coast, the call for action had come.
The call had not come to a country intact and corporate, but to a people shocked by major disasters, with a great centre of population, and one vitally important, in ruins. The destruction of Sydney had meant the disorganisation of plans that depended on that city for men who had been slain, and for essential arms and munitions that had been irreparably lost. The fleet had lost its flagship with all its crew, and the remaining units were as useless for action as if they had never existed.
The only branch of the defence force ready for action, the air arm, though strong in personnel, was even at its best too weak for the terrific task that had been thrust upon it. Plans for bringing the strength of fighting planes up to an adequate number had not been completed. In the first three days almost one quarter of its effective strength had been lost. Despite the destruction of one enemy aircraft carrier, the enemy had sufficient fighting strength on the second to meet the Australian air force on equal terms. But from first Newcastle Waters, and then from Charleville, had come news of large flights of planes bearing the red diamond on a black square. Of these 55 had been sighted moving south-east. It was evident that the enemy was being reinforced from Darwin for the losses it had sustained.
Confronted with this situation the Government had recognised that by no possible means in its power could it replace its lost fighting planes. Its aircraft factories were incomplete, and had they not been, they were short of essential materials.
It was imperative, therefore, that the air force at the disposal of the defence authorities must be rigidly conserved. Nevertheless, it was as imperative that the extent of the enemy’s force at Port Stephens should be ascertained without delay.
But, of all the disasters, the news of the enemy’s landing at Port Stephens was that which caused the Headquarters Staff the gravest concern — all the more because of the absence of detail. The first report had been received in Melbourne on Monday morning, September 25. It came from the postmaster at Karuah, at the extreme north-west of the inlet. It announced that six enemy destroyers had entered Port Stephens; the fleet, with a large number of transports, was close outside, and after shelling Nelsons Bay, men from the destroyers were landing. The terror-stricken inhabitants were flying from the district. After that there was silence.
A small squadron of private planes, hastily organised at the Mascot aerodrome, was sent north. These were piloted by officers from the Richmond aerodrome, but not one returned. Later in the day, three air force scouts departed on a similar mission of reconnaissance. Shortly after they passed the Hawkesbury River, they reported by wireless that they were being attacked by enemy aircraft. That was their last message.
It was not until Tuesday morning about 2 o’clock any more definite news was received. It was telegraphed by a resident of Port Stephens, Martin Hancock, a former Major of the A.I.F. He had succeeded in remaining hidden during the whole of Monday. Knowing the fate of Newcastle, when the lightkeeper at Stephen’s Point had given the alarm that the fleet was approaching, settlements round the port had been promptly evacuated. Most of the refugees had made eastward to Morpeth or East and West Maitland, where the news they brought spread panic.
Hancock reported that the troopships entered the Harbour, which had been examined by destroyers and planes. Soldiers had also been disembarked from the warships outside the heads by destroyers. The troopships had anchored in Salamander Bay. In all their movements the enemy seemed to be entirely familiar with the locality. He believed that two brigades with mechanised artillery were disembarked.
Only four troopships had entered the harbour, the rest, of which he counted twenty-two, remained outside with the fleet. During the whole operation at least two squadrons of planes were circling over the port. Towards dusk, leaving one cruiser outside and four troopships and three destroyers in the harbour, the fleet had turned southward. Hancock, who had left a motor cycle at Salt Ash, succeeded in passing through enemy posts along the Anna Bay Road. He did not reach Salt Ash until midnight, when he made across to the Booral Road through Williamtown, arriving at West Maitland an hour later, and dispatched his report.
It is ironical that a base that had been planned as an Australian naval station, and never used, should have been chosen by the enemy to gain its first foothold in the east.
Hancock’s message deepened the anxiety at Headquarters, for the departure of the fleet with the remaining troopships foreshadowed another landing elsewhere.
That the anxiety was warranted was confirmed dramatically on the morning of Wednesday, when two messages reached Melbourne almost simultaneously. The first, from Wallsend, announced that enemy troopships were at the wharves in Port Hunter, and that the ruins of Newcastle were occupied. Troops were already moving along the Maitland Road. The second was wirelessed from H.M.A.S. Adelaide. It was brief, but, brief as it was, it bore tidings of immeasurable disaster. The cruiser was in a hot engagement with enemy aircraft, and was being shelled from outside the harbour. At the same time, landings were being effected at Manly, Coogee, and Bondi beaches.
It is difficult for those who were not present to understand the feelings of General Mackinnon, the Commander-in-Chief, and the General Staff, when confronted with these messages. They and the members of the Council of Defence alone understood their purport. And at the same time they foresaw the inevitable result. The order for general mobilisation had been given on September 23. On this morning of Wednesday, the 27th, the movement was still incomplete. Two days more, at least, would be required to collect the widely-scattered units. And until then it was impossible to offer an effective opposition to the enemy.
On paper, the trained forces of the Commonwealth on a peace footing amounted to 35,000. With Western Australia and Queensland out of the picture, and with the crash of the New South Wales organisation, there were only actually three infantry brigades at the Commander-in-Chief’s disposal. At most he could depend upon two artillery brigades. There was one incomplete armoured car regiment, and an inadequate though efficient engineering and army service corps to complete the force at his command. At the most, less than one complete division of 16,000 men.
Already the strategic plan of the enemy was sufficiently developed for the Commander-in-Chief to realise what he had to expect. The first raid on the east coast was intended to prevent any interference with the enemy operations for consolidating their hold on the west. Now, the landings at Port Stephens, Newcastle, and Sydney disclosed the intentions of striking at the heart of Australia — that vital area, between Newcastle and Port Kembla, inland from the 150 miles of coastline. If a circle of 100 miles in diameter is drawn with Helensburgh, just south of Cronulla, as a centre, the arc, running through Newcastle and inland as far as Bathurst, encloses an area, the possession of which means the possession of Australia. It was for this paramount area that the enemy was undoubtedly striking.
It was clear that a third landing was intended at Port Kembla.
Were that effected, the three forces, working in conjunction, must succeed. Within the area lay some of the richest country in minerals and agriculture in the Commonwealth, and every essential line of communication.
The only hope of fending off the inevitable third blow lay in the air force.
It was not until long after that I heard any detail of those momentous conferences in Melbourne that took place on September 27. Despite the Prime Minister’s call for the assembly of the Federal Parliament in Canberra, it was found that the probable attendance could not exceed 30 members. In view of the urgency of the case, the venue of the session was changed to Parliament House, Melbourne. Canberra was too exposed and too far away from Headquarters. The Victorian capital became the seat of Government.
It was at Parliament House, too, that the Defence Council met, and here it was that, on the afternoon of September 27, General Mackinnon stated the naked truth to the Cabinet. The story was told me by a former Minister, just after the news of the decision of the Berlin Congress was made public — late in 1941. He related how a scared House had met, and in half an hour had passed an emergency appropriation of £250,000,000 — “might as well have made it £250,000,000,000 for all the good it did us,” he added. “Great Scot! What mugs we were.”
The Minister for Defence told the House all he knew, and that was precious little. But he assured them that by Christmas time we would have 100,000 men equipped and in the field. Preparations were being made for offsetting the loss of the Broken Hill Proprietary steel works and those at Kembla, by manufacturing in South Australia and Melbourne. He admitted we would be short of steel supplies for the time being. But he assured the members that there were ample supplies of infantry and artillery ammunition.
But it was the gloomiest session he had ever attended. More than a dozen members, including the Leader of the Opposition, had been killed on Bloody Saturday. The Minister confided to the House that the situation must be regarded as grave. But he was firmly of the opinion that the enemy could not reinforce what he called their “filibustering expedition.” While the loss of life and the damage done was deplorable, he was sure that within a short time the invaders would be driven into the sea.
When the House adjourned McKinnon was asked to meet the Cabinet to discuss the position. It was then that, as my informant put it, “we got it right in the neck.” He didn’t make any bones about it or beat about the bush. He said, “Mr. Prime Minister, I have just issued an order sending the entire air force at our disposal to the South Coast of New South Wales. An attempt at a third landing at Kembla is inevitable. If that landing succeeds I doubt if we can save Australia. As things are there is no other form of opposition I can offer.”
They were all pretty worried faces in the room, but as he spoke they grew paler still.
“We must recognise that Western Australia is already lost, but I do not anticipate any attack from that quarter ——”
“But why not? ——” broke in the Prime Minister.
“Because, sir, it would not be worth their while. They know quite well the hole we are in.”
No one spoke.
He went on. “With all the men I can gather from Victoria and New South Wales, with a mixed brigade from South Australia, I cannot muster a full division.”
Again he paused.
“None of those troops is hardened or fully trained for service. The possibility of this emergency and the peril from the lack of man power have been placed before successive Governments who have disregarded the military representations.”
“We can have 100,000 men trained and equipped by the end of the year,” said the Minister for Defence.
“Mr. Prime Minister. I am afraid the enemy will not give us until the end of the year before forcing a decisive engagement.”
“You mean ——”
“I mean, Sir, that the enemy are already at Maitland and Parramatta. To-morrow they may be in Mudgee. But by that time Lithgow will most certainly have gone, and possibly Moss Vale, if not Goulburn. We must face the facts, Sir. If the air force cannot stave off that landing at Kembla, they will be over the Victorian border in a week.”
It was the Minister for Defence who spoke. “A rather unusual pessimism for a Commander-in-Chief. Perhaps you can give us some grounds for your er — depressing prophecies.”
The stocky figure swung round. He was not a man who suffered fools gladly, and he had been working 20 hours a day since the 23rd. The effort with which he bit back the first words that came to his lips was evident, as he glared at the speaker.
“Yes!” he snapped. “You shall have my reasons. But first, let me tell you all, that I, or any other military officer, who gave you an optimistic estimate of our situation should be shot as a traitor.
“I have less than a division of insufficiently trained troops. It will be two days, at least, before I am in a position to move. The manner in which the enemy have moved from the time the first shot was fired indicates that they are thoroughly sure of their ground and their plans. Just as they knew of the gun emplacements on our forts so they know to a man our weakness. Do you imagine for one moment, with the advantage they have gained already, that they will give us an opportunity to enroll and train a thousand men, much less one hundred thousand?”
He stood up and pushed his chair back, and leaned forward with his hands on the edge of the table. “Listen, Gentlemen! From what we can gather, I am convinced they have already landed at least one division at Newcastle and Sydney each. They left Port Stephens with twenty-two troopships, apart from the men they may be carrying on their naval units.
“We do not know, beyond the fact that they have mechanised artillery and tanks, what their strength of mechanised units may be. But —— from the perfection of organisation and preparedness they have already exhibited, I am convinced they are much stronger in them than we are.”
The group round the table was silent as he walked over to a map on the wall.
“The one great urgent factor is to stop the progress of the enemy so as to allow him no time to consolidate his positions as he moves towards the Victorian border. When I said he would be across in a week, I was too optimistic. This is Wednesday, and I doubt if we have until Sunday.
“Gentlemen,” he said, sweeping his hand to the map. “They have now a practical possession of the New South Wales railway system, and of all the arterial highways and their mobility is assured.”
“But surely we can delay them by blowing up the railway bridges and destroying all petrol supplies on the line of march?” came a voice from the table.
Mackinnon returned and took his seat. “As Commander-in-Chief, my answer is, ‘yes.’ That course would effect some delay. But the answer to the problem is yours — not mine.”
“Problem?” queried the Prime Minister.
For answer, the General took a packet of papers from his pocket. “These are telegrams from Singleton, Cessnock, Liverpool, and other places. Every one of them tells the same story of ruthless slaughter of civilian population in the occupied districts. Every town or settlement they reach is subject to a systematic terrorisation. Age or sex makes no difference. They are sweeping ahead of them a vast, panic-stricken horde of refugees as they move south. These are using every possible form of transport. Some, of course, are moving west out of the line of march. Nevertheless all roads are congested with an uncontrolled traffic.
“You must visualise the situation clearly, Mr. Prime Minister. The evident intention of the enemy is to force you, the Government of this country, to accept their terms at the earliest possible moment. To do this they have adopted a policy of ‘frightfulness.’ They believe a terror-stricken people will force your hands, or that you will submit in order to stop the slaughter. If we cut the communication and destroy the petrol supplies on the line of advance, we condemn those refugees to death. Or, if not all, the greater number of them.
“Gentlemen, that decision rests with you. Thank God! It is not mine.”
“But, surely,” the Prime Minister said, “they will not dare to shock the civilised world with such crime. We have been able to establish communication with the Government of the United States. The report of such an infamy must move them to intervention.”
“That is a purely political matter,” replied Mackinnon. “If I venture any opinion at all it is that, judging from former actions of Washington, any optimism would be misplaced. In any case, intervention would be a matter of weeks; our problem is one of hours. If the enemy have considered such a factor at all, they have offset it in a determination to achieve a fait accompli.”
“You can offer no alternative?” came a voice from the table.
“None!” Mackinnon stood up, and looked round the strained faces. “I must advise you from the military situation alone. As regards the petrol problem I think it will solve itself. Investigation we have made in the past proves that the normal road supply would be entirely inadequate to meet an urgent demand for military purposes. The crowds rushing south will have drained every supply station in the line of advance. Possibly the enemy have made provision for their own supplies.”
“And the bridges?” The Minister for Defence asked.
“The destruction of the bridges must delay them — but not for long. It is you who must decide whether to cut that line of safety for the refugees. I have already given orders to all local authorities to try to turn the line of flight to the west. And I have dispatched a strong party of engineers by road. They are to reach as closely as possible to advanced parties of the enemy, and to cut the roads and bridges in any useful positions behind the fugitives.”
“When must you act?” The Prime Minister’s voice was unsteady as he spoke.
“Every hour — every minute counts. Apart from the assumption that the nearest enemy unit is only a little more than 200 miles from Albury — at Lithgow — there is the other factor of an attack and occupation of Kembla and Wollongong. If they strike there — and there is nothing to oppose them — they will move through Moss Vale and Goulburn to the vital road and rail junction at Cootamundra. That will result in cutting off all refugees north of that line. That would be an appalling situation, but not the worst aspect of it.”
“Could anything be worse’?” said the Prime Minister bitterly.
“Can you not realise what it would mean,” Mackinnon pointed to the map. “If they reach Cootamundra they are in possession of the entire vital area of Australia. With that in their hands ——”
He turned from the map and regarded them in silence.
“You mean that we’re ——” The Prime Minister did not put the thought into words.
“Nothing short of a miracle can save us.” Mackinnon’s voice carried a finality that left no room for argument or dissent.
“Have you formed any plans, General?” It was the Minister for Defence who broke the stunned silence in the room.
“So far as is humanly possible,” said Mackinnon grimly. “You must recognise the fact that the military initiative is entirely in the hands of the enemy. We can only try to anticipate his tactics, but we are positively on the defensive. But I must warn you, gentlemen. I should be failing in my duty if I attempted to minimise the critical nature of our position.”
“Let us hear the worst, rather than temporise with probabilities. We must know what we have to face.” The Prime Minister spoke for the gathering.
“You will need all your courage, gentlemen, but I do not doubt that. I only hope the people will display the same fortitude, for they, too, will be called upon to face the crisis of Australia’s history within a very few days.”
He resumed his seat and spoke quietly but decisively.
“In striking with synchronised attacks at both east and west, the enemy, who is fully conversant with our weakness, aimed at dividing our small force. We have already decided that any attempt to aid Western Australia by land is hopeless, and impracticable. I must jealously guard our small force for the desperate needs of the Eastern States.
“Queensland is hopelessly cut off, so we must rule out any hope of help from that quarter. Tasmania is isolated, though I am risking drawing one battalion of trained men as a reinforcement. When I say ‘risking,’ I mean that I am bringing them across from Burnie to-night to land them, I hope, in Portland to-morrow morning. But the possibility of the enemy sending destroyers to the Bass Straits is so great that I would not have done it had not the demand been so urgent.”
“What about Tasmania, General?” someone asked.
“Tasmania’s fate will be ours, in any case. They will not bother with the island or with Queensland until they have settled with us. Neither can offer any resistance — and the enemy know it.
“Gentlemen, we can only guess at the strength opposed to us, but I fear it is not less than three divisions: say, 48,000 men. But should it be only two, that is, 36,000 all told; the gravity of our position is not much improved. They are moving down to the Victorian border with all the speed they can muster. They know well that there are no means by which we can oppose them, and they know too that they can hold salient points in occupied territory with very small detachments. That is one of their objects in terrorising the country and cowing the civilians.
“I could move up to meet them over the New South Wales border, but believe me, gentlemen, it would take 100,000 troops to cope with the possibilities of their advance to Victoria. My base is here, and there are only too many ways in which they could hold me, while they outflanked me and came in on my rear. And moreover I cannot — dare not — divide my force.”
He held up his hand as the Prime Minister moved as though to speak. “Permit me to finish first, Sir. If I should move north, they may, and probably will, land behind me on the Victorian coast-line at Western Port. The longer their line of march from any one of their three landing places in New South Wales, the more their vulnerability increases. They know they must meet me, and they will do it at the first possible moment.”
“Their only possible line of advance is at one or more of the rail crossings at Albury, Corowa, Yarrawonga, or Tocumwal, but by any or all of these routes they must converge finally on Seymour by road or rail — and it is at Seymour my force is lying. If I do not go to meet them they are compelled to seek me out.”
“Seymour!” exclaimed the Prime Minister.
Mackinnon nodded. “It is the furthest point from their bases I can choose, and the one that will diminish their fighting strength to the greatest extent. Remember we will he fighting on ground we know, and I dare not choose a spot nearer Melbourne.”
“It seems a desperate chance, General.”
“That is what I want to impress upon you all,” Mackinnon said impressively. “It is desperate! but I am convinced that it is our only chance.”
“And if we fail ——”
“If we fail ——” The level gray eyes took in the silent group. “If we fail, then we reap our fools’ harvest. I use the expression without any personal implication. The fools are the entire population of this country, who have been warned again and again, and would not heed the warning.”
“And if you stop them?”
Mackinnon shrugged his stocky wide shoulders and smiled. “It will give us breathing space — but remember this! It will give them breathing space. Don’t misunderstand the situation. I am convinced that they have heavy reinforcements on the way. There is nothing in the Pacific to interfere with their communications. They can withdraw to the north, and consolidate and come again. The battle, even if we are successful, will weaken us too much to permit us to follow up any advantage.”
“You mean to tell us, then, that we must risk everything on one desperate throw, and if we lose it means unconditional surrender?”
“Exactly! All that would be left would be a useless guerilla warfare. It would do nothing more than enrage the enemy and make conditions harsher.”
“I may say, gentlemen,” he added, “that what I have told you is the considered opinion, not only of myself but of my staff.”
Never were there a sicker body of men than the eight Cabinet Ministers who listened to Mackinnon’s news. The utterly preposterous event that they and their predecessors had been warned of had actually happened. All the anxious questions they put to him only emphasised the acuteness of the peril.
None knew better than Mackinnon the almost hopeless task with which he was confronted. He had been forced to make a heartbreaking decision. He had to abandon New South Wales, and face a trained and elated army with half-trained and raw men. His only hope lay in that his men, who would be fresh, and fired by a spirit of high courage, would meet an army, tired by long marches, and who would fight on unfamiliar ground. But even so, he knew in his heart, that even if victorious, he must be eventually the victim of overwhelming numbers.
That night the Cabinet learned that the Government of the United States had protested against the slaughter of helpless civilians in Australia, and had received from the enemy’s Ambassador an emphatic assurance that the civilian population were being treated with consideration and a spirit of conciliation.
That night the Defence Council learned that the enemy had effected a landing at Port Kembla and Wollongong. Though two troopships had been sunk, only seven Australian fighting planes were intact.
At the same time came news of the first attempt at resistance on land by a hastily formed body of some fifty civilians, who, recognising the situation, made a desperate attempt to check the advance over the great bastion of the coastal ranges. They knew that the best line the enemy could take to reach the plateau was through the Macquarie Pass that winds down the precipitous face of the towering rampart of rock.
Arming themselves with shot guns and sporting rifles they piled into cars with all the explosives they could obtain. Half of them were experienced miners. Selecting a spot some third of the distance from the top of the pass they began feverishly to drill holes for their gelignite. An hour later they knew of the approach of a train of motor cars. Some fifteen or twenty went past filled with refugees who cried that the enemy were close behind.
They had left a guard of a dozen men on the bend below that on which they were working. A few minutes later an outburst of fire below warned them of the arrival of the enemy. A tree that had been cut through was hurled across the road by a charge of dynamite. While a dozen workers strove desperately to complete the drill holes that had been begun, the main body, from concealment in the undergrowth opened a steady fire down the pass. But under cover of a raking fire from machine guns the enemy moved up. As the fire of the defenders slackened the chatter of machine guns and the roll of rifle fire increased.
Seeing the attack must succeed, the charges were hastily inserted and exploded in an attempt to effect, at least, some damage. With the roar of the blast some hundreds of tons of rock were flung thundering down the mountain side. There was a momentary silence of firing as the mass of boulders went roaring and crashing among the timber — then it broke out again as the defenders began their retreat to the cars that they had left higher up.
It was a gallant but ineffectual attempt, for the road was only partially closed. As the first car sped round the next hairpin bend it was sighted by the enemy. It got through, but the next was swept with machine gun bullets and blocked the progress of those behind. The rest made a gallant fight to the end. The face above was too steep to climb. Though the men in the first car tried to cover their escape, the position was hopeless. They fell to the last man. Only one carload of six men lived to carry the news to Moss Vale that the enemy held the head of the pass.
The net was closing in.
That night, too, orders were issued for the removal of all inhabitants, live stock, and food supplies and fodder from the triangle formed by the railway, with Mangalore at its apex, and with the Murray at between Albury and Tocumwal as its base.
With the orders went another to the Field Company of Engineers to prepare all the bridges across the Murray in that area for demolition.
Erle Cox, Fools’ Harvest, Melbourne: Robertson and Mullen, 1939, pages 82-100
[Editor: Changed “Everyone of them” to “Every one of them”; “but beleve me” to “but believe me”.]
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It's hard to be a model ...By Vika https://pictolic.com/en/article/its-hard-to-be-a-model-
It's hard to be a model ... Fashion houses, trying to be original, increasingly organize their shows in rather atypical places. In recent years, car dumps, carousels, beaches, and aquariums have acted as a catwalk ... Models sometimes have to work in difficult, if not to say, extreme conditions. See the unusual catwalks or catwalks that have been fashion shows in recent years.
1. The Great Wall of China became the catwalk during the show of the new Fendi dress collection on October 19, 2007. (Photo: DAVID GRAY / REUTERS).
2. The French lingerie label "Maison Close" has "turned" the Amsterdam canal into its catwalk. Models in lingerie, despite the cool weather, staged a fashion show on a pleasure boat. May 25, 2013. (Photo: CRIS TOALA OLIVARES / REUTERS).
3. Karl Lagerfeld unveils his Fall / Winter 2010-2011 Haute-Couture collection under a glass dome near the impressive statue of the golden lion, Paris, July 6, 2010. A ready-made plot for the most beautiful wallpaper. (Photo: BENOIT TESSIER / REUTERS).
4. A podium in the aquarium was set up to display the "Adidas by Stella McCartney" swimwear from the Spring / Summer 2014 collection during London Fashion Week, September 17, 2013. (Photo: SUZANNE PLUNKETT / REUTERS).
5. “Luxurious Poverty” or Junk Yard Catwalk, Cavalera Summer 2012/2013 Collection, Sao Paulo Fashion Week, June 16, 2012. (Photo: NACHO DOCE / REUTERS).
6. Defile at one of the stadiums of the American Football League. Tommy Hilfiger Fall / Winter 2015 show at New York Fashion Week on February 16, 2015. (Photo: ANDREW KELLY / REUTERS).
7. The Marc Jacobs collection was presented directly on the escalators in one of the malls as part of the women's ready-to-wear fashion show of the Louis Vuitton fashion house, during Paris Fashion Week, October 3, 2012. (Photo: BENOIT TESSIER / REUTERS).
8. Podium on the carousel. Marc Jacobs Spring / Summer 2012 collection for Louis Vuitton, Paris Fashion Week, October 5, 2011. (Photo: BENOIT TESSIER / REUTERS).
9. The streets of Paris once again turned into a place of demonstrations and barricades, but only for the time of the show of the collection of the French fashion house Chanel. Paris Fashion Week, September 30, 2014. (Photo: GONZALO FUENTES / REUTERS).
10. "Beach Girls" or the catwalk right on the beach. American couturier Tommy Hilfiger's Spring / Summer 2014 collection at New York Fashion Week, September 9, 2013. (Photo: LUCAS JACKSON / REUTERS).
11. Models “shop”. Fashion show of the Chanel fashion house, during which the French Grand Palace in Paris turned into a "Chanel shopping center". Paris Fashion Week, March 4, 2014. (Photo: STEPHANE MAHE / REUTERS).
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Being truly a bit that is little regarding the introverted part may be tough. Whenever most people are clamoring to stay out late, go out in huge teams, or satisfy a lot of brand new individuals, being extroverted begins searching good. In reality, other individuals who don’t realize introverts might begin presuming reasons for having them, either through stereotypes or by watching their behavior.
There clearly was many more happening beneath the area, but, and lots of misconceptions about introverts which should be broken:
“Shy” is just a term that is general call people that are quiet, don’t open in crowds, and possibly also a small bit afraid of social relationship. This does not protect the story that is whole of. The core to be a means that is introvert energized when you’re alone and being drained when you’re around others. Just because some body is an introvert doesn’t make her frightened of being around other people. Alternatively, it is something which occurs in. It really is a lot more of an interior power shift that occurs when an introvert is enclosed by individuals perhaps maybe not currently admitted to her safe place.
Real introverts that are blue on their own challenged to simply slide their method into sets of individuals or even to hit up conversation arbitrarily. Their nature urges them to merely stick to by themselves. While some may understand this and genuinely believe that the introverts feel better than other people, it really isn’t true. It simply means they aren’t comfortable within these circumstances; remember, they’re the ones getting their power drained by big teams. You’d be uncomfortable, too.
Hatred of Being Personal
As previously mentioned, there clearly was a“circle that is distinct of people that are not any longer into the power drain category for introverts. Which means an introvert is totally with the capacity of being just like noisy and fun as any extrovert, but only if with this specific people that are“safe they truly are confident with. Socializing because of the group that is right really provide plenty of good power to an introvert. But, bringing also one complete complete stranger to the team may cause an introvert to retreat back to her safe place, therefore keep this in your mind.
Comfortable Where They Have Been
In the event that you seem confident and easygoing in an organization, odds are good which you’ve caught an introvert’s envious eye. The simple notion of reducing into a strange selection of people may be a challenge that is extreme even to the level to be painful for some introverts. That does not suggest which they don’t sometimes need to allow you to including by themselves during these circumstances.
There’s perhaps not air that is just empty around between an introvert’s ears! simply because she’s sitting quietly does not mean that she’s not so active mentally. Deep ideas are usually running all the way through the introvert’s head at any offered minute. Noise weighty? It really is! All of this reasoning enhances the trouble of leaping into a combined team of men and women. an introvert’s thoughts are extremely effective, and very often an babel profiles introvert thinks way too hard about a scenario (“What should we state? Must I smile more frequently? What exactly is he considering?”). This will make it difficult to flake out and allow the good power movement.
Dispose of your entire labels the next time you meet anybody of every age groups whom might seem snobby or timid to you personally. As with any people, introverts require understanding. Be respectful associated with the reality we all need a little love that we are all different, and. Therefore be friendly (in a relaxed, unintimidating method) to a higher introvert you meet. Or that you are unique, special and perfect just the way you are if you are an introvert, smile knowing.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://lafarinatagourmet.es/5-misconceptions-about-introverts-study-truth-5/
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The Biosphere is a narrow contact zone of land, water and air.
Biosphere is an ecosystem of the earth where land, water, air meet to interact with each other to support life. It is also known as Ecosphere.
It is in this zone that life exists. It has several species of organisms that resides in biosphere.
It is made of three parts (lithosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere).
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://getvoice.org/1457/the-_____________-is-a-narrow-contact-zone-of-land-water-and-air
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This session will explore The Arts in the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) providing participants with an opportunity to explore the reforms to the EYFS becoming statutory from September 2021. Nicola will share information regarding EYFS documents and will clarify the statutory requirements and relevant materials. Participants will have an opportunity to look at guidance such as Development Matters, Musical Development Matters and Birth to Five Matters, the documents related to the learning and development of children from birth to 5 years old. The session will provide an opportunity to go through some myths surrounding the EYFS and ‘curriculum’ as well as provide an opportunity for participants to reflect upon their own practice in relation to children’s learning and development.
The session will involve a presentation, time for questions and discussions.
This Zoom training will support
- Specialist practitioners who work in any art form including music, dance, theatre, visual and digital arts
- Generalist practitioners who work in the Early Years sector
Booking closes 5pm on Thursday 2 September 21
The event is part of a series of events linked to our new Paul Hamlyn Foundation funded Making and Believing Early Years Creativity programme.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://takeart.org/event/the-early-years-foundation-stage-the-arts-and-the-new-eyfs-reforms-with-nicola-burke
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00264.warc.gz
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A lifeline on the trip of a lifetime
How do you get young travellers to take an interest in their right to consular protection?
With a fun geo-localised social media campaign that delivers the right information at just the right time
Consular protection: not something most of us think about when packing our passport and sun cream for an adventure abroad. It’s certainly something most of us hope we’ll never need. Truth is though it could be a lifeline if things go wrong, and it’s best to know what help we’re entitled to before we leave.
EU citizens benefit from extended consular protection when they’re outside the EU: if their country doesn’t have an embassy or consulate where they are, then another EU country must step in to help. DG Justice and Consumers wanted young travellers to know their rights and asked Tipik to create an online campaign for summer.
We targeted 18-35 years old at two key points: when they were preparing their trip online and just before they left. The campaign was made up of two components:
- Google Display Network ads using keywords and banners.
The ads targeted people from the EU searching travel sites for countries outside the EU.
- A paid geo-localised social media campaign on Snapchat, Instagram and Facebook based around 14 European airports.
By using geo-localisation we were able to hit our audience with the information when they needed (just before flying) and when they were likely to be looking at social media (bored in the departure lounge).
We produced a series of light-hearted animations for social media to drive home the relevance of consular protection in three different situations:
- an accident
- when something is stolen
- when you lose your passport
These were A/B tested on the three platforms to optimize results on each. An Insta Experience provided more information with a quick ‘Swipe up’ and directed the user to a fully interactive infographic with more facts and figures.
We delivered the message at the right time and in the right tone, showing holidaymakers that an emergency abroad doesn’t have to turn into a crisis.
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<urn:uuid:3b2dd638-a754-49c5-9eee-8901163409b4>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://tipik.eu/works/a-lifeline-on-the-trip-of-a-lifetime/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00264.warc.gz
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en
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Kraftelektronik - komponenter och omvandlare
The growth of humanity, from less than 2 billion in the end of the 19th century to over 7 billion in the beginning of the 21st century is strongly related to our ability to use energy. The use of fossile energy cause severe problems with the environment and is truly challenging the future of man kind. We strongly need I) to reduce our use of energy and II) to transfer from fossil and probably nuclear to renewable energy sources.
This is where Power Electronics is important. Independent of primary energy source, a lot of our use of energy involves electric energy technology. Manufacturing, transport, lighting, ventilation, heating, electricity transmission, physics research, ... all involve one or several steps where the energy is converted to electricity before finally consumed. In addition, renewable energy sources like wind, wave and solar are entirely dependent on conversion of the primary energy source to electricity as an intermediate state before finally consumed.
In most, if not all, of these applications the energy is converted by means of switching power electronics converters built by power semiconductors and controlled in real time by very fast control systems. The development of modern power electronics started half a century ago and is today developing faster than ever before. As an engineer with ambitions to work with, or just understand the fundaments of, electric energy conversion and control, it is important t study power electronics - it is involved "everywhere" in electric energy flow control.
This course is given to provide a deep understanding of the technologies involved, the requirements and limitations, the opportunities and to give the understanding and tools to help those who want to contribute to the development.
The course is built on lectures, exercises and labs. There are 6 labs that all are prepared within the Matlab/Simulink environment such that you by the computer get a chance to understand the dynamic behavior that you will se on instruments in the lab.
Nivå: A (Avancerad)
Undervisningsspråk: Kursen ges på begäran på engelska
- Kursplan - på Kurswebben LTH
Information och kursmaterial för dig som läser kursen finns på lärplattformen Canvas
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.lth.se/iea/utbildning/valfria-kurser-i-lund/kraftelektronik-komponenter-och-omvandlare/
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Sometimes victory even when not pyrrhic can still seem to be bittersweet. The cancellation of an anti-Semitic, anti-Zionist exercise in propaganda masquerading as a college course at the University of California, Berkeley has received its appropriate share of praise.
But I would submit that mixed in with this praise for the university administration doing the right thing might be a certain amount of dissonance.
The inheritance of freedom of thought and expression was not achieved in the West without great sacrifice over centuries. There was a time in America when most college students had at least a passing acquaintance with J.B. Bury, A History of Freedom of Thought, and an appreciation for the great legacy of freedom they inherited.
Those days are long gone. They have been replaced by a pedagogy steeped in ideology and propagated with contemptible and zealous ignorance. An anti-intellectual environment flourishes on campus, where pedagogy is based on a binary worldview of exploiter and exploited.
In my day, activist professors frequently concealed their activism in the classroom because to announce it would impede the idea of the quest, however imperfect, for truth. Now, professors wear their activism on their syllabus and flaunt their status as some sort of victim. If their demography prevents them from being perceived as victims, they can announce their identification with any of the omnipresent categories that serve the purpose.
I remember a university that no longer exists and whose idea of governance was found in the lines of C. P. Snow’s The Masters, where the competition for the master of a Cambridge University college spins into a cycle of normative deterioration, only to be halted by a senior faculty member who reminds everyone that the allegiance to civility is more important than who wins office.
It was unimportant whether professors actually achieved objectivity and civility. What was important is that they aspired to do so. Now, the aspiration itself is spurned as irrelevant.
The idea that a course based on hate and filled with lies could have even a glimmer of a chance of being offered is an affront to Western Civilization’s march toward freedom. But also, the idea that even such a course had to be cancelled causes us to reflect on how universities are no longer the keepers of our cultural heritage.
Certainly, those who protested the course will now be denounced as fascists, McCarthyites, or by the most recent insult hurled by the Left, Trumpsters.
Although shutting down a course is not an action to be taken lightly, this was not a course. It was propaganda masquerading as knowledge. Even its advertising decal showing the “shrinking” state of the non-existent Palestine, using maps that MSNBC long apologized for as fictitious, was a blatant act of insipid and juvenile misinformation.
The idea of a university, the institution that John Henry Cardinal Newman said in his seminal work should promote not only wisdom and knowledge but freedom of thought, no longer exists. It was exploited first by the Left to incorporate those that had been previously excluded to give vent to their narratives even when they were bogus, and then by a whole host of self-proclaimed victims who exploited the traditions of Western freedom to manipulate the curriculum for the purposes of propaganda. None of this had anything to do with a university as an institution dedicated to the pursuit of truth and what it was supposed to accomplish in expanding the intellectual horizons of its students.
So who are the real fascists? The people who speak up against imposing propaganda on a captive or unknowing audience? Or those who think they have a right to mock our long struggle for freedom by manipulating it to advance their jaundiced narrative. When street orators stand on soapboxes and call for the revolution, they have a constitutional right to do so. In the classroom, that right ceases to exist.
Academic freedom is not a license to teach the world is flat, the moon is made of green cheese, and their historical and social science equivalents. It is not a license to teach hatred, as this course certainly was. It is not a means for those who do not appreciate our cultural inheritance of freedom of thought to exploit it for their own dastardly purposes.
Cancelling a real course is an exercise in dissonance. Cancelling a propaganda session masquerading as a course is an attempt to return to the very ideal that Cardinal Newman held for the university.
Abraham H. Miller is an emeritus professor of political science, University of Cincinnati, and a distinguished fellow with the news and public policy nonprofit, Haym Salomon Center. Follow @salomoncenter
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<urn:uuid:c0c85cec-d0c2-4ae0-8386-f36b4e1da3a3>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://observer.com/2016/09/uc-berkeleys-cancelled-anti-semitic-course-is-a-win-and-wake-up-call/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00264.warc.gz
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en
| 0.971409
| 946
| 1.601563
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|
Message of Hope
The New Year is here and a new age is about to come. In order to create a new age in the world, we have to make an effort to renew ourselves. To renew means to remove, to merge, everything that happened in the past – even things that happened two hours ago. Say goodbye to the old year. Remain in the present, and you will understand what it is you need to do for the future. This time in history is most valuable. Have deep, fervent interest to use time in a worthwhile way. Pay attention to the quality and quantity of your thoughts. Accumulate acts of charity and inculcate divine virtues in your lives.
In the new year celebrate by having good wishes for one another. Congratulate each other for efforts each one is making to renew their life and to benefit the world. Wherever we are, we need to create a spiritual atmosphere that spreads in the world.
“How can I possibly even work on creating this newness, when I’m already so busy?” Visualizing your newness and plans for spiritual change in your mind helps achieve them in real life. This mental rehearsal helps us to completely believe in our ability to achieve a desired goal in real life.
As Harvard-trained psychiatrist Dr. Srini Pillay puts it: “It’s now a well-known fact that we stimulate the same brain regions when we visualize something as when we actually do it.”
Here’s a simple 3-step visualization method to accomplish anything what we put our minds to:
Everything starts in the mind. Start by looking within on the screen of your mind. This is your movie, your script. You are the main actor. Clearly picture yourself in vivid detail successfully achieving your specific goal.
Note the feelings you get when your goal becomes your reality.
After watching your movie, write down your goal in a notebook to cement it in writing. Repeat this process every day as many times as you wish!
The best time to connect with Godly power and practice is in the early morning. We are fresh, in solitude, and the vibrations of the world are at their calmest. This first half hour of soul conscious awareness will be the foundation of your day. Meditate in soul consciousness, and invite the Spiritual Supreme Sun to shine newness into your heart and mind. You’ll be surprised by the difference it makes. Since we are rising, we might as well shine!!.
PV Bookshop link: https://www.peacevillageretreat.org/all-books.html
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<urn:uuid:db297ff9-93f0-4d9f-85c5-30435da66006>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://bkdailynews.org/message-of-hope-renewing-the-self-in-new-year/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz
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en
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|Title||Loss of a 20S proteasome activator in Saccharomyces cerevisiae downregulates genes important for genomic integrity, increases DNA damage, and selectively sensitizes cells to agents with diverse mechanisms of action.|
|Publication Type||Journal Article|
|Year of Publication||2012|
|Authors||Doherty, KM, Pride, LD, Lukose, J, Snydsman, BE, Charles, R, Pramanik, A, Muller, EG, Botstein, D, Moore, CWood|
|Date Published||2012 Aug|
|Keywords||Antineoplastic Agents, Cell Nucleus, Diploidy, DNA Damage, Down-Regulation, Endopeptidases, G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Genomic Instability, M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Molecular Chaperones, Mutation, Oxidants, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Up-Regulation|
Cytoprotective functions of a 20S proteasome activator were investigated. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Blm10 and human 20S proteasome activator 200 (PA200) are homologs. Comparative genome-wide analyses of untreated diploid cells lacking Blm10 and growing at steady state at defined growth rates revealed downregulation of numerous genes required for accurate chromosome structure, assembly and repair, and upregulation of a specific subset of genes encoding protein-folding chaperones. Blm10 loss or truncation of the Ubp3/Blm3 deubiquitinating enzyme caused massive chromosomal damage and cell death in homozygous diploids after phleomycin treatments, indicating that Blm10 and Ubp3/Blm3 function to stabilize the genome and protect against cell death. Diploids lacking Blm10 also were sensitized to doxorubicin, hydroxyurea, 5-fluorouracil, rapamycin, hydrogen peroxide, methyl methanesulfonate, and calcofluor. Fluorescently tagged Blm10 localized in nuclei, with enhanced fluorescence after DNA replication. After DNA damage that caused a classic G2/M arrest, fluorescence remained diffuse, with evidence of nuclear fragmentation in some cells. Protective functions of Blm10 did not require the carboxyl-terminal region that makes close contact with 20S proteasomes, indicating that protection does not require this contact or the truncated Blm10 can interact with the proteasome apart from this region. Without its carboxyl-terminus, Blm10((-339aa)) localized to nuclei in untreated, nonproliferating (G(0)) cells, but not during G(1) S, G(2), and M. The results indicate Blm10 functions in protective mechanisms that include the machinery that assures proper assembly of chromosomes. These essential guardian functions have implications for ubiquitin-independent targeting in anticancer therapy. Targeting Blm10/PA200 together with one or more of the upregulated chaperones or a conventional treatment could be efficacious.
|Alternate Journal||G3 (Bethesda)|
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<urn:uuid:f6140c0f-657c-423e-8c1f-9724a180eea8>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://lsi.princeton.edu/loss-20s-proteasome-activator-saccharomyces-cerevisiae-downregulates-genes-important-genomic
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz
|
en
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Baby Shark - Finger Puppet Book
Sing and play along with your little puppet shark friend as you sing the new take on this catchy tune. Explore with the little shark as he goes about his very big day, and see what kinds of sharks we can be, from silly to sleepy! This fun take on the popular song features a fun finger puppet toy built into the book, encouraging interactive play, hand-eye coordination, and language development in your little one. Babies and toddlers learn best when they are playing, especially when their grown-ups are in on the fun!
- This sing-a-long book entertains while teaching language patterns
- The adorable shark finger puppet encourages interactive play between little ones and their grownups
- Soft plush and a sing-a-long combine to provide both tactile and verbal learning opportunities
- Practice hand-eye coordination while enjoying together time
- Great gift for the little shark lovers in your life!
4.33”w x 4.33”h
6 story spreads
Board book with attached finger puppet
Suitable for all ages
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<urn:uuid:155768ac-5394-4e66-ba59-4cb901b12895>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://birdinhand.com/products/baby-shark-finger-puppet-book
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.928005
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|
Seniors Who Lose Hearing Can Suffer from Depression
The findings from a ten-year study by the Journal of the America Medical Association (JAMA) reports of a link between hearing loss and health risks. The risks include a 50 percent greater risk of dementia, a 40 percent greater risk of developing depression and nearly a 30 percent higher risk for unintended falls.
Reuters Health cites data analyzed by researchers, combining the findings from 35 previous hearing studies with participants aged 60 or more, which establishes the connection between hearing loss and depression. The aggregate of the conclusions of these reports suggests that older adults who experience some form of hearing loss are 47 percent more likely to display symptoms of depression. The take away is that depression is often brought about by the isolation of an individual and hearing loss tends to create social isolation. Dr. Nicholas Reed of the Cochlear Center for Hearing and Public Health at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine agrees with the findings published by Reuters. “First, hearing loss impairs communication and influences balance, which can lead to social isolation and decreased physical activity that, in turn, result in depression,” Reed said.
Beyond the problem of social isolation due to hearing loss is that the longer you wait to address the issue the greater the risk of associated cognition problems. An older adult may be able to hear words but not be able to understand their meaning cognitively. It is imperative to see an audiologist and test hearing capabilities to establish an informational baseline and make future adjustments accordingly. Overall, older adults who experience hearing loss tend to withdraw from society and are more likely to experience mild cognitive decline furthering levels of social and emotional loneliness.
It is estimated that 100 million people in the US are exposed to unhealthy levels of noise. Aircraft and automobile noise, leaf blowers and lawnmowers, car stereos and earbuds all contribute to the increase of hearing loss. Hearing loss lowers the quality of life and can also have severe implications regarding personal safety. Potential danger warnings like smoke alarms, car horns, fire alarms, public safety announcements all require the ability to hear. Hearing loss limits everyday life experiences in our ability to socialize, work, and communicate. It also limits joyful experience like the sound of a child laughing, a bird singing, a loved song on the radio, or a gab session with a great friend.
Thus far there is no way to undo damaged hearing but other than cost; there is no downside to hearing aids anymore. Their look is discreet, they are easy to learn how to use, and professionally adjustable over time to compensate for increased hearing loss. Once you factor in the cost of a potential fall, increased risk of dementia, social isolation, and depression, the price of hearing aid(s) winds up being comparatively minimal. Although the study, as reported by Reuters, does not investigate whether treating hearing loss can prevent depression aging Americans should still seek medical attention when experiencing hearing problems.
Hearing is a complex biological phenomenon. First ears capture sound traveling through the air as a vibration in air pressure. The outer ear (pinna) catches the sound waves and indicates its direction, in front, behind, above or below you. The ear canal receives the sound wave and triggers vibrations to the eardrum which becomes amplified by tiny bones known as ossicles. Then the amplified vibrations travel to the cochlea in the inner ear where the sound is translated into nerve impulses that your brain recognizes and processes as distinct sounds.
Hearing and its complexities and loss will continue to get a lot of attention moving forward. In a world full of headphones, earbuds, robust speakers, and unwanted environmental noise, all of us are at risk of having diminished hearing abilities. Turn down the sound whenever possible to improve your quality of life as you age. Hearing loss has a profound impact on your well being. Be proactive in the monitoring of your hearing abilities and subsequent hearing loss as you age.
If you have any questions or need guidance in your planning or planning for a loved one, please do not hesitate to contact our Troy, Virginia office by calling (434) 589-2958.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://winget-hernandez.com/2020/02/07/seniors-who-lose-hearing-can-suffer-from-depression/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.945055
| 834
| 3.15625
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|
- Standard RS232 DB9 connector
- Optional RTS and CTS handshaking functions
- 6-pin Pmod connector with UART interface
The Digilent Pmod RS232 (Revision B) converts between digital logic voltage levels to RS232 voltage levels. The RS232 module is configured as a data communications equipment (DCE) device. It connects to data terminal equipment (DTE) devices, such as the serial port on a PC, using a straight-through cable.
- Specification Version 1: PDF
|
<urn:uuid:08ed28ef-8809-45df-a086-d519a8bde441>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://digilent.com/reference/pmod/pmodrs232/start?redirect=1
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz
|
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Environmentally friendly practices are becoming more and more popular, so why shouldn’t they become a part of wedding planning as well?
When you think about it, weddings can be a very wasteful event, which is why eco-friendly weddings are all the rage now. So much money is spent on decorations, expensive invitations, a bridal gown that will only be worn once, and gifts that you may or may not like. An eco-friendly wedding is much less wasteful and more environmentally friendly, but it can be a money saver as well. Here are some tips for planning an eco-friendly wedding.
Opt for Secondhand
One of the ways you can be environmentally friendly is by choosing a secondhand or vintage wedding dress. You don’t have to compromise on fit or quality as long as you search carefully for the right one and get it altered as needed. If you can shake the stigma of wearing a secondhand dress, chances are your wedding guests won’t even know.
Another way to have an eco-friendly wedding involves choosing environmentally friendly decorations. So many decorations get put up on the wedding day, only to be thrown away once the festivities are over. Have a wedding with decorations that can be used again and again is much more environmentally friendly, even more so than cut flowers that are just going to be thrown away.
If you really want to cut down on the waste involved in weddings, you should opt against extravagant gifts. Choose to have all of the guests give a donation to a particular charity in your name, rather than give you gifts. If you already have most of the things you need for your home, this is better than receiving wasteful gifts that you do not need.
If you would like gifts but don’t want to cause waste by getting things you don’t want or use, create a wedding registry so your guests know exactly what you want. This allows you to get some of the things you would want to buy anyway, while avoiding dozens of photo frames or similar items that you did not necessarily want.
In many cases, an eco-friendly wedding means creating a simple wedding rather than an extravagant affair. But you don’t have to give everything up. You can always just choose to implement a couple of eco-friendly aspects without having to overhaul your whole wedding. Keep these things in mind when planning an eco-friendly wedding.
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<urn:uuid:5fee0e41-72ac-4d61-ab2c-9be7cb738c01>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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http://www.weddingfanatic.com/eco-friendly-weddings-are-all-the-rage/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.960494
| 499
| 1.75
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|
Book 1 : NORTH AFRICA
North Africa is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. The Northern part of Africa is made up of 6 countries. They are Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan and Tunisia. Northwest Africa has been inhabited by Berbers since the beginning of recorded history, while the eastern part of North Africa has been home to the Egyptians.
The earliest known humans lived in North Africa around 260,000 BCE. The region is located between the Sahara desert and the Mediterranean, along the Atlantic coast and consisting of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt. The sea travel and the sahara around the region became an equally important area for trade as camel caravans brought goods and people from the south.
GET A COPY… of this book for more details.
Rick Walters is a British-Ghanaian Author, Dentist and a Model. He is also the C.E.O of Walters Astoria, a media and Advertising company based in London, Uk. He’s perhaps best known for his 2013 released book titled PANDEMONIUM (Door of No Return) which was acknowledged and endorsed by the then British prime minister David Cameron.
Having studied history and as a history enthusiast, he was saddened but inspired to write this book having witnessed, then researched and noticed the lack of historical(African History) educational materials in various schools in the United kingdom. This educational book sole purpose is to help bridge the gap and teach students about African history. He believes that, teaching history can help change the world, broadens your knowledge and will help eradicate ignorance of the subject matter.
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Nations confirmed for Football Five-a-Side at Rio
Date: January 27, 2016
The IBSA Football Committee has announced that all eight countries qualified for the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games have confirmed they will take part in the blind football competition.
The National Paralympic Committees of Brazil (hosts), Argentina, Mexico, Russia, Turkey, China, Iran and Morocco have all confirmed in writing their intention to take up the slots they have been offered by IBSA for the competition.
Mexico, Russia and Morocco will make their Paralympic blind football debuts in Rio, and the team to beat is host country and reigning Paralympic and IBSA World Champions Brazil.
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G.K. Chesterton, a Curmudgeon for Our Times
UNDENOMINATIONAL RELIGION & OTHER FOLLIES
I got a bit worried the other day when a friend told me I was sounding “more and more like G.K. Chesterton” in my volleys against much of our contemporary cultural consensus. I didn’t know Chesterton save by reputation — a “conservative” and a curmudgeon. So I went to the library and snagged his essay collection called Heretics. Much of it spoke to the very particular figures of his time and, since I didn’t know them, I passed these bits by quickly, nevertheless enjoying the way Chesterton sallies forth, a twinkle in his eye and indelible ink on his pen, to take them on. But I couldn’t “get into it,” as we like to say these days.
As for the rest, well, I was both charmed and instructed. Charmed because the fellow knows how to write — always a pleasure for an academic dulled by the dead prose of the academy — and instructed because the fellow knows how to think, perhaps an ever rarer virtue these days. So much of what exercised Chesterton in his epoch continues to haunt us; indeed, if anything, Chesterton possessed the uncanny ability to foreshadow our own raging discontents. For example, in an essay on “Heretics,” he makes the incontrovertible (but often forgotten) point that blasphemy “depends upon belief and is fading with it. If anyone doubts this, let him sit down seriously and try to think blasphemous thoughts about Thor. I think his family will find him at the end of the day in a state of exhaustion.”
With a slight shift of emphasis, Chesterton’s observation helps us think about our own version of that banality sometimes called evil. I have in mind, say, Madonna’s shenanigans, all the exhibitionistic self-referentiality and the bold declarations of what could scarcely be more drearily conformist. Those who would visit down hail and brimstone on her head have got it wrong — it is like thinking blasphemous thoughts about Thor. Madonna isn’t really evil, just banal. Moreover, Chesterton helps out on “good” as well as “evil” when he notes, in his essay “On the Negative Spirit,” that much popular phrasemaking “is a dodge in order to shirk the problem of what is good.” Thus much of our talk of liberty, including leaving “all these arbitrary standards” behind in order to “embrace liberty” more fully, is just another way of saying, “Let us not decide what is good, but let it be considered good not to decide it.” A neat trick, perhaps, but pretty thin gruel if you think about it for more than the time required to shout “Oprah Winfrey.”
So, modern-minded people don’t burden their young people with talk about responsibility, preferring to give them condoms.
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GKC won not only a popular following but also the respect and admiration — if not always the agreement — of serious intellectual and literary figures of his time.
Man does not make himself. Rather, as Aristotle remarked, he is already man when he begins to wonder what he is and why he is as he is.
A review of G.K. Chesterton: A Biography
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Green Star – Communities assesses the planning, design and construction of large scale development projects at a precinct, neighbourhood and/or community scale. It provides a rigorous and holistic rating across five impact categories.
Current rating tool: Green Star - Communities v1.1
Date released: 13/09/2016
Precinct and land development projects are complex and can take a long time to deliver. For this reason, Green Star – Communities certification lasts a maximum of five years, after which the project can recertify. This allows projects to re-assess their approach, improve on their approach, and be recognised for progress made in delivering on the ground.
While Green Star – Communities will continue to be updated, projects are recertified with the version of the rating tool under which they achieved their previous certification. As such, project teams are not subject to clarifications or amendments made as part of later revisions.
However projects may choose to upgrade to the most up-to-date version for their recertification.
Aims to encourage and recognise developers and projects that demonstrate leadership within the sector, by establishing and maintaining strong governance practices. The category promotes engagement, transparency, as well as community and industry capacity building. It also seeks to ensure that community projects are resilient to a changing climate.
Aims to encourage and recognise developments that deliver safe, accessible and culturally rich communities. The category encourages the development of healthy and active lifestyles, and rewards communities that have a high level of amenity, activity, and inclusiveness.
Aims to encourage and recognise projects that promote prosperity and productivity. The category encourages affordable living and housing, investment in education and skills development, and community capacity building. This category also promotes greater productivity through emerging opportunities in the digital economy.
Aims to reduce the impact of urban development on ecosystems. It encourages resource management and efficiency by promoting infrastructure, transport, and buildings, with reduced ecological footprints. The Environment category seeks to reduce the impacts of projects on land, water, and the atmosphere.
Aims to recognise the implementation of innovative practices, processes and strategies that promote sustainability in the built environment.
The Green Star – Communities Framework is a vision, a set of principles and aspirations to help guide and support the development of sustainable communities.
The Cross Claim approach has been developed for circumstances where there are buildings located within the boundary of a Green Star – Communities project seeking to be assessed under the Green Star – Design & As Built rating tool.
The approach recognizes that there are commonalities in the sustainability attributes that have been certified at a site wide level that are applicable at a building level. Where these commonalities apply the Cross Claim approach is intended to help streamline a buildings’ Green Star – Design & As Built certification.
The results of a Green Star – Communities assessment are applicable to all buildings located within the boundary of the related Green Star – Communities project.
The development of a Cross Claim Certification Technical Amendment document for your projects is a three stage process.
It you would like to develop a Cross Claim Certification Technical Amendment document for your project please contact the Green Star Solutions team.
The purpose of the project inception checklist is to ensure that project teams embed the principles of the Green Star – Communities rating tool into the early project planning activities.
All projects are encouraged to use the latest version of the rating tool.
The following documents detail the process required for projects substituting credits or credit criteria from newer versions of the Green Star – Communities rating tool.
For all projects registered under a previous version of Green Star – Performance, search the Green Star Resources page to download all supporting resources required to complete your submission (a general overview of resources is provided on the Resources and Roles section of our website).
|Green Star – Communities||Release date|
|PILOT Version 0.2||01/02/2015|
|PILOT Version 0.1||11/05/2014|
|PILOT Version 0.0||14/06/2012|
While Green Star – Communities will continue to be updated, projects are recertified with the version of the rating tool under which they received their previous certification, unless they specifically choose to upgrade to the most up-to-date version of the tool.
For more technical resources to support your submission for assessment visit the roles and resources overview page and the Green Star Resources portal.Go the the Green Star Resources portal
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Among all the revolutionaries, CHANDRASEKHAR AZAD seems like a mythical hero. He was blessed with an unmatched adventurer, excellent shooter, expert in disguise, and Commander in Chief of Hindustan Socialist Republican Army. Once upon a time, the revolutionaries were learning to make bombs in the jungles near Agra and when bored they used to roam around the city market, once Rajguru brought the poster of a model from a market in which the model was wearing a bikini.
The Rajguru brought it and placed it near the bed in the room, everyone started laughing at it with each other. Suddenly Azad came there. Seeing the poster, he got very angry and tore the poster apart. But it was these Azad, that they did not lose consciousness. His disciple revolutionary Purnchand writes that once a robbery was planned. Azad remained engaged in this plan for a long time, but at the time he canceled this plan because there was a possibility of killing some innocent people in it. Azad told Purnchand that apart from the life of the traitor, every life is valuable.
CHANDRASEKHAR AZAD, a courageous freedom fighter, and a fearless revolutionary were born on 23 July 1906 in Bhabra, Madhya Pradesh. He was the face of revolutionary India, involved in incidents such as the Kakori train robbery, the bombing in the assembly, and the murder of Saunders in Lahore to avenge the murder of Lala Lajpat Rai.
CHANDRASEKHAR AZAD was also not in favor of Hindu Raj or Muslim Raj. Because he wanted freedom in which every Indian is happy and shares equality. The financial condition of Azad’s family was not good. Once a journalist wanted to send some money to his house, Azad refused. He said that you should deposit the money in the party fund. My parents get some kind of bread at one time, many parents do not get that either. I cannot forget the parents of others for my parents. He was arrested once and presented before the judge, where he named his name “Azad”, father’s name “Freedom” and “Jail” as his residence. He was sentenced to 15 whips. And with the blow of every whip, he raised the voice of “Vande Mataram” and “Mahatma Gandhi ki Jai”. After this, he was publicly called Azad.
He was synonymous with terror for the British government while alive. He was besieged by the British police at Alfred Park, Allahabad on 27 February 1931, due to the deceit of one of his companions. He fought bravely, but finding no other way, he shot himself and fulfilled his resolve to die as an “independent” man. He was Azad. He was free from all forms of attachment and illusion.
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The Gandamadana Parvatam is situated at a distance of 3 kilometers to the north of the temple of Rameshwaram. The Gandamadana Parvatam is a hill and is the highest spot in the island of Rameshwaram. On the Gandamadana Parvatam, there is a two-storeyed Mandapam.
In this Mandapam, Lord Rama’s feet or Padam is found as an impression on a chakra. Every year thousands of pilgrims gather in the island of Rameshwaram to worship the Gandamadana Parvatam. The Sukreevar Temple and the Theertham are located on the way to the Gandamadana Parvatam in Rameshwaram.
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We are going to discuss the strengths, weaknesses and possible security issues of passwords. Further, we will describe implicit weaknesses of some of the implementations, including the impact and risk of brute force, password guessing, awareness about presence of key loggers in public computers and prevention, phishing, a technique to hack online passwords and us will also see the most efficient technique of password cracking i.e. Rainbow table. The secondary goal is to bring awareness in mass about the possible threats they can suffer from and provide solutions by keeping a strong password. The fact is that it doesn’t do much good to lock all the doors if you leave a window open. Also, we will put some light on measures to be taken if the password is hacked. Finally, we hereby, provide a source of information containing advice and references for securing systems containing the implementations as covered in this paper.
I. Introduction to Password Paradigm
A password in the virtual world is something like a lock in the world of reality. We all maintain passwords while using networks, email accounts, devices etc. Naturally, there are people out there who want to get your passwords. Here we provide you some requisite information about how they do it and how you can protect yourself. In today’s business environment, your corporate email security strategy is only as strong as its weakest link. Those who do not use strong passwords and password practices are often their own worst enemy. The risks are real, they affect you either directly or indirectly and they can be diminished by using strong passwords and password practices. Therefore, it is no longer simply a matter of using strong passwords and changing them often. Rather, we need to adopt a more realistic approach to password use and protection.
II. FORMAL DEFINITION OF PASSWORD
A password is an information associated with an entity that confirms the entity’s identity. A password is a secret known only to you. A password provides access to a service for a specific user and is used to verify the identity of the user. The system can be your home computer, your email account, your online bank account or any web account. If your password is captured, guessed or stolen, someone could impersonate you online, steal money from your online bank account, send emails in your name or change files on your computer to name just a few of the possible outcomes.
III. NEED FOR PASSWORD PROTECTION
You may not be a billionaire to have your bank accounts over flowing but it is of prime importance to have privacy, safety, and security in your personal and professional world. While it may seem a pain to some to change their passwords very often and remember them, but once your password is cracked, whoever has found it or taken it now has access to all your information quickly and easily. A few moments of effort on your part can save you from a lot of problems later. Imagine yourself in the world without passwords. Your personal emails would have been accessed by anybody. Money in accounts would not be safe. Password protection is not perfect but it just may deter someone from stealing your data. Passwords have become the dominant means of access control to online services. With this success has come an enormous variety of attacks: each login page represents an opportunity for an attacker who is just a short sequence of characters away from someone else’s email, banking, medical or social networking accounts. Also, passwords can provide different access permissions to users. In general, anybody can access any data or information if the password is not allotted but requiring a username and password to access various sensitive areas allows you to restrict access to only a chosen few people who know the secret codes.
IV. ATTACK SCENARIOS
A number of password cracking exists. The following subsections discuss the general ways of password cracking methods and their applicability. We will describe implicit weaknesses of some of these implementations, including the impact and risk of brute force and phishing attacks and the possible use of key loggers. When performing these attacks, there are some prerequisites to obtain the passwords. One has to know how the passwords were encrypted, which encryption method is used, and what the implementation- specific properties are. The structure of a hash has to be clear.
A. Password Guessing:
The method is guessing of passwords randomly until one password works. Password guessing is made easier by revealing the personal information and having related passwords. It will take a long time and requires huge amounts of network bandwidth considerably. It is easily detected and stopped. Presume using a dictionary would save time. Such passwords are usually weak. Surveys depict that most of the users keep their family members details, personal information, their likings, famous sports teams etc
Due to lack of awareness, users’ authentication points are generally open. One can make a way to others computer through some application programs and by sending files which open their ports. Thus, gain access to victim’s data and information. Password guessing is not very sound and sophisticated technique to crack passwords because there is no surety that password will be cracked. More techniques such as brute force mechanism, phishing etc are available in the market.
B. Key loggers:
A Key logger is a way of tracking the keys struck on a keyboard by a user and letting you know, while the user is unaware that such a thing is happening. It keeps a record of every key that is struck. With advancement in technology, latest versions have the capabilities of taking screenshots and mail delivery etc. An internet cafe machine can easily be running a key logger. The roaming user has no reliable way of determining whether it is safe, and has no alternative to typing the password. Key logging is one of the most insidious threats to a user’s personal information. Passwords, credit card numbers, etc. are potentially exposed; and the incidence of key loggers in-the-wild is apparently growing rapidly.Unlike other general threats, this is not an attack that alert and sophisticated users can avoid. There are numerous freeware offerings and many of them make efforts to conceal their presence. For example, they will not show up in the Task Manager process list or installed software list. The contents can only be accessed by the owner because it leaves no trace or path to prove its existence, Key loggers usually have short-cut keys defined by the owner through which it can be opened. As things stand a user has no reliable way to determine if a machine is running a key logger or not. In this environment is there anything a user can do to protect themselves from the possible catastrophic loss of data? In Windows, user32.dll provides event handlers that any application can invoke to trap every keyboard and mouse event. The trick lies in the fact that key loggers employ very
In Windows, user32.dll provides event handlers that any application can invoke to trap every keyboard and mouse event. The trick lies in the fact that key loggers employ very low-level OS calls.The key logger sees everything but it doesn’t understand what it sees. You don’t know if the key logger is already installed. Being wise enough, one should use virtual keyboards of standard anti-viruses. Important to make you understand that key loggers identify the key pressed from the virtual keyboards of operating systems. The best way to overcome is to implement the use of standard anti-viruses. There exists a pointer between every pair of key and after you press a key, that sequence is shuffled by the anti-virus virtual keyboard but not by the operating system virtual keyboard which is easily detected by the key loggers. Also, most of the key loggers are deficient to trap mouse clicks. Hence, one should use the mouse in excess for performing a task rather than pressing a key from the keyboard if he/she suspects the existence of a key logger in the system.
C. Brute Force Approach
A brute force attack is an attack on a password, where all possible character combinations are tried. A major advantage of this method is that all passwords will be found. However, this way of attacking a password is very inefficient. It is a good and fast method for cracking short passwords, but when password lengths are longer, this method gets very slow. Due to this characteristic, this attack is most of the time performed with progressive complexity. The technique is easy to implement and reasonably fast since not much pre-computation is involved in determining the passwords to test. Also, since the search is usually linear, it is easy to interrupt the cracking process and pick it up at a later point. First, in many cases, there is the sheer size of the password space to take into account. The following simple sum describes the number pi of different possible passwords (size of the password space) for a character space of n different characters of maximum length i. For a character set which contains only the 26 alphabetic characters from a to z and which has a maximum length of 2 characters, there will be 261 +262 = 702 different passwords to consider. For some. hashes, which are still widely used in Microsoft Windows networks (a character set of 69 characters and a maximum length of 7 characters) there are 7555858447479 (roughly 7.5 * 1012 ) different possible passwords. The actual amount of time spent is not only determined by the password space, but also by the algorithm used. The actual algorithm implementation ccan dramaticallychange the time required in a real-world cracking scenario by several orders of magnitude. In the case of John the Ripper, for example, one benchmark for cracking hashes showed more than 4.9 million attempted passwords per second, whereas on the same machine a password encrypted using the MD5-based scheme used in many modern Unix implement actions could be evaluated at little more than 4000 attempts per second.
In the figure, brute force approach is shown. A hash is taken from a hashing algorithm and compared with the actual hash of the password which is already known. If it matches, the password is cracked else possible probability of the password with optional salt is matched with hashing algorithm resulting into a hash. This method is repeated until we find the correct password. Probably the most considerable disadvantage of the brute force approach is that it does not take password policies or user preferences into account. If an attacker first attempts all combinations of lowercase letters even though there are technical controls in place that demand at least one of the characters to be an uppercase letter, a lot of the attackers time will go to waste. The same consideration applies in the case of character sets that may or may not be applicable in a particular language environment. It is not wise enough to go with the approach all the time. If the passwords are short, the method is suitable to implement else better mechanisms should be used. D. Rainbow Tables Smart Rainbow table is a pre-computed lookup table, which can be used to recover the password from its hashed representation. In this, each reduction function were colored differently, the sequence of reduction functions would indeed look like a rainbow. The use of a rainbow table is much faster than a simple brute-force attack.
Key facts about Smart Rainbow Table Recovery:
1) The recovery time required depends on the number of passwords you want to recover (near to linear dependence). The more passwords you have, the longer is the recovery process.
2) The recovery time depends on a number of factors.
3) The success rate is over 99%, however, there is a small probability that Smart Rainbow Table Recovery fails.
4) recovery tables take a lot of disk space (gigabytes)
This is how the rainbow tables are implemented to crack passwords in an efficient manner. In order to recover the hashed password (which means reversing the hash), the password hash is run through the sequence of reduction functions. The structure of the rainbow table and the reduction functions guarantee that the resulting hash will match the final hash of one of the chains. Since the rainbow tables maps the final hashes of each chain to the initial plaintext password, the initial password is now known. Then the initial password is fed into the sequence of reduction functions until the original hash is found. The plaintext password used at the final iteration (which produced the original hash) is exactly the password, which is being recovered. This attack only works on algorithms that do not use salting. Though the initial cost is very high but, after the formation of the rainbow table, password matching is faster, more efficient. Also, the number of comparisons made by the approach is less than brute force approach.
Phishing, also referred to as brand spoofing or carding, is a variation on “fishing,” the idea being that bait is thrown out with the hopes that while most will ignore the bait, some will be tempted into biting. The act of sending an e- mail to a user claiming to be an established legitimate enterprise in an attempt to scam the user into surrendering private information that will be used for identity theft. The e-mail directs the user to visit a website where they are asked to update personal information, such as passwords and credit card, social security, and bank account numbers, that the legitimate organization already has. Using techniques and tools used by Spammers, Phishers can deliver specially crafted emails to millions of legitimate live email addresses within a few hours (or minutes using distributed Trojan networks).
One of the examples of a phishing attack: A fake MySpace login page is created by the phishers. The data is sent to various web servers which is received later. During this, 100,000 users fell for the attack before it was shut down.
Phishing e-mail messages take a number of forms:
- They might appear to come from your bank or financial institution, a company you regularly do business with, such as Microsoft, or from your social networking site.
- They might appear to be from someone you know. Spear phishing is a targeted form of phishing in which an e-mail message might look like it comes from your employer, or from a colleague who might send an e-mail message to everyone in the company, such as the head of human resources or IT.
- They might ask you to make a phone call. Phone phishing scams direct you to call a customer support phone number. A person or an audio response unit waits to take your account number, personal identification number, password, or other valuable personal data. The phone phisher might claim that your account will be closed or other problems could occur if you don’t respond.
- They might include official-looking logos and other identifying information taken directly from legitimate Web sites, and they might include convincing details about your personal information that scammers found on your social networking pages.
- They might include links to spoofed Web sites where you are asked to enter personal information. To make these phishing e-mail messages look even more legitimate, the scam artists may place a link in them that appears to go to the legitimate website but actually takes you to a phony scam site or possibly a pop-up window that looks exactly like the official site. Here are a few phrases to look for if you think an e-mail message is a phishing scam. “Verify your account.” “You have won the lottery.” “If you don’t respond within 48 hours, your account will be closed.” Ideally, desktop systems should be configured to use multiple desktop protection agents and be capable of performing services like Local Anti-Virus protection, personal firewall, anti-spam, spyware detection etc.
Emails should be HTML based in nature and should have the suitable technique to block attachment. To help prevent many Phishing attack vectors, web browser users should:
- Disable all window pop-up functionality
- Disable Java runtime support
- Disable all multimedia and auto-play/auto-execute extensions
- Prevent the storage of non-secure cookies
- Ensure that any downloads cannot be automatically run from the browser.
Also, there are a growing number of specialist anti-phishing software producers that provide browser plug-ins that prevent from unreliable links. At the client-side, protection against Phishing can be afforded by:
- Improving customer awareness
- Providing validation information for official communications
- Ensuring that the Internet web application is securely developed and doesn’t include easily exploitable attack vectors
- Using strong token-based authentication systems
- Keeping naming systems simple and understandable
Key steps to anti-phishing enterprise-level security include:
- Automatic validation of sending email server addresses,
- Digital signing of email services,
- Monitoring of corporate domains and notification of similar registrations,
- Perimeter or gateway protection agents,
- Third-party managed services.
V. Weak Passwords
A weak password is a password that is easy to detect both by humans and by computer. Usually, passwords based on words from dictionaries, altered words, words based on common names, bands, favorites etc are categorized under weak passwords. In general, weak passwords are less than eight characters in length. People do not want to take the burden of remembering difficult passwords and in turn, lose their valuable data. Keyboard sequences, birth date, vehicle and contact numbers are used as a password by people. In the table below, we show you a list of top 20 passwords used most frequently across the world.
VI. SIMPLE FORMULAE FOR STRONG PASSWORDS
Generally, a good password is one that takes longer than the usual password change interval to crack. The term strong password, however, is beginning to take on the specific meaning of one that uses all possible password strengthening.
Following methods can be followed to strengthen a password:
Use of multiple upper and multiple lower case letters (a-z, A-Z), use of numbers (0-9), use of multiple special characters (!,*,$,…) and control character(e.g., ^s, Ctrl-s). A strong password should always be at least eight characters in length. The intent of a strong password is to make the password harder to guess, and thus more secure. The password should not be a word in a language, slang, dialect, jargon but a passphrase. A passphrase is a group of alphabets with a possible combination of numbers and special characters which has is no meaning in a dictionary. yppvpp34 is an example of a passphrase. Passwords should not be related to any personal information or identification. One should keep changing his/her password at an interval of time and should not record the password anywhere. Also, monitor for possible eavesdroppers during entry of a password. Though prevention is better than cure if your password is stolen, change the password immediately.
VII. ADD-ONS TO PASSWORD SECURITY
Have you ever imagined food without salt? How would it be? It will be tasteless, undoubtedly. Salt to password adds same as salt to food. For security purposes, passwords are not stored in their clear text form. Instead, a one-way function known as a hash function is applied to the password, possibly in combination with other data (known as a salt), and the resulting value is stored. When a user attempts to use their password to authenticate them, the same hash function is applied and the resulting value is compared with the original stored value. This is a method of encrypting the password which makes life difficult for the hackers. The benefits of precomputation and memorization can be nullified by randomizing the hashing process. This is known as salting. When the user sets a password, a short, random string called the salt is suffixed to the password before encrypting it; the salt is stored along with the encrypted password so that it can be used during verification. Since the salt is usually different for each user, the attacker can no longer construct tables with a single encrypted version of each candidate password. However, if the salt is long enough, there are too many possibilities and the attacker must repeat the encryption of every guess for each user. Modern methods such as message digest5-crypt and bcrypt use salts of 48 and 128 bits respectively. Smart users use salt encryption for their passwords adding more to their security.
In computing, operating systems use the shadow password database mechanism to increase the security level of passwords by restricting all but highly privileged users’ access to encrypted password data. Typically, that data is kept in files owned by and accessible only by the administrator. Systems administrators can reduce the likelihood of such brute force attacks by making the list of hashed passwords unreadable by unprivileged users. The obvious way to do this is to make the password database itself readable only by the root user. However, this would restrict access to other data in the file such as username-to- user id mappings, which would break many existing utilities and provisions. One solution is a “shadow” password file to hold the password hashes separate from the other data in the world-readable password file. Shadow files mostly contain salt and hashed passwords, the file also contains other fields as well, such as the last time the password was changed, when the password will expire, and whether the account is disabled. The shadow password file does not entirely solve the problem of attacker access to hashed passwords, as some network authentication schemes operate by transmitting the encrypted password over the network making it vulnerable to interception but it reduces the chances of passwords getting hacked to a great extent.
IX. WHAT IF THE PASSWORD IS STOLEN OR CAPTURED
Take a thousand measures to save your password, but there is no assurance to keep it safe. You can protect your passwords to some extent but cannot avoid the theft completely.
Here is a list of few measures taken if you land somewhere wrong.
- If you believe there is a risk your password/s have been captured by another person (accidentally or deliberately) change the affected password/s immediately.
- If you believe there is a risk your passwords have become compromised due to malware, immediately change your passwords for all of your online accounts on a different, uninfected computer. Do not enter any passwords on your computer until it has been cleaned of malware. If you enter your new passwords on your infected computer, they will be immediately captured in the same way as the old passwords. Refer to professionals that will help you to remove malware from your computer.
- In all situations of a suspected compromise of your passwords, you should notify the organization affected, if warranted. For example, if a password is for your online bank account, notify your bank; if a password gives access to your email and your Internet access, notify your Internet Service Provider.
- Always give priority to changing the passwords for those accounts which are most important and valuable.
We, the authors present you the necessity of password protection in the daily life. Password protection is first and sometimes the last line of defense. We hereby try to aware the mass about some of the possible threats to passwords and measures to prevent them from being hacked or stolen. Password cracking programs are growing in number and there are many discussions pertaining to their legality. The problem is not their existence but the misuse of them. Bait is thrown, few people try to have it and get into the trap. One should make a habit of using strong passwords which reduce the probability of password being hacked. Passwords should never be recycled. Hope fully this paper will enlighten your views and provide some grip in acquiring more information about particular in depth information. There are several ways by which the password can be hacked, only awareness and precautions can help from being hacked.
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A regular observer of the daily media briefing of Trump White House’s Press Secretary, first, Sean Spicer and now Sarah Huckabee Sanders can confirm the difficulty in balancing the role of serving an unusual president, an inquisitive press corps, and wary citizens of the United States and indeed the world.
From day one of Donald Trump’s inauguration Sean Spicer mounted the podium to announce to a skeptical press corps that the crowd that attended Trump’s inauguration was more than that of Barack Obama in 2008. In that infamous briefing, Spicer declared: “That was the largest audience to witness an inauguration, period.” He then left without entertaining questions including abundant evidence including pictures and numbers released by officials of the Washington Mall that suggested that Obama’s inauguration attracted more people.
From then it became obvious that the already sour relationship between the incoming Trump administration and the media would get even worse in the days ahead.
Ideally, press secretaries are public relations professionals who typically represent a government agency; work with the news media and answer questions from reporters and write press releases for media consideration in a bid to create brand awareness and generate public good will toward their client.
But the job description of press secretaries who serve the government is not limited to serving the interest of the government alone without regard to the interest of the citizens whose tax payers ensure their regular paychecks in the first place. Similarly, the news media that provide a bridge between government and the citizens deserve to be treated with respect by being transparent just as journalists need to respect and empathize with press secretaries who must earn the confidence of the government they serve while advancing the people’s interest.
How these ideals match up with the Trump White House can be debated by different segments of the population including Trump supporters, opponents, and unbiased professionals. What is clear is that serving a president who prefers to manage his own communication with the people can be extra challenging to a press secretary no matter how skilled. Trump is an expert in manipulating the news media through his larger than life personality and bombastic outbursts as well as huge social media following. He is skilled in deflecting media attention from a negative portrayal of his behavior to other things with little efforts. Through the incredible use of his twitter account, Trump torpedoes the best efforts of his communications team to advance administration’s policy priorities. He lacks the needed discipline in delivering his message thereby complicating the job of his media team. In many instances, the president is his own worst messenger even when he has a good message to push through.
For example, in his first address to Congress that was considered very presidential and well received, Trump himself changed the subject by a single tweet that alleged his predecessor President Obama “wiretapped” his New York Trump Tower without evidence. He made it hard for the press secretary to speak more on the good speech he delivered to Congress the previous day and put the team in an awkward position of explaining to the press the unfounded allegation about wiretapping.
Trump has a negative image in the media and he believes his communications team is not doing an excellent job. But how can a press secretary launder an image of a president that constantly shoots himself in the foot; that fouls the air too often only to leave his aides to clean up?
In a current address to the police association in Long Island in New York, President Trump urged the police to be rough on suspects and he received criticism for encouraging police brutality. The new Press Secretary, Sarah Huckabee Sanders in defending the president’s remarks claimed that the president was merely joking. In another incident, Sanders, confronted by reporters on the President’s discredited claim that the President of Boy Scouts Movement called him and praised his speech to the annual gathering of the apolitical movement, she struggled and equivocated especially in the light of the movement’s condemnation of the political nature of the speech.
In a situation where the president conducts public policy via twitter, as recently as the ban on transgender individuals’ service in the military, with little policy input by his advisers, it is difficult for the press secretary to defend policy goals especially those with wide ramifications. This probably explains the tactics adopted by Spicer in his last days of his service as White House press secretary. He responded to reporters’ questions with such comments as “the president’s tweet speaks for itself” in an apparent frustration at constantly explaining the zig-zag of President Trump Twitter policy somersaults.
Sarah Huckabee Sanders on the other hand, deflects questions about the veracity or otherwise of Trump by making references to Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton. Unable to defend the president, she will cite Clinton’s Benghazi and email problems as well as Obama’s lie on the healthcare policy in which he infamously said: “if you like your doctor you can keep it”.
Obama apologized for the misleading statement, but apology for the Trump team is a hard currency and never will accept mistakes. Instead, any misleading statement is the fault of the so-called “fake news”.
The obsession with the term “fake news” is indeed laughable and shameful because dealing with fake news or fake media outfit amounts to complicity to knowingly deceive the public. With the energy dissipated so far in undermining the news media, one would have expected that the administration will distance itself from Trump’s litany of fake news such as CNN, New York Times, Washington Post etc.
Instead, the administration and especially Trump himself who is reportedly an avid television viewer continue to use the so called fake media when it suits them. In other words, any news organization that criticizes the administration is fake while the few that sees no wrong in the administration are considered legitimate organs. Regrettably, that is not the way the news media functions. The media is supposed to put a spotlight on the government for citizens to understand the activities of elected officials who represent them.
Dr. Uchenna Ekwo is public policy analyst and media consultant. Dr. Ekwo can be reached via email: firstname.lastname@example.org; Twitter @UcheEkwo
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It’s been argued in programming communities that all programming languages can ultimately be abstracted back to LISP. As a software developer, you may not care that we can ultimately abstract Java into LISP, but the fact that you can tells us some fundamental truths relating to the nature of programming. It makes me wonder, in the business analysis world, do we have a single model that all others could be translated to as well??
This week, I started asking colleagues “What is the model that you would use to model our models?” The one model that we kept coming back to over and over again was the Business Data Diagram. If I wanted to describe to someone what an org chart was, I’d probably need to do so in terms of a BDD. If I wanted to describe a state diagram, I’d be thinking about the relationship between states and connections, and I could do so with a BDD. I could describe process flows and data flow diagrams as BDDs. Ecosystem map? Describe it with a BDD.
So we can describe most of our models using a BDD – but what does that actually tell us?
I think several conclusions could be drawn, but the important thing is that it highlights a fundamental truth about models: our models all represent relationships between different objects. I think this eloquently defines the difference between a visual representation of a system using models versus a long text listing of requirements.
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This week marks the one year anniversary of the first COVID vaccine. Approximately 59% of people have been fully vaccinated, and anyone over the age of 5 years old is able to be vaccinated. If you have not been vaccinated, please consider doing so. The vaccine does not guarantee that you will not get COVID, but if you get COVID, your chances of becoming severely ill are dramatically reduced.
With the holidays upon us, the spread of illness is on the rise as people gather indoors. Please continue to follow guidance from the CDC to keep you and your loved ones safe.
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Even though the essays, speeches, and meditations in Toni Morrison's most recent nonfiction collection were written over the course of four decades, The Source of Self-Regard speaks to today's social and political moment as directly as this morning's headlines.
Morrison turns her penetrating analysis on the mass movement of people across the globe, foreigners and foreignness, and what it means to be "exiled in the place one belongs." She takes on racism—in the media, society and American literature—and examines how, step by deliberate step, nations move towards "its succubus twin fascism." Devotees should be happy to know that the Nobel laureate also delves into her own artistic process in addition to exploring the work of the painter Romare Bearden, theater director Peter Sellars, and writers ranging from Toni Cade Bambara to Chinua Achebe to Herman Melville. In short, you can expect virtually every entry in the collection, whether it was written in the 1970s or in this century, to feel strikingly relevant today.
Perhaps intentionally, the book's structure helps underscore the timelessness of its pieces since the work is arranged by theme rather than chronology. The first of three parts is "The Foreigner's Home," which concerns itself with the threats of globalization and our unhelpful compulsion to demonize and ostracize the "other." It opens with a moving prayer to those who died on Sept. 11 and, in its haunting power, is reminiscent of Morrison's fiction.
The remaining sections also begin with recognitions of the dead, and a tender, self-reflexive tribute to Martin Luther King Jr. introduces the interlude, "Black Matter(s)." The primary focus on the interlude is the historical and current role of Africanism, a term Morrison uses to refer to white Americans' "collective needs to allay internal fears and rationalize external exploitation... a fabricated brew of darkness, otherness, alarm and desire."
A poignant eulogy to novelist and playwright James Baldwin opens the final part of the book, "God's Language." This section illuminates both Morrison's work and the art of others, addresses the inevitability of cross-genre inspiration and examines the role of the artist in society. It should be noted, however, that the author's central themes are so connected that each spans the entirety of the collection.
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My complete household got concerned after I first considered buying a house , since I have the luck of being associated to real property brokers, investors, and other experts which might be more than pleased to give advice about buying a property — even before I ask. Our exclusive mortgage packages assist you to buy a home with a minimal down fee. The Federal Housing Administration system, utilized by many lenders, recommends allocating not more than 31 percent of your monthly revenue to your housing fee. You may be able to get data on buildings insurance coverage from your mortgage lender, solicitor or, in England and Wales, a licensed conveyancer.
As soon as your provide is accepted, the property agent will prepare a document of sale details and ship this to the vendor’s solicitor and to your solicitor. This is not a proper mortgage though – most lenders won’t give this till you will have discovered a selected property they usually’ve despatched a valuer round.
The amount could also be shown on a kind you receive from your lender, if you pay your taxes by way of an escrow account. When the vendor receives your provide to buy,” she or he has four choices. If the mortgage is secured by your home and the amount of factors you pay is typical in your space, the factors are deductible as interest as long as the money you paid at closing via your down cost equals the factors.
That means as a lot as forty percent or more of the $10,000 might go to federal and state tax collectors relatively than towards a down cost. I am a writer and a real estate investor, so it made sense to combine these jobs to supply this extremely-complete information to learn how to buy a house.
Minimum monthly fee is interest (and insurance premiums where applicable). Maybe you might have costs in your monthly finances that have an effect on your bottom line, similar to childcare, car payments, or pupil loans – the vital factor is to find a month-to-month payment that you simply’re snug with.
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RARE! French Victorian White Wedding Boots
Tailor made for a wealthy Victorian bride, these handcrafted soft kid leather boots are exquisitely detailed with opalescent beads, and they retain most of their original glass buttons!
“Half boots” such as these first became popular during the Regency era, when more and more women were permitted to take up active pastimes such as riding and walking. The half boot trend swept across England and France, where they were often seen under opulent skirts and dresses on ballroom dance floors and, later, as part of a bride’s traditional wedding outfit — though matrimonial boots often featured much more elaborate and expensive details and designs than their ballroom counterparts.
This particular pair from 1880s France, as seen in the photos, show some wear. However, this is to be expected of an antique item well over 100 years of age! As you can see, some of the beads have gone missing as well as the top 3 buttons on each boot. Some scuffs and spots, that could be cleaned, do not detract from the obvious beauty of the boots. Would be a spectacular nordic style decorative display for your own French collection! Stuffed with tissue paper to retain shape.
Insurance is already provided in shipping price!
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400 million N95 masks have been given free by the U.S. government for those living in COVID-19 areas. The masks are available at community health centres and pharmacies. KN95 is another option that can be purchased for a low price and has a single use. When in high COVID-19 areas, the CDC recommends wearing an N95 mask. In case you have any questions with regards to where by and how to employ n95 mask, it is possible to contact us on our own web site.
In areas where there are high levels of COVID-19, the CDC recommends wearing a N95 mask
When visiting a place with high COVID-19 levels, the CDC recommends using a KN95 or N95 face mask. Even though it isn’t required to wear a mask for domestic travel, just click the up coming document CDC recommends wearing one in all indoor settings, including transport hubs. To prevent being exposed, you should wear a mask if you are infected.
KN95 Masks are an alternative for N95 Masks
N95 masks filter out 95 percent of airborne particles. These masks can be less breathable than others, making them the most suitable for high-risk situations. N95 masks, which are used for surgical purposes, are often made of the same fabric. The main differences between surgical masks and N95 masks are fluid resistance, attachment methods, and effectiveness. Although surgical masks offer superior filtering performance, they can also be less breathable and provide a tighter seal.
They are made in China
A new controversy has emerged over whether KN95 masks, which are commonly worn by congressional staff and law enforcement officers, are made in China. House Republicans want answers from Speaker Nancy Pelosi, the Architect of Capitol. Both Republicans and congressional staff are concerned about the use of masks made from China. One Republican lawmaker tweeted a photo showing a certificate that indicated that the KN95 masks worn by him were made in China. The certificate reads in both English and Chinese. Fox News requested comment from the Architect of the Capitol as well as the CDC.
N95 respirators can only be used once. They remove 95 percent of the airborne particles. They are only intended to be used once and must be fitted correctly to avoid airborne contamination. This increases the risk of infection as people often touch the mask from the outside. A second type of face mask is the powered air-purifying respiratory system. It can be repurposed. These head gears, however, are more costly and require more care. Due to corrosion from repeated sterilizations, masks will need their hoods cleaned.
The CDC recommends wearing an N95 mask over a cloth respirator. The N95 mask filters 95% of airborne particles. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) states that 60% of US KN95 masks are counterfeits or fail to meet NIOSH standards. Although the masks are easy to use and comfortable, they can be difficult to wear for several hours or even days.
If you have any kind of inquiries pertaining to where and the best ways to utilize n95 mask, you can call us at our own internet site.
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Insert Space (Panel Edit)
Insert Space is used to make space in an editor for new controls. This option has the advantage of being able to move both hidden and visible controls. It is ideal for creating space in an editor to add new controls without having to select every control below a certain point and move the controls down or over a given amount.
The parameters controlling the insertion of space are provided by a dialog which is opened when this option is selected
To insert space in an editor:
The Insert Space Dialog
This dialog is used to determine where space is to be inserted into the editor.
Insert space at X: controls right of pixel position X are moved to the right
Insert space at Y: controls below the pixel position Y are moved down
Amount of space to insert X: specifies the number of pixels to move the controls to the right
Amount of space to insert Y: specifies the number of pixels to move the controls down
The initial Insert Space X and Y positions are determined by the location of the mouse when the menu option was selected.
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by William Orem
The earliest Christian documents we have are not the four canonical gospels—
Johnny-come-latelies written, anonymously, by Greek-speaking theologians far from the events they describe. Rather, they are the epistles of Paul, a Roman Jew who was signally responsible for both the character and spread of the new faith. Paul’s Jesus Christ was primarily a mystical being, met in visions: to judge by his letters, he may not even have believed Christ lived in a body on earth. The relationship of Paul, and the other epistle writers, to Gnosticism—with its central thesis that the body is a low, scurrilous thing, a mere trap for the spirit—is a fascinating subject in itself. Whatever Paul’s metaphysics, though, the deep concern with which he viewed the flesh is famous.
In his first letter to the church at Corinth, Paul hotly chastises the brethren for behavior unbecoming of the saved. Christian brothers have been, in the colorful King James elocution, “fornicating”; Christian brothers have been visiting prostitutes; one has been having sex with his mother (stepmother, if you wish: “his father’s wife”). Paul seems also to be stepping into an active debate over whether sex should be permissible at any time, inside marriage or out.
The apostle lays into the libertines here with some of his most memorable ire:
“Be not deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor effeminate, nor abusers of themselves with mankind [ . . . ] shall inherit the kingdom of God.” (1 Cor 6:9-10) “Know ye not that your bodies are the members of Christ? Shall I then take the members of Christ, and make them the members of an harlot?” (1 Cor 6:15) “Flee fornication. Every sin that a man doeth is without the body; but he that committeth fornication sinneth against his own body.” (1 Cor 6:18).
“It is well for a man not to touch a woman,” Paul sums up his position (1 Cor. :1), drawing an association between holiness and sexlessness that would echo for millennia. Ideally, everyone should just be celibate, as the world is about to end anyway. He himself avoids sex altogether—though some, Bishop John Shelby Spong as a recent example, have suspected a homosexual subtext among the guilty denials. Regardless of the source of Paul’s anxiety, his message is clear: If you absolutely must, go ahead and have sex with your wives, just to keep your animal lust from driving you to worse things. But, honestly, God would like it best if people didn’t touch each other down there . . . or here, or here . . . or under there . . . at all.
And so forward through the centuries. Catholicism has been marked by a recurrence, among its primary names, of deep confusion and alarm regarding sexual drive. One thinks, even at a quick glance, of Origen, the Church Father who took a knife to his own genitals (inspired by this act, a Christian sect called the Valesians are reported to have castrated not only themselves, but others). One thinks of Augustine, who wallowed in a decade of unbridled, if guilt-poisoned, libertinism—“Lord, make me chaste, but not yet,” was his prayer—before encountering Paul’s own Put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh, to fulfill the lusts thereof, whereupon he became a great condemner of sex all around. Sexual desire is mud, he tells us in Confessions; it is chains, thorns, an itching, open sore. One thinks of Aquinas, who, in his Summa Theologica, turned the most powerful intellect of the 13th century to the pressing matter of all “monstrous and bestial manners of copulation” (Is masturbation a worse sin than rape? Is “nocturnal pollution” an offense to the Almighty?)
It was to Aquinas, by the way, that the recently self-deposed Pope Benedict advocated the modern, science and reason-based West needed to return. Benedict was also a great Augustinian, once saying Confessions is the only book other than the Bible he would need on a desert island. This was in the early days of Benedict’s papacy, before his name was forever linked to a massive, international practice of both sheltering and enabling Catholic priests who rape children.
Sex, as it turns out, is a normal function. Some 250,000 years of natural selection acting on our own species, with perhaps a billion years of laying the biological groundwork before that, have formed us in exactly this way. The wandering symphony of sexual behaviors is a great many things, but first of all, it is human.
This basic recognition has serious consequences for any orthodoxy that seeks to subdue, or vilify, healthy sexual expression. In an imaginary world, leaving the body behind may be commendable. In this one, the result can only be great numbers of people who are lonely and unfulfilled; sexually repressed, with the consequent psychological effects; sexually covert, living a life of hypocrisy and self-alienation; or, in the worst cases, pathological.
In his book Dilemma: A Priest’s Struggle With Faith and Love, Father Albert Cutié makes a blunt statement:
“After several years in the ministry, I came to the understanding that most of my priest acquaintances—with very few exceptions—fell into three basic categories, with some falling into two or even three of them:
1. Those removed from the Church
2. Those accused of sexual or other crimes
3. Those who felt disgruntled and/or isolated.”
Cutié, known throughout the U.S., Spain and Latin America for his radio and TV outreach, was “outed” having a sexual relationship with a woman. Rather than retiring in shame, however, he converted publicly to Episcopalianism, married his love, and started a family. (By contrast, Thomas Merton, a previous Catholic apologist of international repute, kept his relationship with a woman almost three decades his junior a secret.) Cutié’s insider exposé of the celibacy myth makes harrowing reading for anyone raised to believe that all clergy . . . or even the majority . . . follow Vatican instruction on matters of sexuality.
In a gentle, almost crestfallen voice, “Padre Alberto” details the astonishing number of seminarians, priests, bishops and others who lead active sex lives:
“There are more priests and women in this situation than anyone can imagine. I once met a bishop in a Latin American diocese who confided in me that every priest in his diocese had a girlfriend; most of his priests had fathered children in these relationships. [ . . . ] But, with the passage of time, and as my ministry in the media took me all around the world, I began to understand how impossible celibacy is for most people. The phenomenon of Roman Catholic priests who are officially celibate but leading secret lives is present all over the world [ . . . ]”
Nor are all “men of the cloth” men. Just recently I had lunch with ex-nun Mary Johnson, whose excellent memoir An Unquenchable Thirst chronicles her time in Mother Theresa’s order. While working in the Missionaries of Charity, she had a lesbian relationship with a fellow sister who turned out to be a sexual predator; a love affair with a priest; and a personal awakening to the cost of loneliness that caused her to leave the Church altogether.
Among the covert, of course, is the great number of male homosexuals. Father Donald Cozzens, in The Changing Face of the Priesthood, holds that some 60% of Catholic clergy belong in this latter category. Cutié, in a recent television interview, accepted this rough figure, further underscoring how many of these gay men are “promiscuous”—meaning actively engaged in sex with multiple partners. Such claims have been vocally challenged by their detractors, to be sure; but anything remotely like what these ordained men are describing would make the Vatican’s celibacy rule, its anti-homosexuality stance, and its position on sexual behaviors in general, a farce.
For relatively healthy clergy—gay, straight, or bi—and for their parishioners, the cost in hypocrisy alone of all this duplicity must be extreme. A cleric who is using prostitutes while preaching that even masturbation is a sin is a terribly fractured entity. Beyond such cases, though, stand the truly pathological: those clergy whose sexuality is misshapen to the point of predation.
The very existence of an organization like SNAP—the Survivor Network of those Abused by Priests—tells a chilling tale. According to BishopAccountability.org, a public database by lay Catholics on the sex abuse scandal, “Thousands of Catholic clergy and religious have raped and sodomized tens of thousands of children—perhaps more than 100,000 children—since 1950.”
This figure is jaw-dropping.100,000 children, in a crime so painful it is almost certainly underreported. That’s over 1,500 assaults every year, or another Jerry Sandusky striking every six hours, every day, since Quo Vadis was on the big screen.
Can such an evil possibly be happening? Must it not all be some terrible mistake, or malicious rumor—the “few bad apples” defense?
The Vatican, whose Cardinal Sodano dismissed clerical abuse as “idle gossip” in 2010, first tried to downplay the extremity of its problem. (Sodano now has his own scandal, involving his having pressured then-cardinal Ratzinger not to investigate sex abuse charges against Archbishop Hans Hermann Groër and Father Marcial Maciel, of whom more below.) Yet huge numbers of cases continued to be revealed—in the U.S.; in the Netherlands; in Austria; in Poland; in Canada; in France; in Germany. Settlement cases, according to AP, had already cost the Church two billion dollars in 2007; Bishop-Accountability puts it currently past three billion. In America, whole dioceses had to declare bankruptcy. The more Catholic the country, it seemed, the more profound the pain: in Ireland, government investigations brought to light an astonishing 15,000 cases and cover-ups, going back fifty years—causing four separate Bishops to offer resignation and dealing the Irish church a blow from which it may never recover.
When denial became impossible, Pope Benedict blamed society. In his year-end address to Vatican bishops and cardinals, 2010, he said:
“We are well aware of the particular gravity of this sin committed by priests and of our corresponding responsibility. But neither can we remain silent regarding the context of these times in which these events have come to light. There is a market in child pornography that seems in some way to be considered more and more normal by society. The psychological destruction of children, in which human persons are reduced to articles of merchandise, is a terrifying sign of the times . . .”
Here was an unexpected tu quoque move that many felt tasted bitterly of justification. The then-head of the RCC was apparently contending that this molestation business is all a quite recent development, and the Church itself is somehow one more baffled victim of “the times.” Moral relativism, it turns out, is the real culprit. Also, the secular culture of the 1970s did it. The abuser priests themselves are a kind of victim, in Benedict’s view—victims of permissive modern society and all its temptations (including, evidently, the “temptation” afforded by terrified underage boys). If only the West hadn’t fallen away from the true Church, its weakest members wouldn’t have found themselves—by the tens of thousands—assaulted by that Church’s representatives.
Many Catholics had had enough. Earlier that same year, Swiss theologian Hans Küng, in an interview in Germany’s Süddeutsche Zeitung, called on the Pope to apologize personally for the scandal, saying that “no other person within the church had seen so many cases of abuse pass through their office.” Now, Catholics and non-Catholics alike began to ask why abusers in a collar, and those Bishops who enable them, should get a sinecure instead of a sentence.
By the end, when Benedict broke with six centuries of tradition to “retire” from the Papal chair, the rumors advanced in the Italian daily newspaper La Repubblica and elsewhere that the Vatican was being blackmailed by Rome’s prostitutes, that there is a gay faction inside the Curia itself, that the Holy Father was forced from his seat to avoid the Crimes Against Humanity charge being organized by SNAP and other victims’ groups, seemed less like idle gossip than more of the tragic same.
And thus to the new Pope.
One hears, of him, the usual roster of encomia. Pope Francis is a deeply humble man, one who cares for the poor, committed to ecumenical dialogue. Let it be so: though not untouched by their own abuse cases, the Jesuits in many respects shine as an order, and having one in the disgraced papal seat has filled many with new optimism. My own experience of the Society of Jesus, for whatever anecdote is worth, has been a strongly positive one: I maintain a meaningful friendship with a priest who taught at my high school and later spoke at my wedding. (Another Jesuit at the same school has since been defrocked, with painful predictability, for molestation.)
But Francis is a bit like a man who comes to the doctor’s office bleeding out of both ears and wanting to talk about other things first. There is a single, fundamental issue that must be addressed before Rome can turn its thoughts anywhere else: its multifaceted, multidimensional, and interlocking problem with sex.
One would like to think the new Pope, who comes out from behind the bulletproof barriers to embrace the faithful he clearly loves, will make changes that dignify his wounded Church. The possible avenues are many:
He could begin by lifting the morally repugnant ban on condom use—a policy that would immediately dial back the spread of AIDS in Africa, surely a greater opprobrium than the supposed crime of strapping a piece of rubber over a man’s penis. Francis has shown some flexibility here, early reports suggesting he is open to considering condoms for the purpose of preventing disease.
He could remove the widely ignored celibacy rule, allowing priests to marry. “For the moment,” Francis says in his book On Heaven and Earth, “I’m in favor of maintaining celibacy, with its pros and cons, because there have been 10 centuries of good experiences rather than failures. It’s a question of discipline, not of faith. It could change.”
He could announce as formal doctrinal position what, to many in America, has long since been recognized as fact: that gay men and women are not just contributing members of the Catholic community, but vital ones, and always have been. (In the same book, Pope Francis refers to gay marriage as “an anthropological step backward.”)
He could lift the prohibition on divorce. (“While [divorced Catholics] live in a situation on the margin of the sacrament of marriage, they are asked to integrate in the life of the parish,” Francis says, reminding divorced laity—apparently in all earnestness—that they “are not excommunicated.”)
He could recognize the full equality of women, opposition to which is surely the tacit agenda behind so much body control, from Catholic Rome to Muslim Saudi Arabia. (Francis: “A philosophy of constant feminism doesn’t give the woman the dignity she deserves.”)
Then, setting aside the Emeritus Pontiff’s attempts to pin priestly abuse anywhere other than on priests, he could begin to address the horrific and overwhelming number of clergy who molest children and adolescents as an expression of their distorted sexual development. The questions that must be asked are terrifying: Is the seminary process forming pedophiles, or just attracting them? What part does celibacy play in dysfunction, even pathological dysfunction? What has the actual effect on humanity been of Christianity’s millennia-old teachings on sex, on women, on the body?
“I do not believe in taking positions that uphold a certain corporate spirit to avoid damaging the image of the institution,” Francis says of the clerical abuse scandal. “That solution was proposed once in the United States: they proposed switching the priests to a different parish. It is a stupid idea; that way, the priest just takes the problem with him wherever he goes.”
For a Pope even to say this much—setting aside the odd suggestion that shuffling around molesters is only a solution “proposed once in the United States”—whispers the possibility of change. But behind even such updates as Francis may achieve, I would suggest, lies the core problem.
While excellent, allowing condoms in order to prevent the transmission of disease—to take one example—would still be notable for what it is not. It is not sanctioning human sexual pleasure; it is not recognizing sexual joy that does not have procreation as its purpose to be both a personal right and an end in itself. It is not throwing over the mistaken belief, with us since Gnostic times, that the body is a disgrace or a distraction or a burden to be overcome; it is not admitting that intimacy and orgasm are so much more—physically, psychologically, spiritually—than the side effect of child-making. It is not recognizing that healthy, adult, mutually consensual, self-respecting and partner-respecting sex is a high moral good, and one of the brightest birthrights of the human experience.
Until a Pope can acknowledge this—and, in truth, I do not see how any Pope can—the particular species of suffering that started with Paul will continue to take its toll.
There is a moving photograph, taken in 2004, of Pope John Paul II placing his hand on the forehead of a gentle-looking older man. The moment of benediction, a spiritual and emotional bond between two elderly clerics, feels genuine. That man is Father Marcial Maciel, the Roman Catholic priest who founded the Legion of Christ. Maciel was a model cleric to the late Pontiff, who praised him in talks and in print. His was a sanctified life.
At the time that this blessing was being bestowed, however, things were quite otherwise than they seemed. Among various transgressions, Father Maciel had been sexually abusing seminarians, and others, for decades—including, by some accounts, upward of thirty boys. He had sired as many as six illegitimate offspring, with two different women; two of whom, the allegations run, he sexually abused as well.
To put it bluntly, when that picture was taken, the saintly Father Maciel had been a rapist for some three decades, his victims including his own children.
“For his own mysterious reasons,” the Legionnaires of Christ website states, “God chose Fr Maciel as an instrument to found the Legion of Christ and Regnum Christi, and we thank God for the good he did. At the same time, we accept and regret that, given the gravity of his faults, we cannot take his person as a model of Christian or priestly life.” The Vatican formally denounced Maciel after John Paul II died, admitting that he had lived a “life devoid of scruples and authentic religious meaning.”
I believe the new Pope should have that 2004 photograph on his wall, and should consider it deeply. It is not to be passed over with a wince; it is not to be discounted as freakish or inexplicable. Above all, it must not be classified as the doing of some supernatural force. Rather, it is telling Catholics, and all people of good will, something we desperately need to understand.
That image—and everything it says—is where the new Pope needs to turn. That is the problem he confronts.
[William Orem graduated from IU in 1999 with an MFA in Creative Writing. His fiction, poetry and plays can be seen at WilliamOrem.com. Currently he is a Writer-In-Residence at Emerson College. William’s article, The Threshold of Popes, appeared in The Ryder in January, 1996.]
The Ryder ◆ July 2013
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This page contains affiliate links. Please read our disclosure for more info.
To celebrate the launch of Trail Wallet 2.0, the major update to our travel budget app, it’s Travel Finance Week on Never Ending Voyage.
In the past we’ve often shared our travel costs for travelling around certain countries or living in different cities, but that doesn’t give you the whole picture of exactly how much is costs to live as digital nomads, working and travelling around the world. In this post we’ll share our total expenses for the last 3.5 years since we left the UK to travel permanently in March 2010.
Our annual expenses are broken down into four main areas:
- Daily Expenses – These are our day to day living costs including accommodation, food, in country transport, and low cost activities.
- Flights – Domestic and international flights.
- Extras – This includes insurance, visas, doctor visits, new passports, and major activities like Spanish courses and multi day tours.
- Business – These expenses aren’t related to travel but to running our online business. They include technology (laptops, hard drives, iPhone, camera), website hosting, domains, software, and cloud storage.
These are our expenses for each year (including the first half of this year) of our travels. This is for two people in British pounds (with the totals converted into dollars at the current exchange rate in the last column).
|Daily Expenses||Flights||Extras||Business||Total (GBP)||Total (USD)1|
1. Exchange rate as of September 2013
2. First six months only
Our aim has never been to travel on a rock bottom budget. This is our life, not a time and budget limited trip, and we want to enjoy it. We are fairly careful about money but still manage to go where we want to go and do what we want to do. Our comfort level has increased since the first year as we now rarely stay in hostels (preferring apartments, boutique hotels, and family-run guesthouses) and we’ve started spending part of the year in more expensive countries. Our income has also increased so we feel more comfortable spending money. That’s reflected in an increase in our spending—up just under 10% in Year 2, and 16% in Year 3. If we continue spending at this year’s current rate we’re on track to spend about the same as Year 3 (update: we ended up spending slightly less).
Interestingly we have spent less each year than we did on our year-long round the world trip in 2007-8 which is due to the fact that we travel much more slowly these days in order to balance work and travel.
To give you a better idea of what we spent our money on here’s a breakdown of each year (click on the orange links for more detailed country budgets).
Year 1 (March 2010-February 2011)
We spent the entire first year in South America travelling from Brazil to Argentina and all the way up the continent to Colombia where we flew to Panama. You can see a more detailed breakdown of our spending per country in our South America budget. Here I’ve also included our flights from the UK to Brazil, and our travel and gear insurance. Our business expenses were much lower in the first year and were mostly one off items like a new Eee PC laptop, iPod Touch, Kindle, and hard drive.
Year 2 (March 2011-February 2012)
We started in Central America (Panama and Costa Rica) and then flew up to the US and on to Canada, back to the UK in the summer and then Asia: Hong Kong, Japan and Thailand. We had house sits for part of our time in the US and Japan so that helped to keep costs down. We lived in Chiang Mai for five months where you can have a high quality of life for a reasonable price, and slow travel is really much cheaper than moving around all the time.
As we flew a lot that year our flight costs were the highest yet, and we made the expensive mistake of booking a return ticket from Vancouver to London and then having to waste the second half of the ticket when our plans changed. We don’t book anything that far in advance any more.
Extras included white water rafting in Costa Rica, a week at Disney World with car hire in Florida and a couple of days at Disney in Japan (it was a fun year!), Thai visas and extensions, Burmese visas, and a few trips to the doctors in Chiang Mai.
Business expenses were up because I upgraded my Eee PC to a Macbook Air (so worth it!).
Year 3 (March 2012-February 2013)
Our third year as digital nomads began in Chiang Mai and we travelled to Burma, the Thai Islands with a side trip to Malaysia, and then spent the summer in Europe visiting the UK, Italy (twice, including a month in Tuscany), Belgium, and Portugal (including living in Lisbon for a month). We spent a month in Jordan and Egypt, took a quick trip to London and Miami, and ended the year living by the Caribbean for three months in Playa del Carmen, Mexico.
Spending five months in Europe and the Middle East (Egypt wasn’t as cheap as we’d hoped) meant that our daily expenses were definitely up this year and overall we spent 16% more than in year 2. Our travel expenses would have been even higher but in year 3 we started doing more sponsored travel either where tourist boards paid for our trips (Belgium, Jordan, and the Douro Valley in Portugal) or we worked in partnership with apartments, hotels and tour companies and received complimentary or discounted rates in exchange for writing about our experiences. This helps reduce our expenses and allows us to do things and visit places that we wouldn’t otherwise be able to, but the majority of our travel isn’t sponsored.
Extras included insurance (we now use True Traveller), doctors visits, Simon’s rabies vaccinations, and a new passport.
Business expenses were high because Simon upgraded to a 15 inch Macbook Retina (which he loves) and bought an unlocked iPhone 5. Our regular monthly business expenses have increased as our site has grown and we had to upgrade our hosting to a VPS (from a shared to virtual private server), pay for the Amazon content delivery network, and for Mailchimp which manages our newsletter. We also started paying a monthly fee for Adobe Creative Cloud which gives us access to software like Photoshop and Lightroom. We pay $99 a year for the iOS developer program so we can develop and sell our apps.
Year 4 (1st 6 months) (March 2013-August 2013)
During the first half of this year we travelled to Cuba, central Mexico, and then settled for another three months in the tiny Mexican beach town San Pancho, which again showed how affordable slow travel is. In July we spent a few weeks house sitting and staying with a friend in San Francisco, and did a week-long road trip to Sonoma County and Yosemite National Park. In August we visited the UK and started our cross-Europe train trip in Paris, Munich and Slovenia.
If our spending continues at the same rate for the second half of the year we’ll spend about the same as we did in year 3. That will all depend where we decide to spend the winter—we’re currently in Sicily and have no idea where we’ll go next.
Again business expenses are much higher because of our increased regular expenses and also because we went a bit crazy in the US. I bought a new camera and lens (a mirrorless Olympus OMD-EM5 to replace my seven year old SLR), and the file sizes were so big I promptly ran out of space on my Macbook Air and had to upgrade. Simon also bought an iPad mini—it was an expensive month!
Update: for a complete breakdown of what we spent see our Year 4 digital nomad budget.
How We Track our Expenses and Manage Our Money
I used to track our expenses by trying to remember what we’d spent and entering it in a spreadsheet at the end of each day. It was quite a frustrating exercise which is why Simon created our Trail Wallet iPhone app, so that we had a quick and easy way to track our expenses while we were out and about. I’ve been using that for a year now and we’ve been really pleased that other travellers have also found it useful and there are now thousands of fellow Trail Walleteers.
This week we launched Trail Wallet 2.0, a major update to the app with lots of new features like the ability to track your expenses by trip (with your own dates) as well as by month. As well as creating a trip for each place we visit I’ve also created a trip for “extras” to keep track of the expenses that aren’t location specific.
I also have a spreadsheet that tracks our income and summarises our expenses in the way we’ve shared above. On the first of each month I check every bank balance, plus our paypal accounts and the amount of cash we have on hand, and enter the totals in another spreadsheet so I have a clear picture of exactly how much money we have. It’s a good idea to check internet banking regularly anyway for any discrepancies.
We have multiple credit and debit cards in case we lose any, plus some emergency cash. We manage everything by internet banking.
You can read a more detailed post about how we manage our finances while travelling.
Before we left the UK we hadn’t yet started our online business so we saved enough to keep us going for the first year—we saved 75% of our joint income for nine months. Although we didn’t need most of our savings in the first year we have needed that safety net as our earnings vary each month. Our income has increased each year—we almost broke even in year 2 and finally did in year 3. We choose to work on things we love rather than things that would make us more money. We don’t earn a huge amount but it’s enough to cover a fairly comfortable life of full time travel and we love our life, so we’re happy with that.
We earn our living online. Simon started out doing freelance web design and development, but gave up client work this year to focus on creating our own iPhone apps. We also earn money from this site and from the rent on a house we still own in England (we couldn’t sell it unfortunately). See this post for more details on how we fund our travels.
We hope you’ve found this post useful and that it’s given you an idea of how much it costs for a couple to live a nomadic life working online as they travel the world. We certainly could travel more cheaply—by housesitting more, avoiding expensive countries, choosing cheaper accommodation, travelling more slowly, spending less on good food—but this isn’t a trip, it’s our life and we’re living it the way we want to.
We’re constantly amazed and grateful that we’re able to live a life of travel, that despite a modest income we can live by the Caribbean in Mexico and in the Tuscan countryside, we can spend our time scuba diving in Thailand, learning to cook in Japan, white water rafting in Slovenia, and eating our way around Italy. Living nomadically makes this possible because we’re not tied down with regular expenses like car payments and electricity bills, and we have the flexibility to adapt our lifestyle and spending to our income. If we need to save some money we’ll live in Thailand for a while, if we’ve got the cash why not temple hop around Japan or go wine tasting in California? The freedom our life gives us is priceless.
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The authors examine issues related to violent behavior exhibited by elderly patients during episodes of mental illness that are severe enough to warrant psychiatric hospitalization. The medical records of 195 geriatric patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital over a 9-year period were reviewed. During the 2 weeks before admission, 20% of the geriatric patients physically assaulted others, 20% engaged in fear-inducing behavior, and 60% were not violent. Patients with senile organic psychotic conditions were significantly more likely to attack others than were patients with other diagnoses. The most common victims of the patients' violent behavior were family members. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for treatment of geriatric psychiatric patients and their families.
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The faltering economy and stalled housing market have crimped Americans' wanderlust. The percentage of people who moved last year was the lowest since the federal government began collecting the information in 1948, new data show.
Of the 11.6 percent who did move in 2010, only 1.6 percent moved to a different state, according to data from the U.S. Census Bureau released Tuesday (November 15).
The top five state-to-state moves in 2010 were from California to Texas (68,959 movers), New York to Florida (55,011), Florida to Georgia (49,901), California to Arizona (47,164) and New Jersey to Pennsylvania (42,456).
When people moved a considerable distance — 500 or more miles — it was most likely for employment-related reasons, which were cited by 43.9 percent of such movers, as opposed to housing-related reasons, given by 11.6 percent, the bureau said. Conversely, when people didn't move far — fewer than 50 miles — 40.0 percent did so for housing-related reasons.
As of 2010, the majority of Americans (59 percent) lived in the state in which they were born. The state with the highest such percentage was Louisiana (78.8 percent), followed by Michigan (76.6 percent), Ohio (75.1 percent) and Pennsylvania (74.0 percent). Conversely, in four states — Alaska, Arizona, Florida and Nevada — and in the District of Columbia, fewer than 40 percent of residents were born in that state or state-equivalent. Nevada, with less than a quarter, had the lowest percentage in the nation.
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Susceptibility of GPS-Dependent Complex Systems to Spoofing
Keywords:GPS Receivers, Jamming, Spoofing, Vulnerabilities
AbstractGPS-based systems have been widely used in different critical sectors, including civilian and military applications. Despite of being able to provide great benefi ts, under certain circumstances they show to be highly vulnerable to intentional interferences. In this context, this article aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of different complex GPS-dependent systems to intentional interferences, focusing on the technique known as spoofi ng. This technique presents a high complexity and a great potential for damaging/deceiving complex systems, besides being diffi cult to identify and to implement countermeasures. Complex systems, like mobile phones, automobile receivers and aircraft receivers were submitted to different levels of spoofing,in free space and in a semi-anechoic chamber, being corrupted with low power levels of interference.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons — Attribution 4.0 International — CC BY 4.0. Authors are free to Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and Adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially). JATM allow the authors to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
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THE BEINGWELLMINDFULNESS FOR LIFE
The BeingWell is a not-for-profit mindfulness agency. We deliver mindfulness training in the workplace and share profits with the community. We have an offering for you whether you are looking to learn mindfulness as an individual, run mindfulness training at work, or are just curious to know a bit more.
We work towards our aspirations by using profits from business mindfulness training to bring mindfulness to more people in the neighbourhood.
At any one time, around 30,000 people living and working in Tower Hamlets experience common mental health difficulties such as anxiety and depression. The BeingWell makeS mindfulness more accessible to help tackle the problem.
We run mindfulness courses for everyone. Drop-in to a free Friday group. Or join us for an 8-week course. We can even tailor a 1-2-1 programme for you to suit your schedule and intentions to introduce mindfulness into your life.
Our mindfulness teachers have earned their ‘badges’ in terms of quality and depth of mindfulness training and integration into their own lives.
MINDFULNESS AT WORK
STAFF WELLNESS & DEVELOPMENT
From one-day tasters, modules on existing training courses to bespoke longer-term mindfulness courses to meet a business need. Mindfulness has drawn attention at the White House and 10 Downing Street, turned heads at the World Economic Forum and worked its way into the curricula of the world-famous business schools. A growing number of businesses are recognising what mindfulness has to offer and have been early adopters of mindfulness in the workplace.
NOT-FOR-PROFIT MINDFULNESS ORGANISATION
ABOUT THE BEINGWELL
The BeingWell is a well of a sort. We offer a wellspring of health. We show you how you can tap into your own inner reserves of resilience, vitality and peace. Mindfulness is a reservoir of resources you already have. Mindfulness is also a set of skills to have you reach your personal well of strength. As a not-for-profit organisation, we use profits to bring mindfulness to economically disadvantaged groups in Tower Hamlets and beyond.
GROUP COURSES, PRIVATE TUITION, DROP-IN CLASSES
COURSES FOR THE PUBLIC
We offer a range of courses, private tuition and drop-in classes for the general public. Our next brief Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) course is on Tuesdays from 7:15pm starting in February 2018. We also run drop-in classes for all levels of meditation experience. If you would prefer to have some one-2-one mindfulness tuition, you can also arrange to have this at a time to suit your schedule, pace and needs.
THE WISHING WELL
A SOCIAL ENTERPRISE FOR SOCIAL WELLNESS
A MINDFUL ORGANISATION
The BeingWell is mindful of how we run as an organisation. Compassion is a central component of mindfulness and we live this value in the heart of what we do. We wish our community well. And we use profits to support groups of people who otherwise might never have the opportunity to enjoy mindfulness more fully. By choosing us, you pound goes further. It reaches far into Tower Hamlets and beyond bringing resources to those in need.
“The awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally to the unfolding of experience moment by moment.”
“Mindfulness helps you to touch the wonders of life for self-nourishment and healing.”
THICH NHAT HANH
WHAT IS MINDFULNESS?
The word mindfulness means clear and kind awareness. It is being alive and present to the external and internal world in the moment. Mindfulness is taught through meditation. During the practice, you train the mind to focused and concentrated. After a while, you will notice the habitual patterns of your mind. You will begin to learn to manage your emotions more effectively, rather than resorting to suppression or avoidance.
The above quote from Professor Kabat-Zinn, is the most widely cited definition of secular mindfulness. Thich Nhat Hanh is a world-renowned and much loved teacher. In the video clip, Professor Mark Williams of Oxford University gives a brief introduction to mindfulness. Sometimes mindfulness is explained through poetry and metaphor (see some examples in the section below). But the best way to understand mindfulness is to give it a go. Why not sign up for a £5 drop-in class?
“Like subterranean water…we are talking here of interior resources deep within ourselves, innate to us as human beings, resources that can be tapped and utilised, brought to the fore.”
PROFESSOR JON KABAT-ZINN
“There are deep wellsprings of peace and contentment living inside us all, no matter how trapped and distraught we might feel.”
PROFESSOR MARK WILLIAMS
“I would like to live
like a river flows
Carried by the surprise,
of its own unfolding.”
“We can make our minds so like still water that beings gather about us, that they may see, it may be, their own images, and so live for a moment with a clearer, perhaps even with a fiercer life because of our quiet.“
“There is a story about a well fed by tiny springs that always gave a good supply of water. One day the well was covered up and forgotten until somebody uncovered it years later. Because nobody had drawn water from it, the springs had stopped feeding it and the well had dried up. It’s the same with us: we can give of ourselves and open further, or we can hold back and dry up.“
CHARLOTTE JOKO BECK
“Nothing in the world is more flexible and yielding than water. Yet when it attacks the firm and the strong, none can withstand it, because they have no way to change it. So the flexible overcome the adamant, the yielding overcome the forceful.”
“Drop by drop is the water pot filled. Likewise, the wise man, gathering it little by little, fills himself with good.”
“The grass is always greener where you water it.”
“You are not a drop in the ocean, you are an ocean in a drop.”
“If you let cloudy water settle, it will become clear. If you let your upset mind settle, your course will also become clear.”
All of our courses meet the guidelines set by the UK Network for Mindfulness Based Teachers. Our teachers are trained to deliver programmes which have been developed by an international community of academics, researchers and mindfulness practitioners. The courses we teach have an evidence base for effectiveness.
We run drop-in sessions with lively discussions following a video or audio-recording from an internationally recognised mindfulness teacher We also have a short live guided meditation sitting with an opportunity for you to share your experiences and hear from others.
8-WEEK COURSE: February 2018
This course is a brief Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) curriculum. MBCT was developed at Oxford University and has won recognition from the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the treatment of recurrent depression. The BeingWell prides itself on running quality courses with a maximum of 10 participants and led by highly-qualified chartered psychologists and psychotherapists.
Find out more here.
TRAINING AT WORK
Mindfulness has drawn attention at the White House and 10 Downing Street, turned heads at the World Economic Forum and worked its way into the curricula of the world-famous business schools. A growing number of businesses are recognising what mindfulness has to offer and have been early adopters of mindfulness in the workplace. This includes Google, GlaxoSmithKline, KPMG, and PricewaterhouseCoopers, Transport for London (TfL) and The Cabinet Office.
Let us know your availability to attend your own personalised class or programme, whether you would prefer a shorter or longer course and you can also choose to have shorter or longer meditation audio recordings to practice during the week. It is the same fee whether it’s just yourself or whether up to two friends join you.
The BeingWell’s practitioners all meet and follow the standards, criteria and best practice guidelines set by the UK Network for Mindfulness Based Teachers. In addition, we have attained academic achievement in our own fields spanning psychology, group training and facilitation. You can therefore be confident that you have a teacher with an wider and deeper knowledge of how mindfulness sits within modern theories of human functioning.
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Liberalism, Loose or Strict
There is a built-in mechanism in democracy for the state to buy support from some by abusing the rule of submission and exploiting others.
Political doctrines can be understood and interpreted in many ways, but in order to survive and prosper, each doctrine needs some irreducible, constant element that represents its distinct identity and that cannot change without the doctrine losing its essential character. Nationalism must hold out sovereignty, the safeguarding and if possible the expansion of a territory, a language and a race as the chief goals of policy. If it did not, it would no longer be nationalism but something else. Socialism appears in many guises, but all its versions have at least one common, inalterable feature, namely the insistence that all wealth is created by society, not by individual members of it. Society is entitled to distribute wealth in whatever way fits its conception of justice. Common ownership of the means of production and equality of wellbeing are derivatives of this basic thesis. It is my contention that liberalism has never had such an irreducible and unalterable core element. As a doctrine, it has always been rather loose, tolerant of heterogenous components, easy to influence, easy to infiltrate by alien ideas that are in fact inconsistent with any coherent version of it. One is tempted to say that liberalism cannot protect itself because its “immune system” is too weak.
Current usage of the words “liberal” and “liberalism” is symptomatic of the Protean character of what the names are meant to signify. “Classical” liberalism is about the desirability of limited government and what goes by the name of laissez faire combined with a broad streak of utilitarianism that calls not for limited, but for active government. American liberalism is mainly concerned with race, homosexuality, abortion, victimless crimes and in general with “rights”. In mid-Atlantic English, a liberal is what most Europeans would call a social democrat, while in French “liberal” is a pejorative word, often meant as an insult, and “liberalism” is a farrago of obsolete fallacies that only the stupid or the dishonest have the audacity to profess. These disparate usage do not have much in common. It should not surprise us that they do not.
Loose doctrine on loose foundation
Much of its lack of a firm identity is explained by liberalism's foundations. At its deepest, the doctrine seems to spring from the love of liberty. In more philosophical language, liberty is a value, final or instrumental, that we hold dear. All the superstructure of liberalism is made to rest on this easily acceptable value judgment. However, liberty is not the sole value - not even the sole political value. It has many rivals; security of person and property, security of subsistence, equality of all kinds, protection for the weak against the strong, the progress of knowledge and the arts, glory and greatness spring to mind, and the list could be virtually endless. Many if not most of these values can only be realised at the cost of curtailing freedom. It is contrary to the liberal spirit of tolerance and love of liberty to try and reject these values and to dispute anyone's freedom to cherish some of them even at the expense of freedom. The love of liberty allows tradeofs between it and other things. How much freedom should be given up for how much security or equality or any other worthy objective that at least some people want to achieve, is obviously a subjective matter, my value against your value, my argument against yours. Disagreement is legitimate. From this foundation, therefore, the evolution of the doctrine tends towards allowing rival values more and more Lebensraum, to incorporate and cooperate with them. What surfaces is a variable mish-mash, all things to all men.
Utilitarianism and the Harm Principle
Utilitarianism and the Harm Principle This evolution, almost predestined by the dependence of the doctrine on value judgments, was pushed further forward by the teachings of the three most influential theorists of classical liberalism, Bentham, James Mill and John Stuart Mill.
They made one-man-one-vote and the good of the greatest number into an imperative of political morality, establishing a wholly arbitrary, if not downright self-contradictory, linkage between democracy and liberalism. This linkage has since achieved the status of a selfevident truth. It is being repeated with parrot-like docility in modern political discourse, and is doing much to empty liberalism of any firm identity.
They also bear much of the responsibility for endowing liberalism with an utilitarian agenda. Liberal politics became politics of betterment in all directions. There is always an inexhaustible fund of good ideas for improving things by reforming and changing institutions, making new laws, new regulations and perhaps above all by constantly adjusting the distribution of wealth and income so as to make it yield more “total utility”. John Stuart Mill has quite explicitly laid down that while the production of wealth was governed by economic laws, its distribution was for society to decide. Utilitarianism made this not only legitimate, but actually mandatory, for failing to increase total utility by redistributing incomes is to fail doing the good that you could do. A mandate for overall betterment is, of course, a sure recipe for unlimited government.
Many defenders of classical liberalism interpret Mill's famous Harm Principle as the safeguard against precisely this tendency of utilitarian thought. The principle looks like a barrier to the state's boundless growth. “…the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilised community against his will” — states Mill —“ is to prevent harm to others”.(1) However, what constitutes harm and how much harm justifies the use of state power, are inherently subjective matters of judgment. There is a vast area of putative or real externalities which some regard as grounds for government interference while others consider that they are simply facts of life, to be left to sort themselves out. The harm principle, being wide open to interpretation, is progressively expanding its domain. Today, omission is amalgamated with commission.“Not helping someone is to harm him”; the harm principle is invoked by certain modern political philosophers to make it mandatory for the state to force the well off to assist those who would be harmed by the lack of assistance. There may well be strong arguments for forcing some people to help others, but it is surprising to find one that is supposed to be quintessentially liberal.
Observing the effects of good intentions is often a matter for bitter irony. Locke tried with his innocent-looking proviso to prove the legitimacy of ownership and succeeded in undermining its moral basis. J.S. Mill thought that he was defending liberty, but what he achieved was to shackle it in strands of confusion.
In order to prevent it from becoming indistinguishable from socialism, unprincipled pragmatism or just plain ad-hockery, liberalism must become more strict. It needs different foundations, and its structure must be made minimal and simple, so as better to resist the penetration of alien elements.
I suggest that two basic propositions, one logical and one moral, suffice to construct a new, stricter liberal doctrine capable of defending its identity. One is the presumption of freedom, the other the rejection of the rules of submission that imply the obligation of political obedience.
The Presumption of Freedom
The presumption of freedom should be understood to mean that any act a person wishes to perform is deemed to be free — not to be interfered with, regulated, taxed or punished — unless sufficient reason is shown why it should not be free.
Some deny that there is, or ought to be, such a presumption(2). However, the presumption is not a matter of opinion or evaluation that can be debated and denied. It is a strict logical consequence of the difference between two meanings of testing the validity of a statement, namely falsification and verification.
There may be an indefinite number of potential reasons that speak against an act you wish to perform. Some may be sufficient, valid, others (perhaps all) insufficient, false. You may falsify them one by one. But no matter how many you succeed in falsifying, there may still be some left and you can never prove that there are none left. In other words, the statement that this act would be harmful is unfalsifiable. Since you cannot falsify it putting on you the burden of proving that it would be harmless is nonsensical, a violation of elementary logic. On the other hand, any specific reason objectors may advance against the act in question is verifiable. If they have such reasons, the burden of proof is on them to verify that some or all of them are in fact sufficient to justify interference with the act.
All this seems trivially simple. In fact, it is simple, but not trivial. On the contrary, it is of decisive importance in conditioning the intellectual climate, the “culture” of a political community. The presumption of liberty must be vigorously affirmed, if only to serve as an antidote against the spread of “rightsism” that would contradict and undermine it, and that has done so much to distort and emasculate liberalism in recent decades. “Rightsism” purports solemnely to recognise that people have “rights” to do certain specific things and that certain other things ought not to be done to them. On closer analysis, these “rights” turn out to be the exceptions to a tacitly understood general rule that everything else is forbidden; for if it were not, announcing “rights” to engage in free acts would be redundant and pointless. The silliness that underlies “rightsism”, and the appalling effect it exerts upon the political climate, illustrates how far the looseness of current liberal thought can drift away from a more strict structure that would serve the cause of liberty instead of stifling it in pomposity and confusion.
The Rule of Submission
“The king in his council has expressed his will, and his will shall be obeyed by all” is a rule of submission. So are therules that required the citizens of Venice to obey the Signoria, that gave the power to make laws to a majority of a legislature and the power to elect legislators to a majority of voters. The latter of these rules are more “democratic” than the former, but they all share the same essential feature, the obligation of all in a community to submit to the decisions of only some of them. Moreover, every such rule imposes the obligation to submit to decisions reached by certain persons in certain ways so to speak in advance, before knowing what those decisions are in fact going to be.
Reasons of practical expediency can be found why this must be so if the business of government is to be transacted. The reasons may be good ones, but the rule they call for is no less outrageous for all that. Submission can be morally acceptable if it is voluntary, and voluntary submission by rational individuals is conceivable on a case-by-case basis, on the merits of particular propositions. As a general rule, that amounts to signing a blank cheque, however, it can hardly be both voluntary and rational. If a general rule of submission is necessary for governing — which it might well be — then the legitimacy of government, any type of government, turns out to be morally indefensible.
Does this mean that strict liberals cannot loyally accept the government of their country as legitimate, and are in effect advocating anarchy? Logically, the answer to both questions must be “yes”, but it is a “yes” whose practical consequences are necessarily constrained by the realities of our social condition.
Orderly social practices that coordinate individual behaviour so as to produce reasonably efficient and peaceful cooperation, can be imposed by law and regulation. Today, many of our practices are in fact so imposed, many, but not all. Some important and many less vital yet useful ones are matters of convention.
Unlike a law that must rely on the rule of submission, a convention is voluntary. It is a spontaneously emerging equilibrium in which everybody adopts a behaviour that will produce the best result for him given the behaviour that he anticipates everybody else to adopt. In this reciprocal adjustment to each other, nobody can depart from the equilibrium and expect to profit from it, because he will expect to be punished for it by others also departing from the equilibrium. Unlike a law that depends on enforcement, a convention is thus self-enforcing. Its moral standing is assured because it preserves voluntariness.
David Hume was the first major philosopher systematically to identify conventions in general, and two particularly vital conventions, that of property and of promising in particular. Hayek's fundamental idea of the “spontaneous order” can best be understood in terms of conventions. We owe the rigorous explanation of the self-enforcing nature of conventions to John Nash, and more recent developments in game theory show that conflict-ridden social cooperation problems formerly believed to be “dilemmas” requiring state intervention, in fact have potential solutions in conventions.
The Strictly Liberal Agenda
It is easy to describe plausible scenarios in which spontaneous conventions emerge to suppress torts and protect life and limb, property and contract(3). However, such scenarios are written on a blank page, whilst in reality the page is already covered with what the past has written on it. In the West, at least two centuries of ever more elaborate legislation, regulation, taxation and public services - in short, recourse to the rule of submission — have bred a reliance on the state for securing social cooperation. Society has therefore less need for the old conventions, and its muscles for maintaining old conventions and generating new ones have atrophied.
In the face of this reality, it is probably vain to expect the collapse of a state to be followed by the emergence of ordered anarchy. The likeliest scenario is perhaps the emergence of another state, possibly nastier than its predecessor.
This limits the practical agenda of strict liberalism. Despite the logic of the thesis that the state is intrinsically unnecessary, and the attractiveness of ordered anarchy, it is hardly worth the effort to advocate the abolition of the state. But it is worth the effort constantly to challenge its legitimacy. The pious lie of a social contract must not be allowed to let the state complacently to take the obedience of its subjects too much for granted. There is a built-in mechanism in democracy for the state to buy support from some by abusing the rule of submission and exploiting others. Loose liberalism has come to call this social justice. The best strict liberalism can do is to combat this intrusion of the state step by step, at the margin where some private ground may yet be preserved and where some public ground may perhaps even be regained.
(1) J.S.Mill, “On Liberty”, ch.I., para 9.
(2) J.S.Mill, “On Liberty”, ch.I., para 9. Notably Joseph Raz, “The Morality of Freedom”, Oxford 1986, The Clarendon Press, pp.8—12.
(3) Cf. Jasay, Against Politics, London 1997, Routledge, Ch.9, “Conventions: Some Thoughts on the Economics of Ordered Anarchy”.
Anthony de Jasay is the author, a.o., of “The State” (Oxford, 1985), “Social Contract, Free Ride” (Oxford 1989) and “Against Politics” (London,1997). His latest book, “Justice and Its Surroundings”, was published by Liberty Fund in 2002.
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McClean: Pouring Gels for Electrophoresis
The normal method of pouring gels wastes agarose if you only need to run a few lanes. Instead, by preparing gels on double-wide microscope slides, you're able to prolong the life of your agarose stock by quite a while.
- Prepared Agarose
- 75 mm by 50 mm microscope slides (Sigma CLS294775X50 or equivalent)
- One 10 mL pipet
- Gel comb with 2" binder clips attached to each end
- A manual (read: non-electric) pipet filler
- After heating the agarose, let cool until warm, but not hot, to the touch (similar to when we pour plates)
- Meanwhile, adjust the comb so that it is just above the slide. Best way to do this is to layer another slide on top of the first and adjust the comb and binder clips so that the comb is firmly resting on the top slide. Remove this slide and continue.
- Adjust the comb over the slide so that it is parallel to and about a centimeter down from the top of the slide. Try to avoid having the teeth of the comb partially hang over the edges of the slide if you can help it.
- Fill the pipet with agarose to just over 10 mL and, while maintaining even flow, pour on the slide until about half of a mL remains. Letting the pipet empty fully runs the risk of individual drops of agarose falling on the gel, disrupting surface tension, and making a mess.
- When the gel is cool, pull the comb out gently while holding the edges of the gel with your fingers.
- Put the gel, still on the slide, in the gel box and load. Make sure it is straight before you turn the power on.
- Be sure to remove the glass slide before you image the gel.
Please feel free to post comments, questions, or improvements to this protocol. Happy to have your input!
- List troubleshooting tips here.
- You can also link to FAQs/tips provided by other sources such as the manufacturer or other websites.
- Anecdotal observations that might be of use to others can also be posted here.
Please sign your name to your note by adding '''*~~~~''': to the beginning of your tip.
or instead, discuss this protocol.
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What is the bras plug -in, what role, and how much do you know?
Our female friends will encounter such two bras when choosing bras, that is, the bras with insertion and non -inserted bras. As far as the domestic brater market, the bras with plug -in, accounting for more than 62%of the large share, catering to the needs of Oriental women’s breasts and beautiful breasts with large chassis and chest -like petite characteristics
Return to the topic, and then share the related bras knowledge points about bras plug -in. It mainly allows the girls to have a comprehensive understanding through the following aspects.
What is the bras plug -in
The bras of the bras are also called the chest pad. Because the plug -in slices are mostly the shape of the dumplings, the Chinese on the tip of the tongue are also called “bras dumplings”. East stuff.
What are the materials and specifications of the bras plug -in
The most used are sponge pads and cotton pads, and there are essential oil chest pads, ordinary water bag plugs, inflatable plugs, silicone plugs, and so on. The thickness specifications of insertion are generally ranging from 8-15mm.
What is the effect of bras plug -in
Because the bras are also called the chest pad, the most direct and effective effect is the visual effects of height and increasing the chest shape. In addition, it can also be concentrated in gathered the effect of chest fat and the physical auxiliary effect of preventing the chest expansion.
Who is suitable for wearing and plug -in bra
From the intention of inserting pieces, it is more suitable for petite breasts. In addition, women like the chest expansion and the big side of the chest can improve and modify the chest shape by inserting the slices. It is recommended that girls with full breasts (above D cup) do not need to wear it, avoid too much, attract “wolf friends”.
Is the girl’s bra?
Girls are divided into developmental girls (9-15 years old) and adolescent girls (16-22 years old). The former chooses underwear to promote chest development and cover bumps. Because the development is basically formed, it is in the period of the chest shaped, and the bras with inserted slices can be used to correct and improve.
Is it the same effect of wearing a bra and thick underwear, thick film cup, medium -sized cup, and thin and lower thick cups?
Generally speaking, the bras with a piece of inserted slices are mainly thin bras (cup thick 3-6mm). Among them, the plug -in effect of the bra and thick film cup, medium model cup, and upper and lower cups have the same effect, but it is just It can achieve the effect of the chest in a mobilized way to disassemble the chest. However, if the cup is not close, inserted may run in the daily life activities of the girls.
What are the dangers of the bra with a piece of inserted slices
There is no hidden health hazard in the bras of women wearing slices, but girls have to pay attention to the quality of inserting slices, such as sponge pads, essential oil bags, and silicone inserts. Or the material is inferior.
Essential oil soft beads breast enhancement massage chest pads
Which one is better for the bras and non -insertion slices?
This is not better and only more suitable. Will the bras with inserting slices affect the effect?
If the chest shape is extremely petite or flat, the chest shape effect is definitely not so straight to remove the insertion; if the bras (BC cup) have a good gathering adjustment function, the impact is not great.
Inflatable chest pad
Can you use a piece of plug -in?
The answer is: No
In the use of the bras, the cup must be equipped with a piece of bag or Jiamei pocket. If there is no picked pocket, one, the insert cannot always be in a correct position; second, the insertion is easy to drop.
What is the difference between plug -in bags and Jiameian
In fact, it is very good to distinguish. The plug -in bag is open, suitable for thin chest pads such as sponge pads, cotton pads, etc.; and Jiamei Panel is fully inclusive, suitable for those essential oil chest pads, ordinary water bottle inserts, inflatable types, inflatable types Inserting, silicone plug -in, etc., thick chest pads.
Is there a piece of vest underwear?
Vest -type underwear is mostly sports underwear or developmental girl underwear, and the bras of the bra are active (freely disassembled), so it is not advisable to choose a style of insertion.
Which side is positive, how to put it is correct
There is no distinction between the plugs of the bra, only the distinction between up and down and left and right. How to put it or how to insert it on the pointed on the pointed head like melon seed -type plug -in, and the method of round heads is sufficient, and the insertion method like dumplings is: a larger arc on one side facing the outside of the breast, the arc is smaller one, one is one smaller one, and the arc is smaller. Just facing the inside of the breasts. Generally, try a few more times, and the appropriate position is mastered.
Is it the same way to wear a piece and the bras without insertion
It can only be said that the same is the same, the only difference is where the insertion is put in (some people like to put it in advance, some people like to put it in front of the buckle, and some people like to put it in after the buckle. This method can probably know the position that the insert should be placed, and not the elasticity and shape of the cup). Finally, adjust the details of the insertion position and the entire bras to achieve the comfort.
How to clean the bra with inserted slices
In fact, the method of cleaning is similar, but more emphasizes the cleaning of the insertion, so before cleaning, please take out the insertion and immerse it into the water with a neutral detergent (about 25 degrees Celsius) with a neutral detergent. Soak for about 3-5 minutes. You can lightly pat it with your hands, and then gently press the sewage. Remember not to brush hard, otherwise you will wash it a few times!
After washing, find a large towel to suck the water, the better, and finally the inserted slices are smooth and dried or dry it if the temperature should be dried (the temperature should not be too high). Remember to store it without drying. Bacteria breeding!
How to clean the bra with inserted slices
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Top 8 Math Tips To Get Rid of Your Fear
Math- A four-letter word that has been dreaded by students all over the world, for years! If you’ve always harbored mathematic woes and get really stressed over the sheer through of the subject, this blog is your one-true guide towards finding the light! You might have always hunted for effective math tips that can help you overcome these fears of yours, but trust us, once you understand some of the most prudent math tips and tricks, it is truly a joyride.
If at all you’re finding it tough to cope with maths at school, especially when you’re inching closer to your board exams, you might want to sign up for classes that can help you out. It is important to understand that your school teacher might not be able to give your his/her undivided attention in a class of numerous other students, hence leaving you with truckloads of doubts. To help you strengthen your confidence, learn the best maths exam tips, and build a strong foundation, you can find the best guidance at Tutoratti. You can find one of our centers in Maharashtra at Pune (Sinhagad Road, Kondhwa, Aundh, Camp, and Kothrud), Pimpri Chinchwad, Raigad-Panvel and Navi Mumbai-Kharghar.
Know that you know whom to entrust with your math phobia, let’s look at you can turn your trepidation into triumph! Here are the top 8 math tips you need to know for a stellar score in all your exams!
- Keep An Open Mind:
Address your Math phobia and come to terms with the fact that it’s just another subject you need to understand, in order to apply it in real life, forever. Keep it simple and be ready to shed away all your preconceived notions. Sit quietly, breathe, and tell yourself that you can do this! No matter how many amazing math tips and tricks there are, you have to take the first step by yourself. Keep an open and unfazed mind to move forward!
- Get To The Basics:
Go back to the basics of the subject. The best maths exam tip that helps you uproot your fear, is to build a rock-solid foundation. If your fundamentals are strong, you are invincible. Let’s cite an easy example here. If a building is made of weak beams and foundations, it is bound to take a fall. Similarly, if you aren’t well-versed with the foundations of a subject, building upon it can be a failure, adding to your already troublesome stress. Go ahead and hook yourself onto some online videos and courses that can help you understand these concepts visually. If all else fails, get onboard a coaching class that can help you clear your doubts and help you build your concepts.
- Solve Every Day:
Practice makes perfect. One of the most effective math tips is to solve at least 5 to 10 sums each day, apart from your regular homework and self-study. Make it a habit to assess yourself and build your confidence by solving as many questions you can. Take your time and don’t stress. The more you solve, the better you’ll understand. It is absolutely alright if you find yourself answering wrong at times, remember to learn from these mistakes, any way you can!
- Ask Questions:
If you have a doubt or concern, raise it immediately. Don’t shy away from asking questions at school, or during your classes. If you find yourself stuck, the best math tip is to ask for the right guidance. Be it your parents, friends or teachers, be sure to communicate with them and ask them to explain these concepts to you!
- Apply It In Real Life:
From counting money to calculating distances, try incorporating math in your daily life to make it seem less daunting. Try ditching the use of a calculator or your phone and get crunching numbers in daily situations all by yourself! This math exam tip will help you relate math questions to your daily life even during your exams!
- Break it Down:
If you find word problems extremely tough, try breaking them down into bits and visualize them by relating it to real-life incidents. Keep calm and jot down points or doodles that can help you work your way through.
- Hang Out With The Math-Whizz
If your friend is a total math whizz, try studying with him/her to get some info on the best tips and tricks that they use! This will help you understand relevant ways in which people your age are attempting to solve math questions, whilst building your confidence with the ease of contact and communication.
- Play Math Games:
Games can never be stressful. Try taking your fear of maths away by playing loads of fun math games that are available online. This math tip can help you take a playful and visual-led approach to make math a lot more fun! Play different games for a while each day, go ahead and explore!
Whilst following each of these pointers carefully, always remember to keep calm. The less you panic, the fewer mistakes you make! Now that you know the recipe to success when it comes to your math phobia, start your journey towards success with the best math classes that can guide you through the tedious process of studying for your exams! For more information about our online coaching, visit the Tutoratti website, or call us on +91-8484818247.
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APTN National News
First Nations in New Brunswick are gearing up for what could be one of Canada’s largest infrastructure projects.
The Energy East pipeline will bring tar sands bitumen from Alberta to a refinery in Saint John, NB.
Last week, TransCanada filed its paperwork to kick-start the regulatory process.
While the fate of the project now lies with the National Energy Board, Mi’kmaq and Maliseet leaders say their input is necessary.
APTN’s Trina Roache has this story.
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What is the best way to cook a standing rib roast?
- Directions Allow roast to stand at room temperature for at least 1 hour. Preheat the oven to 375 degree F. Rub roast with House Seasoning; place roast on a rack in the pan with the rib side down and the fatty side up.
Do you cook a prime rib roast covered or uncovered?
Remove the prime rib from the oven, cover with a foil and rest for about 30 minutes.
Increase the oven temperature to 500°F (260°C).
10 minutes before serving, pop the prime rib into the oven, uncovered, and cook it until it’s nice and brown, and crisp on the outside, about 6-10 minutes.15 Mar 2016
Is there a difference between standing rib roast and prime rib?
Unlike some of the other steak cuts we compare, these cuts of steaks come from the same primal cut of beef. Prime rib is also known as standing rib roast. The roast comes from the primal rib section of the animal. Although prime rib contains “prime” in its name this does not mean that it is USDA Prime.
How long does it take to cook a prime rib roast at 350 degrees?
For cooking instructions for prime rib roast that is boneless the basic cooking time is for medium is a 3 to 4 pound prime rib roast should be cooked at 350 degrees Fahrenheit for 23 to 30 minutes per pound, for a 4 to 6 pound prime rib roast you should cook it at 350 degrees Fahrenheit for 18 to 20 minutes per pound
How long should prime rib be cooked?
Place the roast in a high-sided roasting pan bone-side down. The bones create a natural roasting rack for the meat, so don’t worry if you don’t have one. Cook the roast for 15 minutes, then reduce the oven temperature to 325 degrees. Continue to cook the roast until your meat thermometer reads 120 degrees.18 Dec 2019
Do you put water in bottom of roasting pan?
Adding water to the bottom of the roaster oven before cooking defeats the purpose of the unit, as its function is to roast, not steam, the food. During cooking, juices released by the bird or roast drip to the bottom of the cooking pan and are recycled as they travel up and around during the evaporation process.
How do you know when a prime rib is done without a thermometer?
Go in at an angle in the middle of the cut, wait for a second, and then touch the tester to your wrist. If it’s cold, the meat is raw. If it’s warm—close to your body temperature—then the meat is medium rare. If it’s hot, it’s well done.
Why is prime rib so expensive?
A full prime rib is cut from the 6th through 12th ribs of the cow, so seven ribs in total. It’s a smaller cut with less fat and is a leaner, more expensive purchase. There’s also the chuck-end rib roast or “second cut” which is cheaper, bigger, and has more layers of fat. Leave the fat cap on your prime rib.
How do restaurants reheat prime rib?
Preheat your oven to 250F, and add the slices of prime rib to a small baking pan with a few tablespoons of broth (water works too, but might dilute the flavor of the meat a bit). Cover the pan tightly with foil and warm it in oven until the prime rib slices feel like they’ve heated through, about 10 minutes.
How much does a 10 lb prime rib cost?
If you are looking for “the prime rib” you might get a restaurant you would be good to get a standing rib roast for $8.99/pound. If you want USDA Prime grade beef, then Costco offers a Whole Boneless Ribeye for $11.49/pound.
Should Prime Rib be at room temperature before cooking?
Be sure to allow the prime rib to set out at room temperature for approximately two hours before cooking. Allow it to reach room temperature before cooking because the roast should not be cold when it starts to cook.
Should you season prime rib overnight?
For best results, salt your prime rib on all surfaces with kosher salt at least 45 minutes before you start cooking it, and preferably the day before, leaving it in the fridge uncovered overnight. Initially, the salt will draw out some moisture and end up dissolving in it.
How long do you cook a roast at 350 degrees?
- Heat oven to 350°F. Arrange roast and all vegetables in ungreased 13×9-inch (3-quart) baking dish. Sprinkle with all remaining ingredients except water. Pour water over top. Cover with foil.
- Bake at 350°F. for 2 to 2 1/2 hours or until beef and vegetables are tender. Serve with pan juices.
What temperature should a prime rib be cooked to?
For optimal flavor and texture, cook prime rib to medium rare or an internal temperature of 130-135°F. Ideally, you want to remove the meat from the oven or grill when the temperature reaches 120-125°F (rare) and let it rest for about 20 to 30 minutes before slicing.
How does Gordon Ramsay cook prime rib?
Heat the oven to 400°F (200°C). Season the beef with salt and pepper; sear in a hot roasting pan with the olive oil to brown on all sides, 3 to 4 minutes each side. Transfer to oven; roast, allowing 15 minutes a pound (450 g) for rare or 20 minutes a pound (450 g) for medium.
Is prime rib cooked fat side up?
Place the roast, fat side up, rib side down in a roasting pan in the oven. After 15 minutes on 500°F, reduce the heat to 325°F. A flatter roast will cook more quickly than a thicker one. So make sure to use a meat thermometer.
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UX design considerations for virtual reality
With the release of the PlayStation VR last week, I thought I’d just take a few minutes to talk about why VR is such an exciting technology and design space, and some of my experiences working in the field.
A leap forward
Firstly, it’s thrilling to see how far virtual reality has come just in the last few years. When I started working at the University of Guelph’s CDRU back in early 2012, we were running a fairly straightforward VR simulation. It consisted of a single street in a generic-looking neighbourhood, with a stream of oncoming traffic from the left. Our test subjects would stand on the sidewalk, and try to cross the street safely.
Our equipment was quite limited compared to what’s available today. Positional tracking was handled with a series of (expensive) cameras mounted to the walls around the simulation room (which were prone to malfunctioning on the regular). The headset itself had a relatively low-resolution display, was quite heavy, and was attached to a backpack and a genuine tangle of cables. When a participant in our study walked across the street, a research assistant had to walk with them carrying all of the cables. When the participant reached the other side of the street and turned to walk back, they had to turn in a particular direction to avoid getting tangled.
Today, the PlayStation VR setup consists of a single PlayStation Camera placed in front of your television, and a single HDMI or USB connection to the PlayStation 4. Most importantly, you don’t need a research assistant to follow you around your living room!
The brain buys in
Perhaps more importantly, the technology available now (the Oculus Rift, HTC Vive, PlayStation VR) is much more immersive than what we were using at the CDRU back then. One of the biggest limitations of our headset at the time was its extremely limited field-of-view, or FOV (the amount of the world visible at any given moment). Our headset at the time had a horizontal FOV of less than 60 degrees, which is significantly smaller than a human’s natural FOV (close to 180 degrees). This gave the impression of tunnel vision, meaning you could really only see what was more or less directly in front of you.
In comparison, the PlayStation VR has a horizontal FOV of 100 degrees, while the HTC Vive and Oculus Rift sport a horizontal FOV of 110 degrees. That’s still more limited than natural human vision, but it’s significantly more immersive than what we had available even a few short years ago.
When we got our hands on the Oculus Rift DK2 at the CDRU, what impressed me the most was how quickly the brain seems to “buy in” to the virtual environment, how quickly it seems like you’re actually there. In one memorable episode, we had the newest member of our lab’s team try on the Rift for the first time, and when he accidentally walked into a tree in our simulation, he threw his hands out in front of him to brace for the impact, knocking a full cup of coffee all over our equipment.
One issue that VR users might find themselves running into (no pun intended) on account of this immersion is safety. Since you’re so fully immersed in the virtual world, and have no vision of where you are in the real world, you could easily find yourself running into a table, tripping over a couch, or some other mishap. Once, while helping to calibrate our simulation, a research assistant walked face first into a wall. Luckily, the only thing injured was her pride, but we had to have an additional research assistant making sure that nobody walked into anything in the future. The PlayStation VR has a smaller workable tracking area (3m by 2m) than we had available, but users will have to make sure that their space is clear of hazards (or hire an assistant).
It’s important that UX designers take safety into account when designing for VR applications, which has not meaningfully been an issue on other mediums.
In short, it’s great to see this fantastic technology becoming available to more people, and I’m looking forward to seeing it catch on. I’ve got another post coming with some design considerations for developing VR applications, including some issues that we ran into at the CDRU.
(A version of this post originally appeared on my personal blog)
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Much has been written about the Prime Minister’s Literary Awards (PMLAs), now in their seventh year. Advances was at the National Gallery of Victoria on 8 December when the winners were named. An opulent affair, it was televised by Sky News and SBS à la the Man Booker Prize. The Great Hall – deemed rather small by one distinguished literary editor from Sydney – was full of publishers and journalists, but also assorted politicians, festival directors, and senior bureaucrats. Happily, there were many shortlisted authors amid the potentates.
Kevin Rudd, who created these awards in 2008, tended to stay away, which always felt odd – and discouraging. This year Tony Abbott and his entourage were there in force. The prime minister gave every impression that the government will maintain these awards.
These are lucrative prizes, liberating for winners. Each of them is worth a total of $100,000 tax free (would that more literary prizes were similarly exempt). This year, three of the six prizes were shared – Australian History, Non-Fiction, and Fiction. This seems sensible, given the value of these prizes.
‘None of the winners’ speeches was as riveting as Michelle de Kretser’s in Brisbane last year ... but, with one exception, the speeches were generous, witty, thoughtful – and succinct’
None of the winners’ speeches was as riveting as Michelle de Kretser’s in Brisbane last year – when she lambasted the Rudd government (in front of Tony Burke, the immigration and arts minister) for its treatment of asylum seekers – but, with one exception, the speeches were generous, witty, thoughtful – and succinct. Melinda Smith – winner of the poetry award with her fourth collection, arrestingly titled Drag Down to Unlock or Place an Emergency Call – chose to dedicate her prize to Australian carers. (What a coup it was for new publisher Pitt Street Poetry to have two nominees on the five-strong shortlist.) Bob Graham, winner in the Children’s Fiction category, pointedly donated some of his prize money to the Asylum Seeker Resource Centre. Then came Fiction. Advances was seated on the HarperCollins table and can attest to the comprehensive shock that Steven Carroll received when he was named co-winner with Richard Flanagan. Flanagan had a long, pally tête-à-tête with the prime minister, then announced that he intended to donate his prize money ($40,000) to the Indigenous Literacy Foundation, a popular gesture.
Hal G.P. Colebatch – a surprise co-winner in the Australian History category – gave a rancorous and interminable speech about wartime traitors and unionists. One person seated on our table remarked, ‘Well, we don’t need to read the book – we’ve just heard it.’
In the days that followed, thanks largely to Stephen Romei (literary editor of The Australian), we learned much more about the judging process and the extent of the political intervention. Not for the first time, a prime minister had overturned a jury’s recommendation; but on this occasion judges were prepared to go on the record. Ann Moyal told Susan Wyndham (Sydney Morning Herald) that she was totally opposed to favouring Colebatch’s ‘poorly constructed and poorly written’ book. More ominously for the officials, an enraged Les Murray went even further. Murray (one of three poets determining the Fiction award) revealed that the judges had unanimously recommended Steven Carroll’s A World of Other People as the winner, only to learn on the night that Tony Abbott had chosen Flanagan’s The Narrow Road to the Deep North as co-winner. Murray told Romei: ‘I was shocked that they went behind the scenes and worked a swifty.’ He also indulged in a few intemperate asides. Of ‘the Tasmanian fellow’s’ novel, he said: ‘It is a pretentious, stupid book.’ Then, Christmas upon us, he declared that ‘The literary scene is such a nest of vipers.’
The authorities tried to restore order by reminding the judges of the confidential nature of the judgements. One wag opined that the horse had probably bolted. Mixing our metaphors, Advances suspects that Les Murray is one whistleblower who is unlikely to be corralled.
Louise Adler – chairwoman of the judging panel – offered an extraordinary defence of the prime minister’s right to ignore the judges’ decision. ‘These are not Louise Adler’s literary awards or Les Murray’s literary awards – they are the Prime Minister’s literary awards,’ she told Stephen Romei. Have we really come to this? Taxpayers fund these awards: why should they be in a politician’s personal gift? Literary fiction is hardly Mr Abbott’s area of expertise. Did he read all five novels before honouring Flanagan’s book? And what of the judges? What of their expertise? Why would anyone now serve on the PMLA panel on such terms?
Brouhahas aside, the PMLAs are a lucrative and galvanising reality. It’s important for a wealthy and cultivated nation like Australia to have awards of this kind. Only the current dilatoriness and unpredictability of these prizes prevent them from gaining widespread stature and traction. They should transcend the Miles and the Stella in importance and coverage, but at present they don’t. Announcing the PMLAs a fortnight before Christmas robs them of the commercial clout that would be welcomed by writers and an industry that has done it tough in recent years and that would benefit from a timely, well-publicised ‘PMLA boost’ in October or early November. At present these awards reward and gratify a number of writers, but the effect should be more diffuse, with major benefits for booksellers, publishers, and readers.
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"I Won't Back Down"?: Complexity and Courage in U.S. Federal Executive Decision-Making
MetadataShow full item record
CitationKelman, Steve, Ronald Sanders, Sarah Taylor, and Gayatri Pandit. "'I won't back down'?: Courage and complexity in U.S. federal executive decision-making." Ash Center Policy Briefs Series, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 2014.
AbstractSenior government executives make many decisions, not-infrequently difficult ones. Cognitive limitations and biases preclude individuals from making fully value-maximizing choices. And the “groupthink” tradition has highlighted ways group-aided decision-making can fail to live up to its potential. Out of this literature has emerged a prescriptive paradigm Janis calls “vigilant decision-making.” For this paper, we interviewed twenty heads of subcabinet-level organizations in the U.S. federal government, asking each questions about how they made important decisions. Ten were nominated by “good-government” experts as ones doing an outstanding job improving the organization’s performance, ten chosen at random. The vigilant decision-making approach is designed for difficult decisions, presumed to be informationally, technically, or politically complex. However, we found that when we asked these executives to discuss their most difficult decision, most identified decisions that were not informationally complex but instead mainly required courage to make. In this context, the vigilant decision-making paradigm might be more problematic than the literature suggests. We discuss here the different demands for decisions involving complexity and those involving courage, and suggest a contingency model of good decision-making processes that requires executives and advisors to be ambidextrous in their approaches.
Citable link to this pagehttp://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42372559
- HKS Ash Center
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08 Apr Best toys to give to children from 6 to 9 years old
It is less and less until Santa Claus and the Three Wise Men arrive at our homes, and parents may not be clear about what toys to ask their children for in their respective letters. For this reason, and as we have been doing for several days in Babies and More, we are going to give you some advice and guidance on the toys recommended for each age.
On this occasion, we are going to focus on children between six and nine years old, a stage where fluid language, reading-writing skills, autonomy, and creativity prevail. Do you want to know which toys would be the most recommended at this age?
The development of children from six to nine years
Between the ages of six and nine, we will notice a significant change in the autonomy of children, and although they will continue to need adult help to do some things or make certain decisions, it is necessary that we foster their self-confidence and encourage them to assume small responsibilities.
In the last stretch of this stage, friends begin to gain a special weight in the child’s life, and one of his favorite hobbies will be spending time with them. Of course, parents will continue to be the best company, but sharing time, games, and confidence with their peers will make them grow in autonomy and consolidate their identity and personality.
As far as learning is concerned, this period stands out for the acquisition of spatial, temporal, and numerical concepts, as well as an increasingly complex use of speech and grammar. In addition, many children at this age are great readers and there are also especially creative ones, who are already beginning to excel in certain areas such as painting, music, or writing.
Toys That Encourage Symbolic Play
Although the symbolic play has more presence in other earlier stages of the child’s life, it is also still important in this age group, as it allows them to train certain fundamental skills for life, such as empathy, the expression of feelings, tolerance or solidarity, among many others.
In addition, symbolic play favors the development of imagination and the reproduction of adult roles, family scenes, professions, or fiction, while exercising language and motor skills.
Games That Encourage Their Autonomy And Allow Them To Take On Small Responsibilities
It is important that we promote children’s autonomy from the time they are small. As this will help them to get along in life and to face and overcome the challenges that arise. From the age of six, children already have a certain degree of maturity and knowledge of the environment that makes them more independent and feel fully capable of doing things for themselves.
Through the game, we can also enhance certain skills, which will have a positive impact on their self-esteem and therefore on their security and happiness.
Games That Encourage Free Movement
Children of this age have great vitality and enjoy activities that require movement, coordination, balance, and dexterity.
In general, most of them master their physical skills quite well. And they like to test themselves with new challenges that they imagine, both at home and on the street, and in the park. It is also common to identify the child’s preferences towards certain activities such as dancing, acrobatics, ball games, or sports that involve speed.
Games That Encourage Your Creativity
Children are creative geniuses by nature, and although as they grow older that creativity seems to decrease more and more, it is important that we continue to encourage their creative development by letting their imagination run wild and not limiting their inventive capacity.
Although it is difficult for many children to accept defeat. From the age of six, they begin to understand that sometimes they win. And sometimes they lose, accepting the rules and regulations of the game. The child especially enjoys playing in teams, so board games, certain traditional games, and most sports are usually among her preferences.
We especially emphasize the value of board games. As they are not only excellent entertainment at this stage. But also help promote socialization, respect, language development, and decision-making. In general, any implicit learning is according to the theme of the game itself.
Games That Allow Acquiring Or Practicing Concepts
The six-year-old boy has left behind the Infant stage and entered the world of Primary. A stage of great and important learning. Little by little he will acquire increasingly complex concepts. That will allow him to understand situations, face problems, make decisions or continue investigating to find out more.
Through games and toys, we can help them acquire new concepts of the world around them, strengthen those already learned ( for example, mathematical concepts ), and develop language and writing, which become so important in these years.
And we cannot finish our review without recommending giving books as gifts. They are not toys, but they are fun, they help them understand real-life situations. They allow them to learn vocabulary and they take them to a fantasy world. Stories and books should always be mandatory gifts, because reading is a pleasure and learning, among many other things.
In this post, you will find the best-recommended books by age. This other is a selection of the best-selling books and this one is a compilation of books for children between six and nine years old.
You may also be interested in IS A ROAD BIKE GOOD FOR BEGINNERS?
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News stories about cyberattacks — SolarWinds, Colonial Pipeline, Capital One, Equifax, and many others — have become all too common. The stories usually focus on what happened, with little about the “how” and almost nothing about the “why.” But when the “why” isn’t examined, the circumstances that made the cyberattack possible are rarely addressed. What’s the rest of the story?1 Consider a simple example: A bank is robbed; that’s the “what.” The “how” might be that the burglar alarm failed to go off. And that’s usually the end of the story: There was an unfortunate malfunction.
Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, such as MoS2, enable the unprecedented possibilities to solve the
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Families are counting the cost of devastating fires amid record temperatures as the country is warned it needs to prepare for more extreme heat in the future.
Major fire incidents were declared in London, Norfolk, Suffolk, Lincolnshire, Leicestershire and South Yorkshire amid the tinder-dry conditions as temperatures climbed above 40C for the first time ever on Tuesday.
London Fire Brigade (LFB) had its busiest day since the Second World War as record temperatures led to hundreds of fires across the capital, with the service taking 2,670 calls.
There were no deaths but more than 40 houses and shops were destroyed after a number of significant grass fires spread to nearby buildings, including in Wennington, Dagenham and Kenton, LFB said.
Claire Taylor, 40, lost all but her grandfather’s ashes, some photos and clothes when Wennington went up in flames on Tuesday.
Her family was one of around 90 to be evacuated in Havering, and while residents sought to rescue pets and salvage belongings some were forced to flee largely empty-handed.
Ms Taylor, who works in a charity shop, said residents who had lost their homes were still in shock but “trying to muddle through”.
Although the devastation is still “raw”, her focus has turned to collecting donations and helping children affected by the fire, she said.
Her family – including her own sons, Charlie, Alfie and Louie, aged eight, six and one respectively – stayed with loved ones on Tuesday evening before heading to school on Wednesday for the last day of term.
“This should be the start of the six weeks’ holiday. It should be all exciting,” she said.
“We know we’re not the only ones in that situation, so if I can try and get some awareness out there – to let them know there is somewhere they can take stuff, like cots and buggies, to make someone’s life a little bit easier, to put a smile of their little kiddies’ faces – that would mean the world to me.”
Donations can be made at the KidEco shop at Lakeside Shopping Centre in Grays or to Baby Bank HQ.
Jon Cruddas, Labour MP for Dagenham and Rainham, warned the fires in his constituency were unlikely to be a one-off due to climate change.
A cloudy start on Thursday morning ☁️
A few light showers are possible, but dry for many pic.twitter.com/kSsyXFNlFK
— Met Office (@metoffice) July 20, 2022
He said around 40 homes had been destroyed in Dagenham, adding: “It’s been traumatic both for families and for the communities.
“The evidence suggests this is not a one-off. It’s going to be a recurring feature of modern life given the escalating climactic conditions.”
Meanwhile, the worst incident in South Yorkshire on Tuesday was on Woodland Drive in Barnsley, where six houses were devastated when a fire broke out in a back garden and swept through nearby properties.
Residents described how they battled the flames with hosepipes for 45 minutes until fire crews arrived in a desperate attempt to stop the blaze spreading to more homes.
In South Yorkshire, there were serious blazes in Barnsley and Clayton, while firefighters in Norfolk were called to more than 80 incidents on Tuesday.
Suffolk Fire and Rescue Service said it was called to more than 60 incidents, 38 of which were fires in the open, describing the situation as “unprecedented”.
Bosses at West Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service, which came close to calling a major incident, warned the situation across the country on Tuesday would not be a one-off and the UK needed to “get prepared”.
Deputy Chief Fire Officer Dave Walton said Tuesday was “a game changer”, adding: “Fires were spreading much more quickly than ever before.”
He said that usually when a big fire happened, it was possible to call on neighbouring services to help, but on Tuesday “everyone was busy and completely stacked out”.
“The predictions are we will get heatwaves like this much more regularly, even as much as every three years, due to climate change.
“This is very different position we are in now compared to a one-off event nearly 50 years ago, and we need to see this as a wake-up call.
“We need to learn how we get prepared as a country for this and how we rethink the resource we have or need, going forward, so we are ready for these, so homes, property and ultimately people’s lives are saved,” he warned.
The UK recorded a new provisional high temperature of 40.3C in Coningsby, Lincolnshire, on Tuesday, outstripping the previous record set in Cambridge in 2019 of 38.7.
People can expect much cooler temperatures on Thursday with a high of 25C expected, probably towards the south of the country, before temperatures are set to rise again at the weekend with 31C or 32C possible in East Anglia or Cambridgeshire.
Met Office forecaster Alex Burkill said unsettled weather is on the way too with some heavy thundery rain expected in the north west on Saturday which will become more widespread on Sunday.
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Low Back Stretches
The most effective things that you can do at home to decrease low back and neck pain is to do the back stretches and strengthening exercises that align your spine and level your pelvis.
The muscle that pulls the left side of your spine and pelvis out of alignment and causes left sided back pain (and may radiate into your left leg) is the quadratus lumborum muscle. It attaches to your lowest rib, lumbar spine and top of your pelvis (iliac crest).
In order to stretch it you need to stretch your left arm over your head and lean to the right, this stretch is demonstrated in the DVD, “The Missing Link to Neck and Back Pain Relief.” This stretch can help relieve left sided low back pain and sciatic pain in the left leg.
The muscle that pulls the right side of your low back and pelvis out of alignment and causes right sided back pain (which may also refer into your right leg) is the right hip flexor, the iliopsoas muscle. It attaches to all of the lumbar vertebrae, lumbar discs and then runs forward to attach to the front on your hip bone (femur). The iliopsoas muscle when tight and spasmed is very powerful for compressing your lumbar spine, pulling the right side of your pelvis out of alignment and contributing to herniated discs. It is commonly shortened in many of us because we tend to sit too much. This muscle is stretched with a lunge stretch by kneeling down, placing your left leg in front of you and leaning forward, keeping your shoulders up. This is a common yoga pose. This stretch is also demonstrated in the DVD,”The Missing Link to Neck and Back Pain Relief.” It can relieve right sided low back pain and sciatic or radiating pain into the right leg.
When you have pain that is centered in the lumbar spine you probably need to do both of these stretches. Stretching the right quadratus lumborum muscle or the left iliopsoas muscle will not hurt you, but will not help to relieve your pain. One needs to stretch the left quadratus lumborum and the right iliopsoas muscle to relieve pain and align the spine and pelvis.
Modalities like hot packs and cold packs will only treat your symptoms temporarily. If you are in the middle of herniating a disc (an acute disc disruption) a hot pack can actually hurt you, why is that? The nucleus pulposus is the jelly fluid that leaks out of your disc and herniates through the outside layer (the annulus fibrosis). The nucleus imbibes (attracts) fluid to itself so that under normal conditions the discs can hydrate and stay plump. However, when the disc is herniating and leaking through the outside layer of ligamentous tissue this imbibing action can cause the herniation to grow and increase the chances of nerve pain, etc. It is always safer to stick to cold packs.
If you have pain that is radiating past the level of your buttocks, it is best to be evaluated by a professional to make sure you are not herniating a disc, as it may not be safe to do any back stretches at that time.
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Saira Khan introduces the recently developed procedure of clitoral reconstruction, which promises to reverse at least some of the damage done to women who have been subjected to clitoridectomy:
The surgery itself is fairly simple.
As the science community has recently learned, the clitoris is much larger than the small accessible part. An unerect clitoris can be up to 9 centimeters long, meaning that most of the clitoris is actually within the body and inaccessible without surgery. So theoretically, underneath the scar tissue on a woman who has experienced female genital mutilation is more clitoris.
To restore part of the clitoris, the doctor opens up the scar tissue, brings some of the clitoris back up into position, and sews it in place. The recovery process for the surgery is long, painful, and arduous; it can take up to a few months for skin to grow on top of the newly restored clitoris leaving the woman very sensitive for some time. [Dr. Pierre] Foldès says he cannot guarantee orgasms from the restoration but it does have the potential to bring back some sensation.
Still, the surgery has not gained much traction in the U.S. The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists believes there is not enough research to support the surgery yet.
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On June 22, 2020, the Mary and Jeff Bell Library will be reopening to students, staff, and faculty with limited services. The I-Create Lab will also be open with some changes meant to keep everyone safe during these uncertain times.
The I-Create Lab will be switching to a reservation-based system for the use of all equipment and study rooms to follow social distancing practices effectively. All reservations must be made at least 24 hours in advance through our online reservation system.
Here we will discuss some of the changes that are happening and others the I-Create Lab staff is still working on.
Study Room Reservations
Only the small study rooms will be available for one person at a time. A study room can be checked out for three-hour blocks only for proctored exams through our reservation system (https://tamucc.libcal.com/reserve/StudyRooms).
Once you click on the link above, read the information about the room then select the date you want to request the room.
Please select one of the available timeslots with its correlating room number then press “Submit Times.” Read over the terms and conditions of using the space then press “Continue.”
On the final page, you will submit your information for approval. Please use your Islander email to receive a follow-up email with the decision on your use of space. Review your booking detail to make sure you selected the correct room, date, and time.
Much like room reservations, you must reserve equipment to use from the list of available equipment. Each piece of equipment has different guidelines for timeslots to check out, some ranging from an hour use to three-day checkout. All equipment must be checked out through our reservation system (https://tamucc.libcal.com/reserve/equipment/equipment).
From the list of available equipment, please select the item you want by clicking on its picture. A description will be provided and a tab with basic instructions on what materials you will need to use the piece of equipment, if applicable.
Much like room reservations, you will need to select a date and time with the ability to modify how long you would like to use or check out the equipment for; an additional form may be required if the equipment is available to take off-campus. You will then select add the item to cart.
You can make multiple item reservations. Read the Terms and Conditions of each piece of equipment you are checking out. There will be information about the cost of use, if any, then press continue or add another booking if you want to add another item or a room.
On the final page, you will submit your information for approval. Please use your Islander email to receive a follow-up email with the decision on your use of space. Review your booking detail to make sure you selected the correct item(s), dates, and time.
The I-Create Lab staff is working on updating the Code of Conduct and I-Create Makerspace Lab User Agreement. It is anticipated that these updates will include safety orientation training to make sure you are able to use the equipment properly and safely. Please be patient with us as we work to make the lab a safer place for you to express your creativity and have fun.
As we learn and adapt to our changing environment, we will continue to provide updated information on our website about safety and new requirements to utilize the I-Create Space (http://library.tamucc.edu/visit-study/icreate-lab/).
If you have any questions or need more information, please contact the I-Create Lab at 361-825-2311 or firstname.lastname@example.org
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Sep 27, 2021
Taiwan’s basic metal output up 0.50 percent in August from July
Taiwan’s industrial production index in August this year increased by 2.14 percent compared to July and was up by 13.69 percent year on year, according to the country’s Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA). Meanwhile, Taiwan’s seasonally adjusted industrial production index in August fell by 0.98 percent compared to the previous month and advanced by 11.90 percent year on year.
In August this year, industrial output in the country’s basic metal manufacturing sector was up by 0.50 percent and output of metal product manufacturing decreased by 1.95 percent, both compared to the previous month. In addition, on year-on-year basis, in August output of the basic metal manufacturing sector rose by 18.14 percent and output of the metal product manufacturing sector increased by 22.14 percent.
Meanwhile, in August this year, production in Taiwan’s machinery and equipment industry advanced by 31.61 percent, while output in the automotive industry was up by 29.86 percent, both year on year.
Source: Steel Orbis
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Lesson 57: The Eternal Consequences of Rejecting the Gospel, Part II (Luke 10:10-16)Related Media
(Part II) In as much as it is hoped that people respond to the gospel message they hear (as we are moved by the fact that “the harvest is plentiful, but the laborers are few”), it is the sad reality that many will hear and choose not to believe. Jesus makes it clear that rejecting this message, dismissing this gracious gift of God is extremely consequential. While false ideas about who Jesus is, what His judgment (or lack thereof) looks like, and whether or not an actual place of hell exists are all controversies that make their way into the church, Jesus make some things very understandable through the text at hand. Pastor Daniel emphasizes, over this two-part sermon, that people must know there are eternal consequences for rejecting the gospel, that unbelievers will be sent to a place of eternal and conscious torment, that there will be degrees of punishment based upon one’s access and response to God’s revelation, that it is difficult to fully comprehend the reality and justice of hell at this point in time, and that God is perfectly just and right in His judgments. It is upon Christians then to warn people of God’s wrath and tell them of His gift of Christ.
Summary by Seth Kempf, Bethany Community Church Staff
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While communicating, it is important that an organisation is careful not to do the following:
a. Overcommunicate, or what is called information overload.
b. Redundancy or repetition.
Unfortunately, many organisations are not keen enough not to cross these lines. On the contrary, they think that the more information they push out to their customers, the more they connect with them. They keep repeating the same thing over and over again with the hope that it sticks in the minds of their customers and keeps them on top of the customers’ minds. An example of such communication is promotional messages sent by companies to our phones.
Just because a customer interacted with your product or service does not mean that they should be added to a mailing/texting list. It unfair to them because they neither signed up to it nor were they consulted before being added to it. What these organisations do not understand is that in mind of the customers, these messages are persistently irritating. When something is irritating, one automatically tries their best to avoid it. That is why we believe that promotional messages work against brands, and for the following reasons:
- Noise – In the world we live in, noise has become a huge distraction in our lives. There are numerous attempts to reduce screen time, kill notifications, have a set time to check your phone etc. All these are aimed at increasing ones attention span in an increasingly distractive space. Therefore when a notification from a promotional message appears, it adds to the noise that your customers are vehemently trying to block.
- Resentment – In business, there nothing as catastrophic as when customers begin to resent your product/service. One of the reasons why customers would end up resenting what you offer is when you consistently send them messages that have no value to their busy lives. This resentment begins to happen subconsciously and it becomes so ingrained in the mind that the customer that they deliberately choose not to associate with your brand anymore. Consumers are won when you appeal to their self-interests. Promotional messages don’t appeal to their self-interest. They actually work against the self-interest of time preservation.
- Loss of customers – After resentment in comes withdrawal. Your customers begin to pull away from your annoyance, and immediately flag down anything that reminds them of it. They end up looking for alternatives in an attempt to get a similar service with fewer irritations.
- Profit loss – Anyone in business knows that customers are a very important asset to any business. If you lose them, you lose revenue. When you lose revenue, you shut down. When customers no longer find your company ethical, then they don’t see the need for promoting your business.
It’s important that products and services adapt to the spirit of being rare while still being alive in the minds of their consumers. It’s a tricky balance but it is achievable. Instead of bombarding customers with messages, organisations could try creating experiences that last. Find ways to entrench memorable experiences or stories in your client’s hearts and minds.
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Male Reproductive System
The organ systems of the body are working all the time from birth to death to keep the body in homeostasis (balance) – except for the reproductive system. The reproductive system doesn’t start to work at full speed until puberty.
The organs of the reproductive system include a pair of primary sex organs and their accessory sex organs, such as glands, ducts and the sex organs on the outside of the body – the external genitalia or genitals.
Puberty is the process where sex hormones are released and begin to act on the sex organs until they become fully developed. This phase of life is also called adolescence. When a person reaches sexual maturity, they can then have children of their own. The age that puberty begins and how long it lasts varies from person to person.
In boys, the primary sex organs are the two testes (also called the gonads or testicles). The testes make sperm (or spermatozoa). They are also endocrine glands and make the hormone testosterone. All other sex organs – the other glands, ducts and the penis are accessory sex organs and act to protect the sperm and deliver it to the egg for fertilization. Fertilization is when a female’s egg is made ready by a male’s sperm to make new offspring.
The testes are protected by two fibrous layers with a tough outer sac called the scrotum. Inside, the testes are made up of long, coiled seminiferous tubules in which the sperm are made. Outside of the testes, but still inside the protective scrotum, is another coiled tube called the epididymis. This is where sperm that are made in the testes are stored and mature. After a boy passes through puberty, his testes will make sperm for the rest of his life. When the sperm are needed for ejaculation, they travel from where they are stored in the epididymis through a long, muscular tube, called the vas deferens (also called the ductus deferens).
The sperm pass by three accessory glands which secrete a liquid called semen. Semen provides a medium in which the spermatozoa can swim using a beating tail to propel each forward. The three accessory glands in order of passage are the seminal vesicle, prostate gland and bulbourethral gland. As the sperm pass through the prostate gland, the tube in which they travel is then called the ejaculatory duct. Soon after it joins with the urethra coming from the urinary bladder before making its way out of the penis. To clarify, urine also comes out of the penis, but it comes from the bladder and not the testes.
Only one sperm will fertilize the egg, so the sperm literally race toward the egg. Each time a man releases sperm it is called an ejaculation. Each ejaculation releases up to 500 million sperm. Yet only one of those sperm will fertilize the egg.
Each sperm contains a set of the male’s genetic code (just as an egg contains that information from the female). So the sperm provides just half of the information needed to make a new person.
When a boy goes through puberty at about 14 years old, the testes begin to release the hormone testosterone. Testosterone wakes up the reproductive system and many things begin to happen.
When puberty is complete, a boy has reached his adult form.
*Labeling Pages included in PDF at bottom.
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What Is Dynamic Cluster in WebSphere?
A dynamic cluster is the new Intelligent Management feature, which enables WebSphere 8.5 to stop dynamically, start and allocate resource as and when, required for an application running on a dynamic cluster.
Dynamic cluster works in two modes: Add operation & Remove operation.
- Add operation- in Add operation; it adds resources when all servers in a dynamic cluster are started, and demand is still not satisfied. This is possible through automatic actions, which you have defined under the Add operation.
- Remove operation- in Remove operation; it stops the servers when demand is very minimal or if running resources are not required to serve the requests.
This operation will never shutdown below the number of minimum active server instance configured in Remove operation.
Operation Mode is the method that interacts with the dynamic operation environment. This has three modes: Manual, Supervised & Automatic.
Manual- it’s similar to the normal application server environment with a static cluster. The manual operation mode is as good as a WebSphere application server traditional cluster.
Supervised- provides information and recommendation for actions that WebSphere administrator can approve or deny.
Automatic- the intelligent management takes action automatically. Dynamic operations environment handles add/remove operation and provisioning.
Creating Dynamic Cluster
Login into Deployment Manager Console
Go to Servers >> Clusters >> Dynamic clusters
Select Operational mode as Automatic and click on New
Select Server type as WebSphere application server and click on Next
Leave default method – Automatically define cluster members with rules
Provide Dynamic cluster name – First Dynamic Cluster and click on Next
You can select multiple Node Group if you have, in this course, we have only one Node group as Default Group. Leave default setting and click on Next
Select dynamic cluster template as default and click on Next
Specify dynamic cluster specific properties are the one you configure how dynamic cluster should behave. We will leave the default settings as following and click on Next.
Keep one instance started at all times – dynamic cluster will always be active with one instance. By configuring this, we ensure there is no application outage.
Do not limit thee some instances that can start- dynamic cluster will start all instances in a defined node as demand increases. By configuring this, we ensure all resources are utilized when demand is high.
No isolation requirements- as we have only one Node Group we can continue with no isolation requirements.
Review the configuration summary and click on Finish to create Dynamic Cluster
Save the configuration and synchronize changes with nodes. Once done, you can see newly created Dynamic cluster is listed.
You can also see dynamic cluster member is created under Application servers and started one instance as we have selected to keep one instance started all times.
Now in this dynamic cluster setup, one instance will always be running. However, as demand increase other cluster instance also will be started.
More great readings on WebSphere
What is Thread Dump and How to Analyze them?Asad Ali on June 29, 2020
IBM WebSphere Application Server Beginner’s GuideChandan Kumar on June 9, 2022
How to Monitor IBM WebSphere using Application Manager?Chandan Kumar on June 9, 2022
How to Use Nginx with WebSphere Application Server?Chandan Kumar on June 9, 2022
How to Create Cluster in IBM WebSphere ND?Chandan Kumar on June 9, 2022
What’s New in WebSphere MQ 9 & Installation GuideChandan Kumar on June 10, 2022
Join Geekflare Newsletter
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The Martha Alice Stewart: Time on Parchman Farm 1930s Collection focuses on life inside Mississippi’s most notorious prison.
Martha Alice ("Alice") Stewart was born 20 February 1898. In 1925 she was appointed as a graduate nurse by the United States Veterans Bureau. She went on to work in veteran’s hospitals in Memphis, Tenn. and Outwood, Ky. before accepting the appointed position of Head Nurse at Mississippi State Penitentiary (commonly known as Parchman Farm) in 1930. Stewart remained at Parchman Farm until 1939.
The collection consists of nearly 200 black-and-white photographs documenting life inside the prison as well as some of Stewart's personal documents.
Photo from this collection: Group of white prisoners in infirmary (1930s)
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What, you were expecting some lovey-dovey treatise on Valentine’s Day? Perish the thought.
Those who have gotten comments from me probably think I hate the present tense in narrative writing. I swear I don’t. Writing in the present can be very effective, if and when it’s used correctly. Simply, I respect its power.
Any reading experience involves a certain amount of suspension of disbelief, that feeling of the story being more real than just words on the page. Errors, whether typo, grammatical, or continuity, detract from this, serving as reminders that the story isn’t real but the wordcraft of some human, fallible writer.
Stories in the past tense feel like you’re given access to a chronicle of events that took place. Writing in the present tense gives a greater sense of being in the story by being in the moment. Done correctly this actually heightens the suspension of disbelief, bringing the reader acutely into the flow of events. However, and herein lies the danger, errors in verb tense once you’ve established the present as reality completely break the spell. The fall out of the narrative is thus a farther tumble and more pointedly felt.
By all means, write that story in the present tense if you like. Realize though that there’s good reason why most books, almost all the classics really are written in the past tense(and please, chime in if you know a literary great written in present tense, cause we’re all about edification and worldview expansion here at ficly). The tense is simply less forgiving. If you’re going to do it, you have to get it right and stick to it.
Happy ficlying, and good luck, whatever tense you choose.
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Gurugram, Oct. 26, 2021 : At a recent seminar hosted by Apeejay Stya University on the theme “Buddha at work- The Ontological Perspectives”, Canadian expert Wanda Heffern enlightened students on awareness and inner peace Rotaract Club, Apeejay Stya University in association with NSS (National Service Scheme) hosted a webinar on the theme: ‘Buddha at Work- The Ontological Perspectives’ on October 26. The webinar was presided by Canadian Ontological coach Ms Wanda Heffern.
Dr Vijay Kumar, Assistant Professor at School of education, ASU welcomed Miss Heffern and commenced the webinar. Giving the students a brief idea about the purpose of the webinar and its theme he mentioned “The webinar focuses on Ontology or the study of reality. We wanted to focus on spirituality, so Ms Wanda gave us the idea to keep our webinar on the theme: Buddha at work. I hope this webinar helps our students deal with many routine stresses and enlightens them as they gain crucial insights into what Buddha and Ontology stand for.
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Owners of New Jersey BYO restaurants are looking to change the state’s liquor license laws, which have been in place since the end of Prohibition.
Chef Ehren Ryan, the owner of Common Lot, a BYO in Millburn, made it through the pandemic. Now, with other Jersey restaurant owners, he’s advocating for an updated law allowing BYOs to sell beer, wine and strong ciders, “which would make a drastic change to their profit.” Ryan’s idea for a new license would preserve a competitive advantage for current license holders, as they will be the only restaurants in the state permitted to offer spirits, cocktails and a full bar.
In New Jersey, the number of liquor licenses a municipality can issue is restricted by population. The limited supply—licenses usually only come on the market when a restaurant with one shuts down—results in high cost.
“There’s only so much people are willing to pay for food,” Ryan says. “Whereas people may be pretty much okay with spending $9 or more on a Corona.”
The New Jersey Restaurant & Hospitality Association organized a meeting on July 11 to discuss the liquor license system. Ryan sat on the panel representing New Jersey BYOs.
“The more you speak out to town and local officials, the stronger the argument will be,” Ryan says. “Eventually, they will have no choice but to listen and negotiate.”
Why not press for a full liquor license?
Ehren Ryan: BYOs don’t have the footprint to build a bar in their restaurants. For the [existing] license holders, their competitive advantage would be that they can sell spirits and cocktails. We are just asking to sell beer, wine or cider. It would be a huge benefit for BYOs and an increase in revenue.
What are the challenges in fighting for change?
Right now it is just the lack of political compliance. There are a handful of senators and legislators that want change, but there are also a lot that have stayed quiet on the topic.
How do the current laws affect prospects for New Jersey restaurants?
The generation [of cooks and chefs] coming through now, in my kitchen, don’t really see a future in New Jersey and owning their own restaurant. They know the cost of a liquor license and they know a BYO is really hard without the subsidies of liquor sales. The ability to sell wine, beer or cider would just be amazing from a profit standpoint.
What’s next following the town hall?
Downtown New Jersey, a nonprofit that deals with municipalities and rejuvenating downtown areas, wants to get together with us. We spoke with the New Jersey Brewers Association and the Brewers Guild of New Jersey. We really need numbers, and I encourage people to reach out to me so we can drum up more support in the towns. Governor [Phil] Murphy stated the liquor licenses are outdated in the state, and I want to hold him to that.
What can BYO owners and locals do to help?
People should target their local assemblymen and women. Repeat the story that a beer, wine and cider license would be a huge benefit for the town and could rejuvenate a lot of downtown areas. From there, they can go to [state] legislators. Push the local level; that’s where it starts!
There is nothing I would love more than to see the New Jersey dining scene explode and become a destination. A new law will help grow the industry for the next generation.Click here to leave a comment
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How Hot-Dip Galvanizing Drastically Improves Steel
Hot-Dip Galvanizing at Kloeckner Metal’s Hawaii Branch
Hot-dip galvanizing dramatically improves the longevity and durability of steel. This is especially important in highly corrosive environments. That is why Kloeckner Metals has a hot-dip galvanizing plant in Hawaii, the only one in the state. Hawaii’s diverse and highly corrosive environment of ocean-salt exposure, high humidity, rain and trade winds create the need for superior corrosion protection.
“It’s ideal for Hawaii’s demanding environment,” says Diane Malinovich, vice president and general manager of Kloeckner Hawaii. “Because of the fact that we are in the middle of the pacific, that salt in the air takes a beating on everything. So by galvanizing steel, it’s going to last very long term.”
Customers bring in a variety of steel parts for galvanizing from rebar to boat trailers. The kettle is 27 feet long, 6 feet deep, and 4 feet wide. Over-length materials can still be galvanized, but sometimes it requires two or even three dips. One of the most interesting things to be galvanized was steel fencing surrounding the Iolani Palace in Honolulu, the only palace in the United States. The fencing was installed in the late 1800s.
The Galvanizing Process
The galvanizing process involves dipping the metal into a series of processing tanks, each with its own purpose. Before it enters the tanks, though, the metal needs to be properly prepared.
“The material has to be sandblasted bare when it shows up,” Malinovich says. “If there’s any paint on it, we won’t touch it.”
After that, the metal is cleaned with caustic chemicals. This removes any contaminants on the material, such as dirt, oil, or grease. It is then rinsed and further treated by pickling. Pickling removes mill scale and iron oxides from the surface of the steel. It is rinsed again and then dipped in a flux solution made of a zinc ammonium chloride solution. This removes any additional oxides and creates a protective layer on the metal, making it ready for galvanizing. Galvanizing itself involves dipping the metal into a kettle of molten zinc.
“The zinc in the kettle is kept at about 835 degrees, 24/7,” Malinovich says.
The zinc reacts with the iron in the steel to form metallurgically bonded zinc-iron intermetallic alloy layers. A layer of pure zinc is usually added on top to protect from damage. Once the coating is applied, the metal cools and then is inspected. This ensures a quality coat, free of bare spots.
“There are the pre and post inspections, plus the quality control for putting the parts through the various processing tanks and the kettle,” Malinovich says.
Hot-dip galvanizing provides long lasting corrosion protection by creating a layer of cathodic protection to the metal. Basically, the zinc corrodes instead of the steel. The zinc layer patinas slightly, creating a layer of zinc carbonate that is not water soluble. This corrodes very slowly, protecting the galvanized steel beneath it. The corrosion rate is about 1/30th that of exposed steel in the same environment, according to the American Galvanizers Association.
Even if the surface is scratched, the zinc coating will continue to protect the steel. Even if the bare steel is exposed up to ¼ inch in diameter, it will not begin to corrode until all the surrounding zinc is consumed. It requires no maintenance, further saving long term costs.
Steven Nghe is currently the Head of Marketing & Communications at Kloeckner Metals. Nghe is a marketing professional with more than 14 years of experience in various environments and industries. His goal is to tell you about the sexy side of steel. Nghe holds a bachelor’s degree in Business Management with a concentration in Marketing from North Carolina State University. Prior to Kloeckner, Nghe worked for Delta Dental, Wells Real Estate Funds, Georgia Institute of Technology and Doosan.
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An Advanced Control Strategy For Solar PV and Battery Storage Integration System
Journal Title: International Journal of Science Engineering and Advance Technology - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 1
In this venture, another design of a three-level unbiased point-clasped (NPC) inverter that can coordinate solar photovoltaic (PV) with battery storage in a framework associated framework is proposed. The quality of the proposed topology lies in a novel, expanded unbalance three-level vector adjustment procedure that can produce the right air conditioning voltage under lopsided dc voltage conditions. This venture introduces the outline examination of the proposed setup and the hypothetical system of the proposed regulation method. Another control calculation for the proposed framework is likewise introduced with a specific end goal to control the power conveyance between the sun based PV, battery, and matrix, which all the while gives most extreme power point following (MPPT) operation for the sun oriented PV. In this venture fuzzy controller used to lessened the music when contrasted with the PI controller. The viability of the proposed philosophy is examined by the reenactment of a few situations, including battery accusing and releasing of various levels of sunlight based light. The reenactment performed in MATLAB/SIMULINK condition.
Authors and Affiliations
M Sagar| M.Tech Student, Department of EEE,CIST, Kakinada, India, D Prakasa Rao| Asst. Professor, Department of EEE, CIST, Kakinada, India
5G stands for fifth generation mobiles. Fromgeneration 1G to 2.5G and from 3G to 5G this world of telecommunication got improvement along with improve performance with every passing day. Due to this rapid improvement...
The central problem of this type of networks How to efficiently transmit heterogeneous traffic over wireless links?.In the corpulent number of outgrowing viable environment each and everything depends on the other so...
Simulation of an Inverter-Based Dg System by Using Voltage Control of DC Link for Islanding Detection
This paper presents a novel strategy for islanding detection of distributed generation (DG). During islanding condition the main idea of this paper is to change the dc-link voltage considering the PCC voltage changes...
Cloud computing is a latest trend in present scenario. Cloud computing definitely makes sense if your own security is weak, missing features of understanding and privacy. The cloud acts as a big black box, nothing in...
Closed Loop Fuzzy Logic Control of 3-∅ BLDC Motor Driven by High Voltage Gain Interleaved Boost Converter
This paper deals the Brush Less DC Motor (BLCDM) driven by an efficient closed loop fuzzy logic based high voltage gain interleaved boost converter. The proposed high voltage gain interleaved boost converter in this...
How To Cite
M Sagar, D Prakasa Rao (2017). An Advanced Control Strategy For Solar PV and Battery Storage Integration System. International Journal of Science Engineering and Advance Technology, 5(1), 169-177. https://europub.co.uk/articles/-A-16879
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Monthly Archives: March 2015
One of the prettiest cities I have been to is York. Sadly I didn’t take any photos or I would share them here. It’s somewhere I would love to go back to.
I read about York a lot when I was studying Vikings at university. One of the things that had really inspired me to study Vikings was my visit to Jorvik. It’s definitely somewhere that I would recommend visiting if you are in York. I don’t want to spoil it for anyone who hasn’t been there before but the beginning section is interesting (for those who have been, you’ll know it’s nothing to be sniffed at).
York is so pretty, but I didn’t even get to the Minster to look at it. I really need to go back and explore more.
Moving forward from Vikings, I have been reading a lot of historical fiction on The War of the Roses and Richard of York. I think I need to do some actual historical reading on the topic as it is a fascinating period in history.
So today the blog is short and rubbish but I had an interview and was travelling today and have two minutes to submit this…
As you may have guessed, trying to find another word beginning with X that was different to my last #blogging4charity was always going to be a challenge. And so I have decided to go with Xenarthran!
Xenarthran – an ancient lineage of mammals comprising the armadillos (order Cingulata) and the sloths and anteaters (order Pilosa). The namesake feature shared by all members of Xenarthra is seen in the lower backbone. The lumbar vertebrae are “xenarthrous”; that is, they have extra contacts (joints, or arthroses) that function to strengthen the lower back and hips. This aids use of the forelegs in activities not associated with locomotion, such as digging-the primary method used by anteaters and armadillos to obtain food.
One thing I would really like to do is to write a book. I have an idea of what I want to write about and I have now began some work on it. It’s a fantasy book that I started writing notes on while I was in my final year at university. I don’t want to give anything away though so I won’t give any plot ideas away.
I have begun working on the foundations and background so that I have a framework to work to. I am currently putting together the genealogies of the main families involved. From there I am making a timeline of their main family events such as birth, deaths and marriages. Once I have all the main families plotted out into a timeline then I plan on working on how to build the story around them. Read the rest of this entry
Being unemployed has got me to thinking about the different vocations I have aspired to at various points in my life. One of the first dreams I had was to be an astronaut. I remember being fascinated by space and knowing all the planet in the solar system. It’s why I got so excited by the solar eclipse last week. I love watching Stargazing Live and love trying to remember the different constellations I have learnt over the years. Read the rest of this entry
First of all a massive thank you to everyone who took part in yesterday’s #DDChat on Twitter discussing all things dyslexia. It was the best one yet, I couldn’t keep up fast enough with the fantastic discussions!
We decided last night that #DDChat will now be changing from a monthly chat to a weekly chat taking place every Thursday from 8-10pm GMT with the format of an hour of questions followed by an open floor for discussion.
If you have any topics you would like us to discuss, then please go to the #DDChat tab at the top of the page and fill in the form.
I hope to see you all next Thursday on Twitter!
Sorry folks I am skipping today as I have been feeling very unwell with a headache most of today that has now turned into sickness. I will make sure I make up for the missing blog today so there are the full 31, but I am genuinely feeling very unwell.
I think the greatest thing that I’ve ever done is to go back to university. I may have been older than a lot of my friends I made, but I think that it was the perfect timing for me to go back.
Being at university wasn’t just an education in the terms of academia, I learnt a lot about myself too. I learnt how to live with other people (even if it wasn’t always a positive experience), I learnt how to socialise (with and without an alcoholic drinks as I didn’t drink until my final year of university), I learnt how to budget money, I learnt how to cook for myself and I learnt more about who I was as a person. Read the rest of this entry
There have been some brilliant questions put forward for this month’s #DDChat. The Twitter chat will take place tomorrow at 8-10pm GMT (that’s UK time). For those in North America, please double-check the times as we have not had our daylight savings yet (I missed a chat today because I was an hour out).
As always, the chat is all to do with dyslexia and you can get involved using the hashtag #DDChat. The first hour consists of the questions below and the second hour is an open floor to either continue discussion from the questions or to discuss anything dyslexia related. Read the rest of this entry
The Twitter chat dedicated to 2 hours of dyslexia discussion returns this Thursday 8-10pm GMT (UK time) using the hashtag #DDChat. If you have any topics you would like to have discussed, then head to https://thedyslexicstudent.wordpress.com/ddchat/. You only have until tomorrow to submit your topic suggestions as the questions will be posted online tomorrow, so don’t delay!
The first hour is questions, the second is an open floor. Make sure you pop it into your diary now!
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Vitalik Buterin Among Time’s 100 Most Influential People of 2021
Time Magazine’s 100 Most Influential People List for 2021 includes several names that have played an important role in popularizing blockchain technology. One of them is Vitalik Buterin, a co-founder of Ethereum, the second-largest cryptocurrency by market cap.
Time Magazine named Vitalik Buterin an innovator and singled out his potential for empowering others with the help of smart contracts, one of Ethereum’s main technological features. Ethereum is the technology behind the NFTs (non-fungible tokens) that are presently changing the ways in which creatives can monetize their work. Some NFTs have been used to produce digital artwork, GIFs, and memes and earned their owners millions of dollars. Some of NFTs markets have gone beyond the $1bln marks in sales. Other projects that have been in development for several years are making a significant impact on developing economies of the Philippines and Venezuela, among others.
Influencers and long-term developers credit Vitalik Buterin with the opportunities Ethereum has given to various Internet projects. There are startups that use this blockchain technology to reinvent fantasy sports, while others adjust Ethereum to their purely creative projects. Ethereum by Vitalik Buterin is said to revolutionize the ways in which people can use the Internet, and this alone is a reason to have him listed in Time magazine.
Together with Ethereum’s Vitalik Buterin the following blockchain technology enthusiasts have been listed by Time magazine. Nayib Bukele, the President of El Salvador, has made a concerted effort to include Bitcoin as legal tender. And Elon Musk, one of the leading innovators and financiers, has recently exchanged some of his company’s assets to Bitcoin. The future of blockchain technology looks bright – at least in the media.
Don’t miss your chance to invest in ETH before it reaches 10,000$. Take a look at ECOS portfolios!
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The top retirement concern is running out of money, according to the AICPA Survey of Financial Planners. About 10,000 baby boomers are retiring every day at an average age of 62, and should plan to live another 25-30 years. Unexpected events and lifestyle spending concerns are on their minds. How long should you plan to work before retiring?
There is no “right” answer for everyone about making this decision.
Five guidelines are suggested by the Using Work to Your Advantage lesson from the National Endowment for Financial Education (NEFE) Retirement Planning workshops:
Work at least to full retirement age (FRA). If your health is good, strive to work until 66 or 67 to take advantage of higher Social Security payments, increased savings and health insurance coverage from your employer.
Make sure the option you choose is affordable. One suggestion is to practice living on your estimated retirement income to see if it is realistic.
Plan ahead. Likely you will need to spend much less in retirement. Some expenses may be higher. You should also factor in inflation.
Consult with available advisors. Before you finalize your decision, talk to human resources staff, a career counselor, or a financial advisor to be informed about the options and their consequences.
Know the implications. Many retirees pay income taxes on up to 85 percent of their Social Security benefits when they have other significant income.
Your values are also part of the decision about how long to work before retiring. Beyond the financial concerns, think about what you will do in retirement and where you will live. Make a list of what is very important to have, nice to have and unacceptable. This will help you understand your personal criteria and boundaries when making this decision.
To fill gaps, returning to the workforce during retirement can be the solution. Reasons include:
- Needing extra income or using less savings and assets
- Higher Social Security benefits if not already claimed
- Social interaction or avoiding boredom
- Passing on skills to younger workers
Decisions about when to stop working before retirement might impact retirees long-term. This is especially true when they have no new sources of income. Consider the pros and cons of working and not working when thinking long term. What is the best balance? Also, have a fallback strategy ready if you realize you need to go back to work. Intentional decision-making and continuous planning should be made about many retirement issues.
A free retirement planning series of live online workshops will be offered by Michigan State University Extension on Wednesday evenings during November. Besides work considerations, learn valuable information about Social Security, health costs, savings and investments, retirement plans, housing, debt, fraud and long-term care insurance. Registration is required to receive emails with the webinar link and resources.
Financial planning takes time, patience, and discipline. Be sure to check out Michigan State University Extension and MIMoneyHealth.org for great tips on many financial topics plus programs in the Events column.
This article was published by Michigan State University Extension. For more information, visit http://www.msue.msu.edu. To have a digest of information delivered straight to your email inbox, visit http://www.msue.msu.edu/newsletters. To contact an expert in your area, visit http://expert.msue.msu.edu, or call 888-MSUE4MI (888-678-3464).
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If you made it here, you are likely wondering how to paint a room. It may sound quite simple but there is more to it than you may think. Seeing ‘before and afters’ make it look easy. Unfortunately, there’s a lot that goes into this process. We’ll go over some basic steps to getting your room looking the way you want. Getting a professional handyman would be the best way to execute this. Let’s look at 7 easy steps when painting a room!
Step 1: Protect Floors, Furniture, Windows, etc…
Drape masking or rosin paper down to the floor and carpet along the baseboards. Spread a drop cloth on the floor and over any furniture in the room. Let’s protect them from paint splatters and spills.
Step 2: Prep Your Walls and Any Trim
Before painting, wash all walls and trim with a heavy-duty cleaner of your choice. Shine a light on the wall to get a closer look at any imperfections on the surface. Then, knock down any nail pops and bumps you find on the walls. Following that, fill holes and cracks with spackle or patching compound. Sand all patches smooth with sandpaper. Always apply a coat of primer over the patched areas before painting. Finally, remember to remove outlets and switch plates.
Step 3: Paint the Ceiling First and the Trim Second
Before you begin painting the ceiling, use a 3/8-in. nap roller to paint the ceiling from one end of the room to the other. Roll the paint on in the same direction, one roller width at a time, overlapping the previous row. If a second coat is needed, roll the paint in the opposite direction you painted the first coat. Finally, paint the trim.
Step 4: Time to Tape
Always use painter’s tape when you’re painting to prevent paint from bleeding onto the wall. That way the walls will look clean and there will be a sharp, crisp edge between those two surfaces. Do NOT use masking tape as it will not give you a clean result.
Step 5: Cut the Edges with A Brush
You always want to cut in one wall at a time, then immediately roll out the wall while the cut-in paint is still wet. That way it blends much better with the wall paint.
Step 6: Roll Paint on Your Walls
Before you start painting, be sure to stir the paint with a paint stick. Be sure to fill the roller tray with a little over half-full with paint – too much paint will spill over. You should roll paint on the wall from the baseboard to the ceiling. Roll straight back down without reloading the roller to ensure the wall is covered. After that, your main goal is not to make any drips or smudges in the paint. You can always go back and clean them up afterward, but try and make sure none of that happens!
Step 7: Remove Tape and Clean-Up!
Before you can paint the trim and baseboards, score along the edge of it with a flexible putty knife. Always thoroughly clean your brushes and rollers with hot soapy water.
Painting can be quite labor-intensive. More than that, it’s easy to make mistakes along the way if you aren’t careful or completely know what you are doing. Let’s not forget the proper materials and tools needed to complete the task. Luckily our team of professionals has you covered. Contact us today if you are thinking about painting your home. Your end result will be a professionally painted wall, room, and or home.
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How a 529 Plan Helps Pay for College Expensesby
Does your client know what sending their child to college will cost and how they are going to pay for it? This is a big expense that should be treated just like retirement, cautions Bryce Sanders. Here, he explains the value of options like the 529 college savings plan for clients whose kids plan on a higher education.
Everyone is feeling the effects of higher inflation. Forbes reports even during the low-inflation environment pre-pandemic, the cost of a four-year college education was increasing at twice the rate of inflation. Put another way, between 1985/86 to 2017/18, tuition rose by 497 percent.
If your client’s child attends college, it will likely be a public (state) or private school. According to Thinkimpact.com, public schools averaged $21,035 for tuition and private schools were $32,769 for the 2019/20 school year.
Vanguard (and other financial services firms) offer calculators for projecting future college tuition costs. If your clients have a specific school in mind yet do not know the costs, tools like myintuition.org can help estimate current tuition costs at specific colleges, which can be used as a starting point for projecting future costs.
Your Client Knows College Will Be Expensive. How Can They Save?
Your client is already saving for their retirement through their 401(k) plan at work and other retirement accounts you have advised them to establish. They realize saving enough for retirement is a long journey, but they are able to invest in a tax-deferred environment. A similar logic should be applied to saving for their child’s college education.
The government has established Section 529 college savings plans for just this purpose. Your client can put money aside in a segregated account to provide for their child’s education and enjoy the benefits of tax deferral. Compared to their retirement account, these college savings accounts have an advantage and a disadvantage. The advantage is big: If the funds are used for qualified educational expenses, money can be removed free of federal taxes. Now for the disadvantage: Unlike the 401(k) plan that your client funds with pre-tax dollars, college savings plans are funded with after-tax dollars. Because it is funded with after tax dollars, 529 plans are often likened to a Roth IRA.
How Do 529 Plans Work?
Different states have different programs. Let us use New York State’s Advisor Guided College Savings Plan as an example. JP Morgan Asset Management is the investment manager. (In New Jersey, Franklin Templeton is the investment manager. In Maine, the investment manager is BlackRock.)
All 529 college savings plans have an owner and a beneficiary. The owner is the adult adding the money and managing the account. It can be a parent or grandparent. The beneficiary is the child who will be a student in school in the future. The beneficiary can be changed if the child does not go to college, but the new choice must be a family member.
Like an IRA account at a bank, you can open a 529 college savings plan with a small amount of money. You can also approach it from the other direction and invest up to $16,000 per individual (in 2022). Contributions over that amount count towards your Lifetime State and Gift Tax exemption. Five years’ worth of gifts can also be contributed in the first year and prorated over the five-year total. (So, you can contribute $80,000 now and consider it as one $16,000 current gift and four $16,000 future gifts.)
Your tax advantages do not stop at tax-deferred growth and tax-free withdrawals for eligible education expenses at accredited schools. Depending on your state, you may get a current state tax deduction from income. In New York State (NYS), advisor-guided plan holders can deduct $5,000 in contributions for single filers and $10,000 if filing jointly from their state income taxes.
Like your 401(k) plan at work, your plan provides a series of investment choices. The managed funds within each portfolio are selected by the investment manager. Fees are competitive. You can change from one investment option to another only twice per year or if the beneficiary changes.
Just be aware you cannot put an unlimited amount of money into the plan. The aggregate contribution levels vary by state. NYS has a contribution limit of $520,000 per beneficiary.
What Are the Advantages of 529 Plans?
In addition to the advantages mentioned above, there are many reasons your client should consider setting up this plan for their child immediately.
The following are just some of the most compelling ones:
1. They are easy to establish. Every state has a plan.
2. Financial aid calculations are unaffected. The amount of money the parent has saved does not work against them when financial assistance is calculated.
3. College isn’t the only option. Funds can be withdrawn tax free for qualified educational expenses. This includes K-12, not only college and advanced degrees. K-12 withdrawals are limited to $10,000 per year.
4. Ring fencing is attractive. When your child is born, some relatives might say: “We will help with college education.” However, they might not be eager to just hand over checks to parents on the chance the money will be spent on other things, like a family vacation. By establishing a 529 college savings plan, you can assure relatives any cash gifts they give now will be added to a segregated account to only be used for educational purposes. If a person other than the owner wants to contribute, check to see if your state allows it.
5. Paying down college loans. The monies within the college savings plan can also be used to pay off student debt.
6. The owner can access the money under certain circumstances. If your child doesn’t go to college and there are no educational expenses, the owner can withdraw the funds. They’ll have to pay income tax plus a penalty on the earnings, though.
A variation on the college savings plan is the prepaid tuition plan. Some schools allow you to pay for a future college education at the current price of the school’s college credits today. This is different from a College Savings Plan because there are no investment options. It’s a way of paying today’s prices for an education to be delivered in the future. That’s a subject we can address in detail at another time.
Your client knows they must plan for retirement. They should give the same attention to the future education costs for their children.
Bryce Sanders is president of Perceptive Business Solutions Inc. in New Hope, Pennsylvania. He provides high-net-worth client acquisition training for the financial services industry. His book, Captivating the Wealthy Investor, can be found on Amazon.com.
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Celebrating 30 Years of the Comprehensive Watersheds Ordinance
Before the Watershed Ordinance
In the 1970s and 1980s, development raced across the Texas landscape, sprawling into the land in and surrounding Austin. As urban development pushed into the canyons, hillsides and prairies, our creeks, lakes and aquifers were impacted by increases in concrete and other impervious cover from construction. Small tributaries containing springs and wetlands were filled to build streets and buildings. Caves and sinkholes were filled with dirt, concrete, or used to dispose of polluted roadway runoff. The Edwards Aquifer was at risk from these actions. These construction activities caused the erosion of the thin soils covering the Texas Hill Country. As rainwater flowed over the land towards area creeks, sediment clogged caves and sinkholes. Members of the community who fought to protect our drinking water and who cherished the unique beauty of our hometown persuaded the City Council of Austin to act to prevent further degradation of our water and natural resources.
Stormwater runoff from a construction site. The cloudy appearance of the water is from sediment.
This cave was filled in the 1980s. Later, it was excavated to map the passages and establish a buffer prior to development.
Protecting our Water Supply
In 1980, the Lake Austin ordinance was the first of several watershed-specific ordinances to enact protective measures such as restricting construction on steep slopes, limiting “cut and fill” (no excavating or filling in an area), requiring erosion control and land restoration. More ordinances with similar water quality requirements followed: the Williamson Creek Watershed Ordinance, the Barton Creek Watershed Ordinance and the aquifer-related Slaughter, Bear, Little Bear and Onion Creek watersheds Ordinance. As development continued, the need for protection in all watersheds was recognized. Click here for more details on the history of Austin’s watershed ordinances.
The City Council and staff researched and identified land use regulations that would protect our water supply and preserve the characteristics of the natural environment, resulting in the Comprehensive Watersheds Ordinance (Ordinance No. 860508-V) that went into effect on May 19, 1986.
The principles set forth a number of progressive environmental protection measures by
- placing limitations on the density of development and on the amount of impervious cover in all watersheds outside of the urban core,
- limiting development on steep slopes and along creeks,
- requiring the use of erosion and sedimentation controls for construction sites,
- defining and requiring the protection of Critical Environmental Features,
- establishing creek buffers (called Critical Water Quality Zones-CWQZ),
- requiring structural water quality controls and
- limiting the disruption of natural terrain (cut/fill restrictions).
How do the requirements of the ordinance reduce non-point source pollution and preserve Austin’s natural beauty?
By protecting environmentally sensitive terrain with the intention of leaving the creeks, lakes, cliffs, canyons, caves, sinkholes, springs and wetlands intact, and by removing pollutants from developed areas before they are allowed to flow into our creeks. Not only does this protect water quality but it helps preserve the natural environment and provides a secondary benefit of recreational enjoyment.
What are the types of Critical Environmental Features?
Cave. A natural underground cavity, chamber or series of chambers formed by the dissolution of limestone by surface or groundwater.
Sinkhole. A closed depression formed by the dissolution of limestone and a point of recharge (replenishment of the aquifer by water).
Old Farm Sink is a sinkhole located south of the Will Hampton Library on Convict Hill Road. This sinkhole drains slowly enough that it supports a wetland but water does recharge to the Edwards Aquifer.
Spring. A point or zone of natural groundwater discharge having a measurable flow and/or a pool.
Cold Spring gushes from the southern bank of Ladybird Lake. Water from Barton Creek flows into a sinkhole, travels within the Edwards Aquifer and discharges to this spring. Click here for a map of springs that you can hike or paddle to.
Wetlands. Lands transitional between terrestrial and aquatic systems where the water table is at or near the land surface.
The wetland fringe along this creek prevents sediment from washing into the creek. A Critical Environmental Feature buffer will capture sediment running off of development and allow stormwater to infiltrate and support baseflow in the creek. Now, that’s some clear water!
Canyon Rimrock. A steep rock face with a horizontal extent of 50 feet or greater length and 4 feet or greater height. Most commonly found paralleling the side of a canyon or surrounding a canyon head.
The tributaries of Bull Creek expose dramatic limestone layers. Buffers help slow runoff, capture sediment, prevent erosion and prevent direct disturbance of the rock. Rimrock sometimes has a seep along a porous rock layer or a shelter cave may form where rock is eroded away.
Bluff. An abrupt vertical change in topography of 40 feet or greater in height.
Bluffs are protected for the same reasons that canyon rimrocks are protected: to prevent erosion. They also are unique, somewhat rare features that contribute to the “natural and traditional character” of Austin.
Critical Environmental Features (CEFs) are present all over Austin, occurring in the canyons, creeks, uplands terrain and along our lakes. In the last 30 years, City of Austin staff have identified over 4,780 CEFs; primarily during the site plan and subdivision review process!
Look for CEFs in your area (Microsoft Silverlight is required to view this map)
All of the strategies included in the Comprehensive Watersheds Ordinance have resulted in preserving our watersheds and protecting our drinking water supply. In the 30 years since the ordinance went into effect, additional water quality protection ordinances have been adopted by the Austin City Council. In 1992, citizens voted and approved the Save Our Springs Ordinance, which reduced impervious cover limits and enhanced stormwater treatment in the watersheds contributing to Barton Springs. In 2013, the Watersheds Protection Ordinance modified the requirements for creek buffers to provide greater protection for the headwaters of our creeks and to establish Erosion Hazard Zones along creeks. More information on the CWO and later ordinances are available on the Watershed Protection Department’s website at: www.austintexas.gov/watershed
As you’re out enjoying our creeks, the lakes and Barton Springs, remember the efforts of the citizens and City Council to keep our drinking water supply clean and to provide recreational opportunities by enacting the Comprehensive Watersheds Ordinance!
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G 688 ESC.HUMA.04.REPO Namibia. Parliament. National Assembly Parliamentary Standing Committee on Human Resources, Social and Community Development. Report on the Children Status Bill by the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Human Resources, Social and Community Development. [Windhoek] : Parliament, National Assembly, 2004.
G 688 E.GEND.10.PUBL Public participation in law reform : revision of Namibia's draft Child Care and Protection Bill : final report. [Windhoek] : Ministry of Gender Equality and Child Welfare : Legal Assistance Centre : UNICEF, 2010.
G 68 G 5744/2015. Namibia. Child Care and Protection Act No. 3 of 2015 In. Government gazette of the Republic of Namibia, No. 5744 of 29 May 2015. Repeals the Children’s Status Act 6 of 2006
Ambunda, Lotta N. and Willard T Mugadza (2009?). The protection of children’s rights in Namibia: law and policy
Kangandjela, Lena N. and Clever Mapaure (2009?). Work in progress : the Child Care and Protection Act in Namibia.
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This book is a continuation of the first book and is divided into a score reading section and a technique section.
In the score reading section the student learns about punctuation (quarter notes and eight notes), eight note triplets and quarter note triplets, slurs, 6/8 time, sixteen note triplets and thirty second notes. The technique section contains buzz rolls, strike control, single strokes, accents, double strokes, double stroke rolls, flam, drag, paradiddles, with and without accents and double stroke rolls in triplet feel. At the end you will find two advanced etudes. Upon completion of this book, the student will be able to meet most challenges in sight reading and technique.
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Boosts understanding of key literary elements using poetry-based lessons Assists students with learning about character, theme, setting, plot, metaphors and similes and more. Helps meet Common Core State Standards that address literary elements and the genre of poetry. For students in fourth through eighth grade. Lessons include background information, tips for reading the poem out loud, opportunities for writing, reproducible activity sheets and more. Scholastic Teaching Literary Elements Using Poetry, Grades 4 - 8 is one of many Language Arts Books & Activities available through Office Depot. Made by Scholastic.
|Office Depot||[show price]|
It has great value for 15.29.You should definitely buy one, i definitely recommend buying this Scholastic Scholastic Teaching Literary Elements Using Poetry, Grades 4 - 8.
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Sony is always getting intro trouble, especially with patent infringment. This time, Parallel Processing Corporation (PPC), a California-based company, has sued Sony and accused the creators of the PlayStation for infringing on its patent of Synchronized Parallel Processing with Shared Memory (Patent no. 5,056,000), and using the said patent on its Cell processors. What does this mean for Sony? Impounding and destruction of all Sony products that infringe on the same patent – which means destroying all PS3 consoles.
The five-page complaint that PPC filed against Sony claims that Sony’s powerful Cell processors used the company’s patented technology, enabling Sony’s Cell chips to breakdown processes into smaller ones, all running at the same time and in different parallel processors for faster computing.
The patent was signed and approved on October 8, 1991, and was awarded to International Parallel Machines. Parallel Processing Corporation claims to be the exclusive licensee of the patent, and is seeking damages and attorney’s fees.
UPDATE (1st August 2007 at 12:22):
Sony’s own patent, filed in 2001 and issued in 2007, actually lists the 1991 patent as a citation. In other words, Sony’s own patent lawyers have already seen the old patent and deemed it not to be a threat, and the U.S. Patent Office apparently agreed when it issued Sony the patent in June. This could mean that Sony may escape the lawsuit, but there is no guarantee.
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Strike while the iron is hot.
That seems to be the motto for food and beverage manufacturers across the country, because with a strong economy, many are now looking to complete major capital projects. From facility repairs and expansions, to replacement facilities and new greenfield projects, companies are moving quickly to invest in their manufacturing facilities.
At Ibberson, we’re proud to be part of many of these projects, and our involvement from pre-planning to final construction gives us unique insight into the latest developments in the industry. To share our expertise, here are just a few of the hottest design and construction trends in the food and beverage manufacturing industry.
The most significant change in food and beverage facilities may not be what’s coming down the production line, but the production line itself. As consumer appetites evolve and new food trends come and go, companies are increasingly looking to design and build facilities that can more readily adapt to changing market conditions.
To accomplish this, more companies are building flexibility into their overall plant design, leaving space to change lines, add equipment and accommodate new technology. This has become especially prudent for manufacturers of allergen-free foods. These companies are placing increased emphasis on airflow systems and designing facilities to include more space for cleaning down equipment and surfaces to ensure safe food processing procedures. Companies building for future expansion are also more common than they used to be as brands try to position themselves to respond to the inevitable changes in the market that lie ahead.
While certainly not a new trend, sustainability continues to be a driving force in manufacturing facility renovations and builds. Whether it’s an effort to meet regulatory requirements or to be good corporate citizens at a time when the public is increasingly concerned with climate change, companies are investing in advanced technology and design improvements to become more eco-friendly. Some of the most common sustainability strategies include changes to packaging processes, waste and sanitation systems, and the reengineering of systems to make water and energy use more efficient. Forward-thinking companies are also looking for ways to utilize renewable energy sources, particularly in greenfield projects. Designing facilities to incorporate biomass and solar capabilities is one of the more popular trends in the industry as companies look to reduce power consumption and diversify their manufacturing power sources.
For food manufacturers, the future is spelled I-I-o-T. The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has already started to revolutionize the way food and beverage brands bring their products to market, and that doesn’t appear to be changing anytime soon. When it comes to IIoT’s impact on facility design and construction, it depends on the age of the project.
For new builds, food and beverage brands are designing around the latest IIoT devices and equipment, making sure floor layout and site infrastructure are built with the IIoT in mind. But for facility renovations and updates, things aren’t so simple. Equipment and production systems that are reaching 20 years old or more weren’t designed for the IIoT. While there are bolt-on solutions that allow companies to modernize old equipment, this isn’t always possible. Instead, companies are facing the prospect of buying new equipment (which may necessitate facility design changes) or building more modern facilities altogether.
With IIoT technology still relatively new to the industry, many brands are still trying to figure out how best to leverage their new data capabilities. As they further adapt processes and update equipment, the design and construction of manufacturing facilities will undoubtedly reflect the impact of IIoT technology in increasingly profound ways.
It’s no secret that emerging companies have disrupted the food and beverage industry. But these smaller businesses are also taking a new approach to their facilities as well. Rather than taking on expensive greenfield projects, emerging brands are increasingly choosing to lease space from developers who build and operate the manufacturing facility. As they become more established in the market, they’re likely to build their own facilities, signaling yet further change for the design and construction of food and beverage manufacturing facilities.
Ready to set trends of your own with a new design-build project? Contact Ibberson today and see how our team of experts can help your food and beverage business stay ahead of the curve — and the competition.
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High vaccination rates protect Maine, NH from measles outbreak
PORTSMOUTH — While some states are seeing outbreaks of measles, prompting the federal government to look at state vaccination exemption rules, it has not been seen on the Seacoast.
Dr. David Itkin, infectious disease specialist at Portsmouth Regional Hospital, said each state sets its own exemptions for who may opt out of the measles vaccine and while the federal government has not yet made the decision to intervene, he feels it may be a discussion worth having.
“Measles is perhaps the most effectively spread of our respiratory viruses,” said Itkin. “In a susceptible group, 90 percent will catch it. It’s incredibly contagious. I think the leniency of allowing a philosophical exemption has enabled this disease to reemerge, where it was once gone.”
Dr. Benjamin Chan, New Hampshire's state epidemiologist, said measles was declared eradicated in the United States in 2000, but not abroad. He agrees the reemergence calls for discussion among the heath care community.
“There is no federal law defining the exemptions that are allowed,” said Itkin. “It’s also true that while there may be side effects, receiving the vaccine is still more responsible. The big concern we still hear is the risk of autism and that has been completely debunked.”
In New Hampshire, there are two allowed exemptions for not receiving the vaccine. Dr. Chan said medical and religious exemptions can allow a parent or guardian to choose not to vaccinate.
The states involved in the outbreaks have a third exemption. It is called a philosophical exemption and allows any parent to simply choose not to vaccinate.
Maine has all three exemptions. Emily Spencer, a spokesperson for Maine’s Department of Health and Human Services’ Division of Disease Surveillance, said the last measles case they saw was in 2017, and prior to that, in 1997.
Chan said no measles cases have been seen in New Hampshire now or within the last five years.
“It is important to note that we have been occasionally notified of cases that involve travelers,” said Chan. “They may have been in an area where measles is currently infectious. They did not lead to outbreaks.”
Jackie Dockham, Director of Infection Prevention at Exeter Hospital, said the last case she saw was 30 years ago.
“A woman came into the hospital for a different reason,” said Dockham. “She had a rash, and no one knew exactly what it was. Dr. Itkin came in and looked and said she had measles. The woman had not been on infection precautions and it caused quite a stir at the hospital. We make it mandatory now to know a patient’s status. Most of our staff are immunized, but once we had an employee who was a non-responder to the vaccine. That can happen with hepatitis B, too.”
Itkin said he has not seen an outbreak here but was part of overseeing one in the late '80s, in Omaha.
“It was pretty scary,” said Itkin. “Where you see low rates of vaccination tend to be in certain geographical areas. There are political/socio groups that include a higher rate of anti-vaxxers. They have state laws that enable them to opt out simply because they do not believe in the vaccination. They don’t trust the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) or the pharmaceutical companies that make the vaccines. They think natural immunity is better and they do not want the government telling them they have to do this.”
Chan said New Hampshire has a very high vaccination rate, with most children receiving the vaccination prior to entering school. The state tracks vaccination rates and in 2017-2018, the percentage of vaccinated children was 98 percent.
“That means we only had about 2 percent of children unvaccinated,” said Chan. “Of those, 52 percent were religious exemptions.”
“We do not have the philosophical exemption here,” said Chan. “For the medical exemption, a notarized document from the child’s physician is required. The religious exemption is a little less clear but also requires a notarized document.”
Because measles is a live attenuated vaccine, a child who has had a severe allergic or anaphylactic reaction to the first of two shots can be medically excused. Those who are immunosuppressed can opt out and pregnant women should not receive the vaccine.
Itkin added some people can be allergic to neomycin, an antibiotic used in the production of the vaccine.
“That’s all the more reason to have the people around them vaccinated, to offer the best protection,” said Chan. “Infants up to 12 months cannot receive the vaccination and the same principal of those close to the child getting vaccinated is advised. It’s called cocooning and means just what it sounds like, surrounding the infant with protected people.”
Chan said measles is one of the most infectious viral diseases. It is airborne and proximity is all that is needed to contract it.
Dockham said a newborn is immune-naked and the best way to protect them is to immunize everyone who will be in contact with the child, as is done with pertussis.
“As parents, we buy the best and safest crib,” said Dockham. “We research every safety measure. Why would you not offer this protection? It is a very safe vaccine. I know of some doctors who will not be your provider if you refuse vaccinations.”
“If one child gets it, nine or ten people near them who are not immune can get it,” said Chan. “Each of them can spread it to another nine or ten, and soon there is an outbreak.”
The higher the rate of vaccination, the less risk there is of measles spreading because of the herd immunity. Vaccinated people are the best way to stop the spread of the disease.
Measles begins with high fever, a cough and runny nose. A rash develops, moving from head to toe. There is no specific treatment, only supportive care for the symptoms and for complications.
“Some people get over measles on their own but there is a significant risk of complications and some can be severe,” said Chan. “One in 20 cases develop into pneumonia. More rarely there is encephalitis, swelling on the brain. There can be death.”
Itkin said choosing not to get the vaccination is more than a passive act. He said it is choosing to risk having your child exposed to a potentially dangerous disease.
“It is important to stress that measles is highly infectious and can cause serious, even life-threatening illness and the best protection is to get the vaccination,” said Chan. “It’s the best protection for the child, and for those around them. Two doses are 99 percent effective.”
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Will is a verb that actually means “to want to do something”. In other words, you want to do something. In fact, your desire to act can be the driving force behind your actions. Your inner voice and your subconscious mind drive your actions. They’re the only two people you can really trust.
This is why Will is so powerful. Will is an extremely powerful motivator. It can drive you to do anything if you want it to. You can even use it to get what you want. Will’s primary purpose in Deathloop is to drive everyone to kill each other, so you’ll have a chance to kill some other people, too.
I have never met you before.
Will is one of the few characters that you can actually see. You can see her eyes. Just look at her eyes, the way she’s looking at you. It’s like she’s trying to tell you something. She’s the only one that’s really talking to you.
Deathloop has you kill people and then later, you can change the situation. Not much, but for some people this can be an interesting way to play the game. If you want to kill someone, you need the death to happen on the same day, or next day, or the same hour, or next hour, or anytime. For instance, say you want to kill a guy who has a wife and kids.
Deathloop is about taking out your enemy by any means necessary. You can do this by making them sleep or even by changing their location and/or behavior. So if you want to make an enemy sleep in a certain place for a week, you set the enemy on that day to sleep. When they come back they wake up and find their spot where you put them and they sleep there for a week.
Well, actually it’s not so simple. The only way to do this remotely is to have the enemy stay in their place for the entire week and then you have to figure out a way to kill them. Which means you need to figure out how to give them a deathly bad time. In the case of the Deathloop story, we get to find out how things are really going to play out.
Yes, the enemy is going to be a lot more interesting than the regular story of Deathloop. The enemies stay asleep for the entire week and then it’s a race to take them down. With about 10 enemies, it’s still hard to figure out how to kill them.
After all the time it takes to kill most enemies, death is the one thing that makes you feel good about it. It means you don’t have to worry about it. You just don’t want to miss it. You just want to be able to give them a kill.
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The Daily Telegraph reports on a very dangerous Trump administration plan:
America is drawing up plans for a “bloody nose” military attack on North Korea to stop its nuclear weapons programme, The Telegraph understands.
The White House has “dramatically” stepped up preparation for a military solution in recent months amid fears diplomacy is not working, well-placed sources said.
One option is destroying a launch site before it is used by the regime for a new missile test. Stockpiles of weapons could also be targeted.
The hope is that military force would show Kim Jong-un that America is “serious” about stopping further nuclear development and trigger negotiations.
If this report is accurate, the administration may be much closer to launching an attack on North Korea than most Americans realize. Perhaps the most terrifying thing is that some in the administration imagine that the U.S. could launch an attack that did enough damage to convey our “seriousness” without precipitating a major war. According to the article, the attack on Syria from earlier this year is being held up as a model:
Donald Trump’s decision to bomb a Syrian government airfield earlier this year to defend America’s “red line” on chemical weapons use is seen as a blueprint.
The possibility that the U.S. is getting ready to launch another illegal attack on yet another country is disturbing enough, but it is truly frightening that anyone in the government thinks that launching a few dozen cruise missiles into Syria with no chance of retaliation and an attack on a nuclear-armed North Korean military have anything in common. Assad’s forces didn’t strike back in response to the U.S. attack because they couldn’t, and they didn’t possess such destructive weapons in any case. If the U.S. gave North Korean forces a “bloody nose,” we have to assume that retaliation would be immediate and massive, and it could even escalate into a nuclear exchange.
The enemy gets a vote. The notion in DC that you can give North Korea a “bloody nose” without the US or an ally suffering a severe stab wound in return is delusional. https://t.co/FhRxSbWAHB
— Vipin Narang (@NarangVipin) December 21, 2017
Furthermore, giving North Korea a “bloody nose” would probably be interpreted as a prelude to a full-on war for regime change. It would be impossible for the U.S. to credibly signal otherwise once it has already initiated an illegal and unprovoked attack. Once the U.S. initiates the conflict, North Korea has every incentive to cause as much damage as it can on the assumption that this could be their last opportunity. North Korea’s “bloody nose” would almost certainly mean the devastation of Seoul, it might lead to attacks on Japanese and U.S. targets, and it would probably cause a major crisis with China, and that’s one of the least disastrous scenarios.
On top of everything else, the “bloody nose” would not convey the desired message, but would make North Korea cling to its nuclear weapons all the more. North Korea’s nuclear weapons program isn’t going to be “stopped” by an attack like this, so in addition to being illegal and insane it would also be ineffective.
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Being included the square, bazar, mosque, school, water storage and mint, Ganjali Khan Complex was established at Ganjali Khan’s command, the ruler of Kerman during Shah Abbas Safavid’s period; a complex that has been the host of tourists for many centuries, in the heart of Kerman historic city.
One of the most beautiful parts of the complex is the historical bath related to 11th century AH. It embraces unique and picturesque tile decorations including floral and animal motifs in some parts.
“nobody has never referred to such a bath in the world” is a verse that is seen on the façade of the bath indicating the date of building in Abjad letters. After entering the bath you face a corridor which avoids the direct view of the outside through a bend. It ends in Sarbineh which is served as the main dressing room of the bath.
Being transformed into the Ethnography Museum, the main part of Ganjali Khan Bath is today the exhibition of items such as different types of loincloths, henna, cedar, tray, comb, mirror and pumice along with some sculptures taking a bath and washing themselves.
Another interesting sector in the complex is Ganjali Khan Square being restricted by bazar from three sides. The square become the economic center of the city in the early years and there was formed the public communities.
In addition to the entrances of bazar, the square includes a school with a small mosque for religious scholars established inside. The mint located in the north side, has been today transformed into the Coin Museum and is recognized by its pavilion above the roof. There also exists a water storage in the square which is referred to as Alimardan Khan, the name of Ganjali Khan’s son.
The bazar here is highly flourished and noisy similar to the other metropolitans’ bazars in Iran. Being located in the south side of the square, this bazar ends in a goldsmith market named Kaiser Bazar.
Since caravanserais are one of the main structures related to travel in Iran, we can follow the history of travelling in Kerman using the Ganjali Khan complex’s caravanserai. It makes, along with other parts of Ganjali Khan Complex, an interesting destination for travelers to this historic city.
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Minstry of Trade says the proposed United Kingdom (UK) Generalised Scheme of Preferences (GSP) stands to further improve access to the UK market for developing countries such as Malawi.
The GSP scheme will enable UK importers pay lower, often zero percent tariffs, on imports of textiles and other products from about 70 developing countries, including Malawi.
Speaking on Tuesday in Blantyre during a stakeholder validation workshop to consider a report on the newly-proposed UK-GSP scheme, Ministry of Trade Principal Secretary (PS) Christina Zakeyo observed that GSP schemes are fundamental instruments for increasing exports.
She, however, said Malawi needs to address issues of high tariffs, stringent rules of origin and non-tariff barriers to benefit.
Said Zakeyu: “As Malawi, we would like to optimise the following policy focus areas earmarked for adjustments, reducing tariffs for low-income and lower middle-income countries and simplifying rules of origin requirements for least developed countries.
“We also need to address amendments to the conditions and reporting requirements that enable a low-income or lower middle-income country to benefit from more generous provisions through the enhanced framework.”
In 2020, the UK Government announced that countries that are currently eligible for trade preferences under the European Union GSP would be maintained after the Brexit transition period from January 1 2021.
Prior to the UK’s withdrawal from the EU on January 31 2020, trade between Malawi and the UK was guided by the Everything But Arms (EBA) initiative, an EU GSP framework which extends preferential treatment to EU imports from developing countries.
However, following Brexit, an interim framework which replicated the EBA provisions has guided trade between the UK and the developing countries since January 1 2021.
A draft report on Malawi National Consultations on the Proposed Generalised Scheme of Preferences of the UK by Ronald Mangani, associate professor of economics at the University of Malawi recommended that for Malawi to benefit fully from the proposed UK GSP, it should build strong relationships with UK buyers, identify and cultivate business opportunities, while building a strategy to minimise risks and enhance industrial efficiencies.
It also recommended that Malawi should improve the quality of its products and raise national testing standards for food products to meet internationally-accepted standards.
Malawi has to also implement an enhanced programme on social and ethical standards, training on quality, value addition, and export requirements.
Reads the report in part: “A particular issue in the sugar industry is the tariff rate quota of 260 000 tonnes for raw cane sugar imported into the UK as part of the UK Global Tariff.
“Once the 260 000 tonnes threshold is met, any excess importation of sugar attracts 28 British pound sterling per 100 kilogrammes of sugar entering the UK.”
Apart from sugar, Malawi also imports tea and coffee to the UK market.
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Questions & Answers
Frequently Asked Questions
Most frequent questions and answers
Why deal with a manufacturer rather than a distributor?
How does digital printing compare to offset printing?
Digital printing utilizes either a liquid ink or a dry toner to produce the printed image on the sheet. While the quality of digital has improved substantially, it is not quite to the level of offset printing at this time but is very close.
A typical digital press has output resolution of 1200 dpi, while we output all of our files for offset printing at 2570 dpi—over 2x the resolution, which gives much finer detail in the printing area.
One key benefit to digital is that the setup cost is very low when compared to offset printing—this means a lower cost to you on smaller quantity print projects and it allows for personalization, which is a benefit when marketing to your clients.
What are the differences between RGB, CMYK and PMS?
RGB is the color spectrum that monitors use to display the colors of the printed piece that you design. Your monitor will use a combination of Red, Green, and Blue to visually simulate the look of your piece. Unfortunately, RGB has no bearing in the printing process, which is why there are times that your monitor will look differently from the printed piece.
CMYK is the color spectrum that offset printers use to create your full color printed piece. In offset printing, we use a combination of Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and blacK (4 color process) to create all the colors of the printed piece that you design. In CMYK printing, your files are separated by the computer into these 4 process colors, and then through the Postscript process converted to a series of dots that when laid over the top of each other are blended to create the color specified.
PMS stands for Pantone Matching System. PMS has a listing of several hundred ink colors that are pre-mixed to a specific color, and the ink is printed with its own printing unit. If your printing project is to be completed with 1, 2, or 3 colors, the printer will use the specific PMS colors that you choose, and the price may be less than it would be if printed in 4 color process (CMYK).
If your printing project has full color images, then it will be printed with CMYK.
What is UV printing?
UV Printing utilizes a specially formulated ink that dries by exposure to UV lights, rather than drying by exposure to air, which is the way most conventional inks dry.
The benefit of UV printing is that the inks are very environmentally friendly, there are no VOC’s (Volatile Organic Compounds) in the ink. In addition, the ink is dried immediately at the press, so your job can be completed much faster.
Alexander Clark Printing utilizes UV inks on our Sanden UV Web press, which is the only one of its kind in the State of Idaho.
Why do printers use Aqueous Coatings?
Plain and simple, it is a production aid. Putting an aqueous coating on a printed job allows printers to get your job back through the press faster. In conventional offset printing, there is a certain amount of time that it will take the ink to dry—this drying time will be affected by several factors:
- Printing on a coated sheet vs an un-coated sheet.
- Printing in 4 color process vs PMS colors.
- The amount of ink coverage on the job.
Putting a coating on the sheet “seals” the sheet—while the ink underneath the coating may not be dry, the top of the sheet is “sealed” by the coating and allows it to be run back through the press more quickly.
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NZ Design Grad to exhibit in Dubai
NZ Design Grad to exhibit in Dubai
200 Innovative Prototypes from 43 Countries to be presented in Dubai at the 2017 Global Grad Show Exhibition
Hosted by the Dubai Design District (d3), Global Grad Show announces the project selections for the third edition of the acclaimed annual exhibition of life-changing inventions from graduates of the world's leading design and technology universities. Curated by renowned author and designer, Brendan McGetrick, 200 innovative projects have been selected from over 470 global entries. The selections will be presented at the Global Grad Show from 14-18 November, 2017 during Dubai Design Week.
A not for profit initiative, the Global Grad Show will welcome graduates from 92 universities to Dubai to present forward-thinking prototypes around the themes of empowerment, connection, and sustainability. Graduates hail from universities far and wide, including leading institutions such as Design Academy Eindhoven (Netherlands), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, (USA), Royal College of Art (UK), and National University of Singapore. Further, work from emerging markets rarely seen on a global scale will be on view, including projects from designers based in Serbia, Uganda, Peru, Malaysia and New Zealand.
McGetrick curated the projects based on his personal interpretation of design that emphasises four categories: innovation that transcends technology and exists independent of wealth; equality without hierarchy amongst universities, regions and designers; universal design opens to all types of projects; and impact on the world at large through solutions to some of the world’s most pressing problems.
“We organise Global Grad Show to be a celebration of beautiful ideas,” McGetrick explains. “It features projects that are designed to directly benefit social and environmental causes. By presenting a cross section of design programs from around the world, we try to demonstrate how the brightest young minds are designing the future. The variety of programs offers a unique view to the ways in which designers in different places, with different budgets, cultural contexts, and tools develop solutions to the problems and opportunities of our time.”
This year, Global Grad Show announces the inaugural Progress Prize, which will be awarded to one exhibiting project. The winning prototype will be selected by an international jury from fields of journalism, design, manufacturing, innovation and investment and demonstrate originality of idea, social impact, international relevance and feasibility.
Jury members include:
Her Highness Sheikha Latifa bint Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum -Vice-Chairman of the Dubai Culture & Arts Authority
Mohammad Saeed Al Shehhi - CEO of Dubai Design District (d3)
Edwin Heathcoate - Architecture and Design critic, The Financial Times
Noah Murphy-Reinhertz - NXT Space Sustainability Leader, Nike
Aric Chen – Lead Curator, Design and Architecture, M+ museum
Petra Janssen - Owner and designer, Studio Boot and Social Label
Hugo Macdonald - Design Critic and Consultant
Faaris Naqvi - Founding Member, Bakery
Noah Radford - COO and Futurist-in-Chief, Dubai Future Foundation
Al Shehhi, CEO of Dubai Design District commented: "d3
welcomes the Global Grad Show back for another year as a
part of Dubai Design Week. This event brings focus to the
next generation of designers that will shape the future
through design, science, and innovation and will be an
exciting show for visitors to explore. We are committed to
supporting talent in education and our design community
provides a unique platform where young designers can unite,
co-create". Global Grad Show is held at Dubai Design
District (d3) and is free for all to
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ULAR51030 - LEAP Arabic 3
- Credits: 20
- Pre-requisite: LEAP Arabic 2 or equivalent eg. GCSE grade 6 or above taken in the last three years.
- Co-requisite: If you are studying a Modern Languages Degree, either single or joint honours, please refer to relevant guidance about eligibility for LEAP units on your programme structure.
- Taught during: Both semesters (September to May).
- Timetable: Timetable for the course
The course aims to further develop skills acquired in LEAP Arabic 1 & 2. It extends the emphasis on communication and comprehension skills through the use of high-frequency language expressions to describe topics of personal interest, current affairs and specific themes of everyday life. It will enable students to conduct brief oral exchanges related to limited specific topics or themes or to give a short presentation or information about an event. It also further consolidates the grammar already acquired and enhances students’ skills in reading and writing by equipping them with a broader range of vocabulary to enable them to read and write longer and more complex texts.
Upon successful completion of the course, students should be able to:
- demonstrate a deeper understanding and knowledge of Arabic grammatical rules and language structure
- demonstrate competency in comprehension and listening through accurately extracting key information from written and audio sources on specific familiar topics related to personal interest and current affairs.
- recognize and use known expressions and fundamental phrases used in everyday situations and to communicate orally in simple, routine situations, as well as handle short social exchanges about familiar topics with reasonable fluency;
- independently write short texts on limited familiar topics using a variety of vocabulary and formulaic expressions.
By the end of the course, students should be able to perform at Level A2/B1 of the Common European Framework.
Information handling, IT skills, cultural appreciation, language awareness, discussion, formal presentations
Teaching and learning methods
One three-hour seminar per week, delivered through blended learning which integrates on-campus and online instruction as necessary. This will also include online digital learning available via Blackboard and supplemented by extra online resources to aid students in their independent learning.
69 hours (3 hours per week) including assessment time
Independent study hours
140 hours (not including assessment time)
- Semester one: Week 12- Written Exam 30%
- Semester two: Week 11- Listening Exam 10% & Written Exam 30%; week 12 - Oral Exam 30%
If government or university guidance requires assessment to be held online, then Listening Exam may be assessed alongside the Oral Exam
Dr Orieb Masadeh-Tate
See Timetable for the course
20 per group
To be confirmed
Students are encouraged to use the Language Centre for material in Arabic.
Successful completion of this course unit will enhance your curriculum vitae and your employability by showing that you have the capacity to learn other languages and the desire to engage with other cultures.
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Social and Political Geographies of South Asia
- Quarters: Autumn
- General Education Requirements: I&S
Introduces the social and political geographies of South Asia through reference to agrarian change in India. Outlines key concepts related to the reproduction of inequality in the region, particularly theories of caste, class, gender, and religious communalism, and examines the mechanisms through which these inequalities are reproduced in South Asia.
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This is an image of Tethys.
Click on image for full size
Tethys was discovered by G. Cassini in 1684. Tethys is the 8th closest moon to Saturn.
Tethys is one of the icy moons. It is about as wide as the length of the Oregon coast.
Tethys is has a surface, with many craters, and also deep trenches.
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The surface of Tethys has many craters, which means that the surface is very old and hasn't been changed. But there is one region of Tethys which doesn't have many craters at all. The fact that there are...more
This is an image of the Earth's moon, shown in the lower left, with the icy moons of Saturn. The moons in order, starting from the top left are: Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, and Iapetus. ...more
Rhea was discovered by G. Cassini in 1672. Rhea is the 5th farthest moon from Saturn. Rhea is one of the icy moons. Rhea is about as wide as the state of California is long. Rhea is has many craters and...more
The planet Saturn has a lot of moons. It has a total of // Call the moon count function defined in the document head print_moon_count('saturn'); moons! Saturn also has huge rings which you can see in any...more
Dione was discovered by G. Cassini in 1684. Dione is the 7th farthest moon from Saturn. It is a small icy moon, lightly cratered, with white streaks across the surface. Dione is about as wide as the Oregon...more
The surface of Dione does not have many craters, which means that the surface has changed in the past. Instead of many craters, it has wispy white streaks like the ones on Rhea, which go for many kilometers...more
The surface of Enceladus does not have many craters. Instead it has grooves similar to those found on Ganymede. These grooves extend for many kilometers over the surface. The presence of grooves indicates...more
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A Priest, a Torah scribe and an historian go out to parley with the leader of a vast army carrying nothing more than some styli and parchment…
Compare 2 Kings 18:13-37; 2 Chronicles 32:1-16
Chapters 36 -39 are an historical supplement to the prophecies of 1 – 35. Beginning at the fourteenth year of Hezekiah’s reign, these chapters record the literal fulfillment of many of the prophecies of the first 35 chapters and act as a link between the first and second prophetic themes.
The events of chapter 36 are also recorded in 2 Kings 18:13-37 with some minor additions and textual variations. This period of history is also discussed in 2 Chronicles 32:1-16. Each of these records illuminates the other.
It is impossible to know whether the Isaiah account predates the 2 Kings account. However, the prophet’s habit of inserting historical information into his proclamations (e.g. 7:1-6; 8:1-4; 20:1; 22:15) along with the style of Hebrew used and the references in Chronicles 26:22 and 32:32 to Isaiah’s historical and geographical activities, suggest that the present record (perhaps written by Asaph the recorder [v3]) is the original and or was recorded at the same time as the slightly more detailed 2 Kings account. Regardless, the multiple accounts only serve to affirm the historical accuracy of these events which are also attested to by ancient Assyrian records of the invasion of Judea in 701 BCE. Some will say that because the 2 Kings account is slightly more detailed that it must be the original, however, In the example of the repetitious accounts of Jeremiah 52 and 2 Kings 24:18-25:30, we have a proof that the text of a passage may be more faithfully preserved in a second location than it is in its original form. Therefore, as I stated previously, it is impossible to know without doubt which of the texts is the original.
One of the strongest themes of this chapter is the arrogance and ignorance of the Assyrian king. This is faced in stark contrast by the vulnerable and frightened religious leaders and the historian sent to parley with the Rav-Shakeih (Great Cupbearer). Verse 3 almost sounds like the beginning of a bad joke “A Priest, a Torah scribe and an historian go out to parley with the leader of a vast army carrying nothing more than some styli and parchment…”
Isa 36:1 And it came to pass in the fourteenth year of king Chizkiyahu (Hezekiah: my strength is YHVH), that Sancheiriyv (Sennacherib: Sin (Moon god) send many brothers) king of Ashur (Assyria: a step) came up against all the fortified cities of Yehudah (Judah: praise), and took them.
2 Kings 18:13 Now in the fourteenth year of king Hezekiah did Sennacherib king of Assyria come up against all the fortified cities of Judah, and took them.
2 Kings 18:14 And Hezekiah king of Judah sent to the king of Assyria to Lachish, saying, I have offended you; turn away from me: that which you have put on me will I bear. And the king of Assyria appointed unto Hezekiah king of Judah three hundred talents of silver and thirty talents of gold.
2 Kings 18:15 And Hezekiah gave him all the silver that was found in the house of the Lord, and in the treasures of the king's house.
2 Kings 18:16 At that time did Hezekiah cut off the gold from the doors of the temple of the Lord, and from the pillars which Hezekiah king of Judah had overlaid, and gave it to the king of Assyria.
As mentioned in the introduction, Assyrian records detail the invasion of Judea in 701 BCE and the conquest of forty six cities but not Jerusalem.
It is no coincidence that these things began to happen in Hezekiah’s 14th year. 14 is 2 x 7 which is a number for completion. Thus, twice complete, the prophecies of the former chapters, being firmly established begin to manifest themselves literally before the eyes of all Israel.
Prior to the threats of Sennacherib via his messenger the Rav-Shakeih, we are blessed with the promise revealed in the meaning of Hezekiah’s name. “Chizki My strength Yahu He is YHVH Mercy”. Judah has sinned and is worthy of discipline, king Hezekiah, as we will soon see, is no perfect chassid (saint): however, Judah’s deliverance is not reliant on her righteousness but on the righteous strength of Hashem.
Against this Jewish king’s wonderful name we have Sancheiriyv, meaning “The moon god sends many brothers”. The Islamic world would do well to heed the warning inferred in this ancient narrative. Allah (feminine moon deity symbolized by the crescent moon) will send many brothers against Jerusalem (The Temple mount, Israel, the Jewish people) but the fate of those who despise the God of Israel and his people will be like that of the Assyrian Empire, they will cease to exist.
It is important to note that the additional events given in the 2 Kings account occurred prior to the events of verse 2. It is Hezekiah’s faithlessness toward God that precedes the encounter that follows. Hezekiah had clearly lacked trust in God and or disbelieved the prophecies of Isaiah to some degree until it was almost too late. By giving Sennacherib the silver from the Temple of God Hezekiah would have been seen to be symbolically submitting the God of Israel to the moon deity (and or other gods) of Assyria. By giving the treasures of his own house to Sennacherib he would have been seen to be symbolically submitting the kingship of Judah (and Israel) to Sennacherib, who boasted that he was the “Great King”. Hezekiah even went as far as removing the gold plating from the Temple doors and the pillars, gold that he himself had installed in an act of worship to God.
We have much to learn from Hezekiah’s actions. In many ways he was a devoted follower of Hashem but in many other ways he showed that he was prone to focus on temporal things and take his eyes off God’s eternal purposes. We are fools to take back those things that have previously been given over to God in worship and give them to the enemy of our faith. This happens when we take our eyes off eternal Mercy (HaShem) and instead submit our gaze to temporal fear. This is why Yochanan writes:
“There is no fear in love; but perfect love casts out fear: because fear has to do with torment. He that fears is not made perfect in love.” -1 John 4:18
Isa 36:2 And the king of Ashur (Assyria: a step) sent Rav-shakeih (Rav Great shakah drink giver: Chief Cupbearer) from Lachiysh (invincible: south of Jerusalem in the territory of Judah) to Yerushalayim (Flood of peace: Jerusalem) unto king Chizkiyahu (Hezekiah: my strength is YHVH) with a great army. And he stood by the conduit of the upper ha-bereichah pool (from barak: bless, kneel) by the highway near the field of choveis those who clean clothes by treading them down in water (a fuller).
2 Kings 18:17 And the king of Assyria sent the Tartan (General) and the Rab-saris (Great Eunich) and the Rab-shakeh (Great Cupbearer) from Lachish to king Hezekiah with a great host against Jerusalem. And they went up and came to Jerusalem. And when they were come up, they came and stood by the conduit of the upper pool, which is in the highway of the fuller's field.
The 2 Kings account adds two officials to the Rab-shakeh’s visit. This creates a balance between parties and sets the scene more thoroughly in order to give a greater sense of the pride of Assyria and the vulnerability of Judah. The plurality of the Assyrian party is presupposed by Isaiah 37:6, 24.
We notice that among the representatives of Judah there is no general or men of arms of any kind. As is often the case throughout Jewish history we Jews turn up to war with our Torah and history in hand. It is no wonder then that we are called people of the Book by some. While we don’t necessarily prove the adage “the pen is mightier than the sword”, it is true to say that in the end we trust in the Word that the pen engraves and that along with David the righteous among us proclaim “My heart is stirred with a good matter: I speak of the things which I have made touching the king: my tongue is the pen of a skilful writer.”
“Rav-shakeih” is a title rather than a proper noun. It translates literally as great drink giver or great irrigator, which is an idiomatic way of saying that this man is Sennacherib’s wine taster, his cup bearer, a man trusted to ensure that the king is not poisoned by a usurper or an enemy of the state. Thus Sennacherib puts his own words in the mouth of his most trusted subordinate. It is possible, due to his familiarity with the Hebrew language, that Rav-shakeih was an apostate Jew who was now in the service of Sennacherib.
“Lachish” is a city within the territory of Judah (Joshua 15:39) 12 hours walk south-west of Jerusalem. It’s known today by the tel (mound/hill) that adorns the landscape, thus Tel Lachish. It was the gateway city to the main trade route south toward Egypt and was thus an extremely important strategic location. Sennacherib was in the midst of besieging Lachish when he sent the Rav-shakeih to Jerusalem (2 Chronicles 32:9).
The pool mentioned is obviously close to the city walls given the fact that those on the walls could hear Rav-sakeih’s message spoken in Hebrew. Ben Melekh describes the pool, conduit, and highway:
“the pool is a ditch, built with stone and lime, where rainwater was collected, or where they drew water from the fountain, and the waters were gathered into this pool; and there was in this pool a hole, which they stopped, until the time they pleased to fetch water, out of the pool: and the conduit was a ditch near to the pool, and they brought water out of the pool into the conduit, when they chose to drink, or wash garments: the highway was a way paved with stones, so that they could walk upon it in rainy days; and here they stood and washed their garments in the waters of the conduit, and in the field they spread them to the sun.”
Isa 36:3 Then came out toward him Eleyakiym (God raises, arises), son of Chilkiyahu (My portion, territory, is YHVH), which was over ha-bayt the house, and Shevna (vigour, tender youth) ha-sofeir the scribe, and Yoach (YHVH a brother), son of Asaph (gatherer), ha-mazekiyr the recorder (from zakar: remember).
2 Kings 18:18 And when they had called to the king, there came out to them Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, which was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son of Asaph the recorder.
“Came out to him” means that they were sent out by Hezekiah. The Rav-Shakeih’s insolent words tell us that he would not have been above breaking protocol and calling the king of Judah out had he not been met promptly by Hezekiah’s officials.
It is interesting to note that the corresponding account in 2 Kings has a Deuteronomic tone, while the account in 2 Chronicles has a more historical sound. It is possible that Shevna was responsible for the 2 Kings account, being a scribe (Theological), while Yoach recorded the 2 Chronicle account in the historical style commonly employed by a recorder, chronicler, historian.
“Ha-Bayt” The House, is a title for the Temple. Thus, Eleyakiym was Priest of Hashem.
“Ha-Sofeir” The Scribe, is a title given to the chief scribe responsible for maintaining the accurate transmission of the Torah. Thus, Shevna was the keeper of the Torah.
“Ha-mazekiyr” The recorder, is a title given to the chronicler of historical events. Thus, Yoach was responsible for the accurate transmission of Israel’s history at the time of Hezekiah.
With the titles and roles of these three men in mind we’re able to see a certain prophetic continuity in their names:
· Eleyakiym, God raises up Mount Zion (The House, Har Bayt) above all other mountains (Micah 4:1).
· Shevna, vigorous and tender the Torah of the Lord goes out from Mount Zion (Micah 4:2).
· Yoach, Adonai a brother through Yeshua the King Messiah Immanuel [with us God](Hebrews 2:11; Luke 8:21), the living Word Who goes out from Jerusalem (Micah 4:2).
Therefore, it isn’t against men that Rav-Shevna (On behalf of Sennacherib) of Assyria has come to speak but against The House of God, The Torah of HaShem, and the promised King Messiah of Israel.
Note also the names of the fathers of these men:
· Chilkiyahu, HaShem is my portion and territory, He secures His territory.
· Asaph, gatherer of Israel.
During this season (See the following chapters) Hezekiah chooses to humble himself and place his trust in God as his portion, hoping that God will secure the territory of Judah. In addition, those of the tribe of Judah who have fled their ransacked cities and towns are gathered together in Jerusalem so that Hashem might deliver them from Sennacherib.
Isa 36:4 And Rav-shakeih (Rav Great shakah drink giver: Chief Cupbearer) said to them, “Say you now to Chizkiyahu (Hezekiah: my strength is YHVH), Thus says ha-gadol melek the great king, the king of Ashur (Assyria: a step), ‘What is ha-bitachon the trust ha-zeh the thing you’re batachta trusting?
2 Kings 18:19 And Rabshakeh said unto them, “Speak ye now to Hezekiah, Thus says the great king, the king of Assyria, What confidence is this you trust in?”
A portion of the Rav-Sakeih’s address on behalf of Sennacherib is also recorded in 2 Chronicles 32:10-12.
In a very real sense king Sennacherib is speaking directly to the three emissaries of Hezekiah as a sort of antithesis to God’s speaking to Israel through His prophet Isaiah.
“Ha-gadol Melek” The great king, is another way of saying “King of kings”, a title for God (Psalm 95:3) and thus, blasphemous. “The great king” is the standing royal title attributed to the names of Sargon and Sennacherib upon the Assyrian monuments.
“The thing” Rav-shakeih is referring to is Egypt, who he later calls a “broken reed” (v.6).
The form of trust referred to is batach, meaning a continued choice.
Isa 36:5 I say, ach surely, with devar-sefatayim a word of binding language I have counselled ugevurah and strengthened for war: now on whom do you batachta trust, that you rebel against me?
2 Kings 18:20 “You say, (but they are vain words,) ‘I have counsel and strength for the war.’ Now on whom do You trust, that you rebel against me?”
Kimchi suggests that the first section is intended to be understood as the mocked words of Hezekiah and the latter part Rav-shakeih’s commentary on them. In other words, Hezekiah says “But I’ve been strengthened by wise counsel and have prepared for war” and Rav-Shakeih mocks saying “Now on whom do you place your trust?”
2 Chronicles 32:3 tells us that Hezekiah had taken counsel from his princes and mighty men and had stopped up the water supplies that surrounded the city in preparation for the coming invasion.
Isa 36:6 Hinei Now, behold, pay attention, you batachta trust in the staff of this broken reed, on Mitzrayim Egypt (Double distress); which if a man lean on it, it will go into his hand, and pierce it: this is what Pharaoh (great house) king of Mitzrayim Egypt (Double distress) does to all that trust in him.
2 Kings 18:21 “Now, behold, you trust upon the staff of this bruised reed, even upon Egypt, on which if a man lean, it will go into his hand, and pierce it: so is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all that trust on him.”
It is worth reminding ourselves at this point that Lachish, from where Sennacherib’s emissary had come, was the key city in securing access to the main trading route between Judah and Egypt.
The reed is an appropriate figure for Egypt given the rich Nile delta and the prolific number of reeds and other water born vegetation. The Hebrew ratztutz does not mean bruised or fragile but broken. Egypt’s royal family had been literally broken by both the Ethiopians (Isaiah 18:1-7) and by Sargon (Isaiah 20:1-6).
Isa 36:7 But if you say to me, “We trust in Hashem (YHVH: Mercy) Eloheiynu our God”: is it not He, whose high places and whose altars Chizkiyahu (Hezekiah: my strength is YHVH) has turned aside, and said to Yehudah (Judah: praise) and to Yerushalayim (Jerusalem: Flood of peace), “lifnei before the face of ha-mizbeiach the altar, ha-zeh this one You will worship”?
2 Kings 18:22 “But if you say to me, ‘We trust in the Lord our God’: is it not he, whose high places and whose altars Hezekiah has taken away, and has said to Judah and Jerusalem, ‘You shall worship before this altar in Jerusalem?’”
The wording of the 2 Kings account clarifies the fact that the altar that Judah is using is the altar of the Temple mount in Jerusalem by adding the simple phrase “in Jerusalem”.
“Ha-mizbeiach” The Altar, is a reference to the altar of HaShem on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. Hezekiah had restricted the worship of HaShem to Jerusalem by removing the syncretistic and idolatrous altars elsewhere.
“He (Hezekiah) removed the high places, and broke the images, and cut down the occult groves, and broke in pieces the brazen serpent that Moses had made: for in those days the children of Israel burned incense to it: and he called it Nechushtan (literally bronze thing from nachash: to practice divination).” -2 Kings 18:4
The Rav-shakeih’s words show his ignorance concerning HaShem and the true worship practices of Israel’s righteous ones. He mistakenly links the high places to the worship of HaShem as if HaShem were a local cult deity limited by His attachment to the land. In fact, Hezekiah had done well to tear down the high places and their heathen altars.
Hezekiah had even gone so far as to break into pieces the sacred relic of the staff and bronze snake which Moses had used as a call sign in the healing of the nation. Hezekiah did this in order to make a clear distinction between the worship of God (Israel’s healer) and the idolatry of worshipping a symbol used in His healing work. We too are deluded if we think idolatry is confined to the statues and beliefs of foreign religions. To place anyone or anything above God is idolatry.
Ironically, by reminding Hezekiah and his officials of their righteous action he was in fact directing them back into the arms of the only One who could truly save them from Sennacherib and his armies.
Isa 36:8 Now therefore come and make an exchange with adoniy my lord ha-melek the king of Ashur (Assyria: a step), and I will give you two thousand horses, if you’re able for your part to set riders on them.
2 Kings 18:23 “Now therefore, I plead with you, give a pledge to my lord the king of Assyria, and I will deliver you two thousand horses, if you be able on your part to set riders upon them.”
This is no more than a taunt. Rav-shakeih knows that Judah doesn’t have the numbers of riders needed to man two thousand horses.
The “exchange” was the sending of Judeans to live among the Assyrians and become part of their empire, often meaning that they would become indentured servants, soldiers etc. This was common practice for both the Assyrians and the Babylonians.
Isa 36:9 How then will you turn away the face of even one commander of the least of adoniy my lord's servants, va-tivtach lecha and put your trust on Mitzrayim Egypt (double distress) for chariots and horsemen?
2 Kings 18:24 “How then will you turn away the face of one captain of the least of my master's servants, and put you trust on Egypt for chariots and for horsemen?”
This verse is self-explanatory. Neither Egypt nor Judah had the numbers to man their respective horses and chariots. Therefore, trusting in chariots and horsemen was at best laughable and at worst futile. Both Hezekiah and Judah will do well to place their trust in Hashem instead:
“Some trust in chariots, and some in horses: but we will remember the name of the Lord our God.” -Psalm 20:7
Isa 36:10 And am I now come up without Hashem (YHVH: Mercy) against ha-aretz the land to destroy it? Hashem (YHVH: Mercy) said to me, “Go up against ha-aretz the land, and destroy it.”
2 Kings 18:25 “Am I now come up without the Lord against this place to destroy it? The Lord said to me, ‘Go up against this land, and destroy it.’”
While it is true that in a more general sense God did send Assyria against Israel and Judah in order to discipline His chosen people, it is not true that either Rav-shakeih or Sennacherib had any relationship with the God of Israel that might afford them a direct commandment from the mouth of HaShem. This is a blasphemous lie spoken without fear in the name of a God Who will make Himself fearfully known to the Assyrians in due course.
Isa 36:11 Then said Eleyakiym (God raises, arises) and Shevna (vigour, tender youth) and Yoach (YHVH a brother) to Rav-shakeih (Rav Great shakah drink giver: Chief Cupbearer), “Daber Speak, I plead with you, to your servants in Aramiyt Aramaic (the Assyrian language); for we understand it: and don’t speak to us Yehudiyt (in the Jews' language), in the ears (in the hearing) of the people that are on the wall.”
2 Kings 18:26 Then said Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, and Shebna, and Joah, unto Rabshakeh, “Speak, I beg you, to your servants in Aramaic; for we understand it: and talk not with us in the Jews' language in the ears of the people that are on the wall.”
It is likely that Eleyakim spoke on behalf of the others seeing that he was the priest and was responding to what was effectively a blasphemous tirade.
The Lingua franca (trading language) of the day was Aramiyt. However, in order to cause panic among the people of Jerusalem Rav-shakeih was intentionally speaking Yehudiyt, another way of saying Ivriyt (Hebrew), the language of the Jews. This was what passed for psychological warfare at the turn of the sixth century BCE.
Isa 36:12 But Rav-shakeih (Rav Great shakah drink giver: Chief Cupbearer) said, “Has adoniy my lord sent me to Adoneycha your Lord and to you to speak these words? Has he not sent me to the men that sit upon the wall, that they may eat their own excrement, and drink their own piss with you?”
2 Kings 18:27 But the Rab-shakeh said to them, “Has my master sent me to your master, and to you, to speak these words? has he not sent me to the men which sit on the wall, that they may eat their own dung, and drink their own piss with you?”
The graphic language concerning excrement and piss is both mocking and tactical. This idiom infers that the city will run out of food and water and become so desperate that the residents will eat their own excrement and drink their own urine.
Isa 36:13 Then Rav-shakeih (Rav Great shakah drink giver: Chief Cupbearer) stood, and cried with a loud voice in Yehudiyt (the Jews' language), and said, “Hear you the words of ha-gadol melek the great king, the king of Ashur (Assyria: a step).
2 Kings 18:28 Then the Rab-shakeh stood and cried with a loud voice in the Jews' language, and spoke, saying, “Hear the word of the great king, the king of Assyria:”
Rav-shakeih intends this as a blatant slight against the request of Eleyakim and the Jews. However, unbeknownst to him he has sealed the fate of Assyria with a blasphemous challenge to the Authority and Kingship of the One true King of the universe Hashem YHVH. Sennacherib is not simply claiming dominion over Israel, he is claiming all dominion. This has been the great mistake of all who throughout history have sought to destroy the Jewish people. They have neglected to pay attention to the fact that God has placed his Name on Israel (Yisra Overcome El in God). Over 360 times in the Tanakh God is referred to either directly or indirectly as El-Elohaiy-YisraEl, “God the God of Israel”.
Isa 36:14 Thus says the king, ‘Let not Chizkiyahu (Hezekiah: my strength is YHVH) deceive you: for he will not be able to deliver you.
2 Kings 18:29 “Thus says the king, ‘Let not Hezekiah deceive you: for he shall not be able to deliver you out of his hand:’”
It is of course true that the man Hezekiah will not be able to save Judah. However, HaShem will deliver her.
Isa 36:15 Neither let Chizkiyahu (Hezekiah: my strength is YHVH) yabetach make you trust in Hashem (YHVH: Mercy), saying, ‘Hashem (YHVH: Mercy) will surely deliver us: this city will not be delivered into the hand of the king of Ashur (Assyria: a step).’
2 Kings 18:30 “Neither let Hezekiah make you trust in the Lord, saying, ‘The Lord will surely deliver us, and this city shall not be delivered into the hand of the king of Assyria.’”
Hezekiah may well have been encouraging the people of Jerusalem with the words already spoken by the prophet Isaiah:
“As birds afoot hovering (lighting upon), so will HaShem (YHVH: Mercy) Tzevaot (Goes warring) of hosts be upon Yerushalayim to defend and deliver her, pasakh He will pass over and affect her escape.” -Isaiah 31:5
Isa 36:16 Don’t listen to Chizkiyahu (Hezekiah: my strength is YHVH): for thus says the king of Ashur (Assyria), ‘Make an agreement with me by berachah a blessing, and come out to me: and eat you every one of his vine, and every one of his fig tree, and drink you every one the waters of his own cistern;
2 Kings 18:31 “Hearken not to Hezekiah: for thus says the king of Assyria, ‘Make an agreement with me by a present, and come out to me, and then eat you every man of his own vine, and every one of his fig tree, and drink ye every one the waters of his cistern:’”
While the p’shat plain meaning denotes a peace accord based on Judah’s surrender, there is a rather obvious remez (hint) in the Hebrew text. The Hebrew “berachah” is literally “blessing”. This means that the text can be understood to mean both agreement in a secular sense and blessing in the sense of spiritual approval. Thus Sennacherib is asking the Jews to make an agreement that denies both their ethnic and spiritual identities. The sad reality is that if Judah had accepted this proposal they would soon have discovered that many of them would not benefit in the ways promised.
The final clause may also infer an offer of protection from sexual defilement at the hands of the invading army. This due to the fact that drinking from one’s own cistern is a Hebrew euphemism for a man having sexual relations with his wife.
“Drink waters out of thine own cistern, and running waters out of thine own well.” -Proverbs 5:15
Isa 36:17 Until I come and take you away to a land like your own land, a land of grain and new wine, a land of bread (food) and vineyards.
2 Kings 18:32 “Until I come and take you away to a land like your own land, a land of grain and wine, a land of bread and vineyards, a land of oil olive and of honey, that you may live, and not die: and hearken not unto Hezekiah, when he persuades you, saying, ‘The Lord will deliver us.’”
Rav-shakeih employs language similar to that of Deuteronomy 8:8, affirming the adage that “the Devil puts a little truth in every lie”.
Isa 36:18 lest Chizkiyahu (Hezekiah: my strength is YHVH) persuade you, saying, “Hashem (YHVH: Mercy) will deliver us.” Have any of the gods of the nations delivered his land out of the hand of the king of Ashur (Assyria)?
2 Kings 18:33 “Has any of the gods of the nations delivered at all his land out of the hand of the king of Assyria?”
Once again Rav-shakeih and by proxy Sennacherib make the mistake of impugning the character of God, likening Him to the gods of other lands. The Assyrians might just have well cut their own throats.
“Who is like unto thee, O Lord, among the gods? who is like thee, glorious in holiness, fearful in praises, doing wonders?” -Exodus 15:11
“Now I know that the Lord is greater than all gods: for in the thing wherein they dealt proudly he was above them.” -Exodus 18:11
“For great is the Lord, and greatly to be praised: he also is to be feared above all gods.” –1 Chronicles 16:35
“And the house which I build is great: for great is our God above all gods.” -2 Chronicles 2:5
Isa 36:19 Where are the gods of Chamat (Fortress) and Arphad (I will be supported)? where are the gods of Sepharvayim (Two booktowns)? and have they delivered Shomron (Samaria: watch mountain) out of my hand?
2 Kings 18:34 “Where are the gods of Hamath, and of Arpad? where are the gods of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivah? have they delivered Samaria out of mine hand?”
The 2 Kings account adds two cities to the list of places whose gods have failed to defeat the king of Assyria: Hena, meaning troubling, a city once located in what is now modern day Iraq; and Ivah, meaning ruin, another city conquered by the Assyrians which was located on the Euphrates river between Sepharvaim and Hena.
Isa 36:20 Who are there among all the gods of these lands, that have delivered their land out of my hand, that Hashem (YHVH: Mercy) could deliver Yerushalayim (Jerusalem: Flood of peace) out of my hand?”
2 Kings 18:35 “Who are they among all the gods of the countries, that have delivered their country out of my hand, that the Lord should deliver Jerusalem out of mine hand?”
Rav-shakeih hammers the final nail into the Assyrian coffin, claiming in Sennacherib’s name that YHVH cannot deliver Judah out of the Assyrian’s hand.
Isa 36:21 vayachariyshu But they were ploughed, silent, speechless, and they didn’t answer a word: for the king's had commanded them, saying, “Don’t answer him.”
2 Kings 18:36 But the people held their peace, and answered him not a word: for the king's commandment was, saying, “Answer him not.”
The officials’ obedience to Hezekiah’s instruction shows their righteous character. They have clearly been unsettled by the words of Rav-shakeih, however, they remain committed to the king of Judah and to their God. After all, not all in Judah had been guilty of idolatry, and during Hezekiah’s reign it follows that righteous men were given position in the priesthood and in the court of Hezekiah.
By keeping silent in the face of the blasphemous challenge of Sennacherib, the leaders of Judah left room for God’s answer to pervade.
“Vengeance is Mine, and recompense;
Their foot shall slip in due time;
For the day of their calamity is at hand,
And the things to come hasten upon them.” -Deuteronomy 32:35
“Beloved, do not avenge yourselves, but rather give place to wrath; for it is written, “Vengeance is Mine, I will repay,” says the Lord.” -Romans 12:19
Isa 36:22 Then Eleyakiym (God raises, arises), son of Chilkiyahu (My portion, territory, is YHVH), which was over ha-bayt the house, and Shevna (vigour, tender youth) ha-sofeir the scribe, and Yoach (YHVH a brother), son of Asaph (gatherer), ha-mazekiyr the recorder (from zakar: remember), went to Chizkiyahu (Hezekiah: my strength is YHVH) with their clothes torn, and told him the words of Rav-shakeih (Rav Great shakah drink giver: Chief Cupbearer).
2 Kings 18:37 Then came Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, which was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son of Asaph the recorder, to Hezekiah with their clothes rent, and told him the words of Rabshakeh.
The tearing of garments was done only at times of great grief. It is also done as a sign of repentance along with the donning of sackcloth and throwing dust on ones’ self. The officials were obviously terrified by what they had heard and returned to Hezekiah looking like men who had just looked death in the face. This is the catalyst for Hezekiah’s response in the following chapter.
© 2018 Yaakov Brown
Founder of the Beth Melekh International Messiah Following Jewish Community,
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The Clean Skies for Tomorrow Coalition provides a crucial global mechanism for top executives and public leaders, across and beyond the aviation value chain, to align on a transition to sustainable aviation fuels as part of a meaningful and proactive pathway for the industry to achieve carbon-neutral flying.
Stakeholders will work together to address the chicken-and-egg scenario whereby producers and consumers are both either unwilling or unable to carry the initial cost burden of investing in new technologies to reach a scale where they are competitive with existing fossil fuel-derived options.
Champions of the Clean Skies for Tomorrow Coalition will advance co-developed initiatives to break this impasse, to advance the commercial scale of viable production of sustainable low-carbon aviation fuels (bio and synthetic) for broad adoption in the industry by 2030. Initiatives include a mechanism for aggregating demand for carbon-neutral flying, a co-investment vehicle and geographically specific value-chain pilots.
The Clean Skies for Tomorrow Coalition is led by the World Economic Forum in collaboration with the Rocky Mountain Institute and the Energy Transitions Commission. It is advanced through close consultation with advisory partner, the Air Transport Action Group.
Founding champions include: Airbus Group, Heathrow Airport, KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, Royal Schiphol Group, Shell, SkyNRG, SpiceJet and The Boeing Company.
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On Tuesday 16th May 2017, at 4:45am, in temperatures of minus 35°C, Mollie Hughes successfully reached the summit of Mount Everest from the North side.
This was Mollie’s second time standing on top of the world having already summited the South side of Everest in 2012. Achieving this feat at the age of 26 made her the youngest woman in the world and the first English woman to successfully summit from both the north and south sides of the world’s highest mountain.
Mount Everest 2012 Expedition
Mollie’s 2012 Mount Everest expedition was inspired by her university dissertation project. Mollie studied Psychology and Sports Biology at the University of the West of England, Bristol. For her final year project she decided to investigate the psychological experience of climbing Mount Everest, interviewing seven male climbers who had all reached the summit. Mollie explored their motivation, their ability to control fear, the psychological pressures they faced and their experience of reaching the summit.
From the first interview Mollie was hooked, she was quickly inspired to attempt her own Mount Everest expedition. Mollie spent the next 12 months sponsorship hunting, increasing her mountaineering experience and undergoing serious physical training. At the beginning of April 2012 Mollie left the UK for her own attempt to summit Mount Everest, aged just 21 years old.
Mollie’s 2012 expedition was from the South side of the mountain via Nepal. Mollie climbed through the notorious Khumbu Icefall, the Western Cwn, scaled the Lhotse Face, camped at 7,900m on the South Col and after two incredibly challenging months reached the summit at 8am on the 19th May 2012. Mollie was accompanied by her friend and Sherpa guide Lhakpa Wongchu Sherpa who is from Pangboche in the Solukhumbu.
Mount Everest 2017 Expedition
In 2017 Mollie set off to climb Mount Everest for the second time. But this expedition was from the colder, windier and more technical Northern Route. Accompanied again by Sherpa Lhakpa Wongchu as well as Mollie’s friend and British mountain guide Jon Gupta and Lila Tamang.
This small team spent six weeks acclimatising on the slopes of Mount Everest, gaining altitude on each rotation, stashing kit high on the mountain and getting prepared for their summit attempt.
A small weather window appeared during the middle of May, when winds on the summit would die down just enough for them to reach top and get back down again. Mollie and her team headed up the mountain and after a short stop of at camp 3, located at 8,300m above sea level, they set off on their summit attempt at 8pm on the 15th May.
Following the North-East ridge, over the challenging 1st, 2nd and 3rd step, around the summit pyramid and onto the highest point on earth at 4:45am on the 16th May 2017. Mollie became the first English woman to summit Everest from both the North and South sides as well as the youngest woman ever to achieve this at the age of 26.
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In this post, I will talk about a free API to get astronomy picture of the day from NASA. Here using this API, you can get today’s astronomical picture of day by just making a simple API call. This is an official API from NASA which you can use to fetch APOD and use it in your web and mobile applications. Just like other APIs, it returns data in JSON format and you can also see some information about the image in various JSON keys. You can see URL to the image, its description, its title, and some others information. You can get this data in JSON and then do whatever you like.
If you want to embed the images in the webpage of your website then you can do that. You can make calls from different programming languages and get the data. You will even find the different code snippet examples on its homepage that you can use. Otherwise, you can use this API using your browser and the command line. Or, you can run cron job or something like that to daily download the astronomy picture of the day automatically.
Free API to Get Astronomy Picture of the Day from Nasa:
Now, simply make the API call. You can use the browser or use cURL from the command line. It will get you the response in JSON format You can see the following screenshot. And along with direct URL of the image, you can see some additional data in the API response.
Above, you can see how this API works to get you the astronomy picture of the data from NASA. This is the official API from NASA for developers and individual programmers. You can easily use this API for any purpose and integrate in your projects or any other programming related work.
NASA’s API for astronomy picture of the day is a very simple and useful API that you will like. From your web and mobile applications, you can easily fetch the high-resolution astronomy picture along with other details. If you want to convert the JSON data that it returns to some other format then you can do that. There are some tools which allow you to convert the JSON data to CSV, XML, and some other popular formats.
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