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My earliest recollection of drinking straws was the discovery that I didn’t need them. When I was growing up, my family owned a small restaurant in Southern California where one of our featured items was milkshakes. I used to make my own. I liked them very thick because of the texture and strong ice cream flavor. Sometimes they were so thick that they wouldn’t pass through a straw no matter how hard you might try.
I also didn’t use straws for soft drinks, because I liked to drink them with a lot of crushed ice so that my epicurean palate could be titillated by the flavor of the drink and the prickling of the ice all at the same time.
These were my preferences as a pre-adolescent; however, when I became a teenager, my priorities began to change. This was in the 1950s when television and the cinema were rife with scenes of young amorous couples dreamily looking into each other’s eyes while languorously sipping a milkshake through two straws in the same glass.
I still don’t particularly like drinking straws, but I recognize they do have their uses. And have been serving and disturbing mankind almost from the dawn of time. This is why I believe the drinking straw very much deserves a place on the list of what I like to call “extraordinary ordinary things.”
A drinking straw (or drinking tube) is a small pipe used for consuming liquids. It is basically a thin tube of paper, bamboo, steel, plastic, or other materials. It is used by placing one end of the tube in the mouth and the other end into a liquid.
What is a Drinking Straw?
The physics of its use is very simple. When the straw is placed in the liquid, a small bit is taken into the straw. A combination of muscular action of the tongue and cheeks then reduces air pressure in the mouth and above the liquid in the straw. As a consequence, atmospheric pressure bearing down on the liquid in its container forces it through the straw into the mouth.
In their modern incarnation, drinking straws can be straight or have an angle-adjustable bellows segment. They are usually intended for a single use and then thrown away. However, in this era of environmental concern, several countries, regions, and municipalities have banned or restricted the use plastic straws to reduce plastic pollution. Additionally, a number of large food service companies (e.g. McDonald’s, Starbucks) have voluntarily reduced or eliminated the number of plastic straws distributed on their premises. And the movement against plastic straws continues to grow.
History of the Drinking Straw
Although very much in the spotlight today, the first use of the drinking straw probably pre-dates recorded history by several centuries, if not several millennia. It is hard not to imagine that someone somewhere (and probably many someones in many somewheres) in areas where reed-like plants with hollow centers grow didn’t discover that they could be used for drawing liquids into their mouth.
The first known drinking straws were made by the Sumerians and were probably used for drinking beer to avoid the solid byproducts of fermentation that sink to the bottom. The oldest drinking straw in existence, found in a Sumerian tomb dated to approx. 3,000 BCE, was a gold tube inlaid with the precious blue lapis lazuli stones.
Very little is known about the use of drinking straws until fairly recent times. Argentines and their neighbors for several hundred years have used a straw-like device in metal called a bombilla for drinking “maté tea.” Being made from maté leaves, this infusion leaves a solid residue in the cup, so the bombilla acts as both a straw and a sieve to strain out the residue.
Like so many other things, drinking straws didn’t really become ordinary until the Industrial Revolution made it feasible to design them for purpose, produce them in large quantities, and distribute them far and wide at an affordable price while nevertheless producing substantial profits for manufacturers and distributors.
In the 1800s, rye grass straws came into prominence because they were cheap. However, being made of rye grass, they had an irritating tendency to turn to mush when put in liquid.
In 1888, American Marvin C. Stone patented what may be considered to be the first modern drinking straw. Being made of paper, it proved to be significantly superior to the rye grass straw.
Stone is said to have come up with the idea while drinking a mint julep on a hot day in Washington, D.C. He found the flavor of the rye grass straw seeping into his drink made it somewhat unpalatable. As an experiment, he wound a piece of paper around a pencil to form a thin tube. He then slid out the pencil from one end and applied glue between the strips, making his mint julep and other drinking passing through it considerably more satisfying. Seeing the opportunity, Stone subsequently built a machine that would coat the outside with wax to hold it together, so the glue wouldn’t dissolve into the drink.
But this was only the first part of the innovation. Early paper straws had a narrow bore similar to that of the rye grass stems, so it was common to use two of them to reduce the effort needed to take a sip. Cocktail straws today are often still used in pairs, probably for the same reason. And also probably because they appear to be more sophisticated for imbibing a sophisticated drink.
Plastic straws became widespread following the Second World War, in sum respect reflecting two major changes in American society. The plastics used in their manufacture were inexpensive, and eating out in “family restaurants” (what the French might call restaurants bourgeois) featuring hearty but simple food accompanied by large quantities of non-alcoholic beverages had become increasingly affordable, and thus increasingly popular.
Types of Straws
Different types of straws have been designed for specific beverages and use. For example:
- Bendy straw. Known in the industry as an “articulated straw,” this type of drinking straw is made with a concertina-tlike hinge near the top. This allows the user to bend the tip of the straw into the mouth to avoid the inconvenience of having to draw up the liquid through a straight straw.
- Spoon straw. This variation has a spoon-like tip at the bottom. It is often used with slushy beverages, i.e. containing large quantiles of crushed ice. The spoon is used to scoop up the slush and bring it conveniently to the mouth.
- Wide opening straw. Characterized by central tube wider than conventional models, these straws are commonly used to drink “bubble tea” and similar beverages which contain small solid bits (pearls) as part of their formulation.
- Crazy straw. This type of straw, made of a hard transparent or translucent plastic, has a number of twists and turns at the top, making it particularly attractive and entertaining for children
To Sip or Not to Sip, That Is the Question
It may seem unlikely that something as ubiquitous, colorful, and apparently as anodyne as the drinking straw could become the subject of heated controversy. But in it did, and still is.
The reason for the controversy is what made drinking straws so ubiquitous and colorful in the first place. For the most part, they are made of plastic.
It is useful to bear in mind that plastic (or rather plastics because there are myriad varieties of them) at their widespread commercial introduction just after World War were widely considered to be the wonder-materials of the 20th century. However, following the success of the epoch-making book Silent Spring (Rachel Carson, 1962) spurring a general increase in concerns about ecology and environmental degradation, focus gradually shifted attention away from the utility of plastics to a significant drawback. They are not biodegradable. This means that once they are used, unless they can be re-used or recycled (both of which are unlikely), they are dumped somewhere and left to continue their existence almost to the end of time.
Plastic straws are no exception. Once used, unless they are re-used (which is not in their nature), they must be safely disposed of just like all other non-reusable plastic products. However, due to lack of stringent laws, lack of enforcement of stringent laws, and indifference to stringent laws, thrown away plastic straws began showing up in socially unacceptable places, such as the world’s seas and oceans. Additionally, when plastic straws are improperly disposed of, they can be transported via water into soil and other ecosystems, where they break down into smaller, more hazardous pieces than the original plastic straw.
Alternatives to plastic straws, some reusable, exist; however, they are criticized as not being of sufficient quality for all users. For example, paper straws are prone to losing their rigidity when soaked inside highly liquid beverages (notably soft drinks) and may not be durable enough for thicker beverages such as milkshakes. Metal straws are more durable, but cannot be manufactured to bend, one of the most popular characteristics of plastic straws.
Defenders of plastic straws also like to argue that alternatives are not as environmentally friendly as they might first appear to be. They cite the environmental impacts of producing paper for producing paper straws and mining for producing the metals for metal straws. Disposable of paper and metal straws after use also engenders environmental impacts.
As different countries become increasingly aware of the problems with plastic straws, more and more of them have been looking at legislations to ban them. However, there is opposition to a total ban, notably from disability rights advocates. They argue alternative materials are not well-suited for use by people with conditions such as cerebral palsy and spinal muscular atrophy. Why? They make several points:
- People with certain disabilities incapable of capable of washing re-usable straws and would find it cumbersome to carry with them when they are not at home.
- Straws made from inflexible materials such as metal cannot be easily repositioned.
- Paper straws lose their firmness over time when soaked in a beverage, making it difficult for people with certain disabilities to comfortably drink.
- Straws made from hard materials such as metal can cause injuries. A case in point: In 2019, an English woman with a disability was killed when she fell and her face was impaled by a metal straw she was carrying with her.
These considerations, however well justified, may appear to be little more than a sidebar to the principal problems posed by plastic straws. However, historically the first targeted sales of single-use plastic straws occurred in 1947 when U.S. manufacturers promoted them to hospitals. They targeted hospitals because of three main properties of disposable plastic straws that made them invaluable for the care of feeble bed-ridden patients: 1) they are sterile, so there is no risk of infection, 2) they are bendable, so they are more easily maneuverable than straight straws, and they are non-allergenic, so excluding the risk of provoking serious allergic reactions.
It seems unlikely that plastic-drinking straws will ever be banned outright. However, it seems inevitable that their use might be limited to certain persons (the disabled), certain establishments (hospitals, care homes), and certain business establishments under very specific conditions.
Unusual Uses for Straws
Whatever your position on plastic straws and their contribution to environmental degradation, we can all agree that in addition to sipping beverages, straws have a number of other original, inventive uses. Here are just a few of them.
1. Cherry pitter
Some people believe that separating a cherry from its pit in your mouth is part of the fun of eating cherries. Others don’t. To remove the pit from a cherry before putting it into your mouth, first remove the stem of the cherry. Next, take a thick plastic straw, position it at one and of the cherry, then push it through until it comes out the other side, pit an all. The cherry is now ready to pop into your mouth or, more likely, to be used in a delicious fruit salad.
2. Strawberry huller
I like eating whole strawberries as a snack. I first pull off the green leafy top, then pop it into my mouth. If a little bit of the leaf still remains, it doesn’t bother me. I also like eating the whitish central stalk. However, for most culinary uses, it is necessary to ensure that the leaf is completely removed along with most of the stalk.
To achieve these twin exploits, push a straw gently through the bottom, aiming for the leaf at the top. When the straw pierces the top, all the green comes with it and the stalk will be split. That’s all there is to it. Hull a strawberry this way instead of cutting it open with a knife not only saves considerable time and effort, but also more of the fruit.
3. Wire organizer
As we acquire more and more electric and electronic gadgets, we also acquire more and more electric wires to power them. Sometimes it is necessary to unplug one of more of them. When they are arrayed on a multiplug located in a difficulty to reach location, unplugging the wrong one is an ever-present possibility.
Take a bunch of straws, cut them lengthwise, and then use a permanent marker to write the name of the gadget it belongs to. Wrap the straws around the wires. If you have different colored straws, you might like to color code your wires—you’ll quickly get used to which wire does what.
4. Bracelet and necklace holder
Here is a quick and easy way to prevent bracelets and necklaces getting all tangled-up in each other in a jewelry drawer. Thread the chain of the jeweler through a straw and close the clasp at the other end. It may be necessary to cut the straw to the length of each piece of jewelry. But this is hardly too much to ask to be free of having to disentangle pieces of jewelry from each other each time they are to be worn.
5. Vacuum pack
Storing fresh or leftover food in the freezer often involves using little plastic sandwich bags. Here’s a straw-based tip to store a maximum amount of food in this way. Close the seal of the bag as tightly as you can, insert a straw into the bag and suck out the air. Air takes up space, so with the air removed, you will be store much in more in the freezer than if the air is left in.
6. Remove bits of cork from wine
Bits of cork that accidentally fall into a bottle of wine when you are opening it can reduce the pleasure of drinking it. To remove these bits, insert the straw into the bottle over an errant floating cork crumb, put your finger over the end of the straw outside the bottle, then lift the crumb out. Repeat until all the crumbs have been removed.
7. Perfect flower arrangements
Two things make flower arrangements less attractive: some flowers are two short, and some flowers begin to droop. Drinking straws can be used to remedy both problems:
- Even out the height of flowers. Remove each of the too-short stems from the vase, stick the stems into plastic straws, trim the straw to get the desired height, and then reinsert into the vase. All the flowers will stand straight and tall, and no one will know the difference.
- Revive drooping flowers. If your flowers are beginning to droop because of weakened stems, strengthen the stems by slipping them through the straws and re-insert them into the vase. They will now stand up tall and proud, and no one will know the difference.
8. Adorn bicycle spokes
Children love to ride bicycles because it is an incipient sign of their growing independence. However, after a while their bicycle can begin to appear somewhat boring. To spice things up, cut some gaily-colored drinking straws length-ways and into shorter segments. Then fit them around the spokes. Suddenly an ordinary bike becomes a work of art. P.S. Adults may also find this a fun thing to do.
9. Easy-carry medicines or seasoning holder
Many people these days are on diets, both to lose weight and for medical reasons. For example, a low-sodium diet requires substituting potassium salt for ordinary table (sodium) salt. However, most restaurants don’t have potassium salt. To keep to your diet, fold over one end of as straw and tape it shut, fill the straw, fold and tape this end shut, then stick it into your pocket or purse. It will be small, non-encumbering, and you will always have it with you. The same trick is useful for carrying around special seasonings you like that you would not normally find in a restaurant or at a picnic.
10. Get thick ketchup to flow out of the bottle
A famous brand of this condiment once advertised itself as the “the slowest ketchup in the West.” This was a very picturesque way of suggesting superior quality. The slower the ketchup comes out of the bottle, the better it is. However, after a while waiting for the ketchup to exist the bottle becomes annoying, no matter how reassuring. To speed things up, insert a straw all the way into the bottle, then stir it around a bit or give the bottle a shake. This simple maneuver will get ketchup flowing almost instantly.
12. Bag clip
Nibbling on potato chips, corn chips, and other chip-like snack foods while perhaps not the best idea for weight control and long-term health is nevertheless a well-established tradition. Many people buy and consume these snacks in very tiny bags to avoid abusing them. However, this can be rather expensive; two small bags potato chips can cost up to 40 percent more than a single larger bag. Moreover, if they find that one bag is not quite enough, they open a second bag, which they often feel compelled to empty even if they don’t really want to.
So what to do? Simply cut a straw lengthwise, then snip off the ends so that it is the same width as the bag. Slide the straw over the open top of the bag, roll the top several times, then slide a second straw over it. This will ensure that the bag is securely sealed, maintaining f freshness while ensuring that the chips won’t accidentally spill out.
Straws and Computing
Just like most other people, scientists are not immune to the charm of plastic straws.
Inspired by arthropod insects and spiders, about 10 years ago Harvard University scientists Alex Nemiroski and George Whitesides created a type of “semi-soft robot” capable of walking, using simple materials such as drinking straws and inflatable tubing.
Unlike earlier robots that could stand and awkwardly walk by inflating air chambers in their bodies, this new generation of soft robots are much more nimble in their movements, opening the door for possible real-world applications. For example, it is hoped soft robot could eventually be used in search operations following natural disasters or in conflict zones.
As explained by George Whitesides in the journal Soft Robotics, “If you look around the world, there are a lot of things, like spiders and insects, that are very agile. They can move rapidly, climb on various items, and are able to do things that large, hard robots can’t do because of their weight and form factor. They are among the most versatile organisms on the planet. The question was, how can we build something like that?”
According to colleague Alex Nemiroski, the answer came in the form of conventional drinking straw.
“This all started with an observation that George made that polypropylene tubes have an excellent strength-to-weight ratio. That opened the door to creating something that has more structural support than purely soft robots have,” Nemiroski said. “That was the building block, and then we took inspiration from arthropods to figure out how to make a joint and how to use the tubes as an exoskeleton. From there it was a question of how far can your imagination go? Once you have a Lego brick, what kind of castle can you build with it?”
What they built, he said, is a surprisingly simple joint.
Whitesides and Nemiroski began by cutting a notch in the straws, allowing them to bend. The scientists then inserted short lengths of tubing which, when inflated, would force the joints to extend. A rubber tendon attached on either side would then cause the joint to retract when the tubing deflated.
Armed with that simple concept, the team built a one-legged robot capable of crawling, and moved up in complexity as they added a second and then a third leg, allowing the robot to stand on its own.
“With every new level of systems complexity, we would have to go back to the original joint and make modifications to make it capable of exerting more force or to be able to support the weight of larger robots,” Nemiroski said. “Eventually, when we graduated to six- or eight-legged arthrobots, making them walk became a challenge from a programming perspective. For example, we looked at the way ants and spiders sequence the motion of their limbs and then tried to figure out whether aspects of these motions were applicable to what we were doing or whether we’d need to develop our own type of walking tailored to these specific types of joints.”
While the scientists were able to control simple robots by hand by using syringes, they turned to computers to control the sequencing of their limbs as the designs increased in complexity.
“We put together a microcontroller run by Arduino that uses valves and a central compressor,” he said. “That allowed us the freedom to evolve their gait rapidly.”
Although they were able to replicate the ant’s distinctive “triangle” gait using their six-legged robot, duplicating a spider-like gait proved far trickier.
“A spider has the ability to modulate the speed at which it extends and contracts its joints to carefully time which limbs are moving forward or backward at any moment,” Nemiroski said. “But in our case, the joints’ motion is binary due to the simplicity of our valving system. Either you switch the valve to the pressure source to inflate the balloon in the joint, and thus extend the limb, or you switch the valve to atmosphere to deflate the joint and thus retract the limb. So in the case of the eight-legged robot, we had to develop our own gait compatible with the binary motion of our joints. I’m sure it’s not a brand-new gait, but we could not duplicate precisely how a spider moves for this robot.”
Developing a system that can fine-tune the speed of actuation of the legs, Nemiroski said, would be a useful goal for future research, and would require programmable control over the flow rate supplied to each joint.
“We hit that limitation in the system, which I’m actually pretty proud of, because it means we pushed it to its absolute limit,” he said. “We took the basic concept and asked how far we could go before we would have to make radical alterations to how these limbs work, and we found that limit at the eight-legged robot. We were able to make it walk, but if you wanted to make it walk faster, or to add more limbs—for example, to support a load—you would have to start rethinking the system from the ground up.”
Although it may be years before the robots find their way into real-world applications, the scientists believe the techniques used in their development—particularly the use of everyday, off-the-shelf materials—can point the way toward future innovations.
“I don’t see any reason to reinvent wheels,” George Whitesides said. “If you look at drinking straws, they can make them at, effectively, zero cost and with great strength, so why not use them? These are academic prototypes, so they’re very light weight, but it would be fairly easy to imagine building these with a lightweight structural polymer that could hold a substantial weight.”
“What’s really attractive here is the simplicity,” added Nemiroski. “This is something George has been championing for some time, and something I grew to appreciate deeply while I was in his lab. For all the complexity of movement and structural integrity we get out of these robots, they’re remarkably simple in terms of construction and control. Using a single, easy-to-find material and a single concept for an actuator, we could achieve complex, multidimensional motion.”
The Harvard semi-soft robot project is fascinating in its own right—and it eliminates any doubt that even the lowly drinking straw can contribute to computing. When I asked Ubiquity editor-in-chief Peter Denning if he knew of any ways drinking straws have influenced computing, he urged me to think beyond the physical. He said, “Programmers who can’t sip their root beer (a very American soft drink) may not be able to sit still for long, hurting the production of software. Without straws, could we ever program?” | <urn:uuid:bfb71cde-9e35-42c2-ba82-669cc1ff199b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.ubiquity.acm.org/drinking-straw-extraordinary-ordinary-things/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.964193 | 5,364 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Diabetes Diet For Indians
Today’s topic is DIABETES, which is a common Indian disease. Diabetes is a common condition. It is also known as type 1 and type 2. We will share the Diabetes Diet for Indians.
This link will tell you more about diabetes and how it is caused by our environment. Type 1 is due to a decreased insulin production in the pancreas, also known as juvenile diabetes. Type 2 is due to the cells not responding to insulin, also known as adult diabetic. Learn all about insulin…
GESTATIONAL DIABOLIA, which affects most women during pregnancy, is another type of diabetes. It is caused by high blood sugar levels due to hormones secreted during pregnancy. After the birth of the baby, blood sugar levels typically return to normal.
While everyone knows that diabetes is caused by insulin, very few people know how to prevent or treat it. Type 2 diabetes can be caused by obesity, poor eating habits, inactivity, and many other factors. Let me start by telling you that type 2 diabetes can be controlled and prevented with healthy eating habits and a healthy lifestyle. Today’s article will focus on diabetes-friendly foods and health tips.
Controlling diabetes starts with controlling blood sugar levels. This can be done by eating the right food and the right amount. The Glycemic index is a key factor in controlling diabetes. High glycemic foods are those that increase blood sugar quickly, such as white sugar and Maida, or white rice, fruits juices, potato, sweets, and bread. These foods are quickly digested and absorbed into the body, increasing blood sugar. Low glycemic index foods, on the other hand release sugar slowly in the bloodstream and lead to a greater insulin response. These foods include wheat rotis and multigrain breads, ragi (oats), buckwheat and vegetables, as well as dals, whole fruits such as chicken, eggs, whole fruits, and dals.
Diet For Indians” width=”326″ height=”408″ srcset=”https://www.fitnessvsweightloss.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/diabetes-3.jpg 326w, https://www.fitnessvsweightloss.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/diabetes-3-239×300.jpg 239w” sizes=”(max-width: 326px) 100vw, 326px” />
Consuming low-glycemic index foods will improve insulin response and control diabetes. Fiber-rich foods can help control diabetes and lower blood sugar.
Here is a sample diabetic diet.
Early Morning: 1 tsp methi seeds with water .After half an hour breakfast can be consumed which could comprise of ..>Poha/vegetable upma/oats and milk/vegetable oats dosa/methi thepla/vegetable or egg omletteWith the breakfast a glass of milk without or with 1/2 tsp sugar and one whole fruit can be eaten.Lunch:2 ragi rotis (2 parts wheat flour and 1 part ragi flour)+1 small cup dal/dahi/buttermilk +vegetables+saladEvening snackwheat bread vegetable sandwich/sukha bhel with onion tomatoes/veg soup/tea without or with 1/2 tsp sugar anddigestive biscuits/green tea withfruitsDinner: 2 ragi rotis+grilled chicken/grilled fish/dal/paneer/dahi+vegetables+saladBedtime:1 cup warm milk without or with 1/2 tsp sugar
(PS. This is just an example diet. Individual responses may differ so please exercise your discretion.
To control diabetes, it is important to drink lots of water and to exercise regularly.
Diabetes is a lifestyle disease that may or not be related to your genes. But it’s not the end of life! It can be managed by simply being aware of your diet and exercising regularly.
I hope you found this article informative. We are grateful that you read this article. For more information about Indian diabetic diet, please click here.
Live a healthy lifestyle.
Did you know that Diabetes affects the most women in their lives? Did you know that diabetes is the most prevalent lifestyle disorder in India? This Diabetes Diet for Indians can help you to manage this lifestyle problem.
Visit Our Store! | <urn:uuid:5ce600ce-13f7-4f30-9cae-c5da5d2fade9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stayslimandhealthy.com/weight-loss/diabetes-diet-for-indians-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.916082 | 939 | 2.84375 | 3 |
The OIII-CCD Filter is suitable for imaging of OIII nebulas from observation sites with light pollution and from dark sites as well. The contrast between an object glowing at 501nm and the background is increased enormous!
Due to the combination of the narrow bandwidth of 6nm and the high transmission of typically 96% the filter gives you an enormous contrast boost, as all unwanted light from other wavelengths than <xx> is blocked form UV up to the IR. This results in an extremly dark background.
The FWHM of 6nm is matched to give you optimal performance with CCD and CMOS sensors with a very low dark current! The 6nm filter is the best choice if you are observing from a heavily light polluted site or if you are imaging faint objects in starcrowded regions of the milkyway.
Due to the new MFR coating technique you may use one single filter on all instruments up to f/4 without a significant reduction in performance.
Der Astronomik H-alpha filter MUST NOT BE USED for solar observation!
Technical data of the filter:
Guaranteed Transmission of more than 90% at the OIII Line (501 nm)
Typical Transmission of 96% at the OIII Line (501 nm)
Full-Width-Half Maximum (FWHM): 6nm
perfect blocking of unwanted light from UV up to the IR
parfokal with all Astronomik filters
MFR Coating technique: Usable with all optics up to f/4
Thickness of 1mm
Not sensitive to moisture, scratch resistant, not aging
opticaly polished substrate, striae-free and free of residual stresses
High quality storage box
Imaging with Narrowband-Emissionline Filters
If you have to observe from light polluted sites (like most of us...), imaging with Narrowband-Emissionline filters is the best way to take great images, as all kind of light pollution can be blocked very effective! Normaly an H-alpha filter should be your first step into this amazing field of astrophotography! With an Narrowband H-alpha filter you will be able to take deep and contrasty images even wih very heavy light pollution or with the full moon high up in the sky!
If you look at other astrophotos, an H-alpha is the best choice for all nebulas glowing red! An OIII filters expands your imaging possibilities, as you are able to image all greenish/blueish structures. Planetary nebulas and star forming regions are great targets! The SII filters completes your HSO-set of filters. With these three filters you are able to process your images like the ones from the Hubble space telescope!
The h-beta filter is not available in a 6nm version, as this filter has nearly no meaningfull application. To illustrate this, there are two images shown below: Both were taken with a unmodified Canon 650D. Even as the camera has a sensitivity of less than 10% at H-alpha, there is some signal und structure in the h-alpha image, while you cannot see anything on the image taken with an H-beta filter!
Operation of the filter:
The filter blocks all unwanted light from artifical light-pollution, natural airglow and moonlight. Especially light from High- and Low-Pressure Sodium and mercury lights and all lines of natural airglow are 100% blocked. The filter increases the contrast between the sky-background and objects glowing at the OIII line at 501nm.
Tipps and Hints for more applications:
Using the OIII-CCD filter together with H-alpha-CCD and SII-CCD filters you make produce false-color emission line images (HSO) in the same way as the Hubble-Space telescope. This is possible even from heavyly light polluted sites!
The lower priced 12nm filters are the right choice for you, if you own a typical DSLR or a CCD camera with a high dark current! The 12nm filters should be the fist choice for cameras with an integrated guiding sensor, as you will have about twice as much stars compared to the 6nm filter. | <urn:uuid:9af0e108-9345-4170-817e-9ced3cd2254b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.telescopes-direct.com/photographic-astronomik-narrowband-emissionline-filter-oiii-ccd-with-6nm-fwhm-and-mfr-coating.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.918544 | 876 | 1.75 | 2 |
GLENN COUNTY, Calif. (KTXL) — The ongoing drought is not just an issue for highly-populated areas. It’s also hitting rural communities hard.
“I’ve been in the area about 37 years, but on this land, 30 years,” Glenn County resident Joey Franks told FOX40.
Franks lives in the north of the county just outside of Orland. She says she’ll live in the area the rest of her life.
“Because I have my heart invested in this place,” Franks explained.
Her passion for her land can’t help the emptiness far below it.
“Recently, the sprinklers stop sprinkling and so I realized something was up,” Franks said.
Franks is not alone.
Glenn County officials say more than 200 homes that rely on underground water well no longer have water. Most of those residents have no access to water at all.
On Wednesday, they received some help.
“So, we got a water distribution event that’s open to Glenn County residents that are suffering from water insecurities due to the ongoing drought,” said Amy Travis, the department director of Glenn County’s Office of Emergency Services.
Those who needed water picked it up by the caseload at the Orland Fire Department.
“It’s very helpful because you don’t think about how much drinking water you use or how much water you take to work,” said resident Will Brey.
The need for water goes beyond just drinking supply. Without water, showers are no longer possible.
That is why Glenn County is having people go to a Pilot truck stop off of Interstate 5, allowing two showers per week per person.
“In times of need, you find how many people really care,” Franks said.
Franks is one of the fortunate ones. Her sons helped her move in an above-ground water tank that holds 2,500 gallons. The supply will last her just over a month before needing a refill.
Those without an above-ground tank must rely on Mother Nature during the upcoming rainy season for their water needs.
Glenn County officials told FOX40 they will soon start a program that will bring tanks and water to those in the county where wells have run dry. | <urn:uuid:0423bf04-44be-439b-9def-5fdcc7e77d27> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fox40.com/news/local-news/california-drought-leaves-some-glenn-county-residents-without-water/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.951958 | 491 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Tub Supply Lines Buying Guide | Vintage Tub & Bath
TUB SUPPLY LINES BUYING GUIDE
Supply lines are the water pipes that go from the floor rough-in to the claw foot tub faucet. They need to be chosen to fit both the proper faucet configuration and rough-in through your floor. Your supply lines can be cut on site by your plumber. We strongly recommend that your tub and hardware be on site prior to rough-in. If you have any questions or are purchasing tub supply lines for your new or antique tub, you can call us toll free at 877-868-1369877-868-1369to discuss with a customer service representative.
Straight supply lines (also called Deck-mounted supply lines) are used with deck-mounted faucets. Straight supply lines are roughed-in on the same centers as the faucet drillings on the rim of the claw foot tub, most commonly 7”.
You have your choice of supply lines with or without shut off valves. Rough-in will vary depending on which option you choose.
Freestanding supply lines are used when your tub has no faucet drillings. They are made of thicker brass to support the weight of the claw foot tub faucet and are roughed-in according to the centers of the faucet.
Extensions are offered if additional height is needed. | <urn:uuid:71a35c26-8d39-45e2-9f7d-88142bc8df8d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vintagetub.com/tub-supply-lines-buying-guide | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.937697 | 304 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Wednesday, August 27, 2008
THE LAST GRAINS OF SAND
- In a CNN/Opinion Research Poll from last month 70% of respondents said gas prices would be "extremely/very" important in their choice for President. The same poll stated that 73% of respondents backed offshore drilling, and 69% were in favor of drilling in currently protected federal lands.
-Other polls have shown that the majority of Americans believe that more drilling for oil in the US would alleviate the problem of dependency on foreign oil and rising gas prices.
-The US Department of Energy estimates that the amount of recoverable oil available from offshore drilling in the continental US would last only 7 months at the current rate of consumption.
-A D.O.E. report from last year indicates that it would take 2 decades for domestic drilling to have a noticeable impact on domestic production and the impact on overall fuel costs would be insignificant. Recently John McCain himself has admitted that offshore resources would "take years to develop". He is now running on a platform that promotes the idea of vastly increased domestic drilling, which will have little to no effect on overall fuel costs or the long term energy crisis. In addition, his overall stance on viable sources of energy is heavily reliant on our current model of oil production and use, the dire consequences of which have been predicted by such disparate sources as NASA, Al Gore, the United Nations, and the Pope (along with a continually rising number of other organizations and individuals).
-The US only accounts for 5% of the world's population but uses 25% of it's oil. The US is second only to China as the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases. 1 barrel of oil burned adds approximately 1000 pounds of carbon dioxide to the air.
Source: New Yorker Aug 8-11 2008.
Illustrations: A. Turner, Fall 2000.
Posted by Aaron B. Turner at 11:42 PM | <urn:uuid:ceb8d154-fe61-488e-b35a-a62f6bce9d10> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://aaronbturner.blogspot.com/2008/08/last-grains-of-sand.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.959321 | 393 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Roses were constructed using mild steel. Plasma cutting was used to cut the shapes for the rose petals and leaves. 4 1/2″ die grinders were used to smooth edges. The components were joined using GTAW welding process.
Blacksmithing started in the 15000 B.C. We used some techniques similar to that when we heated the rose petals and bent them into a specific form. Blacksmithing has been around for the longest time, producing swords and knives, we used it in a more creative way to make our roses. Flowers are often seen as girly, so we decided to make them girly but also make them more bold, and unique. As female welders in a male-dominated career, we wanted to display our femininity in our project.
Abby wishes she knew more about TIG and had more practice with it before diving in with the roses. She believed that the more practice she had, the better the center of the roses. For Morgan, she wishes that she had gotten better with the machine that bent all of the leaves. She only discovered the best way to bend them when most of the leaves were already done. If these things were done better, the roses would have turned out a little better.
While learning the processes needed to make the roses there were times where it was frustrating and required lots of patience. When the leaves weren’t bending perfectly, patience was key to make sure it all worked out and wasn’t ruined. We became closer friends through this project as we had to spend more time together. We also talked with more of our classmates during the project to better understand how to use certain equipment such as the plasma cutter and the machine used to bend the leaves.
Students and administrators at Butler Tech can submit their projects to us for inclusion on the website. Please only submit projects with appropriate content and that are clearly documented with instructions and outlines, including photos and other references to help readers. | <urn:uuid:39308967-a81e-4f59-a432-1e852db4032b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://showcase.butlertech.org/project/dozen-roses/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.983639 | 400 | 3.28125 | 3 |
The DICT Development Group
3 definitions found
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 :
Winsome \Win"some\, a. [Compar. Winsomer; superl.
Winsomest.] [AS. wynsum, fr. wynn joy; akin to OS. wunnia,
OHG. wunna, wunni, G. wonne, Goth. wunan to rejoice (in
unwunands sad), AS. wunian to dwell. ????. See Win, v. t.,
1. Cheerful; merry; gay; light-hearted.
Misled by ill example, and a winsome nature.
2. Causing joy or pleasure; gladsome; pleasant.
Still plotting how their hungry ear
That winsome voice again might hear. --Emerson.
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) :
adj 1: charming in a childlike or naive way
From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 :
109 Moby Thesaurus words for "winsome":
admirable, adorable, alluring, angelic, appealing, appetizing,
attractive, beaming, beguiling, bewitching, blandishing, blithe,
blithesome, bright, bright and sunny, cajoling, captivating,
caressable, catching, charismatic, charming, cheerful, cheery,
coaxing, come-hither, coquettish, cuddlesome, delightful, dulcet,
elated, enchanting, engaging, enravishing, enthralling, enticing,
entrancing, eupeptic, euphoric, exalted, exciting, exhilarated,
exotic, exquisite, fascinating, fetching, flirtatious, flushed,
genial, glad, gladsome, glamorous, glowing, happy, heart-robbing,
high, hopeful, hypnotic, in good spirits, in high spirits,
interesting, intriguing, inviting, irrepressible, irresistible,
kissable, laughing, likable, lovable, lovely, lovesome, luxurious,
mesmeric, mouth-watering, of good cheer, optimistic, piquant,
pleasant, prepossessing, provocative, provoquant, radiant,
ravishing, riant, rosy, sanguine, sanguineous, seducing, seductive,
sensuous, seraphic, siren, sirenic, smiling, sparkling,
spellbinding, spellful, sunny, sweet, taking, tantalizing, teasing,
tempting, thrilling, tickling, titillating, titillative,
voluptuous, winning, witching
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GLOBAL AUTONOMOUS SHUTTLE MARKET
- The Global Autonomous Shuttle Market could be a key element which will improve the public transportation system thereby reducing private car ownership in the future.
- Huge delivery volume, workforce shortage and rapid growth in the e-commerce industry along with the penetration of internet during the pandemic has created an opportunity for autonomous vehicle services to cope with the delivery demand and to curb the spread of the virus
- The immense growth of the e-commerce industry has led to the opening of various warehouses and distribution centers for delivering goods faster to the consumers. The lack of employee shortage has created a massive logistical challenge but they used small autonomous shuttles as an alternative for moving goods inside a warehouse.
- The autonomous last mile delivery is driven by changing consumer expectations for same-day delivery and increasing trend for contactless delivery solution in the online food delivery sector due to risk of virus exposure
- China will be the market leader for autonomous shuttles with various players involved in the pursuit of L5 autonomous vehicles and various OEMs already set for mass manufacturing
- In Europe, the growth of the autonomous shuttle market will come due to the increase in reliability of the technology, and customer satisfaction. The technology development is also focusing on improving performance for all weather conditions
- The deployment of the L4 (Semi Autonomous) shuttles premiered across China, Europe, and USA. There are various services which claim to be L4 but aren’t deployed as L4 due to various regulatory pushbacks. In USA, only certain states allow driverless vehicles
- The role of Tier-2 Suppliers will be massive in transforming level of autonomy step by step as they are capable on focusing minute details in the autonomous vehicles than compared to major OEMs
- The autonomous shuttle market hasn’t quite developed so far because these types of shuttles don’t exist in many countries. But by 2026, a sizeable portion of the world will have experienced them and maybe there could be a market for thousands of shuttles, globally
- The lack of proper infrastructure, technical obstacles and stringent regulations by various governments has impeded the usage of autonomous delivery services. But the development of technological advancements in the upcoming years will plays a vital role in the adoption of autonomous delivery services
- Deployment of the L4 (Semi Autonomous) shuttle premiered across China, Europe, and the USA. There are various services which claim to be L4 but aren’t deployed as L4 due to various regulatory pushbacks. In USA, only certain states allow driverless vehicles
- Many Automobile OEMs have been exploring the potential role of hardware and its accessories in the Autonomous Vehicle Platform
- In US,the autonomous shuttle market is backed by the top technology giants in the country. The investments are for decreasing the major costs in travel, future licensing and services revenue opportunities, and to set up themselves as a leader in autonomous technology
- MobileEye EyeQ5 is the leading ASIC-based solution to support fully-autonomous (Level 5) vehicles
- Huge delivery volumes, workforce shortage and rapid growth in the e-commerce industry along with the penetration of internet has developed an opportunity for autonomous last-mile services to cope with the delivery demand and to curb the spread of the virus
Autonomous shuttles provide an attractive, flexible solution to move people around industrial campuses, city centres, or suburban neighbourhoods, connecting such areas with main mass transit systems, greatly improving public transportation. Many companies today are involved in the development of a variety of autonomous shuttle platforms.
Optimists predict that by 2030, autonomous vehicles will be sufficiently reliable, affordable, and common to displace most human driving, providing huge savings and benefits. However, there are good reasons to be sceptical. Most optimistic predictions are made by people with financial interests in the industry, based on experience with disruptive technologies such as digital cameras, smart phones, and personal computers.
The impact of autonomous cars on overall vehicle travel and accompanying traffic concerns is a critical planning issue. It has the potential to go either way. They can boost vehicle travel by increasing non-driver vehicle travel, enhancing travel convenience and comfort, lowering vehicle operating costs, creating empty travel, and promoting longer-distance commutes and more spread development.
GLOBAL AUTONOMOUS SHUTTLE MARKET DEVELOPMENTS AND INNOVATIONS
|S No||Overview of Development||Development Detailing||Region of Development||Possible Future Outcomes|
|1||City of Grand Rapids has next stage of autonomous shuttles real read.||May Mobility, along with the city of Grand Rapids, Via and Gentex announced the launch of the next stage in autonomous vehicle services for the city. The expanded service began July 26 as part of phase 2 of the Grand Rapids Autonomous Vehicle Initiative (AVGR) and transitions the prior fixed-route AV service into a flexible system in a new service zone.||USA||This would enhance better EV battery Technologies and Shuttle production|
|2||Cambridge Autonomous Shuttle Trail for better efficient tracking||More than 300 passengers hopped on board the Aurrigo shuttles to take fully autonomous journeys around the University of Cambridge’s West of Cambridge. This was the first time custom-built autonomous vehicles have shared the road with other traffic in the UK whilst carrying passengers.||UK||This would bring up new options of production for Nissan presence as an EV Mobility solution for commercial requirements.|
|3||Olympic Villages Autonomous Shuttles introduction||Olympians competing in Tokyo this summer are riding around the Olympic Village in Toyota’s e-Palette, an autonomous shuttle designed with their specific needs in mind. This was introduced in the most recent Tokyo 2020 Olympics.||Tokyo, Japan||Better Mobility and presence across various nations|
GLOBAL AUTONOMOUS SHUTTLE MARKET DYNAMICS
|1||February 2022||Volkswagen AG||Volkswagen AG partnered with Robert Bosch GmbH in order to develop a common software platform thereby bringing hands-free driving functions to the German carmaker fleet.|
|2||January 2022||Navya||Navya and Valeo partnered to develop a unique safety system for the commercialization of level 4 autonomous vehicles, and for the designing of the future “Autonomous Vehicle Failsafe System (AVFS).|
|3||October 2021||Cummins Inc||Cummins collaborated with autonomous vehicle system providers in order to integrate its powertrains by launching a set of software features for Automated Driving System (ADS) technology.|
|4||August 2021||Xilinx||Xilinx partnered with Motovis to introduce a complete hardware and software solution for vehicle perception and control thereby enhancing the camera innovation.|
|5||July 2021||KPIT Technologies||KPIT Technologies joined the Autonomous vehicle Computing Consortium (AVCC) in order to lead the software technology thereby driving towards an autonomous future.|
Autonomous vehicle implementation is just one of many trends likely to affect future transport demands and impacts, and not necessarily the most important. Their ultimate impacts depend on how autonomous vehicles interact with other trends, such as shifts from private to shared vehicles.
Vehicles last longer, cost more, impose larger external costs, and are more highly regulated than most other consumer goods. As a result, vehicle technologies take longer to penetrate markets than most other sectors. It will probably take decades for autonomous vehicles to dominate new vehicle purchases and fleets, and some motorists may resist using them.
Optimistically, autonomous vehicles will be safe and reliable by 2025, and may be commercially available in many areas by 2030. If they follow the pattern of previous vehicle technologies, during the 2030s and probably the 2040s, they will be expensive and limited in performance, sometimes unable to reach a desired destination or requiring human intervention when they encounter unexpected situations.
Another significant problem is how much potential value can be realised when only a fraction of vehicle trip is autonomous. Some benefits, such as increased mobility for rich nondrivers, may occur while autonomous cars are rare and expensive, but many potential benefits, such as lower congestion and pollution rates, reduced traffic signals and lane widths, need that vehicles operate autonomously.
GLOBAL AUTONOMOUS SHUTTLE MARKET SEGMENTATION
The Global Autonomous Shuttle Market can be segmented into following categories for further analysis.
By Level of Autonomy Type
- Fully Autonomous
- Hybrid Autonomous
- Considerable Partial Autonomous
By Seating capacity
- under 5
- 5 to 10
- More than 10
By Regional Classification
- Asia Pacific Region – APAC
- Middle East and Gulf Region
- Africa Region
- North America Region
- Europe Region
- Latin America and Caribbean Region
GLOBAL AUTONOMOUS SHUTTLE MARKET RECENT ACQUISITION
Optimus Ride, a Boston-based business creating SAE Level 4 autonomous vehicles, has sold its technology, intellectual property, and other assets to Magna International, a Canadian developer of car mobility technologies (AVs).
More than 120 new Optimus Ride employees are joining Magna’s workforce. The business intends to leverage their knowledge to improve its capacity for sophisticated driver assistance systems (ADAS).
Optimus Ride opened its doors after spinning out of MIT. Its objective was to develop electric, communal, and sociable AVs. A low-speed, electric, autonomous shuttle was unveiled as its first prototype.
As a result of the Optimus Ride staff staying in Boston, Magna will establish a Boston-based engineering centre. There will be no longer be an Optimus Ride.
With early MassDOT AV permission, Optimus Ride started testing their vehicles on the streets of Boston. The following year, Union Point in Weymouth, Massachusetts, saw the debut of its first residential community mobility pilot programme.
The business started offering mobility services in New York and Virginia. Optimus Ride reconfigured their fleets to distribute more than 6,000 free meals to those in need in Washington, D.C. in response to the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Department of Energy granted the firm funding to use its autonomous fleets and work with Clemson University, UC Berkeley, and Argonne National Labs on AV research.
RECENT MARKET TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS IN GLOBAL AUTONOMOUS SHUTTLE MARKET
|1||February 2022||Aurrigo||Aurrigo is set to deploy its Auto-Sim software platform in order to create a “digital twin” at the airport to manage autonomous vehicles on the flight line.|
|2||January 2022||Pony.ai||Pony.ai has developed a new ‘complete autonomous computing unit’ which has been built on the Nvidia Drive Orin system-on-chip(SoC).|
|3||January 2022||Toyota||Toyota is set to develop its own automotive software to be included in its vehicle by 2025 thereby operating the vehicles smoothly.|
|4||January 2022||Nuro||Nuro has introduced the Nuro’s third-generation autonomous delivery vehicle with improved design from the previous vehicle and it is ready for production. The top operating speed of this vehicle is 45mph and it is provided with an external airbag from the front of the boot to avoid collision|
|5||November 2021||Nvidia||Nvidia has launched its new AI-powered ‘Omniverse’ platform which includes a virtual driving assistant which can park a standard car and a system to speed up the training of AV|
|6||September 2021||ZF||ZF technology has launched its new supercomputer ZF ProAI along with control units, software, sensors and new mobility concepts for autonomous driving.|
|7||September 2021||Arm||British semiconductor and software design giant Arm has launched new hardware tools for the chip makers and carmakers to develop software-defined automobiles for the future.|
Autonomous Shuttles have been the changing trend in the most recent technological interventions being made into the Autonomous shuttle markets. Technology has been playing a major role in the autonomous requirements of the shuttles. There have been various forms of technologies being brought into existence through continual improvement in the technologies existing within the market.
Leddar Pixell, the most robust LiDAR on the market, offers a comprehensive detection “cocoon,” enabling dependable object and vulnerable road user identification as well as excellent robustness and endurance. This 3D solid-state LiDAR is an excellent choice for autonomous shuttle applications.
Many businesses are now working on the development of various autonomous shuttle systems. The market for LiDARs for autonomous shuttles is still in its early stages, but it is anticipated to grow more than 50% over the next five years. The sensor configuration varies greatly amongst autonomous shuttle platforms and can range from 3 to 12 LiDARs.
There has been evolving technology in driverless autonomous vehicles. To do this, the deep learning machine learning technology is utilised to interact with the vehicle in order for it to learn by example without the presence of a human attendant on board. This includes actions such as recognising a stop sign or distinguishing between a pedestrian and a lamppost. As part of the process, the technology interacts with several next-generation radars, cameras, and lidar sensors. It crunches data from these in real-time for a 360-degree view of the vehicles’ surroundings.
|1||January 2022||Sensible 4||Sensible 4 has conducted a 2-5 month self-driving last-mile service trial for the tramline in Finland. The weather conditions have been really snowy, cold, and challenging, but the vehicles have performed well|
|2||November 2021||Nuro||Nuro has raised $600M in Series D funding, led by Tiger Global Management which will be used to support the development and deployment of autonomous delivery service in communities across the US|
|3||January 2022||May Mobility||Toyota backed, May Mobility has raised its Series C funding of $83M led by Mirai Creation Fund II – a SPARX Group Co., Ltd. managed fund that is renowned for supporting high-growth, high-tech companies and has made 76 investments to date|
|4||December 2021||Apex AI||Apex AI, software developer of autonomous driving, has raised $56.5 million for the development of new autonomous vehicle software.|
|5||November 2021||Easymile||Easymile became the first driverless solution provider in Europe to get authorized for the use of level 4 autonomous vehicles on public road|
Autonomous vehicles (AV) in the form of shared transport services (e.g. car sharing and ridesharing) can form a viable alternative to the personal car. If the user uptake of shared AVs is high, they can have a substantial impact on traffic related to personal mobility in cities. One specific service application of shared AVs is to form a first/last mile connection with a mass public transit hub. In the current paper, we refer to this type of service as an autonomous shuttle service.
Neolix has been one of the most influencing brands amongst the Autonomous Shuttle manufacturing stakeholders in the global scale of operations. Beijing-based start-up Neolix recently closed a $29 million financing round and is using autonomous vehicles to deliver food to households, especially in the areas that were worst affected by the epidemic. The company is primarily based in the capital, but the main production facility is in Changzhou, around 700 miles south of Beijing, with an annual capacity of around 10,000 vehicles.
The Neolix operates a custom-made autonomous shuttle requirements, which is a 2.4 x 2.4 x 2.4-metre shuttles move around using a mix of sensors, including lidar sensors and HD maps, and can go up to 60 miles on a single charge, up 20-degree inclines, and at a peak speed of 31 mph. The shuttles are Level 4 autonomous vehicles, which means they can handle the bulk of driving scenarios on their own, but they still have a cockpit and telecommunications systems.
LeddarTech has been another stakeholder in active recognition throughout the market with a modernisation of prospective technologies being integrated at each step of requirements. LeddarTech is involved in propagating manufacturing of integrated approaches towards LiDAR based Solutions. They rely on a mechanical-scanning LiDAR sensor that is placed on top of the shuttle, which provides long-range detection and 360 degrees of coverage. Flash LiDAR, such as the new Leddar Pixell Cocoon LiDAR, offer considerably better mean-time-between-failures (MTBF) than mechanical scanning LiDAR, as well as 100 percent light density and total coverage of the field of view. | <urn:uuid:c7626cb7-9b87-4741-bc7c-1b2e6ee6bac0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mobilityforesights.com/product/autonomous-shuttle-market/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.932499 | 3,583 | 2.0625 | 2 |
When a person suffers serious or fatal injuries due to the actions of an intoxicated person, the at-fault individual isn’t the only party who may absorb liability for the damages. Georgia is one of 30 states that follow a Dram Shop Liability Law. This law states that if an intoxicated person causes injury or death to another person, the establishment that provided the intoxicated person alcohol may be liable for damages.
It’s important to note that the intoxicated person will still bear the lion’s share of the liability for the damages their actions cause while under the influence, but the statutory provision of Georgia’s Dram Shop Liability guideline provides additional avenues of compensation for injured plaintiffs and their families.
How Does Dram Shop Law Work?
Proprietors and business owners of establishments that serve alcohol must exercise care when serving patrons. It is illegal to sell or serve alcohol to a visibly intoxicated person. It’s important to remember that alcohol affects everyone differently. Two people who consume the same amount of alcohol may appear very different in terms of visible intoxication, but the individuals providing alcohol must keep tabs on the amounts their customers consume.
If an employee knowingly, willingly, and illegally serves alcohol to a visibly intoxicated person, he or she assumes liability if the intoxicated person goes on to injure someone else. It’s vital to note that if the establishment does not serve alcohol, but a patron consumes his or her own alcohol on the premises and goes on to cause injury to someone else, the establishment is not liable for the intoxicated person’s actions.
Georgia’s Dram Shop Law also prohibits the sale of alcohol to minors under the age of 21. While some minors may use fake IDs to secure alcohol, it’s up to business owners and employees of establishments that sell and serve alcohol to ensure patrons have valid photo ID. Assuming that a person is the age he or she claims without verifying his or her ID is not a valid excuse to escape liability for damage the individual later causes.
Social Host Liability
Georgia’s Dram Shop Law also applies to social hosts, or individuals who host parties and social gatherings where alcohol is available. Social hosts are liable for serving alcohol to minors under 21 or to anyone who plans to drive after consuming alcohol. If a social host provides a guest with alcohol and the guest leaves and causes injuries or fatalities, the host would be partially liable for the damages under the Social Host Liability Law. In Georgia, the determining factor is whether or not the host knew the person planned to drive. If the host takes the guest’s car keys and invites the guest to stay until he or she is sober, but the guest leaves anyway, the host is not liable because he or she took appropriate precautions to prevent drunk driving.
Liability and Damages
If a business establishment or social host contributes to someone’s injuries or death by knowingly providing alcohol to a visibly intoxicated person, the business or host will likely face liability in a resulting personal injury lawsuit or wrongful death claim. The plaintiffs in these actions would file lawsuits against the individual who caused the accident as well as the host or establishment that provided the alcohol to the defendants.
Intoxicated persons who cause injuries or fatalities and the establishments that illegally provided these individuals with alcohol can all face liability for a plaintiff’s medical expenses, pain and suffering, lost income, and property damage. Plaintiffs who file lawsuits under Georgia’s Dram Shop Laws will need to secure evidence to support their claims, which often includes statements from witnesses at the establishment during the time the intoxicated person was present, the establishment’s employees, or guests at the social function in question. Camera footage that clearly shows the establishment continuing to serve alcohol to a visibly intoxicated person also comes into play when available.
It’s vital for Georgia business owners to protect themselves from liability and protect other citizens from harm by exercising good judgment in the sale and serving of alcohol to patrons. Once a patron displays signs of intoxication, it’s best to cut him or her off and prevent the individual from driving. | <urn:uuid:3b537b42-c36c-4076-bc75-14d64aaa02fb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kaufmanlawatlanta.com/georgia-dram-shop-liability-guidelines/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.952206 | 832 | 1.945313 | 2 |
About the Community of Antioch California
Antioch (formerly, East Antioch, Smith's Landing, and Marshs Landing) is a city in Contra Costa County, California. Located in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area along the San Joaquin-Sacramento River Delta, it is a suburb of San Francisco and Oakland. The city's population was 102,372 at the U.S. 2010 census.
Antioch is one of the oldest towns in California, having been founded in 1850. The year following the discovery of gold, there was a plague that over-took the city and wiped out most of the population.
The town was founded by two brothers, William and Joseph Smith, who named the town Smith’s Landing. In 1851, the town's new minister persuaded the residents to change the name of the town to Antioch, for the Biblical city of Antioch, Turkey.
Around 1859, coal was discovered in several places in the hills south of Antioch and coal mining formed the first substantial business apart from farming and dairying by the inhabitants of this community. This new industry resulted in the founding of the towns of Nortonville, Somersville, Stewartsville, and Black Diamond (now Pittsburg, California), and added greatly to the economic activity of the Antioch area. The Empire Coal Company was formed by John C. Rouse and George Hawxhurst in 1876, which built a railroad that passed from Antioch toward the mines over what is now "F Street" (formerly Kimball Street). However, later on, both the mine and the railroad passed into the hands of the Belshaw brothers. The mines have long ago ceased operation, and the railroad tracks have been dug up, though the building that served as the Antioch terminus of the railroad still stands on the corner of F Street and Fourth Street, and the grading and trestles still remain much as they were in those early days.
In 1863, a great excitement arose over the discovery of copper ore near Antioch. Smelting works were built at Antioch, and a value of fifteen to twenty-five dollars per ton was paid for the ore, according to its quality. Unfortunately the copper bubble eventually burst, to the dismay of the citizens with connections. Petroleum was first drilled for near Antioch in 1865, but not enough oil was found to make a decent profit.
The Antioch Post Office was opened in 1851, closed in 1852, re-opened in 1855, closed again in 1862, and it has operated continuously since re-opening in 1863. The city of Antioch was incorporated in 1872.
The Antioch Ledger was first issued on March 10, 1870, and in all its forty-seven years never missed an issue. In memory of when the paper was formed, a copy of its first issue has been framed and hangs over the desk of the present editor. It is five by eight inches in size, printed on one side only, and its sole news item is a report and editorial comment on women's suffrage meeting that had just been held in the town. The Ledger later merged with the Contra Costa Times and printed its last issue in 2005.
During the mid 1950's the Fibreboard Research patented a method of applying wax coatings to cardboard containers that spawned the first milk, juice and ice cream containers hence making Antioch "the home of the milk carton".
Today, Antioch is mainly a "bedroom" community, with most adults working in larger cities toward Oakland and San Francisco. The town has seen an enormous amount of growth in the last 30 years, as the population of the Bay Area continues to grow, and real estate prices force families to move towards the outskirts of the Bay Area.
In late 2009, Antioch received worldwide media attention following the news of kidnap victim Jaycee Lee Dugard being discovered alive there, and became the focus of several news stories regarding its 122 registered sex offenders. The LA Times ran a story titled "Sex offenders move to Antioch area 'because they can'", The Independent ran a story titled "How Jessica's Law turned Antioch into a phedophile ghetto", and CNN's Anderson Cooper and Larry King both did similar stories for television; the latter with commentary by TV judge Judy Sheindlin. However, the Contra Costa Times and affiliated newspapers contradicted their claim: "Disturbing, if true. Only it's not, according to a Bay Area News Group analysis of sex offender addresses and census data." The report concluded that the 94509 zip code ranked only 39th in the state with 1.5 sex offenders per 1000 (k), with Oakland, San Francisco, San Jose, Bethel Island and Vallejo ZIP codes ranked in the top ten. Monte Rio ranked first with 4.5 per 1000.
Antioch is located at 38°00?18?N 121°48?21?W, along the San Joaquin River at the western end of the San Joaquin-Sacramento River Delta.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 29.1 square miles (75 km2), of which, 28.3 square miles (73 km2) of it is land and 0.7 square miles (1.8 km2) of it (2.52%) is water.
The 2010 United States Census reported that Antioch had a population of 102,372. The population density was 3,520.0 people per square mile (1,359.1/km²). The racial makeup of Antioch was 50,083 (48.9%) White, 17,667 (17.3%) African American, 887 (0.9%) Native American, 10,709 (10.5%) Asian (5.7% Filipino, 1.4% Chinese, 0.9% Indian, 0.7% Vietnamese, 0.2% Korean, 0.2% Japanese, 0.1% Laotian, 0.1% Pakistani, 0.1% Cambodian), 817 (0.8%) Pacific Islander, 14,310 (14.0%) from other races, and 7,899 (7.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 32,436 persons (31.7%); 22.6% of Antioch is Mexican, 2.2% Salvadoran, 1.2% Nicaraguan, 1.2% Puerto Rican, 0.7% Peruvian, 0.4% Guatemalan, and 0.2% Cuban.
The Census reported that 101,708 people (99.4% of the population) lived in households, 404 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 260 (0.3%) were institutionalized.
There were 32,252 households, out of which 14,664 (45.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 17,010 (52.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 5,718 (17.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,295 (7.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,384 (7.4%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 306 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 5,296 households (16.4%) were made up of individuals and 1,781 (5.5%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.15. There were 25,023 families (77.6% of all households); the average family size was 3.52.
The population was spread out with 28,807 people (28.1%) under the age of 18, 10,593 people (10.3%) aged 18 to 24, 27,459 people (26.8%) aged 25 to 44, 26,515 people (25.9%) aged 45 to 64, and 8,998 people (8.8%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.8 years. For every 100 females there were 94.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.7 males.
There were 34,849 housing units at an average density of 1,198.3 per square mile (462.7/km²), of which 20,751 (64.3%) were owner-occupied, and 11,501 (35.7%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.7%; the rental vacancy rate was 8.2%. 64,284 people (62.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 37,424 people (36.6%) lived in rental housing units. | <urn:uuid:b6a1ab03-2ad7-4a65-a31b-c72a163a8897> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rickfullerinc.com/real-estate-agent-in-antioch-ca/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.97793 | 1,818 | 2.5625 | 3 |
|Many undocumented LGBT immigrants are denouncing President Barack Obama’s new immigration plan — which sparked controversy across the board — for excluding them, even though they are happy to see their family members and friends freed from the ever-present fear of deportation.
Last week, the president announced he would grant short-term working rights and deferred action to parents of both U.S. citizens and legal permanent residents who have been in the country for at least five years. However, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender immigrants claim the new plan fails to equally value their family dynamics and relationships.
Due to marriage and adoption laws, it is less likely for undocumented LGBT immigrants to have children that are U.S. citizens, though they may have nieces, nephews, and other relatives that are U.S. citizens.
Advocates argue that LGBT immigrants have a strong need for deportation relief, as the often face discrimination and violence due to homophobia in their home countries, as well as a higher risk of victimization in U.S. detention facilities.
“Although the EO purports to prioritize deportation of ‘felons and not families,’ the discrepancies in treatment of immediate family of LGBT persons under the law makes relief for LGBT families out of reach in many cases,” said Susan Cho Figenshau, immigration attorney with more than 20 years of experience.
A coalition of LGBT and civil rights organizations urged the president last week to make length of United States residency an alternative criterion for deportation relief, in addition to parenthood. According to legal experts, if he chose to do so, Obama had the ability to extend deferred action to to LGBT immigrants.
For example, Chicago resident Alejandro, who refused to use his last name out of fear for his safety and job, is one of nearly 267,000 undocumented immigrants living in the United States who identify as LGBT. Though he came to the United States almost 15 years ago, he is not eligible for deferred action under Obama’s new plan because he doesn’t have children. In an interview with the Huffington Post, he expressed his happiness that so many immigrants would be helped, however, he was “very disappointed” that so many LGBT immigrants aren’t covered, especially given that Obama has “said he is friendly with the LGBT community.”
“Another significant need in immigration policy is help for USA employers and foreign-born professionals who have been working LEGALLY inside the USA. Many of these employers and professionals wait for permanent residency for foreign-born persons for more than 10 years – often spending tens of thousands of dollars,” explains Figenshau. “What the EO covers relative to LEGAL immigrants is very little given the large contributions these foreign-born professionals and their employers give our country in terms of jobs, productivity, tax contributions, and stability.” | <urn:uuid:92373c46-794a-4591-bb68-5b50b8e79ba8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://killertestimonials.com/lgbt-immigrants-decry-obamas-new-immigration-plan-hes-not-in-support-of-us/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.972807 | 593 | 2.140625 | 2 |
California vows to fight for its 'Dreamers'
- September 6, 2017
- Louis DeSipio, Chicano/Latino studies and political science, via Daily Mail and Yahoo! Sept. 6, 2017
Louis DeSipio, professor of political science at UC Irvine, notes that the state of
California has made a "considerable investment" in educating many of these young people.
"If they can't work up to the levels that their skills dictate, this investment is
not going to pay off as well as it has in the past," he argued.
For the full story, please visit http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/afp/article-4860330/California-vows-fight-Dreamers.html.
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- Orange County voters head to polls with plenty of choices | <urn:uuid:377bc285-03b8-47b2-9874-6f88b8e76374> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.socsci.uci.edu/newsevents/news/2017/2017-09-06-desipio-dailymail.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.93751 | 244 | 1.585938 | 2 |
In September 2012, Mr. Richardson launched the State’s Attorney’s Office first ever diversion program. The program is primarily available to first time offenders of non-violent, misdemeanor offenses. The purpose of the program is to provide an avenue for first time offenders to obtain counseling/training through the program courses available. The main goal is to rehabilitate the offender so that he or she will not return to the criminal justice system. This program also assists in reducing costs and resources associated with a court trial for these offenses, allowing the State’s Attorney and the Courts to use those expenses and resources for more serious matters. The diversion program is used by the State’s Attorney and his staff in a number of different ways. Some cases are handled directly through the diversion program and allow the offender to avoid the criminal justice system altogether and other cases involve the diversion program as a requirement in a plea agreement with the defendant.
The State’s Attorney’s Office offers multiple courses within its diversion program that include traffic safety, anger management, substance abuse, shoplifting and underage drinking. | <urn:uuid:59456063-87ae-44d0-87d9-9ca0aa5a13cb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://qacstatesattorney.com/programs-services/diversion-program/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.936851 | 222 | 1.726563 | 2 |
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A comparative analysis of the future cost of electricity generation in OECD and non-OECD countries
journal contributionposted on 06.12.2017, 00:00 authored by Jason WestJason West
This analysis outlines the relative production costs of alternative electricity generation in developed and developing countries. Coal, gas, nuclear, hydro, and wind remain competitive over the long term for OECD countries with the inclusion of a price on carbon dioxide emissions. Non-OECD countries will continue to develop fossil fuel generation technologies in the absence of an emissions price. | <urn:uuid:b378f516-cf73-4850-8f5d-8a7d10908241> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://acquire.cqu.edu.au/articles/journal_contribution/A_comparative_analysis_of_the_future_cost_of_electricity_generation_in_OECD_and_non-OECD_countries/13410806/1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.835469 | 115 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Ottawa (AFP) - There was Tiny Tim, and then the Little Drummer Boy -- but they had nothing on the microscopic gingerbread house believed to be the smallest in the world and unveiled Wednesday by a Canadian researcher.
About half the size of one made in France last year, it was cut and etched from silicon, complete with sharply defined bricks and trim, and a Canadian flag for a welcome mat.
McMaster University researcher Travis Casagrande said he used a beam of charged gallium ions that acted like a sandblaster.
Images provided by the Hamilton, Ontario school's Canadian Centre for Electron Microscopy showed the house sitting atop a cap on the head of tiny winking snowman made from materials used in lithium-ion battery research.
The pair of decorations stacked one on top of the other are barely taller than the diameter of a human hair.
"While the spirit of the new decorations is festive, the intention of the project," said Casagrande, "is to demonstrate the capabilities of the centre" and "stir scientific curiosity among the public."
The centre's suite of 10 electron microscopes and other equipment are used mostly for materials research.
Unlike a traditional desktop microscope that focuses light through optical lenses, an electron microscope uses an electron beam and electromagnetic lenses, allowing for far greater magnification. | <urn:uuid:715e31a8-1049-4e36-99e9-51f6e52f4b5c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.yahoo.com/canadian-researcher-microscopic-christmas-215415467.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.92083 | 273 | 2.734375 | 3 |
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Texts and Revels in Twelfth Night
Jonas Barish Mixed Verse and Prose in Shakespearean Comedy
Shakespeare Psychoanalysis History
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action appears audience authority become begins body called character claim comedy comic common course court critical cultural death describes desire early effect Elizabeth Elizabethan England English essay example experience expression fact Falstaff father figure final follow force give Hamlet hand Henry human imagination Irish James John kind King language less lines live London Lord male marriage means Measure mind misogyny nature never offers once Othello peare performance perhaps play play's political present Press provides Queen question reference relation Renaissance represented response rhetoric Richard role scene seems sense sexual Shakes Shakespeare social Sonnets speak speech stage story suggests things thou thought tion tragedy true turn University Venus woman women writing York | <urn:uuid:a25d9e1a-624a-46a6-a567-edcaaef30790> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://books.google.com.au/books?id=cPNceHgWHx4C&source=gbs_book_other_versions_r&cad=2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.872468 | 188 | 1.609375 | 2 |
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No2010 Victoria Statement on Torch Relay Disruption
Anti-Olympic Festival and March disrupt Torch Relay send-off in Victoria
no2010.com, 3 Nov 09, 0859
No2010 Victoria calls event "a victory for rights and justice"
Victoria, Coast Salish Territories, November 1, 2009 - Over 400 people gathered to oppose the 2010 Olympic Torch Relay in Victoria on Friday, October 30th at an "Anti-Olympics Festival" and "Zombie March" organized by No2010 Victoria. The march succeeded in disrupting the relay, and security personnel were forced to extinguish the torch, load it in a van, andreroute it in order to reach the Legislature.
"Our events were a victory for rights and justice," said No2010 spokesperson Zoe Blunt. "We took a strong strand on respecting
indigenous rights to land, defending civil rights, and ending poverty, and people across the country are thanking us for our dedication."
The day of action against Torch Relay celebrations began with a "Five Ring Circus" featuring speakers, performance art, puppets and satirical competitions such as the "Binners' Olympics," the "Tour de Misplaced Finance" and "Queer Wrestling."
"It was a lot of fun!" said Bitey the Bed Bug, one of the anti-Olympics mascots.
Later in the afternoon, a "Zombie March" replete with stilt walkers, a marching band and a giant "Ghost Salmon" puppet wove through city streets and blocked a major intersection outside an RBC bank for over 30 minutes. RBC is one of the Vancouver Winter Olympics' most important sponsors and a major investor in the tar sands, the most environmentally destructive project in Canada.
"We wanted to expose the empty rhetoric of a Green Games," said No2010 organizer Kim Croswell. "Parading a giant Ghost Salmon was our way of pointing out how wrong-headed government priorities are in the midst of global warming and the collapse of salmon runs on the West Coast."
Continuing along the relay route, hundreds of marchers braving rain and cold weather cheered loudly when it was announced that the Torch had been diverted in order avoid the procession ....
Native Youth Movement: Send the Olympic Torch Back to Europe!
International Native Youth Movement (NYM) Statement
A call to Indigenous People and Supporters
Send Olympic Torch back to Europe!
no2010.com, 3 Nov 09, 0915
Confront Invasion: Protest 2010 Olympic Torch Relay
106 Days of Action!
"We have this in common. We have a common oppressor, a common exploiter and a common discriminator. But once we realize that we have a common enemy, then we can unite--on the basis of that we have in common... "- Malcolm X, 1954
Indigenous Sisters band Brothers of the North, what the invaders call KKKanada, for the next 106 days the Olympic Torch will run our Great Lands. The Olympic torch, a flamed staff that represents white supremacy, is
running through Indigenous Nations and Territories, symbolizing their theft and dominance of our Lands and Ways. For 106 days every Indigenous Nation in these Lands has the opportunity to talk to the world about your issues and show Unity between all Nations here who have a common oppressor, and common Invader, KKKlanada (“Canada”). Let us Unite voices and show the World we are a Proud and Independent People who will never Surrender our Lands.
Not only is the Torch running our Lands, they are also going to get Native people to participate in their evil ceremonies, KKKanada wants the world to think Native people are compliant and even eager to be assimilated into the white way of life.
We call on all Native Nations of the North to show the World we are Strong and Dignified People, the Survivors of a 500-year old Holocaust that has taken 250 million Indigenous lives, whose Lands are illegally occupied and destroyed, who are a People who will never accept defeat....
Victory in Victoria! Torch Relay Disrupted as it Starts in Victoria
no2010.com, 1 Nov 09, 1011
The 2010 Olympic Torch Relay sparked controversy after its official lighting in Greece on October 22, 2009, when it was revealed that one of the runners in a seven day relay around the country was disgraced Olympian Fani Halkia. Ms. Halkia was disqualified during the 2004 Greece Olympics after winning gold in the 400 meter hurdles, only to later test positive for steroids. She had been banned by the IOC for two years. IOC, Vanoc and Greece officials brushed off the controversy, but Vancouver mayor Gregor Robertson called it a 'disappointment' for the broader 'Olympic movement.'
The official Canadian 2010 Olympic Torch Relay also got off to a rough start on Friday, October 30, 2009, arriving 90 minutes late at Victoria International Airport due to bad weather. After it was flown in onboard a Canadian military Polaris jumbo jet, it was transferred to local Indian Act band chiefs. The flame, still carried in a miner's lantern which was lit in Greece (very symbolic considering BC's multi-billion dollar mining industry), was then paddled in a band council canoe into Victoria's inner harbour. From here it was used to light a cauldron and one of the 12,000 official torches made by Bombardier (shaped like a giant marijuana joint; Bombardier is the second largest military manufacturer in Canada). The torch was then ran around the city for the rest of the day by celebrity athletes, corporate employees, and citizens specially selected to run one leg of the relay.
Meanwhile, some 150-200 people gathered at Spirit Square (formerly Centennial Square) at 2 pm for the Anti-Olympic Festival of Resistance. This event was organized by No2010 Victoria, a coalition of grassroots community groups in the city. The festival featured speakers, singers, performers, puppets, banners, a marching band, and many in costume. Speakers represented groups from local Native tribes, university students, anti-poverty & homeless rights advocates, needle exchange workers, seniors groups, environmentalists, and others ....
More on links | <urn:uuid:a896bf7e-39df-492e-81c1-ec6e86a4f059> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://army.ca/forums/threads/2010-olympics-watch-november-2009.90214/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.948872 | 1,352 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Although it seems rather quick to set up gardening and pest control, there are a lot of factors that you should take into consideration 1st. In truth, numerous of the points that you are going to read about here are not discussed normally. Prior to you start off your garden pest handle, take into account this…
Gardening and pest handle is at least as old as agriculture. It is an sector that is growing rapidly. The pest handle company has grown much more than 50 % in the final five years or so, and nationwide it has grow to be a $7 billion sector.
With far more homes being built in rural places the difficulty of pest control has turn into extra urgent.
What is Gardening and Pest Manage?
It is fundamentally the reduction or eradication of pests. Whereas structural pest manage is the control of household pests and wood-destroying pests and organisms or such other pests which might invade households or structures, gardening and pest control tends to be the handle of pests that are affecting your plants, lawn and/or soil. That can sometimes spill more than into the residence as nicely, but by and large, it’s the garden we’re talking about here.
In order to safeguard our developing locations as well as our well being, appropriate gardening and pest control is a necessity. It is generally ignored till pests and their damage are discovered or it has got out of hand. Nicely there are measures you can take to aid eradicate the challenge.
How Do We Control Pests in the Garden?
Lots of individuals see gardening and pest manage as a do-it-yourself job. Effectively that is fair enough – up to a point. Gardening pest handle is like going to the medical professional: to prescribe helpful treatment your physician should correctly diagnose the issue and ascertain the extent of the injury as well as the potential for additional injury. In surveys, it’s been found that many householders don’t bother to read the instructions very carefully or really feel the will need to differ the directions ‘because they feel they know better’.
That leads to over-concentrated doses of insecticide for example which could be hazardous to your health and any visitors. Of course we are specifically referring to chemical substances, as chemical pest control is nonetheless the predominant form currently. Nonetheless, that stated, the lengthy-term effects of chemical substances has led to a renewed interest in standard and biological pest manage towards the finish of the 20th century.
For those who do not do DIY gardening and pest handle, there is the solution of month-to-month visits from your regional organization. One particular advantage is that a person really should be seeking at your residence and garden for pest troubles regularly. 1 disadvantage is that home owners insist that PCOs apply a chemical therapy monthly no matter whether there is a pest trouble or not!
The information of pesticide use in the property and garden are pretty surprising:
– Each and every year 67 million pounds of pesticides are applied to lawns.
– Suburban lawns and gardens get far heavier pesticide applications per acre than most agricultural areas.
Feel just before you spray a pesticide. You could kill the insects that are helping you preserve pests in verify. This signifies you will have to spray far more in the future. Also, insects benefit your garden by pollinating your plants, assisting them develop and propagate. Don’t use persistent, broad-spectrum, contact insecticides like diazinon, malathion and carbaryl. These give only temporary pest handle and are likely to kill more of the all-natural enemies than the pests. When their enemies are gone, pest populations may well soar and grow to be extra of a issue than ahead of they have been sprayed.
Orlando Termite Treatment don’t comprehend how potentially harmful they can be:
– Pesticides are simply tracked indoors — an EPA study identified 23 pesticides in dust and air inside homes.
– Lawn chemical compounds can harm pets. Dog owners who use the herbicide 2,four,-D 4 or far more occasions per season, double their dog’s danger of developing lymphoma.
It really is an eye-opening shock is not it? Can we truly, seriously not be without these procedures of pest control?
Gardening and Organic Pest Manage
We believe the logical strategy to gardening and pest handle is to produce a balance of organisms in your yard or garden. Natural pest control is much less high-priced than getting and applying pesticides, and it’s safer for your garden, organic wildlife and the environment. | <urn:uuid:5ce12550-f3e6-446a-8062-c5eec0b50ea5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.diamondhcattleco.com/gardening-and-pest-handle-exposed/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.946934 | 943 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Zélus: a synchronous language with ODEs. Zélus is a new programming language for modeling systems that mix discrete logical time and continuous time behaviors. From a user’s perspective, its main originality is to extend an existing Lustre-like synchronous language with Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). The extension is conservative: any synchronous program expressed as data-flow equations and hierarchical automata can be composed arbitrarily with ODEs in the same source code. A dedicated type system and causality analysis ensure that all discrete changes are aligned with zero-crossing events so that no side effects or discontinuities occur during integration. Programs are statically scheduled and translated into sequential code that, by construction, runs in bounded time and space. Compilation is effected by source-to-source translation into a small synchronous subset which is processed by a standard synchronous compiler architecture. The resultant code is paired with an off-the-shelf numeric solver. We show that it is possible to build a modeler for explicit hybrid systems à la Simulink/Stateflow on top of an existing synchronous language, using it both as a semantic basis and as a target for code generation.
Keywords for this software
References in zbMATH (referenced in 4 articles , 1 standard article )
Showing results 1 to 4 of 4.
- Xu, Xiong; Wang, Shuling; Zhan, Bohua; Jin, Xiangyu; Talpin, Jean-Pierre; Zhan, Naijun: Unified graphical co-modeling, analysis and verification of cyber-physical systems by combining AADL and simulink/stateflow (2022)
- Benveniste, Albert; Bourke, Timothy; Caillaud, Benoit; Pagano, Bruno; Pouzet, Marc: A type-based analysis of causality loops in hybrid systems modelers (2017)
- Benveniste, Albert; Bourke, Timothy; Caillaud, Benoit; Pagano, Bruno; Pouzet, Marc: A type-based analysis of causality loops in hybrid systems modelers (2014)
- Bourke, Timothy; Pouzet, Marc: Zélus: a synchronous language with ODEs (2013) | <urn:uuid:a139584c-7702-49b5-9284-ff1c218dd7a0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.swmath.org/software/20166 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.861631 | 483 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Physical activity and core depressive symptoms in the older Irish adult population.
Research indicates that the prevalence of depression is increasing and that by 2020 depression will become the second leading cause of disease worldwide, as measured by disability adjusted life years. Interventions which involve physical activity have shown that becoming active, even at a moderate level; can be effective in treating depression. In addition, physically active individuals are less likely to develop depressive symptoms than those who are not active, making physical activity an important strategy in the prevention of ill health.
The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between physicalactivity levels and core depressive symptoms in Irish adults aged 50 years or more. The study used data from the Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition (SLÁN) 2007, a national survey of individuals living in the Republic of Ireland (n=4,255 adults aged 50 years or older) and The Northern Ireland Health and Social Wellbeing Survey (NIHSWS), 2005-2006, a survey of individuals living in Northern Ireland (n=1,904 adults aged 50 years or older).
Measures of depressed mood and anhedonia (two core depressive symptoms according to diagnostic criteria (DSM IV)) were derived using items from the surveys. Physical activity patterns were categorised using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short Form (Craig et al. 2003). Demographic factors (age, gender and social class), smoking status and health service use were also considered.
Just over 5% (5.4%) of SLÁN 2007 participants and 11.1% of NIHSWS 2005-2006 participants had experienced both depressed mood and anhedonia in the recent past. In the overall sample this was 7.2% of participants. Overall 45% of participants reported being moderately physically active but 36.6% of participants reported activity at low levels (SLÁN 2007: 35.6%; NIHSWS 2005-2006: 38.8%). For the overall sample, depressive symptoms were negatively associated with being male, being older and high levels of physical activity. Depressive symptoms were significantly and positively associated with being separated/divorced or widowed, and social classes 3-6. Overall, people over 50 years who were engaged in moderate to high levels of physical activity had a 50-56% reduction in the odds of having elevated depressive symptoms.
Consistent with other research findings, this study suggests that physical activity levels are strongly associated with depressive symptoms. Increasing levels of physical activity among adults over 50 years has the potential to improve mental health. | <urn:uuid:5f7c9018-ee72-4f60-ab00-5d78733011d5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://repository.rcsi.com/articles/report/Physical_activity_and_core_depressive_symptoms_in_the_older_Irish_adult_population_/10770443/1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.950648 | 523 | 2.625 | 3 |
London – Drinking too much in middle age can lead to memory loss in later life, a study has found.
Scientists questioned 6 542 American middle-adults about their past alcohol consumption and assessed their mental abilities over a period of eight years.
They found that a history of problem drinking more than doubled the risk of developing severe memory impairment.
Lead researcher Dr Iain Lang, from the University of Exeter Medical School, said: “We already know there is an association between dementia risk and levels of current alcohol consumption – that understanding is based on asking older people how much they drink and then observing whether they develop problems.
“But this is only one part of the puzzle and we know little about the consequences of alcohol consumption earlier in life.
“What we did here is investigate the relatively unknown association between having a drinking problem at any point in life and experiencing problems with memory later in life.”
He added: “This finding – that middle-aged people with a history of problem drinking more than double their chances of memory impairment when they are older – suggests… that this is a public health issue that needs to be addressed.’“
Participants were asked four specific questions: had they ever felt they should cut down on their drinking, had people annoyed them by criticising their drinking, had they ever felt bad or guilty about their drinking, and had they ever had a drink first thing in the morning to steady nerves or get rid of a hangover.
The findings appear in the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.
Dr Doug Brown, director of research and development at the Alzheimer’s Society charity, said: “When we talk about drinking too much, the media often focuses on young people ending up in A&E after a night out.
“However, there’s also a hidden cost of alcohol abuse given the mounting evidence that alcohol abuse can also impact on cognition later in life.
“This small study shows that people who admitted to alcohol abuse at some point in their lives were twice as likely to have severe memory problems, and as the research relied on self-reporting that number may be even higher.
“This isn’t to say that people need to abstain from alcohol altogether. As well as eating a healthy diet, not smoking and maintaining a healthy weight, the odd glass of red wine could even help reduce your risk of developing dementia.”
Dr Eric Karran, science director at Alzheimer’s Research UK, said: “One strength of this study is its long time period: as dementia develops slowly over a number of years it’s crucial to understand what factors could affect our risk of the condition earlier in life.
“Although studies such as this one can be very useful for observing health trends, it’s important to note that they are not able to show cause and effect, and it’s not clear whether other factors may also have influenced these results.
Source: [Daily Mail] | <urn:uuid:1b809ca0-4eda-4f20-bb76-f2bee3e3ff71> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://money101.co.za/drinking-can-lead-memory-loss-later-life/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.977774 | 619 | 2.625 | 3 |
By the end of the Second World War, armoured warfare had seen quantum advances in mobility and lethality compared with the early tanks developed for the First World War. However, the 'electronics' on these tanks were limited to batteries and the crackly radios that they powered. Since then, technical advances have dramatically improved soldiers' security, making them and their vehicles incredibly safe. But with stringent military standards to adhere to, developing reliable electronic systems for military vehicles is still a huge challenge.
Ultra Electronics works hard to offset these difficulties. With decades of experience behind it, the company has built a formidable reputation for developing military electronic systems. This process begins with testing its electronic architecture, explains Tony White, a chief technology officer at Ultra Electronics. "We have invested - and continue to invest - in the very latest test facilities," he says. "This allows us to run our design concepts through a range of environments before they even hit the vehicles."
In particular, Ultra Electronics puts its products through 'highly accelerated life testing' (HALT). "We put our products into a specialised test chamber," White explains. "We exercise [the product] as if it were used for years. We test it early, which allows us to identify weaknesses in the design. Using HALT allows us to make our products even more robust." This rigorous approach is worthwhile. After all, Ultra's rugged computers are sealed against water or dust, can withstand Category 1 vibrations, and are able to cope with storage temperatures as high as 70°C.
Ultra's power management systems are also tested carefully, with computer modelling and simulation key parts of the process. "We've invested heavily in test equipment that allows us to create the environment you'd have in a vehicle, without actually being in the vehicle," White says. "That allows us to fully test a power system with simulated loads. We don't have the cannon, but we have the means to simulate what the cannon behaves like."
White and his colleagues also ensure their power management systems comply with UK and international military standards. Though White concedes that "there are subtle differences between the two", he is confident that "Ultra can create products that meet both of those standards. We know [both] standards and their nuances intimately."
Just as well: the operational benefits of power management systems are immense. To make his point, White borrows from Star Trek. "Captain Kirk would dial down to the engine room and ask Scotty to give him all the power to the forward shields," he says. "Then, he would ask Scotty to move all the power to the warp drive [and escape]. Our power management system does that for the vehicle commander. It allows us to put power where the commander needs it. We prioritise where the power goes for the mission, something we call 'intelligent power management'."
Other Ultra systems are just as useful. By providing tank crews with a range of cameras and sensors, Ultra helps them understand their surroundings. "We provide multiple displays," White says. "This feature means the whole crew gets complete situational awareness." Naturally, all this is done at low latency, as delays mean tanks risk "crashing into trees", he says with a smile.
Thinking about these practicalities is typical of Ultra. Unlike its competitors, the company works closely with clients until they're happy with the results. "We don't approach a customer thinking we know everything," White emphasises. "It's a joint thing." Vigorously sticking to a client's specifications is important, too. "If they ask us to achieve the full specification, that's what we'll deliver for them," he adds. "Some of our competitors don't tell clients that they're going to derate, which means [their systems] are not fully compliant."
Coordinating with clients is also a part of Ultra Electronics' future plans. "For the past ten years, we've been working with the Ministry of Defence on an intiative called 'Land Open Systems Architecture' (LOSA)," White says. "All our electronic architecture systems comply with LOSA principles. This has led us to develop wearable electronics for soldiers. We're also developing fixed-base infrastructure electronics for operating bases, giving us the ability to look at vehicles, bases and soldiers altogether." Quite a challenge, but if history is anything to go by, Ultra Electronics is up to the task. | <urn:uuid:6ed08e15-98a6-4c95-afef-217b3f925da0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.defence-and-security.com/contractors/electronics-subsystems-and-components/ultra-electronics-2017/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.973472 | 892 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Need a quick way to synchronize your browser bookmarks or favorites across browsers? You may already know that several browser-based tools synchronize your bookmarks. But the ability to make a copy of your browser favorites is often limited to a type of browser. Let’s review some synchronization options and learn about one solution that works across various browsers. It can be a lifesaver when transitioning from one browser to another (e.g. Chrome to Firefox).
The Bookmarking Problem
While many take advantage of social bookmarking tools like Diigo, others do not. For example, a colleague of mine kept all her bookmarks in Internet Explorer. She clung to that browser longer than she needed to. The reason why? She didn’t want to lose her bookmarks. It’s understandable because it’s easy to lose your bookmarks!
Many of us switch browsers, often as we move from one computer to another. Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox synchronize our bookmarks, thank goodness. But what happens when you deviate from security-poor browsers to more secure ones? You lose access to your bookmarks.
One scenario I find myself in often is relying on new browsers that maximize privacy. Some browsers, like Microsoft Chrome and Microsoft Edge, often fall short. Privacy Tests revealed study results that show how less-than-private your browser use is.
If you’re working on a different computer between home and work, you want to be able to bring in your home browser’s bookmarks to work and vice versa. I like to synchronize all my “work” bookmarks to a home browser so I can access links I update all day at work. If the browser I use at work differs from my Chromebook at home, then favorite bookmarks may not appear.
Bookmarking Solutions Abound
A quick solution to the problem? Use either Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox in a consistent manner. Google Chrome offers synchronization of bookmarks, as does Mozilla Firefox. For the most part, synchronization even works with Chromium or Firefox derivative browsers.
Here’s what sync settings look like across browsers:
In Microsoft Edge, a Chromium browser like Google Chrome:
In Librewolf, a Firefox browser derivative with a high privacy rating:
If jumping from one browser to another, you may find the export/import bookmarks options of use. That said, it’s an inelegant solution. Your version of bookmarks becomes obsolete once you add or remove a bookmark on a browser.
This brings us back to the question, How do you sync your bookmarks across browsers and devices? As I said before, there are many solutions available. I’m going to focus on one so you can see how it works. That said, I would be remiss in not pointing out other solutions, and you can find a list at the end of this article.
Skip browser synchronization options on Google or Firefox. Avoid the game of exporting and importing bookmarks. Give this solution a try and save yourself some trouble.
xBrowserSync offers a secure, anonymous, and free solution. Per its website:
xBrowserSync is a free and open-source alternative to browser syncing tools. No sign up is required and no personal data is ever collected. To start syncing, download xBrowserSync for your desktop browser. Enter an encryption password and click Create New Sync. You’ll receive an anonymous sync ID. This identifies your data and you use it to access your data on other browsers and devices.
What’s more, xBrowserSync offers a search interface that simplifies finding and sharing bookmarks. You can use it to add descriptions and tags to bookmarks. You can get it as an add-on for Chrome/Chromium and/or Firefox browsers (or derivatives). Google Android users can also take advantage of it.
xBrowserSync in Action
Here are a few screenshots of xBrowserSync in action:
Search for a Bookmark:
Edit Bookmark to Add Title or Descriptive Tags:
Browse your xBrowserSync Bookmarks:
Settings Backup and Restore:
Avoid Browser Lock
There are many ways to keep track of your bookmarks now. But it is easy to get “browser locked.” Don’t get locked into any one browser. Find the browser that works best for you, then use xBrowserSync to sync your content.
Here are some additional solutions that are similar to xBrowserSync that you can explore:
Be sure to read the fine print for privacy and cost details for each of these solutions. What’s for sure– you now have a way to avoid switching browsers! | <urn:uuid:cfbeeb1a-e961-4d1f-b79a-bc071c38197f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.tcea.org/sync-your-browser-bookmarks/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.877058 | 988 | 1.6875 | 2 |
I use Krita, not Photoshop so I can't point you a solution specifically in Photoshop. I will first point a quick possible big "why" for your problem and latter point other possible problems from
digital vs traditional. Be aware that many visual aspects of the big "why" point can be a reflex from other points I point later.
Take in mind that much traditional paint intended tools like Corel Painter may not work as I describe, only their programmers and God knows what it make to get those results, for sure beaffy computer :), it is not a bad tool, but I can't explain how they get from traditional-to-digital-mimic.
Only programs like Corel Painter (mostly CP in particular) will help you mimicking extremely well many behaviours, as water colors borders, the 3D we see on strokes soaked of oil/gouache/acrylic/etc texture, the effect of paint infiltrating wet paper, etc. all this need to be "built" by the painter in those more digital image manipulation like programs as Krita and Photoshop, to avoid patterned or not much realistic results. In those cases you will be better with some program like Corel Painter, but be aware, programs like so have an absurd (really absurd...) amount of settings.
What you primarily want most probably is a brush that applies color through smudge, dulling, smearing...
It is not the common way of digital brushes, it apply color mimicking smudge/smear/duling of current brush with the current layer plus a a color if wanted, is the nearest simple approach to something somewhat similar to what happens in real world. Almost 90% of my work in my painting is result of smudge brushes from
Color Smudge engine in Krita. Here is an example of the
wet knife brush with a texture nib:
A a better contrast variation to better illustrate the texture surviving the painting plus some zoom:
All the time I use the same brush
wet knife, with 100% opacity, but default settings apart from a texturized nib, I paint solid colors by using the brush with max pressure on pen, after that I use the hotkey
ctrl+click on canvas to pick color from canvas and start painting with it changing pressure to get desired result, I go picking smudging until I get desired results:
Here is a example in one of my works of a result that is almost only smudge brushes + blending modes:
Anyway your problem can be a mix of lack of knowledges about digital vs traditional in many areas, let me list some extra important points:
Normal/basic digital brushes works like stamps generally.
They don't smudge like what happens in traditional media where we can smear things in the media (paper, wall, fabric), particularly they don't look like stamps because generally they are configured with very small spacing, in the first brush stroke spacing is big, in second one it is very small:
As other brushes they also have many other properties that can be controlled by drawing tables inputs like pressure and x, y coordinates variation, for example some of those properties are:
color, and even
spacing of this stamp among others.
Painting programs can do wrong color math and do pretty confusing additive color mixing.
This is probably one of the most annoying, first contact with digital, nobody-knows-about problem. Many painters get accustomed to
build the mix they need because of this digital limitations, after this they pretty much get used to it but it can be really confusing and is not optimal.
Basically the most common color spaces in computer "concentrate" lightness variations on the darker side, so from 255,255,255 to 254,254,254 you get a bigger light variation than from 0,0,0 to 1,1,1.
We are more sensitive to low light variations so computers do it to better represent images with less information (the "common place" 8 bits) as we don't perceive those bigger light variation on bright areas, the problem is that it result in absolutely wrong color mixing maths so, summing colors give not proportional/correct bright/hues/saturation.
Paint with a canvas with
linear srgb color space and
16 bit integer depth, you really don't need more than 16 bit integer but 8 bits will not be enough in a linear color space, remember, as discussed non-linearity is used to increase the steps betten dark side values, so we don't perceive those steps in 8 bits, we only have 256 steps in 8 bits, making steps linear, the painting math will run more sanely but you will perceive steps between values on the darker spectre with 16 bits it goes to 65256 steps.
Here is an example of a painted circle, those colors are product of red, blue, green mix with smudge brush without any color applying while smudging, the first one is a linear TRC sRGB colorspace (gamma=1.0), the second one is traditional sRGB (gamma=2.2):
Depending the way your program work, there exist more than a "painting mode"
Krita has a
wash and a
build mode, those are the results, from left to right, the upper are multiple strokes and the bottom are one big stroke, same opacity:
I believe that what is happening is that in first one, the same stroke multiple stamps that build it, are not overlapping, only different strokes, and on second one they are overlapping in all cases, even if from the same stroke.
There exist blending modes that "limit" opacity
In Krita there exist a blending mode that absolutely limit stroke opacity and so you get this result with many strokes: | <urn:uuid:cd9a781f-184d-4b2d-8281-cf3d057245f5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://graphicdesign.stackexchange.com/questions/106665/difference-in-applying-of-brush-strokes-between-the-real-world-and-the-digital-a | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.929636 | 1,221 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Strengths and Limitations of Choice Theory
6 OCT 2017
Choice theory is a theory of human psychology and behavior developed by William Glasser, M.D. The theory seeks to explain an alternative source of human mental unhappiness or unhealthiness, one that can be traced back to an individual's choices regarding their own needs. Dr. Glasser and others have written many books on choice theory and its primary application, reality therapy. The theory has been applied in therapeutic and educational settings, and has been both praised and criticized by medical professionals.
1 What Is Choice Theory?
Choice theory, as explained by William Glasser in his book Choice Theory: A New Psychology of Personal Freedom, holds that all we do is behave, almost all behavior is chosen, and we are driven by our genes to satisfy five basic needs: survival, love and belonging, power, freedom and fun. According to the theory, much of contemporary psychology focuses on external causation for mental illness and unhappiness, and the idea that external factors cause human beings to act in certain ways. Choice theory posits that human beings are motivated internally by the pursuit of the five basic needs, which we pursue according to what we believe will be most fulfilling and satisfying.
2 Applications of Choice Theory
Choice theory has been applied to both business and educational settings as a way for employees and students to set their own standards and reach their own goals in the absence of external controls. The theory is also the basis for reality therapy, which rather than focusing on how external factors have affected the patient, instead focuses on what needs the patient has that are met or unmet, and how the patient’s own behavior is contributing to these met or unmet needs.
3 Strengths of Choice Theory
According to The William Glasser Institute, choice theory can replace the Seven Deadly Habits of external control psychology -- criticizing, blaming, complaining, nagging, threatening, punishing and bribing -- with seven caring habits that focus on the autonomy of the individual -- supporting, encouraging, listening, accepting, trusting, respecting and negotiating differences. Since this theory holds that most behavior is chosen, if we choose to behave in ways that may meet our needs, we can improve relationships and connections, thereby creating happiness.
4 Limitations of Choice Theory
According to a review of Glasser's ideas in The Primary Care Companion to The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, choice theory is limited in that it discounts any type of biological or chemical root cause for mental or psychological problems. According to the review, the clinical and scientific support for the effectiveness of this theory and reality therapy is limited at best. While choice theory encourages individuals to harness and take control of their own behavior, its effectiveness as a replacement for pharmacological treatment in more severe mental health cases is highly questionable. | <urn:uuid:fc5cc3b2-0e8e-4835-96cf-784e76c7b25c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://classroom.synonym.com/strengths-and-limitations-of-choice-theory-12555946.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.940328 | 568 | 3.5625 | 4 |
One of the main functions of a business is to produce quality software solutions to their customers. There are many software development companies around the globe and each one of them has their own specifications when it comes to producing quality software applications. As a result, business owners will spend a lot of time interviewing different candidates in order to hire the best one that matches their business’ needs. Once they finally settle on which applicant fits their qualifications, they will have to make sure that person is qualified enough to actually produce results before the end of the year.
If you want your business to perform well in the market, you need to hire the best of the best. Unfortunately, finding the best programmer can be a very challenging task because there are so many people who can deliver excellent software applications. This is why you need to consider using software developers who have worked with some of the leading software companies in the industry. These professionals usually have portfolios containing their previous works, allowing you to look at the quality of his programming skills. Having this kind of assistance can significantly help in speeding up the process of producing quality applications for your business.
If you want to speed up the process of producing quality software applications for your business, it is imperative to hire the services of experienced and talented software developers. Some business owners try to do the hiring themselves but this usually proves to be a mistake. This is because you cannot simply select any person to work with. Your business’ success depends on the quality of its products and services. To ensure that your business produces high-quality products and services, it is important that you find software developers who are experts in implementing linear programming in business.
When a company starts up, it usually uses linear programming in business to make things easier for them. As the business grows, however, things may change. As a result, it may become necessary for your company to adapt to changes in order to survive. The use of linear programming in business can help you meet these changes by saving you time and money.
The main benefit of using software developers who are experts in implementing linear programming in business is the type of applications they can create. This type of application can help you create programs that are simple but efficient. In addition, the application can also provide advanced features that will allow your business to function more efficiently. This means that the programmer can easily create an application that has various uses. It is not necessary for you to hire an IT professional to write these applications for you because the programmer can write them for you.
Another benefit of linear programming in business is that it can help you save money. Because the software is very affordable, you do not have to spend a lot of money on software development. The programmer can apply advanced linear programming techniques in business to create a program that consumes less memory, storage space, and bandwidth. Because the application works quickly, your company does not have to invest in server upgrades to accommodate growth.
If your business uses computers and your programmer incorporates linear patterns into your application, then you will see more efficiency in your business. You will also save money because the application will consume less electricity. The use of this type of software is also considered to be environmentally friendly. The use of computers and the programs developed using linear techniques is safe for the environment. This type of computer software can be programmed to meet the needs of almost any business. | <urn:uuid:dee71d8f-79fa-4fcc-968d-750f2e206610> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://linearprogramminghelp.com/why-should-you-use-linear-programming-in-business/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.963808 | 677 | 1.953125 | 2 |
Machining Surface Finish Chart
Machining surface finish
Machining surface finish is also called surface roughness. It refers to the small spacing and the unevenness of small peaks and valleys of the processed surface. The distance between its two crests or troughs is very small (below 1mm), which is a microscopic geometric shape error. The smaller the surface roughness, the smoother the surface.
Surface roughness is generally formed by the processing method used. At the same time, there are also other factors. For example, the friction between the tool and the surface of the part during the processing, the plastic deformation of the surface layer metal when the chips are separated, and the high-frequency vibration in the process system. Due to the difference in processing methods and workpiece materials, the depth, density, shape and texture of the traces left on the processed surface are different.
Surface roughness is closely related to the matching properties, wear resistance, fatigue strength, contact stiffness, vibration and noise of mechanical parts. And it has an important impact on the service life and reliability of mechanical products. According to international standards, we use Ra for labeling.
1. Comparative method
The comparative method is simple to measure, and for on-site measurement in the workshop. This method is suitable for measurement on medium or rough surfaces. In brief, the method is to compare the measured surface with a roughness model marked with a certain value to determine the value. The methods that can be used for comparison is as follows. 1. Use visual inspection when Ra>1.6μm. 2. Use a magnifying glass when Ra1.6~Ra0.4μm. 3. Use a comparison microscope when Ra<0.4μm.
When comparing, the processing method, texture, direction, and material of the sample should be the same as the surface of the tested part.
2. Stylus method
Use a diamond stylus with a tip curvature radius of about 2 microns to slowly slide along the measured surface. The up and down displacement of the diamond stylus is converted into an electrical signal by an electrical length sensor. After amplification, filtering, and calculation, the display instrument indicates the rough surface degree value. We can also use the recorder to record the profile curve of the measured section.
Generally, the measuring tool that can only display the surface roughness value is called the surface roughness measuring instrument. And the surface roughness profiler that can record the surface profile curve at the same time. These two measurement tools have electronic calculation circuits or electronic computers, which can automatically calculate the arithmetic mean deviation Ra of the contour, the ten-point height of the microscopic unevenness Rz, the maximum height of the contour Ry and other various evaluation parameters. The measurement efficiency is enough high and is suitable for measuring the surface roughness with Ra of 0.025～6.3 microns.
3. Light section
The double-tube microscope measures the surface roughness, which can be used to evaluate Ry and Rz parameters, and the measurement range is 0.5-50.
4. Interference method
Use the principle of light wave interference (see flat crystal, laser length measurement technology) to display the shape error of the measured surface as interference fringe patterns. Meanwhile, use a microscope with high magnification (up to 500 times) to enlarge the microscopic part of these interference fringes Perform measurement to obtain the measured surface roughness. The surface roughness measurement tool using this method is interference microscope. In addition, this method is suitable for measuring surface roughness with Rz and Ry of 0.025 to 0.8 microns.
If you need to know more about related knowledges, please pay attention to our website.
Yide casting is a leading casting foundry in China, with 27 years’ experience, produces top quantity ductile iron castings. If you are interested in our casting fitting, please send us a drawing file, and feel free to get a quite quote. | <urn:uuid:b2e8ef5d-a08f-49e0-afe0-59f24ad8a0ae> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.yidecasting.com/machining-surface-finish-chart/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.899804 | 834 | 3.53125 | 4 |
Marc Chagall called "love" the primary color of his paintings. The central source of the love in his life was his wife, Bella. They met when Bella was a teenager in their home town of Vitebsk, Belarus. In 1915, Chagall finally
married Bella, despite the opposition of her parents, who wanted a better match for their daughter.
The Birthday was painted by Chagall in 1915 just a few weeks before he and Bella married. The painting is a wonderful expression of the amazing, flowing and powerful love these two shared. Chagall is pictured flowing and dream-like, floating above Bella. His head is unrealistically craned upside down and backward as he twists around to kiss his future wife on the mouth.
Bella is depicted holding a cheerful bouquet of flowers and also floating in the air, as if just lifting off. The couple is suspended in loving bliss in a bright living room setting dominated below by a vivid red carpet. The painting is balanced above by the ivory, beige and tans of the living room furniture and wall decorations.
Unlike Symbolism masterpiece The Kiss created by Gustav Klimt, in The Birthday, the kiss of the lovers is executed mostly in the Cubist or Expressionist styles. The painting is a marvelous creation which powerfully conveys that feeling of euphoric love between young lovers in a blissful yet ordinary setting that seems to ooze happiness out of every square inch of canvas. | <urn:uuid:4547c20a-a4df-4c27-bd1c-676ada5871a9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://marcchagall.net/the-birthday.jsp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.971904 | 295 | 2.609375 | 3 |
« 이전계속 »
had often appeared to my imagination while I trod its pavement, in the solemn darkness of the night, to be sacred to wisdom and piety." Being informed that he was at Mr. Thrale's in the Borough, I hastened thither, and found Mrs. Thrale and him at breakfast. I was kindly welcomed. In a moment he was in a full glow of conversation, and I felt myself elevated as if brought into another state of being. Mrs. Thrale and I looked at each other while he talked, and our looks expressed our congenial admiration and affection for him. I shall ever recollect this scene with great pleasure. I exclaimed to her, "I am quite restored by him, by transfusion of mind." "There are many (she replied) who admire and respect Mr. Johnson; but you and I love him.'
He seemed very happy in the near prospect of going to Italy with Mr. and Mrs. Thrale. "But, (said he,) before leaving England I am to take a jaunt to Oxford, Birmingham, my native city Lichfield, and my old friend, Dr. Taylor's, at Ashbourne, in Derbyshire. I shall go in a few days, and you, Boswell, shall go with me." I was ready to accompany him; being willing even to leave London to have the pleasure of his conversation.
On Tuesday, March 19, which was fixed for our proposed jaunt, we met in the morning at the Somerset coffee-house in the Strand, where we were taken up by the Oxford coach. He was accompanied by Mr. Gwyn, the architect; and a gentleman of Merton College, whom he did not know, had the fourth seat. We soon got into conversation; for it was very remarkable of Johnson, that the presence of a stranger had no restraint upon his talk. I observed
that Garrick, who was about to quit the stage, would have an easier life. JOHNSON. "I doubt that, Sir." BOSWELL. "Why, Sir, he will be Atlas with the burden off his back." JOHNSON. "But I know not, Sir, if he will be so steady without his load. However, he should never play any more, but be entirely the gentleman, and not partly the player; he should no longer subject himself to be hissed by a mob, or to be insolently treated by performers, whom he used to rule with a high hand, and who would gladly retaliate." BOSWELL. "I think he should play once a year for the benefit of decayed actors, as it has been said he means to do." JOHNSON. "Alas, Sir, he will soon be a decayed actor himself."
Upon our arrival at Oxford, Dr. Johnson and I went directly to University College, but were disappointed on finding that one of the fellows, his friend, Mr. Scott, who accompanied him from Newcastle to Edinburgh, was gone to the country. We put up at the Angel inn, and passed the evening by ourselves in easy and familiar conversation. We went to Trinity College, where he introduced me to Mr. Thomas Warton, with whom we passed a part of the evening. I mentioned Sir Richard Steele having published his Christian Hero, with the avowed purpose of obliging himself to lead a religious life; yet that his conduct was by no means strictly suitable. JOHNSON. "Steele, I believe, practised the lighter vices."
Mr. Warton, being engaged, could not sup with us at our inn; we had therefore another evening by ourselves. I asked Johnson, whether a man's being forward to make himself known to eminent people, and seeing as much of life, and getting as much in
formation as he could in every way, was not lessening himself by his forwardness. JoHNSON, "No, Sir; a man always makes himself greater as he increases his knowledge."
I said, Mr. Robert Dodsley's life should be written, as he had been so much connected with the wits of his time.
JOHNSON. "Never believe extraordinary characters which you hear of people. Depend upon it, Sir, they are exaggerated. You do not see one man shoot a great deal higher than another." I mentioned Mr. Burke. JOHNSON. "Yes; Burke is an extraordinary man. His stream of mind is perpetual." Sir Joshua Reynolds informs me, that when Mr. Burke was first elected a member of Parliament, and Sir John Hawkins expressed a wonder at his attaining a seat, Johnson said, "Now we who know Mr. Burke, know that he will be one of the first men in the country." And once, when Johnson was ill, and unable to exert himself as much as usual without fatigue, Mr. Burke having been mentioned, he said, "That fellow calls forth all my powers. Were I to see Burke now it would kill me.'”
Next morning, Thursday, March 21, we set out in a post-chaise to pursue our ramble. It was a delightful day, and we rode through Blenheim park. When I looked at the magnificent bridge built by John, Duke of Marlborough, over a small rivulet, and recollected the Epigram made upon it
"The lofty arch his high ambition shows,
The stream, an emblem of his bounty flows: " and saw that now, by the genius of Brown, a magnificent body of water was collected. I said, "They have drowned the Epigram." I observed to him,
while in the midst of the noble scene around us, "You and I, Sir, have, I think, seen together the extremes of what can be seen in Britain-the wild rough island of Mull, and Blenheim park."
We dined at an excellent inn at Chapel-house, where he expatiated on the felicity of England in its taverns and inns, and triumphed over the French for not having, in any perfection, the tavern life. "There is no private house, (said he,) in which people can enjoy themselves so well, as at a capital tavern. Let there be ever so great plenty of good things, ever so much grandeur, ever so much elegance, ever so much desire that everybody should be easy; in the nature of things it cannot be; there must always be some degree of care and anxiety. The master of the house is anxious to entertain his guests; the guests are anxious to be agreeable to him; and no man, but a very impudent dog, indeed, can as freely command what is in another man's house, as if it were his own. Whereas, at a tavern, there's a general freedom from anxiety. You are sure you are welcome; and the more noise you make, the more trouble you give, the more good things you call for, the welcomer you are. No servants will attend you with the alacrity which waiters do, who are incited by the prospect of an immediate reward in proportion as they please. No, Sir; there is nothing which has yet been contrived by man, by which so much happiness is produced as by a good tavern or inn." He then repeated, with great emotion, Shenstone's lines:
"Whoe'er has travell'd life's dull round,
In the afternoon, as we were driven rapidly along in the post-chaise, he said to me, "Life has not many things better than this." We stopped at Stratfordupon-Avon, and drank tea and coffee; and it pleased me to be with him upon the classic ground of Shakspeare's native place.
On Friday, March 22, having set out early from Henley, where we had lain the preceding night, we arrived at Birmingham about nine o'clock, and, after breakfast, went to call on his old school-fellow, Mr. Hector. A very stupid maid, who opened the door, told us, that, "her master was gone out; he was gone to the country; she could not tell when he would return." In short, she gave us a miserable reception; and Johnson observed, "She would have behaved no better to people who wanted him in the way of his profession." He said to her, "My name is Johnson; tell him I called. Will you remember the name?" She answered with rustic simplicity, in the Warwickshire pronunciation, "I don't understand you, Sir."-"Blockhead, (said he,) I'll write." I never heard the word blockhead applied to a woman before, though I do not see why it should not, when there is evident occasion for it. IIe, however, made another attempt to make her understand him, and roared loud in her ear, "Johnson," and then she caught the sound.
We next called on Mr. Lloyd, one of the people called Quakers. He too was not at home, but Mrs. Lloyd was, and received us courteously, and asked us to dinner. Johnson said to me, "After the uncertainty of all human things at Hector's, this invitation came very well." We walked about the town and he was pleased to see it increasing. | <urn:uuid:8a32d541-bc96-4ebb-87db-1185cbc7bd35> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://books.google.co.kr/books?id=HG0AAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA155&focus=viewport&vq=conversation&dq=editions:HARVARD32044017977125&lr=&hl=ko&output=html_text | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.988519 | 1,944 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Carriers — a euphemism for phone and cable companies — are known to hate any new technology that threatens their existing business models. For phone companies, it is always about getting back to billable minutes. For cable companies, it is all about charging more for the bundle and channels no one really watches. This group of reluctant technology adopters also hated Wi-Fi and fought it tooth-and-nail using all sorts of nasty tricks.
However, these days with growing mobile Internet demand carriers have embraced Wi-Fi, mostly because it allows them to offload traffic from their mobile networks to Wi-Fi networks. So much so, they are now building out their Wi-Fi infrastructure at a rapid clip. Every cable company and every phone company are rolling out Wi-Fi Nets. European phone companies such as Free and Orange have been ahead of the curve.
According to a new research report by Berg Insight, a Gothenburg, Sweden-based market research company, telecom operators had deployed more than 7 million carrier-grade Wi-Fi access points worldwide at the end of 2012. By 2018, that number is going to more than double to about 15 million units, Berg Insight forecasts. Stacey Higginbotham in her 2013 forecast predicted that 2013 will be the year when carriers make up their mind about Wi-Fi, and it seems they have. We have seen many cable companies like Cox launch their own networks. AT&T(s t) too has expanded its Wi-Fi footprint. The trend is gaining momentum across the world.
In an interview with GigaOM, Ericsson’s CEO had noted that Wi-Fi would become standard feature in its small cell gear, which is going to help with the growth of carrier Wi-Fi even more.
As carriers start to build out these networks, it makes sense for companies to figure out how to do seamless roaming. The Wi-Fi Alliance’s Hotspot 2.0 and the Wireless Broadband Alliance Next Generation Hotspot (NGH) program should help with the roaming and use of Wi-Fi on handsets. For now, the ideal way to use Wi-Fi when traveling is either Boingo(s wifi) or iPass. I personally use Boingo and don’t leave home without it. I have found that while it isn’t the perfect solution, it is damn near close to the only way to deal with the complex, arcane and often frustrating world of commercial Wi-Fi networks.
Recommended reading: Who’s your new mobile carrier? how about WiFi. | <urn:uuid:7defa984-21ae-4820-824c-761680f33082> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://om.co/gigaom/good-news-boom-times-for-carrier-wi-fi-hotspots-and-wi-fi-networks/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.95732 | 525 | 1.601563 | 2 |
The brain-inspired spiking neurons, considered as the third generation of artificial neurons, are more biologically plausible and computationally powerful than traditional artificial neurons. One of the fundamental research in spiking neurons is to transform streams of incoming spikes into precisely timed spikes. Due to the inherent complexity of processing spike sequences, the formulation of efficient supervised learning algorithm is difficult and remains an important problem in the research area. This paper presents an efficient membrane potential driven (EMPD) supervised learning method capable of training neurons to generate desired sequences of spikes. The learning rule of EMPD is composed of two processes: 1) at desired output times, the gradient descent method is implemented to minimize the error function defined as the difference between the membrane potential and the firing threshold and 2) at undesired output time, synaptic weights are adjusted to make the membrane potential below the threshold. For efficiency, at undesired output times, EMPD calculates the membrane potential and makes a comparison with firing threshold only at some special time points when the neuron is most likely to cross the firing threshold. Experimental results show that the proposed EMPD approach has higher learning efficiency and accuracy over the existing learning algorithms.
|Journal||IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems|
|Early online date||11 Jan 2017|
|Publication status||Published - 1 Jun 2018| | <urn:uuid:2af41a3c-ee54-4e60-b1bf-657982766001> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://researchportal.northumbria.ac.uk/en/publications/empd-an-efficient-membrane-potential-driven-supervised-learning-a | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.898283 | 307 | 2.15625 | 2 |
A platform to permit IoT sellers to simplify the reporting and management of vulnerabilities has been introduced by the Internet of Items Security Foundation (IoTSF).
With the ETSI EN 303 645 specification requiring IoT suppliers to publish a distinct and clear vulnerability disclosure coverage, create an interior vulnerability administration method, make call info for vulnerability reporting publicly obtainable and continually keep an eye on for and determine security vulnerabilities inside their products, the IoTSF has launched VulnerableThings.com in order to help IoT sellers comply with legislation.
Created to support IoT suppliers obtain, assess, deal with and mitigate vulnerability reviews, VulnerableThings.com aims to offer a vulnerability administration software to help IoT manufacturers put together for emerging laws and to sustain compliance. Access to VulnerableThings.com is readily available absolutely free until January 31 2021 and brands that subscribe will have entry to a dashboard that will guide them by way of the vulnerability resolution approach and aid conversation with the reporter.
Where a vulnerability is claimed in a solution from a vendor that hasn’t registered with the company, an alert will be sent to a general public email deal with of the producer who will then have the opportunity to securely obtain the facts of the vulnerability report.
Vulnerabilities can be noted by any specific anonymously, or by registering, they are provided with a dashboard which permits them to observe the progress in direction of resolving vulnerabilities they have noted to diverse suppliers. The IoTSF explained the intention is to market dialogue involving sellers and security researchers as with no mechanisms to report, handle and take care of vulnerabilities, the security of purchaser IoT products and solutions diminishes more than time and the risk of attack or abuse boosts.
John Moor, taking care of director of the IoT Security Foundation, explained: “Vulnerability management is these types of a fundamental factor to IoT cyber-hygiene that it is no surprise that governments and regulators all around the earth are creating this a mandatory prerequisite.
“We therefore see the have to have to travel this crucial security exercise and goal to aid make it as very simple as doable with the launch of the Susceptible Items platform – in particular for the uninitiated and firms who may well absence means. The services brokers great communications in between researchers and suppliers and guides equally by way of the system right until complete.”
Matt Warman, the British isles Government’s electronic infrastructure minister, mentioned: “I welcome this new initiative to help industry improve the security of internet of items gadgets and boost our burgeoning digital economic climate though guarding persons online. We want anyone to have self-confidence that the internet-related solutions they are shopping for have much better security and we are doing the job on laws in this industry to help make this a fact.”
Some sections of this posting are sourced from: | <urn:uuid:869c2246-61ad-4dfa-8808-98e8f36b1f88> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thecybersecurity.news/general-cyber-security-news/iot-security-foundation-launches-vulnerability-disclosure-platform-2597/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.942706 | 583 | 1.820313 | 2 |
What do you need?
Psychologists are mental health specialists who work to uncover the complex causes of psychological problems and provide medication-free treatments that address the multiple issues affecting wellbeing. We work at different “levels” of complexity depending on the client’s presenting needs.
Neuropsychotherapy is a deeper way of working with clients to address a wide range of psychological and physiological conditions. This approach uses techniques that stimulate new brain pathways and correct dysfunctional habits that are underpinned by structural and functional changes in the brain, many of which have built up over a lifetime. These might be habits of responding emotionally, cognitively, or behaviourally that are no longer working. We start by helping clients become aware of how neural processes are linked to their feelings, perceptions, thoughts and actions. Then we coach the client to down-regulate (lessen) the psychological and physiological symptoms of distress. This is followed by building new responses that start to re-pattern the brain structures and functions, bringing about better integration of whole-brain responses to the client’s environment (both inner and outer). We are literally using the mind to change the brain. Neuropsychotherapy is a particularly effective approach to recovering from trauma and brain-related conditions such as sleep disorders and pain, but is increasingly used to treat anxiety, depression, and interpersonal problems. It is a whole-system approach that includes treating the gut (nutrition), the heart (emotions), and the mind (brain and nervous system).
Counselling can be helpful for treating stress and adjustment problems (i.e. coping with life changes); emotional issues such as managing anger, depression and anxiety, phobias or obsessive compulsive disorders (OCD); sleep and eating disorders; and coping with any unexpected life crisis such as loss or bereavement, divorce, retirement, an accident or illness, or natural disasters. By talking through the issues that are troubling you, counselling helps you get a new perspective on problems, find resources you have to get through tough times, and find the light at the end of the tunnel.
Life Coaching is suitable when you are not having any clinical symptoms but you want to improve specific areas of your life, such as make a good relationship even better, become more assertive and confident in your work life, or re-balance competing roles and time demands. Coaching can help you learn ways to use your inner strengths more effectively, set new new life goals, achieve more and gain significantly greater happiness and life satisfaction. Most importantly, Life Coaching helps you enrich your “toolbox” of life skills, and move towards having a flourishing life.
The diagram below gives an overview of the approach we take with our counselling & coaching services:
- If you are in the ‘Languishing’ section of the graph, you will be best served by counselling, which is a form of “talk therapy” that aims to help people recover from a set of distressing emotional, psychological or social symptoms that are causing them to feel bad or not cope.
- If you are in the ‘Normal’ section, Life Coaching will help you rebuild and extend that buffer zone between “normal” and “languishing” so that you are better equipped to cope when things go wrong (as they do as part of everyday life). Life Coaching helps you optimise your mental fitness.
Relationship Counselling & Coaching
Relationships are hard work, and we believe in the old saying “a stitch in time saves nine”. This is why we offer three levels of support to help with relationships – coaching, counselling, and mediation.
Relationship coaching is a positive investment if you’re in a new relationship and both committed to getting it off to a great start. None of us brings a perfect track record into our relationships, and “baggage” can often unravel our connections and love over time. On the upside, knowing the strengths you each bring into the relationship, and being able to capitalise on these, lays a great foundation for a long-term future.
Relationship Counselling (sometimes called marriage counselling or family therapy) is recommended if your relationship is in trouble. We can help you work together to analyse where things are going wrong and put in place new skills to get you back on track. Often relationships just need some tweaking – a “grease and oil change” – to return them to smooth running. Sometimes the overhaul has to be bigger than this, but if done sensitively and constructively the repairs can be well worth the effort.
Relationship Mediation can be helpful in cases when the relationship is over but there’s still tidying up to be done. We can help you get through the feelings of loss and start moving on, hopefully wiser for the experience. This includes helping to resolve issues such as shared parenting arrangements, or learning how to co-parent in a responsible way.
Fees for Services:
Online (Individual) $95 per hour for video-conference appointment using VSee
Email counselling $85 per hour or $225 for block of 3 hours
Face-to-face (Norfolk Island only)
$55 per hour (fee paying/individual)
$75 per hour (fee paying/couple)
Bulk billing with Mental Health Plan
“Bulk billing” means that Medicare pays the provider the full fee for your treatment. This is available only for face-to-face treatment and requires a Mental Health Plan from a doctor. The Mental Health Plan allows you to access bulk billing for 10 individual sessions AND 10 group sessions per calendar year.
As a courtesy to our psychologists, we kindly request at least 2 day’s notice if appointments need to be changed or cancelled. Like many health professionals running a business, we have to charge a fee for late cancellations or reschedules (i.e. changes with less than 48-hours notice) and missed appointments as short notice doesn’t allow us enough time to fill the vacant appointment. In addition, costs for your appointment have usually already been incurred with the psychologist putting in time preparing for your session, and administration costs confirming your appointment.
- Missed appointments and late cancellations (less than 48 hours notice) will be charged the full fee payable before the next session
Please note that any change to appointments within 1 hour of the booked session is treated as a “missed appointment”, and cancellations/changes made over weekends for Monday appointments (or Tuesday in the case of public holidays) are treated also as a “missed appointment” as messages left on our voicemail service cannot be actioned until the working week. | <urn:uuid:5e5b7e0d-474c-4bf3-b0e1-b6d7f902b5a6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://chrysaliswellnessservices.com/counselling/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.943785 | 1,412 | 2.25 | 2 |
Objectives: Adequate access to primary and dental care is essential for population health, and some state Medicaid programs have expanded insurance coverage for both. However, there are few data on new Medicaid enrollees’ ability to access services. We examined the relationship between provider supply and enrollees’ identification of usual sources of care.
Study Design: Between November 2015 and February 2016, we surveyed low-income adults newly insured through Medicaid in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to determine if they had a usual source of care. Additionally, we used geospatial methods to calculate adult population per provider ratios by Census tract for primary and dental care providers who accepted Medicaid patients, then identified low-supply clusters.
Methods: We used multivariable logistic regression models to describe the odds of identifying usual sources of care based on being in low- or high-supply clusters, adjusting for patient demographics.
Results: Of 1000 contacted individuals, 312 completed the survey. Among respondents, 168 were previously uninsured and newly enrolled in Medicaid; 66.7% of this group identified a usual primary care provider and 42.3% identified a usual dental care provider. In adjusted analyses, individuals living in low- and high-supply areas had similar likelihoods of identifying a usual source of primary or dental care.
Conclusions: Many new Medicaid enrollees did not have usual sources of primary or dental care, regardless of nearby provider supply. Efforts to understand what improves access or engagement in healthcare among Medicaid enrollees are critical after low-income adults gain insurance. | <urn:uuid:05ab7969-d95a-42bd-b896-1fe5368614ac> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aidph.org/resource-center/access-to-primary-and-dental-care-among-adults-newly-enrolled-in-medicaid/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.940533 | 317 | 1.8125 | 2 |
This event aims to raise awareness of the effect of music on hearing health through sharing the latest research and solutions. The meeting aims to cover the scale of the problem, what we now know, and what can be done. World leading specialists will deliver the cutting edge knowledge to help inform decision makers and influencers on well being and health issues for amateur players, professional musicians, casual listeners and festival goers!
The programme will be of interest to individuals working in the field of music and entertainment such as, live sound, DJs, musicians, those who serve the industry such as audiologists, researchers, health, safety & wellbeing consultants and key influencers for musicians such as music venues,technologists, conservatoires, music schools, employers and managers of musicians.
Location: Royal Academy of Engineering, Pall Mall, London, UK
Organisation Responsible: UK Hearing Conservation Association
Contact: Clare Forshaw, at firstname.lastname@example.org
© 2017-2022 International Commission for Acoustics | <urn:uuid:a723a4e6-ee48-44e1-ab1e-fcccad7ee221> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sound2020.org/event/hear-for-tomorrow/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.912336 | 212 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Marriage is an important social and legal financial institution in The japanese. During the Edo period, samurai class members dominated culture and constituted less than 10 percent of the total population. Maqui berry farmers constituted the vast majority of japan population. As a result, marital life was viewed https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/2021/10/28/carolyn-hax-relationship-growth-without-marriage-cohabiting-kids/ so as to maintain peacefulness between the lords. But over the last millennium, marital life has changed considerably. Over the medieval and modern times, indigenous practices have got adapted to Chinese Confucianism and Traditional western concepts of individualism. It has resulted in extensive popularity of traditions that were once reserved for small aristocrats.
Traditional Shinto ceremonies include one in half a dozen Japanese marriage ceremonies. These ceremonies occur in the main building of a shrine. During the wedding ceremony, a clergyman performs a ritual purification on the couple and asks for their particular kami’s blessing. The couple in that case drink three cups of sake, referred to as sansankudo, to toast the new union and future together. A Japanese people wedding ceremony wouldn’t be complete devoid of this traditional ritual.
When it comes to the wedding ceremony ceremony themselves, Japanese brides often choose a fall or spring wedding date. Springtime is generally drier, and many bride and groom depart with regards to their honeymoon concurrently. There are also a number of days of the entire year that are thought of lucky meant for marriage. But these are just a few of the countless traditions which will make Japanese weddings a special experience for a lot of. If you’re not sure of which day is blessed, try to remember that your weather will be nicer during this time belonging to the year.
After the wedding, the newlyweds are customarily japanese girl for marriage appreciated to attend a reception party, which is similar to a west celebration, and generally involves dinner, speeches, and lots of alcohol. A further traditional Japanese marriage ceremony ritual is usually to give gift idea https://bisawake.com/businesses-for-philippine-women/ cash to the wedding party guests in decorative envelopes. This is also a traditional method to be grateful for guests and get spread around happiness. Traditionally, the Japanese do not need a bridal party.
Inspite of their modernization, Japanese marital life customs have modified over the ages. The Detrimental Code of 1898 established the principle of mutual approval, but permission for women was still likely forced until the early 20th 100 years. However , females gained entry to education and financial self-reliance. A fight for equal rights and the right to divorce was the start of the Japanese feminism activity. However , seeing that the traditions has become ever more popular, a majority of couples continue to be choosing to follow the traditions of their ancestors.
In Shinto weddings, the groom and bride wear certain kimonos. The woman wears a formal all-white kimono, known as shiromuku. This can be symbolic from the bride’s willingness to coloring her dress in the color of her husband’s family members. In contrast, the groom would wear a formal hakama, also known as montsuki, which is a gown embroidered with a family crest. | <urn:uuid:c2323ab6-d356-47e8-87f5-829b69cdfc57> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ballsteps.com/western-marriage-customs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.962215 | 701 | 2.515625 | 3 |
IJ client Tom Halsnik has worked hard to grow his car service business over the years. He has learned what works, and what doesn’t, and he knows that his business would be best served by charging his customers less.
Unfortunately for Tom and his customers, they live in Tampa, Fla., where the Hillsborough County Public Transportation Commission (the “PTC”) has said that what Tom wants to do is against the law. The PTC was created, ironically, to protect Tampa’s transportation customers. Instead, it is trying to protect consumers from low prices.
Specifically, the PTC requires all sedan and limousine drivers to charge at least $50 per ride, no matter how short the ride, even when the driver wants to charge less. If Tom even attempts to offer a better value to his customers and potential customers, he is breaking the law.
Understandably, IJ clients Kenrick Gleckler and Daniel Faubion do not want protection from low prices when they hire limos. They would happily accept Tom’s offers, if only the government would get out of the way.
This is why Tom, Kenrick and Daniel joined with IJ to file a constitutional lawsuit in Hillsborough County Circuit Court on August 28. We are asking the court to find that the PTC’s minimum fare rule is unconstitutional. Our clients’ demands are simple: Tom wants to offer lower prices, and Kenrick and Daniel want to accept them.
It should not be against the law for businesses to offer their clients a better deal. The Florida Constitution protects the right to economic liberty, and the Florida Supreme Court has shown a willingness to strike down laws that interfere with the right of consumers to bargain for lower prices. In this case, we will show that these protections are just as applicable to the transportation industry as they are to Florida’s other industries.
After all, it is consumers and entrepreneurs—not the government—who should decide how much a ride from a car service should cost. Government-imposed minimum-fare rules do not help consumers. All they do is increase costs, stifle innovation and protect industry insiders from competition—hardly a wise or constitutional use of government power.
With IJ’s help, Tom will be able to grow his business by offering better deals. And customers like Kenrick and Daniel will be able to hold on to a little more of their hard-earned money.
Justin Pearson is the executive director of the IJ Florida Chapter. | <urn:uuid:a17e717e-75e6-4d21-ac5a-3684610e9dbe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://old.ij.org/ll/liberty-law-october-2013/ij-takes-on-the-tampa-price-control-police/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.971052 | 520 | 1.859375 | 2 |
If you’re like most people, you probably don’t really know what the WPC2027 is. And chances are, if you’re reading this article, you’re not alone. So what is it? The WPC2027 is a wireless protocol specification that was finalized in late 2017 and aims to improve the performance of wireless networks. So what does this have to do with Copywriters?
Well, as copywriters, one of our main responsibilities is to help our clients create content that will be effective and engaging for their target audiences. And while there’s no doubt that writing quality content is essential, it’s also important to keep in mind the technological trends and changes happening around us – especially when it comes to internet connectivity and wireless protocols.
So if you’re looking to stay ahead of the curve when it comes to online marketing, be sure to familiarize yourself with the WPC2027 – and maybe even take a look at some of the software options out there that can make doing so much easier!
What Is the WPC2027?
The WPC2027 is a 2027-compliant Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) 2.0 security protocol standard. It provides an improved level of security for wireless networks by adding new capabilities, such as group key management.
The WPC2027 standard was created in order to improve the security of wireless networks. It is based on the IEEE 802.11i standard, which was developed in response to the weaknesses found in the Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) 1.0 protocol.
The WPC2027 standard offers a number of improvements over the WPA1.0 protocol. These include the ability to manage group keys, which makes it easier to secure wireless networks; support for TKIP and AES encryption; and enhanced performance.
If you are planning to install a new Wi-Fi network, you should consider using the WPC2027 security protocol standard.
How Does It Affect My PC?
WPC (Windows Performance Compute) is a feature that was first introduced in Windows Vista and has been included in every version of Windows since.
WPC is a set of services that provides enhanced performance for your computer by managing the workload on your processor. It can improve performance by allowing the processor to work more efficiently and by helping to keep your computer running at its peak condition.
There are a few ways that WPC can impact your PC. One way is through its ability to manage resources. For example, WPC can help to optimize graphics and memory usage by managing the resources that are used by your applications.
Another way that WPC can impact your PC is through its ability to manage data. For example, WPC can help to optimize disk I/O and network traffic by managing the files and data that are being accessed on your computer.
Overall, WPC is a feature that can help to improve your PC’s performance. It should be enabled whenever possible so that it can make the most impact on your system.
How to Remove the WPCVirus
If you are experiencing problems with your computer and you think that the problem might be caused by a virus, there are a few things you can do to try and fix the problem. First, you should try to remove any viruses that you think might be causing the problem. This can be done by using a variety of antivirus programs. If that doesn’t work, you can try to clean your computer using a virus removal tool.
Read Also: Pacman 30th anniversary
The WPC2027 is a 20-inch wide panel controller designed to manage high volume production environments. It offers features such as an easy-to-use web interface and quick response time, making it ideal for use in factories and other industrial settings. | <urn:uuid:089d8ef8-8c19-4091-933e-e58f461f502f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://backstageviral.com/wpc2027-what-is-it/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.954474 | 795 | 1.859375 | 2 |
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Sep 28, 2020 · One 4.8-ounce slice, or 1/12 of the pie, is 320 calories. The entire pie, which weighs more than 3.5 pounds with a 12-inch diameter, has a total of 3,840 calories. Additionally, each slice has 31 grams of sugar (28 grams of which are added sugar), 380 milligrams of sodium, 48 grams of carbohydrates and 11 grams of fat per serving.
Our signature Vanilla Fresh Frozen Custard handcrafted with ribbons of old-fashioned salted caramel and plenty of pureed pumpkin from the American Midwest heartland. It's a perfect blend of caramel, pumpkin pie spice and everything nice about fall, but it's only available for a limited time.
CALORIC RATIO PYRAMID™ This graphic shows you what percentage of the calories in a food come from carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and alcohol. If you are trying to achieve a specific distribution of calories, such as the 40/30/30 distribution of the Zone™ diet, or the more traditional 60/30/10 distribution, the Caloric Ratio Pyramid™ will show you how recipes, meal plans, or individual
Find calories, carbs, and nutritional contents for walmart pumpkin-pie and over 2,000,000 other foods at MyFitnessPal
Sep 10, 2021 · Nutrition Facts. Pumpkin is an incredibly nutritious food. It is nutrient-dense, meaning it has lots of vitamins and minerals and relatively few calories. One cup of cooked pumpkin provides ( 1
Total carbs in a Pumpkin Pie is 42.04 (g), 14% of daily value. Sugar in a Pumpkin Pie is about 21.34 g and the amount of protein in a Pumpkin Pie is approximately 6.01 g. Please refer to the nutrition facts label seen to the left for a full breakdown of complete nutrition found in a Pumpkin Pie .
The Calories are in Pumpkin Pie. Now we can talk about how many calories are in pumpkin pie. In a basic pumpkin pie that I have already explained we will expect about 323 of calories in each slice or in 133 grams of pumpkin pie. So in one whole pie you will find about 2,414 of calories.
Cakes and pies often include high-calorie foods like wheat flour, butter, cream, and sugar, which can be viewed separately in the baking ingredients calorie chart. The nutritional value of baked goods tends to be low because the main ingredients provide mostly fats and simple carbohydrates, which can immediately cause rapid fluctuations in
Calorie Breakdown. Where do the calories in Pumpkin Pie, prepared from recipe come from? 40.4% 8.7% 50.9% Total Fat Protein Total Carbohydrate 316 cal. * The % Daily Value (DV) tells you how much a nutrient in a serving of food contributes to a daily diet. 2,000 calories a day is used for general nutrition …
Find calories, carbs, and nutritional contents for dierbergs kitchen-tippins-pumpkin-pie and over 2,000,000 other foods at MyFitnessPal
calories. Both flaxseeds and pumpkin pie spice are high in calories. Flaxseed has 56% more calories than pumpkin pie spice - flaxseed has 534 calories per 100 grams and pumpkin pie spice has 342 calories. For macronutrient ratios, flaxseeds is heavier in protein, much lighter in carbs and much heavier in fat compared to pumpkin pie spice per
Sheridan's - Pumpkin Pie Concrete (Reg) Serving Size : 1 Regular. 648 Cal. 50% 75g Carbs. 48% 32g Fat. 3% 4g Protein.
Aug 21, 2007 · There are 323 calories in 1 piece of Pumpkin Pie. Calorie breakdown: 41% fat, 52% carbs, 7% protein.
There are 940 calories in 1 container of Sheetz Pumpkin Pie Milkshake. You'd need to walk 262 minutes to burn 940 calories. Visit CalorieKing to see calorie count and nutrient data for all portion sizes.
A serving of one slice, comprised of one-12th of a pie or 4.8 oz., contains 310 calories, according to LiveStrong.com MyPlate. One slice of Costco pumpkin pie cheesecake has even more, 420 calories. If you consume the usual diet of 2,000 calories per day, one slice of these desserts provides 16 to 21 percent of the calories you require for the day.
Serving Size - ½ Cup Calories - 200 Fat Calories - 90 Total Fat - 10g - 16%dv Sat. Fat - 7g - 35% Trans Fat - 0 g Cholesterol - 55 mg - 19%dv Sodium - 70 mg - 3%dv
Here are the foods from our food nutrition database that were used for the nutrition calculations of this recipe. Calories per serving of pumpkin pie filling 30 calories of Granulated Sugar, (0.04 cup) 24 calories of Pumpkin, canned, without salt, (0.29 cup) 11 calories of Egg substitute, liquid (Egg Beaters), (0.08 cup)
12 rows · Oct 25, 2013 · Pumpkin Pie - Food Maxx 11" Pumpkin Pie (serving Size = 1 Piece (1/11 Pie)) (1 serving)
Copyright © 2021 of Talenet Group all rights reserved | <urn:uuid:12940a30-c724-4468-a3fc-1f5afc05e3fd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://erich-schaetzl.de/1634741912/pumpkin-pie-concrete-calories-carbs-nutrition-facts.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.872792 | 1,132 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Russian law treats beer as food.
Wow! the Russian beer lobby has crafted laws that treat beer the same as any food. It can be sold in all the same places and restricted only by the laws that restrict other foods.
No license is required to brew beer in Russia!
The politicians there have little or no incentive to change things, either:
“It’s billions and billions of dollars a year,” said Belyakov, a member of the minority Fair Russia party. “I want to repeat: A significant part of that financial flow goes into the building where I work.” | <urn:uuid:61cb1bf2-b4e5-4ab4-a2e0-cb2c5dec5554> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://beerconspiracy.com/russian-law-treats-beer-as-food/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.974798 | 127 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Numbers 23:19 – “God is not a man, that He should lie, nor a son of man, that He should repent. Has He said, and will He not do? Or has He spoken, and will He not make it good?” NKJV
I love the story of Balak and Balaam. Balak was paying Balaam to curse Israel and each time Balaam would stand to do what he was being paid to do the Lord would put a blessing in his mouth. This infuriated Balak and finally, Balaam uttered the words of our text.
Remember when Saul, the King disobeyed the directive of Samuel the prophet in 1 Samuel. I love Samuel’s way of approaching issues. Saul had defeated the Amalekites and Agag their king and rather than being obedient he spared the king and took his livestock for spoil contrary to God’s directive through the prophet. Samuel showed up and Saul gloated about his great victory and his obedience to God’s directive. Samuel, looked around and asked, “What then is this bleating of sheep in my ears, and the lowing of the oxen which I hear?” Simply, “Saul if you had been truly obedient I wouldn’t be hearing this.”
Saul protested that he did it to bring the livestock to sacrifice to the Lord and the prophet said, “Be quiet!” He let Saul know that God was not the least bit interested in his justifications for disobedience and in 1 Samuel 15:22 he uttered words that should resonate with us daily, “Has the LORD as great delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices, as in obeying the voice of the LORD? Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to heed than the fat of rams.”
It reminds me of the story of the pastor struggling about what to do and one of his little ladies said, “Pastor if God tells me to jump through a hole in the wall it is my business to jump and His business to make the hole.” William Burton McCafferty used to say, “God can pull us through anything if we can stand the pull.” Obedience is our business making the way where there seems to be no way Gods.
Paul’s message to the Philippian church is revealed in his declaration in 4:13, “I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me.” and in 4:19, “And my God shall supply all your need according to His riches in Glory by Christ Jesus.” It is our responsibility to OBEY! We do not have to understand it all or even see clearly how it is all going to work out. We are to OBEY! That obedience is out of a heart of love and a confidence that God is God and will do what He does and NEVER FAILS!
Let me caution you. I have tried to jump through some walls I wanted God to tell me to jump through and He had not. The result was some severe headaches and pains from trying to run through a troop and leap over a wall He had not directed me to do. However, there have been many times when I knew in my spirit that He had given me a directive and it seemed impossible. In those times when I leaped, he made the hole, and victory was realized.
Our problem, too often, is we are not listening to that still small voice of the Spirit of God and going on what we think ought to happen or what we’ve been told ought to happen. We need to develop ‘spiritual hearing’ and become Obedient in all things and at all times. It is daunting to see the wall, hear the directive to jump, and see no hole through which to go. Yet, it is incredibly exhilarating to take a flying leap and suddenly there is a hole for you to go through, a supernatural move of God.
If we can trust Him for our salvation. If we can believe He created the heavens and the earth. If we can believe that Jesus died on the Cross for our sins. If we can believe that He loves us with an everlasting love and it truly is His good pleasure to give us the kingdom. Why, is it difficult to be obedient? I need no credit for anything attributed to me as having accomplished in life for all that I am, all that I have, and all that I have done is the result of being Obedient and His moving on my behalf.
God bless you as you enjoy this wonderful day in Him! | <urn:uuid:7efcde63-7300-4fa6-8e11-b7c89cb8bd25> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://royscovenantcorner.com/2021/11/23/faith-obedience-our-part-and-gods-part-3/?shared=email&msg=fail | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.983221 | 955 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Travelling as a vegan or vegetarian isn’t always easy, depending on where you go. But that is decidedly not the case in Delhi, a city filled with plant-based options to satisfy every palate and budget. Here, our local guide gives you the lowdown on traditional local dishes that happen to be vegan along with recommendations for the top vegan restaurants, cafes, takeaways and shopping in the city. Happy eating!
There are a wide variety of vegan dishes to be found in Delhi, many of them on offer at street food stalls and carts, as well as in restaurants. But no matter what you’re ordering, be it from a food stall or a sit-down restaurant, always ask before you commit, to ensure that there are no sneaky dairy or other non-vegan ingredients to watch out for.
For starters, dosas, originating from the Indian subcontinent, are similar to a crepe in appearance. The main ingredients are rice and black gram, ground together in a fine, smooth batter with a dash of salt. Dosas are a typical part of the Southern Indian and Sri Lankan Tamil diets, but the dish is now popular all over India. Traditionally, dosas are served hot along with sambar, a stuffing of potatoes, and chutney.
A Masala dosa is a South Indian food wherein the dough is made of fermented rice and lentils, and the stuffing is prepared with potatoes. No animal products go into the making of this dish, making it suitable for vegans.
Bhelpuri is a popular street food snack all over India made with puffed rice, vegetables, and tamarind sauce. The crunchy, tangy dish makes for a great between-meal pick-me-up or just a simple snack to enjoy on the go.
Vegetable biryani is a fried rice dish made with an array of spices including nutmeg, cloves, coriander and mint, making for a savoury, fragrant plate of food. Just note that vegan travellers should ask for this dish to be made with oil rather than ghee.
Aloo gobi is a dry curry dish made with potatoes and cauliflower. The dish is flavoured with curry leaves and turmeric, giving it a golden yellow hue. Note that if the dish is served with a chapati, ask for no butter.
Pakoras are a tasty and addictive Indian snack that can usually be found in vegan form. The fritter-like dish is made with vegetables (and sometimes meat, so ask before you order), dipped in chickpea flour batter and deep fried. These tasty treats can be found at many street food stalls and markets, but just me sure to check they are meat and dairy-free before you dive in.
Bhutta is basically roasted corn on the cob, a popular summertime snack that can be found at many street food stalls for a healthy, vegan snack.
Vada pav is another street food staple that is often vegan and consists of a spicy potato patty sandwiched between pillowy bread. You’ll just need to ensure no milk solids went into either the bread or the potato patty.
The quaint Rose Cafe has an entire section of their menu dedicated to vegan dishes. Choose from salads (pumpkin or beetroot), open-face sandwiches, pasta, vegetarian shepherd’s pie and a bunch of desserts including vegan banana cake, apple cake and everyone’s favorite: dark chocolate gelato. The average price for one is around INR 500.
264, Westend Marg, Saiyad Ul Ajaib Extension, Sainik Farm, New Delhi
This popular spot recently launched a healthy menu made up of organic ingredients and superfoods. The menu here has several options for vegans, including soy-marinated tofu, spinach and millet soup, and quinoa salad – all good options for vegan travellers. They also have a selection of grab-and-go items. You can expect to pay around INR 800.
17, 1st Floor, Khan Market, New Delhi
This is a restaurant in Delhi that has an entirely vegetarian menu (with many vegan options). And the food is so good that you’ll legit forget about your chicken tikkas and mutton biryanis for some time. They also serve great bubble tea, which is actually one of the many reasons we keep going back to this restaurant. The average price for one is INR 900.
Select Citywalk, 2nd Floor, S-25, Saket, New Delhi
This place has to be the one restaurant that probably has the most vegan options on their menu. Even if there are things on their menu that aren’t vegan originally (like pizza), they offer vegan alternatives for an extra charge. You can expect to pay around INR 650 for one.
MR House, 4, Basant Lok Community Centre, Vasant Vihar, New Delhi
Those who love eating healthy swear by the food at Getafix, and no healthy menu is complete without vegan options. They offer vegan substitutes for their (delicious) smoothies, and the staff even makes a conscious effort to reduce the waste as much as possible (probably why you won’t be given straws at this restaurant). The average price for one is INR 600.
M-15, 1st Floor, Greater Kailash 1, New Delhi
Note that you can also get takeaway dishes at all of the establishments listed above if you’d rather take your vegan goodies to go.
Although India does not have any specific supermarkets that are specifically vegan, India is mostly known for its vegetarian food, meaning you can easily find vegan-friendly products at every market. Items like almond milk, olive oil, fresh produce, tofu and organic items are usually on offer. But when in doubt, ask before you buy. | <urn:uuid:69c1a6fd-0a7d-4937-846b-3f7eeb9dddcf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.urbanadventures.com/the-ultimate-guide-to-being-vegan-in-delhi/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.952077 | 1,216 | 1.609375 | 2 |
While I was growing up, my mother was very particular about us finishing dinner by 7:30pm. So once I moved to the United States, the concept of eating dinner by 6:30pm was not a huge challenge for me. I only had to adjust my schedule by an hour. But it was not easy for my husband who grew up in Mumbai where between traffic, work demands, and lifestyle, people rarely get to their dinner tables before 9:00pm. That is the reality for many who live in big cities and spend hours commuting.
For many people, dinnertime provides the perfect opportunity to reflect on the day and connect with family or friends over a delicious meal. Many of us wait for this time to share our day with loved ones. Cackles, complaints, love, laughter, and more accompany dinner traditions in many homes. And yet, depending on where you live and what you do for a living, by the time you assemble the family, it might be 9:30pm, with dinner winding up late in the night. That pushes your sleep to midnight and beyond. That’s a recipe for disaster!
According to Ayurveda, it’s not just what we eat that matters for our health, but also when we eat and what we digest. We are miniature units of nature. When the sun goes down, so does our digestive fire. Eating dinner early and making it your smallest meal not only is beneficial for weight loss and management, but also helps you to sleep better since your body has had time to digest the food you ate hours before. Eating dinner late is linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome, according to a study in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism.
Experts around the world haven’t been stressing on maintaining the two to three-hour gap between bedtime and dinner for nothing. Research has found that people who eat earlier benefit from better heart health than those who don’t eat until later at night. In the study that was published in Endocrine Society’s Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism in June 2020, the researchers discovered that those who ate dinner at 10 pm experienced peak blood sugar levels 20 percent higher than people who ate dinner at 6 pm.
According to Dr. Louis J. Aronne, Director of the Weight Control Program at Weill Cornell Medical College-New York Presbyterian Hospital, people who eat late at night tend to eat more. In addition, studies show that late-night munching increases triglyceride levels. When you eat, your body converts any calories it doesn’t use right away into triglycerides; and high levels may increase your risk of heart attack and stroke.
Anna Almiroudis, who has a master’s in clinical nutrition and integrative health with a specialty in herbal medicine, says, “Nighttime eating is associated with reduced sleep quality and duration (one theory is that late eating may be associated with circadian desynchronization). Poor sleep quality is in turn also linked to insulin resistance, increased risk for cardiovascular diseases and chronic diseases such as obesity and diabetes, and depression, etc.”
“I recommend shifting dinner and sleep times earlier to all my clients, so that they are able to balance their glucose levels, store less fat and give their digestive systems much needed rest. One of Her Shakti’s wellness tenets is to get grounded in grandma’s wisdom, which is to eat before sunset and sleep early. Research has also associated late dinners with disruptive sleep cycles and weight gain,” says Neeta Jain, CEO and founder of Her Shakti.
I know we are all set in our patterns and lifestyles. But it might be worth giving early dinners a shot now that many of us work remotely. Do it for your and your family’s health. Most of us do not eat when hungry, but when we think we are hungry. Aside from the health benefits of eating before 7pm, an early dinner also means you have more time to relax in the evenings.
While it takes a little bit of doing in the initial days, this practice is worth it. | <urn:uuid:80ef124f-1541-4c45-82ea-f4391e6111bb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.seema.com/the-health-benefits-of-an-early-dinner/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.973461 | 852 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Players need to be on the ball to spot the sound matches. Cover all four of your cards to win the game. By picking up a Got it! card, players can either choose to reduce their opponents’ chance of winning or take the opportunity to cover up their own cards. Momentum is key, but reading and spelling consistency is essential.
Collecting word sets reinforces the sounds in words. Be the first to read or spell three words sets to win the game. Take advantage of the Got it! card to help make a set. When picking up and discarding cards, the players can choose a high or low risk strategy to win the game.
Spot the matching sounds to collect as many word pairs as possible. The Got it! card gives a player the option to take an opponent’s word pair or make their own. This ensures that all players are kept engaged in the game until the end. The player with the most word pairs is the winner.
The aim of the game is to get rid of your cards by matching sounds. The card in the middle of the table displays the sound in play and gets switched throughout the game. Nothing is guaranteed as the word being switched can change the fortunes of the players. This game focuses players’ attention on sounds, a vital skill when learning how to read and spell words.
Word Race is a fast-paced game. The winner is the first to discard all their cards by reading the words correctly. If a player needs support to read or spell the word, the card remains in their hand, creating reinforcement using over learning. A Got it! card can change the dynamic of the game, allowing the player to discard additional cards.
© All rights reserved | <urn:uuid:f9533807-2c49-4c20-a62b-9b4bb9e32d95> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gotitlearning.co.uk/thefivegames/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.961226 | 375 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Published: Aug 8, 2017
Be like The Swans put your mobile out of sight
Young drivers are urged to ignore the distractions and get their hands off their mobile phones before getting behind the wheel.
As part of an education campaign with the Sydney Swans, we have released a new video to highlight the risks associated with young drivers and their ‘always on’ approach to social media.
Roads, Maritime and Freight Minister Melinda Pavey said mobile phone distraction is an increasing problem on our roads, particularly among younger drivers who are less experienced at anticipating or identifying the level of attention required for safe driving.
“It’s important to point out that at 60km/h, if you look at your phone while driving for just two seconds, you travel 33 metres blind,” Mrs Pavey said
A national study also revealed that more than 75% of provisional licence holders self-reported the use of their mobile phone while driving.
Last year, 38,894 infringements were issued for illegal mobile phone use.
”The consequences of using a mobile phone while driving are devastating and sadly it’s not just killing and injuring those who are illegally using their phones but putting innocent people at risk of lifelong injuries and death.”
In NSW, it is illegal for novice drivers to use their mobile phone at all while driving including the GPS functionality, so it is important that notifications are off and the phone is out of sight and out of mind.
“The Sydney Swans, who are ambassadors in the sporting community, have helped highlight this road safety problem and we thank the players involved for their support.”
The story behind the video came from within the Sydney Swans camp with players Kieren Jack, Sam Reid, Callum Sinclair and Heath Grundy throwing their support behind the potentially life-saving campaign.
Swans player Kieren Jack said behind selfies and pretty filters was an important road safety message.
“The stories from people in the community, including some of our fans prove that this is an issue that needs to be spoken about,” Mr Jack said.
“Far too many people are being killed and seriously injured on our roads from mobile phone distraction and people need to think about the heartache this causes to other road users and the people around you – it’s just not worth it.” | <urn:uuid:f5c9006b-6b05-4a5d-af46-e57d59a1d6e0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://towardszero.nsw.gov.au/news/be-swans-put-your-mobile-out-sight | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.9683 | 493 | 2.015625 | 2 |
by John R. Fischer
, Senior Reporter | July 16, 2020
Providers with the uEXPLORER total-body PET/CT scanner can perform total-body dynamic PET scans on cancer patients to detect the presence of metastatic cancer, according to a new study.
Presented this week at the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 2020 Virtual Annual Meeting, the analysis confirms that it is possible to perform total-body kinetic modeling and parametric imaging with the system — qualities which enhance visibility and characterization of metastatic cancer and allow it to be identified. It is the first to assess total-body dynamic PET imaging of cancer with uEXPLORER.
"Conventionally, a radiotracer is commonly used to measure one physiological parameter," study author Guobao Wang, associate professor and Paul Calabresi Clinical Oncology K12 Scholar in the department of radiology at the University of California (UC), Davis, told HCB News. "For example, 18F-FDG has been mainly used for assessing glucose metabolism. With tracer kinetic modeling, total-body dynamic PET not only provides the parameter of glucose metabolism (i.e., FDG influx rate Ki that is proportional to glucose metabolic rate) but also parametric images of additional physiologically important parameters, such as the fractional blood volume (vb), glucose transport rate (K1) and potentially blood flow, potentially enabling a single-tracer multiparametric imaging method. Without this technical ability from total-body dynamic PET, multiparametric imaging would otherwise need multiple radiotracers, prolonged scan time and increased imaging cost."
For those who need to move fast and expand clinical capabilities -- and would love new equipment -- the uCT 550 Advance offers a new fully configured 80-slice CT in up to 2 weeks with routine maintenance and parts and Software Upgrades for Life™ included.
Static PET offers a simple snapshot of radiopharmaceutical concentration, while dynamic PET with tracer kinetic modeling generates parametric images that show how tissue behaves, enabling researchers to better detect lesions and assess responses of cancer patients to therapy. The lack of studies around the potential of these capabilities stems from the components of conventional PET scanners, which have a limited axial field-of-view and cannot perform simultaneous dynamic imaging of lesions widely separated in the body.
The method can be used with any radiotracer. For their study, Wang and his colleagues injected the tracer, 18F-FDG into a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The patient was then scanned on uEXPLORER. Static PET standardized uptake value (SUV) was calculated and kinetic modeling was performed for regional quantification in 16 areas of interest, including major organs and multiple metastases. The glucose influx rate was calculated and more kinetic modeling was used to create parametric images of the kinetic parameters. The kinetic data was then used to detect tumors and characterize them. | <urn:uuid:83a31796-c2d8-40d8-87b5-537a72672c83> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dotmed.com/news/story/51855?lang=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.913234 | 600 | 1.71875 | 2 |
By William C. Dowling
“The item of this book,” writes William C. Dowling in his preface, “is to make the most important techniques of Paul Ricoeur’s Time and Narrative to be had to readers who may need felt bewildered by means of the twists and turns of its argument.” The assets of puzzlement are, he notes, many. For a few, it truly is Ricoeur’s famously oblique type of presentation, during which the polarities of argument and exegesis appear so frequently and so all at once to have reversed themselves. For others, it's the amazing highbrow variety of Ricoeur’s argument, drawing on traditions as far away from one another as Heideggerian existentialism, French structuralism, and Anglo-American analytic philosophy. but underneath the labyrinthian floor of Ricoeur’s Temps et récit, Dowling finds a unmarried prolonged argument that, notwithstanding built unsystematically, is intended to be understood in systematic terms.
Ricoeur on Time and Narrative presents that argument in transparent and concise phrases, in a manner that might be enlightening either to readers new to Ricoeur and those that could have felt themselves adrift within the complexities of Temps et récit, Ricoeur’s final significant philosophical paintings. Dowling divides his dialogue into six chapters, all heavily concerned with particular arguments in Temps et récit: on mimesis, time, narrativity, semantics of motion, poetics of historical past, and poetics of fiction. also, Dowling offers a preface that lays out the French highbrow context of Ricoeur's philosophical process. An appendix offers his English translation of a private interview during which Ricoeur, having accomplished Time and Narrative, looks again over his lengthy profession as an the world over well known thinker. Ricoeur on Time and Narrative communicates to readers the highbrow pleasure of following Ricoeur’s dismantling of demonstrated theories and arguments—Aristotle and Augustine and Husserl on time, Frye and Greimas on narrative constitution, Arthur Danto and Louis O. Mink at the nature of ancient explanation—while coming to work out how, lower than the strain of Ricoeur’s research, those principles are reconstituted and printed in a brand new set of relatives to 1 another.
"The scholarship in William C. Dowling's Ricoeur on Time and Narrative is impeccable; Dowling understands Ricoeur within out. He highlights Ricoeur's most crucial arguments, provides them in a limpid, concise language, and hyperlinks them to the correct 19th- and twentieth-century philosophical advancements. Dowling's booklet presents us with a lucid, intelligible model of Ricoeur's significant paintings, person who might be of substantial value to philosophers, historians, and literary theorists." —Thomas Pavel, Gordon J. Laing exotic carrier Professor of French Literature, and the Committee on Social proposal, collage of Chicago
"William C. Dowling's Ricoeur on Time and Narrative is a sophisticated and remarkably well-sustained piece of labor. It presents an in depth creation to an important paintings of philosophy and narrative theory—already a substantial fulfillment, given the trouble of Ricoeur's textual content. in spite of the fact that, Dowling additionally indicates us, occasionally explicitly, occasionally easily in the course of the method he conducts his argument, why we should always hassle with Ricoeur—what we need to achieve from realizing him higher than we do, despite the fact that good we might imagine we all know him." —Michael wooden, Charles Barnwell Straut category of 1923 Professor of English and Comparative Literature, Princeton University | <urn:uuid:8da09550-a42a-44b3-b49f-4d79c6b87dbd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://grandautogroup.co.th/library/category/phenomenology/page/3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.928369 | 785 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Location & Size
Location and size
Pakwach District is one of the districts in the West Nile region of Uganda. It is bordered by Nebbi district in the West, Nwoya and Amuru districts in the East, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in the South West, Arua in the North West and Buliisa to the South. Pakwach lies between altitudes 2289ft to 5224ft above sea level. The coordinates of Pakwach district are 2027’43.0”N, 31029’54.0”E (Latitude 2.461944; Longitude 31.49833). The district has a total area of about 1,008.6 Sq. Kilometres of which 83.19% is arable land while 2.91% is occupied by game reserve, 6.4% wetlands and open water, and 7.5% is occupied by forest reserves.
Pakwach District headquarters are situated in Pakwach Town Council which is approximately 370km from Kampala, the Capital City of Uganda.
MAP OF PAKWACH DISTRICT | <urn:uuid:ab295d27-463b-4b9b-a911-91be9c117697> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pakwach.go.ug/lg/location-size | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.919798 | 236 | 2.4375 | 2 |
Post By Bill Couzens Founder Less Cancer
Key words Donora,Devra Davis Phd MPH, Derva Lee Davis, UPCI, CEO, Pennsylvania,Smog, Cancer, Couzens, Bill Couzens Next Generation Choices Foundation, Less Cancer, Scott Beveridge,
Ironic timing for this article “it is the 60th anniversary of the smog in Donora Pa. In late October of 1948 the Monongahela River Valley town of Donora, Pennsylvania more than 7,000 (half the town) were sick or hospitalized- in a couple of days 20 people dropped dead.and over the following month 50 more would die.
Dr. Derva Davis tells this amazing story in her book When Smoke Ran Like Water http://www.devradavis.com/books.php or you can see more at http://scottbeveridge.blogspot.com/2008/10/donora-pa.html who also tells of this story-the smog in Donora Pa.
SEE HUFFINGTON POST LINK
MEXICO CITY — Mexicans would live an average of two months longer if they breathed cleaner air, Harvard researchers conclude in a study published Monday. The study found that some 7,600 people’s lives were cut short each year by diseases related to air pollution between 2001-2005, representing about 1.6 percent of annual deaths in Mexico.
The highest proportion of those deaths _ 38 percent _ were in Mexico City, a mountain ringed valley known for its dense layer of smog.
Mexico’s average life expectancy _ 72.3 years for men and 77.8 for women _ would be longer by 2.4 months if urban air quality were improved, according to the study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The researchers _ Gretchen Stevens, Rodrigo Dias and Majid Ezzati of the Harvard Initiative for Global Health _ used death records and air quality monitoring data to estimate the number of people who died from lung cancer, cardiopulmonary diseases, respiratory infections and other illnesses as a result of breathing heavily polluted air. Then they estimated what Mexico’s average life expectancy rate would be if those people had not died early.
The researchers also studied the effect on mortality rates from the use of solid fuels like coal and wood burning, and from unsafe water sanitation in Mexican homes.
From 2001-2005, about 3,000 people died each year from diseases related to using dirty water, while household fuels caused illnesses that killed 3,600. The study estimated that exposure to unsafe water sanitation shortened Mexico’s average life expectancy by 1 month, while unclean fuels reduced it by 1.2 months.
The three factors combined killed 14,000 people a year, or 3 percent of total deaths in Mexico. Mexicans would live nearly five months longer if all three environmental problems were eliminated, the study found.
But the study found that while air pollution affected Mexicans of all income levels evenly, a disproportionate number of people in impoverished communities died from exposure to dirty household fuels and unsafe water.
The study found, for example, that improving water sanitation would reduce the child mortality rate by 6.2 percent in the poorest Mexican communities, but would have little effect in the wealthiest areas.
Worst affected were indigenous communities in the southern states of Chiapas, Guerrero and Oaxaca. Some 50 municipalities in those states had nearly 6 percent of overall deaths and 16 percent of child deaths from the three environmental risk factors, even though only 1.5 percent of Mexico’s population lives there.
“On the one hand in Mexico, air pollution is responsible for far more deaths than other environmental conditions,” said Ezzati, an associate professor at Harvard School of Public Health. “On the other hand, if you look at the poor parts of the country, there is a much bigger affect from not having clean water and not having clean fuel.”
The study found that while air pollution affected mostly adults, unsafe water sanitation and dirty household fuels had a bigger impact on children.
The study noted that Mexico has rapidly reduced the number of households using dirty fuel and unclean water in the past two decades, and that its overall child mortality rate was on par with wealthier countries at 5.7 per 1,000.
See Huffington Post Link | <urn:uuid:01a629cd-2e09-47f2-93cc-733da2e6781b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lesscancer.org/255-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.949755 | 940 | 3.25 | 3 |
Economic Impact of COVID-19 on the Arts in Missouri
COVID-19 has hurt the arts financially in Missouri. Americans for the Arts is working to gather data and impact stories, including cancelled events, lost wages, and additional expenses. Below are their results. Their research is ongoing, and so the data may update over time. Using this tool, you can view national aggregated data or can filter the information by either ZIP Code or State to see localized impacts.
Source: Americans for the Arts | <urn:uuid:01b6bcf6-204d-4a83-80e0-3fc913183c90> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://racstl.org/covid-19/economic-impact-of-covid-19-in-missouri/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.947267 | 102 | 1.648438 | 2 |
The Federal Trade Commission today announced that it will publish for public comment a proposed consent order with PacifiCorp that would settle FTC charges that the company's $10.7 billion acquisition of The Energy Group PLC (TEG) would potentially lead to increases in wholesale and retail electricity prices in the United States. As part of the proposed consent agreement, PacifiCorp would divest two coal mines owned by a TEG subsidiary, Peabody.
"As many states, including California, begin to deregulate the market for electricity, it's important that the FTC and energy regulators work together to ensure that a competitive market is maintained for wholesale and retail electricity," William J. Baer, Director of the FTC's Bureau of Competition, said.
PacifiCorp, headquartered in Portland, Oregon, provides retail electric utility service in seven western states, including Oregon, Washington, California, Utah, Idaho, Wyoming and Montana. Its retail electricity sales in 1996 totaled $2.1 billion. The company also makes wholesale electricity sales to other utilities in the western United States.
TEG is a diversified energy company headquartered in London, England. TEG owns Peabody, which produces roughly 15 percent of the coal mined in the United States. TEG also owns a power marketer, which trades electric power throughout the United States and owns both electric power plants and an electric power transmission system in England. TEG's total revenue for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1996, was roughly $6 billion dollars.
As part of the company's planned acquisition of TEG, PacifiCorp would gain the Peabody mines, including the Kayenta and Black Mesa mines located on the Navajo Indian Reservation in Arizona. The Kayenta and Black Mesa mines, owned and operated by a Peabody subsidiary, Peabody Western Coal Company, are the sole source of coal for the Navajo and Mohave power plants in Page, Arizona, and Laughlin, Nevada, respectively.
The FTC's complaint notes that the Mohave and Navajo plants are "captive" to the coal mines that supply them and would not be able to source coal economically from other mines should the price of coal from the captive mines increase.
According to the complaint, PacifiCorp is the third largest generator of electricity in the western United States, and in 1996 generated 53.8 million megawatt-hours of electricity. As such, PacifiCorp is a major "power marketer" in the newly deregulated markets for "wholesale" electricity (sales of electricity from generation facilities to utilities). The complaint states that a merged PacifiCorp/Peabody, because of its substantial electricity generation assets, would have both the incentive and the ability to raise the price of coal to its competitors, Navajo and Mohave, unlike an independent Peabody, which owned no generation assets.
The complaint further alleges that raising the price of coal to Navajo and Mohave is likely to raise wholesale electricity prices to consumers in the western United States during off-peak hours. Currently, Navajo and Mohave act as price setters for wholesale electricity in the western United States during certain off-peak hours. Coal costs are 90 percent of the electricity price that Navajo and Mohave charge. Consequently, by gaining total control over their fuel supply, PacifiCorp would be able to increase the fuel costs of these key suppliers of electricity and, thus, raise the price of wholesale electricity for off-peak hours to all consumers in the western United States.
The harm to consumers will be even greater, the FTC alleged, once "retail" electricity sales (sales to actual end users) are deregulated. For example, under California's current reform proposal, key electricity suppliers such as Navajo and Mohave will actually set the price for the entire market. To remedy these competitive concerns, the parties have agreed to divest the Black Mesa and Kayenta mines.
The complaint also addresses the FTC's concern that the acquisition would give PacifiCorp access to proprietary information not available to its competitors. For example, the agency noted that wholesale electricity markets throughout the United States could be adversely affected by this acquisition because PacifiCorp may gain access, through Peabody's coal contracts and coal supply relationships, to highly sensitive data about competitors' costs and to information about the operating conditions of competing generators of electrical power. The FTC noted that Peabody supplies 27 percent of the coal that goes to such plants in the western United States and 15 percent of the coal going to such plants in the entire United States. By acquiring Peabody, PacifiCorp would gain real-time information about the operating conditions and production plans at many of the approximately 150 power plants supplied by Peabody, the FTC said. This information may unfairly affect PacifiCorp's competitors in the wholesale electricity market.
Under the terms of the proposed consent order, which will be open for public comment for 60 days, PacifiCorp would divest Peabody Western Coal Company, which owns the Kayenta and Black Mesa mines, to an acquirer or acquirers approved by the Commission. The order also includes a "firewall" that forbids Peabody from disclosing to PacifiCorp any non-public information regarding Peabody customers who object to such disclosure and either purchase coal from Peabody under contracts with a term of one-year or longer or purchased in excess of one million tons of coal from Peabody during the preceding year.
The Commission's vote to announce the consent order was 3-0, with Commissioner Mary L. Azcuenaga and Commissioner Mozelle W. Thompson not participating.
An announcement regarding the proposed consent agreement will be published in the Federal Register shortly. The agreement will be subject to public comment for 60 days, after which the Commission will decide whether to make it final. Comments should be addressed to the FTC, Office of the Secretary, 6th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20580.
NOTE: A consent agreement is for settlement purposes only and does not constitute an admission of a law violation. When the Commission issues a consent order on a final basis, it carries the force of law with respect to future actions. Each violation of such an order may result in a civil penalty of $11,000.
Copies of the FTC's complaint, the proposed consent order, and other documents are available from the FTC's web site at http://www.ftc.gov and also from the FTC's Consumer Response Center, Room 130, 6th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20580; 202-326-3128; TDD for the hearing impaired 1-866-653-4261. Consent agreements subject to public comment also are available by calling 202-326-3627. To find out the latest news as it is announced, call the FTC NewsPhone recording at 202-326-2710.
(FTC File No. 971-0091)
Office of Public Affairs
Bureau of Competition | <urn:uuid:ff6e7115-cf77-4ec2-827a-f26a7b17292e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/news/press-releases/1998/02/ftc-restructures-electriccoal-combination-ensure-consumers-reap-low-prices-electricity-deregulation | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.947436 | 1,450 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Why It Works
- Purging the clams guarantees they won't be sandy.
- Removing most of the cooked clams from their shells, then adding that meat back to the pasta at the end, makes the dish easier to eat.
- Finishing the pasta in the sauce allows it to absorb all that good briny flavor.
Sometimes when I'm eating a bowl of pasta with tomato sauce, I think to myself, Man, what I really want is to have a bunch of little rocks scattered throughout these noodles. I mean, who doesn't think that? I can't even begin to describe the relief I feel when I finally have a plate of shell-strewn spaghetti alle vongole in front of me and I can futilely tap the tines of my fork against all those stone-like bivalves as I try to disentangle the last strands of pasta from them.
Obviously, I'm kidding. Italy's pasta with clams has the double distinction of being one of the world's great seafood dishes and one of its great pasta dishes. It's just that the way it's often served, with the pasta chock-full of clamshells, is deeply flawed.
I know there are possible rebuttals here. One might argue, for instance, that if I object to clamshells in my pasta, I must also object to them in other dishes, like paella and seafood stews. I'd counter that the shell interacts with broth-y dishes and rice dishes very differently than with pasta, since the shell can scoop up the liquid and rice grains. Shells and long strands of noodle, on the other hand, don't so much as talk to each other on the plate. They just get in each other's way. (Don't even get me started on clamshells on pizza! How the hell are you supposed to eat that?)
Another argument could be that you can serve the pasta in a mound in the center of the plate, then arrange all the clamshells around it in a decorative fashion. This is true—in fact, I've seen it done—but I'd argue that such a presentation, while artful, denies you an essential joy of the dish, which is getting bites of clam meat with each forkful of pasta.
No, I'm convinced that leaving all the clams in their shells does nothing to improve the dish. The solution is simple: Pluck the cooked clams from their shells, then toss them back into the pasta. Save just a few shell-on clams to add as a garnish—an important garnish that, aside from looking nice, lets your guests know they're eating fresh clams and not sauce from a jar. Shelling the clams adds a couple of steps to the process, but the payoff in the improved eating quality of the dish is more than worth it.
What Is Spaghetti alle Vongole in Bianco?
If I were to describe the classic white alle vongole sauce, I'd say it's a basic aglio, olio, e peperoncino with clams and white wine added. (There's also a red version, with tomatoes included, but I'm focusing on the white one in this article.) All of the basic principles behind aglio e olio, therefore, apply to this dish as well.
That means starting by very gently cooking the garlic and red pepper flakes in olive oil until the oil is infused with their flavor and the garlic is just starting to turn golden. With aglio e olio, the next step would be to add the cooked pasta, along with some of its cooking water. But here, we first want to add white wine to the pan along with the clams, cover, and cook until the clams open and release their briny juices into the sauce.
Selecting, Cleaning, and Cooking the Clams
There are a few important things to know about the clams. First, I tested this recipe with the three types of clams I was able to find: cockles, Manila clams, and littlenecks. Manilas and cockles are smaller than littlenecks, but since we're removing most of the shells, that's not too much of a consideration here. (If, for some strange reason, I did want to serve the pasta full of shells, I'd prefer smaller ones over larger ones.) Flavor-wise, they're pretty similar in the finished dish.
Second, I urge you to purge your clams, a process that helps remove any sand or grit that might be hiding in their shells. If you doubt whether purging is necessary, just take a look at my purging water in the photo below. That's all sand that would have ended up in my pasta sauce had I not gotten it out of the clams first. Purging is easy: Simply let the clams stand in cold, salty water (about as salty as the sea, which means around a 3% solution, though I always just eyeball it). Lift the clams out every 30 minutes, change the water, and repeat until you see no sand or grit in the bottom of the bowl. That could be after the first purge, or the fourth. It just depends on the clams.
Third, discard any clams that are open and refuse to close when you prod them. That's a sign that they're dead, or very near it anyway, and are best avoided.
Back to the covered pan: We have our clams, wine, oil, garlic, and chili flakes all simmering away, the clams popping open one by one as they go to a better plaice. (Sorry, couldn't help myself.) I like to pluck them out and transfer them to a bowl as they open, to avoid overcooking the open clams while waiting for the others to catch up. A lot of people say you shouldn't eat clams that don't open. This is not true: A shut-tight clam is, if anything, the most vigorous and lively one in the pot. It's probably the best one to eat! Keep steaming the clams, and they will eventually open. Sometimes they'll open only a crack, in which case you can use tongs to fully pop the shell.*
*The only exception to this is that, in exceedingly rare instances, you could possibly have a "mudder" in the batch, which is an empty shell filled with mud. It almost never happens with clams from the fishmonger, but can happen if you've dug the clams yourself. Best to open very stubborn shells away from the rest of your food, just in case they're filled with muck.
Once the clams have cooled just enough to handle, you can pluck out their meat and discard the shells, saving just a few shell-in clams per serving for garnish. If the clam meat is from a bigger clam, like a littleneck, I like to chop it up just a bit; smaller clams can be left whole.
Preparing the Pasta
At this point, the sauce is ready for the pasta, so you can go ahead and cook it in a pot or a large skillet of boiling water. A skillet offers a lower ratio of water to pasta, which results in starchier water; that will help later when it's time to emulsify the sauce. The one downside of using a smaller vessel like a skillet is that I tend to slosh the water over the edge when I stir, making a mess. Sometimes I use a big pot to minimize spills. Either works.
Because the clams can be salty, though, I recommend salting your pasta water less. Typically, I suggest salting pasta water to 1% (about one tablespoon of Diamond Crystal kosher salt per quart or liter of water), but here I'd err on the side of less salt, given the brininess of the clams. You may have to add a little salt to the pasta later if the clams don't end up adding enough salt on their own, but that's a better option than having to choke down ruined food.
Putting It All Together
As soon as the pasta is done, transfer it to the skillet with the sauce, along with some of the starchy pasta water, and cook it all together, stirring and tossing rapidly over high heat. The fats in the sauce emulsify with the water, reducing into a creamy coating for the noodles. I'm sometimes inclined to melt a pat of butter into the dish at this point—when is butter ever a bad idea with clams?
When everything is ready, I toss in the clam meat along with the reserved garnish clams, stirring and tossing just long enough to heat them through, then remove the dish from the heat and mix in parsley and a splash of fresh olive oil for flavor.
What you end up with are silky noodles coated in all that briny, garlicky flavor from the pan sauce and studded with tender morsels of the clam itself.
You won't miss the stones, I promise.
3 pounds (1.25kg) fresh small clams, such as littlenecks, Manilas, or cockles (about 3 dozen littlenecks or 4 dozen Manilas or cockles)
3 tablespoons (45ml) extra-virgin olive oil, plus more as needed
3 medium cloves garlic, very thinly sliced
Pinch red pepper flakes
1/2 cup (120ml) dry white wine
1 pound (450g) dried spaghetti
1 tablespoon (15g) unsalted butter (optional)
Small handful minced fresh parsley leaves
Fill a large bowl with cold water and stir in enough salt to make it salty like the sea. Add clams and let stand 30 minutes. Lift clams from water and discard purging water; if there is sand in the bottom of the bowl, rinse it out and repeat this process until clams no longer release sand into the water (usually 2 to 3 purging cycles). Discard any clams that are gaping open and refuse to close when prodded.
In a large skillet, combine oil with garlic and red pepper flakes. Cook over medium heat until garlic is very lightly golden, about 5 minutes. (Adjust heat as necessary to keep it gently sizzling.)
Add white wine and clams, cover, and increase heat to high. Cook, checking every 30 seconds or so and transferring clams as they open to a large heatproof bowl, until all clams have opened, about 5 minutes. Remove skillet from heat.
Allow clams to cool slightly, then pull meat from shells; save a few shell-on clams per serving for garnish. If clam meat is large (for example, from larger littleneck clams), you can roughly chop it.
In a pot or large skillet of lightly salted water, cook pasta until just shy of al dente (about 1 minute less than cooking time on package). Transfer pasta to skillet with white-wine sauce, add a few tablespoons of pasta cooking water, and cook over high heat, stirring and tossing rapidly, until sauce has reduced and is beginning to form a creamy, emulsified coating on the noodles. Add butter, if using, and both clam meat and shell-on clams. Cook, stirring, until butter is melted and clams are heated through, about 1 minute; add more pasta water, 1 tablespoon at a time, if sauce over-reduces and becomes dry or greasy. Season with salt if necessary. Remove from heat.
Stir in parsley and a drizzle of fresh olive oil. Transfer to bowls and serve right away.
|Nutrition Facts (per serving)|
|Amount per serving|
|% Daily Value*|
|Total Fat 17g||22%|
|Saturated Fat 2g||11%|
|Total Carbohydrate 99g||36%|
|Dietary Fiber 4g||13%|
|Total Sugars 3g|
|Vitamin C 59mg||293%|
|*The % Daily Value (DV) tells you how much a nutrient in a food serving contributes to a daily diet. 2,000 calories a day is used for general nutrition advice.| | <urn:uuid:b60256b2-e0ba-4f83-905e-cbc2c2d37739> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.seriouseats.com/spaghetti-pasta-alle-vongole-clams-recipe?utm_source=emailshare&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=shareurlbuttons | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.957289 | 2,705 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Transport is one of NZ’s biggest opportunities when it comes to cutting carbon pollution. Today, we rely almost entirely on oil to move people and stuff around the country. Together, all those cars, vans, trucks, motorbikes, airplanes, trains and ships cause around 40% of our total CO2 emissions. But change is afoot, and there are a range of exciting solutions to move us towards zero carbon transport.
In previous blog posts I introduced the Net Zero in New Zealand report by Vivid Economics and gave an overview of its future scenarios. In this post, I dive into the transport sector and look at what those scenarios involve, and whether we could go further.
IMAGINING ZERO CARBON TRANSPORT
What might a zero carbon transport system look like? Here’s one possible vision.
In our cities and large towns, people drive less and rely more on bikes, walking and public transport to get around, making these nicer places to be. Enhanced digital connectivity reduces the need for travel – especially for air travel and long-distance trips. A shift towards a more ‘weightless’ economy, alongside increased use of rail and coastal shipping, reduces growth in road freight. As battery costs continue to fall, electric vehicles take over the market for cars, vans and smaller trucks – running on close to 100% renewable electricity. The remaining non-electric vehicles are much more efficient, and run mainly on biofuels produced locally from wood and waste.
That’s just one vision, and there are many possible variations – for example around the extent of behaviour change and the kinds of technologies that dominate. We could describe any future scenario in terms of three key factors:
Demand reduction: How demand for travel might change and how we can reduce it.
Efficiency: Shifting to more efficient modes of transport and improving the efficiency of vehicles and systems.
Fuel switching: Changing from fossil fuels to low- or zero-carbon fuels like electricity, hydrogen and biofuels.
What do Vivid’s scenarios look like for transport? I’ve put together the infographic below. This lays out the scenarios’ assumptions for 2050 and what this would mean for carbon emissions.
(Note that Vivid’s Off Track NZ and Resourceful NZ scenarios have identical assumptions for the transport sector, so I have only shown the latter.)
In a nutshell, Vivid’s scenarios all envisage a future where behavioural and systemic changes are limited, but technologies improve and electric vehicles (EVs) take over.
This EV takeover is more than plausible based on current trends. From 2008 to 2015, battery costs fell by 75% while their energy density increased more than four-fold (enabling longer vehicle range). A recent report from global financial firm UBS forecasts that EVs could reach the same total ownership cost as combustion engine cars as early as next year; a potential tipping point for mainstream uptake. Heavy vehicles are more challenging but we’re seeing positive developments there too, such as Waste Management NZ beginning to transition its fleet of 800 rubbish trucks to electric.
Considering the rapidly declining costs alongside the substantial public benefits (particularly the health gains from more active transport and cleaner air, and reduced dependence on oil imports), these scenarios could be a net positive for New Zealand before we even consider the carbon reductions. The Innovative NZ scenario pushes the boundaries further with its higher electrification of freight vehicles and greater shift to rail freight. These are a bit speculative and we need more analysis on the feasibility and potential costs.
As shown, the carbon emissions reductions range from 55% in the Resourceful NZ scenario to 71% in Innovative NZ, compared with 2014. Due to the rapid growth in transport emissions since 1990 though, the reductions are less impressive off a 1990 baseline. Even in Innovative NZ, the transport sector would only just exceed its share of meeting the government’s current target of reducing emissions 50% below 1990 levels by 2050.
Virtually all of the emissions reductions come from the light vehicle fleet, which is almost completely decarbonised in Innovative NZ. In fact, total emissions from the rest of the transport sector still grow in Resourceful NZ, and only reduce slightly in Innovative NZ (you can see this by clicking on ‘Light vehicles’ in the graph legend).
I’ve included the emissions from electricity generation allocated based on transport’s share of the total electricity demand. This shows the important interaction between electrifying transport and reducing coal and gas generation. Although transport electricity use is higher in Innovative NZ, the electricity grid is nearly three times cleaner and very close to zero carbon.
EV’s made up just 0.5% of new light vehicle registrations in NZ in 2016. This market share was behind the global share of 0.86%, and way behind leading countries like the Netherlands and Norway, where it was close to 30%. However, it’s growing fast. So far this year, EV registrations are three times higher than in 2016. We’re well on track for the Government’s goal of doubling EVs each year to reach 64,000 by 2021, which will require market share to grow to around 10% by that year.
To realise Vivid’s scenarios we would need that growth to continue, and for virtually all new cars to be electric by 2030. This is based on a continuation of current trends in NZ where the average light vehicle lasts around 19 years before being scrapped, and most travel is done by newer vehicles. It’s ambitious, but the rapid cost reductions described above make it entirely plausible. In fact, India’s energy minister recently unveiled plans aiming to achieve exactly that.
ARE WE IN FOR DISRUPTION?
The elephant in the room here is self-driving vehicles, and their potential to disrupt and profoundly transform our current transport model.
A provocative new report from US think-tank RethinkX boldly predicts that buying a petrol or diesel car will be a thing of the past within eight years, and by 2030 virtually all personal travel will be in self-driving EVs offering “transport-as-a-service”. Their logic is that through the combination of very cheap vehicle running costs, higher utilisation, and no driver to pay, self-driving electric taxi fleets will soon significantly undercut the cost of driving your own car. In other words, even if you already own a car, it will be cheaper to leave it at home and hail a self-driving EV on your phone instead.
It wouldn’t just be cars. The same dynamics would drive big cost reductions in travel by bus (and potentially train), which will still make most sense in larger centres due to space constraints. The report also argues that self-driving trucks will penetrate the freight sector – at least for short-haul freight.
It’s a compelling vision – and one that will have oil industry execs trembling in their boots. But there are myriad issues and risks that society needs to grapple with, which will surely delay ReThinkX’s bullish, techno-utopian predictions. Nonetheless, it’s a question of when, not if, and the potential for near-100% electric passenger transport well before 2050 is very real.
At a less speculative level, electric car sharing schemes are becoming commonplace overseas and beginning to appear in New Zealand (e.g. Mevo in Wellington). These use a subscription-based model where you can book a car on-demand via your smartphone. These will accelerate the transition to EVs because each shared vehicle can effectively replace many individually-owned ones (around 9 to 13 based on US experience).
Putting aside the potential for radical disruption, some of Vivid’s assumptions are conservative in my view, and there is certainly potential to go further.
A 10% reduction in light vehicle travel per person by 2050 is quite modest for starters. For comparison, this fell 7.5% from 2004 to 2012, before growing again in subsequent years. The Ministry of Transport has published scenarios with much larger reductions in vehicle travel. While bigger reductions would make little difference to emissions by 2050 in Innovative NZ (because almost all light vehicles are running on very clean electricity), this could deliver further meaningful cuts in Resourceful NZ. But we also need to think about reducing emissions over the whole time period – not just in 2050. Furthermore, reducing unnecessary vehicle travel has economic and social benefits (like reduced congestion, health gains and more liveable cities).
As we’ve already seen, freight and air travel are the tougher nuts to crack, so it’s the assumptions there that have a bigger impact on emissions in 2050.
Vivid assumed a high rate of freight demand growth to be cautious (they weren’t able to directly model freight demand for their scenarios). A shift towards a more weightless, digital economy could reduce this. However, some changes could work the other way – for example, the big increase in plantation forestry in the scenarios will increase demand for moving logs.
The assumed efficiency improvements in road and rail freight are quite meagre, and this is a clear area where we can and must push harder. The scenarios assume annual efficiency improvements of 0.3-0.4% (before factoring in uptake of electric trucks). However,
from 1990 to 2008 we saw efficiency improvement rates of around 1% for road freight and 3% for rail, in the absence of any meaningful climate policies. Gains can come not only from more efficient vehicles but also, perhaps more significantly, from more efficient operations and logistics (e.g. avoiding running half-empty trucks). Collaboration and systems-thinking are key ingredients, along with technology progress (e.g. hybrid engines and smarter ICT systems). The Sustainable Business Council has set up a Freight Efficiency Group who are doing good work on this.
Domestic air travel has been a remarkable success story to date, with emissions lower than in 1990 despite passenger numbers more than doubling. Vivid assumes both the passenger growth and efficiency trends continue out to 2050. But in a future of increased concern about emissions and significantly higher carbon prices, will growth in air travel continue as it has? Improvements in ‘telepresence’ technologies could also play a vital role in reducing demand – especially for business travel – leading to further emissions cuts.
What about electric trains? Vivid assumed the same level of electrification in 2050 as today. Late last year Kiwirail announced plans to replace its current electric freight trains with diesels – a major step backwards that will increase emissions. Vivid assumed further electrification of the rail network was high cost, but that was largely based on Kiwirail’s statements, which have since been called into question. We really need an independent assessment of long-term costs and benefits of further electrifying the rail network, as our surest prospect for zero carbon long-distance freight.
Electric boats are another real possibility. Norway is home to the world’s first all-electric car ferry (capable of carrying 120 cars and 360 passengers) and has ambitious plans to transition to electric and diesel-hybrid ferries. As technology improves, we could see this becoming a viable option for the Cook Strait ferries and potentially other shipping. Electric airplanes are a bit more far-fetched, but concepts are garnering interest from major companies like EasyJet and Boeing.
Lastly, what about alternative fuels like biofuels and hydrogen – can these provide a solution where electricity doesn’t? Vivid ruled both out on the grounds they will be too expensive and will be outcompeted by electricity.
Part of the cost challenge is infrastructure. Hydrogen in particular requires electrolysis plants to produce it, pipelines or tankers to distribute it, and storage and pumping equipment. Rolling this out nationwide won’t stack up if EVs take over the light vehicle fleet. But targeted applications – e.g. along primary long-distance freight routes, with the hydrogen produced from renewable energy on-site – could be a viable solution. One company in the US has ambitious plans to make this model work.
Wood-based biofuels have been seen as a big opportunity for NZ, but Vivid came out skeptical of the economic case. One challenge is that – perhaps counterintuitively – the success of EVs globally will lead to lower oil prices, making it harder for biofuels to compete (unless compensated by higher carbon prices). Another is that there are competing uses for the wood (including using wood waste for industrial heat). However, given the potential role in tackling difficult areas like air travel, we need continued R&D into wood-based biofuels.
Finally, while the potential scale is small, biofuels from other waste streams can make a contribution at low cost. Z Energy is soon to open its plant in Wiri producing biodiesel from tallow, which could be scaled up to produce 40 million litres per year – about 4% of current heavy vehicle diesel demand. Every bit counts.
With electric vehicles on the rise, complete decarbonisation of passenger transport by mid-century is well within reach. However, we can’t afford to be complacent, and efforts to reduce car dependence and accelerate electric vehicle uptake remain very important. The bigger long-term challenge, though, is in freight and air travel. Under Vivid’s scenarios for 2050, these sectors are still causing similar carbon emissions as they are today – but there are opportunities to go further. This highlights the need for us to look beyond just technology change to behavioural and systemic change – as well as achieving stronger efficiency gains and uptake of new technologies. | <urn:uuid:98e3b9cc-e4ae-4784-a1dc-b666589f372d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pureadvantage.org/electrifying-getting-zero-carbon-transport-new-zealand/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.950601 | 2,839 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Warbird Alley Special
A Flight in a T-33
A Photo Essay by Gordon Feliciano
|My name is Gordon Feliciano. I
am a Private pilot who lives in the beautiful state of Colorado, USA.
On New Year's Eve 2001, I was invited by my friend Roy
to fly in one of his prized possessions -- a pristine Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star based at
nearby Broomfield Jefferson County Airport (KBJC), known locally as "Jeffco."
Roy is a corporate pilot who flies Gulfstream IIIs and Westwind jets when he's not playing
golf, skiing or taking care of his own jet. He bought this airplane about nine years ago,
and it took him eight years of tender loving care to get it into flying shape. After its
extensive restoration, it flew again in 2000.
What follows is a pictorial essay of my
flight in T-33 N514RH.
||On January 31, 2001, I met Roy at his corporate
hangar to begin my adventure. The airplane waited invitingly outside, but first things
first. I was asked to sit down and watch a 30-minute instructional video
the safety features and cockpit procedures for operating the aircraft. After viewing the
video, Roy gave me a thorough ground briefing. Here, we review some of the pertinent
information in the flight manual.
preparation step was to put on our flight suits!
|After a detailed pre-flight inspection of the
exterior and interior of the airplane (and especially a cool airplane like this), it is
always mandatory to hand someone your camera and have them take a "Hero Shot" of
||Roy had me climb into the back seat, then helped
me strap in. There are a lot of buckles, straps and connections to make -- among them are
the parachute harness, seatbelt and shoulder harnesses, helmet, oxygen mask, and
|The back seat of this jet is a snug place, but
then again, it was never intended to be a spacious First Class Lounge. The T-33 was a
trainer, and the back seat was the instructor's seat. It was from here that many flying
lessons (and life lessons) were taught. You can almost feel the history in the seat
||The preflight cockpit check begins with a test
of the oxygen system to ensure proper flow, then a check of the instruments and systems.
The back seat has a complete set of flight instruments, basic engine gauges, and status
lights which show additional information. Many of the controls for the T-33's fuel,
electrical and environmental systems, however, are located only in the front seat, so
there must be a certain element of trust between Front-Seater and Back-Seater.
Time to light the fire!
Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS) was reporting the active runways as 11L and
11R, with a light wind out of the east. The temperature was hovering just above freezing,
but with the cockpit canopy left open during taxi, it felt much colder as the icy wind
sliced right through my flight suit. However, we couldn't have asked for a more brilliant
day to drill some holes in the sky -- it was crystal blue, with a thin layer of winter
haze hovering above us at about 6500 feet thanks to a strong temperature inversion.
With no aircraft in the traffic
pattern (or even near the airport), we were cleared for takeoff on runway 11L. Prior to
brake release, the power was brought up to 80%, then 100%. The engine parameters were
checked, then the brakes were released and we lurched forward. The acceleration was
amazing. At 90 knots indicated airspeed, the nose was pulled up to 5 degrees and we lifted
off. With the landing gear retracted, we accelerated to about 120 knots until we were over
the departure end of the runway. At his point, Roy pulled the nose up into a climbing left
turn to the north as we continued to accelerate. The feeling of it all was just plain
|Our flight took us to the north of Jeffco along
the east side of the Front Range. We kept a close watch out for other traffic, and in a
matter of minutes we were near the Vance Brand Airport in Longmont, Colorado. Through the
haze we spotted a quite a few towplanes and gliders climbing out of the Boulder Municipal
Airport, some of which passed fairly close to us. We were able to spot them and maneuver
away with no problem. After clearing the Denver Class B airspace, we reached our cruising
altitude of 8500 feet and prepared to do a few maneuvers, including steep turns, high
speed climbs and descents, aileron rolls and barrel rolls. We even tried a few zero-G,
weightless pushovers! Soon, the fuel gauge told us it was time to heading back home. With
the tower's permission, we made beautiful low pass, followed by a perfect landing on
||Here, T-33 N514RH poses in the afternoon sun
before being pushed back into its hangar after another fun day of flying.
A flight like this really changes your outlook on things. The adrenaline and
excitement stay with you a long time. I consider the experience to be the most fun I've
ever had with my clothes on.
Thanks to Gordon for his
photos and story.
If you have photos you'd like to submit,
please see our Submission Information page.
[Back to T-33 Page]
© 2003 The Doublestar Group, All Rights
All images are used with permission of the original photographer(s).
Please respect their work by not downloading and using these images
for any purpose other than your own non-commercial enjoyment. | <urn:uuid:6d99641b-c4f5-4901-ba31-56536dc1c879> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.warbirdalley.com/articles/t33-sf.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.959785 | 1,297 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Remembrance of Noble Actions
Page from “Chesterfield supplement”. Courtesy of the Library of Virginia
Though most official military records make scant reference to physical appearance of soldiers, there are a few documents that do. Size rolls, while primarily meant to list soldiers’ heights, sometimes include descriptions of hair, eyes, and skin color. Among the more remarkable of these is the so-called “Chesterfield supplement,” delineating the physical attributes as well as the birthplaces of the enlistees.
John Scesux Engraved Powder Horn, 1750-1785. DAR Museum Collection
Some Native Americans had no other choice than to side with the colonists. Although they were pacifists, John Scesux and other members of the Christian Brotherton community of Rhode Island were forced to prove their loyalty to the colonists or risk death and further displacement. The Brotherton community was comprised of displaced Native Americans of Algonquian roots who converted to Christianity from the New England area. Scesux mustered into Captain John Babcock’s Company in the Rhode Island Regiment of Battalion in March of 1778, to serve one year. After serving as a patriot in the American Revolution, John Scesux served the Brotherton Community as a trustee. He died in 1807 after the community relocated to New York. Eventually, the entire community was forced to relocate again to Wisconsin.
Portrait of Guy Johnson and Karonghyontye, Benjamin West. Courtesy of the National Gallery of Art, Washington.
This portrait of Guy Johnson, British Superintendent of Indian Affairs of the Northern Department, and Karonghyontye (also known as David Hill) was painted in England in 1776. Johnson’s nephew Sir William Johnson, who had served in the same position and in 1759, married Molly Brant, sister of Joseph Brant, an influential Mohawk leader. Brant used his influence to persuade the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois Confederacy) to fight for the British. This ultimately came in 1777, when Clan Mothers accepted British promises to maintain supply lines to the nations. Formal nation-level agreements aside, Native towns were often divided in their loyalties, nearly half of Oneidas sided with the British, Tuscaroras and some Onondagas and Mohawks supported the Americans.
A General Map of the Middle British Colonies in America, Lewis Evans, printed in 1771 for by Carington Bowles. Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division.
This map of eight of the British colonies shows the locations of some of the Native nations living in the area.
Reproduction of Dunmore’s proclamation. Courtesy of the Library of Virginia.
In November 1775, Virginia’s royal governor Lord Dunmore offered freedom to enslaved men who would join him in fighting the colonists. Dunmore’s Proclamation declared martial law and invited those enslaved by the rebellious Americans (not those of loyalists) to join him: “And I do hereby further declare all indented [sic] Servants, Negroes, or others, (appertaining to Rebels,) free that are able and willing to bear Arms, they joining His MAJESTY’S Troops as soon as may be.” Word quickly spread, and, although estimates of the total numbers differ, at least 400 enslaved men joined Dunmore’s troops. Some of these men formed Dunmore’s “Ethiopian Regiment,” outfitted with uniforms emblazoned with the motto “Liberty to Slaves.”
Document describing Connecticut slave Toney as a substitute. Courtesy of Fairfield Archives, Fairfield, CT.
In this document, fifteen citizens of Fairfield, Connecticut, attest that they purchased an enslaved man named Toney from Abel Gold, for the purpose of having him serve in the Continental Army. For this service, they promised him his freedom. Having been accepted by the Muster Master, Toney is now free “from us, our Heirs, . . . forever” — that is providing that Toney remains a “good and faithfull soldier.” Otherwise, “this writing be void.” Toney’s choice to remain in the army was not his own; the document required him to serve for a minimum of three years or be forced back into slavery.
Ned Griffin’s Petition to the General Assembly of North Carolina, April 21, 1784. Courtesy of the State Archives of North Carolina Office.
In North Carolina, Edwin (Ned) Griffin, served in place of his owner, William Kitchen, in exchange for his freedom. Kitchen purchased Griffin from his previous enslaver for the sole purpose of using him as a substitute in the Continental Army. At war’s end, Griffin was not emancipated and had to sue for his freedom. In this document, Ned Griffin outlines the circumstances of his enlistment, and states that, contrary to the agreement made in 1781, at war’s end his owner William Kitchen sold him to “a certain Abner Roberson.” Griffin appeals to the legislature, “hoping that I shall have that Justice done me as you in your Wisdom shall think I am Intitled to.” The General Assembly freed Ned Griffin later that year, by an Act of Emancipation.
George Washington by John Trumbull. Courtesy Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Bequest of Charles Allen Munn, 1924
In 1780, artist John Trumbull painted George Washington accompanied by an enslaved, liveried servant wearing a turban. Historians believe this young man is William Lee, the General’s valet.
The Washington Family, Edward Savage. Courtesy of the National Gallery of Art, Washington.
Other enslaved people accompanied their owners, often doing the same work for them that they did at home. Among the most famous of these enslaved men was William Lee, George Washington’s personal servant. Lee lived out his life at Mt.Vernon, and was buried in the slave cemetery there.
Bill of Sale for drumheads, Prince Hall. Courtesy of the Massachusetts State Archives
Prince Hall was a formerly enslaved man who worked as a leather dresser. In 1777, he billed Col. Thomas Crafts’ regiment of artillery for drumheads he supplied. James Ross, drum major of that regiment, signed the invoice.
Page from Virginia Auditor of Public Accounts Entry 218, Revolutionary War Service Page, List of Officers who Received Certificates.” Courtesy of The Library of Virginia
This page from the Virginia State Auditor’s accounts shows that a Colonel Newton received a certificate for William Flora’s service during the Revolution, presumably to be given to Flora. When hostilities began, William Flora joined a local militia and fought valiantly at the Battle of Great Bridge outside Norfolk on Dec. 9, 1775. Later he joined the 15th Virginia Regiment and served to the war’s end.
“A List of the Names of the Provincials who were Killed and Wounded”. Courtesy of the Massachusetts Historical Society.
From the beginning of the Revolutionary War, men of color fought for the American cause. This undated broadside lists the names of those killed and wounded at Lexington and Concord, April 19, 1775. Among the wounded is “Prince Easterbrooks (A Negro Man).” Easterbrook went on to serve eight years in the militia and Continental Army. Upon dissolution of the Continental Army, Easterbrook returned to Lexington.
Mohican Indian in Stockbridge militia at White Plains, NY, watercolor sketch, 1778 from Johann von Ewald Diary. Reproduction Courtesy Bloomsburg University, Andruss Library Special Collections, the Joseph Tustin Papers.
Hessian officer Johann von Ewald drew this sketch of a scout from Stockbridge, Massachusetts, serving in a militia unit under the command of Mohican Abraham Nimham, and encamped in 1778 at White Plains and the Bronx, New York. The sketch was done just before the skirmish with British Colonel John Simcoe’s Rangers during which as many as twenty Mohican patriots were killed, including Abraham Nimham and his father.
Lafayette at Yorktown by Jean-Baptiste Le Paon, 1783. Courtesy of Lafayette College Art Collection, Gift of Helen Fahnstock Hubbard in Memory of her husband, John Hubbard.
The Black man in this portrait of the Marquis de Lafayette is believed to be James Armistead, who later took the last name Lafayette. He was an enslaved man from New Kent County, Virginia, who served Lafayette as a double agent in the camps of British Generals Benedict Arnold and Charles Cornwallis, near Portsmouth and Yorktown, Virginia.
Certificate by Lafayette commending James Armistead Lafayette’s service. Reproduction courtesy of the Massachusetts Historical Society
Before leaving America in 1784 the Marquis de Lafayette wrote a certificate for James (not yet known as Lafayette), commending him for his work as a spy. James had secured a position as Cornwallis’ servant and sent information to Lafayette concerning the British troop strength and plans.
The certificate reads:
“This is to certify that the bearer by the name of James has done essential services to me while I had the honour to command in this State. His intelligences from the enemy’s camp were industriously collected and more faithfully delivered. He properly acquitted himself with some important communications I gave him and appears to be entitled to every reward his situation can admit of. Done under my hand, Richmond, November 21st, 1784. LaFayette”
Powder horn carved by Garshom Prince, 1761. Courtesy of the Courtesy of the Luzerne County Historical Society
It is unclear whether Garshom (or Gershom) Prince was enslaved by or a hired servant of Captain Robert Durkee. The inscriptions on his powder horn indicate that he fought during the French and Indian War as well as in the American Revolution. He was killed at the Battle of Wyoming in Pennsylvania in 1778, along with Durkee. He carved this powder horn during the French and Indian War and made inscriptions and engravings on it, including when, where, and for whom (himself) he made the horn.
Bucks of America regimental flag, silk, 1776-1780. Courtesy of the Massachusetts Historical Society
The Bucks of America was an all-Black militia company from Massachusetts probably led by African American Colonel George Middleton. They do not appear in any official military records of the war and little is known of their service. The regiment received this flag from Governor John Hancock, at a ceremony in Boston near the end of the American Revolution. The flag has 13 stars for the colonies, a buck, and pine tree as symbols of their regiment.
Bucks of America Badge, medallion, 1776-1780. Courtesy of the Massachusetts Historical Society
Bucks of America regiment members received and wore this badge inscribed with their initials (for example the “M.W.” on this one).
The Battle of Oriskany. Newspaper account from the Pennsylvania Journal and the Weekly Advertiser, September 3, 1777. Courtesy of the Library Company of Philadelphia.
This account of the battle between “General Harkeman [sic] and the enemy at Oneyda Creek” describes the actions of a “friendly Indian” and his family who killed a large number of British soldiers. After the unnamed “Indian” was shot through the wrist, his wife, on horseback, fought by his side “with pistols.” Oneida oral tradition recounts that this unnamed Native American was Hanyere, Oneida leader and long-time foe of the British ally, Joseph Brant.
Although the Battle of Oriskany was not a clear-cut victory for either side, it forced the British General Barry St. Leger to retreat and prevented his troops from reaching Saratoga. In retaliation for the Oneida’s support of the Americans during the Battle of Oriskany, Mohawks allied with the British destroyed the Oneida village of Oriska.
John Neptune, portrait by Obadiah Dickenson. Portrait of Penobscot Lieutenant Governor John Neptune (1836) Collections of the Maine State Museum (#79.40.283).
When his portrait was painted in 1836, John Neptune was a Lieutenant Governor of the Penobscots. During the American Revolution, he was one of many Penobscot men who fought for the Americans, helping defend Maine’s frontier from British incursions from Canada.
Recommendation of Salem Poor for bravery. Courtesy of the Massachusetts State Archives
After Salem Poor’s service during the Battle of Bunker Hill where he reportedly killed British Lieutenant Colonel James Abercrombie, fourteen officers signed this document. Poor was a Black man from Massachusetts who also served at the Battle of White Plains and endured the crushing winter of 1777-78 at Valley Forge.
Drawing of Catawba Indian. Courtesy of the South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
The Catawba Nation of the Carolinas after having much of their land taken from them by white settlers, had come to depend on the colonial government for protection against their enemies, the Cherokee and the Haudenosaunee. Catawba warriors fought alongside the English during the French and Indian War. This drawing from the period of the American Revolution is of a Catawba warrior identified as “Captain Redhead.” There are at least two men named “Readhead” listed as American soldiers from the Catawba Nation.
Letter from [J.] M. Varnum to George Washington, 2 January 1777. Courtesy of the Library of Congress, George Washington papers
In his letter, General James Varnum, a Rhode Island lawyer prior to the war, proposed combining the two Rhode Island regiments and included a Black battalion. “It is imagined that a Battalion of Negroes can be easily raised there.” He named Colonel Christopher Greene and Lieutenant Colonel Jeremiah Olney as the “field officers” to command the unit.
Muster Roll of Capt. Thomas Arnold Camp for 1st Battalion of Rhode Island Forces in Service of the United States Commanded by Col. Christopher Greene. Courtesy of the Rhode Island Historical Society, Providence, Francis Green. Muster Roll of Captain Theodore Arnolds – Month of March 1779, East Greemwich, RI. April 1, 1779; ink on paper manuscript, MSS 673 B6 F29
This muster roll for the month of March 1779, lists the names of the members of an all-Black battalion.
Discharge Certificate for Brister Baker
Brister (or Bristol) Baker, a Black man, was a member of 2nd Connecticut Regiment during the American Revolution. George Washington signed his honorable discharge certificate. In 1855, William Cooper Nell reproduced the certificate in his book, Colored Patriots of the American Revolution.
Pewter plate. Courtesy of Revolutionary Spaces.
This 18th-century pewter plate (one of a three-piece set) belonged to Jeffery Hartwell (Jesse Freeman), a Black soldier from Bedford, Massachusetts. He entered the local militia as the substitute for his enslaver, Joseph Hartwell. He later served in a number of Massachusetts regiments until discharged in 1779.
James Armistead Lafayette by John B. Martin. Courtesy of The Valentine, https://thevalentine.org.
James Armistead Lafayette served the Marquis de Lafayette during the American Revolution as a double agent. This portrait shows him as an older man, fashionably dressed in a blue coat with gold buttons decorated with eagles and likely painted around the time of the Marquis de Lafayette’s visit to the United States in 1824.
Receipt for blankets and clothing with list of Oneidas. Courtesy of the New York State Archives. New York (State). Comptroller’s Office. Selected audited accounts of state civil and military officers, 1780-1858. Series A0802-78, Volume 15, p. 70b..
In 1792, a group of Oneidas received “fifty blankets and two suits of Indian clothing” as a gratuity for special services during the American Revolution. The names of twenty-two warriors are affixed to the document, along with their marks.
Emancipation document for Austin Dabney. Courtesy of the Georgia State Archives, Georgia Archives, RG 37-1-15, ah00006.
Austin Dabney was an enslaved man from Georgia who joined the Georgia militia as a substitute for Richard Aycock, his enslaver. He served in the artillery under Lieutenant Colonel Elijah Clark. In 1786, in recognition of his service, the state of Georgia paid Aycock for Dabney’s emancipation and granted him two hundred and fifty acres of land as a bounty for his services, he is the only Black veteran of the American Revolution from Georgia to receive land from the state.
Treaty of Fort Stanwix, 1784. Courtesy of the Library of Congress.
The Treaty of Paris of 1783 that ended the war with England made no provision for the Native American combatants. The Treaty of 1784 at Stanwix, between the United States and the Haudenosaunee, ended hostilities between the United States, its allies the Oneidas and Tuscaroras, and the four nations that sided with the British, the Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, and Onondaga. Representatives of all six nations signed the treaty.
Guy Johnson’s map of Indian lands. Courtesy of the New York Public Library
Guy Johnson drew this map for the British governor of New York, William Tryon. On it he located the Six Nations of the confederacy: the Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, Mohawk, and Tuscarora. Most of these nations felt a deep loyalty to Sir William Johnson, who died in 1774, and subsequently to members of his family. They were also motivated by complicated and sometimes conflicting incentives, including land and economics. The Treaty of Fort Stanwix confirmed the possession of the lands of the Oneidas and Tuscaroras, and drew new boundaries for the other four nations, the Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, and Oneida.
Portrait of Good Peter, John Trumbull, 1792. Courtesy of Yale University Art Gallery, Trumbull Collection.
Oneida Chief Good Peter learned that New York Governor George Clinton and others were gradually taking the Oneida’s land in the name of saving it. Good Peter brought the case to the State of New York which conveniently decided that Clinton and others had purchased the land thereby dispossessing the Oneidas.
Reproduction wampum belt. Photograph courtesy of the Carnegie Museum.
Belts of shell beads, called wampum, were used to seal contracts by both Native nations and colonial governments. The original belt, called the “George Washington Covenant Belt,” was commissioned by the new United States government and is believed to have sealed the Canandaigua Treaty of 1794. The original is in the custody of the Onondaga Nation.
Annuity Cloth. Courtesy of the Oneida Indian Nation.
The Treaty of Canandaigua was signed November 11, 1794 between the United States and member nations of the Haudenosaunee (“Iroquois”) Confederacy. Over 200 years later, the treaty, like the U.S. Constitution, remains a living document. Though the agreement has been strained and terms of the treaty violated, its ideals are still upheld; the promise of friendship, peace, and lasting recognition of Native American sovereignty between the nations. There are commemorations in Canandaigua, New York, held each year by the Haudenosaunee people to mark the anniversary of the treaty. As a symbol of the tangible bond between the nations, the United States sends the Oneida, Seneca, Cayuga and Onondaga bundles of annuity cloth, like the ivory muslin here. Oneida Members for generations have accepted their pieces of “treaty cloth,” and it is still disbursed annually to the population of about 1,000 Oneidas in New York.
Elizabeth Freeman miniature portrait by Susan Anne Livingston Ridley Sedgwick, 1811, Courtesy of the Collection of the Massachusetts Historical Society
Elizabeth Freeman in 1781 and Quock Walker in 1783, sued for their freedom arguing the principles of the American Revolution and the Massachusetts Constitution of 1780’s phrase that all men are “born free and equal.” These cases lead to the end of slavery in Massachusetts in 1783.
Reproduction of The Bloody Massacre, by Henry Pelham. Courtesy of the American Antiquarian Society
As the gun smoke cleared on March 5, 1770, five men lay dead, among them was Crispus Attucks. Images of the “Boston Massacre” were available for sale on the city’s streets almost immediately after the event took place. Paul Revere, silversmith and engraver, published his version of the “bloody massacre” after copying an engraving by Henry Pelham only twenty-one days after the event. Pelham’s engraving was published after Revere’s and is nearly identical. Neither shows a Black man among the dead and wounded. Attucks is described in contemporary accounts as mulatto. Crispus Attucks’ mother was Native American, a member of the Massachuset Nation, and his father is believed to be African.
The Boston Massacre, c. 1856, chromolithograph by John Bufford after William L. Champney. Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration.
This nineteenth century view of the Boston Massacre is obviously based on the Pelham and Revere engravings of 1770, and somewhat resembles the engraving in Nell’s history. In this version, Crispus Attucks is clearly the central figure, shown at the moment he is shot. Boston abolitionists, both Black and white, celebrated Crispus Attucks day – March 5 – for many years prior to the Civil War.
Colored Patriots of the American Revolution, William Cooper Nell, 1856. Courtesy of Howard University, Moorland-Spingarn Research Center.
William Cooper Nell’s book and pamphlet were the first publications gathering together the names and stories of Black patriots.
General Francis Marion Inviting A British Officer to Dinner, engraving by J.N. Gimbrede after painting by John Blake White, 1845. Anne S.K. Military Collection, Brown University Library
This mid-19th century engraving of an earlier painting shows General Francis Marion, the “Swamp Fox” of South Carolina and representations of others who served under him. Two Black men, one preparing food and the other tending a horse are included in the scene. Marion waged a guerrilla war in the southern theater of operations during the American Revolution. Both free and enslaved Black men served in combat roles in Marion’s forces.
The Battle of Cowpens, William Ranney, 1845. Courtesy the Collection of the State of South Carolina
Artist William Ranney’s narrative picture shows the American cavalry commander William Washington (on white horse) as he tangles with the British cavalry leader Banastre Tarleton (on black horse) at the end of the January 17, 1781 battle. At the moment depicted, the Black trumpeter with a gun on the far left saves Washington by wounding the British officer who was about to attack him (to Tarleton’s right).
The Passage of the Delaware, Thomas Sully, 1819. Courtesy of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
Nearly a half century after the event, Thomas Sully painted a romantic version of Washington, attended by several horsemen, apparently having crossed the Delaware on the way to Trenton. One of Washington’s attendants is Black.
Washington Crossing the Delaware, 1851, Emmanuel Leutze. Courtesy of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Thirty-two years after Sully, Emmanuel Leutze painted his monumental image of Washington in a boat on the way across the Delaware River. Among the oarsmen is a Black man long identified as Prince Whipple, an enslaved Portsmouth, New Hampshire, man who may actually have been an African prince, according to William Cooper Nell. Nell was incorrect in identifying the oarsman as Whipple. Although Prince Whipple did serve in the Revolution, and fought in several battles, he was not at Trenton with George Washington. Emmanuel Leutze completed his original canvas in Germany in 1851, five years before the publication of Nell’s book. This image is now an icon of American history, and the figure of the Black oarsman is emblematic of many long-forgotten patriots.
Photograph of Holdridge Primus, grandson of Dr. Primus. Courtesy of the Connecticut Historical Society, Photograph of Holdridge Primus, 1983.27.1.
Doctor Primus was a Revolutionary War soldier from Connecticut who, after the war became one of the first professionally trained Black doctors. He learned his profession as an apprentice to his enslaver, Dr. Alexander Wolcott of Windsor, Connecticut. Literate, he signed his name on his manumission documents “Dr. Primus Manumit.” Over the next three generations the Primus family attained middle class status and education, founding the Primus Institute in Talbot County, Maryland to educate newly free people following the American Civil War.
In a letter to her parents in 1867, Rebecca describes her new school:
“We are now building a schoolhouse 34 by 24 ft. which is expected to be completed by the first of October. It is of wood & is being fitted up as comfortably & nicely as other schoolhouse. It will probably cost a little of $400.00. We’ve already paid over $300.00 & $200.00 of this sum were furnished us by our Hartford friends & sympathizers. The recipients know not how to fully express their gratitude for this munificent gift. They are all just beginning life as it were for many of them were made free by the Emancipation Act-for which they revere the name of “Abraham Lincoln.” But they are industrious, & hopeful of the future, their interest in the school is unabated & many of them deny themselves in order to sustain it.”
Rebecca later returned to Hartford and married. She continued to teach at the Talcott Street Church school.
Ancestor’s Service Record for Nero Hawley. Courtesy of Hugh B. Price, Hugh B. Price, President and CEO of the National Urban League: 1994–2003, Great-great-great-great grandson of Nero Hawley.
When James and Augustus Hawley applied for membership in the Sons of the Revolution in the State of Connecticut, they filled out their ancestor’s service, detailing Nero Hawley’s military career.
Widow’s Pension Certificate. Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration
Dempsey Stewart was a free Black man who enlisted in the 1st North Carolina Regiment for a period of eighteen months. After the war, he lived in Greensville County, Virginia where he married Lucy Berry. They settled in Brunswick County, Virginia, where they purchased at least 144 acres of land. At the time of his death in 1848, his two daughters were living in Indiana. He left his Brunswick County farm to John Stewart, who was to care for Dempsey’s widow Lucy. | <urn:uuid:0a67b988-3c47-43cd-a0f7-1e5559a27da6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://honoringourpatriots.dar.org/e-pluribus-unum/artifacts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.955604 | 5,815 | 3.734375 | 4 |
Middle Eastern America and the Theatre of Belonging
While visiting New York City for research, I happen upon a makeshift police checkpoint while strolling up Fifth Avenue. Adjusting my path to avoid it, I hear projected on repeat, “This way for Trump and Tiffany’s.” There stands Trump Tower, glistening atop murky, day old snow. Boasting a redundancy of task and intention in its title—it towers. The view from its highest floors reveals below those denied permission to walk the literal same ground as the structure’s inhabitants. Intense public resources are invested in maintaining patrol of this border—a perimeter guarding symbols of prosperity—and access seems granted only to those possessing the passport of affluence.
In a contrasting NYC experience, I attended a diverse gathering of artists, scholars, and theatregoers who welcomed one another in warmth and celebration. Noor Theatre, recipients of a 2016 Obie Award for their devoted production of Middle Eastern American (MEA) projects, hosted a reading of Heather Raffo’s newest play Noura. Directed by Joanna Settle, and featuring Dahlia Azama, Caitlin Cassidy, Peter Ganim, Fajer Al-Kaisi, Heather Raffo, and Logan Settle Rishard, Noura explores an Arab-American immigrant’s sense of belonging and home. The play’s Iraqi-American envisioning of Ibsen’s A Doll’s House emerged from Raffo’s discussions with women in Arab-American communities of NYC, and their story sharing as inspired by reading the play.
We have a profound experience—together—and stand for each other in a way you don’t often see in media representation of Middle Eastern people. Being in a room together…shifts things. —Lameece Issaq
The event was part of Noor’s Highlight Reading Series. While speaking with Founding Artistic Director Lameece Issaq, she tells me:
[Theatre] puts everybody in a room together…listening, talking, or engaging in similar emotions—it’s impactful and long-lasting…a profound experience in the theatre, it starts to change how you perceive things. We’ve been saying this for a long time—the impact of telling Middle Eastern stories, post-9/11, seeing more clearly how Middle Easterners are demonized in media and television, and seeing that grow—and when we reached this sort of tipping point around the election, it wasn’t new to us.
Issaq continues on the importance of gathering and collaborating on self-representative theatre, especially now in America:
The election is a sort of hyper-representation of what we’ve been talking about for years. So, I think the impact of live theatre is profound. We get in a room together. We grieve together, talking with our Iraqi friends about what’s going on in Mosul, with our Syrian friends about what’s going on in Aleppo, or our Palestinian friends about what’s happening in Gaza. We have a profound experience—together—and stand for each other in a way you don’t often see in media representation of Middle Eastern people. Being in a room together…shifts things. We aren’t stuck behind our screens and in our anger, grief, or fear but are coming together and doing something unifying, healing, and hopefully transformative.
The activism inherent in these gatherings is also reflected in the work they help generate. Heather Raffo, known for her award-winning 9 Parts of Desire, recently wrote the libretto for Iraq war opera Falluja. These previous works, as well as Noura, are deeply political. In a recent interview, she spoke with me about the politics in her plays:
Being Arab and American is being polarized. So, now Americans are polarized for just being American. But, they didn’t know it before. Now, they feel it. So, they know that just walking down the street they can feel torn in two…It’s political to be divided within oneself—or just torn, stretched…you’ve got characters that are pulled taught with all they’re carrying.
The Noura reading concluded with a reception where Raffo mingled and Issaq “dai-ye’fet” (offered) refreshment of “manou’che” to guests—gestures of hospitality also serving as political acts: including, sharing, nourishing, saying “I invite you. You may seek refuge here.”
Theatre exists as replicable relics of sociopolitical moments. MEA theatre includes impassioned stories of diasporic and bi-cultural lived experiences, emerging with significant momentum. My divergent NYC experiences held special poignancy set on the backdrop of that site in this historical moment. Xenophobic sentiment, especially to Middle Eastern and Muslim Americans, awakened with new ferocity post-election 2016, amid media coverage on Syrian refugees, and the recent imperial autographing of immigration bans, demonstrating the vital need and relevance of MEA theatre—the movement’s existence is a form of resistance.
In live performance, the politics of the bodies and voices in the work seep out, read and interpreted by the gaze of audience and society… All Middle Eastern American theatre is political theatre when performed on a backdrop of 2017 America.
Compatriots in my MEA artistic cohort often express concern with the tendency of theatre season selection to consolidate artists of color, forcing all to vie for limited “multicultural” slots. Organizations like Noor, Golden Thread Productions, Mixed Blood Theatre, and Silk Road Rising serve on the frontlines of combatting that, spotlighting the work of MEA artists, with increasing numbers of performers and playwrights offering their stories. Raffo also shared with me on MEA theatre, “It’s a genre now and it wasn’t. So, this is massive. I think the next round is equal parts main stage productions…and expanding to directors and designers of Middle Eastern descent. That would be radical.”
Others in the MEA theatre community have less interest in work thematically addressing the overtly political, government, dogma, or war. Where do they fit into a politically underpinned theatre movement? In live performance, the politics of the bodies and voices in the work seep out, read and interpreted by the gaze of audience and society. The environment and social climate in which a piece of theatre exists contributes to its radical nature as influentially as its plot. All Middle Eastern American theatre is political theatre when performed on a backdrop of 2017 America.
Not all self-representational works are helpful to a revolution. Not a MEA work but extremely successful, Ayad Akhtar’s Pulitzer prize-winning Disgraced, reveals a man of South Asian and Muslim descent engaging in deception and explosive violence. Its critical acclaim means accepting this portrayal as authentic without regard for its potential as palpably dangerous. Fortunately, much other emergent work reveals a balance of empathy, dignity, and flaws, informing the American theatre conversation on Islam and the Middle East with necessary counter narratives. These works and their creators challenge the commodification of identity, resisting the grotesque commercial potential of making villains out of people. Middle Eastern American theatre as a movement in this social climate, especially in NYC, generates an agent, potent, and audacious proclamation of our presence as Americans. | <urn:uuid:04351383-acd5-4e3a-98f9-256cafe60372> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://howlround.com/middle-eastern-america-and-theatre-belonging | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.943319 | 1,565 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Iron Sharpening IronRich Stigall
Several years ago a Youth Pastor cared enough to cut through the noise and pour Truth into a young man. He connected with him, invested in him, pointed him to Jesus, and set his life on a God-honoring course. This young man chose a profession of helping people and took his nursing skills to Haiti to care for the least of these. As an adult, Erik Bayer sought out his former Youth Pastor, John Nadasi, to thank him. “You inspired me,” Erik said with gratitude.
More recently, Erik and his wife, Jamie, walked a deep valley. Their daughter, Ivy, went straight to glory. In their pain, their love for their daughter and their faith in the promises of Jesus resulted in The Ivy Bayer House of Hope, a place of refuge for orphaned and abandoned children in Haiti. Ivy’s life helps give life to other children. In the process, Erik inspired John.
John Nadasi and his wife are now investing in the lives of orphaned and abandoned children in Haiti. He told us that he wants to travel to Haiti with Erik and serve alongside him.
Like many Christian phrases, Iron Sharpens Iron gets tossed around a lot. That said, just as when one comes face to face with Jesus, we do recognize the real thing when we see it, and we are grateful. Erik and John – iron sharpening iron.
As iron sharpens iron, so one man sharpens another. Proverbs 27:17 | <urn:uuid:fffbe7c0-6bad-430b-97c9-b422a062227a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://goproject.org/iron-sharpening-iron-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.974715 | 312 | 1.585938 | 2 |
There are plenty of things you can use at home to make your own rocket, like sugar, matchsticks, or even trash. They may not be as impressive as a real rocket, but they can still be a lot of fun. In this video, How To Lou shows how he made a high-flying water rocket out of some basic materials like PVC and a soda bottle. As Lou points out, the bigger your soda bottle, the further it will go. He used 1/2" PVC pipe, valves, and connectors, as well as some brass adapters. He added an air compres...
In this tutorial we learn how to lay and ballast O-Scale 3-Rail track. First, lay the track down on a piece of bare plywood. Also, you will paint the wood to prevent it from absorbing liquid when you place glue on it. Put the track down onto a flex bed and then set the flex bed on the wood. From here, place the track onto the road bed and line it up. Make sure the track is centered completely. After this, take a track screw and secure the ends down. Continue to do this throughout the entire t...
If you want to make a really powerful water rocket, one water bottle is not going to give you enough propellant. You're going to have to splice two or more bottles together and do it well enough that they don't come apart. This video will show you exactly how to do it step-by-step.
With a little spare time and and a few items you can find around the house, you can make your own balloon-powered paper car. This is a great and easy DIY project that's perfect for competitive kids. All you'll need to get started is:
This extensive video series is all about making your own simple steam engine and boat, which is known variously as the "putt-putt" or "pop-pop" boat. Science Toy Maker gives the full details on making your own homemade steam engine model boat, which is similar to the one seen in the move "Ponyo".
This video tutorial shows you how to make a simple pop pop boat (putt putt boat) out of house hold items. Very simple and easy to do.
Do you like drinking coffee? It may seem like this question has nothing to do with homemade rockets or fuse paper, but indeed coffee filters - which you should have in ample supply if you enjoy making your own cup of Joe - are the key ingredient in a kick ass construction of fuse paper.
To remove the lexan paint, obtain a bottle of brake fluid. Make sure you read the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for its harmful effects, and put on a pair of gloves to avoid contact with the hands when applying the brake fluid. To remove a large area of paint, pour a little amount of brake fluid onto some paper towel, and rub the area in a circular motion until the lexan paint is completely dissolved and removed from the area. A Q-tip can also be used to remove smaller areas. Apply as muc...
This homemade hairspray-powered PVC rocket takes less than an hour to construct and only costs about 20 dollars to make. Check out my video below for the step-by-step instructions on building your own backyard rocket, and follow the written guide below for reference.
Model airplanes are cool and all, but making them out of your typical 8 1/2 X 11 printer paper isn't going to cut it for long, especially if any sort of rain or misplaced foot is involved. Make your awesome model airplanes even more awesome by crafting them out of sturdy cardboard instead.
If you like making miniature models for their own sake or for use in playing Warhammer and other table top games, there may come a time when you want a shiny new model to look like an old rusty model. If you're working with plastic, you've come to the right place, because this video will show you how to give plastic models a rusty look that will blend them into your post-apocalyptic or just plain derelict scene.
When you're flying your model airplanes, it's inevitable that it will eventually suffer some minor damages, like scuffs, breaks and bends. This video tutorial will help you alleviate and repair any damages to your flying model airplane to get you back in the skies again.
This video demonstrates how to spray paint realistic rock faces on hills and mountains using acrylic paint washes. The process is easy and enhances model train track backgrounds.
Kipkay shows you how to make a basic rocket out of ball bearings and magnets, also called a gaussian gun.
A series on how to build a Mack F series cabover conversion model truck at 1/25 scale. Part 1
What's the best way to pass the time when you're bored beyond your wits? Make things explode, of course! But let's just say that you don't want your house to catch fire. The next best option that you've got is contained within this here video.
You can easily make an inexpensive silicone mold in your kitchen for cheap! This is a great project to do with your kids, or just for fun! You can also use this method to easily make theatrical props and prosthetics.
Optimize vehicle performance by knowing the differences between the different tires available for your RC vehicle. Each type of tire (commonly referred to by the red dot, blue dot or green dot) is optimized for a specific operating temperature range. Knowing about the different temperatures and what tires are best suited for them could be the difference between first place and second. Find out more in this instructional video.
Upgrade the shocks on your RC vehicle to new aftermarket parts with this informative video. This video details how to install the Universal Shock Mounting kit with Proline Power Strokes. Tools needed for this install are a 5.5 driver and a 2.0 hex.
If your RC car tires are lacking some of the rigidity you'd like them to have, check out this video to learn how to strap your tires. You'll need some duct tape and a flat surface, ad then you'll be back at the track ready to eat up the competition with better traction and stability.
In this video, 17mm hex adapters are installed on a Short Course truck. Installing these adapters allows a greater range of wheels and tires to be used on your SC racer vehicle. Squirrel of ProLine demonstrates the installation technique.
In this video, we learn how to build your own stomp rocket out of household materials. Materials you will need are: plastic bottles, bicycle inner tube, 2 feet PVC pipe, duct tape, masking tape, and file folders or card stock. Now, take your PVC pipe and roll paper around it and tape it. Then, remove the paper from the pipe and tape it more so it's completely closed. Then, make your nose cone for the rocket. Place this and the wings onto the rocket in your choice of colors. Then, make the lau...
Working on an RC project, or really anything that involves RC, at some point there's a chance that you will end up breaking your antenna for your receiver. If you're a little lost on how to fix the antenna, have no fear. In this video you will get a tutorial on how to fix various antenna receivers and more!
In this video, we learn how to paint your favorite sports team logo on a racing shell. First, you will take your shell and trace out the logo on it with a Sharpie marker of your choice. Use tape to cover the areas that you don't want marked, so the lines come out cleaner and straighter. After you have done this, paint the logo onto the racing shell with small brushes and your choice of paints. Leave the tape in place until all of the paint has dried. Then, remove the tape from the shell and y...
Columbus Day celebrates Christopher Columbus's voyage to the Americas in 1492. In most of the New World, it's celebrated on the 12th of October, the day Columbus actually discovered the Bahamas. But in the United States, the holiday is observed on the second Monday in October.
There's no better way to celebrate the discovery of the New World than by recreating Christopher Columbus's three ships from the famous voyage— the Niña, Pinta & Santa Maria. In this short ship-building how-to, you'll learn a simple activity for you and your kids, where you'll make miniature ship models of Columbus's boats with egg cups, brown paint, white paper (sails), toothpicks, clay and glue.
In this tutorial, we learn how to detect an air leak in a Nitro RC engine. Air leaks damage your engine which will take your tuning and completely void it. Now, take some soapy water and apply it to your engine and anything that is connected in between. Block off one end of the host where you aren't going to blow into. Find where you think the leak is, then make sure you don't have a cracked tank. Next, make sure everything is sealed and apply soapy water. Blow in the other end of the valve a...
Most really powerful rockets fire their payload in multiple stages to distribute it better. To control the release of each stage, you need staging mechanisms. This video will show you how to make a staging mechanism for a multi-stage water rocket, and references written help here.
Most people who are really serious about rocketry prefer solid-fueled rockets, but if your passion is for water rockets, then this video should help you with your advanced eater rocket project. It will show you how to construct and troubleshoot a 9mm Gardena nozzle to control water flow that costs much less than a storebought one.
If you like the idea of building rockets that will soar through the air like angels but don't want to bother with operating high explosive, it's possible to build pretty darn powerful rockets out of water. This video will show you how to do so very easily out of junk that you probably already have.
This German video is amazing. A joyously analog interpretation and deconstruction of the digital gaming experience. Malte Jehmlich is as primitive and inspiring as the the Vanuatu natives who devoted themselves to cargo worship after World War II!
If you're getting into the hobby of building RC vehicles, there are many different tasks that need to be done before you have a beautiful working, and looking, vehicle. Tires, engine, the body, etc. all can be built from the very start.
In this Hobbies & Toys video tutorial you will learn how to assemble a model rocket for launching. This video will show you how to do this using the Estes Alpha model rocket. For this project you will need the rocket kit, masking tape, glue, sand paper, a knife, scissors and a pencil. First you sample the engine mount, glue it up and set it aside to dry. Next you cut out the fins and sandpaper them together. Then you apply glue on the inside of the tube up to 1 1/2" and push the engine mount ...
In this video, learn how to strip a magnet wire for soldering when making mini-RC cars. This process is incredibly easy to do and you will be surprised how fast it works. So, check this out and assemble your cars faster and easier.
Are you a radio control car enthusiast who's never moved beyond the store-bought toy models from Radio Shack? Then this nine-part series of videos is what you've been waiting for. It breaks down how RC engines work in exhaustive detail, including whole sections on carbs, pipe tuning, fuel mixing, and super chargers, among other topics. You may not be able to put your own RC car together entirely from scratch after this, but you will have a broad, deep understanding of how their engines work a...
Crazy for homemade rockets and other flammable toys? This is your video. In this tutorial, learn a quick and easy way to make a matchstick rocket using a match and foil. These rockets can travel as far at 20 feet, so stand back as your DIY rocket flies!
Is there anything cooler than a water rocket? These things are super easy to make and can shoot distances of up to 50 meters away!
There's nothing like playing outside, especially as a kid. The grass beneath your feet, the blue sky in the air, and the endless amount of possiblity that lies in such a wide open space. This tutorial takes advantage of that space and shows you how to make a simple bottle rocket. Many of the supplies needed are easil found in your home and are usually cheap and inexpensive. So sit back and enjoy! Oh, and please be careful!
In this how to video, you will learn how to create a finger board kicker from simple materials. You will need a saw, wood glue, an index card, and thin wood. First, draw three shapes. The top is a rectangle while the sides are triangles. Put glue on the top of the side pieces and place the top on. Glue the index card at the bottom of the kicker. You can also print a photo of a stop sign on a piece of paper with the index card under it and glue it to the kicker. Once you have done that, your f...
If you want to paint shadow lines on a model care you should first realize that you can pair this technique up with any other technique you want to for different effects. Shadow lines occur when the out lines get thick and it provides a contrast to make something pop out. Shadow lines will focus on the light source. You want your shadow to be realistic so you want to think about where you light source will be. To paint on shadows lines, focus on where the light source is coming from and darke... | <urn:uuid:af405465-f454-405c-9b8d-c847cbc04de4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://toy-models.wonderhowto.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.946478 | 2,848 | 2.421875 | 2 |
NLP (Neuro-Linguistic Programing) is a subjective, forward -thinking methodology, that uses tools and techniques to uncover hidden beliefs, conditioning and memories that prevent us from reaching our peak potential. Just like a computer needs its software to be updated from time to time in order to function at optimum capacity, in the same way our inner beliefs, conditionings need to be re-programmed to align with who we are becoming and where we want to be in life. How we think, feel and process experiences are all understood under this domain. Through NLP, it is possible to achieve excellence in any aspect of your life, be it personal, interpersonal or professional.
In our discovery session, we are offering ICF certified Coaching for any aspect of life:
LIFE COACHING (EMPOWERMENT AND MINDFULNESS: PERSONAL LIFE)
The essence of life is to experience it to its fullest in every area. If you look at career choice, family life, social life, business, finance, spirituality or relationships we look for happiness, contentment and success. NLP Life Coaching helps you understand yourself better. Unlock your unconscious biases, beliefs, conditioning, patterns, memories and gives you tools to let go of them.
How it can help you personally:
- Ease fear/phobias, anxiety and states of panic/stress.
- Learn to deal with negative emotions (fear, guilt, anger, jealousy, grief) and negative self-talk.
- Become aware of your resources and possibilities.
- Reprogram your mind with new behaviors.
- Realign yourself with new values and beliefs that serve you.
- Get rid of habits.
- Intervention to deal with uncomfortable situations.
- Learn to build and manage a strong relationship with yourself.
- Empower yourself to become successful in any area of life.
- Improve your communication skills.
- Learn dynamic projection.
- Learn to Present yourself more confidently.
LIFE COACHING (EMPOWERMENT AND MINDFULNESS: INTERPERSONAL LIFE)
Interpersonal coaching can help you set relationship goals, in personal areas of life. It helps you understand your current partnership, thrive inside your marriage, grieve a lost loved-one, and much more. It gives you the tools to let go of what makes you unhappy and embrace the positives that come with being in relationships.
How it can help you interpersonally/ socially:
- Learn to build and manage strong relationships with others.
- Help you understand your current partnerships, relationships, etc.
- Set realistic goals and expectations from the relationships in your life.
- Help you create healthy boundaries.
- Help you deal with socially induced stress or anxiety attacks.
- Gain new perspective about yourself and the relationships in your life.
- Learn to deal with unfortunate circumstances like breakups, loss of a loved one, etc. | <urn:uuid:ceeaac13-bb94-4ad4-b769-1d88314ec775> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://uturnyourlife.wordpress.com/discovery-session-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.904172 | 602 | 1.804688 | 2 |
Images; sizing and optimising
You can of course use Photoshop or Affinity Photo to edit your images.
There are two are free packages that make it easy to 'size and optimize' your images before uploading to your website.
The free image manipulation programme with some great tutorials can be found at GIMP.
A great free image and photo editing software can be found at PAINT.NET.
A really useful onscreen ruler can be found at JR RULER.
PIXIE COLOUR PICKER
A really useful free tool for sampling colours can be found at PIXIE.
Beaver Builder page builder
We use Beaver Builder as our preferred WordPress page builder. It's easy and make editing content user friendly.
You can try the online demo to test this out.
SEO - search engine optimisation
Search engine optimisation is a huge subject - too large to cover here. But a great resource to learn the basics can be found at the Moz Beginners Guide to SEO.
It's particularly useful to check out the On Page SEO chapter to learn about good naming for images, using Headings and Meta Tags. | <urn:uuid:a8d39980-925c-485e-b1da-f25394548aa3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ljnwebdesign.co.uk/wordpress-websites/resources/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.86067 | 253 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Promotion of goods and services through social media is very popular all around the world. SMM’s goal is to use social media to gain clients’ attention. To put it another way, this is the seller’s job on social media platforms to attract new customers and sell them your service or product. The benefits of using social media are so significant that anyone who isn’t taking advantage of this low-cost resource is missing out on a fantastic marketing opportunity. Let’s take a closer look at the goals, features, and most popular Social Media Marketing approaches (SMM). Social Media Marketing Course in Chennai at FITA Academy will teach you what is SMM in Digital Marketing?
Unique Characteristics Of Social Media Marketing
This sort of advertising is popular because social networks have a large number of users, a high ability to pick candidates who meet the desired criteria, and it can all be done for a low cost.
The labour, on the other hand, is tiresome and necessitates a unique approach. To comprehend each client’s preferences, it’s vital to communicate with them on an equal footing. You’ll need a text, a creative image, and a compelling offer.
Stages of successful social network work include:
- Define the promotion objectives.
- Consumers and customers should be thoroughly researched.
- Choose platforms for successful brand promotion.
- Examine the actions of your competition.
- Find out what customers want.
- Keep a close eye on the work you’re doing.
Techniques Of social media marketing (SMM)
- The first method entails the development of official pages and groups for the purpose of promoting a brand (company). Subscribers pass forth information about the company and its products, as well as an invitation to join the club. People who have subscribed go to the company’s official website and read it before making purchases.
You should constantly draw attention to the website and make it stand out. Text, visuals, and aphorisms can all be used to do this.
Every social media platform has its own set of users. Looking at the most popular social networks, you can say that Facebook caters to a younger demographic, Linkedin caters to business professionals, Instagram caters to women’s goods, Twitter caters to blogs and news, Telegram caters to business products, brands, and services, and YouTube caters to video advertising.
- The second strategy is to communicate and collaborate with bloggers and community owners. When a business partner communicates with the company, the brand and resources are advertised as a link to the company.
- The third strategy is to keep your reputation intact. It is vital to keep track of the company’s feedback and suggestions. If the evaluations are negative, it is critical to smooth them out and persuade the critic of the goods’ distinctiveness.
- The fourth option is to create your own program, which anyone can download and use to learn a lot of new topics. Soft information about the company and its products is contained in these files, which is not particularly relevant.
In any case, Social Media Marketing is a means to use social media to promote a brand or company, inform customers about products and services, and make people happier. Here in this blog, we discussed about what is SMM and how social media marketing works and to learn more about SMM in digital marketing, join Social Media Marketing Online Course at FITA Academy. | <urn:uuid:2ed41ea0-54a7-4e46-a7d4-78976beca1a1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.smart-writing.com/what-is-social-media-marketing-and-how-it-works/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.931391 | 723 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Transparent glass-skinned animals are found throughout the world, from frogs to fish and butterflies, and most often use their translucent skin as a defense against predators.
You’ve probably heard a lot about the ability of some animals to blend in with their surroundings by choosing colors, stripes, spots and patterns that give them natural camouflage. What about becoming completely transparent? Transparent animals have also evolved in response to their environment and literally hide from their prey in plain sight. From butterflies to fish, frogs, snails and more, the transparency of nature can be found in the sky and in the deep waters of the seas. Most often, transparency occurs in these animals at a young age and may disappear as they mature, but some species retain their transparency throughout their lives.
Let’s learn a little more about the different types of transparent, glassy animals that lurk around us.
Transparent butterfly with glass wings
Butterflies of the Greta Oto species are usually called clear-winged or glass butterflies.
Glass butterflies are found from Mexico to Panama and also in Ecuador and have a wingspan of 5.6 to 6.1 cm wide.
It is believed that their transparent wings make these butterflies less visible in flight. Unlike other animal species, the glasswing butterfly does not have colored scales, so the tissue between the veins of its wings looks like glass.
The glass-winged butterfly (Greta oto) looks like it has pieces of glass in its wings, like in a colorless stained glass window. The tips of the wings of this butterfly are colored, while the rest of the parts are transparent. Due to the special nanostructure, the wings of this butterfly do not reflect light. It consists of a “chaotic” arrangement of columnar structures of various sizes and shapes. The wings are so efficient that their design could serve as inspiration for the future design of glare-free computer and mobile phone screens.
Golden turtle beetle
These animals come in a variety of species, some of which, such as the club turtle (Plagiometriona clavata) from the eastern and southern United States, have a solid interior surrounded by a transparent shell. This beetle resembles a turtle on a tiny scale due to the shell on its back. Its length is 5 – 12mm.
In tropical environments, turtle beetles are very brightly colored. Often people use them to make jewelry. These beetles are also found in many places in eastern North America as far as Iowa and Texas.
European eel larvae
As an adult, the European eel lives in the estuaries of Europe and migrates to the Sargasso Sea around Bermuda to lay its eggs.
The European larvae, under the influence of the Gulf Stream, enter Europe. Since it would be quite easy for predatory fish to catch young eels on this journey home, nature has endowed them with a special protection – they remain completely transparent until they mature.
Unfortunately, over the past 45 years, the population of the European eel has declined significantly, and the number of eels that make it to Europe is about 10%.
This transparent arboreal amphibian has almost invisible skin on its belly, which exposes many internal organs such as the heart, gastrointestinal tract, and liver. The skin on the back is less transparent, but still has a glassy character with a greenish tinge.
Barton Springs Salamander (Barton Springs Salamander)
This rare species of transparent animal lives in the fresh water of Barton Springs, Texas and has no lungs. The translucent skin, giving him an albino appearance, allows him to see her internal organs, and sometimes even the food in her stomach.
Transparent animal in the water
Transparency (or translucency) does not mean that animals have nothing to hide. Conversely, the lack of pigmentation can help them elude predators that can literally see right through them.
Sea creatures that lack teeth, toxins, or the ability to quickly flee frompredators are endowed with some degree of invisibility.
The amount of light that can pass through their bodies ranges from 20 to 90 percent.
The main advantage of transparency in open water is that it provides camouflage at any depth and angle.
Transparent sea cucumber
Soft-bodied inhabitants of the deep sea (sea cucumbers) are the oldest species of marine creatures that, over hundreds of millions of years of evolution, have developed many ways to survive in extreme conditions of high pressure and lack of light. For some sea cucumbers, it is transparency that allows them to be invisible to predators.
The slightly pink colored Enypniastes sea cucumbers live in the pitch black depths of the ocean well below the sunlight penetration threshold (200 m).
Barrel fish (barrel eye) with a transparent head
The Pacific barrelfish (Macropinna microstoma) was first described in 1939, but individual specimens of this unusual deep-sea fish suffered damage when brought to the surface due to extreme pressure drops.
In 2009, researchers at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) used remotely controlled cameras to observe barrels in their own habitat, at depths of 600 to 800 meters off the coast of central California. What they saw startled them greatly: the eyes of the goggle-eye revolve inside a transparent, fluid-filled headbox.
When viewed from above, the muzzle of the barrel looks natural, but what at first glance appear to be eyes are actually “nostrils”. The eyes are bright green structures located inside the fish’s head, where it can direct them to look up while itself remains horizontal.
It has an almost transparent body and is able to swim quite quickly, moving with pulsating jets of water.
It is better to keep your distance from the hydrojellyfish, as it can sting badly.
Raja Binoculata or the large spiked stingray is found from shallow coastal waters to a depth of approximately 580m. One such stingray swimming at great depths was spotted in San Pedro Bay, California.
Glassfish are native to South Asia and travel in packs as they grow to only 8cm. in length.
Because of their transparency, these fish are very popular in home aquariums.
White shrimp (pearl)
White shrimp grow up to 18cm. And their antennae can be three times as long as their body.
The white shrimp is one of three types of shrimp that are commercially harvested in the South Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico.
Translucent Surgeonfish Fry
This fish looks like it’s a toy, but it’s actually real. The transparent fry of surgeonfish live in the waters around New Zealand and can grow to quite large sizes – 30cm.
But the fish is completely transparent only at a young age, and later it has characteristic blue and yellow marks.
The glass octopus is quite unusual and we don’t know much about this creature other than the fact that it has very sharp eyesight.
The length of a young octopus is less than 2 cm. across. Like many other animals on this list, some of them are transparent when young and become colored as adults.
These predators live in the polar region and feed on plankton. Predatory animals are mostly transparent or translucent. Their bodies are clearly divided into head, tail and torso. They are dart-shaped and covered with a cuticle.
Interesting facts about transparent animals
The paper nautilus is a cephalopod, also known as the argonaut, and lives in subtropical and tropical pelagic habitats.
In late 2009, researchers at Mie University in Japan created a transparent goldfish by selectively breeding pale goldfish. The end result was a fish with translucent scales and skin through which many of the creature’s internal organs can be easily seen. “As this goldfish gets bigger, you can watch its entire life,” said Yutaka Tamaru, assistant professor at Mie University.
While people will no doubt demand the cultivation of transparent goldfish for their home aquariums, the real reason the researchers at Mi University created transparent goldfish was to reduce, or even eliminate, the need for fish dissections in biology classes. This should make the vast number of students who experience nausea during the dissection process happy, not to mention the deaths of countless fish.
If you liked and found this information useful, please share it on social media. networks with your friends and acquaintances. This is how you support our project “Ecology of Life” and make your contribution to the preservation of the environment! | <urn:uuid:c0fc7325-0955-4cd4-bfb3-cfcfe5414c33> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ecoplanet777.com/transparent-animals/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.949911 | 1,858 | 3.1875 | 3 |
Business education is an academic study program offered at all institutions in the world. In this study program, combines the elements of marketing, finance, economic, accountancy, etc. These degrees offered at College and University level. Those applicant’s who are not able to continue their education can get grants and fellowship for their further studies. These fellowships are offered either by the institution or by any company. Number of foreign institutes offer Business Scholarships for Pakistani Students. For economic and commerce studies at the undergraduate and postgraduate level, there are also some financial aids available for global students.
Business Scholarships For Pakistani Students
- Jim Ellert MBA grants
- Skoll MBA Scholarships
- Nottingham University Scholarships:
- Scholarships for Pakistani Students at Bradford University
- Oxford Perishing Square Graduate Fellowship
- Alma Graduate School Africa MBA Scholarship Program
- Kofi Annan MBA Fellowships for Developing Country Students
- Emerging Economy Fellowships at Wharton Business School
- VU University Amsterdam Fellowship Program for International Students
- University of Twente Grants
- Oxford Graduate Scholarships for International Students
- Sydney Achievers International Scholarships
- British Chevening Fellowship for International Students
Scholarships for Pakistani Students at Bradford University
Bradford University has announced fully funded grants for Pakistani and international students who are interested in business studies at master’s level. The stipend is study specific and available only for the students of MBA. The institution will grant two financial aids of worth £22,950. These fellowships are available for the academic year of 2022 and deadline for form submission is DEC 2022-2022 (new date update soon).
Nottingham University Business School Scholarships:
Nottingham University Business school is offering grants to the global economic scholars for their master’s degree. These are awarded purely on academic merit base. These financial aids are available for all business-related educational programs, offered by the host institution. Numbers of grants are not specified, but the value of this assistance will vary from 25% to 75% of course tuition fee.
Oxford Perishing Square Graduate Scholarships:
Oxford Perishing Square Foundation grants five fellowships to talented international graduates to get their MBA degree at said business school. The host institution will be Oxford University. These fellowships are available annually for five extraordinary global scholars. Economic assistance will worth tuition and college fee, living and other expenses of the candidate. Deadline for apply to get this assistance for the academic year of 2022-2023. The course will start from Sep 2022.
Jim Ellert MBA Scholarships:
Jim Ellert financial aids are offered to attract international graduates to study finance courses at IMD Switzerland. This fellowship is offered for Master’s degree in business. The number of grants is 1 of worth CHF 20,000. This scholarship provided annually.
How to Apply UK Business Schools Scholarships:
Initially, a candidate needs to apply for admission in the host institution. If he successfully enrolled in Host University, then he or she can apply for these aids through their respective channel. | <urn:uuid:48204e5d-85ba-4f56-bddf-327639416ead> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.entiretest.com/business-scholarships-for-pakistani-students/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.918669 | 632 | 1.507813 | 2 |
By Katie Schmidt
Squalls, doldrums and rain; sailing students braved it all at Jackson’s Beach last week.
Faced with tough weather conditions, the Island Rec/Sailing Foundation Intermediate Sailing Class nevertheless spent the week on the water.
The third in a series of four classes designed to hone young sailors’ racing skills, Intermediate Sailing is geared toward more advanced students ready to face saltwater sailing conditions on Griffin Bay.
At Jackson’s, the students sailed Vanguard-15 sailboats. These 15-footers are fast with a large sail area and a flat hull designed to allow the boats to plane in moderate to heavy winds. They are sailed by two people with two distinct job descriptions: skipper and crew. This meant that students had to learn two roles in the boats and two different sets of strategies for sailing.
Last week, the class had eight students, most of whom have taken sailing classes before.
All week long, they were faced with challenging weather. Plagued by heavy winds, rain, or no wind at all, the class still found ways to have a good time.
Among the highlights for the week was sailing to Fourth of July Beach for a picnic on Thursday, an event called the “destination sail” that the Intermediate class does every year. Another highlight was taking advantage of the light wind on Friday to do barrel roll races, upside down races, and capsizing in the boats.
Robby Miller, one of the students in the class, said, “The destination sail was awesome and I really like sailing the Laser.”
Unfortunately, Advanced Sailing, the class that was intended to follow this one, has been cancelled this summer. However, there will be a team racing class catered to the same students who might have been interested in Advanced Sailing next week at Jackson’s Beach. High school and college sailors on the island will be available to help younger sailors perfect their strategic racing skills.
Every afternoon from 3-6:30 p.m. for the first two weeks of September, Island Rec sailing instructors will help intermediate alumni and any other aspiring young sailors get out on the water a final time this summer.
Students are encouraged to come after school any days that they can.
For more information about the clinic, call Felipe Lopez, 378-3127; or Dez Bridgmon, 378-1015. | <urn:uuid:c3af74b3-09bb-4cec-acf0-ff9d6b7bce1f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sanjuanjournal.com/sports/sailors-have-a-good-time-despite-rain/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.964732 | 500 | 1.507813 | 2 |
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Deterministic switching of ferromagnetism at room temperature using an electric field
Heron, J.T., J.L. Bosse, Q. He, Y. Gao, M. Trassin, L. Ye, J.D. Clarkson, C. W. Wang, J. F. Liu, S. Salahuddin, D.C. Ralph, D.G. Schlom, J. Íñiguez, B.D. Huey, Ramamoorthy Ramesh
The technological appeal of multiferroics is the ability to control magnetism with electric field1-3. For devices to be useful, such control must be achieved at room temperature. The only single-phase multiferroicmaterial exhibiting unambiguousmagnetoelectric coupling at room temperature is BiFeO3 (refs 4 and 5). Its weak ferromagnetismarises fromthe canting of the antiferromagnetically aligned spins by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction6-9. Prior theory considered the symmetry of the thermodynamic ground state and concluded that direct 180-degree switching of theDMvector by the ferroelectric polarization was forbidden10,11. Instead, we examined the kinetics of the switching process, something not considered previously in theoretical work10-12. Here we show a deterministic reversal of theDMvector and cantedmoment using an electric field at roomtemperature. First-principles calculations reveal that the switching kinetics favours a two-step switching process. In each step the DMvector and polarization are coupled and 180-degree deterministic switching of magnetization hence becomes possible, in agreement with experimental observation. We exploit this switching to demonstrate energy-efficient control of a spin-valve device at room temperature. The energy per unit area required is approximately an order of magnitude less than that needed for spin-transfer torque switching13,14.Given that theDMinteraction is fundamental to singlephasemultiferroics andmagnetoelectrics3,9, our results suggest ways to engineermagnetoelectric switching and tailor technologically pertinent functionality for nanometre-scale, low-energy-consumption, non-volatile magnetoelectronics. © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited.
Year of Publication | <urn:uuid:4ce288aa-5175-4c0f-8c6b-a9ea66c0567d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rameshlab.lbl.gov/publications/deterministic-switching | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.819797 | 516 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Given all the concerns raised by the pandemic, it‘s not surprising that as many as 60% of consumers
now refuse to shop at stores that don’t offer curbside payment and pickup. And the trend isn’t just limited to stores and restaurants. Any business that accepts payments for services—veterinarian offices, mobile groomers, fast oil-change stations and more—are now adopting curbside payment capabilities.
How contactless payments work
Contactless payment systems utilize radio-frequency identification (RFID) memory chips that store data or “tags” and RFID readers that decode the message—the same technology that’s used for applications like package tracking, inventory management and toll collection.
A newer and more complex technology, near-field communication (NFC), is the basis for services like Apple Pay and Google Play that allow cardholders to use contactless payment platforms on their smartphones or wearable devices or for fast and easy transactions at point-of-sale (POS) terminals. NFC is also used for other applications like e-ticketing, allowing users to tap a transit card or smart device to enter a subway turnstile, ride a bus or use other forms of public transit. Some ATMs also have NFC-enabled capabilities that allow users to tap their debit card in an indicated area on the machine rather than manually typing in their PIN on a keypad.
A mobile wallet, also called a digital wallet, is a smartphone app that stores credit and debit card information—users pay at a checkout counter by just tapping their device. These apps effectively turn any credit or debit card into a contactless payment tool. Even if the card doesn’t have tap-to-pay, users can still keep checkout contactless by using the card on a mobile wallet.
The benefits of contactless payments
- Safety – With all the health concerns surrounding the coronavirus, brick-and-mortar businesses and banks are looking to minimize the risks and mitigate customers’ concerns. According to a survey by The Ascent, 55% of consumers in the U.S. are worried about handling cash and about 75% of the respondents said they plan to continue using contactless payments once the pandemic is over. Which is why consulting firms like Accenture consider “the push toward a cashless society” to be a top priority for financial organizations and retail establishments. A recent poll of 17,000 customers in 19 countries, conducted by Mastercard, found that contactless payments are overwhelmingly considered a better and safer option. Whether science can actually prove that fact, perception tends to be reality where business is concerned.
- Speedier transactions – Studies show that while the transaction time for a chip-enabled card can be as much as 30 to 45 seconds, a contactless transaction can be conducted in as few as 10 to 15 seconds.
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Take Better Proper Care Of The Hair With These Tips
Having great hair may also be an elusive goal. Some common impediments to stunning locks include factors like weather and harmful hair products. The subsequent article will shed some light regarding how to take better proper care of your own hair in easy to follow steps.
Healthier hair is the effect of a wholesome body. Eating balanced and healthy diet and drinking lots of water makes your hair healthy. Consuming lots of whole grains, leafy vegetables, fruits, lean meat and omega-3 rich foods will help you to keep the hair shiny, healthy and powerful.
When you have fine or thin hair, avoid using heavy conditioners. This may put extra weight on your own hair, that will make it look even thinner and finer. Lighter conditioners, delivered in the spray or mousse work most effectively to give the hair good volume without weighing it down or resulting in a limp, greasy look.
Will not work with a blow dryer if you do not would like to dry the hair out. Constant consumption of heat styling products can simply damage your hair, and this may lead to a frizzy look.
As an alternative, utilize a towel wrapped around your own hair to remove extra moisture. This allows hair naturally dry, and prevent a lot of frizz.
Once you blow dry your own hair, you are able to damage it. The things that work best when using a blow dryer is to keep it over a cold air setting with constant movement of the dryer. Using this method, it moves around rather than in one spot for days on end. Make use of your fingers to untangle knots, then dry your own hair gently before you brush it.
If you enjoy how the hair maintain getting it wet inside the ocean water, try products that can mimic the ocean’s effects. Search for labels that say salt spray or even the like. To make a similar version at home, simply dissolve one teaspoonful of table salt in a cupful of water. You need to then devote around 10 drops of essential lavendar oil, there it is actually, the ocean!
You can actually damage hair with constant consumption of curling irons and blow dryers. If you are intending to use heating products, place them on the lowest setting and protect hair having a serum or cream. Such products place a buffer between your hair and also the heat.
Using bedding created from satin might help protect the natural oils within your wild hair. Ordinary cotton pillowcases usually tend to leach the oil and moisture away from your hair. Pillowcases made of satin then add protection for your hair and might cause you to wake using the curls you slept in. A satin headscarf can also be an option if for reasons unknown the pillowcase won’t workout.
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An organism’s structure alters as it ages, increasing the likelihood of disease, debility, and death. Human aging is the term used to describe physiological alterations in the human body that cause senescence, a decline in biological functioning, and a loss of the capacity to react to metabolic stress. Avoiding physical infirmity and prolonging your “active life expectancy” will be your major challenges as you age. According to recent studies, good (or healthy) aging is possible with the right preparation for old age. With this all, now we have a full programmed birthday calculator that helps you to calculate age as well in a matter of seconds. It lets you know when and how much you should eat to make yourself live long enough.
In this article, you will learn the unexpected issues that affect aging.
Let’s have a look!
As you age, it might be a triple whammy. You begin to lose muscle mass as you age. It becomes more challenging to keep a healthy weight as a result. You also become less active. While doing the same physical activity, your body burns fewer calories now than it did when you were younger. You probably already know that being overweight or obese raises your chance of contracting a number of diseases, including as heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, and stroke.
Additionally, using an age calculator enables you to learn more about the various impacts of weight growth on your life. However, being overweight may be more difficult for senior people. Exercise is one approach. Guidelines that recommend 30-60 minutes of exercise per day can be followed by younger people. However, this might not be feasible for many elderly people.
Many elderly people worry about falling. Your balance may deteriorate as you age, making you less stable and sure of yourself. If you have osteoporosis, which makes your bones less dense and more prone to breaks and fractures, falls are very deadly. Age in months calculator makes it clearer how much your weak bones damage your intellect and contribute to your early demise.
Everyone eventually develops it to some extent if they live long enough, but women over 50 have a higher risk than men of breaking a bone as a result of “brittle bone disease.”
You can keep your bones healthy by following these tips:
Eat lots of veggies, fruits, and meals high in calcium
Perform exercises that require you to use your own body weight, such as lifting weights (walking, pushups, squats)
Give up smoking and consume less alcohol (more than two or three drinks a day).
It’s not a requirement of becoming older. The lowest rate of any age group, depression affects around 1 in every 20 Americans aged 60 and up. But many elderly people who are depressed go untreated. Older Americans and their doctors might disregard symptoms as a normal response to illness and life’s setbacks.
You are more prone to experience depression if you have chronic health issues like heart disease or arthritis that limit your activities. People who need home health care are more likely to have the condition compared to other older persons. Using an age calculator can make it clear how much depression harms both your physical and mental health and contributes to early death and helps you to know how old am I.
Your nutritional requirements change as you age. Many of you don’t consume as much food as you ought to. Additionally, elderly bodies are more likely to be vitamin and nutrient deficient. Most of the time, a multivitamin that covers the bare minimum daily requirements is all you need. You can find out through an age calculator how these multivitamins affect your life and health, both positively and badly.
You don’t require a lot of it either. They might even be harmful. Inform your doctor about the supplements you take if you take any prescription drugs so that any potential interactions can be avoided.
You begin to lose some memory as you age. Recent events are harder to recall because of the way the aging brain stores information. So, if you’re having trouble thinking of a name or remembering where you put your car keys, don’t become upset.
However, it is unusual if you forget how to follow simple instructions or recipes or if you lose sight of where you are. That can be a sign of more severe memory loss brought on by a medical condition like dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. If so, your memory will undoubtedly diminish over time. By employing an birthday calculator, you may verify that this is the cause of your ultimate end with your increasing age.
Did you know that the single most significant factor affecting your likelihood of having cancer is your age? After the age of 50, it gets more obvious. Half of all cancer cases occur in those over the age of 65. The average age of lung cancer patients is 70. Why older adults are more likely to develop cancer is a mystery to scientists. You might just have been exposed to cancer-causing agents for a longer period of time. Your body may be less equipped to make repairs when cells go haywire. It is simple to understand how cancer affects both your life expectancy and age if you have access to an age calculator.
You should lose weight. 13 cancers, including breast, colon, and pancreatic cancers, have been linked to obesity.
Limit your consumption of processed and red meat.
Engage in regular exercise. It not only aids in the prevention of various malignancies but also guards against their recurrence.
Alcohol Tolerance Changes:
Everybody has a specific alcohol limit. While some people can safely consume one or two drinks each day, others are unable to consume even a single glass. But as you get older, your tolerance to alcohol tends to rise as well. As a result, you’ll experience symptoms sooner than you did when you were younger, such as slower reaction time and fewer drinks.
If you have more than one drink each day, you should let your doctor know.
Your future medical treatments may be impacted by this crucial component of your medical history. Using an age calculator, you can simultaneously determine how drinking alcohol affects your age negatively and reduces your life as well.
As you age, you will undoubtedly confront a variety of health issues, whether they be psychological or physical changes. Your life and age are both impacted by these changes. Use an age calculator to find out how it will affect your age and whether the impacts will be favorable or bad. | <urn:uuid:db519d93-32a4-45f8-9a00-1f2fd1671f30> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://serviceprofessionalsnetwork.com/unexpected-issues-that-affect-aging/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.954156 | 1,361 | 2.96875 | 3 |
According to the Polish Ergonomics Society, the term "Ergonomics" was originally coined by Wojiech Jastrzebowski, a polish educator and scientist almost one hundred and fifty years ago. The term "Ergonomics" comes from the Greek root words, "ergos", meaning, "work", and "nomos", meaning "laws", -the laws of work. Today, the term "ergonomics" is becoming more and more common, there are "ergonomic chairs", "ergonomic pens" and "ergonomic toothbrushes"; basically everything these days is "Ergonomically designed". In more practical terms, the concept of ergonomics has come to mean finding ways to "work smarter-not harder" and "Fit the work to the worker." In other words, "ergonomics" is the study of the physical and cognitive demands of work to ensure a safe and productive workplace.
Ergonomics is designing and improving the workplace, workstation, tools, equipment, and procedures of work in order to limit fatigue discomfort and injuries, while efficiently achieving personal and organizational goals. Ergonomics is improving the design of jobs and workstations that have unsafe qualities or have caused injury. Ergonomics is also defined as controlling errors, wasted motions, tools, material damage and quality. NIOSH (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health) defines Ergonomics as "the discipline that strives to develop and assemble information on people's capacities and capabilities for use in designing jobs, products, workplaces and equipment."
Health Ergonomics is based on the science of human physiology, pathology and its relationship to work. The healthcare professional already has the knowledge base and training in human physiology and the mechanisms of injury, required to decrease the incidence and severity of injuries in the workplace. This knowledge and experience base can also be used to optimize work capacity of both healthy and injured workers. Health Ergonomic Specialists use this knowledge of the relationship between human physiology, pathology and work to safely match the work demands to the capacity of the worker.
All of these definitions concede that Ergonomics is a multidisciplinary science that encompasses concepts of physics, work physiology, anthropometry, biomechanics, human factors engineering and work organization factors. The practice of Health Ergonomics is the application of the science of ergonomics and the sciences of human physiology and pathology, to the design and evaluation of work and work capacity. Thus ensuring that the work tasks, machines, tools and environments used for work are safe, healthful and effective for human use.
How does the ergonomics process or program, work in the workplace? A successful ergonomics program utilizes the skills of many disciplines, including engineering, psychology, medical, safety, management and the employees or associates. The team works together to identify the problem, prioritize the problem, evaluate the cause or reason for the problem and decide the best mode of action to take to remedy the problem. Once these questions have been identified and evaluated, ergonomic change methods can be implemented.
Today, the practice of ergonomics has two primary objectives to enhancing workplace health, safety, and work design issues. These are to 1) Enhance performance and productivity and 2) Prevent fatigue and injury.
In order to obtain these objectives, changes need to be made to the worker-job interface. The four basic methods of change implementation, or work modification, used to improve or modify the workplace are 1) Change the work process, 2) Change the work environment, 3) Change the work management, and 4) Change the tools.
Ultimately, there is a hierarchy of preferred means of change in the work place. In order of preference, the first means of change or work modification is through engineering controls. Engineering controls involve changing or substituting the work process or work environment. An example of engineering controls would be to change the actual product or materials, or the size or shape or weight of the equipment used to perform the work. The second change method is administrative controls that change the way the work is managed. This can mean changing the work environment or the management of the work. Examples of administrative controls are: adding job rotation, changing rest work cycles or changing the order or time of exposure to the work tasks. The last method of control that should be implemented is the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). PPE is used as a last line of defense and only as a barrier between the worker and a particular work hazard. Examples of PPEs in ergonomics include: use of gloves or protective gear, safety goggles, gel inserts for shock absorbance or steel toes boots. In some cases, more than one of these means may be used to solve an ergonomic challenge.
Successful ergonomic programs are an ongoing process. Risk must be quantified or assessed, high risk or problem areas must be identified, and changes implemented through a process of decision-making. Follow up, after the work modifications have been implemented, is an essential component of a successful program to re-measure risk, ensure that the modifications are appropriate and safely adhered to, and determine if further intervention is required.
The term "ergonomics" has several definitions, but is most commonly referred to as the study of work. The ergonomics process has evolved over the last few hundred years to a multidisciplinary science that encompasses concepts from physics, work physiology, anthropometry, biomechanics, human factors engineering and work organization factors.
Health Ergonomics is based on the science of human anatomy, physiology, pathology and how the human body responds to work. This knowledge and experience base, of understanding how the body responds and adapts to work load optimizes the assessment of work capacity of both healthy and injured workers. The healthcare practitioner can successfully apply the concepts of health ergonomics to effectively optimize human performance, reduce human error and fatigue and minimize musculosketetal injuries or CTDs. | <urn:uuid:fc6da5b6-8101-4a25-80aa-21f817703103> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.brasskangaroo.com/news/ergonomic-what-is-it-what-is-the-objective-of-ergonomics-programs-196 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.937433 | 1,234 | 3.171875 | 3 |
The spinal cord is the channel connecting the brain and the body. After the brain sends a signal, it transmits the signal to all parts of the body through the spinal cord nerve to control the feeling and movement of the limbs of the body. The spinal cord is located in the spinal canal, and its upper end is connected with the medulla oblongata of the brain. In the spinal canal, it sends out pairs of nerve bundles through the intervertebral foramen on both sides, which are distributed throughout the body and limbs to control the feeling and muscle movement of the body and limbs.
When the spinal cord reaches the first lumbar plane, it forms a spinal cord cone, and downward will form a cauda equina like nerve bundle, which is called cauda equina nerve. The hot and cold pain felt everywhere in the body is transmitted to the brain through the spinal cord for expression. If the spinal cord is compressed or injured, below the injury level, the limbs will have corresponding symptoms, such as limb paralysis, numbness, difficult defecation and so on. | <urn:uuid:195f40e7-469f-4142-9d05-9a0aae229e8d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.stylevp.com/spinal-cord-tattoos/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.931501 | 229 | 3.890625 | 4 |
- ‘The issue that needs to be addressed is that of vacation of the territories illegally and forcibly occupied by Pakistan,’ said Indian foreign ministry spokesman
- The comments come against the backdrop of some remarks made by the UN Secretary General António Guterres who is on a visit to Pakistan
New Delhi: India on Sunday rejected any scope for third party mediation to resolve the Kashmir dispute between India and Pakistan.
In a statement, Indian foreign ministry spokesman Raveesh Kumar said:”Jammu and Kashmir has been, is and will continue to be an integral part of India. The issue that needs to be addressed is that of vacation of the territories illegally and forcibly occupied by Pakistan. Further issues, if any, would be discussed bilaterally. There is no role or scope for third party mediation.”
The comments come against the backdrop of some remarks made by the UN Secretary General António Guterres who is on a visit to Pakistan.
In his remarks, Guterres had expressed concern over increasing tensions between India and Pakistan as well as over alleged human rights violations in Kashmir, news reports said.
“We hope the UN Secretary General would emphasise on the imperative for Pakistan to take credible, sustained and irreversible action to put an end to cross-border terrorism against India, which threatens the most fundamental human right – the right to life, of the people of India, including in Jammu and Kashmir,” Kumar said.
Guterres who arrived in Islamabad on Sunday, met Pakistan foreign minister Shah Mehmood Qureshi. The UN chief is on a four-day visit to Pakistan during which he will attend an international conference on Afghan refugees and visit Gurdwara Kartarpur Sahib.
In remarks to the press, Guterres is reported to have said that it was important for India and Pakistan to de-escalate “militarily and verbally” and exercise “maximum restraint.”
Addressing a press conference after his meeting with Qureshi, the UN Secretary-General said he was “deeply concerned” over the situation in Jammu and Kashmir and tensions along the Line of Control, news reports from Pakistan said.
He said he was ready to help if both countries agreed for mediation.
“Diplomacy and dialogue remain the only tools that guarantee peace and stability with solutions in accordance with the Charter of United Nations and resolutions of the Security Council,” Guterres said.
The UN chief said he had “repeatedly stressed on the importance of exercising maximum restraint”.
“I offered my good offices from the beginning. I am ready to help if both countries agree for mediation,” he said.
Source: Live Mint | <urn:uuid:24e845e3-3dda-473e-914f-3f776f1a5988> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://timesheadline.com/india/no-role-for-third-party-india-rejects-un-chiefs-mediation-offer-on-kashmir-43254.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.963662 | 566 | 1.679688 | 2 |
The US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Safety Company (CISA) and the Australian Cyber Safety Centre (ACSC) have picked 11 malware households as their prime threats.
The checklist is made up of malware that has advanced over the previous 10 years as banking trojans, distant entry trojans, data stealers, and ransomware supply instruments.
The businesses listed the highest malware strains of final 12 months as Agent Tesla (data stealer), AZORult (data stealer), Formbook (data stealer), Ursnif (banking Trojan), LokiBot (Trojan credential stealer), MOUSEISLAND (ransomware supply), NanoCore (credential stealer), Qakbot (multipurpose trojan), Remcos (distant entry trojan), TrickBot (multipurpose trojan/ransomware supply), and GootLoader (multi-payload malware platform).
The malware on the checklist is used primarily for monetary acquire quite than, say, cyber espionage. “Essentially the most prolific malware customers of the highest malware strains are cyber criminals, who use malware to ship ransomware or facilitate theft of private and monetary data,” notes CISA within the advisory.
Some, like TrickBot, began as a banking trojan however advanced right into a modular malware and have since served as entry brokers for ransomware teams, such because the infamous Conti gang, through the use of its community of already compromised machines.
CISA additionally gives an outline of how the malware ecosystem features and the way the trade’s actors proceed to fund, help and enhance their malicious software program.
“Many malware builders typically function from places with few authorized prohibitions towards malware improvement and deployment. Some builders even market their malware merchandise as reputable cyber safety instruments,” CISA notes.
CISA’s advisory serves as a helpful useful resource with hyperlinks to official US authorities technical briefings about every malware pressure. It features a abstract of their foremost capabilities, the date it has been lively since, its malware classification, and supply methodology.
Trickbot, at one level the world’s largest botnet, has been lively since 2016 and in October 2020 was focused by Microsoft and its companions for a technical and authorized takedown. That month, the US navy’s Cyber Command unit had additionally reportedly run a marketing campaign towards Trickbot. CISA additionally warned Trickbot was planning an assault on US healthcare sector organizations. Regardless of these efforts, CISA notes that Trickbot stays lively as of July 2022.
“TrickBot malware is usually used to type botnets or enabling preliminary entry for the Conti ransomware or Ryuk banking trojan. TrickBot is developed and operated by a complicated group of malicious cyber actors and has advanced right into a extremely modular, multi-stage malware,” the advisory states.
“In 2020, cyber criminals used TrickBot to focus on the Healthcare and Public Well being (HPH) Sector after which launch ransomware assaults, exfiltrate knowledge, or disrupt healthcare companies. Primarily based on data from trusted third events, TrickBot’s infrastructure remains to be lively in July 2022.”
CISA recommends organizations patch all programs and prioritize patching identified exploited vulnerabilities. It additionally recommends implementing multi-factor authentication and securing distant desktop protocol (RDP) companies.
CISA in April revealed the highest 15 routinely exploited vulnerabilities, which included the ProxyShell and ProxyLogon Trade e-mail servers vulnerabilities, bugs in digital personal community (VPN) endpoints, and the Apache Log4j Log4Shell flaw. | <urn:uuid:df95441c-6760-48f2-a6be-ff2b54a0ec77> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://garment-knitting.com/revealed-the-highest-11-malware-strains-its-good-to-fear-about/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.929553 | 740 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Selective schools eclipse elite private institutions on advantage scales
Though long regarded as the great equalisers of education, a new study has revealed selective schools are now eclipsing elite, high-fee private schools when it comes to advantage.
Over half of the state’s twenty most socio-educationally advantaged schools are now selective, with some 75 percent of selective school students coming from the highest quarter of socio-educational advantage.
A mere 2 percent of selective school students come from the lowest quarter.
Co-author of the study by the Centre for Policy Development, Christina Ho, says it may be time to reassess the selective school framework.
“Ultimately, what we’re finding is that selective schools just inherently add to the inequality and hierarchies between schools that really polarise results,” she explains to Michael Pachi.
“I think if you’re from a disadvantage background, you’re pretty much shut out of selective schools. It’s quite shocking that these public schools are all but inaccessible to the majority of students.”
With competition rife among selective school hopefuls, it’s thought parents who can afford to invest the time and money into extra tutoring are those whose children are more likely to succeed in the selective schools entrance test.
“We’ve got parents now who are often investing thousands of dollars over many years to get their kids trained up to do that selective schools test.”
“So we’re really questioning about whether there is a need to keep on adding more selective places.”
Click PLAY below for the full interview | <urn:uuid:1c55d47a-780a-470c-95f2-93d3882833cc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.4bc.com.au/selective-schools-eclipse-elite-private-institutions-on-advantage-scales/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.954606 | 338 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Mediation/Collaborative Law If traditional litigation adds to your stress during a time of family or business upheaval, many parties are now turning to mediation, conciliation or collaborative law in an effort to avoid the expense and difficulties of litigating in an overcrowded court system. These options provide the parties with the ability to reach solutions driven by their own goals on their own timetable with more control over how the case unfolds. Attorneys trained in mediation take off their legal hat and put on their mediator's cap to assist parties to find their own solutions. The lawyer then commits the agreements to a legal memoranda that may be submitted to court for final approval. That also ensures that the agreements are enforceable by court action if ever necessary or if unforeseen issues arise later. Conciliation provides a evaluative approach by the attorney while still helping the parties to find the solution they can both live with. Lawyers trained in collaborative practice belong to a network of professionals who use a particularly successful model to bring all appropriate professionals together to assist parties in finding creative and respectful ways to resolve legal issues.
Professional > Legal Professionals | <urn:uuid:8cf71e21-e2e3-4cbd-80e7-0741b75e314a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.magnantlaw.com | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.951899 | 228 | 1.984375 | 2 |
JRC contributed to research carried out by Italian research organisations in Pavia and Milan. This work demonstrated that new 3D in vitro cell based models can be applied to assess the neurotoxicity of magnetite nanoparticles. 3D cultures may represent good "near-to-in-vivo" models leading to better interpretation of toxicological effects to humans.
Human exposure to magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4NPs) as magnetite, represent a potential emerging risk, in relation to the increasing application in the industry, such as audio speaker, position sensing, water purification from heavy metals.
On the other hand, these nanoparticles have been also proposed for biomedical applications such as magnetic resonance, imaging, tissue engineering, stem cell labelling and for advanced cancer theranostic applications. However, experimental studies indicate that they can reach the Central Nervous System (CNS), potentially causing adverse effects.
In this study JRC scientists in collaboration with the Maugeri Foundation in Pavia and the University of Milan, developed two types of CNS cell spheroid models using astrocytes and neurons, combining them with standard assays to test potential neurotoxic effects caused by nanoparticle exposure, in particular using Fe3O4NP.
They have been able to monitor 3D Astrocyte and Neuron Spheroids over a 30 day culture period. Recreating the 3D spatial environment of the CNS allows cells in vitro to behave more like their in vivo counterparts, providing robust and manageable model systems that mimic the cell biology present of the nervous system.
Moreover, the 3D cell cultures are advantageous in that they eliminate the species-specific differences (vs. animal models) that often impede interpretation of the preclinical effects in human systems. These in vitro findings add value to the relevance of using new 3D in vitro cell-based models in toxicology and, specifically in the identification of the cytotoxicity of Fe3O4NPs.
Read more in:
U. De Simone et al.: "Human 3D Cultures as Models for Evaluating Magnetic Nanoparticle CNS Cytotoxicity after Short- and Repeated Long-Term Exposure", Int. J. Mol. Sci. 19 (2018) 1993; doi:10.3390/ijms19071993
- Publication date
- 19 November 2018 | <urn:uuid:58948b00-18ee-4160-a0ff-8abc1d87d40e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu/jrc-news/novel-vitro-tools-assessment-neurotoxicity-induced-nanoparticles-2018-11-19_en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.899418 | 484 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Posted January 2, 2014
The Kentucky Supreme Court recently rendered its decision in Kentucky New Era, Inc. v. City of Hopkinsville, providing important guidance for cities regarding city redaction policies and the extent of the privacy exemption under the Kentucky Open Records Act.
The Court held:
“[The Open Records Act] includes an express exemption for agency records the disclosure of which would amount to a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. The City of Hopkinsville has justly concluded that the public disclosure of the social security numbers, the driver's license numbers, the home addresses, and the phone numbers of victims, witnesses, and uncharged suspects appearing in its police department's arrest and incident reports, as well as all references to juveniles, would constitute, in the vast majority of cases, a clearly unwarranted invasion of those persons' privacy. Its policy of redacting that information before disclosing the reports is in accordance with the Act.”
The decision stems from a request made from the Kentucky New Era newspaper to the City of Hopkinsville in 2009, asking for police records regarding certain crimes. The New Era challenged the city’s decision to withhold records involving juveniles, and redact from other records personal data of victims, witnesses and suspects.
First finding that persons have privacy interests in their addresses, phone numbers, social security numbers and driver’s license numbers, the Court then analyzed whether the invasion of these privacy interests was unwarranted, as required by the Open Records Act to invoke the privacy exception. To make this determination, the Court weighed the privacy interests against the public’s interest in disclosure, and determined that the “public interest in monitoring the police department clearly does not extend” to providing the personal data listed above, absent a substantial reason to believe the redacted information could shed meaningful light on how well the police department was performing its duties to the public.
The Court also found a heightened privacy interest for juvenile victims and witnesses, as well as perpetrators, that justified withholding of the names of juveniles in addition to the other personal data.
The New Era also challenged the city’s redaction of certain categories of information – here, personal data of private citizens in police records – as a matter of policy. The Court distinguished a “categorical redaction policy” from a “blanket redaction policy,” upholding the city’s determination that, with respect to a particular, recurring class of information, it is appropriate to categorically withhold information in that class when the privacy/ public-interest balancing characteristically tips in the direction of privacy.
The Kentucky Supreme Court’s decision is extremely important to all Kentucky cities, because it sets a legal precedent supporting cities’ decisions to similarly withhold or redact records in response to open records requests.
The Kentucky League of Cities provided legal assistance to the City of Hopkinsville at no charge as a part of the KLC Legal Advocacy Program, which represents the collective legal interests of member cities throughout the Commonwealth. If you have any questions regarding this ruling, Open Records Act exemptions or other legal issues, please contact KLC’s legal department at 1-800-876-455 | <urn:uuid:e3256725-5f77-44c5-9318-7d32a5e6704b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://klc.org/News/7102/kentucky-supreme-court-rules-for-city-in-important-open-records-act-decision | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.930514 | 649 | 1.875 | 2 |
Do you remember that old saying? You know, the one that goes to the tune of, “Age is just a number”. It is an apt motto for many things in life, like that person you are dating, that couch in your living room with the 70’s fabric, or that burrito in your fridge from last week.
There are situations where the age of a thing is just another quirk in its character or a mere fact, rather than those exceptions where it is a point of necessary detail for consideration. Unfortunately for metadata evangelists, data falls into that category of exceptions to this age-old rule. Every pun intended.
When it comes to spatial data, knowing its age is essential. It helps in determining frequency of use, relevancy, and potential health. It aides in prioritizing what information should and should not be of focus in your team’s maintenance plan. It is a topic of frequent conversation, and one we have chatted about here a lot.
Finding the age of data – as well as all those files who fall within an age range – is easy enough. Thanks to applications like Integrated Marco Studio this just got even easier. Integrated Marco Mystic, in particular, handles this with true ease.
If we imagine a sample scenario where you are on the hunt for data at a ripe old age of more than five weeks, how would you propose answering this? Well, Integrated Marco Mystic has a couple answers.
VIP Access to the CMAs
Within the Integrated Marco Mystic interface, one of the quickest ways to determine age is through the Sort menu of the Search Results Panel. Although keyword relevancy is the default option for viewing results, there are a couple options to aide in the quest for finding these details. This includes a ticket to the CMA’s. I’m not talking Dolly Parton or a slew of cowboy boots. Instead, I’m talking about creation, modification, and access.
As shown below, results may be viewed by Created Ascending/Descending, Modified Ascending/Descending, and Accessed Ascending/Descending.
Filter, Filter, Filter
If view order does not quite satisfy your hunt, there is always the Filter Panel. The options for Date Created, Data Modified, and Last Accessed all allow you toggle the time span of datasets until you find exactly what you need.
Age in Layman’s Terms
Looking for production and use details for a specific dataset or ArcGIS Map Document? The individual details page for each file has it all. Creation, modification, and access are all spelled out to include date and time in a format that is quick to read. Even better? Time Since Last Access reads the current date comparative to its last access, showcasing this time-frame to take one more task off of your To Do list.
All these options are handy ways Integrated Marco Mystic helps you in determining key features about your data. After all, you cannot ask every ArcGIS Map Document to present its ID before it walks in the door.
Explore the Series
When it comes to reviewing your Geographic Information System (GIS) data and inventories, there are questions you should have at the ready. Discover common questions we ask of our spatial data to get the most out of these resources - and better yet, how we actually achieve answers. Explore the cheat sheet here and dive in to each post in the series below.
Week 5 - Data Age is Not Just a Number | <urn:uuid:c58e0c89-94c5-4059-bb02-c1b8ff18964a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.integrated-informatics.com/post/spatial-data-diagnosis-data-age-is-not-just-a-number | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.926049 | 718 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Mesa Verde Preschool provides an enriched learning environment that has helped countless students get ahead. Founded in 2008, the school is located in Costa Mesa, CA. and reflects the diverse backgrounds and cultures of the area. We have students eager to learn, create and grow and staff eager to teach.
We believe each child is a special and unique individual. Each Child can achieve full potential through encouragement and challenge when guided with love and patience. Stimulation through a wealth of new experiences will promote physical, emotional, mental, and social growth and development.
Our mission is to provide a nurturing, affectionate and a challenging environment to children, and instill traits that will make them independent. We will prepare your child for successful entry into school. We will make use of innovative tools and methods. This is how we will achieve our goal of making them grow while they play.
We firmly believe that interesting things are easy to learn. We will make things interesting for your child so that he/she will form a healthy and lifelong interest in learning. This will help your child to find his/her own space in the real world - confidently and without inhibition.
We will help our students build a positive approach towards life - and a sense of imagination. We will instill the traits of dreaming, thinking and achieving in them. We work on the philosophy that learning is an innate process and it should be unfolded naturally rather than being forced.
Moreover, every child is not the same, and that is why understanding levels will differ.
We will provide a low teacher-to-children ratio to give adequate attention to each child.
We will treat your child as an individual and not just as one of the crowd!
At Mesa Verde Preschool, every child will get a stimulating atmosphere to flourish in. Every child will be cared for, loved and respected. | <urn:uuid:35ff0666-c755-413f-a1a4-64c9cad7b81f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mesaverdepreschool.com/about | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.947013 | 386 | 1.710938 | 2 |
With e-commerce revenue increasing year-over-year globally, it’s no secret that the future is, in fact, in e-commerce. Heck, it might just be the present… With that said, while having a great idea is a start, much more is required to succeed in the e-commerce arena.
Some of the most basic include defining your audience, devising a business plan, executing market research, and of course, understanding which type of e-commerce business model your operations fall under and/or which you’d prefer to operate in.
That’s why, in what follows, we’ll be outlining several types of e-commerce business models, defining each and their roles in detail. Further, we’ll touch on e-commerce relationship models and how they differ from business models.
Eager to become more informed of the e-commerce world of business?! Then this article is for you. Let’s get right into it!
What is an E-Commerce Business Model
Simply put, an e-commerce business model is a defining decision that determines how your business will operate, whom it will target for its customer base, and how said customers will receive your business offering.
While the model you choose isn’t as rigid as you might think (in fact, it’s quite fluid), and although you as the owner have the flexibility to adjust and tailor said model to your liking, it’s still a necessity to place your business in a category so as to act as a roadmap of sorts.
With that said, although there are several types of models that can be implemented and followed, there are four primary business models that we’ll be discussing in this article.
Types of E-Commerce Business Models
E-commerce business models are not to be confused with e-commerce relationship models which are models that define who you’ll be selling to; while business models do broadly define whom you’re selling to, it’s done so in such a way complementary to the structural concept at large.
Instead, e-commerce business models focus more heavily on how you’ll capture the attention of your target consumer, how you’ll sell to your target consumer, and how you’ll position your product/service in such a way as to optimize revenue.
There are, however, several types of e-commerce relationship models including but not limited to B2B (Business to Consumer), B2C (Business to Consumer), B2G (Business to Government), and C2B (Consumer to Business).
Before proceeding to choose what type of e-commerce business model you’ll be operating under, it’s important to first choose who you’ll be selling to; what type of e-commerce relationship model your business falls under. Once chosen, it’s time to choose your lane!
Below are some of the most common types of e-commerce business models:
Dropshipping is an e-commerce business model whereby the seller (you) will complete and proceed to fulfill buyer transactions without keeping any inventory or overhead.
Instead, based on what’s needed, you, the seller, will purchase inventory as necessary and as defined by the orders that have been made in real-time. This is typically accomplished through wholesale or third-party manufacturers.
While dropshipping carries some level of controversy, often viewed as somewhat of a “get rich quick scheme”, it’s undeniably successful should you operate it correctly… It’s no wonder millions of dollars are made from using this business model alone each year.
More popular amongst those with sizable amounts of upfront capital at their disposal, wholesaling is another e-commerce business model whereby e-commerce businesses are responsible for both inventory management, customer fulfillment, shipping and receiving, and, of course, any payroll involved in the operation of the business at large.
Wholesaling e-commerce businesses are those that supply products to other relevant buyers, typically in bulk so that they can then proceed to sell on their own boutique online stores.
What traditionally used to only be exclusive in a business-to-business relationship has since expanded to consumer-to-business relationships, as well…
Yet another popular e-commerce business model, subscription services have opened the door to new ways of achieving passive/residual income via recurring revenue while continuing to maintain satisfactory relationships with customers.
In fact, most subscription-based e-commerce businesses experience higher retention rates and boast longer customer relations than most other online businesses today.
Whether you’re selling toiletries or premium software services, subscriptions have proven their worth in the e-commerce world and might just be the business model for you!
Often compared to private labelling due to its many similarities, white labelling is an e-commerce model whereby e-commerce businesses purchase already proven products and simply place their own branding on them to sell D2C.
While it’s seen across industries, the most common tend to include health and wellness products like supplements, or even clothing like t-shirts and hats.
If this is the path you want to go down, be cognizant of how much inventory you initially purchase, for whatever you buy and can’t sell, you keep… A lucrative but potentially detrimental business model if not operated intelligently.
With several e-commerce business models to choose from, it can be difficult to decipher which one suits your goals and objectives best. If you’re having trouble determining it, consider revisiting your initial business plan to gain any past insights that might lend themselves to suggestions.
Whichever model you opt to choose, be confident in your choice and proceed onward with intent and determination because, at the end of the day, the success of the business doesn’t lay in the model that you choose but in the way in which you operate it as an entrepreneur. | <urn:uuid:012e5b4a-683a-4b38-9c9d-b78701a83dc4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://onlive.site/en/types-of-e-commerce-business-models/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.949637 | 1,255 | 1.78125 | 2 |
The Ananda Meditation Retreat was founded in 1968 by Swami Kriyananda, and the guided programs we offer are based on the teachings of his guru, Paramhansa Yogananda. People from all faiths and backgrounds are welcome here.
When Swami Kriyananda first walked this land, he said he deeply felt the blessings of his guru and knew this was where he felt God could start what would become the Ananda Community.
Many of the original residents of the Meditation Retreat now live at the nearby Ananda Village, and the Meditation Retreat is kept as a quiet place for meditation and seclusion.
Paramhansa Yogananda (1893-1952)
The Meditation Retreat began as a small retreat center, the first actual focus of what has now blossomed into a global movement to help spiritual seekers realize God in their daily lives as a tangible, loving reality.
The magnetic energy of the Retreat has intensified and expanded over the past several decades. Individuals meditating and living here have greatly added to the profound sense of peace and stillness that pervades the land. The beauty and presence of the Divine is tangibly felt by all who come here.
Learn more about the history of the Meditation Retreat.
Swami Kriyananda (1926-2013)
Swami Sri Yukteswar | <urn:uuid:dc281877-09eb-4997-ae00-3c22f6dfaf57> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://meditationretreat.org/about-us/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.950405 | 305 | 1.859375 | 2 |
Bridgestone Corporation announced that it has received an Environmental Award from Honda Motor
The Environmental Award is part of the Honda Excellence Appreciation Awards, which are presented to Honda Motor suppliers that perform remarkable initiatives in five fields, such as quality. This marks the first time that Bridgestone is the recipient of an Environmental Award from Honda.
The Environmental Award that Bridgestone received is given to suppliers who conduct initiatives in line with the Honda Green Purchasing Guidelines, as well as engage in outstanding efforts to reduce the environmental impact in the lifecycle of their products.
Bridgestone consistently carries out environmental initiatives aimed at improving the future. Receiving this award represents a high evaluation of these continuous initiatives, such as reducing greenhouse gases across the entire lifecycle of Bridgestone tires, including the manufacturing process. | <urn:uuid:2d408220-bd05-4406-86a0-510e824730ad> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bcarparts.com/bridgestone/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.96907 | 164 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Detect "Too many connections" error and show alternate web page
If you are getting "too many connections" errors in MySQL you can change the max_connections setting to allow more connections, assuming you have enough RAM to handle the increased number. This post looks at how to update the max_connections setting in MySQL.
WordPress is driven by a MySQL database. This is something active WordPress users would know. However, if you only just read about it here from us, here’s what you should know. MySQL is a free relational database management system available in most web hosting services. All of the WordPress data like the posts, comments, categories, …
Security should be at the top of every developer’s mind when building an application that could hold sensitive data. We wanted to replicate MySQL’s functions because a lot of our data is already AES-encrypted in our database, and if you’re like us, you probably have that as well.
I’d like to only select the rows where the count is greater than 1 (in other words the duplicates) right now from a few thousand records i am mostly seeing ones with a few 2s and 3s here and there
The simplest way of selecting random rows from the MySQL database is to use "ORDER BY RAND()" clause in the query. | <urn:uuid:f4354e24-920d-4578-beac-0dab1523e8e7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.prosoxi.com/category/programming/mysql/page/3/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.927757 | 276 | 1.625 | 2 |
TAFE NSW is helping people upskill during the coronavirus crisis by offering 21 fee-free courses, including a short course in eMarketing to help small and medium-business owners get the most out of their social media use, My Business reports.
In announcing the news, TAFE NSW said the fee-free short courses will be delivered in conjunction with the NSW government. Each can be completed in just days or weeks, offering practical skills and experiences across a range of industries.
Commenting on the announcement, Skills and Tertiary Education Minister Geoff Lee said that free courses would help keep businesses in business, and could be especially beneficial for those currently in hibernation.
“The NSW government understands that circumstances have changed for a lot of people and business owners, which means the way they work and how they conduct their business has also changed,” Mr Lee said.
“The TAFE NSW fee-free accredited courses will contribute to helping businesses stay in business and people stay in jobs. It’s vital we keep people employed and ensure we have the ability to rebound when things do improve.
“We also understand that many industries are in hibernation, so using this period to upskill for the future is time well spent.”
The 21 short courses include eMarketing for Small Business, Engaging Customers Using Social Media, Writing and Presentation Skills, Computing Skills, Team Leader Skill Set and Administration Skills for Team Leaders. | <urn:uuid:65be152d-9049-4066-8a97-595cde6ae98e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.paltd.com.au/news/2020/04/21/tafe-nsw-offers-free-courses | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.963447 | 308 | 1.773438 | 2 |
There are many types of possible business structures that you can use when you start your own business. One type of business structure is a corporation, which can be done at the federal or provincial level. Corporations are recognized as separate and distinct legal entities at law which are separate from their shareholders. Corporations have many rights including the ability to enter contracts, loan and borrow money, sue or be sued in legal actions, own assets, hire employees, pay taxes, and incur liabilities. This article focuses on setting up an Alberta corporation. What are the steps required to incorporate my business in Alberta? The following is a list of requirements to form a corporation in Alberta: Obtain professional tax advice on structuring the corporation. Choose a name for your corporation. You may choose to incorporate a ‘named corporation’ or a ‘numbered corporation’. If you choose a numbered corporation, Corporate Registry will assign a number to your corporation (i.e. 123456 Alberta Ltd.). If you choose to incorporate a named corporation, you will need to purchase and review a NUANS report to ensure that the proposed name of your corporation is not identical, or too similar to, an existing named corporation. Consider whether to obtain a registered trade-mark to protect your corporation’s name. The name must have a distinctive, descriptive, and legal element (i.e. ABC Manufacturing Ltd. or XYZ Supplies Inc.) Create Articles of Incorporation. The Articles will determine the legal structure of your corporation, set out classes of shares authorized to be issued and their corresponding rights. You may wish to create several classes of shares, such as common shares and preferred shares, with different rights attached to each class. At a minimum, your corporation must have one class of shares with the right to vote, the right to receive dividends, and the right to receive the remaining property of the corporation upon dissolution. These rights can also be divided between the different classes of shares. Choose an address for your corporation’s registered office, records address, and mailing address (if the registered office does not accept mail delivery); each address must be located in Alberta. Elect or appoint at least one initial Director. The full name and mailing address of each Director is required. Directors must be adults and at least one quarter of the board of directors must be resident in Canada. Send all forms to Corporate Registry to apply to incorporate your business, including: Notice of Address (advises of registered office, records office and mailing address); and Notice of Directors. Create Corporate Bylaws. Prepare Directors’ and Shareholders’ Organizational Meeting and Corporate Resolutions. Organizational meetings and resolutions are required to properly organize and set up the structure of the corporation. Prepare a Unanimous Shareholders Agreement (“USA”) (recommended). A USA is an agreement among all shareholders of a corporation and acts to restrict the powers of the directors and increase the powers of the shareholders to manage the business affairs of the corporation. It is strongly recommended that you seek professional legal advice for this step. If you are interested in incorporating your business, we welcome you to contact a member of Parlee McLaws’ Business and Corporate team for further information. Disclaimer This post is intended to provide general information concerning developments in the law and is not intended to provide legal advice in respect of any particular situation. | <urn:uuid:afa163a2-0ac0-4ff1-939b-74e1673ccdc8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.parlee.com/news/incorporating-your-business-in-alberta/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.934082 | 681 | 2.296875 | 2 |
What does the US dollar’s sudden about-turn mean for the markets?
After rallying strongly since late spring, the US dollar wobbled this week. Dominic Frisby looks at where the greenback is going next, and what that means for the markets.
We have been watching the US dollar intently on these pages for many months now, and urgently reporting on developments when and if they occur.
Today sees one such dispatch.
Over the past few days the US dollar has done one of its sudden about-turns.
What had seemed like an upward thrust, threatening to kill the likes of gold and silver stone dead, has suddenly reversed and the run that began in May now seems to be running out of steam.
A weak dollar sent asset prices soaring
In many ways the US dollar is the single most important price in the world. The dollar is, of course, the global reserve currency. Vital commodities from oil to copper to wheat – energy, metal and food, in other words – are traded in US dollars.
It is a determinant of international capital flows: is money flowing from or to the United States?
A strong US dollar is in some ways good for international stability. It is good for America’s reputation. But a weak dollar enables it to print and spend, and boy does America like printing and spending.
When the dollar is weak, asset prices rise – and the world sure does love a bit of asset-price inflation. Borrowing is cheap, house prices go up, stock prices go up, bond prices go up, energy and metal prices go up. The party keeps on rocking.
When the dollar is strong, an international sense of the jitters ensues and the world worries that the asset price inflation party that has been going on since 15 August, 1971, might be coming to an end.
If you like a bit of asset price inflation, the year from April 2020 was one heck of a party – one that few of the revellers will ever forget, despite the amount of cheap money intoxicants that got consumed.
You might have thought that shutting down economies and a global pandemic might be bad for business. But the money printers gave us a year few of us will ever forget. Was there anything that didn’t go up in price? Steel, stocks, crypto, precious metals, energy; heck, even the price of labour went up. Even the cost of houses in now deserted city centres. It was a bonanza time for all. The S&P500 doubled.
I’m not even sure where the biggest party of the lot took place. It might have been lumber, it might have been some stupid cryptocurrency that nobody born before 1993 has ever heard of.
The party comes to a sudden stop
But then in May, the Feds came along and shut down the sound system. Go home, they said, and revellers staggered towards the nightbus with their new found riches. Did they really get rich? Or did stuff just get more expensive? And the value of their money go down?
We wizened observers think it was the latter. There are some that got rich; the clever ones with access to lots of cheap capital. Most think they got rich because their house went up a bit, but really, they just kept up. Those with no capital? They just fell further behind. Wealth inequality just got that bit worse.
Oxfam will print some numbers about it in a year or two. Everyone will get outraged, especially the clever ones with access to cheap capital. And the printing presses will keep on whirring.
But anyway – back to last May. All in all, over the course of the party, the US dollar index fell from 104 in March 2020 to 89 by the beginning of 2021. That’s a decline of around 14% – a lot for a currency.
I’d say, at a guess, financially speaking, the developed world got at least 14% less equal.
Then the US dollar suddenly rallied. Ooops. It got to 93. Party’s over.
No, it isn’t – in April it fell again. The asset price party’s back on. It slid all the way into May, and then we got another rally.
This time the rally had a stronger footing. There’s a double bottom – a really strong base there. This rally could have legs – and it did. We marched straight back to 93.
This could go all the way to the mid-to-high 90s, we felt. The heat came off commodities. The heat came off crypto. The heat never comes off US stocks!
But this week we got a wobble. Looks like we’re headed lower again. The selling pressure on precious metals and crypto in particular has abated. We’re now at 92, and 91 looks a given.
Do we go all the way back to 89?
I’m not so sure. I don’t mean to spoil the party, but this looks more like a pull back in a bull market to me.
I hope it isn’t, of course. I’m revelling in the asset-price party just as much as the rest of you. | <urn:uuid:dd8fedd1-1a2a-461f-88c5-70c42a79d6ea> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://moneyweek.com/currencies/603648/what-does-the-us-dollars-sudden-about-turn-mean-for-the-markets?refid=F597D4661003F3EC14312BBF0862EACD&utm_campaign=money-morning-newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_source=newsletter | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.961886 | 1,096 | 1.75 | 2 |
Best Places to Visit in Agra: 6 Places You Shouldn’t Miss 2
India’s centre of religious tourism and tourism, if you have not been there, now is the time to explore the beauty of this country with the true sense of spirituality. Each place has something that attracts you to visit it. No two trips are the same in India. There are so many places to visit in India, but some are far more appealing than others. From the Himalayas to the Nilgiri Mountains, India is a land of beauty and charm, which must be explored. If you’re looking for the Best Places to Visit in Agra, you’ve come to the right spot.
Best Places to Visit in Agra || 6 Places You Shouldn’t Miss
Awan-e- Taj – Awan-e- Taj is Tughlaq Emperor of Delhi; Akbar’s favorite daughter, Tahmina. In 2005, a private building was constructed inside the tomb premises. Babri Masjid The mosque is designated as a national heritage monument. Built-in 1528 AD and dedicated to Ram. It was under the reign of Mughal Emperor Babur, who founded the city of Agra. Patel Ki Partha,
The first-ever public hospital in the city of Agra, was built by Baba Bulle Shah. It has a 15 X 10-meter street, which is believed to be the first street in the world that was made for pedestrians. Taj Mahal In 1527, the Mughal emperor Akbar ordered the building of a mausoleum on the ruins of a ruined Taj in Agra. Taj Mahal was the first monument to be built entirely of marble.
Places to visit in Delhi and Agra || How to get to Agra
The best way to reach Agra is through Air Travel. Upon reaching the Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA), Delhi, book a flight to Agra. If you travel from Delhi to Agra, you can either opt for the flight or the road route to reach the city. You can also choose to stay in Agra and travel to Delhi for shopping in T – Town.
If you want to avoid the Delhi traffic and want a hassle-free experience, you can take an auto-rickshaw from the Airport to the Agra Train Station. Hotels in Agra: Where to Stay in Agra For budget-conscious travelers looking for the best accommodation for Agra, visit Booking.com and make your dream trip in Agra a reality! 1. Taj Ganj Palace is one of the most famous hotels in Agra.
Best Places to Visit in Agra || Shops and Markets
Khari Baoli One of the oldest markets in the city, Khari Baoli (Maratha Dharampuri), is just 2 km from the Taj Mahal complex. You can find local handicrafts and a range of sweets and other goods. If you don’t like spending hours queuing up to buy a few trinkets, then you can take a ride on a cycle rickshaw through the lanes of Khari Baoli and its adjacent bazaars.
There are many traditional markets in Khari Baoli, but the one you must visit is Khari Kanzaki. There are many rare and expensive old jewelry shops, exquisite handmade leather goods, and people selling embroidered apparel and ornaments. The Gate at Fatehpur Sikri The gate of Fatehpur Sikri is one of the most popular tourist spots in Agra.
Places in Agra to visit || Taj Mahal
The Qutub Minar and the Taj Mahal are the two most important historical monuments of Agra. Taj Mahal is a magnificent Mughal architecture masterpiece located in the Muslim Quarter of the city. Built-in style is known as “Taj-e-Bagh,” the Taj Mahal of Agra is one of the few surviving palaces of the Mughal era. The Taj Mahal and the Qutub Minar were designed by their architect, Khwaja Jai Singh, in 1632.
Both these structures are equally beautiful and covered in shikaras. Jaleshwar Mahadev Temple This famous temple is located just one kilometer from Agra Fort. The temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva. The idol is about 13 feet tall. The theme of the temple is white, while the idol is painted red. Many have been suggested that this temple is based on the Shivlinga.
Best Places to Visit in Agra || Fatehpur Sikri
Built on top of the fortress of Firoz Shah Tughlaq, Fatehpur Sikri has an intriguing past with its name derived from the term of the Mehta and Khatri families, who had ruled over the fort for four hundred years. One of the fascinating places to visit in Agra, Fatehpur Sikri, was completed by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan as a part of his mausoleum for his third son and was completed by his wife’s son after his death.
Situated only 2 miles away from Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri must visit for its architectural splendor. This place is regarded as one of the last remnants of the Mughal culture and architecture. You can also visit the Fort of Fatehpur Sikri during sunrise, which is quite mesmerizing. The Sikri Fort is one of the fascinating places to visit in Agra.
Best Places to Visit in Agra || Ram Bilas Mandir
The city is home to Ram Bilas Mandir. The temple is believed to be constructed during the 10th century. A step away from the city, this stepwell (Rani ki vav) has a breathtaking view of the Yamuna River. The walkway around this pool is lined with intricate bas relief carvings. The view is often compared to the Taj Mahal, which is a thought that would get you dizzy.
It is just that majestic! Raja Gulab Singh built the Durbar Hall; this structure is a time-warp back to the days of Mughal rule. The Durbar Hall is one of the best places to enjoy a traditional and authentic royal lifestyle experience. Sikri Darwaza This isn’t a typical gate! The building, a military quarter during British rule, was converted into a spice shop.
Places to visit in Agra in night || Akbar’s Tomb
The tomb is situated in the upper part of Fatehpur Sikri, which is on the banks of the Yamuna River. The Mughal Emperor Akbar built it in 1556. It is a popular attraction for tourists and visitors of Agra. A colossal marble monument, the tomb is 30 meters long and 10 meters wide, and its outer area is 17 meters high. The tomb is made of white marble in the shape of a Pata, and its design is similar to the tombs of Emperor Shahjahan’s son Aurangzeb.
It is just like the Taj Mahal’s tomb; this tomb has become a significant attraction for tourists and Mughal and Indian history enthusiasts. Akbar’s Tomb, Fatehpur Sikri Inside of the tomb, there is a well with a small water tank. Also, there is an aquarium-like octagon structure in which water lilies bloom.
Places to visit in Agra in one day || Itimad-Ud-Daulah
This hilltop town is an excellent sight to see in Agra. It was founded by Nawab Syed Ibrahim Khan – the grandfather of Emperor Aurangzeb. With all the beautiful views, the expansive lawns of the garden of Ustaad have become an ideal place to rest. You can also book an overnight stay at the luxurious property! Syed Mahal, The heritage hotel in Agra known for its traditional decor, is also the first in India to be conferred the Green Label by Green Globe.
It is a luxurious property with all modern facilities but retains its history with its traditional furniture, pictures, and scents. Paruta Dara Shahi Mahal Situated on the banks of the River Tawi, it was founded by Raja Ratanpal and had a beautiful backyard filled with Arabian palm trees.
Best Places to Visit in Agra || Mehtab Bagh
This is the central watering hole of Agra which was built during the reign of Babar in 1615. Built during 1569, it is also known as Jagan Minar because of its intricate carvings. Legend has it that on the night of 14th February 1749, the Wazir of India got drunk here and ordered the desecration of the Mausoleum of Shah Jahan, which resulted in the fall of the Mausoleum from the top of the tower. This is also the place where Shah Jahan had spent his last days and where he finally breathed his last. As you drive by, you can see the Taj Mahal in the distance. Chhoti Sadri, This was the house where Sultan Muhammad Shah spent his last days in Agra after he had lost his power to his son, Aurangzeb. | <urn:uuid:f2e63bd4-e10d-4083-815e-39a83aa4f485> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://traveltricky.com/places-to-visit-in-agra/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.968524 | 1,935 | 1.539063 | 2 |
8 Steps to Conquer the Beast Within
Fibromyalgia is my bête noire, a French term for "black beast" that has come to mean something to be avoided because it frightens us or can cause us harm. Many of us have bêtes noires: dark moods (Winston Churchill called depression his "black dog"), addiction, self-loathing, a tendency to lurk in the shrubbery near former lovers' homes holding a machete in one hand and The Complete Works of Keats in the other. Whatever your bête noire might be, you may think it will ruin your life. I beg to differ. Like other wild animals, your bête can be studied, understood—even tamed. If you want to be the handler of your beast, instead of its prey, grab a pencil and prepare to learn a bête noire tracking exercise that I call the Lifeline.
Download the Lifeline graph here | <urn:uuid:8144cc90-076a-448a-b6e2-a489136fbbd0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.oprah.com/spirit/martha-becks-plan-to-conquer-depression-pain-and-addiction | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.930462 | 201 | 1.898438 | 2 |
- curse used 101 times.
- cursed used 72 times.
- cursedst used twice.
- curses used 8 times.
- cursest used once.
- curseth used 10 times.
- cursing used 12 times.
- cursings used once.
- Included in Eastons: Yes
- Included in Hitchcocks: No
- Included in Naves: Yes
- Included in Smiths: No
- Included in Websters: Yes
- Included in Strongs: Yes
- Included in Thayers: Yes
- Included in BDB: Yes
- H1288 Used 3 times
- H2764 Used 4 times
- H3994 Used 4 times
- H423 Used 9 times
- H5344 Used 2 times
- H6895 Used 8 times
- H7043 Used 17 times
- H7045 Used 24 times
- H7621 Used 1 time
- H779 Used 14 times
- H8381 Used 1 time
- G2652 Used 1 time
- G2653 Used 1 time
- G2671 Used 3 times
- G2672 Used 4 times
- G332 Used 3 times
Denounced by God against the serpent (Genesis 3:14), and against Cain (4:11). These divine maledictions carried their effect with them. Prophetical curses were sometimes pronounced by holy men (Genesis 9:25; 49:7; Deuteronomy 27:15; Joshua 6:26). Such curses are not the consequence of passion or revenge, they are predictions.
No one on pain of death shall curse father or mother (Exodus 21:17), nor the prince of his people (22:28), nor the deaf (Leviticus 19:14). Cursing God or blaspheming was punishable by death (Leviticus 24:10-16). The words "curse God and die" (R.V., "renounce God and die"), used by Job's wife (Job 2:9), have been variously interpreted. Perhaps they simply mean that as nothing but death was expected, God would by this cursing at once interpose and destroy Job, and so put an end to his sufferings.
Against the serpent
Against Adam and Eve
Against the ground
Against Canaan, Noah's son
2 Kings 5:27
CURSE, verb transitive preterit tense and participle passive cursed or curst.
1. To utter a wish of evil against one; to imprecate evil upon; to call for mischief or injury to fall upon; to execrate.
Thou shalt not curse the ruler of thy people. Exodus 22:28.
Bless and curse not. Romans 12:14.
CURSE me this people, for they are too mighty for me. Numbers 22:6.
2. To injure; to subject to evil; to vex, harass or torment with great calamities.
On impious realms and barbarous kings impose thy plagues, and curse em with such sons as those.
3. To devote to evil.
CURSE, verb intransitive To utter imprecations; to affirm or deny with imprecations of divine vengeance.
Then began he to curse and to swear. Matthew 26:74.
1. Malediction; the expression of a wish of evil to another.
Shimei--who cured me with a grievous curse 1 Kings 2:8.
2. Imprecation of evil.
They entered into a curse and into an oath. Nehemiah 10:29.
3. Affliction; torment; great vexation.
I will make this city a curse to all nations. Jeremiah 26:6.
4. Condemnation; sentence of divine vengeance on sinners.
Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law. Galatians 3:10.
5. Denunciation of evil.
The priest shall write all these curses in a book. Numbers 5:18.
CURSED, participle passive
1. Execrated; afflicted; vexed; tormented; blasted by a curse.
2. Devoted to destruction.
Thou art cursed from the earth. Genesis 4:11.
3. adjective Deserving a curse; execrable; hateful; detestable; abominable.
4. adjective Vexatious; as a cursed quarrel; cursed thorns.
CURSEDLY, adverb In a cursed manner; enormously; miserably; in a manner to be cursed or detested. [A low word.]
CURSEDNESS, noun The state of being under a curse, or of being doomed to execration or to evil.
CURSER, noun One who curses, or utters a curse. | <urn:uuid:bd9612ec-b593-460b-8ea3-ff9368fd637c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kingjamesbibledictionary.com/Dictionary/curse | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.866846 | 1,089 | 2.375 | 2 |
2019 Camp details coming soon
Cultural studies give children the opportunity to learn about the world around them; the continents, the people and animals that live in the world. Children will experience and explore a variety of cultures including their people, customs, food and music. Physical Geography will teach the names of the continents, countries and both land and water forms. This is accomplished through group circle time activities and through the use of wooden puzzle maps, globes and land/water forms that the child is able to manipulate independently. It is through these studies that children will develop an understanding and appreciation of and a respect for the diversity of the world and their place in it. | <urn:uuid:0983b5d6-a2c3-4482-b5d1-ef1fa3192af7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.curlewmontessori.com/summer-camp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.963126 | 134 | 3.515625 | 4 |
Signage system for the Umeda Hospital designed by Kenya Hara (Hara Kenya)
From mega-hit flicks to best-selling cars, industrial designers prove power of design
The spectacular scenes in popular movies “Transformers 2,” “The Avengers” or “Wolverine 2” could not have been created without the final touches of Steve Jung, a concept artist and illustrator.
Cutting-edge combat planes shoot through the sky with an earsplitting roar and gigantic heroes and villains decked in shiny metal armor stamp the earth. Jung created such tangible images and sounds by realizing the abstract ideas of directors and producers.
“I think it is important that we understand what the clients are thinking and imagining, what factors they crave to be realized. It is important to create the visual images and moreover, give them faith that I can give them what they want that no one else can provide,” said Jung in a recent interview.
A good final touch can turn an old Coca-Cola bottle into a coveted “it” item, a fearsome hospital into a welcoming one, and a local carmaker into an internationally acclaimed one. In most cases, now, the final touch means a good design.
Talented industrial designers are in high demand regardless of the industry as companies begin to realize that design can make a difference.
“In most people’s vocabularies, design means veneer. It’s interior decorating. It’s the fabric of the curtains or the sofa. But to me, nothing could be further from the meaning of design. Design is the fundamental soul of a human-made creation that ends up expressing itself in successive outer layers of the product or service,” Steve Jobs, the late founder and former CEO of the design-oriented company Apple, once said.
Bruce Duckworth from Turner Duckworth, a brand design agency based in London and San Francisco, repackaged Coca-Cola bottles and cans in the most simple way: by coloring them red.
The simple packaging stood out on the beverage shelves of supermarkets, which were saturated with florescent bottles and cans at the time, and brought up sales. The simple idea, lauded as the “best Coca-Cola design ever,” won the designer the Cannes Lions Grand Prix in 2008 and 200 other awards.
Kenya Hara, a graphic designer who currently serves as art director of Japanese retailer Muji, softened the ambience at Umeda Hospital in Japan, which had been somewhat austere and intimidating, with white linen.
Considering that mostly pregnant women and nursing mothers spend time in the hospital that specializes in obstetrics and pediatrics, the designer made signs for floor levels or toilets with the white, welcoming linen.
“I also endeavored to make them washable. The reason I used easily soiled cotton is that the high level of hospitality of the facility would be visible in its maintenance of the pure white of the signs,” Hara said in an interview.
The name Peter Schreyer became widely known in South Korea after the former Audi/Volkswagen designer upgraded the image of Kia Motors after joining the South Korean group in 2006 as the Chief Design Officer.
The acclaimed car designer pepped up Kia cars, which used to be considered out-of-date, with innovative designs including the new Kia family look represented by the tiger-like nose grille.
Reborn with a chic, stylish image, the carmaker’s sales soared. It sold about 254 million cars in the global market last year, which was an 81.6 percent increase compared to 2008. In the first half of this year, the company has already sold nearly 140 million cars. The carmaker’s designs swept international awards, including world’s three top design awards ― iF, reddot and IDEA ― as well.
“I always try to concentrate on the big picture. So my priority is Kia’s development as a brand, to build up Kia’s brand image as one of the leading car makers worldwide,” the design guru said in a recent email interview with The Korea Herald.
By Park Min-young (firstname.lastname@example.org) | <urn:uuid:db8669c1-de89-42f9-b354-140bd3105978> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20120919000927 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.94943 | 890 | 1.6875 | 2 |
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World road champion: Chantal Blaak.
World time trial champion: Annemiek van Vleuten.
Olympic road champion and Women’s WorldTour leader: Anna van der Breggen.
European road champion: Marianne Vos.
European time trial champion: Ellen van Dijk.
The Dutch are as dominant as ever in women’s cycling. Of course, this may not seem like a new thing. Throughout the past 12 years, Marianne Vos has graced the top step of the podium more times than any other rider in the sport’s history, just as Leontien van Moorsel had made history of her own before her. What is remarkable, however, is the sheer number of strong Dutch in the current peloton. There’s not just one rider leading the charge, it’s a whole generation.
This became especially apparent at the 2017 UCI Road World Championships in Bergen, Norway, where all eyes were on the all-powerful orange squad. A winner was sure to come from within this team, but the question was who? Any one of the eight riders had the potential to win, and other nations were forced to gamble.
In the team time trial, the Dutch-registered Sunweb team upset race-favourites and fellow Dutch-registered team, Boels-Dolmans. In the individual time trial, the Dutch took silver and gold. In the road race, it was Chantal Blaak who took the honours, earning The Netherlands their tenth Word Championships victory.
While the Dutch women are always a force to be reckoned with, the wide-spread dominance of the current generation is unprecedented. So we asked: how did the Dutch women get to be so strong?
Dutch pioneering in women’s cycling
To get to where the Dutch are today, we have to glance back in history. Long before the Dutch cycling federation started recognising women’s racing in the 1960s, women have been part of it. Often considered the pioneer of Dutch women’s cycling, Mien van Bree earned several medals and titles in the 1930s, although she had to travel and even live in other countries to compete. By the end of the decade, she’d become a two-time unofficial world champion (the first official UCI World Championships weren’t held till 1958) and European champion, but her cycling career was abruptly halted when the Second World War broke out.
After the women’s World Championships became a recognised event, Keetie van Hage was the first official Dutch world road champion in 1968. Van Hage repeated her win in 1976, taking over the rainbow jersey from compatriot Tineke Fopma. Van Hage earned another six Worlds medals on the road and also won four gold medals on the track.
Petra de Bruijn earned the Dutch their fourth road Worlds title in 1979, but after that, the Netherlands had to make do without a world road champion throughout the eighties – although they did take silver and bronze in 1987.
In the nineties, a new name appeared, and it was a name that would be at the top of race results for years: Leontien van Moorsel.
While the Dutch women before her had had a prominent place in women’s cycling, Van Moorsel was the first to absolutely dominate. Her intense rivalry with Frenchwoman Jeannie Longo is still one of the most (in)famous rivalries in modern women’s cycling history.
Van Moorsel won almost everything there was to win. She’s a two-time world road and time trial champion, a two-time Olympic gold medalist in the time trial and the 2000 Olympic road champion. Additionally, she took a handful of Olympic and world titles on the track, and held the world hour record from 2003 until 2015.
Although Van Moorsel was in a league of her own, compatriots Monique Knol, Chantal Beltman and Mirjam Melchers earned plenty of victories of their own at World Cup events.
This generation was the first wave of female professional cyclists to enjoy increased media coverage, which certainly played a part in inspiring and fostering young Dutch girls to take up cycling.
The Vos era
A new era commenced in 2006, when the then 19-year-old Marianne Vos bested Germany’s Trixi Worrack and Great Britain’s Nicole Cooke at the World Championships in Austria.
Today, Vos hardly needs an introduction. She’s a three-time road world road champion, seven-time cyclocross world champion, five-time World Cup series winner, an Olympic champion on the road and the track, and holds several national and European titles as well.
After a decade-long domination, you’d be hard-pressed to find a race on the elite calendar that she hasn’t already won. A living legend, Vos continues to be a race favourite whenever she lines up.
But in the past few years, the competition has risen to meet her and the level of women’s cycling is higher than ever before. Her stiffest competition, may just be her compatriots however.
The brink of another Dutch era
As Vos struggled with injuries these past few seasons, compatriot Anna van der Breggen took her spot at the top. Since 2012, Van der Breggen has had one career-best season after another, highlighted by three consecutive Flèche Wallone wins, two Giro Rosa victories, the European road race title, the 2017 UCI Women’s WorldTour series title, Olympic bronze in the time trial and the Olympic gold medal in the road race.
In 2017 she made history when she became the first woman to win the “Triple Crown” by winning all three Ardennes Classics —a feat that has only been done twice before at the hands of Philippe Gilbert and Davide Rebellion.
While she’s already got four World Championship medals in her trophy chest, the rainbow stripes eludes her still.
It was her fellow Dutch women, Annemiek van Vleuten and Chantal Blaak that beat her to it in this year’s World Championship time trial and road race —both big contributors to this generation of Dutch dominance.
Van Vleuten, especially, has been coming into her own these past few seasons, emerging as a formidable climber and time trialist. If it hadn’t been for her crash, she would have likely been the winner of Rio Olympic road race in 2016. But as awful as the crash had looked, Van Vleuten made an impressive comeback, returning stronger than ever before.
In 2017, she enjoyed her best season yet, kicking off the UCI season with a win at the Cadel Evans Great Ocean Road Race followed by podiums at various spring classics, a win the Dutch national time trial championships, an incredible performance at the Giro Rosa where she ended in third, and absolutely dominated the two-day La Course. The rainbow jersey in the World Championship time trial in September was the icing on the cake, but she has since also won the Dutch national MTB Marathon title and will spend the winter chasing some track aspirations.
Where is this strength coming from?
“We’ve always been strong, but this is pretty incredible,” Vos told Ella CyclingTips ahead of the World Championship road race.
Her theory behind their dominance? Youth development, structure, visibility and a high level of competition.
A big pond
“There has always been some level of appreciation for women’s cycling [in the Netherlands],” Vos explained. “Since the very first women’s world championships, we’ve had Dutch women who won races.”
The fact that women were active in the sport, that they were successful and visible, and received respect, was essential for the inspiration and development of the next generation of riders, Vos said. It has built up over decades and generations, to eventually result in the powerhouse that the Netherlands is today.
Mien van Bree founded The Netherlands’ first women’s cycling club in 1930, and the Dutch cycling federation, KNWU, reports that as of 2016, there are 214 elite and amateur racing club with a women’s component, and 536 touring (non-racing) clubs. Additionally, a 2014 survey conducted by GfK showed that 1.2 million Dutch adults participate in some competitive cycling activity once a month.
Furthermore, with four Dutch-registered women’s WorldTour pro teams, and numerous WorldTour and top level UCI races taking place on Dutch soil, there is plenty of exposure to racing, making it far less of a niche sport as it is in other countries.
As such, “it’s pretty normal for girls to take up cycling, which is different from other countries,” Anna van der Breggen told Ella CyclingTips. “And so there is a big pond of talent from which the federation can pick talents to develop.”
Dutch national coach Thorwald Veneberg said that not only is there a great number of talent, there’s a structure in place to support them.
“The Netherlands has developed a great structure in the sport, with clubs and both professional and amateur women’s teams,” Veneberg said. “This means women have the opportunity to train and develop at their own level and with other women, instead of always having to train with men.”
Furthermore, access doesn’t just mean access to cycling clubs, it also means having access to bikes and safe roads to ride on. The Netherlands is well known for its bicycling culture and infrastructure, and surely that plays a part into transitioning commuters into competitive riders.
“Because the Netherlands is such a cycling-oriented country, there’s an infrastructure that’s safe and stimulating for cyclists,” said Veneberg. “From a young age, kids cycle to school instead of being brought by car or picked up by the school bus.”
An early start
“I think that the current generation is so strong because all these girls started young and knew that ‘if I want to do this, I have to give it my absolute all’,” said Vos.
“Anna [van der Breggen] started riding as a young girl, Ellen [van Dijk] too. We have gone through all the steps from the youth categories to the junior categories and then the pros. I think we grew through the ranks together like that and I do think that we push one another.”
What’s worth mentioning here, however, is that unlike competitive cycling in Australia or the United States, there’s isn’t a strict or comprehensive category system in place. While there’s a difference between local club racing and professional racing, at most races, female riders ages 18 and up are thrown together into one field.
While in the long-run this could be problematic in growing the sport, this has been less of a hurdle in The Netherlands due to the fact that riders tend to come to the sport at a younger age. By the time the riders progress from the junior level to the elite level, they have the fitness, race-saviness and skills to hold their own.
That doesn’t mean there isn’t a significant drop off rate, however, but the talent pool remains strong, Anna van der Breggen told Ella CyclingTips.
“Yes, our generation is a strong one, with Ellen, Roxane [Knetemann] and Marianne, but from my age group, I’m the only one left,” Van der Breggen said. “But I do think the sport is healthy and a whole new generation of strong girls is up and coming. And I hope we, at the top, can be an inspiration as well.”
Former Dutch coach Johan Lammerts said he’s seen a definite growth in the popularity of the sport among Dutch girls, and it’s that youth development that gives the Dutch an advantage.
“Because of the popularity of the sport with girls and women, the pelotons are big, which forces you to develop technical skills. You can tell that Dutch women have an edge over riders from other countries in that area, for example in mass sprints. Having learned and perfected these techniques from an early age is a big plus,” Lammerts said. “It’s the infrastructure of clubs and races to thank for.”
Structure and support
While crediting Lady Luck for initiating a popularity of the sport among Dutch women, Talent Coach of the Dutch cycling federation, Peter Zijerveld, credits structure for keeping it going.
“In my opinion, having such a strong generation of Dutch female cyclists has a lot to do with luck,” Zijerveld told Ella CyclingTips. “It was a matter of coincidence that we had a number of talented individuals who took up cycling and were successful. This started in the eighties, with Leontien van Moorsel, and later Marianne Vos.”
“But this did lead to an increased focus on women’s cycling, which led to the development of cycling clubs that provide an infrastructure for girls to train. The race calendar expanded and teams with good staff were set up — most notably, Team Rabobank.”
Recognising its potential for medals and growth, women’s cycling has been a focal point for the Dutch federation for a number of years.
“At the top, athletes enjoy a stable and solid support from NOC*NSF [the Dutch Olympic committee and sports federation], allowing more Dutch female cyclists to become full-time athletes,” Veneberg pitched in. “We offer additional support at the KNWU, since women’s cycling has been a focal point for us for years.”
This support comes in the form of stipends as well as the resources like access to professional experts, testing and equipment.
The financial support comes largely from the Dutch Olympic committee and sports federation. If an athlete has ‘status’ — meaning her race results qualify her for national selection or she’s a potential medal winner — she’s eligible for various resources and a monthly stipend of up to 2000 Euros a month.
The Dutch federation meanwhile provides race opportunities year-round for riders of all levels, regular training camps for the Dutch national selections, and a development team for up-and-coming riders to gain international racing experience.
The next generation is coming up fast
Looking ahead, another strong Dutch generation is knocking at the door, Van der Breggen said.
“A new generation is coming and I think there’s a great group of talented girls in there,” said Van der Breggen. “It’s hard to predict exactly how it will all unfold, but what I see is that there are a couple of really good ones in there.”
However, with the sport that is ever evolving and especially since women’s cycling is growing so fast, Vos warned that further development in the way the sport is structured is needed to help young riders develop to the top of the elite level.
“It is getting harder to take that step from the junior category to the women elite, which has everything to do with the current [high] level of women’s cycling,” Vos said.
“You start missing an in-between step —a development category. It’s too big a step from the junior category now. There’s no fun in being dropped straight after the neutral leadout.”
But Vos is optimistic, pointing to the addition of an U23 category at championships events as a good sign.
“It’s growing,” Vos said. “We’ll have an U23 world championship before long. Women’s cycling is growing and that’s a good thing.”
Whatever the Dutch are doing, it’s working for them. Cycling is booming in The Netherlands and that’s reflected in the top level of the sport. Of course, when you’ve got a long-standing cycling culture in place — both in terms of daily bike commuting and a long history of the sport — you’re starting off with an advantage over countries where cycling isn’t commonplace. But the youth-focused structure, well-supported programs and race opportunities are to be credited as well. Not to mention having plenty of stars for young riders to look up to.
Luckily, other countries are taking note and catching up. The Dutch may be leading the charge right now, but if we’re looking at the U23 peloton, the Italians — another historically strong country — have a strong generation coming up. And in the elites, we see some strong talent emerging from the US and Australia as well. What all this means is that the level of women’s cycling is higher than ever before, which makes for great spectating. We can safely say that the future of women’s cycling is looking bright. | <urn:uuid:dc019881-47f5-4ccf-a229-ebdf877a6534> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cyclingtips.com/2017/11/dutch-domination-in-womens-cycling-a-generation-of-champions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.963875 | 3,644 | 1.835938 | 2 |
New Delhi: Former United States national security advisor John Bolton has said that if the Sino-India border tensions escalate, there is no guarantee that US President Donald Trump will back India against China.
China has been behaving in a belligerent fashion all around its periphery, certainly in the East and South China sea, and its relations with Japan, India as well as others have declined, Bolton told WION TV in an interview.
On how far Trump was prepared to go to back India against China, he said, “I don’t know which way he would go and I don’t think he knows either. I think he sees the geostrategic relationship with China, for example, exclusively through the prism of trade.”
“I don’t know what Trump will do after the November elections once the guard rail is removed… He’ll be back to the big China trade deal. If things were to develop between India and China in a more critical fashion, I’m not sure where he would come down,” the former US envoy to the UN said.
Asked if he believes that if things were to escalate between India and China, there is no guarantee that Trump will back India against China, Bolton said, “That is correct”.
Bolton also said he does not think Trump knows anything about the history of these clashes over the decades between India and China.
Trump may have been briefed on it, but history doesn’t really stick with him, said Bolton, who was the US NSA from April 2018 to September 2019 under the Trump administration.
“I think his gut instinct for the next four months is to take anything off the table that complicates what is already a difficult election campaign for him,” Bolton said.
“So what he (Trump) would want is quiet along with the border whether it benefits China or India. From his point of view — No news is good news,” he said.
The Indian and Chinese armies were locked in the bitter standoff in multiple locations in eastern Ladakh for the last eight weeks. The tension escalated manifold after the Galwan Valley clashes in which 20 Indian Army personnel were killed.
Both sides have held several rounds of diplomatic and military talks in the last few weeks to ease tension in the region. | <urn:uuid:2a037590-2337-4b98-9b32-81170b2f5ce9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kashmirreader.com/2020/07/11/no-guarantee-trump-will-back-india-against-china-if-tensions-escalate-former-us-nsa-john-bolton/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.982176 | 480 | 1.640625 | 2 |
I still don’t know who tried to murder Alexei Navalny. Unfortunately, despite its new sanctions on six Russian officials and the State Research Institute for Organic Chemistry and Technology (GosNIIOKhT), I suspect the European Union doesn’t either.
That didn’t stop them, though, and while I absolutely understand and sympathize with the need to act, I cannot help but feel this pressure can sometimes force governments to do something soon, rather than do something smart.
Ever since Navalny collapsed with nerve agent poisoning on 20 Aug., the question has been who was behind the attack.
The Kremlin? Some corrupt official whose embezzlement was being exposed? A grandee who could assume Vladimir Putin would approve, or at least accept? Although the subsequent revelation that a new variety of the now-infamous novichok nerve poison was used made a direct state connection more plausible, we still don’t seem to know. In a way it is irrelevant.
The Kremlin has rolled out a full-spectrum campaign to deny, deflect and disinform, signaling that even if — if — it wasn’t behind the attack, it certainly is blessing it and standing behind whoever was involved.
Of course, it may be that European intelligence agencies have already unraveled the details of the plot.
If that is the case, it would be understandable that they would not necessarily say so at this time, unwilling to reveal their access and jeopardize their sources.
To be honest, though, were that the case, I would have expected some kind of hints or rumors in this age of spin and leaks. An unnamed source complacently affirming that there are “strong grounds” for the specific targeting of sanctions, for example, or a national intelligence service’s usual media cheerleaders hinting that it was they, and not the other agencies, that brought home the goods.
The usual suspects
As is, though, when one looks at the actual targets of the sanctions, the phrase ‘’round up the usual suspects” does come to mind.
They are Alexander Bortnikov, head of the Federal Security Service (FSB); Sergei Kiriyenko, first deputy head of the Presidential Administration and Andrei Yarin, head of its domestic policy directorate; two deputy defense ministers, Alexei Krivoruchko and Pavel Popov; and Sergei Menyaylo, presidential representative to the Siberian Federal District.
In every case, the official justification is simply that it is “reasonable to conclude” that they had to have consented to the attack.
Navalny was under constant FSB scrutiny (which the agency itself has admitted), so Bortnikov bears responsibility. By the same token, the Presidential Administration must have known, hence Kiriyenko’s and Yarin’s names on the list, along with Menyaylo’s. Novichok stocks ought to have been destroyed, and so Popov (whose remit covers military research) and Krivoruchko (responsible for armaments) are considered to share the blame with GosNIIOKhT, for not ensuring they were all gone.
Maybe so, and I am sure people like Bortnikov and Kiriyenko don’t need me standing up for them. They are all active, enthusiastic members of a regime which bears at very least the moral responsibility for Navalny’s poisoning. I am sure most at the very least know the full story, by now if not beforehand.
Yet for all that, this does look like a pretty weak basis for sanctions. Remaining covert poison laboratories actually appear to be under FSB and Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR) control, not the military. Yes, this puts Bortnikov in the frame, and given that military intelligence (GU) operatives were issued novichok for their attack on Sergei Skripal in 2018, the defense ministry must presumably have been aware of this on some level, but then why target GosNIIOKhT (which likely had no jurisdiction) and why not target the head of the GU, Igor Kostyukov? If Kiriyenko and Yarin were in the know, would they not also have told their boss, Anton Vaino?
In short, while it may be that all these individuals do share direct or indirect responsibility, as initiators, accomplices or simply retrospective sympathizers, this is hardly a full cast of the guilty. If anything, it looks like an admission of ignorance: targeting people on the basis of a presumption of guilt. In the process, people who likely were more directly involved are almost certainly omitted. The lesson is thus that you can still get away with (attempted) murder, which is presumably exactly the opposite of what the EU hoped.
The usual gestures
In any case, a bigger question is whether these sanctions are anything more than a passing and symbolic gesture, made as a substitute to tougher, more ambitious, more imaginative measures that might have taken more time and political will to prepare.
Personal sanctions absolutely have a place in modern diplomacy. They are especially useful in excluding individuals who may cause direct mischief — and their often-questionable money, which tends to be what makes them problematic. For individuals with particular assets or interests in the West, this can be genuinely irksome, whether preventing them from enjoying their mansions and penthouses or — the most vicious blow of all — keeping them from a beloved dog.
There is also a role for the gesture in international politics, especially when directed at a regime which clearly does care about its image, its claim to being a serious world power.
However, they are also a wasting asset. Bortnikov, after all, has already been on the EU sanctions list since 2014.
The more they are used on a particular state, the less their impact. Furthermore, elites such as Russia’s are increasingly ‘nationalized.’ Those close to the Kremlin are not only being encouraged to bring their money home and cut their links with the West (not least through banning dual citizenship for top officials), they are themselves seeking to minimize their vulnerability to sanctions.
Besides which, there is no evidence they actually influence Russian policy. Putin has ensured that some of his closest cronies have been recompensed for losses from sanctions in the past, but overall simply seems to regard it as part of the price of political war with the West. Officials get to embezzle as a perk of their job; if they get caught at home or suffer economic losses from sanctions at home, that’s their problem.
None of this means that the targets of these sanctions are poor, misunderstood victims. For some, their connection with the attack seems more plausible than others, but all are members of a regime which does poison, shoot and otherwise target its enemies with impunity. This measure will no doubt irk the Kremlin, and we can expect histrionic complaints, heavy-handed sarcasm and maybe more direct countermeasures in the hours and weeks to come.
It won’t hurt the Kremlin, though, and likely won’t affect its future actions. It would be a shame if a desire to do something — anything — now prevented continued thought about further measures which might actually make an impression on a regime which has come to take these kind of sanctions in its stride. | <urn:uuid:b5a24d8a-9012-4725-a2ee-48cc612779f3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2020/10/15/eus-navalny-sanctions-miss-the-mark-a71765 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.969544 | 1,524 | 1.5625 | 2 |
When Apple launched Big Sur, the seventeenth macOS version, many celebrated. People waiting long for the Catalina successor to be launched. It was initially planned to be rolled out last June 2020. But it officially came out on November 12, 2020.
Big Sur was designed to bring major changes to the operating system with updates to the user interface, improvements to security, support for ARM64-based processors, and so much more. And knowing that Catalina has caused problems for many users, it’s not surprising why the world anticipated and hoped that Big Sur would end all of them.
10 Ways to Fix the “An Error Occurred While Installing the Selected Updates” Error
In the section below, we offer some solutions to the “error occurred while installing the selected updates” error. You don’t have to test each fix, though. We suggest you go through the fixes first and try the best one that applies to your situation.
Fix #1: Wait a Bit.
Some affected users may encounter the “an error occurred while installing the selected updates” error when the servers of Apple become overloaded. And in this case, extending your patience may be helpful. This fix is practical and relevant if the software update has just been rolled out, such as a major system update release.
Pro Tip: Scan your Mac for performance issues, junk files, harmful apps, and security threats
that can cause system issues or slow performance.
Luckily, it is easy to check if Apple is currently having issues with its server or macOS Software Update component. Just go to Apple’s System Status page and see if there is an ongoing outage or issue with the macOS Software Update component.
If an issue is discovered, simply wait for Apple’s engineers and technicians to fix the problem on their server. Otherwise, you may conclude that the error message is not caused by any server-related problem.
Fix #2: Reboot Your Mac.
Sometimes, rebooting your Mac is all you need to do to resolve the error. A quick reboot gives your Mac a fresh start, meaning there’ll be no unnecessary processes that run in the background and consume your available resources for nothing.
Fix #3: Check If Your Mac Is Connected to the Internet.
Other users found that the “an error occurred while installing the selected updates” error occurs due to a failed internet connection or a DNS problem.
To resolve this, check if your Mac is connected online. Start by launching Safari and visiting a website of your choice. Ensure it loads the page correctly.
Now, if you are experiencing DNS problems, you may want to verify whether the custom DNS setting has been enabled or if your ISP’s DNS servers are online. If any of those servers are offline, you may encounter problems with downloading patches and software updates.
If you suspect your DNS server is the culprit, consider using a common DNS such as Google’s 220.127.116.11 OR OpenDNS’s 18.104.22.168.
Fix #4: Reset or Restart Your Router.
If you keep on seeing the error message whenever you try to download any available update, it is likely that you are dealing with a network glitch. And in that case, you may keep on seeing the updated failed error message.
If this situation applies to you, simply perform a router reset or restart.
Restarting Your Router
Restarting your router allows you to clear any cached IP or TCP data. To restart it, find the Power button. It’s often located at the back of the router. Press it once to disable the power source. Once the power is cut from the router, disconnect the cable from the power source and wait for at least one minute before plugging it back in. This will give the capacitors enough time to drain. After that, restart your route and try to install the failed update. See if the error message is no longer there.
Resetting Your Router
If restarting your router does not fix the error, the next practical step is to reset its configuration. This is to ensure that there is no network-related configuration or cached data that is preventing your system from updating. To reset your router, find the built-in reset button. However, take note that you can only reach it using a sharp object like a needle. Press and hold it for at least 15 seconds until all the LEDs flash together. Your reset should be successfully reset by now.
Fix #5: Be Sure Your macOS Is Not Enrolled in Any Beta Update.
If you are downloading a final macOS version, and it is failing, then it is likely that you might be enrolled in the beta program. According to some affected users, they have experienced the “an error occurred while installing the selected updates” error since they are enrolled in the beta updates.
Unenrolling from these updates can fix the error in such a case. To do this, go to the Software Update System Preference section, select Details, and click Restore Defaults. This will unenroll your Mac from receiving any beta updates.
Fix #6: Download the macOS Installer Directly.
This fix is more of an alternative because it bypasses the software update process of Macs. What you will do is simply download the macOS installer through the App Store or using a direct download link. You can also download the complete macOS installer application via the command line or other third-party apps.
Once you have the installer with you, it will be easier to launch it without experiencing the “installation failed” error.
Fix #7: Delete the Kernel Extension Software.
As mentioned above, kernel extension software programs like CPU Gadget, Little Snitch, and Parallels are common culprits that trigger the installation failed error. If any of these programs are installed on your Mac, uninstall them temporarily before proceeding with the installation of the macOS version.
- Launch Finder from the Launchbar.
- Then go to the Applications tab and find the kernel extension software at fault.
- Right-click on it and select the Move to Trash option.
- If prompted, input your username and password to give the necessary permissions to the application uninstallation.
- Once complete, restart your device and wait for the next startup to finish.
- Install the update again.
Fix #8: Reset the PRAM and NVRAM Caches.
If none of the above fixes worked, another possible culprit you are dealing with is a PRAM or NVRAM issue. It can prevent your system from dealing with any temp files. And in this scenario, resetting the PRAM or NVRAM can do the trick.
Here’s how to reset the PRAM and NVRAM caches:
- Shut down your Mac.
- Once it is completely turned off, switch it on and press and hold these keys immediately: Option + CMD + P + R
- Press the keys for about 20 seconds or more.
- When your Mac prompts you to do a restart, do not let go of the keys yet.
- Wait for 2 startup tones before you release the keys.
- Once the next startup is done, install the pending update and see if the error message is gone.
Fix #9: Remove the iTunes Entries from the Hosts File.
Some users said that the error message could be a result of a bad Hosts file, which may be interrupting the entire update process. In dealing with the issue, they accessed the Hosts file and removed the problematic entries.
Here’s a guide on how they did it:
- Use the Launchpad to find the Finder app.
- When the Finder app is open, go to the Applications tab and find the Terminal app. Click on it to open it.
- Inside the app, input this command and hit Enter: sudo nano /etc/hosts.
- Enter your password if prompted.
- Once the /Hosts file is open, scroll through the list and find this entry: 127.0.0.1 osxapps.itunes.apple.com.
- Then delete the line from the /Hosts file to completely remove it.
- Next, press the Ctrl + O keys to save the changes.
- Exit the Nano Editor app and restart your Mac.
Fix #10: Use Outbyte MacAries.
Sometimes, all you need to do is to optimize your Mac to ensure the pending update is installed. And for that, you need a trustworthy and reliable software program like Outbyte MacAries.
To use it, download the software first. Then open the installer. You should get a .pkg file. Then double-click on the installer to start the installation process. Once it is installed, you can then start optimizing your Mac and get rid of junk files that affect your system’s performance.
There you have it! We hope that this article has helped you get rid of the “an error occurred while installing the selected updates” message that is preventing you from installing macOS updates.
Now, if the error still keeps on popping after trying the fixes above, we suggest that you reach out to Apple’s support team. You can also take your device to the nearest Apple Center and have a certified Apple technician perform a complete check.
If you have other fixes in mind, please share them in the comments!
Ivan is a tech enthusiast who has always been fascinated by the latest gadgets and devices. Growing up, he was always the one who volunteered to test out the new software or phone update. He loved finding ways to make technology work better for him and his friends.
Ivan is a self-proclaimed techie and he loves nothing more than writing about the latest gadgets, apps, software, and games on Software Tested. He’s always up-to-date on the latest trends and he’s passionate about sharing his knowledge with others. If you’re looking for insights and opinions on the latest tech products, Ivan is your go-to source.
Ivan has been writing about technology for years and he has a wealth of knowledge to share. He has a keen eye for spotting new products and services that are worth writing about. If you’re looking for an in-depth, opinionated take on the latest tech products, ask Ivan is your go-to source. Whether you’re a tech enthusiast or just trying to keep up with the latest trends, Ivan’s articles are sure to give you something to think about. | <urn:uuid:86e8cb9c-acb7-4501-b053-a43956e7e893> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://softwaretested.com/mac/how-to-fix-error-occurred-while-installing-the-selected-updates-on-macos/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.901186 | 2,208 | 2.015625 | 2 |
By Airwaves writer Zach Brown (please add your comments in our online forum at the bottom of this article.)
The announcement of the new Collegiate 420 by Laser Performance sprung an interesting discussion about the many boats available to collegiate sailing programs around the country. There are more dinghy manufacturers and more boat options than ever before. This article will discuss the current landscape of boats sailed at major programs, the increased fleet options available, and whether or not there is a competitive advantage to owning a specific fleet of boats.
The Current Landscape
Presently there are five doublehanded dinghies in college sailing: FJs, 420s, Fireflies, Techs, and Larks. Each boat is unique and teaches different skill sets that are all valuable to becoming a well rounded and successful sailor. The Holy Grail, also know as the perfect dinghy for all intercollegiate programs, simply cannot exist because not all sailing venues are the same. The best boat to sail on a small river or lake is not suitable for a choppy open water venue.
The FJ is the most common college sailing dinghy. Roughly fifty-four percent of programs own a fleet of FJs. Light teams weighing less than 260 pounds gain a significant advantage in soft winds. Strong winds favor a heavier combined crew weight of approximately 295 pounds. Bigger skippers benefit from balancing more weight aft in the boat, which pops up the bow and increases upwind and downwind speed.
The Club 420 is the second most sailed boat of college sailing. Approximately forty-three percent of all programs throughout the country own a full fleet of 420s. The 420 has a very flat aft hull surface which dictates the quirks associated with the boat. While the flatness aides in stable planing, it makes sailing the boat over 275 pounds rather difficult in light winds due to all the wetted surface area. A light weight team of 255 pounds will have a speed advantage in less wind, but the very large centerboard powers the dinghy up dramatically in breezy conditions requiring much more crew weight. Schools must attend regattas sailed in 420s with a range of crew sizes to compete in varying wind velocities.
The Firefly is a popular British University boat that has finally made its way into the American college sailing scene with a few modifications including a gnav strut kicker for the boomvang and a reef point so it’s easy to reduce sail area in windy conditions. Although Fireflies are currently only sailed at MIT on the Charles River in Boston, don’t be surprised to see more fleets popping up at universities limited to flat water shifty venues.
The deep hull is a fully rounded surface which makes it possible for heavier teams to be equally competitive with smaller ones in light winds. The tapered mast depowers the mainsail in heavy breeze so larger teams do not gain a relative advantage. Quick crew work is a requisite for the firefly because tacking is fast and favorable. The Firefly is the ultimate short course team race dinghy that gets around the race course easily in light winds and rarely has kinetics rules violations.
Even though it’s only raced at MIT and UW Madison, the infamous Tech Dinghy is a staple for the NEISA and MCSA districts. This simple design created in 1935 has set the technology curve in college sailing multiple times; first with the introduction of fiberglass boat building technology in 1953 and now in 2012 with its 6th generation creation of an all carbon boat. Over 2000 people are introduced to sailing through the Tech Dinghy every year. The indestructible Techs are a flat water venue dinghy suitable for singlehanded or doublehanded racing. The boats are easy to tack and great for light wind shifty conditions.
Techs are famous for equaling the playing field of college sailing because everyone has the same boat speed and there is no benefit to sailing light. It is almost a rite of passage in NEISA to have a mental breakdown in a Tech on the Charles River due to the competitive nature of Techs and the challenging venue of the River. Overcoming the challenge of the Tech Dinghy teaches sailors plenty of lessons that are valuable for the rest of their sailing career.
Some new designs for MIT’s 6th generation Tech Dinghy include: increased sail area to 84 sq ft, mainsheet controlled from mid boom instead end of boom, ease of planing, greater speed that exceeds FJs and 420s in many conditions, and ease of recovery after a capsize with minimal water to bail.
The Lark is only raced in college sailing regattas at Tufts University in a suburb of Boston, but Wesleyan University in Connecticut and many British Universities sail the boat as well. The Lark is incredibly similar to a Firefly with its hull shape, bendy rig, and ease to tack. The Tufts Larks could not suit Mystic Lake better with its extra large square top main sail and carbon rig making it easy to get races off and have productive practices in shifty unreliable wind conditions. An ideal flat water venue dinghy, the Lark is one of the fastest boats in college sailing. Because the Lark accelerates so quickly and speed almost doubles, sailors can sometimes chase a filling puff instead of waiting for it to arrive.
The Changing Landscape
College sailing equipment is changing rapidly due to the design of new boats and emergence of more boat builders. The sport is improving from the increased focus of boat builders like Laser Performance, Rondar Raceboats USA, and Zim Sailing. The battleground for these manufacturers takes place on the price, durability, quality, service, and suitability of the boats.
Laser Performance produces the majority of college sailing boats through the traditional offering of the Club 420 and the FJ. Over the last few years Laser Performance has committed considerable resources redesigning the 420 for increased speed, performance, and durability while maintaining the price point. The exact release date for the Laser Performance Collegiate 420 hasn’t been released yet, but it has been confirmed that St. Mary’s College will host the 2014 ICSA Coed College Sailing Nationals in this new dinghy. Features of the Collegiate 420 include a core layer in the hull and deck that makes the boat twenty pou
nds lighter and significantly stronger with a closed forward bulkhead. Other small changes include inboard jib leads, an integrated bow bumper, and new fittings.
Rondar Raceboats USA
Rondar Raceboats has been making high quality boats since 1964. Their success is well known in non-college sailing classes such as the 505, Firefly, Viper 640, and the K6. This long established “new comer” to college sailing offers sailing programs the choices of the Rondar 420, the Firefly, and the Tech Dinghy. The Rondar 420 is similar to the Collegiate 420 with two forward bulkheads, a fully cored hull, and resin infusion. Although initial pricing is slightly higher than the mainstream brands, Rondar’s representative claimed the “whole life” costs of their boats are considerably cheaper than any of the current choices. MIT has bought into this idea with a fleet of Rondar 420s, 20 Rondar Fireflies, and a new fleet of Rondar made Carbon Tech Dinghies.
Zim 420s and FJs are another new comer to the college sailing scene. Zim has already made its way into the hands of many schools including Columbia University, Fordham University, SUNY Maritime, University of Connecticut, and University of New Hampshire. SUNY Maritime coach Russ O’Reilly has been pleased with the boats, the service, and the price of his Zim 420s. O’Reilly specifically noted that the service was top notch with each boat assembled, tested, and inspected by a team of Zim builders.
With five unique college boats available now, new boats coming in the near future, and three different boat manufacturers, fleet selection become harder for some college sailing programs. Clearly there is a competitive advantage to owning some FJs because the majority of college sailing interconference regattas are raced in FJs. But, that does not mean every school should have a full fleet of FJs. Selecting the proper dinghy based on the conditions of a program’s venue is the top priority. Supplementing the fleet with a group of at least six other boats is a great way to diversify and properly prepare for each weekend’s regatta. | <urn:uuid:2196e2f5-a76e-4c64-8caa-4d5d4508f6e8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sail1design.com/an-insiders-guide-to-the-boats-of-college-sailing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.953236 | 1,776 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Employment of healthcare occupations is projected to grow 18 percent from 2016 to 2026, much faster than the average for all occupations, adding about 2.4 million new jobs. The future the Trump budget lays out is one in which richer Americans can do just fine buying their own health care. A gunman who fired his weapon outside of a Phoenix health care facility where an incapacitated patient gave birth last year was shot Monday by an officer, police said.
Many factors impact health, including where an individual lives, adequate housing and convenient transportation services. For example, Jehovah’s Witnesses oppose blood transfusions, and some religious groups, including certain Amish and Orthodox Jewish communities, discourage immunizations, as Koenig and his colleagues point out.
This year’s proposed budget would reduce the growth of various Medicare provider payments, including for care after hospitalizations, graduate medical education, and hospital-owned physician clinics, according to Marc Goldwein, budget expert at the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget.
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Health Insurance Information & Resources For Our Members
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By contrast, IRRs decreased in successive generations for many cancers, including bladder, brain, cervix, oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Kaposi sarcoma, larynx, lung, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Studies continue to show the role that age, gender and genetics play in certain types of brain cancer, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).
Marcia Stanhope, Jeanette Lancaster
The healthcare field is the subject of a host of federal statutes, regulations, guidelines, interpretive information, and model guidance. Previous studies have reported rising colorectal cancer incidence rates in young adults in the USA and many high-income developed countries, but none have examined trends for a comprehensive list of cancers and compared patterns between cancers in terms of their association with obesity.
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Over the course of the five hundred years after 1500, traditional hand and human-based technics was transformed through a scientific exploitation of previously unseen forces into what is now known as modern technology. Such technology is complicit in all the most basic problems facing humanity in the opening decades of the 21st century—whether nuclear (weapons and power plants), chemical (environmental pollution), medical (life-extension and body hybridization), biological (loss of biodiversity, biotechnology), informational (overload, privacy, and virtual reality), climatological (global transformations of sky, sun, ocean, and earth), and more. Despite on-going efforts to address such challenges with scientific research and technological innovation, responses remain fundamentally ethical in character. Technological fixes require ethical reflection concerning which of the available design options to pursue. Yet so overwhelmed are we with conflicting crises and divergent interest group arguments for different solution paths that it is often difficult to think. How can we begin to assess the techno-human condition in which we now live and move and have our being?
In the presence of this dynamism of challenges, there has been a promiscuous, polymorphous invocation of the concept of ethical responsibility. Scientists have obligations for the responsible conduct of research. Physicians must be responsible to their patients. Engineers are responsible for protecting public safety, health and welfare in the design of structures, products, processes, and systems. Entrepreneurs have responsibilities to commercialize science and technology for public benefit, and the public itself is asked to responsibly support science and technology. People are counseled to practice responsible sex. Consumers are admonished to be responsible users of the artifacts and opportunities saturating the techno-lifeworld. Governments must be responsible to their citizens, corporations to their investors, schools to their students.
Despite on-going efforts to address such challenges with scientific research and technological innovation, responses remain fundamentally ethical in character
So diversely referenced, what does responsibility mean? Appeal to responsibility is all but absent in traditional ethical discourse, whether that discourse is centered on virtue, rights, contract, utility, or duty. Insofar as responsibility is present in received moral theory it awaits disclosure or interpretation. Indeed, in English the abstract noun “responsibility” (although not the adjective “responsible”) is only a few hundred years old, and it has emerged to cultural and ethical prominence in diverse legal, religious, engineering, scientific, and philosophical contexts precisely through progressive engagements with technology. One way to try to define the meaning of responsibility therefore appropriately begins with a review of this history.
The contraction and expansion of legal liability
The legal term for responsibility is “liability.” Liability is differentially manifest in two types of law: criminal and civil. Criminal law deals with those offenses prosecuted and punished by the state in order to protect a public interest. Civil law includes breaches of explicit or implicit contract in which injured parties sue for compensation or damages.
Criminal liability was once construed to follow simply from a transgression of the external forum of the law—doing something the law proscribed or not doing something it prescribed. But as it developed in Europe under the influence of a Christian theology of sin, which stresses the importance of inner consent, criminal liability became appreciative of the internal forum of intent. The result is a distinction between unintended transgressions (accidental homicide) and intentional acts (first degree murder). The result has been a historical contraction of criminal liability insofar as punishments for the former are less severe than for the latter.
In contrast to the contraction in criminal liability, civil liability has expanded in scope as a result of progressive delimitations on the requirements for intentionality. Civil liability can be incurred by contract or by what is called “strict liability.” In the case of explicit or implicit contract, intentional fault or negligence (a kind of failure of intention) must be proved. In the case of strict liability there need be no fault or negligence per se. In strict liability, a person can be responsible for harm caused by an action whether intended or not.
The concept of strict or no-fault liability as a special kind of tort for which the law provides redress developed in parallel with modern industrial technology. In pre-modern Roman law, an individual could sue for damages only when losses resulted from intentional interference with person or property, or from negligence. By contrast, in the English common law case of Rylands v. Fletcher, decided on appeal by the House of Lords in 1868, Thomas Fletcher was held liable for damages caused by an industrial undertaking despite their unintentional and non-negligent character. Fletcher, a mill owner, had constructed a water reservoir to support his mills. Water from the reservoir inadvertently leaked through an abandoned mine shaft to flood John Ryland’s adjacent mine. Although he admitted Fletcher did not and perhaps could not have known about the abandoned mine shaft, Rylands sued for damages. The eventual ruling in Rylands’ favor was based on the idea that the building of a dam, which raised the water above its “natural condition,” in itself posed a hazard for which Fletcher was liable. Unintended consequences was no excuse.
Today the most common kinds of civil liability are just such no-fault or prima facie liabilities related to “non-natural” industrial workplaces and engineered products in which artifacts in themselves, independent of intent, pose hazards. In the United States one key case establishing this principle was that of Greenman v. Yuba Power Products, Inc., decided on appeal by the California Supreme Court in 1963. In the words of Chief Justice Roger Traynor, in support of the majority:
A manufacturer is strictly liable in tort when an article he places on the market … proves to have a defect that causes injury to a human being … The purpose of such liability is to ensure that the costs of injuries resulting from defective products are borne by the manufacturers … rather than by the injured persons who are powerless to protect themselves.
The expansion of legal liability is thus coordinate with and in response to issues engendered by the expansive presence of technological products the consequences of which users find it increasingly difficult to appraise.
Religious responsibility in a secular age
The term “responsibility” itself comes from the Latin respondere, “to promise in return” or “to answer.” As such it readily applies to what is the primordial experience of the Judeo-Christian-Islamic tradition: a call from God that human beings must accept or reject.
The discovery and development of religious responsibility again parallels increased appreciation of the ethical issues emerging in association with science and technology. It is in opposition to notions of secularization and control over nature, for instance, that the Swiss Protestant theologian Karl Barth (1886–1968) distinguished between worldly and transcendent relationships. God is the wholly other, the one who cannot be reached by scientific knowledge or influenced by technological power. There is a radical difference between the human attempt to reach God (which Barth terms religion) and the human response to God’s divine revelation (faith). In his Church Dogmatics (1932) Barth goes so far as to identify goodness with responsibility in the sense of responding to God.
Catholics have been no less ready to make responsibility central to their understanding of moral theology. For Canadian Jesuit Bernard Lonergan (1904–1984), “Be responsible” is a transcendental precept coordinate with the duties to “Be attentive,” “Be intelligent,” and “Be reasonable.”
Responsibility also plays a prominent role in the documents of Vatican II. At one point, after referencing the achievements of science and technology, Gaudium et spes (1965) adds that, “With an increase in human powers comes a broadening of responsibility on the part of individuals and communities” (no. 34). Later, this same document on the church in the modern world states, “We are witnesses of the birth of a new humanism, one in which man is defined first of all by his responsibility toward his brothers and toward history” (no. 55).
One sustained effort to articulate a general Christian ethics of responsibility can be found in H. Richard Niebuhr’s The Responsible Self (1963). Niebuhr contrasts the Christian anthropology of the human-as-answerer to the secular anthropologies of human-as-maker and human- as-citizen. For human-as-maker, moral action is essentially consequentialist and technological. For human-as-citizen, morality becomes deontological in character. With human-as-answerer, the tension between consequentialism and deontology is bridged by responsiveness to a complex reality, by an interpretation of the nature of this reality—and by attempts to fit in, to act in harmony with what is already going on. “What is implicit in the idea of responsibility is the image of man-the- answerer, man engaged in dialogue, man acting in response to action upon him” (Niebuhr 1963, 56). Niebuhr’s ethics of responsibility exhibits affinities with an ecological ethics.
This feature of Niebuhr’s theology of responsibility also suggests a weakness. Niebuhr wrote in an age that was becoming increasingly secular, where belief and the experience of God is, in Charles Taylor’s (2007) description, more and more simply one option among many—and not the easiest to affirm. More persuasive calls come from experiences of strictly this-worldly flourishing. In these cases, however, responsive commitments have to be “mobilized” as environmental or libertarian movements utilizing methods analogous to those deployed by engineers to design and bring into existence large-scale material constructions. Calls of this form are likewise often experienced after the manner of the new archetype of the telephone: as an electronic interruption to be picked up or not, as we will.
Engineering responsibility for public safety, health and welfare
Technologists and engineers as inventors of such commercially crucial communication devices as telephones and computers are more subject than others in the techno-lifeworld to both external (legal, economic) and internal (ethical professional) constraints. Indeed, since the early 20th century engineers, especially in the United States where they largely work outside explicit state control and as employees of private corporations, have attempted to formulate guidelines for professional conduct as an internal ethics of responsibility—precisely because of the technological powers they wield.
Engineering associations aspire to the formulation of codes of conduct similar to those found in medicine and law. Yet unlike medicine, with its ideal of health, or law and its ideal of justice, it is unclear precisely what general ideal could serve in engineering as the basis for a professional ethics. The original engineer (Latin ingeniator) was the builder and operator of battering rams, catapults, and other “engines of war.” Engineering was originally military engineering. As with all military personnel, the engineers’ behavior was primarily dictated by the duty of obedience to hierarchical authority.
The 18th century emergence of civil engineering in the design and construction of public works such as roads, water-supply and sanitation systems, and other non-military infrastructure did not initially alter this situation. Civil engineers were loyal members of whatever social institutions in which they served. But as technological powers in the hands of engineers began to enlarge, and the number of engineers increased, tensions mounted between subordinate engineers and their superiors. The manifestation of this tension is what Edwin Layton (1971) called the “revolt of the engineers,” which occurred during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was in association with this revolt and its aftermath that “responsibility” entered the engineering ethics vocabulary.
One influential effort at formulating engineering responsibility led to the technocracy movement and the failed idea that engineers more than politicians should wield political power. Henry Goslee Prout, a former military engineer who became general manager of the Union Switch and Signal Company, speaking to the Cornell Association of Civil Engineers in 1906, described the profession in just such leadership terms:
The engineers more than all other men, will guide humanity forward … On the engineers … rests a responsibility such as men have never before been called upon to face (quoted from Akin 1977, 8).
Engineering associations aspire to the formulation of codes of conduct similar to those found in medicine and law
At the height of this dream of expanded engineering responsibility— following his successful leadership, as Secretary of Commerce, of the response to the great 1927 floods on the Mississippi River—Herbert Hoover was elected the first civil-engineer president of the United States. The same time period witnessed the creation of a political technocracy movement that fielded its own candidates for elective office. The ideology of technocracy sought to make engineering efficiency an ideal analogous to those of medical health and legal justice.
The problem with this ideal was two-fold. First, the elevation of efficiency to ideal status tends to undermine democracy. The major totalitarianisms of the mid-20th century (communism and fascism) often justified themselves by appeals to efficiency. Second, the ideal of efficiency itself, as a ratio of outputs over inputs, is context-dependent; efficiency is subject to multiple interpretations, depending on how the inputs and outputs themselves are defined.
Influenced in part by the communist and fascist contaminations of efficiency, during World War II another shift took place in the engineering conception of responsibility: not from company and client loyalty to technocratic efficiency, but from private to public loyalty. Beginning in the late 1940s, professional codes of engineering ethics in the United States increasingly made protection of public safety, health, and welfare a paramount responsibility. Having failed in formulating a technical ideal as the basis of responsibility, engineers emphasized a commitment to safety, health, or welfare in the public realm—even though in many instances their relevant expert knowledge was quite limited (Mitcham 2009).
With engineering under attack as a cause of environmental pollution, for the design of defective consumer goods, and as too willing to feed at the trough of the defense contract, one American engineer, Frank Collins, summed up the situation in the mid-1970s as follows:
Unlike scientists, who can claim to escape responsibility because the end results of their basic research cannot be easily predicted, the purposes of engineering are usually highly visible. Because engineers have been claiming full credit for the achievements of technology for many years, it is natural that the public should now blame engineers for the newly perceived aberrations of technology (Collins 1973, 448).
In other words, engineers may have oversold their responsibilities and are justly being chastened.
For Collins, the responsibilities of engineers are in fact quite limited. They have no general responsibilities, only specific or special ones:
There are three ways in which the special responsibility of engineers for the uses and effects of technology may be exercised. The first is as individuals in the daily practice of their work. The second is as a group through the technical societies.
The third is to bring a special competence to the public debate on the threatening problems arising from destructive uses of technology (Collins 1973, 449).
This debate, formalized in various technology-assessment methodologies and governmental agencies, can be interpreted as a means of subordinating engineers to the larger social order. Yet the issue of responsibility has so intensified that engineers now commonly and consciously debate the scope of their responsibilities relative to issues not previously acknowledged.
Science and social responsibility
The debate with regard to responsibility has been equally pronounced in science. Efforts to define the responsibility of scientists have involved a refinement of the Enlightenment view that science has the best handle on truth and is thus essentially and under all conditions beneficial to society. From the Enlightenment perspective, the primary responsibility of scientists is simply to pursue and extend their disciplines. Using the knowledge they produce, scientists then have a responsibility to educate the public about the nature of reality—to speak the truth to traditional authorities and drive superstition from public affairs.
Historically this Enlightenment responsibility found expression in Isaac Newton’s hope for science as theological insight, Voltaire’s belief in its comprehensive utility, and Baruch Spinoza’s thought that in science one possesses something pure, unselfish, self-sufficient, and blessed. A classic manifestation was the great French Encyclopédie (1751–1772), which sought “to collect all the knowledge that now lies scattered over the face of the earth, to make known its general structure to the men among whom we live, and to transmit it to those who will come after us.” Such a project, wrote Denis Diderot, demands “intellectual courage.” In the words of Immanuel Kant, Sapere aude, Dare to know.
Questioning of this tradition has roots in the Romantic critique of scientific epistemology and industrial practice. Only after World War II, however, did scientists themselves begin to have any serious questions of their own. Since then one may distinguish four overlapping phases. Simplifying somewhat, in the first (1945–1965), scientists recognized the potentially adverse unintended consequences of some of their work and tried to help society to adjust accordingly. In the second (1965–1985), some scientists aspired to transform the inner character of science itself. In a third (1985–2000), there was a renewed defense of science and affirmation of its value while recognizing the need for better internal professional self-regulation. More recently (2000–present), science has become a battleground of competing interpretations of responsibility and policy interests.
Phase One: Recognizing Responsibilities. In December 1945, the first issue of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists began with a statement of goals for the newly formed Federation of Atomic (later American) Scientists. Members should “clarify … the … responsibilities of scientists in regard to the problems brought about by the release of nuclear energy” and “educate the public [about] the scientific, technological, and social problems arising from the release of nuclear energy.” Previously scientists would have described their responsibilities as restricted to doing good science, not falsifying experiments, and cooperating with other scientists. Now, because of the potentially disastrous implications of at least one branch of science, scientists felt their responsibilities enlarged. They were called on to take into account more than the procedures of science; they had to respond to a transformed situation.
The primary way the atomic scientists responded over the next decade to the new situation created by scientific weapons technology was to work for placing nuclear research under civilian control in the United States and to further subordinate national to international control. They did not, however, oppose the exceptional growth of science. As Edward Teller wrote in 1947, the responsibility of the atomic scientists was not just to educate the public and help people establish a civilian control that would “not place unnecessary restrictions on the scientist;” it was also to continue to pursue scientific progress. “Our responsibility,” in Teller’s words, “is [also] to continue to work for the successful and rapid development of atomic energy” (Teller 1947, 355).
Science has become a battleground of competing interpretations of responsibility and policy interests
Phase Two: Responsible Questioning. During the mid-1960s and early 1970s, however, there emerged a second-stage questioning of scientific responsibility. Initially this questioning arose in response to growing recognition of the problem of environmental pollution—a phenomenon that cannot be imagined as alleviated by any simple de-militarization of science or increases in democratic control. Some of the worst environmental problems are caused precisely by democratic availability and use—as with pollution from automobiles, agricultural chemicals, and aerosol sprays, not to mention the mounting burden of consumer waste disposal. Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring (1962) was an early statement of the problem that called for an internal transformation of science and technology themselves. But an equally focal experience during this second-stage movement toward an internal restructuring of science was the Asilomar Conference of 1975, which addressed the dangers of recombinant DNA research.
After Asilomar, it turned out that the danger of recombinant DNA research was not as immediate or great as feared, and some members of the scientific community became resentful of post-Asilomar agitation. Increased possible consequences nevertheless further broadened the scope of what could be debated as the proper responsibility of scientists. Robert L. Sinsheimer, for instance, himself a respected biological researcher and chancellor of the University of California, Santa Cruz, argued that modern science was based on two faiths. One is “a faith in the resilience of our social institutions … to adapt the knowledge gained by science … to the benefit of man and society more than the detriment”—a faith that “is increasingly strained by the acceleration of technical change and the magnitude of the powers deployed” (Sinsheimer 1978, 24). But even more telling is a faith in the resilience, even in the benevolence, of Nature as we have probed it, dissected it, rearranged its components in novel configurations, bent its forms, and diverted its forces to human purpose. The faith that our scientific probing and our technological ventures will not displace some key element of our protective environment, and thereby collapse our ecological niche. A faith that Nature does not set booby traps for unwary species (Sinsheimer 1978, 23).
This kind of argument points toward subsequent affirmations and promotions of critical science (Ravetz 1971), stewardship science (Lowrance 1985), post-normal science (Funtowicz and Ravetz 1993), and mode-2 knowledge production (Gibbons et al. 1994). In each case the idea is that science can no longer be pursued without some degree of reflexivity or self-consciousness about its assumptions and social contexts—especially the ways in which its products become engaged with social, political, and economic contexts.
Phase Three: Re-emphasizing Ethics. The attempt to transform science from within was overtaken in the mid-1980s by a new external criticism not of scientific products (knowledge) but of scientific processes (methods). A number of high-profile cases of scientific misconduct raised questions about whether public investments in science were being wisely spent. Were scientists simply abusing the public trust? Some economists also began to question whether, even insofar as scientists did not abuse the public trust, but followed responsible research practices, science contributed as much to economic progress as had previously been assumed.
The upshot was that the scientific community undertook a self- examination of its ethics and its efficiency. Efforts to increase ethics education, or education in what became known as the responsible conduct of research (RCR) became a required part of science education programs, especially in the biomedical sciences at graduate level. Increased efficiency in grant administration, management, and accountability became issues for critical assessment, so that since the 1990s scientists have increasingly been understood to possess social responsibilities that include the promotion of ethics and efficiency in the processes of doing science. When supported with public funding, science has also increasingly been required to justify itself, in terms used by the US National Science Foundation, with reference not just to intellectual merit but also to broader impacts.
Accordingly, scientists have attempted to re-emphasize the importance of science to national healthcare, the economy, environmental management, and defense. In the face of the AIDS epidemic, biomedical research is presented as the only answer. Computers, biotechnology and nanotechnology have been offered as gateways to new competitive advantages and the creation of whole new sectors of jobs. The understanding of such phenomena as global climate change is argued to depend on computer models and the science of complexity. Finally, especially since the suicide attacks of September 11, 2001, new claims have been made for science as a means to develop protection against the dangers of international fundamentalist terrorism. The social responsibility of science is defended as the ethically-guided production of knowledge that addresses a broad portfolio of social needs, from the promotion of health to the defense of civilization. Appropriately enough, during this same period sociologists and historians have begun to re- conceptualize science in terms of its social construction and to emphasize the extent to which boundaries have broken down between science and technology so that the two have merged into something better termed “technoscience.”
The social responsibility of science is defended as the ethically-guided production of knowledge that addresses a broad portfolio of social needs, from the promotion of health to the defense of civilization
Phase Four: Policy Battles. Insofar as technoscience is seen as socially constructed, its social, political, and economic engagements readily become contested. Since the turn of the century technoscience has increasingly become a policy battleground. Scholars of science- technology-society (STS) relations have criticized technocratic positivism in science-policy formation. Fundamentalist Christians have charged atheist scientists with using biological evolution and human embryonic stem-cell research to promote a secular humanist agenda. Neo- conservative economists and politicians have charged climate modelers with promoting socialist ideologies under the subterfuge of claims to sound science and proposals for dramatic changes in energy production and use. Scientists, progressive politicians, and ecological economists have retaliated with exposés of science distorted in the name of corporate and conservative political interests. In such circumstances distinctions that had been central to the practicing of social responsibility in and with science—distinctions such as those between facts and values, scientists and politicians, omission and commission—appear increasingly frail if not philosophically indefensible.
Responsibility in philosophy
The turn to responsibility in philosophy, like that in theology, exhibits two faces: first, a reaction to the challenge posed by the dominance of scientific and technological ways of thinking; second, an attempt to take into account the rich and problematic complexity of technoscientific practice. The first is prominent in Anglo-American analytic discourse, the second in European phenomenological traditions.
According to Richard McKeon (1957) the concept of responsibility has diverse philosophical roots, one of which is the Greek analysis of causality (or imputability) and punishment (or accountability) for actions. As McKeon initially noted: “Whereas the modern formulation of the problem [of responsibility] begins with a conception of cause derived from the natural sciences and raises questions concerning the causality of moral agents, the Greek word for cause, aitia (like the Latin word causa), began as a legal term and was then extended to include natural motions” (McKeon 1957, 8–9). But it was in efforts to defend moral agency against threats from various forms of scientific materialism that the term became prevalent in analytic philosophy. For instance, H. L. A. Hart’s (1968) distinctions between four kinds of responsibility—role, cause, liability, and capacity—are all related to issues of accountability as they occur in a legal framework, where they can be used to articulate a theory of punishment that meets challenges posed by modern psychology.
McKeon’s general thesis is that the term “responsibility” appeared in late 18th and early 19th century moral and political discourse—as an abstract noun derived from the adjective “responsible”—in coordination with the expansion of democracy. But there are also numerous historical connections between the rise of democracy and the development of modern technology. On the theoretical level, the possessive individualism of homo faber, developed by Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, prepared the way for democracy and the new industrial order. On the practical level, democratic equality and technology feed off each other.
But the connection goes deeper. According to McKeon, responsibility was introduced into the political landscape because of a breakdown of the old social order based on hierarchy and duty, and the inability of a new one to function based strictly on equality and self-interest. Whereas the former was no longer supported by the scientific world view, the latter led to the worst exploitative excesses of the Industrial Revolution. To meet this crisis, there developed the ideal of relationship, in which individuals not only pursued their own self-interest but tried to recognize and take into account the interests and actions of others. Responsibility became respectability.
Something similar was called for by industrial technology. Good artisans, who dutifully followed the ancient craft traditions, were no longer enough, yet neither should they just be turned loose to invent as they pleased. Thomas Edison invented an electric vote-tallying device for the state legislature, only to discover that the legislature preferred the traditional non-automatic method; in response he resolved to eschew inventing what he thought someone needed without first consulting the relevant potential users’ world about what they wanted. (Marketing had not yet been invented.) The new artisan must learn to respond to a variety of factors—the material world, the economy, consumer demand, and more. This is what turns good artisans into responsible inventors and engineers. As their technological powers increase, so will their need to respond to an increasing spectrum of factors, to take more into account. Thus arises what may be described as a duty plus respicere, to enlarge an agent’s circumspection (Mitcham 1994).
Another argument to this effect is provided by John Ladd who, in considering the situation of physicians, argues that the expansion of biomedical technology has increased the private practitioner’s dependence on technical services and undermined professional autonomy. Moral problems concerning physicians and society can no longer rest on an ethics of roles but involve the ethics of power, “the ethical side of [which] is responsibility” (Ladd 1981, 42).
The metaphysical elaboration of this concept of responsibility has taken place primarily in European philosophical traditions. Lucien Lévy-Brühl’s treatise on L’Idée de responsabilité (1884) is its starting point. As subsequently echoed by his student McKeon, Lévy-Brühl begins by sketching the history of various aspects of the idea from antiquity to the late 19th century, and he is astonished that a concept so basic to modern morality should never have been subject to systematic analysis. Following Lévy-Brühl, the principle can be described as manifest in a variety of ways across the whole spectrum of phenomena. There is responsibility or responsiveness at the level of physical matter, as atoms and molecules interact or respond to each other. Living organisms are further characterized by a distinctive kind of interaction or responsiveness to their environments and each other.
Drawing on a similar ontological interpretation (although without reference to Lévy-Brühl) Hans Jonas has explored implications for science and technology. Responsibility was not a central category in previous ethical theory, Jonas argues, because of the narrow scope of pre-modern scientific knowledge and technological power. “The fact is that the concept of responsibility nowhere plays a conspicuous role in the moral systems of the past or in the philosophical theories of ethics.” This is because “responsibility … is a function of power and knowledge,” which “were formerly so limited” that consequences at any distance “had to be left to fate and the constancy of the natural order, and all attention focused on doing right what had to be done now” (Jonas 1984, 123).
All this has decisively changed. Modern technology has introduced actions of such novel scale, objects, and consequences that the framework of former ethics can no longer contain them … No previous ethics had to consider the global condition of human life and the far-off future, even existence, of the race. These now being an issue demands … a new conception of duties and rights, for which previous ethics and metaphysics provide not even the principles, let alone a ready doctrine (Jonas 1984, 6 and 8).
The new principle thus made necessary by scientific knowledge and technological power is responsibility—especially responsibility toward the future. For Jonas, “responsibility today” is summarized in the statement that “care for the future of mankind is the overruling duty of collective human action in the age of a technical civilization” (Jonas 1984, 136).
Power conjoined with reason carries responsibility with it. This was always self-understood in regard to the intra-human sphere. What is not yet fully understood is the novel expansion of responsibility to the condition of the biosphere and the future survival of mankind (Jonas 1984, 138).
What for Jonas functions as a deontological principle, Caroline Whitbeck argues can also name a virtue. When children are described as reaching “an age of responsibility” it indicates they have become able to “exercise judgment and care to achieve or maintain a desirable state of affairs” (Whitbeck 1998, 37). Acquiring the ability to exercise such judgment is to become responsible in the sense of acquiring a virtue. In this way, discussions of responsibility have also been influenced by feminist arguments for an ethics of care or relationship that would complement more common utilitarianism or deontology. At the same time, the term “responsibility” continues to name distributed obligations to practice such a virtue derived either from interpersonal relationships or from special knowledge and powers. “Since few relationships and knowledge are shared by everyone, most moral responsibilities are special moral responsibilities, that is, they belong to some people and not others” (Whitbeck 1998, 39).
But is the notion of responsibility delimited by and thereby moderated according to social role really adequate in a technological world where all to some degree exercise the powers of technoscience through their support for modern scientific education and research or the utilization of and dependence on technological products, processes and systems? Is it not the case that all citizens in technoscientific society have become in some sense engineers and thereby unavoidably assumed responsibilities for public safety, health, and welfare?
Traditional technics has been transformed into technology; the transformed process of making has in turn transformed the traditional lifeworld into what may be termed a techno-lifeworld. A key feature of the transformation in making is the conscious engagement with dimensions of reality unattended to in traditional technics.
Traditional technics engaged the material world through the unaided senses of touch and sight, of hand and eye coordination, taking into account only what is available to direct experience. In such a world responding to relevant aspects of phenomena did not need to be consciously conceptualized as responsibility; artisans naturally respond to fire with care, skillfully learn how to assess and stack stone or mold clay into stable configurations, and have been taught from the remembered injury or death of others to avoid breathing or ingesting poisonous substances.
Modern engineering and technology, by contrast, introduce into the making activity an engagement with phenomena via mathematically analyzable forces in a sensorium extended through instrumentation into chemical composition at the level of atoms and molecules; engineers depend on conceptually analyzed materials and calculated centers of gravity, pressures, flows, and resistances. Technology further thinks out its makings through systematic design or miniature construction that takes into account more than traditional technics was ever able to experience.
In the techno-lifeworld so constructed by the rational taking into account of more than directly experienced phenomena, it is not surprising that moral behavior likewise must move beyond the primacy of anything approaching natural intuitions. Moral conduct too has to become more conscious, more rational, and take more into account. Such is the burden of responsibility in the presence of technology. Consider three simple but archetypical examples:
First, giving birth: In the natural state in which many children die young it is not just permissible but also virtuous for humans to desire children in order to reproduce the species. In the techno-lifeworld, where the large majority of children survive and live to old age, the natural virtue gives rise to overpopulation. The desire for children must submit to a consciousness of the long-term consequences of unfettered reproduction in order to bring a natural desire under the guidance of rationally determined limits.
Second, eating: In the natural world where evolution and adaptation have over long periods of time established a balance between human tastes for available foods and the requirements of human activity, eating can be cultivated into a quotidian and festive art. Eating is disciplined without much thinking into healthy patterns by natural availabilities as well as daily work. When people become food rich through industrial agriculture and technologically manufactured chemical attractions while at the same time being freed from requirements of physical labor, the healthy meal becomes dependent on scientifically guided nutrition and dietary labeling. Healthy eating increasingly requires scientific research and conscious discipline.
Moral conduct too has to become more conscious, more rational, and take more into account. Such is the burden of responsibility in the presence of technology
Third, dying: In the natural state in which human death is easily defined by pulmonary or cardiac arrest, there is little difficulty in determining when a life has ceased. In the techno-lifeworld, where highly technologized medicine is able to intervene and provide artificial prolongation of pulmonary and cardiac functioning, humans have to develop a definition of death that depends on the instrumental appraisal of brain functioning. Death necessarily becomes a concept more than an experience.
Efforts to come to terms with such new dimensions of responsibility can be found not only in philosophy but in popular culture in the form of comic book super-heroes. Spider-Man is one peculiarly poignant example. Having been bitten by a radioactive spider in a science laboratory, Peter Parker becomes the possessor of great powers that bring with them great responsibilities. The result, as Parker later reflects, is that “the choice to lead an ordinary life is no longer an option.” Such is the burden of the new world of responsibility in the presence of technological powers.
Earlier iterations of this argument have appeared in Mitcham (1987 and 2005).
Akin, William E. 1977. Technocracy and the American Dream: the Technocrat Movement, 1900–1941. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Collins, Frank. 1973. “The Special Responsibility of Engineers.” In The Social Responsibility of Engineers, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 196 (10), edited by Harold Fruchtbaum, 448–450.
Funtowicz, Silvio O., and Jerome R. Ravetz. 1990. Uncertainty and Quality in Science for Policy. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Hart, H. L. A. 1968. Punishment and Responsibility: Essays in the Philosophy of Law. New York: Oxford University Press.
Jonas, Hans. 1984. The Imperative of Responsibility: In Search of an Ethics for the Technological Age. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Ladd, John. 1981. “Physicians and Society: Tribulations of Power and Responsibility.” In The Law-Medicine Relation: A Philosophical Exploration, edited by Stuart F. Spicker, Joseph M. Healey and H. Tristam Engelhardt, 33–52. Dordrecht, Netherlands: D. Reidel.
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Mitcham, Carl. 2005. “Responsibility: Overview.” In Encyclopedia of Science, Technology, and Ethics, 1609–1616. Detroit: Macmillan Reference.
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