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How to Study for the General Surgery Qualifying Exam
- Jul 12, 2021
Passing the General Surgery Qualifying Exam (QE) is the first of two steps to becoming a board certified general surgeon. After completing five years of intense general surgery residency, this exam can be considered a way to regurgitate everything you have learned thus far.
However, it is very important to remember that your preparation for the board examination actually begins from day one of residency. It is also important to remember that there is no right or wrong way to study for boards and that the suggested method in this post is one of many ways to prepare.
Studying for the General Surgery Boards During Residency
During residency, there is an exam given to all general surgery residents in January every year. This examination (ABSITE—American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination) is given by the American Board of Surgery.
Preparation for this examination occurs every day of residency. It can include following the SCORE Portal (Surgical Council on Resident Education) and following the modules and questions offered each week while completing the reading on each module.
Preparing and doing well in the yearly ABSITE is a good reflection of your performance and preparation for the upcoming General Surgery Qualifying Board Examination.
Studying for Surgery Qualifying Exam After Residency
Studying for the General Surgery Qualifying Exam looks rather different once residency ends, as the Qualifying Exam is usually in mid-July. Around this time, you have already completed residency and transitioned to either a practice or a fellowship.
Since you prepared for this board examination from day one of residency, the time from the end of residency to the actual date of board examination should be spent on questions and reviewing high-yield topics.
Exam preparation during these last few weeks before the QE can include doing SESAP questions and reviewing the topics with which you either struggle or need more practice.
Then comes the day before examination. Use this day to review some easy but high-yield pointers you came across while doing questions. You can and should use this day to review statistics, as the examination covers those questions every year.
Studying for the General Surgery Qualifying Exam is very tedious, and therefore it is important to remember that help is available if you need it. Contact us for help with streamlining your study tactics or creating a schedule! | <urn:uuid:3eb75393-0120-4b18-b76b-6994738ba7e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.blueprintprep.com/medical/how-to-study-for-the-general-surgery-qualifying-exam/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.963983 | 492 | 1.609375 | 2 |
If our civilization doesn’t collapse then in 50 to 1000 years humanity will almost certainly start colonizing the galaxy. This seems inconsistent with the fact that there are a huge number of other planets in our galaxy but we have not yet found evidence of extraterrestrial life. Drawing from this paradox, Robin Hanson writes that there should be some great filter “between death and expanding lasting life, and humanity faces the ominous question: how far along this filter are we?”
Small groups of humans have been in situations similar to that currently faced by our entire species. To see this imagine you live in a prehistoric hunter gatherer tribe of 200 people. Your tribe lives on a large, mostly uninhabited island. Your grandparents, along with a few other people came over to the island about 30 years ago. Since arriving on the island no one in your tribe has encountered any other humans. You figure that if your civilization doesn’t get wiped out then in 100 or so years your people will multiply in number and spread throughout the island. If your civilization does so spread, then any new immigrants to the island would quickly encounter your tribe.
Why, you wonder, have you not seen other groups of humans on your island? You figure that it’s either because your tribe was the first to arrive on the island, or because your island is prone to extinction disasters that periodically wipes out all its human inhabitance. Using anthropic reasoning similar to that used by Katja Grace you postulate the existence of four types of islands:
1) Islands that are easy to reach and are not prone to disaster.
2) Islands that are hard to reach and are not prone to disaster.
3) Islands that are easy to reach and are prone to disaster.
4) Islands that are hard to reach and are prone to disaster.
You conclude that your island almost certainly isn’t type (1) because if it were you would have almost certainly seen other humans on the island. You also figure that on type (3) islands lots of civilizations will start and then be destroyed. Consequently, most of the civilizations that find themselves on types (2), (3) or (4) islands are in fact on type (3) islands. Your tribe, you therefore reason, will probably be wiped out by a disaster.
I believe that the argument for why you are probably on a type (3) island is analogous to that of why the great filter probably lies in our future because both come about from updating “on your own existence by weighting possible worlds as more likely the more observers they contain.”
If, therefore, Grace’s anthropic reasoning is correct then most of the time when a prehistoric group of humans settled a large, uninhabited island, that group went extinct. | <urn:uuid:888d4204-77ad-4d38-88f6-e9904ccfa5b9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/SwwCYwzWf7id7gjZm/an-empirical-test-of-anthropic-principle-great-filter | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.964578 | 572 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Scripted creation of a project in the Linux command line
Here we show how to create from scratch a project. This assumes that you already have a data folder, a table,a template, and several masks (for alignment, classification, description of fourier content of template and smoothing while FSC computing). If you don't you can just run (in the linux shell) the command:
dynamo 'dynamo_tutorial ttest'
(This is equivalent to opening an interactive Dynamo console, waiting for it to open, and then typing dutorial ttest in it). This command just creates some example files for data, etc, which we can use now to show how they can be linked into a project.
We then create a single script where we write all the commands that we would use interactively to create a project. Use any editor in your system to open a file, let's call it createProject.sh, and type the lines:
dynamo_vpr prtest dynamo_vpr_put prtest -data ttest/data dynamo_vpr_put prtest -template ttest/template.em dynamo_vpr_put prtest -table ttest/initial.tbl dynamo_vpr_put prtest -mask ttest/mask.em dynamo_vpr_put prtest -cmask ttest/mask.em dynamo_vpr_put prtest -fmask ttest/fmask.em dynamo_vpr_put prtest -smask ttest/mask_smoothing.em dynamo_vpr_put prtest -ite_r1 2 dynamo_vpr_put prtest -ca_r1 360 dynamo_vpr_put prtest -cs_r1 45 dynamo_vpr_put prtest -dim_r1 32 dynamo_vpr_put prtest -destination standalone dynamo_vpr_put prtest -cores 2 dynamo_vpr_check prtest dynamo_vpr_unfold prtest
Here, we are just indicating a minimum amount of input that you need to create a working project, which we arbitrarily called prtest. We cannot use the short names of the commands in this kind of scripts, i.e., we need to write out dynamo_vpr_put instead of dvput. To get a list of all project parameters that can be changed with dvput, just type the command dvhelp.
Now, you can run this script in a Linux shell (provided you have activated Dynamo in it) by
After that, you can just execute the project by writing: | <urn:uuid:c6400d90-a4e3-44fb-aae3-69ea92d56e96> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dynamo-em.org/w/index.php?title=Scripted_creation_of_a_project_in_the_Linux_command_line&oldid=1227 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.711086 | 578 | 2.578125 | 3 |
by Elena Jurado, human rights and research
Published: 11 Jun 2018
What is torture?
When we talk about torture images spring to mind of people being mistreated in far-away places.
But the United Nations Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment is not just about prisons, police custody and allegations of war crimes.
The Convention is relevant to what happens in our care homes and hospitals, and to the way society’s most vulnerable groups – such as children, disabled people and asylum-seekers – are treated. It is also about human trafficking, violence against women and hate crimes.
The UK will be examined on its record
Next year the UK will undergo its sixth examination under the Convention. Representatives from the UK and devolved governments will be questioned on their human rights record in this area.
The examination will cover a range of issues including:
- conditions in prisons
- ill-treatment of patients receiving healthcare services
- whether enough is being done to prevent hate crimes, tackle human trafficking and eliminate all forms of violence against women
At the end of the examination, the Committee against Torture will make recommendations to the UK and devolved governments, setting out what they need to do to improve things.
Civil society organisations need to get involved
For the process to be successful the committee needs to receive robust and up-to-date evidence on how the UK is failing to meet its obligations and on how things can be improved.
Here lies the challenge – until now only a small number of civil society organisations have submitted evidence to the committee, covering a relatively narrow set of issues such as:
- the treatment of prisoners overseas
- allegations of human rights infringements by UK intelligence services
- the use of immigration detention and ill-treatment in detention
By raising the international community’s awareness of these issues, the evidence submitted by these organisations to the committee has played a crucial role in securing improvements in these areas.
However, there are many more issues relevant to the Convention that need to be addressed.
More work to be done
We recently organised a workshop on the Convention with over 30 civil society organisations attending. The full breadth of issues relevant to the Convention were discussed, including:
- migrants being deterred from using health services by the threat of deportation
- disabled people being inappropriately placed in care homes, instead of receiving the support they need to live independently
- disproportionate numbers of ethnic minority children subjected to the use of Taser by the police
- the rising number of Islamophobic, disability and transgender hate crimes in England and Wales
- police failing to properly investigate allegations of violence against women, including rape, domestic violence, stalking and trafficking
- the harrowing conditions of thousands of domestic workers who are enslaved and exploited by their employers
We are committed to supporting and building the capacity of civil society to provide the committee with the evidence it needs in advance of the UK’s examination.
How can you get involved?
We hope our new guide on the Convention against Torture, which provides practical information on how civil society organisations can contribute, will encourage organisations who might not have previously considered using the Convention to do so.
Only this will ensure that the UK government will be examined against the full list of issues that fall under the Convention.
The efforts which civil society organisations make in the run-up to the examination will pay off. They will help to secure recommendations from the Committee against Torture that are targeted and evidence-based.
Civil society organisations can then use these recommendations to advocate for particular changes in policy and legislation.
Contact Elena Jurado for more information on the Convention. Elena works in our human rights and research team. She reports on how well the UK is performing on its human rights obligations, using the Convention Against Torture to hold the government to account. | <urn:uuid:3b3b072c-a226-4364-82e9-c4a66e71d5e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/our-work/blogs/looking-torture-closer-home | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.950399 | 785 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Q: I plan to try to have a baby next year. Why does my OB-GYN want me to take folic acid even before I’m pregnant?
A: Your doctor is trying to reduce the risk of your baby having a neural tube defect (NTD). The neural tube is a thin column of cells that develop to form the brain and the spinal cord.
A defect in this tube can prevent the baby’s brain from developing or result in an exposed spinal cord at birth. Worldwide, approximately 300,000 infants are born with an NTD every year.
Mothers with lower levels of vitamin B, including folate, carry a greater risk of having a baby with neural tube defects than women with higher levels of folate.
For these reasons, physicians recommend that all women who are planning a pregnancy or are capable of becoming pregnant should take 400 micrograms of folic acid daily.
Begin taking folic acid at least one month before you conceive and continue through the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. It has been estimated that 16 to 58 percent of NTDs could be prevented by folic acid supplementation.
Other risk factors for NTDs include: a history of a previous pregnancy with NTDs, having an NTD yourself, having a partner with an NTD and having a partner who already has a child with an NTD.
If you have a higher risk of NTDs, your doctor will recommend that you take 4 mg (4,000 micrograms) of folic acid daily. Start supplements three months before you conceive and continue until the 12th week of pregnancy. This might reduce your risk by as much as 70 percent.
Folic acid supplements cannot, however, prevent all neural tube defects. Some types of NTDs are resistant to folic acid and can cause out-of-control glucose (blood sugar) levels in your first trimester of pregnancy, hyperthermia, maternal obesity and certain genetic disorders.
If you have diabetes, folic acid supplements might decrease your risk of NTDs but will not eliminate it. That’s why it is important that you manage your blood sugar levels even before you get pregnant.
Obese women also might not get the full benefit of taking folic acid before pregnancy. Studies have found that an obese woman’s risk of having a baby with neural tube defects is not always decreased by supplementation.
If you are considering pregnancy, talk to your OB-GYN about your potential risk for NTDs. Now is the time to plan ahead for a healthy baby.
Joanne Price Williamson, M.D., is an obstetrician-gynecologist in practice at Provident OB/GYN Associates in Okatie. | <urn:uuid:a0a50595-e8bf-44c4-a3df-d18e71433018> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hiltonheadsun.com/take-folic-acid-to-help-prevent-neural-tube-defects/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.96539 | 564 | 2.84375 | 3 |
I do not think the people of this country are going to be very concerned about this continuous argument as to what we would have done if we were over there, and what you did when you were over here.
We have fought over very carefully, the 1930's and the Bennett regime, the 1940's and the Mackenzie King regime. But we happen to be in the 1960's, and there are 429,000 people, as 1 have said, who are out of work. My few remarks are these. The member for Cochrane (Mr. Habel), I think, last night gave a very moving address, because he brought this situation down to its basic element, and that is human suffering. Let us realize there is human suffering in Canada today.
I am very glad the hon. member for Van-couver-Kingsway (Mr. Browne) touched on this problem and its international implications. It is trite, extremely trite to say that Canadian democracy is on trial. I would suggest that if democracy is on trial it is losing its case in Canada in December, 1960.
What we have here is a suggestion that government can do nothing in our economy, in our western democracy, for unemployment; that somehow the people must receive from somewhere else the solution to their own unemployment problem. I suggest that every one of us was sent here to deal with the question of unemployment here and now, in December 1960. We were not sent here essentially to deal with problems arising 20 or 30 years from now; the government did not have a mandate from the electors to do that. I think it is time to forget about who did what in 1930 or 1940. We have only a few days left, and I suggest we should make progress. In a few days we shall be going back to the warmth and comfort of our families, but there will not be very much warmth and comfort in many family circles unless they receive some glimmering of hope as a
result of the debates in this chamber; some assurance that something will be done, and done soon.
This is the first time I have entered this debate. I have not spoken on any of the previous stages although I think I am more qualified to speak on this bill than perhaps any hon. member of the opposition who has spoken to date. I wonder how many jobs the hon. member for Essex East (Mr. Martin) or the hon. member for Bonavista-Twillingate (Mr. Pickersgill) have created?
It was a rhetorical question, and I know the answer. It is, none. As a result of my background of industrial engineering I have had the job of setting up plants, of providing employment, of using capital, machines and men in order to build up or make a product which can be sold in the markets of Canada and the world. That is not an easy task, but it would have been easier if we had had the benefit of the facilities which are envisaged in this bill. I would recommend to the hon. member for Bonavista-Twillingate that he should visit a little place north of Oshawa where he would see an old barn where Robert McLaughlin built the famous carriages which bore his name. I have seen a picture of the working force there, some 12 men. Out of this group came a corporation with 15,000 employees. This is progress, though it also means unsettlement. The blacksmith lost his job, but 200 metal finishers found jobs.
This present measure is in my opinion one of the most important bills which will be introduced in this or any other parliament, because this bill points the way to co-operation between all sections of the economy and particularly between management and labour in order to construct an economy in Canada which will survive. This represents a means of co-operation by government with labour, with industry and with agriculture. It is something which we are attempting to do and which is already working in Europe, the United Kingdom and in the near and far east where there are over 30 productivity centres which have in fact increased employment, increased production, increased earnings, reduced operating costs and introduced new products, all of which this measure is intended to bring about.
The hon. member for Bonavista-Twillingate quoted the Minister of Labour (Mr. Starr) as saying, on page 832 of Hansard:
This council will be dealing with the efficiency of productivity in industry, and employment will be a natural consequence of its work.
The hon. member for Bonavista-Twillin-gate said this was a fiction and a farce, and that employment will not be the natural consequence of the work of this council. I suspect that the hon. member, because of his recent literary efforts, may be called an expert on fiction. Maybe that is the cause of his bias against this word. I suggest he should go to Hong Kong. There he might see women carrying two wicker baskets over their shoulders moving earth. A good front end loader would take the place of 20 or 30 of them. This is the type of thinking which typifies the hon. member. It is rickshaw thinking, and rickety rickshaw thinking at that. I think we could call both those hon. members who sit on the front bench opposite the rickshaw twins from now on, because in their thinking they want to go back to the rickshaw.
By using machines you get more work done, and you get more pay. You take the drudgery out of the work. That is the aim of our western civilization. That is what we stand for. The standard of living in Canada depends on the productive efficiency of our industries and related services. The purpose of the proposed council is to stimulate this efficiency. Our products are sold in fierce competition on world markets, as the hon. member for Vancouver-Kingsway (Mr. Browne) said, and if we lag behind our competitors in our methods or technologies we shall certainly lose those markets and our economy will decline. Jobs will be fewer, wages will be lower and there will be that degree of distress which hon. members opposite seem to think would be the best thing that could happen, from the way they have been talking.
I am glad the hon. member for Peterborough (Mr. Pitman) spoke. We have now heard three views on this question. That party was split with regard to the second reading; they could not agree how to vote. Two of its members are against any form of productivity, but the rest are for it. The hon. member for Peterborough says we have got to cure unemployment now, and that if we do not get these people back to work tomorrow we are no good.
All the members on the front bench on the other side have said that this bill will have no effect with regard to increasing employment. I do not know to what extent you have to spell out a measure. All I can say is that this lack of understanding must be due to the training, or lack of training, of members opposite. They should go to the people and find out what is happening. Productivity-the idea and philosophy behind it -represents a new step. It means that this is a joint effort by both workmen and management. The old idea was that management
gave orders and the workers obeyed those orders. The more modern concept is that it is a co-operative affair. I would recommend to hon. members in the far corner of the chamber the words of Samuel Compers, the founder of the United States labour movement when he said that a company which did not make a profit was the worst enemy of the working man. New products mean expanded markets and greater trade. This is the background, and these are the objectives. This government has taken short term measures and it has taken intermediate measures to deal with this problem, but it is also the duty of a government to think ahead.
In spite of what the hon. member for Peterborough said-and this question is a rhetorical one; I do not want the hon. member for Essex East to answer it, because, of course, the answer is nothing-may I ask what measures did hon. gentlemen opposite bring forward when they first came to power? Mr. King did say "Not a five cent piece to help unemployment" though he qualified that by saying he would give five cents to provinces which had a Liberal government. What did they do about increasing aid to municipalities, about providing credits for exports, or aid to small business, or a winter works program, or the whole pantheon of constructive ideas which has been put forward by this government since it took office in 1957? This government has been a government of action. It has been a government which has done things. It has been a government of imagination; it has been a government that has won the confidence of the people, and it still has the confidence of the people.
I say that if hon. members on the other side cannot understand what this bill is about, then perhaps if they would go to some youth in the first year at high school he would try to tell them a few of the basic economic facts of life. I do not want to labour this too much. I suppose I should be taking the "more in sorrow than in anger" approach because the remarks which have been made on the other side are really pathetic. Hon. members over there just have not got any case; they have not got any ideas. That is why I say that this is rickshaw philosophy which has been brought forward-and I hope the hon. member for Essex East will not get to his feet on a point of order or a question of privilege; I expected it before this time, but I think it is strictly a good parliamentary description, and so those rickshaw twins had better get out of their rickshaws and get into the automobile age.
Mr. Speaker, I do not wish to take up too much of the
time of the house because the bill now under consideration has been discussed thoroughly at the resolution stage as well as before the first, second and third readings.
I have a few remarks to make which are, I feel, of general interest and deal with the purpose of this legislation introduced by the Conservative government for the establishment of a national productivity council.
Before doing so, I should like to refer to a part of the economic report for 1959 where it is stated, contrary to suggestions made by opposition members, that the Conservative government, as soon as it came into power, has done its share to remedy the situation and intends to keep on advocating legislation calculated to relieve the situation still further and thus provide Canadians right now, and not only in a few years, with a solution to the problem with which we are faced.
And now, Mr. Speaker, let me refer to a review of the 1957-58 recession published in the "Canadian Economic Outlook, 1959". To save time, I shall quote only part of the conclusions of the report, and since they are in English, I shall read them textually. I quote:
Review of the Recession in Canada.
On duration, some indications of weakness became apparent earlier in Canada than in the United States. This was most apparent in unemployment, where the increase in employment failed to keep pace with the rise in available manpower after the summer of 1956, while unemployment began to increase in the United States only in the spring of 1957. The United States recession was checked in April, 1958, (with the nine month recession being unusually short by historical experience) and significant and persistent increases began thereafter. In Canada, the stimulative effect of federal government fiscal changes and assistance to housing temporarily offset the weakness in other areas during the second quarter. However, renewed widespread weakness reappeared during June, July and August, and this can be seen in industrial production, retail sales, bank debits, freight car loadings, exports, imports,-
And so on. I continue:
Although government measures contributed to the early strength, the weakness still present was reflected in an irregular period of consolidation, with a suggestion of a "double bottom". (Translation):
Such was the situation of the recession in 1957-58. The report goes on to say:
The two main factors contributing to the milder recession in Canada than in the United States were the differing role of international trade, and stronger government measures in Canada.
And please note this sentence:
. .. stronger government measures in Canada.
At that time, the government took action to stop the recession which had started under the former administration. And I am sure that the government intends to take the necessary steps to relieve unemployment and also to continue to remedy the situation in the best interest of all people in Canada.
Now I should like to add a few remarks of international nature, somewhat along the line of those made earlier by the hon. member for Vancouver-Kingsway (Mr. Browne). (Text):
It was announced recently, Mr. Speaker, that the Russian government will devaluate in January of next year its money by some 56 per cent. That will intensify, I believe, the economic war the communist countries are waging against the west or what we know as the free world. Canada being a country which produces and exports large quantities of raw material, we will be caught in a squeeze, since communist Russia also has tremendous resources and exports raw material for economic or cold war purposes.
Improved productivity, therefore, is a very logical aim and that is what our government is trying to achieve with this new bill we are now about to approve. Improved productivity and a better product are certainly the long term solutions to these problems but as a result of Russia's action to devaluate its money we may have a rough time in the months ahead or even in the next few years.
Communist countries, as we all know, have been unfair competitors in many instances and for numerous products, so we can wonder how it is going to be in the months ahead if in addition to underquoting us all the time all over the world they further use devaluation of their money to invade not only all the markets of the world but our traditional markets as well. (Translation):
Mr. Speaker, I just want to add that this legislation is most timely. Indeed the national productivity council will set up a program that will prevent our industries being placed in an unfavourable position and will curb the unfair competition to Canada on the part of the other countries, particularly in the case of raw materials. The interests of Canadian exporters will be protected, which should result in an improved economy for the country as a whole.
I feel that this legislation will achieve its end, considering the following which is to be found in the preamble:
In order to provide expanding opportunities for increased employment and trade and rising national standards of living, it is in the national interest to promote and expedite continuing improvement in productive efficiency in the various aspects of Canadian economic activity:
Mr. Speaker, in closing may I say that, to my mind, some planning in our economy will be necessary in the years to come-not any arbitrary planning imposed by the government, but rather some clear guidance and adequate information that would help private enterprise survive in this complex world, without handing over to the state or to self-styled experts, to civil servants or bureaucrats, the freedom of action of our privately owned concerns and industries. Those famous experts who are constantly expounding new theories, without always being able to put them into practice, often change their minds according to the times. The case of the present head of the Bank of Canada was a striking instance of the fact.
Indeed, he is advocating devaluation of the Canadian dollar, something he has never mentioned before.
Therefore, while indicating the best path to follow, on the basis of serious and practical studies and with an eye to the future, the government, through the national productivity council-which may also be used to achieve a certain amount of economic planning-must be particularly careful not to impose its views in socialist fashion, in an attempt to control and regulate everything. We are not here to add more controls, we have enough of them already. We do not want to destroy, we want to build. We are here to help the Canadian nation, by finding means to provide more jobs for the people of this country.
Mr. Speaker, I had not intended to speak on Bill No. C-52 but the opposition has followed certain tactics in trying to delay the bill and I thought I might as well get up and say a few words too. I am quite disappointed to see that the Liberal party continues to throw cold water on bills which at this time of the year are intended to help the people of Canada. I do not know why they continue to throw cold water on them.
In the first speech I made after I became a member of the house I referred to the department of gloom the Liberals had set up and how it was certainly not good for the people of Canada at any time, let alone at a time when changes are taking place in all countries. It is very disappointing to see these so-called leaders of some time ago sit here with their sour faces. I suppose it is the outcome of the 1957 elections when the cream of the Liberal party were completely whipped. All we have left now is skim milk and it is terrible to see that skim milk now going sour. I think one of them said something the
other day about an election. Apparently he would like to go through the separator again but I do not think it would do him a bit of good.
The Liberals formed this department of gloom and now they have turned around and formed a new one which I would call the department of cold water. Each one of them seems to be equipped with a bucket of cold water which they like to throw on everything that is good for the people of Canada. It is quite apparent that that is what they are doing and I say right now that if Canada ever has frozen assets it will be because of the cold water the Liberals are throwing.
I was quite surprised when I heard one former cabinet member refer to the bill as a farce. I have also noticed a headline, a paid advertisement by this Liberal party in which the bill is referred to as a farce. It is a funny thing to me that a headline should appear in a paper terming this bill a farce because it certainly is not.
I do not want to take too much time but I have a bone to pick with the Liberals and have had for a number of years. It dates back to the time when I came out of the air force without any money and tried to get a job in Canada. I approached some members of parliament and some of the members of the provincial legislature. I was promised jobs but I was given the runaround. At that time both the provincial and federal governments were Liberal. I thought some of these members were friends of mine but they certainly were not. I even tried to borrow $250 to buy a JN-4 Curtiss aircraft and go barnstorming but I could not get it. So, like a lot of Canadians at that time, I left this country to try to find employment because the government of that time was doing nothing to encourage young people to stay in Canada where they belonged. I went to the United States and I got the $250 for my Jennie. I stayed there 10 years but I came back again because I could see possibilities on the horizon that a good government would come back into office.
I am very disappointed at the way some of these Liberal strong men of the past carry on in the House of Commons. It made me really sick and tired when I heard the hon. member for Bonavista-Twillingate (Mr. Pick-ersgill). When I first came to the house I thought he was a good speaker and that I would really hear something. However, I did not. The hon. member referred to the Prime Minister and what had been said at certain meetings. I was quite interested to read an article in a Vancouver paper, or it may have been a Victoria paper, which dealt
with a meeting in Victoria to which the hon. member for Bonavista-Twillingate drew 75 people.
You have not heard it all. The Leader of the Opposition (Mr. Pearson) was here in Ottawa and when he heard there were 75 people at the meeting he asked for a recount. He certainly could not believe it because he was billed to go out there in two months' time and he figured he was going to draw those 75 people. Half the people who were there were there because they thought the new member for Niagara Falls (Miss LaMarsh) would be there, and I can certainly understand their interest. The other half just went along for the rye.
Some of them who were there must have thought it was a leadership convention. Six little green men knocked on the door and they said to the doorman, "Take me to your leader". It stumped the doorman but it did not stump the hon. member for Bonavista-Twillingate. He had been on the stump so long that he had started to look like one. I will give him credit. He got off the stump but he went out on a limb. He said, "Bring them in, I am the leader". He has been out on the limb ever since. He has become pretty good at hanging by one hand. After all, you need the other once in a while to scratch yourself.
At about the same time I noticed in the Vancouver Sun that the hon. member for Bonavista-Twillingate had written a book. I am not sure whether I have the article here because sometimes I throw stuff away. Yes, I have it here. I am not going to take very much time on this but the article in the Vancouver Sun of October 27 last reads in part as follows:
The Mackenzie King Record, by M.P. John W. Pickersgill, is pretty dull reading.
That is a fact because here was an attempt by a man to put something into circulation which people would buy. He did not tell them that it would drive them crazy. The article goes on to say:
Nobody will buy Pickersgill's Mackenzie King Record; its only place is on the stuffy shelves of reference libraries, to which it will add more stuffiness.
Mr. Speaker, actually I had no intention of speaking. After listening to the gloom, this is simply an attempt on
my part to introduce a little fun and something of the Christmas spirit. I am quite happy to see members of the opposition laughing and enjoying themselves. I think they are very fine fellows. I said that without giving it much thought, however.
Many times in the past we have heard predictions from the Liberal party and I should like to deal with one for a few minutes. This weird prediction came from the Liberal department of doom. Ever since they went out of office in 1957 they have claimed for Canada and Canadians all types of ruin and destruction. None of their predictions have come to pass or are they likely to come to pass. A few weeks ago the Leader of the Opposition put one prediction into orbit across Canada that tops them all. He told his party followers that the Liberal party would soon be in power again. That is just more gloom, and to help them on their way I would suggest an old theme song to them: I'm forever blowing bubbles, pretty bubbles in the air, and you know what happened to those bubbles.
it is trite to say that democracy is on trial- I have heard this from our latest and learned friend in the corner. Communism is also on trial and has been condemned by freedom loving men wherever it has reared its ugly head. Socialism is nothing more than a wooden horse within which are red soldiers. All I ask is that Canadians take a good look at this monstrosity outside our walls before they welcome it within.
I should like to see this measure go to a vote but I cannot allow this new voice to go unchallenged. I had expected more from our newest member than the usual emotional balderdash. I had expected dynamic plans for solving the unemployment problem. What do I hear, however, but the usual defeatist propaganda? Now, we have nine gods on the socialist Olympus full of thunderbolts and wind. They are ready to share the results of other people's labour but have no suggestions as to how to create more wealth to share. I appeal to labour to help produce this new wealth, and I appeal to our newest member to add to our efforts or show a modicum of wisdom by waiting until he has some constructive criticism to offer before wasting the time of the house.
Mr. Chairman, on December 6 I addressed a question to the Minister of Finance in the following terms:
I wonder if I could ask the Minister of Finance whether he expects to be in the house between now and the Christmas recess to justify the supplementary estimates.
To that question the minister gave the following reply:
I do not expect to be in the house constantly, but I can assure the hon. gentleman that the supplementary estimates are fully justified and that the ministers of the various departments will be here to deal with the estimates pertaining to their respective departments, according to the usual practice of the house when supplementary estimates are considered.
I note that the hon. lady who presides over the department whose estimate has now been called is not in the committee at the present time. I would suggest that the minister allow this item to stand and proceed to the department of some minister who is in the committee, in accordance, in his own words, with the usual custom.
Of course, this is a nonsensical observation, as no one knows better than the hon. member for Bonavista-Twillingate. In this particular case there is a spokesman here. The parliamentary secretary will be here to speak for the department concerned and information that is sought in relation to the estimates concerning that department will be forthcoming.
Mr. Chairman, I would just like to recall to the mind of the Minister of Finance, who seems to be suffering from amnesia in this matter, that on one occasion when the previous government was in office his then leader, Mr. Drew, took the strongest possible exception to proceeding with the estimates of one of the departments because the minister happened to be absent, notwithstanding the fact that the parliamentary assistant to the minister of fisheries was there. Quite a scene was made about this until I happened to come into the chamber-[DOT] I was acting minister-and there was no longer any substance for this contention.
If the Acting Minister of Citizenship and Immigration-who I believe is the Minister
Supply-Citizenship and Immigration of Justice, unless some change has been made-is present and willing to speak for the Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, or at least to throw his cloak over the parliamentary secretary, in accordance with the rule laid down by Mr. Drew, that would seem to be an appropriate thing to do. Otherwise I think the usual practice, as the minister told us on December 6, ought to be observed in the committee on this occasion.
Perhaps the Minister of Finance will explain to us what he really did mean when he said:
-the ministers of the various departments will be here to deal with the estimates pertaining to their respective departments, according to the usual practice of the house when supplementary estimates are considered.
We have had some discussion in times past about the handling of the final estimates, those that are normally introduced in the month of March and which are often left to the Minister of Finance to pilot through the committee. The reason for that is that those are normally what are called clean-up items; they are not items that normally introduce any new principle, but simply involve what are called further amounts required for purposes that have already been approved by the house in the normal appropriation act which in ordinary years would have been passed some months in advance of that particular time.
What I meant when I made the remark last week in reply to the question of the hon. member for Bonavista-Twillingate is, I think, quite clear. I meant we would follow the usual practice in a case such as the one we have now, but the hon. member for Bonavista-Twillingate thinks he can score some advantage, by reason of the absence through illness of the Minister of Citizenship and Immigration and impede the work of the committee.
I just point out that the parliamentary secretary to the minister is here and is prepared to answer any questions in relation to these several items of the Department of Citizenship and Immigration, so that the work of the committee will not be impeded. The information that any member requires
will be forthcoming as long as the hon. member opposite does not seek to impede it by this ill-founded observation. | <urn:uuid:97c576bd-9dba-4b2b-8113-6022efe4dc2d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lipad.ca/full/1960/12/16/16/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.983598 | 5,942 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Anyone that is concerned they might leave their computer and its files accessible to others when they move away from their desk and have forgotten to enable a screen lock. Might be interested in a new gadget called the GateKeeper Chain which has been designed to secure your computer automatically whenever you walk away from your desk.
The GateKeeper Chain uses Bluetooth 4.0 connectivity to make sure that you log off from your PC whenever you out of proximity from your computer. As well as protecting files on your computer other useful features on the GateKeeper Chain key fob are provided by the free companion application that also warn you when you’re leaving your keys behind.
The GateKeeper Chain uses AES Encryption for wireless data communication, has a 6 month battery life, a 100ft range and is compatible with Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1 with Mac OS X being supported in future versions.
The GateKeeper Chain key fob has been prototyped, tested and developed and is now ready to make the jump from concept into production, but will need funds to accomplish this and will soon be launching on the Kickstarter crowd funding website. Check out the GateKeeper Chain official website for more details.
“The GateKeeper tracks the location of the key using a proprietary signal strength algorithm and locks/unlocks your computer based on where you are. Is it secure? GateKeeper uses a modulating, encrypted connection to enable only a unique key to interface with the lock. The password is encrypted and stored on the computer itself – So no one can steal it.”
There are all kinds of interesting and fun applications for GateKeeper.
– Office: Keep snooping co-workers at bay from accessing your computer.
– Dorms: Don’t let your friends change your Facebook status… again!
– Home: Protect your PC from siblings and parents alike.
– Coffee Shop: Outside with your laptop? Ensure your privacy. | <urn:uuid:b05f9ab0-3e7c-4961-8ecc-649829ce8d8b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.geeky-gadgets.com/gatekeeper-chain-key-fob-automatically-locks-your-pc-as-you-leave-your-desk-video-06-02-2014/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.927247 | 409 | 1.5625 | 2 |
God’s Image is Homeless in Glasgow
I am in Glasgow. It is dark. By lamplight, cold, damp stairs lead down into a dark indiscriminate jumble of cardboard, rags and boxes. It is raining. I glance, walk past, stop, then turn back. Something had caught my eye. From a clutter of discarded rubbish, a hand sticks out, clutching a bottle. And a battered suitcase – the only two signs of humanity amongst all this detritus. I don’t know whether it is a man or a woman. Probably a man. Does it matter? The scene tugs at my heart.
Underneath all this is a person made in God’s image. I am angry: at the devil; at what he is doing to humanity; at what he is doing to God’s creation. I feel helpless. I look at him. What can I do? Was he fast asleep, drunk, drugged? I can’t offer him food or anything. I just watch. I pray, it is the only thing I can do at this time. It is the best I can do. My heart goes out to him.
I walk away, continuing to pray for him: for the agencies that help people, like him, who live on the streets; for the people who find themselves in these situations. I pray as I walk home: for the Lord to bring people to help this man and the hundreds of others.
I wonder why it is that at this time I should feel so deeply about this person. The image of a hand reaching into the air holding an empty bottle, so vulnerable, so lonely, burns into my memory. I sense God’s love for him. He is not alone: throughout the city, there are many homeless people. The suitcase: an image, evocative of this man’s worldly possessions. Maybe the Lord wants me to pray at this time. Maybe he guided me along this street. I don’t know the answer.
Jesus said, “You will always have the poor among you.” (John 12:8). He also asks us to care for them. “Love your neighbour as yourself,” He said. (Mt. 22:39). | <urn:uuid:94ba20d1-949a-4677-8888-921046b77feb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sharingjesus.org.uk/gods-image-homeless-in-glasgow/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.965426 | 472 | 1.539063 | 2 |
On the subject of car or truck insurance coverage, there are various different factors that could have an effect on your quality. You are able to decreased your premium by driving safely and responsibly. Other variables to consider when evaluating charges involve your car make and model, the value of your automobile, and how you use it. If you often drive lengthy distances, you usually tend to be involved with mishaps. In the end, The simplest way to lessen your insurance policy high quality is to locate a plan that fits your preferences.
In relation to insurance policies, the normal car operator is accountable for spending between $1,one hundred to above $5,000 a yr. It’s important to know that charges can differ broadly from condition to state. In a few states, whole coverage fees 2 times just as much as minimal protection. Shown below are some strategies to help you get the most beneficial rate. A bare minimum legal responsibility Restrict is only expected in some states, although complete coverage ordinarily includes a $five hundred deductible.
Picking out the appropriate motor vehicle is important for the reason that some cars and trucks are more expensive than Many others, causing larger insurance coverage premiums. Also, some automobiles are costlier to repair and exchange, so their insurance plan rates are typically increased. Drivers that has a clean driving historical past have a tendency to obtain much more affordable rates. Age and gender also Participate in a component in deciding insurance coverage premiums. Youthful motorists are typically much more risky than more mature motorists. Moreover, some insurers use credit score scores to ascertain insurance premiums. However, some states have passed legislation prohibiting these kinds of use.
You can find six fundamental sorts of automobile coverage coverages. This coverage helps you to customise your policy to address an assortment of various conditions. You can expect to also want to ensure that you’ve liability coverage. Liability insurance coverage is required by legislation in many states, but you can decide on a unique kind of coverage for those who’d desire. Legal responsibility insurance policy handles you in the event you’re at fault in a mishap, but Furthermore, it covers other drivers in your automobile. It will pay for other people’s damages or accidents, and it also can cover healthcare payments.
A normal coverage will incorporate quite a few types of coverage, like liability, collision, detailed, uninsured/underinsured motorist, and clinical payments. These are generally all significant, and you need to get enough of these. A few of these coverages may very well be necessary in certain states, while some may not. To locate the finest automobile insurance policy protection for your requirements, stop by a web-site like Freeway Insurance policy. You will find numerous types of coverage alternatives and help save money and time.
Just about every point out sets its individual least automobile insurance needs, and these guidelines are damaged down into 3 different quantities. In California, as an example, you’re required to carry a minimum of 15/thirty/five in bodily harm legal responsibility coverage, and thirty/50/five in home harm legal responsibility. These quantities can vary widely, so it is best to examine your condition’s demands in advance of driving. Even though alternate insurance may very well be an option, it is not generally a good suggestion.
The minimum protection required by your state is frequently liability coverage, but quite a few lenders demand comprehensive coverage. Full protection refers to both collision and extensive insurance policy, and it could be expected by your lender for anyone who is financing your automobile. Legal responsibility coverage handles damages to other people’s assets during the party of a mishap but not your individual car or truck or self. Bodily injuries legal responsibility and property injury liability insurance policy could be combined to supply you with the very best protection at a really fair cost.
No matter if you’ve got collision protection on your automobile insurance plan plan relies on your situation. Though you might not be necessary by legislation to acquire this protection, lenders will probably need it if you plan on funding your automobile. Lenders may also call for you to hold collision insurance policy When you have a financial loan, which means that you simply need to order total coverage automobile insurance plan. This coverage is a necessity for most of us who finance a vehicle, whether new or utilised.
Collision coverage pays the entire price of your automobile in the event of a mishap. Although the insurance provider pays the complete expense of repairs, it may not be plenty of to replace the car if It is stolen or totaled. You may additionally ought to spend some personal money to interchange the vehicle. When you’ve got this sort of protection, ensure that you realize the terms and conditions ahead of obtaining vehicle insurance plan. It’s also advisable to comprehend the deductible, which can be individual with the collision deductible.
There are several things to contemplate when purchasing an automobile insurance Monthly bill. Some states need minimum restrictions on Home and Uninsured motorist protection, which pays for your distinction between your charges as well as coverage Restrict with the at-fault driver. Other states don’t have to have underinsured motorist coverage. Below are a few suggestions to assist you to buy the correct coverage plan for your preferences. Ideally, the following tips could make the process just a little less difficult and preserve you funds.
Liability protection for car insurance policies is necessary in order to secure your self as well as your residence towards promises of injury or residence injury. This coverage can cover the price of defense or settlement in case you be identified at fault for an accident. There are various types of coverage, so it is important to understand the distinction between them to stop high-priced surprises. State Farm presents common fees for numerous amounts of coverage. You could obtain it extra effective to decide on a medium coverage stage.
For most states, you might be required to have liability protection with your coverage, which covers damages to other people’s property and injuries to Others. This type of coverage also safeguards you in the event you result in a collision with A different driver. This coverage could be the default plan in many states, and is usually recommended for motorists in many nations. On the other hand, it can be crucial to understand that legal responsibility insurance plan restrictions are really different in Every state. Your liability limit will decide how much you’ll have to pay to protect damages.
In practically every single state, it is illegitimate to generate without the need of liability coverage, which incorporates assets injury liability. Should you bring about damage to somebody else’s assets, liability protection pays for repairs. Nonetheless, your vehicle insurance coverage would not address your very own car’s damages. Your point out can have various minimal prerequisites for legal responsibility protection, so it’s important to check your coverage before buying it. Assets protection can be significant for your monetary safety. It can help you avoid being remaining with enormous coverage expenses in case you trigger a mishap.
Your insurance policies policy have to have some type of property harm coverage to compensate you during the party of the collision. This coverage pays for almost any damages you trigger to another human being’s car or truck, together with repairs. It also pays for your removal of particles right after an accident. Property coverage is commonly written with 3 numbers, together with bodily injuries protection per incident and assets damage coverage per incident. Bigger limitations, even so, present additional coverage. Be sure you study your plan and question your insurance coverage agent if there are any exclusions or restrictions.
In New York, you may declare uninsured motorist protection if another driver doesn’t have more than enough insurance to cover the cost of your collision. This protection applies when the other driver is not really identified in the least and also the incident is a hit-and-run. The Insurance coverage Regulation SS 5217 specifies which the uninsured motorist coverage has to be bought in almost any Actual physical collision, but courts have interpreted this provision to only utilize inside a Bodily collision.
Underinsured and uninsured motorist coverage are optional in some states, but in other states, you needs to have them both. Getting each coverages will give you more coverage in the event you must shell out professional medical expenses or other costs. In the event the uninsured driver leaves you which has a damaged motor vehicle, the uninsured motorist protection can purchase the repairs. Although this coverage just isn’t demanded, it might be a smart strategy to carry no less than the bare minimum quantity of liability protection.
In the event you’ve never deemed it, auto coverage reductions are a great way to cut costs and keep green. Several new autos have basic safety functions including airbags and anti-lock brakes that should cut down your premiums. You may also get additional savings for possessing protection options in the automobile, for instance daytime functioning lights or anti-theft alarms. Spending your quality in comprehensive each and every year will likely eliminate payment problems for twelve months. In truth, about fifty percent of insurers supply a reduction for this kind of payment.
You may additionally be qualified for discounts for those who’ve had your plan for a number of decades. These bargains range based on the length of time you’ve had your policy, but quite a few companies present savings for currently being loyal to their shoppers. You might be qualified for a reduction of approximately fifteen% if you buy your policy a minimum of seven days right before your renewal date. Aside from these discounts, some organizations even provide bargains to Those people in particular occupations. One example is, instructors acquire ten% off their premiums from Liberty Mutual. Armed forces personnel get a 15% low cost from Geico.
Have you been a young driver trying to find auto insurance policy cheap rates? Here are a few suggestions it is possible to abide by to save cash on vehicle insurance plan protection: Elevating your deductibles, acquiring a no promises price cut, and obtaining a plan with a regional insurance provider. The following tips could help you save many pounds each and every year on your own automobile insurance policy plan. In addition they enable you to get the lowest costs possible. Keep reading to find out additional. You will end up glad you probably did!
Young motorists can get monetary savings on automobile insurance policies by driving a lot more safely, reducing the quantity of miles they travel, and letting the insurance provider keep track of their driving patterns. You can also decrease your premiums by buying all-around for vehicle coverage. Quite a few insurers demand a higher fee for younger motorists, so it is important to shop about. Fortunately, there are no cost on-line estimate comparison applications that make this simple. Furthermore, you could ask for a reduction When you’ve got various autos and also have them insured by exactly the same company.
When seeking a policy, You should definitely Assess a number of quotes and pick the most effective benefit and top quality. You may as well try to look for an insurance plan agent who’ll expand along with you, permitting you to generate adjustments as your driving history improvements. You should definitely Look at policies that supply very similar types of protection, as deductibles and limitations can make a giant variation. In case you are a younger driver, It’s also wise to get adequate protection to stay away from money catastrophe.
Getting a no statements discounted on automobile cover is a great way to save money on your premiums, and it might be worth asking your insurance company how to use it. Dependant upon the insurance provider, the price reduction might be worth anywhere from 30% following a yr to as many as 65% immediately after 5 years. Bear in mind In case you have an accident, you can eliminate two a long time of no statements reward. Also, numerous promises can even wipe out all of your no statements reward. It is really vital to notify your insurance provider quickly of any mishaps that you have, as failing to do so could indicate that long run claims are going to be turned down.
Most insurers give no statements discount security for just a charge of close to PS25. It enables you to make a specific variety of statements a year with out worrying regarding your premiums going up. It is also feasible to include it to a new plan Should you have a no statements reward. Additionally, you are able to transfer your no claims price reduction to another insurance company if you want. To maintain your no promises discounted, you must take into account switching providers each year or two.
When looking for a low cost motor vehicle insurance plan quotation, boosting your deductibles is a great way to get reduce rates. Some estimates say It can save you in between 15 and 30 per cent on your own premium by increasing your deductibles. These financial savings could vary extensively depending on your driving history, the type of car you generate, as well as your condition’s rules. Elevating your deductibles could also reduce your annually quality by as many as 40%.
Whilst boosting your deductible is not the right choice for everybody, it will let you save A large number of dollars over the long run. Although the amount you end up picking to lift your deductible will depend upon your financial scenario, experts recommend saving at the least two months’ truly worth of residing expenditures. In addition, it will eventually lower your insurance charges each and every month. You will also help save a substantial amount of money when you ever create a declare.
Acquiring a policy using a regional insurance company could be beneficial for motorists which has a inadequate credit background. It could help you save revenue every month on your own every month insurance coverage Invoice, and you may benefit from reductions and exceptional customer support. Obtaining a coverage with a regional insurance provider is out there in all fifty states, and you may Review prices by state to find the lowest costs. Having said that, it is necessary to notice that it might have a few months to raise your credit rating score, and a few drivers having a poor credit history history can finish up having to pay about $400 a calendar year.
Erie Insurance is another regional insurance company which offers low cost auto insurance coverage. This corporation is located in Pennsylvania, and is in enterprise considering that 1925. Erie presents vehicle insurance coverage, lifetime, and property insurance plan. Whilst Erie only gives coverage in selected states, it has much more than thirteen,000 independent insurance policies agents through America. You are able to decide on an agent or simply a regional insurance provider In accordance with your needs. Having said that, it is recommended which you read all fantastic print before making a call.
For anyone who is a significant-threat driver, you’ll want to compare automobile coverage quotes and find The most affordable plan for your preferences. You should also look at how much coverage is offered in your town to help you ascertain if a reduce fee can be done. It’d be a lot more cost-effective to purchase extra protection When you have lower chance or if you compromise for a higher deductible. All of it will depend on your needs. The good news is, there are various possibilities accessible to you.
When you are searhing for The most cost effective automobile insurance estimate for top-hazard motorists, you’re in luck. You can certainly uncover one which has a couple of clicks on-line. The world wide web can provide you with various estimates for coverage in a portion of the price of classic car or truck coverage. Not merely that, but it surely will even make signing up for insurance a lot easier. All you have to do is complete a straightforward on the web variety, pay back your high quality, so you’re finished! The insurance company will then print you a card as proof within your insurance coverage protection and you will have a coverage within the highway.
For those who have a poor credit historical past, you are thought of a large-hazard driver by many insurance policy corporations. This is because you usually tend to file an insurance claim than the usual driver with excellent credit rating. Your credit rating is often a factor in how coverage firms see you, along with a previous DUI/DWI will raise your top quality by up to sixty five%. This is certainly reminiscent of an extra $477 with a six-thirty day period plan. One more element that insurers contemplate is your driving heritage. A DUI/DWI can enhance your top quality by about $174, in addition to a rushing ticket can include around about forty five%.
When you have a DUI with your report, you may decide on The most affordable vehicle insurance policy service provider. Organizations like Condition Farm, American Spouse and children, and Progressive have some fantastic options which provide decreased premiums for top-chance motorists. In addition they take into account your credit score when deciding your quality. Insurers think about these aspects when choosing the amount of you spend for your plan. A poor credit rating rating could cause insurance premiums to skyrocket, so it’s essential to understand your credit rating prior to making a call.
There are a number of components to look at when choosing The most cost effective vehicle insurance policies for younger drivers. Your age and marital position play a large job inside your vehicle insurance plan fees. The sort of automobile you generate might also have an impact on the premium. For example, higher-general performance automobiles are typically dearer to insure than reduced-efficiency autos. For that reason, step one in finding The most affordable automobile insurance policy for youthful motorists is to find a vehicle with numerous basic safety characteristics.
A great way to reduced the expense of automobile insurance for youthful motorists is to lower the coverage you would like. Lots of insurers offer you savings if you are a great scholar, or Should you be in driver teaching. Nonetheless, decreasing your protection could cause huge out-of-pocket bills Should you have a mishap. Therefore, you’ll want to weigh the hazards of this feature diligently, and usually err around the side of locating better value.
Teenagers Use a complicated time securing low-cost automobile insurance plan. Whilst the cost of a policy for your sixteen-12 months-aged driver is way bigger than that of the adult, it may be decreased by adding a teen to an current plan. This selection increases prices by a median of $1,461 a year, but is commonly more cost-effective than getting a different coverage. Also, in case you are a youthful driver, try to look for bargains and other techniques to avoid wasting.
The price of car insurance policies varies extensively determined by your profile, which can mean that you need to shop about for The most affordable insurance policy for minimal-risk drivers. Insurers think about numerous things when deciding on an insurance policy coverage, like your driving record, demographics, and All round danger amount. Outlined below are the 5 primary elements to contemplate when comparing insurance policies estimates. Remember that decrease insurance coverage fees Do not imply that you’ve got to sacrifice high-quality.
First of all, take into consideration your zip code. Those in substantial-crime spots will encounter higher charges. Furthermore, insurance policies firms just take website traffic quantity into consideration. Also, be sure you don’t have any mishaps or claims on the history, as these will increase your rates. Lastly, Understand that you must Review rates every six months in order to avoid paying in excess of You will need to. You should also take into account getting a multi-policy price cut if you have multiple policy with a specific insurance company.
When credit rating scores usually are not legally employed by insurers in a few states, They are nonetheless essential concerns when evaluating automobile insurance policies rates. In Hawaii, motorists with lousy credit will pay 168% over equivalent clean up motorists. In Massachusetts, high-risk motorists fork out thirty% greater than clear drivers. For brand new drivers, a DUI, rushing ticket, and poor credit will enhance charges a lot more than Other individuals. Make sure you obtain a couple of offers before you make a choice.
The zip code you live in is a major Consider the cost of insurance plan. If you live in a place with significant criminal offense and incident fees, you are able to hope to pay for a lot more for insurance plan prices. In addition, elements like website traffic quantity and incident background can increase the expense of insurance. Most insurance policies businesses also look into a driver’s driving heritage to determine what rate they ought to charge for his or her policy. Usually, motorists by using a inadequate driving history spend more for coverage than Those people having a clean driving history.
Car insurance coverage has risen by $50 – $one hundred in the last five years, as well being care fees are actually raising. Motorists are needed to carry uninsured and PIP insurance plan, which can be over-common point out demands. Lots of states only demand legal responsibility coverage, but New York calls for motorists to hold each. These optional coverages improve the cost of insurance coverage, and can typically boost the complete high quality. Last of all, motorists must Test their coverage boundaries, as some procedures Have got a reduced minimal degree of coverage than Other people.
In New York, the average individual spends 2.eight percent of their money on car or truck insurance policies, which can be slightly higher compared to nationwide typical of 2.forty percent. Men and women within their 30s, 40s, and 50s will pay slightly less than the average. The 70+ age group will pay bigger premiums than motorists with fewer driving knowledge. Those people who are married will pay marginally increased premiums, but nonetheless decrease than solitary individuals.
In combination with reduce premiums, drivers could also acquire defensive driving courses. These lessons are 320 minutes in length, and include discussions of driver Mindset and visitors regulations. They also instruct defensive driving techniques which will drastically cut down the cost of coverage. They also can aid to improve their driving file, so completing a training course can lower the cost of an auto insurance policies estimate. Nonetheless, should you be Not sure about the exact coverage you will need, you’ll be able to Examine Along with the Insurance Information and facts Institute.
When fuel charges change by state, the cost of a car or truck insurance policies quotation in other states could be increased or lessen than your personal. Some variables could account for this, like The proportion of uninsured drivers, state insurance plan legal guidelines, and the rate of theft. Also, the incidence of lousy climate can improve the cost of coverage in several states. The next desk displays common auto insurance premiums in various states. These estimates are determined by a comparison of state insurance plan necessities.
Missouri is The most cost effective point out for full-protection automobile insurance, shelling out just $944 below Louisiana. Also, this point out has one among the bottom prices for each capita, and it is rated fifth in terms of price of living. In distinction, Texas motorists spend probably the most for his or her automobile insurance, spending up to 33% in their once-a-year income in full. This disparity could be on account of the fact that the state contains a significant quantity of uninsured drivers and lots of lawsuits.
The countrywide typical for total protection auto insurance policies is $one,771 a 12 months. The condition with the most expensive insurance policies top quality is Louisiana, by using a premium of $two,839, a 19% boost from 2020. Conversely, Maine’s typical insurance coverage top quality is just $858. This is because no-fault states have increased insurance policy rates. The expense of a vehicle coverage coverage in other states can vary considerably. There are lots of elements to take into consideration, which include your state’s laws on insurance policy.
In case you are seeking high-possibility driver vehicle coverage in the vicinity of me, you may be asking yourself how to get a small-cost plan. Large-hazard motorists shell out greater insurance policy rates than common drivers. This is because they tend to have far more accidents or violations on their record. Depending upon the state, the Restrict may be a few a long time or five years. In some instances, you will get discount rates if you take a driver basic safety study course.
While the national averages for high-possibility driver vehicle insurance policy in the vicinity of me are very consistent, you will discover that rates change wildly from point out to point out. Some businesses alter their rates to distinct states, so if you reside in a specific condition, it’s possible you’ll realize that one insurance company presents you the very best coverage for just a small rate. The most affordable superior-possibility driver car insurance close to me originates from State Farm, that has a lengthy-standing reputation for giving outstanding support.
The easiest way to find a substantial-risk driver motor vehicle coverage in the vicinity of me will be to enter your ZIP code and Look at estimates. The cost of high-hazard car or truck coverage around me can vary from condition to condition, but most massive insurers supply these types of protection. Some organizations focus on superior-chance coverage, like Countrywide Basic. It’s possible you’ll even be able to find a less expensive plan In case you have excellent grades in addition to a minimal-risk car.
There are many advantages of evaluating car insurance plan corporations. In the following paragraphs, We’ll examine some of An important attributes, like rankings, discounts, and customer service. Selecting the very best policy is essential for your basic safety and security, so make time to compare the various insurance policies from various businesses. By the time you end studying this post, you’ll have an concept of which insurance provider offers the best protection at the bottom Charge. Below are a few tricks to select the correct 1 for yourself:
To have the ideal price, you must Assess vehicle insurance prices from unique businesses. Insurers use a lot of aspects to determine the price of coverage. It’s essential to determine your individual desires and Look at prices from several vendors. For illustration, athletics automobiles can Charge a lot more to insure than standard autos. Additionally, your locality and driving background can also have an impact on the charges you are quoted. By making use of a comparison Software, you could find the bottom price on precisely the same protection With all the identical deductibles.
Coverage premiums may vary noticeably, so it can be critical to know how Every single plan functions. Amongst the components that have an effect on rates are driving record, age, and credit history history. You can even Look at the benefits that every corporation presents, such as roadside aid or incident forgiveness. While this will likely seem to be a frightening job, it can assist to match offers from distinctive companies and choose the proper a single. Outlined under are a few tricks to get you started.
In terms of comparing car insurance policy corporations, you might want to start with the J.D. Power car or truck insurance provider rankings. These are generally according to consumer gratification surveys that study thousands of automobile insurance plan shoppers nationwide. The effects are compiled into numerical scores that symbolize the companies’ normal consumer gratification rating. These rankings are released per year, and the top auto insurance plan firms in Each individual classification are awarded gold medals. But how Are you aware of if the businesses you are looking at are any fantastic?
There are numerous means To judge the fiscal strength of car or truck insurance providers. For starters, you could Verify the AM Ideal insurance provider rating, which delivers financial steadiness scores for car or truck insurance plan corporations. Whether the car or truck insurance company has an A, B, C, or F score, it is vital to understand how steady it is actually prior to picking a policy. This is an important element of customer service, so make sure to go through the assessments and browse the high-quality print prior to making a choice.
Vehicle insurance companies offer a number of discounts. A lot of of such special discounts might not be accessible for Absolutely everyone, so it’s important to check the business Web page to be sure to qualify with the savings that use for you. Some organizations present various special discounts, and You may as well request your insurance agent When they are eligible for just about any certain low cost. On the other hand, the method is a snap and often requires fewer than an hour. Beneath are a few samples of attainable car insurance policies discounts.
Legacy Bargains: A vehicle insurance company could give a discount to new drivers who order their policy through their parents’ firm. This price reduction is generally close to 10 %. This really is one way to thank your mothers and fathers for your enterprise over the years, and it could help you save dollars on your vehicle coverage coverage. Quite a few corporations give legacy discount rates to younger drivers, and It is well worth checking to determine If the insurance provider features 1. You may as well consider procedures provided by American Household, Farmers, or USAA.
During the insurance policies business, There are many businesses that continually excel at customer service. Esurance, such as, scored 4 out of 5 from the J.D. Electrical power rankings for customer care, a significant mark for an organization whose mother or father organization will not. The corporate scored greater than its competitors in all other parts, including plan offerings and costs, together with the top quality of services furnished by its Speak to center Associates and Web page.(personalised company)
An important ingredient of automobile insurance coverage for many shoppers is its coverage, but it is the customer support that matters most. Customers wish to Get hold of their insurers and obtain prompt, courteous company. Consequently they would like to receive a reaction for their e-mail and phone calls immediately, and they would like to speak with an agent who will listen to their worries and offer alternatives. When all automobile insurance businesses might offer you superb customer service, some do conduct much better than Other people.(rideshare insurance coverage)(just some clicks)(insurance solutions)
Quite a few things have an effect on the premiums of motor vehicle insurance policy corporations. Driving background and age are two main aspects. A driver with a bad driving background or perhaps a poor credit history score will likely have increased premiums. Also, the cost of living in your neighborhood will have an impact on the premiums. For that reason, it is vital to compare the premiums of many insurance policies companies to locate the one that can go well with your spending plan as well as your driving patterns. There are many strategies to lessen your premiums, like slicing protection or having a defensive driving program. You may also opt to purchase a complete year of protection up entrance.(Monthly bill on the web)(personnel discount rates)(at fault incident)(lined incident)
In combination with the above-outlined things, all kinds of other things can boost your premium. For instance, in the event you’ve just lately created a claim or logged a visitors violation, your insurance service provider will reassess your premiums. On top of that, if you’re taking a safe driving course, you may well be qualified for a discount. Insurance coverage organizations are continuously tweaking their versions to find out the prices, and you could possibly notice a change in your premiums Even when you’ve by no means adjusted your driving heritage.(utilization centered insurance policy)(rental cars and trucks)(vehicle repairs)(safe driver price cut)
A vehicle coverage Examine is a terrific way to prevent disreputable coverage vendors. One example is, minimal estimates from a specific insurance provider could be misleading In case the quote excludes certain coverage or makes inaccurate assumptions about your driving profile. By hunting up insurance policy firms’ rankings and the A.M. Greatest rating, yow will discover The most affordable insurance plan firms close to you. Read this informative article to find out how car insurance compares can help you save revenue. Then, Obtain your offers from the major companies and find out which one particular is the greatest for you.(incident absolutely free)
Your credit rating-centered insurance policy rating is a practical indicator of how much chance you happen to be likely to pose, but you should not let it dictate your fees. The federal government does not let insurers to make use of your credit historical past as the sole reason for a rise in your premiums. Even so, states for example California, Massachusetts, Oregon, Utah, and Vermont have laws in place that limit insurers from using credit rating background to determine insurance coverage charges.(could help you save)(new car)(auto declare)
However, this kind of insurance coverage doesn’t implement to each point out, so consumers haven’t any way to ascertain if an organization is using your score to make your mind up the amount of to charge them. Some states, for example California, Hawaii, Massachusetts, and Michigan, do ban credit score-dependent insurance coverage. Many other states even have limitations on the use of credit-dependent insurance policy scores. Ultimately, you will have to decide on your own if your credit history-based insurance policy score is appropriate for you.(motorcycle insurance coverage)(roadside help protection)(bundling vehicle)(receive a car or truck insurance coverage)(pet insurance policy)(true funds price)(remarkable promises support)(yacht insurance coverage)
Lots of things affect the expense of motor vehicle insurance coverage discounts, including age. Age affects your fee by a lot more than 30 per cent, and in some states, a younger driver pays Just about 4 instances up to a 30-year-aged. Inexperience is an additional major element, as youthful youngsters usually tend to enter into accidents. By understanding what variables affect your premiums, you may negotiate reduce expenditures for yourself. Detailed beneath are several of the ways that age has an effect on your car insurance coverage.
Generally speaking, the younger you might be, the reduced your rates will likely be. But For anyone who is a man, age does have an effect on the cost of vehicle insurance policies. While youthful male drivers shell out fewer than their more mature counterparts, premiums for motorists within their sixties and seventies skyrocket. Statistically, males are two and a 50 % situations as more likely to be involved in an auto crash than Ladies, so the gender hole decreases with age.(coverage choices)(homeowners insurance plan)
The point that a man pays a better high quality for auto insurance plan than a lady is not completely surprising. Numerous Adult men make bad selections while driving, resulting in far more mishaps and claims. Nonetheless, There are some variables that make Guys costlier to insure. Here are several of the very best main reasons why. Keep reading to find out more details on the preferred factors that have an effect on vehicle insurance policy costs by gender. And if you are still bewildered, take into consideration the following tips for decreasing your rates.(auto insurance plan policies)(automobile insurance quotation)(vehicle insurance plan charge)
The Oregon Division of economic Regulation has instructed automobile insurers to accommodate individuals who Will not specify their gender. Discrimination versus non-binary folks can be grounds for unfair discrimination rates, and insurers will have to file fees for the people motorists setting up in January 2019. These prices might be better than Those people for male and feminine drivers. Providing they’re not extreme, Girls can spend less. Also, Don’t be concerned with regards to the “non-binary” rate for youthful motorists.(motor vehicle insurance policies claim)(hole insurance policy)(auto policy) | <urn:uuid:538eaa22-e03f-4384-87e9-1142ad8af764> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cheapcarinsurancebyzip.info/car-insurance-in-milton-pa/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.95328 | 7,240 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Music Arranged and Performed by
I wish you all happy 15th August. From 1857 to 1947 many Indians had fought for the freedom. Some like Gandhi, Bhagatsinh sacrificed their lives. Gandhi lead worlds first and only nonviolent fight for freedom, in which many died. Remember Jaliyawala Baug. Some lived all their lives in resistance to the British government and lived uncomfortable life in jails and at homes, like Nehru, Saradar Patel and thousands of other Indian patriots. They could have lived rich life in luxury, if they had wanted.
The freedom did not come easy. Now all we have to do is enjoy the freedom while doing honest and hard work, and obey the laws of the land. Unfortunately, that is not what is happening.
Dishonesty and greed can put freedom in danger. Remember, the enemies are lurking to take away India’s freedom, as we speak.
Don’t take the freedom for granted. | <urn:uuid:87795eeb-92c5-48bc-b681-2592fc148f74> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.oasisthacker.com/blog/?p=1040 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.96852 | 209 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Yonkers official: Take school meal debtors to court
Legal action against parents was one suggestion Yonkers City Council members gave on Tuesday to the leaders of the Yonkers Public Schools regarding a growing debt for unpaid school meals.
An $809,000 tab for unpaid Yonkers school meals has at least one lawmaker suggesting that the district take parents with big debts to small claims court.
Legal action was one of several suggestions Yonkers City Council members gave on Tuesday to the leaders of the Yonkers Public Schools regarding a growing debt for unpaid breakfasts and lunches. Another suggestion was to simply not give meals to children without money to force parents to either pay their debts or apply for free or reduced-cost meals.
"If this happens one or two times, maybe the kids will go home and ask their parents to fill out the forms," said City Council President Liam McLaughlin, who also suggested small claims court.
No law requires the school district to feed students who show up in cafeterias without money, so the rising debt is due to district officials' decision not to withhold food from children and instead send parents bills.
The tab for unpaid school meals at the end of the 2015-16 school year on June 30 was $809,000. The biggest chunk of that debt was owed by 94 families with bills of more than $1,000, with a few exceeding $2,000.
And the problem is growing. The most recent school year's unpaid meal tab is 22 percent higher than the previous year's debt, sapping money from other school programs.
School officials said on Tuesday at the City Council's Education Committee meeting that they would not withhold food from any child.
"There are some families who if you deny a student a lunch, they won't get any other meal," said Board of Education President Steve Lopez.
City Council members all expressed concerns about letting children go hungry, so one suggestion was to give children without money a cheaper alternative like a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. School Trustee Judith Ramos Meier rejected that idea because she said peanuts are one of the top food allergens in public schools.
Teachers union president Pat Puleo told the City Council that her union would not favor giving children without money a less expensive alternative because it would segregate and "put a red flag on them."
Schools Superintendent Edwin Quezada noted that in the high schools, students with outstanding debts must pay them before they are given their diplomas, but he said much of the meal debt is in the elementary schools.
Quezada also told city leaders that many of the debtor families probably qualify for free lunches, but they have not filled out applications. Quezada said the school district's efforts to get more applications filled out include phone calls to parents.
"We are not being very successful in getting the applications back," Quezada said.
The City Council's Education Committee took no action after its meeting with school officials, who said that they would continue their deliberations on the meal debt at the Board of Education's Policy Committee. That committee's next meeting is scheduled for Feb. 13. | <urn:uuid:12a9d6ad-8b08-4fbc-889f-96b611bfbb67> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lohud.com/story/news/education/2017/01/25/yonkers-official-take-school-meal-debtors-court/97037528/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.978912 | 638 | 1.59375 | 2 |
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
When Does The Course Start?
The course starts when you purchase the course.
How Long Does The Course Take?
The course is designed to be taken at your own pace. Access the lessons at any time of the day when it's most convenient for you. I would recommend taking one lesson a day.
Can Lessons Be Replayed?
Lesson can be replayed as many times as you need.
How Long Do I Have Access To The Course?
When you purchase the course, you have unlimited six month access.
Can I Print The Study Sheets In The Course?
Yes, they are available for download.
Are There Ice Cream Recipes In This Course?
No. This course only covers sorbets (dairy free recipes). Ice creams are completely different in formulation and we an entire different course dedicated to that.
Do You Cover Vegan/Dairy Free Recipes?
It is not our goal to teach vegan desserts in this course, but you will find that most sorbets are typically vegan because of their fruit/water nature.
How Are Recipes Presented?
All the recipes are base recipes. They hold the purpose of having a starting base with great texture where you, the chef, introduce the infusion and mix-in of choice to customize. One base can be turned into multiple flavors. If enough interest arises, we will do a creative course to teach flavor pairings.
Is This Course Only For Professional Chefs?
No, this course is for anyone who is interested in learning about sorbet fundamentals. Frozen desserts is a more intermediate pastry technique, but if you are willing to be a good student, you can learn how to make great sorbets.
Do You Need Any Special Tools To Take The Course?
The only thing you need to take the course is a notebook to take notes. When you get to the section of cooking an ice cream base, I give details on the tools I use which are common kitchen tools.
Recommended Tools: Kitchen Scale, Thermometer, Micro Scale, Refractometer, Blender, Fine Mesh Strainer.
What If I Don't Have An Ice Cream Machine?
Unfortunately, you do need an ice cream machine to make ice cream.
Does This Course Cover How To Use An Ice Cream Machine?
No. The course includes a review of different ice cream machines to help you choose one that is right for you (pros and cons). This course does not teach step by step on how to operate machinery. Every ice cream machine is different and you should consult with your ice cream machine manufacturer on how to operate the specific machine you have or want to purchase.
Can I Purchase Any Of These Lessons Individually?
No. This course is a master sorbet course and comes as a unit of all the lessons and recipes listed above.
If I Don't Understand Something, Do I Have Access To Chef Allison For Further Questions?
Yes, upon purchasing the course you'll be able to send in any comments/questions directly to Chef Allison. | <urn:uuid:52f4a679-bc11-4904-9c6d-c73ff199ae14> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://courses.chefallisonolivia.com/p/world-of-sorbets | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.922081 | 635 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Thinking of starting your own Minecraft server but unsure of whether to run it from your home PC or actually get dedicated hosting? In this short article we will look at:
- What are the advantages of running a Minecraft server remotely vs a local home server,
- Why running Minecraft on a separate host is better compared to running it on your pc hosts,
- And, what are the benefits of using a remote host and what makes them better,
Minecraft multiplayer is a type of Minecraft where multiple players can play at the same time, it is usually called a Minecraft server.
Any Minecraft server needs a host to run it and getting a dedicated host is always better in pretty much every single way than running it on your own home device. You can check out our reviews of Minecraft server hosting here, if you decide that this is the right route for you.
Table of Contents
Why Are Hosts Required?
Hosts, like Apex Hosting and Hostinger, provide a platform for a Minecraft server to run, and they do it really well.
To run a server one of the basic things needed is what is called RAM, or Random Access Memory.
Similar to running your own device, RAM is what runs a server.
Server speed and TPS (ticks per second) or lag and smoothness are dependent on the RAM that your server has, so if you lack RAM, you mess up in these parts.
Hosts also provide a space (within the server) to store the Minecraft server files such as plugins or mods.
Some of the best hosts available for new server owners are:
- Apex Hosting: https://apexminecrafthosting.com/
- Shockbyte Host: https://shockbyte.com/
- Hostinger: https://hostinger.com
Before we get into the benefits, let’s a quick look at what are the limits when hosting from your home computer or device.
Disadvantages Of Hosting With Your Device
If you have a server with multiple players, as you have probably guessed already, it needs a lot of RAM. If you were to try to run that on your home device, there are going to be serious issues.
- A server hosted on your device cannot run 24/7 and it can affect the server badly,
- This can have a bad impact on your device and can slow it down until it just quits.
- If you are a new user it will be very difficult to manage your server on your device, because…
- Your device doesn’t provide a User Interface and you have to struggle to find files.
Top 11 Advantages Of Dedicated Minecraft Server hosting Vs Local
1 – Ensure You Have Enough RAM
Running a Minecraft server on remote hosts such as Hostinger, Apex Hosting, or Shockbyte provides you with free RAM.
- This RAM does not affect your device and can be accessed and operated using any device to enter your game world.
- Allocating RAM to the server for your gameplay also increases its speed of gameplay,
- RAM helps run the server and connect the players. The more players you have on the server, the more ram is required.
- RAM also minimizes or decreases the lag caused by multiple players playing at the same time.
Depending on the type of server, plugins, mods, and the number of players, these hosts give you multiple options to choose for RAM, you can learn how to pick the correct RAM for your server here.
2 – Storage Is Needed For Growth
Storage is so important for a server, and this space doesn’t come for free either. When you start to build your server, increase it with more players, add modpacks, and plugins, your storage space requirements are going to grow.
To store information/stats of the players, some space is always required for the server, so remember this, there are so many working parts to the server, and a good host provides you with free space so your server can run freely without any storage problem.
On your home computer, this isn’t going to work, but dedicated hosting has you covered, and can grow easily with you as your server hosting business grows.
3 – Don’t Get Stopped By Players Limits
Most Minecraft server owners try to get as many players as they can in their servers. But when hosting using the PC host, a limited number of players can join at a time. This can affect the server growth badly.
But with these remote hosts, like Apex or Hostinger you can have any number of players at the same time playing on your server. It can vary from 2 to many thousands. This lets many people join at the same time and doesn’t affect the server quality, speed or game-playing.
4 – Access Via Remote Console
Having an online host for your server, rather than using your device for it can help you in many ways.
If you want to give the console access to someone to help with your server, you cannot do it with the server hosted on your device.
This is where having an online host can help you. You can share your host username and password with anyone, and they will have full access to your console.
Also, if you want to make some additions to the plugins, and you have hired someone, you can give them access to the console and they will be able to change it, which isn’t possible with your device-hosted server.
5 – Easy Setup For Non Techies
Setting up the server is a difficult task for those who are new to this, and that is where these remote servers come into play so well.
These hosts provide you with a free server.jar file. This .jar makes the server and also runs it.
But, this file is difficult to use for each separate server. It happens a lot on servers that can be modded, has only plugins, or are even completely vanilla.
For new players, these files are difficult to find, and these remote hosting companies give you free access to all of them.
In your device-hosted servers, you have to make the Start.bat or Run.bat file to run the server and are not easy for new users, these hosts have easy panels and can start, stop, or restart servers with 1 click.
6 – Dedicated Ip Adress/Sub-domain
You might have seen that many of the servers such as Hypixel have their IP addresses like Hypixel.net. When starting a new server, you might have noticed that the IP of the server is something like 123.123.123:25565. This doesn’t look professional for public servers.
These hosts have a solution for this as well.
These hosts provide the free subdomain for your server which is also known as the public IP Address of the server. This can be of your choice like abc.plays, abc.net, etc.
These hosts direct these sub-domains to the IP of the servers and players can write this in place of the IP address to join your server.
7 – No Need For Port Forwarding/Tunneling
When running a server on your Device host or your home IP, you need to port forward a server to make it available for other people that are not connected to your IP to play.
The IP address of the home or office is secure and no one having some other IP can connect the server hosted by your IP.
To make it available for others you need to port forward a server so others can connect, which can cause untold issues.
There are no such problems with online hosts.
They provide you with a free IP address that doesn’t need any type of port forwarding. So, these IPs are available worldwide and anyone can connect to them.
8 – Connect All Your Proxy server
Running multiple servers at the same time can be difficult with the same device. And when you have multiple servers running at the same time you have to link them with some server, so you can easily change the server while playing without needing to leave it.
These hosts also provide you the proxy services with which you can connect all servers to a single proxy and can use all servers with that single IP.
You can bridge all servers to a single proxy that can manage all servers and also provide you with more safety.
9 – Simple User Interface
While using your device to host a server, you have to find out all the folders and files to work on…
Which, especially if you don’t know what you are doing is annoying and takes a lot of time.
But with using a remote dedicated host is not a problem, as you can see from the image here.
They have a separate managed UI which shows you a separate place for all folders such as:
- Server properties,
10 – Free Modpacks
These hosts provide you the free modpacks for your server depending on your Minecraft Server Hosting package of choice. When you’re running Minecraft on your own server, you control what mods you want to run, and the best thing is you can test and implement new ones you like.
There is a great index of Modpacks you can check out if you want some ideas for what are available.
These hosts also provide you with easy-to-download free plugins. You can download the plugins available there with just one click and can use them. These hosts also provide you with the basic config of the plugins which make working easier.
11 – DDoS Protection From Attacks
Once you have your server up and running protecting it from the attacks is a must.
These hosts provide you with free DDoS attack protection and make the server secure against hackers… Phew! They also provide you with free auto backups which you can use to roll back in case of any damage to the server.
Final Thoughts On Dedicated Vs Local Minecraft Servers
To run a Minecraft server there are multiple options but using the dedicated host (online hosting) is the best. It can have many benefits, not only in the running of your server but also for massive peace of mind.
- Online hosted servers are easy to manage.
- They are less laggy as they have RAM allocated for them.
- They also provide you with free auto backups and DDoS protection which make the server more secure.
- They also have an easy-to-use interface that can help beginners and make the work fast.
- They also provide the subdomain which for the players to connect to your server.
- They have the servers available in their database which you can use and do not need to find them.
- You can also share the server host with others to work on with ease.
In short, dedicating a host for the server is better always! If you’re sick of slow gameplay and a lagging home server, try our top-rated Minecraft Hosting for Multiplayer to see how this brilliant host can give you smooth and easy gameplay, regardless of your player numbers. | <urn:uuid:9140ce01-32bf-4246-abb8-a9951c3b9e8c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bizofgames.com/benefits-of-minecraft-server-hosting/vs-local/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.95257 | 2,296 | 2.125 | 2 |
Mind and Body Approaches for Cancer Symptoms and Treatment Side Effects
Article Source: https://nccih.nih.gov/health/providers/digest/cancer
Accessed from the world wide web at 14:00 hrs on 09.04.19.
Many people who have been diagnosed with cancer use complementary health approaches. According to the 2007 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), which included a comprehensive survey on the use of complementary health approaches by Americans, 65 percent of respondents who had ever been diagnosed with cancer had used complementary health approaches. Those who had been diagnosed with cancer were more likely than others to have used complementary approaches for general wellness, immune enhancement, and pain management.
Findings from a substantial amount of research suggest that some mind and body approaches, such as acupuncture, massage therapy, mindfulness-based stress reduction, and yoga may help to manage some cancer symptoms and side effects of treatment. This issue of the digest provides a summary of available research on mind and body health approaches for cancer-related symptoms and treatment side effects. | <urn:uuid:ff94f41c-1b58-46a7-9167-e25b2fa6cec9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://healthelearning.online/news/mind-and-body-approaches-for-cancer-symptoms-and-treatment-side-effects/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.958028 | 213 | 2.75 | 3 |
Minerals are naturally occurring homogenous, solid substances of organic or inorganic origin with definite (but not fixed) atomic structures, physical properties and chemical compositions.
The earth contains within itself more than three thousand variety of minerals which are broadly classified into two types based on their chemical composition. Non-metallic minerals are one of those kinds.
An objective definition of Non-metallic minerals can be given not by describing ‘what they are’ but by outlining ‘what they are not. Accordingly, Non-metallic minerals are defined as minerals that do not contain any metallic content within themselves.
In the periodic table, they are separated from the metals by a line that severs the table diagonally. Besides that, their structure mainly comprises of non-noble gases and halogens that are generally characterised by an ability to gain electrons quickly.
Properties of Non-Metallic Minerals
The following are some principal properties that distinguish Non-metallic minerals from Metallic minerals.
- They are made up of non-metallic elements.
- They have a low boiling and melting point.
- They are solid but have the potential to break easily.
- They are poor conductors of electricity and heat.
- They appear dull but can be bright in colour.
- They are very receptive towards electrons.
- Non-metallic minerals tend to have a high level of electronegativity. That is to say; they hold on to their existing electrons very firmly.
Classification of Non-metallic Minerals
Non-metallic Minerals can be classified in two ways:
- Taking into account their nature of origin.
- Taking into account the species of their content.
Based on Nature of Origin
Depending on their nature of origin, Non-metallic Minerals are classified into the following two types.
- Organic: These are primarily fossil fuels, also called mineral fuels and are characterised by their genesis in the dead and buried remains of the plant and animal lives. For example, petroleum and coal.
- Inorganic: These are derived from non-living matters—for example, mica, limestone, graphite etc.
Based on the Species of their Content
Depending on the species of their content, Non-metallic Minerals can be classified into the following types:
- Metallurgical auxiliary material. These include refractory clay, dolomite, silica, magnesite, fluorite etc.
- Chemical non-metallic minerals. For example, sulfur, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, ceresin, Glauber’s salt, trona.
- Ceramic and glass materials like feldspar, quartz sand, kaolin, plastic clay.
- Building materials. These include marble, basalt, granite, gypsum.
- ‘Special’ non-metallic minerals. For example, Iceland spar, mica, crystal, diamond, tourmaline and so on.
- Other materials like pumice, asbestos, talc, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite and the like.
Advantages of Non-metallic Minerals
Non-metallic minerals constitute an integral part of our day to day life as most of the products we use are in some way or the other are made up of non-metallic minerals. Here are some significant benefits of non-metallic minerals:
- They are crucial for the real-estate sector as most of the building materials like limestone are made up of non-metallic minerals.
- The agriculture sector is highly dependent on non-metallic minerals as they are used for preparing fertilisers.
- Non-metallic minerals like mica are used to manufacture electrical appliances and in the electronic industry.
- Non-metallic minerals do not require a substantial amount of processing or additional costs.
Disadvantages of Non-metallic Minerals
Despite their various benefits, Non-metallic minerals do suffer from some significant limitations.
- They tend to brittle and hence, cannot be used for manufacturing sheets and wires.
- No new product can be generated by melting Non-metallic minerals.
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Table of Contents | <urn:uuid:bb143aba-bb9c-42e9-a4f4-294f9c00d788> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://askanydifference.com/what-are-non-metallic-minerals-properties-classification-and-differences/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.903926 | 940 | 4.03125 | 4 |
A rotor, the rotation center of spiral waves, has been proposed as a causal mechanism to maintain atrial fibrillation (AF) in human. However, our current understanding of the causality between rotors and spiral waves remains incomplete. One approach to improving our understanding is to determine the relationship between rotors and downward causation from the macro-scale collective behavior of spiral waves to the micro-scale behavior of individual components in a cardiac system. This downward causation is quantifiable as inter-scale information flow that can be used as a surrogate for the mechanism that maintains spiral waves. We used a numerical model of a cardiac system and generated a renormalization group with system descriptions at multiple scales. We found that transfer entropy quantified the upward and downward inter-scale information flow between micro- and macro-scale descriptions of the cardiac system with spiral waves. In addition, because the spatial profile of transfer entropy and intrinsic transfer entropy was identical, there were no synergistic effects in the system. Furthermore, inter-scale information flow significantly decreased as the description of the system became more macro-scale. Finally, downward information flow was significantly correlated with the number of rotors, but the higher numbers of rotors were not necessarily associated with higher downward information flow. This finding contradicts the concept that the rotors are the causal mechanism that maintains spiral waves, and may account for the conflicting evidence from clinical studies targeting rotors to eliminate AF.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
- Mathematical Physics
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Applied Mathematics | <urn:uuid:44b05f47-b99d-489f-8b59-4c80049d12c4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/inter-scale-information-flow-as-a-surrogate-for-downward-causatio | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.939498 | 320 | 1.726563 | 2 |
What Indian Spices Are Spicy?
Indian spices include a variety of spices grown across the Indian …
What kind of spices are used in Indian cooking?
Indian cooking is famous for its implementation of spices from India and from all over the world. Some of these spices are more widely used than others. Here are some of the most popular spices in Indian cooking: Like black pepper, green cardamom comes from India’s Malabar Coast.
Is there such thing as spicy Indian food?
Yes, it indeed is spicy. And unlike the other cuisines in the world where spice is associated with enormous use of chillies, it’s the combination of condiments, chillies and spices that makes it so!
Which is the most aromatic spice in India?
List of Indian spices Standard English Notes Alkanet Root Amchoor Dried green and unripe mango powder Asafoetida Intensely aromatic - flavor profile some ... Black cardamom Very earthy and darkly aromatic. Often u ... 56 more rows ...
Where are spices grown in the Indian subcontinent?
Indian spices. Indian spices include a variety of spices grown across the Indian subcontinent (a sub-region of South Asia).
What makes Hot Chips spicy? Capsaicin and chili powder are reported to make up the ingredient listed as “seasoning” in Flamin’ Hot Cheetos. Capsaicin is what gives …
Heinz also carries a chili sauce in its line that’s really much more like spicy ketchup than a Sriracha. Spicy ketchup will obviously be sweeter and very mild in comparison to Sriracha, so as an ingredient its good for big proportions (like for meatloaf). Is chili sauce the same as cocktail sauce?
What do Italians use to make their food spicy? Salt- Salt is abundant in Italian cooking. Garlic- is arguably one of the most common spices used. Pepper- Fresh ground pepper is all over Italian food. Red Pepper Flakes- these little guys are wonderful to add a spicy kick to food.
What do ants taste like? It’s typically mentioned that some ants taste spicy, bitter, our even citrusy, just like lemons. The rationale for that is the acid that ants include, which they use to defend themselves in opposition to predators.
quora.comImage: quora.comThe Subway Southwest Chipotle sauce is among my favorite subway sauces! Recognized from its orange color the southwest chipotle sauce is spicy, zesty, and sweet! The flavors mostly come from canned adobo peppers and with the right spices and creamy base you can create one of the tastiest sandwich sauces! What sauce goes on sandwiches?
Serbian cuisine is characterized by highly diverse, solid and spicy food, which can be roughly described as a mixture of Greek, Bulgarian, Turkish and Hungarian cuisine. The use of meat, dough, vegetables and dairy products is predominant in it. Food preparation is a special part of the Serbian tradition and culture.
waitrose.comImage: waitrose.comTo be honest, chicken tikka can be as spicy as you want it to be. There is no standard level of spiciness in this dish. One can increase or decrease the number of chillies into the gravy part beforehand.
A cat that eats spicy meals is prone to gastrointestinal and digestive points, reminiscent of an upset abdomen, diarrhea, and vomiting. This happens because of …
freepik.comImage: freepik.comYellow curry comes in different varieties in Thailand, with the most common form being very rich because it contains coconut cream. Other yellow-colored varieties include the orange curry, gold curry, and the elephant curry. The gold curry is a spicier version of the yellow curry.
youtube.comImage: youtube.comSoy Sauce: used for dipping sushi and sashimi, soy sauce has a salty and sweet flavor that makes it ideal for topping off any roll. Wasabi: made from Kudzu, wasabi tastes slightly spicy like horseradish and mustard, and is used to add a kick to your sushi. What is the brown sauce on top of sushi?
What to do if your Dog Ate Spicy Food If your dog eats any form of spicy food, you should call the veterinary promptly. If your dog is acting strangely or experiencing any symptoms of poisoning such as weakness, lack of coordination, or severe diarrhea, you should seek veterinary help immediately.
Why does everything suddenly taste spicy? Common causes of dysgeusia include chemotherapy, asthma treatment with albuterol, and zinc deficiency. Liver disease, hypothyroidism, and rarely certain types of seizures can also lead to dysgeusia. Different drugs could also be responsible for altering taste and resulting in dysgeusia.
Pequin peppers are very small chili peppers that pack a punch of heat. The pods ripen to a vibrant red, and offer a spicy, nutty, smoky flavor. Pequin peppers, or chili pequin (sometimes spelled “piquin”), are tiny peppers that mature from green to a vibrant red color, and offer up some serious heat.
The noun spice can be countable or uncountable. In more general, commonly used, contexts, the plural form will also be spice (nonce word). However, in more specific contexts, the plural form can also be spices e.g. in reference to various types of spices or a collection of spices.
Girl Scout; Definitions include: a virgin. plarn; Definitions include: "yarn" made from plastic shopping bags. pin-cushion; Definitions include: Normally used as slang in describing the "near-felonious promiscuity" of a woman. As in where one could say that the tramp that gave him herpes, took more pricks daily than any seamstresses pin-cushion could in a week. Hence: "That bitch is such a Pin-cushion! I bet you …
Use Tellicherry peppercorns for the best results in a curry. Avoid yogurt and cream. This is heat addition by subtraction, so for some recipes that rely on cream this …
Spicy and Legendary are probably the 2 best reforges of swords, spicy being the better one. What is better spicy or Legendary? most of the time it would be spicy for more damage. but if you’re looking for intelligence or crit chance, legendary is better. Is end stone sword better than aspect of the end?
1. Add more ingredients to dilute the spiciness. The easiest way to tone down a dish that’s too spicy is to add more ingredients to lessen the proportion of the spicy element. If it’s a soup or stew, try adding more liquid. Add more vegetables, protein, or starches, too — whatever ingredient you have extra of. 2.
Hot is 0-10% tears, Medium is 11-25% tears, and Mild is 26-50% tears. Also Know, what is mild spicy? "mild chilli" means "not too spicy" (the "hot" one is very spicy) "mild weather" not too hot, and not cold, thus "cool, pleasant" "mild" can also mean "moderate" (a mild thunder storm), or "humble " when speaking of somebody's manner. | <urn:uuid:1d8404ff-0330-41c2-8a02-c3638f901cfd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://validsense.com/942620/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.926384 | 1,544 | 2.375 | 2 |
Startups can be tricky to manage, but there are some aspects of them that tend to be a little trickier to handle than others. If you are thinking about launching your own startup, here are some of the common financial mistakes you could make.
Too Much All at Once
A startup should be clean and simple, and should offer one or two clear solutions to a problem. What is never going to work is launching a variety of products or services and expecting a rush of interest in all of them. You are trying to do too much at once, and this will all cost a lot of money.
A much better and more measured approach is to launch a few services at a time. Growing slowly like this will allow you to gauge what consumers want from you in a far more natural manner. It can take a lot more time for you to grow the business this way, but it might be better overall for the health and lifespan of the company.
Trusting the Wrong People
You need to make sure that you are watching out for those who could mean you harm, and could be nice to you simply because you have assets they wish to acquire.
Unfortunately, not everyone in business has your back. You need to make sure that you are watching out for those who could mean you harm, and could be nice to you simply because you have assets they wish to acquire.
For example, you might find someone who claims to offer a quick way for you to make money from the stock market, only for this to go very wrong for you. You need to find a way to recover from stock market fraud, but you also need to ensure that you have protections in place so this can’t happen again. No matter whether they are a consultant, a staff member, or a business mentor, make sure you vet them properly before working with them.
A Vague Budget
Your budget is going to be a key part of the business, so you need to make sure that you have a concrete plan in place to track it. From profit to spending and everything in between, you need to ensure that everything is accounted for. What’s more, you need to make sure that all the small payments are included in your budgets. You don’t want to overspend accidentally because something was not included in your budget.
While you will have one over-arching budget, it is also good practice to have smaller sub-budgets too, as it will give you a more complete picture of your business. For example, you might assign a set amount as a marketing budget and then make further plans within this.
The above points are some of the most common financial mistakes a business can make. As an entrepreneur and a company director, you need to make sure that your business has everything it needs to flourish financially. Whether this is a fresh look at your budgets or a more measured approach to a new project, you need to ensure that everything is within your control. | <urn:uuid:51233d11-bbc2-41c7-9271-a3b15970e1a3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.laprogressive.com/sponsored/common-financial-mistakes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.977219 | 607 | 2.296875 | 2 |
You may remember the tragic case of James Younger from last year. James is a now-eight-year-old boy who lives in Texas. His mother, Anne Georgulas, who is a pediatrician, believes that James is “transgender.” That is, she believes that James “identifies” as a girl named Luna. According to Georgulas, James began to identify as Luna at the age of three, when he allegedly began to show a preference for Disney princesses and girls’ clothes.
James’ father, Jeff Younger, on the other hand, argues that James is clearly a boy, and that when James lives with him at his house (unsurprisingly, the parents are separated) he wears boys’ clothes and goes by the name James.
The struggle between the two parents made international headlines last year, with both parents arguing that they should have sole custody over the child. Despite initial appearances that the judge in the case might support the mother’s request for custody, the case came to an uneasy resolution when a judge ordered 50/50 custody.
On the one hand, this prevented Georgulas from moving forward with any plans to medically “transition” her child, using either hormones or surgery. On the other hand, it meant that James continued to be under the influence of his mother, who is clearly (for whatever reason) hellbent on “affirming” her son in a transgender identity that his father argues she was responsible for foisting on him in the first place.
This bizarre case, which could only exist in this unprecedentedly confused period of history, took a turn for the worse a few days ago. In a new decision, a different judge ruled that Georgulas would receive full custody of James. The judge’s order gives sweeping control over James’ life to Georgulas, allowing her to withhold information from his father, “regarding the children’s extracurricular activities, school functions, school enrollment, counseling, and medical care.”
However, thankfully there is one significant caveat. The judge ruled that Georgulas cannot make any medical decisions pertaining to “transitioning” James without his father’s permission. So, for the time being, James is safe from life-altering medical procedures. However, presumably his mother will continue to treat him as if he is a girl, which is something that in any sane period of history would be recognized as child abuse.
A Growing Pushback
And indeed, despite the huge inroads that the transgender ideologues have made into our culture and public institutions, there are some signs that sanity is reasserting itself in some places.
In Texas (the same state where James Younger lives), the Department of Family and Protective Services (DFPS) recently declared that surgeries that mutilate the genitals of children as part of a so-called “sex change” operation is child abuse.
“Genital mutilation of a child through reassignment surgery is child abuse, subject to all rules and procedures pertaining to child abuse,” DFPS commissioner Jaime Masters wrote in a letter to Republican Gov. Greg Abbott.
“As you have described, this surgical procedure physically alters a child’s genitalia for non-medical purposes potentially inflicting irreversible harm to children’s bodies,” he added. “Generally, children in the care and custody of a parent lack the legal capacity to consent to surgical treatments, making them more vulnerable.”
This is common sense. Everything we know about the sexual development of children indicates that periods of confusion are to be expected during the pre-pubescent and pubescent periods, when secondary sexual traits manifest themselves and hormones go wild. However, with proper parenting and (if necessary) psychological counseling, in the huge majority of cases gender dysphoria will resolve itself.
The idea of subjecting a child who is confused about his or her sex to permanent, life-altering surgeries is one that should appall any right-minded person. Indeed, it is profoundly ironic that at a time when Americans are fixated on the takeover of Afghanistan by the Taliban, who are known for promoting the genital mutilation of girls in the name of religious fundamentalism, there are so-called “woke” progressives in the West who are also advocating for genital mutilation, but in the name of a twisted notion of “freedom.”
Texas is showing how to proactively protect children from the tiny, but powerful, subset of extremists who have hijacked the public debate about sex and gender, and are browbeating us all into silence with accusations that opposing genital mutilation of children is somehow “hateful.”
Indeed, there is growing evidence that these gender extremists are going too far even for many who are otherwise allied with their worldview.
It isn’t particularly surprising that a state like Texas, with a strong socially conservative population base and a Republican government, would be pushing back against the transgender movement. What is perhaps more surprising (and encouraging!) is that this pushback is also happening in places that are known for being very “progressive.” For instance, take the new guidelines in Finland (hardly a bastion of conservatism), which strongly opposes most instances of the use of hormone blockers or surgical interventions for children.
“Cross-sex identification in childhood, even in extreme cases, generally disappears during puberty,” the guidelines note. They add, “The first-line treatment for gender dysphoria is psychosocial support and, as necessary, psychotherapy and treatment of possible comorbid psychiatric disorders.”
Hormone blockers, note the health authorities, come with significant physical risks, and side effects. “Potential risks of [hormone] therapy include disruption in bone mineralization and the as yet unknown effects on the central nervous system. …. The effect of pubertal suppression and cross-sex hormones on fertility is not yet known.”
Similar pushback against the transgender ideologues has happened recently in both the UK and Sweden. Again, both of these countries are renowned for their “progressive” values. Yet, it seems that some authorities in those countries are actually putting scientific evidence over the ideological pressures of the moment. They are raising the alarm over the rapidity with which extremists have hijacked the medical system, advocating for various procedures long before there is any scientific evidence that they help, rather than harm.
Don’t Be Afraid to Speak Up
The frustrating thing is that even as extremely left-wing jurisdictions in Europe are putting the brakes on the transgender insanity, here in America the pro-transgender movement is going into overdrive, painting any opposition to their movement as certain to cause vast harms to children with gender dysphoria.
Take this surreal piece in The Daily Beast. In it, a family with a “transgender” child comes out swinging against a variety of measures being put forward in Texas to protect children from the transgender ideologues. In it, the eight-year-old child Leon (a girl who is now living as a boy), responds to these proposed laws by suggesting that they might cause children like her to commit suicide.
“If these laws were passed before I came out as transgender, I probably would not love myself and might not be alive,” Leon told The Daily Beast. “Sometimes, when people don’t love themselves, they kill themselves.”
What I would like to know, is who put such horrific thoughts into Leon’s head in the first place? Most eight-year-old girls do not cavalierly speak about committing suicide, unless someone has introduced the idea to them. My fear is that someone is using this poor girl (and others like her) as a pawn, coaching her in one of the most callous and cynical propaganda tools of the pro-transgender left: i.e., the claim that any resistance whatsoever to any of their demands is going to cause transgender individuals to kill themselves.
This strategy is emotional blackmail designed to preclude the possibility of a calm and rational debate. And the fact that a child is being used in this way is reprehensible beyond words.
Meanwhile, the Biden administration – which has already mandated pro-transgender practices in public schools – has vowed to fight against bills designed to protect children from gender extremists. Many of these bills simply ensure that the integrity of sports will be protected, so that girls can be confident that they will not be forced to compete against boys with huge physical advantages. Others protect the privacy rights of both boys and girls, maintaining sex-segregated bathroom and changeroom facilities. Others, like Texas, ban genital mutilation or the use of hormone drugs on minors.
All of these measures are nothing more than basic common sense. Frankly, I believe that most people actually recognize this. My impression is even many social liberals are deeply uncomfortable with the direction the transgender movement has taken, but are afraid to speak up, knowing that the “woke” warriors have perfected the art of publicly pillorying naysayers.
However, we cannot be afraid to speak up, especially when the well-being of children depends upon it. The more people who confidently, unapologetically, and calmly draw attention to the emperor’s nakedness, the more others will gain the courage to also speak up.
Given the pushback happening in places like Sweden, Finland, and the UK, it is clear that the transgender movement is skating on thin ice. Much of their progress has only been made possible due to their knack for creating the impression of a consensus. But this façade is beginning to show cracks. Now is the time to keep up the pressure, letting the gender extremists know that we’ve caught them in their game, and we know what they’re about. | <urn:uuid:1630ef2f-d8ec-479c-b21a-facde975666c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hli.org/2021/08/pushing-back-against-transgenderism/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.962896 | 2,043 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Different types of aluminum alloys and their applications
Posted 9 days ago in Other.
According to the processing method, Alloy Aluminum sheet can be divided into two categories: deformed aluminum alloys and cast aluminum alloys.
Deformed aluminum alloys are further divided into non-heat treatable reinforced aluminum alloys and heat treatable reinforced aluminum alloys.
Cast aluminum alloys can be divided into aluminum-silicon alloys, aluminum-copper alloys, aluminum-magnesium alloys, aluminum-zinc alloys and aluminum-rare earth alloys according to their chemical composition.
There are nine series of deformed aluminum alloys:
The 1000 series is the series with the most aluminum of all the series. The purity can reach more than 99.0%. Its classics are 1050 aluminum plate and 1060 aluminum plate.
It is characterized by low price, good electrical conductivity and high corrosion resistance. It can be used in the manufacture of electrical appliances, chemical equipment, signs, etc.
2. 2000 Series
The 2000 series is known for its high hardness. The representative is 2024, 2A16, 2A02. The 2000 series belongs to aviation aluminum.
3. 3000 series
The 3000 series belongs to the aluminum-manganese alloy, which is a series with anti-rust function. Its representatives are 3003 aluminum plate and 3A21. It can be used to make water storage tanks, cookware and pipes, etc.
The 4000 series is a series with higher silicon content. Typically the silicon content is between 4.5% and 6.0%. It has good heat resistance and abrasion resistance. It can be used as building material, machine parts and welding material.
The 5000 series belongs to the commonly used 4x8 aluminum sheet series. The main element is magnesium, and the magnesium content is between 3-5%. The main features are low density, high tensile strength, high elongation and good fatigue strength, but cannot be heat treated. It is used to make fuel tanks, oil pipes, ship parts, etc.
The 6000 series contains mainly magnesium and silicon. It is a cold-treated forged product with high corrosion and oxidation resistance. Its representative is 6061 aluminum plate.
It can be used in various industrial structural parts that require high strength, weldability and corrosion resistance, such as trucks, buildings and ships. | <urn:uuid:4ca8b500-7f18-42ba-90a6-f877765a3117> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.eztkerested.hu/read-blog/9108_different-types-of-aluminum-alloys-and-their-applications.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.90896 | 511 | 2.765625 | 3 |
About this Event
Drug Addiction and Recovery: A Community Challenge (2018)
NJTV, in collaboration with the Cumberland County Department of Human Services Division of Mental Health & Addiction Services and City of Vineland Health Department, presented a panel discussion about the complexities of addiction, impact of substance abuse on families, options for treatment and challenges for those in recovery. Join us for a candid conversation about what causes addiction; coping with trauma among families struggling with substance abuse, treatment options and recovery programs, the drug-court system, and how drugs could be hiding in plain sight at home and more.
WHAT: Panel discussion with public Q&A and informational tables from substance abuse prevention and treatment providers.
–Dr. Chris Johnston, Chief Medical Officer, Pinnacle Treatment
–Melissa J. Niles LPC, LCADC, Cumberland County Director of Human Services, Mental Health Administrator & Director of Alcohol and Substance Abuse Service
–John Brogan, Chief Recovery Specialist and Founder, Lifeline Recovery Support Services
–Nicholas J. Kolen, Assistant Special Agent in Charge with the Drug Enforcement Administration – New Jersey Division
–Individuals treated for substance use disorder
WHO SHOULD ATTEND OR WATCH? Parents, grandparents, professionals, students, school personnel, employers and those who would like to recognize, deter and prevent substance abuse from a family member or loved one are encouraged to attend. | <urn:uuid:9a7dfe93-6b1e-4e34-8731-3c75e44174e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.njtvonline.org/addiction/event/njtv-forum-drug-addiction-and-recovery-a-community-challenge/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.898262 | 282 | 1.875 | 2 |
Exactly How to Prepare Poultry Thigh Recipes
Whether you’re looking for a fast and also simple dinner or you wish to impress your supper visitors, chicken upper leg dishes are a wonderful option. They can be made with whatever side recipe you such as. For a special dish, you can combine them with asparagus, olives, tomatoes, or perhaps a salad! You can make use of any kind of type of food preparation technique to cook your hen upper legs and also the included taste of lemon and also garlic powder will bring out the most effective in the meat. A metal cooling shelf or aluminum foil will prevent your upper legs from adhering to your pan. Classic poultry thigh dishes include coq au vin, Oriental flavors, and slow-cooking techniques. These dishes teem with flavor and also are best for the hectic kitchen area. You can use these flavors to improve the preference of your prepared chicken upper legs. Try food preparation them in white wine as well as aromatic veggies, after that snuggle them in the sauce. Once they’re done, you can include garlic and fresh natural herbs to the recipe to make it extra scrumptious. To prepare your hen upper leg recipes, you should pat them completely dry. If your thighs are also wet, they won’t scorch. Next off, dice garlic as well as chop parsley. Preparing ingredients in advance will make the cooking process much easier and also much faster. As soon as you have your active ingredients all set, you can start preparing your dishes. To spice up your meal, add some fresh herbs prior to you begin. These natural herbs will certainly provide your dishes an exotic panache and also are great for enjoyable. When you prepare to prepare poultry upper leg recipes, you should pat completely dry the upper legs with paper towels. If they’re as well moist, they won’t burn. Afterwards, you must cut garlic and also parsley. Once you’ve prepared all these components, you prepare to begin food preparation. You can additionally make a sandwich with the meat as buns or include them to soups or sauces. There are many different means to cook hen upper legs. You can choose a traditional coq au vin or a slow-cooking recipe as well as attempt a mix of Asian and also Western tastes. For a charming dish, you can attempt the Indian Butter Chicken dish. It’s easy to prepare and also needs couple of active ingredients. If you’re in a hurry, you can utilize a pan with an oven-safe handle. Hen thigh recipes are delicious and also can be iced up. They can be saved in the fridge freezer for up to three months. After they have actually been cooked, they can be reheated under the griddle for a more delicious dinner. When you’re ready to offer your baked hen thighs, you can prepare a side recipe. You can offer the leftovers along with a salad. | <urn:uuid:3268cd65-ab08-41a2-9ab6-dfacc5e9746c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://podemosnavalcarnero.info/2022/04/12/getting-creative-with-advice-4/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.955025 | 609 | 1.71875 | 2 |
The Achievement of Hans Urs von Balthasar
An Introduction to His Trilogy
In this introductory volume, the focus is on the first volume of each part of the trilogy. This approach exhibits the main lines of von Balthasar's trilogy in a way that allows for an introductory volume of manageable size. This approach also avoids the more controversial volumes of the trilogy. Reading von Balthasar with the goal of engaging his more controversial views is certainly justifiable, but in an introductory book, the danger is that some readers could miss the forest due to their opposition to some of the trees.
The Achievement of Hans Urs von Balthasar contributes to the healing of the internecine conflicts that, since the 1930s or earlier, have pitted Ressourcement theologians and Thomistic theologians against each other with grave consequences for the health of Catholic theology. Despite sharing a strong belief in the faithful mediation of divine revelation through Scripture and the Church, many Catholic theologians today find themselves at loggerheads with each other. Easily forgotten by the Ressourcement and Thomistic combatants is their shared commitment to the theo-aesthetic beauty, theo-dramatic goodness, and theo-logical truth of Christ's revelation of Trinitarian self-surrendering love as our source and supernatural goal, and their shared rejection of philosophical modernity's immanentism, historicism, and power-centered voluntarism. The present book seeks to highlight these shared commitments, while leaving room for disagreement about von Balthasar's specific positions and approaches.
About the Authors
"Levering's book is characteristically lucid and generous in its presentation of Balthasar's robust Catholic theological response to certain major philosophers of modernity. This indeed is one of Balthasar's greatest achievements, and I am glad to have such a wonderful treatment from the skillful mind of Matthew Levering. In a secularized intellectual milieu where the postmodern legacies of Kant, Hegel, and Nietzsche remain dominant, Levering's careful study of Balthasar offers Catholic scholars a great gift. Levering's reading of Balthasar models a renewed and expanded style of Thomistic theology in which the goal is not only to retrieve Aquinas's teachings but also to imitate Aquinas's critical engagements with the philosophical currents of his day. Levering enlists Balthasar in this enterprise and does so with clarity and grace."—Andrew Prevot, Boston College
"Levering has provided us with a profound appreciation of Hans Urs von Balthasar's theology written by a Thomist fellow traveler, a vision of Balthasar's trilogy marked by both warranted irenicism and critical verve. His constructive proposal for the future of Catholic theology is both significant and promising."—Thomas Joseph White, OP, author of The Light of Christ: An Introduction to Catholicism
Other Titles by Matthew Levering
Other Titles from Studies In Early Christianity
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A command-line interface (CLI) is a text-based user interface (UI) used to run programs, manage computer files and interact with the computer. Command-line interfaces are also called command-line user interfaces, console user interfaces and character user interfaces.
What are examples of command line tools?
Our 5 Favorite Command Line Tools
- HTTPie. The first on my list is a tool called HTTPie. …
- Icdiff. …
- Pandoc. …
- Moreutils. …
What is command line used for?
Which is a widely used command line tool?
What are Microsoft command line tools?
- On this page.
- PowerShell (shell)
- PSReadLine (console editing helpers)
- ConEmu (console host)
- Chocolatey (package manager)
- Babun (Cygwin preconfigured)
- Further Reading.
How do I get Windows command prompt?
- Click Start.
- In the Search or Run line, type cmd (short for command), and press Enter .
What language does Command Prompt use?
What is the language that was used to write command-prompt or cmd.exe in Windows? It’s probably C or C++, but why do you want to know? What are you going to do with the answer? They use almost entirely C, C++, and C# for Windows.
What does P mean in command line?
-p created both, hello and goodbye. This means that the command will create all the directories necessaries to fulfill your request, not returning any error in case that directory exists.
What is ‘- M in Python?
The -m stands for module-name in Python. The module-name should be a valid module name in Python. The -m flag in Python searches the sys. path for the named module and executes its contents as the __main__ module.
How do I install command line tools in Windows?
- On the developer portal, open the “DOWNLOAD” panel.
- Download the command line tool ZIP file.
- Extract the downloaded ZIP file and open the directory in your terminal. …
- Install the modules required to run the tool.
How do I open the shell command in Windows 10?
The quickest way to open a Command Prompt window is through the Power User Menu, which you can access by right-clicking the Windows icon in the bottom-left corner of your screen, or with the keyboard shortcut Windows Key + X. It’ll appear in the menu twice: Command Prompt and Command Prompt (Admin).
How do you use command line arguments in Java?
In the command line, the arguments passed from the console can be received in the java program and they can be used as input. The users can pass the arguments during the execution bypassing the command-line arguments inside the main() method. We need to pass the arguments as space-separated values.
How do I open terminal on Windows 7?
Open Command Prompt in Windows 7
Click the Windows Start Button. In the search box type cmd. In the search results, Right-Click on cmd and select Run as administrator (Figure 2). This will open the Command Prompt window (Figure 3).
How do I find a file in Linux terminal?
You can use the find command with -name option followed by the file name that you want to search. You can use the following option if you want to search for a specific file type: f – regular file. d – directory.
What coding language should I learn?
Python. Python is always recommended if you’re looking for an easy and even fun programming language to learn first. Rather than having to jump into strict syntax rules, Python reads like English and is simple to understand for someone who’s new to programming.
What is Linux terminal language?
Shell Scripting is the language of the linux terminal. Shell scripts are sometimes referred to as “shebang” which is derived from the “#!” notation. Shell scripts are executed by interpreters present in the linux kernel. Interpreters include: bash, csh, zsh e.t.c. Most popular of which is bash.
What does * * mean in cmd?
In this case, we used the * wildcard to mean “all files in the current directory“. This command prints the line containing the given string, and if there’s more than one file in the list, the name of the file where it was found.
How do I change the mode in Linux?
To change file and directory permissions, use the command chmod (change mode). The owner of a file can change the permissions for user ( u ), group ( g ), or others ( o ) by adding ( + ) or subtracting ( – ) the read, write, and execute permissions.
How do Python modules work?
In Python, Modules are simply files with the “. py” extension containing Python code that can be imported inside another Python Program. In simple terms, we can consider a module to be the same as a code library or a file that contains a set of functions that you want to include in your application.
How do I run a Python command line?
To run Python scripts with the python command, you need to open a command-line and type in the word python , or python3 if you have both versions, followed by the path to your script, just like this: $ python3 hello.py Hello World!
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There was a time when chiefs played an important role in preventing divorces in order to protect the family and clan. See Eagle Down is our Law. (Yes ask the Office, they profess to stand by Eagle Down is our Law) Also take note that the book Eagle Down is our Law was submitted into evidence to the Supreme Court of Canada in Delgamuukw v British Columbia,
In 1986 Chief Woos conferred with Chief Dzee, and the agreed that they should have a feast for a couple in their fifties who had separated. They have been apart for a week. This will get them back together. It will cost them more to take a name, about $5000.00 each Chief Woos told Chief Haminskit (Cecil Alfred) on 7 April 1986. Under the threat of having to put on an expensive feast to pay for having separated, the couple had reconciliation and moved back together. Page 138 Eagle Down is our Law.
Oh my my my times have changed since then, here we have two deadbeat dads who can avoid child support by staying away from traditional jobs. Warner just disposed of a relationship with Freda, so where is the moral compass of the Hereditary Chiefs today? Adam will your wife and kids be joining you out at Parrot Lake? When was the last time you gave your kids a hug?
You are the ones telling the world about Wet’suwet’en law, does it apply to you also or only industry that does not share your DNA. You talk about forest fires, who do you expect to put out those fires if they come anywhere near your camps? Just being out these increases the chances of forest fires.
They you bitch and whine about the RCMP who are doing their job, making sure they keep track of who goes in and out of there, keeping drivers sober, one of your own (Freda and yourself Warner) that got into a severe car accident, and she is still suing the estate of the deceased victim for compensation. If not for the RCMP would she even be alive today?
Oh my, money is so much thicker than water, and so much more powerful than the ethics we hear you preach. If not for the RCMP what would stop more deaths by way of curtailing reckless drivers on those roads. Until you hoodlums went out there, there was not enough traffic to warrant continued police presence.
Good lord police are acting as private mercenaries, did you even go to school? Do you know what a mercenary is?
The chiefs and elders you speak about so passionately were told that they want to put LNG lines in and later they will pump oil though them, so based on lies they did the right thing, they made the right choice, but it’s also why today First Nations are removing this dumbed down mentality and are choosing to provide LNG to help the world get off coal. They would be rolling over in their graves at how Warner is trying to steal the Sun House title and property.
Then the video begs for money for the very fuel, the same oil they are trying to block, and are condemning. All that heavy equipment (parked Wet’suwet’en logging equipment) that you want to bring in will destroy this pristine park. Not to mention how illegal it is to put these machines in a designated park.
Here the pair of you parrot a lot about how we must save the planet for our children, but you must mean other peoples children right, because we’re not seeing much actions that say the same about your own kids. Will the Hereditary Chiefs bring you back together under the threat of an expensive feast, or will they confirm you have popcorn box chief titles, that have no morals other than to parrot the cause of the environment in order to get free labor, material, and funds.
Funny about this science station, why not make it a space station, being as all you’re backers are science fiction at this point anyways. Imagine watching from across the lake, the silhouette of rockets launching into outer space, it so much more exciting. Can you imagine why such a massive research center would be out there contaminating a public park in the first place? Right now Parrot Lake is pristine, and you want to put a stamp of DEAD END on it.
Then we have the issue of OWLS House raiding the property and titles of the Sun House, stealing a title does not grant you property rights, nor does it grant Adam rights to stolen property. You really plan to take over, and destroy this pristine location by putting up a camp; why not put it on Owl House property instead? If you need a place to hide from Family Maintenance Enforcement Program, why on property that is not yours? So you can blockade them if they try serve you?
Warner you said “we inherited the responsibility’ yes for the Owl house, have you not checked your genealogy? Your comment that it was the elders and matriarchs of the Sun house is a flat out, and outrageous lie. That meeting never occurred, I challenge you to prove it did, name the date and location of that feast, you know you cannot, because it did not happen, you are a lair caught with words in your mouth that you cannot support.
I have said it before and will say it again; do we need to eagle feather you to understand this property does not belong to the Owl House? Stop pretending to be a chief, start doing, acting, behaving according to Wet’suwet’en laws, as opposed to using Wet’suwet’en blankets to GoFundMe when the only place they should ever be used is in a feast hall.
You are using it to prance all over Canada, like some folklore legend? To load your GofundMe account?
Adam I was blown away by your speech on how logging is turning the region into a baron wasteland, do you have an identical twin that is also doing that? You know the one who sued his own people, no that’s not a typo here, sued his own people, the logging company created by the Office of Wet’suwet’en called “WET’SUWET’EN ENTERPRISES LTD”
Your identical twin was an avid logger by the sounds of it. I will share with you the story of how he sued his own people, you’re so right, loggers are such evil people, turning beautiful forests into your words “They have taken all of the saleable timber out there, and all that is left is like a moonscape.”
Could that have anything to do with Canfor cutting back, and putting your identical twin out of work? Are you part of this year’s massive layoff by Canfor? All major forest companies in B.C. cut production
OK as promised, the dirt on your evil twin. Here is a link to the court case; can you imagine doing this to your own people? https://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/jdb-txt/sc/05/16/2005bcsc1645.htm
I will post some of the highlights, and proof even I could not make up stuff like this. Before you read this play that part about logging and its effects again, it will connect you so much more closely to the story below. Forgive the duh moment at the start, must have been the weeds?
The plaintiff, Mr. Gagnon, resides in Moricetown, British Columbia. A lifelong resident of the area, he is a Wing Chief of the Fireweed Clan of the Wet’suwet’en Nation. He is also an experienced carpenter, road builder, and logger. Mr. Gagnon was Acting General Manager of the defendant, Wet’suwet’en Enterprises Ltd (“WEL”) for the year 2000, and is a past president of WEL’s board of directors.
The defendant, WEL, is a company owned beneficially by the Wet’suwet’en First Nation. Its board members are appointed by the hereditary chiefs of the five Wet’suwet’en clans. WEL’s mandate is to facilitate economic development for the Wet’suwet’en by among other things, pursuing resource-sharing opportunities. For instance, WEL was empowered to contract with forest product companies such as Houston Forest Products Ltd. (“HFP”) for the harvest and sale to HFP of logs cut from Wet’suwet’en lands.
In 2002, WEL negotiated the sale of 15,000 cubic meters of such logs to HFP with the intention to subcontract most of the various tasks required to deliver the finished logs to HFP (falling, bucking, loading, and transport). The season during which this was to be completed was set from August 1, 2002, to June 30, 2003. The areas to be logged were identified, the rate that HFP was to pay was specified, and a written agreement between WEL and HFP was completed on October 21, 2002.
Leading negotiations for WEL was Andre Roy, Acting General Manager of WEL at that time.
In 2001, Mr. Gagnon had also worked as an employee for WEL, supervising logging operations and renting his excavator for the loading process.
In 2002, Mr. Roy offered Mr. Gagnon one of two subcontracts under the 2002 HFP head contract. Mr. Gagnon was to take care of all the bucking and loading of logs for HFP. The terms of his subcontract were more or less settled orally between Mr. Roy and Mr. Gagnon in August 2002 when Mr. Gagnon actually commenced work on the subcontract.
Mr. Gagnon testified that as a condition of entering into that agreement, because he had to make major commitments to secure the equipment, he insisted on a longer term than one year. He says that Mr. Roy agreed to a three-year contract at rates to be calculated in line with the negotiated head contract between WEL and HFP or other forest product companies for those years.
According to Mr. Gagnon, between August 2002 and about February 2003, he learned from Mr. Roy that there was some dissention amongst the Gitdumden, one of the five Wet’suwet’en clans, over the fact that the logging for HFP was concentrated all or mostly around Nadina Mountain, on land traditionally owned by the Gitdumden. The Gitdumden chiefs wanted the subcontracts to be awarded to members of their clan. Mr. Gagnon was from a different clan.
Mr. Roy disagreed in principle and he was concerned that there could be interference with his plans for the 2002/2003 logging season. He also knew that he would be leaving the job of Acting General Manager by the following June. Therefore, he sought to put in writing his arrangements with Mr. Gagnon. This, at any rate, is what Mr. Gagnon says Mr. Roy told him.
According to Mr. Gagnon, in about early 2003, Mr. Roy gave him a letter. It was undated, and it provided as follows:
On behalf of Wet’suwet’en Enterprises Ltd., I am awarding you the loading and bucking contract for this winters [sic] logging operations with Canfor and HFP (2002-2003). This contract would be worth an estimated minimum of $112,500.00 (15,000 cubic meters @ $7.50 per cubic meter).
Also, depending on future logging opportunities, I am offering you the first right of refusal for the loading and bucking contracts for the winters of 2003-2004 and 2004-2005. The estimated costs of the second and third year contracts could be in excess of $210,000.00 (30,000 cubic meters @ $7.00 per cubic meter). Rates are subject to change depending on logging rates.
I look forward to working with you and your buckerman this fall and winter.
The letter was not worded to reflect their earlier agreement, said Mr. Gagnon. Mr. Roy told him the reason for this was to protect WEL in the event that it could not get head contracts for one or both of the following two years. Mr. Roy did not want WEL to guarantee any subcontract. Therefore, Mr. Roy came up with the idea of two consecutive rights of first refusal. Mr. Gagnon said that he accepted that, and they proceeded accordingly.
Mr. Roy acknowledged sending the letter, but he testified that it was sent on November 4, 2002, as he was able to verify for himself by checking the hard drive on his laptop computer. Mr. Roy also acknowledged that the letter, at least with respect to the 2002/2003 season, was confirmation of an oral agreement made earlier with Mr. Gagnon.
Very emphatically, however, Mr. Roy maintained that the only reason for the letter was to support Mr. Gagnon in a loan application to the Burns Lake Native Development Corporation. He testified that the right of first refusal was only intended to be operative if Mr. Gagnon obtained the loan and purchased a new Komatsu excavator/loader. Mr. Roy said that because the loan application was not accepted, and Mr. Gagnon did not buy the loader, those rights of first refusal lapsed. Mr. Roy had no further discussion with Mr. Gagnon about their agreement before he left his position as Acting General Manager and moved away from the area.
Meanwhile, on or about November 14, 2002, the Wet’suwet’en chiefs met with the WEL board members to discuss various matters including concerns regarding board members having conflicts of interest. This led to the plaintiff tendering his resignation as an officer and director of WEL on November 29, 2002. It is worth mentioning at this point that the defendant does not plead conflict of interest as grounds for avoiding the subcontract, and nothing in this case turns on the fact that Mr. Gagnon was in a position of conflict of interest when he entered into the subcontract with WEL.
At any rate, Mr. Gagnon got on with the work for the 2002/2003 season, but suffered major equipment breakdowns in the process. He came to WEL for financing to pay for the repairs and WEL acceded. In a letter dated January 9, 2003, and signed by both Mr. Gagnon and Mr. Roy, Mr. Gagnon agreed to repay the loan by permitting 30% deductions of Mr. Gagnon’s remaining subcontract payments. If the loan was not paid in full at the end of the season, Mr. Gagnon agreed that his excavator would become the property of WEL.
However, Mr. Gagnon continued to suffer equipment breakdowns, and by mid-January 2003, Mr. Roy was becoming impatient. In a letter dated January 13, 2003, Mr. Roy pointed out that Mr. Gagnon’s excavator had been shut down for approximately five working days. He instructed Mr. Gagnon either to get another loader on the job or he (Mr. Roy) would be forced to contract out the loading to another contractor. On February 2, 2003, Mr. Roy wrote again to record that WEL had paid for additional equipment repairs by way of loans to Mr. Gagnon, which now totalled over $27,000.00. He confirmed the earlier agreement to deduct 30% of Mr. Gagnon’s contract payments, and he stipulated that 100% of Mr. Gagnon’s road-building income would also be deducted to repay the loans. He reminded Mr. Gagnon that approximately 9,000 cubic metres of logs remained to be delivered of the 15,000 cubic metres that WEL had contracted to deliver to HFP.
Mr. Gagnon completed the 2002/2003 season having loaded 12,000 cubic metres of the 15,000 cubic metres under contract. About $13,000 of his debt for repairs remained outstanding. As Mr. Roy later confirmed to him in a letter dated February 17, 2004, that balance was cancelled in exchange for WEL taking ownership of Mr. Gagnon’s 668 skidder as a replacement for the excavator.
In another letter of March 4, 2004, addressed “To whom this may concern” Mr. Roy stated, among other things:
Adam Gagnon asked me to write a letter of support for him regarding his dealings with Wet’suwet’en Enterprises Ltd. When I was Acting General Manager, I wrote Adam a letter during year 1 of a contract offering him years two and three of a loading sub-contract, based on availability. The main reason for this letter was that he wanted to purchase a new Excavator/Loader as his older Excavator broke down. In return, WEL would employ him as a sub-contract loader for the next two seasons, obviously based on availability. Well, Adam decided not to purchase the new Excavator/Loader and instead fix up his link belt that broke down.
The key part to the letter was to offer him years two and three with no guarantee that the work would be there ─ logging is so up and down, prices of wood varies so much and the industry at the present time is so unpredicatable [sic]. The reason for this is that HFP could have pulled the contract out from under WEL for poor performance at any time and we all would have been out of a logging contract. There were also some other opportunities coming down the pipe that WEL could have used Adam’s loader also. We had a very good 2002/2003 logging season, despite Adam’s breakdowns and dealing with Lyle Buchholz’s Issues, but in the end after getting machines repaired, WEL ended up owning two used Clark 668C skidders (one was parked at Adam’s and the other at IKPP in Houston) that worked very well and were ready for the 2003/2004 season.
The letter goes on to comment upon matters of dispute amongst individuals involved with WEL and the hereditary chiefs. In the final paragraph Mr. Roy said:
In closing, I hope WEL will consider Adam Gagnon for future loading sub-contracts as Adam has the history, dedication, and reliability that WEL should be associated with. Adam was offered work in the future by me, and by default, they can only be offered based on availability ─ especially in the world of FN’s politics and in a very volatile Forest Industry. To re-iterate, the main intent of the letter I gave Adam concerning offering years two and three of the loading contract was to create some consistency within the logging operations. Under no circumstances should that letter lead to any litigation towards WEL, as the intentions of that letter, with regards to the present volatile Forest Industry, were never to “guarantee” anything to anybody but a future offering of work if it was there and feasible to undertake it.
When Mr. Roy left the company on June 25, 2003, Mr. Herb Naziel took over as Acting General Manager for the time being. It is evident from the correspondence that by June 2003 there were already discussions taking place with a view to giving the 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 HFP logging subcontracts (if any) to others more closely associated with the Gitdumden Clan. Coincidentally, it appears that Mr. Roy did not leave the WEL office with a copy of his letter of November 4, 2002, or any other record of his commitment to Mr. Gagnon. This, he said, was because he thought the rights of first refusal commitment had expired since Mr. Gagnon had not purchased the agreed equipment. The upshot, unfortunately, was that no one else at WEL was made aware that these rights of first refusal were offered in the first place.
Mr. Gagnon testified that he was not informed that anyone else had been considered for the subcontract until mid-August 2003 when he went to the WEL office and spoke with Mr. Naziel, who told him that his subcontract had been given to someone else.
According to Mr. Gagnon, he spoke with Mr. Cameron Stevens in September 2003. Mr. Stevens worked for WEL, and became General Manager on September 29, 2003, replacing Mr. Naziel. Mr. Gagnon informed Mr. Stevens of his rights of first refusal and later showed him a copy of Mr. Roy’s letter of November 4, 2002.
On February 14, 2004, Mr. Stevens wrote to Mr. Gagnon on behalf of WEL to apologize for his delay in not responding to Mr. Gagnon’s concerns, and to summarize information that he had obtained about the situation.
He advised that Mr. Naziel, as Acting General Manager, had hired a logging crew for the HFP logging operations at the commencement of harvesting. He said:
To my knowledge, Herb approach [sic] you about the tentative start date for harvesting and you refused to return to work due to carpentry contracts and your refusal to work under Mike Shepard as logging foreman as mention [sic] by yourself on January 5, 2004.
I contacted Andre Roy the Acting General Manager at the time, about the letter offering Adam Gagnon contract services for bucking and loading. Andre Roy made it very clear, the intent of the letter was to secure a line of credit from Burns Lake Native Development Corp. to purchase a loader. Andre expressed you were very clear on the intent of the letter and you knew the letter was not intended to be a multi-year contract between WEL and Adam Gagnon. There is 15,000 m3 quota from HFP to harvest timber around the Nadina Mountain area; however, there is no written agreement between HFP and WEL that states WEL has a multi-year contract to harvest 15,000 m3.
Mr. Cameron went on to remind Mr. Gagnon that he had agreed to transfer to WEL ownership of the 668 skidder, but that the formal documentation had not been processed, and he asked Mr. Gagnon to contact him about that. He confirmed that WEL was not in a position to compensate Mr. Gagnon for his alleged rights to the loading and bucking subcontracts.
Mr. Gagnon also testified that after he heard about the subcontracts being given to another party (i.e. Mr. Shepard), he declined the invitation from Mr. Naziel to take on any subcontracts. He wanted the subcontract that he had been promised in the letter of November 4, 2002, and if that were not offered, he did not with to perform bits of sub-subcontract work. He intended to continue with other opportunities for work that he had.
Mr. Naziel testified that he made several requests of Mr. Gagnon to join in the harvesting for the 2003/2004 year, implying that he had offered the HFP bucking and loading subcontracts to him. He said that Mr. Gagnon claimed to be too busy with other work he was doing, and would not respond.
When it was put to Mr. Naziel that these dealings with Mr. Gagnon took place after WEL had already subcontracted the bucking and loading work to another party, his answer was “no, only the work for 2003.” On further questioning, he maintained that he asked Mr. Gagnon to come back to work before any subcontract was given to third parties. Mr. Naziel was frank in saying, however, that he had difficulty recollecting dates.
Mr. Gagnon denied that he was ever offered the bucking and loading subcontract for 2003/2004 or 2004/2005.
The result, in any event, was that Mr. Gagnon did not obtain any of the subcontract work for 2003/2004 or 2004/2005. In fact, WEL did enter into head contracts with HFP for the harvest of 15,000 cubic metres of logs in both of those seasons, and subcontracts were awarded accordingly, but not to Mr. Gagnon. Mr. Gagnon claims that he has lost profits that he would have earned on those subcontracts.
I am satisfied on the whole of the evidence that by November 4, 2002, Mr. Gagnon and WEL had established a subcontract for the bucking and loading portion of the HFP head contract for the 2002/2003 season. That subcontract was partly written, in the first paragraph of the letter of November 4, 2002, and partly oral. The consideration to Mr. Gagnon was to be based on the rates stipulated in the schedule to the head contract, but subject to a few particular oral understandings. From Mr. Gagnon’s testimony, I heard evidence or drew inferences that these understandings included the following:
(1) Despite volatility in the market year by year, the harvesting tasks would be roughly the same, and the rate paid for bucking and loading would remain proportionately the same in relation to the sale price for each cubic metre of logs under the future head contracts.
(2) $0.50 of the rate for the 2002/2003 subcontract was for other supervisory services, and was not part of what was offered in the rights of first refusal.
(3) A 15% or reasonable administrative fee was to be paid to WEL out of payments on the subcontract.
There is no evidence of any dispute as to the terms of the subcontract for the 2002/2003 season, and I find that Mr. Gagnon performed his obligations satisfactorily in accordance with the subcontract. Mr. Roy confirmed in his correspondence and his testimony that this was so despite Mr. Gagnon’s equipment breakdowns; his loans from WEL, which he did not wholly repay and had to settle by agreeing to transfer ownership of his skidder to WEL; and the fact that only 12,000 of the agreed volume of 15,000 cubic metres of logs was delivered.
It is also unchallenged that Mr. Roy had the authority to enter into a conditional commitment for future subcontracts, and that he purported to do so, on behalf of WEL.
Mr. Gagnon described each right of first refusal as an obligation to offer a subcontract to him in each of the second and third years before offering it to anybody else. Mr. Roy testified in a similar vein. This indicates that the rights of first refusal were mis-described. What were actually intended, and what Mr. Gagnon actually understood to have been offered, were two consecutive options. There would be no prior offer to or from another potential subcontractor. WEL would simply present what was determined as the subcontract rate based on the head contract rate. In each of the second and third years, Mr. Gagnon would have an option to take the subcontract at that rate. This will make a difference in the calculation of losses, but does not significantly affect WEL’s liability.
It seems that neither party stipulated the time within which Mr. Gagnon could exercise the options. In these circumstances, one would expect Mr. Gagnon to be reasonably prompt, and I find that the parties mutually understood that the options would have to be exercised within a reasonable time prior to the commencement of each logging season. In my view, this is sufficient to answer any suggestion of uncertainty on the point.
Although it was not pleaded by the defendants, the question arises whether the rates for the future subcontracts were ascertainable or whether they would have to be negotiated based simply on market conditions at the time. It is fair to say that the rates to be charged to the forest companies for the delivery and sale of the logs in the second and third years were not ascertainable in November 2002 as there were no existing head contracts for either of those years.
That does not matter, of course, because under the agreement, the options were operative only if and when those head contracts came into being with clear or ascertainable terms of their own. The proviso that the rates would be subject to change depending on logging rates did not diminish the certainty of terms. The subcontract rates would be ascertainable when each head contract was signed because they would be set according to Mr. Gagnon’s proportionate share of the total head contract work. The rates negotiated for the head contract might vary from year to year, but Mr. Gagnon would know what his rate would be by applying the ratio for bucking and loading.
The defendant argued that the proviso “depending on future logging opportunities” was vague and raised so many considerations that it gave WEL discretion to refuse to offer future subcontracts to Mr. Gagnon. I am satisfied that “depending on future logging opportunities” refers to future logging contracts on Wet’suwet’en lands between WEL and HFP or other forestry companies, and that both Mr. Roy and Mr. Gagnon understood the proviso in that way. In the statement of defence, the defendant offered no other explanation.
The courts have traditionally sought to uphold contracts that have been freely entered into, and to interpret them in a large and fair sense so as to give effect to the manifest intention of the parties at the time of contracting. Lomac Holdings Ltd. v. Prijatelj (1982), 38 B.C.L.R. 238, B.C.J. No. 1700 (QL) at para. 9 (S.C.). The court ought to make every effort to find meaning in the words of an agreement and so save a contract that was freely entered into from being void. Fred Walls & Son Holdings Ltd. v. Ford Motor Company of Canada Ltd. , B.C.J. No. 1519 (QL), 1998 Carswell BC 1491 at paras. 32-33 (S.C.). In Marquest Industries Ltd. v. Willows Poultry Farms Ltd. (1968), 1 D.L.R. (3d) 513, 66 W.W.R. 477 at 483 (B.C.C.A.), our Court of Appeal has said:
If a clause clearly has meaning with respect to the broad situation it is intended to cover and to the circumstances present, it should not be considered void for uncertainty because its meaning and application in some other circumstances cannot be ascertained.
In my view, what was agreed upon was sufficient to provide for an offer capable of acceptance on ascertainable terms in each of the second and third years.
The evidence is clear that although Mr. Roy did not guarantee Mr. Gagnon a subcontract for 2003/2004 and 2004/2005, he did agree that if WEL signed a head contract with a forestry company in those years, Mr. Gagnon would have the corresponding bucking and loading subcontract on terms similar to the subcontract for 2002/2003 but proportionate to the head contract rates, unless Mr. Gagnon chose not to exercise his option.
The defendant pleaded that its expressed intention was only to enter into the second and third year contracts subject to “conditions in the industry”, “opportunities available to the defendant”, and “the plaintiff having the necessary equipment”, with terms to be negotiated. The defendant adduced no evidence to show that the parties agreed to such conditions orally or in writing, and I find that these conditions did not exist except insofar as they conform to the express written terms of Mr. Roy’s November 4, 2002, letter.
Mr. Buri, for the plaintiff, objected to Mr. Roy’s testimony that the rights of first refusal were to be offered only if Mr. Gagnon obtained his loan and purchased new equipment. Mr. Buri argued that no such condition was ever pleaded by the defendant, and therefore that evidence should be ruled inadmissible.
Mr. Buri was correct; however, I exercised my discretion to consider Mr. Roy’s evidence on this point. Mr. Buri was not entirely taken by surprise by the testimony. It was consistent with what Mr. Roy had apparently told Mr. Stevens, and with what Mr. Stevens recorded in his letter to Mr. Gagnon of February 17, 2004.
In any event, I do not accept that Mr. Roy, in sending the letter of November 4, 2002, or in any other way when he made the agreement with Mr. Gagnon, communicated to Mr. Gagnon that the offer of options or rights of first refusal was subject to Mr. Gagnon obtaining the loan and purchasing the equipment. I asked Mr. Roy when he testified whether he expressly told Mr. Gagnon that the agreement was subject to that condition. His answer, repeatedly, was that that was the message he intended to convey. Mr. Roy is well educated, experienced, and articulate. If he had intended to impose such a condition, in my judgment, he would have put it in clear, express terms in his letter. Mr. Roy’s letter “To whom this may concern” of March 4, 2004, fortifies my view that he did not impose this condition. In that letter, Mr. Roy sought to explain the future rights granted to Mr. Gagnon, but he did not make clear that the rights were granted subject to this alleged condition.
The evidence shows that Mr. Roy was motivated for another reason to provide the letter of November 4, 2002. Mr. Roy was exasperated at the time with the Wet’suwet’en hereditary chiefs for not supporting his vision of how WEL should operate; that is, independently without favour to individual clans and on a businesslike footing. Clearly, Mr. Roy was concerned that the ongoing services of Mr. Gagnon, with which he was satisfied, might be prejudiced, and he wanted to ensure that this did not happen. He issued the letter of November 4, 2002, to secure the long-term commitment of Mr. Gagnon, which he considered important to his goals for WEL. No doubt the letter was also written to support Mr. Gagnon in adding to his equipment. It was in WEL’s interest that Mr. Gagnon do so. However, I do not find that it was a condition of Mr. Gagnon’s options for subcontracts with WEL for the second and third years.
It appears, on the other hand, that by June 2003, Mr. Roy was not moved to make sure that his successors knew of Mr. Gagnon’s rights. It could be that he simply neglected to tell them. It could be that he believed that Mr. Gagnon had decided not to exercise his rights in view of the Gitdumden opposition, other problems that he had, and problems that he might expect to have because he was without adequate equipment. It could be that Mr. Roy was reluctant to disclose the agreement with Mr. Gagnon at a time when Mr. Roy was negotiating for his own severance remuneration from WEL. The fact that Mr. Roy kept the agreement secret does not move me to alter my view that the options were valid and binding on WEL.
The defendant denies that the head contract with HFP was renewed for 2003/2004. Rather, the defendant says it was awarded only part of the sales volume for which it had bid. The fact is that for the 2003/2004 season, HFP awarded the defendant a head contract for the delivery of another 15,000 cubic metres. It is no defence to the claim that WEL bid for more.
The fact that the plaintiff refused to do sub-subcontract work in 2003 for the 2003/2004 season does not prove that Mr. Gagnon declined to exercise his option for that year.
The proper construction of the two options is that Mr. Gagnon was to have a subcontract for the bucking and loading work directly from WEL under WEL’s head contract with HFP. The options did not contemplate bits of work that might come to Mr. Gagnon through sub-subcontracts. I find that Mr. Gagnon did not turn down any subcontract under the 2003/2004 or 2004/2005 head contracts before the subcontracts were granted to someone else. I accept Mr. Gagnon’s testimony that no one approached him with an offer for his acceptance or rejection in 2003. Rather, he was told by Mr. Naziel that the subcontract had been given to someone else. It is evident from the correspondence of Mr. Roy that discussions were going on with a third party or third parties when he left WEL in June 2003, and that there was persistent pressure from the Gitdumden to replace Mr. Gagnon.
The only evidence to the contrary was Mr. Naziel’s recollection that he had approached Mr. Gagnon before WEL granted the subcontract to someone else. However, Mr. Naziel’s recollection seemed to me to be too unclear for me to rely on it. On January 15, 2004, Mr. Naziel wrote a letter “To Whom It May Concern” indicating his impression that Mr. Gagnon had conceded to the chiefs that he would have nothing more to do with the HFP contract. Mr. Naziel spoke of trying to get Mr. Gagnon to help him get started with the logging again, but it is uncertain whether he meant the bucking and loading subcontract or other work. He said toward the end of this letter:
At this time, I would like to extent [sic] my apologies to Adam Gagnon. This communication was not very clear. I did my best to keep the crews moving. I am sorry for any confusion that I may have caused to you and other clan members. I, Herb Naziel, ask for forgiveness.
I find that WEL contracted with persons other than Mr. Gagnon for the bucking and loading work under the HFP head contracts for 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 without offering the option or right of first refusal to Mr. Gagnon to take up that work. This was a breach of WEL’s agreement with Mr. Gagnon, and for that WEL is liable to him in damages.
The plaintiff claims the profits he would have earned had he been given the contracts for the second and third years as agreed.
Mr. Buri, for the plaintiff, calculates that the total loss, net of appropriate deductions, was $207,000 if the rights granted Mr. Gagnon were options. If they were rights of first refusal, Mr. Buri calculates that the total loss for two years was $231,000. I have found that the rights granted were options, and I would calculate the loss accordingly.
I accept Mr. Buri’s method of using the 2002/2003 season as a starting point for determining the rate that Mr. Gagnon would have been paid in future seasons. I do not accept Mr. Buri’s use of the actual 2002/2003 rate of $7.50 per cubic metre. This is because part of that rate (50¢) was to compensate Mr. Gagnon for supervision of logging, which was not part of the bucking and loading tasks for which the subcontract was intended.
The evidence was that the head contract rate for the second year was $23.00 per cubic metre. I agree with Mr. Buri that as the defence did not disclose the head contract rates for the third year, although asked to do so, the total head contract rate for that year should be presumed to be the same as for the second year: $23.00 per cubic metre. There was no other evidence to the contrary.
Finally, I would not estimate the volume of logs delivered in those years at the full 30,000 cubic metres under contract. I agree with the defendant that there should be some contingency for the possibility that Mr. Gagnon would not have delivered that many, even though that number was actually delivered in both of those years. In the 2002/2003 season, Mr. Gagnon delivered only 12,000 of the 15,000 cubic metres under contract. I find that Mr. Gagnon was largely responsible for that shortfall due to his equipment breakdowns. However, his equipment had been repaired recently. Also, I accept Mr. Gagnon’s testimony that the areas to be logged in 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 were easier to log. Therefore, I would not make a major deduction. I would reduce the total expected volume of logs by 1,000 cubic metres per year.
The defendant suggested that a considerably greater discount should be established for the expectation that the contract might terminate in either or both years due to the plaintiff’s further equipment deficiencies or other inability to complete the subcontracts. I have not accepted that submission as it is not supported by the evidence. I have accounted for the possibility of somewhat reduced performance, and I do not believe that the evidence warrants any further reduction in that regard.
The gross income for 2003/2004 can be calculated by multiplying the portion of the head contract relating to bucking and loading by the total price that HFP paid for the logs in each of the second and third years. In the first year, Mr. Gagnon was paid $7.00 per cubic metre for bucking and logging (after deducting the 50¢ fee for supervision). WEL was paid $25.00 per cubic metre for the logs. The bucking and loading portion was therefore 28% of the total head contract. In 2003/2004, WEL was paid $23.00 per cubic metre. Assuming the same rate for 2004/2005, and assuming that the total volume delivered in those years would have been 28,000 cubic metres, Mr. Gagnon’s gross income in those years would have been $180,320 (23 x 28,000 x 28%).
The plaintiff’s evidence was that his expenses on the 2002/2003 subcontract were approximately $45,000; however, he did not provide a breakdown to demonstrate what expenses were included in this figure. The plaintiff estimated that his expenses for 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 would have been approximately $40,000 per year. Again, he provided very little evidence in support of this figure. I agree with the defendant that there should be an increase in the plaintiff’s estimate of his projected expenses for years two and three. I would increase the plaintiff’s estimate to $47,500 per year, for a total of $95,000.
Finally, having heard the evidence regarding Mr. Gagnon’s total actual income for the 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 seasons, I find on balance that he could have earned more. Mr. Gagnon admitted that he was not careful in recording all of his income and expenses. He admitted being invited to discuss with the new subcontractor the possibility of performing some of the work under that contract. How much of that work he could have handled in addition to the work he was doing elsewhere, and how much he might have earned for it, was not specified in the evidence. However, by his own testimony, Mr. Gagnon was very experienced in carpentry and road building as well as logging. It seems to me that some opportunities would have been available for someone of his abilities. I would add $10,000 to Mr. Gagnon’s earnings of $35,000, for a total income of $45,000 over two years.
Taking the foregoing into account, the net loss to the plaintiff would be $40,320, and I so find.
The plaintiff will have his costs at Scale 3.
Thanks for having taken the time to visit and read our articles. I had my say, feel free to post your thoughts as well, be part of making a difference. | <urn:uuid:b4b549be-d5ad-441c-9920-ebec6529bf44> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jlsreport.com/2019/04/26/fake-chiefs-and-deadbeat-dads/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.982664 | 9,377 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Force11 offer a set of guiding principles to make data FAIR: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Re-usable.
Force 11 is a community of scholars, librarians, archivists, publishers and research funders that has arisen organically to help facilitate the change toward improved knowledge creation and sharing.
Sound, reproducible scholarship rests upon a foundation of robust, accessible data.
For this to be so in practice as well as theory, data must be accorded due importance in the practice of scholarship and in the enduring scholarly record. In other words, data should be considered legitimate, citable products of research. Data citation, like the citation of other evidence and sources, is good research practice and is part of the scholarly ecosystem supporting data reuse.
What is data citation?
Data citation refers to the practice of providing a reference to data in the same way as researchers routinely provide a bibliographic reference to outputs such as journal articles, reports and conference papers. Citing data is increasingly being recognised as one of the key practices leading to recognition of data as a primary research output. This is important because:
Assigning a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) to data facilitates data citation and is considered best practice.
A DOI is a type of persistent identifier that indicates a dataset will be well managed and accessible for long term use. It is now routine practice for publishers to assign DOIs to journal articles and for authors to include them in article citations.
(Australian National Data Service website at http://ands.org.au/cite-data/index.html Accessed February 13, 2015)
Western Sydney University has joined the ANDS Cite My Data Service, which allows Australian research organisations to mint DOIs for datasets and collections so they can be included in data citations. The ANDS Cite My Data service functionality is built upon external DOI services offered through ANDS' membership with DataCite.
Example of data citation with DOI:
Mahajan, Yatin; Davis, Christopher; Kim, Jeesun (2014): Effect of auditory selective attention of brain responses. University of Western Sydney. http://doi.org/10.4225/35/4EDCB6ED64B36
Please contact email@example.com for further information on obtaining a DOI for research data.
To allow the discovery of research datasets that share a common researcher or research group, a common public identifier is needed for referencing. There are a number of different ways to manage your researcher identity; one that is growing in use is the Open Researcher Contributor ID (ORCID). ORCID is an open, non-profit, community-based initiative to create and maintain a registry of unique researcher identifiers and a transparent method of linking research activities and outputs to these identifiers.
© Western Sydney University, unless otherwise attributed.
Library guide created by Western Sydney University Library staff is licenced under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY) | <urn:uuid:f56ca655-87f0-4f41-b505-6fc265d41eef> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://subjectguides.library.westernsydney.edu.au/rdm/citation | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.888044 | 618 | 2.875 | 3 |
The following figures were reported for the 2021 fiscal year:
- Across all countries, both retail divisions reduced their use of plastic in private label packaging by 18 percent, thus bringing them even closer to achieving their REset Plastic target of reducing plastic by 20 percent by 2025. In Germany, they have already surpassed this target: Kaufland Germany was able to cut its use of plastic by 26 percent, and Lidl in Germany by 22 percent.
- The Schwarz Group also aims to use an average of 25 percent recycled materials in Lidl and Kaufland’s private label packaging out of plastic by 2025. Currently, all countries are using an average of 14 percent recycled materials. Kaufland Germany is already making its private label packaging out of 29 percent and Lidl in Germany out of 23 percent recycled material. The Schwarz Group was able to achieve this by using 100 percent recycled materials in the disposable PET bottles produced by Schwarz Produktion (except for the caps and labels).
- In all 32 countries where Lidl and Kaufland are represented, the Schwarz Group has currently achieved maximum recyclability for 50 percent of its private label packaging, corresponding to half of its set target. At Lidl in Germany, the company has already reached 58 percent and at Kaufland Germany 42 percent maximum recyclability for its private label packaging.
The retailer is building on its previous success and continuously developing sustainable measures to help achieve its targets. Aside from reducing its use of plastic, the company will now focus its future actions on using recycled materials and increasing recyclability. | <urn:uuid:670ba8d7-281c-443d-9d2b-28faeb7f82c5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.petnology.com/online/news-detail/schwarz-group-reports-major-progress-toward-achieving-its-reset-plastic-targets | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.960957 | 323 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Secrets, secrets are no fun; that is, of course, unless you are one of the 26 members of the Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC). Earlier this week, the Senate began debating the 2017 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), the colossal $602 billion defense authorization bill shaping issues as divisive as the closing of Guantanamo, the Iran nuclear deal, and US-Cuba relations. Once again, SASC has usurped the democratic process by holding the markup of the bill behind closed doors.
At a time when Congress’s approval ratings remain below 20 percent and Americans feel their government accomplishes nothing, it is confounding that SASC would withhold discussion of a bill that authorizes more than half of the federal government’s discretionary spending. Open markups provide, not only the ability to ensure proper accountability, but also the opportunity to demonstrate the consideration and deliberation required when drafting such a massive bill.
SASC subcommittee chairs are able to hold their individual markups in open or closed sessions; however, discussion of the bill markups occurs in closed executive sessions. SASC members, when justifying the need for the closed sessions, argue that the burden of shifting between open and classified sessions is too cumbersome. In addition to the evident disregard this argument demonstrates towards taxpayers, the argument about inconvenience seems exaggerated in light of the fact that the Committee has successfully held partially open sessions in the past.
When reviewing the FY 2014 NDAA, SASC held an open and televised session to discuss Senator Kirsten Gillibrand’s amendments addressing rampant military sexual assault. The open and vigorous debate of prosecution authority in military sexual assault cases led to at least one Senator reassessing his position. So if the Senate has experienced how open markups can lead to a richer substantive debate, why is it so eager to disappear beneath a veil of secrecy?
What is more, according to POGO sources, SASC staff argues that the transparency of the markup meetings is irrelevant as amendments and debate become public when the bill is brought to the loor. Yet, when the bill is finally considered, the remainder of the Senate has scarcely had enough time to discuss key amendments, let alone dissect the behemoth bill in full. Holding confidential markup meetings is simply precluding robust debate and adequate transparency.
The bill was originally scheduled for Floor time before the Memorial Day recess, but Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid (D-NV) forced the bill’s supporters to file a cloture petition on a motion for the bill to proceed, which delayed a vote until this week. Senator John McCain (R-AZ), who chairs SASC, criticized Reid for “shameful” partisan obstructionism, to which Senator Reid retorted that the Senate needed time to read through the 1,600 page bill.
In a statement released thereafter, Senator Reid explained, “Chairman McCain may have read and understood every line in it. He has a better chance that most since he conducted the markup behind closed doors and in secret sessions. But few outside the committee probably know what’s in this monstrous bill—this big, big bill.” Let us not forget though, that secret secrets hurt someone—in this case, the taxpayers. As Senator Reid and others have stressed, without appropriate time to analyze the NDAA, there is no time to check the superfluous provisions that lie therein.
Despite SASC’s continued opposition to holding transparent markup sessions, the Project On Government Oversight is encouraged by the decision of Senators Kelly Ayotte (R-NH), Joni Ernst (R-IA), Mike Lee (R-UT), Ted Cruz (R-TX), Claire McCaskill (D-MO), Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH), Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY), Richard Blumenthal (D-CT), Tim Kaine (D-VA), and Martin Heinrich (D-NM) to vote in favor of open hearings. In 2011, Senator McCaskill, who has led the initiative for greater transparency in the markup process, held the first open deliberation in 15 years. Although minor actions have been taken by Committee members since then, greater action is still needed to ensure that the integrity of the democratic process is preserved.
POGO continues to hold that all broad policy amendments that do not affect classified information should be considered in open sessions so the public can provide proper oversight. | <urn:uuid:ae2bd229-2dbd-455e-baf0-8cb2d995e8d8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pogo.org/analysis/2016/06/ndaa-markups-continue-under-veil-of-secrecy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.943517 | 895 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Welcome to the first Gamedesign feature here on ModDB! This time I want to give you an insight about how we developed our storyline for openOutcast and what the needed steps are to turn a written storyline into a game. And there is one thing I can tell you about it right away – It’s NOT just about copy & paste...
We started to create our backstory for openOutcast some months ago. We already had a baseline from the last few years but this was rather unorganized and chaotic in many ways, so what did we do? We launched a so called story contest, built two groups and told those groups to develop a new story for openOutcast. Either from scratch or based on the old baseline. The only restrictions were:
- Cutter has to be the player character
- Take in some of the old and well-known characters from OC1
- Also take in some of the old regions and give them a new look
The rest was completely freestyle. The two teams started their work in May and worked through the whole June and in the end of June we had our final story decision meeting. The two proposals were REALLY different in the end, which was great. One was completely freestyle and new and the other one was mostly based on the old baseline but evolved and detailed it in a really cool level. I am not going to tell you which one was winning
Alright, so as we had the story decided, we had that huge almost 40-paged-text-monster of storyline with character descriptions, location descriptions and with – of course – the main storyline divided up into 4 acts. Now what to do with that? Just copy & paste it into a list and derive a few quests from it? Na, not really…
First of all we needed to get an overview about WHAT happens WHEN and WHO is doing that. The best way to do this, was to split up the storyline into the smallest pieces possible. We took each important action of the storyline, categorized it (Is it a cutscene, is it an action of Cutter, is it an information, is it an action that is happening without Cutter’s notice etc.) and put it together into first raw main quest lines.
To show you how this worked, please see the example below.
First, the written part of the storyline:
So far not useable as a storyboard for a questline, right? It’s only text and you don’t know what exactly is useable and what is just information for the player. So we needed to split it up a bit more and categorize the elements. This brought us to the following kind of list (which we created with the application XMind by the way):
This is now perfectly useable because here you see the quest itself (the red board), the actions that are happening (the clocks) and the conversations (the two-people-symbols). This helps a lot to get an overview on how many quests there are, how many game-actions are in there and how many conversations we need to write.
In the end, this was done for all of the four acts that we have in the openOutcast storyline. In total, there are over 550 different nodes for the whole story. Quests, conversations, actions and fights…this sounds like a whole lot of stuff to do, right? It certainly is, but it gets even more interesting when you take into account, that we aren’t on the highest possible level of detail!
To give you an example: One of the above listed conversations probably consists out of 10 lines of text and 5 different camera views. Maybe this quest above needs 20 lines of script logic and needs two more conversations to be done. And after such a conversation is written up and developed in text form, it needs to be prepared for localization and converted into “real” ingame dialogues. For this purpose, we are using a specifically created dialogue editor where we write and setup the dialogue scripts useable by our own dialogue script system. Stuff like “start/end quests”, “if-then-logic”, “cameramodes”, etc. | <urn:uuid:eb3e0e2e-a334-4b6c-a72e-7dcc38abf979> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.moddb.com/features/from-story-to-game | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.973105 | 868 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Medicine in Specialist Schools
MiSS seeks to give a voice to school leaders in specialist provision, who want to ensure that their pupils receive high quality health and medical support while they are in school.
Children with complex needs deserve the highest quality health and medical services to be provided in their schools, so that they feel safe and can learn well.
MiSS Platform - March 2020
The last decade has seen the emergence of a sudden increase in demand for clinical medical services to be provided in specialist schools.
Local commissioning responses have been ad hoc and resulted in a divergent national picture. This has included unilateral withdrawal of nursing services from specialist schools across England. As a result, children have been put at risk, and on occasions harmed.
Fundamental misunderstandings of national policy, underlie the decision-making of
commissioners, these include:
- a. ‘delegation of nursing tasks' from registered medical professionals to support workers is often believed to be mandatory for schools;
- the Designated Schools Grant operates as a 'bank of last resort' under the School Funding Regs (Schedule 2, Part 5, Para 39) and must fund "special medical services" if the local CCG or NHS Trust does not make alternative arrangements;
- the 2013 transfer of Public Health Duty to LAs saw 'school nursing' move into local authority control, and many CCG commissioners did not know there was another parallel service providing clinical nursing services in specialist schools.
There are policy 'fixes' that can be identified:
- NHS England to create a national metric to categorise and quantify the objective clinical need across the specialist school estate;
- NHS England to provide clarity around the responsibility of NHS employers to secure partnership agreements with providers of specialist schools when registered nurses delegate medical tasks to support workers in specialist schools;
- DfE to issue supplemental guidance for Directors of Children's Services and governing bodies that extends the 2015 circular 'Supporting Children at School with Medical Conditions' with a specific statutory guidance document to describe "providing clinical services in partnership with NHS providers";
- DfE to review the annually published School Funding Regs and Operational Guidance document suite, to clarify the meaning of “Therapies”;
- the remits of Ofsted and CQC to be reviewed to clarify which agency leads the accountability for clinical services provided in specialist schools.
This is an issue the national SEND Review could get hold of, and actually improve quickly, as it does not rely on additional financial resources to be moved forward, just great clarity of thought, and a modest amount of inter-departmental resolution.
The Medicine in Specialist Schools steering group is led by eight specialist school headteachers who lead networks in each of the DfE regions, chaired by Special Schools Voice, who seek to fairly reflect the views of thousands of parents, staff and governors, in hundreds of specialist schools and settings.
The MiSS steering group seeks to move the policy dialogue forward at local, regional and national level, and to work in partnership with all agencies in order to secure the best outcomes for the most vulnerable children. We believe in excellent inclusive education. | <urn:uuid:36cb37f0-c46a-4442-9589-51e05ac4b0c6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.miss-shanidar.org.uk/about-us/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.954425 | 657 | 1.882813 | 2 |
|Pegine Echevarria, MSW|
However, when I went online to define the word “adventure” I found the following definitions:
* A wild and exciting undertaking
* Take a risk in the hope of a favourable outcome.
* LibraryQuest.com describes the genre of adventure stories as: “The adventure story is one that has to have something happen. There has to be action and conflict within this type of story.”
Yes, my life and being in business can definitely be described as an adventure, not a journey.
Being in business and living fully is a wild and exciting undertaking. For instance, hunting for business is as exciting and exasperating as being on a safari hunt (photo or otherwise). Sometimes you hit pay dirt, sometimes you don’t. Or, try figuring out what to have for dinner for five individualistic humans who can’t even agree on which pizza restaurant to order from. It is like being among hostile tribes. Talk about adventure!
Every day that I wake up I’m taking a risk in the hope of a favourable outcome. If I didn’t think that today is the day I would have a favourable outcome I would not take any action steps. If you don’t act as if today is the day for a favourable outcome, if you don’t have hope that something good will happen, then you have not noticed the favourable outcomes in your life. Those things that you receive every day, the blessings and gifts are part of the adventure.
I know it sounds mushy and gushy, but the truth is that when you live each day as though your life is an adventure the disappointments become part of that adventure, part of the thrill, rather than a condemnation of your life. You know that if you take the risk of taking action, something favourable can happen. Yes, bad things may happen in your life. However if you don’t take the risk nothing can happen, bad or GOOD. The saying goes “You have got to be in it to win it!”
We all live adventure stories, we each have action and conflict in our lives. We are human and sometimes our will, and our desire to have it our way, creates conflict in our lives. I know that I have lived with the stress and anxiety of economic downturns and upswings. I’ve lived through the melodramatic tragedies of my life that include alcoholism, drug addiction, violence, life threatening illnesses, and financial challenges. I’ve also lived through the successes and extraordinary miracles in my life, from babies being born, to awards received, to speaking on stages across the country impacting millions of lives.
We are not plodding people going from one place to another. We are adventurers, living life and dealing in business as it comes, taking the risk and hoping for a favourable outcome. How you choose to interact with your adventure is your choice.
Are you in a rut? Are you getting stressed out from the holidays? Is the end of year craziness getting you? Maybe you are ready to close the books on 2004 – even though you have less than a month to go.
I must admit that I have been known to go into a tailspin during this time of year. I review the numbers for the year. I balance my actual numbers against my goals for the year. Sometimes they are better sometimes they are not. More often there are some areas of great improvement and others areas, well let us just say there were challenges.
Over years of study and self-growth I’ve learned that – it doesn’t matter. It doesn’t matter what I did yesterday, what I sold, what I logged, who I spoke to. It doesn’t matter who I will speak to next week or next year. It doesn’t matter about the plans I have made. Some of them will work out and some of them will not. What does matter is right now.
Right now really is the only thing I can control. I can write you now or crawl into bed. I can smile that I am doing something I love or I can focus on what I have not been doing, or could be doing. I have been to both places. I have spent countless hours competing against other salespeople, being competitive against others – the only things that truly counts in the long run is what I did – not compared to anyone else – just me today.
I could THINK of doing lots of things and dream of doing lots of things, but it really is what I AM DOING NOW that counts.
My holiday wish for you is that you take this day only and live it as though this is the only day that counts. That what you DO today will be your legacy for today.
How will you lead your staff, TODAY? What will you tell them? How will you make a difference to them?
How will you communicate with your boss? What act of courage will you DO today? What have you seen, heard that will help the company or boss? How can you serve them today?
How will you impact your family? Not with toys, gifts or things but with YOU? What will you DO today? Will you sit with your teen in their room and just listen – not scold, or yell or give orders? Will you hold your middle school student and smile, maybe play ball with them when you get home? Will you call or write your mom, grandma or aunt and offer Holiday Greetings? With some of my relatives it is better for me to write than call. That’s okay.
Make your life an adventure. It is anyway. You can go screaming or you can go with joy. The second is better.
1- Know the type of person you want to be during your adventure. Do you want to be grumpy or positive? Do you want to be serene or frantic? Clearly write how you want to be during your adventure. Then keep it in your wallet as a reminder. Be who you want to be.
2- Have your survival kit ready.
a. Paper and pen for journaling during the rough times and good times.
b. Time during the day to just contemplate and focus on the blessings and good things in your life today.
c. Books that make you think positive thoughts and seek positive self-growth.
d. Friends and loved ones who care about you. If you tend to isolate, part of your adventure to get out of yourself and reach out to others and serve them.
e. Work that serves others. Every job in this world is made to serve others. If you have lost how your work serves others then move on or figure out how to make it serve others.
f. Strengthen the five areas of your life – Physical, Emotional, Spiritual, Intellectual and Fiscal.
3- Decide that you will be a participant in your adventure. Choose the route, choose the partners and choose everything that you have. If you do not like what you chose make changes and choose again.
Magazines describe Pegine as one of the top motivational success and leadership experts with business and team building experience! Her teambuilding and motivational programs are experiential, fun and filled with content. Companies use her to motivate people, develop strong leaders & teams, and increase productivity. For more success, leadership and team building information visit her website at www.pegine.com. | <urn:uuid:8e64a0cc-8861-49b9-aaf4-8500d6da7943> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.breadnmolasses.com/2004/12/18/business-and-life-are-adventures/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.968496 | 1,548 | 1.984375 | 2 |
Santiago, Chile - (AFP) The figures represent the world's "most pronounced" regional decline, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) said in a report released at its headquarters in the Chilean capital Santiago.
"The drop for 2020 will be between 45 percent and 55 percent. In the context that global FDI is going to fall by 40 percent, we are falling more that the world, that's what matters," ECLAC Executive Secretary Alicia Barcena told reporters in Santiago.
"The fall is very big and important, and not only because of the pandemic, which plays a role without . . . | <urn:uuid:4f7b8007-2360-43d1-9f89-2ef59cd8aa9f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/mercosur/latam-foreign-direct-investment-to-fall-by-up-to-55-un/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.950589 | 134 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Official Website of the New York City Department of Parks & Recreation
Location: Floyd Bennett Field
69 Floyd Bennett Field, Brooklyn
Meeting Location: Floyd Bennett Field - Ecology Village Campsite
Description: Help care for native plants for the Founder Seed Program with the Greenbelt Native Plant Center! The Founder Seed Program aims to grow native seed, sourced from local populations, for restoration projects across the city. Activities may include planting, weeding, general fieldwork, and harvesting at Floyd Bennett Field. Tools will be provided. No prior knowledge about native plants or farming is required. Come dressed in sturdy boots or shoes, long pants, and clothing that can get dirty. Space is limited and registration is required. Volunteers under 18 must be accompanied by an adult. Please note: This location is difficult to access by public transportation.
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The Upper Dolpo trek “The Caravan trek” 24 days is an extension of the lower Dolpo trek. It takes you to the plateau with the wild, windswept, open spaces characteristic of Tibet. Since 1984 this region is under National Park, making it Nepal’s largest National Park. This is the only one encompassing a Trans-Himalayan ecosystem. The National Park Status has helped preserve not only the culture but also the wildlife. It also helps to preserve the children of the Himalayas.
Upper Dolpo trek offers the best scenery on the north-westernmost side of Nepal. The centerpiece of the park is the biggest lake in Nepal. We offer the following itinerary for Upper Dolpo Rara Lake Trekking.
Dolpo is one of the highest inhabited plateaus in the world. It is an area of roughly 2100 square miles in Nepal’s northwestern frontier with Tibet. It encompasses 30 villages and monasteries, at altitudes above eleven thousand. Dolpo is in Nepal but, its people, religion, and culture are Tibetan Buddhists descended. Nomadic tribes of Tibet settled in this area around the tenth century.
In fact, people living in certain pockets of the region practice Bon Po. It is an animistic religion that pre-dates Buddhism with belief. it is actually the precursor to Tibetan Buddhism as we know it. The lower Dolpo is home to the endangered musk deer. On your trekking trail, you might have your encounter with this endangered species. You can also see a great variety of birds that resides in this district. Most of the wild animals are rear to get out in front of humans on this terrain. Blue sheep, the Himalayan black bear, snow leopard, and the Himalayan wolf are also found in Dolpo.
Upon arrival meet and assist by Parikrama Treks representative. Transfer to hotel for rest. On the way, one can enjoy the view of the UNESCO world heritage site Pashupatinath Temple.
Today you will visit some of the best UNESCO heritage of Kathmandu. We will visit Kathmandu Durbar Square, Pashupatinath, and Bauddhanath. In the meantime, the Parikrama Treks team will complete all the necessary paper works.
Today we take a flight to Nepalgunj for our next flight to Jhupal tomorrow. Nepalgunj lies in the southwestern part of Nepal a steaming hot city.
Today we take a 35 minutes flight to Jhupal from Nepalgunj. We can also see the beautiful snow-capped mountains in a distance from our flight. Juphal is a small mountain village from where we start our trek to Dolpo.
Today we start with a descend to the Thuli Bheri River and crossing a big suspension bridge. From here we will make an entrance to Shey Phoksando National Park (SPNP). It is Nepal’s largest National Park with an area of 3,555km/sq. It is comprising the Trans Himalayan easy stem and the Tibetan type of floras and faunas. On the trail, we can enjoy Dhauligiri Range and walk past pine tree line spruce. At the end of the day, we will reach Cheep Ka, a small village surrounded by millet and wheat field.
Today we have to pass through a beautiful forest, following a river. We have to ascend sometimes and descend sometimes. On the way, we can see the local people with their mules as Dzopas (cross bread of Yak and Cow).
Today we have to climb for about 2hrs before reaching the top. On the trail, we will also see Nepal’s highest waterfall, a spectacular waterfall of 107m high. It is also known as the Phoksundo waterfall or sunlight waterfall. Then we will descend from the top to get Ringmo village a small charming village. people practice it.
Today we get a day of rest for our body to get used to the higher elevation. We can visit some nearby villages inhabited by Bon and Buddhist religion. Later we mesmerize the beauty of Phoksundi Lake.
From today we will have an entry inside Upper Dolpo with our permits checked. First, we descend and later ascend through a wide valley. It leads to the spectacular view of Kanjirowa Himal (66612m). Later we walk an alpine area with junipers called Thaneba or Lakeside camp.
Today we trek through high rock walls on both sides and crossing a couple of streams. We will enter a narrow gorge where will set our camp. We can continue the trek but there is the possibility of an altitude sickness problem.
Today's trek is a long and strenuous climb to cross Kang La (5350m), also called Ngadra La. Once on top, we descend through a pass covered with snow which is very steep. later we will reach Shey Gompa, a very small village with a couple of houses and the Gompa. It is an 11th-century gompa.
Today we take this day for rest and explore around Tsakang Gompa. Tsakang had been a meditation center of many famous lamas from Tibet. Shey Gompa belongs to the Chaiba community. They are followers of the Padmasambhava and Kagyu sects. In Dolpo, the ancient Tibetan way of life combines animism with the teachings of Buddha. Drutup Yeshe introduced Buddhism in the Dolpo valley.
Today we start by crossing the Glen Pass which is also known as Sheyla Pass. From here we can see the beautiful view of the northern part of the Tibet plateau. It is the highest plateau in the world. After through pass, we have to descend to the pastures of Namgung.
Today we ascend to 4700m before going down steep slopes to Saldang village. It lies on a plateau high above the Nam Khong Nala and the biggest villages of the lower Dolpo area.
Today we pass through through fields, Stupas, Chortens mani, and a Chaiba monastery. Namdo, the next village contains sixty houses having nearly four hundred inhabitants.
We will follow the line of the river valley and the trail is easy going. After two hours, we cross another stream from where the rise becomes very sharp.
To reach Tokyo Gaon we have to cross the Jeng La pass which is about 4850m. It will take about 2 hrs to climb to reach the top of Jeng La. Form the top of the peak we can have good views of Dhaulagiri and descend towards Tarap valley. Later we walk through the green valley which leads us by a beautiful trail down to Tarap Chu.
Today we will walk east along the downward lower of Tarap Chu. The trail is easy as it is well-traveled. There are many mani walls, we can see but some of the Chhortens are in a bad situation. The “French School” is outside the village of Dho Tarap.
Today's trail follows the course of the Tarap Khola, generally downhill. You go through narrow gorges with the river rushing through. If you are lucky you may encounter wild animals including blue sheep, marmots. Later meet people from Dolpo taking their flocks of sheep and goats to lower pastures for the winter.
Today we reach Khanigoan by the new suspension bridge and then walk alongside the river. The trail is quite demanding till we reach Tarakot. Tarakot is an old fortress town known by the local people as Dzong, meaning 'fort'. Before the Gorkha dynasty, Tarakot was the capital and had a dzong. The also has a famous Sandul gompa.
Today we walk beside the Bheri River you use the ingenious path built twenty feet above the river. All too soon you have reached the village of Dunai and the campsite you used before.
You now retrace your steps to Juphal.
Today we take a flight back to Kathmandu. First, we take a flight to Nepalgunj and take a connecting flight to Kathmandu.
Today is a spare day to catch a flight if we miss it a day before. We can use this day to rest and relax at your hotel. ONce can also go for a sightseeing tour around Kathmandu valley.
Our representative will drop you for your next flight to another adventure.
Here’s a complete rundown of what to bring if you’re planning a camping or tea-house trek in Nepal. Proper preparation and equipment for the conditions will go a long way to ensuring you have a great trekking experience. What follows is a pretty comprehensive list and will make sure you are covered in the coldest months of the year. If you have questions on what you might need just ask us and keep in mind that Kathmandu is a great place to buy trekking gear at affordable prices.
IMPORTANT DOCUMENTS AND ITEMS
ON THE TRAIL DAYPACK
CLOTHING: BASE, MIDDLE AND OUTER LAYERS
FOOTWEAR: SHOES AND SOCKS
DUFFEL BAGS AND DAY PACKS
FIRST AID KIT AND TOILETRIES
Inquire Now to get the best deals or share with friends to plan together. All trips are group based. For custom trips, contact us.
|Trip Name||Price||Departure Date||Trip Status|
|UPPER DOLPO SHEY GOMPA TREK||25 Days
2022-10-03 / 2022-10-27
|UPPER DOLPO SHEY GOMPA TREK||25 Days
2022-11-02 / 2022-11-26
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Reopening New York City: Metropolitan Museum of Art
Reopening the Metropolitan Museum of Art was a big step for New York City, and they earned it earlier than many expected. The public is welcome, starting today, September 30th. But we brought back some pictures from an early members opening. Have a look.
The moment’s not lost on the Met as it features an expansive exhibit of paintings by Jacob Lawrence. Lawrence was an African-American artist whose paintings explore painful experiences in the South that drove northward migration.
The roots in today’s America are plain and raw.
An encouragingly long line kept us from seeing it this trip and sharing pictures, but we won’t miss adding it in the future.
There was an addition to the modern galleries that struck a contemporary chord.
Scenes from Reopening the Metropolitan Museum of Art
My choices are subjective, and these are simply favorites recorded while walking through the galleries. The museum’s too huge for a single gulp, but rest assured, all you favorites await your visit.
More sculpture woven into the Metropolitan Museum’s pattern of Art… | <urn:uuid:f3846ab1-ab56-45ec-9047-6cd63b0208b6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rooseveltislanddaily.news/2020/08/30/reopening-new-york-city-metropolitan-museum-of-art/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.95235 | 235 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Do you enjoy going into hypnosis? Do you love that relaxation with mixed with tingly ASMR trance? Now this blissful feeling will never ends. Enjoy this relaxing session with the highly talented Hypnotist Maggie.
you too can learn hypnosis
Certified Hypnotherapist training in Boston, class starting soon
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In psychology, relaxation is the emotional state of low tension, in which there is an absence of arousal that could come from sources such as anger, anxiety, or fear. Relaxation is a form of mild ecstasy coming from the frontal lobe of the brain in which the backward cortex sends signals to the frontal cortex via a mild sedative.
A relaxation technique (also known as relaxation training) is any method, process, procedure, or activity that helps a person to relax; to attain a state of increased calmness; or otherwise reduce levels of anxiety, stress or anger. Relaxation techniques are often employed as one element of a wider stress management program and can decrease muscle tension, lower the blood pressure and slow heart and breath rates, among other health benefits.
People respond to stress in different ways, namely, by becoming overwhelmed, depressed or both. Yoga and other techniques that include deep breathing tend to calm people who are overwhelmed by stress, while rhythmic exercise improves the mental and physical health of those who are depressed. People who encounter both symptoms simultaneously, feeling depressed in some ways and overexcited in others, may do best by walking or performing yoga techniques that are focused on strength
How to Hypnotize Someone – The 5 Steps to Fast Hypnosis
There are a couple of things to note before you can successfully hypnotize someone in under 10 minutes. First, not everyone is vulnerable to hypnotic suggestion. Second, hypnosis usually only works if the person wants to be put under hypnosis.How to Hypnotize Someone – Understanding the Process of Hypnosis
The first thing you need to do in order to properly hypnotize someone is to understand the process of hypnosis and the person that you are trying to hypnotize. Above all, you should be properly trained before attempting to perform hypnosis.Achieving Success With NLP
Everyday we interact with different personalities by the means of talking, body language, facial expressions. As today’s era has developed a lot in technology we come in contact with other people by chatting, telephone etc etc. The contact may be live, face to face, or by these means of communication. These kind of interaction influences the feeling, action and reaction in certain situation and the effect we may have on others.How to Hypnotize People – Learn to Hypnotize Someone in 4 Minutes Or Less
There are many techniques used to hypnotize people. Most techniques are time consuming, taking around 30 to 40 minutes to get the person to relax enough to be susceptible to suggestion. Depending on how vulnerable to hypnosis a person is, it can take even longer. There are however, many methods that are quicker and just as effective when hypnotizing people. Some of these techniques take four minutes or less.How to Hypnotize Someone – Relaxation is the Key
Hypnotism has been a topic of controversy for ages. To learn how to hypnotize people you first have to be aware of the intricacies of hypnotism and what must be done to achieve it.Relaxed Mind – Relaxed Body – How Self Hypnosis Puts Us Back in Touch
Many people find it difficult to do self hypnosis because they are so busy or just don’t find the time. This article shows how in fact it is very easy to do as long as we can find alone time. The main reason it is worth learning is that it is extremely beneficial to your mental health. The article cites the work of Ed Jacobson who made the link between a relaxed mind and how it induces a relaxed body. The steps to teach yourself are very easy and great fun, bringing about a state of relaxation in which problems can be more easily resolved and goals more easily reached.Hypnotherapy Solution – The Granddad of All Therapy Options
Unfortunately the power of hypnotherapy is not understood by many mainly because of the various myths and misunderstandings that it is associated with. But if you are interested in hypnotherapy solution and want to know more about the subject, there are plenty of books, e books, and websites and reading materials available online as well as offline.Stop Fighting Mental Ghosts – Look to a Hypnotherapy Cure
Have you ever wondered why people suffer from conditions like anxiety attacks, chronic insomnia or even eating disorders? Strange as it may sound the root cause of such ailments and many others can be found deeply entrenched in the mind, particularly at the subconscious level.Imagine That!
Do you want it? Can you feel it? Can you see it? Can you imagine it? You can have it. It is as simple as that. All we need is the desire to have it, believe that we can have it and expect it to happen and hypnosis will take us there. Our imagination is such a powerful tool. Think about it, everything starts with thought and imagination.Online Hypnosis and Its Advantages
In the space of ten years online hypnosis has gone from being virtually unheard of to a multimillion dollar industry. What inspired this change and just why are so many turning to online hypnosis for treatment?How to Hypnotize Someone – Here’s How to Determine If Your Subject is Susceptible to Hypnosis
The first thing you need to do when wanting to hypnotize someone is to determine how vulnerable they are to the hypnosis. One test is to have them stare at a small light within a dark room. Pretend to move the light, but don’t actually touch it. If they believe the light has moved, then they are easily hypnotized.How to Hypnotize People – Learn How to Use Hypnosis
Hypnotizing people can be very simple. The public often misunderstands what hypnosis is all about. The focus of hypnosis is to relax a patient or client in order to focus on a particular issue or stress. Hypnosis isn’t meant to be a means to control a person. In fact, the person under hypnosis is in full control of their mind and body. Hypnosis is a therapeutic way to place your mind in a state of calm, where the world’s distractions cannot disturb. | <urn:uuid:14d2797c-e63e-4271-bc4b-4fcf15c29280> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hypnosisreviewsite.com/whispering-hypnosis-for-sleep-with-maggie-hour-long-session-hypnosis-hypno-nlp/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.898192 | 2,043 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Electricians attend different schools, receive various levels of training, and specialize in different areas. However, there are some components of electrical work that all electricians need to understand well. Even with this variety in backgrounds, there are some wiring methods that every electrician should know.
We are indebted to Blacktown Electrical for providing this information on electrical wiring systems.
These electrical contractors, serving the entire Western Suburbs of Sydney, can be found at:
Blacktown Electrical has a very strong reputation due to its highly skilled team of electricians proficient in all aspects of electrical work in Blacktown and Western Sydney. This company places a lot of importance on prompt service. They are known for their reliability and trustworthiness and our 100% customer satisfaction guarantee. This makes them the #1 choice for electricians for residential and commercial maintenance, renovations, dimmer installations and construction. Services also include the installation of service panels and wiring, as well as the installation of high-voltage systems like solar heating. Their team can also install underground feeder cables for solar installations, repair or replace circuit breakers and fuses, troubleshoot power issues such as blown light bulbs and blown fuses.
Here are the basic wiring methods every Blacktown electrician should know.
This is the most common type of wiring used in commercial and industrial buildings. It involves running electrical cables through metal or plastic pipes (conduits). Conduit wiring is more expensive than other types of wiring, but it provides better protection for the electrical cables.
Bundled wiring involves running multiple electrical cables together. This makes the wiring process simpler and cheaper.
Bundled wiring is not as secure as conduit wiring, so it is not often used in commercial or industrial buildings. It is done in some residential settings, though.
Surface-mounted wiring is also known as surface-mount technology (SMT) wiring. It involves mounting electrical components on the surface of a circuit board. Surface-mounted wiring is more expensive than other types of wiring, but it provides better protection for the electrical components.
Underground wiring, as the name implies, involves the running of electrical cables underground. Underground wiring is usually more expensive than other types of wiring, but often worth the expense as the cabling can be hidden from the site.
Surface wiring involves running electrical cables along the surface of a wall or ceiling. It is less expensive than conduit wiring but does not provide as much protection for the electrical cables. Surface wiring is often used in residential settings.
Cleat wiring is one of the most popular methods used by electricians. It involves mounting a metal plate onto the wall and then attaching the wires to the plate using screws or nails. This method is quick and easy, and it provides a neat and tidy finish. This form of wiring is often used in domestic properties and is considered to be very safe.
This is another popular method used by electricians. It involves attaching the wires to wooden battens that are screwed or nailed to the wall. This is a quick and easy method, and it provides a neat and tidy finish.
This is a common method used in commercial properties. It involves running cables through a trunking system, which is essentially a metal or plastic housing that protects the wires. This quick and easy method keeps the cables organized and out of sight.
Cable trunking is ideal for commercial buildings because it can be easily expanded as the need for more cables arises. And, if you ever need to move or replace a cable, it's a simple matter of opening up the trunking and making the necessary changes.
This method uses the electrical wires to be covered with a metal or plastic casing. The casing is then capped at the end to protect the wires. This is a common method used in many homes and businesses.
This method is so popular because it is very efficient and doesn't take up a lot of space. It's also very easy to install and doesn't require much maintenance.
This method uses a lead sheath to cover the electrical wires. The lead sheath is then sealed at the end to protect the wires. This method is commonly used in commercial and industrial applications.
This method is so popular because it is very durable and can withstand a lot of wear and tear. This is because lead is a very strong material. It's also easy to install and doesn't require much maintenance.
So whatever your electrical position - from handyman to expert electrical contractor - you must know all the basic wiring methods to complete your work properly and to ensure that you remain safe when performing any electrical work.
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Marijuana Poisoning in Cats and Dogs
As of July 1, 2015, recreational marijuana has been made legal in Oregon. If Washington and Colorado (where marijuana is also legal) are to be examples, veterinarians in Oregon should expect a significant increase in marijuana toxicity cases in pets, particularly dogs. Dove Lewis has already seen a significant increase in toxicity cases “In 2011, DoveLewis veterinarians treated six patients diagnosed with the toxicity, and last year it treated 10. So far this year, the hospital already has treated 65 for the condition.” Click here to read more from The Oregonian.
Marijuana poisoning in our pets is not benign. Pets can experience extreme agitation, low blood pressure, low body temperature and respiratory depression that may need mechanical ventilator support. While a fatal dose is uncommon, there is no established toxic dose so we don’t know if that “small ingestion” is not serious. Owners should seek immediate veterinary care for their pets if ingestion is suspected.
How can your pet become poisoned by marijuana?
- Inhalation of the smoke
- Ingestion of the plant
- Ingestion of products containing marijuana or hashish
- Ingestion of foods containing marijuana such as brownies, cookies, candies, and butter. When foods also contain chocolate, the risk of poisoning is increased.
NEVER leave a plate of marijuana-laced brownies or marijuana products out where your dog or cat can reach them!
Signs of toxicity can be quite alarming. Here’s what to look for if you suspect marijuana poisoning:
- Glassy eyes
- Stumbling, lack of coordination
- Dilated pupils
- Drowsiness or agitation, excitement- particularly hyper-reactiveness to stimuli
- Urinary incontinence, dribbling urine in dogs
- In severe cases, seizures and coma
Therapy for marijuana poisoning consists of decontamination and supportive care. We may need to induce vomiting or perform gastric lavage – “pump the stomach” – and administer charcoal to bind the remainder of the toxin in the GI tract. Pets will require an IV catheter and fluids to flush and dilute the THC, with careful monitoring of blood pressure, temperature, and respiration. There is no antidote or reversal agent for marijuana toxicity.
Please keep marijuana and marijuana products away from all pets and children. If your pet does ingest marijuana, please tell your veterinarian so that appropriate care can be instituted right away. We don’t know unless you tell us, as there is no test that will detect THC in veterinary patients. | <urn:uuid:cc474139-9f3b-4f90-9037-1165ca6b072d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://frontiervet.com/marijuana-pets/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.906485 | 550 | 2.3125 | 2 |
What Are Two Types Of Vaporization How Are They Different?
There are two types of vaporization: evaporation and boiling. Evaporation occurs at temperatures below the boiling point and occurs on the liquid’s surface. … Boiling by contrast is a rapid vaporization that occurs at or above the boiling temperature and at or below the liquid’s surface.
How is vaporization different?
|Differences between Evaporation and Boiling||Liquid State: Vapour Pressure|
|Evaporation And Condensation – Separation Techniques||Evaporation Causes Cooling|
What are vaporization 2 examples?
- Water to steam – Water is vaporized when it is boiled on the stove to cook some pasta and much of it forms into a thick steam.
- Water evaporates – Water evaporates from a puddle or a pool during a hot summer’s day.
How are boiling and evaporation different?
What is the type of evaporation?
Evaporation is a type of vaporization that occurs on the surface of a liquid as it changes into the gas phase. The surrounding gas must not be saturated with the evaporating substance. When the molecules of the liquid collide they transfer energy to each other based on how they collide with each other.
What is vaporization in chemistry class 9?
Vaporization is a process in which the liquid is converted into vapour at its boiling point.
What is the difference between vaporization and condensation?
Vaporization is the process in which a liquid is converted to a gas. Evaporation is the conversion of a liquid to its vapor below the boiling temperature of the liquid. … Condensation is the change of state from a gas to a liquid.
Is evaporation and condensation both types of vaporization?
The temperature at which liquid turns to a gas is called the boiling point. Vaporization is the reverse of condensation. Sublimation and boiling both happen at the surface of the substance. … Evaporation and condensation are both types of vaporization.
What is vaporization chemistry?
vaporization conversion of a substance from the liquid or solid phase into the gaseous (vapour) phase. If conditions allow the formation of vapour bubbles within a liquid the vaporization process is called boiling.
What means vaporize?
Definition of vaporize
transitive verb. 1 : to convert (as by the application of heat or by spraying) into vapor. 2 : to cause to become dissipated. 3 : to destroy by or as if by converting into vapor a tank vaporized by a shell.
What is the difference between vaporization and boiling quizlet?
Distinguish between evaporation and boiling. Evaporation happens at a liquid surface whereas boiling occurs in the bulk of the liquid. … Boiling is a cooling process so energy is removed as quickly as it is added.
Why do different substances boil at different temperatures?
Different liquids have different boiling points depending on the strength of bonding between the particles and the mass of the particles. The heavier the particles in the liquid and the stronger the bonding the higher the boiling point will be.
How are evaporation and boiling alike and how are they different in your answer discuss differences in energy and differences in temperature?
What are the 2 types of evaporation?
The two types of vaporization are evaporation and boiling. Evaporation refers to the surface of a body of liquid turning into gas such as a drop of water on the concrete turning into a gas on a hot day. Boiling refers to heating up a liquid until it releases vapor such as heating water on a stove until steam forms.
What is evaporator and its types?
What is evaporation for kids?
What is vaporization Class 9 short answer?
What is vaporization in chemistry class 8?
The process of change of liquid to vapours on heating is called vaporization.
What is vaporization Byjus?
What is the difference between latent heat of vaporization and fusion?
What is the difference between Vapour and gas?
What are two differences between Evaporation and condensation?
Condensation is the change from a vapor to a condensed state (solid or liquid). Evaporation is the change of a liquid to a gas. Microscopic view of a gas. … Example: Water vapor condenses and forms liquid water (sweat) on the outside of a cold glass or can.
What is vaporization that takes place below and at the surface of a liquid?
Vaporization that takes place below the surface of a liquid is called boiling. When a liq- uid boils bubbles form within the liquid and rise to the surface as shown in Figure 12. The temperature at which a liquid boils is called the boiling point.
Which kind of vaporization can occur at any temperature?
Vaporization that can occur at any temperature between the freezing and boiling points of a substance is evaporation.
What is vaporization example?
vaporization Add to list Share. When a liquid changes form into a gas the process is called vaporization. You can watch vaporization when you boil a pot of water. … Boiling is the rapid vaporization of a liquid—the steam that comes out of a boiling kettle is actually visible water vapor.
What is the difference between specific heat and heat of vaporization?
Heat of vaporization is the energy needed for one gram of a liquid to vaporize (boil) without a change in pressure. former M.D. Specific heat is the amount of heat energy it takes to raise 1 gram by 1 degree Celsius (or Kelvin). For water it is 1 j/g.
What are the factors affecting vaporization?
How do you spell Vapourise?
- cause to change into a vapor.
- change into a vapor.
- turn into gas.
- lose or cause to lose liquid by vaporization leaving a more concentrated residue.
What Freezing means?
Is vapor a gas?
A vapor refers to a gas-phase material that that normally exists as a liquid or solid under a given set of conditions. … A good synonym (alternate word) for vapor is gas. When a substance turns changes from a solid or liquid into a gas the process is called vaporization. The material is said to vaporize or evaporate.
What does boiling and evaporation have in common?
What do boiling and evaporating have in common? Both processes involve a liquid changing state to become a gas. … Evaporation can happen at any temperature whereas boiling only happens at the boiling point.
What is evaporation quizlet physics?
Evaporation is when the fastest molecules at the surface of a liquid have escape velocity and leave to become a gas.
What is melting and freezing?
Melting and freezing refer to the changes in state which occur when the solid and liquid states interchange. Melting occurs when a solid is heated and turns to a liquid and freezing occurs when a liquid is cooled and turns to a solid. … Freezing occurs when a liquid is cooled and turns to a solid.
Why do different substance have different melting and boiling points?
Different substances have different melting and boiling points because of the different strengths of the bonds between the molecules.
Understanding Vaporization and Evaporation | Why do clothes dry even at room temperature?
name the two types of vaporization and explain the difference between them. give one example of each
Difference Between Evaporation and Vaporization
Vaporization and its types | <urn:uuid:f31aec7f-8c1e-4bd6-9b28-ef5098790b50> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.microblife.in/what-are-two-types-of-vaporization-how-are-they-different/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.915356 | 1,583 | 3.546875 | 4 |
How to recover an excel file after format or delete?
Aidfile recovery free software for recovering excel files after delete or format hard drive or usb drive,sd card,flash drive,cf card ,mmc card
Use “Undelete” to recover deleted Excel files.
Use “Unformat” to recover an Excel files after format hard drive.
Use “Recover partition” to recover Excel files if partitions changed or damaged or deleted.
Use “Full Scan” mode to recover deleted Excel files which can not be found with “undelete” and “unformat” and “recover partition”,recover Excel from raw partition,recover the Excel files of partitons which are not NTFS,nor exfat,nor fat32.With deep and full scan lost Excel from partition , hard drive, usb. | <urn:uuid:d4b94fc4-34aa-4d54-861a-532c167ecba1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.aidfile.info/how-to-recover-an-excel-file/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.871864 | 186 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Home Care in Huntington Beach CA
It is not uncommon for seniors coping with Alzheimer’s disease or other forms of dementia to develop negative behaviors in the later stages. One of these behaviors can be aggression, or becoming combative during normal care activities. The Alzheimer’s Association notes that this type of aggression can come in the form of either verbal or physical combativeness, and that it can come on
very suddenly and with seemingly no explanation.
No matter how common combative behaviors are for seniors with Alzheimer’s disease or other forms of dementia, however, they can be extremely difficult to cope with as a family caregiver, and can even diminish your relationship with your aging loved ones. If you are facing combative behaviors from your parent in your care relationship, hiring a home care provider may help.
Some of the ways that hiring an in home health care services provider may be able to help you cope with your parent’s combative behaviors include:
• Experience. It is normal to be upset and even frightened by something that you have not experienced before or that is unfamiliar for you, and this can make it more difficult for you to know how to respond properly and adequately. A home care provider, however likely has experience caring for seniors dealing with Alzheimer’s disease or other forms of dementia, and has seen these types of combative behaviors before. Her experience puts her at ease and allows her to feel more in control of the situation, ensuring that your parents receive the care that they need safely and effectively.
• Coping techniques. Along with the experience of having seen these behaviors before, home care providers often have coping techniques that they use specifically to defuse stressful situations, ease anxiety, and calm seniors who are experiencing these behaviors. It is important to remember that these combative behaviors are most often a response to stress, anxiety, fear, or some physical need that is not being fulfilled. The care provider can use her coping techniques to ease the problem, find the origin, and make your parent more comfortable.
• Respite. Any situation seems worse when you are tired, overwhelmed, and stressed. These are common feelings for a family caregiver, and they can make encountering combative behaviors all the more unpleasant and hard to deal with. A respite care provider can step in to give you a much-needed break during your care journey, which offers you the opportunity to step away from the situation, get some rest, ease your own high levels of emotions, and come back calmer and more prepared.
• Separation. It is an unfortunate reality that the recipient of negative behaviors, including combativeness, is often the person that is closest to a senior coping with dementia. The senior may be feeling uncomfortable or embarrassed about needing help from an adult child, or may just feel angry about his situation, which he cannot process properly due to his dementia. Allowing a neutral care provider to handle some of his care tasks can ease this discomfort and reduce the negative feelings that can lead to combative behaviors.
If you or an aging loved one are considering home care in Huntington Beach, CA or the surrounding Orange County areas, please call us at 949-535-2211. We provide senior care services in Newport Beach, Costa Mesa, Huntington Beach, Irvine, Laguna Woods, Laguna Beach, Mission Viejo and surrounding areas of Orange County California. Contact us today to learn more. | <urn:uuid:7b7b36e9-d705-4c4a-8139-5b1fe4fbf017> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://optimalseniorcaresolutions.com/how-home-care-can-help-you-cope-with-a-combative-parent/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.960273 | 693 | 2.0625 | 2 |
RESTORE THE BALANCE IN THE WATER BALANCE: “The sponge city concept marks a transformative change of China’s water management from the engineering-oriented paradigm to a more holistic and nature-based approach, which aims to strengthen the sustainability of the urban water cycle,” wrote Genevieve Donnellon-May, researcher with the Institute of Water Policy, National University of Singapore (January 2022)
Note to Reader:
The Diplomat is described as the premier international current-affairs magazine for the Asia-Pacific region. Since its launch in 2002, The Diplomat has been dedicated to quality analysis and commentary on events occurring in Asia and around the world. The Diplomat reaches an influential audience of commentators, policymakers and academics with its in-depth treatment of regional issues.
In January 2022, the Diplomat published an article on China’s Sponge Cities, co-authored by Genevieve Donnellon-May and Professor Guangtao Fu. She is a researcher with the Institute of Water Policy (IWP) at the National University of Singapore. He is a professor of water intelligence at the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom.
Are ‘Sponge Cities’ the Answer to Shenzhen’s Water Scarcity?
“Like many other countries, China is facing a multitude of water and water-related challenges, including flooding and droughts, which are linked to climate change. In the past few decades, water-related concerns in China have increased in both intensity and frequency, impacting not only society, but also infrastructure and the environment, resulting in economic losses,” state the authors in their opening paragraph.
Drought Impacts China’s “Tech Hub”
The article’s spotlight is on Shenzhen, a city of 17.5 million residents in southern China. Shenzhen is the fourth most populous city proper in China. The city is often referred to as “China’s tech hub”. Shenzhen is facing its worst drought on record. The authors pose this question, Can authorities find a holistic, long-term solution?
They provide this context: “Sponge cities have been promoted by the central government as a sustainable solution for urban water problems in China. In a sponge city, nature-based solutions are implemented to infiltrate, retain, and store stormwater for future water use. Are sponge cities the solution to prevent droughts and the most severe scenario – “Day Zero” – in Shenzhen?”
Restore the Balance in the Water Balance
The article draws attention to the need to look at all aspects of the water cycle: “The construction of sponge cities aims to prevent flooding from 100-year storm events, but no clear targets for drought management have been put in place. As a result, green measures are purely perceived as an approach for flood risk reduction, without addressing the needs for water demand management and water reuse. To mitigate these concerns, the construction of sponge cities should be configured for wider benefits in drought and flood management.”
To Learn More:
To read the complete article, download a PDF copy of Are ‘Sponge Cities’ the Answer to Shenzhen’s Water Scarcity?
Adjusting to a Changing Water Cycle in British Columbia: Longer, drier summers & warmer, wetter winters
On the weekend of November 13-14, 2021 the southwest corner of British Columbia was pounded by an epic atmospheric river. Landslides and rampaging rivers severed all highway connections between the Lower Mainland and the Interior of the province.
Barely 48 hours later (on November 17, 2021), the Partnership for Water Sustainability’s Kim Stephens delivered the keynote address at an operator educational event organized by the BC Water & Waste Association (BCWWA). Held in New Westminster, the BCWWA event was distinguished by the fact that it was not a Zoom webinar.
On the contrary, it was the first in-person event for water education in the age of COVID. Thus, it was an ironic twist that Mother Nature prevented speakers and attendees from the Interior from attending. The rippling impact of the natural disaster was further accentuated when some 20 municipal staff from the cities of Abbotsford and Chilliwack were called to duty. It was all hands on deck in those communities after widespread flooding in Sumas Prairie shutdown the Trans Canada Highway.
In summary, the historic storm and flooding was top of mind for all when Kim Stephens, Partnership Executive Director, stepped on stage to provide his career perspective on current events, and put the situation in context.
To Learn More:
Download a copy of the keynote presentation titled Adjusting to Longer and Drier Summers in British Columbia: Drought Affects Us All.
A Career Perspective on Droughts and Floods in British Columbia
“Dating back to the Halloween 1981 Flood, my engineering career has been defined by an alternating cycle of floods and droughts. This four decade history provides me with perspective that in turn allows me to put current events in context,” stated Kim Stephens.
“In water resource engineering, we often talk about the Hydro-illogical Cycle. That means – once a decade you have a flood; once a decade you have a drought. You write a report. You put it on the shelf. A decade later, you have a flood, you have a drought, you update the reports. And so the cycle continues. As the hist0ric storm of November 2021 shows, however, no longer can we postpone action that recognizes the nature and reality of a changing water cycle.”
“Droughts affect all of us, whereas floods affect some of us. That is a fundamental distinction. For this reason, drought history is a good way to tell the story of how our climate is changing. In British Columbia, the mega-drought of 1987 was our first wake-up call. It followed a relatively benign period of some four decades. In rapid succession, we had three droughts in five years. This began to change the conversation in British Columbia.”
“Starting in 2003, we have had one teachable year after another in British Columbia. The pattern has been extremes followed by extremes: droughts, forest fires, wind storms, and floods. Each time the extremes seem to be more extreme. 2015 is a defining year. With hindsight, we can clearly see that is the year when we crossed an invisible threshold into a different hydro-meteorological regime in western North America. We are now in Year Seven of this new reality. Yet only in 2021 is in finally sinking in with the population at large that something has fundamentally changed.”
“As of 2021, we can truly say that the era of weather extremes is upon. And it has happened faster than anyone had projected or expected. Think of the terms that are now part of the everyday vocabulary in weather forecasts on the evening news: heat dome, atmospheric river, cyclone bomb.”
Extremes are More Extreme
“We have always had weather extremes in British Columbia. In my experience, dry months would follow wet months. In other words, the duration of wet and dry periods was comparatively short. On an annual basis, things had a way of balancing out. Now, however, winters are warmer and wetter. And summers are longer and drier. This new reality has huge consequences for water security, sustainability, and resiliency.”
“A generation ago, for example, water supply managers could reasonably anticipate that three months of water storage would be sufficient to maintain supply during a dry summer. Today, however, a 6-month drought is a very real likelihood, and on a repeating basis. In the meantime, populations have also grown in the major centres. From a water supply perspective, think about the implications of a doubling in the need for water storage to make it through a drought.”
“When the water resource is large and water demand is small, variability is not that noticeable. But when the demand (Water OUT) is large relative to the available resource, a variation on the supply side (Water IN) magnifies the perception of impact. In many cases, BC communities have long been operating on narrow margins.”
“When you think about it, the planet Earth is a closed loop system. Mother Nature does not create new water. The state may change – rain, snow, ice, vapour – but the water cycle is the water cycle. This means that extreme duration dry periods will of course will be followed by extreme duration wet periods. And that has been the pattern since 2015, with 2021 being the most extreme year of all as we have lurched from heat dome to epic atmospheric rivers.”
To Learn More:
- Read CONTEXT AND HISTORY REALLY DO MATTER: “In the moment, extreme events can be overwhelming. But the big picture situation is by no means hopeless. My key message is to view climate change as another variable, not a driver. Understand the system context because climate adaptation is about water, whereas climate mitigation is about carbon,” stated Kim Stephens, Executive Director, Partnership for Water Sustainability in BC (Sept 2021)
- Read ADAPTING ASSET MANAGEMENT TO CLIMATE REALITIES: “Climate change impacts are risks which can be addressed by aligning asset lifecycles to performance or change thresholds which consider how levels-of-service are likely to deteriorate in response to climate changes impacts,” stated Robert Hicks, Senior Policy and Process Engineer, City of Vancouver.
- Read THE WATER CYCLE IS OUT OF BALANCE: “While climate change is causing bigger and bigger storms, our alterations to the environment – especially to the ground surface – have been one of the major causes of the increased frequency of flooding events in modern times,” stated Professor Roland Ennos, University of Hull, when commenting on flood consequences in the United Kingdom (2015).
- Read WATCH THE VIDEO / Water and a Changing Climate / Drought Affects Us All: “When you think about it, the earth is a closed-loop system. New water is not being created. What changes is the seasonal distribution. Extreme droughts followed by extreme floods show just how unbalanced the seasonal water cycle is now,” stated Kim Stephens, Partnership for Water Sustainability (July 2021)
- Read ADJUSTING TO LONGER AND DRIER SUMMERS IN BRITSH COLUMBIA: “Since 2000, summer precipitation has dropped about 20 per cent. This means we need to be far more conscientious about summer water use,” stated Hans Schreier, a professor emeritus of land and water systems at the University of British Columbia (July 2021)
- Read ARTICLE: “Restore the Balance in Water Balance – Climate Change is Another Variable When Planning for Sustainable Service Delivery, Dealing With Uncertainty, and Managing Risk,” (Asset Management BC Newsletter, Summer 2021)
Learn From and Build Upon Experience
“A key message is that climate change is not a driver; rather, it is another variable. Climate change is only one factor to consider when we talk about the nature and consequences of extreme weather. The real issues are uncertainty and risk, more specifically how we deal with the first and manage the latter.”
“At the same time, we must recognize that we have so transformed the landscape that there are compounding unintended consequences. These are due to our widespread interference with natural processes. In November 2021, there were numerous factors in play and these combined to magnify the impacts of extreme weather.”
“In particular, the epic atmospheric river covered such a large area extending into the Interior that it resulted in a previously unimaginable scenario – a major storm coincident with high water levels in the Fraser River late in the year. In the lower Fraser Valley, this meant that inland drainage could not outflow by gravity through the dyke system and into the Fraser River. Normally the Fraser peaks in the late spring and early summer months due to snowmelt, not rainfall.”
“Another key message is that everything is connected. This requires an understanding of how the system works as a whole, rather than focusing on components in isolation of the whole. Thus, a constant challenge for planning is not to prevent past events, but instead is to use past experiences and apply systems thinking to inform and create flexible strategies for the present and the future.”
Blue Ecology is the Pathway to Water Reconciliation
“Michael Blackstock’s Blue Ecology ecological philosophy aligns with the whole-system, water balance approach that the Partnership for Water Sustainability champions for restoration of hydrologic function and stream system integrity within the built environment.”
“As defined by Michael, interweaving is about creating a new form of knowledge through collaboration by interweaving useful threads from each way of knowing into a more robust way. Interweaving is not integration, just as equality is not about assimilation and creativity is not empirical. Interweaving is collaborative and incremental rather than a revolutionary process. Collaborators identify packets of knowledge that would benefit from the interweaving process.”
“Blue Ecology is an ecological philosophy, which emerged from interweaving First Nations and Western thought. It is meant to be a companion because it augments existing Western science hydrology rather than displacing this knowledge,” concluded Kim Stephens. | <urn:uuid:ded4a281-0ad1-45d1-b69b-e1d5100334ce> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://waterbucket.ca/gi/2022/01/05/the-sponge-city-concept-marks-a-transformative-change-of-chinas-water-management-from-the-engineering-oriented-paradigm-to-a-more-holistic-and-nature-based-approach/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.947035 | 2,796 | 3.03125 | 3 |
The majority of attacks on computer systems around the world today are motivated by financial gain, with 90pc of attacks being orchestrated by organised gangs.
This is according to a new report from security software vendor Symantec, which has just appointed Irish start-up Threatscape as its new partner.
Threatscape managing director Dermot Williams predicted a rise in these kind of breaches almost five years ago.
“Notoriety and bragging rights used to be behind the majority of activity. Now it’s cold hard cash – pure and simple,” said Williams.
Williams explained: “The ingenuity and deviousness of these guys can be astonishing – ranging from the myriad of bogus ‘donation websites’ that cropped up within hours of the Haitian earthquake to the way gangs trade details of new ways to compromise computer systems almost as a form of currency in the cyber underworld. Then there’s the recent growth in fake antivirus programs and even unsolicited phone calls from phony IT support lines offering to fix problems remotely – for a fee.”
The growth in well organised and targeted computer attacks for financial reward is a phenomenon that can affect companies regardless of size or of location, said Lorcan Kavanagh, Symantec’s country sales manager for Ireland.
“The very nature of how individuals and organisations make use of IT continues to evolve and it is important that they continually assess their systems to make sure they are well secured.”
According to the Symantec Intelligence Quarterly:
· Eighty per cent of security breaches are targeted at stealing confidential data.
· Credit card details are the most commonly advertised item on black market forums.
· Attack toolkits and bank accounts follow these as the most popular black-market items for sale.
· “Attack toolkits” debut at No 2 and allow novice attackers to launch sophisticated attacks.
· Prices for credit card information ranged from US$0.33 to US$100.
· The No 1 vector by which criminals and malware gets into a company continues to be email.
· Some 285 million records were stolen in 2008, compared to 230 million between 2004 and 2007.
One of the fastest-growing areas of information security is DLP or ‘Data Loss Prevention’ – providing technologies that prevent valuable and confidential corporate data falling into the wrong hands, whether it is through the activities of malicious insiders or by accident, by potentially catastrophic incidents such as lost laptops or emails sent with unintended attachments – or to incorrect recipients.
Understanding where confidential data is located, how it is being used, and what steps must be taken to prevent its potential loss is vital.
Under the new partnership, Threatscape will be a strategic Symantec partner in Ireland for corporate IT security. Threatscape IT security consultants will deploy and support Symantec technology and solutions to provide enterprise-scale clients with a unique and compelling level of protection against digital threats.
“Analysing over 8 billion emails a day and monitoring activity at 240,000 different points and over 200 countries across the internet, Symantec have an unrivalled and real-time insight into developing IT security threats,” continued Williams. “This is why we have chosen to partner with them to help Irish organisations secure their business-critical IT systems.” | <urn:uuid:6a5381b8-da54-4415-8e36-eadb09ceed9e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.siliconrepublic.com/enterprise/organised-criminals-behind-90pc-of-internet-security-threats | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.936879 | 683 | 2.09375 | 2 |
August 26, 2021
What is EmPOWER Maryland?
If you look closely at your monthly utility bill, you may notice a small surcharge for EmPOWER Maryland. This charge contributes to a group of programs established under the EmPOWER Maryland Energy Efficiency Act of 2008, a bill designed to reduce energy consumption state-wide. Under EmPOWER, Maryland utilities are required to offer programs that incentivize energy efficiency and conservation, while also helping homes and businesses save money on their utility bill. So far, EmPOWER programs have saved 11,971,724 MWh and 2,363 MW of Maryland’s peak demand, and are expected to create $12 billion in savings by the end of 2020. This conservation contributes to the state’s annual energy savings goal of 2% of gross energy sales, set in 2017.
Available programs are managed by Baltimore Gas and Electric (BGE), Delmarva Power and Light, Potomac Edison, Potomac Electric Power Company (Pepco), Southern Maryland Electric Cooperative, Inc. (SMECO), and Washington Gas Light Company (WGL). The utilities offer a suite of programs, providing a variety of rebates for residential and commercial properties.
EmPOWER Maryland Programs for ENERGY STAR New Home Construction
As new construction continues to pop up around Maryland, energy efficiency becomes increasingly important in efforts to mitigate climate change. Builders are encouraged to offer ENERGY STAR certified homes and appliances, as they meet the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s strict energy performance standards. However, since energy efficient construction demands extra costs and fulfillment of strict criteria, it can be difficult to accomplish.
Achieving ENERGY STAR certification means building better than code, requiring builders to potentially spend more money and time to understand and meet these requirements. As Jay Hall of the green home and building consulting firm Jay Hall and Associates Inc explained, builders are already working hard to simply finish projects and meet housing needs, so going above and beyond code may not always be realistic without help. The EmPOWER program for ENERGY STAR new home construction bridges the gap between cost and sustainability by offering rebates directly to the builder for ENERGY STAR certified construction and equipment.
“The new construction programs are unique because the incentives go to the builder. In almost every other incentive program, commercial or residential, it goes directly to the customer,” said Alex Emond, Program Manager at ICF International Inc for the Maryland ENERGY STAR New Homes Program. Alex noted, “a lot of these builders could just sell homes that are code-built — I mean they are very nice homes, customers may or may not know if they have an ENERGY STAR home or not — but we’re hoping that these incentives actually get [builders] to participate in our program regularly, and to take extra attention to the details that provide energy efficiency.”
Another element that makes the incentive effective, is that every major Maryland utility participates, meaning rebates are offered throughout the state. Plus, each utility has contracted ICF International Inc. to manage their new construction incentives, making their rebate programs similar in structure. No matter where in Maryland a project is located, builders have the incentive to meet ENERGY STAR standards.
A High-quality, Healthy Home
By helping builders achieve ENERGY STAR certification, the incentives also help to ensure a quality product. A home that meets ENERGY STAR testing criteria is at least 10% more energy efficient than a home built to code and produces an average energy savings of 20%. Plus, the homes ensure enduring quality, wall-to-wall comfort, energy efficiency, lower costs, and confidence in the construction process.
“I always promote green programs [like ENERGY STAR] as making homes healthier than a code home, making it more durable, making it more energy efficient, and environmentally responsible too,” expressed Jay.
Alex emphasized that the EmPOWER incentive benefits a range of builders; from national construction builders to medium sized and custom home builders. ICF and Maryland’s utilities are continuously trying to reach new builders that don’t already participate. For Montgomery County, that means encouraging the participation of custom home builders.
To add on to the benefits, energy efficiency in new construction contributes to Maryland’s EmPOWER energy saving and climate action goals. Builders can offset costs and support green development by taking advantage of the EmPOWER program for ENERGY STAR new home construction. Likewise, homebuyers can support the program by choosing participating homebuilders and raters who are registered service providers with a utility. If you are looking to build a new home, check out the available rebates below offered by your local utility!
Images above of supply air flow testing and duct testing
In Montgomery County, the following utilities offer EmPOWER programs for ENERGY STAR new home construction: BGE, Pepco, Potomac Edison, and Washington Gas. Participating homebuilders can earn up to $1,250 in rebates for each qualifying home, additional rebates for energy-efficient appliances, as well as resources to help them build and sell each home.
The above three electrical utilities offer the following rebates to new ENERGY STAR Version 3.1 certified homes with 100% LED installation:
|Housing Type||Rebate Amount|
|Single-Family Detached Home||$1,250|
|Townhouse or Duplex||$750|
BGE offers an additional $1,000 rebate to qualifying homes, of any housing type, that earn the Department of Energy’s Zero Energy Ready Home (ZERH) certification.
|ENERGY STAR Smart Thermostat||$75|
|≥16 SEER Air Conditioner||$200|
|≥16 SEER and ≥10 HSPF Heat Pump||$350|
|≥3.0 UEF Heat Pump Water Heater*||$500|
*Potomac Edison also lists >2.25 EF Heat Pump Water Heaters as eligible.
Washington Gas provides complementary natural gas offerings to those supplied by the previous three electric utilities. Through their New Home Construction Program the utility provides builders with informative newsletters, trainings, vendor assistance, and of course, financial incentives for energy-efficient homes and equipment. These resources are available to eligible homebuilders and HERS raters who join the network. Washington Gas’s available rebates can be found below.
*The first two tables exhibit new construction rebates that are run through Washington Gas’s partner electric utilities, and are not found on Washington Gas’s website. For homes built in a service territory that overlaps with Washington Gas, the utility is committed to a 50/50 cost share with the applicable electric utility.
The third table shows the utility’s equipment rebates. Many of these are also available to Maryland homeowners as residential rebates.
ENERGY STAR Version 3.1 certified homes:
|Housing Type||Rebate Amount*|
|Single-Family Detached Home||$1,250|
|Townhouse or Duplex||$750|
|Zero Energy Ready Home (ZERH) Certification||$1,000|
|Equipment||Efficiency Requirement||Rebate Amount|
|Storage Water Heater (Tier 1)||ENERGY STAR certified||$100|
|Storage Water Heater (Tier 2)||ENERGY STAR certified
Minimum UEF 0.69
|Tankless Water Heater (Tier2)||ENERGY STAR certified
Minimum UEF 0.89
|Furnace||ENERGY STAR certified
|Boiler (Tier 1)||ENERGY STAR certified||$400|
|Boiler (Tier 2)||ENERGY STAR certified
Minimum 95% AFUE
|Combi Boiler||Minimum 90% AFUE
And/or minimum 0.87 UEF
Written by Susannah Auderset, Montgomery County Climate Planning Team Intern, Summer 2021. | <urn:uuid:7a2ac124-a203-4c43-8722-83d07fe646ad> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.celestinedesign.org/empower-marylands-incentives-for-new-home-construction/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.898617 | 1,792 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Advancing women’s leadership and gender equity to achieve the SDGs
The reversals are exacerbated by COVID-19 and other compounding crises such as the growing incidence of conflict and the climate emergency.
They come at a time when the world is just beginning to see decades of hard-earned work and effort pay off, with more girls in school, falling maternal mortality rates and fewer marriages and births. child deaths.
The United Nations High-Level Political Forum (HLPF), currently underway in New York, is a critical opportunity to reflect on progress made to date and agree on a way forward to address the significant risks we face. confronted mid-term.
On Wednesday, an official side event at the HLPF, Choice, Voice and Empowerment: Women’s Political Leadership for Health in a Fragile World was organized by PMNCH, Women in Global Health, UHC2030 and Global Health 50/50, and hosted by the government of Estonia.
It brought together global policy makers, government officials, business leaders, healthcare providers, young people and community representatives from around the world.
Helen Clark, PMNCH Board Chair and former Prime Minister of New Zealand, said: “At a time when deepening crises are rolling back previous progress in empowering women and health of communities, the war is also being waged against the human rights of women and girls.”
She added: “We need urgent and transformative action to reverse these worrying trends. Women must have both a seat and a voice at decision-making tables. To achieve the vision of leaving no one behind in development, societies must go beyond lip service and implement rights-based and gender-sensitive approaches to achieve equality, resilience and sustainability.
UHC2030 Steering Committee Co-Chair Gabriela Cuevas Barron said, “Health is a right, not a privilege. This requires political will and leadership. But women must have a say in health systems that impact their health and well-being. Yes, they only have 25% of seats in parliaments and hold 25% of leadership positions in global health. The rules must be changed to get out of this uneven reality.
Global Health 50/50 co-directors Professor Sarah Hawkes and Professor Kent Buse said: “The collective failure to achieve equality in global health is inextricably linked to the failure to achieve equality in voice, representation and inclusion at the top. We urgently need feminist leaders, especially women and other underrepresented groups, to push for health rights, equity and gender equality.
They highlighted the need for a strong accountability system to ensure that promises made are promises kept so that the Global Health 50/50 target is met.
Dr Magda Robalo, Global Chief Executive of Women in Global Health, said: “Even before the pandemic, gender inequality was entrenched in the global health workforce, with women clustered into high-status sectors and jobs. inferior, marginalized in leadership and frequently subjected to violence and harassment. . Although women are the majority of health workers, they occupy only 25% of decision-making roles in the field of health, and women in countries of the South are particularly marginalized.
Kersti Kaljulaid, former President of Estonia and Global Advocate to the UN Secretary-General for Every Woman, Every Child, said: “When we recognize women’s contributions; when we pay women fairly for the work they do; when we show the inherent value and necessity of women to society. The solutions are complex, but let us commit to a gender lens that includes the participation of women – especially young women and girls – working in partnerships and communities, governments, businesses and NGOs towards our common goals .
Women and girls make up half of the world’s population, but their full potential remains largely untapped.
They are too often victims of sexual or physical abuse and exploitation, threatened by harmful traditions and practices, deprived of the right to education and health care, victims of discrimination in employment and often deterred from participating political processes, including voting.
Globally, 143 countries legally guarantee equality between men and women. But in practice, gender inequalities persist in most parts of the world and, in many cases, are receding even further.
Women are not allocated seats at decision-making tables in proportion to their numbers. According to UN Women, as of September 1, 2021, 26 women were heads of state or government in 24 countries.
The pervasive leadership gap between women and men can only be closed by addressing systemic barriers to women’s advancement.
This is particularly important as emerging evidence from the pandemic shows that women-led countries have generally fared better in terms of outcomes during COVID-19 through instituting proactive and coordinated policy responses.
Some 11 million girls may not return to school this year due to the unprecedented disruption to education caused by COVID-19.
This not only threatens decades of progress towards gender equality, but also puts girls everywhere at risk of teenage pregnancy, early and forced marriage and violence. | <urn:uuid:f035f3f1-5498-4f3c-aca4-c6a1664a7ec6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hopeforfibroids.org/advancing-womens-leadership-and-gender-equity-to-achieve-the-sdgs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.956026 | 1,037 | 2.234375 | 2 |
War on Drugs: Why Is Marijuana Legal in Some States and Not Others?
Why do some states have harsher laws against marijuana than others? Is having differing laws between states a good thing? Join Learn Liberty and Professor Alex Kreit to explore how possession of cannabis is treated differently by the jurisdictions of Maryland, Virginia, and Washington, D.C.
3 Absurd Reasons for Banning Drugs (video): Professor Steven Davies explains the circumstances which led to much of today’s drug policies.
War On Drugs (Playlist): The effects of the War on Drugs are wide-ranging, affecting individuals, families, communities, and even government officials.
The History and Economics of Drug Prohibition (program): Why were some drugs made illegal? What are the effects of their prohibition? Learn more in our On Demand Program:
>> In the US, legally speaking, a couple tiny inches can make a huge difference. Let me show you what I mean. Hey, don’t hate me. I just enforce the laws that you and your fellow citizens tell me to, I get nothing but abuse.
>> You suck.
>> See, it’s like I said.
It just depends on where you’re standing. I caught my first drug dealer. Yeah. I’ll make captain in no time. Man, pot. Marijuana? You little rascal, come here. I know what you’re thinking. Crazy how on one side of this tiny line you’re a criminal and on the other side, you’re free to go.
Feels kind of arbitrary, doesn’t it? It’s not always a bad thing to have different rules in different places. The world is complex. We don’t always know what we want. But we get to experiment and see what we like best. Luckily, if the laws have changed a little bit too slowly for your taste, you can vote with your feet.
And that, is beautiful.
>> Don’t forget, to subscribe to LearnLiberty, so you can stay informed, about other issues, that you might care about.
GET CONTENT STRAIGHT TO YOUR INBOX | <urn:uuid:09ccbd2e-a04a-4400-90b6-470b9a398fa6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.learnliberty.org/videos/war-on-drugs-why-is-marijuana-legal-in-some-states-and-not-others/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.936614 | 453 | 2 | 2 |
‘The Believing Scientist’
Author: Stephen M. Barr
Publisher: William B. Eerdmans Publishing
Length: 226 pages
Release Date: Nov. 20, 2016
Available at: Kino Library
The conflict between science and religion, which we all hear about, is much like today’s politics — there’s nothing to it. If it were true that an irreconcilable conflict exists, we wouldn’t have Catholic priests like Copernicus (Sun at the center of the Solar System) and LeMaître (the Big Bang) discovering how the entire universe works. When we hear of secular scientists who dismiss religion, it’s because of their eviscerating short-sightedness, their oftentimes need to deny and denigrate religion, and their lack of understanding that scientific materialism — the notion that only matter exists — is their real problem, not religion.
In Stephen M. Barr’s new book of scientific essays, “The Believing Scientist,” this materialism is his first argument. If the universe is made up only of matter, then there is no place for God, or belief, or love, or altruism, or consciousness, etc. Even mathematics doesn’t deal with matter; show me “three”.
Here’s an example of this supposed conflict: Holy Scripture claims that the universe and everything in it was created in six days. There is nothing wrong with this, especially if we stop to understand that we cannot look at Scripture as one, single, literary type; it’s a whole library of literary genres. Thus, we must look at Genesis a little differently than a simple historical document. The key term is “days,” as in single, 24-hour days. Nothing in Scripture claims that definition of “day”, in fact we find out that to the Lord, “a day is like a thousand years” (2 Peter 3:8, etc.). But wait, there’s more, and this is the key: the Hebrew word for “thousand” is eleph, meaning all kinds of years, and therefore an indeterminate number of time periods, six indeterminate time periods.
Using scientific language, we can say that Creation occurred over the “initial acceleration” after the Big Bang, during “nebulae collapse,” during “planetary accretion,” during the Jurassic period, the Sixties, etc. No real conflict.
For Christians, especially Roman Catholics who have all the great scientists and the huge astronomical facilities right here on Mt. Graham in Arizona, science is never a problem; it’s the means to discovering the glory and beauty of Creation.
Barr first gets into evolution and Darwinism. Fundamentalist Christians and atheistic scientists battle witlessly and can only agree that evolution and biblical religion can’t reconcile. And yet popes shrug their shoulders and Catholic theologians look at the evidence and accept that evolution took place. The only place Catholics refuse to give ground is on the immutability of the human soul. Who knows if after hundreds of thousands of years of evolution, the human progenitor didn’t stand up, recognize itself, and THEN God let loose the soul?
Barr explains the concept of Intelligent Design, which should be a fairly obvious one. Catholics, especially scientists, look around the whole of the known universe and see order. Order doesn’t, in and of itself, mean design, but it could. However, as Barr points out, the treatment of Intelligent Design has produced very poor science and has set itself as opposed to natural science; not something good thinking Catholics can accept. Thus, we are left simply admiring the symmetry.
Barr then takes the big leap to address quantum physics — which itself has problems with materialism and determinism — because it deals with dualities and probabilities. Probabilities are not absolutes so science and mathematics have a tough time with them. Out of this came the Big Bang, to some Christians, proof that the universe was created by God. The problem is that people confuse beginnings with origins and they aren’t the same. We can trace back, very roughly, from today, back to yesterday, to last week, a year ago, two millennia ago, back approximately 14 billion years to the Big Bang. The argument is, if we can trace it back to a beginning, we can trace its origins; it ain’t necessarily true. The beginning of our universe and all the time after it are the only things we can deal with. Prior to the Big Bang, we don’t have a proverbial leg to stand on, but neither do the scientific materialists. We can say this, with all logic, and it can’t be denied, something accounted for all the star stuff at the beginning, something provided the impetus for that initial explosion. I don’t care what the materialists call, I personally call it, “God.”
This book is completely readable but takes some thinking, and if you want to get a handle on what science is really about it, Barr tells you. | <urn:uuid:3d401056-cf14-47f7-948b-67fbc5f368db> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.catholicsun.org/2017/03/20/collection-reconciles-faith-and-science/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.938597 | 1,090 | 2.203125 | 2 |
A variety of social injustices in the society are addressed by the anonymous group of social activists presented in the assigned video. Members of this group correspond to the traditional description of contemporary social activists. These activists are unknown, and they do not participate in mass rallies and provocative actions. They only when state carry out illegal activities against citizens. Essentially, they take control of information resources and government websites to protest social injustices, including the lack of freedom, suppression of the will of the citizens, and corruption across the country. As a general rule, this anonymous group of social activists changes the operations of the government websites and security systems by blocking the sites and providing people with access codes to foster a restoration of justice and attract attention to their opinions.
I believe that social activism ought to play an essential role in society. For instance, social activism should promote positive values, such as equality across communities. Additionally, it must promote policy reforms, such as the legalization of same-sex marriage. Moreover, social activism ought to be responsible for the protection of the minority from being subjected to various discriminatory practices based on their ethnicity or sexual orientation.
- Social Work in Your Community
social work agencies in my community address various social issues, such as employment and children’s welfare. Some of the agencies in my community are the Ontario Public Service, and the Wonderland Group. Most of these agencies help community members to secure jobs. For instance, the Ontario Public Service often helps community members irrespective of ethnicity, race, age, or gender, to secure job opportunities in various companies or organizations. Furthermore, social workers in this agency use a wide range of generalist skills to provide highly qualified services to the community members. These skills include arranging and conducting interviews to select and hire qualified personnel for a specific job (Kryscynski & Russell, 2018). Besides, the agency gathers and evaluates the necessary data before hiring or recruiting personnel to given positions. The agency mostly collects data from the work application forms, including the curriculum vitae. The Ontario Public Service group also pairs people with jobs of their dreams and helps community members to acquire job opportunities in organizations in which they can best fit and adapt to quickly. Moreover, the social work agency promotes social justice in the community by ensuring there is equality in the hiring and recruiting process of new employees. As such, the social work agency ensures that the hiring and recruiting process within our community is not often based on various factors such as race, and ethnicity. Most people like visiting the Ontario Public Service organization because it is located near beautiful scenery, and its social workers are kind and humble to the community members who visit the organization. With positive client experience, most people are usually willing to revisit the agency.
2.1. Ethical Choices
According to section 1.5, CASW/ACTS Guidelines for Ethical Practice, a social worker has to respect and protect a client’s privacy and confidentiality. Therefore, Sally, as a client, is entitled to the protection of her personal health information. Consequently, the social worker should not disclose the secret Sally is about to reveal to him or her to another person, including Sally’s parents. However, section 1.5.3 allows the social worker to reveal Sally’s secret to her parents. The section stipulates that a social worker is entitled to reveal a young child’s personal health information to the parents if the disclosure is in the best interest of the child’s wellbeing (Berg, Hewson & Fotheringham, 2012). Since the Sally’s secret poses a threat to her welfare, the social worker must disclose the information to her parents. For instance, if a teacher sexually abused her at school and she decides to confide the information because she has a crush on him, I would ask Sally to disclose it to her parents or to share the issue with me. I would later disclose the information to her parents. Disclosing the information to Sally’s will undoubtedly have a positive impact on her wellbeing as her parents’ may take legal action against the teacher (Harber-Iles, 2011). However, revealing the information to Sally’s parents may break our initial social worker-client relationship as she may feel betrayed. As such, the use of Stanford format would have been helpful in this case.
3.1. Karen’s Roles in “Case Study: A Day (and Night) in the Life of a Social Worker”
In the case study, “A Day (and Night) in the Life of a Social Worker,” Karen takes the role of fighting for the rights of the vulnerable individuals in the society, including young children such as Miguel. As an advocate for children, Karen promotes their social wellbeing. For instance, she took the initiative to help Barry and Melanie to find a baby-sitter after receiving information that they did not have one. Furthermore, talks with her supervisor about the hardships that Miguel, Kevin, and Sherry are experiencing. They are from poor financial backgrounds and are unable to speak for themselves. Thus, Karen decides to talk for them to ensure they are accorded the necessary help (Unfried, 2010). Additionally, Karen enables Miguel to find the help of his vulnerable condition by informing her superiors about the issue. In the case study, it is evident that Karen is compassionate because she has dedicated herself to championing the rights of the vulnerable in society and she performs her roles effectively. Moreover, Karen has a strong relationship with her superiors, thus they are willing to provide help to any individual such as Miguel whose issue Karen had been brought forward. For instance, the superiors help Miguel to receive proper medical attention for his unsafe conditions that he could manage previously due to his family’s financial constraints. Regarding empathy, as per the case study, Karen is empathetic towards children given her dedication to assisting them.
4.1 Theory in Practice
Karen uses a multi-functional approach to solve various problems in social work. She tries to collect the necessary information to avoid making hasty decisions that would harm the children’s wellbeing. There are many approaches that Karen can use to improve her work to avoid detailed decision making analysis. As per the case study, Karen pays attention to the factors that significantly impact the various situations she handles. Additionally, she uses macro knowledge to make the most competent and productive decisions to improve the children’s wellbeing. Incorporating the use of macro-knowledge in social work practice helps Karen to conduct a comprehensive analysis of a situation based on a child’s prospects and characteristics (Parker, 2017). Thus, she is able to achieve higher results and help her clients. Furthermore, Karen applies structural and anti-oppressive practices in social work to help her find common ground with her clients. Integrating structural practices in her social work enables her to follow a more precise sequence of actions, including the decision-making process to achieve higher results and help her clients (Hutchinson & Oltedal, 2014). The anti-oppressive practices help Karen to establish a foundation on which she builds a healthy and productive relationship with her clients to ensure smooth interaction.
Berg, B., Hewson, J., & Fotheringham, S. (2012). Collaborating to Explore Social Work Research Ethics. Travail Social Canadien. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sarah_Fotheringham/publication/262105511_Collaborating_to_Explore_Social_Work_Research_Ethics/links/00b49536a934e0a09a000000/Collaborating-to-Explore-Social-Work-Research-Ethics.pdf
tchinson, G. S., & Oltedal, S. (2014). Five theories in social work. Retrieved from https://nordopen.nord.no/nordxmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/141851/Hutchinson_GS.pdf?sequence=1
Kryscynski, D., Reeves, C., Stice‐Lusvardi, R., Ulrich, M., & Russell, G. (2018). Analytical abilities and the performance of HR professionals. Human Resource Management, 57(3), 715-738. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/hrm.21854
Parker, J. (2017). Social work practice: assessment, planning, intervention and review. London: Learning Matters, an imprint of SAGE Publications Ltd.
Unfried, B. (2010). An Introduction to social work practice a day (and Night) in the life of a social worker. Toronto: Nelson Education Limited. | <urn:uuid:b60441bb-ec95-44c4-8359-0bd564b6d3df> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.premiumessays.net/sample-sociology-paper-on-social-activism-and-social-justice/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.944935 | 1,796 | 2.59375 | 3 |
iWatch – the next big thing from Apple
While everybody is talking about TVs, I think the future has nothing to do with them.
Television is old technology, old way of viewing media. The new generation does not watch their favorite videos on a TV, it uses the iPad and smartphones instead. No need for cable TV music video – watch One Direction and Gangnam Style on YouTube. TV is not the future of Apple, because it’s too predictable.
On the other hand, the technology that we have right now – processors and resolution, has developed more than enough. I believe that the challenge in the future is the miniaturization of hardware rather than in larger displays and more cores in the CPU. In fact, it has always been this – Apple is one of the few companies that still believe in thinner and lighter design, where technology permits, they place impossible thin but super precision-made devices like the latest iPod touch, iPod nano and iPad mini.
That’s why I think iWatch would be an interesting thing. Not as a handsfree accessory or iPhone, but as a separate, stand-alone device. Widget that you can use for video calls with friends, checking the time, location, shortcuts, even body temperature and heart rate at any time. “Smart Clock” with technologies like aselerometar and Siri. I even think that multitouch is not to be used anywhere and for each as if iWatch itself is operating system and interface, predictive yourself with the information you need, and show it at the right time (like Google Now).
iWatch can be simplified version of the smartphone, but concentrated on the services that people actually use – voice and video calls over the Internet, iMessage, Twitter, Foursquare …
Initially, there may be some cultural and social disadvantages of such a device – the people are not used to talking to their watches … Yes, but they were not used to doing all these things done now on your phone. And nowadays, where you go, there are always a few people a fresh smartphone, staring at it for a minute … While the clock, a quick and natural look would be sufficient to get the latest information that they care about. I even think it will take less time and will look socially.
Imagine a “smart” accessory that you never miss or lose! 🙂
People say that Apple changed the phone forever, but Steve Jobs and company actually created a completely new product, putting it in a familiar package. Why not do the same with the clock?
What have these products together?
And “glasses” on Google, and the “clock” of Apple mask technologies under the appearance of old familiar things. Both companies aim to further facilitate users to be always online and connected to social media. | <urn:uuid:382ce54e-5fbd-47ac-a611-90337020f3c5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://itgstudio.com/en/iwatch-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.942842 | 578 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Test results from a road surface containing titanium dioxide show that the material reduces the concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOx) by 25 to 45%, according to Professor Jos Brouwers of the Technische Universiteit Eindhoven (TU/e) in The Netherlands.
The titanium dioxide, a photocatalytic material, removes the NOx from the air and converts them with the aid of sunlight into nitrate. The nitrate is then rinsed away by rain.
The tests were carried out in the municipality of Hengelo, where the busy Castorweg road was resurfaced last fall. As part of the project, around 1,000 square meters of the road’s surface were covered with concrete paving stones containing the titanium dioxide. For comparison purposes, another area of 1.000 square meters was surfaced with normal paving stones.
Researchers at TU/e carried out three air-purity measurements on the Castorweg last spring, at heights of between a half and one-and-a-half meters. Over the area paved with air-purifying concrete the NOx content was found to 25 to 45% lower than that over the area paved with normal concrete. Further measurements are planned later this year.
Brouwers, who has been professor of building materials in the TU/e Department of Architecture, Building and Planning since September 2009, sees numerous potential applications, especially at locations where the maximum permitted NOx concentrations are now exceeded. The concrete stones used in the tests are made by, and co-developed with, paving stone manufacturer Struyk Verwo Infra, and are already available for use. For roads where an asphalt surface is preferred the air-purifying concrete can be mixed with open asphalt, according to Brouwers. It can also be used in self-cleaning and air-purifying building walls.
The use of air-purifying concrete does not have a major impact on the cost of a road, Brouwers has calculated. Although the stones themselves are 50% more expensive than normal concrete stones, the total road-building costs are only 10% higher. | <urn:uuid:6d7285a7-fbf7-4673-93a9-762128bd793c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dispatchcontrol.com/2010/07/06/paving-material-laced-with-titanium-dioxide-removes-nox/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.954019 | 442 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Stainless Steel Cookware
With the right treatment you got a pan for life!
Cooking with your tri-ply stainless steel pan without non-stick coating
Wash the frying pan thoroughly before the first use.
To prevent food from sticking to the bottom, it is important that you follow the following instructions carefully.
- Take the food you are going to bake out of the fridge beforehand so that it is at room temperature at the time of baking.
- Place the pan on a heat source of your choice. This pan can also be placed in the oven, so you can even bake your dish fi rst on the stove and put it directly in the oven for further cooking.
- Slowly bring the pan up to temperature, and after a minute drop some water drops into the pan. When the water droplets ‘dance’ through the pan, the pan is at the right temperature. If the drops evaporate slowly, the pan is too cold and the drops evaporate very quickly, the pan is too hot. Only add fat when the pan is warm.
- Now turn back the stove with about 30%. There is now enough heat in the pan, and this remains in it. Otherwise the pan gets too hot and burns the fat and/or the food you want to prepare.
- Wait for a moment until the butter stops foaming and gets a little brown, or until the oil has warmed up.
- Dab the food to be prepared as dry as possible.
- Let food that you put in the pan and stick to the bottom fry gently, without trying to pull it off the bottom. If necessary, turn down the stove and wait a while. You will see that it loosens by itself.
Metal pans become hot during preparation. That is why we advise you to have an oven glove at hand, just to be sure.
Stainless steel pans hate salt, so don’t salt your food in the pan but before or, even better, after baking, this will keep your stainless steel pan beautiful longer, and you won’t get “salt pits” on the bottom. For food rich in protein and fl our (eggs, pancakes, fi sh, etc.) use some extra fat during cooking, because otherwise it might stick to the bottom.
The beauty of a stainless steel frying pan is that immediately after frying meat, in the same pan, you can make a nice sauce or gravy. Remove any excess fat from the pan with kitchen paper, and pour some water, broth or wine into the still warm pan. Stir with a whisk or fork the baking juices away from the pan, and you’ll have a very quick and tasty gravy or sauce (and the pan is also almost clean!).
Cleaning your stainless steel pan
After preparation let the pan cool down. Make sure that your hot pan is not placed directly under or in cold water. This can cause warping. When the pan has cooled down su ciently, clean it with warm water and a dishwashing brush or scratch-free scouring sponge. You can just use detergent.
If there are any leftovers stuck to the pan, start soaking the pan in warm water with detergent for a few hours (you can even leave it overnight). Pour the water out and scrub fi rmly with a scouring sponge.
In case of stubborn dirt or burns, you can also put a layer of water with a scoop of soda or vinegar in the pan, heat the pan, and then scrub with a sponge.
If the pan has white stains or limescale, you can clean it with vinegar, or even boil it with vinegar. Wash the pans thoroughly with water.
Dry your pans by hand. You can also let them air dry, but water stains may appear on them.
Never clean stainless steel with ammonia or bleach. These products react with the metal which can cause it to rust. If necessary, it is best to use cleaning products that have been specially developed for stainless steel.
Stainless steel pans can be put in the dishwasher. The lifespan and appearance of your pan will deteriorate a bit faster as a result. Dishwashing by hand is better! If you are going to use the dishwasher and want to prevent water stains, rinse the pans immediately with carbonated spring water when you take them out of the dishwasher and then dry them by hand.
Which kitchen accessories can you use?
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The research is supported by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation
The article revisits the issue of economic sanctions efficiency. It concentrates on changes in business behavior when it is affected by governmental enforcement actions. The empirical groundwork is composed of 205 cases of U.S. governmental investigations vis a vis business in 2009-2019. The article tests two major hypotheses. The first one is about the measure of rationality of business when it violates existing sanctions regulations. The second one is about changes in business behavior during and after the investigation. Descriptive statistics shows that violations are rather not planned in advance. Reckless behavior is much more frequent than willful one. However, the data confirm the hypothesis about the transformation of business behavior during and after the OFAC investigation. This is an indicator of the high efficiency of sanctions against businesses as compared with relatively low efficiency vis a vis states.
Keywords: sanctions, U.S. Department of the Treasury, Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC), business, sanctions effectiveness, enforcement action, compliance.
The question of whether economic sanctions are effective as a foreign policy tool has for a long time been central for the students of sanctions policy. Scholars have been rather skeptical about the utility of sanctions. Early research by Hufbauer et al. (1990) identified that only one-third of sanctions programs affected the behavior of a targeted state. Further critical reviews of their database showed even more pessimistic results, claiming that only 5% of sanctions were a success (Pape, 1997). Drezner (1999) coined the term ‘sanctions paradox.’ He concluded that moderate sanctions against allies are more effective than comprehensive restrictions against foes. Despite the mounting sanctions programs since the end of the Cold War and a significant improvement of restriction tools, there is still no confidence that the imposition of sanctions provides positive results (Rosenberg et al. 2016). Jaeger has recently pointed out that evaluations of sanctions effectiveness often include a significant degree of subjectivity (Jaeger 2018, p. 15). Darsey and Stulberg (2019) have stated that sanctions acquire different meanings as a concept in different national contexts.
Still, sanctions remain among the main foreign policy tools of Western countries. The U.S. has been the global leader in the use of sanctions and has imposed them more often than all other states and international organizations combined (Hufbauer et al., 2010, pp. 5, 17). This may mean that despite controversial results, sanctions remain functional for one reason or another. To understand the towering demand for sanctions as a political tool one needs to revisit the concept of sanctions effectiveness as such.
The “traditional” understanding of sanctions effectiveness implies an ability to change the behavior of a targeted state. By means of economic restrictions (trade embargos, financial bans, investment prohibitions, sectoral restrictions, etc.) the initiator or a coalition of initiators intends to force a targeted state to change its foreign or domestic policy. Coercion is the principal function of sanctions. Therefore, the effectiveness of restrictions is often linked to the change of a targeted state’s foreign or domestic policy. Hufbauer et al. (1990, 2010) provided a benchmark for such an approach.
Coercion usually goes hand in hand with attempts to constrain the capabilities of a targeted state. Sanctions often aim to limit its military, technological or economic capabilities and punish it by inflicting economic damage. For instance, Neuenkirch and Neumeier (2015) compared the economic damage caused by U.S. and UN sanctions. Another important function is sending a signal to a targeted state. Restrictions may be symbolic in terms of damage, but they send a clear signal of discontent by the initiator. The signaling function has increasingly become of interest to scholars in recent years (see, for instance, Bapat et al., 2013). In terms of Drezner’s ‘sanctions paradox,’ signaling may be effective in relations with allies and partners.
Coercion, constraining and signaling are regarded as the functional core of sanctions and as a policy tool in contemporary research (Giumelli, 2016). These three functions have provided the background for numerous case studies, including those of Iran (Graef, 2013; Maloney, 2015; Nephew, 2018), North Korea (Kim, 2014; Haggard and Noland, 2017), Cuba (Spadoni, 2010), China (Cooper and Lorber, 2016), and Russia (Connolly, 2015, 2018; Kholodilin and Netsunaev, 2017, 2016; Fritsz et al., 2017; Crozet and Hinz, 2016; Moret et al., 2017).
There are also several other dimensions of sanctions effectiveness such as the impact of sanctions on human rights. The severe damage from a comprehensive embargo against the Iraqi population in 1991 fueled the search for ways to alleviate people’s sufferings. Thus, the effectiveness of sanctions also implies their selective potential to affect the elites and certain individuals, not people in general. The terms ‘targeted sanctions,’ ‘smart sanctions’ and ‘surgical sanctions’ emerged in the conceptual discourse in the 1990s and have become especially popular in the 21st century (Drezner, 2015; Tourinho, 2015). Globalization and advances in financial intelligence provided the U.S. with an opportunity to use targeted measures on a completely different scale compared with the past practices (Zarate, 2013). However, there is much skepticism about the ability of ‘smart sanctions’ to avoid causing peoples’ suffering and violation of human rights (Jazairi, 2015, 2018).
The success of sanctions may also mean internal changes in a targeted state. Here effectiveness may imply democratization or public revolt fueled by blocking the resources available to the political elite. However, the link between sanctions and democratization is not clear. Sanctions may even stimulate consolidation of the targeted regime instead of its collapse (Grauvogel and Soest, 2014), although some authors claim that the international community should continue to use sanctions in order to fight the threats to democratization (Marinov and Neli, 2015). Other scholars (e.g., Whang, 2011) have noted the use of sanctions for addressing internal issues in the initiator state.
All of these studies place emphasis on the state as a key actor. They follow a “state-centric” approach in a sense that they associate the success of sanctions with the behavior of a state, its capabilities and strategies. However, states are not the only target of sanctions. Private companies and business in general are targets too, especially if one takes into account the rise of ‘smart sanctions’ in recent years. Furthermore, there is the increasing use of ‘secondary sanctions’ which imply punishment of individuals and entities that are dealing with the sanctioned states or entities. Secondary restrictions imply “sanctions for violations of sanctions.” U.S. regulators often implement secondary sanctions against American and foreign businesses. Many foreign businesses may be potentially subject to U.S. sanctions that involve restrictions in the use of the U.S. dollar as a key means of international payments. Secondary sanctions may be an important factor in affecting the behavior of businesses in their relations with a sanctioned state or entities. These sanctions apparently provide the U.S. government with another powerful leverage to increase the pressure on targeted states, compelling international businesses to abstain from cooperation with them.
This article intends to analyze the efficiency of sanctions from a different angle compared to the “old-school” approach. Instead of looking at the change of the targeted state’s behavior, it focuses on the use of secondary sanctions against business. It studies the impact of penalties imposed by the U.S. government on companies and individuals for commercial connections with targeted businesses and states, and the violations of U.S. sanctions programs. In other words, the study uses a “business-centric” approach to analyze sanctions efficiency instead of the “state-centric” one. Early and Preble (2018) have recently provided an example of such an approach.
The key issues of the research include patterns of violations of U.S. sanctions by businesses; strategies of business in dealing with the U.S. regulators; and the consequent impact of sanctions on businesses’ behavior in terms of their attempts to further violate U.S. sanctions. The main question to answer is: Do penalties imposed by U.S. regulators (mostly by the U.S. Department of the Treasury) change the behavior of business in favor of compliance with the U.S.’s demands?
To answer the question above this paper tests two hypotheses. Hypothesis 1 postulates that business violates sanctions regimes in order to maximize its profits in general or to increase the profits of its branches or subsidiaries. In other words, business violates rules rationally. This assumption will be disproved if business demonstrates other patterns leading to violations.
Hypothesis 2 suggests that U.S. secondary sanctions against companies significantly affect their behavior and make them comply with U.S. regulations. Compliance is a rational strategy to minimize further financial and reputational losses caused by the regulators’ punitive measures. Presumably, U.S. sanctions implemented in line with the “business-centric approach” may be much more effective compared with the “state-centric” sanctions. The effectiveness of sanctions against business is one of the reasons why sanctions are still functional and remain an important foreign policy tool. This assumption will be disproved if business does not generally change its behavior and continues violations regardless of the punitive measures imposed by U.S. regulators.
To understand the correlation between U.S. regulators’ policy and its impact on the behavior of targeted businesses we must first define and further operationalize what is exactly understood by ‘policy’ and ‘behavior.’ For the purposes of this paper ‘policy’ means certain actions by the U.S. governmental authorities to guarantee that business complies with existing sanctions programs and legislation. ‘Behavior’ means actions of business in terms of compliance with imposed sanctions. This research deals with cases when business violates imposed sanctions for one reason or another, while governmental regulators react with punitive measures in order to change the behavior of the violators.
The U.S. Department of the Treasury Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) is a key governmental regulator, although in some cases other regulators take part in coercive actions. The Department of Justice, the Department of Commerce, the Federal Reserve System Board of Governors and other institutions may participate in investigations vis a vis American and foreign businesses. However, OFAC usually plays the leading role in relations with business.
Generally, OFAC implements two basic options to punish a violator. The first one is to include it in the SDN list which prohibits U.S. persons and entities under U.S. jurisdiction from dealing with a violator economically. The second option is to impose a financial penalty. This study analyzes the second measure only, because the SDN-list option does not leave many choices for a company or a person to change its behavior. Although the SDN-track is an interesting topic per se, it does not provide necessary argumentation to support or oppose my hypotheses. Financial penalties are apparently a more flexible tool. Its aim is not to exclude a violator from the international economy, but to change its behavior. Another critical factor for such a choice is the availability of empirical data. Although the SDN and other OFAC lists are publicly available, it is not always easy to identify the ways of a person’s behavior prior to violation, and it is still harder to assess a person’s behavior when he is already on the list. On the contrary, information about penalties provides enough evidence of the causes of violations, reaction of the U.S. regulator, and consequent behavior of a violator, whether it is an individual or a company.
The present study uses OFAC settlement agreements with companies, organizations and individuals as a major source. OFAC presents it in textual form. To transform this information into standardized data, the information was coded and transformed into a quantitative database. As a result, an OFAC Quantified Enforcement Database (OQED) has been created.
Coding and quantification are possible due to the similar structure of settlement agreements. Moreover, OFAC provides formal “Economic Sanctions Enforcement Guidelines” (Federal Register, 2009). This document defines financial penalties’ calculation procedures. It also identifies aggravating and mitigating factors that affect the measure of punishment. Settlement agreements usually provide a schematic overview of the kind of violations, patterns of behavior prior to the violations, level of cooperation with OFAC by a company or person under investigation, and consequent measures taken to improve compliance with sanctions regulations. Enforcement guidelines and settlement agreements imply specific outcomes of actions taken by OFAC and by a person/company under investigation. Most of these outcomes can be formalized in a binary 1 code.
To test the hypotheses, the behavior of businesses has been operationalized in a number of variables.
Hypothesis 1 claims that a business acts rationally to break the sanctions rules. The main way to check this is to see whether OFAC identifies violations as willful or not. A willful violation would mean that a company had an initial plan to violate the regulations. Other variables include the following questions: Did the company attempt to conceal violations? Was it a regular practice or an isolated case? Was the company management aware of the violation? Did the company voluntarily disclose its violation to OFAC or other regulators?
OFAC qualifies violations as egregious or non-egregious. Willful violations almost automatically lead to an egregious status. However, egregious cases may not always be willful. Some of them represent reckless behavior, resulting, for instance, from ignorance about existing regulations. Reckless behavior does not mean that the company acted intentionally (rationally) to violate sanctions regulations. However, a company could, for instance, save resources necessary for the compliance program, external audit, personnel training, etc. An important variable for determining the degree of a company’s investment to avoid violation of sanctions in advance is the existence of an effective compliance program as defined by OFAC in a settlement agreement. The absence of voluntary self-disclosure may signal reckless, although not willful, behavior. The abovementioned variables, such as management awareness about a violation, an attempt to conceal a violation, and the pattern of conduct, may also indicate that a company tries to rationally limit the damage from breaking the sanctions rules, while not informing the regulator about this.
In sum, the “rationality” to violate sanctions has two dimensions. The first one is willful behavior and the intention to maximize profit by violating the sanctions. The second one is reckless behavior, which may mean the intention to reduce compliance costs. Such a strategy may lead to mistakes in decision-making and to misbehavior. This is a situation where a short-term rationality causes losses in the long run.
A particular case does not fit into the hypothesis about the rational causes of misbehavior if violations were caused by inaccuracy, software malfunction, single (non-systematic) violations, etc. Usually, such violations are qualified by OFAC as non-egregious.
Hypothesis 2 requires operationalization of the change in the behavior of companies when affected by OFAC and other regulators. Voluntary self-disclosure is an important variable. However, its absence may not necessarily mean that a company intended to abstain from cooperation with OFAC. This may be the result of unawareness about a violation. However, other variables may be more illustrative. The first one is whether a company cooperates with an OFAC investigation in one way or another (by signing a tolling agreement, accurately providing documents, promptly responding to OFAC’s requests, providing it with relevant information, reviewing other violations). The second variable is whether an entity takes remedial measures to improve the environment which caused the violation. These cases are recorded and treated as a specific variable for a particular measure: creation or improvement of a compliance program, personnel training, dismissal of managers responsible for violations, financial and human enforcement of a compliance program, external audits, preparation of compliance manuals, and due diligence of partners. Another important variable is the history of violations. OFAC regards a new violation as an aggravating factor if it has been committed within five years after the previous one. Repeated violations indicate that the long-term effect of OFAC’s action is poor.
In other words, change of a company’s behavior means that it cooperates with the investigation, takes remedial measures, and does not violate U.S. regulations again. However, the “history” variable should be treated carefully. Investigations may take seven to eight years. Existing data may simply omit cases of repeated violations which may emerge in the future.
Besides these variables, the OQED also includes statistics on base penalties, final penalties and statutory maximum penalties imposed by OFAC. It also includes national and sectoral classification of companies, the number of violations by a single person or entity, information about violated programs, duration of the investigation, and the participation of governmental regulators other than OFAC.
The database contains 73 variables. The analysis included the study of 205 OFAC enforcement cases from January 2009 to June 2019. The OFAC data provide settlement agreements up until 2003. However, the 2003-2008 documents significantly lack critical information and were excluded from the analysis. Early and Preble (2018) have made an analysis of the entire period, though with different research goals and assumptions.
The first important observation of the OQED descriptive statistics is the distribution of the national origin of individuals and entities under OFAC investigations. The majority of them are U.S. companies: 137 out of 205 cases. EU companies account for 40 cases. Other countries of origin include Switzerland (5), China (4), Japan (3), and 11 other nationals (Fig. 1).
However, the U.S. skew should be misleading. American companies pay much less in penalties. They have agreed to pay $177.7 million of the overall $5.63 billion gathered by OFAC during a 10-year period. This means that the share of U.S. companies is only 3.15%. At the same time, EU companies have agreed to pay $4.67 billion, which is 82% of the overall gains by OFAC in ten years. In other words, 40 EU companies have payed 26 times more than 137 U.S. entities and individuals combined (Fig. 2).
A majority of European payments were made by financial institutions. The analysis of sectoral distributions shows that the financial sector is a key contributor of payments to OFAC. Financial companies (mostly banks) account for 53 cases out of 205. This is the most frequently sanctioned industry (Fig. 3).
There are plenty of other sectors (oil and oil-service companies, telecoms, aerospace firms, insurance, investment, trade, manufacturing and other businesses). However, their representation is not as big as that of banks. At the same time, 53 financial companies pay $5.3 billion in penalties of the total of $5.6 billion gathered by OFAC. This is 93.4% of the total (Fig. 4) compared to 6.6% paid by 152 persons in other sectors.
The financial sector represents another interesting skew. European banks are key contributors to OFAC’s gains. I called it a “European paradox” and described it in my recent work (Timofeev, 2019). Of course, such distribution is hardly the result of deliberate discrimination of Europeans by the U.S. government. Banks make much more operations compared to other sectors and apparently are more likely to make mistakes or commit misconduct. The banks’ vulnerability deserves a separate study.
Most persons under OFAC investigation violate only one sanctions program (79%) (Fig. 5). In general, entities and individuals committed 312 violations in ten years. Iran is the most “popular” program violator: 107 cases out of 312 (Fig. 6). Cuba is the second one with 67. Such newest programs as the Ukrainian one accounts for only three violations. However, things may change in the future. The average duration of an investigation is 5.9 years. The mean value is presented in Fig. 6 with a median of six years. The longest duration is 14 years (starting with the year of the first violation and ending with a settlement agreement). The quickest took one year.
The average final penalty does not seem to be a representative indicator. The mean value is $27.8 million, while the median is only $19,100. This difference makes an average final payment a rather useless indicator. More interesting is the difference between base penalty and final penalty. In the majority of cases, final penalty is smaller than the base one. This will be important for testing the second hypothesis. The fact that OFAC makes discounts may mean that a business under investigation changes its behavior.
Last but not least for the introductory statistics is the fact that OFAC is the only regulator to run an investigation in 170 cases out of 205 (Fig. 7). In another 35 cases OFAC acted together with other regulators, such as the Department of Justice (22 cases), the Department of Commerce (13 cases), and the FRS Board of Governors (13 cases).
In terms of the size of companies (Figures 8-9), a majority of cases accounts for large (78) and sophisticated (81) companies, while 19 are small ones and 12 are not sophisticated. Other cases do not have an OFAC classification regarding their size or sophistication. Ten cases out of 205 account for individuals, and the other 195, for entities.
Testing Hypothesis 1.
The first important variable to test Hypothesis 1 is willfulness of a person’s behavior to violate sanctions program. OFAC classified 32 of 205 cases as a willful violation, which accounts for 16% of all cases. Only in five cases OFAC assessed the behavior as unwilful. However, in most observations the cases were not classified, which may mean that OFAC does not consider willfulness to be the key factor in these cases. In other words, the share of willful violations is relatively small. On 14 occasions out of 32, willful violations went hand in hand with attempts to conceal them. In eight out of 32 violations a regular pattern of conduct was registered. On 19 occasions the senior management was aware of the violations. Thus, the data show that willful violations are usually not aggravated by attempts to conceal them, or by a regular conduct, or by involvement of senior managers. Still, such overlapping does occur, and these cases should be a matter of special research in the future. It is clear, however, that willful violations are usually of an egregious nature (22 of 32); only four of willful violations have been registered as non-egregious, and six are not classified.
The analysis of reckless violations shows a different distribution. In 76 cases out of 205 reckless behavior was registered. On nine occasions the violations were both willful and reckless. Only 27 of 76 reckless violations are egregious, while 43 are non-egregious. This means that OFAC tends to assess reckless violations in a softer manner than willful ones. On 17 occasions out of 76 there was an attempt to conceal a reckless violation (this share is smaller than in the case of willful violations). The same is true about the regularity of the pattern of conduct (17 out of 76). At the same time, the senior management was aware of the violations in quite a considerable number of reckless violations: 41out of 76.
The adequacy of the compliance program prior to a violation is an interesting measure to compare willful and reckless violations. In general, the inadequacy of compliance is characteristic of a large portion of entities. OFAC classifies at least 86 cases out of 205 as inadequate in terms of compliance. Only nine cases are adequate. The remaining 110 cases are not classified. In 32 cases of willful violations 17 overlap with a fragile compliance program, while in the case of reckless violations 50 out of 76 indicate a similar problem. In other words, the data show that the inadequacy of the compliance program prior to violation is more characteristic of reckless rather than willful violations.
Another interesting measure to compare the two ways of behavior is voluntary self-disclosure of a violation by a company. In general, most of the persons under OFAC investigations do not disclose their violations voluntarily (132 cases out of 205). In 67 cases out of 205 there was a voluntary self-disclosure. Only 10 willful violations were disclosed volunarily, 20 were not, and two were not classified. In the case of reckless violations, 49 out of 76 cases were not disclosed volunarily, while 27 of out 76 cases were. In sum, both willful and reckless violations are usually not disclosed voluntarily.
The existing data do not provide enough evidence to support Hypothesis 1. Definitely, in some cases there is a rational (willful) plan to commit a violation, but the share of such occasions is small and accounts for only 16% of all cases. As for reckless violations, it is difficult to state whether they were rationally planned in advance. The fact that more than half of them (43 of 76) are non-egregious according to OFAC may mean that these violations are the result of inaccuracy, unintended actions, complex business environment, and other factors. In general, only 43 cases (willful, reckless, and other) out of 205 are egregious, while 106 are not, and the other 56 cases cannot be classified. The overall share of egregious cases is 21%. This distribution rather disproves Hypothesis 1 than supports it. However, there is a relatively small share of companies which are clearly acting rationally to violate the rules.
It is difficult to say why both willful and reckless violators tend rather not to disclose their misconduct voluntarily. Clearly, there may be a rational reason for such a pattern of behavior. However, this may also be the result of unawareness. There is not enough data to identify the motivations, yet it is clear that a weak compliance program leads directly to higher vulnerability to violations, whether rational or not.
Testing Hypothesis 2.
To check the measure of compliance during OFAC investigations and afterwards three groups of variables were analyzed. The first one indicates whether individuals and entities cooperate with OFAC after their violations have become evident. In 144 cases out of 205 (70.2%) there was at least one or more manifestations of cooperative efforts on the side of business. In 105 cases companies signed tolling agreements with OFAC. In 92 cases OFAC noticed that companies cooperated and promptly responded to the requests. Only eight companies failed to do so. In another 105 observations OFAC does not mention this, which means that it is not regarded as a mitigating factor (but it is not an aggravating one, either). On 43 occasions OFAC stated that companies had provided relevant information, and only in six cases OFAC officials specially pointed out that entities had failed to do so. In another 156 cases OFAC did not mention this factor either as mitigating or aggravating. These data show that companies tend to cooperate with OFAC during the investigation and that only a few of them fail to do so. The absence of OFAC assessments in many cases may mean that a person’s behavior under investigation was at least not assessed as an aggravating factor.
The second group of variables includes measures taken by businesses to guarantee that violations will not occur in the future. In 132 cases out of 205 (64.3%) companies took at least some measures to improve compliance with U.S. sanctions regimes. Only three entities failed to do so. In another 70 cases OFAC made no assessments, which means that this is not regarded as an aggravating factor. Settlement agreements contain information on specific measures to improve compliance. These data are incomplete. Apparently, OFAC has been more attentive to this information since 2018, and some data are available already for earlier cases. However, even the available data show some principal tendencies in companies’ efforts to persuade OFAC that the risk of future violations is being treated seriously. In 32 cases compliance programs emerged from scratch as a remedial measure. In another 58 cases compliance programs were upgraded to a new level. Overall, there were 90 cases when compliance measures were devised or improved to meet OFAC requirements: eight companies initiated external audit of their compliance; seven companies conducted audit of their partner companies; four companies requested that their partners provide compliance procedures; 28 companies conducted personnel training; 13 companies installed new software to check transactions for sanctions risk; eight companies published manuals to educate their staff about sanctions; five companies fired employees responsible for sanctions violation; 15 companies hired additional compliance staff; and four companies increased sanctions compliance budgets. Although these data are incomplete and real remedial measures may be more extensive, they clearly indicate that remedial measures taken to avoid the risk of future violations is a regular and normal pattern of behavior.
The third kind of variables involves the history of violations. If OFAC enforcement actions against specific companies and individuals were ineffective, one would expect to observe cases emerging in the database several times. It is the policy of OFAC to regard the cases of new violations within five years after the previous one as an aggravating factor, while the absence of sanctions history for five years is considered a mitigating factor. According to OFAC data, in 162 cases sanctions history was not regarded as an aggravating factor and only in one case it was. The other 42 cases were not classified, which means that sanctions history is at least not treated as an aggravating factor. There are some companies which appear in the database several times; nine companies made settlement agreements with OFAC twice in ten years, but OFAC does not qualify this as an aggravating factor, taking into account the fact that the violations are more than five years apart. Repeated violations are rare.
In general, these data show that cooperation with OFAC changes the behavior of companies both during and after the investigation. Business tends to be more compliant with U.S. sanctions programs, as has been suggested by Hypothesis 2.
CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION
An attempt to study the efficiency of sanctions in terms of the “business-centric” approach revealed a number of empirical observations. Firstly, there is no clear evidence that an intentional (rational) violation of sanctions is a widely spread pattern of conduct. At least this is true for 205 companies and individuals which faced an OFAC investigation in the past ten years. There are companies which violate rules willfully. However, much more violations result from reckless behavior. On many occasions recklessness is seemingly not the result of an initial strategy to decrease compliance costs, but rather comes from inaccuracy, unawareness, or poor compliance programs. Non-egregious violations prevail, which disproves the assumption about rationality as the main cause of violations. However, willful violations do occur and require a thorough case-study research. Apparently, the behavior of businesses which leads to violations differs from that of states. The latter may violate sanctions regulations for the sake of national or security interests, that is, they act more rationally than business which tends to act recklessly rather than willfully. These differences require further empirical verification.
Secondly, there is enough evidence that businesses significantly change their behavior during the investigation and afterwards. This is a regular pattern of behavior. It shows that OFAC measures are effective vis a vis business. Businesses’ behavior is much different from that of states, as described in the literature. While targeted states often show commitment to the behavior which had led to sanctions, businesses rather show conformity and agreeableness. Non-conformism cases are exceptional.
These results, however, are still limited. First, the data on businesses cover only those of them which experienced OFAC investigations. There are far more companies that may change their intentions to violate the regulations, being threatened by an investigation or communicating with OFAC and other regulators in other ways. Also, the database presented in this study does not cover OFAC’s SDN-measures against violators, which could reveal different patterns of behavior.
There are some important methodological issues. The first and most acute one is the lack of information and a considerable amount of missing values. Future research could aim at a more sophisticated statistical analysis of the existing data. Also, it would be reasonable to study more profoundly the specific cases in qualitative terms.
Bapat, N.A., Heinrich, T., Kobayashi, Y. and Morgan, C., 2013. Determinants of Sanctions Effectiveness: Sensitivity Analysis Using New Data. International Interactions, 39 (1), pp. 79-98. DOI: 10.1080/03050629.2013.751298
Connolly, R., 2015. The Impact of EU Economic Sanctions on Russia. In: Dreyer, I. and Luengo-Cabrera, J. On Target? EU Sanctions as Security Policy Tools. Paris Institute for Security Studies, Report No. 25, pp. 29-38.
Connolly, R., 2018. Russia’s Response to Sanctions. How Western Economic Statecraft Is Reshaping Political Economy in Russia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cooper, Z. and Lorber, E., 2016. The Right Way to Sanction China. The National Interest, Vol. 142, March-April, pp. 36-42.
Crozet, M. and Hinz, J., 2016. Collateral Damage: The Impact of the Russia Sanctions on Sanctioning Countries Exports, CEPII Working Paper, June.
Darsey, J. and Stulberg, A., 2019. Deaf Ears and the U.S.-EU-Russia Sanctions Tangle: Contending Strategic Discourses and Mutual Emboldenment. International Organizations Research Journal. Forthcoming.
Drezner, D., 1999. The Sanctions Paradox: Economic Statecraft and International Relations. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Drezner, D., 2015. Targeted Sanctions in a World of Global Finance. International Interactions, 41(4), pp. 755-764. DOI: 10.1080/03050629.2015.1041297
Early, B. and Preble, K., 2018. Enforcing Economic Sanctions: Analyzing How OFAC Punishes Violators of U.S. Sanctions. SSRN Papers [online]. Available at: <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3306653> [Accessed 21 May 2019]
Economic Sanctions Enforcement Guidelines, 2009. Federal Register, 74 (2015), Monday, November 9. Available at: <https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Documents/fr74_57593.pdf> [Accessed 19 May 2019]
Fritsz, O, Christen, E., Sinabell, F., and Hinz, J., 2017. Russia’s and the EU’s Sanctions: Economic and Trade Effects, Compliance and the Way Forward. Brussels: Directorate-General for External Policies.
Giumelli, F., 2016. The Purposes of Targeted Sanctions. In: Beirsteker, T., Eckert, S. and Tourihno, M. (eds). Targeted Sanctions. The Impacts and Effectiveness of United Nations Action. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Graaf, T. van de, 2013. The “Oil Weapon” Reversed? Sanctions Against Iran and U.S.-EU Structural Power. Middle East Policy, 20(3), pp. 145-163.
Grauvogel J. and Soest Ch. Von, 2014. Claims to Legitimacy Count: Why Sanctions Fail to Instigate Democratization in Authoritarian Regimes. European Journal of Political Research, 53(4), pp. 635-653. DOI: 10.1111/1475-6765.12065
Hinz, J., 2017. The Cost of Sanctions: Estimating Lost Trade with Gravity. Kiel Working Paper, No. 2093, November.
Hufbauer, G., Shott, J., Elliott, K., 1990. Economic Sanctions Reconsidered: History and Current Policy. Second Edition. Washington DC: Peterson Institute for International Economics.
Hufbauer, G., Shott, J., Elliott, K., and Oegg, B., 2009. Economic Sanctions Reconsidered. Third Edition. Washington DC: Peterson Institute for International Economics.
Jaeger, M.D., 2018. Coercive Sanctions and International Conflicts. London and New York: Routledge.
Jazairi, I., 2015. Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Negative Impact of Unilateral Coercive Measures on the Enjoyment of Human Rights. United Nations General Assembly Human Rights Council Thirty Session.
Jazairi, I., 2018. Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Negative Impact of Unilateral Coercive Measures on the Enjoyment of Human Rights on His Mission to the Syrian Arabic Republic. United Nations General Assembly Human Rights Council Thirty-Sixth Session.
Kaempfer, W. and Lowenberg, A.D., 2007. The Political Economy of Economic Sanctions. In: Sandler, T. and Hartley, K. (eds.) Handbook of Defense Economics, Vol. 2, Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Kholodilin, K., and Netsunaev, A., 2016. Crimea and Punishment: The Impact of Sanctions on Russian and European Economies. Berlin: German Institute of Economic Research, April 11.
Kholodilin, K and Netsunaev, A., 2017 Crimea and Punishment: The Impact of Sanctions on Russian and European Economies. Eesti Pank Working Papers, No. 5.
Kim, H., 2014 Stifled Growth and Added Suffering. Tensions Inherent in Sanctions Policies against North Korea. Critical Asian Studies, 46(1), pp. 91-112.
Maloney, S., 2015. Sanctions and the Iranian Nuclear Deal: Silver Bullet or Blunt Object? Social Research, 82(4), pp. 887-911.
Marinov, N., Nili, Sh., 2014. Sanctions and Democracy. International Interactions, 41, pp. 765-778.
Moret, E., Giumelli, F. and Bastiat-Jarosz, D., 2017. Sanctions on Russia: Impacts and Economic Costs on the U.S. Geneva International Sanctions Network, March.
Nephew, R., 2018. The Art of Sanctions. A View from the Field. New York: Columbia University Press.
Neuenkirch, M. and Neumeier, F., 2015. The Impact of UN and U.S. Economic Sanctions on GDP Growth. European Journal of Political Economy, 40, pp. 110-125.
Pape, R.A., 1997. Why Economic Sanctions Do Not Work. International Security, 22(2), pp. 90-136.
Rosenberg, E., Goldman, Z., Drezner, D. and Solomon-Strauss, J., 2016. The New Tools of Economic Warfare. Effects and Effectiveness of Contemporary U.S. Financial Sanctions. Centre for a New American Security, April.
Spadoni, P., 2010. Failed Sanctions: Why the U.S. Embargo Against Cuba Could Never Work. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
Timofeev, I., 2019. Europe under the Fire from U.S. Secondary Sanctions. Valdai Club’s Special Report for SPIEF-2019. Available at: <http://valdaiclub.com/a/reports/europe-under-fire/> [Accessed 25 May 2019]
Tourinho, M., 2015. Towards a World Police? The Implications of Individual Targeted Sanctions. International Affairs, 91(6), pp. 1399-1412.
Whang, T., 2011. Playing to the Home Crowd? Symbolic Use of Economic Sanctions in the United States. International Studies Quarterly, 55, pp. 787-801. | <urn:uuid:7e2d11a0-544c-4924-a91b-7bbd761a6e27> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://eng.globalaffairs.ru/articles/rethinking-sanctions-efficiency/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.938621 | 8,410 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Do a weekly clean-out/start a fridge inventory:- Remove any spoiled items or items you're unlikely to use.- Make a list of everything remaining in your fridge along with their expiration dates. - As you use items, erase them from your inventory. When you add to your fridge, add to the inventory. In this way, you track what you have and what needs to be eaten.
Use clear containers and bins: Fridge containers will help you group items so nothing gets lost in your newly organized fridge. Remove packaging from items and store them in food storage bins, bags, beeswax wrap, airtight glass containers, stasher bags/reusable silicone bags, etc. This saves space and makes things easier to find. When storing individual items, use stackable ball glass jars and containers. Label the various organizer bins and containers, too, so you always know what is there.
Adjust your shelves: If you start placing the same items/storage containers in the same places each week, adjusting your shelves to fit these will make the most of your refrigerator space. For example, the shelf I use for dairy and eggs is much smaller than the one I use for fresh produce.
Use shelf liners: Shelf liners are amazing for fridge clean-up. If there are any spills or messes, you can just lift out the liner and wipe it off.
How to Organize a Fridge
Top Shelf: The upper shelves have the most consistent temperatures and are great for storing pre-cooked foods.- Leftovers & meal prepped dishes- Ready-to-eat foods- Deli meats/fish
The Middle Shelves: Store items that do well with consistent, cold temperatures.- Milk, cream, cheese (stored together in a food "bin"), butter (this will store in the doors, too, as it doesn't require consistent temperatures), yogurt, eggs, cold drink, etc.
The Lower Shelf: The lower shelves are great for the produce spillover from your crisper drawers.
The Bottom Shelf: Reserve the bottom shelf for all raw meat and seafood as it's the coldest part of your refrigerator and has consistent temperatures. It will also reduce the risk of cross-contamination from any dripping meat/fish.
The Doors: The fridge doors are the warmest part of your fridge and are subject to constant temperature fluctuations as they're opened and closed multiple times throughout the day. Keep:- Condiments (ketchup, mayo, mustard, hot sauce, etc.)- Bottled water and soft drinks- Salad dressings and pickled foods- Butter and spreads (these actually don't require constant cold temperature)- Homemade nut butters and nut flours (if you store them in the refrigerator)
Crisper Drawers: the drawers are best for your fresh produce (veggies and fruits) that require refrigeration. Check the blog post for a complete list.
Before using any of the above refrigerator organization ideas, it's best to give the refrigerator a good clean. Remove all the shelves and drawers and wash them in hot, soapy water.If you have any lingering smells in the refrigerator, place a baking sheet with a thin layer of baking soda (or coffee grounds/oats) into the fridge to help absorb odors. A bowl of white vinegar also works well.Freezer Organization Ideas
Use storage bins for your freezer to separate types of food (veggies, meat, desserts, etc.).
Portion items for easier thawing (i.e., prepare portions of veggies or meat in separate containers).
Store any prepared produce in freezer bags or airtight, stackable containers.
Store items vertically instead of flat to make the most of the space.
Check the blog post for more tips, ideas for how to separate fruit and veggies, and how to store soft herbs and leafy greens!
Recipe on Alphafoodie: https://www.alphafoodie.com/fridge-organization/ | <urn:uuid:b839da7b-cc77-47f9-8323-2ec01d87d08e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.alphafoodie.com/wprm_print/recipe/72420 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.903197 | 822 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Last Thursday, the USA Us senate passed S. 1253, the Stopping Online Sales of E-Cigarettes to Kid Act, which has actually been pitched to the general public as a method of calling for on-line e-cigarette merchants to validate ages of clients, consisting of calling for a trademark and also ID upon shipment.
As is commonly the situation, words of political leaders commonly contravene the language in the costs they sustain. This regulations would certainly additionally outlaw the USPS from delivery vaping items– requiring customers and also services to make use of much more costly and also much less reputable choices supplied by FedEx and also UPS– and also call for also the tiniest of vaping item firms to follow an oriental collection of policies legislations and also policies established by both the government and also state federal governments.
The USA remains in the center of an epidemic that has actually properly changed the manner in which items are provided. COVID-19 has actually guided several firms to supply contactless shipment and also this Act would certainly call for vehicle drivers and also the general public to communicate– unquestionably disregarding social distancing method. In addition, this Act comes with a time when increasingly more American grownups are counting on mail shipment for home products and also will merely include even more problem to an already-burdened mail system.
Although looking for to minimize young people e-cigarette usage is admirable, this Act neglects information that suggest many young people make use of “social resources” to get cigarette items, consisting of legal-age loved ones. Without a doubt, a research study by the USA Fda discovered 89 percent of 15 to 17 years, counted on providing cash to another person to buy e-cigarettes. These social resources pointed out consisted of “older brother or sisters, buddies, moms and dads and also also unfamiliar people.”
Merely, S. 1253 would certainly problem the United States mailing system and also is not likely to minimize young people use. It would certainly additionally needlessly place shipment vehicle drivers and also the general public at a higher threat of COVID-19.
The Customer Supporters for Smoke-free Alternatives Organization’s Phone call to Activity for S. 1253 continues to be open for vapers and also injury decrease supporters to do something about it. | <urn:uuid:d34edf47-9334-4880-9f5a-9a749bb0ab9b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.marijuanamag.net/s-1253-will-harm-adult-vapers-and-will-not-reduce-youth-e-cigarette-use/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.966024 | 481 | 1.96875 | 2 |
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We have interesting days ahead with Hutchison operating as the third stevedore at Port Botany and incumbent stevedores (DP World and Patrick) continuing to invest in equipment to improve efficiency.
With the cap on the port’s container throughput removed as a part of the 99 year lease arrangements to NSW Ports, the scene is set for an efficient and more competitive stevedoring environment. The likelihood is that we will see improved efficiency on the ship side of the operations to deal with the long term projected growth in trade volume … but how will the landside cope?
Clearly, the rail interface and use of intermodal terminals will be vital in meeting the demand and alleviating traffic congestion in the port precinct.
So what are some current issues for consideration?
The Sydney Ports Corporation did what many thought was not possible in establishing a new operational framework at Port Botany.
To the credit of transport operators and stevedores, all responded positively to the new disciplines associated with the Port Botany Landside Improvement Strategy (PBLIS). The result being improved truck turnaround times and the port being virtually free of waiting time detention fees.
Prior to PBLIS, industry was desperately looking at alternatives to the road interface and hence rail was considered and utilised by many importers, exporters and their intermediary service providers.
Now that the road interface is humming along, the rail alternative is not so attractive due to comparative higher costs, delays and lack of predictability in staging availability.
Assuming that Hutchison takes a reasonable share of business from the incumbent stevedores, the pressure on stevedore container receipt and delivery processes should if anything further ease … at least until the economy picks up again and overall volumes increase to meet long projected volumes.
Is it therefore reasonable to assume that over the short to medium term that road service delivery at Port Botany is likely further improve?
I suppose the answer depends on what resources the stevedores allocate to the landside task as a part of their remodelling to manage their revised volumes.
So assuming that we will have an efficient road landside operation for the foreseeable future, how will this stack up against rail?
Aligning windows, competing with passenger movements and the fact that the stevedores have separate sidings makes it virtually impossible for rail to offer the same service predictability and costs.
The previous NSW Government at one stage suggested implementation of an artificial pricing mechanism to inflate the cost of road movement in order to make rail more commercially attractive. This is not a desirable outcome. Surely the international trade sector is subject to enough fees and taxes.
It will be interesting to see what strategic direction is taken by NSW Ports.
What are your thoughts?
*Paul Zalai will be chairing AusIntermodal 2013, to be held on the 9th & 10th October in Sydney. | <urn:uuid:d4da377e-3357-45e1-9796-9be05c8c4520> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.informa.com.au/insight/industry-insights-what-strategies-will-we-see-for-nsw-ports/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.943683 | 698 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Does war really achieve anything? It is worth the pain, the loss of life, the legacy of hate and fear? Or does it just bolster narrow, short-term interests? At the expense of long-term wellbeing and sustainability?
War is often portrayed as ‘defence’, but is it true? Has out-of-control military spending become the greatest national security concern? Is the ever-hungry military-industrial complex scaring us into becoming our own worst enemy? Has the so-called ‘War on Terror’ become an even greater terror?
In the age of climate disruption, floods, droughts and food shortages, we must not let violence overtake us. Can we learn how to resolve conflict without making false excuses and pretexts for war? For our children's sake?
Peace does not mean inaction, simply avoiding conflict. Let's work together to build peace in our homes, our communities, our world...
Don't want to repeat the horrors of wars, past and present? Please join and support the peace groups and organizations of your choosing:
Interpersonal aggression, violence, bullying
“We're one finger away from peace.” — Rather than blaming others, can we change our own attitude?
“We can bomb the world to pieces, but we can't bomb it into peace.” — Michael Franti
“Work for peace, not war.” Source: Wikimedia Commons
”Learn and speak up for peace. The more of us who do, the more it will happen.”
“Is it possible that we're being manipulated by our emotions? Like when we watch major league sports... it feels great to be part of the team. Except for here, it's far from fun and games. In our shrinking world, is war obsolete? Nationalism, ecocide, genocide... who is the real 'enemy'? Arms industry profiteering? Fear itself? List of US wars | Canada wars | Addicted to War
“Does it respect the dead, to choose a path to perpetual war? How can we be the greatest nation on Earth? By leading to peace... ”
“War, or civilization. Which will it be?”
“Peace rests in yourself. Find this one place in your heart — so you can return anytime, if needed.” — Simon Matzinger
Note: The above is provided on an "As Is" basis and for general informational purposes only. People and Planet (also known as "GoodWork") is not responsible for the content, accuracy, timeliness, completeness, legality, reliability, quality or suitability of this posting. We do not screen or endorse the organizations or individuals involved. If you decide to accept an offer of employment, volunteering or any other arrangement, you do so at your own risk and it is your responsibility to take all protective measures to guard against injury, abuse, non-payment or any other loss. Please read our full Terms & Conditions. | <urn:uuid:ea7015f9-f5f8-495a-878c-12f30d404b79> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.goodwork.ca/a/peace-groups-and-peace-organizations-55152 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.930375 | 625 | 2 | 2 |
Stir the flour, sugar and salt together in a large bowl. Grate or shred the cold butter over the flour mixture, stopping occasionally to toss butter with flour mixture. When the whole stick of butter has been added, stir mixture with a fork or use your fingers to make the mixture evenly coarse.
Add water 1 tablespoon at a time and stir with a heavy duty scraper until dough comes together. Shape into ball. Wrap in plastic and keep chilled until ready to use or use immediately.
Filling: Separate syrup from cherries and measure out 3/4 cup of the syrup.
In a large saucepan, stir together sugar and cornstarch. Whisk in the cherry syrup, then set over medium heat. Whisk the mixture until it thickens and becomes translucent. Remove from heat and stir in butter, lemon juice and extract, then stir in the drained cherries.
Pie Assembly: Preheat the oven to 400 degrees F. and put a heavy rimmed baking sheet in the oven. You'll be baking the pie on the hot, preheated cookie sheet (which is supposed to help keep the crust crisp).
On a lightly floured surface, roll dough into a 12 inch circle. Transfer to a 9 inch round pie tin and crimp edges. Pour filling in the center of the pie.
Topping: Combine the flour, oats, sugar, salt and cinnamon in the bowl you used for your pie crust. Add butter and stir until crumbly, then sprinkle over pie filling.
Set the pie on the hot baking sheet and put it in the oven.
Reduce the heat to 375 degrees F. and bake for 40 minutes. Check after 30 minutes to make sure your crumb topping isn't browning too quickly. If it is, lay a sheet of foil over it.
Let the pie cool before serving. | <urn:uuid:22e312a6-1f01-41d1-92fb-3e78f60db4b1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cookiemadness.net/wprm_print/recipe/30184 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.902085 | 381 | 1.75 | 2 |
About The Artist
Ken Christensen is a classic, on-site landscape painter with influences filtered down from the French Impressionists and Fauves.
He paints with the vision, color, and verve of such painters as Van Gogh, Vlaminck, Marquet and Derain and with the American perspective of Hopper and Benton.
He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1951 and raised in Flint, Michigan.
He attended Michigan State University where he graduated with a B.A. in History in 1974. He was also part of an overseas study program at Bedford College, London and attended the University of Manchester in England for a full year.
After college Mr. Christensen settled in Traverse City, Michigan, where he pursued a career as a freelance artist while also writing for the local newspaper.
His early projects included post cards of historic sites in the area, Christmas cards of people's homes, advertising illustrations, art fairs, and the occasional group exhibits. At the same time he attended art classes at Northern Michigan College in Traverse City.
Frustrated by Michigan's long winters and missing Europe, he moved back to London in 1980.
He remained in Europe for the following nine years. In his early years in Europe he supported himself largely by sketching shops and restaurants in the street.
In the summer of 1981 he launched himself on a long bicycle trip, crossing Holland, Belgium and France and teaching himself French along the way. He then settled in Sollies-Pont on the Cote d' Azur.
The following year he moved to Paris where he remained for the next five years. During this period he attended life drawing classes at the Ecole des Beaux Arts and was also an official copyist at the Louvre Museum, but his greatest education came from associating and working with the marvelous artists of Paris. Mr. Christensen had two one-man shows in Paris as well as St. Tropez where a book of his watercolors, "St. Tropez, Notes et Croquis de Voyages" was published in 1984. He also had two oneman shows in Ivrea, Italy. ?
Originally a watercolor painter, he shifted over to oils during his European years. He also experimented in other techniques, primarily monoprints and blockprints.
In 1986 he moved to San Sebastian, Spain, where he continued to paint and also taught English part time at a private academy.
The following year he met his future wife, Maria Francisca, in her hometown of Granada, Spain. He then lived in Hyeres, France the next two years where he continued to paint and exhibit.
In the summer of 1988 he moved back to the U.S. with his wife to Petoskey, Michigan, a beautiful resort town on Lake Michigan.
The following five years the Christensens alternated their time between summers in Petoskey and winters in Santa Fe, New Mexico where he exhibited at the Linda McAdoo Gallery among others.
During this period he opened The Christensen Gallery in Oden, Michigan, which gave Mr. Christensen a place to exhibit his own work and other artists as well as a large studio in which to work during the Michigan winters.
In an adjacent building he began a used bookstore which prospered and grew.
During this period he also created "The Christensen Puppet Theater" performing in both Newexico and Michigan. Mr. Christensen built the theater and all the puppet's heads; Mrs. Christensen contributing the costumes. With the arrival of two daughters, Claudia and Laura, the migration between Santa Fe and Petoskey became impractical. Staying put in Michigan, Mr. Christensen taught watercolor and printmaking at North Central Michigan College. He also taught drawing and oil painting at the McCune Art Center, and many private workshops in the summer. Once again the Michigan winters became too limiting for a landscape painter and the Christensens moved to San Luis Obispo, California in 1998.
The Central Coast area of California offers a wide variety of subject matter for Mr. Christensen and the climate permits painting on location almost daily year round. He and his work were warmly received in California where he soon found galleries to exhibit his work.
He was rewarded with a large, prestigious exhibit at the San Luis Obispo Art Center in June 2002, entitled "From Where I Stand".
Christensen became a regular participant in local exhibits, winning awards in both watercolor and oil painting exhibits in Paso Robles and San Luis Obispo, as well as teaching workshops in the area. He also became a regular participant in the burgeoning plein air scene, gaining accolades in plein air festivals in San Luis Obispo, La Quinta, and Carmel.
In March 2004, he was the artist in residence at the beautiful Inn at Morro Bay where a large exhibit followed, "Bigger, Bolder, Brighter". His paintings have been featured on the cover of the Daniel Smith catalogue and written about in Artist's Sketchbook Magazine, as well as in local newspapers.
He is the founder of a bold group of painters, The New Fauvist are committed to propagating the style of the great French Fauve painters. Ken is also an author. He has published a collection of letters from his years in Europe in a limited edition. He is also the author of three novels, "The Blue Cabin," written in France in 1981, "Up North With Uncle Bob" written in 1986, and "Joey Appleshoe," published in 2010. His books contain numerous illustrations executed in pen and ink.
Ken Christensen paints with an intensity and bravura that reveals the glory and beauty of even the most mundane scenes.
Rather than the standard post card views, Mr. Christensen seeks out the particular that his personal vision can raise to the universal. | <urn:uuid:3af78d28-c4df-4869-bdf0-5c8dcab68613> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.amsterdamfineart.com/copy-of-alexander-selytin-20 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.978238 | 1,206 | 1.53125 | 2 |
On the previous juicing post, questions were raised about removing the fiber when juicing. We all know that fiber is a good thing and stripping it all away seems to negate some of the health benefits of fruits and vegetables. I am no expert . . I only know what I read and if researching the topic, you will find everything from A – Z and you just have to decide what’s right for you. One seemingly reliable source that I read indicated that some soluble fiber is left in when juicing, while insoluble fiber is removed. I don’t know that I believe it but I do know that when we juice, and I know all juicers are different, but there’s plenty of “substance” in the glass. It isn’t just clear liquid .. there is some amount of pulp getting through.
Healthy eating, whatever path you take, is all about balance. We’re cutting out dinner and substituting juice. We’re still eating a healthy breakfast and lunch. Would I ever recommend giving up three meals a day and juicing only? NO! For dinner . . it seems to make since since we’re not eating a heavy meal at the end of the day.
This was my breakfast:
An apple bran muffin and a smoothie made with homemade kefir, a banana, freshly rolled oats, chia seeds, 5 strawberries and a bit of almond milk. For lunch, we’re having a big salad, along with leftover Cincinnati Chili.
A woman needs about 25 grams of fiber per day. And yes, I do keep up with it. There are plenty of charts available online. One of the my go to sites is Mayo Clinic. If you’ve not paid attention to how much fiber you’re consuming (or how much anything for that matter), it might be interesting to track it for a day or so.
Chia seeds are an excellent source of fiber, as well as other vitamins and minerals. My morning smoothie has 15 grams of chia seeds and 1/3 cup of raw rolled oats. Between those two, I’m getting about 15 grams of fiber, or half of my daily needed amount. Add in 2 grams for the strawberries, 3 grams for the banana and the smoothie alone had 20 grams of fiber. The muffin had 3 grams of fiber so my breakfast alone provided almost the full recommended daily requirement for fiber. We’re having a salad for lunch so that will add more. The chili has pinto beans and one cup of cooked pinto beans has 15 grams of dietary fiber. I’ll probably eat 1/2 cup or let’s just say .. 7 grams. Along with breakfast, just adding the pinto beans and no salad and zero fiber from the juice and I’ve had the 30 grams of fiber I try to consume each day.
I am not the least bit concerned about not getting enough fiber because I know that with the other foods I’m eating, I’m getting plenty. As I mentioned in yesterday’s post, the residue from the fruit/veggies that are juiced either goes back into something I’m cooking, goes to the worms or goes to the chickens. No part of it is wasted.
It’s all about balance and finding what’s right for you. We may not do this forever . . we may do it for a few weeks or months and then stop. But, I do not feel that we’re missing out on anything nutritionally speaking by juicing.
The main drawback for me is that I don’t go out very often. My preference is to go to the grocery store every 2 – 3 weeks but when juicing, I have to go about every 5 days because fruits and veggies just don’t keep that long. Once the garden is producing, I’ll have plenty of veggies for juicing and hopefully we’ll have a bit more fruit this year from the orchard.
The best part for me is that the juicer is easy to clean. Most nights, I just dip the parts in hot soapy water and rinse. There’s one little part that I can usually clean with the spray from the faucet but if it needs a bit of scrubbing, there’s a brush that came with it and that brushes away any debris.
I can’t stress enough that it’s all about balance. | <urn:uuid:488b894e-a1a4-4c2e-bdcc-3d680616bb10> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://patchworktimes.com/2015/01/12/juicing-vs-smoothies/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.953941 | 939 | 1.804688 | 2 |
You've scoured the job boards, sent out stacks of resumes and waited with bated breath for the phone to ring. Then it happens: You get the call for that much-anticipated job interview. Now the pressure's on. It only takes one misstep in the interview to turn off the hiring manager and land on the reject list. Make sure you don't make any of these common mistakes at your next job interview.
1. Going in Unprepared
Do plenty of research on the hiring organization before you go on your job interview. Browse the company website, check out its social media page and search for related news articles. Absorb everything you can about the employees, the company culture and any challenges facing the organization or industry.
2. Arriving Late
Make sure you know where you're going for the interview, and give yourself plenty of time to park, enter and check in with a receptionist. Try to be 10 or 15 minutes early.
3. Putting Yourself Down
Avoid talking negatively about yourself, even if you lack certain skills that the position requires. Instead, remain positive and play up the skill set you do possess.
4. Exhibiting Bad Body Language
Pay attention to your body language throughout the job interview. Sit up straight, and avoid fidgeting with papers, a pencil, your hair or anything else that may distract you.
5. Acting Nervous
It's understandable and acceptable to feel nervous at a job interview, but practicing the answers to common questions prior to your job interview can help you appear more confident.
6. Forgetting About Hygiene
Make sure you're freshly showered on interview day, but don't overdo it with cologne or perfume. Ensure your hair is neatly groomed and your fingernails are clean and trimmed. Make certain you have fresh breath, and avoid smoking directly before the job interview.
7. Speaking Negatively
Keep all your comments positive. If you're asked about a previous employer, avoid the temptation to say anything negative, whether it's about the pay, employees or job duties. Be polite and courteous with everyone you encounter, from the receptionist to the hiring manager.
8. Asking Too Few Questions
Never pass up the opportunity to ask questions during a job interview. Jot down some thoughtful questions ahead of time. Ask about the company culture, inquire about particular job duties or find out about performance evaluations. Use this time to show your enthusiasm for the position and the organization.
If you make a mistake in a job interview, don't panic. Do your best to correct the blunder. If it costs you the job, chalk it up as a valuable lesson, and keep it in mind for next time. Reviewing common mistakes before your next job interview can help you focus on how to present yourself properly and professionally.
Photo courtesy of Sira Anamwong at FreeDigitalPhotos.net | <urn:uuid:1f74b8e0-e014-470c-b158-17b362054fc0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nexxt.com/articles/Avoiding-the-Most-Common-Interview-Mistakes-20329-article.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.91854 | 597 | 2 | 2 |
Hair Development: The Within EditionOctober 27, 2019
Eyelashes have a growth cycle and for numerous individuals, it is not fast enough. Who doesn’t want stunning lengthy thicker eyelashes? It is for this purpose individuals use cosmetics, different kinds of eyelash conditioners and more recently, apply growth serums, and some use untrue eyelashes. While we attempt methods to maximize the growth of our eyelashes, it is disheartening to discover that the eyelashes may be obtaining thinner or even slipping out.
For a long-enduring manicure, a higher-high high quality leading coat is important. Following you end implementing your nail polish, use a topcoat. Follow up with yet another coating of topcoat every other day in order to prevent chipping. When you have a top high quality top rated coat, your lovely manicure will stay for several much more times.
Your lashes will price anywhere between $100 to $300 for a reasonable established and arrive as total strips, bejewelled or in little clusters. You can also get person lashes for lash extensions if you favor this choice, but of program you will require to have these professionally utilized.
If you want your hair, pores and skin and nails to be as wholesome as feasible serum for eyelashes , always eat healthily. Elegance comes from inside and is dependent upon what is place into the body in the way of nourishment. Use selection when preparing a wholesome diet plan. Consuming entire grains and proteins, among other issues, can assist the look of your skin, nails, and hairs.
Lack of iron is accountable for a condition recognized as anemia and hair loss is 1 of the signs and symptoms. To make sure you are getting sufficient iron in your diet, consume lean meats, legumes, nuts, and beans. You can also take iron as a complement. Iron is not water-soluble and if you take as well much, you might suffer constipation and excessive quantities can cause toxicity and even loss of life.
To begin, use concealer and any other products that you normally use. My recommendation is Maybelline’s Instant Age Rewind concealer. Curl cosmetica casera before getting began with this appear.
Fake eyelashes are another item in which will adhere about in recognition in 2010. Years ago fake lashes were not possible to work with, as the adhesive sucked. These times although, the adhesives that come with phony lashes will final all day, and all evening. No slipping, no peeling. If you have short lashes, puff them up with some fake lashes, no one will know they are not really yours.
I pack my Nike sports activities bags and then head inside the fitness center, where my business holds a basketball match is a double round robin tests. Now I do not exactly perform basketball like his Airness, but wear footwear with at least provides me self-confidence that I can get critically hurt. And the joints are not only convenient and simple – they appear like enjoyable, head to colleagues / team mates, but when I go. Many thanks to the finish line coupon codes, they have a 50%25 discount. | <urn:uuid:3b312bd3-c3f2-4880-8427-b07072c6e6c7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://securer.info/hair-development-the-within-edition/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.951092 | 654 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Established in 1976, Maastricht University (UM) is the most international university in the Netherlands. With 20,000 students and 4,400 staff, UM offers a wide choice of bachelor’s, master’s and PhD programmes.
Maastricht University is renowned for excellence and innovation in learning, and scores well in Dutch and international rankings.
Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is UM’s highly interactive approach to learning, that allows students to acquire knowledge as well as skills and competencies, such as critical thinking, cooperation, leadership and research.
Maastricht is located close to the open borders of the Netherlands with Belgium and Germany, in the heart of Europe. The UM has developed intentionally as a truly European University.
The university is bilingual (Dutch & English) and offers a wide range of programmes with a strong international orientation, most of which are taught in English. Over half of the student population and a third of staff is non-Dutch.
With its International Classroom and many student exchange agreements and partnerships around the world, UM is a reputed place for internationalized education.
UM is the coordinator of the Young Universities for the Future of Europe (YUFE) alliance, a strategic partnership between ten young research-intensive universities from as many European countries, which has topped the EC’s European University Initiative. YUFE is in the process of establishing a borderless, student-centred, non-elitist, open and inclusive European University.
UM is also one of the founders of the Young European Research Universities Network (YERUN), which facilitates cooperation in research, education and service to society.
With its many research institutes, UM focuses on multidisciplinary research across faculties. Main research areas are Quality of Life, Learning and Innovation, and Europe in a Globalising World. Research into Data Science, STEM and Sustainability has enjoyed particularly rapid growth in recent years involving the establishment of new institutes and cooperation with many external partners.
UM consists of various campuses:
- Maastricht Inner-City Campus: historic buildings in the old town centre accommodate Business & Economics, Management, Law and Arts & Social Sciences
- Maastricht-Randwyck Campus: Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, Psychology & Neuroscience, Science & Engineering
- Campus Brussels
- UM is a partner in 4 Brightlands campuses, international open innovation communities of 29 entrepreneurs, researchers and students working on sustainability, health and digitalization:
- Chemelot Campus
- Health Campus
- Campus Greenport Venlo
- Smart Services Campus
As a European university with a global outlook, UM is actively engaged with globalization processes and the challenges and problems implied by these.
UM’s membership of WUN is just one expression of this engagement. UM offers educational programs in areas like global studies, global health, globalization and law and globalization and development.
In all UM education programs, attention is paid to the development of global citizenship. Research relevant for global sustainable development is conducted in various areas. Various units in the university work with partners in the global South to address global challenges and pursue the SDGs. | <urn:uuid:b41e5629-7afa-460c-85ed-e313085da38f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wun.ac.uk/wun/members/view/maastricht-university/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.928726 | 675 | 1.609375 | 2 |
This is the first book on this fascinating and important group of insects in Wiltshire. It lists 1839 species with information on locations, dates and names of recorders. The colour illustrations include 125 rare and notable species as well as many that are well known in the county.
Introductory sections cover the history of beetle collecting from a cleric in the early 19th century to modern day professional entomologists, and include the pioneering work carried out at Marlborough and Dauntsey's schools. Major sites are listed and information provided about changes in the fauna. An important section covers the use of beetles in the assessment of woodland and grassland sites.
Dr Michael Darby has been the County Beetle Recorder for 16 years. He is a Council member of the British Entomological and Natural History Society and was formerly on the Council of the Royal Entomological Society. He has published many articles on beetles, and is currently Natural History Editor of Wiltshire Studies. | <urn:uuid:93098289-6fac-4905-98e0-84d68875366f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nhbs.com/wiltshire-beetles-book | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.968167 | 198 | 3.21875 | 3 |
The future of America’s electricity grid hangs in the balance as Democrats try to salvage their giant environmental and social spending bill. After West Virginia Sen. Joe Manchin imperiled Democrats’ Build Back Better bill — which would have transformed the grid and helped stave off catastrophic climate change — environmental advocates are figuring out a plan B.
The most recent version of Democrats’ environment and social spending bill included $555 billion to tackle climate change, which would have been the biggest US investment ever on the crisis. At the heart of the bill was a plan to wean the power grid off fossil fuels. But over the weekend, Manchin (who has earned millions off investments in coal) seemingly killed those plans by saying he would vote with Republicans to block the bill, denying Democrats the 51-vote majority they needed in order to pass it. Manchin’s surprise announcement came after months of negotiations that have already whittled down climate provisions.
President Biden has pledged to cut US carbon emissions in half this decade compared with 2005 levels, and transform the electric grid to run entirely on carbon-free energy by 2035. Many experts considered the policies laid out in the Build Back Better plan critical to meeting those goals. In fact, without it, the US would fall 1.3 billion tons of CO2 equivalent short of its commitment, according to Princeton assistant professor Jesse Jenkins. That’s “a yawning gap that is unlikely to be bridged by executive action or state policy alone,” Jenkins said in a statement.
That said, state policy and executive action are looking increasingly important in wake of this weekend’s setback. At the same time, some environmental advocates are thinking about how to revive Build Back Better’s climate provisions. While the future of US climate policy is less certain than ever, advocates agree on one thing: failure is not an option.
Here’s what might come next:
Maybe it’s because the survival of civilization as we know it depends on taking swift action on the climate crisis, but some clean energy groups are still hellbent on passing a version of the Build Back Better plan. Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY) still plans to hold a vote on the bill early next year.
Between now and then, the bill might go through another ruthless round of trimming. After months of political wrangling, the cost of the spending package fell from $6 trillion to roughly $1.75 trillion. More recently, the tussle has been around a child tax credit that’s folded into the bill, The Washington Post reports. But some experts think the bill’s core climate provision — $320 billion in tax incentives for clean energy technologies — could emerge unscathed. The tax incentives were designed to be palatable to fossil fuel-heavy states because they offer carrots instead of sticks.
“Rhetoric aside, I do think that the clean energy and climate positions in the bill seem to be some of the most popular,” says Leah Rubin Shen, federal policy director at Advanced Energy Economy, an association of clean energy businesses. “There may be opposition to bits and pieces of things around the margins. But the core of it, there doesn’t seem to be a lot of opposition from the caucus.”
If the Build Back Better plan still winds up being a no-go next year, lawmakers might try to pass a standalone bill on climate change and clean energy. “I certainly think that’s going to be resurrected in another legislative vehicle,” Paul Bledsoe, a former Democratic Senate staffer who is now a strategic adviser for the Progressive Policy Institute, told E&E News.
Sam Ricketts, a co-founder and co-director of nonprofit Evergreen Action, says he’s confident that the investments currently outlined in the Build Back Better plan will ultimately pass in some form of a bill. “I don’t even want to turn to trying to think about how difficult it will be to hit our climate goals without them, because then it becomes very difficult,” he says.
States Step Up
Energy experts already knew that there would be more action needed on top of the Build Back Better Act. That’s especially true for plans to makeover the electricity grid, which originally revolved around a federal clean electricity standard. It’s something Republicans had already gutted from the bipartisan infrastructure bill that Congress passed last month. Democrats tried to stick a similar measure into the Build Back Better plan that would both reward utilities for ditching fossil fuels and make them pay for sticking with coal, oil, and gas. But Manchin killed that idea earlier this year, forcing Democrats to pivot to tax incentives.
Now, it’s up to states to step up with their own standards for utility companies. About a dozen states have already passed 100 percent carbon-free electricity requirements. New York and Connecticut, for example, plan to reach 100 percent carbon-free electricity by 2040. Only Rhode Island has made a goal even more ambitious than Biden’s plan for the US’s power sector: it committed to sourcing all of its electricity from renewable energy sources by 2030.
“We’re going to need more [states] to adopt them and we’re gonna need those who have adopted them to accelerate them,” says Ricketts.
In addition to state action, the death of the federal clean energy standard proposal already necessitated more zealous executive action, according to Ricketts. The need is even more pronounced now that the future of the entire Build Back Better plan is uncertain.
The most important executive action Biden can take, according to Ricketts, will be leveraging the EPA’s power to regulate greenhouse gas pollution under the Clean Air Act. It’s what the Obama administration tried to do with the Clean Power Plan, which would have set limits on CO2 emissions for power plants.
But the Supreme Court blocked the implementation of the Clean Power Plan in 2016 as state-level legal challenges played out. Former President Trump eventually tried to replace the Clean Power Plan with a much weaker rule, which a federal court again blocked. With no version of the rule ever implemented and the Supreme Court recently agreeing to review the EPA’s authority to regulate greenhouse gas emissions, the Biden administration may need to get more creative in its approach.
Still, Biden has already made some significant moves through executive powers. The EPA issued tougher fuel efficiency standards yesterday that could prevent 3.1 billion tons of CO2 emissions from heating up the planet through 2050. And earlier this month, Biden signed an executive order setting the federal government on a path toward net-zero emissions from its operations by 2050.
“That may seem sort of a small ball, but the federal government is actually a huge consumer of everything,” Rubin Shen says. That includes purchasing goods and services and using a lot of energy. So whatever the federal government does to clean up its own act could have ripple effects across the rest of the economy.
Environmental advocates also plan to pay close attention to how the Biden administration implements the climate endeavors it has already taken on. The new bipartisan infrastructure law, for instance, includes a $73 billion investment in the grid, with a big focus on new transmission lines that are absolutely vital to bringing more renewable energy online. So there will at least be some action on the ground as advocates press for bigger plans on Capitol Hill. | <urn:uuid:db5331d6-4321-4173-a4ab-8392ad487947> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theverge.com/2021/12/21/22848603/democrats-build-back-better-bill-clean-energy-power-grid-manchin | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.953842 | 1,540 | 2.59375 | 3 |
The main threat may not be from Labour or the Lib Dems – but an uprising of plucky residents’ groups opposing ugly development.
In Gosport, employment is a greater priority than new housing. Top down targets fail to allow for local needs.
The hard paradox is that while older people are electorally powerful – perhaps more than ever – they are also individually vulnerable.
Individuals must be held account. It is the least we owe the relatives and patients. But we should be precise and forensic in focusing on areas where further reforms can make the most impact.
For many voters, local elections boil down to which party will provide the best possible services at the lowest possible cost.
I started to develop a great concern. What if UKIP managed to win enough seats to take over control of the Council? | <urn:uuid:cfe26081-f316-43a0-8c71-f2a8d6ebaf46> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://conservativehome.com/tag/gosport/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.957178 | 164 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Zimbabwe has awarded free-to-air television licenses to six companies as part of government efforts to bring more players into the broadcasting sector that is currently dominated by the public broadcaster.
Broadcasting Authority of Zimbabwe (BAZ) chairman, Charles Sibanda stated that among those awarded licenses was Zimpapers Television Network owned by the state-run diversified media group Zimbabwe Newspapers and Rusununguko Media that would operate as NRTV. Rusununguko is said to be owned by the Ministry of Defence.
Others are Jester Media that would operate as 3K TV, Acacia Media Group trading as Kumba TV, Fairtalk Communications trading as Ke Yona TV and Channel Dzimbahwe trading as Channel D.
Sibanda stated, “The Broadcasting Authority of Zimbabwe wishes to advise the public that the process of licensing new television services has been completed.”
He revealed that the six were selected from a total of 14 companies that had applied for licences.
The new licensees are expected to go on air within the next 18 months or risk losing their licenses.
The latest development is expected to break the monopoly currently enjoyed by the Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation, which presently runs the only television station in the country. | <urn:uuid:82bb4c81-442c-45f5-bb81-9a703b123c96> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://zimbabwe-today.com/zimbabwe-issues-six-new-tv-licences/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.983506 | 254 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Bradford Cathedral facts for kids
Quick facts for kidsBradford Cathedral
|Cathedral Church of St Peter|
The Altar from the Nave
|Lua error in Module:Location_map at line 420: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).|
|Location||Bradford, West Yorkshire|
|Denomination||Church of England|
|Years built||c. 1400–1965|
|Diocese||Leeds (since 2014)|
|Canon Pastor||Mandy Coutts (& Missioner)|
Bradford Cathedral (Cathedral church of St Peter) is the Church of England cathedral in Bradford, West Yorkshire, England, which is built on a site used for Christian worship since the 8th century, when missionaries based in Dewsbury evangelised the area. Until 1919, it was the parish church of St Peter. The cathedral is a Grade I listed building.
The first church on the site was built in Anglo-Saxon times and fell into ruin during the Norman Invasion in 1066. The Norman Lady of the Manor, Alice de Laci, built a second church that three hundred years later would be destroyed by raiding Scots.
During the 14th century the church was rebuilt and some of the older masonry may have been used in the reconstruction of the nave. The nave arcades, the oldest parts of the present building, were completed in 1458. A clerestory above them was added by the end of the 15th century. Chantry chapels were founded, on the north side of the chancel by the Leventhorpe family, and on the south by the owners of Bolling Hall. The tower in the Perpendicular style was added to the west end and finished in 1508. In 1854 Robert Mawer carved a new reredos in Caen stone for the church. There is a photograph of it in the church archive. This reredos was lost during the 1950s rebuild by Edward Maufe.
Originally in the Diocese of York, the church was in the Diocese of Ripon before becoming a cathedral in 1919, when the Diocese of Bradford was created; it became one of three co-equal cathedrals of the new Diocese of Leeds upon its creation on 20 April 2014.
The building was extended in the 1950s and 1960s by Edward Maufe. The east end of the Cathedral (shown in the photo) is Maufe's work, but he reused the Morris & Co. stained glass from the old east window—there is therefore Victorian stained glass throughout the building including at the west end a window showing the women of the Bible. The many wall monuments include a sculpture by John Flaxman. Maufe also extended the west of the Cathedral on either side of the tower.
In 1987 the nave and west end were re-ordered so as to provide the setting and amenities needed for the increasing number of visitors and the many varied occasions when large numbers of people come to the Cathedral. New entrances were made through the tower walls to the offices and Song Room. The roof panelling was cleaned and restored and new lighting was installed. To enable flexibility of use the Victorian pews were replaced by chairs. The nave organ was removed to give more light and space at the west end, and a Bradford Computer Organ was installed, complementing the pipe organ in the choir with loudspeakers in the nave.
The hassocks were embroidered by people from many parishes in the Diocese. They depict Christian symbols and also a woolsack and the White Rose of York. The finest embroidery is seen on the cushions in the Sanctuary and the Choir.
At the beginning of the 21st century, the cathedral authorities decided to develop a museum of religion in St Peter's House (built in the 19th century as Bradford's main Post Office). The visitor numbers were much lower than expected and the project collapsed leaving the cathedral in debt, from which it was discharged in 2007. St Peter's House is now owned by a South Asian arts group, Kala Sangam.
The cathedral is set in a small conservation area which includes the close to its north. The close provides modern housing for the Dean and Canons Residentiary, the Bishop's official residence, Bishopcroft, being in Heaton, approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) from the city centre.
The cathedral and its predecessors were built on the shelf of alluvial land that had formed on the outside of the bend where Bradford Beck turns north, but the town grew up on the lower ground on the other side of the beck, so the church was always just outside the centre of town. In the 19th and 20th centuries the cathedral was partly hidden from the centre by buildings, first by the Post Office just below it, and subsequently by the 1960s developments of Forster Square and Petergate. The latter areas were demolished in 2006, and leaving the cathedral more visible than for many years prior to the completion of the Broadway Centre in 2015.
The cathedral is a Grade I listed building.
Dean and chapter
As of 30 November 2020:
- Dean — Jerry Lepine (since 14 July 2013)
- Canon Precentor — Paul Maybury (since 11 September 2016 installation)
- Canon for Mission and Pastoral Development (i.e. Pastor and Missioner) — Mandy Coutts (since 18 January 2015 installation)
Bradford Cathedral has long been a place of music. During term-time, Choral Services are sung as follows: Sunday 10.15 am Choral Eucharist (rotates girls/adults, boys/adults or Cathedral Consort); Sunday 4.00 pm Choral Evensong (rotates boys/adults, girls/adults or Lay Clerks); Monday 5.45 pm Choral Evensong (girls and adults); Tuesday 5.45 pm Choral Evensong (boys and adults); Thursday 5.45 pm Choral Evensong (girls or boys, alternating weekly).
The boys and girls of the Choir sing as separate top lines and are drawn from as many as 20 local schools at any time. New entrants spend a couple of terms as a probationer, receiving basic training in singing and musicianship, before progressing to full membership. Full Choristers have the opportunity to take up individual, free-of-charge tuition in singing, musicianship, theory or piano on a 1:1 basis each week. The lay clerks of the Choir are highly skilled volunteers, most of whom make their living outside of music. In September 2015 residential choral scholarships were introduced. The Cathedral Consort, a high standard chamber choir consisting of adult sopranos and lay clerks, completes the Choral Foundation.
In addition to the schedule above, the Choir also performs other concerts and services within and outside the diocese. Although foreign tours have been undertaken, the most recent being to Barcelona in 2010 and Bavaria in 2008, touring more recently has been within the UK, with the girls and boys each undertaking a residential tour annually, with or without the choir adults. Tours have been undertaken in recent years to Bristol, Worcester, Edinburgh and Durham.
The girls and men are involved with the annual Yorkshire Cathedrals' Girls' Choirs' Festival and hosted the Festal Evensong in March 2015. The boy choristers had not been involved with the Yorkshire Three Choirs Festival since 1981, but with the recent renaissance of an independent boys' top-line at the Cathedral they, along with the lay clerks, were re-included in this annual festival from October 2015. Bradford Cathedral hosted the Festival in October 2016.
In July 2012, the Choir recorded two services for the BBC Radio 2 Sunday Half Hour programme, which were broadcast in Autumn 2012, and the girls and men sang live for BBC Radio 4 Sunday Worship in December 2012. The Choir recorded a CD of Evening Canticles, including Humphrey Clucas's 'Bradford Service' in November 2013, and February 2014 saw the Choir recording two programmes of BBC Songs of Praise, airing on 2 March 2014 and Palm Sunday, 13 April 2014. Since 2015, the Choir has performed annually with the European Union Chamber Orchestra, singing Vivaldi's Gloria, Haydn's Little Organ Mass, and Schubert's Mass No. 2 in G major.
A specification of the William Hill pipe organ(1904), with later modifications by Hill, Norman & Beard (1961) and J. W. Walker (1977) can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register. A flourishing series of Organ Recitals takes place on many Wednesday lunchtimes throughout the year at 1.00pm, attracting many well-known players. An Organ Appeal was launched in February 2013, aiming to raise £250,000 over several years, in order to secure the continued reliability of the instrument, as well as making possible several tonal adjustments. A. J. Carter of Wakefield and Andrew Cooper are working in conjunction to carry out this work on a phased basis over the coming years. The first phase, entailing the substantial upgrading of the console, was carried out in October 2014. The second phase, to clean, revoice and extend the Chancel (Positive) Division, was completed in the first half of 2018.
Organists and Directors of Music
- John Simpson c. 1820 – 1860
- Absalom Rawnsley Swaine c. 1861 – 1893
- Henry Coates 1893–1939
- Charles Hooper 1939–1963
- Keith Vernon Rhodes 1963–1981
- Geoffrey John Weaver 1982–1986
- Alan Graham Horsey 1986–2002
- Andrew Teague 2003–2011
- Alexander Woodrow 2012–2016
- Alexander Berry 2017–present
Sub Organists and Assistant Directors of Music
- Martin D. Baker 1982-2004 (Asst. Organist)
- Jonathan Kingston 1997-2000 (Sub Organist)
- Paul Bowen 2004–2011 — Paul Bowen held the office of Cathedral Organist from late 2011 to late 2014
- David Condry 2009–2012
- Jonathan Eyre 2012–2016
- Jon Payne 2016–2018
- Ed Jones 2018–2019
- Graham Thorpe 2019–present
Images for kids
Bradford Cathedral Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia. | <urn:uuid:fc173731-fc3a-4012-9366-ddf6d3a0f15e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kids.kiddle.co/Bradford_Cathedral | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.963292 | 2,219 | 3.15625 | 3 |
- Imagine you are the HR manager at a company, and a female employee came to you upset because she felt a male coworker was creating a hostile work environment by repeatedly asking her out on dates even after she said “no”. What would you do?
- Write a plan for how would you approach your conversation with each employee, including the most essential topics to cover. As you write your plan, think about what your goals are for this situation, and how each conversation will help you achieve those goals.
Write a seven (7) paragraph paper in which you:
- Write a plan for the conversation you would have with the employee, based on the concepts found in your textbook. What are the most important points you would need to cover in this conversation, and why?
- Write a plan for the conversation you would have with the employee’s male co-worker, based on the concepts found in your textbook. What are the most important points you would need to cover in this conversation, and why?
- Include at least 1 reference to support your paper.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
- Explain the human resource management process, its role in supporting the overall organizational strategies, and the various functions involved in human resource management.
- Explain the key provisions of major government legislation affecting human resource management, including equal employment opportunity, affirmative action, health and safety, and labor relations.
- Use technology and information resources to research issues in human resource management.
- Write clearly and concisely about human resource management using proper writing mechanics. | <urn:uuid:2b27a61a-465b-4a31-97d4-8cc08e2df868> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://quicktermpapers.com/tough-conversations-paper-human-resource-management-homework-help/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.969411 | 323 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Spaces is an S3-compatible object storage service that lets you store and serve large amounts of data. Each Space is a bucket for you to store and serve files. The free, built-in Spaces CDN minimizes page load times, improves performance, and reduces bandwidth and infrastructure costs.
To use Transmit, you need:
Launch the Transmit application by clicking on its icon in the dock, or double-clicking its icon in your Applications folder. Transmit will open and display a window with your local filesystem on the left, and an SFTP connection pane on the right:
Click the Protocol selection menu, highlighted above, then select Amazon S3. This will bring up the form for connecting to an S3-compatible server. Fill in the following details:
digitaloceanspaces.com. For nyc3, for example, fill in
nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.comfor this value.
When all filled out, the connection pane should look similar to this:
Click the green Connect button to connect to Spaces. Transmit will connect, then display a list of your Spaces (if you left the Remote Path option blank):
If you have not yet created a Space, this will be empty. In the above screenshot we have one space called example-name. Let’s use Transmit to make a Space next.
To create a new Space with Transmit 5, first move to the root directory where all your Spaces are listed. You can do this by clicking the
____.digitaloceanspaces.com item all the way on the left of the breadcrumb trail at the top of the right-hand pane:
Once you’ve done that, click on the File menu, then choose New Bucket…. A bucket is the S3-compatible name for an individual Space.
A dialog will pop up, asking for a bucket name and location.
Choose any name that fits the guidelines mentioned in the dialog. Leave the default Location value as is. Click Create and your new bucket will be created and added to the list.
digitaloceanspaces.com, Transmit will give you an error. If this happens, try another name.
Next, we’ll navigate into our new Space and add some files.
Double-click on the folder that represents your Space. This will open it and list its contents in the right-hand pane:
To upload a file, first navigate through your local filesystem using the left-hand side of the Transmit window. When you’ve found a suitable file to upload (pick something like a JPG or HTML file, so we can test in the browser), click and drag it from the left-hand pane to the right. It will copy over to your Space and show up in the directory listing on the right-hand side.
You can also drag and drop files directly from the macOS Finder.
Next, we’ll test permissions and learn how to make files publicly accessible.
By default, the files in your Spaces are not made available to the public. Let’s find the public URL for a file and see what happens when we try to load it in a web browser. In the right-hand pane, after navigating to your Space, click once on a file you’d like to view. This will select the file. Then click on the Edit menu and select Copy URL. The URL will be copied to your clipboard. Alternately, you can right-click on the item and select Copy URL from the contextual menu:
Switch over to your browser, paste the URL into the location bar, and hit
ENTER. An AccessDenied error will load:
To remedy this, we need to change the Read permissions on this file. Back in Transmit, with the file still selected, use the File menu to choose Get Info (you could also use a right-click here). Depending on your settings a panel will slide out of the current window, or a new window will open. Either will be labeled Inspector and will have more details about the file, including its size, location, type, and Read and Write permissions:
Use the dropdown menu next to Read: to change the setting from Owner to World, then click the Apply button at the bottom of the Inspector:
Transmit will update the file’s permissions. Return to your browser and reload the URL we tried before. Your file should successfully load. | <urn:uuid:499683b5-67ec-49d5-a248-30f61670c100> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://docs.digitalocean.com/products/spaces/reference/transmit5/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.834508 | 932 | 1.992188 | 2 |
The Six Nations Championship, formally known as the Guinness Six Nations, is an annual rugby union tournament between England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, France and Italy. The competition was first played in 1883 under the name of the Home Nations Championship, and for almost 30 years it only featured teams from the UK. France joined in 1910 and Italy followed in 2000, forming the tournament as it is known today. The winner is determined by a points system based on wins, losses and draws. As of 2021 England and Wales share the record for most wins, at 39 each. | <urn:uuid:36494122-ca83-4ac3-94e5-c6b05379c556> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thetimes.co.uk/topic/six-nations | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.987121 | 114 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Hundreds of white farmers who had been discriminated against while their black counterparts were getting 99 yearlong leases have a reason to celebrate as they have now been put in the same bracket.
Initially, the white farmers had their leases limited to 5 years.
The decision to give the 99 year leases comes barely two months after President Emmerson Mnangagwa, in his inauguration speech, announced that his government was going to compensate white farmers whose land was violently seized during the controversial land reform programme under former president Robert Mugabe.
In a statement to eight acting provincial resettlement officers throughout the country, the Lands Ministry said there should be no more restrictive five year leases to white farmers.
“Please be informed that the Ministry of Lands, Agriculture and Rural Resettlement has directed that all remaining white farmers be issued 99 year leases instead of the 5 year leases as per the previous arrangement,” said the statement Tuesday
The 99 year leases now being offered to all farmers, according to the Lands Ministry, are immediately bankable.
The land reform programme, according to the then regime under Mugabe, was meant to correct historic injustices in the distribution of land in the country.
But on the other hand, Mangangwa’s compensation programme has not well been received in some sections of the society.
As recent as three days ago four villagers were arrested at a farm near Chinhoyi town for distributing material under the ‘Freedom of Speech’ banner questioning why the current government should compensate dispossessed white farmers who were “perpetrators” and “beneficiaries of genocide”.
Nearly two decades ago over 4000 white farmers were violently driven off their properties by War Veterans and landless villagers seizing farming equipment and crops with others being killed in cold blood.
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Former Cricketer Saurombe found dangling on. | <urn:uuid:73959da1-48ae-4758-b220-197eb5684dce> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.reportfocusnews.com/2018/01/31/zimbabwe-government-offers-99-year-leases-remaining-white-farmers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.969866 | 604 | 1.75 | 2 |
6/7 Tass 358
MOSCOW, July 6 (Itar-Tass) — Russia’s Federal Service for the Protection of Consumer Rights /Rospotrebnadzor/ has banned the imports of seeds from Egypt pending the reports that the seeding materials of Egyptian origin might have caused the outbreak of the Escherichia coli infection in Europe, the country’s Chief Sanitary Doctor Gennady Onishchenko said Wednesday.
He said a decision on the ban was taken on the basis of a letter from John Dalli, a European Commission member. It covers the sprouts of Rocket salad, garden radish, beetroots, and all types of legumes – peeled, unpeeled, fresh, and chilled ones.
The information that the sprouted seeds infected with Escherichia coli had been brought to Europe from Egypt was released earlier by the experts of the European Food Safety Authority /EFSA/.
They said the bacterium had turned up in Europe at the end of 2009.
The European Commission suspended the imports of sprouts and seeds of legumes from Egypt as of Wednesday, July 6.
It also ruled that all the legumes imported from Egypt in the period of 2009 through 2011 should be taken off the department store shelves and destroyed.
The outbreak of Escherichia coli in Europe in May and June 2011 left 49 people dead, including 48 people in Germany and one person in Sweden. | <urn:uuid:dae675c7-733a-41af-8ae0-27bf1eda4063> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.windowstorussia.com/russian-watchdog-agency-bans-imports-of-seeds-from-egypt.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.955785 | 299 | 1.8125 | 2 |
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Yielding great results when searching for health care insurance these days means knowing it better and knowing just what you should be looking for, what requires you possess, and thinking about each of the numerous factors which affect your state of health insurance requires. Whether or not your financial budget or insurance policy is of increased concern to you, you may use the following tips to get a start at knowing greater the industry you are buying in. | <urn:uuid:219bb1e2-e23e-4a63-bab6-43c9968d21bf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://troop114.us/tips-to-get-the-insurance-coverage-which-you-should-have/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.956963 | 1,014 | 1.734375 | 2 |
v(t) = A(t)sin[2π(f0 + bt)t].
(a) Solve for f0 and b in the case of a 20-s long sweep between 1 and 4 Hz. Hint: b = 3/20 is incorrect! Think about how rapidly the phase changes with time.
(b) Compute and plot v(t) for this sweep function. Assume that A(t) = sin²(πt/20) (this is termed a Hanning taper; note that it goes smoothly to zero at t = 0 and t = 20 s). Check your results and make sure that you have the right period at each end of the sweep.
(c) Compute and plot the autocorrelation of v(t) between −2 and 2 s.
These solutions may offer step-by-step problem-solving explanations or good writing examples that include modern styles of formatting and construction of bibliographies out of text citations and references. Students may use these solutions for personal skill-building and practice. Unethical use is strictly forbidden.
By purchasing this solution you'll be able to access the following files: | <urn:uuid:0cc90792-8aca-4829-aa1d-81a04bfc92b3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.24houranswers.com/college-homework-library/Physics/MATLAB-for-Physics/33544 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.891826 | 257 | 3.4375 | 3 |
Kamal Haasan is easily one of the greatest and most versatile actors that Indian cinema has seen. He has played all sorts of varied roles in several films in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada and Hindi and has won numerous awards, National and Filmfare for his outstanding performances. What’s more, Kamal’s interests have always gone beyond mere acting. In addition to acting, he is a screenwriter, lyricist, playback singer, choreographer and director.
He was born on November 7, 1954 in Paramakudi in Ramnad district in Tamil Nadu, the youngest child of a freedom fighter and a successful lawyer. His father, Srinivas, deliberately named him half Hindu and half Muslim, being a great believer in Hindu-Muslim unity. A wannabe actor who couldn’t made it, Srinivas wanted at least one of his three sons to become an actor. He put the young Kamal in Dr Sarah Ramachandran’s hands. Sarah was his wife’s close friend and also AV Meiyyapan’s wife, Rajeshwari’s personal physician. One day when Sarah was attending to her, disturbed by the noise downstairs, where Meiyyapan was having a story session, the young Kamal chided them for making so much noise when there was a sick woman upstairs. Meiyyapan immediately took to this young boy and looking for a young boy in a forthcoming film found Kamal suitable for the role!
Kamal Haasan debuted as a child actor with well-known director A Bhimsingh’s Kalathur Kannamma (1960), a hugely successful film at the box-office. This led to more films like Thayilla Pillai (1961), Parthal Pasi Theerum (1962), where he acted with the great Sivaji Ganesan, Patha Kannikkai (1962). Ananda Jyothi (1963) and Vanambadi (1963).
Following the end of his career as a child artist 1963, Kamal did not do another film till 1972. These growing years were awkward for him but his father convinced him to continue his acting career. Kamal quit school in the ninth standard to pursue acting full time, something unthinkable in a Tamil Iyengar family where education was regarded as extremely important. At his father’s advice, he also built his body and joined a dance troup touring India as he honed his dancing skills. He even did a stint with dance master Thangappan, assisting him in choreography in films.
Kamal struggled for a break as an adult. He was dropped from at least two films he had signed as hero in 1972 and director CV Sridhar even advised him, he might be better off working behind the camera. At this point he came into contact with K Balachander. Balachander became Kamal’s mentor and offered him a role in Arangetram (1973). Kamal played a small but pivotal role of the heroine’s brother. Seeing a spark in him, Balachander also cast him as a villain in Sollathan Ninaikiran (1973). Balachander then followed up by casting him as a ventriloquist who falls in love with a widow in Aval Oru Thodarkathai(1974) and helped him get his first major breakthrough as an actor with Apoorva Ragangal (1975). In the film, Kamal plays a rebel who falls in love with an older woman.
Kamal Haasan, Sridevi, Rajinikanth, Bharathiraja and music maestro Ilayaraja all became stars with 16 Vayathinile (1977), also Bharathiraja’s directorial debut. The film saw Kamal play a village simpleton who marries Sridevi and rescues her from the local bully, played by Rajinikanth. He kills the bully and goes to jail with Sridevi waiting for him. The film is considered a landmark Tamil film in not only being a little more realistic than the melodramas of the 1950s and 60s but also for taking Tamil cinema out of the studio and on location.
Thereafter Kamal always tried to balance films showcasing him as an actor with those having an objective or focus on obvious commercial success. Among some big commercial hits he had include Maro Charithra (1978) in Telugu, Sigappu Rojakkal (1978), Tick Tick Tick andSakalaka Vallavan (1982), one of his biggest hits and really the film that got Kamal huge acceptance from the masses as well. The film directed by SP Muthuraman, also known as ‘Masala’ Muthuraman and co-starring Ambika, made sure all the commercial ingredients were balanced perfectly and no effort was spared in making sure the film was a hit.
Films like Moondram Pirai (1982), its Hindi counterpart, Sadma (1983) and his films with K Vishvanath, Sagara Sangamam (1983) and Swathi Muthayam (1985) boast of landmark performances by Kamal. Moondram Pirai, where he played a kind-hearted school teacher who rescues Sridevi from a brothel and cares for her as following head injuries, she has lost her memory and has regressed mentally to the state of a young child. The climax where he tries to make her recollect her memories with him once she recovers and forgets him is heartbreaking. The film won Kamal Haasan his first National Award for Best Actor as well as the National Award for Best Cinematographer for cameraman-director Balu Mahendra. Sagara Sangamamam, in Telugu, sees Kamal in amazing form as a drunken classical dancer. His dancing skills are brilliantly brought out and he is simply astounding as he displays the various forms of Indian dance to the young and proud dancer whose performance he has shot down in his review. Swathi Muthayam sees him score heavily playing a slow dimwitted man perfectly.
Perhaps Kamal’s greatest performance and one which brought him his second National Award for Best Actor came in Mani Ratnam’s Nayakan (1987). The film is loosely based on the life of the Bombay based ganglord Varadarajan but Ratnam infuses his tale with a Godfather like feel, making for a rivetting cinematic experience. Kamal Haasan as Velu Naicker is the life and soul of Nayakan. The film is simply unimaginable without him and he shows us in Nayakan why he is rated as one of the finest actors ever in India. His performance ranks as one of the greatest ever in the history of Indian cinema as he expertly captures every nuance, every shade of Velu Naicker, be it the ruthless don, the benevelant protector of the opressed or the loving and caring family man.
Meanwhile, in 1981, Kamal made his debut as a hero in Hindi cinema with Ek Duje ke Liye (1981), a re-make of Maro Charithra. The original film was a Tamil -Telugu love story but director K Balachander wisely transposed it to a Tamil – Punjabi terrain for a national audience with the humour and situations preserved from the original. Kamal Haasan dazzled Hindi audiences with his histrionic abilities and dancing skills and the film became the top grossing Hindi film of 1981 ahead of even the Amitabh Bachchan starrer Naseeb! It certainly looked like the first major acceptance of a Southern hero in Hindi cinema.
But thereafter, Kamal’s stint with Bollywood wasn’t really memorable as one by one his films failed at the box office. Even his brilliant performances in Sadma (1983), the Hindi re-make of Moondram Pirai, Zara si Zindagi (1983) and Saagar (1985) didn’t help though he won the Filmfare Award for best Actor for the last named. And when he did have a hit in Giraftaar (1985), Amitabh Bachchan in an extended guest appearance got all the credit for the film’s success! Then, post Saagar, Kamal began concentraing on his own productions in the South, not really looking at Hindi cinema full time.
Kamal built up his reputation as one of Indian cinema’s finest actor in this period as he began experimenting more and more with his roles. If he acted in the enjoyable silent film, Pushpak (1987), or played 4 roles in the comic Michael Madana Kamarajan (1990), he also played a dwarf to perfection in Apoorva Sagodarargal (1989). Why, he even expertly played an old woman in the remake of Mrs Doubtfire, Avvai Shanmughi (1996) and ten characters in Dasavatharm (2008), the latter winning him the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor. He also began getting involved with other facets of filmmaking and began writing and producing as well. But among the films he got involved in more than just being an actor, many were too different or off-beat to score at the box office. A notable exception was Thevar Magan (1992).
Described by Kamal as a ‘Sicilain drama’, he wrote and produced this Godfather style film set against the backdrop of Madurai’s feudal landlords starring him and the legendary Sivaji Ganesan. Kamal, who says the film was based on his childhood experiences, plays Shakthivel, the modern son of Periathevar (Sivaji Ganesan) who returns to his ancestral village to introduce his girlfriend (Gauthami) to the family. Once she goes back, he gets involved in the bloody fued between different members of his clan and is forced to take over when his father is killed. Thevar Magan sees one of Kamal Haasan’s finest performances, ably supported by Sivaji, Gauthami, Nasser and Revathi who won the National Award for Best Supporting Actress.
Kamal would win his third National Award for S Shankar’s Indian (1996), also a huge success at the box office. In the film exploring corruption, Kamal expertly plays a double role of an old Indian freedom fighter, Senapathy, who kills corrupt Governament officials and and the like to weed out corruption and his son, Chandru, who lives by todays rules. Chandru takes a bribe and certifies a bus with faulty brakes as roadworthy. But the bus meets with an accidentKilling young innocent school children. Senapathy, then in an action filled climax, kills his own son at the airport. The film was also India’s official entry to the Oscars.
Kamal made his directorial debut with Chachi 420 (1998), the Hindi remake of Avvai Shanmughi. The film did quite well at the box office. His next directorial venture, Hey Ram (2000) was, however, both a critical and commercial failure while Virumaandi (2004) explored the pros and cons of the death penalty.
On the personal front, Kamal was involved with actress Srividya in the 1970s, the subect recently of a Malayalam film, Thirakkatha (2008). He then married dancer Vani Ganapathy who went on to design his costumes in his films. However, the marriage broke up after 10 years also causing a rift with his elder brother as the latter supported Vani in the break-up. He then got involved with co-star Sarika with whom he had two daughters, Shruti and Akshara. The couple got married only to split in 1998. Thereafter, Kamal was involved with actress Gauthami for quite some time, but they too have parted ways.
Such is Kamal’s popularity that he has well over 15,000 fan clubs all over Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra. It is at his insistence that the fan clubs also do social service helping the poor and downtrodden.
Kamal continued to make films like Unnaipol Oruvan (2009) and Eenaadu (2009), both re-makes of A Wednesday (2008), in Tamil and Telugu and co-starring Mohanlal and Venkatesh respectively and Manmadan Ambu (2010), written by him as well. Vishwaroopam (2012), ran into trouble that led to a ban before its release. When it finally released, helped by the controversy, the film went on to be huge success. After a few lukewarm films, Haasan made a grand comeback as an actor with, Papanasam (2015), the remake of Mohanlal’s Malayalam hit, Drishyam (2013), perfectly playing a man who will do anything to protect his family.
Meanwhile, his elder daughter, Shruti, has already lent her vocals in films like Vaaranam Aayiram (2008) and made her debut as composer with Unnaipol Oruvam and Eenaadu. She also made her acting debut in Luck (2009) and has acted in various Tamil, Telugu and Hindi films since. Younger daughter, Akshara, too has made her debut in the Hindi film, Shamitabh (2015). | <urn:uuid:dcb120ca-ada9-4cd4-a5fb-0d9388246323> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://upperstall.com/profile/kamal-haasan/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.980812 | 2,852 | 1.570313 | 2 |
NLP Practice Group 17 October 2015 – the content and learnings
Today’s NLP Practice group in London, for people who have completed their NLP Practitioner training, NLP Master Practitioner training and NLP Trainers training, covered four main topics. In addition, two of the 12 attendees had the opportunity to receive some tips and coaching in a coaching circle.
The topics were:
- Values Elicitation
- Using Perceptual Positions in groups
- Identifying whether people are ‘Towards’ or ‘Away from’ simply by listening to their language
- Neuro-logical Levels, in the context of becoming even better at something (being a leader, manager, coach, athlete, parent etc).
The first topic we covered was ‘Values Elicitation’. The group were able to practice eliciting and using Values in a context of their choice, for example selling, relationship coaching and managing/engaging staff. As well as eliciting Values, we covered eliciting ‘criteria equivalents’ (i.e. how would the ‘client’ know that the Value has been met?). One of the delegates used a method that I hadn’t heard of to do this. He simply asked, “what would you be seeing, hearing, feeling, to let you know the Value had been met?” After the exercise we discussed some of the practical uses of Values.
The second topic was a brief discussion about using Perceptual Positions with groups. We discussed having groups of between 4-6 people with a common situation, for example an account management team (at, for example, IBM) looking to improve the relationship with a particular client (Fred at BT). The group would divide a flipchart into four quadrants, with positions 1, 2 and 3 in a separate quadrant, and ‘action points’ in the fourth quadrant (see the picture below). The group would ‘wear’ the appropriate hat and write the key comments/perspectives in the relevant quadrant. This involves the whole group, and uses the key representational systems (visual, auditory and kinaesthetic, and possibly auditory digital). Some key points were:
- The importance of the group understanding the process and buying into it. The facilitator could link the process to the group’s goals, and use stories of where he/she previously used this process successfully.
- The importance of ‘breaking state’, in other words really putting on the ‘hat’ of position 1, 2 and 3. This could be assisted by personifying both someone at the client (position 2) and the wise observer (position 3).
A variation of the process could be using The ‘Disney’ pattern with a group (dreamer, realist, critic and production room).
The third topic was the linguistic indicators of Towards and Away From. The group briefly discussed these indicators:
Towards: words/ideas such as goals, targets, ideas stated in ‘positive’ terms, achieve, get/obtain.
Away from: words/ideas such as negations, ideas stated in ‘negative’ terms (don’t want to …), Modal Operators of Necessity (must, ought, should, have to,).
The final topic was how to use Neuro-Logical Levels to become even better at a specific area, for example, leadership, management, coaching, being an athlete. Each pair marked the ‘levels’ in a line on the floor (Environment, Behaviours, Capabilities, Beliefs/Values, Identity and Mission/Purpose), and considered their specific area from each of the six perspectives. A couple of groups finished early, and decided to re-visit the exercise, but with the six levels arranged in a circle rather than a line. They found that going through the exercise a second time with the levels in a ‘continuum’ rather than a line enabled them to gain even greater insights. This was a useful learning for me and the group.
The final 20 minutes involved two coaching circles; one with a delegate who wanted some input into how to coach a client who had concerns about doing presentations, and the other with a delegate who wanted some insights about how to motivate a particular member of staff. Both groups found the brief session useful, gaining insights from the different perspectives brought by the other members of the circle.
The next NLP Practice Group is Saturday 30 January 2016, 9.30 to 1.30, at the Danubius Hotel, St John’s Wood, London NW8 7JT. | <urn:uuid:55b84c72-4eba-4624-a9b8-b424fe9c3ff4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thelazarus.com/nlp-practice-group-17-october-2015-content-learnings/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.955816 | 977 | 1.84375 | 2 |
ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Sec. Elite Sports and Performance Enhancement
Effect of Advanced Shoe Technology on the Evolution of Road Race Times in Male and Female Elite Runners
- 1Health and Science Department, World Athletics, Manoco City, Monaco
- 2Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- 3Elite Limited, Budapest, Hungary
- 4Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico,” Rome, Italy
The influence of advanced footwear technology (thickness of light midsole foam and rigid plate) on distance running performances was analyzed during an 8-year period. Analysis of variance was used to measure effects of time, gender, shoe technology, and East African origin on male and female top 20 or top 100 seasonal best times in 10-kilometer races, half-marathons, and marathons. In both genders and three distance-running events, seasonal best times significantly decreased from 2017, which coincided with the introduction of the advanced footwear technology in distance running. This performance improvement was of similar magnitude in both East African and non-East African elite runners. In female elite athletes, the magnitudes (from 1.7 to 2.3%) of the decrease in seasonal best times between 2016 and 2019 were significantly higher than in their male counterparts (from 0.6 to 1.5%). Analyses of variance confirmed that the adoption of the advanced footwear technology significantly improved the top 20 seasonal best times in female half marathons and marathons and male marathons, with the improvements being more pronounced in females and in long-distance running events. The adoption of this new shoe technology improved female marathon time by ~2 min and 10 s, which represents a significant increase in performance (1.7%).
In 2017, Nike officially presented its Nike® Vaporfly 4% shoes. The release was associated with a large and worldwide advertising campaign that received a lot of attention because the manufacturer claimed that this new model of distance running shoes represented a breakthrough in the distance running shoe technology that could improve running time by 4% (Hoogkamer et al., 2018). This advanced footwear technology (AFT) relies on the combination of a very thick and light midsole made of polyamide block elastomer and the embedding within the midsole layers of a long and rigid carbon plate. What was initially considered as a marketing maneuver by the manufacturer quickly turned to a possible game changer in the world of distance running performance. Although several theories (Nigg et al., 2020b; Cigoja et al., 2021; Muniz-Pardos et al., 2021) have been proposed to understand the mechanisms behind these performance benefits, no definitive explanation has been provided so far. A large-scale statistical analysis published in 2018 (Quealy and Katz, 2018), based on results from 280,000 marathons and 215,000 half-marathons run, revealed that this AFT was likely responsible for a 3–4% decrease in race times in these distances. Although these statistics are based on large numbers, the authors acknowledged some limitations in their study as it was based on athletes' self-declaration on an app dedicated to tracking running and cycling activities and did not specifically address elite distance runners. Moreover, the male and female half-marathon and marathon world records were all broken in 2018 and 2019 by Ethiopian and Kenyan athletes using AFT (Hoogkamer et al., 2017). Altogether, these facts fueled the controversy about the performance advantage (Muniz-Pardos et al., 2021), which some believe contradicts World Athletics' technical rule 143, paragraph 5.2, which states (World Athletics, 2020) that “athletes may compete barefoot or with footwear on one or both feet. The purpose of shoes for competition is to give protection and stability to the feet and a firm grip on the ground. They must not give athletes any unfair assistance or advantage. Any type of shoe must be reasonably available to all in the spirit of the universality of athletics.…” Therefore, the purpose of this exploratory study is to analyze elite male and female runners' official race results recorded between 2012 and 2019 in the 10-kilometer, half-marathon and marathon races. We tested the hypotheses that after 2017, elite runners will show relative decreases in race times such as those observed in sub-elite and club runners and that such decreases will be explained by the adoption of AFT by elite distance runners.
Methods and Materials
The evolution of elite male and female distance runner race times between 2012 and 2019 (included) were assessed in three different road race events: the 10 kilometers (10 km), half-marathon, and marathon. For each of the 8 years studied, top 20 and top 100 individual seasonal (yearly) best performances for both genders were used for the purpose of statistical analysis. Competition results not validated by World Athletics or obtained from athletes disqualified because of anti-doping rules violations committed during the competition considered were excluded from the analysis. Results were obtained from World Athletics' official database. On the basis of declared citizenship, federation information on transfer of allegiance, and biographies, athletes from Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda, Somalia, and Tanzania were grouped in an “East African” group, whereas the other athletes formed the “non-East African” group. For each gender and each event, the evolution of the top 20 and top 100 individual seasonal best times was explored with a one-way ANOVA (year) or two-way ANOVA (year*ethnic group or year*gender) and, when appropriate, Bonferroni-corrected for multiple-comparison post-hoc tests and Cohen's d. As the AFT was available early 2017, we searched when this technology was adopted by each of the top 20 male and female athletes in the three events between 2017 and 2019. As this search was performed from analysis of media content, photos, and footage of athletes in competition, it was impossible to perform it for the top 100 seasonal best times. We assumed that contracted athletes always competed with an unmodified model of shoes provided by his/her partner manufacturer. With this information, the effects of the adoption of AFT, gender, and running events on the top 20 seasonal best times were explored with one-, two-, or three-way ANOVA and, when appropriate, Bonferroni-corrected for multiple-comparison post-hoc tests. When the same athletes achieved performances between 2016 and 2019, with and without the AFT, their results were compared by using a paired t test after a normality check with the Shapiro-Wilk test. Descriptive statistics are presented with the mean and standard deviation. Statistical significance was considered to be indicated by a p-value < 0.05. Statistical analyses were performed using the JASP 0.13.1 free statistical software.
Top 100 Seasonal Best Times
The evolution of the top 100 male and female seasonal best times in the three events we have discussed is presented in Table 1. In both genders—and for the three distance running events—a decrease of mean seasonal best times was observed from 2017, with the lowest race times being recorded in 2019. The effect of time was significantly different between males and females—F(1,7) = 6.53, 10.69, 8.60, p < 0.001—in the 10-km, half-marathon, and marathon top 100 seasonal best times, respectively. When we pooled the three distance running events, non-East African athletes represented on average 13% (range: 5–32%) and 28% (range: 12–44%) of the studied male and female populations, respectively. In all distance running events, the evolution of the top 100 seasonal best times followed a similar pattern across the years among East African and non-East African male (F = 0.49, p = 0.94) and female (F = 0.58, p = 0.88) athletes. As shown in Table 1, female athletes demonstrated larger decreases in race times between 2016 and 2019 than their male counterparts.
Table 1. Evolution of top 100 male and female seasonal best times in the 10 km, half-marathon, and marathon races.
Top 20 Seasonal Best Times
The evolution of the top 20 male and female seasonal best times in the three events is presented in Table 2. Our analysis showed that the AFT was adopted by a limited number of runners in 2017 when this technology had only been released. However, in 2018 and especially in 2019, many seasonal best times (the top 20) were achieved by athletes running with the AFT. In 2019, 55–95% of elite male and 45–80% of female runners used advanced footwear technology in 10 km, half-marathon, and marathon races. During the period studied, when gender and events results were pooled, the adoption of the AFT showed a significant performance-enhancing effect (F = 120.3, p < 0.001). This improvement of seasonal best times was more important in female athletes (F = 17.9, p < 0.001) and in longer distance running events (F = 31.03, p < 0.001; see Table 3). In half-marathon and marathon races, we were able to identify small numbers of athletes who competed in the same event within the 2016–2019 period with and without the AFT. All athletes (except male half-marathon runners) significantly improved their seasonal best times when using the AFT (Table 4).
Table 2. Evolution of top 20 male and female seasonal best times in the 10 km, half-marathon, and marathon races.
Table 3. Effects of the advanced footwear technology on top 20 male and female seasonal best times in 10 km, half marathon, and marathon.
Table 4. Comparison of male and female seasonal best times in half-marathon and marathon races in a subgroup of top 20 athletes who competed without and with the AFT between 2016 and 2019.
The main result from this retrospective study is a significant decrease in elite athletes' seasonal bests times in 10 km, half marathon and marathon races for both genders from 2017. This change coincides with the release of the AFT and its adoption by elite athletes, and it has itself been identified as a factor improving seasonal best times. A decrease of seasonal bests has been found at the highest elite (top 20) and elite (top 100) levels. The reported decreases in race times observed from 2016 (female marathon) and 2017 (all others) is unlikely to be explained by a decennial trend since performances were rather steady between 2012 and 2016 in both genders and in the three distances. The fact that the top 20 seasonal best times do not always reflect performances of the same people from year to year is a limitation of the present study. Indeed, in view of the duration of the period studied and the high “turn-over rate” of East African elite-level athletes in road running events, it was almost impossible to set up a large enough dataset on which a robust repeated-measures analysis of variance could be conducted. However, our complementary analysis conducted on limited numbers of half-marathon and marathon runners for whom we had seasonal best times achieved with and without the AFT tend to confirm the results reported for top 20 and top 100 groups as well as the performance-enhancing effect of the AFT.
Low marathon race times observed in male and female runners in 2012 are an unexpected result. This could be explained by a larger number of competitors abusing performance enhancing drugs in that year. In 2012, the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF now World Athletics) was indeed already running a solid in-competition testing program complemented by an athlete biological passport program (Saugy et al., 2014), but this new generation of anti-doping programs was in its early phases and improved over time. Interestingly, the top 1,000 seasonal best times in male and female marathon runners show (results not presented) that even sub-elite or high-level club runners achieved good results in 2012, making the doping hypothesis less likely. An alternative explanation may be related to environmental race conditions. NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (NASA, 2020) reported that, on a global level, 2012 was cooler than the seven following years. As high air temperature and relative humidity are known to limit endurance performance (Maughan, 2010), slightly cooler conditions encountered in 2012, could have facilitated achievement of better results in marathon competitions. Missing or unavailable data on weather for most races considered is a limiting factor in our study. However, the fact that seasonal best times recorded during the 8-year period were obtained from more than 200 different races organized in the spring and fall of both hemispheres makes it very unlikely that thermal stress accounts for the observed improvement in road race performances.
While looking for evidence of AFT adoption in the top 20 runners, we noted that some of them later committed anti-doping rules violations and subsequently served a period of ineligibility. Although such cheating behavior could represent a bias, we believe that it is unlikely to explain the observed performance improvements after 2017. Indeed, information obtained from the Athletics Integrity Unit website (Athletics Integrity Unit, 2020), shows that adverse passport findings and blood doping cases have not been reported to be more frequent in the period 2017–2019, compared with 2012–2016.
As shown in Tables 1, 2, the year 2017 was a turning point in the road running industry with the first release by a shoe manufacturer of a model of distance running shoe that benefited from an AFT incorporating both an increased thickness of a new midsole light foam and a rigid plate along the shoe (Nigg et al., 2020a). The present study is a retrospective observational study from which a possible causality link between the availability of this AFT and distance running performances in top 20 seasonal best times can be derived. Moreover, the market release of AFT and its progressive adoption by elite distance runners coincided with the observed significant trend in improved performances. An alternative explanation to our main finding would be a possible overrepresentation of East African runners at the highest level of endurance competition. Indeed, East African runners have dominated distance running in athletics for almost two decades (Tucker et al., 2013). Although our demographic data suggest such a trend in female athletes, this hypothesis can be discarded since non-East African elite male and female distance runners, while less numerous than East African runners, also significantly improved their performances from 2017.
The magnitude of seasonal best-time decreases was larger in elite females when compared with elite male runners. This phenomenon is also observed in the top 100 statistical analyses. Indeed, between 2016 and 2019, female race times decreased by 1.9, 1.7, and 2.0% in the 10 km, half-marathon, and marathon respectively, whereas these decreases were calculated at 1.1, 0.7, and 1.2% in male runners. In the consideration of top 20 seasonal bests, where the effect of AFT could be tested and quantified, the adoption of this new shoe technology improved female marathon time by ~2 min and 10 s. Such a 1.7% increase in performance is remarkable at the elite level. For purposes of comparison only, Malm et al. (2016) reported an average 3% performance increase after blood doping. The top 20 male and top 20 female runners adopted the AFT to a similar extent between 2017 and 2019. However, the race time decrease observed between 2016 and 2019 always appeared to be larger for females than for males. This would suggest that this technology benefits female athletes more than males. As women, when compared with men, show greater fatigue resistance, greater substrate efficiency, and lower energetic demands during endurance events (Hunter, 2016; Tiller et al., 2021), the female lower body mass and/or a smaller shoes sizes could represent a possible explanation for this gender difference. It could be hypothesized that smaller shoe size is associated with a shorter but stiffer rigid plate in the AFT (Hoogkamer et al., 2017), and/or a higher midsole thickness/body mass ratio, facilitating a higher percentage of energy return in female runners (Hoogkamer et al., 2018).
Although highly significant at this competition level, the magnitude of elite runners' race time decrease reported in this study is lower than the average 3.4% change of running velocity calculated by Hoogkamer et al. (2018) in male sub-elite runners in their comparison of AFT with classical footwear. In their study, the authors measured energy costs of running 5 min at 14, 16, and 18 km/h, and concluded that the percentage of savings was similar at the three velocities. These experimental conditions (only applied to male subjects) are somewhat different from real race conditions, where higher velocities are maintained from approximately 28 min (10 km) to 145 min (marathon). During this extended time, the energy cost of running may progressively increase, due to slow component increases in oxygen uptake kinetics (Jones et al., 2011) and muscle damage (Assumpcao Cde et al., 2013). The magnitude of elite runners' race time decreases reported in this study is also lower than the ~4% reported in club and sub-elite runners (Quealy and Katz, 2018).
The present study showed that top 20 and top 100 seasonal best times in 10 km, half-marathons, and marathons significantly decreased from 2017. Adoption of the advanced footwear technology has been identified as a factor contributing to these observed changes. The magnitude of this relative change was higher in female than in male elite athletes and was more pronounced in marathons than in 10 km road races. Although very relevant at an elite level, it appears that the magnitude of elite runners' race time changes observed between 2016 and 2019 is lower than race time changes reported in club or sub-elite distance runners.
Data Availability Statement
The race results raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation.
SB, FG, AS, IB, and PA contributed to the conception or design of the work, drafted the manuscript, and critically revised the manuscript. All gave final approval and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of work, ensuring integrity and accuracy.
Conflict of Interest
AS and IB were employed by the company Elite Ltd, Budapest.
The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
We thank Professor Andrew Grundstein from the Department of Geography, University of Georgia (USA), and Thomas Capdevielle from the Athletics Integrity Unit (Principality of Monaco) who advised the authors on the climatologic and anti-doping parts of the manuscript, respectively.
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Cigoja, S., Fletcher, J. R., Esposito, M., Stefanyshyn, D. J., and Nigg, B. M. (2021). Increasing the midsole bending stiffness of shoes alters gastrocnemius medialis muscle function during running. Sci. Rep. 11:749. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80791-3
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Keywords: athletics, footwear, gender, marathon, performance
Citation: Bermon S, Garrandes F, Szabo A, Berkovics I and Adami PE (2021) Effect of Advanced Shoe Technology on the Evolution of Road Race Times in Male and Female Elite Runners. Front. Sports Act. Living 3:653173. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2021.653173
Received: 13 January 2021; Accepted: 10 February 2021;
Published: 22 April 2021.
Edited by:Brian Hanley, Leeds Beckett University, United Kingdom
Reviewed by:Luca Paolo Ardigò, University of Verona, Italy
Jordan Santos-Concejero, University of the Basque Country, Spain
Copyright © 2021 Bermon, Garrandes, Szabo, Berkovics and Adami. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Stéphane Bermon, firstname.lastname@example.org | <urn:uuid:2317975d-1a5e-4367-82d0-65daae97a9a8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2021.653173/full | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.937022 | 5,218 | 2.25 | 2 |
Long HDMI cables can come in handy in various situations, from setting up a home theater to connecting digital signage. But is there a limit to HDMI cable length? Here’s everything you need to know.
Why Does HDMI Cable Length Matter?
High Definition Multimedia Interface, or HDMI, is the most common display interface today. It’s used in everything from televisions to monitors to electronic art. By using a single HDMI cable, you can transmit both audio and video signals from one device to another.
You will find HDMI cables in multiple sizes in the market. Some are around a foot, whereas others are several meters long. But if you are curious about the maximum length of an HDMI cable, no such thing exists. The official standard HDMI specification doesn’t recommend a cable length. As long as an HDMI cable meets the performance standards and can successfully carry the signal from one end to another, it can be any size.
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As mentioned, the HDMI specification doesn’t indicate a cable length. But the HDMI Licensing Administrator, an organization responsible for promoting and licensing the HDMI technology, notes that the early testing in the Ultra High Speed (UHS) Cable program suggests that passive UHS HDMI cables can be up to five meters in length. A passive HDMI cable is your standard HDMI cable, which features HDMI ports on each end connected by shielded copper wiring.
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Aronia Planting Guide Part VI – Pruning, Pest, Landscaping, Harvesting…
After formation, the oldest stems should be pruned to ground in late idle season. Restrict bush height & increase bushiness by cutting back upright stems.
After berries have dropped or been harvested prune to shape the plant. Pruning the Aronia plants while the plants are young will also encourage branching. The best time to prune is in the late winter or spring before growth starts. By pruning in the early spring just before growth starts. This method there is only a short time before new growth begins and for the wound sealing course of action to take place. It does not seriously harm plants in the long run to cut plants back so that they may produce a thick growth of new shoots This is called “pollarding”. As the plants grow larger prune to thin the plant so all parts of the plant receive sunlight.
Japanese beetles and other insect pests generally will leave the aronia plants alone. Blueberry Croft farm and nursery has not had problems with Japanese beetles.
For long-term pest management, a good defense against Japanese beetle involves improving the soil in your character so that the advantageous micro organisms that live there are active and numerous. The micro organisms eat Japanese beetle eggs under the grass in around plant roots. Mulching and using aerated compost tea made using worm casting is a good approach to improving your soil and the number of advantageous micro organisms in the soil.
Aronia berries are more resistant to microbial invasion than other fruits.
Aronia berries will provide food for deer; rabbits and songbirds in the fall after the berries are fully mature if left unpicked. Before they are fully mature they are so bitter that songbirds will avoid them.
In summary the major pest are as follows
- Songbirds (in the fall after fruit is mature)
- Japanese beetles (usually not a problem)
- A few maggots from Spotted Wing Drosphila have found in a few berries in some sites. A possible solution is to try putting some traps with molasses, brewer’s yeast, etc to try to lower populations around Aronia and other berry plants.
The practice of growing aronia as a scenery plant is increasing. One of the reasons is because it can manager both wet and dry soil in addition to being a very ornamental plant. It is attractive in each season and not effected by most diseases and pests. These are noticeable scenery plants. They have attractive white flowers in the spring and beautiful glossy green leaves all summer long. The dark berries in the fall at the end of the year and are a plus by providing healthy fruit.
Their ability to resist wet situations makes aronia plants appropriate for growing along the edges of ponds, flows or other similar conditions. Aronia works well as a riverbank stabilizer, or in fields in the path of water runs to control erosion or in any large-extent planting in which a growing mass is needed. Aronia plants are especially useful in roadside ditches or a moist low tract of land that is a natural scenery characterize or a human-produced one. Consider using the cultivar Nero if you enjoy seeing heavy production of larger and longer lasting black fruits on a more compact plant 3 to 4 feet tall. If youare planning to have a productive plantation with high-quality fruit Nero or the taller growing Viking plants are good choices.
For more than 1/2 to 1 acre mechanical harvesting is more efficient, faster and less costly than hand harvesting.
Aronia fruit stay good for a relative long period of time and can be stored unharmed in the containers already for a few days. “This method they can also be shipped to customers’ right after picking without refrigeration. This is a meaningful opportunity and assistance because it also makes it possible to deliver the fruit harvested from a large area to the processing facility all at the same time.
The processing of fresh aronia is not hard to accomplish. Although the fruit is soft their shock-resistance allows them to be stored for a longer time than other more fragile berries.
The second year after planting 2-year-old nursery aronia plants in the field they usually are reported to produce about 2 pound of fruit per plant. The third year after planting in the field they are reported to produce about 10 pounds of fruit per plant. The four to fifth year after planting they are reported to yields about 20 pounds of fruit per plant. Fruit production is reported to be as high as 35 pounds per mature plant. In terms of the growth of aronia plants the saying is “First they sleep, then they crawl and then they jump”.
At 20 pounds per plant, 1000 plants per acre would be expected to produce 20,000 pounds of berries. | <urn:uuid:56235c2d-69e6-4a77-b7f9-4e0d8bf9b536> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://yoholu.com/aronia-planting-guide-part-vi-pruning-pest-landscaping-harvesting/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.950477 | 1,013 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Students in seventh grade became activists during a year-long study of First Nations peoples. While the class explored history and culture, they also delved deep into the inequities that have affected this community in both the past and the present. Through this interdisciplinary study, the Middle Schoolers explored elements of science and social justice, which helped to shed light on the complex issues still faced by First Nations peoples. Fired up by all they had learned, the seventh graders felt an urgency to make change, ultimately setting their sights on activism.
The in-depth study started with the exploration of human migration patterns, as the class discussed different theories on how First Nations peoples may have come to the Americas. As they continued to explore the history of this community, the class learned of the injustices tribes faced at the hands of settlers and later, the government of the newly-formed United States of America. In addressing this difficult history, the conversation naturally turned to issues relating to race and racism. The Middle Schoolers conducted an interdisciplinary experiment in which they tested their own DNA, shedding light on the fact that race as we know it has no basis in science, but is a concept invented to categorize people based on physical traits.
Exploring race and racial bias allowed the class to confront stereotypes that still persist to this day. Together they watched the film The Real Injun, which discusses the negative and damaging images of First Nations peoples exhibited in the cinema over the course of a century. After watching the film, students began to make connections to stereotypes they saw in contemporary media. They discussed problematic names and mascots of sports teams and examined cultural appropriation of traditional dress in the fashion world.
Soon the Middle Schoolers began searching beyond the media, looking at many serious social justice issues that continue to plague this community. To dive deeper, the teacher gave the students a list of various topics, tasking them with researching a particular issue that spoke to them. The list included such topics as the elevated suicide rates of people living on reservations, sexual assault and limited access to healthcare; all of which continue to affect First Nations peoples. The students’ learning was further enhanced by visits from special guests. Seventh graders welcomed artists from the Lakota tribe who shed light on their experiences as First Nations peoples. The class also met with Calhoun parent and activist Steven Donziger, who discussed his work advocating on behalf of native communities in South America.
The more they learned, the more students felt a responsibility to act. They expressed a desire to make change and draw attention to a community that has long been ignored. As they grappled with what they could do to affect change, they discussed various types of protests such as marches and sit-ins. While the Middle Schoolers had experience with demonstrations, they wanted to create something that would last beyond a single experience. Harnessing their passion and tapping into their creativity, students decided to work together to produce documentary films aimed at educating the public and amplifying the voices of people within this marginalized community.
Using what they had learned, the class divided into small groups, with each group focusing on a single issue of their choice as the subject of a documentary film. The creation of these films was a true collaboration amongst the Middle Schoolers. Each student took on a specific role in the production— from writers to script supervisors to actors— and played a crucial part in bringing their films to life. Throughout the filmmaking process, research remained at the heart of each film. As they deepened their understanding of their chosen topics, students also learned to note sources, support their opinions with facts and use their research to formulate arguments. The result was a collection of films that displayed their knowledge and their deep desire to share what they learned with a broader community in hopes of inspiring lasting change.
Through their study, these seventh graders became more than students— they became advocates. While the exploration of the history of First Nations peoples exposed them to many harsh realities, it also helped them discover their own power to make change. By diving deep into the past and facing history, the class became motivated, using their knowledge and raising their voices in order to work toward a more inclusive and equitable future. | <urn:uuid:87a18802-f0ab-4cf8-915c-a1c9f3f379d4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.calhoun.org/blog/blog-stories-landing-page/~board/calhoun-stories-blog/post/study-of-first-nations-peoples-inspires-students-to-act | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.977097 | 847 | 4.0625 | 4 |
Hip pain can be caused by a multitude of issues and can be predisposed by a number of factors.
Your physiotherapist will be able to assess your hip to formulate an accurate diagnosis.
Different conditions of the hip include;
- Trochanteric Bursitis
- Muscle Strain or Tear
- Ligament Strain or Tear
- Femoral Acetabular Impingement
- Labral Tear
At Advanced Physiotherapy, our methods and treatments are evidence based and we have state of the art equipment and resources to aid you in your recovery.
Treatment for hip pain can include:
- Manual Therapy (which is a gentle hands-on treatment designed to improve joint movement)
- Dry Needling
- Ergonomic Correction
- Load Management
- Corrective Exercises
- Strength and Conditioning
For your comfort during a hip injury or hip pain assessment, please bring the following to your physio appointment:
- A pair of shorts or loose fitting tracksuit pants
- Your usual footwear for walking/running, work or sport
- Imaging Reports
- Referral forms | <urn:uuid:114889f0-ae4f-433f-8886-2b02787593b7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newcastle-physiotherapy.com.au/Home/Conditions-426/LowerLimbInjuries-1518/HipPain-1497/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.897691 | 260 | 2.09375 | 2 |
L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC from September 15, 1986, to May 19, 1994. Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher, it contained many of Bochco's trademark features including a large number of parallel storylines, social drama and off-the-wall humor. It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s, and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as abortion, racism, gay rights, homophobia, sexual harassment, AIDS, and domestic violence. The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff. The show was popular with audiences and critics, and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run, four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series. | <urn:uuid:2132d054-6bb6-40bc-a2d5-89cec72bc684> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://watch.123networkstv.com/en/tv/732-1/la-law | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.982634 | 171 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Event planning is essentially the application of organizing, venture control, and treatments for all ventures through the organization. It is almost always taken on bypeople today and organizations. Alternatively, teams. Event arranging is done to meet particular company needs.
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A person who happens to be an occasion adviser. They set up special occasions, produce promotion products, and program themeal and amusement, together with other specifics of a gathering. In case you are the administrator associated with an enterprise, you may be an occasion coordinator. In case you have a large organization, you may leverage the function coordinator careers, actually. You can even function as an occasion coordinator to obtain a scaled-down firm.
Many smaller businesses work with occurrence organizers to arrange the issues of the events. They work with event organizers for various motives, for instance, they wish to possess a qualified try looking in their gatherings and require individuals who really know what the occasion includes, they wish to make an impression on their customers and associates, and they wish to keep their budget manageable. Additionally, they retain the services of them mainly because getting a skilled celebration manager will help make them look nice ahead of their customers or collaborators.
It is possible to turn into a gathering manager by being employed as a celebration coordinator with a celebration or occurrence firm. The companies that seek the services of occasion planners want those who can also work as part of their staff members so that they will not have to spend them. You could grow to be a celebration advisor from engaging in affair preparing work as a possible separate contractor, however. An impartial specialist work will allow you to function as your personal boss and then make your very own several hours, when you adhere to the arrangement you finalized.
There are several items to consider when you need in becoming a gathering adviser. The vital thing you should know is how you can system an event. After you do setting up for your own personal occasion, it will require time to make the celebration. You should be able to plan ahead allowing you to get ready almost everything for your visitors. You should certainly prepare the many information that may enter into generating your function a hit. Coming from the foodstuff, party invitations, entertainment and accessories and perhaps arrangements to the venue.
You will additionally will need so that you can know the people who will go to your occurrence allowing you to prepare routines that will get their attention. You could also support select how considerably to ask for for any foodstuff you intend to serve so that you don’t overcharge and undercharge. so that you will tend not to use up all your hard earned cash.
You can also get occurrence preparing tasks that can be done without any help. It is possible to work with occurrence experts to guarantee that the big event should go as arranged for the attendees. These consultants is often selected to provide advice about stuff like the place to setup the level, ways to spruce up the venue, and where you should assemble the adornments so your occurrence looks good. They can also help with some other aspects of your function including the fun and also the food.
Event preparing careers are not only for big providers and corporations. Many small business owners hire function organizers to arrange various functions. There are numerous prospects accessible to anyone who has the wish to be linked to most of these ventures. You will see that employed as a celebration advisor is definitely a fulfilling occupation, just since they are small establishments does not mean they are not able to hire function organizers.
When you select to the office just as one self-sufficient expert. You can actually be suitable for on your own or having a business that hires you to be a expert. In any case you can work tirelessly and find paid nicely for your endeavours. There are plenty of work opportunities from which to choose.
Should you be looking at getting to be an occasion coordinator, you simply must discover occurrence setting up,. That’s the best part about working as an occasion planner. You can turn into an occasion advisor from publications, the online market place, and personal practical experience. A good starting point is with any local library. If you are considering becoming a conference advisor, there are also quite a few web pages you could visit which will teach you how to be an event advisor. If you need to end up a conference advisor should be to study each and every celebration you are interested in prior to taking on affair advisor jobs, the simplest way to become a celebration coordinator would be to enroll in a specialized firm just like the American World of Function Organizers or ASEP.
The top action you can take. To enable them successful, this way you will be aware precisely what the demands are for each event and what you must know. When you are familiar with the prerequisites of each affair, you will be aware just what you must do just to be successful.
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Great tips associated with the issues on this page, you could like: | <urn:uuid:b39bfa4f-20cf-469f-89e1-c0ab0bd997f4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://riverbluecross.com/suggestions-for-becoming-an-occasion-planner/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.967181 | 1,060 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Eddie Chikamhi Senior Sports Reporter
DAVID “Yogi” Mandigora vividly remembers the events of that afternoon of June 7, 1980, when he headed home an equaliser at a packed Rufaro against Zambia.
Shacky Tauro then buried the winner in a match that marked the beginning of the long-standing football rivalry.
It was supposed to be a friendly match to celebrate Zimbabwe’s Independence, but the Zambians were infuriated by the Warriors’ second goal, which they claimed was scored from an off-side position.
Chipolopolo were so livid their captain Jan Simulambo suggested, “even a pilot in a jumbo jet could have seen that Shacky Tauro was off-side.”
It was a tense finish to a four-team tournament that also featured Mozambique and Malawi. Mandigora, who had a brilliant outing that year, becoming the first person to win the Soccer Star of the Year award in post-Independence Zimbabwe, relieved the memories.
“We had a very strong team and Zambia also had some big names and a solid squad that could beat any team on any day,’’ said Mandigora.
“But, no side were prepared to lose. Our team had some talented players, but we lacked exposure to international football.
“Both teams played well and we won the game. But the Zambians were not happy with the result.
“They claimed Tauro’s goal should not have stood.
“I think this is when the rivalry between the two brotherly countries really started because a few months later they invited us for another friendly in Zambia and the reception we got when we got there, it didn’t feel like it was a friendly.’’
That Zambia team was not an ordinary side.
They had legendary players like Peter Kaumba, Ken Mwape, Godfrey “Ucar” Chitalu, Alex Chola, Moses Simwala, Evans Katebe and Simulambo.
The Warriors then had a collection of talented players like goalkeeper Frank Mkanga, Graham Boyle, Oliver Kateya, Sunday Chidzambwa, Ephert Lungu, David Muchineripi, Robert Godoka, Wonder Phiri, Tauro, Joseph Zulu and Onias Musana.
From a goal down in the final, Zimbabwe staged a great comeback against Zambia.
Rufaro, which was packed to the rafters, erupted when Tauro doubled the tally for the hosts, courtesy of another cross by the industrious Kateya.
Since that drama of the Independence Cup final in 1980, the Warriors have played Chipolopolo not less than 46 times in friendly matches and competitions such as the African Cup of Nations qualifiers, COSAFA and CECAFA.
The anti-climax for Zimbabwe in the Battle of the Zambezi was in 1993 when Zambia shattered the dreams of their neighbours with a late header at the National Sports Stadium to deny them a maiden appearance at the AFCON tournament.
The Dream Team, which for many years was described as the Golden Generation of Zimbabwean football, was on the threshold of the 1994 finals in Tunisia.
But, Zambian legend Kalusha Bwalya headed past Bruce Grobbelaar to silence the 60 000-seater stadium in just one moment.
The Dream Team was packed with talent in every department, from the goalkeeper Grobbelaar, Mercedes “Rambo” Sibanda, Henry “Bully” McKop, captain Ephraim Chawanda, Norman Mapeza, Benjamin Nkonjera, Vitalis Takawira, Rahman Gumbo, Adam Ndlovu, Agent “Ajira” Sawu and speedy winger Peter Ndlovu.
Zambia had lost virtually an entire team a few months earlier in a plane crash and had a new generation of players coming up under the strong influence of Bwalya.
“I watched that game and I remember very well how disappointing it was. We needed a win, but then with a few minutes remaining, we conceded. It was disappointing, that’s how tense it has been between Zimbabwe and Zambia,” said Mandigora.
Source : The Herald | <urn:uuid:1b7e3a91-16c6-4ec6-9ef9-83581350f672> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://zimbabwe-today.com/drama-behind-birth-of-battle-of-zambezi/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.966898 | 917 | 1.5 | 2 |
If there is one process that a cell must do right, it is copying its DNA before division, and making sure that the chromosomes are distributed properly to the daughter cells. This is even more important for unicellular organisms. Yet, Carpediemonas membranifera, a unicellular organism that lives on marine shorelines, misses genes that are vital to copying and distributing its DNA. Eelco Tromer, an evolutionary cell biologist at the University of Groningen, was part of the team that described this strange creature in Nature Communications on 14 October.
‘My expertise is finding genes that other people can’t see,’ says Tromer. He recently moved from the University of Cambridge to the University of Groningen, after receiving a Veni grant from the Dutch Research Council (NWO). Recently, his Canadian colleagues searched for but could not find some vital genes in the free-living protist Carpediemonas membranifera. ‘It lives on the seabed in intertidal sediments that are low in oxygen, where it feeds on bacteria,’ explains Tromer. Some groups of single-cell protists that live in the sea have lost all or some of their mitochondria, the energy factories that need oxygen to function. Surprisingly, however, the genes that were lost in Carpediemonas were involved in DNA replication and chromosome segregation.
Some parasites which have lost genes that code for proteins that are needed in copying and segregating DNA may use host proteins instead. To find a free-living eukaryotic cell, which has a nucleus just like our cells, without these proteins was unexpected. Therefore, Tromer was asked for a second opinion. He uses software programs and has a lot of knowledge about molecular evolution. ‘I have previously studied the loss of genes that code for the kinetochore, a protein complex that is involved in separating chromosomes during cell division.’ With his experience and programs, he can recognize genes that have changed significantly. But in this case, he could not find them either.
Tromer confirmed that the protist C. membranifera lacked some of the genes that code for kinetochore proteins. ‘This is not uncommon, as the kinetochore evolves very rapidly, so there is some precedent for missing otherwise conserved parts.’ However, the protist was also missing some genes that are vital to the copying of chromosomes before cell division. ‘It lacks genes for a protein that finds the starting point for copying these chromosomes. But it is still able to copy its DNA, so we must assume that there is some other molecular system that has taken over this function.’
Tromer has not been able to pinpoint how the protist can thrive without these genes. ‘This organism is tricky to culture; it has a diet of specific bacteria and needs an almost oxygen-free environment.’ C. membranifera has not been studied extensively, and consequently, very few research tools have been developed to probe its genome. ‘We might have to turn to some more basic, old-fashioned techniques to study the protein complexes in Carpediemonas,’ says Tromer.
The fact that vital genes are missing shows how flexible evolution can be. It also shows that some dogmas in molecular evolutionary biology are wrong, explains Tromer: ‘The idea was that if a gene is conserved between yeast and humans, you may assume that it is present in all eukaryotes. Yet there are exceptions, as a lot of unicellular eukaryotes are much further removed from humans than yeast.’ This makes the reconstruction of the last common ancestor of all eukaryotes more complex.
All this does not explain how a cell can survive without the conventional genes for DNA replication and chromosome segregation. ‘I have only looked at genetic data. However, similar proteins can arise from a highly divergent genetic code.’ In that case, Tromer would not recognize the gene as one involved in the copying of DNA or distribution of chromosomes. ‘Maybe we can use the recently developed AlphaFold program, which predicts the 3D structure of proteins based on the genetic sequence. But that is likely to take a lot of computing power.’ Fortunately, the University of Groningen operates some quite powerful systems. ‘So, I’m trying to get this going.’
Reference: Dayana E. Salas-Leiva, Eelco C. Tromer, Bruce A. Curtis, Jon Jerlström-Hultqvist, Martin Kolisko, Zhenzhen Yi, Joan S. Salas-Leiva, Lucie Gallot-Lavallée, Shelby K. Williams, Geert J.P.L. Kops, John M. Archibald, Alastair G. B. Simpson and Andrew J. Roger: Genomic analysis finds no evidence of canonical eukaryotic DNA processing complexes in a free-living protist. Nature Communications, 14 October 2021
Dr Annette Scheepstra of the UG Arctic Centre, part of the Faculty of Arts, is about to conduct research into tourism in Antarctica and how tourists can become Antarctic ambassadors. She has been granted €1 million in funding by the Dutch Research...
The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) has appointed Professor Maria Loi and Professor Dirk Slotboom from the Faculty of Science and Engineering as members of the Academy.
The Dutch Research Council (NWO) has awarded three Vici grants, worth €1.5 million each, to three UG researchers. Prof. J.W Romeijn, Prof. S. Hoekstra, Prof. K.I. Caputi can use this money to develop an innovative line of research and to set up...
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If no choice is made, only basic cookies will be stored. More information | <urn:uuid:75a5bc03-7f19-4f94-a24b-db6c209fca37> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.rug.nl/sciencelinx/nieuws/2021/10/mysterious-organism-lacks-genes-that-are-vital-to-copying-and-distributing-its-dna?lang=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.955294 | 1,267 | 3.671875 | 4 |
Ms Colnan encouraged the younger students to “try hard each day, really listen in class, be brave, be kind, be the very best learner and friend that you can be.”
“I believe that School should be a happy place where all your dreams come true,” Ms Colnan told students.
“This year you will have so many opportunities, so get involved, explore, and pursue new adventures.”
She shared the theme for this year, Beautiful Work.
“Each one of you has a special role to play in that. It’s work that comes from trying hard and doing your best, it’s your work and work that you are proud of, and when you try hard in class and really listen to your teacher about what you have done well and how you can improve, then wonderful things start to happen.”
Ms Colnan shared a clip of Austin’s Butterfly, which tells the story of a teacher who asks a student to draw a butterfly using the eyes of a scientist.
She shared with students the key lessons to take away from the video: Try your hardest, do your best, use the eyes of scientists, listen to others, believe in yourself, know that you can improve, be kind.
Grace and Orlando shared their personal experiences from Primary School and reminded students to always be kind.
Grace shared a piece of advice, to have fun and learn lots.
“Enjoy as much as you can, enjoy all the amazing thing you are learning, all the incredible projects you are going to work on, and please say hi to Orlando and I in the corridor, we will always be there to say hello to you and we hope you have a great year,” Grace said.
The Stage 1 Assembly ended with students clapping and bopping in their seats to an Islander clapping dance, led by Acting Director of Music Nik Glass.
Ms Colnan showed the Year 11 students an inspiring video about students in a small town who marched to show solidarity against a racial hate crime.
She reminded the Year 11 students of the direct relationship between academic effort and academic achievement.
And she asked them to connect with each other, to care for each other, to aim for IGS being a safe place for every student every day, and to be kind. | <urn:uuid:27045ba6-4939-4c35-980f-94f40eab64df> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.igssyd.nsw.edu.au/blog/encouraging-students-to-be-the-best-learner-and-friend/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.960149 | 485 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Community-based approaches are a critical foundation for many health outcomes, including reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health (RMNCH). Evidence is a vital part of strengthening that foundation, but largely focuses on the technical content of what must be done, rather than on how disparate community actors continuously interpret, implement and adapt interventions in dynamic and varied community health systems. We argue that efforts to strengthen evidence for community programmes must guard against the hubris of relying on a single approach or hierarchy of evidence for the range of research questions that arise when sustaining community programmes at scale. Moving forward we need a broader evidence agenda that better addresses the implementation realities influencing the scale and sustainability of community programmes and the partnerships underpinning them if future gains in community RMNCH are to be realised. This will require humility in understanding communities as social systems, the complexity of the interventions they engage with and the heterogeneity of evidence needs that address the implementation challenges faced. It also entails building common ground across epistemological word views to strengthen the robustness of implementation research by improving the use of conceptual frameworks, addressing uncertainty and fostering collaboration. Given the complexity of scaling up and sustaining community RMNCH, ensuring that evidence translates into action will require the ongoing brokering of relationships to support the human creativity, scepticism and scaffolding that together build layers of evidence, critical thinking and collaborative learning to effect change.
- intervention study
- other study design
- health systems
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We argue against the hubris of relying on one form or hierarchy of evidence to sustain community programmes at scale.
Humility in revisiting how we see communities, understand interventions and frame evidence uses, opens up the need for a broader range and better fit between research questions, designs and types of evidence.
Implementing and sustaining community programmes at scale must embrace humanity in all its complexity and corresponding research should:
Use conceptual frameworks that consider the complexity and context embeddedness of interventions.
Explore contradictory or negative evidence and respect each research tradition for its own ways of ensuring confidence in research findings.
Collaborate with and align expectations among a broader range of stakeholders in evidence gathering, interpretation and use.
Since the Alma-Ata Declaration, community-based approaches have been enshrined by the global health community as central to primary healthcare. Despite this recognition and numerous successful experiences, working with communities is often poorly understood, not sufficiently or appropriately invested in and, in some settings, considered only as an afterthought. While often considered as a disadvantaged geographic location or a disenfranchised denomination, communities are also sites of transformation, intrinsically and strategically vital to improving and sustaining health and well-being. Their expertise, capacities and ownership, coupled with support from external actors and resources, can drive innovations and sustain meaningful change essential for overcoming enduring health deficits and disparities.1 2
Evidence supports working with communities as a key foundation for improved reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health (RMNCH). Several systematic reviews,3–7 prioritisation exercises8 9 and global recommendations clarify the knowledge base and strengthen research underpinning community-level interventions. These research efforts play an important role in galvanising support for effective action for improving community programmes.
These prior evidence initiatives largely focus on the technical content of what must be done, rather than how implementation processes in dynamic and diverse health systems sustain community programmes at scale.10 Dominant research paradigms focus on discerning the effects of discrete interventions, yet most practitioners and community members do not implement singular interventions in isolation. At the community level, they must address multiple, at times competing, health needs through various health actions and interventions involving disparate actors, embedded in contested power relations. A range of supportive systems are required to broker community partnerships that embrace this complexity and implementation uncertainty. Considering these needs, we outline ways of enriching our appreciation of implementation realities in which community programmes take place, and ways to strengthen the research foundation to address these realities.
Understanding community implementation realities
Revisiting how we see communities, how we understand interventions and the corresponding heterogeneity of evidence needs and uses is critical to gaining a better appreciation of community programme implementation realities.
Communities: social systems versus passive beneficiaries
Challenges in scaling up community health efforts are often argued to be due to incapacity, intransigent behaviours or insufficient and insecure investments. We argue that these are not just a matter of missing inputs or correcting behaviour, but are surface manifestations of the complex nature of many community-based approaches. Characteristics of complex systems include those that involve a large number of diverse elements, that interact dynamically, often in non-linear ways, informed by direct and indirect feedback, in open systems with memory and adaptive capacities.11 Many of these interactions are not well explored, yet the effects of community interventions have interactive and intergenerational effects. While individual health outcomes are measured, the trajectory of a family’s or community’s health for many years is rarely assessed. We expand our evaluation horizons by drawing on the notion of complexity to understand communities as social and political systems; recognising the diversity they embody and the inequalities that mark them; their linkages with other resources and social forces and their ability to learn, promote or resist the social changes within and around them.
While ideally communities are meant to cohere with commonality, or a shared sense of belonging, they also can embody significant ambiguity, heterogeneity, disparity and contestation.12–15 Community efforts are often idealised as equitable, but they may ignore, or even at times, abet forces of inequity and marginalisation within communities, which in turn impacts programme outcomes. Attention to how different subgroups within communities may stand to gain or lose differentially due to an intervention is critical (box 1).
Examples of how social hierarchies influence community health programmes
Community health workers may provide less services to community members outside of their kinship ties and female community health workers may face significant gender norms constraining their performance.67 68
Caste hierarchies can influence who participates in village health committees and their ability to effectively contribute to health facilities.69
The extent of income inequality and ethnic fractionalisation also affects community social accountability efforts.70
As more interventions are loaded onto community platforms, community health workers may mobilise for more formal recognition, and communities themselves may want more professionalised service providers.71 72
An emphasis on literacy to maintain logbooks and financial compensation for time use may change the profile of community health workers to more educated, male members, with trade-offs related to retention due to competing labour markets.73
Communities are diverse and fluid entities within and across contexts, and their character and ability to act is influenced by their contextual interlinkages to other actors and determinants, over which they may have little control.1 16–19 Stressing the importance of contextual determinants does not mean that communities are helpless victims of contextual factors.20 Guided by current learning and past shared experience, community interest, decision-making and ability to participate in health initiatives is dynamic and can vary over time21–23 (box 2).
Examples of how contextual factors interact with community programmes
A community volunteer program in Ghana substantially increased newborn care seeking and referral compliance, however poor quality of care at health facilities undercut the credibility of referrals made by community volunteers. 74
Successful advocacy by community volunteers in Chattisgarh, India, led to improvements in facility care in terms of physician attendance, out-of-pocket payments and malpractice.75
As women’s groups mobilise around improving newborn health outcomes, they may also want to act on other issues due to the capacities built and as interests, expectations and needs evolve.76
Once treatment levels for certain conditions such as onchocerciasis reduce the visibility of skin disorders and the experience of blindness in communities, community distributors may have a harder time sustaining adherence than previously when symptoms were common and visible.77
Framing communities as social and political complex systems entails investing more strongly in engagement processes to properly consider multiple community actors and perspectives and the negotiated power relations between them. Often planned, but not consistently implemented, continuous dialogue and learning mechanisms are required as assumptions underpinning planning and implementation need revisiting, since communities are evolving themselves, adapting to interventions and changing contextual realities. Research initiatives need to invest time into these consultative processes over the course of the project. Throughout transparency, trust and legitimacy among community members and between communities and external actors are essential but neglected characteristics of community-level initiatives.1
Interventions: as social processes dynamically evolving with social context
Alongside the complexity of communities as social systems are the interventions implemented with and by them. Interventions often describe commodities, technologies or actions that have a direct effect on health (eg, oral rehydration salts (ORS) and zinc, rapid diagnostic tests, vaccination). However, they also include community processes involving numerous, diverse actors and interactions with more distal effects on health (eg, promoting awareness of maternal health rights, changing social norms around female genital mutilation/cutting, improving social accountability for better RMNCH services). Once implemented and sustained at scale, interventions are also social processes that evolve and adapt in interaction with dynamic contexts,24–26 shaped by different social actors and their intersecting ideologies, relationships, interests, values, routines and resources.23 27
One way to discern the social processes involved is to assess their complexity and context embeddedness within dynamic health systems. Numerous typologies exist for classifying interventions by their design characteristics,28–30 including those that define complexity by the number and diversity of actors involved, and the number and type of interactions they engage in.31 32 Drawing on these previous efforts, we provide an initial framework for understanding the complexity and context embeddedness of community interventions by differentiating (a) intervention characteristics, (b) delivery strategies, (c) community contexts and (d) the dynamic health systems within which implementation occurs (figure 1).
We use this framework to contrast the complexity and contextual considerations involved in two examples of community RMNCH interventions: zinc for the management of acute diarrhoea in children and participatory action women’s groups (table 1). While zinc and ORS as commodities may not change, their interpretations and use by caregivers and providers in varied settings are not always as simple as anticipated. Nonetheless, the comparative complexity of women’s groups generally entails a larger number of elements that interact in potentially more unpredictable ways.
Understanding the complexities and context embeddedness of community interventions as social processes is necessary because issues of scale and sustainability are not about replicating fixed, stable interventions. Community RMNCH is inherently about how diverse actors interpret, respond and adapt to the social changes brokered and unleashed by interventions and programmes. We therefore need to better understand the fluidity of interventions because effects cannot be assumed to be universal or stable over time. This entails continuous assessment of how diverse stakeholders view and dynamically respond to interventions, along with holistic theories or pathways of effect as the boundaries and pathways of an intervention are more varied and more porous than initially anticipated. This has implications for facilitating implementation, and for the varied evaluation needs that arise.26 33
Evidence: heterogeneity versus hierarchy of needs and uses
In instances of high complexity, adaptation is a critical, ongoing process that needs to be explored intentionally, as contexts, actors and interventions themselves change due to feedback effects.30 32 34 ,35 Such an exploration may change understanding of if and how the intervention works, as well as the very nature and boundaries of the intervention itself.7In such contexts, efforts to achieve fidelity to the original intervention design may not be appropriate or may even be counterproductive.27 36 The question ‘does the intervention work?', supported by mode 1 science that is investigator-driven, discovery oriented research conforming to ‘scaling up known solutions using implementation by edict’37 may distract from other research needs.
Generating evidence that supports sustaining complex community interventions and programmes at scale is also about understanding ‘how does the intervention evolve to work with different actors and contexts which are dynamically interacting with one another?’ This requires mode 2 research that is coproduced by researchers and implementers and therefore supports local capacity to experiment and innovate based on learning about what works to address specific problems in a particular context and mobilising commitments to implement.26 38 39 Evidence that supports implementation may focus on how to learn from error and aide local problem solving and critical thinking based on analytical generalisation, rather than trying to find universal solutions that are then subsequently adapted to local contexts later.
Multiple reviews and commentaries on scaling up that have concluded that there is no blue print plan that is applicable to all contexts.10 40 41 Critical factors supporting scale up include understanding and modifying the nature of the intervention—with the engagement of multiple stakeholders—supported by data and dialogue that address context-specific needs and further innovation.42 43 Ownership that ensures relevance and fit is vital at multiple levels of the health system. Research should directly support critical thinking and learning that ensures that interventions are addressing the right needs for the right populations at the right times.
Furthermore, as evidence is socially constructed, it reflects how questions, research methodologies, values and social relationships combine to generate it.13 44 Because it reflects power relations, evidence may not reflect the perspectives of all stakeholders, particularly those at community level.13 Research prioritisation exercises for integrated community case management for sick children (iCCM) have shown that research questions deemed important by national and regional actors were different from those based in the headquarters of global health agencies.9 More in-depth analysis showed that while international actors were concerned with evidence from effectiveness studies, national actors drew on national monitoring data and local studies to answer questions related to feasibility and fit.45 It is imperative that existing biases in how global agendas for research in community RMNCH are set are recognised and addressed.
When considering issues of implementation, scale and sustainability, rather than constrain learning to a hierarchy of evidence, we need to match the varied needs arising from the diverse types of learning and engagement of key stakeholders whose capacity is being built to support and sustain further innovation and implementation over time.27 46 This liberates us to consider a broader range of research questions,47 but also to broaden the types of stakeholders engaged in research and the terms of that engagement.48
Building common ground across evidence frontiers
The call to expand evidence strategies has been heightened by the increasing emphasis on implementation research and delivery science.49 50 Implementation research is multidisciplinary, drawing from public policy analysis and more recent efforts to improve clinical and public health practice. Implementation research aims to inquire into ‘the act of carrying an intervention into effect’ and involves addressing implementation barriers in real-world settings rather than controlled settings.51 Furthermore, Edwards and Barker52 argue that this type of research is anchored by its consideration of context, specifically how context ’shapes and interacts with interventions, and how interventions are modified/adapted by patients, providers, organisations and communities in response to shifting contextual circumstances'. A focus on how implementation effects the actors involved, their interactions, mindsets, relationships, resources and discretionary power is critical.27 53 54
A range of study designs and methods have been recommended to advance implementation research51 with very different world views. Positivist epistemologies, perceive facts to be objectively verified and universal, contrast with relativist worldviews, where social realities are more fluid and dynamic, varying by context and interpreted viewpoints. Despite these differences, it is the nature of the research problem and question that drives the call for whether and how to pragmatically combine these different epistemological approaches to evidence.55 Common elements for ensuring robustness of research need to be strengthened for future investments in evidence for community programmes. As detailed in the next sections, these include better mapping and building of conceptual frameworks to interpret evidence and embrace complexity and context rather than controlling or adjusting for it; using multiple data points to understand phenomena and search for plausible alternative explanations and the terms of engagement for diverse stakeholders.
Conceptual frameworks that embrace complexity and context
The universal ambitions of impact evaluations and the local relevance and ownership of participatory, qualitative or mixed methods studies, are both strengthened by mapping out pathways of change supported by community interventions. Conceptual frameworks, logic models and theories of change are all different breeds, but they belong in the same species of maps that can build a deeper understanding of an intervention, as well as foster dialogue and improved governance of the diverse actors involved in implementation.
Conceptual frameworks can clarify the intended goal of an intervention and anticipate the factors that lead towards that goal in distinct contexts, while also providing a broader theoretical and contextual understanding for a programme’s approach. For example, efforts to strengthen village health committees tend to focus on tangible inputs and outputs (training, guidelines, number of meetings held). While these are important, a broader conceptualisation considers several contextual factors—including community and health facility staff awareness, trust, perception of benefits, resources and social inequalities. These are dynamic and malleable in nature depending on the nature of broader structural elements (role of health administration, legislative reforms, markets, history of social movements, etc).20 56
By clarifying assumptions, identifying hypotheses about pathways of effects that need to be tested and more realistically documenting the duration of implementation required to achieve desired outcomes, conceptual frameworks can help to moderate expectations among stakeholders. For example, mapping out the complex pathways in which community scorecards effect change in communities and local health facilities, may help clarify reasonable expectations and timeframes. In doing so, frameworks can help to focus the purpose of evaluations, and clarify their limitations in terms of what can be changed and measured.
Conceptualised as ‘living tools’, frameworks reflect both an end product and process. Ideally, they are developed through a consultative process, and revised throughout the life of a project in response to early monitoring and evaluation data, changes in assumptions and/or programme design/implementation. Rather than a one-time investment, they should serve as a tool to support reflexivity and mark learning in intervention design and evaluation on an ongoing basis. Developing and revising conceptual frameworks can open up new lines of investigation and broaden the scope of what is relevant in understanding how the intervention works and why, particularly when new or contradictory information needs interpretation.
Contrasting data and counterfactuals
Experimental designs focus on narrowing uncertainty about effects through the use of counterfactuals and controlled implementation. In implementation research, this use of counterfactuals or comparisons should change with evolving research needs. For example, when focusing on efficacy and effectiveness, home-based treatment of neonatal sepsis by an externally supported community health worker (CHW) may be compared with the standard of care provided by a government-employed higher-level health worker. When focusing on delivery at scale, results will be more relevant when compared with a government-supported CHW that undertakes the same tasks, particularly when doing so in an integrated manner with other interventions, and working in a system with suboptimal supervision and fewer health system supports.
While the term ‘counterfactual’ is associated with experimental designs that demonstrate causality, its purpose of ruling out rival explanations can also be pursued for other types of research questions through a variety of means across research traditions. For example, triangulation is the process of ‘looking for patterns of convergence and divergence by comparing results across multiple sources of evidence’,55 whether across interviews capturing diverse stakeholder viewpoints; across different forms of data or different researchers. The purpose is to better understand the study realities, and this includes looking for negative evidence that contradicts assumptions made about the intervention or examining case studies that present divergent experiences of the intervention.
Research communities, including journals and research donors, need to value and encourage the publication of negative findings and unintended consequences, along with the reflections of what could have been done differently. Investing time into a robust conceptual framework helps ensure that additional data points for triangulation and further exploration of contradictory or divergent examples, results in a more comprehensive, contextualised and nuanced picture of the intervention. Expectations of quick answers from rapid qualitative assessments bely the time required for more in-depth ethnographic methods, which are more able to understand context, power relations and changing motivations underlining community interventions over time.23
Research is not just about formally confirming donor or manager tacit knowledge, but also about exploring alternative framings of the problems examined, supporting fair dealing of the range of data sources and perspectives available, to develop trustworthy findings.57 Depending on the research question and study design, confidence in research is not limited to statistical comparisons or large sample sizes. It can also arise by fostering long-term engagement and relationship building with a diversity of stakeholders.
Collaboration as the basis for evidence use and generation
There is a well-recognised gap between the production of research evidence and its translation into policies, programmes and practices, with processes for evidence generation and dissemination lagging behind political and management decision-making timelines.58 Beyond issues of timing, availability and relevance,58 59 evidence use, research uptake or knowledge translation is increasingly understood to be a multifaceted, iterative process imbued with power relations and systems dynamics that often defy or circumvent the traditional ‘pipeline’ theory of research-based evidence directly influencing policy and practice.60 61 In the instance of iCCM policy, diffusion occurred through a combination of learning, coercion and socialisation with international agencies treading a fine line between evidence brokers and policy advocates.62 In health systems, personal relationships between researchers and decision-makers, organisational embeddedness and credible reputations can be critical factors in knowledge translation.58 59 63
The kinds of relations needed are not simply political or personal, but also entail different actors bringing a spirit of collaboration and mutual learning, and building communities of knowledge.59 64 This entails supporting local capacity-building and creation of local forums, which routinely review evidence and implementation experiences at different levels of the health system. While learning communities and forms of embedded research encompass experts, policy makers or providers, experiences related to community participation illustrate key principles underlying such engagement.65
Community participation in evidence generation requires a significant shift in the approach that is taken to conduct research.15 Expertise and power are shared, multiple perspectives and types of knowledge are valued45 and a partnership between researchers and communities supports iterative successive stages of learning and action.
Despite its potential, several factors make community engagement challenging in research and evaluation. Some members or groups may refuse to participate or may only engage minimally or late in the research process, affecting representativeness.13 Participatory methods also take time to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the community experience and build collective agreement on actions to be taken.15 66 Researchers may also struggle with the dual identity of academic and facilitator in participatory research, and while these dual roles may turn out valuable for all actors involved, they entail additional competencies among researchers to effectively hold such a facilitative role.15 Finally, communities may develop expectations of researchers or their roles in the research process that do not align with those of the researchers, and derived learnings are not always the publishable findings that are sought by researchers.66
While numerous methods and tools are part of the repertoire of participatory approaches, what these challenges indicate is that an essential element are the principles of engagement underpinning them. Planning and review processes that support the rethinking and cocreation of the roles of researchers and communities may prevent or help navigate these challenges as they arise.15 65 Mechanisms that facilitate engagement need to be identified collaboratively so that they address the power relations and barriers that may continue to inhibit participation of marginalised groups. Clarification of community needs, expectations and rights needs to be communicated and negotiated clearly to sustain trust. In this way, principles of participatory research that aim to ensure that implementers and researchers remain or become accountable to the communities in which they work15 44 are relevant to consider for other types of research and programming aiming to improve community health. Fundamentally, none of these methods and tools will be effective without heightened awareness and self-reflection of all stakeholders, particularly researchers and donors. Audits that reveal potential biases in existing research funding flows are critical to aid self-correction.
Considering the challenges of sustaining complex community health systems at scale, engaging disparate actors across diverse and dynamic contexts, evidence is vital to strengthening its foundation. Efforts to strengthen evidence must guard against the hubris of relying on a single approach to evidence to answer the range of questions that community programmes will face. We need a broader evidence agenda, guided by the fit between research designs, research questions of varied types, which arise from involving diverse stakeholders engaged with improving and sustaining community programme implementation at scale.
Ensuring that evidence translates into action will require humility in understanding the heterogeneity of evidence needs, the dynamic nature of community contexts and the brokering of relationships that are key to supporting the scepticism and scaffolding that together build layers of evidence, critical thinking and collaborative learning to effect change. In building capacities to be responsive to the dynamic adaptations required to ensure effective community programmes across diverse and disparate contexts, such approaches to evidence and learning must embrace humanity in all its creativity and complexity.
Glossary of terms included in supplementary file 1.
Supplementary file 1
The authors are grateful to the two blind peer reviewers, as well as review comments provided by Nazo Kureshy, Melanie Morrow, Henry Perry, Jerome Pfaffmann Zambruni, Joseph Petraglia, Susan Rifkin, Gail Snetro and Rajani Ved during the drafting process. The authors also appreciate the feedback provided by meeting participants convened by the Maternal and Child Survival Program in Washington, District of Columbia, USA and by those convened by Lucy Gilson at the University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Handling editor Stephanie M Topp
Contributors ASG and AEL led the review with MS and AM with inputs from ES and ES. AG drafted the paper with inputs from all other coauthors. All authors reviewed and approved the last version of this article.
Funding This article was initially made possible by the generous support of the American people through the US Agency for International Development, under the terms of the Cooperative Agreement AID-OAA-A-14-00028. ASG was subsequently supported by the South African Research Chair’s Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation of South Africa (grant no 82769).
Disclaimer The contents are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the US Government. Any opinion, finding and conclusion or recommendation expressed in this material is that of the author and the NRF does not accept any liability in this regard.
Competing interests None declared.
Patient consent Not required.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.
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Our teeth are meant to last a lifetime. Sometimes, however, damage occurs to a tooth (often from a deep cavity or an injury that causes a tooth to crack) and the inside of the tooth becomes infected. This infection damages the pulp of the tooth – the network of blood vessels and nerves inside.
Left untreated, the damaged pulp can cause infection that will damage the bone around the tooth and cause swelling and pain. If the damaged tooth becomes infected, your dentist, or a dental specialist called an Endodontist, may have to perform an endodontic treatment (often called Root Canal Therapy) to save it.
Endodontic treatment involves opening the tooth, removing the damaged pulp, cleaning, shaping, filling and sealing the tooth. Depending upon how much infection there is in the injured tooth, your may be put on medicine before your dentist or Endodontist can begin to work. | <urn:uuid:e877ab61-ba26-47d2-bcc3-ac0758fba37e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.creeksidedentalinc.com/endodontics | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.951002 | 184 | 3.359375 | 3 |
After Brexit, UK will leave the European Union in March 2019 and as a result, EU nationals will have to apply for a new settled status. This new EU settled status is the new indefinite leave to remain (ILR) status, which will protect the rights of non-UK EU citizens after the separation of the UK from the EU in March 2019. So, this means that if you are an EU citizen and you along with your family want to continue to live in the UK after 31st December 2020 then you can apply for settled status. If you get EU settled status then you will be able to continue to live and work in the UK under this scheme. The deadline to apply will be 30 June 2021. You may be able to apply after this date if you are joining a family member with settled status in the UK.
Once you get settled status you can stay in the UK for as long as you wish to and you can also apply for British Citizenship provided you meet the eligibility requirements. Under this scheme, you will be able to spend up to 2 years outside the UK in a row without losing your settled status. However, this time limit is still subject to approval by Parliament. If you have children in the future after you have got settled status then they will automatically be British Citizens.
Rights you get with settled status
After receiving settled status you will be entitled to some rights, which are as following:
- You can work in the UK;
- You can use NHS;
- You can get an education or continue your study;
- You can access public funds such as benefits and pensions, provided you are eligible for them;
- You can bring your family members to the UK after 31 December 2020; and
- You can travel in and out of the UK.
Who should apply?
You need to be eligible in order to apply for settled status. Those eligibility conditions are the following:
- You need to be an EU citizen, or a family member of an EU citizen – including a durable partner or a child dependent under the age of 21 years;
- If you have been living in the UK continuously for 5 years means that you have ‘continuous residence’;
- If you have started living in the UK by 31 December 2020.
If you have lived in the UK for less than 5 years, then you will be able to apply for ‘pre-settled status’ instead of settled status. Also, you will need to apply despite the fact that you are an EU citizen married to a British citizen.
Those who are non-EU nationals
Those who are from outside EU can also apply provided they are in a relationship with EU citizen as one of the following:
- They are a spouse or civil partner.
- An unmarried partner having a residence card which proves their relationship.
Apart from being a spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner one who is from outside EU can also be related to an EU citizen, their spouse or civil partner as one of the following:
- Their child, grandchild or great-grandchild under 21 years old.
- They can be a dependent child above 21.
- They can be a dependent parent, grandparent or great-grandparent.
- They can be their dependent relatives with a residence card, which proves their relationship.
However, you will not be required to apply if you meet the following:
- You are an Irish Citizen.
- You already have ILR to live in the UK.
- You have indefinite leave to enter the UK.
But your family members will need to apply if they are outside UK and Ireland.
The possibility of applying for settled status before completing 5 years
In the following events you EU nationals will be able to apply for settled status without completing the 5 years residence –
- You have stopped working or being self-employed due to accident or illness and have lived in the UK for 2 years or married to or in a civil partnership with a British Citizen.
- Having reached the state pension age and were working or self-employed in the UK for 1 year and have lived in the UK for 3 years.
- If you are an EU citizen and started your work or self-employment in an EU country and have lived and worked or been self-employed in the UK for 3 years and you return to your UK home once a week. (family members are also eligible for settled status)
- If your EU family member has died and you have lived in the UK at least 2 years before their death. Their death was as a result of an accident at work or occupational disease.
Retention of Residence for Non-EU nationals
If you are a non-EU national and were married to an EU national you may be eligible for settled status after living for 5 years in the UK – if less than 5 years then you may be eligible for pre-settled status
- You EU –Citizen family member dies and you have lived in the UK for at least 1 year with your EU family member;
- You are a parent and have custody of a child or court order for the child to live with you;
- On termination of a marriage or civil partnership – you have been married or a civil partner for 3 years and have lived in the UK for 1 year; or have custody of an EU citizen child, or have right to access the to a child of EU citizen where the court has ordered such access; or you have been a victim of domestic violence whilst your marriage or civil partnership was subsisting.
When to apply?
You can apply for a new EU settlement scheme from March 2019 when the scheme will fully open. The last day for applying will be 30th June 2021. After this date, you may be able to apply if you are joining a family member who has settled or pre-settled status in the UK. You will be able to apply online application form.
Cost of application
The Home Office will charge a fee of £65 for adults and £32.50 for those under 16 on the date of application.... | <urn:uuid:ad740ba8-d3ca-46b3-9d27-d18d23de8983> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.visaandmigration.com/blog/the-eu-settled-status/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.972522 | 1,244 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Building Bridges is one of twelve projects funded by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation which aim to combat Islamophobia across West Yorkshire.
“We are looking for up to 20 inspiring and ambitious ‘Ambassadors’, male and female, who can collectively reflect the diverse Muslim communities of Leeds.”
Ambassadors will get the opportunity to:
- Attend two visioning and planning days (non-residential) on 16th and 23rd March 2013 (10am-4pm)
- Directly address Islamophobia by developing and delivering workshops and resources to a range of audiences via a ‘Roadshow’
- Gain accreditation in Leadership, Community Development and attend a Masterclass Media Workshop
- Shape agendas and contribute to policy issues
The deadline for applications is Friday 1st March. You can find more information and an application form at the Building Bridges website.
Wikipedia defines Islamophobia as “prejudice against, hatred towards, or irrational fear of Muslims.”
“In 1997, the British Runnymede Trust defined Islamophobia as the “dread or hatred of Islam and therefore, [the] fear and dislike of all Muslims,” stating that it also refers to the practice of discriminating against Muslims by excluding them from the economic, social, and public life of the nation. The concept also encompasses the opinions that Islam has no values in common with other cultures, is inferior to the West and is a violent political ideology rather than a religion.” | <urn:uuid:0e3eb3eb-94a7-43dc-b818-7972e983b106> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://southleedslife.com/hamara-seeks-ambassadors-to-help-combat-islamophobia/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.932802 | 308 | 2.421875 | 2 |
These regional events will empower Americans to engage in robust discussion of pertinent issues and solutions to achieve the Conference goal of developing a roadmap to improve nutrition, end hunger, and reduce diet-related chronic diseases in the United States by 2030. They aim to engage participation and input from multisector stakeholders, including those who can bring perspectives on diverse lived experiences in the food and nutrition opportunities and challenges facing the nation.
The discussions and outcomes from each event will be summarized as standalone outputs and will also inform a final report of policy recommendations that will be submitted to the White House for its consideration as it plans the Conference.
Events focused on elevating the voices of people who have important lived experiences with hunger, food and nutrition insecurity, and diet-related health conditions to help ensure that any proposed policy solutions center their experiences and needs.
Events focused on convening critical viewpoints to identify actionable and equitable federal policy solutions on how to end hunger, improve nutrition, and reduce diet-related chronic diseases in the United States. | <urn:uuid:4732596e-a1e7-420b-befa-c741447fef85> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://informingwhc.org/regional-events/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.944189 | 207 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Validation Data Gallery
|Positive WB detected in||A431 cells, RAW 264.7 cells|
|Positive IP detected in||mouse skin tissue|
|Positive IHC detected in||human skin cancer tissue, human kidney tissue|
Note: suggested antigen retrieval with TE buffer pH 9.0; (*) Alternatively, antigen retrieval may be performed with citrate buffer pH 6.0
|Positive IF detected in||HepG2 cells|
|Western Blot (WB)||WB : 1:200-1:1000|
|Immunoprecipitation (IP)||IP : 0.5-4.0 ug for IP and 1:200-1:1000 for WB|
|Immunohistochemistry (IHC)||IHC : 1:50-1:500|
|Immunofluorescence (IF)||IF : 1:10-1:100|
|Sample-dependent, check data in validation data gallery|
12604-1-AP targets IFIT2 in WB, IP, IHC, IF, ELISA applications and shows reactivity with human, mouse samples.
|Tested Reactivity||human, mouse|
|Cited Reactivity||human, mouse|
|Host / Isotype||Rabbit / IgG|
|Immunogen||IFIT2 fusion protein Ag3283|
|Full Name||IFIT 2|
|Calculated molecular weight||484 aa, 56 kDa|
|Observed molecular weight||50-55 kDa|
|GenBank accession number||BC032839|
|Gene ID (NCBI)||3433|
|Purification Method||Antigen affinity purification|
|Storage Buffer||PBS with 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol pH 7.3.|
|Storage Conditions||Store at -20°C. Stable for one year after shipment. Aliquoting is unnecessary for -20oC storage.|
IFIT2 belongs to the IFIT family. It contains 6 TPR repeats. IFIT genes comprise a large family with three (Ifit1, Ifit2, and Ifit3) and four (IFIT1, IFIT2, IFIT3, and IFIT5) members in mice and humans, respectively. IFIT proteins are produced in human body that are supposed to confer immunity against viral infection. These proteins are generally produced during viral infection, IFN treatment, and during pathogen recognition (Pathogen associated molecular pattern recognition) by immune system during infections.
|Product Specific Protocols|
|WB protocol for IFIT2 antibody 12604-1-AP||Download protocol|
|IHC protocol for IFIT2 antibody 12604-1-AP||Download protocol|
|IF protocol for IFIT2 antibody 12604-1-AP||Download protocol|
|IP protocol for IFIT2 antibody 12604-1-AP||Download protocol|
|Click here to view our Standard Protocols|
The histone chaperone HIRA promotes the induction of host innate immune defences in response to HSV-1 infection.
Wellcome Open Res
Cell Cycle Checkpoints Cooperate to Suppress DNA- and RNA-Associated Molecular Pattern Recognition and Anti-Tumor Immune Responses.
ISG15-dependent Activation of the RNA Sensor MDA5 and its Antagonism by the SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease.
The Small t Antigen of JC Virus Antagonizes RIG-I-Mediated Innate Immunity by Inhibiting TRIM25's RNA Binding Ability.
Human IFIT3 Protein Induces Interferon Signaling and Inhibits Adenovirus Immediate Early Gene Expression. | <urn:uuid:457dab8e-9c0c-4e41-acfa-d7f3c96ae995> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ptglab.com/products/IFIT2-Antibody-12604-1-AP.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.730558 | 912 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Last week we learned about a bug in iOS which made devices crash if they received a specific string of characters. Well, now it’s Skype’s turn, which seems to suffer from a similar problem, but with worse consequences.
Users have discovered that receiving a message with the characters "https://:", without the quotes, renders many of Skype’s apps unusable, as they instantly crash. What’s worse is that once that message is in your chat history, the apps will crash continuously upon restarting.
So far it looks like the desktop version of Skype as well as iOS and Android clients are vulnerable to this bug, while the Modern Windows app and the OS X clients are unaffected. Unfortunately there doesn’t seem to be any easy fix to this.
The only workaround seems to be quite convoluted, as the sender has to delete the message with the characters, and then the receiver needs to install an older version of Skype. However, it’s not clear whether this actually works.
Skype sent VentureBeat an official statement acknowledging the problem and saying the team is working to find a solution, so until then you'll need to hang tight. | <urn:uuid:319d7cb2-572d-4831-8a25-b570b6fe0bdd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.neowin.net/news/string-of-characters-can-crash-you-skype-app-for-good/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.970022 | 243 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Distributed computing – we hear the term practically day by day. However, exactly what is distributed computing? That is, by all accounts, a typical inquiry.
In June of this year, TELUS and IDC Canada delivered an examination on distributed computing which overviewed 200 Canadian business and IT chiefs and chiefs everywhere Canadian organizations (500+ representatives) over a scope of industry areas.
The investigation found that 73% of Canadian organizations overviewed needed something more or had just a base degree of information to settle on choices on whether to utilize a cloud service company or their inner IT division.
An ongoing content from eweek.com additionally demonstrates that there is a lot of disarray about distributed computing.
The article refers to an ongoing report authorized by Citrix Systems which remembered in excess of 1000 grown-ups for the U.S.
The examination demonstrated that most respondents imagined that the cloud is identified with climate. 51% of respondents imagined that the climate could meddle with distributed computing.
In spite of the disarray, the examination additionally found that 67% of members are used cloud help today with models remembering for line banking, shopping, informal institutions, and document sharing.
Further, 59% of respondents illustrate that they accept that the “work environment of things to come” will be in the cloud, which is fairly opposing to the pervasiveness of distributed computing today.
This understanding above mirrors what we find among our own customers. Information on distributed computing is generally restricted, and accordingly, associations might be passing up critical options to make their business more landed by diminishing expense and danger.
Our belief is that this article gives knowledge into distributed computing to assist you with surveying its fit for your business prerequisites.
What is distributed computing?
Above all else, it’s valuable to understand where the term distributed computing originated from. It probably started from the utilization of a cloud picture to speak to an organized figuring climate or the web.
A fast Google search will uncover various define for distributed calculate. I got from Wikipedia which distinguishes distributed digitalized as the conveyance of figuring as assistance whereby shared assets, organize and data are given to PCs and different gadgets as a utility, like the power matrix, over an organization which is regularly the web.
What are the different distributed computing models?
To sift through a portion of the disarray around distributed calculate, it is useful to understand the various cloud administration models, of which there are three – programming as assistance (SaaS).
SaaS is the most widely known kind of cloud admin. SaaS is at times alluded to as on appeal programming. With SaaS, programming and its connected information are midway facilitated and are normally gotten to over the web utilizing a program. What are a few instances of SaaS?
MailChimp, the application we use to convey our pamphlets, is a model. Google Apps is another model as is Dropbox, and the rundown keeps on extending.
PaaS gave the conveyance of a registering stage and expected answers to encourage the sending of uses without putting resources into the expense and intricacy of equipment and programming. A few instances of PaaS incorporate Microsoft Azure and Google’s App Engine.
The IaaS administration model permits customers to maintain a strategic distance from the acquirement of workers, programming, server farm space, and organization hardware. Such assets are given as completely redistributed assistance.
Notwithstanding the various cloud admin models, it’s helpful to comprehend the conveyance models through which distributed computing is disseminated. The primary conveyance models incorporate public, private, network, and a half and half.
A public cloud offers foundation and answers for the overall population and is commonly possessed by an enormous association that sells cloud administrations.
A private cloud is planned solely for one corporation. A private cloud might be why the association which utilizes it, or by an outsider, and the foundation might be situated on the site of the cloud client or somewhere else.
A people type cloud is shared by a few federations and supports a network of clients, for the most part with some regular intrigue, for example, admin examine.
A half and half cloud model contain at least two mists, for instance, public and private cloud bound jointly by innovation to encourage information sharing and convey ability.
Egnyte, a document putting away and sharing assistance, is a case of a half and half distributed computing arrangement.
What are a few advantages of distributed computing?
Recently I took an interest in an online course that highlighted a round table of CFO’s remarking on what they obtained to be the significant advantages of distributed computing. The advantages referred to incorporate the accompanying:
- Cost reserve funds over on location establishments
- Anywhere whenever access through an Internet association
- Reduced reliance on IT uphold
- Cloud arrangements are regularly quicker to convey than on location arrangements
- Cloud arrangements normally empower associations to become tied up with a greater item with substantially more usefulness which would be cost restrictive if comparative usefulness was procured through a non-cloud nearby arrangement
- IT can zero in additional on esteem add exercises rather than overseeing IT foundation since framework the executives movements to the cloud supplier
- Cloud arrangements normally add to the accompanying:
o More convenient money related data
o Optimizing business measures
o Connecting with representatives and empowering staff to work distantly
What is a portion of the dangers and concerns related to distributed computing?
Notwithstanding the advantages, there are various normal concerns related to distributed computing. It is critical to deliberately consider hazards that could harm your delicate data, any way of whether you are evaluating cloud or on location arrangements.
In doing as such, it is additionally essential to assess hazards related to cloud arrangements with regards to comparative dangers you could look at with your own nearby other options.
The most well-known concern is security. For generally little and medium-sized associations, security with cloud arrangements is frequently in a way that is better than on location arrangements in light of the fact that legitimate cloud organizing suppliers can put resources into the ranges of facility and capacities to address developing and advancing dangers.
Numerous little and fair size associations depend on low maintenance IT uphold or have no devoted IT uphold by any means.
This joined with continually developing IT chances, would will, in general propose that generally little and medium federation can’t stay aware of dangers to their data asset.
To address security concerns, a trustworthy cloud supplier ought to have the option to give confirmation pertinent to the accompanying:
- Access to information – There ought to be an unbending validation measure that all clients ought to experience to get to their information
- Transmission – Data ought to be encoded as it goes from your nearby site to the cloud specialist organization
- Network – Strong security ought to be set up to ensure the cloud supplier’s organization
- Physical access – The cloud supplier ought to have the option to exhibit strong powers over physical admittance to its offices where your information will dwell
- Data security – The cloud supplier ought to have the option to give confirmation that your data is scrambled when it is “very still” in the cloud
- Privacy and Compliance – Your cloud supplier ought to have the option to give confirmation that it can ensure the protection of your data and agree to important guidelines and enactment that might be pertinent to your association.
Accessibility of cloud arrangements is another worry. It is pertinent to evaluate the effect of a cloud arrangement getting inaccessible because of conditions, for example, a web blackout or a specialized disappointment by the cloud supplier.
Again such concerns ought to be investigated in a suitable setting. Web blackouts, particularly extended blackouts, will, in general, be extraordinary.
Legitimate cloud suppliers can frequently exhibit extremely significant levels of uptime execution, and if issues happen, gifted assets are accessible to address them.
How do such a situation contrast and comparable dangers related to your on-location elective? What is your involvement in vacation with on-location arrangements, and would you be able to get convenient all day, every day uphold on the off chance that you have a basic issue?
Accessibility dangers can likewise be moderated with the utilization of a mixture cloud model. Egnyte was alluded to already to act as an illustration of a crossover cloud model for document sharing and capacity.
With this alternative, should the web go down, you can at present have a nearby duplicate of your information accessible.
Admittance to information is brought as a worry up in two settings. One is how might I get my information back on the off chance that I leave my cloud provider.
Another is the thing that will occur if my cloud provider leaves the business. A response to such inquiries ought to be promptly accessible from your cloud provider and ought to be determined in your end client understanding.
It is generally imperative to consider what design your information will be accessible in the event that you try to get it back from your cloud provider.
Consider, for instance, that on the off chance that you utilize a cloud-based bookkeeping arrangement, your information probably won’t be given back to you in a similar organization in which you entered it.
One final thought to consider is information reinforcements. We would say with littler associations; it isn’t remarkable to discover no reinforcement schedules or issues with them, for example, reinforcements not being put away off-site or rebuilding from back-ups not being tried.
Trustworthy cloud arrangements lessen this danger and truth be told, many cloud computing companies suppliers have different back-up areas on the off chance that there is a disappointment at a specific site. | <urn:uuid:df345ac1-9eb8-4fb6-8196-365be5290561> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://eaglecliffpartners.com/cloud-computing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.943942 | 1,975 | 2.890625 | 3 |
You will have a reflection assignment which is just a short paragraph based on your readings from chapters 7, 8, and 9. When writing about your readings, think about how and why you came to your insights. Evaluate your experiences, comment on ideas, how you feel, what did you learn? In your conclusion, you will restate your thoughts, ask others how they came to their ideas.
"Place your order now for a similar assignment and have exceptional work written by our team of experts, guaranteeing you A results." | <urn:uuid:b58a0438-f29b-46d4-b844-a27348a8f57b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://platinumnursingwriters.org/you-will-have-a-reflection-assignment-which-is-just-a-short-paragraph-based-on-your-readings-from-chapters-7-8-and-9-when-writing-about-your-readings-think-about-how-and-why-you-came-to-your-insi/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.974691 | 106 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Social Media in the Workplace
With so many Americans working from home, your employees may have more opportunities to spend time on social media. This trend, combined with a contentious political environment can be a recipe for disaster if you don’t have a clear and concise social media policy. If an employee at your company posted something derogatory about their workplace, or coworkers, do you know how you’d respond? What if their post was inflammatory, racially insensitive, or otherwise problematic? In some states, such as California, it’s illegal to punish an employee for lawful conduct while off duty, does that mean they can tweet whatever they want? These are complex questions, and if you don’t have a social media regulation, you could be putting your company at risk.
Companies should have a transparent social media policy to decrease the overuse of social media in the workplace. Misuse of social platforms poses a risk to the operation of your company, your employees and your reputation. On the other hand, social networks can help employees stay connected to family, research a topic, or de-stress. Whether you’re using social marketing for your company’s strategy or not, chances are your employees are active on various social media platforms. Here are a few reasons your company should create a social media policy.
What is a Social Media Policy?
A social media policy is defined as any guideline or policy that advises an organization on the use of social media in the workplace. This policy also outlines how a business and its employees should conduct themselves online. A social platform policy is a crucial tool for your company, whether or not your organization uses social media.
What is a Good Social Media Policy?
A good social media policy protects you and your company from risk. According to the Pew Research Center, 72% of Americans use at least one social media platform, but only 32% reported that their employer has a social platform policy on how they present themselves online. And 63% said their employer has no social media policy whatsoever. Creating a policy in regards to social media use in the workplace provides guidance to employees on how they should behave on their personal social media accounts.
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What are the Risks?
Hate speech, threats of violence, harassment or racial slurs on social media may violate your company’s code of ethics, or worse, the law. But what about complaints about a coworker? In any case, your employees should know what they could be held responsible for when posting online.
With 17% of American workers admitting they use social networks to find out more about the people they work with, it is crucial to have a social platform policy in place for employees so they can understand the consequences of their online interactions in relation to their employment.
According to Pew, workers whose companies have policies regulating social media use at work are less likely to use social media in certain ways:
- 30% of workers whose employer has an at-work social media policy say they use social media while on the job to take a break from work. Compared to 40% of workers whose employers do not have social media regulations.
- 20% of workers whose employers have at-work social media policies say they use social media to stay connected to family and friends while on the job. That number is 35% at companies without a policy.
- Only 16% of workers whose companies regulate social media at work say they use social media while working to get information that’s helpful to their job, vs 25% whose workplaces have no policy
Sixfifty Can Help!
Social media policies aren’t uncommon, but implementing one can seem like a daunting task. Sixfifty is here to help. One of our solutions is an affordable, customizable, and up-to-date Employee Handbook tool. SixFifty’s Employee Handbook can be customized to any of your business needs, with over 50 policies that account for the law in every state. We also built this solution for a post-COVID workforce that’s more remote, mobile, and diverse.
The employee handbook tool was created with your company in mind, so we teamed up with the top employment law firm, Wilson Sonsini, to teach a computer to write employment policies just like an attorney would. SixFifty’s Employee Handbook tool asks you the same questions as an attorney and then uses your answers to create the employment documents you need to run your business properly, including a clear and concise social media regulation.
Need a Social Media Policy? Schedule a Demo Today!
Whether you choose to discourage any social media use at the workplace, or just set expectations about online behavior, usage of social media in the workplace should be regulated by managers and employers to keep the operation of your company on track, and protect your reputation and brand. If you’re not using SixFifty’s always up-to-date solution, you should commit to an annual or biannual review of your policy to ensure that it stays useful, relevant, and up-to-date with our interactive state map.
Learn more and get a free demo of SixFifty’s employee handbook tool today!
Written by Alexandria Autrey
Full Bio and other articles by Alexandria Autrey | <urn:uuid:fe553816-df1d-4d70-bf36-64ab7e50b4fb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sixfifty.com/blog/what-is-a-social-media-policy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.939723 | 1,084 | 2.015625 | 2 |
When should you disable browser cookies?
If privacy’s your top concern, you can disable cookies to prevent online tracking. Cookies are the reason you get personalized ads, so disabling cookies can prevent companies and marketers from tracking your activity online, noting your preferences, and serving you targeted ads.
But because most cookies are harmless and often improve site functionality, there’s usually no need to disable cookies completely. In fact, cookies are required for a lot of internet services to work properly. Google Docs, for example, reads your cookies to access documents stored on Google Drive without you needing to re-enter your password every time.
If you disable all cookies, you’ll get a much clunkier browsing experience. While creative hackers may try to access your cookies to find out more about you, the best way to defend against hacking is by using a firewall or antivirus — not by disabling cookies.
You can also try an app or browser extension that blocks third-party cookies to weed out advertising trackers, or you can opt to reject cookies wherever you’re prompted. That will limit your cookies without sacrificing convenience.
You should also regularly clean your browser and clear your search history to avoid too much cookie buildup, which will also help speed up your browser. Deleting cached files can speed up a clogged browser, too.
How to disable and enable browser cookies
Enabling and disabling browser cookies is simple, but it differs slightly depending on which browser you use. If you want to turn off cookies, note that deleting browser cookies completely (instead of disabling them) will give you more secure and private browsing overall. But without cookies, many websites won’t work as designed.
Here’s how to enable and disable cookies in Chrome, Edge, Firefox, and Safari.
Manage cookies in Google Chrome
If you want to disable cookies in Chrome, or if you’ve already turned them off and want to turn them back on, the process is the same. Here’s how:
Click the three vertical dots in the upper-right corner of your browser window and select Settings.
Click Security and Privacy on the left-side navigation, then select Cookies and other site data.
Select Block all cookies.
Your browser will no longer store cookies.
To return Chrome to its default setting with cookies enabled, click Block third-party cookies in Incognito (as shown in the screenshot above). When you browse in incognito mode, cookies won’t be stored after you close your browser window, meaning you won’t have to go into these settings every time to turn them on or off.
In your cookie settings, you’ll see additional options for configuring cookies, like blocking only third-party cookies, while leaving a website’s core cookies enabled.
Manage cookies in Edge
Here’s how to disable cookies in Microsoft Edge. You can also find out how to enable and disable cookies in Internet Explorer (the old name for Microsoft Edge) by reading below.
Open Edge and click the three horizontal dots in the upper-right corner of the browser window. Then, click Settings.
Click Cookies and site permissions, then click Manage and delete cookies and site data.
To disable all cookies in Edge, keep the button for Allow sites to save and read cookie data turned off. To disable only third-party cookies, turn on the button for Block third-party cookies.
Now you’re browsing in Edge without using cookies.
To turn cookies back on, restore the default settings as shown in the screenshot above.
Manage cookies in Firefox
Here’s how to enable, disable, and configure cookies in Mozilla Firefox.
Click the hamburger menu in the upper-right corner of the browser and select Settings.
Click Privacy & Security on the left.
Click Custom. Then, in the drop-down menu below Cookies, choose All cookies.
Mozilla Firefox is no longer using cookies. To enable cookies again, click Standard – balanced for protection and performance, which is the default option. To browse in Edge’s incognito mode (and disable cookies temporarily), click the hamburger menu and select New Private Window. That way, you can browse privately without accumulating cookies during your session, without having to bother with settings configurations.
Manage cookies in Safari
Here’s how to enable, disable, and configure cookies in Safari on a Mac.
With Safari open, click Safari in the top navigation and then click Preferences.
Click Privacy. Then, click either Prevent cross-site tracking or Always block cookies. (Cross-site tracking prevents social media sites from knowing which other websites you visit, thereby limiting their ability to target you with personalized ads.)
Limiting cross-site tracking and blocking cookies helps protect your privacy while you surf the web. To revert back and enable cookies, simply uncheck the boxes for Website tracking and Cookies and website data.
How to disable cookies on mobile
Your phone generates and reads cookies just like your laptop or desktop computer does. Let’s take a look at how to manage and configure cookies on iOS and Android devices.
It’s easy to enable and disable cookies on an iPhone. Here’s how:
Tap Settings, then scroll down and tap Safari.
Scroll to Privacy & Security and turn on the button for Block All Cookies.
You’re now browsing without cookies on your iPhone. To revert back to the default setting, simply turn off the button for Block All Cookies.
Here’s how to enable and disable cookies on an Android phone using Chrome.
Open Chrome, tap the three vertical dots in the upper-right corner, and select Settings.
Scroll down and tap Site settings.
Tap Cookies and select your preferred cookie settings.
On your Android phone, Chrome lets you allow or block all cookies, block third-party cookies, and set specific exceptions for certain websites.
Prevent invasive online tracking with AVG Secure Browser
It’s not easy to constantly enable, disable, and keep track of your cookie settings, especially if you just want seamless, secure, and private browsing. Thankfully, AVG Secure Browser offers fast and private browsing while minimizing ad tracking and other cookies.
Not only does AVG Secure Browser automatically configure your cookies, it’s also specially designed by privacy experts to seamlessly connect through its built-in VPN. That means no trace of your activity is left on your own device, and your data remains encrypted. Get AVG Secure Browser today — completely free — and take back your privacy and data. | <urn:uuid:28173a34-7657-4a83-bcbb-159db5ace8c0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.avg.com/en/signal/disable-cookies | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.867388 | 1,398 | 2.875 | 3 |
Indian people have an instant requirement for a financial product which gives long-term stability and can provide them a guaranteed income source during post-retirement years. Most people are not secured with any type of pension plans. Therefore, they are dependent on their own income or need a help from their working children. They do not accumulate enough money to use it as a support for themselves at the stage of retirement. So, they face some serious slipping possibility into poverty once they are retired.
The overall situation does look like a scary dream, but you can overcome very easily if you begin early planning for retirement as well as start investing for long periods to benefit from the power of compounding returns to make a rough retirement corpus.
Working people need to focus on an income needed to continue their current standard of lifestyle and offer support for expensive medical costs in post-retirement years. Then, buyers would reach at a monthly allocation which requires to be prepared from their current earnings to get an ideal retirement corpus and benefit from an uninterrupted flow of income during post-retirement years to continue the current lifestyle.
Many insurance companies provide a wide range of best pension plans that can go long way in targeting the post-retirement issues of current working population. All these schemes have a long-term orientation when it comes to investing the premiums with a goal to make a flow of annual income through a good combination of non-guaranteed and guaranteed cash payments.
Insurance cover gives a strength to handle the risk of a sudden death of the insured person with a brave heart and a choice to customize the insurance by selecting from a bundle of riders for additional security to minimize the financial impact of various major threats to the livelihood of the policyholder because of serious illness.
These schemes plan lifetime security along with guaranteed lifetime annual income. Plus, these products are one of the best ways of generating an annual income till death, it works really well when customers buy the same for their child. Once buyer pays premiums for a certain period, his child enjoys a guaranteed income every year along with insurance cover for whole life.
These pension schemes offer a neatly-structured scheme for post-retirement years and offer a discipline to regularly invest in the best retirement plan. These products would empower a policyholder to hold a charge of funding their golden years and enjoy financial independence once they retire.
Along with good health, a sustainable income on retirement is also important for a secure retired life. | <urn:uuid:6c7f1b78-85ae-4eeb-91a1-aa6d1251b4be> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.policyboss.com/blog/pension-plan/insurance-plans-provide-guaranteed-income-for-post-retirement-life/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.959604 | 498 | 1.554688 | 2 |
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