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When counting, children start in year 1 by counting to and across 100, forwards and backwards. They begin with 0 or 1 and then move onto counting from any given number. They then move onto counting, reading and writing numbers to 100 in numerals and progress onto counting in multiples of twos, fives and tens.
In year 2, counting becomes more advanced. They are taught to count in steps of 2, 3, and 5 from 0, and in tens from any number, forward and backward. Furthermore, in year 3 students count from 0 in multiples of 4, 8, 50 and 100. They also become confident in finding 10 or 100 more or less than a given number.
Year 4 really sees their KS2 maths skills progress. Now they are able to count in multiples of 6, 7, 9, 25 and 1000 and find 1000 more or less than a given number. They can also count backwards through zero to include negative numbers.
In year 5 learners are getting ready for moving up to year 6 and the challenge of SATs. Here their counting skills develop so that they can count forwards or backwards in steps of powers of 10 for any given number up to 1 000 000 which is pretty impressive if you ask me. They are also able to interpret negative numbers in context, count forwards and backwards with positive and negative whole numbers, including through zero.
At the last year in primary school, learners are getting ready for secondary school maths. Now they are starting to use negative numbers in context, and calculate intervals across zero.
As you can see, over these 6 years students are making massive progress in counting and its a credit to maths teachers who get them up to this level. | <urn:uuid:b0af2138-2826-4805-9fbe-b6ef52042297> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://eleanorbates.angelfire.com/counting.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.960203 | 347 | 4.3125 | 4 |
We can probably all agree that talking politics can be tricky in any social situation, especially in the workplace.
And while some people think that open dialogue surrounding our nation’s tense political landscape can foster understanding and promote unity, others disagree. They believe doing so, may lead to toxic divisions between team members. So, enter the realm of political discussions at work at your own risk.
A recent survey asked 5,000 U.S. workers how comfortable they felt sharing their political views in front of their colleagues. While their attitudes varied depending on their gender, party affiliation, and geographical area, an estimated 34 percent admitted feeling too nervous to talk politics at work.
The truth is: a moderate amount of political “water cooler” talk is par for the course in most office settings, especially if it happens to be an election year.
So is it really okay to engage if you are approached by a colleague about a politically charged topic? Sure it is; however, it’s crucial that you respond appropriately.
The key to handling any political conversation in the office is to realize that conflict — or any difference in opinion for that matter — is quite normal and healthy as long as you strive to communicate in a sensitive manner and always keep your cool and remain calm.
The Political Landscape Is Not Changing Anytime Soon; Consider These Tactics
By keeping an open mind and being genuinely interested in a team member’s political views, you might learn something new about an issue or hot topic.
Here are several suggestions and tips from workplace experts to more effectively communicate your ideas to any listener, from your supervisor to your team members:
- State of mind is key. It has to genuinely be okay for someone to have a different opinion than you and even disagree with yours. Otherwise, tempers will flare and emotions will take over. Rule of thumb “Be curious, not self-righteous”.
- Acknowledge the other person’s opinion and repeat it back, so they know you are genuinely listening. Be an active listener, so colleagues feel comfortable sharing their views. Ask open ended questions for clarification like “Can you say a little more about that?”.
- Avoid group discussions because conversations can ramp up quickly and sides may be taken. Try to keep conversations more one-on-one, it’s easier to manage.
- Do not become emotional about your perspective, keep it logical and express it in a way that is respectful of other people’s opinions.
- Avoid telling people what they “should” think, always share your ideas using “I” statements.
- Make sure you are informed about whatever you are sharing. Don’t just spout out an opinion you saw on twitter or heard on a news sound bit. Know the issues well and have an “informed” opinion.
- Know when to walk away. Be respectful and keep things civil. If you notice someone looks uncomfortable with the discussion, respect their wishes and move on.
The Bottom Line
Talking politics in the office is not always an easy thing to tackle. And while many controversial issues are unfolding around us that we should acknowledge and discuss, it is important to talk about them with our colleagues in a calm, respectful and professional manner.
At the end of the day, communication becomes easier when we practice acceptance. As Franklin Covey says, “First to understand, then to be understood”. If people feel heard and understood they are more likely to hear and understand as well.
Finally, try not to take anything too personally. Political debates in the workplace are unlike other office-related conflicts as they are more about philosophy versus the result of something someone has done. So, if a political conversation is triggering an unnecessary conflict that might be preventing you from doing your work, find other common ground and focus on that instead. | <urn:uuid:453b16cc-5f98-456a-86a9-69f455885569> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.commskillsgroup.com/communicating-opinions-effectively-in-a-tense-political-environment/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.956133 | 798 | 2.5 | 2 |
ABOUT THIS SKILL UP! WORKSHOP
Whatever the result of the election, your team will be impacted by it. As a leader, there are key steps you can take to foster resilience and to ensure everyone in your school community feels acknowledged and supported during this time. Join us in this one-hour “Skill Up!” workshop to build capacity, connect with colleagues, and gain new perspectives and strategies to best support your team leading up to and through the election on November 3rd.
- Set intentions for your leadership philosophy and approach
- Review strategies to prepare leaders within your organization to support faculty and staff
- Acquire communication tools and best practices for your pre/post election plan
- Examine new self-care tools to support you through yet another leadership challenge
WHO SHOULD PARTICIPATE
This is a free program for CATDC Member Schools only, and is ideal for Heads of School, Assistant Heads, Division Heads, Deans of Teaching and Learning, and others in key administrative roles. We invite CATDC Member Schools to send up to 3 people to our free member-only workshops. Spots fill quickly and are available on a first-come, first-served basis.
ABOUT THE FACILITATOR
Kate Sheppard’s work focuses on helping non-profit and human-service organizations develop leadership, evaluate and articulate impact, and synchronize their actions and ideologies. Kate has worked as a consultant for the past ten years as a Senior Associate for Dialogues in Action leading over 100 large-scale evaluation projects. In 2018 Kate founded her own consulting company, See Change Consulting. For the past seventeen years, Kate has also worked for the YMCA of San Francisco. Her current role directing staff development allows her to focus on supporting over 2,400 staff in creating positive work environments, building individual capacity, and leading organizational change strategies. | <urn:uuid:a3772c1b-304a-449e-826e-4fde591d372a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://catdc.org/inspire_events/skill-up-support-your-school-community-through-the-election/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.951979 | 389 | 1.679688 | 2 |
It is such a blessing to share this experience called life, with our family, friends, mentors and peers. They each contribute to our growth and understanding of who we are, and to the world around us. The memories we share in those moments of joy and happiness, are the treasures that hold us through the tough days we all must face. And through it all, it helps to remember that we are all here to be of service in one way or another.
Wake up each morning and, in your heart, feel truly grateful that you can breathe. Start the day by bringing light into someone’s life. Always feel you have the power to impact a person even with a simple smile. A Buddhist monk once said that even when you don’t feel like smiling, put it on anyway and see how your energy changes. You and others who see you will be affected in such a positive way.
It is the simple things in life like a smile or a warm hug that could mean a world of difference to someone going through difficulties in their lives. The simple act of touch and reaching out to someone has the power to lift them up and will help them to get through their day. So, reach out to one another! Say “Thank you! I love you! You are precious!”
Don’t be afraid to love and give love, as giving is more important than receiving. You don’t have to wait for someone to say “I love you” first. Instead, be centered in yourself to freely give love. The reward in what comes back to you when your heart is open, is greater than being in fear of not receiving love.
I have learned that life is short – you don’t know when you or your loved ones will pass into the next life. I’ve also learned from my mistake of not saying what I wanted to say until it was too late. Now, I spend time sharing love with those that I care about, and even with strangers. So use each day to share a smile, a hug, a thank you, and to reach out and show love, kindness, and gratitude to others.
You don’t have to be religious, but be comfortable in your skin. Learn to know yourself from the inside, not through the interpretation of others, but rather, check in with yourself daily each morning to ensure that you are connected to the Self that matters to you.
Throughout life, you will have supporters and non supporters. At the end of the day, when you are secure in yourself- in who you are, where you came from and in what you are here to do- then you are in a space of liberation and freedom within yourself. That is a place where your spirituality can grow and develop.
One of the mantras I say to myself is: “I love you, I will always be there for you, I will always take care of you.” I invite you to say this to yourself, right here, right now. Realize how amazing you are. Then, share your smile, give a hug and go show someone you care. The world is a better place because you are here. | <urn:uuid:5f641f9d-73bc-4690-ad0f-9343234e702f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://inspiremetoday.com/brilliance/todays-brilliance-from-jeannie-kang/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.971152 | 657 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Introduction to the Reserves
Insurance companies deal with large and complex claims made against policies that are sold by them. It may often take months, or even years, to settle some claims. To ensure the company reports and avoid unpleasant surprises, insurers assign a claim reserve to each incident that reflects their best estimate of the liability.
The term ‘Reserve’ is defined by the amount of money earmarked for a specific purpose. Theoretically, the reserve is an amount simultaneously with interest to be earned and premiums to be paid that will exactly be equal to all of the […] | <urn:uuid:df7f94de-1689-41be-afe6-98c2391d3bd8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://winsurtech.com/blog/tag/reserves/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.974096 | 119 | 2.171875 | 2 |
The Affects of Bedtime Technology on the Body's Circadian Rhythm
This questionnaire was developed by the researcher for the purpose of gathering information related to factors that have been determined to have an affect on sleep and the body’s circadian rhythm.
The following questions relate to your usual sleep habits during the past month only. Your answers should indicate the most accurate reply for the majority of days and nights in the past month.
This questionnaire is anonymous and you can not be identified by the results you provide. Some of the questions require you to check a box, others to score yourself on a scale, whereas others just require you to select either a Yes or No. It should take between 6 to 10 minutes to complete.
.................Please answer all questions. | <urn:uuid:af83a227-c0da-4bb0-8204-1756415478c6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSffsSncyv_pEGFTcOns98vTEFJZ6Bnxqkl7dyqMNy3JXMkHqA/viewform?usp=sf_link | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.927258 | 154 | 2.28125 | 2 |
There were 336 active cases of COVID-19 reported in Saskatchewan Sunday, four less than the day before. No deaths were reported.
There were 27 new cases reported, 19 fewer than reported Saturday. Thirty-one recoveries were reported.
A total of 629,785 residents have been fully vaccinated, an increase of 3,841 over the day before.
The seven day average for new cases was reported at 34, down from 35 Saturday. The seven day average peaked out Jan. 12 at 321.
In the Far North West zone there are 94 active cases, up two from Saturday.
In the Far North Central zone, there are 16 active cases, down two from Saturday.
In the Far North East, there are 29 active cases, down five from the previous day.
In the North West, there are 25 active cases, down four from the day before. In the Battlefords, subzone 4, there are five active cases.
In the North Central zone, there are 27 active cases, up three. In Prince Albert and area, subzone 2, there are 15 active cases.
There are four active cases in the North East zone, the same as the day before.
There are 55 cases in the Sasktoon zone, an increase of one.
There are no active cases in the Central West zone, after having had four the day previous.
The Central East zone has eight cases, unchanged from Saturday.
The Regina area has 43 cases, up five from Saturday.
The South West zone has four active cases, one less than Saturday.
The South Central zoned has five cases, up one from Saturday.
The South East has 11 cases, up three from the previous day. | <urn:uuid:73d04953-4cdf-444d-b4d3-40b03bcfb852> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sasktoday.ca/north/local-news/active-cases-in-saskatchewan-down-by-four-to-336-4173905 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.970184 | 356 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Jeff Sessions is a Walking Monument to the Confederacy.
I mean that literally, metaphorically, and politically.
He is named after Jefferson Davis. The President of the confederacy. The man charged with treason after the Civil War. That’s who he gets his name from.
Before fact checkers come after me. Jeff Sessions is named after his daddy. His daddy was named after his grand daddy and his grand daddy was named after Jefferson Davis.
(if you don’t believe me, just read wikipedia.)
So our current Attorney General is named after the person who ran the Confederacy, Davis. Davis and P. G. T. Beauregard that is.
Who’s that? Oh, Beauregard was just the first general officer in the newly formed Confederate army. He’s who oversaw the bombardment against Fort Sumter which literally started the Civil war.
The man is named after the President of the Confederacy and its first general who started the civil war.
Now, no one controls what name their parents give them. But they do decide what they do with it. When Sessions first responded to suggestions of Confederate memorials coming down, Slate reports he said:
It is not appropriate for us to erase history and who we are and our ancestors. I had ancestors—my great grandfather was killed at Antietam. I don’t think he was an evil person. He was called to serve his country as he knew it at that time and he did his duty leaving my grandfather, a baby, at home.
And on George Wallace, the Governor of Alabama who ran for President on a ticket of “Segregation now, segregation forever.” What was his response? Oh, just…
He’ll be remembered as one of the most formidable third-party candidates in this century, as a person who challenged the liberal elite in America.
So it doesn’t seem that a name is just a name in this case.
Jeff Sessions was too racist to be a judge so Donald Trump just made him America's top cop. Any questions?
— John Fugelsang (@JohnFugelsang) November 18, 2016
That might explain why he was the first Senator to endorse Donald Trump. It might also show why in 1986 he was denied a federal judgeship for being “too racist.” A Black US assistant attorney who had worked for Sessions testified that he called him “boy” on multiple occasions.
It might explain why he thought that saying the KKK was “OK, until he learned that they smoked marijuana,” would be an acceptable joke.
But more seriously, it could also explain why one of Jeff Sessions first steps as Attorney General was to order the re-contracting of private prisons for ‘future need.’ It unmasks what’s behind his attack on affirmative action. Or why he argues that civil rights law do not protect employees from discrimination based on sexual orientation. Or his crusade against sanctuary cities. It also sheds light on why he has instructed all US attorneys across the country to prosecute more immigrants and to incarcerate them for longer with harsher sentences.
Sessions is following in the footsteps of another white resentment fueling, people of color criminalizing politician – Coleman Livingston Blease who made his name first as a South Carolina State Rep and then Governor who helped end Reconstruction and also as the inventor of the re-entry crimes that Sessions is now using to sweep immigrants into jail.
So then, it might also explain, since he’s an advisor to the President, where Trump’s take on Charlottesville came from or what he meant when he responded during his recent Phoenix rally to the removal of statues, “They’re trying to take away our culture. They are trying to take away our history.”
Across the country, people are taking it upon themselves to remove the symbols of enslavement and white supremacy and city governments are following suit.
But at the highest level of government, the man in charge of our justice department, is not just keeping that legacy alive. He is the living legacy of it.
So when we’re thinking about toppling monuments to a disgraceful and violent past, one has to conclude that that includes the man calling himself Attorney General in the Justice Department.
Jacinta Gonzalez is Mijente’s Field Director. She’s based in Phoenix, Arizona and wants everyone to understand the dangers of the Department of Justice in Sessions’ hands. | <urn:uuid:1aba41e9-c3a8-4a01-83ef-46ed9369e96a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mijente.net/2017/08/jeff-sessions-walking-monument-confederacy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.980689 | 935 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Comment On The Retirement Of Supreme Court Justice Stephen G. Breyer
Justice Breyer, confirmed to the Supreme Court in 1994, will leave behind a rich legacy when he retires. He has been one of the Supreme Court’s finest unifiers, routinely forging consensus between differing viewpoints and legal philosophies on the Court. He believes deeply that the Supreme Court should not become mired in politics and has served as a beacon of judicial independence even amid increasingly partisan times. He will be remembered as a soft-spoken and studious and humble champion of the rule of law.
I have known Justice Breyer since his days as a counsel on the Senate Judiciary Committee, where he served with distinction. He won admiration from Republican and Democratic members and staff for his earnest desire to find common ground between the parties and to forge friendships regardless of politics. It is this approach that led him to be confirmed to the First Circuit Court of Appeals in an overwhelming vote of 80 to 10 in the Senate. And it is this same approach that ultimately led to his confirmation to the Supreme Court on an even stronger vote of 87 to 9.
Justice Breyer has also been a fierce guardian of the Constitution and Americans’ hard-won rights. He authored the Court’s 7 to 2 decision in 2021 rejecting a politicized effort to strike down critical pillars of the Affordable Care Act. He authored the Court’s 8 to 1 opinion in 2020 protecting fundamental free speech rights of students. And he penned the Court’s 5 to 3 decision in 2016 striking down a Texas law imposing unconstitutional restrictions on women’s reproductive rights. In each of these decisions, he brought along justices from both ends of the ideological spectrum. And yet in each of these decisions, he did not compromise his core beliefs about the Constitution and the law. That has been the Justice Breyer way.
Justice Breyer will no doubt continue to help shape the Court’s jurisprudence for the remainder of his tenure. When he retires, every Senator must be ready to fulfill our constitutional duty to expeditiously consider President Biden’s nominee to fill this vacancy. Senate Democrats must not allow the kind of obstruction of a President’s nominee that we saw with Merrick Garland. The American people deserve a complete Supreme Court to consider the pressing issues facing our nation today. The Senate must not delay in meeting our obligation to ensure that our nation’s highest court is operating at full strength.
# # # # #
Next Article Previous Article | <urn:uuid:e922e462-a1e9-4969-b04d-f34ef8d6a8ab> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.leahy.senate.gov/press/comment-on-the-retirement-of-supreme-court-justice-stephen-g-breyer | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.959377 | 511 | 1.507813 | 2 |
A year ago, I went looking for a woman who could, somehow, encapsulate a tragedy. She could have been anywhere in Africa. She could have been a mother, a widow or never married. She had to have just one thing in common with some 15 million of her sisters. She must have HIV. I was looking for someone who could bridge a gap of more than a thousand miles and an even bigger cultural chasm - someone whose story would touch the understanding and the hearts of people in the rich countries of Europe, the USA and beyond.
I found Grace. She was a very special person indeed. I found her because she had been brave enough to go for testing, after her husband and her baby died of Aids, and every Saturday she attended a support group for people with HIV. That still takes courage anywhere in Africa, because of the stigma attached to HIV/Aids, even though it is gradually lessening. Organisers of the group, the National Association of People Living with HIV/Aids in Malawi, or NAPHAM, took me to visit a number of its members, and in the central market in Lilongwe, where Grace was selling shoes, I realised I had found a woman whose story could reach across continents.
It did. Grace was one end of the human chain we traced from Africa to the boardroom of GlaxoSmithKline, looking at those with the power, influence or money to affect for good or ill the chances of a woman like her, in total poverty, getting the drugs that could keep her alive. Saving Grace was about a huge issue - the need of millions for the drugs we get for free on the NHS and the global inequities that dictate that impoverished Africans shall not have them. But what touched most people, I think, as it touched me, were the simple human stories of Grace and another woman, Dessa Chithadza.
After Saving Grace was published we talked within the paper about our own obligations to Grace whose name and picture we had circulated around the globe. I felt strongly that I would like to support treatment for Dessa, who was very fragile when I met her. But there was no mechanism for doing it. All we could do was donate to charities working in HIV/Aids. We suggested people should support the Lighthouse clinic which continues to do wonderful work for people with HIV although it had to charge for the antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) to keep people alive, or Medecins sans Frontieres which has a free clinic around Blantyre, in the south.
That sense of personal obligation was behind my second visit to Lilongwe in February this year. I wanted to know what had happened to Grace and Dessa. I feared the worst for Dessa and I was right - she had died two months earlier. But Grace was alive, well and very happy, because Hetty van Dijk, a doctor from the Netherlands working temporarily as a locum in Lilongwe, had read the piece, tracked her down and put her on ARVs.
Dr van Dijk is another truly remarkable person. She not only saw the need of individuals, as we saw it, but she took firm and decisive action. She has a bank account in Lilongwe. Now that she is back home on the tiny island of Texel in the Netherlands, she sends money into the account which is accessed by staff at Dr Martin Huber's practice in Lilongwe, where she used to work. The idea had already caught on - expatriate patients of the surgery had put in enough money to Dr van Dijk's fledgling Saving Grace Foundation for five Malawians to be put on the drugs by Dr Huber before the second piece went into the paper.
Since then, we have had hundreds of offers of donations and other help from readers. They seem to want, as I did, to do something for somebody whose face and name we know and whose story we understand. Grace was symbolic of all the women and men caught up in an enormous disaster, but it is so huge it makes us feel helpless.
Thanks to Dr van Dijk, we don't have to feel helpless any longer. There are many individuals in Malawi who need treatment - one million at the last estimate. We can't end an epidemic, but we can help people to survive it - one at a time.
Donate to the Saving Grace Foundation
27.09.2004: Saving Grace - September update
Sarah Boseley's original campaign
05.08.2004: Positive living in Malawi
Printable version | Send it to a friend | Clip | <urn:uuid:9689883e-603b-45b7-8444-a78ab6d3fb2a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theguardian.com/values/getinvolved/story/0,14330,1166413,00.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.984333 | 970 | 1.765625 | 2 |
"The dissidents and the democrats both tried to fool the people for too long into believing that Yeltsin, of all people, was a real democrat. There came a time when that fairy tale became unsustainable and 'democrat' became literally a dirty word..."
The words are those of Anna Politkovskaya in her final book, A Russian Diary.
Western politicians and commentators wholehearted backed the views of those Russian dissidents and democrats.
Perhaps the most dramatic illustration of this was the support of western governments for Russia's entry to the Council of Europe (the continent's most important human-rights organisation). Russia was admitted in 1996, at a time when the first Chechen war was at its height and Russian citizens on both sides were being deprived in their thousands of that most basic of human rights: their lives.
Séamus Martin is the retired international editor of the Irish Times. He covered Russia for the entirety of Boris Yeltsin's presidency
I say "both sides" because in those early days many of the victims were Russian soldiers. Young conscripts, many had never used a rifle, were sent into action with woefully sub-standard equipment against Chechen rebels who were better trained and under far more professional leadership. One young lad, wounded in hospital, told me of his armoured vehicle being towed into battle after it had broken down.
The Council of Europe was silent. The message to the Kremlin was clear: "You can do what you like and we will still support you." The reason for this and for other instances of the West's tolerance was the mistaken belief that the only alternative to Yeltsin was the communists. The very dangerous principle that "my enemy's enemy is my friend" applied.
Now that Boris Nikolayevich has passed on, some obituary writers and analysts have hailed him as the man who brought democratic freedoms to Russia.
Admittedly the media was entirely free in the early part of his presidency but as time went on there was a gradual rowing back on glasnost. In what democratic society, for example, could a presidential candidate have a massive heart attack in the week before an election without it being reported in a single Russian newspaper, magazine, and radio or TV station? It may have been due to self-censorship but it was censorship all the same.
I have a particularly vivid memory of talking to Yegor Yakovlev, the former editor of Moscow News and eminent proponent of glasnost in communist days, when he ran his own paper (Obshchaya Gazeta) late in the Yeltsin era.
On the wall behind him in his office hung, on one side, a photograph of Andrei Sakharov and on the other a bullet-proof vest, the fashion accessory de rigueur for the courageous journalist of his day. In this context it should be remembered that (according to figures from the Committee to Protect Journalists) thirteen journalists have been killed in the line of duty during Vladimir Putin's presidency - but thirty-one lost their lives in similar circumstances on Yeltsin's watch.
Anna Politkovskaya's judgment was echoed in Yakovlev's words:
"I think there were two things that were catastrophic for him, and for the first one the whole crowd of us, the democrats, myself included, are to blame. We made a deal with our consciences and decided not to notice it for the sake of democracy. You know his moral behaviour and his mentality do not correspond with the role he has to play. His mentality level is that of a (Communist Party) regional secretary. I never blame any official who is doing his best but is unable to achieve much, because when I curse him, it's not going to make him any cleverer. The second thing is his animal, his beastly desire for power and from this stems his savage hatred of Gorbachev, who was the main obstacle to his coming to power in the first place."
Yakovlev also referred to Yeltsin's serious problem with alcohol and the willingness of his associates to take advantage of it. Frequently Yeltsin's policies were those of the last person he drank with.
Also in openDemocracy:
Zygmunt Dzieciolowski, "Boris Yeltsin, history man" (24 April 2007)
The economic reforms introduced with Bolshevik ruthlessness by Yegor Gaidar on Yeltsin's behalf devastated the lives of the poor and the elderly while the young products of the communist nomenklatura, including Gaidar himself, did quite nicely thank you.
Some obituarists have described the Gaidar reforms as an unavoidable policy that paved the way for the relative prosperity that Russia currently enjoys. The enforced devaluation of the rouble after the economic collapse of August 1998 and the rise in world oil prices may have been more important in this respect. It is significant, in any event, that those early reforms have now been disowned by one of their authors, the United States economist Jeffrey Sachs.
All of Yeltsin's positive contributions came early in his presidency when he was effectively and enthusiastically demolishing the worst of the Soviet system. He was an efficient and successful revolutionary but no statesman.
Those who praise Yeltsin and denounce Vladimir Putin should remember that on 31 December 1999 it was Boris Nikolayevich, immunity from prosecution for himself and his family safely tucked away in his pocket, who introduced Vladimir Vladimirovich to us as his successor.
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This assignment proposes to discuss the role of the nurse in health promotion. To facilitate the discussion in the delivery of primary, secondary and tertiary levels of health promotion, the health risk of tobacco smoking in relation to Lung Cancer has been chosen. National policies will be explored in relation to smoking and how these influence the delivery of health promotion by the nurse. The barriers to health promotion will be identified along with ways in which these may be overcome.
The intention of the World Health Organisation (WHO) to achieve “Health for All” by the year 2000 was published in their Ottawa Charter, the outcome of which was to build healthy public policy, create supportive environments, strengthen communities, develop personal skills and reorient health services. They identified key factors which can hinder or be conducive to health; political, economic, social, cultural, environmental, behavioural, and biological (WHO 1986).Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
The current health agenda for the UK aims to improve the health of the population and reduce inequalities with particular emphasis on prevention and targeting the number of people who smoke (DH 2010).
Inequalities in health have been extensively researched and although attempts have been made to overcome these, there is evidence to support that the divide between the rich and the poor still exists in society. Marmot (2010) highlighted the lower social classes had the poorest health and identified social factors such as low income and deprivation as the root causes which affect health and well being. Increased smoking levels were found to be more prevalent in this cohort. Bilton et al (2002) suggests the environment an individual lives in can have an adverse effect on health in that it can influence patterns of behaviour. For example, families living in poor housing conditions, in poverty or in an environment away from a social support network can suffer psychological stress; which in turn can prompt coping behaviours such as tobacco smoking (Blackburn 1991, Denny & Earle 2005).Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
Smoking is a modifiable risk factor to chronic disease such as Cancer of the Lung, with 90% of these cases being the result of smoking (Cancer Research UK 2009) it is the single biggest preventable cause of premature death and illness and is more detrimental to the poorer in society. Responsible for 80,000 lives per year, the huge financial burden on the NHS to treat illness associated with smoking is estimated at £2.7 billion each year (DH 2010). This illustrates the huge opportunity for public health to address the wider issues associated with inequalities and to target people who smoke. Various White papers have demonstrated the Government’s commitment in reducing smoking figures and preventing uptake, both at individual and population levels, through health promotion activity, empowering individuals and enabling them to make healthier lifestyle choices (DH 2004, DH 2006, DH 2010).
Health promotion is a complex activity and is difficult to define. Davies and Macdowall (2006) describe health promotion as “any strategy or intervention that is designed to improve the health of individuals and its population”. However perhaps one of the most recognised definitions is that of the World Health Organisation’s who describes health promotion as “a process of enabling people to increase control over their health and its determinants, and thereby improve their health (WHO 1986).Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
If we look at this in relation to the nurse’s role in smoking cessation and giving advice to a patient, this can be seen as a positive concept in that with the availability of information together with support, the patient is then able to make an informed decision, thus creating empowerment and an element of self control. Bright (1997) supports this notion suggesting that empowerment is created when accurate information and knowledgeable advice is given, thus aiding the development of personal skills and self esteem.
A vital component of health promotion is health education which aims to change behaviour by providing people with the knowledge and skills they require to make healthier decisions and enable them to fulfil their potential. Healthy Lives Healthy People (2010) highlight the vital role nurses play in the delivery of health promotion with particular attention on prevention at primary and secondary levels. Nurses have a wealth of skills and knowledge and use this knowledge to empower people to make lifestyle changes and choices. This encourages people to take charge of their own health and to increase feelings of personal autonomy (Christensen 2006). Smoking is one of the biggest threats to public health, therefore nurses are in a prime position to help people to quit by offering encouragement, provide information and refer to smoking cessation services.Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
There are various approaches to health promotion, each approach has a different aim but all share the same desired goal, to promote good health and prevent or avoid ill health (Peate 2006). The medical approach contains three levels of prevention as highlighted by Naidoo and Wills (2000), primary, secondary and tertiary prevention.
Primary health promotion aims to reduce the exposure to the causes and risk factors of illness in order to prevent the onset of disease (Tones & Green 2004). In this respect it is the abstinence of smoking and preventing the uptake through health education and preventative measures. One such model of prevention is that of Tannahill’s (1990) which consists of three overlapping circles; health education for example a nurse may be involved in the distribution of leaflets educating individuals or a wider community regarding health risks of smoking, prevention, aimed at reducing the exposure to children, for example, in 2007 the legal age for tobacco sales increased from age 16 to 18 years in an attempt to reduce the availability to young people and prevent them from starting to smoke (DH 2008), health protection such as lobbying for a ban on smoking in public places.Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
If we look at this in relation to the role of the school nurse, this is a positive step when implementing school policies such as no smoking on school premises for staff and visitors, as this legislation supports the nurse’s role when providing information regarding the legal aspects of smoking. Research demonstrates that interventions are most effective when combined with strategies such as mass media and government legislation (Edwards 2010). Having an awareness of such campaigns and legislation is essential to aid best practice and the nurse must ensure that knowledge and skills are regularly updated, a standard set by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC 2008).Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
Croghan & Voogd (2009) identify the school nurse’s role as essential in the health and well-being of children in preventing smoking. Many people begin to smoke as children, the earlier smoking is initiated, the harder the habit is to break (ASH) and this unhealthy behaviour can advance into adulthood. Current statistics illustrate that in 2009 6% of children aged 11-15 years were regular smokers (Office for National Statistics 2009). These figures demonstrate the importance of prevention and intervention at an early stage as identified by the National Service Framework (NSF) for Children, Young People and Maternity Services (DH 2004). Smith (2009) highlights the school nurse as being in an advantageous position to address issues such as smoking and suggests that by empowering children by providing support and advice, this will enable them to adopt healthy lifestyles.Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
NICE (2010) suggest school based interventions to prevent children smoking aimed at improving self esteem and resisting peer pressure, with information on the legal, economic and social aspects of smoking and the harmful effects to health. Walker et al (2006) argue self esteem is determined by childhood experiences and people with a low self esteem are more likely to conform to behaviours of other people. This can be a potential barrier in the successful delivery of health promotion at this level, with young children exposed to pressure to conform; they are more likely to take up unhealthy behaviours such as smoking (Parrott 2004). The nurse can overcome this by working in partnership with teachers and other staff members to promote self-esteem by ensuring an environment conducive to learning, free from disruptive behaviour which promotes autonomy, motivation, problem solving skills and encourages self-worth (NICE 2009).Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
Despite the well known health risks to tobacco smoking, unfortunately 1 in 5 individuals continue to smoke (DH 2010). Whitehead (2001) cited in Davies (2006) argues the nurse must recognise and understand health related behaviour in order to promote health. Therefore, when delivering health promotion the nurse needs to be aware of all the factors which can affect health, some of which can be beyond individual control. Smoking cessation is one of the most important steps a person can make to improve their health and increase life expectancy, as smokers live on average 8 years less than non smokers (Roddy & Ross 2007).Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
Secondary prevention intends to shorten episodes of illness and prevent the progression of ill health through early diagnosis and treatment (Naidoo & Wills 2000). This can be directed towards the role of the practice nurse in a Primary Care setting, where patients attend for treatment and advice that have symptoms of illness or disease as a result of smoking, such as Bronchitis. Nice guidelines (2006) recommend that all individuals who come into contact with health professionals should be advised to cease smoking, unless there are exceptional circumstances where this would not be appropriate, and for those who do not wish to stop, smoking status should be recorded and reviewed once a year. It is therefore essential the nurse maintains accurate and up to date record keeping.Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
Smoking cessation advice can be tailored to the specific individual and therefore it is important that the nurse has the knowledge and counselling skills for this to be effective. The process of any nursing intervention is ultimately assessment, planning, implementing and evaluating (Yura & Walsh 1978), this applies to all nurses in any given situation including health promotion. One such method of smoking cessation which can be used as an assessment tool is known as the 5 ‘A’s approach, ‘ask, assess, advise, assist, arrange’ (Britton 2004). “Ask” about tobacco use, for example how many cigarettes are smoked each day, and “assess” willingness and motivation to quit, taking a detailed history to assess addiction. Objective data can be obtained using a Smokerlyser which measures Carbon Monoxide levels in expired air (Wells & Lusignan 2003). These simple devices can be used as a motivational tool to encourage cessation and abstinence. Castledine (2007) suggests the principle of a good health promoter is to motivate people to enable them to make healthier choices; this is made possible by the ability to engage with individuals at all levels. Individuals who are not motivated are unlikely to succeed (Naidoo & Wills 2000). “Health Education And Health Promotion Essay Advise” patients to stop smoking and reinforce the health benefits to quitting, “assist” the patient to stop, setting a quit date and discussing ways in which nicotine withdrawal can be overcome. Being unable to cope with the physical symptoms of withdrawal can cause relapse and be a barrier to success, therefore it is essential the nurse possesses a good knowledge base of the products available to assist in reducing these symptoms if she is to persuade people to comply with treatment, such as the use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). NRT is useful in assisting people to stop smoking and has proved, in some instances to double the success rate (Upton & Thirlaway 2010). NRT products are continually changed and updated; therefore the nurse must ensure she has the knowledge and skills to identify which products are available, the suitability, how it works and any potential side effects. Identifying triggers and developing coping strategies is useful for maintenance of a new behaviour, measures such as substituting cigarettes for chewing gum and changing habits and routines are just some of the ways in which self control can be achieved (Ewles & Simnett 1999). Finally “arrange” a follow up, providing continual support and engagement. For patients who do not wish to stop smoking, advice should be given with encouragement to seek early medical treatment on detection of any signs and symptoms of disease. Good communication skills are essential to the therapeutic relationship between the nurse and a patient and these must be used effectively by providing clear, accurate and up to date information. The nurse should be an active listener and encourage the patient to talk, using open-ended questions helps demonstrate a willingness to listen, listening and showing concern for a patient’s condition demonstrates respect (Peate 2006). The use of medical jargon and unfamiliar words can be a barrier to communication and should be avoided as these can affect a patients understanding. Leaflets can reinforce information provided by the nurse and increase patient knowledge, however the nurse must ensure these are in a format and language the patient can understand. Lack of literacy skills can prevent a patient reading and understanding the content of a leaflet, the nurse can assist with this by reading and explaining to them.Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
To assist in the assessment process the nurse may utilise a model of behaviour such as Prochaska & DiClemente’s stages of change model (1984). This works on the assumption that individuals go through a number of stages in order to change behaviour, from pre -contemplation where a person has not considered a behaviour change, to maintenance, when a healthier lifestyle has been adopted by the new behaviour. The stage a person is at will determine the intervention given by the nurse; therefore it is essential that an effective assessment takes place. Walsh (2002) highlights patient motivation as central to success using this model, in that a patient will have more motivation; the more involved they are in planning the change.
Despite the health promoting activities mentioned and the increasing public awareness of the health risks to smoking, there are people who continue to smoke and some further develop illness as a consequence. Lung cancer has one of the lowest survival rates, and as little as 7% of men and 9% of women in England and Wales will live five years after diagnosis (Cancer Research UK 2011). Acknowledging this, the governments “Cancer Plan” aimed to tackle and reform cancer care in England by raising awareness of the signs and symptoms of cancer by investing in staff and extending the nurses role (DH 2000). This involves further training and education for nurses to develop their skills and knowledge to enable them to provide the treatment and/or advice required. This was succeeded by “Improving outcomes: a strategy for cancer” the aim being to enable patients living with cancer a “healthy life as possible”. The government pledged £10.75 million into advertising a “signs and symptoms” campaign to raise awareness of the three cancers accounting for the most deaths, breast, bowel and lung, to encourage the public to seek early help on detection of any symptoms (DH 2011). Currently no results are available on the effectiveness of this intervention due to its recent publication, however, one national policy that has had a positive effect on the health of individuals and the population is that of the “smoke-free England” policy implemented in 2007 prohibiting smoking in workplaces and enclosed public places. Health Education And Health Promotion Essay Primarily this policy was enforced to protect the public from second hand smoke; however, on introduction of the law smoking cessation services saw an increase in demand by 20%, as smokers felt the environment was conducive to them being able to quit (DH 2008). This policy also extended to hospital grounds, and the nurse must ensure a patient who smokes is aware of this on admission and use every opportunity possible to promote health.
Tertiary prevention aims to halt the progression, or reduce the complications, of established disease by effective treatment or rehabilitation (Tones & Green 2004). A diagnosis of cancer can cause great distress and a patient may go through a whole host of emotions. Naidoo and Wills (2000) suggest the aim of tertiary prevention is to reduce suffering and concerns helping people to cope with their illness. The community nurses role has been identified as pivotal in providing support for patients and families living with cancer (DH 2000). The World Health Organisation describe Palliative care as treatment to relieve, rather than cure, the symptoms caused by cancer, and suggest palliative care can provide relief from physical, psychosocial and spiritual problems in over 90% of cancer patients (WHO 2011).Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
Assessment and the provision of health education and information at this stage remains the same as that in secondary prevention, and it is not uncommon for the two to overlap. Providing advice and education on symptom control may alleviate some of the symptoms the patient experiences, for example breathlessness is a symptom of lung cancer (Lakasing & Tester 2006), and relaxation techniques may reduce this (Cancer Research UK 2011), therefore the nurse may be involved in teaching these techniques to the patient and family members. Continual smoking despite a lung cancer diagnosis can exacerbate shortness of breath and reduce survival rate (Roddy & Ross 2007), therefore the nurse can use this opportunity to reinforce the risks of smoking. However, the nurse must use her judgement effectively and be sensitive to the patient’s condition, as the willingness to learn and respond to teaching can be affected by emotional state (Walsh 2002). Establishing effective pain control is essential in the care of a cancer patient and this may involve discussion with the patients GP if medication needs adjusting. A referral to specialist help lines such as those provided by Macmillan cancer support may be useful in assisting a patient and/or family to cope with cancer, these services can be accessed in person or by telephone. These are just two examples of collaborative working and demonstrate the importance of inter-professional working.Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
In conclusion, with the emphasis of health promotion concerning prevention of illness and disease, the role of the nurse is essential in raising awareness and providing education and advice to individuals to facilitate behaviour change. The complexities of health promotion indicate the extensive competences a nurse must possess to empower and motivate individuals. However, governments also have a responsibility to promote and protect health and are pivotal in introducing national policy to build “healthy publics” and environments conducive to health.
The Role of Health Education in Health Promotion The role of health education in health promotion is: To empower the individual Through education So that, that person can use that knowledge To make informed choices and decisions Regarding their own personal health for the better This allows the individual to become autonomous, giving the person Freedom to make their own choices Giving back control regarding their own health and well being The Role of one agency in Health Promotion Introduction Before we talk about the agency Diabetes UK, we’ll give an outline on diabetes. Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
This has now grown to a network of more than 400 local voluntary groups, which provide support and information to people with diabetes across the UK. The British Diabetic Association was renamed as Diabetes UK in 2000. Their new name, quite literally, puts ‘diabetes’ first, and the hummingbird symbolises balance and control – vital for people with diabetes who have to regulate their blood glucose levels. Their Mission is: To improve the lives of people with diabetes and to work towards a future without diabetes. Their Vision is: To set people free from the restrictions of diabetes • The highest quality care and information for all • An end to discrimination and ignorance • Universal understanding of diabetes and of Diabetes UK • A world without diabetes Their Values are: • To put the interests of people with diabetes first • To be the best source of information on diabetes
Health is defined as a state of physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO). Like wise health promotion is the process of increasing the functional capacity of all people hence promote the sense of well-being. In order to accomplish this goal all health care professionals have to work hard by submitting themselves to their patients and community as a whole. Thus globalize health promotion should be the ultimate mission for all health care team, especially for nurses. Nurses are the first level health care team therefore nurses should play as a role model to all human beings. They should hold various positions in order to achieve optimum results. Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
The impacts of health promotion are healthy population and healthy environments. People need to commit themselves in strengthening their learning skills and to change their necessary life styles in order to improve their health. The Purpose of Health Promotion in Nursing Practice: Health promotion is utmost important to optimize and or to ensure a globalize good quality health. It is a multifactor approach and moreover the health care costs can be reduced to a great extent. Thus today’s bad economic condition can be changed greatly. This enables every individual to function effectively and appropriately. It is necessary to explore concepts of health by interactions between physical, social, psychological and spiritual aspects of life.(Edelman 2010). To prevent further progression of diseases and various opportunistic infections nurses should implement multiple health education strategies and teaching styles. Health Education And Health Promotion Essay
Get your Plagiarism-free essays from Tutorsgallery.com | <urn:uuid:86d55953-792c-4b87-9932-b78122f10789> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tutorsgallery.com/health-education-and-health-promotion-essay/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.946696 | 4,314 | 2.28125 | 2 |
|Frank Sayles Bowen|
|Born||March 4, 1905|
|Died||September 24, 1976 (aged 71)|
|Place of birth||Manila, Philippines|
|Place of death||Moncrief Army Hospital, Columbia, South Carolina|
|Allegiance||United States of America|
|Service/branch||United States Army|
|Years of service||1926–1964|
|Commands held||187th Airborne Infantry Regiment|
World War II|
Distinguished Service Cross|
Distinguished Service Medal
Legion of Merit
Early life and education
Frank Bowen, Jr. was born 3 April 1905 in Manila, the Philippines to Mildred A. Bowen and Frank S. Bowen.
From mid-1939 to mid-1947 his career tracked that of his mentor Robert L. Eichelberger. He served under Eichelberger in the 30th Infantry Regiment, In 1940, he served as aide-de‐camp to Eichelberger while he was superintendent of West Point.
World War II
With the US entry into World War II, Eichelberger took command of the 77th Infantry Division with Bowen as his Personnel Officer (G-1). Eichelberger soon took command of I Corps with Bowen serving as assistant Operation Officer and then Operations Officer (G-3). Col. Bowen would receive his first Distinguished Service Cross for his actions on 12 December 1942 during the Battle of Buna–Gona.
He served as commander of the 101st Airborne Division.
He retired from the Army in 1964.
He died at 24 September 1976 Moncrief Army Hospital, Columbia, South Carolina.
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Army Center of Military History.
- "Gen. Frank S. Bowen; Served in the Pacific". The New York Times. 26 September 1976. https://www.nytimes.com/1976/09/26/archives/gen-frank-s-bowen-served-in-the-pacific-member-of-eighth-armylater.html. Retrieved 8 July 2018.
- Eichelberger, Robert (2017). Our jungle road to Tokyo. Lulu. p. 43. ISBN 9781387367078.
- "Frank Sayles Bowen". Military Times.com. https://valor.militarytimes.com/hero/7294. Retrieved 8 July 2018.
- Southern Philippines: The U.S. Army Campaigns of World War II. Government Printing Office. p. 34. ISBN 9780160882807.
- Craft, Stephen (2015). American Justice in Taiwan: The 1957 Riots and Cold War Foreign Policy. University Press of Kentucky. p. 64. ISBN 9780813166360.
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).| | <urn:uuid:fe6a1d0f-d9ed-493b-adac-09ca13301596> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://military-history.fandom.com/wiki/Frank_S._Bowen | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.869894 | 665 | 1.632813 | 2 |
St. Andrews Optimists recently hosted Jack Sloan as their breakfast speaker. Sloan is the Director of Development for Pawmetto Lifeline.
He serves with a large formal staff, eight veterinarians, and at one time or another more than 800 volunteers. The overall goal of the facility is giving its animals safe, happy homes and beginning their new adopted lives in good health. Those health concern include all proper inoculations, spay/neuter surgeries as needed, and dental treatment. Pawmetto is nearing a statistical designation as a no-kill facility. To reach that level, euthanasias must be at 10 percent or less.
Pawmetto has a fleet of four Care-a-Vans that deploy around the Midlands almost every day to serve as mobile vaccine clinics. The in-house surgical team is nearing 100 spay/neuter procedures a day.
In addition to its facility capacity of 300 animals at any one time, Pawmetto sponsors a very active Fostering program. In these settings animals are placed with caring families who provide a calming influence. Often, those relationships transition to formal adoptions. Typically there are about 150 animals being fostered; however at the time of Sloan’s presentation, that number was at 175. The foster program is a huge help in managing what would otherwise be an over-capacity issue at the facility.
The role of the volunteers is a very important one. Those volunteers spend their time at Pawmetto giving the animals one-on-one attention for play and normal socialization. The animals become accustomed to positive interactions with people on a regular basis.
Pawmetto’s annual budget is about $6.5 million, with none of that funding coming from government sources. Therefore financial support comes entirely from individuals and businesses.
Photo: Optimist President Alan Taylor presents Jack Sloan with a copy of the Optimist Creed. | <urn:uuid:c5038ef4-bbaa-435b-b731-949fb88c5a57> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thenewirmonews.com/optimists-learn-about-pawmetto-lifeline/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.959921 | 387 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Online marketing is actually the most significant a part of internet promotion, which utilizes modern day a digital technological innovation like mobiles, desktop computers in addition to other digital types and media for advertising goods and services to individuals. The employment of internet marketing has grown dramatically over the recent past. Online makes it simple to attain a huge number of people who have an easy sales message provided straight away to their screen. Nowadays, just about every organization is internet marketing utilizing electric programs to improve revenue and manufacturer recognition.
Affiliate marketing by way of digital camera programmes has the potential to deliver rapid results in relation to developing more customers in to a firmrrrs entrance. Inside your achieve success in internet marketing via digital marketing plans is to be certain that there’s always new just what it the most recent advertising and marketing approaches and movements in the marketplace. It’s good to know the latest marketing suggestions due to the fact many of these technology and concepts may help your online business targeted traffic your blog and raise gross sales. Here are amongst the latest tendencies in digital marketing that will help your business:
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Using Online Marketing: It’s very important to get the word out of your business making use of online marketing approaches. Digital marketing implies different things to be able to people today. Some refer to it website marketing or web marketing. It’s the means of making sure that your information is given across efficiently through various press together with mail, fast communication and SMS. A number of the a example of online marketing tools include:
Advertiser Content: If you want to see achievement from a online marketing campaigns then it is necessary that you incorporate articles in the advertising endeavours. It’s not enough advertising a little something and wish that searchers feel it. You need to make sure that they genuinely wish to understand what you have to say. You’ll want material that will seize their awareness to make them want to seem additionally. Moreover, you should make sure that they get worth because of their funds. Accomplished by making certain internet users are able to contact you or watch other goods.
Pay Per Click Traffic: You can also use given search engine marketing as the second kind of website marketing. Because of this way of advertising and marketing you spend the various search engines anytime anyone clicks on your ad. Therefore, your advertisement is promoted every time a search engine user trys to follow your advertising. You should use given search in many different methods, such as receiving targeted targeted visitors, increased organic and natural search positions and much better results from your PPC promotions.
SEO: Search Engine Ranking is among the greatest website marketing methods you are able to put into practice in order to transform your business enterprise. SEO will allow you to rank higher on search results websites. Higher rankings will enhance your web site’s field of vision to improve and users the chances of you building product sales. SEO functions keywords within your world-wide-web-web page content, inside the meta tags, headline and Meta meta tags and many others. An awesome SEO approach will combine these techniques as well as regular and suitable linking. Forex trading you’re able several Revenue and like the benefits associated with better online gains. | <urn:uuid:a0de0d30-1bd1-4ce4-8fa3-32a818e74fb6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://milalightblog.com/best-techniques-for-improving-online-profits/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.933499 | 878 | 1.804688 | 2 |
In 1917, socialist, feminist and anti-war activist, Alice Wheeldon, her daughter Winnie and husband Alf Mason were given long prison sentences for supposedly plotting to kill the Prime Minister Lloyd George and Arthur Henderson, the leader of the Labour Party. The evidence was flimsy, their accuser an MI5 agent provocateur so dubious the prosecution kept him away from the trial. It was a time when Britons were increasingly vocal in their opposition to the continuing and pointless carnage of the First World War and there was growing resistance to conscription. The British state inspired the plot against the Wheeldon family in order to discredit the anti-war movement and to keep the populace focused on sending their sons and husbands to the trenches.
Chloe Mason, the great granddaughter of Alice Wheeldon, is leading a campaign to have the case recognised as a miscarriage of justice and to clear the names of Alice and other family members. Sheila Rowbotham, renowned historian and feminist, has recently authored a new edition of her classic The Friends of Alice Wheeldon which presents her continuing research into the case. Sheila and Chloe will discuss the new evidence they have uncovered, the issues it raises and its bearing on the ongoing campaign.
Sheila Rowbotham’s books have been translated into many languages and her early works are currently being reissued as classic texts of feminism. She is an Honorary Fellow in Social Science at Manchester University. Her recent work includes Edward Carpenter: A Life of Liberty and Love (Verso, 2008) winner of the Lambda Literary Award for Gay Memoir/ Biography 2008 in the US and shortlisted for the James Tait Black Memorial Prize in the UK and Dreamers of a New Day: Women who Invented the Twentieth Century (Verso, 2010). She contributed ‘Alice Wheeldon Revisited’ to Mary Davis (ed.), Class and Gender in British Labour History (Merlin, 2011).
Further details at: | <urn:uuid:343513d1-b2ea-4772-9bc0-51b7b2a6b6e3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.brh.org.uk/site/events/the-friends-of-alice-wheeldon/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.956946 | 400 | 2.6875 | 3 |
This year marks the 110th anniversary of the Arkansas History Commission and State Archives. The Arkansas History Commission was created during the 1905 session of the Arkansas General Assembly for the purpose of collecting and preserving Arkansas’s significant wealth of historic material.
In celebration of this milestone, the History Commission will host an open house and anniversary commemoration on Monday, April 27 from 10 a.m. until noon. Members of the general public are invited to visit the research room at 1 Capitol Mall, view some of the state’s most significant historical documents, including Arkansas’s original state constitutions, preview an exhibit on the agency’s history, and meet the staff to learn more about how the History Commission has been a vital part of preserving Arkansas history for well over a century.
The Arkansas History Commission is located at 1 Capitol Mall on the second floor of the Multi Agency Complex Building behind the Arkansas State Capitol building.
For more information, please call 682-6900 or email email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:c52ea81e-e22f-481c-95a7-ab319cca39e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://arkansasstatearchives.blogspot.com/2015/04/the-ahc-celebrates-110-years.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.916452 | 210 | 2 | 2 |
Value Creation - What Does it Mean?
Something - let's call it innovation - which makes it economically possible to do and create either totally new things, or to do old things more efficiently. Here's a great example:
"...The industry is now so big that it is possible to build a hot rod entirely from new parts. And for purists who want old parts, the Internet has eliminated the hallowed junkyard crawl, once a rite of passage. "Places like eBay have just revolutionized the way we shop for parts," said Rob Kinnan, the editor of Hot Rod magazine."
If it sounds obvious - it's not. Mapping value shifts is notoriously difficult (if easy in hindsight). But understanding this process of value creation is the heart of not just capital formation, but also of killer opportunities and ideas. | <urn:uuid:bfba68ec-fc1e-4c4c-ae0e-50d618966bd1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bubblegeneration.com/2004/12/value-creation-what-does-it-mean.cfm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.930301 | 169 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Parent Workshops & Series
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, all parent workshops will be conducted via online platforms. Thank you for your understanding.
Reading is FUN ! (Early Literacy Workshops)— Strong readers have greater academic success over their entire lifetime! Come join us for some fun reading strategies that you can explore at home with your young children. These workshops are designed for parents with children in preschool, TK, and Kindergarten. Come join us each Wednesday afternoon in March. Parents will receive a free book for each session they attend. These workshops are a collaboration between our Parent Engagement Department and First 5 of Contra Costa County. Each week will have a specific focus (building oral language, building alphabet awareness, building phonemic awareness, concepts about print & ready fluency).
Come Read With Me ! (workshops for parent & student)--Tandem early literacy specialists will provide an interactive workshop for parent (caregiver) & child. These workshops are designed for parents with children in preschool, TK, and Kindergarten. Strong readers have greater academic success over their lifetime. Come join us each Wednesday afternoon in February. Parents will receive a free book for each session they attend. Each week will have a specific focus.
What is new at the Pittsburg Library--Come and learn about what activities, program, & resources the library has to offer over the summer.
Reclassification--Come and learn about what reclassification is, how a student is reclassified and the benefits of reclassification.
Aeries Parent Portal--Come and learn about the portal and how it is designed to help monitor school attendance, academic progress (including grades, homework and test results).
ParentSquare--Come and learn about our new communication platform, including how to send messages to your child's teachers, setting your language preference, and selecting when you would like to receive messages.
Positive Parenting Webinars (in English)—These 3 workshops are desgined for PUSD parents with children in junior high or high school (up to 17 years old). The workshops focus on raising responsible teenagers, developing self-discipline, establishing good routines, and keeping teenagers connected.
Saving for College--Join us to learn several strategies to pay for college. It's never too early to start planning and saving!
Preparing our children to be college scholars--Join us to learn several strategies to prepare our children not only to get into college, but also to succeed.
Writing College Essays--Learn strategies on how to organize, write and excel in your college admissions essays.
Mindfulness--Come and learn what mindfulness is and how it can be used to reduce stress and improve positive mental health.
Managing Stress, Anxiety and Depression--Join us for these 3 separate workshops with La Clinica to learn strategies for reducing and managing stress, anxiety and depression. Learn about what the symptoms are, when to seek medical attention and what resources are available in our community.
Suicide Prevention -- Join us to learn about suicide statistics, warning signs, where and how to seek help, and resources available within the school district and community.
Bullying Prevention -- Join us to learn about what bullying is and the resources available within the school district and community to support students and families.
Coping With Grief & Loss--This workshops is brought to you by the district's Social and Emotional Learning Team. Due to the current pandemic, it is common to experience feelings of loss and/or grief. Come learn about what and how loss affects us, how even minor changes can lead to feelings of loss and grief, how to live and thrive in spite of fear, loss, and grief, and finally, tools your family can use to cope with loss and grief.
Medical Health Options--Join us for a workshop with La Clínica on the various medical health options available, how to get help filling out the application and when open enrollment takes place.
Asthma Management--Join us for a workshop on asthma management. We will explore what asthma is, how to manage asthma, how air quality can impact asthma and what resources are available within our school district and community.
Air Quality--Join us for a workshop with La Clínica on air quality in Pittsburg. We will explore what air quality is, how it can impact our health, how to monitor air quality and how we can advocate within our community.
COVID-19 Vaccine Informational Workshop—Come and join us for informational session with the most up-to-date information on how to keep your family safe during the COVID-19 pandemic, including the latest information on the COVID-19 vaccines (including boosters and vaccines for children). These workshops are offered through a partnership with La Clinica.
The Effects of Marijuana on the Adolescent Brain--Learn about the impact marijuana can have on the developing brain. This webinar for parents is brought to you in collaboration with the Community Coalition of Pittsburg, Bay Point. We will have one session in English and one in Spanish.
Drug, Alcohol and Vaping Prevention--Learn about the various drugs in our community, the warning signs to look for (as a parent) and how to have conversations with our children about this topic.
Immigration Forum--Come and learn about updates on DACA and Public Charge, receive free consultaions with an attorney on a limited basis.
We offer several informative and educational series for parents and guardians.:
Teen/Adolescent Triple P (Positive Parenting Program) / English Series—This 5-week series is for PUSD parents with children in junior high or high school (up to 17 years old). The program focuses on using positive discipline strategies, managing difficult behaviors, creating action plans for those difficult conversations with teens, fostering independence, and preparing your adolescent for adulthood. This series will discuss these topics in depth.
Elementary Age Triple P (Positive Parenting Program in English)—This 7-week series is for PUSD parents with children in elementary schools (up to 12 years old). The program focuses on using positive discipline strategies, managing challenging behaviors, teaching children problem resolution skills, and setting realistic expectations that work for your child & family. This series will be offered in Spanish. Parents can register online.
Stepping Stones (For Parents of Students with Special Needs)--This 10-session program focuses on using positive discipline strategies, managing challenging behaviors, and strategies that support positive behavior at home and at school.
Father Talk (Supporting Fathers & Father Figures) / English Series--This 8-week series is for PUSD fathers and father figures. The series has a specific focus each week.
- Session #1: The Individual—Having a child changes people’s perceptions of themselves and their relationships in ways that often need re-examination, reflection and re-adjustment.
- Session #2: Parent/Child Relationship—Involved fathers are important to their children’s development and health.
- Session #3: Co-Parenting—Identifying and strengthening positive qualities of the co-parenting relationship
- Session #4: Three generations of parenting styles—How childhood experiences influence what you want to repeat and what you want to do differently.
- Session #5: The Individual—The “spillover” of stresses/strains from work to family and family to work; ways of responding to and handling stress.
- Session #6: Parent/Child Relationship—Strengthening parenting skills
- Session #7: Co-parenting—The parents/guardians as a parenting team; division of parenting responsibilities and the ways that partners can support each other in their parenting roles.
- Session #8: Outside the Family—Your work & Community Agencies
Diabetes Awareness and Education--In this 6-session series, participants will explore learning how to test blood sugar, what diabetes is and its risk factors, monitoring your body and learning the symptoms, physical activity and medicine, nutrition and health, and living with diabetes and overall health. Participant must have a diabetes diagnosis or a family member with a diabetes diagnosis.
Cooking Matters--Learn about how the food we eat can support a healthy development. Over the period of 3-weeks, we will explore various healthy & delicious recipes.
UCCE Nutrition Series--Learn about how the food we eat can support a healthy development. Learn about how to read food labels, how to shop on a budget, and how to create weekly menus. | <urn:uuid:0aa11bb9-75ef-49ca-af9d-dc137bf10ea6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pittsburg.k12.ca.us/domain/2690 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.92358 | 1,749 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Text: Li Hua (Special Research Fellow, Coin Research Institute)
The author would like to thank Guo Yu, Wu Weilong and Elder Ryan for their valuable opinions. Of course, they are responsible for their own responsibility.
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- About Token Classification Act, Libra, and SEC: Interview with Kristin Smith, Director of External Affairs, Blockchain Association
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This article is about 5,000 words, and it takes about 15 minutes to read the full text.
The engineering realization of zero-knowledge proof is a very challenging job, but this does not mean that understanding zero-knowledge proof is equally difficult, and the logic behind it is simple.
Why do you need to understand it? Privacy issues need not be mentioned. Another important reason is that with the deep exploration of blockchain, we find that the implementation of trust through cryptography is an effective complement to the trust of consensus algorithms. These two trusts can be less frictional. The ground is combined and therefore easier to implement and apply. This trend can also be seen from the recent development of blockchain technology.
And only when we know the logic behind these cryptography methods, we won't lose it, we can understand why it is designed in this way, and what kind of application scenario it applies to.
So now, let's start the journey of zero knowledge proof. It consists of three journeys:
- Hide secret journeys;
- Prove a secret journey;
- Build a journey of universal zero-knowledge proof.
In the universe of Star Trek, P = NP.
◆ 1. Hide secret: one-way function ◆
In the universe of Star Trek, P = NP, which may be a good thing for the computational world, it means that all problems that can be verified in polynomial time can also be solved in polynomial time. But for the cryptography community, this could be a disaster.
Cryptography requires a "one-way function", which means that B can be calculated from A, but there is computational infeasibility in calculating A from B – the calculation is from A to B is one-way, we only It is possible to hide A. And if P = NP, the problem that can be verified in polynomial time is also solvable, then A can be calculated by B, and the secret cannot be hidden.
This is the simple logic behind cryptography: one-way functionality. The support behind the one-way function is P! = NP.
What is the relationship between this and zero-knowledge proof? We can decompose the zero-knowledge proof into two functions. The first function is to hide the secret, and the second function is to prove that there is a secret. And hiding the secret, as described above, is to find a calculation with a one-way function.
Zero knowledge proof:
Zero-knowledge proof means that the verifier is convinced that an assertion is true, and that the entire process does not reveal any knowledge other than "assertion is true." To make it easier to understand, this article simplifies it as hiding secrets and proving secrets.
The elliptic curve algorithm (ECC) is a one-way function commonly used in cryptography. It looks like this: k × P = Q. In the case of known P, we can calculate Q by k. , but it is difficult to calculate k by Q. It should be noted that the meaning of addition or multiplication in cryptography is not limited to the meaning of addition or multiplication on the real domain we are familiar with.
Let us see how it is unidirectional. In this function, P is a point on the elliptic curve. We put a small ball at the point and hit it in the tangential direction. The ball hits the elliptical curve and hits k times (this can be understood as such ), and finally will fall on a point Q. If we know the initial position P and the number of impacts k, we can calculate the falling point Q of the ball; but if we only see the ball falling on Q, it is impossible to calculate how many times it hits from point P to point Q, that is, k's.
The following figure is an example of k = 2. The ball starts from point P and hits twice on the point Q, so Q is equal to 2 × P. The elliptic curve algorithm is often used to generate the public and private keys. The public key is the last drop point Q of the ball, and the private key is the number k of impacts. The one-way function of k × P = Q makes it possible to hide the secret of the private key.
◆ 2. Prove the secret: the same state ◆
For zero-knowledge proofs, hiding secrets is only the first step, and we still need to prove that we really have the secret. Just as in the first journey, we only need to understand the one-way function. In this second journey, we only need to understand the "homomorphism". With the same state, we have the ability to prove the secret. So what is homomorphism?
We can think of the one-way function as a mapping relationship. For example, k × P = Q is the mapping of k to Q: in a space, we have an infinite number of k points, which are mapped to another space and become countless Qs. point. This is like the real world and the shadow world. Through the mapping of light, the objects in real space become the shadow of the shadow space.
At this time, it is assumed that there is a mechanical watch, and the movement is the hidden secret. We split the watch with the movement into 8 parts and map it into the shadow space. At this time, the shadow space will have 8 shadows; but pay attention to the real space, we show you a complete watch, the movement It is unexposed. This watch will also have a shadow in the shadow space. We call it the 9th shadow.
Now we combine the shadows of the eight components. If they can form a complete watch shadow, we can use this shadow to compare with the 9th shadow. If the two are the same, we can prove this piece of real space. The watch is made of an organic core because its shadow is the same as that of the parts containing the movement. This actually completes a simple zero-knowledge proof process.
The shadow of the complete component is the same as the shadow of the complete watch. We call this mapping the same state. Expressed by mathematical formula is f (watch) = f (part 1 + … + part 8) = f (part 1) + … + f (part 8). Among them, f (watch) is the shadow of the watch, f (part 1) + … + f (part 8) is the shadow of the watch combined with the shadow of the component.
To simplify this relationship is: f(a+b) = f(a) + f(b), which is the result of "calculated first and then encrypted" f(a+b) and "the result of the first encryption" f( a) + f(b) is the same. The homomorphism allows us to directly calculate the ciphertext, and then encrypt and encrypt the plaintext that hides the secret, and then verify whether the plaintext contains the secret by comparing whether the two are the same.
In abstract algebra, a homomorphism is a mapping that maintains a structure between two algebraic structures (such as groups, rings, or vector spaces).
If you only want to understand the basic logic of zero-knowledge proof, the journey can be ended here. There are only two knowledge points: 1. Hide the secret with one-way function; 2. Use the homomorphic map to prove the secret. Is it still easy?
Let's take a look at what this process looks like in real cryptography. Take the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) as an example. It is an algorithm with a zero-knot attribute. You can choose not to look at it, it will not affect your understanding of the same state.
Verification of the signature by the elliptic curve digital signature algorithm:
In this algorithm, the key process is to verify that f(Z + dA × R) = f(Z) + f(dA × R) = f(Z) + Qa × R, where Z is required to be signed with a private key. Message, dA is the private key, R is associated with the random number, and Qa is the public key. Because the homomorphic property, this equation is true, we can use the Qa (public key) on the right side of the equation to verify that Z is signed with the dA (private key) to the left of the equation.
Here, dA is the movement, Z+dA×R is the watch with the organic core, f(Z + dA × R) is the shadow of this watch, and f(Z) + f(dA × R) is the watch The shadow of the parts is combined into a watch shadow.
The homomorphic properties of the elliptic curve algorithm allow other algorithms, such as elliptic curve digital signature algorithms, to be used to hide and prove secrets, but the algorithm has limited capabilities because it only has additive homomorphism, which is f(a+b). = f(a) + f(b), but without multiplicative homomorphism, ie f(a × b) = f(a) × f(b).
This is equivalent to projecting objects in real space into shadow space. Shadow space can combine shadows with addition, but for some shadows that need to be combined by multiplication, it can't do anything about it.
How to do? A "pairing function" can be introduced. For example, the elliptic curve pairing function is a series of adjustments to the elliptic curve algorithm to generate a new mapping space. This new space satisfies both the additive homomorphism and the class multiplication homomorphism (note that it is just a class multiplication homomorphism). Come, in addition to addition, we can also use class multiplication to prove the secret.
Now, the second journey has arrived at the end. What we need to understand is that homomorphism is the key to prove the secret, but not all mappings have a "good" homomorphism, and different application scenarios have different requirements for homomorphism. In actual design. Different homomorphisms need to be implemented according to specific needs.
If the original space and the mapping space satisfy both the additive homomorphism and the multiplicative homomorphism, we call it a homomorphism. Full homomorphism means that you can perform arbitrary operations on ciphertext (you can combine shadows in any way), which is important for data privacy, but achieving full homomorphism is very difficult.
◆ 3. General Zero Knowledge Proof: NPC Problem ◆
You must have noticed that we say that the elliptic curve digital signature algorithm has a "zero-knowledge attribute", but it does not say that it is a zero-knowledge proof protocol, because its main business is to do digital signatures, hiding the private key is just that it must be implemented. a feature. And it can only hide the private key, if you want it to help you hide your own secret, it can't do it.
And zero-knowledge proof protocols, such as the familiar zk-SNARKs, whose main business is to hide and prove the secrets that need to be hidden. How is this done?
Let's go back to the one-way function k × P = Q at the beginning of this article. It can hide a secret k. If we complicate it, for example, it becomes t × h = (v0 + a1 × v1 + …… + Am × vm)(w0 + b1 × w1 + …… + bm × wm) Such a polynomial, is there a lot of "space" that can hide the secret, such as placing the secret in a1, a2, …, am .
In fact, the complex polynomial above is the polynomial used in zk-SNARKs to achieve zero-knowledge proof, which can prove various types of secrets because it can prove Boolean circuits.
Why can you prove the various types of secrets by proving Boolean circuits? Because Boolean circuit satisfiability is an NPC (NP-Complete) problem, and NPC problem has a "characteristic", that is, all NP problems (including NPC) can be reduced (converted) into a specific one in polynomial time. NPC problem.
For example, Boolean circuits, graph theory, and other minesweeping games that we are familiar with are all NPC problems. We can make the mine-sweeping game stipulated into the sufficiency of the Boolean circuit, that is, it can realize the zero-knowledge proof of the mine-sweeping game with the polynomial that proves the Boolean circuit; the graph theory can be simplified into the sufficiency of the Boolean circuit, that is, A zero-knowledge proof of tristimulation with a polynomial that proves a Boolean circuit…
So in theory, we can build a generic zero-knowledge proof protocol based on any NPC problem. But this is only theoretical, because the difficulty of using them for proof is quite different. The current mainstream method is to choose Boolean circuits or arithmetic circuits because they are relatively easy to implement and have small circuit scales. zk-SNARKs and Bulletproofs are the choices.
After three trips, the zero-knowledge proof may no longer be mysterious for us. It has simple logic behind it: 1. One-way function is a method of hiding secrets; 2. Homomorphic mapping is the basis for proof of secrets. ; 3. A polynomial that proves the NPC problem (but this is not the only way) can implement a universal zero-knowledge proof.
The implementation of different zero-knowledge proof protocols in these three points is different. The most important difference may be reflected in the third point. Even if it proves that the same NPC problem, there can be a completely different method. Because of the different designs, the most frequently mentioned differences in zero-knowledge certification protocols include:
1. Different calculation space and calculation time. Smaller space and shorter time are the main driving force for our continuous improvement of the zero-knowledge proof protocol, and also the main indicator for comparing different zero-knowledge proof protocols.
For example, the following figure is the table used by ZCash CEO Zooko Wilcox when it comes to the zero-knowledge proof protocol. The main comparison is the proof time, verification time and proof size of different protocols.
2. Whether you need to initialize trusted settings. It's certainly better to not need trusted settings, which will reduce trust and security issues, but new proof methods can lead to new computing problems, such as Bulletproofs do not require trusted settings, but its cost of verification in high complexity situations It will be very high.
3. The security assumptions on which it depends. Security assumptions are closely related to security. For example, Bulletproofs relies on a standard security assumption: discrete logarithm problem, plus a random prediction model; and zk-SNARKs relies on an unverifiable security hypothesis problem: the exponential knowledge hypothesis.
These indicators and attributes are difficult to satisfy at the same time. Therefore, when designing a zero-knowledge proof protocol or selecting a zero-knowledge proof protocol/method as a functional component of a protocol, it is necessary to consider the requirements of a specific scenario. For example, if there is a high requirement for the proof time, it may be necessary to choose a method that takes up more space or has less versatility; if there is a requirement for a trusted setting, it may be necessary to select a method with a higher proof cost.
Therefore, on the one hand, zero-knowledge proof is constantly evolving, various protocols are being designed, and some new protocols will have advantages in some aspects; on the other hand, different protocols have different application scenarios, Designing or choosing according to your needs, there is no better agreement for all scenarios.
If you want, the journey will end here; if you want to continue, the next paragraph is a bit wild.
This is about zk-STARKs. It is also a zero-knowledge proof protocol, but it is a zero-knowledge proof based on information coding, which is a completely different path and may disrupt your already clear thinking.
zk-STARKs does not use a one-way function in cryptography. If you understand it simply, it does this: suppose P has 9 numbers to prove, a1, a2, …, a9, then encode them into b1, B2, …, b9, each bi contains partial information of a1, a2, …, a9. At the time of verification, the verifier V performs a sampling check on b1, b2, …, b9, and can analyze whether there is an error in the code from a small amount of bi, so that a1, a2, …, a9 can be detected with a high probability. Is it true?
When V randomly samples P, P can actively confuse the sampled bi with random numbers, and at the same time enable V to complete the verification, thus achieving zero knowledge.
Therefore, the "one-way" of zk-STARKs is not based on the one-way calculation that is not feasible. It is because all the b1, b2, …, b9 are not exposed, which makes it impossible to calculate a1 by b1, b2, …, b9. , a2, …, a9. In the "homomorphism" part, it is not a homomorphic concept in abstract algebra (or cryptography), but is based on linear coding error correction theory for sampling verification.
zk-STARKs is also not validated based on the NPC puzzle described above, which is based on probabilistic checks. For this type of verification method, you can find clues from an ancient Probabilistically Checkable Proofs (PCP), but the method used in zk-STARKs is called IOP (Interactive Oracle Proofs). The difference with PCP is that it uses Is Oracle.
The reason why zk-STARKs is introduced is because it is also quite popular. On the other hand, it is to explain that zero-knowledge proof may be a thing that is difficult to explore the boundary. For example, zk-STARKs is very different, so this article only understands zero knowledge. An angle of proof, and because of its limited cognition, this angle may not apply to all zero-knowledge proof methods.
I hope this article will give you a better understanding of zero-knowledge proof, and hope that you can think that cryptography and mathematics are interesting because of its complexity and because of the simple logic behind the complexity. | <urn:uuid:cf992cbd-4a59-499d-9c98-ff779a1a9971> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blocking.net/22636/read-the-simple-logic-behind-the-zero-knowledge-proof/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.92978 | 4,104 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Many saltwater aquarists have not applied the same good advice about their own nutrition to feeding their fish. Part of this may be because the nutritional requirements of captive saltwater fish were previously not understood by hobbyists. However, now we recognize that the diet we provide our fish will determine how long they live in our aquariums and how good they look.
A poor or unbalanced diet can result in general health problems. For example, saltwater fish that do not have an appropriate diet can suffer fromhealth issues, such as lateral line and fin erosion, weight and color loss, listlessness and greater susceptibility to pathogens. To help prevent these, we will look at the types of foods available to feed our saltwater fish, and we will also briefly discuss feeding regimens.
One of the best ways to ensure that you meet the dietary needs of your saltwater fish is to feed them a diet as close to their natural foods as possible. Unfortunately, this ideal approach is usually difficult, if not impossible, to actually do. So, the next best thing is to provide them with as varied a menu as possible in an attempt to cover all the nutritional bases.
Many of us feed frozen foods. When you use these, remove them from the freezer, and keep them at room temperature until they are thawed. You can soak the food in water to speed up this process, but some vitamins are likely to leach out into the liquid. It’s a good idea to pour the food into a fine-mesh net and drain off any liquid before adding to the saltwater aquarium. Do not refreeze the food after it has been thawed, as quality could be compromised.
The modern saltwater fishkeeper has access to many great frozen foods. One good staple is frozen seafood, which is widely available in many stores. Shrimp, clams, squid and saltwater fish flesh — rinsed and finely chopped — are great foods. You can run frozen shrimp, squid or fish flesh over a cheese grater to produce bite-size shavings for your fish. Many graters have holes of varying size, so you can adjust the size of the shavings to best suit the size of the fish you’re feeding. If offering saltwater fish flesh, avoid oily species (e.g., tuna, herring), as these will cause a fatty film on the water’s surface. Also be aware that fresh foods can quickly become rancid, polluting the aquarium. It’s important to remove uneaten pieces from the bottom of the aquarium and filter soon after the food is put into the aquarium.
Commercial frozen preparations are a wonderful staple food for saltwater fish. Some of these products are made specifically for fish of various feeding categories (e.g., carnivore diet, herbivore diet) or even particular taxonomic groups. (e.g., a specific diet for angelfish, triggerfish or small sharks). Most of these frozen preparations consist of a mix of saltwater organisms (e.g., scallops, fish, crustaceans), supplemented with pigments, vitamins and essential amino acids.
There are some wonderful nutrient-rich flake foods on the market today that are not only good for your fish but can help maintain their amazing colors. These flakes have added pigments that will reduce the likelihood of a spectacular fish changing from dramatic to dull. As with frozen foods, there are flake foods that target the nutritional needs of carnivores or herbivores. There are also pelletized foods and tablet foods (these vary in nutritional content). Not all fish are as keen to ingest these latter two types of food. Of course, with dried foods, it’s easier to offer more frequent feedings because it is more convenient.
Frozen mysid shrimp are a wonderful food for captive saltwater fish. Many that may normally be difficult to feed will accept these succulent little crustaceans with gusto. Mysids are also nutritious, relatively high in protein and fats; the combined crude fat and protein content is approximately 72 percent.
Unfortunately, not all frozen mysid shrimp are equal. Some tend to consist of mushy mysid fragments rather than nice firm, whole shrimp. Be aware that mysids are not high in carotenoids, so if you feed them exclusively, certain saltwater fish species may exhibit color loss. I recommend supplementing a mysid diet with some of the frozen preparations or flake food with added pigments.
Another wonderful food making its way into more aquarium stores is frozen cyclops. This is composed of the minute crustacean in the genus Cyclops. It’s a very nutritious food — it has a lot of HUFA (high unsaturated fatty acids) and high protein content. It remains in suspension longer, and fish love it. This food is especially good for small, zooplankton-eating fish because it floats around in the water longer than most foods and gives the planktivores time to pick food particles out of the water column. When feeding this food, be aware that very small chunks contains a lot of individual cyclops (so it’s easy to overfeed).
I do feed frozen brine shrimp and krill, but would never recommend you use them exclusively. Both foods (and many other crustaceans) are rich in carotenoid pigments and do help fish retain bright colors. Another way to ensure your fish are getting nutritional diversity is to soak fish food in an additive that contains Omega-3 fatty acids and a stabilized form of vitamin C — vital nutrients that are often missing in aquarium fish diets. These can work particularly well if you’re feeding freeze-dried foods, such as krill, which soak it up like a sponge.
Plants in the Diet
If you are keeping plant-eating fish, you will need to include fresh vegetables in their diet. Many aquarists feed their herbivores romaine lettuce, spinach leaves and/or broccoli heads. Freeze or steam each leaf before introducing it into the aquarium; this makes it easier for the fish to digest. There are a variety of plastic clips with hangers or suction cups on the market that you can use to hold leaves inside the aquarium. This makes it easier for the fish to graze on the vegetable matter. If you do not have a clip, you can take a piece of coral rubble, attach a leaf to it with a rubber band and drop it to the bottom of the aquarium.
An even better supplement for plant-eaters are the sheets, flakes or chunks of dried macroalgae that are now available. Not too long ago, this type of food product was only available to aquarists who had an Asian food market in their area, as nori is dried algae used in the preparation of sushi. Dried algae are now available at many aquarium stores. They are available in sheets or chopped-up pieces, and they enable aquarists to feed their herbivores brown, green and red algae. Feed these to your herbivores on a daily basis.
A number of live foods can be used to supplement the diet of your fish or help induce a noneating fish to feed. Live brine shrimp and ghost shrimp are a favorite of many saltwater fish. It’s a good idea to gut-pack them before feeding to your fish: place a nutritious flake food or some cyclops in with your shrimp an hour or so before feeding them to your saltwater fish. Freshwater crayfish and fiddler crabs are great treats for predators that like large crustaceans. Freshwater livebearers (e.g., mollies, guppies) are very popular foods, but do not feed your predators only live freshwater fish because they lack fatty acids that saltwater fish need for good health. You should also gut-pack these feeder fish prior to feeding them to the saltwater fish.
Lipid deficiencies can result from offering foods that lack the appropriate fatty acids or have been improperly stored. The lipids most essential in fish diets are the Omega-3 fatty acids, which are abundant in the flesh of many saltwater fish but less prevalent in freshwater fish. This is one reason it’s important to feed saltwater rather than freshwater fish. A lack of these fatty acids can result in fat infiltration of the liver, which can interfere with its function and lead to serious problems.
Saltwater fish can be categorized into four feeding guilds. There are detritivores (which feed on detritus), herbivores (which feed on plant material), carnivores (which feed on animal matter) and omnivores (which feed on both plants and animals). Some biologists elevate those fish species that eat zooplankton to the level of these four feeding groups but most include them as a subgroup in the carnivore guild.
Detritivores and Herbivores
Species in these two feeding guilds consume large quantities of food throughout the day. For example, the Cortez gregory (Stegastes rectifraenum) takes more than 3,000 bites in one day, and it takes more than 500 bites to fill its gut once. This fish, which reaches a maximum weight of about 2.5 ounces, consumes about 0.4 ounce of algae per day (that’s about 16 percent of its total body weight per day). It consumes large quantities of food because algae contain a limited quantity of digestible nutrients.
If you keep herbivores in your aquarium, bear these facts in mind, especially if your aquarium is devoid of marine algae. Rather than giving them one big meal, provide several smaller meals throughout the day. To supplement this, add a piece of dried algae to the aquarium once a day. If your herbivores quickly eat the algae, add another piece. Just remember to remove any uneaten pieces after 24 hours. For those who keep fish-only aquariums, I strongly suggest you try and encourage a lush growth of filamentous algae, which will act as a natural food source for these fish.
Carnivores are the most well-represented fish on coral reefs, and they vary greatly in the types of food they ingest and their hunting techniques. Species that feed on encrusting invertebrates (e.g., angels, butterflyfish, filefish, triggerfish, puffers) feed often throughout the day. For example, the French angelfish (Pomacanthus paru), which feed mainly on sponges, take an average of about three bites per minute during the day. Like herbivores, these species need to be fed several small meals during the day rather than one large feeding. Carnivores that feed on small bottom-dwelling invertebrates (many dottybacks, cardinalfish, wrasses, dragonets, gobies) also feed often. These species should be fed at least a couple of times per day, unless their normal fare is present in appreciable quantities in the aquarium (e.g., small crustaceans among the live rock). Fish that feed on large prey items (e.g., morays, groupers) usually ingest a large prey item once a day. Some even feed less frequently than this (several times a week).
Zooplankton feeders (anthias, fairy wrasses, flasher wrasses, dartfish) have different requirements than many of the other carnivores. It is very important that active zooplanktivores are fed more frequently than most other carnivores — at least three times a day.
The omnivores are species that feed on plant and animal material. They are the second largest guild (in terms of numbers of species) in coral reef fish communities. The amount of each food group consumed depends on the species and age of the fish, and may vary from one habitat to the other.
A number of herbivores adopt an omnivorous lifestyle as juveniles. By ingesting animal prey when they are younger, these fish can get more of the valuable nitrogen necessary for growth, which is less abundant in plant material. Juveniles are less efficient at assimilating nutrients from plant material. This is probably related (at least in some species) to the relative length of the intestine and the retention time of the food eaten. Like the herbivores, omnivores feed frequently and only during the day. They should be provided with a varied diet that includes plant and animal matter.
So ends our look at foods and feeding. Remember that the key is variety. Feed your fish as many different foods as possible, providing a nutritious frozen prepared food or seafood as the main component of the diet. | <urn:uuid:31124b7c-aa7a-45d4-8453-8c57cbd0c4c4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://amoc.co.ke/catalog/find-out-how-and-what-to-feed-your-saltwater-fish/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.942214 | 2,643 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Everybody wants to make their home beautiful and the prime elements that make your house unique are the flooring. As the flooring will be run throughout the house and floor design must be distinctive as per room location. It is not possible to use the same flooring in the kitchen and the same must be used in the living room. Because the utility of both rooms is also different. This is the reason that we can see that each room in the house, may have a different type of material for flooring. The house can contain wooden floor, tiles or granite stones Melbourne. This all depends upon the user choice and needs. But the most common items used for flooring are great tiles. The tiles can be of different materials, each material has its characteristics and design. Here we will be discussing the most common material for tiles.
- Marble Tiles: The marble is a natural material and it is unique in terms of texture. The marble is perfect for tiling because it provides durability and elegance to any floor, where it is installing. Also, the uniqueness in its design makes it look. It may be a little expensive but it can alone elevate the look of your house. The installation of marble tiles is comparatively easy due to its large size slabs. It requires less maintenance than other types of tiles. The good thing about marble tiles is that it is perfect for indoor and outdoor use, depending upon the user preference and home design. Once installed, you don’t have to worry about its replacement for decades. This can be said the money you spent once, will satisfy your creativity and utility for a long time.
- Granite Tiles: The granites are originally igneous rocks, so it means that they are more durable than any other type of tiles. They are the perfect fit for the exterior of the house, but they can also be installed where you need durable floorings like fireplace, kitchen or bathroom vanities. As they are stronger and denser, so there will be the limit in cutting them into customized shape. But once installed, they require minimal maintenance and their durability will allow them to last for a lifetime. As it is a natural rock, there will be a limitation in their designs and colours but where you need to have a natural look & feel, they will be perfect to provide.
- Synthetic Tiles: These are man-made tiles, usually made for ceramic or porcelain. The basic advantage of these tiles that there are nearly unlimited design and colours. They can be available in multiple sizes and material type. This provides great flexibility when you need to creative illustrative designs in your house. The installation of these tiles is labour intensive and they require regular maintenance. They are durable but not as marble or granite. Comparing the price, they are cheaper than both options, so you will help those who are looking for a budget option in flooring. | <urn:uuid:ed56ec81-16da-48ca-9004-a729ac02f1a2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://rosemarysthoughts.com/differences-among-various-types-of-tiles/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.95532 | 585 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Writing manuals and copybooks (16th to 18th century)
From the 16th through 18th centuries two types of writing books predominated in Europe: the writing manual, which instructed the reader how to make, space, and join letters, as well as, in some books, how to choose paper, cut quills, and make ink; and the copybook, which consisted of pages of writing models to be copied as practice.
In Rome in 1540 Giovanni Battista Palatino published his Libro nuovo d’imparare a scrivere (“New Book for Learning to Write”), which proved to be, along with the manuals of Arrighi and Tagliente, one of the most influential books on writing cancelleresca issued in the first half of the 16th century. These three authors were frequently mentioned and imitated in later manuals, and their own manuals were often reprinted during and after their lifetimes.
The first non-Italian book on chancery was by the Flemish cartographer Gerardus Mercator. His Literarum Latinarum (“Latin Letters”), published in Louvain, Belg., in 1540, was written in Latin, then the universal language of scholarship; that fact must have increased the work’s appeal to northern European scholars who associated chancery with humanist learning. Mercator expanded on the Italian teaching method of showing, stroke by stroke, how each letter of the alphabet is made; like his Italian contemporaries, he grouped letters according to their common parts rather than alphabetically. Thus c, a, and d are presented together since they all begin with a common stroke c and are completed with a dotless i or l. His manual goes further than any previous one in presenting the order and number of strokes in making chancery capital letters. (The Italians merely presented examples of such letters to be copied.) Mercator also introduced the 45-degree pen angle for writing cancelleresca, something never suggested or practiced by Italian writing masters.
Juan de Yciar was the first in Spain to publish a copybook, the Recopilacion subtilissima (1548; “Most Delicate Compilation”). Two years later he published his Arte subtilissima (1550; “The Most Delicate Art”), in which he acknowledged his debt to the printed books of Arrighi, Tagliente, and Palatino. Like them he showed a variety of formal and informal hands and decorative alphabets. His manual differed from theirs in its inclusion of advice for teachers as well as for students.
The italic hand had little effect on publications in 16th-century Germany and Switzerland, where black-letter alphabets predominated. Johann Neudörffer the Elder was the first German to print a copybook. His Fundament…seinen Schulern zu einer Unterweysung gemacht (1519; “Foundation of…Instruction of His Pupils”) shows examples of German Kurrent (cursive), Kanzlei (chancery), and Fraktur (black letter). This Kanzlei bears no resemblance to Italian chancery; the name of the script is derived from the place where the script was used (a chancery is an administrative office) and does not describe a particular writing style. Neudörffer is considered the author of the definitive version of Fraktur script, a combination of the rigid textualis quadrata and the more relaxed bâtarde. This long-lived style was used as late as the 19th century by some German speakers in the United States and Canada. In 1538 Neudörffer published the first copybook to use an intaglio technique (i.e., printed from incised rather than raised areas of a plate). His Ein gute Ordnung… (“A Good Arrangement…”) contains etched writing examples produced as counterproofs—the incised plate produced writing with a mirror image, which was then transferred to plain paper while the ink was wet in order to give the letters in their correct orientation. Because this technique was cumbersome, having two separate steps, and did not produce a sharp image, it would be nearly 30 years before intaglio engraving was used again in a writing book. Most 16th-century German writing books, like those produced elsewhere in Europe, continued to be printed from woodcuts. Relief methods of printing, such as woodcut and movable type, required less pressure from the press and produced a correctly oriented page in one pass because the plate was made with a reversed image.
Wolfgang Fugger, a student of Neudörffer, published his Ein nutzlich und wolgegrundt Formular (“A Useful and Well-Grounded Form”) in Nürnberg in 1553. The work reveals many of the techniques used in teaching formal handwriting and calligraphy in the 16th century. Detailed drawings show how to cut a quill and the right and wrong way to hold a pen. Most of the included alphabets are diagrammed stroke by stroke. Some rather remarkable pages show how to transform black-letter capitals into ornate initials by the addition of a few formulaic flourishes. Fugger’s manual presents, in addition to the standard German and Italic hands, a geometrically constructed Roman capital alphabet and the Greek and Hebrew alphabets, acknowledging a debt to Italian writing books. But Fugger’s roman and italic minuscule scripts are rather poorly done and show how little these hands were understood or practiced in German-speaking countries during the 16th century.
The first writing books by French, Dutch, and English authors appeared in the second half of the 16th century. Like the German authors, these followed the Italian method of teaching the alphabets. Their books generally featured a rather spiky cursive secretary hand as well as some version of the Italian chancery script. By the time most of them were published (between 1561 and 1575), italic writing had undergone radical changes under the influence of the Vatican scribe Gianfrancesco Cresci.
Cresci published three writing books: Essemplare di piu sorti lettere (1560; “Model of all Sorts of Letters”), Il perfetto scrittore (1570; “The Perfect Writer”), and Il perfetto cancellaresco corsivo (1579; “The Perfect Cursive Chancery”). In relation to earlier works, these books show a chancery script written with a narrower pen, and as a result there was less contrast between the thick and thin letter strokes. Cresci’s hand was further characterized by a steeper letter slope to the right (10 to 15 degrees rather than the earlier 5 to 8 degrees); more joins between letters; and alternate forms for o, h, p, r, and d. The most striking characteristics of Cresci’s italic, however, are the pronounced, bulbous serifs on the ascenders, called testeggiata. Cresci’s newly decorative minuscules and florid capitals were harbingers of the coming fashion in penmanship.
The Essemplare is finely printed from woodcut blocks, but seven years after its publication a new and better method of reproducing elaborate calligraphy appeared. In 1567 Pierre Hamon, secretary and royal writing master to Charles IX of France, published the first copybook printed from engraved metal plates, Alphabet de plusiers sortes de lettres (“Alphabet of Several Sorts of Letters”). Although this title echoes the title of Cresci’s 1560 book, the works are different. Hamon devotes the first part of his book to various forms of the French secretary hand, a style he writes adding such wild embellishments that they seem to take on an independent existence, in contrast to the relatively orderly flourishes found in contemporary Italian writing books. Hamon also takes advantage of the metal engraving process by presenting free-form letters drawn in thin outlines, something beyond the capabilities of the woodcut. The second part of his copybook is given over to formal and informal styles of chancery, following Palatino’s models more than Cresci’s.
Hamon’s early use of metal engraving is generally overlooked in discussions of the printing history of writing books because of the extreme scarcity of his little book. Hamon was arrested in 1569 either for his Protestant religious beliefs, for forging the royal signature, or because he wrote some treasonable verses about the king. In any case, not only was Hamon executed that year, but all of his works were ordered destroyed.
The same year Hamon’s book appeared, the Flemish publisher-printer Christophe Plantin published the Dialogues françois pour les jeunes enfans (“Dialogues in French for Young Children”), which includes a conversation on the teaching of handwriting supposedly held between Hamon and a French physician and poet, Jacques Grévin. When Grévin asks Hamon which alphabet a child should learn first, Hamon recommends the cursive French secretary, followed by a dozen more hands, including a few italic styles.
The first copybook published in England, A Booke Containing Divers Sortes of Hands (1570; this title also translates Cresci’s), is the work of a French Huguenot immigrant writing master, Jean de Beauchesne, and John Baildon (or Basildon), about whom nothing further is known. Divers Sortes of Hands has characteristics of both writing manuals and copybooks: it includes instructions on how to make ink, cut a quill for writing, hold the pen (illustrated), and sit at a writing desk. Yet it does not explain how to write any of the 15 styles of handwriting it contains. Once again, secretary and other forms of gothic cursive hands predominate, with a few examples of “Italique” (as the book calls cancelleresca) letters. (Beauchesne himself was a master of this hand, however.)
Likewise, the anonymous A Newe Booke of Copies (1574) follows the pattern of Divers Sortes of Hands, with similar instructions and illustrations and emphasis on various secretary hands commonly used for writing legal and court documents. The focus of these books on commercial rather than calligraphic scripts probably reflects their most likely consumers—a merchant class in need of practical writing skill rather than a scholarly or courtly audience.
Around the middle of the 16th century, cancelleresca, or Italian chancery italic, had become the preferred hand of English intelligentsia and the royal court, who had learned it either directly from Italian or French writing masters (such as Beauchesne) or from printed books. Roger Ascham, a tutor to English nobility (including Queen Elizabeth I), wrote and taught an exemplary cancellaresca based on the one shown in Arrighi’s La operina, and the 16th-century scholar Bartholomew Dodington, a professor of Greek at the University of Cambridge, wrote a fluid italic that might have been the envy of any professional writing master.
Toward the end of the 16th century the Italians were losing their dominance in the writing-book market despite the number of titles they produced. Engraving had rapidly become the preferred means of reproducing all sorts of writing, and cancelleresca was evolving. The first copybook to be printed in the Netherlands from engraved metal plates was the Exercitatio alphabetica (1569; “Alphabet Practice”) by the 17-year-old Clément Perret. Perret’s book contains examples in many different hands chosen to match the language of the text. The beautifully ornate writing in Exercitatio is somewhat overshadowed by the finely drawn cartouches that surround the examples, and it seems clear that this was a book not only for writers but also for artists, mapmakers, metalsmiths, and needle workers—in short, all those who used letters or borders in their work. Perret’s copybook was closely followed by the first engraved Italian writing book, Essemplare utile di tutte le sorti di l’re cancellaresche correntissime (1571; “Useful Examples of All the Sorts of Cursive Chancery”) by Giuliantonio Hercolani. This copybook is less ornate than Perret’s, but it clearly shows how metal engraving can reproduce the subtleties of any writing style done with a broad-edged pen.
The last quarter of the 16th century also marks the emergence of women from their relative obscurity in the field of calligraphy. They had played an important role in the production of manuscripts since the 8th century, when the oldest surviving Roman sacramentary (Vatican Library, Reg. lat. 316) was written out at a convent in Chelles, France, about 750. Nuns and laywomen were responsible for writing and illuminating manuscripts throughout the Middle Ages, but they, like monks and laymen of the time, often remained anonymous.
The first calligraphy by a woman to appear in a printed work was that of Jacquemyne (or Jacomina) Hondius, the sister of the Dutch publisher, cartographer, and calligrapher Jodocus Hondius. Two examples by her were included in the first international calligraphic anthology, the Theatrum Artis Scribendi (1594; “Display of the Art of Writing”), published in Amsterdam by her brother. Other important calligraphers of the day—such as Jean de Beauchesne, Ludovico Curione, Jan van den Velde, and Peter Bales—were also represented in the book.
Another writing mistress of distinction is Marie Presot. Like Beauchesne, she and her husband were French Huguenots, and they settled in Edinburgh about 1574. They set up a school there where her husband, Nicholas Langlois, taught French language and composition and Presot taught writing. A single surviving manuscript by her in the Newberry Library, Chicago, shows a fine mastery of the French secretary and cancelleresca hands. Like many writing teachers, Presot also trained her children in the art of writing, and one of them, as Esther Inglis, went on to become one of the most prolific calligraphers of the late 16th and early 17th century. Inglis (a translation according to the Scottish usage of her father’s name, Langlois, meaning English) specialized in writing miniature books in literally minuscule scripts in which some letters were as small as 1 mm (.039 inch) high. Many of the books, in addition to showing a variety of 16th-century calligraphic hands, were decorated by Inglis with paintings or pen drawings of flora and fauna.
The growing literacy of the period, promoted by the rise of commerce throughout Europe, encouraged the teaching of writing to women, who were often involved in running their spouse’s business, and several late 16th-century printed copybooks contain examples for women to copy. The earliest writing book published by a woman survives in a unique, incomplete copy in the Newberry Library; it is Marie Pavie’s engraved copybook, which was probably printed in France about 1600. Pavie includes a Cresci-style italic and two forms of French secretary on each page. The scripts are ornately presented and surrounded by pen-drawn calligraphic borders similar to those found in other late-16th-century French writing books.
Maria Strick was a Dutch writing mistress who published four substantial writing books between 1609 and 1624, all engraved by her husband, Hans, who gave up his trade as a shoemaker to work on his wife’s books. Strick ran a French secular school for girls, first in Delft and later in Rotterdam. Her work, as was typical at the time, emphasized formal and informal Dutch secretary scripts and traditional italic writing. Her books demonstrate a mastery of flourishes and decorated initials. In a handwriting competition of 1620, her italic was judged best.
Calligraphy continued to evolve in the 17th century, and there was increasing emphasis on varieties of cancelleresca. Some writing masters began to call their version of this script italienne bastarde, or bastarde, in recognition of their alteration of this Italian hand. Others simply called it italique or lettera italiana. Regardless of the name, the hand had moved far from its early-16th-century prototypes. For example, at the beginning of the 17th century, writers began to change how the small letters were joined to each other. The bottom of some letters were connected to the top of others (en, for example) by a hairpin turn shape rather than at a sharp angle. Metal engraving was clearly a superior method of reproducing this type of delicate feature, which can be clearly seen in several plates in Les Oeuvres (“Works”), published in Avignon in 1608 by Lucas Materot. He called his style lettre bastarde or lettre Italienne-bastarde, and it would eventually influence 18th-century round hand and 19th-century copperplate. In another significant development, the use of flourishes became more prominent.
In Jan van den Velde’s Spieghel der Schrijfkonste (Rotterdam, 1605; “Mirror of the Art of Writing”), flourishing seems to be as important as the letters themselves. Made with the same pen as the writing and in a single uninterrupted line, the flourishes in Velde’s Spieghel range from variations on spirals and figure-eights to representations of various birds, beasts, and even a ship under sail. The Dutch especially excelled in pen decorations, and few important writing books appear without some form of flourishing for the rest of the century. For example, T’magazin oft’ pac-huys der loffelijcker pennconst (1616; “Stock of the Warehouse of Commendable Penmanship”), produced in Antwerp by David Roelands, includes calligraphic drawings of human and mythical figures, animals, ships, birds, monsters, and ornate initials; the book is more a display of what can be done with such penwork than it is a copybook.
Italian writing masters of the 17th century were soon playing catch-up with the Dutch: in 1619 Tomaso Ruinetti published his Idea del buon scrittore (“Ideal of the Good Writer”) which is more about calligraphic flourishes than about how to be a good writer. In Genoa in 1640, Francesco Pisani produced Tratteggiato da penna (“Drawn by Pen”), certainly the most elaborate writing book printed in 17th-century Italy. Pisani goes beyond the mere presentation of plants or animals to create—solely by means of flourishes—full compositions reminiscent of contemporary Italian drawings and paintings. On one page the roles of letters and flourishes are reversed, and the text forms the frame for a calligraphic drawing of St. George and the dragon. Elsewhere, some plates have only borders, and a blank space in the centre is perhaps meant to be filled in by the reader.
In England Edward Cocker, a prolific writing master, mathematician, and engraver who produced more than two dozen writing books, followed the Dutch and Italian lead in flourishing, but as the century wore on the tide was changing. Apparently fashion passed him by, for in his Pen’s Triumph (1658) Cocker rebuffs those who had criticized his pen decorations (or “knotts” as they were called because they looked as if they were tied-up pieces of string) with this punning verse:
Some sordid Sotts
Cry downe rare Knotts
Whose envy makes them currish
But Art shall shine
And Envie pine
And still my Pen shall flourish.
Also in the late 1650s, the French writing master and secretary to the chamber of King Louis XIV, Louis Barbedor, published an expanded version of his Traité de l’art d’escrire (“Treatise on the Art of Writing”), in which he presents only two styles of writing, declaring them to be the only useful hands for government documents: the financière and the italienne bastarde. (Barbedor had been given the task of revising the official government scripts by the king’s minister of finance, Jean-Baptiste Colbert.) Barbedor’s instructions for writing the italienne bastarde (which he saw as a near-universal hand for all sorts of nonfinancial documents) are precise: small letters slope 20 degrees to the right, are written with a broad-edged pen held at an angle of 22.5 degrees, and can be derived from the letters i and o. He does away with Cresci’s bulbous serifs on ascenders, either eliminating them entirely or replacing them with a little hook-shaped backstroke to the left of the letter stem. He treats capitals differently, writing them with a narrower flexible pen nib. Although he supplies no rules for forming capital letters, he does give two or three versions for most bastarde capitals, and he demonstrates some freedom in their creation. Flourishes serve their original medieval function of preventing written additions to official documents or correspondence. His flourishes appear above and below the text and at the end of every writing line, and they are made with a pen similar to the one used for capitals. For the most part they appear too heavy for the writing and lack the grace of earlier Dutch and Italian pen decorations.
The works of the late 17th- and early 18th-century English writing masters stand out by their quantity, quality, and influence on modern calligraphy and handwriting. English scribes of the period synthesized the works of 17th-century French and Dutch masters into a style they called round hand. One of the first English copybooks to show this new style is The New A-La-Mode Secretarie (c. 1680) by John Ayres; he identifies “bastard Italians” as “round-hands,” and his alphabets are nearly exact copies of Barbedor’s italienne bastarde. In A Tutor to Penmanship (1697/98), Ayres praises Materot, van den Velde, and Barbedor as great penmen who revived and disseminated the art of writing. Ayres also reminds readers that good handwriting is a source of employment, no matter what the occupation.
English writing masters did not hide their debt to continental masters even as they boasted of their own skills. For example, in The Pen-man’s Paradise (c. 1695) by John Seddon, this couplet appears underneath the author’s portrait: “When you behold this Face you look upon / The Great Materot & Velde all in One.” Seddon also proudly demonstrated flourishes that surround the text, in the manner of Pisani and Ruinetti.
English round hand is often mislabeled as copperplate or Spencerian script; the confusion arises from their similarities. All have a steep letter slope to the right (between 30 and 40 degrees), and they all have capitals with broad downstrokes. However, differences can readily be discerned. Round hand has a relatively wide proportion of width to height in its small letters, and they are joined by steeply angled (40–45 degree) hairlines. The script was written with a quill cut to a narrow point with a small square edge on its tip and a slit long enough to allow a certain amount of flexibility when pressure was applied in making downstrokes. Hairlines were extremely fine. The small o was made in one continuous stroke beginning at the top, moving down the left side in a curved motion and up the right side in a pushed stroke, and the right side of a round hand o, b, or e always shows a slight thickness in the northeast quadrant, reflecting the width of the edge of the nib.
Round hand was not an imitation of the fine lines produced by the engraver’s burin, although some modern writers have made that assertion. With few exceptions, engraving was considered a reproductive (as opposed to a creative) art in the 17th and 18th century. Prominent engravers such as John Sturt and George Bickham pointed out that engraving was no match for the pen in freedom or beauty and that the engraver depended on written copy.
Although English writing books continued to include other scripts such as black letter (which they called “German text”), various secretary hands, a slender, delicate “Italian” hand recommended for women, and a rather idiosyncratic hand used for law court records, round hand occupied most of their pages. By about 1725, it was the principal commercial and decorative hand. By mid-century most books showed only round hand and a few varieties of the German text hand; Roman capitals and minuscules were included mainly as display alphabets in titles and text headings. Command of hand was limited to decorating display alphabets or finishing off short lines of writing, and pen-made calligraphic pictures faded from the scene. By this time, flourishing was considered frivolous and unnecessary in business, for which the chief and singular virtue of penmanship was legibility. By the end of the century, writing books from Europe and the United States shifted their focus away from calligraphic qualities and toward the ideal of a legible and easy-to-learn hand.
By the end of the 18th century, as shown in The Art of Writing (1791) by the American John Jenkins, letters were reduced to a few simple, interchangeable parts. Legible penmanship became the overriding consideration, and methods of handwriting based on arm movement appeared on both sides of the Atlantic. (This approach was a major break from the earlier practice of making letters by using the fingers and wrist.) In the early 19th century straightforward “systematic writing” became the instructional norm.
With the perfection and mass production of the flexible metal pointed pen in the 1820s, calligraphy experienced a slight revival through the efforts of people such as the American Oliver B. Goldsmith, who was an early and strong advocate for the use of metal pens for writing and decoration. His Goldsmith’s Gems of Penmanship (1844) presents only examples written with metal pens, and it includes flourishes that evoke those in late-17th-century English copybooks. Goldsmith’s Gems is significant for two other reasons: it was among the first American books to use lithography for the reproduction of writing, and it was the first American copybook to describe a writing style as “copperplate.” Lithography and electrotyping (a relief process involving photoengraving) would replace engraving as a means of preparing writing books during the last half of the century. Flourishes and calligraphic drawings would continue to grace their title pages, primarily to attract buyers rather than to teach the styles. As Charles P. Zaner wrote in Zaner’s Gems of Flourishing (1888): “If you are a teacher of penmanship, much of your success depends, in many instances, upon your ability to flourish, as there is no one thing so easily and quickly made that will attract as much attention as a skillfully executed flourish.” Decorative alphabets and calligraphic images of plants and animals (especially birds) were produced in abundance in the last quarter of the century, but their quality was uniform and mechanical rather than individual and artistic. By the time the typewriter was introduced, in about 1870, writing professions were declining in visibility and prestige. | <urn:uuid:00a6c97f-04d5-40e2-81ab-7d578ad6646e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.britannica.com/art/calligraphy/Writing-manuals-and-copybooks-16th-to-18th-century | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.964819 | 5,961 | 3.359375 | 3 |
This article describes crime in the U.S. state of Colorado.
In 2011, there were 151,125 crimes reported in Colorado.
In 2008, there were 158,236 crimes reported in Colorado, including 156 murders, 141,107 property crimes, and 2,094 rapes.
Main article: Capital punishment in Colorado
Capital punishment is not applied in this state.
Two of the country's largest mass shootings have occurred in Colorado: the Columbine High School massacre in 1999 and the Aurora movie theater massacre in 2012. Other notable mass shootings in Colorado include the Colorado YWAM and New Life shootings in 2007, the Colorado Springs Planned Parenthood shooting in 2015, the National Western Complex shootout in Denver in 2016, and the most recent 2021 Boulder shooting.
In 2004, Marvin Heemeyer, a business owner, used a modified truck to smash into light poles, trees and buildings in Granby, Colorado. | <urn:uuid:1051c39b-79bb-494b-9001-079d792ecf0b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://db0nus869y26v.cloudfront.net/en/Crime_in_Colorado | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.92374 | 197 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Dec 14, 2021
In the next two episodes, we are focusing on math. We often hear the phrase “I’m just not a math person,” but you never hear that with reading or other subjects. While math may not be a strength of every student, there are some students who have a learning disorder called Dyscalculia.
Today’s guest is Monica Grillo. She has extensive experience in research-based math interventions and instructional practices. She is an educator, researcher, and mother with an extreme bias toward inclusive practices and a need for better teacher preparation in special education and mathematics pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). Her experiences have opened her eyes to inequities and she is eager to share her expertise and insights in order to make this world a better place.
In this episode, Monica explains the science of math and effectively describes the way a child’s brain develops with and without Dyscalculia. She compares Dyscalculia with Dyslexia and gives parents and educators some actionable tips on determining if there could be something more going on than a weakness in math.
[2:08] - Welcome to the show, Monica! Monica shares how she found herself working in the area of math education.
[3:50] - After the birth of her son, Monica became even more interested in Special Education and is pursuing a Phd.
[5:02] - With Math, people tend to say “I’m not a Math person.” We don’t do that with reading. Math is just as important.
[6:00] - Monica defines Dyscalculia and the research of rates in school aged children. It commonly coexists with other issues.
[7:29] - There is no exclusive assessment to detect Dyscalculia.
[9:14] - There is substantial evidence that Dyscalculia is a brain based disorder. Monica describes how this is determined in neuroscience.
[11:23] - Studies have shown that children with Dyscalculia have persistently reduced gray and white brain matter.
[12:06] - Monica explains a study on what the brain looks like and compares those with and without Dyscalculia.
[14:36] - There is some overlap and similarities in the brain between Dyscalculia and Dyslexia. But they manifest differently.
[16:01] - Monica advises having students talk through what they are thinking during a math word problem to help determine where their struggle is.
[18:02] - There are a wide variety of skills that can fall under the umbrella of Dyscalculia.
[20:31] - When early skills are not developed, later math concepts become seemingly impossible and error prone.
[21:49] - Explicit instruction in math is important. This sets the stage with context.
[22:47] - There is modeling, guided practice, and then independent practice.
[24:50] - For those with Dyscalculia, explicit instruction is crucial rather than inquiry based instruction.
[27:03] - This is a highly relevant concept. Math is a significant component of knowledge in our technological age.
[27:56] - Monica is an advocate for improved teacher preparation especially in the field of Special Education.
[30:50] - Don’t wait to support a child who is struggling even as early as preschool.
[31:40] - Advocate for specific research based interventions for Dyscalculia.
[32:30] - Don’t pass on negativity around math skills and math phobia.
Starting her career with the goal of becoming an elementary teacher, Monica Grillo found herself securing a position teaching middle school math and then pursuing a masters degree to become a K-8 Math Specialist. She then became a math interventionist and math coach for 5 years and fell in love with coaching teachers. During her 5th year in this position, she found out that her first child would need special care and she left full time employment to raise him to the best of her abilities. That is when she embarked on a journey into the world of Down Syndrome and special education. Monica is currently working towards a doctorate in Special Education and is a staunch proponent of inclusion and adequate teacher preparation.
Join our email list so that you can receive information about upcoming webinars - ChildNEXUS.com
The Diverse Thinking Different Learning podcast is intended for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical or legal advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Additionally, the views and opinions expressed by the host and guests are not considered treatment and do not necessarily reflect those of ChildNEXUS, Inc or the host, Dr. Karen Wilson. | <urn:uuid:bc8f9acf-7d2d-4e76-82b5-9aabc7808328> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://childnexus.libsyn.com/website/ep-59-what-is-dyscalculia-aka-math-disorder-with-monica-grillo | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.953015 | 987 | 3.078125 | 3 |
As we spend around a third of our life dreaming, it makes sense that we make the most of that time to enter a surreal infinite space where absolutely anything is possible.
Everyone is capable of having lucid dreams.
Lucid dreaming is the art of being aware that we are dreaming while in a dream state. This means we can create our own dreams by tapping into our unconscious mind and imagination.
When we are aware that we are in a dream state, we have control and are able to make decisions. We can also know the meaning of our dream and of the environment in which our dream takes place.
Our awareness can vary from mild to vivid recognition of all that is taking place.
Lucid dreams give us the opportunity to choose what we dream about, though, initially it is more common for people to be able to access and control a small section of their dream. Before long, if we stay focused and practice regularly, we can master our dreams so that we can delve into any knowledge stored within our unconscious mind and fully explore our imagination.
When we are lucid while dreaming we are operating from our subconscious mind, so we can delve into unresolved emotions or fears and explore them further in whatever safe scenario we choose within the dream. We can also revisit past memories and experiences (even ones we thought we had forgotten) and go back to particular events to find out more information than we were able to gain at the time. To achieve this effectively and authentically we also must be sure that our mind is rational and not clouded by illusions due to our judgment or emotions getting in the way.
I have only been exploring lucid dreams for a few years, although my daughter has been naturally lucid in her dreams since she was a child.
Not only do I actively control my dreams, I often remain aware and alert and allow my dream state awareness to enter my unconscious mind and unveil anything there that needs my attention. I also discovered that I was holding a huge amount of limiting beliefs and that many of the things I was telling myself I couldn’t do, were a feasible option when my critical left side of the brain wasn’t in gear.
I also regularly use lucid dreams to hold long conversations with myself. I may comfort and soothe troubles and fears or talk in detail about intense but essential subjects that are vital for self-growth or working towards my full potential. Often my dream-self has far more vital and logical information to tell me than I have to talk through with her.
Lucid dreaming gives us the chance to live out our wildest desires. We can literally go anywhere, do anything, see anyone and achieve anything just by setting the intention, monitoring it and being fully in control of whatever we see, do or feel within that dream. Anything we may wish to do is possible within a lucid dream, including all our unfulfilled or desires and extraordinary hopes that we may not yet (or ever) have the opportunity to achieve or experience in our current lives. We can feel what it would be like to fly, to roam unaccompanied across untrodden lands, to converse with people we never met (past or present) and to exist alongside other species that we wouldn’t normally be able to get close to.
We can use our dreams as an opportunity to unleash our creativity and many artists and deep thinkers use lucid dreams for inspiration, guidance, problem solving and motivation.
Our awareness can occur when we are already in the middle of a dream (a Dream Initiated Lucid Dream D.I.L.D,) or we can go into a lucid dream straight from our normal waking state (a Wake Initiated Lucid Dream W.I.L.D.).
Lucid dreams offer heightened sensations as our touch, hearing, sight, taste and smell senses are alerted and they are often more emotionally charged than our usual dreams.
Many lucid dreams begin when the person dreaming is alerted by an unusual encounter within their dream, that triggers their awareness.
Before we try to have a lucid dream we should first of all be sure that we have faith that it is possible. Our limiting beliefs can prevent us from achieving so many things we set our minds to and if we are already doubting the process before we begin, it will be far more difficult to enter the relaxed state required.
To venture into a lucid dream is very simple and totally natural. We can begin by visualizing what it is we would like to dream about and, if preferred, we can also add a simple mantra such as, “I am aware that I am dreaming,” and repeat this until we enter into the lucid dream state.
Meditating right before sleep encourages a profound state of relaxation to set the stage for dreaming. We can slow the mind of any persisting or irrational thoughts and focus fully on our breathing. The muscles in our body should be relaxed so we can scan from head to toe and release any specific areas of tension by gently squeezing the muscle and then letting go. With our eyes closed we can begin to evoke our imagination.
Then we can try to recall a past vivid dream or we can envisage a particular scenario that we feel comfortable with, quite in detail. When we start to focus in on the detail of what we are visualizing, our awareness will naturally heighten. We can imagine ourselves walking around and exploring our environment and paying close attention to anything that we may not normally notice.
Our physical body may feel tempted to move as the imagined body in our mind walks around and encounters things, though, it is essential that we remain as still and calm as possible to prevent disturbing the dream. We will eventually enter a state known as sleep paralysis which is when our physical body is fully relaxed and mostly unresponsive to what is happening within our dreams.
Sensations will then begin to infiltrate into our dream and we may experience these as though they are real. It is possible that all of our senses will relay things very differently and at a far more heightened level to how they usually are in our waking state. For example, a strawberry could taste like a banana although the texture may be totally unrelated to a banana.
The first REM (Rapid Eye Movement) phase usually happens around 90 minutes after we have fallen to sleep and they usually reoccur every 90 minutes thereafter. The phases later in our sleep cycle are usually the most effective as this is when the REM state lasts longer and our dreams are more vivid. If we lightly wake during one of these sleep phases we can re-enter the dream we were in, but with our awareness heightened.
Sometimes we can become too alert when we first start lucid dreaming and our over-excitement or inquisitiveness can actually cause us to become restless. These overwhelming feelings may cause us to wake up. We can try relaxing once more so we return to our dream while we are slightly sleepy though still in a gentle state of awareness. It may be that gaining access to lucid dreaming is the easy part, while maintaining that state is more complex. Like with most things, regular practice leads to progression, but it usually doesn’t take long to enhance and prolong the experience.
We should try not to force lucid dreaming as our efforts are likely to cause resistance as we are in a relaxed enough state to enter the deep phase of sleep required for dreams to occur.
When we are consciously aware of our thoughts, emotions, feelings, intentions and actions throughout the day, it becomes far easier to maintain the awareness and continue it through the night.
Nightmares are far less likely to occur as we are the ones in control and we can alter our dream at any time and also use our dreams to put into context and resolve any inner or external conflicts.
Although lucid dreaming is a skill that can be learned and developed it is also a natural ability that some people possess and experience since early childhood.
Some people enter into lucid dreams regularly, whereas, others may need a little more patience and practice before the frequency increases.
Try not to drink anything directly before going to sleep so you are not disturbed during sleep by needing to go to the bathroom.
Try to intentionally, gently wake from the dream every few minutes to increase alertness and remember the dream by pressing the middle fingers softly into the palm of the hand or by rubbing both hands together. To wake fully just press the fingers more firmly into the palm.
When we are in a lucid dream we should try to wake ourselves intentionally, rather than naturally waking up, as this will keep us alert and allow us to retain the information within the dream so we can reflect back on it easier.
If you wake and can’t move your body immediately, don’t worry, this is normal. Sleep paralysis occurs to stop us physically living out our dreams, so when we awake from a lucid dream it can take a few moments for the body to move freely again. It may be possible that we become alert of our body being in sleep paralysis mode while we are in a lucid dream, so as long as we are aware that our bodies are just in a relaxed state it will prevent any panic from occurring.
We can keep a dream journal and write about our dreams as soon as we have woken to help us remember them in more detail and it will also make it far easier to recall one of them when we want to quickly and easily enter into a lucid dream.
Dream journals also allow us to detect dream signs so we can see patterns and cycles that may be trying to advise or alert us to what is happening in our waking life. These signs are also ways of letting us know that we are lucid dreaming as we may recognize them regularly when we are in the midst of a dream.
Don’t be discouraged if it takes a little while to lucid dream. It can take beginners a few weeks, but the practice will always teach us something, even if it is only that persistence and determination pays off.
I highly recommend lucid dreaming as it is a chance to experience absolute freedom, wisdom and adventure all wrapped up in one. Sleep will never be the same again.
Author: Alex Myles
Editor: Travis May
Image: Flickr/Gisela Giardino | <urn:uuid:5f669b87-528b-494f-9d01-e3e8729fd858> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.elephantjournal.com/2016/01/revolutionize-sleep-with-the-art-of-lucid-dreaming/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.957105 | 2,080 | 2.0625 | 2 |
This chapter shows you how to install the MyQ print management system. Prior to the installation, make sure that Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2 (Full version) is already installed on your computer. If not, install it using the steps in the following section.
Installing Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2 (Full version)
Download the Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2 (Full version) installation file:
Open the downloaded executable file.
Follow the directions of the installation wizard.
Download the latest available version of MyQ from the MyQ Community portal.
Run the executable file. The Select Setup Language dialog box appears.
Select your language and click OK. The License Agreement dialog box appears.
Select I accept the agreement, and click Next. The Select Destination Location dialog box appears.
Select the folder where you wish to install MyQ. The default path is:
Click Install. MyQ is installed on the server.
Click Finish. Depending on the OS settings on the server, you might be asked to restart the computer. If you are asked to restart the computer, you need to do so in order to finish the installation. After the restart, the MyQ Easy Config application opens and the MyQ database is upgraded. If not, you can select to directly run the MyQ Easy Config application by keeping the Run MyQ Easy Config option selected. If not, you can select to directly run the MyQ Easy Config application by keeping the Finish installation in MyQ Easy Config option selected. | <urn:uuid:7a78f049-17cb-46a0-91a4-acca7e482987> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://docs.myq-solution.com/quick-guide/8.2/installation | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.828578 | 371 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Writing is about so much more than merely laying words down on a page. Most people can do that, and can even whack out a creditable paragraph or two. But sustaining the momentum and carrying that vision through an entire novel is quite another thing.
I’ve read several disparaging blogposts where the authors have expressed their scorn and disdain of Nation Novel Writing Month, and that is fine, if it makes them feel noble and slightly more pure than the rest of us mundane hacks. But they are overlooking one important notion, and that is that to write a novel one must start a novel. If it takes a special month of writing and a group frenzy to get some people fired up about an idea they’ve had rolling around in their heads, who am I to complain? I am a reader as much as I am an author, and I say the more the merrier!
Take a look at some of the most well-known NaNo Novels of all time:
Water for Elephants, by Sara Gruen. On the best-seller lists for over a year, turned into a movie starring Reese Witherspoon and Robert Pattinson, started as a NaNo novel.
The Night Circus, by Erin Morgenstern. What eventually became The Night Circus began life in 2004, seven years before it was finally published, started as a NaNo novel.
Wool, by Hugh Howey. Howey’s dystopian sci-fi novel is one of those credited with putting self-publishing on the map, started as a NaNo novel.
So don’t give me any of your “poo-poo on the contest” crap. Whatever gets a writer fired up and writing is fine by me!
I think the notion that anyone with an idea can sit down and write a book in 30 days bothers some authors, as they feel rather threatened by the number of books being published post NaNoWriMo. Fear and Loathing, we call that in the industry. It’s irrational, but then no one ever accused authors of being rational!
Most people who begin a novel in November do not reach their goal of 50,000 words. They do not have the discipline to sit down every day and dedicate a portion of their time to this project. And some people just are not good writers. But so what? The cream always rises to the top, my grandma used to say.
Because of NaNoWriMo, thousands of people are now embarking on learning a craft, committing their time and resources to educating themselves about how to write a novel that others will want to read. Several years down the road, who knows what wonderful works of fiction will have emerged from this year’s madness?
I only know that I am always looking for a good book, and so I will be first in line, hoping to be blown away by a fresh, new work of art. | <urn:uuid:e4cfe6ea-afd5-4e2c-9d06-26bf6a94565d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://conniejjasperson.com/2014/12/01/the-other-side-of-the-coin/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.974712 | 607 | 1.6875 | 2 |
The success of the achievement of Lake Burley Griffin ("From ugly swampling to our swan lake", June 16, p1) is a great Canberra heritage story.
The lake as the city centrepiece was a key element of the Griffin's brilliant plan for a central city lake with a perimeter parklands. But it was the skilled research of the hydrologists, engineers and landscape architects under the direction and persistence of Prime Minister Menzies that transformed Griffin's concept drawings to a beautiful, refreshing reality.
Menzies paid tribute to Griffin's visionary work by naming the lake in his honour and also spoke of other aspects that resonate today: "I see this lake ultimately not as something purely artificial in its surrounding but as a haunt of birds, as a haunt of wildlife. Indeed, I am optimistic enough to think the day will come when tourists coming through will be able to feed the swans and this will be quite a feature of the city."
Today the masterwork of the lake's achievement is not protected in a heritage listing. Instead both the federal and ACT governments are in filling the lake waters to sell off the West Basin parklands for private apartments. This is not an act of Griffin legacy, as the governments claim, but a travesty of our lake's visionary planning and a brutal kick in the head to our nation's heritage.
Juliet Ramsay, Burra
In regards to the article "ACT first jurisdiction to pass laws restricting Adler lever-action shotguns" (canberratimes.com.au, June 6), I am curious as to why there was no mention of the fact that this legislation was pushed through despite concerns from the ACT Firearms Registry, or a distinct lack of consultation with lawful firearm owners.
There is also no mention of what the concerns raised were.
After reading Minister Gentleman's speech from the March Hansard, it is clear that he should have sought much more advice than he has, given the justification of this legislation rides almost entirely on emotion and misinformation.
The minister clings tenaciously to the inaccurate claims of lever-action firearms evolving into "rapid fire" technology and the NFA "keeping up with technology".
I also draw attention to the lack of another question which is equally pertinent: with all of the focus on imposing further restrictions on lawful firearm ownership in the name of public safety, how then did a criminal obtain a fully automatic firearm, then go onto shoot a police officer?
Full-auto firearms are illegal for private ownership to the vast majority of citizens, yet a person with a significant criminal background still managed to obtain one.
Surely this is where the attention of our legislators should lie.
Shane Bennett, Firearm Owners United Leadership Team, Canberra
To all those Canberra philistines who rail against public art, get over it.
Artists in Canberra are generally undervalued, underpaid and unfortunately far too little recognised.
Their work makes us think on a higher level and escape the daily drudgery. It should be everywhere in a civilised city, not just in the Arboretum. Though I have long thought the Arboretum would be a fantastic place to showcase, not dump, our art in a natural setting.
Art is meant to make us think and discuss its virtues. The very fact the Louis Pratt's Backwards Attitude has prompted discussion means it is a success.
I hope we see more art in the forest.
Bryan Cossart, Stirling
Full TV news coverage for a Syrian man trying to get to from Sydney to Syria to fight.
The crime "a hostile act in a foreign territory".
Yet we tolerate Australian mercenaries fighting for the UAE under the control of an ex-Australian Army general, Michael Hindmarsh, controlled by Saudi Arabia and the US.
We have allowed Israeli dual-passported so-called "Australians" to come and go as they please and kill Palestinians for decades and made no effort to stop those actions.
Obviously it depends on who you are and your political connections.
Rex Williams, Ainslie
So, three of the ideological "stooges" of the Turnbull government, ministers Hunt, Sukkar and Tudge, could face hard time in the slammer for contempt of court ("Ministers to be hauled before Supreme Court after criticising terror sentencing", canberratimes.com.au, June 15).
We can only hope that they won't find themselves facing sentencing before Victoria has a chance to review and strengthen its probation laws and that, if sent away, they will serve their time in solitary confinement, so as to avoid their fellow inmates becoming "radicalised".
John Richardson, Wallagoot, NSW
Observations by the CPSU on gender pay reported in Friday's Canberra Times are inaccurate.
In the APS there is no significant difference in pay between genders at individual classifications.
It is a strength of the APS that employees are paid the same for work of the same value.
The statement by the CPSU that "there's no excuse why women and men shouldn't be getting paid the same for work of the same level, whether they're working in a Commonwealth department or the private sector" erroneously suggests that such differences occur in the Australian Public Service.
The 2016 Remuneration Report shows there is no gender pay gap on a classification basis.
The government's bargaining policy is not gender biased. It provides up to 2 per cent per annum in wage increases with no gender segmentation.
The reason for a low annual remuneration increase for some staff is that the CPSU has opposed pay offers. The CPSU's own action has denied its members and others a pay increase for up to 3 years. This is the simple result of the CPSU policy.
John Lloyd, Australian Public Service Commissioner
The Prime Minister and his cabinet colleagues ought to take care when criticising the judiciary. When they claim that the judiciary is independent it has to be taken with some degree of care.
The judiciary is independent when it comes to what should happen in the court, when the verdict has been handed down. But that, in my opinion, is where the independence ends. The courts apply the laws that have been handed down from the governments.
We need the governments to review their stance on parole. So when there is criticism that a violent offender or a convicted terrorist is paroled, it's because the government allowed that to happen not the judge.
Governments in Australia don't want the cost of running jails to increase, that is why they are so liberal with parole.
I'm sure I'm not the lone ranger when I suggest we would not complain if our taxes were marginally increased to ensure violent offenders and convicted terrorists are imprisoned for their full sentence.
Hugh McGowan, Holt
Brave of Steve Biddulph ("The role of shame in incidents like the Lindt Cafe siege", canberratimes.com.au, June 14) to maintain that Man Haron Monis really wasn't a terrorist, despite that being the discredited opinion of the operational police commanders and their consulting psychiatrist, whose names are now mud. But surely the salient point is not their allegiance or lack of it but whether or not they expect to survive.
Steve alludes to a truth about patriarchal monogamy which rarely dares speak its name. The main danger to social harmony is humiliated, powerless men.
While they may be on the lowest rung of the male hierarchy they have always, until recently, been able to control their wife and children; any restriction of their freedom by society implies diminution of that control.
I think the case of Monis speaks eloquently to this truth.
S. W. Davey, Torrens
Do the Nationals have no shame? Not content with decimating a functioning government agency, the APVMA, in the name of their ill-conceived "decentralisation" policy, they now insult the remaining overworked staff by stating that the purpose of the move to Armidale is the only way to repair an "inefficient" organisation ("Coalition senators cry relocation witch-hunt", June 14, p6).
Where are Malcolm Turnbull and Martin Parkinson when you need them, particularly now a "proper, balanced and focused decentralised inquiry" seems to be on the cards?
Malcolm Robertson, Chapman
The federal government is actively considering a written test for those who want to become Australian citizens.
To make sure that terrorists are kept out, the test will be of the same standard as a university exam.
This isn't a bad idea but, as usual, it's not applied to our most important citizens – those who sit in Federal Parliament and make our laws. This time they want us to think that obeying those laws is apparently so difficult that newcomers to Australia must sit an exam, but making them, of course, is just easy-peasy.
It's time for all those who are already Australian to stand up and tell our MPs and senators what's what here.
It is they, not wannabe citizens, who should sit this test, and then be thrown out of Parliament if they fail it.
G. T. W. Agnew, Coopers Plains, Qld
The Australian government's decision to settle the 1905 Manus Island detainees' class action for wrongful imprisonment with hefty ($70 million) compensation payouts should serve as a stark reminder to state officials (ministers and senior bureaucrats) that we are a nation of laws, not of men.
Many human rights defenders and refugee advocates had repeatedly pointed out that the incarceration of the refugees in the detention centre on Manus Island was unlawful, inhumane and cruel, but they were castigated by state officials who had a false sense of power to make arbitrary decisions regarding the detention of refugees.
Hope appropriate lessons have been learned by state authorities for future reference.
Rajend Naidu, Glenfield, NSW
Usman Mahmood (Letters, June 15) conflates the small percentage of sociopaths and psychopaths that exist at the fringe of every society with the seemingly bottomless talent pool of militant Islamic extremists, whose behaviour is clearly sanctioned in Islam's seminal texts.
Yes, Usman, terrorists exist in every race, colour and religion, but the absence of any Buddhist suicide bombers railing against Chinese tyranny in Tibet and thesheer number of deluded miscreants who honestly think that killing Westerners grants them a ticket to paradise highlights a particular problem with the teachings of Islam.
James Allan, Narrabundah
Jevon Kinder (Letters, June 6) has correctly identified that Andrew Barr's ban on plastic bags in the ACT has been only partially successful.
When I arrived in Canberra in the late '60s the Manuka supermarket only provided brown paper bags. As one option, these could be reintroduced.
Brian Brocklebank, Bruce
And who pays the mooted $70million plus for settlement of the Manus Island class action? The bureaucrats? The pollies? Nope, as usual it's the taxpayers.
Thos Puckett, Ashgrove, Qld
So Malcolm Turnbull has been caught out taking the mickey out of Donald Trump? Perhaps this a cunning ploy to turn his popularity figures around.
M. Moore, Bonython
COMEDY TO BURN
Neither the content nor delivery of Turnbull's speech at the Midwinter Ball can have been as funny as his comments on how he would need to tone it down "next year".
H. Simon, Watson
REGISTER TO VOTE
As Tony Abbott in his disloyalty and self-interest single-handedly loses the next election for his own party, may the electors of Warringah reward him in kind and cast their vote in the most commonsense way. This would result in Tony finding himself the first to lose his comfortable seat.
Sylvia Miners, Isabella Plains
DECLINE AND FALL
P.A. Upward is not alone in lamenting the destruction of our beautiful city (Letters, June 12). I try to avoid Northbourne Avenue now that it has been denuded but when I do have to cross it I deplore "Andrew the Barrbarian" and his cohort of Vandals.
R. I. Boxall, Hawker
I just discovered women generally pay less in car insurance premiums than men. Seeing you can change your gender on so many official documents, and there's moves to even allow it on your birth certificate, I'm wondering if biological males could write themselves down as females on their insurance policy, and save?
J. Coleman, Chisholm
SMOKE WITHOUT FIRE
Is Collis Parrett of the Drug Advisory Council (Letters, June 13) seriously laying the blame on cannabis for an inordinate number of people developing alcohol and tobacco addictions? Maybe there's something in the air at the council chambers and some testing is required.
Matt Ford, Crookwell
I find it strange that the incoming Brumbies coach wants to talk up the fact that he wants local players in his squad within a few days of culling the excellent young local Tom Staniforth, who the Waratahs have snapped up.
Dave Eriksson, Jindabyne
Does anyone else believe, as implied by D. N. Callaghan (Letters, June 15), that sight can be restored for as little as $25 when the actual cost is a few times greater than $25?
I have seen figures that suggest the cost of a cataract operation for a child is about $300; the difference is made up by the Commonwealth.
Ken McPhan, Spence
Email: firstname.lastname@example.org. Send from the message field, not as an attached file. Fax: 6280 2282. Mail: Letters to the Editor, The Canberra Times, PO Box 7155, Canberra Mail Centre, ACT 2610.
Keep your letter to 250 words or less. References to Canberra Times reports should include date and page number. Letters may be edited. Provide phone number and full home address (suburb only published).
Sign up for our newsletter to stay up to date. | <urn:uuid:6a90566d-77bc-4194-8b83-50f3f16fc23b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6031809/canberra-times-letters-to-the-editor-great-architects-dream-of-capital-squandered-for-a-mess-of-pottage/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.955348 | 3,008 | 1.59375 | 2 |
|Advertisement announcing reward for runaway slave, Wilmington Advertiser, May 24, 1839. Courtesy of the North Carolina Runaway Slave Advertisements database.|
The University of North Carolina at Greensboro (UNCG) and North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University (NC A&T) have launched the North Carolina Runaway Slave Advertisements project, a database of all known runaway slave ads in North Carolina newspapers between 1751 and 1840. With its comprehensive focus, the project is a useful resource for scholars and students interested in the history of slavery and resistance. In addition to scanned advertisements, the database includes transcripts and rich metadata for easy querying of the approximately 2400 ads. Additonally, project staff have provided some brief historical context for researchers. Samantha Winer, a digitization and transcription assistant, writes that this project offers, "insight not only into conditions and lifestyles experienced by the slaves but also into the plantation economy."1Samantha Winer, "A brief history of slavery in North Carolina," North Carolina Runaway Slave Advertisements, 1751–1840, http://libcdm1.uncg.edu/cdm/history/collection/RAS.
|Advertisement for a runaway slave, North Carolina Gazette, May 5, 1775. Courtesy of the North Carolina Runaway Slave Advertisements database.|
While the structure of most ads is uniform, some offer deeper insight into the global system of slavery. This 1775 ad from Wilmington, for example, details the escape of a slave named Quamino with two indentured servants. In addition to the typical physical description ("about 30 Years of Age, has a Scar above his right Eye . . ."), the slaveholder has noted that Quamino is "marked with his Country Marks," or patterns of facial scarification that served as markers of ethnicity and identification.2Of course, physical markings cannot necessarily be correlated with ethnicity or geographic origin. As Michael Gomez notes in Exhanging Our Country Marks (Chapel Hill: UNC Press, 1998), it is notoriously difficult to track the geographical origins of enslaved peoples, as owners would often ascribe places of birth that are difficult to verify. Clicking through the hyperlinked term "country marks" reveals that the phrase is in circulation in the eighteenth century, but its last appearance is in 1807—a year before the United States prohibited the importation of slaves. This shift in the visuality of slavery might be of interest to scholars who want to study the changing nature of the US slave economy.
|Screenshot from North Carolina Runaway Slave database.|
This database is one of the latest additions to digital resources about runaway slaves. While most databases do not yet provide features like transcripts, there are a number of useful tools available for researchers and students. UNCG has created the Digital Library on American Slavery, a database of nearly 3,000 legislative petitions, 14,500 county court petitions, as well as personal documents like wills and bills of sale. Professor Thomas Costa at the University of Virgina has compiled runaway slave advertisements from 18th-century Virginia newspapers. One of the most comprehensive sources of information about runaway slaves and their journeys comes from the Schomberg Center for Research in Black Culture. Their Runaway Journeys project contains maps, images, documents, and lesson plans. This comprehensive resource covers the history of slavery, routes of runaway slaves, the Civil War, and its aftermath. The North Carolina Runaway Slave Advertisements project's comprehensive coverage, rich metadata, and searchable transcripts make the database a highly useful contribution to these existing tools.
|1.||Samantha Winer, "A brief history of slavery in North Carolina," North Carolina Runaway Slave Advertisements, 1751–1840, http://libcdm1.uncg.edu/cdm/history/collection/RAS.|
|2.||Of course, physical markings cannot necessarily be correlated with ethnicity or geographic origin. As Michael Gomez notes in Exhanging Our Country Marks (Chapel Hill: UNC Press, 1998), it is notoriously difficult to track the geographical origins of enslaved peoples, as owners would often ascribe places of birth that are difficult to verify.| | <urn:uuid:34340ce8-02c2-4b8f-b17b-16005ea6c0ec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://southernspaces.org/2013/north-carolina-runaway-slave-advertisements-project/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.916404 | 858 | 3.390625 | 3 |
There are two types of work:
- Work that you do for fun
- Work that pays the bills
The first is sexy and fuels your creativity. These are typically side projects that you wish would one day turn into a long-term job that pays the bills.
The second type of work is the one you do to live. These are your standard projects and office jobs that support a commercial company. They’re not sexy but they’re reassuring and provide enough cash flow to do more creative work.
The difference between the sexy and the dependable types of work is what Hugh MacLeod calls the Sex and Cash Theory.
There’s always friction to create stuff that matters, at least to you, versus creating stuff that maintains someone else’s bottom line. Both nonetheless complement each other as an influence of skills. It’s all practice, anyway.
The end-goal for all creators is the fusion of sex and cash, to get paid for doing what you love. But even that sometimes runs its course. Whatever you end up doing, at work or on the side, make it a good one! | <urn:uuid:a29a042a-b203-468c-be06-84ea2f66760c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wellsbaum.blog/work-x-work/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.946768 | 234 | 1.695313 | 2 |
The Museum of Fine Arts on Huntington Street in Boston, around 1910-1920. Image courtesy of the Library of Congress, Detroit Publishing Company Collection.
The museum in 2015:
This view of the Museum of Fine Arts really hasn’t changed much in the past century, although it is hard to tell with all of the trees blocking the view in the second photo. The Museum of Fine Arts had been established in 1870, and its first permanent home was opened at Copley Square in 1876. The original building soon became too small for the museum’s growing collections, though, and in 1899 they purchased this plot of land on Huntington Avenue, a little over a mile west of Copley Square.
The new museum was designed by architect Guy Lowell, who deliberately designed it so that it could easily be expanded as the museum grew and as money became available. Since then, it has grown substantially beyond its original 1909 footprint, and is now over 600,000 square feet in area. One major addition was the West Wing, now the Linde Family Wing for Contemporary Art, which was designed by noted architect I.M. Pei in 1981, and the most recent was in 2010, when the new Art of the Americas wing was completed. It is now one of the largest art museums in the United States, with an internationally-significant collection of nearly half a million works from around the world. Much of their collection has also been digitized, and it can be viewed online through their website. At least one of their works, an early photograph by J.J. Hawes, is featured in this blog post about Arlington Street Church. | <urn:uuid:71fa8a85-4691-42ff-919a-b0b524186356> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lostnewengland.com/2016/01/museum-of-fine-arts-boston-1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.983546 | 334 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Alternatives to the involvement of state owned enterprises in energy transition inadequately studied
The Minister of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy has not adequately explained why he is charging the state owned enterprises Gasunie, EBN and TenneT with new statutory tasks for the further development of the energy transition. The minister has also provided parliament with little insight into how much public money the new tasks will cost. However, he has protected the public interest regarding the financing and management of the new tasks.
The Netherlands Court of Audit comes to these conclusions in its audit report, In Public Hands – New energy transition tasks for state owned enterprises, which it published on 24 June 2021. The government announced in 2020 that it would play a more decisive role in the development of the new infrastructure for renewable energy by involving state owned enterprises. The government wants the new infrastructure to achieve the agreed climate goals. The new renewable energy infrastructure will comprise a heat transmission network, the production of geothermal energy and offshore wind farm connections to the existing onshore electricity grid. The involvement of Gasunie, EBN and TenneT will require billions of public euros.
Limited study of alternatives
The minister has carried out only limited studies of alternatives to develop a new infrastructure for the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy that do not involve these three companies, which are all 100% state owned. The minister has also inadequately shown how the involvement of these companies will contribute to the public interest in terms of, for instance, supply security and affordability.
Cost to citizens and businesses largely unknown
The Minister of EZK along with the Minister of Finance as the shareholder of Gasunie and TenneT and others have gone to substantial lengths to arrange efficient financing structures and can intervene in the construction of the network through legislation and regulation. How much the involvement of these state owned enterprises will cost citizens and businesses, however, is still largely unknown. Parliament has to date not received appropriate information from the minister.
Gasunie can connect heat providers and customers through WarmtelinQ
An example of the involvement of state owned enterprises is Gasunie’s participation in the development of WarmtelinQ to transmit excess heat from the Port of Rotterdam to Delft, The Hague, other towns and greenhouses in Westland. When this project was in danger of stalling under the management of the commercial energy company Eneco, the minister asked Gasunie to step in and manage WarmtelinQ so that the task would be in public hands. WarmtelinQ must contribute to the national climate goals but it is not clear how much CO2 it will save. The project should be a cost efficient solution but a cost estimate had not been made at the time of our audit.
EBN, which has traditionally borne the risk in oil and gas concessions, also bears the risk in geothermal energy projects. It can invest up to €161 million in such projects over five years. TenneT has been tasked with connecting offshore wind farms to the onshore electricity grid, at a cost of more than €4 billion in public money. In all 3 examples, members of parliament cannot properly assess whether the total costs are proportionate to the contributions from the treasury because the minister has provided them with only limited information.
Ministers accept recommendations
In response to our audit, the Minister of EZK and the Minister of Finance wrote that they would explain the reasons for the involvement of state owned enterprises more explicitly so that the House of Representatives would be better informed about how the public interest was being protected and what financial consequences the new statutory tasks would have. In its afterword, the Court of Audit stressed the importance of this because further decisions are still expected about the new energy transition infrastructure. | <urn:uuid:84a252cf-30d2-4f16-8ba7-e160cdc9cbf2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://english.rekenkamer.nl/topics/operational-management-in-central-government/news/2021/06/24/alternatives-to-the-involvement-of-state-owned-enterprises-in-energy-transition-inadequately-studied | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.95865 | 758 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Father Alek Schrenk of Pittsburgh graciously joins us to discuss the theology and liturgy of the traditional "Emberdays" (also called the Embertide). We discuss why these seasonal devotions are important to recovering a spirit of penance, vocation, sacramentality, and integral ecology in the modern world. Father offers some recommendations for priests who want to restore the practice of the embertides in their parish.
Spiritual Practices for the Embertides:
Winter (Advent) Embertide | Tradistae
Spring (Lent) Embertide | Tradistae
Summer (White) Embertide | Tradistae
Announcement for Ecological Embertide Livestream by Fr. Alek
Traditions around Ember Days | Fish Eaters | <urn:uuid:659a1df2-f3b8-4932-be58-2269b64579cf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tradistae.podbean.com/e/13-fr-alek-schrenk-on-the-embertides/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.902008 | 164 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Most people think of yarn as the raw material for a knitting, crochet, weaving or needlework project, but it’s really a finished product!
We invite you to consider our 2022 Ewe to Yarn series of classes that starts at the beginning. Well, actually, the VERY beginning is at lambing time, but we’re going to skip over the critical animal husbandry part of the equation and start with the shorn fleece.
Four experienced instructors will take you through the entire process, starting with skirting and washing a fleece and dyeing the wool, through fiber preparation options to learning to use a spinning wheel and honing your skills with some different spinning techniques. These sessions will give even total beginners the experience and confidence to continue on their own, with a solid grounding in the basics plus some extra knowledge and hands-on experience!
Attend all classes in the series, or pick and choose whichever ones interest you. Materials and equipment are provided in most sessions, but check the details on each page for items you might need to bring. No special preparation is necessary, and you may even be able to borrow a spinning wheel if you don’t have one of your own!
Pre-registration is required; see each page for specific information.
- Skirting & Scouring Fleece – Sharon Barnes, Saturday, May 21 (morning)
- Fleece Dyeing – Paula Smith & Ernie Kind, Saturday, May 21 (afternoon)
- First Steps in Fiber Prep – Sharon Barnes, Saturday, June 11 (morning)
- Fiber Prep: Playing With Color – Sharon Barnes, Saturday, June 11 (afternoon)
- Beginning Wheel Spinning – Pat Doherty, Saturdays, July 9, 16 & 23 (11 am – 4 pm)
What better way to expand your experience than by learning a fulfilling and creative new (and ancient) skill? | <urn:uuid:4bf7498a-939d-410e-b9fa-b31c41928476> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wichitaweavers.prairiefibers.org/ewe-to-yarn-2022/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.933492 | 393 | 1.632813 | 2 |
This new masters programme draws upon the IOE’s expertise in English language teaching to provide students with little or no teaching experience with a comprehensive introduction to the field.
- Gain a critical awareness of language and discourse systems required for teaching
- Learn current theories of language acquisition
- Learn practical methods and approaches currently used in English language teaching
- Encounter a truly international perspective to their studies
Graduates from the MA TESOL (pre-service) can pursue careers in English language teaching, ELT publishing, materials writing or progress to PhD courses. | <urn:uuid:7d7150ed-17e6-41d9-afc7-2a0ccaba3353> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://coursefindr.co.uk/masters/institutions/university-college-london/courses/29821 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.899483 | 117 | 1.75 | 2 |
Cochrane Information Center
Linking the North to the South
Your journey begin at the Cochrane Information Centre. Home to the local Board of Trade and Tourism Cochrane, this is a great spot to find information about local businesses and things to do in the community.
It is also a popular selfie stop for tourists who like to take pictures of themselves in front of the Cochrane sign. The sign. which illuminates at night, was inspired by the TORONTO sign released when Toronto hosted the Pan-Am Games in 2015.
The longest street in Canada
The earliest established section of Highway 11 is Yonge Street, in Toronto.
In 1919, a continuous route was created between Toronto and North Bay. From 1925 to 1927, it was further expanded from the city of North Bay to the town of Cochrane connecting the growing agricultural and mining communities of Northern Ontario with the southern part of the province.
The construction of Yonge Street is designated as an Event of National Historic Significance in Canada.
Chimo the Bear
Cochrane’s mascot is a large polar bear statue known as Chimo, erected in the early 1970s at the town’s entrance, welcoming travellers, and visitors alike to the region.
A town symbol
Cochrane contains many references to polar bears and has adopted them as their town symbol, even though the closest true polar bear habitat is more than 300 kilometres away. T
he community’s brand and logo which can be seen on all municipal communications also incorporates the bear.
World's #1 Snowmobile Trails
Cochrane is a place where snowmobilers go to put on serious miles.
Cochrane is the start of the broader Northern Corridor system. Accommodations, restaurants, snowmobile and powersports dealers and suppliers, gas and food are all laid out to ensure easy access for snowmobiles, as the deep cold gets here early and stays late.
Cochrane is always a safe bet. The work of the volunteers, the friendliness of the local accommodations, and the naturally cold and snowy locale make it easy to recommend as a top snowmobile destination.
Little skidoo, it's up to you!
Cochrane is on the cutting edge of the sport of snowmobiling, and it’s all thanks to Guy Belisle, one of the forefathers of the business community. He started Ontario’s first snowmobile dealership. They actually had and sold the fifth Bombadier snowmobile ever produced right here in Cochrane.
In its first year, the dealership sold 16 sleds; the next year—when the Ski-Doo was released—it sold over 90. The introduction of Bombardier’s nimble Ski-Doo in 1960 would change the town’s economy—and how the whole region travelled.
A novel invention
It is said that Carl Eliason of Sayner developed the prototype of the modern snowmobile in the 1920s dubbed the Eliason Motor Toboggan. The vehicle consisted of a two-cylinder motorcycle engine on a long sled, steered with skis under the front, and propelled with a single, endless track.
The first skidoo
In 1958, Bombardier built a prototype for a small snowmobile with a lighter engine. Production of this recreational model began the next year under the Ski-Doo trademark. This type of snowmobile, about the size of a motorcycle, became very popular in snowy climates. Following this success, we saw many manufacturers make their way and their name in snowmobiling as some stayed, and some disappeared.
The older generation will remember names such as Sno-Jet (1965-1980), Mercury (1968-1976), and Allouette (1967-1977) to name a few. As for the names, we still know today we have Polaris Industries who made their first models in 1960, followed by Arctic Cat, and Yamaha in 1968.
Launching a sport
Eliason made 40 snowmobiles, patented in 1927. Even though they developed the first prototype, Joseph-Armand Bombardier is the inventor of the Ski-Doo, which launched snowmobiling worldwide.
Eventually the first snowmobile dealership in the province,was launched. Belisle Track Sale opened in Cochrane in 1959, and it didn’t take long for the Ski-Doo to make waves in northern communities.
Skidoos of today
Today, there are more than 600,000 registered snowmobiles in Canada. They are used for transportation, recreation, hunting and trapping, especially in rural areas and the North.
First invented to provide reliable winter transportation in rural areas, snowmobiles today are sleek, light and designed for performance and sport. People come from all over the country and abroad to experience our little piece of heaven.
For more information
The Northern Corridor Du Nord is a volunteer run organization comprising District 15 of the OFSC Trail Network.
For more information:
Toll Free: 1-877-287-2457
Or see more (external link) :OFSC District 15 (AKA - the Northern Corridor | <urn:uuid:2d5c732e-dad3-4575-9efc-751dde8da124> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://baladodiscovery.com/circuits/1117/poi/12536/cochrane-information-center | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.943599 | 1,061 | 1.875 | 2 |
A 26-tonne loaded CF Electric from DAF has become the first battery powered truck to traverse an Austrian mountain pass.
The DAF navigated the 48km-long Grossglockner High Alpine Road, which features 36 hairpin bends and 12% inclines.
Thankfully, the loaded CF Electric made it through the challenging terrain, proving its EV credentials in a tough environment.
It’s no secret that some transport operators have their doubts about heavy duty electric vehicles.
Therefore, Austrian DAF dealer Tschann decided to put the vehicle to the test.
The DAF CF Electric entered the market in 2018 and is available as a 4×2 tractor and 6×2 rigid.
Operators in numerous European countries are running the third generation vehicles on their fleets.
For example, CF Electrics can be found in the Netherlands, Germany, Belgium, UK and Hungary.
In addition, they are used for various applications including supermarket distribution, refuse collection and container transport.
Importantly, those operators are able to achieve up to 500km a day by detailed planning and charging.
The CF Electric was loaded with 26 tonnes GCW and drove from Salzburg to the foot of the Grossglockner High Alpine Road.
On the way, it encountered a mixture of motorways and provincial roads.
Then, a course was set to the finishing line of the winding, mountain pass.
Tschann director Enrico Simma recalls the journey in the loaded CF Electric.
“The 48-kilometre route with 36 sharp hairpin bends and its steep slopes of 12% remains a challenge,” he admitted.
“Therefore, it’s the ultimate test for any vehicle – and the CF Electric passed with flying colours.
Continuing, he said that the CF had performed better than many would have expected.
“This is the proof that the CF Electric can be used on any route as long as there is a good charging infrastructure!” | <urn:uuid:bd22ca23-bc7b-4ab7-8672-0208c9345551> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://truckingmag.co.uk/news/loaded-cf-electric-successfully-navigates-mountain-pass/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.934158 | 412 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Many people are following my articles and the articles of many others because they want to become developers.
Sometimes I receive messages or read tweets from people asking how they can become a developer in x time.
And frankly, there is no correct answer to that question.
Let's take this question for example:
"How long should you boil an egg?"
People will give you answers from anything between 3 minutes and 8+ minutes, depending on what they like.
This exact problem happens with development as well. Let's say you asked this question to a developer who studies it. Their answer will always be "x school years + y", as a self-taught developer who spends 60 hours a week might say one year.
And for me,
I say what most developers would say: "It depends."
But foremost, I would say, you never stop learning.
One small step
My main advice would be to keep it fun for yourself. Don't forget this is not a sprint. It's a marathon.
You want to become a developer who enjoys their job in the long run. You need to take things one step at a time to achieve that.
How big those steps still depends on how big of a step you can make. Again, someone with tall legs might do bigger steps than someone with short legs.
However, the result is always the same. By learning day to day, you will improve so much over time.
One giant leap
Small learning accumulates over time, and some of you might even have read James Clear, Atomic Habits.
This graph comes from James's book and shows how a 1% a day improvement will accumulate over time to contribute to one giant leap.
For some people, this approach sounds like a waste, but I challenge you to try it out with anything you do.
Try making the steps smaller but more consecutive; you will also see this exponential growth.
What not to do
I've seen some horrible advice around the internet, where people tell you, you can become an x developer in only one week.
Trust me, it won't work, and you will only get frustrated and annoyed by the results.
You also can't dedicate 100% of your time to learning. Well, maybe you can for a week, a month. But by the end of that, you'll be mentally drained.
So keep that momentum going, and grow day by day.
Before, I've talked about my process but a small recap. I decided to start blogging daily, it's a good habit to form, and by doing so, I learn, re-learn and experiment with development-related things.
To me, it's a great way to improve over time. 800+ articles in, and I picked up many great things from writing these articles.
A bonus is that by writing them down, I actually get to remember them better, and I can always look back at how I solved a specific issue.
But don't get turned off by the writing part. That's my preference. Your way of learning might be by reading about it, creating a project, or watching a video. Choose a method that works for you.
By improving ourselves only 1% daily, we grow exponentially as humans. This is a perfect way to tackle any skill we want to master.
And by taking that one small step every day, you are making giant leaps over time for yourself. | <urn:uuid:42eb4905-c08b-453b-832f-3ffe3c4423cf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://daily-dev-tips.com/posts/one-small-step-for-you-one-giant-leap-for-yourself/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.974567 | 711 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Is your pelvic floor working for you or against you?
According to research, 1 in 2 women are unable to contract their pelvic floor muscles correctly. Even if you don’t have symptoms of bladder leakage, prolapse or sexual pain now, you could develop problems later if your pelvic floor muscles are weak and don’t contract and relax properly.
Current research also shows that 1 in 4 women use a technique to contract their pelvic floor that is actually detrimental to their pelvic floor muscles – it weakens rather than strengthens the muscles. The technique (squeezing your bottom cheeks together) used to be considered the correct approach to exercising the pelvic floor. Unfortunately this technique is still prescribed today by those not up-to-date on pelvic floor research.
Do you know how to contract & relax your pelvic floor muscles?
Every woman should have their pelvic floor checked, whether or not they have any symptoms and whether or not they have had a baby. Why? Because prevention is always best. If you don’t have symptoms now, they could develop later, such as when you have a baby or when you go through menopause.
Common causes of pelvic floor issues
Many of the causes below are commonly known, but some may surprise you.
- Pregnancy and childbirth
- Heavy lifting
- Strenuous sports
- A chronic cough
- Over-training abdominal muscles (some of the fittest looking people have weak pelvic floor muscles because they work their outer muscles but neglect the deep muscles)
- Stress (causes some to hold tension in the pelvic floor)
How can we help?
We teach you how to contract and relax your pelvic floor muscles correctly through a combination of simple movements and posture. We also educate you on how to recognise the symptoms of a weakening pelvic floor so you can manage it at home yourself and maintain a healthy pelvic floor for the rest of your life.
While many women are referred to us by their GP or gynaecologist, you do not need a referral to see us.
What to expect
You will see one of our Physiotherapists who specialises in women’s pelvic health. She will begin by asking you a series of questions about your pelvic floor habits to obtain a detailed history.
This will be followed by an internal vaginal examination to assess the strength of your pelvic floor. She may use ultrasound as part of the assessment to test the activation of your muscles and teach you how to do it correctly.
You will then be given an easy to follow pelvic floor exercise program designed specifically for you. | <urn:uuid:3461f59f-b148-4b57-8847-22e79c06d175> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://centralcoastphysiolates.com.au/womens-health/pelvic-floor/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.945759 | 537 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Replica Timepieces is the ideal choice for anyone if they are one of those customers who like to wear pricey, ornate watches, but their budget prevents them from doing so. People worldwide often shop for style and look, so they don’t care about the original product and instead opt to wear replica watches or First Copy Watches. Let’s answer the first issue without any further ado: What is the main difference between the replica and Original Watches?
Original designer watches
Original watches, also known as authentic watches, are genuine and are not copies or replicas of other watches. These watches are true to their brand name and design. An authentic watch portrays authenticity. Even though they are pricey, the watches are made with perfection, which makes their designs and appearance perfect.
The first replica items are based on the original brand and resemble them, except that these are not entirely original watches. First Copy Watches has a lot to offer, including that they are affordable and straightforward to purchase and 99 percent similar to the original piece. People may readily purchase duplicate watches from companies on the internet because they no longer need to pay a lot to look attractive.
Why buy replica watches?
Some of the reasons to first copy watches over originals are:
- Get more in less money
Purchasing replicas has several benefits that one can take advantage of. Even though a replica watch may cost less to purchase than the authentic brand-name model or style, it will always look exactly like the original. Sometimes, one can get a fake high-end timepiece identical in style, construction, and performance.
- Nobody will notice
Another benefit of wearing luxury replicas is that one can boldly showcase them at events, meetings, and parties without anyone realizing they are real. Additionally, as long as one wears the appropriate attire, they can be worn to any event and occasion without anybody noticing.
- Not a significant loss if lost
If a person loses their replica watch, it is not that big of a loss compared to if they lose their original designer watch. Original ones are too expensive, which can lead to a financial loss, as replacing them will not be easy; on the other hand, wearing replacements and losing them will not put that much pressure on the pocket.
Today one can find a variety of replicas watched online and offline. From best to lesser known brands, there are replicas to buy at half the price. This allows the buyer to indulge in more than one piece of the watch and have a complete collection.
Style has always been important, and one doesn’t have to spend all their money to appear attractive. One has the option to be wise and get copy watches rather than hunting for a well-known brand. Their authenticity, design, and construction are those of the original. Purchasing replicas is safe and available at super affordable prices. | <urn:uuid:ca483830-2674-4a6e-8a2c-8481493f731e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://foxsportsgrill.com/original-and-replica-luxury-watches-which-one-is-better/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.968792 | 593 | 1.59375 | 2 |
November 22, 1847: The settler ship John Wickliffe departs from London for New Zealand. Its arrival is considered the founding day of the Otago region. Central Otago in particular has become an area famed for the quality of its wines. Pinot Noir is the most well-known grape in Central Otago, but the area also produces Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, and Riesling. It is home to many wineries, including Mondillo Vineyards, Greylands Ridge, Carrick Wines, Black Ridge Winery, Bald Hills Vineyard, and many more.
November 22, 1912: On this day, Doris Duke was born. Duke was the daughter of the tobacco and energy magnate James Buchanan. She was a wide-ranging philanthropist, founder of multiple charities, and a patron of the arts. She kept a significant collection of wines at both of her estates. She passed away in 1993, and her will was the basis for the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation.
November 22, 1933: On this day, Philippine de Rothschild, a French vintner and actress, was born. She was the only daughter of Baron Phillipe de Rothschild, and ran his Châteaux after his death, including Château Mouton-Rothschild. As chairwoman of Baron Philippe de Rothschild S.A. she nearly doubled the wine sales of the company within a 12 year period. She passed away in 2014.
For more dates in wine history, click here. | <urn:uuid:c3bda09a-5f7e-40b8-917e-1b6e2d16cc3a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thisdayinwinehistory.com/november-22/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.972267 | 315 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Polarity detection is vital if you don’t want to hamper the quality of your audio mains. With the PowerStation, this is built-in.And never fear, max. 30,000A @ 1,000V/10uS surge protection is also here. If it detects a power surge or a mains short, the PowerStation will shut down, protecting your downstream equipment from peril.
The PowerStation uses iFi’s Active Noise Cancelation II to ACTIVELY eliminates noise across the frequency range, even across the lower frequencies.Each outlet has added passive filters to also eradicate noise from the very highest frequencies.The PowerStation has inbuilt earth/ground and polarity detection.No earth/ground can lead to annoying buzzes and hums – the scourge of audio.We’ve added a 4mm banana socket to the PowerStation so a grounding cable can be used to create a ground/earth when one isn’t present.Bingo, the sound is gone.
Noise reduction: > 40dB (> 100x)
Surge Protection: max. 30,000A @ 1,000V/10uS
Operating Voltage: 90V – 265V
Size: ø 478mm (l) x 96mm (w) x 76mm (h)
ø 18.8′ (l) x 3.8′ (w) x 2.9′ (h)
Weight: 1.98 (kg) / 4.37 (lbs) | <urn:uuid:1b716f81-7a78-475d-9173-cdf5dfc92176> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.audioconcierge.co.uk/portfolio/powerstation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.838948 | 316 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Get access to our expert approach to understanding the civic experience.
It’s 2022 and the cities are concerned with IOT, smart cars, and micro-mobility. With all of this technology and enough innovation, we still have yet to figure out how we can empower and lift up the voice of community members to solve local urban issues.
Why? One theory is because we have such a limited understanding of the lived experience.
Download our e-book on Designing for the civic experience. | <urn:uuid:2a8dba6d-e275-43fe-bac5-dde588c0e438> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cocensus.io/the-future-is-caring-about-the-civic-experience/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.949794 | 102 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Well-off people ask for salmon and Kobe beef on pandemic relief platform
Zalo Connect, the platform that connects benefactors and people who need help, is one of many technological platforms managed by the National Technology Center for Covid-19 Prevention and Control.
The platform is a feature on Zalo, a popular app with millions of Vietnamese people. Users can access Zalo Connect displayed on the top of Zalo page. They can click on ‘Toi can giup do’ (I need help), or ‘Toi muon giup do’ (I want to help).
The main function is to help people find urgent support from the community for food, drugs, necessities, or quickly connect physicians and specialist doctors to get medical advice from a distance.
Zalo Connect also connects volunteer individuals and institutions with needy people near their residential areas.
Since its launch, Zalo has been performing its functions well, helping many families receive support in a quick and convenient way.
However, there have been complaints about people who don’t have a serious attitude when calling for help from the community.
Some people have asked for ST25 rice (a delicious rice variety created by Vietnam and recognized globally), salmon, and Kobe beef, all very expensive items.
There have also been reports about incorrect behavior by donors towards people in need. Some of them say indecent words or make a pass at female students who ask for help.
Minh Trang, who donated food via Zalo Connect in Hai Ba Trung district in Hanoi, said she was upset when she came to visit a person who needed help and realized she lived in a street-front house. She met Trang wearing a skin-care mask.
Trang hopes that people only ask for help when they are in difficult situations.
“There are a lot of people who are experiencing hardships and they need help,” she said.
Doan Quoc Anh (Product Manage Zalo), head of Zalo Connect, said the platform is available in 21 cities and provinces in the country, including Hanoi, Da Nang, HCM City, Long An, Dong Nai, Binh Duong and some southern provinces which are applying social distancing under the Prime Minister’s Directive No 16.
In the last 10 days, 30,565 people have joined forces to help those in need and 60,982 individual turns of help have been reported.
Most people who needed help have asked for food (94 percent). Thirty five percent of people asked for essentials, 3 percent for medical advice, and 14 percent for drugs and medical supplies.
At the foot of Long Bien Bridge, the Phao (Float) hamlet, or hamlet of the poor, is experiencing tough days because of the pandemic.
As many as 13,579 people reporting coughing and high temperature on medical declarations turned out to be positive cases, amounting to 40 percent of total cases of the city. | <urn:uuid:7b1c738e-26a5-4c85-b317-a7cad5089383> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://vietnamnet.vn/en/well-off-people-ask-for-salmon-and-kobe-beef-on-pandemic-relief-platform-769363.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.967037 | 623 | 1.554688 | 2 |
We are organising a May The Force Be With You -Science Meets Star Wars event entirely inspired by Star Wars on Saturday the 11th & Sunday the 12th November 2017 at Esplora Interactive Science Centre. This event is of an educational basis, aimed at combining the Star Wars concept with the scientific aspect of the films to appeal to both children and adults alike. The event will include dioramas creating scenes from the films, life-size figures of the most popular characters, short films inspired by Star Wars, workshops, discussions and much more.
As part of our event, we, together with Esplora, are holding Nationwide Star Wars competitions each aimed to bring out the creative side of the participants as well as conveying an educational message. The competitions (posters attached) aimed at students of various age groups and even adults are listed below:
17 Years & over – Model Making- Create a Star Wars robot or spaceship from recyclable materials.
– Join The Force To Save The Environment- Draw a Star Wars character helping to save the environment.
– Art Is Unlimited! Fan Art – use your imagination to draw inspired by Star Wars.
– Photography competition consisting of three categories aimed at older students and adults:
– Photograph yourself or your friends as Star Wars characters in costume with a local landmark as a backdrop.
– Create and capture a scene that features your Star Wars collectibles just like in the movies!
– Capture a landmark and insert a Star Wars character, robot or spacecraft (local landscapes with people dressed in Star Wars costume, with Star Wars collectibles and funny Star Wars themed photos)
Entries Closing Date is Thursday 9th November 2017 at 3pm
Judging panel will consist of professionals in the field of art
Winners will be announced in the Star Wars – May The Force Be With You event on Sunday 12th November at 11am
Winning Entries will be displayed at Esplora Science Centre
For more information, please call on 99052482 or email email@example.com | <urn:uuid:71c38b6e-de57-4f7c-bf28-81ed1d86ea44> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://iict.mcast.edu.mt/star-wars-arts-competitions-for-schools/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.919082 | 418 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Cucumber seeds contain a toxin called cucurbitacin E, which has been linked to cancer. Is it safe to eat cucumbers?
Cucumbers are part of the gourd family, along with melons and squash. They are also known as summer squashes because they are harvested during the hot months of summer.
Cucumbers are often eaten raw or lightly cooked, but some varieties are pickled or canned. The seeds of these fruits contain a chemical compound called cucurbitacins, which are toxic to humans.
The cucurbitacin compounds in cucumbers can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headaches, dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, convulsions, coma, and death.
In fact, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warns that even small amounts of this compound may be harmful to people who have certain medical conditions.
This is why the FDA recommends that pregnant women not consume cucumbers. It’s also why the agency advises against consuming cucumbers if you’re taking medications for depression, anxiety, seizures, diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, kidney problems, stomach ulcers, or thyroid disorders.
If you do decide to eat cucumbers, make sure you wash them well before preparing them. You should also peel off any damaged skin. And don’t forget to remove the stem and seedpods.
There’s no specific amount of cucumber juice recommended by doctors. However, drinking too much could lead to dehydration, so experts suggest limiting your intake to two cups per day.
Shelf life refers to how long foods will stay fresh once they’ve been packaged or stored. This depends on many factors, including temperature, humidity, light exposure, and other environmental variables.
According to the USDA, refrigeration extends the shelf life of most vegetables. But cucumbers are an exception. These fruits have a short shelf life when exposed to air.
So, if you plan on keeping cucumbers around longer than three days, you’ll need to store them in the refrigerator.
You can also keep cucumbers in a cool, dark place at room temperature for up to five weeks. If you want to extend their shelf life further, you can freeze them.
Cucumbers grow best in warm climates where temperatures range between 65°F and 85°F. They prefer soil that contains lots of organic matter.
They require full sun and plenty of water. If you live in a cold climate, you might consider growing them indoors. In warmer regions, however, you’ll probably find that cucumbers thrive outdoors.
Cucumbers need about four hours of direct sunlight each day. During the winter, you can supplement this by placing a clear plastic cover over your plants.
Yes, cucumbers can make you feel nauseous. This is because they contain chemicals known as cucurbitacins. These compounds can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
But it’s important to note that there’s little evidence that eating large quantities of these fruits can harm you.
The only way to know whether you’re sensitive to cucumbers is to try one. Experts recommend starting with just a few seeds. If you experience any symptoms, stop eating them immediately.
No, you won’t get food poisoning from a single cucumber. But some types of bacteria can survive on cucumbers. So, if you plan on cutting up a whole cucumber, it’s best to wash it thoroughly first.
You should also avoid eating raw cucumbers if you’re pregnant. The same goes for anyone who has an infection in his or her mouth or digestive tract.
Some studies suggest that certain components found in cucumbers may help fight cancer. For example, researchers believe that cucurbitacin E may be effective against prostate cancer.
However, more research is needed to confirm these findings.
It’s unlikely that eating a single cucumber will make you ill. However, people who consume high amounts of cucumbers regularly may develop problems.
For instance, consuming too many cucumbers during pregnancy can increase the risk of miscarriage. And excessive consumption of cucumbers may lead to stomach cramps.
There are no known health risks associated with eating cucumbers. However, experts do warn that excessive consumption of these fruits may lead to dehydration.
In addition, consuming too much cucumber juice could irritate your throat. It’s not recommended that you drink more than two cups of cucumber juice per day.
If you have diabetes, you should talk to your doctor before drinking cucumber juice. Cucumbers contain a lot of sugar, which makes them a poor choice for diabetics.
A bad cucumber isn’t likely to make you very sick.
However, some people report experiencing mild gastrointestinal distress after eating them. Symptoms include bloating, gas, heartburn, and indigestion.
Eating cucumbers isn’t likely to cause serious health issues.
However, some individuals experience minor digestive problems after eating them. People who suffer from lactose intolerance may notice that their digestion becomes impaired when they eat cucumbers.
Other possible side effects include:
Cucumbers don’t go bad quickly. They typically last about three weeks once cut. In fact, they’ll keep fresh longer if you store them properly.
To ensure that they stay fresh, place them in a plastic bag filled with water. Change the water every week.
Yes, cucumbers can cause food poisoning. This is especially true if you eat them uncooked.
The problem occurs because cucumbers contain a toxin called citrinin. When this substance comes into contact with moisture, it forms mold.
This mold causes the fruit to rot quickly. As a result, the toxin leaches out into the surrounding air. If you breathe in enough of the toxin, you may end up getting sick.
Fluid is a term used to describe liquids that flow freely from one place to another. It is usually used to refer to liquid that flows from a source to a sink or drain. In other words, fluids are substances that move from one location to another. Fluid includes water, milk, juice, blood, urine, and any other substance that moves from one place to another such as air, gas, and oil.
Signs of spoilage
Spoilage is the deterioration of food caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, yeasts, molds, and other fungi. It occurs when the food is not stored properly. Food spoils quickly if exposed to air, moisture, light, warmth, or acidity. Spoiled food may smell bad, taste bad, or even look bad.
Can you get sick from eating bad cucumbers?
Cucumber is a vegetable that contains many nutrients such as vitamin C and potassium. It is also very low in calories and fat. However, if you eat cucumbers that are not properly stored, they could become contaminated with bacteria. This type of contamination can lead to illness. For instance, if you buy cucumbers that are not refrigerated, you run the risk of getting listeria poisoning. Listeria is a bacterium that can cause serious health problems. Symptoms of listeriosis include fever, muscle aches, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and headaches. In severe cases, people who have been infected with listeria can develop septicemia, meningitis, pneumonia, and encephalitis. To avoid these symptoms, always store cucumbers in the refrigerator.
Bloating occurs when the stomach expands because of gas buildup. It can happen after eating certain types of foods such as beans, broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, spinach, and other leafy greens. Other factors that contribute to bloating include stress, dehydration, hormone imbalances, and taking medications.
What is the shelf life of cucumbers after they have been cut?
Cucumbers are very perishable vegetables. Once they are cut, they lose their flavor and texture within a short period of time. Cucumber slices should be stored in the refrigerator until ready to serve. It is recommended to store sliced cucumbers in the refrigerator for no longer than two days. After that, they become limp and soggy. To extend the storage life of cucumbers, place them in a sealed plastic bag and refrigerate.
Other FAQs about Cucumber which you may be interested in.
Cucumbers are a great source of vitamin K, potassium, fiber, folate, magnesium, phosphorus, copper, manganese, and vitamins A and B6. They are low in calories and fat, but high in water content. They are also rich in antioxidants.
Side Effects Of Eating Cucumber At Night
Cucumbers are very good for health. It helps to reduce cholesterol level and prevent heart diseases. But eating cucumber at night can lead to insomnia. So, avoid eating cucumber at night.
What happens when you eat bad cucumber?
Cucumbers are very nutritious vegetables. It contains vitamin C, potassium, fiber, folate, calcium, magnesium, iron, phosphorus, copper, manganese, zinc, niacin, riboflavin, thiamine, pantothenic acid, and vitamins B6 and K. These nutrients help to maintain good health. But sometimes people get sick from eating bad cucumber. This is because cucumber contains oxalates which can bind with calcium and other minerals in our body. So if we consume too many cucumbers, it can lead to kidney stones.
Sinusitis is inflammation of the sinuses. It is caused by bacteria, viruses, allergies, or other irritants entering the nose and causing swelling and irritation. Symptoms include nasal congestion, pain behind the eyes, headache, fever, fatigue, and loss of appetite.
Can cucumber make you feel sick?
Cucumbers are a great source of vitamin C, potassium, fiber, and folate. It is also rich in antioxidants, such as lutein and zeaxanthin. These nutrients help protect against cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. In addition, cucumbers are low in calories and sodium. However, if you eat too many cucumbers, you could get stomach cramps. This is because cucumbers contain citric acid, which helps break down protein. Citric acid is found naturally in citrus fruits, but it can be hard on your digestive system. To avoid stomach problems, try eating cucumbers with other vegetables, such as carrots, tomatoes, peppers, or onions.
Can u get food poisoning from cucumber?
Cucumbers are not known to cause any type of food poisoning. However, if you eat raw cucumbers, you could get diarrhea and stomach cramps. Cucumbers are also used in salads and sandwiches to help prevent dehydration.
Can cucumbers make u sick?
Cucumbers are low in calories and rich in nutrients. It contains vitamin C, potassium, fiber, folate, magnesium, iron, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, copper, manganese, niacin, thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, and vitamins A and B6. It is also very good source of dietary fiber. However, if you eat raw cucumber, you may get stomach upset. This is because cucumbers contain enzymes called “cysteine protease” that break down proteins into amino acids. These amino acids are responsible for making our body produce gastric juices. So, eating raw cucumbers could lead to nausea and vomiting.
What are the side effects of cucumber?
Cucumbers are a great source of vitamin C and potassium. However, they are not good for people who have diabetes because they contain sugar. Eating a bad cucumber can lead to stomach cramps, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and dehydration.
What happens if you eat a bad cucumber?
Cucumbers are very healthy vegetables. It contains lots of nutrients such as vitamin C, potassium, fiber, folate, and magnesium. However, if you eat cucumbers raw, you could get stomach cramps or diarrhea. This is because cucumbers contain a compound called lactoferrin, which helps fight off bacteria. But if you eat cucumbers cooked, the lactoferrin is destroyed. So, if you eat cucumber raw, you should avoid eating other foods that contain lactoferrin, such as yogurt, kefir, and cheese.
What are the side effects of eating cucumbers?
Cucumbers are a great source of vitamin C, potassium, fiber, and folate. However, they are not recommended if you have certain medical conditions such as diabetes, kidney disease, or heart problems. In addition, cucumbers can cause diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, and headaches. These symptoms usually go away after a couple of days but can last longer if you have any underlying health issues.
Can cucumber cause food poisoning?
Cucumber is a fruit which contains a lot of nutrients such as vitamin C, potassium, and fiber. It is also very low in calories and fat. However, if you eat too many cucumbers, you may experience stomach upset. This is because cucumbers contain citric acid which can irritate your digestive system. Citric acid is found in fruits such as lemons, limes, oranges, grapefruit, and tomatoes. Eating these fruits together with cucumbers will help reduce the effect of citric acid. | <urn:uuid:af149fc1-45f6-4a62-be24-d1bd6a0aa581> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bronniebakes.com/can-get-sick-from-eating-bad-cucumbers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.949078 | 2,843 | 3.1875 | 3 |
Apparently the Amman Zoo hopes that their tiger and lion will mate. Eep. Their baby would be a liger. According to the Sierra Safari:
A liger is the result of breeding a male lion with a female tiger. It has stripes and spots; the spots are inherited from the lion parent even though adult lions do not appear to be spotted. All ligers are presumed to be born sterile. This is not unusual for hybrids. Mules are the result of breeding a horse with a donkey and are also presumed to be sterile, although there is an occasional, extremely rare, exception.
Gothamist, while a fan of strange animals, is a little freaked out by some of these animals hybrids. And even though we understand the zoo wants to raise attendance, can't they do that with a regular cute baby lion or tiger cub? | <urn:uuid:e3b88fcc-dd22-428b-addc-5bad4137a353> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gothamist.com/arts-entertainment/lions-and-tigers-and-ligers-oh-my | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.959855 | 174 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Configurable Markov Decision Processes
Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning, PMLR 80:3491-3500, 2018.
In many real-world problems, there is the possibility to configure, to a limited extent, some environmental parameters to improve the performance of a learning agent. In this paper, we propose a novel framework, Configurable Markov Decision Processes (Conf-MDPs), to model this new type of interaction with the environment. Furthermore, we provide a new learning algorithm, Safe Policy-Model Iteration (SPMI), to jointly and adaptively optimize the policy and the environment configuration. After having introduced our approach and derived some theoretical results, we present the experimental evaluation in two explicative problems to show the benefits of the environment configurability on the performance of the learned policy. | <urn:uuid:e1bd4b75-cfca-45b8-b2c0-625634baf484> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://proceedings.mlr.press/v80/metelli18a.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.882547 | 177 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Our school district is experiencing greater interest in 3D printing and many schools now have access to this new technology. Tech Services is currently creating resources to support this learning endeavour. Below your will find an overview on 3D printing and some steps to follow to help you get the most out of your 3D printing.
For more support:
Contact J.P. Wood (Tech Services) firstname.lastname@example.org, 250-794-5061
or Laurie Petrucci (Tech Teacher) email@example.com, 250-261-0425 | <urn:uuid:7ba9ad58-95ef-4c51-a0c0-f51857cbc2b6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://digmore.prn.bc.ca/helpful-resources/3dprintingresources/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.90829 | 122 | 1.9375 | 2 |
Dusty rose undertones define this delicate off-white.
LRV, or Light Reflectance Value, is a measurement commonly used by design professionals—such as architects and interior designers—that expresses the percentage of light reflected from a surface. LRVs range from 0-100, with 100 being pure white and 0 being absolute black.
Benjamin Moore Classics®
Get your own digital color dollop of Puppy Paws 1156 | <urn:uuid:b826eb64-0954-46a4-877b-ffc36a2e382a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.benjaminmoore.com/en-us/paint-colors/color/1156/puppy-paws | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.849262 | 107 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Listening to girls and their needs as they return to school
Image: Coach Hajara from Girl Up Uganda listens to a girl in her schoolwork
In many contexts, community-driven organizations offer girls in difficult circumstances a source of hope and chance at education by paying school fees, providing spaces for daycare, and taking on cases of gender-based violence by seeking legal justice on girls’ behalf. Community-driven organizations can also protect girls from female genital mutilation and early marriage and can support girls to develop and restore their power and agency through continuous training sessions. And that’s just the beginning.
Localized approaches to education and educational support are contextually specific and often relevant to the many barriers that adolescent girls face when they are trying to attend school. Issues surrounding access to education are nuanced and multilayered, particularly in low- and middle-income country settings. At AMPLIFY Girls, we believe that it is imperative to resource community-driven organizations to support the holistic re-entry of girls into public education.
In October 2020, we launched a four-country study in Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda aimed at understanding the barriers adolescent girls face when returning to school post COVID-19 and identifying potential pathways towards overcoming those barriers. This research provides an in-depth community-level assessment of the obstacles that could curtail adolescent girls’ education and collates regional evidence of best-practice interventions.
Our findings demonstrate that while girls’ experiences of the pandemic are multi-faceted and multi-layered, overarching feelings of isolation, fear, and hopelessness about the future emerged as key themes. The overwhelming majority of pregnant girls in the study reported becoming pregnant after engaging in transactional sex for basic goods—primarily basic needs, due to increased financial desperation brought on as a result of COVID-19. Of the goods sought for transactional sex, 61% were reportedly food, clothing, soap, or lotion; 19% accounted for menstrual hygiene products; 9% for other goods like sweets, school fees, or luxury clothing items; 6% for cellphones or other technology; and 5% of instances of transactional sex were a result of ‘peer pressure.’ From these results, we deduced that the most common cause of girls’ school dropout in the settings we surveyed begins with a lack of products to meet their basic needs (feminine hygiene products, shelter, food, or clothing). This vulnerability led girls to pursue sexually exploitative relationships with men who promised them money or goods in exchange for sexual favors, ultimately leaving many girls unintentionally pregnant and in some cases, unable to return to school.
Across the study cohort, girls reported pregnancy to be a determinant of their lives and future plans. In the majority of cases, the stigmatization, isolation, anxiety, and violence that pregnant girls faced made it impossible for them to return to school and augmented their experiences of other economic, social, and personal barriers common across the study population.
Girls are also experiencing protracted emotional and psychological trauma during the pandemic that will last beyond the period of school closures. The daily experience of violence, acute poverty, stress, anxiety, stigmatization, and insecurity has deteriorated girls’ mental health, making school return unlikely without psychosocial support and sustained and holistic care for multiple facets of their wellbeing.
We categorize the barriers to girls’ school return that emerged through our study as follows, in five key groups:
- Physical barriers: relocation and/or displacement, including unequal access to remote learning technologies and unsupportive learning environments.
- Economic barriers: pressure to earn income, loss of a parent or guardian, food insecurity, and/or lack of financial resources for school materials and costs.
- Health barriers: pregnancy and stigmatization, including girls’ experiences of physical and sexual violence, early marriage, and limited to basic health services, sexual and reproductive health information, and resources.
- Social barriers: hostile home environments and toxic school culture, negative peer pressure, and increased home responsibilities.
- Personal barriers: loss of hope, fears, and anxieties about school; lack of scholastic confidence should they return; lack of technical skills; and a deep sense of insecurity in themselves and their potential.
Girls know the solutions they need
In response to these barriers, girls themselves offered many important solutions and potential policies to support their continued learning. Common features of these recommendations included their holistic nature and deep care for the social and emotional aspects of girls’ wellbeing.
It is not enough for governments to declare that girls must go back to school; they must invest in systems that enable girls’ school re-entry and address causes of dropout.
Key recommendations girls provided to the global community include (expanded upon in the full report):
- Provide material resources and alleviate economic vulnerability. Economic support in the form of basic goods or school-related costs emerged as a cross-cutting recommendation by girls in all four countries. Increasing economic precarity was correlated with driving forms of sexual abuse and exploitation, leading to unintended pregnancies.
- Offer pathways for pregnant girls and young mothers to complete/continue their education. Given the high rates of teen pregnancy in their communities, girls felt it was urgent to provide young mothers and pregnant teens with options for continued learning. Recommendations focused both on returning pregnant girls to school by making schools more ‘girl-friendly,’ as well as providing skills-based learning opportunities such as vocational training and economic empowerment.
- Combat the stigmatization of pregnancy and teen-motherhood and that raise awareness about girls’ rights and needs. Pregnant girls surveyed unanimously felt that going back to learning would be unbearable because of the social stigma associated with pregnancy and teen motherhood. Girls recommended that family members, schools, and peers be sensitized about girls’ rights and needs.
- Provide psychosocial support, counseling, and mentoring. The recommendation for psychosocial support was unanimous amongst both pregnant and non-pregnant girls surveyed. Pregnant girls felt they needed mentoring and counseling about teen motherhood and encouragement to continue their education. Non-pregnant girls felt counseling and mentorship would help to encourage pregnant girls to return, despite prolonged absences and heightened anxieties.
- Establish effective community-based sexual reproductive health and rights (SRHR) initiatives. The overwhelming majority of girls reported that schools were the only place they could access information and resources pertaining to their sexual and reproductive health (SRHR) needs. When schools closed, many girls attributed rising pregnancies to the inability to access SRHR information and support. They recommended community-based SRHR counseling, services, and supplies in order to prevent future pregnancies.
- Make remote learning accessible (no-tech or low tech). Very few girls in our study were able to participate meaningfully in remote learning and felt that prolonged absences from education made school return exceedingly difficult. Girls requested support for accessing remote learning during ongoing and future shutdowns.
Girls’ education is globally recognized as the key to achieving gender equality, however, it is not a silver bullet. The Education 2030 Agenda recognizes that achieving gender equality requires an approach that ‘ensures that girls and boys, women and men not only gain access to and complete education cycles, but are empowered equally in and through education.’
To achieve SDG 4, we must not only focus on access to girls’ education but more importantly ensure that girls remain in school, develop as learners, and successfully transition to employment or further education. Centering community-driven development will enable us to ensure that all learners, especially young women access education.
To learn more about this research, please join our launch event on July 21st at 9am EST/4pm EAT. Register here! | <urn:uuid:790f5f3a-b200-40bf-b1d2-b9a0f6d245cd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://campaignforeducationusa.org/blog/detail/whole-community-approaches-for-girls-education | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.952585 | 1,596 | 2.640625 | 3 |
In this blog, we learn about Nimesulide medicine which is available under the brand name of nimeson, nise, etc.
This medicine is commonly used to treat fever and mild to moderate pain & inflammation in adolescent and adults above 12 years of age.
Nimesulide is not available in the United States, however it used in other countries for acute pain. Nimesulide is not advise to take for long-term, as for chronic conditions such as arthritis. Because taking it for long term may harm liver including liver failure.
In 1985, it was marketed as brand name of aulin & mesulid in Italy & it is available in more than 50 countries worldwide.
Nimesulide has never been filed for Food and Drug Administration (FDA) evaluation in the United States, where it is not marketed.
We learn this medicine in below format
INDICATION OF NIMESULIDE
It reduces the high body temperature
It is useful to treat mild to moderate pain, conditions mention as below
DOSAGE OF NIMESULIDE
Effect of nimesulide starts within 30-60 minutes & effect last for 8 to 10 hours.
SIDE-EFFECT OF NIMESULIDE
Due to concerns about the risk of liver toxicity, nimesulide has been withdrawn from market in several countries (Spain, Finland, Belgium, Ireland, and United States). Liver problems results in both deaths and the need for transplantation. This may occur in short period as three days after starting the medication.
Continuous use of nimesulide (more than 15 days) may cause the following side effects:
- Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea
- Epigastric distress
- Acidity, heart burn
- Dizziness, sleepiness
- Use cautiously in liver & kidney problem
- Congestive heart failure
- Volume or salt depression
- Not to give below age of 12 years of age.
MODE OF ACTION
How it controls fever
Normal body temperature is 98.6 F, which is regulated by hypothalamus (brain)
When infection occurs, there is increase secretion of prostaglandin
Which causes disturbance in hypothalamus & due to that temperature increases called fever
After taking nimesulide, this medicine blocks the synthesis of prostaglandin
So, for period of time hypothalamus works well & temperature decreases.
This way it decreases the temperature for short period of time. Other medicines will control the infection.
How it controls the pain?
When we got injury, there is increase secretion of prostaglandin by our body
It causes nerve stimulation & so, we feel pain
After taking nimesulide, it blocks the synthesis of prostaglandin
So, brain not recieved the message of pain temporarily
This way nimesulide controls pain. With time injured part heal & patient will feel completely okay.
Hope you like the article. To read other medical topics in easy language than Click Here | <urn:uuid:7fdc16a4-0fbf-4189-b14c-878d966e102f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.beyourdoctorweb.com/nimesulide/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.887222 | 671 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Buying a home is a big life step. It’s something many people strive towards, saving every cent they can to get the deposit together. While it can be a struggle to get there, once you’ve secured a mortgage on your home, the monthly payments are securing a bright financial future as the equity of your home builds up.
When owning a home, it’s important to ensure the value of your property keeps going up, and this can be done by improving it bit by bit. Whether you’re looking to increase its value so you can afford your dream home, or you’re investing in your future wealth, small DIY projects can go a long way.
Below, we’ll cover the top 6 ways to boost the value of your home.
1. Convert Your Basement
Basements are usually a great space inside your home, although many of us are guilty of letting it overflow as a storage area. If you’re looking to utilize the space in your home then why not clear out the clutter and do some simple renovations to turn it into an extra room.
Whether you’ve always wanted a home gym, you need an extra family room or would love a guest room, it’s a great place to start and adding an extra space that could be used as a bedroom could significantly boost the value of your home.
2. Expand Your Space with A Metal Building
Need an extension? Steel buildings are ideal if you’re looking for an affordable way to create additional space in your home. Metal buildings are ideal for garages, sheds, workshops, container covers or even a remote working office.
Metal buildings are highly durable and long-lasting structure, making them a low maintenance option. Be sure to find out everything you need to know about metal buildings to ensure it’s right for you before you invest.
3. Apply Some Energy-Efficient Home Features
When considering how to boost the value of your home, why not invest in your tech stack. As environmentally friendly homes become increasingly important to home buyers, fitting some simple features like a smart thermostat, solar panels on the roof or a smart home system that can turn your lights off remotely will impress eco-savvy buyers when it’s time to sell.
Not to mention, it will also help you reduce the amount of energy you use and reduce your bills in the meantime too.
4. Upgrade to Better Finishes
If you have a small budget for home improvements, even the smallest of changes can make a big difference. Do you have outdated handles on kitchen cupboards? Replacing them with stainless steel ones and a fresh lick of paint could transform your kitchen.
You could also replace standard light switches with a dimmer switch, upgrade your lighting to LED lights or spotlights and if you have the budget, install some luxury appliances like a dishwasher.
5. Rip Out Those Old Carpets
While carpet was once seen as a luxury that only wealthy households could afford, today’s modern buyers prefer wooden floors. Not only are they easier to keep clean if you have children and pets, but they’re more suitable for people with dust allergies too.
If wooden flooring is out of the budget, try opting for laminate flooring. It’s a cheaper alternative that still provides all the same benefits, and laminate technology has vastly improved in recent years.
6. Landscape Your Front Garden
First appearances are essential when it comes to your home, in which a good-looking front garden can make all the difference. If your driveway is looking a little drab, try contacting a landscaper to improve the space. Or if it’s out of the budget, adding some greenery and cleaning up stained paving stones can make a big difference too. | <urn:uuid:d0680e3f-ce44-41e1-b117-d0631ebc9867> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.luxuryhousingtrends.com/6-tips-to-boost-the-value-of-your-home/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.939141 | 789 | 1.734375 | 2 |
They had been thinking about doing humanitarian work for a long time. In fact, before their careers in management and nursing (respectively), even before their wedding “a long time ago,” Harry and Annie Bergshoeff of Mississauga, Ont., knew that someday, somehow, they would be giving back.
So when they heard about an opportunity to volunteer abroad as they were heading towards retirement, it seemed like the obvious next step.
In 2012, the Bergshoeffs headed to Kenya with World Renew – the international development agency of the Christian Reformed Church, and member of Canadian Foodgrains Bank – to help with food distribution and other humanitarian assistance during a drought.
Their years of experience in management, logistics and service make the Bergshoeffs an ideal fit for the International Relief Manager (IRM) program, an initiative that trains and sends highly-skilled Canadian volunteers into situations of humanitarian need where their expertise can contribute meaningfully to the response.
As Harry notes, it’s not always an easy transition. “We have skill sets that are useful, and we understand North American donors, but it is the local people who have the knowledge. We have to listen to them. We have to get to know another culture.”
Leaving their comfortable lifestyle and landing in the midst of a humanitarian disaster is another adjustment. “It was a shock to come face to face with people who are hungry,” says Annie of their first mission in Kenya. “But I was always impressed by their strength of character, their resilience.”
Harry muses that coming home is even more difficult. “It takes us about a month to get settled again when we come back. We look at our malls, our homes, our opulence and we ask, How can we justify this?,” he says. His unease feeds his resolve.
“We have it so good as Canadians. We are blessed with peace, health care, and a geography that is largely free of natural disasters. It is incumbent on us to do what we can,” he says.
Their sense of mission, according to Annie, is deeply rooted in their faith. “We are called to serve,” she says. “We see the needs that exist and we are driven to help in the fight against injustice and poverty.”
And by all accounts, their efforts really have made a difference. They have distributed bags of food and emergency supplies to families who have lost everything. They have coordinated the work of several agencies responding to needs in the same community. And most importantly, they have worked alongside local people so the community can carry on. “We just try to work ourselves out of a job,” says Annie.
At this point, there is still work left to do. Harry and Annie have completed 11 missions so far, in countries such as Kenya, the Philippines, Indonesia and Uganda. Their next trip will likely be to Bangladesh to work with Rohingya refugees for the third time.
Their love of adventure, compassion for people, and a deep sense of calling make it clear that the Berghoeffs have every intention to keep on going and to keep on giving.
You can follow Harry and Annie’s humanitarian missions on their blog: thebergshoeffs.org.
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But it didn’t appear out of thin air. Writers, editors and designers at Christian Courier worked behind the scenes to bring hope-filled, faith-based journalism to you.
As an independent publication, we simply cannot produce award-winning, Christ-centred material without support from readers like you. And we are truly grateful for any amount you can give!
CC is a registered charity, which is good news for you! Every contribution ($10+) is tax-deductible. | <urn:uuid:e13581a8-ee19-4a3c-b9a7-c065e1e1f235> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.christiancourier.ca/eleven-mission-trips-and-counting/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.975906 | 799 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of Eye Protection
CDC is reviewing this page to align with updated guidance.
CDC’s COVID-19 Community Levels recommendations do not apply in healthcare settings, such as hospitals and nursing homes. Instead, healthcare settings should continue to use community transmission rates and continue to follow CDC’s infection prevention and control recommendations for healthcare settings.
Once PPE supplies and availability return to normal, healthcare facilities should promptly resume conventional practices.
Summary of Recent Changes
As of September 13, 2021
- In areas of substantial to high transmission in which healthcare personnel (HCP) are using eye protection for all patient encounters, extended use of eye protection may be considered as a conventional capacity strategy.
- Deleted the crisis capacity strategy, exclude HCP at increased risk for severe illness from SARS-CoV-2 infection from contact with patients with suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Audience: These considerations are intended for use by federal, state, and local public health officials; leaders in occupational health services and infection prevention and control programs; and other leaders in healthcare settings who are responsible for developing and implementing policies and procedures for preventing pathogen transmission in healthcare settings.
Purpose: This document offers a series of strategies or options to optimize supplies of eye protection in healthcare settings when there is limited supply. It does not address other aspects of pandemic planning; for those, healthcare facilities can refer to COVID-19 preparedness plans.
Surge capacity refers to the ability to manage a sudden increase in patient volume that would severely challenge or exceed the present capacity of a facility. While there are no widely accepted measurements or triggers to distinguish surge capacity from daily patient care capacity, surge capacity is a useful framework to approach a decreased supply of eye protection during the COVID-19 response. To help healthcare facilities plan and optimize the use of eye protection in response to COVID-19, CDC has developed a Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Burn Rate Calculator. Three general strata have been used to describe surge capacity and can be used to prioritize measures to conserve eye protection supplies along the continuum of care.
- Conventional capacity: measures consisting of engineering, administrative, and personal protective equipment (PPE) controls that should already be implemented in general infection prevention and control plans in healthcare settings.
- Contingency capacity: measures that may be used temporarily during periods of expected eye protection shortages. Contingency capacity strategies should only be implemented after considering and implementing conventional capacity strategies. While current supply may meet the facility’s current or anticipated utilization rate, there may be uncertainty if future supply will be adequate and, therefore, contingency capacity strategies may be needed.
- Crisis capacity: strategies that are not commensurate with U.S. standards of care but may need to be considered during periods of known eye protection shortages. Crisis capacity strategies should only be implemented after considering and implementing conventional and contingency capacity strategies. Facilities can consider crisis capacity strategies when the supply is not able to meet the facility’s current or anticipated utilization rate.
CDC’s optimization strategies for eye protection supply offer a continuum of options for use when eye protection supplies are stressed, running low, or exhausted. Contingency and then crisis capacity measures augment conventional capacity measures and are meant to be considered and implemented sequentially. Once eye protection availability returns to normal, healthcare facilities should promptly resume standard practices.
Decisions to implement contingency and crisis strategies are based upon these assumptions:
- Facilities understand their eye protection inventory and supply chain
- Facilities understand their eye protection utilization rate
- Facilities are in communication with local healthcare coalitions and federal, state, and local public health partners (e.g., public health emergency preparedness and response staff) to identify additional supplies
- Facilities have already implemented other engineering and administrative control measures including:
- Use physical barriers and other engineering controls
- Limit number of patients going to hospital or outpatient settings
- Use telemedicine whenever possible
- Limit HCP not directly involved in patient care
- Limit face-to-face HCP encounters with patients
- Limit visitors to the facility to those essential for the patient’s physical or emotional well-being and care (e.g., care partner, parent)
- Cohort patients and/or HCP
- Facilities have provided HCP with required education and training, including having them demonstrate competency with donning and doffing, with any PPE ensemble that is used to perform job responsibilities, such as provision of patient care
Once availability of eye protection returns to normal, healthcare facilities should promptly resume conventional practices. Determining the appropriate time to return to conventional strategies can be challenging. Considerations affecting this decision include:
- the anticipated number of patients for whom eye protection should be worn by HCP providing their care
- the level of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the community
- the daily supply of eye protection currently remaining at the facility
- whether or not the facility is receiving regular resupply with its full allotment.
Use eye protection according to product labeling and local, state, and federal requirements.
In healthcare settings, eye protection is used by HCP to protect their eyes from exposure to splashes, sprays, splatter, and respiratory secretions. Disposable eye protection should be removed and discardedafter use. Reusable eye protection should cleaned and disinfected after each patient encounter.
Shift eye protection supplies from disposable to reusable devices (i.e., reusable face shields or goggles).
- Consider preferential use of powered air purifying respirators (PAPRs) or full facepiece elastomeric respirators which have built-in eye protection.
- Ensure appropriate cleaning and disinfection after each use if reusable face shields or goggles are used.
Selectively cancel elective and non-urgent procedures and appointments for which eye protection is typically used by HCP.
Implement extended use of eye protection.
Extended use of eye protection is the practice of wearing the same eye protection for repeated close contact encounters with several different patients, without removing eye protection between patient encounters. Extended use of eye protection can be applied to disposable and reusable devices.
In areas of substantial to high transmission in which HCP are using eye protection for all patient encounters, extended use of eye protection may be considered as a conventional capacity strategy.
- Eye protection should be removed, cleaned, and disinfected if it becomes visibly soiled or difficult to see through.
- If a disposable face shield or goggles is cleaned and disinfected, it should be dedicated to one HCP and cleaned and disinfected whenever it is visibly soiled or removed (e.g., when leaving the isolation area) prior to putting it back on. See protocol for removing and cleaning and disinfecting eye protection below.
- Eye protection should be discarded if damaged (e.g., face shield or goggles can no longer fasten securely to the provider, if visibility is obscured and cleaning and disinfecting does not restore visibility).
- HCP should take care not to touch their eye protection. If they touch or adjust their eye protection, they must immediately perform hand hygiene.
- HCP should leave patient care area if they need to remove their eye protection. See protocol for removing, cleaning, and disinfecting eye protection below.
Cancel all elective and non-urgent procedures and appointments for which eye protection is typically used by HCP.
Use eye protection devices beyond the manufacturer-designated shelf life during patient care activities.
If there is no date available on the eye protection device label or packaging, facilities should contact the manufacturer. The user should visually inspect the product prior to use and, if there are concerns (such as degraded materials), discard the product.
Prioritize eye protection for selected activities such as:
- Essential surgeries and procedures for which eye protection is recommended.
- During care activities where splashes and sprays are anticipated.
- During unavoidable activities with prolonged face-to-face or close contact with a potentially infectious patient for which eye protection is recommended.
Consider using safety glasses (e.g., trauma glasses) that have extensions to cover the side of the eyes.
- However, protective eyewear (e.g., safety glasses, trauma glasses) with gaps between glasses and the face likely do not protect eyes from all splashes and sprays.
Adhere to recommended manufacturer instructions for cleaning and disinfection.
When manufacturer instructions for cleaning and disinfection are unavailable, such as for single use disposable face shields or goggles, consider:
- While wearing a clean pair of gloves, carefully wipe the inside, followed by the outside of the face shield or goggles using a clean cloth saturated with neutral detergent solution or cleaner wipe.
- Carefully wipe the outside of the face shield or goggles using a wipe or clean cloth saturated with EPA-registered hospital disinfectant solution.
- Wipe the outside of face shield or goggles with clean water or alcohol to remove residue.
- Fully dry (air dry or use clean absorbent towels).
- Remove gloves and perform hand hygiene.
- Cleaned and disinfected eye protection can be stored onsite, in a designated clean area within the facility.
As of December 22, 2020
- Clarified healthcare personnel (HCP) use of eye protection as PPE.
- Moved the use of reusable eye protection to conventional capacity strategies.
- Added language to the section on prioritizing the use of eye protection.
- Deleted the strategy of designating convalescent HCP for the provision of care of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. | <urn:uuid:9cec126b-6349-4883-b6e2-5cfe955d4e5b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/ppe-strategy/eye-protection.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.907585 | 1,985 | 2.140625 | 2 |
The development of second generation sequencing technology has resulted in the rapid production of large volumes of sequence data for relatively little cost, thereby substantially increasing the quantity of data available for phylogenetic studies. Despite these technological advances, assembling longer sequences, such as that of entire mitochondrial genomes, has not been straightforward. Existing studies have been limited to using only incomplete or nominally intra-specific datasets resulting in a bottleneck between mitogenome amplification and downstream high-throughput sequencing. Here we assess the effectiveness of a wide range of targeted long-range PCR strategies, encapsulating single and dual fragment primer design approaches to provide full mitogenomic coverage within the Araneae (Spiders). Despite extensive rounds of optimisation, full mitochondrial genome PCR amplifications were stochastic in most taxa, although 454 Roche sequencing confirmed the successful amplification of 10 mitochondrial genomes out of the 33 trialled species. The low success rates of amplification using long-Range PCR highlights the difficulties in consistently obtaining genomic amplifications using currently available DNA polymerases optimised for large genomic amplifications and suggests that there may be opportunities for the use of alternative amplification methods.
Citation: Briscoe AG, Goodacre S, Masta SE, Taylor MI, Arnedo MA, Penney D, et al. (2013) Can Long-Range PCR Be Used to Amplify Genetically Divergent Mitochondrial Genomes for Comparative Phylogenetics? A Case Study within Spiders (Arthropoda: Araneae). PLoS ONE 8(5): e62404. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062404
Editor: Diego Fontaneto, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Italy
Received: January 3, 2013; Accepted: March 21, 2013; Published: May 8, 2013
Copyright: © 2013 Briscoe et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funding: This work was supported by a CoSyst Grant awarded to SC and a Bangor University funded PhD studentship to AGB. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Mitochondrial DNA markers are the cornerstones of contemporary molecular systematics and contribute greatly to our understanding of organellar evolution , . However, robust phylogenetic reconstruction is often impeded by low sequence volume and number of comparative loci. Prior to the turn of the century, single gene partitions were commonly used to infer phylogenetic histories, but poor nodal support and discordance between phylogenies derived from separate markers clearly revealed that additional data are needed for robust phylogenetic reconstruction .
As more sequence data becomes available for elucidating the tree of life, large-scale sequencing efforts and interrogation of expressed sequence tag (EST) libraries or sequenced transcriptomes , have begun to yield large numbers of nuclear markers that can be used for phylogenetic reconstruction . However, true phylogenomic analyses are still not practical for the de novo construction of phylogenetic hypotheses for taxa without sequenced transcriptomes , . A compromise between traditional phylogenetic methods and phylogenomics lies in the phylogenetic analysis of whole mitochondrial genomes –. However, the routine amplification of complete mitochondrial genomes from divergent taxa remains a significant hurdle to the widespread adoption of mitogenomic approaches.
The number of informative phylogenetic characters within the mitochondrial genome has been appreciated for some time but most studies have limited themselves to only exploring parts of this information to resolve relationships at multiple levels . The increase in whole mitochondrial genome datasets has provided new characters potentially allowing more robust phylogenies to be constructed. These markers, known as rare genomic changes (RGCs) have become increasingly popular for resolving complex phylogenetic relationships where traditional methods have produced ambiguous, unresolved results . RGCs, defined as large-scale mutational changes occur much less frequently than base substitutions and have long been used in phylogenetics as supporting data embedded in DNA sequences. Examples of RGCs include changes in organelle gene order, gene duplications and genetic code variants –.
Whilst the potential benefits of analysing whole mitochondrial genomes (including both coding regions and structural characters) in furthering our understanding of the mechanisms behind the evolution of organellar DNA are clear, all of the data produced to date have been of comparatively low volume. The lack of empirical data means that we still cannot accurately assess the utility of full mitogenomic sequences as a tool for resolving complex phylogenies in many taxa . Advances in sequencing technology (e.g 454 Roche GSFLX series and Solexa/Illumina) are likely to resolve the sequencing throughput issue . However, there are still clear limitations associated with the large-scale PCR amplification of divergent, interspecific, whole mitochondrial genomes. In spite of the recent revolution in sequencing technologies, current mitogenomic studies have been characterised by either analysing data from large, but incomplete mitochondrial genome fragments , low numbers of species or by focusing on nominally intra-specific datasets . In order to investigate the resolution potential, and associated problems with the amplification of large, interspecific mitogenomic data sets we focus here on spiders (Arthropoda: Araneae).
The Araneae are among the oldest and most diverse group of terrestrial organisms , , with a current diversity of more than 43,240 described species, placed in 111 families . Spiders are an unequivocally ecologically important guild, being the dominant predators of insects in natural and managed ecosystems . However, they have been relatively understudied from a higher-level molecular systematic perspective, and very little is known about inter-family relationships . More recent attempts to resolve the phylogeny of the Araneae, have revealed significant topological incongruence between morphological and multiple loci phylogenies . This makes the Araneae an ideal order to test the application of using mitochondrial phylogenomics to resolve complex relationships and better understand the evolutionary mechanisms underlying speciation and diversification. Furthermore, recent studies have shown repeated tRNA gene translocations , in combination with an extensive fossil record can be utilised in resolving high-level relationships, via calibrated gene trees in the Araneae –. Here, we investigate the utility of direct long-range PCR amplification of whole mitochondrial spider genomes, using a large range of currently available long-range Taq polymerases. The PCR approach was chosen as it circumvents the need for (often unavailable) large starting biomass associated with the direct pelleting of mitochondria. Whilst mitochondrial genomes can be readily amplified in large numbers of small fragments, this is both costly and labour intensive. To this end, we adopted both single and dual fragment amplification approaches across the phylogenetic breadth of the order to assess the feasibility of both conserved and directed approaches for expedient whole mitochondrial DNA amplification.
Materials and Methods
Sample Collection and DNA Extraction
Spiders were obtained from across the United Kingdom and Gambia by the authors and members of the British Arachnological Society (BAS) and either ethanol preserved (70%–100%, stored at 4°C) or freshly frozen (stored at −80°C) directly from living individuals (Table 1). Samples of Selenops annulatus, Deinopis sp. and Cithaeron praedonius had been stored in 70% ethanol and were incorporated in order to maximise taxonomic coverage across the order. No specific permits were required for the described field studies and no specific permissions were required for these locations or activities. No locations were privately owned or protected and the field studies did not involve protected or endangered species. All four legs were removed from the left side of the thorax prior to DNA extraction. The rest of the body was stored in 100% ethanol for vouchering and subsequent identification purposes. Whole genomic DNA was extracted from a single femur of each species using the Qiagen DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kits (Qiagen).
Primer Anchoring Strategy
In order to identify an efficient approach for the amplification of whole mitochondrial genomes we adopted two long-range PCR strategies to amplify the complete mitogenome in one or two large fragments . DNA from two anchoring regions, a ca. 650 b.p. region of the Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) and a 450 b.p. region spanning the large ribosomal subunit (16 s rRNA), were amplified for 33 taxa. Both amplifications were performed in 25 µl reactions using the primer combinations of CHELF1 (5′- TACTCTACTAATCATAAAGACATTGG) and CHELR2 (5′-GGATGGCCAAAAAATCAAAATAAATG) (COI) and primers LR-N-13398 (5′- CGCCTGTTTAACAAAAACAT) and LR-J-12887 (5′- CCGGTCTGAACTCAGATCACGT) (16 s) . PCR reactions comprised 1× PCR buffer, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 0.4 µM of each primer, 0.625 units ThermoPrime Taq DNA polymerase (Thermo Scientific) and 1 µl template DNA and thermocycling was performed using a DNA engine (Tetrad 2) Peltier Thermal Cycler (BIORAD). Cycling conditions were 60 seconds at 94°C, 5 cycles of 60 seconds at 94°C, 90 seconds at 45°C and 90 seconds at 72°C followed by 35 cycles of 60 seconds at 94°C, 90 seconds at 50°C and 90 seconds at 72°C . Amplification success was checked using a 1% agarose gel stained with Ethidium Bromide (EtBr). Successful amplifications were cleaned with 1 U shrimp alkaline phosphatase (Promega) to dephosphorylate residual deoxynucleotides and 0.5 U Exonuclease I (Promega) to degrade excess primers and subsequently sequenced bidirectionally (Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Korea) using the same primers as for amplification.
Long-Range Primer Design and PCR
Following the Sanger sequencing of the COI and 16 s anchoring regions, chromatographs were checked and sequences were manually edited where necessary, using CodonCode Aligner (v. 2.0.6, Codon Code Corporation), prior to alignment using Clustal W . The initial aim of this process was to amplify regions of sufficient length, on opposite sides of the mitochondrial genome, from which ‘universal’ primers could be designed , , . However, no conserved regions were found that would facilitate the design of long-range primers that could be used to amplify homologous loci from multiple families. long-range primers were subsequently designed for individual taxa in order to amplify the entire mitochondrial genome in one or two large fragments that overlapped with the conserved COI and/or 16 s ribosomal subunit using the Primer 3 software . Default values were used with the exception of length (22–30 bp), primer Tm (57.0–70.0°C) and GC content (40–60%) which followed consensus recommendations from the Taq manufacturers (Primer sequences available on DRYAD entry doi:10.5061/dryad.8dd3n). For the single fragment protocol, primers were designed within the COI sequences, with the light strand primer situated downstream of the heavy strand primer, thus taking advantage of the circular nature of the genome. For the dual fragment protocols, two sets of primers were designed for each taxon, to bridge the gaps between the COI and 16 s regions (Figure 1).
Spider mitochondrial genome highlighting the genes from which the two fragment long-range PCR strategy was designed (green arrows – direction indicates gene sequence 5′–3′). Solid red bars show the two long-range PCR products and approximate length.
The PCRs were performed initially in 50 µl volumes using multiple polymerases recommended for long-range PCR amplification, including: Clontech Advantage 2, Clontech Advantage Titanium, Clontech Advantage HD (Takara Biotech), NEB LongAmp (NEB), GeneAmp XL (Applied Biosystems) & Expand Long Range PCR (Roche), using the protocols and cycling conditions recommended by the manufacturers. All DNA polymerases were initially tested on five phylogenetically disparate samples prior to using the most successful ones on the remaining samples. Successfully amplified PCR products were electrophoresed and subsequently purified using Qiagen QiaQuick Gel extraction kits (Qiagen) or Origene Rapid PCR Purification System (Origene), dependent on fragment size. Following long-range PCR amplification, primers were assigned to groups based on amplification success (good, stochastic or no amplification) and subsequently tested for significant differences in primer length, GC content and Tm using a Mann-Whitney U test in the statistics package SPSS .
Amplicon Shearing, Library Construction and 454 Roche Sequencing
Amplicons from eleven purified samples (Meta menardi, Xysticus audax, Psalmopoeus cambridgei, a Gorgyrella sp., Eupalaestrus campestratus, a Linyphiidae sp., Zelotes apricorum, Malthonica silvestris, Araneus diadematus, Pisaura mirabilis & Dysdera erythrina) were fragmented using a Covaris DNA shearer (Covaris) at 10% duty cycle, intensity: 4 with 200 cycles per burst for 65 seconds. Following quantification using a Qubit 2.0 fluorometer (Invitrogen), MID barcoded adapted sequencing libraries were constructed using the NEBNext DNA sample prep master mix set in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions (New England Biolabs), pooled in equimolar concentrations and sequenced at low putative coverage on 1/16th of a 454 Roche GSFLX Titanium platform (Centre for Genomic Research, University of Liverpool). Please note that the sequencing step here was intended as a quality control measure and not intended to sequence to a depth required for full mitochondrial genome assembly (sequence quality data available on DRYAD entry doi:10.5061/dryad.8dd3n). The 454 Roche sequences were assembled using GS De Novo Assembler software (Roche). Following trials with Roche’s GS De Novo software, MIRA (B. Chevreux) and CLC Genomics Workbench (CLC bio, Aarhus, Denmark), no substantial differences in number of contigs or length were present using any of the approaches. Therefore, in accordance with the proven functionality of the 454 Roche software, all sequences were assembled using the GS De Novo program. Following assembly, the resulting contigs where compared to existing Araneae mitochondrial DNA sequences within GenBank via BLAST in order to investigate sequence homology (Genbank accession numbers: AY309258, AY309259, AY452691, NC_005942, NC_010777, NC010780).
Of the 33 species used, 27 and 24 taxa were successfully amplified for the COI and the 16 s regions respectively, yielding anchoring points for a total of 26 families (Table 1) (GenBank accession numbers: COI - JQ412439 - JQ412463 and 16 s - JQ406614–JQ406637).
Mitochondrial Genome PCR Amplifications
Initially, five specimens, covering a broad taxon range, were used to test the performance of the Taq polymerases for single fragment mitochondrial genome amplification (Table 2). Following repetition of the Taq testing when opting for a dual fragment approach, it was found that NEB LongAmp was equally as effective as Clontech Advantage 2 Taq polymerase. Subsequently, complete mitochondrial genomes were successfully amplified in c. 7–9 kb or c. 15 kb fragments using Clontech Advantage 2 (single fragment) or NEB LongAmp (dual fragment) Taq polymerases. The probability of obtaining successful amplifications of complete mitochondrial genomes utilising either the 1 or 2 fragment amplification protocol was not demonstrably different (based upon presence/absence of bands), suggesting that the limiting factor in the amplification of the genomes was not necessarily the size of the target fragment. In some two-fragment amplifications (Samples Pardosa nigriceps, Dysdera erythrina, Pisaura mirabilis, Phrurolithus festivus & Anyphaena accentuata) the COI to 16 s region amplified consistently more often than the reverse, highlighting potential inhibition to amplification within the target sequence. However, of the initial 33 samples trialled, from which a subset of 22 (based on sequence availability and prior PCR amplification success) were used for long-range PCR, only 11 mitochondrial genomes could be amplified robustly and with a guaranteed level of reproducibility (Meta menardi, Xysticus audax, Psalmopoeus cambridgei, a Gorgyrella sp., Eupalaestrus campestratus, a Linyphiidae sp., Zelotes apricorum, Malthonica silvestris, Araneus diadematus, Pisaura mirabilis & Dysdera erythrina). The NEB LongAmp polymerase (NEB) amplified genomes in two fragments with greater reproducibility whilst Clontech Advantage 2 (Takara Biotech) amplified single fragment genomes with greater consistency. Statistical analysis of the primer properties (length, GC content and Tm) yielded no significant differences between any combination of primers that amplified repeatedly, intermittently, or those that consistently failed to amplify mitochondrial genome fragments.
454 Roche Sequencing
The sequencing of the 11 amplicon libraries provided a total of 27,892 tagged reads with an average length of approximately 278 bases (Table 3). Reads from sample 464_SC_AB (Malthonica silvestris) were unable to be recovered by the MID identifying software. De novo read assembly was unable to construct complete mitochondrial genomes but provided an average of an estimated 65% sequence assembly (assuming a ca. 15 kb mitogenome target; contigs and sequences available on DRYAD entry doi:10.5061/dryad.8dd3n).
In light of the likelihood of tRNA gene rearrangements and because only 6 mitochondrial genomes were available on Genbank at the time of analysis, a highly dissimilar BLAST search was performed on the nucleotide collection database. Of the 10 samples, all contigs created through short-read assembly had maximum identification values ranging from 78–100% Max ID for spider mitochondrial DNA, either through an unrestricted blast search or with searches focused on Araneae accessions. Nucleotide sequences for all reads were deposited in the GenBank short-read archive (SRA051390.1).
We were able to amplify most of the target genes (COI and 16 s) across our taxon range, but were unable to identify or develop degenerate primers for any other potential anchoring region within the spider mitochondrial genome following sliding window analyses of all regions most commonly used in spider phylogenetics. Sliding window analysis was performed on all 13 protein coding genes and both ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) of the six previously published spider mitochondrial genomes using the Drosophila Polymorphism database, SNP Graphics (http://dpdb.uab.es/dpdb/diversity.asp) (sliding window plots available on DRYAD entry doi:10.5061/dryad.8dd3n). This most likely highlights the high level of mitochondrial genetic diversity that can be found within the spiders along with the absence of universal primers available for no more than a handful of protein coding genes, resulting in few reference sequences available for comparison for large portions of the Araneae mitogenome .
Predictably, the 454 Roche low coverage sequencing step resulted in a wide variation of read coverage per amplicon pool, most likely due to differences in MID primer tag design and read recovery. Nevertheless, even highly covered mitochondrial genomes did not result in a full assembly, suggesting further optimisation may be required in either the shearing or bioinformatic steps of mitogenome assembly . The BLAST search of the assembled contigs showed that spider mitochondrial genomes had indeed been amplified and that we had not inadvertently amplified nuclear DNA or DNA from a contaminating source such as the Wolbachia bacterium . The need to use searches focused on Araneae accessions, in order to get positive matches, most likely highlights the genetic divergence between the trialled taxa and the complete mitogenomic data currently available for 6 out of the 112 described families of spiders.
Nevertheless, even following an extensive campaign of PCR strategies and optimization, using a variety of long range Taqs, we could not consistently amplify approximately two thirds of the species, a substantial proportion of our sample taxa. We have no reason to attribute PCR failure to degraded DNA resulting from sample storage conditions, since all specimens were preserved directly from living organisms using tried and tested preservation media. Moreover, of the three samples stored in 70% EtOH, although sample Selenops annulatus did not amplify, samples Deinopis sp. and Cithaeron praedonius could be amplified, albeit inconsistently, suggesting that 70% EtOH preservation over ca. three years may be sufficient to preserve mitogenome integrity for PCR amplification. However, we could not rule out the possibility that sub-optimal storage conditions can adversely affect the availability of suitable templates for long-range PCR. It is also unlikely that the primers affected long-range PCR success rate, since comparative analysis between the primer sets revealed no discernable statistical differences in physical or chemical properties (i.e. GC content, length, Tm). The arachnid mitochondrial genome, as for most animal mitochondrial genomes, is a small extra-chromosomal genome comprising 37 genes including 22 coding for transfer RNAs (tRNAs), 13 coding for proteins and 2 coding for ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) . As well as the 37 coding genes, mitochondrial genomes also contain a small, approximately 1–2 kb, non-coding control region, named due to its perceived role in controlling the transcription and replication of the mtDNA molecule . However, the protein coding gene arrangement of spiders is highly conserved and shared amongst many other Chelicerates and so is not likely to cause differences in amplification success. Previously published Araneae mitochondrial genomes are considered to be very A/T rich (64–76%), reflecting the low G/C content of the mitochondrial genomes of other arthropod orders . In spite of the low G/C content of the DNA, no definitive reason is forthcoming for the failure to obtain more consistent long PCR amplifications from our target mitochondrial genomes. Whilst the larger region (COI-16 s) of the dual fragment approach amplified successfully more often than the shorter 16 s-COI counterpart, the G/C content of both fragments is comparable (approximate difference of 2.6% averaged across all currently published Araneae mitochondrial genomes) with no significant differences between the highest and lowest values of the comprising genes within each fragment. However the lesser-amplified small fragment (16 s-COI) does contain the control region, also known as the A+T rich region due to its low G/C content, which has been known to inhibit DNA polymerases in insects and platyhelminths . However, enzyme inhibition is more likely to be caused by tandem repeats present in and around the control region as comparative analysis of previously published arachnid mitochondrial genomes show other genes to also have lower G/C content.
Our results provide evidence for the successful amplification of several whole mitochondrial genomes, in one or two long fragments overlapping the COI and/or 16 s regions, using a variety of commercially available DNA polymerases optimised for large genomic amplifications. However, we have also highlighted the difficulty in obtaining amplifications with a guaranteed level of reproducibility, using multiple currently available polymerases and thus highlighted potential limitations to the feasibility of mitogenomic studies featuring large numbers of independently amplified taxa using single, or dual fragment approaches. Recent studies utilising mitogenomics to resolve phylogenetic incongruences have avoided this issue by focusing on the production of datasets comprising either incomplete genome sequences or that are nominally intra-specific . Whilst these data still provide a large number of informative phylogenetic characters, the lack of the whole mitochondrial genome precludes the acquisition of maximum phylogenetic resolution, including RGCs, from the mtDNA genome –. However, the importance of recovering complete mitogenomic sequences in order to more accurately reconstruct phylogenetic relationships has long been understood and so remains an important avenue of exploration in contemporary phylogenetics . Although we present data on a single order (Araneae – Spiders) we believe that the results highlight the limitations to the feasibility of generating diverse, interspecific complete mitochondrial genome data sets from long-range PCR amplifications, in terms of both cost and efficiency. Whilst many studies have successfully used a multitude of PCR amplifications in order to generate mitochondrial genomes , , , this is both labour and time intensive. This highlights the potential need to utilise alternative, non-PCR based methods that are able to amplify complete mitochondrial genomes both quickly and cost effectively. Direct recovery of organellar genomes and mitochondrial gene partitions from whole shotgun genome sequencing and EST libraries is possible , , but expedient mechanisms to isolate only the mtDNA locus are needed to optimise organellar coverage for large numbers of taxa. While methods such as Rolling Circle Amplification (RCA) have been trialled successfully on a limited number of species, further investigations across a range of taxa will be desirable to investigate their full potential to create divergent, multi-taxon datasets for comparative mitogenomics. Such methods hold advantages over PCR-based strategies due to the non-specific nature of the amplification process. By using random hexamers, as opposed to synthesising bespoke taxon-specific oligonucleotides, it is possible to avoid the amplification failure shown by this study whilst allowing for the creation of large, diverse mitochondrial genome datasets from low amounts of starting material.
The authors would like to thank the members of the British Arachnological Society, especially Tony Russell-Smith, Jennifer Newton, John Harper, Rob Cummings & Richard Gallon for the provision of samples and specimen identification. We also thank Wendy Grail (Molecular Ecology & Fisheries Genetics Laboratory), Christiane Hertz-Fowler, Christian Bourne and the staff at the Centre for Genomic Research, University of Liverpool, for sequencing support.
Critical review of the manuscript: SG SM MIT MAA DP JK. Conceived and designed the experiments: AGB SC. Performed the experiments: AGB. Analyzed the data: AGB SC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AGB SC JK. Wrote the paper: AGB SC.
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- 56. Tang S, Hyman BC (2005) Rolling circle amplification of complete nematode mitochondrial genomes. Journal of Nematology 37: 236–241. | <urn:uuid:c2487c5e-b501-44c1-b439-fc65582b2fe7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0062404 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.848003 | 8,877 | 2.296875 | 2 |
In their work published today in Cell Stem Cell (http://www.cell.com/action/showMethods?pii=S1934-5909(17)30079-6), they demonstrate that Gli1 marks a subset of bone marrow stromal cells that turn into scar forming myofibroblasts upon exposure to malignant hematopoietic stem cells. Importantly, the authors show that genetic ablation or pharmacologic targeting of these cells by Gli protein inhibition abolishes bone marrow scar formation (fibrosis) and rescues bone marrow failure (anemia) in mice. Furthermore, the authors demonstrate that the same pathway is active in human disease where Gli1 expression correlates with disease severity. Therefore, Gli inhibition might be a promising novel therapeutic strategy. This work has important implications for both better understanding of the disease, for improved diagnostics and for improved treatments, as bone marrow fibrosis is regarded as an incurable disease.
Important cellular and molecular mechanisms of bone marrow fibrosis in hematopoietic malignancies discovered
Bone marrow (BM) fibrosis is a fatal disorder in which normal bone marrow tissue and blood-forming cells are gradually replaced with thick coarse fibers and scar-like tissue. Over time, this leads to failure of the body to produce blood cells and ultimately to death. The specific mechanisms that cause BM fibrosis are not understood, in particular, as the cells driving fibrosis have remained obscure. The laboratories of Rafael Kramann (Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen) and Rebekka Schneider (Division of Hematology and Oncology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and Department of Hematology, Erasmus Medical School, Rotterdam) and their collaboration partners have now revealed the cellular origin of BM fibrosis.
Uniklinik RWTH Aachen
Dr. Mathias Brandstädter
Tel. 0241 80-89893 | <urn:uuid:8e12d7d1-949f-452a-bd63-272f6347cde6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ukaachen.de/kliniken-institute/klinik-fuer-nieren-und-hochdruckkrankheiten-rheumatologische-und-immunologische-erkrankungen-medizinische-klinik-ii/alle-beitraege-aus-news/news/28-04-2017-important-cellular-and-molecular-mechanisms-of-bone-marrow-fibrosis-in-hematopoietic-malignancies-discovered/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.876396 | 443 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Jaap Reijngoud, a former CITES Enforcement Officer in the
Netherlands, established REIJNGOUD CoNCEPT
Consultancy in January 2010.
his career researching fresh water fish and water quality. From 1992
he has worked as a CITES Enforcement Officer, and has become a
recognised expert in the protection of flora and fauna covered by
both CITES and European Commission regulations, and has
worked throughout the European Union.
From 2008 he was also acted as an animal welfare officer
investigating welfare and cruelty cases.
Since 2003 Jaap has worked closely with several
European government departments and non-governmental organizations; particularly in providing
training courses and workshops. Jaap has helped protect
endangered species world wide, by developing CITES Enforcement
staff's knowledge of: regulatory policies, investigative
methodology, professional and legal standards, specialised
techniques and databases.
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Is it better to drink acid water or alkaline water
When we drink water, we always hear that people have acidic water and alkaline water. What is acidic water and what is alkaline water? The pH of water is determined by the ions in the water. Another key factor is to see whether the water contains minerals and trace elements.
Is it better to drink acid water or alkaline water?
There are always arguments about this issue. Because the market is not mature, many businesses are hyping their selling points. Alkaline ion filter and micro electrolysis cup were once popular. They use seemingly scientific theories to promote that alkaline water can cure diseases and improve health. It can make kids smarter. It can make cells more active. It can adjust pH value and pH value of human body. Is this “weak alkaline water” really so magical?
It is said that the pH value of alkaline and acidic water can be adjusted. Under normal conditions, the pH value of human body is between 7.0 and 7.4, neutral or weakly alkaline. With the aging of human cells or illness, it will become acidic constitution. But there is a certain scope.
It is not true that the pH value of drinking water can be changed. In junior high school biology class should have learned. The pH value cannot be changed by the alkalinity or acidity of the outside world. The human body is a very precise system in which the pH value cannot be changed easily. If too much acid will become acidosis, too much alkali will become alkalosis, serious words will directly lead to death.
It is said that alkaline water can regulate the acid and alkali of stomach. It is well known that the stomach is acidic. Some manufacturers or agents take advantage of this to hype the concept and make full use of the problem. “Drinking weakly alkaline water can regulate the acidity and alkalinity of the stomach”, which is very naive. The stomach is always in a strong acid environment.
The function of gastric acid is to kill bacteria. It can make the stomach enzyme active and denaturate the protein in food. It is easy to decompose and digest. The stomach secretes a lot of acidic substances every day. No matter what water goes in, it becomes acidic. If drinking water makes our intestines and stomach alkaline, it helps harmful microbes. For example, parahaemolytics, Salmonella, these pathogenic microorganisms like the environment, are alkaline.
In fact, we usually drink water, as long as it is clean and does not contain harmful substances, it is healthy drinking water. It doesnt matter whether the water is acidic or alkaline. At present, the authoritative profession in the water treatment industry has not indicated that drinking acid water is not good.
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Producing specialty coffee involves managing variables such as rainfall, sun, humidity, acidity, pH levels, and temperature. Measuring and tracking these variables requires the use of technology and innovation, usually in the form of specialised tools.
Some Colombian coffee producers have started using tools that embody both qualities to measure the above variables, and are using the resulting information to improve the quality of their crop and their farming practices. We spoke to two of them about their experiences, and which tools they use to reduce costs and increase profits on their farms.
Below are five tools that they use that could address farming issues most producers face. Here’s what each one does, and why adopting it could benefit you, no matter where you’re located.
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Rain falls on a coffee farm in Timaná, Huila, Colombia. Credit: Daniel Cortés
How The Right Tools Can Benefit Producers
It’s common knowledge that most coffee producers aren’t being paid enough to maintain profitable farming operations. There are many ways that this issue could be addressed. One of them is to produce higher quality coffee that could potentially fetch higher prices. This could involve transitioning to specialty coffee production, which would require that they constantly evaluate their processes and track production data to replicate results.
Another option would be to improve efficiency in their existing farming practices. Here, success might involve being open to new technologies which could save them time and improve the quality of their outputs. Both these options will require that producers do something they’ve never done before, and innovate.
I spoke to Daniel Luna Fals, founder of La Venta Estate Coffee, whose family company in Cajibío produces and exports specialty coffee. He says that producers need innovation and technology to improve their product quality, lower costs, and increase profits.
He also says that improving techniques in the production process will reduce its impact on the environment and optimizes the use of natural resources, and that “producing coffee has a future as long as we can improve our quality standards, and this will allow us to reach competitive and differentiated markets with specialty coffee”.
Wilfredo Ule Vargas is the owner of Finca Alcatraz, a specialty coffee farm in Oporapa, who has over 10 years of production experience. He believes that innovation and technology are important to maintain production quality, saying that “you can produce an excellent coffee, but if you don’t know how and why you got that coffee then it’s pure luck. If you can standardize and control the processes you can replicate it again and again”.
Findings from 2018’s World Coffee Research Annual Report acknowledge this, by stating that the future of coffee will likely face fewer farmers and less diversity without significant innovation.
Here are five of the tools that producers like Daniel and Wilfredo are using to facilitate this.
A moisture tester in La Venta Estate Coffee’s dryer. Credit: Daniel Luna
1. Moisture Tester
Drying green beans and coffee at parchment stage is an important part of the production process. Typically, an unprocessed and ripe bean will contain about 45 to 55% moisture after picking, and will reduce its moisture content by 10 to 12% after processing and drying.
Knowing the moisture content of your beans at any given stage will impact everything from the development of mould and presence of pests, to its roasting and sensory profile. This is where a moisture tester comes in handy.
Daniel says he is “constantly using the moisture tester, so that when we reach an optimal level of humidity (between 10 and 12%) we bring it out from the dryer. We measure humidity again when we are packing up before transportation”.
He adds that “green coffee buyers always conduct tests on the product we send over. Most of the buyers want coffee humidity to be between 10 and 12%, and there are others that are even more strict and want it between 11 and 12%. This is why measuring and keeping track of humidity is so important”.
La Venta Estate Coffee’s thermo hygrometer (left) and humidity tester (right). Credit: Daniel Luna
2. Thermo Hygrometer
You need to control the humidity and temperature of the environment where your coffee is drying, as if you don’t, it could lead to the coffee drying at different rates and creating unevenly dried coffee, or increase the risk of mould developing. A thermo hygrometer can help prevent this, as it can measure temperature and humidity in the air.
For Wilfredo, using a thermo hygrometer has helped him understand that humidity levels are different in plastic-covered dryers compared to under roof beds: “During this time of year when we experience a lot of rain and low temperatures, the humidity level in plastic dryers is really high in the early morning compared with (other) beds. So depending on the time of the year, I need to be more careful with one dryer or the other.”
Using a thermo hygrometer, Daniel has established a maximum permissible level of temperature and humidity in his dryers: “The optimal temperature inside the dryers cannot exceed 35º C/95 °F, which allows a more homogeneous, prolonged, and uniform drying. This has given us better results both physically and in cup score.”
Many producers cup their coffee, as it can help them improve their production and processing methods, as well as make informed changes to their processes. A thermo hygrometer can help detect issues at drying level that might impact a coffee’s cupping scores.
A refractometer next to coffee cherries at La Venta Estate Coffee’s dryer. Credit: Daniel Luna
The ripeness of harvested cherries is a critical variable when determining a coffee’s quality. One way to identify ripeness is by measuring the sugar and dry matter contents of a bean mucilage sample. By measuring and recording its brix levels (the degree of sugar content in an aqueous solution), you can determine how many sugars are present in your coffee.
A refractometer can be used to determine the level of sugar and minerals in brix, helping producers determine the ripeness and sugar content of their cherries in percentage format.
For Daniel, it’s “allowed us to establish and differentiate sugar levels in the varieties we have on our farm. It’s also helpful in establishing sugar variations in fermentation processes”.
Wilfredo has noticed that the percentage of brix that his cherries contain will vary depending on the time of the year: “During summer and dry seasons, the brix degrees are over 25, which is really high. But during winter and rainy seasons, the brix degrees go down because the cherry stores a lot of water.”
It’s important that this kind of data is tracked all year long. By recording information like the above, producers can improve or alter the time, place, and environment of their production. It can also help them expand to grow different or more appropriate coffee varieties.
Coffee ferments at a coffee farm in Timaná, Huila, Colombia. Credit: Daniel Cortés
In Colombia, the weather is increasingly becoming unpredictable, and one sign of this has been extreme rainfall patterns, longer and more severe drought periods, and more erosion and landslides due to heavy rains. Collectively, these conditions can impact a coffee’s flowering and fruit cycles.
Two weather phenomena that also impact coffee production in Colombia are El Niño and La Niña, which occur when the ocean’s surface temperature is 0.5 °C/32.9 °F above its average for three consecutive months (El Niño), and 0.5 °C/32.9 °F below its average for three consecutive months (La Niña). During La Niña, rainfall and humidity increases, and during El Niño, sunlight and temperatures increase.
A pluviometer (or rain gauge) measures how much rainfall an area receives in a specific time period. Knowing how much rain falls in different areas from year to year can help producers prepare for dry or wet seasons, and plan when to sow their crops. It can also help them plan ahead to protect their crops during storms and heavy rains.
Daniel has witnessed the consequences of climate change first-hand: “This year we had more than three months of intense summer and now we are going [into] a phase of intense rain and even some hail. Those sudden climate changes alter the quality of the coffee beans… Intense rains over-hydrate the cherries, ripening them at irregular intervals and affecting their quality.”
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Various tools in La Venta Estate Coffee’s dryer. Credit: Daniel Luna
5. pH Meter & Thermometer
Many producers use fermentation to alter their coffee, and when the process is successful, it can enhance a coffee’s best attributes. By understanding and controlling the reactions that occur during fermentation, you could better develop modulate a coffee’s sensory impression.
When managing fermentation, a pHmeter and a thermometer are useful. PH indicates the acidity in a solution, and during Arabica coffee’s natural fermentation, a decrease in pH has been well documented. During dry fermentation, controlling temperatures can also be a challenge, as temperature affects fermentation rates, and can negatively affect a coffee’s consistency and flavour.
Research undertaken by Cenicafé into the development of controlled fermentation processes and how it adds value to coffee quality, states that “with the same variety and origin of coffee it is possible to obtain different coffee flavours through controlled fermentations”.
Wilfredo has used a pH Meter to establish the right time to wash his coffee, which traditionally uses water to wash off mucilage after the coffee has been fermented over time, and before it is dried. He says, “I now know that when the pH is around 3.7 or 3.9 it’s time to stop the fermentation process and wash the coffee.”
A teenager walks towards a stable in Timaná, Huila, Colombia. Credit: Daniel Cortés
Innovation and applied science can lead to better coffee quality and, therefore, more income for producers. However, investing in some of these tools can often be costly, and some might require training for producers to fully understand their uses and benefits.
One way that this can be achieved is through assistance from government programs, investments from private institutions, and commitment from international buyers and green coffee importers in coffee producing countries.
Producers should consider reaching out to the businesses that they partner with to see who’d be willing to support this kind of investment. With such tools offering all the improvements to production quality listed above, it’s something that will benefit everyone.
Enjoyed this? Then read A Coffee Producer’s Guide to Negotiating
Written by Daniel Cortés. Feature photo caption: A producer uses a moisture tester to check the humidity levels of his coffee. Feature photo credit: Daniel Cortés
Perfect Daily Grind
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Where to get your kids vaxxed in NW Arkansas
COVID-19 vaccines are newly available for children ages 5–11. The doses are smaller than the vaccines for people 12 and older.
Threat level: COVID-19 cases in children can result in hospitalizations, deaths, inflammatory syndromes and long-term complications, according to the CDC.
- During a six-week period in late June to mid-August as the Delta variant spread, COVID-19 hospitalizations among children and adolescents increased fivefold.
Context: Jose Romero, the state's health secretary, said last week Arkansas would receive nearly 110,000 doses for kids ages 5–11. He expects this amount will be enough to meet the initial demand.
Of note: This is not a comprehensive list of where you can get your child vaccinated in NWA. It doesn’t hurt to check with your child’s pediatrician or pharmacy.
Where kids can get vaccinated:
Arkansas Department of Health
- Various locations. Make an appointment here. The state is also hosting vaccine clinics with no appointment necessary for kids ages 5–11 at all local county health units today and tomorrow. They'll have extended hours until 6pm.
- Rogers clinic at 1233 W. Poplar St. and at the mobile health unit behind the Springdale clinic at 610 E. Emma Ave. Walk-ins are welcome.
- 4600 Mercy Lane in Springdale. Make an appointment here.
Arkansas Children's Northwest
- For existing patients only. 2601 Gene George Blvd., in Springdale. Call 479-725-6995 for an appointment.
Medical Associates of Northwest Arkansas
- For existing patients only. Northwest Arkansas Pediatrics in Fayetteville and Rogers and most MANA Family Medicine clinics.
- Hours are 3-5:30pm on weekdays. Find the clinic at 1100 N. Woosley Ave. in Fayetteville. Walk-ins welcome. More info here.
Editor's note: We'll continue updating this guide as more vaccine options are available for children. We last updated it at 10am on Nov. 9.
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This talk explores how lost performance traditions of the past carried forward and bequeathed attitudes of the older world long after the performances themselves ceased. The archiving impulse of performance endured longer than the form itself and continues to shape cultural notions of identity; we know this from familiar tropes, like black-face minstrel shows of the 19th century, still emitting toxic notions of race a century after the form was discontinued. This talk will trace the long history of an older, equally toxic memory that performance preserved: Crusader cannibalism.
Professor Odai Johnson is a widely published historian of past performance traditions. His most recent book is Ruins: Classical Theatre and Broken Memory (2018). This talk is from his current book project, The Size of All That's Missing: Lost Performance and Deep Culture Memory.
Meeting ID: 962 6592 7457
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In this article, I’ll show you how to implement an animation of the camera moving in space in Unity using PlayMaker and upload it to STYLY. If you can understand the flow of this article, you can create an animation that looks like the following
At the end of this article, I’ve attached a Unity package for camera detection for those with time constraints and already understand how Playmaker works.
That Unity package allows you to easily create features like moving and rotating the camera, as described in this article.
You can experience “REM” in VR, which is an evolution of the camera movement function from STYLY GALLERY.
Import Playmaker (paid).
Once you’ve imported Playmaker, open a new project in Unity and install PlayMaker.
The Asset named iTween used this time is mentioned here but is not included in PlayMaker version 1.9 or later, it is necessary to import iTween manually.
If you are using a PlayMaker version anterior to v1.9, you can skip the following “Import of iTween (direction of using PlayMaker 1.9 or later)” because it is included when you install PlayMaker. You can check if iTween is included or not from the Assets in the Project window.
If you don’t see iTween in Assets, you need to import it, so read the next chapter to import it.
Importing iTween (for users with PlayMaker 1.9 or later)
First, import iTween in the Asset.https://assetstore.unity.com/packages/tools/animation/itween-84
Click on “Add to My Assets” and you will be prompted to enter your Unity account information and sign in with your email address and password.
Check out Unity’s Asset Store. Make sure that iTween is installed from “My Assets” under “Asset Store” and click “Import”.
Next, go to “PlayMaker” in the menu bar and select “Welcome Screen”.
Next, click on “Add-Ons”.
Click on “Import iTween Support” at the bottom and select “Yes” once an alert is displayed to start importing.
Check Assets in the Project window. iTween should be in the PlayMaker folder.
Settings to support various headsets.
In this article, we will create an animation that moves the camera between two blocks, as shown below.
Create two cubes in the Hierarchy window with Create and name them “block1” and “block2” respectively. The settings in the Inspector view of block1 and block2 should be as shown in the following image.
Next, in the Hierarchy window, right-click on CreateEmpty and name the object “CameraController”.
This CameraController is the object used to run the camera.
Create one more “Cube_target” in CreateEmpty. The setting of the Inspector view of Cube_target will be explained later with the purpose, so please skip it for now.
With CameraController selected, click [PlayMaker] and [PlayMaker Editor] in the menu bar.
In PlayMaker, right-click on “Add State”.
Add a variable in the Variables tab.
Set the name of the variable to “camera” and the type of the variable to “Game Object” and click “Add”.
Next, in the Events tab, enter “CHECK_CAMERA_NEXT” and add it with the Enter key.
Once the event is created, select “Add Transitions” – CHECK_CAMERA_NEXT.
Similarly, FINISHED should be added under “Add Transitions”.
Then rename State1 to “Check VIVE”.
Next, from the Action Browser on the Status tab, add two actions, “Find Game Object” and “Game Object Is Null”.
The settings for each action should be as shown in the image below.
This completes the configuration of Check VIVE.
Check “VIVE” but with this setting, not only VIVE but also Oculus Go&Quest and Mirage Solo will work.
Next, create a new state, change the state name to “Check Studio” and add a “FINISHED” transition.
Add “Get Main Camera” from the Action Browser on the Status tab.
Store the camera in the Store Game Object.
Connect to Check WebEditor from “CHECK_CAMERA_NEXT” of Check VIVE with the arrow.
Now, if the headset is not detected, it will go to WebEditor.
The next step is to implement the animation that moves the camera.
Settings for moving the camera
Add a new “Move State” state.
Add an “iTween Move to” action on the Status tab.
This iTween Move to is the action to add the animation. Please configure the iTween Move to as follows.
Here, we briefly explain the meaning and purpose of each of the iTween Move to settings, which are particularly important.
|Game Object||The GameObject to add movement to.|
|Transform Position||Move the GameObject.|
|Time||Time for the animation to complete.|
|Delay||Time to wait for the animation before starting.|
|Speed||This can be used as the speed of the GameObject instead of the time specified in Speed Time. If you define a speed, the Time variable is ignored|
|Ease Type||Easing curve trajectories applied to Ease Type animation.|
|Loop Type||The type of loop to apply after the animation is complete.|
|Move To Path||Whether to automatically generate a curve from the current position of the Move To Path GameObject to the beginning of the path. True by default.|
|Look Ahead||To show how strictly Look Ahead Orient To Path is affected, what percentage (0 to 1) is shown on the path.|
|Start Event||The event to be fired when the iTween is started.|
|Finish Event||The event to be fired when the iTween is finished.|
|Stop On Exit||When the current state is finished, stop the iTween.|
|Loop Dont Finish||Set whether the looping iTween will send anexit event or not.
So, in order to move the camera between the two blocks, we need to place the Cube target between the two blocks as seen from the main camera.
Let’s also set up the Inspector view of Cube_Target, while confirming the settings in the Inspector view of block1 and block mentioned above.
The author set it up like this.
Once the configuration is complete, connect the five states of Check with the arrows to “Move State”.
Let’s save it and run the Scene.
You were able to move it so that it passed between the two blocks. You are now set up with PlayMaker.
Upload and place on STYLY
Download and import the UnityPlugin from STYLY’s Download site.
Refer to the download site for the initial settings of UnityPlugin. In order to upload the “Camera Controller” object to STYLY, it needs to be a Prefab. Please store block1, block2, and Cube_target in CameraController.
Create a Prefab in the Project view using Create→Prefab and insert the Camera Controller object in the Hierarchy window by dragging and dropping it there.
Right-click on Camera Controller Prefab→STYLY→Upload prefab or scene to STYLY.
After a while, the Upload Success pop-up will appear.
Open the STYLY Studio in your browser and open the 3D Model > My Models tab in your asset selection to see your uploaded assets.
Click on it to place it in the Scene.
If you feel sick while wearing the headset, please take off the headset immediately and take a rest, because you will get VR sickness if you are not careful about moving the camera.
That’s the end of how to implement the camera moving animation in PlayMaker and upload it to STYLY.
Once you understand the flow of this article, you’ll be able to achieve It’s a Small World-like camerawork on your own, so give it a try.
Unity package for camera detection
The camera detection feature described above is shared with the Unity package. You can download it from the link.
If you want to create a function to detect the camera, such as moving or rotating the camera, we will explain how to use it.
Open Unity and go to the menu bar, “Assets”, “Import Package”, “Custom Package” and wash the Unity package you just downloaded.
You will see the contents of the Unity package (2 items), so make sure both items are checked before importing.
You’ll see the imported Unity package in the Project view, so open the “Move Template” scene.
The “CameraCotroller” is supposed to have PlayMaker, but I haven’t imported PlaMaker into my Unity project yet, so I’m going to import PlayMaker and iTween.
Before importing PlayMaker, it is set to “Nothing Selected” and no objects are selected as shown in the image below.
Follow the article above to import PlayMaker and iTween.
The procedure for importing is exactly the same.
An object has been selected for the CameraController.
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I attended the Global Leadership Summit last week. I sometimes forget how important it is to break-away and think very intentionally about your leadership and what you can do to be better. It was a good two days and learning an improving.
One of the sessions was with John Maxwell. John Maxwell has been around for a long time teaching us about leadership. In this session he mentioned that one piece of advice that he received that really helped him was that if he wanted to become strong in an area, he should focus on studying it for an hour every day for 5 years. John said that he put this into practice, and that is how he started his journey into leadership. Because he gave it an hour every day for 5 years.
I did the math, and an hour a day for 5 years is 1825 hours. (365days x 5years.) This means that if you learn for an hour a day on a topic for 5 years, after five years you will have spent the equivalent of almost a full-time year of work on learning. This is pretty impressive. I am also sure that if you were learning for an hour a day, your other activities and focuses would also start to gravitate towards the same topic. There would be a natural gravitation towards the subject that you are studying.
There are two keys to being successful in learning in the way that John Maxwell suggests:
- Discipline. You have to commit to learning about the topic for an hour every day. And you have to be willing to do it for a very, very, long period of time (5 years is an eternity. Think about where you were 5 years ago, and where you are today.)
- Focus. You have to commit to learning about one topic for 5 years. This isn’t about watching various youtube videos and Ted Talks that suit your flavour-of-the-day. This is about spending dedicated time on one subject each and every day.
John’s advice is good. But I’m not going to say that it is easy. I would love the benefit of 1825 hours of study on one topic, but I don’t know if I have the discipline or the focus. I want to study business, and become very effective at it. If I want that I will have to put in the time. Will I be able to do it? I guess it will just depend on how badly I want it. My actions in the next 5 years will describe my commitment to what I say that I want. | <urn:uuid:eb444231-67b5-4be6-ba69-a277f1a28b93> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fortyfour-three.com/grow-every-day/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.987154 | 516 | 1.875 | 2 |
Is It Better To Trademark A Name Or Logo?
Most businesses need to trademark both their business name and logo. They are the cornerstones of almost every brand. If you plan on being in business for any amount of time, you’ll be building a brand. You need to trademark your name and logo because they represent your brand.
Can a business trademark the name of its logo?
There are a few reasons that a business might opt not to trademark its logo. If your company logo is a standard character mark, the wording must be specific. Generic or broad words aren't eligible for trademark protection. One example of this might be a business called "The Barber Shop."
How can I protect my logo without a trademark?
Without a registered trademark, your company doesn't have the legal ability to protect your design. Furthermore, if the other business files an application on their design first, it's likely that they will receive the trademark protection. It's difficult to prove which company was using a logo first.
Do you have the right to use a trademark?
Companies do have some protection under common law trademark rights. These rights are given through regular business use of a logo or other symbol. But if the mark in question violates a trademark held by another person or business, the trademark rights hold up over common law trademark rights.
Why is it important to trademark a word or phrase?
The standard character mark for the word or phrase (text only) Filing multiple applications protects your logo in all forms so you can use it freely. It's also important to note that trademark protection restricts another person or company from using a similar mark that causes confusion among consumers.
Perry (who was hired in 1959 as the first front office hire) commissioned an unknown Berkeley artist and asked that a logo be created which included a helmeted man with an eye-patch, with the firm chin of a Randolph Scott, a well known Western film actor. The new owners had their newly minted Raiders logo, a pirate wearing a football helmet with an eye patch on a gold football background with two white swords in black trim with gold handles crossed behind the football.
Meilleur créateur de logo pour votre entreprise. Logos uniques, prix corrects.
In the 1930s the logo had a striped, lengthy, and horizontal bar which held the name Volvo. In 1959, the company opted for a simpler design which contained a shorter horizontal bar and outline of the arrowed circle. In 1970, Volvo updated their emblem to the version we still see today.
The U.S. Olympic Team logo — worn on all official team clothing, including the swimmers' podium outfits — features an American flag with only 13 stars. But it's not a dig at you, Illinois.
The Original Coach Logo Before Bonnie Cashin joined Coach in 1961, the company traded without a logo. But Cashin, a woman who’s widely regarded as one of the pioneers of mid twentieth century ready-to-wear sportswear, knew the power of a good emblem.
Purple & Green Logos. Purple and green logos evoke feelings of warmth, playfulness, and ambition. The FedEx Ground logo is a great example of a company that uses this logo color combination. Since purple and green both share a common primary color of blue, there is a sense of continuity between the two hues.
red, letter, pixels, x. NASA. red, apollo, worm. Nike. red, ellips, swoosh. Adobe. red, a, letter, square, whitespace. Vodafone. red, balloon, circle, punctuation, quote.
The company’s visual history continued with a concise Packman logo authored by Scott Baker. A slash between the letters “О” and “S” evoked instant associations with speed and growth. The late 90s and early 00s were the heyday of the IT giant, with its low-key logo making the list of the world’s top graphic symbols.
The Patagonia logo is a stylized version of the mountain Monte Fitz Roy (also known as Cerro Chaltén, Cerro Fitz Roy, or simply Mount Fitz Roy). It is located near El …
The lion logo has been a staple of the Anne Klein brand since its inception in 1968. The lion logo is a tribute to Anne Klein’s birth sign the Leo, which Klein viewed as a symbol of strength for women. The lion logo along with the lion mane print and gold hues can be found across all categories, including apparel, footwear and accessories.
The idea of Volcom emblem or aka the “Stone Logo” is actually derived from the support of freedom and youth audience. In a simple sentence to understand, the “stone …
When did Stanford Add tree to logo? The Stanford Tree, which began life as a spoof on mascots by the Stanford Band, made its first appearance during a Big Game halftime program in 1975. The Tree proved popular with students and Cardinal fans alike – and the rest, as they say, is history. What kind of tree is Stanford’s logo?
MSW LOGO COMMANDS Command Description Example FD Moves turtle forward FD 100 BK Moves turtle backward BK 100 Right or RT Turns the head of the turtle to the right RT …
6,869 CC logo stock photos, vectors, and illustrations are available royalty-free. See CC logo stock video clips. of 69. monogram cccccc logotypeletter cc …
The logo was designed by Jerry Dior in 1968, as MLB was getting ready to celebrate the centennial of professional baseball the next year. It would make sense if Killebrew was the inspiration for the logo at this time: "Killer" was coming off a 44-home run season when he finished second in the American League in MVP voting in 1967.
In 1952 Chelsea used a Monogram as their temporary Logo while the new Logo was being created. Although it was just used for one year, I still chose to include one as that year was very important with Ted Drake taking over as a Manager and making everything more professional.
The meaning of the Starbucks logo The original version of the logo featured a bare-breasted siren who represented the allure of the sea. According to Mashed, it was a simple marketing strategy. Just as mythological sirens lured sailors to their domains, the image of the sea witch was intended to draw people into the shop to purchase coffee.
Red Cross logo. The emblem of a red cross with arms of equal length on a white background is the visible sign of protection under the 1949 Geneva Conventions. As such, it is the emblem of the armed forces’ medical services. The Red Cross logo was designed by Henri Dunant in 1863. In order to avoid “semantic noise,” the International Red Cross uses ...
Salesforce.com is an American cloud computing company founded in 1999 and headquartered in San Francisco, California. The font used for the Salesforce logo is very similar to Aller Regular/Italic. Aller is a sans serif font family designed by Dalton Maag. The font family includes three roman styles, ranging from light to bold, with matching ...
FONTS USED FOR "THE OFFICE" LOGOS... Here's a graphic I made showing which fonts are used in The Office sign from the title sequence, and the Dunder Mifflin logo: And yes, a plug for my tiny little Yahoo Group! Subscribe. | <urn:uuid:22fe5af6-f63e-4bed-a369-c0ed4ba60acc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://validsense.com/328457/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.946191 | 1,563 | 1.601563 | 2 |
My sister struggled with chronic acne problems for years.
It started when she was in middle school and my parents bought her the basic products you find at most stores.
But the astringent and the acne creams were not helping in the least bit. They started buying the three-course acne treatment that you see marketed by a number of different major companies, some on TV. It was a huge improvement from using astringent and cheap acne cream, and it gave her more confidence as a result. It wasn’t a perfect treatment, but it was better than the alternatives at the time. This is why it’s so important to have options for people struggling with chronic acne, as some people are resistant to the best treatments available. There are some that don’t see improvement with the three-course treatments, even if they’re bought from the best sources. It’s amazing to see researchers studying the wide medical benefits of minor cannabinoids other than THC and CBD. Many people have read about cannabinol (CBN) and cannabigerol (CBG), but few know about the cannabinoid known as cannabichromene (CBC). CBC has been studied since the 1960s and is showing potential as a pain reducer like its sister cannabinoid, CBD. They activate the body’s natural endocannabinoid response which dulls pain receptors throughout the body. But scientists are also looking at CBC’s effects on acne. CBC has anti-inflammatory effects capable of suppressing the sebaceous glands that produce acne. This would be a huge step forward for medical acne treatment. People like my sister need more options for acne than what is already on the market and readily available at grocery stores and pharmacies. | <urn:uuid:43531e77-edc4-481e-8824-8068d83ffaf6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://onlinemedicalmarijuanashop.com/2021/07/cbc-could-be-used-to-treat-acne/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.977183 | 354 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Bill directs Department of Veteran Affairs to cover boxing therapy for veterans with movement disorders
Congressman Brian Higgins, D-NY-26, joined local veterans Monday to announce the Boxing Therapy for Parkinson’s Access Act of 2022 (H.R. 6774). The bipartisan bill, introduced by Higgins and Congressman Darin LaHood (R-IL-18), directs the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs to provide coverage for boxing-based therapy classes to veterans diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders.
“Many veterans in Western New York and across the country struggle to manage Parkinson’s diseases and similar movement disorders, while maintaining an independent and mobile lifestyle,” Higgins said. “Boxing can provide veterans and other patients with an innovative form of physical therapy that can slow the progress of the disease and improve their quality of life. Currently, it is not covered under VA benefits. The Boxing Therapy for Parkinson’s Access Act will ensure that all veterans have access to this therapy to help them reclaim their lives from Parkinson’s disease.”
“It didn’t take long for Congressman Higgins to go to work on the PD issue,” said former Congressman Jack Quinn. “My brother, Jeff, and I showed him a 15-minute video, at lunch, in the Capitol. Just a few months later, here he is with bipartisan legislation to help provide hope for thousands of our veterans. Special thanks to Congressman Darin LaHood, son of Secretary Ray LaHood, for recognizing the nonpartisan nature of this important legislation.”
Higgins’ team said, “Parkinson’s disease impacts about 930,000 Americans, including approximately 110,000 veterans. This disease takes a considerable toll on patients, caregivers and the health care system. Each year, it costs the United States economy about $52 billion in care, Social Security Disability Insurance payments, and lost income.”
“Boxing therapy is a game-changer for people with Parkinson’s disease,” said U.S. Marine (Ret.) Dr. Patrick Welch, a Vietnam War veteran and Purple Heart recipient. “This exercise program has been proven to greatly improve a person's quality of life.”
Higgins’ team added, “Medication alone is often not enough to treat symptoms and slow the progression of Parkinson’s. Exercise is widely recognized as an important tool in preventing and treating this disease. The Parkinson’s Foundation undertook a Parkinson’s outcomes project, which assessed the impact that exercise has on Parkinson’s patients. The results indicate that regular exercise is associated with improved mobility and better quality of life. The VA’s ‘Parkinson’s Disease Program and Clinical Guide’ acknowledges this, as well, and emphasizes the long-term effectiveness of the treatment.”
Tom Guttuso Jr., M.D., professor of neurology at the University at Buffalo and co-director of the Movement Disorder Center, said, “Several studies have demonstrated the benefits of PD boxing for patients’ gait and balance. But, when I see a patient walk into my office who used to be confined to a wheelchair prior to starting PD boxing, that really makes me a believer. Patients are excited about PD, boxing because they see such rapid benefits in their lives.”
Higgins has been advocating for increased access to boxing classes as a form of physical therapy for veterans battling Parkinson’s disease for over two years. Discussions began with Jack and Jeff Quinn, who have both personally benefited from participation in boxing classes designed to help people with Parkinson’s disease.
In 2020, Higgins sent a letter to then-VA Secretary Wilkie urging the VA to cover boxing classes for veterans with Parkinson’s, as well as to then-HHS Secretary Azar urging the department to dedicate funding toward research on the effects of boxing on Parkinson’s and how it can be incorporated into existing Parkinson’s treatment programs. In May 2021, Higgins testified before the House Veteran Affairs Committee on the effectiveness of boxing for combatting Parkinson’s disease, and advocated for VA coverage.
“The Parkinson’s Foundation has identified, through its research, that 2.5 hours of moderate to vigorous exercise per week can improve the quality of life for someone with Parkinson’s disease,” said Christopher C. Jamele, development director for the Parkinson’s Foundation New York & New Jersey Chapter. “We recognize the value that Parkinson’s boxing provides to the Parkinson’s community, and we look forward to more people, including our veterans, having the opportunity to engage with the program.”
Parkinson’s Boxing is a Western New York gym exclusively dedicated to helping people with Parkinson’s disease improve their physical and mental acuity. Higgins recently met with veterans who are taking part in a Parkinson’s boxing pilot program through the VA to discuss how the program was providing significant results that are improving their mobility and helping them live more independently. The boxing program regularly reported data on progress of program participants back to the VA, as advocacy efforts for full coverage continue.
“Exercise has many benefits for people with Parkinson's, such as improving balance, walking ability, mood and sleep. Some evidence shows it may even slow disease progression overall,” said Rachel Dolhun, M.D., senior vice president of medical communications at The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research. "We hear often from the Parkinson's community that boxing has a powerful impact on both physical and mental health. We're supportive of coverage for these programs for the veteran population and grateful to these representatives for their leadership of this bill."
The legislation is supported by The Michael J. Fox Foundation and Vietnam Veterans of America. Currently referred to the House Committee on Veterans’ Affairs Subcommittee on Health, the bill must be voted first out of the committee, then brought to the floor for a vote in the House before to can move to the Senate for consideration. | <urn:uuid:427188df-675d-4158-8b07-55babc659f70> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wnypapers.com/news/article/current/2022/05/02/150772/higgins-announces-boxing-therapy-for-parkinsons-access-act-of-2022 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.951352 | 1,263 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Mariale Hardiman, standing, convened with educators at a recent Brain-Targeted Teaching workshop.
Using art as a pedagogical tool in teaching math, science and other subjects—known as arts integration—is showing promise for enabling low-performing students to learn and retain academic content, asserted Vice Dean Mariale Hardiman at a conference in Valencia, Spain, on Mobile Brain-Body Imaging and the Neuroscience of Art, Innovation and Creativity.
In her presentation, “How Can the Arts and Neuroscience Describe and Promote the Processes of Learning and Creativity in K-12 and Higher Education?,” she explained that participation in the arts should become a central component of schooling since research suggests that it can be a significant factor in improving academic outcomes.
To expand on a growing body of correlational research, Hardiman and her research team at the Johns Hopkins School of Education conducted randomized control trials to test the efficacy of arts-integrated science units compared with conventional science units. They designed treatment and control units using the same science content, and designed arts activities that would require the same amount of teaching time as in conventional lessons.
Delayed post-tests results showed an advantage for arts-integrated teaching for students’ long-term retention of science content. That increase in retention in the arts-integrated units was especially strong for students at the lowest levels of reading achievement.
“We believe that the arts provide another vehicle for students with limited language or lower academic skills to demonstrate mastery of academic content,” said Hardiman.
The conference, sponsored by the University of Houston’s Cullen College of Engineering, attracted artists, scientists, engineers, medical professionals, educators and technologists who discussed ways of developing methods for how brain activity can be measured as it relates to emotions, aesthetics, innovation, sensory experiences, STEAM education and art therapy.
“My interest is in memory—the instructional strategies that help children remember information more effectively,” she said. “Research suggests that students retain only about 50 percent of what they’ve been taught after one to two years.”
She said her team’s studies provide some preliminary causal connections between arts-integrated learning and memory for content, and that the findings also raise some interesting questions about whether learning through the arts transfers residual benefits, such as increased engagement in learning tasks and general thinking dispositions.
“We observed that students who experienced the arts-integrated units first performed significantly better in subsequent conventional units compared with students who had not yet experienced the arts-integrated units,” she said. “That made us wonder if students who were taught using arts-integrated instruction may have later applied arts-based strategies, even when not taught through the arts.”
Hardiman and her colleagues Amy Shelton, associate dean for research; Jonathan Plucker, the Julian C. Stanley Endowed Professor of Talent Development; Stephen Pape, professor of education; and Ranjini JohnBull, assistant professor of education, have submitted a $3 million grant proposal to the Institute for Education Sciences to explore “The Effects of Arts-Integrated Instruction on Students’ Retention of Content, Creative Problem Solving, and Arts Skills and Conceptual Competencies.”
“Through the Neuro-Education Initiative and our collaborations with the Science of Learning, we’re exploring research that can help educators understand how students learn and how findings can inform instructional practice,” said Hardiman. “What’s the most effective pedagogy for imparting content, skills and concepts that students need to know and then apply in creative problem-solving tasks? If the arts can be an answer to that, it’s worth researching.” | <urn:uuid:b0e576d0-de9f-46f2-ba7a-bf90192fe291> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://education.jhu.edu/2017/11/arts-integration-promising-struggling-students-hardiman-says-spain-conference/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.945856 | 775 | 3.3125 | 3 |
I really wanted to title this “Jane Austen is Spinning in her Grave,” but it seemed entirely too undignified an image for a lady whose sense of the ridiculous never veered into vulgarity.
Imagine being a witty woman who lives in a smug, hypocritical, and self-deluded social world, who discreetly pens novels detailing the absurdity of all she sees. And then imagine a batch of smug, hypocritical, self-deluded readers 200 years later taking all those lovingly crafted, hilarious moments, and completely misunderstanding them. Because it’s dollars to doughnuts that is what’s happening all over again with Jane Austen. And now, not with just her literary works, but with her personal life.
There’s a brand new movie out, “Becoming Jane,” [[Spoiler Alert]] which purports to tell the story of Jane Austen’s youthful brush with romance. But they made up the details. It’s based on the fact (confirmed by an existing letter she wrote to her sister) that one night at a party, Jane Austen danced with a certain gentleman a bit longer than convention dictated. She apparently hit it off with law student Tom LeFroy. But she was poor, and he was poor, at least, poor enough that neither had money with which to support a separate household, regardless of how genteel their day-to-day circumstances. Back then, the lack of an independent income meant any future together was impossible. Or might be postponed indefinitely, which was just as good as impossible. So, they did not get engaged, and they did not marry.
Maybe in real life they just danced a few times and had fun chatting now and then while he was visiting his relatives in the neighborhood. Or maybe there was more to it. In the movie, they have both irksome and flirtatious encounters, often pregnant with suppressed attraction. They fall in love. And they even kiss and openly plan to marry. But Tom’s future is under the direction of a stern uncle/patron, whose allowance also supports Tom’s family back home in Ireland. Once she realizes that eloping with Tom will doom his entire family, not just Tom and her, to poverty, Jane declines him. About 95% of all Hollywood movies would have gone for an historically inaccurate but happy ending. This movie does not. In fact, it even goes so far as to show the Jane character 15 or 20 years later, an old maid with graying hair, dressed in an unbecoming gown, meeting her married true love again. She even wears the same gown that the real Jane Austen wore in the one portrait of her known to be genuine. (But the real Jane, being plumper, looked right in it. This Jane, being the usual waiflike Hollywood actress, was swimming in the unflattering costume.) The story ends without a marriage, just as Jane Austen’s life did. That should count for something, shouldn’t it?
I guess. There are so many little period social inaccuracies and so many bits of trite conversational shorthand to move the melodramatic plot along. Yes, of course Maggie Smith’s noble lady in this movie could easily be the model for the smugly inane Lady Catherine de Bourgh in Pride and Prejudice. But nothing is subtle in this faux romance. Nothing is particularly humorous, either. I think the real Jane Austen would be disappointed at the lack of wit. And she might be outraged to learn that in this movie some of her best-known literary bon mots were first uttered by other people, thus suggesting that as a writer, she was more a copier than an inventor. Which is nonsense. The main idea one takes from the movie is that in order to become Jane Austen the wonderful writer, Jane Austen the person had to suffer a doomed love affair. Pretty much the same theme as in the opera “Tales of Hoffman,” but without the glorious, enriching music. It’s not unusual to go for the most obvious and romantic interpretation of a life. But what happened to Jane Austen the funny, funny writer? She’s almost entirely missing from “Becoming Jane.” I left the theater thinking that once again, Hollywood has settled for a simple theme about true love denied, instead of going for what is more difficult yet more accurate, the complex portrayal of a complex person. And a funny one. Sitting around the stuffy ballrooms of Regency society trading quips with the real Jane Austen would have been delicious, naughty fun. Too bad that Jane is a pale shadow in this movie. | <urn:uuid:bc030e49-676a-48b6-a5a3-da7371b36cc0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://myromancestory.com/unbecoming-jane-austen/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.972561 | 975 | 1.773438 | 2 |
“Happiness does not come with happenings. Happiness comes with habits.” – Rick Warren
I heard this in a recent speech and it resonated with my experience and with what I have observed.
As a younger man, I would place great weight on certain material achievements and accomplishments. Then, as I accomplished them (a happening), I noticed how quickly the pleasure of the accomplishment would evaporate.
As life seasons me, I find myself getting satisfaction from the processes of learning, helping, serving, teaching and loving. They are becoming habits that bear fruit. I look forward to repeating them. They mean more than silver and gold. | <urn:uuid:fcd57888-2801-49d2-92c2-7f530fe9f1a3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hqnotes.com/happiness-comes-with-habits/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.98124 | 132 | 1.523438 | 2 |
For centuries, shea butter has been used as a beauty ingredient, and till at the moment it’s a vital part in many of the skincare and haircare merchandise. Extracted from the nuts of shea timber in West (*5*), the butter is off-white, yellow, or ivory in coloration and is wealthy in nutritional vitamins and fatty acids. Unlike what many would assume on the look of it, the consistency of shea butter is straightforward to unfold and melts at physique temperature. Shea butter has myriads of advantages which makes it an incredible conditioning, moisturizing, and soothing product. Here is why it is advisable to make it a magnificence and skincare staple.
1. Shea butter is a superb moisturizer for pores and skin and hair. It is right for dry and boring pores and skin because it helps retain and lock the moisture by forming a protecting barrier on the floor of the pores and skin. Shea butter additionally helps your hair from breakage, moisturizes the scalp, and may cut back dandruff.
2. It received’t make the pores and skin oily. Unlike coconut oil, shea butter is not going to clog your pores or make your pores and skin oily. The linoleic, oleic, and stearic acids are simply absorbed into the pores and skin and received’t go away any oily residues.
3. Shea butter has soothing and anti inflammatory properties. If you undergo from pores and skin circumstances comparable to eczema, shea butter will assist soothe your pores and skin and cut back irritation and irritation. The fast absorption into the pores and skin will give a sense of reduction faster than you assume.
4. It heals scars and reduces the looks of stretch marks. Shea butter is normally present in scar-healing merchandise as a result of the fatty acids content material in it softens the scar tissue and helps pace up the therapeutic course of. Shea butter can be the bottom of ointments and lotions used to deal with stretch marks as a result of it restores the pores and skin’s elasticity and improves collagen manufacturing.
5. Shea butter has ant-aging properties and reduces the looks of wrinkles and effective traces. Vitamin A and E present in shea butter nourish the pores and skin and hold it supple, plumped, and radiant. The anti-aging properties and antioxidants present in shea butter forestall untimely pores and skin ageing and cut back the looks of effective traces. | <urn:uuid:e82a29b3-414f-4ae1-aea8-63ac44f56756> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://beautynews.uk/2021/09/5-reasons-why-shea-butter-should-be-your-go-to-beauty-potion/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.922635 | 558 | 1.765625 | 2 |
|Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson (photo credit: World Wrestling Entertainment)|
[Also, “shackles” should be hackles. Thanks to Chris H. for pointing this out in the comment section.]
- On Forcing Your Religion via Canada’s Transgender Rights Bill. (I don't mean to brag, but this article won a prize in an op-ed contest on freedom of speech over at Political Animal Magazine, which is, as far as I can tell, not a conservative publication.)
- Canada's Transgender Rights Bill Is Incoherent—And That's a Concern.
- Transgender Preferred Pronouns?
About the question of transgenders and bathrooms, see this article:
- a man claiming to be a woman pummels an actual woman to win a women's mixed martial arts event
- a man claiming to be a woman wins first place in a women's cycling competition
- a man claiming to be a woman wins a women's weight-lifting competition
- a boy claiming to be a girl dominates a girls' track-and-field event
- various men claiming to be women prefer to use women's change spaces, showers, toilets
- a man claiming to be a six-year-old girl likes the reduced responsibilities associated with being a little girl instead of an adult man
- a man claiming to be a woman gets moved to a women's detention centre
- a man claiming to be a woman goes into a women's shelter
- a man claiming to be a woman wins a beauty pageant
- more and more teens seem to see what some researchers have called “rapid-onset gender dysphoria” as a means to gain social status in an identity-politics peer culture (some researchers have described this as a “social contagion”)
- For help for those who struggle with sexuality issues, see the websites for Journey Canada or Living Out or Restored Hope Network.
- For a look at some science-based arguments that question the wisdom of promoting sex (heterosexual sex as well as non-heterosexual sex) at an early age, see Miriam Grossman's book, You're Teaching My Child WHAT? A Physician Exposes the Lies of Sex-Ed and How They Harm Your Child.
- For a careful philosophical as well as scientific look at the transgender issue, see Ryan T. Anderson's book, When Harry Became Sally: Responding to the Transgender Moment. Plus see this 59 minute video which, refreshingly, shows pros AND cons concerning the transgender issue: Transgender Kids: Who Knows Best? Also see Gender Dysphoria in Children: Understanding the Science and Medicine, which is a video discussion (1 hour, 8 minutes) with Michelle Cretella, MD (President, American College of Pediatricians), Paul Hruz, MD, PhD (Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine), and Allan Josephson, MD (Professor and Division Chief, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Louisville), hosted by Ryan T. Anderson, PhD (Senior Research Fellow in American Principles and Public Policy, Heritage Foundation). See also the American College of Pediatricians' document Gender Ideology Harms Children. For a gay man's argument against banning conversion therapy for transgender children, see Marcus Gregory's article, “How Conversion Therapy Bans Will Trap Transgender Children.”
- For testimonies of former transgender people, see the DVD Tranzformed: Finding Peace with Your God-given Gender.
- On the Bible and the transgender issue, see Andrew T. Walker's book, God and the Transgender Debate: What Does the Bible Actually Say about Gender Identity? | <urn:uuid:cb62bd52-a40e-45cb-9949-c9f51c72ac52> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://apologiabyhendrikvanderbreggen.blogspot.com/2018/12/smack-down.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.901007 | 766 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Photo Credit: Photo by Robson Hatsukami Morgan on Unsplash
Essence Fest, Jazz Fest & More Cancelled After New Orleans Mayor Suggests No Large Events Until 2021
ESSENCE Festival has officially been canceled for 2020.
The news comes after New Orleans Mayor Latoya Cantrell’s recommendation that big events, including Jazz Fest, French Quarter Fest, and Essence Festival, be postponed to 2021 in an effort to stop the spread of the coronavirus.
Cantrell confirmed that she’s been in talks with coordinators of those large events and says there’s more that will come about in the future.
She added that it is not only New Orleans and Louisiana to consider, but also tourists from neighboring states and around the country.
So far, Jazz Fest is postponed until Fall and French Quarter Fest has postponed until October – but all this could change in light of the mayor’s recent recommendation.
Organizers with the ESSENCE festival released the following statement:
“After continued monitoring of the evolving developments in the COVID-19 global pandemic and remaining in close contact and collaboration with our partners in the City of New Orleans and the State of Louisiana, we are confirming today that we will no longer move forward with the 2020 ESSENCE Festival of Culture live experience – and look forward to returning to New Orleans in 2021.”
“We are confirming today that we will no longer move forward with the 2020 ESSENCE Festival of Culture live experience – and look forward to returning to New Orleans in 2021.” #EssenceFest https://t.co/4GIuk3aYaV— ESSENCE Festival (@essencefest) April 15, 2020
Recently, New Orleans and Louisiana officials have come under intense scrutiny as the number of coronavirus cases increases throughout the region.
The mayor of New Orleans told CBS News that she would have canceled the city’s famous Mardi Gras celebrations in February if the federal government had been clearer about the dangers posed by the novel coronavirus.
The coronavirus is reportedly killing residents in southeast Louisiana at higher rates than in other parts of the U.S., a new analysis shows.
Helping New Orleans and Surrounding Communities
In the meantime, ESSENCE is helping with relief efforts. Organizers have announced that the new ESSENCE Studios streaming platform will host the first-ever ESSENCE Festival of Culture: The Virtual Edition over July 4th weekend as a multi-day experience and benefit celebration.
“This Festival experience will be extended to communities around the world like never before, with unfettered access to the power, purpose, and party that has made the ESSENCE Festival the largest cultural, entertainment and empowerment experience in the world,” a statement reads. “Women across the globe and their families will engage in interactive, live opportunities to be inspired, empowered, entertained and transformed as they enter a new economic, spiritual and wellness journey ahead.” | <urn:uuid:59e70455-b4b0-465d-88be-2dcfcee6eee8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://travelnoire.com/essence-jazz-fest-cancelled-2021 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.944596 | 621 | 1.601563 | 2 |
This is USP Titanium Dioxide which has a mean particle size greater than 100 nm, 100 nm is generally considered the upper limit for nanoparticles so our Titanium Dioxide would not be considered a nanoparticle,Science overwhelmingly shows that particles of Titanium Dioxide greater than 30nm, when applied to the skin, do not get absorbed into the body, do not enter the bloodstream, and are not a threat to human health Titanium Dioxide is used in cosmetics, foods, crayons, fibers, papers, plastics and paints. In cosmetics, it can be used as sunscreen, an opacifier and a white pigment.
In sunscreen it can be used to effectively reflect UVB, UVA and UVC rays which mean that this ingredient can be used in products to help prevent the premature aging of the skin and cancer. Titanium Dioxide is a physical sunblock and a broad-spectrum sunscreen that scatters and absorbs light.
In sunscreens that are manufactured for sensitive skin or infants, they will often contain either zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. This is because these mineral-based UV blockers tend to be less likely to irritate the skin than other types of UV absorbing ingredients, such as the chemical UV absorber avobenzone.
As an opacifier Titanium Dioxide can be used to give opacity to eye shadow, face powder and foundation. It is considered to also be is a strong antibacterial agent.
Titanium Dioxide is also used as a tattoo pigment and as a pigment in cosmetics and plastics. When it is used as a pigment it is referred to as Pigment White 6, CI 77891 or Titanium White.
Other Names: Titanium dioxide, Titanium oxide, Titanic oxide, Titania, Pigment, Oxide
Appearance: Fine white powder
Solubility: Insoluble in water, Water Dispersible.
Natural or Synthetic: In nature, Titanium Dioxide naturally occurs as the minerals anatase, rutile and brookite. Most commonly it is found in rutile and this is also the most stable form. These minerals are all mined and brookite and anatase change into rutile when heated. Anatase, brookite and rutile contain six-coordinate titanium. There are also three metastable forms that can be created synthetically and five high-pressure Titanium Dioxide forms.
Recommended Retest or Shelf Life: 1 year
Storage: Cool Dark Place
Food Grade: 50 Lb size only. (factory sealed)
Not for Ingestion. Avoid inhaling and get medical attention is there is any difficulty breathing. If it comes into contact with skin or eyes and irritation develops get medical attention. If swallowed give water to drink unless unconscious and get medical attention, for external use only.
Looking for other great products you may be interested in?
Wholesale Citric Acid powder is available for purchase here.
Who is Soapgoods?We are proud to present a diverse and extensive selection of soap making supplies including soap molds as well as melt and pour soap bases. Are you looking for something unique, something hard to find? Wondering Where to buy Arrowroot Powder? We are a fantastic source!
We carry it all and many other fantastic but hard to find items at great wholesale prices, we are the one-stop-shop, you can find everything you need here, even bulk Sodium Bicarbonate Right here at Soapgoods
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When you are looking for quality personal care products, cosmetics and soap making supplies, be sure to visit our online store for Basil Powder Enjoy our premium quality ingredients and super fast shipping times.
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Read hundreds of real testimonials from over a decade of service. SoapGoods Testimonials.
How Fast Can I get it?
We Guarantee Your order ships out the same or next business day! This means in the South East you will have your order in 1 to 3 business days, in the North East normally 3 to 4 days and in the West normally 4 to 5 days. For full details on shipping and processing times please see our expected delivery times.
These times are based on business days, not including weekends or holidays.
FedEx Delivery Map
USPS Delivery Map
Typical Delivery Times to Major US Cities
|Major Cities||Total Business Days +1 / -1|
|Alabama (AL) - Montgomery, Birmingham||1|
|Alaska (AK) - Juneau, Anchorage||7|
|Arizona (AZ) - Phoenix, Tucson||4|
|Arkansas (AR) - Little Rock, Fayetteville||2|
|California (CA) - Sacramento, Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Diego, Sacramento, San Jose||4|
|Colorado (CO) - Denver, Colorado Springs||3|
|Connecticut (CT) - Hartford, New Haven||2|
|Delaware (DE) - Dover, Wilmington, Newark||2|
|Florida (FL) - Tallahassee, Orlando, Miami, Jacksonville, Tampa, Destin||2|
|Georgia (GA) - Atlanta, Savannah, Augusta, Athens||1|
|Hawaii (HI) - Honolulu, Kailua||7|
|Idaho (ID) - Boise, Coeur d'Alene||4|
|Illinois (IL) - Springfield, Chicago, Peoria, Rockford||2|
|Indiana (IN) - Indianapolis, Fort Wayne||2|
|Iowa (IA) - Des Moines, Cedar Rapids||2|
|Kansas (KS) - Topeka, Wichita, Kansas City||2|
|Kentucky (KY) - Frankfort, Louisville, Lexington||2|
|Louisiana (LA) - Baton Rouge, New Orleans, Lafayette||2|
|Maine (ME) - Augusta, Portland, Bangor||3|
|Maryland (MD) - Annapolis, Baltimore||2|
|Massachusetts (MA) - Boston, Cambridge, Worcester||2|
|Michigan (MI) - Lansing, Detroit, Grand Rapids||2|
|Minnesota (MN) - St. Paul, Minneapolis, Duluth||3|
|Mississippi (MS) - Jackson, Biloxi, Hattiesburg||1|
|Missouri (MO) - Jefferson City, St Louis, Kansas City||2|
|Montana (MT) - Helena, Billings||4|
|Nebraska (NE) - Lincoln, Omaha||2|
|Nevada (NV) - Carson City, Las Vegas, Reno||4|
|New Hampshire (NH) - Concord, Manchester, Portsmouth||2|
|New Jersey (NJ) - Trenton, Newark, Jersey City||2|
|New Mexico (NM) - Santa Fe, Alburquerque||3|
|New York (NY) - Albany, New York, Rochester, Buffalo, Albany, Syracuse, Niagara Falls, Ithaca||3|
|North Carolina (NC) - Raleigh, Charlotte||2|
|North Dakota (ND) - Bismarck, Fargo||3|
|Ohio (OH) - Columbus, Cleveland, Cincinnati||2|
|Oklahoma (OK) - Oklahoma City, Fairview,||2|
|Oregon (OR) - Salem, Portland, Eugene||5|
|Pennsylvania (PA) - Harrisburg, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh||2|
|Rhode Island (RI) - Providence, Newport||2|
|South Carolina (SC) - Columbia, Charleston||1|
|South Dakota (SD) - Pierre, Sioux Falls, Rapid City||3|
|Tennessee (TN) - Nashville, Memphis||2|
|Texas (TX) - Austin, Houston, Dallas||3|
|Utah (UT) - Salt Lake City, St. George||3|
|Vermont (VT) - Montpelier, Burlington||3|
|Virginia (VA) - Richmond, Virginia Beach||2|
|Washington (WA) - Olympia, Seattle, Vancouver, Spokane||5|
|West Virginia (WV) - Charleston, Morgantown||2|
|Wisconsin (WI) - Madison, Milwaukee||2|
|Wyoming (WY) - Cheyenne, Jackson||4|
How Does this Ship?
Our ingredients are normally shipped out in strong, re-closeable plastic bags, the larger sizes (50 lbs size and multiples of 50 Lb) are shipped in strong paper / plastic industrial strength bags typically used for 50 lb chemicals. In some cases, depending on stock levels, we might use multiple bags to fulfill an order, for example, 16 lbs might be 4 x 4 lbs rather than a single 16 lb bag. If the packaging size is a concern please contact us and we will be happy to work with you. | <urn:uuid:d22c6c6a-4e2e-4276-b896-1979737c189e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.soapgoods.com/titanium-dioxide-p-670.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.845274 | 2,077 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Do we need an Internet Sales Tax?
posted: 5 March, 2018
“Replacement of physical stores with internet sales is bad for people’s rights, because internet sales track people; they don’t allow privacy-respecting cash. It’s bad for the Treasury because the internet giants such as Amazon avoid taxes, and because jobs disappear. It is bad for society because it means fewer jobs. This suggests solving both problems with a substantial tax on internet sales.”
The Guardian recently published the above letter by Richard Stallman – president of the Massachusetts-based Free Software Foundation – advocating an internet sales tax. Some thought-provoking ideas to tackle a highly complex situation.
Bad for privacy? Agreed – conventional digital transactions and, to a lesser extent, cryptocurrency transactions both leave a footprint. However, this needs to be balanced against its benefits too; the anonymity and prevalence of cash may be facilitating growth… in the underground economy [WEF].
Bad for the Treasury? Again, difficult to argue. A number of big tech companies, such as Amazon, have attracted public scorn for the way they have aggressively minimised their tax bills by moving profits (often by recognising the location of intellectual property and where electronic transaction are processed) derived from important markets such as the UK to lower tax countries [FT]. This trickle-down continues at state and local level where significant tax breaks and subsidies form the backbone of sweetheart deals designed to attract inward investment [Guardian].
Bad for society because jobs disappear? Unemployment is harmful to social cohesion, though evidence linking the presence of Amazon fulfilment centres and joblessness is mixed. While this is not an ideal proxy for internet sales, data analysed by the Economic Policy Institute found that within two years the centres lead to a 30% increase in warehouse and storage employment, but also found ‘no increase in overall employment’ in the wider county [EPI]. It would also be short-sighted not to recognise the positive impact of companies being able to produce lower-priced goods and services through the more efficient employment of human and technological capital.
So, do we need an Internet Sales Tax applied to revenues rather than profits?
If the tax was passed on to consumers (in much the same way as VAT), the tax impact on Companies such as Amazon would be neutral. As for the Treasury, the tax base may be increased but what of the yield once dampened consumer demanded is accounted for? The main beneficiary in this scenario are the traditional over-the-counter retailers who are less able to deploy schemes such as ‘sending fees to the entities, parked in tax havens, that hold server computers or intellectual property’ [FT]. Whereas if the tax was absorbed, the big tech status quo may become further entrenched, sheltered from the challenge of risk-taking, unprofitable start-ups.
Even if a workable system for an Internet Sales Tax on revenues could be found, it likely be a blunt, if well-intentioned, instrument. We should continue to encourage entrepreneurialism by taxing profits instead of revenues, however we need to build a consensus on when and where value is created in a digital world. Only by rebalancing the recognition of value back towards where the service is delivered can a sustainable outcome be found.
Head of Finance & IT | <urn:uuid:0a3a3601-1ee5-4e97-ade0-3acfb6cce834> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://retailmanagementconsultants.com/blog/do-we-need-an-internet-sales-tax/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.941481 | 682 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Umrauli Gangawar Village Map
The Umrauli Gangawar village is located in the state Uttar Pradesh having state code 09 and having the village code 139929. The Hardoi is the district of this village with district code 155. The total geographical area in which this village is expanded in 219.34 hectares / 2.1934 Square Kilometers (km2) / 542.00094371009 acres. The content of this page is for your general information and use only.
|Village Name||Umrauli Gangawar|
|Village Code Number||139929|
|Geographical Area||219.34 hectares / 2.1934 Square Kilometers (km2) / 542.00094371009 acres|
- Location Details
- Umrauli Gangawar on Google Map
- Nearst Towns / Cities
- Umrauli Gangawar Households and Populations
- Umrauli Gangawar Survey Numbers
The Umrauli Gangawar village is situated in the Hardoi district with district code number 155. Sawayajpur is the subdistrict (tehsil / mandal), is a low-level administrative division of a district, of this village, having the sub district code is 00810. Sandi is the Community Development Block (C.D. Block) of this village with C.D. Block code number 0265. The gram panchayat for this village is Umrauli Jaitpur. The district headquarters' name is Hardoi and as per distance concern it is 35 kilometres from the Umrauli Gangawar village.
|Community Development Block (C.D. Block) Name||Sandi|
|Sub District Name||Sawayajpur|
|State Name||Uttar Pradesh|
Umrauli Gangawar on Google Map
Nearest Towns / Cities
Sandi is the nearest statutory town of the village Umrauli Gangawar, which is 15 kilometres away from the village.
Umrauli Gangawar Households and Populations
The reference taken to publish these data is of year 2009. The source of data is Census of India.
Umrauli Gangawar Survey Numbers
How to get Umrauli Gangawar village map with survey numbers in Uttar Pradesh?
A survey number is a unique number given to an unambiguous piece of Umrauli Gangawar village land in order to maintain a record of the location, size, shape and proprietorship information of the property. The land survey number works as a record of information relating to a specific plot of Umrauli Gangawar property in Uttar Pradesh state. It is beneficial when registering plots, selling plots, resolving legal disputes, for planning the development of neighbouring areas and so on. | <urn:uuid:d41e2c2d-725b-4d88-90f2-59d0ac3093c3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.villagemaps.in/uttar-pradesh/umrauli-gangawar-sawayajpur-hardoi-139929/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.874406 | 577 | 1.585938 | 2 |
HOW PAIN AND UNDERSTANDING PAIN WORK TOGETHER
Pain can be very confusing. The worry and stress of trying to find solutions can actually increase chronic pain. The more we understand pain, the more hopeful we become about our ability to change the pain we experience.
WHAT CAN MAKE THINGS BETTER
For over 400 years, we’ve misunderstood pain. Now we have a better understanding about the various causes of pain and some of the new approaches that can help you deal with your chronic pain. Explore the Pain Education Toolkit to find out all the components of pain, how they impact your pain experience, and what you can do about it.
- Understanding Pain in Less than 5 minutes, and What to Do about It!
- Tame the Beast: It’s time to rethink persistent pain | <urn:uuid:38b09975-0aa6-4715-8169-b2e0b9374d20> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.oregonpainguidance.org/paineducationtoolkit/understandpain/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.909472 | 187 | 1.859375 | 2 |
CHARLOTTE, N.C. (QC Life) - Thursday is National Chocolate Chip Cookie Day.
Here are a few things you may not know about the classic sweet treat:
- It is the official state cookie of both Massachusetts and Pennsylvania
- Consumption of chocolate chip cookies actually went up 10% following the introduction of detailed nutritional labels
- It’s estimated that 7 billion chocolate chip cookies are eaten every year in the U.S., and about half of those are homemade
- The average American eats about 35,000 chocolate chip cookies in a lifetime
Now, with all that extra knowledge, let’s watch Frankie White from BW Sweets Bakery bake up some delicious chocolate chip cookies!
You may need a glass of milk!
You may also like: Great treat! Learning to make sweet deep-fried cornbread
Copyright 2022 WBTV. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:bcd24546-b69b-4c7f-aa79-db9ee716aa7d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://qclife.wbtv.com/2022/08/04/its-national-chocolate-chip-cookie-day-heres-few-things-you-may-not-know-about-cookie/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.916326 | 184 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Parents of an eight-year-old girl want an investigation after she died in a clinic in India and had her organs removed without them knowing.
Gurkiren Kaur was being treated for dehydration, staff gave her an injection but refused to tell the family what it was for, she died shortly after.
Her family only realised her organs had been removed when her body was returned to the UK. It has raised questions over the practise of organs being harvested for black market transplants.
Gurkiren Kaur was in a clinic in the Punjab in India being treated for dehydration.
But her parents watched her die after a member of staff gave her an injection but refused to tell them what it was for.
Four days later, there was a post-mortem examination. But it was only when her body was returned to Birmingham that they realised her organs had been removed. They want her organs back so a British pathologist can try to find out what was in the injection.
But tonight there are concerns that her organs could have been taken for more sinister purposes, harvested for the illegal trade in black market transplants.
Gurkiren's parents say she was a very happy, very bubbly baby who was the light of their house and of their lives.
Gurkiren's body was cremated but how she died, where her organs are and why they were taken is still unclear. | <urn:uuid:c3c5fc50-86d5-4c10-b5fe-241cf7c3af98> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.itv.com/news/central/2013-05-14/fears-girl-was-killed-and-organs-harvested-for-black-market | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.995702 | 287 | 1.5625 | 2 |
What is Skin Numbing?
Skin numbing is the process of reducing or eliminating sensations of pain, burn and itch felt on a localized external area of the body. There are many reasons why someone may choose to numb the skin. Some of the reasons include, among possible others:
- reduce pain or itch from insect bites
- reduce pain, burn and itch from minor skin irritations and conditions
- reduce itch from poison sumac, ivy or oak irritations
- reduce pain, burn and itch from hemorrhoids
- in preparation of a medical needle procedure
- in preparation of a blood draw procedure
- in preparation of a medical cannula insertion
- in preparation of a superficial medical or quasi-medical cosmetic procedure
- in preparation of a tattoo or piercing procedure
- in preparation of a superficial laser procedure
- in preparation of a suture procedure
- in preparation of a hair removal wax procedure
Not all skin numbing methods are suitable for the treatment of all conditions and procedures. Some skin numbing methods are more appropriate for skin irritating conditions and some for suture procedures. Topical skin numbing products are not appropriate for use on broken skin according to the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA). Suture procedures, for example, usually require a lidocaine injection as the clinicians preferred method of skin numbing.
Skin Numbing Creams:
Skin numbing creams are specific for a variety of conditions and procedures, including:
- medical needle insertions
- medical and quasi-medical cosmetic procedures
- skin irritations
- insect bites/stings
- tattoos and piercings
- blood draws
- medical cannula insertions
Skin numbing creams can be supplied in both prescription and over the counter (OTC) forms. They can be packaged in tubes, jars and in some cases, unique, single-use, sanitary packets. The packets are designed to reduce the risk of cross-contamination in both the home and clinical settings.
Since human skin is designed to resist the entry of foreign bodies, the more effective skin numbing creams include ingredients that help make the skin temporarily more permeable. One ingredient that is sometimes included in some skin numbing creams is DMSO. DMSO is a potent skin penetration enhancement solvent that not only helps active pharmaceutical ingredients (API’s) to enter the lower layers of the skin, but also the blood stream. Anesthetics entering the blood stream can be dangerous and injurious if they enter the blood stream in too high an amount. It may be best to avoid skin numbing products that include DMSO as the skin penetrating driver.
Safer API drivers are: ethoxydiglycol, MSM, isopropyl myristate, propylene glycol, urea and some natural oils. Individually or in combination with one another, these ingredients can help to increase the API in the skin numbing cream penetrate the skin quicker and more effectively.
It is important to choose a topical numbing cream product that is both safe and effective. Some skin numbing products, such as compounded prescription topical anesthetics, can be dosed at very high concentrations with more than one API and include a potent driver. In combination there can be a high risk to benefit ratio that could lead to very serious adverse health events including, respiratory depression (difficulty breathing) and severe bradycardia (slowed heart rate). These conditions, in the extreme can lead to very serious negative health outcomes. US FDA recommends that the lowest amount of the lowest concentration be used for adequate skin numbing as a safety precaution. In other words, only use what you need to achieve your desired skin numbing goal without sacrificing safety.
NeuroMed topical anesthetic (numbing) creams are supplied in both single-use, sanitary packets as well as 63-gram, multi-use tubes. NeuroMed topical anesthetics range from professional clinical to home setting use. They should be used as directed by your healthcare provider or as stated on the packaging.
NeuroMed Brand Anesthetics Product Information
This information is not intended to replace the advice of a licensed healthcare processional (doctor). This information is also not intended to be used to diagnose or treat a condition or in preparation of a procedure of any kind. | <urn:uuid:8220a634-6882-4a70-87c1-f49d227b927b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sambriapharma.net/blog/skin-numbing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.920968 | 889 | 2.625 | 3 |
A case of monkeypox has been discovered in Guildford amid the World Health Organization declaring a global emergency. As part of data released by the UK Health Security Agency into confirmed cases of infectious diseases in the week ending July 31, one case of monkeypox was identified in the Surrey town.
It's one of 50 cases of the disease discovered within the UK last week with most being discovered in Manchester with 16. Guildford is just one of 27 local authorities within the country to have experienced monkeypox during the week.
There have so far been 2,672 cases confirmed in the country as of August 1 since the disease was first detected in May. While deaths have occurred in other parts of the world none have been reported in the UK so far.
Symptoms of monkeypox
The disease is passed on through close physical contact with monkeypox blisters or scars including during sexual contact, kissing, cuddling or holding hands. It can also be passed through touching clothing or bedding used by someone with monkeypox, or through being sneezed or coughed on.
In response to the outbreak, which the NHS describe as having a low-risk level, smallpox vaccinations are being offered as the symptoms are similar. People being offered the vaccine include healthcare workers treating patients with monkeypox, gay, bisexual or other men with high risk of exposure, as well as anyone who has had close contact with someone with a confirmed case. To find out more about a vaccine visit the government website here.
Looking for more Guildford news? Sign up to our weekly newsletter to get more news from the town direct to your inbox. Find out how here. | <urn:uuid:051d7a74-f7fa-4050-8a00-67c2cd8ca901> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.getsurrey.co.uk/news/health/guildford-monkeypox-case-confirmed-amid-24656962 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.971307 | 369 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Biomacromolecules, Vol.17, No.1, 384-398, 2016
Enzyme and Thermal Dual Responsive Amphiphilic Polymer Core-Shell Nanoparticle for Doxorubicin Delivery to Cancer Cells
Dual responsive polymer nanoscaffolds for administering anticancer drugs both at the tumor site and intracellular compartments are made for improving treatment in cancers. The present work reports the design and development of new thermo- and enzyme-responsive amphiphilic copolymer core-shell nanoparticles for doxorubicin delivery at extracellular and intracellular compartments, respectively. A hydrophobic acrylate monomer was tailor-made from 3-pentadecylphenol (PDP, a natural resource) and copolymerized with oligoethylene glycol acrylate (as a hydrophilic monomer) to make new classes of thermo and enzyme dual responsive polymeric amphiphiles. Both radical and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) methodologies were adapted for making the amphiphilic copolymers. These amphiphilic copolymers were self-assembled to produce spherical core-shell nanoparticles in water. Upon heating, the core-shell nanoparticles underwent segregation to produce larger sized aggregates above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The dual responsive polymer scaffold was found to be capable of loading water insoluble drug, such as doxorubicin (DOX), and fluorescent probe-like Nile Red. The drug release kinetics revealed that DOX was preserved in the core-shell assemblies at normal body temperature (below LCST, <= 37 degrees C). At closer to cancer tissue temperature (above LCST, similar to 43 degrees C), the polymeric scaffold underwent burst release to deliver 90% of loaded drugs within 2 h. At the intracellular environment (pH 7.4, 37 degrees C) in the presence of esterase enzyme, the amphiphilic copolymer ruptured in a slow and controlled manner to release >95% of the drugs in 12 h. Thus, both burst release of cargo at the tumor microenvironment and control delivery at intracellular compartments were accomplished in a single polymer scaffold. Cytotoxicity assays of the nascent and DOX-loaded polymer were carried out in breast cancer (MCF-7) and cervical cancer (He La) cells. Among the two cell lines, the DOX-loaded polymers showed enhanced killing in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, the cellular uptake of the DOX was studied by confocal and fluorescence microscopes. The present investigation opens a new enzyme and thermal-responsive polymer scaffold approach for DOX delivery in cancer cells. | <urn:uuid:a7d2a723-5ee4-4520-ac21-247f7d4618ca> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cheric.org/research/tech/periodicals/view.php?seq=1432429 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.927798 | 566 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Main Article Content
The construction industry in India is facing various issues pertaining to low productivity, inefficient management at construction sites, high construction safety risk and lack of information on the status of project. With the development of modern tools and technologies prefabricated construction is becoming more prevalent in the building industry. However, there are many limitations in the actual manufacturing process such as storage, quality checks, installation of the prefabricated components and its status which is due to the lack of real-time information collection and sharing. In order to speed up the construction process and better management and monitoring of the project, this research proposes the framework for integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and Building Information Modeling (BIM). The paper proposes a conceptual framework of an IoT enabled BIM platform to accomplish a real-time visualization in prefabricated concrete structures construction. This is done by using various sensors in the prefabricated components to demonstrate a highly efficient automated progress monitoring system of prefabricated construction. | <urn:uuid:63ce7ca2-19d0-49d5-9518-33d4e987cec3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ijritcc.org/index.php/ijritcc/article/view/5560 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.913621 | 207 | 2.140625 | 2 |
We are pleased to announce that we have officially expanded our range of capabilities and can now offer micro tube end forming.
By offering this new process, we will be able to further develop our customer base across new diverse market sectors.
We have spent six months developing the micro tub end forming process and during this time we have invested in the creation of a dedicated small parts area featuring state of the art control systems on our factory floor.
Discussing this, Paul Fellows, Director at Techniswage, had to say: “Swaging is a forming operation used to reduce the outside and inside diameter of a tube. And although we have always undertaken micro forming work, which we class as working on tubes below a 3mm diameter, we have never done so in an official capacity. Looking to the future, we can see there is growth potential with the medical, electronics and nuclear markets, and as such we made the decision to invest in a dedicated area to develop an organised, clean and efficient process which meets the exacting requirements of these market sectors.”
We are able to form micro tubes out of most metals including copper, brass, stainless or mild steel and can manipulate tubes as small as 1mm in diameter and reduce tubes to just 0.2mm in diameter using hydraulic and rotary methods.
By offering this new process, we are now able to produce component parts which can then be used in a variety of products including blood testing needles, meat probes and even throttle linkage pins for jet engines.
“We believe that having this dedicated area demonstrates our commitment to working to the highest of standards within micro tube end forming”, Paul concluded. | <urn:uuid:99dab766-854c-4b0a-8033-54d7ffb24628> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://techniswage.co.uk/techniswage-expands-into-micro-tube-end-forming/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.962771 | 337 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Anniversaries are a great opportunity to look back at what we’ve learnt, to look at how we’re doing now, and to look forward to the next thirty years. We hope you’ll join us for our birthday week as we celebrate how far we’ve come, and consider how much further there is to go…
Here’s what we’ve got planned!
Monday 23rd: Look back: Hear from one of our founders
We had the privilege of speaking with Kelle Kingsley, one of the founding members of Survivors’ Network, about the first few years of the organisation. Keep an eye out on the 23rd for our write up of the chat, featuring some extracts from the original Speak Out Newsletter!
Tuesday 24th: Look back: 30 Facts for 30 Years
Let’s look at where we’ve come from – on the 24th we will be sharing 30 facts with you all about the legal and social changes in our understanding of sexual violence over the years.
Wednesday 25th: Look forward: Join us to say “I believe in you” to all survivors on our birthday
On our birthday, we will be launching a social media campaign calling on everyone to stand up and say “I believe in you” to survivors. A recent report from the Victims’ Commissioner echoed what we hear on a regular basis – that the fear of not being believed is the biggest deterrent to survivors reporting sexual violence in England & Wales. So we are asking supporters to share a post on the 25th November to help raise awareness of the importance of believing survivors, and encouraging people to donate to our vital service. Keep an eye on our social media to find out more…
Thursday 26th: Looking Forward, Looking Back: A Conversation on Race & Sexual Violence
We’re particularly excited about this one. The inspiring Marai Larasi, Shalini Nair and Sumanta Roy are joining our CEO Jay Breslaw to discuss feminism, survivor service provision and the importance of women of colour being included at every level of the conversation. Airing on Facebook on the 26th at 2pm – join us for the premiere to be part of the conversation too! Sign up for a reminder & to watch here, and learn more about the speakers here.
Friday 27th: ‘How to be Good in Bed’, a Consent Collective gameshow
Our staff members Katie and Julia are participating in this fab event, challenging a team from Edinburgh Rape Crisis and raising funds and awareness in the process! Listen live on Friday at 7pm, here.
Thank you for being a part of this journey with us over the years. Your support for organisations like ours has been a vital part of our journey, and while we continue to work towards a world where our work isn’t necessary, we should all be incredibly proud of what we have achieved. We hope you’ll join us for our celebrations! | <urn:uuid:b57f95b5-68a8-4887-ac0f-d6df68fb1daa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://survivorsnetwork.org.uk/survivors-network-is-turning-30/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.924821 | 611 | 1.5 | 2 |
Sports are known to be a vital element of routine day-to-day life. It has a major impact on a person’s daily life and health. It not only adds a basic benefit of a fresh routine but also helps in maintaining a healthy body and mind. Seeking the benefits of sports and adding them to our day-to-day life has become very crucial and essential in our current stressful life. A sport is very essential to maintain a healthy mind too in this busy and unhealthy routine life. Basic and normal physical activity that one can craft in everyday routine includes normal and evening walks, jogging, running, bicycling, stretching, and if possible other cardio exercises.
Sports and general healthy
- Helps in controlling weight- The major issue nowadays the major population of the Middle-Aged is facing a disease known as obesity- excess weight. This major issue of obesity is a result of an imbalance between the proper diet, sleep, and physical activity. Obese people are on the higher side of the risk for developing unwanted sub-clinical diseases like hypertension, diabetes, and other heart-related diseases. Here any form of physical activity helps a person to sweat and burn the extra fat and calories incorporated in our body which weights our body. It helps to tone and shape our bodies. Different levels of sports and physical activity burns these all-extra fats and helps us to control our weight.
- Helps in lowering hypertension– High blood pressure which is known as hypertension in clinical language. All over the world, people suffer from hypertension. Hypertension is linked with other basic health risks like stroke and heart diseases. Regular normal physical activities and sports break this mechanism of hypertension and help to reduce it. Sports like normal morning and evening walks, jogging, and stretching are all one needs to maintain normal blood pressure. The people who are majorly suffering from hypertension are classically and highly recommended to have a normal daily physical activity depending upon the time and age.
- Helps in maintaining the cholesterol level- Cholesterol is unwanted lipids that are accumulated in various parts of our body. Higher cholesterol leads to direct effects on the heart and leads to atherosclerosis or heart attack. This cholesterol mostly blocks our blood system and causes infarction. In this sedentary and unhealthy lifestyle, most people suffer from high cholesterol and heart diseases. As per the studies, after a certain age of 30s people usually tend to have high cholesterol levels. Playing every day some sports or doing physical activities helps us to reduce our cholesterol levels.
- Increases blood circulation in the body- Blood circulation is very important for our body to function properly. High blood circulation improves the overall health of the organs. It supplies proper oxygen and nutrients required by the potentially vital organs of the body like kidneys, lungs, and brain. Any sports activity increases blood circulation in the body. The body experiences well oxygenation and is more active. During sweating, because of our normal body mechanism of releasing necessary hormones and elements while physical activities, it indirectly helps in maintaining our body and mind active and healthy. Because of proper blood circulation its further propionate in increasing the blood volume and count. While physical activity, our heart, pumps faster which helps to make our heart muscle stronger and healthy. As it increasing the daily pumping rate of the heart, at the cellular level it increases a healthy life span of mitochondria and other cellular elements. Fiber contents are also increased ultimately giving a person nice muscle mass and a healthy digestive system.
- Improves immunity- better and active immunity is must be required in this lifestyle and situation of upcoming countless viruses and bacterial infections. Leading a healthy life needs to improve our immune system who is efficient enough to fight against the primary infections of the body. Sports and any kind of physical activity boost our oxygen level and the production of new cells in the body. Sweating and expiration during the exercise flush out the toxins and bacteria from our bodies. Exercise causes an increase in the production rate of white blood cells and antibodies which are known as the first line of defense for our body against any infection. The acute and brief rise in the temperature during any physical activity makes an unfavorable condition for bacteria to grow and finally, the bacteria are destroyed.
- Improves mental health and state- There are basic happy hormones and chemical elements which are released during our natural regular physical exercise. These hormones help us to be stress-free and happy. The natural body system has a phenomenon of releasing these hormones regularly but the difference is when a person exercises, these hormonal levels are elevated and keeps our body and mind happy and active. Simple exercise and sport keep us away from mental diseases like depression by elevation of hormones. It keeps our mind calm and helps us to concentrate and focus on the work. It also helps in making our memory power sharp.
- also read:2020 Tokyo Olympics- India’s Performance
Sports and life lessons
Sports and any form of physical activity are not only important for a healthy mind and body but also teach us many life lessons and qualities that should be incorporated into our life. It helps us learn the qualities like-
- Resilience- it makes us learn about how to face difficulty in life with a positive approach and spending energy on getting the solution of the difficulty. It makes us learn to be strong and tough. Sport teaches to be flexible and durable in every extreme condition. It gives us a positive approach of never-failing without trying.
- Leadership– every person is different with their inner qualities. Some people are frank and jovial, extrovert and some are introvert, shy, and not much into exploration. Sport teaches us to become a leader- a state where you have to organize a group of people. A position where you have to be calm and composed and taking the best decision one can without any concept of fear.
- Accountability- another easy word to describe this quality is responsibility. Sports teaches us to justify and take responsibility for something and take authority as a leader.
- Respect– the most important quality of respecting the co-mates, our family and friends no matter what the age is of the person we should always respect them and always be humble and polite. It is known to be the deepest admiration for my fellow mates and everyone.
- Teamwork- it is always said the together and collaborated efforts are paid more worthy. It is one of the basic qualities tough to us from any sports activity. To listen, understand, admire, and let go of some of the things of the batchmates in a team makes us more good humans. Teamwork qualities help us grow extra-ordinality in society. In any office work or house maker work, when done with a skilled and effortful team, the ultimate result is always rewarded.
- Patience– is a simple way it is said that the ability to endure any long wait calmly and to deal with the hurdles in our path with active and compost mental health. Getting frustrated with simple life problems and irritated by the surrounding is a sign of a coward people. Dealing with each problem patiently makes us wise and intelligent in the real sense.
- Discipline- it is known to be a practice which someone makes us do to obey any rules or punishment in a literal meaning. Actually, any sport is connected with self-discipline and ethics. Self-discipline is to do correct and ethical things as per the situation and not making frustrating discussions. To obey every rule of any institution and to respect them makes us more ethical in society.
- Confidence- self-confidence is an inner magical element of any human being that boosts one to do any task. all these qualities like such are curated inside us because of any sport or physical activity.
- Courage- courage is known to be something about bravery. A brave act of either helping anyone needy or courageous act of saving someone’s life comes from a sports activity. Move swiftly in a situation of emergency and helping the needy is a quality that comes from a sportsperson.
- Enthusiasm- living life with sheer happy enthusiasm and goal is the ultimate inner happiness one can cultivate.
- also read:5 Most Popular Types of English Dances- Websplashers
Take away message
Apart from every level and sense of education, we learn either from a professional institute which holds an importance in our lives, but some qualities and lessons that sports and physical activities teach us are also important. Regulate and curate your everyday routine with minimal physical activity to be more cheerful and happy. | <urn:uuid:892e059a-5a77-41f4-a23d-d3695f7ae8f0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rkwebnews.com/sports-and-healthy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.948911 | 1,727 | 3.21875 | 3 |
Consider the “Invisible Rich.” They have money. They live near you, shopping in the same stores as you. You already know some rich people and many people pretending to be rich. There’s a third level, the rich who prefer to keep a low profile. How do you find them?
Back in 2004 I wrote my book, “Captivating the Wealthy Investor.” It’s still available on Amazon. The chapter “Identifying the Invisible Rich” focuses on finding prospects among the wealthiest 2-5% within your local market. Here are some highlights of how you go about it.
Plenty of people fit into this category. Senior officers at listed public companies are an excellent example. You know where to find a list of the top ten public companies in your market. Now here’s the surprise: There may be fifty or more public companies in the metro area! Some are small, but they issue stock and it’s traded on an exchange.
How do you find them? One example of a resource is the website for Credit Risk Monitor, www.crmz.com. They sell data, but also make a certain amount of information available through their website. You can view the set of active public companies headquartered in your state and find the local ones. Once you’ve got a stock ticker symbol, getting a list of the officers and board of directors online is pretty easy.
The financial services industry’s favorite prospects are people who already have a nest egg. There are plenty of people earning high salaries, providing them with disposable income, yet haven’t built up big bank balances yet. This category is best described as “people who work for someone else.”
Many professions fit into the category. Doctors, lawyers, accountants, architects and engineers come to mind. How do you find them?
Most professions require state licenses. You know this because financial advisors and insurance agents fit into this category. The website www.searchsystems.net has a collection of 70,000+ public access databases, the majority free to visit. Each state should have the category “Business and Professional Licenses.” Each profession usually has a search feature to verify credentials or find practitioners in your local area.
High Asset, Low Cash Flow Prospects
“Old Money” can be the most invisible wealth category. A retired friend in Naples, FL remarked you often don’t know how rich your neighbors were until you read their obituaries! You don’t need to wait that long. Many wealthy families are philanthropic. They consider giving back to the community an obligation of wealth. They contribute to local museums, cultural organizations and local nonprofits.
These organizations publish annual reports. These often include lists of major donors organized by giving category. Not everyone is listed. You often see “anonymous” under those headings.
The logic is simple: As a financial advisor, you seek out people with assets. Philanthropists have money to give away.
Under the Radar
Wealth doesn’t always fit into defined categories. Here’s an example: Longtime workers in a unionized factory might have put aside substantial assets into their company retirement plan. They live within their means, so there isn’t much money available for investment. If their plant closes, suddenly there’s a pool of retirement assets that can be rolled over elsewhere. They weren’t rich, yet suddenly became a good prospect.
The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of 1988 requires companies to provide advance notice of impending layoffs. Commonly known as WARN notices, these are on file with the state. They can easily be found online. You might have clients or friends at one of the affected firms.
Every financial services firm has rules about what you can (and cannot) do on the Internet. Every website seems to have terms and conditions about data usage. Keep these points in mind:
- Always read and respect the legal and privacy notices on websites.
- Only use websites for the purpose originally intended by the site.
- Find your information from more than one source.
- Always get Compliance approval before starting research or prospecting strategies involving the Internet.
Where Can I Learn More?
For almost twenty years I’ve been delivering training and writing about identifying the invisible rich. Dunham has taken my research and converted it into a series of short, compelling YouTube videos.
Each segment of the Identifying the Invisible Rich series provides information to assist you as you go about your research. You can also receive live support from the Regional Marketing Associates at Dunham, access to an e-folder specific to the state you live in, and a suite of informational videos by contacting Dunham at (858) 964-0500.
Click here to read more articles written by Bryce Sanders.Subscribe to the Dunham Blog | <urn:uuid:c7f5ceb6-cc75-4e92-8284-8bdf0c322d5b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dunham.com/Investor/Blog/Posts/how-to-find-those-prospects-that-dont-want-to-be-found | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.94436 | 1,019 | 1.617188 | 2 |
I'm working on setting up a prototype XBee system and I wanted to do an RF Sanity Check.
I'm developing on the XBee-PRO 900HP XSC module. On page 130 of the user guide, the modules are listed to have an output impedance of 50 ohms, unbalanced.
I was planning on connecting the XBee to the following dipole antenna:
From what I can understand, to truly radiate properly a dipole antenna requires a balanced signal and the output of my xbee outputs an unbalanced signal.
My sanity check is this, do people ever use baluns to maximize the radiation properties of their rubber-duckie dipole antennas, or do most people just radiate on unbalanced antennas (ie monopoles)?
Thanks everyone, I appreciate all the help. | <urn:uuid:bd7dd1e3-bc1f-4834-8458-a20b499b0b2a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.digi.com/support/forum/54427/xbees-and-baluns | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.886145 | 188 | 2.015625 | 2 |
(Ottawa) Communal landowners from the Ejido “La Sierrita” and workers from La Platosa mine in Durango, Mexico have filed a complaint against Excellon Resources under the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Corporations with government offices in Ottawa and Mexico City.
Landowners and workers allege severe labour rights violations and failure to comply with the land use contract with the Ejido “La Sierrita”, on whose land the company operates. The complaint is co-signed by the Canadian Labour Congress, MiningWatch Canada, the United Steelworkers, the National Mining Union of Mining, Metallurgic, and Similar Workers of the Mexican Republic, and the Project for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of Mexico.
“In 2008, Excellon signed a contract making us business partners and shareholders in the company. Four years later, we are still waiting for Excellon to comply with many aspects of the contract,” said David Espinoza, President of the Ejido (group of communal landowners) known as ‘La Sierrita’. “The company has explored on lands not included in the contract, leaving significant environmental damage.”
The complaint also points to the company’s failure to build a water treatment plant to ensure Ejido members can use water being removed from the mine for agriculture, nor has it provided the Ejido with food services contracts at the mine or ensured preferential hiring of Ejido members.
“We own this land and entered into this agreement with an explicit understanding that we would be equal business partners in the venture. Instead, the company has ignored its obligations,” said Espinoza.
Juan Rodriguez, a representative of the union’s leadership committee added that the community and the workers are united in their frustration with Excellon.
“In late 2010, a majority of mine workers formed Local 309 of the National Mining Union as a result of concerns over health and safety and lack of benefits,” said Rodriguez. “As soon as it was formed, however, the company fired our leaders and intimidated workers.”
The complaint says Excellon signed agreements with an employer-led association to obstruct formation of the independent union at La Platosa.
This is the second time that workers have complained about labour rights violations at La Platosa. Their first complaint was submitted to the Canadian Extractive Sector Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Counsellor in 2011. The CSR Counsellor recognized the credibility of the complainants and their desire to enter into good faith dialogue. However, shortly before mediation was to begin, Excellon walked away from the table. The Counsellor had no further option within her mandate, except to close the complaint.
Now the workers and landowners are back in Canada, hoping that Canada’s National Contact Point under the OECD Guidelines will take serious steps to urge the company to the table.
The company has not fully disclosed to shareholders the ongoing conflicts in Mexico. Shareholders include most Canadians since the Canada Pension Plan (CPP) owns about $2-million in Excellon shares. The company is holding its annual shareholders’ meeting in Toronto on Thursday.
Daniel Pacheco, a resident of La Sierrita and former President of the General Assembly of the Ejido says there is no opposition to the mine itself.
“What we want is that Excellon acknowledge its misconduct, negotiate with us as equals, and resolve these issues,” Pacheco said. “We are shareholders too and want the company to be successful. But so long as it continues to treat its workers and local stakeholders this way, it won’t be.”
- Christopher Benoit, Project for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Mexico, e-mail: chris(at)prodesc.org.mx, tel. 011-52-55-5212-2230
- Jennifer Moore, Latin America Program Coordinator, MiningWatch Canada, e-mail: jen(at)miningwatch.ca, tel. (613) 569-3439
- Laura Ramirez, United Steelworkers Humanity Fund, e-mail: lramirez(at)usw.ca, tel. (416) 544-5961 | <urn:uuid:a1997dd7-e95f-431b-8824-67a0392ecfc5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://miningwatch.ca/news/2012/5/29/mexican-workers-landowners-file-second-complaint-against-canadian-mining-company | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.946565 | 900 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Winner: Native American and Indigenous Studies Association's Best Subsequent Book 2017 Honorable Mention: Labriola Center American Indian National Book Award 2017
Across North America, Indigenous acts of resistance have in recent years opposed the removal of federal protections for forests and waterways in Indigenous lands, halted the expansion of tar sands extraction and the pipeline construction at Standing Rock, and demanded justice for murdered and missing Indigenous women. In As We Have Always Done, Leanne Betasamosake Simpson locates Indigenous political resurgence as a practice rooted in uniquely Indigenous theorizing, writing, organizing, and thinking.
Indigenous resistance is a radical rejection of contemporary colonialism focused around the refusal of the dispossession of both Indigenous bodies and land. Simpson makes clear that its goal can no longer be cultural resurgence as a mechanism for inclusion in a multicultural mosaic. Instead, she calls for unapologetic, place-based Indigenous alternatives to the destructive logics of the settler colonial state, including heteropatriarchy, white supremacy, and capitalist exploitation.
As We Have Always Done: Indigenous Freedom through Radical Resistance (Indigenous Americas)
Readool Books participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, which is an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for websites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com | <urn:uuid:ccd5f331-18f6-4a40-9e81-0bfd67990fa6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://readool.com/product/as-we-have-always-done-indigenous-freedom-through-radical-resistance-indigenous-americas/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.918627 | 261 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Configuring and running Ryzom Core Web Services on GNU/Linux
For Debian/Ubuntu users you will need to install the following packages:
sudo apt-get install apache2 php5 php5-mysql php5-gd rrdtool screen
Create a public web directory and point a VHost to it.
Point a second VHost to the same directory with port 40916
Upload the following to your public web directory of your PHP host
Upload the following to a private directory accessible by your PHP host
Run the following script and follow the instructions
This script will create a config.php under the public php directory, and set up the nel, nel_tool and ams databases.
Advanced Configuration Topics
In order to execute system commands like restarting services you will need to be able to log in as root or execute the command using sudo, e.g.:
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
- Restart Apache by typing the following.
- Make sure the directory's requiring write permissions is writeable by all.
chmod a+w code/ryzom/tools/server/admin/graphs_output
chmod a+w code/ryzom/tools/server/admin/templates/default_c
chmod a+w code/ryzom/tools/server/ryzom_ams/www/
chmod a+w code/ryzom/tools/server/ryzom_ams/www/html/cache
chmod a+w code/ryzom/tools/server/ryzom_ams/www/html/templates_c | <urn:uuid:f72ba2ea-8500-41d5-9ea0-6bf3fec1e4e7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ryzomcore.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/RC/pages/884905/Configure+Linux+Web+Services | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.680229 | 427 | 1.515625 | 2 |
INDIANAPOLIS -- Police forces and city governments around the world -- burdened by competing demands and limited resources -- must make hard, critical decisions every day about how best to deal with crime, drug use, traffic crashes, medical emergencies and more.
IUPUI researchers have received a grant to provide help. Through a three-year, $791,513 grant from the Smart and Connected Communities program of the National Science Foundation, the researchers are developing a system that can predict where and when these and other social harm events are likely to occur.
George Mohler and Rajeev Raje of the School of Science at IUPUI, collaborating with Jeremy Carter, director of criminal justice in the School of Public and Environmental Affairs at IUPUI, will devise algorithms and a software system to collect and analyze data, enabling stakeholders to make dynamic predictions of social harm incidents. Such analyses will empower stakeholders to make informed decisions about how to allocate limited resources to maintain and improve the quality of life in the communities they serve.
"Police don't only deal with crimes; they deal with many social harms," Mohler said. "Our new NSF-funded project embraces the bigger picture of policing, and of smart cities in general. There are all sorts of patterns for which we can develop algorithms to detect, weigh their importance and come up with risk scores that can be used to allocate resources effectively."
The innovative IUPUI undertaking will build upon grant principal investigator Mohler's decade-long research on predictive policing and will expand beyond prediction of future crimes to include social harms. Mohler is an associate professor of computer and information science in the School of Science. He is also a co-founder and board member of PredPol, a California-based company that applies statistical models to historical crime data. The proposed system will be developed using the concepts of trusted distributed systems, a research focus of Raje, a professor of computer and information science in the School of Science.
Current policing interventions that focus on hot spots -- for example, certain blocks on a street are known to be popular locations for drug sales -- are often too narrow and seek only to optimize crime reductions, ignoring other social harms. Police and others want to know more about what is happening in their communities.
"What we are predicting is the dynamic risk of social harm events. If we put quantified risk behind prevention, we can play the odds and hopefully position police, EMS and others in the right places at the times when social harms are most likely to occur," said Carter, the criminologist who is a co-principal investigator on the NSF grant. "Crime, drug usage and motor vehicle crashes concentrate in time and place and are to some degree predictable because people have routine activities."
Working with the Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department, Indianapolis Emergency Medical Services, the mayor's office and other community partners, the IUPUI computer scientists and criminologists will study social systems, estimate the probability of specific harmful events and determine the effects of specific actions.
With the assistance of IUPUI graduate students from computer science and criminology, the researchers will gather relevant data from a variety of sources and make a predictive analytics software application available to government services as well as community groups.
The final phase of the NSF-supported project will be a randomized controlled field trial in Indianapolis. The trial will measure the impact of interventions -- such as allocation of specific resources to locations during times where they are most needed -- across crime, traffic crashes and EMS calls for service, as well as changes in community trust in police within high-risk communities. | <urn:uuid:5e175dbd-47f5-40ef-8959-c264b6809ac8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.iu.edu/stories/2017/10/iupui/releases/12-predicting-social-harm.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.944998 | 731 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Jason Singh’s sound installation launches in our Gallery
A new sound installation by sound artist and nature beatboxer Jason Singh is now open in the Gallery at Dartington, running until 15 September.
Careful readers of Resurgence magazine will have noted a recent article featuring our artist-in-residence Jason Singh discussing his exploration of the sonic potential of the 2,000 year old yew tree here at Dartington, and the prospect of collaborating with it through an auditory project. That potential has now been unlocked with a new work called Land:Scapes which weaves together four layers of audio determined by electrical impulses coming directly from the tree. These have been mixed together and then combined with a field recording from the location of the tree, which features the sound of birds, wind rustling through trees, and other environmental sounds. The result is a deeply affecting auditory experience, which simultaneously connects us with the ecological world and reminds of our dependence on it.
Jason has worked with a MIDI sprout device which uses sensors to capture electrical signals from the plant/tree and converts this information into notes, played through digital instruments like synthesizers. He then edited, processed, and arranged those raw musical recordings, to produce the work. All the notes that you can hear have been generated by the tree, and have not been interfered with. The tempo and additional effects such as reverb and delay are the only elements that have been added to enhance the listening experience, if and when needed.
The work is about listening to our environment, and encourages us to become more connected with the world. It’s hoped that the installation inspires the listener to think about the relationship between ourselves and the world in which we live, as well as reminding us to take time to use our ears to experience the world in a more open-minded way.
The process behind the show is a collaboration between the artist, the plant and the musical technology, demonstrating a kind of work that engages with things that are not usually recognised as collaborators.
The MA Arts and Ecology is designed to help students develop creative projects in the context of the climate crisis and the ecological, social, and ethical challenges we all face. The course takes a metadisciplinary approach and begins with the recognition that the world is alive and we can no longer act upon it as if it is inanimate. If you’d like to find out more, and to apply, click the button below. | <urn:uuid:dc9c627a-9244-41d2-b141-30039e34e0bc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://campus.dartington.org/jason-singhs-sound-installation-launches-in-our-gallery/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.962486 | 497 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Article Writing Homework Help. Write a 4 pages paper on site planning and construction method. For the construction of the art gallery these points were kept in mind while reaching the final design.Considering these points and a fe
Write a 4 pages paper on site planning and construction method. For the construction of the art gallery these points were kept in mind while reaching the final design.
Considering these points and a few other, the most suitable design suggested is a RCC frame structure. The columns and beams both the storey will be at same positions but the position of the partition walls for both the storey will have different positions. The partition walls for all the rooms except the entrance hall and the lobby will be of brickwork while that of the entrance hall and lobby will be of hollow PCC blocks.
The location of the site dictates the orientation of the building. The building will face the Lower Ham Road while the lobby will be open at the south, the opening will face the south bank of Thames. The reduced level i.e. the plinth level of the building will be kept well above the boat house to facilitate the river view for the lobby.
The construction plan firstly involves the planning of the program. The gradual execution of projects and activities and the allocation of time and resources to different activities will be done by using planning aiding software i.e. MS Project. In order to avoid conflicts and problems proper constraints and deadlines will be applied to the activities regarding time and resources (procurement as well as human resource.
Excavation and Foundation: The excavation will be carried out using excavator while the geology of the site i.e. near the river requires deep foundations which will be done by drilling precast RCC piles
Super Structure: As stated in the brief the super structure will be a frame structure with brickwork partition walls for all the rooms except the entrance hall and lobby which will utilize hollow PCC blocks in partition walls
As shown in the plan of the ground floor, there’s a large window on the side of the lobby facing the river to facilitate the riverside view. The geometric staircase ensures lesser use of space but looks aesthetically good. | <urn:uuid:d129f1d5-f19d-4fe2-b4f2-ed2b923f20a2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://qualityhomeworkanswers.com/article-writing-homework-help-8046/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.926159 | 443 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Search a Conference through our dedicated search page
Developing a comprehensive understanding of the varied and complex processes associated with the formation of massive stars requires connecting a wide range of environments and physical size scales from galactic disks down to individual massive sources. Combining large scale surveys of our galactic plane with the sub-arcsecond images in the millimetre and sub-millimetre which ALMA now routinely produces, in principle allow us to map the flow of material from galactic environments through clouds to protostars. Increasingly these observations probe not only the structure and kinematics of regions, but also their chemistry and magnetic fields. Wide field surveys also help to place massive star formation in the wider context of the environment of our galaxy as well as other, more extreme, galaxies. With the massive increase in spatial dynamic range and the volume of data now becoming available this meeting will provide the opportunity to assess the current state of our knowledge of massive star formation. In addition, it will help identify the key issues for future work and look forward to the expanding opportunities ALMA will continue to offer in the fields of galactic and extragalactic massive star formation as well as those provided by JWST, ELTs, SKA, ngVLA and other facilities in the future. | <urn:uuid:c06dad44-44ef-448a-8a1f-a21ab2ec3b7e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://machprinciple.com/conference/8124/Tracing-the-Flow-Galactic-Environments-and-the-Formation-of-Massive-Stars | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.922897 | 259 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Exhibits include a focus on the lives of the pioneers who first came to the area included in Grant County. Represented are the Native Americans, the miners who discovered "GOLD" in 1862, the pioneers and settlers who followed, the Chinese who came to work the gold fields. Life sized mannequins who represent some of those famous people add personality to the collections. Shown are the tools these people worked with, the guns with which they fought and hunted, the twisted ropes used to bring justice to the frontier town. There are gold mining artifacts, Chineses artifacts, three large rock collections and much, much more. | <urn:uuid:f2071bfb-7a02-4001-910d-d4d8e85fc5f5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://visiteasternoregon.com/poi/grant-county-historical-museum/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.974475 | 129 | 2.671875 | 3 |
- Programme structure allows you to maintain your dental practice at the same time as studying for your degree.
- Delivered by a team of academics at the King's Dental Institute – a renowned centre of international excellence for teaching and research - many of whom are world leaders in their field.
- King's has pioneered distance learning in dentistry, providing
postgraduate teaching for students from many different countries and is a leading partner in the IVIDENT (International Virtual Dental School) initiative.
Subjects covered include major health problems and current public health measures, epidemiology, prevention and control of oral and dental diseases, health education and social and behavioural sciences.
You will carry out a public health research project and study the following modules:
Year one: Introduction to Dental Public Health, Principles of Epidemiology, Principles of Statistics and Applied Statistics;
Year two: Sociology as Applied to Medicine & Dentistry, Oral Health Promotion & Education, Administration in Community Dental Services; Year three: Research Project.
Programme format and assessment
The first two years' modules assessed by formal written examination once a year, normally in October, either in London or, for overseas students, at centres in the student’s country of residence. Course work also counts towards final module assessment and four assignments for each module taken into account. Modules assessed by formal written examination (60%) and course work (40%) and Year three is assessed wholly on research report. Summer schools are held in August, for those wishing to take the DDPH examination. | <urn:uuid:f3b7feb7-c665-4db3-811f-db77212f90da> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.educaedu.co.uk/master-dl-dental-public-health-masters-14244.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.921637 | 321 | 1.875 | 2 |
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