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A Seismic Shift in Thinking – Shriek an absurd novel – Q&A With Author Davide A. Cottone
| Post by Carolyn Martinez |
In this Q&A With Author Davide A. Cottone, the writer shares insights into the writing and reception of his novel Shriek: an absurd novel, and on the writing industry in general.
His experience spans 50 years across novels, musicals, plays, and poetry.
Davide introduced me to the Absurd genre. Frankly, before I read his book Shriek: an absurd novel I didn’t even know what the Absurd genre was. The cover enticed, the exemplary writing held me.
Davide wrote the book to join the discussion/debate on how the world could change for a better future.
‘When the dominoes fall, it will be the lateral thinkers not the reactionaries who will triumph,’ he says.
In the past, writers have written fables and parables to make social commentary.
Davide has used the Absurd genre, and in so doing the parallels with current world events surrounding the rise of Donald Trump, Kim Jong Un, Bitcoin, the demise of conservative religious values, people’s social response to broken government promises, and new technologies are so compelling, it’s ludicrous.
‘The world can be a mad place and sometimes we need to proffer absurd solutions to confront or at least contain situations that are spiralling out of control,’ Davide says.
He argues that technology, and the social implications of the populist mindset, has necessitated a seismic shift in thinking and the corresponding changes to the structure and organisation of society are inevitable.
He says we need to ‘take the wisdom of the ages and reapply to the problems of today’s world.’
Shriek: an absurd novel is a fictional work about Aleph, an ‘idiot savant’ confronting a maelstrom of social, political, economic, technological and religious upheaval.
The content and the genre mean that this book is for the lateral thinkers. Conspiracy Theorists, philosophers, academics, and those with an interest in social commentary are likely to enjoy the book.
I’m keen to see comments from people who’ve read Shriek.
One could put hundreds of interpretations to this book.
It’s one I can envisage as a catalyst for debate in universities, especially in sociology or political courses.
THE MAN BEHIND THE TAPESTRY THAT IS SHRIEK;
Q&A WITH DAVIDE A. COTTONE:
What is it about writing that draws you to the craft?
To do some genetic engineering by mingling my thoughts (DNA) with those of my audience.
Especially when I write in the absurd genre, the end product can very well be something one never intended.
That’s very exciting.
Read Shriek: an absurd novel and you’ll know what I mean.
You’ve written 5 novels, musicals, plays, and 2 volumes of poetry. Tell us two of your most outstanding experiences/memories.
The musicals and plays have been performed in Australia and overseas and they comprise my most outstanding experiences and memories by far.
With a live audience, the interaction and feedback is immediate. You know if you have achieved your goal of getting your message across without having to wait for faceless reviewers to determine your success or otherwise.
My latest novel, Shriek: an absurd novel where I wrestle with the statement by Salvador Dali is my most challenging. He claims, Madmen think they are sane, I know I am mad. As a result, I don’t know where I stand. Hence the novel. It could be a trap to tie you to the same dilemma!
Is your greatest love plays, poems or novels?
Poetry is my first great love; it’s really heart-to-heart stuff.
Plays and especially musicals are my other great love. It’s the in-the-raw, face-to-face interaction with a live audience that consumes you whether you are writing it or seeing it performed.
My third and greatest love is fiction based on fact. It allows me to create super humans out of mere mortals.
Can I have three great loves please?
Your writing career has spanned over fifty years. Summarise for us what you’ve learned during that time.
It often doesn’t matter how well you write, it’s the chatter that matters.
You have to have a pathway for getting your work out there.
You have to get people talking about your work and wanting to own it.
What do you see as the characteristics that a writer needs to be successful?
To be true to the genre as well as add something different, something new.
How do you choose your storylines?
I listen to the buzz. What people are talking about at any particular time gives me the opportunity to put my views forward.
I try to give them a picture of how I think it is, rather than pander to them with what they want to hear.
Not always a good strategy and that’s why you have to wait a generation sometimes before the audience is far enough removed to grasp the point which is so often in their face, yet they don’t want to acknowledge it.
Give us your take on traditional versus Indie publishing.
Traditional publishing is dead. Indie publishing is the new reality. It is augmented reality personified.
What is your background and how did you become a writer?
I am a farmer’s son. He planted seeds in the soil and hoped they would grow. I plant words and ideas into people’s minds and hope they will grow.
One of your novels – Vietnam: Viet-Bloody-Nam – has been adapted into a play. What was that experience like?
Brilliant and it was so easy.
It’s a good book with a strong and everlasting message that was easy for the playwright to get across and for the audience to grasp.
Which has been your most successful commercial product and why do you think it was popular?
My historical fiction novel Canecutter has been my most successful commercially.
The feedback from the novel made me realise how the power of the phenomenological experience transcends all barriers to understanding, compassion and empathy.
There is a social agenda in that book that cuts across all human experiences.
The teacher, the lawyer, the doctor, the street-lounger and the bum are all able to walk the walk through the North Queensland sugarcane fields and identify it as their own albeit on another stage.
We hope you’ve enjoyed this Q&A With Author Davide A. Cottone. You can find all of his books showcased in our Bookstore. | <urn:uuid:11091c23-b73d-44f1-af10-9baa30941062> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hawkeyebooks.com.au/a-seismic-shift-in-thinking-shriek-an-absurd-novel-in-conversation-with-davide-a-cottone/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.95126 | 1,459 | 1.609375 | 2 |
The defendant gave three contradictory stories to explain a valuable painting found under his bed. He appealed his conviction, saying the judge should have given a Lucas direction to the effect that the fact that he had lied, did not mean inevitably that he was guilty. Many defendants to handling charges will give stories which will not be believed.
Held: A Lucas direction need not always been given, and it would be absurd to suggest one was always required in handling cases. It was necessary to avoid the ‘forbidden lines’ of reasoning, but that had been done in this case.
Lord Justice Rose, Mr Justice Jackson and Mr Justice Owen
England and Wales
Cited – Regina v Lucas (Ruth) CACD 1981
People sometimes tell lies for reasons other than a belief that they are necessary to conceal guilt.
Four conditions were identified which must be satisfied before a defendant’s lie could be seen as supporting the prosecution case:-
(1) . .
Cited – Regina v Middleton CACD 12-Apr-2000
Where a defendant was shown to have lied in the course of proceedings it need not always be necessary to give a Lucas direction. In some circumstances the jury could properly be expected not to follow a prohibited line of reasoning without such a . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.
Updated: 28 April 2022; Ref: scu.168066 | <urn:uuid:dc0d79a4-4d01-4617-a761-0baa2b1d5016> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://swarb.co.uk/regina-v-barnett-cacd-7-feb-2002/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.970434 | 317 | 1.898438 | 2 |
The Ministry of Agriculture was not able to meet the target for fertilizer supply in 2021. The Ministry of Food and Agriculture says it may be difficult for the government to flag off the ‘Planting for Food and Jobs’ programme in 2022 because of anticipated shortages of fertilizer supply.
With Russia being the lead supplier of fertilizer, the country is even going to face greater difficulty because of the current conflict situation between Russia and Ukraine.
The only solution to this is to rely on organic fertilizer, as said by Mr. Akoto at the Soil Health Stakeholder Forum organized by the Israeli Embassy.
“We couldn’t achieve the target of volumes of fertilizers that we thought we could distribute last year. With what is happening on the international market, Russia being a country that produces a lot of fertilizers, supplies will be a challenge. As a Ministry, we have anticipated based on what happened last year, instead of putting all our eggs in one basket, we’re trying to expand the organic base fertilizers,” he said.
A non-governmental organization and a pool of private fertilizer companies, African Fertiliser and Agriculture Business Partnership (AFAP), meanwhile says it will diversify sourcing to enable them to meet the demand of Ghanaian farmers.
Country manager for AFAP, Nana Aisha Mohammed said “since the onset of COVID-19, we had a rude awakening to the fact that something had to be done about improving the local capacity of fertilizer production and fertilizer blending. This awakening has also been increased by the ongoing situation in Russia and Ukraine as these are big giants of fertilizer manufacturing”.
With new partnerships, come new opportunities and sourcing. We look forward to focusing on diversifying outsourcing opportunities beyond Russia and Ukraine”.
The Israeli embassy in collaboration with the Ministry of Food and Agriculture, AFAP, and AGRA held a Soil Health Stakeholder Forum.
Israeli Ambassador to Ghana, Shilomit Sufa, revealed that the forum is among many projects by her outfit to contribute to Ghana’s agricultural sector.
“Our plans going forward are in two main channels. One is the economic and commercial corporation that we want to establish here with relevant Ghanaian companies and investors. The other one is continued work of the embassy providing these corporations with necessary help,” she said.
Head of Trade and Economic Mission, Embassy of Israel, Ayelet Levin-Karp explained the purpose of the forum, saying “we see soil health as one of the important compartments of the good and strong agricultural sector.”
“We feel that this is an important thing to be discussing because there are a lot of changes going on in this market with the rise of the price of fertilizer as well as political issues affecting the supply of fertilizer. As an embassy, we feel the time has come in Ghana to educate the vital role soil plays,” she stated. | <urn:uuid:e2daea5e-a704-4349-bc80-f791097f0899> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://africanharvesters.com/2022/03/04/ghana-may-face-fertilizer-shortages-in-2022/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.954427 | 603 | 1.695313 | 2 |
3 edition of On the edge found in the catalog.
On the edge
1991 by Pan Macmillan Children"s Books .
Written in English
|Statement||compiled by Aidan Chambers.|
|Series||Pan young adults|
|The Physical Object|
|Number of Pages||164|
Established in as a radio ministry of pastor and author Chip Ingram and has since grown into an international discipleship ministry. We create Biblical teaching and tools that challenge and equip spiritually hungry Christians all over the world to become mature disciples of Jesus. Edge is a civil war veteran named Josiah Hedges, the son of a Mexican father and a Swedish mother. After returning home from the war and finding his home burned to the ground and his crippled younger brother Jamie slaughtered, goes on a killing spree that stretches for over fifty books. Mar 31, · Three spoiled brats from Philadelphia go to Scotland to look for the Loch Ness monster in the middle of World War II. "I pointed out, as gently as I could, what I’d hoped was obvious: that it made no sense whatsoever to throw ourselves into the middle of an ocean crawling with U-boats on a quest to find a monster that probably didn't even exist," explains Maddie Hyde as she embarks on that Author: Sara Gruen.
digest of the laws and ordinances for the government of the municipal corporation of the city of Reading, Pennsylvania
Crater Lake National Park, Oregon
Cosmopolitans money guide
Music Through the Recorder
Skin, beauty and health
Taking a Stand on Education
Education in Korea
Arthur V. Watkins Dam Enlargement Act
Introduction to higher algebra.
Une Experience Rhetorique
List of the serial publications of foreign governments, 1815-1931
Glossary of documentation terms.
Birds of the Soutwest
Decisions in United States history
Specification for cleanliness of fillings and stuffingsfor bedding, upholstery, toys and other domestic articles.
Life The "Best of Edge" Book Series Pulitzer Prize winner EDWARD O. WILSON reveals what ants can teach us about building a superorganism—and, in turn, about how cells build an organism * Harvard University’s DANIEL LIEBERMAN reports on long-distance running and the evolution of the human body * The Selfish Gene author RICHARD DAWKINS and genetics pioneer J.
CRAIG VENTER compare. His past and present are mixed. The past is the More. Jan 04, · Swiftness and ruthlessness carry the book's On the edge book, keeping readers on the well, check the title again Rumors are that "Edge" might kick off a new series for Deaver [and] Corte's combination of professionalism and duplicity offer the chance for conflicts, both internal and external, to /5().
Oct 21, · The Edge: The Guide to Fulfilling Dreams, Maximizing Success and Enjoying a Lifetime of Achievement [Howard E. Ferguson] on allesfuersjagen.com *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. The Edge: The Guide to Fulfilling Dreams, Maximizing Success and Enjoying On the edge book Lifetime of Achievement.
The whole idea is to somehow On the edge book an edge/5(39). allesfuersjagen.com To arrive at the edge of the world's knowledge, seek On the edge book the most complex and sophisticated minds, put them in a room together, and have them ask each other the.
On the Edge was an excellent first book in the Edge series and there wasn’t a single thing I didn’t like about it. The concept was unique (where the Edge is a strip of land between conflicting worlds), the magic system was fun (different types of magic from shapeshifting to reanimation), the characters were a delight (as always), and the 4/5(K).
The Edge is a young adult novel written by Alan Gibbons which was published in The book tells the story of Danny Mangam, a teenage boy On the edge book in an abusive home. After Danny and his mother escape her abusive boyfriend, he also confronts a number of problems caused by his mixed allesfuersjagen.com: Alan Gibbons.
The Edge book series On the edge book George G. Gilman includes books The Loner, Ten Thousand Dollars, American, Apache Death, and several more. See the complete Edge series book list in order, box sets or omnibus editions, and companion titles.
Search the world's most comprehensive index of full-text books. On the edge book library. Hampton-Brown Edge: Reading, Writing, & Language © Prepare all students for college and career success with dynamic National Geographic content and authentic, multicultural literature.
book chapters, and books. Noteworthy publications include the International Reading Association position statement on adolescent literacy and the. The Galaxy's Edge Universe is established by the nine book series of the On the edge book name, and follows the Galaxy's spiral into chaos at the hands of Galactic Republic officials and an enigmatic, would-be emperor with a dark power from beyond the Edge, intent on saving a.
The complete series list for - Edge George G. Gilman. Series reading order, cover art, synopsis, sequels, reviews, awards, publishing history, genres, and time period. Jun 05, · Quick start guides about Windows 10 (including Windows Defender, printing, maps, photos), Surface Book, and Microsoft Edge.
In his review of On the Edge, Bob Pitt, editor of the online Marxist journal WhatNext and a former member of one of the groups profiled in the book, the Workers Revolutionary Party (WRP), stated that the "central purpose of the book is to mount a slanderous attack on the On the edge book left, which often goes further than anything you might read Author: Dennis Tourish, Tim Wohlforth.
Apr 20, · Next up in our series, A Week with Microsoft Edge we’re talking about how the browser is built for books and reading. With the Windows 10 Creators Update, we’ve worked to make reading in Microsoft Edge a great experience and have expanded the type of content you can read right within the browser.
You can [ ]. Book products from Living on the Edge. Jan 15, · Under Preferred languages, select Add languages and choose the languages that you'd like to have easily available in Microsoft Edge. You can even have Microsoft Edge translate pages that are in languages that aren't in your list.
Do more with Microsoft Edge by adding extensions. Go to Settings and more > Extensions to open the Extensions page. Mar 30, · A fore-edge painting is a scene painted on the edges of the pages of a book.
The painting is not visible when the book is closed. In order to view the painting, the leaves of the book must be. I downloaded Translator For Microsoft Edge Version from the Microsoft Store this morning and installed it for the first time.
The Edge browser shows it as installed and enabled, but when I visit websites such as allesfuersjagen.com, nothing is translated.
There is no link to invoke the translator. It's a waste of my time.3/5(62). The Edge lies between worlds, on the border between the Broken, where people shop at Wal-Mart and magic is a fairy tale—and the Weird, where blueblood aristocrats rule, changelings roam, and the strength of your magic can change your destiny Charlotte de Ney is as noble as they come, a.
Sep 17, · Painted Book Fore Edge. Edges / Fore Edge – The edges of the leaves and the textblock as a whole.
On more expensive books you will likely find the fore edge has been painted with a hidden painting (known as foredge painting or art) or has gilt edges (smoothed and painted, normally with gold leaf or gold paint).
Fore-edge Painting Examples. A student is not a level and a book is not a level either. A book has descriptors and factors that may make it difficult — but what makes it difficult for one student is not what makes it difficult for another student. Scholastic EDGE is meant to be a seamless partner within the classroom.
Scholastic EDGE Strategy and Skill Building notes comprehension and vocabulary/word study skills. Options help you customize the prereading experience to address potential challenges and supports related to genre, text type, book features, and key words.
Book ScanCenter Elite. The Scannx Book ScanCenter Elite is designed for high-volume high-traffic areas where productivity and image quality are paramount. The state-of-the-art, book-edge unit can scan an 11x17" page in dpi black and white in under 5 seconds.
Edge Virtual Tour. Contact Rep | Learn More. Student Reading and Language Book. Interactive Practice Book. Grammar and Writing Practice Book. Teacher's Edition. Interactive Practice Book Teacher's Annotated Edition.
Grammar and Writing Practice Book Teacher's Annotated Edition. Language and Grammar Lab Teacher's Edition. Assessment Handbook. Anselm Berrigan Integrity & Dramatic Life. Primitive State Some Notes On My Programming They Beat Me Over the Head With a Sack Zero Star Hotel. Jules Boykoff.
Describes a book by Steven Stein, Ph.D. 'The EQ Edge' is one of the few books that not only clearly defines what emotional intelligence is and how it differs from IQ, but also tells readers what practical steps they can take to enhance their emotional intelligence quotient.
Culture on the Edge sponsors two separate book series with Equinox Publishers. Get a flyer here (PDF). Published by Equinox Publishers. This book series is aimed at the classroom and invites respondents to work with the group on key theoretical issues of relevance to the study of identification.
Learn more about the Ford Edge. See the Ford Edge price range, expert review, consumer reviews, safety ratings, and listings near you/5. Sep 29, · On the Edge has a very urban fantasy feel, and Andrews retains a balance of action, humor and darkness that I truly enjoy.
In many ways this is an urban fantasy book, but the differences are enough to push the still new genre into a wider interpretation/5. Edge is a core Reading/Language Arts program designed for striving readers and English language learners in Grades reading below.
Welcome to myNGconnect, your one-stop portal for online materials available with your favorite National Geographic Learning instructional programs. To begin, select your destination below and click Go.
Nov 29, · Organize the web in a way that cuts through the clutter, making it easier to find, view, and manage your content allesfuersjagen.com world class compatibility, performance, and new features, the new Microsoft Edge is the only browser you’ll ever need.
The new Microsoft Edge features: A more personalized browsing experience/5(K). The Storytelling Edge. The Book. The Authors. Contact. The Book. The Surprising Science and Power of Storytelling Unlocked. The Storytelling Edge.
Get The #1 Amazon Release Today. Buy now on Amazon. As I read the last chapter of On The Edge, I found my heart so full of the Holy Spirit that I thought I would explode. When I closed the book for the last time, I realized that I was crying.I cannot tell you how this book has changed my life and my husband’s.
Aug 07, · The fore edge is the vertical edge of the book opposite the spine, where the pages are unconnected. Once you can negotiate the geography of a book. Universally recognized as “The Bible Of The Cutting Edge,” this book belongs in the library of anyone who’s serious about sharpening.
Written by Guinness world record holder John Juranitch, it contains all the knowledge and insights gained during his more than 45 years in the sharpening industry. The Slight Edge isn’t just another personal development book.
It’s an entirely new way of thinking; a way of processing information that enables you to make the SIMPLE daily choices that will lead you to the success and happiness you desire.
It’s NOT another motivational method you must learn in order to travel the path to success. Aug 23, · First, they came for the bookstore, then they came for the books. In April Microsoft stopped selling books via the Microsoft Store, and a few days ago Microsoft posted a support page saying Edge will no longer support popular ebook format ePub.
The page, titled “Download an ePub app to keep reading e-books”, notes [ ]. May 01, · Earlier, we covered How to Sync Edge Bookmarks Across Windows 10 allesfuersjagen.com feature will be even more useful now that the Edge browser for iOS and Android has been released.
Using your Microsoft. Over The Edge Books is an alternative publishing pdf. We publish stories and art that may be overlooked as important by traditional publishers.
We are a voice for the underground cultures in music, visual arts and literature.Jul 02, · The Edge of Never is by download pdf the best of her work. Okay I may be a little bias 'cause I love books heavy on angst, where the couple doesn't just throw themselves into bed, but eventually gets there and gives me some of the hottest scenes that perfect my O face and activates the launch sequence for book boyfriend jealousy/5.Microsoft Edge.
M likes. Get world-class performance with more privacy, more productivity, and more value while you browse. Get the new Microsoft Followers: M. | <urn:uuid:dc47807d-ddf4-40a2-8e2c-ecc2a247bd28> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gibodemowyjicic.allesfuersjagen.com/on-the-edge-book-21805ve.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.907734 | 2,915 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Dr. Pam Eddinger is the president of Massachusetts’ largest community college. She is also a national advocate for education policies that could change the lives of her students and those like them across the country.
The first thing Eddinger wants people to know about community college students is how different they are from their four-year peers. At Bunker Hill, less than a mile from the historic battle site, 65% of the 12,000 students are part-time and 67% are students of color. The average student age is 26. While 77% of the students across the river at Harvard and MIT are in the upper two quintiles of income, that same percentage of students at Bunker Hill are in the bottom two.
Nowhere have these differences become more obvious than in the fallout from COVID-19. Not only has the pandemic disproportionately affected the lives of community college students, it has, in Eddinger’s words, “cracked the whole system wide open.” As she and her team work to plug holes in service and hang on to students at risk of dropping out, she wonders if this will be a chance to show the world what her students are up against; and the effort that it takes for them to continue their education in any given year.
Since the pandemic, Eddinger has appeared more frequently in the media and on webinars discussing these subjects and calling out a higher ed culture that she believes misunderstands community colleges while at the same time pressures them on performance. The following is a transcript of our conversation in September.
MCF: How has COVID-19 affected your students differently than the average college student in this country?
PE: My students are entirely different from four-year college students in terms of age, income, and a host of life circumstances that have made them particularly vulnerable to the pandemic. Almost all of our students work; many of them work full time. Three out of five of them are parents and half of those parents are single moms. The center of their lives are their children, their jobs, their family. Even though they know very clearly that getting a degree is going to raise them in terms of income and potentially break them out of generational poverty, college is the first thing they have to give up.
We worry that, because things are so stressful, if our students drop out, they will never come back. There’s no waiting it out at home or taking a gap year. There is such a stigma around community colleges that folks think there is a low bar to get here. Folks don’t see students leaving a community college as that important. But every time a student walks out that door, it is a loss of human potential.
Students are also suffering right now from the lack of wraparound care we used to deliver. Community colleges have become social service hubs so when COVID hit, and we had to close the physical campus, students lost connection to resources. With the sudden disruption of COVID on campus as well as their personal lives, all the deteriorations are magnified.
MCF: You have been in leadership positions at community colleges throughout your career. Can you tell us more about the “cracks” in the system and what you think the impact of this exposure might be?
PE: I think this is a real inflection point for us and it points to the tension that exists in higher education. I’ll give you an example. We have at least one of our campuses with a large number of English language learners. From the traditional lens, which looks at community colleges as communities of deficit, the common narrative says, “These are English language learners who have all these deficits to fill.” But the more accurate and asset-based narrative is that “These students will be multi-lingual in a couple of years and their language skills bring them a better salary and a steady job.”
So our students are caught in a cycle – being seen as lower performing, therefore less deserving of funding and place at the bottom of college rankings. Traditional higher education doesn’t have the mentality of being “student ready,” to meet the students where they are. Rather, they want the students to be “college ready.” And yet, we have done a poor job in our communities of color and of poverty to ensure that resources and services are available to prepare them. COVID just exposed the results of systemic failures that have been a century in the making.
We have spent a good portion of the post-World War II period saying to our society that higher education is important. My colleague Michael Collins at Jobs for the Future, a national education non-profit based in Boston, explained it to me well. We had the GI Bill, we had the Truman Commission Report, and we had the Higher Education Act. Each one was fundamental to the growth of higher education. But when you look at the results of these legislative actions, you see the GI Bill only served 5% of people of color. The Truman Commission Report allowed us to grow a system of community colleges, but students enrolled without adequate support services that would make them successful. And the Higher Education Act gave us the Pell Grant that was almost immediately outstripped by inflation.
When you look at education policy, none of it acknowledged the fact that you have populations that were previously repressed and underserved. We create a mobility narrative that if you work hard, if you have grit and resilience, you will succeed because we will put a degree in your back pocket, off you go into a good job and prosperity. But that’s not always true, because there are many barriers along that path. The flip side of that narrative is if you happen to fail, then that failure is ascribed to your character. You are a failure. You are morally deficient. The judgment of the poor is simply brutal.
For the last two decades, higher ed has been saying to community colleges, “You are not performing; you’re only graduating 15% of your students in two years.” So we say, “Students can only take three or four classes a semester because most work, so they can rarely finish two years, or even three.” It is not about the students’ ability to learn, or the college’s ability to teach. It is about mismatched expectations.
When our students come to us, 95% are below college level in math; 45% are below level in English. So we spent the last two decades trying to accelerate their learning, but no matter how much acceleration you do, because of all of these other factors, it is often a stop-and-start, stop-and-start. There’s not enough funding for me to say, “I’m going to pay you to come to school full time.”
A decade ago, the State would support 70% of the student’s cost of education. The student pays 30% either out of pocket, or through federal financial aid. Ten years hence, the student is paying 70% and the state is paying 30%. We also struggle with a funding formula within the public higher education model that does not acknowledge the immense work going on at community colleges. We receive a quarter of the funding, but educate 50% of the undergraduates in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. When people say, “It takes a lot of money to do research,” I say, “It takes a lot of money to get someone from 9th grade to college level in a year.” How we fund, how we measure, how we set expectations – we must be sensitive to the work of each higher education sector, and understand that we are all developing human potential, along the same trajectory, but starting in different places.
MCF: What happens next? Are there any new strategies that are coming from your experiences over the last six months?
PE: We are still in the middle of the crisis, but a few things are becoming clear. We will definitely be taking advantage of the fact that we know better how to learn and work online. We can use those skills to build flexibility for our part time students, our student parents, and others. We are also looking into what kind of services we can create to transform the delivery of services. Counseling, tutoring, and other supports are critical to student success.
The big questions that we struggled with before the pandemic were: “Why aren’t students staying and completing? Why is there a gap in the performance between white students and students of color? As a field, we have been laser focused on curricular and pedagogical fixes. But what COVID drove home for me was the critical importance of a sense of place, a sense of belonging, a sense of caring that we need to communicate to our students.
It’s hard to explain to people unfamiliar with community colleges the courage it takes for a single mom, with two kids, working two jobs, and trapped in generational poverty, to even walk across our threshold. They are scared but they want to learn and do better for their family. But if you leave her to do this without support, and without genuine care and encouragement, we will lose her. Each one who leaves is a waste of human potential. Each one we allow to leave us is heartbreaking.
Part of this work involves recognizing cultural wealth, the capital our students bring with them that traditional higher education may not recognize. We sometimes hear it labeled as grit or resilience; if we look closer, as scholars like Tara Yosso at the University of California Riverside has done, cultural wealth is a set of abilities developed through lived experiences and can be leveraged to support our students in their academic journey. It is not enough to say we are a diverse college and have mentoring and academic support. We need to realize that one of our systemic failures is routinely seeing students of color, immigrants, first generation students, almost any post-traditional student for that matter, as representations of deficits. If we wish our students to succeed, we have to change this narrative, and treat them and their cultures as assets.
I know this from personal experience as an Asian woman and an immigrant. A first-time college student who went to Barnard and then Columbia. When a non-white person goes to a large university of relative prestige, we are many times flattened into a representation of one particular thing. That objectification and alienation is real. I don’t think we talk about lived experiences and cultural identity enough when we talk about wraparound support services. We must do more to recognize the immense strengths students possess in cultural capital.
Fortunately, we have begun this effort by building the idea of cultural wealth into our pedagogical practices. We developed a Center for Equity Cultural Wealth to support the development of curriculum and teaching practices that are culturally relevant, and community grounded. We are learning that the lived experiences of our students, when reflected back to them as experiences of value and assets, become powerful foundations for them to build an academic identity, and eventual succeed. It is even more powerful when they find community and affinity on their academic journey. Role models, classmates, those who can show them the way and mirror back their successes.
When campus re-opens and we have our physical space once again, we will be more mindful about making these human connections along with restoring academic and basic needs support. The pandemic taught us that place and identity are as basic and necessary as teaching and learning in the classroom.
MCF: Your students are the pipeline for four-year schools who are eager to bring in more students of color, more “first gens.” What can they do to help?
PE: There are many things they can do. The most important is a seamless transfer without credit loss. There is a belief at four-year institutions that our students, when they have graduated, are not prepared. Somehow our English 101 is different from their English 101. We need a straighter path that says, “Okay, if you have an associate degree from a community college, we will accept you as a junior in your field of study.” That’s what California did. I think we’re moving in that direction here in the Commonwealth. I had a student from Vietnam whose English was so bad, they wouldn’t hire him at Stop & Shop. When he left here with his associates degree, he went to MIT and graduated as a bio-chem major. We absolutely should not second-guess human potential, because human potential, when given a chance, always wins.
Dr. Eddinger began her tenure at BHCC in 2013, and previously served as president Moorpark College in Southern California from 2008. Her service in the Community College movement spans more than 25 years, with senior positions in academics and student affairs, communications and policy, and executive leadership. In addition to the chairpersonship of the community college national reform network Achieving the Dream (ATD), Dr. Eddinger serves on a number of boards and commissions. She was honored in 2016 by the Obama White House as a Champion of Change. She earned a bachelor’s degree in English from Barnard College in New York City and her masters and doctorate in Japanese Literature from Columbia University. | <urn:uuid:2ae87b60-086c-4f69-8431-11bb1120e9f3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://marychristieinstitute.org/mary-christie-quarterly/qa-pam-eddinger-ph-d-president-of-bunker-hill-community-college/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.97442 | 2,748 | 1.976563 | 2 |
It is important to use clear and unambiguous language in agreements. This has once again been demonstrated by a recent judgement of the Supreme Court. Because of ambiguities in franchise agreements, franchisees of Albert Heijn may have lost millions.
What exactly the rights and obligations are of parties under an agreement depends on the interpretation of this agreement. Not only the text of an agreement plays a role in this but also various other circumstances. It must be considered, for example, what the parties have said to each other during negotiations, which intentions they have and what their negotiation position is. It is also important how the parties have implemented the agreement. Generally speaking, the clearer and more unambiguous the wording of the agreement, the less likely it is that additional circumstances will have to be taken into account in the interpretation.
A lot can depend on the interpretation of an agreement. Based on the interpretation, the parties will have to perform the agreement. This may sometimes lead to disputes. As, for example, in the following case:
Albert Heijn has concluded a large number of franchise agreements allowing franchisees to operate an Albert Heijn shop. These agreements contain unclear terms on the basis of which the financial settlement of the parties takes place. These terms include, for instance, ‘tax price’, ‘undistributed margins’ and ‘action discount result’.
The franchisees complain that Albert Heijn has wrongly used these stipulations to their detriment. As a result of this, the franchisees would have missed out on income. Albert Heijn relies on the fact that it interpreted the stipulations in the same way the accountants, including those of the franchisees, applied them when carrying out the financial settlement.
The Amsterdam Court of Appeal did not go along with the complaints of the franchisees. It ruled that the interpretation of the agreements as given by the accountants could be attributed to the parties.
The Supreme Court disagrees. The fact that the accountants of Albert Heijn and those of the franchisees agreed on the interpretation and application of the unclear terms, does not mean that the franchisees agreed to this interpretation. Also, the franchisees must be given the opportunity to prove their intentions on concluding the agreement by means of witnesses.
The Supreme Court refers the case to The Hague Court of Appeal. It will have to judge whether Albert Heijn has indeed paid too little to the franchisees.
In the case described above, the franchisees’ income depends on the interpretation of the franchise agreement of Albert Heijn. The fact that such a confusion could have arisen was due, among other things, to unclear wording in the franchise agreements. The judgement is therefore a good reminder to be clear and unambiguous in the wording of agreements and to seek legal assistance if necessary. This way, misunderstandings and thus legal proceedings with witness examinations can be avoided.
Do you have any questions regarding a franchise agreement? Or would you like us draw up a franchise agreement or check a standard agreement? We are also happy to help you in the event of a dispute or regarding the interpretation of a franchise agreement. Please contact us:
In the second quarter of 2022, there are again a number of changes in laws and regulations. This blog highlights the most significant changes for entrepreneurs and employers.
Does your company save personal data of EU citizens outside the EU? In that case you also have to comply with the European privacy regulation, the GDPR. Even if somebody else processes the data for you. How do you arrange this?
Since 1 June 2022, new rules apply to distribution agreements. What are the most important changes for suppliers and distributors?
As from 1 August 2022, new rules apply to mandatory employee training. What measures do employers have to take to comply with the new regulation?
Employers are no longer allowed to prohibit ancillary activities of employees without any reason. But what can you, as an employer, do to prevent your company or your employees from getting into trouble because they take on another job?
Do the new rules of the Supreme Court for the assessment of employment contracts also have consequence for management agreements? Case law has not decided yet. This can be seen from the judgments of the Arnhem-Leeuwarden Court of Appeal and the District Court of Midden-Nederland about the management agreement of the CFO of Volksbank. | <urn:uuid:9962da23-43f1-458d-8981-da982e45015b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.russell.nl/en/publication/beware-of-vague-wording-in-franchise-agreements/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.947694 | 887 | 2.109375 | 2 |
How did Samuel obey God?
How did Samuel obey God? (He went to see Jesse. He waited for God to tell him who to make king.) Samuel obeyed God when he showed that David would be the new king. Samuel showed that he loved God by obeying Him.
What happened to Samuel in the Bible?
Samuel died sometime during Saul’s years of pursuing David, but the disgraced king would see the old prophet one more time. When the king found that he could no longer talk to God—he had killed the priesthood, leaving only one, who was with David—he sought out a spiritist, a witch at Endor.
What did Samuel do?
The prophet Samuel (ca. 1056-1004 B.C.) was the last judge of Israel and the first of the prophets after Moses. He inaugurated the monarchy by choosing and anointing Saul and David as kings of Israel. … He seemed able to penetrate the future, and the people looked upon him as a prophet.
Why was Samuel needed in Israel?
Why was Samuel needed in Isreal? There was chaos in Isreael and no leadership, and the people were forgetting God. … He felt that God was Israel’s king. | <urn:uuid:9bb0ccf3-802b-404a-a3fb-9d958b4c7a47> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://saintleonards.org/biblical-reading/what-did-samuel-do-when-god-called-him.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.988643 | 259 | 3.203125 | 3 |
Successfully enforced marine protected areas (MPAs) have been widely demonstrated to allow, within their boundaries, the recovery of exploited species and beyond their boundaries, the spillover of juvenile and adult fish. Little evidence is available about the so-called ‘recruitment subsidy’, the augmented production of propagules (i.e. eggs and larvae) due to the increased abundance of large-sized spawners hosted within effective MPAs. Once emitted, propagules can be locally retained and/or exported elsewhere. Patterns of propagule retention and/or export from MPAs have been little investigated, especially in the Mediterranean. This study investigated the potential for propagule production and retention/export from a Mediterranean MPA (Torre Guaceto, SW Adriatic Sea) using the white sea bream, Diplodus sargus sargus, as a model species. A multidisciplinary approach was used combining 1) spatial distribution patterns of individuals (post-settlers and adults) assessed through visual census within Torre Guaceto MPA and in northern and southern unprotected areas, 2) Lagrangian simulations of dispersal based on an oceanographic model of the region and data on early life-history traits of the species (spawning date, pelagic larval duration) and 3) a preliminary genetic study using microsatellite loci. Results show that the MPA hosts higher densities of larger-sized spawners than outside areas, potentially guaranteeing higher propagule production. Model simulations and field observation suggest that larval retention within and long-distance dispersal across MPA boundaries allow the replenishment of the MPA and of exploited populations up to 100 km down-current (southward) from the MPA. This pattern partially agrees with the high genetic homogeneity found in the entire study area (no differences in genetic composition and diversity indices), suggesting a high gene flow. By contributing to a better understanding of propagule dispersal patterns, these findings provide crucial information for the design of MPAs and MPA networks effective to replenish fish stocks and enhance fisheries in unprotected areas.
Citation: Di Franco A, Coppini G, Pujolar JM, De Leo GA, Gatto M, Lyubartsev V, et al. (2012) Assessing Dispersal Patterns of Fish Propagules from an Effective Mediterranean Marine Protected Area. PLoS ONE 7(12): e52108. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0052108
Editor: Sebastian C. A. Ferse, Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology, Germany
Received: May 7, 2012; Accepted: November 12, 2012; Published: December 20, 2012
Copyright: © 2012 Di Franco et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funding: This research was funded by the Italian Ministero dell’Istruzione e dell’Università (PRIN Project: protocol no. 2008E7KBAE). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Many studies have highlighted the positive effects of successfully enforced marine protected areas (hereinafter MPAs) on populations of exploited coastal fishes in both tropical and temperate areas –. On a global scale, these studies have shown that density, biomass and size of exploited species tend to increase under protected conditions (see , , , and references therein).
Due to a number of processes (e.g. density-dependent effects, ontogenetic migrations and diffusive movements), MPAs may also provide benefits to outer areas through spillover of juvenile and adult fish (see for a review). There is an increasing body of scientific evidence suggesting that spillover of mobile adults from MPAs may replenish nearby exploited populations and therefore enhance fisheries adjacent to MPAs . An additional process leading to population replenishment and fisheries enhancement in outer areas is the so-called ‘recruitment subsidy’ (following , see also references therein), i.e. the export of propagules (eggs and larvae) from MPAs.
MPAs hosting a high density of spawners (large-sized, mature individuals) have the potential to increase the occurrence of spawning aggregations (i.e. high-density groupings of conspecific fish gathered together for the purpose of reproducing) and, more in general, to generate a greater propagule production compared to fished areas , . Therefore, besides the potential to enhance adjacent fisheries through spillover, some modeling studies suggest that MPAs can produce propagules that could be retained and/or exported outside their boundaries, even towards sites located at quite large distance , . From this perspective, the use of MPAs as a way for improving ecosystem-based management has been widely advocated as crucial and complementary to large-scale spatial planning , .
While there is an abundant literature reporting cases of fish population recovery inside MPAs , a scarce body of evidence is available about the actual role of MPAs in sustaining fish stocks in fished areas beyond MPAs’ borders through propagule production and export . Determining whether and how this process actually takes place is considered one of the major research gaps in MPA science . A pre-condition for the increase in propagule production and the consequent retention/export from an effective MPA is the recovery of population abundance and structure within the MPA compared to outside. When this happens, the benefits of protection within the MPA have the potential to extend also well beyond its boundaries through larval dispersal and settlement support, highlighting the need to have well-enforced MPAs .
Empirical estimates of propagule retention/export are rare, due to the difficulties associated with tracking small-sized fish propagules from their natal origins through the pelagic environment to their possible settlement locations –. Direct methods for assessing propagule retention/export are also hindered by the dramatically low concentration of propagules in the open waters, while indirect approaches, such as microchemistry and genetic methods, have just begun to adequately describe spatial patterns of connectivity , –. Modeling approaches, conversely, have been widely used to investigate dispersal patterns and provide useful scenarios for management –. In particular, Lagrangian (i.e. individual-based) models allow the integration of physical hydrodynamic models with data on key biological traits. Biological information is typically represented by the timing of placement of eggs and/or larvae (i.e. spawning dates for fishes) and the time spent in the plankton (i.e. pelagic larval duration, hereinafter PLD), that, along with information about swimming speed and patterns of vertical migration, may help refine estimates of dispersal patterns , .
Most Lagrangian model applications are based on PLD values and spawning dates from single estimates (in space and in time) that have been extrapolated over larger scales. This is understandable due to the effort (time and resource consumption) and specific competences (e.g. ability to analyze otolith microstructure) required to get reliable information on PLD and spawning or birth dates. There is increasing evidence, however, that these biological traits significantly change in time and space –, suggesting the need to use spatially and temporally proper (i.e. contextual) data to refine local predictions on dispersal patterns of propagules. In addition, studies aimed at assessing potential retention/export of propagules from MPAs on the basis of dispersal models usually lack supporting field-based evidence. Only very few studies, in fact, have investigated spatial and/or temporal patterns of settlement in supplying MPAs or nearby fished areas, strongly suggesting propagule export of mollusks and fishes , , . Nevertheless, empirical measures of larval dispersal are still largely missing (but see –). While measuring propagule production and abundance is often difficult, settlement of newly metamorphosed larvae at appropriate habitats, which reflects abundance patterns of successfully settled larvae, can be quite easily investigated .
Information on patterns of spatial connectivity of fish populations can be obtained using a number of approaches (e.g. field data, modeling, genetic patterns; ) that can contribute to a better understanding of propagule retention and/or export from MPAs. This information is essential for the design of single MPAs and of MPA networks.
The aim of the present work is to investigate the potential propagule production and retention/export of a coastal fish from a Mediterranean MPA (Torre Guaceto MPA, SW Adriatic Sea). The white sea bream (Diplodus sargus sargus, Linnaeus 1758) was selected as a model species due to its ecological and economic importance , . The originality of this study is the use of a multidisciplinary approach combining field observations, modeling of larval dispersal and molecular genetics to: 1) assess population recovery inside the MPA, 2) simulate patterns of retention and export of propagules from the MPA, 3) explore the effects of potential retention/export from the MPA on settlement patterns and on the genetic structure of the population(s) studied.
Study Area and Species
The study was carried out at Torre Guaceto MPA (hereinafter TGMPA, 40°42′N; 17°47′E) and in surrounding unprotected areas up to about 100 km away from TGMPA borders. TGMPA is located in southeastern Italy, along the Apulian Adriatic coast (Mediterranean Sea; Fig. 1, Table 1). It was formally established in 1991, but enforcement became effective around 2000–2001 due to the previous shortage of MPA personnel and surveillance from maritime authorities (e.g. coast guard). The entire MPA covers 2227 ha, stretching along about 8 km of coastline, and is subdivided into three zones: (1) a no-take/no-access reserve (zone A, 179 ha); (2) a general reserve (zone B, 163 ha) and (3) a partial reserve (zone C, 1885 ha), where restrictions to human activities become progressively less severe. Access to zone A is restricted to scientists, reserve personnel and police authorities. In zone B only recreational bathing from the coast is allowed. In zone C, both professional and recreational fishing are allowed subject to permission of TGMPA management body, with the exception of spearfishing. Outside the TGMPA, fishing regulations are less restrictive compared to within the MPA (e.g. spearfishing is allowed, and recreational and professional fishing are regulated by national laws). The TGMPA is effectively enforced and this is demonstrated by the clear ‘reserve effect’ observed at population and community levels .
Arrows indicate the sampling sites. Black arrows indicate sites within TGMPA, dark grey arrows indicate sites north of TGMPA borders and light grey arrows indicate sites south of TGMPA borders. See Table 1 for name and coordinates of the sampling sites.
The climatological circulation pattern of the Southern Adriatic Sea, where the study area is located, is characterized by well-known current and gyre structures –, such as the cyclonic Southern Adriatic (SAd) gyre located in the southern sub-basin. The SAd gyre is interconnected (with seasonally varying characteristics) with the Middle Adriatic (MAd) gyre (located in the central sub-basin) by two coastal currents: one flowing southward along the whole western coast from the Po delta to the Otranto Strait (Western Adriatic Coastal Current or WACC), the other flowing northward from the Otranto Strait along the eastern coast and reaching the central Adriatic sub-basin (Eastern Southern Adriatic Current or ESAC, ).
The white sea bream, Diplodus sargus sargus (Linnaeus 1758), usually inhabits the littoral zone in shallow waters down to about 50 m , . It is targeted by many professional and recreational fisheries, and consequently shows a clear increase in density and size when protected from fishing , , . Adults are relatively sedentary and demersal, and produce eggs and larvae that develop in pelagic waters during a period ranging from 14 to 28 days , , . Then post-larvae metamorphose and settle at about 1 cm total length (TL) in shallow (<2 m depth) coastal benthic habitats, mainly small bays with mixed sand and rocky bottom , –.
Sampling Design, Data Collection and Statistical Analysis
Density, size distribution and biomass of adults (i.e. reproductive individuals >18 cm, ), and density of settlers (i.e. specimens <1.5 cm) were assessed at fourteen sites along approximately 200 km of the Apulian Coast in the South Adriatic Sea (Fig. 1, see Table 1 for names and coordinates of sampling sites). Two sites were placed inside the Torre Guaceto Marine Protected Area (TGMPA) and twelve sites were outside (six northwards and six southwards) in surrounding unprotected areas up to ∼100 km from the MPA.
Each site was defined as a stretch of coastline 10–100 m long. At each site, a total of 24 replicated visual censuses were carried out (n = 16 for settlers, n = 8 for adults) for a total of 336 replicates. Due to the high number of replicates, the sampling for settlers was carried out by two operators equally partitioning the number of replicates within each site.
Density and size of adults were estimated in July 2010 by scuba underwater visual census using strip transects of 25×5 m at 6–10 m depth. In each transect, abundance and size of fish encountered were recorded. Fish size (total length, TL) was recorded within 2 cm size classes. Fish wet-weight was estimated from size data by means of a length–weight relationship available from the literature and referring to Mediterranean samples .
Density of settlers was evaluated during the settlement peak in June 2009 by means of snorkeling visual census along strip transects of 25×2 m , at 0–2 m depth. For both adults and settlers each transect was explored in ∼10 min. Actual number of fish encountered was recorded up to 10 individuals, whereas larger groups were recorded using categories of abundance (i.e. 11–30, 31–50, 51–200, 201–500, >500 ind.; see ). Transects were parallel to the coastline, in small embayments (i.e. 200–400 m) with shallow rocky habitats alternated with sand patches, which represent the preferential habitat for settlers of D. sargus sargus , , .
Sampling sites were randomly selected out of a pool of possible sites having similar features in terms of habitat types’ coverage and exposition.
Concomitantly with density estimates, settlers of D. sargus sargus were collected for a preliminary genetic analysis. Settlers were collected in June 2009 at three separate sites within the study area: (i) one site (Punta Penna Grossa) within the TGMPA, (ii) one site (Torre Pozzella) located ∼20 km north of the MPA, and (iii) one site (Punta Penne) located ∼15 km south of the MPA. Genetic analyses were conducted on a sub-sample of 96 individuals, including 48 from the MPA, 24 from Torre Pozzella and 24 from Punta Penne. After collection both post-settlers and recruits were immersed in an ice slurry (<5°C) to minimize suffering and then stored in 95% ethanol. The experimental fishing activity was performed in strict accordance with the authorization protocol provided by the Italian Ministry of Agriculture, Foods and Forestry Politics (Permit Number: 0011267–2010).
To test for potential differences in fish densities along the study area, two univariate PERMANOVA analyses were carried out separately for adults and settlers. An asymmetrical sampling design was adopted that included the following factors: Geographic Area (GA; Fixed factor with three levels: North, MPA, South) and Site (Si, random factor, nested within GA, with 2–6 levels: 2 in TGMPA, 6 in South and North). Linear distance (Di) in km from TGMPA boundary (set to 0 for the two sites within TGMPA) was used as a covariate. Distances were measured using georeferenced satellite imagery from Google Earth (http://earth.google.com).
The same experimental design was adopted to test for potential spatial variation in biomass of adult specimens. Post-hoc pairwise tests were carried out, whenever appropriate, if PERMANOVA detected significant differences.
Putative differences in adult size among GAs were tested using 1-way PERMANOVA, which does not involve any assumption about the distribution of the variable. For each GA, individual fish size data were pooled and plotted as size–frequency distributions. Statistical analyses were run using Primer 6 PERMANOVA+software package (Plymouth Marine Laboratory).
Adriatic Forecasting System and Lagrangian Simulations
The study area is covered by the Adriatic Forecasting System (AFS) which provides daily oceanographic model outputs consisting of simulation (for the past time) and forecast for the next 10 days , . The output products of the model are daily fields of ocean temperature, salinity and current on a regular three-dimensional grid. AFS products are produced and delivered by Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica and Vulcanologia (INGV, http://gnoo.bo.ingv.it/afs).
The model used is the POM (Princeton Ocean Model). It is a three-dimensional finite difference, free surface, primitive equation numerical model, based on the Boussinesq and the hydrostatic approximation and a split mode time step. The AFS model domain encompasses the whole Adriatic basin and extends south of the Otranto channel into the northern Ionian Sea, where the only open boundary is located. The AREG (Adriatic REGional model) grid has a horizontal resolution of about 1/45° (about 2.2 km), on 31 σ-layers. The surface fluxes are interactively computed using sea surface temperature predicted by the model and realistic atmospheric data provided by the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) with a frequency of six hours and a resolution of 0.25°. AFS is nested into the Mediterranean Forecasting System, MFS , that provides to AFS the initial and lateral boundary conditions for temperature, salinity and velocity. The lateral boundary conditions are taken from MFS on a daily basis. In MFS the use of the data assimilation allows the reconstruction of the ocean dynamics in the past by merging model simulations with satellite and in situ observations.
The Lagrangian simulations used in this work were performed by using the User Visualization Tool (UVT), a software developed by INGV that ingests the AFS model products allowing the user to derive particle trajectories by simulation. Each Particle (P), representing a single propagule, is described in terms of its spatial position (Px,y,z) at each time step (t). The depth at which the particle is released at the beginning of the simulation (t = 0) was kept constant along the entire simulation as quantitative data is not available to support alternative assumption on larval behavior and vertical movements for the studied species.
UVT calculates current velocity components (ui,j,vi,j) for each particle location (Pi,j) at time t (spatial and temporal interpolation of AFS model output) using the information provided at each grid point by AFS products. UVT then calculates the movement of the particle ((ui,j,vi,j)×dt) where dt corresponds to the time step of integration. The new position of the particle at t+dt is then calculated. The horizontal resolution of the AFS model grid does not allow a precise simulation of hydrodynamic processes very close to the coast, and this should be taken into account when interpreting simulated dispersal patterns.
Results from otolith analysis taken from provided information on the spawning schedule and PLD. Passive particles were released in UVT within TGMPA and tracked for 17 days (the average PLD estimated through otolith analysis; ) in order to assess dispersal patterns from TGMPA. Simulations were carried out at three different depths (1, 5 and 10 meters) along the water column. These depths were selected based on the available information on vertical distribution of white sea bream propagules, indicating that larvae are more frequently collected within 0–10 meters . Twenty-four particles were released during each simulation. The number of particles was set up after preliminary analyses that did not highlight any detectable difference in trajectories increasing the number of particles to over 24 (Coppini and Lyubartsev, data not reported). The number of particles, therefore, was chosen in order to allow a clear visualization of trajectories of tracers.
The starting positions of the particles were defined over an equally spaced grid within a circle of 5 km around the actual sampling position. Simulations were started in coincidence of 4 spawning dates that were back-calculated from otolith analysis - namely 9th, 11th, 13th, 15th of May, 2009– and were aimed at representing the oceanographic regime occurring at the time of, and in the 17 days following, the spawning events. A total of 12 simulations (arising from the combination of 4 spawning dates and 3 depths: 1 m, 5 m and 10 m) were performed. High consistency among repeated simulations (i.e. two simulations carried out under the same experimental setting) was observed during preliminary analyses.
Minute sections of the caudal fin were digested in a lysis buffer containing 100 µl TE Buffer, 7 µl 1 M DTT (dithiothreitol) solution pH 5.2 (diluted in 0.08 M NaAC) and 2 µl proteinase K solution (20 mg/ml) for at least 8 hours at 56°C. After incubation at 96°C for 10 min, samples were centrifuged at 13,000 rpm for 11 min, and the supernatant was stored at −20°C.
Genotypes were examined at a total of 12 microsatellite loci originally developed for the gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata , that positively amplified in D. sargus sargus. Microsatellites were grouped into two separate multiplexes in order to reduce PCR and genotyping costs (Table 2). PCR products were obtained in a GeneAmp PCR System 2700 Thermocycler (Applied Biosystems) using the QIAGEN Multiplex PCR Kit. PCR reactions consisted of 2 µl template DNA, 5 µl QIAGEN Multiplex PCR Master Mix, 0.2 µl 10 µM forward and reverse primers and water up to 10 µl. PCR conditions were as follows: 15 min at 95°C, 35 cycles of 30 sec at 94°C, 90 sec at 57°C and 1 min at 72°C and final elongation for 30 min at 60°C. PCR products were visualized on 1.8% agarose gels and screened for microsatellite polymorphism using an ABI 3130 AVANT automatic capillary sequencer (Applied Biosystems).
Within sample genetic diversity was assessed by observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosities per locus using GENETIX version 4.05 and allelic richness (AR) using FSTAT version 22.214.171.124 . Diversity values across samples were compared with one-way ANOVA using STATISTICA version 10 (StatSoft). Deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and linkage disequilibrium were tested using GENEPOP version 3.4 . Significance levels for multiple comparisons were adjusted using the sequential Bonferroni technique . Presence of null alleles was tested using MICROCHECKER version 2.2.3 .
Prior to the population structure analysis, the statistical power of the markers employed was assessed with POWSIM . We tested a range of predefined levels of expected divergence (FST = 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1) using an Ne value of 1,000. Differences in allele and genotype frequencies among samples were assessed using Fisher's exact test as implemented in GENEPOP. Significance levels for multiple simultaneous comparisons were adjusted using Bonferroni as described above. Population structure was explored by nonhierarchical AMOVA and by calculating pairwise FST between samples in ARLEQUIN 126.96.36.199 . Population substructuring was also explored with the software STRUCTURE , a model-based clustering algorithm that infers the most likely number of groups in the data. The software organizes individuals into a predefined number of clusters (K) with a given likelihood, which might represent putative populations. The analysis was performed for 1< K <3, with five replicates per K and using the admixture model. A burn-in length of 104 iterations followed by 106 additional Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) iterations were performed. The most likely K was determined using the criterion of .
Spatial Distribution Patterns of Adults and Settlers
Density of adult D. sargus sargus was significantly affected by distance from TGMPA, i.e. it decreased with distance from TGMPA borders. Within TGMPA density was significantly higher than that observed at both northern and southern GAs (122±51, 11±9 and 6±3 ind./ha respectively; Pairwise tests: TGMPA>North = South, Fig. 2). Density significantly varied among sites (Table 3).
Significant differences in average body size were found among GAs (p<0.001, Fig. 3). Pairwise tests highlighted that bigger fish sizes were observed within TGMPA compared to South and North areas (p<0.001 for both pairwise tests) while no significant difference was detected between South and North.
Biomass of adult white sea bream was related to distance from TGMPA (with density decreasing at increasing distance from TGMPA borders) and it was significantly higher at TGMPA than at northern and southern areas (58.5±2.3, 6±2.4 and 10.9±2.2 Kg/ha; pairwise tests: MPA>North = South, Fig. 2). Adult biomass did not vary significantly at the spatial scale of sites (Table 3).
Density of settlers was not related to distance from TGMPA and was significantly affected by GA. The highest density of settlers was found within the TGMPA (14431.25±4205 ind./ha, mean±S.E.), followed by that observed at the southern GA (9808.33±1438.75 ind./ha), while the lowest values were found at the northern GA (2202.08±624.65 ind./ha). Mean density of settlers at both TGMPA and southern GA were significantly greater than the mean values in northern GA (pairwise tests: TGMPA = South>North, Fig. 4). Density of settlers significantly differed among sites (Table 4).
Simulated Dispersal Trajectories and Travel Distances
The twelve simulations (4 release dates×3 depths) generated with the UVT showed that the particles released from TGMPA stayed in part within TGMPA and in part flowed southward, with travel distances ranging between few kilometers and about 180 kilometers (Fig. 5, 6, 7).
Simulations started respectively a) on 9th, b) 11th, c) 13th, d) 15th of May. All simulations lasted 17 days.
Simulations started respectively a) on 9th, b) 11th, c) 13th, d) 15th of May. All simulations lasted 17 days.
Simulations started respectively a) on 9th, b) 11th, c) 13th, d) 15th of May. All simulations lasted 17 days.
Simulations carried out at three different depths (1 m, 5 m and 10 m) were in agreement in terms of overall southwards direction for all release dates considered, but differed in terms of dispersal distance. Particles released at the shallowest depth (1 m, Fig. 5) travelled at distances between few kilometers (<2–5 km) and about 100 km of coastline, while those released and travelling at 5 m (Fig. 6) and 10 m (Fig. 7) depth travelled from few kilometers (<2–5 km) to about 180 km of coastline.
Values of genetic diversity in all settler samples are detailed in Table 5. Similar values were observed for all diversity indices including observed (Ho = 0.617–0.692) and expected (He = 0.677–0.721) heterozygosity and allelic richness (AR = 7.78–9.77). All comparisons across samples using one-way ANOVA were statistically not significant (p>0.5). Only four out of 34 tests departed from HWE, but none were significant after Bonferroni correction. The software MICROCHECKER showed no evidence for scoring errors due to stuttering or large allele dropout. No linkage disequilibrium was observed between any pair of loci after Bonferroni correction. Simulations using our empirical microsatellite data in POWSIM, taking into account the sample size of each population and a wide range of predefined FST values, showed that our markers have enough statistical power to detect FST values ranging from 0.001 to 0.1 (p = 1.000).
Comparison of allele frequencies among samples showed no significant differences in settlers at any locus or across all loci (p = 0.221). AMOVA analysis suggested no genetic sub-structuring (FST = 0.001), with no significant differences within (FIS = 0.071) or among sites (FIT = 0.072). All pairwise comparisons were not significant (p>0.05). The software STRUCTURE inferred one single population as most likely (K = 1; ln likelihood = −3864.8) in comparison with K = 2 (ln likelihood = −3990.1) or K = 3 (ln likelihood = −4098.6).
This study provides a strong indication that TGMPA is effective in protecting adults (i.e. spawners) of the white sea bream D. sargus sargus, accordingly with previous results and the patterns observed for other Mediterranean MPAs , , . In fact, TGMPA hosts the highest density and biomass of larger sized spawners across the 200 km of the sampling area along the southern Apulian Adriatic coast. Therefore, TGMPA can be considered as one of the potentially most effective sources of propagules (eggs and larvae) of white sea bream in the SW Adriatic Sea.
This hypothesis matches the findings related to a congeneric species (Diplodus vulgaris) that was demonstrated to have a potential egg production approx. 15 times higher within TGMPA than in outer fished areas .
These findings allow to hypothesize an effectively enhanced production of propagules and subsequent retention/export from TGMPA, with potential effects on population recovery/replenishment within the TGMPA and in the surrounding areas. High densities of large-sized spawners within MPAs are well known to enhance breeding stock biomass , favor the occurrence of spawning aggregations and, consequently, generate far greater production of propagules compared to fished areas , , .
Even though it is reasonable to say that local populations within effective MPAs could self-sustain via propagule retention and/or seed unprotected areas via propagule export , empirical evidence is scarce and sometimes controversial , , . Retention and/or export from a source area are mechanisms mostly driven by dispersal at the larval stage. Marine currents and long pelagic larval phases imply a high potential for long-distance dispersal in marine organisms –. Literature examples indicate a wide range of larval dispersal distances for fish, which may vary from a few meters to hundreds of kilometers (with an average of ∼100 km; –). In the case of D. sargus sargus, a larval dispersal of ∼100–200 km has been recently reported using otolith chemistry , a spatial scale which agrees with the results of the Lagrangian simulations presented here.
Although larvae may have the potential to disperse over large distances, fractions of those produced locally may be retained near the spawning areas –. This is generally attributed to local oceanographic structures favoring retention along with larval behavior and swimming ability, which allow larvae to swim towards or stay at the (suitable) habitats that already host the adults of the same species, sometimes contrasting sea currents . Fish larvae can reach (or be retained in) suitable sites for settlement thanks to powerful sensory cues (i.e. olfactory, hearing and celestial) that are used for orientation in the pelagic environment (, and see for a review). In the present study, even though simulated particles were considered as passive, the Lagrangian simulations supported the hypothesis of propagule retention within TGMPA thanks to the presence of coastal eddies preventing a fraction of larvae to disperse far beyond the TGMPA boundaries.
It is well know, however, that larval behavior and particularly vertical migration can affect dispersal pattern . Therefore, the incorporation of behavioral information in Lagrangian models can deeply influence the predicted output of the models –. Reliable information on the pattern of vertical migration in larvae is nonetheless scarce and most Lagrangian simulation exercises considered particles as passive (see ). Looking at the scanty literature available on the subject, a higher rate of retention is observed whenever larval behavior is accounted for (i.e. , ). It is thus possible that our model might have underestimated larval retention at TGMPA. Further modeling and field studies will be necessary in the future to thoroughly investigate pattern, magnitude and geographical range of larval dispersal in this geographical area.
The evidence arising from the three approaches adopted in the present study (visual census, Lagrangian modeling and genetics) suggests a high degree of connectivity between the MPA and adjacent areas at the spatial scale investigated, indicative of transport of propagules well beyond the MPA boundaries. All simulations showed a general southward export, while dispersal distances varied depending on the depth of simulation. Similarly, using dispersal models in large estuarine systems of North America, other authors found a significant variability in spatial patterns of dispersed particles related to depth .
Lagrangian simulations and settler density observed in the field (considered as a proxy of larval production) agreed in suggesting both propagule retention and export mechanisms directed southwards. Density of settlers, moreover, did not vary significantly with distance from TGMPA, suggesting a fairly homogenous propagule dispersal in open waters over a scale of ∼100 km. On the other hand, density of settlers varied among sites, which could reflect a different suitability for settlement of coastal sites as a function of habitat type.
A significant export of larvae beyond TGMPA boundaries, as predicted by model simulations, is in agreement with the observed homogeneity found in our preliminary genetic study. Comparison of samples obtained in TGMPA and neighboring areas showed no differences in genetic variability or genetic composition, which indicates that the TGMPA is not isolated and that there is genetic connectivity among sites at the scale of approximately 50 km. The pattern of dispersion suggested by the oceanographic model could explain the genetic similarity between the TGMPA and southern sites, with down-current sites effectively replenished by TGMPA. However, the genetic homogeneity between TGMPA and northern sites cannot be explained by larval dispersal from TGMPA under the simulated oceanographic regime, as all particles originating from TGMPA either stayed within the protected area or moved southward. As a consequence, the observed genetic homogeneity could be due to gene flow from northern sites towards TGMPA and even more southern sites. In addition, a gene flow between TGMPA and adjacent northern areas could be ascribed also to the exchange of juvenile and adult individuals between TGMPA and northern sites. Evidence of connectivity among TGMPA and the adjacent northern areas has been documented only for juveniles . Alternatively, as evidenced by –, under particularly strong Sirocco (i.e. the wind blowing from the southeast) conditions the dominant southward WACC may reverse in direction resulting in a northward dispersal of larvae potentially able to homogenize the allele frequencies between TGMPA and the northern sites. From this perspective at the spatial scale investigated in the present study TGMPA does not seem to act as a genetic diversity reservoir. However this statement should be taken cautiously because the sampling scheme we adopted is not fully suitable to investigate this noteworthy point that would deserve further investigation. Additional genetic work including a large number of sampling sites and an higher number of samples in each site should be conducted to confirm the results from this preliminary study.
Gotelli coined the term ‘propagule rain’ to describe the possible spatial decoupling between propagule production at spawning sites and juvenile replenishment occurring at settlement sites, due to dispersal at larval stage. Conceptually, propagule rain does not involve a priori any directionality in dispersal (i.e. sensu ). A number of field studies showed that abundance of fish larvae was indeed higher near MPAs and decreased, with no specific directionality, with distance from MPA boundaries , , . Similar patterns were found also for mollusk settlers (used as a proxy of larval production , ). A mechanism similar to Gotelli’s propagule rain but characterized by a strong directionality might instead occur in the coastal region investigated in the present study: the results of the oceanographic simulations support the hypothesis that the specific ‘directional’ pattern observed in settlement in the SW Adriatic can be ascribed to the specific hydrodynamic conditions (e.g. current regimes) and topography of this region.
This picture does not match completely with the ‘directional’ patterns we have found in the SW Adriatic, which could be due to differences in early life-history traits of species belonging to different phyla (mollusks vs fishes), or differences in hydrodynamic conditions (e.g. current regimes) and topography (e.g. continuous coastline vs islands) among the different study areas.
Pelc et al. discussed the conditions under which dispersal can be more easily detected: 1) short distance of larval dispersal from the source (e.g. a MPA), 2) directional dispersal and 3) appropriate sampling schemes. Particularly in case of a 10 km MPA with a 15-fold higher production compared to outside (as recorded for a congeneric fish at TGMPA, ), spatial pattern at settlement for long-dispersing species (>50 km) did not show any decline across the MPA’s boundary and over tens of kilometers. On the other hand, a large decline was modeled for short-dispersing species (i.e. <10 km) . From this perspective the absence of difference among MPA and downcurrent area (i.e. South) in density of settlers could be explained by an effective dispersal of white seabream larvae, estimated to be >100 km in the study area . Conversely, the difference between TGMPA and up-current area (i.e. North) in terms of settlement magnitude could be due to a reduced larval dispersal northwards as suggested by Lagrangian simulations. However, in the absence of further evidence (e.g. arising from empirical measures of larval dispersal, –) such an hypothesis has to be taken cautiously.
Fishes are generally characterized by relatively high larval dispersal compared to mollusks. The white sea bream displays a fairly wide larval dispersal of at least 200 km along the SW Apulian coast . The directional dispersal observed in the present study, the spatially replicated design used here, along with the use of multiple approaches, allowed us to obtain converging evidence about the dispersal patterns of D. sargus sargus around TGMPA in SW Apulia. These findings support the idea that TGMPA could produce benefits that go well beyond its boundaries.
The lack of knowledge on whether and how MPAs can benefit fisheries through propagule export remains a major roadblock to successfully designing and implementing MPAs worldwide , . Properly assessing patterns of propagule dispersal from MPAs is crucial and the results of the present study offer useful information to build up guidelines to design both single MPAs and networks of MPAs that may satisfy both conservation and management needs. Our study also highlights the importance of integrating different approaches (field sampling, modeling and genetics; see also ) to investigate propagule dispersal from MPAs and get reliable convergent evidence on patterns of fish propagule dispersal.
In conclusion, the present study provides some elements suggesting that, in the case of D. sargus sargus in the SW Adriatic, a network of effective and self-sustaining MPAs (as it seems to be the case for TGMPA) placed at a distance of 100–200 kilometers could provide benefits for both conservation and fishery output thanks to the replenishment of fished areas through larval export. Carrying on similar studies on a number of representative species and in other areas, and possibly also taking into account propagule inflow in MPAs (e.g. using Lagrangian back-tracking techniques), will make it possible to draw more general conclusions that may help design effective regional networks of MPAs.
Authors wish to thank Christian Vaglio, Manfredi Di Lorenzo (University of Salento), Commander Ugo Adorante (Nucleo Subacqueo Carabinieri, Bari, Italy) and his team (Pietro Di Pinto, Gianfranco Simonini, Carlo Del Console, Fabrizio Pichierri, Gianni Sgariglia, Roberto Ciccacci, Mauro Bellini) for assistance during field work. Thanks also to Dr. Sandro Ciccolella (Director of Torre Guaceto MPA) and his staff for helpful assistance. Many thanks are due to Rita Sahyoun (CNRS-EPHE, France) for invaluable assistance in preparation of genetic samples, to Prof. K. Robert Clarke (Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, UK), Prof. Marti J. Anderson (Massey University, NZ) and Prof. Antonio Terlizzi (University of Salento) for their invaluable suggestions about experimental design.
Authors wish to thank the editor Dr Sebastian C. A. Ferse and the two anonymous reviewers for their useful comments which have helped us greatly improve the manuscript.
The experimental fishing activity was performed in strict accordance with the authorization protocol provided by Italian Minister of Agriculture, Foods and Forestry Politics (Permit Number: 0011267–2010).
Conceived and designed the experiments: ADF PG LZ JMP MG PM GDL. Performed the experiments: ADF PG LZ JPM MG PM GDL GC VL. Analyzed the data: ADF PG LZ JPM MG PM GDL GC VL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: ADF PG LZ JPM MG PM GDL GC VL. Wrote the paper: ADF PG LZ JPM MG PM GDL GC VL.
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- 101. Gotelli NJ (1991) Metapopulation models: the rescue effect, the propagule rain, and the core-satellite hypothesis. American Naturalist 138: 768–776.
- 102. López-Sanz A, Vert N, Zabala M, Sabatés A (2009) Small-scale distribution of fish larvae around the Medes Islands marine protected area (NW Mediterranean). Journal of Plankton Research 31: 763–775.
- 103. López-Sanz A, Stelzenmüller V, Maynou F, Sabatés A (2011) The influence of environmental characteristics on fish larvae spatial patterns related to a marine protected area: The Medes islands (NW Mediterranean). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 92: 521–533.
- 104. Bradbury IR, Campana SE, Bentzen P (2008) Estimating contemporary early life-history dispersal in an estuarine fish: integrating molecular and otolith elemental approaches. Molecular Ecology 17: 1438–1450. | <urn:uuid:7ebaa9c8-0eb1-43e5-9574-ae8175bc14e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0052108 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.883047 | 14,902 | 2.828125 | 3 |
In this paper, the effect of viscous heating on the stability of a non-Newtonian fluid flowing between two parallel plates under the effect of a constant pressure gradient is investigated. The viscosity of the fluid depends on both temperature and shear rate. Exponential dependence of viscosity on temperature is modeled through Arrhenius law. Non-Newtonian behavior of the fluid is modeled according to the Carreau rheological model. Motion and energy balance equations that govern the base flow and the stability of the flow are coupled and the solution to the problem is found iteratively using a pseudospectral method based on the Chebyshev polynomials. In the presence of viscous heating, the effect of activation energy parameter, Prandtl and Brinkman numbers, material time and power-law constants on the stability of the flow is presented in terms of neutral stability curves. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:a6ca8aa4-650e-4a38-9c37-a29aef6c6884> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://avesis.aybu.edu.tr/yayin/e74a778e-d330-4829-90d0-c8dc5bc5526f/viscous-heating-effects-on-the-linear-stability-of-poiseuille-flow-of-an-inelastic-fluid | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.911645 | 197 | 2.09375 | 2 |
People who are intense need of help can just rely on the generosity of strangers who can help them make their lives better. Many people donate to various charities or non-profit organizations to help those who are in deep need. But that’s not enough you need to encourage more people to donate so that it can produce a greater impact on the social cause. To obtain such results you need to make more people understand the cause and also help them understand their social responsibility and moral duty.
But how will you do it?
Here are some ways to encourage people to donate:
Focus appeals on a single person:
“It does not matter how much we donate; it matters whether the donation is meaningful. How to define meaningful? Let society and history judge,” said Ronnie Chan, a Hong Kong billionaire businessman.
Well, a study in the UK suggests that people tend to donate to provide aid to a single individual with a name and face than to someone who is anonymous. But the charities and other non-profit organizations focus on helping as many people as they can, so they need to present their cause in a very effective manner so that their potential donors can connect with the cause emotionally and mentally. Charities need to provide a clear report about how the donation money is used and how larger impact it can offer. This will help the donors to gain trust with the organization and will try to donate more.
Help people to feel their emotions, rather than repress them:
As we already cleared that people are more likely to support an individual than a group because people think that the needs of a larger group can be emotionally overwhelming. Try to present your cause with compassion and emotions so that people can connect with the cause. If your stories are lacking in creating an emotional connection with your donors then people will not be able to feel their emotions and will try to repress them. Make them understand how their donations can offer positive results in making this world a better place.
Tie giving to a sense of identity and purpose:
Tying generosity with the identity of an individual can help in increasing their generous intentions. A study says that when a person donates to a charity, no matter if it’s not money, still if they feel their essence in what they are donating will encourage them to donate more. People who tend to donate their personal things are more likely to stay committed to helping others than those who donate money or something less personal.
WE Charity is an international charity and educational organization founded by Marc Kielburger who is passionate to help the needy and is working very closely with their organization to support various serious causes. | <urn:uuid:81aa9c09-ee24-4768-92cf-0df83ffdabaa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://plantyourpencil.com/how-to-encourage-people-to-donate/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.970904 | 535 | 2.484375 | 2 |
The Triangle is a universal type of reading with a very clear and evident structure. It casts light upon the three elementary dimensions of past, present, and future. It follows the wisdom of the Nordic Norns and the Roman Parcae. Choose your question with care - the more precise the approach, the more helpful the answer.
This is one of the most classical tarot spreads, asking for past, present and future. This reading is universally useful and it follows - like most relevant matters in our lifes - the flow of time, with roots in the certain and immutable past, a strong relation with the present which is shaping everything, and an outlook into the uncertain future. Within this logic, you can address any topic big or small with the triangle spread.
Please be aware of the fact - especially as you are interpreting the card representing the future - that the tarot is not a horoscope, and that it does not produce definitive prophecies. If you draw cards which are very promising at a first glance (like "Love" or "Harvest") or negative (think of "Defeat" or "Torment") it does not mean that fate has already decided about your success or defeat. It simply means that you should consider the quality of the card you have drawn, especially in regard to your intentions and your initial question.
Use the tarot as an inspiration, but do not blindly follow an interpretation which is and will remain always a subjective view only. The tarot does not change your responsibility for your actions. Of course, if you consult the tarot with care it does help you assessing your situation and it does provide you with a frame for your thoughts, which indeed is the significant inherant value of the tarot, the oracle of what is possible. | <urn:uuid:e75bad95-f580-4f99-9739-de41f814906c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.aleph-tarot.com/the-triangle | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.950061 | 364 | 1.578125 | 2 |
We imagine facts to support what we believe. That’s a problem because politicians tend to focus on what we believe, not the actual data.
Emotional innumeracy is the root of the problem, a term from a research paper by Daniel Herda (UC Davis) who studied immigration innumeracy, the inability to reason about immigration.
Herda found that emotional factors create innumeracy: “Among the emotional predictors, perceived threat has a strong positive association with innumeracy. It does so net of social distance and political conservatism, which have their own significant positive and negative associations, respectively.”
So, if we believe immigrants pose a threat, we overestimate the immigrant population. Fear drives our overestimate; the overestimate increases our fear.
US respondents imagine that immigrants make up almost a third (32%) of our population, two and a half times the actual number, 13%.
Immigrants are perceived to be a threat in all nations surveyed, and the smaller the actual percentage of immigrants, the greater the overestimate. The miniscule 0.4% of Poland’s population who are immigrants are overestimated at 35 times that number, Hungary’s 8 times, Japan’s 4 times and so on. Australians with by far the highest percentage of immigrants (28%) overestimate by only a quarter.
The percentage of Muslims is also universally overestimated.
The overestimate of our Muslim population by US respondents is 15 times the 1% small reality. That is consistent with the overestimation in other countries with small (2% or less) Muslim populations – Hungary 18 times, South Korea and Poland 13 times, Canada and Japan 10 times, Australia 9 times, Spain 8 times. But even in countries with a more noticeable 4% – 8% Muslim population the overestimates are at least 3 times reality.
The percentage of Christians is correspondingly underestimated in most countries. Four of every five (78%) Americans report themselves to be Christian while we estimate it is less than three in five (56%). Even in Italy where 83% of the population is Christian, the estimate is only 69%. These underestimates result from perceived threat to that heritage.
The percentage of Christians in South Korea and Japan is hugely overestimated. These overestimates also result from perceived threat to their traditional culture.
Overestimates of immigrants and Muslims and underestimates of Christians all stem from the perception that traditional values, culture and identity are under threat.
We might question the “actual” count of Christians in the following chart because many who do not go to church consider themselves Christian, but the feeling of threat is to whatever respondents consider themselves to be.
Herda’s research result: “perceived threat has a strong positive association with innumeracy” suggests that the overall inaccuracy of a people’s knowledge of their society’s makeup is a measure of how threatened they feel. Ipsis Mori presents that metric as an “index of ignorance.”
Eighty years ago in his first inaugural address, our President spoke of his “firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself—nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance.” That, too, was a time to get real. “Only a foolish optimist can deny the dark realities of the moment,” he went on.
But we can’t get real if we keep imagining the facts and getting confirmation of our fears from media whose interests are so different from ours.
So let’s stop deluding ourselves. Let’s question what we imagine to be facts. | <urn:uuid:2e4a1865-2b07-4deb-9e9e-b9361288866b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://martinsidwell.com/ignorance-fear-and-imaginary-facts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.939811 | 763 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Today Tracey welcomes the launch of Save the Children’s Read On. Get On. – a new campaign being driven by a coalition of charities, language and literacy experts, teachers, and businesses to get every child reading well at age 11, by 2025.
Reading is the key to a child’s future: it unlocks their potential and opens up a world filled with possibilities. And yet, almost a quarter of children in the UK today are leaving primary school without reaching the expected level in reading and it is the poorest who are doing the worst. Over the next decade almost 1.5 million children will start secondary school already behind.
Every child deserves a good education. Being able to read well is the foundation upon which that depends.
Save the Children hopes that Read On. Get On. will galvanise the nation, from children, to grandparents and authors, to give what they can – time, expertise, funds, or simply a passion for reading – to make the goal of all children reading well by age 11 a national priority.
Sir John Major, UK Prime Minister and Conservative Party Leader, 1990 – 1997, said:
“The UK still has worryingly low levels of social mobility. Ensuring all children are reading well by the age of 11 would represent a huge step towards creating a society where it is the skills and efforts of a child that determine how they succeed in life, not the accident of birth. That is why I am delighted to support the Read On. Get On. campaign”
Education Secretary Nicky Morgan said:
“I wholeheartedly endorse this campaign and its goal to get all children reading well by 2025.
Eradicating illiteracy and innumeracy is central to our plan for education and that plan is working.
“This brilliant campaign will help us all to make a real difference to the lives of millions of children and I hope that the whole country will get behind it.”
Tracey Crouch MP said:
“With 40% of low income 11-year-olds unable to read well, we must act now to change this. I am delighted to support the launch of this campaign and am confident that together we can get every UK child reading well at the age of 11. I encourage everyone to join us to help children across the UK #ReadOnGetOn”
Tracey hopes that you will be able to join in the ambition to give every child a fair start in life. | <urn:uuid:45b7a68f-e7cf-4677-ad27-bdf3f15877eb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.traceycrouch.org/tracey-endorses-readongeton-campaign-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.953711 | 504 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Three sociologists look at the impact of this growing body of believers on the American church.
According to sociologists Mark Mulder, Aida Ramos, and Gerardo Marti, Latino Protestants are a force to be reckoned with. They “are simply more religiously active” than their Latino Catholic or white or black Protestant counterparts. They are “more actively committed to their congregations,” and “their churches are more central” to their religiosity and to their lives. Latino Protestants are a “growing but neglected religious group that will become a more visible and prevalent force in American life.” As Latinos continue to grow as a percentage of the US population, and as more Latinos become Protestants, people will need to know more about this growing segment of US Christianity.
These three researchers have collaborated on a book, Latino Protestants in America, which results from a study called the Latino Protestant Congregations (LPC) Project that was funded by the Lilly Endowment. The book is based on the first years of the project (2014–2016), but the study will continue through 2018.
After providing a broad introduction to Latino Protestantism (chapter one) the authors frame their study historically (chapter two), helping readers understand both the importance of conversions to Protestantism after the takeover of the Southwest by the United States (1848) and how immigration has impacted the growth of Latino Protestant churches, particularly after the 1965 Immigration Act. With that background, the book refers to a number of studies of Latino Protestants (chapter three), including the in-depth interviews of the LPC Project, to provide a snapshot of the diversity of the community today.
The next three chapters address Latino Protestant identity (chapter four), congregational …
Source: Christianity Today Most Read | <urn:uuid:68e5b1e9-c0df-4287-be03-7d257a22923a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jesuschristlivesin.me/the-many-flavors-of-latino-protestantism/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.953852 | 362 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Disclaimer: the following article uses the word ‘queer’ as an inclusive term for the LGBTQ+ community. We acknowledge the complicated history of this word. This article was written by a queer staff member at GSP who uses it inclusively, not as a pejorative epithet.
June is Pride Month, and we’ve been thinking about what that means for the Green Seattle Partnership! Queer communities have strong connections to environmentalism. While many view the world in terms of categories, queer ecologists reshaping the way that academics and communities view the science of ecology and the natural world through the theory of queer ecology. Queer communities—especially queer folx of color—across the world are also among frontline communities who are experiencing disproportionate impacts from climate change. Keep reading to learn more about queer ecology, how queer folx experience climate change, and how GSP celebrates queer communities!
Humans have a tendency to categorize the world into groups, especially binaries. We view humans as male or female, gay or straight, and plenty more. We also tend to extend those categorizations into nature, which is usually anything but neatly organized. Binomial nomenclature for plants is constantly changing as we learn more about the relationships between genera and species—for instance, the Pacific Northwest plant Oregon grape, ƛələlcac (Mahonia aquifolium) used to be known as Berberis aquifolium, until research showed that the genus Mahonia is genetically distinct. While these categorizations can provide a foundation for communication and research, it’s also critical to remember that the natural world often does not conform to them! That’s where queer ecology comes in.
Queer ecology is a way to expand our understanding of nature by applying queer theory to ecology. It suggests broadening our understanding of the natural world beyond binaries and categories. This perspective creates space for the many ways that nature can be queer. For instance, many species (including red squirrels, boto dolphins, penguins, and primates) exhibit queer behavior. Queer ecology doesn’t impose human sexuality onto the natural world, but instead suggests understanding the world as more than human. Early ecologist Henry Chandler Cowles described ecology as a study in dynamics; building on that definition, queer conservationist Alex Johnson describes queer ecology as “the study of dynamics across all phenomena, all behavior, all possibility.”
Climate Change and LGBTQ+ Communities
While queer ecologists are reshaping the ways we think about nature, climate change is directly impacting queer communities—especially queer communities of color. Queer communities disproportionately experience discrimination that affects access to housing, health care, and employment—all basic resources that are crucial in enabling individuals to respond to environmental challenges. For instance, LGBTQ youth are 120% more likely than cisgender, heterosexual youth to experience homelessness, which is increasingly dangerous as climate change creates harmful heat waves. Queer communities are also more likely to suffer from chronic diseases that often result from adverse environmental conditions (such as respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer) than cisgender, heterosexual communities. GSP’s work in urban forest restoration helps keep summer temperatures down and reduce pollution, but these communities need much more.
Last month, GSP worked with Herons Nest, Washington Environmental Council, QPOC Hikers, and Patagonia to host Earth Gay at Herons Nest! Our community celebrated queerness and environmentalism with outdoor drag shows (thanks to performers Melody Lush and Vincent Milay), bird watching, nature walks, environmental art, and stewardship activities. We’re so grateful for our amazing community of queer folx and allies for helping us celebrate the Earth the queer way!
Green Seattle hosts annual Earth Gay events to create an enviro-queer community-building space for folx in Seattle and throughout Puget Sound. These inclusive, family-friendly events are a great way to get outdoors, help keep Seattle’s parks healthy, and enjoy community-building.
While community celebrations and inclusive events are a start, the LGBTQ+ community needs more. The Green Seattle Partnership is committed to continuing to working with and supporting queer communities in any way we can. | <urn:uuid:b691087b-4e50-415d-bdb1-b0eb1534144e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://greenseattle.org/pride-month/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.93473 | 875 | 3.234375 | 3 |
An Antarctic feeding frenzy means good news for vulnerable fin whales
Scientists spied as many as 150 of the animals hungrily munching on krill.
In 2018, a multidisciplinary Antarctic expedition to study, among other things, the impacts of climate change on krill populations uncovered a heartening surprise about one of the crustacean’s prime predators: fin whales. Helicopters dispatched from aboard the research ship spied 100 groups of the cetaceans, while on-deck observers spotted groups of 50 and 70 near Elephant Island—about 550 miles southeast of Cape Horn. A return trip in 2019 revealed even larger gatherings of up to 150 in the same location.
The findings, published this week in the journal Scientific Reports, signal the whales’ return to their historic feeding grounds, and hint that the species—Earth’s second largest behind blue whales—are on the rebound after whalers hunted it to the brink. Similarly, the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s (IUCN) Red List‘s most-recent assessment of fin whale populations in 2018 moved the species’s status from Endangered to Vulnerable.
Seeing this volume of whales in the Southern Ocean has been unheard of for decades. Before a 1982 ban on commercial whaling, some 725,000 of the animals were killed for commercial purposes, knocking their totals down to less than two percent of their pre-whaling abundance. Today, the IUCN estimates their total population around 100,000.
Though this most-recent survey offers a small window onto the current count, the researchers’ estimates on the species abundance in the area are a hopeful sign. Their observations and calculations indicate that as many as 3,618 fin whales could be in the deneset area around Elephant Island alone. “Even if we still don’t know the total number of fin whales in the Antarctic, due to the lack of simultaneous observations, this could be a good sign that, nearly 50 years after the ban on commercial whaling, the fin whale population in the Antarctic is rebounding,” Bettina Meyer, a biologist at the Alfred Wegener Institute in German and co-author of the survey told Science Daily.
This latest survey confirms a trend lead author Helena Herr has been seeing in the region for nearly a decade. A 2013 trip to study minke whales led the ecologist from the Australian Marine Mammal Center to an unexpected gathering of fin whales as well, she recalled to The New York Times, and other research groups published similar findings in the past 12 years. But it was a 2016 sampling near Elephant Island that, according to this most-recent Scientific Reports paper, convinced Herr and her colleagues to do a more in-depth study.
Having fin whales feed in their historic haunts again could have benefits to the entire ecosystem. When the cetaceans munch on krill, they release iron as a waste product. Higher iron levels in the water can spur the growth of phytoplankton, which pull in carbon dioxide from the air. Marine scientists call this process the “whale pump.”
Though the fins’ rebound story is a strong sign that conservation efforts can work, whaling is far from the only stressor across whale populations. The animals face regular run-ins with both commercial and recreational boats, and can sometimes get entangled in fishing gear. Meanwhile, systemic issues like ocean noise and temperature shifts can mess with their movements and feeding patterns. | <urn:uuid:32a9c2a1-5eca-4576-9761-b30614371c18> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.popsci.com/environment/fin-whales-rebound-feeding-frenzy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.921427 | 720 | 3.28125 | 3 |
A Comparison of Various Estimators for Updating Forest Area Coverage Using AVHRR and Forest Inventory Data
Various methods of adjusting low-cost and possibly biased estimates of percent forest coverage from AVHRR data with a subsample of higher-cost estimates from the USDA Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis plots were investigated. Two ratio and two regression estimators were evaluated. Previous work (Zhu and Teuber, 1991) finding that the estimates from the two different data sources differed the most in highly fragmented land-use areas led to an investigation into improving the estimates through the use of independently derived estimates of population density. It is concluded that reasonable updates of percent forest area could be obtained through both the ratio and regression estimators and that use of population density as a surrogate for land-use fragmentation could help improve the estimators, although more direct methods of measuring land-use fragmentation might provide further improvement. | <urn:uuid:46eff813-47ca-4263-980b-74cd803b2cdd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/620 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.941701 | 184 | 1.929688 | 2 |
For years, Google and a number of other companies have been frank about their self-driving car efforts. Apple has yet to reveal whether rumors of an iCar are for real, but new evidence suggests.
Documents recently obtained by The Guardian reveal that Apple’s legal team met with the California Department of Motor Vehicles last month to review the state’s self-driving car regulations, the newspaper reported on Friday. Apple’s Senior Legal Counsel Mike Maletic reportedly had an hour-long meeting on Aug. 17 with self-driving car experts at the DMV, including Deputy Directors Bernard Soriano and Brian Soublet and Chief of Strategic Planning Stephanie Dougherty.
Apple did not immediately respond to a request for comment. The California DMV confirmed to The Guardian that the meeting did indeed take place, but did not go into detail about what was discussed.
Rumors about Apple’s autonomous vehicle ambitions date back to February when Reuters and The Wall Street Journal reported that Cupertino has “several hundred” employees working on an electric car, known internally as Titan. The rumors hearted up this summer when word spread that Apple hired Doug Betts, former head of global quality at Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. | <urn:uuid:b5a99693-8f6f-4277-9e68-303d35092688> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://playmarketing.net/apple-calif-dmv-talked-self-driving-cars/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.958123 | 249 | 1.617188 | 2 |
The marine silicon cycle is intrinsically linked with carbon cycling in the oceans via biological production of silica by a wide range of organisms. The stable silicon isotopic composition (denoted by δ30Si) of siliceous microfossils extracted from sediment cores can be used as an archive of past oceanic silicon cycling. However, the silicon isotopic composition of biogenic silica has only been measured in diatoms, sponges and radiolarians, and isotopic fractionation relative to seawater is entirely unknown for many other silicifiers. Furthermore, the biochemical pathways and mechanisms that determine isotopic fractionation during biosilicification remain poorly understood. Here, we present the first measurements of the silicon isotopic fractionation during biosilicification by loricate choanoflagellates, a group of protists closely related to animals. We cultured two species of choanoflagellates, Diaphanoeca grandis and Stephanoeca diplocostata, which showed consistently greater isotopic fractionation (approximately −5 ‰ to −7 ‰) than cultured diatoms (−0.5 ‰ to −2.1 ‰). Instead, choanoflagellate silicon isotopic fractionation appears to be more similar to sponges grown under similar dissolved silica concentrations. Our results highlight that there is a taxonomic component to silicon isotope fractionation during biosilicification, possibly via a shared or related biochemical transport pathway. These findings have implications for the use of biogenic silica δ30Si produced by different silicifiers as proxies for past oceanic change. | <urn:uuid:164b8597-f48c-4e8d-bac1-b49916376aa2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mes.openaire.eu/search/other?orpId=copernicuspu::d6e6597b86a09658b838f1f558272d20 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.921988 | 343 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Americans want immigration reform. Unfortunately, Congress doesn’t seem to care what the American public wants.
Absent real comprehensive immigration reform at the Federal level, 43 states and Washington D.C. have passed a total of 377 laws and resolutions related to immigration, according to the National Conference of State Legislators’ Immigration Policy Project.
But just like Congress hasn’t been able to agree on much of anything, the states have varied greatly regarding what kind of laws are needed in their own communities.
For example, lawmakers in Colorado, Oregon and Minnesota all made it easier for undocumented immigrants to be eligible for in-state tuition at state colleges and universities.
In Utah, students will be required to show proof of citizenship, or that they are eligible non-citizens, to receive federal financial aid. Indiana’s legislature passed a new law that requires citizenship verification for applications for college financial aid. Fifteen states now offer in-state tuition to undocumented immigrants.
Colorado and Georgia followed several other states in allowing undocumented immigrants to obtain driver’s licenses, including New Mexico, Utah, Washington, Illinois, Nevada, Oregon, Maryland, Vermont, and Connecticut.
Virginia enacted a new law that requires the state Board of Elections to participate in a national system that aims to eliminate undocumented immigrants from voter lists.
Illinois allocated money for bilingual education and designated funding for immigrant integration services. New York also set aside money for those who speak limited English, while Washington State set up a fund to help employ refugees and immigrants.
Georgia legislators passed a bill to require public employers to verify legal status. A new Arizona law will require proof of citizenship or legal status before someone is admitted to the Mining Advisory Council.
Though if there’s anything that the states agree on, it’s that they need federal action. State legislators passed 25 resolutions specifically asking the federal government to respond to aspects of national immigration policy. Eight states passed resolutions calling for comprehensive immigration reform.
It’s time for Congress to act on immigration reform. | <urn:uuid:e72381e8-a2cb-4c43-bb4c-ed806235f7b1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://longislandwins.com/es/news/national/states-pass-immigration-laws-as-congress-stalls/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.922638 | 415 | 2.3125 | 2 |
The course offerings at Booth are so dynamic that I have been able to take classes and leverage them in what I do in tech. I’m a senior product manager at Relativity, a computer software company, so having the lens of a MBA has augmented my ability to work across the entire organization and be more effective as a result.
A large number of professors come from a place of deep industry expertise. My two favorite courses were Lindsey Lyman’s Building the New Venture course and Mark Knez’s Tech Strategy class. I was really impressed by Professor Knez’s thoughts and orientation around how start-ups disrupt and how large corporations can continuously innovate. The quality of our professors is really impressive- it’s clear that anyone who doesn’t have a background in product development can get a pretty good feel for what that’s really like through the course offerings.
Other great tech related courses include: New Venture Strategy, The FinTech Revolution, Big Data, Machine Learning, and Application Development.
The Tech Group is great at bringing in alumni from all kinds of different companies who can give us a feel for what it’s like to work there and be successful. The networking opportunities have been really strong, especially with high powered executive alumni. I facilitated a conversation with Kurt DelBene, the chief digital officer at Microsoft and he gave us his email to reach out to him if he could ever be of any help. I have had a fantastic response rate when reaching out to alumni.
This year, the Tech Club will facilitate workshops with knowledge sharing sessions with people who have domain expertise. We’ll be working in partnership with groups like the Analytics Club and Kilts Center for Marketing. For example, when organizing large amounts of data- what’s the minimum I need to know on a high level to be an effective leader? What do I need to be able to articulate to work with engineers effectively?
Other resources include: the annual Booth Tech conference and Booth Hacks to learn coding.
My Advice for Students:
- A lot of learning has to happen. Network with fellow students and take advantage of fellow students who will share resources and help get you up to speed.
- Leverage the resources available (especially through clubs) to improve your technical acumen, and learn high level tech concepts to allow you to follow conversations with engineers.
Be curious—you won’t learn it all, but take every opportunity to network, ask questions and listens. Just absorb. | <urn:uuid:90661de2-25d2-41fa-802c-e75c04e996e1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.chicagobooth.edu/mba/mba-life/tech-at-booth | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.957987 | 532 | 1.5 | 2 |
Despite the nation wilting under a terrible economic crisis, Sri Lanka's central bank increased key interest rates to the highest in two decades on July 7 in an effort to reduce record inflation.
Due to record-low foreign exchange reserves, the island nation is having trouble affording basic necessities including food, medication, and fuel. The economy shrank by 1.6 percent annually from January to March, and it is anticipated that it shrank even more in the second quarter, stifling growth.
The central bank raised rates to confront the rise in prices as a matter of priority even though inflation reached a record high of 54.6 percent year over year in June and food inflation surged to 80.1 percent. The standing deposit facility rate was also boosted to 14.50 percent, the highest since August 2001, while the standing lending facility rate was lifted by 100 basis points to 15.50 percent.
The central bank stated in a statement that "the Board was of the view that a further tightening of monetary policy would be essential to contain any build-up of unfavourable inflation expectations."
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) credit facility negotiations have made great progress, and discussions with bilateral and multilateral partners are ongoing to find bridge funding and reduce the reserve deficiency, the central bank said. | <urn:uuid:23f616c7-2dbb-4392-b8ce-8ed504ad75d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://english.newstracklive.com/news/sri-lankan-central-bank-raises-interest-rates-targets-inflation-sc57-nu318-ta318-1238123-1.html?s=rsmp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.972305 | 262 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Magic Number Cards Instructions
Ask somebody in the audience to pick a number between 1 and 60, but not tell anybody what number they have chosen.
Hand all six magic number cards to that person. Ask them to look at each card in turn to see if the number they have secretly chosen appears. If it does, the card should be handed to the magician. If it does not the card should be put to one side.
As cards are handed to the magician, he should add the numbers in the top left hand corners together. When the last card has been looked at, the total of all the top left hand corner numbers will be the secret number.
Announce the answer to your audience and recieve the applause!
Magic Number Sticks Instructions
There are four square sticks with random single digit number down each side. When you place thefour sticks side by side, you have four digit numbers which should be read horizontally. So in the picture shown above the numbers would read:4967,9342,7726,5689.
If you ask someone in the audience to add up those four numbers they will usually need to get a pencil and paper out and do some long winded addition, or they might use a calculator. Either way, it will take the ordinary person person a little while to come up with the answer which is 27724.
The magician, however, can come up with the answer almost instantly. Just note the third horizontal line of number -7726. Take away 2 from that number = 7724. Put that 2 on the front of 7724 to =27724 you have the answer! | <urn:uuid:e814013b-ad8a-4957-93a3-5a6c346ae98f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://shop.houseofmarbles.com/puzzle-solutions/magic-numbers-instructions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.94354 | 331 | 2.34375 | 2 |
eBay Inc.’s organizational culture is a business response to the dynamics of the online retail market and the e-commerce industry environment. The company utilizes its corporate culture as a strategic tool to promote effectiveness in the global trading/marketplace platform, auction and classifieds website operations, and related services. Effectiveness contributes to competitive advantages that are essential to addressing the forces identified in the Porter’s Five Forces Analysis of eBay Inc. A firm’s organizational culture or corporate culture defines the values, customs and traditions that guide employees’ decisions and shape their mindsets and behaviors. In this case of eBay’s corporate culture, results orientation is emphasized as a crucial aspect of human resource development and management. The company also pushes for holism in how workers fulfill their jobs and affect others through the Internet and other media. Thus, eBay’s corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy is culturally supported. For example, cultural attributes influence employees to consider all aspects of the organization, including subsidiaries like StubHub and Kijiji, and all aspects of the business environment, including consumers and sellers/vendors. The company’s organizational culture is a pillar for long-term success in the rapidly changing e-commerce landscape.
eBay’s corporate culture guides managers in developing strategies that enhance human resources and address challenges in e-commerce. For example, the company’s cultural values encourage results-based effectiveness in the online marketplace platform business. Cultural features help fulfill eBay Inc.’s corporate mission and vision statements. For instance, the corporate culture ensures that the company’s multinational presence attracts merchants and buyers. This condition addresses competition against Amazon, Etsy, Walmart Marketplace, Alibaba, Rakuten, and other players in the industry. Through corresponding behavioral characteristics of employees, the company strategically uses its organizational culture for profitable business performance.
eBay’s Organizational Culture Type and Characteristics
eBay Inc. has corporate culture of results-oriented excellence. This culture is designed to promote business effectiveness through human resource development. Excellence and results orientation are core cultural factors that the e-commerce company views necessary for ensuring competitiveness in the online environment for retail, auctions, classified listings, and ticket exchange transactions. The attributes of eBay’s organizational culture enhance the resilience of the international trading/marketplace platform business, and develop workers’ ability to support strategic management. The following characteristics represent eBay’s corporate culture:
- Results orientation
- Inclusion and diversity
Excellence. Excellence is a core cultural characteristic of eBay. The company believes in the importance of extraordinary human resources in strategically growing an extraordinary e-commerce business. In this way, the organizational culture contributes to the business strengths shown in the SWOT analysis of eBay Inc. For example, excellence in employee performance leads to effective services that attract consumers and merchants to the company’s online retail/auction platform and classifieds websites. In implementing this attribute of the corporate culture, human resource management programs motivate workers to achieve and maintain excellence in supporting the company’s marketplace/trading platform and related operations.
Results Orientation. Aside from excellence, eBay also applies results orientation in its organizational culture. This cultural trait encourages workers to focus on the target results of the online marketplace, classifieds and ticket exchange business, and make decisions to achieve those results. For example, with a holistic approach, eBay Inc. motivates employees to maximize their results by considering each other and customers, aiming for positive tangible impact on individuals all over the world. The company uses its corporate culture to strategically manage the effects of competitors, such as Newegg, Bonanza, Ruby Lane, eBid, and eCrater, and to address challenges linked to the online nature of the business.
Inclusion and Diversity. eBay’s organizational culture promotes a diverse workforce and an inclusive workplace. This cultural characteristic leads to diversity in workers’ training and skills suited to the challenges in online retail, classifieds, and ticket exchange operations. Also, inclusion promotes high employee morale. The company encourages employee behaviors that contribute to a wealth of ideas. For example, inclusion and diversity enables creativity in addressing the industry trends outlined in the PESTEL/PESTLE analysis of eBay Inc. Thus, the company’s organizational culture facilitates management decisions and strategies for improving resilience in global e-commerce business.
eBay’s Corporate Culture: Advantages & Disadvantages, Recommendations
Advantages. An advantage of eBay’s corporate culture is the emphasis on results-oriented excellence, which motivates employees to exceed strategic expectations. This cultural trait helps satisfy goals for growing the multinational e-commerce business. Such excellence supports eBay’s generic competitive strategy and intensive growth strategies. Another advantage of the company’s organizational culture is that it promotes diversity and inclusion that boost performance. For example, managers use these cultural factors to improve workers’ morale and the company’s innovation. Innovation improves the competitiveness of the company’s online trading and classified listings websites and relates services.
Disadvantages. A disadvantage or weakness of eBay Inc.’s organizational culture is the lack of emphasis on continuous learning. Continuous learning is a cultural characteristic that improves innovation at the employee and organizational levels. Another disadvantage of the company’s corporate culture is the limited cultural emphasis on speed and efficiency. These factors are needed to ensure the strategic responsiveness of the business to problems experienced in the international markets for online retail/auction trading, classified listings, and ticket exchange.
Recommendations. Recommendations with regard to eBay’s corporate culture are based on the aforementioned disadvantages. The company’s management must address these cultural disadvantages or weaknesses to ensure the continued success of its e-commerce operations. For example, increasing efficiency can attract more merchants to the marketplace website. Given its current organizational culture, it is recommended that eBay Inc.:
- Add cultural emphasis on continuous learning to support continuous business improvement and to keep the company abreast of the latest technologies.
- Add cultural emphasis on speed and efficiency, which are essential to e-commerce competitiveness.
- eBay Inc. – Diversity and Inclusion.
- eBay Inc. – eBay Appoints Damien Hooper-Campbell to Serve as Chief Diversity Officer.
- Guiso, L., Sapienza, P., & Zingales, L. (2015). The value of corporate culture. Journal of Financial Economics, 117(1), 60-76.
- Hartnell, C. A., Kinicki, A. J., Lambert, L. S., Fugate, M., & Doyle Corner, P. (2016). Do similarities or differences between CEO leadership and organizational culture have a more positive effect on firm performance? A test of competing predictions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101(6), 846.
- Hashemi, M. S. (2016). The effect of infrastructure, corporate culture, organizational structure and information technology on Competitive Intelligence in Organizations. Human Resource Management, 3(3), 43-50.
- Huhtala, M., Tolvanen, A., Mauno, S., & Feldt, T. (2015). The associations between ethical organizational culture, burnout, and engagement: A multilevel study. Journal of Business and Psychology, 30(2), 399-414.
- U.S. Department of Commerce – International Trade Administration – Retail Services Spotlight – The Retail Services Industry in the United States.
- Wenig, D. (2016). One Year In, Building eBay for the Future. | <urn:uuid:f08c2860-dc07-41d1-b84c-7d3a4a3f5489> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://panmore.com/ebay-inc-organizational-culture-results-oriented-excellence-analysis | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.878641 | 1,558 | 1.78125 | 2 |
When French voters go to the polls this month they say they are
looking for change, but the next president is likely to face the
same obstacles that have blocked many previous attempts to reform
Business complains about foreign competition, high social
charges and taxes, while workers live in fear of losing their jobs.
The unemployed fret about losing generous benefits, while high
prices and low pay are squeezing household budgets.
This has created widespread anxiety and a feeling among voters
that the much-vaunted "French model" is not working.
"France needs to change," said 48-year-old Corinne Micheli, a
worker at the state employment office who was among thousands at a
recent protest in Paris against a planned shake up of their agency.
"People are fed up."
But Micheli highlights the problem the next president will face:
pushing through reforms in France can be tough because employees
want to protect old privileges.
In the last 20 years numerous governments have tried to reform
pensions, labor rules, the education system and other public
services, but their efforts often ended in disaster with unions
organizing mass protests to bring France to a standstill.
Protests last year that sunk plans to make it easier to hire and
fire youngsters showed people power remains a potent force.
"Yes, France needs to change to deal with globalisation, but
there are some values that need to stay," said Sonya Aimene, 30,
was also at the ANPE job agency demonstration.
"We are for change, but not just for the sake of change."
Rhetoric and resistance
The three election frontrunners, conservative Nicolas Sarkozy,
Socialist Segolene Royal and centrist Francois Bayrou, are all
promising a clean break with the past if they win the April and May
From an economic viewpoint, there is much to do in France it had
the highest jobless rate in the euro zone in February, one of the
weakest growth rates in Europe in 2006 and a record trade
But while the top candidates all promise to boost employment and
growth, Moody's Investors Service believes key problems, such as
pension reform, have been ignored during the campaign.
"The country seems torn between the rhetoric of reform and a
profound propensity towards social conservatism," Moody's wrote in
a research note published yesterday.
"Actual resistance to reform remains very strong, accentuated by
a deep ideological fragmentation, which generally makes
interventionist proclamations a safe electoral bet," it added,
saying most voters were unaware of the true problems.
Sarkozy is probably the most pro-market candidate, but as the
campaign has progressed he has insisted that the state will help
troubled companies, such as plane maker Airbus not the sort of
action many economists have endorsed.
Other proposals, such as insisting unions hold secret ballots
during long-running strikes and forcing transport unions to
guarantee a minimum service during stoppages, look certain to lead
to a head-on confrontation with some labor groups.
Only 8 percent of French workers belong to unions but they have
a powerful grip on public services and some important companies,
making it easy for them to snarl the country.
Royal has courted unionists who make up an important slice of
the Socialist voter base and some analysts say this tie would make
it easier for her to push through reforms.
However, her manifesto gives no indication of any reformist zeal
and concentrates instead on ambitious new spending plans.
But for some people, the idea that France is a hidebound country
clinging to the past is an out-of-date cliche. They dismiss a
recent wave of demonstrations by teachers, post office and
employment agency workers, as well as stoppages at Marseille port
and Airbus, as usual pre-election protests.
The optimists also point out that France remains one of the
world's major economies with blue-chip CAC-40 firms showing a 30
percent increase in dividends payouts last year - a sign that
French companies are thriving in a changing world.
(China Daily via agencies April 6, 2007) | <urn:uuid:c7faa23e-756b-4840-8d5d-bbce3ae7f354> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.china.org.cn/international/opinion/2007-04/06/content_1206274.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.951197 | 889 | 1.65625 | 2 |
- n. 病；疾病；弊病
any unwholesome or desperate condition;
"what maladies afflict our nation?"
impairment of normal physiological function affecting part or all of an organism
- There is no specific remedy for the malady.
- The boy is suffering from some strange malady.
- I doubt that I shall ever be cured of this malady.
- They are managing to control the malady into a small range.
- Violent crime is only one of the maladies afflicting modern society.
- To be ignorant of one's ignorance is the malady of ignorance.
He was suffering from a malady neither he nor his doctors could explain.出自： D. Jacobson
It is not known..how the malady should be managed.出自： Anthony Smith | <urn:uuid:2f076797-f9c6-49f3-9e5d-73614e303df4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dict.cn/maladies | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.67262 | 544 | 2.359375 | 2 |
While primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is the most common hepatobiliary disorder associated with ulcerative colitis, primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) should not be forgotten, according to Erietta Polychronopoulou, MD, and her associates.
In two case studies, a 67-year-old woman and a 71-year-old man presented with long-standing cases of asymptomatic elevation of cholestatic enzymes. Both patients had long histories of ulcerative colitis, but both were in remission. Both patients had previous clinical diagnoses of either small duct PSC or drug-induced liver injury. Both patients denied drug use, and imaging studies revealed nothing in either patient.
In testing for hepatobiliary disorders, both patients showed high titers of antimitochondrial antibodies, the hallmark of PBC. Despite the asymptomatic nature of the PBC, both patients were treated with 13 mg/kg per day ursodeoxycholic acid and have remained stable for 17 and 18 months, respectively.
“The relationship of PBC with UC [ulcerative colitis] remains obscure as there are few reported cases regarding the combined presentation of these diseases. Although the pathogenesis of either disease has not yet been completely clarified, environmental and genetic factors are considered important in the susceptibility to both diseases, suggesting that the two diseases may share common immunopathogenetic pathways,” the investigators noted.
Find the full report in BMJ Case Reports (2017 Sep 25. | <urn:uuid:fe41b59c-15b3-441d-91d6-477dd5b89b35> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://medauth2.mdedge.com/gihepnews/article/149131/gastroenterology/consider-pbc-diagnosing-hepatobiliary-disorders-uc?channel=39703 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.95037 | 320 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Refrigeration is important for maintaining a proper, unbroken cold chain. Using dairy as an example, after the cows are milked, their milk is pasteurized and rapidly chilled. Once the milk has been chilled, it must be maintained at that low temperature from the farm to the grocery store, including during bottling and shipping. If the cold chain is broken, bacteria or fungus can grow, making the food unsafe for human consumption.
The United States Department of Agriculture requires that business-owned refrigeration systems have an internal temperature of 40°F or below for refrigerated food and 0°F for frozen food. Businesses operating refrigerators or freezers above these temperatures face fines and other penalties, so maintaining a reliable temperature is imperative. One of the most popular types of business-owned refrigeration systems is the cold room. Cold rooms are staples of restaurants, hotels, supermarkets, and any other place that needs to store fresh, frozen, or pre-cooled food products.
Cold rooms, also called walk-ins, are enclosed, refrigerated storage spaces that have footprints generally smaller than 3000 square feet and can be used for things such as storing perishable food items or packaging food. Cold rooms are often used as medium-term cold storage—with standard refrigerators acting as short-term storage and refrigerated warehouses acting as long-term storage. Just like any refrigeration system, cold rooms use an evaporator inside the unit and a condenser outside the unit to move heat outside, thus cooling the inside. From a broad perspective, there are three kinds of cold rooms: self-contained, remote condensing, and multiplex condensing. Self-contained cold rooms, as the name implies, are cold storage rooms where the refrigeration system is a complete package with the evaporator and condenser in one unit, similar to a window A/C unit. Self-contained cold rooms are typically built outside of buildings which they serve. Remote condensing unit cold rooms have the condenser unit somewhere other than directly adjacent to the room and not packaged with the evaporator, such as on the roof of the building. Remote condensing unit cold rooms are typically built into the buildings they will serve and may have multiple evaporators. Multiplex cold rooms use a centralized system with multiple condensing units and evaporators.
Multiplex cold rooms are always built directly into the buildings they serve. To help cold rooms operate efficiently, their walls are constructed with insulated walls, floors, and ceilings. The insulation material, typically some variety of foam, is sandwiched between thin walls, usually ones made from steel or aluminum. Insulating the cold room keeps the temperatures inside and out separated, requiring less work from the evaporators and condensers to maintain the temperature and conserving electricity. In addition to being insulated, cold room floors should also be reinforced to support any equipment and product they will hold. Another way to increase efficiency is to install curtains at the doors. Whenever an employee enters or exits the cold room, heat from the outside comes into the cold room. This in turn requires the system to use more energy to bring the temperature back down. Curtains help reduce temperature fluctuations inside the cold room. There are typically two kinds of curtains: strip and air. Strip curtains are made up of thick plastic sheets cut into strips while an air curtain is made up of a wall of air, blasted at a high velocity from directly above the door. Both designs help keep the temperature of the cold room low and its efficiency high. However they are built, cold rooms are important parts of many different businesses across a multitude of industries. | <urn:uuid:1241dd14-b47d-4240-8bfd-f5ec83aed7da> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://refindustry.com/articles/articles/cold-rooms-an-introduction/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.954222 | 733 | 2.890625 | 3 |
An SES classic, adapted for the very youngest. Hit the plastic shapes into the board and create the most beautiful figures! Completely safe, hammering without nails. The set includes fun examples but you can also just follow your own creativity.
SES has been the specialist in creative toys for more than 40 years. Child development is the central concept in the development of our products. As development is important during the early years, it is important that a child has the opportunity to develop his or her talents and to use their creativity. Besides developing creativity, safety and quality are the most important aspects of all our products! The products we develop are essential to the different developmental stages of any child.
- Suitable for Young Children
- Real Wooden Hammer
- Safe Hammering without Nails
- Includes Hammer, Plastic Pegboard, Different Coloured Shapes and Examples
- Develops Creativity, Imagination, Concentration and Motor Skills in Children
- Suitable for 1 to 4 Years
Warning! Contains Small Parts. To Be Used Under Direct Adult Supervision. | <urn:uuid:aefe887a-0412-4008-af9b-9368cac23ae0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mytoybox.co.uk/products/ses-14424 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.948446 | 224 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Princess Diana: I desperately wanted my marriage work
Princess Diana and Prince Charles married in their fairytale 1981 royal wedding. However, their marriage would prove to be notoriously rocky, and the Queen would order them to divorce four years after their 1992 separation. The Prince and Princess of Wales’ acrimonious divorce would play out in 1996.
However, according to royal biographer Penny Junor, Diana still waged a “war” against Chalres after the high-profile split.
In her 2005 book “The Firm”, Ms Junor writes: “It was the end of 15 years of marriage, but it was not the end of the war.
“Diana was no happier outside the family she seemed to have hated so much than she was within it.
The Prine and Princess of Wales pictured in 1996
“She was still angry with Charles and determined to embarrass and upstage him at every opportunity.
“And, according to the opinion polls, she took the majority of the country with her.
Ms Junor continues: “As the divorce became absolute, a statement was released saying that the Prince of Wales had no plans to remarry.
“It was just as well; at a televised debate on the monarchy, run by Carlton Televison with a randomly selected audience of three thousand, every time Camilla Parker Bowles names was mentioned it was drowned by boos and hisses.
“The public was not about to forgive Camilla any more than Diana was.”
However, there are reports of the Prince and Princess of Wales sharing some amicable moments after their high-profile divorce.
How Charles made ‘worst mistake of his life and incensed’ Philip [EXPERT]
Prince Charles: Why heir to throne was in tears before marrying Diana [ROYAL EXPERT]
Royal heartbreak: How Princess Diana's humiliation helped Fergie [REVEALED]
Channel 5 documentary 'The Royal Family at War', which first aired earlier this year, heard from royal expert ingrid Seward.
Ms Seward said: “Diana did tell me something quite interesting. “She said that on the day of the divorce, she and Charles sat down together on the sofa and they both cried.”
Although Prince Chalres had long since “given up “ on the marriage, a sense of failure still haunts him “ to this day”, according to Ms Junor.
She writes: “He gave up.
“Not because he didn’t care but because he couldn’t help.
“He felt desperate, hopeless and guilty, and to this day he feels a terrible sense of failure for not having been able to make his marriage work.” | <urn:uuid:36f644ac-4f48-4205-b58c-982c23fb6ef0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.express.co.uk/news/royal/1186233/princess-diana-news-prince-charles-royal-family-heartbreak-war-divorce-spt | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.98184 | 591 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Scroll down for a portrait of Hemingway! ⇓⇓⇓⇓
We just brought home a morkie (Maltese + Yorkie). His name is Hemingway (after Ernest Hemingway) because we plan to have great adventures with him. I laid on the floor on my back and shot with the camera over my head (I cannot get any lower). Though he looks huge due to forced perspective, is only about 14 inches long and weighs 7 pounds.
Hemingway in Real Life!
It's time to get down... well, not to party - but to GET LOW! Squat, bend, lie down, whatever it takes to view the world from the unique angle of close to the ground. One of the easiest and most important techniques to use, low-angle photography creates immediate interest to the viewer, and often yields a more expansive view of the world. This is especially important when documenting children or animals, due to their proximity to terra firma, as you are getting "down to their world". There's a lot of story you can craft from this low vantage point. In cinema, shooting a character from below is sometimes referred to as the "superhero angle" as it conveys this larger-than-life feel to the character. It's best to ask yourself before you shoot--what is it you are seeing in the scene in front of you and what do you want to convey to the viewer? Street photography lends itself quite well to shooting from the ground as well. At wider angles, your foreground elements need even more attention when shooting low, because they will appear much larger than those elements at a distance. This week, raise your photo game by going low ! | <urn:uuid:d30d1cc8-a1a5-43b5-8c5e-92bb036ffbbd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://enktesis.com/innovative-projects/52frames/52-frames-2021/get-low-week-2021-03 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.962217 | 364 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Punto y Raya fosters Audiovisual Arts in their purest state: form, colour, motion and sound – no representation. Its mission is to recapture the spirit of Cinéma Pure and Absolute Film formulated by the European avant-garde in the 1920s, consolidating this unique artform laying at the intersection between Art and Media.
This screening presentation by festival co-founder Nöel Palazzo offers a review of the festival’s 12-year trajectory, focusing on contemporary works and the many diverse techniques the artists have explored and developed.
This event is part of Interfaces, a Creative Europe project which aims to inspire more people of all ages and demographics to experience contemporary music and sound art and learn to incorporate the European musical legacy in newly found idioms and contexts. De Monfort University’s Institute of Sonic Creativity is a partner, along with nine other European institutions.
Image: Jonathan Gillie – still from Studies I – IV | <urn:uuid:fce0bbb3-bc27-4d79-92e3-b017ce5e7300> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.phoenix.org.uk/event/punto-y-raya-festival-a-retrospective/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.907825 | 204 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Florida State University President Eric J. Barron and the Florida State chapter of the Collegiate Veterans Association (CVA) today announced several new initiatives that will help the university in its efforts to become the most veteran-friendly public university in the nation.
The initiatives are designed to provide support and services to assist veterans in their transition to college and successful pursuit of a degree. To launch the initiatives, a special Veterans Day screening of "Hell and Back Again," directed by Danfung Dennis, will make its Southeast premiere at Florida State’s Ruby Diamond Concert Hall on Nov. 11. The film is a 2011 Sundance Film Festival Grand Jury Prizewinner.
"With nearly 25 percent of recently-separated-from-the-military veterans enrolling in college within two years, the need for support and assistance in the transition from military service to college student is obvious," Barron said. "Although FSU is already recognized as a ‘Military Friendly School,’ we want to do more for our student-veterans, while raising awareness about their educational needs and service to our country among the student body in general."
The new initiatives include:
- Establishing a Florida State Veterans Center, which will reach veterans of all generations. The center will serve as the focal point for all campus veteran resources, academic advising, orientation and transition programming, personal and rehabilitative support services, and assistance with VA educational benefits and certification.
- Hiring a director of the Florida State Veterans Center, who will implement the center’s mission to recruit veterans who want to transition from military service to college life; support veterans by coordinating services; and promote awareness of Florida State’s veteran heritage and current issues facing student-veterans. In addition, the director will promote Florida State’s veteran-friendly initiatives nationally.
- Launching an annual Student Veteran Film Festival to raise awareness of veterans’ issues and support the establishment of a veterans center. This year’s screening of "Hell and Back Again," which will benefit the proposed veterans center, will set the stage for what will become a multifilm event in future years.
"These initiatives are important because nationally veterans are graduating at a lesser rate than nonveterans," said Jared Lyon, president of the CVA and a veteran of the U.S. Navy, where he served on multiple deployments around the globe from 2001 to 2005. "As an institution for higher learning, it is our responsibility to ensure that student-veterans have the resources available to them to be successful in their goal of achieving a college degree."
Because veterans tend to be older students — the average age of a student-veteran at FSU is 27 — they have been out of the academic environment for a greater period of time and often struggle with transition and isolation. In addition, some may be suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder or physical limitations.
Florida State is unique among universities because of the depth and scope of services it intends to offer, Lyon said.
"Not only is Florida State going to provide the services needed by student-veterans, the university also is going to try to identify the reasons behind these lower graduation rates while focusing on making the campus a more inviting and welcoming environment for veterans past, present and future," he said.
Plans are under way to build a 35,000-square-foot building located on Jefferson Street near the Varsity Way roundabout. The proposal calls for bringing the Florida State Veterans Center, ROTC offices and a World War II museum together into one facility that would promote collaboration. In the meantime, the Pearl Tyner House at the Florida State Alumni Association complex on West Tennessee Street will serve as the center’s temporary home. It will open its doors today and will be available to students from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday.
A university advisory board recommended establishing a center and hiring a director to oversee the center and services. Barron appointed the advisory board in spring 2011 after Lyon and several members of the CVA approached him about the need for improved support and services for veterans and their dependents at the university.
It was the students, however, who came up with the idea of hosting an annual film festival that is perhaps the first in the nation to be devoted to veterans issues. Florida State Interfraternity Council President David Ward approached Lyon about developing an event to support student-veterans, and soon the Student Veteran Film Festival was born.
The film follows the life of 25-year-old U.S. Marine Sgt. Nathan Harris as he confronts the physical and emotional difficulties of readjusting to civilian life after his time fighting and being wounded in Afghanistan. Tickets for the event are $10 for Florida State students and $30 for the general public. To purchase a ticket, visit www.fsuvetfilmfest.com. | <urn:uuid:25e7e57e-f598-4bb2-87f4-91354cb2e4b4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.fsu.edu/news/university-news/2011/10/26/barron-announces-initiatives-create-veteran-friendly-campus-nation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.959229 | 1,003 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Leftover food not eaten by police and delegates in Glasgow for COP26 is being used to feed the city's homeless and most vulnerable citizens.
Charity Homeless Project Scotland have been organising emergency food tables in the city as a result of the donations, which have been made to them by police working at the climate summit.
The charity saying that they have been "seeing lots of people" attending their emergency food tables to get their hands on the leftover fruit, sandwiches, crisps and juice - so many that on one occasion 500 sandwiches were snapped up in 20 minutes.
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A Facebook post earlier this week showing police dropping off boxes of the leftover food under the Hielenman's Umbrella in the city centre, the same spot where the charity host their soup kitchen to feed Glasgow's most vulnerable three times per week.
The post reads: "Thank you to COP26 police for there continued donations of food fresh fruit, sandwiches, crisps, juice this has went a long way to help feeding people at night, we have been doing emergency food tables and seeing lots of people."
Colin McInnes, chairperson for Homeless Project Scotland expressed his frustration to Glasgow Live at the fact the charity is feeding "the poorest people in the city" while "four streets along you've got the richest people in the world sitting there".
He added: "They've given us sandwiches, fruit, bottles of orange juice, crisps and all that kind of stuff. And we've picked up posh pastries and stuff like that from hotels and venues that have had things on for COP26."
Homeless Project Scotland will also be hosting a 'COP' soup kitchen tonight (November 12), which they say will include 'some plush foods for our delegates who are the real delegates of the city of Glasgow who come to access support and essentials every week'.
To make a donation to Homeless Project Scotland, click here | <urn:uuid:e543821e-fbd4-4314-bbc7-524a849194c2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.glasgowlive.co.uk/news/glasgow-news/glasgow-cop26-leftovers-being-used-22146083 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.965291 | 401 | 2.171875 | 2 |
04 September 2021
How valuable would it be to have a guaranteed job for the rest of your life?
In the United States, few jobs come with lifetime appointments. Federal judges, including justices on the U.S. Supreme Court, and college professors are on the short list.
Professors can earn what is known as tenure.
The idea of tenure got popular over 100 years ago when university presidents at some famous schools decided it was important to protect professors from outside interference. The idea is that a professor with tenure is free to teach or do research even if their state's leader does not like the subject. As a result, it is rare for a professor with tenure to be dismissed.
Those who argue against tenure say professors might work hard leading up to what is known as a tenure review, and then stop working as hard after their job is safe. In addition, some experts worry that tenure protects professors who are accused of bad behavior.
Young professors who are hired for jobs where tenure is a possibility are said to have "tenure track" jobs. They often have a review after their fifth year. If they earn tenure, then they have a job that is largely guaranteed for as long as they want it.
The review is extremely detailed. Professors are judged by other members of the university on the quality of their teaching, the amount of research they have done in their subject and books and studies they have written. Professors at other schools write letters and past students can add their thoughts.
Tenure disputes in news stories
The idea of tenure has been in the news recently. Two well-known Black professors recently made public disputes they had with the tenure process at some famous universities.
Cornel West is a well-known professor who taught philosophy and African American Studies at Harvard. In February, he said Harvard rejected his request to be considered for tenure although he had a good five-year review. West had a tenured position at Harvard in the past but left the school in 2002 after a conflict with the university president. He went on to teach at Princeton University.
He went back to Harvard in 2016. West said he would leave Harvard to teach at the Union Theological Seminary in New York City.
Over the summer, reporter Nikole Hannah-Jones also was involved in a dispute over tenure. Hannah-Jones is the Pulitzer Prize-winning creator of the New York Times' "1619 Project" and has received the famous MacArthur Foundation "Genius Grant."
She was offered a position at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill that did not include tenure. Professors at the university's Hussman School of Journalism and students protested. Widespread criticism caused the university to reconsider and include tenure in its offer. Hannah-Jones rejected the new offer and decided to join Howard University in Washington, D.C. She will use money from outside organizations to start a journalism center there.
The tenure review is an important moment in a professor's career. Young professors often worry they will not do enough to get tenure, and they then worry that being denied tenure will be a bad mark on their record. One young professor, Geri Kerstiens, teaches at the University of California in Santa Cruz. She said Twitter is full of comments from professors worried about their tenure review, "because there are a lot of us and not as many jobs."
But being denied tenure can be a new beginning. Some professors are rejected for tenure but go on to find a better place to work. One professor found a position that offered job security and supported her best work.
How to value a professor's work
Anne Baranger is an experienced chemistry professor at the University of California at Berkeley. Half of her job is tenured and half is not. Her status, she said, is "unusual." She said her job is secure because "it is difficult to imagine getting rid of half a person and not the other half."
Before moving to California, she taught at universities in Illinois and Connecticut. She now helps graduate students think about their career path. Most start to plan their careers in their third or fourth year. At that point, they decide if they want to become a professor or work for a business that hires chemists. Students also decide if they want to center their career on teaching or research.
In the past, universities often gave equal weight to a new professor's ability to carry out research, teach and serve the university. If a professor was not good in one of those areas, they would be denied tenure. Now, however, some universities think about hiring professors who can spend more time in areas where they are strong. Geri Kerstiens is one of Baranger's former chemistry students. She just started a tenure-track job in Santa Cruz.
Kerstiens will teach chemistry, but one of her main jobs is to help the university revamp its chemistry program. She said she will do research on ways to teach chemistry, but she will not run a laboratory like many professors. Finding a job that centered on chemistry education was "a dream."
"I feel incredibly lucky to have gotten what I've gotten. It was lightning striking. It's just not something I was expecting."
What if tenure is denied?
Hannah Love is a philosophy professor at Portland Community College in Oregon. She was denied tenure at a different school early in her career. She was worried about what opportunities she would have after that. Now, however, she is happy at a community college because she can put more energy into teaching and helping students. She has a "continuous appointment," which means if she continues to do good work, her job is safe. She spoke with VOA about her earlier disappointment.
"In retrospect, it's one of the best things that happened because I kind of always wanted to teach at a community college. I think I'm exactly where I'm supposed to be, and professionally, it's a much better fit."
Baranger, the Berkeley professor, said she would like to see non-teaching employees at universities considered with the same intensity. It might make the university better overall.
"So it's a filter that's pretty serious and I don't think we would do something that required both so much work and was so frequently negative...I've never seen anybody fired. Ever."
I'm Dan Friedell.
Dan Friedell wrote this story for Learning English. Mario Ritter, Jr. was the editor.
What do you think about the tenure process at universities? Tell us in the Comments Section and visit 51VOA.COM.
Words in This Story
tenure –n. the right to keep a job, especially the job of being a professor at a college or university, for as long as you want to have it
review –n. an act of carefully looking at or examining the quality or condition of something or someone : examination or inspection
journalism –n. the activity of collecting, writing and editing news stories for newspapers, radio and television
revamp –v. to make (something) better or like new again
get rid (of) –v. to remove or throw away something
in retrospect –n. when thinking about the past or something that happened in the past
filter –n. a device that is used to remove something unwanted from a liquid or gas that passes through it
negative –adj. harmful or bad; not wanted | <urn:uuid:126273c6-2bfc-4177-800c-e6389b61e1f7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.51voa.com/VOA_Special_English/how-important-is-tenure-in-higher-education-87555.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.981756 | 1,515 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Malaysians Share Stories Behind Their Names Through Maxis' #thisismyname Campaign
Living in a multiracial society, we have the perks of experiencing different cultures in a bonded environment. In the most apparent manner, we get to embrace the many languages that surround us. This year, Maxis celebrates Chinese New Year with a new touch of rediscovering the true meaning of your given name, by sharing a short YouTube film titled '#thisismyname' through social media. The video takes us through a journey that, behind every name, there is a meaning that comes with a story to be proud of. To view it, click here: http://youtu.be/JpopjtwJHE0
They say a person's name has an influence in your personality, what does your name say about you? Malaysians can also share theirs on Maxis' Facebook page. All they need to do is insert #thisismyname.
"We tend to give little credit to the meaning of our names and how it resonates with us or our lives, so this campaign simply reminds us and rekindles that significance. Like any other, Chinese names have deep meanings, so we wanted to take the opportunity this Chinese New Year to provide an avenue for people to share their story on social media, and rediscover the roots of their names. We're already seeing a lot of conversations and shares on our Facebook page and YouTube channel, which is great," said Sulin Lau, Head of Marketing Services at Maxis. | <urn:uuid:4817be59-719d-4473-85f0-c2bc6ef71086> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.maxis.com.my/en/about-maxis/newsroom/2015/february/malaysian-share-stories-behind-their-names-through-maxis-thisismyname-campaign/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.925153 | 312 | 1.515625 | 2 |
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The world can be a stressful place and yoga is a natural way to help reduce stress and anxiety. Restorative yoga has many benefits and is a style of yoga that is effective for stress and anxiety relief. It is a way to actively relax and restore the body and is a wonderful addition for any self-care routine. There are many benefits of this type of yoga practice that improve quality of life.
First, restorative yoga provides an environment for complete relaxation by the use of props to hold students in a pose for 10 to 20 minutes without any discomfort or strain. Standard and creative props can both work beautifully. If you are practicing from home, household items make great alternatives for standard yoga props. This allows the body to release any residual stress, anxiety or strain that the tissues are holding. Muscles and nerves are rested. Hormone levels are brought back to a normal range, and can even support weight loss. Restorative yoga aims to balance the SNS and PNS by providing our physical bodies with the space they need to rest and let go. In other words, Restorative yoga communicates with the SNS, letting it know that when there is no imminent danger, we can take time to rest and digest. It is recommended to practice without music, so that connection to the breath is maximized for total relaxation. Silence helps students to drop into the practice without distraction. This also facilitates healing, because the brain isn’t tasked with processing excess information.
Second, restorative yoga sequences are designed to move the spine in all directions to support an optimal range of mobility for a long time. The sequence would include twists, forward folds, and backbends. The poses would be held for about 15 to 20 minutes to get the full benefits. Restorative classes usually last one to one and a half hours to be able to include all the spinal movements. The fascia throughout the muscles would be hydrated and allowed to stay supple and untangled. It is a great practice to include after a workout or if you were standing a great deal to support the muscles in recovery.
Third, a well-sequenced restorative practice will include an inversion that reverses the effects of gravity such as legs up the wall. If you only have time for one restorative yoga pose a day, legs up the wall is the perfect choice. This relieves fluid accumulation in the lower extremities and enhances function of the cardiovascular system. This type of yoga allows time for the systems of the body to integrate and communicate effectively with each other.
Fourth, restorative yoga alternately stimulates and soothes abdominal organs through compression and releasing in forward folds and twists. This compression temporarily blocks the blood flow to a targeted area and upon release of the pose, the fresh blood rushes to the area. It balances the energy in the body so that the practitioner is neither overstimulated or depleted.
Finally, in addition to these healing benefits, Restorative yoga helps with injury prevention. It’s designed to help students to be more adaptable and responsive, so energy can flow more freely throughout their bodies. This is a big part of what promotes healing and injury prevention. Restorative yoga practice complements exercise routines. It can also be useful for aging populations looking to counteract a lack of mobility and inactivity.
With all of these benefits, an addition of restorative yoga is sure to benefit all! Even if you don’t have time for a full practice daily, doing only one pose a day can greatly improve the quality of your life. Check out the My Vinyasa Practice on-demand and live-stream classes for Restorative Yoga! | <urn:uuid:66bed675-6e1e-44e8-92cb-1cfe10addbdc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.myvinyasapractice.com/benefits-of-restorative-yoga/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.95191 | 738 | 2.171875 | 2 |
I truly believe that education is the solution to many things. With Racism, educating ourselves about the issues and systems that cause this unchristian thinking and behavior will help us deal with our own racist tendencies. I believe that racism to some extent or another is based on an incorrect knowledge and understanding of others. To some degree or another everybody is racist as it is impossible to fully and correctly understand other cultures, countries, peoples, religions, sex/gender, etc… This does not give us a free pass as being disciples of Jesus calls us to love everybody and to love somebody is at its core is to understand another.
Originally I had planned on a huge list of resources, books, videos, etc..., but instead, I will list some of my top picks for resources and ask for you to add to my list any resources that you have found useful in educating yourself about racism. The best way would be for you to comment on this blog post with some of your top resources, or you can email me and I can add them to this blog post. I look forward to your input and discovering more informational resources to help me in the educational process of removing my racial tendencies.
“Test everything; retain what is good.” 1 Thessalonians 5:21
Saint Paul gives good advice for our current situation in the online world of fake news and history. It is important to check references and double, triple check the facts by spending some time digging deeper. I currently assume anything I read online is false until I can prove it otherwise. Maybe a bit skeptical of me but I am finding it a good policy. One thing I find is that if it makes me uncomfortable, angry, and thirsting for justice it usually is leading me in the right direction on the subject of racism.
Without much more fanfare here are some resources I have found useful.
Peace, blessings, and prayers
Fr. John in his homily on the Solemnity of the Body and Blood of Christ mentioned an article that showed the racial disparities here in Minnesota. There are some good historical references about systematic racism contained in the article.
Richard Rohr’s Center for Action and Contemplation has wonderful daily reflections which I would encourage you to subscribe to and read. Be prepared, as they will challenge your worldview and move you into a more mature faith life in your walk with Jesus. The reflections the week of June 7 were rightly focused on Racism.
Contemplation and Racism https://cac.org/contemplation-and-racism-weekly-summary-2020-06-13/
Just Mercy: A Story of Justice and Redemption, Bryan Stevenson (This book was very upsetting in a good way and I think it is much better to read the book as it goes into much more detail than the movie.)
Love Thy Neighbor: A Muslim Doctor's Struggle for Home in Rural America, Ayaz Virji M.D. (A very honest look at what it is like to be a Muslim living in rural Minnesota)
While the World Watched: A Birmingham Bombing Survivor Comes of Age during the Civil Rights Movement, Carolyn McKinstry (One of the survivors of the 1963 Church bombing in Birmingham Alabama)
The Measure of a Man: A Spiritual Autobiography, Sidney Poitier (He talks about how he chose roles that were beyond what was a typical “black” actors role in Hollywood at the time, and how he was criticized for it)
An Hour Before Daylight: Memories of a Rural Boyhood, Jimmy Carter
Dreams From My Father, Barack Obama
I am not your Negro (Amazon Prime Streaming, very powerful)
My discovery of James Baldwin came from this America Magazine article https://www.americamagazine.org/arts-culture/2020/06/03/reading-james-baldwin-can-help-heal-wounds-racial-division
CNN the decades (Sixties, Seventies, Eighties, Nineties, and 2000s)
Love Them First: Lessons From Lucy Laney Elementary https://youtu.be/cvTbCO86JVM (what can happen if we think and act differently)
Here are some good educational links from the St Pascal’s Pulse:
- From the University of Minnesota Press...books/articles with free access through August 31:
- From Springtide Research:
- TED Talks on Racism:
- Article: “What White People Can Do for Racial Justice”:
- Antiracism Resources (books, movies, articles, podcasts): | <urn:uuid:cfad9700-6fe0-43c1-92ce-6c7343698d4d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stpascals.org/blog/deacon-s-blog/ending-racism-educating-ourselves | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.92761 | 1,061 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Swimming ‘toys’ such as , pull buoys can help you feel and do things you otherwise could not. We design the five layered for maximum buoyancy. a closed cell foam training device(equipment) for developing stamina and upper body strength .
We encourage the use of swim toys to achieve specific things – they can help you a great deal. They can also break the monotony of swimming sessions, giving you another feeling and focus to break things up.
It allows the swimmer to give the arms an Strenuous exercise by providing buoyancy to the hip and leg strong support . The Pull Buoy enables the building of a good body position in water.
To use: Simply place it between your knees and use your arms to pull your whole weight through the water. | <urn:uuid:ae20db6c-a5c4-4310-b3e1-dc393598e81b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://indoswimgear.com/product/fit-pullbouy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.933084 | 171 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Precision lab scales are typically a critical tool in any laboratory setting. They provide unprecedented accuracy in measuring weight and mass, can weigh chemicals with extreme precision and can be used for many other purposes.
Precision lab scales purchased via https://libertyscales.com/collections/precision-balances can help scientists and researchers accurately measure the weight or volume of objects. These scales can be used in a variety of applications, such as chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering. In this blog post, we will discuss the best precision lab scales and their features.
Image Source: Google
What precision lab scales are
There are a variety of precision lab scales available on the market, and it can be difficult to decide which one to buy. This article will list some of the best precision lab scales available and discuss their features.
Important features of a precision lab scale
Precision lab scales can be a great asset to any laboratory. Here are some important features to consider when purchasing one.
Precision lab scales can be a valuable tool in any scientific or research setting. Here are some of the benefits that users can enjoy:
-Accuracy: Precision lab scales are precise and accurate, granting users greater accuracy when performing experiments or measurements.
-Speed: Precise lab scales make measurements and experiments faster and easier, allowing for more efficient workflows.
-Portability: Precise lab scales can be easily transported and used in a variety of settings, making them convenient for use in any location. | <urn:uuid:d28b0096-24e0-447f-9672-55b8059eecad> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.affimer.org/the-best-precision-lab-scales/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.887027 | 307 | 2.5625 | 3 |
“What began as a health crisis risks evolving into a broader child-rights crisis.”
Coronavirus: The Race To Respond
Watch live: Coronavirus Task Force gives update on COVID-19 response
Coronavirus updates: Global COVID-19 deaths soar as China hikes Wuhan toll
Watch live: New York Governor Cuomo gives coronavirus update
Navy ID’s first active-duty member to die of coronavirus
South Carolina Sleep Number factory reinforces thousands of masks
More in Coronavirus: The Race To Respond
The report says 188 countries have imposed countrywide school closures, affecting more than 1.5 billion children and youth. “We call on governments and industry to join forces to keep children and young people safe online through enhanced safety features and new tools to help parents and educators teach their children how to use the internet safely,” said UNICEF executive director Henrietta Fore. system. Concern is being sounded across agencies in the U.N. UNICEF, the U.N. chief says As he released the report, U.N. children’s agency, issued an advisory earlier this week to alert parents to online safety, given that education around the world is going online as classrooms close. First published on April 16, 2020 / 1:59 PM Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said children’s lives globally “are being totally upended,” and he appealed to families and world leaders to “protect our children.” Hundreds of thousands of additional children could die this year, compared to a pre-pandemic scenario, as a result of the looming global recession, the report says. It also says food is an issue for children across the world with schools closed: “369 million children across 143 countries who normally rely on school meals for a reliable source of daily nutrition must now look to other sources.” “Protect our children,” U.N. The report lays out recommendations, including: Securing food supply chains and local food markets to shield kids from a food security crisisPrioritizing the continuity of services such as schooling, nutrition programs, maternal and newborn care, and sexual and reproductive health servicesPutting specific protections in place for vulnerable children including migrants, refugees and minorities Ensuring that kids have access to coronavirus testing, treatment and vaccines as they’re availableThe report also points to an increase in extreme poverty this year of 84 million to 132 million people. Approximately half of those 132 million people are children. Millions are facing a lack of school meals and are impacted by the economic downturn related to the coronavirus pandemic, the report says.
“What started as a public health emergency has snowballed into a formidable test for global development and for the prospects of today’s young generation,” the report says.”The socio-economic impact of the virus – and of the containment and mitigation measures governments have put in place around the world – is potentially catastrophic for millions of children,” it says. Coronavirus impact “potentially catastrophic” for millions of children, UN report says
By Pamela Falk
April 16, 2020 / 1:59 PM
/ CBS News
Tracking the virus crisis’ economic impact
United Nations – A report released by the United Nations says more than 1.5 billion children have been affected by countrywide school closures. | <urn:uuid:8d540b01-b35e-456c-8282-06bdd6696a7c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mp3-4you.ru/2020/04/17/coronavirus-impact-potentially-catastrophic-for-millions-of-children-un-report-says/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.948008 | 708 | 2.234375 | 2 |
— -- President Barack Obama has approved broader authorities for the U.S. military in Afghanistan that will on occasion, allow American forces to accompany conventional Afghan troops and possibly allow airstrikes in support of Afghan troops to help them seize a battlefield advantage.
A senior Defense official says the move will allow the U.S. military to proactively help the Afghan military in its fight against a resurgent Taliban.
"The President has approved providing additional flexibility to our forces already deployed in Afghanistan to carry out our current strategy," the senior Defense official told ABC News. "These new, limited authorities are modifications of our ongoing Train, Advise, and Assist mission that we believe will allow us to better support the Afghan National Defense Security Forces, maintain our counterterrorism mission, and protect our forces."
The official stressed, "This is not a blanket order to target the Taliban."
According to the official, the broader authorities will allow U.S. military commanders "to maximize the use and effectiveness of our troops supporting the Afghan forces in those select instances in which their engagement can enable strategic effects on the battlefield."
Under the new authorities, U.S. forces will be able to "proactively support Afghan conventional forces" with more firepower, "especially through close air support" and by accompanying and advising Afghan conventional forces, said the official.
Most of the 9,800 U.S. military forces in Afghanistan are serving in a training mission known as "Resolute Support" that for the most part is conducted on large bases. About 1,000 of those forces are in Afghanistan for a counterterrorism mission known as "Freedom's Sentinel" that targets al Qaeda and ISIS-affiliated forces in Afghanistan.
General John Nicholson, the top U.S. military commander in Afghanistan, will now be allowed to determine when American forces should advise and assist conventional Afghan Army units, something that until now had only been allowed for American special operations forces working with Afghan special operations forces.
The current airstrike authorities in Afghanistan do not allow airstrikes to strike Taliban forces just because they are members of the Taliban.
Airstrikes could only be used in self-defense in what are known as "in extremis" situations when Afghan forces are about to be overrun or if there is an imminent danger to U.S. and Afghan forces and for counterterrorism missions. The rules were put in place after the U.S. and NATO ended their combat missions in Afghanistan and transitioned to a training mission.
Now close air support for Afghan troops will be possible on specific occasions that might provide an opportunity for them to seize a strategic advantage on the battlefield.
The official called the new authorities "a doubling down on what has produced results" in the parallel "Freedom's Sentinel" mission in Afghanistan. | <urn:uuid:c0a6632a-2e8f-4ec7-af5b-7183a3a944a8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/obama-approves-broader-authorities-us-military-afghanistan/story?id=39744143 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.949224 | 554 | 1.609375 | 2 |
There are a number of reasons why qPCR results and plating results may disagree when the methods are compared in a real-life scenario
- Homogenization and sampling technique
- Off-target growth
- Regional differences in microbiomes
- Insufficient Standards
1. Homogenization and sampling technique
In our experience, the largest factors that influence discordant results between qPCR and Plating are homogenization and sampling techniques. These techniques differ from state to state and lab to lab and our kits cannot control for this. Sampling and homogenization techniques can radically alter plate counts. For example, excessive homogenization can cause viability to decay, which will reduce the number of colonies that grow on a plate without altering the amount of total DNA.
Furthermore, filamentous fungi can clump and create sampling problems for both platforms. Depending on the lab’s implementation of qPCR, a smaller volume of the sample makes it into a PCR reaction than appears on a plate. DNA purification or enrichment steps such as growth or centrifugation often helps to concentrate samples to limit this effect but it is most obvious with organisms that clump. We published on this effect in F1000. We have strong CFU/Cq concordance for many ATCC fungi but find the most discordance is described with plating of filamentous fungi.
It is not possible to Proficiency Test (PT) these techniques between labs since shipping THCA flower across state lines is federally illegal. Our PathoSEEK® assays have strong CFU/Cq concordance in controlled scenarios when live organisms are spiked onto cannabis material, which has been demonstrated in our Manufacturers Validation Document. We included a CFU/Cq formula in our validation document as a starting point that labs can use to create their own equations, but our manufacturers validation was not meant to act as a replacement of the labs’ own internal validation. We stand by our CFU/Cq equation as being accurate when the same amount of culture is being plated as is being qPCR’d, but we cannot anticipate standards that did not exist when we wrote the SOP.
Plating methods rely on microbial viability in order to detect contamination. This presents a problem because many species of yeast and mold are endophytic and live inside the plant. Culture-based sample preparations do not lyse the plant cells to access endophytic species because doing so would compromise viability. As a result, plating methods do not accurately detect certain fungal species, including the most harmful, Aspergillus.
3. Off-target growth
Our team has observed off-target bacterial growth in commercially available culture-based Total Yeast Mold (TYM) tests, which can potentially lead to false positives. We published two manuscripts that illustrate this point, which we invite you to review.
4. Regional differences in microbiomes
Another challenge facing manufacturers trying to validate a non-species specific test for the cannabis matrix is a result of the interstate commerce laws regarding the transport of cannabis samples. These laws prohibit the manufacturer from accessing cannabis flower from any other given state but its own to extend its validation. Each jurisdiction is likely to have unique plants and microbiomes that could impact the design of a TYM assay. This hurdle makes it impossible for us, or any other manufacturer for that matter, to adequately sample regional plants and microbiomes to optimize the assay.
5. Insufficient Standards
We believe that PT standards designed for culture-based methods are not compatible with qPCR assays, for several reasons. The live samples are frozen, killing many of the organisms while not changing the total amount of DNA that is present. It should also be noted that freezing is not performed on real cannabis flower. Ideally, proficiency testing can be accomplished with shipping cured hemp samples as a proxy for THCA-rich flower under the USDA farm bill. This requires further legal review but, in our opinion, would be the best solution for the cannabis field.
In the absence of sharing cannabis flower, the field has been forced to share cultures as a proficiency testing standard. This is not an ideal workaround either as it can enrich the sample and creates a selection for only sharing organisms that can culture between labs. We’re currently working with NSI to develop qPCR-based standards for the sector to address some of these issues. While working with NSI, we discovered a number of issues with plating standards such as the live-dead issue, and in response, we have developed an enzyme that can eliminate DNA from dead organisms before running qPCR assays.
We understand our TYM assay and the equation we have in our validation document does not yet line up with the most recently released NSI standards. Our equations were calibrated in Massachusetts years before NSI even offered these standards to the field and we published these results in open access peer-reviewed journals that utilized an open and transparent review system. We will continue to evolve and improve our validation documents as the regulatory standards catch up to our own.
The Ongoing Challenge of Designing an Orthogonal Technology
To better understand these challenges, our lab is working with a number of clients to sequence their colonies in an effort to improve our TYM assay. We are currently performing work for a customer that is having discordant results. One of the samples they shipped to us as an example of an organism our assay failed to detect was grown on a plate and shipped to us for sequencing. Whole genome sequencing revealed this organism to be Penicillium brevicompactum. This is an organism our assay detects and has been reported in our peer reviewed publication. We confirmed successful detection with our TYM assay. It’s important to note that we were not able to sample the actual cannabis flower that failed detection in the customers lab, only the colonies that grew on the plate. This is not the same and it is an important distinction.
We still have additional samples from this customer and we will continue to study them. We appreciate this type of industry collaboration to better understand how to optimize the primer design, cell lysis, and sampling for the TYM Assay.
We have had customers report cases to us in which our qPCR assays failed to detect any signal when their total yeast and mold plates were presenting high counts. When we have sequenced these colonies we found they were either bacteria, endofungal bacteria or filamentous fungi.
In an effort to improve our accuracy, we are evaluating a new sampling protocol that will improve sampling filamentous or clumping fungi that might contribute to qPCR false negatives. Our plan is to purify a larger portion of the sample while employing a heat step during the chemical lysis to ensure we are not failing to lyse open cells. We also developed four species specific Aspergillus assays to help reduce discordance with filamentous fungi and these are used quite successfully to ensure TYM plates are not failing to detect these endophytes. | <urn:uuid:e6caae1d-f2f7-41c0-94aa-57347f35ba93> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://help.medicinalgenomics.com/en/why-do-pathoseek-results-sometimes-disagree-with-plating-results | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.953201 | 1,442 | 2.5 | 2 |
Editorials: 2021 Vol: 22 Issue: 3
Timothy Gary, University of Windsor
Shadow economic activities are a truth of life round the world, and the majority societies have interaction in making an attempt to regulate these activities through education, punishment, or prosecution. Gathering statistics regarding UN agency is active within the shadow economy activities, the frequency with that underground activities occur and also the magnitude of those activities is crucial for creating effective and economical choices relating to allocating resources during this space. Clearly it's troublesome to urge correct data regarding underground or shadow economy activities as a result of people engaged in these activities want to stay unidentified. Hence, estimation of shadow economy activities may be thought-about a scientific passion for knowing the unknowable.
The tries at measure are clearly problematic, since shadows economies activities are performed in such the simplest way on avoid any official detection. Moreover, if you raise an instructional, a public sector specialist, a policy or economic analyst, or an official, what's occurring within the shadow economy, and even simply however huge it's, you may get a good vary of answers (Bayley, 1966).
If a rise of the shadow economy is caused in the main by an increase within the overall tax and Social Security burden, this could result in Associate in Nursing erosion of the tax and Social Security bases and eventually to a decrease in tax receipts, and so to an extra increase within the deficit or to an extra increase of tax rates with the consequence of a further increase within the shadow economy, and so on (Aidt, 2009). Therefore, a growing shadow economy may be seen as a reaction by people UN agency feel weighed down by state activities. With a growing shadow economy, (economic) policy is predicated on incorrect ‘‘official’’ indicators (like state, official labour, income, consumption), or a minimum of indicators that inaccurate in magnitude.
In such a scenario, a booming shadow economy might cause politicians severe difficulties as a result of it provides unreliable official indicators, so the direction of supposed policy measures might therefore be questionable. On one hand, a growing shadow economy might offer robust incentives to draw in (domestic and foreign) employees removed from the official economy. On the opposite hand, a minimum of common fraction of the financial gain attained in shadow economy is instantly spent within the official economy leading to a substantial (positive) stimulating result on the official economy.
Shadow economy Studies making an attempt to live shadow economy initial face the issue of shaping it. For example, one unremarkably used definition is that shadow economy includes all current economic activities that contribute to the formally calculated (or observed) Gross National Product (Buehn & Schneider 2012).
However, it as market-based production of products and services, whether or not legal or extrajudicial, that escapes detection within the official estimates of value. As these definitions leave open plenty of queries it is useful for developing a higher feeling for what may well be an inexpensive agreement definition of the legal and extrajudicial underground or shadow economy.
Aidt, T.S. (2009). Corruption, institutions, and economic development. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 25, 271-291.
Bayley, D.H. (1966). The effects of corruption in a developing nation. Western Political Quarterly, 19, 719-732.
Buehn, A., & Schneider, F. (2012). Corruption and the shadow economy: Like oil and vinegar, like water and fire. International Tax and Public Finance, 19, 172-194. | <urn:uuid:3431e8e5-1493-4390-a978-0e9cb3c3e041> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.abacademies.org/articles/a-brief-note-on-shadow-economy-10582.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.921403 | 722 | 2.640625 | 3 |
It’s better are first than simply last
Instead, i setup a common selection of ruby designs which can be for the explore all over programs.
By firmly taking power over the brand new Os and you can setting it up to fulfill our very own requires (and you will next the developer’s demands), we get way too much independence who’s forced you to help you reconsider many of the presumptions you to we had in past times considered to end up being immovable stuff
2. A reports ecosystem was a software. When you look at the growth of Isospin (and also to some extent prior to), the group sought out an effective noun to refer towards type of repositories that will be when you look at the a workspace and later for the Isospin such as. We requisite an enthusiastic abstraction you to definitely presented an increased compared to the share of the pieces content. What advanced is actually an effective constellation, a couple of repositories configured beneath the assumption that they can end up being working together to build an information environment. Abreast of implementing which noun, i realized that an excellent constellation are, indeed, a software unto itself. Hence, invention surroundings is actually a strange version of application coding. And you will, furthermore, unlike delivering scripts and you may automation, we should be providing a loan application framework or system getting strengthening these application.
We’ve generated newer and more effective members of the family in the act
About enterprise traditions of our party, the current Isospin implementation is really, really scrappy. It takes a lot of shine, however, of all iterations within history, this has proven to be an informed on help designers doing work into our very own regal monoliths. A go eg presently has sensation of a tiny Linux field you to designers can be tinker having. The audience is now developing brand new principles i understood throughout the all of our ages of reflection for taking which scrappy services and create they on invention ecosystem application development collection that it should be.
We are going to end up being bringing a classic friend with each other into experience. Within the development of Isospin, i noticed that we were just creating a version regarding dev . When we looked back, i know that’s what we were starting all together. The cornerstone of our own structure was built on it venerable device.
Dev won’t be by yourself on this trip. We have noticed that dev needs designers as direct about their demands (and that libraries, and therefore runtime products, etc). Designers can make environments smaller whenever we infer many their needs throughout the items in their databases. We’re going to pull the new dependency inference on the latest Isospin to make dev better to at the speculating the requirements of a repository.
We have specific issues about baggage we have obtained for the the supporting system. I still focus on hours just like the Kubernetes pods. This yields an uneasy stress ranging from ephemerality and you may time and energy you to seems to help you wear out the fresh believe out of designers in the event that pods is moved. A large part of your own 2nd stage of your own travels tend to feel to find the harmony inside stress. | <urn:uuid:d7b0a4f2-dc8b-4b9b-b304-96ac2a099f86> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.blog.wizegg.uni-oldenburg.de/it-s-better-are-first-than-simply-last/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.956695 | 662 | 1.664063 | 2 |
BUFFALO, N.Y. (WIVB) — President Biden is taking a new approach in the fight against the virus. The president wants to make COVID-19 tests more available, and it could mean taking your test at home.
The plan would take away yet another excuse for not getting tested, no more trying to find a test site and waiting in line. You can take your test in the comfort and privacy of home, and insurance would cover it.
But that is where it gets complicated.
“You will be able to test for free, in the comfort of your home, and have some peace of mind,” President Biden said.
The president makes it sound so easy, taking your COVID test at home, but to make that happen will likely be a lot easier said than done.
“And having them covered by your private insurance plans, available in thousands of locations, and available community health centers and other sites,” Biden said.
And that is where the president’s plan gets complicated — having those at-home COVID tests covered by insurance. He wants to make the COVID tests generally accessible to everyone, whether they are covered by insurance or not.
Tests administered at public sites, run by the state or county and are covered by taxpayers, said Donald Ingalls of Highmark Western New York.
“At those public sites, the state or the county were paying for those tests, and at doctors’ offices or other medical facilities the health insurance is covering that during the pandemic,” Ingalls told News 4.
But home tests, available at some stores and online, can cost anywhere from about $20 to more than $100. And Ingalls told us, health insurance companies generally won’t cover the cost without a prescription.
“Most insurers and employers don’t cover over-the-counter drugs or tests and this would be a change. So one of the things that agencies will have to deal with is how that will work,” Ingalls added.
But here’s the problem for insurance subscribers.
“Typically also, tests are ordered with a prescription and in this case, there would not be a prescription,” Ingalls said.
Ingalls told us Highmark Western New York, and other blue affiliates, are working with federal officials to craft the new regulations for implementing the president’s plan. They are looking to come up with a solution sometime in mid-January.
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- Senior tenants fight big rent increase, with more to go | <urn:uuid:f6519e0f-318f-4e2e-89e7-29a435b8e533> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wivb.com/health/coronavirus/biden-bets-on-covid-tests-at-home-covered-by-insurance/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.959132 | 603 | 1.625 | 2 |
Fighting back against Covid, the country has a better risk score than a year ago, making it the safest for investors in the Middle East.
The Israeli economy bounced back vociferously, as expected, in the third quarter of this year, with real GDP growing by a seasonally adjusted annualized pace of 37.9% on the back of recovering domestic and external demand, according to the preliminary release this week from the Central Bureau of Statistics.
This unusually spectacular performance reflects the easing of the first lockdown and the fact that the second began only in the final two weeks of the quarter.
Hence, it would be wise to remain cautious, given that real GDP also contracted by 1.4% year on year; consumer spending and investment indicators were down sharply in comparison with a year earlier.
Moreover, economists and other experts taking part in Euromoney’s risk survey downgraded Israel’s total risk score in the third quarter.
As in other countries, Israel has been struggling to contain Covid-19, with more than 362,000 officially recorded cases and a death toll now exceeding 2,700 in a population of 9.25 million.
The failure to pass the budget, causing instability within the governing coalition, and the exaggerated fiscal deficit – pumping up the debt burden to a predicted 80% of GDP by next year – are not a recipe for investor confidence.
Yet so far, the country has held up in Euromoney’s global risk rankings, climbing to 24th out of 174 countries, making Israel a similar risk to Chile and Luxembourg.
Its total risk score of 68.62 is not only the best in the Middle East, ahead of Qatar (30th) on 64.64, but is also higher on year-to-date, year-on-year and five-year trend bases.
The only conclusion is that Israel is becoming safer over time; the question is how?
The economy is part of the puzzle.
The unemployment rate is uncomfortably high, but survey contributor Gil Bufman of Bank Leumi presents Euromoney with a chart showing that Israel’s GDP has not contracted as severely this year as it has in the US, the UK or the euro zone, so comparatively it is faring better.
“Israel's current GDP level is only 2.6% below its level back in the fourth quarter of 2019, prior to the outbreak of the coronavirus crisis,” he says, quoting Bank Leumi’s latest weekly report produced by his colleagues, Yaniv Bar and Gili Ben-Abraham.
“This rate is low compared to most of the developed countries of the world. That is to say, the cumulative damage of the coronavirus crisis felt by the Israeli economy in the first three quarters of 2020 was moderate compared to other countries, some of which experienced a longer period of complete economic shutdown than that which occurred in Israel, for example, France, Spain and others.”
Bank Leumi is now expecting a year average decline of 3.4% in 2020, which is better than the 5.5% drop previously expected, noting in particular the welcome increase registered in exports of diamonds and industrial goods.
Israel is also forecast to back next year, too, with real GDP growing by 5% to 6%, and the confidence in this prediction is no doubt underpinned by the recent news flow on global vaccine development.
However, Israel’s low risks go deeper than its macroeconomic statistics.
One area of particular interest is its structural indicator improvements, with higher scores for demographics, infrastructure and labour relations.
One contributor mentioned privately that Israel has the highest fertility rate within the OECD, providing a pool of young workers to boost economic growth potential and ease any demographic shock.
The government is also investing heavily in infrastructure projects to alleviate transport system bottlenecks, including plans to build a new airport. It has a thriving tech sector and possesses offshore natural gas reserves.
Bank stability scores highly, while another positive is Israel’s capital access receiving a higher score this year, demonstrating the ease of raising finance on the international markets.
This is understandable, not least because the country runs a solid current account surplus, has a predictable policymaking framework underpinned by strong central bank credibility, and a high score – indeed, the highest in the region – for government payments/capital repatriation.
Israel’s improving relations with Bahrain, Sudan and the United Arab Emirates have also undoubtedly helped its overall country risk, thanks to increased regional cooperation, transport links and trade ties.
The landmark peace deals brokered by the administration of outgoing president Donald Trump have given birth to a $3 billion development fund to engage the private sector in improving agricultural productivity, energy and water security, and regional infrastructure.
Already it has been announced that the trans-Israel oil pipeline linking two oil ports, one in Eilat on the Red Sea and the other in Ashkelon on the Mediterranean Sea, will be extended to the UAE. That will create the most cost-effective route for transporting oil from the Gulf to Europe.
With Iran a common enemy, other Arab states might follow suit – and for investors seeking out lower-risk options, Euromoney’s survey demonstrates Israel’s potential for ‘milk and honey’. | <urn:uuid:342990f2-0efd-4e87-9dba-553210333746> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.euromoneycountryrisk.com/article/b1p9yvghn3q2g0/two-lockdowns-later-israel-is-still-showing-resilience-to-the-risks | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.948209 | 1,097 | 1.726563 | 2 |
The Association of periOperative Registered Nurses (AORN) Recommended Practices state that “Every patient deserves a clean OR,” but historically there has been no easy way to objectively quantify that the OR is clean. In addition, surgical site infections (SSIs) continue to be a significant source of clinical complication and economic consequence for hospitals. SSIs account for 17 percent of all healthcare-associated infections (HAI) – an estimated 300,000 cases each year in the U.S. alone – and cost up to $10 billion annually.(1)
The very nature of an operating room makes it a high-risk environment for transmission and acquisition of pathogens. Organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococus spp., Acinetobacter baumanii, and Clostridium difficile can survive for extended periods of time on surfaces. If not cleaned and disinfected properly, these pathogens can be passed on to patients and healthcare workers.
This highlights the need for thorough and effective cleaning in operating rooms. An OR environmental hygiene program that can be completed quickly and thoroughly and a clearly defined OR room turnover process can help hospitals provide a clean OR for each and every patient.
The AORN Recommended Practice on Environmental Cleaning is one of the most practical sets of recommendations for disinfection available to healthcare facilities seeking guidance on improving cleanliness in the OR. Recently updated, AORN’s recommendations for cleaning the OR include engaging a multi-disciplinary team, focusing on high touch objects, and objectively monitoring cleaning outcomes.[ii]
A comprehensive environmental hygiene program can help hospitals turn rooms in less time, improve thoroughness of cleaning, document essential processes, reduce and properly handle red bag waste, and follow appropriate infection control techniques and AORN Recommended Practices.
To properly address environmental hygiene, there are several key components that must be in place to deliver improved cleaning outcomes, such as:
- Training and education on best practices
- Standardized processes to consistently disinfect high touch objects
- Objective ways to measure program effectiveness and the thoroughness of cleaning
- Infection control practices to prevent cross contamination
- A fast, effective disinfectant with consistent delivery of correct concentration
- Ergonomic tools and practices to prevent injury
But to be effective, any environmental hygiene program for the OR must also be efficient. OR turnover time is critical and must be kept to a reasonable minimum, while still achieving optimum cleaning and disinfection. This is easier to accomplish with well established cleaning processes and protocols.
Due to the multitude of activity that occurs when one patient leaves an OR to when the next patient enters it (“wheels out to wheels in”), clearly defining the roles for each member of the perioperative team helps minimize any confusion about the cleaning process. When everyone on the team knows what and where to clean, the risk of missing an area or double cleaning an area can be minimized. In addition, providing cleaning supplies and tools that are available when and where they are needed help the OR staff save valuable time by not having to go find the tools required to clean the OR.
OR turnover kits that include microfiber mops and cloths can help to reduce the time to clean and prepare the OR for the next procedure because they are easy to use and provide all the supplies needed to clean the room together in one place. These kits have been shown to help OR teams reduce turnover time, improve infection control, and provide a consistent standard of care for each patient. And they comply with AORN, OSHA and Joint Commission recommendations.
Environmental cleaning and disinfection of the OR is a team effort often involving both perioperative and environmental services personnel. Today, it is vital that all members of the perioperative team work together to improve cleanliness and patient safety. A multifaceted approach to room turnover including best practices cleaning protocols, high touch object cleaning, the use of OR turnover kits and objective monitoring of cleaning outcomes can be an effective means of reducing the risk of infections in your OR. | <urn:uuid:876aa96f-98d8-40fc-a931-0fb81bcf73a8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.medicaldesignandoutsourcing.com/aorn-cleaning-steps-practical-for-efficient-or-turnover/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.92354 | 822 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Starbucks launches 'Borrow A Cup' trial for Earth Month
Plus a new research and innovation center to find new ways to positively impact the planet
Starbucks is the most popular coffee chain in the world and also one of the greatest producers of waste: more than 8,000 coffee cups per minute.
Climate change is on the brand’s agenda as never before.
As part of the commitment to reduce landfill waste in half by 2030, it’s publicly sharing the Borrow a Cup, Save a Cup program, as a test, for Earth Month.
Each borrowed cup replaces up to 30 disposable cups.
Scheduled to open in December 2021, The ASU-Starbucks Center for the Future of People and the Planet will focus on initiatives aimed to positively impact the future of our planet. | <urn:uuid:9626b9e7-a7a4-452f-b962-f38decf7f91d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newspitality.com/p/starbucks-launches-borrow-a-cup-trial?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.882858 | 171 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Barbary lion Information
The barbary lion is the nominate lion subspecies in north africa. It occurred from the atlas mountains to Egypt. The last recorded shooting of a wild barbary lion took place in 1942 near Tizi n’Tichka in Morocco. alfred Edward Pease referred to the barbary lion as the “North African lion”. it had been additionally known as Berber lion, Egyptian lion, and Atlas lion. These lions were additionally unbroken within the menagerie at the Tower of London and were offered as gifts to royal families of Morocco and ethiopia. It inhabited the atlas mountains and was therefore also known as the Atlas lion.
Distribution and habitat
Lions area unit unremarkably related to the savannah grasslands of southern and southeastern Africa. barbary lions inhabited the range countries of the atlas mountains including the barbary Coast. They board giant prides, looking herds of antelope and other ungulates of the grasslands. there were also many lions among the forests and woodsy hills of the Constantine Province eastward into tunisia and south into the Aurès Mountains.
Barbary lion characteristics
The barbary lion is one of the largest lion sub-species. Barbary limbs are shorter, the torso more robust and muscular with a deeper chest and well-rounded hindquarters. Barbaries have wide faces and rounded cheeks; their muzzles, which are shorter than those of African lions, are also proportionally narrower. The mane hair was 8 to 22 cm long. Male measure around 2.35 to 2.8 m, and females measure around 2.5 m. bone size varied from 30.85 to 37.23 cm. Average weight can be 270 to 300kg.
Scientific Name: Panthera leo leo
Lifespan: 15 years
Origin: North Africa
Common Names: Berber lion, Egyptian lion and Atlas lion
Size: 2.35 to 2.8 m
Skull: 30.85 to 37.23 cm
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Class: Mammalia
- Order: Carnivora
- Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae
- Subfamily: Pantherinae
- Genus: Panthera
- Species: P. leo
- Subspecies: P. l. leo
Barbary lion Facts
- The last recorded shooting of a wild barbary lion took place in 1942 near Tizi n’Tichka in Morocco.
- Alfred Edward Pease referred to the barbary lion as the “North African lion”. It was also called “Berber lion”, “Egyptian lion”, and “Atlas lion”.
- They also preyed on wild boar and red deer.
- Barbary lions were used by Romans to see a fight with gladiators.
- In the wild, they used to form only one family unit which consists of a male, one female and two cubs.
- They can live up to 15 years in the wild.
Barbary lion Behavior / Lifecycle
They were more frequently found in pairs or family parties comprising a lion, lioness and one or two cubs. Several times he came across two old lions and a lioness living and hunting together. Their breeding season is thought to have been in january. Records from captivity show that their gestation was approximately 110 days, when which 1-6 cubs were born, with 3-4 being most common. The cubs were heavily spotted with very dark rosettes and weighed around three.5 pounds at birth. Their eyes opened around the sixth day, and they began walking at thirteen days. They were solitary creatures. However, historical records suggest that they were often seen hunting as a unit.
Barbary lion Feeding / Hunting
When barbary stags and gazelles became scarce in the atlas mountains, lions preyed on herds of livestock that were rather carefully tended. They also preyed on wild boar and red deer.
Photo of Barbary lion
Got some questions? Or some suggestions? That’s why we’ve got a comments section on this blog! You can feel free to leave a comment or two down below and we’ll get back to you as soon as possible!
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Also Read: Asiatic Lion | <urn:uuid:e4b3cb93-4a44-49b7-a883-bacadc108151> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.petworlds.net/barbary-lion/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.963354 | 946 | 3.625 | 4 |
BOMA Energy Training for Building Operators
Setting the Pace
The BOMA e-Energy Training program is designed to enable building operations personnel to understand basic energy principles, identify energy reduction opportunities, develop strategies and influence stakeholders to adopt energy saving behaviours. The program highlights operational energy management opportunities, as well as those available through capital projects.
Significant Features of the Program
- Interactive online program using the latest web-course technology.
- Specifically designed for building operators, engineers and other personnel with some experience, with input from experienced building operations personnel.
- Shown to substantially improve (+28%) operators’ ability to identify and implement energy saving measures.
- Participants can learn at their own pace, 24/7, from any location.
- Includes ongoing course support and Certificate issued upon successful completion.
Core Content: 11 Modules
- Module 1 – Overview of Energy Management
- Module 2 – Behavioural Opportunities
- Module 3 – Energy Basics
- Module 4 – Metering & Billing
- Module 5 – Lighting
- Module 6 – Electrical Opportunities
- Module 7 – HVAC Systems
- Module 8 – Heating Plant
- Module 9 – Cooling Plant
- Module 10 – Controls for Energy Management
- Module 11 – Selling the Project
Reduce Your Operating Costs & Emissions
What Course Participants are Saying…
“Material learned is very beneficial for the individual and offers valuable savings opportunities for the company.”
“The spreadsheets and links are very beneficial for future use.”
“The course is an excellent source for helping to summarize project costs and benefits as part of a capital budget, as well as ‘selling’ the benefits of energy savings projects.’’
– Green Buildings Foundation
Earn BOMI SMT® Credit
Individuals who successfully complete the e-EnergyTraining program can receive an Administrative Competency credit for the BOMI SMT® course for ‘Energy Management and Controls’.
Building A Sustainable Future
For more information, please contact BOMA Manitoba | <urn:uuid:f29fb573-c3f7-4f2c-a64c-c677fc3ae0bd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bomamanitoba.ca/education/boma-energy-training/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.860845 | 431 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Titanium longboards are—lifetime guaranteed—not supposed to snap. But when you’re longboarding for 150 miles straight, it’s not outside the realm of possibilities. Two riders on last weekend’s three-day, 150-mile longboard trip across Minnesota saw their boards snap in half—but that wasn’t going to stop them from finishing; they simply got new ones. Because this wasn’t a trip that any of the 15 participants would quit on.
Called “Push For Awareness,” the long ride aimed to raise awareness and money for depression. It was the third in three years.
After his high school friend Dylan Wade committed suicide, Jake Bailey, founder of the ride, was appalled. As Bailey put it, “Dylan had a big heart, always showing concern for others. He was the kind of kid that would always joke around with you because he enjoyed making you laugh. He really seemed to enjoy school and hanging out with friends, but rarely shared his struggles with depression.”
After Wade’s suicide in June 2013, Bailey and two other boys, Lucas Hess and Kyle Olson (who both also attended high school with Wade) wanted to stir up a conversation. One they wished could have been present while Wade was alive.
“I’ve learned what prevents a lot of people from getting the help they need is the stigma attached to depression and mental illness,” Bailey said. And he set out to change that.
To do so, the three 19-year-old boys boldly chose this three-day, 150-mile longboarding excursion, equipped with sidewalk chalk to spread awareness about Dylan, and depression. During that first year, faced with blaring heat, 22-mph wind against them, and exhausting days, thinking about Wade’s struggle pushed Olson, Hess and Bailey to the finish line.
This year, the trip raised an outstanding $6,000 for SAVE.org, almost twice 2013’s $3,100. Sticking to the same route, the riders started in Duluth, Minn., on the Alex Laveau Memorial Trail, which eventually connects to the Willard Munger Trail. The trip continues until reaching Xylite Park in Blaine. Mileage wise, the amounts deem themselves daunting. The first day consists of 70 miles, with 40 miles on both the second and third day.
In addition to broken boards, the riders were met with unavoidable challenges. On the second day, the route requires riding on Highway 61, essentially a dignified racetrack. The weather didn’t help, either—they woke up to pouring rain. But not a single rider backed out. Plus, although the conditions were tough, they received huge amounts of support along the way.
“Our first year we had no support—we were on our own riding with all our supplies in our backpacks,” Bailey said. “This year we had the support of the volunteers, and at most of our stops, restaurants, hotels, and gas stations supported us with snacks and Gatorade, breakfast, lunches and even full-course dinners after each day.”
So far, the endeavor has a perfect record of zero broken bones.
The conversation-starting work of Bailey, Hess, and Olson has made a mark in Minnesota—and beyond. Recently, SAVE.org asked Bailey to give a speech about the endeavor. He ended it on this note: “Every year we continue to grow by helping others remove the barriers others face in getting the help they need. I wish more than anything that Dylan could be one of the riders with us, but I think he would be proud to know we are making a difference on his behalf.” | <urn:uuid:acae2606-db41-4c9c-b03e-9e0840c5ddde> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://staging.pastemagazine.com/travel/150-miles-for-depression/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.97194 | 784 | 1.84375 | 2 |
COPE: Core Plant Excellence
The purpose of the COPE-project is to increase knowledge on how the Swedish manufacturing industry can preserve and strengthen its’ role as core plant with undiminished competitive capabilities, in order to compete with excellence. There is representation of core plant issues in literature, however there is as of yet limited insights on what capabilities are required for a core plant to be excellent.
Description of the project
The Swedish manufacturing industry is becoming increasingly affected by globalisation. Many Swedish manufacturing organisations have therefore implemented the concept of core plants, also known as lead factories, in strive for operational excellence and competitive production development. The role of a core plant holds great potential but entails challenges as well as possibilities. It should act as an intermediary in communicating the organisation’s development of technology, processes and methods of working, and also hold responsibility for coordinating global collaboration, designing strategies for effective knowledge exchange between factories and management.
The expected main deliverable of this project is a set of tools and contributions that may enable the Swedish manufacturing industry to design their core plants after best practice and in accordance with the prerequisites of the organisation in question. The project is driven in collaboration between Mälardalen University and Jönköping University, with funding from The Knowledge Foundation. Partners in the three-year project are Alfa Laval, AstraZeneca, Bombardier, Volvo GTO, Volvo CE, Volvo Cars, GKN Aerospace and SKF. | <urn:uuid:fc1d8ce9-e78e-4830-86fa-5f02b8882380> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mdu.se/en/malardalen-university/research/research-projects/cope-core-plant-excellence | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.950844 | 302 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Formula 1 is set for a dramatic weekend of hot weather and thunderstorms at the Hockenheimring.
That is not the kind of temperatures Mercedes, who struggled in the heat (and humidity) at Austria, are hoping to encounter. Asked after the British Grand Prix whether they had a solution for the cooling problems which dogged it at the Red Bull Ring, team principal Toto Wolff said: “The fix is to hope that it’s not 32 degrees.”
“We haven’t got the right answers yet,” he continued. “We know what we can do and what is possible with the current architecture of the car. But you can’t redesign it in a way that would give us great comfort.”
However the heat should cease to be a problem after Friday. Saturday will bring a risk of thunderstorms and a growing chance of rain from around noon. This will bring respite from the scorching weather.
By Sunday the air temperature will be no higher than the mid-twenties. The prospect of rain during race day is also considerably higher, and thunderstorms are a possibility throughout the day.
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2019 German Grand Prix
- Williams keep only point of 2019 so far as appeal court rejects Alfa Romeo protest
- Fine instead of penalty for unsafe release was “proper” decision – Ferrari
- Alfa Romeo appeal to be heard next month
- Hulkenberg: Hockenheim drag strip run-off not up to F1 standard
- Leclerc “surprised” by fan video showing Hamilton going off at his crash scene | <urn:uuid:5100a977-8ae4-4d1f-8730-491315b38bb3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sitemap.racefans.net/2019/07/25/scorching-heat-and-thunderstorms-forecast-in-hockenheim/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.943094 | 349 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Even if VisualApplets comes along with a useful basic configuration, it can be adapted individually to fit the user’s needs in the best way. The configuration of the program can be changed and stored on the local computer. You can change your settings in several setting dialogs which are accessible over the user interface of VisualApplets.
You can define global settings for all users, personal settings for the current user, or local settings for a certain installation.
All configurations are stored in one configuration file („VisualApplets.ini“). During the installation process, you have already selected the location of this file.
The following sections describe the setting options.
You can access the dialogs where you can specify your system settings as follows:
- Select menu item → .
The System Settings window opens where you can choose between different setting categories. For each category, a settings dialog is displayed.
This dialog allows configuring the default locations of different types of files.
|Default Path Settings|
If Visual Applets is installed on your system in a folder that requires administrator rights (e.g., C:\Programs), you have to start VisualApplets with administrator rights in order to use the default paths.
Alternatively, you can adapt the path settings under System Settings / Path Settings. Also adapt the path under 'System Settings' / Global Build Settings / Generation of Hardware Applets / Path for storage of hardware applets (*.hap) in this case.
Path for temporary files: While running, VisualApplets needs to generate temporary files. Usually, these files will be deleted when VisualApplets is closed. Select the directory where these files should be created.
Use the system’s temporary directory: If you check this option, VisualApplets retrieves this location from the operating system. This is the recommended setting. If you want to use another directory for this purpose, un-check this box, specify an alternative directory in the field above and make sure it is not write-protected.
Path for storage of user libraries: User libraries are containers for modules created by the user himself. (See the according chapter for further details.) In this field you can specify the directory where the user-defined modules are to be saved to and loaded from. Change this directory to another directory (e.g., to one on a network drive) when you are sharing these libraries with other team members or on different PCs. Make sure this directory is not write-protected.
Path for storage of custom libraries: Custom libraries are containers for custom operators created by the user himself. (For creating custom operators, a VisualApplets Expert license is required.) In this field, you can specify the directory where the custom operators are to be saved to and loaded from. Change this directory to another directory (e.g., to one on a network drive) when you are sharing the custom operators with other team members or on different PCs. Make sure this directory is not write-protected.
Path for storage of your Tcl script collection: VisualApplets allows you to create Tcl scripts and to make use of the individual Tcl procedures as library elements. In this field, you can specify the directory where your Tcl scripts are to be saved to and loaded from. Change this directory to another directory (e.g., to one on a network drive) when you are sharing the your Tcl script collection with other team members or on different PCs. Make sure this directory is not write-protected.
Path for VisualApplets designs: Here, you can define the default location where VisualApplets saves design files (*.VA) and loads them from. Make sure this directory is not write-protected, and uncheck the Use previously selected directory option.
Use previously selected directory: If the box is checked, VisualApplets suggests to save the *.va file into the directory you used last time for this purpose. If unchecked, VisualApplets suggests the directory specified in the field Path for VisualApplets designs for saving/loading design files.
Path for storing SDK projects: Select here the default location of the automatically generated source code („SDK project“) that demonstrates the usage and parameterization of the generated applet inside the SiliconSoftware runtime. The SDK project is generated after the build of the hardware applet or on demand when you choose from the menu→ .
Path to help: Points to the base directory where the files for operator and context help are installed. You can change this path to a central location in order to share the help files among different installations. Make sure the help files are available in the directory you specify.
|Where to store the hardware applets (*.hap files created during the build process)|
The directory for storing your final hardware applets (*.hap files) you define under 'System Settings' in the category Global Build Settings and here under Generation of Hardware Applets / Path for storage of hardware applets (*.hap).
These settings affect the default behaviour of the simulation functionality of VisualApplets.
Location of images for simulation: Specify here the directory where VisualApplets should get the images for simulation. VisualApplets comes along with some sample images for demonstration. But in a real world, you will have your own images, similar to those which have to be processed. Specify the directory where your test images are.
Use previously selected directory: If the box is checked, VisualApplets first suggests the directory where you selected an image for simulation from last time. If unchecked, VisualApplets always suggests the directory specified above for loading images.
Path for destination images: Storage location of image files which are created at simulation probes while the simulation is running. This setting comes up as suggested path when the user is saving the collected simulation results of a certain simulation probe.
Temporary Image Files
Path for temporary image files: Storage location of temporary files which are created while the simulation is running by modules processing simulation data. The specification of this location allows VisualApplets to pick up these files automatically, e.g. at a certain module, and to put them as a source to another part of the design or to another module within the same design.
Use VisualApplets’ temporary directory: If you uncheck this option, make sure the directory you specify is not write-protected. If write-protected, VisualApplets cannot simulate data at all.
The results of the simulation are saved in a binary file format. Two different formats are available:
Save Raw Data as *.rsd : Files are saved in the „RSD“ file format (image data and descriptive data).
Save Raw Data as *.raw: Files are saved in the „Raw“ file format (image data only).
Normally, the user doesn’t need to edit any of these settings.
VisualApplets (version 3.2 and higher) is equipped with a new simulation Engine. The new engine gives a very realistic depiction of the data flow and allows simulating blocked image data streams. The new engine is enabled per default. You can disable the new engine here in cases where you prefer the old simulation engine.
I/O Image Library
Here, you have the choice between two libraries: You can define to use either the Image Magick libary for loading and saving images, or the native implementation of VisualApplets. The Image Magick library is selected per default.
Below, you can set the compression parameters for saving probe images.
These settings allow the user to define the default target platform the applets created in VisualApplets (target hardware applets) will run on. To set this settings is helpful when a developer’s work is focused on certain framegrabbers („Hardware platform“) or certain operating systems of the Silicon Software Runtime („Operating system platform“).
Default platform for target hardware applets
Silicon Software hardware platform: The hardware platform selection shows all available hardware platforms (frame grabber types) which are currently available at the installation of VisualApplets. The platform you specify here will by suggested by the program as the default platform when you create a new design by using the menu item→ .
Example: If you create a project based on a microEnable IV – VD4-CL frame grabber, you can set this hardware platform here as the default platform. It will be suggested by the program when you create a new applet design.
Figure 139. Example: If you always create applets for a Win64 system, you can set this operating system platform here as the default platform:
Operating system platform: The operating system platform selection shows all available operating systems for which applets can be created. The platform you specify here will by suggested by the program as the default platform when you create a new design by using the menu item→ .
|Please note that the settings you enter here will come up as suggestions only. You can change both platforms any time, while creating a new applet, during the design process, or even when you are already done with the applet design. The information about target hardware and target operating system is stored in the according *.VA design file.|
This set of settings is related to the design window of VisualApplet.
Extended Link Capture
Defines the size of the capture area around the input or output ports of selected modules. Increasing the capture area allows an easier and faster creation of links for individual module ports since the user doesn’t need to hit the small ports exactly.
Layout presettings for new designs
Defines the default layout dimensions for new VisualApplets designs. This setting comes into effect when a new VisualApplets design is created via File/New. Please note that the layout dimensions of an existing design can be changed anytime via menu item Design/Diagram Layout Settings/ and are stored for each VisualApplets design individually.
Defines the default distances of grid lines in the design panel. This setting comes into effect when a new VisualApplets design is created via File/New. Please note that the grid line distance of an existing design can be changed anytime via menu item Design/Diagram Layout Settings/ and is stored for each VisualApplets design individually.
These settings define the visualization of the connection links which are combining different modules at a design. Changes of these settings take effect immediately if you have a design file opened.
Link Tool Tip
Defines the information which is displayed at the tool tip when the user moves the mouse cursor over a link. Changes of these settings take effect immediately if you have a design file opened.
The settings of this category allow customizing the process of creating applets.
Specific Synthesis Directory
Here, you can specify the directory where temporary files created during the build process will be generated. These files will be deleted after the applet is generated. (See also Build trace files below)
Generation of Hardware Applets
Here, you can specify the location where generated hardware applets (*hap files) will be stored.
Create subdirectories for Silicon Software platforms: Generates an additional subdirectory according to the platform name.
Copy applets to runtime directories: Copies the resulting files to the Silicon Software runtime (if installed) in order to load the files immediately to a present Framegrabber.
Build Trace Files
Keep build trace files: Here, you can specify a directory where the intermediate files (which will be generated during the build process) can be copied into for detailed analysis of these files or for traceability reasons.Special Settings
Style of synthesized design netlists: Select here the style for netlist generation:
- Use Optimized when building timing-critical designs to try to achieve a better timing closure in the build flow. VisualApplets will generate the FPGA netlist with an alternative naming scheme which in some cases helps the Xilinx tool flow to generate a better distribution of logic on the FPGA. The setting of environment variable VA_NETLIST_STYLE has no influence.
If set to Default, the environment variable VA_NETLIST_STYLE is consulted:
- If the environment variable set to value 2, the alternative naming scheme is used for FPGA netlist generation. The alternative naming scheme in some cases helps the Xilinx tool flow to generate a better distribution of logic on the FPGA.
- If the environment variable set to value 1, the legacy naming scheme (VisualApplets 3.1 and lower) will be used.
- If set to Legacy, the legacy naming scheme (VisualApplets 3.1 and lower) will be used. The setting of environment variable VA_NETLIST_STYLE has no influence. | <urn:uuid:7feb9d03-b03b-467e-bf75-836d7eaf6384> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://docs.baslerweb.com/visualapplets/files/manuals/content/system%20settings.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.829215 | 2,678 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a sewing needle and thread. Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era. Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and leather clothing using bone, antler or ivory sewing-needles and "thread" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.
For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand. The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world. Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression. | <urn:uuid:6f077a53-c6b6-48e9-945a-0a0bca4cdc7f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://worddisk.com/wiki/Sewing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.953594 | 203 | 3.4375 | 3 |
LA BOQUILLA DAM, Mexico (Reuters) - Two people died in a gunfight with Mexico’s military police near a protest at a dam that diverts water to the United States, the National Guard said on Wednesday, as tensions rose between protesters and officials in the drought-hit region.
Mexicans in the northern border state of Chihuahua, angry at the water being funneled across the border, on Tuesday evening hurled Molotov cocktails and rocks at security troops, eventually occupying the La Boquilla dam and closing the sluice gates.
The violence, which Mexican President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador called “regrettable,” comes amid plans to divert additional water to the United States due to the so-called ‘water debt’ Mexico has accumulated as part of a 1944 bilateral treaty that regulates water sharing between the neighbors.
The National Guard said on Twitter that some of its agents from La Boquilla on Tuesday night detained three people found with tear gas and a firearm ammunition magazine, and took them for processing to the city of Delicias.
There, the National Guard unit was shot at and “repelled the aggression,” according to the statement. One person died at the scene and another from their injuries later in hospital, it said.
Chihuahua Attorney General Cesar Peniche told reporters that investigators called to the scene found a car hit by at least three bullets. Inside the vehicle, a woman had been killed by gunfire while a man was injured. Local police told investigators that the National Guard had left the scene shortly before, Peniche said.
News channel Milenio named the two killed as Jessica Silva and Jaime Torres, a couple who worked in agriculture and who had protested at La Boquilla.
A Reuters witness said groups of residents in towns surrounding the La Boquilla dam clashed with National Guard troops earlier on Tuesday after they refused to turn off the dam floodgates.
The residents lobbed Molotov cocktails, rocks and sticks at the security forces, who were clad in riot gear and retaliated with tear gas, the witness said and images show. Eventually, the protesters stormed the dam premises and shut the floodgates themselves.
When asked about the situation at his regular news conference on Wednesday, Lopez Obrador said the National Guard had been “prudent” to withdraw to avoid inflaming tensions.
He did not mention the deaths, which the National Guard reported on Twitter after the briefing.
Lopez Obrador has sought to assuage concerns of Mexican farmers and voters about water rights, while protecting delicate relations with the United States.
He has also warned that Mexico could face sanctions if it did not divert water, after building up a deficit in recent years by receiving more water than it has given back.
Additional reporting and writing by Drazen Jorgic and Daina Beth Solomon, Editing by Rosalba O’Brien
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles. | <urn:uuid:2fc5baa0-11e1-481d-b6a4-4a4a92ed0b88> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mexico-usa-water-idUSKBN2602K0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.973474 | 620 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Nest Thermostat Wiring Diagram York – Technology makes a much better life and it’s true. Sophisticated gadgets and devices also come to increase your home using technology, one of which will be Nest thermostat. This smart gadget allows you to control temperature through internet easily. But before that, you will need to understand nest thermostat wiring diagram york to generate everything works.
Nest thermostat is another generation of heating and cooling apparatus. Not only does this allow you to control temperature readily, but the device can also be able to learn your own pattern. But, you want to spare your time and learn more about Nest thermostat including the wiring diagram prior to enjoying the features.
Nest Thermostat Wiring Diagram York and How to Install
When it comes to installing Nest thermostat, then you have to deal with Nest Thermostat Wiring Diagram York, either you like it or not. Knowing the diagram helps you install and set up the device correctly. There’s not anything to fret about it. Nest provides simple guidance that will make everything easier.
When you come to the phase to plug in wires into base plate of Nest thermostat, you have to set the cables precisely in line with the diagram. In case you are not sure where the wire goes, see Nest’s wiring diagram helper online. This site provides all information you need related to Nest Thermostat Wiring Diagram York.
The wiring diagram helper may guide you which wires go to that interface. To make your job simpler, prepare needle-nose pliers. You will require this to straighten the cable easily.
Use the pliers to fit and secure cable, press button and then insert the wire as far as it can go. Lift up the button and the cord is firmly inserted. To ensure, give it a smooth recoil. When it doesn’t come out, it signals the wire has been properly inserted.
When you completed each of the cables, you can shove on the wires inside. It makes the wire are not sticking out the base plate. The final step is taking the major thermostat or screen. Be sure that the logo is in the top. To fasten, push till you hear clicks.
After the installation is finished along with Nest Thermostat Wiring Diagram York doesn’t bring you problem, the next step would be placing the thermostat. Setting up the device is actually easy but it is composed of several actions.
First, select your language. To browse to desired language, spin toaster’s silver dial in either way then compels to pick. Connect your thermostat to Wi Fi system and push again, pick the system from the listing.
Enter Wi Fi password and then proceed to checkmark icon to complete. You’ll get a confirmation which the thermostat is linked. Push to continue. Then, set up the location. This enables the device to show weather. Press again to continue. You might locate that the device supply location that is not yourssimply press No.
Next you have to choose the continent you reside in and also the zip code. After that, select the place kind you reside in; either Single Family, Multi Family, or condo as well as where you locate the thermostat in your property. The following step: set up the heating and cooling in order the system works properly.
In this phase, the unit will show Nest Thermostat Wiring Diagram York. If all is great, just push to continue. If not, rearrange the cable. When Nest thermostat was discovered, confirm the system and continue placing the temperature. After finishing this, you might also set up the application for remote control if desired. To enjoy this feature, download the application from Google Play or App Store. You will have to provide email address and sign up before getting the ease of controlling Nest thermostat in your smartphone. | <urn:uuid:540a5558-eb41-4680-a030-280ee7b32fde> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nestwiringdiagram.com/nest-thermostat-wiring-diagram-york/nest-thermostat-wiring-diagram-heat-pump-all-wiring-diagram-nest-thermostat-wiring-diagram-york/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.905444 | 820 | 2.1875 | 2 |
If you are looking for ways to live more sustainably and create a healthier lifestyle, I have a few thoughts I’d like to share with you. Maybe you’re considering a plant-based or vegan diet? Or you want to be more conscious about what you eat and how it affects your health and the world around you?
The types of food we choose to put in our body — and how we source that food — not only affects our health and wellbeing but also has a significant impact on the health of our planet. The good news is, it is really not difficult nor complicated to develop eating habits that are healthy and environmentally friendly.
Here are 3 simple things you can start doing today to take action, eat more sustainably and also help reduce (y)our carbon footprint.
1. Buy local
Buying locally grown food helps reduce fossil fuels required to transport food long distances. It also beneficial to the local economy, farmers, and other producers. Check out what locally sourced options are available in your area, like farmers markets, grocery coops, or CSAs (community-supported agriculture). When possible, buy in bulk to minimize excess packaging > Click here to check out how I stock my pantry
Locally grown produce is more likely to be in season and more sustainably produced, rather than out-of-season produce that relies on unnatural conditions to grow such as high-energy lighting and heating, and longer travel to reach grocery stores. If you have a green thumb and have space for it, also try to consider starting your own vegetable garden — it doesn’t get more local than that! 🙂
2. Eat less meat and more plants
The livestock industry depends on massive amounts of water consumption, land use for grazing and is a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions including methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide.
Eating less meat can benefit the planet and may also boost your health. Rich in whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and healthy fats such as olive oil, a vegetarian or vegan diet can help reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, and obesity.
If you’re not ready to go completely meat-free or vegan, you can ease into it by replacing just a few of the animal-sourced foods in your diet with plant-based alternatives. For example, designate one day of the week for trying out a new plant-focused meal. You might be pleasantly surprised at the variety of delicious options available. > For some inspiration, check out here my recipe index
3. Compost your kitchen scraps
It’s estimated that between 30% and 40% of food goes to waste each year in the United States. One simple way to reduce food waste in your home is to compost kitchen scraps like banana peels, coffee grounds, and vegetable peelings. Composting breaks down food waste naturally, resulting in nutrient-rich fertilizer — or humus — which can be used as a supplement to improve the quality of the soil. Although it’s best to avoid lots of leftovers and excess groceries, if you end up with food that has gone bad, composting is a better alternative than simply throwing it away in the trash.
You can purchase a backyard compost bin at most home improvement stores, or you can build your own with pallets and chicken wire. Some counties offer organics collections in addition to weekly trash and recycling services.
In addition to reducing food waste in landfills, composting reduces the need for pesticides and chemical fertilizers, and helps suppress plant diseases.
a few final thoughts…
The type of food you choose to eat, and the way that food is sourced, can make a big difference in your health and the environment. By incorporating these practices into your day-to-day routine, you’ll be well on your way to a more sustainable and earth-friendly lifestyle. | <urn:uuid:4b842710-4eeb-402f-8135-92c428925380> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.culinary-postcards.com/3-simple-way-to-eat-more-sustainably/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.948186 | 794 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Hearing loss can be challenging in a variety of situations. That is why hearing aid technology is constantly being enhanced to help wearers master the most difficult listening situations. The use of masks as well as increased distancing while talking because of the coronavirus pandemic is a unique challenge that can be very frustrating even for people with normal hearing. But for the hard of hearing it can prove especially difficult.
To help support hearing aid wearers to continue to communicate safely and effectively during these unprecedented times, Signia offers flexible solutions for you as a Hearing Care Professional (HCP) and your clients to optimize speech intelligibility in this “new normal” world of face masks and physical distancing. The latest audiology bulletin from Signia, Removing the Masking without Removing the Mask: Improving communication with face masks, outlines how effectively Signia hearing aids master this new challenge.
The adverse effects of masks on speech understanding
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread around the world, many more people have started to wear face masks for their own protection and the protection of others. In combination with keeping a greater physical distance from other people, it is important to consider how this impacts speech communication.
Not only do masks cover the mouth, restricting any visual speech cues that we might usually also rely on, from a simple smile to full lip-reading. They also affect the acoustic properties of the speech signal itself. This is significant because visual cues are proven to help improve listening performance, even in noise. And masks can reduce frequencies in the 2000-7000 Hz range by between 3 to 12 dB* depending on the type of mask being used by the person who is talking. Even someone with normal hearing could experience a decrease in audibility of about 30% in this situation, according to the audiology bulletin. This is then exacerbated by the lack of visual cues.
How social distancing affects speech understanding
Social distancing recommendations vary globally, but many governments advise maintaining a distance of at least 6 feet (2 meters) from people outside the household and anyone with COVID-19 symptoms. Many conversations usually happen at half that distance, however. So doubling the distance further weakens the already reduced speech signal due to wearing a mask. As a result, an already challenging communication situation becomes even more difficult.
How you can help to improve listening and speech understanding
Though it might seem daunting at first to tackle such an increased reduction in speech intelligibility due to masks and distancing, understanding their impact provides effective solutions to this new audiological challenge. In a first step, our new audiology bulletin offers clear advice on how to ensure good communication with your patients in the clinical setting:
- Face the patient when talking
- Consider wearing an approved clear face shield to maximize lip/face cues
- Speak slowly and clearly
- Rephrase rather than just repeat what was not understood
- Minimize environmental noise
- Have information ready in written form to minimize communication errors
It is also advisable to inform hearing aid wearers of the adverse acoustic effects of face masks and offer them the measures listed above as a way to improve speech understanding in their daily life.
Connexx holds the key to unlocking the COVID conundrum
In a next step, beyond the behavioral adjustments outlined above, it is also possible to adapt the hearing aids’ amplification to this new situation. This can also be achieved via remote fine-tuning with Signia TeleCare without the patient needing to visit you in person. By conducting a virtual appointment via video call, you can remove the need for face masks completely.
The audiology bulletin explains in detail how setting up a new “Mask” program in Connexx, based on the Universal Program, can compensate for the adverse effects of a face mask and other communication considerations with just a few programming adjustments.
Patients can also further adjust the settings of their Universal Program in line with their real-life wishes by using the Signia app. For Signia Xperience hearing aids**, the Signia Assistant provides real-time, in-app support for the hearing aid wearer. If the wearer is having difficulty understanding speech from behind a mask, they may ask the Signia Assistant for support with “Other Voices” and then “Speech in General”. All wearers using hearing aids compatible with the Signia app can use the app to control the volume and sound balance, specifically high frequency gain, which they can increase to improve speech clarity.
Full details of the steps needed to effectively tackle the audiological challenges of the coronavirus crisis are now available in the Signia audiology bulletin Removing the Masking without Removing the Mask: Improving communication with face masks available in our online Signia Library.
* Llamas C, Harrison P, Donnelly D, Watt d. Effects of different types of face coverings on speech acoustics and intelligibiltiy. York Papers in Linguistics, 2(9): 80-104.
** excluding Silk X | <urn:uuid:e23bab8f-7cc5-404f-9105-e93d08525ef4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.signia-pro.com/en-nz/blog/global/how-signia-hearing-aids-can-help-to-improve-communication-despite-face-masks/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.936954 | 1,031 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Getting majestic looking photos of your Christmas Tree may be much easier than you think. If you want to learn how to photograph your Christmas tree, then this one is for you! Dust off that old camera and bust out the tripod too because you will need it. If you don’t have one, find a vantage point for your camera where you can sit it down on something where it wont move for the 15 or so seconds that you will expose for. A tripod is really useful because it’s nearly impossible to achieve good results by holding it because the slightest move you make will blur your photo. Having a remote trigger wouldn’t hurt either because touching the shutter button can sometimes cause camera shake and lead to blur.
Step 1.. If you have a canon like me, you will turn that big dial around to “M” for manual control.
Set your ISO to 100, your aperture (fstop or number with the “f” in front of it) to 14 or as high as it will go and set your shutter speed to 15″ which means 15 seconds. You can even go as long as a 30 second exposure for a brighter look. The higher you set the aperture, you will need a longer exposure. Different lenses have different aperture ranges – I shoot with a 50mm 1.2, so mine only closes down to a 14. Part of the fun is to try different settings and see how it looks! Try the settings above and tweak it around to see what you like.
Set up your tripod and make sure you have the full tree visible through the viewfinder with both the top and bottom of the tree in view. You can adjust and try different camera angles for some variety. This is a good time to move any distractions like stray toys that might be in the way.
If you have one of those remote triggers, now would be a perfect time to use one! Very gently focus and hit the shutter button to snap a photo. Your camera will freeze for 15 seconds and it will record all the it sees in front of it, so if someone or something streaks across the room that will be visible in your photos as a big blur.
The image on the left is my straight out of camera shot and the right is with a few adjustments.
Tip – The higher the fstop (f14) for my particular lens gives you these pretty star shaped halos around all the lights!
Have fun and experiment with different settings! There is no right or wrong setting – only the ones that work best to achieve the look you want. | <urn:uuid:3d5c72db-d608-4c65-ae88-60fd9838cd11> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ldportraits.net/how-to-photograph-your-christmas-tree/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.936419 | 541 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Open access in Germany
Open access to scholarly communication in Germany has evolved rapidly since the early 2000s. Publishers Beilstein-Institut, Copernicus Publications, De Gruyter, Knowledge Unlatched, Leibniz Institute for Psychology Information, ScienceOpen, Springer Nature, and Universitätsverlag Göttingen belong to the international Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association.
All major German research institutions have signed the 2003 Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities, including the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Deutsche Initiative für Netzwerkinformation, Fraunhofer Society, German Rectors' Conference, and Max Planck Society.
"The Federal Ministry of Education and Research released its open access strategy paper entitled "Open Access in Germany" on September 20, 2016 which contains a clear commitment to the principles of open access and open science.
There are a number of collections of scholarship in Germany housed in digital open access repositories. They contain journal articles, book chapters, data, and other research outputs that are free to read. As of March 2018 some 161 institutions in Germany maintain repositories, according to the UK-based Directory of Open Access Repositories.
Listings of German repositories can be found in the Germany-based registries Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) and Deutsche Initiative für Netzwerkinformation (DINI), and in international registries Directory of Open Access Repositories (OpenDOAR), Registry of Open Access Repositories (ROAR), and Open Archives Initiative's OAI-PMH Registered Data Providers. Experts consider BASE the most comprehensive registry for Germany.
In 2012, German repositories with the highest number of digital assets were Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt's elib (46,136 items); ZBW – Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft's EconStor (212,000 items); German Medical Science (41,753 items); Universität Bielefeld's PUB (32,695 items); and Alfred-Wegener-Institut's ePIC (29,480 items). "Most of Germany's open access repositories can be found in the most heavily populated Länder: North Rhine-Westphalia (27), Baden-Württemberg (28) and Bavaria (22)."
The upcoming 2019 "International Conference on Open Repositories" will be held in Hamburg.
Conferences and outreach
"Open-Access-Tage" (Open Access Days) have occurred annually since 2007 in various German-speaking locales, including Berlin, Dresden, Göttingen, Hamburg, Köln, Konstanz, Munich, Regensburg. The 2018 event will be held in Graz, Austria.
In 2007 several German institutions launched the general information website, "Open-access.net". The Allianz der Wissenschaftsorganisationen in 2008 initiated an effort to expand open access in order to "exhaust the potential of digital publishing."
Bielefeld University Library hosts the "Transparent Infrastructure for Article Charges" project, which covers article processing charges for publications of Germany and elsewhere. The project began around 2014.
Key events in the development of open access in Germany include the following:
- Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities issued.
- Bielefeld Academic Search Engine launched.
- Aktionsbündnis Urheberrecht für Bildung und Wissenschaft (Coalition for Action "Copyright for Education and Research") formed.
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft adopts open access policy for its grantees.
- Open-access.net launched.
- "Open-Access-Tage" (Open Access Days) begin.
- Allianz der Wissenschaftsorganisationen's Schwerpunktinitiative "Digitale Information" (Priority Initiative "Digital Information") begins.
- Deutsche Initiative für Netzwerkinformation (DINI) begins.
- Registry of Research Data Repositories headquartered in Germany.
- "Transparent Infrastructure for Article Charges" project begins (approximate date).
- Internet in Germany
- Education in Germany
- Media of Germany
- Copyright law of Germany
- List of libraries in Germany
- Science and technology in Germany
- Open access in other countries
- "OA in Germany". Open Access in Practice: EU Member States. OpenAIRE. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
- "Members", Oaspa.org, The Hague: Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association, retrieved 7 April 2018
- Gesetz über Urheberrecht und verwandte Schutzrechte (Urheberrechtsgesetz) § 12 Veröffentlichungsrecht (in German), Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz, retrieved 30 June 2019
- "Germany". Directory of Open Access Repositories. United Kingdom: University of Nottingham. Archived from the original on 6 February 2009. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
- Paul Vierkant (2013). "2012 Census of Open Access Repositories in Germany: Turning Perceived Knowledge Into Sound Understanding". D-Lib Magazine. 19 (11/12). doi:10.1045/november2013-vierkant.
- "Openrepositories.org". Retrieved 12 March 2018.
- "Berlin Open Access Conference Series". Oa2020.org. Munich: Max Planck Digital Library. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
- "Open-Access-Tage". Open-access.net (in German). Retrieved 12 March 2018.
- "Core Activities: Scientific publication system". Schwerpunktinitiative Digitale Information der Allianz der deutschen Wissenschaftsorganisationen. Archived from the original on 13 March 2018. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
- Nancy Pontika (ed.). "Declarations in support of OA". Open Access Directory. United States: Simmons School of Library and Information Science. OCLC 757073363. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
- Peter Suber (2012). Open Access. MIT Press. p. 192. ISBN 9780262517638.
- "Browse by Country: Germany". ROARMAP: Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies. United Kingdom: University of Southampton. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
- Nancy Pontika (ed.). "Timeline 2006". Open Access Directory. United States: Simmons School of Library and Information Science. OCLC 757073363. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
- C. Bruch; et al. (2015), Positions on creating an Open Access publication market which is scholarly adequate: Positions of the Ad Hoc Working Group Open Access Gold in the priority initiative "Digital Information" of the Alliance of Science Organisations in Germany, doi:10.2312/allianzoa.009
- Birgit Schmidt; Iryna Kuchma (2012). Implementing Open Access Mandates in Europe: OpenAIRE Study on the Development of Open Access Repository Communities in Europe. Universitätsverlag Göttingen. ISBN 978-3-86395-095-8 – via Open Access Publishing in European Networks (OAPEN). (+ via Google Books)
- N. Jahn; M. Tullney (2016). "A study of institutional spending on open access publication fees in Germany". PeerJ. 4: e2323. doi:10.7717/peerj.2323. PMC 4991862. PMID 27602289.
- Birgit Schmidt; Margo Bargheer; Norbert Lossau (2014), "Update on Open Access Developments in Germany", Osinitiative.org, United States
- "Springer Nature warns of "free access" threat to revenues", Financial Times, United Kingdom, 26 April 2018
- "Legal Notice", Springernature.com, retrieved 28 April 2018
- Johannes Fournier (2007), Information, Infrastructure, Involvement: The open access agenda in Germany (PDF),
Berlin 5 Open Access: From Practice to Impact, Padova
- European Commission; German Commission for UNESCO (2008), Open Access: Opportunities and Challenges - a Handbook, doi:10.2777/93994
- Richard Poynder (2009), "Eberhard Hilf, veteran German OA advocate", Open and Shut?, Open Access Interviews, United Kingdom
- Thomas Eger; et al. (2015). "Determinants of Open Access Publishing: Survey Evidence from Germany". European Journal of Law and Economics. 39. (2013 version )
- Eelco Ferwerda; Frances Pinter; Niels Stern (2017), "Country Study: Germany", Landscape Study on Open Access and Monographs: Policies, Funding and Publishing in Eight European Countries, Knowledge Exchange, doi:10.5281/zenodo.815932
- "A bold open-access push in Germany could change the future of academic publishing", Sciencemag.org, 2017
- Walt Crawford (2018). "Germany". Gold Open Access by Country 2012-2017. United States: Cites & Insights Books.
- "Germany". Global Open Access Portal. UNESCO.
- "Across the border: Germany". Openaccess.nl.
- "Browse by Country: Europe: Germany". Registry of Open Access Repositories. United Kingdom.
- "(Search: Country of Publisher: Germany)". Directory of Open Access Journals. United Kingdom: Infrastructure Services for Open Access.
- Peter Suber (ed.). "(Germany)". Open Access Tracking Project. Harvard University. OCLC 1040261573.
News and comment from the worldwide movement for open access to research
- "Our members: Germany". Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition. SPARC Europe. | <urn:uuid:510dd287-1628-42c0-b825-7a2d8a0c4908> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wiki.alquds.edu/?query=Open_access_in_Germany | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.681184 | 2,236 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Horticulture is a Cinderella industry that rarely features in the ambitions of the average 16-year-old as a career option, even though their generation cares passionately about the environment and the future of the planet.
The challenges are well known. We need to attract more high-achieving 16-year-olds to the sector while continuing to recruit adults and career changers, and provide worthwhile employment for those with the wide range of abilities
and interests that this wonderful industry attracts and supports.
The Government is developing a new “gold-standard” qualification called the T levels. The horticulture T level will be available from September 2023 and is being designed to attract the brightest 16-year-olds to the sector and develop their skills and knowledge so they can enter employment when they are 18, or go on to further study.
It will focus on innovative technologies, core knowledge and vocational skills, and will involve at least nine weeks’ work experience. The two-year qualification will be equivalent to three A levels and will attract UCAS (Universities & Colleges Admissions Service) points. It will replace many of the level 3 qualifications that confuse employers and students alike.
This is a timely initiative. A survey of 70,000 recent graduates showed that at least 20% are financially worse off as a result of their studies than they would have been had they taken further education, done an apprenticeship or gone straight into employment. Horticulture needs T level graduates because many of its vacancies and hard-to-fill positions are at the skilled/technician level, not degree and postgraduate level.
March’s Budget confirmed the Government’s commitment to put further-education colleges back at the heart of local communities and at the centre of its skills strategy by investing £4bn in them. This is over and above the significant commitments already made to funding T level development and will ensure their skills revolution leads, not follows, changes in working practices driven by new technology and innovation.
When he was mayor of London, Boris Johnson supported further-education colleges. Capel Manor developed a specialist role focused on cost-effectively meeting the land-based education and training needs of Greater London. Since becoming prime minister, Johnson has reaffirmed the importance of further education by saying: “It is a great thing that 50% of our kids should have the ambition to go to university, but it is equally important that other kids acquire the skills they need that can be just as valuable, and it is vital we invest in further education and skills.”
The biggest problem areas for horticulture include diversity — from salad growers to arborists, heritage gardening and landscaping/garden design. The sector is made up of a myriad of sole traders and small and medium-sized enterprises. Employer groups represent their members, not the sector as a whole, and often no one speaks for the small horticulturists who define the sector. No-one outside the sector really understands what horticulture is and the average 16-year-old school pupil does not know enough about it to consider it as a career.
The success of horticulture as a career or interest that helps people in distress or difficulty has become its defining image to many. Young people and their parents often see it as something for those in trouble, not as a rewarding career of choice. The myth that horticulture is a poorly-paid occupation also needs to be challenged. None of this is new and there have been initiatives that tried to resolve these matters, but nothing as yet has made a difference because they failed to earn horticulture the profile and exposure in schools that an industry of its size and importance merits.
But past failure is no reason to stop trying. The education secretary of state is now the pro-further education Gavin Williamson, while two of the strongest advocates in modern times for the benefits of further education, Professor Alison Wolf and Philip Augar, are advisers. Former skills minister Robert Halfon MP is chair of the Parliamentary Education Committee. This alignment of the planets in favour of further education has never been seen before, meaning we must try again.
Those who need to choose the new T level when it becomes available in 2023 are currently 13 years old, so if this new initiative is to have any chance of redefining our sector’s attractiveness as a career for 16-year-olds, we need take action now to make sure that we:
- Have a simple message that resonates with young people We should rebrand all horticultural and associated industries under a new “environmental industries” banner.
- Secure exposure in school years 7-11 It is inconceivable that our teenagers do not study horticulture — a £23bn-a-year industry that employs 568,700 people and makes a significant economic, social and environmental contribution to all our lives. It should be a significant part of the core curriculum and environmental studies — including horticulture, agriculture, ecology and conservation — as well as a GCSE option alongside the sciences.
- Work together to ensure maximum return on investment The RHS has great ambitions in this area and has already invested heavily with support from others in its horticulture in schools, Plan It and careers advice initiatives. The Government, employer groups, colleges, charities, Chartered Institute
- of Horticulture and related organisations should urgently pool resources to develop, fund and sustain a national campaign to ensure that horticulture is taught in secondary schools. A support network needs to be developed to give every secondary school access to horticultural and related facilities/experiences that already exist by introducing a scheme such as the CEVAS (Countryside Educational Visits Accreditation Scheme) farm-visiting programme that is proving so successful.
Dr Steve Dowbiggin is chair of the T level panel for agriculture, environment, land management and production | <urn:uuid:548a981e-da28-44e6-a3e1-97d806f8fa16> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hortweek.com/careers-horticulture-new-gold-standard-t-level-will-inspire-horticulture-recruits/ornamentals/article/1678428 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.965448 | 1,215 | 2.375 | 2 |
There’s been a lot of anxiety and emotion surrounding the Confederate monuments issue, especially now after the events in Charlottesville, Virginia. City mayors have begun to take steps to remove the controversial statues. But statues in cities aren’t the only tangible monuments to these sometimes-revered, sometimes-reviled rebels. We know that U.S. Army installations across the Southern United States are named for Confederate generals; the question no one seems to answer is why.
The U.S. Army has 10 Confederate-named bases in 6 Southern states.CNN/screenshot
Originally, U.S. forts or posts were named primarily for war heroes or prominent figures in American history, as determined by the War Department and the headquarters of the Army. But on many occasions, naming decisions were left up to local commanders; as a result, most installations prior to World War I were named innocuously for whoever the Army district C.O. or neighborhood leaders wanted.
The current crop of 10 installations with Confederate names grew out of the Army’s expansion during the world wars.
The first wave: World War I and II
As the Army looked to grow exponentially after America’s entry into World War I, the War Department sought out land to build new training posts. Installations to train hundreds of thousands of new recruits sprang up all across the country. And the Army — with input from local communities, depending upon location — named each post. (Sidenote: My great grandfather worked as a carpenter and helped build Camp Grant, named after Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, outside Rockford, Illinois, in 1917 before he was drafted.)
Installations in the South tended to be named after local rebel heroes — either by the community that still took their Confederate heritage seriously, or by the Army, which believed that Confederate history was a part of its own. The Army still believes that on some level, given how they require current Army National Guard units in Southern states to display Confederate battle streamers.
Brig. Gen. Edmund Rucker was saved from Union captivity by his friend, Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest. After the war, they went into business together, and Forrest went on to run the Ku Klux Klan.Photoillustration
Not all of the South’s new posts were named after Southern generals, however. In Georgia, for an example, Camp Benning, named after Confederate Gen. Henry Benning in 1918, was erected the same time as Camp Hancock, named for American Union Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock. (Hancock has since closed, but Fort Benning lives on.)
After World War I, most of these camps closed, but a few — including Camp Bragg in North Carolina and Georgia’s Camp Gordon — were selected to become permanent posts. The names became permanent, too.
With America’s entrance into World War II looming on the horizon, the War Department again began to expand the Army, and with it more training posts. Some old camps were reinvigorated and new ones built, like Camp Hood, Texas, in 1942. The naming conventions had remained more or less the same between the wars, so local communities in consultation with the Army got to help name those installations growing up around them.
Standardizing the process
After the war, the Army formalized how it named posts, forts, and installations through a board called the Army Memorialization Board. Governed by Army regulations, this board was charged with ensuring all Army post names met at least one of five criteria. Someone who was so honored would need to be:
- “a national hero of absolute preeminence by virtue of high position,
- an individual who held a position of high and extensive responsibility (Army and above) and whose death was a result of battle wounds,
- an individual who held a position of high and extensive responsibility and whose death was not a result of battle wounds,
- an individual who performed an act of heroism or who held a position of high responsibility and whose death was a result of battle wounds, and
- an individual who performed an act of heroism or who held a position of high responsibility and whose death was not a result of battle wounds.”
The Army, evidently, concluded each C.S.A. name met at least one of these criteria.
Today, as monuments to Confederate leaders and generals come down, the question is: Will the Army do the same with these 10 installations and rename them? The issue has been raised before, with then-Brig. Gen. Malcolm Frost, the Army’s chief spokesman saying in 2015 that the names were a part of American history and represent national reconciliation.
The changing situation
Recent events in Charlottesville may change the Department of the Army’s thinking. Responses to the violence from military senior leaders, including the Chief of Staff of the Army Gen. Mark Milley, have been unanimous in denouncing hatred and racism as against the military’s values.
Ultimately, the Army does have the power to change these bases’ names. Whether they have the motivation to is another matter. Flipping the script on some of the biggest, best-known military installations in the world will take time and money. It also will undoubtedly cause friction inside the Army and beyond. Only a concerted effort on the part of those who wish to see Confederate base names go away will actually make it happen.
Major Mark Herbert is an Army officer, strategist, and military historian. Any personal thoughts or opinions are his alone and do not represent the Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or the U.S. government. | <urn:uuid:691c04ff-d50d-4e76-88d7-771c74700617> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://taskandpurpose.com/history/u-s-military-get-confederate-named-bases-anyway/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.966891 | 1,157 | 3.46875 | 3 |
Introduction to Systems Thinking
Tue 2nd Mar 2021, 6:00 pm – 8:00 pm AEDT
Price$128 AUD + BFGet Tickets
Taking a Systems thinking approach is becoming ever more popular in our complex world. Working across traditional boundaries, forming networks, co-ordinating, collaborating and adapting to our changing environment can pose us with some significant challenges.
In this session you will learn what we mean by ‘Systems thinking’. Why it has emerged as a way of thinking to help us move forward and why it is applicable in our world of work. We will look at how Systems thinking helps us to create the conditions for positive change to emerge. You will also learn some tips about the application of Systems thinking ideas and approaches and the opportunities and challenges that application of the thinking might present us with.
- learn what we mean by ‘Systems thinking
- understand what are differences between systems thinking and other forms of thinking
- learn about some of the major approaches to systems thinking
- learn some some tips about the application of Systems thinking ideas and approaches
- develop an appreciation of some of the opportunities and challenges that application of the thinking might present us with
About the Facilitator
Pauline Roberts is a Systems Practitioner and independent consultant who has worked with a wide range of organisations, such as the NHS, Local Authorities, Ministry of Defence, pharmaceutical industry, charities and voluntary groups, applying systems thinking (in particular the VSM) to identify areas for improvements.
She is a Visiting Lecturer at City University Business School, London, in undergraduate Applied Systems Thinking and an Associate Lecturer with the Open University on the MSc Systems Thinking in Practice courses.
Presentation with some opportunities to interact
Anyone can attend this session. No prior knowledge of System thinking is required. The only thing required is a willingness to engage with different ideas and explore the complexity around you.
What Attendees Get
- List of useful references on systems thinking and its various approaches
- 10% discount on any Liquid Forest Lab course – valid for 6 months
Online, 2h including 5-10 minutes break
AUD $135 – one off introductory discount of 30% (AUD $195.00 – full price)
- AUD $128 – early bird 5% until 1 week before first day of course | <urn:uuid:64172459-f51b-434c-89a9-610c6d3a75bf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stream.syscoi.com/2021/02/16/introduction-to-systems-thinking-with-pauline-roberts-hosted-online-2-march-6pm-aest-paid-humanitix/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.925252 | 497 | 1.851563 | 2 |
You can manually check the spelling of a text selection or the entire document.
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The spelling check starts at the current cursor position, or at the beginning of the text selection.
Click in the document, or select the text that you want to check.
Choose Tools - Spelling.
When a possible spelling error is encountered, thedialog opens and LibreOffice offers some suggested corrections.
Uradite jedno od sljedecih
To accept a correction, click the suggestion, and then click Correct.
Edit the sentence in the upper text box, and then click Correct.
To add the unknown word to a user-defined dictionary, click Add to Dictionary. | <urn:uuid:4120e75e-e440-431b-9dd0-170dd19269cc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://help.libreoffice.org/latest/bs/text/swriter/guide/spellcheck_dialog.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.783893 | 211 | 3.28125 | 3 |
India's International Fellows
The government of India has taken several initiatives towards the international exposure of scientists working in India in addition to providing lucrative incentives to bring back the eminent scientists to the country vis-a-vis implementation of several International Fellowship Programmes / Schemes.
These International Fellowships include:
i) Fellowships for attracting highly skilled, outstanding researchers and scientists of Indian origin working abroad by providing them an attractive avenue to pursue their R&D interests in Indian Institutions.
ii) Fellowships providing opportunities to the best and brightest Indian students/ researchers / scientists to go abroad and gain exposure to world class research facilities and peers in leading institutions, thereby helping to build long-term R&D linkages and collaborations.
iii) Besides these, Indian scientists regularly apply for other international fellowships and their contributions are significant in the international arena.
These efforts have helped develop a pool of talents who are helping in the furtherance of excellence in science in the country. This Section provides information regarding the scholars honoured with these International Fellowships, the year of award, their affiliations and their area of work. It includes information regarding scholars like Ramanujan Fellows, Ramalingaswami Fellows, Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance Fellows, Fulbrighters, Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP) Fellows, Indo-Australia Early and Mid-Career Researchers (EMCR) and so on...
India International Talents
|Soibham Haripriya||Fulbright Fellow||2021||Independent Scholar, Delhi; South Asia Institute, University of Texas-Austin||Poetry, Death, and the Fiction of the Social|
|Sania Ismailee||Fulbright Fellow||2021||Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi; Columbia University, New York||The conflict of gender equality with religious freedom: Secularism and the Uniform Civil Code in India|
|Devi Soumyaja||Fulbright Fellow||2021||Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Cochin; California State University, East Bay||Academic bullying: The role of gender and culture-A cross cultural study between India and USA|
|Prabhin Sukumaran||Fulbright Fellow||2021||Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujrat; University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign||Reconstructing Paleoenvironments and Human Adaptations in West-central India with Stable Isotope Geochemistry: Implications for Modern Human Origins|
|Aparajita Sengupta||Fulbright Fellow||2021||Independent Researcher, Delhi; University of Kentucky, Lexington||Growing Food, Growing Voices: Connecting Women Farmers in India and the United States|
|Susan Haris||Fulbright Fellow||2021||Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi; University of California, Santa Cruz||Building a Multispecies Ethnography Research Lab in India|
|Veera Raghavendra Prasad Guntupalli||Fulbright Fellow||2021||Center for Advanced Studies, University of Delhi; University of Chicago||Diversity and Intercontinental Affinities of Jurassic Mammals of India|
|Amoolya Dodakalappa Rajappa||Fulbright Fellow||2021||Christ University, Bengaluru; Florida State University, Tallahassee||Media Infrastructures and Migrant Labour|
|Meghana Natesh||Fulbright Fellow||2021||Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Tirupati; University of Chicago, Chicago||Insights from the Past: Genetic Impacts of Climatic History and High-Altitude Adaptation in Yaks (Bos grunniens), in the Indian Himalaya|
|Chandra Vadhana Radhakrishnan||Fulbright Fellow||2021||Prayaana Labs, Kerala; Gendered Innovation Lab, Stanford University||“Validation of an Assessment Framework and Tool for Gendered Innovation in Start-Up Incubators”| | <urn:uuid:2dacca5c-9029-4951-b91e-8d66ad55f46b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.indiascienceandtechnology.gov.in/india-international-fellows?page=3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.805716 | 879 | 2.3125 | 2 |
May Jobs Report Keeps Obama On Defensive, Aids Romney's Offense
How to convince voters that while the economy isn't roaring, the situation is still improving?
That's President Obama's challenge, made more difficult with every passing month where the jobs report disappoints, as on Friday. The latest Labor Department report informed us that only 69,000 jobs were created in May, less than half what analysts had forecast. Meanwhile, the jobless rate ticked up a tenth of a percentage point to 8.2 percent.
Fortunately (or unfortunately, to put it more accurately) for the president, he and other White House officials have gotten plenty of practice in trying to put the best face on dissatisfying economic numbers while trying to stay on the offensive.
Obama, for instance, had a visit to a Honeywell plant in Minnesota on his Friday schedule so he could talk up his initiative to encourage employers to hire military veterans. It was part of a strategy to show that he has ideas for improving the nation's job picture.
Obama, of course, couldn't help but acknowledge to the audience at the plant the good news, bad news nature of the current economic story:
"And today, we're still fighting our way back from the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression. The economy is growing again but it's not growing as fast as we want it to grow. Our businesses have created almost 4.3 million new jobs over the last 27 months, but as we learned in today's job report, we are still not creating them as fast as we want.
"And just like this time last year, our economy is still facing some serious headwinds. We had high gas prices a month, two months ago, and they're starting to come down, and they were spiking, but they're still hitting people's wallets pretty hard. That has an impact. And then, most prominently, most recently, we've had a crisis in Europe's economy that is having an impact worldwide, and it's starting to cast a shadow on our own as well. So we've got a lot of work to do before we get to where we need to be. And all these factors have made it even more challenging to not just fully recover, but also lay the foundation for an economy that's built to last over the long term"
Keeping with the theme of trying to take the offensive, it was also a chance for the president to once again publicly prod the Republican-led House to pass his economic "to-do" list that, he says, would improve job growth.
That was also an opportunity, which the president tries to take advantage of any chance he gets, to remind voters that much of his economic agenda has been blocked by that very same House since Republicans took control in January 2011.
Meanwhile, the White House's chief economist, Alan Krueger, who heads the Council of Economic Advisers, did his part to try and drive home the message that the economic situation the president inherited was dire, that real progress has been made and to urge patience. In a blog post on the White House website he wrote:
"Problems in the job market were long in the making and will not be solved overnight. The economy lost jobs for 25 straight months beginning in February 2008, and over 8 million jobs were lost as a result of the Great Recession. We are still fighting back from the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression.
"Today we learned that the economy has added private sector jobs for 27 straight months, for a total of 4.3 million payroll jobs over that period. The economy is growing but it is not growing fast enough...
Obama's problem, however, was that as much as he wants to be on offense, the weak economic recovery continues to force him on the defensive, as it does with all presidents who find themselves running for re-election against a backdrop of a ho-hum recovery.
Such recoveries always make it easier for the challenger, in this case Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney, to create an argument to which many voters prove willing to listen for why the incumbent in the White House needs to go.
That was true for then Gov. Ronald Reagan in his 1980 challenge to President Jimmy Carter and then Gov. Bill Clinton in his 1992 contest against President George H.W. Bush. Both Carter and Bush ran for re-election after economic recoveries had already begun to lift the nation out of the preceding recessions.
But voters didn't buy those incumbents arguments about real improvements in the economy and voted them out.
With a message that could have easily been delivered by Reagan or Clinton, Mitt Romney said in a statement Friday:
"Today's weak jobs report is devastating news for American workers and American families. This week has seen a cascade of one bad piece of economic news after another. Slowing GDP growth, plunging consumer confidence, an increase in unemployment claims, and now another dismal jobs report all stand as a harsh indictment of the President's handling of the economy. It is now clear to everyone that President Obama's policies have failed to achieve their goals and that the Obama economy is crushing America's middle class. The President's re-election slogan may be 'forward,' but it seems like we've been moving backward. We can do so much better in America. That's why I'm running for president."
And as Romney pointed the finger of blame at Obama, congressional Republicans pointed their at both Obama and the Democrats who control the Senate, accusing them of simultaneously doing the wrong thing and doing nothing. In a statement, Speaker John Boehner (R-OH) said:
"And it's clear that the policies that we've seen are not working. And I would just hope that the president and my colleagues in the Senate would look at our plan to create American jobs. Passed over 30 bills that are sitting in the United States Senate. We can help the American people at a time of this great need if the Senate would just look at the bills that are before us."
With five months left between now and Election Day, it's still obviously too early to predict the outcome of the November election based on Friday's employment report.
Some things can safely be predicted, however. If the economy continues May's unsteady progress, Obama and other administration officials will keep pointing out rays of economic hope and reminding voters of how bad situation was when they took office. Meanwhile, Romney, aided by congressional Republicans, will continue to paint the president and his economic policies as a failure.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org. | <urn:uuid:4a904da8-3030-425a-a6d4-1a8aaa26d32d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.upr.org/2012-06-01/may-jobless-report-keeps-obama-on-defensive-aids-romneys-offense | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.981517 | 1,345 | 1.578125 | 2 |
This paper presents a new modelling methodology for compensation of the thermal errors on a gantry-type 5-axis CNC machine tool. The method uses a “Grey Neural Network Model with Convolution Integral” (GNNMCI(1, N)), which makes full use of the similarities and complementarity between Grey system models and artificial neural networks (ANNs) to overcome the disadvantage of applying either model in isolation. A Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) algorithm is also employed to optimise the proposed Grey neural network. The size of the data pairs is crucial when the generation of data is a costly affair, since the machine downtime necessary to acquire the data is often considered prohibitive. Under such circumstances, optimisation of the number of data pairs used for training is of prime concern for calibrating a physical model or training a black-box model. A Grey Accumulated Generating Operation (AGO), which is a basis of the Grey system theory, is used to transform the original data to a monotonic series of data, which has less randomness than the original series of data. The choice of inputs to the thermal model is a non-trivial decision which is ultimately a compromise between the ability to obtain data that sufficiently correlates with the thermal distortion and the cost of implementation of the necessary feedback sensors. In this study, temperature measurement at key locations was supplemented by direct distortion measurement at accessible locations. This form of data fusion simplifies the modelling process, enhances the accuracy of the system and reduces the overall number of inputs to the model, since otherwise a much larger number of thermal sensors would be required to cover the entire structure. The Z-axis heating test, C-axis heating test, and the combined (helical) movement are considered in this work. The compensation values, calculated by the GNNMCI(1, N) model were sent to the controller for live error compensation. Test results show that a 85% reduction in thermal errors was achieved after compensation. | <urn:uuid:43ee5a2d-ffde-4b17-b869-40c101c2cf06> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pure.hud.ac.uk/en/publications/thermal-error-modelling-of-a-gantry-type-5-axis-machine-tool-usin | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.925915 | 408 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Guarding the Guardians - Foundation Office Uganda and South Sudan
This portlet should not exist anymore
Some political sections, notably the political opposition, have, however, contested this security enforcement arguing it was mainly intended to create fear and to eliminate possibilities of legitimate resistance to an election process they view as unlikely to be free and fair.
As Uganda moves towards the general elections due on February 18, there has been an intensive - and highly showcased – build up by the country’s security agencies in what they have called to be preparedness to ensure peace and non-violence during and after the polls. The Uganda Police Force, which is the body mandated with the primary responsibility of keeping law and order, has in the recent past, besides the procurement of high-tech anti-riot equipment taken on an unprecedented recruitment of some 5.500 new officers ahead of the elections. In addition, the national army, the Uganda People’s Defence Force (UPDF) has indicated through its top commanders that while holding the commitment to respect the poll outcomes, it would intervene should cases of electoral violence emerge. The local press has reported that various security agencies had joined forces under the police leadership to ensure violence-free elections.
These developments are, however, put into question particularly by opposition parties who insist that the security build-up is a move intended to intimidate the public and to prevent possibilities of expressing dissatisfaction with the conduct of the electoral exercise even by legal and legitimate means. The opposition contends that the election process so far is already inconsistent with principles of freedom and fairness. It has regularly accused the security agencies of being partisan in favour of the ruling party, the National Resistance Movement (NRM).
Prospects of Electoral Violence
As the polls draw nearer, there are deepening concerns that the exercise may not be all free of violence. To this effect, some international organisations including the UN have already issued warnings to their staff. The US state department has also issued warnings to their citizens living in or planning to travel to Uganda. A similar mood also seems to exist among sections of the wider public.
At the technical level, Mr. Asan Kasingye, Assistant Inspector General of Police in an interview for purposes of this paper contended that some indicators to the effect that there may be election violence exist ahead of the polls, which is why the police is getting prepared beforehand. Mr. Kasingye made reference to recent terrorist attacks in Kampala and existing threats of similar actions being attempted to disrupt the election exercise. In addition, he said that some people (politicians), in the process of conducting their campaigns, are making remarks which insinuate that they will try to rally the public towards acts of violence if the electoral results do not turnout in their favour. To this he added a historical trend where incidents of violence have been experienced during previous elections.
On government side, reference is also made to the Kenyan post-election violence of 2007 that left over 300,000 people displaced and hundreds others killed, as well as to the assumption that “Ugandan’s have grown politically” over the past few years.
While incidents of violence were experienced for example during the party primaries – mainly of the ruling NRM, the only party to conduct its primaries under universal suffrage – the campaign season has indeed been generally peaceful until present. At the same time the results of an opinion survey conducted by Afrobarometer in January show that the number of people who expect poll violence is at 52% (compared to 57% in December). There are some indicators that the current tranquillity may not persist throughout the entire election period. One question in this regard remains whether or not the election outcome will be accepted by the side that loses. Recent opinion polls, among them the above mentioned one by Afrobarometer, have given the incumbent, President Yoweri Museveni, and the NRM a clear lead over their competitors. But the opposition has rejected such statistics claiming they have been influenced by the ruling party to prepare the public for what they argue will be a rigged victory for Museveni. The political opposition, led by the Inter-Party Cooperation (IPC), a loose coalition of four political parties, is complaining about a generally uneven playing field and about the conduct of the electoral exercise. They argue that the Electoral Commission as the body presiding over the election exercise is not independent. They insist that Yoweri Museveni, both president and candidate, has appointed all commissioners and therefore has some control over the electoral body which the opposition accuses of having allowed rigging of previous elections in his favour. Moreover, the voters’ register and several polling procedures have been contested by the opposition.
In the scenario that President Museveni again emerges victor of the polls there is the possibility that the opposition – citing irregularities in the exercise – will not accept the election outcome. It is hard to predict what course of action the opposition will take in that case. The IPC presidential candidate, Dr. Kizza Besigye who has twice lost to President Museveni under controversial conditions and with election disputes in both instances being taken to the Supreme Court has indicated that he will not again take his contest of election results to the judicial courts. Dr. Besigye and the opposition are generally unsatisfied that the court has twice not reached a majority to annul Museveni’s election even when malpractices in the process had been proved – but were classified as “not substantial” after the 2006 elections. Thus, the opposition now says that they will take election disputes to the “court of public opinion” which the police interpret as an indication of attempts to mobilise for violence.
Besides a general possibility of violence emerging from the election results, Uganda like many of her African counterparts has several underlying socioeconomic challenges. These make the population to some degree susceptible to violence. The challenges include controversial land ownership, unemployment particularly among the urban youth and an increasingly rigorous dispute over the position of traditional leaders in the republic. Tensions between Buganda, the largest traditional kingdom, in 2009 resulted in demonstrations in which over 20 people lost their lives and in the consequence of which several media houses were closed. The recently passed so-called Kings Bill has contributed to fresh and fierce discussions about the role, the rights and the limitations of traditional leaders in society.
The wave of civil protests and masses-led uprisings that has swept through Africa since recently has implications also for Uganda. Kenya, an immediate neighbour within the East African Community and Zimbabwe were both locations of deadly election violence in 2007 and 2006 respectively. Similarly, both the authorities and the politically active public in Uganda are aware of the prevailing stalemate in Ivory Coast and the uprisings in Tunisia and Egypt. These protests show that civil protest can be possible where it was thought to be impossible, sometimes with positive outcomes, and sometimes with a high price to be paid. These recent developments may influence the resolve of some of the opposition actors also in Uganda to consider engaging in some form of demonstration, and already the developments are being captured occasionally within the rhetoric of prominent politicians. If, however, the current northern African cases – despite being discussed in all Ugandan political circles – indeed present a realistic scenario for Uganda is to be doubted, considering the significant differences regarding the general background. On the other hand, the circumstances as they were found during and after the election phases in Zimbabwe, Kenya or still in Ivory Coast present warning examples for Uganda as well.
The subject of containing election violence has been high within the political rhetoric on the part on the government. President Museveni himself has spoken out about government’s readiness and preparedness to deal with cases of electoral violence. Running for a fourth term as elected president of Uganda he was recently quoted in the local press to have said: “Whoever attempts (election violence) will do so at his or her own risk". Related comments have been made by the police and the army.
Article 212 of the constitution assigns the Uganda Police Force to among others protect life and property, preserve law and order and to prevent and detect crime. These constitutional provisions encompass the mandate to take responsibility of keeping the peace during the elections. Based on the assessment of the prevailing environment the police have been undergoing intense preparations ahead of the polls. Mr. Richard Bisherurwa, head of recruitment and training in the force, confirms that 5.000 probation police constables and 500 police cadets have been recruited. The police in addition are recruiting large numbers of local citizens as what has been termed “crime preventers” at village level. According to police sources, the crime preventers will be associated to the police and shall assist the force in detecting and reporting crime and in designing mechanisms for preventing crime in their communities. In addition, the police recently held a much observed show of high-tech anti-riot equipment in a demonstration of anticipatory preparedness to handle election violence.
The national army, the Uganda People’s Defence Forces, through its top commanders has regularly indicated it shall intervene if and where there is election violence. Army Spokesman Lt. Col. Felix Kulaigye confirmed this position, although not confirming at what stage the army would intervene. He, however, mentioned that the army understands and respects the function and mandate of the police and would only play a supportive role.
The View of the Competing Sides
Although a consensus on the need for security guarantees seems to exist, there are contradictory perspectives between supporters of the ruling NRM and the opposition parties with regard to the security preparedness. In an interview for purposes of this article, the spokesperson for the NRM party, Hon. Mary Karoro, while generally being reserved to comment on the subject, noted that the opposition – meaning mainly the Forum for Democratic Change – could attempt to cause violence as according to her they have a history of not accepting election results which are not in their favour.
On the other hand, the opposition parties have expressed concern on what they termed “so-called security preparedness”. Mrs. Magaret Wakuri, Spokesperson of the IPC, in an interview for this paper doubted the context and spirit in which the current preparations are being made, while generally acknowledging that it is essential for the citizens to be guaranteed of their security. Of concern are occasional reports in the local press of senior military officers threatening to “crush people”. Mrs. Wakuri suggested that some planned security measures are inconsistent with election guidelines, for example ordering voters to return home immediately after having finished casting their vote although the electoral laws allow people to stay around the polling station as long as they keep 20 metres away from the polling area. The opposition concludes that the supposed security measures present a “fear factor” intended to prevent opposition supporters from turning up for the polls or protecting their vote from being manipulated.
If the security preparedness is to be taken in principal as necessary, some fundamental issues still emerge. There is a general concern that a strong security presence can either deliberately or by default bar citizens from expressing dissatisfaction even if that is happening through legally acceptable means (such as peaceful demonstration) and over legitimate concerns (e.g. if the elections were manipulated). In the past, the police have been accused of using excessive force in attempting to disperse demonstrators, for example by firing live ammunition. In the case that demonstrations related to the election results take place – whether authorised or not - it remains to be seen if the security agencies will exercise adequate restraint in the event they have to deal with civilian violence. The government on the one hand legitimately has to provide the police with appropriate means of crowd control with differentiated steps of escalation. On the other hand, the lines between legitimate crowd control and lifting the security forces into a position where they take sides for one political actor and are part of voter intimidation procedures are easily blurred. Mr. Asan Kasingye of the Uganda Police Force, however, promises that the peoples’ right to demonstrate shall be protected. The same assurance is given by Lt. Col. Felix Kulaigye of UPDF. The opposition side, however, doubts that such promises are genuine, claiming that Uganda’s security agencies are partisan in favour of the ruling NRM. | <urn:uuid:9955544f-9aba-4866-9a07-cb797f216d33> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kas.de/en/web/uganda/laenderberichte/detail/-/content/guarding-the-guardians | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.968612 | 2,494 | 1.765625 | 2 |
As you are reading this, your brain (specifically your parietal lobe) is processing each word and sentence and instantly recognizes and understands it. Reading is something we do and don’t even think about it (no pun intended). Every action begins with nerves sending signals to different parts of our brains. Whether it be deciding what class we want to take or how we respond to an injury, it all begins with a thought. And just like our smartphones, our brains have multiple functions. Due to the different responsibilities our brain has for different functions, general patterns of dysfunction may occur depending on the side of the brain sustaining an injury. Whether you have an injury in your temporal lobe which can lead to difficulty with communication or memory or an injury to the frontal lobes, which may affect an inpidual’s ability to control emotions, impulses, and behavior.
A traumatic brain injury (TBI) is defined as an alteration in brain function, or other evidence of brain pathology, caused by an external force. Traumatic impact injuries can be defined as closed (or non-penetrating) or open (penetrating).
A non-traumatic brain injury is an alteration in brain function or pathology caused by an internal force.
examples of TBI and non TBI
Depending on the severity of a TBI side effects can vary for different parts of the brain:
Frontal – lack of focus, irritability, laguage difficulty
Parietal – difficulty with reading, spatial misperception
Occipital – bling spots, blurred vision
Temporal – difficulty with short term and long term memory
Cerebellum – difficulty walking, slurred speech
Brain stem – changes in breath, difficulty swallowing
One of the most common TBI’s that can occur are concussions which can occur from a a blow to the head that can result in a temporary loss of normal brain function. But not all hope is lost, at NJ Spine and Wellness we can help with treatment and get you back on your feet as you recover! Treatments can include; manual therapy, physical and vestibular rehabiliation, postual re-education, nutrition changes and so much more.
The NJSW concussion team always closely monitors concussion cases even after the patient is discharged. Call today to schedule your treatment today!
– Shruti S. | <urn:uuid:18e2c9bf-2fd1-4178-a664-f3709589b1de> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://njspineandwellness.com/blog/back-to-basics-traumatic-brain-injuries/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.933652 | 484 | 3.125 | 3 |
Educational Technology Student at Loyola Receives Maryland State Education Association's Minority Recognition Award
Eric Hines, M.Ed. ’22, Master’s in Educational Technology student at Loyola University Maryland, received the Maryland State Education Association (MSEA) Minority Recognition Award in the public education category. The award, which was given at the MSEA’s 2021 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Celebration, recognizes an individual who demonstrates evidence of the improvement of education in the State of Maryland.
“Loyola has helped me develop into the type of transformative and compassionate leader that our students need to face the exciting challenges of the new look of education in the future.” Hines is currently a mathematics instructor and basketball coach at Laurel High School in Laurel, Md.
Read more about the award and Hine's impact on education in Maryland. | <urn:uuid:8f6a6c46-bd0a-48f0-9ac3-21abb585c280> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sc.loyola.edu/school-education/blog/2021/loyola-student-receives-msea-award | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.935984 | 182 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Flooding is a growing concern in our region. As we learn to mitigate and adapt to these events, it is imperative that we enact an efficient method for increasing resiliency. In rebuilding flood damaged structures, many municipalities find that they lose their sense of local character or individual identity. Historic structures represent local history, often providing this sense of community character. When these structures are damaged during floods, they are often rebuilt by gaining variances and avoiding elevation to standards. The struggle with reconstructing by variance is that though the structure’s architectural value is maintained, elevation is not implemented and the structure is not fully protected from future flood events. This often results in increased loss and greater investment over time.
It is also important to note, as one of the primary economic drivers in our area, tourism relies heavily on heritage sites. Structures that continue to flood without appropriate resiliency measures in place may lose their original architectural value in which heritage tourism thrives. It is imperative to protect our historic structures and provide municipalities with the proper tools to guide owners in the right direction.
The goal of this project is to provide municipalities with the guidelines and designs that will allow owners to elevate structures while maintaining their historic value. The structure’s historic value is then restored, and the owners may avoid future flood risks. Individuals will experience long-term financial benefits by minimizing future risk, the local tourism industry can thrive from providing continuous heritage experiences, and key stakeholders can work together to unceasingly protect public water sources from excessive runoff and contamination.
A variety of disasters effect the local economy, impacting businesses and residents along the way. For the Southern Tier Central Region, this impacts tourism on the Finger Lakes and historic downtowns in need of revitalization.
Many of the region’s downtown areas include local-, state- or federally-recognized historic structures. According to the Insurance Institute for Business & Home Safety, at least 25 percent of businesses affected by disasters such as floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, wildfires and building fires do not reopen. Those that do, often struggle to stay in business for a variety of reasons.
Non-floodproofed buildings and structures are more likely to flood in future events than those that are elevated or otherwise floodproofed. Not only is this costly for building or homeowners, but many may choose to leave the property rather than rebuild altogether. This leads to abandonment of entire downtowns as well we individual structures.
For those who choose to rebuild, and rebuild at an elevation, insurance premiums decrease as well as the likelihood of flooding in future events (Figure 1). Historic structures, however, may apply for variances. This requires the purchase of a higher premium while waiving the requirement to elevate the structure. In these cases, the variance results in a higher cost of insurance with the same probability of future flooding.
Though many choose to abandon the property altogether, variances often provide for a more costly alternative to floodproofing. The LWRP project for “Design Guidelines for Vulnerable Historic Structures” will provide communities with an in-depth look at floodproofing while preserving the character of buildings. Examples from the Southern Tier Central Region will be provided while keeping the document open for application throughout New York State.
“The guideline is designed to inform the implementation of flood mitigation techniques, list potential solutions that communities could pursue to protect historic buildings.”
All workshops were held virtually with members from each of the participating communities attending meetings on different dates. The sessions were run by the Cornell students through Design Connect and supported by Southern Tier Central Regional Planning & Development Board Staff. The purpose of these community workshops was to get feedback so that the guidelines being produced are useful for the community. During these sessions the students introduced ideas for the guidelines and shared information on flood mitigation techniques and the members of the community gave feedback.
Below is a video recording of one of the Community Workshops. | <urn:uuid:cbc5db05-ee45-43ba-b023-dad263a39e29> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stcplanning.org/tyoga-container-application-form/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.951202 | 797 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Your dog is your best friend. And though you want to spend every minute of the day with them, work and life’s schedule can make that impossible. While some dogs are perfectly happy being on their own for a few hours in the day, many are not, and long hours alone are never okay. Being alone can cause dogs anxiety or boredom, which can lead to an unhappy pooch and/or bad behaviour, including possible destruction of your home. Dogs are social creatures and sending them to dog daycare can keep them happy and exercised when you can’t be there with them.
On that note, how do you find a dog daycare that is a good fit for your dog? Here are some tips for finding a great dog daycare:
They Take the Time to Get to Know Your Dog
A good daycare will take the time to answer all your questions and address all your concerns before the first visit. They will also want to know as much about your dog’s habits and needs as are pertinent to their care and happiness. Most great dog daycares will have an introduction socialization trial process that allows them (and your dog) to assess whether or not their daycare and current doggy members are a good fit for your furry loved one.
They Have a Full Staff
One of the hallmarks of a great daycare is that they have enough staff to keep an eye on play and intervene when needed. You aren’t there to make sure your pup is having fun, so you want someone else is in your place making sure that everyone is having a good time. Great staff will also notice if your pup is off, and they will suggest medical care or get them to medical care in an emergency.
The Daycare is Clean and Hazard Free
A great daycare will give you a tour of the facility so that you can see where your pup will be playing. While it might smell like dogs there, it shouldn’t smell like a toilet or strong chemicals. Also, look for any choking hazards or setups such as cramped spaces that might result in injury. There should be plenty of space for the dogs to play so they’re not crammed in. There should also be separate spaces for different types of dogs to maximize their fun (i.e. small dog/big dog separate spaces). An awesome daycare will also divide dogs by temperament.
They’re Strict About Vaccinations
You don’t want your dog to come home with a terrible preventable illness, so make sure that the daycare that you send your dog to has a solid policy around vaccinations. They should request proof of vaccination documentation from you, or at the very least call your vet clinic. If they don’t do that for your dog, chances are they aren’t for the dogs that your pet will be playing with.
For more tips on finding a great dog daycare, or to check out one that services Vancouver or Squamish, call us at Ruff Stuff Dog Services. At the end of the day, sending home tired, happy dogs is our goal.
Categorised in: Dog Daycare
This post was written by Ruff Stuff Dog Services | <urn:uuid:5548a349-7d0a-4cd2-b5b0-8091e94ba784> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ruffstuff.ca/tips-for-finding-a-great-dog-daycare/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.958393 | 657 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Building a World-class faculty requires that the institution hire the best faculty that it can, grow the knowledge, skills and effectiveness of existing faculty, retain the best and eliminate poor performers who are unwilling to grow. By studying this article and its linked resources,
Peer-Reviewed Paper Published: Creating Congruence Between the Faculty Role and Institutional Expectations, Recognitions and Rewards
Institutional harmony and efficiency can be greatly enhanced by ensuring that institutional expectations of faculty (as defined by the faculty body) are overtly shared and clearly defined. They should also align with institutional reward (promotion, tenure and merit) and recognition systems (awards etc.).
The New One Minute Manager (Click for more information and to purchase from Amazon)
A new edition based on the timeless business classic—updated to help today’s readers succeed more quickly in a rapidly changing world.
Peer-Reviewed Paper Published: Developing Equitable and Effective Faculty Teaching, Advising, Service and Research Workload Policy and Practices
The largest single expense at a university is faculty salaries. It is the responsibility of the administration to ensure that faculty human resources are managed well from fiscal, resource optimization, and faculty morale perspectives. To achieve this requires a clear definition,
Policy for allocating, managing approval of, and compensation for faculty course overloads. | <urn:uuid:07aca726-a3fc-464a-861f-cf572ca96eaf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hellocommunity.net/tag/human-resources/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.926619 | 285 | 1.6875 | 2 |
This is actually one of the most common things that people find with their digital signage and it is one of the easiest things to resolve. The following are the most common causes of a “black” screen.
- Make sure your display is on. It sounds silly, but it happens. Push the power button on the display or the remote and make sure the display is actually powered on. Also make sure that the computer running your SmarterSign Player software is powered on.
- Make sure your display is set to show the correct input. Many displays can show a variety of inputs (TV, HDMI, VGA etc…). Usually there is a button on the remote or display that says “input” or “source”. Click on this button and make sure that the input is set to the source coming from your computer (probably HDMI or PC/VGA).
- Make sure you have content scheduled. You can do this directly in SmarterSign Manager on the SCHEDULE tab. If you have no content schedule your screen should have a message that says this, but it is a good idea to check this anyway.
- In very rare cases, the cable that connects your computer and display can become defective. This should be the last thing you need to check. | <urn:uuid:36701530-c5a0-4686-90e6-50128c67d420> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.smartersign.com/support/what-do-i-do-if-my-screen-is-black/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.926913 | 264 | 1.6875 | 2 |
How Conveyor Designs Support Line Production Workers
Increased manufacturing output will always be the common demand across varied manufacturing sectors. As line production worker shortages skyrocket in North America (and particularly in the US), conveyor designs that maximize workforce efficiency become vital. This has made the indexing conveyor and modular belt conveyor indispensable to meeting manufacturing throughput demands.
As this need for line workers has increased, so has the need for conveyor systems that can accommodate automation and support the sorting and inspection needs of these workers. This has led to more manufacturers implementing newer conveyor systems in their production and warehousing facilities. The global market for Conveyor Systems reflects that growth with project conveyor sales of US$65.1 Billion by 2026. That’s according to a Global Industry Analysts Report.
Market, mass production, and just-in-time supply chain needs continue to converge, making efficiency crucial to production flows. They often address this through a combination of automation and these newer conveyor systems and components. This allows manufacturers to meet workforce scalability needs based on these market and supply chain factors.
The adaptability of the modular belt conveyor has proven to its ability to support efficiency and throughput in manufacturing sectors. These sectors include food and beverage, electronic and industrial parts, pharmaceuticals, medical supplies and many more. Al these sectors share a need to sort, count and batch items of small or varied sizes for order production and fulfilment.
Modular and indexing conveyors can accommodate these needs along with manufacturing footprint limitations. These conveyors play a big part in lean manufacturing methodologies where space, process and low waste efficiency are paramount.
The indexing conveyor is moves products in a series of steps rather than a continuous flow. This is common across all the manufacturing sectors mentioned in this blog. These manufacturers need time to allow other equipment and/or automation to fulfill a process function. That can include things like filling, dosing, lidding, labeling and more. The design of the indexing conveyor affects the speed at which they can complete the processes.
Automated production plays a big part in cost reduction, fluctuating workforce availability, and throughput. This requires production and warehouse facilities to work with highly experienced conveyor manufacturers to implement customized conveyor designs. The goal is to incorporate the eventual automation, workforce, process, and production flow needs into initial designs. This enables them to amortize and absorb upfront Capex spends through higher production and lower production costs.
The development of new types of conveyors for use in conveyor systems is also aimed at simplifying the operations in various industries. More companies are using the modular belt conveyor to meet production line workforce needs for higher throughput, efficiency, and worker safety.
Many manufacturing environments that are implementing automation and smart factory technologies must also implement low profile conveyors to accommodate cobots that pair line workers with robotics to complete production tasks. Low profile and indexing conveyor versatility make them partial answers to complex production and assembly line challenges in modern manufacturing.
Manufacturing and market needs will always change in unpredictable ways, that impact conveyor needs in different ways. The pandemic is the most recent example of the changing needs for conveyor handling. Therefore, the ideal conveyor manufacturer is always designing for long-term agility and flexibility.
Production, manufacturing, and warehousing/fulfillment facilities need their conveyor system investments to respond to those changes over a longer lifecycle. The ideal conveyor manufacturer fully collaborates with their production facility/factory partners on flexible designs. This approach ensures that the factory can better meet future production/market landscape needs while accommodating their present needs.
To learn how Conovey can partner with you to deliver conveyor systems that can meet today and tomorrow’s supply chain/product needs, visit our QC Conveyors Page.
Share on social media: | <urn:uuid:d0c46432-baad-4925-9a6b-ef3be50f08d9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.macraesbluebook.com/how-conveyor-designs-support-line-production-workers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.938939 | 787 | 2.109375 | 2 |
A remarkable new material that has shown promise in a variety of applications, ranging from lightning strike protection and electromagnetic-interference shielding to the design of next-generation aircraft and computer displays, is bringing international attention to its Florida State University developers.
Researchers with FSU’s High-Performance Materials Institute recently were recognized for their work with engineered carbon nanotube and nanofiber buckypapers, which were named one of the most innovative nanotechnologies of 2007 by the editors of R&D Magazine and the Micro/Nano Newsletter.
“We present the 25 best micro- and nanotechnologies of the year,” the publications stated in introducing the award recipients. “These products, processes and innovations are groundbreaking technologies that are likely to have a large impact on their specific industries and society.”
“Many organizations are doing some outstanding work in nanotechnology,” said Ben Wang, research director of the High-Performance Materials Institute and a professor of industrial and manufacturing engineering at the Florida A&M University-Florida State University College of Engineering. “We are honored to have our research recognized among the top 25 in this revolutionary field.”
Already, the technology is being evaluated for existing and new products. Leading companies such as Lockheed Martin and Boeing are considering using buckypapers in aircraft structures.
Wang envisions other commercial applications for the technology in the near future.
“Carbon nanotube and nanofiber buckypapers soon will provide lightweight thermal conductivity to dissipate heat in laptop computers,” he said. “They also will provide electromagnetic-interference shielding in computers and aircraft; offer lightning-strike protection in composite structures such as aircraft or large windmill blades; enhance the strength of composite structures; and be used for embedding sensors in composite materials.”
Farther down the road, Wang foresees applications such as using buckypaper in producing morphing structures and in providing backlight sources for laptops.
Buckypaper is made from carbon nanotubes—amazingly strong fibers about 1/50,000th the diameter of a human hair that were first developed in the early 1990s. It owes its name to Buckminsterfullerene, or Carbon 60—a type of carbon molecule whose powerful atomic bonds make it twice as hard as a diamond. Sir Harold Kroto, now the Francis Eppes Professor of Chemistry at FSU, and two colleagues shared the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their discovery of Buckminsterfullerene, whose molecules were nicknamed “buckyballs” for their spherical shape. Their discovery has led to a revolution in the fields of chemistry and materials science–and directly contributed to the development of buckypaper.
In describing FSU’s entry, the Micro/Nano awards stated that “these materials are macroscopic or continuous thin films or membranes comprised of randomly oriented and magnetically aligned CNTs (carbon nanotubes) and nanofibers. These buckypapers combine the advantages of large dimensions, superior electronic conductivity, nanotube alignment, and continuous production.” | <urn:uuid:8feff6ee-9d5b-4faa-af0a-aa61bb827c47> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.fsu.edu/news/science-technology/2007/08/27/fsus-buckypaper-research-recognized-nanotechnology-award/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.936229 | 648 | 2.828125 | 3 |
The purpose of this assignment is to evaluate and analyze the ethical behavior as shown in events surrounding a crisis or situation that a company has experienced. Handling an ethical situation can have an impact on your finances, marketing credibility, and customer loyalty.
Complete the following:
Identify the key issues facing the company and the incidents that led to the ethical issue.
Explore actions that the company and its representatives failed to do to prevent the situation.
Describe which of the 12 ethical questions posed by Laura Nash illustrate the ethical shortcoming. https://hbr.org/1981/11/ethics-without-the-sermon
Recommend what the company should have done to prevent the situation, and provides guidelines for future ethical behavior.
Analyze how the company regained public trust and credibility after the ethical incident?
Cite at least three research sources for this paper with APA formatting. Your paper should be no less than 800 words in length. | <urn:uuid:4b1dad65-c8b5-42c9-ad9d-8507c94fe73a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nursingwritinghelp.org/analysis-paper-1-term-paper-tutors/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.938501 | 195 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Inch”New nerves tend to be constantly created throughout specific areas in the grown-up mind. Reports throughout rats have indicated that adult-born neurons have see more certain functional functions as well as mediate nerve organs plasticity. Info on the degree along with mechanics regarding grown-up neurogenesis within mature individuals start for you to arise, and there are crystal clear resemblances as well as variances in comparison with other animals. How come these kinds of distinctions come up? As well as what do they imply?Inches”The analysis associated with solitary demo replies involving industry potentials is a vital tool to analyze human brain signs. Single demo looks at definitely present more details that is certainly obscured or just out of stock from the average replies The importance of researching single demo responses will be tough because distinct human brain processes are generally associated with trial-by-trial variation from the replies. Below, we review key scientific studies employing single trial examines involving area potentials utilizing approaches like one tryout latency, plethora and also strength alterations, spike and also LFP interactions, connections involving regions, combination mTOR inhibitor frequency direction, deciphering of the shown stimulating elements that carry gentle in the neural foundation understanding, studying and also memory.Inch”A method is offered for the high-throughput (HT) output of lyotropic liquefied crystalline phases via collections regarding lipids along with lipid mixtures utilizing regular fluid shelling out robotics, utilizing techniques that bypass the issues usually linked to managing the very viscous cubic phase. Furthermore, to be able to structurally define lipidic phases and assess functionality for tissue layer meats comprised inside cubic periods, in the HT manner, is demonstrated. Particularly tend to be combined and also exemplified using the putting on membrane layer protein crystallization within lipidic cubic stages.Inch”Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) employ magnetosomes, membrane-bound deposits of magnetite or perhaps greigite, pertaining to navigation coupled geomagnetic fields. Throughout Magnetospirillum magneticum sp. AMB-1, and also other Bike, a magnetosome gene island (MAI) is essential for each action regarding magnetosome formation. A great 8-gene location with the MAI encodes many components implicated in command of gem measurement and morphology over the innate along with proteomic studies. We all show these 4 elements enjoy a minor part within magnetite biomineralization within vivo. In comparison, MmsF, a previously uncharacterized magnetosome membrane protein protected within the same area performs the dominating position in GSK2879552 understanding gem dimension as well as morphology and is also adequate with regard to repairing magnetite combination in the absence of another major biomineralization individuals. Additionally, many of us show the actual 18 genetics of the mamAB gene cluster with the MAI are adequate for that creation of your immature magnetosome organelle. Addition of MmsF to the telltale 16 family genes creates a substantial development involving magnetite biomineralization plus an surge in the cellular permanent magnetic result. | <urn:uuid:0982d0d5-fe91-4db4-a207-ad4a97746110> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://micrornainhibitor.com/in-new-neurons-are-generally-constantly-made-within-specific-re | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.918571 | 630 | 2.046875 | 2 |
The researchers said an early warning system using photonics could be an alternative to pesticides in dealing with pests, which destroy an estimated 40pc of global crops every year.
Researchers from two UK universities aim to develop technology using light to monitor crop health and prevent pest infestations.
Aston University is collaborating with Harper Adams University on the new photonics project, which is the science and technology of light. Photonics is already utilised in many areas such as manufacturing, medical devices, telecoms and security.
Pests and diseases cause a massive impact on global crop production. It is estimated that 40pc of global crops are lost every year to these issues, according to the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations.
This organisation said plant diseases cost the global economy more than $220bn a year, while invasive insects cost at least $70bn.
Crops are usually treated with pesticides to help this issue, but there’s growing pressure to find alternatives due to the environmental impact these can cause.
A photonic nose
One alternative to pesticides is to create an early warning system with the use of integrated pest management. This method involves monitoring plants for the build-up of insects and diseases.
Prof David Webb of the Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies said pest and plant disease monitoring technology can significantly cut crop losses. However, there are issues with current models.
“Most electronic noses use electrochemical sensors, which suffer from sensitivity issues, sensor drift/aging effects and lack specificity,” Webb said.
The new project will use developments in photonics that can analyse low levels of volatile organic compounds emitted by plants, which indicate their health. The researchers said this will be combined with machine learning hardware.
The research project will be testing the technology using strawberries, which are worth £350m to the UK economy but are vulnerable to potato aphids, which can wipe out an annual harvest if left unchecked.
The 12-month project is set to receive £200,000 from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council and the Natural Environment Research Council.
Dr Joe Roberts from Harper Adams University said there is a growing pressure on the agricultural sector to achieve higher crop yields, due to the expanding global population.
“Reducing crop losses within existing production systems will improve food security without increasing resource use,” Roberts said.
10 things you need to know direct to your inbox every weekday. Sign up for the Daily Brief, Silicon Republic’s digest of essential sci-tech news.
Source by www.siliconrepublic.com | <urn:uuid:f7190f34-064d-4d2f-bdd7-cd6c0bf45dda> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://geekyinsider.com/2022/08/uk-researchers-making-photonic-nose-to-monitor-crops-for-pests/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.927166 | 523 | 3.15625 | 3 |
It was long predicted that a pandemic like Covid-19 would take place sooner or later. Now it appears highly likely that the deployment of a range of new and disruptive technologies could sweep the world, potentially doing irreversible damage to our planet, even when their promoters claim they will do the opposite. To meet this challenge, we need to understand not just the science, but also the imagined futures that underpin them. Such an analysis is vital to regaining control over vital decisions about technology’s role in our future.
Asia Pacific disruptive technologies
The most technologically advanced countries in Asia-Pacific, in particular in East Asia, have all embraced a range of “disruptive” technologies as core components of their development agenda. Governments have published their visions to re-make overcrowded urban areas as “smart cities”. ”Smart agriculture” would use drones to produce food for growing populations, solving the demographic challenge of ageing human farmers. Digital technologies gained cult-like followings among governments in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, inspired by countries like South Korea, which embraced them in the so-called new normal of social distancing and mobility restrictions. Many smaller economies and least developed countries in the region hold the ambition of pole-vaulting over the digital divide by aiming for 5G internet connectivity.
China’s ambitious Belt and Road Initiative is explicitly centred around new technologies, and forms part of a development agenda that is the most openly expansionist of any in Asia. Its component Digital Silk Road brings under one umbrella new and emerging digital-based technologies that could potentially cause disruption across every sector and every aspect of life in countries that partner with China. Its space-based, remote-sensing Digital Belt and Road Program could have implications beyond the borders of its partners. Giant Chinese technology companies, working closely with their government, have developed and commercialised these technologies. Now they are expanding their business interests through relentless acquisition of promising start-up and small companies in the North and in emerging economies in the South.
Within weeks of the Covid-19 pandemic, the Asia-Pacific region’s relationship to industrial technology had been transformed. Tech companies have achieved dominance in key sectors of the economy that might have otherwise taken years or never taken place. Yet, despite the rhetoric that “no-one is safe until everyone is safe”, the delivery of Covid-19 vaccines to the majority world has been subject to globalised racial capitalism. In practice this means rich nations and their pharmaceutical giants have left people in many parts of Asia-Pacific priced out of the market and at the back of the queue.
5 visions underpinning public understanding of tech
The way societies think about the future is underlain by imaginative visions – or myths. Gandhi’s call for swaraj (home-rule) for independent India was tied to his vision for low-tech self-sufficiency as an alternative to the industrialised systems of production that had been imposed by India’s British rulers. After the country won independence, Nehru replaced swaraj with his vision of progress through “modern” science. By focussing on large-scale engineering projects, such as mega-dams, and the high-input plant varieties of the Green Revolution, his government and its successors helped contribute to the myth that Western-style industrialisation was the only route to human development. Now a coalition of technologists and corporations imagine a eco-modern future for Asia-Pacific. There is increasing evidence that such schemes are underpinned by the same exploitative relationship between industrial machines, humans and nature that underpinned European imperialism.
During the nineteenth century, the use of mechanical metaphors to describe the living world hardened into a programme for technological advancement that we now call scientism. This is the extreme view that physical science is the only reliable source of knowledge and that the applications of technologies based on these understandings are the only reliable route to human progress.
According to scientism, converting hand-weaving looms into vast factories and transforming self-sufficient farmers into drivers of tractors is a pre-requisite for human development. As this industrial revolution took place, powerful colonial states and the companies that served them, gained control over the majority of the world’s natural and human resources, at a disastrous cost for people and the environment. Far from bringing development, these changes forced skilled artisans, peasant farmers and other labourers to carry out mindless machine-tending tasks, pushing communities into social and ecological crisis.
The minority elite who drove this vision forward were able to ignore the harm caused to the majority of workers (particularly women and children) and the natural world (in the form of pollution and biodiversity destruction) – because they had the wealth to cut themselves off from its impacts.
Side-stepping the historical fact of the long-term harms caused by previous industrial revolutions, these same elites are now proposing a tsunami of new technologies for the Asia-Pacific region to solve many of the problems that scientism created in the first place. These include digitalisation, (the collection and processing data on human behaviour, agricultural and fishing practices and, genomes ecosystems), synthetic biology (the design of living organisms and processes from gene sequences) and geoengineering (the intentional, large-scale technological manipulation of the Earth’s systems).
Recently, the term ecomodernism has been coined in support of adopting these new high-tech approaches. Best understood as eco-scientism (the application of scientism to environmental issues), its adherents believe that the application of these disruptive industrial technologies will enable humanity to bypass what had been thought to be ecological constraints, thereby solving crises like climate change and biodiversity loss.
Imaginative visions drawing on eco-scientism can be detected in a range of slogans that have emerged in support of the dominant technological agenda in the first two decades of the 21st century and that are influencing biodiversity policy at the global, regional and national levels. Their proponents foresee a sophisticated set of approaches, each underpinned by the current structures of global racial capitalism that will, they claim, protect the environment in the face of population pressures, while ensuring economic growth and promoting the long-term welfare of humanity.
2. Growth narratives
Three economic terms – bioeconomy, blue economy and circular economy – have become widely used in the Asia-Pacific region to justify the introduction of new technologies. All are built on the same central myth of unlimited economic growth as that that which underpins eco-scientism.
Bioeconomy involves the transformation of living biological materials, and processes in order to increase economic growth. It imagines the deployment of new technologies such as synthetic biology and nanotechnology in order to turn biomass into high value compounds, including sources of energy. Bioeconomy is also used to refer to the application of genetic engineering to agriculture, aquaculture and forestry, and the financialisation and trading of ecosystem services, such as those provided by the carbon, nitrogen and water cycles. Each can then be monetised by being technologically harnessed through digital financial platforms. This vision has been embraced by countries like Malaysia, in its national policy on biodiversity and trade, and promoted by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as part of its regional agenda.
Blue economy is defined by the World Bank as “sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth, while preserving the health of marine and coastal ecosystem. It encompasses technologies, economic arrangements and systems of production that maximize the value of marine [including genetic] resources.” The agenda is based on the premise that marine and coastal resources present vast untapped resources that could benefit island nations. Pacific countries have pinned their hope of achieving many of the UN Sustainable Development Goals on their 2018 adoption of the World Bank’s Blue Economy Development Framework.
Circular economy describes a system in which resource input and waste, emission, and energy leakage are minimised by slowing, closing and narrowing material and energy loops. Its backers focus on long-lasting design, maintenance, repair, reuse, remanufacturing, refurbishing, and recycling and prioritise technologies that recapture and transform wastes into economically-valuable feedstocks. The circular vision is being promoted in the business sector by the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific.
All three economic strategies imply more efficient use of resources, without questioning the system of economic growth that underpins them. Just as more efficient coal plants can lead to lower coal prices, prompting higher use of coal, more efficient use of materials that “close the loop” on the waste produced by their manufacture would be likely to make products cheaper and therefore stimulate demand. Even if it can be deployed in an advanced form, recovery of energy and pollutants can never be 100% and so environmental benefits would be offset by ever-greater economic growth.
3. Digitalisation narratives
Calling something digital has become synonymous with advancement: agriculture becomes digital farming; paper money is overtaken by digital currencies and relationships of trust between humans are replaced by digital contracts. The core element of all digital technologies that are sweeping across the Asia-Pacific region, threatening the environment and biodiversity, is the use of machine learning.
Machine learning is the process whereby algorithms, written into computer code, help machines detect patterns in large sets of data collected via digital devices. These patterns enable predictions to be made, which is meant to inform better decisions. But using the term “artificial intelligence” (or AI), as a shorthand for this type of learning is misleading for two reasons. First, “intelligence” often refers to nothing other than a process that optimises a particular variable. Second, the term AI obscures who is likely to benefit from its deployment. By obscuring these issues, digitalisation initiatives risk becoming yet another application of scientism, with the machine processing of large sets of data replacing sound human judgement. Following the simplistic logic of its proponents – if it can be counted, digitise it; if you can’t digitise it, it isn’t worth knowing.
Living processes are increasingly being reimagined as data, which is then extracted and processed as a commodity. This system of data extraction has been described as data colonialism since it shares similarities to processes of resource extraction from the first era of European colonialism. Corporations deploy algorithms to enable them to design machines to undertake the tasks that were previously carried out by people. In this scenario, not only do workers lose their skills, autonomy, livelihoods and identity in society, but the very biodiversity on which ecosystems depend are turned into data for monetisation by corporations. All forms of knowledge that can’t be digitised, along with the understandings about the world embedded within them, are lost.
Financial tech (fintech) is the application of digital technologies to the finance sector and monetary policy. It encompasses the growth in digital payments and computerised management of markets and the development of novel digital currencies, such as cryptocurrencies. Increasingly they are mediated through encrypted online digital ledgers (blockchains). China and India have the highest rate in consumer adoption of fintech globally. Over a third of the world’s 100 leading fintech companies are from Asia. Slogans associated with fintech, such as “smart contracts”, hide both their high energy use, and hence environmental cost of the blockchains they require and the fact that they appear to hand control over resources to unaccountable corporations, removing the possibility of scrutiny by the rest of us and the governments who are meant to be accountable to us.
4. “Improving” nature
Imaginative visions relating to nature have become perhaps the most controversial of all development narratives. In the early 2010s, influential proponents of high-tech “natural” solutions began attaching words such as “smart”, “precision” and “digital” to human interactions with nature, such as farming, fisheries, forestry and agriculture.
Both the World Bank and the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) popularised the slogan nature-based solutions (NBS). The Bank first defined it as, “actions to protect, sustainably manage, and restore natural or modified ecosystems that address societal challenges effectively and adaptively, simultaneously providing human well-being and biodiversity benefits.” It has now been adopted as a cross-cutting theme for many UN calls for action.
The vagueness of NBS has allowed corporate interests, including the fossil fuel industry, to justify technological solutions that they claim will mimic natural processes to fix both the climate and biodiversity crises. The forms of NBS they advocate not only fail to address the root causes of these crises, but to actively contribute to worsening them. After years of research into schemes for research into bioenergy carbon capture and storage (BECCS) that are supposed to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions through the industrial farming of monoculture plantations, there is still not a single scheme that has succeeded. Despite, or perhaps because of, this vagueness, NBS has even been adopted by the ASEAN in their recent positions on biodiversity and included in policy pronouncements by governments from across the region.
Drawing on the same myths as NBS, Conservation 3.0 has now begun to be used to promote an imaginative vision of conservation practice that relies on high technology interventions, drawing on the imagery of computer software upgrades. This includes big data monitoring, drones, and even re-engineering nature to meet conservation goals using techniques such as synthetic biology and earth systems engineering.
5. Biodigital visions
Shimmering on scientism’s horizon is what its adherents claim would be a nirvana – the merging convergence of the molecular engineering of the living world with processes of machine learning. This imaginative vision sees nanotechnology (engineering at the scale of atoms and molecules, exploiting quantum effects and the self-assembly of nanostructures) merging with technologies derived from understanding and manipulation of genetic systems (such as new biotechnologies, gene editing and synthetic biology) all guided by algorithms developed through machine learning. Advances in quantum and biological computing and molecular communication (nonlinear, non-binary, and combinatorial approaches to computation and communication that harness quantum phenomena and biological molecules instead of electronic components) would enable transient modification of genes, precision breeding, genetic manipulation of populations across whole ecosystems, including the use of spray-on nucleotides. According to this hype the development of mRNA and DNA vaccines for Covid-19 relied on such a biophysical convergence.
Forging the 4IR narrative
Advocates of eco-scientism have now combined all these myths of future progress into a single imaginative vision – “the fourth industrial revolution” (4IR) or “Great Reset”. They see biodigital convergence simultaneously taking place at the nano-genomic scale, as envisaged by synthetic biology, and at a global scale, leading to the complete engineering of the biosphere.
Keeping in mind both the imaginative visions behind technologies and the emerging lessons of the pandemic, the next four articles will distinguish reality from the hype in four areas of disruptive technology – digitalisation, automation, molecular manipulation and ecosystem modification. Our series will be concluded by a last article about the precautionary principle and the urgent need for participatory forms of technology assessment.
This article is part of the research project “Communications and conversations about food, technology and power in a time of crises in Asia”; background research has been supported by Heinrich Böll Stiftung Asia Ltd.
ETC Group is an international research and advocacy collective that addresses socioeconomic and ecological issues relating to science and technology. Its staff are based in offices in the Philippines, Canada, Mexico, India, Argentina and the UK. | <urn:uuid:f8d91b47-e817-4909-a388-b26a533e2e47> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://assess.technology/featured/disruptive-technologies-asia-pacific/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.94468 | 3,246 | 3.0625 | 3 |
Welltec is an international provider of robotic well solutions for the oil and gas industry. Welltec technology is used in all types of onshore and offshore environments including deepwater, subsea and extended reach, high-yield, heavy oil and unconventional gas well programmes. Headquartered in Denmark, the company has more than 45 offices around the world and employs more than 1,000 people.
One of the company’s proprietary technologies is the Welltec® Flow Valve (WFV), a component of Welltec’s Flex-Well® completions concept. The WFV is a full-bore valve that enables the circulation and fluid displacement from the bore to the annulus of the upper completion in an oil well.
A project for a well in an onshore field required a proppant to be pumped through the flow valve which caused severe internal erosion to the sleeve. A coating was required that could overcome this extreme erosion challenge and enable the valve to operate to optimum performance in this harsh environment.
Project economics meant that it was preferable to find a suitable coating solution rather than change the substrate material from AISI 420 Mod stainless steel to an Inconel alloy. Welltec had previously tried HVOF and ceramic coatings but they had both failed, presenting issues of cracking and peeling.
The Welltec engineer working on the project had experience of Hardide-T from a role with another global oilfield service company and was aware that Hardide coatings have consistently lower erosion rates at different impingement angles than other coatings and hard materials including HVOF and cemented carbide.
Under ASTM G76-95 erosion resistance testing, Hardide-T shows seven times lower erosion than HVOF 85WC-10Co-4Cr. In addition, the Hardide chemical vapour deposition (CVD) process means that the coating can be applied to internal surfaces, complex geometries or parts with a small internal diameter that prohibit spray gun application.
A Hardide-T coating with thickness 50 +/-15microns was applied to the internal surface of the 330mm long sleeve. The unique combination of hardness, toughness and compressive stresses make it an ideal and proven solution for components operating in harsh, high-erosion environments.
Hardide-T coated sleeves are now deployed permanently downhole in WFVs in three land wells.
Welltec and Hardide Coatings are now working together on additional applications including the use of Hardide-T as a solution to sulphide stress cracking and stress corrosion in H2S environments. In 2020, Hardide Coatings invested in larger processing equipment including a new CVD reactor that can coat parts up to 1.5m in length. This is of interest to Welltec which is considering using the Hardide coating on larger downhole components. | <urn:uuid:6c0e0efb-7a11-48a8-8e16-28990b701719> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hardide.com/welltec/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.932953 | 589 | 2.015625 | 2 |
"Between the Pipes"
(by: Richard Robert)
Many times, the goaltender is the forgotten player an the ice. Unlike the forwards who have the opportunity to talk with the coaches, the goalkeeper must be self-sufficient, self-motivated, and have the mental preparation in order to succeed. All too often the physical demands of this position are stressed, but it is our belief that goaltending consists of 80% mental ability and 20% physical ability.
Goaltenders underestimate the potential of the mind! Do you think you could make more saves if you knew where a play was going to happen, how it as going to happen, and when it was going to happen? Could you make more saves if you knew what play was going to happen and had the most effective save already in mind?
The most successful goaltenders in ringette will tell you that goaltending is all about using calculated reactions to stop shots and that these "calculated reactions" come from a "mental game" that is being played in the goaltenders mind. This "mental" game is made up of two parts:
1) Identifying a Situation
- possible crease pass
- a breakaway
- a two-on-one
2) Reacting to the Situation (anticipation)- selecting the best choice of saves
* This "mental game" incorporates the following concept:
Good goaltenders move to where the ring is going, GREAT GOALTENDERS ARE ALREADY THERE!
Mental Assets for Goaltenders
It is important for the goaltender to have some, if not all, of the following qualities because the position of goaltender requires a high degree of inner strength and ability.
7. Ability to recognize
1. ATTITUDE- To play well, you must enjoy the game and have fun.
- your attitude and how you treat others will rub off on them.
2. EFFORT- give 100% at all times (games and practices).
- have a good work ethic, lead by example.
- you have to want to do better, challenge yourself!.
3. TEMPERMENT- remain cool/calm/collected at all times.
- let others see a minimum of your emotions.
- NEVER GET DOWN ON YOURSELF.
- remain on target-focused on your goals for that game.
- BE PATIENT! - Let the play come to YOU!
- have faith in your teammates.
- IGNORE THE CROWD.
- NEVER GET MAD!
* patience and keeping your cool will be 2 of your most useful weapons.
4. CONFIDENCE- be confident in your abilities AT ALL TIMES!
- you have the ability, LET IT SHOW!
- people can see confidence, make them believe that they can't score on you!
5. CONCENTRATION- set your goals, focus on what YOU have to do.MORE PRESSURE = MORE CONCENTRATION
- do not lose your concentration - do not watch the crowd. (they are not playing)
6. DETERMINATION- give 100%.
- analyze each play and where you went wrong and RIGHT!
- NEVER GIVE UP!!!!
7. ABILITY TO RECOGNIZE SITUATIONS- develop a feeling of when a shot will occur.
- look around your crease for attackers so that you know where everyone is. => NO
- KNOW WHAT COULD HAPPEN, you will then know what you have to do.
8. SPORTSMANSHIP- enjoy the game.* HAVE FUN, ALWAYS!
- RESPECT the players, coaches, referees, AND THE GAME.
Key Goaltending Tips
1. Maintain a cool, even temperament.
2. Maintain your concentration.
3. Keep your body square to the ring at all times.
4. Keep your body between the ring and the net at all
5. Every movement must be made as fast and accurate
6. Save techniques must be practiced and perfected.
7. Keep stick on ice at all times.
8. Identify situations and anticipate the save.
9. Try to maintain a high level of conditioning.
10. Give 100% on and off the ice.
11. Love playing every second of the game.
12. Give back what the game gives to you.
13. To be a winner, you must think like a winner!
14. At all times, have fun!
A Goaltenders Attitude
4. Shows minimum emotion
6. Thinks like a winner
7. Constantly learning
8. Intense and focused on
9. Has time for a smile
10. Gives 100%
Physical Assets for Goaltenders
As I stated earlier, I believe that 80% of goaltending involves mental abilities. However, mental abilities must be combined with the physical abilities because once a situation is identified, the goaltender must be able to make use of excellent TECHNICAL goaltending skills.
Knowing where to move and how to move on a given situation requires TECHNIQUE. A goaltender lacking speed for instance, can make up for this with a good ability to anticipate the play and by using the correct technique on the save.
The following are physical "musts" for goaltenders.
1. TECHNIQUE- making sure each save (e.g. Butterfly, Skate Save) is done correctly.
- (stick on ice, glove up, eyes on ring, etc.)
2. QUICKNESS- fast, quick, and accurate movements are a goaltenders best friend.
- quickness is the best defense against surprise.
3. AGILITY/REFLEXES- movement is the most important part of the goaltenders technical game.
- quick reflexes/movements will save goals.
Physical conditioning is a part of goaltending that is a must because it is this that allows the goaltender to make the big save in the big game even though she has had a great deal of work. Goaltending is exhausting because it requires high intensity activity for short periods of time. It is important to condition yourself up to game strength because high conditioning translates into good performance.
30 minutes before game-time
At this time, the goaltender should be arriving at the arena with a positive attitude and looking forward to playing in a fast, exciting game. This is a time to enjoy the company of your teammates, relax, and to joke around in order to relieve any pregame jitters or nervousness. Be social, even before the start of a big game. Never predict the outcome of the game but be confident in your abilities and those of your teammates. This is also a good time to think about your goals of the game such as playing your angles right or keeping focused during the course of the game.
20 minutes before game-time
Start getting dressed and have a good time with your teammates. Try to stay loose and relax and do some light stretching in order that you do not become stiff before game-time. Talk to the other goaltender (if you have a partner) and discuss what kinds of shots that you were faced with last time you played this team.
5 minutes before game-time
The coach is usually in the dressing room discussing game strategies for the forwards and defense. As a goaltender, if you don't have a goaltender coach, this is a time that you should be "coaching" yourself and getting prepared for the shots you will have to face in five minutes. This is a time to relieve your anxiety and nervousness by focusing on your body and mind.
The following methods of relaxation and visualization techniques are a good way of getting rid of nervousness and stress before the game and to get you comfortable and confident so you can have the best game possible. Try them and find what works best for you. Remember, you play your best when you have low levels of: tension, depression, anger, fatigue, and confusion. You are at your best when you feel high levels of vigor and determination (will to win).
Relaxation and Visualization Techniques
1. Muscle Relaxation
Lie down or find a comfortable position on the bench where you can begin tensing many of your muscle groups. Tense your toes and your feet and hold for 5-7 seconds and then release. Remember to breath from your diaphragm during tensing. Feel the relaxation as you intense the muscles. After 10 seconds tense your ankles and lower legs for 5-7 seconds and release. Again, feel the relaxation as you intense the muscles. Gradually tense and intense the other muscle groups (calves, legs, thighs, buttocks, abdomen, chest, fingers, forearm, neck) until you feel totally relaxed. Keep your eyes open and stay alert while your coach is talking.
2. lmagery Training
A. Close your eyes and imagine yourself playing goal and making a save. You must imagine yourself (in your own body) making the save as you would in a game. This is called the inner perspective. Remember to breath like you would in a game, from your diaphragm. You should be imagining a player shooting at you from the slot and you: making a glove save, making a blocker save, making a save with your left pad, making a save with your right pad. Then imagine a breakaway save and then a stick save. Now imagine a teammate saying "Great save!" and smiling.
Now close your eyes and visualize looking at yourself from outside your body while you are making a stop. See what a perfect form you have. Imagine that all the technical elements of the save are perfectly executed. Your stick is on the ice, your glove is up, you are watching the ring and moving extremely fast. Now imagine a teammate giving you a tap on the helmet and saying "Great stop!"
You should now be loose, confident, and ready to play a great game. You are relaxed and feel that you will play well and have fun.
ENJOY THE GAME!
For the goaltender, the warm-up is perhaps the most important element in preparation for the game as it allows her the time to develop a "feel" for the ice and her surroundings, to work up to game speed in a gradual manner, and to develop the much needed confidence for the game.
The warm-up should start with a light skate and should be used to stretch the neck, head, arms, and back. From there, the goaltender should go to her goal crease, rough-up the ice, and start stretching the lower body including the groin, knee, back, abdomen, hamstrings, and ankles. Finally, the goaltender should be practicing her movements in the crease such as going from post-to-post, telescoping out and back, challenging the shooters and backing in. Practicing the motions of saves such as the 1/2 butterfly and skate-save, the 2-pad slide, and the butterfly will complete your own, personal warm-up. The goaltender should now be practicing her angles on the ice and get a feel for where the net is and where she must be standing in order to cover all the angles.
Now it is time for shots! Tell the shooters to start shooting slowly and gradually work the shots up to game speed. Remember, the warm-up should give you confidence! If players are shooting hard and into the corners right off the bat, it will not be a benefit to you or your team, so tell them to shoot slow at the start so you can get a "feel" for the ring. Also, if you want to begin with shots, TELL the players not to deak right away. This will allow you to control your warm-up and be better prepared for the game.
Before the game commences, it is a time to review the most important elements of your game:S Speed in the crease.
A Anticipate the plays.
V Vision in the crease.
E Effort and Energy.
1) Playing High Shots:
The Glove/Blocker Save
Saving the ring with the glove hand requires the goaltender to remember only a few basic rules.
A. Let the ring come to you
Do not try and "bat" the ring out or move your catching or blocking hand forwards. Stay in a comfortable, "ready" position with your glove hand near your waist area as this arm position will allow the best up and down movement for a shot.
B. Concentrate/Focus on the ring
Do not take your eye off the ring as it comes towards you because it may be redirected. Stay calm and ready as this is the best temperament for a goaltender.
C. Make one quick movement for the save then recover
Try not to catch the ring because closing your hand will not allow you to cover as much space. Keep your glove "open" and block the shot when it comes in. The same goes for a blocker save. Simply make one quick, accurate movement for the save. You must then recover to the "ready" position for another shot.
2. Playing Low Shots:
The Skate Save
This is one of the most important techniques that a goaltender MUST master. It is used on low, corner shots where the butterfly save will not reach. For a shot to the goaltenders right, the inner (or left) leg will drop to the ice while the goaltenders right skate will move outwards in a semi-circle motion in order to stop the low shot with the skate blade. The stick must remain on the ice to cover the "5-hole" when making the skate save. The recovery to the "ready" position for this save is extremely important.
The Butterfly Save
The butterfly save requires the goaltender to "drop" to her knees with her pads directed outwards to block shots while still maintaining her glove hand in a comfortable catching position and her stick on the ice. The butterfly save can be used on low shots coming towards the goaltenders sides, however, it is recommended that for low, corner shots, the goaltender use the skate save. It is the most effective save when the goaltender is "screened" and doesnt know where the shot is coming from because it covers a greater area of net in comparison to the "ready" position. The butterfly save can be used on crease-passes because it is fast and covers a lot of net area.
The Two-Pad Slide
There are three phases in the two-pad slide. The first phase is the T-push where the goaltender pushes off towards the side she will be sliding to. The second phase is the actual sliding phase where the leg that initially pushed off, is dropped to the ice under the goaltenders body. This is followed by the goaltender sliding on her side towards the shot with both of her pads "stacked" one on top of the other in order to cover the greatest area of net. This is the most difficult movement for a goaltender to master. It is used in an emergency when there the shooter is too far away for a skate save such as when there is a crease pass that the goaltender has not seen develop. When done correctly, it is one of the most effective and spectacular saves for a goaltender.
Playing The Ring
When the goaltender throws the ring into play, she must follow a few simple, yet important steps. Firstly, the concept of throwing a ring is similar to throwing a frisbee. When starting the throwing motion, the goaltender must turn her body so as to be in-line with her target. The ring should be held across the body and almost under the opposite armpit. This allows for a longer throwing motion which gives the throw greater speed to the target. The goaltender must then get low to the ice and release the ring close to the ice causing the ring to stay flat and not bounce. There must be a good follow through on the throw to make the throwing motion more accurate.
The goaltender must be able to effectively shoot the ring to her teammates, to the corners, or up the ice in order to start a play or clear the ring from the net area. The shooting motion must be smooth and easy and be made with the blade of the stick flat on the ice and the blocker hand held on the top of the stick. A goaltender must not be afraid of coming out of her net to shoot or play the ring when she needs to. The problem is to know when to come out and play the ring.
A good rule of thumb is the following: when you see that an opponent is going to pick up a free ring near the net, and the goaltender has time to play the ring into the corner or to a teammate, she should:
1) know where she wants to play the ring before she plays it.
2) DO NOT HESITATE! Skate out and shoot the ring in the desired place.
Shooting the ring takes practice. Do not skate very far out of your net at first. Work your way to a level where you feel comfortable and work from there. Remember, playing the ring is an important part of the goaltender's game because it can get you out of trouble and help your team.
Playing the Breakaway
The breakaway can be one of the most terrifying moments for the goaltender because in a matter of moments, the goaltender will either make the big save or let in the goal. However, when the goaltender has learned what to do on a breakaway and when to do it, the breakaway can be challenging and give you a high degree of confidence. First of all, the goaltender must have it in her mind that she CAN stop the breakaway because she knows what to do..
She must come out and challenge the shooter and then back into her net at a slightly slower speed than the shooter is approaching her at. The goaltenders weight must be on the flat of her blades allowing her to move quickly to either side of the net as the player approaches. The next thing to do is to let the shooter make the first move.
Because it is so easy to fake a shot in ringette, the goaltender must not fall for these fakes and MUST NOT GO DOWN. It is better to back a little further into the net because the shooter will find it harder to deak the goaltender and may just shoot. If the shooter decides to deak and commits to one side of the net, a sliding skate save or two-pad slide are the best alternatives for a save. However, the goaltender must be prepared for a shot and be in the "ready" position and not fall for the fakes of the shooter.
Playing the Two-On-One
When a goaltender finds herself in the situation of defending the two-on-one, she must know her responsibilities.
The goaltender must always play the shooter on the two-on-one and leave the other player, who might get the pass, to her defenceman. The goaltender must play the shooter similar to the breakaway in that she must move out and cover the angles and then back into the net at just a little slower speed than the player is approaching the goaltender at. The goaltender must always be aware that a pass could be made and think of what she will do if it is. Thinking ahead of time will allow you to know the save you will make in advance and the pass will not take you by surprise.
The most important part of a goaltenders technical game is her angles because it the goaltender is out of position and leaves the shooter too much net to shoot at, there will be goal for sure! Therefore, the goaltender must practice her angles before the game in order to get used to the ice surface allowing her to better know her angles during the game.
The best way to do this is in the warm-up. Take two minutes before the warm-up starts and move in and out of your crease and pretend that there is a shooter approaching you. Back into your crease and do a two-pad-slide, a skate save, or a stick save just like you would in a game. This angle drill will certainly help you in the game. Try it, you'll see!
A Bad Goal
When you, as the goaltender, let in a bad goal it is very important not to think about it. I know it is very difficult and you might feel bad or that you've let down the team but in order to play well in the rest of the game, you must forget about it. Concentrate on your next save and ignore the goal that just happened. Remember, it takes more than one mistake for a goal to be scored. The blame must be passed throughout the team. It is important that you turn each and every goal into a learning experience so you know what you did wrong on the play. Also, when you make a really good save, you must feel great about yourself, but know what you did right on the play so you know for the next time.
After a bad goal, who is always looking at you from the bench? The coach - right? The coach will be evaluating you and wondering if he should talk to you or pull you. If he pulls you, it is important to accept that and be ready on the bench. However, after a bad goal, you must give the coach some positive reassurance or a feeling that you are still confident and ready to play. Dont hang your head, bang your stick, or look angry because the coach may not have confidence in you. To give the coach confidence in you, you must look confident! Skate out of your net and get ready for the next shot. Remember, the goaltender must always be looking forward to the next shot. You must want another shot!
Boredom and Falling "Asleep"
Every goaltender gets bored now and then during a game but it is important that you fight to maintain concentration. This can be done by having a water bottle on your net and using it, taking a quick skate out of your net and reviewing your angles, watching the other goaltender and what she is doing right and wrong, talking (not yelling) to your teammates, and directing the breakout.
Have you ever been faced with a breakaway and felt like you were going to stop it and did? Have you ever felt like you would not save a shot and then did not? And then there were times when you felt less certain about how you would preform and surprised yourself? It is understood that the more confident you felt of succeeding, the better you play.
Confidence is incredibly important to performance. If you do not believe that you can stop the ring you will not. If you think that you can stop it, you will. Expect to win and believe in yourself. Think like a winner and you will be a winner.
In other words, when you feel confident and you know you can stop the ring, you will stop the ring. You must know what to do on the shots and believe you can stop them. This will make you a better goaltender. Your confidence will show!
It is important to set goals for yourself in order for you to succeed. A goaltender should set goals for her game such as covering all of the angles as well as possible during the game or make all of your saves with the stick on the ice, etc. Each goaltender must set her own goals that are important to her. Set your goals and make them happen. The goaltender must be committed to these goals and work as hard as she can towards them.. This means that she must give 100% every practice and every game.
Above all, however, the game is there to enjoy and the primary goal for any player is to have fun.
Click here to Go On to the Section on Goaltending Drills, Skills, Tips and Warmups | <urn:uuid:f09ca15b-f831-41a5-b02d-3b78961294d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.angelfire.com/bc/firstattempt/RingettePage6Goaltending.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.955315 | 5,011 | 2.484375 | 2 |
A good is excludable if people (ordinarily, people who have not paid for it) can be prevented from using it.
It is rival, or subtractable if one person's consumption of a good necessarily diminishes another person's consumption of it.
| ||Excludable: |
| ||Yes ||No|
|Subtractable: Yes ||Private Goods ||Common-Pool Resources|
|No||Club Goods ||Public Goods|
- Private Goods: An economic good, or a tangible item that can be purchased and traded within a market. Private goods are excludable. They are also rival, or subtractable. You can't eat a hamburger that is being eaten by someone else.
For example: Most goods that are commonly traded, from hamburgers to furniture to 747 airplanes.
- Club Goods: Goods that are excludable but non-rival, or non-subtractable. This means that while certain people can be excluded from the consumption of a good, one person's consumption of it does not diminish another person's.
For example: Community services, including those provided by religious organizations; cable television; computer software.
- Common-Pool Resources
For example: Fisheries, forests, oil fields, groundwater basins, and so on.
- Public Goods
For example: National defense, public parks, street lighting, lighthouses, and so on.
These categories are not always immediately clear. Consider, for example, a road. If it's a toll road, it is excludable, since only those who pay the toll can travel by it. Therefore a congested toll road is a private good, since it is both excludable and subtractable, or rival, in consumption -- every additional car on the road reduces the space available to others (and increases their level of aggravation). An uncongested toll road, on the other hand, is excludable but non-subtractable, making it a club good.
What about regular non-toll roads? Well, if it's a busy road at rush hour, it's non-excludable but certainly subtractable, making it a common-pool resource. However, if it's a lonely rural highway, or even a city street late at night, it's neither excludable nor subtractable -- the presence of another car on an uncongested road does not diminish the space left for other drivers. | <urn:uuid:db48734d-fe41-4129-8a0f-f2082b48b871> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.econport.org/econport/request;jsessionid=8D1BBA7481C07DD45D5BDD86BE72CBA0?page=web_printer_friendly | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.930053 | 522 | 2.828125 | 3 |
San Leandro, California /
At New Culture, we are making cow cheese without the cow. Dairy cheese is unsustainable and plant-based cheeses don’t work. Ours are sustainable, healthy, ethical, and indistinguishable from current dairy options in taste, texture, and function. Using fermentation to produce dairy proteins, food science to combine those proteins with natural ingredients, and traditional cheesemaking methods to make any cheese of choice, we are bringing about a new culture for the cheese industry.
We are a Bay Area-based, venture-backed startup in an exciting growth and rapid expansion phase. We are looking for a Scientist, Strain Engineering to join us in leading the global transformation to an animal-free dairy future. As an early member of the team, you will have significant influence and responsibility in determining the success and trajectory of New Culture. The ideal candidate is looking for a new challenge in a fast-moving, collaborative environment and has several years of experience in manipulating microbial hosts.
The role of the Scientist, Strain Engineering, and the Biology team overall, is to engineer microbial strains that can produce functional milk proteins at commercial scales. The Biology team works closely with the Fermentation, Downstream Processing, and Product teams during the research, development, and scale-up of novel protein ingredients.
Learn more about our CULTURE here!
What will you be doing:
- Conceiving, designing, executing, analyzing, documenting, and communicating experiments
- Owning projects and taking initiative to try new approaches
- Developing, troubleshooting, modifying, and documenting assays
- Collaborating both within and outside of the Biology team
- Potentially training, mentoring, and/or managing early-career researchers
- Regularly communicating technical progress with the Biology team and broader company
- Seeking opportunities to widen your expertise, professionally grow, and expand your role at New Culture
What we expect from you:
- PhD w/ 0-3 years of industry experience, MS with 2-5 years of industry experience, or BS with 3+ years of industry experience.
- Hands-on experience with and mechanistic understanding of several of the following: Constructing libraries and devising screening/selection strategies, Microbial cell biology and/or physiologyManipulation of genetic sequences, Recombinant protein characterization
- Experience with high throughput experimental tools such as microplate readers, colony pickers, liquid handling robots, Biolector
- Hands-on experience with more than one type of microbe (gram negative bacteria, gram positive bacteria, yeast, and filamentous fungi)
- Working knowledge of at least one programming language, mathematical/statistical analysis package, and/or spreadsheet software (expert user).Strong quantitative reasoning skills
- Excellent written and verbal communication
- A strong desire to improve the world, a love of discovery, huge enthusiasm for getting rigorous experimental results and hitting milestones on a tight deadline, sharing your ideas and embracing other’s ideas, eagerness to help where help is needed, flexibility to quickly pivot to new tasks or projects.
Even better if you had:
- Experience with post-translational modifications in recombinant systems
- Experience with dairy proteins
- Experience with large dataset analysis/management
- Experience with strains deployed for commercial production
How to know you are a great fit: We look for candidates who are team players, learners, doers, and hungry to make a difference in the world. Creativity and resourcefulness, honesty and empathy go a long way. Our five core values guide us on our path to achieving our mission.
Determination with Kindness | Have the resolve, the drive, and the will to succeed, but do it with empathy, encouragement, and compassion. In the face of adversity we will only excel as a team by keeping kindness at the forefront of everything we do.
Tenacity with Transparency | Creativity, persistence, questioning, and crazy ideas to solve hard problems are essential to our work. We do all of this out in the open while being honest and forthright about the new things we’re trying, getting feedback and input from our teammates along the way.
Teamwork with Rigor | Hold yourself and those around you to high standards and understand how your responsibilities are interconnected with others’. As much as you rely on your teammates, they’re relying on you, and only with consistent communication and rigorous teamwork will we achieve our goals together.
Speed with Focus | We move quickly, exploring new opportunities and incorporating new results to make progress rapidly. Remaining focused throughout our experimentations means making thoughtful decisions, listening to a range of perspectives, and moving forward as a unified team once we’ve committed to the path ahead.
Love the Product | The science is cool but the product is even cooler. Our breakthroughs are always in the pursuit of better products. It’s by selling delicious dairy that we will bring about a successful future for New Culture and a positive impact for our customers and the planet.
New Culture is committed to promoting and creating a diverse, inclusive environment and is proud to be an equal opportunity employer. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, gender, gender identity or expression, sexual orientation, national origin, genetics, disability, age, or veteran status. Diversity is the foundation of what we do at New Culture, enabling us to build a company that celebrates what makes each of us unique. | <urn:uuid:660082b5-01bc-4cd2-b0b6-222845c4145f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jobs.lever.co/newculturefood/1c0ee69e-4c07-4cca-ae69-0c386c418361 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.916451 | 1,132 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Certificates 4 Landlords - Smoke Alarms
From the 1st October 2015 regulations require smoke alarms to be installed by qualified electricians in rented residential accommodation and carbon monoxide alarms in rooms with a solid fuel appliance. Changes are also made to the licence requirements in relation to houses in multiple occupation (HMOs), such as shared houses and bedsits which require a licence and also in relation to properties which are subject to selective licensing. The Regulations apply both to houses and flats. Failure to comply can lead to a civil penalty being imposed of up to £5,000.
These provisions only apply in England; not Wales.
Who is affected?
The requirements are imposed on the immediate landlord. There is an exemption for providers of social housing. A tenancy includes a licence to occupy a residential premises and it also extends to subletting for these purposes.
In the case of a licensed HMO or where there is a selective licensing it is the responsibility of the licence holder to ensure that mandatory conditions imposed in relation to the installation of alarms are complied with.
The premises affected
These duties apply to residential premises which means premises all or part of which comprise a dwelling. Thus, it will apply to a flat over a shop. If the property is a licensed HMO or subject to selective licensing there are mandatory conditions imposed on licences.
The premises must be let under a specified tenancy or a licence. This is a tenancy or licence of residential premises which grants one or more persons the right to occupy premises as their only or main residence. Rent or a licence fee must be payable.
There are various exemptions:-
- A tenancy under which the occupier shares any accommodation with the landlord or a member of the landlord's family. There must be a sharing of an amenity which includes a toilet, personal washing facilities, a kitchen or a living room but excludes any reference to storage or access.
- A tenancy which is a long lease or which grants a right of occupation of the premises, i.e. for more than 21 years.
- Student halls of residence.
- Care homes
- Accommodation relating to health care provision
Requirement for Smoke alarms
During any period beginning on or after 1st October 2015 while the premises are occupied under a tenancy (or licence) the landlord must ensure that a smoke alarm is equipped on each storey of the premises on which there is a room used wholly or partly as living accommodation. A living room will include a lounge dining room and kitchen as well as a bathroom or toilet. It also includes a hall or landing. This means that a smoke alarm must be provided in working order on each storey. The RLA takes the view that mezzanines are caught by this legislation where they contain a room used wholly or partly as living accommodation, including a bathroom or toilet. As regards individual flats located on one floor then there will have to be at least one alarm within the flat itself or alternatively are provided outside the flat on the same floor of the building, i.e. a communal alarm.
Likewise, for flats comprising more than one storey there will need to be a smoke alarm on each floor.
It is the location of an alarm which sounds which is crucial; not the positioning of detectors.
The Regulations do not stipulate what kind of alarm is required. Ideally it should be a hard wired alarm system. It can, however, be a single standalone alarm. Landlords are recommended by the RLA to fit ten year long life tamper proof alarms, otherwise there is a problem of batteries being taken out and not being replaced.
As a final note, heat detectors are not considered sufficient. It will have to be a smoke detector.
Carbon monoxide alarms
Additionally, landlords must ensure that there is a carbon monoxide alarm fitted in any room that is used partly or wholly as living accommodation which also contains any appliance which burns, or is capable of burning, solid fuel. This would include log and coal burning stoves and open fires, even if they are not normally in use, but does not include gas and oil boilers. If an open fireplace is purely decorative and not useable then it is not covered by the regulations.
Gas is not a solid fuel and so there is no requirement to fit one near a gas boiler. It is still advisable as best practice however.
The landlord is specifically required to carry out a check to ensure that smoke alarms or carbon monoxide alarms installed to comply with the Regulations are in proper working order on the day a tenancy begins where it is a new tenancy. A new tenancy is a tenancy granted on or after 1st October 2015.
For these purposes a new tenancy does not include a tenancy which was granted where the original agreement was entered into before 1st October 2015; nor does it include a periodic statutory tenancy which arises when a fixed term shorthold tenancy ends. It does not apply to a tenancy which starts at the end of an earlier tenancy where the landlord and tenant are the same as under the earlier tenancy and the premises are the same (or substantially the same) as those under the earlier tenancy. Therefore this express requirement to check does not apply to the renewal of a tenancy for the same premises by the same landlord to the same tenant. This should not be confused with the requirement to install detectors and alarms which applies to tenancies in existence before October 1st 2015.
In our view, landlords should not be under a false sense of security because of this provision. Our reading of the regulation is that there is an ongoing obligation to ensure that any smoke alarm or carbon monoxide alarm installed to meet these requirements is in working order. Alarms should therefore be checked periodically to see that they are working properly. There is no reason why this responsibility should not be placed on the tenant and the government guidance does suggest the tenant check monthly. However, the landlord will then have to make sure that the tenant does actually carry out the checks. If challenged, a landlord could have to show that a proper system has been put in place to check alarms regularly.
Placement of Alarms
The regulations do not tell landlords where to place the alarms, instead the guidance suggests the landlord follow the manufacturer's instructions which will typically be at head height between 1-3 meters away from the solid fuel burning source for carbon monoxide alarms and in a circulation point for smoke detectors.
HMOs and Selectively licensed properties
As from 1st October 2015 new licence conditions will be included requiring the provision of smoke alarms and fire detectors. In the case of HMO licences they already contain provisions for alarms in any case. The regulations themselves are not applicable in this kind of accommodation.
The local authority is responsible for enforcement.
A local authority must serve a remedial notice within 21 days where they have reason to believe that the landlord is in breach of any of these duties relating to smoke alarms or carbon monoxide alarms. A remedial notice must specify the action to be taken within 28 days of the date of the service of the notice. It allows the landlord 28 days to make representations against the notice.
The landlord must then take the required action within the period allowed. There is an excuse for a landlord for non-compliance with the notice if the landlord can show that he has taken reasonable steps to comply with the duty, but the landlord is not required to take legal proceedings. This could cover a situation where the tenant refuses access to allow the work to be done.
If the landlord fails to take action then the local authority must, if it has the necessary consent to do so, arrange for the work required to be undertaken within 28 days of consent being obtained if consent of the occupier of the premises is required. Therefore if a local authority is also refused access by the tenant it cannot take the necessary steps itself.
If the landlord is in breach the local authority may require the landlord to pay a penalty charge up to a maximum of £5,000. It has discretion whether or not to impose this charge. If it intends to impose a charge it must serve a penalty charge notice within six weeks from when it is first satisfied that a breach has occurred. A right to make representations against the penalty notice is given and the local authority may reduce the charge for prompt payment.
If the local authority upholds a penalty charge notice there is a right to appeal for the landlord to the First Tier Tribunal. The Grounds of Appeal are:-
- Local authority has made an error of fact or law
- The amount of penalty charge is unreasonable
- The decision to impose a penalty is unreasonable for any other reason
Payment of the penalty is suspended pending any appeal.
Local authority penalty policy
Each local authority must publish a statement of principles which will be followed in determining the amount of any penalty charge. This statement will be taken into account in deciding on an individual penalty for a particular case. | <urn:uuid:0bd58b3a-ff63-459a-a5d2-6f356c34514b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://electricalcontractinginglasgow.blogspot.com/2016/05/certificates-4-landlords-smoke-alarms.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.94799 | 1,826 | 1.53125 | 2 |
The process for finding the greatest unsecured loans for poor credit is actually somewhat various
- Begin making costs. A lot of loan providers supply incentives for individuals exactly who created automatic money to pay for their own equal payments. If you should be able to install autopay, you’ll also feel good realizing that you don’t need to fret monthly about ignoring a payment.
Let’s say you’ve got poor credit?
Borrowers with woeful credit might need to watch out for highest interest rates. They could additionally are ineligible for many financial loans that could be designed for borrowers with larger credit ratings.
Yet not all is actually forgotten. Some loan providers see financial factors beyond credit rating alone. You may also seek out lenders which will give consideration to cosigners or guarantors who is able to vouch for your loan payment.
Consumer loan choices to think about
Occasionally borrowing against your own pension economy or house will make feeling. However you need to think hard before you agree to these collateral selection, since these debts might have pretty serious effects if you’re unable to payback your financial troubles.
You might not wanted an individual mortgage to get the revenue you may need. Here are a few choices that may enable you to get through a tight monetary times. Under, you’ll see a table of your solutions, plus longer summaries for how to work with each alternative.
|0% intro APR or balance move bank card||Interest-free stage doing a couple of years||Enticing to expend on the card without having to pay down obligations, consumers with low fico scores wont be considered|
|Borrow from 401(k)||Borrowing from your self with interest||Jeopardizing your retirement cost savings rather than all businesses join|
|Home equity personal credit line (HELOC)||Minimum variable interest levels||Extreme upfront charges, house is collateral|
0% introductory APR charge card
If you have a credit history with a minimum of 700, you should look at a charge card with a 0percent basic APR. These features usually last for 12 or even more several months, several never recharge any balances move charges any time you move an equilibrium inside the first 45 to two months of getting the card. This can be a great way to lower existing loans without racking up any more in interest.
Obviously, you will want to definitely pay your balance ahead of the 0%-interest stage runs out. Numerous bank cards will cost you the total amount of your own deferred interest if you fail to pay your financial troubles after your own basic cycle.
The majority of these notes offers guidelines or cashback on purchases, however should reduce your financial troubles before extra cash beyond what you ought to pay back their costs. Chase, Citi and Barclays all provide excellent balances move bank cards.
If you have an eligible 401(k), you’ll be able to acquire up to $50,000 or half of the amount you really have, whichever is modest, to use for virtually any function. But these financial loans commonly without her issues.
As you were borrowing funds from your own pension strategy, you are missing the interest you might bring achieved on your own investments and environment your self back once again on your online cash advance Louisiana pension aim. Although you will probably pay yourself back once again with interest, it is often lower than everything you could earn through the markets.
Generally speaking, you will need to shell out the mortgage again within five years. Never assume all arrange sponsors allow staff members to use using their 401(k)s. If in case you create your job before your 401(k) loan is paid back, you may need to pay back the entire balances straight away – with an exception for people who make use of the financing to repay a major home loan. | <urn:uuid:11a39b43-f41c-40e4-b6a1-65c1db24280f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://godocoldolce.it/2022/01/the-process-for-finding-the-greatest-unsecured/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.952963 | 793 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Kayleigh Andreason, blonde and blue-eyed in a sweet grey and white cardigan, spins her laptop around and points to her Facebook profile picture. She is barely recognizable, looking over her shoulder at the camera under an advanced combat helmet, flac jacket, and dark sunglasses, save for a brilliant white smile that she flashes again now. A massive cylinder of grey metal rests against her shoulder.”That is a live AT4,” she says with audible excitement. “That means it goes ‘boom.'” She pulls up a YouTube demonstration of the weapon; a resounding boom explodes out of the laptop’s speakers, causing a barely perceptible pause in the hum of patrons in the Starbucks in which she sits.
Andreason, 21, a senior in BU’s ROTC program, represents a group of women who just received some very exciting news. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta announced on January 23 that the U.S. military’s long-standing ban on women in direct combat roles would be lifted, thus allowing female soldiers to enter into positions in infantry, armor, cavalry, and special ops branches–positions they never could have filled before. The lifting of the ban will open up over 280,000 infantry jobs for interested women (NYTimes.com).
Critics of Panetta’s decision have cited inferior female physical capability, changes in team dynamics in the field, and a diffusion of personnel away from non-combat positions as reasons against the change. Whether these criticisms are valid concerns is impossible to say for sure, but based on women’s current roles in combat, the change might prove to be less drastic than asserted by its detractors.
Despite the official ban on women in direct combat, women have been in combat positions as long as they’ve been in the military, working in positions of “combat support.” These roles, though they are not technically on the front lines, involve situations as dangerous as those termed “direct combat”–for example, military policing, piloting, intelligence missions, frontline-attached missions, transporting and defusing explosives, long-range reconnaissance missions, and technological support, among others. Especially in today’s wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, where there exists an insurgent population, front lines are not well-defined, and the tasks required of female soldiers in combat support are often as dangerous as those “on the front line,” though they have not been recognized as such. Over 130 female American soldiers have been killed in the wars, and over 800 have been wounded (NYTimes).
What the ban has meant for female soldiers is a lack of recognition for their work that restricts career opportunities and leads to misunderstanding of women’s roles in the military– for example, it is nearly impossible to reach the rank of general without combat experience. Several women either well into or past their military careers have come forward to express that they have felt limited by the ban (See the NYTimes article “For 3 Women, Combat Option Came a Bit Late,” for examples).
Even more seriously, many women attached to front line combat have returned to the home front with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and, though women are statistically more likely to come forward about experiencing PTSD, many of those women have encountered doubt and a lack of support from peers and even medical professionals who doubt the severity of their trauma because they were not technically “in combat.” This is especially challenging in a military context across genders, as soldiers are often trained to believe that sickness is weakness (see Time Magazine’s article on soldier suicides).Women, however, are continually forced to prove, again and again, their veteran status.
But for women like Kayleigh Andreason, who was a tri-varsity athlete in high school and now plays ice hockey in what little spare time she has in between her ROTC duties and a demanding human physiology major, a world of opportunity has opened up. Andreason, who first saw Panetta’s announcement on her Facebook mini-feed, joined ROTC in her sophomore year and completed the rigorous Leadership and Development Assessment Course (LDAC) last summer. She requested her top choices for branches (military police, ordinance EOD, and field artillery and transport) in September. For those unfamiliar with ROTC processes, seniors in the program request their branches at the beginning of senior year. After graduation, Kayleigh will either attend a Basic Officer Leadership Course (BOLC), work as a tactical evaluator at LDAC, or travel until she can complete her BOLC, which could take up to a year. She will have the opportunity to switch into a combat position once she reaches the rank of First Lieutenant Promotable, after which she will be able to re-class. Kayleigh hopes to be in combat by 2016.
That being said, not all women in the military want to enter into combat. For Sarah Gloyn, 19, a sophomore in ROTC and journalism major in COM, the military was never about combat. “We’re training to be leaders,” she says.”I think that the news is great for women who want to go into combat, but I personally wouldn’t want to.” Gloyn says of the other women in her ROTC group, of which there is a substantial population (there are four women in Gloyn’s squad of ten, and women make up 14% of the U.S. military’s 1.4 million personnel), few if any had aspirations to go into combat to begin with. Those who did were on the track to fulfill roles that would essentially place them into combat roles besides, casting into doubt whether the change will actually change the diffusion of jobs across gender lines.
As far as physical capability goes, Andreason believes that the distinction between “teeth” and “tails” (that is, those at the front line and the complex supporting system keeping the operation in balance) is “a personal one, not a gender-specific one.” In ROTC, according to physical training standards (which test the number of pushups and sit-ups done in two minutes as well as a two-mile run), standards differ for men and women. For example, men must complete a minimum of 42 pushups, the same as the maximum for women. Every additional rep above the maximum earns additional points. Andreason has endeavored to match or exceed her male peers, although she prefers that her statistics remain private. “Women who want to go into combat should be able to at least match male standards,” she says. The tasks of an infantry soldier are indeed arduous, including carrying packs weighing up to 150 pounds, but as Andreason shows, capability is not necessarily determined by gender, but rather by actual strength and stamina.
Although lifting the ban on women in combat will ensure equality between men and women in terms of credit and opportunity, it is important to remember the essential and unique role of women, specifically women, in combat. Especially in a military context, wherein masculinity is heavily emphasized from training to the field, femininity does often plays a key role. Some of the duties that women in combat have and will continue to play are, in fact, impossible for men to perform. In an insurgent war environment, which entails the winning of hearts and minds, soldiers often work hand-in-hand with citizens to determine the circumstances of insurgents, their weaponry and position, etc. For example, female soldiers play a vital role if strip searches to look for concealed weapons are conducted. In Iraq and Afghanistan, where a man performing a strip search on a woman would mean destroying her honor, it is not preferable but essential that a female soldier perform the task.
The military is expected to be fully integrated by 2016. For current female freshmen in ROTC, this means that they will be able to enter into combat if they so choose once they graduate and complete BOLC. “Now, that’s really exciting,” says Andreason. | <urn:uuid:609e5224-82c0-4eb1-82da-ab4d99f57da2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://buquad.com/2013/02/04/warrior-women/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.969798 | 1,678 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Analysis and innovation in world-wide-web of items in the automotive producing and supply sector has declined in the final 12 months.
The most current figures exhibit that the variety of IoT similar patent applications in the sector stood at 308 in the a few months ending February – down from 528 around the identical period in 2021.
Figures for patent grants related to IoT followed a comparable pattern to filings – shrinking from 229 in the three months ending February 2021 to 174 in the very same period in 2022.
The figures are compiled by GlobalData, who monitor patent filings and grants from formal places of work close to the environment. Using textual investigation, as effectively as formal patent classifications, these patents are grouped into important thematic spots, and linked to vital firms across different industries.
IoT is one of the vital places tracked by GlobalData. It has been discovered as remaining a essential disruptive pressure facing providers in the coming yrs, and is a person of the areas that organizations investing methods in now are expected to enjoy benefits from.
The figures also present an insight into the premier innovators in the sector.
Toyota Motor Corp was the top rated IoT innovator in the automotive producing and source sector in the hottest quarter. The enterprise, which has its headquarters in Japan, filed 94 IoT related patents in the a few months ending February. That was down from 109 over the very same period of time in 2021.
It was followed by the South Korea primarily based Kia Corp with 40 IoT patent apps, Germany centered Porsche Automobil Holding SE (32 apps), and the United States primarily based Ford Motor Co (30 apps). | <urn:uuid:ce44c560-1a49-41a2-904d-3f075ecbf832> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://vintageharlemws.com/internet-of-things-innovation-among-automotive-industry-companies-has-dropped-off-in-the-last-year.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.955883 | 347 | 1.984375 | 2 |
The Big Mac gold project consists of 12 mineral claims structured into three tenure blocks. The district-scale project comprises a total of approximately 9,264 hectares (about 22,881 acres). The project offers close proximity to the Essay Creek access road and the newly constructed Alta Gas McLymont hydropower facility.
The Big Mac gold project also represents the largest claim package contiguous with Aben Resources’ Forrest Kerr gold project which recently disclosed drill results indicating multiple high-grade zones including 62.4 g/t gold over 6.0m within 38.7 g/t gold over 10.0m at its Forrest Kerr project (source: Aben Resources website).
The specific location of the Big Mac gold project is of interest as it not only surrounds much of the Forrest Kerr gold project being advanced by Aben Resources, but it also contains significant tenure held in the past by Barrick Gold. | <urn:uuid:b9cb553d-1b81-42a7-aa36-af5d1e7c771a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://metallica-metals.com/projects/big-mac-gold-project/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.927862 | 185 | 1.539063 | 2 |
This is a brief review of some complex systems concepts written as a final paper for PSY 5001 – Biological Bases for Clinical Practice
While essentialism is alive and well in pharmacology and molecular biology, the general trend in neuroscience is away from reductionistic analysis of the brain and toward models which use concepts of distributed functionality and interconnectedness (Sieglemann, 2010; Mattei, 2014; Bassett & Gazzaniga, 2011). This move is a reflection of the inability for conventional science to tackle problems of complexity, and of the strength in systems philosophy which actually has its modern roots in the field of biology during early part of the 20th century (Bertalanffy, 2015). This rather broadly dis-jointed paper will survey some of the ways that non-localized complexity is handled in neuroscience, the overlap with multidisciplinary studies of complexity in some other natural systems, and how this relates to progress in the science of human behavior.
The classical roots of “systems philosophy” in the West begin with Aristotle and Democritus, but Bodganov was probably the first to publish modern systems ideas sometime between 1910 and 1913 under the guise of Tektology (Midgley, 2003). Bodganov was interested in social change and making sure that it happened thoughtfully with the consideration of many variables. Bodganov suggested the concept of organization as pervasive in nature, which implies all existence is the result of the interaction of different forces of situating matter with other matter. An early human tearing apart a fellow predator’s bone marrow is deorganizational from one perspective, but from another perspective the human is organizing the tissue “according to his own physical constitution” (Bodganov, 1996, p. 2). Bodganov was adamant in the absolute law of organization,
All the interests of mankind are organizational. From this it follows that there cannot be, and there should not be, any other view of life and the world, than the organizational one. And that this is still not properly understood is due to remaining fetishism distorting the process of the intellectual development of mankind. (pp. 3).
He writes of human’s role in the world as organizer, but quickly broadens the question to wonder of organization in the natural world and the place of the human within it:
So far so good…But what of nature? Would it not be a naïve subjectivism or poetic fantasy to apply the same view to its events and actions?…Nature is the first and greatest organizer; and a human being just one of its organized creations. (p. 2)
Contemporary systems thinkers often write of a pragmatic reintegration of philosophy to understand the limitations of the current way of thinking about scientific problems. Erwin Laszlo (1971) argued for the return of philosophy the most important problems of the day, in that philosophy has lost its grounding in substantive questions about nature and the sciences through increased specialization of science: “Lest philosophers analyze themselves out of philosophy, a return must be effected to synthesis. . . . Synthesis can mean the conjoining various sets of non-philosophically researched data, to furnish new avenues toward the constructive discussion of substantive philosophical issues” (p. 55). Frodeman (2013) writes “The institutional status of philosophy—e.g., its functioning as a discipline—was the great blind spot of twentieth (and now twenty-first) century philosophy. This is part of what has led philosophy, potentially the most relevant of subjects, to become a synonym for irrelevance” (p. 1918). These authors suggest that it is uncoordinated specialization which detracts from the meaning-making which can occur through synthesis, both at the level of science and the level of the human soul. Laszlo suggests that reductionism is the new nihilism. People need to feel as though they have a purpose, as though their existence plays some role in the big picture. Laszlo (1971) writes,
In earlier epochs they were guided by synthetic modes of thought which rested in part on faith and imagination; but the great myths of former ages and the religions of our immediate heritage have lost their cogency to millions. According to “ideologues,” they are capable of being replaced by action-oriented ideologies, like Nazism and Communism, which present a total world-view with explicit directives for action. (p. 112)
Laszlo argues that the obsession with analysis and subsequent loss of meaning partially accounts for the surging popularity of “Eastern sacred texts, astrology, reincarnation, states of consciousness, and the like” (p. 112). Thus, science, the humanities, and spirituality are intimate bedfellows through the common “demand to ‘see things whole’” (p. 112). “All this requires the resuscitation of a mode of rational and systematic thinking which has fallen into disrepute through over-insistence on detailed investigation and specialization” (p. 113).
This dilemma of isolation and ignorage as a result of reductionism was as alive in the 19th century as it is today, when Nietzsche (1886, as cited in Frodeman, 2013) wrote of the domination of a purely serialized and rationalized worldview,
The dangers for a philosopher’s development are indeed so manifold today that one may doubt whether this fruit can still ripen at all. The scope and the tower-building of the sciences has grown to be enormous, and with this the probability that the philosopher grows weary while still learning or allows himself to be detained somewhere to become a ‘specialist’:–so he never attains his proper level, the height for a comprehensive look, for looking around, for looking down. Or he attains it too late, when his best time and strength are spent—or impaired, coarsened, degenerated, so that his overall value judgment does not mean much anymore. It may be precisely the sensitivity of his intellectual conscience that leads him to delay somewhere along the way and to be late: he is afraid of the seduction to become a dilettante… (Nietzsche 1886, p. 134)
“The world has problems, but universities have departments” (Brewer, 1999, p. 328, as cited in Cronin, 2008). All of the above propose the solution of philosophy’s return as a binding force in the application of science to human life. “Philosophers need to get out of the study, and into the field,” Frodeman writes, (2013, p. 1918), and begin to combine the fruits of analytical science for the good of human life. Wilson believes that the thinkers of the enlightenment “got it mostly right the first time” assuming a “unity of knowledge” (Wilson, 1999, p. kpp 20) as in Sir Francis Bacon utopian Solomon’s House, a loom weaving together the threads of knowledge contributed by different scholars of different problems (Pihlaja, 2012).
The study of complexity is one area where hard science meets the mystery and challenge of synthesis. It requires systematically understanding the order within the disorder of phenomena which cannot be pinned down to a single cause, or even a few mediated relationships between discrete variables. The study of complex systems requires utilizing the brain’s “pattern-seeking”1 function (Lilienfeld, Ammirati, & David, 2012, p. 17) to make meaning out of mounds of reduced data by combining the slow, ordering process of the logical left hemisphere with the associating, “intuitive” processes of the right.
Complexity in Neuroscience
Systems Philosophy as the study of complexity in dynamical biological systems is taking root in the increasingly multidisciplinary fields of neuroscience and collective behavior, to name only two. The multidisciplinary aspect of these fields falls in line with Von Bertalanffy’s (2015) general systems vision of uniting the sciences through a common language; concepts such as hierarchy, modularity, and connectivity, reciprocation, autopoiesis, equifinality, which focus on relationships instead of essential elements and transfer across natural systems from cellular mitosis to migration of germ cells and wildebeests (Guttal & Couzin, 2011; Meunier, Lambiotte, & Bullmore, 2010). What is it that patterns of change in immunological therapies, addiction withdrawal, and taming a wild stallion, have in common? Could there be an agitated introductory period, followed by a phase of extreme chaotic protest, ending with spindled peaks among a gradual titration of habitual behavior before finally resting in a new equilibrium? (Gleick, 2011). What do these patterns have in common with the transition and out of sleep? How might commonalities across these systems allow heterogeneous data in one area to be transferred to another? These are the types of questions that require the synthesis of data from multiple levels of analysis (i.e. special, temporal, hierarchical, etc.) which is common in systems approaches (Bassett & Gazzaniga, 2011).
While the study of non-linear patterns in dynamical systems has been part of physics for some time (Gleick, 2011), it has only recently made its way into the fields of neuroscience (Mattei, 2014; Siegel, 2012). Building on Bodgonov’s “organization” as a fundamental principle in nature and building on Bertalnaffy’s (2015) concept of an open-system, Mattei (2014) writes, “the concept of self-organization has been able to offer a proper account of the phenomenon of evolutionary emergence of new complex cognitive structures from non-deterministic random patterns, similarly to what has been previously observed in nonlinear studies of fluid dynamics” (p. 1).
Though a rudimentary search through the literature will reveal a rapid increase in non-essentialist models of organization in neuroscience, some branches of neuroscience research continue from constructivist assumptions ultimately derived from Freud’s positivist science of the unconscious (Freud, 1915), typically hypothesizing physiological bases for a priori psychological concepts social cognition, emotion, etc. (Barrett, 2013; Jaegher, Paolo, & Adolphs, 2016; Siegel, 2012). While the clinically-inspired fields of “affective neuroscience” or “social neuroscience” generate vital knowledge on the physiological basis for emotion and affect regulation in humans, it unfortunately may suffer from the same limitations as the psychological assumptions that generate its hypotheses; namely that intuited psychological concepts like anger, ego, object, abandonment, attachment, object, relational matrix, empathy, etc. are difficult to define and also difficult to refute in postpositivist experimentation (Barrett & Satpute, 2013; Decety & Jackson, 2006; Ibanez, et al., 2016). Thus, the inductive potential of this domain may remain limited to a speculative subjective realm and cannot directly benefit from overlapping research in other hard biological realms such as ecology, microbiology, entomology, etc., and non-biological realms such as physics, meteorology, paleontology, astronomy, etc. The concepts relate to humans and often only to humans.
Models based on complex systems concepts do not suffer this limitation, but require unlearning old ways of thinking about the brain and the mind in order to grasp the subtle relationship between analysis and synthesis while still remaining within the postpositivist realm (Bowen, 1980). Complex systems possess emergent properties which occur as a function of the relationships with the elements in the system (“the whole is greater than the sum of its parts”), and it is the emergence of higher-level patterned activity in neuronal networks that organizes systems-oriented theories of the brain (Bassett & Gazzaniga, 2011; Sieglemann, 2010; Telesford, Simpson, Burdette, Hayasaka, & Laurienti, 2011). For example, one way of answering the question of how the concept of mind relates to the physical brain is by looking at “mind” as an emergent property of the complex interactions of the physical components of the brain, body, and environment (Bassett & Gazzaniga, 2011; Duncan, Chylinski, Mitchell, & Bhandari, 2017; Doursat, 2013; Sieglemann, 2010). Seen in this light, the process we call “mind” could possess similar properties as other strange attractors (Gleick, 2011) which may be called “self.” This “self” may possess something akin to the feeling of “personality” in a finicky autopilot on a sailboat or laptop computer which seems to have “a mind of its own”, or unforeseen organic-appearing “noise” in electronic modular synthesis or guitar distortion pedal which speaks to a “deeper part of us.”
A relatively simple way to visualize the mechanics of these sorts of strange attractors is using the double-rod pendulum2, a simple deterministic device which never repeats the same pattern of oscillation twice due to the non-linear effect of two dynamic coefficients (in this case the positions of the two joints) interacting with each other through one simple binomial equation3. All of these examples follow simple deterministic rules yet exhibit an ordered-disorder in their behavior that makes them appear alive due to their reciprocal feedback relationships (Fleischman, 2012).
If a property such as strange attraction is emergent then there is no evidence of the property derived from properties of individual components alone. Telesford (2011) writes,
the dynamic nature of a complex system cannot be understood by thinking of the system as comprised of independent elements. This concept also highlights the limits of reductionism; one cannot fully understand a complex system by only understanding its constituent parts (e.g., understanding the brain via knowledge about individual neurons). (p. 295)
Because of the portability of these kinds of concepts across large classes of natural systems, lessons from research in one type of complex system can inform research in other complex systems. Bassett (2011) writes,
The concept that emergence of complex behaviors might occur through the interaction of multiple temporal scales is one that, perhaps unsurprisingly, is not confined to neuroscience. Recent work characterizing power structures in animal societies suggests that emergence or the development of aggregates is a direct consequence of temporally dependent system uncertainty which, in social systems can be based on misaligned interests. (p. 9)
Swarming behavior in fish (Tunstrøm, et al., 2013) and locusts (Guttal, Romanczuk, Stephen, Sword, & Couzin, 2012) is highly predictable at the group level using a few simple variables, and there is no evidence for these variables found in the individuals. While consistent individual differences (i.e. “animal personalities” (Jolles, Boogert, Sridhar, Couzin, & Manica, 2017)) are found to determine group performance (e.g. speed to find safe areas or areas with food) and factors such as individual tendency toward leadership positions (Couzin, Krause, Franks, & Levin, 2005), the overall emergent patterns of group states (such as swarming, milling, and group polarization (Tunstrøm, et al., 2013) remains the same regardless of individual differences (Couzin, et al., 2011; Jolles, Boogert, Sridhar, Couzin, & Manica, 2017; Killen, Marras, Nadler, & Domenici, 2017; Strandburg-Peshkin, Farine, Iain, & Crofoot, 2015),.
Research in fish shoaling behaviors has produced reliable theories which show how a few simple variables (e.g. proximity to a neighbor, proximity to a safety gradient, and proximity to a predator) generate a pattern of aversive behavior in a school of fish to a predator which appears to be highly coordinated at the group level, as if each fish had knowledge of the grand plan of changing trajectory and more or less executed the change in direction to suit it (Katz, Tunstrøm, Ioannou, Huepe, & Couzin, 2011; Schaerf, Dillingham, & Ward, 2017; Tunstrøm, et al., 2013)45. However, individuals are found to have relatively little knowledge of emergent group properties and in fact behave primarily in their own self-interest (Hein, et al., 2015). Each fish will simply move to maintain within a comfortable window of distance to one other fish, and the proximity of a predator initiates the aversive movements in a few fish at the front of the school which triggers changes in enough other fish to initiate a phase transition where the entire school is moving in the newly emergent trajectory pattern.
The area where most of the complex systems research is taking place in humans is in mapping structural and functional modularity and emergent properties of the brain using models based on network graph theory. “Brain networks are increasingly understood as one of a large class of information processing systems that share important organizational principles in common, including the property of a modular community structure” (Meunier, Lambiotte, & Bullmore, 2010, p. 1). The principles of collective behavior overlap in that they involve the abstract relationships between uninformed parts into wholes which exhibit emergent properties. The brain as a unit, in this sense, can be studied somewhat similarly to a school of fish as a unit, where what we call “mind” may emerge from the interactions of individual neurons and feedback mechanisms in the rest of the body which are otherwise uninformed of the beautifully coordinated behavior that they are taking part.
Systematic methods of studying complex systems are now emerging as a combination of mathematics and lessons learned through the study of complexity in physics. One method rapidly growing in popularity in neuroscience is network graph theory, which comes from the field of computer science through the analysis of Bayesian decision networks in software reliability and artificial intelligence. Graph theory itself has been around since the time of Euclid (18th century) and organizes processes around a complex unit of nodes (e.g. neurons, organs, or conspecific social individuals) who’s relationships are described by edges connecting the nodes (Power, et al., 2011). The focus is not so much what each node is (although demarcating where each node begins and ends remains a fundamental challenge) but how often one node communicates with each other node, usually limited by some sort of arbitrary salience threshold. “Centrality metrics such as degree, betweenness, closeness, and eigenvector centrality determine critical areas within the network” (Telesford, Simpson, Burdette, Hayasaka, & Laurienti, 2011, p. 295). Mapping at this level allows for synthesis (observing overall relationships) of analytical data (reducing the whole into individual parts) at multiple levels of analysis (by constructing relationships among hierarchies of modules, sub-modules, sub-sub-modules, etc.).
Network graphs are employed to assist in determining the relationship between structure (this piece over here and that piece over there) and function (processing this information and processing that information) of the brain. The brain may be divided into voxels (three dimensional units of brain tissue) where each voxel is a node on the graph. fMRI data would then be analyzed to determine the degree to which each node fires with each other node on the graph, quantifying the strength of their relationships (Bassett & Gazzaniga, 2011). A rectangular matrix called a dendrogram could then be used to visualize how each node is connected to each other node (Zemanova, Zhou, & Kurths, 2006). The structure of connections described in the dendrogram is often referred to as a connectome (Krakauer, Ghanzanfar, Gomez-Marin, MacIver, & Poeppel, 2017). Connectome matrices show strong relationships down the line from top-left to top-right when the nodes are listed in order of proximity, indicating the small-world nature of brain networks (nodes are typically connected to close-by neighbor nodes for speed of transmission). Groups of nodes may fire so often together that they are designated as communities, or groups of nodes, or groups of groups of nodes (Zemanova, Zhou, & Kurths, 2006). Activity in neural communities correlate with specific functions, supporting the notions of functional modules in a network. Modules are organized into hierarchies where modules in similar taxa have stronger relationships, and sub-modules in differing taxa have weaker relationships (Bassett & Gazzaniga, 2011). Network models are usually controlled using a t-statistic by comparing models against synthetic null models which express randomized connections between nodes. Relationships in null models are random and so are assumed to illustrate no or little organization (Nelson, Bassett, Chamchong, Bullmore, & Lim, 2017). The use of randomized networks as null models as a sort of white-noise comparator is not ideal, but is the best control available as of this writing.
Brian networks can contribute to an understanding of complex pathology in terms of change in the interrelatedness of modules. While studies in schizophrenia in the last 40 years have mostly focused on isolated brain areas or singular genetic causes or predispositions with pharmacological remedies, large-scale network graph research of the brain reveals that schizophrenics may show a breakdown in holistic integration of brain modules at both the structural and functional levels (Nelson, Bassett, Chamchong, Bullmore, & Lim, 2017). Because network approaches normalize data across domains, more holistic connectivity research can integrate analysis from many levels, for example both structural and functional data (Meunier, Lambiotte, & Bullmore, 2010). Unifying neurological data from different levels under a common mathematical framework such as network graphing is a relatively new concept to the field, and shows promise for more integrative methods to come in the future.
Implications for Psychology as a Science
The above findings using complex systems models support the importance of the integrative study of natural phenomena as opposed to assuming that causal relationships between essential individual differences which has been the norm in psychology since Freud. But applications of complex systems concepts to research in biogenetic factors on human behavior have a long way to go before reaching the level of sophistication already reached in other species. For example, as of this writing there is very little research on human groups which produce this sort of predictive models. A search on the literature using google scholar on July 23rd, 2017 using the keywords “’collective behavior’ humans” revealed a striking scarcity of literature on human collective behavior when compared to research on other social swarming species. The results show numerous speculative books on the philosophy of collective behavior in the past 15 years, sometimes applied to humans, and a single study (Silverberg, Bierbaum, Sethna, & Cohen, 2013), coincidentally of human flocking behavior, observing humans concert mosh pits produced a model which simulated two stable “gaslike” and “circular vortex” states similar to Tunstrøm’s (2013) “swarm” and “milling” states. However, limited access to the article content prevented determining whether the model was inferential (i.e. speculative) or based on real-time data from actual cases as is common collective behavior research on other species.
There is more research on the concept of collective intelligence in humans, a construct based on models of individual general intelligence used to determine differences in group’s abilities to solve problems. Collective intelligence, as defined by Wolley et al (Wolley, Chabris, Pentland, Hashmi, & Malone, 2010), is found to be only moderately correlated with individual intelligence (i.e. a group of smart people VS a group of not-smart people), and more strongly correlated with individual’s abilities to determine the emotions of other individuals through visual facial cues. Interestingly, the proportion of women in a particular group was a strong determinant of collective intelligence, probably due to the fact that women score higher on scales which measure ability to determine emotions in others. Where the women score lower on these scales the difference is unnoticeable. Some research reveals the predictability of democratic consensus in animal groups (fish and baboons) based on proportions of informed and uninformed individuals (Couzin, et al., 2011), yet only makes inferences about the outcomes of human decision making, and frequently makes anecdotal reference to this inference in relation to other data on election outcomes in his in-person talks.
This suggests that we know much less about collective behavior in humans than we do other species. The above described research in other species as well as early pioneering systems-based research on human behavior (Bowen, 2015) suggest that many properties of individual behavior are not evidenced at the level of that individual but at the level of some emergent property in the collective. Perhaps it is the complexity of human behavior, or our inability to see the simplicity in our behavior beyond our biases. And perhaps this points to a deficiency in the current value system of psychologists and medical researchers in general which almost completely focuses on the relationship of pathology to psychological or physiological variables found in the individual. Further, the majority of clinical theory remains derived from the subjective positivist realm of science pioneered through Freudian theory which is almost entirely bound to variables in the individual. These theories also cannot be refuted through empirically generalized experiment, which prevents them from being affectively compared to objective data, and even to each other (Zepf, 2010) which erodes the popular meaning of the research term “theory” to mere opinion in the clinical space. Perhaps future experimental research could include asking questions about the impact that group variables have on normal behavior and the relationship of these group variables to the enormous canon accumulated on individual differences. Further, this type of research could explore relationships of group variables not just to normal behavior but to pathological behavior, and possibly even medical symptoms related to the automatic emotional processes that are already found to emerge from the complexity of the relationship systems described in this paper, emotional processes that we (Kerr & Bowen, 1988), and other species like Couzin’s locusts (Guttal & Couzin, 2011), depend on for survival.
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Silverberg, J. L., Bierbaum, M., Sethna, J. P., & Cohen, I. (2013, May). Collective Motion of Humans in Mosh and Circle Pits at Heavy Metal Concerts. Physical Review A, 110(22).
Strandburg-Peshkin, A., Farine, D. R., Iain, C. D., & Crofoot, M. C. (2015, June 19). Shared decision-making drives collective movement in wild baboons. Science, 348(6241), 1358–1361.
Telesford, Q. K., Simpson, S. L., Burdette, B. H., Hayasaka, S., & Laurienti, P. J. (2011). The Brain as a Complex System: Using Network Science as a Tool for Understanding the Brain. Brain Connectivity, 1(4), 295-308.
Tunstrøm, K., Katz, Y., Ioannou, C. C., Huepe, C., Lutz, M. J., & Couzin, I. D. (2013). Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish. Computational Biology, 9(2), 1-11.
Wilson, E. O. (1999). Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf.
Wolley, A. W., Chabris, C. F., Pentland, A., Hashmi, N., & Malone, T. W. (2010, October 29). Evidence for a Collective Intelligence Factor in the Performance of Human Groups. Science, 330, 686-688.
Zemanova, L., Zhou, C., & Kurths, J. (2006). Structural and functional clusters of complex brain networks. Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena , 224, 202-212.
- The brain as a “pattern-seeking organ,” a function of the brain which pseudoscience authors like Lilienfeld often reference as the origin of the necessity of science: to find out which patterns and associations the brain produce actually represent valid reality.
- For the simplest examples of strange attractors see the Wikipedia page for the double rod pendulum (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_pendulum), and the classical example of the Lorenz Attractor (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenz_system).
- As we shall see later in the collective behavior of shoaling fish and modular networked models of the brain, a minimum of two dynamic coefficients is all that is needed to produce a strange attractor which appears to be “alive” in its unpredictability.
- For an example of the stable “milling” pattern, see the following video of tuna: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D6HdoIsLMFg
- For examples of shoaling fish avoiding predators and the theory that explains their coordinated behavior, see the following video: https://youtu.be/X7taxbJ6wwc | <urn:uuid:745056b9-efc5-4c40-a90f-8908d592e177> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://snowonthedesert.com/2017/08/complexity-neuroscience-collective-behavior/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.896681 | 8,189 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Greetings on this the Monday of the Fourth Week of Lent
Readings: Is 65:17-21; PS 30:2 and 4, 5-6, 11-12a and 13b; Jn 4:43-54
Note: Sorry no homily blog for the 4th Sunday of Lent. Busy days for sure.
We enter the next phase of Lent. Who is Jesus and what does he promise?
It is very helpful to write daily as it helps me keep the focus on the mission of Jesus. I hope it is valuable to you.
The first two ‘signs’ of Jesus were performed in Cana. The first the water into wine at the wedding. The second, read today, the healing of the royal official son. It is always beneficial to consider these two events at one location are brackets to particular events as a related sets of events.
Between the first and second sign of Jesus:
- Cleansing of the Temple (a form of teaching).
- Signs he was doing in Jerusalem (though none are actually named).
- John the Baptist teaches he must increase and I must decrease.
- Taught Nicodemus.
- Taught the Samaritan woman (and Samaritan conversions occur).
Galileans welcomed him
Of the signs he performed on that trip to Jerusalem we do not know if we read strictly chronologically. It is useful to allow the text to NOT focus on miracles but focus on trust in and faithfulness of God.
The list I put above is about right worship and correct teaching.
But the Galileans knew and wanted more. Jesus addresses their desires as not focusing on the importance of what is happening as more than the signs themselves.
But for the royal official:
Sir, come down before my child dies.”
Jesus said to him, “You may go; your son will live.”
The man believed what Jesus said to him and left.
The Man Believed
He didn’t linger only trusted Jesus at his word.
He and his whole household came to believe.
Trust the Lord. He is faithful.
Sing with the psalmist: I will praise you, Lord, for you have rescued me.
Rescue in this life and assurance of the life to come.
Signs are helpful and wonderful. Signs cannot be their own end. They must point instead to the one who loves and encourage us to enter this love.
Peace be with you, | <urn:uuid:9f195c9b-bcba-4941-9155-2b0a5ebd0714> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://deacongerrypalermo.blog/2021/03/15/all-he-had-done/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.956135 | 523 | 1.882813 | 2 |
The only bad part about buying a new car is the price you pay.
Fortunately, there’s a tool for getting the best deal on a new car, and this insider fact will save you both time and money. To find about bolero new model, click here.
Just how many hours have you wasted dealing with a new car deal, merely to find out that the dealer acquired other contract clauses planned that exploded the cost? There are wasted entire days in the vehicle buying process.
What does “factory invoice price” really necessarily mean? The price that you see for the car is the “manufacturer’s advised retail price.” You wouldn’t like to pay this over-inflated selling price. Supposedly, the “factory monthly bill price” is what the vendor paid the manufacturer for the automobile. The dealer will have a great invoice with this price in it.
When you hear a vendor say that he’ll sell to you personally “below invoice,” you ponder how on earth he could help to make any money. But, on the other hand, you may think that you’re having the bargain of the century.
Properly, not so fast. See, our factory invoice price probably is not what the dealer had to purchase the car.
Dealers get a variety of incentives on top of this base selling price. Carryover allowances and other lower price rates added in make the true cost of the vehicle less than the purchase price on the invoice. This can soon add up to $500-2000 dollars.
So you could get a car at $100 under the factory invoice and still fatten the salesman’s finances more than enough.
Ask if the automobile manufacturer offers a factory-to-customer refund. Of course, you have to get this straight from your manufacturer, but every small bit helps!
The more you know concerning factory-to-dealer incentive payments, “holdbacks, ” and other allowances often the dealer will receive, the better away from you’ll be. Do your research so you will still know the best prices cars, including yours, have recently been providing.
Now, you don’t want to be a great price on a car or truck and then lose out by forking over too much for financing, an extended service contract, and unnecessary add-ons.
Also, find out the market value of your current car if you’re thinking of a trade-in. Then, talk about a trade until you agree on the pick.
Before going car shopping, what financial institutions in your area currently offer the annual percentage rate? Sometimes credit assemblages offer good rates.
Brand new cars are very reliable and infrequently carry long manufacturer warranty specifics. So an extended service contract could be a waste of your money. However, if you want one, check regarding it with a fine-toothed comb to discover what it covers and what that—is nothing like being surprised by just a repair bill.
If your car or truck already has rust-proofing, shade sealant, or fabric safeguard, make sure you don’t risk more than $50 for it. No more than that will be pure profit to mark up.
A good deal on your new car can be negated should you get a lousy price in your trade-in. So go ahead and take your car to a couple of dealerships beforehand and ask just what they’d pay you for it right out. Explain that you’re offering your car and getting offers from different dealers.
If the dealer you’re buying gives you a ridiculously lower price, you may also sell your car outright to just one of the dealers you checked out with.
You do want to get the actual wholesale value for your trade-in. A dealer who gives some extraordinary trade-in allocation is likely making it up on the newest car price.
Read Also: Six Business Technologies That Avoid Work | <urn:uuid:ede14ff3-85df-43a6-840d-73b9547a8183> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.reviewsis.com/having-the-best-deal-on-a-new-car-or-truck/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.954335 | 830 | 1.546875 | 2 |
One of the surprises in Iranian President Hassan Rouhani’s proposed Cabinet has been the appointment of Mahmoud Vaezi as minister of communications and information technology. Vaezi, a former deputy foreign minister and head of the international division at the Center for Strategic Research (the think tank that Rouhani has presided over since the 1990s), seemed to be a more suitable candidate for a position related to foreign policy, but he has now been tasked with one of the most challenging ministries in the Iranian government.
It is true that Vaezi has a degree in communications and was managing director of the Telecommunication Company of Iran (TCI) between 1979 and 1986, but his experience relates to the time when the sector was mainly focused on fixed telephone lines. Today, in terms of the complexity of the economic, technical and security interests involved, the telecom sector is only second to the petroleum industry in Iran.
The growth of the sector, the emergence of three mobile operators, data services, domestic satellite technology, expansive infrastructure and most importantly the dominant role of companies affiliated with the Iranian Revolutionary Guards (IRGC), have subjected the sector to immense competition between various interest groups. This may explain why the president decided to appoint a close confidant to the position. In the words of one Iranian analyst, “Managing the complex telecom sector can be more important for the new president than the petroleum sector, because the telecom sector touches people’s lives on a daily basis and on multiple dimensions.”
Interestingly, despite some direct criticism by his opponents, Vaezi secured a vote of confidence with 218 out of 283 votes — a resounding result and a sign that his planned approach to the sector has been endorsed across political factions. The high vote in favor of Vaezi could also be interpreted as a sign that the powerful IRGC decided not to lobby against him.
Statistically, the telecom sector is one of the largest non-oil economic sectors in the country. However, it should not just be seen as a source of competition for economic interests, as its sub-sectors (such as data communication and Internet) relate to public expectations, business needs and security considerations by state institutions. The latter phenomenon has paved the way for the growing role of intelligence and security agencies in the Iranian telecom sector. In fact, all three mobile operators in Iran are directly or indirectly partners with IRGC-affiliated companies.
Over the past decade, the Iranian government has privatized telecom companies, with the majority shares of he TCI being sold to Mobin Communications Company — a firm owned by the Bonyad Taavon Sepah, a co-operative owned by IRGC commanders. Other entities are also owned by IRGC-affiliated companies or by revolutionary foundations such as the Bonyad Mostazafan. Even the outgoing minister, Mohammad Hassan Nami, was a former IRGC commander.
Incidentally, former minister of telecommunications, Ahmad Motamedi, called the privatization process in the sector a “catastrophe,” especially as the government has essentially lost control to the security-minded institutions. However, based on privatization laws, the government only held on to the Telecommunications Infrastructure Company (TIC), which provides fixed and mobile infrastructure, in particular the vast fiber-optics network in the country. This means that the government has a technical leverage to deal with the growing interests of the semi-private companies in the sector as it actually controls the needed infrastructure. Furthermore, the Ministry of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) still functions as the main regulator in the market and can put pressure on the various operators through market regulation. Consequently, the various players (government, IRGC-affiliated companies, other semi-private organizations and the private sector) all need to collaborate to protect their interests in this complex market.
Another significance of the sector is the utility of the Internet. It is not a secret that the intentional slow pace of Internet in Iran has been a source of public discontent as well as an obstacle to economic and industrial activity in the country. During the debates in the Majles, Vaezi stated that the introduction of high-speed Internet would be one of his top priorities. He also outlined plans to promote the development of the ICT sector as a “prerequisite for industrial and economic growth.”
Vaezi's proposed plans focus on four objectives, which all point to a new approach to the sector. As a first priority, he has pledged to focus on “people’s rights and expectations” — this should translate into a more business-minded development of the sector. In fact, improved data services will also have a positive impact on entrepreneurship and job creation. The second objective evolves around the development of the needed infrastructure with special attention to the introduction of e-governance solutions. Thirdly, Vaezi intends to promote technological cooperation between universities and the industry to develop indigenous solutions for the country’s needs. Finally, he has promised to improve the quality of services provided to the citizens, especially high-speed Internet and other postal and ICT services.
In his dialogue with the parliamentarians, Vaezi drove a fine line between offering a completely new perspective on the ICT sector without criticizing the role of the IRGC in the sector and also without calling for any revision in the privatization of the state companies. Experts agree that IRGC-affiliated entities cannot be pushed back easily, primarily because they have consolidated their positions. Furthermore, they have the backing of the top layers of the political establishment due to their security and intelligence role in the overall power structure. Nonetheless, Vaezi’s role will be to reduce the security-driven management of the sector while maintaining a meaningful collaboration with these entities. If he succeeds in improving the quality of services and to show to all stakeholders that a new approach to the sector will also increase the economic and sociopolitical benefits, he will be able to push back the hard-line thinking and pave the way for a more liberal management of this significant sector.
Time will tell how efficiently Vaezi will be able to manage this complex sector. His success could be an indication that the more open-minded Iranian politicians are winning the debate against the more hard-line forces that have opted to undermine technological development to protect their ideological interests.
Kourosh Avaei is a journalist and political analyst based in Europe. He has a master's degree in communications and has worked in online media in Iran as a journalist on socio-political issues. | <urn:uuid:4a400b41-00e6-40aa-a439-896ba494cb76> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2013/08/expect-iran-telecom-sector.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.967244 | 1,321 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Matthew Roberts’ solo show, Teach, at theSpace, Surgeons Hall is performance brimming with conviction and energy. He trained as both an actor and a teacher. Here his experiences at the chalk face are combined with his skills as an actor in an explosive critique of the current state of education and government policies over the years combined with insights concerning everyday life in the classroom.
A performance packed with punches and passion
It’s not just a rant, though he has a go at a host of issues. He also has some alarming statistics about how teachers see their work and how they are treated along with the business of recruiting and retaining them. These interludes come from Dr. Emma Kell’s book How to Survive in Teaching Without Imploding, Exploding or Walking Away. He brandishes the book around and quotes from it with all the fiery zeal of a missionary preaching with texts from the Bible. The physicality he brings to the performance matches well with the words in the title. He knows of the tensions and pressures that cause teachers to have mental health issues and to take time off work because they can no longer face the daily struggle and lack of support. He’s heard their cries of fury as one regulation or demand after another inhibits them from opening up the joys of learning and the creative energy of students as more hurdles and obstacles are put their way and the very reason they wanted to become teachers is buried in piles of paperwork, tedious tests and meaningless meetings. On three occasions he turns to the increasingly better-informed audience for a vote on whether he should stay in the job or walk away. It’s fascinating to see how results shift as the show progresses. One judgment says, "Remain: kids need teachers like you", while another advises, "Leave, for the sake of your own sanity."
Director Helen Tennison has harnessed the required energy modulations inherent in the script to create a production which reflects the highs and lows of teaching itself. Hence there are calmer moments when he reflects on the joys of education. His tale of the dragon probably resonates with many who can remember a special story they were told by an inspirational teacher many years ago or a project that gave them a sense of wonder and desire to know more about the world.
Every aspect of this show will resonate with teachers: it’s packed with the moments, situations and exposition that are part of their everyday lives and for many it might well prove to be a cathartic experience hearing someone proclaim what they have felt for years. Many in other public service professions will also identify with what they see and hear. For a few it might all be a revelation, but for everyone, Teachers should be recognised as a performance packed with punches and passion. | <urn:uuid:42c3c995-a24b-4db1-ad41-ea9bda04ece3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://broadwaybaby.com/shows/teach/740263 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.974209 | 561 | 1.75 | 2 |
The Thamshavn Railway
Thamshavn Railway was built to transport the ore from the Løkken mine down to Thamshavn for shipping elsewhere. When the railway was opened in 1908, it was Norway’s first electric railway. Today, Thamshavn Railway is the world’s oldest railway running on alternating current. Thamshavn Railway provided passenger transport from the outset, and passenger trains ran until 1963, after which passengers were transported by bus. In 1974, production in the mines Løkken was reorganized and as a result there was less need for rail transport and the ore trains stopped running.
On 10 July 1983, 75 years to the day after the opening of Thamshavn Railway, the first museum train entered into service. Today, visitors can travel by train between Løkken Verk and Bårdshaug, in exactly the same carriages as used in 1908. It is also possible to book seats in the King’s Carriage, which also dates from 1908. During the journeys, either light refreshments or three-course meals can be enjoyed in the restaurant carriage.
Scheduled trains in 2022
The train trafic at Thamshavn railwas are closed for this season. | <urn:uuid:6f6fd031-361c-4948-b144-772622242e86> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oi.no/en/thamshavn-railway | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.979003 | 269 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Bleaching the hair blonde is a delicate process that requires diligence and care. If you're looking for a pure blonde color that lacks brassiness as well as red and gold tones, one way to accomplish that is by using a toner. The point of a toner is to neutralize unwanted colors from the hair after the initial bleaching, highlighting or dyeing procedures. Toners can help provide the hair with a more natural blonde look that is even and consistent.
Purchase a toner at a drugstore or beauty supply store. Look for a toner that corresponds with your desired hair color, such as platinum blonde, dirty blonde or ash blonde. Most toners are equipped with developer creams that help the products set.
Blend equal parts toner and developer thoroughly in a bowl, generally 2 oz. each (make sure you don't mind if the bowl is ruined by the products).
Apply the solution directly to dry hair with a tint brush. Taking your time, put mixture evenly all over the head. Begin from the roots and work your way out to the rest of the hair. Keep mixture from contacting the scalp, as that could cause minor stinging.
Permit the solution to set for approximately 45 minutes. Sit as still as possible. Periodically look at your hair to ensure that it is processing properly (removing signs of red and gold).
After 45 minutes, rinse the solution from your hair. After making sure that you have successfully removed the unwanted tones, wash all of the toner out with warm water. Finally, dry your hair with a towel. Shampoo and condition your hair as usual.
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Lars Tramilton has been writing professionally since 2007. His work has appeared in a variety of online publications, including CareerWorkstation. Tramilton received a bachelor's degree with a focus on elementary education from Kean University.
Jupiterimages/Brand X Pictures/Getty Images | <urn:uuid:16310df9-11e9-425c-af42-d734dc81b1ba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oureverydaylife.com/how-to-use-hair-toner-to-remove-red-and-gold-tones-from-bleached-hair-12158713.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.921779 | 598 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Are there relationships between the luteal size, luteal morphoechogenicity by ultrasound and plasmatical progesterone concentrations in recipient mares?
Keywords:Equine, Corpus luteum, Progesterone, Morphoechogenicity
AbstractCorpus luteum (CL) synthesizes progesterone (P4), which has a major function in maintenance of pregnancy in equine females and also enables the application of biotechnologies of reproduction. Considering the importance of the CL and its anatomical and physiological features to achieve normal pregnancy, our aims were to determine the size and morphoechogenicity (ME), as well as plasma P4 concentrations of corpus luteum from recipient mares for nine days after ovulation (D0). Therefore, 57 recipient mares were examined daily by transrectal ultrasonography (US) from early signals of estrus to D9. CLs were measured and their ME classified according to a 1 to 6 scale (1=anechogenic; 6=hiperechogenic). Blood samples were collected daily and progesterone concentrations assessed by radioimmunoassay. Pregnancies were checked by US 13 and 25 days after ovulation. Corpus luteum echogenicity had a tendency to increase from D0 to D9. Progesterone concentrations were < 2,16 ng/ml until D3, but there was a significant elevation from D4 to D9 (3,41 to 4,33 ng/ml). There were no differences in CL size, except between D2 (31,54 mm) and D8 (25,95 mm); p < 0,05). Thus, an increase in mean luteal ME is accompanied by an increase in plasmatic P4 concentration, but this event seems independent of luteal size. There were no differences between ME, size and P4 levels from D0 to D9 in recipient mares that became pregnant or not after embryo transfer.
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How to Cite
Arruda, R. P. de, Visintin, J. A., Fleury, J. J., Garcia, A. R., Madureira, E. H., Celeghini, E. C. C., & Neves Neto, J. R. (2001). Are there relationships between the luteal size, luteal morphoechogenicity by ultrasound and plasmatical progesterone concentrations in recipient mares?. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, 38(5), 233-239. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-95962001000500007
The journal content is authorized under the Creative Commons BY-NC-SA license (summary of the license: https:// | <urn:uuid:da30d4fa-ad23-480a-9cbe-d5b398593344> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.revistas.usp.br/bjvras/article/view/5877?articlesBySameAuthorPage=2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.917619 | 637 | 1.617188 | 2 |
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