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Development a house is a pricey venture that may take time. One has to rent common contractors and architects and pass a mile additional to shop for all of the building fabrics for the home. Alternatively, with modular, cellular, and manufactured properties, other people can now breathe as they are able to now turn into house owners. Modular properties are factory-built properties and are assembled on-site. Those properties have won recognition because of housing shortages and the excessive value of creating a livable house. Why are many of us who prefer manufactured, modular and cellular properties? Learn on to be informed the advantages of those properties.
1. Extremely Reasonably priced
Most often, when one makes a decision to construct a manufactured house, they only purchase cellular house portions and bring together them, spending much less cash than construction a brand new house from scratch. It could possibly value an individual round $62, 200 to construct a manufactured house, nevertheless it will depend on the scale and fabrics. Alternatively, if one builds a brand new space, they are going to most likely spend greater than $272, 200 for a single-family space. It’s the least expensive method people can turn into house owners of fine quality, livable properties in nowadays’s difficult financial instances. Modular properties provide a very good alternative for middle-income earners and people who wish to save when construction properties.
However the house owners want to watch out when purchasing the modular house segments or portions. Some producers be offering high quality cellular house portions, whilst others be offering poorly built segments. Sooner than purchasing, people will have to analysis to grasp respected sellers providing high quality construction segments and fabrics. This may occasionally ensure that they construct effective, comfy, and sturdy properties.
2. House owners Have Keep an eye on Over the Development Procedure
Any person who has ever labored with common contractors to construct a house is aware of how irritating it may be. Some contractors can building up the fee alongside the best way, making house owners dig deeper into their wallet to finish the venture. Some even finally end up in debt. Some contractors even lengthen the venture and use low-quality fabrics to maximise their income. Alternatively, when one considers construction a cellular or modular house, they don’t seem to be prone to revel in such issues.
House owners are answerable for the entire venture. They purchase cellular house portions from providers in their selection and construct a custom designed house with appropriate fixtures, ground, home windows, doorways, roof, storage, and different elements. The landlord could make changes alongside the best way with out the approval of a clothier or contractor. However you want to touch a competent clothier when making important adjustments to a cellular house to steer clear of structural problems someday.
3. Speedy Development
Establishing a site-built house can take time, relying at the design and measurement. Most often, construction a brand new house from scratch can take weeks to months to be finished. If an individual needs to begin residing of their new space quickly, they will have to imagine going for manufactured properties. One has to purchase cellular house portions and rent a group to collect them. The putting in place and assembling procedure strikes all of a sudden, making sure the house is finished in only some days or perhaps weeks. This is helping them save money and time.
4. Can Have All Facilities Present in Website online-Constructed House
Every other advantage of manufactured properties is that they’ve all of the facilities found in site-built properties. A modular house may have hardwood ground, wall-to-wall carpet, energy-star home equipment, high quality fixtures, an effective kitchen, a well-designed rest room, and extra. There’s no important distinction between a manufactured house and a site-built house in regard to facilities. What the landlord needs will also be put in within the cellular house all through building or renovation.
5. Power Environment friendly Houses
Because of technological developments, new manufactured properties are energy-efficient in comparison to built properties. They characteristic energy-efficient home equipment, air con programs, and water warmers. As well as, they characteristic high-performance home windows, roofs, and different buildings to make sure house owners spend much less cash on calories expenses. The landlord will even set up sensible home equipment and lighting to make sure they just activate when they’re used. It will lend a hand decrease calories intake at house.
6. Manufactured Houses Respect Price
Many of us suppose that modular and manufactured properties don’t admire in price. In reality, the general public suppose that cellular properties depreciate with time. However that isn’t if truth be told true. Manufactured properties admire price similar to site-built properties. Alternatively, the worth will depend on the preliminary value of shopping for cellular house portions and assembling the home, the native housing marketplace, the age of the house, and enhancements completed at the space, amongst different components.
If an individual owns an previous manufactured space and desires to promote it, they are able to building up its price via making some upgrades or renovations. They are able to purchase cellular house portions like ground, roof, and different fixtures and set up them, and that can make the house draw in a greater worth and discover a purchaser temporarily. Moreover, one can replace the out of doors area, which is able to lend a hand lift the house’s price. The price will depend on how one looks after the house.
Pointers for Opting for a Provider of Cell House Portions
If an individual is making plans to purchase cellular house portions, they want to search for a relied on portions distributor. An individual will have to imagine the recognition of a distributor earlier than anything. If a distributor has a very good recognition, they are able to purchase from them. Respected cellular house portions providers have certain opinions on their web pages from previous consumers. Providers with many unfavourable opinions will have to be have shyed away from. It is usually recommended to invite for suggestions from modular or cellular house owners. A provider beneficial via many householders will most likely provide high quality portions for manufactured, modular, and cellular properties.
As well as, other people short of to construct manufactured or cellular properties will have to imagine the timeliness of a provider. A just right provider will have to ship the cellular house portions as agreed and on time. They will have to now not reason useless delays all through building to make sure house owners get into their new properties once imaginable. Additionally, one will have to make a choice a provider providing a variety of cellular house portions starting from ground and home windows to roofs. This guarantees that house owners deal best with one provider for all the building venture. It’s handy and less expensive to paintings with a unmarried provider for all of the building portions. Most significantly, imagine costs. Make a selection a producer or provider providing the portions and provides at cheap costs. | <urn:uuid:606907ca-e08f-4b4c-9ac8-d8e9b5b40466> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://latazacoffeehouse.com/advantages-of-modular-cell-and-manufactured-houses.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.951017 | 1,424 | 1.671875 | 2 |
No turning back
24 August 2002
One year on, John Howard is confident he was right to reject the Tampa. Will history vindicate him? Michael Gordon reports.
If the absence of leaky boats on the horizon is the yardstick, John Howard has scored an emphatic victory over the people smugglers in the 12 months since he turned back the Tampa.
There has not been a single vessel of asylum seekers in more than nine months - the second-longest stretch without incident since the flow of boat people resumed in 1989 - and the number of potential customers languishing in Indonesia has more than halved.
And grave doubts have now been cast on the credibility of the asylum seeker whose case highlighted the punitive impact of Australia's system on families and children. The Prime Minister was careful yesterday not to make too much of Ali Bakhtiyari's admission to The Age that he spent two years in Pakistan before paying people smugglers to get him to Australia.
But there is no doubt that he saw it as vindication of his government's handling of the case. "I would just invite people who've been so ready to criticise (Immigration Minister) Philip Ruddock... to have a look at this material and just accept that we're not people who are behaving unreasonably," he told 3AW.
There is no doubt, too, that the government believes the policy that helped secure its victory in the November election has achieved all its key objectives. The decision to deny the Tampa permission to unload its cargo of rescued asylum seekers, one year ago on Monday, was the beginning of what Ruddock now calls "the benchmark when it comes to managing borders".
Dubbed the Pacific solution, the policy includes a much tougher legislative regime, the processing of uninvited asylum seekers offshore and increased regional cooperation. Returning this week from a nine-country sweep through Africa and Europe, Ruddock claimed many of these nations were looking at Australia as a model for their own programs.
But if Australia has set the benchmark on border protection, it has also achieved another distinction in the past 12 months. It now runs the harshest system for dealing with asylum seekers in the developed world.
"What makes Australia's detention system so invidious is that it combines the three elements of being mandatory, indefinite and non-reviewable," UN High Commissioner for Refugees representative in Australia, Michel Gabaudan, said last month. "This, in our view, makes it the most severe system to be found in the Western democratic world."
While Ruddock insists there was no criticism of Australia's approach overseas, he is being urged to review key aspects of the policy by his own Immigration Detention Advisory Group at home, particularly those who negotiated an end to the hunger strike at the Woomera detention centre early this year. One member of the group, Paris Aristotle, believes that elements of the approach will eventually be seen in the same way as the forced removal of indigenous children from their families is seen today.
"Probably for all the wrong reasons, officials thought they were doing the right thing, but on reflection we know that was a terrible thing to do - and there are very similar characteristics in how we are dealing with this issue," Aristotle, who is also director of the Victorian Foundation for Survivors of Torture, told The Age.
"If you took the characteristics of dispossession, separation, isolation, trauma, complete lack of power over your lives and a lack of judicial redress, all of those elements exist in how we are dealing with this at this point of time. I think history will judge this path very harshly as a result. That is why I think it's important for the nation that we can talk about this in a different way."
Professor Harry Minas, another member of the group, is the director of Melbourne University's Centre for International Mental Health. He agrees with Aristotle, but does not believe it will take decades to recognise that the balance between protecting borders and human rights has been lost.
"I think in a few years we will seriously be wondering what the hell we were doing and what the hell were we thinking," he says. "I think people will be very puzzled about what was going on. What was in people's minds? What was it that was driving this policy?
"How was it that the very clear advice about the harmful consequences of treating people in the way that we're treating them seemed not to make any substantial impact on either the policy itself or the manner in which the policy was implemented? I don't think that anybody is going to look back on this as a kind of an example of the best that this country is capable of."
These are not the voices at the extreme end of the debate. They are the voices of experts who respect Ruddock and agree with his conviction that the people-smuggling trade threatens the ability of nations to take those refugees who are the most deserving of protection.
But they are convinced that an obsession with sending the message that Australia is not "a soft touch" to the people smugglers and those who are not refugees has blinded the government to the inhumanity of key aspects of its policy.
The stated aim of mandatory detention is to ensure that those with unfounded claims for asylum are available to be removed. But the policy has also been framed to deter others from coming, particularly since the Tampa, and this raises questions of law, morality and ethics.
"This policy that collectively punishes people who are themselves innocent in order to prevent other things occurring is clearly flawed in international law," says Paul Komesaroff, director of the Monash Centre for the Study of Ethics in Medicine and Society.
"But the other profound implication is the extent to which it is damaging to Australian society to embed at the level of public policy a practice that is deeply unethical: punishing individuals in order to achieve an exogenous public policy objective."
Will these views change the public attitude that has strongly supported the government? Maybe not.
Victorian Liberal MP Petro Georgiou told the Coalition party room meeting this week that he believed people were now more concerned about the issue of mandatory detention, particularly because of the number of stories concerning the psychological impact on children.
But that was before the admission by Bakhtryari, the asylum seeker accused of fraudulently obtaining a temporary protection visa, that it had been "many years" since he lived in Afghanistan.
While the admission will fuel doubts about the claims of unauthorised asylum seekers, the fact remains that the overwhelming majority of those who have come by boat have been found to be legitimate.
Amal Hassan Basry is one such person. She is one of seven survivors of the SIEV-X tragedy that claimed 353 lives last October to be offered a five-year protection visa by Australia because she had a family link to this country. Her husband has a temporary protection visa that will expire next year.
At her new home in Broadmeadows this week, she told her story to The Age, describing in near forensic detail how almost 400 people were coerced into boarding a small, unsafe and ill-equipped boat: the trip in five buses with curtains drawn to the apartments where they prepared for the voyage; the demand that the women and children board first, apparently to ensure the men followed; the refusal to return mobile phones surrendered the previous week; the attempt to plug a hole with material from a pair of jeans; the decision of the men not to let on that the engine had failed and could not be repaired; the sound of women screaming as the boat sank; the two mysterious lights in the distance as she clung on to the body of a drowned women; the rescue by Indonesian fishermen alerted when they saw floating luggage and bodies.
After saying all this through an interpreter, she looks at me intensely and says in English: "I was like a camera. I remember everything."
It was only as we are about to leave that she breaks down and cries, explaining that one son was still in Iran and feared being forcibly returned to Iraq to an uncertain fate.
At a mainland detention centre, I meet a man who had been on Nauru since his boat was intercepted at Ashmore Reef last November. He is there on medical grounds and is classified a "transitory person" under the government's post-Tampa legislation, with no right to seek a visa.
He is among several hundred Afghans who are awaiting the final decision on their appeals after their claims for refugee status were rejected, largely because of changed circumstances after the defeat of the Taliban. Almost 240 of them are from the Tampa.
He describes his own ordeal and states his case for the chance of a new life in Australia. "I'm always thinking if they send me back I will be killed or starve and if I remain for four or five years in detention it will also be difficult. We'll turn crazy," he says.
Dealing with those on Nauru and on Manus Island is the first of several challenges facing the Howard Government, though Ruddock exudes a quiet confidence that all of them will be managed.
So far, 74 of those on Nauru, seven survivors of the SIEV-X and 60 who were on Manus Island have come to Australia, almost certainly including some who were on board the boat known as SIEV-4, who were falsely accused of throwing their children overboard during the election campaign.
In total, 578 of those on Nauru and Manus have been found to be refugees and 911 have had their claims rejected, a success rate of 39 per cent. Of those rejected, almost 700 are Afghans whose final appeal decisions are imminent. Of the Afghans on the Tampa, 150 have resettled in New Zealand and another 22 have been accepted for resettlement. Not one has set foot on Australian soil.
While a significant number have remained in detention for months after being found to be refugees, Ruddock says this is simply the result of needing to check family connections with possible placement countries.
Potentially more problematic is how the government will respond to the cases of those whose appeals fail. Here, Ruddock expects most of the Afghans will take up the government's repatriation offer of financial incentives to return.
And those who refuse? "Well, it is the same as for Afghans here," he says. "We will wait until the international community says that forced returns are appropriate." And when might that be? "Our view is that consensus in the worst case is six or seven months away. That's worst-case scenario."
This timetable is news to the Afghan ambassador to Australia, Mahmoud Saikal. "We do not see the situation in black and white. We see it in grey," he says, adding that continuous dialogue and engagement will be required to achieve a "dignified solution for all of us".
Clearly, the prospect of those who fled a war-torn country being forcibly returned in the first year of a new government would not constitute a dignified solution.
The second and perhaps biggest challenge Ruddock faces is to decide how to deal with about 800 temporary protection visas (TPVs) that will begin to come up for a decision from November.
This system is another aspect of Australia's approach to border protection that distinguishes this country from other Western democracies. Those selected in the offshore program are offered permanent visas. Those accepted through offshore processing on places like Nauru are eligible for a permanent visa after their five-year visa expires.
But those, post-Tampa, who make it to Australia will only ever be eligible for a temporary visa, with all the constraints that implies: no family reunion, no right of overseas travel and limited government support.
This uncertainty is the cause of continuing anxiety and separation for those on TPVs. "I need a permanent visa to feel safe, secure and stable," says Amal Hassan Basry.
Harry Manis is convinced the TPV system will make it immeasurably harder for these people to settle successfully and "is setting up a problem that will be with us for a long time".
But Ruddock maintains the system is very deliberately weighted to encourage people to make claims in countries of first asylum. The diminished rights that flow from attempting an unauthorised arrival have to be weighed against "the potential loss of life of encouraging people to get in boats and try and get here".
The logic of this position is disputed by refugee advocates who say the refusal to allow spouses to reunite is an incentive for those still overseas to risk all by paying people smugglers.
A third challenge is to deal with those who have exhausted all appeals but cannot be returned to their country of origin.
The Federal Court's recent decision to order the release from detention of a Palestinian asylum seeker has raised the prospect that others will argue that their detention is punitive and seek release.
But Ruddock, who has worked hard to secure agreements for the return of those refused asylum, is confident that most, "if not all", of those in this situation will leave Australia.
While the minister hints at changes at the margin to make the system less severe, his bottom line is simple: there will be no turning back. | <urn:uuid:d1efb9e0-d7b6-4490-a6d8-f18089888d45> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://sievx.com/articles/challenging/20020824MichaelGordon.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.975484 | 2,722 | 1.539063 | 2 |
3 Reasons to Try Tartar Removing Dental Gel
It happens without you even realizing it. Within one to three days, the plaque on your teeth begins turning into tartar. To help prevent this from occurring, the majority of us brush our teeth with our favorite brand of tartar removing toothpaste. However, we can now do even more to fight tartar build-up thanks to the development of tartar removing dental gels. Dentistry IQ explains three reasons why you should consider trying them.
1. They’re Safe to Use.
Plaque removal dental gels do not contain harmful abrasive ingredients, foaming substances, or detergents that are sometimes found in conventional brands of toothpaste. Because of that, you can have peace of mind knowing that these products are safe and gentle for you to use on your teeth.
Rather than using harsh ingredients and mechanical toothbrush action to get the job done, dental gels work by gently dissolving plaque on the surface of your teeth.
2. They’re Effective.
Dental gel is significantly more effective at removing plaque and reducing tartar build-up than a conventional plaque removing toothpaste. In fact, dental gels have been shown to remove plaque 250% better than traditional toothpastes do. They’re also able to work at a molecular level in hard-to-reach areas that we can’t get to with a toothbrush. This can be especially helpful to individuals wearing braces since it’s difficult to brush and clean the areas surrounding the braces. After you finish brushing your teeth, the dental gel acts as a protective shield to repel plaque as well. Eliminating plaque is a key factor in reducing instances of gum disease and improving overall gum health.
3. They’re Recommended by Dentists.
Because of their safety and efficacy, dental gels are recommended by dentists. In addition, some dentists report that they personally use dental gels and also recommend them to their patients.
Combating plaque and tartar build-up is crucial for the prevention of gum disease and for improving our overall dental health. Dental gels offer a safe, substantially more effective method of removing plaque and reducing the build-up of tartar. When choosing the best products for your oral health, consider using a tartar removing dental gel. | <urn:uuid:01291507-b9d0-47b0-aaf6-176bb6869739> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dentistoffices.info/3-reasons-to-try-tartar-removing-dental-gel/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.938345 | 482 | 2.015625 | 2 |
On this great anniversary, we bow our heads in humility and love as we remember our fallen heroes of the Haganah, Palmach, Irgun, Lechi, Mahal and the soldiers of the Israel Defence Forces. It is their self-sacrifice which brought us out from bondage and regained for us the dignity of independence. They will be engraved … Continued
On the 20th anniversary of the Irgun’s declaration of war against the British in Palestine, Begin spoke at a celebration in Tel Aviv. In the speech, Begin recounts the difficulty of the struggle for liberation, compares the Irgun to other national liberation movements, and notes that their struggle was merely the continuation of the Bar Kochba revolt.
On the 20th anniversary of the Irgun’s declaration of war against the British in Palestine, Begin paid tribute to the heroes of the organization and those who fell in the struggle for the Jewish state. | <urn:uuid:68298efd-67c5-4e1a-950e-6598dd5a0a7a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://db.begincenter.org.il/en/subject_tags/nili/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.926129 | 193 | 2.140625 | 2 |
U.S. FEDERAL LAW ON HEALTHCARE INSURANCE
-Dr. Vinod Patidar1
Principal, Indore Institute of Law
“America’s health care system is neither healthy, caring, nor a system” – Walter Cronkite
Although most individuals do not need acute medical services frequently, when care is needed,the cost can be burdensome unless services are paid for by private insurance or another third party payer such as the government. Provisions of affordable medical care is important to society at large because basic medical services, such as vaccinations, protect society through the reduction in the incidence, severity, or spread of certain diseases.
There are various ways through which the financial risk in relation to medical services is managed worldwide. The framework for health care financing and delivery reflects its economical, cultural and political characteristics; the level of health care within a nation reflects the stage of economic development of the country.
For instance, the culture in US is such that it provides instantaneous access to state-of-the-art technology to those who are well insured however those who are deprived of medical insurance has hurdles in access to expensive treatment. The US culture places greater value on private market solutions to financing health care rather than on social equity.
America’s health care system is broken2 , despite having health care costs higher than any other developed country, the country ranks 39th for infant mortality, 43rd for adult female mortality, 42nd for adult male mortality, and 36th for life expectancy3 . 16 percent of the GDP is spent on health care that is higher than any other industrialized nation4 . However, United States, Turkey and Mexico are the only developed countries without universal health coverage5 . Fifty million Americans are uninsured and middle class families are also adversely affected by rising health care costs6.
In the US, the rate of increase in health care expenditure throughout the 1980s and early 1990s was significantly higher than the increases in general inflation, population growth, and the overall increase in GDP. During much of this period, increases in health care costs were at rates two time that of inflation. Health care costs accounted for about 14% of US GDP. Other countries, even those with universal health care systems, spend less on health care than the United States.
HISTORY OF NATIONAL HEALTH-CARE REFORM IN USA
In the year 1965, President Johnson Lyndon brought in law that introduced Medicare, the legislation covered both general medical insurance and hospital for senior citizens in such manner that it was paid in the form of a Federal employment tax through the employed life of the retiree, and the legislation gave the power to the government to bring in programs for the poor by collaborating in management and financing with the individual states.7 8
In 1985 with the introduction of Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 (COBRA), the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 was amended so as to give employees the authorization to continue health insurance coverage even after terminating the employment.9
In the year 1996, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) was brought into function, the act not just protects healthcare insurance coverage to workers and their dependants (families) when they lose their jobs or are during transition period when they change their jobs but also makes the insurance companies to cover preexisting conditions. If the conditions had already been diagnosed prior to the purchase of insurance then the insurance companies are required to cover it as well after the insurer has availed a year of continuous coverage.10
Year 1997 saw the introduction of SCHIP that is State Children’s Health Insurance Program brought by the federal government to provide health insurance to children of families falling at or below the 200% of the federal poverty line.11
Year 2010 saw the introduction of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act which also known as the Obamacare, the said act brought on floor several debates and views from all the sectors of the economy and political groups. The enactment provided for phased implementation over a time period of four years of a comprehensive system of compulsory/mandated health insurance with a view of bringing such reforms as to eliminate the ill practices of the insurance companies. 12 The enactment focused specifically on elimination of pre-existing condition screening and premium loadings, annual and lifetime coverage cap and policy cancellation on technical grounds when illness is probable. The legislation also provided a minimal ratio of premium income to health care spending and sough to create price competition and enable comparisons by consumers by introducing an internet based health insurance exchange platform where consumers can compare prices and plan their purchase accordingly. The system has protected the private insurance and health care sector while brought into place subsidies to enable poor people to buy insurance.13 14
U.S. FEDERAL LAW ON HEALTH INSURANCE [PATIENT PROTECTION AND AFFORDABLE CARE ACT (PPACA)]
INTRODUCTION TO THE ACT
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) also called as the Affordable Care Act and colloquially as the Obamacare, is the federal statute of United States passed by President Barack Obama along with Health Care and Education Reconciliation Amendment Act; it brought an overhaul in the US healthcare system.
The ACA was brought in with a perspective to increases the affordability and quality of health insurance, reduce the costs of healthcare for government and individuals, and lower the uninsured rate by expanding private and public insurance coverage. To achieve the said objective, the enactment introduced mechanisms like individual mandate, insurance exchange and subsidies15.
The law mandates the insurance companies to cover all people within new minimum standards and to not discriminate upon interest rates or policy access on the basis of pre-existing conditions or sex.16 The ACA is expected to lower both future Medicare spending and deficits.17
The ACA comprises of provisions regarding measures to control healthcare expenditure and to expand the reach of coverage through private and public insurance; by employing broader Medicare coverage and eligibility, and by providing subsidized, regulated private insurance.
OVERVIEW OF THE PROVISIONS
The Act includes significant reform, most of which took effect on January 1,2014, some of the most important provisions being brought into force include:
1. The insurers are prohibited to deny coverage to individuals due to pre-existing medical conditions because of the Guaranteed issue clause in the Act.18 Partial community rating requires the insurer to not offer differential premium price, same premium price is to be provided to all applicants having the same age and geographical location without making any differentiation on ground of pre-existing medical condition and gender.19
2. Individual mandate, one of the most contended clause of the amended act, it requires all the individuals that are not covered by an employer sponsored insurance plan, Medicare, Medicare or any other insurance programs. The act makes it mandatory for such individuals to acquire an approved private healthcare policy or to pay a penalty unless exempted by virtue of financial hardship or any other provision of law.
3. Minimum standards are laid down that are to be complied with by the health insurance policies.20
4. The Act brings into existence Health Insurance Exchanges, which operates a new avenue through which businesses and individuals can do comparative analysis of policies on the basis of which they can buy insurance.21
5. Individuals and families having low-income, that is to say whose incomes are between 100% and 400% of the FPL, will be provided with federal subsidies if they brought insurance via an exchange.22
6. State Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) enrolment process is simplified.23
7. Reforms in the Medicare payment system is expected to promote efficiency in the healthcare system by bringing restructuring in the Medical Reimbursements by bringing bundle payments system instead of fee-for-service.24
8. It provides for Employer mandate, wherein businesses that employ 50 or more than 50 people but does not employ any policy for offering health insurance to full time employees will be liable to pay tax if the government has subsidized.25
U.S. SUPREME COURT ON CONSTITUTIONALITY OF THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT;
‘OBAMACARE’ VALIDITY IN ACCORDANCE TO CONSTITUTIONAL MANDATE
The US Supreme Court in the case known as National Federation of Independent Business v.
, the court regarded the constitutionality of two key provisions of the Patient
Protection and Affordable Care Act (hereinafter referred as ‘Obamacare’).
The provisions being regarded were the individual mandate and the Medicaid expansion. The court decided in favour of the individual mandate in majority while the provision relating to Medicaid expansion was found coercive and therefore unconstitutional as it did not provided proper notice for voluntary consent and gave unfettered power to the Secretary to without the state’s existing federal Medicaid funds in situation of non-compliance, the court considered the same to be coercive in nature and the issue was thereby remedied by putting limitation upon the Secretary’s enforcement authority, thus letting the Medicaid co-exist along with the other provisions of the Obamacare Act.
The individual mandate as provided in the act requires people to comply with a minimum level of healthcare coverage for themselves and their dependants. Such mandate can be satisfied through individual insurance plan or employer-sponsored insurance including any such plan as was being introduced by the new health insurance exchange, government sponsored coverage, grandfathered plan, Medicare or Medicaid or any other federally recognized health insurance coverage. Few categories were exempted from this compliance like illegal immigrants, incarcerated people or religious objectors27.
The act imposed penalty, known as shared responsibility payment, if a person does not comply with the mandate.
The court decided that the individual mandate is a constitutional exercise of Congress’ power to tax.
The court’s majority held that the individual mandate is a constitutional exercise of congress; power to levy taxes.28 Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution provides that “Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, duties and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the US”29.
The court relied on three factors to judge upon the constitutionality of the mandate as a tax;
1.) the amount will be less than the price of insurance, and, by statutory interpretation it can never be more than that.
2) The mandate does not depend upon the intentionality of the action
3) The Act prohibits the revenue from collecting the shared tax responsibility through punitive measure like prosecution.30
The court therefore asserted that the failure in compliance to the mandate is not unlawful and shared responsibility is not a penalty to punish. The shared responsibility mandate seeks to encourage people to buy insurance, it merely functions as a tax as it “leaves an individual with a lawful choice to do or not to do a certain act, so long as he is willing to pay a tax levied on that choice”31.
THE MEDICAID EXPANSION
The court held that “threatened loss of over 10 percent of a State’s overall budget… is economic dragooning that leaves the states with no real option but to acquiesce.32
The Medicaid provides insurance coverage to people with low income by joint funding by state and federal government. The program is voluntary for states but all states are currently implementing the same while opting for various options but adhering to certain federal rules.33
The Obamacare extends the application of Medicaid’s mandatory coverage upon all people under age 65 without household income less than 133% FPL.34 To fund this expansion of Medicaid coverage, the ACA provides that the federal government will cover 100% of the states’ costs of the coverage expansion in 2014 through 2016, gradually decreasing to 90% in 2020 and thereafter.35
The court held that the Medicaid expansion is unconstitutional as it puts coercive force upon the states since the states does not have an opportunity for voluntary consent and that the Secretary has unfettered power to withhold existing funds of the state for non-compliance. However, the court remedied the situation by harmonizing the existing law and circumscribing the Secretary’s enforcement authority. The court held that the congress must not make that state’s existing Medicaid fund depend upon the choice regarding the compliance with the ACA Medicaid expansion36.
The debate surrounding the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act has covered the US. No one is entirely happy. The Right is criticizing for increasing the size and power of the federal government, whereas the left is criticizing for not providing “universal coverage”. Doctors are criticizing the cuts in returns, while private insurers and the manufacturers of drugs argue that the new tax regime is oppressive and inhibit profitability. Workers argue that their employers are simply passing their increased costs down to them through lower wages, higher co-payments, and greater cost sharing.
The most expeditious path to constructing a high-quality and lower-cost health care system is to use the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act as a guiding document. The changes must be so initiated that will correct its deficiencies and enhance its strengths. The primary focus of reform should be singular – to improvise and sustain the health care of the entire American Population. The focus should primarily be upon the care provided and then the cost for the same, only than we can ensure that the American public will be benefited by this law in the long haul – where the cost curve will eventually slant. The boards, agencies and elected representative of the state and federal government have all the opportunities to amend and bend the law as required but to do so the focus must primarily be upon the patient safety and politics must be kept aside. It has to be understood that healthcare should never be made a ground for political strategies, it is really about thinking and opting to do what really is in the best interest of the people. | <urn:uuid:ddfb192f-029d-4db1-b1e4-5dc67d70797a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://thelegalvoiceofindiaiil.com/volume-7/u-s-federal-law-on-healthcare-insurance/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.957599 | 2,843 | 3.09375 | 3 |
es constituting convention, 82-83.
Question of representation in Congress, 83.
Committee report, 84.
Framing of Constitution, 84-85.
Ratification of Constitution, 85-88.
Publication of journal, 105-06.
Philippi, Battle of 293.
Pickens, Gov. F. W. (South Carolina), 234, 239, 376.
Extract from message to South Carolina legislature, 234-35.
Correspondence regarding Fort Sumter, 235, 538-40.
Official notice from Washington, 236, 244.
Pickering, Col., Timothy, 8, 60, 63, 67. Letter to Higginson, 60-61.
Letter to Cabot, 61.
Letter to Lyman, 61-62.
Pierce, Franklin, pres. U. S., 20, 22, 23, 25, 176, 212.
Pillow, General. Defense of Belmont, Missouri, 346.
Pinckney, Charles, 9, 136, 139.
Pleasants, James, 9.
Plymouth (ship), 285.
Poindexter, —, 62.
Polk, Gen., Leonidas, 345, 351. Occupation of Columbus, Ky., 336-37.
Correspondence with Kentucky authorities, 337-41.
Defense of Belmont, Mo., 346-47.
n and election, caused a fatal schism in the Federal party.
He looked to the Southern States as his chief hope in the coming election; and believing McHenry and Pickering, of his cabinet, to be unpopular there, he abruptly called upon them to resign.
McHenry instantly complied, but Pickering refused, when Adams dismissed him withPickering refused, when Adams dismissed him with little ceremony.
This event produced much excitement.
Bitter animosities were engendered, and criminations and recriminations ensued.
The open war in the Federal party was waged by a few leaders, several of whom lived in the maritime county of Essex, Mass., the early home of Pickering, and on that account the irritated PresidenPickering, and on that account the irritated President called his assailants and opposers the Essex Junta.
He denounced them as slaves to British influence—some lured by monarchical proclivities and others by British gold.
A pamphlet from the pen of Hamilton, whom Adams, in conversation, had denounced as a British sympathizer, damaged the President's political prospects materially. | <urn:uuid:531f4272-5b00-49a3-b02f-140e75dcbd45> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/nebrowser?id=pickering%2Ctimothy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.921722 | 541 | 2.09375 | 2 |
What is herbarium process?
Herbarium is the collection of plant specimens arranged in the sequence of an accepted calcification. Plant specimens are dried, pressed and mounted on sheets. Fleshy parts of plants are collected in 4% formalin solution of F.A.A. Herbaria helps in providing correct knowledge of plants through representative specimens.
What is herbarium and its function?
A herbarium is a preserved reference collection of plants and is vital to many different areas of science. Some of the TCD Herbarium’s main functions are to: certify that a plant name is correct (by providing a vital reference collection of authenticated material.
What is herbarium example?
Herbarium specimens include plants, conifers, ferns, mosses, liverworts and algae as well as fungi and lichens. Pressed specimens can be mounted on archival sheets or stored in packets, as in the case for most of the material in the Arthur Fungarium, for example.
What are the types of herbarium?
Kinds of Herbaria
- Herbaria of medicinal plants. This type of herbaria includes the specimen of plants having medicinal importance/medicinal properties.
- Herbaria of weeds. These herbaria contain weeds of cultivated fields & waste places.
- Regional herbaria.
What are the benefits of herbarium?
Beyond their scientific importance, herbarium collections offer many benefits to society by providing data or reference materials for critical endeavors such as agriculture, human health, biosecurity, forensics, control of invasive species, conservation biology, natural resources, and land management.
How do you do herbarium?
To make a herbarium specimen, the plant is collected, and notes are made about it. The plant is then pressed until dry between blotters that absorb moisture and mounted onto a herbarium sheet with a suitable label.
What are the characteristics of herbarium?
A herbarium is like a library, but differs in that the information is stored in a biological form––as pressed, dried, and annotated plant specimens (in the case of most vascular plants; lichens, fungi, bryophytes and some vascular plants are preserved slightly differently, although the main points are the same).
What is the fastest way to dry herbarium plants?
What are the fastest and easiest ways to dry a plant for herbarium besides using a microwave or an iron? Those ways are the fastest but this way is the most efficient and the easiest: Tie your flowers upside down and hang in a window that gets a lot of sunlight. After a week, they should be ready.
How do you press a plant for herbarium?
How to Press and Preserve Plants
- Buy or build a plant press.
- Select your specimen.
- Bring the specimen back to the classroom either in a rigid container (to keep it from being crushed) or a plastic bag.
- To press the specimen, clean up the plant.
- Arrange the plant on a sheet of newspaper.
- Make layers.
How do I make a good herbarium file?
Pressing: Use a press made with a pair of hardboard or plywood boards cut to the same size as the drying paper. Place some corrugated card on one board, then place two sheets of the blotting paper on top of this. Arrange your plant material on blotting paper retaining the character of the plant.
What is the definition of a herbarium?
A Herbarium is defined as a collection of plants that usually have been dried, pressed, preserved on sheets and arranged according to any accepted system of classification for future reference and study.
What are the steps to preparing a herbarium?
The following points highlight the eight main steps to be followed for preparing a herbarium. The steps are: 1. Rules for Herbarium Plant Collection 2. Tools and Equipment’s 3. Identification and Classification Back at Home 4. Setting the Plants Up 5. Special Treatments 6. Drying Plant Specimens 7. Mounting of Specimens on Herbarium Sheets 8.
What are the modern techniques of herbarium protection?
Modern protection techniques consist in 1) lowering temperature; 2) maintaining low humidity; 3) use of vacuum chambers or freezing specimens.
What to do with large plants in herbarium?
If one collects large, heavy plants, it is best to put them into a separate bag as they may damage other more delicate plants in the bag. This is especially true for palms and large aroids. To prevent significant wilting, plants may be wrapped in moist newspaper and placed in a plastic bag, which should be kept shaded. | <urn:uuid:308e86e7-7695-4d7c-ab3a-fba43969dbe1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://theknowledgeburrow.com/what-is-herbarium-process/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.898018 | 1,000 | 4 | 4 |
Jan 2006 Hog Convention
E. Wayne Johnson DVM a, Phil J.Petersen PhD b, Todd Burrus BS c, Kenneth Doyle BS d, Stanley E. Curtis PhD a
a Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
b USBorax, Moses Lake, WA; c Burrus Seed Farms, Inc. Arenzville, IL; d Doyle Associates, Gillespie, IL
58 times less likely to become lame if Boron had been added to feed
Human equivalent appears to be 1/2 gram of Borax per day by VitaminDWiki
42 lb pigs; Added 25 ppm Boron to feed; Appears to be about 1 lb of feed per pig per day;
So boron would be 25 ppm * 1 lb
Adult humans eat about 5 lbs of food per day
So adult human would need 25ppm * 5 lbs * 454 grams/lb of Boron per day
= 25* 10-6 * 2300 grams = 60 * 10-3 grams = 60 milligrams of Boron = 500 milligrams of Borox
Unfortunate that the US FDA does not permit adding Boron to animal feed
- Perhaps other countries allow it
- Perhaps US pig farmers could have Boron added to the crop soil
See also VitaminDWiki
- Vitamin D and Boron category listing has
30 items along with related searches
- Boron improves magnesium absorption and may help vitamin D non-responders – Aug 2015
- Boron increases vitamin D in the blood 24% higher with 6mg of Boron daily see following chart
The effect of adding 25 ppm boron as experimental supplement (XPI-296) plus 0 or 250 ppm ascorbic acid to a commercial swine diet containing 10 ppm boron and 18% crude protein was evaluated in rapidly growing, heavily muscled pigs with history of lameness due to osteochondrosis (OCD). Fifty-six pigs (35 Durocs, 21 Yorkshires) with mean BW 42 lb were allocated to the three available pens in a modern deep-straw-bedded curtain-sided growfinish house. One pen of 19 pigs was fed commercial diet plus 25 ppm boron, another group of 19 pigs were fed that diet plus 25 ppm boron and 250 ppm ascorbic acid. Eighteen pigs received only commercial diet. Pigs were weighed individually every 3 wk and observed for signs of lameness.
Pigs were scored on leg soundness from 1 to 5 on the following scale:
- 1) sound, no defects.
- 2) minor structural and mobility issues, but animal suitable for breeding purposes
- 3) unsound, not suitable for retention as breeding animal but could be sold to slaughter.
- 4) severely unsound, animal likely to be rejected as unsuitable for slaughter
- 5) crippled, in need of euthanasia for humane reasons.
Scores 1 and 2 were interpreted as “sound”, scores 3 to 5 as “lame”. Evaluations of lameness were verified by an experienced treatment-blind evaluator. At the end of the 3- mo trial, pigs were euthanatised and joints evaluated for visible lesions of OCD.
Among the pigs receiving supplemental boron, 1 of 38 was lame at end of trial as compared with 11 of 18 of the unsupplemented pigs (OR for lameness without supplemental boron = 58.1, p<0.001). Growth rate did not differ across treatments. Two severely lame pigs from the no supplemental boron control group were removed from the trial. Among Durocs, 8 of 11 (73%) of the no-boron control pigs were persistently lame compared with 1 of 23 (4%) in the boron-treated groups (p=. 001). For Yorkshires, lameness rate was 3 of 7 (43%) among the no-boron pigs. 0 of 14 (0 %) in boron-treated groups (p=0.008). Lameness rate did not differ (p=0.15) between breeds, but Yorkshires were more likely to have a normal soundness score of 1 (p=0.003) No significant difference in any variable was found between pigs that received boron plus ascorbic acid and those receiving only boron. Hock and elbow OCD scores (1= normal to 4=severe) were lower in boron-supplemented pigs (p<0.01).
These results give evidence confirming the hypothesis that supplemental boron at 25 ppm can reduce the prevalence of lameness due to osteochondrosis in growing swine. The level of boron (25 ppm added plus 10 ppm background) fed here might be similar to what a foraging pig in the wild would consume.
Utility of boron for plants was demonstrated in 1910, and boron has been considered essential for plants since the 1920s. A major function of boron in plants is structural stabilization of the cell wall by cross-linkage of hydroxyl bearing moieties. Boron deficiency in plants is characterised by pathologic changes in the cell wall at the growing points. Boron-deficient plant tissues are brittle or fragile. Plants grown on adequate boron levels are flexible or resilient. Animals do not possess cell walls, but some tissues such as cartilage and neural tissue have abundant hydroxyl-rich extracellular matrix. The physis pathology in OCD parallels boron- deficiency effects in the cambium of plants.
From these results, it may be concluded that osteochondrosis in swine apparently is a boron- responsive disease. But boron is not yet FDA- approved in any form for use in animal feeds. Osteochondrosis may be one manifestation of pandemic boron deficiency in swine fed low- boron-grain-based diets without boron supplementation. Further research should determine dose and other biologic effects.
Far fewer joint problems (Osteochondrosis) when Boron was added to diet (pigs)
- Pig lameness prevented with Boron suggested about 1905
- Prevention and treatment of osteochondrosis in animals and humans Patent Application 2006
by The Borax Company (co-author of the 2006 paper above) – application was later abandoned
Suspect it was abandoned because it is very difficult to patent an element such as Boron
- Honk, honk – could this be the answer? Dr. Alan Russell Oct 2016
Comments on the study by Johnson at the Jan 2006 Hog Convention
- Boron could kill your practice Dr. Russell on Linkedin
"Osteochondrosis is a family of orthopedic diseases of the joint that occur in children and adolescents and in rapidly growing animals, particularly pigs, horses, dogs, and broiler chickens"
5014 visitors, last modified 30 Oct, 2016,This page is in the following categories (# of items in each category) | <urn:uuid:b304cc00-6c22-4e35-a214-479222a6d1b9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://vitamindwiki.com/Far+fewer+joint+problems+%28Osteochondrosis%29+when+Boron+was+added+to+diet+%28pigs%29 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.943474 | 1,482 | 1.851563 | 2 |
QoS Modelling for Software Service Improvement using Adaptive Learning
Chinnam Subbarao1, I. Ramesh Babu2
1Chinnam Subbarao, Research Scholar, CSE, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur.
2Dr. I. Ramesh Babu, Research Supervisor, CSE, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur
Manuscript received on September 16, 2019. | Revised Manuscript received on 24 September, 2019. | Manuscript published on October 10, 2019. | PP: 4920-4925 | Volume-8 Issue-12, October 2019. | Retrieval Number: L35531081219/2019©BEIESP | DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.L3553.1081219
Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite | Mendeley | Indexing and Abstracting
© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: In this paper, we discussed about quality of service (QoS) related to software implementation for outsourced applications. Quality of service is key challenge to produce distributed software services and mainly focused on relative service provide based on possessions usage of distributed environment. In this work, we presented effective QOS Machine Learning approach to calculate and predict quality of service with respect to outside environment conditions. We also presented depth analysis on relative and successive correlations with enhanced performance of resource classification. Improve and maintain quality of service for dynamic resource utilization and perform application level semantic data relation. The objective of research work is to provide a hybrid learner’s resolution that increases the precision while keeping prototype complication passable. Our proposed experimental results give more accurate and efficiency with respect to traditional approaches.
Keywords: Adaptive Learning, Quality of service (QoS), Control Primitive, Hybrid Multi-Leaners, Cloud-based Software, Linear Regression and Machine Learning.
Scope of the Article: Machine Learning. | <urn:uuid:e16af2db-1696-4f1f-a42e-95d3677107c7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ijitee.org/portfolio-item/l35531081219/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.868747 | 449 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Aedan is an ancient Irish baby name that dates back to Aed or Aodh. Some believe that it goes back to classical Hebrew traditions, including Eden. As of 2021, Aedan is just over a top 4,100 option.
Meaning of the name Aedan:
Irish: little fire
Origin of the name Aedan:
Aedan originated as the old Irish variation of Aodhan. Aodhan was a variant of an older form of Aedan, which began as a nickname for Aed, otherwise known as Aodh. Others believe that Aedan originated as a variation of Edan, a version of the Hebrew option, Eden.
Symbolism of the name Aedan:
The baby name Aedan dates back to the ancient Irish option, Aodh, also known as Aed. Aed directly translates to “fire,” and Aedan was a nickname for it. Since Aedan was a diminutive, the meaning turned to “little fire.” If Aedan is a variation of Eden, it would translate to “era.”
Style of the name Aedan:
Traditional or classical, depending on the origin
Gender of the name Aedan:
Aedan is a historical baby name for boys.
Pronunciation of the name Aedan:
Number of syllables in the name Aedan:
Emotion evoked from the name Aedan:
Aedan is a strong and youthful baby name. It has a sense of mischievousness.
Alternative spellings for the name Aedan:
Nicknames for the name Aedan:
Popularity of the name Aedan:
Aedan was a top 1,000 baby name in America from 2005 to 2010. It did best in 2006, ranking at number 759. As of 2021, Aedan is no longer a top 1,000 option. More specifically, it is at rank 4,113.
Related names for the name Aedan:
Great middle names for Aedan and their meanings:
- Edward (wealth, fortune, prosperous)
- Lucas (bringer of light)
- Mitchell (big, gift from God)
- Jackson (son of Jack, son of John)
- Gregory (to be awake, to be watchful)
- Spencer (steward, administrator)
- Walker (fuller of cloth)
- Anthony (priceless one, highly praiseworthy)
Famous people with the name Aedan:
Aedans in popular culture:
There are no fictional characters with the baby name Aedan. | <urn:uuid:4e3d1a80-f1ce-44d3-9fda-cdf01257ee8b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.momswhothink.com/baby-name/aedan/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.919084 | 579 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Editor’s Note: FII’s #MoodOfTheMonth for May, 2022 is Gender at Workplaces. We invite submissions on the many layers of this theme throughout the month. If you’d like to contribute, kindly refer to our submission guidelines and email your articles to email@example.com
Many households, especially the more economically affluent and urban ones, rely on domestic workers. The International Labour Organisation characterises domestic workers as workers who perform domestic work for pay and remuneration. These workers perform arduous tasks, which can include cooking, washing clothes, sweeping, cleaning, childcare, driving, security, etc. These tasks often have a gendered assignment within a household, and exporting these tasks to external sources, reflects those gender dynamics.
Domestic work entails one of the most significant employment avenues for women in India. According to National Sample Survey Office (2012), India has 39 lakh people employed as domestic workers, out of which at least 26 lakh are women. However, the lack of legislation and the socio-economic dynamics within these spaces have resulted in high informalisation of this work.
While domestic work has always observed a demand, the spike in domestic workers in the recent decade has been amplified by increasing industrialisation, shrinkage in agricultural employment, and rapid urbanisation. These workers, especially women, have observed a reduction in their traditional income sources (mainly agriculture), and lack transferable skills to work in other sectors. There is a surplus of female workers without adequate education and skills, who seek better sources of income in cities and are often absorbed into the informal economy, especially in the expanding services sectors, which includes domestic work.
The informal economy captures a significant slice of the global market, especially in the emerging economies. South Asian countries are particularly characterised by large-scale informal employment, the highest among emerging economy regions in the world, about two-fifths of the world total.
Domestic work offers easy employment opportunities to women who might seek to augment their income, or otherwise lack sources of income, due to a lack of qualifications and skills as well as discriminatory barriers in other employment avenues. However, its highly informal, deregulated, and unorganised nature creates conditions unfavourable to the workers, especially women and individuals from other marginalised social locations.
The domestic worker often faces poor working conditions, and low wages and is subject to exploitation, routine harassment, and abuse. With the overwhelming number of women in this category, tied to the isolating nature of the work, without the ability to unionise or belong to organisations, and reliant on word of mouth, domestic workers, especially women in private homes are also vulnerable to sexual abuse, with few means for recourse.
Private households are not recognised as work establishments bound by labour laws. The same kind of work performed at an establishment like a school or factory is considered work bound by labour laws, yet domestic workers do not receive the same recognition. Domestic work can be highly fragmented, with workers often employed on a part-time basis in multiple households, which makes it difficult for existing legislation to cover.
Moreover, domestic workers do not have a specific set of hours of work, thus, with no strict adherence to minimum daily wage and working hours. However, the total amount of hours they put in can equate to or be greater than, for example, the number of hours a full-time factory employee works.
A majority of domestic workers also belong to the oppressed castes and are often employed by members of the dominant castes. Notions of purity and pollution influence their treatment at work, and the kind of tasks allocated to them. These caste-based dynamics are evident, such as the provision of separate utensils, separate or no water facilities, denial of the use of furniture or toilet facilities, provision of stale food, etc. All these are examples of daily humiliations and indignities domestic workers are forced to face.
Household work is devalued and that is reflected in the pay for such work, especially due to high labour competition. Moreover, it is also stigmatised, where having to clean another person’s house is considered impure and looked down upon since it is often driven by necessity rather than choice. Yet, those who look down upon such work seek out such workers to labour in their households.
The unorganised nature of work, reliance on word of mouth, and the bargaining power of the employer leave domestic workers vulnerable to exploitation and income insecurity. For example, a personal account by a domestic worker stated a common occurrence in their work. Often, when an employer decides to travel or take a holiday, they do not get paid for that period of time, and yet are expected to immediately start work once they return.
This indicates a devaluation of their work tied to the informal nature of the arrangement as well as a dismissal of household work. Job opportunities are few, inequalities are high, and competition for labour is plentiful, leaving workers with little recourse. In other instances, workers have often faced accusations of theft, especially among employers who do not wish their dues. Domestic workers often have too little bargaining power and are subject to the whims of their employees.
Comprehensive legislature encompassing the varied nature of domestic work is crucial. There is a need for regulation and monitoring to reduce the possibility of exploitation and allow means of recourse for the workers. Provisions to aid the unionisation and organisation of domestic workers are necessary, to allow for greater collective bargaining power, regulate wages, argue against unfair dismissal, and improve job security.
Moreover, linking such legislature to social protection schemes is essential, as highlighted during the COivid-19 pandemic, where thousands of workers were forced to survive without income for months.
Most importantly, there is a need to recognise domestic work as dignified work, both in the paid and unpaid sphere, and recognise the culpability of those who employ domestic workers. Such exploitative practices should not be considered the norm, and individual households that employ domestic workers hold a strong measure of responsibility to treat them with dignity and support their rights.
Featured Image Source: UCA News | <urn:uuid:9327f43f-224e-4dd6-aa1b-9492d48e455e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://feminisminindia.com/2022/05/24/domestic-workers-unorganised-left-with-low-bargaining-power-and-forced-into-indignity/?amp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.966076 | 1,249 | 3.359375 | 3 |
Back to school is a great time to reconnect with friends, start new activities and rekindle a love of learning. But sometimes kids arrive home with more than schoolwork, and sometimes some stress.. Here’s what to do if your child also brings home a rash, bug bites or (horrors!) head lice.
School may have started, but that doesn’t mean outdoor time has ended. Kids still play outdoors after school and many teachers like to take advantage of outdoor activities while the weather’s still nice. In warmer states, kids are outside all year long. That can mean anything from outdoor P.E. to science exploring. Kids may still be running into poison ivy, poison oak or bug bites. And until there’s a freeze, they may still pick up ticks from lawns or playing fields.
“In the case of head lice, any head-to-head contact – such as taking a selfie with a friend – could be enough to cause an infestation,” cautions pharmacist and author Sherry Torkos, BSc, Phm, RPh. “In fact, head lice represent the second most common health issue infecting school-age children in the U.S., next to the common cold.” Sharing sports helmets or hats used as costumes for school plays can also result in an infestation.
Torkos offers natural solutions to three common outdoor ailments.
- Itchy skin caused by bug bites, poison ivy or poison oak: “Tea tree oil works well for treating the itch and sting of insect bites. Make your own after-bug paste with a teaspoon of baking soda, ½ teaspoon of water and a few drops of tea tree oil. For poison ivy/oak, oatmeal can soothe skin itching. To make your own bath soak, grind whole oats in a coffee grinder to release their oils. Put a half cup of the ground oats into the bath water. Add a couple drops of lavender.”
- Head lice: “A lot of parents are concerned about putting pesticides on their children’s heads. And resistance is a big issue, especially now that pyrethroid-resistant ‘super lice” are in almost every state. Clinical research has found that neem oil, which is readily available over-the-counter as Lice-Nil, is 100 percent effective for killing lice and nits. Even super lice! Just one 20-minute application and you’re done.”
- Ticks. “Be sure to check your child’s scalp for ticks. It’s smart to already have a tick removal kit on hand so that any that you find can be removed immediately. Read the instructions because improper removal of a tick increases your child’s risk of infection. Some kits have containers for sending in the ticks to be tested for diseases such as Lyme. Knowing whether or not a tick carried an infectious disease could provide you with extra peace of mind.”
You may not be able to monitor every minute of your kids’ school day, but you can be prepared to take swift action should they bring home something other than homework.
Sherry Torkos is a pharmacist, author, and health enthusiast with a passion for prevention. Sherry graduated with honors from the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science in 1992. Since that time, she has been practicing holistic pharmacy in the Niagara region of Ontario. Her philosophy of practice is to integrate conventional and complementary therapies to optimize health and prevent disease. Sherry has won several national pharmacy awards for providing excellence in patient care. | <urn:uuid:f18a666d-6eda-4473-971f-ba3cbc893602> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://naturalsolutionsmag.com/new-school-year-prepared-unwanted-surprises/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.954316 | 757 | 2.515625 | 3 |
I beg to move,
The purpose of my Bill is to give a right of action in the civil courts for damages for any unreasonable and serious invasion of privacy. Hon. Members may be surprised that this is necessary at this time in the development of our English legal system, since they may have been misled by the adage that an Englishman's home is his castle. But they will have noticed that even those who live in castles often have occasion to complain about interference with their privacy by long-range photographers, and it is even more true that in a humbler station of life there are many who have had occasion in the past, and in the recent past, to complain of increasing invasion of their privacy from many people and in many ways. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights says that everyone has the right to the protection of the law against arbitrary interference with his privacy. The curious thing is that our English legal system has never given an explicit right to privacy. It is true that the subject is covered partly by the law of trespass, the law of nuisance, the law of defamation, and I suppose it could be said by the law relating to patents and copyright. But this is only a partial solution to this difficult problem. It touches only the fringe, and there ought to be in the law a right to be left alone if one wishes to be left alone. This right has already been accepted by most of the States in the United States. It has been accepted by Canada, South Africa, and several continental countries. The history of its development is rather interesting and rewarding. It started in about 1890, when a certain Mrs. Samuel Warren, a lady in Boston, was giving a reception for her daughter's wedding. Because of the activities of some of the yellow Press she was incensed by the accounts given of that wedding. She got on to her husband about it. It so happened that he was a distinguished legal academic, and that his great friend was Louis Brandeis, who was then Dean of Harvard Law School. Between them they wrote an article which was, perhaps, the most successful piece of legal academic writing. They insisted that there was a right to privacy in American common law. It was some years before the courts accepted this, but eventually they did accept that there was such a right. That right has been developed ever since, the most recent example being Mrs. Jacqueline Kennedy's use of it to see that her personal grief was not displayed for the interest and prurient curiosity of millions in William Manchester's book. The moral is obvious; if I am to get anywhere with this Bill I should secure the support of Mrs. Harold Wilson and Mrs. Roy Jenkins. There have been valient efforts to establish this right. Professor Winfield, in his book on tort, started the agitation about 30 years ago, and it has since been taken up by the Master of the Rolls, Lord Denning. The only attempt ever to express this right in statutory form was by the noble Lord, Lord Mancroft, in another place in 1961, when, by an overwhelming vote, a Second Reading was given to his Bill relating to intrusion by the Press into personal privacy. The Bill was severely criticised by the Press at the time as an attack upon its liberty; indeed, it is possible that it could be misinterpreted in that way. In my view, that Bill was too limited, because it appeared that it was an attack on only one kind of invasion of privacy and also because in recent times there have been many occasions when different kinds of invasion of privacy have occurred which would not have been covered by such legislation. It is necessary that legislation in this respect should cover the latest developments, and my Bill therefore establishes a general principle which the courts could act upon and which would enable them to decide in a concrete way whether there had been an invasion of privacy. I would define an invasion of privacy as any unreasonable and serious interference with the seclusion of a person himself, his family, or his property from the public. Because of some of the publicity about my Bill hon. Members could be forgiven for thinking that I am bringing in more Bills than the Prime Minister. It has been reported that I am bringing in a Bill about doorstep salesmen; that I am bringing in a Bill about telephone tapping; that I am bringing in a Bill about industrial espionage—That leave be given to bring in a Bill to protect a person from any unreasonable and serious interference with his seclusion of himself, his family or his property from the public.
Order. The hon. Gentleman must deal with this Bill.
—and a Bill about Press intrusion.My Bill covers all these subjects. It would establish a general right, which could be interpreted by the courts in certain situations. The right would be restricted by reasonable defences. We all remember the scenes at the hospital when the late Aneurin Bevan was recovering from an illness, and we would all agree that that was an unnecessary invasion of his privacy by some elements of the Press. I am aware that the Press say that matters have improved since then, especially as a result of the setting up of the Press Council. That is undoubtedly true, but there are still lamentable lapses from good taste on the part of some members of the Press. Only last year, when two Vietnamese children were brought to East Grinstead Hospital for plastic surgery, some members of the Press tried to get into the hospital to try to photograph them, although the children were disfigured. It was unnecessary, from the point of view of the public interest, that Mrs. Donald Campbell should have heard the news of the death of her husband in the full glare of television cameras and publicity. It is unnecessary that inquiry agents should resort to the use of bugging devices and tape recording in hotel bedrooms to obtain evidence of adultery, or use party lines to listen to the telephone conversations of co-respondents. The large extension of telephone tapping which has come to light in recent months is unnecessary and undesirable. Perhaps the most important element of the Bill is the protection it affords against forms of industrial espionage, which have become all too common in recent months. The most poignant scene in "Nineteen Eighty-Four" was when Winston Smith retired from all the mechanical devices that had been established to invade his privacy to a little neglected wood, only to find later on that even there bugging devices had been installed. In a civilised community, where we are living on top of each other, there must be an area of life which an individual has the right to keep to himself. The Bill will protect that right.
I agree in principle with the need for the protection of individual privacy. Nevertheless, provision should also be made for the protection of the Press in carrying out its duty—
Order. We cannot discuss Amendments to the Bill, as the hon. Member proposes. He must oppose the Bill.
I would feel inclined to oppose the Bill on the ground that if the Bill is not framed sensibly there is a danger that the Press will be penalised. The Press should be protected in carrying out its duty of telling the truth—
I am not trying to obstruct the hon. Member, but he must make a speech opposing the Bill. He can oppose it for the reasons that he is beginning to adumbrate.
Perhaps I should declare an interest in the matter, Mr. Speaker, since I am concerned with the Press. In view of what you say, I withdraw my opposition to the Bill.
Question put and agreed to.
Bill ordered to be brought in by Mr. Alexander W. Lyon, Mr. Peter Archer, Mr. Arthur Davidson, Mr. Edward Lyons, Mr. Clegg, and Mr. Lubbock, and Mr. Ben Whitaker.
Right Of Privacy
Bill to protect a person from any unreasonable and serious interference with his seclusion of himself, his family or his property from the public, presented accordingly and read the First time; to be read a Second time upon Friday, 16th June and to be printed. [Bill 181.] | <urn:uuid:62cb813c-d73b-446f-88e8-8b42cee3fc93> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/1967-02-08/debates/b489b8e4-2eff-462c-a8cb-5f7e48ab986c/RightOfPrivacy#1568 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.982646 | 1,648 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Johan Hendrik Caspar Kern
- 6 April 1833 - 4 July 1917
- Apart from promoting the study of Sanskrit, Professor Kern laid the foundation for Austronesian studies by Dutch scholars. It is as a comparativist and a philologist that he gained his great reputation.
- Source of the presentation
- Source: en.wikipedia.org(External link)
Manual of Indian Buddhism
- Authored by Johan Hendrik Caspar Kern. | <urn:uuid:71533156-0246-413e-94dd-fd380200bdc0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://paramountbooks.co.uk/talentedindividual/johan-hendrik-caspar-kern/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.914269 | 107 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Daily Life After the Great East Japan Earthquake
Photographer: Everett Kennedy Brown
In the prime fruit producing region west of Fukushima city, Geiger counter readings in the local orchards famed for their high quality fruit have dropped from 28,000 becquerel per meter to less than 3,700 after spraying the trees with high pressure water guns. The local farmers, many of whom lost upwards of 90 percent of their income due to the nuclear contamination, have started cleaning their trees of radiation and removing the top soil of their fields.
In the village of Kawauchimura, approximately 300 of the 3000 residents have remained in the emergency evacuation preparation zone, a designated area located between 20 and 30 kilometers from the damaged Fukushima nuclear power plant. The village mayor is encouraging residents to return. Most of customers of a noodle shop, the only restaurant open in the vicinity, are government officials and workers who come in to clean up the damage.
In Koriyama city, food cooperative organizer Takashi Sato created a group of concerned mothers who have decided to stay in Fukushima to meet regularly and study dietary methods to detoxify the body and strength their immune systems to combat the effects of localized radiation.
The residents of Namie Machi, a town seven kilometers from the Fukushima nuclear power plant, were evacuated soon after the nuclear accident. They now live in a four square meter room in temporary shelters in Motomiya town, Fukushima prefecture. They all wait for the government and TEPCO (Tokyo Electric Power Company) to provide accurate information on the disaster and to come up with appropriate compensation to start a new life. | <urn:uuid:601ce15a-94ed-4981-97d1-ae394b56315f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.epa.eu/photo-essays/2012/daily-life-after-great-east-japan-earthquake | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.955725 | 329 | 3.03125 | 3 |
3-2-15: “If policy makers were to listen to educators – and to students and parents – they would hear that the real crisis in public education is the loss of our collective commitment to the common good. If we continue to make the kinds of choices that steer resources away from our neediest students, the […]
1-22-15: “If you truly believe you could work full time and support a family on less than $15,000 a year, go try it.” – President Obama to Congress, Jan. 20, 2015, via E.J. Dionne
1-17-15: “We have to give them quality teachers, small class sizes, up-to-date equipment. But in addition, if we’re serious, we have to do things that overcome the damages of poverty. We have to meet their health needs, their mental health needs, after-school programs, summer programs, parent engagement, early-childhood services. These are the so- called wraparound […]
1-15-15: “Rebecca Marcon found negative effects of overly-directed preschool instruction on later school performance in a study of three different curricula, described as either ‘academically oriented’ or ‘child-initiated.’ By third grade, her group of 343 students — 96% African American with 75% of the children qualifying for subsidized school lunch — displayed few differences in […]
1-9-15: “I don’t understand what youth are dealing with in their schools every day. I didn’t realize. My daughter, who’s a senior at Harding, says they see fights on the regular. I mean, growing up, I didn’t understand when she came home and said ‘There was a fight today’ that it happened in front of […]
1-8-15: “Students from first- and second-generation immigrant families are more likely than their peers from non-immigrant families to have strengths such as parents who remain married and households where multiple generations of relatives may live. ‘These children are more likely to live in intact, extended families. That’s a positive for them and one that can […]
1-3-15: “Now I can make a very powerful case to a parent about the opportunities they want for a child that they love. But I can make a business case to you about the opportunities you want to develop the most powerful economic driver that any community, any state, any nation can imagine – the […]
1-1-15: Heads up, adults: Monday begins the next year of young people’s school lives. Are you constructively engaged?
12-30-14: Tal Gross, a Columbia University assistant professor, making a New Year’s resolution, in the Washington Post, to ban electronics from his classroom: “We are becoming a distracted nation, constantly alt-tabbing to our e-mail and peeking at our phones. We should not be so quick to throw out our pens and pencils.”
12-27-14: Messages left by Empty Stocking Fund donors this year included this: “As an example for the young set by Granna.” Just so. | <urn:uuid:b40a3021-c32d-4b9c-980e-6538aa67aaec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://frontporchcharlotte.org/category/3am/page/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.969007 | 683 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Table of Contents
The House of Commons – Science and Technology – Tenth Report Scientific publications: free for all has just been published and caused pleasant surprise among advocates of open access. It repays reading, and is surely significant given its recommendations and the standing of the body which produced it.
Academic libraries are struggling to purchase subscriptions to all the journal titles needed by their users. This is due both to the high and increasing journal prices imposed by commercial publishers and the inadequacy of library budgets to meet the demands placed upon them by a system supporting an ever increasing volume of research. Whilst there are a number of measures that can be taken by publishers, libraries and academics to improve the provision of scientific publications, a Government strategy is urgently needed.
This Report recommends that all UK higher education institutions establish institutional repositories on which their published output can be stored and from which it can be read, free of charge, online. It also recommends that Research Councils and other Government funders mandate their funded researchers to deposit a copy of all of their articles in this way. The Government will need to appoint a central body to oversee the implementation of the repositories; to help with networking; and to ensure compliance with the technical standards needed to provide maximum functionality. Set-up and running costs are relatively low, making institutional repositories a cost-effective way of improving access to scientific publications. [House of Commons – Science and Technology – Tenth Report] | <urn:uuid:0cddb747-8994-4c53-9410-03d9209a7ad6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lorcandempsey.net/uk-parliamentary-report-on-scholarly-communication/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.942477 | 285 | 2.375 | 2 |
North Korea has been growing its nuclear and missile programs in the past year, relying heavily on digital currencies to fund them, according to the United Nations. In its latest report, the organization said that the country increased capabilities for rapid deployment of nuclear weapons amid sanctions by the U.N. and other major global economies.
In a special report, independent sanction monitors for the U.N. stated that North Korea continued to develop its nuclear programs despite repeated warnings against it by global bodies.
The report, which was seen by Reuters, stated, “Although no nuclear tests or launches of ICBMs (intercontinental ballistic missiles) were reported, DPRK continued to develop its capability for production of nuclear fissile materials.”
U.N. monitors claimed that the country continued maintaining and developing its nuclear and ballistic missile infrastructure, with North Korean leaders seeking technology, material and know-how for these programs overseas, including through joint scientific research with unnamed countries and through cyber means.
North Korea has been subjected to some of the harshest sanctions from the U.N., the United States and other major global powers. However, it has managed to continue funding its operations, relying heavily on digital currencies, the U.N. said.
“Cyberattacks, particularly on cryptocurrency assets, remain an important revenue source,” the monitors stated in their report.
“According to a member state, DPRK cyberactors stole more than $50 million between 2020 and mid-2021 from at least three cryptocurrency exchanges in North America, Europe and Asia.”
They further cited research conducted by blockchain analytics firm Chainalysis, which alleged that North Korean hackers attacked at least seven digital asset platforms in 2021 and made away with over $400 million worth of digital currencies.
According to the New York-based company, the attackers were behind the Liquid exchange hack in which $91 million in ETH, ERC-20 tokens and BTC was stolen. Further, Chainalysis claimed that the most notorious gang in North Korea is the Lazarus Group which was behind most of the attacks. The group reportedly enjoys the backing and protection of the Korean government through the intelligence service Reconnaissance General Bureau.
Watch: CoinGeek New York panel, Investigating Criminal Activity on the Blockchain
New to Bitcoin? Check out CoinGeek’s Bitcoin for Beginners section, the ultimate resource guide to learn more about Bitcoin—as originally envisioned by Satoshi Nakamoto—and blockchain. | <urn:uuid:ed2f3a9f-be9d-41c6-9488-432af96be9f1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://coingeek.com/north-korea-relying-on-digital-currency-hacks-to-grow-nuclear-programs-un/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.958052 | 499 | 2.015625 | 2 |
- English language
This course is about cytology, it is fast-paced course only focusing on the main aim of cytology and includes some basic knowledge.
The course is made through power point presentations.
I gathered the knowledge through my textbooks and searching online.
I will be linking the reference points in a word document.
I did this course in order to give simple knowledge about cytology for a short amount of time.
Yes I know I should " activate windows"
Hope you enjoy it!!
Who this course is for:
- Primary and High school students
- University Students
I am a High School student who has a generic smile ( you can see that on my photo)
I try to help students as much as I can, providing them with knowledge that I have acquired throughout my life.
I am planning to become a Medicine Student and later on a successful Physician. | <urn:uuid:e5be17ac-365f-45db-9d0b-6ed40116464c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.udemy.com/course/basics-of-cytology/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.955284 | 197 | 2.453125 | 2 |
IJCRR - Vol 06 Issue 09, May, 2014
CURRENT SCENARIO OF PHARMACOVIGILANCE AMONGST THE HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS WORKING IN A TEACHING HOSPITAL IN RAJASTHAN
Author: Neha Sharma, Manjula Bhargava, Ajitesh Kumar Mishra, Rahul Parakh Dhruva Sharma Dhirendra Mahawar
Aim: The concept of Pharmacovigilance has been given to keep a watch on ADRs. The science and the activities which relate to the detection, assessment, understanding and the prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems is referred to as Pharmacovigilance.Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) have a major impact on public health as they are associated with significant morbidity and mortality .Healthcare professionals are one of the important pillars of an efficient Pharmacovigilance system because of their contribution in the form of spontaneous reporting.The objective of this study is to assess the awareness of Pharmacovigilance amongst the health care professionals working in NIMS medical college and hospital, Jaipur, India. Methodology: An anonymous questionnaire based survey for health care professionals working in NIMS Hospital, Jaipur was conducted after getting approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee. A structured validated questionnaire consisting of thirteen questions was distributed amongst doctors and residents of all the departments during a single visit to the NIMS Hospital. Results: 150 questionnaires were distributed amongst the doctors of NIMS Hospital after brief description about the study out of which 96 forms were included for evaluation .Hence response rate was 64% (96/150). In our study 66.66 % respondents were males and 33.34% were females. We found that 96% respondents were having knowledge that Pharmacovigilance deals with ADRs and 41.5% respondents had knowledge about the phases of clinical trial and knew that Pharmacovigilance is done in Phase IVof clinical trial. To our surprise only 21% doctors were of the view that all the physicians, dentists, nurses, physiotherapists and even pharmacists can report ADR. Interestingly only 36% doctors were aware of the fact that events related to allopathic drugs, herbal medicines, vaccines and blood products can be reported but maximum doctors thought that only allopathic drug ADRs should be reported. Interestingly 87.5% responders were aware of the National Pharmacovigilance Centre in India but only 16.7% actually reported suspected ADRs to any ADR Reporting centre. Conclusion: To conclude poor knowledge of Pharmacovigilance and underreporting of ADRs in a developing country like India is a matter of great concern and needs prompt intervention.
Keywords: ADR, Pharmacovigilance, Reporting
Neha Sharma, Manjula Bhargava, Ajitesh Kumar Mishra, Rahul Parakh Dhruva Sharma Dhirendra Mahawar. CURRENT SCENARIO OF PHARMACOVIGILANCE AMONGST THE HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS WORKING IN A TEACHING HOSPITAL IN RAJASTHAN International Journal of Current Research and Review. Vol 06 Issue 09, May, 93-98
1. Hardeep, JagminderKaur Bajaj, Kumar Rakesh. A survey on the knowledge , attitude and practice of pharmacovigilance among health care professionals in a teaching hospital in North India.JClinDiagn Res. Jan 2013; 7(1): 97–99.
2. The World Health Organization. Safety of medicines: A guide to detecting and reporting adverse drug reactions. Geneva: 2002. WHO/EDM/QSM/2002 2.
3. Pimpalkhute SA, Jaiswal KM, SontakkeSD.Evaluation of awareness about pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reaction monitoring in resident doctors of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Indian J Med Sci. 2012 Mar-Apr;66(3-4):55-61.
4. Sanghavi DR, Dhande PP, Pandit VA. Perception of pharmacovigilance among doctors in a tertiary care hospital: influence of an interventional lecture. Int J Risk Saf Med. 2013;25(4):197-204.
5. Avery AJ, Anderson C, Bond CM. Evaluation of patient reporting of adverse drug reactions to the UK 'Yellow Card Scheme': literature review, descriptive and qualitative analyses, and questionnaire surveys.Health Technol Assess. 2011 May;15(20):1-234
6. Dr. PankajGupta,Dr. AadityaUdupa. Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting and Pharmacovigilance:Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions amongst Resident Doctors.J. Pharm. Sci. and Res. Vol.3(2), 2011,1064-1069
7. Khan SA, Goyal C, Chandel N. Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of doctors to adverse drug reaction reporting in a teaching hospital in India: An observational study. J Nat ScBiol Med 2013;4:191-6
8. SubishPalaian, Mohamed I. Ibrahim, Pranaya Mishra. Health professionals' knowledge, attitude and practices towards pharmacovigilance in Nepal. Pharm Pract (Granada). 2011 Oct-Dec; 9(4): 228–235.
9. Oshikoya KA, AwobusuyiJO.Perceptions of doctors to adverse drug reaction reporting in a teaching hospital in Lagos, Nigeria. BMC ClinPharmacol. 2009 Aug 11;9:14.
10. Oreagba IA, Ogunleye OJ, OlayemiSOThe knowledge, perceptions and practice of pharmacovigilance amongst community pharmacists in Lagos state, south west Nigeria. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2011 Jan;20(1):30-5.
11. Chopra D, Wardhan N, Rehan HS. Knowledge, attitude and practices associated with adverse drug reaction reporting amongst doctors in a teaching hospital. Int J Risk Saf Med. 2011;23(4):227-32.
12. Desai CK, Iyer G, Panchal J. An evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and practice of adverse drug reaction reporting among prescribers at a tertiary care hospital. PerspectClin Res. 2011 Oct;2(4):129-36.
13. Santosh KC, Tragulpiankit P, Gorsanan S. Attitudes among healthcare professionals to the reporting of adverse drug reactions in Nepal. BMC PharmacolToxicol. 2013 Mar 8;14:16.
14. Ahmad A, Patel I, Balkrishnan R. An evaluation of knowledge, attitude and practice of Indian pharmacists towards adverse drug reaction reporting: A pilot study. PerspectClin Res. 2013 Oct;4(4):204-10.
15. Vessal G, Mardani Z, Mollai M. Knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of pharmacists to adverse drug reaction reporting in Iran. Pharm World Sci. 2009 Apr;31(2):183-7.
16. Li Q, Zhang SM, Chen HT. Study on the knowledge and attitude to adverse drug reactions reporting among healthcare professionals in Wuhan city. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing XueZaZhi. 2004 Oct;25(10):894-7.
17. Sweis D, Wong IC. A survey on factors that could affect adverse drug reaction reporting according to hospital pharmacists in Great Britain. Drug Saf. 2000 Aug;23(2):165-72. | <urn:uuid:aec95ffa-0c7f-4acf-9194-b8aa35f93ad7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=888 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.884429 | 1,603 | 2.046875 | 2 |
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Be You & Become a Better Writer: Poetry Writing, FLEX Class
Intro to Poetry (Group Option) - Learn and Write
In this 6-lesson course, students will receive instruction on beginning poetry concepts in a small group. Please see the full description for topics, prerequisites, and more detail.
Miss Lisa; M.Ed.
26 total reviews for this teacher
1 review for this class
Completed by 4 learners
There are no upcoming classes.
Once per week
over 6 weeks
learners per class
per learner - per class
How does a “Multi-Day” course work?
Meets multiple times at scheduled times
Live video chats, recorded and monitored for safety and quality
Discussions via classroom forum and private messages with the teacher
Great for engaging projects and interacting with diverse classmates from other states and countries
How Outschool Works
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You can request another time or scroll down to find more classes like this.
Welcome! This course section is similar to the 1:1 poetry course that I offer. However, this GROUP course is best designed for those not seeking individualized instruction and support. This course must have at least 2 enrolled in order for it to be run. Through live and interactive video chat, learners will participate in this 6-lesson course to receive instruction on beginning poetry concepts and styles. Utilizing the concepts taught in this course each learner will create their own...
Learners will learn about poetry concepts and styles to apply to their personal reading and writing.
Students may be asked to finish poetry if not finished during class. They may also be encouraged to create another piece and share it at the beginning of the next class. This is not required but strongly encouraged.
Bring blank lined paper (or a notebook) to each class, and a pencil with an eraser. If time permits, the student may add color or a picture to accompany the created poem(s), and may wish to bring coloring materials.
30 minutes per week in class, and an estimated 0 - 1 hours per week outside of class.
Your learner may need assistance with spelling, ideas, sentence structure, etc when creating or finishing up their own original poetry outside of the class. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ For this class: Your learner must be at least an intermediate reader, capable of reading 3rd grade level sight words, sentences, and text. Your learner must also be capable of short writing tasks at their grade level capacity; be able to visually copy and transfer text from screen to paper; and can follow organizational practices as guided by the teacher, to set up poetry frameworks. This course consists of 6 lessons, which may take place weekly, biweekly, daily, or on a hybrid schedule. Please see the list of dates of the course section that you sign up for, to ensure that it works with your personal schedule. The course outline: (subject to change in level of difficulty and expansion due to group needs) 1) Acrostic: Create poetry using your name. 2) Synonym Diamante: Create poetry while learning about adjectives, synonyms, and "ing" verbs. 3) Couplets: Create 2-lined poetry while learning about rhyme. 4) Haiku: Create 3-lined structured poetry, while learning about syllables. 5) Cinquain: Create 5-lined structured poetry, utilizing concepts learned in the previous classes. 6) Concrete Poetry: Create a creative piece of poetry that takes on the shape of the topic of interest. (ex. Student may write a piece about cats and the poem itself is in the shape of a cat.)
Miss Lisa; M.Ed.
🇺🇸Lives in the United States
26 total reviews
42 completed classes
Hello! My name is Miss Lisa. I am a mom of 1 amazing teenager, who also happens to be a 3-time local and 1-time regional spelling bee champ! I also have three fur babies - a spunky miniature dachshund dog (Dexter), an adventurous and... | <urn:uuid:37178f72-201e-4ff2-b9e6-260d865cc0b6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://outschool.com/classes/intro-to-poetry-group-option-learn-and-write-8JQ108Wh | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.896803 | 1,060 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Manchester-based ‘Bentley’ clothing’s recent trade mark victory over the world famous Bentley Motors has attracted much press attention as a David and Goliath story. We consider the implications for brand owners.
The Bentley clothing company (‘Bentley Clothing’) was established in 1962 and sold “British sportswear for ladies and gentlemen” bearing the Bentley name. It has no connection to the luxury car maker. Bentley Motors also sold clothing and headgear, which featured its B-wings device, and Bentley Clothing had no objection to this. However, it objected to the use of this device in combination with the name BENTLEY. This, it argued, constituted infringement of its own registered trade marks for the word BENTLEY.
Victory for Bentley clothing
Finding for the Manchester company, Judge Hacon, sitting in the High Court, held that Bentley Motors’ use of BENTLEY infringed the clothing company’s trade marks. He found that consumers were likely to perceive the word BENTLEY as separate from the wings device, so that there was clear use of the word BENTLEY on its own and clear infringement. He added that even if consumers were to regard the wings and name together as one composite logo, there would still be infringement, because there was still a likelihood that consumers would be confused into believing that there was a business connection with Bentley Clothing. This second point will be relevant if on appeal the court were to decide that the public were likely to perceive it as a composite logo.
Peaceful co-existence or Grandmother’s footsteps
In its defence Bentley Motors argued, among other things, that the two companies’ ‘Bentley’ branding had co-existed in the market place for at least nine years without any actual confusion having come to light, each having goodwill in their respective clothing businesses. In these circumstances, they said, the defence of ‘honest concurrent use’ was available to them. This defence previously existed under English law and was established in EU law by the European Court of Justice in the case of the Budweiser/Budvar and would have allowed Bentley to continue to use the Bentley name as they had been doing. The key reason why Bentley Motors did not succeed in this argument, however, was the judge’s view that it had been using a trade mark strategy known as ‘grandmother’s footsteps’. It had made a conscious decision to develop the use of BENTLEY in relation to clothing and headgear, increasing the prominence of the sign in incremental stages, hoping that no one step would provoke a reaction from Bentley Clothing. Ultimately, the aim was to “extinguish Bentley Clothing’s right altogether”. This, the judge held, was not ‘honest’. Bentley Motors is reported to have said it will appeal.
Implications of the case
Expansion of luxury brands into accessories such as clothing and hats as well as many other types of goods is not unusual and may be regarded as a natural part of building the brand. The existence of the smaller, but certainly not unknown, Bentley clothing brand proved to be a fly in the ointment in this case. The evidence suggested that the two brands had initially developed quite independently and that the car maker did not know about Bentley clothing until the smaller company approached them in 1998 to offer them a licence. However, from this point the car maker is alleged to have ‘strung them along’ while taking steps to increase its own use of the name Bentley on clothing and headgear. The decision emphasises the importance of carrying out early trade mark clearance searches and trying to negotiate a settlement if there are competing marks.
[i] Bentley 1962 Ltd, Brandlogic Ltd v Bentley Motors Ltd EWHC 01.11.19 | <urn:uuid:3c1f7260-a5a6-4566-adb8-51990945dd46> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stevens-bolton.com/site/insights/articles/small-manchester-clothing-firm-prevails-against-bentley-motors | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.975453 | 801 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Magic Johnson is a former NBA player and the former president of basketball operations for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA).
Johnson, who spent 13 seasons with the Lakers and was named one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History in 1996, is widely considered as the greatest point guard of all time.
We have collected a list of best quotes from Magic Johnson for you.
Best Magic Johnson Quotes
1. “In life, winning and losing will both happen. What is never acceptable is quitting.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
2. “All kids need is a little help, a little hope and somebody who believes in them.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
3. “I am a businessman. This is what I do each and every day. I love it. I love coming to work. I never have a bad day.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
4. “When you face a crisis, you know who your true friends are.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
5. “Talent is never enough. With few exceptions the best players are the hardest workers.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
6. “HIV changed my life, but it doesn’t keep me from living.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
7. “You’re the only one who can make the difference. Whatever your dream is, go for it.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
8. “If you want someone to be your mentor, you better be ready to listen and be humbled.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
9. “Young people want you to be real with them.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
Popular Magic Johnson Quotes
10. “I grew up poor, but I didn’t have poor dreams.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
11. “For me, it always goes back to something I learned in basketball. There’s winning and there’s losing, and in life you have to know they both will happen. But what’s never been acceptable to me is quitting.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
12. “Just celebrate the life you had, not the life you could’ve had.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
13. “A woman always remembers. Remember that.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
14. “Even as a fierce competitor I try to smile.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
15. “Larry, you only told me one lie. You said there will be another Larry Bird. Larry, there will never, ever be another Larry Bird.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
16. “I strive on pressure.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
17. “Don’t give up! Be friends with people who help you work hard.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
18. “I’m a big believer in dreaming. If you don’t dream it, you can’t become it.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
19. “On the best tactic when playing alongside Kareem Abdul-Jabbar- Just give him the ball.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
20. “Everybody on a championship team doesn’t get publicity, but everyone can say he’s a champion.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
21. “To me, everything is wonderful. Life is wonderful.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
22. “When you are a successful business person, you are only as good as your team. No one can do every deal alone.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
23. “It’s almost like we have ESPN.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
24. “I love coming to work. I never have a bad day.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
Top Magic Johnson Quotes
25. “God blessed me with two unbelievable parents, and I am just like both of them. I have the smile and charisma of my mother and the big heart of my mom, because she wants to save the world and help the world, so I am just like her.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
26. “You can’t get AIDS from a hug or a handshake or a meal with a friend.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
27. “I want to be here for a long time, so I am going to do everything I have to do to be here.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
28. “When I’m under the gun and I’ve got pressure on me, I don’t panic. I look for the right solution, and then I go for it.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
29. “When you are honest and open with young people, they let you in.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
30. “My father is my idol, so I always did everything like him. He used to work two jobs and still come home happy every night.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
31. “Research your idea. See if there’s a demand. A lot of people have great ideas, but they don’t know if there’s a need for it. You also have to research your competition.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
Famous Magic Johnson Quotes
32. “If the community is happy, then they support your business and if your business is doing well, then you can give back even more to the community.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
33. “They said playing basketball would kill me. Well, not playing basketball was killing me.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
34. “If people around you aren’t going anywhere, if their dreams are no bigger than hanging out on the corner, or if they’re dragging you down, get rid of them.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
35. “I enjoy being the messenger for God in terms of letting people know about HIV and AIDS.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
36. “A lot of black guys always ask me, ‘Did Larry Bird really play that good?’ I said, ‘Larry Bird is so good it’s frightening.’” ~ (Magic Johnson).
37. “Once Michael gets up there he says, ‘Well, maybe I’ll just hang up here in the air for a while, just sit back.’ Then all of a sudden, he says, ‘Well, maybe I’ll 360. No I changed my mind. I’ll go up on the other side.’ He’s just incredible.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
38. “I only know how to play two ways: reckless and abandon.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
39. “It’s a burden trying to keep a secret. It’s hard. It probably takes more out of you trying to hold it and keep it than it does for you to really let it out.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
40. “A competent and self-confident person is incapable of jealousy in anything. Jealousy is invariably a symptom. Just like right now with the whole mortgage crisis, I want to help people get back into their homes.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
41. “People don’t stop eating, and they don’t stop drinking coffee.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
Short Magic Johnson Quotes
42. “I’m at peace with myself. The main thing is not letting people dictate what I do or what I am.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
43. “My diet is mostly chicken and fish. I make sure I get a lot of vegetables, a lot of fruit. I am a big fruit man, I am a vegetable man anyway. And I also get a lot of rest. That’s the key I may be up early, but I’m in bed early too.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
44. “I tell you, it’s funny because the only time I think about HIV is when I have to take my medicine twice a day.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
45. “As an athlete, I understood the value of my health insurance. I knew that in my profession, injuries were common and could happen at any time.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
46. “If you hate to lose, you do whatever you need to do to make sure your business is successful.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
47. “I was around when my father finished the last payment of his house. I remember like it was yesterday. He had worked all those years to own that house and he cried. He was so excited and so happy and I want to see other people get that feeling, too.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
48. “The important thing is this, just because I’m doing well doesn’t mean that they’re going to do well if they get HIV. A lot of people have died since I have announced. This disease is not going anywhere.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
49. “Most people who are healthy, and I’m healthy, can’t even live my life. Trust me. I get up 530-6 every morning. I’m in the gym. I run a couple miles. I lift weights, and then I’m at work until 8-9 o’clock at night.” ~ (Magic Johnson).
50. “You know I was a shy guy and people didn’t know that and still don’t know it today. I’m sure basketball brought my shyness out because of the fact that you have to do interviews, and that people are always talking to you in terms of the fans and everything.” ~ (Magic Johnson). | <urn:uuid:6a9867a9-9704-4059-b22c-1188f74d4c33> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.internetpillar.com/magic-johnson-quotes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.95563 | 2,141 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Recent scholarship on Cicero’s philosophica and rhetorica has increasingly helped us understand why Cicero was so committed to adding Greek doctrinae to the Roman “cultural arsenal,” as well as the strategies he pursued to make this technical knowledge suitable territory for a Roman aristocrat’s intellectual conquest (philosophica: Gildenhard 2007; Baraz 2012 (quote from 97); rhetorica: Dugan 2005). Of course, not all of Cicero’s works have yet been accounted for from this perspective. In particular, despite the general resurgence of interest in Cicero’s rhetorical works (e.g., Narducci 1997; Arweiler 2003; Fantham 2004), Cicero’s earliest foray into rendering Greek technical knowledge for a Roman audience, his youthful de Inventione, has failed to attract much recent attention (though see, e.g., Corbeill 2002; Kastely 2002; Connolly 2007, 65–76). In this paper I argue that in the first preface of de Inventione (1.1–5) Cicero negotiates Roman anxieties over expending effort on originally Greek technical subjects and provides an argument for rhetoric’s place at Rome.
A unifying theme in Cicero’s argument in Inv. 1.1–5 is the utility of rhetoric for the Roman aristocracy and for the Republic, with the consistent proviso that rhetoric requires moral guidance, provided by philosophy. Throughout the preface Cicero works carefully, however, to discuss his topic in domestic terms, and he thereby tries to avoid exposing the foreignness of this subject. Here we find, above all, the terms eloquentia (12x in Inv. 1.1–5) and sapientia—and not, e.g., ars rhetorica and philosophia. Cicero’s argument for rhetoric’s utility for Rome is, at the same time, his answer to the debate between philosophers and rhetoricians on the utilitas of their disciplines, well known from other sources (cf., e.g., Phld. Rh., 2: 154–55 Sudhaus; S. E. M. 2.31–42; Brittain 2001, 298–312, esp. 300). With this union intact, Cicero argues, rhetoric is a perfect discipline for Rome. Armed with eloquentia, the utilissimus civis has the means to effectively fight for commoda patriae (1.1). Cicero’s anthropology (1.2) demonstrates that rhetoric’s role to create civic advantages is a part of its very origins: it called together humankind and led them in unam quamque rem… utilem atque honestam, and provided the sustaining civic ideology that taught humanity to embrace fides, iustitia, and the conviction later expressed as dulce et decorum est pro patria mori. In war and peace, rhetoric was exercised cum summis hominum utilitatibus (1.3). Further, Roman maiores—Cato, Laelius, Scipio, the Gracchi—sanction the pursuit of eloquentia, through which they were able to buttress their own virtus and auctoritas (1.5). And Cicero’s concluding laudes eloquentiae (Victorin. Comm. Rhet. p. 22.2–3) further enumerate the personal and public advantages that rhetoric produces: rhetoric has the power to make life tuta, honesta, illustris, and iucunda, to provide commoda for the Republic, and to secure laus, honos, and dignitas for the man that can master it. Ad summam: the Greek discipline is shown to be an ideal pursuit for the Roman aristocracy, and, in Cicero’s vision, rhetoric fits perfectly within the values that supported the political culture of the Republic.
This paper thus offers a new and relevant reading of a passage that hitherto attracted scholarly attention largely in the context of Quellenforschung (e.g., Philippson 1886, 417–18 (Posidonius); Pohlenz 1913, 4 (Philo of Larissa); Solmsen 1932, 151–54 (Isocrates); Barwick 1963, 24–25 (Isocrates and ?); Lévy 1995, 159–61 (Philo of Larissa); Grilli 1997, 174 (Isocrates and Posidonius); cf. Brink 1963–82 on Hor. Ars 391–407 (= 2:384–86) for the broader background)—despite calls to move on over 40 years ago (Douglas 1973, 95–102; cf. Craig 2002, 511). Rather than investigating how Greek Cicero’s arguments are in Inv. 1.1–5, the present paper, in contrast, highlights just how Roman Cicero makes his topic.
Identity and Ethnicity | <urn:uuid:e119dad0-89b8-4e9f-b48d-034f15b8befe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://classicalstudies.org/annual-meeting/147/abstract/making-rhetoric-roman-first-preface-cicero%E2%80%99s-de-inventione-11%E2%80%935 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.872259 | 1,048 | 2.1875 | 2 |
The study, involving a cohort of 268 men with prostate cancer who had no other treatment options, found that more than 30% were alive 1 full year after being administered a new immunotherapy medication, Keytruda (generic: pembrolizumab).
More than one in 10 men had not seen their prostate cancer grow over the course of the trial, and the researchers are now trying to determine what factors allow some men to benefit more than others.
About 1 in 9 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer at some time in their life, according to the American Cancer Society (ACS). The 1-year survival rate for men diagnosed with late-stage prostate cancer is 75%, which drops to roughly 25% at 5 years, ACS said.
Immunotherapy is designed to use a patient’s own immune system to fight a disease. This is done by stimulating the immune system to work more effectively in fighting off tumors, and by administering immune system components, such as man-made proteins.
“Our study has found that immunotherapy can benefit a subset of men with advanced, otherwise untreatable prostate cancer, and these are most likely to include patients who have specific DNA repair mutations within their tumors,” said Paul Workman, chief executive of ICR.
More clinical trials are needed to determine whether Keytruda could be a widely-used treatment option for men with late-stage prostate cancer. | <urn:uuid:6a7f0750-006d-4a35-8d53-8c787657da23> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dailyhornet.com/2018/untreatable-prostate-cancer-halted-by-new-drug-in-clinical-trials/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.966949 | 295 | 2.609375 | 3 |
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Uncertainty has prevailed in the red meat sector since the Brexit vote in 2016. The UK accounted for $560million worth of the sector's exports, dominated by sheepmeat which represented 85% of that total.
In a joint statement with Beef + Lamb, Meat Industry Association chief executive Tim Ritchie said the signing of the agreement, together with recent advice from the UK about the acceptance of EU health certificates post-March 29, meant the sector was assured existing regulations would remain the same.
That would help alleviate some of the immediate concerns held by exporters, Mr Ritchie said.
The veterinary agreement was key to New Zealand's sheep and beef exports to Europe as it established the principle of equivalence of sanitary measures and had reduced many potential trade irritants.
It had improved communication and co-operation on sanitary measures and had streamlined requirements to enable trade. The same would now apply to the UK.
The UK was an important market for New Zealand high-value chilled lamb exports and Brexit fell at a critical time of Easter trade, Mr Ritchie said.
It was important all steps were taken to secure continuity and stability for exporters through the Brexit process, he said.
Other aspects of the trade relationship still needed clarification, including around animal welfare standards recognition and ongoing documentation requirements.
"While we still need to work to get clarity around how our quota rights will be recognised, we support Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern's statement that New Zealand should not be left worse off as a result of Brexit - with our top priority being continuity and stability which is in everyone's interest, including the UK's," Mr McIvor said.
Silver Fern Farms' latest update to suppliers said UK authorities would be accepting consignments which had EU certification and documentation for a period ending six months beyond the Brexit date and would not be instigating additional custom checks at border ports.
That gave the company confidence that product would flow into the UK as usual, which should minimise disruption to chilled arrivals for Easter.
It was still expected product flowing from the UK into the EU would face new certification and documentation, as well as tariffs added to the majority of products.
While that situation was yet to crystallise, it was expected the changes to British lamb would affect market supply and demand dynamics.
One possibble outcome could be that domestic lamb remained on the UK market to compete with New Zealand imports. That could create price tension, driving returns lower.
On the flipside, the lack of product flowing from the UK into the EU - its major market - might create opportunities for New Zealand to supply, although the five-week shipping time made it less able to react with speed to short lead-in times from customers.
Yesterday, Alliance Group's general manager livestock and shareholder services Heather Stacy said it was a "bit quiet" on the lamb front.
Farmers had experienced excellent grass growth, with a subsequent loss in pasture quality, and lambs were not doing so well.
The Easter chilled programme started on January 28 and the company was looking at lamb flows to ensure it was able to get the volumes required while also meeting specifications.
The volume of ewes was lower than normal but there was possibly a rebuilding of capital stock. There was still strong demand for mutton, she said.
As for Brexit, there was already some softening in customer demand in the UK. If the UK could not export lamb to the EU, it would either keep it at home or put it on the global market, Ms Stacy said. | <urn:uuid:7c1fc4fc-6173-41e4-8954-7f312be6ecfd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.odt.co.nz/rural-life/red-meat/uk-agreement-ensures-status-quo-exporters | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.97755 | 742 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Following is recent OPM guidance on the impact of the health care reform law on FEHB and certain other benefits.
What Are the Changes to FEHB Program Dependent Eligibility Rules Under the ACA?
All changes are effective on January 1, 2011
Children Effect of ACA
Between ages 22 and 26 Children between the ages of 22 and 26 are covered under their parent’s Self and Family enrollment up to age 26.
Married Children Married children (but NOT their spouse or their own children) are covered up to age 26. This is true even if the child is currently under age 22.
Children with or eligible for employer-provided health insurance Children who are eligible for or have their own employer-provided health insurance are eligible for coverage up to age 26.
Stepchildren Stepchildren do not need to live with the enrollee in a parent–child relationship to be eligible for coverage up to age 26.
Children Incapable of Self-Support Children who are incapable of self-support because of a mental or physical disability that began before age 26 are eligible to continue coverage. Contact your human resources office or retirement system for additional information.
Foster Children Foster children are eligible for coverage up to age 26.
Children do not have to live with their parent, be financially dependent upon their parent or be students to be covered up to age 26. There is also no requirement that the child have prior or current insurance coverage. FEHB Program plans will send notice to all their enrollees of the coverage eligibility changes as a part of that plan’s Open Season communications.
In cases where children have employer-provided health insurance and are covered under their parent’s Self and Family enrollment, the children’s employer-provided health insurance will be the primary payer. FEHB will be the secondary payer.
How Do I Add a Newly Eligible Child To My Enrollment?
What you must do:
.. If you currently have a Self and Family enrollment and you do not change to another health plan or option during Open Season, contact your FEHB plan and give them information on your newly eligible child. Do not complete an SF 2809, Health Benefits Election Form, or enter dependent information in your agency’s self-service enrollment system to add your child to an existing Self and Family enrollment. Your child’s will be covered on January 1, 2011.
.. If you currently have a Self Only enrollment and you have newly eligible children, you must change your enrollment from Self Only to Self and Family if you want your children to be covered. You must use an SF 2809 or an agency self-service enrollment system to make this change.
.. If you are not currently enrolled and you want FEHB coverage since your children are now eligible, you must enroll for Self and Family coverage to provide coverage for your children. You must use an SF 2809 or an agency self-service enrollment system to make this change.
Important: If you are enrolling or changing your enrollment, be sure to include all children up to age 26 when completing your SF 2809 or using your agency’s self-service enrollment system.
How can I enroll or change my enrollment so that my child is covered January 1st?
Be aware: The effective date of coverage for your newly eligible children depends upon the event used to enroll or change enrollment.
If you are an employee who gets paid biweekly (this applies to most Federal employees) or you are an Office of Workers’ Compensation (OWCP) recipient, and you want you child covered on January 1, 2011, then you must enroll or change your enrollment as a “change in family status” –qualifying life event (QLE). The qualifying life event code to use on the SF 2809 is ‘1C’ for employees and ‘2B’ for OWCP recipients.
You may change your enrollment from 31 days before to 60 days after January 1, 2011. Your change to Self and Family will take effect on the first day of the pay period that includes January 1, 2011. Your child will be covered on January 1, 2011. If you make your QLE change after January 1st, your child will be covered retroactively to January 1, 2011 and you will pay retroactive premiums back to the effective date of the enrollment or change.
If you enroll or change your enrollment as an Open Season change, it will take effect on the first day of the first pay period that begins in 2011. For most employees, this will be January 2, 2011.
For the Office of Workers’ Compensation, this will be January 16, 2011. For a few other
agencies, the date may be different.
For United States Postal Service employees, CSRS/FERS annuitants, Temporary Continuation of Coverage (TCC) enrollees and former spouses, an enrollment or change in enrollment made either as a “change in family status” QLE or as an Open Season change will provide coverage of eligible children on January 1, 2011. This is also true for other agencies and other retirement systems with a pay period that begins on January 1, 2011.
If you have a Self Only enrollment and would like your newly eligible child to be covered, you must change to a Self and Family enrollment. If you do not change to a Self and Family enrollment as a “change in family status” QLE or an Open Season change then your child will not be covered.
How Does This Affect Eligibility For Temporary Continuation of Coverage (TCC)?
Children who lose coverage due to reaching age 26 are eligible for TCC for up to 36 months even if they previously had TCC.
If you are a child of an FEHB enrollee and you are now enrolled under Temporary Continuation of Coverage (TCC), you may no longer need your TCC enrollment since you will be covered under your parent’s Self and Family enrollment. Once you are assured of coverage under your parent’s Self and Family enrollment, you may want to cancel your TCC enrollment. To cancel your TCC, contact the National Finance Center at:
USDA, National Finance Center
DPRS Billing Unit
PO Box 61760
New Orleans, LA 70161-1760
If you have additional questions, please contact the National Finance Center at 800-242-9630 or email@example.com.
What is a Grandfathered Health Plan Under ACA?
The Affordable Care Act requires that health plans include certain consumer protections and benefits coverage that affect some FEHB plan benefits for 2011. All plans in the FEHB Program have complied with all required provisions. However, certain protections and coverage terms depend upon whether the plan is considered a “grandfathered health plan” under the Act.
A grandfathered health plan may preserve basic health coverage that was in effect when the law was enacted. If an FEHB plan indicates that it is a grandfathered plan that means certain benefit features including cost sharing, premium payments and covered services have not significantly changed from last year.
While grandfathered health plans must comply with certain benefit requirements under the ACA, being a grandfathered plan also means that plan may not have included all benefit protections and coverage terms that apply to other plans. Information on a plan’s specific benefit changes under the ACA will be available in the plan’s brochure.
How Does the ACA Affect Benefits for High Deductible Health Plans?
Beginning January 1, 2011, currently eligible over-the-counter (OTC) products that are medicines or drugs will not be eligible for reimbursement from your Health Savings Account (HSA) or your Health Reimbursement Arrangement (HRA) – unless – you have a prescription for that item written by your physician. The only exception is insulin – you will not need a prescription from January 1, 2011 forward.
Other currently eligible OTC items that are not medicines or drugs will not require a prescription.
Effective January 1, 2011, the 10% penalty for non-eligible medical expenses paid from an HSA will increase to 20%.
How Does the ACA Affect FSAFEDS?
Coverage of Over-the-Counter Medicines or Drugs
Beginning January 1, 2011, currently eligible over-the-counter (OTC) products that are medicines or drugs will not be eligible for reimbursement from your Health Care FSA – unless – you have a prescription for that item written by your physician. The only exception is insulin – you will not need a prescription. Other currently eligible OTC items that are not medicines or drugs will not require a prescription
You will only be reimbursed for eligible OTC medicines and drugs purchased before January 1, 2011, and you must submit your claim on or before April 30, 2011.
Expanded Coverage for Your Child’s Eligible Health Care Expenses
Beginning January 1, 2011, an employee enrolled in FSAFEDS may request reimbursement for eligible health care expenses incurred by a natural child, stepchild, adopted child, eligible foster child, or a child who is placed with the employee for legal adoption. The child does not need to reside with the employee or qualify as the employee’s tax dependent. Prior to January 1, 2011, eligible children were limited to those who you could claim as dependent(s) on your Federal Tax return.
The ACA has also extended the age of a child who may incur eligible expenses under an employee’s Health Care FSA. Expenses of an employee’s child are covered through the taxable year prior to the taxable year in which the child turns age 27. This means the child’s health care expenses are not eligible for reimbursement during the entire taxable year in which the child turns age 27. For example, enrollees cannot be reimbursed for expenses incurred by a child who turns 27 anytime in 2011.
The ACA does not affect Dependent Care FSAs.
Need more information? Call FSAFEDS at 1-877-372-3337/ TTY 1-800-952-0450.
Other Federal Benefits Programs
Other Federal benefits programs are not affected by the Affordable Care Act for 2011. The Act has made no changes to the Federal Employees Dental and Vision Insurance Program (FEDVIP), the Federal Employees’ Group Life Insurance Program (FEGLI) or the Federal Long Term Care Insurance Program (FLTCIP). Health care reform does not extend coverage for children until age 26 or provide coverage for married dependent children under these programs. | <urn:uuid:2618addf-1c2e-4c60-be3d-443ef0233ed1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fedweek.com/issue-briefs/guidance-addresses-health-insurance-changes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.94851 | 2,194 | 1.703125 | 2 |
To stay safe amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, Americans are advised to stay quarantined, and that means millions of people no longer visiting restaurants. Because of this, many restaurateurs are adapting to this era of “social distancing” by offering delivery to local patrons. While this may be an excellent way to stay afloat during this challenging time, it also comes with its own set of risks to the business owner. If you’ve recently added a delivery service to your restaurant, you need to consider commercial auto insurance and other types of coverage for delivery drivers.
What Are the Risks of Offering Delivery?
Introducing a delivery service to your business makes you responsible for the safety of the driver and any damage they cause on the road. For example, if a driver causes an accident, it’s your name on the delivery vehicle and the responsibility falls to you, the owner.
This responsibility applies whether the vehicle is owned by you, or is an independent driver working for the company you own. It’s crucial to know which type of coverage applies to your unique circumstances.
Two Primary Options for Food Delivery Coverage
Before purchasing insurance, it’s crucial to understand the differences so you only get what you need. Your coverage will differ depending on if the vehicles are owned by you or if you have independent drivers using their own vehicles.
Consider these two types of coverage that cover delivery drivers in different situations:
Commercial Auto Insurance
Many businesses choose to brand their own fleet of vehicles that they use for deliveries, and commercial auto insurance will cover a wide range of accidents involving these vehicles. With this type of insurance, only the cars you own are covered—not personal vehicles.
The span of coverage provided by commercial auto insurance includes the following:
- Protection to compensate for damage to the vehicle
- Any costs involving medical injuries that occurred in a company vehicle
- Property damage caused by an accident related to the vehicle
- Legal expenses related to accidents caused by your driver
To decide whether you need commercial auto insurance or another type of insurance, simply determine whether your company owns the vehicles you use or if personal vehicles are used instead. If the latter is true, then you may need hired and non-owned auto insurance.
Hired and Non-Owned Auto Insurance
If your company allows drivers to use vehicles that are personally owned rather than owned by the business, the appropriate type of coverage is hired and non-owned auto insurance. This type of insurance also covers vehicles that are leased or rented.
If you have questions related to which type of insurance you need for your delivery service, our agents at King Street Agency can help you make the right choice.
Should Self-Employed Drivers Get Commercial Auto Insurance?
It’s not just restaurant owners that should invest in commercial auto coverage—drivers for companies like Uber Eats that require people to use their personal vehicles may need it as well.
In this situation, personal auto insurance may not be enough. If the driver gets into an accident but it’s discovered that they use the vehicle for delivering food or other work purposes, a personal auto claim may be denied.
Therefore, if you’re an independent driver using your personal vehicle for work purposes, the only way to be safe is to purchase commercial auto coverage.
It may be an easy detail to overlook, but purchasing the wrong type of auto coverage can cost you down the line. If a wreck, fender-bender, or other accident occurs, only the right type of coverage will prevent thousands of dollars in expenses and court fees.
Find the Right Type of Auto Coverage at King Street Agency
Adding a delivery service to your restaurant may be a smart decision in this trying time. But anytime vehicles are involved, there’s the potential for accidents. Luckily, we have the coverage you need to make sure your vehicles and business are protected, including commercial auto insurance and other types of coverage for delivery drivers. Contact us today to schedule an appointment with our friendly agents. We know the needs of Charleston entrepreneurs well and take pride in serving the local community. | <urn:uuid:9db7198b-10ae-438b-9aa5-49da4591bb19> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ksa-insurance.com/blog/commercial-auto-insurance-delivery-drivers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.946348 | 840 | 1.5 | 2 |
The volume deepens understanding on the theory and practice of feminist evaluation highlighting the importance and relevance of connectedness while intervening the inequitable systems & social norms. Authors : Rajib Nandi & Ratna M. Sudarshan
"This is a great platform to learn more about Gender and Evaluation. I follow most of the webinars and training facilitated through this platform. These are good opportunities for networking with professionals with same interests. Thank you for…"
Dear Colleagues,The Strengthening Community Ownership in Evaluation Theme Group that is part of the Asia Pacific Regional Strategy invites you to join the theme’s latest advocacy drive, the #EachOneTeachOne campaign launching online on 06 July 2022 at 6 pm IST organized by APEA, APC Hub, and #Eval4Action Campaign.‘Each One Teach One' is a call to action to meaningfully engage the community in evaluation, as the community…See More
Guest Speaker: Dr Awuor Ponge- Vice President- Africa Evaluation Association (AFrEA)Moderators : John Karegwa- Training Director- Strategia NetherlandsBeatrice Obonyo- Academics Manager- Capacity Africa InstituteRegister in advance for this meeting on this link: https://lnkd.in/g7PvyKUgAfter registering, you will receive a…See More
A warm welcome! Institute of Social Studies Trust hosts Gender and Evaluation community www.isstindia.org
Post a blog or start a discussion about gender, evaluation or share your documents, events, photos…"
Power and Partnerships: Centering Equity in Global Development and Humanitarian Programs.The Gender Plus Summit is an inclusive thought leadership event that brings together diverse development and humanitarian stakeholders from around the world to collectively learn about key gender and social inclusion challenges and opportunities. Summit principles include prioritizing localization so that the experiences, evidence and voices of historically excluded people living in the Global South are…See More
The webinar will showcase U.S. and international examples of CDP grants that have helped communities learn from Indigenous knowledge and practices.Grantmakers and donors will be able to gain theoretical and practical understandings of the role of Indigenous knowledge in their work. At the end of the webinar, funders will:Have an increased understanding of traditional Indigenous knowledge related to the environment.Develop an enhanced understanding of how to support Indigenous communities.Think…See More
This 8-week online course brings together tried and tested techniques to design relevant Real-Time Monitoring systems for adaptive projects and programmes. By learning how data and information can help make evidence based decisions, staff will have the enthusiasm to gather, analyse and use information in their projects while providing quality ongoing formative evaluation for organisation policymakers. Alongside innovative, flexible methods for tracking real-time progress, we show you how to…See More
Making Change Visible: Evaluating Efforts to Advance Social Participation in Health" is a resource developed in 2021 by an inter-disciplinary group of researchers and consultants with professional experience in implementing and evaluating social participation in health in different countries globally. The resource is designed to help implementers of Social Participation in Health interventions to address the question ‘What differences are our efforts to advance social participation in health…See More
Integrating feminist approaches in research and project implementation enables more equal interaction within research projects, and also between and within researchers, practitioners, and advocacy groups. These sessions offer tools that facilitate the integration of gender into research and facilitation. May 6, 20225:30 PM – 8:30 PM ISTOnline WorkshopsGender Capacity Building with Dr. Kerrie Thornhill/Resolu Research Expert Solutions ltd is an orientation on how to integrate gender into…See More | <urn:uuid:6c7802c1-2b49-4e1c-ad01-3bfc11e09b52> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gendereval.ning.com/profile/VennilaThevarajah | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.880796 | 765 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Blank November 2021 Calendar Printable Free – Regardless of when the calendar is first set, it is constantly crucial to see it every year and possibly even more frequently as each calendar year rolls by. Even for those people who manage their calendars well, it is vitally important to understand what is taking place in November.
Why is the calendar so crucial in the very first place? The twenty-four-hour duration of the day also has significance, as does the conventional significance of the number of days in a month.
During the night hours on Saturday, December 24th, a special holiday called Fat Tuesday takes place, during which people were asked not to consume or drink anything on that day. Sunday, the seventh day of the week, happens to fall on a major religious holiday, that is generally committed to the Christian faith. There are numerous considerable historic and geographic occasions which take place around this time, and the calendar is essential to keeping an eye on these dates so that one can be sure they can keep up with them.
The days of the week likewise have significant significance. The only exception to this rule is weekends, which are designated for either a workweek or a play week depending on whether you live in a city or a residential area. The Monday through Sunday workweek typically lasts 8 working days, and the Monday through Saturday playweek generally lasts 4 working days. When you add in the possibility of public holidays, that overall quantity increases to ten working days, and twelve-playing days. If you reside in a town or city, you have a lot more alternatives for days off.
The days themselves are just one aspect of the calendar, and there are plenty of others. Any seasonal modification is shown in the calendar, and it tells us when and where to go during particular times of the year.
Without the calendar, we would have no way of understanding what day we ‘d get married, fired from our task, or have that small family pet become a big, loving family animal. We depend on calendars for everything from work to entertainment, from driving to getting to work. | <urn:uuid:207a95b8-7bf1-4c18-ace3-2b10120731c7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://printable-monthly-calendar.com/blank-november-calendar-printable-free/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.973118 | 423 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Why is it so tough to be a girl? Whether it's at school, in the mall, or even online, girls are mean to each other. Most girls will admit that they have been a victim of a mean girl. In fact, many will say that all girls are basically mean. Whether they're teasing a girl because of how she looks, making up rumors to torment others, or launching an online campaign to destroy their target, girls can be just plain ruthless.
This one-of-a-kind book has helped end the cycle of meanness for tens of thousands of girls. Mean Girls is a call to spiritual strength. A call to stand firm. It calls girls to face the beasts in their lives head on. In short, it's the answer girls need for the problem they never thought could go away. This completely revised edition of Mean Girls will reach junior highers and high schoolers where they are with the help and advice they crave. It has been redesigned inside and out to match the award-winning look of DiMarco's other popular books. | <urn:uuid:966ee3c1-eaa4-4c18-8aa6-eeb366c4691b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://papersheart.com/mean-girls-facing-your-beauty-turned-beast/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.974246 | 219 | 1.867188 | 2 |
FOCUS ON THE RIGHT CUSTOMER
In a recent article it was stated that 20 percent of the people in the United States have almost 50 percent of the disposable income. In other words, those 20 percent are not concerned with the price of your product or service, if the benefits are there.
Let’s translate that to a business scenario. If you are in business, you have the option to offer your services or products to those that can afford it.
That requires understanding your selling price as well as the market you intend to reach. If you are selling a $1 item, then most everyone has the potential to be your target market, providing they need that product or service. If the product or service sells for $10,000, then the affordability factor eliminates a large portion of the population even if that is a product or service that can be beneficial to them.
In identifying a target market the affordability factor has to be considered. I have a pool contractor as a client. Everyone may want a pool, but only a segment of that target market can afford one. The target market can be identified by where they live, value of their residence also by the profession they are in. By researching the communication systems that most appeals to this market, we can plan our marketing campaign. The internet is one of the greatest research tools to help you identify the habits of your target market.
Success in a small business requires working smarter as well as harder. Take the time to identify the right market then develop and implement your marketing plan.
“Choose your customers, choose your future.” Seth Godin
Comments are closed | <urn:uuid:54382d06-2ae9-4815-ae64-85936fab0e64> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bizquack.com/focus-right-customer/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.958797 | 334 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Hardware vs. Software Firewalls Hello friends, I have set an firewall security for my computer system,but i don't know whether it falls under hardware firewall or in the software firewall, so if anyone here will suggest me what is the difference between two will be helpful for me understand it in the better sense.
Hardware vs. software—what gives? Hardware firewalls and software firewalls provide different security benefits and drawbacks. But for this review, we’re focusing on hardware firewalls. Why? Most software firewalls protect only the device running the software. Hardware firewalls, on the other hand, protect your entire network from malware Software vs Hardware Firewalls - Information Security In either case, the firewall architecture is not 'hardware' or 'black magic'. I think that you are making a false differentiation and what you should actually be comparing is "endpoint firewalls" versus "gateway firewalls". Pedantry notwithstanding, it is important to note that this is the actual distinction rather than hardware versus software. Hardware-Based Firewalls | Electrical Contractor Magazine
Firewalls are software programs or hardware devices that filter and examine the information coming through your Internet connection. They represent a first line of defense because they can stop a malicious program or attacker from gaining access to your network and …
Sep 26, 2017 Hardware vs Software firewall? - TechSpot Forums
Software firewalls can be application aware, which makes things like instant messengers and streaming protocols very easy to control. For home use, a router with SPI is probably protection enough. A nice setup for business use is to have a layered approach with a hardware perimeter firewall with an application aware software firewall like ISA
Hardware Firewall - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics Hardware firewalls come as a complete package, reducing the necessity to decide on hardware, OS, and firewall software separately. The OS is generally hardened and optimized for network throughput and packet inspection. ☑ The PIX uses standard firewall logic: outbound is permitted by default and inbound is blocked by default. | <urn:uuid:923a2c8b-f377-4d8a-81fb-c7cd0ece6b62> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hostvpnxipbj.web.app/schroedel30353ce/hardware-firewalls-vs-software-firewalls-733.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.898606 | 424 | 2.53125 | 3 |
How long is Wonder Book?
This article’s tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia.AuthorR. J. PalacioGenreChildren’s novelPublisherAlfred A. KnopfPublication date14 February 2012Pages310
How many chapters does the book Wonder have?
What is a summary of chapters 90–92? Chapters 90–92 of Wonder deal with the aftermath of Daisy’s death and Olivia’s role in the school play.
What is the reading level of the book wonder?
WonderInterest LevelReading LevelWord CountGrades 4 – 7Grade K73053
Is August Pullman a real person?
“Wonder” tells the story of the fictional character 10-year-old Auggie Pullman, who was born with a facial difference — much like Treacher Collins. While “Wonder” isn’t based on real people, its author R.J. … R.J.
How much does wonder cost?
Wonder (film)WonderCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishBudget$20 millionBox office$305.9 million
Why did Henry put his backpack on his desk like a wall?
Auggie never went to school because he had so many surgeries to attend. … The other students’ in Auggie’s homeroom kept their distance from him. the one student, Henry, placed his backpack on the desks between them to “build a wall.” the students were not welcoming towards Auggie.
Why did Auggie’s dad threw out his astronaut helmet?
By throwing away the helmet, Auggie’s dad was attempting to make his son rely less on hiding and instead face the world. He wanted his son to learn to accept the way he looks and to show his face to the world.
Why does Auggie cut off his braid?
August cut his braid because He didn’t want anybody to notice it or talk about it. He was scared more people would make fun of him. On page 43 Julian asked August in a mean tone what the strip of hair on the back of his head was. That made August insecure and annoyed.
What grade level is V?
English Level Correlation ChartLearning A-Z Text Leveling SystemGradeAgesV49 – 11W49 – 11X59 – 11Y59 – 11
What grade level is Harry?
Harry Potter Books Harry Potter BooksTitleLexile RankGrade Reading LevelHarry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone / Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone880L5-6Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets940L5-6Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban880L5-6Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire880L5-6
What grade level is wonder appropriate for?
The lexile rating for the book is 790 L, but it is recommended for 5th-7th grades. The book’s themes, involving adolescent issues, middle school, disabilities, friends and friendship are relevant to sixth grade. These themes are also high interest for many middle school age students.
How old is Nathaniel Newman now?
Nathaniel Newman, a 15-year-old boy who has the same Treacher Collins syndrome as the main character Auggie, has a story that’s just as compelling.
How old is August Pullman now?
Auggie (August) Pullman is ten years old. He loves Xbox, his dog, Daisy, and he really loves Star Wars. His favorite character is Jango Fett, and he used to have a small braid in the back of his head like a Padawan Jedi apprentice. His favorite holiday is Halloween, and his birthday is October 10th. | <urn:uuid:6f3065eb-01a8-46c9-bea3-b4f0ed334d97> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://beavercountybookfest.com/useful/how-many-pages-does-the-book-wonder-have.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.961696 | 789 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Credit ratings giant Fitch said on Tuesday that cyberattacks linked to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine might be a test for language commonly used in cyber insurance policies that excludes damages caused by acts of war.
The “war exclusion” and “hostile act exclusion” language has become a much-debated issue in the world of cyber insurance over the last several years. The clauses have a long history in property, life, and other types of coverage, and are meant to protect insurance companies from being on the hook for events that they could not afford to pay claims. But cyberattacks — which can be difficult to attribute and are used more liberally than rocket strikes and other traditional weapons — present many grey areas.
NotPetya, a 2017 wiper attack that caused billions of dollars of damage and has been linked to Russian hackers, pushed many insurance providers to clarify their language around what is and isn’t covered. Last December, a New Jersey court ruled in favor of pharmaceutical company Merck in a lawsuit filed against its insurer, which declined to cover $1.4 billion in losses caused by NotPetya. In that case, Merck had a $1.75 billion “all-risk” insurance policy that covered software-related data loss events, but its insurer refused to cover the loss arguing that the attack was an act of war.
The New Jersey Superior Court sided with Merck, which argued that the clause’s language limited exclusions to acts by official government agencies, and did not specifically mention cyber-related events.
Although Fitch said that the lawsuit and pressure from regulators have prompted a shift in war exclusion language — which could potentially mitigate losses from the current conflict — an increase in nation-state cyberattackers could be a test for many policies.
“The proliferation of potential cyberattacks from well-organized, state-sponsored hackers is elevated given the current conflict,” Fitch said. | <urn:uuid:38dfdf8b-1860-4710-8444-902b19dfc2f0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://financialsnet.com/2022/03/02/cyber-insurance-policies-may-be-put-to-the-test-by-russian-attacks-credit-ratings-firm-warns/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.967285 | 401 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Welcome to the /r/homelab wiki! Here we have a few common questions and some resources for places to get more information.
Read them, learn them, feel them within you.
An introduction into the world of homelabbing and why we lab, if you're new you should read this!
A comprehensive list of software that homelabbers use.
What hardware should you buy? Where to buy from? Look here.
How to buy homelab equipment wisely, great for beginners!
What Networking Equipment should you buy? Where to buy from? Look here.
Tutorials and How-To's for various setups.
Useful resources including user blogs.
Useful vendors you may wish to check out.
Useful table for dB and BTU resources.
Create your own wiki page on your system/lab build here!
Frequently Asked Q's
List of previous megaposts. FAQ.
revision by MonsterMufffin— view source | <urn:uuid:c1e4b5b1-a9c4-4eae-9d61-b6727636af8a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.reddit.com/r/homelab/wiki/index | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.899697 | 215 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Objective: to hand letter a word, in a way that emotes the words meaning. I chose to do the word Panache.
Solution: Panache means flamboyance, confidence, self-assurance, style, and flair. So my letters do not follow the baseline, showing self-assurance. The x-height varies giving flamboyance. The typeface is between cursive and script giving it flair. | <urn:uuid:be31d750-1304-4545-91e1-80a5c8e92ec9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.brandiwilson.info/hand-lettered-word | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.870869 | 99 | 1.703125 | 2 |
“Drink Water, Eat Fruits and Vegetables, Get Moving.” These were all lessons learned by the students of the Sangre Grande Seventh Day Adventist (SDA) and the Cunapo Roman Catholic (RC) School. Over 100 Students took part in the TTMoves School Health Bazaar hosted by the Eastern Regional Health Authority (ERHA) in collaboration with the Ministry of Health held at the Sangre Grande Civic Centre, Sukhram Street, Foster Road, Sangre Grande on October 02, 2019.
Members of the Health Education Department in an interactive session at the TTMoves School Health Bazaar as Ronald Tsoi-a-Fatt, Chief Executive Officer looks on.
Hydra Station offered free filtered water refills at the event and encouraged students to reuse and recycle their bottles instead of disposing of bottles and purchasing a new bottle daily.
The Eastern Division Community Police sensitized students about being street wise and the effect bullying have on individuals.
Students all got moving. | <urn:uuid:76cb86be-c29f-4377-98fd-e34f65f5cf79> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.erha.co.tt/ttmoves-school-health-bazaar/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.951803 | 208 | 1.851563 | 2 |
What you’ll learn to do: Explore the concept of integrated marketing communications and retail promotions
As we begin, we need to emphasize the relevance of integrated in our discussion of Marketing Communication. As you know, the emergence of digital technology, social media and mobile devices has led to significant changes in how consumers shop for and engage with brands—the emergence of an omni-channel, i.e. the varied interactions in the shopping process that consumers have pre-, during and post-purchase. The resulting proliferation of channels and fragmentation of target audiences means that firms must work hard to be present and relevant wherever and whenever consumers engage. Further, it means that outbound advertising must be integrated together to ensure that it is consistent, complementary and customized for the appropriate channel to have maximum impact on the target audience.
Contributors and Attributions
- Introduction to Integrated Marketing Communications and Promotions. Authored by: Patrick Williams. Provided by: Lumen Learning. License: CC BY: Attribution | <urn:uuid:b72ce813-92f7-4034-8d11-b616aaa98a57> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://biz.libretexts.org/Courses/Lumen_Learning/Book%3A_Retail_Management_(Lumen)/14%3A_Integrated_Marketing_Communications_and_Promotions/14.11%3A_Introduction_to_Integrated_Marketing_Communications_and_Promotions | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.92385 | 201 | 1.960938 | 2 |
KEY SCRIPTURE :Acts 28:23 ” And when they had appointed him a day, there came many to him into his lodging; to whom he expounded and testified the kingdom of God, persuading them concerning Jesus, both out of the law of Moses, and out of the prophets, from morning till evening.”
Apostle Paul finally got to Rome. All the prisoners were put in prison as the law demanded, yet Paul had a whole house to himself, but with a guard. He could receive visitors as much as where he was staying could accommodate them.
Apostle Paul invited the Jewish community in Rome so he could share the word of God with them. Throughout the studies of Paul, we see that, it was his custom to first share the word with the Jewish community first, before getting to the gentile. CHARITY ALWAYS, BEGINS AT HOME. The following is how Paul communicated to the Jews. Acts 28:23. And when they had appointed him a day, there came many to him into his lodging; to whom he expounded and testified the kingdom of God, persuading them concerning Jesus, both out of the law of Moses, and out of the prophets, from morning till evening.
Paul was speaking to a people whose knowledge was mainly from the laws of Moses and the prophets, so he explained the gospel from that angle to them. We live at a time when we have various influences. The following are some of the persuasions and must share the gospel from scriptures that addresses their particular persuasions.
1.We have Religious people to reach out to
2.We have the careless sinners to reach.
3.We have atheists to reach out to.
4 We have those who accepts every religion as the way to reach to
5.We have the confused to reach to
6We have the deceived (Christian sects, e.g. JW, LATTER DAY SAINTS) to reach, and many more.
To effectively reach out to these various groups, you would have to rightly divide the word of truth to them, please find my series of teachings on personal evangelism (SIMPLE TRUTH 2017). Go through that material and you would learn how to share God’s word effectively to these different persuasions. In the absence of that material, you need a good grasp of the Bible as a° whole. Get to know the °persuasions of these various groups concerned. Look for the relevant scriptures that address their topics Apply the scriptures intelligently trusting the Lord to win them ultimately. Pray much for any group of people you seek to win for Christ.
Lord I pray for all men, that in your mercy you would reveal yourself to all those who stubbornly resist the gospel. Grant me wisdom to win them for your kingdom.
2 Timothy 2:15 ” Study to shew thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth”.
2 Timothy 4:2 “Preach the word; be instant in season, out of season; reprove, rebuke, exhort with all long suffering and doctrine.” | <urn:uuid:7c1e57db-761e-41e5-b2d4-2c0caa3b0ce2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://samuelsomuah.com/2019/09/14/character-study-paul-108/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.977124 | 663 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Soil Collection Ceremony
Honoring those killed
Date: November 6, 2021
Place: 1898 Memorial Park, 1018 N. 3rd St., Wilmington, NC
In 2015, the Equal Justice Initiative began working with communities across the country to commemorate and recognize the traumatic era of racial terror by collection soil from lynching sites. The Community Soil Collection Project provides a tangible way for community members to confront the legacy of racial terror of lynchings and to memorialize the African American victims whose lives were lost and the communities impacted by such violence.
The New Hanover Community Remembrance Project in conjunction with EJI is collecting soil samples from the sites of lynchings that occurred during the 1898 Wilmington Coup Massacre. The jars of soil will be on display to honor and memorialize the victims EJI’s Legacy Museum in Montgomery, Alabama, and in New Hanover County.
The public is welcome to attend. | <urn:uuid:b3bfe1a6-db81-4bc1-ac89-42ffbda7e87e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.blackwilmingtonresearch.com/ceremony/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.923285 | 190 | 3.015625 | 3 |
They fought hard to keep their freedom of worship until the Revocation by Louis XIV on 17 October 1685.
There used to be a temple on the site of the present garden, built by Driollet in 1855. It was destroyed by bombing on 23 September 1943.
Revocation of the Edict of NantesDecided by Louis XIV, this revocation on October 22, 1685 led to the increased repression of Protestants (death sentences and sentences to row the galleys, forced conversion, etc.). It amplified...
The Edict of Nantes (1598)This was Henri IV’s major achievement : the terms of this edict ensured the peaceful coexistence of Catholics and Protestants and brought a stop to all hostilities in France after 36 years...
Walk in the Nantes protestantA protestant tour in the city of Nantes: discover 11 emblematic places of the presence of Protestants in the city of Nantes. | <urn:uuid:f9a1b22c-d7e6-40ca-bf48-620b4eef327b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://museeprotestant.org/en/notice/la-place-de-ledit-de-nantes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.935951 | 204 | 3.28125 | 3 |
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hi can you give any body fault level calculation, generator fault level calculation,transformer fault level calculation for system fault level with equation? i have 3.3kv generation voltage three gas gen sets, one is 1.9MW,2nd is 2.5MW,& 3rd is 3.8MW & i have 11 kv generation voltage one gas gen sets is 3.8MW, we are step up to 22kv by transformer3 6043
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Sir,In our company there are 3 caterpillar make(capacity:(1) 3.3KV,2.5MW(2)3.3KV,2.5MW & (3)3.3KV,1.9MW) & 1 deutz make (capacity:11KV,3.8MW)gas engines utilised,all are running in paralell. There are three transformer utilised,(1) 6.25MVA,3.3KV/22KV,Impedence voltage:6.7% used for two generator,both are 2.5MW(2)5.5MVA,3.3KV/22KV,Impedence voltage:7.2% used for one generator of 2.5MW & (3) 5.5MVA,11KV/22KV,Impedence voltage:7.8% used for one generator of 2.5MW.all generator breakers capacity of 1250Amps. Sir,I want the details of fault level calculation of generator,transformer individually & for whole system. If you require any information from me.feel free for contact me sir.pl.send the answer of my question as the earliest as possible.1439
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Difference between object and reference? | <urn:uuid:c8a1666b-88f6-48cf-9f51-c7fd4b4ea30c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.allinterview.com/company/1727/nabi-qasim.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.850874 | 864 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Amid all the political drama, many will have tuned in to watch PMQs live from the Commons – only to notice many MPs wearing a mysterious little love heart badge.
The tribute marked by MPs, including opposition leader Keir Starmer, commemorates an important message on a significant date.
What are the love heart badges MPs are wearing?
Parliamentarians wore the 40th anniversary Heart badge in the Commons, marking 40 years of the Terrence Higgins Trust and paying tribute to the late Terry Higgins.
Terry Higgins was one of the first people to die of an Aids-related illness on 4 July 1982, and his partner and family set up the trust in response to the emerging epidemic.
The aim at the time was to provide life-saving information during a period when media and Government were stoking up fear and stigma.
As the MPs wearing the badges shows – the Government is now involved in the HIV response – however the Trust’s work remains incomplete, as they aim to eradicate new cases of HIV by 2030.
Richard Angell Campaigns Director at Terrence Higgins said: “As Terry Higgins worked for Hansard in Parliament it is fitting for our country’s politicians to pay tribute to the man who inspired early Aids activism by wearing Terrence Higgins Trust’s Heart badge.
“It is not just an emblem of the love and care provided by the organisation to people living with HIV over four decades, it symbolises our collective determination to end new cases of HIV by 2030.”
Speaking about the milestone and the legacy of the Heart, Terry’s friend and co-founder of Terrence Higgins Trust Martyn Butler said: “My vibrant, hilarious friend Terry Higgins collapsed while partying at Heaven nightclub and never left the hospital – becoming the first named person to die of an Aids-related illness in the UK.
“The nightclub’s then logo had a red heart at its centre. It seemed a no-brainer for this to evolve as the symbol at the heart of the organisation we set up in Terry’s memory with a determination to humanise the epidemic and provide desperately needed care to the fast-growing number of people impacted by HIV.
“That our charity and the symbol have stood the test of time is a tribute to 40 years of Aids activists and the life changing work of Terrence Higgins Trust.” | <urn:uuid:26aba7b7-04b8-4ec6-a382-003735415be6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://inews.co.uk/news/politics/what-badges-mps-wearing-who-terrence-higgins-was-why-keir-starmer-paid-tribute-1726780?ico=related_stories | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.947069 | 492 | 1.914063 | 2 |
When selecting any training program it’s essential that the certification you’ll acquire is updated with industries needs. As well as this, make certain that the subject suits you, and is pitched on the proper degree. There are courses overlaying Microsoft Consumer Expertise to Networking, Programming, Databases and Internet Design. There is a big quantity of alternative and so it is probably best to talk to an experienced advisor previous to deciding which approach to go: it would be awful to find you’re finding out for an area that you don’t enjoy!
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In 1981, Dr. Nicholas completed the Mozart fragments in E (K.494a) and E flat (K.370b and 371. Having immersed himself so completely in the style for so long, he was inspired to compose his own "Mozart" concerto, K.447a!
In 1997, Dr. Nicholas completely re-worked his earlier reconstructions of the Mozart fragments to incorporate the additional discoveries that had been made during those sixteen years. These works are also published by Birdalone Music.
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- Solo Horn in E flat, Oboe I, Oboe II, Horn I in E flat, Horn II in E flat, Strings (184.108.40.206)
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Life and Health Sciences for CCEA AS Level
This updated edition addresses the examined units of CCEA AS Life and Health Sciences specification (including the recently-proposed revisions). It covers the Single and Double Award courses for the following units: AS 2 - Human Body Systems, AS 3 - Aspects of Physical Chemistry in Industrial Processes, and AS 5 - Material Science.
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- Book Details
This updated edition addresses the examined units of the CCEA AS level Life and Health Sciences specification (including the recently-proposed revisions). It covers both the Single and Double Award courses, through the study of the following units:
• AS 2: Human Body Systems
• AS 3: Aspects of Physical Chemistry in Industrial Processes
• AS 5: Material Science
The full-colour, illustrated chapters clearly explain the theory for the course, and are supported by worked examples, tips, examination-style questions and answers.
The authors are all experienced science teachers and examiners and the book has been through a meticulous quality assurance process prior to publication.
1 Cardiovascular System
2 Respiratory System
4 Homeostatic Mechanisms and How These Are Monitored
5 Nutrition and Physical Exercise in Maintaining Good Health
Unit AS 3: Aspects of Physical Chemistry in Industrial Processes
6 Chemical Calculations
7 Volumetric Analysis
11 Industrial Processes, Infrastructure and Environmental Consequences
Unit AS 5: Material Science
12 Material Properties
13 Categorising Materials and Microscopic Structure
14 Alloys, Metal Working and Biomaterials
15 Smart Materials, Nanomaterials and Industrial Considerations
- Format: Paperback / Softback
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- Publisher: Colourpoint Educational
- ISBN / EAN: 9781780733371
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New frontier settlements across the Amazon Basin pose a major challenge for malaria elimination in Brazil. Here we describe the epidemiology of malaria during the early phases of occupation of farming settlements in Remansinho area, Brazilian Amazonia. We examine the relative contribution of low-density and asymptomatic parasitemias to the overall Plasmodium vivax burden over a period of declining transmission and discuss potential hurdles for malaria elimination in Remansinho and similar settings.
Eight community-wide cross-sectional surveys, involving 584 subjects, were carried out in Remansinho over 3 years and complemented by active and passive surveillance of febrile illnesses between the surveys. We used quantitative PCR to detect low-density asexual parasitemias and gametocytemias missed by conventional microscopy. Mixed-effects multiple logistic regression models were used to characterize independent risk factors for P. vivax infection and disease.
P. vivax prevalence decreased from 23.8% (March–April 2010) to 3.0% (April–May 2013), with no P. falciparum infections diagnosed after March–April 2011. Although migrants from malaria-free areas were at increased risk of malaria, their odds of having P. vivax infection and disease decreased by 2–3% with each year of residence in Amazonia. Several findings indicate that low-density and asymptomatic P. vivax parasitemias may complicate residual malaria elimination in Remansinho: (a) the proportion of subpatent infections (i.e. missed by microscopy) increased from 43.8% to 73.1% as P. vivax transmission declined; (b) most (56.6%) P. vivax infections were asymptomatic and 32.8% of them were both subpatent and asymptomatic; (c) asymptomatic parasite carriers accounted for 54.4% of the total P. vivax biomass in the host population; (d) over 90% subpatent and asymptomatic P. vivax had PCR-detectable gametocytemias; and (e) few (17.0%) asymptomatic and subpatent P. vivax infections that were left untreated progressed to clinical disease over 6 weeks of follow-up and became detectable by routine malaria surveillance.
Despite decades of control efforts, malaria remains a major public health concern in Brazil. A large proportion of the 243,000 cases diagnosed per year originate from areas of recent colonization in the densely forested Amazon Basin. This population-based longitudinal study addresses the epidemiology of malaria during the early stages of colonization of frontier settlements in Remansinho area, rural Amazonia. We documented a major decline in the prevalence of P. vivax infection, from 23.8% to 3.0%, between March–April 2010 and April–May 2013. Up to 73.1% of the P. vivax infections were missed by microscopy as malaria transmission declined and most (56.6%) of these infections caused no clinical signs or symptoms. Few (17.0%) asymptomatic P. vivax infections that were left untreated eventually progressed to clinical disease, becoming detectable by routine malaria surveillance, over 6 weeks of follow-up. Moreover, nearly all P. vivax infections that were undetected by microscopy had gametocytes, the parasite's blood stages responsible for malaria transmission to mosquito vectors, detected by molecular methods. These findings indicate that apparently healthy carriers of low-density parasitemias, who are often missed by conventional microscopy, contribute significantly to ongoing P. vivax transmission and may further complicate residual malaria elimination in Remansinho and similar endemic settings.
Citation: Barbosa S, Gozze AB, Lima NF, Batista CL, Bastos MdS, Nicolete VC, et al. (2014) Epidemiology of Disappearing Plasmodium vivax Malaria: A Case Study in Rural Amazonia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8(8): e3109. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003109
Editor: Mauricio Martins Rodrigues, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
Received: April 24, 2014; Accepted: July 11, 2014; Published: August 28, 2014
Copyright: © 2014 Barbosa et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Data Availability: The authors confirm that all data underlying the findings are fully available without restriction. The original data files, in either SPSS, STATA or R format, are available from the authors, upon request, to all researchers interested in reproducing the analyses presented here or in carrying out new analyses, provided that appropriate ethical clearance is obtained. Requests for adata access should be submitted to the Ethical Committee for Research with Human Beings (Portuguese acronym, CEPSH), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, e-mail: email@example.com, telephone 55-11-3091-7733, homepage: http://www3.icb.usp.br/corpoeditorial/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=677.
Funding: This research was supported by research grants from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), United States of America (U19 AI089681, D43TW007120, and K24AI068903 to JMV) and the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, 2009/52729-9 to MUF), Brazil. SB (2013/23770-6), ABG (2009/12180-8), RMG (2010/51938-0), and MCC (2013/17259-7) were or are currently supported by FAPESP. NFL, VCN, PSF are supported by scholarships from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) of Brazil, which also provides a senior researcher scholarship to MUF and CLB is supported by a scholarship from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brazil. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Malaria is one of the major tropical infectious diseases for which decades of intensive control efforts have met with only partial success in Brazil . With nearly 243,000 slide-confirmed infections, this country contributed 52% of all malaria cases reported in the Region of the Americas and the Caribbean in 2012 . Most transmission in Brazil occurs in open mining enclaves, logging camps and farming settlements across the Amazon Basin, a region that currently accounts for 99.9% of the country-wide malaria burden .
Since the early 1970s, official and informal colonization projects in densely forested areas of Amazonia have attracted migrant farmers from the malaria-free South and Southeast regions, originating a number of new frontier agricultural settlements , . Initial land clearing for slash-and-burn agriculture and extensive logging can induce major changes in vector biology, by creating or expanding mosquito breeding habitats, as well as in vector species composition, with a marked increase in the abundance of the highly competent local malaria vector Anopheles darlingi –. Not surprisingly, recent frontier settlements, where ongoing deforestation and the immigration of non-immune pioneers favor transmission, constitute malaria hotspots until these communities become more stable and endemicity declines .
Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax infections are widespread across Amazonia, with rare and focal P. malariae transmission –. A clear change has been recently observed in the relative proportion of the two main species. Similar proportions of slide-confirmed infections were due to P. falciparum and P. vivax until 1990, but transmission of the latter species maintained an upward trend while that of P. falciparum declined steadily throughout the next decade . Plasmodium vivax now accounts for 85% of the malaria burden in Brazil . These trends may be explained by factors such as the presence of dormant liver stages (hypnozoites) and the early circulation of sexual stages (gametocytes) in peripheral blood, which may render P. vivax less responsive than P. falciparum to available control strategies based on early diagnosis and treatment of blood-stage infections , .
Here we describe the epidemiology of malaria and associated risk factors during the early phases of occupation of frontier agricultural settlements in the Amazon Basin of Brazil. We observed a major decline in P. vivax prevalence, with vanishing P. falciparum transmission, over 3 years of malaria surveillance. Risk of both infection and P. vivax-related disease decreased with increasing cumulative exposure to malaria, consistent with anti-parasite and anti-disease immunity being acquired by this population. We discuss the challenges of controlling and eliminating malaria, especially that caused by the resilient parasite P. vivax, in low-endemicity areas where most infections are asymptomatic and parasite densities are often below the detection threshold of conventional microscopy.
Once a sparsely populated rubber tapper settlement (seringal) situated in southern Amazonas state, northwestern Brazil, Remansinho (average population, 260) now comprises five farming settlements (Figure 1). The main settlement is situated along the final 40 km of the Ramal do Remansinho, a 60 km-long unpaved road originating from the BR-364 interstate highway, while the other four are situated along secondary roads (known as Ramal da Linha 1, Ramal da Castanheira, Ramal dos Seringueiros, and Ramal dos Goianos) originating from this main unpaved road (Figure S1). The farming settlements along Ramal da Linha 1 and Ramal da Castanheira were opened in the late 1990s, whereas the colonization of the other areas started only in 2007. Most houses have complete or incomplete wooden walls and thatched roofs; just a few of them have brick walls and are covered with asbestos, cement or zinc shingles. With a typical equatorial humid climate (annual average temperature, 26.4°C), Remansinho receives most rainfall between November and March (annual average, 2,318 mm), but malaria transmission occurs year-round. The main local malaria vector is the highly anthropophilic and exophilic An. darlingi . Most families currently living in Remansinho have resettled from other areas within Amazonia, and are now involved in subsistence agriculture and logging. There is a single government-run health post in Remansinho, which provides free malaria diagnosis and treatment, but a small proportion of locally acquired infections are diagnosed and treated in the nearest village (Nova Califórnia; population, 2,600), situated along the BR-364 highway, about 60 km south of Remansinho (Figure 1). There is no electricity or piped water supply in the area.
The map also shows the village of Nova Califórnia (western Rondônia State), the nearest town, Acrelândia (eastern Acre State), where our field laboratory is situated, and the BR 364 interstate highway, which connects Acre, Rondônia and southern Amazonas to the rest of the country.
Study design and population
A population-based prospective cohort study was initiated in March 2010 to estimate the prevalence and incidence of malaria parasite carriage in Remansinho, by combining microscopy and molecular diagnosis, and to characterize risk factors for malaria infection and clinical disease in the local population. This ongoing study comprises periodic cross-sectional malaria prevalence surveys of the entire population, every four months between March 2010 and March 2011 and every six months thereafter, complemented with clinical and laboratory surveillance of febrile illness episodes between the cross-sectional surveys.
Here we analyze data collected from March 2010 to May 2013. During this period, we enrolled 584 participants belonging to 205 households. Dwellings were geo-localized using a hand-held 12-chanel global positioning system (GPS) receiver (eTrex Personal Navigator, Garmin, Olathe, KS), with a positional accuracy within 15 m. Nearly all (98.8%) study subjects were recruited during house-to-house visits in Ramal do Remansinho (376 or 65.2%), Ramal da Castanheira (85 or 14.7%), Ramal da Linha 1 (57 or 9.9%), Ramal dos Goianos (32 or 5.5%), and Ramal dos Seringueiros (27 or 4.7%); only 7 (1.2%) subjects, who were enrolled at the local health post, had their settlement of origin undetermined.
Demographic and parasite prevalence surveys
Each cross-sectional survey comprised a population census and the entire population found during the census was considered eligible to participate in the study. During the first (March–May 2010), 165 inhabitants identified during the census in Ramal do Remansinho and Ramal dos Goianos were invited to participate. Subsequent surveys, which also included subjects living in the other three settlements, were carried out between May and July 2010 (survey 2), October and November 2010 (survey 3), March and April 2011 (survey 4), October and November 2011 (survey 5), April and May 2012 (survey 6), October and November 2012 (survey 7), and April and May 2013 (survey 8). Most surveys were carried out either at the beginning or the end of the rainy season, except for survey 2, which took place during the dry season. Total numbers of subjects present in the study area during each survey are given in Table 1.
A baseline questionnaire was applied to all study participants in March–May, 2010, to collect demographic, health, behavioral and socioeconomic data. Cumulative exposure to malaria was estimated using the duration of residence in Amazonia as a proxy. We used a structured questionnaire to determine the presence and intensity of 13 malaria-related signs and symptoms (fever, chills, sweating, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, cough, dyspnea, and diarrhea) up to seven days prior to the interview. Information on selected household assets, access to utilities, infrastructure, and housing characteristics was used to derive a wealth index, from which socioeconomic status was estimated. We combined discrete (i. e., yes or no) ownership information (for power generator, chainsaw, radio, sofa set, shotgun, bicycle, car, motorcycle, and well) and continuous data (i. e., total number of items, for beds, rooms and bedrooms present in the household, and number of pigs, cattle, chickens, ducks, and horses owned). Principal component analysis, carried out using statistical software STATA 12.1, was used to weight each variable . The first principal component explained 18% of the variability and gave the greatest weights to ownership of beds, number of rooms, number of bedrooms, sofa set, and chickens. Lowest weights were given to ownership of horses, ducks or cattle. The scores were summed to give a wealth index for each household. Wealth indices were then used to stratify households into quartiles in increasing order (first quartile, 25% poorest). A shorter version of the baseline questionnaire was used in all subsequent cross-sectional surveys to update demographic and clinical data.
All inhabitants in the study area aged more than 3 months were invited to contribute either venous (5-ml) or finger-prick blood samples for malaria diagnosis, irrespective of any clinical symptoms, Duffy blood group genotyping, and other laboratory assays, such as hemoglobin measurements and ABO and Rh blood group typing. The participation rates ranged between 96.3% in survey 1 (159 of 165 inhabitants) and 70.3% in survey 5 (204 of 290) (Table 1). Nearly all study participants provided venous blood samples in all but one survey; the exception was survey 3, during which finger-prick capillary blood was preferentially collected from all participants for logistic reasons. Reasons for not providing blood samples included temporary absence from the study area, age below 3 months, inability to perform venous puncture, and refusal to participate. Given the high mobility of the study population, only 21 subjects (3.6% of the study population) contributed blood samples in all cross-sectional surveys; 529 subjects (90.6%) participated in two or more surveys. All study participants, either symptomatic or not, who provided either venous or finger-prick blood samples during cross-sectional surveys and had malaria diagnosis confirmed by onsite microscopy were treated according to the malaria therapy guidelines published by the Ministry of Health of Brazil in 2010 . Briefly, P. vivax infections were treated with chloroquine (total dose, 25 mg of base/kg over 3 days) and primaquine (0.5 mg of base/kg/day for 7 days), while P. falciparum infections were treated with a fixed-dose combination of artemether (2–4 mg/kg/day) and lumefantrine (12–24 mg/kg/day) for 3 days. Infections that were missed by onsite microscopy but later confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were left untreated because the results of molecular diagnosis were not available at the time of the cross-sectional surveys.
Malaria surveillance between cross-sectional surveys
To quantify clinical malaria episodes diagnosed between the cross-sectional surveys, we examined all records of slide-confirmed infections diagnosed between March 2010 and November 2013 at the government-run health posts in Remansinho and in the nearest village, Nova Califórnia. Local malaria control personnel performed both active and passive detection of febrile cases during the study period. Blood samples were collected and examined for malaria parasites whenever febrile subjects visited the health posts in Remansinho or Nova Califórnia or were found during monthly house-to-house visits carried out by field health workers in Remansinho. This strategy is assumed to detect virtually all clinical malaria episodes in cohort subjects between the cross-sectional surveys, since there are no other public or private facilities providing laboratory diagnosis of malaria in the area. Microscopic diagnosis is required to obtain antimalarial drugs in Brazil, which are distributed free of charge by the Ministry of Health and cannot be purchased in local drugstores.
Laboratory diagnosis of malaria was based on microscopic examination of thick smears and PCR. A total of 1,541 thick blood smears were stained with Giemsa in our field laboratory in Acrelândia (120 km southwest of Remansinho). At least 100 fields were examined for malaria parasites, under 1000× magnification, by two experienced microscopists, before a slide was declared negative. We additionally used quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) that target the 18S rRNA genes to detect and quantify P. vivax and P. falciparum blood stages in 1,476 clinical samples (Methods S1). Because microscopy is poorly sensitive for detecting circulating gametocytes , we used a quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) that targets pvs25 gene transcripts , to detect and quantify mature gametocytes in 55 laboratory-confirmed P. vivax infections diagnosed during cross-sectional surveys 4, 5, and 6 (Methods S1).
Since co-infection with multiple parasite clones has been suggested to either increase or reduce the risk of clinical falciparum malaria, we sought to determine whether the presence of multiple-clone P. vivax infections was associated with malaria-related morbidity. To this end, we amplified two highly polymorphic single-copy markers, msp1F1 (a variable domain of the merozoite surface protein-1 gene) and MS16 (a P. vivax-specific microsatellite DNA marker with degenerate trinucleotide repeats) , using the nested PCR protocols of Koepfli and colleagues . DNA samples from 85 qPCR-confirmed P. vivax infections (all of them isolated from venous blood samples) were tested for the presence of multiple clones; 47 were from asymptomatic and 38 from symptomatic parasite carriers. PCR products were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis on an automated DNA sequencer ABI 3500 (Applied Biosystems), and their lengths (in bp) and relative abundance (peak heights in electropherograms) were determined using the commercially available GeneMapper 4.1 (Applied Biosystems) software. The minimal detectable peak height was set to 200 arbitrary fluorescence units. We scored two alleles at a locus when the minor peak was >33% the height of the predominant peak. Plasmodium vivax infections were considered to contain multiple clones if one or both loci showed more than one allele.
Since Duffy blood group polymorphisms modulate the ability of P. vivax merozoites to invade human red blood cells (reviewed by ), we used TaqMan assays (Applied Biosystems) to genotype two major Duffy polymorphisms: the T-33C substitution in the red blood cell-specific GATA1 transcription factor binding motif (rs2814778), which suppresses Duffy expression on the erythrocyte surface (Fy phenotype, associated with FY*BES allele homozygozity), and the G125A polymorphism (rs12075), which defines the FY*B (wild-type) and FY*A (mutated) alleles associated with the Fyb and Fya phenotypes, respectively. The primers and probes (labelled with VIC and FAM) were designed and synthesized by Applied Biosystems (assay ID, C__15769614_10 and C__2493442_10) . We used a Step One Plus Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems) for genotyping, with a template denaturation step at 95°C for 10 min, followed by 40 cycles of 15 sec at 95°C and 1 min at 60°C, with a final step at 60°C for 30 sec. DNA samples from 487 study participants were genotyped.
A laboratory-confirmed malarial infection was defined as any episode of parasitemia detected by thick-smear microscopy, qPCR, or both. Subpatent or submicroscopic infections were defined as infections confirmed by qPCR but missed by microscopy. We defined clinical malaria as a laboratory-confirmed infection, irrespective of the parasite density, diagnosed in a subject reporting one or more of the 13 signs and symptoms investigated, at or up to seven days before the interview. No attempt was made to calculate pyrogenic thresholds of parasitemias in our heterogeneous group of study participants. Subjects with laboratory-confirmed infection, irrespective of the parasite density, who reported no signs or symptoms at or up to seven days prior to the interview, were classified as asymptomatic carriers of malaria parasites.
A database was created with SPSS 17.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) and all subsequent analyses were performed with R statistical software . For the purposes of explanatory data analysis, proportions were compared using standard χ2, Mantel-Haenzel χ2 for stratified data, or χ2 tests for linear trends. Correlations between parasite densities, which had an overdispersed distribution in the population, and other continuous variables were evaluated using the nonparametric Spearman correlation. Median parasitemias were compared with the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical significance was defined at the 5% level and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated whenever appropriate.
Separate regression models were built to describe independent associations between potential risk factors and two outcomes: (a) P. vivax infection and (b) clinical (i. e., symptomatic) vivax malaria. Due to the small number of P. falciparum infections detected in the community no attempt was made to characterize risk factors for infection with this species. Dependent variables were assumed to follow a binomial distribution with a logit link function, being fitted with a logistic regression. We considered the nested structure of the data, intrinsic to the study design, when building regression models; we have repeated observations (up to 8 observations over 3 years of study; grouping variable, “survey”) nested within subjects (grouping variable, “individual”) who are clustered within households (grouping variable, “household”). This clustered sampling scheme introduces dependency among observations that can affect model parameter estimates. Consequently, we used mixed-effects regression models that include the grouping variables as random factors to handle nested observations.
Our modeling strategy further considered the hierarchical levels of independent variables (Methods S1). The effects of distal determinants, such as demographic, social and environmental factors, on malaria risk are often not direct, but mediated by more proximate determinants, such as occupational and behavioral factors . Variables within each level of determination were introduced in the model in a stepwise approach, and only those that were associated with the outcome at a significance level of at least 20% were retained. Most subjects with missing observations were excluded from the final model, except those with missing values for the following four variables: Duffy genotype, wealth index, whether bedroom windows were left open at night, and main occupation. These were maintained in the model by creating a new missing-value category. All models were adjusted for the timing of the survey (months elapsed since the beginning of the study in March 2010). Three variables in the model were time-dependent: age, years of residence in Amazonia, and timing of the survey. The final models comprised 1,242 observations from 442 individuals grouped into 159 households (outcome: P. vivax infection), and 1,237 observations from 438 individuals grouped into 158 households (outcome: vivax malaria).
Alternative logistic models, which excluded Duffy-negative subjects (88 observations from 31 subjects), examined the association between Duffy-positive genotypes (FY*AFY*BES, FY*AFY*A, FY*AFY*B, FY*BFY*BE, and FY*BFY*B) and risk of P. vivax infection and vivax malaria. To account for the hypothesis that age at the beginning of exposure to malaria affects the rate at which antimalarial immunity is acquired by migrants , we further tested for an interaction between age and years of residence in Amazonia. In addition, we fitted mixed-effects Poisson regression models to the data, but the random-effects variances associated with the estimates were substantially higher than those obtained with the logistic models described above. As a consequence, here we only present results derived from the logistic regression analysis.
In addition, we used a mixed-effects Cox proportional hazards model to compare the risk of slide-positive vivax malaria between the surveys in two sub-cohorts of asymptomatic subjects: (a) carriers of subpatent P. vivax infections at baseline that were left untreated and (b) control subjects who were parasite-negative at baseline by both microscopy and qPCR. Subjects who were symptomatic but parasite-negative at baseline were excluded from the uninfected sub-cohort because they might harbor ongoing low-grade infections, causing malaria-related symptoms, which were missed by our laboratory methods. At each survey, eligible study participants were assigned to either sub-cohort and followed up until the next survey at which their clinical and infection status was reassessed. Time at risk was defined as either the interval between two consecutive surveys in which the subjects participated (the first survey in the pair was defined as the baseline survey) or the interval between the baseline survey and the date when subjects left the study, whatever came first. Analysis was adjusted for subjects' age (stratified as <15 years and ≥15 years), Duffy blood group negativity, and years of residence in Amazonia. The clustering of repeated observations within individuals was modeled as a random effect .
As required for all observational studies published by PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, this article includes the STROBE (STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology) checklist to document its compliance with STROBE guidelines (Checklist S1).
Study protocols were approved in early 2010 by the Institutional Review Board of the University Hospital of the University of São Paulo (1025/10) and by the National Human Research Ethics Committee of the Ministry of Health of Brazil (551/2010). The ethical clearance has been renewed annually by the Institutional Review Board of the University Hospital of the University of São Paulo. Written informed consent was obtained from all study participants or their parents/guardians.
Subject characteristics and prevalence of malaria infection
Of 584 people living in Remansinho who participated in at least one cross-sectional survey, 333 (57.0%) were male and 251 (43.0%) were female, with a median age of 23.0 years. Nearly all (94.3%) adult subjects aged more than 18 years were migrants, 42.2% of them originating from malaria-free areas outside Amazonia. Only 31 subjects (6.4%) were homozygous FY*BES carriers, with the P. vivax-refractory Duffy-negative (Fy) phenotype; 127 (26.1%) had the Fya phenotype (70 FY*AFY*BES heterozygotes and 57 FY*A FY*A homozygotes), 142 (29.2%) had the FyaFyb phenotype (FY*A FY*B heterozygotes), and 187 (38.4%) had the Fyb phenotype (91 FY*BFY*BES heterozygotes and 96 FY*B FY*B homozygotes).
Polyethylene bed-nets treated with 2% permethrin (Olyset Net, Sumitomo Chemical, London, United Kingdom) were distributed, free of charge, to the entire study population in August 2012, as a component of malaria control activities in Brazilian Amazonia. In October–November 2012 (survey 7), 74.4% of the study participants reported having slept the previous night under an Olyset net; the corresponding figure for April–May 2013 (survey 8) was 84.5%. No other insecticide-treated bed nets were available in the community.
A total of 1,541 blood samples were examined for malaria parasites by microscopy, qPCR, or both. Of these, 141 (9.1%) were positive (by one or both methods) for P. vivax, 40 (2.6%) for P. falciparum and 10 (0.6%) for both species. Over the entire study period, 191 (12.4%) samples examined tested positive for malaria parasites; 10 P. vivax and 2 P. falciparum infections were only diagnosed by microscopy, since DNA samples were not available for qPCR or qPCR yielded negative results. In addition, 61.8% of all infections diagnosed by qPCR, regardless of the infecting species, and 49.6% of the qPCR-confirmed single-species P. vivax infections, were missed by conventional microscopy and thus defined as subpatent. The last P. falciparum infections in Remansinho were diagnosed (by qPCR only) in March–April 2011.
These figures, however, changed over time. The numbers of malaria infections, either symptomatic or not, diagnosed by conventional microscopy and qPCR in each cross-sectional survey are shown in Table 1. The proportions of qPCR-confirmed single-species P. vivax infections that were subpatent varied widely across surveys, ranging from 73.1% in the surveys with the lowest P. vivax prevalence rates (surveys 4, 6, 7, and 8 combined; 26 qPCR-confirmed infections) to 43.8% in those with the highest prevalence rates (surveys 1, 2, 3, and 5 combined; 105 qPCR-confirmed infections; Yates' corrected χ2 = 6.02, 1 degree of freedom [df], P = 0.014). The numbers of P. falciparum and mixed-species infections were too small for a similar comparison. Microscopy thus had a better diagnostic performance for vivax malaria when overall parasite prevalence rates were higher, consistent with a recent meta-analysis of P. falciparum data showing lower proportions of submicroscopic infections in areas with greater malaria transmission .
Malaria-related symptoms, parasite density, and gametocytes
Overall, 17.1% of the study subjects (ranging between 12.3% in survey 6 and 39.6% in survey 1) interviewed during the cross-sectional surveys reported one or more malaria-related signs and symptoms up to seven days prior to the interview (Table 1). However, reported clinical signs and symptoms were neither sensitive nor specific for malaria diagnosis. On the one hand, almost two thirds (64.5%) of all qPCR-confirmed malaria infections by any species, and 56.6% of those due to P. vivax, were asymptomatic; on the other hand, only 26.7% of subjects reporting symptoms had a malaria infection (by any species) confirmed by microscopy, qPCR, or both. All carriers of mixed-species infections (all of them confirmed by qPCR but missed by microscopy) were asymptomatic (Table 1).
Most P. vivax-infected subjects harbored few parasites, with densities estimated by qPCR on 129 samples ranging between 2.1 and 38,390 parasites/µL (median, 49.1 parasites/µL; interquartile range, 10.0–483.1 parasites/µL; data were missing for 2 qPCR-confirmed infections). We found no evidence for decreasing P. vivax densities with increasing cumulative exposure to malaria in this population. In fact, individual P. vivax parasitemias did not show a negative correlation with the subjects' length of residence in Amazonia, a proxy of cumulative exposure to malaria (Spearman correlation coefficient rs = −0.046, P = 0.600), or with their age (rs = −0.068, P = 0.427). We next tested whether differences in the diagnostic sensitivity of conventional microscopy across cross-sectional surveys might be explained by higher average parasite densities found at times of increased malaria transmission . Parasitemias appeared slightly higher in qPCR-positive samples (P. vivax only) obtained during surveys 1,2,3 and 5 (high prevalence), with a median of 55.7 parasites/µL (interquartile range, 10.4–597.6 parasites/µL; n = 103), than in those obtained during surveys 4,6,7, and 8 (low prevalence), with a median of 19.8 parasites/µL (interquartile range, 5.8–65.4 parasites/µL; n = 26), although the difference did not reach statistical significance (Mann-Whitney U test, P = 0.057).
The proportion of symptomatic P. vivax infections correlated positively with increasing parasite density (χ2 for trend = 7.99, 1 df, P<0.005). Only 30.6% of the subjects carrying less than 10 parasites/µL, but 73.9% of those carrying more than 1,000 parasites/µL, reported one or more malaria-related symptoms (Figure 2). Consistent with previous observations from Amazonia , , more than half (53.9%) of the asymptomatic infections with this species confirmed by qPCR were missed by conventional microscopy (Table 1). Overall, 32.8% of the 131 single-species, qPCR-confirmed P. vivax infections for which complete data were available were both subpatent and asymptomatic (Figure 3). Only one P. vivax infection was diagnosed by qPCR, but missed by conventional microscopy, among 88 samples collected from Duffy-negative study participants during the 8 cross-sectional surveys. The only reported symptom during this subpatent P. vivax infection in a Duffy-negative subject was a chronic myalgia; parasite density was very low (9.9 parasites/µL of blood).
The bar widths are proportional to the number of cases within each parasite density class. A total of 129 P. vivax infections were classified according to the presence of symptoms and parasite density.
The latter group comprises infections with no pvs25 gene transcripts detected by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR; note that all agametocytemic infections were both asymptomatic and subpatent.
To estimate the relative contribution of asymptomatic parasite carriage to the total P. vivax biomass in the host population, we summed up all individual qPCR-derived P. vivax densities and calculated the fraction corresponding to asymptomatic infections. Assuming that, on average, asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects have similar whole blood volumes, we concluded that most (54.4%) P. vivax blood stages circulating in Remansinho at the time of the surveys were found in apparently healthy subjects who were unlikely to have their infection diagnosed through case detection strategies targeting only febrile subjects. The number of P. falciparum and mixed-species infections was too small for similar analyses.
Next, we examined whether P. vivax gametocyte carriage was similarly frequent in symptomatic and asymptomatic infections. We detected pvs25 gene transcripts, consistent with mature P. vivax gametocytes circulating in the bloodstream, in all 32 symptomatic infections, and in 21 of 23 (91.3%) asymptomatic infections from which cryopreserved blood samples were available for RNA extraction. Interestingly, 25 of 27 (92.6%) subjects with subpatent P. vivax parasitemia, and all 28 subjects with patent infection, had pvs25 gene transcripts detected by qRT-PCR. Therefore, qRT-PCR failed to detect pvs25 transcripts in only 2 (3.6%) of 55 samples tested (Figure 3), both of them collected from asymptomatic carriers of low parasitemias (6.3 and 11.0 parasites/µL). Not surprisingly, the number of pvs25 transcripts per µL of blood, measured by qRT-PCR, correlated positively with the qPCR-derived overall parasite density (rs = 0.445, P<0.0001).
Risk factors for P. vivax infection and disease
The mixed-effects logistic regression model showed that the risk of P. vivax infection decreased with increasing cumulative exposure to malaria, consistent with anti-parasite immunity being acquired in this population (Table 2). Each additional year of residence in Amazonia decreased the average odds of being infected by 2% (Figure 4). There was no significant interaction between age and years of residence in Amazonia (P = 0.9008), suggesting that the subjects' age when exposure started did not affect, in this migrant population, the rate of decline in P. vivax infection risk with increasing time of residence in Amazonia. Calendar time was also a major determinant of infection risk; each month elapsed since March 2010 was associated with a 7% decrease in the odds of being infected (Table 2). Moreover, the grouping variable “survey” accounted for 99.9% of the random effect variance in the mixed-effects model, with minor contribution of individual- and household-level grouping.
Lines represent median individual probabilities derived from the final (fully adjusted) mixed-effects logistic regression models; the shaded area surrounding the lines represent interquartile ranges.
Interestingly, adjusting for more proximate determinants affected the association between age and risk of infection with P. vivax in multivariate models. Age under 15 years was a protective factor of borderline significance (partially adjusted OR = 0.616; 95% CI, 0.33–0.95, P = 0.057) in the first model, which also adjusted for sex, years of residence in Amazonia, Duffy blood group genotype, months elapsed since the beginning of the study, and wealth index quartiles. However, after adjusting for main occupation, the effect of age on infection risk became non-significant (fully adjusted OR = 1.169; 95% CI, 0.63–2.19, P = 0.624). These results indicate that young age per se is not protective, but young subjects are less likely to engage in activities such as logging and fishing in the fringes of the rain forest, which are potentially associated with increased risk of infection (Table 2).
Not surprisingly, Duffy-negativity emerged as a protective factor against P. vivax infection in this community (Table 2). However, additional logistic regression models including only Duffy-positive subjects showed that, compared to FY*A FY*B heterozygotes, neither FY*A FY*BES heterozygotes (OR = 0.864; 95% CI, 0.43–1.73) and FY*A FY*A homozygotes (OR = 0.921; 95% CI, 0.48–1.75) were protected against P. vivax infection, nor FY*B FY*BES heterozygotes (OR = 1.226; 95%, 0.69–2.17) and FY*B FY*B homozygotes (OR = 0.588; 95% CI, 0.32–1.09) were at increased risk of infection. These results are consistent with a protective role of FY*BES heterozygosity, but not of FY*A allele carriage, against P. vivax infection in this population.
The risk of clinical P. vivax malaria decreased with increasing cumulative exposure to malaria (Table 2); each additional year of residence in Amazonia decreased the odds of having vivax malaria by 3%, again with no significant interaction between age and length of residence in Amazonia (P = 0.863). These findings are consistent with similar exposure-dependent rates of acquisition of anti-parasite and anti-disease immunity in this community. Calendar time was the only other major determinant of malaria risk; each month elapsed since the beginning of the study was associated with an 8% decrease in the odds of having clinical vivax malaria (Table 2). Due to the small sample size, Duffy-negativity emerged as a protective factor of borderline significance (OR = 0.16, 95% CI, 0.02–1.29, P = 0.084) against clinical vivax malaria.
Asymptomatic P. vivax carriage and subsequent risk of clinical malaria
In Brazil, malaria is only treated if blood smear microscopy is positive; subpatent malaria parasitemia as determined with qPCR is not accepted as the basis for treatment. Of 53 asymptomatic subpatent P. vivax infections diagnosed at baseline, 9 (17.0%) progressed to clinical malaria over the following 6 weeks, being diagnosed by onsite microscopy and treated (Figure 5). During this 6-week period, only 2.5% of the subjects in the uninfected cohort experienced an episode of slide-confirmed vivax malaria, but at the end of the follow-up period similar proportions of subjects in each sub-cohort had experienced vivax malaria episodes confirmed by microscopy (Figure 5). A Cox proportional hazards model revealed no significant difference, between the two sub-cohorts, in overall risk of vivax malaria episodes, after controlling for potential confounders (hazard ratio = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.52–2.22, P = 0.840). Most subpatent asymptomatic infections cleared spontaneously (or, at least, became undetectable by qPCR), since only 5 of 44 (11.4%) carriers who remained untreated were again P. vivax-positive in the next survey. Therefore, few asymptomatic and subpatent P. vivax infections eventually became patent and symptomatic (and therefore detectable by routine malaria surveillance) over the following weeks. We conclude that untreated, low-density, and asymptomatic P. vivax parasitemias may persist for several weeks without progressing to clinical disease, and thus constitute a major infectious reservoir for continued transmission in the community.
Dashed lines represent the respective 95% confidence intervals. The small vertical tick-marks indicate the occurrence of a slide positive case of P.vivax, corresponding to the right censoring of the individual survival time. A Cox proportional hazards model revealed no significant difference, between the two groups, in overall risk of vivax malaria episodes, after controlling for potential confounders (hazard ratio = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.52–2.22, P = 0.840).
Multiple-clone P. vivax infections and malaria-related illness
By typing two highly polymorphic markers, we found more than one genetically distinct clone in 25 of 85 (29.4%) P. vivax infections analyzed. Although multiple-clone infections were more frequent in symptomatic (13 of 38, 34.1%) than asymptomatic (12 of 47, 25.5%) carriers, this difference did not reach statistical significance (Yates' corrected χ2 = 0.762, 1 df, P = 0.382). Because average P. vivax densities were lower in asymptomatic infections and detecting minority clones may be more difficult in samples with low-level parasitemias, we re-analyzed the data after stratifying parasite densities into quartiles. Again, stratified analysis yielded negative results (Mantel-Haenzel χ2 = 0.004, 1 df, P = 0.991). Therefore there was no observable association between multiplicity of P. vivax infection and the presence of symptoms in this community.
This longitudinal study in newly opened frontier settlements provides further evidence that carriers of low-density parasitemias, who are often missed by conventional microscopy, contribute significantly to ongoing P. vivax transmission in rural Amazonia. Results from this and other studies in Amazonia –, , challenge the often persisting view that subjects in low malaria transmission settings are unlikely to harbor low parasitemias, due to the lack of acquired immunity. To the contrary, average parasite densities decreased, with higher proportions of P. vivax infections being missed by microscopy, as malaria prevalence decreased in the community. Interestingly, our findings for P. vivax are consistent with a recent meta-analysis of 106 P. falciparum prevalence studies worldwide that combined microscopy and molecular methods . Because the risk of P. vivax infection (confirmed by microscopy, qPCR, or both) correlated negatively with cumulative exposure to malaria, we suggest that our study population has developed over time some degree of anti-parasite immunity, in line with recent findings from traditional riverine communities in Amazonia , . Finally, we show that nearly all subpatent blood-stage P. vivax infections comprise mature gametocytes detected by a highly sensitive molecular technique . We thus conclude that subpatent infections constitute a major P. vivax reservoir in rural Amazonia and possibly in other low-transmission settings.
Our findings also challenge classical views regarding asymptomatic infections in low-endemicity populations. Prior to the molecular diagnosis era, nearly all laboratory-confirmed episodes of malarial infection, even those with low parasite densities, were thought to elicit clinical disease in pioneer settlements across the Amazon Basin –. More recent surveys, however, demonstrated that subclinical infections are common in agricultural settlements , and traditional riverine communities , , , , but most of them are missed by microscopy. Interestingly, the high proportion of infections found to be asymptomatic in the present study must be interpreted as a conservative estimate. We may have misclassified some episodes of parasite carriage in subjects reporting any of the 13 symptoms investigated, which may or may not be caused by the current infection, as symptomatic malaria infections, overestimating the proportion of symptomatic infections. Not surprisingly, however, we found very low P. vivax densities in most subclinical infections in Remansinho. Conventional microscopy missed 54% of them, suggesting that previous microscopy-based studies failed to detect asymptomatic parasite carriage in rural Amazonians because they missed a large proportion of low-density infections. Mathematical models identified asymptomatic infections as a crucial target for P. falciparum malaria eradication efforts in Africa , but no similar analyses are available for other endemic areas and other human malaria parasite species . The following findings argue for a major role of asymptomatic infections in maintaining ongoing P. vivax transmission in Remansinho: (a) apparently healthy subjects accounted for half of the total P. vivax biomass found in the local population, (b) nearly all asymptomatic infections comprised mature gametocytes, and (c) few untreated asymptomatic infections became symptomatic (and thus detectable by routine surveillance) over the next few weeks of follow-up. We were unable to measure the average duration of untreated, asymptomatic infections in our population; there is a recent estimate of 194 days of duration for untreated P. falciparum infections in Ghana , but no comparable estimate is currently available for P. vivax. Specific studies to quantify the transmissibility of subpatent parasitemia to vector mosquitos via direct and membrane feeding assays are ongoing (JMV and colleagues, unpublished data).
Who are at risk of malaria in Remansinho? Migrants from malaria-free areas (54.5% of the adults in the community) constitute a major risk group, with each year of residence in Amazonia decreasing their risk of P. vivax infection and clinical vivax malaria by 2–3%. In some Amazonian communities, malaria has been associated with forest-related activities such as logging, fishing and mining, which typically involve young male adults , , , . However, we show that housekeeping and forest-related activities were associated with similar risks for infection and disease in Remansinho. We hypothesize that nearly all adolescents and adults of both genders engage to some extent in farming activities, especially harvesting, in the forest fringes close to their dwellings, although only young males are often involved in logging and land clearing in more densely forested areas. We are currently using high-resolution satellite images to measure the distance between dwellings and forest fringes to further explore the association between proximity to the forest environment and risk of malaria in Remansinho. Interestingly, malaria transmission appears to be relatively homogeneous across all settlements in the area, equally affecting the poorest and least poor people of both sexes, with no differences in risk according to main house characteristics. Whether the vectorial capacity of An. darlingi is spatially homogeneous is a key question to be answered by ongoing vector biology studies in this site.
Detection of gametocytes, through pvs25 gene transcripts, in nearly all qPCR-confirmed P. vivax infections tested is somewhat surprising, since recent studies have found much lower proportions of gametocyte-positive infections in Southeast Asia , and Papua New Guinea . Since gametocytes comprise only 2% of circulating blood stages , microscopists are likely to miss gametocytes in population-based studies where low-density infections are often sampled . Furthermore, we argue that even molecular methods may be poorly sensitive if suboptimal techniques for sample storage and RNA extraction are used under field conditions. For RNA isolation, we cryopreserved venous blood samples at −70°C or in liquid nitrogen a few hours after collection, since our previous attempts to amplify pvs25 transcripts from RNA isolated from classic FTA microcards (Wathman), QIAcards (Qiagen), 903 protein saver cards (Whatman), and 3MM filter papers (Whatman) impregnated with P. vivax-infected blood and kept at ambient temperature had all failed . Storing filter papers impregnated with blood in TRizol reagent (Qiagen) may improve RNA yield, but almost two thirds of the bloodspots from PCR-confirmed P. vivax infections tested by Wampfler and colleagues were negative for pvs25 transcripts by TaqMan assays, despite previous TRizol reagent treatment.
Long-term asymptomatic carriage of P. falciparum has been suggested to protect against subsequent malaria-related disease in Africa , , possibly by reducing the risk of superinfection with more virulent strains. An explanation for this finding is premunition, originally defined by Sergent and Parrot (1935) as the protection against new infections resulting from immune responses to the existing infection . Alternatively, ongoing blood-stage infection might arrest the development of subsequently inoculated sporozoites in the liver. Such an inhibition of superinfection appears to be mediated by the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, produced in response to blood-stage parasitemia . However, an opposite effect (i.e., increased risk of subsequent disease in asymptomatic P. falciparum carriers) has also been described, suggesting that a proportion of asymptomatic infections will eventually reach the host's pyrogenic threshold . Here we found no significant association between asymptomatic carriage of low-density P. vivax infection and protection from subsequent malaria morbidity, suggesting that treating individuals with asymptomatic P. vivax infections would not render them more vulnerable to clinical malaria over the next few weeks or months.
Although we have identified challenges for malaria control that are not currently addressed by routine surveillance, malaria transmission in Remansinho has declined dramatically over 3 years of surveillance, and P. falciparum was found only during the first four surveys. Factors that may have contributed to this decline include drastic environmental changes resulting from logging and land clearing for farming, variation in climate, the widespread use of insecticide-treated bed-nets since August 2012, and the implementation of research activities in the area.
To address the first two hypotheses, we are now analyzing high-resolution satellite images to track environmental changes over time. Consistent with the third hypothesis, two studies have provided evidence that insecticide-treated bed-nets are effective for malaria control in Amazonia. The first was a case-control study in Colombia that showed more than 50% reduction in malaria, relative to no net use, although the advantage of impregnated over non-impregnated nets was not statistically significant . The second study, a randomized trial of lambdacyhalothrin- versus placebo-treated nets in the Amazonas State of Venezuela, showed a protective efficacy of 55% . Whether insecticide-tread bed-nets alone can reduce malaria incidence rates throughout the Amazon Basin remains uncertain, mostly due to the highly variable biting behavior of An. darlingi across the region , with strong evidence of significant blood-fed and exophilic host-seeking behavior –. In addition, the decline in transmission in Remansinho preceded the distribution of bednets. Finally, the presence of a research team continuously working in the area for over 3 years may affect positively both diagnostic and treatment practices. The external slide revision routinely carried out by our team provides an example of intervention that may have enhanced the diagnostic skills of local microscopists. Moreover, active case detection during 8 consecutive surveys allowed for the early diagnosis and prompt treatment of several slide-positive asymptomatic infections that would have been missed by routine passive surveillance.
Eliminating residual foci when malaria is nearly disappearing, but remains entrenched in a few hotspots, is the next major goal in Remansinho and many other similar endemic settings. Case detection strategies in areas approaching malaria elimination often target only subjects presenting with fever or with a history of recent fever, who are screened for malaria parasites by conventional microscopy or rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and receive prompt antimalarial treatment if found to be infected . These strategies overlook asymptomatic infections that might be detected by periodic cross-sectional surveys of the entire population at risk , as we did in Remansinho. Nevertheless, the cost-effectiveness of mass blood surveys for detecting and treating these residual infections decreases proportionally as malaria transmission declines, since: (a) large populations must be screened to diagnose relatively few asymptomatic carriers, and (b) diagnostic techniques available for large-scale use, such as microscopy and RDT, are not sensitive enough to detect low-grade infections that are typical of residual malaria settings . As an alternative, we are currently testing a reactive case detection strategy that has been tailored for the relapsing parasite P. vivax to detect new infections in the neighborhood of malaria cases diagnosed by routine surveillance in frontier settlements similar to Remansinho. Evaluating this and other strategies of active surveillance to cope with asymptomatic infections in residual P. vivax foci is a top research priority in the context of current malaria elimination efforts worldwide.
Map showing the five human settlements within Remansinho area. Open circles are approximate locations of the households with study subjects.
Conceptual hierarchical framework used to evaluate risk factors for P. vivax infection and clinical vivax malaria in mixed effects logistic regression models.
STROBE (STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology) checklist. As required for all observational studies published by PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, this paper includes the STROBE checklist to document its compliance with STROBE guidelines.
Detailed description of the molecular methods used to detect malaria parasites and gametocytes, as well as of the hierarchical approach used to model risk factors for P. vivax infection and clinical vivax malaria. This supplement includes Figure S2.
We thank all inhabitants in Remansinho for their enthusiastic participation in this study; Dr. Carla Roberta O. Carvalho and Dr. Mauro R. Tucci (University of São Paulo) for clinical support; Dr. Ariel M. Silber (University of São Paulo) and Dr. Cristiana F. Alves de Brito (Fiocruz) for laboratory support during fieldwork; Cleide F. Nunes and Eusueli Arraes da Silva for onsite microscopic diagnosis of malaria; and Márcio C. Santana, Andrecresa N. Duarte, and Francisco Naildo C. Leitão for overall support during fieldwork.
Conceived and designed the experiments: ABG MdSN JMV MCC MUF. Performed the experiments: NFL CLB MdSB. Analyzed the data: SB ABG MCC MUF. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: SB JMV MCC MUF. Carried out field work: SB ABG CLB VCN PSF RMG SASV MJM KKGS CEC RdSM MdSN MCC MUF.
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- 64. Stresman G, Kobayashi T, Kamanga A, Thuma PE, Mharakurwa S, et al. (2012) Malaria research challenges in low prevalence settings. Malar J 11: 353. | <urn:uuid:8d05bc7c-eb83-44b6-bafe-40276b9639b8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0003109 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.911064 | 16,564 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Very awkward, apparently.
oogle's latest Blogger re-design seems to have snatched the last semblance of standards-compliance from the flailing grasp of the dying platform.
Not only is it impossible to make Blogger insert
<p> tags around paragraphs, but marking some content as bold still only wraps it in
<b> tags instead of the more standards-compliant
Both Tumblr and Posterous seem to have sensed the blood in the water and introduced a leaner, faster and more content-centric solution. Posterous is now looking a little lost, with its introduction of Spaces, but the ability to post to multiple blogs via e-mail is still a very strong and useful feature.
Wordpress feels bloated to me, but many swear by its excellent build quality, huge feature list and the ability to make it do whatever the hell you want. It is also more useful for those looking to host their own system, as opposed to using a service provider.
You could always set up a Drupal or Joomla install, but they are much more than blogs and require your own server to really make the most of them.
The most important thing about web content is that it is accessible and portable. I suppose well written should be in there as well, but I see that as part of accessibility.
If we are going to be sharing the content across the web using XML-based feed systems, marked-up with microformats, such as Schema.org, then we need to ensure it is in the clearest, cleanest, most semantic form possible. At the moment, Tumblr seems to be the platform that not only provides that, but also has the options for how we want to edit that format, such as:
- rich text
- plain text/html
What more do we need to get our content out there? | <urn:uuid:a6510ab1-99c1-4b7f-8efc-ac4503a38e92> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kevinbeynon.com/52/content_and_the_blog_part_1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.952891 | 398 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Two major US aquifers contaminated by natural uranium
Nearly 2 million people throughout the Great Plains and California live above aquifer sites contaminated with natural uranium that is mobilized by human-contributed nitrate, according to a study from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
Data from roughly 275,000 groundwater samples in the High Plains and Central Valley aquifers show that many Americans live less than two-thirds of a mile from wells that often far exceed the uranium guideline set by the Environmental Protection Agency.
The study reports that 78 percent of the uranium-contaminated sites were linked to the presence of nitrate, a common groundwater contaminant that originates mainly from chemical fertilizers and animal waste. Nitrate mobilizes naturally occurring uranium through a series of bacterial and chemical reactions that oxidize the radioactive mineral, making it soluble in groundwater.
UNL researchers Karrie Weber and Jason Nolan found that the High Plains aquifer contains uranium concentrations up to 89 times the EPA standard and nitrate concentrations up to 189 times greater. The uranium and nitrate levels of the California-based Central Valley aquifer measured up to 180 and 34 times their respective EPA thresholds.
The authors published their findings in the August edition of the journal Environmental Science and Technology Letters. Their research was funded in part by the U.S. Geological Survey.
"It needs to be recognized that uranium is a widespread contaminant," said Weber, assistant professor of biological, Earth and atmospheric sciences. "And we are creating this problem by producing a primary contaminant that leads to a secondary one."
Prior research has suggested that prolonged drinking of uranium-contaminated water may lead, or make people more susceptible, to kidney damage and elevated blood pressure. According to Weber, peer-reviewed studies have also indicated that food crops can accumulate uranium when irrigated by water containing high concentrations of it.
The High Plains aquifer—the largest in the United States—provides drinking water and irrigation for an eight-state swath that stretches from South Dakota through Nebraska and into northern Texas. As California's largest reservoir, the Central Valley aquifer sits beneath some of the state's most fertile agricultural land. According to a 2012 census from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the two aquifers irrigate cropland that accounts for one-sixth of the annual revenue generated by U.S. agriculture.
The researchers also determined that only one of the six wells located near a former or current mining site was contaminated. This finding counters the notion that uranium contamination stems primarily from mining operations or spent nuclear fuel, Weber said.
"We hope that this study serves as a catalyst to get other people interested in this issue," she said. "If the problem is this widespread, more research needs to be done. We're limited by the data that's been collected, and uranium isn't often monitored."
Weber said the expense of water treatment plants—specialized facilities that can cost tens of millions of dollars—often puts them out of financial reach for smaller and rural communities. Addressing the issue might require managing groundwater and focusing on the aquifers' sediment, which houses bacteria that can help control uranium by breathing and eating it, she said.
Regardless of the approach, Weber said it is important for decision-makers and researchers to account for the presence of uranium in U.S. water sources.
"When you start thinking about how much water is drawn from these aquifers, it's substantial relative to anywhere else in the world," Weber said. "These two aquifers are economically important—they play a significant role in feeding the nation—but they're also important for health.
"What's the point of having water if you can't drink it or use it for irrigation?" | <urn:uuid:c878cbcd-8123-4b09-b548-9e3624e64280> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://phys.org/news/2015-08-major-aquifers-contaminated-natural-uranium.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.957111 | 769 | 3.0625 | 3 |
The definitions in this section apply to this chapter.
"Biological control agent" means a parasite, predator, pathogen, or competitive organism intentionally released by humans for the purpose of biological control with the intent of causing a reduction of a host or prey population.
"Certificate" means a document authorized or prepared by a federal or state regulatory official that affirms, declares, or verifies that an article, plant, product, shipment, or other officially regulated item meets phytosanitary, nursery inspection, pest freedom, plant registration or certification, or other legal requirements.
"Certification" means a regulatory official's act of affirming, declaring, or verifying compliance with phytosanitary, nursery inspection, pest freedom, plant registration or certification, or other legal requirements.
"Commissioner" means the commissioner of agriculture or the commissioner's designated employee, representative, or agent.
"Compliance agreement" means a written agreement between a person and a regulatory agency to achieve compliance with regulatory requirements.
"Conveyance" is a means of transportation.
"Department" means the Department of Agriculture.
"Emergency regulation" means a regulation placed in effect by the commissioner without prior public notice in order to take necessary and immediate regulatory action.
"Eradication" means elimination of a pest from a defined geographic area.
"Exotic species" means a species that is not native to the area. Exotic species also means a species occurring outside its natural range.
"Harmful plant pest" means a plant pest that constitutes a significant threat to the agricultural, forest, or horticultural interests of Minnesota or the general environmental quality of the state.
"Infected" means a plant that is:
(1) contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms;
(2) being parasitized;
(3) a host or carrier of an infectious, transmissible, or contagious pest; or
(4) so exposed to a plant listed in clause (1), (2), or (3) that one of those conditions can reasonably be expected to exist and the plant may also pose a risk of contamination to other plants or the environment.
"Infested" means a plant has been overrun by plant pests, including weeds, or contains or harbors plant pests in a quantity that may threaten other plants.
"Invasive species" means an exotic or nonnative species whose introduction and establishment causes, or may cause, economic or environmental harm or harm to human health.
"Mark" means an official indicator affixed by the commissioner for purposes of identification or separation, to, on, around, or near, plants or plant material known or suspected to be infected with a plant pest. This includes, but is not limited to, paint, markers, tags, seals, stickers, tape, ribbons, signs, or placards.
"Nursery stock" means a plant intended for planting or propagation, including, but not limited to, trees, shrubs, vines, perennials, biennials, grafts, cuttings, and buds that may be sold for propagation, whether cultivated or wild, and all viable parts of these plants. Nursery stock does not include:
(1) field and forage crops;
(2) the seeds of grasses, cereal grains, vegetable crops, and flowers;
(3) vegetable plants, bulbs, or tubers;
(4) cut flowers, unless stems or other portions are intended for propagation;
(5) annuals; or
(6) Christmas trees.
"Owner" includes, but is not limited to, the person with the legal right of possession, proprietorship of, or responsibility for the property or place where any of the articles regulated in this chapter are found, or the person who is in possession of, proprietorship of, or has responsibility for the regulated articles.
"Permit" means a document issued by a regulatory official that allows the movement of any regulated item from one location to another in accordance with specified conditions or requirements and for a specified purpose.
"Person" means an individual, firm, corporation, partnership, association, trust, joint stock company, or unincorporated organization; the state; a state agency; or a political subdivision.
"Pest" means any living agent capable of reproducing itself that causes or may potentially cause harm to plants or other biotic organisms.
"Phytosanitary certificate" or "export certificate" means a document authorized or prepared by a duly authorized federal or state official that affirms, declares, or verifies that an article, nursery stock, plant, plant product, shipment, or any other officially regulated article meets applicable, legally established, plant pest regulations, including this chapter.
"Plant" means a plant, plant product, plant part, or reproductive or propagative part of a plant, plant product, or plant part, including all growing media, packing material, or containers associated with the plant, plant part, or plant product.
"Plant pest" includes, but is not limited to, an invasive species or any pest of plants, agricultural commodities, horticultural products, nursery stock, or noncultivated plants by organisms such as insects, snails, nematodes, fungi, viruses, bacterium, microorganisms, mycoplasma-like organisms, weeds, plants, and parasitic plants.
"Preclearance" means an agreement between quarantine officials of exporting and importing states to pass plants, plant material, or other items through quarantine by allowing the exporting state to inspect the plants preshipment, rather than the importing state inspecting the shipment upon arrival.
"Public nuisance" means:
(1) a plant, appliance, conveyance, or article that is infested with plant pests that may cause significant damage or harm; or
(2) premises where a plant pest is found.
"Quarantine" means an enforced isolation or restriction of free movement of plants, plant material, animals, animal products, or any article or material in order to treat, control, or eradicate a plant pest.
"Regulated article" means any item, the movement of which is governed by quarantine or this chapter.
"Regulated nonquarantine pest" means a plant pest that has not been quarantined by state or federal agencies and whose presence in plants or articles may pose an unacceptable risk to nursery stock, other plants, the environment, or human activities.
"Significant damage" or "harm" means a level of adverse impact that results in economic damage, injury, or loss that exceeds the cost of control for a particular crop.
Official Publication of the State of Minnesota
Revisor of Statutes | <urn:uuid:023b9c18-675b-44e0-b798-c20af14f6d7b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/2012/cite/18G.02/subd/18G.02.14 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.912704 | 1,378 | 2.921875 | 3 |
84 people have been rescued from a cruise ship that sank on Sunday on Russia’s Volga River, the regional emergencies center said.
While 84 people have been rescued, one woman had died and 88 are still missing.
The double-deck cruise ship Bulgaria, en route from the Tatar town of Bolgar to Kazan, was carrying 173 people, including 140 passengers and 33 crewmembers, the regional emergencies center earlier said.
The ship sank at 13:58 Moscow time (09:58 GMT) on Sunday near the village of Syukeyevo in the Kansko-Ustinovsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan.
Russian Transportation Ministry established a crisis center to probe into the incident, the ministry said in a statement. | <urn:uuid:17925581-523a-46be-9705-c750fbe94cb1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.windowstorussia.com/84-people-rescued-from-sunken-cruise-ship-on-volga.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.956575 | 156 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Lakeland Republican Kelli Stargel believes that schools need to go beyond just teacher accountability.
“I feel like the missing link was the parent. We need to somehow engage the parent in this process,” Stargel said.
The lawmaker plans on getting parents involved with the help of a parent report card that will be distributed four times a year. For parents with children in Kindergarten through 3rd grade, the card would be included with their child’s report card.
Parents will be given one of three grades:
- Needs Improvement
The grades will be based on the parents’ performance in three areas:
- Attendance [of child]
- Preparation [of child for class]
- Communication [between parent and teacher]
The concept of the parent report card has both supporters and critics.
“I think it’s a good idea. I feel like I would get a pretty good grade,” said parent Rai Smith.
Critics, however, are concerned that parents might take offense, and as a result do even less.
“Parents have a very tough job. I’m a parent. I’m not sure unsolicited [that] I want someone to send something home and say we don’t think you’re a very good communicator,” said teacher Jock Willers.
The proposed law would allow for parents to appeal any grade they disagree with. | <urn:uuid:123d38e6-dd35-48bc-9fb0-575dc0ef8513> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://saintpetersblog.com/rep-kelli-stargels-controversial-plan-to-grade-parents/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.966893 | 311 | 2.1875 | 2 |
- New York Fed President William Dudley said recently passed tax cuts are putting the U.S. on an "unsustainable" fiscal path that will threaten growth in the future.
- The comments echo recent remarks from Fed Chair Janet Yellen, who said in November that escalating public debt and deficits "should keep people awake at night."
- Despite his longer-term pessimism, Dudley raised his outlook for 2018 GDP growth from 2.5 percent to 2.75 percent.
New York Fed President Bill Dudley painted an unflattering picture for future growth, saying in a speech Thursday that the recently passed tax cuts pose an ominous threat down the road.
While he said the reforms that slash corporate taxes and lower rates for many earners will boost the economy in the near term, that "will come at a cost."
"After all, there is no such thing as a free lunch," Dudley said during a speech in New York, according to prepared remarks. "The legislation will increase the nation's longer-term fiscal burden, which is already facing other pressures, such as higher debt service costs and entitlement spending as the baby-boom generation retires."
Both Yellen and Dudley will be leaving the central bank this year — Yellen in February when her term expires and the retiring Dudley likely in mid-year when when the New York Fed finds his replacement.
Their warnings come with the national debt at $20.5 trillion and a budget deficit for the current fiscal year projected at $693 billion. Critics of the tax plan say its estimated $1.5 trillion cost will cause the deficit to skyrocket, though the Trump administration and congressional Republicans insist that economic growth will offset the costs.
Dudley estimates that growth in 2018 will continue to be above trend amid strong consumer spending, rising incomes and sustainable personal debt growth.
However, he warned that while the escalating fiscal issues do "not seem to be a great concern to market participants today, the current fiscal path is unsustainable."
"In the long run, ignoring the budget math risks driving up longer-term interest rates, crowding out private sector investment and diminishing the country's creditworthiness," Dudley said. "These dynamics could counteract any favorable direct effects the tax package might have on capital spending and potential output."
Despite his longer-term pessimism, Dudley raised his outlook for 2018 GDP growth from 2.5 percent to 2.75 percent. He also expressed confidence that inflation will continue to tick up until it meets the Fed's 2 percent goal for healthy growth.
For the long term, he warned not only of the costs the tax cuts will impose on the deficit but also damage down to high-end housing by elimination of state and local property tax deductions.
Otherwise, he is "slightly — but not particularly" concerned about the zooming stock market prices but is more concerned about the economy overheating. | <urn:uuid:a3f0b244-d276-47ad-9419-aa1f29475d67> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cnbc.com/2018/01/11/dudley-warns-that-tax-cuts-putting-economy-on-an-unsustainable-path.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.950257 | 582 | 1.890625 | 2 |
- 1 Who is Pepa in Encanto?
- 2 How do u say Pepa from Encanto?
- 3 Who is Pepa married to encanto?
- 4 How old is Pepa Madrigal Encanto?
- 5 What does Pepa mean?
- 6 What is Mirabel’s power in Encanto?
- 7 Why does Mirabel not have a gift?
- 8 What does Dolores say in Encanto?
- 9 What are some quotes from Encanto?
- 10 Are Pepa Bruno and Julieta triplets?
- 11 How did Pepa and Felix meet Encanto?
- 12 What is Julieta husband’s name Encanto?
- 13 Is Isabella or Luisa older?
- 14 How tall is Peppa from Encanto?
- 15 What is a PEPA drug?
- 16 What is PEPA short for Spanish?
- 17 What kind of drug is PEPA?
- 18 What is abuelas power in Encanto?
- 19 Does Maribel get a gift in Encanto?
- 20 Does Maribel get a power in Encanto?
- 21 What is the point of Encanto?
- 22 Is Mirabel the candle?
- 23 Does Mirabel get her own room?
- 24 Is Dolores The real villain in Encanto?
- 25 Who is the real villain of Encanto?
- 26 Why does she squeak in Encanto?
- 27 Who is the donkey man in Encanto?
- 28 What is Encanto’s tagline?
- 29 What are good family quotes?
- 30 What is the meaning of Surface Pressure song from Encanto?
- 31 What mental illness does Luisa have Encanto?
- 32 What is the main song in Encanto?
- 33 What order were the Encanto triplets born?
- 34 Who is the youngest between Pepa Bruno and Julieta?
- 35 What is Julieta gift in Encanto?
- 36 Do the spouses in Encanto have gifts?
- 37 How old is Julieta from Encanto?
- 38 Is Felix from Encanto black?
- 39 How old is Mirabel Encanto?
Who is Pepa in Encanto?
Carolina Gaitán as Pepa Madrigal
Pepa is one of Alma’s three children and the mom of Dolores, Camilo and Antonio. Her gift allows her to control the weather, with it changing depending on her mood.
How do u say Pepa from Encanto?
Mirabel: We’ll find one. Bruno: Where? Antonio: Use my room. The rats told me everything.
Who is Pepa married to encanto?
Félix Madrigal is a supporting character in Disney’s 2022 animated feature film, Encanto. He is the husband of Pepa Madrigal, and the father of Dolores, Camilo, and Antonio. As he married into the family, Félix lacks a magical gift of his own.
How old is Pepa Madrigal Encanto?
Married to Félix, Pepa is also 50 years old.
What does Pepa mean?
pepa f (plural pepas) (Latin America) pip, stone (seed inside fruits) (Latin America) pepita, certain large edible seeds e.g. sunflower seed synonym ▲ Synonym: pepita.
What is Mirabel’s power in Encanto?
Mirabel’s True Power Was Communicating With Casita
Along the lines of Mirabel following in Abuela Alma’s footsteps, another theory proposes that Mirabel did have a secret power all along. Throughout the film, Mirabel and Abuela Alma are the main characters that interact with Casita.
Why does Mirabel not have a gift?
Though the end of the film reveals Mirabel as the future leader of the Madrigals, it’s unclear why she never received powers during her ceremony. Though Mirabel’s lack of gifts could be because she had brains all along, there are theories that Mirabel may have even sabotaged her own ceremony.
What does Dolores say in Encanto?
After Bruno reveals himself to the family, Dolores says, “I knew he never left.” From the statement, it seems like Dolores may have spoken up about Bruno living in the walls before, but people didn’t believe her. And after years of people telling her she was wrong, perhaps she didn’t believe herself.
What are some quotes from Encanto?
“Surface Pressure” is a song that is featured in Disney’s 2022 animated feature film, Encanto. It is sung by Luisa Madrigal about her stresses of being the strongest member of the family due to her gift of superstrength and trying to live up to Alma’s expectations.
Are Pepa Bruno and Julieta triplets?
Pepa, Bruno and Julieta are triplets, making Pepa Mirabel’s Aunt.
How did Pepa and Felix meet Encanto?
Pepa and Felix met because Felix came from a family of farmers. He would see her on the days she helped water his family’s crops, and how emotionally draining it was on her. Felix would watch as his family would attend to the farm, leaving Pepa to deal with her emotions on her own.
What is Julieta husband’s name Encanto?
Agustín Madrigal is a supporting character in Disney’s 2022 animated feature film, Encanto. He is the husband of Julieta Madrigal and father of Isabela, Luisa, and Mirabel. Having married into the family, Agustín has no magical gift of his own like Mirabel.
Is Isabella or Luisa older?
Born into the Madrigal family, Isabela is the eldest daughter of Julieta and Agustín, and the older sister of Luisa and Mirabel. In addition to being the niece of Félix, Pepa and Bruno, Isabela is also the cousin of Dolores, Camilo and Antonio.
How tall is Peppa from Encanto?
The main character of Encanto, Mirabel is an extremely bright, bubbly, and energetic young woman. Throughout the movie, Mirabel displays a burning passion for saving the miracle, her family, and their home. She is willing to do almost anything to save the people she loves.
What is a PEPA drug?
PEPA is a sulfonamide AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator, which is up to 100 times more potent than aniracetam in vitro. It produces memory-enhancing effects in rats when administered intravenously. PEPA. Clinical data. Other names.
What is PEPA short for Spanish?
Pepa is a variant form of Pepita (Spanish, Hebrew): contraction of Joseph via Pepe. STARTS WITH Pe-
What kind of drug is PEPA?
PEPA is an ampakine drug which acts as an allosteric potentiator of AMPA receptor desensitisation, which is up to 100x more potent than aniracetam in vitro. It produces memory-enhancing effects in rats when administered intravenously.
What is abuelas power in Encanto?
Like Mirabel, Abuela lacks a tangible magical ability like super hearing or seeing the future, but rather acts as the glue that holds the rest of the family together. Abuela’s magic lies in how she creates an environment for the other Madrigals to flourish and use their gifts for good.
Does Maribel get a gift in Encanto?
Though the members of the Family Madrigal all get special powers, Mirabel doesn’t get a gift in the film. In fact, the magic door that’s supposed to lead to her powers and her new magic room simply disappears during her childhood ceremony.
Does Maribel get a power in Encanto?
By the end of the movie, Mirabel and the rest of the Madrigals are finally able to understand each other. They learn to see each other as people, beyond their special gifts and prescribed family roles. But while the Madrigals are able to embrace their imperfections, Mirabel never does get any powers.
What is the point of Encanto?
Per SpanishDict, encanto translates in English to charm or enchantment. It can also be used as a term of endearment, or to refer to a charming person. In the beginning of the film, Abuela and Mirabel describe the entire valley where they live, including Casita and the town, as a place of wonder, or an encanto.
Is Mirabel the candle?
On the night a young Mirabel Madrigal was to be given a magical gift of her own, Alma Madrigal shows the candle to Mirabel before telling her the story of how an ordinary candle transformed into a vessel for the miracle that gave them protection from the threat she and many others fled from, shortly after she lost her …
Does Mirabel get her own room?
Mirabel doesn’t have a room of her own in Disney’s Encanto, but all signs indicate the young Madrigal will get her own space in Encanto 2. Because Mirabel doesn’t get a magical gift, she also doesn’t get a special room in Encanto, but all signs point to the young Madrigal getting her own space in a potential Encanto 2.
Is Dolores The real villain in Encanto?
Audiences connect with the Madrigal family, each member having individual powers and personalities. However, a new theory suggests that Dolores (voiced by Adassa) is actually the villain and is responsible for the candle’s loss of magic in Encanto.
Who is the real villain of Encanto?
Encanto, a movie about the magical Madrigals, doesn’t truly have a bad guy, but one theory speculates that Dolores was the villain all along.
Why does she squeak in Encanto?
Within Encanto then, Dolores’ “squeak” means that she is talking about something potentially upsetting or heard information she was not supposed to know.
Who is the donkey man in Encanto?
Osvaldo Orozco Ortiz is a character who appears in Disney’s 2022 animated feature film, Encanto.
What is Encanto’s tagline?
Magical House. Magical Family. There’s a little magic in all of us …
What are good family quotes?
“My family is my life, and everything else comes second as far as what’s important to me.” “Family and friends are hidden treasures, seek them out and enjoy their riches.” “The memories we make with our family is everything.” “Everyone needs a house to live in, but a supportive family is what builds a home.”
What is the meaning of Surface Pressure song from Encanto?
Yet, in her song “Surface Pressure,” she symbolically pulls up the ground beneath her feet to show that “under the surface,” she has anxieties about supporting her family and community. The song is the only part of Encanto where reality falls away, and the viewer gets a glimpse into a character’s mind.
What mental illness does Luisa have Encanto?
What is this? In a real-life scenario, someone like Luisa might suffer from anxiety and depression due to their constant pressure to perform and fulfill the expectations of others. “Her song, ‘Surface Pressure,’ is relatable to many who experience high-functioning anxiety,” Lurie said.
What is the main song in Encanto?
These factors, as well as the song’s humongous popularity after the film’s release, clearly make “We Don’t Talk About Bruno” the best song in Encanto. Next: Why Encanto’s Best Song Just Outdid Frozen’s “Let It Go!”
What order were the Encanto triplets born?
The birth order is Julieta, Pepa, then Bruno.
Who is the youngest between Pepa Bruno and Julieta?
It’s canon that Julieta is the oldest, then Pepa, and then Bruno is the youngest.
What is Julieta gift in Encanto?
Julieta Madrigal is a supporting character in Disney’s feature film Encanto. She is the firstborn daughter of Alma Madrigal and the late Pedro Madrigal, the older triplet sibling of Pepa and Bruno, the wife of Agustín, the mother of Isabela, Luisa, and Mirabel. Her magical gift is to heal others with food.
Do the spouses in Encanto have gifts?
Each member of this family was given a magical gift, with the purpose of helping the people living in the village. Mirabel was the only person not granted a gift, but inadvertently becomes the person who must undertake a mission to save her Casita and, consequently, the magic of Encanto.
How old is Julieta from Encanto?
Julieta Madrigal — 50 years old
And she’s a triplet. Her magical power is that she can heal people instantly with the food she cooks. Over the course of Encanto, we see her heal Mirabel’s hand, a black eye, bee stings, and more.
Is Felix from Encanto black?
First, we have to mention how important it was that by the end of production, Félix was undeniably Black. While he had a wide nose (like half the family) in this mockup, it wasn’t as clear as his final form that he’s Afro-Latinx.
How old is Mirabel Encanto?
Encanto Mirabel Age
Mirabel is a 15-years-old who is determined to prove her worth, denying to everyone, including herself, that she’s lonely even in her own home. | <urn:uuid:0be1d0df-8adc-4986-bae1-5dfb86fb100c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.2outdoors.com/who-is-pepa-in-encanto/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.950422 | 3,023 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Maharashtra Corona Update Sudden Rise In Deaths Due To Covid Know The Details Here
Maharashtra Corona Update: On Thursday, 1,862 new cases of Kovid-19...
Maharashtra Corona Update: On Thursday, 1,862 new cases of Kovid-19 were found in Maharashtra and seven patients died. An official gave this information. The official said that with the new cases, the number of patients infected so far in the state increased to 80,53,965, while the death toll reached 1,48,124. He said that seven patients who died on Thursday include two patients each from Mumbai, Pune, Satara and one patient from Thane.
The Health Department official said that 410 new cases of Kovid-19 were reported in Mumbai alone. He said that in the last 24 hours, 2,099 patients have been cured of the disease and so far a total of 78,93,764 patients have become infection free. According to the data of the state health department, the recovery rate from the corona virus was recorded at 98.01 percent.
53 deaths due to corona across the country
On the other hand, after the arrival of 19,893 new cases of corona virus infection in a single day yesterday, the number of infected people in the country increased to 4,40,87,037. At the same time, the number of patients under treatment decreased to 1,36,478. According to the latest data released by the Union Health Ministry at 8 am on Thursday, the death toll rose to 5,26,530 after 53 more people died due to infection in the country. The number of patients under treatment for Kovid-19 in the country has come down to 1,36,478, which is 0.31 percent of the total cases. In the last 24 hours, a decrease of 579 patients was registered in the number of patients under treatment. The national rate of recovery of patients is 98.50 percent.
According to the data, the daily infection rate is 4.94 percent, while the weekly infection rate is 4.64 percent. A total of 4,34,24,029 people have become infection free in the country so far and the death rate from Kovid-19 is 1.19 percent. At the same time, 205.22 crore doses of anti-Covid-19 vaccines have been given so far under the nationwide vaccination campaign.
Maharashtra Politics: CM Eknath Shinde’s name plate placed outside ‘Varsha’, when will the Chief Minister shift?
Such increased figures in the country
Significantly, on 7 August 2020, the number of infected people in the country had exceeded 20 lakh, on 23 August 2020, 30 lakh and on 5 September 2020, more than 40 lakh. The total cases of infection crossed 50 lakh on 16 September 2020, 60 lakh on 28 September 2020, 70 lakh on 11 October 2020, 80 lakh on 29 October 2020 and 90 lakh on 20 November. On 19 December 2020, these cases had exceeded one crore in the country. Last year, on May 4, the number of infected had crossed 20 million and on June 23, 2021, it had crossed 30 million. On January 25 this year, the cases of infection had crossed four crores.
Highest number of deaths in a single day in Maharashtra
According to the ministry’s data, 53 cases of death due to infection were reported in the country in the last 24 hours, out of which seven in Maharashtra, five in Delhi, four each in Assam, Himachal Pradesh and West Bengal, three each in Punjab and Uttarakhand. Two cases were reported in Karnataka and one each in Chandigarh, Kerala, Meghalaya, Tamil Nadu, and Uttar Pradesh. At the same time, under the guidelines of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Kerala put the names of 15 more people who lost their lives in the list of deaths due to infection.
Patra Chawl Scam: ‘Sanjay Raut will never do corruption, BJP is scared of him’, statement of brother Sunil Raut | <urn:uuid:ae68f0af-9d5e-4000-9368-3cbd7fae6652> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.spinonnews.com/maharashtra-corona-update-sudden-rise-in-deaths-due-to-covid-know-the-details-here/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.960181 | 863 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Everyone deserves to go home from work safe and healthy. Sadly, during the current pandemic that will not be the case; some workers will die because they became infected with in their workplace. We expect that employers will take all reasonable steps to protect their workers but in truth we know very little about how these workers are exposed and what measures are effective in preventing infection. Governments need to put more research effort into evaluating how effective the current control measures are and in innovating new approaches to better protect workers.
We can become infected in a number of ways. The three most likely routes are from mucous droplets from coughs and sneezes that land directly on our faces; the transfer of virus particles from contaminated surfaces to our nose, mouth or eyes through hand-to-mouth contacts; and by inhaling very small droplets of contaminated mucus suspended in the air.
The most important route is via contaminated hands and this is why there is the ceaseless message from public health professionals to wash your hands frequently through the day, and to avoid touching your face. For most of us inhaling small droplets is an unlikely way to become infected and therefore those wearing facemasks in public are unlikely to see much benefit. However, this is not the case for workers in hospitals and other healthcare settings where there may be specific medical procedures such as intubation that generate high droplet concentrations in the air and efficient respirators and visors can offer important protection during these tasks.
Little is known about the presence of the virus contamination on surfaces in hospitals. We know even less about the concentration of virus in the air. We don’t really know which surfaces to disinfect or when the air concentrations require us to wear a facemask. This lack of evidence means we are using a precautionary approach which often results in our applying all available controls all the time. While this might seem like an effective strategy nobody can continuously maintain such a high level of protection over an extended period. It also means that resources are used unnecessarily, possibly leading to shortages for workers in particular environments where they could provide protection.
Occupational hygienists (also called Industrial hygienists in many countries) are an important public health profession that focuses on protecting workers’ from health hazards at work. Their work spans all hazards from chemicals, dusts, fibres through to physical agents such as noise and vibration, and other workplace hazards. Such people have considerable expertise in identifying hazards, evaluating workers’ exposure to those hazards and implementing effective control measures to reduce risks to health.
Understanding how workers are exposed to the virus will be essential to protect frontline healthcare staff and other at-risk workers such as shop staff, bus drivers and home health care workers. Occupational hygienists have, for many years, been studying the process of how contamination gets onto the skin and how workplace chemicals are ingested through hand-to-mouth contact. There is considerable research that looks at how factors relating to the work process, worker behaviour, and the use of protective equipment all influence the transfer of hazards to the skin and mouth. This work can provide valuable insights for those involved in infection control and developing new ways to protect workers from COVID-19 infection. For example, we know that workers wearing gloves are less likely to touch their face and so this could be a useful strategy for workers outside healthcare who do not normally wear protective gloves.
Occupational hygienists also have considerable experience in selecting suitable personal protective equipment and assessing its effectiveness. Respirators are an important protective measure for many frontline healthcare workers, but to provide reliable protection the masks must be closely fitted to the face or contaminated air will leak between the mask and the face, putting the wearer at risk.
Governments, however, need to promote research into better ways of protecting workers from the virus. In particular research should address:
- How important are respirators in protecting healthcare workers from infection?
- How can we treat or modify surfaces in workplaces to reduce transmission from hand-to-mouth actions?
- What simple behavioural changes in the workplace can be encouraged to reduce the risk of transmission?
There is a great deal of expertise in the occupational hygiene community that can contribute to a better understanding of the spread of this virus and help workers contain and delay community transmission.
Featured image credit: Tedward Quinn. Public Domain via Unsplash. | <urn:uuid:8436b36f-5042-472a-9b3f-00e35e0aeae7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.oup.com/2020/04/protecting-workers-from-covid-19/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.963097 | 890 | 3.3125 | 3 |
Kotel Rabbi Questions Natan Sharansky’s Plan for Egalitarian Prayer
Shmuel Rabinowitz, the rabbi of the Western Wall, said rabbis must weigh whether to oppose a compromise proposal over egalitarian prayer at Judaism’s holiest site.
In a statement Thursday, Rabinowitz vowed to fight against “the slightest deviation” from customary practice at the Western Wall. However, he left unclear whether the compromise forged by Jewish Agency for Israel Chairman Natan Sharansky, which would create a permanent site for egalitarian prayer at a section of the Western Wall called Robinson’s Arch, constituted such a deviation.
“I want the Western Wall to continue to unite the nation as in the past, according to the customs of the site and without veering away from Jewish halachah,” or law, Rabinowitz said. “That said we must, along with the Chief Rabbinate and other great rabbis, examine if we should oppose the proposal referring to Robinson’s Arch, which is not part of the Western Wall synagogue, if this would be a solution acceptable to everyone and will distance dispute from the Western Wall Plaza and prevent the continued provocations and ‘baseless hatred.’”
Earlier this month, Rabinowitz said he “can live with” the Sharanksy compromise. “This re-division of the plaza does not match my worldview, as I believe that there should be one site of prayer according to the place’s customs, but we can live with this solution,” Rabinowitz told Ynet.
But Rabinowitz’s tone appears to have hardened following meetings with Orthodox rabbis in North America – whom Rabinowitz said oppose Sharansky’s proposal – and in the wake of a court ruling this week that women’s prayer in the existing women’s section of the Western Wall Plaza should not be abridged.
“I will fight wholeheartedly against any harm to the holiness of the Western Wall, and I will not allow the slightest deviation from what is and has been customary at the site for decades,” the statement said. Any change “will face strong opposition and bring about a civil war.” | <urn:uuid:23ddc360-6bff-413e-b519-55617ece0146> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forward.com/news/breaking-news/175505/kotel-rabbi-questions-natan-sharanskys-plan-for-eg/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.932814 | 467 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Naturopathic Nutrition stresses the use of whole and organic foods as medicine – an integral concept of healing in many indigenous societies. Today, we see that a return to chemical-free foods, along with other dietary measures, is an effective answer to many health complaints and common conditions.
Naturopathic Nutrition combines knowledge of up-to-date medical science with the wisdom of natural nutritional therapy. It is based on the principle that, given the right conditions, the body has an innate capacity to heal itself.
Whether you have a specific illness, an acute or chronic condition, or you just feel generally below par, nutritional therapy can help to improve your health and enjoyment of life. Good health is the feeling of abundant energy and the ability to cope well with the physical, mental and emotional demands made upon us. Attaining this level of health can be hard in the stressed fuelled modern world that we live in but you can get detailed and personalised advice in the form of a personal nutrition plan to help you get back on track.
Andrea has a special interest in cancer, fatigue illnesses such as long Covid and menopause but helps clients with a variety of other health conditions including:
- Anxiety and stress
- Long Covid and post-viral fatigue
- Diabetes and blood sugar balance
- Eczema and other skin conditions
- Hormonal issues
- Digestive problems
- Women’s Health conditions such as menopause, PMS, PCOS, osteoporosis, endometriosis, fibroids
- Thyroid disorders
- Autoimmune conditions
There are 8 fundamental principles in Naturopathy which are fundamental to my practice:
- The Healing Power of Nature – Naturopathic practitioners work to restore and support these inherent healing systems when they have broken down by using methods, foods and techniques that are in harmony with natural processes.
- Vitality – Life force can be stimulated or suppressed.
- First Do No Harm – Naturopathic practitioners prefer non-invasive treatments that minimise the risks of harmful side effects.
- Find The Cause – Every illness has an underlying cause, often in aspects of the lifestyle, diet or habits of the individual.
- Doctor As Teacher – A principal objective of naturopathic medicine is to educate the patient and emphasise self-responsibility for health. Naturopaths do this by empowering, motivating and informing the patient.
- Treat The Whole Person – Health or disease comes from a complex interaction of physical, emotional, dietary, genetic, environmental, lifestyle and other factors. Naturopathic practitioners treat the whole person, taking all of these factors into account.
- Preventative Medicine – The naturopathic approach to health care can prevent minor illnesses from developing into more serious or chronic degenerative diseases.
- Establish Wellness – The primary goal of the naturopathic practitioner is to establish and maintain optimum health and to promote wellness.
So through my intense training and education as well as my own personal experiences I aim to support people from all walks of life to feel the best that they possibly can
Choosing a practitioner
It is important to choose a qualified nutritional therapist who has undertaken all the necessary training to understand the theory and practice of nutritional therapy. You can check whether a nutritional therapist is registered with the Complementary and Natural Healthcare Council (CNHC) by searching the register here. By choosing nutritional therapists registered with the CNHC you can be confident that they are properly trained, qualified and insured.
Andrea Burton is a qualified Naturopathic Nutritional Therapist and a registered Nutritionist. She is a member of the British Association of Nutrition and Lifestyle Medicine (BANT) and is registered with the Complementary and Natural Healthcare Council (CNHC). This means that she is monitored, regulated and insured and you can be confident that you will receive expert and professional advice. | <urn:uuid:858ef0d6-d05f-48b4-b86c-0aac79357da0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://andreaburtonnutrition.co.uk/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.927517 | 809 | 2.40625 | 2 |
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Don't forget to share! | <urn:uuid:69682afc-cd47-47e8-b207-d7101f52f2c4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cumed.org/starbucks-powerpoint-template/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.878516 | 646 | 1.648438 | 2 |
A recent late-night walk with my border collie Zoe has transported me back to one of the darkest, dreariest days of my 30-year journalistic career. Following her gaze down a utility easement east of Bryan Park a half mile south of downtown, I saw a young whitetail deer, frozen by our presence, hauntingly backlit by a streetlight half a block to the south. Since then, I have read documents from, and stories about, the Bloomington-Monroe County Deer Task Force, which is poised to recommend that city deer be shot.
"Many an urban deer’s days may be numbered if Bloomington adopts the expected recommendations for 'lethal solutions' from its deer task force," a May 15, 2012, Bloomington Herald-Times story began. The group's report includes several such deadly solutions, among them sharpshooters baiting and plugging deer in city parks and on private property, an image that took me back to the Dec. 5, 1993, story I wrote for the H-T titled "Park hunt kills 370 deer."
Both the weather and the mood were cold and dark in Brown County State Park that Saturday nearly two decades ago. The story described the weather as "a steady rain that vacillated between a cold, dank mist and outright deluges." The roads leading to the park gates were lined with anti- and pro-hunt protesters and counter-protesters when the first shot was fired at 7:32 a.m., two minutes after the hunt began.
"Deer and turkey had been hunted to extinction in Indiana by the late 19th century and were reintroduced in the 1930s."
Roughly 100 Indiana Department of Natural Resources (DNR) officials and conservation officers kept the public out until the shooting ended eight-and-a-half hours later.
Throughout the day, hunters emerged from the hills and valleys with dead whitetails draped over their shoulders. The animals ended up in mountainous piles at check-in stations located throughout the 16,000-acre park. Hunters got to keep one for themselves and donated any others they killed to a food bank to feed the hungry.
Opponents had challenged the Brown County hunt in court, only to have an Indiana Court of Appeals panel, which included former Monroe Superior Court Judge John G. Baker, unanimously refuse to stop the historic event the day before it occurred. Never before had an animal been intentionally killed in an Indiana state park.
The 463 hunters were permitted to kill as many as 1,389 deer that day. Still, despite missing the target by more than a thousand, Indiana Department of Natural Resources officials declared the day a success.
"It really is a large number," then-State Parks Director Gerry Pagac told me. "… When I look at all those deer, I think, 'That's an amazing amount of vegetation that won't be eaten.'"
My first exposure to urban deer predated by a decade and a half our recent Bryan Park encounters – first east of the park, then inside it and now west of it. In 1995, I read a New York Times Magazine story titled "Rats with hooves" that detailed their migration into major metro areas like Philadelphia. It included tales of deer chowing on urban vegetation, such as gardens and flowers, the same story some Bryan Park neighbors relate today.
"Farm fields and suburban developments produce an abundance of edge that deer thrive in. As their populations expanded and their natural habitat disappeared, the whitetails followed those edges into cities like Philadelphia and Bloomington."
Spurred by the Times piece, I penned an Aug. 10, 1995, H-T article titled "Southern Indiana again a home where the deer and coyotes roam" that explored how human development patterns and wildlife management have caused deer populations, along with wild turkey and coyote, to explode in rural and urban areas.
Deer and turkey had been hunted to extinction in Indiana by the late 19th century and were reintroduced in the 1930s, when New Deal-era programs like the Civilian Conservation Corps began reclaiming lands as federal and state forests, parks and wildlife areas. As late as the 1970s, wildlife experts told me, entire townships in Lawrence County were devoid of deer, largely due to poaching. Coyotes had most likely always had a remnant population in the state.
As the public lands were managed for wildlife and hunting was controlled, humans occupied the deer's territories, creating ideal conditions for them to flourish. Farm fields and suburban developments produce an abundance of edge that deer thrive in. As their populations expanded and their natural habitat disappeared, the whitetails followed those edges into cities like Philadelphia and Bloomington.
In fact, urban ecosystems can be ideal for deer, according to the Bloomington task force. "Oftentimes, suburban environments tend to provide ideal shelter and food," its website says. "Indeed, due to the use of fertilizers, plants in suburban yards are often more nutrient-rich than food found in the forest."
And the city will remain fertile feeding ground for deer into the foreseeable future.
"It is likely that the local urban environment could actually support many more deer than it currently does," the task force website says. "When it comes to urban deer, wildlife biologists often advise that instead of asking how many deer an urban environment could biologically support, the more salient task is assessing how many deer a community finds acceptable – the social carrying capacity.”
In many areas of Bloomington, especially around Griffy Lake, that capacity has been met and exceeded, deer task force Chair and City Councilman Dave Rollo told the H-T in May.
"A large amount of the (human) population are being adversely affected by the deer,” he said.
Like state wildlife officials in the 1990s, the task force explored the use of non-lethal means of control, including birth control, and trapping and relocating them, Rollo said. None were found to be effective or appropriate.
Echoing the case made for the Brown County hunt, he said the deer have devastated the Griffy Lake undergrowth through overgrazing.
"Biodiversity has crashed, basically, in areas where deer are grazing,” Rollo said.
Shooting the Bryan Park deer is clearly off the agenda, according to minutes from the task force's March 21 meeting, the latest available on its website.
"Due to the use of fertilizers, plants in suburban yards are often more nutrient-rich than food found in the forest." - Bloomington-Monroe County Deer Task Force
"Bryan Park is very visible, proximate to houses and open, without much tree cover," the minutes say. But, in addition to the city-owned Griffy Lake Nature Preserve, other public lands are suitable for hunts, including Winslow Woods, Wapehani Mountain Bike Park, Trillium Horticulture Park, Goat Farm and Southeast Park.
And the discussion involves more than just public lands.
Task force member and Indiana University biology professor Keith Clay noted that 95 percent of Bloomington's undeveloped green space is privately owned. The minutes characterize his comments: "It seems that there is just no way that the community could effectively manage the deer population if hunting were just limited to the 5 percent or so of public green space."
The task force has considered allowing hunts on private properties of at least five acres. But Rollo told the H-T that no decision had been made.
The most likely recommendation, he said, is that the city “cull” the deer herds by creating “clover traps” — fenced-in areas where deer will be lured with food and then shot by sharpshooters.
The deer task force will only make recommendations to public officials from city and county governments. Any move to control the animals will be made by them.
"Just as it was in 1993, any attempt to hunt deer in Bloomington will be an emotional and controversial undertaking."
And just as it was in 1993, any attempt to hunt deer in Bloomington will be an emotional and controversial undertaking.
Some will be all for it.
"I'm not fond of deer,” one southeast side resident told the H-T. “When you can look out and see the babies, and see them grow up the next year and have more babies, it’s very upsetting.”
Others, while not thrilled by the hunts, will be relieved to see action taken.
"I'm just glad the decision has been made to do SOMETHING," one commenter on the H-T story said. "I just hope the plan includes addressing deer in residential neighborhoods, and not just at Lake Griffy. The east side deer issue is considerable."
Others will urge living in harmony with the deer and will blame those who have displaced the deer and created the conditions under which they thrive.
"When you build a house in a deer's home, don't be pissed when the deer invade your home!" another H-T commenter wrote.
"What they are talking about is the stupidest thing I have heard," yet another said. "What time are we living in? We are overrun by people too. Does that mean we should have a task force to curb that too?"
Steven Higgs can be reached at . | <urn:uuid:68e33b51-494f-4de2-9c0f-6bd159447355> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://bloomingtonalternative.com/articles/2012/06/30/10976 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.971099 | 1,933 | 1.851563 | 2 |
The scriptures are rich in symbolism and figurative expression. Ceremonies and ordinances are symbolic in their performance, and all bear record of Jesus Christ (Moses 6:63). Such symbolism is seen in sacrifice (Heb. 9:11–15; Moses 5:7–8); in the sacrament (JST Mark 14:20–24 [Appendix]; Luke 22:13–20); and in baptism (Rom. 6:1–6; D&C 128:12–13). Biblical names especially are symbolic (see Christ, names of and Names of persons). The tabernacle ceremony was symbolic of eternal things (Heb. 8–10), as was the entire law of Moses, containing types and shadows of Christ (Mosiah 13:29–32; Alma 25:15). For other symbolic items see Ex. 20:8–11; Matt. 5:13–16; Jacob 4:5; Alma 37:38–45. | <urn:uuid:8e92a201-0985-4e87-806e-a1b8dda70170> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/bd/symbolism?lang=eng | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.883989 | 198 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Summer is coming! It is important that we protect our body from overheat and sunburn while engaging in outdoor fun. Overexposure to the sun can cause problems such as eye damage, sunburn, premature aging of the skin, skin cancer, and heatstroke. Here are some tips on how to protect yourself from the damaging effects of the sun:
- Minimize outdoor activities between 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. when ultra-violet (UV) rays are most intense.
- Apply sunscreen at least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun with a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of at least 15. Remember to apply on the back of the neck, arms, legs and behind the knees.
- Wear sunglasses with UV absorption of at least 90 percent.
- Drink water frequently to keep your body from overheating.
- Wear a hat, lightweight and light colored clothing. | <urn:uuid:83a87847-cb4e-46ab-9735-58614fae483c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cchrchealth.org/sun-safety-tips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.928932 | 186 | 3.03125 | 3 |
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Article obtained from Photonics RSS Feed.
Tungsten trioxide is the core material in a new type of reflective screen — sometimes described as “electronic paper” — that offers optimal color display and uses ambient light to keep energy consumption to a minimum. The new technology could be used in displays for smart devices.
Traditional digital screens use a backlight to illuminate the text or images displayed upon them, which limits the ability of the material they are displaying to be seen in bright sunshine. Reflective screens use ambient light, mimicking the way our eyes respond to natural paper.
The researchers, from Chalmers University, previously developed an ultrathin, flexible material that reproduced all the colors an LED screen can…READ MORE | <urn:uuid:08d7a3c2-b119-4d28-886c-cc19e70b5c95> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.idex-hs.com/news-events/industry-news/inverted-material-design-brings-reflective-screen-into-focus/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.865421 | 185 | 2.25 | 2 |
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A report released this week by Plug’n Drive, entitled “Electric Vehicles: Reducing Ontario’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions” shows that the greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction potential of electric vehicles (EVs) is considerable and EVs can play an important role in Ontario’s GHG reduction strategy.
The report comes at a time when Ontario’s Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change is looking for ways to help shape Ontario’s Climate Change Action Plan calling for a 15% reduction in GHG emissions by 2022 and an 80% reduction by 2050.
According to StatCan, Ontario’s transportation sector burns more than 16 billion litres of gasoline and emits nearly 37 million tonnes of GHG each year. Through a lifecycle analysis of Ontario’s electricity grid, Plug’n Drive estimates that EVs can reduce these GHG emissions by as much as 67-95% per vehicle.
Plug’n Drive looked at five EV penetration scenarios and calculated the potential emission reductions and cost savings for each. If Ontario were to achieve a 25% increase in EV sales to 2022, the Province would have more than 100,000 EVs on the road by 2050, reducing Ontario’s GHG emissions by as much as 9.19 Mega-tonnes, or 6.5% of Ontario’s total reduction target for 2050. At the same time, EV owners would save a total of $4.4 Billion on fuel costs.
“With our low emitting grid”, said Cara Clairman, President and CEO of Plug’n Drive, “implementing policies that encourage EV adoption in Ontario is one of the easiest and most cost effective ways for Ontario to reach its GHG emissions reduction targets, while offering drivers significant savings on fuel.”
The report also puts forward a series of “EV Friendly” initiatives that, if implemented, would lead to higher EV uptake and, in turn, higher GHG emissions reductions. | <urn:uuid:19c639b0-2906-488d-b25b-ab491d067f37> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.architecturelab.net/electric-vehicles-reducing-ontarios-greenhouse-gas-emissions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.938459 | 441 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Sending your child to summer camps that offer sports can make a huge difference in their communication, teamwork, and personal development. This is because sports offer an inclusive team environment where children learn to work together. Keep reading to learn some of the top benefits of summer camps that offer sports.
The first benefit of summer camps that offer sports is they are safe. Your child will be instructed on the proper techniques, and be closely supervised to ensure no issues arise.
The second benefit of sports at camps is they are fun! Children spend a lot of time in school, reading, writing, and learning math. They need some dedicated time to unwind and have fun. Luckily, sports are a great way to do this.
The last benefit of summer camps that offer sport is that sports allow children to get out of their comfort zone. This means they can try something new, or something they can improve on. With the support of counselors and other campers, your child will gain more confidence while outside their comfort zone.
To learn about more benefits of sending your child to a camp that offers sports, watch the video above! | <urn:uuid:10619129-de21-4ec2-9d13-390c908490e3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://610sportsradio.net/the-benefits-of-summer-camps-that-offer-sports/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.965223 | 229 | 2.375 | 2 |
Norgesskolen started up in 2003 and since then, we have welcomed children from all over the world annually. Norgesskolen is financed by school fees, as the school does not receive any state funding.
The Norwegian classes
The students are primarily taught the Norwegian language, but culture, history and social aspects are also vital parts of the curriculum. The teaching is divided into four daily sessions, each session lasting for about 50 minutes. The students also have classes where they focus on culture or do crafts like baking or making Christmas ornaments.
We adjust the teaching to the students individual level, so that they feel comfortable, yet challenged. The Norwegian language is taught both in the classroom as well as through all the activities they take part in. Attending Norgesskolen should be interesting and fun. Our teachers are experienced in creating a good learning environment, with varied teaching methods.
Some topics are repeated every year and some are unique.
Every year we cover the following topics:
Norwegian traditions such as outdoor activities, celebrating Christmas and May 17th.
Norwegian society (government, values, school system)
Norwegian culture (litterature, music, film and food)
Preparations for Bergenstesten
We offer our students a chance to prepare for Bergenstesten. Bergenstesten is an official test in oral and written Norwegian language proficiency, required to attend Norwegian higher education. The actual test can be taken three times a year, and is offered only by Folkeuniversitetet. We recommend to study their website for more information.
The oldest students (15-18 years) with good overall competencies in Norwegian, are offered to prepare for the test at Norgesskolen. These preparations are afternoon classes, and comes in addition to the regular classes. To offer these classes, we need a minimum of five students to sign up.
The students prepare for questions similar to those of Bergenstesten, covering both the oral and written part. The curriculum follows the competency goals of Norgesskolen. On one of the last days of school, the students have the opportunity to take a previously given original exam, in order to prepare. Please note that this will only be the written part of the test. Everyone taking the mock exam will receive feedback in writing from the teacher.
The curriculum at Norgesskolen is based on the Norwegian curriculum for linguistic minorities. It is an age independent and level based learning platform. Level 2 is higher than level 1. The students at Norgesskolen are between 9 and 18 years old, and have variying Norwegian language skills. Students are divided into groups depending on age and Norwegian language proficiency.
The age groups are as follows: 9-11, 12-14 and 15-18.
The division may vary depending on the group of students.
For more information about the Norgesskolen curriculum, click here.
Activities at the school
All of our activities are closely linked to the Norwegian tradition of sports and outdoor life, meaning lots of outdoor fun! The students will experience Norwegian traditions under the guidance of qualified instructors. The activities are an important part of learning Norwegian.
The students will have the possibility to try many different activities. At the beginning of the first week we have group activities to get to know each other and the school area. The afternoon activities vary from day to day, and the students may choose between several activities. We utilize the school facilities and the area around the school. We have a large gym with all types of sports equipment, a climbing wall, a bouldering room and a dance room available. We also offer activities such as sand volleyball, soccer, capture the flag, dodgeball, dance, swimming, canoeing, running and hiking.
Morning gatherings and other gatherings
During the morning gathering, we sing Norwegian songs. This gives the students an understanding of Norwegian culture, and the students will learn both new and older Norwegian songs. This is a very popular activity where everybody enjoys singing along. In previous years, songs such as "Forelska i Lærern" by The Kids and "Gøy på Landet" have been among student favorites. We also listen to Norwegian pop music.
In the evening, students socialize and eat together in the living room. They may stay outside, in the dorms or go outside the school area with dorm leaders. The students may play billiards, table tennis and various boardgames in the living room. We also have movie nights. The students also have access to pianos, guitars, drums and a dance room.
We will go on a day trip with cultural and historical content somewhere in Telemark.
The camping trip is always popular. The students hike to the camping site about one and a half hour each way. At the camping site, they can go swimming and enjoy different outdoor games. They learn how to set up and take down a tent. In the evening we barbecue “pinnebrød”, sausages and hamburgers.
We emphasize a sense of orientation, cooperation and how to behave in the nature. Climbing, camping and hiking are some of the activities where the children experience outdoor life and learn how to enjoy the Norwegian nature. | <urn:uuid:2c060445-36a9-4ecd-926c-5825e2a43a25> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.norgesskolen.no/about-1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.952563 | 1,137 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Being Cruel to Your Work
Posted on May 3, 2018
My favorite screenwriter is Tony Gilroy who wrote one of my favorite movies, Michael Clayton (2007). Gilroy’s BAFTA lecture on writing original screenplays is incredibly insightful and useful. Gilroy advises writers to be cruel to their work before someone else is. By cruel, he means: edit the hell out of it, which is another way of saying kill every darling before you submit.
A creative work is the process of vomiting onto the page, then shaping, honing, sculpting, trying to create a story, a sense of continuity. The final work is a result of destruction. But how does one know what to destroy? Beta readers help. Editors are vital. Ultimately, the decision is yours. That can be daunting. I think a little self-delusion goes a long way. Every new draft produces a feeling of “completeness,” but no work is ever complete.
The book, Good Prose: The Art of Nonfiction illuminates this point. It’s written by Pulitzer-price winning author Tracy Kidder and his long-time editor who observed that one of Kidder’s gifts is that he can get himself to believe that each submitted draft, even the first draft, is final. Of course, it’s not, but something about Kidder’s ability to think each draft is complete drives him to keep refining his work when he receives feedback.
Kidder’s editor might ask him to obtain more sources, or change tense or point of view, and with each iteration the work improves. Perhaps it all comes down to what write Susan Sontag said, “The writer must be four people: 1) The nut, 2) The moron, 3) The stylist, 4) The critic. 1 supplies the material; 2 lets it come out; 3 is taste; 4 is intelligence.” | <urn:uuid:af10db67-1237-40ec-b438-a5350071fa70> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dustingrinnellblog.com/2018/05/03/being-cruel-to-your-work/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.955357 | 404 | 1.945313 | 2 |
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Costa Ricans struggled to pay taxes by hand Monday after a ransomware cyberattack took down the country’s online tax collection system.
Several Costa Rican government agencies, including the Finance Ministry, are severely hampered after an international cybercriminal gang called Conti locked their systems last month and demanded a ransom payment to make them operable again. The country’s new president, Rodrigo Chaves, declared a state of emergency last week soon after he was sworn in.
Ransomware attacks have become common in recent years, with cybercriminals often strategically attacking businesses and smaller government organizations at times when shutdowns would come at high cost to provide incentives for victims to pay.
The cybersecurity company Emsisoft has estimated that ransomware attacks cost victims more than $600 million in the U.S. last year. But the attack on Costa Rica’s government is the largest known single criminal ransomware attack to date against one country’s government.
Costa Ricans normally pay taxes through an online system, which is still inoperable with Finance Ministry networks down. The country has delayed some tax deadlines until August at the earliest because of the attack. But it’s still collecting a monthly value-added tax on sales and imports.
With no option to pay the VAT online, the Finance Ministry has instructed people to download a program called EDDI7, which works only on Windows operating systems, and then fill in their tax information, print out the forms and physically take them to government-approved banks to pay their taxes.
That system has led to a host of problems, such as customers’ waiting at banks for hours to pay on Monday, reported El Financiero, a Costa Rican financial newspaper.
Alex Vargas, a photographer who lives in a coastal area far from the capital, San José, said that because he uses only Apple Macintosh computers at his office, he had to take his business filings home to use the program on his home computer and then spend the day traveling to and from an approved bank because his local one wasn’t authorized to collect the VAT.
“The whole country is trying to pay taxes at the same time,” Vargas said in a Twitter direct message. “Going to a bank is not the problem. The problem is wasting 2 hours there or more.”
And the EDDI7 app is counterintuitive, Vargas said.
“The app looks like a program from more than 20 years ago,” he said.
Conti, one of the most notorious active cybercriminal gangs, previously locked up computer networks for Ireland’s national health care system, with estimated costs associated with the attack rising as high as 100 million euros ($105 million).
After the cyberattack on Costa Rica, the U.S. State Department offered a reward of $10 million for information leading to Conti leaders.
Chaves said Monday that Conti had collaborators working within his country’s government, according to an account of a news conference translated and reported by The Tico Times, a Costa Rican news outlet.
“We are at war and that is not an exaggeration,” Chaves said. “People inside the country are collaborating with Conti.” | <urn:uuid:f8312e61-af31-4a0a-8ac2-6663674420a9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.yahoo.com/costa-ricans-scrambled-pay-taxes-232341596.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.96531 | 680 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Roofing Tips You May Put Into Practice Today
You need to understand information on roofing before doing any work or maintenance. This article will cover the basics you must know to make the most efficient choice about your roofing options. You could possibly just find yourself learning something about roofing that will save you both money and time.
Always be sure that you’re safe when you have to do any work with the roof. You will get hurt by trying to correct a leak throughout a storm. Up until the rain stops, work with a bucket to hook the water. Later, as soon as the roof is dry, inspect your roof to make any repairs.
Make sure you research any roofer prior to deciding to hire them. Avoid using the initial roofer you see, or one which costs least. Instead you need to look around at different roofing companies where you reside. You could utilize internet resources or seek recommendations from those you realize and trust.
Check that a prospective roof specialist carries liability insurance. Reliable roofers have this sort of insurance. Secondly, if something would get damaged while your roof was being worked on, their insurance firm would cover the costs.
When your roofer is two or three days away from attending at your home, you will find temporary repairs you may undertake. Acquire some heavy plastic material and nail it. This is simply not a long-term fix, but it really will give you some time.
Don’t fix your homes roof with short-term solutions. It’s nice to spend less, nevertheless the additional damage that putting off quality repairs might cause, usually ends up costing more later. Complete the work efficiently so you will find no issues in the foreseeable future.
Closely inspect all roofing materials before installing shingles. Cracked or warped shingles, a bad type or period of nails as well as every other inappropriate materials can doom the installation right from the start. Make sure your shingles are sturdy and without cracks and be sure your nails are long enough to secure the shingles properly.
Roofing companies should always be asked for references if you’re considering doing business with them.
A legit company may have no issue giving you their references. In case a firm is hesitant in providing references, it’s probably better to just move on.
It could mean real problems down the line.
Don’t get discouraged when you can’t locate the original source of any leak in your roof. It won’t require much time that you should identify it by eliminating other possibilities simply by using a hose and another set of eyes. In case you have a sizable house, use mobile phones to dicuss to ensure the water doesn’t enter in the house by mistake while you test possible leak areas.
If a roof leak has you worried, make use of your hose to spray the spot at issue. You will not only be sure whether a leak exists, furthermore you will know precisely where it is. It is simple and less expensive than hiring anyone to search for you.
You should have a better thought of ways to maintain and repair your roof after going over this article. Remember what you discovered and you will definitely create the right decisions concerning the roof. Don’t end up regretting your choices you have made… | <urn:uuid:f55321c2-9697-4cff-8d84-e3fab9a230c8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.june15611.net/thirteen-indications-you-might-be-in-like-with-lifestyle-home-improvement/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.948291 | 684 | 1.664063 | 2 |
The DF ads led to a number of counter campaigns challenging the party's definition of 'Danishness'. Photo: Dansk Folkeparti
A campaign from the anti-immigration Danish People’s Party (DF) is nearly inescapable these days. The ad showing three generations of DF voters can be seen everywhere from train stations to billboards and flourishes around the internet.
The ad’s models smile at the camera under the slogan ‘Our Denmark – there is so much we need to take care of’ (Vores Danmark – der er så meget, vi skal passe på), while a young boy’s hand rests awkwardly on a dog that was digitally inserted into the picture.
The campaign was initially mocked for the poor Photoshop, which DF openly admitted, but criticism soon moved on to more serious issues. Many accused the campaign of being empty populism at a time when Denmark faces societal challenges, as demonstrated by a widely shared photo of a homeless man sleeping under the campaign poster:
But the main criticism directed at the campaign was that it lacked the diversity that exists in modern Danish society. DF was accused of running an exclusionary campaign, prompting a number of Danes to answer with their own versions of the ad that challenged the party’s definition of what it means to be “Danish” in 2016.
Aarhus resident Birgit Bjerre and her husband were taking a ride in a taxi on Friday when they saw three billboards with DF’s ‘Our Denmark’ campaign. They asked their driver, Hamit, how he felt about the ads.
Bjerre wrote on Facebook that Hamit initially said he wasn’t bothered by the ads, before admitting that it made him said.
“We agreed that those billboards made us sad, embarrassed and angry because one party does not have a patent on defining what Denmark is. We certainly won’t just bow our heads and look at it, so we agreed to get some people together and take a photo of Our Denmark to show that we already take care of it – together,” she wrote.
The photo she posted of the two families was shared nearly 3,000 times.
Another photo hit Facebook on Monday, showing a diverse and multi-cultural group of Danes posing under DF’s original campaign slogan.
“‘There is so much we need to take care of.’ That is exactly right. We need to take care of our democracy, our unity, our diversity. And first and foremost we need to take care of each other, because we are all in the same boat,” Alex Ferlini, one of the creators of the ad, wrote in a Facebook post that has been shared nearly 5,000 times.
DF press chief Søren Søndergaard said he was surprised that the party’s campaign has spurred so many reactions.
“What have we done to offend anyone? We used photos of Danish People’s Party members and a dog. We write that we need to take care of Denmark and what we particularly consider worth taking care of,” he told Jyllands-Posten.
DF's immigration spokesman, Martin Henriksen, also brushed off the criticism.
“It's definitely not something that is going to make me lose sleep at night,” Henriksen told TV 2. | <urn:uuid:ba7a96da-1fb5-495f-a3a5-4455377bfe95> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thelocal.dk/20160517/why-danes-are-currently-discussing-our-denmark/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.96781 | 708 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Day Turns into Night, Night Turns into Day
Never be afraid of anything. A person with fear dies every minute. Remember that. Know that change is a part of nature. Things will always come and go, join and separate, make again and break again. Daily you see that. The sun rises and sets. Day turns into night, night turns into day. Remember, even when there have been catastrophes, this world has still gone on. And it still continues.
How big is your world? Do you think it’s a big world? If you compare your world to the entire cosmos, your world is not even equal to one hundredth of a mustard seed, remember that. By the time I answer your question, do you know how many worlds like this will be reduced to pieces somewhere in the galaxy? Every minute stars fall, planets are destroyed and then rebuilt again.
I remember someone once asked a scientist, “How big is our world? How many galaxies are there in the whole cosmos?” Do you know what the scientist said? There was a big, beautiful, shaggy dog with long hair sitting nearby and the scientist said, “If you shave all of this dog’s hair as close to the skin as possible, and then chop the hairs into tiny, tiny pieces, and count those pieces you will have counted one hundredth of the total galaxies in the cosmos.” Can you perceive that number? The mind cannot even begin to grasp it. | <urn:uuid:93de1759-2da2-43b8-9a62-8d7443f59e26> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thegoldenpresent.org/june-15/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.964635 | 311 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Various Molekule review air purifiers target different pollutants, therefore it’s important to identify the pollutants you intend to eliminate from your property before you buy an air purifier. Airborne Particles contain puppy allergen, dust mite allergen, pollen, place spores, fungi, shape, and cigarette smoking, and they are the most common cause of indoor sensitivity and asthma attacks. A HEPA air purifier is the best approach to removing airborne allergens.
Home Odors and Gases contain cooking odors, kitty litter, tobacco smoke, numerous contaminants, and gaseous pollutants like indoor pesticides or aerosols. Activated carbon filters are suitable for adsorbing gases and scents that are also small to be trapped by way of a HEPA filter. “Adsorb” is not just a typo; “adsorption” happens when components attach through a chemical reaction.
Unstable Normal Compounds (VOCs) are present in a wide variety of frequent house services and products: shows, varnishes, washing items, disinfectants, glues and glues, and also new carpet and making supplies. Look for materials like benzene, chloride, chemical, ethylene, and toluene. VOCs can cause the following symptoms: discomfort of the eyes, nose, and neck, headaches, nausea, and actually severe chronic wellness situations such as damage to the anxious system. The presence of VOCs may also exacerbate asthma. Microorganisms include antigens, infections, germs, and viruses. They’re the everyday viruses which make people sick. Mold can be considered a microorganism.
Various air purifier filters target different types of air pollution. HEPA air cleaners are the most used, and they’re great for eliminating home contaminants such as for example dirt, animal dander, and pollen, but they’re not very good at taking ultra-fine contaminants like viruses or reducing strong odors or chemical fumes. Because different air cleanser systems have various strengths and flaws, several contemporary air cleaners mix several filter forms in exactly the same unit. For example, the Austin Air Tremendous Mix Healthmate employs a HEPA filtration along with an activated carbon filtration to simply help remove scents and fumes. Let’s have a closer go through the several types of filters:
HEPA (High Performance Particulate Air) Filters set the standard for air purification. By explanation, a HEPA filter eliminates at least 99.97% of all particles no more than 0.3 microns. HEPA air purifiers were initially developed by the Nuclear Energy Commission to capture radioactive dirt particles. HEPA filters let only really small particles to pass through them. Allergens such as pollen, dog dander, form spores, and dirt get trapped in the filter.
The main disadvantage of the HEPA air purifier is that you have to occasionally modify the filter. The main gain: If it’s HEPA certified, then you definitely know it works well. Not absolutely all HEPA filters are manufactured equal. Size issues: the more sq legs of HEPA filter, the more particulates it will have a way to remove. The size, product, and construction of the particular filtration media all may play a role in the air purifier’s efficiency and might account for why one HEPA filter is higher priced than another.
Ion Generators and Ozone Generators develop priced contaminants (ions) and produce them to the encompassing air. These ions mix with toxins (like dust) in the air, requiring the impurities to stick to a nearby surface. Subsequently, ion turbines frequently produce filthy places on nearby walls and floors since they cannot eliminate impurities; ion generators simply force toxins to cling to a surface (in exactly the same way that fixed energy will make a sock stick to a shirt). Ion generators are the 2nd hottest form of air devices, nevertheless they both emit ozone, a robust lung irritant that’s particularly harmful for those who have asthma and other persistent lung disorders, kiddies, and the elderly.
Electrostatic Precipitators function for a passing fancy theory of energy as ion machines and ozone turbines, but electrostatic precipitators capture impurities relatively than merely forcing them to cling to an additional surface. Electrostatic precipitators, such as the Friedrich C90B Electrostatic Air Filter, use electronic cells to cost particles within the filter and straight away capture the toxins on collector plates. The main advantage with this kind of air purifier is that the enthusiast dishes never need to be replaced; they can be easily rinsed in the dishwasher. Remember that some electrostatic precipitators also produce ozone. | <urn:uuid:8bafcda6-6b86-4247-be84-d4093676e190> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.comoqueporque.com/category/shopping-product-reviews/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.906837 | 981 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Memorial Tree in Ann Morrison Park for Susan “SueB” Newby for the SueB 5K 10K virtual race
October is an important month for the WCA–it is Domestic Violence Awareness Month (DVAM). We kicked off the month with our DVAM Press Conference on Friday, October 1. Officials and other agencies from across the valley came together to share information about critical victim services and honor first responders’ role in our communities. DVAM is a time to acknowledge survivors of domestic violence and be a voice for victims.
The WCA is particularly busy this time of year with fundraising and outreach efforts like Healing Begins with Hope, the SueB 5K 10K, the Clothesline Project and volunteer projects. We are so excited for our Healing Begins with Hope event to raise awareness in our community and to further our mission of safety, healing and freedom from domestic abuse and sexual assault. Healing Begins with Hope will be completely virtual this year and you can register online here. Follow the WCA on social media to participate in our Be the Hope: 24 Ways campaign on October 29 to learn ways you can support our mission and make a difference in our community. If you would like more information about our events this month, please reach out to me at email@example.com.
As we commemorate DVAM this month, I want to express how thankful I am for our amazing WCA volunteers. Volunteers, through their service, remind our staff to take a deep breath. They increase our capacity to provide critical services to our community and are an invaluable part of our organization.
Thank you for all of your hard work, passion, and dedication to the WCA mission and vision. We are so grateful for the time you choose to spend with us and I hope you know that you have a huge impact on the WCA staff, clients and our community.
WCA Volunteer & Events Coordinator
Be on the lookout for these special displays in businesses and organizations in the valley. Check out the video we created last year: Clothesline Project Video.
Virtual Learning Opportunities
Break the Cycle
Never Your Fault
Talk to Your Teen
What Compassion Accomplishes
Worth – The Prevention Perspective
WCA If These Walls Could Talk Mission Tour
See the new tour
* All volunteers must attend a tour
Questions about volunteering?
A big thank you to
Lambda Theta Alpha Latin Sorority
These lovely young women did some much-needed raking at our downtown office. Their service helps us maintain a clean, friendly environment for clients coming to appointments and support groups and allows our facility staff to focus more on client-facing projects. Thank you, LTA for all the hard work you put in!
Back to Blog >> | <urn:uuid:092fe12d-ad37-467d-b439-85df355e4d52> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wcaboise.org/news-and-events/volunteer-voice-october-2021/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.913246 | 606 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Mental Health Resources
If you need help managing your mental health during the coronavirus pandemic, there are many mental health resources out there. University of Maryland Medical System (UMMS) facilities, hotlines and individual psychiatric providers all can help.
You are not alone.
UMMS Mental and Behavioral Health Services
UMMS hospitals that provide psychiatry services on site include:
- UMMC Downtown Campus - Baltimore City
- UMMC Midtown Campus - Baltimore City
- UM Baltimore Washington Medical Center - Anne Arundel County
- UM Shore Regional Health - Caroline, Dorchester, Kent, Queen Anne's, Talbot, Wicomico and Worcester Counties
- UM Upper Chesapeake Health - Harford County
- UM Capital Region Health - Prince George's County
- UM Children's Hospital - Pediatric services
It's best that you limit your exposure to others who might have coronavirus (COVID-19) by using the phone first.
However, if you truly need emergency care, UMMS hospitals are there for patients who are in a severe crisis. A phone call ahead of time is best, to find out what instructions each location might have during the pandemic.
Anyone with suicidal thoughts should immediately call a hotline such as the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 800-273-TALK (800-273-8255).
If you don't already have a mental health provider, you can dial 211 or go to 211md.org.
2-1-1 Maryland helps callers find health and human services in their community. Trained counselors answer the line 24 hours a day.
The National Alliance on Mental Illness has hotlines, information and other support for people with mental illness and for their loved ones.
- Phone: The NAMI HelpLine can be reached at 1-800-950-NAMI (1-800-950-6264) Monday through Friday, 10 am–6 pm (Eastern Time).
- Text: Connect with a trained crisis counselor to receive free, 24/7 crisis support via text message by texting NAMI to 741-741.
The US Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) has a link to a treatment finder and national hotline 1-800-662-HELP (1-800-662-4357) as well as a page with substance abuse resources including a disaster hotline, a hotline specifically for US military veterans and other services. | <urn:uuid:c63fb434-904a-493e-ba05-b462cc165a24> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.umms.org/coronavirus/what-to-know/managing-medical-conditions/conditions/mental-health/resources | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.902291 | 533 | 2.09375 | 2 |
This study was a prospective, randomized trial comparing closure of pediatric lacerations with Histoacryl Blue and sutures at three Emergency rooms within the U.S.
Patients between the ages of 1 – 18 years old with lacerations less than 5 cm were enrolled. Wounds requiring the use of subcutaneous sutures were enrolled in this study. Patients with lacerations in areas of high skin mobility or tension (e.g., joints, hands, feet, eyelids, ears, nose, mouth or perineum) were excluded from the study as were lacerations caused by dog bites or extending to the muscle or bone.
Patients were evaluated after wound closure and at 1 week and 2 months after treatment. | <urn:uuid:5373f48e-4084-4602-a4ba-253487626c9e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tissueseal.com/tissue-adhesive-abstracts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.985007 | 154 | 2.140625 | 2 |
The BBC has launched an online guide to the care system for the over-65s (28 January). The “care calculator” covers both residential care and the support provided in people’s own homes, for tasks such as washing and dressing: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-31004434
For those in England, it can calculate an estimate of how much they may have to pay before their care costs are capped under Care Act reforms due to be introduced in April 2016. To be eligible, you first need to be assessed by your council as having very high needs. Whether care is provided in your home or in a residential home, only the rate set by the council will count towards the cap. In residential care, you will still be responsible for food and lodging when you hit the cap.
Commenting on the cap on care costs Richard Hawkes, Chair of the Care & Support Alliance said,
“One-in-three people have experience of care – but polling shows the public has no confidence in the system.
“The cap on costs addresses only one small part of the problem.
“The real issue is that chronic underfunding has seen dramatic year-on-year rationing of social care support for older and disabled people.
“This is important because the cap on costs only kicks in if you are eligible for social care. So older and disabled people who are excluded from the social care system are also frozen out of the cap on costs.
“Every day, our organisations hear horror stories of people who struggle to get the support they need to simply get up, get dressed and get out of the house. This has a huge impact on carers, who we know are struggling right now.
“The health service picks up the pieces when people become isolated, can’t live on their own and slip into crisis.
“As more and more of us need care, and fewer and fewer of us get it, the Government needs to fund care properly, as well the health system. As health experts argue, anything else is a false economy.”
Watch the BBC’s Nick Triggle explain how the calculator works: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-31000449
How the care system works across the UK: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-30902552
How the cap on care costs works: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-30922484 | <urn:uuid:164f6e82-b90c-441a-ae1e-788e2fddfb63> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://careandsupportalliance.com/cap-on-care-costs-addresses-only-small-part-of-the-problem/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.960734 | 532 | 2.25 | 2 |
The Health and Social Care sector is undergoing radical and rapid change. Developments in frontline health and social care mean there's a demand for well-trained and multi-skilled people across a range of rewarding employment opportunities.
Skills you can develop
As well as the specific subject knowledge gained from studying for a degree in health & social care will develop many transferable and work-related skills that are highly valued by employers and which will increase your employability.
For Health and Social Care students the employability skills, you will develop include the ability to:
- draw together, analyse and critically evaluate information
- communicate effectively with individuals, groups and organisations
- produce accurate records and make informed decisions
- think logically and propose reasoned solutions
- put together well-judged arguments and question assumptions
- manage time, learn independently and use ICT effectively
- work as part of a team and take on responsibility
- write concisely, clearly and accurately
- interpret, use and evaluate various types of data
- relate the knowledge gained to situations in health and social care
These transferable skills are applicable to a wide range of graduate careers both within and outside the Health and Social Care sector.
5 reasons as to why a person should consider a Career in Health and Social Care.
1. IT’S ONE OF THE BIGGEST SECTORS OF EMPLOYMENT – This is regarding the vast variety of roles and vacancies available.
Did you know that there are over 350 different job roles in the Health and Social Care sector? (NHS) The figure is pretty phenomenal and this showcases the vast number of different jobs a person could progress to within their Career in the Health and Social Care sector, making it a very attractive career indeed.
It’s not all about the NHS either, types of employers and workers are far-reaching and extremely broad. Within the Health and Social Care sector, a person could work in the National Health Service (NHS), charities, a partnership with the NHS and their Local Authority and in the Private Health sector.
How is Health and Social Care one of the biggest sectors? In June 2019 census, there was over 1.2 million working across a variety of roles within the NHS. That’s not counting those working for charities, in a partnership or in the Private Health sector.
According to the NHS Jobs website, there are around 25,000 vacancies advertised every month. Which shows just how big this sector is.
Another appeal for the Health and Social Care sector is that your skills and experience are completely transferable, making you an attractive prospect across the world, not just the UK.
2. THERE’S A JOB ROLE FOR EVERYONE
You can have a career in the Health and Social Care sector with several different qualifications (level of qualification and the type of qualification), skills and experience.
As reason 1 states, the Health and Social Care sector is one of the biggest sectors. Because of this, it means a variety of different roles will require different qualifications, skills and experience.
Depending on what role a person wants to pursue, they will require a certain level of qualification and possibly experience; usually starting from a Level 2 Health and Social Care qualification, up to a Doctorate (Level 8) in a specialist area. This makes the sector one of the best in terms of career progression. If you begin on Level 2 can you imagine where you might be in a few years?
If you want to find out more about the different qualification levels and the ways in which you can achieve those levels visit this link – https://www.gov.uk/what-different-qualification-levels-mean/list-of-qualification-levels
If you are a person who has an interest in Health and Social Care, but you don’t yet have the qualifications for the career area you are interested in. Don’t worry about that because many Universities have enough education and training provisions to help you get started, even if this is from Level 1.
There is no doubt that anyone could progress to a role within the Health and Social Care sector.
Using the https://www.healthcareers.nhs.uk/explore-roles/compare-roles website – I compared the role of a Social Worker and a Support Worker.
To become a Social Worker a person would need a degree level qualification (Level 6 or above) whereas to become a Support Worker, there are no set entry requirements but a qualification within Health and Social Care is usually required, this could be a Level 2 qualification.
They are both similar in the sense of supporting children, young people and adults to live more successfully as a unit or as individuals.
You can achieve these qualifications in a variety of different ways, usually starting from school (GCSE/ BTEC), to Post 16 study at College (Vocational/Technical)/ Sixth Form (A-Level) or Apprenticeship, then onto Post 18 study at University etc.
However, if that is the route a person wants to take, then there is endless opportunity to do so!!
3. YOU’LL NEVER BE BORED
Because of how many different jobs, there is opportuniuty something for everyone.
Want to work with babies? Want to work with the elderly? Want to specialise in cancer patients? Want to find the cure for cancer? Or try to find a cure for any disease or illness for that matter? Then, the Health and Social Care sector has a role for you.
It is such a varied sector, that whatever a person’s interest are, whatever they want to specialise in, there is most definitely something they can do. It all depends on the individual’s motivation, strengths, drive and skills.
When we think of Health and Social Care, most people think of ‘Doctors and Nurses’ when in fact, those roles themselves have so many different specialisms. A Doctor, for example might specialise in Surgery, General Practice or Pathology (amongst many other options) Similarly a Nurse might specialise in Mental Health, Learning Difficulties, Cardiology or Diabetes, a Care Assistant might specialise in Dementia or Home Care. The list can quite literally go on and on. Whatever your own interests there will be a role or even a specialism for you.
Think about how digital developments are changing the way we work in Health and Social Care; this is great news for those of you who embrace these types of changes and would see them as a part of your own career development. We know that there are challenging times ahead arising from a growing and ageing population and a tidal wave of chronic diseases. Without a doubt, the culture in Health and Social Care will be transformed by digital technologies with care becoming ‘smarter’ delivering more cost-effective patient centred care.
4. JOB SECURITY
Let’s face it, in the current economic climate one of the main worries people have is losing work and therefore not being able to live the life they aspire to have.
Unlike many sectors that are perhaps losing workers or in decline because of socio-economic factors, the health care field is growing rapidly and arguable more than any other growing sector Dozens of health careers have good or excellent job prospects, meaning finding a job is easier.
A career in social care offers long-term employment prospects, with opportunities for promotion and progression as well as job security.
Adult social care is one of the few sectors where jobs are increasing, offering significant numbers of long-term career opportunities in the current job market. There are an estimated 1.49 million people working in social care, and by 2035 we’ll need to fill around 580,000 more jobs.
Somewhere in your community, there’s a job that you can do to help others. If you like working with people, social care offers a worthwhile job that can turn into a rewarding, long-term career.
5. JOB SATISFACTION
What’s not to love about helping and supporting others on a day to day basis?
Probably the biggest benefit of working in the Health and Social Care sector is job satisfaction.
Usually, people who work within Health and Social Care, have a passion for helping and supporting others. This can be with Physical, Intellectual, Emotional or Social support – if a person is able to help another person, it is in most cases a very rewarding feeling.
A person working in Health and Social Care is making a difference to someone’s life. If you ask the professional, they’ll probably tell you that the patient/client has usually enriched their lives in some way too!
So, what’s stopping you from considering a career in Health and Social Care?
This is just a small number of reasons as to why a person should consider a Career in Health and Social Care.
It will take a person on a journey, not just a professional one but a personal one as well. | <urn:uuid:262acfdb-a97e-442c-9ef6-430b6e8b0968> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gcrd.co.uk/health-and-social-care-skills-and-careers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.95548 | 1,862 | 2.515625 | 3 |
The Vedanta Society of Arkansas, Little Rock, established in 1989 by a few families, has provided a platform for social, cultural, and spiritual activities for the Indian community in greater Little Rock and Central Arkansas. Since its inception, this organization has cultivated a spirit of confidence and self-respect for oneself and respect for others irrespective of color, creed, race, and religion.
Various religious activities including monthly prayer and bhajan sessions, various Indian festivals (Vaikuntha Ekadashi,Makar Sakranti, Pongal, Maha Shivratri, Ram Navmi, Samuhik Satya Narayan pooja on Guru Poornima, Krishna-janmashtami, Ganesh chaturthi, Durga-ashtami, Vijaya-dashmi, Deepawali Lakshmi Pooja, Dhanur masam poojas and Goda Kalyanam) are celebrated at Vedanta Cultural Center. In addition, VSA provides various religious services conducted by our scholarly priest at devotees’ homes.
VSA shares Indian culture with the community by organizing and celebrating ‘Holi- The Festival of Colors’ in March/April and ‘Diwali-The festival of Lights' in October/November every year. Children also learn and present various aspects of Indian culture in the form of dance, drama, posters, short talks, music during weekly classes, pooja get-togethers, and at Diwali celebrations.
In addition to cultural and religious activities, VSA has been involved in charitable work and in many fundraising efforts for local, national and international organizations. | <urn:uuid:e9f0f19a-e2e4-4ca9-99a0-839d40572dae> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://vsalr.org/site/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.932725 | 361 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Identity Myths Debunked: What a Cookie-less World Means for Advertisers
With the demise of the third-party cookie on the horizon, the industry will need to adapt to a new identity model to effectively identify audiences – and soon. Marketers are understandably concerned about reaching audiences in a cookie-less world but understanding the situation and the solutions at hand will help ensure a smooth transition away from cookies.
In the vacuum of a single, all-encompassing solution, certain myths are circulating, stoking buyers’ fears without pointing to the promise of a path forward. Let’s decipher fact from fiction and take a look at why digital advertising isn’t going anywhere.
- There will still be interest-based identity solutions
- There will still be attribution
- Digital advertising will still continue to grow
- CTV will be a major growth driver
What’s Not True:
- Online advertising is going away
- The independent web is over
- Only walled gardens will survive
A Realistic Look into the Future
While currently in flux, identity will find a path forward, likely through first-party, community-driven solutions. In the future, buyers won’t necessarily be creating their own audience segments, but will still be able to identify consumers through groups assembled for them with first-party data.
This will likely happen through open-source platforms such as Prebid, where Deal IDs and Auction Packages will play a role. We won’t lose interest-based identification, addressability, or attribution—it will just evolve.
Overall, digital advertising still has much room to grow. With an increasing number of global consumers using smart and digital devices, the programmatic opportunity will be immense. As of January, nearly 60% of the global population can access the internet, equating to roughly 4.66 billion users, and digital ad spend will grow to nearly 390 billion by the end of this year according to Statista.
One of the major growth drivers of digital ad spend will be CTV: according to eMarketer, ad spending on addressable TV and OTT will see a 75% boost this year. With the ascent of CTV and OTT platforms, marketers are looking to create omnichannel campaigns across devices and screens to reach consumers where they are paying attention.
Independent ad tech encourages innovation and better ROI
While independent ad tech will need to embrace collaboration to pioneer an identity solution, the walled gardens of Google, Facebook, and Amazon will not be playing overlords. A walled garden oligopoly eliminates competition, resulting in lower revenues for publishers, decreased ROI for marketers, and a compromised experience for users. No one wants that. In fact, these tech oligarchs don’t want that either, because that’s just painting a target on their back. To prevent this, major initiatives are taking place, from both the independent adtech world and Prebid to come together on an identity solution that rivals the black-box data of industry behemoths while giving buyers and sellers more transparency.
As the identity conversation continues to unfold, buyers deserve a seat at the table — and places like Prebid or W3C meetings are good places to start taking part in the conversation. These industry groups are finding constructive ways to prepare for the extinction of third-party cookies, from migrating segment creation to first-party identifiers to model buying anonymous groups. They’ll also be able to help shape the conversation to better serve brands.
Beyond that, investing in initiatives with vendors and sellers that are committed to open, transparent identity solutions will ensure buyers have agency and access to premium audiences in fair marketplaces.
Ultimately, while new identity models are under construction and the programmatic landscape is shifting, in the future, buyers will continue to be able to identify audiences, measure and profit off of programmatic campaigns — ideally, in an even more transparent, collaborative, and fair setting. | <urn:uuid:b9b61041-9ace-456d-8732-454c45d91d68> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.magnite.com/blog/identity-myths-debunked-what-a-cookie-less-world-means-for-advertisers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.925344 | 819 | 1.671875 | 2 |
We have a relatively safe and worry-free life for natural disasters and crimes. Therefore, we are often not prepared. It is a necessity to establish a system for the school, parents, and outside organizations.
- Natural disasters such as heavy rain, storm or tsunami may occur and kidnapping, terrorism or intruder to the school campus may occur. In case special circumstance taken place, we are supposed to receive a notice from the Consulate General of Japan. For more information regarding terrorist attacks, please check these following websites: Oahu Civil Defense Agency (www.scd.state.hi.us) and the Consulate General of Japan (www.honolulu.us.emb-japan.go.jp)
- Educate students for these emergency situations. Faculty members must communicate well and must take care of any incident as quickly as possible. * When an emergency occurs, students may enter a state of panic. Faculty members must control and calm down the students. * Even if no information is available due to telephone trouble and so on, try to give students a secure and easy feeling.
- Using “Emergency Telephone Network” establish good communication between school and parents.
* Have an alternative plan for “the Emergency Telephone Network” in case one of the parents is not at home.
* Example of telephone communication is: “This is an emergency call from Rainbow Gakuen. Please pick up your child at 2:45 p.m.”
- Using “Emergency Contact” via email to your email address or via voice message to your phone.
Picking Up of Students
Diagram: Drop-off and Pick-up
- Class teacher confirms with parents and hands over the student.
- Place to pick up a student is at the parking lot of Kaimuki Middle School.
In case of rain, at the Library.
- For those with siblings, gather at the place where the youngest one waits. | <urn:uuid:8fbb8439-441c-464a-828a-ad4b03692649> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://en.hjschl.org/SchoolLife/Emergency.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.931008 | 404 | 2.78125 | 3 |
There is something sad but poignant about Moses not quite making it to the promise land (Deut 34). He remains among the greatest of the Israelites his story all the more powerful for its end, so near and yet so far. He gets to see but not to touch, he symbolises the importance and the limitations of the law which is linked with his name. As Paul might say it (The Law) will get you so far, it will get you to the brink of the Jordan but you'll need someone else to get you across and that someone else will be called Joshua Yeshua Jesus.
The way Jesus talks about the law points the way. Love God-Love your neighbour because it is wrapped up in Law language and it’s prompted by a question of ‘what is the greatest commandment’ (Matt 22:34-46). It’s seen as a demand but it's not first of all a demand, it is rather a gift. It is what Jesus himself was doing and would do supremely on the cross. It is what, by the spirit, Jesus’ surprised followers found themselves doing or beginning to do. It’s what Paul was determined at all costs to do in his evangelism and pastoral work. It represents, in one sense, the Law working on the inside written on the hearts, and it also encompasses all the continuing externals as well. If you asked a pharisee the question of the greatest commandment he is looking for a way of defining Israel now and in the age to come. But if these two commandments are the greatest, love for the creator and love for one's neighbour that means throwing open the borders to all and sundry and at the heart of Israel law is a sign that reminds Israel that she exists for the sake of the world, and not vice versa.
It all comes together in Jesus as Priest and King. Jesus seems to put forward the possibility that he is Psalm 110’s central figure, both King and Priest and one to whom even David, that greatest of all kings, look up to as Lord. Jesus upstages the existing Jerusalem, priesthood and royal house. Somehow David’s Lord would be David’s son. Get your head around that! And when you do, you begin to appreciate how this new Joshua (Jesus) can do what the Law (Moses) could not do, lead you home, get you to that promised land. Dave
I love a good mystery, Agatha Christie, a good Morse, classic whodunnits etc...
Question: did God really intend Israel to have a King? read 1 Samuel 8 and answers on a postcard please. Another question: did God intend Israel to have a temple? read 2 Samuel 7 and again answers on a postcard.
You know at one simple level these things, a king, a temple seem to be just concessions to Israel’s desire to be like everybody else. To be like every other countries Kings like all the nations. A temple like the one down the road. But there our problems borrowing light from the world instead of being the light of the world. Kings can become corrupt and are exiled, beginning with David himself whose immorality copied amongst his children leads to Absalom’s rebellion.
Temples can very quickly become first idols and then ruins, and yet God desires justice and mercy for his people not unredeemed anarchy. God desires to dwell among his people not to remain distant. A King after God's own heart, a temple that is, I don't know somehow, simultaneously movable and appropriate to God’s Majesty. These kinds of ambiguities, these mysteries converge in an apparently jokey pun in 2 Samuel 7:11. David wants to build God a house so God promises that he will build David a ‘house’, a son who will be God’s own son, whose Davidic throne will be established forever. Why did God change the subject? Had he forgotten David’s suggestion about a temple? No, there was an appropriate way for the living, loving God to dwell in the midst of his people. The stone temple would point the way towards it but would remain just a kind of mysterious signpost. The reality would be a human being reflecting God's image, a King embodying Gods wise ordering of the people. A man after God's own heart whose heart will be broken by the pain of the world but who would, in that moment, render all manmade temples redundant.
Paul says that this is a mystery, it's hidden long ago and it's only disclosed in Jesus (Rom 16:25-26). Luke tells us that Mary wildly becomes the temporary dwelling place of the living God. The presence of the Holy Spirit and the overshadowing of the most high both evoke the temple idea. The passage struggles to say something for which words can hardly exist, that in Mary's womb the temple and King come together once and that the scriptures came true in ways never imagined (Luke 1:26). God found at last the house, neither tent nor temple but flesh and blood that would most truly and fully express his Royal self-giving love. A mystery solved, it was Jesus all along.
We all have regular rhythms of life. These can change as we get involved in new activities and challenges or as we move on from those activities that have become a familiar part of life and into unknown territory. For all of us, our lives today have a very different rhythm, whether we continue to go to our workplaces, often in providing essential services (thank you so much, all of you) or whether we are at home or working from home. This is especially so for the elderly and most vulnerable. How are you coping? Some of us may be enjoying the changed rhythms of life but for some of us we may be really struggling.
I have read a couple of blogs recently about our reactions in the Covid-19 crisis which have described the changed rhythms of life as “transition” – a technical term used by psychologists to describe the challenges of the process of adjusting from one rhythm of life to another. And we all experience transition throughout our lives. Life is full of transition – being born, growing up, getting married, buying a house, having family, changing jobs, retiring. There are so many situations we experience in life and all tend to be characterized as leaving behind the familiar and going into something unfamiliar. The only transition I can think of where the move from the old to the new is certain, rewarding and the best we will ever make is our last one – into the eternal presence of God!
But how are you coping? Is isolation challenging for you? How are you sleeping? Are you less patient than usual? Are you finding it difficult to complete jobs well or productively? Do you feel easily tired? Do you miss social interaction? Do you miss seeing family? Are you fearful for the future? How are you coping with the new ‘virtual’ world where we can catch up with one another but at a distance? That’s especially difficult if you love “hugs” – socially distanced hugging is difficult!
Transition is tough because having to change our rhythms of life can be really tough.
A friend of ours (Rev. Jodie Gaston), who oversees GEM missionaries from the US and Canada, working in the UK, had some helpful advice for them recently. The gist of what he wrote is that we should recognize that:
Thanks, Jodie, for that great advice.
Even as many are going through tough times we rest confidently in Jesus’ promise – that He would be walking with us through our whole lives, through every transition and that he would never leave us alone.
Stay safe and well.
I mentioned at the beginning of the year (it seems like years not months ago), how I felt God was speaking to me, particularly through the story of the Samaritan women at the well. John 4:5-42.
I think it’s a story that has so much to teach us about our relationship with God. How much he loves us. How he reaches out to those on the margins. Everything is in this story, salvation, hope, even comedy, double meanings and misunderstandings. Jesus offers the woman living water (the common or garden phrase for ‘running water, as oppose to still or stagnant), and the woman reminds Jesus he has no bucket. Is Jesus greater than Jacob, the original giver of the well (take note of the ’our father Jacob’, tribal claims of water rights, still a sore point in that region). She can’t quote Exodus, since the Jews claim that as their text. When Jesus responds with the promise of a water that will mean she never thirsts again, she suddenly almost becomes submission (This is a massive promise in that region water is everything). I don’t expect she really knows what it is he is really offering, but she wants it.
Similarly as in his response to the rich young ruler, Jesus puts his finger on the point where her life is most in need of living water. The repartee starts again ‘Call your husband’. ‘Haven’t got one.’ ‘No-five down, one to go.’ Oops, change the subject please get the discussion away from me…’ Are you a prophet by any chance? We have this thing about which mountain we should worship on’ (Contextualise: ‘Oh you’re from that church, are you? Bit dodgy’? Always a good distraction).
Objection overruled and Jesus brings it back on track. ‘Spirit, not mountains not even Jerusalem, is what matters; and the one God is looking for Spirit filled-people right now.’ ’Oh very interesting-of course one day the Messiah is coming. He’ll explain all this complicated stuff. ’Phew. Read Let’s not get too far into this stuff. Pause. No way off the hook. The tired thirsty Jewish rabbi Jesus holds her gaze. Ego eimi,ho lalon soi: ‘I am, who am speaking to you.’ Messiah, and…’I am’? (‘’I who speak to you am he.’ Hairs on the back of your neck, moment.) End of repartee. Time for action, full disclosure and life changed. This encounter changes a life, changes a town. Jesus meets us at our point of need and changes us, and in changing us allows us to be involved in changing others.
God Bless, Dave
It feels a lot longer than a week and a bit since we were last all together! What strange times. There is a great deal of positivity on social media, encouragement, help, ideas, motivation. People really are making the best of a bad situation. I have seen or heard of, people delivering food and medicine, streaming their fitness classes online, donating hot drinks to emergency services, teaching their children fitness classes, painting rainbows in the garden, planting seeds, reading books, learning a new language, teaching children to cook, meditating, spending more time reading the Bible and phoning friends and neighbours. It’s uplifting and yet, at the same time, I feel drained, disorganised, lazy, not quick enough with offers of help, not calm enough to meditate and just not together enough to be coping best with this situation. With the collapse of any routine I seem to be in disarray; behind with the laundry, toys all over the place I seem to have less time for quiet reflection, video and phone calls with a toddler and baby aren’t of the greatest quality and Bruce is already having far more snacks and hours of screen time than I thought I would allow! A quick thinking neighbour set up a What’s App group a week ago and another neighbour had already delivered bread and magazines to the two elderly ladies in the road before I had even asked if they needed anything. Am I too slow off the mark to demonstrate Jesus’s love to others? Can I keep up with all the acts of kindness, Christian or otherwise? How do we demonstrate that the compassion of God is different, all powerful, everlasting, full of grace?
Well, I believe that the love we share will be different. Because of its source. Because we live in the Spirit and He in us. Because we rely on God’s strength (thank goodness!). Because ours is a love that perseveres. In the coming weeks and months, as social and mainstream media calm down and people look back to themselves, we will continue to look outward. To search, with Jesus’s heart, for those who are in need, vulnerable, suffering grief, hardship, loneliness as a result (or not) of this series of events. We will love everyone with God’s unconditional love as people reflect, argue, blame, accuse. We will love those who delivered groceries to others in the same way that we will love those who hoarded toilet paper! When we are tired, desperate, uninspired, we will still be able to love others and look outward instead of inward because we are not drawing on our own, limited, human resources, but the power of the living Spirit. A Spirit of love, grace and compassion. Because, however dark times seem, we will always speak hope into the lives of others. Because, while love is the “greatest”, without faith in our salvation by grace and without hope for our future in His Kingdom, it becomes just human love. Which is nice and everything, but, what a great love we have found in Jesus! Who shows us how to live and share in God’s love
So I will keep on praying, while I wash my hands. And I will keep searching for ways to show Jesus’s compassion from my messy, busy life, which God can use if I just give it to Him. I did manage to watch most of Woodies morning service online (while Bruce watched cartoons!) and I would like to leave you with the verse of one of the worship songs used;
God, I look to You, I won’t be overwhelmed.
Give me vision to see things like You do.
God, I look to You, You’re where my help comes from.
Give me wisdom, You know just what to do.
They’re not my thoughts but they hold a certain resonance for me and hopefully will for you. We do an awful lot of stuff as church and it’s important stuff but in doing the stuff let’s make sure we don’t forget why we’re doing it. In all the clutter let’s not bury Christ…
It’s not about buildings or systems or programs.
It’s not about apps or branding or design.
It’s all about Jesus-following Him, loving Him and learning to walk the way He walked.
And when we say it’s all about Jesus, what we really mean is’
It’s all about what Jesus did for us; He gave us all full access to God.
Pointing us to His Father God, His gift of life, His creation, His son, His sacrifice, His way, His truth, His life.
Ultimately it is his Church.
If you forget everything else, remember this, keep it simple.
Follow the example of Jesus.
Who lived a simple life;
Told simple stories;
Sat and ate with people, every kind of person;
Encouraged His followers to travel light;
And when challenged about what was the greatest commandment, He simply said,
‘Love the Lord your God with all your heart, all your soul, all your strength and all your mind’ ’and ‘Love your neighbour as yourself’’ Luke 10:27
Jesus is WHY the church does what it does. It’s only through Him that we can see families made whole, relationships healed, broken hearts restored and lives and communities transformed.
If there is one part of the Gospel and one part of the Lord’s prayer (we are looking at this in
Men’s breakfast), that I and others struggle with, it’s that whole area of forgiving others and
what it looks like and how to do it. I’ve seen it again and again in relationship breakdowns be
that marriages, parent child, sibling relationships. I can’t forgive, how can God ask me to?
Forgiving others may seem to be a choice, and in one sense it is a choice, but God has been
very clear about forgiveness. He has given us specific direction in numerous Scriptures, all of
which can be summed up in just one word -- forgive! God's Word says, "And when you stand
praying, if you hold anything against anyone, forgive him, so that your Father in heaven may
forgive you your sins" (Mark 11:25). "Do not judge, and you will not be judged. Do not
condemn, and you will not be condemned. Forgive, and you will be forgiven" (Luke 6:37).
God is saying that it is in our own best interest to forgive! He is not talking about what is in
the best interest of the person who needs to be forgiven. We are the ones who God is trying
to protect. We are the ones who receive the most benefit from forgiveness, not the other
person. A spirit of unforgiveness complicates and compromises our walk with God. Forgiving
others releases us from anger and allows us to receive the healing we need. The whole
reason God has given us specific direction is because He does not want anything to stand
between us and Him. God's love for us is beyond our comprehension. Forgiving others spares
us from the consequences of living out of an unforgiving heart.
Forgiving others does not carry with it a single decision that we need to ponder. God has not
qualified one sin as being more grievous to Him than another and He has not qualified one sin
committed against us as warranting forgiveness and another not. For example, God is not
saying, "If a person lies to you or steals from you, you should forgive him, but if they do
something worse, you can hold them in unforgiveness." He is saying to forgive everyone,
Forgiving others often starts as a decision of surrender-an act of our will. This surrender
invites God to begin working in our lives in a deeper level, allowing God to heal us. We need
to make the choice to be open to forgiveness and reconciliation.
Remember, forgiveness does not justify the deed or the person, it does not provide God's
forgiveness for their actions, because only God can do that. While nothing can undo the past,
we can do something about the condition of our own present and future. Forgiving others
makes a way for our own healing to begin.
It’s hard and of course it revolves around the extent we have been forgiven and how we live
As we learn what it’s like to be forgiven, we begin to discover that it is possible to forgive
others. As we start inhaling God’s fresh air there a good chance we will start to breathe it out
It’s not often, as a church leader, you get to recommend a book with deep magic and dragons in the title but I had a book on my shelf that I’ve been meaning to read for ages but never quite got round to it. Then a few days ago I picked it off my shelf and began reading it. The book in question was ‘’Deep Magic, Dragons and Talking mice’ ’by Alister McGrath and what a treasure that book turned out to be. It’s an introduction into the life and work of CS Lewis. I guess more than anything it’s attempting to try and get another generation into discovering and reading CS Lewis, famous children’s writer, apologist and Christian speaker as well as being an important English literature scholar. Alister McGrath still thinks Lewis has plenty to say not just to the Christian but as an apologist writing for the sceptic. In a lot of ways Alister McGrath is a brilliant person to write about CS Lewis. They were both radical atheist in their teens, both experienced seismic conversions to Christianity and have both worked as Oxbridge academics while also having careers as apologists in the media. McGrath has been reading Lewis for 40 years and has published a well-received biography of him in 2013 (which is going on my Christmas list). You can tell from the title that he is going to look at the Narnia books but he goes far beyond that giving the reader a huge sweep of Lewis’ thought and throwing in influences and events from Lewis’ life. McGrath demonstrates that Lewis was no dry and dusty academic. (He is very scathing of a recent film about Lewis shadowlands on that score). He shows his ideas were deeply connected to his life experiencehis childhood, academic pursuits, seeing active service in a war, friendships, loves and losses. Deep Magic is an easy read. I’m not sure the conversational style, let’s have a chat with Lewis, always works and can get in the way a bit but McGrath is very good like Lewis at presenting very sophisticated ideas clearly and simply. We get to look at everything from the meaning of life to friendships, the Narnia books, the art of apologetics and the use of the imagination as well as rational argument. Suffering, hope and Heaven it’s all there. The subtitle to the book is ‘How reading CS Lewis can change your life’ and for once this is not a publisher’s hyperbole. Multitudes of people have had their lives changed by Lewis; their thinking deepened, their faith strengthened and their imagination expanded. If you are not familiar with Lewis’s thought—or only familiar with part of it—I recommend Deep Magic, Dragons, & Talking Mice as well worth a read. It will also act as encouragement, I’m sure, to read Lewis again. Well it certainly has to me. Give this book a go and then go and read some Lewis. ‘Mere Christianity’, ‘Screwtape Letters’, ‘A Grief Observed’, ‘The Problem of Pain’ and so on not forgetting the Narnia books as something to read to the children and grandchildren and the child in us all. | <urn:uuid:272ed94c-dbc4-4eca-963e-c3f26867e83a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gvc.org.uk/gvcblog | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.960878 | 4,776 | 2.203125 | 2 |
When NOLA Detox and Recovery Center officially opened its doors to patients, the center’s founder and chief executive officer, Dan Forman, said, “The public health crisis occurring across our city and state is detrimental to current and future generations. NOLA Detox is providing real, meaningful solutions to the people of New Orleans.” According to recent data from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Louisiana continues to be one of the states most impacted by substance abuse. Additionally, this same study shows that the overdose rates in New Orleans are four to six times higher than the rest of the state. The NOLA Detox and Recovery center hopes to combat the escalating addiction problem in our Louisianan communities. Learn more about NOLA Detox and their goals by reading the BIZ New Orleans article below.
NOLA Detox and Recovery Center Opens Its Doors to Patients
Posted on August 12, 2021 | <urn:uuid:295285ea-a464-4710-b148-0c3a036882af> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://noladetox.com/news/nola-detox-and-recovery-center-opens-its-doors-to-patients/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.936066 | 195 | 1.554688 | 2 |
There are no open spots for this class, but we found something similar!
5.0 (3) · Ages 11-16
Punnett Square Practice
5.0 (1) · Ages 4-8
Let's Explore the 7 Continents! | FLEX
5.0 (1) · Ages 10-14
Pass It on! Let's Learn Genetics
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Discover the Ancient World Part 1 - History and Art (Flexible Schedule)
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Algebra 1 Level 1 | Cool! I Get It! | Evaluate, Simplify & Find Equivalent Expressions (FLEX)
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Current Events: News, Science, and More From "The Week Junior"
Science & Nature
Feelin' Blue: Genetics and Patterns of Inheritance (Flexible Schedule)
Explore the story of the Fugate family and a mutation for blue skin, using pedigree analysis, Punnett squares and probability to explore laws of Gregor Mendel and Mendelian and non-Mendelian patterns of genetic inheritance!
Benjamin Corey, MAT
4159 total reviews for this teacher
10 reviews for this class
Completed by 44 learners
There are no upcoming classes.
No live meetings
Over 4 weeks
learners per class
per learner - per week
How does a “Flexible Schedule” course work?
No scheduled live video chats
Discussions via classroom forum and private messages with the teacher
Great if your learner prefers independent pacing or is uncomfortable with live video chat
There are no open spots for this class.
You can request another time or scroll down to find more classes like this.
*This course is flexible schedule and does not meet live. However, this does not mean it lacks interaction. Every week, a printable guide will be released along with a learning module administered using a distance learning tool called Nearpod. This tool was selected for the ease with which it can be adopted. There is no account necessary, merely a link to click to access the module. On Nearpod, learners will be engaged through a series of video lectures from me, supplemental games and videos...
I have a Bachelor's of Science degree in Biology from Oglethorpe University and and a Masters of Arts in Teaching in Secondary Science Education from Georgia State University. I have been teaching sciences to inclusion classes for 16 years to grades 7-12, and have certifications from the states of Georgia and California. I am deeply knowledgeable on the structure of the Next Generation Science Standards and best practices of science instruction.
Students will be assigned weekly critical thinking tasks, extension activities and assessments via Nearpod, a distance learning tool.
Students will receive feedback on assessment questions answered in Nearpod assignments. Printed responses from the learner may be requested at any time.
No live meetings, and maybe some time outside of class.
All classes are based on the accepted consensus of the secular scientific community, and may include discussions of evolution by natural selection, the cellular and hormonal mechanics of sexual and asexual reproduction, and other aspects of studying living systems.
Benjamin Corey, MAT
Find the Adventure in Science
🇺🇸Lives in the United States
4159 total reviews
2633 completed classes
Exploring dynamic ecosystems. Decoding the intricate cell signaling of animal immune systems. Tracing the origins and epidemiology of complex diseases. Uncovering bizarre forms of ancient life. These are just a few reasons studying science can... | <urn:uuid:9a20e27d-a1d0-4b9d-bda1-6a004011dc76> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://outschool.com/classes/feelin-blue-genetics-and-patterns-of-inheritance-flexible-schedule-y0PWdm2k | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.873827 | 773 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Bond from William Smith, 13 April 1841
, Bond, , IL, to JS, , IL, 13 Apr. 1841; handwriting of ; signature of ; docket in handwriting of ; one page; Newel K. Whitney, Papers, BYU. Includes archival marking.
Do you know of any Joseph Smith documents that we might not have heard about? Tell us
The Church Historian’s Press is an imprint of the Church History Department of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Salt Lake City, Utah, and a trademark of Intellectual Reserve, Inc. | <urn:uuid:f424f2d8-470a-4cd6-b3da-d714b77bdc01> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.josephsmithpapers.org/transcript/bond-from-william-smith-13-april-1841?print=true | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.846033 | 127 | 1.5 | 2 |
Consumers are being squeezed by negative real wage growth and inflation at 40-year highs. As a result, consumer sentiment is declining, and personal consumption habits are changing as people struggle to help make ends meet.
With running at -1.5% in the first quarter, a second consecutive quarter of negative growth will signify a recession. Personal consumption accounts for two-thirds of economic activity. As such, we must ask, will the plight of consumers drag GDP lower in the second quarter, resulting in a recession?
To help answer the critical question, let’s consider the state of the consumer and their means to consume.
Per the BEA, Personal Consumption Expenditures is “the value of the goods and services purchased by, or on the behalf of, U.S. residents.”
The graph below shows that over the last 60 years, PCE has slowly risen from about 60% of GDP to nearly 70%. Its contribution to GDP fluctuates very little.
The following graph shows that annual changes in PCE and GDP are highly correlated. There has never been an instance where PCE was down for the year, and GDP rose!
Consumer Sentiment Surveys
With an appreciation for consumers’ outsized role in the economy, let’s consider their propensity to consume goods and services.
Are they confident in their financial situation and their expectations for the economy? High levels of confidence lead to high levels of consumption and vice versa.
The first graph below compares the Survey and the Index.
The most recent Michigan survey (orange) is well below levels from the spring of 2020, when the economy was shuttered, and unemployment rose to double digits. It is also at levels last seen around the great financial crisis. As they measure it, confidence is currently below readings from the recessions of 1991 and 2001.
The Conference Board’s Confidence Index (blue) is slipping, but it does not paint as grim a picture as the Michigan survey.
The graph above shows that the difference between the two surveys is the most extreme in at least 30 years. The circles highlight the prior three troughs and the current trough. The previous three troughs occurred right before recessions.
The surveys’ underlying data and commentary point to high inflation and rising interest rates as the primary culprit for the declining sentiment.
In its most recent report, the Conference Board notes the following:
“Indeed, inflation remains top of mind for consumers.”
Higher interest rates and soaring house prices are crushing consumer home-buying sentiment. The graph below shows it’s currently the worst time to buy a house in the last 30+ years by a long shot.
Michigan Home Survey
Why does this matter?
The National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) estimates that Housing’s contribution to GDP generally averages 15-18%. Their study includes residential investment and personal consumption of housing services, including rents.
Declining Real Wages
Having established that consumer sentiment is declining, we must ask why. As we note in the prior section, inflation and higher interest rates are weighing on consumers’ purchasing power.
Inflation is not necessarily bad for consumers if their wages keep up or surpass the . Unfortunately, that is not occurring. The graph below shows that real incomes (inflation-adjusted) have fallen for over a year. While nominal wages are increasing, its purchasing power is decreasing. As a result, many consumers can afford less today than yesterday. Consumers are essentially getting pay cuts whether they know it or not.
The two spikes in the graph result from the direct pandemic-related government payments to citizens.
The trend in real wages does not bode well for personal consumption. With inflation remaining in the 8% range and wages growing at about 5%, many consumers are losing. The data is worse for the lower and middle classes, which spend most of their money on food, energy, and rent. The prices of which are rising faster than the inflation rate.
The table below shows the difficult choices consumers are being forced to make.
Alternative Monetary Sources for Consumption
Wages drive personal consumption, but other sources of money also contribute to spending.
When in need, people draw down on their savings to help. The graph below shows that is exactly what is occurring today. Personal savings are down to eight-year lows as consumers become increasingly reliant on additional sources of funds. Now consider the graph below is not inflation-adjusted. A dollar of savings indeed went a lot further in 2014 than today!
Drawing down savings has supported consumption, but many consumers are running out of savings, resulting in less future spending or more debt.
Going into Debt
Over the last thirty years, consumers have increased their use of credit cards and mortgage refinancing to consume more than they otherwise could have. These two sources of funds may be greatly limited in the future.
The graph below shows the annual change in consumer credit card debt is at a 20-year high. Consumers can continue to borrow, but higher credit card interest rates and larger debt balances will limit future usage.
The following graph shows that the MBA Refinance Index is at its lowest level in over ten years. This is not surprising, given that mortgage rates are around 5.50%. Unless mortgage rates come down appreciably, we should not expect mortgage cash-out refinancing to be a significant source of funds for consumers.
MBA Refinance Index
Help from Uncle Sam
The graph below charts government transfer payments. Transfer payments are direct payments from the government to citizens. The two pandemic-related direct checks to citizens in 2020 and 2021 stand out like a sore thumb.
If the consumer struggles continue, can the government support them? The answer is unlikely.
For starters, the political climate in Washington makes fiscal stimulus unlikely. While the Democrats control the House and Senate, their slim one-vote majority in the Senate has already been problematic for stimulus bills. Given the upcoming mid-term elections it becomes more unlikely as we march toward November.
It appears the Republicans may take the House and possibly the Senate in November. Barring a much larger economic crunch, such a split between the President and Congress will further hamper the odds of substantial fiscal stimulus in 2023.
- Falling consumer sentiment.
- Crushing inflation.
- Declining real wages.
- Savings are being drawn down rapidly.
- Credit card usage is soaring.
- Mortgage cash-out refinancing is not economical.
- Fiscal stimulus is unlikely.
Excepting a sharp decline in inflation or a gap higher in wages, it appears the consumer is in a bind. 70% of the economy is tied to the fate of the consumer. Such does not mean a recession is probable, but given the consumer’s predicament, we must assume it’s a distinct possibility.
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Isaac Asimov Wallpaper. 1920 x 960 39 png. A prolific writer, he wrote or edited more than 500 books.
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' Isaac Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine • August 3Rd, 1981' Edited By George H.
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The coronavirus pandemic has created a “captive audience” for terrorist groups seeking recruits, as more than a billion students are out of school and spending more time online, according to a United Nations Security Council report.
“The increase in the number of young people engaging in unsupervised internet usage — particularly on gaming platforms — offers terrorist groups an opportunity to expose a greater number of people to their ideas,” the report warned.
The risk posed by violent extremist internet propaganda is one of several identified by the UN Security Council’s counter-terrorism committee in a new report on the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on global terrorism.
Key among them is the exploitation of the crisis by terrorist groups, which have been using the virus and the government responses to it to feed the conspiracy theories and narratives they rely on to attract followers.
At the same time, the focus on the pandemic has put pressure on counter-terrorism budgets and led to the withdrawal of troops from the fight against ISIS and al-Qaeda as well as over-reach in some countries, potentially fuelling radicalization, it said.
Researchers have reported a surge in extremism-related online traffic during the pandemic. Moonshot CVE said there had been a “significant increase” in searches for violent far-right content in Ottawa, Montreal, Calgary and Edmonton.
But that does not necessarily mean those conducting the internet searches are radicalized, will become radicalized or will take violent action, said Ottawa-based terrorism expert Jessica Davis.
“I think we need to be careful to differentiate between radicalization and curiosity,” said Davis, president of Insight Threat Intelligence and a former senior strategic analyst at the Canadian Security Intelligence Service.
“I do think it’s a tough time for everyone, and the increased isolation may increase some risk factors for radicalization,” she said. “But I’d also say a lot of other risk factors are static or, in some cases, may be decreasing.”
The counter-terrorism committee’s report noted that “COVID-19-related narratives” had already been linked to attempted attacks on hospital patients and a hospital ship in the United States. In Tunisia, a plot to infect security forces was disrupted.
Cellphone towers have also been vandalized and damaged, it said. Quebec police made two arrests in May after several cellphone towers were set on fire. Some regions are also reporting increases in hate crimes, the report said.
The report also noted the pandemic had created problems for terrorist groups. Restrictions on gathering “have resulted in far fewer crowded spaces, potentially reducing the effectiveness of common terrorist tactics,” it said.
The focus of attention on COVID-19 has also reduced media attention on terrorist attacks, giving them less impact. That could drive them to try “more attention-grabbing targets or techniques” such as last month’s attack on a Kabul maternity ward.
But the pandemic risks fuelling grievances terrorists feed upon. In some countries, governments have taken advantage of the crisis to consolidate their hold on power, arresting political opponents and curbing civil liberties, it said.
“The pandemic has also forced some states to close their parliaments and postpone or cancel elections, thereby limiting opportunities for oversight and scrutiny of those responses,” said the report, adding some countries have also invoked emergency powers and engaged in mass surveillance.
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On this day: Jersey Joe Walcott scores knockout of a lifetime over Ezzard Charles
The worm finally turned for Jersey Joe.
On July 18, 1951, Jersey Joe Walcott scored a bolt-from-the blue, one-punch seventh-round knockout of old rival Ezzard Charles to claim the heavyweight championship of the world at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The official time was 0:55.
Walcott, who became the oldest heavyweight champion of all time to that point, at 37, was boxing’s nearly man. He performed brilliantly twice against then-champion Joe Louis, but was blatantly robbed in fight one and stopped in the rematch. Charles had also scored two points wins over Jersey Joe in world title bouts.
Leary of judging, Walcott felt that to become champion, he had to win by the short route.
Just as was the case in fights one and two, the pair matched up well in the third encounter. Both displayed excellent technical skill and scored some serious bombs through the first six rounds. However, it was the ending that no serious fan will ever forget.
After coming out of a clinch, Walcott, a master of angles, offered Charles a target. The challenger appeared wide open for the jab, but when Charles fired that shot, he fell into a trap. Walcott slipped the punch over his right shoulder and countered with an incredibly short – but extremely powerful – left hook from hell. In fact, pause the moment well enough and you’ll see Charles’ head wrench so violently to one side that it looked similar to the head spinning scene from The Exorcist. There was no way “The Cincinnati Cobra” was going to beat the count.
Walcott’s epic triumph also picked up The Ring’s Fight of the Year award.
The pair would meet for a fourth time the following year. At the Municipal Stadium in Philadelphia, Walcott prevailed via 15-round unanimous decision, ending this underrated rivalry at two wins a piece. | <urn:uuid:1d1fe974-f986-49f3-8995-52232441c3a3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ringtv.com/641884-on-this-day-jersey-joe-walcott-scores-knockout-of-a-lifetime-over-ezzard-charles/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.969921 | 415 | 1.773438 | 2 |
When setting up the policy to realize the transition in the energy supply to hydrogen, useful lessons can be drawn from previous transitions in other sectors, such as in the natural gas sector, agriculture, housing and the electricity sector. These lessons mainly relate to the design of financial support and the safeguarding of public interests.
These are the conclusions of Daan Hulshof, Machiel Mulder and Peter Perey of the Center for Energy Economics Research (CEER) of the University of Groningen in their research into the lessons that can be learned from the transitions that have taken place in agriculture, gas and electricity sector and housing construction over the past decades.
Society faced major challenges in each of these sectors. Shortly after the war, there was a great shortage of both food and housing. By means of targeted policies, the government took measures to solve these problems. In the gas sector, the discovery of the Groningen gas field in 1959 made a completely new energy source available, after which a major change in the energy supply was realized. In the electricity sector, the government has been working for several decades to realize a transition from fossil generation (from coal and gas) to renewable generation (with wind and sun).
A similar situation now seems to exist with hydrogen. In many countries, much is expected from hydrogen in order to achieve the climate goals, because this energy carrier can be used in many ways without the release of CO2. However, the widespread use of hydrogen will not get off the ground automatically, especially since it is still quite expensive to make. In addition, an infrastructure for transport and storage still needs to be developed, and users need to make all kinds of adjustments to be able to use hydrogen for, amongst others, heating homes, fuel in transport and as a raw material in industry. These developments will not be realized without government support. If the government provides adequate support, the hydrogen sector can be given a major boost, as has been shown in other sectors.
In the agricultural sector we have seen that by guaranteeing minimum prices and granting production subsidies, a sector can be strongly stimulated. However, experience in this sector also shows that continuing to provide such financial support for too long can lead to overproduction with a heavy burden on public resources and damage to the environment. In short, when government policy is too focused on the interests of a particular sector or technology, as has happened in agriculture, there is a risk that the public interest will shift beyond the horizon. It is therefore important to remain focused at all times on the primary public interest, which in the case of hydrogen is the reduction of CO2 emissions.
The design of subsidies is of course crucial, as the experiences with the promotion of sustainable electricity have shown. Initially, the subsidies provided a fixed payment for electricity from wind or solar, without taking into account the exact need for subsidy, which led to significant over-subsidization. Such effects are prevented by cleverly designing subsidies, for example by regularly adjusting the subsidy amount to market prices. The experiences in the electricity sector also show that the effectiveness of domestic policies can be reduced by policies in neighboring countries. Due to the promotion of renewable electricity in Germany, for example, electricity prices in the Netherlands also fell, which meant that more subsidies were needed here for wind and solar power. This can also happen with hydrogen production: foreign measures to stimulate hydrogen production will increase the price of electricity, which will (also) make hydrogen production more expensive in the Netherlands. It therefore seems more obvious to stimulate hydrogen production on a European rather than a national scale.
Providing financial support does not always lead to more supply, as we have seen in the housing sector. Through the mortgage interest relief tool, buyers have been stimulated for years to buy houses, but due to the shortage in supply, this measure led not so much to more supply, but to higher purchase prices. This experience shows that stimulating demand only makes sense if the supply can respond flexibly. Applied to the hydrogen sector, this means that stimulating hydrogen demand, in industry or transport, for example, will only lead to more hydrogen consumption if more green hydrogen can be produced, that is, if more renewable electricity is also produced. As long as the supply of green electricity is limited, stimulating the use of green hydrogen means that prices will increase, but not that more green energy will be added, because other electricity users will then have to use grey electricity (based on fossil energy).
Strong stimulation from one sector can lead to negative effects elsewhere. In agriculture, we have seen this in terms of adverse environmental impact.In the gas sector there was a strong emphasis on maximizing yields from the Groningen gas field, with attention only later being paid to the consequences for the living environment of the Groningen residents. From this we learn that it is important to adjust government targets in time when such effects occur. In the case of hydrogen, it is conceivable that a strong stimulation of hydrogen production, for example for export, will lead to a greatly increased roll-out of wind farms, which could have negative consequences for other interests on both land and the North Sea.
From foregoing follows that a strong focus on promoting a particular industry leads to the risk that other public interests will be lost out of sight. This risk will occur even more when the policy is designed in close consultation between government and the sector concerned. In agriculture and the gas sector in particular, there was a close interweaving of government and business, as a result of which the private interests of the business community and public interests simply became intertwined. In order to ensure that government policy remains focused on the ultimate public interests - in the case of hydrogen the reduction of CO2 emissions- it is important that the government remains at a distance from the business community, that it is not only dependent on information provided by the sector (for example for the subsidy schemes) and that it also involves other stakeholders in the decision-making.
E machiel.mulder rug.nl
T 06 31 03 57 29
Report: Daan Hulshof, Machiel Mulder and Peter Perey (2021). Giving hydrogen a jump start; lessons learned from Dutch policies in other industries. CEER Policy Paper 9.
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1.the branch of physics concerned with electromagnetic phenomena
2.magnetism produced by an electric current"electromagnetism was discovered when it was observed that a copper wire carrying an electric current can magnetize pieces of iron or steel near it"
voir la définition de Wikipedia
Antenna (electromagnetism) • Birkhoff theorem (electromagnetism) • Birkhoff's theorem (electromagnetism) • Chirality (electromagnetism) • Classical electromagnetism • Electromagnetism portal • Maxwell theory of electromagnetism • Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism • Permeability (electromagnetism) • Reciprocity (electromagnetism) • Rigidity (electromagnetism) • SI electromagnetism units • Timeline of electromagnetism • Timeline of electromagnetism and classical optics • Waveguide (electromagnetism)
science de la matière (fr)[Classe]
mathématiques appliquées (fr)[Classe]
physics; natural philosophy[ClasseHyper.]
qui se rapporte à une science (fr)[Classe...]
physics; natural philosophy[ClasseParExt.]
ensemble des phénomènes (fr)[Classe...]
magnetism; magnetic attraction; magnetic force[ClasseHyper.]
qui se rapporte à une science (fr)[Classe...]
minéralogie (fr)[termes liés]
Electromagnetism is the branch of science concerned with the forces that occur between electrically charged particles. In electromagnetic theory these forces are explained using electromagnetic fields. Electromagnetic force is one of the four fundamental interactions in nature, the other three being the strong interaction, the weak interaction and gravitation.
Electromagnetism is the interaction responsible for practically all the phenomena encountered in daily life, with the exception of gravity. Ordinary matter takes its form as a result of intermolecular forces between individual molecules in matter. Electrons are bound by electromagnetic wave mechanics into orbitals around atomic nuclei to form atoms, which are the building blocks of molecules. This governs the processes involved in chemistry, which arise from interactions between the electrons of neighboring atoms, which are in turn determined by the interaction between electromagnetic force and the momentum of the electrons.
Electromagnetism manifests as both electric fields and magnetic fields. Both fields are simply different aspects of electromagnetism, and hence are intrinsically related. Thus, a changing electric field generates a magnetic field; conversely a changing magnetic field generates an electric field. This effect is called electromagnetic induction, and is the basis of operation for electrical generators, induction motors, and transformers. Mathematically speaking, magnetic fields and electric fields are convertible with relative motion as a 2nd-order tensor or bivector.
Electric fields are the cause of several common phenomena, such as electric potential (such as the voltage of a battery) and electric current (such as the flow of electricity through a flashlight). Magnetic fields are the cause of the force associated with magnets.
In quantum electrodynamics, electromagnetic interactions between charged particles can be calculated using the method of Feynman diagrams, in which we picture messenger particles called virtual photons being exchanged between charged particles. This method can be derived from the field picture through perturbation theory.
Originally electricity and magnetism were thought of as two separate forces. This view changed, however, with the publication of James Clerk Maxwell's 1873 Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism in which the interactions of positive and negative charges were shown to be regulated by one force. There are four main effects resulting from these interactions, all of which have been clearly demonstrated by experiments:
While preparing for an evening lecture on 21 April 1820, Hans Christian Ørsted made a surprising observation. As he was setting up his materials, he noticed a compass needle deflected from magnetic north when the electric current from the battery he was using was switched on and off. This deflection convinced him that magnetic fields radiate from all sides of a wire carrying an electric current, just as light and heat do, and that it confirmed a direct relationship between electricity and magnetism.
At the time of discovery, Ørsted did not suggest any satisfactory explanation of the phenomenon, nor did he try to represent the phenomenon in a mathematical framework. However, three months later he began more intensive investigations. Soon thereafter he published his findings, proving that an electric current produces a magnetic field as it flows through a wire. The CGS unit of magnetic induction (oersted) is named in honor of his contributions to the field of electromagnetism.
His findings resulted in intensive research throughout the scientific community in electrodynamics. They influenced French physicist André-Marie Ampère's developments of a single mathematical form to represent the magnetic forces between current-carrying conductors. Ørsted's discovery also represented a major step toward a unified concept of energy.
This unification, which was observed by Michael Faraday, extended by James Clerk Maxwell, and partially reformulated by Oliver Heaviside and Heinrich Hertz, is one of the key accomplishments of 19th century mathematical physics. It had far-reaching consequences, one of which was the understanding of the nature of light. Light and other electromagnetic waves take the form of quantized, self-propagating oscillatory electromagnetic field disturbances called photons. Different frequencies of oscillation give rise to the different forms of electromagnetic radiation, from radio waves at the lowest frequencies, to visible light at intermediate frequencies, to gamma rays at the highest frequencies.
Ørsted was not the only person to examine the relation between electricity and magnetism. In 1802 Gian Domenico Romagnosi, an Italian legal scholar, deflected a magnetic needle by electrostatic charges. Actually, no galvanic current existed in the setup and hence no electromagnetism was present. An account of the discovery was published in 1802 in an Italian newspaper, but it was largely overlooked by the contemporary scientific community.
The electromagnetic force is one of the four known fundamental forces. The other fundamental forces are: the strong nuclear force, which binds quarks to form nucleons, and binds nucleons to form nuclei, the weak nuclear force, which causes certain forms of radioactive decay, and the gravitational force. All other forces (e.g. friction) are ultimately derived from these fundamental forces and momentum carried by the movement of particles.
The electromagnetic force is the one responsible for practically all the phenomena one encounters in daily life above the nuclear scale, with the exception of gravity. Roughly speaking, all the forces involved in interactions between atoms can be explained by the electromagnetic force acting on the electrically charged atomic nuclei and electrons inside and around the atoms, together with how these particles carry momentum by their movement. This includes the forces we experience in "pushing" or "pulling" ordinary material objects, which come from the intermolecular forces between the individual molecules in our bodies and those in the objects. It also includes all forms of chemical phenomena.
A necessary part of understanding the intra-atomic to intermolecular forces is the effective force generated by the momentum of the electrons' movement, and that electrons move between interacting atoms, carrying momentum with them. As a collection of electrons becomes more confined, their minimum momentum necessarily increases due to the Pauli exclusion principle. The behaviour of matter at the molecular scale including its density is determined by the balance between the electromagnetic force and the force generated by the exchange of momentum carried by the electrons themselves.
The scientist William Gilbert proposed, in his De Magnete (1600), that electricity and magnetism, while both capable of causing attraction and repulsion of objects, were distinct effects. Mariners had noticed that lightning strikes had the ability to disturb a compass needle, but the link between lightning and electricity was not confirmed until Benjamin Franklin's proposed experiments in 1752. One of the first to discover and publish a link between man-made electric current and magnetism was Romagnosi, who in 1802 noticed that connecting a wire across a voltaic pile deflected a nearby compass needle. However, the effect did not become widely known until 1820, when Ørsted performed a similar experiment. Ørsted's work influenced Ampère to produce a theory of electromagnetism that set the subject on a mathematical foundation.
A theory of electromagnetism, known as classical electromagnetism, was developed by various physicists over the course of the 19th century, culminating in the work of James Clerk Maxwell, who unified the preceding developments into a single theory and discovered the electromagnetic nature of light. In classical electromagnetism, the electromagnetic field obeys a set of equations known as Maxwell's equations, and the electromagnetic force is given by the Lorentz force law.
One of the peculiarities of classical electromagnetism is that it is difficult to reconcile with classical mechanics, but it is compatible with special relativity. According to Maxwell's equations, the speed of light in a vacuum is a universal constant, dependent only on the electrical permittivity and magnetic permeability of free space. This violates Galilean invariance, a long-standing cornerstone of classical mechanics. One way to reconcile the two theories is to assume the existence of a luminiferous aether through which the light propagates. However, subsequent experimental efforts failed to detect the presence of the aether. After important contributions of Hendrik Lorentz and Henri Poincaré, in 1905, Albert Einstein solved the problem with the introduction of special relativity, which replaces classical kinematics with a new theory of kinematics that is compatible with classical electromagnetism. (For more information, see History of special relativity.)
In addition, relativity theory shows that in moving frames of reference a magnetic field transforms to a field with a nonzero electric component and vice versa; thus firmly showing that they are two sides of the same coin, and thus the term "electromagnetism". (For more information, see Classical electromagnetism and special relativity.)
In another paper published in that same year, Albert Einstein undermined the very foundations of classical electromagnetism. His theory of the photoelectric effect (for which he won the Nobel prize for physics) posited that light could exist in discrete particle-like quantities, which later came to be known as photons. Einstein's theory of the photoelectric effect extended the insights that appeared in the solution of the ultraviolet catastrophe presented by Max Planck in 1900. In his work, Planck showed that hot objects emit electromagnetic radiation in discrete packets, which leads to a finite total energy emitted as black body radiation. Both of these results were in direct contradiction with the classical view of light as a continuous wave. Planck's and Einstein's theories were progenitors of quantum mechanics, which, when formulated in 1925, necessitated the invention of a quantum theory of electromagnetism. This theory, completed in the 1940s, is known as quantum electrodynamics (or "QED"), and, in situations where perturbation theory is applicable, is one of the most accurate theories known to physics.
Electromagnetic units are part of a system of electrical units based primarily upon the magnetic properties of electric currents, the fundamental SI unit being the ampere. The units are:
In the electromagnetic cgs system, electric current is a fundamental quantity defined via Ampère's law and takes the permeability as a dimensionless quantity (relative permeability) whose value in a vacuum is unity. As a consequence, the square of the speed of light appears explicitly in some of the equations interrelating quantities in this system.
SI electromagnetism units
|Symbol||Name of Quantity||Derived Units||Unit||Base Units|
|I||Electric current||ampere (SI base unit)||A||A (= W/V = C/s)|
|U, ΔV, Δφ; E||Potential difference; Electromotive force||volt||V||kg·m2·s−3·A−1 (= J/C)|
|R; Z; X||Electric resistance; Impedance; Reactance||ohm||Ω||kg·m2·s−3·A−2 (= V/A)|
|P||Electric power||watt||W||kg·m2·s−3 (= V·A)|
|C||Capacitance||farad||F||kg−1·m−2·s4·A2 (= C/V)|
|E||Electric field strength||volt per metre||V/m||kg·m·s−3·A−1 (= N/C)|
|D||Electric displacement field||Coulomb per square metre||C/m2||A·s·m−2|
|ε||Permittivity||farad per metre||F/m||kg−1·m−3·s4·A2|
|G; Y; B||Conductance; Admittance; Susceptance||siemens||S||kg−1·m−2·s3·A2 (= Ω−1)|
|κ, γ, σ||Conductivity||siemens per metre||S/m||kg−1·m−3·s3·A2|
|B||Magnetic flux density, Magnetic induction||tesla||T||kg·s−2·A−1 (= Wb/m2 = N·A−1·m−1)|
|Φ||Magnetic flux||weber||Wb||kg·m2·s−2·A−1 (= V·s)|
|H||Magnetic field strength||ampere per metre||A/m||A·m−1|
|L, M||Inductance||henry||H||kg·m2·s−2·A−2 (= Wb/A = V·s/A)|
|μ||Permeability||henry per metre||H/m||kg·m·s−2·A−2|
With the exception of gravitation, electromagnetic phenomena as described by quantum electrodynamics (which includes as a limiting case classical electrodynamics) account for almost all physical phenomena observable to the unaided human senses, including light and other electromagnetic radiation, all of chemistry, most of mechanics (excepting gravitation), and of course magnetism and electricity. Magnetic monopoles (and "Gilbert" dipoles) are not strictly electromagnetic phenomena, since in standard electromagnetism, magnetic fields are generated not by true "magnetic charge" but by currents. There are, however, condensed matter analogs of magnetic monopoles in exotic materials (spin ice) created in the laboratory.
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Jeux de lettres
Lettris est un jeu de lettres gravitationnelles proche de Tetris. Chaque lettre qui apparaît descend ; il faut placer les lettres de telle manière que des mots se forment (gauche, droit, haut et bas) et que de la place soit libérée.
Il s'agit en 3 minutes de trouver le plus grand nombre de mots possibles de trois lettres et plus dans une grille de 16 lettres. Il est aussi possible de jouer avec la grille de 25 cases. Les lettres doivent être adjacentes et les mots les plus longs sont les meilleurs. Participer au concours et enregistrer votre nom dans la liste de meilleurs joueurs ! Jouer
Dictionnaire de la langue française
La plupart des définitions du français sont proposées par SenseGates et comportent un approfondissement avec Littré et plusieurs auteurs techniques spécialisés.
Le dictionnaire des synonymes est surtout dérivé du dictionnaire intégral (TID).
L'encyclopédie française bénéficie de la licence Wikipedia (GNU).
Changer la langue cible pour obtenir des traductions.
Astuce: parcourir les champs sémantiques du dictionnaire analogique en plusieurs langues pour mieux apprendre avec sensagent.
calculé en 0,110s | <urn:uuid:1d9d2e98-263f-4b9e-95f1-7dc0069b5c70> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dictionnaire.sensagent.leparisien.fr/Electromagnetism/en-en/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.813147 | 4,039 | 3.28125 | 3 |
102 calories per ball, crammed with nutrition
Makes sense* Healthy snacking never tasted so good. These tasty energy bites will satisfy your cravings, any time of day or night. Using sense* for joint & bone superfood and supplement powder to make this energy bites recipe. Too good!
How to make the energy bites: Place all the ingredients in a food processor and pulse until well mixed, divide into 15 small chunks and roll into balls until smooth. You can wrap them in cling film to protect them if you desire. They will keep for 5–7 days in the fridge or 1 month in the freezer.
For a bit of variation, substitute half of the oats for al dente cooked quinoa, which has a better protein profile than oats.
Makes 15 energy bites (eat 4 max. a day)
- 1 cup oats
- 6 tbsp almond butter
- 3 medjool dates, pitted
- 2 tbsp honey
- ½ tsp cinnamon
- 3 tbsp sesame seeds
- 3 tbsp chopped walnuts
- 6 tbsp cacao powder
- 7 servings (1 handy pack) of sense* for joint & bone superfood and supplement powder
Nutrition Facts about for joint & bone energy bites
Complementing sense* for joint & bone superfood and supplement powder, the walnuts in this recipe have higher levels of omega 3s than most nuts. These work synergistically with our turmeric, ginger, and MSM, to reduce inflammation in the connective tissues, keeping joints healthy and moving smoothly. The sesame seeds have plenty of chromium and calcium assisting with your bone health. | <urn:uuid:e7687138-a2b6-4de1-a076-19fe6632248c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://senseproducts.co.uk/blog/sense-recipe-for-joint-bone-power-bites/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.890808 | 334 | 1.75 | 2 |
How Control Exists after Decentralization
Is the Internet a vast arena of unrestricted communication and freely exchanged information or a regulated, highly structured virtual bureaucracy? In Protocol, Alexander Galloway argues that the founding principle of the Net is control, not freedom, and that the controlling power lies in the technical protocols that make network connections (and disconnections) possible. He does this by treating the computer as a textual medium that is based on a technological language, code. Code, he argues, can be subject to the same kind of cultural and literary analysis as any natural language; computer languages have their own syntax, grammar, communities, and cultures. Instead of relying on established theoretical approaches, Galloway finds a new way to write about digital media, drawing on his backgrounds in computer programming and critical theory. Discipline-hopping is a necessity when it comes to complicated socio-technical topics like protocol, he writes in the preface.
Galloway begins by examining the types of protocols that exist, including TCP/IP, DNS, and HTML. He then looks at examples of resistance and subversion--hackers, viruses, cyberfeminism, Internet art--which he views as emblematic of the larger transformations now taking place within digital culture. Written for a nontechnical audience, Protocol serves as a necessary counterpoint to the wildly utopian visions of the Net that were so widespread in earlier days.
An engaging methodological hybrid of the Frankfurt School and UNIX for Dummies.... Galloway brings the uncool question of morality back into critical thinking.
, The Village Voice
Galloway is one of the very few people who are equally well versed in poststructuralist cultural theory and computer programming.
, The Pinocchio Theory Weblog
Protocol...is a book on computer science written by someone who's not a computer scientist, and that's a good thing. | <urn:uuid:6c248e96-f218-4a6c-a259-930e732ab388> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bookshop.org/books/protocol-how-control-exists-after-decentralization/9780262572330 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.918882 | 403 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Mussel shells and water bottles? How small things can change an entire industry
Poor plastics. At a time when sustainable and organic materials are all over the place, plastics have the image of being cheap and bad for the environment. But in the Embassy of Rethinking Plastic, plastics will have their own platform. Because by looking at it from another perspective, plastic offers a world of opportunities.
“A good designer can show you the way to see things differently”, says Leonne Cuppen of Yksi Expo. For years she ran her own design studio, now she gives young design talents with a focus on sustainability and circularity a platform in Eindhoven, and connecting them with the industry.
Together with Willemijn Peeters, founder of Searious Business, she organised an exhibition last year about the innovative ways designers deal with plastics. It was an exhibition meant to inspire and raise awareness about plastic.
Now comes the next step, a new Embassy focussing on plastic. “It’s time to start acting”, says Cuppen. With this in mind, a two-year programme has been developed together with designers, knowledge institutes and large packaging organisations. The basis is the exhibition at Yksi, divided into six themes. These are about the pros and cons of plastic, but also about methods and systems to collect plastic in a meaningful way. About how you can reuse and upcycle plastics into new products. And certainly also about creating (emotional) value so that users will experience the use of plastics differently.
There is also a Rethinking Plastic House, about building with bioplastics and renewable raw materials, and a Rethinking Plastic Academy – where companies can share their issues with plastics. Cuppen has established a whole network of mbo’s, hbo’s and universities that are working on these cases. From students of physics to applied psychology.
An example of such a question comes from the mussel industry. Cuppen: “The packaging of mussels is usually made of plastic. What we now want to investigate is whether we can process residual flows, such as mussel shells, into packaging materials. That is a very interesting question, and also quite a challenging one. After all, you can’t just replace packaging materials. It has to meet all sorts of requirements with regard to the shelf life and safety of such a product.”
Co-initiator Willemijn Peeters helps major brands to use their plastics more sustainably on a daily basis. With Searious Business she advises companies such as Jumbo Supermarkets and Unilever on how to achieve other ways of packaging and recycling.
Plastic can also be a revenue model in itself, designer Dave Hakkens shows. Through his open source platform Precious Plastic, he designed a machine to recycle plastic and ways to make new products from it, from furniture to face masks. Perhaps even more important is the global community he managed to build around it. Hakkens: “From Portugal to Indonesia, people have assembled their own plastic recycling system and turned waste into new products.” The Precious Plastic project is one of many hopeful examples to be seen in the Embassy of Rethinking Plastic over the next two years. | <urn:uuid:3936a0ff-a712-4672-93f9-c0f419794f0c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.worlddesignembassies.com/en/topics/mussel-shells-and-water-bottles-how-small-things-can-change-an-entire-industry/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.959553 | 677 | 2.28125 | 2 |
AP Photo/Ivan Sekretarev
UNITED NATIONS (AP) — The U.N. Security Council will vote Saturday on rival Syria resolutions sponsored by France and Russia and both are virtually certain to be vetoed, leaving the war-ravaged country and the besieged city of Aleppo engulfed in conflict and key powers deeply divided.
Russia’s last minute introduction of a rival resolution on Friday afternoon took Western supporters of the French draft by surprise.
Several diplomats privately called it a brilliant move by Moscow because it will force Western powers to veto as well.
So instead of Russia alone being put in a negative spotlight for vetoing the French resolution demanding an end to the bombing campaign by Syrian and Russian aircraft in Aleppo, the Western powers are highly likely to veto the Russian draft because it makes no mention of a bombing halt.
As a result, the votes Saturday afternoon, first on the French draft and then on the Russian proposal, are expected to exacerbate tensions between Moscow and the West over the Syrian conflict that has raged for more than five years, killing over 300,000 people.
Since the collapse of the U.S.-Russia-brokered cease-fire two weeks ago, the situation in Syria has dramatically deteriorated, with both countries escalating their rhetoric and actions.
Russia’s military warned the U.S. on Thursday against striking the Syrian army, stressing that Russian air defense weapons in Syria stand ready to fend off any attack.
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry stepped up the West’s attack Friday morning, calling for Russian and Syrian military strikes against civilians and medical facilities in Syria to be investigated as war crimes.
France circulated its draft resolution a week ago, saying it wanted the council to unite behind it. But negotiations never got Russia on board and French Foreign Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault’s visit to Moscow this week didn’t either.
Russia, a close Syria ally, has opposed any grounding of its warplanes, which have been supporting President Bashar Assad’s military campaign.
Russia’s U.N. Ambassador Vitaly Churkin called the French draft, which demands an immediate end to all bombing and military flights over Aleppo, “very hastily put together.”
“I frankly believe that this is designed not to make progress” in ending the current stalemate “but to cause a Russian veto,” he told reporters after U.N. envoy Staffan de Mistura briefed the Security Council behind closed doors on Friday morning.
Churkin, the current council president, said it was “unprecedented” that the 15-member council would ask a permanent member to limit its activities, in this case requiring the Russian military to stop flights.
Asked if Russia would veto the French draft, Churkin said he never uses the word until he gets instructions from Moscow, but “I cannot possibly see how we can let this resolution pass.”
He gave no hint at the time that Russia had a rival resolution.
France’s Ayrault, meanwhile, had flown from Moscow to Washington where he told reporters that Saturday’s vote on the French draft would be “a moment of truth” for the Security Council, especially for Russia.
Council members need to decide: “Do you, yes or no, want a cease-fire in Aleppo?” he said after talks Friday with Kerry.
Both the French and Russian resolutions urge immediate implementation of the U.S.-Russia cessation of hostilities agreement and “immediate, safe and unhindered humanitarian access throughout Syria.”
But France and its Western allies insist that the first step must be a bombing halt.
Britain’s Rycroft echoed U.N. envoy de Mistura’s view that the bombing of rebel-held eastern Aleppo, with a population of 275,000 civilians including 100,000 children and about 1,000 “terrorists,” was indiscriminate.
“This is not about stamping out terrorism, this is about killing civilians,” Rycroft told reporters. “We are all in favor of fighting terrorism in Syria but the biggest single killer of innocent civilians in Syria is the Syrian regime. The second biggest killer of innocent civilians in Syria is Russia, and it’s only the third biggest killer of innocent civilians in Syria that is al-Qaida, Al Nusra and all the other terrorists.”
There are other key differences in the two resolutions as well.
The French draft expresses the council’s intention to take “further measures” – U.N. code for sanctions – in the event that any party to the Syria conflict doesn’t comply with its demands. There is no mention of this in the Russian text.
The Russian draft also has two elements not in the French text.
It stresses “the urgent need to achieve and verify separating moderate forces from ‘Jabhat Al-Nusra’ as a key priority.”
It also welcomes de Mistura’s proposal for al-Qaida-linked militants formerly known as the Nusra Front to leave Aleppo in exchange for a halt to Russian and Syrian government bombardment and asks Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon to present a plan to the council to implement it.
Powered by WPeMatico | <urn:uuid:38d249d8-1abd-453b-952a-7da4bdd37086> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://3oliver.info/un-to-vote-on-rival-syria-resolutions-_-and-likely-veto-both/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.950606 | 1,111 | 1.757813 | 2 |
The With Profits Market
The size of the with profit market (i.e.the current value of all money held in with profits policies) today is estimated to be £300 Billion!
This figure is astonishing because it implies that with profits policies must be good. Otherwise why do so many people (12 million approximately) hold money in them?
If there is one thing we have learned about the Financial Services world and industry in the past few years is that just because something is big, doesn’t mean it is good.
This definitely applies to with-profits. Just because there is such a vast amount of money in this area it does not mean that it is good for investors to be in this area. Bear in mind just one statistic when reviewing this sentence: about 1/3 of all that £300 billion is in funds that have achieved NO GROWTH over the past five years.
Another thing we have learned is that Financial Services companies are very good at dressing up investments and plans and making them look good. This definitely applies to with-profits.
The real reasons why so many people have so much money in with-profits is because of a basic trick applied by the companies: they make with-profits sound good, but wrap up all the detail in such complex and convoluted terminology, surrounded by rafts of paperwork, that virtually no-one can understand what they have.
This can (and often does) lead to a situation where what you see is not what you get. For example there may be plans that offer headline bonuses (maybe 5% per year) but then have clauses which allow these bonuses to be whipped away at a moment’s notice.
Now, much of this £300 billion is within with profit funds that are very poor, both in terms of past performance and future prospects.
Some of the £300 billion is in funds which are good and have good prospects. This is the problem with describing everything under the same banner, because not all with-profits are the same, some are good, some indifferent, some are just terrible (there is no other way to put it).
Our site aims to break this down company by company and, crucially, by offering an individual assessment we can help you assess your own individual with profits fund holding or with-profits policy. | <urn:uuid:fdfa5704-cc4c-44c7-a55c-76f8c42947fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.reviewyourwithprofits.co.uk/the-market-2014/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.969593 | 472 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Our Towns: A 100,000-Mile Journey into the Heart of America, by James Fallows and Deborah Fallows. New York: Pantheon Books. May 2018. ISBN: 9781101871843. 432 pages.
Keith Morton, Department of Public and Community Service Studies, Providence College.
Correspondence regarding this book review should be addressed to Keith Morton, Professor, Department of Public and Community Service Studies, Providence College, Feinstein Academic Center 402, Providence, RI 02918-0001. Phone: (401) 865-1204. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.org
Book Review: Our Towns: A 100,000-Mile Journey into the Heart of America, by James Fallows and Deborah Fallows
When I first started reading James and Deborah Fallows’ Our Towns: A 100,000-Mile Journey into the Heart of America, I was expecting a mash-up of something like William Least Heat Moon’s Blue Highways and Frances Moore Lappe’s Rediscovering America’s Values—that is, a travelogue of stories of ordinary people doing extraordinary public work in ordinary places across the United States. I could feel my resistance to the book’s “look on the positive side” approach since, these days, I often have my guard up against what I perceive as the political and cultural erosion of hard-won public policies affecting people and places I care about. The title’s cute nod to Thornton Wilder’s 1938 play about Grover’s Corners only fanned my skepticism. As it turns out, I was partially right, but I was mostly wrong.
Our Towns is a travelogue, and it does tell a series of positive, place-based stories, gathered by this husband and wife team over four years of flying all over the United States. More than this, though, it is a book that offers a deliberate, grounded, and thoughtful counterpoint to the strident national narrative of an increasingly polarized, angry, and alienated citizenry.
The authors do mention Least Heat Moon as one of their inspirations, along with Tocqueville, Dickens, Twain, and other close observers of the “American experiment” at various points in time; indeed, they make clear the company they want to keep. They also focus on the positive—on possibility. Like John McKnight, with his stories of asset-based community development, they describe again and again the creative ways people identify, organize, and put to work their limited resources in challenging contexts to serve a public good. Describing the various ways towns and cities reinvent themselves after experiencing economic and demographic crises, the Fallows make a case for the power of place, the value of community, and “local patriotism.” In addition, they describe the consistent and central roles of public institutions, such as schools, libraries, and community colleges, in this reinvention.
The narrative structure of the book grows out of the authors’ descriptions of flying together across the United States in a small plane piloted by James. Their flights provide some chronological structure and a sense of the nation’s immense, diverse geographic spaces. Flying in a small, low-altitude plane also offers a metaphor for the focal length they adopt for observing the towns they visit—high enough to see wholes, systems, and to search for patterns, and close-in enough to recognize granular detail and explore how it fit into or revealed something worth knowing about the patterns and systems.
The Fallows are explicit in their introduction about what this choice of perspective revealed in sum:
By the end of the journey, we felt sure of something we had suspected at the beginning: an important part of the face of modern America has slipped from people’s view, in a way that makes a big and destructive difference in the country’s public life.
What they find in “our towns” is a vibrant and effective, if messy, public culture that stands in vivid counterpoint to the polarization, anger, and alienation of national discourse:
The point that comes back to us is the starkness of the contrast: on the one hand, the flattened terms—“angry,” “resentful,” “hopeless”—the language the media and politicians use to describe America in general; and on the other hand, the engaged, changing realities people understand about the places where they actually live.
As a cultural historian, I am skeptical of studies that want to focus only on the positive. I worry that telling half the story is a form of fantasy, or an invitation to minimize the persistent shadows of American history, such as racism, economic exploitation, and environmental degradation. This runs the risk of making the suffering experienced in parallel with the positive seem normal and acceptable. By the book’s end, though, the Fallows had won me over. They succeed in focusing on the positive without romanticizing it or ignoring the complicated and sometimes intractable social realities of the places they observe. For example, they cite historian Paul Starr in summarizing their perspective on the tension between democracy and economic inequality: “Democracy, [Starr] argues, finally depends on and is defined by the ability of political power to control strictly economic forces. Otherwise you’re talking about a nationwide corporation, not a country.”
I think of Our Town as a wonderful book for introducing students and community members—in high school civics courses, in “community engaged” courses at colleges, in local voluntary associations, in public leadership roles—to possibility and to a strong case that locates, explains, and validates the many small efforts in which they are involved. While partisanship and ideology matter, they are often peripheral to the solutions local communities pursue. As the Fallows observe, most communities that are losing population, emptying out and aging, welcome refugees and migrants, regardless of how they vote in national elections. Most communities are willing to take risks on bond issues that can finance public infrastructure—regardless of whether they are red or blue in national polls. Most community leaders, including those who run private companies, want to replace economies dependent on low-wage jobs with economies that provide a solid middle-class livelihood or better. Most recognize the importance of arts, crafts, and communal creativity as a lever for positive change. Most are pragmatic about histories of racism and oppression, and wish there were more accessible processes for remedying these legacies.
The book closes with a list of “10½ Signs of Civic Success” comprising a pattern common across the 29 or so places the Fallows describe at length. Many of these signs will be familiar to readers who work in place-making, community development, or civil society organizations. Community building, they argue, is not a recipe nor is it brought into being by doing certain things in a particular order. Community, the Fallows suggest, is a systems effect that people in particular places experience as the social, economic, educational, personal, and public dimensions of their lives come into closer alignment. All of the stories the Fallows tell are about successes that come after years-long heavy lifts by civic associations, local governments, educators, and leaders from the nonprofit and for-profit sectors.
Our Town is hopeful and sometimes inspiring, and it promises to be useful as a way to open up conversations with neighbors we might otherwise see as part of the problem, or not see at all. The greatest potential the Fallows point to, I think, is the power of what systems theorists call “connectivity,” finding ways to link otherwise disconnected pieces of a system so that the sum of the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. “There are a lot of more positive narratives out there—but they’re lonely and disconnected,” they write in closing. “It would make a difference to join them together, as a chorus that has a melody.”
Keith Morton is Professor and Chair of Public and Community Service Studies, and Director of the Feinstein Institute for Public Service at Providence College. He has worked in the areas of community development, community service, and community theory for more than 30 years. His teaching, scholarship, and community work focus on how we learn from experience, on service and nonviolence as practices of community building, and on the historic and present meanings of community and service in people’s lives. Much of his work is grounded in the Smith Hill neighborhood of Providence. His book, Getting Out: Youth Gangs, Violence and Positive Change, is forthcoming from the University of Massachusetts Press. | <urn:uuid:ca029637-c60b-426e-8248-15f4bc95e791> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ejournalofpublicaffairs.org/9_1004_book-review-our-towns-a-100000-mile-journey-into-the-heart-of-america-by-james-fallows-and-deborah-fallows/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.947142 | 1,788 | 1.65625 | 2 |
You are a detective looking for clues that confirm or deny your assumptions. Entrepreneurs have a tendency to over-obsess about their product to the neglect of other business risks. They also tend to stay inside their heads way too long. Get out and talk to humans.. Understand your market. When do they buy?. Why do they buy?. Where do they buy?. Ask to be connected with friends of friends. You don’t want someone’s affection to steer what they have to say. Write down our assumptions. Don’t let any single number dominate your strategic thinking. You are in search of a scalable and reputable business model. Learn before you scale. Key takeaways. Who do you want to learn from?. The typical customer you envision if you get traction with your idea. Get specific with who we’re targeting. Think through the kinds of people who have the problem we’re interested in solving. If you cannot get early adopters, you cannot move on. What do you want to learn?. The most important questions. Get your customer to tell a story about their first experience our product is trying to solve. Ask open ended questions. Start with words like. Who, what, why, how. Avoid questions with. Is, are, would, do you. What should I have asked you that I didn’t?. Page 40: testing for price, feedback on a prototype. If you could wave a magic wand and solve any problem, what would you want to solve?. Have set targets for the assumption statistics we’re setting. Setting a target forces you to carefully think through what you were hoping to see, it makes decisions and judgment calls a bit easier as you review your data. Good questions. Observing on uninfluenced behavior can lead to great insights. Try to get one degree of separation away from the people that you know for interviews. Set a goal of walking out of every interview with two or three new candidates. Ask for advice. If a method isn’t working, try something new. Go into the conversations with the assumption that they are trying to kill your idea. Try to shut up as much as possible. Find the why behind the What. Repeating back to them what they just said well either have them correct you or give you a second answer. Get stories first, feedback second. Ask them upfront be brutally honest. Make sense of your patterns. Don’t obsess over any one particular metric, and continue to question what is behind your numbers. Expect false positives. Talk to 50-100 people. We are not here to be faint of heart. We are here to change the world. | <urn:uuid:18f25d1c-f38a-46dd-a0cd-ac6084adb336> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.twosapp.com/60c618c5601e85babd94baa4 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.960674 | 558 | 1.65625 | 2 |
On Monday, 27 August 2018 05.53.04 WEST Javier Perez wrote:
Why is Rstudio 0.99.467 ?
When I start it Rstudio tells me that there is a newer 1.1.456
Rstudio is not on Fedora so you should have probably installed it by hand
(eventually using the rpm provided there).
When rstudio starts it always checks if there is a new version available. That
is what you are getting. | <urn:uuid:132afcc7-2e9e-4505-844a-e9dcbe4c7bfa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lists.fedorahosted.org/archives/list/users@lists.fedoraproject.org/thread/KHCIFFFDEHT3UFC6OA7HZP6SREVXTVKF/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.85825 | 126 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Previous research on the N400 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP) has dealt primarily with measuring the degree of expectancy on the part of the reader as a result of the context within a sentence. Research has shown that when the final word in a sentence is unexpected or incoherent, a greater N400 amplitude is elicited than if the final word is expected or coherent within the context of the sentence. The present study investigated whether the N400 component is sensitive to global, as well as local, semantic expectancy. Global coherence refers to the ease with which subjects can relate the current proposition they are reading with theme-related ideas. In the present study, the effect of global coherence on event-related brain potentials was tested using four titled and untitled paragraphs (Bransford & Johnson, 1972; Dooling & Lachman, 1971), presented one word at a time. These paragraphs are noncoherent, and are made coherent only with the presentation of a title. The EEG was recorded in response to every word in all four paragraphs. We found an increase in N400 amplitude in response to the words in the Untitled paragraphs relative to the Titled paragraphs, indicating that global coherence does affect the N400. In addition, subjects in the Titled group showed an enhanced P1-N1 component relative to the Untitled group suggesting that the presence of global coherence allows greater attention to be allocated to early visual processing of words. | <urn:uuid:7deb1427-e9b8-40ac-87be-dce89b88b78a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://mitpdev.mit.edu/journal/10.1162/jocn.1994.6.1.70 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.941604 | 302 | 1.617188 | 2 |
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