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Idioms and Phrasal Verbs Oxford Word Skills Intermediate
Idioms and Phrasal Verbs forms part of the Oxford Word Skills vocabulary series. It is a series of two books for students to learn. practise. and revise everyday English idioms and phrasal verbs.Each book contains 60 units of vocabulary presentation and practice. Units are one to three pages long. depending on the topic. New vocabulary is presented in manageable quantities for learners. with practice exercises following immediately. usually on the same page. The units are grouped together thematically in modules of four to nine units. At the end of each module there are further practice exercises in the review units. So that learners can revise and test themselves on the vocabulary learned.
جهت استعلام قیمت و سفارش چاپ این محصول لطفا با انتشارات گنج حضور تماس حاصل فرمایید
دسته: آموزش زبان انگلیسی برچسب: Idioms and Phrasal Verbs Oxford Word Skills Intermediate, چاپ کتاب, فروش کتاب | <urn:uuid:056e4004-563f-443b-acdc-2c97d2935936> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ganjpublishers.com/product/idioms-and-phrasal-verbs-oxford-word-skills-intermediate/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.728561 | 324 | 2.75 | 3 |
Nancy Pelosi has said dealing with climate change is a matter of “justice and equality”, after travelling to COP26 with Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and a group of leading US politicians.
The Democrats arrived at COP26 on Tuesday as part of a Congressional delegation, as the climate change summit focuses on women’s equality.
The US Speaker of the House introduced Nicola Sturgeon at an event on gender equality on Tuesday.
Pelosi led a group of more than 20 US politicians who have travelled to the conference in Glasgow.
Addressing the conference on Tuesday, she said this was the largest congressional delegation ever to have attended a climate change conference.
She said: “80% of the people displaced in climate change globally are women.
“Addressing the rapidly changing climate is a matter of justice and equality, with the most vulnerable most affected, including indigenous communities and our focus today – and every day – on women.
“We come here fresh from advancing the most ambitious and consequential climate and energy legislation of all time in our country.”
Pelosi also introduced the First Minister, who went on to chair a panel discussion on gender equality and climate change.
Ocasio-Cortez shared details of her journey to Scotland on her Instagram, saying it was her first ever trip with a “codel” – congressional delegation.
She flew in from the US in a military aircraft, posting: “Despite the craziness and media frenzy, I was still a waitress just three years ago.
“So I still have moments in my life where it hits me that I’m actually in Congress. This was one of those moments.”
Posting a photo of the coronavirus test she took upon arrival in the UK, she said: “Shout out to the NHS, I wish we had you at home. We need #medicareforall.”
As discussions at the conference turned to issues of gender equality, a giant puppet called Little Amal arrived in the “blue zone”.
The 12ft-tall puppet, which represents a young Syrian girl, has walked 4970 miles across Europe to raise awareness around the needs of refugee children.
It was present as a session on “advancing gender equality in climate action” began at the conference.
The event was designed to showcase some of the best examples of gender equality in climate action, highlighting the disproportionate impact of climate change on women.
On Tuesday, as part of the summit’s Gender Day, Cop President Alok Sharma announced UK Government funding of £165m for communities and women’s groups to tackle climate change.
Anne-Marie Trevelyan, the UK minister who is chairing the flagship Gender Day event, said: “It is women, girls and those who are already most marginalised, that will be most severely impacted by climate change.
“But they also have a critical role to play to address the climate crisis.
“The UK is committed to addressing this dual challenge head on, committing new funding to empower communities and women’s groups to take locally-led adaptation action, to build local, national and global resilience.” | <urn:uuid:2d1af441-b4e8-49cd-a6b9-964b6ca88598> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.stv.tv/west-central/cop26-climate-change-is-matter-of-equality-says-nancy-pelosi | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.965911 | 673 | 2.015625 | 2 |
The Essential Jefferson
Through substantial selections from Jefferson's writings--including his earliest writings, Notes on Virginia, and key public papers and personal correspondence--this volume traces the development of his thinking on such fundamental issues as republicanism, constitutionalism, slavery, and the separation of religion from politics. Footnotes identify Jefferson's correspondents and provide useful context.
What people are saying - Write a review
We haven't found any reviews in the usual places. | <urn:uuid:359f7638-6fcf-42ce-a685-9ac92d7ac77e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://books.google.com/books?id=iQGA8iIpZxQC | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.910844 | 94 | 2.5625 | 3 |
What are schedules in accounts?
In accounting, a schedule is defined as the supporting report or document which constitutes detailed information, explaining the elements of the chief financial report. It serves as a kind of proof to all the data that is presented in the financial report, with answers to all the numbers mentioned in the report.
What are the schedules in balance sheet?
Format A — Balance Sheet:
- Schedule I — Capital:
- Schedule II — Reserves and Surplus:
- Schedule III — Deposits:
- Schedule IV — Borrowings:
- Schedule V — Other Liabilities & Provisions:
- Schedule VI — Cash and Balance with RBI:
- Schedule VII — Balance with Banks and Money at Call & Short Notice:
- Schedule VIII — Investments:
What are lead schedules in accounting?
A lead schedule (also called a lead sheet) is a document that serves as a summary and index of the make-up of financial statement line items and related note disclosures. A lead schedule shows the general ledger (GL) accounts that are included in each financial statement line item and note disclosure.
What are account schedules in Business Central?
Account Schedules are used to get visibility into the financial chart of accounts data that resides inside Business Central in order to obtain reports like income statements, balance sheets, or cash flows. Account Schedules aren’t as new as Business Central itself.
How many schedules are prepared in bank accounts?
FINAL ACCOUNTS The Banking Regulation act, 1949 prescribes formats of preparing final accounts of the Banking companies. The third schedule of section 29 gives forms ‘A’ for the balance sheet and Form ‘B’ for Profit and loss account. The balance sheet consists of total 12 schedules.
What is financial schedule?
FINANCIAL SCHEDULE, contained in an audited annual report, summarizes the audited financial position of the audited entity. Other application of the term is the scheduling of amounts, not necessarily by date, of major financial events by any given category as to projected receipts, payments, costs, etc.
What is schedule of accounts receivable?
The schedule of accounts receivable is a report that lists all amounts owed by customers. The report lists each outstanding invoice as of the report date, aggregated by customer. The collections team examines the schedule to determine which invoices are overdue, and then makes collection calls to customers. Credit.
What is a movement schedule?
movement schedule. A schedule developed to monitor or track a separate entity, whether it is a force requirement, cargo or personnel increment, or lift asset.
What is Schedule No 15?
ACCOUNTING CONVENTION The preparation of Financial Statements requires the management to make estimates and assumptions in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) as of the date of the financial statements and the reported income and expenses during the reporting period.
What does schedule of accounts receivable show?
Schedule of accounts receivable. The schedule of accounts receivable is a report that lists all amounts owed by customers. The report lists each outstanding invoice as of the report date, aggregated by customer.
What is schedule of accounts payable?
Schedule of Accounts Payable. The schedule of accounts payable is a detailed listing of all the vendors that your company owes money. If your company purchases raw materials and services from a variety of other companies, it is likely that you have been offered terms and are not paying for everything outright in cash.
What is an account receivables schedule?
Definition: The schedule of accounts receivable is a report made by management that lists each customer in the accounts receivable system and how much they owe. In other words, the schedule of accounts receivable is simply a list of all the customers who owe the company money on account .
What is a schedule account?
Glossary: schedule of accounts. Schedule of Accounts is a report given by the client to the factor listing information about the account of each of the client’s customers. | <urn:uuid:d45aa067-30bf-497f-9181-052ecad81480> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bookriff.com/what-are-schedules-in-accounts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.937065 | 831 | 2.875 | 3 |
Welcome to episode 224 of Bureaucracy Beats Common Sense.
Today, we’re trying to catch a school bus. Only problem is we can’t pay to use the spare seat on the vehicle because we’d be contravening national regulations.
And we can’t hop aboard for free as Staffordshire County Council’s budget will only stretch to funding statutory home-to-school transport. That’s where pupils live more than three miles away from their nearest school and qualify for free passes.
If you’re a member of the newly formed campaign group, Save Our Seats, you’re tearing your hair out at this point. Up to 300 Staffordshire students are affected, including those who lost their right to free transport after turning 16.
So how have we got into this mess?
Years ago, the council launched the ‘vacant seat’ scheme (VSS), which meant pupils ineligible for free transport could pay £625-a-year to use a spare seat on a dedicated school bus.
That was a win-win as it helped cover the cost of laying on the transport for free bus pass holders and enabled pupils in rural areas to get to school.
Many communities in Staffordshire no longer have regular public bus services. When council subsidies were cut, travel operators pulled out of serving lots of rural villages.
So without that school bus, the only way some pupils can get to lessons is if they are driven to school by their parents. Families juggling full-time jobs with the school-run know this can be enormously difficult.
All was well until we found out about PSVAR – passenger services vehicles accessibility regulations.
Back in 2000 – 21 years ago – a law was passed to ensure buses and coaches with more than 22 seats were disability compliant. They had to have ramps or lifts for wheelchair access, handrails, high-visibility equipment, and extra switches and buzzers.
It was phased in to help travel operators cope with the substantial outlay of replacing or adapting their vehicles. By January 1, 2020, school buses or coaches with paying passengers had to be compliant.
Now let’s agree. No one with a disability should be discriminated against. In an ideal world, all vehicles should be accessible.
But the way PSVAR has been introduced is a classic case of bureaucracy gone mad. Buses and coaches have been treated as the same type of vehicles, even though their designs are different.
And under the rules, a school bus which only caters for pupils who travel for free doesn’t have to be PSVAR compliant. The legislation is only relevant if at least one passenger pays, which turns it into public transport.
The county council agreed to waive charges for VSS for 10 months to give travel firms time to sort out their vehicles. Government ministers also offered a temporary exemption.
The authority has surveyed six transport operators and, so far, only 22 per cent of their fleets are compliant. These firms would need to spend up to £10 million to meet PSVAR.
When the pandemic hit, the vacant seat scheme was suspended in Staffordshire so vehicles could be Covid-secure. Now the local authority is consulting on scrapping VSS altogether.
The Save Our Schools group has highlighted some ridiculous scenarios.
Some families have a younger child travelling on a bus and are having to drive behind the vehicle to take their older child to the same school.
One pupil with mild learning difficulties found the school bus gave them independence by fostering their confidence and friendships. The irony is they are now losing that sense of freedom because of laws designed to improve inclusion.
So what’s the solution? If the council can’t charge parents, it needs another source of income to cover the administrative costs of the vacant seat scheme.
What about getting businesses to sponsor school buses?
Or how about following the lead of some other local councils by launching a community lottery? One of the lottery’s good causes could focus on providing transport in rural communities.
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Sign up now to receive it for freehere. | <urn:uuid:2c69a5b7-c6f0-49e0-88eb-54db422ca2e2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stokesentinel.co.uk/news/stoke-on-trent-news/school-buses-5902315 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.967088 | 864 | 2.375 | 2 |
Jump into interactive stories and learn 50+ future-ready skills!
Every minute of content is reviewed and approved. Always high-quality. Always age-appropriate. Never any ads.
Early Learning Platform
Hellosaurus is built for kids 2-8 years old by early childhood experts and designed for independent play.
Active Screen Time
Hellosaurus activates the camera, microphone, multitouch screen, and motion sensors to transform the way kids learn through stories!
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Award-winning kids' digital media strategist
"It was fun!
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5 years old
"This is the new wave of television, allowing children to co-create and feel connected, something we need now more than ever."
Early childhood educator
"The benefits to this type of active engagement include better hand-eye coordination and improved problem solving ability, both of which are crucial for strong childhood development."
CEO of Mother Goose Club
"When I understood how they were changing the dynamic between kids and screens from passive to active, I knew it was something I would want to be involved in."
Award-winning children’s musician | <urn:uuid:fe345b1a-be80-4d33-9c5f-12171ebe6c19> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hellosaurus.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.949137 | 282 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Vaulted or cathedral ceilings have that je ne sais quoi factor. They are a statement in a space and can create a very different effect to standard height ceilings. However, with the design choice comes a few hitches in terms of your ceiling fan.
So, you have the tall ceiling you wanted. Now it’s about having to make the most out of your ceiling fixtures. There is, unfortunately, a best placement for a ceiling fan that is not tailored to particularly high ceilings, but you can try and work with a less than ideal installment height by making use of the direction settings.
Ceiling fan direction depends on how much the clearances differ from the recommendations. Slightly exceeding the distances means following the general rules for direction. However, significant ceiling heights make the counterclockwise (summer) mode more effective in both summer and winter.
Typical Ceiling Fan Direction
The summer mode or setting on your ceiling fan directs the blades in a counterclockwise direction. This means that the higher parts of the pitched blades are cutting through the air first. Thus, air is taken from above and around the fan and pushed downward by the blades.
The air channeled down through the fan is how we experience the cooling effect of a ceiling fan. When a fan blows air towards you, you can experience wind chill. This is the act of airflow blowing past your skin, which causes heat loss and makes you feel cooler.
This also means that wind chill is only effective if it is acting on you. A fan cannot mechanically cool a room like air conditioning.
In the winter mode or setting on your fan, the blades rotate in a clockwise direction. This means that the lower parts of the blades are leading. The purpose here is to pull air up towards the ceiling to force the warmer air that has risen to disperse down around the walls. By using the updraft, warm air can be distributed through the room.
In the same way that a ceiling fan does not actually generate cold air, it cannot produce warm air either. However, in the summer setting, we have the benefit of wind chill; in the winter mode, your fan will have limited effectiveness on its own.
To get the best out of the winter setting, you will need to use a heat source; then the fan can distribute heated air.
Effectiveness Limited with High Ceilings
The distance between the ceiling fan and the ceiling, floor, and walls is important for how effectively a fan can perform in both summer and winter mode.
If you were to follow the height of a vaulted/cathedral ceiling for installing the fan, this would hamper the downdraft that cools you, as well as the updraft that redistributes heat around the room.
A ceiling fan that sits too high above the floor is not effective. By the time the downdraft reaches you (if it does at all), it is so insignificant that it has no cooling abilities.
The wind chill fact relies on the speed of air blowing past you. Since ceiling fans cool you and not the room, if you are too far from the blades, the airflow loses most of its power before it reaches the occupied space, and you will experience little benefit from the fan in your vaulted/cathedral ceiling.
This is why extender rods are available—to cater to larger distances between your ceiling and floor. The closer the fan is to sitting within 8-9’ of the floor, the more effective it can function to cool you.
Similarly, the updraft and circulation of air in the winter mode has a limited reach. It will likely prove even less effective than the summer mode since the air movements are slower and less concentrated.
Will the fan still move warmer air down from the ceiling? Yes, but the natural process that causes warm air to rise will overpower the artificial force of the ceiling fan. This means that because of the ceiling height, the distance that the warm air is displaced won’t be long enough to ever reach you before it is once more naturally rising toward the roof.
What Is Considered Too High for Effectiveness?
As I mentioned earlier, the distance of the ceiling fan from the room’s shell is important. These clearances are the guidelines for getting the most optimal functioning from your fan, which is why I devoted an entire article to the topic of ceiling fan clearances.
When it comes to clearances, there is a range of acceptable distances that contains the optimal margins. If your ceiling is too high, but is just this side of the effective/not effective line, you can follow the typical rules for ceiling fan direction.
The trouble arises when your ceiling height puts you significantly beyond the clearances.
Downward Airflow Might Be Best
There is a general understanding within the world of ceiling fans that the summer mode is most effective and the reason we generally purchase the appliance. A ceiling fan on winter mode is most helpful when working with a heater or the HVAC system. Otherwise, its effect will hardly be noticeable.
If you want the most from your fan with a very high vaulted/cathedral ceiling, then keeping it on summer mode (air blowing downward) may be your best chance.
In summer, you will be circulating the air. This circulation helps reduce the air’s stillness, or staleness, that contributes to your perception of heat.
In winter, we are looking at a “prevention over cure” approach. With the downdraft of the summer mode, you might be able to prevent hot air from rising all the way to the top of the high ceiling with the downward airflow.
This could, essentially, “lower the ceiling”. This will keep the warmth in the room closer to you, which may make a difference; however, this will only be in effect in the area directly below the fan and still relies on external heat sources to be effective at warming you up.
Improve Chance of Effectiveness with Larger Fan
Larger fans typically have larger blades. This means that there is more surface area working to move the air, making the fan more effective for the extra room created by the higher ceiling.
Your fan will still need to fit in with wall clearances and the other clearances as far as possible to perform with any effectiveness. However, with a larger and more powerful fan, you have a better chance of combating the difficulties of a vaulted/cathedral ceiling.
In the summer, the more powerful fan will reasonably have a more powerful downdraft that can potentially reach you better. If the downdraft can reach you, you can benefit from wind chill.
In winter, the bigger, stronger fan has more potential for overpowering the natural process of rising air and forcing warm air further down into your space, where you have the chance to benefit from it.
What if the Fan Needs to Sit on the Sloped Part?
Ceiling fans can still be installed on sloped ceilings. You just need a special adapter that can accommodate the angle and a long-enough downrod to prevent the blades from scraping on the lower part of the slope. | <urn:uuid:901b536d-1dd1-4354-89d1-06af63b53906> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hvac-buzz.com/ceiling-fan-direction-vaulted-cathedral-ceilings/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.934678 | 1,475 | 2.25 | 2 |
Common Wi-Fi Problems
In our daily lives, internet has a crucial involvement for our work or personal usages.
We sometimes face the connectivity Issues, and it can be frustrating to not being able to connect to the internet when you are in urgent need, especially for your work.
We will be sharing some of common Wi-Fi problem we face in our daily life and how to solve it by ourselves before getting any help.
Common Wi-Fi problems
1. Connected to Wi-Fi, but no internet
If you are facing slow or no internet access after connected to Wi-Fi, try restart your modem & router and test the connection again.
Try to connect with the Ethernet cable directly to router to test out too. If the problem persists with cable connection as well, call your ISP (Internet Service Provider) to check on the issue.
Additional steps: You can isolate the cause of problem by trying to connect to a different network such as your Mobile hotspot. If you are able to connect to your mobile hotspot and access internet, the problem resides at the internet / modem or router device.
2. Connection available, but not able to connect
When this happens, the very first thing you might want check is to know if you are the only one with the issue. If this only happened to your device – Turn your Wi-Fi Off on your device and turn back on and connect again.
If that doesn't work, there are a few things you can do:
i) Restart your laptop / mobile phone device, then try to connect again
ii) Forget the Wi-Fi connection, then re-add and connect again
3. A recent update broke Wi-Fi
If you realised that you are having problem connecting to internet after having latest Windows update, it is because Windows 10 updates in early 2020 had bugs that stopped some users from connecting to their Wi-Fi networks.
When this happens, it's best to wait for a patch that fixes the problem. In the meantime, remove the update and restore back your system to an earlier version to help get your connectivity back. Kindly contact us at our hotline 6295 5962 or drop us an email at firstname.lastname@example.org should you require support assistance. | <urn:uuid:8b6cbac6-c6a7-480a-b8d9-2346f5607ce8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://achievement.com.sg/view_blog.php?bgid=58 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.93201 | 467 | 1.734375 | 2 |
The first version was focused on getting all of the mechanics of loading rhino3dm.js in place and converting some important types like BREPs, Meshes, Extrusions, Points, Point Clouds, Curves, Dots, and Lights. Blocks are also supported, but do not take advantage of instancing (yet). There is also basic material support.
In the next version there should be support for more complete materials, textures, and a revision of the object conversion.
The easiest way to try this is to point your browser at the three.js editor and go to File->Import and select a Rhino file. If the Rhino file has no lights, I recommend you add a Directional Light in the three.js editor (Add->Directional Light).
However - I would recommend to change the demo a little bit: The points of the point cloud / control points appear as (ugly) black squares. It would most likely look better if those were displayed as little spheres instead (and not black, but maybe yellow, blue, red, grey for example).
Is there some documentation or can you point me to the code where I can find what types of curves should already supported?
EDIT @Luis I fount this code , but I’m not sure if I an make sense of it.
Further test makes it appear as if the curves are not rendered.
I exploded 1 curve as a test, and that does show up, bot I found that some curve object are selectable but not visible. Maybe due to the 100 point limit?
for some reason, I am not getting the Breps. Any thoughts?
I simply made 3 files, one with a standard box (extrusion), one where I transformed the box into a mesh, and one with one polysurface and one surface inside.
I was trying to create the files too fast, so I actually have not switched to the shaded mode. I have another important question. If I add Custom User Data to my Rhino Objects, could I get that data somehow to three.js over the 3dmloader? If it is possible, would I have to expand/customize the 3dmloader? And if yes, where would that code go?
@mkarimi What else would be useful to capture? The warning says most of what we know: the object type is an Extrusion, and that there is no mesh associated with it. This means it was either created in Rhino, but never got a render mesh, or it was created by some other scripted method which didn’t bother to generate a render mesh. This warning is thrown here: three.js/3DMLoader.js at dev · mrdoob/three.js · GitHub
I understand that @fraguada . I think the warning message are clear too. I was just proposing to add an onWarn() function to 3DMLoader.parse() to make retrieving these warnings easier. .parse ( buffer : ArrayBuffer, onLoad : Function, onProgress : Function, onError : Function , onWarn : Function)
The reason I’m asking this is that I like to show these warnings on the UI and without such a utility I have to hijack the console.warn() to retrieve these warnings.
Hi @fraguada I am getting the error you mention due to missing render meshes…
THREE.3DMLoader: ObjectType_Brep has no associated mesh geometry.
Here is the salient code for how the breps are created…
public static Brep StepToBrep(byte file)
// import the step file to a new 3dm document
RhinoDoc doc = RhinoDoc.CreateHeadless(null);
// extract breps
var rhinoObjs = doc.Objects.FindByObjectType(ObjectType.Brep);
var breps = new List<Brep>();
foreach (var item in rhinoObjs)
var brep = (Brep)item.Geometry;
brep.EnsurePrivateCopy(); // decouples the brep from the document object which otherwise can cause it to fail to serialize to json
// return breps
Do you know if it is possible to obtain render meshes for them given this code is running in a Compute instance? | <urn:uuid:d76edcfa-4cd1-47a3-8583-7419067a5c9d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://discourse.mcneel.com/t/3dmloader-for-three-js/107702 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.903177 | 974 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Learn How To Control Diabetes Naturally Without Complications!!!...
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Just last year, our team of health educators helped over 43,542 type 2 diabetics gain control of their blood sugar levels and hormone sensitivity, and allowed many of them to be taken off prescription drugs and stop blood sugar monitoring. This year we are on track to help over 100,000 diabetics achieve "the impossible".
The diabetes breakthrough you are about to discover on this page is twice as effective as the leading diabetes drug, at normalizing blood sugar. Studies also show how patients are able to fix hormone resistance, reduce neuropathy pain, prevent blindness, amputations and other diabetes problems. These techniques have been used successfully by tens of thousands of people in over 66 countries allowing them to lower their need for drugs and injections.
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Countless studies from scientists and doctors all over the world have proven that people with diabetes can normalize blood sugar, increase hormone sensitivity, end neuropathy pain, lower risk of blindness, amputations and be taken off all diabetes drugs and hormone injections.
The cold hard truth:
By living with diabetes and by taking your prescribed medication, you are under the constant daily threat of dying of a heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, succumbing to blindness, amputations, neuropathy, hypertension, nerve system disease, high cholesterol, depression, and falling into a coma. Those are just the side-effects of living with diabetes.
Now lets add the side-effects from the drugs that are supposed to "help" you; hepatitis, liver problems, acidosis leading to death within hours, heart attacks, stroke, increased risk of cancer, weakened immune system, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, heart failure, etc.
If you think it will ever get better, it won't.
It has been scientifically proven that simply treating diabetes with conventional methods does not stop the disease. Over time, diabetics are prescribed higher and higher dosages of drugs. Then when those fail, they get prescribed hormone injections on top of drugs. It doesn't matter if you follow your doctors recommendations and dosages exactly as prescribed. This isn't a question of IF, but WHEN. Your health will get worse. The drugs you take will fail. The injections you take will also fail.
If you have diabetes, you simply cannot continue this way - sooner rather than later you WILL die; either from diabetes, its complications, or side-effects from the drugs you take. And it won't be quietly in your sleep either. Getting rushed to the hospital while the paramedics break all of your ribs giving you CPR will be hell on earth.
Spending your last moments with tubes and pumps and ventilators in unbearable agony, you will wish you did something sooner.
If you are OK with slowly losing your vision and then going blind as diabetes destroys the blood vessels in your eyes causing them to wither and die, if you're perfectly fine with dying 9 years earlier, possibly not waking up tomorrow, dropping dead at any moment or having your legs amputated. If you are OK with not seeing your kids or grandkids grow up, then please, close this page and go back to what you were doing.
If on the other hand you're tired of the constant blood sugar readings, the tedious drug reigmens, constantly worrying about the health problems waiting for you in a few years. If you are tired of being lied to and are ready to finally learn the truth about this disease and find out how tens of thousands of diabetics completely reversed their diabetes, normalized their blood sugar and were taken off all drugs and injections, then read on.
The Root Cause of Diabetes:
It might be hard to believe, but when you prick your finger with a meter and see a blood sugar reading of let's say 250, it's NOT because you have diabetes! Some people can walk around with blood sugar as high as 300 without having diabetes. How is this possible? It all comes down to a single word: INFLAMMATION.
Ever wondered why diabetics have such high rates of heart disease, heart attacks, cancer, high cholesterol, blindness, arthritis, and neuropathy? Inflammation.
Just recently; February 2015, Scientists and researchers at the University of California San Diego proved that diabetes is caused by inflammation: they discovered that an inflammatory molecule called LTB4 causes hormone resistance. And what does hormone resistance lead to? high blood sugar and diabetes.
This is the reason why treating your blood sugar with drugs and injecting to combat hormone sensitivity will never heal your diabetes; because you aren't treating the root cause of diabetes, just the symptoms of it
Drugs Treat Symptoms, Not Disease
If we treat the symptoms of a condition, rather than the causes of the condition, we can be stuck treating them forever. Wouldn’t it be wiser to treat the causes of diabetes rather than the symptoms? The groundbreaking information you will receive targets the causes of diabetes, which is why people see results so quickly, get off their medication, and end the need for hormone.
Let's compare how we treat diabetes to how we treat the cold or flu. What are the symptoms of the flu? Fever and congestion. What is the cause of the flu itself? A virus. If we treat the symptoms of the flu - bring down fever, take some decongestants, will that cure the flu? No. It will make you feel better, but it will not in any way make the flu better because we haven't actually treated the flu itself. We simply treated the SYMPTOMS. You are still sick with the flu, but now you feel a bit better.
Or another example. Let's say you broke your leg. What are the symptoms? Bleeding and lots of pain. If you take pain killers and wrap your leg in a bandage to stop the bleeding, have you fixed your broken leg? No, you simply treated the symptoms. You still have a problem - the broken leg.
So how does this compare to diabetes? Exactly the same. What are the symptoms of diabetes? High blood sugar and hormone resistance. What do doctors prescribe? Pills to lower blood sugar and injection to help with hormone resistance. Have you actually done anything to treat diabetes itself? No. You have simply treated the SYMPTOMS of it. So again, you are still sick, you still have a problem, but now you feel a little better
When you get sick, your body shows symptoms. Shouldn't you treat the underlying disease and not the symptoms?
Imagine a car. Something is wrong in the engine. A red warning light turns on - a symptom of a faulty engine. What would you do? Treat the red warning light or the actual engine?
Modern medical and pharmaceutical industry treats the red warning light.
This is exactly what you do every single day by taking diabetes drugs - you aren't treating diabetes, you are treating the red warning lights - high blood sugar and hormone resistance.
This is preciesly why no prescription drug or injection has ever prevented, stopped or reversed diabetes - and yet they are the only things doctors prescribe. Compared to natural nutrition based treatments that actually HAVE prevented and totally reversed diabetes, doctors still only prescribe completely useless and very dangerous drugs.
The big question you have to ask is Why?
Why are doctors prescribing something that has proven to NOT work?
Now imagine if you knew the truth
Imagine if you began using methods that have been verified and proven to work. Imagine if you had access to all of this medical research and the exact methods thousands of diabetics used to become completely healed.
No more needles
No more expensive and dangerous diabetes medications
No more finger pricking or test strips
No more trips to the doctor for disappointing test after disappointing test
No more frustration and embarrassment
Would you use this information to help yourself, your kids, relatives, family and friends? Read on because you're about to receive it
Introducing to you...
DIABETES PERMANENT NATURAL SOLUTION
A complete, easy to use 6 WEEKS Program for treating diabetes. The system include 2 specially formulated components that works in harmony with your body to achieve rapid results.
You don't have to accept poor health, as it is in your power to change how you live. The painful effects of high blood sugar are real. But so is the solutions Don’t resign yourself to living with diabetes. Addressing your diabetes problem now can help avoid complications.
PS: This therapy will also give you healthy cholesterol levels and lower blood pressure naturally. So, not only will you rid off your excess blood sugar, you’ll drop the risk of heart disease and stroke as well which can help you SAVE more money & even your life because untreated or poor diabetes treatment can lead to neuropathic and retinopathic complications. In severe cases it can lead to death | <urn:uuid:29845c3c-9090-42ef-8d13-37810081e08d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://organicmila.blogspot.com/p/discover-natural-solution-to-reverse.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.937067 | 1,869 | 1.796875 | 2 |
THE SCIENCE OF BRAINJO
Do you like to nerd out on brain science? Then you’ve come to the right place!
The goal at Brainjo is to use neuroscience to help people lead richer and fuller lives. So here we’ll talk a bit about the science of Brainjo, and point you to some places where you can dig deeper.
CORE SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS
There are 2 scientific concepts that are core to Brainjo, the Brainjo Method of instruction, and the mission of The Brainjo Academy.
Core Concept #1
The first core concept is that understanding and integrating the science of how the brain changes (i.e. neuroplasticity) into the learning process can significantly improve how effectively and efficiently we learn anything, including how to play music.
Core Concept #2
The second core concept is that the significant reduction in stimulation of plastic reorganization in the brain over the typical adult life is the primary driver of age-related cognitive decline and dementia. Likewise, continuing to stimulate plastic reorganization through the continuous acquisition of complex skills and knowledge maintains the brain in a youthful state, protecting against age-related cognitive decline and dementia – referred to here as “Demand Driven Restoration & Enhancement.”
CORE CONCEPT #1: The Science of Neuroplasticity & The Brainjo Method
There’s a widely held belief that some people are musical and some are not. And if you’re one of the musical people, then you can learn to play music. If you aren’t, then you cannot.
So if you’ve tried to learn music before and failed, it’s your fault.
This is absolutely false.
First, humans are a musical species. Saying that some humans are musical and some are not is like saying that some songbirds are born to sing and some are not. We all have the capacity to make beautiful music, if we choose to develop it.
“We all have the capacity to make beautiful music, if we choose to develop it.”
That said, learning of any kind – whether it’s memorizing state capitals (a dubious use of time), learning trigonometry, or learning how to play a musical instrument – requires changing your brain. And every brain is capable of making the kind of changes required to play music well, at any age.
Our success in learning is not determined by talent or aptitude, but by the path we take in learning. Because it’s our learning path that shapes how our brain changes. Put another way, our success is determined not by the brain we have, but by the brain we build, through practice.
Failures of learning aren’t failures of aptitude, but failures of process. If you’ve tried learning music before and weren’t successful, it’s because you didn’t follow a learning path that led where you wanted to go (and the goal of The Brainjo Method is to provide you the optimal path).
So if you’ve ever dreamed of learning a musical instrument, then you shouldn’t let anything or anyone (including that annoying voice inside your head!) stop you from pursuing that dream. And if you’ve tried before and weren’t successful, it does NOT mean that you aren’t musical.
“Success is not determined by the brain you have, but by the brain you build, through practice.”
The Theoretical & The Empirical
As stated, our success in learning music is driven by how well we utilize our brain’s ability to change itself. By understanding and applying the science of neuroplasticity, then, we can significantly increase the effectiveness of our learning process.
For this reason, the science of neuroplasticity is one of the primary sources of knowledge for The Brainjo Method of instruction. With this theoretically-driven approach, we are applying scientific principles that have been discovered about the brain to enhance the learning process.
The other primary source of knowledge about how to practice and learn more effectively are the people who’ve done just that. Once you realize that learning to play music well is about how you practice, it becomes readily apparent that the experts are a treasure-trove of information – not as sources of instruction per se (experts often have a very hard time teaching people how to do what they do), but as objects of study.
Specifically, in this empirically-driven approach, we study how experts practiced, or how they developed their expertise.
By combining this theoretically and empirically-driven approach, and by paying special attention to where these areas intersect, we can build a set of maxims for how to optimize the learning process, and integrate those into a system of instruction (The Brainjo Method).
More on Plasticity-Based Instruction & The Brainjo Method
BOOK: The Laws of Brainjo
“The Laws of Brainjo: The Art & Science of Molding A Musical Mind.” reveals the principles of learning and neuroplasticity that are integrated into the Brainjo Method of instruction.
CORE CONCEPT #2: Demand-Driven Restoration & Enhancement
A large and growing body of evidence indicates that the growth, repair, and restoration of brain tissue is directly coupled to the demands placed upon them. And this phenomenon of “demand coupling” appears to be a major driver, if not THE major driver, of age-related cognitive decline and dementia (including the major form of Alzheimer’s disease).
According to this model, brains don’t tend to deteriorate as we get older because of “aging,” but because our adults lives become increasingly less cognitively challenging over time, especially when compared to the cognitive demands of early life. Thus, increasing the amount of cognitive challenge can not only protect the brain from deterioration over time, but can restore it to a more youthful state and function. We refer to this phenomenon as Demand-Driven Restoration and Enhancement.
Furthermore, in the absence a sufficient level of cognitive challenge, supporting repair and restoration mechanisms through supplementation, dietary changes, or pharmaceuticals will have little to no impact on brain health and function, which would explain why hundreds of candidate compounds have failed to yield meaningful results in clinical trials for cognitive impairment and dementia.
“Increasing the amount of cognitive challenge can not only protect the brain from deterioration with age, it can restore it to a more youthful state.”
If our goal is widespread protection and restoration of brain tissue, then the ideal activities for providing this sort of challenge are ones that stimulate plastic reorganization across the cerebral cortex (“whole brain workouts”) – activities that are analogous to the challenge provided by the childhood neuro-developmental program. And there is no better activity for stimulating plasticity across the whole brain than learning a musical instrument (along with dance and skill sports). Plus, learning to play an instrument has the added benefit of being loads of fun!
The Autopilot and Plasticity Indices
One of several reasons why our adult lives tend to be less cognitively challenging is because adults have typically mastered the skills needed to live independently. That includes the three most complex cognitive functions most humans ever learn – walking, talking, and socializing – as well as the knowledge and skills needed to perform familial, occupational and societal roles.
As a result, it becomes increasingly easy to successfully navigate through adult life on “autopilot,” relying on mature neural networks that mediate “automatic” behaviors, while the acquisition of new complex skills and knowledge becomes increasingly unnecessary.
Yet, as stated, the health of our brain appears directly correlated to proportion of time spent we spend cognitive challenging activities, which is reflected neurophysiologically in the amount of plastic reorganization that occurs in response to our daily experience. Likewise, the health of the brain is inversely correlated to the proportion of time we spend on “autopilot.”
“The health of the brain is inversely correlated to the proportion of time we spend on ‘autopilot’.”
We may refer to the proportion of each day spent relying on mature, automated neural networks as our “Autopilot Index,” and the proportion of each day stimulating brain change as our “Plasticity Index.” The greater our Plasticity Index, the greater the amount of growth, restoration, and repair that occurs in the brain (provided we eat and live in a manner that facilitates those growth and restoration mechanisms).
Both the amount of time spent engaging in cognitively challenging activities, and the amount of cortical tissue engaged by those activities, will increase the Plasticity Index.
More on Demand-Driven Restoration & Enhancement
“Reclaiming Youth: The Best ‘Brain Games’ for Brain Protection & Performance
Dr. Turknett, founder of Brainjo, reviews Demand-Driven Decline Theory as a guest lecturer at the Institute for Human & Machine Cognition (IHMC).
Intelligence Unshackled: Interview with Dr. Michael Merzenich
In this interview from the Intelligence Unshackled podcast, Dr. Michael Merzenich discusses his pioneering work in the field of neuroplasticity, including his ground-breaking research demonstrating the connection between plasticity and brain restoration.
Ok, now it’s time to apply the science!
Click below to start growing, protecting, and restoring your grain with neuroscience-based musical instruction: | <urn:uuid:dd915e63-245c-4f64-a475-71c363697234> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.brainjo.academy/the-science-of-brainjo/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.933226 | 1,977 | 3.28125 | 3 |
HCTC awarded $300,000 to assist students’ success
Students at Hazard Community and Technical College will see enhanced benefits through new Student Success Centers, thanks to $300,000 awarded by the Kentucky Community and Technical College System (KCTCS). HCTC’s proposed student success centers project is one of three winners of the KCTCS Entrepreneurial/Innovation Initiative for the Non-Traditional Students Challenge. These centers will focus on non-traditional students and will provide connections to internal and external resources that will assist in their success. Many external partners will help HCTC students with non-academic barriers such as childcare, SNAP benefits, mental health counseling, food insecurities and more.
The money awarded, in part, will pay for one new Success Coach position at each of three campus locations – Hazard, Technical, and Lees College Campus. Those hired will have three major goals: recruitment, increase the number of GED graduates who enroll at HCTC, and improve retention rates of those already enrolled.
HCTC President Dr. Jennifer Lindon gives high marks to the team that created the proposal. “KCTCS obviously agreed that the plan was ideal for helping students and I’m very proud to see our college as one of only three awardees,” she said. This is the second time HCTC has received a KCTCS Entrepreneurial/Innovation Initiative for Non-Traditional Students Award. The first award launched the Tuesday Night Live program, which has proven to be very successful in meeting the needs of students. “Instead of saying to a student, ‘This is the number of the state government office to contact for assistance,’ we are going to invite our resource partners to our campus, to make access easier,” Dr. Lindon explained. Resource Provider Fairs will be scheduled twice a year. “We find that there are students who think they can’t go to college; our aim is to help them overcome barriers so they can be successful college students,” Lindon stated. | <urn:uuid:ead6b0e4-65ad-403c-af34-e2182f3d07b4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hazard.kctcs.edu/news/news-archive/old-articles/hctc-awarded-dollars-for-success-centers.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.963223 | 430 | 1.6875 | 2 |
"I don't know much about tech, but I do know that these pioneer women are pretty dope. Geek Girl Rising gives a much needed voice to the fearless women paving an important path in the tech world, while forming a lasting sisterhood along the way." –Kelly Ripa
This program is read by the author, Heather Cabot. Meet the women who haven't asked for permission from Silicon Valley to chase their dreams. They are going for it—building the next generation of tech start-ups, investing in each other's ventures, crushing male hacker stereotypes and rallying the next generation of women in tech. Geek Girl Rising isn't about the famous tech trailblazers you already know, like Sheryl Sandberg and Marissa Mayer. Instead, veteran journalists Heather Cabot and Samantha Walravens introduce listeners to the fearless female entrepreneurs and technologists fighting at the grassroots level for an ownership stake in the revolution that's changing the way we live, work and connect to each other. Listeners will meet Debbie Sterling, inventor of GoldieBlox, the first engineering toy for girls, which topples the notion that only boys can build. They'll get a peek inside YouTube sensation Michelle Phan's ipsy studios, where she is grooming the next generation of digital video stars while leading her own mega e-commerce beauty business. They will sit down with Tracy Chou, former lead software developer at Pinterest, whose public urging in 2013 helped push Silicon Valley tech giants to reveal the tiny number of women in their ranks, propelling the "women in tech" conversation to front pages. They will tour the headquarters of The Muse, the hottest career site for millennials and meet its intrepid CEO, Kathryn Minshew, who stared down sexism while raising millions of dollars to fund the company she co-founded. And they will journey around the country to meet a new crop of female investors, including Theresia Gouw and Kathryn Finney, who are infusing women-led tech start-ups with much needed capital. These women are the rebels proving that a female point of view matters in the age of technology and can rock big returns. At a time when women hold 26% of computing jobs in the U.S. and make up a tiny fraction of the entrepreneurs launching new tech companies, these stories shine a light on new role models who prove that in the fast-moving innovation economy, there is a place for anyone who has a big idea and the passion to build it. | <urn:uuid:45f6702c-d305-464d-b96f-0c2610397fa9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://duke.overdrive.com/media/3255094 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.947673 | 502 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Voices of young people at EU level
Young people play a vital role in their communities. They are eager to participate and contribute to the future of their societies at large. It is crucial to hear, encourage, support and prepare them to fulfil this commitment at national and European levels.
One of the common priorities of the French Red Cross for the French Presidency of the Council of the EU was to strengthen the engagement and mobility of young people in the European debate.
Over the last six months, the French Red Cross supported a group of Young Ambassadors to participate in and contribute to discussions taking place in context of the French EU Presidency. We interviewed one of these Ambassadors: Elise Monceau – a volunteer manager who started volunteering with the French Red Cross in Lille one and half years ago.
Why did you join the French Red Cross Youth Ambassador Group?
I chose to participate in this group because I believe it is a good opportunity to bring the voices of young people to the European level and contribute to the French Council Presidency. But also, it allows me to highlight the actions and positions of the Red Cross on key issues and raise awareness among young people.
As I mainly have field experience, I was not very familiar with this type of activity. It was an interesting way to discover other types of commitment within the Red Cross, but also to share my experience and the lessons I have learned in a different context and develop leadership skills.
Who is part of this group?
We come from all over France and have a wide variety of profiles which reflect the different kinds of roles played by young people in the organisation. For example, Célia is a volunteer in the foodaid sector in Lille, while Hannah and Odair are European Solidarity Corps volunteers in Bordeaux, and Manon and Lisa are students at the Regional Health and Social Training Institute of the French Red Cross.
What kind of activities does the team organise in the framework of the French EU Presidency?
We have participated in a lot of different activities and events, such as conferences and seminars, as attendees, facilitators and organisers. These events were an opportunity to share our point of view on a variety of topics and to reflect on future projects. For example, we participated in the European conference “Generations inclusive et solidaire”, a cooperation project supported by the Eramus+ programme and sponsored by the French Presidency that brought together 41 young people from 15 countries on the theme of climate change. We also attended conferences held during the Africa-Europe Week and held several meetings with representatives from the European Commission, European Parliament and the French Permanent Representation to the EU. Finally, we developed and pedagogical project for high schools to raise awareness about the European institutions, the French Permanent Representation to the EU and the role of the Red Cross.
What are your views and hopes for the future?
One of our hopes is to increase awareness about ecology and to take serious actions to avoid the catastrophe that awaits us if we do nothing. Secondly, I have seen in the field how important is to simplify the legislation that affects refugees. Also, I would like the EU to engage more in advocacy with third and neighbouring countries to ensure displaced people are treated with dignity.
Finally, being a Youth Ambassador has been a great opportunity to learn about EU matters and to contribute to volunteer engagement on a European scale, while maintaining my commitments at the local level. It would be fantastic to extend this opportunity to other young people.
What message would you like to share with European citizens?
From the French Red Cross’ perspective, we have four priorities:
1) Increased mobility for young Europeans mobility and creating opportunities for them to express themselves, and get involved, but also to receive training and information to better know their rights.
2) A strengthened social and solidarity economy as a sustainable model in Europe, which recognises the important role played by not-for-profit organisations.
3) Stepping up the fight against homelessness by reinforcing social welfare systems, ensuring unconditional assistance and reception and guaranteeing the right to housing.
4) Enhance prevention, protection and recovery activities to deal with growing crises, be they linked to the climate or other humanitarian emergencies.
European citizens can support these priorities through everyday actions that can make a difference at a larger scale, or by becoming a volunteer with the Red Cross in their community.
This year is the European Year of Youth, what would you like to ask the EU?
From my point of view, the knowledge that citizens, especially young people, have about the EU institutions, their functioning and their impact needs to be improved. I grew up in a rural environment and European considerations seemed very far away, as did the opportunities of mobility offered to young Europeans.
My question would be: how can the EU make itself more accessible to young Europeans? How can the reach of this information be improved so that mobility schemes are known and accessible to all, regardless of the young person’s origin or context? It's a big concern for me, and something that I think is essential to guarantee the inclusiveness of all young Europeans.
For media inquiries, please contact Eva Oyón on: firstname.lastname@example.org or +32 2 235 09 22 | <urn:uuid:9b2b5508-90c2-42d5-a24b-39a63db68d9a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://redcross.eu/latest-news/voices-of-young-people-at-eu-level | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.95673 | 1,072 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Want to download this file? Submit a request here. The info you provide helps to support our scientific collections.
Scientific Name: Eunectes murinus
Collection Date: 10 Sep-15 Oct 1961
Locality: Peru: Colonia Calleria, Rio Calleria, 15 km. from Ucayali.
Collector Name: B. Malkin
Notes: This snake’s more than 100 razor sharp teeth aren’t used for chewing; instead, the backward-curved teeth help it keep a grip on its prey while the snake coils its body around—and suffocates—its meal.
The California Academy of Sciences is a museum and research institution in San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park. Our mission: to explore, explain, and sustain life on Earth. | <urn:uuid:b2ea6476-ab73-4e49-a7cd-7e60c6bc7924> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/green-anaconda-cas-93200-8b4885aeb2c2463c8629ad7b162a9b7d | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.815413 | 166 | 3 | 3 |
- The world's best-selling pocket medical handbook - the only choice for medical students and junior doctors
- Offers up-to-date and practical clinical advice that can be implemented at the bedside
- Clearly indexed, with colour-coded tabs and ribbons to help you navigate and find the information you need, fast
- Features over 600 colour illustrations and clinical photographs to aid diagnosis and understanding
- Offers a unique approach, bringing art, philosophy, history and over 25 years' of experience to the practice of medicine
New to this Edition:
- Complete rewriting of the chapters on History and Examination; Radiology; Neurology; Surgery; Thinking About Medicine (now includes Essentials of Epidemiology)
- More white space, less dense overall appearance (more extensive use of quick-reference bullet point lists, numbered lists, and flow diagrams)
- References are now all in the book, and have been significantly reduced to ensure that only the best quality and most relevant resources are signposted to readers
- In the tradition of bringing fresh voices to each edition, the author team has two new senior and three new junior authors with their own unique visions for the book, as well as their own experience of publishing and teaching medical students
Now in its tenth edition, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine has been fully revised, with five new authors on the writing team bringing content fresh from the bedside.
Space has been breathed into the design, with more core material at your fingertips in quick-reference lists and flow diagrams, and key references have been honed to the most up-to-date and relevant. Each page has been updated to reflect the latest changes in practice and best management, and the chapters on gastroenterology, history and examination, infectious disease, neurology, and radiology have been extensively revised.
Unique among medical texts, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine is a complete and concise guide to the core areas of medicine that also encourages thinking about the world from the patient's perspective, offering a holistic, patient-centred approach.
Loved and trusted by millions for over three decades, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine continues to be a truly indispensable companion for the practice of modern medicine.
1: Thinking about medicine
2: History and examination
3: Cardiovascular medicine
4: Chest medicine
7: Renal medicine
9: Infectious diseases
11: Oncology and palliative care
14: Clinical chemistry
15: Eponymous syndromes
17: Reference intervals, etc.
18: Practical procedures
Ian Wilkinson, Professor of Therapeutics, University of Cambridge, and Honorary Consultant Physician, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK, Tim Raine, Clinical Fellow and Honorary Registrar, Gastroenterology and General Medicine, Wellcome Trust and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK, Kate Wiles, SpR Obstetric Physician, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital Imperial NHS Trust, London, UK, Anna Goodhart, CMT, Manchester, UK, Catriona Hall, GP Trainee, London, UK, and Harriet O'Neill, Dermatology Teaching Fellow, Derby, UK
Ian Wilkinson is Professor of Therapeutics at the University of Cambridge and an Honorary Consultant Physician at Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
Tim Raine is Clinical Fellow and Honorary Registrar in Gastroenterology and General Medicine at the Wellcome Trust and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambidge, UK.
Kate Wiles is SpR Obstetric Physician at Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital Imperial NHS Trust, London, UK.
Reviews and Awards
"Review from previous edition The bees' knees of medicine. . . A brilliant all-round book." - The Student Room
"Incredibly helpful in almost all situations, information well laid out and easy to find, engaging to read ... useful asides to aid memorisation, essential algorithms/reference intervals helpfully situated on front and back inside covers; a generally excellent and clearly very well-thought-out book." - Tom Dalton, University of Birmingham, UK
"I very much appreciated the very human and caring aspect it brings to clinical medicine, it's lovely to have the dry, biomedical material broken up with humorous, motivational and touching stories." - Sam Siljee, University of Otago, New Zealand
"THE best book that a medical student could ever use. Everything is so easy to find, and is just enough depth for me!" - Alexander Wibberley, 3rd year medical student, University of Leeds
"Like many other students I use the book as a quick reference/recall and revision tool, and for that it is (for lack of a better word) perfect. Every medical student in their clinical years should own one of these, and I think most of them already do! If you dont you are missing out." - Paddy Green, almostadoctor.co.uk | <urn:uuid:ff16cfdd-fe6d-4721-9288-1a59e338d320> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://axon.es/ficha/libros/9780199689903/oxford-handbook-of-clinical-medicine | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.899336 | 1,076 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Posted: 05 Feb 2022 04:06 AM PST
In the Spring of 1803, an unknown ‘boat’ appears on a Tokagawa shogunate, Japan beach. The transparent object contained an unusual woman, described has having red hair and a pink face.
The David Eckhart ordeal and investigation included images of alien symbols that the experiencer had witnessed and written down. In some instances, alien craft observed by witnesses supposedly have unknown symbols marked on the exteriors. There are petroglyphs and hieroglyphics incorporated in ancient art and text, some that show unknown symbols. Are these human-inspired or was it the result of extraterrestrial intervention? Possibly the first written account referencing non-terrestrial symbols is a story in Japanese folklore. Below are two similar but separate texts of the encounter.
Utsuro-bune no Banjyo (A Foreign Woman in the Hollow Boat):
The story takes place in the spring of 1803. Offshore from a beach called Hara-yadori in the territory of Ogasawara Etchuu-no-kami (4000 koku’), who occupied a position named “Yoriai-seki” of Tokagawa shogunate at that time, a kind of boat was observed from the beach. People approached this boat using their small boats and eventually caught it. They towed it to the beach.
The boat was round and resembled a kind of kou-hako (a box used to burn incense). Its diameter was more than 3 ken (5.45 in). On the upper part of the boat, there were glass-fitted shoji (windows with lattice) and they were shielded by chan (a kind of waterproofed putty made from pine-tree gum). The bottom of this ship was reinforced by separated iron plates. This structure may protect the boat from destruction by sunken rocks. Since the glass-fitted shoji was transparent, the people could see the inside the boat, where they found a woman with strange features. Her hair and eyebrows were red, and her face was pink. It seemed that long white hair was added to her original hair.
This foreign woman held one square box whose size was about two shaku (60 cm) in her hands. It seemed that this box was very important to her because she held this box constantly, and she prohibited anyone from approaching it.
The objects found in this boat were investigated by the people. There was about two shou (3.6 liters) of water in the small bottle. There were two pieces of carpet, cake-like food, and kneaded meat. While people discussed what to do about this boat, the woman observed them peacefully.
An old villager said, “This woman may be a daughter of a king in a foreign country and might have been married in her home country. However, she loved another man after marriage and her lover was put to death. Since she was a princess previously, she could get sympathy and avoid the death penalty. She had been forced to be put in this boat and was left to the sea to be trusted to fate. If this conjecture is correct, her lover’s severed head is inside the square box. In the past, a similar boat with a woman inside drifted ashore in a beach not far from here. In that incident, a severed head placed on a kind of chopping board was found inside the boat. Judging from this kind of secondhand information, the contents of the box may be similar. This may explain why the box is so important to her and she is always holding it in her hands. We may be ordered to use much money to investigate this woman and boat. Since there is a precedent for casting this kind of boat back out to sea, we had better put her inside the boat and send it away. From a humanitarian viewpoint, this treatment is too cruel for her. However, this treatment would be her destiny.
Many foreign characters were found inside this boat. I found similar characters on a British ship that recently arrived offshore from Uraga in Japan. From this observation, that woman may be a British, Bengali, or American princess. No one knows exactly.
Another similar description of the incident was found in Utsuro-bune no Koto (Concerning An Incident of The Hollow Boat):
On March 24, 1803, a strange boat drifted ashore on a beach named Haratono-hama in Hitachi state in Japan. The boat was hollow and its shape was similar to a rice-cooking pot. It had a kind of rimmed-edge at the center-level part of the boat. In the part above this edge, the boat was painted in black and had four small windows on four sides. All shoji (windows with lattice) were shielded by chan (a kind of waterproof putty made from pine-tree gum). The lower part of the boat was reinforced by steel bars. These bars looked to be made of Western-made iron of the highest quality. The height of the boat was one jyou, two shaku (3.64m) and its diameter was one jyou, eight shaku (5.45m).
A woman (or girl) was found inside this boat and her age appeared around twenty. She was about five shaku (1.5m) tall and her skin was white as snow. Her long hair vividly hung on her back. Her facial features were incomparably beautiful. Her clothes were strange and unrecognizable and her language was not understood by anyone. She held a small box in her hands and prohibited anyone from approaching this box.
Was this just a legend or was it inspired by a real event? According to the references, no records of the mysterious incident have been found in official documents in Japan. Hitachi state was not far from the capital Edo (Tokyo) and faced the Pacific Ocean. The beach in this state was very important for national security in the Tokugawa period (1603-1867). Therefore, most parts of eastern border of Hitachi state were occupied by the Mito-Tokugawa family who were the relatives of the Tokugawa (Shogun) family (Kimura 1980). Literature and history scholars find it difficult to believe that an incident involving a strange boat and a woman on a beach in Hitachi state was not been recorded in any official documents of the Tokugawa period. But, then again, a lot has happened in Japan since 1803.
So, what are they (aliens and our ancestors) trying to say? Below are several examples of petroglyphs and hieroglyphs, some are on rocks and some were copied from alien craft. Is there a similarity or connection between the symbols? What’s the chance of ever finding a primer to decipher the markings? Lon
NOTE: As I’ve stated previously, the idea of communicating with non-terrestrials can be a tricky one though, our ancestors probably did to some degree. The Phantoms & Monsters Fortean Research team’s continue contact with the ultraterrestrial ‘Unseen Ones’ and ‘Winged Ones’ has been conducted cautiously. Deciphering some of the clues may very well help us understand what we may be in store for in the future. Lon
Phantoms & Monsters | <urn:uuid:25fb79ce-09af-4116-9a5d-c69d63e5c8de> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://journalnews.com.ph/female-extraterrestrial-inside-unknown-object-appears-in-1803-japan/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.9832 | 1,523 | 3.015625 | 3 |
1. The Opportunity
As the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic became apparent, a number of discussions were initiated with local council service providers. The Council is not able to proactively universally identify signs of physical or mental deterioration among its housing tenants. Currently, the Council relies heavily on weekly telephone calls or scheduled physical visits to vulnerable residents.
Council staff were faced with a number of new challenges which they did not have data to support, highlighting the need to find answers to questions, some of which have been noted below:
- How can we ascertain if vulnerable residents are becoming unwell between visits or calls to residents by the Council?
- Is there a way of alerting a decline in activity that provides an indication of the wellbeing of the vulnerable resident?
- Is there a way to guarantee connectivity for in-home devices used by council services?
- Is there a way to remove the need to plug in or charge in-home devices to make them less dependent on maintenance?
COVID-19 and social distancing requirements have provided challenges in ascertaining potential accidents or declining health of residents. In the worst case scenario, this information is obtained too late which results in severe implications for residents who may decline rapidly.
In order to support council COVID-19 intervention decision-making, data is needed to give some early indication to council officers or carers that a resident may be unwell so that invertensions can be applied rapidly.
It is expected that the data which will be collected by this use case will result in the following positive outcomes:
- Improved response times for unwell residents;
- Increased monitoring of residents without further additional staff resources.
2. How will the solution be delivered?
Based on preliminary soft market testing, a pilot to trial the use of 200 in-home IoT sensors across both the London Borough of Sutton (LBS) and London Borough of Richmond (LBR) has now been commissioned. The trial commenced on 3 February and will take 6 weeks to fully implement, and will run for a period of 12 months to assess and quantify benefits.
In order to meet the needs of the Council, a list of broad requirements have been collated below.
- Essential requirements:
- A means of early warning of vulnerable residents decline
- No need to plug into a power source (owing to residents turning off plugs)
- No charging required (owing to the need to create a charging routine)
- No battery changes needed (owing to the dexterity challenges this presents or the need for in-home visits by suppliers).
- No complex installation required (minimal install by residents themselves so that there is no need for in-home visits by suppliers)
- No physical maintenance required
- Reliable connectivity in any building type
- Scalable connectivity that will be available across all SLP boroughs
- Secure user access with 2-factor authentication as default
- Email and SMS alerting with customisable alerting parameters to enable integration options (e.g with telecare providers)
- Use of Artificial Intelligence to learn and assess significant behaviour pattern changes resulting in “smarter” and more accurate alerting
Additional expectations of solution functionality are highlighted below:
- Functionality to support the rollout of devices to residents and users in a managed approach
- Grouping / allocation of specific residents to users or teams
3. Technical Overview
A small battery powered sensor is sent directly to the resident. The resident or carer places the device in the kitchen (on a shelf or worktop), with no other installation required. The sensor has no visual recording capacity. The sensor monitors multiple environmental conditions and this data is then sent back to the data platform for processing at routine intervals throughout the day.
Once hardware is deployed and installed, the data platform calibrates by mapping data patterns received from the sensor. Over time, the system will learn and increase accuracy of its tracking.
If any atypical behaviour is detected, the system will send an SMS or email alert to the appropriate carer. These notifications may be classified as “warning” (amber) or “severe” (red) alerts, depending on the length of time the system has noted a lack of normal activity.
The following “dashboard” features would be expected in a solution procured for the SLP:
- separate dashboard instances for each borough;
- reporting / alerting summary showing any residents in decline;
- display full chort and have the ability to inspect individual residents’ data.
The following key data considerations should be taken into account:
- The system does not store any personal data when it is not necessary.
- Compliance with GDPR and latest government security guidance is essential.
- Access to the system is secure and all data is secured at all times.
- The vendor should act as the data controller for the software training process and must carry out a Privacy Impact Assessment and also agree a Data Protection Agreement with the councils / services involved.
- Data should be stored for a minimum of 8 years and made available to the Council at the end of the trial period.
- Consent to collect and share data from residents will be obtained – capacity of residents to consent to engage will need to be adhered to under the Mental Capacity Act 2005 to ensure decisions are taken in a resident’s best interest.
- The resident profile for the device is defined by the resident’s ability to maintain activities of daily living.
The sensor data should be accessible in at least three different ways:
- online dashboards
- API (application programming interface)
Regarding the API, the vendor should be asked to provide the following:
- access to all stored data gathered by the sensors (live and historic) via API
- comprehensive API documentation
- serve data in modern JSON structures, allowing each sensor to output multiple data types simultaneously
- enable the ability for 3rd parties to integrate directly with the API – this integration should be facilitated at no additional cost over and above purchase price
- allow for the adaptation of the API to support integration with other systems
4. Expected Benefits
Expected Benefits to Residents:
- This solution could provide greater resilience in the early identification of decline of vulnerable groups which will further protect and support both residents and care workers across the boroughs.
- The successful adoption of this solution will help to mitigate issues in other legacy systems (e.g. where residents do not press existing pendant alarms) which would reduce the risk of failed emergency alerts.
Expected Benefits to Council:
- The early identification of decline will enable early intervention by council officers. This will improve services and reduce pressure on other functions within the Council, specifically supporting a reduction in hospital admissions and further activities which result from the declining health of residents under the care of the Council.
Expected Benefits to South London Partnership:
- Through the trial of NB-IoT we will be able to inform our future procurements based on the evaluation of the solutions proposed connectivity and battery life benefits.
- If expanded to other boroughs, comparisons will be possible as well as shared learnings and insights from SLP data sets.
Learning Opportunities (in alignment with funding requirements):
- Use of NB-IoT connectivity-based sensors
Integration with 3rd party end-to-end solution to extract data
- Use of AI-based technologies
Integration with core SLP IoT data platforms (once established)
- COVID-19 response use case experience
- Data analytics and insights opportunities across the SLP boroughs involved
is to work with our residents and businesses to turn challenges into opportunities for improvement.
If you have some feedback or an idea of how we can improve our services through the use of IoT technology,
we’d love to hear from you. Email Andrew Parsons or Pierre Venter to share your thoughts.
To keep up with our latest articles, events and more, please sign up to our newsletter. | <urn:uuid:0b4cfbd1-6f98-4268-bb47-7e4c537690bf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.innovateproject.org/2021/03/19/auto-draft/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.927922 | 1,656 | 1.828125 | 2 |
NEWYou can now listen to Fox News articles!
Just 36% of the American public describes the nation’s system of government as basically sound, according to a new national poll from Monmouth University.
That’s a drop from the 55% who said the country’s government system was basically sound in a Monmouth poll from February 2020, and down from 44% in a survey conducted a few weeks after the deadly Jan. 6, 2021 storming of the US Capitol.
Thirty-six percent questioned in the new survey, which was conducted June 23-27, say the system of government is not sound at all, up 14 points from early last year.
The decline in faith in the nation’s governing system has accelerated at different rates among Democrats, Republicans, and independents.
CLICK HERE FOR THE LATEST POLLING FROM FOX NEWS
“Among Republicans, the sense that our system of government is sound plummeted from 71% in early 2020 to 41% shortly after President Joe Biden’s inauguration in 2021, and has held fairly steady since then. The decline among independents has been more gradual – from 58% sound in 2020, to 46% in 2021, and 34% in the current poll,” the release from Monmouth noted. “Democrats actually saw a brief increase in faith that the American system is sound from 2020 (34%) to 2021 (45%), but that has now dropped back to 36%.”
FOX NEWS POLL: PRIDE IN US DOWN SIGNIFICANTLY
Monmouth University Polling Institute director Patrick Murray emphasized that “there’s more than just partisanship at work in declining faith in the institutional framework of American democracy. Yes, electoral outcomes play a role. Yes, the current economic crisis plays a role. But attacks on our fundamental democratic processes – and the lack of universal condemnation of those attacks by political leaders from both sides of the aisle – have taken a toll.”
The poll also indicated that the Democratic dominated House select committee investigating the attack on the Capitol — when right wing extremists and other supporters of then-President Donald Trump aimed to derail congressional certification of Biden’s 2020 election victory — has not changed many opinions of what occurred that day. The survey suggests that Republicans are less likely than they were a year ago to describe the violence at the Capitol as either a riot or insurrection.
CLICK HERE FOR THE LATEST FOX NEWS REPORTING ON THE JAN. 6, 2021 ATTACK ON THE US CAPITOL
Overall, nearly two-thirds questioned in the poll, which was conducted prior to sensational testimony from Cassidy Hutchinson, who was an aid to White House Chief of Staff Mark Meadows, said it’s appropriate to call the attack a riot, with half saying it can be described as an insurrection. But those numbers have slipped slightly since early last year.
Four in ten said Trump was directly responsible for the attack, with a quarter saying he encouraged it but wasn’t directly responsible and three in ten saying he did nothing wrong.
Nearly half of Democrats surveyed (45%) said they’ve been following the hearings, but that drops to 16% for independents and just 10% for Republicans.
CLICK HERE TO GET THE FOX NEWS APP
“Some Republicans who were initially appalled have now recalled the events of Jan. 6 in a less negative light. It’s not clear the House committee hearings are having any impact in correcting this view, in large part because Republicans simply aren’t watching,” Murray said.
The Monmouth University poll questioned 978 adults nationwide, with an overall sampling error of plus or minus 3.1 percentage points. | <urn:uuid:72332739-a738-4ee8-b661-b1b621f4919a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://somalymam.org/faith-in-american-system-of-government-nosedives-poll/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.956658 | 754 | 1.742188 | 2 |
A process for lithium-ion batteries that improves conductivity and durability and reduces manufacturing costs could lead to lighter, less expensive batteries, including solid state versions especially relevant for airplanes…and boats.
The ‘One Pot’ process has been developed by Nano One Materials of Vancouver, Canada, who have been working on it since 2011 with the first proof of concept announced in 2013. Since then they have built a pilot plant, been granted multiple international patents and partnered with companies like Volkswagen and Pulead Technology, one of China’s leading lithium-ion battery cathode producers.
Cathode of lithium-ion batteries is the key
‘Cathode producer’ is the key here. There are three main parts to a battery – the electrolyte, anode and cathode. The anode (the negative pole of the battery) and electrolyte (the part the ions flow through from one pole to the other) haven’t changed much in a Li-ion battery since 1991. The anode is carbon based and the electrolyte is a lithium salt dissolved in a liquid or gel. On the other hand the cathode (positive pole) has seen a lot of changes and comes in many variations.
The cathode contains lithium mixed with some other metal or combination of metals and the image above – from an excellent infographic on the Nano One website – illustrates some of them. Two of the most common for lithium ion batteries are Nickel/Manganese/Cobalt (NMC) and Nickel/Cobalt/Aluminum (NCA) while a LiFePo4 battery has a Lithium Iron Phosphate version.
There is no ‘perfect’ combination of chemicals, each has some advantages but also disadvantages. Cobalt, for instance, is not only expensive, but includes ethical issues because of the treatment of miners in places like the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Some cathodes charge quickly but heat up faster than others. Other combinations develop dendrites, stalactites of microscopic needles that can cause all kinds of problems over time.
As we wrote last week, Samsung is one company working on the dendrite issue, but their research is limited to one kind of chemistry in the cathode. The Nano One difference is that it can improve the performance – and lower the manufacturing costs – for all kinds of cathode chemical combinations.
Nano One process coats individual crystals
One of the current methods for addressing some cathode deficiencies is coating the cathode materials. Among other things coating can help improve the flow of ions in and out of the cathode and means metals like metals like nickel can replace some of the cobalt.
What the Nano One process does is take that a step further, by coating individual nano-crystals in the cathode material, not clumps of the material. It is called the ‘One Pot Process’ because it also does it in a different way. To be simplistic, all of the cathode metals can be mixed together with the coating material and everything ‘cooked’ all at once in a kiln. The standard process requires two kiln firings over a course of days while the one pot process only takes a few hours.
The Nano One website explains that the coated clusters made with the standard process (Left, above) are prone to cracking and degradation from battery assembly and repeated charging, especially at high voltage. The One Pot Process (Right) coats each individual particle – nano-crystal – for better durability and longer battery life.
Solid state batteries for airplanes, boats
Solid State Batteries (SSBs) is where the ‘lighter’ part of the battery equation comes in. SSBs are the big goal in electric cars, because they can hold more energy in the same space as a liquid or gel sort. Solid state batteries using LMN (Lithium/Manganese/Nickel) cathodes hold big promise for electric airplanes, partly because they would also use ultrathin and light lithium metal anodes. But there are challenges.
Nano One’s Chief Technical Officer, Dr. Stephen Campbell, says the largest single challenge “is to design a stable and commercially viable interface between the solid electrolyte, of polymer, ceramic or glass composition, and the solid cathode and anode materials on either side of this electrolyte”. Nano One and (unnamed) automotive companies recently announced that tests they performed on solid state batteries of differing compositions had ‘positive results’.
In some ways, aviation batteries are more akin to what marine propulsion needs because airplanes and boats both need to ‘float’. One of the encouraging aspects of these SSB tests is that the One Pot Process looks like it can reduces costs. The single kiln firing is one advantage and the other is that the nano-particle coating makes nickel a viable and cheaper alternative to cobalt.
The road to market viability
Whenever we write about batteries it is important to say that it is a long journey from the drawing board and test results to something available to consumers. Nano One has a strategy, though, that might speed up that process.
The company’s business model does not include doing the processing of the materials themselves. Instead they will license the technology to companies like VW, Pulead and potentially others, who presumably already have the factories, personnel and distribution channels to get it to market fairly easily. | <urn:uuid:be54770c-1d36-4ccf-9b18-ea37c4064ad1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://electricboatassociation.ca/bc-companys-process-for-lighter-less-expensive-lit-ion-batteries/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.939013 | 1,113 | 3.203125 | 3 |
Written up to date consent to publication was extracted from the patient. The lab data upon admission are shown in Desk 1. E pathogen (HEV-IgA) was also harmful at that time. After 14 days of entrance, HEV-IgA and HEV-RNA had gamma-Secretase Modulators been measured once again as hepatitis E cannot be eliminated due to background of ingestion of undercooked meats that might have been polluted with HEV. At that right time, HEV-IgA and HEV-RNA (genotype 3) had been positive. Hence, an severe hepatitis E was diagnosed. His liver organ function improved to within the standard range steadily, and HEV-RNA and HEV-IgA were bad at 11 weeks after entrance. In conclusion, we explain here a complete case gamma-Secretase Modulators of severe hepatitis E within a renal transplant receiver. Careful interview relating to the chance of ingestion of HEV-contaminated meals and repeated measurements of HEV-IgA had been useful in finalizing a medical diagnosis. strong course=”kwd-title” Keywords: hepatitis E pathogen, anti-HEV IgA, receiver, renal transplantation, zoonosis Launch Hepatitis E is certainly caused by infections using the hepatitis E pathogen (HEV), which really is a single-stranded, non-enveloped, RNA icosahedral pathogen.1 HEV is mostly transmitted through ingesting meals or beverage that’s contaminated with HEV orally.2,3 Hepatitis E continues to be reported to trigger mild symptoms such as for example low-grade fever usually, appetite reduction and mild jaundice and it is self-limiting in the overall population.1 However, it could become chronic hepatitis in immunosuppressed sufferers such as for example recipients of body gamma-Secretase Modulators organ transplantation. 4 In the scholarly research by Kamar et al,5 66% of hepatitis E sufferers who had been also body organ transplantation recipients advanced to chronic hepatitis and 10% these chronic hepatitis E sufferers progressed to liver organ cirrhosis. However, several cases of severe hepatitis E have already been reported in body organ transplantation recipients. We herein record a complete case of severe hepatitis E within a renal transplant receiver. Case report The individual was a 31-year-old guy who underwent renal transplantation 24 months ago. The donor was his mom. Their ABO bloodstream type was suitable, and RSTS antibodies against donor-specific individual leukocyte antigen had been harmful in the receiver as dependant on complement-dependent cytotoxicity, movement cytometry-based crossmatch and -panel reactive antibody. His postoperative training course was uneventful without rejection, and his immunosuppressive regimen contains 3.5 mg/day tacrolimus, 1000 mg/day mycophenolate mofetil and 0.5 mg/ day everolimus. The sufferers liver organ function was regular. He was described our medical center after complaining of general low-grade and exhaustion fever beginning a week before display. Cautious interview revealed that gamma-Secretase Modulators he ate preceding undercooked pork 10 weeks. A low-grade fever was noticed, but jaundice and stomach pain weren’t. Blood evaluation revealed liver organ dysfunction. He was admitted to your medical center for even more treatment and evaluation for liver organ dysfunction. Written up to date consent to publication was extracted from the individual. The lab data upon entrance are proven in Desk 1. Bloodstream evaluation demonstrated liver organ dysfunction but was harmful for antibodies and antigens for hepatitis A, gamma-Secretase Modulators C and B virus, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections and collagen illnesses (Desk 1). Immunoglobulin A antibody against hepatitis E pathogen (HEV-IgA) was also harmful at that time (Desk 1). Notably, markers of liver organ damage had been upregulated as time passes (Body 1). Because we understood he ate prior undercooked pork 10 weeks, we believed that the chance of hepatitis E cannot be eliminated as the reason for his liver organ disease. Therefore, we measured HEV-IgA and in addition measured HEV-IgM and HEV-RNA 14 days after admission again. In those days, both HEV-IgA and HEV-IgM had been positive aswell as genotype 3 HEV-RNA (4.3 log duplicate/ mL, cutoff value: 2.0 log duplicate/mL; Body 1). Therefore, severe hepatitis E was diagnosed. The administration of ursodeoxycholic acidity, monoammonium glycyrrhizinate, glycine, aminoacetic l-cysteine and acid solution hydrochloride hydrate was started for liver organ protection. No particular antiviral agent against HEV was utilized. His liver organ function steadily improved to within the standard range, and HEV-IgA and HEV-RNA were once bad at 11 weeks after again.
Thereafter cell extracts were subjected to SDSCPAGE and Western blotting using anti-HA antibodies. of pinpoint a distinct cell wall defect. Osmotic support restores GPI protein secretion and actin polarization but not growth. Cell walls of mutants contain large amounts of GPI proteins that are easily released by -glucanases and not attached to cell wall 1,6-glucans and that retain their initial GPI anchor lipid. This suggests that the presumed transglycosidases Dfg5 and Dcw1 of transfer GPI proteins to cell wall 1,6-glucans inefficiently. INTRODUCTION Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring in yeast and mammals In all eukaryotes GPI lipids are posttranslationally attached to the C-terminus of certain proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Genetic ablation of GPI anchoring prospects to embryonic lethality in humans Ziprasidone hydrochloride and lethality in yeast (Maeda and Kinoshita, 2011 ). While all GPI proteins in mammals are uncovered at the plasma membrane, only about half of yeast GPI proteins stay in the plasma membrane; the other half loses the GPI lipid moiety and gets covalently attached to the cell wall 1,6-glucans (Caro and is lethal, suggesting that this covalent attachment of GPI-CWPs to glucans is essential, and this remains true even if cells receive osmotic support (Kitagaki and show 21 and 23% identities to 73 and 39% of PGAP5 sequence, respectively, and shows 23% identity to 33% of sequence. Moreover, mutants show a similar GPI protein transport defect as PGAP5 mutants (Haass and are candidates for enzymes removing EtN-P side chains. Discovery Ziprasidone hydrochloride of is an essential gene. Temperature sensitive (ts) alleles were identified as cell cycle mutants accumulating upon a shift to nonpermissive heat as cells with no or only a small bud, mostly duplicated DNA, a nonduplicated spindle pole body, and an undivided nucleus (Paidhungat and Garrett, 1998b ). Subsequent work revealed that certain alleles are rescued by supplementing media with Mn2+ or overexpression of plasma membrane Mn2+ transporters Smf1 or Smf2. Moreover, even wild-type (WT) cells, when deprived of Mn2+, quit cycling and exhibit small buds, duplicated DNA, and an undivided nucleus (Loukin and Kung, 1995 ; Supek as long as Mn2+ is present in high concentrations in the media (Paidhungat and Garrett, 1998a ). A more recent study found ZBTB32 strong evidence that Cdc1 is not regulating but is usually regulated by the intracellular Mn2+ concentration and that it is a Mn2+-dependent phosphodiesterase. Indeed, mutation of amino acids Ziprasidone hydrochloride belonging to the Mn2+-binding motif caused a Cdc1-deficiency phenotype (Losev cells at 30C have an elevated Ca2+ content and that elevated cytosolic Ca2+ levels contribute to the growth phenotype, to actin depolarization, and, related to this, a Golgi inheritance defect, whereby these phenomena are suppressed upon deletion of plasma membrane calcium channel components Mid1 or Cch1 (Paidhungat and Garrett, 1997 ; Rossanese cells at 37C. The above-mentioned GPI anchor modification function of the mammalian homologue PGAP5 drove us to investigate the effect of mutants on GPI protein biosynthesis in yeast. RESULTS Does Cdc1 remove an EtN-P from either Man1 or Man2? EtN-P is added to Man1, Man2, and Man3 of the GPI lipid precursor by Mcd4, Gpi7, and Gpi13, respectively (Physique 1). Among these three paralogues, only is not essential. Previous data indicated that mutants retain the GPI protein Gas1 in the ER and that and raises the possibility that Ted1 removes the EtN-P from Man2, explaining why the UPRs of and are not aggravating each other. This paradigm suggests that the lack of a EtN-P phosphodiesterase may be compensated by the lack of the EtN-P transferase adding the EtN-P that cannot be removed. We did not find any unfavorable genetic interaction of the temperature-sensitive allele with and TbGPI10. is an essential gene, because Gpi10, the mannosyltransferase adding Man3, does not work on GPI lipid intermediates lacking EtN-P on Man1, but becomes nonessential if yeast harbors the orthologue from in a gene may be, it is fully compensated by not adding EtN-P to Man1 during the biosynthesis of the GPI lipid precursor. This constellation strongly suggests that Cdc1 has specialized in removing EtN-P from Ziprasidone hydrochloride Man1. Open in a separate windows FIGURE 2: The essential gene can be deleted in the strain harboring vectors expressing GPI10 from (TbGPI10) ((cells have fragile cell walls. (A) Fourfold serial dilutions of the indicated strains were.
Representative away of 3 3rd party experiments. Just click here for document(724K, ZIP) Extra file 3: Shape S3: Compact disc4+ T cells mediate protection against VV encephalitis in the lack of Compact disc8+ T cells. to take care of immunopathology in MS . Specifically, monoclonal antibodies (natalizumab) towards the 4 subunit from the integrin VLA-4 (41 heterodimer) had been successfully used to avoid the influx of immune system cells in to the CNS also to deal with CNS autoimmunity . Nevertheless, in experimental versions it’s been demonstrated that specific encephalitogenic T cell subsets vary within their tools with VLA-4 . While Th1 cells maintain high levels of VLA-4 manifestation, Th17 cells are lower in ATN-161 trifluoroacetate salt VLA-4. As a result, blockade of VLA-4 can be better in avoiding the recruitment of Th1 cells than of Th17 cells in to the CNS parenchyma. Although regarded as an immune system privileged ATN-161 trifluoroacetate salt body organ, the CNS continues to be patrolled by T cells as a way of immune system monitoring . The contribution of Compact disc4+ vs Compact disc8+ effector memory space T cells in the migratory and resident swimming pools of lymphocytes particular to confirmed pathogen continues to be investigated in pores and skin disease but can be unclear in the CNS . In the treating body organ particular chronic and autoimmunity swelling, efforts are raising to market substances that either inhibit immune system cell trafficking [7-10] or cytokine systems that affect specific T helper cell subsets inside a differential way (anti-IL-23p19, anti-IL-17A [11,12], anti-GM-CSF (“type”:”clinical-trial”,”attrs”:”text”:”NCT01517282″,”term_id”:”NCT01517282″NCT01517282), anti-IL-6R ). Nevertheless, preclinical choices to research niche particular immune system host and surveillance defense in the CNS are uncommon. Certainly, efalizumab, a obstructing antibody towards the integrin ATN-161 trifluoroacetate salt L was withdrawn from the marketplace in ’09 2009 due to viral meningitis and instances of JC pathogen induced intensifying multifocal leukencephalopathy (PML) . Right here, we founded a CNS particular viral disease model that allowed us to investigate the contribution of specific T helper cell subsets to sponsor protection. We decided to go with vaccinia pathogen (VV) disease where the need for virus particular T helper cell reactions has been examined previously [15,16]. Vaccinated mice had been found to become shielded from intrathecal (i.th.) disease with VV because of mobile immunity. In the lack of Compact disc8+ T cells, Th1 like cells had been sufficient to safeguard mice from intrathecal VV disease. Gain access to of Th1 cells in to the contaminated CNS area was reliant on VLA-4 manifestation. Although virus particular Th17 cells could actually migrate in to the CNS in the lack of VLA-4, CNS recruited and contaminated macrophages weren’t cleared by Th17 cells since Th17 cells C as opposed to Th1 cells C had been lacking in perforin-1 manifestation. These data high light a dominant part of Th1 cells in antiviral tissue-specific immunity. Our data claim that as with autoimmune swelling from the CNS additional, virus particular Th1 cells are reliant on VLA-4 to enter the CNS and pathogen disease will not overcome the necessity for Th1 cells expressing VLA-4. Therefore, integrin targeted restorative interventions in autoimmunity and chronic swelling have to be sophisticated to be able to not really jeopardize organ particular immune system surveillance and sponsor protection. Methods and Materials Animals, immunization, and disease mice, blockade of IFN-, mice had been treated with almost every other day time i.p. shots of the neutralizing antibody to IFN- (R4-6A2, BioXCell, Western Lebanon, USA; 200?g) or isotype control beginning on day time 9 after immunization. In an identical regimen, obstructing antibodies to integrin 4 (PS/2, BioXCell, Western Lebanon, USA; 200?g), depleting antibodies to Compact disc8 (YTS169.4, BioXcell; 200?g) or Compact disc4 (GK1.5, BioXcell; ATN-161 trifluoroacetate salt 200?g) were administered almost every other day time from Rabbit polyclonal to PLRG1 day time 9 or day time 10 after immunization, respectively. Intrathecal disease was performed as described . In short, VV was inoculated in to the cisterna magna of mice in deep anaesthesia through transcutaneous suboccipital puncture. Clinical symptoms of disease aswell as weight reduction in percent of preliminary pounds (means?+?SEM) were monitored daily. For adoptive transfer tests, na?ve T cells were isolated by magnetic sorting (Compact disc4+Compact ATN-161 trifluoroacetate salt disc62L+; T cell isolation package II, mouse; Miltenyi Biotec, Germany) from Compact disc45.1+ OT-II mice and differentiated into Th1 or Th17 cells. The differentiation position was examined on day time 4 by intracellular cytokine staining and.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that may post-transcriptionally regulate the genes involved with critical cellular procedures. (BALB/c) PolymerCreatinemir-34aIn vitro (4T1.2 and MDA-MB-231)In vivo (BALB/c) Open up in another screen Abbreviations: 2-OME: 2- em O /em -methylation; AMOs: anti-miR oligonucleotides; PPL: charged poly-L-lysine positively. 5.1. miRNA Suppression (Artificial miRNA-Induced Inhibition) Because miRNA is normally an individual stranded mRNA and these are exposed to a harsh environment within the cells, the use of synthetic oligonucleotides has been revised to enhance stability, target affinity, and promote cellular uptake. miRNA inhibition focuses on suppressing the overly indicated onco-miR in breast tumor treatment. Synthetic oligonucleotides that are commonly used include locked nucleic acid (LNA), antisense anti-miR oligonucleotides (AMOs) and miRNA sponges . These modifications are often used in inhibition studies to elucidate the tasks of miRNAs in malignancy. The logic behind AMOs is to use a sequence that is antisense to their target miRNA, which could result in an efficient and irreversible silencing of the targeted miRNA. They are chemically revised in the C2 carbon of the sugars molecule having a methylated hydroxyl group (2-OMe RNAs). A new generation of AMOs adds N, N-diethyl-4-(4-nitronaphthalen-1-ylazo)-phenylamine (ZEN) in the 5- and 3 ends of the 2-OMe oligonucleotide to enhance its effectiveness and guard itself from nuclease and decreased toxicity. Other adjustments include the pursuing five: Addition of methoxyethyl group on the RNA 2-OH (2-MOE); Addition of fluorine 2-hydroxyl group at C2 carbon from the glucose group (2-F); Substitution of air from the phosphate backbone to sulfur to create phosphonothioate linkage; Substitution of phosphate using the uncharged phosphonodiamidite group to create phosphorothioate Talnetant linkage, referred to as phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs); Substitution of phosphate backbone using a pseudo-peptide polymer (N-(2-aminoethyl) glycine) to create an uncharged artificial DNA, referred to as peptide nucleic Talnetant acidity (PNA). Commercial businesses utilize the mix of Cd247 many modifications to create ts-miR inhibitory oligos. For instance, the antagomir (inhibitor) from GenePharma was improved with cholesterol on the 3 end, as well as the addition of 2-OMe improved bases and four thiol adjustments on the 3 end . Wang et al., 2017 demonstrated that transfecting using the improved ts-miR-451 antagomir in the GenePharma firm rescued the miR-451 suppressive impact in cancer development and metastasis in vivo and in vitro . Talnetant Out of this adjustment program Aside, miRNA sponges are exogenous competitive inhibitors with multiple tandem binding sites which have solid affinity towards the miRNA appealing. This might abolish the miRNA/mRNA connections. Chemically improved AMOs are costly and possess a far more off-target impact generally, albeit getting effective as silencers in in vitro research. Several research have combined many adjustment systems together to improve the anti-cancer impact by the indicate of raising the structure balance and prolong the half-life from the miRNA, with desire to to lessen off-target effects inside the cells. One research by Gao et al., 2015 compared the anti-cancer aftereffect of PEI-PLL/miR-21-AMO and PEI-PLL/miR21-Sponge in MCF-7 cells . Both strategies induced a substantial decrease in cell viability via upregulating the PDCD4 manifestation, which in turn activated a caspase-3-dependent apoptosis pathway. Notably, PEI-PLL/miR21-Sponge displayed a higher anti-cancer effect when compared to the AMO group. This enhanced effect was due to the prolonged transfection effect by PEI-PLL and that sponge-miR21 plasmid may have a more stable structure than the AMO oligonucleotide. One of the major downsides of miRNA antagonists is the incomplete and temporal knockdown of target miRNAs. Recently, the CRISPR/Cas9 system was developed to effectively overcome these limitations by permanently inducing the gene knockdown of miRNAs in cell lines. This system comprises of a Cas9 nuclease that cleaves a specific DNA site next to a protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) and a guide RNA (gRNA) that facilitates the Cas9 to the specific region, leading to gene-knockout. In a recent study, Hannafon et al. showed that CRISPR/Cas9-induced knockout specifically repressed the targeted miR-23b/27b expression, with minimal disruption to adjacent miRNA precursors in MCF-7 cells . This genetic depletion of the oncogenic miRNAs effectively suppressed tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. 5.2. miRNA Replenishment (Delivery Systems).
Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary Details. matter of fact, CDDP is usually highly efficient only against testicular germ cell malignancy, leading to a durable total remission in 80% of the patients.10, 11 Conversely, the clinical responses elicited by CDDP-based chemo(radio)therapeutic regimens in patients affected by other solid tumors (e.g., ovarian carcinoma) are temporary and vanish as malignant cells become chemoresistant. Moreover, a significant portion of lung, prostate and colorectal malignancy patients bears neoplastic lesions that are intrinsically resistant to the cytostatic/cytotoxic activity of CDDP.12, 13, 14 Thus, although the use of CDDP (which is generally administered i.v. as a short-term infusion in physiological saline) has been associated with mild-to-moderate nephrotoxic, neurotoxic, cardiotoxic and ototoxic side effects,7, 15 chemoresistance (be it intrinsic or acquired) constitutes the most prominent obstacle against the use of this drug. The biological reasons underlying the exquisite sensitivity of testicular germ cell cancers to CDDP have not been completely elucidated. Indeed, although defects in several DNA repair pathways (observe below) have been associated with improved disease end result in CDDP-treated testicular germ cell malignancy Filixic acid ABA patients,16, 17, Mouse monoclonal to EIF4E 18, 19 additional hitherto unidentified factors are likely to influence this phenomenon. In the early 1980s, investigators and clinicians began to refocus their attention around the development of CDDP derivatives that would elicit robust therapeutic responses accompanied by clinically manageable side effects. Such an effort led to the discovery of two additional platinum derivatives that are nowadays approved by FDA for use in cancer patients: chloro groups are replaced by water molecules.41, 42 Such an aquation’ occurs spontaneously in the cytoplasm, presumably due to the relatively low concentration of chloride ions (2C10?mM, as compared with 100?mM in the extracellular space).43, 44 Mono- and bi-aquated forms of CDDP are highly electrophilic and hence prone to form covalent bonds with methionine as well Filixic acid ABA as with a big -panel of cysteine-containing peptides and polypeptides, including reduced glutathione (GSH) and metallothioneins.45 The interaction between aquated CDDP and endogenous nucleophiles has dual consequences. Similarly, it depletes the cytosol of reducing equivalents, marketing the establishment of oxidative tension therefore, which may have got direct cytotoxic results or provoke Filixic acid ABA DNA harm (find below).46, 47 Alternatively, it leads to the inactivation of (a minimum of a fraction of) chemically reactive CDDP, working being a cytoprotective buffer hence.12, 48 Upon aquation, CDDP binds with high affinity to mitochondrial and nuclear DNA also, specifically to nucleophilic N7 sites on purines, so favoring the era of heterotypic proteinCDNA complexes in addition to homotypic inter- and intra-strand DNA adducts.49, 50, 51 If limited in amount, the DNA lesions provoked by CDDP could be recognized and safely removed by several repair systems that normally operate within the context of the temporary cell cycle arrest.52, 53, 54, 55, 56 Conversely, once the CDDP-induced DNA harm is irreparable, either this kind of cell routine arrest becomes everlasting (an oncosuppressive response referred to as cellular senescence)57, 58 or cells become focused on die, most via mitochondrial apoptosis frequently.59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64 Both these procedures could be initiated with the sequential activation of ATM- and RAD3-related protein (ATR, a sensor of DNA harm) and checkpoint kinase 1 (CHEK1, its main downstream effector), leading to the stabilizing phosphorylation from the oncosuppressor protein p53 eventually.65, 66, 67, 68, 69 An accurate description from the molecular mechanisms whereby an excessive amount of DNA lesions stimulates widespread mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP),.
Ovarian tumor is among the most lethal of female malignancies, and its own clinical therapeutic outcome is unsatisfied currently. dinaciclib is energetic against a wide spectrum of human being tumor cell lines with median IC50 of 11 nM by inducing cell routine arrest and apoptosis . The phase I medical studies demonstrated that dinaciclib given at a dosage of 0.33 mg/m2 like a 2-hour intravenous ATV infusion on times 1, 8, 15 of the 28-day time cycle was generally secure and very well tolerated with the normal adverse events including nausea, reduced appetite, fatigue and anemia . The outcomes of stage II study proven that dinaciclib given intravenous in the 50 mg/m2 dosage was well tolerated, but without Linagliptin (BI-1356) antitumor activity as monotherapy in individuals with non-small cell lung tumor . Furthermore, another stage II trial illustrated that dinaciclib at 50 mg/m2 given like a 2-hour infusion every 21 times shown some antitumor Linagliptin (BI-1356) activity and was generally tolerated in individuals with advanced breasts cancer, but effectiveness was not more advanced than capecitabine at 1250 mg/m2 given orally double daily in 21-day time cycles . Furthermore, dinaciclib given at dosages of 30-50 mg/m2 on day time 1 of the 21-day routine exhibited motivating single-agent antitumor activity in individuals with relapsed multiple myeloma . Evaluation of dinaciclib in conjunction with other chemotherapeutical medicines for multiple varieties of malignancies currently is happening. In this scholarly study, we looked into that anticancer results and mechanisms of dinaciclib alone or combined with cisplatin in preclinical models of ovarian cancer. RESULTS Dinaciclib inhibited the growth of ovarian cancer cells 0.05 and ** 0.01 corresponding control. Dinaciclib induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells To determine whether the growth inhibition of ovarian cancer cells by dinaciclib is also due to apoptosis, cell apoptosis was assessed after dinaciclib treatment. Linagliptin (BI-1356) A2780 and OVCAR3 cells were treated with dinaciclib (0.003, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.1 M) for 48h, stained with Annexin V/PI and examined by FCM. As shown in Figure ?Figure3A3A and ?and3B,3B, dinaciclib dose-dependently induced early apoptosis (Annexin V+/PI-) and late apoptosis (Annexin V+/PI+) in both cells. Futhermore, the apoptotic related proteins were detected by Western blot to investigate the molecular mechanism of cell apoptosis by dinaciclib. After treatment with dinaciclib, the cleaved PARP, which is the marker of apoptosis, was time- and dose-dependently generated in both cells. Furthermore, the Linagliptin (BI-1356) proteins degrees of XIAP, survivin, MDM2, Mcl-1, Raf-1, HSP90 and -catenin had been significantly decreased both in cells (Shape ?(Shape3C3C). Open up in another window Shape 3 Dinaciclib induced apoptosis in ovarian tumor cellsA2780 (A) and OVCAR3 (B) cells had been treated with dinaciclib in the indicated period and concentrations. The apoptosis was recognized by FCM Annexin V/PI staining. The proportions of Annexin V+/PI? and Annexin V+/PI+ cells indicated the past due and early stage of apoptosis. The protein manifestation was analyzed by Traditional western blot after lysing cells, and -actin was utilized as launching control. The representative graphs, quantified outcomes and Traditional western blot outcomes (C) of three 3rd party experiments had been demonstrated. * 0.05 and ** 0.01 related control. ROS was crucial for the anticancer aftereffect of dinaciclib in ovarian tumor cells ROS takes on an important part in tumorigenesis and chemotherapy of all anticancer medicines . To measure the part of ROS within the anticancer aftereffect of dinaciclib in ovarian tumor cells, we utilized dihydroethidium (DHE) as ROS fluorescent probe, which may be oxidized by ROS to oxide ethidium that binds with DNA to give off the detectable reddish colored fluorescence , to stain cells treated with dinaciclib. As demonstrated in Figure ?Shape4A,4A, dinaciclib enhanced the fluorescent indicators of DHE both in A2780 and OVCAR3 cells within the concentration-and time-dependent manners, suggesting the intracellular ROS amounts had been enhanced after dinaciclib treatment. To.
Supplementary Components1. analyses of bulk cellular populations, making it impossible to discern cell fate decisions made by individual T cells. Recent technological advances that have coupled microfluidics systems with high-throughput qRT-PCR analyses have enabled detailed analyses of cell fate decisions in development, induced stem cell reprogramming and malignancy biology14-17. Here, we applied single-cell gene manifestation profiling to investigate the ontogeny of effector and memory space CD8+ T lymphocytes during a microbial illness bacteria expressing ovalbumin (Lm-OVA) and CD8+ T cells were sorted throughout the course of illness for single-cell analysis (Fig. 1). In addition, we selected for analysis terminally differentiated short-lived effector cells (Tsle, KLRG1hiIL-7Rlo)2, putative memory space precursor cells (Tmp, KLRG1loIL-7Rhi)2, and central memory space (Tcm, CD44hiCD62Lhi) and effector memory space (Tem, CD44hiCD62Llo)3,4 cells (Fig. 1). Open in a separate window Number 1 Gating strategy and experimental approach for single-cell gene manifestation analyses of CD8+ T cell subsets isolated from uninfected (na?ve, CD8+CD44loCD62Lhi there) or CD45.2 receiver mice infected with Lm-OVA 24h after intravenous adoptive transfer of CFSE-labeled or unlabeled Compact disc45.1+OT-1 Compact Rabbit Polyclonal to PLCB3 disc8+ T cells. Compact disc8+ T cell subsets had been isolated at several time factors post-infection: department 1 (Compact disc8+Compact disc45.1+Compact disc44hwe cells within 2nd brightest CFSE top); times 3, 5, and 7 post-infection; time 7 temporary effector (Tsle) (Compact disc8+Compact disc45.1+Compact disc44hiKLRG1hiIL-7Rlo), time 7 putative storage precursor (Tmp) (Compact disc8+Compact disc45.1+Compact disc44hiKLRG1loIL-7Rhi), time 45 central storage (Tcm) (Compact disc8+Compact disc45.1+Compact disc44hiCD62Lhello there), and time 45 effector storage (Tem) (Compact disc8+Compact disc45.1+Compact disc44hiCD62Llo). Data are representative of three tests. Data analysis strategies included unsupervised Primary Component evaluation (PCA) and Jensen-Shannon Divergence (JSD), and supervised binary classifier and Hidden Markov Model (HMM). Quantitative real-time PCR evaluation was performed using Fluidigm 96.96 Active Arrays, allowing simultaneous measurement of expression for 96 genes in 96 individual cells (Supplementary Fig. 1a). Among the 94 gene goals (Desk 1 and Supplementary Desk 1) we chosen for analysis had been transcriptional regulators previously reported to impact Compact disc8+ T lymphocyte differentiation18-25; cytokines, chemokines, and their receptors19; and substances associated with tissues homing and success19. Desk 1 94 chosen gene goals grouped according with their function. and and mRNA in Tcm cells and higher appearance of mRNA in Tem cells accounting for the variance between these storage MK-3102 cell populations. A number of the disparities noticed on the transcriptional level had been confirmed on the proteins level (Fig. 2b), helping the discovering that Tcm and Tem cells are distinct molecularly. The higher appearance of and also to thresholds discovered from that data to choose whether a cell is normally even more Tcm- or Tsle-like (Supplementary Fig. 4a). Ensembles of decision trees and shrubs had been educated with RobustBoost32 to create a MK-3102 binary classifier that attained misclassification error of around 4% in leave-one-out combination validation that was divide consistently when distinguishing between Tcm versus Tsle cells (Fig. 4a and Supplementary Fig. 4b). The classifier uncovered that and had been being among the most predictive genes whose high appearance accurately explained Tcm cells, whereas the lack of their manifestation, along with high manifestation of and lower manifestation than the na?ve MK-3102 to pre-memory transition, raising the possibility that these genes might influence whether a cell proceeds along the pathway towards terminal differentiation or self-renewal. Like the early transitions from your na?ve state, the pre-memory to Tcm and pre-memory to Tem transitions exhibited particular shared molecular regulators, including increased expression of and decreased expression of and and and decreased might represent an early molecular switch promoting the pathway towards terminal differentiation was intriguing in light of recent work suggesting a role for IL-2 signaling in MK-3102 CD8+ T.
Supplementary Materialsmp0c00151_si_001. 28 days postinjection (= 6 at every time stage) and dimension of vitreous human being and rabbit opticin concentrations in the supernatant and collagen-containing pellet pursuing centrifugation. The quantity of distribution of human being opticin was determined to become 3.31 mL, as well as the vitreous half-life was 4.2 times. Let’s assume that rabbit and human being opticin are cleared from rabbit vitreous at the same price, opticin can be secreted in to the vitreous for a price of Leflunomide 0.14 g/day time. We conclude that intravitreally injected opticin includes a vitreous half-life that’s similar to available antiangiogenic therapeutics. While opticin was determined destined to vitreous collagen fibrils 1st, right here we demonstrate that 90% of endogenous opticin isn’t destined to collagen. Endogenous opticin can be secreted from the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium in to the rabbit vitreous at an amazingly high rate, as well as the turnover in vitreous can be approximately 15% each day. research.11 In Vivo Research Animal research were completed under the Pets (Scientific Methods) Work 1986 (task permit PPL 70/8120, process no. 8 8). All methods were conducted pursuing ethical authorization of the pet Welfare and Ethics Committee from the UCL Institute of Ophthalmology and Leflunomide complied using the ARVO Declaration for the usage of Pets in Ophthalmology Leflunomide and Eyesight Research. Man New Zealand White colored rabbits were from Envigo (Bicester, U.K.); these were permitted to acclimatize for at least seven days prior to injection. A total of 43 eyes were obtained from 22 rabbits weighing 1.4C1.7 kg. Seven eyes were uninjected, and the rest received intravitreal injections. Briefly, the animals were anaesthetised with an intramuscular injection of a mixture of 25 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride and 0.5 mg/kg medetomidine hydrochloride (Vetoquinol UK Ltd., Towcester, U.K.). In addition, topical anesthesia (1% Tetracaine Hydrochloride ophthalmic eye drops; Bausch&Lomb UK Ltd., Surrey, U.K.) was administered after dilation of the pupils with 1% Tropicamide and 2.5% Phenylephrine hydrochloride eye drops (Bausch&Lomb UK Ltd.). After placing 5% povidone iodine on the periocular region and the conjunctiva of each eye, recombinant human opticin (40 g in 50 L total volume; = 36) was administered intravitreally 1 mm behind the surgical limbus of the eye by injection with either a microfine 30-gauge insulin syringe (BD; Franklin Lakes, NJ, U.S.A.) or a 30-gauge needle and a Hamilton syringe (Hamilton Company, Reno, NV, U.S.A.). To manage any possible postoperative pain, injected rabbits received a 5 mg dose of carprofen (administered subcutaneously once a day for 2 consecutive days post intravitreal injection). The rabbits were sacrificed after intravitreal injection at the following time points: 5, 24, and 72 h and 7, 14, and 28 days by Rabbit Polyclonal to p90 RSK intravenous overdose with pentobarbital sodium (Merial Animal Health Ltd., Harlow, Essex, U.K.). The vitreous was collected from all enucleated eyes by dissection, and it had been kept in 1.5 mL eppendorf tubes at ?80C until additional analysis. In short, a little incision in the sclera was produced utilizing a scalpel, as well as the cornea was taken out using scissors. The zoom lens was taken out as well as the vitreous gathered utilizing a 3 mL Pasteur pipet. Test Preparation for Perseverance of Opticin Focus Vitreous samples had been thawed to area temperatures, and their preliminary weights were documented (W1) ahead of 24 h incubation with hyaluronan lyase from (EC 18.104.22.168; 15 products per test) at 37 C with small agitation (350 rpm). A collagen-containing pellet was separated through the supernatant by centrifugation at 13?000for 30 min. The supernatant was taken out, and a 50 L aliquot from the supernatant was used for evaluation. The collagen-containing pellet plus pipe was reweighed (W2) before cleaning with 100 L of 50 mM ammonium bicarbonate and resuspension in 50 L of 50 mM ammonium bicarbonate. Both supernatant and collagen-containing pellet remove were decreased by incubating with 5 mM (last focus) dithiotreitol at 60 C for 45 min and eventually alkylated with iodoacetamidefinal focus 15 mM, at area temperatures for 30 min at night. Each small fraction was next put through enzymatic digestive function by addition of 2 g of proteomics quality trypsin (supply Promega, U.K.) to each test with the quantity comprised to 93 L with 50 mM ammonium bicarbonate. Examples had been vortexed briefly and incubated for 16 Leflunomide h at either 50 C (collagen-containing pellet remove) or 37 C (supernatant) right away. Two microliters of nice formic acidity was added after digestive function to inactivate.
Supplementary Materialsmbc-31-695-s001. 1 min after ligand stimulation, indicating early diversification of function. To understand this heterogeneity, we developed a mathematical model. The model predicted that variations in phosphorylation are dependent on the abundances of signaling buy Phloridzin partners, while phosphorylation levels are dependent on dimer lifetimes. The predictions were confirmed in studies of cell lines with different expression levels of signaling partners, and in experiments comparing low- and high-affinity ligands and oncogenic EGFR mutants. These Rat monoclonal to CD4.The 4AM15 monoclonal reacts with the mouse CD4 molecule, a 55 kDa cell surface receptor. It is a member of the lg superfamily,primarily expressed on most thymocytes, a subset of T cells, and weakly on macrophages and dendritic cells. It acts as a coreceptor with the TCR during T cell activation and thymic differentiation by binding MHC classII and associating with the protein tyrosine kinase, lck results reveal how ligand-regulated receptor dimerization dynamics and adaptor protein concentrations play critical roles in EGFR signaling. INTRODUCTION The ability of a cell to respond rapidly and specifically to changes in the surrounding environment is controlled by proteinCprotein interactions at the plasma membrane and along the signaling cascade. While much is known about the biochemical events that govern signaling pathways, this information has mostly been derived from population-based measurements that average over millions of cells and/or proteins. However, there is growing evidence that system heterogeneity at both the cellular and molecular levels contribute to cellular information processing (Lahav 1550. (E) Percentage of pY1068+ receptors estimated for EGFR-GFP before and after correcting for surface expression. The corrected phosphorylation buy Phloridzin percentage for EGFR-GFP corresponds to the value measured for ACP-EGFR, which includes only plasma membraneClocalized receptors. 2400 for each EGFR type. Error bars are SE of assessed phosphorylation percentages. During the period of this scholarly research, we executed some improvements in the experimental picture and procedure evaluation to accomplish efficient and accurate quantification. These are referred to briefly right here and greater detail is situated in the section and in legends to Supplemental Numbers S1CS3. As continues to be previously mentioned (Jain 1500. *, 0.05; **, 0.01; ***, 0.001. (B) Schematic of EGFR tyrosine site-specific model, represented as an extended contact map (Chylek 1800. Symbols are the SiMPull data and error bars are SE of measured phosphorylation percentages. The series of experiments reported in A and D were each performed on the same day, but the two series of experiments were performed on different days. For this reason, results at the final time point in D are not combined with the results shown in A. Solid lines in D are derived from simulations using best-fit parameter values. As described in 1050. This CHO-EGFR-GFP Grb2-mCherry cell line overexpresses Grb2 by approximately threefold on average, as determined by Western blot analysis (unpublished data), compared with wild-type cells. Error bars represent mean SEM. Model predicts cell-specific phosphorylation patterns based on differences in adaptor protein abundances On the basis of these results, we hypothesized that cell types naturally expressing different levels of these adaptor proteins would display different phosphorylation patterns. Protein copy numbers have been assayed using both global and targeted mass spectrometry-based proteomics in various cell lines (Kulak 1550. **, 0.01. Error bars represent mean SEM. Three-color SiMPull reveals frequency of multisite phosphorylation on individual EGFR Our results above suggest that EGF-treated cells bear subpopulations of receptors with differing phosphorylation patterns. SiMPull offers unique advantages over traditional methods, because individual molecules can be probed with more than one antibody providing each has a spectrally distinct fluorescent tag. We utilized the capability for simultaneous three-color SiMPull imaging to determine the frequency of multisite phosphorylation on individual EGFRs. Figure 5A illustrates the basic protocol used to evaluate the buy Phloridzin incidence of multisite phosphorylation at the single-receptor level. The image in Figure 5B shows a typical result, where each receptor is resolved based on GFP emission (dark green), and then overlaid with detection of antiCPY1068-CF555 (light green) and detection of antiCPY-AF647 (purple). Circled, white spots indicate the presence of EGFRs that are positive for both antibodies and, therefore, phosphorylated on PY1068 as well as at least one other tyrosine in the cytoplasmic tail. Open in a separate window FIGURE 5: SiMPull reveals EGFR multisite phosphorylation. (A) Schematic of three-color labeling. (B) Representative three-color SiMPull image of EGFR-GFP (dark buy Phloridzin green), anti-pY1068 (light green), and antiCpan-PY (purple). White circles indicate receptors which contain all three brands and are consequently. | <urn:uuid:c3feefae-4a23-4f3f-b936-2481fc930d4c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://healthyfutureforkids.com/category/sphingosine-kinase/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.924847 | 9,843 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Chinese Medicine: The Heart-Mind ConnectionJustin Ngui-Hon-Sang, R.TCMP, R.Ac. May 1, 2012
Modern science tells us that in order to live well, we must have a strong heart. In allopathic medicine this means that the heart has to be robust, it has to pump oxygen-rich blood to the cells, and it has to ensure the circulation of nutrients.
But people are made up of more than blood and nutrients. We know that a “strong heart” can also apply to the determination, devotion, and will of an individual, synonymous with having “a lot of heart”. We all know someone like this and, more often than not, that person shows a high degree of vitality. So where does this apparent connection stem from? In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), we can explain this using Classical Chinese Medicine Science (CCMS).
TCM describes the Heart (or “Xin”) as the organ that is responsible for maintaining the connection between consciousness and the material world. The mind is understood as an entity consisting of organ function (which we will get to later). In CCMS, the Heart and Mind are connected through vital energy. In fact, it is said that “the Heart houses the Mind”. As the supplier of blood, nutrients, and Qi, the Heart keeps the mind grounded. CCMS also tells us that the association between the Heart and Mind is a two-way street. So if you affect the Heart through the stimulation of Acupuncture needles, you can affect the Mind. And, of course, the reverse is also true – if you affect the Mind with depression or anger, the Heart will also be affected, causing a deterioration in the body’s blood, nutrients, organ function, and energy.
We Are Of Two Minds
Looking at this relationship from the viewpoint of the Mind, there are two components: first, the Emotional Mind or “Xin” which resides in the Heart; and second, the Wisdom Mind or “Yi” which resides in the Spleen. The Emotional Mind is emotionally driven to do things and express desire, but lacks the ability to make logical decisions. In this way, the Emotional Mind can be the Wisdom Mind’s worst enemy. It is the source of laziness, bad tempers, anxiety, depression, and so on. On the other hand, the Wisdom Mind is the home of a person’s wisdom and judgement. When the Wisdom Mind has an idea, it is able to actualize that goal in the physical world. A common occurrence for most people is for the Wisdom Mind to generate ideas, but those ideas become taken over by the Emotional Mind. For example, from your Wisdom Mind you know that you should get up at 6:30 am to go to work every morning. But, when the morning comes your Emotional Mind tells you that you don’t want to deal with your boss, coworkers, and environment, so you should go back to bed. This is a fairly simple example, but the moral here is to have control of the Emotional Mind, and not to let it run your decision making.
In this two-sided view of the mind, it is easy to understand why treating the Heart is important for successfully alleviating conditions related to depression and unhappiness. In fact, according to the Five Element Theory (FET) in TCM, the Heart is directly related to emotions of Joy.
Therefore, by stimulating acupuncture points along the Heart Meridian (channel of acupuncture points on the body that control Qi governing the Heart), we affect the Heart and those things that it directly controls – the mind and emotions. One such point that is very good for insomnia, talking during sleep, poor memory, manic-depression, epilepsy, dementia, desire to laugh, mad laughter, uncontrolled outbursts, sadness, fear and fright, and disorientation is called Heart-7, pictured above.
The beauty of the TCM approach is that it is not limited to understanding mental illness through a biological medical model (which is completely valid for some cases), but expands this to incorporate emotions as the symptom of a particular organ dysfunction. For example, when the Heart functions properly, and there is ample blood and Qi, then the mind can be clear; thoughts are fluid and plentiful, and the body is full of energy and vibrancy. On the other hand, too much of a happy emotion like excitement can over-stimulate the Heart and correspondingly, hurt the mind. It is important to understand that over-stimulation of a happy emotion does not equate to true happiness, and that too much of anything – even if it’s good – can cause your system to be unbalanced. True happiness calms the Heart, while excessive happiness may cause hyperactivity resulting in a “crash” or weakness.
According to the FET, when the Heart is weak, it directly affects the regulation of the Spleen and Stomach. The result is worry and over-thinking, the two emotions that are related to the Spleen and the Stomach.
|Liver||Non-Corporeal Soul (Hun)||Anger|
|Spleen||Potential Consciousness (Yi)||Concern|
|Lung||Corporeal Soul/Animal Soul (Po)||Grief|
In the chart above, we can see that TCM understands emotions by grouping them into five main categories. Those categories are connected to a pertaining organ (or residence), called a “Zhang Organ”. These organs maintain a relationship with Qi, blood, and nutrients just like the Heart and Mind. The second column in the chart, which refers to Spirit, is a very important one to understand and is in no way connected to ideas of “spirituality” or religious connotations. In this case, the Spirit is a container for competence and responsibilities that are inherent in a human being. It is recognizable across cultures and is used to understand and integrate the nonphysical aspects of a person’s life into a system that encompasses both illness and health.
The Shen is the Spirit that guides a person’s consciousness in the world. The Yi contains the wisdom and decision-making portion of the mind. The Hun is the part of the individual that is not attached to the human body. It contains virtues and kindness when healthy, and can endure pain and suffering. The Po is the part of the individual that ceases to exist when a person dies. It is the Spirit that is dependent on a person’s physical life based on reactivity or animation of a person. Lastly, the Zhi is the home of intentions, self-determination and effort. We know this simply as “will-power”.
This TCM view of the connection between emotions, the mind, and the body (and organs) is extremely powerful. The fact that organs can be linked with emotions is documented with a science that extends through thousands of years. With this knowledge, you can develop an understanding of your own heart-mind relationship, and emotion-organ relationship. This enables one to prevent emotional rollercoasters and mental illness by making each side of the relationship stronger and healthier through diet, exercise, and rest. Work out your heart through cardiovascular exercise, and remember that this also affects your mind. Work out your mind with relaxation and equal contemplation and it will do wonders for your heart. Keep your emotions healthy and in balance by proactively keeping the corresponding organs healthy, and begin to better understand your body by observing the emotions that take hold of you.
Justin Ngui was born in 1978 into a family that had Chinese medicine, Qigong, and martial arts as a part of their family lineage for twenty-four generations. In 2008 he joined his father in healing people with Chinese Medicine and Qigong at a small clinic in Richmond Hill, Ontario. He is now running the clinic in a new location, with his own apprentices, support staff and other practitioners. He has been given the title of Sifu by his father. Through the clinic, he has been able to provide successful therapy to many individuals from all over Canada, and around the world. Some of his humanitarian efforts include travelling to Haiti to provide therapy to those in need and help with the relief effort. He has also provided workshops and private therapies to countless corporations over Canada. Some of these include the York Region District School Board and the North American Association of Asian Professionals. Justin has organized countless sold-out events that demonstrate the power and magnitude of Qigong and Chinese Martial Arts. He was the president of the Executive Council responsible for the first ever World Congress on Qigong and Traditional Chinese Medicine in Canada. Justin partnered in this event with Dr. Effie Chow, who was a member of the White House Commission on Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Presently, he continues the Qigong, Meditation, and Gongfu training, incorporating it into his work with people at the clinic and studio. His goal is to spread the knowledge of the ancient arts to the next generations and train those who seek a greater understanding of life, food, energy, and balance. Contact info: Justin's email - <a href="mailto:email@example.com">firstname.lastname@example.org</a>; Clinic's email - <a href="mailto:email@example.com">firstname.lastname@example.org</a>; Clinic's phone - 905-597-5007; Clinic's website - <a href="http://nguistyle.com">nguistyle.com</a> | <urn:uuid:945eb45a-c790-4f86-8663-1bda494146af> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://vitalitymagazine.com/article/the-heart-mind-connection/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.940588 | 2,050 | 2.828125 | 3 |
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Sports knowledge is something that should be accurate and authentic. If it is not authentic, then there is no point in knowing what is happening. Sports is one thing which everyone in the world follows once in their life. | <urn:uuid:ca0e4b7c-f506-4399-8e91-112597b3dd3e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://marina-inn.com/2021/08 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.975457 | 463 | 1.828125 | 2 |
02-17-2012, 02:28 PM
Dean | bilge pump
I have found that any water that should happen to leak into the hull, ends up in the tail because the aircraft sits tail low when on the water. It will not flow forward to the bilge pump in the botton of the step. This probably contributed to the fatality in New Zealand. If you run the nose up on the bank (gear up) it is possible to submerge the tail cone sufficently to allow water to enter the lower hole in the vert stab--especially if you're parked on a beach and the tide comes in. I have installed a second bilge pump in the tail which pumps to the existing pump in the step--one switch runs both pumps.
02-18-2012, 09:29 AM
Russ Kotlarek | Lake Amhib. too
Dean In the Lake amphibs a number of owners did the same thing. Water in the tail even if it did flow forward is also capable of flowing backwards as you plow onto the step. Certainly too much weight in the tail from water is extremely dangerous.
Where in the tail did you put your bilge pump ?
02-18-2012, 05:58 PM
these are very useful comments, as I have also had the experience of parking on a beach thru two tide cycles and having the tail of the plane fill up with water. Most likely, even if I had a second bilge pump, my battery would not have lasted at the rate water probably came in thru the two tubes containing cables to my rudder. This has led me two consider eliminating the "snorkle tube/cable" system of turning the water rudder , back to the original factory system of a push rod (modified with o ring where it passes thru top of hull) on a shaft to the water rudder.
of course the russ method of a stern thruster eliminates those holes altogether
until then, i have decided that i will park my seawind on any beaches with potential for tide with the nose of the aircraft facing seaward if i am going to be ashore more than an hour or two. My current system involves an anchor out front for the bow and a line from the stern to the beach. Tides in my part of maryland are seldon more than about three feet, but it is amazing how fast they come and go sometimes.
it has been my understanding, that once in the water, the water in the tail flows toward the bilge pump, which means you have to taxi in the water until no water is seen exiting the aircraft. Whether this is true fully loaded with a more aft CG, i do not know.
02-19-2012, 03:27 PM
On the thread of bilge pumps: planemarkers helped me swap out all my afte floor inspection covers with clear lexan covers. now, a quick peak verifies if there's water in the bilge. I once made the unfortunate assumption that the bilge was doing its thing, only later to discover a broken zip tie had clogged the bilge pump.
for whatever its worth, i've had my Seawind on a mooring (14' water) for five nights with no problems. My water rudder's (Craig Easter design?) up-cable allows a small amount of water in when I'm in afte CG config, but when the plane is empty, the cable hole is above the waterline (99% certain). I can't definitively say that the bilge pump doesnt kick on several times at night, but it's worked well so far, although I'd like to see if Planemakers can help me move that cable up just a bit further or waterproof the hole. I hate allowing any water, especially saltwater.
Russ, excellent idea with the electric thruster! Please keep up your posts.
02-22-2012, 01:27 PM
Dean | aft bilge pump
Russ, my w/r is electric with sealed compartments on both sides. pump is in center section with weep holes (ala lake amphib) any water leaking from bushings or by compression of tail under water which forces water up over bulkheads in tail section ends up in bilge pump. Dean
08-13-2012, 03:52 PM
Rusty | Lightweight "bilgepump"
You guys are scaring me--makes me want to fill the whole tailcone w/ foam and taped over beer cans. (Beer cans light as foam?--better check that.)
The "bilgepump" on my first boat was a 1/2" thru hull fitting connected to tubing that arced up above the waterline and back down to the bottom on the inside. Planing @ 25mph kept it dry down to the 1/8" gap.
Since "ugly" doesn't bother me much, I plan to mount my water rudder on the outside like any floatplane--do what I can to make it not too offensive to look at.
08-13-2012, 04:54 PM
Tom Saccio | Water in the bilge
Although I get water in my bilge just like all of us do, I think I solved the problem of water coming in through the cable tubes for the water rudder. I took some dense foam, bigger then the tube holes, sliced it half way down the middle and stuck it in both tubes. As the cable moves back and forth it creates a grove where the cable goes through. Any water going into the tube is blocked from entering into the hull through those tubes. It seems to work quite well.
08-14-2012, 03:56 PM
Tom, I think I understand what you're describing... but if its not too late (sealed up that aft-bulkhead) could you post a picture of the foam in the "tubes"? On my water rudder setup, I've got a metal grommet where the stainless rudder cable penetrates. In the picture I've attached - excuse the heavy grease - there doesn't appear to be enough room for foam inside that grommet.
08-14-2012, 08:57 PM
Tom Saccio | Rudder tubes
What you did is similar to what I did. only you used Metal. I took a circular piece of dense rubber cut it slightly larger then the tube, sliced it to slip over the cable and stuffed it in the hole. When the cable moves the rubber does not stop the cable from moving but seals the hole. If water does get in the tube the rubber stops it from going into the fuselage. I put two pieces of rubber in each tube as a precaution. If you need a picture please let me know.
08-15-2012, 06:15 AM
Got it! Thanks. | <urn:uuid:7048ff5a-3c69-4960-832c-ae0e59575adc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.seawindpilots.com/old-forum/fuselage/bilge-pump | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.950111 | 1,448 | 1.726563 | 2 |
In February of 2018, paleontologists discovered the fossil of an unknown species of ankylosaur dinosaur in the Chilean Patagonia. Like other members of the Ankylosauria group of herbivore dinosaurs, this species would’ve been a bulky quadruped. With short, powerful limbs and armor in the form of bony osteoderms. However, unlike other ankylosaurs, this one apparently had a tail a lot like an Aztec sword-club.
Live Science reported on the new species of ankylosaurus, which its discoverers have dubbed Stegouros elengassen. Aside from standing as a new species of ankylosaurus, S. elengassen is also the most complete dinosaur fossil that’s ever appeared in Chile. Indeed, even “a milestone” paleontological discovery for the country.
“It was a great surprise,” Chilean paleontologist, Sergio Soto-Acuña from the University of Chile, told the scientific news agency of the Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology, SINC. Soto-Acuña is the co-lead author on a study outlining S. elengassen published in the journal Nature. He also added that he and his colleagues did not expect to find the remains of an ankylosaur in the southernmost tip of the country.
Its discoverers found the fossil of S. elengassen in Cretaceous period rocks. These rocks date back to somewhere between 71 and 75 million years ago. The fossil remains n good condition, with approximately 80% of the extinct dino’s fossilized bones still intact. However, it’s more intact from the waist down. According to speculation by co-lead Alexander Vargas, this anomaly may have occurred because the dinosaur trapped itself in quicksand. The quicksand may have preserved the bones.
The paleontologists now have the 6.5-foot-long dinosaur pegged as a “transitional” ankylosaur. Soto-Acuña et al. note that the split of Pangea into the northern supercontinent Laurasia and southern supercontinent Gondwana between 201 million and 145 million years ago split Ankylosauria as well. It led to ankylosaurs with paired spikes or clubs on their tails in the north. However, in the south, the extant lineage had more slender limbs, lighter bony armor, and a relatively underdeveloped tail.
Speaking of which, Vargas told Live Science that S. elengassen‘s tail appeared similar to a macuahuitl; that is, a sword-club that Aztec military forces commonly used. Indeed, the new dino species’ tail does look somewhat like a macuahuitl with its large, flat osteoderms. Plus, it seems about the right length too. Which kind of makes us wonder if some other S. elengassen fossils in the region could’ve inspired the weapons? Nature makes for a great muse when it comes to making deadly things, after all. | <urn:uuid:ddc8b792-0357-4be1-806f-c90f62283fa9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nerdist.com/article/new-dinosaur-species-aztec-sword-club-tail/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.938845 | 649 | 3.609375 | 4 |
A camp is a great place for your kids to make new friends and learn new things while having new fun. Below are some great benefits for kids attending summer camp.
An Opportunity to Give Back
Community service camps are a great way to give your kids a chance to make a difference and give back to their communities, as well as learn the skills they will use throughout that lifetime. In community service camps, your children will spend their days helping others, making them feel great, and creating a greater understanding of community and kinship.
An Opportunity to Make New Friends
As you get older, adding new friends to your life is invaluable and enriches your life at any age. Some of the children who go to the same camp every year have the opportunity to meet old friends and make new memories. For other children, this is their first time at camp, and they are not only able to support their social skills, but they also interact with people outside of their school as well as new people their age. Staying close to people's ages and doing fun activities can help kids do it faster.
An Opportunity to Learn New Things
If your child goes camping to learn more about horses or a special sport, they will have more time to immerse themselves in the whole day, week, or various activities that focus on their interests. Your child may find a new passion that did not exist before he knew it, and it can be helpful in their life outside of camp.
An Opportunity to Develop a New Hobby
When your child is not distracted by TV, video games, or smartphones, they can redirect their attention to developing a hobby creatively. These days, you may find a camp for your interests. There are animal lovers, athletes, kids, girl scout camps, boy scout camps, and camps ... the list goes on!
Get to Stay Active
Gone are the days when your child spent their entire summer in front of the screen. When your child goes camping, they forget their smartphones and video games for a long time, and they choose to do fun activities like making new friends, hiking, bike riding, or swimming, depending on it.
If you are interested in enrolling your child in camp, look no further than Vaughan Sportsplex. Our 80,000 square feet facility will be used for your child to play indoor soccer, and so much more! It’s never a boring day at our day camp. Register today! | <urn:uuid:fef1fa4d-0ae1-4ca0-a9b2-6061413ab2cd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://educatorpages.com/site/Vaughan/pages/5-great-benefits-for-kids-attending-camp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.964984 | 497 | 2.203125 | 2 |
As a business owner, it is common to always look for ways to capitalize on current trends to increase your sales and your profile in your industry. One of the biggest trends in business today is cryptocurrency, especially Bitcoin. Countries are even beginning to adopt Bitcoin as their legal currency, with El Salvador being the first to do so, according to bitcoin news.
Because cryptocurrency services have so much power in financial systems, companies have no choice but to adapt their methods to retain and grow their customer base. As it has become a more conventional form of payment for many customers, especially the younger ones, you, as an entrepreneur, may wonder if it is the right time for your company to accept cryptocurrencies, given inflation. | <urn:uuid:39f73e71-016c-458d-9ce7-0092fc1ea0f6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://animabarda.com/2021/12/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.97411 | 142 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Frequency vs Relative Frequency
Frequency and relative frequency are two concepts that are discussed in physics and related subjects. Frequency is the number of occurrences per unit type. Relative frequency is the frequency of an event with respect to another. Both of these concepts are fairly important in the understanding of waves and vibrations and various other fields in physics and statistics. In this article, we are going to discuss what frequency and relative frequency are, their definitions, applications, similarities, and finally the difference between frequency and relative frequency.
Frequency is a concept discussed in periodic motions of objects. To understand the concept of frequency, a proper understanding of periodic motions is required. A periodic motion can be considered as any motion that repeats itself in a fixed time period. A planet revolving around the sun is a periodic motion. A satellite orbiting around the earth is a periodic motion too, and even the motion of a balance ball set is a periodic motion. Most of the periodic motions we encounter are circular, linear or semi-circular.
A periodic motion has a frequency, which means how “frequent” the event recurs. For simplicity, we take frequency as the occurrences per second. Periodic motions can either be uniform or non-uniform. A uniform periodic motion can have a uniform angular velocity. Functions such as amplitude modulation can have double periods. They are periodic functions encapsulated in other periodic functions. The inverse of the frequency of the periodic motion gives the time for a period.
Simple harmonic motions and damped harmonic motions are also periodic motions. Thereby the frequency of a periodic motion can also be obtained using the time difference between two similar occurrences. The frequency of a simple pendulum only depends on the length of the pendulum and the gravitational acceleration for small oscillations.
Frequency is also discussed in statistics. The absolute frequency is the number of times an event is repeated over a given time or over a unit time.
Relative frequency is the frequency of an event with respect to another event. Relative frequency is a concept discussed under statistics. Statistically, relative frequency is the number of occurrences of event 1 when total events are normalized.
The statistical process has absolute frequencies and relative frequencies. When a set of absolute frequencies is normalized, each value corresponding to the original absolute frequency value is the relative frequency of the system.
What is the difference between Frequency and Relative Frequency?
• Frequency is a topic discussed in statistic and physics, whereas relative frequency is discussed only in statistics.
• The summation of frequencies can take any value for a given statistical problem, but the summation of relative frequencies is equal to 1.
• Relative frequency can take any value, but relative frequency can take values only between 0 and 1. | <urn:uuid:f5f685fc-8291-4d98-9fb1-d146ccdb384f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-frequency-and-vs-relative-frequency/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.92227 | 563 | 4.125 | 4 |
A human resource certification equips candidates with a gamut of skills. These skills need to excel in an HR role. Some HR certifications focus on offering a wholistic understanding, while a few cover niche skills required to excel in a specialist role. For instance, talent management certifications offered by Talent Management Institute (TMI) focus on equipping candidates with talent management skills which include acquisition, delivery, and retention of talent, while HR certifications from Human Resources Certification Institute (HRCI) focus on equipping candidates with skills to excel at learning and development, employee relations, leadership, and more. Certifications from World at Work focus on instilling skills that help HR professionals to do well in compensation and benefits. Earning these certifications gives candidates an edge over other candidates. HRCI, TMI, and World at Work offer some best HR certifications.
HR certifications come for all levels of experience – beginner, intermediate, and advance. If you’re a fresh graduate, a beginner level certification will open job opportunities for you. For professionals with 2- 5 years of experience, intermediate and specialist certification will help in salary growth and promotion. Advanced certifications will help candidates to find more challenging roles in their careers.
All in all, if you’re thinking about taking an HR certification, rest assured that it is one of the best decisions you could make. Earning a certification takes effort and time, so it’s not just another frivolous task, but a worthwhile investment. Hiring managers are constantly flipping through resumes to fill open positions. A certification earned with hard work and determination is a great way to catch their attention and stand out from other applicants.
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- CRT-402 | Salesforce CRT-402 exam | CRT-402 exam questions | CRT-402 exam dumps | CRT-402 braindumps | CRT-402 practice test | CRT-402 actual questions | CRT-402 pdf demo | <urn:uuid:347b0552-7b30-4cea-91be-099bd3bbc45c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.guest-articles.com/education/boost-career-growth-with-hr-certification--10-06-2020 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.914057 | 458 | 1.71875 | 2 |
You have probably read countless articles on the importance and impact that reading has for students. Among the obvious advantages like building vocabulary, enhancing comprehension and providing in depth knowledge, there are also intrinsic values such as mental stimulation and relaxation! But how does reading, specially from a younger age, help pave the way to a good college?
I had a chance to correspond with Nancy Griesemer from College Explorations and here are the ones that have the biggest impact from reading books!
Many of the college applications are now curating questions in their supplemental essays that focus on a central theme. Reading.
Columbia University in their 2018-19 supplemental essay asked to ‘list the titles of books read for pleasure that you enjoyed most in the past year’.
Stanford similarly probed students interests and reading habits by asking, ‘When the choice is yours, what do you read, listen to or watch?’
Harvard also in their optional essays asks potential students to list ‘A list of books you have read in the past 12 months’
Keeping this in mind, It is imperative that students build up their reading repertoire and arm themselves with good books from a variety of genres. Keeping a record of what they have read would be beneficial, perhaps with a list of favorite authors or favorite books. Students can do this easily on many online websites such as ‘Good reads’ or even pen this in a reading journal.
Nancy Griesemer says in one of her articles ‘ Colleges not only care that you read, they also care what you are reading as well as what you have learned from the experience.’
A better reader makes a better writer. Once a student explores different genres in reading, he will enhance his writing skills in more ways than one. Nancy goes on to say ‘ Writing goes hand-in-hand with reading. One strengthens the other. Today’s high school students don’t always engage in research or think about preparing an article for submission to a journal. I strongly suggest reinforcing writing skills to support reading abilities ‘
Essays are now required by most Colleges as part of their application process. Not only does this showcase the writing skills of the student but it also gives them the opportunity to tell their unique story and make their voice heard.
When a student pursues outside reading (books outside the assigned reading list) he will come across issues and causes that he can relate to and is passionate about. This will eventually translate to being able to write a personal statement that can make him stand out.
Improved Academics & Scores
This almost goes without saying, but reading can help a student power through SAT and ACT suggested vocabulary lists because chances are they have come across those words before. What’s more, when they are tested, most words are asked in context. That means the students need to know how to use it in a sentence. Just memorizing words will not get you there entirely. That’s where reading comes in!
In her article Nancy says, ‘You can pay thousands of dollars to the best test prep company in town, but nothing improves test scores like being an active reader. And those students who didn’t stop reading in middle school are bound to be more successful test-takers.’
The rigour of AP/IB courses requires an extensive amount of reading and comprehending texts in a short amount of time. When students push their reading level above and beyond that is needed, they will see the results in their academic grades.
These three only touch the surface of the advantages of reading for college admissions. But they are fundamental ones! Reading throughout middle school and high school is imperative for a student to reap this advantage.
Thanks for reading. If you feel like this could benefit someone, please don’t hesitate to share and drop me your thoughts! | <urn:uuid:924d2898-a080-4ee6-9355-e06f918f0c4c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://anintrovertedblogger.com/2019/03/11/reading-paving-the-way-to-college/?replytocom=1674 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.965803 | 798 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Islam Revival - Part 1 - ISLAMIC BELIEFS
Dr. Robert Ernest Hume, in his book The World's Living Religions, defines the names "Islam" and "Muslim" for us:
The name which the founder himself used for designating this faith expresses exactly the central principle—"Islam," meaning "submission" to God. Another word derived from the same Arabic verbal root is the participle, "Muslim"... which is used as a technical term to designate "those who submit."17
The main tenets of Islam are listed as "articles of faith." I will discuss them here in the order that most Islamic sources give, although the Qur'an itself does not specify any sequential order.
1. God (Allah)
The Qur'an has many beautiful passages describing the varied attributes of God. However, the most important single quality that the Qur'an stresses when speaking of God is His absolute unity. The term for the opposite of the unity of God is called "shirk" in the Qur'an: this is asserting that others share God's attributes or that He has a partner. This is such a detestable sin that it is considered unforgivable.18
Whoever joins other gods with God,—
God will forbid him
The Garden, and the Fire
Will be his adobe. There will
For the wrong-doers
Be no one to help.
They do blaspheme who say:
God is one of three
In a Trinity: for there is
No god except One God.
(Qur'an 5:75- 76)19
Concerning this, Alhaj A.D. Ajijola, the former Attorney General of Nigeria, wrote that, "The greatest service Islam rendered to humanity was the exaltation and purification of the concept of God. Islam strove to deliver humanity from a multiplicity of gods on the one hand and from incarnationism on the other and to bring man back to the Unseen God."20
Islam, like Christianity, believes in the existence of angels, though some of the qur'anic teaching on this differs from that of the Bible. In Islam angels are intelligent creatures who have been created of light, do not possess free will, and have a multitude of duties to fulfill. "They are sent to protect men, to administer God's punishments, to carry His messages, and to perform various other functions."21 Each human being has two angels who list all of his or her deeds, both good and bad, to be brought forth on The Day of Judgment.22
Besides angels God has created, according to the Qur'an, other beings called jinn. They are intelligent, sentient creatures, possess freedom of choice, and are able to propagate their species. Some are good and others are evil. "According to Islam, Satan (Iblis or Shaytan) and his kind are jinn (not fallen angels) to whom God gave leave to try to tempt man, to lure him away from submission and obedience to Him."23
3. The Scriptures
The Qur'an mentions in various places
that God had previously sent down revelations or Scriptures to man. The Qur'an says that God "sent down the Law (Of Moses) and the Gospel (Of Jesus) before this," that is, before the Qur'an.24 It states elsewhere that God gave the Psalms to David. These three revelations are called the Taurat (Torah), the Zabur (Psalms), and the Injil (Gospel).
However, the Qur'an is believed to be God's final and complete revelation to man. For Muslims it supersedes these previous Scriptures in beauty, depth, and authority.
4. The Prophets
The Arabic word "rasul" means "one who is sent" or "a messenger," and the word "nabi" means "one who carries information or proclaims news...." There is no implication of "prophecy" or knowledge of future events in the word "prophet" as used in the Islamic sense.25
The Qur'an enjoins every true Muslim to believe in and honor all of the prophets of God. According to Alhaj A.D. Ajijola, "The number of the apostles of God is said to be more than a hundred thousand but 25 of them are more important than the others and these are distinctly mentioned in the Holy Qur'an."26 These 25 consist mostly of the Old Testament patriarchs, prophets, and kings, with only three coming from the New Testament (Zacharias, John the Baptist, and Jesus). It is interesting to note that of the non-biblical prophets two who are accepted by many Muslims are Alexander the Great and Aesop (of Aesop's Fables).27
There are many places in the Qur'an where stories of Old Testament personages are given, though oftentimes changed from the biblical accounts.28 Nowhere, however, are there more differences between the Qur'an and the Bible than in the sections speaking of Jesus. His proper name in the Qur'an is Isa, perhaps coming from "the Syriac Yeshu which derived it from the Hebrew Yeshua."29 He is always spoken of in the Qur'an with great respect and honor, as are all of the prophets of God. Indeed, when referring to any of these prophets the Muslim will always add a phrase of respect, such as "Jesus, peace be on him."
In the Qur'an three surahs are named after references to Jesus, and He is spoken of in 15 surahs (93 verses) altogether. The Qur'an has much to say about Jesus, but the one thing that it emphasizes more than anything else is that He was only a man, a messenger of God, not the Son of God, or God in human flesh.
O People of the Book!
Commit no excesses
In your religion; nor say
Of God ought but the truth.
Christ Jesus the son of Mary
Was (no more than)
An apostle of God,
And His Word.
The Jews call 'Uzair a son
of God, and the Christians
Call Christ the Son of God.
That is a saying from their mouth;
(In this) they but imitate
What the unbelievers of old
Used to say. God's curse
Be on them: how they are deluded
away from the truth!
Orthodox Muslims maintain that Jesus did not die on the cross, believing instead that another person was substituted for Him, and that He was taken up bodily into Heaven by God. Most Muslims also believe that He will "come again at the last day, slay anti-Christ, kill all the swine, break the Cross and remove the poll tax from infidels. He will reign as a just King for 45 years, marry and leave children, then die and be buried near Mohammad at Medina."31
Of course all Muslims believe that Muhammad was the greatest apostle and prophet of all, being the messenger of God's final revelation. Maulvi Muhammad Ali states, in a footnote within his translation of The Holy Qur'an, that the "excellence of the Holy Prophet over other prophets was... immeasurable."32 The Qur'an states that:
Muhammad is not
The father of any
Of your men, but (he is)
The Apostle of God,
And the Seal of the Prophets.
5. The Hereafter
All orthodox Muslims believe in the resurrection of the dead, a terrible "Day of Judgment," the existence of hell with eternal punishment for all non-believers, and in Heaven, where true believers will exist forever in a garden of beauty and joy.
Concerning the sometimes very sensual descriptions of heaven that we find in the Qur'an, J.N.D. Anderson, a Christian who is a renowned expert on Islam,33 believes that "it is only fair to add that the sensual delights of paradise are interpreted in metaphorical terms by more spiritually-minded Muslims."34 This is confirmed by looking at the comments on these verses by both Maulvi Muhammad Ali and Yusuf Ali in their own translations of the Qur'an.35 However, as we read the verses, letting them speak for themselves, these descriptions appear to speak of very literal rewards for the righteous.
In them will be (Maidens),
Chaste, restraining their glances,
Whom no man or Jinn
Before them has touched;—
Then which of the favours
Of your Lord will ye deny?—
And We shall join them
To Companions, with beautiful,
Big and lustrous eyes.
Samuel M. Zwemer, the Christian church's greatest missionary to the Muslims and a man who lived almost his entire life among them, comments on this, and then quotes from a revered Muslim scholar:
What commentators say on these texts is often unfit for translation. The orthodox interpretation is literal, and so was that of Mohammad, because the traditions give minute particulars of the sanitary laws of Heaven, as well as of its sexual delights. According to Al Ghazzali (AH 450), Mohammad said: "The believer in Paradise will marry 500 houris,37 4,000 virgins and 8,000 divorced women" Al Ghazzali is one of the greatest theologians of Islam, and no orthodox Muslim would dispute his statement."38
And finally, salvation in Islam is based on good works, primarily on the true repentance of one's sins and fasting. Suzanne Haneef sums it up: "The Living and Merciful God is able to and does forgive sins if repentance is sincere, and every human soul has direct access to...His forgiveness without any intermediary or intercessor whatever. Consequently there is no need for a Savior, and in any case God Most High alone can save."39
6. The Divine Decree
The last article of faith pertains to the total sovereignty of God. Since He is all-powerful and controls all things then "Nothing can take place without His ordaining it, nor is there such a thing as a random, chance event."40
Now surely Allah makes err
whom He pleases
and guides aright
whom He pleases.41
Concerning this "Divine Decree" Al Ghazzali wrote the following:
He willeth also the unbelief of the unbeliever and the irreligion of the wicked and, without that will, there would neither be unbelief nor irreligion. All we do we do by His will: what He willeth not does not come to pass....In creating unbelievers, in willing that they should remain in that state; in making serpents, scorpions and pigs: in willing, in short, all that is evil, God has wise ends in view which it is not necessary that we should know.42
Thus in Islam God is the author of both good and evil. Muslims loudly deny the biblical doctrines of the fall and original sin, leaving them with no other alternative than that which we have just seen.
- Hits: 18523 | <urn:uuid:824ecbae-10bc-470a-ad9d-758593da86eb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.arabicbible.com/for-christians/revival/1355-islam-revival-part-1.html?start=2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.947812 | 2,387 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Since at least 2016, China has been creating a “smart court” system, intending to improve the “fairness, efficiency, and credibility” of its judges. Now, China is using AI to correct court rulings forcing judges to submit a written explanation to the machine if they disagree.
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By suggesting laws, drafting documents, and alerting judges to “perceived human errors” in verdicts, China is employing artificial intelligence to “improve” its judicial system.
In a report on the system released this week, Beijing’s Supreme Court stated that judges must now formally consult the AI on every case, and if they choose to deviate from its decision, they must provide a written justification.
Additionally, the AI has been given access to police databases and China’s Orwellian social credit system, giving it the authority to penalize individuals, including by immediately listing a thief’s property for sale online.
Beijing has praised the new technology for “a significant contribution to the judicial advancement of human civilisation,” but critics claim it runs the risk of ushering in a time when machines govern the planet.
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Since Chief Justice Qiang Zhou called for the use of technology to enhance the “fairness, efficiency, and credibility” of the legal system at least as far back as 2016, China has begun constructing a “smart court” system.
This required installing robotic receptionists in courthouses to provide online legal assistance, automatic voice recognition recorders in courtrooms to do away with transcription needs, and “virtual courtrooms” where cases could be heard online.
A highly specialized “internet court” that only handles cases involving the virtual world, like online loans, domain name disputes, and copyright issues, has even been established in China.
It has resulted in the development of sizable databases into which data on every case is uploaded at a rate of approximately 100,000 per day.
In order to learn from these cases and then generate judgments and suggestions for new laws based on what it discovers, artificial intelligence has now been integrated into such databases.
This implies the AI is now making choices on behalf of judges who must explain themselves if they want to override it instead of just gathering facts.
The South China Morning Post says that an AI prosecutor has even begun charging individuals in Shanghai with crimes it thinks they are responsible for.
Additionally, by integrating the AI with China’s social credit system, it will be able to punish offenders, such as preventing them from buying train or airline tickets if they refuse to pay a fine.
Professor of law at the China University of Political Science and Law, Zhang Linghan, cautioned that the rapid development of AI raises the possibility of a future in which machines reign over people.
In a document that was recently posted online, she asserted that “humans will gradually lose free will with an increasing dependency on technology.”
She continued, “we must be alert to the erosion of judicial power by technology companies and capital.” | <urn:uuid:d91bf418-6b44-4be2-9877-b676d510dcf9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://greatgameindia.com/ai-court-rulings/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.942082 | 749 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Whose Land Is It Anyway? Audiobook premiere June 21 @ NuxalkRadio.com
Whose Land is it Anyway? A Manual For Decolonization - Audiobook Premiere
Sunday, June 21, 2020 - 9:00am PDT and again 1:00pm & 7:00pm PDT
91.1 FM in Bella Coola + streaming online at: NuxalkRadio.com
Nuxalk Radio will broadcast premiere the audiobook: Whose Land Is It Anyway? A Manual for Decolonization on Sunday, June 21st on 91.1 FM in Bella Coola and worldwide online on NuxalkRadio.com at the following times:
- 9am PT / 12pm ET
- 1pm PT / 4pm ET
- 7pm PT / 10pm ET
Post-Secondary Educators’ Union Partners with Indigenous Academics, Authors, to Bring Message of Decolonization to More Audiences
This National Indigenous History Month, a BC post-secondary union has partnered with Indigenous radio station Nuxalk Radio to promote Indigenous voices.
As an overdue conversation about systemic racism is taking place in Canada, more Canadians are asking how they can help. For those wondering how to get started, there are now new ways to learn from Indigenous scholars from across the country with the release of an audio version of Whose Land Is It Anyway? A Manual for Decolonization.
“This handbook is essential reading for settlers in so-called Canada,” says Nuxalk Radio Station Manager Banchi Hanuse. “It is a powerful and beautiful affirmation of what the original caretakers of these lands have always known. Now in audiobook form, this collection of voices serves as a reminder that the more we understand Indigenous Nationhood and Indigenous Peoples’ inherent rights to the land, the healthier we and the earth can become in our shared existence.”
Whose Land Is It Anyway? A Manual for Decolonization provides a variety of Indigenous perspectives on the history of colonialism, current Indigenous activism and resistance, and outlines the path forward to reconciliation. Originally released as a free e-book, the audio version features renowned Indigenous writers Taiaiake Alfred, Glen Coulthard, Russell Diabo, Beverly Jacobs, Melina Laboucan-Massimo, Kanahus Manuel, Jeffrey McNeil-Seymour, Pamela Palmater, Shiri Pasternak, Nicole Schabus, Senator Murray Sinclair, and Sharon Venne. The late Arthur Manuel’s writings are read by his grandson, Mahekan Anderson.
“There is a long history of racism and violence against Indigenous people in this province or country,” said FPSE President Terri Van Steinburg. “But most Canadians continue to think of this as something that has happened in the past, despite the ongoing discrimination towards Indigenous people by the state, corporations, and members of the general public. You only need to think back to January of this year when Maxwell Johnson and his granddaughter were arrested for trying to open a bank account to know that racism against Indigenous people exists and continues to this day. Words cannot demonstrate the commitment of Canadians to end systemic racism, only actions can. I hope that people will use the book or audio resource as a beginning for their anti-racism journey.”
You can hear authors read their contributions in Whose Land Is It Anyway? A Manual for Decolonization on Nuxalk Radio on Sunday June 21st. Beginning June 22, they will also be available through the FPSE website (fpse.ca/decolonization-manual) and through Apple Podcasts and Google Play.
Nicole Seguin, FPSE | email@example.com
1. Preface – Bev Sellars (7:55)
2. It’s All about the Land - Taiaiake Alfred (8:22)
3. Crown Title: A Legal Lie - Sharon Venne (7:02)
4. From Dispossession to Dependency - Arthur Manuel (7:30)
5. The Indian Act: The Foundation of Colonialism in Canada - Russell Diabo (8:22)
6. The Grassroots Struggle: Defenders of the Land & Idle No More - Arthur Manuel (6:00)
7. Blockade: A Meeting Place of Law - Shiri Pasternak (6:13)
8. Lessons from Wesahkecahk - Melina Laboucan-Massimo (10:28)
9. Decolonization: The Frontline Struggle - Kanahus Manuel (9:08)
10. Decolonizing the Violence against Indigenous Women - Beverly Jacobs (11:08)
11. Two-Spirit Resistance - Jeffrey McNeil-Seymour (11:22)
12. Dechinta Bush University: Land-Based Education and Indigenous Resurgence - Glen Coulthard (8:59)
13. Going International to Decolonize - Nicole Schabus (9:16)
14. From the 2017 Convocation Speech - Senator Murray Sinclair (10:51)
15. Decolonization Is Taking Back Our Power - Pamela Palmater (13:38)
= 2 hours 26 mins | <urn:uuid:51f4e631-e13e-4380-be1b-40faab1dfd19> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mediacoop.ca/newsrelease/36993 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.87224 | 1,101 | 1.609375 | 2 |
“I am a rescuer of stories hidden among the ordinary. I give these stories voice as a template to inspire others with untold stories so that they will know the satisfaction of rescuing their own stories.” – Nancy Cullen
This BLOG began as a place I could record and share stories. Stories stemming from four areas outlined on THE STONEBRIDGE About page. This is my version of a Sacred Bundle, a practice began by my father.
Capturing, or as I like to say, rescuing, stories from our thoughts, memories, and obscurity is a learned skill. There are processes, template frameworks, and yes, a bit of discipline involved. These are not apparent but run in the background like a good operating system in a computer.
Although, not complex, nonetheless they must be identified and adapted to your own style. Once in place, becoming a hero at rescuing stories feels natural.
My Hero Model Template
My father was a quiet example of a story rescuer. His method was quite simple, as were the tools he used:
- his thoughts and observations
- a quiet place to think and write,
- a manual typewriter.
My tools are the same, except I have replaced the typewriter and paper with a laptop and this BLOG.
Dad wrote during quiet hours in the office at “The Shop”, his place of business where he sold new and used auto parts. He stored his writing in a dark blue vinyl satchel. Occasionally he would let one of us read these musings.
Find Your Personal Why
How can you become a Hero At Rescuing Your Valuable Stories? First, define why rescuing stories is important, then why it is important to you. This is a great assist to not only begin, but to remain consistent when life conspires to derail your efforts.
The “why”, for me, arrives from either discovering some delightful piece of information lost or losing a significant person in my life, then realizing how much passed with them.
An example of the former was an entry in the family bible about my maternal great-great grandfather’s journey from Germany to Kansas. It was discovering a piece of my own history.
Of course, the loss of a person from this earth is sorrowful, but the loss of their stories for lack of recording only adds to that sorrow. Taking the time to write these things down is a way to preserve their legacy.
There are many “whys’ in rescuing stories. Find yours.
Your Hero Model
Second, think about what kind of stories you want to record. Your personal observations of daily life, family events or conversations, or even the story behind particular objects and what they represent.
For instance, a collection of seashells. Where were they collected? What was the occasion? Who were you with?
Third, assemble your own simple tool kit. Decide a time, place, and means where these rescued stories will be recorded and stored. Look for ways to fit into your life routine, for example:
- Use a voice recorder during your daily commute or walk
- Journal each morning, evening, or even once a week, with thoughts and details on your chosen topic
- Catch ideas as they fly by on a digital voice recording or App such as Evernote or OneNote
A Place To Start
Below is a template, an aid in deciding what kind of stories to rescue along with some suggested ways to begin “storing” them.
I inherited Dad’s writings, and have compiled them into a book. It is an example of what is possible with humble tools. It can be viewed and purchased by clicking on this link.
What kind of story will you rescue this week? Please share in the comments | <urn:uuid:69445f94-4b62-4866-b8a0-ef40c4956421> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nancyhancock-cullen.com/a-simple-three-step-template-to-write-that-special-story/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.968312 | 783 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Kids Play Sand - Art Toys Sensory Creative Play
Get the upper sand when it comes to early learning and watch worries trickle away with Jaques’ sand art! Simply pick a playful pattern from the selection provided, choose your arty instruments, source your striking sandy paints and begin creating your mini-masterpiece! Slip into a soothing sensory experience as you explore colours, textures and shapes calmly and creatively!
Kids play sand is part of an exciting family of innovative art toys that increase well-being and encourage self-expression: filling kids with confidence and a sense of independence as they experiment and create. Kids arts and crafts help to develop essential fine motor skills such as hand-eye coordination and dexterity. Learning to grip tools and test inspired techniques also supports your toddlers' cognitive function: increasing concentration and problem-solving skills. Toy sand is a playful way to relieve stress or anxiety, reinforcing feelings of positivity and happiness. All in all, we think you will agree this unique style of self-expression is pretty sandy!
- 10 playful designs to capture imaginations
- 12 vibrant sand paints in multiple colours and shades
- 1 paintbrush
- 1 plastic carving tool
- Made using non-toxic materials and water-based solutions
- Versatile and easy to use/hold.
- Toy arts help the development of creativity and imagination.
- Promotes positive mental health.
- Supports the growth of cognitive, multisensory and fine motor skills.
Quality you can trust - Here at Jaques, bringing fun and education to the family is at the heart of everything we do. Our family-run business has been busy cultivating some of the world's favourite family toys and games for over 227 years. We aim to inspire creativity by igniting little imaginations, helping you to create magical memories that last a lifetime. We are always delighted to deliver excitement to your door. Your colourful sand art will arrive beautifully wrapped in our recognised ribbon packaging. | <urn:uuid:3b778bfb-4aec-46fa-a38b-6395e4222e67> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jaqueslondon.co.uk/products/sand-art | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.916699 | 401 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Pride of Madeira (Echium candicans or Echium fastuosum) is a rapidly growing tropical or tender perennial/biennial shrub from the borage family (boraginaceae) that grows up to eight feet in full sun; another species found on campus is Tower of Jewels (Echium wildpretii). These somewhat tender natives of Madeira and the Canary Islands can only survive temperaturesdown to 30° Fahrenheit, need summer days with high heat and do well in poor, dry soils. Sounds like a perfect Davis pairing! In their natural habitat they grow on windswept limestone outcrops. The striking blooms of these drought- and deer-tolerant evergreen make it attractive to bees, butterflies and/or birds. Either of these Echiums propagate from cuttings or seed and make a bold addition to any xeric landscape.
Pride of Madeira is a large evergreen shrub-like woody perennial with small white or purple blossoms in dense 20" long cone shaped clusters; this plant flowers through spring and ends by the start of summer in Davis. Long, silver-haired leaves are held at the ends of this multi-branched bush. Pride of Madeira has completed its flowering by June in Davis, leaving only the green spires... these should be removed and the entire plant cut back hard before winter.
Tower of Jewels spreads just about three feet wide, forming a dense basal rosette of silver green foliage its first year, and elongating during its second spring to create a six- to twelve-foot tower of jewels. Hundreds of coral pink flowers cover the spike by late spring, about three weeks after Pride of Madeira has spent its last blossom.
Note: Handling Echiums may cause skin irritation or allergic reaction from contact with the hairy leaves.
Echiums have been spotted northeast of Wellman Hall as well as on the western end of Hoagland Hall, in front of Storer Hall, by the Sciences Laboratory Building, and in the Arboretum. For a listing of other plants found growing in Davis, visit our Town Flora. | <urn:uuid:1fec9ae0-ae0b-4e58-924a-f4dad77174e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://daviswiki.org/Pride_of_Madeira | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.942861 | 446 | 2.453125 | 2 |
You can make an Apple tvOS app accessible, so that when the VoiceOver feature is enabled, the screen contents are read aloud.
This topic provides information specific to Apple tvOS. Start with Accessibility to learn how accessibility works in You.i React Native.
To learn more about VoiceOver on tvOS, see Use VoiceOver on Apple TV.
The VoiceOver rotor is a touch control that lets you choose options by rotating two fingers on the Touch surface of the Siri Remote. See Apple’s VoiceOver Guide for more information.
Only two rotor mechanisms are supported for tvOS: DirectTouch and Follow Focus. Depending on what rotor mechanism the user has selected, you’ll get different results.
With Follow Focus, when you swipe to move focus, the focus moves by one item, but with DirectTouch, swiping moves focus across multiple items. For more details, see VoiceOver on your Apple TV.
||Move to Next Item||One-finger swipe-right||Follow Focus or Direct Touch|
|Move to Previous Item||One-finger swipe-left||Follow Focus or Direct Touch|
|Move to Next Item Using Rotor Settings||One-finger swipe-down||Follow Focus or Direct Touch|
|Move to Previous Item Using Rotor Settings||One-finger swipe-up||Follow Focus or Direct Touch|
|Output||Read Whole Screen||Select button long-press||Follow Focus or Direct Touch|
||Select Previous Rotor Setting||Two-finger rotate-counterclockwise||Follow Focus or Direct Touch|
|Select Next Rotor Setting||Two-finger rotate-clockwise||Follow Focus or Direct Touch|
You.i React Native does not currently support the VoiceOver Speak Hints feature.
||Phrase - type out how the phrase should be pronounced|
|Ignore case (on/off)|
Annotate your app code to include appropriate labels or hints using
The following table provides recommended guidelines for the app code on the gestures and appropriate actions related to those gestures:
|Gestures||Recommended Actions for Video Player Controls|
|Swipe Up||Navigate between Video Player UI controls on tvOS|
|Swipe Down||Navigate between Video Player UI controls on tvOS|
|Tap on Scrubber||Select current position. Use one-finger swipe-up or swipe-down to adjust the value|
|Tap on Any Button||Select Play/Pause/Fast Forward 15 seconds/Rewind Video 15 seconds|
|Tap on Video||Select Video|
|Double Tap on Video||Toggle Video Player controls|
SiriRemoteClickRight. This issue does not occur when using the simulated remote. See also Working with the Input Module. | <urn:uuid:3593cfbb-98bd-4421-938c-1c01d9872336> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://developer.youi.tv/6.15/rn/develop/accessibility-apple-tvos/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.732435 | 670 | 2.015625 | 2 |
The 129-foot Burney Falls in northern California is one of the state’s most beautiful waterfalls.
The water does not simply pour over the top, rather the porous volcanic rock in the area encourages a dispersal of the water, resulting in multiple cascades that leap from the rock’s face along the entire height of the blue and white waterfall.
The most popular vantage point for viewing is from the base of the falls, but this area can be crowded in the summer as heat-weary visitors find refuge in the coolness.
A short loop trail allows visitors to explore both sides of the creek above and below the falls. However, if you are up for a larger hike try hiking a couple of miles of the Pacific Crest Trail, which passes next to the falls.
The campground can be very crowded in the summertime, and the visitors, not the quietest. If possible, try visiting during a down season or mid-week. | <urn:uuid:5a64901a-91f6-4c4c-8553-31620937b255> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.letsgoexploring.com/blog/2012/09/the-captivating-burney-falls/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.927475 | 200 | 1.796875 | 2 |
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Wiegand effect is a nonlinear magnetic effect, produced in specially annealled and hardened wire called Wiegand wire.
Wiegand wire is low-carbon Vicalloy, an alloy of cobalt, iron, and vanadium, which is ferromagnetic. Initially, the wire is fully annealled. In this state the alloy is "soft" in the magnetic sense - that is, it is attracted to magnets and so magnetic field lines will divert preferentially into the metal, but the metal retains only a very small residual field when the external field is removed.
During manufacture, to give the wire its unique magnetic properties, it is subjected to a series of twisting and untwisting operations, to cold-work the outside shell of the wire, while retaining a soft core within the wire, and then the wire is aged. The result is that the magnetic coercivity of the outside shell is much larger than the inner core. This high coercivity outer shell will retain an external magnetic field even when the field's original source is removed.
The wire now exhibits a very large magnetic hysteresis loop - if a magnet is brought near the wire, the high coercivityouter shell excludes the magnetic field from the inner soft core until the magnetic threshold is reached, at which point the entire wire (both the outer shell and inner core) rapidly switches magnetisation polarity. This switchover occurs in a few microseconds, and is termed the Wiegand effect.
The value of the Wiegand effect is that the switchover speed is sufficiently fast that a significant voltage can be outputfrom a solenoid using a Wiegand-wire core. Because the voltage induced by a changing magnetic field is proportional to therate of change of the field, a Wiegand-wire core can increase the output voltage of a magnetic field sensor by several ordersof magnitude as compared to a similar coil with a non-Wiegand core. This higher voltage can easily be detected electronically, andwhen combined with the high repeatability threshold of the magnetic field switching, making the Wiegand effect useful for positional sensors.
Once the Wiegand wire has flipped magnetization, it will retain that magnetization until flipped in the other direction. Sensors and mechanisms that use the Wiegand effect must take this retention into account.
The Wiegand effect is a macroscopic extension of the Barkhausen effect as the special treatment of the Wiegand wire causes thewire to act macroscopically as a single large magnetic domain. The small high-coercivity domains in the Wiegand wire outer shellswitch in an avalanche, generating the Wiegand effect's rapid magnetic field change.
Besides sensors, the Wiegand effect is used for security keycard door locks. The plastic keycard has a series of short lengths of Wiegand wire embedded in it, which encodes the key by the presence or absence of wires. A second track of wires provides a clock track. The card is read by pulling it through a slot in a reader device, which has a fixed magnetic field and a sensor coil. As each length of wire passes through the magnetic field, its magnetic state flips which indicates a 1, and this is sensed by the coil. The absence of a wire indicates a 0. The resulting Wiegand protocol digital code is then sent to a host controller to determine whether to electrically unlock the door.
Wiegand cards are more durable and difficult to counterfeit than barcode or magnetic stripe cards. Since the keycode is permanently set into the card at manufacture by the positions of the wires, Wiegand cards can't be erased by magnetic fields or reprogrammed as magnetic stripe cards can.
US Patent 3,820,090 - The original Wiegand patent
US Patent 4,247,601 - The patent on Vicalloy
- ^ Dlugos, David J. (May 1998). "Wiegand effect sensors: theory and applications". Sensors magazine. Questex Media Group. http://archives.sensorsmag.com/articles/0598/wie0598/index.htm.
- ^ Zac, Franken (Jan. 31, 2008). "Physical Access Control Systems". Black Hat 08 security conference. Washington DC: BlackHat.com. pp. 11. http://www.blackhat.com/presentations/bh-dc-08/Franken/Presentation/bh-dc-08-franken.pdf. Retrieved 2009-12-09. | <urn:uuid:6a18660b-348b-4b54-b43e-cc2df77b846b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dictionnaire.sensagent.leparisien.fr/Wiegand_effect/en-en/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.906476 | 966 | 2.96875 | 3 |
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By: Erin Lamb
At its Petersburg, New York plant, Tonoga, Inc. made products and materials coated with polytetrafluoroethylene, better known by its trade name, Teflon. Before 2013, when making Teflon, Tonoga used perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorooctane sulfonate, or a combination of both. These are man-made chemicals in a class of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, generally known as PFAS.
In 2016 Petersburg detected excessive levels of PFAS after testing its municipal water supply. Tonoga reached agreement with the New York Department of Environmental Conservation to help remediate the excess. After that, private parties began to sue Tonoga alleging they had sustained bodily injury and property damage from Tonoga’s negligent release of PFAS.
In a declaratory judgment action against two separate carriers a New York trial court agreed that two different pollution exclusions barred Tonoga’s claim that the carriers had to defend the private lawsuits. The New York Appellate Division affirmed under both exclusions:
While the New York decision is believed to be the first reported state court decision applying pollution exclusions to PFAS claims, we expect to see increasing numbers of cases throughout all jurisdictions involving PFAS claims. PFAS chemicals are common and bioaccumulative, meaning they can build up and persist in the environment. State and federal governments are ramping up efforts to regulate PFAS chemicals and bringing litigation against facilities they alleged contaminated the environment and in particular, groundwater. Personal injury claims are not far behind.
Tonoga Inc., d/b/a Taconic, v. New Hampshire Insurance Co. and Granite State Insurance Co., case number 532546, in the New York State Court of Appeals
Stay up to date on our latest news by subscribing to our newsletter here. | <urn:uuid:2b026ec4-1ec1-4f76-8fb1-80d2f18471e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fmglaw.com/insurance/coverage-doesnt-stick-in-teflon-dispute/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.93508 | 439 | 1.796875 | 2 |
The New York Public Library and Bibliothèque Nationale de France Launch Partnership To Preserve and Make Accessible Cultural Heritage
Partnership to support collaboration among cultural institutions to protect, maintain, and disseminate collections which document global history launched with symposium at the 42nd Street Library
Images of signing available here (credit NYPL/Jonathan Blanc)
SEPTEMBER 26, 2018 – The New York Public Library and Bibliothèque Nationale de France this morning signed a historic agreement to preserve and make accessible collections and scholarship related to cultural heritage.
The two internationally-renowned research libraries signed the agreement and launched the partnership during a joint research symposium held at The New York Public Library’s iconic Stephen A. Schwarzman Building on Fifth Avenue and 42nd Street. The symposium -- called Engaging Shared Heritage and featuring remarks by UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay -- was timed to coincide with the 73rd United Nations General Assembly session, as “Endangered Heritage” is one of the UN’s themes this year.
“Cultural institutions play an incredibly important role in preserving the world’s shared cultural heritage -- a heritage that is critical to our mutual understanding and growth,” said New York Public Library President Anthony W. Marx, who signed the agreement and spoke at the symposium. “It is so important that institutions work together to ensure that this heritage is not only safe, but shared with the public and understood. The primary materials that we make available support the search for truth and fact, which is arguably more important today than ever before. We are proud to take this important step with the Bibliothèque Nationale de France, and look forward to a long and productive partnership.”
“This cooperation agreement is only the beginning of a broad cooperation with NYPL ranging from digital to research programs. I’m convinced that libraries are part of the solution for safeguarding cultural heritage and patrimonial collections. This international action is essential and the BnF with the universal nature of its collections and its technological expertise is pleased and proud to cooperate with the NYPL : Working together is one of the best way to assure the preservation and the sharing of our common heritage. An heritage means much more than memory or even artistic beauty ; an heritage concerning our values”, said Laurence Engel, president of the BnF.
Specifically, the two organizations agreed to :
- Share existing digital images and metadata for use online and by researchers
- Digitize collections strategically around areas of mutual interest related to heritage
- Develop content partnerships, with curators from both organizations collaborating and utilizing collections at the two libraries to do research and write essays around heriage
- Launch short-term fellowships with a focus on areas of mutual interest
- Plan and host a series of research symposia
New York Public Library:
Angela Montefinise, email@example.com
The New York Public Library is a free provider of education and information for the people of New York and beyond. With 92 locations—including research and branch libraries—throughout the Bronx, Manhattan, and Staten Island, the Library offers free materials, computer access, classes, exhibitions, programming and more to everyone from toddlers to scholars, and has seen record numbers of attendance and circulation in recent years. The New York Public Library serves more than 18 million patrons who come through its doors annually and millions more around the globe who use its resources at www.nypl.org. To offer this wide array of free programming, The New York Public Library relies on both public and private funding. Learn more about how to support the Library at nypl.org/support.
The BnF is France’s oldest heritage institution and one of the oldest libraries in the world. The BnF collects, preserves and makes known the national documentary heritage. Collections are much more than solely French or even Western, they are global collections. 15 million books, and as many engravings and photographs, 2 million music sheets, 900 000 maps, 1.5 million audiovisual materials... About 150 000 documents are added to the collections each year thanks to legal deposit, acquisitions and donations. Today nearly 5 million works and documents have been digitised and are available freely on-line on Gallica for the world to explore. Numerous cultural events highlight and make known the library’s outstanding collections: exhibitions, lectures, symposiums, concerts and meetings are planned all the year long. Thanks to its collections and its expertise, it has for many years been developing cooperation and international solidarity actions. | <urn:uuid:e7438e15-86ff-4a3d-b294-91c936dfa8d1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nypl.org/press/press-release/september-26-2018/new-york-public-library-and-bibliotheque-nationale-de-france | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.930557 | 960 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Making data-driven decisions is more important than ever; that’s why a business intelligence (BI) tool is usually a game-changer for almost any organization. Not only can it analyze crucial data, but it can also provide conclusions and support actions, so both people and organizations can function at optimum efficiency.
How can one BI tool do all that? By offering specific capabilities that are designed to help organizations make informed decisions. Each BI tool has all kinds of unique offerings, and it can seem overwhelming to go through all the details; but a few of the capabilities stand out above the rest. If a business intelligence platform can get these five factors right, it could end up being a great fit for your organization and thereafter the organization can move forward to train their workforce with online programs like Tableau training to upskill them.
1. What data storage solution is used?
Most of the capabilities offered by BI tools don’t have an equivalent already in place, but data storage solutions are the exception. Many organizations will already have their cloud solution or on-premises data storage in place by the time they’re implementing a BI tool; if a dedicated cloud solution is included with the platform, it could feel redundant. On the other hand, a ready-to-go cloud solution could make the integration process much smoother for businesses that are working with limited data storage.
Tableau – This platform comes with the most limited data storage solution; it can only be deployed from Salesforce’s cloud solution.
Power BI – Organizations can opt to deploy this platform from their on-premises servers, or they can use the Azure cloud solution from Microsoft. The on-premises capabilities are different from what you’ll get on the cloud – just something to remember.
Qlik Sense – This platform can be deployed from private or public clouds, from on-location servers, or a combination of the three. This BI tool is cloud-agnostic, so it doesn’t matter which cloud solution is used.
2. Are robust embedded analytics offered?
BI tools are usually integrated into established organizations. This means that by the time the tool is being introduced to users, they’ve already developed and optimized their own workflows. If a BI tool lets users implement embedded analytics, this will minimize the disruption to workflows, while providing in-depth insights. Since the embedded analytics will be implemented across applications, portals, and workflows, it should feel as organic as possible for users.
Tableau – Users can embed dashboards throughout their workflows; other objects, like metrics or individual values, aren’t available for embedding.
Power BI – Since users at almost any skill level can embed a variety of objects, they have choices for when they need insights. However, Power BI doesn’t prioritize API, so some users might have some difficulty adjusting at first.
Qlik Sense – Metrics, individual values, numbers, and entire or partial dashboards can be embedded within edge devices, portals, and workflows. Since Qlik Sense puts API first, users should find it easy to start using this feature quickly.
3. Are broad use cases supported?
A data analytics interface that can be used on multiple products or devices can be just as essential as embedded analytics. Not only should users be able to use the BI tool on any application or process, but also use the tool for whatever purpose they need, in any context. Whether they’re exploring or visualizing data, performing BI reporting, or completing any other task, the BI tool should support the use cases that users need.
Tableau – Multiple use cases are available, but most of them have to do with data visualization. Experienced business authors would be more comfortable with this capability than most end users, as some skill is necessary.
Power BI – There are more comprehensive offerings than Tableau, and they use Microsoft products to deliver on their range of use cases.
Qlik Sense – One interface is provided for all use cases, so users are able to familiarize themselves quickly. As they move forward, the consistency helps them maintain efficiency throughout their workflows.
4. How is the data managed?
You don’t want data dictatorship, where access is restricted to just a few authors; and you definitely don’t want data anarchy, where there are too many people creating content, and not enough people validating it.
Tableau – Users build workbooks on their hard drives, and then send them to a single server for IT to double-check.
Power BI – Self-service access is available to authors, and other users can explore their published content with limited interactivity. As new content is completed, it gets sent to a central server first for validation; after that it’s available for circulation.
Qlik Sense – End users have fewer limits on what they’re able to do; authors, end users, and everyone in between work on the same server. With this arrangement, IT can validate and manage content without the intermediate step of having authors send each completed workbook from their hard drives.
5. How does the data engine work?
Without a powerful data analysis software, a BI tool wouldn’t be able to generate in-depth insights. The data engine should give an organization the solutions that are most likely to drive growth. In some cases, a linear approach would be better – users make a query, and the data engine searches predetermined data sets for the solution. In other cases, a more creative approach is required.
Tableau – They use a query-based approach, working on an SQL database.
Power BI – They also operate over an SQL database, giving solutions from query-based searches.
Qlik Sense – Their data engine is associative rather than linear; the data sets that get explored are much broader, so users can sometimes see connections or patterns that a typical data engine would probably have missed.
Also on Wire19: VDI options compared: VMware Horizon vs Citrix
Thanks to the sophisticated data analytics technology used by business intelligence tools, organizations are able to see connections, identify risks, and find new opportunities that would have gone unnoticed otherwise. Once an organization is matched with a solid business intelligence platform, there’s no telling how far it could go.
Author Bio: Justin Davis is a lover of tech and big data. When not writing articles or editing copy, he is usually found winding down the river in a canoe with friends.
Disclaimer: The information contained in this article is for general information purpose only. Product features and information are subject to change. This information has been sourced from the websites and relevant resources available in the public domain of the named vendors as on 18, April 2021. Wire19 makes best endeavors to ensure that the information is accurate and up to date, however, it does not warrant or guarantee that anything written here is 100% accurate, timely, or relevant to the website visitors. | <urn:uuid:20d9b472-7f44-46d0-8cbe-019831c609fd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wire19.com/tableau-vs-power-bi-vs-qlik-sense-bi-tool/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.933324 | 1,434 | 1.625 | 2 |
During the 1960s there was a remarkable surge of interest in Yoga on the part of young people living in the West. Geoffrey Hodson gave this talk in 1960 when the movement of Eastern philosophical ideas to the West was beginning to gain momentum. This talk is divided into two parts: the first covers the basic philosophy of Yoga, and the second deals with various methods and practices of Yoga, particularly those that lead towards self-mastery and self-illumination. This lecture was given at the 74th Annual Summer Convention of the Theosophical Society in America, where Mr. Hodson was the featured speaker. 1960. 49 minutes. | <urn:uuid:9842fdd8-433c-4d01-9bca-09238e4ebfbe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://questbooks.com/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=1416 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.976994 | 128 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Last Updated: 2022-02-25
Pityriasis versicolor flava, pityriasis versicolor alba, pityriasis versicolor rubra, tinea versicolor (term no longer in use)
Common, benign, non-inflammatory and non-infectious superficial mycosis caused by lipophilic yeasts of the genus Malassezia with increased incidence during warm seasons, in adolescents and young adults with localisation on the trunk. The eponymous colour change after UV exposure is characteristic.
- Frequent mycosis of the skin
- In Europe, the prevalence is up to 4%
- In countries around the equator, the prevalence is sometimes up to 40%
- Mostly adolescents and young adults are affected
- The disease is caused by lipophilic yeasts of the genus Malassezia, which grow especially in warm, humid environments and are part of the regular skin folra. In the outbreak of pityriasis versicolor, there is otherwise absent mycelium formation.
- Human-to-human transmission is not known.
- 14 Malassezia species are known
- Malassezia globosa mainly in India (90% of diseases, most prominent form)
- Malassezia furfur mainly in Europe
- Malassezia sympodialis mainly in Argentina, also found in India
- Malassezia pachydermatis
- Predisposing factors include:
Hyperhidrosis oleosa, warm and humid macro-climate, seborrhoea, impaired skin evaporation, stress, obesity, immunosuppression, use of oily skin care products,
- The following factors are discussed as possible triggers: Use of glucocorticosteroids or contraceptives, gravidity, genetics and atopic dermatitis
- The clinic is varies
- Small to large confluent, tinsel-like, round or oval, yellowish to brownish, sometimes white macules or thin plaques with discrete scaling
- Characteristic is the colour change after UV exposure (in summer, lighter, in winter darker effluorescences present than the rest of the skin)
- No pruritus, but a feeling of tightness is possible
- Scaling phenomenon: pityriasiform scaling when brushing the efflorescence with a wooden spatula
- In immunosuppressed patients, an intensified expression or follicular bound progression accompanied by folliculitis may occur
- Special forms
- Pityriasis versicolor chromians: markedly hyperpigmented form
- Pityriasis versicolor punctata: follicular form
- Pityriasis versicolor flava: triggered by Malassezia tropica
- Pityriasis versicolor nigra: lesions are partly blackish with follicularly bound nodules. Regression is possible under UV exposure.
- Hyperkeratotic malassezia: occurs mainly on the face and nuchal
- Anamnesis incl. travel anamnesis
- Clinical manifestation (visual diagnosis)
- Detection of fungus by means of a native adhesive strip preparation, with the possibility of staining according to Parker using potassium hydroxide solution and ink (1:1), as well as direct microscopic examination. So-called "spaghetti with meatballs" appear, which correspond to the hypthes and spore clusters of the yeast fungus
- In the case of suspicion of Malassezia furfur, the wood light is also suitable as a detection method due to the pigments and fluorochromes formed with tryptophan in this genus
- A culture is not useful
- Preferably areas of the trunk rich in day glands
- Inner thigh
- Inner side of upper arm
- In children, the face is often affected
PAS staining is essential for detection! Intracorneal spores and hyphae can be found.
- 2-5% salicylic acid skin alcohol
- Iraconazole 400mg in two doses of 200mg each 1 time Monthly for 6 months
It is a chronic condition with remission or exacerbation possible at any time. Recurrences are common.
- Inform the patient
- Econazole cream (e.g.: Pevaryl cream 1 %): Apply 1-2 times daily to affected skin areas. The therapy should be carried out for a total of 3 days
- Alternatively: Ciclopirox cream or solution: apply 2x daily to affected skin areas. In total, the therapy should be carried out for 3 days.
- Alternatively: 2.5% salt sulphide
- Alternatively: 20% propylene glycol
- At the same time, an antifungal co-treatment of the capilitium should be given
- Ketoconazole-containing shampoo: 3 applications, observing a contact time of 5-10 minutes before rinsing
- Alternatively Ciclopirox-containing shampoo: 3 applications, observing a contact time of 5-10 minutes before rinsing.
- Pregnancy: Only nystatin is approved
- In case of continuous recurrences under external therapeutics, systemic therapy can be discussed:
- Itraconazole p.o. 200 mg 1x daily for 5-7 days or 400mg 1x monthly
- Alternative: Fluconazole p.o. 50 mg 1x tgl. for 14 days
- Alternatively: Ketoconazole p.o. 200mg 1x tgl. for 10 days or 400mg 1x monthly
- Systemic terbinafine shows no effect
Therapy according to Lebwohl
|Medicine of 1st choice||Evidence level according to Lebwohl|
|Selenium sulphide 2.5%||B|
|Medicine of 2nd choice||Evidence level according to Lebwohl|
- Crespo Erchiga, V., et al., Malassezia globosa as the causative agent of pityriasis versicolor. British Journal of Dermatology, 2000. 143(4): p. 799-803.
- Crespo-Erchiga, V. and V.D. Florencio, Malassezia yeasts and pityriasis versicolor. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 2006. 19(2): p. 139-147.
- Faergemann, J., Management of Seborrheic Dermatitis and Pityriasis Versicolor. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 2000. 1(2): p. 75-80.
- Gaitanis, G., et al., Distribution of Malassezia species in pityriasis versicolor and seborrhoeic dermatitis in Greece. Typing of the major pityriasis versicolor isolate M. globosa. Br J Dermatol, 2006. 154(5): p. 854-859.
- Gupta, A.K., et al., Pityriasis versicolor. Dermatologic Clinics, 2003. 21(3): p. 413-429.
- Gupta, A.K., R. Bluhm, and R. Summerbell, Pityriasis versicolor. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2002. 16(1): p. 19-33.
- Hu, S.W. and M. Bigby, Pityriasis Versicolor. Arch Dermatol, 2010. 146(10).
- Wagner, G., C. Diaz, and W. Weyers, Pityriasis versicolor unter dem klinischen Bild einer Papillomatosis confluens et reticularis. Aktuelle Dermatologie, 2004. 30(4): p. 114-119.
- AMBOSS Kapitel Pityriasis versicolor
- Altmeyer Enzyklopädie Kapitel Pityriasis versicolor
- Braun-Falco Kapitel Oberflächliche Mykosen
- UpToDate Kapitel Tinea versicolor (pityriasis versicolor) | <urn:uuid:a6d735ee-0569-48c7-8ced-2b6b022da7af> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dermacompass.net/en/diseases/pityriasis-versicolor | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.715418 | 1,917 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Flight sentence example
A blowing snow storm delayed our flight north.
Owing to the rapidity of the French flight and the Russian pursuit and the consequent exhaustion of the horses, the chief means of approximately ascertaining the enemy's position--by cavalry scouting-- was not available.
They had a flight out yesterday afternoon.
Can you call Katie while I make flight arrangements?
He left the sparring level without saying a word to Ully and followed his instincts up a flight of stairs and down a narrow hall he recognized from his visit to their father.s catacombs with Kris.Advertisement
It was too late to get a non-stop flight so I have you going out of Allentown and changing planes in Baltimore.
It should be a slam-dunk and quick flight home.
It was the most ethereal flight I had ever witnessed.
On the flight down to Washington a strange and perhaps unfair thought hit me.
Cynthia had received a phone call from the Boston sisters telling her their flight was delayed and they weren't now expected until late afternoon.Advertisement
His flight was delayed and the power went off at the house.
A snow storm cancelled our return flight Sunday.
She smiled, "Have a nice flight," and walked away.
It was the roughest flight Dean had ever taken.
He's offered to pay for everything; even your flight down.Advertisement
The flight attendant approached and asked, "Can I get you anything?"
I've got a flight into Dallas tomorrow — well, actually it would be today — late evening.
This campaign consisted in a flight of the French during which they did all they could to destroy themselves.
Kutuzov merely shrugged his shoulders when one after another they presented projects of maneuvers to be made with those soldiers-- ill-shod, insufficiently clad, and half starved--who within a month and without fighting a battle had dwindled to half their number, and who at the best if the flight continued would have to go a greater distance than they had already traversed, before they reached the frontier.
She checked the clock on the nightstand then the notepad listing the time of the flight she'd booked the afternoon before after exploring the mansion.Advertisement
When the flight of the French army along the Smolensk road became well defined, what Konovnitsyn had foreseen on the night of the eleventh of October began to occur.
Seeing their enemy unexpectedly the French fell into confusion and stopped short from the sudden fright, but then they resumed their flight, abandoning their comrades who were farther behind.
The wings are well developed for flight, and there is a tendency in the group, especially among the males, towards an excessive development of the mandibles or the presence of enormous, horn-like processes on the head or pronotum.
On the 4th of January 1878 a Russian army again entered Sofia after the passage of the Balkans by Gourko; the bulk of the Turkish population had previously taken flight.
Seen in front, its white face, striped with black, and broad black gorget attract attention as it sits, often motionless, on the rocks; while in flight the white of the lower part of the back and white band across the wings are no less conspicuous even at a distance.Advertisement
In 1550 he succeeded his father in the office of secretary of state; in this capacity he attended Charles in the war with Maurice, elector of Saxony, accompanied him in the flight from Innsbruck, and afterwards drew up the treaty of Passau (August 1552).
Failing in an attempt to arrange terms, and also in obtaining the help which he solicited from France, O'Neill was utterly routed by the O'Donnells at Letterkenny; and seeking safety in flight, he threw himself on the mercy of his enemies, the MacDonnells.
Wing-covers and hind-wings are alike absent, and the latter are represented by a pair of little knobbed organs, the halteres or balancers, which have a controlling and directing function in flight.
A fine paved corridor running east from this gives access to a line of the later magazines, and through a columnar hall to the central court beyond, while to the left of this a broad and stately flight of steps leads up to a kind of entrance hall on an upper terrace.
The loss of the English did not exceed 700 killed and too() wounded; while the Irish, in their disastrous flight, lost about 7000 men, besides the whole material of the army.Advertisement
He is said to have been visited (1533) by Calvin on his flight from France.
There are two small towns, Capri (450 ft.) and Anacapri (980 ft.), which until the construction of a carriage road in 1874 were connected only by a flight of 784 steps (the substructures of which at least are ancient).
David's daring spirit might very well lead him to visit his wife even after his first flight.
David's hurried flight, attended only by his bodyguard, indicates that his position was not a very strong one, and it is difficult to connect this with the fact that he had already waged the wars mentioned in 2 Sam.
King and queen fly, carrying the child with them, and while the wife is tending her husband, who dies of a broken heart on his flight, the infant is carried off by a friendly water-fairy, the Lady of the Lake, who brings the boy up in her mysterious kingdom.Advertisement
He attended the queen in her flight to France in 1646, but disapproved of the prince's journey thither, and retired to Jersey, subsequently aiding in the king's escape to the Isle of Wight.
In 408 we find Rufinus at the monastery of Pinetum (in the Campagna ?); thence he was driven by the arrival of Alaric to Sicily, being accompanied by Melania in his flight.
At the outset of the Revolution she foresaw the gravity of events, and refused to leave the king, whom she accompanied in his flight on the 10th of June 1792, and with whom she was arrested at Varennes.
Accused of assisting the king's flight, of supplying emigres with funds, and of encouraging the resistance of the royal troops on the 10th of August 1792, she was condemned to death, and executed on the 10th of May 1794.
Alexander was defeated by Ptolemy at the battle of the Oenoparas near Antioch and murdered during his flight.Advertisement
Large pits are dug across the line of advance of these great insect armies to stop them when in the larval or wingless stage, and even huge bonfires are lighted to check their flight when adult.
The first repulse soon passed into a rout, and from a rout into a headlong flight, in which the English king himself barely escaped.
Beneath the fine banqueting hall, a flight of steps descends into "the Wogan," a vast subterranean chamber giving access to the harbour.
After Austerlitz the conqueror fulminated against them, and sent southwards a strong column which compelled an Anglo-Russian force to sail away and brought about the flight of the Bourbons to Sicily (February 1806).
They prepared for flight to America - a step which Napoleon took care to prevent; and a popular outbreak at Aranjuez decided the king then and there to abdicate (19th of March 1808).Advertisement
And the wings, though not always present, are highly characteristic of the Hexapoda, since no other group of the Arthropoda has acquired the power of flight.
On either side a variable amount of convex area is occupied by the compound eye; in many insects of acute sense and accurate flight these eyes are very large and sub-globular, almost meeting on the middle line of the head.
In the case of the common drone-fly, Eristalis tenax, the individual, from a sedentary maggot living in filth, without any relations of sex, and with only unimportant organs for the ingestion of its foul nutriment, changes to a creature of extreme alertness, with magnificent powers of flight, living on the products of the flowers it frequents, and endowed with highly complex sexual structures.
Fortunately, the two first passes were unoccupied; and the third, Pyhajoggi, was captured by Charles, who with 400 horsemen put 6000 Russian cavalry to flight.
To these succeeded forms where the down had developed into body feathers for warmth, not flight, whilst the fore-limbs had become organs of prehension, the hind-limbs of progression.Advertisement
Many of them were climbing animals, and from these true birds with the power of flight were developed.
Far more singular was the celebration at Beauvais, which was held on the 14th of January, and represented the flight into Egypt.
This noble pile, with a large and handsome dome, a secondary cupola over the altar, and a striking portal and flight of steps, occupies one of the most conspicuous sites in Venice on the point of land that separates the mouth of the Guidecca from the Grand Canal.
The destruction of the mainland cities, and the flight of their leading inhabitants to the lagoons, encouraged the lagoon population to assert a growing independence, and led them to advance the doctrine that they were "born independent."
Wayne's dragoons broke through the brushwood, attacked the left flank of the Indians and soon put them to flight.
Antonius (Mark Antony), while the population was not too large to save itself by timely flight.
The courage of the Romans, however, soon overcame such fears; the Britons were put to flight; and the groves of Mona, the scene of many a sacrifice and bloody rite, were cut down.
By the middle of July 1203 Constantinople was reached, the usurper was in flight, and Isaac Angelus was restored to his throne.
The various approaches to the citadel on the northern side - the rock-cut flight of steps north-east of the Erechtheum, the stairs leading to the well Clepsydra, and the intermediate passage supposed to have furnished access to the Persians - are all to be attributed to the primitive epoch.
Liu Yung-fu, the notorious Black Flag general, and the back-bone of the resistance, sought refuge in flight.
Nothing could shake the confidence of his master, which survived the ignominious flight into Bohemia, into which he was trapped by Briihl at the time of the battle of Kesseldorf, and all the miseries of the Seven Years' War.
The separation of the Ratitae from the other birds, and their seemingly fundamental differences, notably the absence of the keel and of the power of flight, induced certain authors to go so far as to derive the Ratitae from the Dinosaurian reptiles, whilst Archaeopteryx (q.v.) and the Carinatae were supposed to have sprung from some Pterosaurian or similar reptilian stock.
Although loss of flight (correlated with more or less reduction of the wings and the sternal keel, and often compensated by stronger hind limbs) has occurred, and is still taking place in various groups of birds, it is quite impossible that a new Ratite can still come into existence, because the necessary primitive substratum, whence arose the true Ratitae, is no longer available.
In fact, after the flight of the king and the subsequent suppression of the riots, a warrant was issued for his arrest; and he had barely time to escape to Weimar, where Liszt was at that moment engaged in preparing Tannhauser for performance, before the storm burst upon him with alarming violence.
He returned to power next year, and decided to bring Boulanger and his chief supporters before the High Court, but the general's flight effectively settled the question.
Aello and Ocypete, daughters of Thaumas and Electra, winged goddesses with beautiful locks, swifter than winds and birds in their flight, and their domain is the air.
The British lost for killed and 85 wounded, but put the enemy to flight.
There were treaties between states for the extradition of fugitives, and contracts of mutual assurance between individuals against their loss by flight.
At one time hope, at another despondency, now assured confidence, now doubt and despair, here a firm faith in the speedy coming of the kingdom of .heaven, there the thought of taking refuge by flight - such is the range of the emotions.
A flight of iron steps enables the visitor now to examine this venerable specimen of early Christian art.
It was followed by the flight of large bodies of Christian refugees.
But the approach of the Portuguese fleet put him to flight; some of his vessels were wrecked; and on his return by way of Egypt he was arrested at Cairo and executed.
All officers who were partisans of the reforms were obliged to take refuge in flight; and Turkey's position would have been desperate but for the conclusion of the peace of Tilsit (July 7, 1807) between Russia and France, to which Turkey also became a party.
Others treat it as a solar myth; the ram is the light of the sun, the flight of Phrixus and the death of Helle signify its setting, the recovery of the fleece its rising again.
His flight, however, only precipitated events.
Henceforward the retreat of the army became practically a headlong flight, and on the 5th of December, having reached Smorgoni and seeing that nothing further could be done by him at the front, the emperor handed over the command of what remained to Murat, and left for Paris to organize a fresh army for the following year.
But this is not yet perfect, although it has all the form of a perfect insect and is capable of flight; it is what is variously termed a "pseudimago," "sub-imago" or "pro-imago."
Even his attempted flight on the 10th of June 1791 did not entirely turn the nation against him, although he left documents which proved his opposition to the whole Revolution.
On the 1st of August 1431 a large army of crusaders, under Frederick, margrave of Brandenburg, whom Cardinal Cesarini accompanied as papal legate, crossed the Bohemian frontier; on the 14th of August it reached the town of Domazlice (Tauss); but on the arrival of the Hussite army under Prokop the crusaders immediately took to flight, almost without offering resistance.
The reference to "tail" is either to the expression "turn tail" in flight, or to the habit of animals dropping the tail between the legs when frightened; in heraldry, a lion in this position is a "lion coward."
The latter he escaped by flight to Berlin, and the elector Frederick III.
The second group represents, first, the birth of Mithras; then the god nude, cutting fruit and leaves from a fig-tree in which is the bust of a deity, and before which one of the winds is blowing upon Mithras; the god discharging an arrow against a rock from which springs a fountain whose water a figure is kneeling to receive in his palms; the bull in a small boat, near which again occurs the figure of the animal under a roof about to be set on fire by two figures; the bull in flight, with Mithras in pursuit; Mithras bearing the bull on his shoulders; Helios kneeling before Mithras; Helios and Mithras clasping hands over an altar; Mithras with drawn bow on a running horse; Mithras and Helios banqueting; Mithras and Helios mounting the chariot of the latter and rising in full course over the ocean.
The hero seized it by the horns and was borne headlong in the flight of the animal, which he finally subdued and dragged into a cavern.
Another interesting species is the toucan (Ramphastos), whose enormous beak, awkward flight and raucous voice make it a conspicuous object in the great forests of northern Brazil.
In strong contrast to the ungainly toucan is the tiny humming-bird, whose beautiful plumage, swiftness of flight and power of wing are sources of constant wonder and admiration.
The church of San Giovanni, the ancient baptistery, beneath the cathedral is approached by an outer flight of marble steps built in 1451.
The new administration found it hard to please the Dutch farmers, who among other grievances resented what they considered the undue favour shown to the Kaffirs, whose numbers had been greatly augmented by the flight of refugees from Panda.
During the first half of the 13th century, when the university of Paris was plunged in angry feuds with the municipality, feuds which even led at one time (1229) to the flight of the students in a body, the friars established teachers in their convents in Paris.
Narrowly escaping assassination, at a banquet a few days later, at the hands of his rival, King Sweyn III., he succeeded only with the utmost difficulty in escaping to Jutland, but on the 23rd of October utterly routed Sweyn at the great battle of Grathe Heath, near Viborg, Sweyn perishing in his flight from the field.
Potgieter, after the flight of the Matabele, issued a proclamation in which he declared the country which Mosilikatze had abandoned forfeited to the emigrant farmers.
The second, the period of Boer organized resistance, may be said to have finished with the occupation of Komati Poort in October 1900 (a month after Lord Roberts's formal annexation of the Transvaal) and the flight of President Kruger.
Scalich saved his life by flight, but Funck was executed; the question of the regency was settled; and a form of Lutheranism was adopted, and declared binding on all teachers and preachers.
After the assassination of Pellegrino Rossi (15th November 1848) he arranged the flight of Pius IX.
The confusion spread to the troops behind them, and the action ended in wild flight and slaughter.
A collision very soon took place; Usibepu's forces were victorious, and on the 22nd of July 1883, led by a troop of mounted whites, he made a sudden descent upon Cetywayo's kraal at Ulundi, which he destroyed, massacring such of the inmates of both sexes as could not save themselves by flight.
Huge caves, of which the most noted are the Farm Caves, occur in the hills near Moulmein, and they too are full of relics of their ancient use as temples, though now they are chiefly visited in connexion with the bats, whose flight viewed from a distance, as they issue from the caves, resembles a cloud of smoke.
In January 1790 he returned to Montpellier, was elected a member of the municipality, was one of the founders of the Jacobin club in that city, and on the flight of Louis XVI.
I +W a W a), ' (k) 4 (I I) I+ w- R For a shot in air the ratio W'/W is so small that the square may be neglected, and formula (II) can be replaced for practical purpose in artillery by tan26= n2 = W i (0 - a) (k ð)7()4, (12) if then we can calculate /3, a, or (3-a for the external shape of the shot, this equation will give the value of 6 and n required for stability of flight in the air.
He took a leading part in the flight to Varennes.
On the following day he was with the royal family from six o'clock in the evening till six o'clock the next morning, and convinced himself that a second flight was physically impossible.
On the old post-road in Greenwich is the inn, built about 1729, at which Israel Putnam was surprised in February 1779 by a force under General Tryon; according to tradition he escaped by riding down a flight of steep stone steps.
It lives in a burrow, generally excavated by itself; but when pursued, seeks safety in flight, rather than by a retreat to its hole.
This very likely formed the nucleus of a book which bore the name of that sheik and was much read in the 3rd century from the Flight.
For the chronology before the year ho of the Flight Wagidi did his best, but here, the material being defective, many of his conclusions are precarious.
These later historians had valuable help from the biographies of famous men and special histories of countries and cities, dynasties and princes, on which much labour was spent from the 4th century from the Flight onwards.
The people accepted all this, and so a romantic tradition sprang up side by side with the historical, and had a literature of its own, the beginnings of which must be placed as early as the 2nd century of the Flight.
The blackbird is of a shy and restless disposition, courting concealment, and rarely seen in flocks, or otherwise than singly or in pairs, and taking flight when startled with a sharp shrill cry.
On the eve of the fray Papineau sought safety in flight, followed by the leading spirits of the movement.
The wide distribution of certain species is undoubtedly attributable to the agency of ships and trains; under natural conditions mosquitoes seldom travel far from their breeding grounds, although the powers of flight of some species are greater than has been supposed.
There is a story - based, however, on no good evidence - that Walaf rid devoted himself so closely to letters as to neglect the duties of his office, owing to which he was expelled from his house; but, from his own verses, it seems that the real cause of his flight to Spires was that, notwithstanding the fact that he had been tutor to Charles the Bald, he espoused the side of his elder brother Lothair on the death cf Louis the Pious in 840.
It became a colony in 295 B.C. In 88 B.C. Marius in his flight from Sulla hid himself in the marshes of Minturnae.
The death of Mirabeau in April 1791 was a severe blow to Montmorin, the difficulty of whose position was enormously increased after the flight of the royal family to Varennes, to which he was not privy.
In these shrines a complete set of armour was kept, in accordance with the idea that the hero was essentially a warrior, who on occasion came forth from his grave and fought at the head of his countrymen, putting the enemy to flight as during his lifetime.
Walther is not an historical figure, although the legend undoubtedly represents typical occurrences of the migration period, such as the detention and flight of hostages of noble family from the court of the Huns, and the rescue of captive maidens by abduction.
As the lame smith he reminds us of Hephaestus, and in his flight with wings of Daedalus escaping from Minos.
Otto's precarious position was saved by a victory near Andernach when Eberhard was killed, and Giselbert drowned in the subsequent flight.
The building, sometimes of huge dimensions, is invariably surrounded by a raised gallery, reached by a flight of steps in the centre of the approach front, the balustrade of which is a continuation of the gallery railing.
The chief shrine was shown, as were also the gate and the long flight of stone steps leading up to it, several other buildings, the groves of cryptomeria that surround the mausolea, and the festival procession.
On the same day (13th of May) a mutiny at Karlsruhe forced the grand-duke to take to flight, and the next day he wis followed by the ministers, while a committee of the diet under Lorenz Brentano (1813-1891), who represented the more moderate Radicals as against the republicans, established itself in the capital to attempt to direct affairs pending the establishment of a provisional government.
He first undertook a preliminary inquiry into the principles upon which flight depends, and established at Allegheny a huge "whirling table," the revolving arm of which could be driven by a steamengine at any circumferential speed up to 70 m.
Various other delays and mishaps followed, but ultimately, on the 6th of May 1896, a successful flight was made.
He was stopped in his flight by some fishermen at Faversham, and was forced to return to London.
After this final flight of James, William, on the advice of an assembly of notables, summoned a convention parliament on the 22nd of January 1689.
In 1567 Mary made Bothwell keeper of the castle, and sought its shelter herself after the murder 'of Rizzio and again after her flight from Borthwick Castle.
The limestone pavement, with long porches on either side, was found to stop at the foot of a marble staircase of thirty-four steps of Byzantine construction, underneath which appeared a Roman arrangement of the two flights with a platform halfway up. The top flight led up to the propylaea.
Approached by a flight of steps partly rock-cut, it had at the rear of the porch a balustrade with marble lions' heads through which the water overflowed.
Near the middle of the long side is an opening; and from it a flight of seven steps led down to a trapezoidal chamber, on the back wall of which are two lions' heads of bronze, through which water, conducted in long semi-cylindrical channels of bronze, from behind the wall, poured out into pitchers for which holes are cut in the floor.
In his youth Casimir was considered frivolous and licentious; while his sudden flight from the field of Plowce, the scene of his father's great victory over the Teutonic knights, argued but poorly for his personal courage.
The era in use among the Turks, Arabs and other Mahommedan nations is that of the Hegira or Hejra, the flight of the prophet from Mecca to Medina, 622 A.D.
Its commencement, however, does not, as is sometimes stated, coincide with the very day of the flight, but precedes it by sixty-eight days.
The era begins from the first day of the month of Muharram preceding the flight, or first day of that Arabian year which coincides with Friday, July 16, 622 A.D.
Like others of the revolutionists Bolivar took to flight, and succeeded in reaching Curacao in safety.
Both foreand hindwings are usually present, both pairs being membranous, the hindwings small and not folded when at rest, each provided along the costa with a row of curved hooks which catch on to a fold along the dorsum of the adjacent fore-wing during flight.
Mention has already been made of the series of curved hooks along the costa of the hind-wing; by means of this arrangement the two wings of a side are firmly joined together during flight, which thus becomes particularly accurate.
The eyes are well developed, with numerous facets; the antennae minal one shaped like that of the are transparent, with few nervures, flight.
The flight of the woman is mentioned in verse 6 to a place of refuge prepared for her by God.
Then again in 13-16 the flight of the woman is described.
But Gunkel's explanation is an attempt to account for one ignotum per ignotius; for hitherto no trace of the myth of the sun-god's birth and persecution and the flight into the wilderness has been found in Babylonian mythology.
There are obvious points of similarity, possibly of derivation, between the details in our text and the above myths, but the subject cannot be further pursued here, save that we remark that in the sun myth the dragon tries to kill the mother before the child's birth, whereas in our text it is after his birth, and that neither in the Egyptian nor in the Greek myth is there any mention of the flight into the wilderness.
Feeling herself helpless and almost isolated in Paris, she now relied chiefly on her friends outside France - Mercy, Count Axel Fersen, and the baron de Breteuil; and it was by their help and that of Bouille that after the death of Mirabeau, on the 8th of April 1791, the plan was arranged of escaping to Montmedy, which ended in the flight to Varennes (June 21, 1791).
The Mahratta power was, however, on the decline; the flight of the peshwa from his capital to Bassein before the British arms changed the aspect of affairs, and by the treaty concluded between the peshwa and the British government, the districts of Banda and Hamirpur were transferred to the latter.
While the commission was engaged in the prosecution of its enquiries, the flight of Pope John XXIII.
He resigned office on the proclamation of the republic after the flight of the pope to Gaeta in 1849, resumed it for a while when Pius returned to Rome with the protection of French arms, but when a reactionary and priestly policy was instituted, he went into exile and took up his residence at Turin.
The university was founded by Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden in 1632; but in 1699 teachers and students removed to Pernau on the advance of the Russians, and on the occupation of the country by Peter the Great again took flight to Sweden.
With the more critical and exciting events of the 19th of Brumaire at St Cloud Talleyrand had no direct connexion; but he had made all his preparations for flight in case the blow failed.
While Lincoln was at Worcester Shays planned to capture the arsenal at Springfield, but on the 25th of January Shepard's men fired upon Shays's followers, killing four and putting the rest to flight.
Thisbe was the first to arrive, but, terrified by the roar of a lion, took to flight.
In February 964, the emperor having withdrawn from the city, Leo found it necessary to seek safety in flight, whereupon he was deposed by a synod held under the presidency of John XII.
The necessity for sights follows directly on investigation of the forces acting on a projectile during flight.
It passes over equal spaces in equal times, but falls with an accelerating velocity according to the formula h = zgt 2, where h is the height fallen through, g the force of gravity, and t the time of flight.
He was active in organizing relief for the wounded at the commencement of the war, remained bravely at his post during the siege, and refused to seek safety by flight during the brief triumph of the Commune.
Certain it is that not long after his flight from Pomposa Guido was living at Arezzo, and it was here that, about 1030, he received an invitation to Rome from Pope John XIV.
About a mile and a quarter from the Bab Bu Saadun, the north-west gate of the city, is the ancient palace called the Bardo, remarkable for the "lion court," a terrace to which access is gained by a flight of steps guarded by marble lions, and for some apartments in the Moorish style.
Two of the Horatii were soon slain; the third brother feigned flight, and when the Curiatii, who were all wounded, pursued him without concert he slew them one by one.
Frequenting parts of the open country so very divergent in character, and as remarkable for the peculiarity of its flight as for that of its cry, the lapwing is far more often observed in nearly all parts of the British Islands than any other of the group Limicolae.
During their stay there they had inflicted a severe defeat on the Zulus under Dingaan (December 1838), an event which, following on the flight of Mosilikatze, greatly strengthened the position of Moshesh, whose power became a menace to that of the emigrant farmers.
In 1552, suddenly marching against Charles at Innsbruck, he drove him to flight and then extorted from him the religious peace of Passau.
The first battle on Saxon soil was fought in 1631 at Breitenfeld, where the bravery of the Swedes made up for the flight of the Saxons.
They also furnished him with means of flight, and he made for Yverdun in the territory of Bern, whence he transferred himself to Motiers in Neuchatel, which then belonged to Prussia.
On the summit, approached by a well-preserved flight of steps, are the remains of a palace of the Mycenaean age, similar to that found at Tiryns, though not so complicated or extensive.
There is some evidence that he was summoned to the Council of Chalcedon,' though he could not attend it, and the concluding portion of his book known as The Bazaar of Heraclides not only gives a full account of the "Robber Synod" of Ephesus 449, but knows that Theodosius is dead (July 450) and seems aware of the proceedings of Chalcedon and the flight of Dioscurus the unscrupulous successor of Cyril at Alexandria.
In 1609 he caused the prince of Conde to marry Charlotte de Montmorency, whom shortly of ter Conde was obliged to save from the king's persistent gallantry by a hasty flight, first to Spain and then to Italy.
An attempt at an insurrection was made by the inhabitants of Rome even before Otto left the city, and on his departure John returned at the head of a formidable company of friends and retainers, and caused Leo to seek safety in immediate flight.
His responsibility for the disastrous experiment of the national workshops he himself denied in his Appel aux honnetes gens (Paris, 1849), written in London after his flight; but by the insurgent mob of the 15th of May and by the victorious Moderates alike he was regarded as responsible.
Vincent Zakrzewski, professor of history at Cracow, has written some works which have attracted considerable attention, such as On the Origin and Growth of the Reformation in Poland, and After the Flight of King Henry, in which he describes the condition of the country during the period between that king's departure from Poland and the election of Stephen Batory.
Most climb and walk well; the flight is powerful but low and undulating in most.
His flight on the shoulders of Aeneas is frequently represented on engraved gems of the Roman period; and his visit from Aphrodite is rendered in a beautiful bronze relief, engraved in Millingen's Unedited Gems.
This steadiness may vary during the flight of the projectile, as the shot may be unsteady for some distance after leaving the muzzle, afterwards steadying down, like a spinning-top. Again, a may increase as the gun wears out, after firing a number of rounds.
After all care has been taken in laying and pointing, in accordance with the rules of theory and practice, absolute certainty of hitting the same spot every time is unattainable, as causes of error exist which cannot be eliminated, such as variations in the air and in the muzzle-velocity, and also in the steadiness of the shot in flight.
McClellandescribed this flight to the James as a change of base, but his resolve to abandon the attitude of an invader was formed when General Lee in the middle of June had caused Stuart's cavalry to reconnoitre the flanks and rear of McClellan's army, and had summoned corps from the Shenandoah Valley.
He returned to Paris shortly afterwards on the summons of Louis XVI., but he was not sufficiently in the confidence of the court to be informed of the projected flight to Varennes.
The Parliament House, standing on the crown of the eastern hill, is a massive square brick building with a pillared freestone facade approached by a broad flight of steps.
At his birth Judas was enclosed in a chest and flung into the sea; picked up on a foreign shore, he was educated at the court until a murder committed in a moment of passion compelled his flight.
According to the usual account, he accompanied his father to Italy on his flight from Troy.
The place was sacked, but Gorsas escaped the popular fury by flight.
But in jumping a gate, or a flight of rails, as ordinarily situated, there is no width to be covered, and to make a horse go through the exertion of jumping both high and wide when he need only do one is to waste his power, added to which to ride fast at timber, unless very low with a ditch on the landing side, is highly dangerous.
The western entrance was approached by an ante-church, or narthex (B), itself an aisled church of no mean dimensions, flanked by two towers, rising from a stately flight of steps bearing a large stone cross.
The dormitory, as a rule, was placed on the east side of the cloister, running over the calefactory and chapter-house, and joined the south transept, where a flight of steps admitted the brethren into the church for nocturnal services.
Apollonius' genius takes its highest flight in Book v., where he treats of normals as minimum and maximum straight lines drawn from given points to the curve (independently of tangent properties), discusses how many normals can be drawn from particular points, finds their feet by construction, and gives propositions determining the centre of curvature at any point and leading at once to the Cartesian equation of the evolute of any conic.
Noltland Castle, in the vicinity, is interesting as having been proposed as the refuge of Queen Mary after her flight from Loch Leven.
The perfect insects, whose flight is feeble, are never found far from the water.
They are relatively shorter and broader insects than the Embiidae with large prothorax and long wings, which have a transverse line of weakness at the base and are usually shed after the nuptial flight.
On their flight from Egypt, the Jews, from hatred to their ancient oppressors, made Saturday the last day of the week.
The Mahommedan Era, Or Era Of The Hegira, Used In Turkey, Persia, Arabia, &C., Is Dated From The First Day Of The Month Preceding The Flight Of Mahomet From Mecca To Medina, I.E.
By British seamen it is commonly called the " molly mawk "1 (corrupted fromMallemuck),and is extremely well known to them, its flight, as it skims over the waves, first with a few beats of the wings and then gliding for a long way, being very peculiar.
He also made observations on the flight of rockets, and wrote on the advantages of rifled barrels.
Of the secular buildings the more interesting are the Palazzo Madama, first erected by William of Montferrat at the close of the 13th century on the Roman east gate of the town, remains of the towers of which were incorporated in it, and owing its name to the widow of Charles Emmanuel II., who added the west façade and the handsome double flight of steps from Juvara's designs; and the extensive royal palace begun in the 17th century.
On the first alarm of danger it sits erect to reconnoitre, when it either seeks concealment by clapping close to the ground, or takes to flight.
Close by is the Briihl Terrace, approached by a fine flight of steps, on which are groups, by Schilling, representing Morning, Evening, Day and Night.
The keys of the castle, which were thrown into the loch during her flight, were found and are preserved at Dalmahoy in Midlothian.
It sometimes climbs trees, but generally remains on the ground, only using its comparatively short wings to balance itself in running or to break its fall when it drops from a tree - though not always then - being apparently incapable of real flight.
The aborted condition of this process can hardly be regarded but in connexion with the incapacity of the bird for flight, and may very likely be the result of disuse.
It is approached in a very circuitous way, either by a passage (Xaupn) leading from a side door in the main propylaeum or by another long passage which winds round the back cf the chief hall, and so leads by a long flight of steps, cut in the rock, to the little postern door in the semicircular bastion.
One of the most conspicuous features of Bonn, viewed from the river, is the pilgrimage (monastic) church of Kreuzberg (1627), behind and above Poppelsdorf; it has a flight of 28 steps, which pilgrims used to ascend on their knees.
So soon as he realized the true position of affairs he attempted to break up the council by his flight to Schaffhausen (March 20-21, 1415) - a project in which he would doubtless have succeeded but for the sagacity and energy of Sigismund.
But, as early as the 29th of May 1434 a revolution broke out in Rome, which, on the 4th of June, drove the pope in flight to Florence; where he was obliged to remain, while Giovanni Vitelleschi restored order in the papal state.
Though he might have escaped by flight, and though he knew, as he quaintly remarked, that " Smithfield already groaned for him," he at once joyfully obeyed.
Thus the dressed stones of the ancient theatre served to build barracks; the material of the hippodrome went to build the church; while the portico of the hippodrome, supported by granite and marble columns, and approached by a fine flight of steps, was destroyed by Cardinal Lavigerie in a search for the tomb of St Marciana.
In some of these insects the wings are so small as to be useless for flight, being modified altogether for stridulation.
On the early morning of the 31st of July the prince's coup d'etat against the liberties of Utrecht and of Holland was carried out; the civic guard was disarmed - Grotius and his colleagues saving themselves by a precipitate flight.
Those who only know the Snipe as it shows itself in the shooting-season, when without warning it rises from the boggy ground uttering a sharp note that sounds like scape, scape, and, after a few rapid twists, darts away, if it be not brought down by the gun, to disappear in the distance after a desultory flight, have no conception of the bird's behaviour at breeding-time.
After Becket's flight (1164), the king put himself still further in the wrong by impounding the revenues of Canterbury and banishing at one stroke a number of the archbishop's friends and connexions.
It sits crouching on the ground during the day, with its bill pointing in the air, a position from which it is not easily roused, and even when it takes wing, its flight is neither swift nor long sustained.
These flies are characterized by a peculiar method of flight.
If they flew like ordinary flies their resemblance to Hymenoptera would be obscured by the rapidity of their flight and they might be caught on the wing by insectivorous birds or other insects; but when poised they display their coloration.
When the latter is lost during flight, the rapidity of their movement defies pursuit.
It is important to note that the scales are present when the moths first emerge from the pupa-case, but are loosely attached and fall off with the first flight.
On the Amazons and in other parts of South America there are butterflies of the group Ithomiinae which are distasteful and have all the characters of specially protected species, being conspicuously coloured, slow of flight, careless of exposure and abundant in individuals.
So alike in form, colour and mode of flight are those Lepidoptera that when on the wing it is almost or quite impossible to distinguish one from the other, and the resemblance between members belonging to different sub-families cannot be assigned to affinity.
The reason for this is to be found in the greater need of protection of the female which is slower in flight than the male and is exposed to special danger of attack when resting to lay her eggs.
The species are all characterized by short rudimentary wings, bearing four or five barbless shafts, a few inches long, and apparently useless for purposes of flight, of running, or of defence; and by loosely webbed feathers, short on the neck, but of great length on the rump and back, whence they descend over the body forming a thick hair-like covering.
Mary fled 60 miles from the field of her last battle before she halted at Sanquhar, and for three days of flight, according to her own account, had to sleep on the hard ground, live on oatmeal and sour milk, and fare at night like the owls, in hunger, cold and fear.
The Saxon troops were present at the battle of Breitenfeld, but were routed by the imperialists, the elector himself seeking safety in flight.
The grand flight of external steps entering the mansions of the medieval nobility or high officials was considered in itself a mark of jurisdiction, as it is said that sentence was there pronounced against criminals, who were afterwards executed at the foot of the steps--as at the Giant's Stairs of the Doge's palace at Venice.
There was also probably a road to Caere in early times, inasmuch as we hear of the flight of the Vestals thither in 389 B.C. The origin of the rest of the roads is no doubt to be connected with the gradual establishment of the Latin league.
Alexander pursued the Persian king on his flight to the East (summer 330), Bessus with some of the other conspirators deposed Darius and shortly afterwards killed him.
Among papers in scientific periodicals may be mentioned articles by Adler, Ball, Baumhauer, Beck, Bonney, Brewster, Chaper, Cohen, Crookes, Daubree, Derby, Des Cloizeaux, Doelter, Dunn, Flight, Friedel, Gorceix, Gurich, Goeppert, Harger, Hudleston, Hussak, Jannettaz, Jeremejew, de Launay, Lewis, Maskelyne, Meunier, Moissan, Molengraaff, Moulle, Rose, Sadebeck, Scheibe, Stelzner, Stow.
The story of her love for the disdainful Phaon, and her leap into the sea from the Leucadian promontory, together with that of her flight from Mytilene to Sicily, has no confirmation; we are not even told whether she died of the leap or not.
Almost all the skeletons and remains of bodies found in the city were discovered in similar situations, in cellars or underground apartments - those who had sought refuge in flight having apparently for the most part escaped from destruction, or having perished under circumstances where their bodies were easily recovered by the survivors.
In the circumstances, no resource was left him but secret flight.
A hastily collected force of 3000 men under C. Claudius Pulcher endeavoured to starve out the rebels, but the latter clambered down the precipices and put the Romans to flight.
During a temporary flight from Warsaw the child was lost, and eventually discovered in a stable; on another occasion she was for safety's sake hidden in an oven.
The attack on Thebes was repulsed, and during the flight the earth opened and swallowed up Amphiaraus together with his chariot.
The flight of the emperor had led to a revulsion of feeling in Vienna; but the issue of the proclamation and the attempt of the government to disperse the students by closing the university, led to a fresh outbreak on the 26th.
The conservative leaders of the Hungarian nationalists, Etitv6s and Deak, retired from public life; and, though Batthyani consented to remain in office, the slender hope that this gave of peace was ruined by the flight of the palatine (September 24) and the murder of Count Lamberg, the newly appointed commissioner and commander-in-chief in Hungary, by the mob at Pest (September 27).
We have in this list no genuine tradition, but rather the lucubrations of an undoubtedly conscientious Moslem critic, who may have lived about a century after the Flight.
In fact the whole history of Mahomet previous to the Flight is so imperfectly related that we are not even sure in what year he appeared as a prophet.
A good many fragments of this older theological and philological exegesis have survived from the first two centuries of the Flight, although we have no complete commentary of this period.
The last is interesting as being the first poem containing that form of the story of Aeneas's flight to which Virgil afterwards gave currency in his Aeneid.
The crypt dates from about the 6th century and is dedicated to Sitt Miriam (the Lady Mary), from a tradition that in the flight into Egypt the Virgin and Child rested at this spot.
At Mataria was a sycamore-tree, the successor of a tree which decayed in 1665, venerated as being that beneath which the Holy Family rested on their flight into Egypt.
At length the tone of the letters becomes one of despair, in which flight to Egypt appears the only resource left for the adherents of the Egyptian cause.
Shawars flight was directed to Damascus, where he was favorably received by the prince Nureddin, who sent with him to Cairo a force of Kurds under Asad al-din Shirguh.
The Mamelukes in the citadel directed a fire of shot and shell on the houses of the Albanians which were situated in the Ezbekia; but, on hearing of the flight of their chiefs, they evacuated the place; and Mehemet Au, on gaining possession of it, once more proclaimed Mahommed Khosrev pasha of Egypt.
In November 1848 Pope Pius IX., after his flight in disguise from Rome, found a refuge at Gaeta, where he remained till the 4th of September 1849.
For two years his brother and he lived as fugitives in the mountains of the Cevennes, but they at last reached Geneva, where their mother afterwards joined them on escaping from the imprisonment in which she was held from the time of their flight.
Warned by Frederick, Keith escaped; but Katte delayed his flight too long, and a court-martial decided that he should be punished with two years' fortress arrest.
He was released on bail, and in February 1683, after the flight and death of Shaftesbury, he openly broke the implied conditions of his bail by paying a third visit to Chichester with Lord Grey and others on pretence of a hunting expedition.
The ceremony degenerated into a burlesque in which the ass of the flight became confused with Balaam's ass.
It was the site of a Premonstratensian abbey built by Fergus, and it was here that Queen Mary rested in her flight from the field of Langside (May 13, 1568).
A thunderstorm, with hail and intense cold, increased their confusion, and on Brennus himself being wounded they took to flight, pursued by the Greeks all the way back to Thermopylae.
This was fulfilled by the flight of the Syrian army under the circumstances stated in ch.
With Herries and Maxwell he shook the English centre, but while Stanley and the men of Cheshire drove the highlanders of Lennox and Argyll in flight (their leaders had already fallen), the admiral and Dacre fell on the flank of James's command, which Surrey, too wise to pursue the fleet highlanders, surrounded with his whole force.
Mar's highlanders began to desert; his council was a confusion of opinions and discontents, and when, after many dangers and in the worst of health, James joined the Jacobites at Perth, it was only to discourage his friends by his gloom, and to share their wintry flight before Argyll to Montrose.
The Jacobites surrounding James in Rome never ceased to weave at the endless tissue of their plot, but in Scotland nothing more substantial than the drinking of loyal healths was done, between the flight of Lockhart of Carnwath, the manager of the party, and the years of 1737-1744.
Of these scenes there are seventy-two, beginning with Harold's visit to Bosham on his way to Normandy, and ending with the flight of the English from the battle of Hastings, though the actual end of the strip has perished.
Schiller, embittered enough by the uncongenial conditions of his Stuttgart life, resolved on flight, and took advantage of some court festivities in September 1782 to put his plan into execution.
The churches are approached by a flight of forty-eight stone steps, the grouping of the whole mass of buildings being exceedingly impressive.
As they withdrew to the Mount of Olives He foretold their general flight, but promised that when He was risen He would go before them into Galilee.
The cruel tyrant kills the babes of Bethlehem, but the Child has been withdrawn by a secret flight into Egypt, whence he presently returns to the family home at Nazareth in Galilee.
Frau von Stein had not known of his flight to Italy until she received a letter from Rome; but he looked forward to her welcome on his return.
The young queen, left in the old home, mounts high into the air for her nuptial flight, and then returns to the hive and her duties of egg-laying.
Pepe saved himself by flight.
The two armies met in 507 at the Campus Vogladensis, near Poitiers, where the Goths were defeated, and their king, who took to flight, was overtaken and slain, it is said, by Clovis himself.
Even when in process of time they did accept the religion of the prophet, they leavened it thoroughly with their own peculiar leaven, and, especially, deprived it of the practical political and national character which it had assumed after the flight to Medina.
To Omar is due also the establishment of the Era of the Flight (Hegira).
Mahommed was beaten, taken in his flight, and, according to some reports, sewn in the skin of an ass and burned.
Nasr escaped only by a headlong flight to Nishapur.
Obaidallah governor of Medina, with orders to lay hands on Mahommed and his brother Ibrahim, who, warned betimes, took refuge in flight.
Mazyad, and put to flight.
Motamid's flight was stopped by his vizier Ibn Makhlad, and the caliph himself was reconducted to Samarra as a prisoner in the year 882.
The flight of Byzantine scholarship westward in the 15th century revealed, and finally, that the philosophic content of the Scholastic teaching was as alien from Aristotle as from the spirit of the contemporary revolt of science, with its cry for a new medicine, a new nautical astronomy and the like.
The flight from a cursory survey of facts to wide so-called principles must give way to a gradual progress upward from propositions of minimum to those of medium generality, and in these consists the fruitfulness of science.
At first he had lauded a constitutional monarchy; but the flight of Louis XVI.
Like Mary, she was reproached for showing no concern at the news of the king's flight, but her justification was that "she never loved to do anything that looked like an affected constraint."
The fight begins; Beowulf is all but overpowered, and the sight is so terrible that his men, all but one, seek safety in flight.
Thus in studying the flight of a stone through the air we replace the body in imagination by a mathematical point endowed with a masscoefficient.
Hector alone stands against Achilles - his flight round the walls - he is slain.
For instance, the word 4 6/30s, which in Homer means " flight in battle " (not " fear "), occurs thirty-nine times in the Iliad, and only once in the Odyssey; but then there are no battles in the Odyssey.
A long flight of steps leads up the eastern height to the abbey, the ruins of which gain a wonderful dignity from their commanding position.
But the bristle-tails and springtails, which form the modern order Aptera, are all without any trace of wings, and, on account of several remarkable archaic characters which they exhibit, there is reason for believing that they are primitively wingless - that they represent an early offshoot which sprang from the ancestral stock of the Hexapoda before organs of flight had been acquired by the class.
Swift of flight, powerfully armed, but above all endowed with extraordinary courage, they pursue their weaker cousins, making the latter disgorge their already swallowed prey, which is nimbly caught before it reaches the water; and this habit, often observed by sailors and fishermen, has made these predatory, and parasitic birds locally known as "Teasers," "Boatswains," 2 and, from a misconception of their 1 Thus written by Hoier (circa 1604) as that of a Faeroese bird (hodie Skuir) an example of which he sent to Clusius (Exotic. Auctarium, p. 367).
Although at times subject to fierce criticism with regard to matters of administration and finance, he was recognized as one of the ablest men on the Confederate side, and he remained with Jefferson Davis to the last, sharing his flight after the surrender at Appomattox, and only leaving him shortly before his capture, because he found himself unable to go farther on horseback.
To Danville, after the evacuation of Richmond on the 2nd of April 1865, the archives of the Confederacy were carried, and here President Jefferson Davis paused for a few days in his flight southward.
Upon the flight of James, and during the excitement against the Catholics, he partially gained his liberty, and brought an appeal against his sentence before the Lords, who, while admitting the sentence to be unjust, confirmed it by a majority of thirty-five to twentythree.
But after the flight of the king to Varennes, Duport sought to defend him; as member of the commission charged to question the king, he tried to excuse him, and on the 14th of July 1791 he opposed the formal accusation.
The domestic birds have comparatively seldom become feral, doubtless, as C. Darwin points out, from the reduction of their powers of flight in many cases.
The modern prosperity of the town dates from the completion in 1773 of the Bridgewater Canal, which here descends into the Mersey by a flight of locks.
It was thus during the reformer's absence that the murder of Darnley, the abduction and subsequent marriage of Mary, the flight of Bothwell, and the imprisonment in Lochleven of the queen, unrolled themselves before the eyes of Scotland.
When at last, after the catastrophe of Poltava (June 1709) and the flight into Turkey, he condescended to use diplomatic methods, it was solely to prolong, not to terminate, the war.
When attacked they broke up, as it seemed, in hasty and complete flight, and having thus led the hostile army to break its formation, they themselves rapidly reformed and renewed the assault.
Sayyar into headlong flight,, and finally expelled Merwan.
There must also be mentioned the university church, the new university buildings, which occupy the site of the ducal palace (Schloss) where Goethe wrote his Hermann and Dorothea, the Schwarzer Box Hotel, where Luther spent the night after his flight from the Wartburg, and four towers and a gateway which now alone mark the position of the ancient walls.
This battle was far more stubbornly contested than that of Ad Decimum, but it ended in the utter rout of the Vandals and the flight of Gelimer.
Among more ideal work are "Eve" (1880), "Diana" (1882 and 1891), "Woman and Peacock," and "The Poet," astride his Pegasus spreading wings for flight.
A flight of stone steps leads the way down to a narrow passage, through which the air rushes with violence, outward in summer and inward in winter.
His views had meanwhile been embittered by the attempted flight of Louis XVI., and he distinguished himself now by his hostility to the king.
On his flight to the border he was arrested, and imprisoned in the Conciergerie in Paris.
In June 1823 the expedition of General Santa Cruz, prepared with great zeal and activity at Lima, marched in two divisions upon Upper Peru, and in the following months of July and August the whole country between La Paz and Oruro was occupied by his forces; but later, the indecision and want of judgment displayed by Santa Cruz allowed a retreat to be made before a smaller royalist army, and a severe storm converted their retreat into a precipitate flight, only a remnant of the expedition again reaching Lima.
His flight escaped notice, and the conflict remained undecided, until Antony's fleet was set on fire and thus annihilated.
Considerant's share in the "demonstration" under the leadership of Ledru-Rollin on the 13th of June 1849 caused his compulsory flight to Belgium.
Its portico supported by eighteen colossal Ionic columns is reached by a wide flight of steps.
Carrying his aged father and household gods on his back and leading his little son Ascanius by the hand, he makes his way to the coast, his wife Creusa being lost during the confusion of the flight.
Her success surpassing his expectations, his hopes took a higher flight, and through Lebel, valet de chambre of Louis XV., and the duc de Richelieu, he succeeded in installing her as mistress of the king.
In 1856 the Coeur d'Alenes, Palouses and Spokanes went on the war-path; in April 1857 they put to flight a small force under Col.
On the flight of the mutineers, the king and several members of the royal family took refuge at Humayun's tomb.
The 10th of August impelled him to a still higher flight; he declared himself the personal enemy of Jesus Christ, and abjured all revealed religions.
It is little more than a collection of fables told with scarcely any attempt at criticism, and with no more regard to chronological sequence than was necessary to make the tale run smoothly or to fill up such gaps as that between the flight of Aeneas from Troy and the supposed year of the foundation of Rome.
The retreat soon became a disorderly flight, Mithradates himself escaping with difficulty into Lesser Armenia..
We find moreover as emi-scientific conception of the basis of divination; the whole of nature is linked together; just as the variations in the height of a column of mercury serve to foretell the weather, so the flight of birds or behaviour of cattle may help to prognosticate its changes; for the uncultured it is merely a step to the assumption that animals know things which are hidden from man.
None has the power of flight, though certain pelagic Copepoda are said to leap from the surface of the sea like flying-fish.
The elytra are very hard, and in some cases fused with one another, rendering flight impossible.
These creatures, however varied in form and structure, all fly according to one and the same principle; and this is a significant fact, as it tends to show that the air must be attacked in a particular way to ensure flight.
These changes in the direction of the long axis of the bird in swimming, diving and flying, and in the direction of the stroke of the wings in sub-aquatic and aerial flight, are due to the fact that the bird is heavier than the air and lighter than the water.
Weight, however paradoxical it may appear, is necessary to flight.
Many are of opinion that flight is a mere matter of levity and power.
It may be stated once for all that flying creatures are for the most part as heavy, bulk for bulk, as other animals, and that flight in every instance is the product, not of superior levity, but of weight and power directed upon properly constructed flying organs.
While, however, diminishing the surfaces of the flying animal as a whole, she increases as occasion demands the active or wing surfaces by wing movements, and the passive or dead surfaces by the forward motion of the body in progressive flight.
She knows that if the wings are driven with sufficient rapidity they practically convert the spaces through which they move into solid bases of support; she also knows that the body in rapid flight derives support from all the air over which it passes.
Finally, they are not essential to flight, as flight in the great majority of instances is performed without them.
The manner in which the wings of the insect traverse the air, so as practically to increase the basis of support, raises the whole subject of natural flight.
Inst., 1867; " On the Mechanical Appliances by which Flight is attained in the Animal Kingdom," by the same author, Trans.
The claim is, however, unwarranted; Leonardo's chief work on flight, bearing the title Codice sul Volo degli Uccelli e Varie Altre Materie, written in 1505, consists of a short manuscript of twenty-seven small quarto pages, with simple sketch illustrations interspersed in the text.
In addition he makes occasional references to flight in his other manuscripts, which are also illustrated.
In none of Leonardo's manuscripts, however, and in none of his figures, is the slightest hint given of his having any knowledge of the spiral movements made by the wing in flight or of the spiral structure of the wing itself.
As will be seen from this account, the figure-of-8 or wave theory of stationary and progressive flight has been made the subject of a rigorous experimentum crucis.
That this shape is intimately associated with flight is apparent from the fact that the rowing feathers of the wing of the bird are every one of them distinctly spiral in their nature; in fact, one entire rowing feather is equivalent - morphologically and physiologically - to one entire insect wing.
This is proved by making sections in various directions, and by finding that in some instances as much as two-thirds of the wing may be lopped off without materially impairing the power of flight."
Inst., 1867; " On the Mechanical Appliances by which Flight is attained in the Animal Kingdom," Trans.
It is in this way that weight forms a factor in flight, the wings and the weight of the body reciprocating and mutually assisting and relieving each other.
This is an argument for employing four wings in artificial flight, - the wings being so arranged that the two which are up shall always by their fall mechanically elevate the two which are down.
That the weight of the body plays an important part in the production of flight may be proved by a very simple experiment.
In flight one of two things is necessary.
The flight of the albatross supplies the necessary illustration.
In order to make the problem of flight more intelligible, the lever formed by the wing is prolonged beyond the body (b), and to the root of the wing so extended the weight (w, w') is attached; x represents the universal joint by which the wing is attached to the body.
While, therefore, there is apparently no correspondence between the area of the wing and the animal to be raised, there is, except in the case of sailing insects, birds and bats, an unvarying relation as to the weight and number of oscillations; so that the problem of flight would seem to resolve itself into one of weight, power, velocity and small surfaces, versus buoyancy, debility, diminished speed and extensive surfaces - weight in either case being a sine qua non.
The statements here advanced are borne out by the fact that the wings of insects, bats and birds may be materially reduced without impairing their powers of flight.
The existence of such a law is very encouraging so far as artificial flight is concerned, for it shows that the flying surfaces of a large, heavy, powerful flying machine will be comparatively small, and consequently comparatively compact and strong.
But every one knows that these grallatorial animals are excellent birds of flight.
They are, in addition, the eagle excepted, the birds which elevate themselves the highest, and the flight of which is the longest maintained.'".
The way in which the natural wing rises and falls on the air, and reciprocates with the body of the flying creature, has a very obvious bearing upon artificial flight.
The alternate rise and fall of the body and wing of the bird are well seen when contemplating the flight of the gull e ?
If the wings were to strike backwards in aerial flight, the bird would turn a forward somersault. | <urn:uuid:4eabbec2-646a-4d04-b1b3-6c310dcaaedf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sentence.yourdictionary.com/flight | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.977886 | 14,611 | 1.835938 | 2 |
The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Economic Cooperation Program Strategic Framework 2030
The Greater Mekong Subregion Economic Cooperation Program Strategic Framework 2030 (GMS-2030) was endorsed and adopted at the 7th GMS Summit of Leaders hosted by Cambodia in September 2021. With a vision to develop a more integrated, prosperous, sustainable, and inclusive subregion. The GMS-2030 establishes a new Mission Statement for the GMS Program: a subregional cooperation program focused on its fundamental strengths of community, connectivity, and competitiveness, while embracing the core principles of environmental sustainability and resilience, internal and external integration, and inclusivity, for building a GMS community with a bright shared future. These core principles will be infused across all initiatives of the GMS Program.
GMS-2030 promotes innovative approaches in key cross-cutting areas. These include (i) harnessing the digital revolution to transform important sectors of the economy toward greater efficiency and inclusiveness; (ii) an enhanced spatial approach based on an integrated network of economic corridors, dynamic border areas, and clusters of competitive and smart cities that are well connected to rural areas; (iii) deeper dialogue on policies and regulations, underpinned by knowledge-based solutions and capacity building; (iv) embracing private sector solutions to leverage expertise and financing; (v) gearing the GMS Program to be a more open platform and cooperate closely and tap synergies and complementarities with other regional cooperation and integration initiatives; and (vi) establishing a result monitoring framework. GMS-2030 aims to seize the opportunities in an interconnected global economy and foster an open, fair, and non-discriminatory business environment supported by digital economy and innovation.
GMS Program Strategic Framework 2012-2022
Adopted at the 4th GMS Summit of Leaders in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar in December 2011, the Greater Mekong Subregion Economic Cooperation Program Strategic Framework 2012–2022 is anchored on the development of economic corridors, which provided the program with spatial and thematic focus.
The Strategic Framework for 2012–2022 expanded the GMS Program from conventional infrastructure to multi-sector investments designed to foster economic corridor development, involving stronger cross-sectoral linkages, better consideration of regional economic development’s spatial aspects, more local stakeholder involvement, and more effective monitoring and evaluation.
Ha Noi Action Plan 2018-2022
In 2017, a midterm review of the Strategic Framework 2012–2022 was conducted to ensure the program’s continued effectiveness and responsiveness. The review set the directions and operational focus for the remaining 5 years of the strategic framework. These were embodied in the Ha Noi Action Plan 2018–2022, which calls for an expansion of economic corridors to boost connectivity between countries and within rural and urban centers to ensure the benefits of economic growth will be more broadly distributed.
The 22nd Ministerial Conference in Ha Noi, Viet Nam, held in September 2017, endorsed the GMS Regional Investment Framework 2022 to support the Ha Noi Action Plan. This medium-term pipeline of priority projects consolidates and expands the current Regional Investment Framework (2013–2022).
On 31 March 2018, the 6th GMS Summit of Leaders in Ha Noi adopted the Ha Noi Action Plan and the Regional Investment Framework 2022, which provides the medium-term pipeline of priority projects in the subregion. | <urn:uuid:2a758bf8-9d37-4c46-8259-935e421d3343> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://website.greatermekong.net/strategy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.907651 | 691 | 1.5625 | 2 |
When it comes to growing older, there is one great insurance plan that you simply can’t buy from an agent: your children.
Family members provide the majority of senior care in this country. They do it with little training, no pay, and in spite of their own busy lives — all out of the goodness of their hearts. The situation isn’t ideal, but given the cost of senior care (especially for those suffering with illness), it’s often the only practical option.
But what happens if you don’t have kids to care for you?
A new study shows that a growing number of people in the U.K. are choosing not to have children there. That could mean major changes to their healthcare system in less than a generation’s time. A few years ago, The New York Times told us that a similar trend is happening here in the United States.
Potentially, an increase in childless seniors could spell catastrophe for the healthcare system. But so far, that hasn’t been the case.
Studies find that childless couples do not receive less care on average than those with kids. Nor do they score any lower on the happiness index. Very few express regret over the decision not to become parents, just as those who did have kids are happy to have done so. It seems most people are more or less happy with their lot in life by the time they reach the end of it.
Still, the Times notes, older Americans do worry about who’ll help them down the road. For many, “chosen family” networks — friends, volunteers, and support groups — fill the void.
Will that continue as a viable system-wide solution as the number of childless elders grows? Only time will tell.
In the meantime, one of the best steps you can take for yourself is to begin a long-term care plan as soon as possible. Making legal and financial arrangements today could spare you a lot of hardship and anxiety in later years.
There’s no reason for anyone to fear the future, regardless of the lives they’ve chosen for themselves. If you’d like to talk about your options, feel free to give me a call. We can put together a plan that will give you peace of mind. | <urn:uuid:81facd5f-78d6-47c4-ab44-4f5940f79a5c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.noreenmurphylaw.com/who-takes-care-of-you-if-you-dont-have-kids/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.964761 | 476 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Wildwood Elementary is moving to a "Balanced Literacy" approach, which combines direct teacher instruction in large group, small group reading/guided instruction, and student independent learning.
The National Reading Panel Report (2000)
The panel determined that effective instruction includes teaching children to break apart and manipulate the sounds in words (phonemic awareness), teaching that these sounds are represented by letters that can be blended (phonics), having children read aloud while providing guidance, teaching word meanings, and providing comprehension strategies
· Phonemic Awareness: the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken words
· Phonics: the relationship between the letters of written language and the sounds of spoken language. For example, learning that the letter ‘b’ represents the /b/ sound
· Fluency: the capacity to read text accurately and quickly
· Vocabulary: the words students must know to communicate effectively through listening, speaking, reading and writing
· Comprehension: the ability to understand and gain meaning from what has been read
WRITING: Wildwood Elementary is moving to the Benchmark curriclum of "Writers Workshop". First graders will be writing in a variety of formats - journaling, personal narratives, informational reports and book reviews.
The Math Expressions program uses hands-on manipulatives, games and "Homework & Remembering" to ensure mastery of the concepts that are taught. By completing "Homework & Remembering" with your child daily and working with flashcards, math games or computer games you can build a strong mathematical foundation for your child. | <urn:uuid:87d2bd71-65c0-4598-b76f-a01697a3c296> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wildwood.mahtomedi.k12.mn.us/page/2475 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.929844 | 358 | 3.90625 | 4 |
Ann loves to write poetry and stories. Current poetry on Nature, Travel & beyond, including varied poetic structures.
Breathing is essential for life, for any creature. We take it for granted until an unfortunate situation might create difficulties and we have to fight to get enough air. These ‘situations’ come in all shapes and guises.
one to five,
this soul alive.
still and pale,
Stay with me!
Not the time
for life to flee.’
gulp of air,
eyes search life,
meet his and stare.
‘Oh! So sorry, I didn’t mean…
You made me cross, that step not seen.
I pushed you harder than I thought,
don’t look like that, your foot got caught,
I wasn’t trying to harm you, stay!
I’ll not be cruel again… today.’
How many people are abused by their partners? The culprits say they’ll never do it again, it was a bad mistake, they’ll have therapy. Do they? Is it a vicious cycle? I believe, sadly, that it’s difficult for those ‘addicted’ to violence to abstain, unless they do undergo some sort of therapy with serious intentions to reform.
Gentle Breathing of Sleep
I watch you breathe in slumber deep.
Such soft sighs, murmurs in your sleep.
Waiting to catch my name maybe,
wondering if you dream of me.
Then, stabbing through the peaceful air,
hardly the answer to my prayer,
another’s name you whisper sweet,
my heart is shattered; then my feet
tiptoe away, leaving forever.
She wakes and wonders where he’s gone.
A funny dream she had where one
from long ago lingered and smiled,
her now late brother. As a child,
she ran into his arms with glee.
'Where is my love? I’ll go to see…..'
Finding out the Facts, Asking Questions
How often do we jump to conclusions? We don’t wait to ask questions or listen to explanations. The result can be tragic or dangerous or just plain stupid.
How many times have lovers parted, sometimes to commit suicide, when one question would have saved them both?
Always ask questions, reasons why, before taking an impulsive decision! What you see or hear is not necessarily a sign of the facts. We can interpret the best or the worst, depending on the situation and our emotions. Logic and reason must prevail over raw human emotions.
How to Administer CPR (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation)
This is the UK NHS (National Health Service) advice:
‘To carry out a chest compression:
- Place the heel of your hand on the breastbone at the centre of the person’s chest. Place your other hand on top of your first hand and interlock your fingers.
- Position yourself with your shoulders above your hands.
- Using your body weight (not just your arms), press straight down by 5-6cm (2-2.5 inches) on their chest.
- Keeping your hands on their chest, release the compression and allow the chest to return to its original position.
- Repeat these compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 times per minute until an ambulance arrives or you become exhausted.
When you call for an ambulance, telephone systems now exist that can give basic life-saving instructions, including advice about CPR. These are now common and are easily accessible with mobile phones.’
They advise that if you have training and are confident about the procedure, you can give ‘rescue breaths’ too. See site for details.
How long can someone go without air?
‘After five to ten minutes of not breathing, you are likely to develop serious and possibly irreversible brain damage. The one exception is when a younger person stops breathing and also becomes very cold at the same time.’
The following is a brief explanation:
‘Breathing (or respiration or ventilation) is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs to facilitate gas exchange with the internal environment, mostly by bringing in oxygen and flushing out carbon dioxide.
Breathing brings air into the lungs where gas exchange takes place in the alveoli through diffusion. The body’s circulatory system transports these gasses to and from the cells, where "cellular respiration" takes place.
The breathing of all vertebrates with lungs consists of repetitive cycles of inhalation and exhalation through a highly branched system of tubes or airways which lead from the nose to the alveoli.Under normal conditions the breathing depth and rate is automatically, and unconsciously, controlled. Over-breathing (hyperventilation) and under-breathing (hypoventilation) both cause distressing symptoms.
Breathing has other important functions. It provides a mechanism for speech, laughter and similar expressions of the emotions. It is also used for reflexes such as yawning, coughing and sneezing. Animals that cannot thermoregulate by perspiration, because they lack sufficient sweat glands, may lose heat by evaporation through panting.’
This content is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge and is not meant to substitute for formal and individualized advice from a qualified professional.
© 2018 Ann Carr | <urn:uuid:a4aa49f3-0efd-4ffa-acac-d9db7ca35f61> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://letterpile.com/poetry/Poetry-Month-April-Breathe-1-2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.91836 | 1,268 | 1.59375 | 2 |
This fierce-looking, animated, multilayered figure is known as the Staff God, the principal deity of the Chavín cult. It is represented on the most sacred stone sculptures at the important ceremonial site of Chavín de Huántar, and it appears in various guises on precious portable objects as well. The influence of this image was profound on the art and ideology of subsequent cultures throughout the Andes.
The feline figure stands on a stool or pedestal, facing frontward and holding two staffs. It has large square eyes, an angular mouth with two sets of fangs, bilobed ears, and a striped torso. It wears a breechcloth, depicted between its legs, which some scholars have interpreted as a sign of its male gender. It is surrounded by long snakes that emerge out of its head, midriff and feet—as if substituting for hair, a belt, and anklets or footwear. The other objects in the scene are animated as well. The stool or pedestal at the bottom of the image is decorated with a pair of agnathic faces, and the feline’s two staffs are topped by fanged faces at the level of its neck. The representation of snakes and faces in lieu of certain parts of the image is a convention comparable to our usage of metaphors. This embellishes the image, perhaps giving it additional meaning. Also significant is the creation of an image that can be “read” in an alternative way when it is turned upside down. The feline’s mouth then becomes part of a new face that incorporates the old figure’s eyes and nose, and the snake heads at its waist become the eyes for a monstrous face on its inverted torso.
Alva, Walter L. 1992 Orfebrería Del Formativo. In Oro Del Antiguo Perú, José Antonio de Lavalle, ed., pp. 17-118. 1. ed. Colección Arte Y Tesoros Del Perú. Banco de Credito del Perú, Lima. p. 56-57, pl. 43.
Anton, Ferdinand 1962 Alt-Peru Und Seine Kunst. Seeman, Leipzig. pl. 182.
Anton, Ferdinand 1972 The Art of Ancient Peru. Putnam, New York. pl. 5.
Boone, Elizabeth Hill (ED.) 1996 Andean Art at Dumbarton Oaks. Pre-Columbian Art at Dumbarton Oaks; No. 1. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C. vol. 1, p. 47-52, pl. 1.
Bühl, Gudrun (ED.) 2008 Dumbarton Oaks: The Collections. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C., p. 282-283.
Collier, Donald 1959 Indian Art of the Americas. Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago. fig. 65.
Cordy-Collins, Alana 1979 Cotton and the Staff-God: Analysis of an Ancient Chavín Textile. In The Junius B. Bird Pre-Columbian Textile Conference, May 19th and 20th, 1973, Junius Bouton Bird, Ann P. Rowe, Elizabeth P. Benson and Anne-Louise Schaffer, eds. The Textile Museum; Dumbarton Oaks, Trustees for Harvard University, Washington, D.C., p. 58.
Fash, William Leonard and Mary E. Lyons 2005 The Ancient American World. The World in Ancient Times. Oxford University Press, New York. p. 126.
Fux, Peter (ED.) 2013 Chavin: Peru's Enigmatic Temple in the Andes. Scheidegger & Spiess; Museum Rietberg, Zurich. p. 235, cat. 17.
Fux, Peter (ED.) 2015 Chavín. Primera edición. ed. Museo de Arte de Lima, Lima. p. 237, cat. 17.
Lothrop, Samuel K. 1941 Gold Ornaments of Chavin Style from Chongoyape, Peru. American Antiquity 6 (3):250-262. p. 254, 258, pl. XVIIIa.
Quilter, Jeffrey 2005 Treasures of the Andes: The Glories of Inca and Pre-Columbian South America. Duncan Baird, London. p. 48.
"Indian Art of the Americas", The Field Museum, Chicago, August - September 1959 (catalogue # 65).
"Chavìn: Peru's Mysterious Temple in the Andes", Museum Rietberg, Zurich, Switzerland, 11/23/2012 - 3/10/2013.
Purchased from the Textile Museum, Washington DC, by Dumbarton Oaks, 1979.
Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Pre-Columbian Collection, Washington, DC. | <urn:uuid:9152fe78-3ab2-4e75-8574-a18f58c85657> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://museum.doaks.org/objects-1/info?query=keywordPath%20%3D%20%22BGS%22%20and%20Century%20%3D%20%22600%20BCE-0%20CE%22&sort=0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.810398 | 1,028 | 3 | 3 |
Carlos Tevez was a betterallround player than Sergio Agueroaccording to Micah Richards who played with both players at Manchester City.
Aguero is widely regarded as one of the best players in the history of Manchester City and his biggest contribution came at the end of the 2011/12 season when he scored the goal that clinched a first league title in several decades deep into stoppage time. With the help of the goal from Aguero, Manchester City were able to finish ahead of Manchester United to win their first Premier League era.
Manchester City almost blew the Premier League title as they struggled to beat London club Queens Park Rangers (QPR) who made them sweat for the win. The Citizens trailed 2-1 into the final minutes of the game and they needed to score two goals to win the game and the title as a result. In the end, late goals from Dzeko and Aguero did the job for the Citizens at home.
Argentine striker Aguero spent a decade at Manchester City until this summer when he left the club as he was not offered a new deal. He thereafter signed a two-year deal at Barcelona as a free agent. | <urn:uuid:dfd31fa1-9d08-4ed8-a0a0-a1ddf4036a74> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.carlos-tevez.org/tevez-was-better-than-aguero-richards/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.976302 | 239 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Forget Saudi Arabia — Biden should have gone to South Dakota: Letters to the editor for July 17
Argus Leader letters to the editor for July 17:
Forget Saudi Arabia — Biden should have gone to South Dakota
President Biden’s visit to Saudi Arabia to beg for more oil seems unnecessary to us —he could have saved himself a long trip by coming to see what is being done right here in South Dakota.
Sky high gas prices are inflicting pain on our budgets and our psyche in part because we feel helpless. However, we can do something about it and it doesn’t require us to get on bended knee to Saudi oil sheiks. Fortunately, we have a home-grown product that has been proven to significantly improve gasoline quality and save billions at the pump. Not to mention, it would dramatically boost our farmers, the environment, public health and the nation’s energy security.
Today, ethanol displaces more than 400 million barrels of oil each year thanks to nationwide use of E10. Transitioning to a national E30 standard—which the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has the statutory authority to do (some say legal obligation)—would reduce U.S. oil imports by one billion barrels per year. That is more than $100 billion staying here at home to improve our economy.
Experts at the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Argonne National Laboratory have concluded that corn ethanol produced with precision agriculture and other conservation practices can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 50 percent to 76 percent compared to gasoline. Other experts predict that over the next several years, High Octane Low Carbon (HOLC) fuels, such as ethanol, will be classified as ultra-low carbon fuels, surpassing the greenhouse gas benefits of vehicles running on electricity produced from coal and natural gas. Higher octane fuels would also allow automakers to dramatically increase fuel economy and reduce carbon emissions, benefiting both the environment and public health.
For many years now, SD Farmers Union has supported the pioneering work of Glacial Lakes Energy in Watertown which every day proves that HOLC E30 blends work well in the existing fleet. Millions of trouble-free miles have been driven on E30 fuels, and lucky Watertown-area consumers have saved millions of dollars by purchasing a superior, high octane, cleaner burning gasoline.
Octane is the most important property in designing an internal combustion engine—the higher the octane the better. That is why automakers recently urged EPA to encourage the use of HOLC fuels in the existing fleet “as soon as possible”. Ethanol’s octane properties are superior to the only other available octane booster: benzene-based BTEX synthesized from crude oil. BTEX is the most expensive, toxic, and carbon intensive gasoline component. In the U.S., a typical gallon of gasoline contains 20% BTEX and 10% ethanol.
When Congress banned leaded gasoline in 1990, it knew that BTEX posed an even greater threat to public health and the environment, which is why it required EPA to get the “greatest degree of emission reduction achievable” by replacing carcinogenic BTEX with ethanol. EPA has thus far refused to comply. However, with a stroke of his pen, President Biden could direct his EPA Administrator to establish a nationwide E30 “clean octane” standard, which would save consumers billions of dollars in lower gasoline costs, reduce U.S. oil imports by one billion barrels a year—far more than we import from Saudi Arabia and Russia combined—and substantially reduce mobile source toxics and carbon emissions. A major bonus would be the enormous boost to the Midwestern farm economy.
So, Mr. President, the answer to our nation’s fuel challenge lies right here in South Dakota. We hope you can visit us soon to see it for yourself.
-- Doug Sombke, Farmers Union Enterprises president
Governor and Legislature need to do more for mothers
With the overturning of Roe v. Wade and South Dakota practically outright banning all abortions, why aren't our governor and legislature urgently writing and passing a pro-life bill to support all the women and families that will be forced to have children?
Shouldn't the state at least provide the following: pre-natal medical services, full pediatric services for children to age 18, child care to age 6 so parents can work, parenting training and support, GED services so parents can complete high school if needed and job training and search services.
I would think this is the bare minimum pro-life advocates would want to provide to women and families forced to have children against their will. Wouldn't this insure they will have the means to have a safe, healthy pregnancy and newborn and to then be able to raise them? How can you truly be pro-life if you only care for the fetus and not the mother and child?
-- Ian Schneiderman, Sioux Falls
Thune and Rounds need to publicly move on from Trump
I would like to comment on the shameful behavior of our South Dakota Congressional Delegation. They had to have known that the man they nominated (twice) to represent their party for the highest office in the land was of low moral quality.
They had a chance in two impeachments to rid our country of this menace. They failed.
They had an opportunity on January 7, 2021 to send this ugly dangerous man into the scrap heap of disgraced historical obscurity. They didn't.
There has been overwhelming testimony presented by members of their own party during this select committee that Trump was the lynchpin to the deadly attack on fair/free elections and everything this great country once stood for. So far they have been silent.
For the love of God and country, fellas, grow some courage and choose America over the narcissistic scourge.
-- Paul Grehl, Sioux Falls
Ads against American Innovation and Choice Online Act are misleading
If you are tired of the ads against SB2992, which are continually running on TV and the internet, you might be interested to know that the bill is a bipartisan bill not part of the liberal agenda as the ads claim.
The American Innovation and Choice Online Act prohibits certain large online platforms from engaging in specified acts, including giving preference to their own products on the platform, unfairly limiting the availability on the platform of competing products from another business, or discriminating in the application or enforcement of the platform's terms of service among similarly situated users.
Further, a platform may not materially restrict or impede the capacity of a competing business user to access or interoperate with the same platform, operating system, or hardware or software features. The bill also restricts the platform's use of nonpublic data obtained from or generated on the platform and prohibits the platform from restricting access to platform data generated by the activity of a competing business user. The bill also provides additional restrictions related to installing or uninstalling software, search or ranking functionality, and retaliation for contact with law enforcement regarding actual or potential violations of law.
The bill establishes affirmative defenses for the prohibited conduct.
I wondered why the ads here only indicated to contact Sen. John Thune and not Sen. Mike Rounds or any of the other senators in our area. When I checked Thune’s website I found the following. “ Since January of 2013, I have served as a member on the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. I currently serve as ranking member of the Commerce Committee’s Subcommittee on Communications, Technology, Innovation, and the Internet, which has jurisdiction over legislation, congressional action, and other matters relating to communications.”
As ranking member, the people behind the ads want him to protect big tech, including Apple and some other huge corporations. If you are going to contact Thune, as the ad requests, don’t be fooled. Ask Thune and Rounds to vote for SB2992.
-- Lanny Stricherz, Sioux Falls
Be generous with tipping at car washes
I am a customer, like many of my neighbors, at a car wash facility in town that offers monthly subscriptions. And it is a very good deal for those who drive thru farm country and get insects on the vehicle. Every time i go through a wash, I make sure to put a dollar in the tip jar for the workers who wash the car. It is a very physically demanding job that they do with wet feet all day. Yet I feel that only about 10% of the other cars I see are leaving a tip. I implore them to treat these workers better. After all, you were too lazy to wash it yourself.
-- Paul Morais, Sioux Falls
Stricter gun laws don't work
Sometimes we do not know how good we have it until it is gone. I have been put in an interesting position where I now live here in safe South Dakota (I am a refugee from crime-ridden California). I have noticed several opinions from others here that have me rather concerned and worried (about disarming and changing the Second Amendment) that if we head that direction we could easily follow in California’s footsteps.
After my 23+ years in law enforcement in California (sheriff & police departments), I saw that many laws (99+%) passed in an attempt to stop violence with guns just do not work. Many of the California laws have disarmed the law-abiding citizen, increased prices via various gun taxes while the criminals still commit violence. Why? Because criminals do not follow rules and will continue to not follow rules even after multiple arrests and/or convictions.
If a criminal walks into a store, and knows no one is armed, his/her job is much easier and they will carry out the intended crime. However … if the same criminal walks into the same store, and knows that several or many people are armed, then they will likely not commit the crime (I know, because, I have asked them this very scenario). Currently California has taken the first option, and is paying the high price of high crime and many stores are closing because they cannot keep up with the losses.
Now I ask, do we really want to follow the California path? South Dakota is one of the last “free” states … please, don’t change it.
-- Thomas Kaps, Canton | <urn:uuid:5466b21d-65f1-4f53-bcad-3518fd2bb9d9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://uw-media.argusleader.com/story/opinion/readers/2022/07/17/argus-leader-letters-editor-week-july-17/10068284002/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.954658 | 2,115 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Even for experienced buyers, purchasing a home in Westchester County, New York can be a daunting process. Most Contracts of Sale will state that the property is being sold “as is.” This means that the onus is on the buyer to conduct its due diligence before signing the contract so that the buyer can make an informed decision. Each property is different and there is no “one size fits all” due diligence checklist. Listed below are some common items that apply to most residential deals.
The buyer may ask for a copy of the last deed, any covenants and restrictions and a survey to see if there are any potential title issues. If the property was conveyed into a trust, was it done properly? Are there any items on the survey such as fences or walls that could give rise to an adverse possession claim? Are there any easements or restrictions that would impact the buyer’s use of the property such as a shared driveway or use restriction? An attorney will conduct a thorough title search but it may be helpful to look for any obvious red flags before spending time and money on other due diligence items.
Environmental issues in the residential context typically include mold, asbestos, lead-based paint, radon, well water and oil tanks. A concerned buyer can retain a qualified environmental professional to inspect the home and make specific recommendations regarding any necessary remediation.
3. Municipal Search
Building records are open to the public and any buyer can request information regarding a property. A savvy buyer can request copies of Certificates of Occupancy, Certificates of Compliance, septic records, any open permits, open violations, etc.
4. Engineering/Home Inspection
Most buyers hire a licensed home inspector to inspect the property for any structural deficiencies, code violations, and other defects.
Many municipalities now make tax information available on the internet. A buyer may want to check the current taxes, assessments, as well as any abatements and when they expire, etc.
A buyer may want to ask for utility bills to get a sense for the cost to maintain the property.
7. School District
A buyer may want to check to see in which school district the property is located. The taxing jurisdiction and post office address may or may not coincide with the school district.
In sum, before signing a Contract of Sale with an “as is” clause, a savvy buyer will want to conduct some due diligence so that it can make an informed decision. Each property is different so a buyer should consult with its real estate agent and attorney to develop a due diligence scope of work that is appropriate for the particular property under consideration.
For more information about real estate matters in New York, please click here.
For general information about the firm, including our contact information, please click here.
The Law Offices of Keith R. Betensky, Esq.
The Empire Building
26 Village Green, Suite 4
P.O. Box 22
Bedford, New York 10506-0022 | <urn:uuid:7c4cb26d-f356-498f-b8e9-feb83b196b55> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://betenskylaw.com/developing-residential-due-diligence-checklist-in-new-york/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.928915 | 664 | 1.648438 | 2 |
HISTORY OF THE IRWA
The International Right of Way Association was founded in Los Angeles, California in 1934 under the name of the Southern California Right of Way Agent's Association and on August 9, 1946, was incorporated as the American Right of Way Association. Since that time, the Association has expanded into an international professional organization dedicated to the advancement of right-of-way and land acquisition work as a fully recognized profession. On March 15, 1980, the Articles of Incorporation were changed by a vote of the membership to reflect the new name--International Right of Way Association.
Throughout the United States and Canada, billions of dollars are expended annually in the acquisition, management, and transfer of rights-of-way. The technical skills required for proficiency in this complex activity embrace the fields of appraisal, engineering, law negotiation, public relations, property management, and public service administration. It is logical, therefore, that the foundation of the International Right of Way Association is a vigorous, continuing educational program. This program is designed to better equip right-of-way practitioners in the fulfillment of professional obligations to their employers, whether they be the public or the stockholders of private organizations.
Because the Association has expanded into an international association, composed of approximately 75 Chapters, it now plays a stronger and more significant role in the development of the economies of the United States and Canada. This is especially true with respect to the multitude of vital community, regional and national improvements, highways, flood control projects, public utility construction, pipelines, railroads, and all other public and quasi-public development activities.
As the Association expands, so also does its program to unite the professional efforts of all right-of-way professionals toward the betterment of the conditions of the individual. The Association will continue to promote high standards among its members to the end that they render their full potential of service to their employers. To accomplish this, members must predicate their professional aspirations upon the Code of Ethics of the International Right of Way Association. | <urn:uuid:b5b29f4a-f960-4f06-a7fe-8d91c8f3db89> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://irwachapter-2.org/history-of-the-irwa-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.944745 | 405 | 2.296875 | 2 |
What Makes Something Slippery Or Sticky?
Physicist Laurie Winkless dives into the realm of surface science to figure out how its shaped our manufactured and natural worlds.
The following is an excerpt from Sticky: The Secret Science of Surfaces by Laurie Winkless.
Sticky: The Secret Science of Surfaces
There’s a flowchart lurking around corners of the internet. It is familiar to anyone who enjoys fixing and making things. At the top, it asks “Does It Move?” and at the bottom, it offers two solutions: duct tape for when you want to hold something in place, and WD-40® for when you want to get things moving. These two products have long been seen as must-haves. Essential tools for any workshop; versatile enough to find frequent use. I’m a fan of both.
A few years ago, as the initial idea for this book was rattling around in my head, I realized something about these products. Because one sticks firmly on to surfaces, while the other slips between objects in order to loosen them, they’re often viewed as opposites; as if they each occupy an end point of a stickiness-to-slipperiness scale. In reality, no such scale exists—not in our everyday lives, nor in the controlled environment of a research lab. That’s because the words “sticky” and “slippery” are ambiguous, and certainly not precise enough to exist in opposition to one another. Though widely used, they mean different things to different people on different days. Depending on the situation, they might conjure up images of chewing gum, duct tape and sugary syrup on the one hand, or an icy road, WD-40 and wet tiles on the other. The words “sticky” and “slippery” are also not true materials properties in the way that, say, hardness and thermal conductivity are. They have no agreed-upon scientific definitions, and no specific metrics that can be used to quantify or compare them. That contrast—between the presence of these words in daily life, and their absence from the scientific literature—is one of the reasons I decided to call this book Sticky.
As I see it, this familiar term can be repurposed and applied to a vast array of interesting interactions: specifically, any of the weird and wonderful things that happen on and between surfaces. So much science happens where two things meet; whether that’s air flowing over a curved surface, two pieces of metal sliding along one another, or glue applied to a plank of wood. And while stickiness isn’t something that can be measured or defined, there are lots of other related properties that are measurable, and whole areas of research dedicated to defining them.
Tribology is one of these areas. Sometimes described as the science of “rubbing and scrubbing”, its focus is on how moving surfaces interact with one another. While at first glance that might seem a bit niche, as we’ll discover, such interactions are all around us, defining the movement of glaciers on rocky landscapes and the whizzing of a hard-disk drive in your computer. Regardless of the sector they work in, something all tribologists are obsessed with is friction, the resistive force that acts parallel to surfaces, either to hold stationary objects in place (static friction) or to slow down the motion between those that move (kinetic friction).
By measuring the friction forces between materials, and incorporating them into mathematical models that have been developed and updated over decades, tribologists can glean a deep and sophisticated understanding of surfaces. In doing so, they can find ways to control the friction that acts on them. Every system with connected parts, be it engineered or biological, has been designed with friction in mind. Sometimes the aim is to maximize it; to provide grip or traction between components even in extreme conditions. other times friction is the enemy, causing things to literally grind to a halt. Either way, we can’t ignore it, which is why friction is at the heart of this book. It is the thread that runs through the fabric of every chapter.
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In many ways, tribology is not a new science. Humanity has been exploring and manipulating surface interactions for millennia, far longer than we’ve had the equations or the tools needed to describe them. A famous example of this can be found in the burial tomb of Djehutihotep, a powerful provincial governor who lived in Upper Egypt 4,000 years ago. on the tomb’s richly decorated walls is a mural now dubbed Transport of the Colossus. It depicts a huge monument atop a wooden sled, dragged by a team of hauliers. A lone figure standing at the foot of the monument can be seen pouring liquid directly in front of the sled, in what was initially interpreted as a purely ceremonial act. Engineers who later saw the image wondered if there was more to it. Could this liquid also be an example of an early lubricant; a way to make it easier to slide the heavy sled along the sand?
In 2014, a team led by Professor Daniel Bonn set out to answer that question. The experimental design was pretty simple—they’d load a small sled with weights, pull it along samples of sand that had been mixed with varying quantities of water, and measure the forces involved. The metric they were most interested in was the coefficient of friction, μ (pronounced “mu”). This ratio is used a lot in tribology studies (and in engineering and science in general) because it gives you a clue as to how strongly two material surfaces interact with each other. The closer its value is to zero, the more easily the surfaces can start to slide. So steel-on-ice has a slightly lower μ than wood- on-ice (μ = 0.03 versus 0.05), whereas the frictional interaction of rubber-on-dry-asphalt is 18–30 times higher than either of them (μ = 0.9). This partly explains why tires help vehicles to stay on the road; we’ll cover much more on this in Chapter 5. By measuring the coefficient of friction of the sled being pulled along increasingly wet sand, Bonn could directly determine the effect that adding water had on the sand’s “slipperiness.”
Friction was high for all of the dry sand samples, with a typical μ of 0.55. Bonn attributed this to the “heap of sand [that] forms in front of the sled before it can really start to move”. As he increased the water content, the size of that sand heap decreased, as did the value of μ. In some cases, friction between the sled and the sand dropped by 40%, solely through the addition of water. But once the sand contained anything beyond about 5% water, friction began to climb again, making the sled harder to pull. The researchers concluded that for transporting objects along desert sand, there is an optimal amount of water that can aid in sliding. The mechanism behind it will be familiar to anyone who has ever filled and flipped over a bucket to make a sandcastle. If the sand inside it is dry, it will flow and spread out freely. In contrast, wet sand can retain its shape, thanks to the formation of water bridges between the sand grains. If you get the mix just right, the water holds the material together, providing a smooth, stiff surface on which to slide heavy objects. Speaking to the Washington Post back in 2014, Bonn said that if this lubricating mechanism were scaled up to the projected size of the giant stone monument, it would mean “that the Egyptians needed only half the men to pull over wet sand as compared to dry… the Egyptians were probably aware of this handy trick.”
The world of lubrication has largely moved on from using water. Today, there are thousands of lubricants available commercially, the majority of which are based on mineral oils (aka petroleum). What they all have in common is their aim: to reduce friction between moving surfaces, whether they’re inside a cheap lawnmower or a high-tech Martian Rover. The global market for these friction- reducing compounds is enormous, worth in excess of US$150 billion (£107 billion) in 2020. We’ll talk about some state-of-the art solid lubricants in Chapter 9. Water does still occasionally influence lubrication, especially in geological processes like landslides, and in the earthquakes and ice of Chapters 6 and 7. But more often than not, water, like many other fluids, exerts a friction force on surfaces. It drags on objects, slowing them down as they move through it. These particular resistive forces can be understood through fluid dynamics—the science of liquids and gases in motion—and their implications are widespread. As we’ll discover in Chapter 4, the flight of every ball and every aircraft is controlled by the air around it. For the swimmers among you, Chapter 3 will uncover what it takes to slice through water, and you’ll meet some underwater technologies that reduce water’s influence by pushing it away from surfaces.
There are, however, lots of things that for various reasons didn’t make it into this book. For example, something I’d originally planned to include was a chapter on the medical uses of surface science, from targeted drug delivery via engineered particles to designing implants that encourage cell adhesion and growth. Given that as I write these words (January 2021), the COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact the daily lives of everyone on the planet with a virus that can be transmitted by air and on surfaces, this omission is regrettable. But the truth is, I ran out of both time and space, for a topic that requires plenty of both. other chapters have merely changed focus. Chapter 2 was going to explore the many ways that animals use surface science to navigate and control their surroundings. Spiders, sea-urchins and sharks were all on the list of possibilities. Instead, the chapter now focuses on just one animal—the gecko. In researching this lizard I became captivated by it: the astonishing mechanisms behind its climbing ability, and the many technologies it has inspired. There are other examples from the natural world scattered throughout the rest of the book. In Chapter 8, I’ve taken a physicist’s perspective on our sense of touch, and of its role in human society. And finally, or perhaps, “firstly”, Chapter 1 is an introduction to all things adhesion, including descriptions of how some of the sticky and slippery products that I’m frequently asked about actually work.
At its heart, Sticky is a book about materials, and the forces at play on their surfaces. In one way or another, I’ve been professionally interested in this topic since 2007. That’s when I first got involved in a research project into the use of patterned surfaces to control both friction and fluid flow, which led to work on water-repellent materials, among other things. later, when I was writing Science and the City, these surface interactions just kept popping up, from the slipperiness of leaves on the railway line to the grip of tires to the road. The importance of friction to the modern world seemed laughably outsized compared to our knowledge or appreciation of it. That’s really when the idea for Sticky first took hold. once I started seeing things from the point of view of stuff-that-happens-on-surfaces, I couldn’t stop. This book is the result.
Sticky is not intended to be an exhaustive exploration of all known surface interactions. Nor is it trying to be a physics textbook, a mathematical treatise on friction, or a deep-dive into the best glues on the market. If that’s the level of knowledge you’re looking for, there are lots of other references that I will happily point you to. Instead, what you’ll find within these pages are my favorite examples of how the forces that act on the outer skin of materials can literally and figuratively shape the world around us. The implications of these forces cut across scientific disciplines, and as a result, our journey will take some surprising twists and turns. I think (hope?) that there’s something in here for everyone.
In researching these topics, I’ve been privileged to speak with an array of fascinating people from across science and society; all experts in their respective fields, they generously gave their time to talk to me and share their knowledge. To say “I owe them” would be an understatement. I’m excited for you to meet each of them.
So why not slip into something comfortable, stick on the kettle, and let me tell you some stories.
Excerpted from Sticky: The Secret Science of Surfaces by Laurie Winkless, published by Bloomsbury Sigma. | <urn:uuid:e855d53e-f02b-4d15-af80-1118904f0509> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sciencefriday.com/articles/slippery-sticky-materials/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.959351 | 2,709 | 3.5625 | 4 |
The following comment was submitted today to the EPA in support of the proposed Clean Power Plan rule. You can learn more about this rule here.
Here is the information for sending your own comment. Email email@example.com: Include docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2013-0602 in the subject line of the message
The South Carolina Small Business Chamber of Commerce supports the EPA’s proposed regulations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in every state including our own.
South Carolina has a vibrant small business coastal tourism economy which is threatened by sea-level rise resulting from carbon-pollution induced climate change. Our work with small businesses along our coast (www.scbars.org) clearly shows that small business owners are concerned about rising seas that threaten their local economies and they support transitioning to a clean energy economy to reduce those carbon emissions.
According to a recent Winthrop University poll 68 percent of our residents living in our coastal counties say that they are very sure or somewhat sure sea-level rise is or will be happening. Statewide 57.3 percent said that sea levels will rise with only 8% saying that sea levels are and will not rise.
The impending threat to our state from rising seas is not viewed as a far distant concern. The Winthrop poll found that over 46% of South Carolinians surveyed believe that the impact of rising seas will happen within 25 years, well within the average lifespan of most of our state residents.
We are taking our responsibility for sea-level rise resiliency planning seriously. This poll showed that over 73 percent of South Carolinians support state and local governments taking actions to make our coastal communities better prepared for sea-level rise and its impacts. In fact, our organization has been encouraging coastal municipalities to begin this planning process with several already taking steps to move forward with this effort.
However, no small business, local government or citizen wants to face the scientific projections of the highest sea level rise that would overwhelm our best resiliency planning efforts. The newest interactive platforms for assessing inundation threats from different sea-level rise scenarios clearly show that resiliency planning must go hand in hand with strong efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions if we are to effectively protect our coastal economies.
While each small business and resident can contribute to carbon emission reduction, only a federal effort can truly address the magnitude of the problem in the timeframe needed. Much of the articulated concern by utilities, big industries and even some small businesses is either unfounded or the result of fear tactics of opponents of the proposed EPA rules.
Having successfully intervened in utility energy rate cases in South Carolina for over 12 years, our experience is that dire warnings from energy companies about the need for higher rates is in every case vastly overblown. For example, in 2012 South Carolina Electric & Gas (SCE&G) requested an average 6.6 percent general electricity rate increase but finally agreed to only a 1.38 percent net increase. The following year SCE&G’s profitability drove its parent company, SCANA, to a 12 percent increase in earnings.
While any legitimate concern about the EPA proposed carbon rules should be addressed, they should not distract us from the essential goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions being produced by this country, an effort that will be replicated by other nations facing similar threats from climate change.
Our organization stands ready to work with the EPA to achieve our state’s carbon reduction goal. We do so for the preservation of our small business coastal tourism economy.
Frank Knapp Jr.
President and CEO
South Carolina Small Business Chamber of Commerce
1717 Gervais Street
Columbia, SC 29201 | <urn:uuid:ac5b38f6-1a1b-4b54-b1ed-487568f649e5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://scsbc.org/south-carolina-small-business-chamber-sends-supporting-comment-epa-proposed-carbon-regulation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.937927 | 761 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Only a minority of economists correctly predicted that the US economy would contract last quarter. The number who expect it to keep shrinking in the current period is even smaller.
Gross domestic product declined for a second straight quarter in the April-June period, the government reported last week, cueing a debate about whether the US is in a recession. The 0.9% decline compared with a median forecast for growth of 0.4% in Bloomberg’s survey of economists.
For the current period, economists are more upbeat — the median expectation is for growth of 1.7% — and there are fewer negative numbers in the survey, with only five out of 55 participants anticipating another contraction.
Still, the pessimists were right last time. Here’s why the five gloomiest forecasters in Bloomberg’s survey expect the US economy to keep shrinking.
“The compositional mix is bothering us,” says Michael Gapen, the newly appointed US chief economist at Bank of America. He expects a decline in GDP of 0.5% this quarter, followed by further contractions through early 2023.
The shock to real income that consumers have experienced, as inflation raises the cost of non-discretionary items such as food and energy, is weighing on confidence, Gapen says.
“Of course we are in a recession,” says John Dunham, a managing partner at research firm John Dunham & Associates. He expects a “shallow recession” to continue until at least next year, with a variety of factors sapping momentum from the US economy.
“Inflation is likely to continue at high levels well into the foreseeable future, and could get much worse depending on international relations, US fiscal and monetary policies, and regulatory policy which appears to be getting far worse,” Dunham says.
Academic economists stress that the negative GDP reading for the second-quarter is an advance estimate that’s highly susceptible to a revision. But Leo Feler at UCLA Anderson Forecast says the “combination of higher interest rates and waning consumer demand is what I think might trigger a further and broader contraction of the economy later this year and early into 2023.”
Consumers are also using up the savings they accumulated during the past two years, Feler says. “It doesn’t look like we’re in a recession yet, but it’s still fairly early in the tightening cycle.”
Mikhail Melnik, an economics professor at Kennesaw State University in Georgia, says that inflation and ongoing disruptions in supply chains pushed the US into a recession at some point in the first half of this year. The surge in prices isn’t the kind that can easily be addressed by monetary policy, he says.
“Consumers feel poorer and have to cut spending on discretionary items,” Melnik says. “The middle class is essentially being squeezed out of this economy.”
Bill Dunkelberg, chief economist at the National Federation of Independent Business, says small-business hiring and spending decisions are shaped by views about the outlook for everything from politics and economic policy to market conditions and the weather. The latest survey of his group’s members shows a very negative outlook.
Employment is still robust with plentiful job openings and rising wages, which doesn’t sound like a recession, but the production side is faltering. Business owners expect sales to keep falling and more firms plan on reducing inventory. “These indicators make a very strong case for a decline in economic activity,” Dunkleberg says. | <urn:uuid:1b22ad0b-405c-431c-8770-217d572c543a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news-fast-news/meet-the-doomsayers-five-who-say-us-economy-will-keep-shrinking/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.950926 | 772 | 1.9375 | 2 |
❖ Browsing media by apc
On 2-5 May 2022, UNESCO and the Republic of Uruguay hosted the annual World Press Freedom Day Global Conference in a hybrid format in Punta Del Este, Uruguay. Under the theme “Journalism under Digital Siege”, participants discussed the impact of the digital era on freedom of expression, the safety of journalists, privacy and access to information.
As part of this timely initiative, APC and the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Expression, Irene Khan, co-organised a session on 3 May focusing on a key aspect of disinformation: its gendered component.
Building on our previous work on disinformation and gendered disinformation, APC believes it is key to continue to focus on the impact of disinformation on women and gender-diverse people. Gendered disinformation particularly targets women journalists, women human rights defenders (WHRDs) and women in politics.
To raise specific examples of how this type of disinformation works and how to address it, we talked with:
Irene Khan, United Nations Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
Lucina di Mecco, of the #ShePersisted campaign
Nkemakonam Agunwa, of Witness organisation
Julissa Mantilla, president of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
Paula Martins, of the Association for Progressive Communications, facilitated the discussion. | <urn:uuid:86c88946-e0c5-4cd2-ad5b-033c57af31b3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://videos.apc.org/u/apc/m/we-should-be-talking-about-gendered-disinformation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.848326 | 299 | 2.03125 | 2 |
On the graph of popularity, The Revolt of 1857 stands at the top because a vast variety of people from almost all classes within the nation (of course in the making- perhaps a process still going on) find some elements to emphasize with. This Revolt, by its sheer nature and density, has acquired its place in people’s history that represents the rational analysis of the storehouse of memory. People’s history includes in itself the history of an elite as well as folk, constructing a record of events that is handed over from one generation to another.
The Revolt 1857, the first major challenge to the might of the British power, did not begin abruptly. The sense of dissension among sepoys and to some extend among general people against designs of their colonial masters was taking root much before the real Revolt had broken out. The immediate cause of the Revolt was officially made public by a proclamation issued at Delhi by the band of sepoys from Meerut who reached Delhi on 11 May 1857 and appealed Bahadur Shah II to become their leader. These sepoys had, just the previous day (10 May 1857) defied and killed the European officers, and marched straight away to Delhi – the symbol of power. The proclamation issued by them read: “it is well known that in these days all the English have entertained the evil designs-first, to destroy the religion of the whole Hindustani Army and then to make the people by compulsion Christians. Therefore, we solely on account of our religion, have combined with the people, and have not spared alive one infidel, and have re-established the Delhi dynasty on these terms.”
Read Also: Mangal Pandey
Although the Revolt stated with the Bengal Army Sepoys and the unhappiness of the sepoys first came to the fore in 1824 when the sepoys of 47th regiment was ordered to go to Burma because to the religious Hindu, crossing the sea meant forfeiture of caste, the section of general population also revolted in towns and villages which were near the cantonments which were strewed from Bengal to the North West Frontier, Rajasthan, and Central India.
These uprisings intensified into terse mass wars of national freedom in 1857-58, particularly in the kingdom of Awadh which had been, in the recent past, annexed by the officers of the East India Company, and also in some areas like Jhansi and Bhojpur.
Reach of the Revolt of 1857
The Revolt at Meerut and the proclamation of Bahadur Shah II as the Shahenshah-e-Hindustan proved to be the precursor to a widespread rebellion almost all over North India as well as Central and Western India.
Within a month of the event of the capture of Delhi the Revolt expanded to different parts of the country; the major centres of the rebellion were: Kanpur, Lucknow, Allahabad, Benaras, Bareilly, Jagdishpur, and Jhansi.
The view that the Revolt of 1857 represents an entire range of legends in Indian national subconsciousness takes strength from the fact that the revolt was explicitly recorded. Authenticating the view K.M. Pannikar and Bipin Chandra pen down (in their Book: India’s Struggle for Independence), “The rebel activity was marked by intense anti-British feelings, and the administration was invariably toppled.”
The rebels as they did not have leaders, turned to the territorial aristocrats and feudal chiefs who had bitter experience of suffering at the hands of the British because, according to the understanding of the rebel sepoys, they were the traditional leaders of Indian society.
At Kanpur, Nana Saheb became the natural choice to lead the rebellion-Adopted son of the last Peshwa Baji Rao II, Nana Saheb, after refusing the family title and abandoning Poona, was living near Kanpur.
At Lucknow Begam Hazrat Mahal took over the reign as in Lucknow popular sympathy was immensely in favour of the deposed Nawab. A regular administration was organized in which important offices were shared equally by Hindus and Muslims.
At Bareilly, Khan Bahadur was chosen to take command. Khan Bahadur, though in the beginning was reluctant to take this responsibility, took the charge of administration, once the Revolt broke up and spread, and organized an army of 40,000 soldiers and gave a tough fight to the British.
It was Kanwar Singh, the zamindar of Jagdishpur, at the age of 70 who took the charge of leading the Revolt in Bihar. He had a personal grudge against the British because they had deprived him of his estates.
Jhansi’s Rani Lakshmibai, the most outstanding leader of the Revolt and who took the leadership of sepoys, also had the personal grudge against the British as they had declined to allow her adopted son to succeed to the throne after the demise of her husband and annexed her state by using the Doctrine of Lapse. The emerged as one of the most formidable enemies the British had to confront.
All these events created enemies for Lord Dalhousie’s successor Lord Canning. The policies, which the British implemented, of modernization and progress at the cost of tradition created the fuel that was ignited by the cartridge controversy. The slogan emerged “customs and religion in danger”. Muslims and Hindus both felt threatened and endangered. Working people such as Muslim artisans and weavers, Hindu archers, popularly known as Pasis, who were traditionally village guards also participated, must more actively than it could have been anticipated at that time, in the Revolt, giving the Revolt a pan-Indian Character in which, in fact, all listened to the call of dharma of deen.
Don’t Miss: Governor Generals and Viceroys of India
Why the Revolt of 1857 failed
In the sense of bringing the immediate result of obtaining liberation from the British the Revolt, of course, failed. However, the Revolt boosted the confidence of India as a whole in the sense that they had realized their power to resist and fight for the greater cause.
It can be easily come to the conclusion that the Indian side cracked into countless fractured interests as the Indian aspect of the Revolt showed the lack of unity whereas colonialism presented a United front.
Significance of the Revolt of 1857
The real significance of the Revolt lies in highlighting ways in which colonialism had contracted different Indian regions since the battle of Plessey. The Revolt extended the heritage of resistance to British arrogance that was demonstrated by the Sikh Khalsa and Talpur Mirs of Sindh in the 1840s, by the Afghans, the Burmese, and the Marathas in the previous 50 years, and by Tipu Sultan and Hyder Ali in Mysore and the Policers in further South. | <urn:uuid:e8ed97e2-7bec-4177-b705-f7ad9cb6d7ed> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://syskool.com/revolt-1857-first-war-independence/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.975606 | 1,455 | 3.359375 | 3 |
audio example by a male speaker
audio example by a female speaker
the above transcription of sprung is a detailed (narrow) transcription according to the rules of the International Phonetic Association; you can find a description of each symbol by clicking the phoneme buttons in the secction below.
press buttons with phonetic symbols to learn how to precisely pronounce each sound of sprung
press the "test" button to check how closely you can replicate the pitch of a native speaker in your pronunciation of sprung
An example use of sprung in a speech by a native speaker of standard german:
“… ist ja hier im sprung oder was weiß ich …”
the word sprung occurs in german on average 12.5 times per one million words; this frequency warrants it to be in the study list for C1 level of language mastery according to CEFR, the Common European Framework of Reference. | <urn:uuid:6d5bb49a-258c-4c58-9051-409cd1b5d588> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://accenthero.com/app/pronunciation-practice/german/standard/sprung | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.824729 | 192 | 2.65625 | 3 |
How Your Donation Makes a Difference
A donation of 160 (approx. $0.10 per km) is equivalent to one beneficiary's transport expense for a week to attend MDAS programme.
A donation of $400 (approx. $0.25 per km) will fund three weeks worth of training expenses (in boccia and power soccer) for a beneficiary.
A donation of $1600 (approx. $1 per km) will fund three months' training expenses (in boccia and power soccer) for a beneficiary.
A donation of $3200 (approx. $2 per km) will fund the medical support for the entire sports programmes for half a year.
About Campaignends 20 May 2018, 11:59 PM
MDAS provides programmes, services and subsidies to maximise the quality of life of its beneficiaries. One way to improve the quality of life of its beneficiaries is to promote the importance of sports; its beneficiaries enjoy weekly sports sessions, subsidised heavily by MDAS.
This year, the 24 Hour Static Kayaking Challenge is back for its 6th edition. It will be held on the 19-20th May at the Star Vista, and we need your help to make our efforts go further!
How you can help
Buy a T-shirt: Do a good cause and get a brand-new dri-fit T-shirt! All proceeds from T-shirt sales go to MDAS's sports subsidy scheme, and directly benefit those living with MD. Visit the link here https://goo.gl/forms/JNDGqXq8psBm0u8o2 to place an order!
Pledge a donation by 20th May:
Donate now and bring sports closer to people with MD! All donations go directly to MDAS, and will not be used to offset event expenditure.
About the Charity
The Muscular Dystrophy Association (Singapore), MDAS, is a non-profit social service agency that empowers persons with Muscular Dystrophy and their families through programmes and services. MDAS is a full member of NCSS and a registered charity with IPC (Institution of Public Character) status.
Since our inception in March 2000, our mission is:
- To provide care and support to people with Muscular Dystrophy;
- To provide health and public education on Muscular Dystrophy;
- And to support medical research on Muscular Dystrophy
Muscular Dystrophy (MD) is a group of genetic physical conditions characterised by muscle-weakening and contractures. Persons with MD face challenges with activities of daily living, from flipping a page in a book, to toileting and bathing. Many persons with MD have to rely on mobility aids, especially a motorised wheelchair, in order to commute. There is currently no known cure for MD.
Your generous donation will go towards supporting MDAS's operating expenditure in providing programmes, services, all supporting costs for over 500 beneficiaries and sustain its operating activities. | <urn:uuid:758a8704-10e2-46e4-a657-c7fec65f85e5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.giving.sg/mdas/hci_24_hour_static_kayaking_challenge_ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.929063 | 638 | 1.65625 | 2 |
If a printer/device is added as a tty device, the queuing system looks for carrier detect (CD) to recognize the printer. If the device is an LP device, the queuing system uses CTS to detect the printer.
Following is a list of print queue status conditions:
|DEV_BUSY|| Identifies that:
|DEV_WAIT|| Indicates that the queue is waiting for the printer because the printer is offline, out of paper, jammed, or the cable is loose, bad, or wired incorrectly.
Normal Recovery: To recover from a DEV_WAIT, you must correct the problem that caused it to wait. Check to see if the printer is offline, out of paper, jammed, or loosely cabled. It may be easier for diagnostic testing to use the enq command to move all queued jobs from the DEV_WAIT queue to another queue that is either printing or is DOWN. After the problem is corrected, you can move any unprinted jobs back to the original queue.
DEV_WAIT can also be caused by improper flow control to the printer, particularly when using XON/XOFF software control. Use SMIT to see if you are using the proper flow control (XON/XOFF or DTR pacing).
|DOWN|| Specifies that the device driver cannot communicate with the printer (CD or CTS dropped or is low) after TIMEOUT seconds. The TIMEOUT value indicates the amount of time, in seconds, that the queuing system waits for a printer operation to complete. You can set this value using SMIT.
A queue usually goes into the DOWN state after it has been in the DEV_WAIT state. If a queue goes directly into the DOWN state, either the TIMEOUT value is too small or there are cabling problems. Usually, this situation occurs when the printer device driver cannot tell if the printer is there due to the absence of correct signaling. However, some printers cannot signal the queuing system that they are only offline. These printers signal that they are off; they drop CTS (if an lp) or drop CD (if a tty).
If the printer device is off, the queue goes into the DOWN state. The system administrator can bring a queue to the DOWN state for maintenance with the queuing commands (qadm, disable, enq, and others).
Normal recovery: Correct the problem that brought the queue down and bring the queue back up using the qadm, enable, or enq commands with appropriate flags. The queue must be manually brought up before it can be used again.
|HELD||Specifies that the job is held and will not be put on the queue until it is released using the qhld or enq commands|
|OPR_WAIT||Specifies that the backend program is waiting for the operator to perform a task such as loading paper. This is usually software-related.|
|QUEUED||Specifies that a print file is queued and is waiting in line to be printed.|
|READY||Specifies that everything involved with the queue is ready to queue and print a job.|
|RUNNING||Specifies that a print file is printing.|
|UNKNOWN||Specifies that a user created a queue on a device file that another queue is using and that its status is DEV_WAIT. The queue cannot get a status from the printer device (lp0) when it is on hold (DEV_WAIT).|
The following status conditions apply to remote queues:
|CONNECT||Specifies that the backend is trying to connect to the remote host.|
|GET_HOST||Specifies that the backend is getting the host to which the print job will be sent.|
|INITING||Specifies that the backend is in the process of establishing a connection to the network.|
|SENDING||Specifies that the backend is sending the print job to the remote host.| | <urn:uuid:50f3e5bd-64a7-450b-bfac-f74a052bbe6c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://ps-2.kev009.com/tl/techlib/manuals/adoclib/aixbman/printrgd/prtqueue.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.906501 | 843 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is considerably more common in men than women. Preliminary data suggest that androgens may play a role in the male predominance of apnea. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by menstrual disturbances, androgen excess, and frequently obesity. These features suggest that women with PCOS may be at increased risk for OSA. To determine whether obese women with PCOS have an increased prevalence of sleep apnea compared with age and weight-matched reproductively normal women, we performed overnight polysomnography for determination of the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in 18 obese women with PCOS and age and weight-matched control women. Additional measurements included waist, hip, and neck circumferences, serum total testosterone, unbound testosterone, and DHEAS. Women with PCOS had a higher AHI than controls (22.5 +/- 6.0, vs. 6.7 +/- 1.0, P = 0.008). Women with PCOS were also more likely to suffer from symptomatic OSA syndrome (44.4% vs. 5.5%, P = 0.008). AHI correlated with waist-hip ratio (r = 0.51, P < 0.03), serum testosterone (r = 0.52, P < 0.03) and unbound testosterone (r = 0.50, P < 0.05) in women with PCOS. We conclude that obese women with PCOS are at increased risk of OSA when compared with matched reproductively normal women. Women with PCOS should be carefully questioned regarding symptoms of sleep apnea. | <urn:uuid:5157ade9-f5b0-43b0-8b2b-207d042d5ce7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11238505/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.945834 | 342 | 1.875 | 2 |
Preschool Worksheets With 3- Letter Words – Preschool Worksheets With 3- Letter Words can additionally offer as suggestions when things are out of area, whether it’s in the class, at residence, or in your very own mind. When you see that there is a mistake made, making use of a worksheet can help you advise on your own of what you have to do next.
Numerous kids are so ecstatic concerning learning! They enjoy playing, learning through activity, reviewing many publications, as well as a lot more. A kid’s education and learning is frequently on top of their listings and is generally their favorite topic to talk about with moms and dads as well as siblings . This is why it is essential that they appreciate their discovering by receiving a lot of high quality preschool products that are enjoyable for them.
There are numerous sites readily available today that has hundreds of distinct and also engaging Preschool Worksheets With 3- Letter Words that your kids will certainly delight in working on, while they are having enjoyable. These websites provide complimentary Preschool Worksheets With 3- Letter Words that are really useful, simple to make use of, as well as printable. These worksheets are made specifically for kids ages 6 as well as up so that you can be ensured that your kid will certainly take pleasure in functioning on them.
The wonderful point concerning these Preschool Worksheets With 3- Letter Words is that they make learning fun for the kid. By playing and making their very own worksheets, they can reveal off their imagination, find out new skills, as well as take pleasure in making their own selections.
There are many various benefits to utilizing these types of free Preschool Worksheets With 3- Letter Words. The primary advantage is that they make learning fun for your kid.
One more excellent advantage of Preschool Worksheets With 3- Letter Words is that you can make use of these online resources for free. You do not have to pay anything to download these kinds of websites or pay a solitary penny for any kind of printable worksheets that they give.
Because they are conveniently offered, Preschool Worksheets With 3- Letter Words are additionally a great resource. There is a lot of fun as well as creative ones to select from, which indicates that you can locate just the ideal ones for your youngster. You can discover a series of dimensions, colors, motifs, styles, as well as tasks to match with any kind of style that you intend to show your kid. | <urn:uuid:4d00b7a0-6355-445f-b27d-5d777c4d59b9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://preschoolworksheets123.com/preschool-worksheets-with-3-letter-words/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.975735 | 519 | 2.125 | 2 |
While it does not apply to all businesses, by any means, there are presently some spectacular instances in the corporate world on our side of the Pond (the UK) of CEOs being blamed for recent performance in several sectors. Some criticism may be valid but when the executive has only been there for a short time there is distinct possibility that the rot set in much earlier. It may be simply that it was not noticed or even known by the management or ownership.
The importance of Corporate Governance may well be highlighted. It also flags the importance of really understanding, when considering a position, what you may be taking on where assignments have well defined and broad responsibilities. Sometimes the details are not easy to find and it is necessary to drill deep.
The situation is of further importance when considering the fast changing environments in which we work today with shorter cycles and business plans. As inevitable as that may be it does not change the fact that some challenges take longer to fix than others, and some may even be difficult to quickly discover.
Our tips are to do your research in detail before you enter discussions and prepare well. Ask great questions at interviews and have no fear of dealing with the difficult ones. Any hesitation by a company will likely give you an indication of the culture you are considering joining.
If you can, speak to previous incumbents and attempt to discover reasons for departures. Speak to others in the know. Try to define expectations and timescales and get them agreed. Finally make sure you allow the facts to override your opinion and impressions.
The worst that could happen is that you accept a position where you understand the challenges, timescale and levers you will need to engage.
Whatever the case do not become a scapegoat. | <urn:uuid:cd473e30-74ae-4579-b352-2b06ea144b06> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hotelsmag.com/blog/scapegoat-wanted-apply-within/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.967945 | 349 | 1.695313 | 2 |
16 Feb 2009
- Need for the V2 Standard
- Inception, Growth and Organizational Structure
- On V2 Message Encoding and Structural Components
- V2 Message Acknowledgement Mechanisms
- Minimal Lower Layer Protocol (MLLP)
This is an introductory tutorial on the HL7 2.x standard (often to referred to as "V2"). I just cover just enough basics to get you started. In the subsequent tutorials, we will dive into the details more when we look at it from a software development or configuration perspective.
The abbreviation “HL7” stands for “Health Level Seven, Inc.”. It is a standards developing organization (SDO) that is accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The organization was founded in 1987 to produce a standard for the exchange/integration/sharing/retrieval of electronic health information. Before the HL7 standard arrived, hospitals and other healthcare organizations would typically have many different software applications running on a variety of operating systems and hardware platforms and running in isolation. Even when these applications supported some network connectivity, they would exchange information using proprietary protocols. This made integration of applications, particularly from different vendors, very difficult. For example, a patient registration system would be unable to communicate with a billing system, or a laboratory system, and therefore, these systems would be unable to provide a consolidated view of a patient’s profile for use by healthcare professionals. As a result, most organizations were often locked into proprietary technologies/solutions, and the costs and risks associated with implementing, integrating and maintaining healthcare systems was extremely high.
All this has changed since 1987 when the HL7 organization was created, and its membership has grown from a modest 14 members in 1987 to over 2200 members worldwide, including 500 corporate members today and International Affiliates in 33 countries. The V2 standard published by this organization provided rules on how messages for various events occurring within the healthcare domain should be structured, formatted, transmitted and received (note: there was no official release of a 'V1 standard' and was a proof of concept only**). The “transmit/acknowledge” communication model forms the core principle of information delivery in systems following the HL7 standard. Acceptance grew rapidly as healthcare organizations as well as vendors realized the benefits it offered. Since the standard did not impose any specific network protocol for information delivery, software systems could communicate using a variety of transport protocols such as LLP, FTP and SMTP (more on all of this later). Besides developing standards to increase the effectiveness, efficiency and quality of their healthcare information delivery, the group also collaborates with other standards development organizations and national and international sanctioning bodies in the development of supportive and compatible standards (e.g., DICOM, IHE). Any one can become a member and can get access to published standards and other information at a highly discounted rate. The group has also begun offering a certification exam testing the standard’s core concepts. The certification might be useful to have if you want to make yourself more marketable as a systems integrator, software developer or a consultant. Please visit the organization’s website for more information on the certification.
Nothing diminishes anxiety faster than action. ~ Walter Anderson
Before you continue reading my article any further, you may also want to take a pause and [watch this excellent video by Marc Kohli explaining the typical workflow in radiology including how the HL7 standard (along with other standards such as DICOM) fits within it. I feel that this video really explains the big picture of how HL7 integrates into the larger healthcare workflow within any hospital network.
V2 messages sent and received can be any one of the hundreds of message types that are defined in the HL7 message vocabulary. These HL7 messages are often created and sent by an information system in response to an occurrence of an event such as a patient admission, a patient discharge or a it may be a query to another system. And each message contains information about that event. And further, each of these HL7 messages are themselves made up of segments. These segments are considered the real building blocks of HL7 messages although the segments themselves are in turn comprised of fields. A segment has a three-character name and a pre-defined format of specific fields. The fields are separated by the “|” (pipe) character and may be further divided into sub-components with the “^” character. A “PID” segment for example contains information patient information such as ID numbers, name, address and date of birth. Different HL7 events trigger different message types - each message type has a defined set of segments that are joined together to provide all the required information regarding that event. Some segments are mandatory, and must be included in the message, and other segments are optional.
For example, an “ADT^A01” message (“ADT” stands for “Admission, Discharge, Transfer”) is sent because of a patient undergoing the admission process which assigns the patient to a bed. It signals the beginning of a patient’s stay in a healthcare facility. This event can trigger a notification to other auxiliary systems, say, a pharmacy system that a patient has been admitted and may be legitimately prescribed drugs; the nursing system that the patient has been admitted and needs a care plan prepared; the finance system of the start of the billing period; the laboratory, pathology and the radiology systems that a patient has been admitted and is entitled to receive services. This message is comprised of the MSH, EVN, PID, PV1 segments and sometimes more. The MSH segment contains details about the message such as sending and receiving systems, dates and message type. the EVN segment contains details about the triggered event such as event type, event date/time, the person that triggered the event. The PID segment contains details about the relevant patient. PV1 segment contains details of the patient’s visit to hospital, such as visit number, ward/bed, attending doctor, financial classification. So, all relevant information about the patient admission event is communicated to the receiving systems using this message. In the same manner, other information pertaining to patient, observation, finance and billing-related information can also be communicated between various software systems. The HL7 standards manual available from HL7 Inc. provides extensive details on trigger events, message types, and segments. interoperability between local vendors. Please refer to the standards body relevant to your country for more details.
When the incoming message (see screen capture of sample ADT A01 message above) reaches the receiving system, a message acknowledgment (called “ACK” in HL7) is transmitted back to the sending system (shown in my screen capture below). This acknowledgment can take many different forms based on how well the receiving system was able to process the incoming message. If the message was successfully processed, a positive ACK message is sent to the sending system and the communication is concluded for that message. In HL7, a positive ACK is communicated by using an AA (Application Acknowledgment) value in the first field of the MSA segment of the transmitted the 3rd field in the MSA segment of the acknowledgment contains the same message control ID that was in the message created by the sending system. This permits the sending system to match the acknowledgment to the original message that it transmitted earlier. If there were errors during the processing of the incoming message, then negative acknowledgments (called “NACK” in HL7) are transmitted back to the sending system. The transmitting system can then diagnose, fix, and later resend the failed message back to the receiving system. A negative ACK is indicated by using an AE (Application Error) value in the first field of the MSA segment. This code indicates that were either a problem with the message structure, or the message itself.
The V2 standard proposed a transport protocol built on top of the TCP/IP protocol called Minimal Lower Layer Protocol (MLLP). It is essentially a wrapping protocol where the core HL7 message is enveloped in special characters to signal the start and end of transmission of message information to the receiving application. HL7 messages transmitted using the MLLP protocol are prefixed with a start block character, message segments are terminated with a segment separator, and the messages themselves are then terminated with two characters namely an end block and a carriage return character. Most often, the character typically used to signify start block is a VT (vertical tab), which is ASCII 11. The FS (file separator), ASCII 28, is used to signify end block, and CR (ASCII 13), is used for carriage return. However, implementing sites are free to customize these to use different characters as and when necessary.
This forms the foundation on which the protocol is built. In my next article in this series, I will illustrate, using examples both in Java and C#, how to transmit, receive, parse and acknowledge HL7 messages using the MLLP protocol, which is the most popular form of transmitting and receiving HL7 messages today.
*You should read René Spronk's excellent article here if you are interested in digging a little deeper into the beginnings of the HL7 standard, . | <urn:uuid:ce08d3bb-bc85-4e83-b49e-91f8cfb35dac> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://saravanansubramanian.com/hl72xintro/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.940736 | 1,919 | 1.804688 | 2 |
This week, Sony Interactive Entertainment, the division behind the PlayStation, announced a new feature to the platform: PlayStation Stars. The new feature aims to take on the Microsoft Points system, though this one appears to be limited to the PlayStation ecosystem. Gamers will be rewarded with Stars for specific tasks which can be exchanged for rewards. While this sounds much like similar loyalty programs, Sony made a significant mistake: referring to "digital collectibles."
The NFT Connection
For one reason or another, one of the things that have become a naughty word in the gaming industry has been NFTs or non-fungible tokens. These theoretically unique assets have garnered a lot of hate among the gaming community, so it was no surprise when gamers became concerned about the phrase "digital collectibles." The idea of Sony getting into the NFT space was not a welcomed one for most gamers, who see NFTs as a way for companies to profit off of gamers. Sony rewarding users with NFTs was seen as opening up a secondary market of one-of-a-kind collectibles that could and would be traded, sold, and eventually stolen.
The rumors were driven by a section of text from the announcement, which read,
They are digital representations of things that PlayStation fans enjoy, including figurines of beloved and iconic characters from games and other forms of entertainment, as well as cherished devices that tap into Sony's history of innovation. There will always be a new collectible to earn, an ultra-rare collectible to strive for, or something surprising to collect just for fun.
Sony was quick to step on these rumors and fears. In statements to online publications, company spokespeople said that while some of the collectibles would be rare, the technology is not based on a blockchain and none of the collectibles are one-of-a-kind - both being requirements for NFTs.
The digital collectibles are only part of the rewards system, though. Players can also get loyalty points which can be used to purchase real items, including in-game items, Store items, and even direct Store currency. This new feature will be free to join and will be completely separate from the newly revised PlayStation Play.
This is far from the only backlash to NFTs in gaming. Some of the response has been reasonable, seeing a new way for companies to make money off of gamers who have already spent a lot of money on a game. Some of the response, however, seems to be a misunderstanding about what an NFT is, or how it might be included.
One of the best examples of a place where NFTs would make gaming better is existing in-game items. Take, for example, a limited-edition skin in a game like Fortnite. The skins are made available for a short period of time and are never available again. However, if you are a new player of the game, then there is no chance that you can ever get that skin. If those skins were purchased and owned as an NFT, it could be bought and sold safely at any point in existence.
For other games, these in-game items can be transferred currently, but it can be unsafe. You could give it to someone, but what if you want to sell it? One player is required to take a huge risk of loss: either the buyer gives the money and hopes the seller shows up in-game to transfer the item, or the seller gives the item in-game and hopes the buyer sends the money. Through a secure blockchain system, those item sales and transfers would be safe and guaranteed. | <urn:uuid:70aba3bb-0f3e-4467-9864-a213cc95bd98> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://plughitzlive.com/theupstream/3728-sony-is-definitely-not-releasing-playstation-nfts-as-rewards.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.965119 | 740 | 1.554688 | 2 |
“It is clear our government only helps those who protest”
Nontembiso Ngcumshe was four years old when her mother moved with her and other evicted farm workers to Kei Road Township, 24km outside Bhisho, in the 1940s. When Ngcumshe’s mother died in early 2000, she was still waiting for her RDP house.
Ngcumshe, who is now 77, says: “By the look of things, I will also die waiting for a house.”
“My mother only managed to build this two-roomed shack. She lived in it until she died. I’m now sharing it with my daughter and two grandchildren,” she said.
The shack, made of old zinc sheets, leaks. We visited the area three days after it had rained. The floor was still wet. Water floods in from the back of the shack.
“We are promised RDP houses since 1996. When they want votes, they tell us about RDP houses,” she said.
But houses may finally be on the horizon for the elderly women who have been waiting for the past 26 years. A housing project is expected to commence within the year, pending budget approvals and contract awards.
At a community meeting of mostly elderly women, community leaders were asked about the houses. During the last year’s municipal elections, they were told that houses would be built in Kei Road Township and nearby Gasela township in June 2022.
June came and went with no sign of housing construction.
“Gasela staged a protest, closing roads with burning tyres. In no time a contractor was hired. Because we didn’t protest we are told to wait,” said Ngcumshe. “It is clear our government only helps those who protest.”
Edna Bavuma, 71, lives with her 47-year-old son in a three-roomed dwelling with an old zinc sheet roof and walls of loose red brick bound by wires.
When it rains, she is up all night emptying buckets that she hangs from beams beneath the leaks in her roof.
“This is the house my husband managed to build before he died. That was before I had my sons. My husband was working on farms. Unfortunately for me, I could not look for a job because of my two boys, both were mentally challenged. The second born has passed on, it is now the two of us in this house full of holes,” said Bavuma.
“As much as I have lost hope, it is my wish that I receive a house before I die, so that when I meet my husband I can tell him about living in a decent house, because he died crying for an RDP house. It really depressed him that he could not build us a proper house,” she said.
Community leader Thembinkosi Kolobile said, “We can not run away from the fact that the department appointed the contractor for Gasela after they staged a protest.”
He said Kei Road Township existed before Gasela.
“What is so sad about this delay is that the elderly people are demanding answers from us and we do not have them, because the department keeps on postponing,” he said.
Yanga Funani, spokesperson for the Eastern Cape MEC for Human Settlements, said the Kei Road Northern Node Housing Project for the construction of 200 houses and 421 serviced sites is under procurement. The R49-million budget is yet to be approved. Funani said the tender is expected to be awarded around mid-September, but did not commit to this.
Funani confirmed that appointments had been made for the planning and construction of the Gasela 75 Housing Project.
Dodgy people are suing us. Please support us by contributing to our legal costs and helping us to publish news that matters. | <urn:uuid:e08eb843-3592-4c91-a602-f2b3ef937963> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://afro.news/2022/07/27/south-africa-where-are-the-houses-we-were-promised-in-1996-ask-the-elderly-women-of-kei-road/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.986126 | 822 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Both species were severely impacted by the 2019/20 bushfires.
Scientists have recorded rare ant hotspots and Australia is well and truly on the map.
We explore how, where and when animals use underpasses, and if there are hidden dangers, like predators, lurking within.
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Barossa Valley, South Australia
Perhaps Australia’s most famous wine region, the Barossa has some of the world’s oldest vines – some over a century old – and a German-influenced growing heritage dating back to 1842. The most common grape in the 13,000ha of vines is shiraz.
Margaret River, Western Australia
Although it was settled by Europeans in the 1830s, Margaret River didn’t become a wine-producing area until 1970s scientific work identified its gravelly sandy loam and Mediterranean climate as being perfect for growing grapes. Now with 155 wineries, it is renowned for powerful and elegant chardonnay and cabernet sauvignon.
A picture-perfect WA sunset, as witnessed from the coast near Margaret River’s wineries.
Tamar Valley, Tasmania
The oldest of Tasmania’s wine areas, dating back to the mid 1800s, the Tamar Valley north of Hobart now produces about 40 per cent of the state’s wine. Pinot noir is the top drop, though chardonnay, riesling, sauvignon blanc, pinot gris and gewurztraminer are also grown.
The country’s unchallenged capital of fortified wine, Rutherglen has been producing top drops since the gold rushes of the 1850s. The loamy soils, hot days and cold nights provide favourable conditions for the region’s rare treasures: sweet tokays, muscats, ports and unique fortified aged white.
Hunter Valley, New South Wales
The Hunter Valley, around 120km north of Sydney in New South Wales, is the historic heart of winemaking in Australia. The region has about 130 wineries and its semillon is regarded as the world benchmark. Other main varieties are chardonnay, shiraz and verdelho.
The Hunter Valley is the sixth most visited place in Australia attracting more than 2.5 million people annually.
The Coonawarra’s terra rossa soil is perhaps the most famous soil in Australia. A red clay with eroded limestone, it is perfect for growing cabernet sauvignon. That, combined with the Mediterranean climate and a regular cloud cover that moderates the summer ripening period, make Coonawarra wines world famous.
McLaren Vale, South Australia
Australia’s most environmentally progressive wine region, McLaren Vale has 87 grape growers signed up to its sustainable winegrowing scheme. With 110 wineries and an industry dating back to 1838, it is one of only two Australian wine regions to be have been given special “character preservation” legislation in November 2012.
Yarra Valley, Victoria
The birthplace of the Victorian wine industry, dating back to 1838, the Yarra Valley has ebbed and flowed in wine production, ceasing altogether from 1921 to the 1960s. The region now boasts about 80 wineries. It is one of Australia’s coolest wine regions, with a mean January temperature of just 18°C.
Riverland, South Australia
Australia’s most productive grape-growing region, this area stretches along the Murray River to the Victorian border. It has about 1100 growers, produces some 380,000 tonnes of grapes a year, and about a quarter of Australia’s wine.
Riverina, New South Wales
Located around Griffith and Wagga Wagga, this Italian-influenced area took off in grape production when irrigated water became available through the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Scheme in 1912. It is now the second-largest wine producer in the country from some 300,000 tonnes of grapes grown each year.
Grapes in a Coonawarra vineyard, South Australia.
Grapes in a Yarra Valley vineyard, Victoria.
Australians produce about 4 per cent of the world’s wines. On average, each Australian drinks 23L of wine per year, making Australia the highest English-speaking consumers of wine per capita.
Home Travel Destinations Gallery: Best wine regions of Australia
Explore Australia’s iconic Great Australian Bight on an epic wildlife adventure at sea.
Set sail on a special voyage, The Solar Eclipse Expedition, to witness the forces of nature, from rare celestial events to ancient landscapes.
A unique aquatic adventure of culture and history through the island states of Micronesia.
Finska is fun for the whole family! Get addicted to this log throwing game today.
Stare at the heavens through the lens of your brand new telescope! | <urn:uuid:3d2af0c2-514e-439c-9dc0-69d96c716d25> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.australiangeographic.com.au/travel/travel-destinations/2013/07/gallery-best-wine-regions-of-australia/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.922347 | 1,048 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Abby Friedman was met with laughs when she first proposed the idea to her family of having Seder — the ceremonial dinner for the first night of Passover — over the conferencing platform Zoom.
“At first, my dad laughed at it, and said 'well I don’t really think so,'” she said. But once they fully absorbed the gravity of the ongoing pandemic, everyone was quick to get on board.
“Now we are going to have about 26 people on a Zoom link participating in a Seder,” Friedman, a corporate event planner, said.
Friedman’s family isn’t alone. With churches and synagogues closed around the country, many will be turning to technology to stay connected during Passover, Easter and later this month, Ramadan.
With stay-at-home orders still in effect, officials aren’t mincing words.
“We have got to stay home and stay away from each other,” Gov. Phil Murphy said during a briefing Wednesday. “It brings me no joy saying that during Passover, Easter or Ramadan or any other moment.”
With food playing a central role in celebrating religious traditions, Citymeals on Wheels, New York City’s emergency meal provider for seniors, delivered 10,000 Passover meals to those observing.
“It’s helping them feel a little less lonely and isolated to get this comforting food,” Beth Shapiro, executive director at Citymeals said.
Meanwhile, faith leaders came together for a virtual town hall with Hoboken Mayor Ravi Bhalla, encouraging believers to use the time at home to reflect.
“In the first Easter, the disciples of Jesus were locked in a room — they were fearful,” noted Monsignor Michael Andreano of St. Peter & Paul Church, likening it to the current climate where many are practicing social distancing.
Many places of worship are turning to live streams and telecasts, offering parishioners another option to participate.
This article was written by Andrew Ramos for WPIX . | <urn:uuid:b8e649b1-079d-453e-bbce-f6445ec3389f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kristv.com/news/coronavirus/families-forced-to-think-outside-of-the-box-as-covid-19-pandemic-disrupts-holiday-traditions1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.958765 | 439 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Every year, I am saddened by the suffering detailed in Open Doors World Watch List—a comprehensive and authoritative report identifying the 50 countries where persecution of Christians is most severe. But this year, I’m particularly grieved by violence suffered by victims who experience what one might call “double persecution” in that they are targeted as a result of both their Christian faith and their gender.
Christian women are arguably among the most vulnerable people in the world right now. This year’s data indicates there has been a dramatic increase in rapes, harassment and forced marriages in countries across the Middle East and Northern Africa in regions where Islamic extremists exercise control.
We have long known that women’s rights are under-represented in societies whose local and national leaders are solely, or primarily, male. Due to cultural restrictions around gender, for example, women whose husbands are killed, disabled, or imprisoned may have difficulty finding gainful employment, owning property or representing their families’ interests in the local community. In fact, in the most regions dominated by Islam women may not even be able to travel, conduct business or attend medical appointments unless a male accompanies them. This creates serious educational, economical and political disadvantages.
But this year, in addition to the existing persecution trends women have long faced, certain data subsets are increasingly troubling. During the reporting period, for instance, Open Doors documented 2,260 women who were raped or otherwise sexually harassed, or forced into marriage to a Muslim under threat of death.
There are countless stories of how women, Christians specifically, are at increasing risk of being raped, assaulted, or coerced into forced marriage.
Open Doors has received reports from the field detailing how Christian minors in northern Nigeria are being forced to marry and convert to Islam. These human rights violations are particularly difficult to prosecute in this region because Sharia law is strictly enforced in Nigeria’s 12 northern states. And although technically these codes are meant to be applied solely to Muslims, the application of these laws has increased the discrimination Christians face in daily life.
Just as troubling are reports coming out of Egypt relaying how Muslim extremists are using conversion as a kidnapping tactic. One former trafficker described the manipulative plot employed to lure Christian girls into danger. Specifically, a radicalized Muslim man will tell a Christian girl he loves her and will even pledge to convert to Christianity for her. Once these women enter into romantic relationship, the man then urges the girl to ‘escape’ with him. But what the women don’t know is they are actually being kidnapped.
In one case, a 16-year-old Coptic Christian girl, Maat, was kidnapped by five Muslim men. They held her hostage and filmed her naked against her will. They then blackmailed the girl into marrying a Muslim extremist by threatening to release the video. Although Maat’s parents reported the incident to the authorities, the men responsible were not arrested.
Sadly this incident is only one of many. The former trafficker told World Watch List researchers that abductors are paid for each girl they bring in, and “the value of the reward increases whenever the girl has a position. For example, when she is the daughter of a priest or comes from a well-known family.”
Open Doors also tracks more publicly known kidnapping reports, such as the kidnapping of Nigerian girls by Boko Haram. For instance, we have followed the story of Esther*—a teenage victim who reports that her experience in captivity continues to bring her hardship and suffering, even after being freed by the extremists.
While held hostage, Esther was tragically raped multiple times and pressured to denounce her faith. But her newfound freedom, which began in November of 2016, has been less celebratory than she dreamed. She sadly discovered her fellow citizens weren’t eager to welcome back “Boko Haram women,” much less the children these extremists fathered with their hostages. Instead, Esther has endured mocking and villagers have resorted to calling her baby “Boko” instead of addressing her by her real name.
There are countless stories of how women, Christians specifically, are at increasing risk of being raped, assaulted, or coerced into forced marriage. Women are sometimes sexually assaulted to bring shame upon them and to effectively isolate them as “tarnished” or “impure.” Tragically, in these regions, rape is wielded as a method to punish those who follow Jesus and to reproduce children who can be raised as radical Muslims, according to Sharia Law.
Martha, a trauma counselor who helps women like these heal from rape and sexual exploitation, reports that, due to cultural or religious biases against these women, most victims not only lose their dignity with rape, but also all of their earthly possessions.
These stories are inarguably tragic. But it’s important, too, to note these incidents and the data—which denotes how six women are raped, sexually harassed or forced into marriage every day—are just the beginning. This figure only indicates the number of victims who had the courage to report their assaults. And, unfortunately, we suspect this data set indicates the problem is far more common and widespread than any of us would like to believe. Because despite the fact these women are part of the largest minority religion in the world, gender-based prejudice makes it difficult for them to seek help or justice after being exploited.
The problem is clear and growing: women are being targeted for assault due to both their Christian beliefs and their gender. They are, in essence, “double persecuted.” And because of that, they deserve double our attention, double our advocacy, double our prayers, and double our support. We are calling upon readers to take to social media to call upon world leaders to intervene for women suffering in the world’s most hostile regions by using the hashtag #doublepersecuted. | <urn:uuid:decd96c0-9e0d-41cc-b22a-777227115b64> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/christian-women-face-increasing-danger-in-countries-where-islamic-extremists-are-in-control | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.968133 | 1,200 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Musa Khan Jalalzai
Copyright: Research Institute for European and American Studies (www.rieas.gr) Publication date: 10 February 2019.
Note: The article reflects the opinion of the author and not necessarily the views of the Research Institute for European and American Studies (RIEAS).
Most discussions in electronic media and intellectual forums about the effect of globalization and National Security predominantly focus on the threat of radicalization, lone-wolves and jihadism in Europe. In yesteryears, we have accustomed to dozen of terror-related fatalities in several EU member states that brought to light the Achilles-heel of poor and reluctant intelligence sharing on law enforcement level. Notwithstanding the plethora of books, journals and research papers on national security and intelligence cooperation in Europe, there has been an iota research work on interconnectedness and togetherness since years.1...Read more | <urn:uuid:cd2a2619-26cf-4e5f-b226-87205a6faf17> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rieas.gr/researchareas/homeland-security?start=18 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.901686 | 181 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Are you considering a career in aircraft maintenance? The BEng(Hons) Aircraft Engineering will set you on the path to becoming an aircraft maintenance engineer and a maintenance manager in the future. You will be based at our International Centre for Aerospace Training (ICAT), where your studies will include hands-on experience of aircraft component and equipment replacement, inspection, condition monitoring, fault diagnosis and rectification. You’ll become familiar with the work environment and the legal requirements relating to the commercial aviation industry. As part of your studies you will have unlimited access to our state-of-the-art Elite Flight Simulators to enhance your learning experience. This is the only UK degree that mirrors the requirements of the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) Part-147- approved courses. Once you graduate, you’ll need just two years’ maintenance experience before applying to the CAA for your B Licence (the main licence for aircraft maintenance staff ). The course covers all the knowledge requirements specified in the EASA category B1.1 aircraft maintenance engineering licence syllabus (Part 66). It introduces you to practical and maintenance skills, and provides you with opportunities to practice and develop these skills. The degree is accredited by the Royal Aeronautical Society (RAeS) as meeting the requirements for IEng registration with the Engineering Council.
Year 1 - Mathematics and Physics for Practitioner Engineers; Electrical Engineering Fundamentals ; Aerodynamics and Aircraft Electronic and Digital Systems; HE Study Skills and Professional Development Year 2 - Aircraft Materials, Hardware and Maintenance; Aircraft and Their Systems; Practical Engineering Skills and CAD; Professional Practice for Aircraft Engineers. Year 3 - Turbine Engines and Thermodynamics; Aircraft Maintenance Practices; Individual Project (Aircraft IEng); Air Transport Economics.
Teaching includes lectures, seminars, tutorials and practical laboratory sessions, backed up by workshop sessions, simulated aircraft work experience and live aircraft work experience. Assessment includes portfolios of evidence, practical exercises, assignments, reports, presentations and formal written examinations. Some of the modules are assessed by coursework only.
How to apply
This is the deadline for applications to be completed and sent for this course. If the university or college still has places available you can apply after this date, but your application is not guaranteed to be considered.
- Course code:
- Institution code:
- Campus name:
- International Centre for Aerospace Training (ICAT)
- Campus code:
Points of entry
The following entry points are available for this course:
- Year 1
Applicants with military and/or civil aircraft maintenance engineering experience or who have completed vocational aircraft engineering courses will be considered on an individual basis.
Please click the following link to find out more about qualification requirements for this course
English language requirements
|IELTS (Academic)||6||a minimum of 5.5 in Reading, Writing, Speaking and Listening.|
We also accept other English language examination equivalents. The standard requirement is at a level B2 in accordance to the Common European Framework of Reference for languages (CEFR). We require a level B2 standard in all of the elements: • reading • writing • speaking • listening
There is no data available for this course. For further information visit the Discover Uni website.
Fees and funding
|Northern Ireland||£9250||Year 1|
|Channel Islands||£9250||Year 1|
|Republic of Ireland||£9250||Year 1|
Additional fee information
CAVC has a range of bursaries and scholarships that students on undergraduate, higher education programmes can apply for to support their studies. Applicants can find more information by visiting the college website | <urn:uuid:4d99f510-674b-4eac-ab2c-4aaac2884f34> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://digital.ucas.com/coursedisplay/courses/7732effe-fb4b-4ce5-9b9a-97a0af22526c?academicYearId=2022&courseOptionId=2342c98b-7f3c-4579-b390-5067b91afee3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.873508 | 868 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Mayor Emanuel Asks Board of Health to Take Action Aimed at Curtailing Menthol Cigarette Use Among Chicago Youth
Calls on Chicago Residents to Join Effort to Protect Our Youth; Focus Will Be on Reducing and Preventing Use of Flavored Tobacco Among Our Youth
Mayor Rahm Emanuel announced today that he has asked the Chicago Board of Health and the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) to undertake a series of initiatives aimed at curtailing the use of menthol cigarettes by youth in Chicago.
“Recognizing and reducing the impact of menthol cigarettes on the lives of our youth is an essential part of building a healthier Chicago and increasing the quality of life for all residents across the City,” said Mayor Emanuel. “Working as partners with our health department, residents and youth, it is important that we do all that we can to encourage Chicago’s youth to make smart, healthy decisions as they become adults.”
In response to the Mayor’s call for action on this critical issue, the Chicago Board of Health and CDPH will host a series of town hall meetings to identify innovative, community-driven solutions to reduce menthol cigarette use among Chicago’s youth. This forum will engage residents and national content experts in conversation to reduce this preventable addiction before it becomes part of a young person’s life. In addition to the town hall meetings, CDPH is soliciting comments from Chicago residents via their website here.
In a letter to Board of Health president, Dr. Carolyn Lopez, Mayor Emanuel highlighted the particular dangers menthol cigarettes pose to young people. Specifically, among African American youth ages 12-17 who smoke, 72% use menthol cigarettes and among LGBT youth, 71% use menthol. Furthermore, if smokers begin the habit before age 18, they are 75% more likely to smoke as adults. Put simply, menthol cigarettes attract youth who would not otherwise be smokers, and by taking action to limit their use, it will have a dramatic positive effect on the community as a whole.
Derived from the peppermint plant, menthol provides a minty flavor and cooling sensation in cigarettes, covering up the tobacco taste and reducing the throat irritation associated with smoking, particularly among first-time users.
“Big tobacco is using menthol flavored cigarettes to turn our children into lifelong addicts,” Dr. Lopez said in response to the letter. “The Board of Health stands ready to work with Mayor Emanuel and our community to find new solutions to help our children. Engaging the residents of Chicago in this process will assist CDPH in finding solutions to this preventable issue.”
After receiving Mayor Emanuel’s letter, Dr. Lopez indicated that she plans to host four town hall meetings from August to September to gather feedback and ideas from content experts and Chicago residents, including Chicago’s African American, Latino and LGBT communities. The first meeting will be in conjunction with the monthly Chicago Board of Health meeting on August 21. Following the town hall meetings, the Board of Health and CDPH will release a comprehensive report detailing the feedback from participants. The report will also include youth feedback and policy recommendations from public health professionals, scientists and other content experts to help Mayor Emanuel create a more comprehensive menthol tobacco abatement strategy.
“Under Mayor Emanuel’s leadership the Chicago Department of Public Health looks forward to working with the community on this issue,” said Dr. Bechara Choucair. “Dialogue with residents will identify new, innovative strategies that will help our youth grow and prosper, which will in turn help Chicago grow and prosper.”
Mayor Emanuel has a long history of working to address smoking and the associated health risks, having worked on these critical issues as a U.S. Congressman and as Chief of Staff to President Barack Obama. In 2009, Mayor Emanuel worked with President Obama to bring together the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, granting the U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulatory control of tobacco products. This legislation gave the federal government authority over the manufacture of tobacco products, while leaving local governments with authority over other issues related to these matters. As a result, actions like the ones that will come from CDPH and the Chicago Board of Health are made possible by this legislation – especially targeted actions toward the sale and marketing of cigarettes to minors and the promotion of smoking to youth.
CDPH will also launch the Tobacco Prevention and Control program ad campaign in October that focuses on menthol cigarette use. These programs are part of Mayor Emanuel’s call to action under the City of Chicago’s Public Health agenda entitled “Healthy Chicago.” This is the first-ever comprehensive plan for public health put forth by the City and it continues to serve as a blueprint for a focused approach by CDPH to implement policies and systems changes to priorities and transform the health of Chicago. | <urn:uuid:85bcc0c7-0b24-4785-a87d-c32604f9689d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.chicago.gov/city/en/depts/mayor/press_room/press_releases/2013/july_2013/mayor_emanuel_asksboardofhealthtotakeactionaimedatcurtailingment.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.938741 | 1,011 | 1.867188 | 2 |
A classroom teacher fosters and enhances an effective learning environment; facilitates the development or revision of curriculum and instructional materials; establishes learning objectives and standards based upon general District guidelines; provides instruction; counsels, disciplines, and supervises to meet the individual needs of assigned students, and evaluates student performance and progress.
- Fosters an educational environment conducive to the learning and maturation process of assigned students; plans an instructional program designed to meet individual student needs and whole groups which may include at risk or special needs youth; prepares lesson plans.
- Uses necessary and appropriate instructional methods and materials, which are suited to the well-being of the students and to the nature of the learning activities, program and/or curriculum involved; implements established program or curriculum objectives; attends in-service training and continues to improve professional growth through study and experimentation to remain current in methods and techniques for instruction.
- Establishes and implements, in a positive and supportive manner, classroom policies and procedures governing student behavior and conduct; provides guidance, counseling, and discipline to encourage students to meet standards of achievement and conduct; makes referrals for assistance where appropriate.
- Confers with students, parents or guardians, and other staff, maintaining an open positive relationship as appropriate to provide guidance and evaluation, and to encourage student achievement.
Knowledge, Skills and Abilities:
- Subject areas appropriate to assignment.
- Effective behavior management techniques.
- Effective instructional techniques.
- Rules and procedures for student safety.
- Proficiency in reading, writing, and oral communications.
- Effective communication with parents or guardians in a diverse community.
- Designing and implementing lesson plans for students having a wide range of achievement.
- Deal with students in a positive and confident manner.
- Be fair and consistent when working with a culturally, racially, and economically diverse student population. | <urn:uuid:6f8aa6f9-112e-4085-b263-ae41e24afc4f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jobboard.simplifaster.com/job/middle-school-physical-education-and-health-teacher/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.914256 | 382 | 3.8125 | 4 |
Finland is a country that has amazing natural attractions. In addition, this country also has many special foods that are hunted by tourists who stop by. One of the favorite foods for residents and tourists is cheese.
Cheese from this country is famous for its good quality and has a unique taste. One of the most popular is leipäjuusto. This cheese has a combination of sweet and salty flavors and undergoes a roasting process.
Here are nine interesting facts about leipäjuusto, Finland’s sweet squeaky cheese. Curious?
- Leipäjuusto also popularly called juustoleipä, is one of the most popular cheeses in Finland
- Cheese originally came from Southern Ostrobothnia, Northern Finland, and Kainuu
- This cheese can come from the milk of various animals, such as cows, goats, or even deer milk
- This cheese is characterized by its sound that sticks to the teeth when someone bites its hard and chewy body
- Hence, it is also known as Finnish squeaky cheese
- The name cheese means “cheese bread” because of the process of making cheese that undergoes baking like toast
- Due to the roasting process, the outside of the cheese is slightly charred, but the inside is still soft
- Cheese has a light, salty and sweet taste and also has a sweet and fresh aroma
- Cheese is usually served as a dessert paired with cream or jam
Leipäjuusto is a typical Finnish cheese that is very popular in this country. This cheese has a unique and delicious taste. In addition, cheese can also be added to some foods. Interesting to try right? | <urn:uuid:7ecf9b34-67fe-442c-ad51-6e034e84352e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://balticmaster.org/2022/06/10/9-interesting-facts-about-leipajuusto-finlands-sweet-squeaky-cheese/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.974675 | 351 | 2.453125 | 2 |
Remember, 30 million Americans are exposed to hazardous noise at work, according to NIOSH. This has caused permanent hearing loss for about ten million workers. It’s a very preventable loss. Read on…
The National Park Service used two-day workshops to implement its hearing protection program. Who was targeted for attendance? Park management, full-time and collateral duty safety officers, department heads, first line supervisors, and “motivated and involved employees.â€
The park service did a concise, organized job of marketing its hearing loss prevention program. In advance, attendees were told they had an “opportunity†to learn what it takes to implement a successful program and gain practical hands-on experience.
What did the workshops cover? Day one began with a step-by-step review of hearing loss prevention program elements, and how to put them in place. Trainees learned to use sound level meters to identify noise hazards and evaluate employee exposures. Skills were reinforced by conducting a comprehensive sound level survey of the work environment. Survey data was stored for retrieval and analysis to determine employee risk. Those successfully completing the workshop received certificates of training as workplace noise monitors.
Day two focused on employees who were identified the previous day as having high-risk jobs. These workers received required employee training and on-site audiometric testing.
When rolling out any safety program, including one on hearing conservation, it’s important to motivate employees by specifying outcomes. The National Park Service listed seven:
1) Trained management, safety professionals, and supervisors with practical experience in program implementation;
2) Workshop participants receive a resource package containing the tools necessary to implement a program;
3) Completed comprehensive sound level survey;
4) Trained workplace monitors;
5) A list of exposed employees who must participate in a hearing loss prevention program;
6) Trained employees and employee involvement; and
7) Audiometric testing.
RemindersRemember, a short, intense sound — an explosion, for example — might cause immediate hearing loss. But usually hearing loss occurs gradually after prolonged exposure to loud noise. Employees might not even realize they are losing their hearing. In time, sounds can become muffled or distorted.
SIDEBAR: OSHA standard highlights | <urn:uuid:6ec8fded-2b43-4fab-8cb7-72d1dc2d06db> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ishn.com/articles/84054-hearing-protection-line | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.944214 | 483 | 3.21875 | 3 |
In an attempt to preserve fine arts, art connoisseur H.V. Venugopal will launch ‘Unnati’, a platform to showcase ancient art forms.
Flautist Praveen Godkindi will perform at the inaugural ceremony on May 11. A rare ‘Konnakkol duet’ by Somashekar Jois and Karthik R. will be presented on the same day at 6p.m. Unnati is located at 311, I Cross, 8th Main, Sapthagirinagar, Banashankari 3rd Stage.
‘Konnagolu’ or ‘Konnakkol’ is verbal percussion. But, the chaste art form lies in “vocalising the jathis or bols with characteristic voice modulation”, almost mimicking the sounds of percussion instruments such as mridangam, ghata, morsing, khanjira, drums, thavil or dollu, explains Mr. Jois. It used to be part of the vocal and instrumental concerts in Upapakkavadhya grouping, especially in those mike-less days, he adds.
“But with powerful microphones coming in, these melodic verbal expressions were deemed an aural disturbance,” he rues, as “the art form is not being revived for its significance.”
Konnagolu is as old as the mridangam, but new forms such as African Beat Boxing is seeing annual global championship events. Here we are trying to revive this rich form, more relegated to being part of fusion ensembles or tala vadhya concerts, says Mr. Jois. “In Konnagolu breathing, voice intonation and timbre come into play. We have adapted a softer, stylised format for the mikes that seamlessly integrates with the main artistes’ music. For the revival of the classical form, lec-dems and workshops would be beneficial,” he says. | <urn:uuid:7bbd9fa2-e630-4ffe-9c78-a71b071468f5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kannadigaworld.com/news/karnataka/83118.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.937174 | 436 | 1.523438 | 2 |
- system description and recent eruptive events:
Valade, S., Ley, A., Massimetti, F., D’Hondt, O., Laiolo, M., Coppola, D., Loibl, D., Hellwich, O., Walter, T.R., Towards Global Volcano Monitoring Using Multisensor Sentinel Missions and Artificial Intelligence: The MOUNTS Monitoring System, Remote Sens., 2019, 11, 1528
- algorithm used to analyze Sentinel-2 images:
Massimetti, F., Coppola, D., Laiolo, M., Valade, S., Cigolini, C., Ripepe M., Volcanic Hot-Spot Detection Using SENTINEL-2: A Comparison with MODIS–MIROVA Thermal Data Series, Remote Sens., 2020, 12(5), 820
- algorithm used to filter speckle from Sentinel-1 images:
- volcanological studies using data and analysis from MOUNTS:
Coppola D., Valade S., Masias P., Laiolo M., Massimetti F., Campus A., Aguilar R., Anccasi R., Apaza F., Ccallata B., Cigolini C., Cruz L. F., Finizola A., Gonzales K., Macedo O., Miranda R., Ortega M., Paxi R., Taipe E., and Valdivia D.Shallow magma convection evidenced by excess degassing and thermal radiation during the dome-forming sabancaya eruption (2012–2020), Bulletin of Volcanology, 2022
MOUNTS is a project initiated in April 2017, whose aim is to develop an operational monitoring system for volcanoes worldwide using satellite imagery. It currently focuses on processing of Sentinel-1 (SAR), Sentinel-2 (SWIR), and Sentinel-5P (TROPOMI) data. Artificial intelligence "plugins" are developed and implemented in the processing chain to assist monitoring tasks.
The project is lead by Sébastien Valade, and was from April 2017 to October 2019, funded by GEO.X and carried at TU-Berlin (Computer Vision & Remote Sensing group, Prof. O. Hellwich) and GFZ (Physics of Earthquakes and Volcanoes section, Priv. Doz. T. Walter). Since March 2020, the project is carried at UNAM (Instituto de Geofísica, Mexico City). The server running both the system and website is however still hosted at CV TU-Berlin, with the kind agreement of Prof. Hellwich.
MOUNTS is strongly inspired by the operating MIROVA system, with which tight collaborations are ongoing.
Contact Sébastien Valade (email@example.com) in order to get more information on the system, register for automatic email alerts for SO2/thermal anomalies/deformation, and/or add volcanoes to monitor.
MOUNTS Twitter account: @MountsSystem
. Timothy Davis & Vinit Jain, under the supervision of Andreas Ley, developed and trained the convolutional neural network used by MOUNTS to despeckle Sentinel-1 SAR amplitude images: Davis et al. 2020 (IGARSS)
- MIROVA: members of MIROVA developed the algorithm used to detect hot pixels within the Sentinel-2 SWIR bands (Massimetti et al., 2020). MIROVA is a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Firenze (Italy). Developments are underway to increase the interactivity between MOUNTS and MIROVA.
- LGS (University of Firenze): I am immensely grateful to friends and former colleagues of the Laboratorio di Geofisica Sperimentale (LGS), from whom I've learnt so much. This website is inspired by the unique interaction of research and monitoring that is achieved in this group. Many thanks to Maurizio, Giorgio, Dario, Ricardo, Giacomo, Emanuele and others!
- Sentinel data are freely available through ESA's Copernicus Open Access Hub, and are partially processed with the free SNAP toolboxes. Earthquake catalogs are provided by GEOFON (GFZ Potsdam) and USGS, and interrogated using the Pyrocko Toolbox.
The products available on the website are value-added products created from freely available Sentinel data provided by ESA. The products are released under the following conditions: permission to freely copy, share and quote for non-commercial purposes, with attribution to MOUNTS and ESA as the original source. If used for academic purposes, contacting Sébastien Valade (firstname.lastname@example.org) and citing the above mentioned publication (Valade et al. 2019 Remote Sensing) is kindly appreciated.
The information presented within the MOUNTS website are provided "as is" and users bear all responsibility and liability for their use of data and images, and for any indirect, incidental or consequential damages arising out of any use of, or inability to use, the data. | <urn:uuid:79182a6e-61ed-46f0-82d0-6b62e09a6a2d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://mounts-project.com/about | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.831331 | 1,077 | 2.21875 | 2 |
This is a wonderful addition for any German-themed dinner, especially during Octoberfest.
Recipe courtesy of Williams-Sonoma.com
Phyllo (or filo) dough, best known for its use in Greek and Turkish pastries like baklava, is sold in the freezer section of large grocery stores. It is an elastic dough pulled into very thin sheets and cut into large rectangles. Follow the instructions on the box for thawing. When working with phyllo, keep the unused dough sheets stacked under a piece of plastic wrap or a barely damp kitchen towel until you are ready to use them; otherwise, they may become brittle and tear easily. Frozen phyllo dough keeps well but not indefinitely; it becomes dry or sticky if stored for too long.
- 12 sheets phyllo dough, thawed if frozen
- 8 tablespoons (1 stick) unsalted butter, melted and cooled
- 7 teaspoons granulated sugar
- 3 or 4 tart apples, peeled, halved, cored and diced (about 3 cups)
- 1/2 cup firmly packed brown sugar
- 1/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon
- 1/8 teaspoon freshly grated nutmeg
- 1 cup mixed chopped dried fruit, such as sour cherries, apricots, cranberries, currants, golden raisins or nectarines
- 1 Position a rack in the lower third of an oven and preheat to 375°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
- 2 Working with 1 phyllo sheet at a time and keeping the others covered with a barely damp kitchen towel to prevent them from drying out, place the first sheet on the parchment paper. Using a pastry brush, brush well with some of the melted butter. Lay a second phyllo on top of the first and brush again with butter. Sprinkle with 1 teaspoon of the granulated sugar. Repeat, brushing every sheet with butter and sprinkling every other sheet with 1 teaspoon granulated sugar, until all of the phyllo is used.
- 3 In a large bowl, toss together the apples, brown sugar, cinnamon, nutmeg and dried fruit. Arrange the apple filling along one long side of the phyllo stack, positioning it about 1 inch from the edge. Fold the edge of the stack over the filling, then carefully roll up the phyllo into a log with the seam side down. Brush the log with additional melted butter and sprinkle with the remaining 1 teaspoon granulated sugar.
- 4 Bake the strudel until the phyllo is golden and the apples are tender when pierced with the tip of a knife, 45 to 55 minutes. Transfer the pan to a wire rack and let cool for 30 minutes. Transfer the strudel to a long serving platter, cut crosswise and serve warm. | <urn:uuid:9cdf809b-a6f3-44df-8b62-fb5cd0db939b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://foodchannel.com/recipes/autumn-fruit-strudel | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.903419 | 588 | 1.773438 | 2 |
416 results for “Renewable Energy”.
enewable Energy Sources Today: A eview
The emergence of modern-day developed economies depended heavily on the availability of cheap and abundant energy, but the planet's oil reserves, which supplies over 35% of the world's energy needs, are projected to be depleted within a hundred years (Balat 19). As this resource is depleted, demand will increase and drive prices to unheard of levels, thereby threatening the stability of economies in some of the most powerful nations the world. To avoid a catastrophic meltdown of what is now a global economic engine; governments worldwide have begun to invest in developing and promoting the use of renewable forms of energy. Although reducing fossil fuel use to lower green house gas emissions is a more laudable goal, it seems likely that economic incentives will be the primary driving force behind renewable energy development and implementation. This article reviews the various types of renewable energy…
Balat, M. (2009). Development of worldwide green electricity in the past decade. Energy Sources, Part B, 4, 17-33.
Chan, Hoy-Yen, Riffat, Saffa B., and Zhu, Jie. (2010). Review of passive solar heating and cooling technologies. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14, 781-789.
Panwar, N.L., Kaushik, S.C., and Kothari, Surendra. (2011). Role of renewable energy sources in environmental protection: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15, 1513-1524.
Phillips, Jason. (2010). Evaluating the level and nature of sustainable development for a geothermal power plant. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14, 2414-2425.
Overall, the use of demographic, psychographic and geographic segmentation has allowed us to narrow down the different potential target markets considerably. These different markets each offer different levels of potential for exploitation by a solar panel installation firm. The targeting of each different segment will be analyzed in the next section of this report.
The targeting strategy is used to find ways to bring the product to each of the segments that have been targeted. For solar panels in Australia, there are three main segments when understood by demographics -- consumers under $100,000; consumers over $100,000 and small businesses These segments are all desirable for a firm that is seeking to build a strong presence in the Australian market going forward.
There are a number of ways to target the different markets. Differentiated or segment marketing would result in each segment being targeted with a product that is…
Millar, R. (2009). Solar industry cash dries up. The Age. Retrieved August 21, 2010 from http://www.theage.com.au/national/solar-industry-cash-dries-up-20090126-7q08.html
GTM Research. (2010). Global solar cell production grew 51 per cent in 2009, figures show. GTM Research. Retrieved August 21, 2010 from http://www.newenergyworldnetwork.com/alternative-energy-knowledge-bank/global-solar-cell-production-grew-51-per-cent-in-2009-figures-show.html
Beer, S. (2008). Australia's "ungreen" government cans solar panel rebates. iWire. Retrieved August 21, 2010 from http://www.itwire.com/opinion-and-analysis/beerfiles/18645-australias-qungreenq-government-cans-solar-panel-rebates
Queensland Business Review. (2010). UQ powers up with Australia's largest solar panel system. Queensland Business Review. Retrieved August 21, 2010 from http://www.qbr.com.au/news/articleid/67052.aspx
Part of the problem is governmental intransigence. For the past eight years in particular, energy policy has been driven by the oil companies (Environmental News Service, 2008), resulting in clean energy having been sidelined. Another reason is that there is significant opposition from other parties as well. Business groups have opposed clean energy measures, citing fears about higher energy costs (Dorschner, 2008). These groups have proven powerful enough to stall clean energy legislation.
Some states have limited ability to generate renewable energy sources of their own. Powerful industry trade groups such as the Edison Energy Institute have claimed that the public utilities of those states would, under clean energy initiatives, be "forced to buy higher-cost renewable energy from other suppliers." (Dorschner, 2008). There has also been considerable difficulty in getting governments to act. Texas is the nation's leading generator of wind energy, yet the Texas Senate has repeatedly refused to…
Baker, David R. "Energy: Renewable power, alternative fuel measures early losers." San Francisco Chronicle 5 Nov 2008: p. A10
Redford, Robert. "The Highest Patriotism Lies in Weaning the U.S. from Fossil Fuels" Los Angeles Times. 2 Dec 2002: p. B11
No author. "Democrats Want Obama to Grow a Green, Clean Energy Economy" Environmental News Service. 27 Aug 2008: http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/aug2008/2008-08-27-01.asp . Accessed 13 Nov 2008
No author (editorial). "Our view on energy mandates: Time for national standards" USA Today 20 Oct 2008: p. 12A
The Law of Conservaton of Energy:
The law of conservaton of energy says that energy can nether be created nor destroyed. The total energy that exsts n the world s constant because the total amount of energy s an solated system (Gles 1964,-page 97). Snce ths s the case, energy can only be changed n ts form, such as turnng knetc energy nto thermal energy. Wthn the realm of the busness world, ths means that the form of energy matters, but that regardless of the form chosen the energy obtaned wll be the same.
Pros and Cons of the Followng:
Fossl fuel, ol, natural gas, and coal
Pros: petroleum s relatvely nexpensve, combuston of fossl fuels s a hghly effcent way to produce usable energy, fossl fuels are stable and are more readly avalable, t s also nexpensve and tmely to extract materals, provdes 85% of all energy…
ii. Cons: the initial cost of the solar panels can be cost prohibitive, solar energy is subject to climate variability based upon weather and the hours of sunlight within a region which will impact that wattage produced, some people argue that the panels are aesthetically unpleasant, and the solar energy panels can only absorb energy in the day meaning electricity used at night must rely on stored energy within the panels (Bocchine 2007).
d. Wind power
i. Pros: completely clean energy source which does not require drilling or mining for materials, renewable and sustainable, costs are low, abundant supply of wind available, the power is essentially free once the structures have been paid for, can be
enewable Energy and Interdependencies: Six Council Properties
Approach and uncertainty: What is the general approach that you will take to reduce carbon emissions associated with the issue that you are looking at and what sources of uncertainty are likely to be important?
The six council properties being constructed by regeneration specialist St. Modwen are situated on a brownfield site that was a former oil refinery and production site used by British Petroleum and represent an ambitious project that is intended to create a sustainable community for about 10,000 residents that can serve as a model for like-minded communities around the world (Evans 2011). The site will ultimately include 4,000 homes, four schools, various businesses, office premises as well as a cricket pitch (Evans 2011). According to Evans, "The project will take 25 years, but should leave behind a fully-formed community where people can live, work, educate their children and relax"…
Baird, G. (2001). The Architectural Expression of Environmental Control Systems. London:
Brookes, A.J. & Poole, D. (2003). Innovation in Architecture. London: Spon Press.
Brown, V.J. (2003). 'Give Me Shelter: The Global Housing Crisis.' Environmental Health
There is another, more pressing reason for getting rid of our dependence on fossil fuels. It is not a newly recognized threat; in fact, it has been recognized and warned about almost as long as oil has been the dominant source of energy in the world. The very name "fossil fuel" -- which applies to oil as well as coal and other hydrocarbons found in the ground -- reveals the essential problem with a dependence on such fuels. They come from the same source as fossils -- organic material in the form of plants and animals dead for many hundreds of thousands or even millions of years. The rate of consumption is exponentially greater than the rate that new sources of fuel like oil and fuels deposits can be created, meaning that eventually the energy will dry up. This could be within the next century, even within the next few…
renewable energy resources and investment has grown exponentially over the last decade. hile availability of renewable technology, its ease of use and possibilities for application have increased the costs of such technologies have decreased, to a large degree. The result of these changes coupled with international pressure and interest in renewable energy has created a dearth of policy change and public and private investment in renewable energy projects and systems almost despite of the current global recession, with of course a slight decline in total investment as a result of the economy. (Sawin and Martinot)
(United Nations Environment Programme)
Since the first edition of REN21's annual Renewables Global Status Report in 2005, the renewable energy sector has grown strongly and steadily. Even in 2009, when up against strong headwinds caused by the economic recession, low oil prices, and the lack of an international climate agreement, renewables managed to hold their…
Sawin, Janet L. And Eric Martinot. "Renewables 2010: Global Status Report." 2010. http://www.ren21.net/globalstatusreport/REN21_GSR_2010_full.pdf
United Nations Environment Programme. Global Trends in Sustainable Energy Investment 2010: Analysis of Trends and Issues in the Financing of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency . Paris: UNEP, New Energy Finance Ltd., Bloomberg New Energy Finance, 2010. http://sefi.unep.org/english/globaltrends12010.html
Notwithstanding these disadvantages, some regions of the European Union, though, are particularly well suited to the installation of wind farms. For example, a 5-megawatt wind farm featuring 10 wind turbines with 500 kW capacity each, has already been constructed in Crete (Greece: enewable Energy Fact Sheet, 2007, p. 3). Although this wind farm facility is generating electricity, it is also serving as an experimental operation that uses two kinds of wind turbines that were provided by different manufacturers to assess their efficiency and to identify other locations in Europe that might be suitable for such operations (Greece: enewable Energy Fact Sheet 2007). Although it is reasonable to suggest that Greece could benefit from any and all of the foregoing alternative energy resources, the potential for solar energy application in the country appears to represent one of the more viable approaches for the future, and these issues are discussed further below.…
Blanchard, O.J., Das, M. & Faruqee, H. 2010 "The Initial Impact of the Crisis on Emerging
Market Countries." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, pp. 263-265.
Cleveland, C.J. & Morris, C. 2006 Dictionary of Energy. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Close, DH 1999 "Environmental Movements and the Emergence of Civil Society in Greece."
The foundation of the Middle East region, is as dependant upon the realization of a balanced energy system, as is the rest of the world, for the same and differing reasons. The opportunity for a smart start is ripe and with the rational guidance of the technology available, and its experts as well as their own desire to create independence in real and figurative ways will be realized only when such a realization is put into action. In the core the individuals and governments in the Middle East are aware of such a need and opportunity and will likely create a model for change in the future.
Anthony, J.D. 1997, The U.S.-GCC elationship: a Glass Half-Empty or Half-Full?. Middle East Policy, 5(2), pp. 22-41.
1984. Appropriate Technology in Third World Development (D. E. Morrison & P.K. Ghosh, Ed.). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Bahrain WTC website, December 4,…
Anthony, J.D. 1997, The U.S.-GCC Relationship: a Glass Half-Empty or Half-Full?. Middle East Policy, 5(2), pp. 22-41.
1984. Appropriate Technology in Third World Development (D. E. Morrison & P.K. Ghosh, Ed.). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Bahrain WTC website, December 4, 2006 "Bahrain World Trade Center Moves Towards Launch of Kingdom's First World-Class Office and Commercial Complex http://www.bahrainwtc.com/news33.htm
Belgrave, R., Ebinger, C.K., & Okino, H. (Eds.).1987, Energy Security to 2000. Aldershot, England: Westview Press.
Non-enewable Energy Data Analysis
There were 143 respondents to the survey. They were 52.45% female (75) and 47.55% male (68). The survey respondents skewed older than the national average. The median age in the UK is 40.5, and 54.17% of survey respondents were over the age of forty. So the age skews only slightly older than the total UK population. Children were underrepresented in the survey. 17.44% of UK citizens are aged 15 or under, but in the survey only 9.03% were 17 or younger. Some 59.03% of respondents reported themselves to be married, with 25% reporting "never married." A relatively low number reported cohabitation or domestic partnership.
Most of the survey respondents were employed, at 59.03%. A total of 4.86% reported that they are unemployed and looking for work, slightly lower than the national unemployment rate of 5.4%. While 10.42% of respondents are over the age of 60, only…
CIA World Factbook (2016). United Kingdom. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved December 6, 2016 from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uk.html
China' s Investment in Green Companies
Climate change is one of the major issues facing the world today – arguably the most important one of them all. At issue is the reality that, of the present path of development during the entire industrialized era, much of it has come as the result of using machines to perform tasks that otherwise were performed by humans, animals, or not at all. This is not a problem of itself, but combined with the fact that the negative externalities of development, from climate change to pollution to garbage, are often poorly priced into the cost of goods. This means that there is a trade-off between the desire to develop, and the negative impacts that development has on our world, and ultimately will have on human society as a whole. As many observer has pointed out – the planet will be just fine, in…
Electric car has recently become a viable alternative for the average consumer. Along with hybrid vehicles, most manufacturers offer some type of alternative fuel vehicle in their product line. The feasibility that alternative vehicles will replace combustion engines, however doesn't appear to be happening anytime soon. This raises the question that will be explored in this paper, of whether or not electric cars are a real industry or merely greenwash for manufacturers.
History of Electric Cars
Electric vehicles are far from a new concept in transportation. In fact, the first electric carriage was built by a Scottish inventor in 1832 using a crude non-rechargeable battery ("Timeline"). Thomas Davenport is credited as having built the first electric vehicle in 1835, a small electric locomotive, and William Morrison built the first successful electric car in 1891, more than a hundred years ago ("Timeline"). The electric vehicle is not new technology, as many…
"Americans Using Less Energy Overall and Using More Renewable Energy Resources." Greencarcongress.com, 24 Aug. 2010. Web. 17 Dec. 2010.
Garthwaite, Josei. "Hey, What's Big Oil Doing in That Electric Car?" Gigaom.com, Gigaom, 1 July 2010. Web. 17 Dec. 2010.
Hsu, Jeremy. "Peak oil production predicted for 2014." MSNBC.com, March 12, 2010. Web. 17 Dec. 2010.
"J.D. Power forecasts hybrid- and battery-electric vehicles will represent 7.3% of global auto sales in 2020." Greencarcongress.com, 28 Oct. 2010. Web. 16 Dec. 2010.
Nonrenewable vs. enewable Energy Use
Energy is required to run households, industrial units, transport, and for the production of goods and services in their basic as well as advanced form. With respect to its potential of depletion and reproduction ability, energy is divided into two categories, non-renewable and renewable energy. Energy derived from non-renewable resources, those which cannot be reproduced or replenished to their original level is called the non-renewable energy. Consumption of non-renewable energy is unsustainable in the long run. Leading non-renewable resources are fossil and radioactive fuels. Fossil fuel includes resources such as coal, crude oil, and natural gas whereas radioactive fuel includes metal ores such as uranium ore to produce electricity (Mongillo, 2011). Predominantly, non-renewable energy is produced from fossil fuels.
Energy derived from resources that are continuously reproduced and replenished is called the renewable energy. Primary examples of renewable energy resources are sunlight, wind, geothermal heat,…
Aresta, M., & Dibenedetto, A. (2007). Utilization of CO2 as a chemical feedstock: opportunities and challenges. Dalton Transactions, (28), 2975-2992.
Asif, M. & Muneer, T. (2007). Energy supply, its demand and security issues for developed and emerging economies. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 11(7), 1388-1413.
CEC. (n.d.). Frequently Asked Questions about LNG. California Energy Commission, State of California. Retrieved from: http://www.energy.ca.gov/lng/faq.html#700
Conservation Council SA. (n.d.). Uses of Uranium: Is Uranium Needed. The Conservation Council of South Australia. Retrieved from: http://www.ccsa.asn.au/nuclearsa/b1.html
Renewable energy and sustainable development
Why Australian Government should lead the initiative?
Supply side interventions: Rebates and feed-in tariffs
Renewable energy is derived from sources that are naturally replenish-able and supply of energy from these sources is infinite. The main purposes served by using renewable energy are many such as generation of power, transport fuel production, and for heating of houses and other living places. Except the naturally occurring main difference of supply source between renewable and non-renewable energy, there are several industry related differences as well. Usability of renewable energy, level of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, cost of generating energy, and the phase from renewable energy production is passing through, all these industry related aspects for both renewable and non-renewable energy are different.
Due to the environmental and socioeconomic benefits that renewable sources (RES) provide, renewable energy is considered as most important source of Sustainable…
BREE. Energy in Australia, (Bureau of Resources, & Energy Economics, 2012) http://www.bree.gov.au/documents/publications/energy-in-aust/energy-in-australia-2012.pdf
Dalton, G.J., D.A. Lockington, and T.E. Baldock. "Feasibility analysis of stand-alone renewable energy supply options for a large hotel." Renewable energy 33, no. 7 (2008): 1475-1490.
Del Rio, Pablo, and Mercedes Burguillo. "Assessing the impact of renewable energy deployment on local sustainability: Towards a theoretical framework." Renewable and sustainable energy reviews 12, no. 5 (2008): 1325-1344.
Del Rio, Pablo, and Miguel Gual. "The promotion of green electricity in Europe: present and future." European Environment 14, no. 4 (2004): 219-234.
renewable energy development from the 1970s to present. Historical changes in energy misuses (i.e. pollution) and consumption (oil reserves) have resulted in increased concern regarding the search and use for alternate and/or renewable energy worldwide. The world faces a critical shortage of non-renewable energy sources in the next decades, and something must be done now to combat the rising disappearance of these energy sources that will eventually cripple transportation around the globe if not checked. enewable energy sources offer hope for the future, but must be supported today to create a future less dependent on high-priced, non-renewable resources.
enewable energy sources are certainly not a new idea. Solar, wind, hydrogen, geothermal and other renewable energy technologies have been around for decades, even centuries, and many of them have been perfected to be much more reliable and practical than their earlier forms. enewable energy replaces or supplements non-renewable energy sources such…
Borowitz, S. (1999). Farewell fossil fuels: reviewing America's energy policy. New York: Plenum.
Flavin, C., & Dunn, S. (1999). A new energy paradigm for the 21st century. Journal of international affairs, 53(1), 167.
Fleagle, R.G. (1994). Global environmental change: Interactions of science, policy, and politics in the United States. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
Pasqualetti, M.J. (2000). Morality, space and the power of wind-energy landscapes. The geographical review, 90(3), 381.
Hydroelectric Power: The Renewable Energy Source
For centuries, human have been relying solely on the use of fossil fuel to produce energy. To anticipate the exhaustive use of fossil fuel that has hit the highest point and issued the fear of energy source shortage in the next decades, it is urgent to investigate the closest and renewable potentials to cover the advanced needs of energy.
One of the most popular sources that have been thoroughly investigated and mechanically tested is the use of hydroelectric power. Hydroelectric power plant utilizes natural power from the flowing water, which is channeled into a turbine. The flowing water holds enormous energy to spin the turbine and operate generators. Human can get endless supply of electricity from dams, rivers, waterfalls, or artificial channels.
Unlike the fossil fuel, flowing-water power doesn't run out as long as the water cycle is kept undamaged. This renewable energy source…
Bonsor, Kevin. "How Hydropower Plants Work." 2003. How Stuff Works. 5 Mar. 2003. http://people.howstuffworks.com/hydropower-plant.htm
Coface Environmental Guidelines. "Hydroelectric Power Stations and Large Dams." November 2002. Coface Consulting. 5 Mar. 2003. http://www.coface.com/_docs/barragesgb.pdf
National Renewable Energy Laboratory. "Introduction to Hydroelectric Power." Clean Energy Basic. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 5 Mar. 2003. http://www.nrel.gov/clean_energy/hydroelectric_power.html
Ordal, David. "Technology: How Hydro Actually Works." 2002. Hydro Power. Department of Physics and Astronomy Pomona College. 5 Mar. 2003. http://www.physics.pomona.edu/faculty/prof/tanenbaum/phys17s99/hydro/technology.htm
However, dependence on one single form of renewable energy will not be practical as all geographical regions within the United Kingdom have their own geographical features and all energy uses have their own specific requirements. For this reason, a diverse range of renewable energy resources will have to be used suiting each geographical location and the use of energy.
Incorporation of wind energy in UK energy supply system has immense scope. This method involves converting the wind's kinetic energy into mechanical energy and then generating power through a generator (the enewable Energy Centre, UK). This can be done by installing either onshore or off shore commercial wind turbines. The problem with on shore wind turbines is that they are much more capital intensive and are time consuming to install. Furthermore, they involve a lot of legal formalities. On the technical side, the onshore wind projects may affect the…
Cochran, V, Davis, D & Claussen, E 2001, Climate Change, Brill, Boston.
Department of Energy and Climate Change, 2010, Climate Change Inventory, Government of UK.
The Renewable Energy Centre, n.d., the Renewable Energy Center, viewed 16 January 2010, .
Ottinger, R & William, R, 2002, Renewable Energy Sources for Development, Environmental Law, Vol. 32.
The obvious solution is to make the transition away from dependence on fossil fuels that has been debated for decades but never emphasized in a serious way by any U.. administration. In principle, the future of this nation and of other nations will absolutely require development of sustainable, renewable energy sources instead of oil. In that regard, solar power has become one of the most realistic solutions and it is currently used successfully in several countries and in a more limited capacity in the U.. with great success. Generally, solar power is based on photoelectric cells that capture sunlight and store its energy in usable forms that can be used to generate various forms of energy.
Electric power is another viable method of replacing fossil fuel energy sources, but there is significant controversy surrounding the most efficient way of producing it. pecifically, nuclear power plants are the cheapest ad most…
Attfield, R. (2003). Environmental Ethics: An Overview for the Twenty-First Century.
Cambridge, UK: Polity.
Poiman, L.P. And Poiman, P. (2007). Environmental Ethics: Readings in Theory and Application. Florence, KY: Wadsworth-Cengage.
Lavelle, M. (2007). "Power Revolution." U.S. News & World Report, November 5,
Scale Use of enewable Energy for Manufacturing Facility Workplace
enewable energy is a type of energy source naturally replenished and derived from the wind, solar, and geothermal action. Energy from biomass can also be classified as renewable, however, biomass energy such as oil, coal, and natural gas have finite sources. Contrarily, renewable energy such as sun, wind and hydro-electric energy have infinity sources because they are naturally replenished. In the United States, many manufacturing companies are increasingly using the renewable energy to cut costs of production. Every 2.5 minutes, renewable energy is being installed in the United States.
The objective of this paper is to discuss the feasibility development of a full-scale usage of renewable energy at our manufacturing facility. The paper also compares the costs and benefits of renewable energy compare to non-renewable energy.
Feasibility Development Full-scale usage of enewable Energy
The cost-effectiveness is one of the major benefits…
Energy Innovation (2015). Comparing the costs of renewable and conventional energy sources. Policy Recommendation.
Lezard (2014). Lezard's Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis. Version 8.
Who is Leading the International Clean Energy Race?
The race for clean energy is already underway, but some countries are in vanguard while others remain heavily reliant on fossil fuels. Unfortunately, even the winners of the clean energy race fail to realize the full range of benefits that can accrue to renewable energy sources as long as other countries continue to rely on fossil fuels for their energy needs. To determine the facts about what is happening today and likely outcomes for the future, this paper reviews the relevant literature to describe how developing countries can reach 100% renewable energy as well as some of the more severe challenges that are involved in providing clean energy in developing regions of the world. In addition, a discussion concerning whether the goal of achieving clean energy access for all humanity by 2030 is achievable or not is followed by an analysis of…
The feedstocks that are considered include going back on coal Gasification, and coal liquefaction, stranded natural gas and oil which was heavy and available from the 'oil shale' or 'tar sands', and biomass. Because of its eco friendly nature and sustainability biomass is to be considered as the better alternative. There are some technical barriers that have to be overcome in using biomass as alternate feedstock. Governments are now considering the aspects of power generation and production of transportation fuels. The know-how for the chemical industry is yet to be developed fully and this can be using feedstock alternatives to petroleum and using sustainable manufacturing practices. (McFarlane, 2006)
It is also argued that the resources and environmental pressures spring from the throughput of materials in the economy. That is determined by total output. Now total output could be considered again in the denomination of population and per capita output, and…
Aftalion, Fred. 1991. A History of the International Chemical Industry. Benfey University of Pennsylvania Press: Philadelphia.
Blackburn, John O. 1987. The Renewable Energy Alternative: How the United States and the World Can Prosper without Nuclear Energy or Coal. Duke University Press. Durham, NC.
Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology (BCST). 2005. Sustainability in the Chemical Industry: Grand Challenges and Research Needs - A Workshop Report. The National Academies Press.
Bozell, Joseph J. 2008. Feedstocks for the Future -- Biorefinery Production of Chemicals from Renewable Carbon. Clean-Soil, Air, Water, vol. 36, no. 8, pp: 641 -- 647.
Ecological Preservation at the Hart of Dynamic Boca de Iguanas Development (2008) St. Michael Strategies (SMS) Press Release. PR.com online available at http://www.pr.com/press-release/35513
Jeffrey Chow, Raymond J. Kopp, Paul R. Portney. (2003). Energy resources and global development. Science, 302(5650), 1528-31. Retrieved September 5, 2008, from Research Library database. (Document ID: 490116241).
Mattson, K.M., and Angermeier, P.L. (2007) Integrating Human Impacts and Ecological Integrity into a Risk-Based Protocol for Conservation Planning Journal of Environmental Management Vol. 39, No. 1 Jan 2007. Online available at http://www.springerlink.com/content/t13674l78j31jq05/
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Negative Secondary Impacts from Oil and Gas Development (nd) the Energy & Biodiversity Initiative. Online available at http://www.theebi.org/pdfs/impacts.pdf
Santopietro, George D. (2005) Raising Environmental Consciousness vs. Creating Economic Incentives as Alternative Policies for Environmental Protection Journal; Journal of Economic Issues, Vol. 29, 1995. Excerpt online available at http://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst?docId=5000322449
These massive walls of water travel faster than a commercial jet as they descend upon cities and islands. The energy and force of a Tsunamis is the massive transference of potential energy, caused by the shifting currents of the ocean, into kinetic energy that active pushes the Tsunamis forward. In 2004, one tsunami traveled 375 miles in a mere 75 minutes, about 300 miles per hour. Energy however is not just limited the massive, and the mystical, it is present in every form of life. In our own bodies, energy is the driving force behind why our heart pumps blood and why we have the ability to breathe. We use chemical energy, kinetic energy, heat energy, etc. To power the basic functions of our bodies.
imply put, energy drives every stage of life, it is in attempting to find the factors that influence how energy is used and cultivated that…
Simply put, energy drives every stage of life, it is in attempting to find the factors that influence how energy is used and cultivated that has established the sciences. There are limitations to energy however, detailed by the fundamental laws of physics such as the law of conservation of energy. Scientist's everyday is attempting to fine hone and find the limitations of scientific knowledge. In the hopes that one day we will find an indisputable source of energy that will never wane in force, the dream of "perpetual motion."
Serway, Raymond a.; Jewett, John W. (2004). Physics for Scientists and Engineers (6th ed.). Brooks/Cole
Walding, Richard, Rapkins, Greg, Rossiter, Glenn (1999-11-01). New Century Senior Physics. Melbourne, Australia: Oxford University Press
energy and how it can be produced. Further it also delves on the various forms of energy and how energy can be conserved at home?
What is energy? Energy is the vital and life sustaining force that is the source of the power that is used in the manufacturing of goods, the transportation of these goods, and the business involved in these two activities that form the backbone of the economy of the entire world. The supply and the demand of energy play an extremely important role in the economic output of a nation, and also in the national security of the entire nation. The United States of America alone expends about $500 billion on energy each and every year. (Energy
Energy Savers: Introduction. Office of energy efficiency and renewable energy. Retrieved From http://www.eere.energy.gov/consumerinfo/energy_savers/intro.html Accessed on 12 January, 2005
Energy Sources, U.S. Department of Energy. Retrieved From
http://www.energy.gov/engine/content.do-BT_CODE=ENERGYSOURCES Accessed on 12 January, 2005
Fuel (Coal)/Uranium Needed (tons)
Sulfur Dioxide and Other Emissions (tons)
adioactivity mSv (millisievert)
Solid Waste (tons)
Increased global warming and health effects.
Coal power plants and nuclear power plants are currently the two basic sources of electricity generation across the globe. The purpose of this lab animation and report is to evaluate which of these sources of energy is better for human sustainability. The determination of the more efficient of these two energy sources is based on the data provided above and further research.
The generation of electricity is the leading industrial activity that produces air and gases emissions across the globe. This process is usually carried in several power plants that use different sources of energy. Generally, a huge percentage of the world's electrical power is produced through the use of non-renewable energy sources like coal and uranium (Matthews,…
Kyler, D. (2013, February 4). An Honest Look at Sustainability. Retrieved April 28, 2013, from http://www.sustainablecoast.org/site/honestlook.html
Matthews, M. (n.d.). Which One is Better for the Environment: Coal or Nuclear? Retrieved
April 28, 2013, from http://greenliving.nationalgeographic.com/one-better-environment-coal-nuclear-20469.html
Strip Mining Project
Strip mining has long attracted the attention that "fracking" is now due to the proven or at least theoretical environmental impacts and issues that can or definitely arise when the practice is engaged in. Not unlike similar industries like timber, anything that destroys or alters wetlands/marshes, anything that leads to increase erosion and so forth is hotly contested and debated. Even basic things like irrigation of crops can raise a proverbial stink if the water is denied to people or states that happen to be downstream and they feel they need/deserve it so as to provide drinking water, their own crop irrigation or other environmental concerns. While strip mining, especially that which relates to energy like lignite and lithium, is here to stay and largely cannot be stopped, the real and tangible impacts it can and does have need to be taken seriously before the lignite-harvesting project…
EIA. (2014, June 23). Coal. EIA Energy Kids. Retrieved June 23, 2014, from http://www.eia.gov/KIDS/ENERGY.CFM?PAGE=COAL_HOME-BASICS
WSGS. (2014, June 23). Wyoming State Geological Survey. Wyoming State Geological
Survey. Retrieved June 23, 2014, from http://www.wsgs.uwyo.edu/Research/Energy/Coal/Diagrams.aspx
WVC. (2014, June 23). 2013. Coal Facts. Retrieved June 23, 2014, from http://www.wvcoal.com/coal-facts-2013.html
The primary sources of energy in the UK comes in the form of oil and gas reserves from the North Sea and coal. These sources are expected to continue to be dominant until at least 2020, although it should be noted that the annual output from the North Sea is now on the decline (UK Parliament, 2010). As a result, the government has embarked on a strategy to reshape the energy dynamic of the nation. The objective of the program is to establish renewables as the largest source of energy in the UK by 2020.
Nuclear power has been downplayed in the UK energy landscape. A lull in new capacity existed until 2007, so no new capacity is expected to replace decommissioned nuclear power plants until at least 2017, meaning that renewables development is critical to reshaping the UK energy landscape (Ibid). Wind is the crucial form of…
Appleyard, D. (2013). UK confirms plans for 39gw of offshore wind by 2030. Renewable Energy World. Retrieved November 11, 2013 from http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2013/11/uk-confirms-plans-for-39-gw-of-offshore-wind-by-2030
Department of Energy and Climate Change (2013). UK renewable energy roadmap update 2013. Department of Energy and Climate Change. Retrieved November 11, 2013 from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/255182/UK_Renewable_Energy_Roadmap_-_5_November_-_FINAL_DOCUMENT_FOR_PUBLICATIO____.pdf
Czyzewski, A. (2011). Government reveals plans to reform UK's energy landscape. The Engineer. Retrieved November 11, 2013 from http://www.theengineer.co.uk/news/news-analysis/government-reveals-plans-to-reform-uks-energy-landscape/1009385.article
Buchan, D. (2013). Can shale gas transform Europe's energy landscape? Centre for European Reform. Retrieved November 11, 2013 from http://www.cer.org.uk/sites/default/files/publications/attachments/pdf/2013/pbrief_buchan_shale_10july13-7645.pdf
Future Energy: Guiding Decisions Evidence in order reduce negative environmental impacts growing human population increasing demands energy technological advances continue, individual countries, states, cities households opportunity shift energy sources renewable
Most consumers are unaware of the extreme negativeness surrounding their consumption of goods and that it inevitably leads to environmental degradation. However, there seems to be a more conscious effort to go around the negative impact of consumption of energy by choosing renewable sources. In this essay, we will assess a particular region in America and that is the state of Florida with specific references to certain areas in order to observe what sources of energy are currently used and what renewable sources may be best suitable and least suitable in the area, considering climate and the environment.
With climate changes accelerating at a fast pace, Miami, which is already subject of the increase of Earth's temperatures and rise of…
Miami -- Dade County. N. y. Energy -- Electricity and Fuel [Data File] Retrieved from http://www.miamidade.gov/greenprint/planning/library/milestone_one/energy.pdf
Natural Resources Defense Council. N. y. State Profiles -- Florida [Data File] Retrieved from http://www.nrdc.org/energy/renewables/florida.asp
Establishment Energy Cooperation
Establishment of Energy Cooperation System East Asia
The economic growth and its sustainability of any developing and developed country are dependent on the basis of its energy requirements (Lincoln, 2004). The countries in East Asian region are also no exception. The energy requirements of the region are swelling with the increased focus on its development. The regional focus has also established grounds for the political and industry leaders to focus on the requirements and prepare their countries for future energy needs. The region is also dependent on the energy imports especially the fuel for energy including oil and gas. The increasing energy production requirements are also creating an issue for the local governments to manage the energy prices within the affordable range of its consumers.
The local cooperation among various countries in the region is affected by the political and territorial issues. However the regional cooperation organizations…
Dent, C.M. (2008). East Asian Regionalism. USA: Routledge.
Dincer, I., & Rosen, M.A. (2012). Exergy: energy, environment and sustainable development. USA: Elsevier.
Economides, M.J., & Wood, D.A. (2009). The state of natural gas. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 1(1), 1-13.
Fujita, M., Kuroiwa, I., & Kumagai, S. (Eds.). (2011). The Economics of East Asian Integration: A Comprehensive Introduction to Regional Issues. USA: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Ultra Long-Term Perspectives World Energy
Energy is a very important part of our lives and the world that we live in today. It has always been important since the time that the humans used to do all their work by themselves to the times when they started using animals and even today when we make use of the energy sources around us to produce energy such as electricity.
Today our main source of energy are the fossils fuels that won't last forever as, they take millions of years to form and very little time to get used as a source of energy. One of the very important concerns of today's time is the speed with which we are consuming these fossil fuels and how it will be very difficult for us to keep up with the increased demand which is expected to double by 2050 as the population is expected…
European Renewable Energy Council EREC. (2010). Re-thinking 2050 - A 100% renewable energy vision of EU. Retrieved from http://www.erec.org/media/publications/re-thinking-2050.html
Jess, A. (2010). What might be the energy demand and energy mix to reconcile the world's pursuit of welfare and happiness with the necessity to preserve the integrity of the biosphere? Energy Policy, 38(8), 4663 -- 4678. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421510003009
Khatib, H. (2011). IEA World Energy Outlook 2010 -- A comment. Energy Policy, 39(5), 2507 -- 2511. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421511000930
Khatib, H. (2012). IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 -- A comment. Energy Policy, 48, 737 -- 743. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421512005149
("Fossil Fuels and Minerals," n.d., 173 -- 215)
The impact of wind farms on the natural landscape is troubling. This is because some communities think that the sight of large fields is destroying the scenery. Evidence of this can be seen in Martha's Vineyard. What happened is many residents began to oppose these kinds of projects out of concerns about how this will impact their views. This led to animosity about where to place wind farms. As a result, proponents argue that establishing these fields in different locations will be challenging. This is when the project will face increased delays and higher costs. ("Fossil Fuels and Minerals," n.d., 173 -- 215)
Advantages of Wind Power
Despite the claims of opponents, the reality is that the use of wind power is a viable resource. A good example of this can be seen with Denmark (who produces 20% of their total energy…
Fossil Fuels and Minnerals. (n.d.).
Renewable and Nuclear Energy. (n.d.).
Deal, W. (2010). Wind power: An emerging energy source. Technology & Engineering Teacher, 70 (1), 9-15.
Community's Source of Energy
An Examination of Energy Sources in the Willows Community of Gilbert, Arizona
The community of Willows is located in the city of Gilbert, Arizona. It is an HOA community of single family homes, with a number of amenities included. As with any community, it has power usage needs that have to be considered. Before the community was built, the issue of how to get power to the area and how much power might be used by the residents there was considered. Then, the community was built and the houses were sold. That raised the amount of power that was needed in Gilbert, which is a growing city with a strong population base and many things for residents to enjoy. The power needs of any community are important, because residents want to be assured that they have enough of what they need to power their homes (Aitken,…
Aitken, D.W. (2010). Transitioning to a renewable energy future. NY: International Solar Energy Society.
Lovins, A. (2011). Reinventing fire: Bold business solutions for the new energy era. NY: Chelsea Green Publishing.
Makower, J, Pernick, R., & Wilder, C. (2009). Clean Energy Trends. NY: Clean Edge.
Renewable energy. (2014). SRP. Retrieved from http://www.srpnet.com/environment/renewable.aspx
Downside of Nuclear Energy:
Energy production has been a major issue that has attracted huge concerns in the recent past because of the negative environmental impacts associated with generating energy through burning of fossil fuels. A growing interest in nuclear power has significantly increases during this period as it is considered as a real solution to energy security and means of dealing with climate change. Actually, there have been concerns on whether nuclear power is the solution or answer to a warming planet or it is dangerous and expensive to meet the future energy needs of the modern society. hile some people have argued in support of the use of nuclear energy as a solution to these problems, others have opposed such attempts. These varying opinions have been based on arguments and counter-arguments that demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy.
Increased Attention on Nuclear Power:
As previously mentioned,…
Adamson, Greg. We All Live on Three Mile Island: The Case against Nuclear Power. Sydney: Pathfinder, 1981. Print.
"The Case against Nuclear Power and the Case for Real Solutions to Energy Security and Climate Change." Greenpeace International. GREENPEACE. Web. 31 May 2014. .
Totty, Michael. "The Case For and Against Nuclear Power." The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company, 30 June 2008. Web. 31 May 2014. .
Williams, Chris. "The Case against Nuclear Power." ISR - International Socialist Review. The Center for Economic Research and Social Change. Web. 31 May 2014. .
S. pp). For more than ten years, Chinese officials have stated that production from Chinese firms investing overseas is more secure than imports purchased on the international market (U.S. pp). In order to secure more reliable access, Chinese firms are being directed to invest in projects in the Caspian region, Russia, the Middle East and South America (U.S. pp).
The National Intelligence Council's report also states that Europe's energy needs will probably not grow to the same extent as those of the developing world, partly because of Europe's expected lower economic growth and more efficient use of energy (U.S. pp). Europe's increasing preference for natural gas, combined with depleting reserves in the North Sea, will provide an added boost to political efforts that are already under way to strengthen ties with Russia and North Africa, since gas requires a higher level of political commitment by both sides in designing and…
"Globalization and Energy Supply: Strategic Risk in the 21st Century."
A Deloitte Research Viewpoint. May 2004.
Harris, Martha Caldwell. "The Globalization of Energy Markets."
Alternate Energy in Daily Life
Imagine that you could travel in time, much like Doc Brown and Marty McFly in the movie Back to the Future. uppose you traveled back to 1955 with the Doc and Marty and asked a resident of 1955 what the year 2011 would be like. Would he predict hybrid cars, or flying cars? Would he believe that the United tates has a moon base -- or that is has no moon program at all? Would he believe that kids carry cell phones but that the only commercial viable robot is the Roomba vacuum? omeone living in 1955 would probably predict a future much different from the one we are actually living today. When you consider how life in the future was depicted in movies, TV programs, and books in the middle of the 20th century, it easy to see that our predictions about the future…
Sources." (February 21, 2009.) Retrieved April 27, 2011 from the Alternative Energy website at http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/hydrogen-fuel-from-non-food-sources/
IBM. (2000.) "Flying Cars Commercial." Retrieved April 26, 2011 from YouTube.com at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vzm6pvHPSGo
Johnson, Keith. (August 10, 2009.) "Blown Away: Wind Power Makes Electricity Cheaper in Texas." Retrieved April 28, 2011 from the Wall Street Journal at http://blogs.wsj.com/environmentalcapital/2009/08/10/blown-away-wind-power-makes-electricity-cheaper-in-texas/
Kobayashi, Teruo. (December, 2005.) "Progress of Electric Railways in Japan." Japan Railway and Transport Review issue 42. Pp 62-69. Retrieved from http://jrtr.net/jrtr42/pdf/s62_kob.pdf
Loftin, Josh. (April 18, 2011.) "Home renewable energy for focus of Utah conference." Retrieved April 27, 2011 from Business Week at http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9MM3JV80.htm
My energy use varied depending on the day. In general, heating oil is used, so this will increase on days that are cooler or wetter. Electrical reflects appliance usage for the most part. There is a baseline of electrical usage for things like lights, coffee maker and other daily essentials. Electricity usage spikes on laundry day in particular. There is a small solar component to the heating, providing heat for a couple of rooms. Auto gas reflects car usage, which fluctuates. There is a commuting baseline for five out of seven days, and so non-commuting days can see lower gasoline usage.
The local energy company uses primarily coal as its power source, but also makes use of a small percentage of nuclear power as well. The utility posts this information on its website. The different power sources are all outlined, so consumers can effectively understand the source of the…
EDF (2011). California's global warming solutions act. Environmental Defense Fund. Retrieved October 31, 2011 from http://www.edf.org/climate/AB32
Sustainable Energy for Low Carbon House in Grand Parade righton
The focus of this study is the energy profile of a house identical to the house constructed in Grand Parade righton which is an energy efficient house constructed from waste materials. The climate will be considered as well as the standards and best practices in the construction industry.
righton is reported to have an Oceanic climate much as does the majority of southern ritain with the summer months affected by sea breezes lowering the temperature by five degrees as compared to inland. Snow is common in the winter in righton. The following table shows the monthly average high temperature in righton throughout the year.
Monthly Average High Temperature in righton
]Climate data for righton
Average high "C ("F)
An Introductory Guide to Best Practice in Construction (2012) Construction Excellence in the Southeast. Retrieved from: http://www.secbe.org.uk/documents/introductory_best_practice_guide.pdf
What is BREEAM? (2012) BREEAM. Retrieved from: http://www.breeam.org/about.jsp?id=66
Code for a Sustainable Environment (2012) BREEAM. Retrieved from: http://www.breeam.org/page.jsp?id=347
Sustainability and BREEAM (2012) BREEAM. Retrieved from: http://www.bre.co.uk/page.jsp?id=1766
Energy: A Bright Future Through Diversification
The energy industry has been a lucrative and growing one for generations, and will continue to be so in the future. Multiple sectors depend on the robustness of the energy industry for their long-term success, ensuring the relevance of and reliance on the energy business for the foreseeable future. From space exploration and military technology to utilities and essential services, quality energy sourcing, processing, generation, and distribution are all crucial to life on earth. Furthermore, the world's population is growing at an alarming rate, necessitating new products, services, and innovations to fit growing energy needs. The industry's ability to adapt to change, mitigate risks, and manage market forces makes it certain that my future in the energy field is a bright one.
Granted, a "massive transformation" is predicted for the future of the energy industry due to the boom in solar projects around the…
Future of Renewable Energies
hile the reliance of the United States on natural resources and fossil fuels must give way to renewable and sustainable resources at some point, the ability to change to new technologies is not yet here and further efforts are needed to make the United States both energy-independent and free of fossil fuels.
The USA is one of the greatest countries in the world. This is not just because of its superpower in terms of policing the entire globe, but also being with an extensive source and use of the natural resources. ith the use of these natural resources, the country has been able to feed its population. This population is one of the greatest and is continually growing even with an annual admission of over 700,000 people from other countries. ith the use of the resources, the country developed a strong capacity before the world wars…
CEF. "Alternative Energy Sources - Solar, Wind, Geothermal, Biomass, Ocean And Other
Energy Sources." Conserve Energy Future. N.p., 2017. Web. 1 May 2017.
Cubbage, Frederick Jay O'Laughlin, and M. Nils Peterson. Natural Resource Policy. New York,
NY: Waveland Press, 2016
My future in the energy industry is bright because I believe I have the academic requirement, skills, and competencies to succeed. My main long-term goal is to become a recognized leader in the energy industry. I believe that if the energy industry is to earn due respect from the general public, then it requires the work and effort of honest, dedicated leaders who are ready to transform it for the better. For starters, I am about to complete my degree, which is the basic requirement for entry into any industry. My main objective is to attain a higher level of education within the next four years and earn my Master's degree. What is more, aside from the education, I endeavor to rack up training courses and apprenticeships along the way as these play a great part in meeting the skills necessitated in the industry. In addition, my purpose is to…
Future of Energy: Guiding Decisions ith Evidence
In order to reduce the negative environmental impacts of an ever growing human population and increasing demands for energy as technological advances continue, individual countries, states, cities and even households have the opportunity to shift their energy sources to those that are renewable. However, not all locations are equally amenable to any particular form of energy. This analysis will look at personal consumption of energy of the course of a normal routine and attempt to determine the major sources of energy use that are present in my life. It was found that heating and cooling and transportation were among the leading items that contributed to my total energy consumption. There are various ways in which these energy consumption sources could be minimized to create a better conservation of energy strategy in my normal routine.
The world is facing environmental crises from…
EIA. (2013, March 7). Heating and cooling no longer majority of U.S. home energy use. Retrieved from U.S. Energy Information Administration: http://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.cfm?id=10271&src=%E2%80%B9%20Consumption%20%20%20%20%20%20Residential%20Energy%20Consumption%20Survey%20 (RECS)-f1
Eichholtz, P., Kok, N., & Quigley, J. (2009). Doing Well by Doing Good? Green Office Buildings. American Economic Review.
Gordon, R., Kinsey, G., Nayaak, A., & Garboushian, V. (2010). 30% CPV Module Milestone. AIP Conference Proceedings, 171-174.
Kunzig, R. (2014, September 19). A World With 11 Billion People? New Population Projections Shatter Earlier Estimates. Retrieved from National Geographic: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/09/140918-population-global-united-nations-2100-boom-africa/
The modern world has been characterized with several environmental issues in the recent past including natural resource depletion, climate change, pollution, and overpopulation. However, climate change has attracted significant attention because of increased environmental impact of industrialization and globalization. Climate change is largely attributable to the current energy sources, which continue to affect the environment. As a result, the search for a suitable energy source with little to no environmental effect has become a major issue for policymakers, governments, and environmentalists. Despite conventional views that nuclear power is unsuitable, recent studies and statistics have considered it a clean energy source. This has contributed to arguments and counter-arguments on whether nuclear energy is clean and safe for the environment. Despite having little to no emission of dangerous gases, nuclear energy is unsustainable when considered from an economic and social perspective.
The Case for Nuclear Energy
In the past few…
Cavanagh, R. & Cochran, T. (2013, November 6). Nuclear Energy Film Overstates Positives, Underplays Negatives. CNN. Retrieved February 9, 2016, from http://edition.cnn.com/2013/11/06/opinion/pandora-nuclear-energy-opinion-cavanagh-cochran/
Kemfert et al. (2015, November). European Climate Targets Achievable Without Nuclear Power. DIW Economic Bulletin, 5(47), 619-625.
Koffler, D. (2008, July 8). The Case for Nuclear Power. The Guardian. Retrieved February 9, 2016, from http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2008/jul/08/nuclearpower.energy
Totty, M. (2008, June 30). The Case For and Against Nuclear Power. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved February 9, 2016, from http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121432182593500119
Nuclear energy possesses perhaps the largest potential for growth over the next few decades. The reason for this is the simple fact that it creates a relatively small amount of environmental pollution and can be adapted for use in nearly any part of the world. It certainly poses some security risks if it this technology is misused or mishandled, but the benefits certainly outweigh the costs. This type of energy production does not create smog, or direct environmental wastes, and many scientists, entrepreneurs, and engineers are looking at low cost, micro-nuclear solutions for small cities and towns (Kruger, 2006). Instead of building huge, multi-billion dollar power plants, the focus has shifted to creating small, sustainable, community nuclear power plants. The sustainability level of nuclear power is quite high given that a very small amount of nuclear waste is created for a huge amount of power output, unlike coal-fired power plants…
Hekkert, Marko P.; Hendriks, Franka H.J.F.; Faaij Andre P.C. And Maarten L. Neelis.. (2005).
"Natural Gas as an Alternative to Crude Oil in Automotive Fuel Chains Well-to-Wheel Analysis and Transition Strategy Development," Energy Policy: Vol. 33: Iss. 5, pp. 579-594.
Hoffmann, Peter. (2002). Tomorrow's Energy: Hydrogen, Fuel Cells, and the Prospects for a Cleaner Planet. MIT Press: Cambridge.
Kruger, Paul. (2006). Alternative Energy Resources: The Quest for Sustainable Energy.
Economics of Energy
There are different theories with respect to energy. Mearns argues that people should save energy, because there is a limit to how much proved reserves of hydrocarbons and there may even be limits to how much non-hydrocarbon energy available. It is necessary, therefore, to be highly efficient in our energy use (IanMearns.co.uk, 2014). His views contrast with those of someone like Christof uhl, who is the chief economist for BP. uhl argues that such efficiency is already occurring, that the West is experiencing lower levels of energy intensity and demand is primarily being driven by the developing world. Changes in the fuel mix are also a factor, he argues, and when developing nations follow the West in lowering their energy intensity, energy demand will start to stabilize (uhl, 2014).
The EIA release (2014) supports uhl's contention that energy use in the U.S. is starting to stabilize, and…
EIA. (2014). AEO 2014 early release overview. U.S. Energy Information Administration. Retrieved March 23, 2014 from http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/aeo/er/pdf/0383er%282014%29.pdf
Gilding, P. (no date). Carbon crash solar dawn. Paul Gilding. Retrieved March 23, 2014 from http://paulgilding.com/cockatoo-chronicles/carbon-crash-solar-dawn.html
IanMearns.co.uk. (2014). Entire website. Retrieved March 23, 2014 from http://www.ianmearns.org.uk/press.htmhttp://www.ianmearns.org.uk/press.htm
Ruhl, C. (2014). Over the hump for oil demand. BP. Retrieved March 23, 2014 from http://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/about-bp/energy-economics/energy-blog/over-the-hump-for-oil-demand.html
The urban village is being constructed on brownfield land that was formerly being used by an oil refinery that was called the Llandarcy Oil efinery that was owned by BP. This oil refinery was constructed between the years 1918 and 1922 and it has been labeled as the first crude oil refinery in the country. Since there were some economic changes, the site was closed in the year 1997 (Brownfield renewal in Wales and South West egion, 2007).
Planned Outputs of the Urban Village
According to the plan that has been prepared for Coed Darcy, the community will comprise of 4,000 homes along with employment space, community facilities as well as open space that covered an area of 1,300 acres. The estimate of the development of this community is about 1.2 billion pounds. Moreover, four new schools have also been planned for this community. These schools include 2…
"Brownfield renewal in the South West and Wales region" (2008). Investor Site Visit - 1st October 2007. St. Modwen Properties PLC.
"Coed Darcy gets outline planning permission" (2007). WalesOnline.
"Coed Darcy Name Revealed at Llandarcy Development Exhibition" (2008). Neath Port Talbot County Borough Council.
"Coed Darcy Urban Village" (2008). The Prince's Foundation.
According to some experts oil is a finite resource and within the next 25 years a global peak will occur in oil production. At the same time, oil use is continually expanding as more and more industries, countries and global use demands additional oil. In fact, some experts believe that oil reserves will be depleted within the next thirty years (Sheehan, Cambreco, Duffield, Garboski, Shapouri, 1998, p. 2). Projections such as these, if they are found to be true, will present future Presidents of the United States with a continuing source of trouble that will necessarily have to be addressed, probably more than once. How those future (and current) Presidents address the issue of a depleting oil supply will likely shape the face of not only America, but the entire global community.
One expert offers a grim outlook regarding the future of energy around the world. In 2009, Ayhan…
Baker, A.B. (2010) International economic interdependency and U.S. national energy policy, Energy Journal, Vol. 31, Issue 4, pp. 57-78
Demirbas, A.; (2009) Global renewable energy projections, Energy Sources Part B: Economics, Planning and Policy, Vol. 4, Issue 2, pp. 212 -- 224
Klare, M.T. (2010) Clean, green, safe and smart, Nation, Vol. 291, Issue 5/6, pp. 11 -- 15
Sheehan, J.; Cambreco, V.; Duffield, J.; Garboski, M. Shapouri, H.; (1998) An overview of biodiesel and petroleum diesel life cycles, U.S. Department of Agriculture and Energy, pp. 1 -- 35
Energy is the basis of industrial civilization and modern society. There is little doubt that without energy, modern life would cease to exist. Over the last two hundred years, human beings have relied heavily on fossil fuels for their energy needs. Fossil fuels, however, are non-renewable and in limited supply and if we continue to use the earth's fossil fuel resources at the present rate, we would soon run out of the earth's fuel reserves. Moreover, burning of fossil fuels contributes to air pollution, acid rain, and global warming that could ultimately make life unsustainable on our planet. ith several promising alternate energy sources such as 'geothermal,' 'nuclear,' 'wind' and 'solar' power having proved either too expensive, too dangerous or impractical, the need for a new invention that provides an alternate fuel was never more urgent as it is today. The invention that I have in mind is the…
Lindemann, Peter DSc. "Where in the World is all the Free Energy?" Extracted from Nexus Magazine, Volume 8, Number 4. (2001) September 23, 2003 http://www.nexusmagazine.com/freeenergy.html
Patch, Kimberly. "Sunlight turns Water to Fuel." Technology Research News. January 9, 2002 September 23, 2003 http://www.trnmag.com/Stories/2002/010902/Sunlight_turns_water_to_fuel_010902.html
Since nuclear energy is derived from uranium -- a finite resource -- it is a non-renewable resource
Kimberly Patch (2002). "Sunlight turns water to fuel" Technology Research News
Energy use is expanding and includes several different ways to harness power. From hydropower, to solar energy, to wind energy, the world is using the elements to create electricity for homes and businesses. While some favor solar power for use as the new kind of energy; businesses and those aiming to power many homes, opt for wind energy. Regardless of what is used, there is still a long way to go before people move away from traditional forms of energy like hydropower to more cost-effective ways like solar. I myself use hydropower or batteries to get through my days and understand the need to save energy and increase my power source options.
Most of the sources of energy I use are non-renewable except my re-chargeable solar batteries. These can be charged with sunlight and thus recharged from a renewable source. A second way I use energy each day is cooking.…
Waste and Energy Presentation
The first waste product is organic food waste. This ends up in landfills, and there are a number of negative outcomes. Food waste releases methane, a powerful greenhouse gas. Landfills are 20% of all methane emissions in the United States. Further, organic food waste is material that could be composted, but usually is not, representing a lost opportunity to create valuable compost for growing food. In addition, prior to making its way to the landfill, food waste is often stored in back alleys and in garbage cans, where it attracts rodents and other vermin (EPA, 2015).
Nuclear waste is a by-product of nuclear energy production. Nuclear waste comes in a number of categories, but it generally must be treated before it is deposited, and usually it must be turned to glass, stored in ceramics and then buried deep in the earth. Nuclear wastes have a long…
EPA.gov (2015). The food recovery hierarchy. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved June 1, 2015 from http://www.epa.gov/foodrecovery/
Tollefson, J. (2015). U.S. government seeks sites for nuclear waste storage. Nature. Retrieved June 1, 2015 from http://www.nature.com/news/us-government-seeks-sites-for-nuclear-waste-storage-1.17183
Greenpeace (2014). Coal impacts on water. Greenpeace. Retrieved June 1, 2015 from http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/campaigns/climate-change/coal/Water-impacts/
SourceWatch (2015). Fracking and water pollution. SourchWatch.org. Retrieved June 1, 2015 from http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Fracking_and_water_pollution
In this regard, some exceptions have been given to the insurance companies while the other companies should follow these principles.
In the year 2005, the commercial sector of the United Kingdom spent $16,500 million for fossil fuels of 350,000 GWh. On the other hand, researchers have reported that a decline of energy consumption has been observed in the tertiary sector of the United Kingdom (Probst & oecker, 2011, pg 109-124).
Hot water consumption
Probst (2011) stated that hot water is consumed around three percent in industries and fifteen percent I the fossil energy. This shows that a total of 22,000GWh of hot water is consumed each year.
The high and low temperature hot water from the hot water boilers is used in a number of things such as apace heating, washing and in some industrial processes. The direct and straight use of hot water is in washing. Modern hot water…
Abbasi, T., & a., a.S. (2011). Renewable Energy Sources . New Delhi: PHI.
Council, E.R. (2004). Renewable Energy in Europe: Building Markets and Capacity. London: James & James.
DeWinter, F. (1990). Solar Collectors, Energy Storage, and Materials. Cambridge, Mass. [u.a.]: MIT Press.
Herring, H., Hardcastle, R., Phillipson, R., & Energy, G.B. (1988). Energy use and energy efficiency in UK commercial and public buildings up to the year 2000. London: HMSO.
However, not every element of renewable energy will prove advantageous for us to implement. All of the forms of renewable energy have not been mass implemented on a large scale in the past. This means that we would have o completely redesign our energy plans in order to accommodate these new technologies. This will prove labor intensive and costly in the initial implementation stages (Hick 2009).
Yet, despite disadvantages, these new renewable energy sources are crucial to a better life tomorrow. Some prove much too costly to implement with any sort of immediate returns, such as massive wind energy plants. However, solar energy is much less costly, easier to access from an individual standpoint, and completely unlimited. Solar energy proves one of the most desirable and cost effective renewable energy sources for today, and can be implemented while we develop more strategies for the future.
Hick, Matthew. (2009). Advantages…
Hick, Matthew. (2009). Advantages and disadvantages of renewable energy. Renewable Energy Today. Retrieved October 11, 2009 at http://renewableenergy-today.com/Renewable-Energy/Advantages-Disadvantages-Renewable-Energy.html
White, Dowl. (2009). The advantages of renewable energy. Ezine Articles. Retrieved October 11, 2009 at http://ezinearticles.com/?the-Advantages-of-Renewable-Energy&id=1436956
CEFC and the Future of Environmental Finance
The Clean Energy Finance Corporation (CEFC) represents the most aggressive environmental finance initiative sponsored by the Australian Government to date. The CEFC is an independent entity established as part of the Clean Energy Future Policy by the Australian government. As of March 2012, funding for the program totaled AUS $10 billion in government backed investments for the commercialization and deployment of clean energy technologies. This research will explore the CEFC and its role in the development and deployment of environmentally friendly energy sources and alternatives.
Governments around the world recognize the need for developing clean and renewable energy sources that reduce their environmental impact. The topic of global warning and climate change has increased the need for the development of less energy intensive and environmentally damaging energy sources. Although the role of human beings in these changes is a topic of debate, it…
Business Innovation & Skills. 2011. The economics of the Green Investment Bank: Costs and Benefits, rationale and value for money. [online] Available at: http://www.bis.gov.uk/assets/biscore/business-sectors/docs/e/12-554-economics-of-the-green-investment-bank.pdf [Accessed 10 June 2012].
Clean Energy Council. March 2012. Design Features of the Clean Energy Finance Corporation.Deloitte. [online] Available at: http://www.cleanenergycouncil.org.au/...CEFC.../ ... [Accessed 10 June 2012].
Commonwealth of Australia. 2011. Clean Energy Finance Corporation, Expert Review. [online] Available at: http://www.cefcexpertreview.gov.au/content/Content.aspx?doc=report/default.htm [Accessed 10 June 2012].
Department for Business Innovation and Skills. 2012. UK Green Investment Bank. [online] Available at: http://www.bis.gov.uk/greeninvestmentbank [Accessed 10 June 2012].
The research showed that today's dominant energy model remains the centralized, large-scale energy production approach that is focused on satisfying increasing demand in an efficient fashion. The research also showed that the move is on to decentralized energy production through smaller production facilities and so-called micro-systems that supplement and even replace traditional sources of energy. Taken together, it is reasonable to conclude that the successor to today's large-scale centralized energy production will be decentralized, downsized alternatives that are designed to meet peak demands in a more efficient ways.
Barclay, .A. (2010, Summer). Feed-in tariffs: Too much of a good thing? Management
Quarterly, 51(2), 35-37.
Blumsack, S. (2007, January 1). Measuring the benefits and costs of regional electric grid integration. Energy Law Journal, 28(1), 147-150.
Bluvas, K. (2007, Fall). Distributed generation: A step forward in United States energy policy.
Albany Law eview, 70(4), 1589-1592.
Cohen, L.. (2001). The technology…
Barclay, R.A. (2010, Summer). Feed-in tariffs: Too much of a good thing? Management
Quarterly, 51(2), 35-37.
Blumsack, S. (2007, January 1). Measuring the benefits and costs of regional electric grid integration. Energy Law Journal, 28(1), 147-150.
Bluvas, K. (2007, Fall). Distributed generation: A step forward in United States energy policy.
Solar is the Solution, author Steve Heckeroth argues that solar energy is the key to alleviating climate change. Heckeroth builds his argument on the statement that "Solar is a promising source of future energy supplies because not only is it clean, it's remarkably abundant." Another one of Heckeroth's claims is that "relying on coal, oil and natural gas threatens our future with toxic pollution, global climate change and social unrest caused by diminishing fuel supplies." These statements are internally valid; although Heckeroth does not provide quantitative data to back up these statements, they are easy to reference. Moreover, Heckeroth establishes his own credibility as an author qualified to write about environmental science by stating "I have been studying our energy options for more than 30 years." Of course, "studying" something for thirty years does not automatically make a person an expert. Heckeroth is admitting that he is a layperson who…
Heckeroth, Steve. "Solar is the Solution." Dec-Jan 2008. Retrieved online: http://www.motherearthnews.com/Renewable-Energy/2007-12-01/Solar-is-the-Solution.aspx?page=6
Cost and CO2 reduction analysis were performed using local data available from both commercial and professional bodies. A majority of current thermal rating programs require the equipment to be tested in accordance to a standard test under specified testing conditions. This approach provides reliable data because it is possible to replicate such tests within an accepted uncertainty band. There are, however, some rating programs which combine a standard test and a calculation procedure to produce a performance rating. Such is the case for the energy guide label for electric and gas hot water heaters. A similar method has been developed to provide a practical rating system with the goal of presenting an easily understood comparison between SDHW systems and conventional hot water systems. Note that the performance any individual commercial enterprise will experience may differ due to location and hot water usage.
The thermal performance rating is based on the…
Abbasi, T., & a., a.S. (2011). Renewable Energy Sources . New Delhi: PHI.
BRE (2002), BREDEM-8 Model Description: 2001 Update, BRE, UK ? BSI (1989), BS5918:
British Standard Code of Practice for Solar Heating Systems for Domestic Hot Water,
Bradford, J. & Bean, F. (2011). 'Here comes the sun: a field trial of solar water heating systems.' The Energy Saving Trust. [PDF]
For one thing, while the deregulation of panish retail markets has driven interest among the nation's utilities to differentiate themselves and so win overall share, Iberdrola is already competing quite effectively on its renewable power proposition -- it is likely that most paniards who want to go green have already done so. hould Endesa require additional renewable capacity to meet demand, it also has the relatively captive resources of its recently announced corporate affiliate Enel Green Power to fall back on, allowing it to keep any value-added green power buying "in the family."
If cottish & outhern Energy finds it necessary to enter the fast-growing panish market, it may be easier to simply buy a small local utility and compete on the ground. This would give the company direct access to the wind-friendly panish subsidy regime; so far tightening budgets have not led Madrid to take a less active role…
Crouch, M. (2010). Electricity interconnector policy (PDF document). Retrieved from http://www.ofgem.gov.uk/Europe/Documents1/Interconnector%20policy%20consultation.pdf .
Enzili, M.M. (2008). Country study Morocco (PDF document). Retrieved from http://gtz.de/de/dokumente/cder2008-en-country-case-study-morocco.pdf.
European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E) (2009). Statistical yearbook 2008: Regional group Continental Europe (PDF document). Retrieved from http://www.entsoe.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/_library/publications/ce/Statistical_Yearbook_2008.pdf .
European Union (2001). UK-French electricity interconnector opens up, increasing scope for competition (Web page). Retrieved from http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/01/341&format=HTML&aged=1&language=EN&guiLanguage=en .
enewable energy sources are a major boon in the fight against carbon production and rising energy costs, but they are not the only way that residents can reduce their carbon output and their energy bills. Elements of passive design -- structuring and outfitting residences in a manner that simply reduce the amount of energy needed -- can also lead to significant reductions in carbon emissions and money spent on energy elements. What passive design requires is taking into account the physical situation of the residence in its natural environment, using the position of windows, air vents, basement structures, and other architectural as well as device elements in relation to the environmental elements of the sun, winds, temperature patterns, and more to provide the bulk of a home's needs in lighting, heating and cooling, ventilation, and more (Branz, 2012). Simple things like large and purposefully-positioned windows, often with special coatings and…
Branz. (2012). Passive design. Accessed 7 January 2012.
Sorensen, B. (2010). Renewable Energy. Burlington, MA: Academic Press.
Green building, a term also known as green construction or sustainable building refers to a structure and the use of processes that are environmentally responsible and also efficient when it comes to resources throughout the life cycle of the building process; from siting to the design, construction, the operation, its maintenance, renovations that are made and demolition. Therefore a green building design involves the finding of a balance between building a home and the sustainable environment. It requires a lot of cooperation of the design team, engineers, architects and the client throughout the stages of the project. The practice of green building has expanded and complements the classical building concerns of utility, economy, comfort and durability. Sustainable development refers to the ability of achieving a continuing economy prosperity while at the same time protecting the natural systems within the planet and providing a high quality of life for people (Katz,…
Patsalides, L. (2011). How Building Green Got Its start. Retrieved October 16, 2014 from http://www.brighthub.com/environment/green-living/articles/51601.aspx
Katz, A. (2012). Green building facts. Retrieved October 16, 2014 from http://www.usgbc.org/articles/green-building-facts
Loveland, J. (2013). The Evolving Impact of Green Building. Retrieved October 16, 2014 from http://www.iso.com/Research-and-Analyses/ISO-Review/The-Evolving-Impact-of-Green-Building.html
GSA. (20009). Benefits of Green Buildings on Costs, the Environment and Jobs.
Ethical Practices ithin Business
BP Struggles to Resolve Sustainability Disaster
Over the past 20th century and in the 21st century, ethics has neither been an option nor a luxury. It has not only become a moral or legal responsibility, but has also been an organizational priority within all sets of work groups, including both public and private institutions, organizations and companies. Ethical practices have also become the only strategy to combat the growing impatience within the society, as well as their responsible competitions and/or actions. These ill and unethical acts may in the long run impoverish a section of the regional economy through various organizations while enriching the crafty economies. Organizational leaders must thereby keep abreast of the rapidly changing technological advancements together with their possible effects on globalization, competitor products and services, opportunities, and threats that their organizations may face. Over a century, BP, the formerly Anglo-Persian Oil Company…
Carl, Safina. BP Struggles to Resolve Sustainability Disaster. Annual Report and Form- Case
4, 32:2, (2012),342-352.
In the GEOMA methodology, carbon dioxide displaces methane within the water lattice which reforms into a more stable state than was present with the methane. While this new technology is still in development, it is very promising (Traufetter, 2007). ecent advances by researchers from Japan, China, India, Canada, Australia, and the United States could result in commercial exploitation of Methane gas within the decade.
Natural gas recovery techniques have come a long way since that first primitive well in Fredonia. Now, a complex and sophisticated process brings natural gas from the field to your home. Exploration for new sources of natural gas has become a highly evolved science. Geologists study the physical structure of a potential site. The scientists can use seismology and magnetometers to develop three dimensional models of the earth using computer programs designed for that purpose. These models allow the geologists to narrow down specific areas that…
enewable Energy Sources Today: A eview The emergence of modern-day developed economies depended heavily on the availability of cheap and abundant energy, but the planet's oil reserves, which supplies…Read Full Paper ❯
Overall, the use of demographic, psychographic and geographic segmentation has allowed us to narrow down the different potential target markets considerably. These different markets each offer different levels of…Read Full Paper ❯
Part of the problem is governmental intransigence. For the past eight years in particular, energy policy has been driven by the oil companies (Environmental News Service, 2008), resulting in…Read Full Paper ❯
Renewable Energy The Law of Conservaton of Energy: The law of conservaton of energy says that energy can nether be created nor destroyed. The total energy that exsts n…Read Full Paper ❯
enewable Energy and Interdependencies: Six Council Properties Approach and uncertainty: What is the general approach that you will take to reduce carbon emissions associated with the issue that you…Read Full Paper ❯
There is another, more pressing reason for getting rid of our dependence on fossil fuels. It is not a newly recognized threat; in fact, it has been recognized and…Read Full Paper ❯
renewable energy resources and investment has grown exponentially over the last decade. hile availability of renewable technology, its ease of use and possibilities for application have increased the costs…Read Full Paper ❯
Notwithstanding these disadvantages, some regions of the European Union, though, are particularly well suited to the installation of wind farms. For example, a 5-megawatt wind farm featuring 10 wind…Read Full Paper ❯
(Williams 2005) The foundation of the Middle East region, is as dependant upon the realization of a balanced energy system, as is the rest of the world, for the…Read Full Paper ❯
Non-enewable Energy Data Analysis There were 143 respondents to the survey. They were 52.45% female (75) and 47.55% male (68). The survey respondents skewed older than the national average.…Read Full Paper ❯
China' s Investment in Green Companies Introduction Climate change is one of the major issues facing the world today – arguably the most important one of them all. At…Read Full Paper ❯
Electric car has recently become a viable alternative for the average consumer. Along with hybrid vehicles, most manufacturers offer some type of alternative fuel vehicle in their product line.…Read Full Paper ❯
Nonrenewable vs. enewable Energy Use Energy is required to run households, industrial units, transport, and for the production of goods and services in their basic as well as advanced…Read Full Paper ❯
Government Role Renewable energy and sustainable development Why Australian Government should lead the initiative? Governmental initiatives Supply side interventions: Rebates and feed-in tariffs Renewable energy is derived from sources…Read Full Paper ❯
renewable energy development from the 1970s to present. Historical changes in energy misuses (i.e. pollution) and consumption (oil reserves) have resulted in increased concern regarding the search and use…Read Full Paper ❯
Hydroelectric Power: The Renewable Energy Source For centuries, human have been relying solely on the use of fossil fuel to produce energy. To anticipate the exhaustive use of fossil…Read Full Paper ❯
However, dependence on one single form of renewable energy will not be practical as all geographical regions within the United Kingdom have their own geographical features and all energy…Read Full Paper ❯
The obvious solution is to make the transition away from dependence on fossil fuels that has been debated for decades but never emphasized in a serious way by any…Read Full Paper ❯
Scale Use of enewable Energy for Manufacturing Facility Workplace enewable energy is a type of energy source naturally replenished and derived from the wind, solar, and geothermal action. Energy…Read Full Paper ❯
Who is Leading the International Clean Energy Race? The race for clean energy is already underway, but some countries are in vanguard while others remain heavily reliant on fossil…Read Full Paper ❯
The feedstocks that are considered include going back on coal Gasification, and coal liquefaction, stranded natural gas and oil which was heavy and available from the 'oil shale' or…Read Full Paper ❯
Transportation - Environmental Issues
Bibliography Ecological Preservation at the Hart of Dynamic Boca de Iguanas Development (2008) St. Michael Strategies (SMS) Press Release. PR.com online available at http://www.pr.com/press-release/35513 Jeffrey Chow, Raymond J. Kopp,…Read Full Paper ❯
These massive walls of water travel faster than a commercial jet as they descend upon cities and islands. The energy and force of a Tsunamis is the massive transference…Read Full Paper ❯
energy and how it can be produced. Further it also delves on the various forms of energy and how energy can be conserved at home? What is energy? Energy…Read Full Paper ❯
Energy Sources: Energy Source Fuel (Coal)/Uranium Needed (tons) CO2 Emissions Sulfur Dioxide and Other Emissions (tons) adioactivity mSv (millisievert) Solid Waste (tons) Accidents Coal Increased global warming and health…Read Full Paper ❯
Strip Mining Project Strip mining has long attracted the attention that "fracking" is now due to the proven or at least theoretical environmental impacts and issues that can or…Read Full Paper ❯
enewable Energy The primary sources of energy in the UK comes in the form of oil and gas reserves from the North Sea and coal. These sources are expected…Read Full Paper ❯
Future Energy: Guiding Decisions Evidence in order reduce negative environmental impacts growing human population increasing demands energy technological advances continue, individual countries, states, cities households opportunity shift energy sources…Read Full Paper ❯
Establishment Energy Cooperation Establishment of Energy Cooperation System East Asia The economic growth and its sustainability of any developing and developed country are dependent on the basis of its…Read Full Paper ❯
Ultra Long-Term Perspectives World Energy Energy is a very important part of our lives and the world that we live in today. It has always been important since the…Read Full Paper ❯
("Fossil Fuels and Minerals," n.d., 173 -- 215) The impact of wind farms on the natural landscape is troubling. This is because some communities think that the sight of…Read Full Paper ❯
Community's Source of Energy An Examination of Energy Sources in the Willows Community of Gilbert, Arizona The community of Willows is located in the city of Gilbert, Arizona. It…Read Full Paper ❯
Downside of Nuclear Energy: Energy production has been a major issue that has attracted huge concerns in the recent past because of the negative environmental impacts associated with generating…Read Full Paper ❯
S. pp). For more than ten years, Chinese officials have stated that production from Chinese firms investing overseas is more secure than imports purchased on the international market (U.S.…Read Full Paper ❯
Alternate Energy in Daily Life Imagine that you could travel in time, much like Doc Brown and Marty McFly in the movie Back to the Future. uppose you traveled…Read Full Paper ❯
Macroeconomics My energy use varied depending on the day. In general, heating oil is used, so this will increase on days that are cooler or wetter. Electrical reflects appliance…Read Full Paper ❯
Sustainable Energy for Low Carbon House in Grand Parade righton The focus of this study is the energy profile of a house identical to the house constructed in Grand…Read Full Paper ❯
Energy: A Bright Future Through Diversification The energy industry has been a lucrative and growing one for generations, and will continue to be so in the future. Multiple sectors…Read Full Paper ❯
Future of Renewable Energies hile the reliance of the United States on natural resources and fossil fuels must give way to renewable and sustainable resources at some point, the…Read Full Paper ❯
My future in the energy industry is bright because I believe I have the academic requirement, skills, and competencies to succeed. My main long-term goal is to become a…Read Full Paper ❯
Family and Marriage
Future of Energy: Guiding Decisions ith Evidence In order to reduce the negative environmental impacts of an ever growing human population and increasing demands for energy as technological advances…Read Full Paper ❯
Nuclear Energy The modern world has been characterized with several environmental issues in the recent past including natural resource depletion, climate change, pollution, and overpopulation. However, climate change has…Read Full Paper ❯
Nuclear energy possesses perhaps the largest potential for growth over the next few decades. The reason for this is the simple fact that it creates a relatively small amount…Read Full Paper ❯
Economics of Energy There are different theories with respect to energy. Mearns argues that people should save energy, because there is a limit to how much proved reserves of…Read Full Paper ❯
Coed Darcy The urban village is being constructed on brownfield land that was formerly being used by an oil refinery that was called the Llandarcy Oil efinery that was…Read Full Paper ❯
Energy According to some experts oil is a finite resource and within the next 25 years a global peak will occur in oil production. At the same time, oil…Read Full Paper ❯
Invention Energy is the basis of industrial civilization and modern society. There is little doubt that without energy, modern life would cease to exist. Over the last two hundred…Read Full Paper ❯
Energy use is expanding and includes several different ways to harness power. From hydropower, to solar energy, to wind energy, the world is using the elements to create electricity…Read Full Paper ❯
Transportation - Environmental Issues
Waste and Energy Presentation The first waste product is organic food waste. This ends up in landfills, and there are a number of negative outcomes. Food waste releases methane,…Read Full Paper ❯
In this regard, some exceptions have been given to the insurance companies while the other companies should follow these principles. In the year 2005, the commercial sector of the…Read Full Paper ❯
However, not every element of renewable energy will prove advantageous for us to implement. All of the forms of renewable energy have not been mass implemented on a large…Read Full Paper ❯
CEFC and the Future of Environmental Finance The Clean Energy Finance Corporation (CEFC) represents the most aggressive environmental finance initiative sponsored by the Australian Government to date. The CEFC…Read Full Paper ❯
Conclusion The research showed that today's dominant energy model remains the centralized, large-scale energy production approach that is focused on satisfying increasing demand in an efficient fashion. The research…Read Full Paper ❯
Solar is the Solution, author Steve Heckeroth argues that solar energy is the key to alleviating climate change. Heckeroth builds his argument on the statement that "Solar is a…Read Full Paper ❯
Cost and CO2 reduction analysis were performed using local data available from both commercial and professional bodies. A majority of current thermal rating programs require the equipment to be…Read Full Paper ❯
For one thing, while the deregulation of panish retail markets has driven interest among the nation's utilities to differentiate themselves and so win overall share, Iberdrola is already competing…Read Full Paper ❯
enewable energy sources are a major boon in the fight against carbon production and rising energy costs, but they are not the only way that residents can reduce their…Read Full Paper ❯
Green building, a term also known as green construction or sustainable building refers to a structure and the use of processes that are environmentally responsible and also efficient when…Read Full Paper ❯
Ethical Practices ithin Business BP Struggles to Resolve Sustainability Disaster Over the past 20th century and in the 21st century, ethics has neither been an option nor a luxury.…Read Full Paper ❯
In the GEOMA methodology, carbon dioxide displaces methane within the water lattice which reforms into a more stable state than was present with the methane. While this new technology…Read Full Paper ❯ | <urn:uuid:651a64f4-885e-4e11-a3de-4164afde00d2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.paperdue.com/topic/renewable-energy-essays | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.916144 | 21,524 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Did you see a springtail creeping around your mulch pile? Must be summer in North Carolina.
The heat draws out many unwelcome pests in the outdoor season, some more harmful (or irritating) than others. Springtails and millipedes are just a couple common summer invaders, and there are a few others careful homeowners should keep an eye out for. Here’s a list of the most common pests in North Carolina in the summertime.
COMMON SUMMER PESTS IN NORTH CAROLINA
North Carolina is home to thousands of different kinds of insects, pests, and rodents. But just a few dominate the summer scene. Here are the most common.
Ant can be annoying (those little sugar ants marching around your countertops) or they can even be dangerous (fire ants can pose a serious risk to people with allergies to them). And summer is their time to thrive.
You’ll find ants piled up in mounds outside your home, or plundering your kitchen and home for food and water — especially sweet things. Fire ants in particular can be attracted to the warmth of your outdoor grill. But ants can do some good for your world: they are pollinators (seriously!), aerating the soil and distributing seeds. They also eat other nuisance insects.
However, they can become a problem, and home remedies for fire ants especially can be unsafe (some people use gasoline or boiling water to get rid of them). And because you’re more likely to disrupt a colony than to eliminate it entirely, there’s a good chance the ants will just relocate and become a problem in another place. That’s why coordinated pest control — preferably among your neighbors, too — is the best way to take care of an ant problem.
Finally, it’s important to seal or caulk all cracks and openings under doors, in windows, and anywhere else that ants can creep in.
Here’s a fun fact: springtails — the flea-like pests that crawl around your leaf piles or compost heaps — are not actually insects but animals.
Springtails prefer to stay outside in your mulch, but in very wet — or very dry — conditions, they’ll start to creep inside for shelter. While they won’t bite you or eat your stuff or spread disease (phew), they can become an extreme nuisance and multiply severely — to the point of being able to scoop them up by the handful. And because they’re so tiny — between 1 and 2 millimeters long — you’re likely not to notice a full invasion until you’re deep in it. Prevention is key.
The No. 1 thing to know about millipedes: they stink. Literally, they smell bad.
They’re another pest whose numbers can increase rapidly into the hundreds and thousands. They’re also attracted to mulch and leaves, in addition to wet logs and woodpiles. (So, as always, ensure you’re keeping your firewood and your compost away from the actual structure of your home.)
While millipedes don’t pose too much of a threat (besides the smell), they can secrete a liquid that can cause blisters if it comes in contact with your skin. And, like springtails, they may seek shelter in your house during times of extremely wet or extremely dry weather. Once inside, they may burrow into crawlspaces, make homes in bathrooms and kitchens, and otherwise lurk in damp, dark places. Yuck.
Mosquitos are a big topic.
You know they’re annoying. You know they’re relentless. You know they make you itchy for days after the barbecue. But do you know also that the Zika virus is still a concern for pregnant women?
Mosquitos in North Carolina can also carry other sometimes dangerous diseases, like the West Nile Virus, Eastern equine encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis and Dengue Chikungunya. So, like all pests, they’re not just annoying. They can be harmful.
So here’s the deal with mosquitos in North Carolina.
North Carolina most commonly sees two types of mosquitoes: the Asian tiger mosquito and the eastern tree hole mosquito. Asian tiger mosquitos:
- Have black bodies with visible white stripes
- Have a distinctive single white stripe running the length of the back.
- Are about a ¼ of an inch long
You probably know by now that mosquitoes breed in still or standing water. In some swampy parts of North Carolina, mosquitoes are especially bad, but anyone with puddles in the yard after a storm knows you don’t need to be in a swamp to have a mosquito problem.
Eliminating standing water is an important step to reducing mosquito volume in your yard. And don’t just stop at the ground. Tarps, where water easily pools, can be a culprit, too, as well as the tops of air conditioners, sheds, your roof, and birdbaths.
(Check out more about mosquitoes in our pest library.)
You may encounter snakes — especially copperheads — along greenways or trails and wooded areas when the weather is warm. They are not aggressive, but they are venomous and if threatened (or stepped on), they may bite you. If you are bitten by a copperhead snake, you should seek treatment immediately to reduce infection and pain.
So in other words, stay out of their way and they’ll stay out of yours.
Ticks are a known — and growing — threat in the United States. They spread Lyme disease, yes, but they can also spread other diseases.
The four most common ticks in North Carolina are:
- American dog ticks
- Brown dog ticks
- Blacklegged ticks
- Lone Star ticks
And, according to the CDC, ticks can carry pathogens for many other viruses and bacteria besides Lyme:
- Anaplasmosis (transmitted to humans by tick bites primarily from the blacklegged tick)
- Babesiosis is caused by microscopic parasites that infect red blood cells. Most human cases of babesiosis in the U.S. are caused by Babesia microti. Babesia microti is transmitted by the blacklegged tick.
- Borrelia mayonii infection has recently been described as a cause of illness and has been found in blacklegged ticks.
- Borrelia miyamotoi infection (transmitted by the blacklegged tick) has a range similar to that of Lyme disease.
- Bourbon virus infection has been identified in a limited number of patients in the Midwest and southern United States.
- Ehrlichiosis is transmitted to humans by the Lone Star tick.
- Heartland virus cases have been identified in the Midwestern and southern United States. Studies suggest that Lone Star ticks can transmit the virus.
- Lyme disease is transmitted by the blacklegged tick.
- Powassan disease is transmitted by the blacklegged tick and the groundhog tick.
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is transmitted by the American dog tick, Rocky Mountain wood tick, and the brown dog tick in the U.S.
- STARI (Southern tick-associated rash illness) is transmitted via bites from the Lone Star tick.
- Tickborne relapsing fever (TBRF) is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected soft ticks.
- Tularemia is transmitted to humans by the dog tick, the wood tick, and the Lone Star tick.
There are a few things that you can do to avoid ticks in your yard.
- Clear up yard clutter. Piles of leaves, brush, and tall grass are the perfect hiding places for ticks, so clearing those out will give them fewer appealing places on your property.
- Ticks make their way onto properties by riding in on the bodies of their animal hosts. If you have a garden, try to limit the number of plants that attract wildlife, and keep your property well maintained to keep animals away.
- Equip your pets with tick protection. Outdoor pets are the most likely member of a household to carry ticks indoors because they are not usually shy about rustling about in areas where ticks are common. Use tick collars and/or tick sprays as your veterinarian sees fit.
- Regularly check around your property for areas that ticks like to hide.
- Contact a professional tick control company. Even the most careful precautions might not be enough to eliminate a tick presence, and that’s where we come into the picture.
(Read more about ticks in our pest library.)
SMOKY BROWN COCKROACHES
Cockroaches are another pest that enjoys staying underground cover like leaves and mulch and compost. They’re attracted to light so you may see them on your porch or driveway at night when your outside lights are on. And they’ll stalk your kitchen sink for water. But they’re different from classic German cockroaches, which are the ones associated with major pantry and other house infestations. Still, most of us prefer the number of roaches in our kitchens to be zero.
All the yellow jackets come out in summer — particularly in the later summer months of August and September. Like snakes, they’re best left alone. But also like snakes, sometimes you have an unfortunate accidental encounter with them. It’s not uncommon for people to accidentally stumble on them while mowing their yards or weed whacking, so prevention and routine pest control are your best defense. They tend to like sugary stuff like sodas and beer, so if you’re drinking from a can it’s a good idea to use a cup instead so a yellow jacket doesn’t sneak in and sting you.
FINDING PEST CONTROL AROUND CHARLOTTE, NC
Now that we’ve recapped some of the common pests around North Carolina, your next question might naturally be, “What can I do to get rid of pests in my home?” That’s where City Wide Exterminating comes in. Our Residential Pest Plan offers solutions designed to eliminate nearly any pest problem you may have, from common household pests like spiders, ants, and mosquitos, to bed bugs and wildlife. Several of our plans include multiple services, making our treatments as affordable as possible for our customers. If you’re looking for reliable and affordable pest prevention, your search ends here. | <urn:uuid:8ae002d0-f846-4377-bb22-3db2356e7e20> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.citywideexterm.com/blog/2021/september/a-guide-to-summer-north-carolina-pests/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.938487 | 2,218 | 2.328125 | 2 |
The Australian Securities and Investments Commission, or ASIC, has expressed its desire to support the crypto industry, noting the challenges associated with regulating innovative technologies.
Speaking as part of a panel during Australian Blockchain Week on Thursday, ASIC commissioner Cathie Armour described the regulator’s objectives as working to “maintain, facilitate and improve the performance of [Australia’s] financial system and the firms that operate within it” while also ensuring that “all investors and consumers have the confidence the participate in the system.”
“When we’re talking about new innovations like [DLT], or new products like various crypto asset products, from our perspective at ASIC, we are really interested in how those products can be utilized to improve how our financial system operates.”
Armour highlighted one such innovation, noting the Australian Securities Exchange’s plan to replace its Clearing House Electronic Subregister System with a distributed ledger-based system.
“We are spending a lot of time looking at the ASX’s proposal to change its clearing and settlements system,” she said.
Despite the regulator’s desire to work with the crypto asset industry, Armour emphasized the high volume of complaints regarding crypto scams received by th ASIC.
“As part of our job in dealing with consumer issues and investor issues, we receive a lot of complaints when things aren’t going right,” she said, adding:
“We know that this is probably a concern as much to all of you who participate in the industry as it is to us.”
Armour urged industry participants to alert the regulator about “poor practices or scam activity,” noting that the ASIC “would like to take action to disrupt poor practice in this sector.”
In March this year, the ASIC put out a warning that dating sites and apps have increasingly become hosts to crypto-asset scams: “Beware of profiles that suggest or pressure you to participate in ‘third party’ crypto investments. Most crypto-asset investment opportunities reported to ASIC appear to be outright scams with no actual underlying investment.”
In June of last year, the ASIC warned of an increasing prevalence of crypto-asset scams amid the coronavirus pandemic, estimating that overall scam activity had increased 20% between March 2020 and May 2020.
Julia started off her career as a travel blogger, hitchhiking and exploring the world as a nomad. After many years of traveling with little to nothing on her, volunteering, and waiting tables from town to town across Europe and US, she met a crypto trader who opened her eyes to how she can invest and make money with blockchain. Nowadays she is a trader and a blogger, writing about new currencies, NFTs, p2e platforms, and DeFi in general. | <urn:uuid:59b66ed6-d817-4795-810c-dc67cd84c010> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://allcoinss.com/despite-scams-australian-securities-regulator-keen-to-support-crypto-industry/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.954692 | 587 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Hendersonville, USA – Every year on the first Saturday in May thousands of people around the globe participate in World Labyrinth Day as a moving meditation for world peace and celebration of the labyrinth experience. Many “Walk as One at 1” local time to create a rolling wave of peaceful energy passing from one time zone to the next. St. Timothy is holding a community labyrinth walk on May 1st at 1 pm as part of this worldwide event; all are welcome. We ask that participants please wear a mask; social distancing will be observed. Anyone who is not physically able to participate may join the event by downloading a “finger labyrinth” and walking the labyrinth at home.
In addition, that morning at 10:30 am, Kate Thomas, a member of our congregation, will hold a one-hour Zoom workshop for anyone interested in finding out more about labyrinths, their purpose and history, and how to walk a labyrinth. To obtain the Zoom link, please e-mail email@example.com.
In contemporary use, labyrinths provide an opportunity for personal reflection, spiritual practice, or the reduction of stress in many different public and private settings. Over 6,000 labyrinths, including the one at St. Timothy, are listed on the World-Wide Labyrinth Locator website: https://labyrinthlocator.com.
St. Timothy’s labyrinth is a seven-circuit labyrinth patterned after one found in the Basilica of San Vitale in Ravenna, Italy. The age of the design is not known but the floor of the church was reconstructed with this design in the 16th century after floods damaged the church. The labyrinth is located beside St. Timothy Lutheran Church at 650 East Main Street, with ample parking in the back. To find out more about this event, please visit our website: https://sttimothyhendersonville.org/labyrinth/. | <urn:uuid:11aab142-c08c-47da-a7e5-09024222f33f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tntribune.com/nashville-community-invited-to-participate-in-world-labyrinth-day-on-may-1st/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.938419 | 393 | 1.804688 | 2 |
Reducing car use is the key to better health
15 December 2011
With just 39 per cent of men and 29 per cent of women reaching the Department of Health's recommended level of health-enhancing physical activity, the answer to the UK's growing obesity problem could depend on people choosing to swap car journeys for walking and cycling, according to a new study by researchers at UCL.
The report, commissioned by the Department for Transport, highlights the fact that physical inactivity costs the nation upwards of £6.5 billion per year through its impact on overweight and obesity, while also directly costing the NHS an additional £1.08 billion per annum.
The report, compiled by Professor Roger Mackett and Belinda Brown of UCL's Centre for Transport Studies, concludes that:
- increasing physical activity through more walking and cycling is the key to improving health
- the only way to increase walking and cycling significantly is through reducing car use
- car ownership is entrenched in the lifestyles of many households and reduction is only feasible if households can maintain access to cars when they really need them and make rational, economic decisions about the most appropriate mode of travel for each individual journey (on foot, by car, bicycle, bus, train etc); this will lead to less car use
- the recent growth of car clubs, neighbourhood car rental schemes, car sharing and pay-as-you-go insurance helps to make this possible .
Everyone knows that walking and cycling can provide valuable physical activity, but how we actually get people out of their cars is not so obvious
Professor Roger Mackett
"Everyone knows that walking and cycling can provide valuable physical activity, but how we actually get people out of their cars is not so obvious," says lead author, Professor Roger Mackett.
"The key lies in reducing overall car use, but enabling people to maintain their current lifestyles by ensuring access to a car when necessary. By shifting away from the current situation where most households own cars, to one where people can have the benefits of access to a car when they need it while using other forms of travel when it's convenient we can empower people to make decisions which benefit their health, their household finances and the environment.
need to shift the emphasis from households spending thousands of pounds on a
new car every few years and then experiencing a relatively low cost per trip, to
a situation where people pay for each individual trip but don't invest the
initial lump sum. By doing this, we will all think much more carefully about
the best way to make a journey - sometimes it will be by car, at other times it
will be by train, bus, walking or bicycle. Some households will find that they
no longer need to keep a car for their personal use and will save money."
Media contact: Dave Weston | <urn:uuid:f731da4c-6489-45c2-962a-cd5d3827c759> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2011/dec/reducing-car-use-key-better-health | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.960746 | 576 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Here at Trilby Station there’s lots of outback activities for the energetic traveller.
However, you won’t be pushed and prodded staying at Trilby Station. If you just want to put your feet up and relax with a good book and a drink – then just do it.
Gary and sons Tom & Will tend to keep a low profile. “The station doesn’t run itself” they say, and there are thousands of four legged ‘guests’ to keep happy.
You might spot them overhead as they muster the sheep and check the station bores from one of their Cessna 172’s – their “Toyota’s in the sky”. Or you may even come across them ‘out the back’ as you explore the outback activities on Trilby Station with your ‘mud map’ inhand.
Outback Activities | Mud Map Drives:
The station ‘Mud Map’ tours has approximately 90 km of self-guided tracks, divided into two trips. The tour is complete with detailed trip notes and pictorial guide to the most common plant and tree species in this region.
The Mud Map provides our visitors with an overview of the station from the black soil floodplains of the river to ironstone ridges and red loam soils further west.
Discover what we do in a flood, why the fences are like they are, how we water this vast property and what plants are edible for stock and what are not. Explore the open air museum of early settlers farm machinery, a typical 1950’s homestead and snippets of the Murray family history as you peek and poke around at your own pace.
Exploring the outback activities and wandering around the historic station using the station ‘mud maps’, sets you to wondering what life must have been like in this remote outback spot at the turn of the century.
- When paddle steamers were the backbone of this vast country and the thriving port of Bourke was the largest wool railhead in the world.
- Modern shearing was pioneered at Dunlop Station (Trilby was originally part of the million acre Dunlop)
- Samuel McCaughey shore his entire flock of over 180,000 sheep with the newly invented Wolseley shears in 1888.
- Stockmen on horseback, teamsters, shearer’s and landowners shaped this regions early history and gave it the reputation of being a hard, dusty frontier land.
Fishing & Yabbying:
Cod season is closed from September 1st until December 1st to allow the fish to reproduce in peace and quiet, without anglers harrassing them. This helps to provide a more sustainable and robust river system.
Liz will also provide you with a yabby net or two, along with some bait (if available), to try your hand at catching a few yabbies. This is an old favourite past-time for anyone connected with the land.
Yabbies are freshwater crustaceans and grow between 10-20cm (and even up to 30cm on occassion). Boiled just like a prawn or served in a creamy garlic sauce… you can’t beat the taste!
Outback Activities | Canoeing:
The majestic Darling River is an awesome spot to enjoy your peaceful surrounds from a slow-moving canoe. Share your experience with only the wildlife drinking from the edge, the pelicans fishing and the birdlife overhead. Canoes and kayaks are available on site for loan.
Outback Activities | Bushwalking, Cycling or Jogging Tracks:
Our tracks are are wonderful for peaceful walks, cycling or maybe even daylight jog amongst the dense river gums and the coolabah trees. Catch a glimpse of kangaroos, emus, feral goats, sheep and more as you go.
You will be reminded that you are in outback river country if a flock of red-tailed black cockatoos fly over. Their sounding rendition of kree kree kree echoing through the majestic River Red Gums as you walk.
Memorabilia dating from those times found on the station are on display, along with a vast collection of mounted prints.
A lot of the day to day running of the station happens out in the ‘nether regions’ but shearing, crutching, lamb marking and some of the mustering are occasionally within easy reach for you to observe.
Historic Dunlop Station Tour
Nearby ‘Historic Dunlop Station Tour’ is situated only 10km from Trilby Station.
Join Kim for morning smoko at 11am followed by a tour of her historic 1880’s stone homestead, built from stone quarried from a nearby hill, the store and the shearing shed – the first in the world to complete a mechanical shearing back in 1888.
It’s a fascinating walk back in time!
Open everyday except Monday’s and Wednesday’s.
Trilby Station, with more than 116 identified outback bird species in 2020, is a wonderful place to go birdwatching because seeing birds is easy … they’re everywhere you look! Trust us, wherever you go, there are birds.
Follow this link for an up to date summary of our birding Hotspot, and from here you can also print the eBird Field Checklist – Trilby Station Homestead and Camping Area to tick off yourself. https://ebird.org/hotspot/L3030320?yr=all&m=&rank=mrec | <urn:uuid:cff656cb-c859-459d-9c3e-2325837c8381> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://trilbystation.com.au/trilby-station-outback-activities/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.9424 | 1,177 | 1.507813 | 2 |
For decades, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) researchers have partnered with governments, local agencies, non-government organizations and US government agencies in other countries to address health issues from the HIV epidemic, malaria and TB to surgery, orthopedics and maternal and child health.
As UCSF’s research portfolio and in-country partnerships have expanded, we’ve seen that local registered offices enable us to be more effective and efficient, allow us to hire citizens and more easily comply with government and funder regulations.
Since 2016, UCSF Institute for Global Health Sciences has opened Global Programs offices in Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, Tanzania and Uganda to support UCSF researchers, as well as researchers from other University of California campuses, working in these countries. An additional office in South Africa is pending. All offices provide administrative support and many also have project management staff. We also offer expertise in informatics, monitoring and evaluation, surveillance and strategic information.
For more information, contact a country office at the contact information below or contact Jane Drake for general information. | <urn:uuid:2e283199-f3cd-4b5a-9347-d08808fcef87> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://ucglobalprograms.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.907317 | 221 | 1.609375 | 2 |
The Local Configuration Webapp is a website that runs on the Intwine Connected Gateway that allows administrators to configure the system, perform diagnostic tests, and view current status. In order to connect to it, follow the directions below.
1. Connect to the 4GR's Wi-Fi network. Use the name (SSID) and Default Password printed on the label on the bottom of the 4GR
2. Open a web browser (e.g. Chrome, Firefox, Safari, etc.) and browse to the address http://192.168.10.1 to access your 4GR Configuration Page. If you receive a security warning, dismiss it.
2. Enter admin as the username and use the Admin Password from the 4GR label.
3. Click the Login button. In a few moments you will be redirected to the Local Configuration Web Page.
4. You are now able to configure your 4GR! | <urn:uuid:e119ff50-478c-4457-9948-04542644c4d9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://support.intwineconnect.com/support/solutions/articles/47000354689-how-do-i-connect-to-the-local-configuration-webapp- | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.835785 | 188 | 1.585938 | 2 |
How Data Science Institute in Delhi Helps to Get Best Jobsby Manoj Singh rathore Digital Marketing Head and Founder
The Best Data Science institute in Delhi can be easily located through various means. This is a prominent educational institution that offers top-notch courses for students who are looking forward to taking up careers in this field of science. The course curriculum consists of various branches such as statistics, computer technology, engineering and management, and information systems. A top 10 Data Science institutes in Delhi can be found if you make use of the internet. Almost all the leading institutes of this discipline have websites that provide detailed information about them. You can get to know the basic qualifications and the services that they provide.
In addition, there is detailed information regarding the dates when the courses will be offered and the registration procedures that you will have to follow. If you want to find out whether the institute provides job placements, you can verify this from their website too. You can also find contact numbers of the Best Data Science institute in Delhi through phone directories. You can call and enquire about the courses offered at the college. When you have inquired about the same through phone directories, you should enquire about the faculty members too. It is not important whether the faculty members are professionals or not, but you should enquire whether the college offers jobs in Data Science or management post-graduation.
Best Features of Data Science Institute in Delhi:
Another method of finding the Data Scientist training institutes in Delhi is to employ the services of various data entry companies that are available throughout the city. There are quite a few data entry companies that work at providing service at different locations in the city. You should enquire about these companies and whether they are capable of providing jobs in Data Science courses at the Techstack Academy. Once you have zeroed in on one or two companies, you can further discuss the terms and conditions with them.
It is important to enquire about the length of the course and the number of subjects to be studied at the same time. The Best Data Science institute in Delhi that you choose should be able to meet your course requirements. This means that the institute should be able to provide the standard of education that you are looking for. Further, the college must also be offering jobs in Data Science or management post-graduation. You should inquire whether these jobs are only for a short duration or whether they are long-term.
Enquire about the faculty strength at the best Data Science training in Delhi. This will help you decide on which courses to take up at the institute. Ask about the instructors and their experience. The best instructor would be the one who has significant experience. The Advance Data Science Course in Delhi that you choose should be able to offer courses in a wide range of areas such as data analysis, machine learning, statistics, etc. This will ensure that you have a variety of options to choose from. Ask about the various types of internships and placements provided by the best Data Science institute in Delhi. These placements might be permanent in nature or temporary in nature. Also Read: Data Science Training in Delhi Benefits for Students
You can also ask about what are the requirements to acquire an internship and how long the same is going to be. The ideal place for such an internship would be at the best Data Science institute in Delhi since the institute will be able to arrange it in accordance with your studies. The Advance Data Science course in Delhi will be able to provide you with all the facilities and equipment required for your studies. These include the latest tools and software that are used in the field of data analysis. The institutes might even give you lectures on how to work with the tools and the software. These all factors should be carefully checked out before you decide on the top ten Data Science training in Delhi to pursue your studies.
Created on Jul 10th 2021 03:56. Viewed 135 times. | <urn:uuid:ee05aff8-de18-481e-a192-3ce822c179b0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.apsense.com/article/how-data-science-institute-in-delhi-helps-to-get-best-jobs.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.949316 | 798 | 1.617188 | 2 |
“The business of the future is not so different, It all depends on how we see the design.”
Design is an extension of business.
In general, organizational problems are design problems. From framing problems to planning approaches and articulating solutions, designers have a direct influence on business. We believe designers need a seat at the table when founders and leaders talk business.
By employing design principles and problem solving frameworks in business discussions, they begin and end with people – a critical and much-needed shift. We bring value to the organization by consciously viewing problems from the lens of those who need them solved the most.
The User Interface (UI) is a very basic term that refers to everything that you can see. Whereas, the User Experience (UX) is how you feel when you use it. For Instance, Imagine when you back home and your mom prepares a Chilli Paneer and serves you, the food looks colorful with some garnished onions and capsicum on it. On seeing, you will feel like eating, but what if your mom forgets to add salt in it? would you like to eat further? This is what UI and UX are all about. The UI is how you interact with a product (e.g., clicks, looks, and interactions) and the UX is the resulting opinion/emotion felt by the user (e.g., it’s fast/slow, intuitive/confusing, and/or makes the user feel happy/frustrated).
Sharing my experience of attending a conference on “The Strategic Element: Paneer and Design for Entrepreneurs” by chargebee.
I’m impressed with, “Design is more than UI and UX”. The key take away is “Focus on the business needs through the lens of the user experience”.
Understanding the difference between UX and UI can be a bit confusing as the roles work closely together, and sometimes the terms are used too ambiguously to firmly understand either one.
Design is more than UI and UX:
To understand about UI and UX, Ms. Sudharsana started with an example: of companies like Apple, Whirlpool, Coca-Cola, etc. Enhancing the user experience initially from product purchase to product delivery to value all the user needs. Then comparing Swiggy and Zomato where UI looks and feel is moreover similar whereas the UX plays a major role. Based on the research, Swiggy is used widely when compared to Zomato because of the user experience which Swiggy gives for the end-user.
“Sometimes something that looks great is difficult to use, great UI, and poor UX. While Something very usable that looks terrible, great UX, and poor UI.”
The above understanding isn’t entirely true from a user’s point of view. If either UI or UX is poor, the user senses an inferior product which means, both UI and UX need to more than just great individually. It’s only when they blend together seamlessly does either of the two and by extension the product, become great.
Create a connection between design and business:
Good design is really about problem-solving. So, bring a designer to the business table to understand the problems and to find the solution. A designer should be involved in the initial stage to derive a solution to the context of the problem and also the right designer should have the following qualities.
- Ask right Questions or Why questions on designs
- Peer to the product
- Follow Squad methodology, an internal discussion with the team to bring ideas
- Be Continuous reader
Anyone can think or work as a designer but, working as a problem solver is more important to reach the business needs. Know your audience, and make the user interface relatively. In Siam, we take responsibility for the UI/UX designs, focus more on solving the problem for the users with effective user experience, satisfy their business needs and make the designs that stand high in their priorities for the product.
If you are looking for IT Consulting Services company get in touch with us. to get a free consultation. This insightful blog post from Siam Computing walks you through the best product development practices. Subscribe to our newsletters and stay updated.
This insightful blog post from Siam Computing walks you through the best product development practices. Subscribe to our newsletters and stay updated. | <urn:uuid:4e112c17-781f-4c0b-94bb-314f54da9919> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://siamcomputing.com/product_development/what-is-ui-ux-design/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.953372 | 906 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Difference between local SEO and general SEO?Mar 15, 2020 | Reading Time: 2 minutes
Search Engine Optimization (SEO), is one of the powerful strategies for reaching out to potential customers. A cost-effective method, it has proved its worth over time.
There are two types of SEO, the local search engine optimization and general SEO. Unfortunately, there are lots of people who do not pay much attention to local SEO and concentrate on general SEO without realizing how important the former is. So, let us get to know about the difference between the two.
General SEO techniques are focused on helping websites show up in keyword searches being used worldwide. Most of the time, these techniques are designed to ensure that the website property has greater visibility in order to drive more traffic to the website. However, local SEO has a slightly different focus. While local SEO efforts still work to boost the online presence of a business and drive website traffic as well, the idea is not focused on driving customers to a website. The idea is to drive more customers to your front door. It is because of this difference, the techniques used in general SEO efforts are significantly different than those used for local SEO efforts.
In line with this, digital marketing companies in Dubai say that general SEO effort uses a number of techniques that help search engines index your website in such a way that the site appears on search engine results pages for certain keywords. Local SEO efforts, however, focus more on promoting the whole business online. While there are techniques that are implemented on the website itself, there are many other techniques used to boost your business including establishing business profiles in various directories, online map applications, and more.
Furthermore, if your products, services and business are targeting a worldwide audience, and you sell and ship products worldwide then you should consider doing general SEO. Your strategy should then be focused on large scale keywords. One of the challenges of general SEO is that you will have to compete with other national companies, and it’s usually harder to rank for your desired keywords globally than locally.
While for local SEO, it is recommended for local businesses that are located in and targeting a city or region. It could be a local attorney’s office, doctor’s office, restaurant, retail store, coffee shop, or any other business. According to SEO companies in Dubai, the keywords for local SEO should be personalized by geography.
The choice of selecting either of the two SEO strategies entirely depends on the nature of your business. Whether you need local search optimization services or affordable general SEO services, Creativo got you covered. Our experts understand what your business needs. We will create a custom strategy for your business that will help your business stand out among the competition and earn more leads and conversions.
So, if you are looking for a way to land more sales and take your business to the next level, consider talking to one of our marketing experts at Creativo about local SEO UAE today. | <urn:uuid:98099800-e3cd-4846-bca0-34d2fec5d6bc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://creativouae.com/difference-between-local-seo-and-general-seo/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.953807 | 600 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Rare map illustrating the naval battle between the French and Spanish off the Coast near La Rochelle.
The map shows the battle of the Isles de Lerins, during the Franco-Spanish War (Thirty Years War), fought between March 24 and May 13, 1637. The battle resulted in the Spanish surrender of the two islands of Sainte Marguerite and Saint Honorat to the French.
Below the map, a separately published text panel provides details of the battle, based upon a letter key.
The battle included both naval and land operations and mobilized 39 ships, 11 galleys, 6 fire ships, 12 flutes, and a large fleet of transport. The Spanish garrison was reduced and the French attacked with all their forces. On March 24, 1637 began the siege of the Lérins Islands and the beginning of the attack of five Spanish forts. After a siege of 45 days, the Spaniards from Sainte-Marguerite Island capitulated on May 12 and those of Saint- Honorat Island May 13.
The map is very rare. We locate only a copy in the BnF.
Melchior Tavernier was a member of a large family involved in the publishing trade in Paris in the early years of the seventeenth century. Early in his career, he apparently collaborated with Henricus Hondius, as at least one of his early maps references Tavernier as the seller of a map engraved in Amsterdam, by Hondius. He is probably best known for his publication of a map of the Post Roads of France, which was copied many times until the end of the century. He also issued an atlas under the same title as J. le Clerc's Theatre Geographique, using many of Le Clerc's maps, but incorporating others from different sources. He published composite atlases and also published works for other cartographers, including N. Sanson, N. Tassin, and P. Bertius. He is not to be confused with his nephew of the same name (1594-1665), who also engraved maps for Nicolas Sanson. | <urn:uuid:5bdccb75-ba61-480f-b0dd-22c08f26a635> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.raremaps.com/gallery/detail/52518/description-des-isles-de-ste-margrite-et-st-honorat-et-des-tavernier | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.972823 | 429 | 3.453125 | 3 |
Presidential and congressional elections were held in Panama on May 4, 2014.
The President of Panama is the head of state and government and is elected by popular vote (FPTP) for a five-year term, and may not hold the office for the two terms immediately following. The outgoing President’s relatives (within the fourth degree of consanguinity or second degree of marital relations) may not be elected. Similar to ‘fusion voting’ in the US, voters may vote for the same presidential candidate under different party lines (the candidate with the highest sum of votes, across all party lines, wins). Like in New York state, the number of votes which a party line won determines whether it keeps its electoral registration or not.
The National Assembly (Asamblea Nacional) is Panama’s unicameral legislature, composed of 71 deputies elected in single or multi-member constituencies, called circuitos electorales. These electoral constituencies are based on Panama’s administrative districts, which are the second-level administrative divisions: each district with a population over 40,000 inhabitants forms a constituency on its own, and each constituency elects one deputy per 30,000 inhabitants and an additional one for every fraction over 10,000. As of today, there are 26 single-member constituencies whose members are elected by FPTP. The remaining 13 constituencies elect between two and seven deputies to the National Assembly, returning a total of 45 deputies. In multi-member constituencies, voters vote for only one candidate on the party’s list. Seats are attributed using an electoral quotient, which is the number of valid votes cast divided by the number of seats to be filled. Party lists which have obtained more votes than the quotient obtain as many seats as they have full quotients. In the case that no party has won more votes than the quotient or there are still seats left to be filled, seats are distributed to parties which have obtained more than half of the quotient (medio cociente); parties which have already won seats with the quotient are not eligible for seats. Finally, if there are any seats left to be filled, they are distributed to candidates with the highest votes.
In this election, voters also elected Panama’s 20 deputies to the Central American Parliament (PARLACEN), 77 mayors, 648 representatives of corregimiento (the third-level administrative divisions below the district) and 7 councillors (elected by the districts of the indigenous comarca of Emberá-Wounaan and the offshore island district of Taboga).
The isthmus of Panama’s strategic location has had a huge influence on the country’s history. When Latin American countries gained independence from Spain in the early nineteenth century, Panama became part of the country which would eventually become known as Colombia. Panama’s golden age had come and gone under Spanish rule, and by the time Panama became a province of Colombia, it was a backwater region isolated from the decision-making centres of mainland Colombia (to this day, there is no road connecting the two countries, broken by the wild and impassable Darién Gap). Nevertheless, Panama’s strategic location as the connecting link between Atlantic and Pacific soon turned attracted the attention of foreign speculators. During the California Gold Rush, the isthmus became an important transit route between the American east coast and the west coast. In 1850, a group of New York financiers obtained an exclusive concession from Colombia to build a railroad through the narrow isthmus, which was completed in 1855. The railway restored Panamanian prosperity (briefly), led to the construction of the city of Colón on the Atlantic and exposed locals to Americans. In 1869, the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad in the US reduced passenger and freight traffic.
Ideas for a canal through the isthmus first sprang up under Spanish colonial rule, and throughout the nineteenth century, investors and governments in the US, Britain and France displayed varying levels of interest in a canal. In 1846, the US and Colombia signed a treaty which removed restrictive tariffs, granted free passage to all US citizens over any road or canal which might be constructed, while the US guaranteed the isthmus’ neutrality and Colombian sovereignty. But the first attempt to build a canal was that of France’s Ferdinand de Lesseps, who obtained a concession to build a canal in 1879. Work began in 1880, but the project foundered due to corruption (the scandale de Panama became one of the major political scandals of the French Third Republic), damaging speculation from rivals, financial troubles, tropical diseases and the impracticality of a sea-level canal despite de Lesseps’ obstinacy. In 1889, the company was bankrupt. Nevertheless, the French canal had completed excavation for 2/5 of the future canal and it left behind infrastructure and an Antillean black labour force, part of which would stay and eventually work on the US canal.
As an isolated backwater region of Colombia, there had been separatist conspiracies and movements in Panama for most of the nineteenth century, culminating in five failed secessionist attempts. Yet, Panama was also affected by spillover from the decades-long on-and-off political violence, civil wars, coups, riots and regime changes in Colombia (which affected Panama’s degree of autonomy: a federal state with significant devolved powers from 1863 to 1886, it became part of a very centralized and conservative-minded Colombia after 1886). In 1885, a riot in Panama basically destroyed Colón and Colombia called on US forces to restore order. After Colombia adopted a centralist constitution in 1886, many Panamanians became to support the idea of independence. Between 1899 and 1902, Panama was a major battleground in the Thousand Days’ War between Colombia’s warring Liberal and Conservative factions. Once again, Colombia called on the US to intercede and mediate the signature of an armistice on board an American warship off Panama in 1902. As a backdrop to all this, the US retained interest in building a canal, and an obstacle to this was dropped in 1901 when Britain agreed to the idea of a canal built solely by the US. The difficulty of moving warships from the Caribbean to the Pacific theaters during the Spanish-American War convinced President Theodore Roosevelt of the necessity of a canal.
In January 1903, the US and Colombia signed the Hay-Herrán Treaty under which Colombia conceded a 100-year lease on a canal zone 10km wide in return for fairly small financial compensations to Bogotá. The Colombian Senate unanimously rejected the treaty, a move which led to the formation of a separatist revolutionary movement in Panama which sought to negotiate directly with the US. The US actively encouraged these separatists. Philippe Bunau-Varilla, a French engineer who owned stock in the new French canal company and who had successfully sold the idea of a canal in Panama to the US Congress (which appropriated $40 million to buy land from the French), now provided financial assistance to the Panamanian rebels. In October and November 1903, they staged a successful uprising, while the US used the USS Nashville to impede Colombian troops from landing troops to suppress the uprising. Colombia resented the US’ actions, but was powerless to do anything. In 1921, Colombia finally recognized Panamanian independence in exchange for a financial indemnity from the US.
Within days, the US and other countries recognized Panamanian ‘independence’. Bunau-Varilla, from the Waldorf Astoria in New York (he had not lived in Panama for 17 years) wrote the Panamanian declaration of independence and served as Panama’s negotiator with US Secretary of State John Hay. In the hastily negotiated treaty ratified by Panama (having little choice), the US was granted, in perpetuity, the use, occupation and control of a 16km-wide zone for the construction and operation of a canal (in exchange for $10 million and subsequent annuities). The treaty further allowed the US to extend the Canal Zone if it believed it to be necessary for defensive purposes. The 1903 constitution of Panama gave the US the right to intervene anywhere in Panama to “to reestablish public peace and constitutional order”, in exchange for guaranteeing its independence. Therefore, Panama became a de facto American protectorate. In the Canal Zone, the US interpreted the treaty to mean that it could exercise complete sovereignty. The treaty and the constitution would rankle Panamanian nationalists for decades.
After independence, Panama inherited Colombia’s Liberal and Conservative parties, although these labels had little meaning. The Liberals having been behind the revolutionary movement, they came to dominate politics in Panama until 1932, although it remained an extremely factionalized and fractious array of caudillos. During this era, politics remained the exclusive preserve of a small oligarchy.
The US took control of the canal zone from the French in 1904 and began work on the canal, building on the foundations laid by the French and trying to avoid their mistakes. The US Army Corps of Engineers successfully rid the region of deadly mosquitoes carrying the yellow fever, allowing construction to begin with a workforce of approximately 65,000 men – mostly from the West Indies. The Panama Canal was completed in 1914. The canal has remained an issue at the core of Panamanian politics, and it has had a major impact on the country’s society and political culture. New forms of discrimination and segregation arose, and US presence in Panama began to generate resentment in the country. In the Canal Zone, the US assumed full sovereignty, despite Panama’s opposition. The US naturally retained deep interest and involvement in Panamanian politics, intervening directly – often at the request of the Panamanian government – to restore order, protect American citizens and property, or quash local riots at the government’s request. Disgruntled factions in domestic politics turned to the US to secure their rights.
In 1932, Harmodio Arias Madrid, a mestizo from a poor provincial family who led, alongside his brother Arnulfo Arias Madrid, through a middle-class mestizo nationalist, anti-oligarchy and anti-American movement, was elected President. He instituted relief efforts for the countryside and established the University of Panama, which would become the focal point for middle-class nationalist agitation. His election came at a time when the US were moving to a more conciliatory stance, with Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Good Neighbor Policy. In 1933, the US pledged sympathetic consideration of arbitration requests on non-vital economic issues, efforts to protect Panamanian businesses from smuggling cheap goods from the Zone and agreed that US rights in the Zone applied only for the maintenance and operation of the canal. However, the devaluation of the US dollar in 1934 reduced the gold content and meant that the annuities paid to Panama were effectively cut in half.
In 1936, Panama and the US signed the Hull-Alfaro Treaty ended the protectorate status, removing the US’ guarantee of Panamanian independence and its concomitant right to intervention, increasing the annuities and dealt with Panamanian business and commercial complaints (non-canal linked private commercial operations were banned in the Zone, free entry into the Zone for Panamanian goods). The US Senate reluctantly ratified the treaty in 1939.
In 1940, Arnulfo Arias, at the helm of a nationalist mass movement known as Panameñismo, was elected President. Panameñismo opposed American hegemony and wanted to rid Panama of non-Hispanics (Americans but also Anglophone blacks, Chinese, Hindus and Jews). He promulgated a new constitution which centralized powers behind the President and extended the presidential term to six years, but also barred Anglophone blacks from Panamanian citizenship. In October 1941, the National Police – Panama’s only law enforcement/military force at the time – removed him from office, much to the US’ delight. A new constitution adopted by a constituent assembly in 1946 erased Arnulfo Arias’ changes. Arias’ successor, Ricardo de la Guardia, proved a loyal American ally who leased 134 sites to the US for the duration of the war and declared war on the Axis on December 7, 1941. However, after the war, the US sought to hold the bases for an indefinite period, and compelled the Panamanian government to a draft treaty granting a 20-year extension of the leases. However, the National Assembly rejected the treaty in the face of an angry mob and in 1948 the US had evacuated the occupied bases.
Arnulfo ‘lost’ (but really won) the 1948 election, whose winner died in office. Colonel José Antonio Remón, the National Police chief, gained significant power and between 1948 and 1952 he installed and removed several presidents – he even gave the presidency to Arias in November 1949 (who was proclaimed in 1949 to have won the election), until Remón sided with the National Assembly when they removed Arias from office in May 1951. Remón, meanwhile, increased wages and benefits for his forces and transformed the police into a paramilitary force. In 1953, the police was transformed into the National Guard. In 1952, Remón, running for the National Patriotic Coalition (CPN), an hastily assembled coalition of different parties which would become Panama’s party of power until 1960, was elected President. He enriched himself, but also promoted a reformist program. Remón was assassinated in fairly murky conditions in 1955, and his First Vice President (who briefly succeeded him in office) was impeached and jailed (but never tried) for the crime. His impeachment may have been a cover-up to protect Panamanian political families and a US organized crime boss. Remón’s two CPN successors dismantled most of his reforms.
In 1955, Panama signed a treaty with the US which again limited commercial activities in the Zone, the annuity increase and discriminatory wage differentials in the Zone abolished to provide equal wages to all employees regardless of nationality. However, the nationalization of the Suez Canal in Egypt in 1956 led to tensions with the US, which declined to invite Panama to a conference of global maritime powers, proclaimed that Suez could not repeat itself in Panama because the US possessed ‘sovereignty rights’ and clarified that the ‘equal wage’ clause of the treaty didn’t preclude a 25% wage differential for US citizens in the Zone. Between 1958 and 1960, several student protests and riots worried the US that Panamanian mobs might actually force entry into the Zone. The US toughened military presence in the Zone, strengthened security measures and relations with Panama worsened. In 1960, with the CPN having largely disintegrated, a Liberal candidate won free elections. Although he sought to implement a moderate reformist agenda, the National Assembly paid no attention. Once again, Panama and the US negotiated an agreement over contentious labour, social security and wage issues in the Zone and Panama received loans and grants from John F. Kennedy’s Alliance for Progress.
Popular resentment against the US, its policies and citizens boiled over in January 1964, originally due to a dispute over the flying of the Panamanian flag in the Zone (which was raised in 1960, but the US’ staging of the ceremony angered the Panamanian President, and Panamanians were still angry that their flag was one flown at one spot in the Zone). After an agreement to raise the Panamanian flag alongside the US flag at several spots in the Zone, including American high schools, it was now US citizens who protested and American high school students hoisted the US flag alone. In January 1964, over 200 Panamanian students marched into the Zone and the tensions turned into a bloody riot killing 20 people after the Panamanian flag was torn in a clash with US students. Panama’s government took the extraordinary step of severing relations with the US and appealed to the OAS and UN. Tensions and diplomatic deadlock lasted until April 1964, when diplomatic ties were restored. Nevertheless, relations remained strained for almost a year.
In the mid-1960s, Panamanian politics was still tenuously controlled by the oligarchy, while the middle-class – spearheaded by the vocal students – failed to unite with the rural lower-classes, which were generally disconnected from national politics. Political parties were, like elsewhere on the continent, clientelist parties and/or personal machines for a leader (such as the Panameñista Party for Arnulfo Arias). In 1964, Marco Aurelio Robles, the candidate of the moderate ruling Liberal-led coalition, defeated Arias’ nationalist (slightly toned down by now) and anti-oligarchic coalition and an equally nationalist CPN-led coalition. Arias alleged that Robles had rigged the election. Robles’ government faced challenges aggravated by the 1964 riots, and remained dependent on US aid to develop infrastructure projects.
the 1964 riots led to negotiations to draw up a new treaty to replace the increasingly loathed Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty of 1903. Negotiations continued under Liberal President Marco Aurelio Robles, who won (officially) the 1964 election by a thin margin over Arias and his Panameñista Party. Negotiations resulted in a treaty in 1967, but Panama failed to ratify it. The draft treaties would have abolished the ‘in perpetuity’ clause in favour of an expiration date in 1999, and would have compensated Panama on the basis of tonnage shipped through the canal. However, Panamanian nationalist opinion objected to clauses allowing for continued US military presence in the Zone and the right for the US to deploy troops anywhere in Panama.
In the 1968 election, the ruling Liberal coalition endorsed David Samudio, a middle-class engineer and cabinet minister under Robles. Arnulfo Arias ran again, largely concerned over the validity of the election itself. Charging that Robles was illegally interfering in the election to help Samudio, Arias and another candidate recommended the President’s impeachment. In March 1968, the National Assembly voted for impeachment and declared him deposed. However, Robles, backed by the National Guard, ignored the National Assembly and awaited the Supreme Court’s decision, which later ruled the impeachment proceedings to be unconstitutional. The election went ahead in May 1968, and despite delays in announcing the results, it was finally announced that Arias had won with 54.7% against 41.8% for Samudio. On October 1, Arias took office, his election having been guaranteed by the National Guard’s approval. Upon taking office, he demanded the return of the Canal Zone and reorganized the National Guard. On October 11, the National Guard removed Arias from office. Once again, he did not complete his constitutional term.
A new junta, with civilian and military members, took power and assumed control over the entire territory. The junta arrested several political leaders on trumped-up charges or grounds of subversion, disbanded the National Assembly and political parties, censored the media and closed the University of Panama for several months. Omar Torrijos and Boris Martínez, commander and chief-of-staff of the National Guard respectively, became the real leaders of the country – and within months, Martínez, who promoted radical agrarian reform, was ousted by Torrijos. In 1969, he survived a failed coup attempt by three colonels backed by the two-member governing junta, and promptly exiled the rebellious colonels and installed a civilian puppet president.
After 1971, Torrijos’ authoritarian regime shifted towards the left, although siding with a non-Marxist populist form of leftism rather than Marxism. He became a very popular lead with Panama’s impoverished rural masses, who saw him as ‘one of their own’ rather than a member of the old, predominantly white oligarchy. He regularly met with the rural poor, listened to their problems, created new jobs, opened schools and launched a public works program. Torrijos therefore built an alliance with the rural campesinos, students, the National Guard and a portion of the working-class and the left; this alliance was held together by nationalism, which reduced antagonisms between antagonistic elements, and patronage. In 1972, Torrijos filled a large National Assembly of Municipal Representatives with supporters, and tasked it to confirm his position as head of government and to approve a new constitution, which expanded state powers. Legitimated by the new constitution, Torrijos undertook land reform which aimed to distributed 700,000 ha of land to 61,300 families within 3 years, which had some successes but which ultimately didn’t go as fast and as far as expected.
The government restructured education to focus on vocational and technical training, expanded access to healthcare to workers and their dependent relatives, built hospitals and clinics outside Panama City and undertook an ambitious public works project which built roads in rural areas and expanded urban housing in the cities. Although nationalist and populist, Torrijos did not overly disturb the dominant position of the elite and successfully lured foreign investment. International banking was encouraged to locate in Panama and offshore banking was facilitated. Torrijos’ grand schemes became less ambitious after 1973, when the country was hit by economic stagnation and Torrijos’ alliance eroded by economic problems.
Torrijos’ main achievement came with regards to the Panama Canal. The canal remained of vital importance to both countries: for Panama, the level of traffic and revenue generated by the canal were key in the national economy; for the US, the Zone was of strategic military importance in the Cold War, using it as a key military centre for the whole region. In 1973, the UNSC considered a resolution (vetoed by the US) calling on the US to negotiate a new treaty. In 1974, both governments agreed to basic principles to guide future negotiations, including the recognition of Panamanian sovereignty in the Zone and an expiration date for US control of the canal. However, negotiations under President Gerald Ford in 1975 ended in deadlock, with Panama resenting the US’ demands for continued military presence. The election of Jimmy Carter, who proved more willing to relinquish physical military presence and to provide bilateral aid to Panama for canal operations, broke the deadlock and negotiations resulted in the signature of the Torrijos-Carter Treaties in August-September 1977. The main treaty abrogated the 1903 treaty, the Canal Zone and Panama Canal Company would cease to exist, Panama would assume complete legal jurisdiction over the Zone, Panama granted the US the right to operate, maintain and manage the canal through a joint US-Panamanian agency and Panama would assume full control on December 31 1999. Under a neutrality treaty, the US and Panama would guarantee the canal’s neutrality. The US was allowed to retain military bases and training facilities in Panama until 2000. Despite the agreement, Torrijos spoke for many Panamanians when he expressed reservations about the transition period, the presence of US military bases in Panama during this period and the wording of the neutrality treaty (a later agreement explicitly clarified that the US’ right to act against any threat precluded US intervention in Panamanian affairs). The treaty was ratified by two-thirds of Panamanian voters in October 1977. In 1978, the US Senate ratified the treaties, but amendments and reservations passed by the Senate incensed Panamanian opinion again. The treaties finally came into force in October 1979.
Carter had conditioned the signature of treaties to domestic democratization in Panama, which forced Torrijos to amend the 1972 constitution to legalize political parties, allowed exiled leaders to return and promises for legislative elections in 1980. In 1978, Torrijos also relinquished his titles of head of government and ‘Maximum Leader of the Panamanian Revolution’, but retained actual control as head of the National Guard. Torrijos’ supporters founded the Democratic Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Democrático, PRD), a coalition which aimed to bring together Torrijos’ socially diverse coalition in a kind of patronage and corporatist party of power similar to Mexico’s PRI. In the 1980 election, actual electoral competition only concerned 19 of the National Assembly’s 57 seats (the rest were appointed by the National Assembly of Municipal Representatives, effectively all Torrijos supporters). The PRD won 40% of the vote and 11 of the 19 elected seats, with the Liberals winning 5 and the Christian Democrats winning 2.
The PRD was widely expected to nominate Torrijos as its presidential candidate in the direct presidential elections promised for 1984, but Torrijos was killed in a plane crash in July 1981. His death opened a political vacuum, filled by Colonel Florencio Flores and Torrijos’ handpicked civilian President, Aristides Royo. Royo soon alienated his backers in the National Guard and Torrijos’ clique with his leftist, anti-American nationalist rhetoric, contributing to the breakup of Torrijos’ carefully-assembled coalition of the National Guard and the PRD. In March 1982, Flores retired in favour of General Rubén Dario Paredes, Torrijos’ initial handpicked military successor, and in July 1982, Paredes removed Royo from office. Manuel Noriega, assistant chief of staff for intelligence since 1970, gained in power and standing within the military circles. In late 1982, Noriega became chief of staff of the National Guard. In November 1982, constitutional amendments reduced the president’s term from 6 to 5 years, banned electoral participation by members of the National Guard and provided for the direct election of all legislators. These changes, approved in a 1983 referendum, reduced the National Guard’s powers but it remained clear that they retained as much power as they wished. In August 1983, Paredes retired from the Guard to stand as the PRD’s presidential candidate in 1984. He was succeeded as military boss by Manuel Noriega. However, Noriega declined to support Paredes’ candidacy, which compelled him to effectively withdraw from the race as a serious contender (he was nominated by a small party, but only won 2.5%). Noriega consolidated the National Guard into a formal military, the Panamanian Defense Forces (FDP).
For the 1984 elections, the PRD joined forces with smaller parties on the right and left to nominate Nicolás Ardito Barletta, a little-known US-educated economist. Opposing him was Arnulfo Arias, backed by his Authentic Panameñista Party (PPA), the Christian Democrats (PDC) and the conservative MOLIRENA. The government and the media favoured Ardito Barletta, and election day was marred by serious reports of misconduct, fraud, purged voter lists and vote buying. The vote counting process was extremely slow and opaque, before being stopped altogether when results showed Arias to be leading. The courts rejected the opposition’s challenges and the electoral tribunal proclaimed Barletta’s victory with 47% to 46.7% for Arias. The FDP’s power was comforted; they had already silently deposed the civilian president who had been speaking out for free elections a bit too loud for their tastes.
At any rate, Barletta’s presidency was brief. He sought economic assistance from the IMF to refinance the country’s huge debt, implemented unpopular austerity measures to meet the IMF’s loan conditions and presided over mounting unrest which worried the FDP. His policies and style ran into conflict with traditional politicians dependent on patronage politics, and Noriega finally moved against him in September 1985 by forcing him to resign (unofficially because Barletta wanted to investigate the suspicious death of a critic of the FDP who claimed to have evidence linking Noriega to drug and arms trafficking).
The US opposed Barletta’s ouster and relations with Noriega deteriorated. Noriega had been a CIA asset since 1967, and convinced the US to turn a blind eye to his corruption, money laundering and drug dealing (notably with Pablo Escobar’s Medellín Cartel in Colombia). At home, Noriega faced rising opposition after the new president was forced to continue Barletta’s austerity measures. In the US, there was mounting congressional concern with Noriega’s regime and the first allegations of the Panamanian government’s involvement in narcotrafficking and the murder of the military critic in 1985 were published in the US press. In June 1987, the forced retirement of one of Noriega’s rivals in the FDP led to riots when that dismissed officer alleged that Noriega had been involved in the death of Torrijos and the military critic. Noriega responded by declaring a state of emergency, suspending constitutional rights and instituting censorship, while the opposition organized a general strike to paralyze Panama. While the Catholic Church called for calm and criticized the government, the military responded with heavy-handed actions and tough rhetoric against the protesters. Smaller protests continued for much of 1987, while relations with the US deteriorated further as the government claimed that the US supported the opposition. The US froze economic and military assistance to Panama in the summer of 1987, and in 1988, Noriega was indicted in the US for drug trafficking.
Presidential elections were held in May 1989, featuring a contest between Carlos Duque, a PRD candidate and Noriega ally; and Guillermo Endara, the candidate of a broad opposition alliance including the PPA (Arias had died in August 1988), the MOLIRENA and the PDC. Although the opposition’s parallel counts showed that Endara had won in a landslide, with 71% of the vote, it soon became clear that Noriega had every intention of fabricating the results to proclaim Duque as the winner. Eventually, Noriega annulled the election results and his thugs beat up Endara and his running-mate. The US began preparing for an invasion of Panama, and did so on December 20, after the Panamanian puppet legislature had declared war on the US. President George H.W. Bush, who had previously worked with Noriega when he was CIA Director and Noriega was a CIA asset, cited threats to US citizens in Panama (the FDP had killed a USMC First Lieutenant at a roadblock in Panama City a few days before), defending democracy and human rights, fighting drug trafficking and upholding the 1977 treaties (Bush claimed that Noriega threatened the canal’s neutrality). In a flash invasion, the US quickly neutralized and destroyed Panamanian military targets and resistance within days. Noriega sought refuge at the Vatican’s diplomatic mission, but American psychological pressure forced him to surrender to US forces on January 3, 1990. He was later tried and sentenced to 40 years in jail in the US, he was released early in 2007 for good behaviour.
The US’ military actions had a fairly heavy toll on civilian lives, with estimates ranging between 500 and 3,000 civilian deaths, while the US lost 23 military personnel and 205-314 Panamanian soldiers were killed. The invasion was condemned in a UN resolution and by many Latin American countries.
Guillermo Endara had been sworn in as President of Panama in the Canal Zone on December 20, 1989 by American forces and he became the country’s official president at the end of the invasion. Endara promoted democracy, human rights and civilian rule – a month after he left office in 1994, the National Assembly voted, on Endara’s recommendation, to abolish the country’s military forces. Since then, Panama’s law enforcement forces, the Public Forces, include the police, border security, a presidential protection force and a small naval and aerial security force. Endara’s anti-military coalition soon fell apart, largely due to tensions between Endara’s Arnulfista Party and Vice President Ricardo Arias Calderón’s PDC, the most intransigent party with regards to the military. Arias resigned the vice-presidency in December 1992, and the PDC never regained prominence as an autonomous force in Panamanian politics. Endara’s popularity collapsed over the course of his term, due to the unpopularity of neoliberal reforms he implemented and especially to perceived incompetence and corruption scandals (his wife was accused of reselling food donated by Italy, and when she won the lottery, she chose to keep the money).
In 1994, Ernesto Pérez Balladares (PRD), a former minor Noriega ally, was elected President in a close contest with 33.3% against 29.1% for Arnulfista candidate Mireya Moscoso and 17.1% for Panamanian salsa singer Rubén Blades. Under his presidency, the pace of liberal economic reforms – privatizations, deregulation, labour market changes, spending cuts and so forth – were accelerated despite opposition from construction workers and teachers. He controversially rehabilitated a number of former Noriega officials and supporters during his presidency, and he too was hit by corruption allegations (he was forced to admit that he had indeed received campaign contributions from an agent of the Cali Cartel in Colombia, he was investigated after he left office in a number of corruption cases, including allegations that he illegally sold US visas to Chinese immigrants). His unpopularity help explain why voters rejected a 1998 constitutional amendment supported by the President and the PRD to allow Pérez Balladares to seek reelection in 1999.
In 1999, Mireya Moscoso – Arnulfo Arias’ wife, the Arnulfista candidate, was elected President with 44.8% against 37.8% for Martín Torrijos (PRD), the illegitimate son of Omar Torrijos. Moscoso’s party was in the minority to the PRD in the National Assembly (which passed strict spending restraints), restricting her ability to make policy. Instead, she sought to avoid making important decisions, and faced protests when she did make one – firing the head of the social security administration, in an apparent attempt to privatize social security. When she left office in 2004, her government was widely perceived as corrupt, incompetent and ineffectual. Before leaving office, she pardoned Luis Posada Carriles, an anti-Castro Cuban terrorist who had bombed a Cubana flight in 1976 and committed other terrorist acts.
In 2004, Martín Torrijos won his bid for the presidency, winning 47.4% against 30.9% for former president Guillermo Endara, standing for the ‘Solidarity Party’ and 16.4% for the Arnulfista candidate. As President, Torrijos maintained the orthodox ‘Washington Consensus’ economic policies which all presidents since Endara had implemented – he raised pension contributions and the retirement and, in 2007, signed a FTA with the US (finalized in 2011), as he had promised in 2004. But his term was more successful than that of his predecessors, buoyed by solid economic growth until 2009 – peaking at 12% growth in 2007. A lot of that growth came with the launch of a major $5.2 billion canal expansion project, announced by Torrijos in 2006 and ratified by voters in a referendum. The Panama Canal has been working at full capacity and has faced congestion problems for a number of years; additionally, the size of ships which can transit through the canal is constrained by the size of the locks. The project, which formally began in 2007, will notably build a third set of locks to allow more ships – and larger ships – to transit through the canal. The immigration of affluent elite families from Ecuador and Venezuela, ‘fleeing’ the left-wing Correa and Chávez administrations back home, also led to an infusion of capital in Panama, which has established itself as Central America’s main financial centre and proved very resilient in the 2008-2009 economic crisis (growth fell to 4% in 2009 but Panama has escaped recession). Internationally, Torrijos’ administrations improved the country’s diplomatic standing after Moscoso’s whimsical foreign policies. His government, while fairly successful, was unable or unwilling to tackle corruption. In the 2009 campaign, the PRD’s candidate was hit by allegations of illegal campaign financing from a Colombian national who was wanted in the US for extortion, money-laundering and drug-trafficking, and who received protection from the presidential protection force.
However, the PRD was badly divided as it entered the 2009 election. The PRD’s nomination went to Balbina Herrera, Torrijos’ housing minister and a former President of the National Assembly; she defeated Juan Carlos Navarro, the PRD mayor of Panama City. The PRD’s divisions and Herrera’s reputation as a ‘henchwoman of Noriega’ and concerns that she was too far to the left, allowed Ricardo Martinelli, a wealthy supermarket magnate who ran as a centrist independent backed by his Democratic Change (Cambio Democrático, CD) party and the Panameñista Party, to win in a landslide – 60% against only 37.7% for the PRD’s embattled candidate. Guillermo Endara, who would die a few months later, won 2.3%. Martinelli had previously served as president of the Panama Canal Authority under Moscoso’s presidency (the CD, formed in 1998, had been part of her winning coalition in 1999) and ran for president in 2004, winning only 5% of the vote. He had hatched an alliance with the Panameñista Party’s Juan Carlos Varela, who became his Vice President (allegedly the deal was negotiated by the US). Martinelli’s platform mixed anti-political sentiment (the idea of a centrist outsider solving problems), a typically liberal promotion of free enterprise, a tough-on-crime attitude (security was one of the main failures of Torrijos’ government) and some populist promises for the poor. He was not hurt by Herrera’s concerns over Martinelli’s wealth (which she claimed represented $400 million, or 2% of the GDP!) and conflicts of interest.
Martinelli’s coalition, the Alianza por el Cambio, won 42 seats to the PRD coalition’s 27 seats. However, the CD elected only 14 deputies against 22 for the Panameñista Party and 26 for the PRD. That being said, thanks to the defection of venal deputies, the CD now has 36 seats to the PRD’s 17 and the Panameñista Party’s 12.
In office, Martinelli has mixed liberal economic policies with populist measures. He reduced tax rates, simplified tax brackets, cut the corporate tax and worked to improve tax collection; yet tax collection never met the expected and projected goals and the government has been forced to ask for exceptions to legal limits on deficit targets. The government moved aggressively to attract foreign investment, with the stated aim of transforming Panama, already Latin America’s fastest-growing economy and one of the five richest countries in mainland Latin America. Martinelli’s government built on Panama’s low import tariffs by announcing a five-year, $13.6 billion investment plan. In 2011, Martinelli oversaw the finalization of the Panama-US FTA, which was ratified by Congress in October 2011 after Panama had agreed to a tax information sharing system with the US, resolving American concerns about Panama’s banking secrecy laws and tax haven reputation. He also passed populist measures, which have made him popular with voters: a $100-per-month pension for the elderly poor, subsidies for students and an increase in the minimum wage. One of his main infrastructure projects was the Panama City metro, a subway system inaugurated in April 2014.
Economic growth is projected to reach 7% in 2014, down from 8% in 2013 and nearly 11% in 2011-12, still making Panama the fastest-growing economy in Latin America. Unemployment was only 4.5%, when it had stood at nearly 15% in 2001. Despite a strong and growing economy and government dreams of making Panama into a ‘Singapore of Latin America’, income inequality remains a major problem in Panama. The country’s Gini coefficient was 51.9 in 2010, making it the seventh most unequal country in Latin America, just behind Chile and ahead of Mexico. The flashy skyscrapers of booming Panama City (although the city has its own challenges too, with substandard infrastructure) contrast with extreme levels of poverty in Panama’s three indigenous comarcas (self-governing reserves), where over 80% of the population is poor. The poverty rate has declined significantly, from 36.5% in 2007 to 27.6% in 2011.
Martinelli gained a reputation as a ‘bully’ with little tolerance for the opposition or separation of powers. In 2009, a Wikileaks cable from the US embassy revealed that Martinelli had asked for help in the wiretapping of his opponents, and reported his penchant for bullying and blackmail. In office, he moved to make CD the dominant force of the coalition, first moving to encourage prosecutors to investigate former PRD officials while simultaneously inciting PRD MPs to defect in return for pork, committee assignments and patronage. In 2011, the Panameñista Party and Juan Carlos Varela, Martinelli’s estranged VP and foreign minister, left the coalition. Martinelli had been trying to adopt a two-round system for the presidential election and allegedly considered amending the constitution to allow him to run for reelection in 2014. Martinelli is guilty of autocratic penchants, but the cause of many of Panama’s problems are corrupt and inefficient administrations and public institutions; institutional weakness has been a constant in democratic Panama since 1990, and corruption remains widespread (and the corrupt politicians continue to act with impunity).
In September 2012, Varela accused officials in Martinelli’s administration of taking bribes from an Italian company. The scandal involves a close associate of Silvio Berlusconi, Italy’s former Prime Minister. Martinelli pugnaciously fought back against all charges, and tried to pack the Supreme Court with allies.
Martinelli’s style and policies also mobilized significant public opposition. The National Front for the Defense of Economic and Social Rights (FRENADESO), made up of teachers and unionized workers, protested the government’s policies and demanded economic fairness. The Panamanian Chamber of Commerce lost confidence in the President’s policies. In 2011, his mishandling of a proposal to change the legal framework regulating the mining in native lands mobilized significant indigenous groups against the government and blocked the Pan-American Highway for a few days. The government scrapped it plans. In October 2012, the government’s aborted plans to state-owned land on which Colón’s free-trade zone is built led to major protests in Colón. Once again, protests forced the government to backtrack. But the protests represented an upswell in popular dissatisfaction with the political system and Panama’s weak institutions.
Candidates and Issues
Panama’s three main parties – the PRD, CD and Panameñista Party – ran autonomously this year.
Unable to run himself, Martinelli and his CD is supporting José Domingo Arias, a former minister of housing between 2011 and 20134. He’s relatively unknown, but at the same time he’s probably seen to be a pliable candidate for Martinelli. Indeed, Arias is widely seen as a proxy candidate for Martinelli, who would exert power behind the scenes. To add to that perception, Arias’ running-mate is Marta Linares de Martinelli, President Martinelli’s wife who has no formal political experience herself. Although Article 193 of the Panamanian constitution fairly clearly bars relatives within ‘the second degree of martial relations’ of the incumbent President from being elected Vice President, the courts, which favour Martinelli, have not blocked her candidacy.
Arias’ platform, like that of Martinelli in 2009, was fairly eclectic. He proposed a Ciudad Mujer program almost identical to that implemented by El Salvador’s left-wing government, they are government service centre for women with specialized services in sexual and reproductive health, support for victims of violence against women and courses to promote economic autonomy. His platform also promised university scholarships, increasing the value of the $100 monthly pension to the elderly poor over 70 to $120 per month and indexing it to the minimum wage, technical training courses to single mothers and the youth, strengthening the fight against criminality, expanding Panama City’s new metro, lowering food prices, building new houses to help families buy their first homes and a very vague promise to create new social programs. His platform stated that he would continue the infrastructure projects started by Martinelli and maintain the subsidies for transportation, gas and electricity.
Arias appeared on the ballot as the candidate of the CD and the small right-wing Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement (MOLIRENA).
The PRD nominated Juan Carlos Navarro, the former mayor of Panama City between 1999 and 2009 who narrowly lost the PRD’s 2009 presidential nomination to Balbina Herrera (but was her running-mate in the election). Navarro is a vocal opponent of Martinelli, and Martinelli really hates him with a passion.
Navarro’s platform talked of the unacceptability of poverty and inequality in Panama, but his platform was not all that left-wing. Indeed, it is mostly a grocery list of various projects and policies, but hardly anything indicates a major change with the economic policies of the current and past governments. Some of Navarro’s promises included plans against extreme poverty and malnutrition, a new agricultural policy to help farmers and consumers, vague pablum about security, a preventive health program, policies to help poor people buy medicine and access clean water, new infrastructure projects, 100,000 new or improved houses, creating jobs for the youth (Latin America’s famous ‘nini’ – people between 16 and 29 who do not study or have a job) with the private sector and tax incentives and increased pensions. Navarro was critical of Martinelli’s record on the country’s public debt, which has increased significantly under his administration, and the perception of corruption in public work contracts.
Vice President Juan Carlos Varela, a sworn opponent of the government, ran for the Panameñista Party. His platform struck a fairly anti-establishment and anti-political tone (Varela says he’s no professional politician but an entrepreneur who knows how to create jobs and obtain results), with the usual clichéd promise of ‘working above parties’ to ‘solve problems’. Overall, though, his platform is hardly different on the whole from the broad economic framework in place since 1990. It is rather ambitious (but probably too ambitious), with promises of reducing poverty (with plans for 100% access to clean water and 0% of latrines/unimproved toilets), improving access to healthcare, emergency price controls to reduce food prices, job creation, bilingual ‘first world’ education, building 150,000 new houses and a plan for safer towns with more job opportunities. He also talked of a constituent assembly, but made no promise of actually adopting a new constitution.
Varela appeared on the ballot as the candidate of the Panameñista Party and the Popular Party (PP), the old PDC which is now a very minor party.
The ideological differences between the top three candidates were very thin, and all three pledged to maintain Martinelli’s popular social programs, public works projects and the neoliberal economic framework. Martinelli/Arias’ two opponents instead presented themselves as more transparent and democratic candidates than the outgoing President.
Genaro López, the former lead of the construction workers union – one of Panama’s largest and most vocally left-wing unions, ran for the new Broad Front for Democracy (Frente Amplio por la Democracia, FAD). The left-wing FAD proposed ‘economic democracy’ – opposition to neoliberalism, ‘political democracy’ and patriotism.
President (96.8% reporting)
Juan Carlos Varela (Panameñista-PP) 39.11%
José Domingo Arias (CD-MOLIRENA) 31.45%
Juan Carlos Navarro (PRD) 28.07%
Juan Jované (Ind) 0.59%
Genaro López (FAD) 0.58%
Esteban Rodríguez (Ind) 0.11%
Gerardo Barroso (Ind) 0.09%
National Assembly (90.9% reporting, unofficial projection for all seats)
CD 42.49% winning 28 seats (proj. 28)
MOLIRENA 1.28% winning 1 seat (proj. 1)
Unidos por Más Cambios 43.77% winning 29 seats (proj. 29)
PRD 33.84% winning 22 seats (proj. 26)
Panameñista 17.87% winning 11 seats (proj. 14)
PP 2% winning 1 seat (proj. 1)
El Pueblo Primero 19.86% winning 12 seats (proj. 14)
Independents 2.3% winning 1 seat (proj. 1)
FAD 0.23% winning 0 seats
Vice President Juan Carlos Varela was elected to the presidency, a somewhat surprising twist of events in one of Panama’s most closely fought elections since 1990 with a genuine, open-ended 3-way contest for the top job. Most polls had showed either Arias or Navarro placing first, with a narrow edge to the former on advantage, although in most cases all three candidates were within the margin of error. On preliminary results, Varela won about 39% of the vote against 31.5% for Arias, his closest opponent. The PRD’s Juan Carlos Navarro, a major contender, placed a solid but ultimately quite disappointing distant third with 28% of the vote. None of the other four candidates registered on the map. It is a major defeat for the pollsters, none of which had predicted that Varela would win (and only one poll showed him in second place). Pollsters, although their methodologies are often concealed and are unregulated by the electoral tribunal, had been fairly successful in past elections. One pollster has suggested that there was a significant swing in public opinion in the final days of the campaign, during a poll black-out period.
Varela’s victory and Arias’ defeat is a major blow for Martinelli, who had been counting on his protege and his wife’s victory to continue influencing politics from behind the scenes. However, since the US invasion, no incumbent party has managed to win reelection – in every presidential election, the president’s party was defeated. Martinelli, however, was significantly more popular than most of his predecessors, except Torrijos (who was fairly popular when he left office in 2009), with approval ratings in the 60% range. However, there were serious concerns in Panama about corruption and authoritarianism in the outgoing government (two issues which Varela, who as a VP estranged from his original running-mate at the top of the ticket in 2009, seized on in this campaign) and public discontent about inequality and the high cost of living. Varela, much like Navarro, promised to keep Martinelli’s popular policies and projects (pensions for the poor, the new metro in Panama City, public works) while campaigning strongly against corruption and the President’s ‘bully’ and autocratic personality. Panamanian analysts have suggested that voters were left unconvinced by Navarro’s fairly tame and conciliatory campaign, in contrast to Varela’s tough, aggressive anti-incumbent campaign. Former PRD president Perez Balladares claimed that Varela benefited from a ‘protest vote’/’punishment vote’ against the government.
That thesis is certainly confirmed, at least in part, by the results of the legislative vote. On preliminary results, the CD-led coalition won 43.9% of the legislative vote against 33.8% for the PRD and only 19.8% for Varela’s Panameñista coalition. The new President will find himself lacking a majority in the National Assembly, with his coalition holding only 14 seats (projected) against 29 seats for the CD-led coalition and 26 for the PRD. Varela has so far said that he would work with the opposition parties and ‘respect’ the distribution of seats, rather than try to convince opposition deputies to convince to his party like Martinelli had successfully done since 2009 (when his party, the CD, only held the third-most seats when the legislature convened).
There was also a very close race for mayor of Panama City. The Panameñista candidate, José Blandón, narrowly won with 35.7% – with 92% reporting. The PRD’s candidate, Jose Fabrega, won 34.4% while incumbent CD mayor Roxana Méndez won third with 29.2%. It appears that the PRD has performed fairly well, compared to its poor presidential showing, in the local elections.
Varela assumes the presidency with no majority in the National Assembly, and a rather ambitious grocery list of promises to fulfill. Although his election does not signal a major shift in the country’s direction or the broader policy framework, of the three candidates, Varela perhaps had the more ‘ambitious’ platform and thus faces the challenges of living up to them. Although Panama’s economy remains in fairly good shapes, there are signs that trouble may lay ahead. On the one hand, heavy borrowing has significantly increased the country’s debt under Martinelli’s presidency. The economic growth of the past years has been unequal, sparking discontent in rural areas but also in the better-endowed cities of Panama City and Colón. | <urn:uuid:e6f7b35a-f191-4605-9096-4f9b650310af> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://welections.wordpress.com/2014/05/06/panama-2014/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.96373 | 11,352 | 3.21875 | 3 |
Fabrication & Installation
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Solid Surface should be made square (butt) rather than mitered. The edges to be joined should be straight, smooth and clean. Some seams need to be reinforced (see fabrication manual for details). Joints should only be made with
Joint Adhesive. Cutouts should be made with a router equipped with a sharp carbide bit, with a minimum diameter of 3/8” (10 mm). All corners of a cutout must be rounded to 5mm radius and the edges smoothed, both on top and bottom, all around a cutout. “L” and “U” Shaped corners need smooth, 3/16” (5mm) radius inside corners. For hob cutouts, corners should be reinforced with a
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using large beads of flexible adhesive leaving a space with a minimum thickness of 1/16” (1.5mm)
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Solid Surface in inches) x (biggest temperature range expected in oF) In mm the minimum expansion clearance is 3.9 x 10-5 mm/mm oC x( length of the piece of
Solid Surface in mm ) x (biggest temperature range expected in oC). Joints to be caulked should be a minimum of 1/16” (1.5mm) wide to allow satisfactory sealant penetration and expansion.
Products dimensions are nominal. If tolerances are critical, review your needs with a | <urn:uuid:ca8d8712-6388-4d91-88fc-4cd4e088ac3c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://intecstone.com/AcrylicSolidSurface/pro3_20_about_Customer3.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.868826 | 575 | 1.84375 | 2 |
What Does Art Owe Us?
I wanted to read and like Console Wars, Blake J Harris’s account of the Nintendo vs Sega battle that ‘defined a generation’ according to the subtitle, for lots of the same reasons I wanted to play video games to begin with: cool kids. We didn’t have a console at my house when I grew up because of the no-guns footdown of my mom, but a thirty second walk to the Capecchis across the street got me hours of Contra. I was given a GameBoy when it came out and played Tetris and Paperboy almost exclusively (because I didn’t have money to buy other games), and if I wanted to play Sega, I had to go to Kevin’s house (which, incidentally, also had a sauna [his father was first generation Finnish]).
Maybe all that info’s unimportant. It’s hard even to know. Like lots of folks who came of age in the late-80s through early 00s, I cared a lot about video game systems, and they meant A Whole Lot—in my case, they meant the stuff on the other side of the window I stood staring wishingly through. Gaming systems had gravitational pull: I’m not sure what device confers similar popularity privileges at present, allowing the dweebiest to rise king-like through nothing more than having the cool system or game no one else at that moment possesses, and I still wonder what % of certain friendships had to do with access to games.
And while the games were drool-inducingly challenging and satisfying, there was an off and slightly occult aspect to them, from Mario being able to make a few extra, odd jumps and suddenly find himself beyond a land named after him, or the way, with furious coded thumbmashing, one could get 30 extra lives in Contra (though once you’d won the game using all 30 lives enough you’d learn to win without losing even a single life, and then the point was to max out the game, finish it with a full 30 lives, messy function giving way to something like aesthetic, trance-like purity), to the way some friends seemed to have an uncanny ability to blow games perfectly clean in ways the rest of us couldn’t (which skill—blowing the games clean—was crucial at least for early Nintendo stuff). There was, in that era of gaming, I’d argue, a real weird- and wildness, maybe akin to like Netscape or Mosaic in the early 90s: the world of gaming was being both invented but also explored, discovered. Who could’ve guessed a video game based off a blockbuster movie would fail (E.T., which game’s come to light of late because there was a semi truck worth of the cartridges dumped in the southwest, which semi was just dug up), while another, based on a plumber rescuing a princess and eating mushrooms, would be a Cultural Definer? There was, overall, little to do with immersive beauty re gaming as it is today: the 80s games that I and most of my friends fell for were tightly controlled and masterable and pixelated, and we played for the beauty available through decoding them. All of which is to say: a book about video games has tremendous merit (while Tom Bissell’s Why Video Games Matter is fantastic, the thing’s largely about current gaming, which is to the 1980s gaming world as LeBron is the George Mikan: they’re playing a game that’s nominally the same but are otherwise not comparable).
And so it was hugely sad to read Console Wars, though the sadness has as much to do with the video game industry as it does with the book Blake J. Harris has made. For the record: the read is eh—Harris is responsible for some of the book’s sadness (I’m 100% aligned with Chris Suellentrop’s NYTimes review, in which he writes, “When Mr. Harris isn’t unfurling clichés [speed is blazing, a woman is doe-eyed, go-getters are scrappy], he is falling prey to the language of public relations. A dud of a robot that came with the original Nintendo Entertainment System is described as ‘groundbreaking.’ A new Nintendo advertising slogan is ‘paradigm-shifting.’ Sonic is compared to Michael Jordan, Bill Clinton and Kurt Cobain.”). There are further problems with the book, but they’re monumentally secondary to the larger problem at the book’s center.
Which problem is: Console Wars draws back a curtain and exposes with absolute clarity that the folks who were dishing games at all of us so mercilessly, from 1986 or so through at least the 1990s end, couldn’t have given less of a shit about anything having to do with the artistry of the games. Maybe this isn’t important to you. Maybe it shouldn’t be important to me. But it’s hard not to react with either anger or anger’s cousin to find out that the folks behind Sega (and Nintendo, to a degree, though Harris to this reader registers hugely as a Sega fanboy, presumably because of access offered to him by Tom Kalinske, the then-head of Sega USA, who in this book comes off as as faultlessly perfect as any man in any book you’re likely to read) really, truly, could’ve been selling anything at all—Pepsi, fart-inducing tacos, generalized widgets—so long as we’d kept churning out parent-given dollars.
Sure, sure: the behind-the-scenes stuff about the hardware being developed—how the gaming systems were put together, how the pieces fell into place—are interesting (particularly: the talks that transpired between Sega and Sony, which talks would have—had they been fruitful—led to Sony making optic drives for Sega, which agreement would’ve presumably killed the need/idea for PlayStation). And Sega’s a fun company to read about as a scrappy upstart taking on the entrenched behemoth that was Nintendo, plus it’s compelling as hell to read about (and remember) when there was such a thing as scarcity: remember when there was stuff you just couldn’t get? Like: things just ran out, like games or consoles (I suppose iPhones have run out, early on)? Remember wanting? It feels dustily analog, reading about stores being ransacked and selling out of stuff in minutes.
But for all the behind-the-business-scenes fun, there’s this creepy portrait of a whole bunch of folks who were just desperately throwing shit at walls in hopes that something’d stick so that we (or you, whoever) would buy. Sonic the Hedgehog, for instance: dude was simply engineered, a figure manipulated into accessing wallets. A football game for Sega was literally one that’d been made for computers and relabeled. Examples abound. I’m not claiming this is rare or irregular: movies and books are just as terrible at jacking and tweaking the next guy’s moneymaker. So what’s the beef?
Ultimately, it’s one of focus: Harris’s big goal clearly wasn’t to illuminate the strange compelling glory of early video games, and to trace how that blinkered, holy-cow-what-next epoch gave rise to the massive multiplayer shooterverse we’re all Haloed in now, but the story of the battle between Nintendo and Sega isn’t much different than the story of any two companies battling for market supremacy in any field (Target vs Walmart, Pepsi vs Coke, etc.). The book’s fuel has to do with how business folks disrupted things through new strategies (how Sega eventually gets Walmart to carry Genesis is amazing, but also a gut-punch in that there’s no way to read it without realizing with total brutal clarity that no one cares about you when you purchase things, not the product makers nor the people you buy the product from: they care about your money) and new ad campaigns (which is one of the hardest parts to read: the ’90s commercialized ‘alternative,’ and reading Harris on the marketing schemes dreamed up to hitch their wagon to the be-yourself-not-the-other-guy star is remarkably similar to watching the lamest parts of Wayne’s World with Noah from Noah’s Arcade [meaning this reader spent lots of time thinking this guy blows goats]), but the truth is, it’s all just business. The video games themselves feel, through and through, incidental: the marketing and company jockeying lead the way, and all art (or, really, even ‘customer satisfaction’) was several steps down from secondary. Kalinske and Co could’ve been selling anything (and, to be fair, he had: prior to leading Sega, he’d reworked Barbie [meaning maybe this is where simply to note that maybe the 80s were merely a jagging moment of sure-okay-try-it, business-leader-wise (Sculley leading Apple after leading Pepsi, for instance)]).
Which leads to the question: what does our art owe us? Obvious answer: nothing. Maybe it’s unfair to ask anything of art other than that it be itself. Maybe I should just be glad and grateful for those fun, unsettling feelings that accompanied the video games of my youth and not ask for more than the feelings themselves. Still, it’s hard not to feel strikingly similar to seeing the shittiest possible Oz sitting behind a ta-da drawn curtain: that’s it? The only matter, that whole time was to get our money, and whatever art showed was just stumbled upon? What a bummer. | <urn:uuid:6e05ee3b-50d1-4cd4-acc6-999af9f71d5e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thefanzine.com/what-does-art-owe-us/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.964512 | 2,097 | 1.734375 | 2 |
The other month I attended a lecture given by Professor Alf Adams, who has rather reluctantly taken on the moniker of the ‘Grandfather of the modern laser’.
He invented the quantum well strained laser, which showed greater efficiency and power than any previous iteration of the technology.
It came to truly change the world, finding applications in CD players, supermarket checkouts, telecommunications and superfast broadband to name but a few.
Adams took a fledgling technology and saw a way to modify it – growing the active crystal medium under strain – that enabled lasers to go from an academic curiosity to a device with enormous commercial potential.
Indeed the market is now worth over a billion pounds annually, though not much of that has found its way to Adams or the UK economy.
When he went to British firms none was willing to take on the risk.
And so it fell to Dutch electronics firm Philips in Eindhoven to take the idea forward. Suddenly CD players were viable for a mass market, being much smaller and cheaper, and the larger data capacity meant fast-processing of images, leading eventually to the development of DVDs and Blu-Ray.
Now it would be churlish to blame this all on sheepish British industry. The Dutch did get lucky. This was high-end experimental physics – still difficult to get your head around now – and more to the point, Adams’ modification seemed to run counter to everything people previously thought about lasers.
But it does raise the perennial question of how to turn our knack for great ideas and fundamental research in the UK into cash.
This is an enormously tough question of course. The path from the eureka moment Adams had whilst apparently walking on the beach in Brighton to a technology that finds itself in an average estimated 5 different devices in every UK household is a fraught one.
Indeed, graphene faces a very similar situation that lasers overcame some 30 years ago. It has demonstrated its potential but will need a practical breakthrough.
This requires attention at every stage from both the public and private sector, sometimes just a light, gentle nurturing touch and other times more of a push.
And to be clear this is quite distinct from the job performed by the new Catapult technology and innovation centres which co-locates quite mature technology so academic and industry both have access to it.
We are talking about certain aspects of high end-physics and curiosity-driven research being driven forward to the market.
Perhaps the place most associated with this sort of work is the CERN facility at Geneva which has significant UK funding.
The Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) and CERN this week announced the start of a major new joint initiative that will enable small high-tech businesses to bridge the gap between basic science and industry, as they translate innovative technologies developed at CERN into viable and profitable companies in the UK.
The CERN-STFC Business Incubation Centre (CERN BIC), which will be located at STFC’s Daresbury Laboratory in Cheshire, will nurture small businesses with innovative ideas and develop these ideas into marketable services and products.
Under the new scheme, five companies per year, over a period of two years, will benefit from a support package that includes up to £40k funding, 40 hours of free access to technical expertise and facilities across STFC, as well direct access to CERN’s technologies, expertise and intellectual property.
It follows a similar initiative which has been running for almost a year with the European Space Agency (the ESA BIC Harwell) which has now hit its target of signing up ten tenants within a year of launch. With the announcement of three new tenants, the ESA BIC, is now home to ten hi-tech, pioneering start- up companies, each of which will translate cutting edge space technologies into viable and profitable businesses in non-space industries.
For example Bennamann Ltd is using space technology developed by STFC to create a safe storage system for methane. This will make it easier to store methane generated by the anaerobic digestion of grass cuttings during summer months to provide heating and electricity for agriculture and homes during the winter.
Speaking to The Engineer, Paul Vernon, Head of New Business Opportunities explained the rationale behind the initiatives.
‘Things have been changing over the last few years, people are starting to embrace an open innovation model – but I still thing a lot of people struggle to understand it. Some big companies have embraced it and some haven’t. Some people think that open innovation is giving everything away and that’s just not the case.
‘We’re trying to foster open innovation at the campuses – we make IP available but it’s on commercial terms. We have deliberately gone out and interacted with the ESA which has broadened the IP that we’re able to access – so we now have access to IP from across the European space programme and now we’re doing something similar to CERN.’
Indeed STFC already has an active innovation programme, which starts with it identifying IP within STFC then looking for licensees or spinning out into companies and allowing high tech companies to be located at the campuses to benefit from closer links and ties.
‘One of things that we identified years ago, was that STFC sits on one of the best inventories of high tech kit of any organisation, but industry was struggling to gain access to it there was no coordinated easy access point for industry to come in and use it.’
I certainly get the impression that strong bridges are being built between research and industry whether though incubation centres like the STFC ones or the subtly different role of the Catapult centres or the Technology Strategy Board (TSB) stepping in to give support where needed.
But it does feel slightly piecemeal. I’m not sure it gives complete confidence that another Alf Adams type breakthrough will not be lost to the UK economy.
As well as these little bridges we need more overarching structures and I do strongly feel that means politicians and business leaders having a greater understanding of science and engineering – or indeed more engineers and scientists breaking into politics or taking seats in boardrooms. | <urn:uuid:bdb49ba2-79dc-4f2c-a857-0f767ce7b346> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theengineer.co.uk/content/opinion/bridging-the-gap-3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.958203 | 1,267 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Piracy-related news seems to surface all too often these days, with the phenomenon gone rampant and giving massive headaches to game and console makers across the industry. While Nintendo's profits are soaring thanks to record numbers of games and consoles sold every month, the company still estimates it lost close to $1 billion worldwide in 2007 due to piracy.
It's no surprise, then, that following the recent release of a Wii firmware update that prevents owners from playing imported discs, Nintendo is now switching its focus to the DS and has decided to file a lawsuit against five Japanese firms for selling a device that enables illegal game programs to be played on their handhelds.
The device in question, the R4 Revolution, is essentially a firmware override and MicroSD adapter for the Nintendo DS that is used for running both homebrew and pirated games. The lawsuit is led by Nintendo, but supported by over fifty other publishers and developers, and is aimed at stopping the manufacture and sale of this device in Japan - no word on whether Nintendo's other local subsidiaries will take similar legal action. | <urn:uuid:97d5fddc-465c-464e-bcb6-8ee22dad37e1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.techspot.com/news/31019-Nintendo-goes-after-DS-piracy-in-Japan.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.962357 | 214 | 1.515625 | 2 |
WhatsApp is a mobile chatting application that is loved by many users all over the globe. It allows users to chat all day long without spending a dime. The only charge incurred is that of bandwidth. WhatsApp works in the same way as instant messaging only that friends are automatically added from your phonebook.
Getting Started On WhatsApp
Downloading the WhatsApp application is quite easy. You can download it from respective smartphone app stores. WhatsApp is listed as the number 1 top paid application at the moment. When you first download the app, you get it free for a year and later on, you are charged an annual rate of 99 cents. Using this application is definitely worth more than it costs.
WhatsApp also allows your friends who are already using the application to invite you to use the app. Once you accept the invitation, the application automatically starts downloading in your smart device. You will be connected in a matter of minutes.
Setting up WhatsApp
When setting up this application in your mobile device, you are required to give out your mobile number which acts as your login identity and password. The setup process also automatically adds all your friends (from your contacts) to your friends’ list. This is great since it takes the stress off having to add your friends manually one at a time. Also, if your friend buys a smartphone and installs WhatsApp, they are automatically added to your WhatsApp friends list and you can begin to chat immediately. This is one of the many reasons this app is loved by millions of people.
Features That Come With the App
Favorites List Page
As mentioned earlier, all your friends are automatically added to your WhatsApp account. What’s more, they are listed in your favorite’s page. This is a feature that is available for all WhatsApp users.
WhatsApp also gives you a page where you can update your status as often as you want. Also, it is possible to link your WhatsApp status to your Facebook account. This way, the status you post on WhatsApp also appears as your Facebook status.
Besides the standard chatting feature that resembles the basic instant messaging and SMS, it is possible to send media via WhatsApp. You can send pictures, audio, video or notes to your WhatsApp friends. It is also possible to share your SatNav location and contacts with your friends.
WhatsApp also allows you to see whether your chat has been seen by your recipient. One green check mark indicates that the chat has not been seen while two green check marks indicate that your recipient has seen the chat.
WhatsApp also allows you to chat in groups. It is possible to create a WhatsApp group and only add a selected number of people to the group. This is a great feature if you have a group of friends with whom you share common interests like chatting together and sharing of ideas. A group can have as few as two people and as many as twenty.
The app comes with basic settings that allow you to change your wallpaper, profile image and message tone. It also comes with a firewall setting in case you login to WhatsApp from a network firewall or you encounter issues connecting to the app.
This application is compatible with Android, Blackberry, Nokia and iPhone OS. | <urn:uuid:2d97d45d-1eab-49da-b080-5a7aaacbcf4f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thefusejoplin.com/2014/07/how-to-setup-a-whatsapp-and-whatsapp-plus-account/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.943483 | 666 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Twitter is reportedly banning certain ads related to cryptocurrency. This news comes in the wake of major online regulatory efforts for the cryptocurrency world.
According to Sky news, the new advertising policy is set to roll out in two weeks worldwide. It will prohibit ads that pertain to initial coin offerings (ICOs), token sales and cryptocurrency wallets.
In January, social media giant Facebook announced that they will be banning ads that promote services that are “frequently associated with misleading or deceptive promotional activities”.
Earlier this month, Google has also announced that they will be prohibiting ads for cryptocurrencies which encompasses ICOs, wallets and services related to it.
This news also comes after Twitter has experienced an influx of fake accounts relating to cryptocurrency and scamming users. These scammers get away by impersonating famous people. Personalities such as Vitalik Buterin, John McAfee and most recently, Elon Musk.
The fake Elon Musk promised to give away ETH to his followers. The imposter promised to send more ETH in exchange for a small amount. 20 ETH sent to that fake account amounting to about $16,000 before the account was suspended.
If this news will indeed come to light, it will not be the first time that Twitter will be taking steps to reduce the amount of cryptocurrency scams on their platform.
They have already started cracking down on these fake accounts. They confirmed that they are “aware of this form of manipulation and are proactively implementing a number of signals”. This is to prevent accounts from engaging with others in a deceptive manner.
No further details are available yet with regards to Twitter’s supposedly advertising policy but we will be sure keep you up-to-date with the changes.
No More Cryptocurrency Ads for Google
Google announced that it will ban advertisements that promote cryptocurrencies and initial coin offerings (ICO’s) from June. This is part of Google’s update to its policy, which will also ban other risky financial products. Advertisements for aggregators and affiliates will no longer be able to display “cryptocurrencies and other related content, as stated in Google’s policy.
A lot of changes will happen once the new policy will take place. Bloomberg has previously noted that Facebook cryptocurrency ads found a way past the ban by just changing the “o” in “bitcoin” to zero. This simply shows that you can get past the ban just by deliberately misspelling some words.
A Google spokesperson told Bloomberg that they will anticipate workarounds like this. They noted that the company was able to take down 3.2 billion ads in violation of its policies. Scott Spencer, director of sustainable ads at Google, wrote “Improving the ads experience across the web, whether that’ removing harmful ads or intrusive ads, will continue to be a top priority for us.”
Governments are also clamping down on the digital tokens as Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are notoriously volatile. India does not consider Bitcoin to be legal tender. Korea is planning a bill to ban all domestic cryptocurrency trading. And China is increasingly cracking down on digital currencies.
Cryptocurrency is a digital currency in which encryption techniques are used to regulate the generation of units of currency and verify the transfer of funds, operating independent of a central bank.
Decentralized cryptocurrencies like bitcoin now provide an outlet for personal wealth that is beyond restriction and confiscation.
Google is doing its best to give their uses the best. Providing better services to their users is not the only goal of the company. They also see to it that their users do not only enjoy and have fun and be entertained with what Google can provide but also make sure that they are protected. Because of the company’s policies that they keep upgrading, their users can be assured of their security and protection. The company is doing all it can to satisfy its users. | <urn:uuid:f804acb2-d55b-4eb8-8a82-a75405f171ef> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://technewsgadget.net/tag/google-ads/?amp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.960424 | 795 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Celebrating multifarious cultures and festivals symbolizes the unity and integrity in a community, which is something DPS, GBN takes pride in. To commemorate the occasion of Eid –ul-Fitr, the students of class V organized a Special Assembly on July 21, 2015 enlightening the students about the importance and spirit of the festival. The event was attended by Mr. S M Khan, Director General, Registrar Newspapers for India (RNI) as the Chief Guest and Mr. Kabeer Siddiqui was present as the Guest of Honour. Mrs. Rewa Nayyar, Member, School Managing Committee, joined the Principal Mrs. Indira Kohli in celebrating the uniqueness of multicultural India. Parent Reps were also present.
The function began with a soothing song followed by Qawwali, Skit and Dance which reaffirmed our faith in the Almighty. The Chief Guest, Mr. S M Khan explained that people are required to donate a part of their earnings too while fasting, hence the holy month of fasting which precedes Eid ul Fitr is called the ‘Ramadan’. School Principal, Mrs. Indira Kohli addressed the Assembly accentuating the fact that most religions perpetuate similar tenets and wished “Eid Mubarak” to all. The event was attended by parents of the participants. | <urn:uuid:d4a23779-3b3a-44bc-b944-2cfb17aa17f4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dpsgbn.com/events-detail.php?id=10 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.965037 | 269 | 1.773438 | 2 |
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