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Whether you’re potty training your beagle puppy or crate training a beagle dog, beagles can often be quite difficult to train as well as stubborn. However, they’re also extremely stubborn. Even though they can be difficult to deal with sometimes, they make wonderful family pets as well.
This article is meant to help you when it comes to training your beagle. Please keep in mind, if you have any type of dog training tips or advice, this is not a substitute for the expert care of a qualified veterinarian. When attempting dog training advice, it is highly recommended that you seek the advice of your own veterinarian. If your Beagle is a registered pet, you should have a licensed and experienced breeder with whom you can discuss Beagle training.
There are certain characteristics that all dogs have that make them easy to train. First of all, a Beagle is a very active dog that is eager to please. They are very energetic dogs who love to run, play, and exercise. Because of their hyperactivity, hyperactive nature, and desire to please, they are fairly difficult to train.
The first step in achieving Beagle training success is making sure your Beagle is ready to go inside. It’s important to remember, dogs are like children; they’re ready to learn, but they can’t always do so without our encouragement. For instance, if your Beagle isn’t comfortable inside the crate, it won’t learn to go inside on its own. It will take encouragement and time from us to get your dog to feel comfortable in the crate. In fact, once your Beagle does start to get used to being in the crate, you may need more than one crate for him to learn he can go inside alone or with you.
During Beagle crate training, your goal is to get your Beagle to start thinking it’s just as safe to be in a crate as it is in your home. One way you can accomplish this is by providing your dog with various treats when you leave the house. Remember, the goal here isn’t to supply your dog with treats once every few hours but rather a consistent routine of treats and praise. Beagle puppies will respond to a constant supply of positive attention. You should also take a look at crate training books, which often include various crate techniques that you can easily incorporate into your daily routine.
The third step to successfully house-breaking your Beagle is to provide your dog with regular and continued mental stimulation. This doesn’t mean you have to provide your Beagle with play-time every hour, but it does mean that you should take some time out from your day to play with your Beagle and play-time with your Beagle can help calm down his hyperactive behavior. Crate training is most effective when done with dogs who are high strung, because they tend to be more hyper.
The last step in successfully Beagle puppy training crate training is to make sure you are making your dog feel comfortable. For example, if he’s inside the crate for an extended period of time, you need to make sure he’s getting enough exercise. If you are only leaving the crate door open for a short amount of time, you need to make sure that the dog knows that he will get out of the crate and will enjoy his time outside. You want to make life as comfortable for your dog as possible.
One of the best tips I can offer in Beagle crate training is to always be positive. Positive reinforcement will help your dog stay calm and not lose his cool. If you have a dog who seems to be out of control, just ignore him. Don’t yell or scream at him. If you respond negatively to negative Beagle behavior, it won’t take long before he gets stressed and panics and will need to be placed back in his crate to calm down. | <urn:uuid:5348e6bc-6463-4b49-af73-3fab4a741e29> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dogtrainingtips-tricks.com/5-second-tips-to-beagle-crate-training/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.974572 | 808 | 1.804688 | 2 |
"The great Aryan Nation is said, at the present moment, to be a dying race not because its numbers are dwindling but because it is completely disorganized. Individually, man to man, second to none on earth in intellect and physique, possessing a code of morality unapproachable by any other race of humanity, the Hindu Nation is still helpless on account of its manifold divisions and selfishness.” ~ Swami Shraddhanand, in his 1924 book Hindu Sangathan: Saviour of the Dying Race (Page 101-102)
Swami Shraddhanand (also known as Mahatma Munshi Ram Vij) was an Arya Samaj sannayasi. He fought for India’s independence and resurgence of Hindu culture and religion. He was a vehement campaigner against forced conversions.
In his article, “Hindu-Muslim-Tensions: Causes and Resistance” (published in 1922), Mahatma Gandhi criticized Shraddhanand for his mission to reconvert to Hinduism all those who were forcibly converted to other religions. Gandhiji wrote: “Swami Shraddhanand has also become a character of disbelief. I know that his speeches are often provocative….” This was the period when Gandhiji was providing full support to the Khilafat Movement with the hope that this would lead to some kind of Hindu-Muslim unity. Gandhiji believed that by his religious mission, which was completely nonviolent, Shraddhanand was provoking the Muslim community.
On 23 December 1926, Shraddhanand was assassinated by a fanatic who was angered by the work that he was doing for the Hindu cause.
Here’s another excerpt from Shraddhanand’s book:
“The salvation of the community depends upon common action taken by the Hindu Samaj as a whole, but individual salvation is the lookout of individuals. Theoretical Dharma is connected with individual salvation and, therefore, there is room for theists, pantheists, henotheists and even atheists in the broad lap of the organized Hindu Samaj. But the code of practical Dharma has to do with the community as a whole and, therefore here the plea of individual Dharma should not be allowed to prevail…” (Page 110-111) | <urn:uuid:cc2e19ec-d7c6-420c-9a06-b6bb4c871405> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.anoopverma.com/2022/07/a-note-on-swami-shraddhanand.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.978603 | 485 | 2.75 | 3 |
Although it is possible to connect a keyboard, mouse, and monitor to a Raspberry Pi, it is often more convenient to access the Raspberry Pi via a PC over the local network. We use a Windows PC, and the following shows how we connect it to our Raspberry Pi.
Connect the Raspberry Pi to the local network using an ethernet cable, or insert a Wi-Fi dongle into one of the USB ports (if you have already configured the dongle on your Raspberry Pi). Now connect the 5V power supply to the Raspberry Pi. After around a minute, the Pi will have booted up and be ready.
We will be connecting to the Raspberry Pi via SSH (Secure Shell), so we need an SSH client on our Windows PC. By default SSH is enabled on the commonly used and ‘official’ Raspbian Wheezydistribution. (If you are using a different distribution and SSH is not enabled by default, you will need to hook your Raspberry Pi up to a monitor and keyboard and mess around with the default settings.)
We used PuTTY which can be downloaded from here: download PuTTY. It is a free open source SSH and telnet client; a small executable Windows file, so nothing to install on your PC. Just double click to run it. Now all we need to know now is the IP address of the Raspberry Pi.
When the Raspberry Pi connects to the router it is automatically allocated an IP address. Unless you mess around with the router settings, the next time you restart the router, the Pi may be allocated adifferent IP address. When the Raspberry Pi is connected to its own monitor and keyboard it is very easy to find out its current IP address (typing ip addr show at the command prompt for example), but the whole point of this exercise is to access the Raspberry Pi without having it connected to a monitor. Therefore we need an alternative means of finding out the IP address allocated to our Raspberry Pi.
(NEW Click here to find out how to Assign a Static IP Address to a Raspberry Pi so that its IP address will not change when the router is reset or the Raspberry Pi is rebooted.)
To find out the IP address we downloaded Advanced IP Scanner – a free network scanner compatible with all versions of Windows. Running this and pressing ‘Scan’, all possible IP addresses on the local network can be checked, and the IP address of the connected Raspberry Pi discovered – in this case 188.8.131.52.
So, now we have the IP address, we enter that at the Host Name (or IP address) prompt in PuTTY and click ‘Open’. After a security alert just warning you to check that you trust the device you are about to connect to, a terminal screen pops up. Login as ‘pi’ and enter the password ‘raspberry’ and you are connected and free to use the Raspberry Pi command line directly from your PC. | <urn:uuid:36cebc8c-3bf1-4990-a992-ae9a4794cf7e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.reuk.co.uk/wordpress/raspberry-pi/connecting-to-raspberry-pi-from-pc-via-ssh/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.906502 | 608 | 2.828125 | 3 |
The Next Level in Contract Design: Incorporating Non-Contractual Mechanisms when Negotiating and Drafting Complex Contracts
21 Pages Posted: 29 Aug 2014 Last revised: 15 Nov 2014
Date Written: August 27, 2014
Defense acquisition programs are examples of complex contracts plagued by surging delays and cost overruns. In particular, contract management of defense acquisition programs has been identified as “high risk” - threatening project performance and leading to the Department of Defense (DoD) overpaying for projects. Empirical findings suggest that parties’ contractual behavior - especially the ability to work together cooperatively - is an important success factor. Empirical research also indicates that, in complex projects, such as defense projects, contracts are often experienced as a cause of disruption of cooperation. In addressing this problem, contract literature has mainly focused on how to improve contracts by making them better enforcement mechanisms. This article takes a different approach. It specifically focuses on how and why the contract, as a legal mechanism, may obstruct cooperation between the DoD and contractors. It proposes a new normative framework that includes other variables that influence parties’ contractual behavior, such as social norms and economic rationality, which are frequently ignored in contract design. The main observation this article makes is that tensions can arise between the norms set forth in contracts and other non-legal norms that are particularly problematic in complex contracts such as defense contracts. It explains why these tensions may undermine cooperative behavior between contractors and the DoD and become a source of disappointing acquisition program results. Finally, a framework is provided for identifying these tensions, and design principles are proposed to enhance cooperation by foreseeing and eliminating these tensions when drafting contracts for defense acquisition programs.
Keywords: complex contracts, contract design, non-contractual mechanisms, defense projects
JEL Classification: K12
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation | <urn:uuid:556f2c98-aa45-47fc-98ca-973bd74d53ea> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2488080 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.951506 | 378 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Video answer: How to quit chewing tobacco fast ?
Top best answers to the question «Does smokeless tobacco go bad»
- Many people believe that smokeless tobacco is not dangerous, but that is not true. Smokeless tobacco has many bad side effects and serious health risks, including cancer and even death. Q Is Smokeless Tobacco Addictive?
Those who are looking for an answer to the question «Does smokeless tobacco go bad?» often ask the following questions:
🚬 How bad is tobacco alone for you?
Smoke from all cigarettes, natural or otherwise, has many chemicals that can cause cancer (carcinogens) and toxins that come from burning the tobacco itself, including tar and carbon monoxide. Even herbal cigarettes with no tobacco give off tar, particulates, and carbon monoxide and are dangerous to your health.
🚬 How bad is tobacco for dogs?
- Chewing tobacco and other tobacco products are extremely dangerous for dogs. The nicotine these products contain is toxic and can poison a dog in relatively small amounts. Nicotine Poisoning Most chewing tobacco products contain 6 to 8 milligrams of nicotine per gram; a standard 34-gram tin contains at least 200 milligrams of nicotine.
🚬 How bad is tobacco use in indiana?
What is the tobacco use rate in Indiana?
- In 2015, 9.4% of high school students in Indiana used chewing tobacco, snuff or dip on at least one day in the past 30 days. Nationally, the rate was 7.3%.2 In 2015, 11.4% of high school students in Indiana smoked cigars, cigarillos or little cigars on at least one day in the past 30 days. Nationally, the rate was 10.3%.2
🚬 Is smoking tobacco out of bong bad?
Water pipe smoking, such as hookah or bong smoking, has a negative impact on lung function and respiratory symptoms, similar to the effects of cigarette smoking, according to new research published in the journal Respirology.
🚬 Is tobacco production bad for the environment?
With an annual greenhouse gas contribution of 84 megatonnes carbon dioxide equivalent (appendix), the tobacco industry contributes to climate change and reduces climate resilience, wasting resources and damaging ecosystems necessary for human society.
🚬 What are the bad things about tobacco?
- Using tobacco has some unpleasant cosmetic effects too. Smokers often suffer from bad breath, yellowing teeth and nails, and early wrinkles around the mouth. Smoking causes changes in the coloring and texture of the skin, often resulting in an ashy complexion.
🚬 What is bad about smoking tobacco?
What is bad about smoking?
- While cigarette smoking is usually the main cause of COPD, other forms of tobacco like pipe-smoking and cigars can also result in tobacco smoke inhalation and damage to delicate lung tissue. People who smoke pipes might face an elevated risk of death from heart disease, especially those who inhale the smoke.
🚬 Which is cheaper a can of baccoff or smokeless tobacco?
- BaccOff is $2.99 per can on our website, so it’s cheaper than smokeless tobacco in most places. Don’t waste money on dips that cost you lots of money on insurance and dental/hospital bills.
🚬 Which of the following is not true about smokeless tobacco?
Which is a safer alternative to smoking tobacco?
- Smokeless tobacco is a safer alternative to smoking. Which of the following is considered to pose the greatest health risk when inhaled? sidestream smoke Which of the following is true of alcohol usage among college students? The percentage of students reporting no alcohol use within the past 30 days has increased
Video answer: Is iqos, a smoke-free cigarette alternative, safe?
We've handpicked 6 related questions for you, similar to «Does smokeless tobacco go bad?» so you can surely find the answer!Why is the tobacco industry bad?
Tobacco growing, production, marketing and consumption are devastating our environment. Tobacco cultivation causes deforestation and over-utilizes harmful chemicals. The waste from production— much of it toxic— and disposal of packaging and cigarette butts pollute our fragile ecosystems.Why is tobacco bad for the economy?
Without the cultivation of tobacco, manufacture of tobacco products, and distribution and sale of products, a country's economy will suffer devastating economic consequences. Jobs will be lost, incomes will fall, tax revenues will plummet, and trade surpluses will veer dangerously in the direction of deficits.Why is tobacco bad industry report?
What are the health risks of tobacco use?
- Tobacco is often linked to a greater chance of heart attack, stroke, several forms of cancer, and fertility problems. The addictive nature of nicotine makes giving up cigarettes extremely difficult. But with quitting comes a wide array of benefits, not to mention the possibility of reversing much of the damage done by smoking.
What is the size of the global tobacco market?
- July 2018 | Report Format: Electronic (PDF) The global tobacco market size is expected to reach USD 694.47 billion by 2021, according to a new study by Grand View Research, Inc., exhibiting a 2.8% CAGR from 2016 to 2021.
- Smokers have trouble breathing because smoking damages the lungs. If you have asthma, you can have more frequent and more serious attacks. Smoking causes a lot of coughing with phlegm (mucous). Tobacco can cause emphysema (lung disease) and lung cancer.
Video answer: How to quit chewing tobacco on 'the doctors'Why tobacco use is bad?
- Nicotine and the other toxins in cigarettes, cigars, and pipes can affect a person's body quickly, which means that teen smokers have many of these problems: Bad breath. Bad-smelling clothes and hair. Reduced athletic performance. Greater risk of injury and slower healing time. Increased risk of illness. | <urn:uuid:51acb685-323b-4f90-a29a-013ef618c04f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tobaccoirrigation.com/does-smokeless-tobacco-go-bad | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.927298 | 1,239 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Griots, also called jeli or jali, are said to be the holders of African history centuries before the colonizers found their way into the continent. The existence of griots helps put to rest the notion that Africa had no history prior to the coming of the colonial rulers in the 15th century.
The first griots trace back to the Malinke Empire in the 7th century. Malinke is also known as Mandinka or Maninka, an empire which existed between modern-day Mali, Guinea, Senegal and Ivory Coast.
Griots are referred to as living archives of the people who know all that is happening within their communities. They kept the history, customs and believes of the people through oral history in the form of music, myths, stories, praise songs, riddles and poetry.
The art of being a griot was passed on from older generation to a younger generation usually within a family. It is believed that being a griot was not an occupation picked up by just anybody. The griots of particular societies were families that are believed to have been part of the founders of the society or chosen by the gods through special rituals.
Once a child is born, preferably a male child, he starts going through the training process working closely with the older griots. They learnt the ways of the older griot by sitting through rituals, learning songs and following the griot for ceremonies. The life of a griot was solely dedicated to the practice hence he could hardly be involved in daily or social activities.
Griots of societies in ancient Africa were either male or female. However, preference and more prestigious responsibilities were often given to male griots of many of these societies. Female griots were trained in the same way as men but were given days off during menstruation because it was believed that a female, during her menstruation, was unholy and unfit to be in the presence of the gods. The female griots in training also learnt more from older female griots.
A griot had the skill and blessing of knowing and doing everything due to the fact that they were blessed by the gods and spirits of the land. Aside from being custodians of history, the griots had other responsibilities they performed.
Responsibilities of Griots
The main responsibility of a griot was to keep the history of his or her society. However, the griots were also divine healers and medicine men with cures to almost all ailments and spiritual problems. It was believed that in cases where the griots could not heal a person of a certain sickness, the gods had chosen that the person died.
The griots were regarded as divine healers who were even worshipped in some areas. They lived in the palaces with the ruler of the society or lived on the outskirts of their society to enjoy peace and be closer to the gods and spirits who did not like to be among people. The griots had remedies to sickness using natural resources as directed by the gods and spirits.
Griots also served as communicators between the living and the dead and gods or spirits of the land. Griots were regarded as humans with special purposes hence they could go into hours of trance to bring messages from the gods or spirits of the land. They also carried messages from the dead to the living in special cases where there were family disputes to settle. During wars, the griots, through the gods and spirits passed on strength to their soldiers and often predicted the victory or fall of a society.
Another role of griots was to serve as advisors to the royal courts and kings. The griots were always present during the meetings of the royal courts to help make final decisions, often they would settle complicated disputes amongst families or among rulers preventing unnecessary fights or wars.
They also kept records of births, deaths, wars and marriages of their society. They kept records of men who went to war and counted them after war.
Female griots were made to train women who were of age to get married. Male griots also trained men to hunt and be leaders of a household or war group. They also trained royals before they ruled and had the power to remove rulers from their positions.
Before colonization and the introduction of education, griots were a very important part of the African society and were protected at all cost. However, through the slave trade, many griots were taken as slaves cutting them off from their society. Many societies were also destroyed due to war and with the introduction of education and the skill of writing, the importance placed on griots was harshly removed.
Today, there are very few griots in African traditional societies. The few who still exist have been left with the role of performing music or spoken word at ceremonies. Many modern poets and spoken word artists in African countries, especially West Africa, like to refer to themselves as modern-day griots. | <urn:uuid:04dbc99e-c306-4169-b938-caeec1dbc96d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://face2faceafrica.com/article/the-centuries-old-history-of-the-griots-of-west-africa-who-were-much-more-than-storytellers | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.991942 | 991 | 3.5 | 4 |
After the tsunami disaster and Aceh political reconciliation, awareness of education's importance began spreading to the villages. The awareness creation process is preferable because the prominent supporters of this effort are the people only. At the same time, the Indonesian government's role is also active in gaining a positive image in the province. Therefore, this paper investigated the level of community awareness in setting aside a portion of the members' income to build elementary schools, pay teacher salaries, and meet other educational needs. The result showed that the community movements were not positively correlated with management and awareness-raising and the general donation movement in Aceh. Besides, community education empowerment has been Fast considering various possible future challenges to be encountered. Nevertheless, the targeted awareness has not been accompanied by public attention towards building higher-quality educational facilities and infrastructure. | <urn:uuid:083a496d-7665-464b-afff-07921b1bdbd0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.neliti.com/id/publications/361795/the-role-of-infaq-in-basic-education-development-in-the-aceh-community | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.958612 | 161 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Tips for Becoming a More Climate Friendly Traveller
In the wake of a pandemic, we’ve had no choice but to hit the pause button on travel. Other than giving us a wicked case of FOMO, it’s also given us a unique opportunity to take stock of the way we’ve travelled in the past. With cruise ships docked, a limited number of flights criss-crossing the international dateline and far fewer of us leaving our footprints around the planet, now is the perfect time to learn how we become more climate friendly travellers. And don’t worry, climate friendly doesn’t mean more expensive, so toss your thinnest wallet in your bag, grab your passport and let’s hit the road on some eco-friendly adventures.
The Climate-Friendly Travel Checklist
Flights Are Not As Bad As You Think
According to a few sources, flying only accounts for 2.5-3% of the world’s carbon emissions. That isn’t to say that flying doesn’t contribute to climate change, however, there are a number of industries that produce far higher emissions like agriculture, ground transportation, and industry. But if you are an avid flyer, one of the best things you can do to minimize your carbon footprint is to skip out on those ultra cheap, multi-stopover itineraries and opt for a non-stop or direct option.
Avoid Fast Food Restaurants
Fast food or chain restaurants produce a massive amount of waste. Single use plastics, poor waste standards and excess pollution plague fast food restaurants, and they’re not generally a good representative of local cuisine anyway so stick to local restaurants or food markets.
Eat a More Plant Based Diet
Did you know that it requires approximately 15,000 litres of water and 25 kilograms of grain to produce a mere one kilogram of beef. And if that statistic doesn’t make your head spin, try this one; An estimated 30% of land on earth is used for agricultural purposes. Yikes! We know raising generation after generation of meat-eaters just isn’t sustainable. There are so many incredible vegetarian and vegan cuisines around the world, so do planet earth a solid, and consider going veg for at least part of your holiday.
Bring Your Own Bag
The LAST thing the planet needs is another plastic bag, filled with useless, plastic souvenirs. Not to mention, plastic bags in most North American cities cost you extra. Do your carbon fiber wallet and the planet a favour and bring a couple of canvas bags for your shopping.
Put Together an Eco Friendly Travel Kit
Think about all of the single use plastic you use when you’re on vacation. Everything from the coffee cup you throw away before you step on your flight, plastic cutlery, cocktail straws, disposable toothbrushes, plastic, plastic and more plastic! Put together your own eco travel kit with reusable cutler, metal straws, metal chopsticks, and your own steel travel mug. These materials are easy to sterilize in your hotel or apartment rental.
Hire Local Guides
Using local guides is not only sustainable, but it’s also ethical. The best way to support the local economy of whatever destination you’re looking to explore, is to book with local guides and local tour companies. They’re also well versed in eco-friendly and sustainable practices that benefit their region specifically. They also tend to be more cost efficient than larger, international companies, so even the thinnest wallet can afford a five star eco-friendly experience.
You’ve probably heard this term ‘slow travel’ before, but what does it mean? Slow travel generally means taking a trip and focusing heavily on one particular destination or region. This particular style of travel is popular with North American travellers because of their lack of holiday time. Slow travel generally means you’re not spending your days on non-stop sightseeing tours, bussing around, or catching trains. Your carbon imprint is smaller, and you often spend more time wandering your destination on foot or by bicycle.
Take a Cycling Tour
If you’re seriously dedicated to becoming a more climate friendly traveller, consider booking yourself on a cycling tour. With nations around the world building better infrastructure for cyclists, there are numerous destinations you can explore on two wheels. If you’re an avid cyclist at home, hop onto the tourism board website of just about anywhere in the world, and you’ll likely find several fantastic self-guided cycling itineraries to help you plan your trip.
Choose Green Accommodation Options
Do you know if the hotel you’ve just booked is sustainable? How rigorous is their recycling program? How much water do they waste or conserve? Do they adhere to any local green initiatives? These are all questions you should be asking before you book your hotel. Alternatively, look for eco-friendly lodges, inns or resorts that use sustainable materials. These types of accommodation often incorporate locally grown foods into their menus, use handcrafted toiletries from local companies and have greater control over the footprint of their guests.
Support Local Wildlife Initiatives
No more dolphin swims, elephant rides or wild animal encounters (unless they’re in a responsible sanctuary). All of these tourist-focused practices are not only cruel to the animals that needlessly suffer, but they’re also not climate friendly. These animals are often not fed what they need nutritionally, they attract large groups of tourists at once, and they have few standards when it comes to safety and sustainability.
Use Sunscreen That’s Reef Friendly
You know that yucky slick that your body leaves when you dive into a pool, or go snorkeling on a reef? Yeah, that’s deadly for underwater flora and fauna. There are reef destinations around the world that have all-out banned harmful sunscreens, so if you haven’t started doing your research, you better start now. There are a number of mineral based sunscreens that will offer you protection without damaging the ultra sensitive marine eco systems you want to explore.
Only Drink “Near-Beer”
Travelling is all about having that ultra local experience right? You’re already spending night after night dining on local delicacies, so why not wash it down with some of the local brews? Drinking ‘Near-Beer’ means supporting local breweries, distilleries or even vineyards, instead of drinking international options.
Being a more climate friendly traveller means you get to enjoy those bucket list destinations in a more wholesome, more localized travel experience. Sustainable travel is the only way to preserve national parks, help preserve wildlife populations for future generations to enjoy, and reduce our overall carbon footprint. Sustainable travel has also opened up a newer sector of the tourism industry, which has led to an increase in jobs around the globe. Destinations are tapping into green initiatives to give visitors an overall cleaner, more locally authentic experience. | <urn:uuid:ba375fa4-72d3-44b1-a01a-eea4d33a7078> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://coldfire.it/blogs/luxury-leather-wallets-mens/tips-for-becoming-a-more-climate-friendly-traveller | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.911725 | 1,459 | 2.390625 | 2 |
There are a number of internet design traits that have begun to make an impact online. For this motive, some cool examples of such trends are actually being used. Read directly to recognise greater about what those layout developments are all approximately, and why they might advantage groups that use them of their WordPress web designs this 12 months.
Vivid Color Schemes
In 2014, Google delivered Material Design, and this pushed the boundaries of the things designers may want to do as much as that factor, in particular in phrases of coloration. Due to the achievement of Material Design and the things it has allowed designers to do with colourful shades in a controlled putting, designers are given the stamp of approval to do more experimentation with it this year.
Vibrant color schemes could probably be the tamest part of the trend. There will be in addition experiments within the presence of gradients, image saturation and double exposure.
Rebellious Typography Options
First of all, that is clearly approximately the header textual content and not anything else. The guidelines that have been installed with reference to the legibility of preferred test must continually be observed. With that being said, header text especially at the upper part of a home page is completely special.
In 2018, there could be a main change inside the manner this header textual content is styled. It turns into
and it is every person’s wager what different strategies designers will consider.
It goes without pronouncing that web designers will revel in pushing the limits of text in 2018.
Users have long past thru enough training to apprehend the manner web sites paintings which include:
using the top navigation in finding other pages
scrolling down a web page to maintain reading
clicking flat, coloured buttons to get additional facts
With the essential concepts, designers can now experiment with grids and layouts with the use of unexpected adjustments, plus asymmetrical stability as a way to astonish and captivate users during their journey.
Experimental Animation and Video
Animation and video are additional ways by using which net designers will alternate layout, however now not in the ways that we’ve seen it being used within the past. Demonstration movies, in addition to scroll-brought on animations will always be around but in 2018, there can be extra experimentation on video utilization with the aid of particle backgrounds, augmented or virtual realities, cinema graphs and lively thumbnail photographs. | <urn:uuid:d088bd61-80ad-4bcb-910e-e2ceef862776> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.mp3death.us/2018-web-design-trends-that-businesses-need-to-consider/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.933096 | 509 | 1.773438 | 2 |
ASHEVILLE, N.C. — Biltmore Blooms, Biltmore’s annual celebration of spring, has been delighting guests for more than three decades. This year’s event begins April 1 and continues through May 23, 2019, combining acres of historic gardens, a new exhibition in Biltmore House, a spring wine release, and more.
Biltmore’s spring gardens and bloom reports
A vibrant landscape of flowers blankets the estate during Biltmore Blooms, paying homage to the legacy of landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted and his final professional project – George Vanderbilt’s gardens at Biltmore.
Daffodils, crocus and forsythia are among the first to bloom, followed by thousands of tulips. The concentrated tulip bloom in Biltmore’s Walled Garden pattern beds will be the result of some 80,000 bulbs planted in late fall last year. Tulips can be seen in warm hues of purple, pink and red. Later spring days bring irises, roses and azaleas, with mountain laurels and rhododendrons close behind.
For trip planning during Biltmore Blooms, stay up to date with what is currently flowering with weekly reports from the estate’s director of horticulture Parker Andes at Biltmore.com/bloomreport.
Spring is brought indoors in Biltmore House
Floral arrangements and tropical plants flourish inside Biltmore House, complementing the estate’s current exhibition, A Vanderbilt House Party – The Gilded Age. Flowers familiar to western North Carolina such as rhododendron, viburnum and japonica are integrated into Biltmore House, reflecting what might have been used by the staff during the Vanderbilt era.
The exhibition tells stories of celebrations once held in Biltmore House, bringing to life how George Vanderbilt and his family entertained with festive house parties during the Gilded Age. The exhibition features the recreation of elegant Vanderbilt-era clothing by Academy Award-winning costume designer John Bright. Black-and-white photographs (circa 1900) in Biltmore’s archives served as the source material to create the outfits.
Seasonal activities, events and savings
Annual Easter Egg Hunt Sunday, April 21
One of the largest in the Southeast, Biltmore’s Easter Egg Hunt takes place on Easter Sunday, April 21, on the front lawn of Biltmore House. Entertainment is for children ages 2 through 9 and includes treat bags, magic shows, jugglers, and photos with the Easter Rabbit. Egg hunts begin at 11 a.m. and 2 p.m. Registration begins two hours before each hunt. Parents should bring baskets for children to collect eggs.
Gardening tips and design inspiration
Join Biltmore’s gardening and design experts as they offer tips and techniques. Weekend “Ask a Gardener” stations in the Walled Garden allow guests to talk with horticulture experts. Effortless Orchids, a free demonstration on caring for this beautiful and diverse plant species, takes place daily at 1 p.m. at A Gardener’s Place Shop located beneath the Conservatory.
- Easter Sunday Brunch: On April 21, special Easter brunches are served at the Dining Room at The Inn on Biltmore Estate and Deerpark Restaurant.
- Mother’s Day Brunch: On Sunday, May 12, special Mother’s Day brunches are being served at the Dining Room at The Inn on Biltmore Estate and Deerpark Restaurant.
Spring wine release
Admission to Biltmore includes access to Biltmore Winery and complimentary tastings of award-winning wines. Look for the 2019 Limited Release Spring Seasonal Wine, a semi-sweet fragrant white wine with floral aromas and hints of citrus.
Stay at Biltmore and save: Three nights for the price of two
Biltmore’s two hotels offer Vanderbilt-inspired hospitality and access to the estate’s 8,000 acres of beauty. The Inn on Biltmore Estate invites guests to enjoy world-class service and luxurious spa treatments. At Village Hotel on Biltmore Estate, guests are steps away from the Winery in an ideal home-base for enjoying a variety of restaurants, shops, and outdoor activities. Guests save on spring getaways by staying three nights for the price of two at The Inn March 22 through April 15, 2019 and at Village Hotel now through May 14, 2019 (blackout dates apply).
Estate spring savings
- Receive a free exhibition audio guided tour of A Vanderbilt House Party when guests purchase estate admission tickets online.
- Moms enjoy $25 admission on Mother’s Day weekend, either Saturday, May 11 or Sunday, May 12, with the purchase of an adult or youth daytime admission ticket.
SOURCE The Biltmore Company
Rod Washington Writer, filmmaker, model railroader, dreamer, posting videos and articles about trains. Also, posting railfanning videos and updates about his own model railroad layout via his webpage, the rail project (coming soon). | <urn:uuid:0f5e835f-f17f-4678-9ad2-dedaa59eeee0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tnc.network/blossoming-flowers-and-colorful-stories-enrich-biltmore-blooms-biltmores-springtime-celebration/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.92932 | 1,075 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Copyright infringement is a typical idea that most understudies and scholastics know about. It means to duplicate another person's work and cause it to appear to be your own work. It prescribes that you don't give credit to made by another person.
Self-insightful theft intimates copying your contemplations, considerations, and words. Be that as it may, self-misrepresenting can appear, apparently, to be an innocuous show, might you whenever eventually truly copy your own self? Is it really unlawful or moral? What underhandedness could it whenever sooner or later do expecting it is your own work? An essay writer online service is an extraordinary other decision on the off chance that it isn't your #1 to compose. These services give copyright infringement free satisfied.
Undoubtedly, might we at some point investigate what self-copying is and how you can keep away from it.
Self-distorting is where you duplicate the whole material or some part from your past work or apportionment. It is where you utilize a past work and cause it to appear to be exceptional or new work.
Self-fashioning is obscure and rough as you don't give due acknowledge to the actually scattered work. So when I make my essay, I ensure that I don't take my own work. In any case, self-producing isn't unlawful like customary academic robbery as you don't utilize another person's work.
So how should you take the necessary steps not to take your own work? Investigate on to find out. There are several counsels to truly zero in on try not to counterfeit your work.
Not planning wonderful examination
One caution is that you don't prompt momentous examination to find the substance for your work. Expecting that you have proactively accomplished some work with respect to a matter of course expecting that you expect you realize satisfactory about the feature begin writing, odds are you will utilize an equivalent substance and language you have utilized in your past paper.
You ought to arrange your evaluation with next to no preparation and journey for ensured books and writing central focuses for writing another report, essay, or diary article or you can look for help from an essay writer service.
New appraisal will appreciate two basic advantages. It, without a second thought, will guarantee that you don't utilize similar examinations and words utilized in the past paper. In addition, it will assist you with finding new sources that you probably won't have actually utilized. This will broaden your viewpoint and grant you to investigate further.
Expecting you follow this procedure, you will truly have to track down new sources to help the work that you didn't use at this point and you would have the decision to ruin copying in your work.
Not refering to your past work
In the event that you truly need to point of fact decree the material from your past examination, then, at that point, you are permitted to do in that limit. In any case, you ought to be sure that you verbalization and imply the material appropriately.
Whether you truly need to clarification a lot of material or an unpretentious measure of material from your past work, you ought to insinuate the producer appropriately, similar to you would for another source.
You ought to make reference to the producer and date of transport to stay away from disarray focused on that work. Tolerating you are baffled about refering to your sources or rewording your own work, then, you could take help from an online essay writer. This would permit you to stay away from self-copyright infringement.
Not coordinating your work
Another reprimand isn't organizing your work going before writing. Assuming you are writing on relative concentrations from similar subject or various subjects then there is a high entryway that you could make equivalent substance in both.
Writing close to substance will actuate dynamic theft which can be tried not to acknowledge you attentively plan your work. You shouldn't make on relative concentrates continuously and ought to try to pick variable subjects.
In the event that you are writing on equivalent subjects, you ought to design the timetable in a manner to offer an opportunity to your mind to reset and revive going before writing. In this way, you can keep separate notes of every single point so you don't utilize similar sources and content to frame practically identical material on the two subjects.
Not redoing your examinations
One more issue in your work can be that you don't have even the remotest sign how to reasonably reexamine or reshape your considerations or words.
If you have any desire to make on a point that you have actually made due, for another gathering or another point, promise you pick the right course.
You ought to pick enormous contemplations that you need to recall for your study. Add new material to your notes and assurance you encourage the continuous substance.
After you have shut the substance, you ought to redo and reexamine your thoughts such that evades likeness.
Expecting you just read your own appropriated material and don't direct different sources, then, it will develop the likelihood of reproducing the work.
Not finding help from another person
One strategy for keeping away from copyright infringement is that you find support from a subject matter expert or a college essay writer. You ought to converse with your teacher, understudy support or a coach and requesting that they guide you.
Expecting you are writing on a subject that you have actually overseen then guaranteeing that you don't take can be an incredible undertaking.
You can keep self-taking by taking assistance from another person. You can request that a companion create notes from your past work that you can use in your evaluation.
One more framework for staying away from self-misrepresenting is taking assistance from trained professionals.
You can take help from a custom essay writing service. They will make from the given sources and assurance there is no fashioning.
Obviously, self-dynamic theft can be dangerous for your writing at any rate it is preventable. You can utilize exceptional examination, imply sources, plan your work, reword your contemplations, and take help from somebody to deal with this issue.
More Resources : | <urn:uuid:e11b9942-ae60-4b9a-bccf-78de39ca834e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.zupyak.com/p/3231162/t/understanding-and-preventing-self-plagiarism | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.960527 | 1,262 | 1.609375 | 2 |
What Businessmen Want DoneA few days ago, five heads of business organizations issued a statement on the current domestic situation. It is rare for business representatives to join forces and criticize the labor sector, the government and political circles as one, urging self-reflection and self-restraint. This indicates business people''s fear of lurking doom. Business circles expressed concern over the labor sector''s move toward a hard-line struggle and made its stance clear by saying, "For the time being, we object to any revision of laws which undermine competitiveness and flexible employment."
It is true that their argument is somewhat slanted, but it is worth noting that business circles, so far having kept a low profile, have now come forward to raise their voice when conflicts are mounting between labor and government as well as between labor and management in public utilities. Out of five demands put forth by business circles, four points concern "the government, which stood idle until the situation deteriorated to this point, and politicians'' populist behavior." Even without this statement, everyone agrees that the government''s willy-nilly behavior and incapability, the politicians'' equivocal stances and a lack of measures against collective selfishness have all played a role in driving the economy to the brink of catastrophe. Accordingly, the government must accept the view that "a minority with a loud voice overwhelms the silent majority" and reflect it in future labor-management policy. In addition, the government must understand that "adherence to the principles of restructuring" and "the establishment of national order and the strict execution of law" are the opinions not only of the business sector but also of the general public.
The politicians, for their part, must realize that they have invited the public''s mistrust by getting themselves involved in a myriad of irregularities, and they are about to betray the public again as they embark on distorting the economic structure by endorsing the cancellation of farm debt and the revision of labor laws.
Instead of exhibiting unconditional rejection of the business sector, labor circles must search for a way of mutual survival by cooperation. Even though the shortening of legal working hours is the trend all across the globe, they should carefully re-examine if it is a good idea to push for this so earnestly when the economy is at its worst.
On the other hand, it is not right for the business sector to give the impression that it is pressuring labor by seizing the opportunity to take unfair advantage during an economic downturn. In fact, an economic crisis shows signs of recurring largely because of the failure of government policy and because of ailing companies'' mismanagement. In particular, the people are furious over some business people''s lack of morality, which has come to light in the process of administering public funds. Therefore, for the business sector''s statement to have stronger persuasive power, business people should have expressed their regrets over their mistakes and pledged to change.
Have the company owners gone through self-reform under the IMF supervision system? Haven''t they forced their workers to accept sacrifice, while they haven''t done much to transform themselves? Isn''t this why they are facing another crisis? It is known that business circles are planning to come up with follow-up measures to achieve their demands.
For the revival of the Korean economy, it will not do if every sector raises a separate voice. Both labor and business must step back and find a path to survival with concerted efforts. | <urn:uuid:ff65e658-0493-446a-aacf-28b3495b21a8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2003/01/04/editorials/What-Businessmen-Want-Done/1882298.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.964569 | 699 | 1.648438 | 2 |
In a world of uncertainties, one thing is certain. The Covid 19 pandemic will represent a reset moment for mass vaccination programmes. The crisis demands a scale, speed and level of vaccination compliance that will completely overwhelm all current vaccination protocols.
Mass vaccination programmes demand a scale, speed and compliance level that challenges all current vaccination protocols.
NeedleSmart digitalises the vaccination process with every detail being automatically recorded in the cloud.
Automatic data capture process that prevents data errors and delivers a single, secure compliance record
All the data required to manage a strategic vaccination programme captured at source
A single authoritative database that will be the 'single version of the truth' and feed other systems
The speed and scale of global vaccination programmes inevitably raise the risk of NSI
To deliver a single, coherent vaccination programme you need to know four things:
A strategic vaccination programme will require multiple vaccination teams.
To exit a crisis which requires mass vaccination, vaccination records will need to be accurate and accessible.
It is highly likely that multiple vaccine types will be used globally.
A strategic vaccination programme will take months to roll out.
Suite 2b, Stanley Grange,
Ormskirk Rd, Knowsley, L34 4AT
213 Smithfield Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA00(+1) 412 312 4099 | <urn:uuid:0225598b-169a-4879-9fb5-c08cddae1319> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.digitalvaccination.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.805108 | 274 | 1.5625 | 2 |
North of Dawn: A Novel by Nuruddin Farah
BUY Amazon | IndieBound
Featured on The Thread: Extreme ideologies clash in 'North of Dawn'
For decades, Gacalo and Mugdi have lived in Oslo, where they've led a peaceful, largely assimilated life and raised two children. Their beloved son, Dhaqaneh, however, is driven by feelings of alienation to jihadism in Somalia, where he kills himself in a suicide attack. The couple reluctantly offers a haven to his family. But on arrival in Oslo, their daughter-in-law cloaks herself even more deeply in religion, while her children hunger for the freedoms of
their new homeland, a rift that will have lifealtering consequences for the entire family.
Set against the backdrop of real events, North of Dawn is a provocative, devastating story of love, loyalty, and national identity that asks whether it is ever possible to escape a legacy of violence--and if so, at what cost. | <urn:uuid:ad11926d-a860-44ab-b6d5-db244e09c52a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.publicmediamarket.org/blogs/blog/north-of-dawn-a-novel-by-nuruddin-farah | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.957826 | 203 | 1.625 | 2 |
I once heard that children around the Church Lane area referred to themselves as ‘doggies’ or ‘diggies’, depending whether they lived at the end nearest the dogs’ home, or towards the Lightbowne end, close to former clay pits. By 1951, these had been worked out and infilled with shale, or used as a tip by the corporation, but the local name, the ‘diggy’, persisted. However, clay was still being dug out near Ashley Lane and north of Lily Lane to supply a huge, but now largely forgotten, local industry: brick-making.Map showing Kenyon Lane in 1933 with the brickworks on the left and Lily Lane school at the bottom
Moston, besides the peat mosses which gave it its name, also has extensive areas of clay, as many a gardener knows, and for centuries local potters had availed themselves of this resource. As the industrial revolution spawned a demand for workshops and housing, firms were established to produce bricks, tiles, chimney-pots and earthenware pipes. One such, the Moston Pottery, Tile and Brick Co, had been established by 1863 at the south end of St. Mary’s Rd, near the present-day Dean Brook pub.
Collieries such as Moston and Bradford also had brickworks: they were digging through clay to reach the coal, so why not use it, rather than dumping it? Other early names such as J H Charles and S & J Higham, came and went in the Victorian period, but by the end of the century, major players had arrived in the area.
Amos Reid Bullivant, a builder and joiner from Burgh-le-Marsh, Lincolnshire, came first to Blackley, then to Moston Lane, about 1873, and by 1900 his sons William, Amos and John had joined him in the business. Amos issued shares in 1903 to acquire land and establish a brickworks in an area roughly bounded by Moston Lane, Kenyon Lane, Lily Lane and Ashley Lane. In 1908, with an extended share issue by his son, John, it became the Moston Brick and Building Company Limited.Silton Street, towards Ashley Lane. Originally a cul-de-sac, the near end now connects with Minster Road, part of a 1996-2000 development, on former clay pits
As the name suggested, the firm not only produced bricks, but could undertake whole building contracts, from design (if required) to construction. An early example was the erection in 1909 of terraced houses on Silton St, Birchenall St, Hartley St and Penn St, on land close to the works and purchased by John’s brother, William. Some of these have recently been demolished, but quite a few remain.
In 1913 the Company purchased three 5-ton tipper lorries, demonstrating their expansion and modernisation, and by 1939 there were around seven clay pits in operation, some connected by narrow-gauge tramways to the works.
After World War II, they played a major part in the rehousing programme, all around Greater Manchester, such as 64 of the houses in the Greaves Estate at Rochdale. The scale of their business is revealed in a reply to a query about brick requirements, published in the Liverpool Echo in November 1945:-
“We have erected many thousands of houses, both for municipalities and private schemes. The total number of bricks for a five-roomed house is 15,000 to 18,000 and for a six-roomed house 20,000 – J.Bullivant, Director.”
As well as houses and flats, Moston Brick built many other commercial, educational and religious buildings. A few examples may give an idea of their range:-
Telephone exchanges at Collyhurst and Moss Side (1926), cinemas in Prestwich and Clayton (1928-9), Tuberculosis Dispensary (now the Sickle Cell unit), Oxford Rd (1931), Appleby Lodge, Fallowfield (1936), St.Patrick’s RC Church, Collyhurst (1937), Lansdowne House (shops and offices), Didsbury (1938), Woodthorpe flats, Victoria Park (1940), Regent Rd flats, Salford (1946), Higher Lane primary school, Whitefield (1953), the Central Synagogue, Jackson’s Row (1953), Moston Labour Club, Chain Bar (1955) and St.Clare’s Church, Blackley (1958).
Aside from the cinemas, most of these are still standing.
The company went into voluntary liquidation in 1931, during a depression in the building trade, but managed to revive and carry on until 1973 under John Norman Bullivant (John’s son), being finally wound up in 1976. I haven’t discovered whether brick production ceased during this period, or earlier, but the works was demolished in 1977 and replaced by light industrial units the following year.
There is now no trace of this once-important concern, but their legacy is still all around us. Collyhurst Exchange, Ryder St, built for Post Office Telephones in 1926 and still used by BTSt.Patrick’s RC Church, Livesey St, opened in 1937 as a replacement for the original (1832) building Manchester’s Central Synagogue, completed in November 1953. Moston Brick’s price for this was just over £63,400 | <urn:uuid:e2f2edcb-1714-45fc-a3b1-c96ce34e295e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://anothermusic.org/2019/05/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.972483 | 1,154 | 2.625 | 3 |
Thoughts on COVID‐19 based on JingFang Medicine
Classical Chinese Formula Solutions for COVID‐19
International JingFang Institute, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
Translated by Li Jiayin ∙ Edited by Daniel Eng
JingFang, or classical Chinese herbal formulas, have been in use for thousands of years. Ancient doctors accumulated a great deal of clinical experience treating febrile diseases that were similar to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Written by Professor Huang Huang, Dean of the International JingFang Institute, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, the present article “Thoughts on COVID‐19 based on JingFang Medicine” puts forth JingFang solutions for the pandemic according to the principles of Fang‐Zheng Correlation (方证相应, the correlation between formula and syndrome), and suggests that with regard to specific treatment methods, we should tonify when it is appropriate to tonify, and attack when it is appropriate to attack.
1. A vague theoretical understanding does not hinder precise treatment
How do we, as JingFang practitioners, understand COVID‐19? Terms such as cold, heat, dampness and dryness represent theoretical concepts in Traditional Chinese Medicine, which have been used to explain the nature and status of diseases, and their meanings have been quite vague throughout the long history of Traditional Chinese Medicine. However, the vagueness of these explanations does not hinder the precise prescription of herbs in JingFang Medicine, because the key to JingFang Medicine is the treatment, and its clinical guiding principle is known as FangZheng (formula syndrome) – that is, “With this Zheng, prescribe this Fang.” Fang refers to the formula, and Zheng describes how the disease manifests in the body (i.e. the syndrome or presentation – a collection of symptoms, signs, and nowadays even the physical and chemical abnormalities that can be found through modern medical examinations). FangZheng are precise, with very little ambiguity.
The pathogens behind many diseases are constantly changing – influenza viruses and coronaviruses are all results of virus mutation – and ancient Chinese doctors also discovered this characteristic. Therefore, instead of focusing on identifying the ever‐changing pathogens, they focused on the human body, matching the manifestations of disease with specific medicines, thereby establishing a vast number of FangZheng. This is how ancient doctors dealt with complex diseases; this model of dealing with disease is known as Fang‐Zheng Correlation. By following the principles of Fang‐Zheng Correlation, we can precisely grasp the pathological status of many diseases such as COVID‐19, and at the same time prescribe the formula and herbs that correspond to the Zheng to give the maximum assistance and support to the whole body, which is the real advantage and specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
2. Ancient formulas can treat modern diseases
Although named by modern medicine, COVID‐19 should be classified as a febrile disease in Traditional Chinese Medicine according to its pathogenesis, as it is epidemic and infectious. Ancient Chinese doctors accumulated rich experience in the treatment of this type of disease. It is feasible to differentiate and treat COVID‐19 by following the treatment principles for febrile diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine, especially if we apply the principles of Fang‐ Zheng Correlation.
First of all, Xiao Chaihu Tang (XCHT, Minor Bupleurum Decoction) serves as the base formula. XCHT is composed of Chaihu, Huangqin, Banxia, Renshen, Shengjiang, Gancao and Dazao. According to the original text of the Shang Han Lun, the formula presentation of XCHT includes: alternating chills and fever, fullness in the chest and hypochondriac area, vexation with or without nausea, possible thirst, possible abdominal pain, possible obstruction and rigidity in the hypochondriac area, possible pulsations in the upper abdomen, possible inhibited urination, possible mild generalized heat, and possible cough. Statistics show that among 1099 COVID‐19 cases confirmed in 552 first‐class hospitals in 31 provinces and cities in China, the most common symptoms are fever (87.9%) and cough (67.7%), while diarrhea (3.7%) and vomiting (5.0%) are rare. According to information from the Internet, the fever that some COVID‐19 patients present with tends to recur continually in waves, which is consistent with the “alternating chills and fever” of XCHT Zheng; and the chest stuffiness and cough are consistent with the “fullness in the chest and hypochondriac area” and “cough.” XCHT and its modifications are especially suitable for COVID‐19 patients with symptoms such as low mood and loss of appetite.
XCHT and its modifications are often used to treat febrile diseases. To name a few modifications: Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Tang (Chaihu, Guizhi, Ganjiang, Huangqin, Gancao, Muli, Gualougen) is used in the treatment of malaria and fever of unknown cause; Chaihu Guizhi Tang (Chaihu, Huangqin, Banxia, Renshen, Shengjiang, Gancao, Dazao, Guizhi, Baishao) is for febrile diseases and infectious diseases with neuromuscular pain; Da Chaihu Tang (Chaihu, Huangqin, Banxia, Zhishi, Shaoyao, Shengjiang, Dazao) is for febrile diseases characterised by alternating chills and fever, and sweating that does not bring resolution of the fever; Chai Ling Tang, the combination of XCHT and Wu Ling San (Guizhi, Fuling, Zhuling, Baizhu, Zexie), is for febrile diseases, dysentery, malaria, measles and smallpox in children, etc.; Chai Po Tang, the combination of XCHT and Banxia Houpo Tang (Banxia, Houpo, Fuling, Zisuye, Shengjiang), is for fever with cough and white sputum; Chai Xian Tang, the combination of XCHT and Xiao Xian Xiong Tang (Huanglian, Banxia, Gualou), is for fever, cough, chest pain and yellow sputum; Chai Ping Tang, the combination of XCHT and Ping Wei San (Cangzhu, Houpo, Chenpi, Gancao) is for fever with a heavy sensation in the whole body and a thick greasy tongue coating; Chaihu Si Wu Tang, the combination of XCHT and Si Wu Tang (Danggui, Chuanxiong, Shaoyao, Dihuang), is for irregular menstruation, cough or chest pain with underlying blood stasis after an onset of fever or prolonged illness; Chai Gui Tang, the combination of XCHT and Danggui Shaoyao San (Danggui, Shaoyao, Chuanxiong, Baizhu, Fuling, Zexie), is for scant menstrual flow, skin itchiness, aversion to cold and edema; Chaihu Jiegeng Tang (XCHT plus Jiegeng) is for cough and sore throat; the combination of XCHT and Yin Qiao San (Jinyinhua, Lianqiao, Jiegeng, Gancao, Bohe, Zhuye, Jingjie, Niubangzi, Dandouchi) is for fever, cough, dry throat, and sweating that does not bring resolution of the fever; Chaihu Jia Mangxiao Tang (XCHT plus Mangxiao) is for fever, nausea and vomiting, constipation and a thick tongue coating; the combination of XCHT and Bai Hu Tang (Zhimu, Shengshigao, Gancao, Jingmi) is for fever, excessive sweating, and a rapid, slippery pulse.
According to my own experience, a large dose of Chaihu has a better antipyretic effect; when combined with Gancao, Huangqin and Lianqiao, it is especially effective for fevers associated with viral diseases. My experiential formula Tui Re Fang (Antipyretic Formula) is composed of Chaihu 40g, Huangqin 15g, Shenggancao 10g and Lianqiao 50g – bring the herbs to a gentle boil with 1100ml of water, simmer until 500ml of fluid is left, divide into 100‐150ml per dose, and take every 2‐3 hours; halve the dosage for children. Tui Re Fang is pungent and cool and aims to induce sweating to relieve fever; it is suitable for viral colds with persistent fever, unsmooth sweating, and red face with excessive body heat, possibly with sore throat, cough or headache. Stop taking Tui Re Fang once the fever is relieved. If there is not enough sweating to reduce the fever after three doses of Tui Re Fang, the formula should be changed. The Chaihubased formulas mentioned above can be considered for the treatment of mild, typical or early‐stage cases of COVID‐ 19.
FangZheng can be understood as how the body’s reaction to the disease is reflected in the formula throughout the course of the disease development. In other words, although we are discussing FangZheng, we are actually analysing the state of the disease. Changes in FangZheng reflect the progression and development of the disease in a specific individual. Therefore, it is very important to be familiar with each FangZheng and its relationships to other associated FangZheng. It is even necessary for every doctor to have a FangZheng map in their mind, so they can understand the origin and outcome of the disease and intervene in a timely manner. The following is a FangZheng map of Chaihubased formulas, with XCHT at the center, using the concepts of exterior and interior, cold and heat, deficiency and excess.
Going to the exterior: XCHT can be combined with Guizhi Tang or Cong Chi Tang; alternative formulas include Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang and Gegen Tang. Going to the interior: The disease will become complicated with many possible changes; prescribe according to the Zheng, e.g. Da Chaihu Tang, Shengma Biejia Tang, Mahuang Shengma Tang, etc. Turning into heat: XCHT can be combined with Huangqin Tang, Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang, Xiao Xian Xiong Tang, Gegen Qin Lian Tang, Huanglian Jie Du Tang, Liang Ge San, Bai Hu Tang, Niujiao Dihuang Tang, etc. Turning into cold: XCHT can be combined with Li Zhong Tang, Si Ni Tang, Zhen Wu Tang, etc.; alternative formulas include Mahuang Fuzi Gancao Tang, Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang, Xiao Qing Long Tang, etc. Turning into excess: Add Mangxiao to XCHT, or combine with Cheng Qi Tang or Taohe Cheng Qi Tang; alternative formulas include Da Xian Xiong Tang, Fangfeng Tong Sheng San, etc. Turning into deficiency: XCHT can be combined with Guizhi Tang, Xiao Jian Zhong Tang, Si Jun Zi Tang, Danggui Shaoyao San, etc.; alternative formulas include Zhigancao Tang, Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang, Zhuye Shigao Tang, San Jia Fu Mai Tang, Shuyu Wan, etc. Combining with wind: Add Jingjie, Fangfeng, Juhua, Qianghuo, Duhuo, etc. to XCHT; alternative formulas include Jing Fang Bai Du San, Renshen Bai Du San, etc. Combining with dampness: XCHT can be combined with Wu Ling San, Ma Xing Yi Gan Tang, San Ren Tang, Huo Po Xia Ling Tang, etc. Combining with dryness: XCHT can be combined with Xuan Mai Gan Jie Tang, San Xian Tang, etc. Combining with phlegm: XCHT can be combined with Banxia Houpo Tang or Wen Dan Tang; alternative formulas include Shegan Mahuang Tang. Combining with blood stasis: XCHT can be combined with Si Wu Tang or Guizhi Fuling Wan; alternative formulas include Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang, Biejia Jian Wan, etc. Combining with Qi stagnation or depression: XCHT can be combined with Si Ni San; alternative formulas include Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Tang. Combining with upward‐rushing counterflow: XCHT can be combined with Guizhi Gancao Longgu Muli Tang, Ben Tun Tang, etc.
Secondly, individualised treatment is very important. Because of differences in constitution and the different body parts affected by the disease, many patients may not exhibit the FangZheng of XCHT or its associated formulas; in these cases, we should prescribe according to the specific Zheng. The organs that have been affected the most in COVID‐19 patients are the lungs. Most patients have cough, chest stuffiness and dyspnea, and patients in severe cases may even have Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and so on. JingFang that relieve cough and wheezing may be considered, such as Mahuang Tang, Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang, Shegan Mahuang Tang, Xiao Qing Long Tang and Zeqi Tang. Banxia Houpo Tang, Fuling Xingren Gancao Tang, San Ren Tang, Xuan Bi Tang, etc. can help to transform phlegm and regulate Qi. For patients with diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms, Gegen Qinlian Tang, Gancao Xie Xin Tang, Huangqin Tang, Wu Ling San, etc. can stop diarrhea and harmonise the Spleen and Stomach. For patients with severe fatigue, prescribe Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang, Fuzi Li Zhong Tang, Zhen Wu Tang, etc. to warm the meridians and dispel cold. For patients with kidney damage and proteinuria, consider Huangqin Tang, Huanglian Jie Du Tang, Chai Ling Tang, etc. Because many patients with mild cases will also experience extreme fear, anxiety and depression, consider intervening with Wen Dan Tang, Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Tang, Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Tang, Banxia Houpo Tang, Banxia Xie Xin Tang, etc. In a nutshell, we must follow the principle “With this Zheng, prescribe this Fang” to choose the appropriate formula.
3. Individualised prescriptions versus generalised prescriptions
While we emphasise the importance of precise treatment with individualised prescriptions, we do not reject the use of generalised prescriptions for group treatment. If the disease characteristics are identical among all patients, using a generalised prescription for groups is also in accordance with Fang‐Zheng Correlation. In Chinese history, there are numerous examples of using generalised prescriptions during epidemics. To name a few well‐known formulas that have been used in group treatments: Fangfeng Tong Sheng San, Jing Fang Bai Du San, Gan Lu Xiao Du Dan, Shi Shen Tang, Feng Yin Tang and Ren Shen Bai Du San. The National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China together with the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine recommended “Qing Fei Pai Du Tang” for the treatment of COVID‐19. Qing Fei Pai Du Tang consists of a combination of XCHT, Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang, Wu Ling San, Shegan Mahuang Tang and Ju Zhi Jiang Tang, all of which are JingFang that have been used for thousands of years and whose use has been supported both by classical texts and by the clinical experience of later physicians. At present, there is a great need for formulas like this. Of course, this one formula is not enough; besides using formulas for group treatment, we still need to follow the principle “With this Zheng, prescribe this Fang” in dealing with more complex cases.
Currently, the international situation regarding the COVID‐19 pandemic appears grim, with the number of newly confirmed cases increasing daily, and consequently one of our most urgent tasks is to find suitable formulas for group treatment. According to the ancient literature and my own clinical experience, and giving consideration to recently reported COVID‐19 cases, I recommend two formulas for group prevention treatment: Jing Fang Bai Du San and Shi Shen Tang.
Jing Fang Bai Du San (Jingjie, Fangfeng, Qianghuo, Duhuo, Chaihu, Qianhu, Jiegeng, Zhike, Fuling, Gancao, Chuanxiong) treats epidemic diseases with headache, aversion to cold, fever, nasal congestion, cough, red eyes, mouth ulcers, itching skin diseases, etc. The famous doctor Zhang Gongrang has commented that Jing Fang Bai Du San is a very effective antipyretic formula – better than Chaihu Guizhi Tang for treating epidemic febrile disease – and that it is also very effective in treating dermatitis, acne, etc.
Shi Shen Tang (Gegen, Shengma, Chenpi, Gancao, Chuanxiong, Zisuye, Baizhi, Mahuang, Chishao, Xiangfu, Shengjiang, Congbai; mix and grind all the herbs except for Shengjiang into powder, and cook 10g of the powder with 5 slices of Shengjiang for each dose) treats all types of epidemic disease, and can prevent disease changes and progression.
Jing Fang Bai Du San emphasises clearing heat and dispersing wind, while Shi Shen Tang emphasises dispersing cold and eliminating dampness. If these two formulas could be processed into powders or herbal tea bags and distributed to households in areas with outbreaks, it would facilitate the observation and verification of results, not to mention that this format would also be low in cost, and easy to cook and take.
4. Tonify when it is appropriate to tonify, and attack when it is appropriate to attack
In terms of preventing COVID‐19 as well as supporting patients in the recovery phase, based on the statement in the Huangdi Neijing that “wherever pathogenic factors gather, the Qi must be deficient,” some doctors advocate using tonic herbs and formulas such as Yu Ping Feng San, Sheng Mai San and so on. This might work for some patients, but not for all. Assisting the Zheng (Upright) Qi and using tonic formulas are two entirely different concepts. Dr. Xia Yijun commented: “When pathogenic factors gather in a place of deficiency, the disease must be excessive,” and emphasised that tonic herbs should not be used indiscriminately. Once the disease is formed, the keys are to remove the etiology and to eliminate the pathological state, which means that we still need to follow the principle “With this Zheng, prescribe this Fang.”
What makes the formulas of the Shang Han Lun effective? The essence lies not in tonification, but in regulation. Regulation means to adjust and regulate the body according to the Zheng and the development of the disease. For example, the Shang Han Lun advocates “urgent purgation” in six places; three of these are in the Yangming chapter, and the other three are in the Shaoyin chapter. When there is “heat knotting in Yangming,” it is easy to understand the use of Da Cheng Qi Tang to drain downward; but what about when there is Shaoyin syndrome with depleted Yin fluids, and dryness in the mouth and throat? The patient in this situation exhibits Da Cheng Qi Tang FangZheng: “abdominal distention and lack of bowel movements,” “abdominal fullness and pain,” etc. The purpose of using Da Cheng Qi Tang in Shaoyin syndrome is to purge in order to preserve the Yin. Thus we can see the importance of the principle “With this Zheng, prescribe this Fang” in the Shang Han Lun.
Huangqi (Astragalus propinquus Schischkin) is an important Qi tonic, widely used in ancient times for treating XueBi (Blood Impediment) syndrome, excessive sweating, edema, sores, etc. Astragalus Polysaccharides (APS) can enhance immune function, promote proliferation of lymphocytes and promote secretion of interferon gamma (IFN‐γ). However, based on TCM clinical experience, Huangqi formulas are rarely used in febrile diseases. There are no Huangqi formulas recorded in the Shang Han Lun – all of Zhang Zhongjing’s Huangqi formulas are recorded in the Jin Gui Yao Lüe. Therefore, it is not appropriate to use Huangqi for COVID‐19 patients, especially in cases presenting with fever, cough and asthma. Misuse of Huangqi may aggravate the condition, especially symptoms such as chest stuffiness, abdominal distention, etc. As for Yu Ping Feng San, which could be used for prevention, we must be cautious – it should not be used much except in people with thick adipose tissue, loose flesh and a Qi‐deficient constitution. When taken by individuals who are muscular and lean, Huangqi can cause fullness in the chest.
In summary, although we still don't have a complete understanding of COVID‐19, the manifestation of the pathogen in the body is consistent with febrile diseases, which are described in the Shang Han Lun and Jin Gui Yao Lue. At this critical point in time, rereading classical texts such as the Shang Han Lun, Wen Yi Lun and Wen Re Jing Wei can provide us with ideas and inspiration. JingFang is a treasure that has been passed down for thousands of years. Fang‐Zheng Correlation is the main principle for using JingFang, as well as an original mode of thinking created by the Chinese, which must be preserved and refined, especially when facing complex and constantly changing diseases such as COVID‐ 19. TCM practitioners are encouraged to make the most of our strengths in order to contribute the treatment of COVID‐19. | <urn:uuid:291b1f10-7922-4ed6-9768-4bb122f2a155> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jingfang-institut.de/index.php/de/info-material/info-material/49-classical-chinese-formulas-for-covid-19 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.899224 | 4,717 | 2.765625 | 3 |
The goal of this project will be to create a rudimentary musical synthesizer. The user will hopefully be able to program a melody into the computer by pressing key on the keyboard. The computer will pass the melody on to the Arduino which will play it repeatedly through a piezo speaker. Additionally the Arduino will be hooked up to three potentiometers: one for controlling the speed of the music, one for controlling the volume, and one for controlling the pitch. By adjusting these potentiometers, the user will be able to further adjust the tune being played as it is being played.
The assembly program will take input from the keyboard and store data which the Arduino will interpret as different notes to be played. The user will indicate a sequence of notes by pressing keys on the keyboard, and the assembly program will read different keys as different notes.
The Arduino will use analog pins for the potentiometer and a PWM pin (any one of digital pins 9-11) for the speaker.
Adjusting the knob (or slider) on the potentiometer changes its resistance and consequently it's relative closeness to +5v, affecting the flow of the current through it. The Arduino can then be programmed to react to the current in a specific way. I would like the Arduino to be able to read three different analog inputs from the three different potentiometers. One will (hopefully) be able to adjust the volume, another for the speed, and a third for the the pitch of the sounds being played.
The use of potentiometers with the Arduino is detailed here
The speaker will be hooked up to a PWM pin. Tones are created by quickly pulsing the speaker on and off, as detailed here. Different notes are set to different pulses, so the Arduino program will take the notes fed to it by the assembly program and give the Arduino a series of instructions for sending pulses to the speaker. (The pulses will be further altered by the potentiometers).
Hardware and Cost
This project will need one piezo speaker and three potentiometers (they can be either sliding or turning).
The piezo speaker can be bought for $2.00 at American Science and Surplus. I don't know anything about the RF filter attached to it though. Radioshack also carries a piezo buzzer for $3.50, which looks like what is used here.
Radioshack has potentiometers for $3.00. I'll need to look up more about the difference between linear tape and audio tape.
Mouser Electronics also has a wide range of potentiometers... probably too wide though since I don't know where to start with figuring out which would work best.
Total cost for hardware will be probably around $11-14 ($2-4 for the piezo and $3 x 3 potentiometers) | <urn:uuid:7ef70684-f933-4411-a818-2949d621e096> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://tephra.smith.edu/classwiki/index.php/231a-ad_projectproposal | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.944782 | 607 | 3.203125 | 3 |
HARRISBURG - Within hours of word that Gov. Corbett would throw his weight behind a gay rights bill, reaction came swiftly, and battle lines on the left and the right were drawn again.
Democrats welcomed news that Corbett - who had previously staked a position as a social conservative - would support a bill to bar discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, while some conservatives assailed him for selling out on Republican principles.
And others on both sides of the issue attributed the governor's abrupt pivot to politics and as a way to salvage his historically low approval ratings.
For his part, Corbett said he expected such a response from some.
The bill's sponsors in the House and Senate applauded Corbett for leadership and called it a major step forward.
"I am glad the governor has joined the great mass of public opinion that has evolved on this civil rights issue," said Rep. Dan Frankel (D., Allegheny), sponsor of the House bill. Pat Browne (R., Lehigh) sponsored the measure in the Senate.
Corbett said he was unaware until this fall that federal law did not protect the rights of gay people in the workplace, housing, and public accommodations.
The bill, now pending in committee, would amend the Human Relations Act to add sexual orientation and gender identity to protected categories.
The law already bans discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, ancestry, national origin, gender, education status, handicap, or disability.
Corbett said Wednesday that he would sign a nondiscrimination bill if it reaches his desk.
But the fight is far from over.
Rep. Daryl Metcalfe (R., Butler), who as chairman of the state government committee controls movement of the bill, said he had no intention of putting it up for a vote.
"If I brought it up for a vote, it would be defeated," said Metcalfe. "A majority of the Republican caucus is not supportive of the bill."
Browne, however, said he was confident that if the bill came up for a vote on the floor of either chamber, it would pass. He added that Metcalfe should not hold up the process for his personal beliefs.
Although the bills exempt religious institutions and businesses with a religious affiliation, Metcalfe said he believes passage of such a law would "persecute Christians" who do not want to "help facilitate homosexual activities."
Rep. Brian Sims (D., Phila.), the first openly gay elected member of the legislature, held a news conference Wednesday to hail the governor's announcement as evidence that "civil rights clearly is not just a Democratic issue."
The debate over gay rights was reignited as a new poll was released showing Corbett still struggling in the polls, even with the successful passage of his transportation funding bill.
The Quinnipiac poll released Wednesday shows Corbett with a 36 percent positive approval rating, his worst net score ever for that poll. While 56 percent of voters say Corbett does not deserve reelection, 36 percent say he does.
Sims said whether Corbett's move was political does not matter.
"If a governor who fears he might lose reelection feels that he has to come out in support of LBGT civil rights as a way of rescuing a failing campaign, fantastic. I'll take it," said Sims. "Because he's right. He should be supporting this. A majority of Pennsylvanians support this." | <urn:uuid:b002c1f6-1dd7-4d2b-9ac5-922fad7d74a0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.inquirer.com/philly/news/politics/state/20131219_Both_sides_react_to_Corbett_s_support_of_gay_rights_bill.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.975223 | 720 | 1.554688 | 2 |
In my latest column for VentureBeat, I try to make some sense of the Occupy movement and its relevance to Silicon Valley. I was wondering why the protestors weren’t targeting local icons of wealth and power, like VC firms, Google, Oracle and Apple.
The more I thought about it, the more I realized there were good reasons for this. But there’s still something a little off about the relationship between wealth and social responsibility here.
Here’s an excerpt from the column. Let me know what you think.
I’ll admit, I’m a bit confused by the movement and its targets — but the answer, I think, has to do with the way finance works in Silicon Valley versus Wall Street.
In broad strokes, Silicon Valley investors are focused on building huge, billion-dollar companies. While you can get to a billion dollar valuation, at least temporarily, with a really weak, unscalable idea, you can’t stay there long without creating something of real value. You certainly can’t create a billion dollars in revenue without doing something meaningful — and, by the way, employing a lot of people along the way.
Wall Street, by contrast, defines “innovation” in terms of new financial instruments: investment vehicles that are increasingly complex and hard to understand and that do little for the country besides generate record profits for the banks that invented them. | <urn:uuid:59209e70-dea4-407d-90ea-90871cad2889> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dylan.tweney.com/2011/10/19/is-it-time-to-occupy-silicon-valley/?shared=email&msg=fail | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.946788 | 292 | 1.828125 | 2 |
In mid-June, the world marked the global Day to Combat Desertification. The commemoration served as a reminder one month after the UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) COP 15 about the critical issue of land degradation and deforestation.
This year’s conference, which drew more than 7,000 attendees, took place over two weeks in Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire with plenary sessions, side events and open forums led by experts in ecosystem restoration, landscape finance and sustainable development. The 2022 theme, Land, Life, Legacy, highlighted the urgent need to safeguard our land against the impacts of continued drought and desertification.
People have already drastically altered over 70% of the earth’s land cover from its natural state, according to a UNCCD report released ahead of the event. Human activities could degrade another 11% by 2050 if we don’t reform our land-use practices and policies. Communities would feel the brunt of this worsening state in food insecurity, livelihoods, biodiversity and climate change impacts.
Armed with the urgent warning from the new report and the pressing mandate set by the United Nations to achieve the global goal of restoring 1 billion hectares of land by 2030, leaders and policymakers attending the COP outlined 38 measures to build more resilient and productive landscapes. UNCCD Executive Secretary Ibrahim Thiaw stressed the need for “transformational, not incremental” changes in the global approach to land restoration and management.
In his opening remarks, Thiaw noted, “If we are unable or unwilling to avert the severe alterations we are inflicting on the planet, let’s be prepared to confront the new reality. Indeed, we need to protect and manage the land. Without healthy and productive land, livelihoods and jobs will become increasingly precarious.”
Public policy can drive landscape-level change
1000 Landscapes for 1 Billion People (1000L) partners UN Development Programme (UNDP), Rainforest Alliance, World Resources Institute and EcoAgriculture Partners traveled to Abidjan with a bold plan to address Thiaw’s call for transformational change. They wanted attendees to understand that local partnerships pursuing integrated landscape management (ILM) are among the most powerful solutions the world has at hand. To push this concept forward among convention goers, the alliance held two side events to advocate for this approach in combatting large-scale land degradation.
During each event, experts emphasized the need for more cohesive, holistic policies to address land use changes and mobilize actors from all sectors. With instances of drought and desertification increasing worldwide, collaborative action to halt ongoing land degradation is essential. In the first of these discussions, Public Policy to Support Landscape Partnerships: Strategic government actions to scale local solutions for drought and landscape restoration, panelists explored key takeaways from a new paper outlining the policy support that landscape partnerships need and what that support looks like on local, national and global scales.
Tom Derr, EcoAgriculture Partners’ 1000L Program Coordinator, set the context for the discussion, highlighting the need to critically examine the governance and coordination structures of national land-use policies and determine how to design landscape partnerships that foster meaningful change.
Panelist Marie-Laure Mpeck Nyemeck, the Land Degradation Program Advisor of the Global Environmental Facility’s Small Grants Programme, stressed the importance of designing policies that strengthen local land ownership and help communities access training and financial support that may be available to them.
“In some countries, local communities do not have access to loans and financial infrastructure to implement something like ecotourism projects,” Nyemeck said. “Without formalized land tenure, access to loans or any government program in place for local resource mobilization is not useful because they can’t even have the ownership of the land. The right policy solutions can help address these interlinked challenges.”
Mieke Bourne, Engagement Process Specialist at World Agroforestry, emphasized that policymakers need to integrate traditional and indigenous knowledge in their land restoration efforts. Incorporating this knowledge into the design of landscape partnerships can strengthen local institutions as well as attract more holistic landscape-level funding opportunities, she noted.
Brian Cohen, Senior Director of Environment and Climate Change at the U.S.-based nonprofit ACDI-VOCA, spoke about the funding challenges many landscape actors face when attempting to implement ILM. Specifically, he citied the piecemeal nature of funding received by many landscape management plans in territories such as Colombia where ACDI-VOCA has worked.
Empowering landscape leaders through tech, tools and finance
The second side event focused on the steady progress 1000L is making in designing a suite of tools and services to help landscape leaders build their own successful landscape partnerships. Around 100 representatives of countries, nonprofits and UN agencies attended and asked questions.
1000L’s Tom Derr opened the discussion by sharing the collaborative’s goals and the advances the team has made in creating capacity development and finance tools and the Terraso digital platform. As evidence for the global need for 1000L’s offerings, he described 17 landscape partnerships in 13 countries that have already joined the initiative as codesign partners since the program’s inception in 2020. Though each landscape has unique characteristics, the impacts of land degradation as a result of desertification are far-reaching. Presenters took the time to share how the initiative is supporting landscape partnerships in implementing large-scale, coordinated solutions.
“Every landscape partnership takes a different journey, but there’s an overall uniform set of elements that partnerships tend to follow, and that starts with the partnership itself,” Derr said. “Our goal is to work with a geographically diverse set of partnerships, to learn from their expertise and to collaborate throughout the design process to effectively embed their needs and interests directly into our tools.”
Next, UNDP Senior Technical Advisor Phemo Kgomotso argued for the value of stakeholders collaborating to collect important data that could help fund and implement environmental, economic and cultural activities across landscapes. Once the data and knowledge exist, she said, it’s critical to help stakeholders find and use tools and technologies a challenge that digital platforms like Terraso are working to solve.
“We are in an age where technology and understanding the use of technologies are essential to bridging communications that can help stakeholders make informed decisions,” Phemo said. “Coordinating different systems in the landscape is critical to designing and implementing the right solution. It requires awareness and education on what the results are going to be and what the impact is going to look like over time.”
UNCCD takes action
Of the many revelations that emerged from this year’s negotiations, one stood front and center – the urgent necessity for collaborative solutions that address the many challenges landscapes face as a result of drought and desertification. Among the 38 measures adopted at the end of the sessions, several called for structural and systematic improvements in land-use management from multiple sectors. Decision-makers placed special emphasis on accelerating new models for landscape investments, enhancing capacity building and strengthening public policy, all of which 1000 Landscapes aims to address in the near future.
With these renewed commitments to combatting land degradation and its corresponding challenges, policymakers, governments and NGO leaders have a unique opportunity to harmonize commitments to truly pave the way for a positive land-use legacy. Landscape partnerships built around ILM solutions hold the potential to achieve the world’s climate, biodiversity and land restoration goals. It is largely, as Secretary Thiaw saids, a matter of uniting behind a collaborative effort to drive change.
“Sustainable land management can multiply the chances of recovery and pull millions back from the brink of poverty, hunger and forced migration,” Thiaw said. “To tackle today’s interlinked crises, we need to find solutions that are mutually reinforcing and create a virtuous cycle.” | <urn:uuid:c4e6d6c1-a7f7-46d8-9e43-11d0f2d2f68e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://landscapes.global/1000l-joins-governments-and-civil-society-in-abidjan-to-halt-global-desert-expansion/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.927141 | 1,649 | 2.59375 | 3 |
(22 July 2015) The purpose of the role is to perform a range of archival duties, including providing reference services to the public and contributing to public programs such as exhibitions, tours and presentations, facilitating access to records and the arrangement and description of public records.
Some of the key responsibilities are to:
- provide research and reference service for clients in the Public Search Room and via mail, telephone and email.
- instruct clients in the use of public records, assist in locating sources through the online catalogue and prepare guides to public records.
- participate in public program activities including curatorial preparation for exhibitions, conducting tours presentations on public records and preparation for special events. Some regional and remote public programs are included.
The ALIA website has the full job description. | <urn:uuid:52a85e65-bef2-4666-b4e8-0c4ec36a53be> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://librarylearningspace.com/queensland-state-archives-hiring-archivistlibrarian/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.948175 | 156 | 1.820313 | 2 |
About the Program
Classics today is a rich interdisciplinary field of study, embracing the study of not only the Greek and Latin languages and literature, but also some 2,000 years of ancient Mediterranean civilizations in several major periods: the Aegean Bronze Age, classical Greece, the Roman Republic and Empire, the early Christian world, and late antiquity.
The study of the liberal arts is itself a classical ideal, and each succeeding generation has discovered new sources of inspiration in classical history, literature, art, archaeology, religion, myth, law, political science, and philosophy. A classical education broadens one’s horizons in space and time, provides models for understanding both remote cultures and our own, and furnishes a lifelong basis for future reading and thought in diverse areas.
- Chair: John R. Lenz, Associate Professor
- Professor: John Muccigrosso | <urn:uuid:021bfe30-d12d-4186-a5a1-4cd4c8450b71> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://catalog.drew.edu/preview_entity.php?catoid=37&ent_oid=3048&returnto=1596 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.886741 | 192 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Fleas (Siphonaptera) are important blood-feeding parasites of mammals (including humans). Although they are known to be associated with bacteria (e.g. the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis), little is known about their association with viruses. This project concerns a virus discovery study on the recently released transcriptome of the European hedgehog flea (Archaeopsylla erinacei). Bioinformatics aided comparisons of the flea transcriptome against a curated virus genome database revealed the presence of various unknown virus sequences, along with some known viral pathogens (e.g. Vaccinia virus). BLAST searches and functional analyses in GenBank identified several transcripts as an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) related to those of Tenuivirus, an unclassified genus of group V (-)ssRNA viral pathogens of plants. Phylogenetic analyses of the sequences, including Bunyaviridae as an outgroup, confirm clustering with Rice Stripe Virus (RSV) and Rice Grassy Stunt Virus (RGSV) (both in Tenuivirus). Targeted sequencing of an Archaeopsylla erinacei genome and 35 related flea species suggests that the presence of this viral RdRP in the transcriptome could be due to an active viral infection of this flea, rather than an integration of viral sequence into the host flea genome as has been observed with endogenous viral elements. Further studies are needed to resolve these competing hypotheses of viral-flea interaction. Results suggest the presence of undiscovered viral diversity associated with fleas in particular, and blood-feeding insects in general. Additionally, transcriptomes are useful resources for viral discovery. | <urn:uuid:80d737dd-c2d1-4ef5-8090-ec1621f093c9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dspace.sunyconnect.suny.edu/handle/1951/72686 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.907681 | 346 | 3.09375 | 3 |
The Uncanny Valley of Chinese Stones
|Wu Bin, Ten Views of a Lingbi Stone, 1610. Private collection.|
Newly opened is "Wu Bin: Ten Views of a Lingbi Stone." The Chinese literati prized certain stones for their weirdness of form. "Wu Bin" is a focus exhibition built around the extraordinary scroll known as Ten Views of a Lingbi Stone, 1610. Ming painter Wu Bin meticulously records the appearance of a stone owned by calligrapher Mi Wanzhong (who supplied the scroll's text and calligraphy).
The stone in question was taller than a man and is not here. LACMA curator Stephen Little has taken the opportunity to debut the venerable Taihu Stone acquired earlier this year.
Spirit stones are natural things selected for their uncanny resemblance to other things. Representations of spirit stones double-down on the paradox. "Art" shares a root with "artifice" and "artificial."
In a way, "Wu Bin" rhymes with another newly opened LACMA show, "Richard Prince: Untitled (Cowboy)" in BCAM. Prince came to fame in the late 1980s for (re)photographing "Marlboro Man" cigarette ads. He cropped the ad copy, scaled the images up to gallery size, and presented them as art. The original ad campaign's photographers sued, resulting in a settlement and much discussion of the ethics of appropriation.
A gallery video traces the complicated story. The Marlboro campaign had been inspired by Leonard McCombe's 1949 Life magazine photoessay of Texas cowboy Clarence Hailey Long. Ad execs hired illustrator Robert Peak to adapt McCombe's vision into drawings and paintings (one below, shown here) and then hired a team of photographers to shoot photos based on McCombe's conceptuals. Nobody was an "original," unless maybe it was cowboy Long. The Chinese tradition understands appropriation as a given. Art succeeds by revealing the strangeness of something familiar (pretty much what Prince did). Western thought more often sees the artist as a maverick, cowboy proprietor of an intellectual property brand.
Below, Prince's bronze sculpture of a young gunslinger (2011-2015). | <urn:uuid:3e6b6e99-0cf6-493a-bfc9-b00c691f8fbf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lacmaonfire.blogspot.com/2017/12/the-uncanny-valley-of-chinese-stones.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.952217 | 461 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Brazilian culture is often portrayed as either joyful folk tradition or brutal gang violence. But Kleber Mendonca Filho's Neighboring Sounds penetrates into the daily lives of suburban Brazilians — and critic John Powers says it may be the best Brazilian film since the '70s.
Thomas Friedman is a man bent on revolution. In his new book, Hot, Flat, and Crowded, the three-time Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist writes about the need for a green revolution — and calls upon Americans to lead the charge.
Fortune Magazine's senior editor Joe Nocera and Ron Chernow. They can both be seen in the new Frontline documentary "Betting on the Market." The documentary is based in part on Nocera's 1994 book, "A Piece of the Action: How the Middle Class Joined the Money Class." It traces America's obsession with Wall Street, and looks at the consequences. Nocera serves as correspondent in the film. Chernow is the author of "The House of Morgan," which received a National Book Award in 1990.
Philadelphia Inquirer investigative reporters Donald Barlett and James Steele. The two talk with Terry Gross about why campaign promises related to taxes should be carefully scrutinized. They say if you want to know how a 15 percent tax cut would help you, you need to look at how it would impact all of the taxes you pay. They say that often the highest tax rates are found at the state or local level.
Pulitzer Prize winning Philadelphia Inquirer reporters Donald Barlett and James Steele. "Barlett and Steele" as they are often referred to in Philly, are writing a new ten part series in the Inquirer titled "Who Stole the Dream?" Barlett and Steele say American public policy is largely to blame for why many American jobs have been sent overseas. Barlett and Steele will publish these stories in book form later this year.
Journalists Donald Barlett and James Steele. Their reports from the front pages of the "Philadelphia Inquirer" later became the book "America: What went Wrong"; it was a bestseller for eight months, and added fuel to the fire of the 1992 Election. Their new book of investigative reporting is "America: Who Really Pays the Taxes?" (Simon & Schuster). They argue the middle class has been soaked by the current tax system; that the same dollar earned by a neighborhood grocer is taxed more than if it was earned by a foreign corporation doing business here. | <urn:uuid:67672867-0905-47ec-a27d-789483f53d8f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://freshairarchive.org/topics/middle-class | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.970518 | 507 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Persecution Equals Revival!
18 ‘”If the world hates you, be aware that it hated me before it hated you. 19 If you belonged to the world, the world would love you as its own. Because you do not belong to the world, but I have chosen you out of the world—therefore the world hates you.” ~ John 15:18-19 (NRSVACE)
History is against those who persecute others, no matter the reason for the persecution, history almost always is in favor of the underdog. Case in point the Roman Empire; here we have a powerful nation that controlled vast lands and forced other nations to pay homage to them. The people of Rome worshiped many different gods and thought in their ignorance that Rome was blessed by those fake gods and would last forever. Many religions perished and or were assimilated into an ever-growing pool of fake beliefs and government controls which ultimately led to monumental corruption. “The decline of Rome dovetailed with the spread of Christianity, and some have argued that the rise of a new faith helped contribute to the empire’s fall.” Andrews, Evan (2014) 8 Reasons Why Rome Fell. In this Christianity was the underdog much like it is in China with many new converts to the religion being persecuted for their beliefs, killed, tortured, imprisoned, and the main symbol of Christ’s Church being taken or destroyed. Nothing new, for this, has been going on for centuries. You would think people would learn from history. But, our Lord Jesus Christ Himself told us why the world hates us, “believers” so, for the world first hated Him. See it works like this, being a Christian means you no longer belong to the world, a world filled with sin, a world filled with people trying to save themselves through their own deeds, and as hard as they try to earn their place in heaven the people of the world have fallen short of the glory of God. So like Satan, they are powerless to save themselves and despise those who believe in Christ and therefore are saved by His blood on the cross. The symbol of the cross that once was something to fear turned into a holy symbol by early Christians and therefore overcame the world yet again. Which is why the Chinese government during their raids takes this holiest and powerful of symbols from the churches they raid. Therefore, I say to you my brothers and sisters of China, stand strong and replace the many crosses stolen from your places of worship with yet another, and if that one is also taken from you, fashion another until finally, one becomes permanent in your church. Let the hatred flow off your backs and let Gods love convert millions more because you have suffered for our Lord and Savour. Like the Christians of Rome, let there be a revival that overtakes your country until the name of Jesus is said in every household of new believers and Christianity becomes the one religion the Government can’t control and must submit to. All of which is done by the power of peace and of love and by remembering those who have fallen in the name of Our Lord, Jesus Christ…. (Their Feast Day is July 9)
26 “When the Advocate comes, whom I will send to you from the Father, the Spirit of truth who comes from the Father, he will testify on my behalf. 27 You also are to testify because you have been with me from the beginning.” ~John 15:26-27 (NRSVACE)
“Cheap grace is the preaching of forgiveness without requiring repentance, baptism without church discipline, Communion without confession, absolution without personal confession.” Bonhoeffer, Dietrich (1937) The Cost of Discipleship.
As implied, Bonhoeffer was one of many advocates sent by God to call out the many sins of the evil-doers. Bonhoeffer, as described by Yu Jie, who authored a post titled, “China’s Christian Future”, in a blog called First Things, wrote, “Chinese Christians also see in Bonhoeffer a man who dared wage war as an ant on an elephant. He found wisdom and courage in Jesus, knowing that Jesus exists for others, and those who follow him should do the same.” So on this point made by Yu Jie, I want to reflect most, for it is true that Jesus gives His people strength no matter their race, color, or social standing, for if you claim Jesus as your personal savior and then are baptised you are washed clean and are no longer a part of this sinful world. This is as true as being the underdog, “waging war as an ant on an elephant” because sin is so pervasive, so under the radar that it is hard to spot but when it raises it’s ugly head we believers can spot sin a mile away. So, in the spirit of Bonhoeffer, I tell you my brothers and sister of China believe in Jesus, belief in the salvation His blood purchased for all of mankind. For God loves everyone the same, He gave all of us the way back to Him so we all can sit together as one nation under God the Father, Jesus Christ the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Our creator if you let Him will give you the strength and the fortitude to move mountains, raise up the poor and down trotted, give life to the lifeless, and the wisdom to rule with love and dignity with a just hand. Remember, my brothers and sisters of China, those who kill over religion are seen as murders, therefore let your prayers and crosses be your weapons and God’s transformational power to convert those who are ignorant and do horrible things to you. Do not fall into “cheap grace” for it is morally bankrupt and evil. Instead, stand within the thousands of years of history of masters, saints, and prophets have walked, receiving God’s grace and His love will convert millions more to aid you in your cause.
The Power of God to Convert the Nonbelievers!
12 “I am grateful to Christ Jesus our Lord, who has strengthened me, because he judged me faithful and appointed me to his service, 13 even though I was formerly a blasphemer, a persecutor, and a man of violence. But I received mercy because I had acted ignorantly in unbelief, 14 and the grace of our Lord overflowed for me with the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus. 15 The saying is sure and worthy of full acceptance, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners—of whom I am the foremost.” ~ 1 Timothy 1:12-15 (NRSVACE)
Paul of Tarsus was the chief of sinners, he persecuted many early Christians, was a blasphemer, and an insolent opponent who hated Christ! But Jesus showed him mercy, converted him and pressed him into His Holy service. Jesus appeared to Paul in a way that was meant specifically to prove His divinity and His mercy. Jesus’s words were not filled with hate but yet love for a man who hated Him. Jesus’s grace was upon Paul of Tarsus in the same way His grace is upon you, my brothers and sisters of China. Paul testifies that he after his conversion had acted ignorantly within his unbelief and it was the power of Jesus’s love which opened his eyes for the first time. Paul also declares before everyone, most particularly early Christians who deemed Paul their enemy that, “15 The saying is sure and worthy of full acceptance, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners—of whom I am the foremost.” ~ 1 Timothy 1:15 (NRSVACE)
So the message is clear, God’s love extends to every human-beings on planet Earth and in His eyes, we are all His children. God forgives the murder, blasphemer, persecutor, and people of violence when their eyes are truly opened for the first time. Grace comes to the repentant heart, The baptized communion, the transformed sinner into a child of God. When this occurs there is a specific charge all Christians must live by; “We are not to conceal our faith and our belonging to Christ, not to bury the Word of the Gospel but to let it circulate in our life, in our relationships, in concrete situations, as a strength that galvanizes, purifies, and renews.” ~ Pope Francis, (2017), Embracing the Way of Jesus, pg. 5.
My brothers and sisters of China, embrace your new found beliefs and worship openly, be not afraid as through your worship you convert many, and allow God’s grace to galvanize your hearts allowing your faith in Christ circulate throughout your entire life and in every relationship and in every action you take. God walks with the faithful, he is your armor, shield, and protection. profess your beliefs and educate yourselves and others in the ways of Christ and your days shall be many. Remember the promise of God, the promise of everlasting life through His son, Jesus Christ.
Ways to Communicate
As always, I humbly invite you to stay connected by sending me a message at firstname.lastname@example.org, or by visiting Listening Faithfully Facebook page.
Don’t forget to become part of this awesome community by signing up at Listening Faithfully Community Page. In addition, I have started a new page where you can also visit me at fb.me/listeninfaith and send me messages at m.me/listeninfaith.
Finally, another means of direct communication os by sending me a tweet on Twitter at Brian Keith@, or become a part of our spiritual group: Friends who Like Listening Faithfully…. “Let’s grow together as children of God”
GRAND OPENING! LISTENING FAITHFULLY BOOKSTORE! Powered by Amazon….
Get your Bibles, Book Club Picks, and Religious resources used to write Listening Faithfully Blog! | <urn:uuid:90095a3a-3939-4294-a8d4-a7c6919e1741> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://listeningfaithfullyblog.com/hope-for-the-persecuted-chinas-christian-revival | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.963442 | 2,091 | 1.625 | 2 |
Hear why it’s still early days for bitcoin according to our CEO, Hong Fang.
What a year – a global pandemic, a wavering stock market, rising numbers of unemployed people and continued uncertainty in global markets. Yet, we saw the bitcoin price recover from $5,300 in March to almost $18,000 at time of writing. That’s almost a 240% return within nine months.
For regular investors, the burning question is whether bitcoin is becoming overpriced. Is it too late to buy bitcoin?
If we put aside short-term volatility and take a long-term perspective, there is a reasonable path for the price of bitcoin to reach over $500,000 in the next decade. To go even further, I think BTC is likely to hit $100,000 in the next 12 months. Significant upside has yet to play out for bitcoin.
Bitcoin is a ‘store of value’
When we talk about the valuation of an asset, the first step is to understand the fundamental economics. Equities, bonds and real estate, for example, often derive their value from generating cash flows; therefore, valuation of these assets involves projecting future cash flows. Commodities, on the other hand, are more utility based and therefore their prices are anchored by industrial supply and demand. Before taking any action on bitcoin, I suggest asking yourself, “What is bitcoin for?” Use this as a baseline to form your own view of the value of bitcoin and its fair price range in a given time horizon.
Here’s my take as a HODLer:
- Bitcoin is sound money and the first native internet money in human society.
- It is scarce (21 million fixed supply), durable (digital), accessible (blockchain is 24/7), divisible (1 bitcoin = 100 million satoshis), verifiable (open-source Bitcoin Core) and most importantly, censorship resistant (encrypted). With these superior monetary qualities in one asset, bitcoin is a great store of value. Once it reaches a critical mass of adoption as a store of value, bitcoin has huge potential to grow into a global reserve currency (and universal unit of account, too) over time.
- The history of money shows us that natural forms of money generally go through three phases of evolution: first as collectible (speculation on scarcity), second as investment (store of value), third as money (unit of account) and payment (medium of exchange). As bitcoin goes through different phases, its valuation scheme varies, too. In my view, bitcoin is currently in the early stage of phase II. Below is a short summary of the two phases bitcoin has been through and respective value implications.
Bitcoin as collectible
Between its inception in 2009 and 2018, bitcoin was in its “collectible” phase. Only a small cluster of cypherpunks believed in bitcoin as “future sound money.” It was hard to come up with a valuation scheme for bitcoin that matched its fundamentals. It was also too early to tell whether bitcoin could succeed in building consensus around its “store of value” superiority.
Bitcoin is built as a basic utility and doesn’t generate cash flow, so there is no way to forecast its price based on cash flows. Its circulating supply was easy to calculate, but it was really hard to estimate demand given the fickle nature of speculative trading. When speculative demand surged and drained out of the system, particularly around the initial coin offering (ICO) boom in 2017, we saw bitcoin’s price explode from $900 in early 2017 to $19,000 by the end of 2017, and then down to $3,700 by the end of 2018.
Bitcoin’s opponents usually attack bitcoin’s price volatility as a bug, but I believe that bitcoin’s price volatility is a unique and smart self-marketing feature. It was key to its survival in the early days. Bitcoin operates as a decentralized global network. There is no coordinated marketing team out there promoting bitcoin’s utility to the world. It is the dramatic price volatility that has continued to attract attention from non-followers, some of whom were later converted into believers, thus driving the continued momentum of bitcoin adoption.
Bitcoin as investment
Bitcoin went through an identity crisis as “sound money” before it graduated into the second stage as an investment vehicle. Starting with the scalability debate in 2017, when the network became congested with historical high volume and transaction costs surged, its community had serious controversies (some called it “civil war”) involving the future path of bitcoin.
As a result, on Aug. 1, 2017, the bitcoin blockchain was hard forked to create the Bitcoin Cash (BCH) chain to allow larger blocks as BTC stuck to a block size limit with SegWit adoption to enable a second-layer solution. On November 15, 2018, the BCH network forked again into Bitcoin Cash and Bitcoin Satoshi’s Vision (BSV).
Fortunately, bitcoin (BTC in this case) survived its growing pains (and the industry-wide bear market) and thrived thereafter. It is also through such public disputes (and price performance after hard forks) that BTC support and dominance has been further solidified, with an increasing number of addresses holding BTC and decreasing volatility.
Then came 2020.
This year has been an extraordinary year in many aspects, but it is truly a milestone year for bitcoin. The coronavirus pandemic has brought emotional and economic stress to many people on a global basis. On top of that, 12 years after the 2008 financial crisis and the publication of the Bitcoin white paper, we are reminded how easily our economy could be flooded with new money printed out of thin air; $3 trillion in new money was created in just three months in the United States, about 14% of U.S. GDP in 2019. The U.S. was not alone.
In 2020, it has been extremely hard for responsible savers to find reliable, real yields to preserve their hard-earned wealth. American middle-class families have had to either accept zero to negative interest rates at banks and debasement risk or bet in the all-time-high equity market when the real economy struggles, not knowing when the music will stop. In other countries, people must fight an uphill battle everyday to simply preserve the earning power of their salaries.
These macro themes are too strong for anyone to ignore. In contrast, the Bitcoin network had its successful third halving on May 11, 2020, highlighting the beauty of having monetary discipline pre-written into code and executed by the global network smoothly ever since. As a result, more investors in traditional finance (Wall Street institutions included) have started to realize that bitcoin has a unique hedging capability against long-term inflation risk, with a risk-reward profile better than its closest monetary cousin, gold.
Different from its 2017 ride, bitcoin’s current run-up is characterized by more vocal institutional endorsement: Square and MicroStrategy allocate treasury cash into bitcoin; the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) allow U.S. banks to offer crypto asset custody; PayPal enabling crypto buying and selling; Fidelity making a case for 5% asset allocation and doubling down on crypto engineer recruiting; well-established traditional asset managers including Paul Tudor Jones and Stanley Druckenmilller announcing public support for bitcoin. The mainstream momentum is building up.
For the first time since its historic inception, bitcoin officially entered mainstream media as “digital gold,” a legit and credible (and liquid) alternative asset to consider for both individuals and institutions. The earlier comparison to “Dutch tulip mania” starts to fade. As more people educate themselves about what bitcoin is and start to embrace it not as a speculative trading asset but as a long-term asset allocation option, we can now look at its fundamentals and anchor price ranges with a simple supply-and-demand math.
Below are three scenarios used to triangulate bitcoin’s potential one-year trajectory.
Scenario 1: 1-2% US household wealth allocation?
- According to the Federal Reserve, U.S. household wealth reached $112 trillion by June 2020 (top 10% owns two-thirds of the wealth).
- 1%-2% of $112 trillion = $1.1 trillion to $2.2 trillion potential demand (Fidelity’s most recent report actually recommends 5% target allocation).
- Current total circulating BTC is about 18.5 million. To keep it simple, let’s assume 21 million max supply are all up for sale.
- Divide the potential demand by max supply, we get a price range of $56,000-$112,000. This scenario does not account for the rest of the world ($400 trillion global family wealth, according to Credit Suisse Wealth Report 2020). If we assume 1%-2% allocation of global family wealth, we will be looking at a $228,000-$456,000 price range. Would this happen in the next 12 months? Likely not. Can this happen within the next decade? I think that’s very possible.
Scenario 2: 2%-3% of global high-net-worth individual allocation?
- According to Capgemini World Wealth Report 2020, global HNWI wealth stood at $74 trillion by end of 2019 (~13% alternative, 14.6% real estate, 17% fixed income, 25% cash and cash equivalent, 30% equity).
- 2%-3% of $74 trillion = $1.48 trillion-$2.22 trillion potential demand.
- Divide the potential demand by max supply, we get a price range of $70,000-$105,000.
- This scenario does look at global data, but only accounts for high-net-worth individual (HNWI) allocation, assuming that this segment has more assets to invest and investment decisions are more driven by institutional asset managers and advisers. I am also assuming a higher range of allocation here because HNWI are generally better positioned to take on more risks in search of higher risk-adjusted return.
Scenario 3: Catching up with gold?
- There has been a long-standing argument that bitcoin would catch up to gold in market cap once it is widely accepted as a “digital and superior version of gold.”
- Current gold market cap is $9 trillion. This is about 2% of total global wealth and 12% of global HNWI wealth.
- 100% gold market cap means $428,000 price point for bitcoin. Can we get there in 12 months? Probably too aggressive an assumption. Can bitcoin rise to 20%-25% of gold in 12 months (aka 2.4%-3% global HNWI wealth allocation)? Possible. That would give us a price range of $80,000-$110,000.
There are additional factors that could add more upside to bitcoin. Given that we are still in the early stage of mainstream adoption, I don’t want to over-emphasize them, but I want to lay them out just to keep the perspective.
- Potential allocation from corporate treasury management. We are already seeing early signs of that with Square and MicroStrategy. Square recently allocated about 1.8% of its cash balance to buy $50 million in bitcoin. Sizing up corporate demand for bitcoin is tricky, though. Each company has its own cash flow and growth profile, which will affect its risk appetite in asset allocation.
- Potential allocation from foreign exchange reserves of all sovereign states. According to the International Monetary Fund, the global foreign exchange (forex) reserve was $12 trillion by June 2020, with the top three reserve currencies in U.S. dollars $7 trillion (58.3%), euros $2 trillion (16.7%), and yen $650 billion (5.4%). Is it possible to see sovereign countries allocate some of their forex reserves into bitcoin? I believe that trend will emerge over time when bitcoin’s superiority in “store of value” further plays out in the next five to 10 years. Assuming 25% allocation ($3 trillion, a little more than euro allocation), that is another $140,000 upside. Bitcoin catching up on the U.S. dollar as a dominant global currency reserve could take a long time to materialize, if at all but it is not impossible to see bitcoin among the top 3 list.
- Not 100% of bitcoin’s max supply would be available for trade. There is about 18.5 million in circulation. About 10% of that has been dormant for over 10 years. It’s tricky to estimate how much of the total bitcoin in circulation will actually be up for sale at different price points.
- None of the above account for the dollar’s inflation rate in the years to come, which is about 2%-3% annually as a baseline. Neither do these scenarios account for the network effect of bitcoin, the possibility of bitcoin becoming more ubiquitous and reliable as a unit of account.
What could go wrong?
A one-sided investment case is never a good one. It is prudent to play devil’s advocate and assess downside risks. What are the major risks that may derail a bitcoin bull run?
The biggest risk always comes from inside. Bitcoin has inherent value only because it has the unique characteristics of “sound money” (scarce, durable, accessible, divisible, verifiable and censorship resistant). If any of those qualities are compromised, the foundation to its investment case will be eroded or gone.
Such protocol risks were high in its first few years, but after two major controversial hard forks and three successful halvings, it seems that protocol-level risks are somewhat contained. The Bitcoin ecosystem has been consistent in independent developer support. According to Electric Capital’s developer report, the Bitcoin developer ecosystem has maintained 100+ independent developers every month since 2014. Additionally, we’ve also seen an increase in commits to the Bitcoin Core codebase in 2020, reaching a peak in May (around the time when the third halving happened).
It’s also encouraging to see major development milestones emerging on the Bitcoin Core network, including the merge of Signet, Schnorr/Taproot and increased focus on fuzz testing, to name a few. These protocol-level developments continue to enhance the privacy and scalability of the network, boosting bitcoin’s technical stability as a currency.
To ensure a healthy and safe future for bitcoin, it is critical to ensure the Bitcoin Core developer community remains independent and decentralized and continues to make steady improvements in critical areas like security and privacy. This is also why we have been passionate about providing no-strings sponsorship to Bitcoin Core developers and projects at Okcoin. Investing in bitcoin development helps reduce the protocol risk.
This, to me, is the second biggest risk to bitcoin. Bitcoin’s ethos is to empower individuals through decentralization, but the risk of concentration always exists.
Within the network, the risk lies in the concentration of mining power. It is not an industry secret that 65% of the world’s hash power is in China. If mining power is coalesced, a mining pool or group of miners can manipulate network transactions, creating fake coins through double-spending, in turn impacting the market price. However, there is also the argument that such concentration risk is inevitable but to some extent harmless, too, given how the network incentive has been designed for bitcoin. In other words, the incentives in the form of new bitcoins and transaction fees should work to keep the majority of the nodes honest because it is economically costly to cheat (not because it is hard or impossible to cheat). The assumption is that the mining participants are all rational and make economic decisions.
Externally, similar risk lies in ownership concentration. Investors, or “whales,” holding significant amounts of bitcoin can influence and even manipulate the market by triggering a change in price based on their buy/sell timing. Given that an individual (or an entity) can own more than one bitcoin address, it’s hard to paint an accurate picture of bitcoin ownership. So this risk does exist. This is also why I feel very passionate about promoting financial literacy and crypto knowledge. I believe that we can build a healthier and more sustainable future if more individuals come to understand what bitcoin is about and start to embrace it. The first institutional wave is exciting to see, but if bitcoin ownership tilts too much toward the institutional end, we would be defeated in our mission of building a more inclusive and individually empowering network.
Another major risk comes from sovereign governments. Given that bitcoin is positioned as future money, it is possible that sovereign governments ban it for fear of threatening fiat currencies. Again, such risks are highest in earlier years before bitcoin builds meaningful adoption momentum. Actually, such bans have already happened in several countries (India in 2018, for example, which was revoked in 2020). Central bank digital currency (CBDC) experiments around the world could also have an impact on how bitcoin’s future plays out.
This year has seen the first wave of institutional endorsement for bitcoin, and therefore 2020 will be recognized as a milestone year in alleviating this political risk. When publicly listed companies, asset managers and well-known individuals start to own bitcoin and speak in favor of bitcoin, such a ban is going to become very unpopular and hence harder to implement in countries where popular votes do matter. I hope the momentum will continue to build, making a risk of total bitcoin ban increasingly remote as time passes.
A successful and complete ban on bitcoin will also need to take coordinated efforts of all sovereign governments, which is very unlikely. As long as there are countries that let bitcoin legally flow, bitcoin will have a chance to win – a decentralized global network cannot be shut down by any single party.
That being said, bitcoin price volatility could be amplified from time to time by domestic and geopolitical changes. In my view, political risks remain the second-largest risk to bitcoin until it becomes too big to be tampered with. We are obviously far away from that point.
There can also be a wider payment ban on bitcoin while it is being recognized as legal financial assets. Such a risk is not totally out of the picture yet. The good thing is, we are not banking on bitcoin becoming the unit of account and medium of payment in our $100,000-$500,000 scenario. When bitcoin does progress to phase III, we will not be talking about bitcoin price anymore, but instead talk about everything else’s price in bitcoin.
This is a timing risk. It is quite possible that it may take much longer than expected for bitcoin to go mainstream.
The only way to manage this risk is to make sure your bitcoin portfolio is properly sized.
If you invest in bitcoin (or anything else) and worry about where its price would be in the next 12 months, your portfolio of bitcoin is probably too big for you. Size it based on your own risk tolerance and conviction level in bitcoin. Don’t do more than what you can afford (or believe in).
I also believe the unique quality of bitcoin will speak for itself over time. Bitcoin’s price chart between 2017 and 2018 very much looked like a bubble. However, if we look at bitcoin’s full trading history, there is a clear upward trend together with growing asset-holding addresses, growing active addresses and growing network computing power. The increasing mean hashrate of the Bitcoin network represents the security level that one would want to see in a network where people’s wealth is stored.
I may be on the bullish side for bitcoin’s 12-month price trajectory but I truly believe that with bitcoin, time will be our best friend.
Bitcoin is unlike any other asset we have encountered before. This is a truly sound and global wealth network that will continue to grow as the world recognizes the significance of its properties. To put things in perspective, here is a recent tweet from Michael Saylor, CEO of MicroStrategy, that summarizes the relevance of bitcoin as a utility and store of value.
In a world of uncertainty, bitcoin gives HODLers like me confidence. It has a huge network effect that can ultimately empower every individual who believes in it and uses it. I look forward to the continued evolution of the bitcoin ecosystem and feel excited about being part of it.
View the original article on CoinDesk | <urn:uuid:2eca785d-6853-4973-b40e-5c77096f735b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.okcoin.com/the-complete-case-for-100k-bitcoin/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.948534 | 4,248 | 1.828125 | 2 |
BLM-managed lands offer numerous opportunities for hiking ranging from small foot paths through untrammeled wilderness to National Historic Trails with developed trail heads and interpretation centers. No matter what type of experience you are looking for, you can find it on BLM-managed lands. Dogs are welcome on most BLM-managed trails. Please check the trail website or call the local BLM field office for specific leash policies.
Please stay on established paths and properly dispose of your trash and human/dog waste. Additionally, many hiking locations are adjacent to areas of outstanding cultural heritage. If you encounter rock art, pueblo homes, or other cultural artifacts, please help us Respect and Protect this amazing heritage.
- Respect and be cautious of local wildlife. Bears, mountain lions, coyotes, and venomous creatures such as rattlesnakes and bees are common in many areas.
- When encountering wildlife, maintain your distance and remain quiet. Teach children not to pick up, chase, or approach animals. Keep pets under control.
- Bring plenty of water. Extreme heat conditions are typical during summer months.
- Severe storms with lightning and flash-flooding may occur. Always stay out of washes and seek shelter if lightning occurs.
- Please use existing trails and respect private land signs and fences
Right of Way
- Hikers should yield to equestrians. If possible, step to the downhill side of the trail and avoid making sudden movements or loud noises that might startle the horse.
- When encountering another hiker, the hiker walking downhill must yield to the hiker walking uphill.
Hikers with Dogs
- Hikers with dogs should yield to all other trail users.
- While leashes are not required on all trials, you should keep your dog close and under control when passing children, horses or other dogs. Please check the trail website or call the local BLM field office for leash policy.
E-Bikes and Mountain Bikes
- Cyclists must yield to both hikers and horses. Cyclists should wait until the horse fully passes before continuing.
- When encountering another cyclist, yield to the rider moving uphill.
- Equestrians and their horses are the largest trail users and can be the most unpredictable. Communication with hikers and cyclists is key to determine who should yield in uncertain trail conditions. This is especially important for cyclist approaching from behind at a greater speed. Use clear communication with other trail users to avoid collision and startling horses.
- When encountering another equestrian, yield to the rider moving uphill.
Please help preserve our heritage. Treat cultural sites with respect. Do not touch petroglyphs or remove artifacts. Report crimes to resources including vandalism, dumping and suspicious activity at 1-800-637-9152. | <urn:uuid:bf31a974-357e-4854-acc4-bbb360a3da1f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.blm.gov/programs/recreation/hiking | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.895307 | 583 | 2.671875 | 3 |
You know your breaststroke body position is in good shape when you find yourself gliding effortlessly through the water. Is that not happening for you?
It's not just about your position relative to the water surface. It's also about the 'shape' that you create as you pull and kick.
Are you looking for that smooth, effortless technique? Read on.
The body should be as flat and streamlined as possible with an inclination from the head to the feet so that the leg kick recovery takes place under the water.
The head movement should be kept to a minimum, and the shoulders should remain level throughout the stroke.
The main aim should be good streamlining; however, the underwater recovery movements of the arms and legs, together with lifting the head to breathe, all compromise the overall body position.
To reduce resistance created by these movements, as the propulsive phase of an arm pull or leg kick takes place, the opposite end of the body remains still and streamlined.
In other words, as the legs kick to provide propulsion, the arms should be extending forwards to create the optimum streamlined body position at the front.
Similarly, as the arms pull around, the legs should be in their glide phase to create the same streamlined body position at the back.
It is common for beginners to have a more significantly angled body position with the legs deeper underwater. This is especially the case for nervous beginners cautious about lifting their feet from the pool floor.
The most common mistake with the body position for breaststroke is being too flat in the water. The cause is usually the face becoming submerged too much, causing the hips, legs and feet to rise to the surface.
Submerging the head too much could then make lifting the face to the front to breathe more difficult. It could also lead to the feet breaking the water's surface as they kick and therefore losing power.
The angled body position can be perfected with a simple push and glide exercise. Push and glide from the poolside with the head and face up above the water surface. You can use buoyancy aids for this exercise if you need them.
Arm pull and leg kick techniques and breathing and coordination help maintain an effective breaststroke body position. My book 'How To Swim Breaststroke' has it all in hand.
Download my book today! | <urn:uuid:90aa9bb6-8bac-4e58-9960-7ec86ae74a37> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.swim-teach.com/breaststroke-body-position.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.947762 | 471 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Adults Need Playtime Too. Here’s 5 Ways To Play.
This post was originally a newsletter sent before MAED had launched, the feedback was so overwhelmingly positive that I knew I wanted to share it again in a more permanent way.
Most of us hear self-care and think of scheduling “me time,” getting that extra hour of sleep or a much-needed massage — all great forms of self-care. There is, however, one form of self-care that can be overlooked.
Focused on our commitments and goals, our days are filled with our jobs, partners, family and friends. The doctor’s appointments, trying to get to the gym several times a week, the trips to the grocery store and the never-empty inbox. With so much on our minds, it’s no wonder we hardly think about the next time we’re going to play.
Play? Yup! That’s what I said… Play.
Think about it. When was the last time you had pure, intentional fun? I’m not sure when I stopped playing, but I do know that having my daughter has reminded me that play is self-nurturing and healthy.
Play has mental, emotional and physical benefits. Challenging games like puzzles or scrabble can improve your memory and brain function. Play can cheer you up and relieve stress. It can stimulate your imagination and encourage creativity. Playing with someone you care about can strengthen your connection. Just like children, we develop social skills, team-playing skills and healthy habits when we play.
Experiencing more play time is a game changer, but how can adults create more opportunities for play?
1. Schedule it in.
We schedule everything else in, so it makes sense that we should schedule in our play. Plan a monthly game night with friends. Dedicate every Saturday afternoon to playing volleyball with the kids. Whatever it is, make a plan and stick to it.
2. Engage your senses.
Build a sandcastle or have a water fight. Take a tequila taste-test, blindfolded! Go barefoot and play tag on the beach.
3. Explore new experiences.
Try that karaoke bar down the street. Go horseback riding. Take up tango lessons.
4. Indulge your childhood memories.
Remember how fun double dutch was? Dust off those rollerblades and hit the streets. Have a sleepover with your girlfriends and play dress up.
Call that one friend who always has the most ridiculous things to say. Have a pillow fight. Bring on the duck lips and all your other silly faces and shamelessly selfie away. Laughing at yourself counts too!
This fall, try rotating play into your current self-care routine. It may not look like hide-and-seek at the park, or maybe it does! Either way, PLAY AWAY. | <urn:uuid:0ffd9f59-a01b-40ba-818a-95f8135fa172> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://maed.co/adults-playtime-as-self-care/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.945243 | 620 | 1.71875 | 2 |
The following study is related to the analysis of financial statement of Avenging and Venturous Retail Property Fund. Analyzing the results it is concluded that Venturous Retail Property Fund has performed better. Cash flows and equity of Avenging limited needs to be improved whereas Venturous Retail Property Fund is incapable of showing their income tax expenses since beneficiaries of the company are entitled to the profits of the company.
A financial statement marks the position of a company financially during a specific time. Companies around the world are mandated to have an elaborate and accurate financial statement of their businesses. A financial statement of a company includes their cash flow statement, income statement and their balance sheet. Companies are expected to create a financial statement regarding their business operations in a fair and truthful way. A company’s financial statement describes the net profits, losses, taxes and all This study is on the different financial statements of Avenging limited and Venturous Retail Property Fund. Both these companies are listed with the Australian Security Exchange (SAX). The focus areas of this analysis will be on balance sheet statements of the companies, cash flow statements and on the comprehensive income statements of both these companies. It will also examine the financial condition of both these companies in comparison to each other for the time span of 2015 to 2017 financial year. This study will also examine the corporate income tax of both these companies.
Owner’s equity is an important element, which portrays the financial position of a company (Crane ET AL., 2015). With a high owners’ equity, the financial position of the company becomes stronger. Owners’ equity also implies the amount invested by the owners of a company in the business and does not calculate the withdrawals made by the owners from the net capital of the
. Increase in owners’ equity shows the investing a company has received from the owners. The improvement in equity shows the financial growth and stability of a company.
The following are the equity items for Venturous Retail Property Fund for the years 2015, 2016 and 2017
He years. The company in these three years’ time span have also achieved i Comparing both the companies’ it is visible that Venturous Retail Property Fund is in a better financial condition than Avenging limited. The vestment recorded for Venturous Retail Property Fund is greater with nth increase in owner equities. Thus, the financial stability and position of the company is better than Avenging, whose equity shares have not increased at a similar improvement in their retained earnings.Debt to equity ratio of a company determines the amount of debt capital and equity capital in the structure of a business (Unitize & Tina, 2014). Debt to equity ratio of a company increases when the amount of debt recurred by the company is more than the total amount of equity available to the company. With an increased debt to equity ratio, the risk of a financial slump in the company is imminent. Comparing the debt to equity ratio of both the companies, it is analysed that the debt to equity ratio for Avenging was 34.89 and for Venturous Retail Property Fund was 57.54. This indicates that Venturous had used more debt capital than Avenging making, Venturous Retail Property Fund at a higher risk than Jennings limited. The debt to equity ratio for companies differ according to the financial stability differences in their financial statements. | <urn:uuid:08bd45df-2eee-4263-a030-8236fb8cb456> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cheapassignmenthelp.co.uk/corporate-accounting-assignment-help-4/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.95862 | 674 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Championship Chess Activities for Learning Chess
Championship Chess® Clubs are ONLINE for the SUMMER. Don't miss out. Registration is open now. Click Summer 2021 Online for more information.
Championship Chess® Activities Provide Students and Their Families Many Opportunities to Learn and Grow
We don’t teach chess the “old” way: “Here’s how you set up the board; this is how the pieces move and capture; now, let’s play.“
Too many young students don’t “get” it and end up dropping out of chess. All of our beginners start with the step-by-step approach developed by Championship Chess®. As each piece is introduced, students play pre-chess training games with Pawns, Knights, Bishops, Rooks and the Queen. Students are then ready to learn Check, Checkmate and Stalemate through puzzles and hands-on endgame activities.
All of our students continue to improve chess skills through the introduction and practice of chess openings and endgames. Our players learn aggressive, attacking openings that promote a winning style and allow them to achieve success at tournaments.
Championship Chess® recommends and encourages beginners to play in the most appropriate local scholastic tournaments. Our coaches are always there to support our players throughout these tournaments.
Championship Chess® coaches are trained to work with different age groups and chess abilities. Many of our coaches have special talents for working with the young beginner. Some of our coaches are Experts or Masters and are highly successful with our tournament players.
Our students are divided into groups based on ability. Some school clubs can have as many as 3 or 4 groups and coaches depending on the numbers of students and their diverse skill levels.
All of our classes provide time for instruction. With beginner students, we follow a sequence of introducing material in a brief demonstration; then, we engage them in hands-on play based on that demonstration. At first, beginners are given 5 to 10 minutes of instruction, followed by 5 to 10 minutes of hands-on play for immediate lesson reinforcement. Afterward, players return to the demonstration board for review and introduction of related new material, and then are allotted more time for hands-on reinforcement.
Once players are capable of forcing checkmate, they’re ready for a 20-30 minute block of instruction and 30‒40 minutes of supervised play. At this time, all instruction includes specific Opening and Endgame material.
All lessons are interactive and many use technology when available. In addition to group instruction and play, students may practice their skills against the computer or watch and interact with video lessons from Coach Steve.
Club Achievement Cards
Players earn Championship Chess® Achievement Cards after completing and demonstrating their skills at each level. Beginning with basic pre-chess games and progressing through increasing difficulty, our players move through Powerful Pawns, Battling Bishops, Mighty Knights, Rockin’ Rooks, Queen’s Quests and Kickin’ Kings. We find students competing not only with others in their group, but challenging themselves to get to the next card.
More Chess Outside the School Club
Once a week is not enough time to promote real improvement in chess skills. So, Championship Chess® offers more chess opportunities.
The Family Connection
Most Championship Chess® Club participants are registered members of the Family Connection, your exclusive area on the site filled with activities, videos and games that promote chess skills. This unique online experience allows students and their families to practice the skills they learn in class, to try their skills on puzzles and online games, and to gain new skills as they watch videos and click to follow their coaches’ favorite games and puzzles.
NOTE: In the next few months, our students will even be able to study and test for their Championship Chess® Success Achievement Cards on our Website.
Free Evening Chess Clubs
Many of our coaches and affiliates host free evening chess clubs, weekly or bi-monthly, at malls, book stores and libraries. Click to find out about clubs near you.
Championship Chess® sponsors and supports many scholastic tournaments throughout the year. We also provide opportunities for club teams to have extra lessons to prepare for upcoming regional, state and national tournaments. And, at many national tournaments, we provide a Players’ Room where players have access to our top coaches to analyze games and help prepare for upcoming games.
Whether full-day, half-day, or part of other camps, our coaches offer chess throughout the summer. Also, look for Championship Chess® one- and two-day camps during school holidays, such as Thanksgiving, Winter and Spring breaks. Watch for information and registration for these on our site and via email and Facebook.
Many of our coaches are available for individual and small group lessons. We can help you find the coach you need, whether for your beginning player or your tournament player. | <urn:uuid:90d30db5-8151-46f3-a6d4-0ae4408e99c5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://richmond.championshipchess.net/for-parents-content/chess-activities/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.945681 | 1,039 | 2.0625 | 2 |
The novel “The Magic Mountain” grew out of a satirical novel that Thomas Mann decided to write after visiting one of Davos sanatoriums, where his wife Katya was being treated at that time. The main idea of the work was to make fun of human inability to real life and, as a result, the flight of the individual into illness. Work on the “The Magic Mountain” was started in 1912, interrupted by the First World War and again resumed in 1920. The two-volume novel was released in 1924 by S. Fisher.
The original idea remained in “The Magic Mountain” in the image of the protagonist – twenty-two-year-old engineer Hans Castorp, who arrived at the Berggof sanatorium to visit his cousin, a patient with tuberculosis, Joachim Zimsen. Unnoticed by a young man, a three-week vacation turns into a seven-year period of treatment of small “wet foci”. Raised by a cousin, Hans Castorp is portrayed by the author as a “simpleton,” more likely to do nothing than work. A decent rent left after the death of the parents, and a “good reason” in the form of an illness, open up for the main character a unique opportunity to be who he is – that is, no one: a person who lives on a strictly routine basis, eats tasty, falls in love, has fun and students.
In terms of genre, “The Magic Mountain” refers not only to a satirical beginning, but also combines psychological traits (thoughts about a person’s death drive, detailed descriptions of the protagonist’s love experiences, etc.), everyday (attention to details, story about the structure of the life of the Berghof sanatorium), historical (the heroes’ arguments about politics, the fate of Europe at the beginning of the 20th century, the mention of the First World War), philosophical (the problem of time, life and death, health and disease, good and bad) and upbringing (Hans Castorp ka student perceptions liberalists-Mason Settimbrini and Jesuit-conservative NAFTA).
The author himself calls his work “a novel about time.” Time in The Magic Mountain is considered by Thomas Mann from all possible points of view:
– time of the novel: according to the author, this is both real time for which the text is read, and artistic time, which has practically unlimited possibilities (stop, stretch, contract, interrupt, etc.);
– historical time (the program will take epochs, the mention of certain historical events);
– time as a physical substance and a characteristic of the objective world.
Thomas Mann explores time through his inner perception of man. In the novel, time is related to space: both a great distance and a long time allow Hans Kastorp to abandon his usual connections and plunge into a new place for him, society and condition. “Sanatorium” (“hospital”) time is contrasted in “Magic Mountain” to the “flat” (life) time of a healthy person: according to Joachim Zimsen, time in “Berghof” “flies and stretches,” but mostly “stands still” . This is due to the fact that life in the mountains freezes in its constantly repeating events (eating, lying in the air, seeing doctors, etc.), while “life down there brings so much change in a year” (opinion of Frau Sher ) For drunk Hans Castorp, time ceases to exist at all, while in a sober state he measures it through the joys that are given to him by life during the day – for example, by smoking his beloved cigar.
An attempt to comprehend the time (for example, when measuring the temperature) slows down the course of minutes, while the time spent without thinking about it “sweeps just instantly” (seven days at Berghof). Talking about time, Hans Castorp, firstly, refuses to define him as “essence”, and secondly, elevates him to the rank of subjective quantities: “If it seems long to a person, it means long, and if it is short, then it is short but how long or short it really is – nobody knows that. ” Measuring time through space (moving the arrow on the dial), according to the protagonist, does not make sense, since all the same space can not be measured by time: for example, the real journey from Hamburg to Davos takes twenty hours by train, much more time by foot and less than a second in thoughts.
The fullness or emptiness of time, only at first glance, affects its perception by a person: the widespread opinion that interesting events speed up time, and boring ones delay time, concerns only small quantities; a large amount of empty time tends to sweep fast, and filled with impressions – they drag incredibly slowly. The speeding up of time can also be connected with the expectation of something important by a person: for example, Hans Castorp, who is waiting for the next Sunday meeting with his lover at the post office, “swallows” a week like a glutton that eats without noticing the value of the food.
The theme of love in the novel is connected with the image of the young Russian patient Claudia Shosh, in whom not only the main character falls in love, but also other patients. The girl herself chooses in her temporary companions a rich coffee planter – the Dutchman Peter Peperkorn. The latter embodies the idea of hedonism in his image: Peperkorn, suffering from tropical fever, even in his illness builds his life to enjoy it – he eats deliciously, drinks a lot, enjoys all people without exception and loves with his whole being.
The Italian writer Lodovico Setimbrini correlates in “The Magic Mountain” with freedom, revolution, and the desire to renew the world order. His ideological opponent – the conservative Nafta, on the contrary, stands on the position of the inviolability of traditional values. Together they represent Reason and are antagonists of Peter Peperkorn and Claudia Shosh, which are an expression of the Sensual beginning of life. Hans Castorp does not belong to either side: he seeks to know, but not one of the ideas heard captures him too deeply; he falls in love with a lovely woman, but she almost does not reciprocate him. Over time, the protagonist, like most patients of the sanatorium, takes possession of the “demon of stupidity”, to cope with which is only under the power of the War, tearing him to the plain and throwing him into the thick of life and death. | <urn:uuid:d4a301b6-5040-43cc-992f-22e6db6a5b78> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lithelper.com/thomas-mann/the-magic-mountain-analysis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.962777 | 1,411 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Katt Morales is more than willing to answer the call to support survivors of sexual assault or gender-based harm at any hour of the day or night; she’s passionate about it. She’s also one of five new USC Student Health advocates starting this semester, dedicated solely to helping those survivors at USC.
Morales is well prepared for the task. Prior to joining the advocacy program in Relationship and Sexual Violence Prevention and Services, she spent her evenings and weekends answering the 24/7 rape crisis hotline for the East L.A. Women’s Center. Her commitment to that role landed her in the field, summoned by nurses or police officers who encountered a sexual assault survivor.
Her presence was most often requested for sexual assault forensic exams or law enforcement interviews, but she was willing to go anywhere and advocate for whatever the survivor needed — providing victim’s rights education, offering options and referrals, and generally acting as a support system in what is often a survivor’s darkest hour.
In 2018, Morales began working in USC Student Health’s contact center, answering calls for general appointments, specialist referrals and health inquiries. But her heart continued to be with survivor support and advocacy. When USC Student Health developed its advocate program, modeled after rape crisis centers in the community, she knew she wanted to be part of it.
“We’re on call 24/7. We’ll go to the hospital with you; go to court with you; help if you need help navigating social services or seeking financial assistance,” she said. “We are 100% confidential and we are survivor-centered. Everything we assist with is based on the decisions the survivor makes. We are here to help them with the healing process.”
USC expands services for sexual assault survivors
Brenda Ingram, director for Relationship and Sexual Violence Prevention and Services, says the program expands the scope of support USC can provide to survivors. In the past, if survivors needed to go to the emergency room or a sexual assault response team location outside of USC Student Health’s business hours, they could get a ride with the Department of Public Safety. But many individuals don’t want to involve law enforcement after an incident, preferring the accompaniment of a confidential advocate. Now, they have an option for accompaniment by a confidential resource and can travel via a private ride-hailing service provided by USC Student Health.
“These advocates are well versed in community resources, such as the criminal justice system or family court,” Ingram said. “And they will work closely with campus partners to ensure that any barriers to services that clients may encounter are eliminated or minimized.”
The program is the latest in a series of enhancements to USC Student Health services in the last few years, including a systemwide transition to trauma-informed care and leading-edge prevention efforts such as affirmative consent workshops required for all new undergraduate students.
This institution is huge and there are actually a ton of resources, but many students aren’t aware of them.
Morales, who is now pursuing her master’s degree in public health, believes the advocate program is an enormous step forward for USC.
“This institution is huge and there are actually a ton of resources, but many students aren’t aware of them. And it’s hard to navigate all of it when this is the first time that you’re on your own without your parents and then you’re going through trauma,” she said. “Students will find advocates more personalized than other resources. We’ll go with them anywhere.”
While the job might seem emotionally taxing to some, Morales says she and her fellow advocates are cut from a certain cloth, and they believe their work is creating real change to systems and to the lives of survivors.
“To wake up every morning with a purpose is very rewarding to me,” she said. “And I get to tackle all of the issues I’m passionate about in this role — race equity, homelessness, LGBTQ advocacy — all within sexual assault. It is very important to me to help disenfranchised communities, and I feel I am doing that.”
More stories about: Student Health | <urn:uuid:9314ceba-5486-4bea-9a1b-01d24f2021b0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.usc.edu/164925/survivors-of-sexual-assault-usc-student-health-advocate-program/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.959649 | 884 | 1.523438 | 2 |
The other day Damian Thompson published a candid history of the Catholic blogosphere, which covers its heyday during the reign of Benedict XVI to its subsequent decline in recent years. Thompson knows a lot about this since he was on the ground floor of the Catholic digital information explosion, having been the writer for the very popular and hard-hitting blog, Holy Smoke.
As noted here before, the information democracy of the Internet has largely served the interests of the more conservative minded, both within the Church and in the secular world, because the mainstream media (secular and Catholic) has long been dominated by the left. Thompson acknowledges this, and accurately situates the new informational freedom in the context of Benedict XVI’s reform of the reform. With papal power behind doctrinal and liturgical reform as well as unrestricted access to the public through the blogosphere, a large sector of the Church, formerly marginalized, now had an opportunity to further what they saw as the true Church’s agenda. Continue reading →
First Things just posted an excellent post by William Doino, “The Pope’s True Agenda.” It is necessary reading, because it it is a well documented piece showing that Pope Francis doesn’t fit into any of the boxes partisans wish to put him in. He is not a liberal, nor a conservative, but a Catholic. Thank God for Bill Doino’s courage.
It strikes me as a bit ironic, especially among those concerned about orthodoxy, that even as people eschew labels and generalizations, they attempt to pigeonhole Francis. I recently read a post by a well-known theologian, who while admitting he ordinarily argues against the use of labels, decided to use the tags “liberal” and “conservative” just one time in defense of Francis. Continue reading →
The Year of faith has just ended with the proclamation “Christ is the center of the history of humanity and also the center of the history of every individual.” And today Pope Francis has released his first Apostolic Exhortation in which he encourages us to create the conditions in which all men may find Christ in an “event,” a personal encounter capable of bringing a “new horizon and a decisive direction.” Both Benedict and Francis have invested much in this event of the encounter with Christ, and have proposed it as the way that supersedes all ethical choices and lofty ideas. This is the new evangelization.
With this post I would like to examine a specific problem regarding the reception of Pope Francis’ teaching. Unfortunately, some have already pigeonholed Pope Francis as a liberal and are poised to parse his every word in that light. I would suggest his teaching ought to be approached not simply through an assessment of “lofty ideas,” but as an encounter—a personal opportunity in the here and now to accept a transformative grace. It is too soon for me to write anything in depth about the Apostolic Exhortation, but not too soon to suggest a manner of reception that will prove to be fruitful. And for that we need to avoid a serious pitfall. Continue reading → | <urn:uuid:099b9dd7-1354-417e-96fa-b5e0368597de> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://maryvictrix.com/tag/conservatives/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.96878 | 646 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Who are Content creators?
Content creators can be defined as a group of individuals or a person who work towards developing materials which can be either educational or even for the purpose of entertainment that is expressed by using the mediums of audio or visual. The role of these content creators is to ensure that the general consumers are being informed about something new but in an entertaining method.
It is important to highlight that when it comes to developing content in the current world most of them are created digitally. This may be conducted in the form of creating content and uploading it to various social media channels such as that of Facebook, Instagram or YouTube. It can also be in the form of audio where using the means of podcast it becomes possible to develop engaging content that will be of interest to the listeners.
In simple terms, individuals or an individual were working towards creating content that is appealing and interesting to the viewers, which in turn provides them with the ability to increase the total number of viewership and followers on these social media platforms.
Modern technologies that helps in making content attractive
It is important to highlight that to make the content developed by content creators to be more attractive to the consumers it is important for them to start using modern technologies that will ensure that the end result is attractive and enlightening to the consumers. The most used technologies in the current market of content creation involves the use of Artificial Intelligence and machine learning along with edge computing and also the internet of things. These are the most used Technologies amongst several others as it helps in developing engaging content by content creators.
Through the use of these Technologies it becomes possible for these content creators to not only develop a strong market for their products or services, and develop a forum that will help other Institutions promote their product. Using this method it becomes possible to develop demand in the market and also help state information about the same product to the consumer’s within a short period of time.
For example, say a new entrepreneur is entering the market with the sole objective of selling online courses to interested individuals. The major objective of the Entrepreneur is towards making their online course selling website to be popular. In this situation, the content creator will develop content surrounding the product that will be sold. in this way it will become possible for the viewers and Consumers to be aware of the same product and thereby create demand in the market for the same.
Contribution of Content Creators
Content creation became more popular in the last few years especially after it became easy for individuals to have access to cheap internet along with their availability of Smartphones. The following method gained more popularity. It was found that content creators are able to generate income from quality content developed by them.
As a result, content creators started making use of modern technologies such as that of Artificial Intelligence and virtual reality along with 3D technology that provided a new dimension to the content and made it all the more attractive and also engaging. It was found that consumers loved content that provided them with information and allowed them to spend that time effectively.
The contribution provided by content creators has been significant over the past few years, especially pertaining to the fact that it has been successful in easily connecting individuals to one another. It has also helped in increasing business of the producers by helping them connect with the consumer’s directly. For example, when entrepreneurs were working towards developing a platform to create and sell online courses, through the help of popular content creators it became possible for the entrepreneurs to easily advertise their online courses and thereby generate demand in the market.
Moreover, content creation has also enabled the youth of today to find effective means of income by using these social media channels. This showcase is how online content has brought about changes in the economy as a whole.
It can therefore be concluded that content creators have a lot of advantages present provided they have the knowledge of the different modern technologies and how to use them. through the use of this technology it becomes possible for them to better serve the customers and help individuals connect with one another. | <urn:uuid:7f39b78c-b2f4-4687-92ac-79856cf00fc7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://famavip.com/how-can-content-creators-make-use-of-modern-tech-to-make-their-content-more-attractive/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.961543 | 808 | 2.734375 | 3 |
With the 15th Conference of the Parties (COP 15) to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the global community wants to make a new attempt to halt the rapid and dramatic loss of ecosystems, species and genetic diversity, or biodiversity.
On October 11th, the COP 15 will be officially opened in Kunming, China. A high-level event and a political declaration are on the agenda. The event, which will be held online, is the first of a two-part process on which the international community and the Chinese government have agreed after a long delay.
The COP 15, which should have taken place already in October 2020, was postponed several times due to the pandemic. As currently planned, the second part of the COP 15 will then be held as an in-person meeting in the second quarter of 2022. The Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, which the CBD member states have been negotiating since 2018, is to be adopted there.
- Part I: Biodiversity under pressure
- Part II: Scope for improvement in the biodiversity debate
- Conclusion: We need a change of course!
While the political debate on biodiversity lags behind the climate issue by at least eight to ten years, there are now more and more people from the scientific community and civil society as well as policymakers who speak of the massive loss of biodiversity, ecosystems and genetic diversity in the same breath as of the threats of catastrophic climate change – and rightly so. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has given additional impetus to the debate and brought home to us in an unprecedented way the risks that the massive destruction of nature and the illegal wildlife trade – and, not least, industrial factory farming – are driving.
2020 was to have been the international community’s Super Year for Nature and Biodiversity. Following the expiry of the Aichi Biodiversity Targets, the international community was slated to reach a new UN-wide agreement with a binding target framework to halt biodiversity loss in Kunming in October 2020.
After several postponements, the second quarter of 2022 has now been set as the date for the signing of such a UN “Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework”. Some see this as a “Paris moment” for biodiversity and hope for an agreement comparable to the Paris climate agreement. Despite its great success and the binding targets set out there, however, the Paris agreement relies on self-commitment in implementation, in which governments are currently failing on a grand scale. Moreover, in view of the growing political interest in the topic, others observe an increasing influence of lobbying by industry or even a creeping corporate takeover of the CBD.
One thing is clear: Biodiversity needs protection. Unsustainable exploitation must be stopped and the benefits derived from its use must be equitably distributed. But what exactly is driving biodiversity loss? Which actors and institutions are engaged in the debate and what are their positions? What is the CBD negotiating and which areas of conflict are emerging? We want to provide an overview of these issues with this article. While it does not claim to be exhaustive, it essentially covers the topics to which the Heinrich Böll Foundation has the most to contribute globally. It is an annotated collection of material intended to encourage further reading, your own research and involvement.
What is at stake globally?
On September 15, 2020, the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) published the Global Biodiversity Outlook (GBO-5). This report assesses the achievement of the Aichi Biodiversity Targets set by the international community in 2010 for the protection of biodiversity – the diversity of ecosystems, species and genes – by 2020. It is based on a number of indicators, research studies and assessments (in particular the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services of the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, IBPES) as well as the national reports of countries on the implementation of the CBD.
The result is devastating: The global loss of biodiversity has not been halted – on the contrary, worldwide species extinction has actually accelerated. The state of nature has deteriorated dramatically over the last ten years. The global community has not achieved any of the 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets, and only six have seen a degree of progress.
The above-mentioned first Global Assessment Report of the IPBES comprehensively described the state of our ecosystems and their biodiversity in May 2019, and for the first time included knowledge, innovations and customs of indigenous peoples and local communities.
This analysis also confirmed that biodiversity is in a dramatically poor state:
- Up to one million species are threatened with extinction, many of them within the next few decades.
- The rate of extinction today is at least ten to one hundred times higher than the average over the past ten million years.
- Over half of all living coral has disappeared since 1870.
- Global forest area is down to 68 percent compared to the pre-industrial era.
- 75 percent of the land surface and 66 percent of the ocean area have been altered by human influence.
- More than 85 percent of wetlands have been lost in the past 300 years.
The five direct drivers of these changes, ranked by impact level, are changed land and ocean use, direct exploitation of organisms, climate change, pollution and invasive species. They result from a number of underlying causes, the indirect drivers. These, in turn, are determined by societal values and behaviors such as production and consumption patterns, population dynamics and trends, trade, technological innovation, and politics – from local to global.
The Assessment Report highlights the urgency of addressing the main drivers of biodiversity loss at all levels and provides concrete recommendations for action and levers for policymakers. So far, governments have failed to tackle the drivers: Over-intensive use of land and the oceans continues and the catastrophic effects of the man-made climate crisis on ecosystems are intensifying. Pollution has increased and the immigration of invasive species is on the rise. Global agriculture in particular operates at the expense of biodiversity, climate, groundwater and soil fertility, thereby destroying the foundations on which its future depends.
According to the GBO-5 report, approximately 100 billion dollars annually are invested worldwide in agricultural subsidies that harm biodiversity. Harmful fishing subsidies are also listed. Fossil fuels, which continue to drive the climate crisis and thus pose a major threat to biodiversity, are currently subsidized to the tune of around 500 billion dollars per year. These ongoing nature-damaging subsidies are destroying biodiversity with public funds, even though alternatives exist. EU agricultural policy is just one sad example of this. The Agriculture Atlas shows how EU agricultural policy could be designed differently.
The recently published State of the World’s Trees Report, the most comprehensive global assessment of the state of our trees to date, comes to a sobering conclusion: Between one-third and one-half of the world’s wild tree species are threatened with extinction. That amounts to 29.9 percent of the world’s 58,497 known tree species. However, the percentage of endangered species is likely to be even higher, as another 7.1 percent were classified as “possibly threatened” and 21.6 percent were data-deficient or not evaluated. Only 41.5 percent were classified as “not threatened”. Once again, agriculture is the main cause of extinction.
Our soils are also in an alarming state: Deforestation, fires and intensive agriculture, but also over-fertilization, pollution and urbanization are taking their toll. These factors not only affect soil biodiversity, but also other important functions such as water storage, extreme-weather resilience through erosion protection, absorption of water to reduce flooding, protection against drought, fertility and climate protection through topsoil build-up.
The reasons for and consequences of the lack of protection of areas significant for biodiversity are described in the GBP-5 report. Many such significant areas are not protected at all, both on land and in the oceans, or have protections that only exist on paper. Furthermore, large areas would need to be restored to a near-natural state to become more resilient to climate change impacts such as global heating and extreme weather events.
What is the state of biodiversity in Germany?
It is not surprising that the current state of biodiversity in Germany is alarming: One out of every three animal and plant species in Germany is endangered, and two thirds of all habitats are threatened. The situation is particularly dramatic for insects and other invertebrates: Almost 46 percent of the species studied are threatened, extremely rare or extinct. In addition, the biomass of insects is plummeting. Just 6.3 percent of Germany’s area consists of nature reserves, and some cases those exist only on paper.
Things also look bleak for the German seas: They are filled with trash and suffer from the massive input of fertilizers, pesticides and other toxins from agriculture and industry. Sand and gravel mining, noise pollution and drilling or exploration for oil and gas also threaten marine life. The biggest driver of biodiversity loss, however, is the fishing industry, with its continuous overfishing and decimation of other species, some of them endangered, as bycatch.
With regard to protecting the nature of the North and Baltic Seas, the German government has failed across the board. Most of the marine protected areas (flora-fauna-habitat protection areas) are located in the exclusive economic zones (EEZ) of the North and Baltic Seas. These areas experience extensive fishing, the extraction of raw materials such as oil, natural gas, sand and gravel, dense shipping traffic and military exercises, without any consideration for the protected areas.
All of this despite the fact that, in 2007, the government adopted an ambitious National Strategy on Biological Diversity to implement the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, with the declared aim of halting the loss of biodiversity in Germany. The strategy contains a total of 330 goals and around 430 measures, which – while actually purposeful – have only been implemented half-heartedly. Agricultural policy continues to rely on destructive industrial agriculture, natural habitats and ecosystems are falling victim to new land use plans, and existing tools for more nature conservation are not being used by the relevant federal government departments. In addition, there is a lack of political will, funding and personnel.
In 2016, formal infringement proceedings were initiated against Germany for inadequate implementation of EU directives on bird protection and flora-fauna-habitat (FFH) protected areas on land and in the sea. In 2017, ten years after the National Strategy was adopted, German nature conservation associations urgently called for a reversal of the trend with a 10-Point Plan for Biodiversity reflecting the ten central fields of action of the 2020 Nature Conservation Offensive.
But as of 2021, Germany still has not yet met its European and international obligations to halt biodiversity loss.
In June 2021, the German nature conservation organizations addressed policymakers with specific core demands for nature conservation policy to finally stop the dramatic loss of diversity of species and habitats in Germany and beyond, and to protect natural resources and use them sustainably. To this end, Germany must, on the one hand, take action within a new post-2020 CBD framework and, on the other, achieve an ambitious implementation of the National Strategy on Biodiversity. Among other things, this will require the development of an action plan with concrete targets for 2030 and measures for all federal ministries. The Federal Agency for Nature Conservation has stated that the new post-2020 national biodiversity strategy will be based on the strategic guidelines of the CBD post-2020 framework. In addition, the new EU biodiversity strategy for 2030 approved by the EU Environment Council in October 2020 (see below) is to be considered in the further development of the German National Biodiversity Strategy.
Harmful land use policy as a driver of biodiversity loss
Land is a very limited resource and demand is growing everywhere for transport infrastructure, residential areas and industrial sites, as well as for food, feed, agrofuels, and biomass for chemical products and textiles. The various uses of land are increasingly competing with one another. While cities today occupy only one to two percent of the Earth’s surface, by 2050 they will occupy about four to five percent, an increase from 250 to 420 million hectares. Agricultural land must give way; its loss is compensated for by clearing forests and grasslands. From 1961 to 2007, the world’s arable land expanded by around 11 percent, or 150 million hectares. If today’s demand for agricultural products continues to grow unchanged, additional agricultural land somewhere between 320 and 850 million hectares would have to be developed by 2050. The lower value corresponds to the size of India, the higher to that of Brazil.
With the increasing demand, tensions between different user groups are increasing. Land is an attractive economic asset for investors – an increasingly scarce one with good returns. But land is also needed by the world’s more than 500 million smallholder farmers, pastoralists and indigenous peoples to earn a living. In addition, it has an identity-forming, cultural and sometimes spiritual value, particularly in indigenous regions. Especially in deeply indebted countries with weak or nonexistent legal systems, in which access to land is of fundamental importance for smallholders, individual or collective rights of ownership and use are violated again and again. (The Voluntary Guidelines on Tenure and other such frameworks address this issue.)
But it is not only competition for access to land that is intensifying; the negative impacts on ecosystems are also increasing. Profit-oriented companies in particular pay little attention to whether the quality, diversity and fertility of a landscape is maintained when using the land. However, the more intensive the agricultural use, the more negative the ecological consequences, especially the loss of biodiversity above and within the soil.
Every year, about 13 million hectares of forest are cleared; of the world’s primary forests, nearly 40 million hectares have disappeared since 2000. Fertile soils are being lost, deserts are spreading, and greenhouse gases that have been stored in the soil for millennia are being released into the atmosphere.
Despite all these developments, many governments in industrialized countries are now touting new growth potential in a “bioeconomy”, in which renewable raw materials are to replace fossil fuels. This is the reversal of the “Green Revolution”: Land-intensive products are now supposed to replace crude oil. This growth strategy would undo all the equity, biodiversity, and climate goals that governments have agreed to in recent decades.
According to a report by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the limit of ecologically sustainable land use will have been reached by 2020, assuming an unchanged rate of increase. Global land consumption, especially by the EU and the USA, must not be allowed to increase any further. With 1.4 billion hectares of global arable land, this leaves each individual human 2,000 square meters with which to satisfy his or her food needs.
But there is another way: One example of how climate protection and biodiversity conservation can be cleverly addressed together is the rewetting of peatlands.
What is actually happening at the EU level?
The conservation and restoration of biodiversity are high on the EU’s political agenda as core elements of the European Green Deal. The EU has a lot of catching up to do in this area – past goals have consistently been missed. Three strategy papers are now supposed to change this – first and foremost the biodiversity strategy, but also the “Farm to Fork” and forest strategies. Yet contradictions, resistance and counterstrategies to the noble goals they spell out can be found in other policy fields.
On May 20, 2020, the European Commission published a new EU biodiversity strategy. A key goal of the new strategy is to put at least 30 percent of the EU’s land and 30 percent of its sea area under protection and to restore degraded ecosystems by 2030. Other goals include more sustainable fisheries and greener urban areas. The new biodiversity strategy aims to enable change and mobilize 20 billion euros annually from various sources. At the global level, the EU intends to take a leading role in the protection of biodiversity.
The European Union’s food policy strategy is called “Farm to Fork” and was presented on the same day as the biodiversity strategy. It is intended to make the entire food system more sustainable. To this end, it sets targets in key areas, primarily to reduce the ecologically problematic effects of industrial agriculture. For example, the use of pesticides is to be halved by 2030 and the use of synthetic fertilizers reduced by 20 percent. Organic farming is to expand to a quarter of agricultural land. The systematic building of soil biodiversity and topsoil on all farmland and grassland also needs to be urgently addressed.
Intact forests are also central to biodiversity (as well as to mitigation and adaptation to the climate crisis), but the EU’s forests are in a poor state. The EU has large areas of forest, and if it does not conserve them, it cannot be a credible actor in calling for less deforestation on the world stage. Protecting, restoring and sustainably managing forests in the EU and ensuring their multifunctionality is the focus of the new EU Forest Strategy 2030 (July 2021). After strong reactions from the forestry industry as well as from the agriculture ministers from eleven EU countries, the strategy turned out to be less ambitious than initially planned by the Commission. While it does include some steps to better monitor and manage forests, it cannot address the demand for wood that has already come about as a result of the Renewable Energy Directive and the additional threat of depletion if wood is burned on an industrial scale in formerly coal-fired power plants.
While European Commission strategies are not binding per se, they can contain individual targets and proposed legislation that become binding. It is therefore now up to the Commission to flesh out the strategies with concrete legislative proposals, which the member states must then support and implement. The implementation also depends on international partners. When it comes to the “Farm to Fork” strategy in particular, resistance is mounting and alliances that are more focused on productivity gains and technology are taking shape, led by the United States.
The success of the aforementioned strategies also depends to a large extent on the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU (CAP). Despite the CAP’s central role in achieving the EU’s climate and environmental goals, its recent reform is not aligned with the goals of the European Green Deal: In October 2020, both the European Parliament and the European Council voted against an explicit integration of these goals into the CAP for the period up to 2027. Even after the reform, the CAP continues to be based primarily on flat-rate direct payments, and with the CAP compromise the EU institutions are spending a third of the EU budget on a policy that is clearly incompatible with the Green Deal. While the broad framework is set by the EU, the CAP reform stipulates that the individual member states are to draw up their national strategic plans and decide what contribution they will make to achieving the EU targets. In the agricultural sector, it is thus now largely up to the member states not only to announce ambitious goals at national level, but also to implement effective measures that are in line with the requirements of the EU’s Green Deal.
The EU must also make its trade policy more consistent with the objectives of the above strategies. As the largest single market in the world, the EU can set international standards. The EU should ensure that products it imports fully comply with EU standards, for example with regard to the use of pesticides. The European Parliament and civil society are already exerting pressure with regard to this issue. Double standards must be eliminated, not only for environmental reasons, but also to avoid exposing local food systems to unfair competition. In the trade sector, the European Commission is also taking initial steps in on the issue of deforestation: For example, it will propose legislation to ensure deforestation-free supply chains before the end of 2021. This reflects the EU’s responsibility as the second largest importer of products that cause deforestation. At this stage, it is still unclear whether the new regulation will include goods produced in areas of high biodiversity such as wetlands and savannahs, or whether human rights abuses related to deforestation will be adequately addressed. Supply chain legislation at the EU, but also the national level, affects ecology and human rights throughout the supply chain. Transparency is a first step, but only by incorporating the polluter-pays principle will prices reflect the products’ environmental and human rights toll.
In the following section, we will highlight some key areas of policy conflict in the global biodiversity debate along four theses. We would like to give the theses a common framework that also reflects the direction of our political work in this field: We need progressive and courageous rights-based policies that take a unified view of the various crises and thereby contribute to truly just solutions without creating illusionary dead ends or false solutions.
Thesis 1: A unified concept for climate protection and biodiversity protection is needed, especially regarding land use
In (international) climate policy, approaches are often proposed that are not actual solutions or that would exacerbate other, no less important crises. These false solutions are mainly promoted by actors in the fossil fuel and other climate-damaging industries. The same increasingly holds true in the current hype about nature-based solutions (NBS) and the geoengineering approaches we have long criticized.
“Nature-based solutions” can mean just about anything – and the vagueness of the term is an invitation to greenwashing and corporate capture. The term theoretically includes, on the one hand, sensible, ecosystem-based approaches such as protecting, regenerating, and carefully restoring natural ecosystems. All of this can – and should – be done with the involvement of local people, while respecting human and land rights and ensuring social justice.
Geoengineering drives the problem of reductionist, CO2-centric thinking one step further. Geoengineering involves using technology to intervene on a large scale in the environment, or more precisely in the climate system and other global ecosystems and cycles, in order – or so its proponents argue – to mitigate the symptoms of the climate crisis. More background on nature-based solutions and conflicts that arise in the interplay of land use, climate protection and biodiversity can be found in our article “5 years later – Happy Birthday, Paris Agreement?” and on the website of the Climate Land Ambition Rights Alliance.
Thesis 2: Nature must not be economized and financialized
The increasing use of market mechanisms in nature conservation, which is meeting with ever broader interest and acceptance in business and politics, is undermining nature conservation instead of strengthening it. Biodiversity offsetting, for example, allows companies to bypass legal protection of the very areas that are of economic interest to them in exchange for the promise to offset biodiversity loss by taking action elsewhere. The destruction of biodiversity is legitimized because the causer of unavoidable damage can compensate for it through nature conservation and landscape management measures (compensatory measures) or offset it in some other way (substitute measures). Whether such measures are actually effective will only become apparent after decades. The many documented failures of reforestation programs should be a warning here: No economically rational investor would want to make such an uncertain investment. Offsetting promises are unsound even for reasons inherent to the economic system itself. The developments of recent years in this area thus show that we do not need a valorization, but rather an appreciation of nature.
Valorization plays into the hands of corporations and governments around the world: On paper, biodiversity is protected, but in reality, profitable large-scale projects are implemented that usually irreversibly destroy nature. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the number of countries that have included offsetting measures or comparable approaches to biodiversity loss in their nature conservation legislation has almost doubled since the turn of the millennium. The International Finance Corporation (IFC) – the part of the World Bank Group that specializes in promoting private enterprise – is among the most active supporters of biodiversity loss offset instruments. It can finance private-sector projects even if they destroy land that the World Bank defines as “critical habitat” for biodiversity conservation. Because many rivers are already dammed and many habitats that are particularly rich in biodiversity and mineral resources have already been destroyed for the mining of coveted ores and metals, new projects by mining corporations and the hydropower industry are increasingly affecting critical habitats. IFC financing is often indispensable for the overall financing of a project, leading mining, oil and gas, and hydropower companies to show particular interest in biodiversity loss offsets.
Our New Economy of Nature dossier describes these offset mechanisms and other instruments, explains the terms and approaches, and lists numerous example projects. Further information related to the dossier is available here.
“The Economics of Biodiversity: The Dasgupta Review”, a report assessing the economics of biodiversity by Prof. Sir Partha Dasgupta, was published in February 2021. It was commissioned by the UK Treasury and supported by an advisory panel of policymakers, academics, economists, financiers and business leaders. Given the negative impact of economic activities on nature, the report recommends that economic success be redefined and measured differently than in the past in order to protect both our prosperity and nature and to ensure that economic success is sustainable. Based on a deep understanding of ecosystem processes and how they are influenced by economic activities, the publication presents a new framework that does not aim for an “either-or” approach, but shows how nature can be taken into account in economic decision-making processes. The report also cites the IPBES Global Assessment and the IPBES Assessment Report on Land Degradation and Restoration. In addition to the full report, an abridged version and a summary of headline messages are available. Critiques of the Dasgupta Review have been published by the Green Finance Observatory among others.
A comprehensive collection of materials on offsetting, land use and climate protection is also provided by the Net Zero Files.
Thesis 3: Focus on fundamental rights of people and nature and protect them consistently
Biodiversity means diversity of ecosystems, species and genes.. The approach that still occupies the most space in the debate on appropriate strategies to protect this diversity is the establishment of protected areas. But what exactly does this mean and why does such an approach – which at first glance looks very plausible – create so much conflict and resistance?
To this end, it is worth taking a closer look at the historical and currently prevailing discourses on biodiversity conservation. The assumption of classical conservation was that human activities (other than tourism), and especially the use of biodiversity, ultimately destroy nature. Therefore, nature must be defended against humans. Protected areas are needed, with fences and (military) guards if necessary. Nowadays, this is often referred to as “fortress conservation”.
While most intact ecosystems are demonstrably located outside of state-established protected areas, it took a long time for the Conferences of the Parties to the CBD to recognize conservation concepts outside of protected areas, including those being sustainably used by and under effective control of indigenous peoples and local communities. These are known as “other effective area-based conservation measures”, (OECMs):
“A geographically defined area other than a Protected Area, which is governed and managed in ways that achieve positive and sustained long-term outcomes for the in-situ conservation of biodiversity, with associated ecosystem functions and services and where applicable, cultural, spiritual, socio–economic, and other locally relevant values.”
In the CBD discussion on a post-2020 agreement, the target of placing 30 percent of land and sea area under protection by 2030 is the subject of a heated debate. In the current first draft of the agreement, Target 3 states:
“Ensure that at least 30 percent globally of land areas and of sea areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and its contributions to people, are conserved through effectively and equitably managed, ecologically representative and well-connected systems of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures, and integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes.“
For some, however, this does not go far enough. The Half-Earth Project demands: “to protect half the land and sea in order to manage sufficient habitat to reverse the species extinction crisis and ensure the long-term health of our planet.”
A good overview of the criticism of the 30 by 30 (i.e., 30 percent protected areas by 2030) approach has been written by Friedrich Wulf of ProNatura in Switzerland. The key questions from his point of view: „What do we mean by ‘protected areas’? Where should those protected areas come from? If it is true that these would cause ‘limited human impacts’, does this not increase the pressure on the remaining 70 per cent? And what does the designation of protected areas mean for the people who live there?“
Survival International provides an even more profound critique of the “conservation versus people” approach, including the Our Land Our Nature Congress, which is designed to be an alternative event to the IUCN Congress in Marseille that explicitly advocates the decolonization of nature conservation: “Experience makes clear that these plans [i.e. 30 percent protected areas and an approach using nature-based solutions] will lead to even more human rights violations and to the biggest land grab in history, perpetuated at the expense of those who are least responsible for these crises – Indigenous Peoples, who already protect 80 percent of the world’s biodiversity, and other local peoples, predominantly in the global South. By far the most effective and just way to fight against biodiversity loss and climate change is to recognize the rights of Indigenous Peoples to their lands, and put them at the heart of conservation and climate action. This fact is acknowledged in many policies and declarations, but action “on the ground” continues to dispossess and mistreat them.”
So it is not so much about putting up fences as it is about recognizing and protecting fundamental rights. The same conclusion was reached by the UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights and the Environment, who has also published a thematic report on biodiversity. It is also a great and rare stroke of luck that in August 2021, the office of the UN Human Rights Council issued a policy brief from its Special Rapporteur on Human Rights and the Environment. With detailed source references to all UN human rights declarations and conventions and past and present violations in the protected-area sector, it calls for consideration of the rights of indigenous peoples, Afro-descendants, local communities, peasants, women and youth living in rural areas, and environmental/human rights defenders.
Against this background, various actors (including our partner organization Natural Justice) are also calling for an explicit rights-based approach for the new post-2030 agreement (a more detailed analysis of human rights in the post-2020 framework can be found here).
Major foundations have also joined the chorus of those who want to finally resolve the smoldering conflicts between environmental protection and human rights with a joint letter to the CBD: „[...] in light of the history of the ‘protected areas’ approach, Target 3 is likely to be interpreted and implemented in ways that will lead to further human rights violations against Indigenous Peoples and local communities across the globe, and will be counter-productive to achieving the conservation goals we all share. [...] Administration of protected areas has often been organized around a problematic goal of separating human beings and nature. That paradigm is a Euro-American notion associated with the industrial decimation of ecosystems in Europe before colonialism exported it throughout the world, applying it to inhabited, ecologically intact places that were redefined as ‘wilderness.’ This approach plays out today as “fortress conservation” and has been used to justify land grabbing and displacement of Indigenous Peoples and local communities from their ancestral homelands.“
One can also ask oneself: Why only protect 30 or 50 percent? In a recent statement, for example, indigenous groups called for 80 percent of the Amazon to be placed under lasting protection by 2025 – a demand that has since been endorsed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
The multi-layered criticism of the 30-percent or 50-percent targets also clarifies the alternative concept: Defending the land and resource rights of indigenous peoples and local communities is the most effective measure to protect nature and biodiversity! This approach is well spelled out, for example, in the above-mentioned letter from the foundations and also as a “Shared Earth” approach in a recent article by African experts.
The available data on the role of land rights and indigenous protection for climate and biodiversity is also very good. The Climate Land Ambition Rights Alliance (CLARA) considers this in their Missing Pathways report on 1.5°C: “Securing community land rights represents an effective, efficient and equitable climate action that governments can undertake to protect the world’s forests. Protecting forests while allowing for indigenous and community-based forest management to provide biodiversity, food security, and carbon sequestration benefits is an urgent first step in ending deforestation and restoring forests’ historical role as net forest ‘sink’.”
And the 2021 "Territories of Life" report of the ICCA consortium states: „Supporting Indigenous peoples and local communities to secure their collective lands and territories of life and a minimum bundle of rights is arguably a key ‘missing link’ in global commitments and national level implementation. Of particular importance are the rights to self-determination, governance systems, cultures and ways of life, and rights to access information, access justice and participate in relevant decision-making processes.“
However, it is also clear that the existing legal framework for protecting biodiversity is far from sufficient. At the following points, exciting debates are taking place about a further development that would also have a direct impact on the protection of biological diversity:
The right to a healthy and sustainable environment is found in numerous national constitutions and regional agreements, but has not yet been established in and of itself as a specific human right at the UN level. Numerous demands for this to be remedied quickly have come from the Right to a Healthy Environment Coalition and others.
The demand for the explicit recognition of the rights of nature – in the context of the CBD and elsewhere - goes a step further. Ultimately, the goal is to develop a legal framework that is not only human-centric, but also ecocentric, and that sees people as part of nature. The Global Alliance for the Rights of Nature (GARN) has good information on this topic.
Yet another idea starts with criminal law and calls for the recognition of ecocide as a crime at the International Criminal Court. A renowned panel of experts recently presented a legal definition: “Ecocide” means unlawful or wanton acts committed with knowledge that there is a substantial likelihood of severe and either widespread or long-term damage to the environment being caused by those acts.”
Thesis 4: New technologies require a forward-looking, transparent and democratic technology assessment that takes the precautionary principle seriously, and the consistent implementation of all three goals of the CBD
The CBD has a long history of dealing with new and emerging technologies. It has distinguished itself in the past by establishing moratoria and instruments of technology assessment and, above all, it has consistently implemented the precautionary principle – for example, in the case of the so-called Terminator seeds and on the subject of geoengineering, but also on issues related to the management of genetically modified trees and agrofuels.
But when it comes to the topic of synthetic biology – i.e. the “new genetic technologies” – this CBD approach is subject to extremely high lobbying pressure. Biotechnology companies, the governments of the countries where they have their headquarters, and private actors such as the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation are doing everything they can to stop further regulation.
Some of the biggest disputes in the CBD on this are currently taking place at these levels:
Gene drives: The campaign organization Save Our Seeds describes the dangers of “gene drive” technology as follows: “Enabled by a new tool for genetic engineering called CRISPR/Cas, sexually reproducing animals and plants can be genetically manipulated in a way as to pass on a new trait to all their offspring – even if this trait proves to be fatal for them. This overrides the natural rules of evolution. This mechanism is then repeated independently in each new generation, resulting in a risky and uncontrollable genetic chain reaction. Gene Drive Organisms are supposed to replace or even exterminate their conspecifics in nature. Their future release could have unforeseeable and irreversible consequences for ecosystems and food webs. In the worst case, this could lead to further species extinction and the collapse of entire ecosystems, as well as endangering human health and food security.”
Gene drives are to be used in nature conservation to eradicate invasive species, for example. Save Our Seeds, the Heinrich Böll Foundation and many others are calling for a global moratorium on the release of gene drives. Save Our Seeds compiled the relevant arguments and facts in a recent comprehensive brochure. We have documented how difficult the last attempt for such a moratorium was in 2016 and 2018 at the last COPs in our dossier and elsewhere.
The pro-gene drives lobby is now pursuing the strategy of making gene drives acceptable as genetic engineering in the service of nature conservation via the IUCN as well. ENSSER provides a critical assessment of the IUCN report on gene drives. In September 2021, the IUCN called for a three-year discussion process on this issue. Save Our Seeds reported: “In adopting Resolution 075 at the IUCN World Congress in Marseille, IUCN members recognized that there are major data and knowledge gaps, as well as unresolved ethical, social, cultural and environmental issues related to the use of technologies currently being developed to genetically modify wild species.”
Another topic related to new technologies is currently of great concern to the CBD, as it directly and immediately affects one of the CBD’s three objectives: The question of access and equitable benefit sharing in the use of genetic resources.
Digitization is also having an impact on biodiversity: With the help of new sequencing techniques and advances in data processing, it has become much faster and cheaper to virtually transcend national borders and record the DNA of countless species and genetic varieties within species in huge databases – a scenario that was difficult to imagine just a few years ago. This data, called Digital Sequence Information (DSI), represents a treasure trove for corporations and powerful players who use algorithms to mine it for commercially viable combinations and “recipes” for new species and varieties (which in turn can be “built” from scratch using synthetic biology).
While some are working on an Earth Bank of Codes, others fear a whole new level of extractivist exploitation of the global South, including the patenting and privatization of life. Christiane Grefe has analyzed who the winners and losers will be in this new run on resources in this article (in German) for our Böll.Thema on biodiversity.
DSI may yet emerge as one of the big showdown issues of COP 15. This is due to the threat it poses of bypassing the rules of the Nagoya Protocol, which date back to a time when genetic information had to be transported across physical borders in the form of plant or animal material. Without the application of the Nagoya Protocol, however, the resource-rich countries of the global South fear that they will no longer benefit from the profits of the biodiversity business at all – even though the equitable sharing of the benefits of biodiversity is one of the three goals of the CBD.
Politically, the following questions need to be addressed: How is the data made available and who can access it – is it open access? Who will be able to use it? Who gets the patents and who pockets the profits made from this data? How can tracing the genetic resource back to its origin be technically realized? What role can a multilateral system play in equitable benefit sharing?
Whether the CBD will succeed in staying ahead of the game in identifying potential hazards posed by new technologies in the future will be determined, among other things, by the extent to which it succeeds in anchoring the topic of horizon scanning and technology assessment in the post-2020 agreement.
In an analysis written by the journalist Kathrin Hartmann, “Verraten und Verkauft” (in German), Greenpeace shows that instruments for global nature conservation, which were previously touted as of key importance by many, have failed. In summary, it states that certifications, CO2 offsetting and the establishment of nature reserves were unable to effectively combat either the extinction of species or the climate crisis.
Approaches that essentially serve the profit interests of corporations and hope for their voluntary understanding and compliance are just as unhelpful as measures that marginalize, expel and criminalize precisely those people who make the most important contribution to the conservation of biodiversity.
In December 2020, fifty of the world’s leading biodiversity and climate experts selected by a 12-member IPBES and IPCC scientific steering committee took part in a four-day virtual workshop to explore the synergies and trade-offs between biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation/adaptation. This was the first-ever collaboration between these two important intergovernmental bodies and the result is worth reading.
It is becoming clearer and clearer: A great deal of overlap can be found not only in the key drivers of climate change and biodiversity loss: The real solutions that address the root causes are also largely the same for the climate and biodiversity crises. Key strategies include overcoming the focus on economic growth, getting out of the extractive economy – leaving fossil fuels in the ground, transforming industrial agriculture and strengthening agroecology, curbing corporate power, and protecting the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities, to name just a few.
The scientific consensus has long been established. What is lacking is the political will and a policy that consistently considers and shapes the protection of biodiversity in the sense of a “whole of government” and “whole of society” approach in all policy areas. Here, lessons – both positive and negative – must be learned from the climate crisis, climate policy and climate movement, because we don’t have time for fundamental errors. Too much is at stake.
The authors would like to thank Christine von Weizsäcker for valuable feedback and suggestions.
This article was first published in German on boell.de.
The paramount importance of ecosystems to the Convention, articulated and adopted early in the “ecosystems approach”, gives an early rebuff to storing genetic diversity in freezers and focusing on pandas, zoos, and botanical gardens as the focus of conservation action.
Territories of life, also known as ICCAs in some contexts (TICCA in Spanish; APAC in French), are territories and areas protected by indigenous peoples and local communities. They are as diverse as the peoples and communities that shape and sustain them through their unique cultures, governance systems and practices. | <urn:uuid:d30b0ed5-98de-4404-825e-1b90f541f291> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://eu.boell.org/en/2021/10/12/saving-biodiversity?dimension1=ecology | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.947175 | 8,924 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Kuala Lumpur Airport hosts roadshow to raise awareness of wildlife trafficking by air
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 22nd November 2017—The message that passengers, airports and airlines can play major role in combatting wildlife trafficking was shared with thousands of travellers and flight crew at a recent roadshow at the Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA), which has seen dozens of wildlife seizures in the past year.
This message was delivered through the Anti Human & Wildlife Trafficking Roadshow, organized by Malaysia Aviation Group (MAG) which includes the country’s flagship airline Malaysia Airlines Berhad. The roadshow was held with the support of Malaysia Airports Berhad, which manages KLIA. TRAFFIC was among exhibitors at the three-day event.
The roadshow was marked by the Group’s announcement that it had taken on a zero-tolerance policy against wildlife trafficking and would continue to reinforce its role by helping to shut down illegal wildlife trafficking by air.
The airline, a signatory to the Buckingham Declaration, has so far engaged 4000 staff on wildlife trafficking issues. It also engages passengers and travellers on the topic through anti-wildlife trafficking messages on all countertop check-in posters and awareness videos on their in-flight entertainment systems.
Next month, the airline will host TRAFFIC for a half-day training event for all airport stakeholders under the USAID-Funded Reducing Opportunities for Unlawful Transport of Endangered Species (ROUTES) Partnership.
The event was launched by Malaysia’s Deputy Home Affairs Minister Dato Masir Kujat and in attendance was United States Ambassador to Malaysia, Her Excellency Madam Kamala Shirin Lakhdhir who spoke in support of the cause.
During the event, TRAFFIC staff and volunteers engaged with travellers through exhibits which focused on encouraging travellers to holiday responsibly by not purchasing souvenirs made of wildlife parts, avoiding the consumption of exotic meat as well as reporting any suspected illegal wildlife activity. Awareness videos by TRAFFIC were also displayed on TV screens at the airport during the period.
This is TRAFFIC’s third exhibition on wildlife trade issues with Malaysia Airlines Berhad. It has also periodically participated in the Airline’s programme to engage its staff on the role of transport and logistics providers in fighting wildlife crime.
The Kuala Lumpur International Airport has come under the spotlight in recent years for its role as a transit hub in the smuggling of wildlife parts from Africa to Asia. Over the past year, Customs officials at the airport have seized significant amounts of African ivory, rhino horns, pangolin scales and freshwater tortoises, largely from cargo.
In August, the Royal Malaysian Customs made their eighth seizure of African pangolin scales and elephant ivory at the KLIA, bringing their total haul for the year to a staggering 1.7 tonnes of pangolin scales and 958 kg of ivory.
Wildlife traffickers are exploiting the increasingly fast and efficient transport networks around the world, including in Malaysia, and airlines and airports need to put in place or improve systems and protocols that will stop such abuse and help disrupt criminal networks.
Kanitha Krishnasamy, Acting Regional Director for TRAFFIC in Southeast Asia.
“It’s great to see interest from the airports and the airlines in Malaysia. We hope to see them maintain the momentum not just to raise awareness on illegal wildlife trade, but also effect changes in their systems that will support enforcement efforts against wildlife traffickers.” | <urn:uuid:53f8f984-97cd-4b01-b4f1-28235416a1c7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.traffic.org/news/kuala-lumpur-airport-hosts-roadshow-to-raise-awareness-of-wildlife-trafficking-by-air/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.948171 | 720 | 1.867188 | 2 |
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) helps protect employers and employees from workplace hazards that may cause injury or illness. In order to protect people within the workplace, OSHA has a list of standards and requirements that each workplace must follow. With all these regulations and requirements put out by OSHA, it is important that all employees have the correct training to maintain their safety within their place of work.
Recently, OSHA has made $4.6 Million Safety Training Grants available from The Susan Harwood Training Program Grant. The grants will fund in person training, educational programs and development materials for companies to help improve their safety and health within the workplace.
The Susan Harwood Training Program Grant has already trained more than 2.1 million workers since its creation in 1978, with numbers continuing to rise. The Program Grant is divided into two, the Pilot Grant and the Capacity Building grant. The Pilot Grant assists organizations in building a health and safety plan before going forward with a full-scale health and safety education programs. While Capacity Building Development Grants focus on improving the capacity of the organization, to provide both health and safety education and training.
These grants strongly encourage those in a small business, Indian Tribes, people who have limited English proficiency and those who want to improve their health and safety within the workplace.
For more information about the Grants and the funding please visit The United States Department of Labor. If you wish to apply for this grant, please apply by June 28, 2016. Please contact Nexreg for more information about OSHA and US MSDS/SDS Services. | <urn:uuid:262d8323-0c91-4bc5-8208-47fa62f207d3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nexreg.com/osha-training | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.957974 | 320 | 2.59375 | 3 |
The City of Kamloops has a vision for our community where housing is available and affordable to all residents. KAMPLAN, the City’s Official Community Plan, identifies three specific goals related to housing:
- Housing Affordability: ensure there is an adequate supply of housing to meet population growth and improve affordability across the continuum.
- Housing Diversity: increase the diversity of housing types to create inclusive and complete neighbourhoods.
- Housing for Vulnerable Populations: provide a range of housing options for persons with disabilities, seniors, low-income individuals and families, and those who require ongoing supports.
In their 2019-2022 Strategic Plan, City Council made livability a priority with a specific focus on improving diversity and access throughout the housing continuum.
What is Affordable Housing?
According to Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation, housing is considered affordable if it costs less than 30% of a household’s before-tax income. The term “affordable housing” is often confused with “subsidized housing”, where the cost of housing is offset by financial support or rental assistance from the provincial government. Affordable housing is a much broader term that refers to all housing types—private, public, and non-profit operated—and all forms of ownership and occupancy—rental, ownership, co-operative ownership; temporary or permanent—that meet the affordability threshold across the housing continuum.
Housing In Kamloops
Municipalities in BC do not have the mandate to build or operate housing but play an important role in supporting the creation of affordable housing in the community. The City supports the availability of diverse housing options that enable people from all walks and stages of life to locate and secure housing that is safe, affordable, and appropriate. The City can preserve, acquire, sell, and provide land for housing, and develop partnerships and incentives to support housing development. The City works closely with BC Housing and supports and assists with public communications and community engagement efforts related to social and affordable housing in Kamloops.
Current projects in development in Kamloops can be found on the BC Housing Let’s Talk Housing website. | <urn:uuid:3014b356-e371-4556-b732-addc614c41f6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kamloops.ca/our-community/housing-homelessness | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.947394 | 438 | 2.328125 | 2 |
HBG type high back pressure foam generators are used in conjunc on with SSI semi sub surface injec on systems to discharge extended foam onto the liquid surface stored in the tank from low levels. These systems can only be used with fixed roof storage tanks and are not recommended to be used with floa ng or internal floa ng roof tanks. The sub-surface method should only be used on tanks containing standard hydrocarbon based fuels such as: diesel, kerosene, gasoline, etc. It is not suitable for use on tanks that contain alcohol or polar solvent type liquids that are miscible in water. HBG's are equipment like Venturi inline mixers, with one major difference, the air is sucked and introduced into the solu on flow to create a forced expansion in the equipment. HBG's can handle a counter pressure caused by the stored liquid in the storage tank up to 40% of the pressure entering to the HBG. HBG's come with factory calibrated venturi nozzles to guarantee a precise flow rate at the desired pressure. Air suc on port is equipped with a swing check valve which eliminates foam solu on loss caused by poor pressure arriving in equipment. HBG's can be supplied on request with Rupture disc's or check valves at the discharge line to create a proper protec on system as described by NFPA-11 storage tank protec on sec on. HBG's should be posi oned outside the dyke pool of the protected storage tank. | <urn:uuid:126dab67-ab84-4349-a184-5019ba4c1dd5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://csiantincendio.com/index.php?option=com_sppagebuilder&view=page&id=41&Itemid=1043 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.922317 | 304 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Nålbinding Mittens, Socks, Caps: The Scandinavian Textile Craft
Discover the textile craft tradition known as nålbinding and explore its Scandinavian roots. As a course project, students choose to create their own pair of mittens, socks, or a syltemjölkskopp – a “milk strainer” cap. Or draw from tradition to inspire a project of your own design in consultation with the instructor. Nålbinding is a way to make a looped structure fabric with a single needle and, when worked in wool, it is valued for warmth, durability, and practicality. The course covers the basics of nålbinding and explores those related crafts that are often incorporated in Scandinavian-style nålbound items. You will make your own nålbinding needles. Time will be devoted to the history and folklore of nålbinding as well as nålbinding’s influence on Scandinavian craft traditions. Scandinavian-style nålbinding reflects both place of origin and local culture. Students at North House will create nålbound items inspired by Scandinavia and infused with the spirit of Grand Marais!
For items to be used outdoors, we cover the traditional options for selection of fibers to wick moisture and treatment for water resistance, and how to plan for the fit of finished items, including details like building articulation into mittens so they can be worn for extended periods. Also included: spinning traditions for handmade yarns, color in nåbinding, an array of felting techniques appropriate for various nålbound projects, and a survey of embroidery and applique techniques sometimes found on traditional items. We share the folklore of Scandinavian nålbinding as well as steps you can take beyond Scandinavian traditions. | <urn:uuid:25a60524-6854-48b8-964b-d5e3a6ca19f8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.northhouse.org/courses/nalbinding-mittens-socks-caps-the-scandinavian-textile-craft | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.928873 | 370 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Katran headlamp W/B 460
The headlamp is specially designed for carp fishing at night, used together with Katran fishing lines. The body is made of lightweight aluminium alloy with two independent white and blue LEDs.
The key to this headlamp is a special blue light diode that creates a unique luminescent effect. This effect boosts the line glow, making the semi-transparent Katran line of the Crypton series, Synapse Neon and Eclipse highly visible. The line turns bright yellow in colour, offering super high visibility at night. We can guarantee such an effect, but only with Katran lines.
The flashlight uses a blue diode with a wavelength of 460 nanometers. This is not ultraviolet light and, therefore, safe for human eyes and skin.
Enabling and switching modes
The power button is located on the side of the headlamp; it can be placed on the right or left, as you prefer. Each brightness mode has a memory function, which saves the last mode when you turn off the headlamp. When the headlamp is turned on again, it continues working in same mode. Switching on and changing modes is effected by brief pressure on the power button: to switch off the headlamp keep pressing the power button. The button is recessed to prevent the flashlight being accidentally turned on when being transported.
Important: The software is programmed to warn you several times that the discharge level has reached 85%. The flashlight will periodically blink and in this mode it will work for a while to allow you to finish your fish landing and put it on charge. | <urn:uuid:878dac9a-34b7-461a-9963-5e4f3804ae23> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://katran.eu/katran_headlamp_2021 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.922232 | 341 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Losing a tooth changes the biting forces in your mouth and spaces in your mouth start shifting. And since the opposite tooth doesn’t have anything to bite or chew against, it starts moving out of position.
With these changes, cleaning your teeth serves as a bigger challenge for patients. It also gives bacteria and plaque a chance to hide in a place where your brush could never reach. Flossing may also not help. In such cases, your teeth are more susceptible to damage that include tooth decay and periodontal disease.
The inability to bite and chew properly can further loosen teeth and damage the jaw bone. And a problem like grinding and clenching surfaces, wearing out the surface of your teeth. Before these problems worsen, it’s important to visit your dentist who could analyze your situation better.
Here’s a look at the two most popular tooth replacement options – Dentures vs. Dental Implants. Read on to learn more.
What are dentures?
Dentures are a single treatment that can help protect your eating and appearance, preventing further damage to your mouth. Dentures can be complete or partial depending on whether or not you have natural teeth. The partial dentures will keep your remaining teeth in position. Dentures are custom-made to fit your jaw size. They match the color and shape of your existing teeth. Complete dentures are kept in place with the help of an acrylic base that sits over your gums.
Here’s a look at the advantages of dentures:
Dentures were previously designed for chewing. But modern dentures serve a bigger purpose. This includes benefits like being aesthetically appealing, fully functional, and comfortable.
Dentures are of many different types, and it includes partial and complete sets. Complete dentures are perfect for patients who have lost a few of their teeth. However, partial dentures are great for replacing gaps for missing teeth.
Dentures can help define facial muscles and reduce oral bone loss. Dentures are also a proven treatment to help patients improve self-esteem.
Dentures are a cost-effective treatment option, especially when you have still had a lot of natural teeth.
Here’s a look at the disadvantages of dentures:
• Adjustment Period
While dentures are designed to fit your mouth, some problems may surface. Your jaw will take a while to adjust to dentures. You may challenges while speaking and eating at first.
• Not an Everlasting Solution
Even though you wear dentures, you will not have any control over your changing facial structure as you age. As the structure of your face changes, you will require a new pair. So you may have to replace your dentures every 5-8 years.
So choose a treatment option that best suits your budget and priorities. This will keep you satisfied, and you will reap the maximum benefits from your preferred treatment choice. But if you still can’t make up your mind, visit your dentist who can help you pick a treatment that’s unique to your teeth.
What are dental implants?
Dental implants are a small titanium screw that restores a missing tooth. They are fit into the jawbone and secure the artificial tooth in place. Implants are meant to restore a single tooth, multiple teeth (bridges) or to fasten and support dentures.
So what are the advantages and disadvantages of dental implants?
Here’s a look at the advantages of dental implants:
• Durability and Predictability
Dental implants are a highly durable and predictable tooth replacement method with a 95-98% survival rate and can last over 25 years. They’re easy to maintain and can be kept clean.
• Function like Natural Teeth
They are not unsecured like dentures, making daily activities such as eating and speaking easier.
• Preserve Bone Structure
They protect the bone structure without any compromise.
Here’s a look at the disadvantages
• Expensive Treatment Cost
For some people, the cost of a dental implant may be substantial, and insurance plans typically do not cover the cost of implants. However, in most cases, this is a one-time cost, unlike other types of tooth replacement procedures.
• Restoring Implant Site
It takes 3-6 months, sometimes, even more, to properly place and restore the implant site. And some people may consider this as a disadvantage.
• Require Surgery
Dental implants require surgery, where the implants have to be placed into your jawbone. Remember, any type of surgery comes with some inherent risk.
This article will help you decide which is better for you, when it comes to Dentures vs. Dental Implants.
Dr. Anu Isaac, DMD, runs a successful dental practice in Salem, MA. As the founder of Coral Dental Care, she is dedicated to creating healthy, beautiful smiles for her patients and also to educating the dental and non-dental community with her engaging articles on all things related to oral health, recent dental innovations, and latest treatment modalities.
- 6 Best Home Remedies to Treat Wisdom Tooth Pain
- 7 Home Remedies For Toothache
- 5 Natural Remedies For Gum Disease
- 10 Signs You Need To Visit The Dentist
- 7 Options To Consider When You Have A Missing Tooth
- Top 5 Benefits of Having Wisdom Teeth RemovedTop 5 Benefits of Having Wisdom Teeth Removed | <urn:uuid:31e2baea-f298-4817-950f-60fe238f22e8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://youmustgethealthy.com/implants-vs-dentures-explained/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.926466 | 1,149 | 2.875 | 3 |
According to Facebook's latest transparency report
, government requests for the company's user data increased 24% in the first half of 2014. Governments around the world made 34,946 requests for user information between January and June, up from 28,147 in the second half of 2013.
Once again, U.S. authorities were particularly keen on Facebook's data, accounting for 44% of all requests. Interestingly, the percentage of requests where at least some data was produced was very high for U.S. government requests. Facebook produced data in more than 80% of the cases, compared to 51% for second-ranked India and just 34% for Germany, which made the third most requests.
In the press release, Facebook emphasized that each request would be carefully scrutinized before any data is produced and that the company would push back whenever deficiencies are found or requests are excessively broad. | <urn:uuid:0fdb04cd-933e-4416-bfac-c1ee6805eb92> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.statista.com/chart/1411/government-requests-for-facebook-user-data/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.976401 | 179 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Henry Walter Klein was born June 19, 1919 in Vennesla, a small town in Norway. He was an active young boy, balancing his love of books with swimming, hiking, and winter sports, and early education as a sailor on the Sørlandet, a Norwegian training ship.
This background did not suggest a future career in furniture design, but the twists and turns of life led him in that exact direction. H.W. Klein was very multitallented and as a young man, he studied mathematics and linguistics and gained a number of degrees throughout his life. During World War II he joined the Norwegian Royal Marines, and it was while serving there that H.W. Klein first turned his pursuits towards carpentry.
After two years of cabinet making, in 1949 he moved to Denmark to study interior design at the prestigious Frederiksberg Tekniske Skole in Copenhagen, where he was taught by the well-known Danish architect and interior designer, Finn Juhl. It was during this time H.W. Klein received the important inspiration for the innovative and original design that was to fashion his entire career as a designer. | <urn:uuid:cfb80df6-0084-4389-80e5-f0b50328297e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.matzform.com/en/pro.php?id=574 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.992415 | 234 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Where, when and how Bourbon first originated from is not entirely clear, there are plenty of claims, however the credibility varies. There is an ongoing dispute about the origin of the name between Bourbon County in Kentucky and Bourbon Street in New Orleans, each side with there own stories. The likelihood is that the creation of Bourbon is as a result of French, Scottish, Irish, English and German settlers bringing their knowledge of distilling to America.
The French settling in New Orleans bringing their knowledge of Brandy production meeting with Irish Whiskey distillers are likely to have had the most influence in the birth or Bourbon. Bourbon is made to strict standards, it must be produced in the U.S. it must be made from at least 51% corn, it can only be aged in new charred oak barrels and cannot be bottled at less than 40% ABV. While these standards sound restrictive the range and variety of Bourbons is similar to that of Scottish whisky, sweet, smoky, dry, smooth all can be found on the Bourbon trail.
Personalised Bourbon Whiskey
We're the masters of bottle engraving. We can add your personal message to a wide range of bourbon bottles with image engraving available on selected bottles. Perfect for weddings, birthdays, anniversaries and special occasions. | <urn:uuid:335660a5-7c73-4c30-ac87-53baba2c8c27> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://prestigedrinks.com/spirits/whiskey/bourbon-whiskey | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.953631 | 263 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Prof. Dr. John Day
John W. Day, Jr. is Distinguished Professor Emeritus in the Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, College of the Coast & Environment at Louisiana State University, where he has taught since 1971. He has published extensively on the ecology and management of coastal and wetland ecosystems, with emphasis on the Mississippi delta, and has over 400 peer-reviewed publications.
He is co-editor (with B. Crump, M. Kemp, and A. Yáñez-Arancibia) of Estuarine Ecology 2013, 2nd edition; co-editor (with C. Hall) of Ecological Modeling in Theory and Practice; co-editor (with W. Conner) of The Ecology of the Barataria Basin, An Estuarine Profile, co-editor (with A. Yáñez-Arancibia) of the Ecology of Coastal Ecosystems in the Southern Mexico: The Terminos Lagoon Region; co-editor (with A. Yáñez-Arancibia) of Ecosystem Based Management of the Gulf of Mexico in 2013; co-author of Americas Most Sustainable Cities and Regions – Surviving the 21st Century Megatrends (2016), and co-editor of Coasts and Estuaries – The Future.
Professor Day received his PhD in marine sciences and environmental sciences from the University of North Carolina in 1971 working with the noted ecologist Dr. H.T. Odum. Since then, he has conducted extensive research on the ecology and management of the Mississippi Delta and for the last 40 years, has studied coastal ecosystems in Mexico. He was a visiting professor in the Institute of Marine Sciences of the National University of Mexico in 1978-1979, at the University of Utrecht in the Netherlands during 1986, at the Laboratoire d’Ecologie, Unversité Claude Bernard in Arles France during 1992-93, and in the Department of Geography at Cambridge University in 2000-2001.
He has also worked with the University of Campeche and the Institute of Ecology in Xalapa, Mexico. From 1992-2017, Professor Day worked in the Mediterranean studying the impacts of climate change on wetlands in Venice Lagoon and in the Po, Rhone and Ebro deltas. He has worked on using wetlands as a means of removing nitrogen from the Mississippi River.
Dr. Day also served as a member of the hypoxia reassessment taskforce and published with Dr. William Mitsch on this subject. Currently he is involved in research on the impacts of 21st century megatrends on sustainability of natural and human systems. He served as chair of the National Technical Review Committee reviewing the restoration program for the Mississippi delta and is currently active in delta restoration; as chair of the Science and Engineering Special Team on restoration of the Mississippi delta (a book on this effort was published in 2014); and as a member on the Scientific Steering Committee of the Future Earth Coasts program. He served on a National Research Council panel on urban sustainability.
He is the recipient of a Fulbright Fellowship for study in France and the Estuarine Research Federation Cronin Award for excellence in teaching in coastal sciences. He has served as major professor for 70 MS and PhD students and has written and edited 14 books, published over 350 peer-reviewed articles, and has a total of over 400 publications. His work has been cited nearly 23,000 times.
Links for more information
Which themes and hotspots of Future Earth Coasts are you addressing with your work?
Themes: Dynamic Coasts, Human Development and Coasts, Pathways to Coastal Sustainability
Hotspots: River-Mouth Systems, Deltas and Estuaries | <urn:uuid:6bb68a15-8da6-4632-a635-512e56ade890> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.futureearthcoasts.org/biography/fec-academy-prof-dr-john-day/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.952364 | 772 | 1.765625 | 2 |
New York Times profiles Reading, a small city with the nation’s highest poverty rate. Sad story, but it is instructive to see how the male/breadwinner, education gap and marriageable mate issues play out in a place like Reading:
Young men have been particularly hard hit. Because they are having trouble competing for jobs, they are dropping out of the labor force, leaving women to support the children. ... Lower education generally means higher poverty. About a fifth of people ages 25 to 34 with only a high school diploma in the United States were poor last year, compared with just 5 percent of college graduates, said Yiyoon Chung, a researcher at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. For those without a high school diploma, the rate was 40 percent. .... Sixty-two percent of young fathers in the United States earned less than $20,000 in 2002, according to Timothy Smeeding, a professor at the University of Wisconsin, citing the most recent data available from the National Survey of Family Growth. Even for young people with a bachelor's degree, the economy is making life difficult. Vickie Moll, who runs the day care center, said the number of applications from teachers who have lost their jobs had grown as the waves of budget cuts washed over the state. "We have people in here with bachelor's degrees making $8 an hour," she said.
The opinions expressed in Why Boys Fail are strictly those of the author(s) and do not reflect the opinions or endorsement of Editorial Projects in Education, or any of its publications. | <urn:uuid:3ea7745f-1deb-4750-b224-b05b8ffbd5e2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.edweek.org/policy-politics/opinion-how-the-recession-plays-out-in-reading-pa/2011/09 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.962852 | 318 | 2.0625 | 2 |
5 Things You Can Do to Combat Headaches
No one likes getting a headache. The problem is that everyone has one from time to time. For some people, headaches are not occasional problems but can be chronic conditions. For many people the question of how to treat headaches is a very important one. For some, headaches can be so severe that they are forced to go to emergency rooms or a skip the wait urgent care center. Luckily, there are things people can do to minimize the frequency and intensity of the headaches they get.
- Drink more water. This is so basic that it may seem too simple to work for as many things as it does. If you have routine headaches, you may want to try reaching for a glass of water before you reach for a medication. You can also go ahead and hydrate even if you are taking something for your headache. The good news about water is that, most of us are often dehydrated without knowing it so it is most likely something you already need. It has been found that many people are so used to ignoring thirst that a lot of the time when we think we are hungry, we are actually thirsty so drinking more water can help a lot of problems.
- Try meditation. For a lot of people, headaches can be caused by tension. Mindfulness meditation can help with that and in turn prevent or help alleviate pain in the head. Scientists at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine have looked into the mind-body connection to see what impact meditation can have on migraines. Initial data show that people who practice certain kinds of meditation, specifically the Vipassana techniques, have fewer migraines and when they do have them, they are less intense. It is important to note that meditation takes some practice and the best thing to do when you start is to give yourself a break. Practice by sitting still and focusing your energy on your breathing.
- Try some yoga. In the same way that meditation can help, so can yoga. This is a kind of exercise that uses a combination of stretching exercises, postures, breathing and some meditation. The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine has found that practicing yoga can reduce the number od headaches they have and the intensity of those headaches. Yoga has also been found to reduce people’s anxiety level.
- Work on your flexibility. If tension headaches are a problem for you, working out the tension in your muscles can do a lot to relieve them. If you sense a tension headache is coming on, you can avoid going to a skip the wait urgent care center, or you can work on some range of motion exercises to relieve the tension in your neck. If you try stretching the muscles of your neck two times a day for about 15 tp 20 minutes, you can see a difference in your headache frequency and intensity. Here are three exercises that may help:
- Put your chin forward. Move it upward and then bend towards each shoulder.
- Do some shoulder shrugs. Shrug them up and forward, up and back and just up.
- Try isometrics. Place your palm on your forehead, press and hold it there. Place each hand on the sides if your head and press.
- Be careful with what you eat and drink. Alcohol, caffeine, nitrates, monosodium glutamate (MSG) and some other additives that are used to enhance the flavor of foods can also lead to headaches. Pay attention to what you had eaten when you have a headache. One good thing to do is to keep a journal of what you were doing or consuming before you have a bad headache. If you see a pattern, you can adjust your diet to prevent some tension or migraine headaches. Some common triggers are red wine, some kinds of cheese and Chinese food.
There are a lot of kinds of headaches that people can suffer from. For some, the best thing is to go to a skip the wait urgent care center (these skip the wait urgent care centers really can live up to their name) or a doctor’s office and if you are concerned or have a new type of headache, you should talk to your doctor. | <urn:uuid:0cb33081-f07a-49da-8365-c97a179b4dc8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://familyissuesonline.net/5-things-you-can-do-to-combat-headaches/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.95992 | 842 | 2.78125 | 3 |
People came from Europe, Asia, Canada, Central America, Africa, Australia and the Pacific Islands to make the United States their new home from 1820 to 1996. Austria alone, from 1820-1940; 2,534, 617 immigrants came through Ellis Island, New York.
The United States experienced major waves of immigration during the colonial era, the first part of the 19th century and from the 1880s to 1920. Many immigrants came to America seeking greater economic opportunity, while some, such as the Pilgrims in the early 1600s, arrived in search of religious freedom.
U.S. Immigration Policy contends that America has reaped tremendous benefits from opening its doors to immigrants, as well as to students, skilled employees and others who may only live in the country for shorter periods of time.
How many legal immigrants came to the US each year? More than 1 million immigrants arrive in the U.S. each year. In 2018, the top country of origin for new immigrants coming into the U.S. was China, with 149,000 people, followed by India (129,000), Mexico (120,000) and the Philippines (46,000).
doc for "timeline of american immigration".(Page 1 of about 24 results) | <urn:uuid:acbe2ac6-b347-4966-a072-c331a91cbd82> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pdf-doc.net/doc/timeline-of-american-immigration.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.936891 | 348 | 3.703125 | 4 |
For centuries, in much of the world, it has been (and still is) the practice of hundreds of millions to reflect on the positives and the negatives of the year just ended, and to make resolutions on how to develop and enhance the positives, and how to counter and eliminate the negatives. This prompts the hope that that practice is one which will be pursued by all Zimbabweans with a view to better everyone’s life, and to ensure that Zimbabwe can once again develop its vast potential. This potential, if realised, could progressively eliminate the widespread poverty and suffering that beleaguers the majority of the populace.
New Year resolutions are not generally made public, but in case some of those who most influence Zimbabwean circumstances are at a loss as to the resolutions they should make (and thereafter keep!), here are some suggestions:
Government (and especially Zanu PF in general, and its hierarchy in particular): Resolve that from 2011 onwards the people of Zimbabwe will be placed first and foremost in policies, considerations and public statements, far ahead of party and self-interest. Reinforce that resolve by discarding the misinterpreted biblical philosophy of “an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth”, but instead adopt those of “turn the other cheek”, and “ungrudging forgiveness”. In line with such resolution, resolve that Zimbabwe’s lands of proven productivity, when properly used and not abused, be available to all irrespective of race, tribe, gender, faith or political affiliation, the sole criteria for entitlement to use the land being the meritorious and productive usage thereof. Concurrently, resolve to replace abuse and contempt of many of the international community with reconciliation, harmony, collaboration and respect (reciprocally required) for the views of others.
War veterans: Resolve that henceforth there will be unequivocal respect for law and order, and that power and authority vests wholly and exclusively in the lawfully and democratically elected, and the electorate, and not in those who may have rendered past service.
Saviour Kasukuwere (Minister of Youth Development, Indigenisation and Economic Empowerment): Resolve that indigenisation and economic empowerment can only be effectively and substantively achieved by:
- Facilitation and motivation of new enterprise establishment;
- Removal of barriers to formal sector economic activity, and enablement of transition from informal to formal sector;
- Giving incentives to existing enterprise indigenisation, instead of disguised expropriation;
- Targeting indigenisation at levels, and by methods, which do not alienate potential investment and deter and alienate foreign investment.
Tendai Biti (Minister of Finance): Recognition that, irrespective of fiscal needs, excessive taxation is economically destructive and diminishes fiscal inflows, whereas low taxes are economically stimulatory, in turn enhancing revenues for the fiscus. (A lessening of taxes on individuals, especially those suffering below the Poverty Datum Line (PDL), increases spending power, with concomitantly greater governmental receipts of Value Added Tax, customs duties, and taxes on profits of businesses enjoying resultant increased sales volumes and profits).
MPs: Resolution that, notwithstanding that justice dictates fair remuneration for their parliamentary services, their first and primary obligation is to protect and further the interests of their constituents, and Zimbabwe as a whole.
Trade unions: The Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Union and Zimbabwe Federation of Trade Unions, their underlying trade unions and the myriad of Zimbabwe trade union activists should resolve to recognise the need for non-confrontational, constructive interaction with employers. That resolution must be founded upon appreciation that whilst their first and foremost duty and obligation is to further the well-being and interests of the nation’s workers, they do not do so by demands for wages and employee benefits beyond employer means, and by destructive industrial labour actions against employers. Doing so only culminates in the downsizing and eventual collapse of enterprises, with increased unemployment and hardships for the employees the unions claim to represent and protect. As harsh as inadequate remuneration circumstances are, those created by unemployment are even greater.
Employers should determine upon a reciprocal resolution to effect remuneration increments, insofar as employer means permit, progressively to levels which at the least equate to 60% of the PDL (on the assumption that in each family of five, to which the PDL relates, there will be a second income earner, generating a possible 40% of PDL), and that in any event remuneration increments will not be less than the inflation rate since the previous increment.
Media: The media in general, and state-controlled media in particular, can and should resolve that henceforth they will report news factually, instead of political bias and, all too often, with gross misrepresentation against those that the media is politically opposed to. News should be fact, not fiction, devised for ulterior political or other motives.
International community: Those of the international community applying sanctions against Zimbabwe, especially USA, the European Union and various Commonwealth countries should resolve to withdraw all sanctions other than those specific to targeted individuals who are politically and humanitarianly unacceptable to them. Whilst government’s contentions that such sanctions are “illegal” are wholly specious and spurious, nevertheless they should be discontinued for they do not afflict those that the international community is opposed to. Sanctions have grievous repercussions upon the innocent Zimbabwean populace. Instead, those sanctions enable the politicians to attribute Zimbabwe’s economic ills to the sanctions, thereby diverting recognition that the ills are, in fact, occasioned by those politicians, with their diabolically destructive policies. Removal of the sanctions would deprive the politicians of their false attribution to national suffering.
This columnist resolves to try to use shorter sentences and less obtuse verbiage in his column in 2011, whilst concurrently wishing all Zimbabweans a peaceful, happy, healthy, successful and prosperous 2011. | <urn:uuid:fc850476-3f31-4c7e-a2fc-23cdeb32b213> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theindependent.co.zw/2010/12/30/eric-bloch-pertinent-resolutions-for-2011/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.939667 | 1,219 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Marseille is introducing tough new restrictions to help save its beautiful coast from overtourism.
The French destination is the latest European travel hotspot struggling to cope with a high number of visitors.
The region is known for its stunning ‘calanques,’ cliff-lined coastal inlets sheltering tiny, azure coves.
But this rugged landscape is under threat, as the traffic of thousands of tourists erodes coastal soil and threatens native vegetation.
To limit the damage, the national park is introducing a permit system. It’s just one in a series of innovative solutions being introduced by over-subscribed European destinations as travel picks up this summer.
From cruise-ship taxes to number plate systems, here’s how Europe’s travel hotspots are coping with overtourism.
Marseille introduces a permit system
From the end of June to the end of August, visitors will have to apply online for a permit to access the popular Sugiton calanque and its beach.
Numbers will be capped at 400 people per day. Visitors can make reservations up to three days in advance via an online QR code system. Bookings will close at 6pm the night before a visit.
Reservations are free, but will be checked by a private security company at the site. One person can book up to eight times over the summer season.
“We’ve also marked areas to allow the regeneration of nature where the public is not allowed to enter," says Zacharie Bruyas, head of communication for the Parc national des Calanques.
“We have put a reservation system in place, to ensure that the development measures are respected.”
Amalfi coast number plate rules
A new alternate number plate restriction system hopes to change this.
During peak hours in peak season, drivers on the famous 35 kilometre stretch between Vietri sul Mare and Positano will have limited access.
If your car’s number plate ends in an odd number, you will be able to access the road on odd number days. If your number plate ends in an even number, you will be able to access the road on even number days.
This new regulation will apply from 10am to 6pm on weekends from mid-June through to the end of September 2022 as well as during the Easter Holy Week holiday. Public buses, and taxis are exempt, as are residents of the 13 towns on the stretch of road.
Spain bans excessive alcohol and football shirts
Some hotspots don’t necessarily have a problem with the number of visitors they receive - but with the way that these visitors behave.
Earlier this month, one of Majorca’s most popular party districts - Playa de Palma - banned people wearing football shirts from entering restaurants. It was part of a wider dress code designed to discourage drunken bad behaviour.
This new restriction compliments existing rules that limit so called ‘excess tourism.’ Resorts in Magaluf, Playa de Palma and San Antonio in Ibiza have banned all-you-can-drink deals, bar crawls and happy hours among other measures to curb excessive alcohol consumption.
Venice bans cruise ships
Venice has long suffered from a surplus of tourists. In peak season, the city of just 50,000 residents can receive up to 150,000 tourists per day.
Last year, large cruise ships were banned from docking in its port. From 2023, day-trippers will also have to pay an entry fee of up to €10 per day. This fee was due to start in June, but has now be postponed until 2023.
Overnight visitors already pay a tourism tax of €5 per night, which is included in their hotel bills.
Barcelona proposes a tax on cruises
Visitors to Barcelona are already charged a tourist levy, coughing up €3 for a stay of more than 12 hours and €1 for a stay of less than 12 hours. These costs - along with an existing €1.75 surcharge - are usually included in the price of booking cruises or hotels.
But cruise tourism is a particularly big problem for the city as Europe’s busiest cruise port. In 2019, roughly 3 million passengers disembarked in the city, with daily cruise visitor numbers exceeding 10,000 for 139 days in the year.
As traffic resumes post-COVID, authorities announced a cruise-specific tax to help curb the pollution that these giant ships bring.
The government will outline details of the new tax “in the coming weeks,” said Catalonian minister for climate action, Teresa Jordà. | <urn:uuid:eb9bccc3-81ce-4690-b600-85ab95a14890> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.euronews.com/travel/2022/06/17/overtourism-from-venice-to-marseilles-heres-how-european-travel-hotspots-are-tackling-over | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.94442 | 960 | 1.578125 | 2 |
In the 2014–2020 programming period, the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD), a Rural Development Programme (RDP) co-financing tool, is subject to numerous regulations spearheaded by Regulation (EU) No 1303/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013 laying down common provisions on the European Structural and Investment Funds (the “Common Provisions Regulation”).
The rural development policy, drawn up by reference to the Common Provisions Regulation, has been devised to bolster farmers’ competitiveness, the sustainable management of natural resources, climate-related measures and balanced rural development.
In line with the rural development policy and Europe 2020, general tasks targeting the support of rural development in the 2014–2020 programming period are defined by six EU-wide priorities. Measures governing rural development may touch on the priorities below:
Active members of rural communities interested in contributing to LAG (Local Action Group) activities or in establishing LAGs in the 2014–2020 programming period may submit a standardisation application. A LAG, a Community instrument for the management of local development in rural areas, serves as part of the implementation arsenal regulated by the Common Provisions Regulation.
By meeting standards, the LAGs will prove that they have the capacity to contribute to the implementation of programmes financed by European Structural and Investment Funds. A partnership agreement has made the Ministry of Agriculture responsible for setting these standards. LAGs passing the standardisation process will be able to submit subsidy applications in support of their community-led local development strategy (SCLLD) to the Ministry of Regional Development, as the body responsible for this area of LAG selection. | <urn:uuid:4404a001-a5e6-40a4-ad24-12565901d5d5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.szif.cz/en/rdp_2014_2020 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.927397 | 341 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Parliamentary General Elections were held in Suriname on 25 May 1991 for all 51 seats in the National Assembly, following the premature dissolution of this body in the wake of the December 1990 coup d’Etat.
The 51 members in the unicameral National Assembly are elected from 10 constituencies on the basis of a party-list proportional representation system that involves preferential voting. The 10 electoral constituencies are coterminous with the ten administrative districts of Suriname. The National Assembly subsequently elects the President.
On 24 December 1990, President of the Republic R. Shankar was deposed in a military coup d’Etat. The army installed a provisional civilian Government and promised new parliamentary elections within 100 days.
The election date was set on 7 February. Main challengers for the National Assembly’s 51 seats were the New Front for Democracy and Development - a coalition of ethnic-based parties plus the Labour Party; the military-backed National Democratic Party (NDP); and the centre-left Democratic Alternative ’91 - an alliance of four small anti-military parties. Both New Front and Democratic Alternative ’91 opposed future military involvement in politics and favoured a Commonwealth-style union with the Netherlands (the former colonial power). Campaign debate, especially on the part of NDP, furthermore related to social and economic issues (inflation, Dutch foreign aid, etc.).
The polling process was monitored by teams of international observers, who called it largely free and fair.
Final results gave New Front for Democracy and Development (an alliance of the National Party of Suriname, the Progressive Reform Party, the Party for National Unity and Solidarity and the Surinamese Labour Party), 30 of the 51 seats. However, the result was four shy of the two-thirds Assembly majority NF needed to amend the Constitution and choose the Government on its own.
The newly elected legislature participated in selecting the President (Head of Government) and Vice-President of the Republic (Chairman of the Council of Ministers). These were, respectively, Mr. R.R. Venetiaan and Mr. G.-R. Ajodhia. The president was inaugurated on 16 September.
Voter turnout was 64.31%. | <urn:uuid:4f594173-9f72-4bd4-ba4b-698640d32d46> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://caribelect.easycgi.com/sr/elections/sr_results_1991.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.948031 | 473 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Published December 23, 2004 by iUniverse, Inc. .
Written in EnglishRead online
|The Physical Object|
|Number of Pages||102|
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Children book: One, Two, Family (Illustrated picture book for kids about single mother family) - Kindle edition by Keidar, Michal, Yuval, Nurit. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets.
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The time is always right to explore the world with curiosity and wonder. What's New What's New. Gift Books. Whether you see the Bible as a literal revelation of God's word, a guide for life, or a wonderful set of stories, The DK Illustrated Family Bible--a colorful, accessible reference sourcecan be the cornerstone of your family's knowledge of on the modern English of the New International Version Bible, this stunning, lavishly illustrated page book is an interpretation of /5(81).
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Also, at RootsTech Family Discover Day, Sister Wendy Watson Nelson shared how she recruited her nieces and nephews to illustrate a special family story to create a book. There is more than one way to do this, but here is how I created a special book for my kids using Foreword by Seth MacFarlane.
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She earned her BFA in Studio Arts from the University of Idaho. Her passion for illustrating and writing children’s books enchants readers with vibrant color and rich detail, emphasizing the wonder of God’s world.
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This collection of events and teachings from Scripture explores selected chapters verses, and provides additional highlights into:More than Biblical accounts, psalms.
Best books that explore family dynamics as a central theme, or as an important side plot. All Votes Add Books To This List. 1: Little Women by. Louisa May Alcott. avg rating — 1, ratings. score: 5, and 56 people voted Want to Read saving.
Lot Of 2 Illustrated Books: The Giles Family By Peter Troy Hardcover Cartoon. Condition is "Very Good". One book is a hard cover with book sleeve. Other book is a paperback book with black and white animations.
In really good condition. Paper back book has some bending to the back cover. Very minor >Shipped with USPS Media Rating: % positive. The Swiss Family Robinson - Illustrated Kindle Edition by Johann David Wyss (Author) › Visit Amazon's Johann David Wyss Page. Find all the books, read about the author, and more.
See search results for this author. Are you an author. Learn about Author Central/5(21). History of the Goodspeed family, profusely illustrated: being a genealogical and narrative record extending from toand embracing material concerning the family collected during eighteen years of research, together with maps, plates, charts, etc.
antique BUSINESS & SOCIAL LETTER WRITING BOOK illustrated FAMILY LOVE LEGAL Click HERE to view or search E listings. This listing is for the hardcover book shown: The New Standard - Business & Social Letter Writer. Illustrated. Great reference book for business and personal correspondence. Including:Seller Rating: % positive.
Illustrated Book. The illustrated book is expected to be around 65 letter-size pages in full color (sample above). The final texts will be in English (the original texts will be prepared in Arabic then translated and printed in English). The Family needs the above amount (over the next 4 months) to finalize the project and make the book.
Based on the New International Version edition of the Bible, the DK Illustrated Family Bible is a great story, gloriously told, and a special keepsake bible for families to cherish and revisit over the years.
Combining charmingly retold stories, including Noah's Ark, Samson and the Lion, the Birth of Jesus, the Tower of Babel, Preparing for Passover and more from the Old and New Testaments. Hardcover & softcover books by Robert Crumb; Graphic novels and trade collections; Comic books by Crumb and family; SEE BOOKS & COMICS.
If you want to share Audible books with your family and friends but you are not exactly sure how to do it, you are in the right place. Here you will learn the step-by-step process to share Audible books for free in an easy way.
However, before you proceed, you should know that there are certain restrictions on sharing Audible books. This superbly illustrated Bible interprets the text of all the most important stories in the Old and New Testaments, making it an essential Bible reader for the whole family.
The DK Illustrated Family Bible uses original texts selected from the New International Version. Key words, phrases, and concepts are fully explained in the illustrated side panels, and the relevant chapter and verse. Signed by Seth MacFarlane. Foreword by Seth MacFarlane.
On the twentieth anniversary of the seven-time Emmy Award-winning Fox animated television series comes Inside Family Guy: An Illustrated History, a fully illustrated, full-color visual guide honoring its reign—from storyboards to character sketches to script excerpts to cast and crew interviews—and giving fans exclusive access Brand: HarperCollins Publishers.
Title: 25 Days of the Christmas Story: An Advent Family Experience By: Dr. Josh Straub, Christi Straub Illustrated By: Jane Butler Format: Hardcover Number of Pages: Vendor: B&H Books Publication Date: Dimensions: X X (inches) Weight: 1 pound 2 ounces ISBN: ISBN Stock No: WW Ernestine Buckmeister, the heroine of a delightful new children’s book, written by Linda Ravin Lodding and illustrated by Suzanne Beaky, doesn’t have time for is so “ because her busy, well-meaning parents had packed her after-school schedule.” Mondays are for clay sculpting, Tuesdays for water ballet, Wednesdays for knitting and Thursdays for tuba playing.
If you are an introvert who prefers texting over calling, it is one of the many reasons why you should read Text, Don’t Call: An Illustrated Guide to the Introverted Life, by INFJoe. As an introvert, I loathe phone calls and I’m sure many other introverts do, too.
With my social anxiety, phone anxiety/phone phobia is a major part of it, which means I get a mini panic attack whenever I see. The producers of Family Guy, took this bar, and raised it to another level with Inside Family Guy: An Illustrated History.
Yes, Inside Family Guy: An Illustrated History serves a purpose as a standard coffee table book about one of the longest running animated comedies in prime time.
It’s heavy, with TONS of pictures, and costs $ which. Rolling Stone and Rizzoli International Publications are celebrating the magazine’s rich history of incredible original illustration in a new book, titled Rolling Stone: The Illustrated Portraits.
Illustrated books are making a come back and I, for one, am absolutely thrilled. Technically, I’m supposed to be writing about comics and these volumes are not that.
There are far fewer illustrations than one would find in a comic or graphic novel.Buy a cheap copy of DK Illustrated Family Bible book. Whether you see the Bible as a literal revelation of God's word, a guide for life, or a wonderful set of stories, The DK Illustrated Family Bible--a colorful, Free shipping over $ | <urn:uuid:6a79cce1-8ea1-4787-8e4f-375b3c27ddde> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lohukihyfoca.weddingvideosfortmyers.com/family-illustrated-book-24303ue.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.914379 | 2,791 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Version: v1, Published online: 1998
Retrieved August 18, 2022, from https://www.rep.routledge.com/articles/thematic/violence/v-1
Violence is a central concept for much discussion of moral and political life, but lots of debate employing the concept is confused by the lack of clarity about its meaning and about the moral status it should have in our development of public policy. Wide understandings of the term – for instance, structural violence – not only include too much under the name of violence, but also put an excessively negative moral loading into the concept. This is also a problem for some other definitions of violence, such as legitimist definitions, which treat violence as essentially the illegitimate use of force. It is better to confront directly the important and disturbing claim that violence is sometimes morally permissible than to settle it by definitional fiat.
Coady, C.A.J.. Violence, 1998, doi:10.4324/9780415249126-S065-1. Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Taylor and Francis, https://www.rep.routledge.com/articles/thematic/violence/v-1.
Copyright © 1998-2022 Routledge. | <urn:uuid:0bb0d49f-3556-4351-b2ec-f34cb1683665> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.rep.routledge.com/articles/thematic/violence/v-1/bibliography/violence-bib | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.924198 | 259 | 2.484375 | 2 |
For a start, there’s the title. Lumpy Gravy? Even by the standards of the psychedelic 60s, that was one weird way of asking a potential customer to part with their money. If they did, however, they were richly rewarded.
Frank Zappa’s late wife, Gail, explained her husband’s modus operandi best: “For him, every album was just part of the same composition and everything was all one big piece of music. But the three particular pieces that he considered his absolute masterworks were Lumpy Gravy, We’re Only In It For The Money [The Mothers Of Invention’s third studio album was under construction while Zappa was rejigging his debut solo effort], and Civilization Phase III.”
Living up to its title, Lumpy Gravy’s recording process was initially fraught. Having composed the entire thing himself, Zappa enlisted the assistance of a bunch of classically trained musicians he dubbed the Abnuceals Emuukha Electric Symphony Orchestra, but didn’t perform on the album himself – other than to conduct from his rostrum.
The musical ensemble was top-notch and later referred to as the crème de la crème of West Coast sessioneers: folks like Victor Feldman, the English vibes master; the woodwinds of Bunk Gardner; drummer John Guerin; French horn players Vincent DeRosa, Richard Parissi, and Arthur Maebe; soundtrack ace Pete Jolly, and guitarists Dennis Budimir and Tommy Tedesco. Such musicians didn’t immediately grasp the intent of their wild-eyed, woolly-haired employer, but he was embarking on a more ambitious venture than anything dreamed up by either Phil Spector or even Brian Wilson. Zappa’s apparent eccentricities gave grist to the cliché: don’t judge a book by its cover.
Lumpy Gravy was inspired by Zappa’s hero, Edgar Varèse, the experimental world of musique concrète, John Cage, the vogue for cut-up tape experimentation, and the whole avant-garde scene which infiltrated certain strands of rock circa 1966/67. In fact, the music was first released in a different form, on a four-track cartridge, in 1967, and then re-edited that same year for a 1968 vinyl release.
One could argue all day as to whether Zappa ever was a rock musician per se. A groovy early instrumental version of “King Kong” suggested he wasn’t, while the spry spy theme parody “Duodenum” was an unheard-of delight back then. If Lou Reed wasn’t convinced, David Bowie absolutely was, and took to performing Zappa’s songs in his late 60s bands.
While Lumpy Gravy isn’t necessarily stuffed with obvious “hits”, there are certainly stand-out moments across its two parts, with fans finding that they could trace some elements to other appearances in Zappa’s fast-growing body of work.
Zappa’s thing – paranoid West Coast anarchy coupled with a desire to never take yourself too seriously (while taking everything very seriously indeed) lends the album a two-faced value. Not many chose to follow his path, though Captain Beefheart’s Trout Mask Replica and Tim Buckley’s more out-there albums suggest that Zappa had kindred spirits (incidentally, both men spent some time working with – or for – him).
So, don’t be put off by the “I hear Zappa is great, if a trifle hard to comprehend” brigade. Satires, chaos, and challenges lie ahead for the listener. And that’s no bad thing. | <urn:uuid:c23e798c-e29c-408b-9b09-fdcd6fd2dc87> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.udiscovermusic.com/stories/rediscover-frank-zappas-lumpy-gravy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.962003 | 801 | 2.1875 | 2 |
The Competition Bureau has issued a No Action Letter with respect to Burger King’s acquisition of Tim Hortons.
The Bureau’s concluded the transaction is unlikely to result in a substantial lessening or prevention of competition due to, among other things, the existence of a large number of competitors.
Further, there are already low barriers to entry in the fast food industry.
The bureau’s letter confirms it has reviewed a specific proposed transaction and concluded that it will not, at this time, challenge that transaction before the Competition Tribunal under the mergers provisions of the Competition Act.
Still, the transaction is subject to other regulatory approvals.
Founded in 1954, Burger King is the second largest fast food hamburger chain in the world—it operates in approximately 14,000 locations in 98 countries and territories worldwide, and it’s opened 300 restaurants in Canada.
For its part, Tim Hortons is one of the largest publicly traded restaurant chains in North America, based on market capitalization, and it’s the largest in Canada. As of June 29, 2014, Tim Hortons was operating more than 4,000 restaurants, including more than 3,000 in Canada. | <urn:uuid:1d8fd94f-d4f1-49a8-94b8-35ee55b6e154> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.advisor.ca/news/industry-news/competition-bureau-clears-tim-hortons-acquisition/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.939791 | 250 | 1.851563 | 2 |
While there’s plenty of fans of the show, there are only a few that would be willing to make a database of every question and answer on the show. It’s a huge undertaking.
‘Jeopardy!’ Massive Database
A site called the J! Archive is the go-to destination for any trivia experts. It has nearly every question, every contestant, every show, every answer that the popular game show has ever featured.
At this point, it has well over 412,000 clues updated.
J! Archive is organized exactly like a standard game of “Jeopardy!” The classic blue board is filled with categories and different cash prizes. When you first arrive at the site, everything is organized by seasons.
You can click on any season from the first to the 37th. From here a massive list of episodes and contestant names appears. By clicking on an episode, users are greeted by the familiar “Jeopardy!” board.
The clue appears and the answer will only show up when you hover the mouse over the cash amount.
Whether you’re trying to get an idea of the kind of questions to study for the show or are studying up on trivia in general, it’s a pretty extensive database.
How Are the Questions Created?
With over 412,000 “Jeopardy!” questions, the creators of the show are still finding new and tricky questions to use on contestants.
According to Buzzfeed, the writers’ room has eight writers. Together, they create at least one entire game per day. This includes a total of 61 questions organized into specific categories. However, the show does not always get to all of the questions. The writers will sort through anything to find new questions.
New episodes of “Jeopardy!” actually premiere 46 weeks of the year. The writers’ room is likely a constantly buzzing spot in the studio. A lively host, interesting contestants, and questions that appeal to many kinds of people are what continue to make the show relevant.
Alex Trebek used to spend over an hour reading over the questions and the answers prior to filming the show. The show goes through close to 15,000 questions in one year.
In an interview with Los Angeles Times in 1990, Trebek said that questions do get recycled. However, the writers try to make them unique each time. The topics and answers could be the same, but the overall angle will be different.
There are more “Jeopardy!” contestants that are male. Trebek said that this has to do with the fact that he believes men are more “competitive” in nature. There are about seven men to every woman that tries out. Similarly, the show has very few older contestants. Trebek said this has to do with reflexes. Older individuals have slower reflexes and, therefore, would have a hard time clicking the button first. | <urn:uuid:ba76b97d-1d9d-48d5-9e14-d4e193ece226> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://outsider.com/entertainment/jeopardy-all-clues-ever-asked-game-show-here-this-fan-based-archive/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.959301 | 611 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Are you considering eating your placenta? You are not alone. Many women are attempting this controversial procedure. Many of them have even been hailed as the best way to avoid iron deficiency anemia. In this article, you will learn about the benefits and uses of Placenta pills, and discover how to make the decision.
What’s About Placenta Pill?
There is no definitive proof that placenta pills can cure postpartum depression. Some women claim that they feel better after taking them, while others have experienced severe depressive symptoms following the delivery of their baby. However, the concept of using placenta pills as an antidepressant is not new.
In one study, healthy women were randomly assigned to either take placenta pills or beef placebo encapsulated pills. The pills had the same appearance as the beef placebo, so it was impossible to tell which group was receiving the placentas or the placebos. The research was blind, meaning that neither the women nor the researchers who administered the pills had any idea of which group was receiving the pills.
The positive experiences of the women in the UNLV study are a sign that placenta pills for postpartum depression are a real possibility. Taking the pills during pregnancy could help a woman avoid postpartum depression, which is a common complication in new mothers. In addition, breastfeeding is protective for the postpartum period, and it can help to restore the woman’s pre-pregnancy hormone levels.
The symptoms of postpartum depression can be serious and difficult to treat. If left untreated, it could lead to chronic recurrent depression in later life. In addition, untreated postpartum depression could also lead to a host of other problems, including cognitive and behavioral challenges. A woman suffering from PPD should seek professional help. However, natural remedies are an option for treating postpartum depression, but they are not a panacea.
Iron Deficiency Anemia
While it is not clear whether placenta pills can treat iron deficiency anemia, some women do experience anemia while pregnant. The study was conducted without accounting for ethnicity or education. It also did not include pregnant women in certain types of facilities, such as rural or low-income areas. To know all about the Placenta pills benefits, then you must keep reading this text up to the last.
Researchers found that iron supplementation during pregnancy increased placental iron content. This was even more true when the supplement was given at the end of the pregnancy when the placenta had already acquired the majority of the iron required for its function. Iron deficiency anemia is a serious condition in which the fetus suffers from low Hb levels. This condition may be due to a cellular factor called hepcidin, which is involved in the regulation of maternal iron levels.
Whether a woman received iron tests during pregnancy was also related to her socioeconomic status. Women from low-income families were less likely to receive iron testing than women of higher-income levels. While the study of pregnant women with a low iron status did not reveal an improvement in the child’s cognitive functioning, there is no evidence to conclude that placenta pills for iron deficiency anemia can improve maternal outcomes. While there is no concrete evidence to suggest that placenta capsules for iron deficiency anemia can improve maternal outcomes, a recent trial in Kenya suggests that these supplements may be an effective option.
The side effects of placenta pills are not well known, but one case recently documented by the American Center for Disease Control indicates that a newborn was likely exposed to a bacterial infection. In this case, the infant had been exposed to Group B streptococci, a bacterium that affects 1,000 newborns in the United States each year and kills about 50. While the infant was cured after five days, the mother was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit for five days. This second infection was likely caused by contaminated placenta capsules.
During pregnancy, the placenta builds up heavy metals. These metals will show up in the placenta capsules, exposing pregnant women to low doses of these toxic substances. Placenta encapsulation supporters also claim that these pills can increase the mother’s milk supply, but this isn’t scientifically proven. The placenta contains hormones that suppress the milk-producing hormone prolactin. | <urn:uuid:345a4832-53c1-4673-ae7d-ff348714debc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fashionelan.com/placenta-pills-uses-and-benefits/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.962227 | 895 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Hint: Challenges are the one which drives a person towards the problem-solving ability and enhances it further. It is similar to saying “smooth seas do not make skilful sailors” i.e. only when there are challenges, there will be learning.
Complete answer: A challenge is always an opportunity for progress and it is rightly said, a challenge creates a path for, gives you a better perspective of how you can look ahead and overcome any obstacle. Moreover, it provides us with an opportunity to the people, for instance, talking about the democracy there is always a challenge, that with any amendment any bill there is always a section of the society which remains unsatisfied, therefore new ways are looked up to through which all the people are profited in a much better manner thereby making progress. Challenges also affect a persons' critical thinking, giving it a broader scope. Challenges are the one which drives a person towards the problem-solving ability and enhance it further, for example in this digital era where everyone and everything is going online there are various challenges to overcome but with brainstorming and abilities to work, it is leading to create opportunities for the skilled and unskilled workers thus making progress with every small milestone we achieve.
Note: It is always said, “challenges are meant to be challenged”. Therefore, one must draw a distinction between this. Facing problems with dare and confidence shows a good sign of you to achieve something new and progress in life. It requires people to take one step at a time and not rush things nor avoid challenges. | <urn:uuid:0a842c27-f1fa-47cf-a9f1-9ae0f582cdd3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vedantu.com/question-answer/a-challenge-is-an-opportunity-for-progress-class-11-social-science-cbse-5fd7af166c8a3d0a7c59636e | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.955446 | 322 | 2.78125 | 3 |
A conservatory is the most cost-effective way to add more space to your home. Here at envy we undertake all the work from surveying to installing. All you need to do is choose your perfect conservatory and leave the rest to us.
LEAN TO CONSERVATORIES
GABLE ENDED CONSERVATORIES
Conservatory Roof Types
Polycarbonate is often used for conservatory roofs because it is a strong and low-cost material. It is also lightweight. It has become a popular choice for customers over the years. Polycarbonate is available in 3 styles.
Clear, Opal and Bronze
Glass roofs are more thermogenic than polycarbonate roofs and allow in a lot more lights. Glass roofs tend to offer better sound insulation and although they are practically clear some do have a blue or brown tint.
Solid roofs will retain warmth in the winter months while keeping your conservatory incredibly cool on sunny days (even in direct sunlight). They are virtually burglarproof and the roofing tiles cannot be easily removed.
Tiled roof systems eliminate most noise from wildlife and weather as well as sun glare. Tiles are available in 3 colours.
Ember, Charcoal & Walnut | <urn:uuid:b148377c-4c57-4602-a230-11cd7206090d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://envywindows.co.uk/conservatories/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.920044 | 296 | 1.507813 | 2 |
- From Occupy to the OccupationIndeterminate Temporariness
A Common Experience
The temporal finitude of everything human is produced and distributed unequally by social forces. A work contract, time spent at school or in prison, vacation time, longevity—these are all politically determined goods and evils whose production and distribution should be studied as elements in the general economy of any society. The economy of time presupposes finite, more or less fixed and measurable time cells, which have use and exchange value related to duration, parts of the day, periods of the year, the activity assigned to the time cell, the ability to use it for its purpose, among others. But the concept of temporariness captures not only the way social time is organized in more or less fixed slots; it also reflects the way in which the end of any such time slot is part of its experience, and the fact that this experience cannot be reduced to the use or exchange value of a certain unit of time. In this piece I will look at temporariness as a certain form of temporalization in which finitude is experienced as a duration whose end is promised, proclaimed, calculated, awaited, and in any case expected, with fear or with joy, yet whose end nevertheless fails to arrive.
Temporariness is not simply a temporal limitedness but the way this limitedness is brought into play—experienced, articulated, problematized—in the very duration of the finite. The termination of a finite state of affairs is certain, but how and when exactly things will come to an end is not. This mixture of certainty and indetermination is sensed, more or less acutely, and it gives rise to a variety of tactics in relation to the terminating point itself as well as to the way time flows toward it. Temporary is the mode of experiencing an end that is sure to arrive but is not arriving, it is the experience of the end as not yet, and of the not yet as unending. It is an experience of a future whose coming in the form of the “not yet” plagues the present and cuts through its flow, from one moment to the next.
The experience of the not yet may be episodic and benign: an occupied lavatory, a tenant who fails to leave his apartment after the termination of a contract, a pregnancy that lasts long after the due date. It may also be systemic and structured: delays in flight schedules, returning a debt, ending a military occupation. In all these cases, when a temporary occupation of a time cell fails to come to an end, a timetable designed to regulate the use of, or presence in, a spatial cell or a social position has failed to function, and the occupation of a time cell has become indefinite. This extension is also temporary, of course, but it is experienced as non-finite, an end that presents itself as not coming. The expected but indefinitely suspended moment of termination can no longer belong to an organized timetable, coordinated with other moments of transition. Everything may hinge on this moment in time, but it cannot be trusted, calculated, or calibrated. This is a moment of time that literally went out of joint.
Consider two types of temporary occupation: the Occupy Movement and a military occupation. Activists of occupy movements usually avoided setting terms for the evacuation of the public spaces they were occupying, but they also did not claim permanent possession of these spaces. Because they refused to set the terms that should be met in order to terminate their occupation, they were not partners for negotiation; they could have been defeated only by use of overt violence, which most western governments tend to avoid or postpone. This was one source of the movement’s strength, but also of its weakness, part of the reason why it was tolerated for a while, but ultimately dispersed. Most of those involved in the Occupy Movement, political authorities and activists alike, shared a tacit understanding of the situation as temporary. The question soon became that of Kairos, the right time to call an end to the... | <urn:uuid:83a628bc-e137-4796-ab53-50ad3d04e887> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://muse.jhu.edu/article/634662 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.968522 | 822 | 2.265625 | 2 |
I began my Tuesday with the best of intentions. I had spent the previous afternoon carving away tiny areas in my most recent linocut. There is always this sense of excitement and expectation when I print the next layer — as it is hard to predict the effects of the carving and the new color.
In my latest linocut, I needed to transition from a very bright yellow-green to blues, and I knew from experience that unless some of the green was blocked by a more opaque ink, I would not get to the blues that I sought. So I had printed a white ink, tinted with blue.
Alas, when I gently touched the surface of the linocut, I could feel that it was still tacky and wet. A bit of the very light blue remained on my finger. Sometimes the last layers of a linocut dry more slowly…but in this case I think the culprit was the Titanium White ink. With no printing happening on this day, I decided to try and discover why it was that the white ink behaved so differently from my other inks.
Sadly, when I typed in a search of “why does white ink not dry like other inks” I didn’t get any useful information. Complex treatises from the commercial printing industry surfaced, with discussions about squirting inks and plasticity. Not what I needed.
I was using Gambin’s Titanium White ink, which is a combination of titanium dioxide with a small amount of zinc oxide added in. Titanium white is the most reflective of pigments, reflecting 97.5% of the available light.
My search led me to learn more about the history of white pigment in art. Lead white is one of the oldest pigments, but is highly controlled now because of its toxicity. It was reputed to make Whistler ill when painting Symphony in White no. 1 (The White Girl). Yet despite its health consequences, painters continued to use it, even when zinc oxide was presented as an alternative in the middle of the 18th century. Zinc oxide had a difficult debut because it was four times as expensive as the lead white, and became brittle when dry.
Titanium was identified as an element in 1795, but it wasn’t until the 1920s that a manufacturing process was developed to rid it of its iron impurities. When used in oil paints, titanium developed a spongy quality when dry that was not suitable for painting. When mixed with some of the more brittle zinc white, however, it was an acceptable and much less toxic alternative.
Creating pigments must be such a challenging job. Not only must the chemist think about how the product behaves now, she must also forecast how the artwork will age. In many media, this pigment is tenuously adhered to a substrate — whether a canvas or cotton rag paper. I can only guess that the ink makers felt it was better to have a slower drying and more pliable ink for my unstable paper. I may be completely mistaken, but this is my best guess for the day.
Perhaps tomorrow will bring a drier surface and I can indulge my curiosity by printing the next layer of ink.
The history of pigment is a fascinating one. These resources make for the perfect distraction while waiting for your pigment to dry:
Pigments through the ages
By Victoria Finlay: Color (2002) and The Brilliant History of Color (2014) | <urn:uuid:e3d88f08-94c6-445e-9774-c7d9e97dfb4e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://elizabethbusey.com/uncovering-the-mystery-of-white-ink/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.97412 | 705 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Subscribe Subscribe for new videos every week! https://www.youtube.com/c/Cocomelon?sub_confirmation=1 A new compilation video, including one of our most recent s
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Killeen Killeen Independent School District is a great district located in the heart of Central Texas. Proudly serving the central Texas communities of Killeen, Fort Hood, Harker Heights, and Nolanville, Killeen ISD is committed to providing excellent educational opportunities to ensure all students served are able to reach their maximum learning potential.
First The first week of school there is so much to cover. But nothing is more important (and fun) than getting to know your students. If you are teaching virtually you may wonder: how will I welcome kids virtually? Will my go-to first day activities work online? Fortunately, there are so many creative ways to break the ice on screen.
Anita My First Day At School. Anita went to bed dreaming of the adventures that would take place the next morning. It would be her first day of school. Anita woke up early in the morning and get ready
Games MORE TAGS : FIRST DAY OF SCHOOL Cool Games Cute Games Dress up games Free Games Free Games Online Fun Games Games for Girls Games for Kids Girls Games Kids Games KIZ Play Online Games Published 18/09/2015
Reads an elephant's first day of school Early in the morning, Eli was in his bed snoring. He was very tired, but today was a big day! CREATE BOOKS for KIDS. FREE STORIES ONLINE. Barney the Fire Truck by Ray Lehr . 42271 reads. My Heart & My Brain by Joy Curtis . 43208 reads. Oh no! Rotten Apples. by Kate Ward . 73406 reads.
& Klein ISD Medication Policy. Seizure Care. Parenting Education Program. Vision Resources. Communications. Connect & Stay Informed. News & Press Releases. Informational & Emergency Updates. Weather Updates & School Closing Info.
Calculator First Day of School PowerPoint. 1. “If you are not willing to learn, no one can help you. If you are determined to learn, no one can stop you.”. 2. Be on time. Enter the classroom quietly. Grab your calculator from the calculator caddy (unless otherwise posted). Get your binder from the bookshelf. Sharpen your pencil before class starts.
Supply Kids Daily Essential. 1082 reviews. 🔥 546 sold in the last 22 hours. A kids multivitamin built smarter with organic ingredients and modern science for bright days. 30 day supply for kids ages 3+. Number of bottles. The more kids - the more you save!
Bedelia Hey Happy Readers!! Welcome to our Children's Books Read Aloud! In this video we present one of the Amelia Bedelia Books for Kids, Amelia Bedelia First Day
School 1. Free First Day of School Printable. (Freebie Finding Mom) – This free customizable first day of school sign is a great way to commemorate your child’s progress through school.
2. Free Printable Back to School Checklist. (Freebie Finding Mom) – Don’t wait until the last minute, get organized now with this free first day of school printable.
3. Free Printable Back to School Coloring Sheets. (Freebie Finding Mom) – Whether you’re a parent trying to give your kiddos a confidence boost before the bell rings or a teacher looking for an activity that eases the kids back into the school routine, this first day of school free printable coloring sheet can help.
4. Free Printable Word Search. (Freebie Finding Mom) – Here’s another of the free first day of school printables that may be useful to both parents and teachers.
5. Free Printable Book Covers. (Freebie Finding Mom) – Use these first day of school free printables to protect your kiddos textbooks. Tip: Teachers can also introduce this printable on the first day back in order to ensure all textbooks are covered and kept safe.
6. Free Printable Homework Charts. (Freebie Finding Mom) – Ensure your little one starts the year off right by utilizing this free first day of school printable.
7. Free Printable and Customizable Welcome Back to School Letters. (Freebie Finding Mom) – Need to tell the kids (and parents) in your class what to expect this year?
8. Free Printable First Day and Last Day of School Bunting. (Simple Made Pretty) – This fun free customizable first day of school sign is another way to celebrate your little one’s progress from kindergarten all the way through high school.
9. Back to School Essentials: Free Daily Routine Printable. (Thrifty Jinxy) – One of the worst parts (for me) of sending the little dude back to school is getting the routine down.
10. Chicken Taco Bento Box Lunch with Printable Lunchbox Notes. (Thrifty Jinxy) – Make lunch delicious, nutritious, and fun with the help of this chicken taco recipe complete with first day of school free printable notes.
Kilgore Kilgore Independent School District 301 N. Kilgore Street Kilgore, TX 75662 Phone: (903)988-3900 Fax: (903)983-3212 Small town Texas, Big World Opportunities
School Conclusion of My First Day At School Essay. Thus, my first day at school was really pleasant. It fills me with pride when I look back at it and share my experience with others. I feel my first day helped me become confident in school which ultimately shaped the rest of my years there. Thus, it was indeed a memorable experience for me.
Babysitter Babysitter: Crazy Daycare. The Lost Planet: Tower Defense. Victorian Girl Perfect Dress Up. Sim Fighter. Hey, don't go yet! Check out these awesome games! Easy Chess. Mother and Twins Dress Up. Babysitter: Crazy Daycare.
First First Day of School Chalkboard Signs (Updated for 2020-2021) We think each new milestone in a child’s life should be celebrated. So, I’m including all of the grades that kids go through as they move up ever year, plus those special milestones such as the First Day of Preschool, the First Day of Kindergarten, the First Day of Middle School, and the First Day …
254-336-0000School The Killeen Independent School District does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, disability, or age in its programs and activities. The following person has been designated to handle inquiries regarding the non-discrimination policies: School Attorney, 200 North WS Young Drive, Killeen, TX. 76543, 254-336-0000.
On the first day of school, teachers of all grades usually kick things off with special games, crafts, or activities to ensure that kids go home pumped about being back in the classroom.
1. Free First Day of School Printable (Freebie Finding Mom) – This free customizable first day of school sign is a great way to commemorate your child’s progress through school. Make it a family tradition to snap a photo of your child holding this printable before he or she heads off to catch the bus on the first day of school.
You can find these books at your local library or bookstore. If they’re unavailable, you can order them on Amazon by clicking the links provided. It’s Back to School We Go!: First Day Stories from Around the World
Friendly Reminder: The first day of school in Killeen ISD was Monday, August 16, 2021. Killeen ISD is providing in-person learning to all KISD students. To register your child, please visit your zoned campus or click here. | <urn:uuid:c8135066-d61d-45c4-85c1-2b2c59338f70> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://education-online-courses.com/kisd-first-day-of-school/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.899421 | 1,731 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Beta Bowl Students Continue to Innovate and Impress, from AI-Powered B2B Software to Closing the Literacy Gap
NEW YORK, NY / ACCESSWIRE / September 19, 2020 / Krish Chaudhary is a current Beta Bowl student and high school senior who sought out Beta Bowl as an opportunity to combine his computer science expertise and his interest in business in order to help out schools, hospitals, and brick-and-mortar businesses throughout the pandemic.
Krish wasn't thinking about revenue when he created his social distancing and contact-tracing software, which uses facial recognition technology to observe and monitor people in enclosed spaces and ensure social distancing is being practiced. Krish's love for technology, coding prowess, and interest in contributing to the world in a meaningful way is what led him to build this product. However, he aims to ultimately get it into the hands of the people and companies who could make the best use of it, which is why he sought out the Beta Bowl entrepreneurship program to turn his innovative and impressive tech product into a robust B2B business. If you can imagine how accurate facial recognition technology can be applied throughout hospitals, classrooms, and grocery stores, that can give you a small glimpse of the huge potential this application has to keep our world functioning and thriving even amidst this strange time.
Krish isn't the only student making a big difference in people's lives during this disruptive period. Alana Weisberg, a 10th grader who completed the Beta Bowl 6-Week Entrepreneurship program this past summer, has since spun her newfound business expertise into a nonprofit, Bookworm Global, which aims to narrow the education and literacy gap among students of varying socio-economic statuses. In just the past three months, she's already donated over 5000 books to 9 literacy-focused organizations and trained over 150 volunteers and counting.
Beta Bowl has seen an explosion in student business ideas and creativity, from Clare M.K. turning slime into five revenue streams to Zach L., making masks and mask decorating a fun activity for immunocompromised children with his B2B and B2C business. For students who are seeking a productive, impactful, and creative outlet, entrepreneurship just might be the thing for them to try, and Beta Bowl is a great place to start their journey. Beta Bowl graduates have gone on to build multiple businesses, earn over $40k in business and pitch competitions, secure investor funding, and go on to impressive universities and selective business and entrepreneurship programs.
So, what is Beta Bowl? Rachel Greenberg, the program's founder and a former investment banker-turned-entrepreneur and startup consultant refers to Beta Bowl as an educational business incubator that takes teens from ideation through beta launch. When first coming up with the concept for Beta Bowl, Rachel wanted to fill the requests she received from countless parents and youth, as well as to make entrepreneurship accessible and attainable for motivated teens. The program was initially born out of a 40-student focus group, with motivated, entrepreneurial teens from all over the country, and has since grown into a hub of innovation, with hundreds of teens from all over the country, as well as a portion of international students from all over the world, engaging in the virtual business-building enrichment program all year round. Just this past summer, Beta Bowl saw over 350 students complete entrepreneurial immersions in June and July.
The biggest misconception about the program is that students need an entrepreneurial, financial, or business background in order to participate or excel. Rachel says this is not at all the case, and Beta Bowl's hundreds of student testimonials and successful outcomes are clear tangible proof. Beta Bowl is the one end-to-end program for aspiring youth to go from idea to reality and amass a business-building toolkit to facilitate their entrepreneurial pursuits for the foreseeable future. However, Beta Bowl isn't only for entrepreneurial teens; it's for anyone interested in dipping their toes in the waters of entrepreneurship. This is the perfect testing ground for students to gain exposure to building a business and determine if entrepreneurship might be the right path for them. Not to mention, Beta Bowl is also an impressive extracurricular program that students can tout on their resumes and on college applications, as well as in job and internship interviews. Rachel asserts that this is just the beginning for Beta Bowl, and the company looks forward to equipping countless more youth for success in entrepreneurship, as well as expanding their offerings and emerging as the primary facilitator of the next generation of young change-makers and future entrepreneurs.
SOURCE: Beta Bowl
View source version on accesswire.com: | <urn:uuid:e62103b0-fe62-4107-bea1-da097f00b868> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/beta-bowl-students-continue-to-innovate-and-impress-from-ai-powered-b2b-software-to-closing-the-literacy-gap-1029604363 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.9626 | 1,007 | 1.976563 | 2 |
When Is Peach Season in the South?
The internet erupted this month. Argument, controversy, and heated debate on all sides. The subject?
It all started with a mention on Facebook. The New York Times reported that food writer Kathleen Purvis, who happens to be one of our friends from the South, wrote, "Peaches should never be eaten before the Fourth of July. From there, one has six weeks to fill up."
Related: Easy Peach Cobbler
Upon first glance, this may not seem like an inflammatory remark, but in the South, we have strong feelings about our produce. Seasonality, best times to pick, and harvesting methods are things we think about. They are part of our lifelong education surrounding regional food. And, it goes without saying, we Southerners know our peaches. South Carolina and Georgia produce more peaches than any other state in the South—we even have peach-shaped water towers to prove it. "U-Pick" peach orchards and side-of-the-road peach stands are ubiquitous in the humid heat of Southern summers.
Now, I know there are some peach stands in Georgia that disagree with Purvis' statement. Their trees fill with peaches before the Fourth of July, and they pick their harvest, heavy on the fruit-laden branches, weeks before fireworks begin to illuminate Southern skies. There are countless legendary peach stands on the side of Georgia roads. These stands have baskets stacked high all summer, from May to August, filled with peaches ready to eat, cook, and preserve. These peaches are so succulent and sweet that when you dig in, you will probably need a spoon, or at least a napkin. You wouldn't dare miss these peaches before the Fourth of July. Georgians sure don't; they cook their peach recipes all summer, so long as the trees are producing and the peach stands are selling.
It's true that Southern peach season varies by state and by peach type. The South is as wide and varied harvest-wise as it is linguistically and culturally. A North Carolina Fourth of July peach might be as delectable as a Georgia peach in June. (In fact, due to the trees and weather, it probably is.)
Originally imported from Asia, peaches now thrive in the heat of the South and elsewhere throughout the country. According to The New Southern Living Garden Book, peach varieties found in the South include 'Belle of Georgia,' a midseason freestone peach, 'Redhaven,' a medium-size peach that produces early in the season, and 'Cresthaven,' a tree that can produce peaches later in the season. All of these peaches differ slightly—some more widely than others—in terms of when in the season they produce their juicy crop. Because of these variations, the important thing is to do your research. Stop at roadside stands and get to know your state's produce. You'll find out for yourself the best time to gather your harvest and whip up your favorite seasonal dishes.
Speaking of seasonal dishes, we think that now is the perfect time to get in the kitchen and make some of our favorite summery peach recipes. Try our smoky Grilled Peach Cobbler, the cool and refreshing Peach Ice Cream to make the most of this season's beloved stone fruit.
When you decide to eat a peach is up to you, but we hope you'll support Southern farmers and savor one or two—or a basketful—of one our favorite fruits of the season. | <urn:uuid:d1c1d32d-185a-47ce-8867-e0e753766497> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.southernliving.com/food/when-is-peach-season | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.959993 | 724 | 2.5 | 2 |
SUSTAINABILITY OF THE SA MINING INDUSTRY
The investment case in South African resource equities, as in all other equities, should be premised on sustainability. In other words, if factors responsible for economic value creation in mining are not renewable, then mining companies cannot sustain the valuations investors place on them, regardless of the level of those valuations. To elaborate, companies whose shares look cheap can in the medium to long term remain structurally challenged (value trap) or decline into bankruptcy while the value of expensively priced companies could fall. The former represents an opportunity cost of capital while the last two result in outright impairment of capital. At First Avenue, we don’t concern ourselves with outcomes a year or two out because, as we all know, in the short term, share prices movements are random.
Factors of production as well as managerial decisions that lead to their acquisition and application are both sustainable and renewable if they can be improved on intellectually, technologically, or otherwise. By default, non-renewable and non-sustainable factors of production exhaust either physically or economically. There are a number of ways companies can create, renew, and sustain economic value. At First Avenue, we assign greater value to management ideas and behavior that can be explained by applying concepts from the most fundamental organizing principles of knowledge, namely natural and social sciences.
READ THE FULL ARTICLE HERE | <urn:uuid:0986821b-7274-43c3-a404-cf8f93cbf500> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://firstavenue.co.za/mining-in-sa-a-tragedy-of-the-commons/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.930251 | 285 | 2.15625 | 2 |
It was long maintained that Cave paintings originated in Europe. But we were wrong and these 40,000-year-old cave paintings from Indonesia prove it.
Numerous archeological and palaeontological studies have revealed that a plethora of caves in Europe are home to curious, incredible and ample examples of cave paintings dating back tens of thousands of years.
In fact, until recently, experts in the field were convinced that Europe was home to the earliest known cave paintings.
But we were wrong.
Recently found cave paintings in Indonesia depicting animals and other motifs change the way we look at history.
Archeologists have identified a set of cave paintings in the Island of Borneo, and experts say that the ancient art was made more than 40,000 years ago, making the cave paintings much older than examples found in France or Spain.
In fact, until this discovery was made, scientists held Europe as a starting point go how when and where ancient humans began making art.
“The oldest cave art image we dated is a large painting of an unidentified animal, probably a species of wild cattle still found in the jungles of Borneo,” revealed study lead author Maxime Aubert, an archaeologist, and geochemist at Griffith University in Australia.
But more than just representations of life, animals, and food, experts say that the cave paintings in Borneo convey a special message.
“It is now the earliest known figurative artwork,” according to USA Today.
The cave paintings identified by experts in Borneo are believed to be as much as four thousand years older than the oldest cave paintings discovered in Sulawesi.
Interestingly, the cave paintings discovered in Sulawesi in the 1950s were dismissed as being 10,000 years old initially. Scientists had argued that cave art could not survive that long in tropical climates.
“We think it wasn’t just food for them – it meant something special,” Mr. Aubert said.
“Whether this is a coincidence, the result of cultural convergence in widely separated regions, large-scale migrations of a distinct Eurasian population, or another cause remains unknown,” the researchers revealed.
As for who the artists that created the cave paintings were, experts still can’t tell.
“…who the ice age artists of Borneo were and what happened to them is a mystery,” explained co-author of the study, Pindi Setiawan.
The cave paintings from Borneo were known since the 1990s.
The cave paintings inside the cave of Lubang Jeriji Saléh date back perhaps as much as 52,000 years and depict an unknown animal.
The earliest known European figurative cave paintings are those of Chauvet Cave in France. These paintings date to earlier than 30,000 BCE (Upper Paleolithic) according to radiocarbon dating. | <urn:uuid:a23f8fb7-6a80-487d-a247-16984e2da17c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://curiosmos.com/40000-year-old-cave-paintings-in-asia-and-how-we-are-rewriting-the-history-of-art/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.976732 | 624 | 3.359375 | 3 |
Virtual On line
June 22, 2020
June 22, 2020
June 26, 2021
Engineering technology describes a field closely related to engineering in which practical application of learned concepts is emphasized over theoretical knowledge. Although an increasing amount of emphasis is being placed on the importance of this experiential learning in all engineering curricula, and the specifics of engineering technology’s place among engineering and technical fields is becoming clearer, there are still significant gaps in our understanding of several key aspects of this field. One of these aspects is its perception by the general public, which is important in, among other things, determining the employability of engineering technology program graduates and encouraging the development of engineering technology curricula. Currently, existing literature on the subject is sparse, especially compared to the number and extent of similar studies done in related fields; the studies that are performed on the topic are generally restricted to a very specific demographic, and are not easily applicable to the entire population of engineering technology students and professionals. However, what information does exist suggests that this lack of research impedes the professional growth of those who are involved in engineering technology, including restricting the ability of faculty to recruit students interested in engineering technology programs, decreasing the effectiveness of guidance available to those students through advisors and outside programs, and preventing inequities currently present in the engineering field as a whole from being addressed. By acknowledging the gaps in current knowledge, direction for future research may be provided; thus, this review seeks to outline what research already exists on the public perception of engineering technology, and thereby highlight specific areas in which our understanding of this perception is particularly poor.
Lucietto, A. M., & Tan, S., & Russell, L. A., & Johnson, M. E. (2020, June), Public Perception of Engineering Technology: A Literature Review Paper presented at 2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access, Virtual On line . 10.18260/1-2--35109
ASEE holds the copyright on this document. It may be read by the public free of charge. Authors may archive their work on personal websites or in institutional repositories with the following citation: © 2020 American Society for Engineering Education. Other scholars may excerpt or quote from these materials with the same citation. When excerpting or quoting from Conference Proceedings, authors should, in addition to noting the ASEE copyright, list all the original authors and their institutions and name the host city of the conference. - Last updated April 1, 2015 | <urn:uuid:aa6a86c5-383a-4519-9873-e0bd2408963b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://peer.asee.org/public-perception-of-engineering-technology-a-literature-review | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.935684 | 533 | 2.453125 | 2 |
No Ban for Toxic Pesticide
The Environmental Protection Agency has decided not to ban chlorpyrifos, a class of pesticides that have been found to cause a host of neurological problems in children. Recall that the EPA’s own scientists have warned of the dangers of these chemicals, but as ever in our crony government, special interests in the chemical industry won the day.
Natural Health Beats Alzheimer’s
A new study out of the University of Exeter has found that a healthy lifestyle can help prevent Alzheimer’s Disease, even in those who have a genetic risk of the disease. People whose diet was higher in sugar and salt, who did not get regular exercise, and who smoked cigarettes were at greater risk of developing Alzheimer’s. Previous studies have found links with artificial sweeteners and prescription drugs and Alzheimer’s.
Courts Offer Bayer/Monsanto Save
A federal judge has reduced the damages awarded to a California plaintiff who claimed Roundup weedkiller caused his non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, from $80.27 million to $25.27 million. Considering there are about 13,400 plaintiffs suing Bayer/Monsanto over Roundup, this could set a precedent that reduces the payouts the company will have to make.
Medicare Boost for Natural Health
The Trump administration has proposed covering acupuncture for Medicare patients with chronic pain as an alternative to opioid drugs. We have our issues with Medicare, but this is a step in the right direction. As we’ve argued before, natural medicine has much to offer for pain relief (in addition to many other ailments, of course). It’s too bad that it took an opioid epidemic to kill hundreds of thousands of Americans before the government saw safe and effective natural medicine as an alternative. This kind of victory is amazing given the entrenched interests in Washington who want to keep giving us expensive, ineffective pharmaceutical drugs to treat chronic diseases when natural health can offer so much more | <urn:uuid:44e792c0-74e5-47e1-a881-be16a051ee22> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://anh-usa.org/news-clips-july-25-2019/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.959221 | 403 | 1.984375 | 2 |
I love National Novel Writing Month! It’s fall, so it’s time to start thinking about what I’ll write in November! (so far I’m as far as “no idea,” “probably fantasy but idk,” and “definitely not my main fantasy series”)
I’ve done NaNoWriMo every year since 2005. I’ve won NaNoWriMo every year since 2005. That’s at least 50k (one year it was 100!) every november since 2005. That’s… a lot of words. And that’s not even counting all the non-November NaNo style events I’ve done in the meantime (my record for those is… not a great. I don’t know what it is about November that works better for me).
NaNoWriMo is popular. According to the official website for National Novel Writing Month, there were over 307,000 writers participating in 2017. Moreover, it is increasingly being used as a tool for teaching early drafting strategies, narrative structure, and writerly discipline in schools of all levels. The same data claim over 95,000 participants in the Young Writers Program, which is a scaled down NaNoWriMo challenge for writers in K-12 grades. Many of these participants are engaging in the program at their teacher’s behest, either through simple encouragement or through structured, graded classroom activity.
Obviously, we need to know if this is working. And given that NaNoWriMo turns 20 this year, we probably should know by now, shouldn’t we?
I have attempted conducting formal research on NaNoWriMo several times since 2012. As a teacher of writing, albeit primarily academic writing, I’m keenly interested in knowing the effects of participating in NaNoWriMo on developing writers, especially given its popularity. I say attempted, though, because despite having been able to secure IRB approval and participants several times, my data has been… not very useful. It’s been small samples, sometimes compromised by timing, and otherwise not really worth writing home about (or, you know, writing journals about).
This is not my problem alone. There is very little objective research on NaNoWriMo available. We have, of course, the nonprofit organization’s own annual reports, which tell a very interesting story of growth in participants, but a curious plateau of winning recently. And we have just one peer-reviewed study that I can locate that does indicate that the write-in model of writing often used by NaNoWriMo participants is especially effective at boosting word count, in comparison to simply doing NaNoWriMo without a write-in. (Watson, 2012) (If I am missing any significant studies, please comment and let me know!)
Most published material on NaNoWriMo in the scholarship seems to be personal anecdotes, such as Larry Burton’s “Lessons from NaNoWriMo” (Burton, 2009). And while there are now some naysayers about the event speaking out, such as this by Angus Kidman, the majority of personal narratives regarding NaNoWriMo (including the naysayers) seem to be fairly positive.
In fact, although I admit that this is largely a sense I’ve gotten overall and I haven’t done the specific discourse analysis (yet!), many of these personal narratives take on a sort of evangelical tone, resembling in some way religious conversion narratives. This may account for what I suspect is the largest barrier to understanding if NaNoWriMo does net good for writing students, or if there may be some harm in it. That barrier is:
What happens to the people who disappear?
We know what happens to the people who try and win. They often go on to do it again, and they are often quite vocal about it. They often try to recruit others, too.
But generally, you start with a lot of interested people, and about halfway through the month, people start just disappearing. When I ran write-ins on campus last year, attendance dropped to less than half of initial participation by the end of the month. When I attempted a pre-test and post-test survey of participants recruited online through social media, I received about 20 initial participants, and only about 10 post-tests, all from people who won the event. What I was hoping for was to hear from people who didn’t.
So what happens to the people who write perhaps ten thousand words and disappear? We don’t know. They disappear. They don’t go around talking about their experience. Do they come out of it convinced they can’t write, they just aren’t writers, and should never write again? We don’t know.
We do know that NaNoWriMo definitely works well for some people, and those people should continue participating. But if, in fact, NaNoWriMo only benefits a certain kind of learner–likely those who already identify as writers–are we in fact doing harm to the other kinds of learners when we push it in the classroom?
We don’t know.
And that’s the problem.
Unfortunately, I’m not sure at this point how to design a study that can identify and describe the experiences of the people who disappear from the sample. I’m working on it. And I’d love to hear your suggestions or experiences if you have anything that might help!
List of scholarly sources cited:
Burton, L. (2009). Lessons From NaNoWriMo. Journal of Research on Christian Education : JRCE., 18(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/10656210902752006
Watson, A. P. (2012). NaNoWriMo in the AcadLib: A case study of national novel writing month activities in an academic library. Public Services Quarterly, 8(2), 136. doi:10.1080/15228959.2012.675273 | <urn:uuid:5e5da59e-fd20-4b66-a8fc-ef7eeb2f0fe1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://angelarcox.home.blog/2019/09/26/my-problem-with-national-novel-writing-month/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.955029 | 1,290 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Explaining her reasons for turning to the roman noir when in her fifties, after decades of teaching history at a university in Paris, Dominique Manotti points to François Mitterrand. His presidency, she has said, sounded the death knell for hopes of a radical transformation of French society. Fiction, though, offered her an alternative form of resistance – if only as a stubborn refusal to let things lie. Now aged 78, Manotti has written a dozen novels on subjects ranging from football corruption and factory protests to police violence and oil trading, mostly set in contemporary France. To better appreciate her work, it is useful to understand why it was the noir genre she chose rather than the policier, or detective novel. In a talk she gave at the University of Bari in 2009, she explained this well:
In ‘traditional’ detective fiction, a crime (or more than one crime) takes place and creates a rupture in the order of things. An unacceptable disorder – an unacceptable transgression – takes place at the start of the novel. An investigator (or more than one) carries out an investigation, which results in the discovery of the culprit(s) and the restoration of order. The detective story is by definition an ordered novel. Evil exists, but in the end, order is restored. You have scared yourself, but you can sleep soundly. The crime is an individual act, which is explained through personal motives and relationships.
The detective novel is steeped in psychology, and even psychiatry when you have the character of the serial killer, which is the new archetype of this kind of fiction. The noir novel, however, roots its crimes in the particular social circumstances in which they are committed. It is no longer the individual alone who is the criminal but the world of suffering, misery, violence and corruption in which we live which produces criminal individuals, this world that law and justice cover up without ever addressing. The reestablishment of order, if it takes place at all, is never more than a fragile reestablishment of an appearance of order and peace. Disorder is the true state of this tragic world. We are poles apart from any kind of edifying literature. The noir novel seems to use the same codes as detective fiction, and reuses the same characters such as the detective, but it does so with a very different scope: crime and disorder are not accidents that can be remedied. Disorder is at the very heart of social organization; it is its irreparable truth.
And it is this way of seeing things that strikes me as better adapted to the understanding of my time. It seems to me that we are living in a world that has a heightened awareness of the crisis it faces, a world that sees the imbalance and loss of control, and therefore the danger.
This goes some way to accounting for the general darkness and despair that hangs over Manotti’s novels. One could call it an engaged pessimism. She writes novels to call out what she considers unacceptable in society, but she has few expectations that what she details in her books will go away. Much of the time she is also drawing from fact, and these true stories have all ended badly, as is the case for Marseille 73, her thirteenth and latest novel which was published last year.
Manotti is the pen name of Marie-Noëlle Thibault, born in Paris in 1942. She was a student in 1968 and describes the shock of France’s bloody involvement in the Algerian war for independence as the key event that oriented her towards a life of political activity. At university she joined the French Communist Party and went on to do a doctorate in economic history. For many years she taught history at Vincennes, where she was a union leader and worked on the journal Les Cahiers de mai. She published her first roman noir in 1995.
Manotti has a recurring detective, Inspector Daquin, whom she is clearly fond of and who we in turn warm to as readers. He is a classic noir character: a flawed and brilliant outsider, sensitive but with a violent streak. He is the same age as Manotti but unlike her played no role in 1968 – all we learn is that he was ‘out of the country’ at the time. By giving Daquin no association with a period that for her was crucial, Manotti distanced herself from her protagonist, perhaps to avoid caricature, or loading him with too much partisan baggage. Daquin is also gay and has a tormented past, which comes back in flashes throughout the books, as in the following extract from KOP from 1998. The style is typical Manotti – little bursts of biographical detail about her characters, infrequent but enough to give us a clear sense of each of them, with a curious switching between third and first person that lends immediacy to the scene:
Daquin enters the main hall of the hospital of Lisle-en-Seine. He is at once overcome by anxiety. All through his childhood, the spectacle of his mother, high on drugs and alcohol, a very slow decline, a medically assisted suicide. Since then, a badly managed fear of the world of doctors. And then Lenglet, his old friend, dead from AIDS, in hospital, just two years ago… Sam (the journalist). Surprised to see his face so drawn, in this harsh light. I had forgotten already.
Five of Manotti’s books have appeared in English so far, and more have German, Italian and Spanish versions. In France, it was her 2008 novel Lorraine Connection which first reached a wide audience. It is one of her strongest books, its power perhaps deriving from her own experience as a union leader. The novel is inspired by a real incident: the fire that broke out at the Daewoo factory in Mont St Michel in 2003, which was blamed on trade unionists protesting ahead of the factory’s closure. Manotti did not believe the official account and so decided to investigate – the novel was the result. Among her other notable works are Bien connu des services de police from 2010, which won France’s most prestigious crime-writing prize. Dedicated to her students in the Saint-Denis college where she had taught for many years, the novel was inspired by the wave of police violence in the suburbs in 2005. Another accomplished novel, L’honorable société, co-written with a fellow noir author Hervé Albertazzi – penname DOA – and originally intended to be a television series, was published the following year. It follows a group of environmental activists who witness a murder and become embroiled in a political cover-up.
In Marseille 73, Manotti returns to a time and place she had already visited in a previous novel, Or noir from 2015. The earlier book had dealt with the oil boom and rise of traders in the 1970s, featuring Daquin aged 27, just starting out in his first post with the Marseille police department. In Marseille 73 Daquin is with us again, but this time Manotti concentrates on a specific set of events in 1973. She says she was inspired to write the novel after learning about the wave of assassinations that had taken place that year in France, when some 50 people were killed in six months. The murders were targeted hits on Arabs, with 20 or so killed in Marseille alone. The deaths however were brushed under the carpet – Manotti only found out about them decades later. Typical of her modus operandi, she investigated. The novel appeared two years later.
‘I wrote it to resist forgetting’, she said in an interview published on her website. This is a simple way to summarize all her work. She uses fictional form to expose the real mechanics of power and corruption. ‘Warning’, she wrote at the start of Lorraine Connection, ‘This is a novel. Everything is true and everything is false.’
Marseille 73 is ultimately an indictment of France under Pompidou and Giscard d’Estaing, the presidents who came after 68 and who sought to erase the inglorious events of that period. These include the activities of the OAS, or L’Organisation armée secrète, the clandestine and murderous French paramilitary group that carried out terrorist attacks in Algeria in the last year of the war. De Gaulle had granted amnesty to its leaders in 1968, and by the 1970s they were being reintegrated into the police force and the army. Meanwhile, the racism of the Front National was on the rise.
The novel opens with an order made by the French government in 1972 that set the stage for the subsequent wave of violence the following year:
In the fall of 1972, the French government decided to control the immigrant population much more strictly than it had done until then. The Marcellin-Fontanet circular requires immigrants who wish to come to France or who already reside there to have an employment contract and to have adequate accommodation in order to be able to obtain a residence permit and thus be ‘regularized’. Eighty-six percent of immigrants present on French soil suddenly switch from the category of ‘unofficial workers’ to ‘illegal workers’ and overnight a new category, that of the ‘sans-papiers’ is created – making them candidates for expulsion from France in the summer of 1973.
In Grasse [a town near Marseille] as elsewhere, foreign workers feel threatened. They do not have work contracts or decent housing. On 11 June 1973, they protested in Grasse’s old town, where many had been housed in slums, and over the following days they decided to strike, calling for job contracts and better housing. At night, the city walls were covered with black and white posters reading: ‘Stop uncontrolled immigration’, signed under the new decree.
The Grasse mayor refused to meet with the workers and instead called in the riot police to crack down on protests, which they did with brutal enthusiasm. The local, non-Arab population was also spurred to action and a special anti-immigrant committee was created.
The declared objective is ‘to get rid of the thousand idlers who undermine the good reputation of the city’. The mayor tells the press: ‘these immigrant protests are absolutely scandalous and undermine public order. It is no less scandalous that they are not more severely repressed’. He adds, ‘It’s very tedious, you know, to be invaded by them’.
After this sobering prologue, the main story of Marseille 73 begins with the brutal murder of a bus driver, a real case that followed several targeted killings of immigrant workers in Marseille and dozens more deaths across the country. In the novel, Daquin discovers that the investigations carried out so far have been woefully inadequate. Generally the crimes were dismissed as instances of ‘settling scores between rival gangs’, regardless of whether the victims had criminal records. Then a particularly shocking murder takes place: a 16-year-old Algerian, Malek, is shot three times as he waited on the street for a friend. As Daquin looks into it, he discovers the initial investigations have been botched and that no real attempt is being made to find the killers – prompting him to quietly pursue the leads himself.
The story is compelling as fiction, but it is shocking when considered as drawn from fact. Daquin’s investigation focuses on the killings, but he goes on to discover the disturbing truth about the police force – rife with racism and former OAS members – who saw Marseille as round two of the Algerian war. Marseille 73 details all of this as well as the rise of the far-right groups that legitimised anti-immigrant sentiment. It is interesting to learn that in the 1970s the media had not yet started to demonize the Front National; instead there was a generalized complacency by reporters to covering the wave of violence towards Arab communities. The police, meanwhile, are portrayed as operating more like a mafia, with decisions made in dark bistros and business considerations looming large over promotions within the force. Daquin can only rely on a few trusted colleagues and the family of the dead teenager, who are portrayed in stark contrast to the police. We also gain insight into how immigrant workers organized strikes over the lack of justice for the killings.
True to her definition of the noir genre resolving nothing by the end of the story, Marseille 73 offers no satisfactory final scene in the drawing room with the perpetrator of the crime exposed and moral order reestablished. Daquin’s investigation does manage to put a police officer in jail – the henchman Picon, Malek’s killer. But on his first night locked up he dies. The official report says it was a heart attack, but everyone involved in the case knows it was an inside job: Picon was killed by his fellow officers, who feared that he would expose their corruption to save himself once he stood trial. When Daquin asks Malek’s family if they want to push for a conviction of Picon’s killers, they dismiss the idea of getting real justice for their son – Picon’s conviction was the best they could hope for. In France, Malek’s father says, the legal system tells us that as North Africans ‘our lives are worth nothing’.
One does not read Manotti’s novels for subtle psychological portraits or the cool literary style found in the best noir fiction. Her prose is closer to being ‘cinematic’, as it was described by one French reviewer. The action moves along swiftly; we have few inner thoughts of characters but a great deal about their environment and about their interactions with each other. Marseille 73 is a fine example of this, but its subject matter is particularly unsettling and important. Algeria continues to cast a long shadow in France decades after the end of the war, and much still remains unsaid or hidden from view. Manotti employs her training as a historian to unearth the facts, and the techniques of noir to chip away at shameful events that we should not be allowed to forget.
Read on: Emilie Bickerton on the autofiction of Fatima Daas. | <urn:uuid:ef339ecc-9650-425f-ba43-67756ecb6915> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://newleftreview.org/sidecar/posts/engaged-pessimism | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.978386 | 2,968 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Tephra layer that is 1-3 cm thick and 0.5-4 cm from the base of the 1912 Novarupta fallout layer. Pl>opx>cpx; opx:cpx = 17:1.
Explosive eruptive record in the Katmai region, Alaska Peninsula: an overview
This website is supported by the U.S. Geological Survey under Cooperative Agreement Grant G19AC00060 and G19AC00171.
Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. | <urn:uuid:a63a4bdc-0f58-4f70-b0b7-dddb4b6daaf6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://avo.alaska.edu/samples/sample_info.php?sampleID=167291 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.812908 | 133 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Pick up six (×)
Learners practice multiplication by placing counters on the board.
- 2 Dice
- 12 Counters
How to play
- Two players – each has 6 beans/counters of different colours.
- Each player places their 6 beans on any squares on the board.
- Take turns to place them on the board.
- You may not place them on the same square as another player.
- Think VERY carefully about where you put your beans – there are some squares that are really bad choices!
- Roll two dice – multiply them together to get the answer. If the answer is a
square on which you or your partner have a bean you can take that bean
off the board.
- The first person to remove all their beans from the board wins. | <urn:uuid:ee4124e3-99b4-4f55-869d-94bac8f18aba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mathsclubs.co.za/activities/pick-up-six-multiplication/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.953385 | 167 | 3.46875 | 3 |
Neville Goddard published 10 books during his life, in addition to an extensive speaking career during which he gave innumerable lectures and seminars.
All of his teachings revolve around what he described as the psychological interpretation of The Bible, which teaches how man can evolve into an clear, conscious understanding of how to use imagination to create reality.
Goddard was independently wealthy and gave many of his lectures for free or nominal cost. All of his books are now in the public domain, and can be found below.
PDF and Ebook Downloads
Feeling Is The Secret
Feeling is the Secret was originally published in 1944 and is one of Neville Goddard’s most influential works. In it, he uses the Bible as a reference point to explain the evolution of the psychology of Man, and explains how you create your reality through your imagination. When you can create a clear image of your desire, you can feel into the state of being it takes to become that desire, and the results will manifest in your life.
Out Of This World: Thinking Fourth Dimensionally
In Out of This World: Thinking Fourth Dimensionally, Goddard offers a new paradigm for how we can think about our lives. Originally published in 1949, Goddard uses a series of case studies to illuminate how you can think from then end, and imagine the feeling of the wish fulfilled in order to create the circumstances you most desire in your life.
At Your Command
At Your Command explains Goddard’s Principle of Expression. In it, he outlines how we express our deepest thoughts and desires in the world around us, and how we can use this knowledge to cultivate a deliberate attitude of success at any goal.
Originally published in 1954, Awakened Imagination explains Goddard’s philosophy of the concept of the Christ within each of us. This principle represents a universal force that makes forgiveness possible and causes us to become empowered to achieve any aim.
Your Faith Is Your Fortune
In 1941 Neville Goddard published his second book, Your Faith Is Your Fortune. This book goes to explain the foundation in which we all experience reality, our awareness, and our pure consciousness. Nevile covers within this book when the human consciousness imagines itself as something, it will then become it. Through imagining and visualization we can attune ourself to that which we want to experience.
The Law and The Promise
Within this book Neville Goddard gets into the nitty gritty details of imagination. The true nature of reality and man’s imagination will inspire you when you come to understand just how it works through Neville’s book. This book can be read slowly to drink up all its wise teachings!
The Power of Awareness
This book was written in 1952 and guides you through the unveiling of the substance of life, consciousness. Neville Goddard teaches the actual steps to manifestation which include being ready to let the you that lives the reality wanting your dreams to die in order for the you that lives the life of your dreams to take over.
Seedtime and Harvest
This book teaches the fine details of mentally writing out the drama of your desires. It includes many real-life examples of people’s experiences using Neville’s explained techniques. These examples are even from people using imagination techniques without fully being aware that is what they are doing. Neville breaks down the process of how using your imagination works so that you can perfect how you approach using it.
Prayer, The Art of Believing
Neville wrote, “This book is an attempt to reduce the unknown to the known, by pointing out conditions on which prayers are answered, and without which they cannot be answered.” Understanding human imagination and how our belief system impacts our reality is incredibly important in being able to work with manifestation.
Freedom For All
Within Freedom For All Neville Goddard explains his interpretation of the bible and relates it to human consciousness. He explains how there is no accident or external force that has predestined our life. The key is within working with your subconscious by shifting your feelings. This is a powerful book to learn exactly how human consciousness works and then creates what we assume as the external and separate.
More Downloads Are Coming Soon…
We’re working on creating digital, public domain volumes of all of Goddard’s work. Be sure to check back soon for more free downloads, as we work our way through the following list!
The Creative Use of Imagination
To learn more about Neville Goddard’s teachings, check out the following posts. | <urn:uuid:fbe128a0-d17d-414c-90b0-9f0c59cbf039> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thejoywithin.org/authors/neville-goddard/free-pdf-ebook-downloads | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.9474 | 928 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Chapter 2: Impact of your grandparent’s death on you
Thoughts and feelings
After her funeral, this strange numbness came over me when I felt like I should be falling apart. I wanted to be falling apart. It’s what would have made sense, given the depth of our relationship and how much I love her.
I was quite young when my grandfather died and didn’t think much about it at the time. As the years have gone by, certain memories have come back to me, and I now wish I could talk to him again.
After your grandparent’s death, you may have different and
sometimes conflicting feelings. Click each one to read more.
If they suffered pain, decreased abilities, or loss of independence, you might feel relief that their struggles are over.
If you were a caregiver or if your grandparent’s personality or behaviour created problems in your family, you may feel relieved that the burden has been lifted.
If you feel relief, you may then feel guilty.
Even if you know that your grandparent wanted you to live your life as fully as possible, you might feel some regret about not spending more time with them or not taking time to learn more about their life. You may grieve the lost chance to “soak up” their knowledge or wisdom.
You may be angry about something your grandparent did or said; or you may be angry with someone else for their treatment of your grandparent.
It is not uncommon or abnormal to have feelings that seem strange
or “wrong.” Some of these
feelings may be expected, while others might surprise or even shock you. You
may feel worried or confused by the intensity of your feelings, especially if
they are “mixed” or they catch you off guard.
Remember that feelings are just feelings; they are neither right nor wrong. A feeling of relief, guilt, regret, or anger is only one among many. You may also feel sadness, which is not lessened by relief or other feelings.
What may help
Take some time to think about where your feelings are coming from and what they might mean to you. This can lead to learning and healing as you come to new understandings of your grandparent, your relationship, and yourself.
Reflect on the impact of your grandparent’s life on your own life and on the lives of others. Consider your grandparent’s legacy, whether it is positive or negative. There may be “life lessons,” values, or beliefs that you have adopted or rejected. Perhaps your grief will change how you think or act in your relationships with other people.
Remember that thoughts and feelings can change over time. Be patient and expect some ups and downs. If you are suddenly overwhelmed by intense feelings, this doesn’t mean you’ve gone “backwards.”
Trust yourself. Some people like to talk about their thoughts and emotions and others don’t. Some people need time to process feelings while other people need to keep busy. It might be that both apply to you depending on circumstances. It might be that you use both approaches, sometimes talking and other times doing. Trust yourself to know what feels right for you.
Explore local and online supports and resources, including bereavement support groups, that may help you to feel less isolated as you connect with other grieving people.
If thoughts or feelings are very intense or interfering with your day-to-day life, consider speaking with your family physician, a faith leader, or a grief counsellor. | <urn:uuid:d3109c20-a518-49ab-9a73-3772b6a5bf5c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mygrief.ca/mod/lesson/view.php?id=962&pageid=2361 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.964173 | 752 | 2.3125 | 2 |
The Seven States of the Former Yugoslavia: An Evaluation
The area formerly known as Yugoslavia, positioned at the crossroads of East and West, is a melting pot of ethnicities and religions. As one country, Yugoslavia’s rich multi-culturalism was a source of contention, culminating in a series of bloody conflicts in the early 1990s. The Dayton Accords of 1995 brought peace to the region and created separate nations organized along ethnic and religious lines. Sixteen years after the signing of the Dayton Accords, we examine the geo-political situation in each of the seven independent states of the former Yugoslavia.
Bosnia and Herzegovina
In the early 1990s, there was considerable ethnic-religious conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Dayton Peace Accords had the immediate impact of bringing the inter-ethnic strife to an end. Bosnia and Herzegovina was confirmed as a sovereign state. Today, the country is slightly smaller than West Virginia and has a population of over four and a half million.
However, the political solution that ended the war is complex.
However, the political solution that ended the war is complex. There are two tiers of government. The first tier is a national government, responsible for Bosnia-Herzegovina’s economic, fiscal and foreign policies. The second tier of government administers the internal functions of two entities: the Bosniak Croat Federation and Republika Srpska (RS). The first entity—the Bosniak Croat Federation—is composed primarily of people of Bosniak and Croatian ethnic backgrounds. Republika Srpska—the second entity—is overwhelmingly Serb. An additional area, the Brčko District in northeastern Bosnia, was previously held by both entities. It is now a self-governing administrative unit under international supervision.
In addition to the tiered government, an Office of the High Representative (OHR) was created under the Dayton Accords with “the authority to impose legislation and remove officials.” Created during the great rush to obtain an agreement to end the conflict, there was subsequently serious doubt about creating an external authority that could interfere in the internal matters of a sovereign state. In our opinion, Republika Srpska does not support the institution of the OHR because it feels that those aligned with the OHR are less willing to have open discussions and meaningful negotiations about matters of the state since they can always fall back on the OHR if they do not approve of the results.
The situation remains complex, but there is overwhelming support for the continuation of peace. In Republika Srpska there is a positive sense of forward movement. Although, the majority of the citizens are from the Serb Orthodox culture, Catholic and Bosniak minority communities enjoy religious freedom. The Croatian minority and the Bosniak majority are developing a better understanding of life in a pluralistic society. There is, however, a level of pessimism about the future in the Croatian community that is resulting in a number of younger Croatians leaving the country.
The bilateral relationship with the United States is now favorable. While there has been some discussion about updating the Dayton Peace Accords, there is increasing hesitation about changing a system that, for the most part, is at least working. In a recent interview, the Minister of the Interior of Republika Srpska Stanislav Cado, stated, “The more time passes and the more I read, the more impressed I am with the wording of the Accord.”
Bosnia and Herzegovina aspires to become a European Union member state. The integration process will be one of negotiation and compromise. In the view of the authors, the goal of being a European Union member state can only be achieved by setting aside internal political strife.
Croatia, a country slightly smaller than the state of West Virginia with a population of nearly 4.5 million people, has historic ties with central Europe. It was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the end of World War I and young Croatian men, known for their bravery, were frequently recruited to serve as soldiers in the armies of major European powers.
The country has experienced several difficult periods in its history. Following the breakup of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Croatia went through some of the same political transformations as her neighbors. During World War II, Croatia, under the control of Nazi Germany, declared its independence and allied itself with the Axis powers. Another difficult period in recent Croatian history was in the early 1990s when the Croats fought to expunge Serbs from areas they claimed were an intrinsic part of the Croatian state. These four years of struggle ended in 1995.
In 1998, Croatia was able to occupy all of eastern Slovenia. With regard to the country’s foreign policy, Croatia is a candidate country for membership in the European Union. It joined NATO in 2009 and enjoys a good bilateral relationship with the United States.
Kosovo was a highly disputed territory constituting around 15 percent of Serbia. Slightly larger than Delaware, Kosovo became the youngest independent state of the former Yugoslavia with its declaration of independence on February 17, 2008. Landlocked and with few natural resources, the country has benefited from the aid and assistance of the West, especially the United States. While Kosovo is now a member of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, her neighbor, Serbia, continues to reject Kosovo’s independence.
The area is rich with Serbian history. The World Factbook states that “during the medieval period, Kosovo became the center of a Serbian Empire and saw the construction of many important Serb religious sites.” It was also here that the Serbs suffered a major defeat by the Ottoman Turks in the Battle of Kosovo in 1389. The Albanian presence continued to grow and, by the end of the 19th century, Albanians had become the dominant ethnic group in Kosovo.
The growth of the Albanian community led to increased demands for greater minority rights by ethnic Albanians, particularly during the 1980s. In 1990, Serbian President Slobodan Milošević authorized a brutal counterinsurgency; many Albanians were killed or wounded. The severity of the counterinsurgency led to a three month NATO-led military operation against Serbia, which resulted in the withdrawal of Serbian military and police forces from Kosovo. Interim arrangements designed to ease tensions failed and the Kosovo Assembly declared the country’s independence in 2008.
Located in the southern part of the former Yugoslavia, Macedonia, an area slightly larger than Vermont, declared its independence in 1991. Greece objected to the name “Macedonia,” due to its roots in classical history. For this reason, upon the country’s independence, “Macedonia” was temporarily designated “the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.” Although the naming issue has not been fully resolved, most countries, including the United States, refer to the country as the “Republic of Macedonia” today. While Greece maintained a trade embargo for the first several years after Macedonia’s declaration of independence, diplomatic relations have since been normalized.
There are two primary ethnic groups in the Republic: Macedonians (64.2 percent of the population) and Albanians (25.2 percent of the population). In 2001, ethnic Albanians protested various inequities which resulted in the Ohrid Framework Agreement (2001). Brokered by the international community, Ohrid transformed Macedonia into a bi-cultural community in which the majority ethnic group determines the official language of that community. The rights of minorities were advanced. While the United States remains concerned about some issues of corruption and human trafficking in Macedonia, the bilateral relationship is strong.
The co-authors recently visited Montenegro, a country slightly smaller than Connecticut, with a population of almost 662,000, located on the shores of the Adriatic Sea. The outlook, articulated by some Balkan specialists on the future of Montenegro was pessimistic, but in the few years since independence, Montenegro’s stability has erased this pessimism and the country is now an example of a small but stable state in the West Balkans.
Following the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia’s dissolution in 1992, Montenegro entered into a federation with Serbia. It began transitioning to full independence despite a loose state union in 2003 known as “Serbia and Montenegro.” The 14 years of transition passed peacefully and in June 2006, following a decade of negotiations, Montenegro became the 192nd member state of the United Nations. The United States played a significant role in the negotiations that led to Montenegrin independence in 2006, and the bilateral relationship remains favorable today.
Among the countries of the former Yugoslavia, Serbia, which is slightly smaller than South Carolina, is well-known for its involvement in international affairs for over 200 years. Appearing first as a sovereign state in 1878 when its independence from the Ottoman Empire was recognized by European powers, the region was known as the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes upon its formation in 1918. Following World War I, the region emerged as a central power, changing its name to “Yugoslavia” in 1929.
Josip “Tito” Broz, the leader of the Partisans in the struggle against Nazi Germany during World War II, emerged as the leader of Yugoslavia in 1945. Although regarded as a communist, he guided Yugoslavia via the Non-Aligned Movement. He led Yugoslavia until his death in 1980.
After almost a decade of weak internal leadership, Slobodan Milošević became President of Serbia in 1989. An ultra-nationalist, Milošević advocated Serb domination which led to the violent breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991. The result was a more intense ethnic division with Croatia, Slovenia and Macedonia in 1991 and Bosnia in 1992 declaring their independence as sovereign states.
In April 1992, Milošević became the leader of the Federal Yugoslav Republic, encompassing Serbia and Montenegro. He remained a strong promoter of “Greater Serbia,” and the use of military force to unite Serbians of the neighboring republics. Ethnic-religious tensions became more serious in 1998 when Milošević undertook a counter-insurgency campaign in response to civil disturbances by ethnic Albanians in Kosovo; many died. The Milošević government also expelled large numbers of Albanians living in Kosovo. Milošević was adamant in his refusal to discuss a solution to the problem in Kosovo; this led to the NATO bombing of Serbia. In 1999, both Serbian military and police forces were withdrawn from Kosovo and NATO forces entered the country to protect ethnic minorities. Kosovo declared its independence from Serbia in 2008, thereby ending the targeting of ethnic Serbs.
The situation in Serbia has resulted in a residual atmosphere of national disappointment and aspirations for a “Greater Serbia” have faded. The hope that Montenegro would remain in a political union with Serbia did not materialize and Kosovo, home of so many members of the Serb Orthodox faith, is now an independent state. Serbia has experienced a few difficult years. Fortunately, President Boris Tadić, who has led the country since 2004, is an internationally-respected leader.
With a population of slightly more than two million and an area slightly smaller than New Jersey, the country now called Slovenia was strongly influenced by its historic and cultural ties to Western Europe. It was a contingent of the Roman Empire, the Holy Roman Empire, and the Hapsburg Dynasty before becoming part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Following the dissolution of the Empire in 1919, the Slovenes joined their Croatian and Serb neighbors in 1929 in forming a multinational state named “Yugoslavia.” Following World War II, Slovenia became a republic within the communist Yugoslavia. In 1991, driven by the goal of full freedom from the Serb majority, Slovenia declared its independence after a ten-day struggle.
Slovenia is the most flourishing of the former member states of Yugoslavia, enjoying strong economic benefits from a stable political system. The country is a member of NATO and the European Union. With its strong alliances, Slovenia will most likely continue to grow in influence during the 21st century.
Currently, there is some debate concerning the land and maritime boundary agreement between Croatia and Slovenia. The agreement, “which would have ceded most of Piran Bay and maritime access to Slovenia and several villages to Croatia, remains ungratified and in dispute.” There is also strife regarding a 2003 Croatian claim to an exclusive economic zone in the Adriatic Sea. Slovenia is also trying to improve cross-border cooperation with Croatia concerning the southern border.
The birth of Yugoslavia is in some ways attributable to US President Woodrow Wilson who, at the Versailles Peace Conference in 1919, actively supported the formation of the Kingdom of the Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs—the predecessor of Yugoslavia. During the Bosnian War of 1992-1995, the United States, under President Clinton, gave decisive leadership to ending that conflict in 1995 with the Dayton Peace Accords. The United States continues to have a special attachment to the seven states that were formerly part of Yugoslavia and enjoys close relations with these seven states. Today, like the United States, the area of Yugoslavia is multiculturally diverse and widely engaged with the international and regional communities in order to improve the lives of its citizens.
In the opinion of the co-authors, the international community should refrain from imposing any new solutions on these states. Their sovereignty should be respected and they are at peace with one another. Their futures are in their hands.
“Bosnia and Herzegovina,” The CIA World Factbook, 16 August 2011.
J. Cushman Laurent, Personal Interview on 13 July 2011 with Minister of Interior (Republika Srpska) Stanislav Cado.
“Croatia,” The CIA World Factbook, 16 August 2011.
“Kosovo,” The CIA World Factbook, 16 August 2011.
“Macedonia,” The CIA World Factbook, 16 August 2011.
Percentages from the 2002 census as reported in “Macedonia,” The CIA World Factbook, 16 August 2011.
“Montenegro,” The CIA World Factbook, 16 August 2011.
“Serbia,” The CIA World Factbook, 16 August 2011.
This date, 1878, is largely accepted by the international community as the date when sovereignty was recognized.
“Slovenia,” The CIA World Factbook, 16 August 2011.
Candidate for Master’s Degree, Institute of World Politics;
Executive Assistant to the Sr. Diplomat in Residence, Institute of World Politics | <urn:uuid:0fb2c689-09c4-4921-af81-2d3a8643cbac> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://americanambassadors.org/publications/ambassadors-review/fall-2011/the-seven-states-of-the-former-yugoslavia-an-evaluation | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.963525 | 3,180 | 3.140625 | 3 |
This route connected to Dubuque Chicago on the east, making it an important route. In 1867, Illinois Central began to lease the D&SC.
In 1869, the Iowa Falls and Sioux City Railroad continued construction west, reaching Sioux City by the end of 1870.
This new construction was in response to a fear by the directors of the D&SC that the Illinois Central would lose interest in the company. Reaching Sioux City promised a large volume of traffic into Chicago.
The route helped develop several major Iowa towns, including Iowa Falls, Fort Dodge and Cherokee.
In 1888, the IF&SC was merged into the D&SC. By 1900, new connections would be open to Omaha, Sioux Falls and Onawa.
Relatively uncommon in the modern world of railroading, the Illinois Central did not fully consume the D&SC until 1946. Despite this, virtually every project was Illinois Central funded until then.
Immediately after this, the IC went to work rebuilding numerous older truss bridges along the line. This route served as the western mainline for the Illinois Central, which had grown to be considerable in size.
In 1972, the IC merged with the Gulf, Mobile & Ohio Railroad to form the Illinois Central Gulf. The ICG dissolved back into the Illinois Central in 1988.
The entire western main line and associated branch lines of the IC were sold to a railroad known as the Chicago Central and Pacific Railroad in 1985.
Just 11 years later, the route would again be purchased by Illinois Central. By 1999, the Illinois Central was purchased by Canadian National.
In 2017, Canadian National operates the Cedar Falls-Fort Dodge segment of this line as the Waterloo Subdivision.
This deck girder bridge crosses high above the Iowa River in Iowa Falls.
Built in 1944, the bridge contains six deck girder spans crossing the Iowa River and a small road. The bridge was built to replace an 1895 vintage deck truss. This in turn replaced a wooden covered deck truss, which burned.
The deck girders on the end each use a variable depth, likely to avoid the bluffs below. This gives one end the appearance of being "fishbellied".
The substructures are a combination of encased stone, concrete and a steel tower on either end. The older stone abutments on either end can still be seen.
Overall, the bridge appears to be in good condition, with little significant deterioration.
Historic photo of the previous bridge. Credit to PhotoLibrarian on Flickr, used with Creative Commons permission.
The author has ranked this bridge as being locally significant, due to the common design.
The photo above is an overview. The bridge can be accessed from the road underneath.
|Upstream||UP Iowa River Bridge (Alden)|
|Downstream||Iowa Falls Rail Bridge (East)| | <urn:uuid:79333566-d3eb-4bc8-be42-6faafc6e7f18> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://johnmarvigbridges.org/Iowa%20Falls%20Rail%20Bridge%20W.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.949066 | 592 | 3.0625 | 3 |
What is greenwashing? As good as this term may sound, it is actually an unscrupulous practice many companies have adopted during the last years.
The beginnings of Greenwashing
Greenwashing emerged as a result of customer complaints regarding the unethical practices that go into the manufacturing of products. Many companies, most notably in the fashion industry, have picked up on the message but, instead of changing their policies, they have only coined ways of feigning concern for the environment without taking action.
For a while, people remained oblivious and accepted companies’ claims as facts, satisfied that humanity was one step closer to stopping an environmental crisis. During the last years, however, more and more activists have come forward calling out the false claims of many businesses.
How Greenwashing works
Most companies will market their products as ‘eco-friendly’, ‘ethically-made’ or simply ‘green’ in their attempt to appeal to the mindful customer’s concern for the environment. However, these claims are hollow and are almost never backed by facts. While the manufacturing of their products is a lot of times linked to the mass destruction of the environment, companies think that sticking an image of an exotic beach, green mountain or rudimental farm on their packaging will fix it all and trick their customers. A lot of times this marketing campaign succeeds.
How to spot Greenwashing
To spot a greenwashed marketing campaign, you need to watch out for vague claims such as ‘natural’, ‘green’ or even ‘recycled’. Most greenwashed packages will either have a simple, modern design to resemble real environmentally friendly products or display misleading images of pretty flowers, trees and picturesque views.
Moreover, you will want to check whether companies’ claims of sustainability are backed by a certified third party, such as Cruelty-Free Kitty in the case of products, most notably make-up, marketed as ‘Vegan’ or Green Seal for environmentally-friendly products. If these details are missing, then the product is most probably not sustainable.
How to stop it
Before buying into a company’s claims, check their website to see if they are legitimate. Check where their products are manufactured and how transparent their policies are. Look for third party certifications and past media scandals the company might have had. A quick google search will provide all this precious information.
Most importantly, you need to support honest companies that are committed to the environmental cause. Many big players might outshine them, but they still exist. It’s not hard to find them. ‘Ethical Consumer’ is one of the trustworthy websites that provides consumers with an insight into how sustainable the companies they buy from really are.
Interested in a sustainable lifestyle? Check out this article! | <urn:uuid:41d50442-1bb3-4f54-8bfe-a7a16944f0e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pov21.com/what-is-greenwashing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.960394 | 576 | 2.671875 | 3 |
|This weekly bulletin insert complements the curriculum published by the Department of Christian Education of the Orthodox Church in America. This and many other Christian Education resources are available at http://dce.oca.org.|
Great Lent is a good time to consider Psalm 51 (50) with its emphasis on penitence and humility before God.
This psalm, used frequently in Orthodox worship services, refers to King David as a repentant sinner. The words "cleanse", "blot out", "wash" and "purge" appear in entreaties for God's mercy. The sinner feels his wrongs deeply and knows that only God can deliver him, saying, "For I know my transgressions and my sin is ever before me." He also knows that his sins are grave enough to deserve real punishment, and addresses God: "Thou art justified in Thy sentence and blameless in Thy judgment."
The word "broken" appears three times in the psalm. First we read the sinner's plea that God will let "the bones which Thou hast broken rejoice." These words remind us that even the bad things that happen to us—the things that break our bones—are under the authority of God; He is the one who has allowed them to be broken. But the very next word carries the certainty that God also can and will heal our bones and let them "rejoice."
God's power is infinite, and the sinner feels confident asking Him to "create in me a clean heart, O God, and put a new and right spirit within me." The word translated here as "create" has the same meaning as in the Book of Genesis. God can make a person altogether new and clean, as He made the world in the first days of creation.
"Broken" appears again in verses that tell us what God wants from us. He is not looking for "burnt offerings" and animal sacrifices. Rather, "the sacrifice acceptable to God is a broken spirit; a broken and contrite heart, O God, Thou wilt not despise."
What does it mean to say that our spirits and hearts must be broken if they are to be acceptable gifts to God? In his book "Mere Christianity" the Anglican theologian C.S. Lewis addressed this in a way that has been helpful to many people who struggle to find meaning in the sufferings that "break" us in human life. Lewis wrote:
"Imagine yourself as a living house. God comes in to rebuild that house. At first, perhaps, you can understand what He is doing. He is getting the drains right and stopping the leaks on the roof and so on; you knew that those jobs needed doing and so you are not surprised. But presently He starts knocking the house about in a way that hurts abominably and does not seem to make any sense. What on earth is He up to?
The explanation is that He is building quite a different house from the one you thought of—throwing out a new wing here, putting on an extra floor there, running up towers, making courtyards. You thought you were being made into a decent little cottage: but He is building a palace. He intends to come and live in it Himself." | <urn:uuid:7122a265-4736-4809-b108-6d8155d8db9f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dce.oca.org/assets/templates/bulletin.cfm?mode=html&id=182 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.968861 | 679 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Advances in XRF and ICP-OES Analysis for Plant Tissue and Soil Analysis Including Cannabis
February 26, 2020
Agronomic analyses for materials such as soils, plant tissues, and Cannabis can present considerable challenges, even for today’s spectrometers. Many analyzers currently on the market may fall short of satisfactory performance.
Learn how new advances in ICP-OES technology can greatly benefit your analysis of soils, plants and Cannabis samples and how the introduction of ED-XRF analysis can simplify sample preparation and increase productivity for nutrient and heavy metal analysis.
Live: Wednesday, Feb. 26, 2020 at 1pm EST | 12pm CST | 10am PST
On demand available after airing until Feb. 26, 2021 | <urn:uuid:acd513e3-e843-4089-8cf6-a83d03f019c1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.spectroscopyonline.com/authors/spectro-analytical-instruments-0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.888753 | 157 | 1.601563 | 2 |
100 miles, 1 school and no hospital? Here's how Cape Coral has changed (and grown!) over 50 years
Fifty years ago, the 13-year-old community of Cape Coral incorporated as the City of Cape Coral. The beneficence and largesse of the Rosen brothers’ Gulf American Land Corporation shown to this former company town had given it a solid start, but it would be the citizens themselves, and their elected and appointed representatives in city government that would be responsible for the subsequent growth of the city. Here are five “befores and afters” to remind us of how truly amazing that growth has been.
1. Prior to incorporation, Cape Coral encompassed fewer than 100 square miles; today it is some 120 square miles, and its population has exploded from some 11,500 in 1970 to nearly 200,000 today.
2. Before incorporation, Cape Coral had one school—Cape Elementary. Today there are 27 public and charter schools in Cape Coral and one college—Cape Coral Technical College. The Cape’s first high school, Cape Coral High, ranks among the top high schools in the state.
3. Cape Coral had no hospital before incorporation. Now it has a hospital, the Lee County VA Healthcare Center, and a rehab and healthcare center, as well as numerous urgent care and medical care complexes, the latter providing health care in every division and discipline.
4. The Cape Coral Police Department was formed the year following incorporation; the multi-unit CCPD now numbers over 300 police and civilian personnel and exemplifies the best in law enforcement service by its community involvement as well as its excellence in police training and technology. The Cape Coral Fire Department, established in 1962, grew after incorporation into the City of Cape Coral Fire Rescue and Emergency Management Services Department, with 11 fire stations and almost 200 full time personnel who, like the police, set standards in the industry for community involvement.
5. The physical infrastructure of Cape Coral pre-incorporation consisted of one two-lane bridge to Fort Myers and essentially three major parkways. Since incorporation in 1970, Cape Coral has added a second, parallel span to the Cape Coral Bridge and gained the four-lane Midpoint Bridge across the river, and 1,100 miles of roadways have been built, with connections to Highway 41 and I-75.
And, any visionary, city planner or councilman will tell you, “You ain’t seen nothin’ yet.” Congratulations and keep up the good work, Cape Coral!
Cynthia Williams (firstname.lastname@example.org)
Happy anniversary! Cape Coral turns 50 this year
Through photos:Priciest 2019 home sales of Cape Coral | <urn:uuid:29b57f3d-e5aa-4c85-868c-d9cefa553976> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.news-press.com/story/news/local/cape-coral/2020/01/23/50-years-cape-coral-before-and-after-incorporation/4526340002/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.958775 | 558 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Erika Schenk has been an avid runner for nearly a decade. But 18-year-old Schenk isn't just gorgeous and fit — she's also a plus-size model, whose body type is different than those typically featured in fitness magazines.
That's why the world rejoiced when the following images of Schenk on the cover of the August issue of Women's Running hit newsstands.
The magazine's decision to feature a plus-size model is major, in large part because most fitness publications typically feature smaller-sized models on their covers.
"Some women believe that since they have curves they can't run or shouldn't run," Schenk told the magazine. "Running is for every body, any time."
Jessica Sebor, editor-in-chief of Women's Running, echoed the sentiment. "There's a stereotype that all runners are skinny, and that's just not the case," Sebor told Today.com. "Runners come in all shapes and sizes. You can go any race finish line, from a 5K to a marathon, and see that. It was important for us to celebrate that."
That reality runs counter to pervasive stereotypes surrounding weight and fitness. While we might have once assumed that weight is a strong indicator of physical fitness, more and more studies has shown that to not be the case.
In a 2010 paper, cardiologist C. Noel Bairey-Merz determined that BMI, or body mass index, was not a reliable predictor of physical health. In fact, Bailey-Merz found that women who were overweight and exercised were typically less likely to develop cardiovascular disease than women who were thin and not physically fit. TL;DR: Contrary to popular belief, weight and physical fitness have little to do with each other.
Schenk isn't the first plus-size woman to bust stereotypes about body image and physical fitness. Jessamyn Stanley, a 27-year-old yogi, became the poster girl for plus-size fitness models after Instagram photos of her practicing yoga went viral. "There are a lot of things you learn as a larger-bodied person practicing yoga that are valuable tools to other people — what to do with your stomach, what to do with your breasts," she told the Cut in May.
Plus-size model Tess Holliday has also been instrumental in reminding us that thinness and fitness aren't always synonymous, frequently posting workout photos and selfies on her Instagram. "I don't work out for you. I don't work out to drastically change my body," she wrote in the caption for one post, which garnered more than 42,00 likes.
"I don't do it because people shamed me about how I look ... it clears my head, and gives me the stamina to keep up with my partner and child, and make it through 12 hour days of shooting. I do this for me."
Although Holliday and Stanley have attracted their fair share of negative comments, the response has largely been overwhelmingly positive. "You are such an inspiration and an absolutely beautiful human being inside and out," one woman recently commented on one of Holliday's workout selfies.
Schenk's Women's Running cover appears to have inspired a similar response, with women applauding the magazine for making the decision to feature a woman who actually looks like them on the cover:
It remains to be seen whether the photo will prompt a sea change in the fitness media industry and inspire other publications to feature plus-size models on their covers. But one thing is certainly clear: Girl looks happy, healthy and fabulous.
h/t Huffington Post | <urn:uuid:661c6c81-9f4c-4494-8026-20825b0f6aff> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mic.com/articles/122481/plus-size-model-to-appear-on-cover-of-womens-running-magazine | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.97744 | 741 | 2.25 | 2 |
An extension for LibreOffice Writer to help you transliterating español (spanish) spelling to andaluz proposals.
The Andalusian Spanish (andaluz or andalusian) are spoken in Andalusia, Ceuta, Melilla, and Gibraltar. They include perhaps the most distinct of the southern variants of peninsular Spanish, differing in many respects from northern varieties, and also from Standard Spanish. Further info: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andalusian_Spanish.
This package introduces transliteration functions to convert español (spanish) spelling to andaluz. As there's no official or standard andaluz spelling, `andaluh-libreoffice` is adopting the EPA proposal (Estándar Pal Andaluz). Further info: https://andaluhepa.wordpress.com. Other andaluz spelling proposals are planned to be added as well.
This extension for LibreOffice Writer has been tested with Linux, Windows and Mac. | <urn:uuid:c91d0bc4-5a07-49b5-9cdb-640816445d1a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://updateexte.libreoffice.org/en/extensions/show/5754 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.849577 | 212 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Way before the terms Native American or Indian were necessary, the tribes were spread throughout the Americas. Before any white man set foot on this land, it was settled by the forefathers of bands we now call Sioux, or Cherokee, or Iroquois.
For thousands of years, the American Indian developed its customs and heritage without interference. And that history is fascinating.
From Mayan and Incan ruins, from the mounds left in the central and southern regions of what is currently the U.S. we have learned quite a bit. It’s a story of beautiful artwork and deep spirituality. Archaeologists have unearthed remarkably elaborate structures and public works.
While there was inescapable tribal conflict, that was nothing more than a slight blemish in the account of our ancestors. They were at peace with this beautiful continent and deeply plugged into nature.
The European Settler Arrives
When European leaders sent the first vessels in our direction, the goal was to explore new resources – however the quality of climate and the bounty of everything from timber to wildlife subsequently changed their tune. As those leaders learned from their explorers, the drive to colonize spread like wildfire.
The English, French and Spanish rushed to carve up the “New World” by sending over poorly prepared colonists as fast as they could. In the beginning, they skirmished with the surprised Indians of America’s eastern seaboard. But that ultimately gave way to trade, because the Europeans who came ashore here learned that their survival was doubtful with no Indian help.
Thus followed years of comparative peace as the settlers got themselves established on American soil. But the pressure to push inland followed soon after. Kings and queens from thousands of miles away were anxious to locate additional resources, and some colonists came for independence and opportunity.
They needed more space. And so began the process of driving the American Indian out of the way.
It took the shape of cash arrangements, barter, and notoriously, treaties that were nearly consistently ignored after the Indians were moved away from the territory in question.
The U.S. government’s policies towards Native Americans in the second half of the nineteenth century were motivated by the desire to expand westward into territories occupied by these Native American tribes. By the 1850s almost all Native American tribes, roughly 360,000 in number, lived to the west of the Mississippi River. These American Indians, some from the Northwestern and Southeastern territories, were confined to Indian Territory situated in contemporary Oklahoma, while the Kiowa and Comanche Native American tribes shared the area of the Southern Plains.
The Sioux, Crows and Blackfeet dominated the Northern Plains. These Native American groups met hardship as the constant flow of European immigrants into northeastern American cities delivered a stream of immigrants into the western lands already populated by these diverse groups of Indians.
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The early nineteenth century in the United States was marked by its steady expansion to the Mississippi River. However, due to the Gadsden purchase, that lead to U.S. control of the borderlands of southern New Mexico and Arizona as well as the authority over Oregon country, Texas and California; America’s expansion would not end there. Between 1830 and 1860 the U.S. roughly doubled the amount of land under its control.
These territorial gains coincided with the arrival of troves of European and Asian immigrants who wished to join the surge of American settlers heading west. This, combined with the discovery of gold in 1849, presented attractive possibilities for those ready to make the long journey westward. Therefore, with the military’s protection and the U.S. government’s assistance, many settlers set about establishing their homesteads in the Great Plains and other areas of the Native American tribe-inhabited West.
Native American Tribes
Native American Policy can be defined as the laws and operations developed and adapted in the United States to outline the relationship between Native American tribes and the federal government. When the United States initially became a sovereign country, it implemented the European policies towards the local peoples, but over the course of two centuries the U.S. designed its own widely varying regulations regarding the evolving perspectives and necessities of Native American oversight.
In 1824, in order to apply the U.S. government’s Native American policies, Congress created a new bureau within the War Department referred to as Bureau of Indian Affairs, which worked closely with the U.S. Army to enforce their policies. At times the federal government recognized the Indians as self-governing, distinct political communities with different cultural identities; however, at other times the government attempted to force the Native American tribes to give up their cultural identity, surrender their land and assimilate into the American customs.
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With the steady stream of settlers into Indian controlled land, Eastern newspapers printed sensationalized reports of cruel native tribes committing widespread massacres of hundreds of white travelers. Although some settlers lost their lives to American Indian attacks, this was certainly not the norm; in fact, Native American tribes often helped settlers cross over the Plains. Not only did the American Indians peddle wild game and other necessities to travelers, but they acted as guides and messengers between wagon trains as well. Despite the genial natures of the American Indians, settlers still anticipated the likelihood of an attack.
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To soothe these fears, in 1851 the U.S. government placed a conference with several local Indian tribes and established the Treaty of Fort Laramie. Under this treaty, each Native American tribe consented to a bounded territory, allowed the government to construct tracks and forts in this territory and pledged to not go after settlers; in return the federal government agreed to honor the boundaries of each tribe’s territory and make annual payments to the Indians. The Native American tribes responded peacefully to the treaty; in fact the Cheyenne, Sioux, Crow, Arapaho, Assinibione, Mandan, Gros Ventre and Arikara tribes, who entered into the treaty, even agreed to end the hostilities amidst their tribes in order to accept the conditions of the treaty.
Navajo Jewelry is Celebrated Worldwide by American Indian Art Collectors
This peaceful accord between the U.S. government and the Native American tribes did not hold long. After hearing stories of fertile land and tremendous mineral wealth in the West, the government soon broke their promises established in the Treat of Fort Laramie by allowing thousands of non-Indians to flood into the area. With so many newcomers moving west, the federal government established a plan of limiting Native Americans to reservations, small areas of acreage within a group’s territory that was earmarked exclusively for their use, to be able to grant more territory for “” non-Indian settlers.
In a series of new treaties the U.S. government commanded Native Americans to surrender their land and move to reservations in exchange for protection from attacks by white settlers. In addition, the Indians were offered a yearly payment that would include cash in addition to foodstuffs, livestock, household goods and agricultural tools. These reservations were established in an attempt to clear the way for increased U.S. growth and involvement in the West, as well as to keep the Native Americans separate from the whites in order to reduce the chance for friction.
History of the Plains Indians
These accords had many complications. Most of all many of the native peoples did not altogether understand the document that they were signing or the conditions within it; further, the treaties did not acknowledge the cultural norms of the Native Americans. In addition to this, the government agencies responsible for administering these policies were plagued with poor management and corruption. In fact many treaty provisions were never implemented.
The U.S. government almost never held up their side of the agreements even when the Native Americans migrated quietly to their reservations. Dishonest bureau agents sometimes sold off the supplies that were meant for the Indians on reservations to non-Indians. Moreover, as settlers needed more territory in the West, the government continually reduced the size of reservation lands. By this time, most of the Native American people were dissatisfied with the treaties and angered by the settlers’ constant hunger for land.
A Look at Native American Symbols
Angered by the government’s dishonest and unfair policies, some Native American tribes, including bands of Cheyennes, Arapahos, Comanches and Sioux, battled back. As they fought to maintain their lands and their tribes’ survival, more than one thousand skirmishes and battles broke out in the West between 1861 and 1891. In an effort to force Native Americans onto the reservations and to end the violence, the U.S. government responded to these hostilities with significant military campaigns. Clearly the U.S. government’s Indian regulations were in need an adjustment.
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Native American policy changed radically after the Civil War. Reformers believed that the policy of forcing Native Americans on to reservations was far too severe while industrialists, who were concerned with their property and resources, regarded assimilation, the cultural absorption of the American Indians into “white America” as the only permanent method of guaranteeing Native American survival. In 1871 the federal government passed a pivotal law stating that the United States would not treat Native American tribes as independent nations.
This legislation signaled a drastic change in the government’s relationship with the native peoples – Congress now considered the Native Americans, not as nations outside of its jurisdictional control, but as wards of the government. By making Native Americans wards of the U.S. government, Congress concluded that it would be better to make the policy of assimilation a widely recognised part of the cultural mainstream of America.
More On American Indian History
Many U.S. government officials considered assimilation as the most practical remedy for what they viewed as “the Indian problem,” and the sole permanent strategy for insuring U.S. interests in the West and the survival of the American Indians. In order to accomplish this, the government pressed Native Americans to relocate out of their traditional dwellings, move into wooden buildings and become farmers.
The federal government enacted laws that forced Native Americans to abandon their traditional appearance and way of living. Some laws outlawed traditional spiritual practices while others ordered Indian men to cut their long hair. Agents on more than two-thirds of American Indian reservations organized tribunals to implement federal regulations that often banned traditional cultural and spiritual practices.
To boost the assimilation process, the government started Indian training centers that attempted to quickly and forcefully Americanize Indian youth. According to the founder of the Carlisle Indian School in Pennsylvania, the schools were created to “kill the Indian and save the man.” To be able to make this happen objective, the schools compelled pupils to speak only English, dress in proper American clothing and to replace their Indian names with more “American” ones. These new regulations brought Native Americans nearer to the end of their established tribal identity and the start of their existence as citizens under the full control of the U.S. administration.
Native American Treaties with the United States
In 1887, Congress approved the General Allotment Act, the most significant component of the U.S. government’s assimilation platform, which was developed to “civilize” American Indians by educating them to be farmers. In order to accomplish this, Congress wanted to increase non-public title of Indian property by dividing reservations, which were collectively owned, and issuing each family their own stretch of land.
In addition to this, by forcing the Native Americans onto limited plots of land, western developers and settlers could purchase the left over acreage. The General Allotment Act, also referred to as the Dawes Act, required that the Indian lands be surveyed and each family be provided with an allotment of between 80 and 160 acres, while unmarried adults were given between 40 to 80 acres; the residual territory was to be sold. Congress hoped that the Dawes Act would breakup Indian tribes and encourage individual enterprise, while cutting down the cost of Indian supervision and providing prime land to be purchased by white settlers.
Find Native American Indian Clothing in Bullville, NY
The Dawes Act proved to be catastrophic for the American Indians; over the next decades they existed under regulations that outlawed their traditional way of life yet didn’t supply the critical resources to support their businesses and households. Dividing the reservations into smaller parcels of land brought about the significant decrease of Indian-owned land. Within three decades, the people had lost more than two-thirds of the acreage that they had controlled before the Dawes Act was enacted in 1887; the majority of the remaining land was purchased by white settlers.
Regularly, Native Americans were duped out of their allotments or were required to sell off their property in order pay bills and take care of their families. Consequently, the Indians were not “Americanized” and were generally unable to become self-supporting farmers or ranchers, like the creators of the policy had anticipated. Aside from that it generated resentment among Indians for the U.S. government, as the allotment process sometimes destroyed land that was the spiritual and cultural focus of their days.
Native American Culture
Between 1850 and 1900, life for Native Americans changed drastically. Through U.S. government policies, American Indians were forced from their living spaces because their native lands were parceled out. The Plains, which they had previously roamed alone, were now filled with white settlers.
The Upshot of the Indian Wars
Over all these years the Indians have been cheated out of their territory, food and way of living, as the federal government’s Indian regulations forced them inside reservations and tried to “Americanize” them. Many American Indian bands did not make it through relocation, cultural destruction and military defeat; by 1890 the Native American population was reduced to fewer than 250,000 people. Thanks to generations of discriminatory and dodgy policies instituted by the United States government between 1850 and 1900, life for the American Indians was changed forever.
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Otto’s final desire is to be recognised as a fellow emperor by the Basileus in Constantinople. When the Byzantines refuse him the purple-born princess Anna he wages war. The new emperor, John Tzimiskis comes up with a better solution and sends across the most glamorous figure of German medieval history – Theophanu Skleraina…
Episode 8 – An Imperial Bride
Hello and Welcome to the History of the Germans Episode 8 - An Imperial bride
This week we finally say goodbye to emperor Otto the Great after seven episodes. I hope you agree he was worth it.
When we last saw him, he was celebrating the end of his successful campaign with a great assembly at Cologne. This great gathering in 965 was even more of a confirmation of his role as successor to the great Charlemagne than the coronation itself. The assembled rulers of western Europe did not just show up for the party, they recognised him as emperor, as a ruler above mere kings. And that included Lothar the young king of France.
After three years in Italy, what he now needs to do is stick around with his German subjects and give them a bit of TLC. Early medieval monarchs were not supposed to be away for so long. Because there is no real bureaucracy of any kind, all decisions, deliberations, and orders are best done face to face. It was management by walking around. Since Carolingian times the court had followed a largely consistent itinerary going from one royal palace, called a Pfalz, to the next. For instance, Ottonian emperors would regularly celebrate Easter in Quedlinburg and Christmas in Frankfurt. They would call regularly at Fritzlar, Memleben, Magdeburg, Ingelheim, Worms and Aachen to name a few. That constant travel was in part necessary because no single location could feed the hundreds, if not thousands of people that made up the entourage of the king.
But more importantly, the presence of the king or emperor projected power. Wherever the royal party stopped he would issue judgements, consult with his barons, plan military campaigns, award positions and solve administrative problems. If he does not show up for a long time, fewer decisions are being taken. Quarrels between the highest-ranking nobles and between the church and nobles remain unresolved, often ending up in feuds. Key positions may be left vacant until an answer can be obtained leaving borders unmanaged. Even worse it weakens the bonds that hold the kingdom together. Medieval vassalage is in the end a personal, not an institutional relationship. The noble has his rights and obligation first and foremost towards the king as an individual, not to the king as an institution. Therefore, the major nobles expect the king to call on their support in person, not always, but at least from time to time. Equally the major nobles are entitled to advise the king and the king was obliged to take their advice into account – and that could only happen when the king was around. Failure to do so leads to frustration and ultimately revolt.
Therefore, it is paramount that Otto remains in Germany for the next few years and re-establishes his relationship with the magnates of his kingdom. As with most things paramount, Otto decides not to do this either.
Events in Rome demanded another journey across the alps.
Pope Leo VIII had died and the Romans, now a bit more circumspect than before, asked Otto’s permission before electing a new pope. They raised John XIII to the seat of St. Peter. John was a more worthy vicar of Christ by 10th century standards, having received a proper ecclesiastical education and been ordained as a bishop. Though that was not the reason he was elected. He was first and foremost a senior member of the Crescenti family. The Crescenti were the other Roman clan that vied for prominence against the Theophylacts. You may remember the Theophylacts. They are the clan of Mariussa and randy Pope John the XII.
That could not go down well and by Christmas 965 the Romans under Theophylact leadership rose up. Pope John XIII disappeared into a cell in the Castel Sant’ Angelo.
In the meantime, Berengar’s son Adalbert had returned from Corsica as soon as he saw the last of Otto’s soldiers turn the corner of the Brenner pass. As you can see, Italy is no different to Germany. Once the ruler is physically absent, the power balance shifts and magnates begin to rise up. That explains why Adalbert managed to gain instant support amongst the Italian magnates. Otto’s political position in Italy was wiped out. Members of the pro-Ottonian party that empress Adelheid had built so carefully were either joining Adalbert or hid in their strongholds. Even the bishops Otto had appointed as his representatives in Italy switched sides.
Otto had no option than to go down to Italy. He called a diet in Worms to set the kingdom up for another extended stay down south.
First item on the agenda was the regency, which again went to his son, archbishop William of Mainz. King Otto II now 11 years old and was again left behind with his uncle.
The other big items on the agenda were two inheritances. The first one was Margrave Gero, the bloodthirsty conqueror of what is today’s states of Saxony and Brandenburg. Gero had died without a direct male heir, giving Otto the opportunity to allocate his enormous possessions fairly freely. Before Liudolf’s uprising, he might have taken the inheritance and given it to a member of his family or a close confidant. By 965 that had changed. Otto realised that he needed to reward the powerful families if he wanted to be safe from rebellions.
Consequently, he split Gero’s inheritance into six separate counties and marches that he handed to either senior members of Gero’s extended clan or scions of mighty Saxon families, some of whom may have even been loyal supporters. That had some long-term consequences. By handing these rare and unexpected windfalls back to the aristocratic clans, he allowed new and powerful entities to grow up. These entities over time challenged the emperors. One of those entities, the March of Brandenburg was the county that would later turn into the kingdom of Prussia. Otto’s approach is very different to the French kings who consolidated any vacant duchy, county, baronetcy, village aldermanship into the direct ownership of the king whenever they could. That way the French kings managed to build a unified kingdom, whilst Germany… well you will see.
The other sad loss was Archbishop Brun of Cologne, Otto’s brother and most loyal counsellor. He was replaced as archbishop of Cologne by Folkmar but again, Folkmar did not receive the duchy of Lothringia. The two sub-duchies of upper and lower Lothringia that Brun had created for administrative purposes were elevated to full duchies and given to local powerful lords.
In August 966 Otto crossed the alps via the Gotthard passes with a much smaller army than last time. This time most of the German dukes, counts and bishops stayed back home.
The Italian nobles immediately succumbed. Adalbert had already left the country – courtesy of an advance party led by duke Burkhard of Swabia a couple of months earlier. Otto moved into the capital, Pavia and took control of Northern Italy. He replaced his previous unreliable administrators with others, no less flighty ones.
After the, his third attempt at the Italian crown Adalbert gave up his ambitions. He retired to his wife’s possessions in Burgundy and gave his only son the name Otto as a sign of submission. That is not the end of Berengar’s family quest for the crown of Italy but we get a reprieve for 30 years.
Once it was cold enough Otto went down to Rome, took the city, freed the pope and instigated a Christmas bloodbath amongst the supporters of the Theophylacts. The leader of the rebellion was hanged from the neck of the statue of Marcus Aurelius the one that still stands on the Capitol today, the rest had their necks snapped in the more traditional manner or were whipped naked through the streets, walk of shame style. After that Otto I had no more trouble from the Romans for the rest of his reign.
That being done, Otto expanded his control south of Rome forcing the Lombard dukes of Capua, Spoleto and Benevento to acknowledge him as their overlord. In an effort to simplify things he had the three duchies put under control of one of them, Pandulf Ironhead, who became Otto’s man for the South.
Otto now had a border with the eastern Roman empire in Byzantium, which still held most of southern Italy.
Byzantium had been very much on the up over the last 50 years. Under a succession of warlike leaders, namely Romanos Lekapinos and Nikephoros Phokas, the empire had pushed the Muslim Kalifate back towards Baghdad and reconquered Crete, Antioch and other centres of the ancient Roman empire. For the first time in a long time, they were in a position where they could project power in Italy had Otto become too much of a nuisance. And him taking over the Lombard duchies made him a bit of a nuisance. The Byzantines begun mustering an army to send over to Italy.
Otto had absolutely no interest in a confrontation with the emperor in Constantinople, in fact the exact opposite was the case. Despite all his success and power, Otto had a serious inferiority complex. He knew the inhabitants of the eastern empire looked down on the uncivilised Germanic boors that had grabbed hold of the ancient western empire. Just think about the fact that Otto I had only just learned to read and write whilst the nobles of the eastern empire were majoring in intricate theological differences.
What Otto really, really wanted was to be acknowledged as an equal by the Byzantines. To that aim he proposed a marriage between his son, Otto II and Anna, daughter of emperor Romanos II and stepdaughter of the current emperor Nikephoros Phokas. Anna was the highest category of Byzantine princess, as she was born in the purple, i.e., she was born in a special room in the imperial palace that was covered in purple porphyry stone where only reigning empresses were giving birth. Otto was confident this would be a straightforward deal and called his son down from Germany to get ready for marriage and coronation.
When Byzantium heard of the proposal, the laughter of derision must have been heard up and down the Mediterranean Sea. Marrying a purple-born princess destined for the church to this barbarian usurper – you must be joking.
Otto was hurt and when a 10th century monarch is feeling pain, a lot of poor peasants will feel a lot more pain. He readied his army and invaded the byzantine duchy of Puglia in the very south east of Italy. As per their military manual the Byzantine troops disappeared behind the walls of the big cities and Otto raided the countryside. To force a decision, he laid siege to the city of Bari. Bari was the major harbour liking Italy to Greece since Roman times. As a harbour it was quite easy to resupply since the Byzantines controlled the sea. Otto had overlooked that crucial piece of military intelligence and had to raise the siege. He returned to his new palace in Ravenna empty handed.
As he was already there, Otto had his son crowned Emperor Otto II in Rome in December 967.
Negotiations started up again. This time our old friend Liudprand of Cremona was dispatched to Constantinople to deal with Nikephoros Phocas. Nikephoros offered the hand of Anna in exchange for Ravenna, Rome and all Otto held in Southern Italy. That was a bit too much for Otto. Otto took his army down to Bari again, to find out the city was still by the sea. Meanwhile on the shore of the Bosporus, Nikephoros had our hapless envoy put in jail, which earned him a scolding description as a short, ugly, boorish man in Liudprand’s memoires.
And it would have gone on forever like that had not Nikephoros been murdered during a palace coup. The new emperor was his nephew and murderer John Tzimiskes. John had to shore up his reign and had no time for skirmishes with some barbaric western pseudo emperor. John agreed to send a princess for Otto II. And with that, enter stage left, the most glamorous female figure of medieval German history, Theophanu Skleraina.
Theophanu was the daughter of Constantinos Skleros and Sophia Phokaina. Both the Skleros clan and the Phokas clan were prominent military families. However, Theophanu’s blood relationship with actual emperors was at best tangential. Through her mother she was a great niece of the emperor Nikephoros Phokas. She was also related to the usurper John Tzimiskes who had previously been married to her aunt. Nikephoros Phokas and John Tzimiskes were career emperors who acquired the throne through military success, they were not hereditary emperors. The true blue blooded imperial family of the Macedonians ranked well above them and towered over Theophanu. Her rank in the line of succession to the imperial throne was roughly equivalent to Savannah Philips claim to the British throne stands today. You do not know who Savannah Philips is? Well, nor do I.
When John Tzimiskes chose this very minor royal to be married to the young emperor Otto II, he knew that this was a slap in the face. It is not that Otto’s court was ignorant of the affairs and intrigues in Constantinople. There were regular embassies between the two courts and Greek churchmen took up important roles in Rome and elsewhere. Otto and his advisors knew full well that what had arrived was not a purple-born Macedonian princess. They knew she was not even a blood relative of the current emperor. They also knew that in 927 an actual daughter of the emperor Christopher Lekapenos had been married to the Bulgarian ruler. And to add even more irony, in 988 the much desired, purple-born princess Anna was married to Vladimir, the Grand Duke of the Kiev Rus. I doubt there was any ambiguity about what has just happened. The Byzantines did not mind marrying their princesses to barbarians, they just minded marrying them to this barbarian.
The other person who knew full well that she had been sent on suicide mission was 12-year-old Theophanu Skleraina. She was given all the trappings of a byzantine princess, robes of gold and purple, diadems and earrings and a train of exotic looking attendants. But underneath all that bling she must have been scared shitless. The most positive outcome of this journey was that she would be sent back which meant she would be damaged goods for any future marriage in Constantinople and she would end up in a monastery, but at least she would be back home. The worse option was that she would be rejected and then held in a monastery somewhere in this barbaric north, places with terrifying names like Essen or Gandersheim. And Alternative 3, she may have to spend the rest of her life with an uncouth ginger bloke whose father was famously hirsute.
But When the two Ottos unpacked the parcel from the Vasilev, they realised they had been played. Yes, they could send her back or put her into a monastery, but what then? Start another attempt at conquering Bari? The city still had a harbour and the Germans still did not have a fleet. And if it really came to war, John Tzimiskes was a famous general, hero of the campaigns against the Saracens. If he arrived in Italy, the still fragile Italian situation would very quickly turn against them. Last, but by no means least, by 972 Otto had already been in Italy for 6 years, far too long to leave his vassals north of the alps unsupervised.earned about Theophanu in the:
On the 14th of April 972 she was married to the now 17-year-old emperor Otto II with all pomp and circumstance in St. Peters in Rome. Thephanu was also crowned empress for good measure and received her personal apanage in a sumptuously decorated title deed which you can see on The History of the Germans Facebook page.
Otto really had to go home now. He had been in Italy for 6 years and if you add the previous journey, he had been away for almost 10 years. Because Otto had failed to show for such a long time, grumblings had begun about a possible rebellion. Not from Bavaria or Lothringia, where rebellions had been endemic for decades, no, this time from Otto’s heartland, Saxony.
Otto had left his old friend Hermann Billung, in charge of Saxony. In the last 30 years Hermann, Margrave Gero and the Saxon armies had pushed the borders of the realm further and further east until they had reached Poland. Not content with that success, they waged war against the Polish duke Miesco. Miesco finally succumbed, accepted Christianity, married a Christian Saxon Noblewoman and accepted a sort of overlordship by the German kings.
For all that Hermann was elevated to be Duke, Gero’s associates had become counts of the border marches but still he and his fellow nobles did not feel they got the recognition they deserved from their absent king.
Rumours were going round that Otto had died in Italy. For instance his instructions to continue to fight the Redariers in the North were ignored and generally the whole place had become restless.
As a deliberate act of insubordination, on Palm Sunday Hermann entered Magdeburg, Ottos favourite palace and received reverence from the archbishop as if he was the king, he took Otto’s seat at the table and even slept in Otto’s own bed. That message was clear, come home or there will not be a home to come back to.
When Otto came home in 973 all was fine again. Hermann came to see him, bent the knee and gave huge presents, as did the archbishop of Magdeburg. The Saxon leaders regained their access to the king and whatever sedition there might have been, it stopped.
Otto celebrated his rule one last time in Quedlinburg, where the Kings of Poland and Denmark and the duke of Bohemia came in person to pay their respects whilst every European power including the Kalif in Cordoba and the Emperor in Constantinople sent envoys.
A few weeks later, on the 7th of May 973 at the age of 61 at his palace in Memleben, Otto grew feverish and tired. I let Widukind of Corvey take over from here:
His men understood what was happening and lay him on a bench. His head was dropping as if he were already dead, but they revived him. He was just able to receive the sacraments before he gave his last breath, without a groan and at peace.
The people said a great deal in praise of him and remembered that he had governed his subjects with paternal mercy and had freed them from their enemies. He had conquered with arms his arrogant enemies, namely the Magyars, Saracens and Danes. He had subjugated Italy. He had destroyed the shrines of the gods among the neighbouring peoples. He had established churches and orders of priests. They recalled many other good things as they participated in the royal funeral.
When the morning came, although he had already been anointed as king, and designated emperor by the pope, the people eagerly gave their hands to the son of the emperor, the unique hope of the entire church, as they had done before, promised their loyalty and support against all the adversaries, and confirmed this with military oaths. Thus he was elected anew by the entire people as their ruler. He transferred his father’s body to the city, which his father, himself, had built, called Magdeburg. So died the emperor of the Romans, the king of peoples, on the seventh of May. The Wednesday before Pentecost.”
Otto had been king of East Francia for 37 years and had been formally Roman Emperor for 11. He lies under a simple marble slab in the Dom in Magdeburg, next to his beloved first wife, Eadgyth.
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As we slide towards March 1, 2020, fifty-nine years since JFK signed an Executive Order creating the Peace Corps, I have a suggested for all RPCVs who want to hold onto the history of the agency. Buy a copy of Larry Lihosit’s chronology of the agency that covers the years 1961-2010. This is, I think, the only source of dates and facts on how the agency grew and developed, listing the Peace Corps changes that happened in every country where Volunteers served from 1961 to 2010.
For example, here are three examples of what you’ll find in the book.
Aug. 28, 1961
The first groups of Peace Corps Volunteers sent to Ghana and Tanzania, Africa.
Volunteers in Chile circulated a petition to protest the Vietnam war. Jack Vaughn, Director, sent a letter to all countries assuring volunteers that they had the right to free speech but as public employees should avoid identification of those beliefs with their employees. “The Peace Corps…has neither the expertise nor the mission to address itself to political matters. It has no position…” he wrote. One of the volunteers wrote to the New York Times. When it did not print his letter, he had a Spanish version of the same letter printed in a Chilean newspaper. He was fired. Hew later filed suit in federal district court which ruled in his favor, limited the Peace Corps’ ability to punish volunteers for voicing opinions.
Electronic books (paperless) represented 8% of all books published in the U.S.A. Many of these were Peace Corps volunteer memoirs about their experiences. Nearly 1,000 volunteers had returned home to write at least one book (one author for every 200 volunteers).
Nominated For 2010 Peace Corps Writers Special Publisher Award
“This is a very impressive book.” John Coyne, Editor of Peace Corps Worldwide
“A great job! I am astonished at how detailed and thorough this work is.” David Searles, author of The Peace Corps Experience: Challenge and Change, 1969-1976
“What a valuable contribution to history…” Congresswoman Lois Capps (Dem, CA)
If you want to hold onto your history, and the history of the early days of the agency— those years when you were a PCV—I urge you to check out Amazon.com and get a copy while this 110-page book, full of facts, maps, lists & graphs is still in print. | <urn:uuid:7a394c0e-84fe-4584-ad8f-02af5b58c405> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://peacecorpsworldwide.org/purchase-peace-corps-chronology-by-lawrence-f-lihosit-honduras/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.953994 | 519 | 1.976563 | 2 |
A warm and welcoming community where the staff know all the students by name, plus a fun playground area, are just some of the highlights here!
The Isiks were on the search for a school with a good academic foundation, as well as a great space for their son to play, do sports and enjoy learning. They enrolled Oguz in EtonHouse International School Broadrick when he was in year three and he’s continuing to enjoy school in the year five program this year. Curious about the highlights at this school? Read on to find out!
Hi, Aytug! What was the ultimate deciding factor that led you to choose EtonHouse International School?
EtonHouse International School has a robust IB program – we believe it’s the best way for an international student to learn how to be a world citizen. Additionally, the size of the school is ideal and allows the staff to know each child by name.
How has the school lived up to your expectations?
Our son was in a small boutique school in Belgium before we moved to Singapore, so we were a bit nervous about how the transition would be for him. Fortunately, the friendly atmosphere at EtonHouse at Broadrick made it very smooth and he enjoys being in the school.
How did the school make your child feel welcome?
I remember our son’s first day at school where there was a buddy program and another student helping him. Also, he mentioned his teacher was warm and kind. Since then, we knew he was in good hands!
What is Oguz’s favourite part about attending EtonHouse?
Oguz is very interested in maths, information and communications technology and science. He tells us about the activities he does during the Unit of Inquiry* lessons that enrich his knowledge and experience. He also loves to play at the playground area and always wants to go to school early to play with his friends before school starts.
*The Units of Inquiry is an International Baccalaureate Primary Years Programme (IB PYP) where the students do an in-depth exploration of a concept. The units of inquiry cover the disciplines of English, Maths, Science, Social Studies, Arts, Personal, Social and Physical Education in an authentic and relevant context for young learners.
As a parent, what do you value most about the school?
Being a part of the international community is an invaluable part of the experience. We’re glad our son can have friends from different backgrounds and cultures. We also believe learning Chinese, participating in team projects and ECAs are all great experiences for the kids.
Plus, EtonHouse is a great school because it allows children to realise their potential. In the case of our son, he can write code because of the information and communications technology classes and he can understand basic Chinese, both of which would be unimaginable three years ago!
Are you satisfied with the level of communication you receive from the school?
We get information from different channels, regular updates from their teachers and school staff via an app called Bloomz, weekly newsletters from the principal, follow-ups on the school calendar, and ad-hoc info when needed from different school staff. All channels are helpful – you won’t miss a thing!
What advice would you give other parents trying to choose a school?
Every child is different, so make your research based on your child’s personality, way of learning and interests. Don’t just focus on academics – a balance between education, sport, art and language is crucial.
Thank you, Aytug and Oguz!
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Corona comes like Shiva and Brahman, the destroyer and the creator. Corona comes like an alien invasion to destroy our comfortable assumption of what’s real. The great Comfort culture that we have created in America has been under attack since the 50s and it’s belief in Scientific Utopia. By now, (and I remember) according to the scientific fixation of the 50s we should all be living in a perfect utopia like the Jetsons.
Global Warming has cracked our belief that our scientific materialism will create paradise on earth. Instead, our good intentions are destroying the earth’s habitats. And now Corona comes to destroy our illusion about our own immortality and safety. Corona is destroying our cultural habitat.
Oh, and I should not fail to mention Trump as the destroyer. Brannon said Trump comes to destroy the administrative state, even the defense shield Obama had created for pandemics. (ironic)
Both Global Warming and Corona come to wake up Brahma, the creator aspect of the Hindu trinity. Shiva the destroyer, Vishnu the One that is Two, out of which Shiva and Brahma rise, and Brahma.
First comes Shiva, the destroyer. Now destruction comes in many ways. Just having a new member in your household can destroy old relationships and spacial relationships. Any upset is destruction. Shiva is always on the loose. Anytime we have negativity, a rub with the world, that is Shiva. And then Brahma comes with insight, invention, creation, discovery, a sudden fix of a problem, a new viewpoint. Brahma is everywhere Shiva is. They dance together.
But the fearful mind separates them. The comparing mind separates them. Why Me? This should not be happening. OMG.
In my viewpoint, Vishnu is the Buddha Mind that sees destruction and creativity as One. Everything is Just This.
If you are ironing your shirt and ironing y our money, what is the difference really? You hold the iron. You hear it’s steam breathing. You layout the money/shirt, and iron it. What is its meaning? Is that crazy?
If there were not Corona as the context, ironing your money would be insane. But with Corona, it’s perfectly sane. How knows what was on that hand that just gave you that money. Did you lick your thumb when you counted the bills?
Sanity depends upon the context in which the act is performed. Corona changes the context in which we perform actions, changes the meaning of everything. Corona is not good or evil. Corona is just change, rapid and unexpected change, to be sure, and we must change because Corona says Change or Die.
Deny Corona and you cannot change behaviors necessary for survival. Denying Corona is like denying lung cancer when you are a chain smoker. | <urn:uuid:1221a14d-3d80-4aab-bf10-ce3e9dff6f5f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://tokillaminotaur.com/zen-fits/coronas-money-laundering/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.94291 | 583 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Set Up a Classroom in 7 Easy Steps
The new school year is almost here! That means new students and maybe a new school or classroom too. If this is your first year teaching, then all of this is new.
One of the most important things you’ll do to prepare for school is set up your classroom. A good classroom setup helps children feel welcomed, sets expectations, and makes it easy to transition from one activity to another.
Setting up a classroom doesn’t have to feel overwhelming. This guide can help you take it one step at a time.
Step 1: Clean Your Classroom
A new year means you can start off with a clean space. Give the walls, desk tops, counters, shelves, and desks a good scrub. You might also want to disinfect everything your students will touch, including toys, books, and pencils to avoid spreading germs.
Cleaning your classroom includes going through what’s in it and throwing out any trash or broken items. Once you have a clean space, you are ready to start setting it up.
Step 2: Create a Layout
Before you haul furniture, books, and supplies into your classroom (or get someone else to do it), decide where everything is going to go. Take out paper and pen and draw a map of your classroom. Include workstations, your desk, computers, and anything else you need room for.
Questions to consider:
- How should you arrange student desks?
If you do a lot of collaborative work, you may want to group desks together in small circles so students can easily talk and see each other. If you do more independent work or want to eliminate distractions, consider leaving space between student desks.
- What needs to be up front?
Do you have a list of class rules or an outline of daily routines? Those are the kinds of things you want to have in front of your classroom where students can see them.
- How much technology will you use?
If you use computers or tablets a lot, place them where students can easily access them. If you only use technology to support traditional teaching, then computers or tablets can go toward the back of the classroom.
Step 3: Decide What You Need
Look through what you have and make a list of what you need to get. If you’re worried about forgetting something, try to mentally go through your work day and think of all the items you use to do your job successfully.
One of the best ways to stay organized is to have cubbies, bins, filing cabinets, labels, etc. Consider adding these items to your list to save you time and hassle in the long run. You already have a million things to keep track of, so why not invest in your sanity and get organizational tools that will make your life easier?
Pro tip: It helps to have different size bins, folders, etc. so you can organize smaller items and not have them get lost in the shuffle.
Step 4: Shop Around
Before you log in to your Amazon account or drive to the nearest Wal-Mart, think about where else you can buy school supplies for a good price. See if someone in your neighborhood is having a yard sale or your community has a Facebook group where people post items they are trying to sell. You may also find supplies at local thrift shops or discount stores.
It doesn’t hurt to ask people if they have secondhand items you can use. Fellow teachers, friends, family, or neighbors may have just what you need and be willing to give them to you for free.
Step 5: Organize Your Classroom
Furniture and Supplies
Set up desks and chairs how you want them and place bins, cubbies, and shelves where they go.
Once you have all the furniture in place, set up your classroom by organizing your supplies. Think about which items students will use together and how frequently they will need them. Lessons will go a lot smoother if frequently used items are easily accessible and stored close to each other, like having colored pencils close to drawing paper.
Less commonly used items can go up high and near the back of the classroom.
Fragile items should definitely be stored in cupboards or plastic containers and well out of students’ reach.
You can organize books by reading level, title, author, subject – whatever makes sense for you and your students. If you are organizing them by reading level, put colored stickers on the binder to make it easy for students to find a book on their reading level.
Come up with a filing system that will help you keep track of all assignments, tests, permission slips, and any other forms you will use during the year. You can organize folders in alphabetical order, by priority, or by student. Create a folder or tab for each category and make sure they are labeled clearly so you can easily read them.
When organizing your desk, try not to put too much on top if that will overwhelm you. Instead, make good use of drawers and cupboards. Trays and other organization tools can also make it easier to organize smaller items and spare you future headaches.
If you have multiple bulletin boards, consider dedicating one for seasonal announcements and decorations and leave the rest for evergreen content. That way you only have to change one throughout the year.
Once you have all items put away and stored in their proper place, label everything. Really, everything! Even if you’re great at remembering where things go, labels give your brain one less thing to think about so you have more mental energy for teaching.
Save labeling for last, in case you decide to change your layout at the last minute.
Step 6: Decorate
Students will spend more time in your classroom than they will at home, so why not make your classroom a warm, welcoming place by decorating it with pictures, ribbons, garlands, and other frills. Choose decorations that complement what students will learn in class or pick a classroom theme such as superheroes, world travel, or under the sea.
After you finish decorating, take a look around your classroom to make sure you don’t have too many decorations. If you feel over-stimulated, your students probably will too. Have just the right amount of color to spark students’ interest without distracting them from learning.
Step 7: Create Your Online Classroom
Don’t forget to set up your online classroom and any other software you will use during the school year.
If you are using Studies Weekly Online this year, then you will want to have your virtual classroom set up before school starts. Create your account and add students and publications to your class so you are set to go.
(Read Tips for Teachers New to Studies Weekly Online for more information.)
Don’t have Studies Weekly Online yet? Try it for free.
These classroom setup ideas are to help you get started. In the end, there is no right or wrong way to set up a classroom. What matters is that it gives your students a quality learning experience and makes your job easier.
Have fun setting up your classroom and best of luck with the new school year!
You’ve hired a talented team to help your district increase student achievement, but how do you keep them motivated throughout the school year? Team morale
Studies Weekly Online has a new look for a new school year. As educators like you turned to Studies Weekly Online for remote learning during
So you’ve received your Studies Weekly blue box and you’re thinking, “Now what?” Starting a whole new curriculum can be intimidating at first, but there’s
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Editor’s note: With this issue we begin serialising selected essays of Prema Nandkumar focusing on Indian literature in the light of Sri Aurobindo. We begin with her essay on the two epics – Ramayana and Mahabharata. As these are long essays, we will present each in several parts. These were first published in Sri Aurobindo Circle in 1980s.
The first essay from the 1984 issue Sri Aurobindo Circle published by Sri Aurobindo Society provides an introduction and focuses on the Ramayana. We present part 1 of the essay here, with a few formatting revisions done for the digital presentation.
“Ensouled Image of a Great Culture”
In the historical development of Indian culture, after the sublime utterances of the Veda and the spiritual transcendences achieved by the Upanishads comes the Heroic Age.
The Vedas and the Upanishads may not be a day-to-day reality for the common man in India. But the Ramayana and the Mahabharata dating back to several centuries before the advent of Christ continue to affect his thinking. He still tries to fashion his life according to the ideals expressed by Valmiki and Vyasa.
If the Indian culture of the past is the richest and best in the world and if it has kept India in a pre-eminent position in the spiritual, religious, ethical and artistic fields, it is partly because of the twin epics, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata.
These epics are not rough, oral sagas exulting over blood spilt in battle-victories; nor are they mere conglomerations of sub-human and super-human mythology. They are, in the words of Sri Aurobindo,
. . . a highly artistic representation of intimate significances of life, the living presentment of a strong and noble thinking, a developed ethical and aesthetic mind and a high social and political ideal, the ensouled image of a great culture.~ CWSA, Vol. 20, p. 353
As rich in freshness of life but immeasurably more profound and evolved in thought and substance than the Greek, as advanced in maturity of culture but more vigorous and vital and young in strength than the Latin epic poetry, the Indian epic poems were fashioned to serve a greater and completer national and cultural function and that they should have been received and absorbed by both the high and the low, the cultured and the masses and remained through twenty centuries an intimate and formative part of the life of the whole nation is of itself the strongest possible evidence of the greatness and fineness of this ancient Indian culture.”
The Veda vangmaya and the Upanisad vangmaya had yielded place to the kavya vangmaya in deference to the command of the Time Spirit.
What had been seen in the illumined recesses of the seer’s heart in the Vedic Age had been analysed clinically by the teachers and the students together in the Upanishadic times. The Taittiriya Upanishad makes this clear in the prayer for mutual good-feeling between master and disciple.
Hari OM. Together may He protect us, together may He possess us, together may we make unto us strength and virility. May our study be full to us of light and power. May we never hate. OM! Peace, peace, peace.~ Translation by Sri Aurobindo, CWSA, Vol. 18, p. 216
Now the time had come to see these Vedic-Upanishadic radiances influencing the life of the people.
Indians of ancient times: were they living like the “amritasya putrah”, children of immortality? Did the native spiritual view affect the kings and commoners alike? What were the heights they managed to attain? How strong the asuric forces, how detestable the kingdoms and godheads of little mind? Where were the pockets that contained the mothers of evil and the children of darkness?
Looking at the life around them, the poets began to indite upakhyanas, stories based on the civilisation of which they too were a part. Presently the epic genius seized the Indian mind. The Sanskrit language which had echoed lyrically the subtle spaces of spiritual attainments by the Vedic seers later gathered the conversational crispness needed for a meaningful dialogue between the teacher and the taught.
With the emergence of the Heroic Age, the language too grew in strength, collecting an appropriate vocabulary, perfecting a virile grammar and spreading the rainbow-colours of imaginative exuberance.
Comparing this Sanskrit with Bengali in India and French in Europe, Sri Aurobindo remarked that it was natural to have great epic poets like Valmiki, Vyasa and Kalidasa in Sanskrit for “the very language is epic” unlike the other two which were “too lucid and orderly and graceful”. (3 January, 1939, Talks with Sri Aurobindo, ed. Nirodbaran, 1966, p. 153.)
At some fortuitous moment of time the glory of Indian civilisation met the grandeur of the Sanskrit language. The Ramayana and the Mahabharata were born.
Both the epics had grown out of India’s ancient culture. In their turn, they have been a source of inspiration, encouragement, pride and comfort for the Indians through the centuries.
Even today, every action on the Indian clime is viewed through the tinted glasses of the twin epics. The ideals of the Rama Rajya and the scene of the Kurukshetra War enthused millions to take an active part in India’s independence movement, for, great leaders like Sri Aurobindo, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Subramania Bharati and Mahatma Gandhi used these images in their speeches and writings quite often. The infights in politics, the problem of poverty and the moral-ethical prerogatives in the social system were often analysed in terms of the actions and the characters found in the two epics. Sri Aurobindo himself used parallel situations and names from the epics in his political articles.
The call of the epics never fails to touch sympathetic chords in the Indian psyche.
For instance, as recently as 1983, a political party, hardly a few months old, won an absolute majority in the Andhra Pradesh Legislature by splashing in advertisements and echoing through cassettes the assurance given by Krishna in the Bhagavad Gita:
“Whensoever, O Bharata, there is the fading and crisis of the Dharma and the uprising of unrighteousness, adharma, then I loose myself forth (into birth). For the deliverance of the good and the virtuous, for the destruction of the evildoers, for the enthroning of the Right (Dharma) I am born from age to age.”~ Bhagavad Gita in the Light of Sri Aurobindo (Ed. Maheshwar), p. 64.
From Greece to India
However, the early literary foundations of the author of The Foundations of Indian Culture were wholly Greek and Latin and the culture of the Occident. As a boy not yet seven, Sri Aurobindo was given a good grounding in Latin by Mr. Drewett. This helped him enter St. Paul’s School and very soon he became a scholar in Greek and Latin.
Soon after, he won a classical scholarship at King’s College, Cambridge. Translating Greek and Latin verses became an interesting pastime, and one such piece, “Hecuba”, received praise from the scholar-poet, Laurence Binyon. Sri Aurobindo won the Rawley prize for Greek iambics in King’s College, and scored record marks in Greek and Latin in the I.C.S. examination. His conversations contained enthusiastic references to Greek literature. (See A. B. Purani, Life of Sri Aurobindo, 1960, pp. 48-9).
His first volume of verse, Songs to Myrtilla was the fruit of his overwhelming involvement with the Greek muse. At the close of Songs to Myrtilla is the poem, ‘Envoi’. He may have meant it to be a formal good-bye as he was returning to India soon. But the few lines turned out to be prophetic as far as his literary career was concerned.
For in Sicilian olive-groves no more
Or seldom must my footprints now be seen,
Nor tread Athenian lanes, nor yet explore
Parnassus or thy voiceful shores, O Hippocrene.
Me from her lotus heaven Saraswati
Has called to regions of eternal snow
And Ganges pacing to the southern sea,
Ganges upon whose shores the flowers of Eden blow.
~ CWSA, Vol. 2, p. 37
Thus when Sri Aurobindo entered the Baroda State Service, he was a total stranger to Indian language except a little Bengali which he had had to learn as an I.C.S. probationer who had opted for service in Bengal. His teacher was an Englishman who himself knew very little of the language.
At Baroda, Sri Aurobindo first made arrangements to improve his Bengali. Marathi and Gujarati too invited his attention as the languages were current in Baroda. And as a classical scholar who had mastered Greek and Latin, he was attracted to Sanskrit.
Sanskrit brought him a tremendous revelation. To one who had been an enthusiastic admirer of the Athenian civilisation, the culture unveiled by the Sanskrit heritage through Valmiki, Vyasa, Kalidasa and Bhartrihari appeared altogether unique.
Though apparently older than the Greece of his classical studies, this was a brave new world; it mirrored a beauteous mankind that had attained perfection in several spheres and had based its civilisation on foundations that were aesthetically pleasing and spiritually noble.
Yes, this was quite different from the Greek past that Sri Aurobindo had hitherto known. The glory that was Greece, its heroes and heroic battles, gods and titans, were all frozen within the parchments of a few epics, dramas and histories. Greece was no longer a living influence. The gods had departed from the hearths and temples, from art and poetry. A solitary poem like Keats’ ‘Ode to a Grecian Urn’ was itself a commentary upon this irrevocable passing of the Greek past.
. . . thy streets for evermore
Will silent be; and not a soul to tell
Why thou art desolate, can e’er return.
Not so the Indian past. Sri Aurobindo found that what belonged to the yesterdays of Indian culture remained relevant and active even on the day when he was reading and writing.
The stories of Rama and the Pandavas were part of the day- to-day life of the Indians. The anecdotes and poetry of the epics were remembered with effortless ease in the conversations of the common man. They still wept with Sita and Draupadi at the dramatic representations in country fairs.
Toru Dutt’s memorable poem ‘Sita’ recalls this perennial recreation of epic scenes by mothers telling stories to their children. Not a modern room, but it is Valmiki’s ashram that encloses the children as they listen and see before them the consort of Rama enveloped in gloom:
“But who is this fair lady? Not in vain
She weeps, — for lo! at every tear she sheds
Tears from three pairs of young eyes fall amain,
And bowed in sorrow are the three young heads.
It is an old, old story, and the lay
Which has evoked sad Sita from the past
Is by a mother sung…”
Introducing her Cradle Tales of Hinduism based mainly on the Ramayana and the Mahabharata legends, Sister Nivedita says:
“These two great works form together the outstanding educational agencies of Indian life. All over the country, in every province, especially during the winter season, audiences of Hindus and Mohammedans gather round the Brahmin story-teller at nightfall, and listen to his rendering of the ancient tales. The Mohammedans of Bengal have their own version of the Mahabharata. And in the life of every child amongst the Hindu higher castes, there comes a time when, evening after evening, hour after hour, his grandmother pours into his ears these memories of old.
There are simple forms of village-drama, also, by whose means, in some provinces, every man grows up with a full and authoritative knowledge of the Mahabharata.”~ 1972 edition, p. vi
Parents wished their sons to be obedient as Rama; and their daughters to be as chaste as Savitri. This remarkable endurance of the legendary characters was no doubt due to the basic spiritual strength garnered in the epic past.
Ramayana and the Cultural Mind of India
What was then the secret of these Indian epics that they had been “received and absorbed by both the high and the low, the cultured and the masses and remained through twenty centuries an intimate and formative part of the life of the whole nation?” (CWSA, Vol. 20, p. 353)
Sri Aurobindo launched upon his significant archaeological venture of getting at the foundations of Indian culture by taking up Valmiki and Vyasa for careful study. The more he delved into the Sanskrit epics, greater grew the distance between Greece and himself.
For instance, his political journalism began to reflect his Sanskrit studies in a large measure. ‘The Life of Nationalism’, an article written for the Bande Mataram makes magnificent use of Krishna’s birth in the prison at Mathura, his secret growth in Gokula and his destruction of Kamsa and assuming the leadership at Dwaraka to suggest the stages in the growth of the idea of Nationalism.
“Last is the season of rule and fulfilment, the life of Krishna at Dwaraka, when the victorious idea lives out its potent and unhindered existence, works its will with a world which has become in its hands as clay in the hands of the potter, creates what it has to create, teaches what it has to teach, until its own time comes and with the arrow of Age, the hunter, in its heel, it gives up its body and returns to the great source of all power and energy from which it came.”~ CWSA, Vol. 7, p. 745
The Greek influence was, of course, never completely shaken off. Even after his retirement at Pondicherry, Sri Aurobindo did experiment with classical Western prosody, revised Perseus the Deliverer and began writing Ilion, a wholly Greek epic which was, however, left unfinished.
After meeting Valmiki and Vyasa, he never parted from their company.
Savitri, quarried from the Mahabharata was still in the process of composition, when he attained Mahasamadhi in 1950. It is quite possible that he may have wished to translate the twin epics into English (K. R. Srinivasa Iyengar, Sri Aurobindo: A Biography and a History, 1972, p. 143). He did render into English some chosen passages from Vyasa and Valmiki during his Baroda days.
The ‘Notes’ and the experiments in translation were his first soundings in the oceanic vastness of the two epics. Other interests — politics, poetry, political journalism, yoga, Yogashram — must have gradually pushed the original intention out of the field of actual execution. But the specimens that remain — even if they are no more than ‘drafts’ — are certainly suggestive of the great unfulfilled possibilities.” (Iyengar, p. 143-144).
An example from one of Sri Aurobindo’s articles in Karmayogin, titled ‘Exit Bibhishan’ – “He [Gokhale] publishes himself now as the righteous Bibhishan who, with the Sugrives, Angads and Hanumans of Madras and Allahabad, has gone to join the Avatar of Radical absolutism in the India Office, and ourselves as the Rakshasa to be destroyed by this new Holy Alliance. Even this formidable conjunction does not alarm us. At any rate Bibhishan has gone out of Lanka, and Bibhishans are always more dangerous there than in the camp of the adversary.” (CWSA, Vol. 8, p. 121)
TO BE CONTINUED. . .
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This is NOT about limiting any personal or medical use of cannabis, or existing delivery services.
This is about stopping an industry that will change HMB forever.
Why vote NO on all 4 measures?
Measure GG, allowing commercial cultivation of immature marijuana plants, gives the pot industry a foothold from which it will aggressively lobby to grow mature plants, sell marijuana products and manufacture concentrates and edibles (Measures EE, SS, MM). The local pro-cannabis industry group has stated this as their strategy. That's why we recommend voting NO on all four measures.
1) Measure GG would allow commercial cultivation of immature marijuana plants in greenhouses
2) EE is an advisory measure about cultivation of mature marijuana plants in greenhouses
3) SS is an advisory measure about the retail sale of marijuana and marijuana products4) MM is an advisory measure about manufacturing of marijuana concentrates and edibles
Here's who opposes GG EE SS MM:
Marina Fraser, Former Mayor, Councilmember; Rick Kowalcyzk, Former Mayor, Councilmember;
Naomi Patridge, Former Mayor, Councilmember; Virginia Turezyn, Candidate for HMB City Council;
Half Moon Bay Latino Advisory Council and many more
Communities that have allowed pot growing, manufacturing and retail sales have seen:
Negative changes in the character of their towns.
Increased crime – Cannabis grow operations are an attractive target for robbery attempts, which poses a threat to public safety in the surrounding residential neighborhoods.
Normalization of pot use among youth in the community.
Increased energy, water usage and possible pesticides that endanger our water supplies!
Significant risk to undocumented agriculture workers in our community.
Increased rental housing cost, driving locals out of the community
Are you registered to vote?
If you are not yet registered to vote, please register! Voter registration forms are available at HMB City Hall and at the Library. Only HMB registered voters will see these measures on their November 6 ballots. | <urn:uuid:1e2bff45-1e7c-4b23-b2b8-9b108d4673fc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://coastsidersagainstcommercialmarijuana.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.929833 | 424 | 1.515625 | 2 |
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The United States of America ke dher naam se jaana jaawe hae, jaise ki: USA ke federal sarkar ke tiin bhaag hae: executive branch, legislative branch, aur judicial branch . USA ek federal constitutional republic hae jisme fifty states aur ek federal district hae Explore USA local news alerts & today's headlines geolocated on live map on website or application. Focus on politics, military news and security alerts. U.S Interactive News Map - United States News - usa.liveuamap.com. source On live map. Tell friends. Liveuamap News. Jump to map Official photos, videos, athletes and medals from all Olympic Games ever held in United States of America. LA 2028, Salt Lake City 2002, Atlanta 1996, Los Angeles 1984, Lake Placid 1980, Squaw Valley 1960, Los Angeles 1932, Lake Placid 1932, St Louis 1904 USA: states quiz. Click on an area on the map to answer the questions. If you are signed in, your score will be saved and you can keep track of your progress The mission of the United States Embassy is to advance the interests of the United States, and to serve and protect U.S. citizens
Amerikas förenta stater (engelska: United States of America), eller i förkortad form Förenta staterna (engelska: United States), på svenska vanligen kallat för USA eller Amerika , är en federal republik som består av 50 delstater, ett federalt distrikt och ett flertal olika självstyrande områden. De fyrtioåtta angränsande delstaterna och det federala. To rank CNBC's 2019 America's Top States for Business, we put all 50 states through a rigorous test and graded them based on more than 60 measures of competitiveness in 10 broad categories U.S. News & World Report ranks the top luxury hotels in the USA. 4617 scored high enough to be named the Best Hotels in the USA. See the top properties
Telling our truth about the LGBTQ+ journey. As we come to the end of Pride month, Siemens USA will continue to celebrate and support our LGBTQ+ colleagues and allies every month. Together, we create a welcoming and inclusive community Generally, a citizen of a foreign country who wishes to enter the United States must first obtain a visa, either a nonimmigrant visa for a temporary stay, or an immigrant visa for permanent residence. Visitor visas are nonimmigrant visas for persons who want to enter the United States temporarily for business (visa category B-1), for tourism (visa category B-2), or for a combination of both.
The 10 Poorest States In America For 2021. We looked at the most recent census data to determine the states with the highest level of poverty and poor economies. Chris Kolmar, RoadSnacks January 6, 2021 - 338,716 views To find out where corruption is the biggest problem in America, we used data from the Department of Justice (DOJ) to determine the number of public corruption convictions per 10,000 residents in all 50 states. The data accounts for violations of federal law in bribery, extortion, police brutality, theft of government property, and other cases. Amerikas Forenede Stater (engelsk: United States of America), på dansk normalt omtalt som USA, er en demokratisk forbundsrepublik, der består af 50 delstater, et føderalt distrikt (hovedstaden Washington D.C.) og 14 territorier.De 48 af delstaterne og Washington DC ligger som et samlet landområde i det centrale Nordamerika, afgrænset på hver side af henholdsvis Atlanterhavet og.
Kamala D. Harris is the Vice President of the United States of America. She was elected Vice President after a lifetime of public service, having been elected District Attorney of San Francisco, California Attorney General, and United States Senator United States Embassy Manila, Philippines United States Consular Agency Cebu, Philippines July 30, 2021 Health Alert: Quarantine Update, Aug 1-15, 2021 The Government of the Statement of the U.S. Embassy on Recall of VFA Abrogatio
This is an online quiz called States of the USA Quiz. There is a printable worksheet available for download here so you can take the quiz with pen and paper. From the quiz author. Can you find the 50 states of the US on a blank map? Take this 50 states quiz to test your knowledge of the US states United States maps are an invaluable part of family history research. View the historical atlases and maps of USA and states to discover the precise location of your ancestor's hometown, what land they owned, who their neighbors were, and more Two Florida school districts that imposed mask mandates were given a deadline to reverse course or lose state funding equal to the salaries of their school board members. State Rep. Chris Johansen and his late wife Cindy had not been vaccinated against the coronavirus, the Bangor Daily News reported. Ranking all 50 states from best to worst. 20. Maryland Maryland is a tough state to pin down -- not quite Southern, not quite Northern, split between the influences of DC and Baltimore, speaking. the United States of America and Europa Union flag. Dart with stars and stripes flag of USA. doctor or researcher hands holding syringe and bottle vial prepare for injection vaccine development fight against covid-19 concept horizontal vector illustration. the state flag of Russia and USA | <urn:uuid:2790cadf-622d-48c7-bfdb-a7935b817bf8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://disonsno.com/9pzvcu33qvkf/USA-States.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.821821 | 3,682 | 3.171875 | 3 |
The spookiest day of the year is just around the corner, when little witches and ghouls stalk the streets and adults willingly scare themselves witless. In honor of this haunted holiday, we’ve pulled together three great reads about Halloween’s surprisingly romantic history, the origins of your favorite monsters, and the joy at the heart of Dia de Los Muertos. These stories may not chill you to the bone, but they are sure to get you in the spirit.
The Origins of 25 Monsters, Ghosts, and Spooky Things
Sonya Vatomsky, Mental Floss
Ever wonder why we carve jack-o-lanterns or go trick-or-treating? Or where the legend of the headless horseman or a witch’s flying broomstick come from? The story behind these and other ghoulish customs and creatures might surprise you.
Boo? Halloween Used to Be About Finding True Love
Niraj Chokshi, The New York Times
Halloween wasn’t always so scary. A century ago, the holiday was less about fright—and more about flirtation.
Top 10 Things to Know About Día de los Muertos
Logan Ward, National Geographic
Día de los Muertos, or Day of the Dead, is not a Mexican version of Halloween. While Halloween is a dark night of terror and mischief, Day of the Dead festivities unfold over two days in an explosion of color and life-affirming joy.
Now that you’ve read up on your ghosts and goblins, tell us: What’s your favorite part of Halloween? Tweet us @Pocket and share your favorite Halloween stories. | <urn:uuid:f4503845-690c-4bc3-902d-d92e694718df> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.getpocket.com/2018/10/trick-or-treat-yourself-to-a-few-great-halloween-reads/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.83406 | 347 | 2.296875 | 2 |
If exact values are important to your story, add value labels to the chart.
If there are just a few numbers on our chart and we want to show their exact values, we can show the numbers in text labels. These labels are placed on or near the wedge representing them in the pie.
Don't use too many decimal places in the labels. It will add clutter to the chart without adding any relevant information. Limit yourself to two decimal places. That's precise enough, and your chart will look better.
In R, you can round numbers by calling the round function. It looks like this:
round(x, digits = 0)
Round takes two arguments:
x (the numbers that we want to round) and
digits (how many decimal places we want). The digits argument is optional; if you don't specify it, numbers will be rounded to the nearest whole number (zero decimal places) by default.
To add text labels to our pie chart, we will use
geom_text() with some appropriate arguments:
+ geom_text(aes(x = 1.7, label = value_labels), position = position_stack(vjust = 0.5))
The three arguments are:
x (the distance between wedge and label),
label (text describing the labels, which will appear next to each wedge), and
position (where the label will be placed). In this case, labels will appear near each wedge, at the center of the wedge angle.
We will also want to add a percent sign to the labels. We'll use the
paste0(text1, text2) function to do this. It adds text2 to text1. Here it is for one of our values:
paste0(24, "%") = "24%" | <urn:uuid:d79415c9-682a-41a1-a6a1-a7bbd9166fee> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://academy.vertabelo.com/course/data-visualization-101/pie-chart/work-with-your-chart/add-value-labels | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.845304 | 375 | 3.640625 | 4 |
Print may not seem like an obvious process to feature in a corporate sustainability policy, but the fact is that the type of print methodology you choose can impact your overall carbon footprint and deliver valuable reassurance to clients now actively seeking out more proven, environmentally-friendly resources. Going digital will meet these new sustainability requirements.
Digital means paper saved
Those looking for environmental benefits should opt for digital printing because though it still requires the use of paper materials, it typically uses much less paper than traditional methods.
Flexographic printers – those which are typically used for printing high packaging volumes – while being capable of printing on almost any type of service require long setup times and produce so much waste that for every order produced, 15% or more is ends up in the trash.
Digital equipment on the other hand doesn’t require setup, and as it uses electronic charges to print, scrap is often lower than 5% of traditional methods. Just switching printing techniques can eliminate 10% of paper waste, and that’s a conservative estimate. Some digital printers are also capable of utilizing recycled paper, which reduces waste even further.
Digital means energy saved
Power consumption is also reduced with digital machinery which by and large has modest energy consumption and a limited carbon footprint compared with conventional printers. Modern digital printers are designed to be energy efficient and environmentally friendly. Solvent-based printers tend to be less energy efficient because of the power needed to generate heat for the drying process.
Digital means less greenhouse gases
Ink choice also comes into the environmental equation. Petroleum oil inks have dominated the industry since the 1970s, and reports suggest that offset printing uses more than three million tons of hydrocarbon-based inks and chemicals every year, releasing large quantities of greenhouse gases. More recently and with the onset of digital, the industry has invested in alternative and less environmentally damaging inks such as vegetable based eco solvent and waterless-based variants. Vegetable based inks consists of 51% sustainable materials, and unlike their petroleum-based counterparts, which release high amounts of volatile organic compounds only contribute between 2-15%. Water-based inks are about as environmentally responsible as you can get in this business because they are completely PVC free.
Choices of fabrics and textiles are another key environmental factor. In digital inkjet printers, eco-friendly certified fabrics or textiles are those made with a minimum use of chemicals and pesticides and follow best land management, sustainable farming, animal friendly and fair-trade practices.
Digital saves on toxic chemicals & water.
Traditional printing, both offset and flexographic, requires a lot of toxic chemicals to produce a single printed piece. You need dark room chemicals to produce the polyester of rubber plates. To get a good print from conventional techniques you must add solvents to the colour paste and large amounts of colorants. Cleaning screens and machinery produces a lot of wastewater containing surplus colorants and you must also factor in the chemical solvents necessary to remove ink from the rollers. Though digital printing can’t claim to be chemical-free as it does need some mild solvents to remove ink and the ink itself is oil based, it uses significantly less than older technologies.
Digital means time saved
In conventional printing, providing press proof is a time-consuming affair, with plates having to be made and one print run implemented. With digital, however, you can proof your product on-screen – no time-consuming process, or wasteful plates and print run. Added to this, factor in the carbon emissions saved by clients having to “drive to the printers” to review the proof or the delivery required to get the proof to a client.
Digital means less to landfill
Digital’s print-on-demand capability also reduces warehousing and rules out over production so less product ultimately heads for landfills.
Digital means commercial sense
Sustainability policies are increasingly featuring in any company’s governance indeed, they are now ever more sought out in public sector tenders and contract awards. Governments and key environmentally conscious organisations now want reassurance that the services they buy in are totally aligned to their own sustainability performance indicators. | <urn:uuid:2b66ead6-83dd-4c20-b7b3-b886b515cf75> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://elanprint.qa/blog/why-print-should-feature-in-sustainability-policies/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.947506 | 847 | 3.015625 | 3 |
The global halal market size was estimated at USD 5.73 trillion in 2016 is likely to grow substantially due to the increasing population of Muslims across the globe. The growing size of the youth population with high disposable income utilising these products & services is expected to further augment the growth of the market over the next eight years.
Global halal market revenue, 2014 - 2024 (USD Trillion)
Rising demand for halal products including cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and food & beverages in accordance with the traditional Islamic law is expected to drive the global industry growth. The Muslim population is projected to reach 2.2 billion by 2030 up from 1.7 billion in 2014. At present, Muslims account for over 20% of the global population.
These factors are expected to play a vital role in driving the demand for halal products & services. Rising demand for halal food owing to its adherence to Islamic laws is expected to drive the global demand. Furthermore, the increasing revenue of Islamic nations, primarily due to the rapid progress of the Islamic financial prudence in the Middle East and South East Asia, is also projected to underwrite to the marketplace development in the next few years.
The usage of halal products by non-Muslim consumers is also on the upsurge, which is anticipated to fulfil the worldwide demand further. Since these products are not limited to food & beverages, they have diversified into various products & services which have witnessed a boom since their inception.
Numerous countries with high demand have insufficient manufacturing infrastructure to match the growing demand. Thus, they are heavily dependent on imports from other nations. Governments in certain countries are also offering incentives and grants to companies for manufacturing halal products and encourage the use of certified products.
Segmentation By Product
• Food & Beverages
• Media & Recreation
Finance was the largest revenue contributor to the global halal industry accounting for 65.5% of the share in 2016. New product innovations including Sharia-compliant pension funds is expected to drive the growth of the sector.
Lack of awareness has resulted in low penetration of the sector over the past few years. Nonetheless, countries such as Maldives, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Iran are expected to enter the global market thereby exploiting the untapped potential of the segment.
Halal food & beverages were the second largest segment of the market and are expected to witness growth at a CAGR of 9.9% over the projected period. Increasing availability of online halal meal takeout and delivery platforms, especially in non-OIC economies. The emergence of e-commerce portals such as HalalEat, Halalonclick, and Halal to Door is anticipated to fuel the growth of the segment over the next few years.
Halal tourism has recently gained immense popularity and is now emerging as a new phenomenon in the global tourism industry. Increasing number of Muslims visiting beaches in countries such as Turkey and Thailand is expected to drive the growth of the segment. Keeping in mind the growth of the global tourism market, there has been an emergence of platforms such as Airbnb, Tripfez and Bookhalalhomes over the past few years and these companies have been gaining tremendous momentum in tandem with the increasing number of travellers. The segment is estimated to be worth USD 320.7 billion by 2024.
Segmentation By Region
• Asia Pacific
• Middle East
• Saudi Arabia
The Middle East and Asia Pacific together dominated the global industry accounting for 83.3% of the market share in 2016. The presence of a large Muslim population in these regions will drive the global market. Ease of availability of halal certified foods & beverages, numerous tourist destinations as well as the presence of pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food manufacturers are key driving factors for the market.
Increasing demand for these products by non-Muslim consumers in Europe and Americas is expected to drive these regional markets, and are together anticipated to contribute to 9.6% of the global revenues generated in 2024. Increasing tourism is expected to open new opportunities for halal products & services in these regions over the next few years.
Key vendors include Diana Kotb, Al-Salam Bank, MMA Bio Lab Sdn Bhd, Nema Food Company, and CCM Pharmaceuticals Sdn Bhd. There is no noted trend of companies diversifying their offering to include other types of products and services.
Research Support Specialist, USA | <urn:uuid:19cfa50f-dea3-4689-bb0c-8c5503b8c840> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hexaresearch.com/research-report/halal-market | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.944543 | 946 | 1.75 | 2 |
With this post we conclude our series on the 4-fold vision statement of Koinonia Fellowship: Know Christ, Grow in Christ, Proclaim Christ and bring Him glory. Actually, glorifying Christ is the foundation of anything and everything that we do as Christians, both inside and outside of the walls of the church building. To define what the glory of God means is nearly impossible because the glory of God is a manifestation of all that God is.
Psalm 19.1 The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his handywork
Psalm 115.1 Not unto us, O Lord, not unto us, but unto thy name give glory, for thy mercy, and for thy truth’s sake.
Romans 11.36 For of him, and through him, and to him, are all things: to whom be glory for ever. Amen
Ephesians 3.20,21 Now unto him that is able to do exceeding abundantly above all that we ask or think, according to the power that worketh in us, Unto him be glory in the church by Christ Jesus throughout all ages, world without end. Amen
Revelation 21.22,23 And I saw no temple therein: for the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb are the temple of it. And the city had no need of the sun, neither of the moon, to shine in it: for the glory of God did lighten it, and the Lamb is the light thereof
The very heavens declare the glory of God, and nothing can hinder the message that the beauty, majesty and vastness of creation preaches to us every second of every single day about our Creator.
All glory and honor is to be given to Him in the church because all that the church is enabled to do stems from God’s grace and not ourselves.
The very glory and splendor of the New Jerusalem is The Lord God Almighty and The Lamb Jesus Christ.
The glory of God is everlasting, because God is glorious and everlasting. So in one sense you cannot diminish God’s glory. To paraphrase C. S. Lewis, you cannot diminish God’s glory any more than a madman can diminish the sun merely by scribbling “darkness” on the walls of his cell.
The glory of God is a subject that we could talk about for an entire year and still not scratch the surface of what it means. That is because to try to describe the glory of God is in one sense as impossible as it would be to perfectly understand and define the totality of the character of God Himself.
Simply put, the glory of God is the visible manifestation of His character and His divine nature. It is the very essence of His presence. The Hebrew word for this glory of God is kabod, which can mean heavy. The word was used in Genesis 31 for animals heavy-laden with gold. The word also refers to the shining light of God’s presence. That glory was the cloud by day and the fiery pillar by night that led the people of God through the wilderness. Later it was the light that filled the tabernacle and the temple. Exodus 24:17 tells us that God’s glory was like a consuming fire on the top of Mount Sinai.
In the New Testament we have a Greek word—doxa, from which we get the English word doxology. That Greek word has the idea of honor, dignity, and reputation.
That last word—reputation—brings us very close to the meaning of “glory” in 1 Corinthians 10:31 So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God.
I want us to think of what those words in 1 Corinthians 10.31 mean for us individually and congregationally. That passage on living for the glory of God touches every area of life, doesn’t it? It gets down to the very basic things in life like eating and drinking and then an all-encompassing whatever you do.
In other words, whatever you do for the glory of Christ touches the clothes you wear and the cars you drive. It touches how you spend the money that God provides for you and what you spend it for. It touches how you spend the time that God gives you during the week. It touches the books you read and the movies you watch. It touches the radio stations you listen to and the shows you watch on TV. It touches your personal habits, your language, your friendships, the places you go to eat, and the things you drink. It touches the people you date, how you dress on a date, where you go on a date, and what you do on your dates. All of life, inside and outside of the walls of this church building matters to God and His reputation as His children.
Paul would go on to write that the reason for living in such a way is in order that we, Do not cause anyone to stumble, whether Jews, Greeks or the church of God—even as I try to please everybody in every way. For I am not seeking my own good but the good of many, so that they may be saved.
So what does this fourth and last vision statement – to live for the glory of Christ – mean to you and me practically? What does it mean to display the glory of God? Often, during worship, we sing of displaying God’s glory. Consider these familiar lyrics, “In my life Lord, be glorified…in our home, in our church…be glorified.” What do those words mean? How would you explain what those words mean to your unsaved neighbor?
Well, for God to be glorified in my life, I must realize that my life is not about living for me, but living for Him.
Romans 12.1,2 I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service. And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God.
Galatians 2.20,21 I am crucified with Christ, nevertheless I live, not I, but Christ liveth in me, and the life I now live in the flesh I live by the faith of the Son of God Who loved me and gave Himself for me.
2 Corinthians 5.14,15 For the love of Christ constraineth us; because we thus judge, that if one died for all, then were all dead: And that he died for all, that they which live should not henceforth live unto themselves, but unto him which died for them, and rose again.
The first point that needs to be made is that a God-glorifying life is not about me. A God-glorifying church is not about us. A God-glorifying life and church is all about loving The Lord our God with all of our heart, soul, mind and strength and loving our neighbors as ourselves.
Start by asking yourself, “How committed am I really to the Lordship of Christ in my life? Do I really desire to honor him in everything I do?”
Now I want you to think about all of the people that your life intersects with on a regular basis: your family, the people at your workplace or school, the people in your neighborhood, the people at the local grocery store. Ask yourself, “Is my life a living testimony of the Lordship and glory of The Lord Jesus Christ? Is my life a stepping stone or stumbling stone to others coming to Christ?”
Living for the glory of God in the world
To live for the glory of Christ means that all that we do in the way of good works, whether they are for Christians or non-Christians, inside or outside of the church are to be done for the glory of God.
Matt 5.16 Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven.
There are many reasons why people do good works. Some do them out of obligation. Some do them to impress others. Some do them in order to earn the favor or blessing of God. As Christians, we are to do all that we do for the glory of God. To please God and to honor Him.
Living for the glory of God in the church
1 Peter 4.10,11 As every man hath received the gift, even so minister the same one to another, as good stewards of the manifold grace of God. If any man speak, let him speak as the oracles of God; if any man minister, let him do it as of the ability which God giveth: that God in all things may be glorified through Jesus Christ, to whom be praise and dominion for ever and ever. Amen
It means that we are going to be wise stewards of the gifts and talents of God for His glory and honor. Jesus did not speak fondly of the person who was given a talent and chose to hide it under a bushel, instead of using it to bless others and give Him glory. Remember that Jesus did not accept the person’s excuse for not using their talent.
Dietrich Bonhoeffer, in his book The Cost of Discipleship, talks about our being a visible community and the opposite, being an invisible community: “Flight into the invisible is a denial of the call. A community of Jesus which seeks to hide itself has ceased to follow him.”
Living for the glory of God in my body and in my personal life.
1 Cor 6.12-20 All things are lawful unto me, but all things are not expedient: all things are lawful for me, but I will not be brought under the power of any. Meats for the belly, and the belly for meats: but God shall destroy both it and them. Now the body is not for fornication, but for the Lord; and the Lord for the body. And God hath both raised up the Lord, and will also raise up us by his own power. Know ye not that your bodies are the members of Christ? shall I then take the members of Christ, and make them the members of an harlot? God forbid. What? know ye not that he which is joined to an harlot is one body? for two, saith he, shall be one flesh. But he that is joined unto the Lord is one spirit. Flee fornication. Every sin that a man doeth is without the body; but he that committeth fornication sinneth against his own body. What? know ye not that your body is the temple of the Holy Ghost which is in you, which ye have of God, and ye are not your own? For ye are bought with a price: therefore glorify God in your body, and in your spirit, which are God’s.
1 Thess 4.3-8 For this is the will of God, even your sanctification, that ye should abstain from fornication: That every one of you should know how to possess his vessel in sanctification and honour; Not in the lust of concupiscence, even as the Gentiles which know not God: That no man go beyond and defraud his brother in any matter: because that the Lord is the avenger of all such, as we also have forewarned you and testified. For God hath not called us unto uncleanness, but unto holiness. He therefore that despiseth, despiseth not man, but God, who hath also given unto us his holy Spirit
A Christian’s body belongs to the Lord (v. 13), is a member of Christ (v. 15), and is the Holy Spirit’s temple. My life is not to be ruled by inordinate concern for food or sexual intimacy that is contrary to the Word and will of God. I glorify God by choosing to deny myself and my suicidal pleasures and lusts and by the grace of God, choose to live a life of purity and holiness.
Living for the glory of God in a world that is anti-christ and hostile to the Name and gospel of Jesus Christ.
1 Peter 4.12-16 Beloved, think it not strange concerning the fiery trial which is to try you, as though some strange thing happened unto you: But rejoice, inasmuch as ye are partakers of Christ’s sufferings; that, when his glory shall be revealed, ye may be glad also with exceeding joy. If ye be reproached for the name of Christ, happy are ye; for the spirit of glory and of God resteth upon you: on their part he is evil spoken of, but on your part he is glorified. But let none of you suffer as a murderer, or as a thief, or as an evildoer, or as a busybody in other men’s matters. Yet if any man suffer as a Christian, let him not be ashamed; but let him glorify God on this behalf.
Far too many professing Christians suffer for being a jerk or a spiritual bully or a self-righteous, holier-than-thou legalist. I glorify God when I am prepared to suffer as a Christian and not be ashamed.
We are living in an age where the church is told to engage with the culture. There is something to be said for engaging culture and meeting them where they are. But let me tell you beloved, the bible also talks about confronting culture and their blasphemous, twisted views.
2 Timothy 3.12 all that will live godly in Christ Jesus shall suffer persecution.
Matthew 5.10-12 Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness ‘sake: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Blessed are ye, when men shall revile you, and persecute you, and shall say all manner of evil against you falsely, for my sake. Rejoice, and be exceeding glad: for great is your reward in heaven: for so persecuted they the prophets which were before you
Living for the glory of God as a community of believers in Jesus
Romans 15.7 Wherefore receive ye one another, as Christ also received us to the glory of God.
Please note that living for the glory of God is something that is to be on display within our church community. Receiving one another as Christ received us for the glory of God. Receiving our guests and visitors as Christ has received us. I believe this means that we should strive to be absolutely committed to love, forgive, nurture, challenge, and care for one another for the glory and honor of Jesus Christ. This is rarely easy, often sacrificial, and most of the time demanding.
But here is my difficulty. I am a whole lot better at talking about it than doing it. At some point you’ve just got to get out of the chair of comfort and ease and get into the game! If we wait until we figure out how to do it perfectly, we will never do it.
Living for the glory of God even unto death
John 21.19 This spake he, signifying by what death he (Peter) should glorify And when he had spoken this, he saith unto him, Follow me.
The fall and the misplaced glory of man
Since the fall of man in the Garden of Eden, mankind has been trapped into the trap of misplaced glory that has ben the root cause of all sin, sorrow and shame.
Romans 1.20-23 For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even his eternal power and Godhead; so that they are without excuse: Because that, when they knew God, they glorified him not as God, neither were thankful; but became vain in their imaginations, and their foolish heart was darkened. Professing themselves to be wise, they became fools, And changed the glory of the uncorruptible God into an image made like to corruptible man, and to birds, and four-footed beasts, and creeping things.
Fallen man has a misplaced glory problem. Instead of living to glorify God and give Him thanks for His daily provision of grace and mercy, he or she is a self-centered person who is choosing to live for his or her own glory and honor. Instead of beholding the beauty and majesty of Jesus Christ, they are people who have exchanged the glorious beauty and treasure of The Lord Jesus Christ for the artificial beauty or pleasure that they obtain from someone or something else. Instead of worshipping The Sovereign Lord God Almighty in Spirit and in truth, they worship the creature or created things more than The Creator.
I Am The Lord Thy God, thou shalt have no other gods before Me. Beloved, to put anybody or anything before God is idolatry, plain and simple.
The purpose of the cross of Jesus Christ was not only to provide forgiveness of sin in order that we might be brought into true fellowship with God. But that He might deliver us from the self-centered deception and bondage of exchanging the glory and pleasures of fellowship with The Living Christ for the misplaced, broken cisterns of this present world.
The prophet Isaiah said Ho, every one that thirsteth, come ye to the waters, and he that hath no money; come ye, buy, and eat; yea, come, buy wine and milk without money and without price. Wherefore do ye spend money for that which is not bread? and your labour for that which satisfieth not? hearken diligently unto me, and eat ye that which is good, and let your soul delight itself in fatness. Incline your ear, and come unto me: hear, and your soul shall live
Jesus told the woman at the well, Whosoever drinketh of this water shall thirst again: But whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst; but the water that I shall give him shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life (John 4.10-12).
The sum of the 4-fold vision statement is not about living for me and my glory; it’s not about you and living for your glory. It’s not about the church doing our week-in and week-out religious thing and making a name for ourselves on Facebook. It’s all about knowing Christ, growing in Christ, proclaiming Christ and giving Him all the glory and honor that He is worthy to receive. | <urn:uuid:cb349bfa-481c-4e86-8725-7d6b60f25745> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://selahonradio.com/glorify-christ/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.960871 | 3,886 | 1.632813 | 2 |
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