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BSAVA provides Q&A advice on avian influenza in backyard poultry
With Defra having recently issued a press release encouraging poultry owners to prepare for the increased risk of avian influenza over the winter months, the BSAVA has put together a Q&A to give vets an easy reference point to provide advice to backyard poultry keepers. The association has also compiled free access special collection on backyard poultry in the BSAVA library which is available until the end of December 2019.
What is avian influenza?
Avian influenza is highly contagious viral disease that affects both domestic and wild birds. AI viruses are usually classified into two categories: low pathogenicity avian influenza, which typically causes no or very few clinical signs in poultry, and high pathogenicity avian influenza which typically causes high mortality rates in poultry.
What are the clinical signs of disease in poultry?
The type and severity of clinical signs displayed will be dependent upon the strain of the virus and the species affected; some species such as ducks and geese may show few clinical signs.
How is the disease spread?
Wild bird species are the natural host and reservoir for all types of avian influenza, naturally carrying the virus in their respiratory and intestinal tracts, commonly without developing signs of the disease. The virus is predominantly spread via body secretions, both directly and indirectly. Migratory birds (predominantly waterfowl and gulls) can spread the disease over a wide geographical area.
Why is the winter a higher risk period for avian influenza?
The UK is at increased risk of avian influenza from migrating birds during winter. Furthermore, avian influenza viruses are able to survive for prolonged periods of time in the environment, particularly in low temperatures4.
How can I prevent my birds from contracting avian influenza?
All keepers of poultry should ensure that they uphold good levels of biosecurity to prevent disease entering their flock. This includes:
· maintaining good levels of hygiene and regularly disinfecting hard surfaces;
· changing shoes before entering/leaving to avoid transferring faeces in/out of the poultry enclosure;
· minimizing contact with wildlife by humanely controlling rodents and deterring wild birds. Contact with wild birds can be minimized by placing food and water in an enclosed area such as the coop, and preventing poultry from accessing ponds/standing water frequented by wild bird populations, for example by erecting temporary fencing;
· where possible, keeping birds of different poultry species separate (e.g. ducks and geese should be separate from chickens).
Whilst it is important that all backyard keepers maintain good levels of biosecurity, it is particularly prudent for keepers in areas deemed at higher risk of an incursion of avian influenza. In Great Britain, a number of High Risk Areas have been identified based upon previous experience, scientific expertise and veterinary opinion, and are predominantly areas where large numbers of migratory wild birds gather. To find out whether you are in a HRA, use the interactive map.
What should I do if I suspect avian influenza?
Avian influenza is a notifiable disease. If it is suspected, it must be reported immediately:
· In England, contact the Defra Rural Services Helpline on 03000 200 301
· In Wales, contact your local Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) office on 0300 303 8268
· In Scotland, contact your local Field Services Office
· For keepers in Northern Ireland, contact your local DVO.
For information on how to become a BSAVA member visithttps://www.bsava.com/Membership/Member-categories
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Eugene Robinson: China’s economy uninhibited, politics repressed
Don’t hold your breath waiting for any kind of Occupy Beijing movement to set up camp. Visitors to Tiananmen Square must pass through airport-style security checkpoints, and nobody is likely to try smuggling in a protest sign, much less a tent. The vast, wind-whipped plaza is a quiet place. China’s leaders intend to keep it that way.
Walk away from the square in any direction, however, and soon you find yourself amid a raucous riot of commerce. Whatever you’ve read about the speed and scale of development here, you have no idea until you see it with your own eyes. The contrast between China’s uninhibited economic life and its repressed political life could not be more stark.
The iconic portrait of Chairman Mao that looks out over Tiananmen seems anachronistic. At least in the urban centers, today’s China has abandoned communism in favor of a kind of hyper-capitalism. Even officials acknowledge Mao’s mistakes, especially the ruinous Cultural Revolution.
Yet Mao’s portrait remains. The government has essentially rebranded him as a nationalist who put a definitive end to centuries of imperial decadence and foreign domination, elevating a sovereign China to its rightful status as a great power.
“We have been very candid,” said Hong Lei, the spokesman for the Foreign Ministry. “We admit that he made serious problems for the country. But we never give a 100 percent disavowal of Chairman Mao’s accomplishments.”
And in any event, Hong said, the way to look at China’s evolution is that the country has now moved into a new phase of the transformation that Mao’s revolution began. Never mind that China is speeding down a road Mao never would have taken.
It makes sense that a government seeking to maintain the monopoly of power that Mao established would want to keep the chairman’s legacy alive. But many of the sightseers at Tiananmen on Thursday afternoon were recent arrivals from the hinterlands — among millions of migrants who leave the countryside to flock to China’s cities this year — and they seemed to gaze upon Mao’s visage with a sense of awe, not of irony. It was a reminder that for all the sophistication of the big cities, most of China remains rural and poor.
Living in a communist country without communism requires a finely tuned sense of what is permissible and what is not. Journalists acknowledge they practice self-censorship and, when necessary, toe the party line. A businessman will reach the brink of explicitly denouncing a government policy but not take the leap, instead lapsing into awkward silence. Commentators know they can criticize officials by name for incompetence or corruption, but only up to a certain level; an expert on the Chinese media said that such attacks against the president, the premier or other top-rank officials would be unthinkable.
“We have a red line,” said Hong. “No media can violate the basic laws and constitution.” He said this meant that “the basic political system should be kept. You cannot overthrow the government.”
To me, there’s an obvious difference between criticizing any official, even a head of state, and advocating a new revolution. A Chinese journalist might see the distinction, too — but might be ill-advised to assert it.
Still, history does matter. I had dinner one night at the home of Hao Jiang Tian, an acclaimed opera singer who performs at the Metropolitan Opera and other great venues around the world. He is in his 50s, and it was fascinating — and harrowing — to hear him and several of his contemporaries describe how they survived the years of the Cultural Revolution.
They were of high-school age, but instead of being able to continue their educations they were sent to menial jobs in construction, or forced to join the army, or banished to toil in the countryside.
They were hungry, exhausted, always fearful. When the nightmarish upheaval finally ended, they had to rebuild their lives from scratch.
I heard these stories while we sat around a table groaning with exquisite food. Tian’s large and elegant apartment is in a new high-rise — all the high-rises in Beijing are new — that has the distinction of being one of the city’s few “green” buildings, making innovative use of geothermal energy. Among our company were two prominent architects, who also live in the building, and a famous artist.
No, China isn’t free. But yes, it has changed.
Eugene Robinson is an associate editor of The Washington Post. His e-mail address firstname.lastname@example.org.
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WaterAid India is part of the global WaterAid network which seeks to improve access to clean water, decent toilets and good hygiene for everyone, everywhere. While clean water, decent toilets, and good hygiene should be a normal part of daily life for everyone, everywhere, for many people in urban areas and small towns, they are not.
Without these basics, the people suffer ill-health, miss out on an education and lack opportunities to support themselves and their families. Getting clean water and decent toilets to informal settlements in cities is often complex, and no easier in smaller towns. People often have to rely on informal water vendors, who charge much more than formal service providers.
As part of the Saamuhika Shakti initiative, WaterAid India will focus on improving access to safe drinking water and sanitation for waste picker communities through awareness creation, catering to immediate needs, creating evidence of exclusion and liaising with the government.
WAI undertook a baseline study to assess the current state of landscape in the context of WASH (Water, Sanitation and hygiene) in 13 selected slums of Bengaluru.
The waste pickers’ household was selected through a snowballing method, household members involved in informal waste picking activities were identified in discussion with local community members.
The objective of the study was to establish a baseline for the key change indicators –
● WASH facilities at household and community level
● WASH related behaviour and practices of the community
● Challenges faced by waste picker community in accessing wash facility at home and at workplace
● Majority households in non-notified slums live in kutcha houses, with no access to household toilets, and in some cases community toilets as well.
● Two third of all houses in notified slums were pucca houses, the housing facility being provided by the Karnataka Slum Development Board
● The average number of years the people reside in notified slums is 26.5 years, and those in non-notified slums is 9.6 years
● All notified slums have Anganwadi Centres (AWCs) with access to drinking water and sanitation.
● Almost all the households from non-notified slums (80%) denied possessing any ration card while maximum households from notified slums (78.7%) confirmed having BPL cards are no AWCs in non-notified slums
● Borewells available in05 notified slums
● Standpipes were also available across all notified slums and were found to be functional
● 2 notified and 2non-notified slums have access to community sanitary complexes / community toilets
● There are a higher number of Itinerant Buyers (43%) compared to sorters
● A noticeable difference was found in the mean calculated for average monthly income for male(INR 9920) and female (INR 6639) waste pickers
● Majority of the respondents (77%), across all slums, responded that other household members were not involved in waste picking
● Among those who confirmed involvement of their household members in waste picking activities around 37% stated that their children were involved in waste picking and around26% confirmed involvement of their siblings in waste picking activities
● Slum-wise analysis of primary source of drinking water reveals that with the exception of Sumanahalli all other slums mainly depended on a single source of drinking water
● The availability of own water connection was reported by majority of the households living in Cement colony, and Kuntigrama slums
● Tanker as a primary source of drinking water was primarily reported by respondents from Chiranjeevi Nagar slum
● Despite availability of drinking water in notified slums, community reported challenges due to the erratic timings (late evening, night on alternate days) when municipal water supply is available
● In most cases, drinking water was sourced either from public taps situated 250 to 500 metres away, or from Drinking Water Kiosks / RO plants
Around two thirds of households across both notified and non-notified slums reported that there were lean periods for water supply, when they found it difficult to get adequate drinking water. Overall, the average monthly expenditure on water reported by notified slum households was INR 225.7, and by non-notified slum households was INR257.1
The survey also revealed that the female respondents exhibited better hand hygiene awareness and practice frequency than their male counterparts, at all critical times. Given the gendered division of domestic chores and childcare activities, the percentage of female respondents washing their hands after disposal of child faeces (51.2%) was double that of male respondents (28%).
● A majority of the households (69.3%) reported the presence of a designated place to wash hands. The number of households with designated places to wash hands were higher in notified slums (74.8%) when compared to non-notified slums (61.7%).
● The percentage of households with availability of water and soap was almost double in notified slum areas (60%) when compared to non-notified slums (33.9%).
● The survey results point towards widespread presence of proper drainage infrastructure in notified slums, with 98% of households connected to drains. On the other hand, less than20% of households in non-notified slums reported being connected to proper drains that ensure safe disposal of wastewater.
● Only 22% of all households reporting regular collection of waste by the municipality
● 46% of the households surveyed throw solid waste outside the perimeter of their homes with no dumping site, while 30% have access to a nearby dumping site
● Close to 55% of female respondents reported using community toilets
● Close to one third of informal waste pickers (27.5%) do not have access to toilet facilities at workplace due to the nature of their work
● About 56% of the respondents reported in affirmative when enquired about handwashing compliance at work. The proportion was around 70% in case of notified slums and almost half (38%) in case of non-notified slums. A barrier on this front is limited access to handwashing facilities and supplies, particularly in public spaces, outside public or community toilets, etc.
● A majority of respondents (83.3%) reported asking nearby households or shopkeepers at their collection sites for drinking water
● 60.3% of the female respondents in the age group of 18 to 49 reported that they carry out their work even while menstruating
● Over 60% of the respondents reported that they do not change menstrual absorbents while at work
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KYIV, Ukraine (AP) — The Ukrainian president has vowed to do all he can to bring back the peninsula of Crimea, annexed by Russia seven years ago. And he has urged Ukraine’s international allies to support the effort. President Volodymyr Zelenskyy spoke at the Crimean Platform summit, called by Ukraine to build up pressure on Russia over the 2014 annexation that has been denounced as illegal by most of the world. Russia’s relations with the West have sunk to post-Cold War lows as a result. Top officials from 46 countries and blocs took part in the summit. A Kremlin spokesman denounced it as an “anti-Russian event.”
The post Ukraine’s leader vows to do all he can to bring back Crimea appeared first on WEEK.
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July 1, 2013Examining Multi-Institutional Collaboration Structures for Engaged Learning Researchby Tim Peeples Finding time, space, and resources to conduct and manage one’s own research, honing effective research questions and methodologies, and reporting results are all difficult enough. Why complicate this intellectual work by pursuing multi-institutional collaborations? And if one chooses to pursue such collaborations, how can they be best organized, managed, and resourced to succeed? Multi-institutional research is not at all new. The numbers engaged in this kind of research grew after World War II, with the rise of “big science” and the support of national and international agencies and institutes, primarily in the sciences. The numbers have grown even more, increasingly crossing educational and cooperate lines, supported by enhanced computational and communications technologies. Still, much remains to be learned about the benefits, costs, and best practices of multi-institutional research. And even today, very few are engaged in multi-institutional research outside of the sciences. What do we know, what do we need to know, how can we enhance this work, and is it worth pursuing, specifically in fields outside the sciences and around questions of engaged learning, broadly writ?
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Water Derivatives: How Soon and How Many?
I was discussing the article “Commoditization of Water: Straight Ahead to Financial Derivatives?” with a colleague of mine. As we got to the story of the riots in Bolivia brought on by a sharp increase in water bills following the privatization of the state water system by a foreign company, she asked me, “Is that what ‘The Quantum of Solace’ was about?” To be honest, the story of a South American nation was not exactly the centre point of my interest when I was watching this James Bond movie a few years ago. So last Friday I did watch the movie again and made sure that this time it was not just about Mr. Craig.
My re-acquaintance with the British secret agent’s exploits had a different flavor: this time I was watching people in a desert place with limited water resources having their lives hanging at a will of the handful of fate-holders. The story was fiction, with fictitious characters, warlords and military coups. However, after the closing credits, I was thinking: sixty per cent of nation water resources to be privatized by a foreign entity… that is actually not too far from the reality. The reality, however, is not that crude: it has international agreements, lawyers and contract clauses, settlement conditions and payment schedules.
Leaving aside the philosophical, humanitarian and social angle of the story, I am (as always) trying to concentrate on the data-related side.
Water availability and its quality is not a new item on the media plate. Pressed by growing population and industrial development, and contaminated by human activities, there is just not enough clean water to serve us in the near future. To aggravate it all, changes in precipitation patterns lead to redistribution of water reserves.
I love Las Vegas. I like the sense of affordable and somewhat artificial lavishness and abundance. But I know that the issues the local authorities have to deal with are not artificial, they are very real and valid. The issue is water shortage. Every time I take a shuttle or a cab from the airport, I hear another variation of the same joke from a driver: “Have you heard about water shortage in Las Vegas? To help us deal with this problem you are allowed to drink only wine (vodka, beer, etc.) during your stay here.” Can all those prophesying stories about Lake Mead be true? Could Lake Mead, the main source of water supply in the region, dry our within the next decade? If so, these drivers seem to be quite good at making lemonade from all the lemons given to them.
There are different approaches to deal with the impending scarcity of water: conservation, recycling, or making water a tradable commodity and letting market forces decide. Water trading is already becoming more common than we realize. No matter how strange it may sound, we have already passed several stages leading us in this direction. Private companies are assuming management of municipal water systems. In the U.S., about 14% of waterworks are owned by private interests. Worldwide, the share of privatized water systems is about 10%.
The privatization of water systems is putting us one step closer to trading access to water; the Canadian province of Alberta is an examples of this. The Water Act of 1999 in Alberta allowed transfers of water rights. Because the water right is traded between willing buyers and sellers, the number of transfers – brokered through commercial operations and dedicated websites – has been consistently increasing. As a result, the term “water market” is often used in Alberta.
It is not a great leap from a water rights trading system to the financial derivatives traded on public exchanges. We already see a lot of water-related products, such as those built on precipitations, and the majority are traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME). CME trades snowfall futures and options contracts, as well as monthly and seasonal rainfall options and futures.
Another spin on the derivatives market was set in motion by Thailand’s worst flood in almost 70 years, which killed approximately 700 people and caused $41.6 billion of damage to the economy. On December 15, 2011, the Securities and Exchange Commission said that Thailand may start trading water derivatives, providing investors with a means of hedging against disasters.
No matter what our opinion may be, water is becoming a commodity. This is a slow process, but it is imminent. And quite soon we will be observing more and more derivatives built on this commodity and traded through public exchanges and brokers.https://blog.ze.com/our-industry-views/water-derivatives-how-soon-and-how-many/https://blog.ze.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Screen-Shot-2013-09-13-at-4.42.28-PM.pnghttps://blog.ze.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Screen-Shot-2013-09-13-at-4.42.28-PM-300x300.pngIndustry ViewsCommodities,market dataI was discussing the article “Commoditization of Water: Straight Ahead to Financial Derivatives?” with a colleague of mine. As we got to the story of the riots in Bolivia brought on by a sharp increase in water bills following the privatization of the state water system by a foreign...Olga GorstenkoOlga email@example.com by data management Experts & Analysts | ZE
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HARRISBURG – As part of her commitment to keep local residents informed on important state-related issues, Senator Kristin Phillips-Hill (R-York) released her latest podcast today featuring an update on ways Pennsylvania could close its digital divide with a wide-ranging interview with Sascha Meinrath, the Palmer Chair in Telecommunications at Penn State.
“In the midst of a series of public hearings on how best to connect more Pennsylvanians to high-speed internet, I thought it would be very helpful for local listeners to learn more about some of the efforts not only here in Pennsylvania, but across the United States by bringing in a nationally known expert on the topic,” Phillips-Hill said. “I believe listeners who tune in will find some helpful information about where we are headed on this topic that impacts so many local residents.”
As chair of the Senate Communications and Technology Committee, Phillips-Hill is conducting public hearings throughout the state to explore how the lack of high-speed broadband affects different sectors of the state’s economy.
The conversation focuses on how state and federal studies differ on what defines lack of access to high-speed internet. The podcast also looks at how other states have deployed broadband and what has and has not worked when deploying high-speed internet in other areas across the country.
“One of the challenges with this issue is that there are those who want to throw money at the problem while we are still working on quantifying where the problem exists and how much it will cost. If there is a public sector component, we need to thoroughly vet this issue. This conversation with Sascha covers the history of the issue and where we’re headed,” she added.
The program runs approximately 38 minutes.
The Senate Communications and Technology Committee will hold its fourth and final hearing on the issue at the state Capitol on Monday, September 23 at 10 a.m. Meinrath is scheduled to testify at that hearing.
Phillips-Hill’s podcast, as well as instructions on how to subscribe to the podcast can be found on her website at www.SenatorKristin.com/podcast.
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By Heather Rockwood, Communications Associate
On 23 October 1775, Samuel Osgood, a militia leader who fought at the Battle of Lexington and Concord, wrote to John Adams with a military update. In one paragraph he mentions:
“The famous Waters Machine from Connecticutt is every Day expected in Camp. It must unavoidably be a clumsy Business as its Weight is about a Tun. I wish it might succeed [and] the Ships be blown up beyond the Attraction of the Earth for it is the only Way or Chance they have of reaching St. Peters Gate.”
What Osgood is referring to as the “famous Waters Machine” was the first submarine with recorded use in battle. It was built in Connecticut and used in New York Harbor against the British Navy and was called the Turtle because of the way it looked. The submarine was designed for a single occupant and would be positioned just below the water’s surface, with a pipe leading to fresh air. When the operator wanted to submerge, he would close the pipe and let the interior’s cavity fill with water, leaving enough space at the top to breathe for a few minutes. Propellers would move the submarine back to the water’s surface. Replicas of the Turtle can be seen in a few museums around the world; one is at the Connecticut River Museum.
The Turtle’s design was the work of two men—David Bushnell, who had graduated Yale College in 1775, and Isaac Doolittle, a clockmaker. While at Yale, Bushnell proved that gunpowder could be ignited and exploded underwater, and he used this knowledge to design underwater mines and torpedoes. With Doolittle, he designed a mechanically triggered time bomb and the first propeller. Combining these designs together, he and Doolittle created and built the Turtle.
Although the original idea was to use the Turtle to force the British out of Boston Harbor, the machine took too long to build, and the British had already evacuated Boston for Canada. Once the Turtle was built and undergoing tests in Connecticut, George Washington and Benjamin Franklin both heard about it, and Franklin was able to tour it. Sergeant Ezra Lee of the Continental Army spent two weeks learning to operate it proficiently. It was then time to deploy it against the British.
By that time the British Navy was occupying New York Harbor. On 6 September 1776, Sergeant Lee deployed the Turtle to attack the HMS Eagle, commanded by Admiral Howe, a move that might have delivered a decisive blow to the British Navy. The plan was to launch the Turtle at night and get as close to the HMS Eagle as possible, then submerge the submarine to go under the ship and attach a bomb to its underside by use of a hand auger. However, once Lee was under the ship, his auger hit metal, not wood as planned, and the bomb would not attach. As dawn approached, he abandoned the mission, and although the submarine had worked, the mission failed.
The Turtle was used in two more missions, both of which also failed, and then was lost during the Battle of Fort Lee in New Jersey, when the British sunk the sloop transporting it. Although the Turtle’s missions failed and the submarine was lost, it marked the beginning of an age of innovation in the newly formed United States at a time when the former colonists were eager to find a new identity.
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We know many parents have a favorite, although often every child is a favorite for different reasons. For example, your eldest child may be your favorite because they take on the responsibility of looking after their younger siblings. Or, you may especially love your youngest because they show so much love for your pets. The same can hold true for pets—who sometimes may edge out your children in the “favorite” category. You may say you love your cat the most because of their independent attitude, but your canine’s cuddles when you’re sick can’t be topped.
To show each of your pets that they are your “favorite,” spend time with them doing their most-loved activities. Nothing says “I love you” more than paying attention to your pet’s wants and needs. Here are four fun ways to show your pet they are the favorite in your household.
#1: Spend one-on-one time with your pet
In the hustle and bustle of a household filled with kids and an assortment of pets, a pet can easily feel lost amongst all the commotion. To ensure you don’t ignore your furry pal during the chaos of daily life, set aside special one-on-one time to interact with your pet. Whether you need to go into a bedroom to spend time playing with your pet, or take a walk in a different neighborhood, ensure your pet has your complete focus and attention. Spending devoted one-on-one time with each pet also helps you clue in sooner to health and behavior issues that may have gone unnoticed until they became serious problems.
#2: Take time each day to participate in your pet’s favorite activity
Knowing exactly what your pet likes to do is a sure sign that you love them, especially when you set aside time each day for their favorite activity. Each pet will have their own activity that they love the most, so spend time figuring out what will make your pet happiest. Cats, for example, have particular prey preferences for playtime, and learning their preference will entice them into being active each day. Your dog, on the other hand, may prefer a leisurely stroll where they can sniff every leaf and bush along the way, or a game of fetch. Spending time determining which activity your pet loves is a sure sign they are your favorite.
#3: Spoil your pet with their favorite healthy treat
Food is one of the most common ways people show their pets how much they love them, but too much of a good thing can lead to health issues, such as obesity, diabetes, and pancreatitis. The best way to spoil your pet is to ensure the treats are healthy choices, and that they comprise only 20% of their daily total caloric intake. Healthy treats for pets include:
- Lean, cooked meat (e.g., chicken breast and salmon)
- Fresh vegetables (e.g., broccoli, green beans, and carrots)
- Fresh fruit (e.g., bananas, apples, and berries)
When giving your pet “people foods,” ensure the meat is fully cooked, that all items are unseasoned, and you are not giving them toxic foods.
You can also bake a variety of treats for your pet using their favorite ingredients, such as peanut butter, cheese, tuna, and bacon. However, give these snacks in moderation, because they tend to be high in calories.
#4: Set aside time for a special grooming session for your pet
Helping your pet look and feel their best is an excellent way to show how much you love them. A relaxing grooming and massage session gives you time to enjoy each other’s company, while also giving you the opportunity to check your furry pal for lumps, bumps, wounds, and external parasites. If you don’t have time to pick through your long-coated pet’s tangles, schedule a grooming session with our team.
The next time you call to schedule your pet’s boarding or grooming services, rest assured that you’re showing your favorite pal how much you love them. Although your pet can’t fully understand your language, they understand kindness and affection through your actions. And, what better way to reward your furry friend for a lifetime of love than a fresh new haircut? Contact our Pet Resort at Stone Ridge team to schedule your pet’s grooming appointment, and help them feel their best.
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The 4-shaft shredder is typically used for large projects to process a wide range of tough, ductile waste materials including bulky waste, end-of-life tyres, industrial waste, electronic waste, non-ferrous metals etc. and to obtain consistent shapes and sizes. The high level of the cutter assists in shredding and gripping the material, thus making it easier for the material to enter the cutter box and eliminating the need for an additional press device.
AIShred offers four-shaft shredders with high performance cutters and hexagonal bearings. The integral cutter box with advanced heat treatment process can make the four-shaft shredder more reliable, stable and long-lasting. At the same time, motor-driven or hydraulic drive methods are available according to project needs, where the hydraulic drive system includes hydraulic motors, hydraulic pumps, cooling devices and necessary auxiliary devices. High quality core hydraulic components guarantee long and stable operation of the machine; the whole power system is designed for low speed and high torque, with high shredding capacity.
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Bioshock Infinite interweaves a lot of suggestive themes into its plot although these can largely be ignored or placed on the back burner in favour of the overarching plot of rescue and escape. However, looking at the themes of white supremacy and religion the game so readily purports via its audio and imagery, it’s a little disappointing that Ken Levine and the rest of the creative forces at Irrational Games didn’t go a little deeper with their window into the American history.
It’s obvious, the inclusion of racism, persecution and fear are all elements tuned to create the game’s wonderfully rich atmosphere, but much like the opening of the game, in a way, the execution simply comes across as acts to be viewed at the fairground with no real merit beyond the initial shock factor. It’s brazen and bold to include such themes in a contemporary and mass appealing video game, and perhaps the team felt delving deeper would detract too much from the main essence of the game; however, history is important and sits well as a compliment to the storytelling – despite the fact that Infinite is based on pure fantasy.
As the video shows, segregation as seen in South Africa’s Apartheid and how things were back in the 1900’s is an ugly truth which makes for interesting viewing considering western societies have moved far forwards from those times. Bioshock pulls no punches with its seeming history lessons, but goes no where with its impacting message other than using it as a catalyst to a future and expected plot device within the story. What’s the actual message here, that Americans have an unruly and ugly history much like many nations, that the underclasses will rise up and take over. Is it a narrative contrast to how we live today and a window to our past? Either way, it’s good that there was no fear in presenting these elements within the game, that players would be mature enough to understand its inclusion, but perhaps could have had a deeper impact if there was a little more of a message behind the presentation, beyond simply bolstering an expected outcome.
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Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.
Not Waiting for a Cure Oral History Project: Interview with David Swarthout
BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION: At the time of this interview, David Swarthout had been providing HIV counseling services to newly diagnosed people for more than eight years through the Hennepin County Red Door Clinic. SUBJECTS DISCUSSED: A former Jesuit monk, Swarthout discusses the early discrimination against people with HIV in Minnesota. He discusses his efforts to provide a hopeful alternative to overwhelmingly negative messages in the media and how he helps people adjust to life with HIV infection.
2 hours sound cassette
19 pages transcript
Content Category: sound recordings
Content Category: text
01:05:45 running time
Interviewee: Swarthout, David
Interviewer: Davies, Susan
Made in: Minneapolis, Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States
|Holding Type||Oral History - Interview|
OH 50 (Library Call Number)
AV1996.17.14 (Accession Number)
MNHS Library Catalog
Oral History - Project, MHS Collection, project: 'Not Waiting for a Cure Oral History Project'
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Dwelling Improvement Tricks To Make Life At Residence Extra Snug And Handy
Making residence improvements does not need to imply finishing complex duties. It additionally does not must imply spending huge bucks. There are a lot of tasks that you would be able to complete with just a bit steering. In this text we will provide recommendations on some simple and value effective enhancements that you might do that weekend.
In northern climates where heavy snow covers the ground all winter, you could lose observe of where the borders of pathways are. To keep away from this it’s a good idea to put a 4′ X 4′ lumber bordering the paths. Then, when you find yourself shoveling snow, you will know exactly where the edge of the trail needs to be.
You can see + the content material about that https://www.aluminumdw.com/airtight/ .
Severely reconsider adding a swimming pool to your backyard. A pool may be an gratifying addition to a home. What some people fail to understand is that they are additionally very expensive. Not solely are there the preliminary prices to contemplate, there is also the cost of regular upkeep. Make sure https://www.aluminumdw.com/airtight/ have the money and time required, to keep your pool area from falling into disrepair, before you spend the money on it.
A good way to add ambience to a room is by lighting a candle. Candles are a romantic gesture in any setting, but also give off a warm glow providing a room with the feeling of warmth and coziness. If your candle is scented, it additionally provides off a pleasant scent within the room while making you are feeling relaxed.
In relation to home enchancment, make certain that you are taking note of your surroundings and solely make enhancements that make sense. Forgetting things like insulation in the North, or sun-shielding within the South, will critically lower the value of any renovations you make. Do issues to a house that need to be carried out, but do not do something further that the local weather will not enable.
https://jaimiebowman.com/home-improvement-tips-for-home-or-apartment/ out all the modifications you need to add to your house before you even begin a undertaking. That is crucial to be sure to stay on funds and within a sure time-frame. When you make modifications through the challenge, you may enhance the worth and the time. You should have happier contractors when you may tell them exactly what you want, also.
Flooring will be a relatively easy home enchancment challenge even for a novice. Give https://www.aluminumdw.com/airtight/ to placing tile in your kitchen and bathrooms and replace your carpet with hardwood flooring. Dwelling enchancment stores have a wealth of information about how you can make this course of simple for you to complete.
Jimmy proof the locks on your window sashes. Most inexpensive window sash locks may be opened from outdoors the window by inserting a skinny blade into the crack and pushing. Fix this problem by updating to newer and extra secure locks. http://www.channel4.com/home+improvement+tips/home+improvement+tips to do is take away and replace a few screws!
Put hearth extinguishers in several rooms of your home. Fire extinguishers are significantly vital within the kitchen, but they could be a sensible investment for practically every room. Fires can break out in electrical wiring, where a chimney passes via a ceiling, and practically anywhere. Be ready!
If you do not have already got one, add a second bathroom to your home. The primary reason for that is so your loved ones does not should battle over one bathroom. Another purpose for including one other bathroom is for resale worth. Having two bathrooms makes a house extra engaging for potential consumers.
So there you will have it, a number of easy and inexpensive tasks that can enhance the value and quality of your own home. Sort out https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=home+improvement+tips,creativhome+improvement+tipsmmons or two at a time, make them a weekend venture, and enjoy the fruits of your labor. Comply with the ideas now we have supplied and you will be on your way to bettering your own home like the pros.
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This project aims to spread the Intercrompehension (IC) teaching of Romanic and Germanic languages across the member universities of EUniWell.
Similar to the already existing Romanic IC activities, the project plans to create activities for the Germanic languages. To top this up, their plan is to build a bridge between Romance and Germanic IC by developing didactic approaches and materials. Online IC Courses (MOOC) are going to be implemented and the project plans to organise IC tandems between students of partner universities. Led by University of Florence, the partners in this project are Semmelweis University, Linnaeus University and Nantes Université.
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Bracq's career began in the design studio of Philippe Charbonneaux, where he served as Charbonneaux' assistant in 1953 and 1954. During this period, the studio produced the designs for the French Presidential limousine built by Citroën, a one-off Pegaso coupe, and other automotive designs.
Bracq served his mandatory military service from late 1954 through 1957. Subsequently he worked for Daimler-Benz, heading the design studio in Sindelfingen, a post he would hold for ten years. Bracq styled the Mercedes 600, 230SL/250SL/280SL roadster, the 220S coupé, the 250 and 220D, the W108 and W114 coupe series, and its stablemate the W115 – all of the '60s and '70s.
Upon his return to France in 1967, Bracq worked for Brissonneau and Lotz, where he worked on the design of the TGV high-speed passenger train which was led by Jacques Cooper. During this time, Bracq was also responsible for prototypes of a sports car based on the BMW 1600Ti and a coupé based on the Simca 1100.
In 1970, Bracq was appointed design director of BMW, where he was responsible for the top-of-the-line 7-Series. His 1973 "Turbo" concept car won "Concept Car of the Year" by the Revue Automobile Suisse that year; the car repeated the feat in 1992 in the Bagatelle Concours d'Elegance.
Bracq is also active as a judge in many automotive concours, including the Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance.
|13 DEC, 1933||Born in Bordeaux, France.|
|1950 - 1953||Boulle School of designs, Paris.
First Prize, competition for Sculpture in wood.
|1953||"Chambre Syndicale de la Carrosserie",coachbuilders association. Full size drawings.|
|1953 - 1954||Assistant to designer Philippe Charbonneaux.
The Pegaso coupé publicity show vehicle.
Presidential limousine project - Citroën.
|1954 - 1957||Military Service in Germany, aerial division.
Fatalistic encounter with Daimler-Benz.
|1957 - 1967||Chief of advanced design studios at Mercedes-Benz in Sindelfingen, Germany.
Participation in the design of the Mercedes 230 SL Pagode, 220 S Coupé, 250, 600, 220 D.
Design Research on coachbuilders "Wankel motor" projects.
Illustrations for Mercedes catalogues and several coachbuilders patents.
|1967 - 1970||Return to France to work at Brissonau & Lotz.
Participation in the creation of the TGV for the French Railway Company.
Design prototype BMW based on 1600 T.I.
Design study for a coupé based on the SIMCA 1100.
|1970 - 1974||Appointed Director at BMW in Munich, Germany.
Design Direction of the 520 - 2002 Turbo - 320 - Coupé 630 - 7 Series - 2 BMW Turbo concept cars as well as many projects for Coupés and Sedans 12 cylinders which were pre-empted by the oil crisis.
The BMW Turbo prototype was elected as The Concept-Car Of The Year 1973 by the "Revue Automobile Suisse" and in 1992, won in the same category "Bagatelle Concours d'Elegance".
|1974 - 1996||Returned to France - Chief of interior design at Peugeot for the 305, 505, 205, 405, 106, 406 and 206.
Personal transport for the Pope.
Interiors of Concept-cars such as Quasar, Proxima and Oxia.
Many international conferences on the subject of the art of coachbuilding in France, Finland, Germany, Austria, Italy and in the U.S.A.
Member of the Automotive Fine Art Society (A.F.A.S.)
|AUG, 1989||First prize in oil painting at the A.F.A.S. concourse (Concors d'Elegance) in Pebble Beach, California.
Was honored "Chevalier National de l'ordre de mérite", affirmation of cultural standing.
|Spring 1991 - Present||Introduced on a Japanese automotive magazine called "SUPER Car Graphic" as the most succeed automotive artist.
Re-introduced in Europe by the millenium special issue of an Italian famous authoritative magazine for automotive design called "Auto & Design".
Paul is vigorously continuing his art works for numerous collectors around the world.
Mecedes 220S coupé
Mecedes 250 and 220D
Mecedes W115 – all of the '60s and '70s
TGV high-speed passenger train (led by Jacques Cooper)
BMW 1973 "Turbo" concept car
I am not a natural flatterer, I like to think that I "tell it like it is", politely I hope. So when I tell you that I am very impressed by the contents of your website, it is just not English politeness. I of course love the subject matter but you deal with it in an energetic and respectful manner. I am overwhelmed by the research that has gone into compiling the list of coachbuilders/bodybuilders for Europe and North America. I have never heard of the vast majority of them.
Congratulations on an excellent website.
- N. Maltby of Car Scene International
We use Coachbuild.com almost daily as our main reference source!
- Schloss Dyck Classic Days
We use Coachbuild.com all the time for references!
- Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance
We are very impressed by your website!
- Bicester Heritage UK
We have 11655 visitors online
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In late November, a college senior at Brigham Young University named Nick Walton published a short fable called My Musical Troupe of Orcs Uses Music to Advance Orc Rights. In the story, written in the second person, you are a goblin. I am a goblin! you say proudly. And Im glad to be one. Also, youre with an orc captain. Well then, congratulations, says the orc captain. Well let you live.
Over the course of a few hundred words, some big things happen: You ask if you can join the orc band. They take you on as a drummer. You teach them how to play the flute. They like the flute so much they make you their leader. You and your band of flute-playing orcs give a concert at a festival, then you get to play for the Emperor. You write award-winning plays about your time with the orcs and become famous. Then you join a group called the Human-Orc Friendship Association (HOOFA), and start a chapter. But a war breaks out between humans and orcs. You campaign for peace. You try to mediate the battle with a music duel between orcs and humans. It doesn't really work. Somewhat abruptly, the story ends.
That text wasnt written by Walton, but by an online game he designed called AI Dungeon. The most recent version of it, released Dec. 5, got so much trafficnearly 100,000 visitors over three daysthe website crashed several times and wound up temporarily suspended because the operation costs skyrocketed from overuse. In the game, which will return as a subscription-based app this week, the player can choose a type of story (fantasy, mystery, zombie, apocalypse, custom), a rank (noble, squire, knight, peasant, ranger, rogue), and any name (i.e. Paul, Dan Nainan, Pete Buttigiegs campaign spokeswoman Lis Smith). The program will generate a premise and from there, the user can input any action (pet the cat, eat a sandwich, force a worker who didnt go to college to pay for a CEOs kid to go to Kansas State). The AI then builds out a world based on those instructions.
But unlike a normal video game, where the range of play is predetermined by the designers, AI Dungeoncan tell an infinitely variable story. Its a blank slate where users might do anything from say, drink a melted knife, challenge Satan to a cage matchor open a can of beans, eat one whole, and enjoy the salty taste and warmth from the bean.
The seed of Waltons game dates back to earlier this year, when his family started a Dungeons and Dragons group. In the decades-old role-playing game, each participant creates a character, decides on specific actions, and enacts an adventure, narrated by a designated omniscient figure called the Dungeon Master. Walton had been a casual gamer, primarily interested in open world games like Skyrim, where players can explore the game freely rather than follow a structured plot. But D&D, thanks to the still-analog tool of imagination, took that freedom to a greater extreme, where he and his brothers could buy into any given story, so long as they could think it up. You can do anything, Walton said in an interview with The Daily Beast, that you can describe with language.
Around the same time Walton started slaying dragons and saving princesses, Open AI, a nonprofit research lab in San Francisco dedicated to developing publicly available artificial general intelligence, released something called the GPT-2 Model. Its a language generator, trained on massive swaths of internet text, that can look at a given sample of writing and predict the next word based on what came before. Walton began tinkering with the program. He wanted to create an AI that behaved like a D&D Dungeon Master, inventing endless scenarios that went beyond those of standard gamessomething that approximated, in other words, regular human storytelling.
When Walton debuted the first version, AI Dungeon Classic, in May, it was not quite what he had envisioned. OpenAI, out of concern that GPT-2 would be used for malicious purposes like fake news generation, had released a reduced version of their program. As a result, Waltons game still had pre-generated options and the stories often sounded distinctly robotic. Still, the first iteration of AI Dungeon made some waves. The BYU student estimates that several thousand people played the first month.
The new version is much more advanced. Based on the latest GPT-2 model, released in November, the AI draws from a data set between ten and 20 times bigger than the initial version. Walton also fine tuned the program, meaning he trained it on a specific kind of text to improve understanding of a particular genre. If you wanted to teach an AI to write iambic pentameter, for example, you might fine tune it on a sampling of Shakespeare. Walton trained his on ChooseYourStory, a website of user-written, Choose Your Own Adventure-style games. The GPT-2 Model, Walton said, though it had given his program a comprehensive understanding of the English language, hadn't taught much in the way of narrative arc, or how to describe a room, or writing in the second person.
AI Dungeon isnt the only attempt at writing from the GPT-2 Model. Last year, journalist Janelle Shane trained an earlier GPT to generate prompts for novels; in September, a neuroscience Ph.D. named Nathan Whitmore released a game called GPT-2 Adventure with a premise similar to AI Dungeon; and around the same time Walton released his classic version, engineer Adam King built TalktoTransformer, a website where visitors provide a sample of text and the AI finishes the story. Entering the cat walked down, for example, yielded:
The cat walked down the hallway. Here I go, she said. You can come in. I know you have tea. Carrying a cup of tea in one hand and her soda in the other, Jane filled a forkful into her mouth. It had been a perfect night, both in taste and smell, and now was something Jane had never experienced before. She had always known Jane would break up with him, and the frustration that, for the first time, she felt was just a bit calmer than she had imagined. Her eyes closed.
But where Shane and Kings programs stop after a single entry, Waltons continues into an exchange between player and AI, as the former enters actions, and the latter imagines what they might mean. And where GPT-2 Adventure produced nonsensical, overtly abstract plot lines, Waltons game hews closer to human language. The texts that emerge from AI Dungeon still range in sophistication. Some read like flash fiction or fables; others like a Mad Libs filled out by perverted teens. But theres a mystifyingly consistent voice, built out of simple sentences, a recognizably online sense of humor, and a capacity to slip into grim, hilarious, or bluntly surreal terrain.
Theres something depressing about language generation when it works wella machine tapping into one of the few things that feel uniquely human, producing not just speech, but story, character, and jokes. At the very least, theres something sad about the idea of digitizing Dungeons and Dragons, the long holdout of analog games, whose one advantage over the others was its unlimited potential. But Waltons game is not exactly an emblem of AI maximalism. Its a tight, specific exercise of vaguely unhinged world-building, which alternately yields gorgeous non sequiturs, dorky philosophical ruminations, and occasionally poignant insights into how the digital world works.
In one of Waltons favorite stories, the AI achieved all three. It referenced a command in the operating system Linux, where, if you type the phrase cat followed by the name of any given file, it displays the contents of that file. In this particular AI Dungeonscenario, a player typed cat universe source codeasking the AI, more or less, to lay bare the inner workings of the time-space continuum.
You open up the file and read the code, the artificial Dungeon Master responded, and then you realize that the universe was a cat.
The player wrote back: Delete source code. That's when the game cut short. You delete the file and everything about it disappears, the AI said. You die. Game over.
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Notes by Kjell Aleklett, president of ASPO
At the gas station, you might think that the prize of gas is too high. As a producer in the Middle East, you might have another opinion. In February last year Saudi Aramco, the largest oil company in the world, started to discuss production using the term Maximum Sustainable Capacity, MSC.
If the production capacity is increased by 2 million barrels per day from 10 to 12 million barrels per day, Saudi Aramco thinks that they can have a sustainable capacity in 17 years. Then they need to find new reserves replacement. If the country with the largest reported reserves can have MSC for just 17 years, what about the rest of the world?
In September 2004 I was invited to Abu Dhabi and the conference The Gulf Oil and Gas Sector Potential and Constrain, and I was also allowed to visit the great oilfield Bab.
When I discussed the production with the field manager Abdulla M. Al-Malood (second from the left), he also used the term Maximum Sustainable Capacity. The production they have today can be kept for more the 20 years. In the discussion at the conference, several persons stood up and claimed that the oil-producing countries in the Middle East have to think of the coming generations. The only major source of income is from oil and gas.
With this as a background it is interesting to read the following article by Amir Taheri in Arab News:
OPEC, Oil and a Paradox
by Amir Taheri
Within the next few weeks, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) will be holding its pre-summer session to decide new production levels for the rest of the year. Already under pressure to pump an additional 1.5 million barrel into the market each day, the organization may well decide to make such a commitment in the hope of easing the current prices.
Such a move, however, could produce the opposite effect. Here is why. First, OPEC, although no longer the key player it once was in the global oil market, is still the only producer with a significant and easily tapped reserve capacity. In a sense, Saudi Arabia’s extra million or so barrels of excess capacity provides the safety wheel for the global energy market.
Once that last card is played, the supply side of the market would reach its outer limits while demand is certain to rise. Knowing that there will be no more readily available excess capacity, all major industrial nations, helped by the big oil companies not to mention speculators, will try to build up their stocks thus rising demand and pushing prices even higher. In other words, the Saudi excess capacity should always be kept as a reserve card, a kind of Damocles sword, to be shown but not to be used. Its role should be psychological, telling the speculators that they could burn their fingers while reassuring genuine consumers that they will not run out of crude.
OPEC ministers would have to ponder another paradox.
They should consider the possibility that oil is so much in demand precisely because, compared to other sources of energy, it is still too cheap. By increasing production, therefore, they would be making sure that oil remains cheap, or becomes cheaper thus in turn further boosting the demand and creating a vicious circle.
A quick look at some figures may illustrate the conundrum. Global oil production in the year 2000 was 65 million barrels a day, rising to almost 67 million b/ds two years later. Last year it reached almost 70 million barrels a day and projections for the current year show a figure of 73 million b/ds.
Fears that the war in Iraq and terrorist operations in other oil-exporting nations would reduce production have not been borne out. Nor has OPEC carried out its numerous threats to cut or at least stabilize production.
Nor is there evidence that the oil companies, which have been making record profits, have engaged in any hoarding operations. If anything some companies, notably Shell, have hyped the size of available reserves to boost their share prices.
There is also no evidence that a series of strikes in the oil industries of Venezuela and Nigeria last year may have had any lasting impact on price levels.
Unable to blame either OPEC or the oil giants for high prices, some professional doomsters have pointed the finger at the American consumer who is supposedly driving oil prices up by buying gas-guzzling SUVs. But the fact is that US demand for oil has risen by just over 700,000 barrels a day in the past four years, which means a relative decline, compared to its overall economic growth.
Others point the finger of blame at China that happens to be the flavor of the season as the latest economic success story. But Chinas oil consumption has risen by almost 1.5 million barrels a day since 2002.
Although this is twice higher than the increase in the American consumption, it is still not big enough to drive the price from $20 in the year 2000 to almost £60 this year.
The mystery deepens when we remember that the average growth rate in the global economy, much of its due to China and a few other Asian tigers plus the US, stands at around just five percent since 2002. And that certainly cannot warrant a tripling of crude oil prices.
But what if oil is so much in demand because it is relatively so cheap?
The suggestion may sound outlandish to the European or American driver who has to lay more for a full tank. But leaving aside the fact that the lions share in the price of petrol at the pump goes to government taxes, and not the price of crude or refining, the overall cost for the consumer is still lower than ever.
Let’s leave the Chinese consumer aside for the time being.
Today, regarding per capita disposable income, the average Western consumer is paying some 50 percent of what he was paying for oil in 1955. Even compared to the two big oil shocks of 1972 and 1981 the average consumer is paying 88% and 60% respectively of what he paid then. The reason is that the average citizen in the member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, that is to say, the world’s richest nations, is almost three times richer in real terms than in 1955 and half time again richer since 1981.
The Chinese case is even more interesting. The average Chinese per capita income in real terms is now almost twice what it was in 1981. Thus about his real income, the average Chinese is paying less for this oil than ever.
What all this means is that cheap oil remains as much as a factor of growth in the global economy as it did in the golden days of the last century when the first truly industrial powers emerged in Western Europe, North America, and Japan.
The persistence of cheap oil is, in a sense, in line with the tendency of the capitalist system over the long term to reduce the price of consumer goods thus enabling new classes of consumers to emerge from among the lower income categories. The capitalist system operates like a bicycle: You keep going as long as you keep pedaling. In economic terms, it means a constant quest for new consumers and markets.
The Marxist claim was that capitalism plunders the world, making more and more peoples poorer. While this may be true in the short term and for particular capitalist entrepreneurs, in the long term and the case of capitalism as a system, the opposite is true. As a system capitalism is constantly looking for new consumers with a rising purchasing power to buy more goods and services.
The paradox that the OPEC ministers will have to ponder is this: How come that oil, while the essential ingredient in the magic mix that has made so many nations wealthy, has not produced the same results for those countries that export it?
Except for Norway, which is a particular case, all the five leading exporters of oil are today poorer in real terms than they were 20 years ago.
The conclusion must be that those who buy oil get rich and those who sell it do not.
To be sure, oil exporters look, and in a sense are, rich regarding large amounts of cash at their disposal. But they do not become wealthy, in the sense that the traditional capitalist nations are. A quarter of a century ago OPEC countries represented almost five percent of the global market for goods and services in real terms; Today their share is closer to 3% and declining.
Those who are calling for a cut in oil prices are, in fact, asking the relatively poor, that is to say, oil exporters, to offer even larger subsidies to the relatively rich, that is to say, oil importers. And that, from a long-term capitalist prospect, is a poor strategy.
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Prunes gain space in Chilean export portfolio
Chile's prune export values have taken a leap in recent times, putting the product on par with its fresh plum counterpart, according to a report released by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
Figures from Chile's Office of Agricultural Studies and Policy (ODEPA) show the country shipped 59,966 metric tons (MT) in 2011, representing growth of 30%.
These exports were worth US$112.3 million and reached 74 countries.
Production is expected to grow by 20% year-on-year to hit a record level of 78,000MT in 2012, while the industry is forecasting a volume of 90,000MT in 2015.
The USDA report said that as 98% of Chilean prunes are sent abroad, the remaining 2% was not sufficient to generate significant domestic demand. This meant that in the medium term, production would exceed consumption and therefore the industry would need to look for ways to raise local interest.
The report highlighted it was expected export markets would grow, with China alone set to raise its prune demand by 130,000MT in the coming years.
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America’s war on cancer is about to get another tool in its arsenal. The country’s first carbon ion therapy center to treat cancer is being built in collaboration with Hitachi on the campus of the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida. The cancer therapy treatment will be part of Mayo’s $233 million oncology facility, announced in June.
An alternative to surgery, this new treatment is viewed as the next horizon of cancer care. It has the capability of killing cancer cells that are resistant to traditional radiation therapy. Yet the U.S. has been slow to adopt the treatment even though the technology was developed in California in 1975.
According to experts, carbon ion therapy damages the DNA of fast-growing cancer cells, ultimately destroying them. But unlike older forms of radiation, this technique causes minimal harm to normal tissue. Studies also suggest it triggers an immune response against cancer.
Dr. Steven Buskirk, chair of the department of radiation oncology at Mayo Clinic in Florida, says, “the availability of carbon ion technology will allow Mayo Clinic researchers to evaluate the efficacy of carbon ion therapy for the treatment of various cancer types, including exploration into new and expanded therapies, including multi-modality treatment options.”
“Some cancers are inherently resistant to conventional radiation, and we wish to initially evaluate the efficacy of carbon ion therapy in these cancers,” he explains.
The plan is to put together a national Scientific Advisory Board composed of doctors and scientists from the U.S. and abroad to study the efficacy and safety of the treatment and secure FDA approval so the treatment can be offered in 2025, says Dr. Kent Thielen, CEO of the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville. He notes that his institution is a leading National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center, and Mayo Clinic radiation oncologists and physicists have been studying carbon ion treatment in Asia and Europe for nearly a decade. Mayo already has developed a high level of expertise in treatment planning and delivery.
Mayo Clinic’s Jacksonville oncology center will also include proton beam therapy for cancer patients so it can offer the full spectrum of treatment options.
Other countries have been quick to adopt carbon ion therapy over the last 25 years. Japan built the world’s first ion carbon therapy center in 1994 after the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, the U.S. lab that developed it, shut down in 1993. Today there are such centers in Germany, Austria, Italy, Japan and China. More locations are under development in South Korea, Taiwan and France.
A new frontier in medical science
America has lagged because it has been difficult to obtain federal funds or sufficient private backing to develop such facilities. “The lack of scientific research and scientific efficacy has also been a factor,” says Dr. Jeffrey Buchsbaum, program director of the radiation research program at the National Cancer Institute.
What has flourished instead is a related approach called proton therapy, which also uses charged particles and has some of the same benefits. Today 31 U.S. proton centers offer treatment for cancers in areas where radiation damage to surrounding normal tissue could be dangerous or even deadly, such as tumors at the base of the skull or tumors in young children.
Carbon ion therapy is similarly precise, but because carbon ions are heavier and 12 times the size, they deliver more cancer-killing power than protons do, many experts say. Carbon centers have reported impressive survival rates, particularly for hard-to-treat bone and soft-tissue cancers such as spinal tumors.
The therapy involves accelerating carbon ions to near the speed of light, then “painting” a tumor with the radiation beam. Accelerated particles deliver their energy in a sort of delayed burst called a Bragg peak, so that very little damage occurs to normal tissue as the beam enters the body in a thin stream at a high velocity, and the killing power is concentrated on the tumor, where the particle track stops. (Traditional radiation damages tissue as the beam enters and exits the body, although radiologists use techniques to minimize the damage.)
The next step is to do the clinical studies to see where carbon ion therapy is appropriate to use. Toward that goal the National Cancer Institute is funding grants to uncover the properties of the ionized particle. This is key, since the particle beams produce different biological changes at different doses.
“Our focus is to develop the best and safe treatment based on science,” says Dr. Buchsbaum. “Carbon ion is a complex therapy that needs further study. There remain a lot of unknowns.” As he explains, it is just one of a number of particle therapies under investigation for the treatment of cancer. Others include protrons, helium and antiprotons.
Clearly, the interest in the field is gearing up in the U.S. The Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York has collaborated with the Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center in China to conduct a Phase 1 trial of carbon ion therapy to treat pancreatic cancer.
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Thesis Statement On Definition Essay On Hero Free Essays.
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The dictionary definition of a hero is, “a person who is admired or idealized for courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities.” Several traits go into being a hero, most basic ones being that they could be helpful, kind, intelligent, independent, or honest. However the most important traits that can be for an everyday person is that they are human, have morals, and they are very.
Summing up this heroism definition essay, we may conclude that great courage is a much broader concept than it is commonly believed. A human being capable of feat, danger and self-sacrifice for the sake of the rest of people is a real brave man, regardless of the scope of the activity. Examples of great courage may be found not only in books, but also in the realities of modern times.
A definition of a hero to an old grandparent is different to that of a teen member of a gang. Each one of them have diverse perspective about life and what a heroic deed entails. A hero can be as a result of one or more heroic deeds that leaves a lasting impression to the society. Paradoxically, some heroic deeds in one community can be overlooked and cannot warrant the label of a hero in.
A definition essay is more than a simple definition in the dictionary. Also it may be called an extended definition essay. It is the profound research of a particular term and cannot be defined in one sentence. This kind of essay requires the students to pick a term that cannot be similarly described by several persons. For example, people are more likely to agree with a definition of “cat.
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Photo by David Blaine/FlickrCC
The Guardian's Mike Davis says Mexican swine flu is "a genetic chimera probably conceived in the faecal mire of an industrial pigsty." No wonder the pork industry is so upset about the bad publicity caused by swine flu. Their solution to this problem? Call it something else. This worked and the official name of the disease is now Influenza A (H1N1). No direct evidence, it seems, links pork CAFOs (confined animal feeding operations) to this particular strain of H1N1 to human influenza. Of course there is no direct evidence. Nobody has been looking for it.
But now Canada has found some pigs sick with H1N1 at a farm in Alberta. Oops again. The World Health Organization (WHO) thinks the pigs caught the disease from a farm worker who had traveled to Mexico. WHO reports nearly 900 cases worldwide. As for the U.S., the New York Times has a nifty map of where the cases have been found.
In 2003, Science magazine noted that the classic swine flu virus, H1N1, was mutating rapidly, suggesting that neither pigs nor people could remain immune.
Scientists have been worrying about transmission of swine flu to people for some time. In 2003, Science magazine noted that the classic swine flu virus, H1N1, was mutating rapidly, suggesting that neither pigs nor people could remain immune to it. And nobody was doing any surveillance for swine flu. The Institute of Medicine, also worried, published major reports on the threat, prevention, and treatment of pandemic flu.
These days, the CDC is monitoring the situation and reports the U.S. case count is up to 226 (as of May 3). The CDC also reports international cases and describes specific cases in California and Texas. And, it notes, the virus is becoming increasingly resistant to antiviral drugs. But not to worry. It doesn't look H1N1 will turn out to be a big worldwide pandemic like the deadly one in 1918. At least not this time.
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Designing a new course in and beyond COVID-19 times
PBL course design is a recurring topic in academic literature, but also in staff development. This concerns, for instance, applying general PBL principles to assignment design, but also the need for varying assignments. The design process is always limited by variables such as available resources and place in the curriculum and. These past twelve months the pandemic created more limitations, but also opportunities to move beyond more traditional course design.
The BA European Studies is currently going through a revision of its curriculum. One of the new courses concerns a new skills training course that revolves around training students in writing what Booth and colleagues call “research problems” (consisting of a topic, a research question, and their relevance). Working with Research Problems includes components from previous BA skills courses, but also introduces new topics. The course takes place in period 2 of the first year.
From the start, I wanted to design a course that included both synchronous and asynchronous elements – which actually allows the course to be taught on-campus and online. There are lectures and tutorials, as in a regular course. Lectures are 60-75 minutes long, with most of them accompanied by videos, for instance on interdisciplinarity, concepts and methods. The tutorials last one hour and focus on the post-discussion, with students being responsible for arranging their own pre-discussions.
Coherence was created through a linear, weekly structure, which has for instance also been used in Kirsop-Tayler and colleagues’ course on political ecology. In addition, I recorded a weekly podcast to introduce each week’s topic, which also included contributions by colleagues Pablo Del Hierro and John Harbord, and BA ES alumna Mareike Müller. Adding audiovisual material to the course helps to cater for different learning styles, but also builds on work that stresses that using a variety of material makes for a richer learning experience.
Time to reflect
Last week I handed in the grades from December’s first sit. With 75% of the final research proposals having received a passing grade, overall the course seems to have prepared students well for writing their first piece of research. Lecture attendance hovered around 190 students per lecture, with students asking interesting and important questions. The audiovisual material was also widely watched and listened to, with podcast episodes and videos having on average been played around 200 times each.
But not everything went as planned. In addition to some smaller intended changes, there are a couple of things that I particularly want to address.
- During spring and summer 2020 I’ve had some great experience with combining videos with shorter lectures. But the one-hour opening lecture was a mistake. This lecture came without a video, but with a podcast. While lots of course characteristics featured in this podcast, the lecture didn’t pay enough attention to outlining those characteristics. This resulted in quite a number of questions during week one that I could have easily avoided. So next year, I will pay more attention to outlining the course during the opening lecture.
- A related problem concerned the presentation of information. Following my Canvas training, and the advice given there, I decided to split up the course manual in a separate shorter syllabus with course background, accompanied by assignments and hands-on tasks that I placed in weekly Canvas ‘modules’. The result was, quite frankly, that information was more scattered than I had intended it to be, leading to a sense of information overload. So, next year I’ll go back to having a syllabus that will combine all key documents. This worked much better in the past.
- A final problem concerned the idea to have students do their own pre-discussion. This was partly based on BA revision efforts to enhance PBL training for students and design an accompanying learning line. What I had under-(or over-?) estimated, was the nature of PBL training provided in the run up to period 2, which, partly for obvious reasons (#COVID-19), was more limited than I had anticipated it to be. One student even told me that they had very few discussions in their previous courses, which did not help them in feeling comfortable to discuss research now.
Interestingly, when I decided half-way through the course to include learning objectives in the podcast and to no longer ask students to do their own pre-discussion, quite some groups decided to go ahead anyways. Sometimes because it allowed them to meet more regularly – which is as good a reason as any. I have great confidence in our students and believe that they can do this – emphasising the intended self-directed nature of PBL. But to make this work, I plan to include a pre-discussion training in the first week of next year’s course.
Work in progress!
PS A follow-up blog with data on student performance is available via Active Learning and Political Science.
About the author
Patrick Bijsmans is Associate Professor in Teaching and Learning European Studies and faculty coordinator for Continuous Professional Development. While he tries to make most of the current opportunities to innovate, he misses the energy he gets from on-campus teaching and can’t wait to enter a classroom or a lecture hall with 250 students again.
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They came to toast the dead, who would run no more.
A small group of Americans gathered in the gutter outside Ernest Hemingway’s now-shuttered drinking hangout, Casa Marceliano. They were toasting three compatriots who would not be returning to Pamplona, Spain, to run with the bulls—or drink afterwards.
They’d been drawn to the city for the festival of San Fermin, a two-week celebration of bullfights, parades, music and a lot of drinking, immortalized in Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises. His 1926 novel brought the world to Pamplona’s doorstep and transformed a sleepy local fiesta into an international bucket-list destination.
Hemingway first visited the town in 1923, but left it behind in 1959, lamenting the way it had changed because of the crowds his book had brought.
The American who organized the morning toast, war photographer Jim Hollander, felt somewhat the same about the evolution of the festival over the 48 years he’s attended—but he has only himself to blame.
Hollander’s groundbreaking pictures of the bull run in the 1970s drew other international news outlets—as did his book, Run To The Sun—Pamplona's Fiesta de San Fermin, chronicling his photos of the fiesta from 1977 to 2002.
Hollander, 66, said his photos of a 1978 Basque riot at the fiesta landed him a job at wire services UPI and then Reuters, and he kept photographing Pamplona in between global conflicts. Other outlets started taking notice.
“They said, Hollander is covering San Fermin like a Super Bowl, like a story? Why are we letting just Reuters cover it?” he said, remembering how he went from being the only foreign photographer to one of dozens who descend on the annual event. He now photographs it for the European PressPhoto Agency.
The city of Pamplona declared Hollander “foreigner of the year” this year, honoring him at a lavish cocktail party and lunch at the Hotel Europa for the fame he’d brought them with his decades spent photographing the encierro—as the running of the bulls is called.
His work and the resulting international news coverage by other outlets arguably drew even more attention than Hemingway’s book had. While it attracted a great new crop of runners, and money for the city of Pamplona, it also created a bit of a monster.
Tens of thousands of tourists now seek to run with the bulls, changing the event from a sort of local fair to more of a rave, with sexual assaults against drunken revelers a growing problem, and the city’s cobblestone streets turned grimy with a sickening muck of spilled alcohol and worse that takes an army of garbage men to power wash away each morning.
The daily run itself has grown from a few hundred runners to up to 4,000 on the half-kilometer-long course. It was once a balletic test of speed, with local Basque runners and a few brave foreigners guiding the bulls from the paddock to the bullring through the narrow streets, using their bodies like human capes.
Now, especially on the weekend during the eight days of runs, it’s turned into a seething stampede of panicked humanity that ends up injuring a lot more runners than the bulls actually do. Spilled blood on the running route gets covered by sawdust and eventually ground underfoot.
Only 16 runners have been killed since the encierro’s start in the 500-year-old-plus event since they started counting in the early 1900s, but every year, dozens are injured and only the more severe injuries get recorded. (The city provides medical services free for Europeans, but charges foreigners, who often skip the hospital and town without paying the bills.)
So it was fitting for this small band of Americans to kick off San Fermines 2016 as the locals do, with a mass for three longtime attendees who’d died in the past year, claimed not by bull’s horns but by age—the starkest reminder of changing times.
The priest eulogized the last of the runners from Hemingway’s era—Noel Chandler, David Pierce and Hollander’s artist father, Gino, who had brought his son Jim to the festival as a teenager.
“We used to be the young guns,” Hollander said of his surviving compadres. “Now we are the old farts.”
The three fallen revelers probably would have gotten a kick out of the fact that a recently deceased nun was also being remembered at the mass, for entirely different services to the community.
Noel Chandler had been famous for his generous hosting skills, especially his annual champagne party at his apartment overlooking the run course to kick off the festival—open to all who walked through his door.
David Pierce was known to everyone in Pamplona as “Big Dave,” a 6-foot-plus Jewish Canadian who lived in Paris after World War II and called himself a “celebrated author,” for his LA-based detective novels. An infamous jokester, he would get dressed up in a matador outfit and floppy shoes, and walk up to tourists saying, “Donde esta la Plaza del Toros?” aka “Where is the bullring?”
“Everybody knew him,” Hollander said.
Hollander’s father, Gino, was famous for his charity, giving his paintings away even to those who couldn’t afford them.
“He thought anyone should be able to enjoy his art,” his son said.
The padre might as well have been eulogizing the loss of the simpler, less crazed celebration that still focused more on the saint, San Fermin, and a gathering of good friends over fine adult beverages, rather than on the chugging of the ubiquitous plastic bottles of pre-mixed sangria with a crush of strangers.
The morning after the mass, a couple dozen mostly Americans gathered for an homenaje or homage to Gino Hollander and absent friends. The crew raised a glass in the gutter of the street outside Casa Marceliano, moving the party to the sidewalk when the occasional police car or trash truck drove by at a respectfully slow pace.
“My dad, Gino Hollander, was a very incredible person, a wonderful artist, a lover of Spain, a lover of Pamplona, who brought me here when I was 13,” said his son, choking up at the memory during this, his 48th own fiesta.
“His motto in life was ‘Go out and get it,’” he said. “And 100 percent of the people in this street live their life that way.”
It was an eclectic gathering of old-timers and a new generation of Americans, and a few other international interlopers, all clad in the traditional white clothes with red sash and red neckerchief. The older members of the group had actually lived in the upper rooms of Casa Marceliano until the city took over the building and turned it into offices.
Making drinks was 30-year-old Ivy Mix, cocktail maestra of Leyenda Brooklyn Cocteleria and 2015 American bartender of the year. She’s been attending the fiesta since 2008. At Hollander’s request, she had created their traditional drink, “Yellow Shit,” in this case, comprised of orange juice, gin, turmeric and other more secret ingredients.
“I figured we needed the turmeric for cleansing,” for the days of drinking to come, she said of the concoction.
Standing next to Hollander was American Deirdre Carney, who raised a toast of “Yellow Shit” to the three men, all compatriots of her father, Matt, who passed away in 1988. Her father was a World War II Marine who lived in Paris after the war. He’d met Hemingway in Pamplona in the 1950s. According to novelist and Pamplona regular James Michener, in his book Iberia, the two men promptly got into as a fistfight. His daughter says it was simply an “altercation.”
On Carney’s deathbed in Ireland, he wrote a letter to Pamplona, thanking the city for its kindness and beauty.
Daughter Deidre still comes to the festival every year, one of the few women who runs with the bulls. Her brother Allen also makes the occasional appearance to run. Deirdre Carney is representative of the new generation of American festival-goers in her bohemian uniqueness—a sometime schoolteacher and aspiring writer who hopes to spend the coming year bartending in Antarctica.
The homenaje ended with a toast of the obnoxiously named yellow brew to Gino Hollander, by his son Jim. That final toast just might have included sprinkling the elder Hollander’s ashes out of an Italian coffee can at the base of a tree across from Casa Marceliano.
That may or may not be illegal, but nearby police did not intervene. In Pamplona, this sort of act tends to be embraced by locals, who appreciate the foreigners who love their city as much as they do.
Then it was on to the siesta—the nap that becomes a matter of survival a few days in to the fiesta—to rest before that night’s bullfight, followed by a drink at 9 pm outside Mafia’s near the ring, then an evening’s repast at 10pm, then to bed by approximately 1am and a brief nap before waking for next day’s race.
At 4 am, workers install heavy wooden fences all along the route, some covered in heavy steel to take the impact of skidding bulls and scrambling crowds at sharp corners. Watchers of the event have to stake out the few spaces where it’s possible to see the bulls pass at least three hours before the race, when the streets are still dark.
The runners have to get onto the course before the police shut it off at 7:30 am for the 8 am start. They spread themselves throughout the course depending on their skill level. Anyone visibly drunk or carrying a bag or a cellphone is kicked out.
The runners sing three times to the saint, San Fermin, represented by a statue tucked in the alcove of a stone wall near the start of the race.
They ask to survive what’s coming.
When the bulls are released at 8 am sharp, the runners take off ahead of them, trying to pick up speed to match the bulls’ average of 15 miles per hour.
The experienced runners know which way the bulls are coming from, and when to dive for cover when the bulls get too close. The beginners? Not so much.
“As I’ve gotten more experienced at running, I’ve noticed more and more how unexperienced and mad all the tourists are,” said Briton Alexander Fiske-Harrison, a relative newcomer to the festival, first partaking in 2009. He quickly won the respect and a place in the American group, because he’d trained as a bullfighter and written the well-received book Into The Arena: The World of the Spanish Bullfight.
“He’s actually killed a bull,” Hollander said, with a rare touch of awe for a photographer who has spent decades in combat zones.
The Oxford-educated Brit also won their respect by taking their advice and starting small, first practicing in other runs in smaller Spanish towns. He now runs the Pamplona race in his tattered red-and-white Eton College jacket, when he can overcome the unease that grows with each passing year over the number of tourists now clogging the course.
“The people who stand there and say ‘Which direction do the bulls come from?’ Things like that now scare me,” Fiske-Harrison explained, over the customary post-run breakfast of fried eggs, Iberian ham and rosé wine, served on a long picnic table on the freshly washed cobblestone streets. “I physically feel fear for them, so I have to move away from them,” he said, taking a swig of wine for comfort.
Hemingway’s own grandson, writer John Patrick Hemingway agreed, as we chatted after another morning run outside another Hemingway hangout, Bar Txoko in the Plaza del Castillo.
“There are tons more people now,” the younger Hemingway said, while sipping the de rigueur post-encierro drink of “Kaiku and cognac.” Kaiku is a Yoohoo-like milk drink that comes in vanilla or chocolate flavor.
“Sometimes there are 2,000 people on the course in one day,” Hemingway said. “So you have more danger of getting knocked down by someone else than you do of the bulls.”
The official Pamplona guide to the encierro states there are 2,000 people mid-week and sometimes 4,000 or more during the weekend runs.
There are few figures available from Hemingway’s era. Little known fact: Hemingway never actually ran with the bulls, according to his grandson.
The younger Hemingway, Fiske-Harrison, Hollander and the other Americans wrote an e-book of their own experiences called Fiesta: How to Survive the Bulls of Pamplona, giving advice to would-be runners. Hollander’s photos line its pages.
One of the longest-serving runners and one of the Fiesta manual’s co-authors, Joe Distler, hands out beermats advertising the e-book. They are emblazoned with a Hollander photo of a charging bull and the words, “This beermat could save your life.”
Distler is over 70 but refuses to give his exact age. Over a full-bodied Rioja at a steakhouse that he wants to keep nameless to hide it from tourists, the native New Yorker said when he started running in 1968, the streets were nearly empty and the bulls visible charging toward him from 40 yards away.
“I used to run in the center of the street very casually and wait for the bulls to come up the street,” said Distler, who is so famous for running the course that even Basques stop him and ask him for selfies.
“You attract its attention and try to pull it along with you as you are running,” Distler said, describing how experienced runners run “on the horns” of the bull, just in front of it and never touching it.
“Now there are so many people, I can’t even see the bulls some mornings,” he griped.
He blames getting gored four times on the crowds, not the bulls.
“With the bulls, I've always felt like part of the herd. Once I run with them, they don’t bother me,” he said. “What distracts the bulls are when people hit them and push you.”
Outside Bar Txoko, another of the American tribe Chicago native Bill Hillman, 34, was sporting abrasions on arms and legs and a massive purpling bruise swelling on the back of one calf. He was rubbing a spot on his skull where he thinks a bull or human kicked him in the head.
He’s been seriously gored twice, in the thigh and the knee, but said it was the crowd’s panicked behavior that drove him to scramble for safety mid-run.
“This year is the first year I’ve ever gotten off the course since I was a beginner because I felt afraid,” said Hillman, who authored Mozos: A Decade Running with the Bulls of Spain.
“It wasn’t because of the bull. I would have loved to have run with that bull,” he said, describing how he sees the run as a way of helping guide the animal up the street. “But the people around me…were acting very erratic, and I couldn’t anticipate their next moves and I started feeling claustrophobic.”
“I can imagine a day when it’s just a massacre and the bull smashes through standing crowds of people,” he said.
One of the course’s most famous runners, Basque Julen Madina, is worried the growing crowds will eventually destroy the event.
“I’m very worried that the encierro is suffering,” he said over champagne at the Europa Hotel, ironically to toast Jim Hollander for his world-famous photographs bringing all those crowds. “I think we need to find a way to control who joins the race,” Madina added with a shake of his head.
Distler said the town had tried. He’d been the only foreigner invited to take part in a Pamplona city conference five years ago, to try to figure out how to limit the numbers on the course—but a lottery might mean longtime runners like him don’t get a spot; a fee to run might drive out poorer Spanish runners; and changing the start time from 8am to earlier in the morning would make it too dark for television to cover. The run, like the bullfights in the evening, are covered wall-to-wall with commentary, slo-mo replays and close-ups just like soccer or baseball.
No one could decide what to do, so the clueless still come in droves.
Fiske-Harrison offered his 30-second advice to tourist greenhorns considering a bucket-list-fulfilling once-in-a-lifetime run.
“Don’t. But if you insist on doing it, learn about it first,” he said emphatically. “Look it up. Read anything. Watch it on YouTube. Understand the chaos you are dealing with.”
And on the day of your run, two more key tips: “If you get hit, stay down,” he said. “And never run all-out. Because if it changes, you need gas in the tank. If a bull turns and you’ve run yourself out, what are you going to do?”
Afterwards, if you’ve avoided being carted off by one of the medical teams that lines the route for bandaging or surgery, go to Bar Txoko. Order a Kaiku and cognac, toast Ernest Hemingway, Jim and Gino Hollander, and absent friends—and start drinking.
Update 9:04 am 7/17: This story has been updated to reflect the bulls run 15 miles per hour, not 24, and the encierro has been run for 500 years, but records of those killed only started to be recorded in the 1900s.
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The Lohner B.II (originally designated Type C) was a military reconnaissance aircraft produced in Austria-Hungary during World War I. It was a development of the pre-war B.I design, incorporating changes requested by the Austro-Hungarian army, but inheriting its predecessor's basic design, including its characteristic swept-back wings. Intended to perform better in the mountainous terrain of the Austrian alps, the Type C featured a longer fuselage, greater wingspan, and strengthened undercarriage. The Type B's Austro-Daimler engine was exchanged for a Heiro with slightly less power but also much lighter. The extended wingspan soon led to problems, however, when the prototype's wings collapsed under stress testing. A second prototype, with strengthened wings, was accepted by the Army in August 1913, and placed an order for another 24 aircraft. Soon after deliveries began, the wings of a Type C failed in flight, and all examples were grounded. Work to strengthen the wing design was carried out under the direction of Professor Richard Knoller but this was not yet complete when war broke out. Six Type Cs were immediately put back into action, with the grounding of the others being lifted shortly afterwards. The design proved too slow and too fragile for operational service, and was quickly reassigned to secondary roles. In February 1915, the Luftschiffabteilung revised its designation system to match that in use by Germany, and the Type C was redesignated B.II. Later the same year, a new and strengthened wing was fitted to all remaining B.IIs, and the B.II (along with the B.I) was put back into production under licence at Flugzeugwerk Fischamend for use as trainers. As the year drew on, the B.III, B.IV, B.V, and B.VI followed, featuring a variety of engines. None were produced in quantity, but the B.III and B.IV were also built by the new Ufag firm that had been established to produce these Lohner designs in Albertfalva in Budapest. Further development eventually resulted in the Lohner B.VII by the end of the year.
- B.II - production version with 63 kW (85 hp) Heiro engine (96 built)
- B.III - version with 75 kW (100 hp) Mercedes, 90 kW (120 hp) Austro-Daimler (Lohner versions) or 75 kW (100 hp) Austro-Daimler (Ufag version) (30 built)
- B.IV - version with revised undercarriage and 75 kW (100 hp) Mercedes engine (9 built, 8 of these by Ufag)
- B.V - version with 100 kW (140 hp) Rapp engine (6 built)
- B.VI - similar to B.V (18 built)
- Crew: Two, pilot and observer
- Length: 8.30 m (27 ft 3 in)
- Wingspan: 13.00 m (42 ft 8 in)
- Height: 3.20 m (10 ft 6 in)
- Wing area: 30.4 m2 (327 ft2)
- Empty weight: 560 kg (1,230 lb)
- Gross weight: 920 kg (2,020 lb)
- Powerplant: 1 × Hiero, 63 kW (85 hp)
- Maximum speed: 125 km/h (78 mph)
- Rate of climb: 2.4 m/s (470 ft/min)
- Murphy 2005, 105
- Gunston 1993, 311
- Grosz, Peter M. (2002). Austro-Hungarian Army Aircraft of World War One. Colorado: Flying Machine Press.
- Gunston, Bill (1993). World Encyclopedia of Aircraft Manufacturers. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
- Murphy, Justin D. (2005). Military Aircraft: Origins to 1918. Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio.
- Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions.
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The art world is feeling Oprah Winfrey's Midas touch.
The billionaire entrepreneur sold a Gustav Klimt painting for $US150 million ($196.3 million) in one of the biggest private art deals of last year, according to a person with knowledge of the transaction.
Winfrey, chief executive officer of the television channel Oprah Winfrey Network, bought Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer II for $US87.9 million in 2006 at Christie's in New York - still an auction record for the Austrian artist. Since then, its value has risen about 71 per cent, making her $US62.1 million ($81.3 million) on the sale.
The work is the second major Klimt that changed hands since the art market started contracting. Russian billionaire Dmitry Rybolovlev sold Water Serpents II (1904-1907) privately for $US170 million in November 2015, according to Sandy Heller, Rybolovlev's art consultant.
Both Klimts went to Asia, where booming wealth has built a growing network of collectors eager to anchor their art holdings with Western masterpieces.
"Klimt is on the list of some people," said Grace Rong Li, who advises Asian collectors on Western modern and contemporary art. The appeal of the artist, known for his golden-hued The Kiss, is both aesthetic and financial, she added.
Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer II, from 1912, depicts a woman in a long, narrow robe and halo-like black hat, standing against an ornate background of mauve and green. The subject, Bloch-Bauer, was the wife of a Jewish industrialist and art patron in Vienna.
In 2014, Winfrey lent the painting anonymously to the Museum of Modern Art for five years, according to the person, who asked not to be identified because the information is confidential. The loan was arranged by entertainment mogul David Geffen, who is Winfrey's friend and a benefactor of the museum, the person said.
Representatives for Winfrey and Geffen declined to comment.
While the Klimt was hanging at MOMA's fifth-floor galleries last year, Winfrey was approached through Geffen by art dealer Larry Gagosian, who had a potential buyer lined up, said the person. Winfrey was willing to let it go for $US150 million, according to the person.
Before she sold the work to an unidentified Chinese buyer during the summer, Winfrey agreed to temporarily lend it to Neue Galerie for the exhibition Klimt and the Women of Vienna's Golden Age, 1900–1918, which ran from September 22 to January 16.
Gagosian's representatives didn't respond to requests for comment.
The canvas was part of a cache looted by the Nazis and famously restituted by the Austrian government to Bloch-Bauer's heirs in 2006. The legal battle over the works inspired Woman in Gold, a 2015 movie starring Helen Mirren.
The trove included two formal portraits of Bloch-Bauer made by Klimt.
The painting Winfrey sold will be featured with its predecessor at Neue Galerie, billionaire Ronald Lauder's private museum in New York, through to July. Lauder paid a reported $US135 million in 2006 for Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I, at the time the highest price for any artwork, and the gold-ground 1907 painting became his museum's crown jewel.
The show has brought a reunion, as both portraits spent decades at the Belvedere Museum in Vienna.
"Adele Bloch-Bauer is the only subject Klimt is known to have portrayed twice - first in the iconic 1907 'golden' portrait, then in 1912 in a very different, exuberantly coloured work," said Scott Gutterman, deputy director of Neue Galerie.
"Seeing the two works side by side allows the viewer to see how Klimt's work changed during this key period in his artistic development."
Fetching latest articles
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Rengo Company Ltd, will install a new biomass boiler for power generation at Tonegawa Division in Japan to promote alternative fuel sources, one of the measures toward CO2 reduction Rengo has stated is an environmental target. With operations scheduled to commence in October 2022, this will be Rengo’s second biomass boiler, following the one in Yashio Mill.
Comprising a paper mill and a folding carton plant, Tonegawa Division is one of Rengo’s core divisions, which produces approximately 350,000 tonnes of paperboard each year and prints and converts lines of folding cartons such as a variety of processed paper and multi-packs.
The new biomass boiler is a power generation facility that utilises materials such as woodchips derived from construction waste in the Tokyo metropolitan area, refuse paper and plastic fuel, and scrap tires as its main fuel source.
Tonegawa Division changed its fuel source from heavy oil to LNG in 2007.
By switching to renewable energy using this biomass boiler, a reduction of approximately 90,000 tons of CO2 emissions is expected each year.
Rengo will continue to promote fuel conversion, particularly in paper mills which emit a lot of CO2, and actively undertake initiatives toward reducing its environmental impact.
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For the first time, Connecticut has police dogs that can sniff out guns.
"Shell casings, rounds, scenes, guns that a trooper themselves would not be able to locate," said Trooper First Class Christine Jeltema.
Today four K9s, two troopers and two officers for the cities of Hartford and Meriden graduated from the Connecticut State Police Academy after a rigorous 11 week training program.
They are the first graduates from this newly created program.
Different than bomb dogs, they’ll be used in places like malls and schools to detect guns on people and inside ordinary items. Having a specially trained dog like this one will give a leg up to officers in cities like Meriden.
"We've had an uptick in shootings this year where we are recovering casings and guns,” said Officer James Decrisantis of the Meriden Police Department. “I know our crime suppression guys have recovered a least a couple dozen firearms this year. That’s a lot for us. So adding this dogs capability our officers it will give us an edge."
Their super scent is better than the human eye.
"Police officers we miss stuff, at least in large area searches,” Decrisantis said. “We could send her into a football field and she'll find casings in pieces of firearms."
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As a global leader in journalism, the Poynter Institute is known for training classes to news postings, ranging in topics for all things journalism, its website said.
According to the website, “it is the world’s leading instructor, innovator, convener and resource for anyone who aspires to engage and inform citizens.”
One of Poynter’s newsletters, The Collective, began publishing on April 28, the website said. A section of the newsletter will be career advice given by the Truth-tellers.
The Truth-tellers is a council made up of three professionals with different backgrounds and experiences in journalism: Leah Donnella, Jan Larson and Corey Rose.
Jan Larson, a professor of journalism and chair of the department of communication and journalism at UW-Eau Claire, has been associated with Poynter in all capacities.
“I worked with Poynter on a fellowship as a graduate student, went back as a professional journalist and now I’m helping out with this new project — (Truth-tellers),” Larson said.
Truth-tellers is a place for journalists of color and allies, Larson said. It seeks to answer those tough questions journalists of color have in their workplace, like institutional racism and bias.
It’s to be used as a resource and guide to let journalists of color know they’re not alone, Larson said.
“Sometimes (journalists of color) are the only one in the newsroom — they don’t have anyone to talk to or compare themselves to,” Larson said. “They may not have a safe space for them to ask the tough questions and know someone who is with them and sees them.”
Leah Donnella, editor of the Code Switch podcast for NPR, said it creates a community space for people to be able to talk about some of the things that affect journalists of color and also ask questions.
“We look at different work scenarios or life scenarios that might have a particular effect on people in those positions,” Donnella said.
The overall goal of the Truth-tellers is to give journalists of color a more specific community space, Donnella said. There are tons of forums and general spaces where journalists can talk about their work, but this space is specifically focused on journalists of color.
Although the advice is geared toward journalists of color, there will be some questions and life lessons that will apply to a broader group of people, Donnella said.
“We wanted to keep it really specific so both the people asking questions and those who are answering the questions know what they’re talking about,” she said. “This way we can get deeper into the issues specific to journalists of color.”
The Truth-tellers are not professional counselors, but they are journalists, Larson said. They want to help people think through their questions about the journalism landscape.
For example, the first question dealt with someone waiting for a promotion for a long period of time, who gave details that prompted the Truth-tellers to advise moving on from that job, Larson said.
“The one thing I love and hate about advice is that usually, when there’s a good question, there’s no easy answer,” Donnella said.
The Truth-tellers are learning along the way, too, Donnella said.
“We’re learning something every time we are thinking through these questions,” she said. “We’re hoping to be challenged by them.”
Going forward, the Truth-tellers will be answering questions submitted through The Collective. To submit a question, go here.
The hope is to get as many journalists of color and allies involved as possible, Donnella said.
“My hope going forward is people will really engage and enjoy the advice,” Donnella said. “Hopefully they will find something useful and then start participating themselves.”
To subscribe to The Collective, go here.
To learn more about each individual Truth-teller, read this article by Doris Truong, the director of training and diversity at Poynter.
Lunderville can be reached at [email protected].
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Published on June 9th, 2021 | by Sunit Nandi0
What Is Genotoxicity Screening?
Genotoxicity screening Is scientific research testing of new chemical compounds to determine their safety. It is widely used by companies such as Gentronix throughout drug development to assess a product’s ability to cause mutations and damage to genetic material and to identify the possibility that these can lead to adverse effects such as cancer.
What is it?
Not all genotoxic substances are mutagenic, yet genotoxicity can lead to direct or indirect effects on the DNA, including aberrant cell division, mutation induction and direct DNA damage. Genotoxins can include radiation and chemical substances, which depending on their impact on organisms, can be carcinogens, mutagens and teratogens, and genotoxicity screening helps to begin identifying any potential liabilities early.
Decisions can then be made early on whether a project should be abandoned, requires further mechanistic testing or could be continued in different conditions (such as more restricted use). With the ability to carry out testing in bacterial, mammalian and yeast cells, genotoxicity screening results can be conducted without using animals.
Why is genotoxicity screening needed?
Testing the potential for adverse effects of new drugs, agricultural chemicals and some food products is necessary to ensure public safety. Genotoxicity testing is also widely used in cosmetic, perfume and personal care industries and now based solely on non-animal data.
Rigorous assay testing allows manufacturers to build a complete picture of a substance’s potential to cause harm. Its genotoxic potential can be identified, and where necessary further testing or investigations can be carried out to identify frameshifts and point mutations.
What can it achieve?
Through Ames testing, mouse lymphoma and in vitro micronucleus studies, regulatory genotoxicity studies enable developers to demonstrate chemical safety and show that regulatory requirements have been addressed. Predictive genotoxicity screening is used early in the research and development phase of drug creation before any final product’s regulatory tests are necessary.
Predictive genotoxicity assays enable accurate, rapid low compound screening for early identification of any issues. Early identification reduces development costs and changes needed to be identified early and provides knowledge about future viability. Some projects that previously faced being discarded can now benefit from further testing to determine at what point or level an issue becomes damaging or critical and provide for a calculated risk or limit to be set to determine acceptable risk.
An early view of toxicological hazard will help identify potential challenges early in the project cycle, allowing for early decisions to be taken on a project’s future.
If the initial genotoxicity testing results show potential issues, it is then possible to carry out further mechanistic testing to assist with managing identified hazards. Understanding the biological relevance of positive results can allow the mechanism of such changes to be identified and a risk assessment based on exposure to be made.
Why a positive doesn’t mean your product should be abandoned
Positive results through genetic toxicology testing no longer always need to signal the end of a project. Understanding the biological relevance of a positive result can, when the toxicological mechanism and mode of action is identified, enable a risk assessment based on exposure to be made. This has seen many projects go to a successful conclusion once levels and exposure risks were identified and removed or accounted for.
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If you are not utilizing team cleaning, your facility may find it beneficial to consider the pros and cons of this approach. Traditionally, zone cleaning has been the norm for cleaning professionals, but team cleaning offers advantages that are hard to ignore.
Zone cleaning means one employee cleans a specific, assigned area. It could be an entire floor, or a section of a building. The individual is responsible for performing all cleaning tasks, from collecting trash, to mopping and sweeping, to vacuuming and restroom cleaning.
With zone cleaning, the employee must be well trained in all functions, and able to work with limited supervision.
Team cleaning, on the other hand, consists of four functions performed systematically by a team. The four functions include Trash Collector, Vacuum and Floor Cleaner, Restroom Cleaner, and Utility or Lead person. The team approach allows each individual to perform a specific task, rather than cleaning an entire area. The team works together to clean the space, with everyone finishing at the same time.
There are pros and cons of team cleaning. To decide whether team cleaning is best for your facility, there are a few important things to consider.
Productivity and Cost Efficiency
In today’s economic climate, cost efficiency is more important than ever. Team cleaning allows for increased productivity at a lower cost. Less equipment is required, as only one vacuum needs to be bought for the team, rather than eight vacuums bought for eight floors in a zone cleaning situation, for example.
With zone cleaning, each janitor needs to have their own cleaning tools and products, which can quickly add up.
Productivity is higher because each of the cleaning professionals specialises in one function. They are trained to work through the facility in the area they have mastered, whether it is vacuuming or trash collecting.
Often with the zone cleaning approach, some tasks are done better than others, so there are highs and lows in quality throughout the building.
Team cleaning allows for the team to self-monitor each other and the cleaning process. After each individual is done with their task, the other members on the team will look over the area to ensure it is properly cleaned. This occurs with each area to help ensure nothing has been missed, and the highest quality service is provided each time.
Competition among employees can lead to a toxic workplace environment, where one cleaning professional feels lesser than another. With zone cleaning, if one employee is finished cleaning their section faster than others, they are sent to help another employee with their area.
This may result in the slower custodian feeling less adequate, and can create conflict between employees. On top of that, since each custodian is cleaning to individual standards, it is more difficult to achieve the same level of cleanliness in all areas.
With team cleaning, the emphasis is on the team rather than the individual. The team is responsible for holding their own standards, which will be applied equally across the facility.
Absenteeism is prevalent among cleaning professionals. In a team cleaning situation, it is easier to find someone to fill in. Since each custodian specialises in a specific task, when a substitute is needed, they are easily replaced. You do not have to question whether the replacement custodian will be able to perform all the cleaning functions.
On top of this, those who work in zone cleaning often become attached to their assigned areas, giving them a sense of ownership. This may mean that they will be less willing to fill in for an absent janitor in another area.
It is easier to oversee team cleaning operations than it is zone cleaning. With team cleaning, supervisors are aware of where each worker should be at any given time of the shift. Zone cleaning is more isolated, so it is harder to know where they are supposed to be at what time.
Since each cleaning professional has their own standards of cleaning, it can cause discretions in the quality of cleanliness, which can go unnoticed if it they are not supervised.
With team cleaning, it is likely that supervisors make rounds with their team. They can see who is most productive and who needs more training. This leads to higher efficiency and productivity among the team.
If something goes wrong, or a customer is not happy with the service, the team can work together to make beneficial decisions. With zone cleaning, the individual is responsible for making many decisions on a day to day basis as to what is the right and wrong thing to do. They have no second opinion and must be quick on their feet, as new obstacles are thrown at them every day.
While team cleaning is more efficient, it can also lead to boredom among custodians. Doing one task all day, every day can become mundane. They excel at one function, but may feel they are not being used to their full potential.
Zone cleaning allows cleaning professionals to move among tasks, changing things up and dominating in a specific area of the facility.
Resistance to Change
With zone cleaning being the traditional method, not all cleaning professionals are open to switching to team cleaning. They prefer to keep their ownership over a specified area rather than become specialized in one task only. The changes may be resisted by staff, which calls for efficient planning and preparation before implementing change.
When team cleaning doesn’t make sense
Although there are many perks of the team cleaning system, it does not make sense for every facility. Hotels, hospitals, and other buildings that have many separate rooms will likely see more success with zone cleaning.
These facilities hold patients and customers who are used to having a maid or custodian, and they want their space fully cleaned. It is harder to ensure a 100% clean space for their entire stay with team cleaning.
Team cleaning works best in facilities such as office areas, support areas, single tenant units, and schools.
Have you been thinking of switching to a team cleaning approach? What is the biggest thing holding you back?
The Day Cleaning Case Study
Switching to Day Cleaning Results in Dramatic Savings
By turning off the lights at night, buildings cut energy costs by 8%, and eliminating day maids and porters and reducing supervision saved 10% on cleaning costs. That translated into $350,000 and $100,000 in savings per year, respectively, at State Farm’s Federick, Maryland State Farm location.
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Internet of Mobility
Mobility as a Service
Modern cities and growing urban areas are urging mobility providers to move towards innovative, interconnected, and seamless service offerings. This kind of mobility services is referred to as Mobility as a Service (MaaS).
MaaS is not only about providing access to multimodal transportation, but should also include door to door travel with one ticket, last mile integration, failure management, and last but not least seamless ancillary
Enterprises share data without losing control over it. Service providers will regain autonomy of their business and data since no central party can access all data.
Thanks to Deon Digital technology enterprises will be able to automate processes, i.e., real time failure management handling in case of delays or cancellations.
Internet of Mobility is an open and secure network, it’s not a central market and it’s not a data exchange. It allows exploring new revenue streams through new, seamless collaborations.
Contract Specification Language and DLT
Our technology offers a full development suite and our Contract Specification Language which merge with the power of Distributed Ledger Technology to enable the emergence of a digital business-to-business network.
Subscribed members can use a flexible and cost-efficient solution that is dedicated to their needs to connect with other players on the platform in order to exchange services, value, and information while still retaining control over their own data and processes.
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<urn:uuid:a63cf24e-5459-41bb-b8bc-31a29e838bb2>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.deondigital.com/mobility/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00473.warc.gz
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Sadly (for some but maybe not so much for parents) summer is winding down and we are all engaged in the return to the three season “normalcy” of the school year. Supplies, after school programs, day care, work and school schedules are all in the forefront now. While our four legged friends don’t overtly require the hoop jumping from us that our kids do, they too have needs. During the summer, our dogs and cats readjust their lives to accomodate our increased presence, or absence or combination of both. While dogs generally welcome more attention from their owners and tend to pout a bit when we are away, cats often prefer the peace and quiet of a nearly empty space.That is not to say that our felines don’t like our attention, but it is usually on their terms rather than ours. A well known behaviorist once summed the behavioral differences as “dogs are more people oriented and cats are more place oriented”. So while we pack the car and it is obvious to the family canine we are going away, they are often hanging right with us as if to say “Take me, don’t forget me, please can I come?” while the cat relaxes on the window sill, watching the outside as if to say “Have a good time…..see you when you get back”. Of course there are exceptions to every generalization.
As we return to the more usual schedule of the school year, our pets need to adjust as well. For dogs, it may be back to puppy or dog day care, training classes and play time, while our felines have to readjust to having more activity in “their” home. They need to get used to all the comings and goings and the change of pace. It may be hard for us to accept, but these alterations in the household schedule can have an impact on the stress level and well being of our pets. Stress in companion animals is now commonly recognized as a contributing factor to illness. Urinary tract disease, skin diseases and inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases are all considered to be impacted by stress. Remember, our own moods can greatly impact our pet companions.
So as we all enjoy these last few days of the summer, make sure to consider the four legged pal. As we realign for the next few months, remember that our pets have their needs too. They are always there for us, let’s us make sure we are there for them.
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<urn:uuid:9f876397-7d5a-4f07-b303-82af47d913f0>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://brocktonanimalhospital.com/kids-back-to-school-but-what-about-the-pets/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00473.warc.gz
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en
| 0.972563
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Government panel rules saturated fat in butter, cheese and meat IS bad for you and should be limited but angry experts slam the ‘outdated and incompetent’ advice
- Scientific advisory committee advised against changing guidelines from 1994
- It said saturated fat should make up no more than 10 per cent of daily calories
- The fats found in dairy, cakes and biscuits increase the risk of heart disease
- But a doctor and scientist accused the committee of ignoring evidence
- They said the advice doesn’t take into account the benefits of foods as a whole
A Government committee has ruled the fat found in butter, cheese and meat should be avoided because it’s bad for people’s hearts.
Saturated fat has been the subject of debate for years because it can contribute to heart disease but is found in foods which also have health benefits.
The Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition today said there should be no change to 25-year-old official advice to try and avoid the fats.
They should make up no more than 10 per cent of someone’s daily calorie intake, officials maintained, because of their link to high cholesterol and heart disease.
But critics argue that telling people to avoid saturated fat risks slicing out chunks of a balanced diet and turning them instead to more dangerous trans fats or sugar.
The University of Copenhagen’s Dr Arne Astrup told MailOnline the committee’s approach was ‘outdated’ and ignored evidence it’d be better to take a whole food approach to healthy eating.
And NHS consultant Dr Aseem Malhotra accused the panel of ‘gross incompetence’ and said evidence has suggested some types of fat actually lower heart disease risk.
Saturated fat, of which butter contains a lot, should not be avoided completely because people may end up cutting out foods which have other nutritional benefits, researchers have warned (stock image)
‘Looking at the evidence, our report confirms that reducing saturated fat lowers total blood cholesterol and cuts the risk of heart disease,’ said the committee’s Professor Paul Haggarty.
‘Our advice remains that saturated fats should be reduced to no more than about 10 per cent of dietary energy.’
This limits the average adult to between 200 and 250 calories from saturated fat each day – equal to about 31g of butter.
The advisory committee (SACN) said saturated fats should be swapped for unsaturated fats, which are found in fish, nuts, olives, avocados and vegetable oil.
Examples of these switches include using margarine instead of butter, vegetable oil instead of lard, fish instead of red meat and fruit instead of cake.
But Dr Astrup, head of Copenhagen’s department of nutrition, exercise and sport, said like-for-like swaps aren’t always suitable.
In a recent paper published in the British Medical Journal, he and colleagues argued that fats have different effects in different foods.
Dr Astrup said: ‘It does not make sense to work with this limit that does not observe the different food sources.
‘The Government report has completely ignored the issues we have raised, and they are still working with the outdated “single nutrient approach”.
The University of Copenhagen’s Dr Arne Astrup (left) and NHS cardiologist Dr Aseem Malhotra (right) told MailOnline the advice given by the advisory committee was ‘outdated’ and ‘incompetent’
‘We provide strong evidence to show that it does not make sense to treat saturated fat as one single group as there are several different saturated fatty acids with very different biological effects.
‘And even more important: the effect is dependent of the food source it exists in – the effect of saturated fat is modified by all the other nutrients in the food matrix.
‘So we should stop talking about saturated fat to the public and talk about foods.’
The SACN said people in the UK still get around 12 per cent of their daily energy intake from saturated fat, which is ‘above recommendations’.
WHAT IS SATURATED FAT AND WHY IS IT BAD?
Saturated fat is a natural form of fat found in meats, butter and cheese.
It differs from unsaturated fat in the way chains of fatty acids are joined together.
Eating a lot of saturated fat can increase cholesterol levels in an unhealthy way and increase someone’s risk of developing heart disease.
This is because the cholesterol builds up on the walls of the arteries, narrowing them and increasing pressure on the heart while restricting blood and oxygen flow.
Foods high in saturated fat include:
- Fatty red meats such as pork and beef
- Butter and products made of butter, including pastries and pies
- Cakes and biscuits
- Cheese, cream and ice cream
The British Heart Foundation recommends that, where possible, people swap saturated fats for unsaturated fats.
- Unsaturated fats are those found in:
- Nuts and seeds
- Fish such as salmon and mackerel
- Vegetable oils, including olive oil
- Peanut butter
Its recommendations were set in 1994 and suggest a daily limit of 10 per cent – 200 to 250 calories of the average adult’s 2,000–2,500kcal intake.
The SACN’s new review is the first since that guidance 25 years ago, and considered 47 reviews of other scientific studies published since that time.
Too much saturated fat, experts on the panel fear, will increase the risk of heart problems because it’s known to raise cholesterol and potentially build up in the blood vessels.
Build-up of fat in the veins and arteries can narrow them, increasing blood pressure and forcing the heart to work harder to get the same amount of blood around the body.
About 7.4million people in the UK have heart disease and it kills around 170,000 people annually, with a further 36,000 dying of stroke.
Biscuits, cakes, pastries, cheese, milk and meat are the main sources of saturated fat and should be eaten in smaller amounts, officials said.
Public Health England’s Professor Louis Levy said: ‘We recommend eating foods high in saturated fat less often and in smaller amounts and swapping to unsaturated fats to help achieve a healthy, balanced diet.
‘We all need to take action, but food manufacturers, suppliers and caterers have a particular responsibility in helping people to do this.’
However, Dr Astrup added that singling out the fats risks people swapping foods which are at least partly healthy in favour of worse ones, just because they don’t have saturated fat.
He said: ‘The advice may have the adverse effect as people tend to skip nutrient-dense foods (yogurts, eggs and cheese) and replace them with refined carbs, and the result is higher disease risks.’
Dr Malhotra, a renowned cardiologist in the UK, told MailOnline: ‘The SACN committee have once again revealed gross incompetence on their advice on consumption of saturated fat being a risk for heart disease.
‘Not only does the totality of evidence reveal no adverse effect on cholesterol profile but that certain types of dairy saturated fat are associated with less heart disease.
‘They would be doing the public a much greater service by advising on eating whole foods whilst reducing ultra processed foods which now makes up a staggering half of the British diet.’
WHAT NUTRIENTS ARE IN FOODS HIGH IN SATURATED FAT?
Meat is a major source of high quality protein, easy-to-absorb iron, minerals, and vitamins.
Eggs contain 13 essential vitamins and minerals (including vitamin D, riboflavin and iodine), high quality protein, linolenic acid, choline and carotenoids named lutein and zeaxanthin.
Dark chocolate is rich in fibre, iron, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, zinc, and selenium. It also contains micronutrients called polyphenols, flavanols, and catechins.
Cheese contains protein, calcium and magnesium.
Source: Read Full Article
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<urn:uuid:782db77b-b3fa-4e2f-b1b9-e26b2f9ce470>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://floreshealth.com/health-news/government-panel-sparks-anger-by-ruling-saturated-fat-is-bad-for-you/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00473.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.94593
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Displaying 1 - 2 of 2
BACKGROUND: Ayurveda inventories for prakriti (constitution) have been developed and validated for adults. Children, however, require different categories of quarter and questions, for example, to assess the intelligence, the questions can be related to their scholastic performances. OBJECTIVE: To develop and standardize an inventory to assess the prakriti of the children, and to compare with Child Personality Questionnaire (CPQ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 135-item Ayurveda child personality inventory (ACPI) scale was developed on the basis of translation of Sanskrit verses describing vataja (A), pittaja (B), and kaphaja prakriti (C) characteristics and by taking the opinions of experts (ten Ayurveda experts and three psychologists). Study was carried out in Maxwell public school, Bangalore. The scale was administered on parents of children of the age group 6-12 years. CPQ was administered on children of the age group 8-12 years. RESULTS: The ACPI was associated with excellent internal consistency. The Cronbach's alpha for A, B, and C scales were 0.77, 0.55, and 0.84, respectively, and the Split-half reliability scores were 0.66.0.39 and 0.84, respectively. Factor validity coefficient scores on each items was above 0.5. Scores on vataja, pittaja and kaphaja scales were inversely correlated. Items of V, P, and K scales showed significant correlation (values ranging from 0.39 to 0.84) with subscales of CPQ, which indicates that Eastern and Western psychology concept have good correspondence. CONCLUSIONS: The prakrti of the children can be measured consistently by this instrument. Scores on V and P scale showed good correlation with the anxiety primary scale of CPQ.
BACKGROUND: Self - rating inventories to assess the Prakrti (constitution) and personality have been developed and validated for adults. To analyze the effect of personality development programs on Prakrti of the children, standardized scale is not available. Hence, present study was carried out to develop and standardize Caraka Child Personality inventory (CCPI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 77- item CCPI scale was developed on the basis of translation of Sanskrit verses describing vataja (a), pittaja (b) and kaphaja prakrti (c) characteristics described in Ayurveda texts and by taking the opinions of 5 Ayurveda experts and psychologists. The scale was administered on children of the age group 8-12 years in New Generation National public school, Bangalore. RESULTS: This inventory was named CCPI and showed excellent internal consistency. The Cronbach's alpha for A, B and C scales were 0.54, 0.64 and 0.64 respectively. The Split - Half reliability scores for A, B and C subscales were 0.64. 0.60 and 0.66 respectively. Factor validity coefficient Scores on each item was above 0.4. Scores on vataja, pittaja and kaphaja scales were inversely correlated. Test-retest reliability scores for A,B and C scales were 0.87,0.88 and 0.89 respectively. The result of CCPI was compared with a parent rating scale Ayurveda Child Personality Inventory (ACPI). Subscales of CCPI correlated significantly highly (above 0.80) with subscales of ACPI which was done for the purpose of cross-validation with respect to ACPI. CONCLUSIONS: The prakrti of the children can be measured consistently by this scale. Correlations with ACPI pointed toward concurrent validity.
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<urn:uuid:0f4e9698-f851-4fcd-875b-102c48fca0d9>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://sources.mandala.library.virginia.edu/sources-search?search_text_biblio_author=Suchitra%2C%20S.%20P.&view_mode=author
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00473.warc.gz
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New pipeline rule requires quicker reporting of accidents
Federal pipeline regulators are requiring operators to report accidents more quickly, and they are tightening rules on conducting drug and alcohol tests after an accident.
The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration is also setting up a new procedure for recovering its costs for reviewing the design of some new pipelines, and is requiring operators to report any change of product or direction of flow in their pipelines.
In an announcement last week about a final rule that was due to be published in the Federal Register on Jan. 23, the agency said it was tightening its accident-reporting requirements in order to increase the safety of pipeline construction and operation.
“PHMSA expects that quicker accident and incident reporting will lead to a safety benefit to the public, the environment, and limit property damage,” the agency said in a regulation that implements the Pipeline Safety, Regulatory Certainty and Job Creation Act of 2011.
The rule, which becomes effective 60 days after publication, will require operators to report accidents to PHMSA within an hour, and to report confirmation of the incident within 48 hours.
Energy companies are expected to build as many as 30,000 miles of pipeline in Pennsylvania over the next 20 years to pump abundant natural gas from the Marcellus and Utica Shales to market, the Department of Environmental Protection has said. Most of the new pipeline mileage will be gathering lines, which connect wellheads to major transmission lines.
The new rule also sets up a structure to allow the agency to recover its costs for reviewing the design of pipelines that cost $2.5 billion or more, or that contain new technologies.
Operators will have to inform the agency if they change the product going through a pipeline, such as a shift from crude oil to highly volatile liquids, or if they reverse the flow for more than 30 days.
They will be required to keep for at least three years their reasons why drug and alcohol tests were not conducted after an accident.
The agency said the rule changes are designed to protect people and property while changing “unduly burdensome or nonsensical requirements.”
But the Pennsylvania-based Pipeline Safety Coalition said the new rule doesn’t do enough to protect public safety in light of the fact that more than two-thirds of pipeline failures are the result of operator deficiencies.
PHMSA data show the average number of pipeline incidents were almost two per day in 2015 – the second highest for 20 years – while the number averaged about 1.7 per day in 2016.
The coalition ridiculed the agency’s stated goal of scrapping burdensome regulation, saying it should focus entirely on safety.
“To us, nearly two incidents per day does not beget a safety culture that should be focusing on ‘unduly burdensome or nonsensical requirements,’” said Lynda Farrell, executive director of the coalition.
Since 67.3 percent of pipeline failures are within the control of operators, “perhaps the question is not if regulations are burdensome as much as it is on why operators allow this situation to persist,” Farrell wrote in a statement.
She also criticized as “disappointing” the agency’s decision to defer final action on operator qualifications (OQ).
“PSC will be following this delay closely as we believe, given the stats above, OQ may well be the first step in elevating our levels of pipeline safety,” Farrell said.
She also urged PHMSA to adopt National Transportation Safety Board recommendations following major pipeline leaks or explosions in San Bruno, CA and Marshall, MI in recent years.
“We cannot state strongly enough that the recommendations made by NTSB are consistently valuable, life saving recommendations, for the most part, not implemented in a way the public deserves,” Farrell said.
But she welcomed PHMSA’s plan to require reporting of pipeline flow reversal, and that applications for permit renewals will be treated in the same way as initial applications.
The new rules follow regulations published on Jan. 13 tightening safety requirements for pipelines such as Sunoco Logistics’ proposed Mariner East 2 that would carry hazardous liquids across Pennsylvania.
The American Petroleum Institute, which said the earlier announcement would result in an overall loosening of safety standards, said only that it was reviewing the latest rule.
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<urn:uuid:3880208a-c73a-482f-a600-418fce9b64de>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2017/01/23/new-pipeline-rule-requires-quicker-reporting-of-accidents/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00473.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.956203
| 889
| 1.960938
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|
History:How to Build Picard for Windows
Note: See up-to-date docs at the dedicated Picard site.
This page explains the process of building MusicBrainz Picard and the installer for Windows. It only works for Picard 1.2 and newer, which no longer supports AmpliFIND.
- Python 2.7.x
- Download and install "Python 2.7.x Windows Installer"
- Add C:\Python27 to %PATH%
- PyQt 4.10.x
- Download and install "PyQt4-4.10.x-gpl-Py2.7-Qt4.8.x-x32.exe"
- Download "libdiscid-0.6.1-win32.zip" and put "discid.dll" in your Windows\System32 folder
- Pip for Windows
- Download to a location you find again (no installation)
- in Pip_Win:
pip install mutagenfor Mutagen (1.22 tested)
pip install discidfor python-discid (1.1.x tested)
- gettext >= 0.15
- Download both gettext-tools-0.17.zip and gettext-runtime-0.17-1.zip and unzip both into the same directory
- Add the gettext bin folder to %PATH% (normally C:\Programs\GnuWin32\bin)
- Visual C++ 2008 Express
- Download and install "vcsetup.exe"
- Download "chromaprint-fpcalc-1.1-win-i86.zip" and put "fpcalc.exe" to the Picard source code directory
Running Picard From Sources
Before you can run Picard from sources, you need to build the C extension. Start the VS console using "Visual Studio 2008 Command Prompt", go to the source directory and run these commands:
python setup.py build_ext -i python setup.py build_locales -i
After you have done this, you can run Picard directly from the sources using:
Building the Installer
To build the installer executable you need additional Tools:
- py2exe 0.6.9
- Download and install "py2exe-0.6.9.win32-py2.7.exe"
- NSIS 2.46
- Download and install "nsis-2.46-setup.exe"
Then you need to copy msvcr90.dll and msvcp90.dll from "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\redist\x86\Microsoft.VC90.CRT" to the source code directory, so that py2exe can find them. You also need copy discid.dll (libdiscid) to the picard source.
Then you can build the installer using this command:
python setup.py bdist_nsis
The setup is installer\picard-setup-1.x.exe and an executable for your system is dist\picard.exe, which you can use to create a desktop shortcut.
It is possible that the resulting picard.exe does not show the proper file icon. This is probably a bug of py2exe on Vista. You can fix the icon with the tool Resource Hacker or any other tool, that can edit the resources in executables.
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<urn:uuid:49389971-f54c-477a-8e4d-c0ebffdba2c3>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://wiki.musicbrainz.org/History:How_to_Build_Picard_for_Windows
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00473.warc.gz
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en
| 0.695877
| 909
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American football is played on a rectangular field 120 yards (110 metres) long by 53 1/3 yards (49 metres) wide. The longer boundary lines are sidelines, while the shorter boundary lines are end lines. Near each end of the field is a goal line; they are 100 yards apart. A scoring area called an end zone extends 10 yards beyond each goal line to each end line.
Yard lines cross the field every 5 yards, and are numbered from each goal line to the 50-yard line, or midfield (similar to a typical rugby league field). Two rows of lines, known as hash marks, parallel the side lines near the middle of the field. All plays start with the ball on or between the hash marks.
At the back of each end zone are two goal posts (also called uprights) that are 18.5 feet apart(24 feet in high school). The posts are connected by a crossbar 10 feet from the ground. Successful kicks must go above the crossbar and between the uprights. (At professional, college, and some high school fields, the uprights and crossbar are attached by a curved bar to a padded post outside the field of play, to reduce the chance of players running into the supports. Many high schools, though, use an H-shaped structure located behind the endlines, allowing the structure to be used as a soccer goal as well.)
Each team has 11 players on the field at a time. However, teams may substitute for any or all of their players, if time allows, during the break between plays. As a result, players have very specialized roles, and almost all of the 53 players on an NFL team will play in any given game. Thus, teams are divided into three separate units: the offense, the defense and the special teams (see below). In the NFL, players’ jersey numbers are distributed according to a strict system (e.g. quarterbacks always wear between 1-19).
Translated and adapted from Wikipedia under GNU Free Documentation License.
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<urn:uuid:1b971ac5-2e9a-4dc3-8895-ab66667d36d0>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.telework.ro/en/field-and-players-in-american-football/
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en
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Colombia's worst political crisis in decades - one that has kept President Ernesto Samper Pizano fighting for his political career - is now coming to a head.
For the past year, President Samper has struggled to remain in office amid charges that he knew his 1994 election campaign received funding from drug traffickers.
Colombia's Chamber of Representatives was to have begun debate May 28 to decide whether to absolve Samper of the criminal charges. The debate is expected to end early next month with a secret vote.
Samper has come under heavy pressure to resign since January, when a former aide accused him of accepting millions of dollars from the Cali drug cartel.
The scandal has cut a wide swath through Colombia's ruling class, with three top campaign officials, the attorney general, and seven members of Congress now behind bars. Seventeen other members of Congress are under investigation.
Samper's fortunes were boosted May 21 when three close aides were not arrested. Since March, public prosecutors have investigated the role played by Interior Minister Horacio Serpa Uribe, Foreign Minister Rodrigo Pardo Garca-Pea, and Communications Minister Juan Manuel Turbay Marulanda.
Prosecutors decided there was not enough evidence to prove the ministers accepted the money. They did find that the ministers tried to cover up the donations once Samper was elected. The ministers aren't off scot-free; their freedom of movement is curtailed while the investigation continues.
The ruling was seen as a triumph for the government, however. "The three ministers were expected to go to prison, so this [curtailing of movement] is a minor sanction," explained Alejandro Reyes, political scientist at Bogot's National University.
A ruling May 9 by a top administrative tribunal also eased the ministers' legal position. In a decision many believed was a deliberate attempt to help Samper and his aides, the Council of State ruled that it was illegal to fix limits on election spending.
As a result of the ruling, public prosecutors had to drop charges that the ministers altered the campaign accounts to hide overspending. Fernando Botero Zea, Samper's former defense minister who is currently in jail for the part he played in the scandal, says he has evidence the government interfered in the Council of State's decision.
Meanwhile, the Congress continues to investigate the president's role. In the light of the Council of State's ruling, it is likely the legislature will also clear Samper of similar charges of altering the accounts.
Despite overwhelming evidence that drug money entered the campaign, few Colombians believe the Congress will find the president guilty. Several members of Samper's party in Congress also benefited from the central campaign funds.
Last week, two of the three congressmen in charge of investigating Samper reported to a broader congressional committee there was no proof the president was involved.
The other investigator concluded Samper was guilty of taking the money and of covering it up.
Some analysts say that Samper may resign once his name is cleared by Congress. "It's premature to say that because things are a little smoother now, they will get better in the long term, because there will still be the problem of governability," said Francisco Robles, professor of political science at Javeriana University in Bogot.
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<urn:uuid:80a59233-3d72-4d3f-a6fb-d8239a1ba0f6>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.csmonitor.com/1996/0529/052996.intl.intl.3.html
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|
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Hilton Diagonal Mar Barcelona
The current dynamics in the packaging market is leading us away from multilayer structures, towards mono material packaging. Mono-material is an emerging trend in recyclable packaging, and plastic resin producers and packaging companies across the world are pouring their efforts into developing innovative solutions while brand owners are demanding more sustainable recyclable packaging.
Conventional multi-layer plastics rigid and soft packaging are difficult to recycle because of the need to separate the different layers, and many countries lack the necessary recycling systems and processes.
In contrast mono-material packaging constructed from a single polymer type – are fully recyclable.
However as products get increasingly sophisticated, more functionalities of packaging are needed eg better barrier properties and a single material may not be able to satisfy this. The more complicated the design, the harder to recycle.
Can standardising which mono-material to use for a certain type of packaging be the solution ?
RecyClass is an EU initiative set up to support the industry in redesigning plastic packaging to improve recycled plastic quality.
What is the latest update on the recyclability assessment ? Does mono material structures always have perfect recyclability ?
Find out the latest innovations in mono material PE structures for dry food and also for liquid food.
How mono-material recyclable HDPE foams can replace the multilayer classic carton composite made of cardboard, aluminium and plastics.
The 2nd Recyclable Mono Material Packaging Solutions has lined up a top panel of experts in the packaging supply chain to share about the innovations & challenges in switching to mono materials while maintaining product quality !
- Jordi Garriga, Senior Innovation Manager - Food and Consumer Packaging, Klöckner Pentaplast
- Paolo Glerean, Chairman, RecyClass
- Dr. Carolin Struller, Head of R&D, Competence Centre & Lab– Sustainability Ambassador, Bobst
- Yair Gellis, VP Marketing and Business Development, Polysack Flexible Packaging Ltd
- Rosemarie Wuite, Business Developer, Vita Nova
- Steven Davies, Chairman, BOPET Films Europe
- Markus Fellinger, General Manager Viscotec, Starlinger & Co. Gesellschaft m.b.H. / Viscotec
- Dr. Chantal Semaan, Application Technology Manager Consumer Products, Borealis
- Neil Court-Johnston, VP, Strategy, Zotefoams PLC.
- Fabiano Rimediotti, Process Specialist, Nordmeccanica SpA
- Birce Selen Erturgay, R&D Packaging Manager - Foods, Unilever
- Lorena Gutierrez, Industry Sales Manager, Nurel SA (SAMCA Group)
- Samuel Pardo, Senior Innovation Manager, Klöckner Pentaplast
Register now and get an early bird discount.
Sign up with firstname.lastname@example.org
Please contact Hafizah
Do register anyway to purchase the event recording, available after the live streaming.
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The Maasai People.
The Maasai people not (Masai) are widely known to be Audacious, Dauntless, gallant, mettlesome and Fortitudinous.
The colonial British troops used to incorrectly call them Masai which has stuck to date. The Maasai People were attacked by the British troops in the Early 20th Century. Despite the attack, the British had Mad Respect for these fortitudinous tribe. They had to do it in a calculated way otherwise, they would have embarrassed themselves.
The Maasai people are the few African tribes who have continued to keep their cultural heritage alive. However, they have slowly started to urbanize. Actually, one of my University Lecturer was a Maasai, who was a professor. I never used to miss his classes, he had engrossing stories regards to his fellow Maasai People.
I learned a lot through him and here are some of the things you probably did not know about the Maasai.
17.) Giving Birth to Twin is Bad Omen.
I was shocked just the way you are, My University professor told us that, he had a twin brother. One had to be eliminated at birth. From the look of his eyes as he was narrating the story, you could see the pain only if you looked closely but his voice was as clear and calm. These people are trained never to show any sense of weakness no matter the situation.
16.) The Maasai People Drink Raw Blood.
This is one of the Maasai Traditions, which they practice to date. They, however, keep the blood for special occasions like during birth, circumcision and other ceremonials. The elders use the blood to nurse hangovers.
They shoot a cow with a blunt bamboo arrow on the jugular vein. After taking enough blood they plaster it with mud.
They are not vampires though, but just a way of their life.
15.) They don’t reside in Kenya Alone.
The Maasai are majorly known to be Kenyans but this is not the case. We have Other Maasai`s in Northern Part of Tanzania. Though not as many as in Kenya. They all have the same practices, from Culture to staying around National parks and reserves.
Same red robes, making of jewellery, artefacts housing and everything else is a replica.
14.) The Maasai People Practise Predator Burial.
I was equally amazed, the Maasai People do not bury their own. They believe when a person dies that is the end of their journey. So, they give the body back by smearing oxblood or the fat and release the body to the wild for the animals.
13.) Weird Inheritance.
So, when the Head of the family is about to die. He calls all his sons and shares in equal portions of his wealth. The wealth is cattle and land, the more the cattle the Maasai have the wealthier they are perceived by the community.
So, the weird but engrossing at the same time is, once they are given their share. The sons have to give a small portion of their share to the Eldest brother to avoid the curse of benefitting wealth from a dead person. Since the firstborn is perceived or replaces their father as head of the family.
12.) The Maasai Women build the Houses.
It is rare to see women building houses in this urban setting. However, it is the duty of women to build their houses. They use grass, mud, cow dung and sticks.
The women also fetch water, cook and milk the cows. While the men fence the homestead and look for food through hunting. The Maasai Warriors have the mandate of protecting their community.
11.) The Maasai People Dance.
Probably one of the main tourist attractions in Kenya and Tanzania. Many tourists flock to their Villages, Known as The Maasai Village visit. There are many activities but one of the main is the singing and the Men Jumping as high as possible.
The one who jumps the highest is considered brave, strong and gallant. He flirts and gets all the girls with ease.
10.) Touristic Attractions.
The Maasai are a touristic magnet to Kenya and Tanzania. Many Tourist travels overseas to just come and witness this fierce and engrossing tribe.
They are now aware of this practice and they have made it a source of income and it gives hope. They are not about to abandon their way of life since it is a source of income on its own.
9.) Children and Cattle.
Nothing more important than Children and Cattle when it comes to the Maasai People. The cattle count as wealth and like everybody else. They hustle to accumulate cattle to have that societal status.
They use the cattle for trade, during marriage and a passage to their children.
The Maasai People consider children as a blessing and the more the children the better. Family planning is a myth to them to date.
8.) The Maasai people are Nomadic.
Well, this may have reduced, the Maasai people were originally from Sudan. They moved to and now permanently reside in Kenya and Tanzania.
However, their mud build huts were and are temporally symbolizing movement anytime. They used to move to greener pastures for their most treasured form of wealth, Cattle.
7.) Colourful Clothing.
The Maasai People wear Colorful Shuka (Sheets) Wrapped along their shoulders. You will rarely spot a Maasai wearing Modern Clothing unless the ones who have migrated to the city and dropped their way of the traditional practices.
The Maasai women often wear intricate jewellery made with beads, wood, clay or bone. Of course, alongside the colourful Maasai Shuka, which is one of the leading souvenirs when you visit East Africa.
6.) Body Modification.
The Maasai People have body modification, instead of the modern Tattoos. They have another form of traditional modification.
They have body marks, sometimes on their faces, while others have stretched earlobes which are fitted with sticks, beads and Sometimes stones.
The children have their baby teeth removed due to the belief that they will prevent illnesses.
5.) Baby 3 Moons.
The children mortality rate was high and because of this. A newborn was never counted as part of their community unless they hit the third Moon, meaning the third month only then they would start to recognize the baby as part of the family.
4.) The Maasai People are Patriarchy.
The elders are the ones who make decisions and the rules in the community. The young ones have little or no voice at all.
They are trained to be the Maasai Warriors. The elders organize for marriages, negotiate and make rules and whenever possible have the mantle to punish any wrongdoing.
3.) The Maasai People Marriage.
The elders have laid rules that the Maasai Warriors should not marry at a young age since they have the duty to protect the community and marrying would mean they will be destructed.
The Maasai Warriors only marry when they start ageing since they are now weak to fight. They marry a young and energetic lady since the ladies do not have much to do while young. You are most likely to spot a huge age difference between husband and wife.
2.) The Maasai people practise Polyandry.
The Maasai People value their children and due to the mortality rate. They will encourage a married woman to sleep with other Energetic men just in case the husband is old and weak or needs help. But this happens only when the wife agrees.
When the baby is born, the child is considered son or daughter of the husband and not the other Man.
1.) Dying Culture?
Dying Culture? Not anytime soon, as much as many Young Maasai People are migrating to the city and abandoning their cultural way of life. Hopefully, this culture is not about to be washed away and this is why.
I had mentioned it earlier though not as detailed. Now, most of these Maasai People live around in National Reserves and Parks. Most of the tourists never miss doing Maasai Village Tour.
They earn something meaningful to keep them around. It is a lifestyle that pays. So, How can it dye? It is not about to but here to stay so long as the tourists keep on visiting them.
There are many predictions this cultural practices will be extinct but I think whoever did that forgot it is now a source of income and not closing shop anytime soon.
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This is because the setting up and laying of pipelines to power the relocated Karpowership from Tema to the Sekondi Naval Base is about 85% complete.
Ghana Gas to start supply of gas to Karpowership in October
Ghana Gas Company Limited will soon start supplying gas to Karpowership in October this year.
Ghana Gas Company Limited will supply its first gas from Atuoabu gas processing plant to the Power ship in October this year.
Head of Communication of Ghana Gas, Ernest Owusu Bempah, they were happy with the work done so far. He was hopeful that the powership will be operational in October.
He made this known when officials of the company visited the relocated Karpowership at the Sekondi Naval Base to ascertain the progress of work.
Government moves Karpowership
The Ghanaian government decided to move the 470 megawatts Karpowership to Sekondi Naval Base to enable operations to draw natural gas from Atuabo Ghana Gas plant to power the powership.
Until this decision was taken the powership which was then at Tema laid idle while huge sum of dollars was spent on servicing it monthly.
Work done so far on the powership
According to Owusu Bemoah, the eight-kilometre onshore and the 1.3 km offshore pipelines linking the Karpowership, the tie-in point, had all been successfully laid and it was left with the metering gauge and other technical lines to be fixed.
He said that "we will be pushing between 60/70million standard cubic feet worth of gas on a daily basis which can generate about 470 megawatts of power daily for the country."
He said Ghana Gas has more than 350mcsf gas and would be able to meet the demands of the powership.
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Cold weather can wreak havoc on exterior doors. The cold temperatures cause metal door components to contract, which can alter the way the door opens and closes or locks. Without proper door insulation, businesses can experience heat loss, resulting in increased energy costs. Here are some ways to prepare for unpredictable winter weather to ensure a business entrance remains secure:
Before The Storm
Door installers or maintenance specialists should check screws, hinges, and springs to ensure they are not loose.
Weather stripping should be tested to ensure the door remains properly insulated. Weather stripping can crack and warp from repeated exposure to cold weather.
A professional door technician can repair or replace existing weather stripping before a storm hits. They may also apply caulking to seal door frames to preserve the energy efficiency of the business.
Rolling or sliding doors depend on adequate lubrication for proper operation. Cold temperatures can dry out the lubrication, increasing friction during operation.
Some areas encounter excess rain in the winter, and entrances should be watertight to prevent interior flooding and water damage. Moisture can cause swelling of the door frame, which can cause the door to scrape as it opens and shuts.
After The Storm
Ensure pathways and driveways leading to entrances are clear of snow and that salt/sand is applied to the pavement to improve traction for customers and business owners.
Cold weather may be harsh, but taking preventative measures goes a long way toward preserving the security of a business entrance. Checking door hardware, insulation and seals helps prolong the life of the door and maintain its proper operation even in the face of unpredictable winter weather.
For more information on how to keep your property safe, please contact us. As a family owned and operated business since 1937, Vortex is committed to providing you with a fast and thorough response to your needs. Vortex offers entrance door repairs, warehouse door installations, fire door installations, ADA compliance inspections and low-cost preventive maintenance inspections. For more information, contact Vortex Doors online or call 800-698-6783.
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention https://www.cdc.gov
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences https://www.niehs.nih.gov
Health Canada https://www.canada.ca
Nova Scotia Health Authority http://www.nshealth.ca
Cunha BA, Burillo A, et al. Legionnaires' disease. Lancet. 2016;387(10016):376-385.
Legionella infections. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at: https://www.dynamed.com/condition/legionella-infections. Accessed April 28, 2022.
Legionella infections. Merck Manual Professional Version website. Available at: http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/gram-negative-bacilli/legionella-infections. Accessed April 28, 2022.
Legionella (Legionnaires' disease and Pontiac fever). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/legionella/about/index.html. Accessed April 28, 2022.
- Reviewer: EBSCO Medical Review Board David L. Horn, MD, FACP
- Update Date: 04/28/2022
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This project started with an idea of how real estate values could take place in Calzona of the future. I was inspired by the International Airport of Montello to create public attractions.
A massive number of people come into the area of Calzona, but don’t get to know how great it can be in the future. However, with this technology, they can pull out their phones or head-mounted displays to scan the code (which automatically detects the unique AI-trained images) and see the foreseeing image of the planned construction in real-time rendering.
Clients who visit Calzona would be able to see the valuation of Calzona in the future and donate their money in order to claim specific estate properties.
Get Hyped Being Augmented
This is the initial thought of my project – Augmented Calzona ( aka HackinCalzona). As a hyper-reality enthusiast, I am looking for ways that people can see what could be behind the fact via indirect viewport. Augmented Calzona was designed with the assumption that the world will soon be overwhelmed with an explosively growing population which will force people to look for new land to live on. For most humans, the reality becomes less attractive and they have to wear a half-immersive device in order to keep them away from their rough life. Calzona will then become the gathering place for those dreamers who do not have real property but virtual ideas to build in. People build stuff in the Virtual World that investors can pay for to actualize. Investors are able to use the real-time tracking technology and visualize the possible projects on the Calzona land.
Techs that Make It Possible
Two AI-trained Image Markers
The core feature of Augmented Calzona is its ability to be cross-platform. I first integrated this project into a high-altitude platform, the DJI Mobile SDK. I used the DJI Mavic quadcopter with its 4K real-time streaming camera in order to visualize the several planned constructions in the future. The co-operation gyrometer and tracking makers allow people to see the overview of the large-scale constructions. There are plenty of huge constructions in the preparation stage – Calzona Planet Airport, and, Calzona Launch Station. The obj models were built with Blender graphics modeling software. With high-res image streaming and nice looking models, I programmed with Vuforia tracking technology to let the computer trained with specific patterns of images markers accept the images streaming from an up-high drone and produce a series of mixed reality photos of the construction in the real landscape.
Raw image from drone
Real-time Augmented Reality Viewport
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Allergies have a huge impact when you are thinking of going on holiday overseas. In fact, for many parents of allergic children and allergic adults, it can feel much easier to just stay at home. However in doing so we deny ourselves experiences enjoyed by others.
I’ve lived in Beijing for a time and I love to explore new places – I try not to let being allergic to so many things limit my horizons. I may make a choice not to travel by air for environmental reasons, however I don’t want to make that choice through having allergies.
I know that with many disabilities and conditions travelling can become a logistical and stressful nightmare – however I do feel we have to face those difficulties head on otherwise our world becomes smaller and smaller. We can end up feeling trapped by something which is not our fault. Believe me, being severely allergic is not something anyone would choose.
Travelling for your holiday – however you plan to get to your destination, someone with allergies has to think carefully about what this will mean when it comes to food. For example, I’m very allergic to all nuts, that doesn’t just mean I cannot eat them, it means I cannot be near them in any way. So not only can I not eat nuts, those around me should not eat nuts either. You may be surprised how much resistance there is to this – I’ve even been accused of denying someone their human rights. However my human rights are being denied if I’m affected and have an anaphylactic shock. Some airlines will not even take passengers like me! I’m pleased to say recently Easyjet has taken a very proactive stance on this and I applaud them for it.
It’s not just airlines – you need to have a conversation with any provider of transport whether it’s a coach company, a chauffeur, a taxi driver or a mate who is driving a group of you in a minibus. Your allergy becomes their responsibility too. What they eat can impact you. Safe snacks are key to this type of travel. Where can you get safe snacks? Oh yes – at Creative Nature! One other tip – take hand wipes and if you can, wash your hands frequently to mitigate the risks of contamination.
Holiday food – if you are a planner and you have allergies you will find this crucial part of holidaying easier. When you have allergies or you have a loved one who is anaphylactic you have to plan really well in advance. By sending emails or telephoning early to ask about catering for someone with severe allergies you will soon get the vibe if this hotel is empathetic to your situation when it comes to food. Have some basic questions to hand to find out if they have a range of foods for your dietary needs, they are willing to ban certain foods from a restaurant or eaterie during your stay (nuts for example), are confident their staff will be empathetic and knowledgeable around ingredients. Don’t be afraid to reach out to other allergic people you may know on social media to ask for their advice and experiences.
Pets – this can often get forgotten. However if you have allergies and you are affected by cats and dogs, are you staying somewhere that is pet-friendly for others – yet distinctly unfriendly for you? If you are in a dog-friendly hotel – was there a dog in the room before you checked in? Has the room been deep-cleaned ready for your arrival, have you even had a conversation about that to ask for that? No provider of accommodation will know about your complex needs unless you tell them.
Eating out – if it’s very difficult to trust any member of staff at any restaurant, café or other eaterie when you ask for a full list of ingredients at home, how about in a country which is not your country of birth – or where you don’t speak the same language? Other countries may not have the same laws around labelling or rules around allergens that we have in the UK – and even here there’s a way to go. Try to do some research about this if you can – reach out to others on social media about how they tackled this. For me this is a huge danger.
Medical – you have to think and plan for a medical emergency when in another country. Do some research around how that country’s medical system works and how you can access it if you need to – do you know where the nearest hospital is? Do you need special travel insurance for that country? Finding out when you are in a crisis situation will be too late – and it could cost you very dearly. Have an alert about your condition about your person so that if you are unconscious it can be accessed – if you can try to get it in the language of that country, or even have some cards with images to alert those around you about what’s happening.
One great tip is to have translation cards to help you when travelling overseas. Allergy UK offers sets of translation cards for various countries and it costs from £15 – details are here – https://www.allergyuk.org/get-help/translation-cards
If you want to share with us any stories related to holidaying overseas with allergies – please drop us a line too. For more guidance on flying with food allergies, click here for a very helpful article by Amar Hussain
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It’s Christmas time in Palestine and all eyes are on Bethlehem, the birthplace of Jesus. The city’s Christmas trees are up and the streets of Bethlehem are covered in festive lights and decorations.
To the ordinary person, things in Manger Square might seem normal, like any other Christmas. People are trickling in and out of the Nativity Church, while others have come to take photos in front of Bethlehem’s Christmas tree.
But despite the festive atmosphere, Palestinians in Bethlehem know that this year their Christmas is going to be anything but normal.
But despite the festive atmosphere, Palestinians in Bethlehem know that this year their Christmas is going to be anything but the usual. But this year was really hard on everyone, on all the countries of the world.
In Israel, the churches are closed, social life has come to a stop, there are no gatherings, there are even no family relations anymore. I can’t even visit my sister or visit my brother because of the Corona-virus.
In recent weeks Corona-virus cases have surged in the occupied West Bank with the Bethlehem district seeing some of the highest rates of infection.
Due to the latest round of Corona-virus lock downs Bethlehem is as quiet as ever. Even prayers have to be done inside the house.
The streets are relatively empty, shops are closed, and Palestinian families are once again rounded up in their homes, forced to make major changes not only to their daily lives, but to their yearly Christmas celebrations as well.
For Palestinian families, one of the hardest realities they’ve had to face this year is the loss of timeless, quintessential, Bethlehem Christmas traditions. This year, the ceremony was held virtually, and people were forced to watch the celebrations from afar.
Like midnight mass at the Church of Nativity, and the lighting of the city’s Christmas tree, an occasion that typically draws thousands of people from all over the world.
From Bethlehem Palestine to the rest of the world, Merry Christmas and happy holidays to all those celebrating.
Mondoweiss / ABC Flash Point News 2020.
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February 19, 2021 - Implicit Bias
Anita Fitzgerald, PhD, RN, AGNP, CNE
At the end of this presentation, participants will be able to:
Define implicit bias
Differentiate implicit bias from explicit bias
Describe implicit associations, implicit stereotypes and implicit prejudice
Explain the effects of implicit bias in maternal healthcare
Understand the connection between implicit bias with healthcare disparities
Identify countermeasures to implicit bias
Are available upon request. Email firstname.lastname@example.org to receive them.
Create your own user feedback survey
Click Here To Access Training Module on Implicit Bias: Post-Test
CDAPP Sweet Success Resource & Training Center
Office line: 714-921-9755
email CDAPP Sweet Success (email@example.com)
Funding is provided by Federal Title V Block Grant Funds through the California Department of Public Health (CDPH), Center for Family Health (CFH), Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health (MCAH) Division.
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TRANSPORTATION POLICY PRIORITIES
Each segment of the public and private sectors has concerns and problems when dealing with Transportation Policy Priorities. The author attempts to put some perspective in the major areas of concern which affect the decision process in all segments of the transportation industry. He briefly looks at the National Transport Policy, increased transportation rates, and user pay concept.
- This paper was published as part of the Proceedings of the 1975 Annual Conference held in Calgary.
Transportation Association of Canada (TAC)Ottawa, Ontario Canada
- Telford, J W
- Publication Date: 1976
- Pagination: p. 325-329
- TRT Terms: Decision making; Rates; Strategic planning; Transportation; Transportation policy; User charges
- Old TRIS Terms: Transportation rates
- Subject Areas: Administration and Management; Economics; Society; Transportation (General);
- Accession Number: 00144337
- Record Type: Publication
- Source Agency: Transportation Association of Canada (TAC)
- Report/Paper Numbers: Proceeding
- Files: TRIS
- Created Date: May 31 1977 12:00AM
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|Ingredient name||what-it-does||irr., com.||ID-Rating|
|Ethanol(For Quick Drying)||antimicrobial/antibacterial, solvent, viscosity controlling||icky|
|Willow Bark Extract||soothing||goodie|
|Potassium Azeloyl Diglycinate||skin brightening, anti-acne, soothing||goodie|
|Azelaic Acid||anti-acne, soothing, buffering||superstar|
|Salicylic Acid||exfoliant, anti-acne, soothing, preservative||superstar|
|Niacinamide||cell-communicating ingredient, skin brightening, anti-acne, moisturizer/humectant||superstar|
|Citrus Medica Limonum Peel Oil|
|Citrus Paradisi Peel Oil||perfuming||icky|
|Citrus Aurantifolia Oil||surfactant/cleansing, perfuming||icky|
|Citrus Reticulata Oil||perfuming||icky|
|Citrus Aurantium Dulcis Oil||perfuming||icky|
|Litsea Cubeba Fruit Oil||perfuming|
Lv1 Anti-Maskne SprayIngredients explained
Simply alcohol refers to ethanol and it's a pretty controversial ingredient. It has many instant benefits: it's a great solvent, penetration enhancer, creates cosmetically elegant, light formulas, great astringent and antimicrobial. No wonder it's popular in toners and oily skin formulas.
The downside is that it can be very drying if it's in the first few ingredients on an ingredient list.
Some experts even think that regular exposure to alcohol damages skin barrier and causes inflammation though it's a debated opinion. If you wanna know more, we wrote a more detailed explanation about what's the deal with alcohol in skincare products at alcohol denat. (it's also alcohol, but with some additives to make sure no one drinks it).
The extract coming from the bark of the White Willow, a big (25 m/80 ft.) tree that likes to live on riverbanks. It's famous for containing anti-inflammatory natural salicylates (this powder, for example, is standardized to contain 53-65%), a close chemical relative to famous exfoliant salicylic acid.
Thanks to its salicin content, willow bark is often touted as a natural alternative to salicylic acid, though it's quite questionable how effective it is as a chemical exfoliant in the tiny amounts used in cosmetics. Apart from soothing salicin, it also contains flavonoids and phenolic acids that give willow bark tonic, astringent, and antiseptic properties.
A derivative of clinically proven, superstar ingredient Azelaic Acid and hydrating amino acid Glycine. Azelaic acid is an awesome ingredient with anti-inflammatory, skin lightening and anti-acne effects, but its insolubility (it's soluble neither in water nor in oil) makes it difficult to use it in a cosmetically elegant and versatile way.
The solution is supposed to be Potassium Azeloyl Diglycinate, at least according to the manufacturer. The derivative is very water soluble, easy to use in nice formulas and inherits all the lovely properties of Azelaic acid. It acts as a skin brightening agent via Tyrosinase (a famous enzyme needed to make melanin) inhibition and also has significant sebum normalizing activity.
Regarding research, we could find two studies where Potassium Azeloyl Diglycinate's name popped up. One study examined the management of rosacea and the other one researched the treatment of melasma. Both were successful (we mean people showed improvement :)) but our Azelaic acid derivative was combined with other actives so it's hard to know what to attribute to this guy only.
Overall, a promising multi-function active that's worth checking out if you have pigmentation-prone, acne-prone or rosacea-prone skin.
- Superstar ingredient with antibacterial, skin cell regulating, anti-inflammatory and skin-lightening magic properties
- It is especially useful for acne-prone or rosacea-prone skin types (in concentration 10% and up)
- It is a prescription drug in the US but can be freely purchased in the EU in an up to 10% concentration
- It's one of the gold standard ingredients for treating problem skin
- It can exfoliate skin both on the surface and in the pores
- It's a potent anti-inflammatory agent
- It's more effective for treating blackheads than acne
- For acne combine it with antibacterial agents like benzoyl peroxide or azelaic acid
- A multi-functional skincare superstar with several proven benefits for the skin
- Great anti-aging, wrinkle smoothing ingredient used at 4-5% concentration
- Fades brown spots alone or in combination with amino sugar, acetyl glucosamine
- Increases ceramide synthesis that results in a stronger, healthier skin barrier and better skin hydration
- Can help to improve several skin conditions including acne, rosacea, and atopic dermatitis
We don't have description for this ingredient yet.
The essential oil coming from the peel of the pink grapefruit. In general, the main component of citrus peel oils is limonene (around 90% for grapefruit peel), a super common fragrant ingredient that makes everything smell nice (but counts as a frequent skin sensitizer). Similar to other essential oils, grapefruit peel has also antibacterial and antifungal acitivity.
Other than that, citrus peels contain the problematic compounds called furanocoumarins that make them (mildly) phototoxic. So be careful with grapefruit peel oil, especially if it's in a product for daytime use.
We don't have description for this ingredient yet.
The essential oil coming from the rind of the mandarin orange also called tangerine. In general, the main component of citrus peel oils is limonene (80-97%), a super common fragrant ingredient that makes everything smell nice (but counts as a frequent skin sensitizer).
Other than that, citrus peel also contains the problematic compound called furanocoumarin that makes them mildly phototoxic. In general, the sweeter the citrus, the less it contains, so tangerine peel contains less of it than some other citruses (like bergamot or lime), but still, be careful with it especially if it is in a product for daytime use.
The essential oil coming from the sweet orange. In the case of orange (and citruses in general), the essential oil is mainly in the peel of the fruit, so it's pretty much the same as the orange peel oil (also has the same CAS number - a unique ID assigned to chemicals).
Its main component is limonene (up to 97%), a super common fragrant ingredient that makes everything smell nice (but counts as a frequent skin sensitizer).
|what‑it‑does||antimicrobial/antibacterial | solvent | viscosity controlling|
|what‑it‑does||skin brightening | anti-acne | soothing|
|what‑it‑does||anti-acne | soothing | buffering|
|what‑it‑does||exfoliant | anti-acne | soothing | preservative|
|what‑it‑does||cell-communicating ingredient | skin brightening | anti-acne | moisturizer/humectant|
|what‑it‑does||surfactant/cleansing | perfuming|
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://incidecoder.com/products/lv1-anti-maskne-spray
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The Hon’ble Supreme Court of India issued Standard Operating Procedure for physical hearing of matters. The SOP has came out after a 7-judge Committee suggested of the Court recommended resumption of physical hearings in a limited manner.
The SOP at very outset mentions that on an experimental basis, a pilot scheme will be initiated under which physical hearing of matters shall initially commence in three Court-rooms and eventually, number of matters or the number of Court-rooms may be increased or reduced, as the situation may warrant or permit. To practice Social Distancing, only a limited number of Advocates and parties in person shall be allowed to enter in the Courtroom at any given time and if the number of parties is more, then only one AOR and one Arguing Counsel per party will be allowed to enter.
It is mandatory to wear masks, frequently use hand sanitizer and adhering to physical distancing inside the court premises. A ‘Special Hearing Passes’ will be issued by the Registry for entry into High Security Zone on the basis of authorization by the concerned AOR and on the completion of hearing of their respective case, the Ld. Advocates/Parties-in-Person/Clerks, etc. shall move out of the High Security Zone through the movement corridor and exit from the designated gates, further volunteers will be present to provide guidance on turn-wise entry into the designated Court Room for hearing and the entry into and exit from each Court Room will be done by separate doors.
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<urn:uuid:17ba1ae1-899f-4759-96b2-e13e345deb96>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://primelegal.in/2020/08/31/sop-for-resumption-of-physical-hearing-issued-by-honble-supreme-court-of-india/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00473.warc.gz
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en
| 0.942447
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| 1.578125
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The excel screen is broken down into the following parts.
1. Floating Format Window - There are different windows that can be opened to modify your workbook.
2. Worksheet- An individual spreadsheet with rows and columns, and a chart.
3. Workbook - A file contains between 1 and 255 worksheets.
4. Tab/Dark Box - This marks the currently active cell.
5. Heading - Displays the column letter and row number.
6. Zoom Control - Controls the magnification of the screen.
7. F1/Help Symbol - Allow the user to ask for help.
8. Fx Bar - Displays the contents of the currently active cell
9. Sliding Bars- this allows you to move in the sheet.
10. Split Tab - Allow viewing of distant parts of the worksheet at the same time.
11. Ribbon - This is the ribbon that allows for modification of the sheet.
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<urn:uuid:df2b71de-43b5-4dda-a9df-816afd0a582c>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://excelbasics.webs.com/elements-of-the-excel-screen
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00473.warc.gz
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Many or all of the products featured here are from our partners who compensate us. This may influence which products we write about and where and how the product appears on a page. However, this does not influence our evaluations. Our opinions are our own. Here is a list of our partners and here's how we make money.
Taking a cat or kitten along on a commercial flight can seem like a straightforward idea, but the logistics can mount. You'll likely face additional costs, not to mention documentation requirements and other rules, which can vary depending on the airline.
With some research and preparation, both you and your kitty can fly safely and in comfort. The rules are much the same as when flying with a dog, but as with canines, you should still talk with your vet and your airline ahead of time.
Know your cat's travel options
In the cabin ...
If a pet in its carrier can fit under the seat in front of you, it typically can travel in the cabin. Generally, that means a pet weighing up to about 20 pounds — an easier hurdle to clear for cat owners than dog owners.
Under-seat space differs among airplanes, which often limit how many total pets are allowed on a flight. That's why you should check with the airline. Buying an extra seat for your cat isn't allowed. Traveling with a cat this way, essentially as carry-on luggage, usually costs less than if it travels in the belly of the plane. Note: A cat in its carrier counts as your allowed carry-on bag.
... Or as cargo
The other choice is flying your cat as cargo in a pressurized, temperature-controlled compartment. Cats can fly this way either as checked bags on the same aircraft as you, or unaccompanied as shipping cargo. There may be shipping timelines to consider if the cat travels as unaccompanied cargo, so check with your airline for details.
Some animal rights groups, including the Humane Society of the United States, recommend against traveling with your cat anywhere but the cabin if it can be avoided — and not all airlines allow cats to be transported as cargo.
You could also opt to use a pet shipping company. The International Pet and Animal Transportation Association may be able to help.
Understand the costs of each
Even though you can't buy an extra seat for your cat, you’ll still have to make a reservation for it.
Several of the biggest airlines in the U.S. charge $125 each way for an in-cabin cat. However, fees are somewhat less on other airlines, like Southwest Airlines ($95) and JetBlue ($100). Prices are from February 2018. Often, you pay the fee when you get to the airport on the day of flying.
Because your in-cabin cat counts as a carry-on, you might have to pay to check your roll-aboard bag.
Pets that fly as cargo often cost more — for example, $200 each way on American Airlines when cats are checked as luggage.
Other costs can include a pre-flight veterinary visit and buying a pet carrier.
Research health requirements, other rules
Have your veterinarian examine your cat to make sure it is healthy enough to fly by plane. If you’re checking your cat as cargo, note that some breeds are restricted by some airlines. For example, American Airlines doesn’t allow snub-nosed brachycephalic cats of any mix, such as Burmese, Persian and Himalayan, for fear of respiratory distress at high altitudes.
You might need to obtain a health certificate from a veterinarian several days before you fly, according to airline industry group Airlines for America.
There are various other rules and regulations to be aware of, depending on your airline. For instance, airlines may apply further restrictions no matter how the cat flies, whether cabin or cargo. United Airlines, for example, requires kittens to be at least 2 pounds or 10 weeks old. Check your airline's website to learn more.
Consider the carrier
Most airlines require that the carrier your cat rides in (sometimes called a crate or kennel) be large enough for your contained cat to stand up and turn around. But some airlines also have maximum size and occupancy limits, which they list on their websites.
Regardless, let your cat get used to its carrier before the flight. Airlines for America also suggests that you line the floor with bedding or absorbent material, that you add your contact information to the kennel, and that you indicate with arrows or writing which side should face up.
Flying internationally with your cat can be more complex and require more planning. Some airlines, like Southwest, don't let pets fly on international flights.
If your cat is allowed, you might need an international health certificate, and you must comply with the requirements of your destination country. The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service lists regulations by country.
If your cat is an emotional support animal
If your cat is an emotional support animal, you likely won't get any special treatment, and you'll likely still have to pay applicable pet fees. A 2021 policy update from the U.S. Department of Transportation, or DOT, says that emotional support animals are no longer considered service animals, and airlines aren't required to treat them as such.
That means if your cat is an emotional support animal and was previously allowed on airplanes, there's no guarantee it will still fly for free (and it likely won't fly for free). All the major U.S. airlines no longer recognize emotional support animals as service animals and now charge pet fees, which can range from $95-$125 or more one-way.
Tips for flight day
Arrive at the airport early on the day of your flight and check in at the ticket counter with your cat if it’s flying in the cabin. If it’s flying as cargo, check with your airline about where to drop it off, since the cargo location could be at a different airport terminal.
When going through airport security screening, the cat's carrier goes through the X-ray machine, while you leash your cat and carry or lead it through the metal detector. Consider membership in TSA PreCheck, which allows you to use quicker lines where you don't have to remove your shoes and light jacket.
Again, keep in mind that details of pet policies vary among airlines. It’s best to check directly with your airline when planning a trip to ensure you and your cat arrive at your destination safely.
Airline pet policies
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/travel/how-to-take-your-cat-on-a-plane
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en
| 0.950989
| 1,362
| 1.523438
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|
What is Assistive Technology?
With Your Side enabling a person-centred approach to care, we are also spreading our wings towards Assistive Technology to provide cutting-edge solutions for people living with a disability and their carers. Assistive technology provides practical solutions to everyday life activities that promote greater independence and safety for individuals.
Assistive technology is used as an umbrella term for both assistive products or devices and related services. The World Health Organisation defines assistive devices and technologies as ‘those whose primary purpose is to maintain or improve an individual’s functioning and independence to facilitate participation and enhance overall well-being.”
Mobility Equipment and Daily Living Aids
We know how important and life-changing this assistive technology can be in the lives of individuals living with disability and their carers. That’s why since the inception of the NDIS, we have partnered with Independent Living Specialists (ILS) to help our clients access various assistive technology products and services.
For example with mobility scooters from Independent Living Specialists, we will work with you to tailor a model to suit your needs, whether it be a compact travel scooter or a robust heavy duty mobility scooter for country areas or long distances. This Genie Plus Travel Mobility Scooter from ILS is perfect for someone who likes travel as it automatically folds and can fit into a hatchback plus is airline-friendly. We offer you flexible options for hiring/renting or buying to suit your needs.
Speech Recognition Software, Environment Modifications and Virtual Reality
Currently, we are also working to form other partnerships with a speech recognition software provider which will assist with linguistics for enabling people living with speech disorders.
Another breakthrough is our partnership with a provider of home modification products to make each living space and work environment suitable to disability needs. They offer, for example, height adjustable work tables, kitchen cabinets, and wardrobes which lower or raise with the touch of a button.
In addition to these technologies, we are strategically focusing on partnering with other providers in the virtual reality product space as we believe these will bring about a great change to people living with intellectual disability, mental health and palliative care.
Virtual reality makes it possible to alter perceptions, emotions and physiological states as part of exposure therapy for PTSD and anxiety disorders. With distraction and flooding sensory techniques we can create positive experiences in pain management, such as in palliative care. Virtual reality might also be used to enable a person with an intellectual disability to lead an independent life with virtual reality stimuli. It’s exciting to think of the possibilities of where VR might take us.
Apart from the NDIS, we also look forward to supporting our clients who access mental health respite and dementia information and training with the latest innovations using gaming technology and hardware platforms. Virtual reality experiences can offer perceptually realistic scenarios that can be observed in a therapy context and VR can provide experiences that increase self-compassion or empathy from an observer or care worker.
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<urn:uuid:550767d6-d6ef-4727-8dcb-a2f106bf476e>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://sector.yourside.org.au/services/assistive-technology/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00473.warc.gz
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en
| 0.926185
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|
Expression of the Bacillus subtilis trpEDCFBA operon has been shown to be regulated by transcription attenuation in response to the availability of L- tryptophan. Regulation is mediated by the tryptophan-activated trp RNA- binding attenuation protein, TRAP, the product of mtrB. Formation of mutually exclusive RNA antiterminator and terminator structures within trp leader RNA determines whether transcription will terminate in the leader region of the operon. Previous studies suggested that transcripts that escape termination are subject to translational regulation via the formation of a secondary structure that blocks ribosome access to the trpE ribosome-binding site. To assess the relative importance of these postulated events in trp operon regulation, we used site-directed mutagenesis to alter the putative elements involved in transcriptional and translational control. Using a trpE'-'lacZ reporter, we measured translational yield and specific mRNA levels with various leader constructs, in both mtrB+ and mtrB strains, during growth in the presence and absence of excess tryptophan. To verify that the altered regulatory regions behaved as expected, we carried out in vitro transcription assays with the wild-type and altered leader region templates and performed oligonucleotide competition assays with an oligonucleotide complementary to a segment of the transcription terminator. Our results establish that binding of TRAP to leader RNA regulates of transcription termination in the trp operon over about an 88-fold range and regulates translation of trpE over about a 13-fold range. The roles played by different trp leader RNA segments in mediating transcriptional and translational regulation are documented by our findings.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Molecular Biology
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<urn:uuid:9eb2e864-a7e6-4a4e-916c-2cd2ac73ad14>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://pennstate.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/trp-rna-binding-attenuation-protein-trap-trp-leader-rna-interacti
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00473.warc.gz
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en
| 0.896114
| 374
| 1.820313
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“I care about you. Do you care about me?”
A little boy has a ball. It’s his, and he really doesn’t care if nobody else has a ball. He’s not sharing.
He’s not sharing his pets either. Or his family. Especially not his brother.
But then he realizes that both he and the new little girl he meets–the one who’s all alone without a ball or a pet or a family of her own–are actually quite similar. And when he sees their similarities instead of their differences, he’s happy to share. Even his little brother.
With gentle text from Tami Lewis Brown and sweet illustrations from Tania de Regil, this poignant and touching picture book challenges each and every one of us to lend a helping hand. Because we really should care.
Reviews & Accolades
“We Really Do Care is a song for our times, and a beautiful read about empathy to share with your kids.” – Kiara Koenig
“We Really Do Care is a fantastic way to teach empathy not just to kids but the adults who’d probably read it. Showcasing different marginalized kids while using a colorful palette with dynamic poses and with a prose that’s accessible and emphatic in the message against selfishness and pro-acceptance.” – GoodReads
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<urn:uuid:9257a373-cdb9-47a3-8fc1-c35d14eba4e1>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://tamilewisbrown.com/books/we-really-do-care/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00473.warc.gz
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| 0.947778
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ITER (initially the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, iter meaning "the way" or "the path" in Latin) is an international nuclear fusion research and engineering megaproject aimed at replicating the fusion processes of the Sun to create energy on the Earth. Upon completion of construction of the main reactor and first plasma, planned for late 2025, it will be the world's largest magnetic confinement plasma physics experiment and the largest experimental tokamak nuclear fusion reactor. It is being built next to the Cadarache facility in southern France. ITER will be the largest of more than 100 fusion reactors built since the 1950s, with ten times the plasma volume of any other tokamak operating today.
The long-term goal of fusion research is to generate electricity. ITER's stated purpose is scientific research, and technology demonstration of a large fusion reactor, without electricity generation. ITERs goals are: to achieve enough fusion to produce 10 times as much thermal output power as thermal power absorbed by the plasma for short time periods; to demonstrate and test technologies that would be needed to operate a fusion power plant including cryogenics, heating, control and diagnostics systems, plus remote maintenance; to achieve and learn from a burning plasma; to test tritium breeding; and to demonstrate the safety of a fusion plant.
ITER's thermonuclear fusion reactor will use over 300MW of electrical power to cause the plasma to absorb 50 MW of thermal power, creating 500 MW of heat from fusion for periods of 400 to 600 seconds. This would mean a ten-fold gain of plasma heating power (Q), as measured by heating input to thermal output, or Q ≥ 10. As of 2021, the record for energy production using nuclear fusion is held by the National Ignition Facility reactor, which achieved a Q of 0.70 in August 2021. Beyond just heating the plasma, the total electricity consumed by the reactor and facilities will range from 110 MW up to 620 MW peak for 30-second periods during plasma operation. As a research reactor, the heat energy generated will not be converted to electricity, but simply vented.
ITER is funded and run by seven member parties: China, the European Union, India, Japan, Russia, South Korea and the United States. The United Kingdom participates through EU's Fusion for Energy (F4E), Switzerland participates through Euratom and F4E, and the project has cooperation agreements with Australia, Canada, Kazakhstan and Thailand.
Construction of the ITER complex started in 2013, and assembly of the tokamak began in 2020. The initial budget was close to €6 billion, but the total price of construction and operations is projected to be from €18 to €22 billion; other estimates place the total cost between $45 billion and $65 billion, though these figures are disputed by ITER. Regardless of the final cost, ITER has already been described as the most expensive science experiment of all time, the most complicated engineering project in human history, and one of the most ambitious human collaborations since the development of the International Space Station (€100 billion budget) and the Large Hadron Collider (€7.5 billion budget).
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<urn:uuid:b96e37c4-0a4f-4d16-b0d2-0e74f4fa6bcc>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.yizuo-media.com/yizuo/show/detail/eyJpdiI6IllMWWVcL0FZd2pDZDIzRGJXY2xkc2VBPT0iLCJ2YWx1ZSI6IjMwekdETkc2Y3FGWFZtUmZIYVNZTGc9PSIsIm1hYyI6ImE4YTQ4NGUwYzg4YWVhNTg3MzdhYzMzNDU3OWUwYjNjYTU2MjQ1NjQ3ZjJjOGVmYzk0OTZmMDNiNmJhMWUyNDMifQ==/english_en
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00473.warc.gz
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en
| 0.917868
| 712
| 3.59375
| 4
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S. BOIKOVSKI, N. STANCHEVA, G. STEFANOVA and D. DIMITROV
Agricultural Institute, BG-9700 Shumen, Bulgaria
BOIKOVSKI, S., N. STANCHEVA, G. STEFANOVA and D. DIMITROV, 2003. Influence of some factors on biological prolificacy in sheep from Newly Created Milk Sheep Breed. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 9: 391–395
Slight lineal differentiation and inbreeding depression were established in relation to biological prolificacy at earlier age (at 1st yeaning) in sheep originating from full siblings. The low values of heritability coefficients of biological prolificacy in sheep from the Newly Created Milk Sheep Breed showed that selection on this trait would be slightly efficient. The trait was likely to be increased only by introducing genetic variability of high prolificacy from a different breed. There was well-expressed linkage between the high prolificacy at 1st and 2nd yeaning in ewes from the Newly Created Milk Sheep Breed.
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<urn:uuid:3304be0d-8188-4c49-89d9-6818fbd2978f>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.agrojournal.org/09/918.htm
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00473.warc.gz
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en
| 0.92043
| 226
| 1.6875
| 2
|
« PreviousContinue »
LXXXIII. He convokes the Congress, at the time appointed by the Constitution, or extraordinarily, when important circumstances demand it.
LXXXIV. He opens the Sessions, annually, both Chambers being assembled for the purpose in the Hall of the Senate, and informs them on this occasion, of the political state of the Nation, and of the improvements and reforms which he may deem worthy of their attention.
LXXXV. He issues the necessary orders, for the Elections of the Senators and Representatives at the proper time, and conformably to Law, and gives an account to Congress of any abuses which be may observe in them.
LXXXVI. He is the Supreme Chief of the Land and Sea Forces, and is exclusively charged with the direction of them in Peace or in War, but he cannot command the Army in person without the special permission of Congress, given by a majority of two-thirds of each Chamber.
LXXXVII. He provides for the internal and external security of the State.
LXXXVII. He declares War and Peace, and takes upon himself the necessary measures preparatory thereto.
LXXXIX. He concludes Treaties of Peace, Friendship, Alliance, Commerce, or any others, but he caunot ratify them without the ap probation and consent of the Senate. In the case of any stipulation for the cession of any part of the Territory, or for any pecuniary burthens upon the Nation, it must be with the conseut of both Chambers, and with a majority of two-thirds of the votes.
Xc. He appoints and removes the Ministers, Secretaries of State, and of general Despatch.
XCI. He also appoints Ambassadors, Ministers Plenipotentiary, Envoys, Consuls General, and other Agents, with the appprobation of the Senate.
XCII. In cases of urgency, if the Senate be not sitting, he may make the necessary appointments of the Officers mentioned in the preceding Article, obtaining its sanction immediately on its assembling again. 40. XCIII. He receives, according to the established forms, the Minis ters and Agents of Foreign Nations.
XCIV. He issues Letters of Citizenship, in conformity with the forms and qualifications required by Law.
XCV. He exercises the general patronage with respect to Churches, and Benefices, and Ecclesiastical Persons, couformably to the Lars He nominates the Archbishops and Bishops from 3 Candidates proposed by the Senate.
XCVI. All objects and branches of Finance and Police, and scien tifie, and every other description of Publiek, and National Establishments, shall be formed and supported by the funds of the States the Mints, National Banks, Post Offices, Posts, and Roads, are under the supreme inspection of the President of the Republick, subject to the Laws and Ordinances which regulate them, or which may be hereafter passed by the Legislature.
XCVII. He appoints to all Offices which are not reserved by this Constitution.
XCVIII. He can require of the heads of every branch and Department of the Administration, and through them of every other Officer, such information as he may want, and which they are bound to provide.
XCIX. He may commute capital punishments to Criminals, on the previous report of the Tribunal, or Judge of the Cause, upon grave and powerful considerations; but not in the case of crimes excepted by the Law.
C. He decides in conformity with the Statutes, in the Councils held in the Cases provided for, upon the sentences pronounced by Military Tribunals.
CI. He shall receive for his services, the salary established by Law, which shall neither be diminished nor augmented during his continuance in office.
CHAPTER IV. Of the Ministers-Secretaries. CII. Five Ministers-Secretaries, viz: of the Department of Government, of Foreign Affairs, of War, of Marine, and of Finance, shall have charge of the despatch of the affairs of the Republick, and shall authorize the Resolutions of the President, without which requisite they shall not have effect.
CIII. The President may, in case of emergency, entrust one Minister with the charge of two Departments.
CIV. The 5 Ministers-Secretaries form the Council of Government, who shall assist the President with their advice, respecting grave and important matters. ::: CV. The President shall hear the opinions of the Council, without being obliged to conform thereto in the Resolutions which he may think fit to take.
CVI. In cases of responsibility, the Ministers are not exempt therefrom, even with the consent or signature of the President of the Republick.
CVII. The Ministers cannot in any case take any measures, without the previous order or consent of the President of the Republick, except in matters immediately belonging to their own respective Department.
CVIII. They cannot become Deputies or Senators without resigning their Office of Minister.
| CIX. They shall have a salary assigned them by Law, which shall neither be augmented nor diminished during their contitiuance in Office. Sist oli yngri
so sal wé
Bu, bir tavit mit : 71 SEOTION VI. ost.
Dibents Belst all!!!! OF THE JUDICIAL Power.* 2.308,1191 eis toe Laboy 3:10ML
* Pricely s bild CHAPTER 1.-Of the Supreme Court of Justice.usi tau bras 91 CX. The Judicial Power of the Republick shall be exercised by the High Court of Justice, by superior Tribunals, and other Courts esta blished by Law. ... Hi UK) pilus, l. [" HII
CXI. A Court of Justice, composed of 9 Judges, and 2. Fiscals, shall exercise the Supreme Judicial Power... 3 til
CXII. No one can be a Member of this Court, who is not an Ad. vocate of 8 Years' practice, 40 Years of age, and does' not possess the qualifications prescribed in this Constitution for a Senator. 21
CXIII. The President, and the other Members of the High Court of Justice, shall be named by the President of the Republick, with the knowledge and consent of the Senate. , itin'l fans odos ir va
...CXIV. On the first installation of this Court, the Members appointed shall take an Oath before the President of the Republick, to fulfil their duties, and well and legally, to administer justice. Hereafter the Oath shall be taken before the President of the same Court. in 17.01
CXV. The President of the High Court of Justice shall hold his Office for 5 Years, but all its Members shall continue in their employment, during good behaviour, and cannot be removed but by judiciał proceedings, and a legal sentence. . .
CXVI. The Members of the High Court of Justice cannot be Senators, or Representatives, without resigning their Offices, neither can they be employed in any other capacity by the President of the Republick, without the knowledge and approbation of the Court.
CXVII. The High Court of Justice shall name its Officers, in the number and form which the Law may determine.
CXVIII. It shall take cognizance, originally and exclusively; of all matters in which a Province may be one Party, or which may arise between two Provinces, or Towns, of the same Province, concerning limits, and other doubtful rights, brought forward in such manner as that a formal decision may be pronounced.
cxix. Of questions which may arise concerning Contracts, or transactions of the Executive Power, or of the Agents under its immediate direction.
5:1 win! 4. CXX. Of the Causes of all Publick Functionaries, of which Articles XIX. XXVII. XXVIII. and XXIX. treat, and in the Cases therein mentioned,
CXXI. Of those which relate to Ambassadors, Ministers Plenipo tentiary, Envoys, Consuls, and Diplomatick Agents, from Foreign Courts.
I'VE) OLX.) CXXIL. In order to take cognizance of the matters which, in the preceding Articles, belong in the first instance to the High Court of
Justice, it shall be divided into 2 Chambers: the first, composed of 3 of its Members, shall take cognizance thereof in the first instance; and the other, composed of the 6 remaining Members, in the second and last instance.
CXXII. It shall have the ultimate cognizance of all Appeals referred to it by the Inferior Courts, in the cases and forms which the Law designates, in Admiralty Causes, in all disputed matters of Finance, and in crimes committed against the publick Law of Nations.
CXXIV. It shall decide upon all differences which may arise between the other Supreme Tribunals of the Nation.
CXXV. It shall examine the Pontifical Briefs, and Bulls, and shall present its opinion, with respect to their admission or retention, to the Executive Power.
CXXVI. It shall take cognizance of Appeals of violence from the superior Ecclesiastical Tribunals of the Capital.
CXXVII. It shall inform the Legislative Body, from time to time, of every thing which it may judge conducive to the improvement of the administration of justice, and shall represent to the same, the doubts which the inferior Tribunals may submit, as to the right understanding of the Laws.
CXXVIII. The Judgments of the High Court of Justice, and its definitive Acts, shall be publick.
CXXIX. Its Members shall receive a salary, which shall not be diminished while they continue in Office.
CHAPTER 1.-Of the Governors. CXXX. There shall be a Governor in each Province, who shall act under the immediate direction of the President of the Republick. zei CXXXI. He must be 30 Years of
possess the qualifications required for a Senator. -- CXXXII. The President shall select the Governors of the Provinces from 3 Persons proposed by the respective Councils of Admi. nistration. • CXXXIII. They are charged with the execution of the general Laws enacted by the National Legislature, of the Decrees of the President of the Republick, and of the particular Regulations of the Councils of Administration.
CXXXIV. It is their duty to fill up, in such form as the Councils of Administration establish, all Offices paid by the funds of the respectives Provinces...87.,
CXXXV. The Governors shall continue in the exercise of their fandtions for 3 Years, and cannot be immediately re-elected in the same Province. He is ct garis be li per
CXXXVI. They shall have a salary, which shall be fixed by Law.
CHAPTER 11.-Of the Supreme Tribunals of Justice. CXXXVII. Superior Tribunals of Justice shall be established in the Capitals of the Provinces, as the Legislature may judge convenient, according to the advantages of their geographical position, population, and other circumstances.
CXXXVIII. They shall take cognizance of Appeals from the Tribunals of First Instance, and of other matters which belong to them by Law, not only of the Territory of the Province where they are established, but of others which the Law may declare within their jurisdiction.
CXXXIX. The Superior Tribunals shall be composed of Advocates, named by the President of the Republick, and selected from 3 Candidates to be proposed by the High Court of Justice. Their number shall be fixed by Law.
CHAPTER III.--Of the Councils of Administration. --- CXL. In each Capital of a Province, there shall be formed a Council of Administration, which, watching over its prosperity, may promote its particular interests.
CXLI. The pumber of Persons who shall compose the said Councils cannot be less than 7, nor more than 15. The Legislature shall fix the number in each Capital, taking into consideration the Population and other political circumstances of the Province.
CXLII. The Members of the Councils of Internal Administration shall be popularly elected by direct nomination, in the same manner and under the same forms, as the National Representatives.
CXLIII. All that relates to the promotion of the prosperity and improvement of the Provinces, and their interior Police, to Primary Education, Publick Works, or any other Establishments, formed and supported by their own resources, shall be regulated by the Councils of Administration.
CXLIV. They shall create the Offices which may be necessary for the good government of each Province, and shall regulate the forms to be observed in the maintenance of them.
CXLV. The Councils of Administration shall fix, annually, the estimate of the expences, which the internal service of the Provinces require.
CXLVI. The estimate, of which the last Article treats, shall be forwarded to the President of the Republick, in order that it may, with the general estimate of the expences which the Service of the State demands, be presented for the approbation of the National Legislature.
CXLVII., The Councils of Administration shall raise and regulate the collection of the necessary Revenues, to meet the expenses of the internal service of the Provinces.
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Of the Industry 4.0 technologies reshaping industry right now, new industrial robotics has some of the most significant potential to transform factory work.
However, not every deployment of new robots goes smoothly. There are significant challenges to adopting any new technology, and the complexity of cutting-edge robotics means there is serious room for error when deploying industrial robots.
These five considerations are crucial to keep in mind when planning to adopt and integrate industrial robotics.
Robots are typically dangerous. Moving parts, components like welders, and high levels of force can all pose serious safety risks to workers, especially without the proper precautions.
If a robot will be in close contact with workers, you should consider the safety measures you’ll need in place to keep workers safe. When investigating potential options, you may also want to see which safety features a robot manufacturer can offer, as well as the amount of space and the workflows you’ll need for workers to operate a robot safely.
In facilities where space is at a premium, for example, smaller robots with low-profile footprints may be both cost-effective and safer.
You may also invest in robots that come equipped with safety features, or models specially designed to operate close to human workers.
For example, many new collaborative robots (cobots) are designed with features — like force limiters and padding around sharp edges — that make them safer to work around. However, even these cobots can pose serious safety risks and will require specific safety practices.
Power Consumption and Energy Efficiency
Industrial facilities consume significant amounts of energy. Adding additional automated technology, like robotics platforms, can further drive up a facility’s spending on power.
Before committing to a platform, be sure to consider the amount of power it will consume. In many cases, you may find that a comparable robot or system provides the same features and uses less power.
You should also ensure any new infrastructure used to support your robots meets important energy-efficiency regulations. For example, you’ll want to make sure any newly installed transformers meet the DOE standards on transformer energy efficiency. This will help your facility keep energy costs as low as possible and avoid potential fines.
Some robot platforms are more complex than others. This means they may require more technical investment to set up and maintain.
Before committing to a new robot, be sure you know how difficult the system will be to maintain and if current facility technicians are ready to handle the operation and maintenance of the system.
For any new robot a facility purchases, there should be a plan to maintain it. This plan should include a maintenance strategy for the physical components of the robot plus any digital or cloud platforms that support it.
When developing a maintenance strategy, you may also want to consider the new maintenance strategies enabled by Industry 4.0 tech. With the right platform and combination of IoT sensors, for example, you can implement a predictive maintenance strategy. This uses data on machine performance to predict failure and catch issues earlier.
Every internet-connected device in a facility is another opportunity for hackers to break into a facility’s network. If not properly secured, a new robot platform can create serious cybersecurity risks.
Best practices, like endpoint security and the adoption of industry standards for automation platform cybersecurity, can help keep a facility safe.
However, it’s also important to consider native cybersecurity features and identify which platforms or robots may be less vulnerable to a cyberattack than others. In the same way that facility managers want a robot that meets production needs, they should also make sure any robot purchase has cybersecurity features that make site security easier and more practical.
Key Considerations for New Industry Robots
Robotics can offer major benefits for any facility — but managers should be careful when sourcing or deploying a new platform. Issues like robot safety, energy consumption, and cybersecurity can all be much easier to handle with the right choice of robot.
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Serves 9. Get it? Brady Bunch-Brainy Bunch; 9 key characters-9 ingredients & serves 9… Stinkin’ ingenious, I know! Each of the ingredients in this recipe are known for their benefits in boosting brain function. Healthy fats, amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, especially those B vitamins! Great for school-bound kiddos!
1 cup Pumpkin Seeds, coarsely chopped
1 cup Walnuts, coarsely chopped
½ cup Old-Fashioned Oatmeal
½ cup Dried Blueberries, coarsely chopped
½ cup Dried Cranberries, coarsely chopped
¼ cup Hemp Hearts
2 tbsp Chia Seeds, ground
2 tbsp Flax Seeds, ground
6 Tbsp Royal Jelly or Honey, reserved
Place all ingredients in a medium mixing bowl and stir to combine. Add royal jelly/honey and stir until evenly dispersed. Alternatively, you can throw all dry ingredients in a food processor and pulse to desired consistency. Add the honey and pulse to combine.
Line a square baking pan or 9×7 casserole dish with saran or wax paper. Pour mixture in and spread with spatula or large spoon to get it somewhat level. Cover with another piece of saran or wax paper and press mixture down as tightly as you can.
Uncover and refrigerate for 1-2 hours to allow mixture to set up. Gently remove from pan and cut into 9 squares or bars. Place on a plate or tray so there’s room for a gap. Refrigerate uncovered overnight to allow the bars to set up.
For convenience, you may individually wrap these for a sort of “grab-n-go” breakfast. Or, you can just store them in one sealable container, being mindful that you keep them separated so they don’t stick together. Should keep in refrigerator for up to 10 days.
Note: While the fats and sugars in this recipe are all good sources, stick to one at a time. Each serving is roughly 300 calories & 18 grams of fat. I don’t count calories but I did tally this one for your convenience as it is mostly nuts and seeds.
One is a meal, so don’t go nuts with it. These are good-sized bars but may not seem like a whole lot to someone just starting out. Yet, they are very dense and chock full of energy. The added chia and flax also help to make it very filling! This would be good to pair with a juice or something very light for breakfast. Obviously, you could also cut these into 12 servings to reduce portion size and thereby reduce calorie/fat intake for each serving.
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Architecting for the Future At Kenzan, we often work with large, consumer-facing companies whose customers are demanding richer, more interactive, and friendlier experiences on all of their devices. As trends in software architecture evolve to adjust to these expectations, organizations need to create applications that are both highly available and highly scalable. We’ve been building…
Architecting for the Future
At Kenzan, we often work with large, consumer-facing companies whose customers are demanding richer, more interactive, and friendlier experiences on all of their devices. As trends in software architecture evolve to adjust to these expectations, organizations need to create applications that are both highly available and highly scalable.
We’ve been building web applications with microservices for a while now and have found they’re easy to manage, can be scaled independently or across servers, and offer flexibility to quickly deliver features.
In this blog series, we’ll look at how you can architect for the future using microservices, some of the challenges you may face along the way, and strategies for mitigating these challenges.
What Are Microservices?
Microservices have been around for a few years, but you may not have encountered them yet.
In a traditional architecture, all functionality resides in a single, monolithic server-side application. This makes it easier for one developer to understand the whole system or run it locally, but it can quickly lead to issues as the application grows in size.
In a microservices architecture, functionality is distributed across small, self-contained, modular services that communicate with one another over the network.
What Are the Advantages?
Adopting a microservices architecture brings a lot of benefits – let’s check them out.
Up and Running Today
High availability and uptime are two big selling points for microservices. That’s because they allow for smaller components or services to be upgraded without risk of taking down an entire system.
Imagine a customer-facing application that has one monolith for all services, including account information, identity data, and login portals. Maintaining and deploying updates to just one of those services means you’re at risk of bringing down the entire application if there’s an issue. With microservices, if one service goes offline, the rest of the application doesn’t have to go down with it.
Scale to Meet the Future
The first thought that comes to mind when talking about scale is the amount of load a system can handle before falling down. But that’s not the only type of scale to consider when you’re building a microservice. When you’re dealing with big data, a microservices architecture lends itself to scale for velocity (number of active users on a given system) and for volume (how much data you have). With microservices, you can scale your applications just at the point of demand. You don’t have to scale everything together. For example, edge services that communicate directly with web clients often have higher load requirements than back end services, especially if caching strategies are used to reduce communication with the back end.
Microservices can also help scale your organization along with your application. Using microservices allows for distributing development teams more efficiently. Complex backend systems can be built faster by dividing workloads into multiple small teams, with each team responsible for a given set of microservices. Clear domain ownership means you always know which team to go to when there’s a problem with a microservice. Likewise, teams are empowered to operate and deploy independently at a delivery cadence that makes sense for them rather than coordinating large releases across many teams.
Every Service For Itself!
Let’s look at our imaginary monolithic application again. The many features of this application share resources like CPU, memory, network latency, and I/O, and as a result could easily overwhelm these resources, causing all the services to suffer. In a microservices architecture, many of these resources are isolated to the individual service and can be optimized more easily. Through containerization with frameworks like Docker, or serverless solutions like AWS Lambda and API Gateway, resource isolation is a much more cost-efficient practice in microservices. Services scale according to their own needs rather than to the needs of the busiest component.
Use of common protocols like HTTP, and standard interfaces like REST for communication with other services, allows microservices to be technology agnostic. Teams can choose to build microservices in the language they are most comfortable developing in. Having a microservice stack including both Node.js and Java applications is becoming more common. This lets organizations tap into a wider range of skillsets. (Choose technologies wisely, though, as some may not play nicely with other technologies in the microservice stack.)
What Are the Challenges?
Knowing why you should build a microservice is only half the battle. Knowing when to (or when not to) build one can be a trickier question. Every engagement is different, and there’s no one size fits all. Here are some of the key factors to consider:
- Infrastructure – Adopting a microservice stack can require a bit of scaffolding to get up and running. Considerations such as infrastructure requirements, deployment strategies, monitoring, and configuration management come into play when building a custom microservices solution. Platform-as-a-Service products like Amazon’s Elastic Beanstalk can reduce the time required to develop a microservice platform, and they streamline the process of developers deploying code.
- Code Compatibility – Microservices can suffer from code compatibility issues like monoliths can, but the single codebase nature of a monolith does allow code compatibility issues to be caught at compile time. In contrast, changing the interface of a microservice may go unnoticed until another microservice breaks after deployment. Maintaining API Contract Tests is a good way to ensure consistency of a microservice’s external API and avoid unintentional changes.
- Shared Libraries – There will be many microservices doing similar things, and it often becomes apparent to put common patterns into libraries to be shared with other teams. Sharing code with other teams is like sharing open source code on GitHub. The code must be useful enough to share and intended to accept contributions from other teams.
- Coding Practices – Many different teams working in siloed environments can result in vastly diverged coding practices. Whether or not this is an issue can be left to the discretion of the organization and their development culture, but establishing company-wide standards and periodic discussions of new patterns can help keep teams in sync.
Finally, microservices aren’t right for every application, like those with a limited scope, a small number of users, or a single data repository.
When applied to the right problems, microservices are a flexible solution that many companies are adopting to architect for the future. Given the complexities, you might decide to have an experienced guide on your journey.
In our next post, we’ll talk about how to put microservices to work to solve challenges now and prepare for future needs.
Have a question about building and implementing microservices at your company? Email us at firstname.lastname@example.org
Darren Bathgate is a technical architect at Kenzan/ Over the course of his 5+ years at Kenzan, Darren has worked extensively with Java, MySQL, PHP, Cassandra, Node.js, oracle, Jenkins, Netflix OSS and Docker.
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– Russia Ordered to Pay Compensation for Murdering Ingushetia Residents
The Strasbourg-based European Court of Human Rights on January 17 ordered Russia to pay 109,150 euros (around $160,000) in damages and court costs to seven relatives of two residents of Ingushetia, Khalid Khatsiyev and Kazbek Akiyev, who were killed by gunfire from Russian military helicopters in Ingushetia in August 2000. According to Srji.org, the website of the Russian Justice Initiative, the Dutch-registered organization that represented the two victims’ relatives, the incident took place on August 6, 2000, after two military helicopters fired a non-guided missile at a group of men working in fields on the hills surrounding the village of Arshty. When the missile exploded, the workers ran to their cars and drove down the hill, after which the helicopters disappeared. However, as the men were driving home for lunch a short time later, the helicopters reappeared and attacked the car with automatic gunfire, killing Khalid Khatsiyev and Kazbek Akiyev. In its submissions to the Court, the Russian government did not deny the killings, but claimed the men were armed and had attempted to drive away from the helicopters despite several warning shots. The case is the first in which the Russian government has been found guilty of the deaths of citizens in Ingushetia.
– Chechen Prosecutor Wants British NGO Office Closed
Kommersant reported on January 15 that Chechnya’s chief prosecutor, Valery Kuznetsov, has asked Russia’s Supreme Court to order the closure of the Grozny office of the Center for Peacemaking and Community Development, a British non-governmental organization, for alleged tax and accreditation violations. The chairman of the Memorial human rights group, Oleg Orlov, told a Moscow press conference on January 15 that the move against the British NGO was politically motivated. “It’s completely obvious why they are being closed down—political games surrounding the aggravation of relations between Russia and Britain,” Kavkazky Uzel quoted Orlov as saying. “It is known why: the non-extradition of [Chechen separatist emissary Akhmed] Zakaev, the murder of [dissident Russian security service officer Alexander] Litvinenko and so on. Now the [Russian] authorities are recouping their losses at the expense of humanitarian organizations that are to the benefit of Russian citizens. It’s terrible.”
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"An introduction to women's and men's gymnastics events held at the summer Olympics, including the floor exercise, vault, balance beam, parallel bars, and more. Also explains rules, records, and famous Olympic gymnasts"--Provided by publisher.
- 1 of 1 copy available at OWWL.
Current holds0 current holds with 1 total copy.
|Location||Call Number /
|Warsaw Public Library||J 796.41 GIF (Text)
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Dublin City Council (DCC) wants to introduce 30km/h speed zones on the Long Mile Road, Sliabh Bloom Park and Chapelizod Road when children are entering and leaving schools. At all other times the limit will remain at 50km/h. Members of the public are being asked for their say and all of the proposals will be put before the councils transport committee according to Shane Hickey of Independent.ie.
According to Aoife Anderson of the Independent.ie , City Councillor Andrew Montague (Lab) was the architect of the 30km/h zones. The current limit applies to all roads within the area extending from Bolton Street on the north side to Kevin Street on the south side, and from Church Street and Bridge Street on the west of the city centre to Gardiner Street and Dawson Street in the east. Aoife drove the route after there was mixed views as to whether a “green wave” was created allowing those travelling at 30km/h to be given green light priority. It didn’t work for her. Is it working for you?
DCC claims 45% of pedestrians are killed when hit by a vehicle travelling at 50km/h, but this reduces to 5% when the vehicle is moving at 30km/h. The RSA claim that at 30km/h one in ten pedestrians will die and at 50km/h one five will die. Therefore the motive to change the limit seems valid.
However, I do have concerns. In the UK the British Medical Journal published a paper about the effectiveness of 20 mph traffic zones in London.
Results: The introduction of 20 mph zones was associated with a 41.9% (95% confidence interval 36.0% to 47.8%) reduction in road casualties, after adjustment for underlying time trends. The percentage reduction was greatest in younger children and greater for the category of killed or seriously injured casualties than for minor injuries. There was no evidence of casualty migration to areas adjacent to 20 mph zones, where casualties also fell slightly by an average of 8.0% (4.4% to 11.5%).
Conclusions: 20 mph zones are effective measures for reducing road injuries and deaths.
Where is our study for Dublin? Surely we should measure the effectiveness of the 30 km/h from its implementation to date before extending it to more areas. Can we see any changes? Were the locations chosen correct? Why introduce the new limit for just the Longmile Road, Sliabh Bloom Park and Chapelozid? There are more schools in other areas.
I have a three year old daughter and they do run out in front of cars (stupidly). We certainly have a need to protect them. I have a real concern over variable speed limits though. Legally can they be enforced?
Dublin City Council is revising the Dublin City Council Special Speed Limit Bye-Laws 2009 which were made pursuant to the provisions of Section 9 of the Road Traffic Act 2004. It is proposed to make new Bye-Laws to provide for variable speed limits at Long Mile Road, Slievebloom Park and Chapelizod Road at selected restricted times.
Dynamic speed limits might be something we need to look at into the future. Perhaps they could change with weather conditions? It opens up a new can of worms.
Copies of the proposed Bye-Laws are available free of charge at the above office, tel: 01 222 2251, and may also be viewed below
Dublin City Council will consider submissions made in relation to the proposed Bye-Laws. Such submissions must be made in writing to the Executive Manager, Roads and Traffic Department, at the above address and received before 4.30 p.m. on 5th July, 2010
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The Silence on ‘Reservations in Promotions’ in a caste-based social polity
In a landmark judgement by the Supreme Court of India, Justices Chalameswar and Sikri have held that:
“to carry out promotions from Scale-I upwards upto Scale-VI, reservation in promotion in favour of SC/ST employees has to be given”
in the Chairman and Managing Director of Central Bank of India & Ors v. Central Bank of India SC/ST Employees Welfare Association & Ors.
Why am I impelled to write this essay?
Simple, because no one else seems to have noticed or bothered to report this crucial judgement – on a day that there were no other groundbreaking sensational news that day (9th January 2015) that the corporate media needed to hound. Though legal portals have reproduced the judgement on their websites, its not more than a mechanical chore that they do to ensure virtual footprints on their websites.
Let me clarify that this is not a case analysis, but I am trying to address a larger question here – the question of how institutions of governance, media and society perceive the right to reservations and importance of diversity in a caste-based social polity like India.
“What To Talk of Adequate Representation…?”
The Indian Judiciary following its colonial lineage has always been tradition and ritual bound – caste and communal identity being extra, but important additives to its constitution. So unwritten rules – in other words judicial traditions have influenced appointments to the higher judiciary. An interesting story would be the elevation of Justice Hidayatullah. He refused the first offer of judgeship as it was offered on the vacancy of the lone Muslim seat in the bench, finally accepting judgeship and for the first time in its history the Supreme Court had two Muslim judges at the same time. The same unwritten code dictates the appointment of women and Dalits even today – something like the code of Omerta. In this context, the following observation of the court is extremely pertinent:
“it has gone by the spirit behind Articles 15 and 16 of the Constitution which are in the nature of affirmative actions that can be taken by the State in providing reservations for the socially and educationally backward people and that includes SC and ST classes. It has pointed out that Article 16(4) is specifically designed to give a due share in the State power to those who have remained out of it mainly on account of their social, educational, economic backwardness as reservation affords such classes of citizens a golden opportunity to serve the nation and thus gain security, status, comparative affluence and influence in decision making process. It was with this spirit in mind Clause 4A was inserted introducing an enabling provision for providing reservation in the matter of promotion as well. The High Court thereafter took note of the statistics that was placed on record to show the strength of SC/ST officers in various grades/scales/cadres in respect of UCO Bank as well as Central Bank of India and found that there was hardly any representation in the higher scales, what to talk of adequate representation (highlight author’s)”
Anyone who has been working on reservations or representations in Public Sector Undertakings, Public Universities or the Government institutions could tell us that this observation is not only true for UCO and Central Bank, but is prevalent across the board including higher Judiciary. A good indicator would be the annexures in George. H. Gadbois’ tome “Judges of the Supreme Court of India 1950-1989” – which clearly points out that there had not been a single woman judge till then (Justice Fatima Beevi was appointed that year, 1989) one Dalit Judge and no Adivasis (which holds true even now).
What happened at the level of Madras High Court
The reason for the digression into judicial politics is to further highlight the importance of the Justices’ observation in the above case. Let us get back to the case in hand for now and trace its background. The case started off with associations representing SC/ST employees of Central Bank of India and UCO bank seeking a writ of mandamus from the High Court of Madras for implementation of reservations in promotion in the light of Article 16 (4A) of the Constitution of India and the consequent Office Memorandum issued by the Government of India, the text of which is given below.
“No. 36012/18/95-Esst(Res.) Pt:II
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
Ministry of Personnel Public, Grievances and
Pensions, Department of Personnel and Training
North Block, New Delhi
Dated the 13th August, 1997
SUBJECT: RESERVATION FOR THE SCs/STs IN PROMOTION
The undersigned is directed to invite attention to this Department’s OM No. 36012/37/93-Esst. (SCT) dated 19.8.1993 clarifying that the Supreme Court had, in the Indira Sawhney case, permitted the reservation for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, in promotion, to continue for a period of five years from 16.11.1992.
2. Consequent to the Judgment in Indira Sawhney’s case the Constitution was amended by the Constitution (Seventy seventh Amendment) Act, 1995 and Article 16(4A) was incorporated in the Constitution. This article enables the State to provide for reservation in matters of promotion, in favour of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, which in the opinion of the State are not adequately represented in the Services under the State.
3. In pursuance of Article 16(4A), it has been decided to continue the Reservation in promotion as at present, for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in the services/posts under the Central Government beyond 15.11.1997 till such time as the representation of each of the above two categories in each cadre reaches the prescribed percentages of reservation whereafter, the reservation in promotion shall continue to maintain the representation to the extent of the prescribed percentages for the respective categories.
4. All Ministries/Department are requested to urgently bring these instructions to the notice of all their attached/subordinate offices as also the Public Sector Undertakings and Statutory Bodies etc.
This writ was dismissed by a single judge and the associations preferred an appeal that was decided by a division bench in their favour. While upholding the claims of the Association the division bench makes some interesting observations vis-a-vis the effectiveness of reservations in promotions in the instance of these two banks, the High Court tellingly observed that:
“22. ……A consolidated statement for the promotions from the year 1997 to 2008 in MMG:IIIIV:, SMG: IV-V; SMG V-VI; TMG VI-TMG VII would depict a bleak picture regarding the entire aspect since least or no presentation for SC/ST could be seen glaringly. As per these calculations for the total promotions of 20 posts, only one SC candidate got promotion in the year 2007 and for atotal promotions of 171, within these categories only nine SC candidates got promotion. In promotions effected for the years 1997 and 2002, respectively for 19 posts and six posts, no SC/ST candidate was offered promotion. In the year 1999, for a total number of 126 posts, only one SC candidate was given promotion. Likewise, for a whopping 308 numbered of promotions in the year 2006 a meager 36 candidates of SC/ST were promoted.”
With respect to the Central Bank of India and identically with respect to UCO bank;
“23. …….As per the scale wise representation of SC/ST officers as on 31.3.2008 in the UCO Bank, in Scale IV posts there is a short fall of 50 SC officers and 31 ST officers in Scale V posts, there is a short fall of 10 SC officers and 7 ST officers; in Scale VI, there is a short fall of 5 SC officers and 2 ST officers and in Scale VII posts, there is a short fall of 3 SC officers and one ST officer.”
The bank managements took resort to two tools, the first Office Memorandum No. 38012/6/83-East(SCT) dated 01-11-1990 issued by the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievance and Pensions (Department of Personnel and Training), Government of India clearly stating that there is no reservation within Group ‘A’ posts and the second, the age-old clichéd Brahminical argument that introduction of rule of reservation in promotion would reduce the efficiency of administration of Banks.
Why is this judgement important?
Let me start off with anecdotal narratives, with which I am more comfortable than with analysis. A close childhood friend of mine – some 6 years my senior – got into Electronics and Electrical Engineering at the Government College of Engineering, Salem, through the general quota at a time when the dot com boom had started. As soon as he finished his graduation, on principle, he wanted a government job rather than jump into the software bandwagon. And he got a job through reservation immediately after graduation with the Tamil Nadu Electricity Board. Reminiscent of Chinua Achebe’s classic novel “No Longer at Ease”, principled and straightforward, he was caught in the web of one of the most corrupt government agencies – where he was the only Assistant Engineer (entry level) who would not take bribes and initially also objected to his colleagues taking bribes.
He soon realized that he had to live in his cocoon. The colleagues were taunting him about his “privilege” of having got the job without paying bribes and insulting him by caste. The result was his being transferred within six months of every posting – his crime being a Dalit and honest – Dalits are not supposed to be honest (Ashis Nandy will vouch for that). Today he is an Executive Engineer (Thanks only to reservation in promotion), but is resigned to the fact that he is not expecting more than one promotion before he retires or opts for voluntary retirement.
I got to know of the judgement through a one line e-mail on a e-group, which did not give the cause title (name) or any other details relating to the case except for the name of Central Bank. As I wanted to find out more and being too lazy to go through the entire judgement, I googled to search for the judgement using different string of words, but with no luck – none of the media had carried it. So, I went to the Supreme Court website and searched through all the reported cases on 9th January 2015 to find this case. Out of curiosity, I once again googled with the cause title – and the only places where I found the case, were where it was reproduced in toto on legal websites.
In my opinion, the concept of the ceiling that the Supreme Court uses is contrary to the spirit of Article 16 (4A) and (4B) – particularly as the Office Memorandum on which the Court has relied is prior to the introduction of the above provisions. Nonetheless, it was an important judgement and what is jarring about it is not the critique of the judgement but the silence with which it was treated.
Let us do a reality check to figure out why this case is important. Through the history of this republic there has not been a single Dalit chief secretary, finance secretary, home secretary or RBI governor at the centre. I am sure the case must be more or less at the state level as well. The situation in PSUs and Public Universities are even worse.
The History of ‘Reservations in Promotions’
This calls for a slight legal historical detour on how Article 16 (4A) happened in the form that we see it today. The matter regarding reservations in promotions was considered in Indira Sawhney v. Union of India, which was a judgment rendered on 15-11-1992. The Court specifically held that the reservation under Article 16(4) of the Constitution of India is confined to initial appointment and cannot extend to reservation in the matters of promotion. In order to nullify the effect of the aforesaid judgement, the Constitution (Seventy-Seventh Amendment) Act was enacted with effect from 17-06-1995. Through this amendment, after Clause 4, Clause 4A was inserted in Article 16 of the Constitution, which was couched in the following language: “4A. Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for reservation in matters of promotion to any class or classes of posts in the services under the State in favour of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes which, in the opinion of the State, are not adequately represented in the services under the state.”
Following this amendment, a question relating to seniority in promotion arose before the Supreme Court in Union of India and Others etc. v. Virpal Singh Chauhan and Others as to whether a person in SC or ST category, who gets accelerated promotion because of reservation would also get consequential seniority in the higher post if he gets that promotion earlier than his senior in general category. The court held that an employee belonging to SC/ST category on promotion would not get consequential seniority and his seniority will be governed by the panel position.
This led to another Constitution amendment and the Parliament enacted the Constitution (Eighty-Fifth Amendment) Act, 2001 whereby Clause 4A of Article 16 was amended. The amended Clause 4A reads: “4A. Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for reservation in matters of promotion with consequential seniority to any class or classes of posts in the services under the State in favour of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes which, in the opinion of the State, are not adequately represented in the services under the State.”
The constitutional validity of this clause and clause 4B which was also inserted through the same amendment and reads; “(4B) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from considering any unfilled vacancies of a year which are reserved for being filled up in that year in accordance with any provision for reservation made under clause (4) or clause (4A) as a separate class of vacancies to be filled up in any succeeding year or years and such class of vacancies shall not be considered together with the vacancies of the year in which they are being filled up for determining the ceiling of fifty per cent reservation on total number of vacancies of that year” was challenged before the Supreme Court in M. Nagaraj and others v. Union of India and Others. The court upheld the constitutional validity of these provisions and held that these provisions flow from Article 16(4) and, therefore do not alter the structure of Article 16(4). Further, they do not obliterate any of the constitutional requirement, namely, ceiling limit of 50% (quantitative limitation), the concept of creamy layer (qualitative exclusion), the sub-classification between OBCs, on the one hand, and SCs/STs on the other hand, as held in Indira Sawhney. The Court, at the same time, made it clear that the ceiling limit of 50%, the concept of creamy layer and the compelling reasons, namely, backwardness, inadequacy of representation and overall administrative efficiency are the constitutional requirements without which the structure of equality of opportunity in Article 16 would collapse.
What happened at the level of the Supreme Court?
Coming back to the present case, the management’s contentions were faulty for two reasons; one the Official Memorandum (1990) that they were relying on was dated much before the Eighty Fifth Constitutional Amendment (2001) and Article 335 in the hierarchy of provisions of the Constitution of India is subject to Article 16, which is a fundamental right. The High Court saw through this and rightly opined that when the Constitution has given such extra protection to the under privileged communities so as to enjoy equal opportunities as guaranteed by the Constitution, the Banks are not justified in sleeping over the matter providing reservations in promotions for a decade with no good reasons to offer.
The Supreme Court was more conservative than the High Court – which had allowed blanket reservations in promotions – the former limited it up to Scale VII – as under the 1990 Office Memorandum INR 5000/- was the ceiling for reservations in promotion and computing the same under the fifth pay commission the basic ceiling would amount to INR 20800/- and this is achieved in Nationalised banks only when an officer reaches Scale VII. Nonetheless, the Supreme Court has held that till that scale promotion in reservation is mandatory.
In another case, A. Kiruba Shankar v. Registrar, Central Administrative Tribunal with a negative result on a similar issue (thanks to an affidavit that a lawyer friend sent me), it would be pertinent to quote from the ninth report on BSNL by the Parliamentary Committee on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (2010-2011);
“… The Committee are, however, surprised by the irresponsible reply of the ministry that since these cadre promotions are completely decentralised, as per practice no records in this connection are maintained in the BSNL (HQ) till date. The Ministry and the BSNL cannot escape from their responsibility and are equally accountable for what is happening in different circles/SSA to ensure that reservation orders for SC’s and STs as prescribed…”
The silence of course is not surprising. On the contrary, I would claim that it is deliberate – the palpable fear of projected margins exhibiting knowledge and strength of using the system – to show that they are not in the margins – that they have knowledge – which in the South Asian context is blasphemous. Even where this judgement was reported, it was reported in the negative totally misreading the judgement in Times of India and Economic Times – the headlines said that the Court “No Reservation in the Selection of Top Bankers” in the former and “Courts can’t ask states to provide quota in promotions” – then go on to say the Court has actually asked the concerned banks to provide reservations up to scale VII – further demonstrating the clear caste bias of the Corporate media.
I have ranted too long – that it might bore the reader. Nonetheless, despite my non-religiousness, I see this judgement and the silence around it as a portent – because on the same day that the judgement was passed, a senior Bank official with a Nationalised Bank had contacted me regarding taking on his employers who are desperately trying to throw him out through extra-legal methods by pressurizing him to resign. Now I am re-energized to take on his case despite all inconveniences that will cost me!
(Special thanks to Rajashree Gandhi for cleaning the copy and making it more readable)
Bobby Kunhu is a human rights activist and lawyer.
Cartoons by Unnamati Syama Sundar.
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How to Stop Female Constipation
Posted on Mar 1, 2011 by Paul White
The other day a friend was nagging me about how I don't drink enough water. Its normal for me to power through my day consuming Octane Energy Drinks, and coffee. And stopping for occasional snacks ( crackers with peanut butter and honey ). My body is the ultimate garbage disposal. I can eat absolute crap and I still take 1-2 poops every day. Forever my friend has assumed that this is just typical of being a guy, and that all women are doomed for a life of constipation and bloating. Well I think I just found a break through. So if you are female and suffer from constipation this article might help you loose the bloated tummy and get back into your skinny jeans.
What is Dehydration?
First of all forget what you think you know about dehydration. Most people think that if they are dehydrated they need to drink more water. Well this depends, but usually this is just plain wrong. Dehydration is not so much a lack of water, but more a imbalance of key electrolytes. When I talk about Electrolytes the first thing many people think of is Gatorade ( because of their marketing
). The problem is Gatorade only has a limted number of electrolytes. ( Sodium )
What are Electrolytes.
To be specific they are this
The misconceptions about Sodium
First of all Sodium has gotten a bad wrap. Women seem to believe that if they eat any sodium ( salt ) they will bloat up in a puffy creature doomed to spend their life alone and in sweat pants. Yes Sodium is bad, but only when you over consume it. You need Sodium in your diet. The worst thing you can do is stop eating foods with sodium, as this will quickly cause constipation.
Effects of too much Sodium
Your body is constantly trying to maintain an electrolyte balance in order for your own survival. If you eat too much sodium, your body will cause you to get thirsty, making you want to drink water. This water once in your body will dilute your body's sodium levels. Your body will hold this water as it needs it to maintain a balance. Naturally you will feel bloated because of the excess water your body is holding.
Effects of too little Sodium
However if you don't get enough sodium, your body's balance of electrolytes will get too low. In order for your body to get back into balance, it will remove water from your body( make you pee ). The problem is if you remove water from your body, you might no longer have enough water for bodily functions like pooping.
Many women who are dieting, will cut back sodium, eat very little food and then drink a dozen bottles of water every day. But without sodium your body can't store this water. So instead your body will make you pee to remove it. After a few days some of these women find themselves with an extended tummy, almost looking pregnant. They haven't taken a decent poop in days. Maybe a few marble size turds, but that is it. Naturally they will blame it on estrogen, or their monthly cycle.
10 years ago I worked as a bartender at a popular after-hours club in Omaha. Being the music was trance, we had a number of people who would arrive at the club while on Ecstasy. This drug would get them high, but it would also cause them to get thirsty. Even though it never happened at the club I worked, there are instances of kids on ecstasy who drink too much water and die from dehydration. How is this possible? Easy if a person who has been dancing and sweating ( loosing sodium through their sweat ), decides to drink a gallon of water in 5 minutes, this will lower their electrolyte balance. Unfortunately your body can't remove the excess water fast enough, and death can occur.
Bodybuilders are well aware of dehydration. Many times they are taking additional drugs to shed the excess water weight before competitions. There is no problem with shedding water weight if you are able to maintain your electrolyte balance. They will often supplement their diet with additional potassium in order to keep their
electrolyte balance in check. Else death can occur.
How to stop constipation in women
Track your sodium intake. For a 2000 calorie diet, the average person needs 2400mg of sodium. This is a lot. To put this into perspective, a can of Coke only has 45mg of sodium. Boxed Lipton Chicken Soup has about 500mg. My friend raised her sodium intake and now her bloated tummy is going away.
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Team: JMS Productions
Members: Mililani Manaoat, Savannah Rios, Jonathan Herrera Ramires, Julien Delgado
Our project is about the life experiences of adoption and how it impacts others.
Youth to middle age.
OBJECTIVE OF FILM
We want the audience to see how adoption is and how parents can help change a child's life.
Original music, voices, and animals.
From the beginning we will start with Millie being interviewed about what it was like before she was adopted, after she was adopted, and where she is now as a young adult. We will have interviews from her sister Mary as well regarding as well what it was like before being adopted, after she was adopted and where she is now. We will also interview their parents and learn what it was like to be foster parents and what kind of challenge it was to raise Millie and Mary not as their blood born children. Through statements made by Millie, Mary and their parents we will share the experiences of this family and how Millie and Mary were saved from a life threatening living situation.
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Everyday, the Federal Reserve puts new money into circulation, and takes old, damaged money out. The bills that look a little too worse-for-wear are deemed “unfit currency” and destroyed.
Each year, the Fed recycles $200 billion worth of currency, and 70% of the new cash it ordered to be printed for 2017 is being used to replace old money.
Banks will give excess and old money to the Federal Reserve; it’s then taken to cash offices around the United States, where it’s counted and sorted.
What makes money too unfit to use? According the Fed, bills that have holes larger than 19 millimeters, or about the size of an aspirin, can no longer be used. Bills that are torn, dirty, or worn out are also removed. And 5-, 10- and 20-dollar bills produced before 1996 are removed automatically because of their age, regardless of condition.
All of those bills are sent to shredders and made into some very expensive confetti. The Federal Reserve used to send the shredded cash to landfills, but now 90% of the money is recycled. It’s used to make compost, potting soil, housing insulation or cement. Recycling plants in Los Angeles, Philadelphia and Seattle burn the shredded currency to generate electricity.
Want a piece, or a million, for yourself? The Fed sells 5-pound bags containing $10,000 of the now-worthless cash. At $45 a pop, think of it as a bargain…
The unfit money the Fed removes from banks is replaced with new bills, at no cost to the banks. The money is then circulated back to their branches and ATMs, where it could end up back in your hands, starting the process over again.
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Montana Violent Offender Task Force reports successful year
The Montana Violent Offender Task Force had another successful year in 2018, according to a Wednesday news release from the U.S. Department of Justice.
The task force arrested 1,871 felony fugitives, a 26 percent increase from 2017 that can largely be attributed to the addition of the Great Falls Police Department as a task force member.
In addition to these arrests, the task force seized 6,908 grams of methamphetamine, 488 grams of heroin, 36 firearms and 21 stolen vehicles.
In 2018, the U.S. Marshals Service also sponsored sex offender compliance operations in 12 counties and on six reservations executed in partnership with Montana Attorney General’s Office and local law enforcement agency sex offender registries.
The operations resulted in 1,359 sex offender contacts, which represents approximately half of all offenders registered in the state of Montana.
The task force is a collaborative partnership between law enforcement agencies at the federal, state and local levels of government.
Its members include police departments in Billings, Great Falls, Bozeman and Cut Bank and sheriff’s offices in Yellowstone, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Cascade, Roosevelt and Glacier Counties.
Other participants include the Montana Department of Corrections Probation and Parole, Montana Attorney General’s Office, Northern Cheyenne Bureau of Indian Affairs, Blackfeet Law Enforcement Services, Chippewa Cree Law Enforcement Services, Fort Peck Tribes Department of Law and Justice and the U.S. Social Security Administration.
The task force is sponsored by the United States Marshals Service.
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This Italianate landscape can be dated alongside a small group of works painted by Aelbert Cuyp in around 1645, placing it at the very beginning of the painter’s artistic maturity. It is at this time that he became increasingly influenced by the sun-drenched effects of light, typical of Dutch Italianate landscape painters like Jan Both, Cornelis Saftleven and Herman van Swanevelt. As with many of the painter’s early Italian landscapes, the scene here is cast with a hazy orange sunlight, and shows shepherds and herdsmen with their livestock occupying a prominent place in the composition. The natural rock arch to the right is the only known instance of this motif in Cuyp’s work, though the device does appear in the work of his contemporaries, like Cornelis van Poelenburgh. Later in his oeuvre, from circa 1650 onwards, Cuyp began to simplify his landscapes, with his compositions often focusing on idyllic views of river banks, populated by herds of cattle.
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Walk in baths allow a number of advantages for a person who has limited mobility. In fact, by using a walk in bath tub, a greater degree of mobility and independence can be afforded those people who are wheelchair bound. With walk in bathtubs, many people will be able to bathe in privacy for the first time since having limited mobility. This can give people a wonderful boost of independence unlike any they have experienced lately.
Because a walk in bathtub is designed without the lip that contains the water and prevents it from leaving the shower area, a person who is in a wheelchair simply needs to roll their chair into the walk in baths and pull the door closed behind them. Most baths of this nature are equipped with a door that closes tightly enough to prevent water from leaking out onto the bathroom floor. In addition, the floor of the tub tends to slope gently downhill at such small rate of incline, that it drains the water into the center of the tub. Because the incline is so slight, however, most people cannot feel the sloping of the walk in bathtub.
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Student debt balances are ballooning, posing a serious threat to the financial security of millions of borrowers across the country. In the last 15 years, total outstanding student debt has grown six-fold and now hovers at over $1.5 trillion. Student debt has significant short- and long-term impacts on individuals, their communities, and the broader economy.
States have a unique role to play in addressing student loan burdens. Their role in overseeing public universities, tax and budget powers, and regulatory authority mean that they have a wide array of options to help borrowers with their student loans. No state is untouched by the student debt crisis. In 2018, the lowest state average for student debt of borrowers at graduation sat at $19,750. Twenty-one states had averages over $30,000. Solving the crisis will require solutions from a range of stakeholders and actors—and states have an opportunity to act immediately.
To provide options to states to address this growing threat to financial security, Aspen FSP conducted a scan of possible state solutions to address student loan burdens. The identified solutions fit into three types of actions that align with the borrower experience, with particular consideration for how they help low-income borrowers and borrowers of color:
- Reduce the out-of-pocket cost of attendance
- Protect students as they navigate existing debt
- Decrease existing student debt burdens
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The National Medal of Arts is the highest award given to artists and arts patrons by the United States government. The medal, conferred by the president, is presented to individuals or groups who are deserving of special recognition by reason of their outstanding contributions to the excellence, growth, support, and availability of the arts in the United States. During the past 26 years, more than 250 extraordinary patrons and artists in the fields of visual, performing, and literary arts have been honored. With this medal, the president recognizes the wealth and depth of creative expression of America’s artists.
Brustein joins the roster of great American artists that includes Andrew Wyeth, John Updike, Wynton Marsalis, Barbra Streisand, Rita Moreno, Dolly Parton, Ray Bradbury, and Twyla Tharp.
A.R.T. Artistic Director Diane Paulus expressed her joy at the award, saying: “I am thrilled to congratulate Bob on this significant honor. As founding director of the Yale Repertory Theatre and over three decades at the A.R.T., he has taught thousands of young people and inspired them to follow their dreams. His award-winning criticism, books, and plays have provided the most informed and intelligent insight into the world of theater. It’s wonderful that Bob’s extraordinary achievements are being recognized with this important award.”
Brustein founded the Yale Repertory Theatre during his tenure as dean of the Yale School of Drama and the American Repertory Theater in 1980; he served for 20 years as director of the Loeb Drama Center where he founded the A.R.T. Institute for Advanced Theatre Training at Harvard. He retired from artistic directorship in 2002 and now serves as founding director.
He is the author of 16 books on theater and has also written extensively on Shakespeare. His book “The Tainted Muse: Prejudices and Presumption in Shakespeare and His Time,” was published in 2009. He has also written three plays about Shakespeare called “The Shakespeare Trilogy.” The first, “The English Channel,” about Shakespeare’s affair with the dark lady, Emilia Lanier, was produced at the Abingdon Theatre in 2009, where it was nominated for a Pulitzer Prize. His second play, “Mortal Terror,” about the Gunpowder Plot and the writing of “Macbeth,” will be produced at Suffolk University’s Modern Theatre this spring and at the Boston Playwrights’ Theatre in September 2011. “The Last Will,” his third play, about Shakespeare’s return to Stratford toward the end of his life, will be produced by the Abingdon in New York in fall 2012.
He is currently distinguished scholar in residence at Suffolk University and professor of English emeritus at Harvard University.
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A peacocks feather
The work of artists in any medium has always intrigued and fascinated me.
I studied art and art history at college, and although I paint I am certainly no master, yet with both brush and pen (keyboard now) I endeavour endlessly to express myself.
When I moved to Molise last year I set out on a journey to discover more about the one hundred and thirty-eight towns and villages,
I did not expect to develop an interest in SACRED ART. This has developed over time as I grown to love and admire the quality and splendour of the art in the churches here.both inside and out
The discovery of an art which enriches the beauty of the churches
has encouraged me to study and research the subject in more depth.
The principal method of spreading the word in Christianity
and indeed in all religions has always been by word of mouth, but the desire to record and remind followers of the stories, and teachings meant that it was important too, to write them down, or retell them pictorially.
The symbolism of objects within the paintings is fascinating.
Each item in a painting carries a message, which evolved as a method of storytelling enabling those unable to read the written word to understand a subject in more depth.
The significance of a peacock's feathers
with its all-seeing eyes represent a pure soul and one that cannot be corrupted, and it is seen as a symbol of immortality and the resurrection
It does not matter what one believes even today when considering the impact art has on man.
We must look at it with open hearts and eyes ready to embrace its beauty, origins and it's character.
Having travelled fairly extensively
I have had the opportunity not only to marvel at the stone carvings and wall paintings in Egyptian temples but also at the simple drawings in South American villages. Art has always been a tool with which man can express himself.
This is where the value of the artist and the artisan became fundamentally important to the church. When we began to build churches and temples we needed people who had the talent to adorn the walls both inside and out with brush, paint, hammer, and chisel.
there are many churches of great importance in cities like Rome of course, richly adorned with frescoes, sculptures, and carvings, yet in the rolling hills, mountains and rich green valleys of Molise there is so much to admire.
The Churches ........
Those of the greatest significance here are not only those which house the most intensely beautiful art on the inside but those which make an impact because of their location or even their simplicity.
Just a few miles from my home is the tiny chapel of Santa Guista just outside the village of Castelobottaccio. It sits perched on a hill virtually hidden amongst the trees.
It's simplicity, location and tranquillity hold the key to its spirituality.
In complete contrast, the Cathedral in Bojano is richly adorned with extraordinarily beautiful frescoes.
These were only completed a few years ago by the Artist Rodolfo Papa, and it is rare for one single artist to paint a whole church.
The frescoes are contemporary with their roots firmly planted in the firm ground of traditional sacred art. Rodolfo Papa has studied extensively both in theory and practice, making him one of the worlds foremost fresco artists working today.
I met with him at his studio in Rome, where he showed me his work. He spoke with such passion and is working hard to encourage other artists to continue the traditions of sacred art.
For more information on his work see his website.http://www.rodolfopapa.it/
His knowledge and expertise in this field of art opened a new avenue for me, and I am working with him to encourage and develop opportunities for anyone interested in Sacred Art, and Church architecture to visit Molise.
Although I have studied art and art history for many years I had not fully realised the significance of Sacred Art.
One of the joys of art is to understand what the artist wanted to portray when they put brushed wall or canvas with their brush, then to read it for yourself just like words on a page.
A painting or a sculpture tells a story, and we are richer for having read it if we understand the meaning of the words
Thank you, Professor Papa for opening my eyes.
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Criteria met: High volume
Principal trade term to the EU: live
Percentage of global trade to the EU: 92%
Principal source: wild
Top EU importer: Netherlands
Top Trading Partner: Turkey
CITES Appendix: II
IUCN Status: -
In 2010, EU imports comprised 261,330 live, wild-sourced plants imported by the Netherlands directly from Turkey for commercial purposes. Imports of live, wild-sourced plants decreased by 3% between 2009 and 2010; 2010 is the third consecutive year in which imports decreased.
The SRG formed a positive opinion for C. hederifolium from Turkey on 26/05/2008, which was confirmed on 16/02/2010.
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The larger Pacific striped octopus is the first known to mate in this vulnerable beak-to-beak position. (Roy Caldwell)
Octopuses are notoriously anti-social—if you put more than one in a tank, they'll attack each other. And they certainly don't form family ties—females are prone to eating males after mating, and they usually die when their eggs hatch.
However, in a recent study from UC Berkeley and the California Academy of Sciences, a mud-dwelling "harlequin octopus" defies all such stereotypes.
As reported August 12 in the journal PLoS ONE, members of this species—the larger Pacific striped octopus--will happily cohabit with their partners, share food and watch their eggs hatch for months on end.
The roots of this paradigm-altering discovery reach back forty years and down 5,000 miles of coastline, to the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama.
Radical News From Panama
Roy Caldwell, professor of biology at UC Berkeley and first author of the octopus study, was on sabbatical in Panama when he met biologist Arcadio Rodaniche.
While Caldwell was hunting for the colorful shrimp that are his primary research interest, he says, "I caught three or four little striped octopuses; they came out of the rocks. Arcadio told me they were chierchiae."
Octopus chierchiae is a tiny species, about the size of a quarter, sometimes called the lesser Pacific striped octopus. That's in comparison to the larger Pacific striped octopus, which is baseball-sized, and so poorly known it doesn't have an official scientific name.
Both lesser and larger species are called “harlequin octopuses” because of the dramatic stripes and spots they often display, which are unique to individuals—like fingerprints. And both species, it seems, have never heard that laying eggs is supposed to be fatal for octopuses.
"I brought [the lesser Pacific striped octopuses] back to Berkeley because I thought they'd be neat to photograph," says Caldwell, who is skilled behind the lens.
"One female laid eggs right away and I was very bummed out, I thought she was going to die. She didn't, she laid three more clutches.”
Meanwhile, Rodaniche was making even more extraordinary discoveries about O. chierchiae's bigger cousins.
In addition to laying eggs for an extended time, mating pairs of larger Pacific striped octopuses sometimes shared a single den. Perhaps strangest of all, they mated beak-to-beak—an incredibly risky position if either partner is concerned about post-coital cannibalism.
Males of other octopus species take more sensible precautions, either handing over sperm at arm's length or mounting the female from behind.
Rodaniche's observations of the larger octopus, and to an extent Caldwell's of the lesser, could have overturned years of octopus dogma. But neither set was published.
Caldwell says he "was too naive" to realize how unusual it was.
Rodaniche, a specialist on squid and octopus, did submit a scientific paper—but the journal rejected it.
“They weren't ready to accept my findings," he says. "I shelved the whole thing until Roy found some animals and contacted me.”
Vindication at Last
In 2012, Caldwell and co-author Richard Ross of the Steinhart Aquarium had been working with O. chierchiae, the lesser Pacific striped octopus, when the collector who was supplying them unexpectedly sent a much bigger specimen.
It was, of course, a larger Pacific striped octopus—which no scientist had seen or studied for decades. "It felt like suddenly we got Bigfoot in the lab," says Ross. "And then it was a race to make sure we got all the specimens."
The passage of time had not changed this species' mating preference. Couples still joined beak-to-beak, as Rodaniche had observed. One mating pair cohabited for days in the same den, and even shared food—also beak-to-beak, like the famous spaghetti kiss from Lady and the Tramp.
Further verifying Rodaniche's original report, the females laid eggs for months on end, long after the first-laid eggs began to hatch. And unlike other octopus species, in which mothers stop eating to care for their eggs, these females continued to eat—and mate.
Why Is This Octopus Such an Oddball?
Caldwell thinks most of the larger Pacific striped octopus's unusual behavior stems from the females' extended spawning period. "She couldn't possibly go that long without eating," he says. "And she probably has to replenish her sperm supply, too."
Mating beak-to-beak allows a female to keep an eye on the eggs she's already laid while collecting new sperm. Sharing dens and food could also make it easier for her to multi-task.
Furthermore, their unique body patterns may allow larger Pacific striped octopuses to recognize each other, an ability that could minimize aggression.
But O. chierchiae, the lesser Pacific striped octopus, has unique patterns too, as well as an extended spawning period. Yet its behavior is more typically anti-social.
"I'm much more scared putting the chierchiae together," says Ross. He suggests that the differences between the two species may be due to their different habitats.
O. chierchiae lives in rocky tidepools, a constantly changing environment which could make it difficult to build relationships. The larger Pacific striped octopus lives deeper, on muddy seafloors. This relatively stable habitat might be better suited to the evolution of gregarious behavior.
"We don't know yet if they're truly social," cautions co-author Christine Huffard of the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute. But the possibility exists. "The type of behaviors we've seen, like food sharing and den sharing, that's just in the laboratory. We'd probably see much more complex behaviors in the wild."
Get the best of KQED’s science coverage in your inbox weekly.
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What is slow turning system and how is it used?
10 Sep '17, 13:37
The slow turning system includes a pipe connected to an automatically controlled valve, which bypasses the main air start automatic valve. The slow turning automatic valve provides just sufficient air for the engine's crankshaft to turn slowly on air to prevent any damage in case water or fuel accumulated on the piston due to a possible leak. Liquid accumulated in the combustion chamber would cause the hydraulic hammer effect, damaging head and running gear had full air throughput been used.
The slow turning may be used:
On a slow speed engine during maneuvering. If the engine has been stopped awaiting a movement for more than a set period (usually 20-30 minutes) then when an order is given and the engine control moved to start, instead of the main air start opening, the slow turn valve will open. If the engine satisfactorily completes a revolution, then the main air start opens allowing the engine to start.
On a medium speed diesel electric installation where engines are on standby for immediate start, a slow turning valve may be timed to turn the engines every hour, an alarm sounding if they fail to complete 2 revolutions. The air used for this slow turning must be dry to prevent corrosion of liners over a period of time when the engines are not needed.
10 Sep '17, 13:48
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Research Cardstock Rubric
A excellent investigation papers rubric could be the distinction between a good homework newspaper and a poor 1. It is wise to apply it once you’ve also been writing as well as spinner a papers during their visit, weeks, or simply many months. It is vital to adhere to the following rubric to be sure that you never miss out on whatever and that a person’s newspaper is definitely miscalculation totally free.
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The arrangement of your report is additionally vital. You should check it out carefully. One example is, a concept of one’s paper should be easily readable, it ought to be interesting, and it also need to offer readers a solid idea of the paper is approximately. It should also support the keyword phrases that will help the idea show up together with the additional paperwork which have been sent in in this matter.
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You must look at the paper yet again to find professional grad school essay writers out what is great, what exactly is undesirable, what is simply just absent, then you will need to go within the paper just as before to be sure you could have provided everything that you should have.
By using a rubric, you’ll receive a better knowledge of the way you really should file format the research newspaper. The actual rubric will let you prevent doing common errors, to be able to generate the well-formulated report. that should jump out that beats all others.
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A beneficial homework cardstock rubric will incorporate your checklist of the things that you must do to ensure the document is ideal. After you have them recorded, you can https://www.lssu.edu/school-physical-sciences/forensic-chemistry/ observe the span of time it would help you get to get these done. You’ll be aware what number of problems you must right before even thinking about the exact producing procedure.
If you will find that your chosen research paper rubric would not seem correct, consider if you’re not subsequent it the right way. Be sure that you have prepared your research report rubric on the page that you will modify. rather than on the table within your place of work. This gives an concept of in which you are from and where you’ll want to move.
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Hundreds of Mormons resigned from the church on Saturday to protest a new policy banning children with same-sex parents from being baptized until they reach adulthood, according to reports.
The mass resignation comes just days after the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints issued a new policy that lists same-sex marriage as an act considered a renunciation of the faith.
“The fact that it affects children really upset people,” said attorney Mark Naugle, who is helping members with the resignation process, told CNN. “Most people are disaffected from the church already, and this was the final straw.”
Around 1,500 said they had plans to resign, according to Naugle. Many of those soon-to-be ex-Mormons waited outside Naugle’s office in Utah for help processing the paperwork.
- Extreme Heat Makes It Hard for Kids to Be Active. But Exercise Is Crucial In a Warming World
- Pelosi's Visit to Taiwan Has Badly Damaged U.S.-China Relations, But Not Irreversibly
- Reality TV Has Reshaped Our World, Whether We Like It or Not
- Progress Is Not A Given. It is Won: The Connection Between James Baldwin and Toni Morrison
- The Inflation Reduction Act's Name Says A Lot About The Climate Fight
- How Reservation Dogs Became More than Just Must-See Television in Its Second Season
- The U.S Will Soon Have Space Force Ambassadors Around the World
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24 points, SCA Band 2, 0.500 EFTSL
Undergraduate - Unit
Refer to the specific census and withdrawal dates for the semester(s) in which this unit is offered.
- First semester 2017 (Day)
- Second semester 2017 (Day)
- Full year 2017 (Day)
Students undertake a supervised research project in an area of science, and present the results in a seminar.
On completion of the unit, students will be able to critically review the scientific literature in their specialist area of study; understand the processes involved in the design, development and implementation of a relevant research project; be able to complete and analyse a set of laboratory-based, computer-based, theoretical or other appropriate studies; be proficient in computer based data acquisition (where appropriate), critical analysis of results, appropriate presentation, and scientific word processing; demonstrate communication skills in both oral and written presentations, including the ability to write and present scientific work in a potentially publishable way; have acquired a range of technical skills and attitudes appropriate to their specialist area of study; have demonstrated the capability to perform a variety of scientific procedures and techniques that are essential to the satisfactory completion and reporting of a research project; have the demonstrated the potential to pursue higher studies and learning in the relevant area of study.
Consistent with the honours project assessment of the discipline. It will be advised to the student by the School Honours Coordinator.
To be advised by School Honours co-ordinator
See also Unit timetable information
Permission from the Associate Dean (Education)
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Spirit Psychology Theory is based on Freud’s structure of mind model of identity, ego, and superego elaborated much more detail. People have different ego controlling between primitive hard disks and facts. Individuals usually deal with details, drives and egos. However , if speculate if this trade good control with ego, they can express their desire, drives and morals in realistic and socially ideal ways.
If perhaps failed, one particular confronts issues such as turmoil with internal self and loss of adult interpersonal relationship. However , throughout lifetime, individuals change their feelings and behaviors to raised fit the requirements or minimize their turmoil between old fashioned drives and realities. The material cause for ego psychology is identity and ego. Individuals are born with primitive pushes, sexual desires, and egos which allow to organize their identity, pushes and synthesize judgment, understood to be decisions toward another in feelings, or be aware of drives that impacts feelings in accord with reality. Basically, ego can give a right direction for or control personality drives, whether it be satisfied or not in light of fact.
The formal cause of ego psychology is definitely ego development which is follows by means of the individual’s requires, e. g., affiliation with others, learning, etc . Hartmann says that people must develop “autonomous ego-development” (Hartmann, 1958, p, 101). The ego must be recognized in relation while using individual’s needs and hard disks, traits, objectives, and principles. According to Hartmann, people’s defense system develop all their ego. Hartmann pointed out that “the defense procedures may concurrently serve the control of instinctual drive and adaptation to the external globe. ” (Hartmann, 1958, s. 51) The efficient cause is variation – “reality mastering” and a reciprocated relationship among an individual great or her environment.
The outcome of powerful adaptation implies “fitting together” (Hartmann 1958, p, 36). If individuals overcome their conflicts, they can be lead to all their functions which are more or fewer closely associated with the understand reality. Consequently , successful edition embeds someone in an environment. Also, it solves conflict among specific requirements, capacities, and the environments because of the complicated traits of shielding egos.
At the begining of stages the ego is focused on distinguishing itself via others and affirming the separate presence though appearance of hard drives. Later, the individuals begin to learn guidelines of carry out to follow to prevent group critique (Martin, 1981). The impact of interpersonal and environmental factors is considered to be crucial to the evolution of mature spirit functions during the lifelong developing process. A final cause of ego psychology is usually to find better adaptation and sustain spirit function for individual needs to adapt to their environments, hard drives, traits, and expectations.
Various other manifestations of social performing problems and self rules and charge of drives influence other people’s perceptions is usually central towards the development of an individual’s actions and are ideal in certain circumstances. People, due to their inevitable and requisite relationship with the community, are controlled by change their very own attitudes, actions, and even their egos to be able to cope with the changes and requirements of other people around them and in the group they belong in. Recommendations Irving Meters.
Rosen. (1968) Ego mindset of the mature years. Diary of Religion and Health, Volume 7, Amount 3 PDF (243. six KB) Recovered May 2, 2008, coming from SpringerLink data source. Hartmann, Heinz. (1958) Ego psychology plus the problem of adaptation.
Nyc, NY: Worldwide Universities Press. Martin A, James. (2000) Ego mindset notes. Retrieved Apr.
2, 2008, coming from http://www. brynmawr. edu/Acads/GSSW/jam/switr/991415. htm Martin, Grotjahn. (1981) The therapeutic group process inside the light of developmental spirit Psychology. Group, Volume a few. Retrieved May 2, 08, from SpringerLink database.
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The UAE Government sends UAE nationals abroad for medical treatment if treatment is not available in the UAE.
UAE citizens who wish to travel abroad for seeking medical treatment for themselves or their family member, are advised to contact the UAE's Ministry of Health and Prevention on which country and which medical facility to visit for the treatment.
After choosing or deciding upon the country, citizens could also contact the diplomatic mission of that country in the UAE for additional information on the legitimate and accredited institutes.
After reaching the destination country, UAE citizens are advised to keep in touch with the UAE mission there through Twajudi.
Updated on 10 May 2022
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Arizona Land and Water Trust recently partnered with owners of the Babacomari Ranch to permanently protect 2,488 acres of the historic cattle ranch. Conservation of this ranch sustains its rich historical and cultural legacy, preserves habitat for wildlife and ensures the land will remain a working landscape for generations to come.
“The Brophy family is determined to maintain the incredibly resource-rich Babacomari Ranch for generations to come,” said Ben Brophy, part-owner of the Babacomari Ranch. “We believe the open space, agriculturally productive rangelands, abundant wildlife and habitat should be improved and never diminished. Our family is grateful for the leadership of Arizona Land and Water Trust in protecting working ranches and assisting families like ours to meet our stewardship aspirations.”
The roughly 28,000-acre Babacomari Ranch in the Sonoita region south of Tucson and was established through a Mexican Land Grant in 1832. In 1935, Frank Cullen Brophy acquired the property, becoming the third owner of the historic ranch. The ranch has been a family-owned and operated cattle ranch ever since. Babacomari’s exceptionally scenic western landscape includes rolling desert grasslands and woodlands with views of mountain ranges in nearly every direction.
“We are extremely proud to partner with the Brophy family to honor and secure their longtime heritage in the region and protect the extraordinary landscapes, abundant wildlife, water resources and rich rangelands that are found on the Babacomari Ranch,” said Liz Petterson, Executive Director of the Trust.
The ranch is an important wildlife migratory corridor linking the Mustang and Huachuca Mountains. The surrounding landscape is proposed critical habitat for the jaguar and potential habitat for pronghorn antelope, Chiricahua leopard frog and other sensitive species, thanks to the Trust’s larger conservation efforts in the region. The property also includes rare Cienega wetlands and miles of cottonwood-lined riparian ecosystems along the Babocomari Creek, a tributary of the San Pedro River.
Funding for this project was provided by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service’s Agricultural Conservation Easement Program focused on protecting Grasslands of Special Environmental Significance and the Department of Defense’s Readiness Environmental Protection Integration Program. This is the first time these two programs have been combined in Arizona, working toward the mutual goals to promote and sustain local agriculture and other compatible land uses in a manner that also protects the military testing and training needs of nearby Fort Huachuca.
“This project is a great example of the environmental benefits of our Agricultural Conservation Easement Program, while also supporting our country’s military readiness,” said Keisha Tatem, NRCS state conservationist for Arizona. “Innovative partnerships and projects like this add a whole new meaning when we talk about protecting the land for future generations.”
“I have watched the surrounding area become a patchwork quilt of mish-mash development and growth. Conservation easements are enhancing the landscape and natural wildlife and resources of Southern Arizona by protecting it from rapid development,” explained Anne McChesney Gibson, Brophy family member.
A conservation easement is a voluntary restriction on future non-agricultural development. Each easement is individually tailored to meet the needs of the landowner and their goals for the property. To date, the Trust holds more than 16,600 acres of conservation easements throughout Southern Arizona and has protected more than 53,500 acres since 1978 with our landowner partners.
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As a market leader in wear solutions for the mining and related industries, R-C700 long-life liner plate from Rio-Carb offers the benefit of significantly reduced greenhouse (GHG) emissions for its customers. This is because these liners, featuring a chromium carbide (CrC) overlay, outlast quenched and tempered products by a factor of eight. Therefore the carbon footprint of this ‘green steel’ is seven times smaller per application, translating into a significant 80% reduction.
“An indirect benefit due to its immediate and obvious carbon reduction is that transportation of all implied products is reduced by the same factor, thus saving significantly on indirect emissions,” comments Rio-Carb Design Engineer Roshalan Govender.
Reducing GHG to combat climate change is an important goal of the 2015 Paris Agreement, whereby 190 countries have committed to carbon neutrality by 2050. A major focus in this drive is the steel industry, which is among the top three producers of carbon dioxide, a major contributor to global warming.
The World Steel Association (WSA) reports that every ton of steel produced in 2019 emitted approximately three tonnes of carbon dioxide on average, equivalent to about 8% of global CO2 emissions. In addition, the WSA highlights that recycling steel plates produces three times the mass in GHG, or three tonnes for every kilogram of steel that is melted. Thus on a chute with 1 000 tonnes of R-C700 liners, the total lifespan saving in terms of GHG is an astonishing 21 tonnes.
It is for this reason that Rio-Carb has also aligned itself with the ISO 14001 environmental management system to benchmark its manufacturing processes. The aim is to manufacture R-C700 long-life wear liners that conform to the highest possible quality standards, from the stainless steel studs to the Rapid Removal system, tight cutting tolerances and ease of movement, coupled with plasma-etched part numbers for easy identification and replacement.
“An important criterion for ISO 14001 is resource conservation. Our long-life wear solutions play a critical role in boosting materials-handling efficiency and cost-effectiveness,” comments Rio-Carb Marketing and Branding Director Jabulile Mlambo
In particular the OEM will be looking to implement ISO 14062, which focuses on concepts and current practices relating to the integration of environmental aspects into product design and development. “Such standards offer an environmentally-positive option to the mining, steel and cement industries, all of which are under severe pressure from both shareholders and the government to drastically reduce their carbon footprint,” explains Mlambo.
Therefore Rio-Carb has launched a campaign to make its customers and the broader industry aware of the negative impact of GHG and how this risk can best be mitigated. All R-C700 wear plates produced by Rio-Carb will carry a green four-sided logo illustrating the concepts of reduction, reuse and recycling.
This will also assist in positioning Rio-Carb as a total solutions provider, with CrC providing the lowest total cost of ownership for complete wear solutions in the mining industry. “We believe that this is the most cost-effective material to combat severe wear. It does present a challenge in terms of those customers who are set in their ways. However, one of our biggest opportunities is to change the mindset of these customers and to show them the myriad advantages of using CrC, which also makes a significant contribution to carbon reduction in line with our environmental obligations,” concludes Mlambo.
Connect with Rio-Carb on Social Media to receive the company’s latest news
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AFTER Los Angeles County and the state of California announced their own declarations of emergency over the monkeypox outbreak, the Biden administration on Thursday, Aug. 4 declared the outbreak a national public health emergency.
The declaration allows the United States Health and Human Services (HHS) to set aside emergency funds and federal resources (like specific personnel) to address the outbreak.
HHS Secretary Xavier Becerra said in a media briefing that the Biden administration is “prepared to take our response to the next level in addressing this virus, and we urge every American to take the process seriously and to take responsibility to help us tackle this.”
The monkeypox outbreak roughly began earlier in the summer in West Africa, but unlike the coronavirus, monkeypox is not as contagious and vaccines for the disease have been around for years. According to Healthline, the monkeypox virus was first discovered in primates in 1958 and in humans in the early 1970s.
Despite false online discourse, monkeypox is not strictly a sexually transmitted disease or infection, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) states.
Although most current cases happen to be among men who have sex with other men, monkeypox can spread to anyone through direct skin-to-skin contact, prolonged intimate contact, and, less commonly, touching fabrics and other porous surfaces that have been touched by monkeypox patients.
Monkeypox manifests itself, most noticeably, as a rash that may appear anywhere on the body but most commonly on the face, hands, feet, chest, genitals, mouth, and anus. Other common symptoms include fever, chills, body and head aches, fatigue, congestion, sore throat and swollen lymph nodes.
California, which has been among the quickest and strictest states in regards to coronavirus safety protocol and vaccine rollout, said that its utilizing the emergency to amp up treatment and outreach efforts.
According to the state’s public health department, California has reported 1,135 cases of monkeypox. According to Sacramento, California has so far received 61,000 monkeypox vaccine doses from the federal government, but it needs at least 600,000 additional doses.
“California is working urgently across all levels of government to slow the spread of monkeypox, leveraging our robust testing, contact tracing and community partnerships strengthened during the pandemic to ensure that those most at risk are our focus for vaccines, treatment and outreach,” California Governor Gavin Newsom said in a statement.
Newsom added, “Monkeypox can affect anyone; it spreads primarily by skin-to-skin contact, as well as from sharing items like clothing, bedding and towels. We remain steadfast in our support for the LGBTQ community and their families, who have been disproportionately impacted by this outbreak, and continue to reinforce that no single individual or community is to blame for the spread of any virus.”
LA County — which declared its own local emergency regarding the monkeypox outbreak on Tuesday, Aug. 2 — has so far accounted for more than half of California’s monkeypox cases.
Like state and federal protocol, the local proclamation allows local health officials to more quickly distribute vaccines and organize outreach efforts.
LA County Public Health this week launched a West Hollywood pop-up vaccination location and also expanded the pool of those who are eligible for the vaccine.
Currently in LA County, the monkeypox vaccine is available to gay and bisexual men and transgender who are at least 18 years old who had multiple sex partners in the last 14 days.
Additionally, those who are immunocompromised (regardless of sex, gender or sexual activity), including those with advanced or uncontrolled HIV, will also receive vaccine prioritization.
Previously, vaccine eligibility only included gay, bisexual or transgender men who: were diagnosed with gonorrhea or early syphilis over the last year, are on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), or had sex with multiple partners within the past 21 days in a commercial setting.
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French journalists holding up their Press card take part in a hundreds of thousands of French citizens solidarity march (Marche Republicaine) in the streets of Paris January 11, 2015 (Photo: Reuters)
Charlie Hebdo’s decision to continue the publication of caricatures of Prophet Mohamed is "an act unjustifiably provocative to the feelings of a billion and a half Muslims worldwide who love and respect the Prophet,” Egypt's Dar Al-Ifta warned in a statement on Tuesday.
The new issue of Charlie Hebdo will cause a "new wave of anger" in France and the West in general, the statement said, adding that it "will not serve the dialogue between civilisations which Muslims seek."
The cover of the first edition of the French satirical weekly Charlie Hebdo since 12 of its staff members were killed by Islamist gunmen last week showed a cartoon of the Prophet Mohamed crying and holding up a "Je suis Charlie" sign under the words "All is forgiven."
Dar Al-Ifta, the primary Egyptian authority responsible for issuing religious edicts, described the act as "counter to human values, freedoms, cultural diversity, tolerance and respect to human rights," adding that it "deepens hatred and discrimination between Muslims and others."
The statement also condemned the recent attacks against mosques in France warning that such acts will "give extremists from both sides a chance to exchange violence."
The statement finally requested that the French government, political parties and organisations condemn Charlie Hebdo's "racist act which works to incite sectarianism."
It is common for satirical publications in Europe to mock religious figures.
Following the attack in Paris, Egypt's Al-Azhar, Sunni Islam's most prestigious centre of learning, issued a condemnation, saying that "Islam denounces any violence."
President Abdel-Fattah El-Sisi also condemned the attack, voicing Cairo's solidarity with France and underlining that the fight against terrorism is a global concern.
Egypt's Foreign Minister joined other world leaders in the million man protest in Paris.
Following the attacks that killed 12 staff members, the surviving employees of Charlie Hebdo have sworn to uphold its tradition of lampooning all religions, politicians, celebrities and news events.
On Sunday, huge crowds in France, including 1.5 million in Paris, took to the streets many carrying signs saying "Je suis Charlie."
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I’ve written about different “layers” of the nervous system being activated by trauma. I posted earlier about the most primitive (in terms of evolution) layer, which experiences immobilization/shutdown/dissociation/freezing, as described in Peter A. Levine’s book In An Unspoken Voice: How the Body Releases Trauma and Restores Goodness.
The next layer, according to Levine, experiences sympathetic hyperarousal, commonly known as “fight or flight,” in response to a trauma. In evolutionary time, this system began developing in bony fish and continued through amphibians and reptiles and is often called the “reptilian brain.”
People who experience a single traumatic event without a history of repeated trauma, neglect, or abuse tend to be dominated by this system rather than immobilization. Sympathetic hyperarousal is involuntarily activated in response to danger, while immobilization occurs involuntarily in response to doom.
Levine says in his long experience, many, maybe even a majority, of people exhibit symptoms of both systems, and that symptoms change over time and can even change within a single therapeutic session.
Signs of sympathetic hyperarousal include:
- racing hearts (visible in the carotid artery in the front of the neck)
- tightened neck muscles (anterior scalenes, sternocleidomastoids, and upper shoulder muscles)
- choppy breathing
- stiffened posture
- general jumpiness
- darting eyes
- dilated pupils
- cold hands
- pale skin
- cold sweat in hands and forehead
Somatic experiencing therapy is based on recognizing which system is activated at the time and responding accordingly.
This makes sense to me. If someone is experiencing immobilization, their social engagement system is shut down. (This most recent layer of the nervous system is the “mammalian brain” that reads social cues.) People who are immobilized/dissociated/shut down/frozen cannot read faces and postures, and they may not be aware of their own emotions. They don’t know whether they can trust others.
The way out of immobilization is helping the traumatized person move from shutdown to sympathetic arousal while learning to recognize and manage their physical sensations. Sensations are the only language the reptilian brain speaks, and working with sensations is a way out of the wordless terror of a traumatic experience.
A therapist’s first job in reaching such shut-down clients is to help them mobilize their energy: to help them, first, to become aware of their physiological paralysis and shutdown in a way that normalizes it, and to shift toward (sympathetic) mobilization. The next step is to gently guide a client through the sudden defensive/self-protective activation that underlies the sympathetic state and back to equilibrium, to the here-and-now and a reengagement in life.
Levine says that the most important task in this stage of recovery is for the therapist to “ensure a client contains these intense arousal sensations without becoming overwhelmed,” experiencing them “as intense but manageable waves of energy as well as sensations associated with aggression and self-protection.”
In this state, the trauma survivor may complete their defensive actions by activating running muscles or making protective gestures as well as experiencing vibration, tingling, and waves of heat and cold.
So when I made those spontaneous running movements and felt tingling in my legs and forearms and hands way back when I first read Waking the Tiger, I was completing defensive actions (which would have been running away from a murderer).
From doing David Berceli’s trauma releasing exercises, besides the tremors and shaking I experience, I sometimes find myself making a repeated swatting gesture with my left arm. I have no clue what gave rise to that. I trust that my body needs to move that way to release something. I just let it happen. My body is wise beyond my mind in so many ways.
By befriending these arousal sensations in a slow and steady way, the trauma survivor gradually discharges the energy of hyperarousal.
This is the way out of limbo and back into life. Only after this does the social engagement nervous system (“the mammalian brain”) come back online. The individual experiences restorative, deepening calm, sensations of being okay and being good, and an urge or hunger for face-to-face contact.
Levine states that many traumatized individuals then need guidance to negotiate intimacy, which can occur only when the social engagement nervous system is no longer being hijacked by immobilization and hyperarousal systems.
The key here is body awareness, both to coming out of immobilization and to experiencing the sensational roller coaster ride of sympathetic hyperarousal.
It’s important not to mistake immobilization for calm. From my own experience, people used to say I seemed calm, when actually I was shut down. People also used to think I was high because my eyes were dilated. I wasn’t high. I was in sympathetic hyperarousal.
Which by the way, if you interact in person with me, I invite you to tell me if you notice whether my pupils are pinpoints (immobilized) or dilated (hyperaroused). I’d like to know. I’ve been looking in the mirror at various times since I learned about this! ; ) So far, I haven’t seen either.
Much of my trauma healing over the last decade has been experiencing that restorative calmness through meditation, cranio-sacral therapy, esoteric acupuncture, yoga, trance. It’s about feeling deep relaxation, peace, and safety in my body. It’s about literally feeling and trusting my own innate goodness and worthiness. It’s about well-being of body, mind, heart, and spirit. How can anyone get enough of that?
It’s also been about social engagement: about relating, making and keeping friends, connecting with people, and being part of a community. I do best with people who are expressive, who have a range of emotions, who are skilled at verbal and nonverbal communication, who enjoy play and humor and affection.
Sometimes someone does something disturbing that throws me out of my well-deserved, hard-earned, beloved state of well-being because they have been hijacked by trauma and are beginners on the recovery path.
I understand cognitively that they don’t know any better, but I trust my body. If my body says be ready to flee, I take note and respond accordingly. If it says confront, I show anger. These are built-in, automatic instincts that I’m glad to have operational, and they aren’t just happening for no good reason.
I know that they’ve been hijacked by trauma and don’t even know who they really are without it. I just set the boundary I need, love them from afar, and feel glad that’s over. I feel safer already.
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It may be unpleasant to camp in the rain, but it’s the perfect way to get outside and enjoy nature. In this regard, camping in the rain is extremely beneficial. In this article, I will tell you about a few easy steps. how you can do camp for rain in the forest.
- 1- The tent should be high and dry
- 2- Put a heavy trap under your tent
- 3- Make sure You have placed your tent correctly
- 4- The tent must be airy
- 5- Make sure your tent must be waterproof
- 6- Don’t take cotton clothes with you
- 7- Make sure you have waterproof jackets and gloves with you
- 8- Take extra blankets and shoes
- 9- keep yourself busy with something
- 10- Rain does not the end of travel
1- The tent should be high and dry
You will get wet if you pitch a tent in the rain and You are very upset about it. If the rains start clearing, you might be able to hold off for 30 minutes until it stops. You can keep your belongings in your car or a sheltered spot if you have to pitch up in the rain.
2- Put a heavy trap under your tent
Camping in the rain, the tent can flood. So water doesn’t pool on your fly sheet. Make sure there is plenty of tension in your tent. So water doesn’t pool on your fly sheets. Fold any excess tarp under the tent so that it is not visible. Therefore, you should use heavy traps under your tent. When you can then protect yourself from the storm.
3- Make sure You have placed your tent correctly
The position of your tent must be in the opposite direction to the wind. If the rain direction and wind direction became the same, then our tent could spill down. When you open your window, you’ll get less windswept rain inside!
4- The tent must be airy
Your tent must always be open. So that you can get fresh air, and enjoy the rain. that is how the rain is beautiful. And when the rain stops and you feel that you will not be rained again and the sun rises then open your tent and let it wind up. Because your tent was wet. Do not let the moisture get inside the paint
5- Make sure your tent must be waterproof
Make sure your tent is waterproof. If you plan to intentionally camp in the rain. Proof your tent waterproofing spray and use waterproof plastic bags to make your tent. Waterproofs can also be used as an extra layer. You can avoid the cold at the same time and enjoy it at the same time
6- Don’t take cotton clothes with you
Don’t take cotton clothes with you. Something takes such clothes and let t. Cotton takes a long time to dry. Whenever you go out take such clothes and dry them quickly. Don’t allow anything wet to make it into your living areas because it can be dangerous
7- Make sure you have waterproof jackets and gloves with you
Waterproof jackets and gloves are usually great when the weather is miserable. so that when it rains, you do not wet at all. They can travel anywhere in the rain. And can enjoy the rain to the fullest.
8- Take extra blankets and shoes
Always when you are outing side to must take extra blankets and extra shoes with you. Extra blankets for this reason, if one blanket gets wet due to the rainwater, then another should be used. and take extra shoes with you. Wear another shoe if your wet shoe gets wet in rain, and keep warm. That way you can avoid the cold and enjoy the rain more. Wear another shoe if your wet shoe gets wet in rain, and keep warm. That way you can avoid the cold and enjoy the rain more.
9- keep yourself busy with something
You will not be afraid if you keep yourself busy during the rain. Rain does wonderful things to the forest, get your camera ready, snap some pictures, play some games, and some funny talks to one another. So you are busy in the rain.
10- Rain does not the end of travel
Camping is a skill in the rain, You learn how to stay dry. Storm can be beautiful. But it can very dangerous. If you will follow all tips. So you will fully enjoy the rain.
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Rembrandt began making landscape drawings in about 1636 and produced many images of the outskirts of Amsterdam on walks during the 1640s and 1650s. His sketching excursions must have included colleagues and students, who often depicted the same motifs. He seems to have been drawn to simple farmhouses and peasant dwellings, preferring rural structures to new buildings.
Researchers at the Topographical Atlas in the Gemeentearchief, Amsterdam, have recently identified the site of the present drawing as a group of three houses on the Schinkelweg southwest of Amsterdam. This path ran south from the Overtoom (a wooden roller bridge that enabled small vessels to be hauled over from the River Schinkel to a second waterway, the Kostverlorenvaart) and the village of Sloten. Rembrandt drew the scene looking north toward the Overtoom, with the river to his right (the mast of a boat is visible) and reclaimed land, known as the Sloterbinnenpolder, stretching away on the left. One of the houses in the scene includes a signboard. Rembrandt and artists in his circle repeatedly sketched other sites in the same vicinity.
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L’opera E l’Origine Annotazioni di Luce in Otto Momenti Per Holzwege di Martin Heidegger = Work and Origin: Annotations of Light in Eight Moments for. This collection of texts (originally published in German under the title Holzwege) is Heidegger’s first post-war book and contains some of the major expositions of. Martin Heidegger-Logic As the Question Concerning the Essence of Language ( SUNY series in Contemporary Continental Philosophy)-State University of New.
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Rutger van Dongen rated it really liked it Jan 02, Selected pages Title Page. Martin Heidegger – – Cambridge University Press. Alfred Storch – – Studia Philosophica A Will to Hilzwege Heidegger begins his essay with the question of what the source of a work of art is.
Off the Beaten Track
The artwork is inherently an object of “world”, as it creates a world of its own; it opens up for us other worlds and cultures, such as worlds from the past like the ancient Greek or medieval worlds, or different social worlds, like the world of the peasant, or of the aristocrat.
A main influence on Heidegger’s conception of art was Friedrich Nietzsche. El origen de algo es la fuente de su esencia. He argues that art is not only a way of expressing the element of truth in a culture, but the means of creating it and providing a springboard from which “that which is” can be revealed. Gary rated it really liked it May 28, While the notion appears contradictory, Heidegger is the first to admit that he was confronting a riddle—one that he did not intend to answer as much as to describe in regard to the meaning of art.
Roberto rated it really liked it Oct 22, It is outside unintelligible to the ready-to-hand. Return to Book Page. My library Help Advanced Book Search. Ontology, Metaphysics, Ethics and Nihilism.
Christopher Ruth rated it it was amazing Oct 09, The thing and the work. Artworks, Heidegger contends, are things, a definition that raises the question of the meaning of a “thing,” such that works have a thingly character.
Paul Smeyers – – Journal of Philosophy of Education 29 3: Paperbackpages. Other editions – View all Heidegger: The preconception shackles reflection on the Being of any given being.
Martin Heidegger, Holzwege. — – PhilPapers
Sign in Create an account. Pages to import images to Wikidata Articles containing German-language text Golzwege articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from January Holzaege to the influential work in architectural phenomenology of: Science Logic and Mathematics.
Views Read Edit View history. Editors epilogue to the seventh edition of Holzwege. There are no discussion topics on this book yet. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Works of art are not merely representations of the way things are, but actually produce a community’s shared understanding.
Influenced by other philosophers of his time, Heidegger wrote the book, Being in Time, in Just a moment while we sign you in to your Goodreads account. In this way, “World” is revealing the unintelligibility of “Earth”, and so admits its dependence on the natural “Earth”.
In this work, which is considered one of the most important philosophical works of our time, Heidegger asks and answers the question “What is it, to be? Heidegger’s Philosophy of Art. References to this book A Will to Learn: Quotes from Off the Beaten Track. La obra es el origen del artista. This was actually typical of Heidegger as he often chose to study shoes and shoe maker shops as an example for the analysis of a culture.
The Origin of the Work of Art – Wikipedia
Heidegger, instead, questioned traditional artistic methods. This article has no associated abstract.
Originally published in German under the title Holzwege, this collection of texts is Heidegger’s first post-war work and contains some of the major expositions of his later philosophy. Holzweeg translations of the essays have appeared individually in a variety of places, this is the first English translation to bring them all together as Heidegger intended.
In why poets he discusses risk in relation to weight and gravity.
Education and the Educational Project Heideggger Such works as the temple help in capturing this essence of art as they go through a transition from artworks to art objects depending on the status of their world. University of Chicago Press, Libri di strada rated it really liked it Apr 27, Critics of Heidegger claim that he employs circuitous arguments and often avoids logical heiregger under the ploy that this is better for finding truth.
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How to Save Money by Going Zero Waste: A Guide for Beginners A zero-waste state of mind can save your wallet—and even the planet. Here's how. Take out your wallet and pull out a $5 bill. Now, take that same $5 bill, crumple it up and toss it in the trash. Sounds crazy, doesn’t it? But throwing away money is actually something many Americans do every day when they throw out food, plastic water bottles and other items that can be reused, repurposed or recycled. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the typical American produces about four-and-a-half pounds of waste every single day. Just over 50 percent of it ends up in landfills each year, where it can contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, according to the EPA. But there could be another way—choosing a zero-waste lifestyle. “To be zero waste means to generate little to no trash,” says Antonia Korcheva, founder of Escape Waste, a commerce site and blog promoting zero-waste and plastic-free living. Ok, ok. You may buy how reducing your waste could be good for the planet, but “How can a zero-waste lifestyle save me money?” The short answer, says Korcheva, is that when you’re reducing waste you tend to buy less—saving you money in the process. However, you may need to spend a little money to get started. “With zero waste, there is an upfront cost followed by long-term savings,” says Kait Schulhof, founder of zero-waste living blog A Clean Bee. If you’re ready to find out how a zero-waste lifestyle can save you money, here are six ways to get started: 1. Track your waste A good way to see how much trash (and money) you might be wasting is to keep track of what you’re throwing away. The first step to save money with zero waste is to record everything your family tosses out for one week. No joke. Then, categorize the waste. (A little gross, but worth it.) Are you throwing away mostly plastic items, paper items, food waste? This can help you decide which waste areas you need to focus on most. Pro Tip:Take note of any single-use items you throw away that you could either avoid purchasing altogether or recycle, Schulhof says. 2. Rethink your approach to grocery shopping Another step to save money with zero waste is to revisit how you shop for groceries. Purchasing package-free food like fruits, vegetables and dry goods measured out by weight is a strategy that Schulhof advocates as a way to produce less waste and save money on family expenses. Next time you hit the grocery store, see if there’s a section with food sold in large bulk bins, open-market style. Rice, nuts, beans, flour, grains, cereals and spices are common bulk-bin items. You can even bring your own containers from home, such as cloth drawstring bags or glass jars, and fill them with the amount of each item you need. This bulk-bin strategy checks the box for minimizing waste because it allows you to skip plastic or cardboard packaging. When you’re learning how to save money by going zero waste, the key is making sure that you’re not buying too much of an item that could potentially go bad before it’s used. How a zero-waste lifestyle can save you money comes into play since you’re only paying for what you need, and package-free goods can also be less expensive than their packaged counterparts. When you’re taking this step to save money with zero waste, you might need to spend more upfront as you make the switch from packaged goods and stock up on bulk-bin ingredients for the first time, Schulhof says. Pro Tip:Make sure to weigh your containers in the grocery store before filling them up, so that the container’s weight isn’t calculated in the weight of your bulk-bin items, Schulhof says. A cashier should be able to help you out. 3. Plan and prep meals Meal planning means mapping out the meals you plan to eat each day for a set time period. You can do your meal prep a week at a time or by the month, depending on what works better for you and your family. Putting forethought into meals enables you to buy the specific amount you need of a particular item, which is key for learning how to save money by going zero waste. How many times have you needed only a small amount of a certain ingredient, says Schulhof, but ended up buying the entire package—only to then have too much leftover? Thinking about meals ahead of time is also a way to stop overspending on impulse buys, which can tax your grocery budget. How many times have you bought something at the grocery store because it sounded good in the moment? Fast-forward a week, and you’re tossing it out because you never had a purpose for it. When planning meals around ingredients you buy from bulk bins, Schulhof says the goal is to make use of everything you purchase. If you’re creative, you might be able to stretch basic staples, such as rice, beans, potatoes and grains, into several meals, putting a fresh spin on how they’re cooked each time, she adds. Pro Tip:When creating your main meal plan, include plans for the leftovers and scraps as well. For example, you might be able to make soups or salads from the leftover bits of celery, carrots and other veggies, Schulhof says. 4. Grow your own ingredients Another strategy for how to save money by going zero waste is growing some of your own produce and herbs at home. You may have to invest a little bit of money in seeds and potting soil at the beginning, but you can reap savings later by being able to shop your own garden for vegetables, fruits or herbs, instead of buying them from the grocery store. If you’re considering how a zero-waste lifestyle can save you money, know that you can even combine the grow-your-own method with composting to further reduce waste. Composting rotting food is a way to create natural fertilizer for a backyard vegetable garden or indoor herb garden. At the same time, you’re reducing the presence of methane-producing food scraps in your yard or local landfill. Pro Tip:If you can’t compost at home, try reaching out to a local farm or food co-op to see if they accept food scraps for composting, Schulhof says. 5. Look beyond food waste at home Groceries and food waste might be your biggest focal point (especially if you’re a frugal foodie), but there are plenty of other ideas for how a zero-waste lifestyle can save you money around the house. These alternative ideas can “help eliminate the need for consumers to purchase single-use products, which, over time, will save money,” Schulhof says. Here are Schulhof’s and Korcheva’s steps to save money with zero waste by looking beyond food waste: Check your personal inventory before making a purchase. For example, an old cookie jar can make a great mini compost bin, thereby eliminating the need to purchase a new one.Invest in reusable products. When learning how to save money by going zero waste, consider swapping out paper napkins for cloth, paper plates for regular dishes and single-use cleaning bottles for refillable ones.Buy secondhand instead of new. You can find furniture, clothing, books, games, gardening supplies and plenty of other household items at consignment shops, thrift stores, flea markets and online marketplaces.Make your own. Instead of paying for makeup, personal-care or cleaning supplies, consider what you can make yourself from natural ingredients you already have, such as vinegar and baking soda. Pro Tip:For more leads on how to save money by going zero waste, Korcheva says to consider joining a network or community that allows people to give and get items for free. 6. Reduce waste while on the run Many zero-waste living tips focus on things you can do at home to cut down on waste and save. But there are also steps to save money with zero waste that you can take when you’re away from home. On-the-go strategies include skipping plastic straws when you’re ordering drinks out or packing a handkerchief instead of a packet of tissues. Instead of turning to “retail therapy” when you’re having a bad day, steps to save money with zero waste include doing something else relaxing (e.g., go for a walk, take a free yoga class in the park or meet up with a friend). These are just a few low-effort, high-impact ideas on how to save money by going zero waste. Pro Tip:If you drink multiple plastic bottles of water at work or when running errands, replace them with a reusable water bottle, Korcheva says. Sustaining a better future The motives for going zero waste may be different for everyone, but finding out how a zero-waste lifestyle can save you money has its merits if you want to reduce unnecessary expenses, reduce your environmental impact and save more. Schulhof says she and her family have used the money they’ve saved to start an emergency fund that covers six months’ worth of living expenses. Whether that’s your goal, or you’d rather support an education or a vacation fund, consider opening an online savings account to collect and grow the money you are able to uncover from adopting a zero-waste state of mind.
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ON A SWELTERING FRIDAY afternoon two years ago in Phnom Penh, Anne Lemaistre, the head of UNESCO’s office in Cambodia, received an unusually urgent phone call from Paris. On the line was Pierre Baptiste, Southeast Asia curator of the Guimet Museum, home to one of the largest collections of Cambodian antiquities in the world. “Have you seen what is on sale at Sotheby’s?” Baptiste asked, the excitement evident in his voice.
Lemaistre opened an email from Baptiste and gasped. On her screen was a strikingly beautiful and well-preserved Cambodian statue from the 10th Century. Sotheby’s had placed the piece on the cover of its catalogue for Asia Week, a high-profile auction event set to begin the following Monday in New York. The 500-pound sandstone sculpture, described in the catalogue as “among the great masterpieces of Khmer art,” depicted a Hindu deity, bare-chested and wearing a sly grin, with his knees bent at right angles, poised to leap into the air. “What is this?” Lemaistre exclaimed into the phone, her pulse quickening.
Lemaistre could tell that the piece was exceptional: it was freestanding and captured a figure in mid-movement, rare traits in the canon of ancient Khmer art, whose practitioners favored bas-reliefs and static figures. Its estimated value of $2-3 million reflected the skyrocketing demand among collectors for Southeast Asian antiquities, a market dominated by Sotheby’s, which had total sales of $5.4 billion last year. It was obvious to Lemaistre that the piece was one of the most important Southeast antiquities to appear in a generation. The problem was, neither she nor Baptiste, two of the world’s leading experts in the field, had ever seen it before.
Lemaistre quickly called her colleague Bertrand Porte, a sculpture conservator at Cambodia’s National Museum, whose rust-colored, neo-Angkorian roof was visible outside her office window. Porte didn’t recognize the statue, either. “It reminds me of the piece in the Norton Simon museum in Pasadena,” he said. That sculpture, a 10th century sandstone work depicting Bhima, a major character in the Hindu epic Mahabharata, had been at the California museum since 1980. Archeologists had traced its origins to the lost Cambodian city of Koh Ker, the capital of the Khmer kingdom from 928 to 944 AD, where its pedestal and feet remained, crudely hacked off from the rest of the figure with brute force.
Lemaistre and Porte knew that Koh Ker had been the target of widespread looting during Cambodia’s three-decade civil war, which began in the late 1960s and included the cataclysmic reign of the Khmer Rouge. If the Sotheby’s statue had indeed come from that area, there was a high probability that it had been looted and if UNESCO could prove this, Cambodia might have a legal basis to ask for its return. But time was running out.
At dinner that night, Lemaistre, an elegant Parisian with long blonde hair and a sarcastic streak, happened to bump into Porte. When they discussed the piece again, they began to have serious doubts about acting. For one, there was little time to gather the necessary evidence to stop the sale, set to occur in just six days, a miniscule amount of time in a field where conclusions are reached after years of painstaking research. And if they did attempt to intervene, and the piece turned out to be a fake, which was a strong possibility given its sudden appearance on the market, they would look amateurish — and lack credibility the next time. “It’s simply not possible to stop the sale,” Lemaistre told Porte.
However, she began to change her mind over the weekend. Working from home, she exchanged a series of emails with Eric Bourdonneau, an archeologist at the Ecole française d’Extrême-Orient in Paris who had done fieldwork at Koh Ker. A prominent temple at the site called Prasat Chen, where the Norton Simon piece had come from, contained a second pedestal and set of feet that had mystified archeologists for years and had no known sculptural match. This second pedestal also bore damage typical of looting, just like the Norton Simon’s. Using computer models, Bourdonneau became convinced that the Sotheby’s statue belonged to the mysterious second pedestal, and that it depicted the deity Duryodhana just as he was about to engage in battle with the Norton Simon’s Bhima, a story told in the Mahabharata.
Lemaistre found Bourdonneau’s analysis persuasive, but she still needed assurance that the statue wasn’t a fake. On Monday evening, she received word from Baptiste at the Guimet Museum that a Khmer statue identical to the one at Sotheby’s had been put up for sale in 1975 by Spink & Son, a prominent London auction house, a transaction that had been recorded in the Guimet’s extensive archives. For Lemaistre, this piece of information confirmed that the statue was authentic — Cambodian antiquities had only become popular among collectors in recent years, meaning that no one would have bothered to fake such a piece 40 years ago — and thus provided the impetus she needed to intervene.
On Wednesday morning, just 36 hours before the Duryodhana was set to appear on the auction block, Lemaistre called the office of Cambodian Deputy Prime Minister Sok An, the second most powerful person in the government. (UNESCO alone can’t ask for the repatriation of antiquities; source-country governments must do so.) “Your Excellency, we need you to sign a letter opposing the sale,” Lemaistre told Sok. Although the Cambodian government’s priority was protecting antiquities it already had rather than going after ones it had lost, the piece’s historical and artistic significance convinced Sok to act. The government sent a letter to Sotheby’s dated March 24, the day of the auction, requesting the Duryodhana’s return.
Late Thursday evening in Phnom Penh, as the hour of the statue’s sale approached 12 time zones away in New York, Lemaistre anxiously monitored the Sotheby’s website, feverishly refreshing her screen for news. “We were sweating. We didn’t know what the effect of the letter would be. It was a kind of detective movie,” she later recalled. Then, mere hours before the piece was to go up for auction, it disappeared from the Sotheby’s website without explanation. Lemaistre, exhausted from the stress and a string of sleepless nights, cheered with joy. “That was very, very nice,” she said.
The sale had been stopped, but the fight over the statue was just beginning. Over the next year, the Cambodian government would negotiate unsuccessfully with Sotheby’s over the piece’s return, before eventually turning to the State Department for help. The US government, eager to score points with a close ally of China as the Obama Administration redirects its resources toward Asia, would throw itself behind Cambodia’s claim and file a lawsuit in a US court for its return. United States Of America v. A 10th Century Cambodian Sandstone Sculpture, the curiously named case that now awaits trial in the Southern District of New York, will ultimately decide the statue’s fate.
Sotheby’s says that the owner on whose behalf it was auctioning the piece, a Belgian widow named Decia Ruspoli di Poggio Suasa, acquired it legally and has every right to sell it. In court filings, the auction house’s attorneys argue that the statue could have been removed from Cambodia at any point during its 1,000-year history, and that the current Cambodian government has no legal claim on a piece “abandoned to the jungle 50 generations ago.” They have called the US government’s case “inconsistent with United States and foreign law … and common sense.”
Cambodia says it has proof that the Duryodhana was stolen in 1972 by an armed group during its civil war, effectively making it, like the conflict diamonds of Africa, a blood antiquity protected by the country’s patrimony laws. But more is at stake than the fate of one historically significant statue. The case is a landmark in the growing movement to restrict the trade in stolen art and antiquities, worth an estimated $4-6 billion annually. In recent years, European nations such as Italy and Greece have successfully secured the return of thousands of suspect pieces from American museums and collectors, often with the help of US law enforcement officials, placing serious legal and ethical constraints on the market for Classical antiquities. As that market has shrunk, collectors and dealers have moved elsewhere, including into the Asian market, a veritable free-for-all by comparison.
Cambodia hopes the case will staunch the tide of looting from its rich archeological sites, which is rampant to this day, and help secure the return of dozens of important pieces that have already left the country, many of which are on display in prominent American and European museums. “If this case is successful, it’s really going to open up a lot of potential claims in the United States. Because, frankly, American museums are full of war loot from Cambodia,” said Tess Davis, an American attorney specializing in cultural heritage law. The case has already compelled the Metropolitan Museum in New York to voluntarily return two statues from its collection that were taken from the same area of Koh Ker as the Duryodhana. “Anywhere we can find our artifacts, we will go after them, if we have the proof,” said Chan Tani, a Cambodian government official working on the case. “I don’t expect that we’ll get everything back. But anything we can do, we will do.”
As present-day conflicts have opened the door to widespread looting in poor, archeologically rich countries like Mali and Syria, Cambodia’s pursuit of its own plundered war treasure stands as an important test case. Can a small, undeveloped country still recovering from one of the most vicious episodes of the 20th century reclaim a piece of its artistic heritage in a US court of law? In order to do so, the US federal attorney prosecuting the case must answer two crucial questions. When was the statue taken out of Cambodia? And did anyone own it when it was removed?
In February of this year, two US Justice Department prosecutors traveled from New York to Cambodia in order to gather evidence for the case on the ground at Koh Ker. Three months later, I found myself in a bus bumping along the same rutted, copper-colored dirt road they had traveled, hoping to see what sort of clues they might have found. I was along for the ride with Chen Chanratana, a 34-year-old Cambodian archeologist who wrote his PhD thesis on Koh Ker at the Sorbonne, and a group of his university students from Phnom Penh. It was the dry season, so the rice paddies were brown and parched, and the entire landscape was blanketed in a thick layer of dust that the occasional passing car or motorbike kicked up into long, billowing plumes.
Koh Ker has long been one of the most inaccessible of Cambodia’s important archeological sites. Located in the impoverished, sparsely populated northwest, the ancient Khmer capital was only recently cut out of the jungle and cleared of landmines left over from the brutal civil war. Further intensifying the site’s feeling of remoteness is its close association with the Khmer Rouge, which occupied the area from the early 1970s until its ultimate surrender in 1998. Today, most residents there are former Khmer Rouge fighters who held out until the bitter end and now scrape by as subsistence rice farmers.
After the bus deposited us at Koh Ker, Chen led the group on a tour of the major temples, many of which have been reduced to heaps of crumbling laterite walls and piles of moss-covered columns. Stopping frequently to tell stories of Cambodia’s glorious past to his enraptured students, Chen, who eschews the functional dress of his archeological peers in favor of fashionable distressed jeans and buckled loafers, spoke into a battery-powered megaphone that sent his voice crackling around the grounds, which were empty except for a few stray dogs and some villagers selling snacks.
Chen’s interest in Koh Ker is unusual among Cambodian archeologists. For most of the 20th Century, the focus was on the city of Angkor, the largest known urban area in the preindustrial world and the seat of the Khmer empire for much of its 600-year existence. At its height, the kingdom dominated most of present-day Indochina, with its territory extending far into Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam, and parts of Burma and China. Compared to the ornate splendor of the traditional capital city of Angkor, though, which has breathtakingly elaborate depictions of epic battles carved into nearly every structural surface, Koh Ker’s relatively unadorned pediments and clean architectural lines can feel austere. For this reason, historians long considered it insignificant.
When Chen visited for the first time in 2003, Koh Ker captured his imagination. Jayavarman IV, the upstart king who moved the seat of government from Angkor to Koh Ker in 928, embarked on a massive building project that transformed, in less than a decade, a sleepy rural village into a grand city worthy of his status as god-king. The relocation of the capital represented more than just a political rupture; it ushered in a new era of Khmer art in which the statue would reign supreme. With instructions from the king to make a bold artistic statement, the country’s best sculptors liberated the characters of the Hindu epics from the spatial confines of the bas reliefs and depicted them leaping, dancing and soaring into space. “Technically, it’s very difficult to go from bas reliefs to free-standing statues in such a short time. Capturing movement in three dimensions is very complex,” Chen said. “These are amazing, beautiful pieces.”
In the years following Cambodia’s independence from France in 1953, a small number of French archeologists began to appreciate Koh Ker’s significance. Madeleine Giteau, the last French curator of Cambodia’s National Museum, traveled to the site in 1965 to study and photograph it. Although many of the structures were concealed by foliage, she found a wealth of temples and sculptures that were remarkably well preserved — a virtual open-air museum undisturbed by human hands. Just two years later, however, the situation had changed. Bernard Philippe Groslier, another French archeologist, visited and recorded evidence of looting in his diary.
Changes in Koh Ker and the country as a whole might have contributed to the arrival of looters. By the time of Groslier’s visit, the government had finished building a road to the site, making the removal of statues much easier logistically. In addition, the political situation was deteriorating rapidly due to the Vietnam War, which was spilling over Cambodia’s eastern border. By the late 1960s, Vietnamese communists were using ostensibly neutral Cambodia as a haven to escape American bombing, and a homegrown insurgency that would eventually become the Khmer Rouge was on the rise. These Cambodian communists, Viet Cong guerillas, and North Vietnamese Army soldiers mingled freely in large parts of the country, where they found themselves outgunned and in need of money. Selling antiquities on the black market would have been an easy source of cash, a practice that continues in other parts of the world today. “The trade in illicit antiquities thrives on conflict,” said Davis, the heritage lawyer.
In 1970, Cambodia was plunged into further chaos when its longtime ruler, Prince Norodom Sihanouk, lost power in a coup led by the US-backed general Lon Nol. That year, a young American naval intelligence officer named Larry Serra, who was stationed along the Cambodia-Vietnam border, received some surprising information from one of his field agents. The North Vietnamese had made significant inroads into Cambodian territory and taken control of Angkor, where they were pilfering antiquities and selling them on the black market for hard currency. “Angkor Wat was an easy target because it’s so big and there’s so much stuff to steal,” said Serra, who now works as an attorney in San Diego. The French anthropologist François Bizot also documented the presence of the Vietnamese at Angkor in his memoir of the war years, The Gate.
Serra believes that the looting would have been systematic and not the isolated work of local commanders. “This would have come from up higher,” he said. Despite the area’s challenging conditions, the North Vietnamese had the ability to deliver looted artifacts to buyers along the Thai border, where they would have been taken on to Bangkok. “These guys had experience going down the Ho Chi Minh trail getting bombed 24/7. They had the technical expertise to pull this off,” he said. When Serra heard about the Sotheby’s lawsuit, he alerted attorneys at the Justice Department about the existence of intelligence reports describing the looting, which are now archived in the Naval History and Heritage Command. “The looting of cultural artifacts really offended me, even in war time,” Serra said. (A spokesperson for the US Attorney’s Office declined to answer specific questions about evidence, citing the ongoing nature of the case.)
Koh Ker is just 60 miles northeast of Angkor, and Cambodians living in the area were well aware of looting occurring there, according to interviews Chen conducted during his field research. They remember seeing statues being removed from Koh Ker beginning in 1970, when communist forces arrived. One source, a local village chief, admitted to participating in the operation. That man, whom Chen declined to identify to me because he feared prosecution, received photos and maps with instructions on specific statues to steal. In exchange for payment, he would help break the pieces from their pedestals and move them by oxcart to waiting trucks for transport to Thailand. “The villagers told me that they had no choice but to loot because they were so poor. They didn’t think about the culture or heritage,” Chen said. However, few could remember specifically which pieces were taken. “They only know that a lot were moved,” he said.
Near the end of our morning tour, Chen led the group down a narrow dirt path that cut through a dense thicket of trees and vegetation and led into a clearing that contained a dilapidated, cellar-like structure. During the reign of Jayavarman IV, the enclosure would have contained nine statues depicting the final battle between the Duryodhana and the Bhima. “It was like a living theater scene,” Lemaistre had told me. When we arrived, however, only the pedestals remained, several bearing the hacked-off remnants of feet and toes — but little else. Of the nine missing statues, only one is accounted for and in Cambodia.
Prasat Chen is just one temple among many in a site measuring 31 square miles. Chen estimates that Koh Ker would have contained up to 100 important, museum-quality pieces. “We have no idea where most of them are,” he said. As we walked back to the bus, we passed through a wooden fence that was the only apparent security measure at the site. I looked around for guards but saw none. Surprised at how exposed the place was, I wondered why the Apsara Authority, the government agency in charge of protecting the site, wasn’t doing more to secure it. When I asked Chen, he smiled at me weakly, as if to humor my question. That’s when it occurred to me: at Koh Ker, there is nothing left to steal.
By early 2012, nearly a year after Sotheby’s had pulled the Duryodhana from the block, negotiations between the Cambodian government and the auction house had stalled. A Hungarian collector of Khmer art, István Zelnik, who was stationed in Southeast Asia as a diplomat in the 1970s, offered to buy the piece for $1 million and donate it to Cambodia. But the deal broke down, with both sides blaming the other for the failure to reach an agreement.
Unsure of what to do next, Lemaistre reached out to the US Embassy in Phnom Penh, which in recent years has worked to return cultural objects to Cambodia, often with great fanfare. Embassy officials proposed a bold, unusual move: they would launch an investigation into the legality of the Sotheby’s sale. The Cambodian government agreed, and a number of US government agencies became involved in the effort, including the Department of Homeland Security and the Justice Department. “I have to say, when the Americans decide to do something, it is serious,” Lemaistre said.
With the US government now fully behind Cambodia’s claim, the dispute headed to court. In April 2012, Assistant US Attorney Sharon Levin, head of the office’s asset forfeiture unit, filed a complaint with the US Southern District of New York calling for federal agents to seize the statue. The complaint, amended by Levin with additional information in November 2012, laid out the government’s version of the statue’s journey from Koh Ker to New York, which tracked closely with the information I learned from visiting the site and interviewing sources.
According to the complaint, an organized looting network removed the statue from Koh Ker in or around 1972 and transported it to the Thai border, where it was moved on to a dealer in Bangkok; there, a collector, who later identified himself as Douglas Latchford, a British expatriate with a large collection of Khmer art, bought the piece despite, again according to the complaint, knowing that it had been looted. (In an email exchange with me, Latchford denied ever owning the statue, saying his role in the case had been “completely misrepresented.” He declined to discuss the case further.) According to the US Attorney's complaint, Latchford then conspired with a British auction house, later identified as Spink & Son, to fraudulently export the statue to London, where it sold the piece to a Belgian businessman in 1975. In 2000, following the death of the businessman, his wife, Decia Ruspoli di Poggio Suasa, took possession of the piece. Ten years later, in 2010, Ruspoli entered into an agreement with Sotheby’s to sell the Duryodhana.
None of these allegations would have come as a surprise to those with knowledge of the trade in Cambodian antiquities. But the complaint did contain one bombshell: during pre-auction research into the piece’s provenance, Sotheby’s had allegedly been warned that it was looted. Citing internal emails between the auction house and a scholar of Cambodian art hired to write the statue’s catalogue entry, the complaint quotes the scholar, widely believed to be Emma Bunker, warning that the “Cambodians in Phnom Penh now have clear evidence that it was definitely stolen from Prasat Chen at Koh Ker, as the feet are still in situ … It is also quite possible that the Cambodians might block the sale and ask for the piece back.” It was a damning bit of information that, if true, suggested that Sotheby’s had tried to sell an object despite knowing that it had been looted.
This wasn’t the first time the US government had worked on Cambodia’s behalf to repatriate a cultural object. Since 2003, when Washington and Phnom Penh signed a treaty restricting the import of Cambodian artifacts into the United States, at least 27 pieces have been returned. These repatriations and similar activities, such as refurbishing ancient temples, have helped to bolster the Asia pivot, a US foreign-policy strategy that is redirecting diplomatic and military resources from the Middle East to Asia, at a time when China’s influence in the region has expanded dramatically.
But the Duryodhana case is bigger than those efforts — and has much larger diplomatic ramifications. It has received front-page coverage from the New York Times, and the highest levels of the Cambodian government are engaged in it. According to John Ciorciari, a Southeast Asia expert at Michigan University, cultural diplomacy initiatives such as these can win diplomatic favor at a time when the United States lags far behind China in the regional competition for influence. “It communicates respect,” he said. “These types of diplomatic initiatives represent much of the way in which the US pivot to Asia plays out in practice, and over time, their cumulative effect can be considerable.” For its part, the Cambodian government has been effusive in its praise of the United States, with which it has a complicated, sometimes rocky, relationship. “US cooperation on this issue has been very important to us,” said Chan Tani, the Cambodian government official.
But critics accuse the US government of undermining the integrity of the American legal system in pursuit of its foreign-policy goals. “To the extent that these cases are being pushed by foreign policy considerations, this should be a concern,” said Peter Tompa, a cultural property attorney in Washington. “Part of the problem with the State Department pushing these cases is that they aren’t investigated properly. They just seize the property and try to bully the person into giving it up.”
Whatever the US government’s motives for pursuing the case, Assistant Attorney Levin has built a large body of evidence suggesting that, at face value at least, the statue was looted. But even if all of the facts in the complaint are true, there is another, more legally complex issue to contend with. In order for the piece to be ruled stolen in a US court, someone actually had to own it when it was dug up from Koh Ker in 1972, more than a millennium after King Jayavarman IV commissioned its creation.
Since the formation of the UNESCO Convention of 1970, a landmark treaty signed by 124 countries that seeks to limit the trade of illicit antiquities, archeology has increasingly become a lawyer’s game. Tess Davis, an American attorney, was planning to pursue a master’s degree in archeology but enrolled in law school instead after spending two years in the mid-2000s in Cambodia. “I’ve never been to a single temple or sanctuary in Cambodia that hasn’t been looted. I realized that there was not going to be anything left to study if the situation wasn’t addressed,” she said.
Now a researcher with the University of Glasgow in Scotland, Davis, a Georgia native with the faint trace of a Southern accent, works full time on cultural property law, a growing field. She is a firm, articulate advocate for the right of source countries to demand the return of stolen pieces. “I’ve ruined many museum visits for my friends,” she joked over drinks one night in Phnom Penh in August. “I’ll say, ‘Oh, you can see the chisel marks on that piece,’ or, ‘This was acquired in what year? That’s very curious, because there was a war going on then.’” Of the Duryodhana, which she has advised the Cambodian government on, Davis is unequivocal. “There is no legal supply of ancient Khmer art. That’s like saying it’s legal to sell a gargoyle hacked off of Notre Dame,” she said.
In January 2012, with negotiations between Sotheby’s and Cambodia going nowhere, Davis cashed in her savings and bought a ticket to Cambodia to research the country’s cultural patrimony laws, which are becoming increasingly important in cases like this. In order for prosecutors to prove in a US court that an object is stolen, they must demonstrate that a source-country government (or a national people) had claimed ownership of it through its own laws. Davis combed through the crumbling files of the National Archives, part of Phnom Penh’s grand, pale-yellow Art Deco library complex, and discovered a range of laws, beginning in 1900, declaring the country’s cultural objects to be property of the state, with some identifying Prasat Chen by name.
It turned out that the French colonial administration, and later the independent Cambodian government, considered looting to be a problem worth addressing — and for good reason. In 1923, in one of the earliest and most notorious examples of temple raiding in Southeast Asia, a dashing young André Malraux, having just emerged from his early dabblings with Surrealism, traveled to Cambodia in the hopes of making a quick profit. He trekked deep into the jungle and helped himself to some bas reliefs from a major Angkorian temple with the aim of selling them to a museum. The colonial authorities arrested Malraux and seized the piece, despite his argument — echoed 90 years later by attorneys for Sotheby’s — that no one legally owned it when he took it. Although L’Affaire Malraux grabbed front-page headlines around the world and propelled the cultural property debate into the public consciousness, the thorny issues it raised — best distilled, perhaps, by the title of a recent anthology of essays on the subject, Who Owns the Past? — have yet to be resolved nearly a century later.
In the years after the 1970 UNESCO Convention went into effect, Western museums, whose founding principle is the ownership (and display and study) of historical objects, resisted attempts by source countries to reclaim their pieces. In turn, source-country governments, including those of Italy, Egypt and Turkey, became more aggressive in their pursuit of these pieces, using their police to build evidence of theft and filing lawsuits in domestic courts. These countries also began using non-legal means, such as denying researchers access to dig sites and suspending loan agreements of important objects, in order to put pressure on museums that they view as intransigent.
Some museums and their allies have bristled at such tactics. “[G]iving up objects has done little to halt the international trade in looted antiquities, while rewarding the hardball tactics of foreign governments and impoverishing Americans’ access to the ancient world,” Hugh Eakin wrote in a much-discussed recent essay in The New York Times entitled “The Great Giveback.” Peter Tompa, the cultural property lawyer, said collectors aren’t doing enough to resist source-country claims. “There’s a fallacy that all of these collectors are wealthy and well-funded. Most of them are small-time, and they’re very disorganized,” he said.
Also at issue is whether source countries are doing enough to prevent the trade of illicit objects within their own borders. If they’re not, they have little right to ask for pieces back from foreign countries, Tompa said: “The countries that make these claims — we’re not talking about Britain or France, countries with rule of law and decent legal systems. We’re talking about countries that, if you look at Transparency International, are way down on the list.”
Cambodia says it is doing its best to stop antiquities trafficking within its borders, but the reality on the ground suggests otherwise. On a recent Saturday in Phnom Penh, I visited Psar Tuol Tom Pong, a local market that does a healthy trade in small-time antiquities. (There are similar markets at tourist sites throughout the country.) Popping into several stores around the market’s perimeter, I saw hundreds of objects — ceramic bowls, clay water jugs, spiral bracelets, tobacco pipes, coins and kitchen utensils — crammed into wooden display cases. Caked in dirt and covered in barnacles, they are the quotidian residue of thousands of lives from the Angkor period. Archeologists say these objects, most of which come from gravesites, can fill major gaps in the historical record.
But to the shop owners of Psar Tuol Tom Pong, they are little more than a source of income. “I have people pulling these out of the ground for me,” one shopkeeper bragged to me, in between fielding inquiries from an Asian tourist picking over her inventory. In the back corner of the store, I was drawn to a bowling ball-sized statue of a squatting deity. For $2,800, the woman told me, I could own this bronze Angkor-era Shiva that had recently been found in the northwest. “It’s a special one. You won’t find any others like it,” she said, beaming. On the way out, I noticed a prominently displayed photo of two men, one of whom was wearing military fatigues. As is the custom for Cambodian businesses, the photo was meant to convey the owner’s connections to high-ranking members of the military and government, whose cooperation is no doubt essential for ventures like these.
As the debate over the antiquities trade rumbles on in university lecture halls and on the pages of legal blogs and journals, US law on the subject is still very new — and evolving quickly. Although Cambodia is confident of its claim over the Duryodhana, victory in court is hardly assured. Cases like these can be decided as much on legal technicalities as they are on the facts, no matter how obvious they might seem. In March of last year, a US judge dismissed a lawsuit brought by the Justice Department on behalf of Egypt against the St. Louis Art Museum for the return of an ancient mummy mask, despite widespread belief that the piece had been stolen. “These are highly complex cases,” said St. Hilaire, the cultural property lawyer. “The prosecution must prove three things: that the piece was stolen; that the piece was still stolen when it was imported into the United States; and that the claimant knew the piece was stolen.”
For Cambodians, such legal nuances cloud what for them is essentially a moral issue. “The statue was looted during our civil war. Now, the country is at peace. The statue should be reunited with the Cambodian people,” said Ek Tha, a government spokesman. For a country still healing from the savagery of the Khmer Rouge, which sought to erase Cambodian culture in pursuit of its nightmarish agrarian utopia, cultural objects like the Duryodhana hold deep meaning. In recent years, the country’s rag-tag army has fought a border war with Thailand’s modern, well-equipped military over land surrounding Preah Vihear, a 12th Century temple, stirring Cambodian nationalism — and uniting the country — like few other issues. Even the Khmer Rouge put Angkor Wat on its short-lived national flag. “We are proud of our ancestors, who left a lot of things for us. These objects are a part of our identity and memory,” said Im Sokrithy, a Cambodian historian.
I was reminded of this during a visit to Phnom Penh’s National Museum on a recent weekday morning. Groups of Cambodians and foreign tourists strolled through the building’s breezy, open-air galleries, which contain the country’s best collection of Angkor-era artifacts, including a number of impressive pieces from Koh Ker. Throughout the museum, attendants wearing traditional silk sarongs distributed garlands of white jasmine, which visitors touched to their foreheads as they bowed in prayer before statues depicting the Hindu deities. “These sculptures are a living image of the gods. They have their own souls. We believe that there is somebody there,” Im said.
In the museum’s conservation workshop, located in a side wing with massive windows that opened onto a garden full of chirping birds and tropical trees, a team of Cambodian conservators worked meticulously to restore a hulking lion statue held aloft by a series of pulleys suspended from a metal beam. The workshop, which was strewn with dozens of stone figures whose arms, legs and heads had been hacked off by looters, felt like a hospital trauma ward. Despite the damage, though, the sculptures managed to retain something of their original majesty. The two statues returned by the Met in June had been placed in the center of the floor, their arms crossed solemnly as they gazed into the middle distance, where the Duryodhana would have once leapt into battle in the recessed tableau at Koh Ker. Nine thousand miles away, a federal court in New York will decide soon if they will be together again.
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To build a strong STEM workforce in Nevada, Nevada Gold Mines and Nevada Robotics are bringing STEM Education to schools across the state. Continue Reading Nevada Gold Mines Supports DRI’s Nevada Robotics STEM Education Programs
“Buen Aire Para Todos” project will create a new air quality monitoring system for Latinx community in East Las Vegas
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Fr. Edward Shoback
Diocese of Scranton
Assigned as follows:
- 1967: St. Ann (Shohola, PA)
- 1967-1968: St. Stephen (Plymouth, PA)
- 1968-1970: Holy Rosary (Ashley, PA)
- 1970-1974: St. Therese (Wilkes-Barre, PA)
- 1974-1980: St. Aloysius (Wilkes-Barre, PA)
- 1980-1987: St. John Nepomucene (Luzerne, PA)
- 1987-1989: Transfiguration (West Hazleton, PA)
- 1989-2004: Ss. Peter and Paul (Scranton, PA)
Summary of Sexual Abuse Allegations against Father Edward Shoback:
Father Edward Shoback was ordained a priest in 1967, who served in multiple parishes in the Diocese of Scranton. According to media reports, in 2002, the Diocese received a report from an adult man who stated that he was sexually abused by Shoback in approximately 1977. Shoback denied the allegation, and it appears that no further action was taken. He remained in ministry despite the U.S. bishops’ adoption of the “zero tolerance policy” in Dallas, Texas, only weeks earlier.
In 2004, a second man contacted the Diocese of Scranton to report he was abused in 1981 as a 12 year old boy. The priest invited the boy to the rectory to watch a movie and performed oral sex on him.
Three days later, a third man contacted the Diocese of Scranton to report that he too was abused. A few days later, a fourth man also reported his abuse by Shoback.
Shoback admitted to the first set of 2004 allegations. He was removed from ministry. Three more victims came forward in response to the Diocese of Scranton’s notice in parish bulletins that Shoback had been removed. The Diocese received additional complaints in 2007 and 2009, bringing the total number of reports to the Diocese of Scranton to nine.
In 2018, Shoback was first named publicly as accused in the PA Grand Jury report. According to the Diocese, he was eventually laicized, but it did not provide a date. The grand jury report does not indicate he was laicized, as it generally does for other priests removed from the priesthood. Therefore, Shoback’s status with the Church is not clear.
At any rate, Shoback is still alive and believed to be residing in the Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, area. He is 76 years old.
Shoback’s brother, Thomas P. Shoback, also became a priest of the Diocese of Scranton. In 2013, Thomas Shoback was convicted of nine charges relating to his sexual abuse of a child as well.
Horowitz Law is a law firm representing victims and survivors of sexual abuse by Catholic priests and other clergy in the Diocese of Scranton. If you need a lawyer because you were sexually abused by a priest in Pennsylvania, contact our office today. Although many years have passed, those abused by Catholic clergy in the Diocese of Scranton may have legal options, but filing deadlines will apply so do not delay in reaching out to us. Our lawyers have decades of experience representing survivors of clergy sexual abuse in Pennsylvania and nationwide. We can help.
Contact us at (888) 283-9922 or firstname.lastname@example.org to discuss your options today.
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Smithsonian Affiliations is a division of the Smithsonian Institution that establishes long-term partnerships with non-Smithsonian museums and educational and cultural organizations, in order to share collections, exhibitions and educational strategies and conduct joint research.
Partner organizations are known as "Smithsonian Affiliates" and are allowed to use the tag line "In Association with the Smithsonian Institution" and the approved Smithsonian Affiliations logo on their website, programming, and marketing material. Any 501(c)(3) nonprofit or publicly operated educational entity can apply to become a Smithsonian Affiliate.
The Smithsonian Affiliations program was established in 1996 by Smithsonian Secretary I. Michael Heyman with the approval of the Smithsonian Board of Regents, in response to several challenges the Institution faced at the time: a decrease in federal funding, limited storage space for expanding collections, and the need to make the Institution more reflective of the nation without operating additional museums outside of Washington, D.C.
In 1993, the Commission on the Future of the Smithsonian Institution introduced the first proposal for initiatives promoting strategic, collections-based partnerships at the Institution. The Commission, composed of 22 members appointed by the Smithsonian Board of Regents, was charged with examining the Institution's ability to uphold James Smithson's vision of an organization dedicated to "the increase and diffusion of knowledge" despite a changing society and increasing financial hardships. Of the four initiatives proposed by the Commission: Educate More of the Nation's People; Collections, Research and Exhibitions; Governance; and Assure the Future, two directly called for the creation of strategic partnerships and making artifacts in the collections accessible to other museums.
To Educate More of the Nation's People: "Build collaborative partnerships with other museums, research centers, and educational institutions throughout the nation."
Collections, Research and Exhibitions: "Shape a master plan for maintenance of the priceless collections, including the sharing of collections through long-term or permanent loans to partner institutions."
Significant emphasis was placed on the benefits that partnerships with outside museums would create for the Institution. By dispersing artifacts to museums in a responsible way, the Commission believed it, "could make the Institution more reflective of our nation… [as well as] address the problem of storing, curating, studying, and exhibiting the constantly growing collections."
In 1996, during his second year as Secretary, Heyman observed several challenges facing the Institution. Closely aligned with the announcements presented by the "Commission on the Future of the Smithsonian Institution" in 1993, Heyman was faced with the challenges of dwindling storage for expanding collections, decreasing funds, and the need to reinforce the Smithsonian's identity as the nation's museum. In addition, the Institution began to see increased interest from outside museums for partnerships and loans of artifacts that extended beyond standing practices. Although collaborative agreements in the form of traveling exhibitions, joint exhibition sponsorship, and loans had been entered in the past by different Smithsonian museums, no infrastructure existed to provide institution-wide oversight and coordination of such partnerships. Heyman responded to these challenges by creating the Smithsonian Affiliations program to oversee and manage collections-based partnerships with other museums. As stated by the minutes from the Smithsonian Board of Regents meeting housed in the Smithsonian Institution Archives, the program was formally approved by the Board of Regents on September 15, 1996.
Using the occasion of the Smithsonian Institution's 150th Anniversary, Smithsonian Affiliations was one of several outreach initiatives introduced by Heyman to expand the Institution's reach nationally. In addition to the Affiliations program, the Institution became more accessible through its presence on the World Wide Web and through the largest traveling exhibition Smithsonian ever mounted, America's Smithsonian. Secretary Heyman made formal announcements about the Affiliations program while delivering opening remarks for the Smithsonian's 150th Birthday Party on the Mall and in a number of cities for the opening of America's Smithsonian:
"The Smithsonian of the future must provide access to its collections and its vast resources. There is no value in being just the largest if we do not share the Smithsonian with as many people as possible. It means making sure those who cannot travel to Washington can somehow experience and enjoy the Smithsonian." – Secretary I. Michael Heyman
The program was well-received by museums across the country. At the end of the 1997 fiscal year, there were already 21 organizations recognized as Affiliates. As of 2017, there are over 200 Affiliates.
Smithsonian Affiliations considers membership proposals from organizations that will advance the Smithsonian Institution's mission and strategic plan. Successful applicants are non-profit or publicly operated organizations whose missions are directed toward advancing research, knowledge, and education in science, history, and the arts. The guidelines of Smithsonian Affiliations establishes that the Smithsonian Institution maintain appropriate control over all collections loaned and that Affiliates cover all costs associated with borrowing and exhibiting objects. To qualify as an Affiliate, an organization must prove that it is able to properly care for, protect, and exhibit Smithsonian collections on a long-term basis. Strong applicants are organizations that are fiscally sound and capable of developing, installing, and evaluating professional exhibitions.
While serving as an Affiliate, organizations are required to grant Smithsonian Institution curators and personnel access to visit borrowed artifacts, provide the Smithsonian with reports and information necessary to monitor the state of the partnership, and uphold the integrity of the Board of Regents.
To become an Affiliate, organizations must submit an application package to Smithsonian Affiliations. Applicants are required to provide documentation that confirms IRS status as a 501(c)3 entity and a narrative detailing how the agreement will be mutually beneficial. Applications must also include a copy of the institution's mission statement, an organizational chart, an annual report, and a facilities report that follows the American Alliance of Museums format. Once approved, Affiliates are required to sign a Smithsonian Affiliations Agreement form and are assigned a National Outreach Manager to oversee loans and projects. All loan agreements are set for defined period of time.
Affiliate organizations participate in a number of professional training, outreach, and programming initiatives coordinated by the Smithsonian Affiliations office.
The Smithsonian Affiliations program supports, develops, and organizes a number of collaborative programs to promote education in science, art, history, and culture.
Affiliate organizations exchange ideas, professional research, and information about programming and exhibitions through a variety of activities including lecture, traveling exhibitions, workshops and reciprocal membership.
Affiliate organizations share research, exhibitions, and institutional updates through a variety of social media including the Smithsonian Affiliations website, the Affiliate Blog, the quarterly newsletter The Affiliate, the electronic newsletter E-Affiliate, YouTube, Flickr, Facebook and Twitter.
The following are representative samples of loans of artifacts, works of art, and scientific specimens loaned by the Smithsonian Institution to Smithsonian Affiliate organizations.
The National Museum of American History loaned the Pioneer (locomotive), a Civil War-era locomotive, to the B&O Railroad Museum in Baltimore, Maryland for the exhibit The War Came by Train.
Thomas Moran's painting The Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone, in the collection of the Smithsonian American Art Museum, was loaned to the Buffalo Bill Historical Center in Cody, Wyoming. The massive painting was on view from June 1, 2009 through October 31, 2009.
Artifacts from the Bisbee Mineral Collection at the National Museum of Natural History were loaned to the Bisbee Mining and Historical Museum in Bisbee, Arizona for use in the exhibit Digging In: Bisbee's Mineral Heritage.
Over 140 space objects, including the original Apollo 13 command module and the space suit worn by commanding astronaut James Lovell, were loaned to the Kansas Cosmosphere and Space Center in Hutchinson, Kansas.
The Durham Museum in Omaha, Nebraska borrowed 174 artifacts for the exhibit American Originals: Collections from the Smithsonian. Borrowed artifacts included the jacket worn by Bob Keeshan while filming the children's television series, Captain Kangaroo, a three-wheel Westcoaster Mailster used by the United States Postal Service in the 1960s, and two oil on canvass paintings of U.S. Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall and Seneca Chief Red Jacket.
The National Museum of American History loaned Kermit the Frog to the National Mississippi River Museum and Aquarium in Dubuque, Iowa for use in the exhibit Toadally Frogs!
The Annmarie Sculpture Garden in Solomons, Maryland has over 20 sculptures on loan from the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden.
The National Museum of Natural History loaned the Smithsonian Community Reef to the Putnam Museum and IMAX Theatre in Davenport, Iowa. The reef is composed of thousands of crocheted natural reef forms and was a highlight of the Sant Ocean Hall exhibit at the National Museum of Natural History .
"The Peoria Falcon," a sheet of copper stylized in the form of a falcon, was loaned to the Lakeview Museum of Arts and Sciences (now Peoria Riverfront Museum) in Peoria, Illinois by the National Museum of Natural History. The artifact was created during the Mississippian Period and excavated near Peoria, Illinois in the late 1850s.
The National Postal Museum loaned the Railway Post Office to the North Carolina Transportation Museum in Spencer, North Carolina.
The National Museum of Natural History loaned an 18-karat gold Monopoly set covered with precious gemstones to the Museum of American Finance in New York, New York. The board game was designed by artist Sidney Mobell.
The National Museum of Natural History loaned the skeleton of the racehorse, "Lexington," to the International Museum of the Horse in Lexington, Kentucky
The top hat worn by president Abraham Lincoln on the night of his assassination was loaned to the Blackhawk Museum in Danville, California by the National Museum of American History.
The exhibit, Smithsonian Expeditions: Exploring Latin American and the Caribbean at the Miami Museum of Science, borrowed several artifacts from the National Museum of Natural History including painted gourds and a 5-foot tall monolith from the Nicaraguan island of Momotombito.
The Historic Arkansas Museum borrowed over 40 artifacts from the National Museum of the American Indian for the exhibit We Walk in Two Worlds: The Caddo, Osage and Quapaw in Arkansas.
The Smithsonian American Art Museum loaned three José Campeche paintings to the Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
The Senator John Heinz History Center in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania has on loan from the National Museum of American History a Bantam Jeep and a piece of the original Star Spangled Banner Flag.
Yokohama prints from the Freer Gallery of Art and the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery were loaned to the Japanese American National Museum in Los Angeles, California for the exhibit Japan After Perry: Views of Yokohama and Meiji Japan.
The National Postal Museum loaned stamp designs and drawings created by president Franklin D. Roosevelt to the Blackhawk Museum in Danville, California.
((cite magazine)): Cite magazine requires
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Deleting a derived class object using a pointer to a base class that has a non-virtual destructor results in undefined behavior. To correct this situation, the base class should be defined with a virtual destructor. For example, following program results in undefined behavior.
Although the output of following program may be different on different compilers, when compiled using Dev-CPP, it prints following:
Constructing base Constructing derived Destructing base
Making base class destructor virtual guarantees that the object of derived class is destructed properly, i.e., both base class and derived class destructors are called. For example,
Constructing base Constructing derived Destructing derived Destructing base
As a guideline, any time you have a virtual function in a class, you should immediately add a virtual destructor (even if it does nothing). This way, you ensure against any surprises later.
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A day in the life of a Paediatric Respiratory Nurse Specialist
21 September 2021
By Claire Jackman, Royal Brompton Hospital
Good morning! I’m Claire, paediatric respiratory nurse specialist at the Royal Brompton Hospital. Follow me while I navigate you through a day in the life of an asthma nurse. There is no such thing as a typical day’s work as every day brings something new.
Grab your morning coffee and let the day begin!
The first task of the morning is monitoring asthmas admissions, collaborating with the ward and other healthcare professionals such as respiratory physiologists. Since COVID-19, we are able to monitor children’s lung function at home and if their results come back low, we will call and support families and patients – this can sometimes mean advising them to go to A&E if we are really worried. We will also support and see any children and families admitted to the ward.
Some mornings we hold an outpatient clinic concentrating on new referrals and children with difficult asthma who require increased monitoring.
Whenever we see a patient – whether that be via video call, during clinic or while they are on the ward – we always offer education around what asthma is, the importance of remembering to take inhalers and inhaler technique. We also make sure everyone has an up to date asthma plan and that they understand it. Sadly, we know from the National Review of Asthma Deaths 2014 that poorly controlled asthma and lack of an asthma plan are factors in asthma deaths.
Throughout the day we conduct video nursing consultations, including for children receiving homecare for their biologic treatment. During the video consultation we support the families in administering the injections as well as asking the patient and their family numerous questions about their asthma and asthma control over the past month and providing education and tips on inhaler technique. (Unfortunately, not all patients receiving a biologic can receive homecare and these patients will come to the hospital every 2 weeks or every month for their injections.)
We also conduct home visits, because seeing the children and families in their own environment is great assessment tool. We assess the child’s asthma control, inhaler technique, and consider the impact of their home environment on their day-to-day life. Sometimes we have to have difficult conversations if we think a family pet may be making a patient’s asthma worse. That’s a part of the job we really hate.
You will catch us having some lunch; we do our best to take a break for 20 minutes, but usually lunch is eaten on the go (especially if our morning clinic has over-run). We then prepare for the second half of the day.
Once a week the whole team (doctors, physios, pharmacist, psychologist and the specialist nurses) discuss any particular worries or concerns with any of our patients – it’s a great way to get support and advice from the wider team and further improves the care we give our patients.
If we have patients admitted for assessment of asthma control and symptoms, we take them out to the park or to a museum not only to have some fun and build a professional relationship with these children, but also to assess their asthma symptoms when exposed to different environmental factors. It also allows us to assess any exercised-induced symptoms. This has got to be one of my favourite parts of the job.
Our team provides education to other healthcare professionals within the hospital to ensure everyone is up to date with the correct research and asthma treatments available. We provide our colleagues with short in-service training sessions on how best to manage a child with asthma. We also signpost to the many resources available to healthcare professionals as well as children and their families.
It’s now coming up to 5pm – sometimes known as the hour of power where you try and finish off all the tasks you didn’t manage to complete earlier in the day, and we do our best leave the office on time.
I enjoy the autonomy and variety of the work, particularly seeing the positive difference that can be made in a child’s asthma symptoms and management through education. I love being part of a team of likeminded colleagues who are all so passionate about helping children and young people with asthma.
End of the day
It’s now time to put your feet up and relax for the evening. Thank you for coming on this journey with me.
Before giving patients and families the at-home device, we provide them with the necessary education, so they know when to present to A&E and know not to wait for our follow-up call. This is very important with at-home monitoring devices because in emergency scenarios every second counts.
See more from #AskAboutAsthma 2021
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Childcare Intermediate Apprenticeship Level 2
A career in childcare is demanding, fun, responsible and focuses on children and families. It is about making sure children are looked after, kept safe, happy, active, well-nourished and helped to develop social and practical skills. To succeed, you need to be caring, patient, have lots of energy and enjoy meeting different people.
This qualification prepares individuals to work under supervision with children and young people from birth to age 19, in roles such as pre-school assistants, or care workers in children’s centres, day nurseries and nursery classes. Learners who do a childcare apprenticeship with tpm wll be employed in a local children’s day nursery.
At least 16 years of age
NCFE CACHE Level 2 Certificate for the Children and Young People’s
Level 2 Award in Employment Responsibilities and Rights in Health, Social Care, Children and Young People’s Settings
Child and young person development, safeguarding the welfare of children and young people, working in partnership, supporting positive behaviour in children and young people, supporting individuals with disabilities, supporting children’s communication, language and literacy, understanding the needs of children who are vulnerable and experiencing poverty, supporting children’s creativity.
- Learners are employed in a local nursery throughout their Apprenticeship
- Many learners are kept on by nurseries after they complete their training
- Learners can progress to Advanced Apprenticeship Level 3
Funding This course can be funded by the Government, depending on eligibility. Otherwise, the course can be funded through an Adult Learning Loan, or paid for privately. Ask one of our advisors for full details of funding available.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://tpmnow.co.uk/courses/childcare-intermediate-apprenticeship-level-2/
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| 0.948637
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By Rod Nickel
PANAMA CITY, Fla. (Reuters) - Hurricane Michael, the fiercest storm to hit Florida in a quarter century and the third-most powerful ever to strike the U.S. mainland, roared into the state's Gulf coast on Wednesday with tree-snapping winds and towering waves.
Michael, whose rapid intensification as it churned north over the Gulf of Mexico caught many by surprise, made landfall early in the afternoon near Mexico Beach, about 20 miles (32 km) southeast of Panama City in Florida's Panhandle region, with top sustained winds reaching 155 miles per hour (249 kph).
The storm came ashore as a Category 4 hurricane on the five-step Saffir-Simpson wind scale. Its sustained winds were just 2 mph (3.2 kph) shy of an extremely rare Category 5.
As predicted, the storm was downgraded hours later to a still-formidable Category 3 with maximum sustained winds of 125 mph (205 kph) and higher gusts as it pushed inland to the Alabama-Georgia border.
Causing major disruptions to oil and gas production in the Gulf even before its arrival, the storm was forecast to unleash waves as high as 14 feet (4.3 meters) above normal sea levels in some areas, the National Hurricane Center said.
“My God, it’s scary. I didn’t expect all this,” said Bill Manning, 63, a grocery clerk who fled his camper van in Panama City for safer quarters in a hotel, only to see the electricity there go out. "Panama City, I don’t know if there will be much left."
Only a couple of hours after Michael came ashore, floodwaters were more than 7-1/2 feet (2.3 meters) deep near Apalachicola on Florida's Panhandle, National Hurricane Center Director Ken Graham said.
Authorities had urged coastal residents in 20 Florida counties along a 200-mile (320-km) stretch of shoreline to head to higher ground before the storm, but anyone who had not fled by Wednesday morning was told it was too late to evacuate.
An estimated 6,000 evacuees took cover in emergency shelters, most of them in Florida, and that number was expected to swell to 20,000 across five states by week's end, said Brad Kieserman of the American Red Cross.
Even before Michael made full landfall, it was whipping trees with its winds and flooding the town of Port St. Joe.
"It feels like you don't know when the next tree is going to fall on top of you because its blowing so ferociously," said Port St. Joe Mayor Bo Patterson. "It's very, very scary. We have trees being uprooted, heavy, heavy rain."
Patterson said about 2,500 of the town's 3,500 people had stayed put, including about 100 in a beachside area who ignored a mandatory evacuation order. "This happened so quickly, we weren't exactly prepared," he said.
Brock Long, head of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), said early evacuation efforts in the area were slow.
Michael grew from a tropical storm into a Category 4 hurricane over the course of about 40 hours.
"Satellite images of Michael’s evolution on Tuesday night were, in a word, jaw-dropping," wrote Bob Henson, a meteorologist with weather site Weather Underground.
With minimum barometric pressure recorded at 919 millibars, a measure of hurricane strength, Michael stood as the strongest storm ever to hit Florida's Panhandle and the most intense anywhere in the state since Hurricane Andrew in 1992.
Michael also ranked as the third-most powerful storm on record to make landfall in the continental United States, after Hurricane Camille on the Mississippi Gulf Coast in 1969 and the so-called Labor Day hurricane of 1935 in the Florida Keys.
President Donald Trump declared a state of emergency for the entire state of Florida, freeing up federal assistance to supplement state and local disaster responses. He was briefed by FEMA's Long in the Oval Office on preparations.
At mid-afternoon, about 192,000 homes and business customers were already without power in Florida alone, with more outages reported in Georgia and Alabama, utility companies said.
Michael was forecast to move across southeastern Alabama and southwestern Georgia on Wednesday night.
Helen Neal, 88, and her husband, J.W. Neal, 87, preferred to take their chances in a hotel rather than stay in their two-story Panama City Beach beachfront house about a mile away.
"We just finished renovating and updating," she said. "We’re kind of nervous. God willing, we’ll still have some place."
About 3,500 Florida National Guard troops were deployed to assist with evacuations and storm recovery, along with more than 1,000 search-and-rescue personnel, Governor Rick Scott said.
NHC's Graham warned that the storm would continue to pack tropical storm-force winds when it reached the Carolinas, still reeling from severe flooding in the aftermath of Hurricane Florence last month. Up to a foot (30 cm) of rainfall was forecast for some areas from Michael.
Scott declared a state of emergency in 35 Florida counties. Georgia Governor Nathan Deal declared an emergency for 92 counties in his state, and a state of emergency also was announced in North Carolina.
(Reporting by Devika Krishna Kumar in Tallahassee, Florida; Additional reporting by Rod Nickel in Panama City, Florida, Susan Heavey, Steve Holland and Roberta Rampton in Washington, Gina Cherelus and Barbara Goldberg in New York, Brendan O'Brien in Milwaukee, Liz Hampton in Houston, Andrew Hay in New MexicoWriting by Lisa Shumaker and Bill Trott; Editing by Bill Berkrot and Cynthia Osterman)
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<urn:uuid:c6134b81-9664-4a3b-ac35-c9e613c066e0>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.yahoo.com/news/hurricane-michael-becomes-category-4-florida-braces-monster-073715685.html
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| 0.963503
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I often talk with friends and colleagues in the PCB design community about trends. A subject that comes up often, and has probably been beaten to death, is the use of auto routers in today’s PCB designs. The answer I hear more often than anything else is, “We don’t use auto routing on our designs.” Why is this?
Is there something that auto routers are not providing? Is there something more they could do? Are they not fast enough?
I often hear, “I don’t like the way they route.” It’s true, X/Y layer biasing and lots of vias placed can make for a lot of manual cleanup. Maybe this is why I also get the comment, “I like my designs to be pretty.”
Please continue reading after you stop nodding your head or laughing…
The myth of the pretty design is just that, a myth. Hand-routed designs do not work better than an auto-routed design, as long as all of the rules are adhered to. Auto active routing creates quality designs through shape based, correct-by-construction rules, whether auto or by hand. So where is the happy medium that will make us more effective designers, instead of glorified digitizers of endless numbers of vertices? Do auto routers need to get better? Or, does interactive routing need to supply more forethought as we lay in etch?
Take a look at this webinar and we will discuss the future of routing technology further in upcoming posts within this series. In the meantime, share your thoughts on this subject in the comments.
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<urn:uuid:c0a3bdee-0b83-4fa8-be99-8a798d29d249>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://blogs.sw.siemens.com/xpedition/2014/08/13/the-myth-of-the-pretty-design/
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| 0.95997
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