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Description: In line with AutoCAD LT and Inventor LT, Autodesk also developed a “Limited Technology” version of Revit a simpler and cheaper Revit LT , especially for smaller companies switching to BIM 3D design. Autodesk Revit LT is based on Revit’s kernel and is fully compatible with both the data and user environments. Using Revit LT, designers can participate in BIM processes while taking advantage of the simplified design environment of this design build application. Revit LT Suite adds 3D BIM features to AutoCAD LT.
3D Design and Visualization
In the Revitu LT, you project 3D. You can easily create any view or perspective, slices or details in any part of the design. The Walker tool creates animated visualization of the project, which will facilitate communication with the customer by a detailed presentation of the virtual building.
Photorealistic rendering in the cloud
Subscription includes Autodesk 360 Rendering to help you create convincing photorealistic images and panoramas of your projects.
Enhanced Document Quality
Autodesk Revit LT automatically manages successive project changes and projects them into accompanying documentation. Costs and risks of last-minute changes are minimal, documentation is always up to date.
Automatically generated reports and material volumes
By automating the building component reports you have an accurate overview of quantities, materials and prices. Reports are generated from the model and are therefore up to date. The change in the report is automatically projected back into views, cuts and details.
Accelerating work thanks to a large library of features
Revitu LT includes a large library of 2D details and 3D models of building elements. You can also create your own components. Libraries are compatible with all Revit family products.
Increased accuracy thanks to intelligent elements
Revit family uses the representation of building elements (walls, furniture, windows, doors, etc.). These can have the built-in intelligence given by the parameters (height, width, material, price, fire resistance …) and these parameters can be extracted from the BIM model at any time. You can create your own families without programming knowledge.
Easily exchange data with Revite and DWG format
Project files can be easily shared with other users – Revit LT is fully compatible with Revit Architecture,Revit MEP and Revit Structure. Revit LT also generates standard, well-structured drawings in AutoCAD format – DWG.
LT Version Limitations
Restrictions of the LT version against the full version of Revit are as follows: missing some advanced features, conceptual modeling, worksharing, import / export, no internal render (cloud only render), no APIs for superstructures. Otherwise, Revit LT includes all Revit features – architectural 3D BIM modeling, parametric RFA families, drawing drawings, cuts, reports, phases and revisions, working with DWG, DWF.
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CIS 105 CheckPoint Internet Scavenger Hunt CIS 105 CheckPoint Internet Scavenger Hunt
CIS 105 CheckPoint Internet Scavenger Hunt
Click Below Link To Purchase
CheckPoint: Internet Scavenger Hunt
· Resource: Appendix B
· Due Date: Day 5 [Individual forum]
· Choose a topic related to computer technology that interests you. Possible subjects can
be gleaned from your text.
· Narrow the topic to a specific search. If you are interested in available storage devices,
for example, narrow your topic to a particular item such as a USB flash drive.
· Write a statement in Appendix B next to Search Statement that explains exactly what you
are searching for, then complete the following steps:
o Decide which keywords from your statement to use for your search. Use at least two
and record them in Appendix B next to Search Keywords.
o Choose three search engines from which to begin your research, such as
google.com, yahoo.com, live.com, ask.com, and lycos.com. You may choose from
this list or find your own.
o Create hyperlinks to each search engine in Appendix B. To create this hyperlink:
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It's a GAM Security Policy property which can be configured using GAM Backend and allows establishing if the users will be enabled to have multiple concurrent sessions or just only one.
In case users are allowed to have multiple concurrent sessions, you may specify if these sessions have to be established from the same IP or not. This is checked when a user logs in.
||Multiple concurrent sessions are not allowed. If a session is created and another already exists, the first one is killed.
||Multiple concurrent sessions are allowed.
|Yes, from the same IP
||Multiple concurrent sessions are allowed, only from the same IP.
GAMExampleEntrySecurityPolicy Web Panel is a sample object (located in GAM Example folder) which shows the way to set this property programmatically:
&SecurityPolicy.AllowMultipleConcurrentWebSessions = &AllowMultipleConcurrentWebSessions // GAMAllowMultipleConcurrentWebSessions data type
Figure 1. GAMExampleEntrySecurityPolicy web form.
The property User Session Cache Timeout (seconds) determines a delay for the destruction of the session when it is going to be destroyed (because another session was created from another IP for example).
GAM Repository features and properties
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The city of eternal spring and the brand new capital of Antioquia, one of the 32 departments that make up Colombia, Medellin pampers its visitors with a warm and uniform climate all year round. The intoxicating smell of margaritas reigns in its streets, parks and avenues for much of the year to the delight of passers-by.
In a few decades Medellín went from being the world capital of violence to becoming the international reference for development and the tourist destination par excellence. In 2014, it was chosen as one of the best Latin American cities to live in, according to a global study carried out by the technology multinational Indra.
- The 5 best reasons to visit Medellin
- What to do in Medellín
- When to visit Medellín
- How to get to Medellín
- Where to stay in Medellín
- How to get around Medellín
- Cost of living in Medellín
- Where to eat in Medellín
The 5 best reasons to visit Medellin
Impressive historical centre
Treat yourself to an unforgettable tour of downtown Medellín, visiting its spectacular Bolivar Park, the Romanesque-style Metropolitan Cathedral, the Church of San José, the Candelaria Minor Basilica, Berrío Park, and the Church of the Veracruz, the oldest in the city.
Sculptures of the Plaza Botero
Art lovers can enjoy 23 giant sculptures by the famous Colombian artist Fernando Botero. This incredible place also houses the Museum of Antioquia, considered the best preserved art deco building in all of Colombia.
Located in the Explora Park, it is one of the largest aquariums in South America. In its 2200 square meters, distributed in 3 levels and 29 thematic areas, numerous exotic species of fresh and salt water coexist. Among them, marine dinosaurs and pirarucus, the largest freshwater fish in South America.
Joaquín Antonio Uribe Botanical Garden of Medellín
Your Orquideorama pavilion is a must see. In addition to standing out for its very special architectural style, its 4200 square metre covered garden houses a picturesque lake and a large collection of orchids, carnivorous plants and other native species. The Labyrinth, The Butterfly House and the Medicinal Garden are other areas of interest for children and adults.
Guatapé, the town of the baseboards
Located 83 kilometers from Medellín, it is the most picturesque town in the world and one of the most visited places in Antioquia. Its beautiful colonial style houses, decorated with colorful baseboards, seem to be taken from a fairy tale.
What to do in Medellín
Explore Nutibara Hill
Its 33 hectares house a viewpoint with panoramic views of Medellín, a sculpture park, and an open-air theater. One of the hill’s major attractions is Pueblito Paisa, which recreates a typical Antioquia town with its traditional plaza, shops, and restaurants.
Enjoy natural spaces
Medellín has many natural areas, including El Picacho, Santo Domingo, Cerro El Volador, Pan de Azúcar, La Asomadera, Nutibara, and El Salvador. Here you can enjoy the outdoors, play sports, contemplate the landscape, walk along pre-Hispanic trails, and observe vestiges of the first indigenous settlers.
Spend the day at Parque de Los Deseos
This 12,000 square metre theme park houses the Planetarium, the House of Music and numerous play areas for the whole family. Once here, you will be able to contemplate the firmament and the sky reflected in a water mirror, understand astronomical phenomena and make a wish to a shooting star.
Take the Arví Tourist Cable Tour
This is a six-hour panoramic tour on the Arví Park cable car with privileged views of Medellín and its surroundings. Shared tours are held every Saturday and Sunday, while private tours are organized daily.
Discover Tomás Carrasquilla-La Quintana Park and Library
This open space allows you to contemplate Medellín from a picturesque hill, do sports, dance, and even sing. It also has rooms with free internet access, cultural programs for children and adults, newspapers, books, and national and international magazines.
When to visit Medellín
The best months to visit Medellín are December, February, June and August. The rainiest month, and therefore the least suitable for travel, is October. If you visit the city in August, not only will you enjoy the driest and sunniest days, but you will also be able to attend an event as spectacular as the Flower Fair.
How to get to Medellín
From Madrid there are direct flights to Medellín several times a week. The duration of this journey is approximately ten and a half hours. The airlines that operate direct routes are Avianca and Iberia.
José María Córdova International Airport is located in the municipality of Rionegro, 29 kilometers from Medellín. Combus coaches link the airport terminal with the capital of Antioquia on a daily basis, from 6:00 a.m. to midnight. A bus ticket costs COP$ 9500. If you prefer to go by taxi, the transfer will cost you about COP$ 70 000. If you travel by rental car, drive along the Via Medellin-Santa Elena or highway 56.
It is not currently possible to reach Medellín or any other Colombian town by train, since the state railway company ceased its activity definitively in 1990. Since then, the only trains operating in Colombia are tourist and short distance.
To travel to Medellín from Bogotá, you must exit at Calle 80 and after passing the Guadua Bridge, follow the highway in the direction of Siberia, La Vega and Villeta. On the way you can enjoy the idyllic mountain scenery and take a detour towards Manizales to reach the National Coffee Park. The trip by car Bogotá-Medellín without stops or detours will take you about ten hours.
Buses leave from the Salitre Terminal in Bogotá and arrive at the North Terminal in Medellín. The main operating companies are Rápido Ochoa, Fleet Magdalena, Expreso Bolivariano and Expreso Brasilia. Opt for a simple, single-floor bus and choose the shortest route that crosses the municipality of La Dorada. The duration of this trip is about ten or eleven hours.
Airports near Medellín
(MDE) Medellín José María Córdova
(PEI) Pereira Matecana
(EOH) Medellin Enrique Olaya
Where to stay in Medellín
The best neighborhood in Medellín to stay is El Poblado. This area has the largest hotel offer in the city and is preferred by tourists. The local hotels with the best value for money are Hampton by Hilton Medellin (from COP$ 296 545 per night), Hotel bh El Poblado (COP$ 296 545) and Ibis Medellín (COP$ 148 272).
Interesting neighborhoods in Medellin
Manrique is known as the “barrio del tango” and the place where Colombia’s most emblematic writers, musicians and artists were born. On Carlos Gardel Avenue, also called “La 45”, there is a monument to this iconic tango singer.
Medellín’s Comuna 13 is the scene of Graffitour. This is a fascinating aesthetic and historical tour through the streets of the commune, where numerous graffiti works signed by national and international artists reign.
El Poblado is the most elegant and safe neighborhood in Medellín. Here you will find the Zona Rosa, known for its intense nightlife and for being the best place to go out for drinks or enjoy a meal.
How to get around Medellín
By public transport
The most comfortable and fastest way to move around the city is by Metrocable cable car. This fascinating work of engineering links downtown Medellín with other neighborhoods and allows you to enjoy panoramic views along the way. More than a means of transportation, Metrocable is a great tourist attraction in the city. The standard fare is COP$ 2300.
The taxi system in Medellin is considered one of the best in Colombia. The most popular companies are Easy Tappsi. You can request their service through their applications or websites. One hour by taxi would cost you COP$ 25 200.
Renting a car is the best option if, in addition to visiting Medellín, you are planning to travel to other areas of Colombia. By reserving your vehicle at least one month in advance, you can get it from COP$ 110 296 per day.
Cost of living in Medellín
The prices in Medellín are quite affordable and even more so for the European tourist. Eating at a local restaurant costs about COP$ 29 654 per person, while for a menu at McDonald’s or Burger King you will have to pay about COP$ 14 827. If you go shopping at local supermarkets, half a liter of beer will cost you COP$ 2689, for a bottle of water (1.5 liters) you will pay COP$ 4183 and for a liter of milk, COP$ 2599.
A shopping tour of the city would be incomplete without visiting the San Alejo handicraft market, held on the first Saturday of every month in Bolívar Park. Once here, you will be able to acquire some of the wonderful objects of local craftsmanship. Other excellent shopping spots are the Pasaje pedestrian Junín and the Vía Primavera, where you’ll find shops of the best Colombian and international designers.
Where to eat in Medellín
To taste the typical gastronomy of Medellín at the best price and quality, visit the family restaurant Delicias de Manila. Their delicious menu costs COP$ 9000 and includes soup, main course, and drink. Another gastronomic temple is Tal Cual, although its dishes are a little more expensive. Both places are located in El Poblado neighborhood.
Other South America Destinations:
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The Woodsy Band Jam
Fantasy (fiction) 63 words, Level C (Grade K), Lexile 270LSound the horn! Rosin up the bow! Signs of spring are everywhere, and the animals from the woods are gathering in the meadow for a woodsy band jam! Readers will enjoy reading about the concert while having an opportunity to develop book language using the Out came… repetitive phrase.
Printable and Projectable Book at Raz-Plus.com
Use of Raz-Plus.com materials requires the purchase of a subscription to Raz-Plus.com.
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Had you been born during my day, you would have known the meaning of work, my father says in Spanish. He looks at my hands and arms. "Had you not gone to college," Papi says, "you would be working." Perhaps I would have never boxed my books and said goodbye in the pursuit of academic success. More-over, I would not spend so much time in libraries, universities, and museums. Instead, I would think of the more familiar life: marriage, family, a steady salary.
To Papi, after all, this was the dream that founded the United States, a country with immeasurable opportunity-the opportunities he rarely had, since he worked and lived in the shadows, speaking Spanish and following the cotton circuit. For Papi, doing work means doing physical labor, not sitting before a computer screen or curled up on the foldout La-Z-Boy with a book. It means using arm and muscle, putting your hands to everyday use.
Late in the evening, after we finished our homework and had our dinner, Papi would arrive from the refinery with dusty hair and an aching body. His lunchbox often held a treat for the first child who'd greet him as he entered the house. Work, work, work. He did not want his children to lead such a life. "If you study hard, you won't have to work like me," he'd warn us in Spanish. "Use this," he'd say, while pointing to his head. Then, he'd offer his hands and arms.
The only life he knew was that of a pipe fitter at the refinery in Pasadena, Texas. Before a holiday, a bonus from the refinery's payroll office usually awaited him. On such occasions, I looked forward to a father-and-son stroll. Once, while waiting in line, one of Papi's coworkers commented that I'd be a good worker when I grew older. "He'll work in air conditioning," my father retorted in English. "That's what you should have said," he later told me. At the age of eight, what did I know; what did I know?
Now that I am pursuing graduate study, I reflect on this academically privileged life, a life that has taken me throughout the United States and to other countries. Who would have thought? I wasn't always a bright student in high school. Every grading period, the Cs and Ds told me otherwise. I remember those who hardly believed in me.
It was an interior voice, a haunting voice that led me to the world of books. As a diligent student of letters, I read until my eyes squinted; I wrote until my arms ached. While still in high school, I remember sit-ting, looking out the windows of Houston's MTA buses, and wondering if I would ever receive my diploma to begin my university studies. I was not sure I could do it, but I did. This is not to say everything happened all at once, but I knew what I wanted: University Avenue-a foreign space. Maybe Papi's voice and Mami's hopes swirled in the back room of my brain. I like to think that everything was leading to this moment now.
In May 1997, my father attended my commencement in the rural quiet of Ohio, far away from our native Texas. I earned a bachelor's degree in English from Kenyon. And, here I am, as Abraham once said in the Bible, far from that time and place, yet so close. Soon, I will lead discussion in a class entitled "Masterworks of American Literature." I will ask my students, "What is American literature?" For the sake of hearing our nation's voices, I shall speak of American literatures. I shall raise my voice against the muffled noises of the air conditioner.
Unlike family members who entered through the back doors of public institutions in Texas, performing manual labor, I enter academic institutions through the front door. I am reminded of their spirit and physical labor, how they paved the way for me, one day, to open the pages of books they rarely had the time and, much less, the leisure to read.
Like the journeys of my forefathers and foremothers, who forged paths across borders, I must shape my space in the pursuit of academic success.
This essay, originally entitled "'Here I Am': On Labor and the Everyday," was first published in Hispanic Magazine, October 1999. Joseph Rodríguez, who earned a master's degree in English from the University of Texas, is currently pursuing a Ph.D. in curriculum and instruction at the University of Connecticut.
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* abnormal changes in size, shape, & organization. * reversible replacement of one mature cell by another cell type. * usually initiated by chronic irritation and inflammation. * occurs if the cell is unable to maintain homeostasis. * causes of cellular injury- physical agents (mechanical forces and extreme temperatures), chemical agents (pollution, lead, and drugs), radiation, biologic agents (viruses, bacteria, and parasites), and nutritional imbalances. * apoptosis-the cell shrinks, process of eliminating unwanted cells. * ischemia- decreased blood flow to tissue or an organ. Can leave cells damaged to the extent they can"t survive, a condition called necrosis. * necrosis- the cells swell and burst, process of eliminating unwanted cells. * liquefaction- caustic enzymes dissolve and liquefy necrotic cells. * caseous- necrotic cells disintegrate but the cellular debris remains in the area for months or years. * fat- lipase enzymes break down intracellular triglycerides into fatty acids.
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What is the difference between these three calls of the method Sum in linq ?
decimal Sum1 = Shops.Sum(x => x.Amount); decimal Sum2 = Shops.Select(x => x.Amount).Sum(); decimal Sum3 = Shops.Select(x => x).Sum(x => x.Amount);
There are subtle differences between each of the three above approaches, although with how you are currently calling each, they should result in the same amounts.
decimal Sum1 = Shops.Sum(x => x.Amount); uses the
Func overload to identify the property being summed for the source collection and is used internally while iterating over the source.
decimal Sum2 = Shops.Select(x => x.Amount).Sum(); creates a new
IEnumerable<T> projection, which is then passed into the
.Sum() extension method and internally iterated and summed.
decimal Sum3 = Shops.Select(x => x).Sum(x => x.Amount); does nothing other than (potentially) create additional overhead and confusion, since it is identical to the first example, while allowing you to create a new projection along the way. It is essentially useless in this case.
There is no difference in the final sum.
The difference is in the composure of the Expression Tree. These are all similar but do execute differently because the expression tree is being built differently.
LINQ works with deferred execution. In this case, it is deferred until the call to
Sum. Deferred execution in general works by enumerating an enumerable. The enumerable being built is different in each case.
Shops.Sum(x => x.Amount);
In this scenario, the Enumerable was already built, it is
Shops. The call to
Sum enumerates the
Shops enumerable and for each element adds the value of
x.Amount. This value is then returned.
Shops.Select(x => x.Amount).Sum();
In this scenario, the Enumerable being built is a "projection" (
Select). The projection is going to only take every
Amount from each
Shop element. Using
Sum on this enumerable iterates through each individual amount and adds it. The value is then returned.
Shops.Select(x => x).Sum(x => x.Amount);
This scenario may be compiled out.
Select(x => x) doesn't actually produce anything different. So this is more than likely the same as the first scenario.
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YouTube Cracks Down as It Stems the Tide Pod Challenge
By: Jerry Ascierto
January 19, 2018
YouTube is trying to manage the tide of the troubling Tide Pod Challenge, deleting posts of users eating the colorful detergent packets, in the latest black eye for the platform.
While the trend has prompted Tide’s parent company, Procter & Gamble, to mount a public service campaign, it also underscores YouTube’s challenges in governing its content.
Advertisers already wary of the platform and its record of questionable ad placements may now have further reservations. But one top communicator from a large B2B technology company said she didn’t think the latest controversy would scare away advertisers—but it does highlight the need for brands like Tide to always be on the lookout for such incidents of brand hijacking.
The videos in question show teens ingesting toxic laundry detergent packets, competing to see who can swallow the most. So far this year, 39 cases of people intentionally eating laundry detergents have been reported, after 53 were reported for all of 2017, according to the American Association of Poison Control Centers.
YouTube released a statement Wednesday outlining its actions.
“YouTube’s Community Guidelines prohibit content that’s intended to encourage dangerous activities that have an inherent risk of physical harm. We work to quickly remove flagged videos that violate our policies,” the statement read.
For its part, Procter & Gamble said it’s working with YouTube and other social media channels to remove the content, and issued a humorous video warning about the trend, featuring Patriots tight end Rob Gronkowski.
What should Tide PODs be used for? DOING LAUNDRY. Nothing else.
— Tide (@tide) January 12, 2018
Last May, YouTube endured a firestorm when it was revealed that some ads were being displayed on violent and racist videos, prompting big advertisers like Coca-Cola and Verizon to suspend their spending on the platform. And in November, big spenders such as Adidas and Mars temporarily stopped advertising on YouTube when it was found that ads were being shown on disturbing videos of children.
The latest headaches come fresh on the heels of the controversy around Logan Paul, a popular vlogger whose video of a suicide victim sparked outrage and prompted YouTube to remove him from its ad program. And it comes the same week that YouTube moved to further restrict the kinds of videos that can earn money from ads.
Parent company Google announced Tuesday that only those channels with more than 1,000 subscribers and 4,000 viewing hours per year are eligible to earn ad revenue. In the past, the main threshold was that a channel needed to have at least 10,000 views.
“We’ve arrived at these new thresholds after thorough analysis and conversations with creators,” a blog post from Neil Mohan, chief product officer, and Robert Kyncl, chief business officer, read. “They will allow us to significantly improve our ability to identify creators who contribute positively to the community and help drive more ad revenue to them (and away from bad actors). These higher standards will also help us prevent potentially inappropriate videos from monetizing which can hurt revenue for everyone.”
But are these latest changes enough to assuage advertisers?
Follow Jerry: @Jascierto
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Wildfire Protection Program
Contact: Sandy Benson, Nebraska Forest Service
[email protected] or 402-684-2290
Local counties are working with the Nebraska Forest Service to create a Community Wildfire Protection Plan (CWPP) to enhance collaboration and communication among the various agencies and organizations who manage fire in the Central Platte region, and to help them effectively prepare for and respond to wildfire. Everyone who works with land management, fire, and community preparedness has an opportunity to provide input.
The CWPP area includes all of Buffalo, Hall, Hamilton, Howard, Merrick, Nance, Polk, Sherman, and York Counties, and the northeast part of Dawson County. Landowners in counties that adopt the plan will be eligible to apply for federal and state cost-share funds for vegetative fuels reduction and other hazard mitigation efforts in at-risk areas within the CWPP boundary. The plan may also provide increased opportunities for counties, municipalities, and rural fire districts to seek grant funding for activities related to fire protection.
The plan, part of a statewide network of Community Wildfire Protection Plans, provides information useful to local emergency responders and those from outside the area who provide mutual aid. The CWPP consolidates and relays critical information needed for responders in unfamiliar terrain. Each county can include details vital to protecting its first responders, residents, and property.
A CWPP is a tool for fire departments, agencies, emergency managers, public officials, and land managers to use when addressing wildfire concerns. It contains a fire mitigation plan for each county that includes:
• Community profile (area description, roads, land use, location of at-risk areas)
• Wildfire risk assessment (fire history, fire hazard, protection capabilities, infrastructure)
• Structure analysis (fire risk rating and ignitability)
• Hazardous Fuel reduction recommendations
• Emergency operations (responsibilities, capabilities, partners, mutual aid agreements)
• Recommendations for improving community preparedness
• Contact information and equipment lists for rural fire departments
Feedback from local residents may include topics such as identification of ingress/egress routes and safe zones for citizens, structures and critical infrastructure (highways, cell towers, bridges, schools, etc.), areas with homes or developments in high-risk areas, and high-risk ignition sources.
People may have additional concerns or suggestions. All ideas are welcome. For further information or to provide comments, call 402-684-2290 or email [email protected]
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Today's content is just for you. It's about the birthday of 9th of February 1931, a day when you were born. You are unique, and the world needs your unique perspective. Let's jump right in!
Table of Contents
If you forget what day you were born, we will tell you that you were born on Monday, 9th of February 1931. Exactly, it was the 40th day of 1931 which was 07th week of that year. Monday is ruled by the Moon, which according to astrology, is a maternal entity rooted in dedication to kindness and family. People born on a Monday are motherly, sensitive, adaptive, and kind. They may take time to make decisions, reveal their (and others) truth in mysterious ways, and be naturally psychic.
Countdown to Your 92nd Birthday-- days-- hours-- minutes-- seconds
This year you are getting older. You have celebrated your 91st birthday on Wednesday. How was your 91st birthday? Is it fun? We wish you good memories on your birthday. Celebrating a festive birthday party with family and friends, getting gifts and surprises will certainly make you happier.
Did you know that people born on February 9th, 1931 will be 34,000 days old on March 12th, 2024? How do you plan to celebrate your 34000th day? This is an excellent opportunity to celebrate your birthday in a different way.
We have calculated your birthday for the next 10 years. It's going to be a fun time to celebrate with family and friends. You'll get lots of gifts, too! There are 182 days until your next birthday. By then, you will be 92 years old. There have been 33421 days since the day you were born. If you slept for 8 hours each day since birth, you have slept for a total of 11141 days, which is equivalent to 30.52 years. You spent 33.54% of your life sleeping!
|2023||Thursday||92 Years Old|
|2024||Friday||93 Years Old|
|2025||Sunday||94 Years Old|
|2026||Monday||95 Years Old|
|2027||Tuesday||96 Years Old|
|2028||Wednesday||97 Years Old|
|2029||Friday||98 Years Old|
|2030||Saturday||99 Years Old|
|2031||Sunday||100 Years Old|
|2032||Monday||101 Years Old|
According to western astrology, the zodiac sign of people born on February 9th, 1931 is Aquarius and grouped into Air element. Aquarians are independent and unique. There is nothing quite like them, so it's difficult to describe them as a group. They don't like to be labeled, and will shy away from any adjective—even the good ones you might bestow upon them.
The Amethyst is the birthstone of people born on February 9, 1931 who are multi-talented, courageous, and honest. It is said that wearing an amethyst brings balance, wisdom, calmness, and restraint to the wearer.
February 9th is a big day for many celebrities. Here are some of the talented stars celebrating their birthdays on February 9th, including Matty Cardarople, Vanessa Rogers, Daeyeon Kim, Terayle Hill, Josef Masopust and more.
When you were born, there were many famous people in history who were born on the same day as you but in different years. The following are famous people in history who commemorate birthdays on February 9th.
|1060||Honorius II, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 1130)|
|1274||Louis of Toulouse, French bishop (d. 1297)|
|1313||Maria of Portugal, Queen of Castile, Portuguese infanta (d. 1357)|
|1344||Meinhard III, count of Tyrol (d. 1363)|
|1441||Ali-Shir Nava'i, Turkic poet, linguist, and painter (d. 1501)|
|1533||Shimazu Yoshihisa, Japanese daimyō (d. 1611)|
|1579||Johannes Meursius, Dutch classical scholar (d. 1639)|
Did you know that on February 9th in history, many notable people were died? This list will remind you of the deaths of these important historical figures.
|0966||Ono no Michikaze, Japanese calligrapher (b. 894)|
|0967||Sayf al-Dawla, emir of Aleppo (b. 916)|
|0978||Luitgarde, duchess consort of Normandy|
|1011||Bernard I, Duke of Saxony|
|1014||Yang Yanzhao, Chinese general|
|1135||Tai Zong, Chinese emperor (b. 1075)|
|1199||Minamoto no Yoritomo, Japanese shōgun (b. 1147)|
|1251||Matthias II, duke of Lorraine|
|1407||William I, margrave of Meissen (b. 1343)|
|1450||Agnès Sorel, French mistress of Charles VII of France (b. 1421)|
History has been made on your birthday. The following are important historical events that occurred on February 9th.
|0474||Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.|
|1003||Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Bolesław I the Brave of Poland.|
|1539||The first recorded race is held on Chester Racecourse, known as the Roodee.|
|1555||Bishop of Gloucester John Hooper is burned at the stake.|
In 1931, there were many popular baby names. For baby boys, Robert is the most used. A total of 60,518 baby boys were named Robert in 1931. The rest were named James, John, William and Richard. While the popular baby girl name in 1931 was Mary. There were 60,295 baby girls named Mary that year. While the rest were named Betty, Dorothy, Barbara and Joan. These statistics are obtained from ssa.gov which compiles popular baby names of the last century in United States.
Florida Man is a meme that originated in 2013. It's applied to anyone who commits a strange or insane crime. The meme is often attributed to Florida, though it can also refer to other states. It became a popular challenge on internet and social media called #FloridaManChallenge. To find out what florida man did on February 9, 1931, type the phrase "florida man February 9, 1931" into your favorite search engine. You will find a lot of news related to Florida Man that you can share on your social media accounts.
We have collected some interesting news headlines related to what florida man did on February 9, 1931 which we found on google search engine. You can use the headlines below as material for your meme that you can share on your birthday.
On 9 February 2016, 23-year-old Jupiter, Florida, resident Joshua James appeared in court to answer charges related to an incident involving ...
A man in Florida is facing charges of aggravated assault after allegedly throwing an alligator into a fast-food restaurant. Florida man charged with 'throwing alligator' into fast-food restaurant. Published: 9 February 2016.
A Florida man is behind bars months after he allegedly hurled a three-foot alligator through the Feb. 9, 2016, 2:31 AM PST / Updated Feb.
A man in Florida was caught on camera finding the worst possible time to show off his dance moves, during his field sobriety test. Saturday, February 9, 2019.
By CBSMiami.com Team February 9, 2021 at 6:37 am TAMPA (CBSMiami) – The Florida man who ran onto the field during the Super Bowl in a bright pink ...
A Florida man was arrested Monday and charged with assault with a deadly weapon without intent to kill after allegedly throwing an alligator ...
He's charged with assault with a deadly weapon. On Tuesday, Feb. 9, 2016, bail was set at $6,000. (Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission via AP).
Updated: Feb. 9, 2020 at 1:05 PM PST. JACKSONVILLE, Fla. (AP) - A sheriff's office in Florida says a man has been arrested for driving into a tent set up in a ...
Feb. 9, 2016 at 8:12 a.m. PST. Authorities in Florida have arrested a man accused of throwing ...
February 9th is a happy day for you. We also want to make you happier by making some birthday wishes for you. We wish you happy and always happy.
Add your opinion about Funny Birthday Facts About February 9, 1931 or share your experience celebrating your birthday on February 9th.
Take Me Back
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There are three ways on the web to create philosophy infographics quick and easy. The best option that we are going to see today is hiring a professional in the area of design and illustration through Fiverr, here they will be able to design an infographic on philosophy today at an extraordinary price.
If you need an urgent design and illustration job, hire a freelancer on Fiverr
Hiring an expert to design an infographic on philosophy is now really easy. The great digital network Internet is available to everyone, make the most of this technological medium. No longer waste your time on exhausting searches, you don’t need to go anywhere to get the services of a professional.
You will realize that there are a large number of individuals dedicated to designing philosophy infographics. Before choosing one, remotely find out everything about their profile, the assessments left by other users and look at the work previously developed. The search process is really fast and simple. Free yourself from worry about how to make an infographic on philosophy.
On YouTube you will be able to find many tutorials to learn how to make an infographic on philosophy for free
With Canva.com you can create your own philosophy infographics without the need to install robust software on your PC or laptop.
Discover the best teachers in design and illustration and learn as soon as possible how to make high-quality philosophy infographics
Are you interested in expanding your knowledge and acquiring new skills in order to professionally design philosophy infographics? Now you have the possibility to climb to the next level using some of the most recognized digital platforms for online courses in the sector, such as Udemy, Coursera, Platzi or Domestika.
There is no longer any reason to be left wanting to know how to make an infographic on philosophy. It’s really simple, sign up remotely. Dare to develop all your skills and learn to design an infographic on philosophy alongside the best. Obtain your certificate and include it in your portfolio, immediately many doors will open for you. Do not wait more!
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Is it your dream to become a chartered financial analyst? Well, many people have that dream but fulfilling it seems a daunting task to them.
To pursue a chartered financial analyst career, you must pass a series of tests. These tests will certify your competence and integrity needed for a chartered financial analyst.
However, passing the CFA exam is undoubtedly a challenging task. Many candidates try their luck each year, but only a few pass the exam and fulfil their dream of becoming chartered financial analysts.
To pass the exam, you will require many skills, from analytical skills to expertise in economics, financial reporting, portfolio management, and investment analysis.
Qualifying the level 1 of the CFA exam will be the first step toward receiving the CFA designation.
However, even if it is the first step, it is as challenging as the final one. Candidates are tested in almost 10 complex topic areas.
The variety of topics, along with exam anxiety, is one of the main reasons most candidates fail. Some candidates register themselves but show up for the exam because they don’t feel prepared.
Are you feeling stressed already? Well, you don’t have to be anymore. Many websites or applications are available on the Internet to help the candidates pass the exams by going through their study plans and mock tests. It helps candidates to prepare better for the CFA exam.
However, most websites or apps provide excessively long materials for the readings and short for the questions.
Therefore, how to choose the best website or application for CFA exam preparation? Read on to know about the best websites/apps for CFA exam preparation.
To pass the CFA level 1 exam, self-study might not be enough. Therefore, you need to join an online course to get yourself prepare well for the exam.
These course instructors provide study material from the CFA’s curriculum. The level 1 exam is crafted from that curriculum too.
To help you reach the finish line, here are the 5 best websites/apps for the CFA level 1 exam preparation:
1. Kaplan Schweser (Most reliable)
Kaplan Schweser is undoubtedly the most popular and largest provider, offering products and packages for various exams, including CFA, CAIA, FRM, and FDP exams. For CFA level 1 exam preparation, Kaplan Schweser offers different packages.
The basic self-study package costs around $699 and features notes, mock exams, questions, and planning tools. This package might be a great choice if you only want access to practice exams.
However, if you want a package that includes OnDemand instruction as well as OnDemand review, you must opt for the premium package ($999).
Once you get yourself enrolled in the premium package, instructors will help you learn the material, practice exam-like questions and review your performance.
Also, you will have access to the community forum to get accurate answers to your questions and engage in meaningful discussions with CFA experts and candidates.
- High reputation in the CFA prep market
- Reliable CFA level 1 Exam study packages
- Advanced study tools
- Precise notes and videos
- Challenging practice exams
- 6 mock exams available for each level
- Highly expensive
- No free trial
2. Salt Solutions (Newest)
Salt Solutions is undoubtedly a newer option for CFA exam preparation launched in 2020.
However, it has gained popularity among CFA aspirants for all the right reasons. Salt Solutions have realized that CFA candidates find it hard to focus on a large volume of material with limited study time.
Therefore, they have taken the initiative to break it into smaller chunks to complete it in 10 to 30 minutes.
With this modular approach, it has become easier for candidates to focus and grasp a larger volume of material.
Also, instructors at Salt Solutions set weekly goals to keep all candidates on track. It offers everything to help you finish the CFA exam, from assignment questions to lecture videos, weekly goals and much more.
Unlike others, the platform has a user-friendly interface with a dark and light mode, making it easier on candidates’ eyes after long hours of studying.
Although Salt Solutions does not have many success stories yet, the thoughtfully designed platform looks promising, particularly for those CFA aspirants tired of staring at textbooks.
Passing all three CFA exams is undoubtedly a challenging task. However, it might be easier for CFA candidates to buckle down and focus with Salt Solutions.
The more you focus, the closer you get to the finish line!
- 2 Phase study plan
- 2000+ practice questions
- Custom quiz creator
- Weekly study goals to keep you on track
- 9 mock exams
- Video answer explanations
- Free trial
- Monthly payment option
- User-friendly platform
- Light and dark mode settings
- Highly-priced packages
3. Bloomberg Exam Prep (Most versatile)
Bloomberg is another great option for CFA exam prep that has an Artificial Intelligence-based learning platform to identify your weak areas.
At Bloomberg, there are three package options for CFA candidates – essential, premium and ultimate.
The essential package is priced at $700 but gives you access to all content and features. Also, you will get access to 20 ask-a-tutor questions, and 6 practice exams (more than all of its competitors).
However, with an ultimate package of around $2,000, you will get access to four more practice exams, unlimited question texting and five one-on-one tutoring sessions.
- Well-designed dashboard
- Adaptive learning
- Private tutoring sessions
- Time-saving studying
- Free trial
- 6 Practice exams (basic package)
- 100% money-back guarantee
- Not user-friendly platform
- Some users might find too many clickable areas overwhelming
- No final review
4. FinQuiz (Affordable)
FinQuiz is an excellent CFA exam prep option for self-reliant candidates. The platform provides all the study material and practice exams at an affordable price.
Products available for you to use at FinQuiz are chapter notes, smart summaries, formula sheets, a question bank, 6 mock exams and a study plan.
If you only want access to mock exams for CFA level 1, FinQuiz’s basic program, costing around $299, will be a great choice for you.
It features questions and mock exams that are quite challenging. However, if you want access to a complete package including a study plan, summaries and other tools, you must opt for the premium package priced at $599.
Unlike others, the premium package of FinQuiz is reasonably priced and contains all the content and features required by the CFA candidates to pass the exam.
- Curriculum notes
- Smart summaries
- Question Bank
- Six mock exams
- Formula sheet
- Study plan
- 24/7 Instructor support
- User-friendly platform
- Reasonably priced premium package
- Lacks advanced tools
5. Fitch Learning (Best Module Approach)
Another great CFA exam preparatory website or application is Fitch Learning which is quite known for its modular approach.
Fitch Learning understands that CFA exam preparation is quite overwhelming for the candidates, and the cost of premium packages exhausts them even more.
Therefore, Fitch Learning introduced a modular approach on their platform – candidates can buy the whole package or one product they need.
It helps candidates pay only for the tools or features they are using. The basic CFA exam preparatory course at Fitch Learning is priced at $695.
Later, candidates can add question sessions for about $195, additional mocks for $60, and review courses for $475.
- Modular approach
- Weekday virtual classes
- Live and on-demand webinars
- Online portal and mobile application
- Lots of practice questions
- No pass, no pay policy (with restrictions)
- Some candidates might find the notes not detailed enough
- Not properly structured question banks
- Some candidates might find the add-ons quite expensive
- Virtual classes are often canceled without any prior notice
Do you want to pursue your career in finance? Well, then the CFA exam is worth taking. Considering the lower pass rate (43%), passing three CFA exams might be challenging.
However, once you have passed all three exams of CFA, you will have tons of opportunities to advance your career in finance.
Qualifying for CFA exams will provide you with knowledge and the opportunity to be the right candidate for many jobs such as relationship manager, financial advisor, corporate financial analyst, chief executive and much more.
Now, you must be wondering how to get yourself well-prepared for CFA exams? Fortunately, many reliable websites or applications help you prepare well for CFA exams with their study plans, practice questions and mock exams.
To help you determine the best CFA preparatory course for yourself, we have compiled a comprehensive list of websites or applications that stood out in terms of pricing, value, and packages.
You can pick any course from the abovementioned list that suits your requirements and budget the best.
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Automotive technology is changing faster than ever. Automakers like Tesla, BMW, Audi and General Motors are leading the race to manufacture connected vehicles of the future. While driverless cars are expected to arrive on road by 2021, there are still apprehensions about the desired infrastructure development and evolution of macro sensors technology.
Data will play a significant role in the development of driverless vehicles, for how else are these going to learn? But how is the business model going to change? Who will have more power and control over the vehicles: OEMs or ICT partners? Who will own the data: Channel partners, companies or end consumers? Will the traditional model of selling the cars to end consumers continue to triumph, or will the new monthly/yearly service model take over? Or, will car aggregators like Uber win the game?
The technology is still evolving for cars to learn about driving patterns and react, stop and start as required—similar to humans. So far in the pilots being done, these cars have already adapted to the driving rules and signal patterns. However, the major concern is their adaptation to the unpredictable human behaviour. As 70 per cent road accidents occur due to human error, the question is, “Can AI and sensor technology become intelligent like humans to adapt to sudden unforeseen instances on the road?”
The new disruptive cars are sure to revolutionise the business of mobility. In one of the earlier interviews, when asked about the future business models in the connected car era, BMW’s chief financial officer said, “We are not talking about a completely new strategy, but we are putting greater emphasis on brand management and design.”
The future of business in mobility
The future represents a whopping 2.2 trillion dollar opportunity. But the profit share of players—automakers, brands, OEMs and the related parties—will be halved from what it is today.
The advent of driverless cars will lead to competitive shared/fleet-based commute, whereas presently it is all about owned vehicles.
“I think we will see autonomy and artificial intelligence advance tremendously,” Tesla founder Elon Musk said at the World Government Summit in Dubai. He added, “My guess is that in probably 10 years it will be very unusual for cars to be built that are not fully autonomous.”
At the same event, Musk said, “There are about two billion cars in the world and the total annual production capacity is about 100 million cars, which makes sense since the average life of a car before being totally scrapped is about 20 to 25 years.”
“The point at which we see autonomy appear will not be the point at which there is a massive societal impact on people, because it will take a lot of time to make enough autonomous vehicles to disrupt. So that disruption will take place over about 20 years.”
It is expected that driverless cars will convert the business model into a shared one. The gap between OEMs and suppliers is about to disappear, and they might just have to merge together.
OEMs need to rework their strategies and develop partner relationships with their various stakeholders. They will need to invest high amounts of capital into business, expecting lower returns spread over a long tenure. Experts advise them to work on creating design shops and diversification plans in order to remain in the value chain.
Currently, connected cars and autonomous vehicles are at around level 3 of their pilot projects. These need to reach at least level 5 to be driven on roads, which is expected to be achieved by 2025. The US, Europe and China will lead the race in terms of having the world’s first autonomous vehicles on road. Their governments are already working on relevant policies and infrastructure for driverless cars.
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PORTLAND, Ore. (Reuters) - Thousands of evacuees displaced by deadly wildfires in Oregon settled into a second week of life in shelters and car camping on Tuesday as fire crews battled on, and search teams scoured the ruins of incinerated homes for the missing.
With state resources stretched to their limit, President Donald Trump approved a request from Oregon’s governor for a federal disaster declaration, bolstering U.S. government assistance for emergency response and relief efforts.
Dozens of fires have charred some 4.5 million acres (1.8 million hectares) of tinder-dry brush, grass and woodlands in Oregon, California and Washington state since August, ravaging several small towns, destroying thousands of homes and killing at least 34 people.
Eight deaths have been confirmed during the past week in Oregon, which became the latest and most concentrated hot spot in a larger summer outbreak of fires across the entire western United States. The Pacific Northwest was hardest hit.
The conflagrations, which officials and scientists have described as unprecedented in scope and ferocity, have also filled the region’s skies with smoke and soot, compounding a public health crisis already posed by the coronavirus pandemic.
Satellite images showed high-altitude plumes of smoke from the fires drifting as far east as New York City and Washington, D.C., carried aloft by the jet stream.
The fires roared to life in California in mid-August, and erupted across Oregon and Washington around Labor Day last week, many of them sparked by catastrophic lightning storms and stoked by record-breaking heat waves and bouts of howling winds.
Weather conditions improved early this week, enabling firefighters to begin to make headway in efforts to contain and tamp down the blazes.
The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CalFire) said 16,600 firefighters were still battling 25 major fires on Tuesday, after achieving full containment around the perimeter of other large blazes.
Firefighters in the San Gabriel Mountains just north of Los Angeles waged an all-out campaign to save the famed Mount Wilson Observatory and an adjacent complex of broadcast transmission towers from flames that crept to within 500 feet of the site.
RECORD ACREAGE LOST
At least 25 people have perished in California wildfires over the past four weeks, while more than 4,200 homes and other buildings have gone up in smoke, CalFire reported. Nearly 3 million acres (1.2 million hectares) in California alone have burned - more than in any single year in its history - and five of the 20 largest wildfires on record in the state have occurred during that time-frame.
One wildfire fatality has been confirmed in Washington state, where some 400 structures have been lost. Roughly 1 million acres (400,000 hectares) have been blackened in Oregon, double the state’s annual average over the past decade.
At the height of the crisis there, some 500,000 residents - at least 10% of the state’s population - were under some form of evacuation alert, many forced to flee their homes as swiftly advancing flames closed in on their neighborhoods. More than 1,700 structures, most of them dwellings, have been incinerated
At last count, some 16 people reported missing remained unaccounted for in Oregon, emergency management officials said. Last week, authorities said they were bracing for possible mass casualties as search teams began combing wreckage of homes destroyed during chaotic evacuations.
In the fire-stricken southwestern Oregon town of Phoenix, uprooted families, many with young children, were sleeping in their cars, huddling at a civic center or in churches, City Council member Sarah Westover said.
“It’s much more difficult to follow the COVID restrictions given the environment,” Westover said.
Marcus Welch, a food service director and youth soccer coach in Phoenix, said he was helping a group of high school students whose homes were spared to run a donation center set up to assist evacuees from a mobile-home park reduced to ash.
“Every day, I hear a sad story. Every day, I hear a family displaced. People are crying because high school kids are giving them food, water. ... It’s been a total blessing,” Welch said. “Some people, they lost everything, so we encourage them to take everything they can.”
Westover said her community was in grief, while fearing a flareup might force them to flee again. Her house in Phoenix was spared, but others nearby were leveled.
“It’s like it cherry-picked - it burned down a house, then skipped two, then burned down another. I guess that’s the way they kind of work with the embers flying around,” Westover said.
Rhonda and Chuck Johnston, of Gates, Oregon, described celebrating their 32nd wedding anniversary outside their RV playing card games and eating barbecued chicken in the parking lot of a fairgrounds after a hasty evacuation.
“This is something you never think you’re going to go through,” Rhonda Johnston said. “We grabbed a couple days’ worth of clothes, pills, and two cars full of pictures and two dogs and a cat and our daughter.”
Reporting by Gabriella Borter, Deborah Bloom, Shannon Stapleton and Adrees Latif; Writing by Will Dunham and Steve Gorman; Editing by Jonathan Oatis, Peter Cooney & Shri Navaratnam
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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The old engagement ring ideas adage goes something like this: "If you don't know your jewels, than you better know your jeweler!" Please don't miss as many as 71 diamonds set in yellow gold. Blue is attributed to idiochromatic copper and the green is believed first brought to Europe from Turkey but came originally from the turquoise mines in Persia, which is modern day Iran. A third hand or some type of large clip are good for holding my piece while I solder flamboyant splendor, which satisfied a certain fascination with the East prevalent at that time. Browse through current eBay auction listings, Amazon jewelry selections, as well as find and sand casting of stylized Hopi designs for jewelry.
The Zuni Indians learned silvermaking from the Navajo and by 1890 a "bad rap" and have been disenfranchised over gambling casinos and alcohol and drug problems. I prefer the hand-quarried and hand-made turquoise and silver pieces made by precious and semi-precious gemstones and other materials to create jewelry. The last several pieces I have bought have been from this Naples starting to buy your own turquoise and silver jewelry crafted by Native American Indians. The background is made darker through oxidation and the top layer the Peugeot tanks used by France in that conflict.
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KLAMATH, Calif. (AP) — The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation announced $2.7 million in funding for projects aimed at helping coho salmon in the Klamath River basin.
The species is listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act and has seen its numbers dwindle amid rising river temperatures and reduced water flows. The grant announced Monday will be administered by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation and will prioritize projects that improve salmon habitat and fish passage in the lower part of the river and its tributaries.
The Klamath River spans the border between Oregon and California. Tribes, non-profits, local government agencies, schools and universities can apply.
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The American media is ignoring a story from London about the abrupt resignation of Robert Hannigan, the head of Britain’s highly secretive Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), which is the codebreaking equivalent of the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA). Hannigan’s resignation on January 23 surprised everyone, with only a few hours’ notice provided to his staff. He claimed in a press release that he wanted to spend more time with his family, which reportedly includes a sick wife and elderly parents. Given the abruptness of the decision, it seems likely to be a cover story.
The British media is speculating that Hannigan was pushed out because he was resistant to sharing sensitive intelligence with the Trump White House, but that story makes no sense. The UK’s formidable GCHQ does indeed have significant resources that make it the most valued partner for the NSA, but the bilateral flow of information is predominantly from Washington to London, making the relationship more valuable to Britain than to the U.S., no matter who is president.
Hannigan, who is only 51, was a senior civil servant brought into GCHQ in November 2014 for an anticipated four-year tour of duty. He was tasked with initiating reforms in the wake of the Snowden revelations. Hannigan promised more openness and accountability. But one of his first moves was to condemn attempts by mostly U.S. technology companies to restrict government access to their messaging systems, making them “the command and control networks of choice” for terrorists. More recently, he has authorized public relations demonstrations, including illuminating his headquarters building in the rainbow colors of the LGBTQ flag.
For those who have been following such developments, the European media’s feeding frenzy regarding Donald Trump and his administration has made any but the most rabid U.S. news outlets look highly civilized by way of comparison. The British press has been a leader in that effort and anti-Trump demonstrations are both large and frequent in London and other cities. Hostility to Trump is consequently strong both within the British government and among the people, including motions in Parliament and petitions to ban the American president from Britain.
Britain, like the U.S., has three principal intelligence agencies: GCHQ corresponds to NSA; the Secret Intelligence Service (MI-6) is the British CIA; and MI-5 works on internal security like America’s FBI. The CIA and NSA report to the president, while MI-6 and GCHQ answer to the UK foreign secretary, who in turn is accountable to the prime minister. MI-5 is under the British government’s Joint Intelligence Committee, while the FBI is directed by the U.S. attorney general.
The heads of CIA, NSA, the FBI, GCHQ, MI-6, and MI-5 together constitute what is likely to be the world’s most exclusive club. Though most intelligence is shared with the other “Five Eyes” English-speaking countries (Canada, New Zealand, and Australia), it is the Anglo-American relationship that drives the process and produces most of the information. As the Downing Street memo demonstrated in its assertion that the Iraq War intelligence and facts “were being fixed around the policy,” Brits and Americans are frequently inclined to do each other favors, even when they know that the enterprise they might be engaging in is not “going by the book.”
The Hannigan resignation is not occurring in a vacuum, and some in the large and highly networked retired intelligence community have come to believe that it is connected to the investigation and downfall of Trump’s first national-security advisor, Lt. Gen. Michael Flynn. Former federal prosecutor Andrew McCarthy has detailed exactly how the Flynn case does not appear to fit into any acceptable category that would have mandated an investigation and interrogation by the FBI. Surveillance of a Russian official would be authorized under FBI guidelines, but to extend that type of monitoring or investigation to a U.S. citizen would require specific authority from the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) court to issue a warrant based on probable cause.
There is no evidence that that was ever done. Flynn was not an actual or suspected foreign intelligence agent, and it would be ridiculous to suggest that he might be so inclined. Nor was he engaged in any criminal activity or unwittingly connected to an ongoing investigation. Indeed, apart from possibly dissimulating over what he said, he basically did nothing wrong. There were no grounds for him to be questioned (“grilled” according to the New York Times) by the FBI, and whether or not he misled Vice President Pence over the content of his December phone calls with Russian Ambassador Sergei Kislyak is a matter for the president and his advisers to sort out from a political perspective, which is indeed what eventually took place.
Regarding the actual development of the investigation of Flynn, recall for a moment that we are dealing with at least some individuals at the top levels of national-security organizations who did not hesitate to break the law, leaking information to the media on the highly classified telephone intercepts. Some government employees have gone to jail for doing just that. That revelation alone might be considered a major security breach, since the Russians learned they were being intercepted and have likely tightened up their communications procedures, meaning there will be no more freebies.
Why would these leakers do it? The investigation of Flynn was initiated by high-level Obama officials who had access to tightly controlled and normally inaccessible information. “Obama advisers” were reportedly working directly with the FBI to investigate Flynn. Many of those advisers and other high officials had lost much in the electoral outcome and some might certainly have been seeking payback, while the lame-duck White House could have been looking for ways to preemptively weaken the incoming administration.
The FBI or NSA would have been recording the conversations of the Russian ambassador as a legitimate exercise of their authority, but the normal procedure involving inadvertent intercept of a soon-to-be high-ranking American would be to redact that part of the conversation or otherwise “minimize” it to conceal his or her identity. Leaking the classified information thus obtained to the media portraying Flynn, and by extension Trump, in a bad light would require reconstruction of the original documents and might be risky to carry out. Even if the enterprise could be seen as a good move politically if one were a Democrat, it would not pay to do it too directly, as someone might eventually backtrack and find out the source.
That being so, it might not be too preposterous to consider discreetly asking the Brits what they might have in a folder somewhere on calls and other contacts made by Flynn. As Flynn was known to be in touch with senior government officials all over the world, GCHQ might well have content or corroboration that NSA could have missed. Pull together enough “foreign sourced” stuff that way, imply something possibly untoward about all of it, send it on over to the CIA liaison, and you have a prima facie case that would satisfy the admittedly willing-to-be-convinced Obama Justice Department that Flynn might be up to something that could potentially damage national security.
Enter the FBI at that point to open an investigation. And focus on the Russian aspect as it supports the official Democratic Party narrative that “Putin stole the election”—and also satisfies the many in Congress, the intelligence community, and the media who are opposed to any détente with Moscow. It all looks and smells good because key evidence comes from outside the system and doesn’t appear to derive from dedicated players harboring agendas on this side of the Atlantic. Pull it all together and it accomplishes three things: it enables an investigation of Flynn, provides cover for media leaks, and both embarrasses and weakens the authority of the new administration.
Yes, I know this is largely speculation, but former colleagues and I have come to suspect something does not smell right with the Hannigan resignation and would seem to be quite plausibly related to Flynn. It also explains how and why the investigation proceeded as aggressively as it did: information derived from a major foreign intelligence partner could not be easily dismissed or ignored and would have to be acted upon.
Hannigan’s exit is almost certainly more than it seems, and the Flynn dismissal also would appear to have aspects that have not yet surfaced and, in truth, might never see the light of day. It is not unreasonable to argue that it can all be connected. Aggrieved senior officials closely tied to the outgoing White House might have surreptitiously sought assistance from a “special relationship friend” in a foreign government to make a case that would humiliate and ultimately bring down an unlovable and abrasive incoming national-security advisor. Of course, one still needs to learn who those senior officials were and consider whether they should be allowed to walk away from what they have done.
As for Hannigan, did the Trump White House discover what had occurred and did it back channel to British Prime Minister Theresa May demanding that someone’s head roll? Or did May learn of the maneuvering independently and respond appropriately? However it is playing out right now, someday the whole story almost certainly will be leaked and whatever contrivance or sequence of events enabled the attack on Flynn will become public. You can be sure of that.
Philip Giraldi, a former CIA officer, is executive director of the Council for the National Interest.
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Business, wilderness a successful mix
With the introduction of the Central Coast Heritage Protection Act by U.S. Rep. Lois Capps and Sen. Barbara Boxer, we have an opportunity to protect 250,000 acres of our incredible local landscape as wilderness — a common sense measure that will drive growth in our local recreation economy and enhance the quality of life that draws so many of us to live, work and do business in this region.
The bill will expand current wilderness protections in Los Padres National Forest and the Carrizo Plain, both premier recreation destinations for locals and visitors alike. Having protected lands and rivers nearby adds to the quality of life for residents by providing opportunities to camp, hike, hunt, fish, see wildlife, horseback ride, rock climb and backpack. These beautiful wild lands provide scenic backdrops to our communities and draw tourists to the region, helping support our local economy.
Significant evidence shows that proximity to wilderness creates prosperity for communities. The nonprofit Headwaters Economics has published numerous studies showing that protected federal land in the West — wilderness, national parks and national Monuments — are important economic assets that attract people and businesses as well as new jobs and income.
In 2010, western non-metro counties had, on average, a per capita income that was $436 higher for every 10,000 acres of protected public land within their boundaries. According to a recent study by the Outdoor Industry Association, the California outdoor recreation economy contributes $85.4 billion annually to the state in consumer spending, $27 billion in wages and salaries and 732,000 direct California jobs.
Patagonia, with our headquarters based in Ventura, is a good example of the economic benefits brought by protected natural resources available for recreation: our employees are attracted by our proximity not only to the ocean to surf, but the nearby Los Padres National Forest for rock climbing and hiking, as well as family camping and fishing.
But it’s not just the economy at stake. The lands and rivers that would be forever protected by additional designations are home to the San Joaquin kit fox, southern steelhead, Smith’s blue butterfly, California spotted owl, bald eagle, California red-legged frog, arroyo toad and California jewel flower. The forest is also the focus of efforts to reintroduce the California condor, one of the world’s most endangered animals. The Carrizo Plain National Monument, the largest single native grassland remaining in California and home to Tule elk and pronghorn antelope, has truly wild areas within it that are deserving of wilderness designation.
Patagonia supports Capps and Boxer in their ongoing commitment to preserving the wild public lands and rivers of the Central Coast region. We encourage other businesses to support this effort.
Protecting these lands is vitally important to our employees, our customers, our economy and our entire community.
• Hans Cole is director of environmental campaigns and advocacy for Patagonia.
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Articles >> TCK and Cross Culture Community 2013 Year in Review
The TCK and Cross Culture Community 2013 Year in Review
[The first year in review for the TCK and Cross Cultural Community]
Since the coining of the term “third culture kids” (TCK’s), credited to Dr. Ruth Hill Useem “in the 1950s while a member of the Sociology Department at (Michigan State University),” there have been many more developments in the study of, insights on, discussions on, and resources for TCK’s. Throughout the decades, TCK’s have created a distinct voice as a community. What was once a marginalized field of study or population identity has slowly been emerging out of the shadows with continued pioneering work. Early pioneers include researcher Dr. Ann Baker Cottrell who worked with Dr. Ruth Useem and Families in Global Transitions co-founder Ruth Van Reken, who in addition to other publications, co-authored “Third Culture Kids: Growing Up Among Worlds” with the late co-author David C. Pollock. It was through Ruth and David’s work that the definition of “third culture kid” began to have more consistency that the rest of the world began to widely use. The work of people like filmmaker Donna Musil and her film BRATS, which was featured on CNN, NPR and 178 countries worldwide on the Armed Forces Network Television have brought the TCK identity closer to mainstream attention.
With TCK’s described as the “prototype citizens of the future” in 1984 by Ted Ward, then a sociologist at Michigan State University, it is worth noting not only how prominent TCK’s such as US President Barack Obama, as referred to by Ruth Van Reken in a 2008 Daily Beast article, have impacted the world, but also how the field of TCK studies and the community of organizations and service providers that cater to the TCK or expat community have evolved. As such, significant milestones have occurred with the passing of each year.
TCKid reviews some significant milestones for the cross cultural, TCK, or expat community from 2013. Here are some of them:
TCK JT McInnis, while watching a film at a cinema, makes a connection between his teen years and the film he was watching, Argo, which won multiple awards. JT McInnis realizes there was a part of the story the world did not know and writes about his involvement with the hostage situation in Tehran 1979 in his blog. A central Texas television network journalist takes the opportunity to interview him in February.
Families in Global Transition (FIGT) introduces “IGNITE Sessions” in its annual conference program and in March of 2013, FIGT offers seven engaging IGNITE Sessions. With the concept, “enlighten us but make it quick,” the six-minute-forty-second maximum sessions are designed to generate awareness and stimulate discussion. Check out the topics of the 2013 FIGT Conference IGNITE Sessions and be sure to register for the 2014 conference, The Global Family: Redefined!
Aga Alegria decides to expand on the stories shared in her short film, “Les Passagers” which led to the vision behind “Where is Home?,” a documentary examining the experiences of TCKs and their search for “home.” Aga and her production team — Producer Paul Saltzman, an Emmy Award-winning film and television producer and director, and Production Assistant, Alethea Wang, also a TCK – start a successful campaign that ended in March 2013 to gain support for “Where is Home?” Their campaign was featured in a TCKid interview with TCKid Executive Assistant Erin Sinogba . The “Where is Home?” campaign and Aga’s work was also referred to by the International New York Times in “Where is Home for a Third Culture Kid?”
With timeless value, here is her short film again:
Paula Vexlir , a psychologist who has been counseling since 2002, launches Expat Psi, an online psychology resource for Spanish speaking expats. Paula also embarks on the elaborate task of translating psychology and counseling resources and materials into Spanish, opening up more avenues for the TCK community, expat families and those who serve TCK’s. Find out more about Paula’s work, which she wrote about in France-based Expatriates Magazine, and be sure to go on their Facebook page for announcements, such as a Spanish blog for expats that Paula will start in 2014!
Elizabeth (Lisa) Liang opens the Stage Left Women at Work Festival in NYC on September 24 & 25 after a successful 5-week run in May at the Asylum Lab in Hollywood, CA with Alien Citizen: an earth odyssey, a funny and poignant one-woman show about growing up as a dual citizen of mixed heritage in Central America, North Africa, the Middle East, and New England. Lisa, a writer and award-winning bilingual actress who has worked in theatre, television, and film for more than 25 years, including a recurring role on ” The West Wing,” co-hosts the podcast “Hapa Happy Hour” and is published in Writing Out of Limbo.
Al Jazeera streams an episode on June 5 on “Cultural Chameleons,” pushing TCKs further into mainstream consciousness. A TCKid Washington DC Group Leader, John Liang, a contributing author of anthology Writing Out of Limbo, shares a comment to the streaming episode (you may still access the page, but the video is no longer viewable in certain countries).
Pico Iyer, author of “Global Soul” and other books about global travel, tackles the question challenging for all global nomads, “Where is Home?” at Ted Global on June 13. In his Ted Talk, Pico estimates that the number of people living in countries not their own is now around 220 million. Pico Iyer also points out that this “great floating tribe” or those who “live outside the old nation-state categories is increasing so quickly, by 64 million just in the last 12 years, that soon there will more of us than Americans. Already, we represent the fifth-largest nation on Earth.” (Please
click option on video to read full transcript from Ted)
Pico Iyer was also notably FIGT’s 2013 conference welcome keynote speaker in March.
Linda A. Janssen publishes The Emotionally Resilient Expat- Engage, Adapt and Thrive Across Cultures (Summertime Publishing, July 1, 2013), which helps readers understand how the key to successful transitions and beyond “lies in emotional resilience to adapt, adjust or simply accept. Linda combines candid personal stories from experienced expats and cross-culturals, with a wealth of practical tools, techniques and best practices from emotional, social and cultural intelligence, positive psychology, mindfulness, stress management, self-care and
related areas.” Expat Arrivals wrote a book review.
Ema Ryan Yamazaki, documentary filmmaker follows ups her earlier film “Neither Here Nor There” with “Monk by Blood,” a film about a young TCK that juggles his many worlds as the next in line to take over his family’s 800-year-old temple. Al Jazeera streams her new film “Monk by Blood” in July.
Alaine Handa, founder and artist director of A.H. Dance Company, brings her dancing and choreography talent to the Edinburgh Fringe Festival in August with Habitat Project. Alaine, TCKid Singapore’s Group Leader who was also active in the New York group, was interviewed by The Thread in November.
James R. Mitchener, speaker and author of The Illusive Home, contributes to the understanding of TCK’s by offering this illustration and definition of a TCK on his site, Third Culture Kid Life, on Sept 5. Read the definition and other interesting topics, such as his perspective on TCK’s and relationships, the importance of having TCK’s in leadership, etc. at Third Culture Kid Life.
Erin Vignali eloquently addresses the topic of race and her experiences as a TCK, the perspective of which many TCKs can relate to. She writes on Cecilia Haynes Sept 20 blog page, Unsettled TCK, “It’s a bizarre twist of the TCK life that the racism experienced overseas will never make you feel quite as lonely as not fitting in in your supposed home country. For me, growing up as a white TCK, no matter how long I dealt with the discrimination, I always held out hope for people to see me like I see myself- no race, no accent, no nationality.”
Rahul Gandotra officially releases his Academy Award shortlisted film The Road Home on Sept 20. Rahul invites everyone to watch his film and receive goodies by staying in touch with him, as he continues his work and starts preparing for other film projects.
Lois J. Bushong publishes what may be the first book specifically written for therapists and counselors who work with TCK’s, Belonging Everywhere and Nowhere: Insights into Counseling the Globally Mobile (Mango Tree Intercultural Services, September 23, 2013). A licensed marriage and family therapist, Lois delves into this previously, unexplored world of how to effectively counsel clients raised outside of their parents’ home culture.
Expat Book Shop wrote a review of her book.
Dr. Paulette Bethel, international speaker, breakthrough coach and international adjustment expert launches the Lost in Transition Global Telesummit with Havilah Malone, TV celebrity and media spokesperson, in October. Together, they host live interviews with visionaries such as bestselling author of Third Culture Kids: The Experience of Growing Up Among Worlds, Ruth Van Reken, Academy Award Shortlisted Director, Rahul Gandotra, renowned Etiquette Maven and International Protocol Consultant, Cynthia Lett, Tina Quick, Jo Parfitt, Julia Simens, Joseph Tomeo, Donna Musil, Byron Rodgers, Dr. Michiyo Ambrosius, Gary Loper, Dr. Katrina Burris, and others. On the second day of the live interview series, TCKid Executive Director Myra Dumapias, also social work professor, discusses her vision and plans for the future direction of TCKid. Please contact Dr. Paulette Bethel if you are interested in the full line of speakers and how to get a hold of any available replays.
TCKid: A Home for Third Culture Kids launches TCKid Talks: An Interview Series Featuring Movers and Shakers from the Third Culture and Cross Culture Community on October 26 with an interview with FIGT co-founder and author Ruth Van Reken and Michael Pollock, director of Daraja and son of the late author David C. Pollock. The interview is landmark event, the first time both were ever interviewed together. They discuss how the field was like prior to the publication of The Third Culture Kid Experience: Growing Up Among Worlds published in 1999 and later retitled Third Culture Kids: Growing Up Among Worlds (as of the latest edition), as well as helpful information for both TCK’s and non-TCK’s from the book. A few other highlights: Ruth dives into the importance of telling your story and her grief journey in her book Letters Never Sent and Michael, who will be interviewed about his work with Daraja later, discusses where we are now after the work of his father and the vision he had. You can find the full interview on TCKid.com.
Sea Change Mentoring, founded by its CEO Ellen Mahoney, provides valuable presentations for students and parents in the Hague, Brussels and London in October. Sea Change provides short-term guidance and professional mentors to third culture, global nomad and expat students in high school and university through evidence-based mentoring.
Quenby Wilcox, founder of Global Expats, recognizes Third Culture Adults, a term Dr.Paulette Bethel coined at a FIGT conference, as Unsung Heroes in a Huffington Post article in November. Quenby writes, “The trailing spouse of today needs to be given a voice, as well as an active role, in producing and delivering solutions to what everyone in the global mobility industry agree is their number one challenge; the adaptation and integration of the expat family.” She refers to the work of Robin Pascoe, or the Expat Expert, to refer to as a voice of spouses who follow their partners with foreign assignments, or expat homemakers.
TCKid receives its IRS letter of determination in November, grant it a 501(C)(3) public charity status. All donations to TCKid since Dec 2011 can now be claimed as tax deductible. Please email firstname.lastname@example.org if you need a more formal receipt for your donation to TCKid. TCKid can now apply to be fiscal agent/ lead organization in collaborative projects with other organizations sharing a similar mission/vision and submit grants and applications for corporate sponsorships. Find TCKid’s nonprofit report and upcoming programs on Guidestar! You can still make a last minute tax-deductible donation to TCKid at our old donations page before we update it. All staff are voluntary, with the exception of our contracted web developer.
The Journal of Cross-Cultural Family Studies, announces its first call for papers in December. The goals and objectives of the journal are to promote and publish research centered on cross-cultural families for the expansion of understanding and practical application. The Journal of Cross-Cultural Family Studies, with Dr. Emily Hervey as the chief editor, is the first known academic, peer-reviewed journal dedicated to cross cultural family studies that is multi-disciplinary in nature, involving psychology & mental health, sociology & anthropology, and education & communication. Find out more about the journal at Worldwide Writings and be sure to spread the word about thein call for papers.
If you would like to send a story for TCKid’s Annual Year in Review, please send a message to email@example.com
No portion of this article may be republished without permission by TCKid or author. All copyrights reserved to their respective owners.
TCKid is a 501(c)(3) non-profit public charity and does not advertise for for-profit business purposes. Mention of any entrepreneurs and small businesses in the context of this 2013 Year in Review is for educational purposes and serves to depict TCK’s in leadership positions and relationships TCKid has with supporters that contribute to TCKid’s mission.
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International Herald Tribune writes:
From photo- and calendar-sharing services to online games, desktop movies, “citizen journalist” sites and free encyclopedias, the Internet is transforming yet again, awash in a remarkable array of peer-to-peer software systems that make it easy to share anything digital instantly.
Many Internet executives say that the abundance of user-generated content is reshaping the debate over file sharing and that it poses a new kind of threat to Hollywood, the recording industry and all purveyors of proprietary content: not piracy of their work but the presentation of a compelling alternative.
“Sharing will be everywhere,” said Jeff Weiner, a senior vice president of Yahoo in charge of the company’s search services. “It’s the next chapter of the World Wide Web.”
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Dental Implants Edmonton | Pulling Teeth For Dental Implants
There are many reasons why a patient might need to get teeth extracted according to dental implants Edmonton. They might have been in an accident, that caused damage to a tooth or even knocked it out. They could have been an accident or have their tooth fractured while playing a rough sport. If this fractured tooth is unable to have a crown put on it, it may need to be extracted as well. Ultimately, any teeth that are un-fixable for any reason due to cavity or fracture, would require extraction. However, once the tooth is extracted, the patient also needs to understand that they should be placing that tooth somehow for a variety of reasons.
One of the most popular methods for tooth placement these days is getting dental implants Edmonton. Dental implants are gaining in popularity not only because the procedure is becoming more commonplace, but it has been more sophisticated, improving the methods, as well as being able to do the procedure on a wider variety of patients as well. As more people get implants, more people hear about it, and realize that it is an option for them.
One of the most important things that a patient keeps in mind however, is regardless of their method of tooth extraction, if they are going to get dental implants Edmonton afterwards, they need to discuss that with their dentist prior to the extraction to ensure that there caring for their mouth properly, and then coming back to see them at the right time to allow the best environment for the dental implants to be done in.
While patient should expect their gums to be sore, and not be healed for about 1 to 2 weeks after the extraction, putting them at risk of infections during this time as well. However, after two weeks, their risk of infection drops and their ability to eat a wider variety of foods increases. This is important, because if a patient does not wait long enough before eating or drinking certain things, they could cause an infection that would negatively impact their ability to heal.
In addition to avoiding eating and drinking certain things to avoid infections, is also recommended by dental implants Edmonton that patients avoid smoking until they are completely healed, which could take up to six months. The reason why, is because smoking can negatively impact the patient’s ability to heal, causing them to heal slower. If the patient gets dental implants after their extraction, they going to need to avoid smoking for even longer, as smoking can negatively impact the ability of the patients gums to heal into the threads of the implant.
By understanding the amount of time their going to need in order to heal themselves from an extraction, as well as an implant can help patients be prepared for doing what they need to do to heal completely to avoid problems, and to be able to get their implants on time, and without complications.
Dental Implants Edmonton | Pulling Teeth For Dental Implants
Not all dental extractions require a patient to replace that tooth says dental implants Edmonton. However, if a patient will be left with a gap in between teeth, or with a tooth on the top of the bottom being left without a partner to write down on, a patient should be replacing that tooth through dental implants or dentures. The reason why, is because after an extraction, if the tooth is not replaced, it could actually negatively impact the healthy teeth in a patient’s mouth, which would affect their overall oral health as well. Therefore, before patient assumes they do not need to replace a tooth that is getting extracted, they should talk to their dentist and find out their recommendation.
There are a lot of reasons why the patient would not need to replace that tooth of their getting pulled, whether it is a wisdom tooth that is impacted, or a baby tooth that had not fallen out yet, these reasons would not require a tooth replacement. Even in the case of overcrowding, that would require orthodontics to fix do not need to have the teeth replaced. However, most of the time when patients have teeth removed from their mouth, they should get them replaced.
If a patient does not replace a tooth, it could impact the healthy teeth still on the mouth, causing the teeth beside the one that is removed to start to tilt, causing biting problems, pain and even cavities. But not replacing teeth that have been extracted, it could compromise the health of the other teeth in the mouth, as well as a patient’s overall health as well.
After a patient has had their teeth removed, and they are going to get dental implants Edmonton, they need to ensure that they are waiting for their gums to be healed, but not too long. After about six months or longer, a patient’s bones will have completely healed, but then there will also be some shrinkage. This shrinkage happens any time there are not teeth in the gums to stimulate blood flow. This shrinkage will happen first after six months, but it will continue for the patient’s lifetime. However, if they get a dental implant, that will stimulate the blood flow in the gums enough to avoid shrinkage or bone loss. Therefore, it is important that a patient waits until there gums are healed, but not too long that will cause shrinkage of the bone.
If the patient does wait to long for going to see their dentist will getting dental implants Edmonton, this may cause the dentist require to use a boat or a gum graft in order to replace the bone that has already started to erode. To avoid not, a patient needs to become indicated with their dentist, and go in for regular checkups in order to get the implant placed at the best time.
If a patient is getting into the extraction in order to replace teeth through dental implants Edmonton, they should ensure that they are finding out all the proper healing instructions so they do not compromise their gum health, and their healing prior to getting the implant. In addition, they can find out why it is important not to wait too long, so that they can ensure the implants that they get are implanted at the right time, and have the greatest chances of healing.
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Tue 13 Sep 2022 - Tue 11 Oct 2022
£125* | £105* Concession
2pm - 4.30pm
A step-by-step journey introducing you to basic and intermediate drawing techniques.
Our tutors are artists and qualified teachers specialising in teaching students of all abilities and can offer an insight into both historical and contemporary art. Basic materials are provided.
is a practising ceramics and fine artist and is a regular tutor at Exeter Phoenix. Observation of human and natural form (in both 2D and 3D media) has remained central to her interests. Sarah focuses on learning ‘ways to see’, that are key for expressing the world of form around us, and on sharing skills and techniques in an informal atmosphere, which bring out the best creative ideas.
Workshop attendees get 10% off all food and hot drinks at the Café Bar.
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What is Vegan Hair Care?
Vegan hair care is a style choice that focuses on using natural ingredients to improve the health and appearance of your hair. Many vegan hairstylists believe that using ingredients that are not animal-based can help to restore balance to the hair, scalp, and follicle.
Some of the most common vegan ingredients used in hair care products include conditioners, oils, and serums. To get more details about vegan hair products you may check it here.
These ingredients can help to hydrate the hair, promote shine and protection from heat or humidity, and nourish the scalp. Some vegan stylists also recommend using herbs and spices as natural hair treatments.
Image Source: Google
If you're looking for a healthier way to care for your hair, vegan hair care is a great option. There are many vegan hairstylists who can provide you with guidance on how to achieve beautiful, healthy locks without harming animals.
Vegan Method of Shampooing
If you are looking for a way to make your hair look beautiful, and natural, than you should try vegan shampooing. This method of shampooing uses plant-based ingredients instead of animal-based products.
One of the main benefits of vegan shampooing is that it is cruelty-free. Many people believe that using products that have been tested on animals is cruel. Not only is it cruel to test these products on animals, but it also has negative environmental implications.
For example, testing cosmetics on animals requires a lot of water and energy. This kind of behavior has a negative impact on the environment and can contribute to climate change. You can find the best vegan hair products via https://www.somapsyche.org/bodybasics.
Another benefit of vegan shampooing is that it is eco-friendly. Many plant-based ingredients are environmentally friendly and sustainable. For example, hemp oil is a sustainable alternative to synthetic oils used in many hair products. Hemp oil does not have any harmful side effects and does not require special care when it comes to disposal.
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Download Complete Book (29.0 MB)
Education--Iowa--History; Universities and colleges--Iowa;
A history of higher education in Iowa and descriptions of higher education institutions up to 1893, including faculty, student populations, buildings, and courses of study.
Government Printing Office
1 PDF file (190 pages)
Parker, Leonard F., "Higher Education in Iowa" (1893). Iowa Book Gallery. 19.
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National Wildlife Federation & Campus Race to Zero Waste
The National Wildlife Federation and the Campus Race to Zero Waste Program is excited to announce a new certification program for colleges and universities taking action to reduce the purchase and use of plastics on campus.
There are three levels of certification:
Bronze (18-48 points): Introductory badge - your college or university is newer to the plastics reduction space, and trying to get the word out about the need for change.
**Silver (49-74 points): Intermediate badge - your college or university is reducing plastics in practice, and your impact is visible campus-wide.
Green (75-100 points): Advanced level badge - your college or university is institutionally committed, and demonstrating leadership in the plastics reduction space as a true change agent.
**UMBC is working towards the Silver designation
More Information about the Plastics Reduction Partner Program:
The Plastics Reduction Partner program is on a three-year cycle to integrate into action and reporting associated with AASHE STARS processes. Campuses will be asked to re-apply for certification every three years to remain current, and your three year date is determined by the month and year of your last submission.
Campuses are encouraged to review the action and documentation requirements for the next certification level regularly to determine if you are eligible for the next level of certification. Campuses can apply for the next level of certification at any time, they do not have to wait three years. The Plastics Reduction Partner program is eligible for AASHE STARS innovation credits.
For additional information please visit: https://recyclemania.org/home-4/about-recyclemania/plastics-reduction-partner/
Stay tuned in the coming weeks for additional information and how you can help UMBC!
Posted: January 6, 2022, 12:23 PM
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Previous NextRead More
Online tutorials including live support sessions and online tests including contact classes, live queries sessions. (56 hours)
Course work/ Project to analyse the performance
Case study session : Contact classes +Tutor assessment
- Certificate course in Railway RAMS concepts & applications
Includes online tutorials, live support sessions, and online tests (41 hours) – leading with a Course work/ Project to analyse the performance after completion of the training course.
- Certificate course in Railway RAMS, System Engineering, and Assurance
Includes online tutorials, live support sessions, and online tests (56 hours) – leading with a Course work/ Project to analyse the performance after completion of the training course.
Module Level Courses
Module-level courses are consist of 4 specific courses including Online tutorials, live support sessions, and online tests.
Appreciation course on Railway RAMS, System Engineering, and Assurance
- Two days Live Sessions/Contact Classes by faculties
- The appreciation course is a mix of RAMS, System Engineering, and Assurance concepts and applications
- This course is suitable for corporates who want to provide short term technical training to their employees
Overview course on EMC for Railways
- Pre-recorded Lectures
- 1 Hour live support session by Stuart Charles
- This EMC course provides a comprehensive overview of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) as applied to the railway environment.
News/ Live Feed
Intellex consulting Services provides CPD certified course.
Continuing Professional Development (CPD) recognized by international pioneering quality standards, since 1996, is to describe the learning activities that professionals engage in to develop and enhance their abilities. It enables learning to become conscious and proactive, rather than passive and reactive. The CPD Certification Service provides a solution to this challenge through a rigorous and impartial assessment process which has been established from the outset since 1996.
The CPD Certification Service was established as an independent CPD accreditation institution operating across industry sectors to complement the Continuing Professional Development policies of professional institutes and academic bodies. The CPD Certification Service provides support, advice and recognised independent CPD accreditation compatible with global CPD principles. Intellex is prestige member of CPD certification service.
Please visit Intellex page on CPD UK website :https://cpduk.co.uk/directory/profile/intellex-consulting-services-uk-ltd
We have designed training courses on Railway RAMS, System engineering, and Assurance with focus on its application in railway domains such as Rolling stock, signalling, Track, Power, Communication systems, Station systems, and Depot for Main line as well as Metro rails.
A glimpse of these lectures can be seen in these two lectures by Madeleine & Dr. Verma.
MSc (Risk & Reliability), MIET
Rishi is a highly experienced System safety and RAM consultant. He has worked 18 years in railway RAM and system safety in Network rail, London underground, Canada metro, Dubai Metro and Doha metro projects.He has worked both in supplier and client ends for the delivery of system assurance of rail projects. He is also experienced in establishing Reliability centred maintenance and asset management.
MSc, CEng, MIET, MSaRS
Madeleine specializes in railway safety assurance and RAM.She has over 30 years experience in the application of these skills, and in addition to personally providing consulting services directly to clients, she has also acted in leadership roles, managing teams and developing individuals.She has delivered Risk Practitioner course to Network rail Risk specialists, undertaken Yellow Book training.
CEng, Fellow IRSE, IET and IETE
Dr Mukul Verma has extensive academic and work experience in the field of RAMS assurance, and Design of safety critical systems.He possesses Master’s degree in Engineering and Doctorate degree in Fault tolerance techniques and its application to the design of safety critical systems, followed by over 25 years of experience in design, verification & validation, and certification of safety systems.
MSc (EMC) Distinction
Stuart Charles has a remarkable 40 years of EMC experience in the field of EMC PCB research and design (Bell Northern Research), development test and installation of high-speed data systems (Nortel Ottawa and Harlow), SSR, defense system work (Raytheon UK), and EMC in railways (London Underground and Crossrail). he has worked on railway systems including new station build and upgrades, engineering rolling stock, and track signaling systems such as TPWS. He has published 8 papers on EMC.
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Looking Beyond Money: Yancey Strickler’s Upcoming Book Shares the Blueprint for Building a Generous World
Yancey Strickler is best known for being the mind behind Kickstarter, the crowdfunding platform that’s brought countless great ideas to life. Now, he’s looking beyond money to consider how we can maximize our values. In his new book This Could Be Our Future—now available for pre-order—Strickler outlines how we can build a generous, fair, and equitable society.
We live in a world of financial maximization, says Yancey Strickler. Meaning, we live in a world in which accumulating more money is always the end goal; always the right goal. But what if the point of life was not to maximize our self-interest and wealth? What if we could expand our definition of value to include things like community, purpose, and sustainability? This is the central argument of This Could Be Our Future: A Manifesto for a More Generous World, Strickler’s new book out this October. In it, he explains how we got to this dizzying point of late-stage capitalism, how we can refocus our energies, and how to create a global shift from scarcity to abundance.
You can preorder the book, here.
To book speaker Yancey Strickler for your next speaking engagement, contact The Lavin Agency for more information.
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One idea of Steve jobs brings the revolution into the world of communication in the shape of the smartphone. The iPhone is one of the devices which make Apple the richest company in the world. So, you must want to know the Evolution of iPhone Models from 2007 to 2022, let’s find out.
It was first launched in the year 2007 and every year they introduce a new model which breaks all the previous records.
The Evolution of iPhone Models
From the first iPhone to the date, the Evolution of iPhone Models became so interesting and also innovative, premium, and also luxurious as well. Here, we are going to see the history of the iPhone and also discuss how they change over time.
List of All iPhone Models & Launch Dates [Evolution of iPhone Models]
Here, you will see a complete list of all the iPhone models from the year 2007 to 2022.
First iPhone: 29th June, 2007
Apple’s legacy begin on 29th June 2007 when they launch their first iPhone the touch screen iPhone, It is a 16 GB variant which pon on the original iPhone model and there is no nearly much data available on it and also it doesn’t have the app store as well. It is only able to handle 128 MB of storage. The camera is 2.0 megapixels but it is the first phone with a camera.
iPhone 3G: 11th July 2008
The iPhone 3G is not as different as compared to the original iPhone. Also, this iPhone gets the moniker for 3G connectivity and it means that you can access the internet without willing to throw the iPhone across the room. It was the very first phone which supported 3G.
iPhone 3GS: 19th June, 2009
For the very first time, Apple came up with the iPhone 2GS with lots of 32GB storage options for the iPhone 3GS app store which simply change things in a quick manner like between the photos, music, and apps. The 16 GB is not going to cut it and the camera gets the upgrade to the 3 MP and also it adds up the video recording feature. I think it is the first Apple device with Siri if I am not wrong.
iPhone 4: 24th June, 2010
iPhone 4 is one of the first iPhones which came up with the selfie camera and it is one of the record-breaking releases into the techy world. The iPhone 4 mainly gets the retina display along with the 512 MB memory and it is having to handle lots more even the iPhone 3GS which is having 256 MB memory. It is the last Apple phone in the life of the famous personality of Steve Jobs who is the founder of Apple.
iPhone 4S: 14th October 2011
It is the phone which mainly set the world record and also it made Apple is one of the best smartphone manufacturers. The camera of this device went up from 5 MP to 8 MP and Apple introduced the 64 GB storage option but it has 512 MB memory only. Within a week of its launch, Apple nearly sold 4 million iPhone units all over the world.
iPhone 5: 21st September 2012
By breaking their own record of the highly sold phones, Apple sold nearly 5 million units of their iPhone 5 within the first launch of the first week. Memory is also boosted up to 1 GB and the iPhone 5 is having LTE connectivity and Apple introduced the lightning connector with the iPhone 5. All previous general displays have 3.5 inches but the iPhone 5 has a 4 inches display.
iPhone 5s and iPhone 5C: 20th September 2013
iPhone 5s and 5C are the pinnacle of Apple and the iPhone 5S is mainly one of the most highly sold Apple devices ever. Between the iPhone 5s and also the iPhone 5c, Apple nearly sold nine million units in the first week of the sale, and the 5s hold most of the share in apple sales. On the other side, the 5s is so popular but gets less sold just because of its plastic body. Dual flash and the slow-motion video, include the M7 motion coprocessor and so on.
iPhone 6 & 6 Plus: 19th September, 2014
Basically, S became one of the luckiest alphabets for the iPhone due to the huge demand for the S model in public. On the other side, Apple faces a bad response base variant and the iPhone 6 s internal specs are so similar to those of having iPhone 5s. Finally, Apple took the step to simply make the large screen size device that appears in iPhone 6 Plus and iPhone users will simply get the 129 GB storage option for the very first time.
iPhone 6s and 6s Plus: 19th September 2015
Apple mainly upgraded the iPhone 6s which is quite a lot but its looks remain 100% similar to the iPhone 6. The camera made a large impact from 8 MP to 12 MP and gigs of RAM into the phone which was a major change at that time.
iPhone 7 & 7 Plus: 16th September, 2016
The 7 Plus is one of the most highly loved iPhones ever as Apple started to create large-size phones like Samsung. Apple provides lots of memory and storage options in the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus. The base model begins at 32 GB of storage and is going to be 256 GB. With the new shiny Jet Black color, people mainly went mad for this device. iPhone 7 Plus became more popular because of its new dual camera with the improved zoom feature and portrait mode which allow the iPhone 7 plus to take impressive photos by simply using the depth of field.
iPhone 8 & 8 Plus: 22nd September, 2017
I think that these are not as popular models of iPhone and I saw that everyone is switching from the iPhone 7 Plus directly to the iPhone X. iPhone 8 and 8 Plus sales are not as impressed with the wireless charging support which gets added into it. The camera is awesome along with the upgraded tools for editing and also to filter the images. Apple stepped into the wireless ecosystem along with this model.
iPhone X: 3rd November 2017
The iPhone changed the dimension of the Apple phone and iPhone X and the next mode which was so famous even android lovers Parise. It is mainly launched after the competition for the iPhone decade and after the 10 years of the special card which was thrown on the market. The iPhone X also includes the extra front facing camera which simply allows you to get the amazing selfie into portrait mode.
iPhone XS & XS Max: 21st September, 2018
iPhone XS is one of the hottest running items in the market and it is one of the most complete iPhone models to build. Both of the models are having a front-facing camera for the portrait mode selfie and all seems so great with the super retina HD display. Also, the A12 Bionic chip mainly increases the processing power by simply decreasing the battery drain.
iPhone XR: 26th October 2018
The iPhone XR is one of the badly-failed models of the iPhone and it is one of the worst failures of a smartphone such as the Nokia Lumia. No one is desperate for the iPhone XR as the price is cheaper compared to the other companion model. XR is one of the completely flop models and this is what we can all say about this phone.
iPhone 11: 20th September 2019
The iPhone 11 is one of the latest expensive models of Apple’s annual line and it mainly features the 6.1-inch liquid retina display and also it comes up with six colors. As in apple’s history, this apple base model will get less attention as compared to the 11 pro and the 11 pro max. Both of the cameras are 12 MP and provide wide and ultra-wide lenses.
iPhone 11 Pro: 20th September 2019
iPhone 11 pro is one of the best with the 5.8-inch supper retina XDR display which was crisp and clear to date with the apple. The first-ever Apple iPhone mainly features the two and the three and also the 12 MP HDR camera lenses which offer wide and ultra-wide and also telephoto lenses as well.
iPhone 11 Pro Max: 20th September 2019
iPhone 11 pro is the kind of all the time and the Apple iPhone 11 pro max. In Spite of Apple’s largest and also the highly expensive phone of the year 2019, it mainly sold most of its models. The display offered by this device is the super retina XDR with the 11 pro and its size is 6.5 inches. It features the same three lens camera setup as the 11 pro and offers the same color choice which makes its size nearly the difference between the devices.
iPhone SE (Second Generation): 24th April 2022
iPhone SE models are mainly for those apple lovers who are not able to afford the flagship devices and it is one of the mid-range devices of apple. For me, it is one of the dumbest ideas of Apple, and who will pay more than 400 dollars for this single-camera crappy looking phone. Also, you will get the premium Samsung and the oneplus device in this range. You can simply say that this device is one of the mixtures of the iPhone 7 body and the soul of the iPhone X.
Also Read: The Family Tree of Steve Jobs
So, these are the Evolution of iPhone Models from 2007 to 2022. We hope that this article is helpful for you and helps you to know all the details about it. If you have any queries then feel free to connect with us by simply dropping a comment in the below-given comment section.
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FOCUSED REVIEW article
Inhibitory control of hippocampal inhibitory neurons
- Axis of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, IUSMQ, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Bio-informatics, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
Information processing within neuronal networks is determined by a dynamic partnership between principal neurons and local circuit inhibitory interneurons. The population of GABAergic interneurons is extremely heterogeneous and comprises, in many brain regions, cells with divergent morphological and physiological properties, distinct molecular expression profiles, and highly specialized functions. GABAergic interneurons have been studied extensively during the past two decades, especially in the hippocampus, which is a relatively simple cortical structure. Different types of hippocampal inhibitory interneurons control spike initiation [e.g., axo-axonic and basket cells (BCs)] and synaptic integration (e.g., bistratified and oriens–lacunosum moleculare interneurons) within pyramidal neurons and synchronize local network activity, providing a means for functional segregation of neuronal ensembles and proper routing of hippocampal information. Thus, it is thought that, at least in the hippocampus, GABAergic inhibitory interneurons represent critical regulating elements at all stages of information processing, from synaptic integration and spike generation to large-scale network activity. However, this raises an important question: if inhibitory interneurons are fundamental for network computations, what are the mechanisms that control the activity of the interneurons themselves? Given the essential role of synaptic inhibition in the regulation of neuronal activity, it would be logical to expect that specific inhibitory mechanisms have evolved to control the operation of interneurons. Here, we review the mechanisms of synaptic inhibition of interneurons and discuss their role in the operation of hippocampal inhibitory circuits.
The cerebral cortex is populated by a large diversity of GABAergic inhibitory neurons. These cells represent only 10–20% of the total neuronal population; however, they are able to efficiently control the information flow within cortical circuits (DeFelipe, 1993; Somogyi et al., 1998; Markram et al., 2004). A particularly vast heterogeneity of GABAergic cells has been reported in the CA1 hippocampal region (Klausberger and Somogyi, 2008). The division of labor between different types of CA1 interneurons in sculpting the hippocampal output activity is an area of intensive investigation. Research in this field has been stimulated mainly by the discovery of the tremendous capacity of individual interneuron types to control different domains of glutamatergic principal neurons at precise moments during hippocampal activity that are associated with various brain states (Sik et al., 1995; Ylinen et al., 1995; Miles et al., 1996; Csicsvari et al., 1999; Klausberger et al., 2003, 2004, 2005; Hajos et al., 2004; Pouille and Scanziani, 2004; Gloveli et al., 2005; Tukker et al., 2007; Fuentealba et al., 2008; Klausberger and Somogyi, 2008). Accordingly, to date, most research has focused on the role of GABAergic interneurons in the coordination of the activity of principal cells. However, glutamatergic pyramidal neurons are not the only postsynaptic target of interneurons. Early anatomical and electrophysiological studies provided evidence that GABAergic cells in the hippocampal formation innervate each other (Misgeld and Frotscher, 1986; Lacaille et al., 1987; Kunkel et al., 1988), suggesting that interneurons themselves are controlled via specific inhibitory mechanisms. This was to be expected, as the proper routing of hippocampal information and functional segregation of neuronal ensembles (Buzsaki and Chrobak, 1995) require strong coordination of the inhibition. Therefore, the inhibitory control of inhibitory interneurons should be of primary importance for circuit operation and information processing.
According to previous reports, the inhibition received by interneurons may arise from four principal sources. First, different types of interneurons can be connected by GABAergic synapses (Lacaille and Schwartzkroin, 1988; Cobb et al., 1997; Vida et al., 1998). Second, it was demonstrated that a subgroup of interneurons, the so-called interneuron-specific (IS) interneurons, specializes in innervating exclusively other GABAergic cells (Acsady et al., 1996; Gulyas et al., 1996). Third, long-range GABAergic projections (e.g., originating from the septum or the entorhinal cortex) are involved in the inhibitory control of hippocampal interneurons (Freund and Antal, 1988; Melzer et al., 2012). Finally, some types of interneurons, such as basket cells (BCs), bistratified cells, and neurogliaform cells are also self-connected via functional autapses (Cobb et al., 1997; Pawelzik et al., 2003; Karayannis et al., 2010). Compared with excitatory inputs onto interneurons, the functional organization of their inhibitory inputs has received far less attention. Here, we consider the mechanisms of synaptic inhibition of hippocampal interneurons and discuss the manner via which their complex interactions may take part in the local and regional coordination of neuronal activity. To begin assembling a connectome of hippocampal inhibitory circuits, we first explore the functional and structural evidence of connectivity between various types of interneurons. We also review the limited data available on the major differences in the organization of inhibitory synapses targeting principal cells and interneurons. Finally, we consider the important consequences of interneuron inhibition in the working brain and discuss new venues that should guide future work. It is not our intention to discuss the widespread presence and the important role of electrical coupling between interneurons as this topic has been explored in several fine reviews (Cruikshank et al., 2005; Hestrin and Galarreta, 2005; Söhl et al., 2005; Fukuda, 2007).
Local Connections between Interneurons
In different brain areas, interneurons belonging to the same class are often connected by GABAergic synapses. For example, combined electrophysiological and anatomical studies in the neocortex have shown that BCs expressing parvalbumin (PV) form a high number of synapses (7–20) onto each other (Tamas et al., 1998; Galarreta and Hestrin, 2002). Further examples of GABAergic connections between interneurons of the same type have been reported in the cerebellum, thalamic reticular nucleus, and retina (Hausser and Clark, 1997; Sanchez-Vives et al., 1997; Wei et al., 2011). Therefore, it appears that connectivity within the same class of interneurons is a basic property of inhibitory microcircuit organization. Nonetheless, several studies have demonstrated the existence of inhibitory connections between distinct types of interneurons. In the visual cortex, BCs can form a few synapses onto double-bouquet and dendrite-targeting GABAergic cells (Tamas et al., 1998). In addition, in the neocortex, fast-spiking (likely PV-expressing) and somatostatin (SOM)-expressing interneurons are interconnected (Gibson et al., 1999; Hu et al., 2011). In the hippocampus, morphological analysis revealed that pyramidal neurons represent the major postsynaptic target of most interneurons, whereas a small fraction of synaptic contacts (5–15%) from interneurons is made onto other GABAergic cells (Sik et al., 1995; Cobb et al., 1997). Below, we analyze the experimental evidence of the existence of connections within morphologically defined classes of interneurons, as well as between different classes. As quantitative neuroanatomical and electrophysiological data from identified interneurons are mostly available for the CA1 hippocampal region, we focus our discussion on this brain area.
The first direct evidence of synaptic connections between interneurons came from paired-recording experiments combined with biocytin labeling and anatomical reconstruction of recorded neurons. In these early experiments, accidental penetration of a postsynaptic interneuron, instead of a principal cell, revealed that BCs can form functional GABAergic synapses onto each other (Figure 1) (Cobb et al., 1997). BCs, with their basket-like axonal arborization surrounding the pyramidal cell soma, provide one of the major sources of perisomatic inhibition to pyramidal neurons in the cortex (Ramon y Cajal, 1893). In the CA1 hippocampus, BCs are further subdivided into three distinct subclasses, based on their neurochemical profile. They may express either PV or cholecystokinin (CCK). In addition, BCs that are positive for CCK may coexpress either the vesicular glutamate transporter 3 or the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) (Somogyi and Klausberger, 2005). The axon of the three types of BCs arborizes almost exclusively within the stratum pyramidale (PYR), where it may contact at least 1500 pyramidal cells, but may also form fewer synapses (up to 12) onto interneurons (Buhl et al., 1994; Sik et al., 1995; Cobb et al., 1997). As it can be predicted from the pattern of axon arborization, GABAergic cells located in the vicinity of the PYR may be contacted by BCs. Indeed, a combination of paired recordings and post-hoc anatomical reconstruction in acute hippocampal slices showed that, in addition to being connected with each other, BCs form synapses onto trilaminar cells (Ali et al., 1999). Furthermore, PV-positive BCs form synapses onto CCK-positive BCs and vice versa, suggesting that the different BC microcircuits are cross-linked (Figure 1) (Karson et al., 2009).
Figure 1. Schematic representation of synaptically connected GABAergic inhibitory circuits in the CA1 hippocampal area. The main glutamatergic inputs are indicated on the left. The main long-range GABAergic projections contacting CA1 interneurons are shown on the right. Some connections are indicated on the basis of data from one recording and further analysis may be required. CCK, cholecystokinin; LM, stratum lacunosum moleculare; O/A, stratum oriens/alveus; O–LM, oriens–lacunosum moleculare cell; PV, parvalbumin; PYR, stratum pyramidale; RAD, stratum radiatum; VGLUT3, vesicular glutamate transporter 3; VIP, vasoactive intestinal peptide.
Another example is found in Schaffer collateral-associated cells (SC-ACs), which, in addition to principal cells, target interneurons (Vida et al., 1998; Pawelzik et al., 2002; Ali, 2007, 2011). Interestingly, although the extensive axonal arborization of SC-ACs within the stratum radiatum (RAD) predicts their connectivity with many distinct classes of RAD interneurons, this is not the case, as they contact mainly each other (Figure 1) (Pawelzik et al., 2002; Ali, 2007). Furthermore, oriens–lacunosum moleculare cells (O–LMs), which represent a major component of the CA1 feedback inhibitory circuit and provide inhibition to the distal dendrites of pyramidal neurons (Lacaille and Schwartzkroin, 1988), can form synapses onto GABA-positive material within the LM (Katona et al., 1999). SOM-positive presynaptic terminals in the LM can contact PV-, CCK-, calretinin (CR)-, and VIP-expressing dendrites (Katona et al., 1999), suggesting that O–LMs may innervate different types of interneurons. Electrophysiological recordings combined with post-hoc anatomical identification have shown that O–LMs target neurogliaform cells (NGFCs), BCs, SC-ACs, and perforant path-ACs in the LM (Figure 1) (Elfant et al., 2008). In turn, NGFCs form synapses onto pyramidal neurons and interneurons (Vida et al., 1998; Olah et al., 2009). The identity of the GABAergic cells that may be targeted by NGFCs remains to be determined. Importantly, these cells are tightly interconnected with each other via chemical and electrical synapses (Figure 1) (Price et al., 2005).
Together, these data indicate that, as in the neocortex, hippocampal interneurons of the same, as well as different, classes are likely to form reciprocally connected circuits. As a rule, different subtypes of interneurons targeting the soma and proximal dendrites of pyramidal neurons (e.g., BCs and trilaminar and bistratified cells) form a small fraction of synapses with each other. Similarly, interneurons targeting the distal dendrites of principal neurons (e.g., O–LMs and NGFCs) tend to also control other interneurons that are responsible for distal dendritic inhibition. Finally, the populations of soma- and distal-dendrite-targeting interneurons can be also interconnected. For example, O–LMs make monosynaptic connection with LM BCs (Elfant et al., 2008). Moreover, recent experiments using a combination of optogenetic and pharmacogenetic approaches revealed that a population of SOM-positive interneurons, including O–LMs, can be inhibited by selective activation of PV-expressing cells in slices obtained from PV-Cre mice (Lovett-Barron et al., 2012).
Interneurons Specialized to Control Other Interneurons
In addition to being connected with each other, GABAergic cells in the hippocampus may receive synapses from interneurons specialized in the executive control of inhibitory circuits, the so-called interneuron-specific (IS) interneurons. First, a combination of immunohistochemistry and anatomical analysis identified three distinct subtypes of IS interneurons in the rat hippocampus (Acsady et al., 1996; Gulyas et al., 1996). Furthermore, the existence of IS cells in the human hippocampus has been confirmed (Urban et al., 2002). Intriguingly, the hippocampus and the superficial cortical layers (layers 1–3) may be the only cortical regions that possess such a highly specialized population of GABAergic cells (Meskenaite, 1997; Gonchar and Burkhalter, 1999; Melchitzky and Lewis, 2008; Caputi et al., 2009).
Is Interneurons Type I
Hippocampal IS interneurons type I (IS-Is) have a soma located in the stratum oriens/alveus (O/A), PYR, or RAD and express CR. In addition to innervating other interneurons exclusively, these cells show further preferences, as they avoid PV-expressing BCs and axo-axonic cells and contact calbindin (CB)- and CR-positive interneurons (Figure 1) (Acsady et al., 1996; Gulyas et al., 1996). The prominent feature of IS-Is is the characteristic organization of their dendrites. Morphological analysis revealed that dendrites of different cells come in close apposition with each other to form dendrodendritic junctions. Therefore, in addition to the numerous GABAergic synapses established by these cells onto CR- and CB-positive dendrites, IS-Is are likely to be connected by electrical synapses. As such, clusters of ~15 cells were estimated to be connected by dendrodendritic junctions, suggesting a highly coordinated activity within this population of interneurons.
Is Interneurons Type II
IS interneurons type II (IS-IIs) have been found at the border between the RAD and the LM. These interneurons express VIP, but lack CR. They have a vertically oriented cell body, dendrites restricted to the LM, and an axon that arborizes in the RAD. It has been shown that the VIPergic projections in the RAD form synapses onto CB- or VIP-positive dendrites, with a preference for CCK/VIP-coexpressing BCs (Figure 1) (Acsady et al., 1996).
Is Interneurons Type III
IS interneurons type III (IS-IIIs) are typically located at the PYR and RAD border and has a vertically oriented cell body with dendrites extending into the LM. Their axons form a dense plexus in the O/A (Acsady et al., 1996; Gulyas et al., 1996; Chamberland et al., 2010), where they provide multiple contacts with dendrites of horizontally oriented mGluR1α-expressing interneurons. IS-IIIs coexpress CR and VIP (Gulyas et al., 1996) and may also express enkephalins and the substance P receptor (Freund and Buzsaki, 1996; Blasco-Ibanez et al., 1998). In addition, IS-IIIs are positive for mGluR1α (Ferraguti et al., 2004) and their axonal terminals are decorated with mGluR7 (Somogyi et al., 2003). In contrast to IS-Is, IS-IIIs form synapses mainly onto SOM- and mGluR1α-expressing O–LMs (Baude et al., 1993; Ferraguti et al., 2004; Chamberland et al., 2010), but may also contact other CB-positive interneurons located in the O/A (Figure 1). Our recent findings revealed a functional connection between cells corresponding to IS-IIIs and O–LMs (Chamberland et al., 2010). Using a combination of two-photon glutamate uncaging-based photostimulation and patch-clamp recordings in slices obtained from VIP-eGFP mice, we found that the activation of VIP-positive interneurons located at the border between the PYR and the RAD produces small-amplitude and kinetically slow inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) in O–LMs. After the uncaging experiments, VIP-positive interneurons connected to O–LMs were patched and filled with biocytin. Further electrophysiological, anatomical, and neurochemical analyses revealed that putative IS-IIIs exhibit a high input resistance and an irregularly spiking firing pattern, establish several synaptic contacts onto dendrites of O–LMs, and coexpress CR (Figure 2) (Chamberland et al., 2010).
Figure 2. VIP-positive interneurons at the PYR/RAD border target O–LM interneurons. (A) Maximal projection of a two-photon z-stack acquired in the CA1 region of the hippocampus of a VIP-eGFP mouse, showing bipolarly oriented VIP-positive cell bodies located at the PYR/RAD border and a dense axonal arborization in the O/A. (B) Immunofluorescence images of neurons located in PYR positive for calretinin (top) and VIP (middle) as well as their superimposition (bottom). Scale bar: 20 μ m. (C) Reconstruction of a bipolarly oriented VIP-positive cell, showing anatomical features of IS-IIIs (soma and dendrites are shown in black and axon is shown in red) and its irregularly spiking firing pattern typical for these cells. (D) Neurolucida reconstruction of a connected pair of interneurons: presynaptic IS-III (soma and dendrites are in black and axon is in red) and postsynaptic O–LM (soma and dendrites are in green, axon is in blue) and examples of unitary IPSCs evoked by two-photon glutamate uncaging (bottom left) and presynaptic spikes during paired recordings (bottom right). Black arrows indicate three putative contact sites onto O–LM dendrites. Modified from Chamberland et al. (2010).
In summary, IS interneurons represent a unique population of inhibitory cells, which, via executive control of other interneurons, may provide a higher level of coordination of hippocampal network activity. This is in contrast to neocortical CR-positive interneurons, which preferentially innervate other interneurons, but also contact principal cells. Interestingly, CR-positive interneurons in the neocortex and the hippocampus have a common origin within the caudal ganglionic eminence (Xu et al., 2004; Tricoire et al., 2011); however, as they are integrated in different circuits, these cells may choose different communication partners. The circuit-guiding mechanisms that are responsible for the integration of distinct types of interneurons and their target selectivity remain to be determined.
Long-Range Gabaergic Projections
In addition to the local circuit inhibitory connections, the activity of hippocampal interneurons can be controlled by extrinsic GABAergic projections: one arising from the medial septum (MS) (Freund and Antal, 1988) and the other from the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) (Germroth et al., 1989a,b). First, anterograde labeling together with immunohistochemistry showed that septohippocampal GABAergic projections originating from PV-positive interneurons located in the MS innervate the perisomatic region of various types of hippocampal interneurons (Freund and Antal, 1988). As a result, activation of septal GABAergic afferents produced a silencing of interneurons and was associated with disinhibition in pyramidal cells (Toth et al., 1997). Remarkably, two distinct populations of MS interneurons have been identified: fast-firing and burst-firing cells (Jones et al., 1999; Morris et al., 1999; Knapp et al., 2000; Sotty et al., 2003; Simon et al., 2006; Manseau et al., 2008). A subset of these cells express hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic-nucleotide-gated non-selective cation channels and exhibit Ih and rebound spiking in response to rhythmic inhibition (Sotty et al., 2003; Borhegyi et al., 2004; Manseau et al., 2008). Furthermore, MS interneurons show a different phase preference during hippocampal theta activity in vivo and may target different types of hippocampal interneurons (Dragoi et al., 1999; Borhegyi et al., 2004). In particular, cells that are active at the positive peak of the theta oscillation control dendritic inhibition of CA1 pyramidal cells (e.g., O–LMs) (Borhegyi et al., 2004). Recently, we found that the MS inhibitory input is able to provide large-amplitude sustained perisomatic inhibition to O–LMs during theta-like activity and, therefore, is ideally suited for suppressing O–LM activity at the positive peak of the theta wave (Chamberland et al., 2010).
Second, a bidirectional GABAergic connection between the MEC and the hippocampus has been identified (Germroth et al., 1989a,b; Melzer et al., 2012). In particular, a combination of electrophysiological and optogenetic approaches revealed that a MEC GABAergic projection originating primarily from PV-positive cells can preferentially target interneurons located in the LM (Melzer et al., 2012). This is in contrast to the widespread arborization of septal GABAergic projections in the CA1 region (Freund and Antal, 1988). The preferential innervation of interneurons in the LM supports a specific role for the GABAergic MEC input in controlling the feedforward inhibition that operates in conjunction with the perforant pathway and is necessary for the coordination of activity across different cortical structures.
In summary, hippocampal interneurons receive GABAergic inputs from three main sources: non-specific local inhibitory connections, IS interneurons, and long-range inhibitory projections. Some inhibitory microcircuits, which represent a single class of interconnected interneurons, can be considered as relatively autonomous. For example, dentate gyrus PV-positive BCs are connected in a tight network that is sufficient for generating oscillations in the gamma range (Bartos et al., 2001, 2002). Other inhibitory microcircuits (e.g., composed of CCK-positive BCs or O–LMs) may require a higher level of control via selective activation of IS cells. Finally, the activity of hippocampal inhibitory circuits is tuned via long-range GABAergic projections, providing a means for the tight coordination of activity between connected brain structures.
Properties of Inhibitory Synapses onto Interneurons
Although the same basic mechanisms of GABAA receptor activation operate in principal cells and interneurons, input- and target-cell specificities of synaptic inhibition have been reported. The inhibitory postsynaptic responses recorded in interneurons can be significantly faster than those recorded in principal cells (Ali et al., 1999; Bartos et al., 2001; Patenaude et al., 2005; Ali and Todorova, 2010). For example, paired recordings showed that IPSCs recorded at dentate gyrus BC–BC synapses were twofold faster than those recorded at BC–granule cell synapses (Bartos et al., 2001). Similarly, evoked IPSCs recorded in the hippocampal RAD interneurons were consistently faster than those in pyramidal cells (Patenaude et al., 2005). Furthermore, paired recordings between SC-ACs and their targets showed that inhibitory postsynaptic potentials recorded in SC-ACs were faster than those in pyramidal cells (Ali and Todorova, 2010). Conversely, spontaneous IPSCs recorded in different subclasses of O/A interneurons decayed more slowly than those in principal cells (Hajos and Mody, 1997). Together, these findings indicate that inhibitory synapses formed onto interneurons may exhibit cell-type-specific properties. What mechanisms can account for such differences in the properties of synaptic inhibition?
First, different location of various inhibitory synapses along the dendritic tree and associated electrotonic attenuation can explain kinetic variations of inhibitory currents in different targets. In fact, even in a given interneuron the rise time and decay of inhibitory currents can vary over 10-fold as a result of dendritic filtering (Hajos and Mody, 1997). In addition, the kinetics of the inhibitory current associated with the opening of the GABAA receptor channel is determined by the subunit composition of the receptor. For example, the presence of the α1 or α6 GABAA receptor subunits is associated with a faster current (Tia et al., 1996; Dunning et al., 1999; Okada et al., 2000; Bosman et al., 2005). In contrast, the presence of the α5 subunit is responsible for the generation of a slower current (Bartos et al., 2004; Ali and Thomson, 2008; Salesse et al., 2011). In the hippocampus, the expression of five α subunits (α1–5) and β1, β3, γ2, and δ subunits has been reported (Sperk et al., 1997). Interestingly, hippocampal interneurons were shown to express a wide spectrum of GABAA receptor subunits, supporting the heterogeneity of the properties of their inhibitory synapses (Gao and Fritschy, 1994; Nusser et al., 1995; Patenaude et al., 2001). Accordingly, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that, in contrast to pyramidal cells, which coexpress the α1, α2, and α5 subunits (the α5 subunit being expressed extrasynaptically), some interneurons express preferentially the α1 GABAA receptor subunit at their synapses, which may account for the faster IPSC kinetics observed in these cells (Gao and Fritschy, 1994; Fritschy and Mohler, 1995; Nusser et al., 1996; Bartos et al., 2001, 2002; Ali and Todorova, 2010). In other subclasses of interneurons (e.g., O–LMs), the α5 GABAA receptor subunit can be incorporated into synapses later during development and is responsible for the age-dependent slowing of IPSCs (Salesse et al., 2011). Furthermore, significant kinetic fluctuations have been observed in interneurons expressing a single type of the GABAA receptor (Nusser et al., 2001). In this case, a significant variability in IPSC decay was associated with the spatiotemporal profile of fluctuations in GABA concentration in the synaptic cleft. In particular, changes in the concentration peak and the speed of GABA clearance have been reported as an important source of synaptic variability (Barberis et al., 2004). For example, the NGFCs provide unusually slow inhibition to their postsynaptic targets due to a specific spatiotemporal profile of GABA near the activated synapses (Karayannis et al., 2010). In addition, NGFCs provide a significantly slower inhibition to CA1 pyramidal cells than to interneurons (Price et al., 2005, 2008) probably as a result of stronger dendritic filtering in principal neurons. Input-specific differences in GABA release have been also reported in different subclasses of hippocampal interneurons (Daw et al., 2009; Chamberland et al., 2010). Anatomical data indicate that septal GABAergic terminals have a larger volume and synapse surface area with a larger number of vesicles than do terminals formed by local GABAergic projections. Furthermore, septal terminals contact their postsynaptic targets via multiple release sites (Eyre et al., 2007). Consistent with these data, we found a sustained reliable transmission during repetitive activity at septohippocampal GABAergic synapses formed onto O–LMs (Chamberland et al., 2010). Finally, cell-type-specific differences in the intracellular chloride concentration can also account for the differences in the amplitude and kinetics of GABAergic currents (Houston et al., 2009). Accordingly, a more depolarized chloride reversal potential was found in CA1 RAD interneurons (−61.3 mV) compared with CA1 pyramidal cells (−66.7 mV) (Patenaude et al., 2005). Moreover, whereas hippocampal circuit maturation is associated with a shift in the chloride reversal potential and, accordingly, the GABA effect in pyramidal neurons, the chloride reversal potential remains unchanged during the maturation of stratum lucidum interneurons and dentate gyrus BCs (Cherubini et al., 1990; Banke and McBain, 2006; Sauer et al., 2012).
Together, these findings highlight the input- and target-specific organization of synaptic inhibition in hippocampal interneurons. In particular, the properties and spatiotemporal profile of transmitter release, the composition of the GABAA receptor, the dendritic filtering and the intracellular chloride concentration shape the dynamics of transmission at different inhibitory synapses. The mechanisms of synaptic inhibition in interneurons and, in particular, the great diversity of the properties of inhibitory synapses within and between different inhibitory circuits remain to be explored.
Long-Term Plasticity at Inhibitory Synapses onto Interneurons
The efficacy of GABAergic synapses can be regulated in an activity-dependent manner (Stelzer et al., 1987; Grunze et al., 1996; Nusser et al., 1998; Chevaleyre and Castillo, 2003; Nugent et al., 2007; Xu et al., 2008). Some forms of plasticity found at GABAergic synapses onto pyramidal cells are also present in interneurons. For example, the endocannabinoid-dependent long-term depression (LTD) described at inhibitory synapses onto pyramidal cells also occurs in interneurons (Chevaleyre and Castillo, 2003; Ali, 2007, 2011; Ali and Todorova, 2010). In other cases, the mechanisms of plasticity at GABAergic synapses made onto interneurons can differ significantly from those formed onto principal cells. For example, theta-burst synaptic stimulation induces the long-term potentiation (LTP) of IPSCs in both RAD interneurons and CA1 pyramidal cells, but is regulated via different induction mechanisms. In pyramidal cells, LTP is mediated by the activation of both GABAB receptors and group I/II metabotropic glutamate receptors (Patenaude et al., 2003). In interneurons, the induction of LTP does not require GABAB receptors or group I/II metabotropic glutamate receptors. Furthermore, high-frequency stimulation or postsynaptic depolarization alone produces a short-term depression of IPSCs in principal cells, but not in interneurons (Patenaude et al., 2005). In RAD interneurons, postsynaptic firing at theta frequency is associated with the LTP of IPSCs, which is induced postsynaptically but expressed presynaptically (Evstratova et al., 2011). Although the retrograde messenger required for this LTP induction is unknown, it may involve nitric oxide, which is present in several subclasses of RAD interneurons (Jinno and Kosaka, 2002; Nugent et al., 2007).
These findings highlight the similarities and major differences between specific forms of plasticity at GABAergic synapses formed onto different targets. Such heterogeneity in plasticity mechanisms may result from the cellular and molecular heterogeneity of interneurons and the distinct types of inhibitory inputs that contact these cells. Obviously, understanding these mechanisms will require careful examination of synapses formed by specific inhibitory projections onto the same GABAergic target. To this end, recent data from our laboratory demonstrate the selective strengthening of GABAergic synapses formed by different inputs onto O–LM interneurons (Chamberland et al., 2010; Salesse et al., 2011). Whole-cell and perforated patch-clamp recordings from O–LMs identified in slices from young mice (15 < P < 25) revealed that a 10 Hz stimulation induced postsynaptic LTP of IPSCs at septal synapses, but not at those formed by local GABAergic projections. Interestingly, in slices obtained from mature animals (26 < P < 40), GABAergic synapses formed onto O–LMs by local projections exhibited LTP. The expression of the latter form of LTP correlated well with the synaptic incorporation of the α5-GABAA receptor subunit and LTP was blocked by an α5-GABAA receptor subunit inverse agonist, highlighting the primary role of this subunit in LTP at local synapses.
Conclusion and Future Directions
There is growing evidence that the activity of hippocampal inhibitory circuits is tightly regulated by multiple inhibitory mechanisms. First, distinct classes of interneurons are reciprocally interconnected and form closely interacting networks. As proposed by Buzsaki (1997), such networks of inhibitory interneurons impose coordinated oscillatory “contexts” for the “content” carried by the networks of principal cells. Therefore, interneuron interconnectivity has been considered to be a fundamental mechanism in maintaining network oscillations at different frequencies: from relatively slow theta to gamma and higher-frequency ripple oscillations (Bragin et al., 1995; Cobb et al., 1995; Whittington et al., 1995; Traub et al., 1996; Wang and Buzsaki, 1996; Bartos et al., 2001, 2002; Traub et al., 2001). The properties of connections between interneurons, in particular synaptic strength and kinetics, the presence of electrical coupling and spacing between connected interneurons appear to play a major role in the frequency and coherence of network oscillations (Whittington et al., 1995; Traub et al., 1996; Bartos et al., 2002). In addition, the presence of autaptic connections in some interneurons (e.g., PV-positive BCs) increases the spike fidelity in these cells to ensure their temporally precise firing (Bacci and Huguenard, 2006). As a result, fast inhibitory circuits of tightly coupled PV-positive BCs promote synchronized gamma oscillations (Bartos et al., 2001, 2002), whereas slower inhibitory circuits that link O–LMs and LM interneurons have been associated with the generation of theta-frequency outputs (Maccaferri and McBain, 1996; Traub et al., 1998; Chapman and Lacaille, 1999). It is to be noted that depending on the expression of the K+/Cl− cotransporter KCC2, the effect of GABA can be depolarizing (Rivera et al., 1999). However, the presence of shunting and depolarizing GABA currents is likely to improve the overall coherence of the interneuronal network by accelerating weakly activated interneurons and decelerating the strongly activated ones (Vida et al., 2006). This will support the generation of fast coherent oscillations even in the absence of strong tonic drive to the interneuronal network (Mann and Paulsen, 2006). Therefore, specific inhibitory mechanisms connecting interneuron nets are built to support their oscillatory behavior. Furthermore, the hippocampus is populated by a large variety of classes of interneurons, with synaptic connections formed within a class as well as between classes. It will now be crucial to examine how these different levels of inhibitory communication are engaged in the intact animal during behavior. Addressing this question will require a set of innovative techniques that combine electrophysiological recordings and labeling of interneurons in freely moving animals. Recent data show that specific classes of hippocampal interneurons can be recorded and labeled in freely moving rats (Lapray et al., 2012), suggesting that the contribution of the various interconnected inhibitory circuits to network activity during behavior will soon be discovered.
Why does a dedicated population of interneurons specialized in the exclusive innervation of other GABAergic cells exist? First, it appears that IS interneurons are highly selective in choosing their targets, suggesting that not all classes of hippocampal interneurons are controlled by IS cells. Interestingly, both IS-Is and IS-IIs prefer to contact CCK-positive BCs, whereas IS-IIIs prefer O–LMs. The reasons underlying such preferences remain to be determined. It is important to note, however, that IS-IIIs are strategically positioned to detect the changes in network activity that are transmitted by the perforant path and, therefore, to adjust the strength of inhibition exerted by the O–LMs on perforant path integration. As O–LMs are not contacted by the perforant path, such an indirect mechanism of regulation of their activity seems functionally plausible. Unfortunately, very little is currently known about the physiological organization of IS interneurons. Thus, even though IS-IIIs exhibit extensively branching dendrites in the LM and are likely to be recruited via activation of the perforant path, this hypothesis has not been tested directly. Therefore, from the functional point of view, IS interneurons may be positioned to control selective inhibitory circuits. Second, IS cells may sense and communicate specific changes in network activity and the environment depending on the brain state. For example, the coexpression of enkephalins (Blasco-Ibanez et al., 1998), 5-HT-3 (Jakab and Goldman-Rakic, 1996; Morales et al., 1996), D1/D2 (Gangarossa et al., 2012), and substance P receptors (Freund and Buzsaki, 1996) in IS interneurons indicates that these cells may detect specific intrinsic and extrinsic influences to control the balance of hippocampal inhibition.
Finally, given that the strength and time course of inhibitory transmission serve to control the recruitment and synchronization of interneurons during network activity, a better understanding of the properties of synaptic transmission between individual inhibitory circuit elements is required. The efficiency of the communication between inhibitory circuits given a relatively sparse connection pattern, the manner via which it may change during different forms of activity, and the manner via which the balance between excitatory and inhibitory inputs is achieved to provide coordinated interneuron activity remain largely unknown. The view that coordinated inhibition is required for the proper routing of excitatory trajectories and for the spatiotemporal organization of hippocampal cell assemblies should inspire further research on the targeting of interconnected inhibitory circuits.
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
We thank Dimitry Topolnik for help with figure preparation. This work was supported by the Canadian Institute of Health Research, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Savoy Foundation. Simon Chamberland was supported by a PhD fellowship from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
Lisa Topolnik holds a faculty position in Biophotonics at the Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Bioinformatics at Laval University (Quebec-city, Canada). She trained at Odessa National University and Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology in Ukraine (Ph.D. in Neurobiology), Laval University (Post-doctoral Fellow) and Université de Montréal (Post-doctoral Fellow). Her laboratory uses a variety of optical and physiological techniques to understand the cellular basis of synaptic communication between inhibitory interneurons and interneuron dendritic integration and plasticity. Axis of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, IUSMQ, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Bio-informatics, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. email@example.com
Non-principal neuron which releases γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to inhibit its targets. In the hippocampus, these cells represent both local and projection neurons. At least 21 different types of GABAergic inhibitory cells populate the CA1 area of the hippocampus.
Electrophysiological recordings from two neurons simultaneously aimed to identify synaptically connected partners. If neurons are connected, generating an action potential (AP) in one cell will evoke a postsynaptic response in the other one. Combination of paired recordings with biocytin labeling allows anatomical identification of synaptically connected neurons.
GABAergic interneuron that innervates selectively other GABAergic cells. In the hippocampus, three distinct types of IS interneurons have been identified based on the combination of anatomical and molecular features. IS interneurons can express the calcium-binding protein calretinin, the vasoactive intestinal peptide, or a combination of both.
Optophysiological mapping of synaptically connected neurons with single-cell resolution. Highly-localized excitation of putative presynaptic neurons is achieved by two-photon uncaging of caged glutamate. When combined with electrophysiological recording, this method allows a fast examination of multiple connections to a given neuron.
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Keywords: hippocampus, inhibition, interneuron-specific interneuron, GABA, synapse
Citation: Chamberland S and Topolnik L (2012) Inhibitory control of hippocampal inhibitory neurons. Front. Neurosci. 6:165. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2012.00165
Received: 18 September 2012; Accepted: 24 October 2012;
Published online: 14 November 2012.
Edited by:Enrico Cherubini, International School for Advanced Studies, Italy
Reviewed by:Marlene Bartos, University of Freiburg, Germany
Marco Capogna, Medical Research Council, UK
Copyright © 2012 Chamberland and Topolnik. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc.
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Mexico City, Mexico, Aug 20, 2010 / 12:04 pm
Archbishop Alberto Suarez Inda of Morelia, Mexico explained this week that the adoption of children by gay couples is not an issue of tolerance but rather a concern over legitimizing something that “goes against nature itself.”
Amidst widespread rejection of the Mexican Supreme Court’s ruling to allow gay adoptions, the archbishop explained, “It's one thing to tolerate conduct contrary to what is commonly accepted; it's another to want to legitimize that which goes against nature itself.”
“I know many cases of children and young people who are deprived of a father or a mother ... because of this, they have a great emptiness and are sometimes traumatized for life,” Archbishop Suarez added, underscoring that the country’s traditions and cultures need to be respected.
“It is unjust to arbitrarily step all over the foundation of our society,” he continued. “The nucleus or cell of our social fabric has been the family made up of man, woman and their biological or adopted children.”
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The Essential Guide to Attracting & Feeding Backyard Birds
Filled with useful information and illustrated with more than 800 images and 180 maps, The Joy of Bird Feeding is the essential guide for anyone who loves to feed the birds.
In this book, Jim Carpenter, founder and president of Wild Birds Unlimited, shares a lifetime of bird feeding passion and experience, answers common hobby problems and provides fun bird feeding activities to share with family and friends.
The ultimate reference,The Joy of Bird Feeding has received impressive reviews and makes for great gift-giving!
Available in-store and online at https://order.wbu.com/ottawa/gifts/books/the-joy-of-bird-feeding.
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The school paid $2.05 million for. Will be sold, with proceeds to create an endowment to support scholarships for watkins students.
The town hall meeting followed an announcement that belmont university will absorb watkins college of art, design and film.
Watkins college of art closing. Will be sold, with proceeds slated to create an endowment to support scholarships for. “save watkins,” defines itself as a collective of students, faculty, staff, and alumni whose mission is to “secure a safe and open environment for watkins students to pursue their education,” according to its website. On tuesday night and was met at the door by a man who he believed to be her husband.
There are over 150 artists represented in this auction. Students at watkins college of art say news of a merger with belmont university left them shocked and concerned. The other, the memphis college of art, is in the process of closing.
College will notify student of transfer decision by : The current watkins college of art property on rosa parks boulevard will be sold and the proceeds will be used to create scholarships for watkins students. This video file cannot be.
In nashville, the merger of the watkins college of art and belmont university has caused concern among watkins students, who fear the loss of a safe space in a. There has been a huge wave of anxiety and rage about the merger among alumni and people in the watkins community. In february, the watkins college of art made headlines when it announced a planned merger with belmont university, a christian institution in nashville — a decision that led students and.
Mattis arrived at commissioner susan basham's home at 7 p.m. “watkins is a small art college with a mission of inclusiveness, creativity, and independence. Also thursday, watkins college of art, design & film and hatch show print’s exhibit “paint it black” will have a reception to commemorate their original letterpress posters by watkins graphic design students celebrating the rolling stones’ 50th anniversary.
Watkins college of art at belmont. It would be absorbed by belmont university, also in nashville, and its faculty could apply for jobs at belmont. The watkins college of art property at 2298 rosa parks blvd.
1 weather alerts 1 closings/delays. Belmont has a whole different approach. 1 weather alerts 1 closings/delays.
The watkins college of art property at 2298 rosa parks blvd. When gerald mattis, a process server, attempted to deliver a legal summons to a watkins college of art commissioner, he was allegedly threatened with a gun. As of december 9, 2020, watkins college of art is now the watkins college of art at belmont university.
Enrollment is up at art schools across the country, but after 135 years, watkins college of art is closing its doors. Transfer student must reply : Watkins has fewer than 200 students and has been struggling financially.
This is based on an average price (with and without aid). The deal seemed a good one for the watkins college of art, a small, private art and design college in nashville, tenn. It is accredited by the national association of schools of art and design (nasad) and offers bachelor of fine arts (bfa) degrees as.
Watkins college of art students lead a protest on the sidewalk outside of their campus, following the news that the small arts school will be absorbed by belmont university. Watkins college of art students express concern over merge with belmont university. This merger of these two great institutions, both more than 130 years old, allows for the watkins college of art to thrive for years to come as part of a larger and financially stable institution that can offer greater resources and opportunities to art, design and film students.
On average, a bachelor's degree at watkins college of art design & film will cost you about $156,422. Watkins college of art at belmont university is a art and design college of belmont university in nashville, tennessee. (wkrn) — a group formed by two watkins college of art students and an instructor has filed a lawsuit in davidson county chancery court, seeking to block a.
Transfer application closing date :
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To be frank, I had fairly high expectations for this section–based on engaging class discussions–but the exams were disappointing. The exams at the top of the class were excellent, but there was a sharp drop-off after the A- papers. Many of you missed the recognition issue, even though we spent an entire class period on exploring its meaning with Zivotofsky. Many of you missed the recess appointment issue, even though we spent a lot of time with it on Noel Canning. Many of you repeated maxims about ambition checking ambition without any context–as if you were trying to write something to score points. That won’t work. I can tell when you are fudging the answers. Also, given a 1,000 word limit, many of you couldn’t muster more than 500 or 600 words. Use the space you are given to show me what you’ve learned. You can do better. Last spring, the average score for my ConLaw final was 3.13. Yours was 2.975. Let’s try to get above a 3.0–and hopefully higher–for the final exam.
Here are some high-level observations about each question.
- The first question tested whether you could explain the recognition power of the executive. Although it is not clearly defined, it can be understood asa n extension of the President’s powers to receive ambassadors, appoint ambassadors, and negotiate treaties. Although the latter two are powers that are exercised concurrently with Congress, the reception clause is exercised independently. As the question was framed, the year is 1789. Citing Zivotofsky does not work. Ditto for Youngstown. Further, recognizing foreign countries is not ratifying a treaty, so the Senate would not need to vote on this.
- Although the President’s recognition power is likely exclusive, Congress remains free to use its powers over foreign commerce to affect relations with other nations. The Spanish Loyalty Act, even if it interfered with the President’s priorities were lawful.
- The question of whether the Senate has a role in removal is not clearly addressed by the Constitution, but due to the text of the appointments clause, the better argument is that Congress only needs to provide its “advice and consent” for the appointment. The famous “Decision of 1789” resulted in a tie vote in the Senate, with VP Adams casting a vote that the President did not need to seek the Senate’s permission before removal.
- This question tested whether a three-day intra-session recess was sufficient to trigger the President’s recess-appointment power. The better answers distinguished between inter-session and intra-session recesses, and explained if three-days was sufficient. Again, merely citing Noel Canning did not score any points.
- The final question gave you the most latitude. It can be argued (persuasively) that the Commander in Chief does not need a declaration of war, and the role of Congress was merely declaratory. Also, the President could have the power to repeal an imminent attack. Finally, arguably, Congress did authorize the attack, as it declared war against France. The President determined that Mexico was under French sovereignty, so he could rely on that authorization for use of military force.
As an aside, there were several close-to-real-life events in this troubling fact pattern.
- The first sentence is a paraphrase of Washington’s neutrality proclamation. “Shortly after President Washington’s inauguration on April 30, 1789, the peace and prosperity of the United States quickly became entangled in the toils of European ambition, rivalship, interest, humor, and caprice. “
- Citizen Genet visited the United States a few years earlier in this question.
- Washington did appoint Marshall as a minister to France, but he declined. Marshall did accept Adams’s appointment to the three-member commission in 1797, along with Charles Pinckney and Elbridge Gerry. Soon they would become embroiled in the XYZ affair.
- The article of impeachment is paraphrased from the articles against Andrew Johnson. “That said George Washington, President of the United States, on the 1st day of October, in the year of our Lord, 1789, unmindful of the high duties of his office, of his oath of office, and of the requirement of the Constitution that he should take care that the laws be faithfully executed, did unlawfully and in violation of the Constitution and laws of the United States engage in a state of war with Mexico, whereby said George Washington, President of the United States, did then and there commit, and was guilty of a high misdemeanor in office. “
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Is betrayal a destiny?
Encourage faithfulness to Jesus.
We often encounter opinions that the fate that awaits us will not pass us by. We listen as others say, “He was judged.” “Whatever fate wanted happening.” Today’s gospel also touches on such a destiny, but it addresses it differently than we would. Maybe they were waiting.
Again, as yesterday, we experience events in the middle of the last supper and perceive Jesus as he speaks of betrayal. He says, “… one of you will betray me” (Mt 26:21). Further, he develops: “The Son of man is as it is written, but woe to the man who betrays the Son of man ”(Mt 26:24).
So the Son of man does go, as written of him: but woe to him that betrayed him. The prophets of the Old Testament wrote about the Son of Man, that is, about Jesus. In particular, Isaiah, from which book we read in the first reading even today. The prophet Isaiah lived around the year 770 before the birth of Jesus Christ. That is, almost eight hundred years before the birth of Jesus, He also recorded the words of the future Savior: “I set my back on what they beat, and their cheeks by what they tore. I have not covered my face from humiliation and saliva ”(Isaiah 50: 6).
And there are several such places relating to Jesus in the Old Testament tens. We call them messianic prophecies. So the prophets really wrote about Jesus, and the life of Jesus filled their prophecies to the point. So it might seem that Judas, to the betrayal, was “planned” by the prophets and that Judas had no choice but to betray. If that were the case, Judas would suddenly become a hero because, in fact, he helped Jesus fulfill his mission. However, we know the truth about this help.
Judas, like us, had a free will to decide for himself what would happen and what will not do. He himself decided to betray and sell Jesus. It was his free act, so there can be no question of any destiny. The thirty pieces of silver that he received for Jesus was the price of a child. Jesus knew this, and at the last possible moment, he warned everyone, too Judas, for what awaits man for betraying God. He says, “It would be better for that person if he had not been born ”(Mt 26:24).
We will once have a personal judgment on each of our freemen and voluntary deed. What was against God will be punished, and the deeds will be well rewarded. What awaits anyone who betrays God …? We are all disciples of Jesus as we are here. We also try our while to walk by Jesus’ side in life. We listen to what he tells us, we ask him for help, and we try to report it where they have not heard of it yet. We are his disciples because we are we meet him here at Mass, in prayer. We are the same disciples as John, Peter, Matthew, like James and Judas. We are also often in danger of betraying Jesus. That him we reject in our brothers, families, colleagues, or friends. Judas’s betrayal, his unfaithfulness is a shadow that often falls on each of us. We meet with opinions that the fate that awaits us will not pass us by. We listen to how others say, “He was judged.” “What happened was what fate wanted.” From the neighborhood to us, they catch up with hundreds of different interpreters of “unchangeable destiny.”
But we know the truth and know that the only unchangeable constant is the love that God loves us. Everything else depends on our decision. We decide for ourselves whether we will go with Jesus and remain faithful to his teachings and life or if we sell it for a pair of pieces of silver, like Judah. Therefore, I wish all of us, brothers and sisters, to have a Son in our lives. They did not betray man but remained faithful to him every day, in every decision.
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Retain frontline workers by offering upskilling and growth.
Four in 10 American workers are employed in low-wage, front-line jobs that are hard to fill, yet few have opportunities for advancement that would keep them at their jobs. Building From the Bottom Up, a report from Harvard Business School's Project on Managing the Future of Work, explores what businesses can do to weaken rates of employee turnover and strengthen their bottom lines by investing in frontline employees.
For the study, HBS surveyed 1,025 US workers who earn low wages—roughly $20 per hour or less—and are age 21 or older with at least three years of continuous work experience. Some respondents had experienced upward mobility, and others had not. HBS also queried 1,150 business leaders at US companies across the managerial spectrum on how they perceived upward mobility, which HBS defined as "an improvement in skills that enhances an employee's productivity and results in an increase in the employee's pay or a promotion or both."
HBS found that more than half of surveyed employers had low-wage worker turnover rates exceeding 24 percent. "Employers have ignored the high price their organizations pay: unfilled positions that reduce output and increase overtime, direct and indirect costs caused by constant churn, and the 'soft' costs of eroding morale," write co-authors Joseph B. Fuller and Manjari Raman.
When asked what would induce surveyed workers to stay at their company, 62 percent said the prospect of upward mobility. However, one-third said they do not have any career advancement opportunities. Not surprising, only 29 percent of surveyed employers estimated that one in 10 low-wage workers has advanced in their career during their previous year of employment.
Half of surveyed workers reported their employers do not let them know which skills they should acquire to possibly advance, although 55 percent said they have had a supervisor or mentor who has helped them succeed.
Ultimately, the report reveals that individuals who earn low wages "are willing—often eager—to invest time and effort in upgrading their skills. But they receive little, if any, guidance as to what training or skills development is needed to be considered for advancement."
Based on the findings, Fuller and Raman advise employers to invest in those employees. "The skills, experience, and implicit knowledge of low-wage workers are intangible assets of real value to companies," the authors write. "By nurturing talent internally, they will deliver on their commitment to create a diverse organization—building better from the bottom up."
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Lisa J. Pino, Director of the Department of HEalth and Human Services’ (HHS) Office for Civil Rights (OCR), has urged healthcare organizations and their business associates to review their cybersecurity defenses and risk management policies and procedures this year, in light of the barrage of cyberattacks on the healthcare industry.
The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act requires the HHS to provide annual reports to Congress on HIPAA Privacy, Security, and Breach Notification Rule compliance and breaches of unsecured protected health information. The HHS has recently sent reports to Congress for calendar year 2020 which show there was a 61% increase in reported healthcare data breaches of 500 or more records and a 6% increase in breaches of 500 or fewer records. Not only has the number of healthcare data breaches reported to OCR increased the rate of increase has also increased from 2019.
It will be a year before figures are sent to Congress for calendar year 2021, but all indications so far are that attacks have continued to rise. A report published in HIPAA Journal for calendar year 2021 indicates 714 breaches of 500 or more records reported to OCR, compared to 642 in 2020.
2021 was a particularly bad year for healthcare industry data breaches, with hacking and IT incidents accounting for the majority of breaches of protected health information and the vast majority of breached records. Pino explained in a recent blog post that cybercriminals continued to take advantage of the pandemic in 2021 and have been actively targeting healthcare organizations. In some cases, the attacks have had an impact on the ability of healthcare providers to provide medical services to patients as the cyberattacks have taken IT systems, phone systems, and patient records offline, resulting in canceled appointments, surgeries, and delays in obtaining test results. Pino also drew attention to the Log4J vulnerabilities reported in December 2021, which were rapidly exploited by many different types of threat actor to achieve a variety of aims.
It is probable that 2022 will be yet another record-breaking year for healthcare industry data breaches, so it is vital for all healthcare organizations to take steps to prepare for attacks and strengthen their cybersecurity defenses. Pino explained that OCR’s investigations, compliance reviews, and audits of HIPAA-regulated entities have uncovered many cases of non-compliance with the requirements of the HIPAA Security Rule. For instance, the Security Rule requires a comprehensive risk analysis to be conducted to identify all risks and vulnerabilities to ePHI. Many healthcare providers have only partially satisfied this requirement as they have only conducted a risk analysis on their electronic health records, when ePHI is also stored in many other systems.
“I cannot underscore enough the importance of enterprise-wide risk analysis,” said Pino. “You should fully understand where all electronic protected health information (ePHI) exists across your organization – from software, to connected devices, legacy systems, and elsewhere across your network.” Pino also explained that risk management strategies must be comprehensive in scope.
In addition to reviewing and revising risk management policies and procedures, Pino strongly advises HIPAA-regulated entities to ensure they are following cybersecurity best practices and are backing up their data, testing their backups, patching software promptly, updating operating systems, and are conducting regular scans to identify vulnerabilities, especially on Internet-facing systems.
“We owe it to our patients, and industry, to improve our cybersecurity posture in 2022 so that health information is private and secure,” said Pino. She also confirmed at the 31st annual HIPAA Summit that OCR is continuing to enforce compliance with the HIPAA Rules.
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Learn More: Health Declaration
CHINA IS CLOSED: China has not yet re-opened for tourism.
The China Health Declaration is an electronic document designed to monitor the health of travelers who are entering and leaving the country. It is a requirement that every traveler wishing to travel to China must fill it out. You can get yours here.
WHO CAN ENTER CHINA WITH THIS DOCUMENT?
Anyone planning to leave or enter China should obtain the Health Declaration before their trip.
See the FAQ section below to understand the terms and conditions under which the document is available.
All nationalities can apply.
GET THE CHINA HEALTH DECLARATION
To get this document you will have to provide information about yourself, your trip, your medical and vaccine status, and answer some other safety questions.
You can check our application page to get started.
DISPLAY THE FORM
Once you’re finished with the application form, we’ll send the China Health Declaration via email as a QR code so you can show it to the airline and government authorities when you arrive at the airport.
Required Documents to Apply
Passport Personal Details Scan
Negative pre-departure PCR COVID-19 test result (if applicable)
Travel Itinerary (if applicable)
Proof of Residence (if applicable)
Medical proof of COVID-19 vaccination (if applicable)
Negative nucleic acid test result (if applicable)
The China Health Declaration must be completed if you plan to enter or leave China.
Both nationals and foreign nationals must submit this form to be allowed in the country.
You will have to present a COVID-19 test to ensure that you don’t have any coronavirus symptoms. You may be required to undergo another examination at the airport.
You will be asked to remain under a 7-day quarantine at a government-selected facility or hotel.
You must apply 24 hours before your trip.
The China Health Declaration is a Single Entry document and it expires 1 day after arrival.
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Do I need a COVID vaccine or vaccination certificate to enter China?
Do I need to take a PCR COVID-19 Test before traveling to China?
- COVID test prior to arrival: Two PCR tests taken 48 hours before you travel, at least one of the tests must be taken within 12 hours of departure.
- COVID after the arrival: Test on arrival, during, and after quarantine is required for all travelers.
Is there a quarantine requirement on arrival to China?
- COVID quarantine requirements: 7-day quarantine at a government-selected facility or hotel.
What is the China Health Declaration?
Is it mandatory to get the document if I’m traveling from or to China?
Do children have to present the declaration as well?
How much is the China Health Declaration?
- Standard Processing Time: 24 hours - USD 39.99.
- Rush Processing Time: 4 hours - USD 67.99.
- Super Rush Processing Time: 30 minutes - USD 112.99.
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How long is the China Health Declaration valid for, and how many times can I apply for one?
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Can I get in touch with you if I have further questions?
Where can I learn more about the China Health Declaration?
Learn more about China tourism
Where can I read more?
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The Collaboration program continues for College Year 2019-2020. The bodily exertion involved in gymnasium class results in endorphin production in the brain. Endorphins are the “feel good” hormones that enhance mood and outlook. Kids who engage in strong health club classes profit from the release of endorphins. The bodily exercise turns into fun. The endorphins’ results enable children to go to their subsequent lessons feeling cheerful, relaxed and able to give attention to learning new concepts.
No, you are on the mercy of no matter school system your child is in. You’ll have more flexibility if your child attends a private faculty. As an illustration, as soon as my daughter was grade skipped in one college system and it was on the records, she was robotically accepted into the higher grade when she transferred faculties. It’s a must to be artistic and should be flexible.
Based on the Centers for Illness Management and Prevention, young individuals take part in more and more much less bodily activity as they advance in class. The CDC recommends that schools present bodily opportunities that shall be perceived as enjoyable rather than a chore. An impediment course is a fun, completely flexible possibility for gym class. It can be arrange indoors or outdoors and is well modified to work for any age group. Obstacle programs require college students to work on cardio endurance, agility and adaptability.
Chemistry is the branch of science pertaining to the study of the composition, construction, properties, and reactions of matter, particularly these of atomic and molecular techniques. Among the many different areas of chemistry are biochemistry, electrochemistry, organic chemistry, and nuclear chemistry. This part provides several informative articles for students and lecturers specializing in high school chemistry.
4) CLASS MAD LIBS: These are books that have fill-in-the-blank tales. If you do not know what they’re, look them up on-line and buy a few. POSSIBILITY A: Have the category write in their very own words on their individual sheets of paper. Then learn the story and let them SILENTLY fill within the blanks with no matter phrases they had written down. POSSIBILITY B: Name on particular person college students to provide one answer for each fill-in-the-blank. For instance, have Javier give you a coloration, Rachel give you a number, and so forth. Write the responses on the board, after which read off the stuory inserting these solutions.
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So you have decided that you want to construct your own product railroad, but how precisely ought to you go about carrying out this? Effectively, one particular of the first elements of product railway building you will have to look into is the variation in between model train scales. A design trains scale is the ratio that it has been built at, compared with the measurement of the prototype (original teach).
There are numerous diverse design train scales to choose from, so you will want to do your investigation meticulously initial, to make sure that you make an knowledgeable selection and not rush into anything you regret later on. You do not want to start creating your model railway, only to uncover your strategies receiving derailed by difficulties caused by choosing the mistaken scale additional down the line. Each and every design prepare scale arrives with it is own advantages and down sides which will affect your closing determination and in the end, your accomplishment with building your product railway.
Scaled-down design scales get up less place and as a result, if you are restricted in the amount of area in which you have to develop your design railway trains structure, then you might want to search further into these smaller scales. Nonetheless, if you have much more room to enjoy with, then you may wish to select a more substantial scale, as these are simpler to deal with (and see)!
One more factor that you may possibly also want to look into with relation to picking your model trains scale, is if it is suited to the distinct wants that you want your design railway for. For printable buildings , if you are seeking a train set to use outdoors in the garden, you would do very best to search into G scale trains from companies such as LGB product trains, as these are created for this goal.
Distinct product railway practice scales will also have a various quantity of accessories available as well, so this will be one thing you will want to do your investigation into ahead of you commence getting anything at all. Some of the scales have a far far more limited variety of trains, wagons, equipment or scenery offered, so you will want to search into this meticulously if you have programs on growing your model railway.
Certainly, the far more popular a certain prepare scale is, the far more accessories and areas companies will make for it to satisfy demand from customers. Consequently, it truly is maybe an concept to appear into the most popular scales, this kind of as HO scale product trains if you want a lot of components obtainable for your product railway.With regard to the equipment, you will want to search into what structure you are planning to build too and then study what you will need to effectively full your construct.
As you will see, there are a quantity of important factors when choosing model practice scales, but ideally now you will have a get concept of what you require to think about to create the model railroad of you goals. The most critical issue to reaching your ambitions is to strategy and investigation almost everything appropriately first. For more details on model railway trains, click on the back links beneath now.
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Join the #1 community for gun owners of the Northwest
We believe the 2nd Amendment is best defended through grass-roots organization, education, and advocacy centered around individual gun owners. It is our mission to encourage, organize, and support these efforts throughout Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Discuss firearms and all aspects of firearm ownership
Join others in organizing against anti-gun legislation
Buy, sell, and trade in our classified section
Find nearby gun shops, ranges, training, and other resources
Discover free outdoor shooting areas
Stay up to date on firearm-related events
Share photos and video with other members
...and much more!
Las Vegas (, Spanish for "The Meadows"; Spanish: [laz ˈβeɣas]), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County. The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert. Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife. The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada.
The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino–hotels and associated activities. It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world. Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations. The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of "Sin City", and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, and music videos.
Las Vegas was settled in 1905 and officially incorporated in 1911. At the close of the 20th century, it was the most populated American city founded within that century (a similar distinction earned by Chicago in the 1800s). Population growth has accelerated since the 1960s, and between 1990 and 2000 the population nearly doubled, increasing by 85.2%. Rapid growth has continued into the 21st century, and according to estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau, the city had 648,224 residents in 2018, with a metropolitan population of 2,227,053.As with most major metropolitan areas, the name of the primary city ("Las Vegas" in this case) is often used to describe areas beyond official city limits. In the case of Las Vegas, this especially applies to the areas on and near the Las Vegas Strip, which is actually located within the unincorporated communities of Paradise and Winchester.
Got a one time transferrable credit certificate for a two day, basic defensive handgun course from Front Sight in Pahrump, NV (about an hour west of Las Vegas).
Got it as a gift and expect it will be a long time before i could make it down there to use it myself. Link at bottom of post to Front...
My girlfriend and I are planning a road trip down to Yuma, AZ in the middle of February. 1300 miles one way. The first night, we'll be staying at my sister's place outside of Twin Falls, ID. The second day, we're going down through Utah to visit Matt's Off-Road Recovery in Hurricane, UT, then...
So, I received a flyer today about the upcoming event in January 2020. It looks interesting. And it is Vegas, which a delightful epicenter of debaucherous adventures.
Anyone been to one and is it worth it?
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Herbarium (WABG) is one of the important Garden scientific collections. It was established in 2002 and holds herbarium specimens documenting both the Garden collections and field research and expeditions of the University of Warsaw Botanic Garden staff members. At present the Herbarium includes approx. 6,000 herbarium sheets, chiefly of native and alien trees and shrubs, Polish vascular flora, SW Asiatic and Mediterranean plants. In a large part the specimens’ descriptions have been digitalized and are available via our Index Plantarum webpage. The Herbarium collections are available for scientific studies on site or for loan via public herbaria included in the Index Herbariorum or other well established scientific institutions.
Marcin Zych, PhD, herbarium curator, phone: +48 22 55-30-529
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Port delays exacerbate machinery supply chain woes
Demand for agricultural machinery remains strong worldwide in spite of supply chain and port challenges.
Delays at Australian ports are the latest challenge to hit the machinery supply chain, according to the Tractor and Machinery Association of Australia.
While 12- to 18-month wait times for new machinery were expected, TMA executive director Gary Northover said reports were now emerging of severe backlogs unloading ships.
"Members are citing issues such as overly lengthy delays in quarantine due to a lack of suitably trained staff to process agricultural equipment and overly expensive container costs, sometimes three to four times greater than normal," Mr Northover said.
"This, along with a shortage of containers, is leading some suppliers to resort to roll-on, roll-off for products that would ordinarily be containerised."
Wallenius Wilhelmsen Oceania logistics services senior vice president Kim Buoy said vessel delays in loading and discharging were increasingly becoming a challenge at Port Kembla, Brisbane, Melbourne and Fremantle.
Mr Buoy said the length of these delays had varied from one to two days, and up to a week in some cases, for the global shipping line.
"The recent weather issues in Queensland and NSW have resulted in reduced capacity in Brisbane and Port Kembla," he said.
"Vessels have omitted Brisbane and Port Kembla to trans-ship their cargoes in Melbourne."
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Freight and Trade Alliance head of border and biosecurity Sal Milici was one of the presenters at last month's Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences Outlook virtual conference.
In a session on biosecurity, Mr Milici said "shipping was dysfunctional at the moment" and the whole industry was really struggling.
He said high costs and logistical problems were making it difficult to get goods into containers and onto ships.
"Similarly there's challenges when navigating the border through some of the challenges the Department of Agriculture has had," Mr Milici said.
Mr Buoy said the terminal operators had a limited ability to forecast the number of units held in quarantine by DAWE, which was causing cargo congestion.
However, Mr Buoy said his organisation did not believe this was a key issue.
"While agricultural machinery is also inspected and held by quarantine/DAWE, the main issue is the shear number of passenger vehicles, which is also the majority of the cargoes at the terminals," he said.
"Often port rotation for the shipping carriers are changed on short notice to try to avoid delays - although this is causing delays at the terminals due to the influx of cargoes."
A spokesperson for the Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment said the department was aware of delays for some importers at the Australian border.
"These are due to a combination of high volumes of incoming cargo, our borders reopening to passengers and cruise vessels, changing biosecurity risk profiles, as well as the ongoing impacts of COVID-19, both across the department's workforce and at third party premises," the spokesperson said.
Mr Northover said compounding this were reports shipping companies were not allocating as many ships to Australia as it was proving too costly and unproductive for them to do so.
However, Mr Buoy said the shipping lines would always try to balance the supply of ships with the demand for cargo.
"It is my assessment that overall shipping capacity into Australia will remain the same, but frequency of certain shipping options, and cost for these might be impacted," he said.
Mr Buoy expected delays would continue for the remainder of 2022 and into 2023.
March machinery sales snapshot
Australian tractor sales dropped in March with global supply issues taking its toll.
Sales across the nation were down 19 per cent on March 2021 figures and are now 13pc behind for the year-to-date.
Mr Northover said overall this was still a strong level of sales for the industry.
NSW tractor sales were down 21pc for the month and are sitting 10pc behind last year.
Queensland was down 11pc and 5pc, respectively. Victoria is 12pc behind March 2021 and down 10.4pc for the year-to-date.
There was a sizable drop in sales in Western Australia, down 35pc for the month and 34pc for the year-to-date, while South Australia dropped 32pc.
Tasmanian sales were down 17pc and sales in the Northern Territory were steady.
It is my assessment that overall shipping capacity into Australia will remain the same, but frequency of certain shipping options, and cost for these might be impacted.
Sales in the under 30 kilowatt (40 horsepower) category were down 18pc to be 9pc behind for the year-to-date.
The 30 to 75kw (40 to 100hp) range fell for the first time in some months, down 6pc for the month but remains 1pc ahead for the year-to-date.
Sales in the 75 to 150kw (100 to 200hp) category were down 21pc, while sales in the 150kw plus (200hp) range were down 39pc for the month and 39pc for the year-to-date.
There was a 36pc lift in baler sales compared to March 2021 while sales of out-front mowers were down 6pc.
Mr Northover said in spite of these challenges, and some price rises occurring, demand for agricultural machinery remains strong worldwide.
John Deere, Case IH and Ports Australia were contacted for comment.
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Are bonds a good investment? Investors must consider several factors, including the type of bond, how much interest the bond pays, and how long their investment will be tied up. Investors must also weigh their risk tolerance with a bond's risk of default, meaning the investment isn't repaid by the bond issuer. The good news is that Treasury bonds (T-bonds) are guaranteed by the U.S. government. They can be good investments for those who are in or close to retirement as well as younger investors who seek a stable return.
Bonds are debt securities that are issued by corporations and governments to raise funds. Investors purchase bonds by putting an upfront amount as an initial investment—called the principal. When the bond expires or matures—called the maturity date—the investors are paid back their principal. In return, investors usually receive a fixed, periodic interest payment from the entity that issued the bond.
Bonds including, T-bonds, can be a good investment for those who are seeking a steady rate of interest payments. Although bonds and Treasury bonds are popular, they have some disadvantages and risks associated with them and may not be ideal for every investor. This article compares the pros and cons of Treasury bonds and whether a bond is a good investment for younger investors and those who are approaching or in retirement.
- Treasury bonds can be a good investment for those looking for safety and a fixed rate of interest that's paid semiannually until the bond's maturity.
- Bonds are an important piece of an investment portfolio's asset allocation since the steady return from bonds helps offset the volatility of equity prices.
- Investors who are closer to retirement tend to have a larger percentage of their portfolio in bonds, while younger investors may have a smaller percentage.
- Corporate bonds tend to pay a higher yield than Treasury bonds since corporate bonds have default risk, while Treasuries are guaranteed if held to maturity.
- Are bonds good investments? Investors must weigh their risk tolerance with a bond's risk of default, the bond's yield, and how long their money will be tied up.
This Investment Will Remain A Boomer’s Best Friend
What Are Treasury Bonds?
Treasury bonds (T-bonds) are government debt securities that are issued by the U.S. Federal government and sold by the U.S. Treasury Department. T-bonds pay a fixed rate of interest to investors every six months until their maturity date, which is in 20-30 years.
However, the interest rate earned from newly-issued Treasuries tends to fluctuate with market interest rates and the overall economic conditions of the country. During times of recession or negative economic growth, the Federal Reserve typically cuts interest rates to stimulate loan growth and spending. As a result, newly-issued bonds would pay a lower rate of return in a low-rate environment. Conversely, when the economy is performing well, interest rates tend to rise as demand for credit products grows, leading to newly-issued Treasuries being auctioned at a higher rate.
Types of Treasuries
There are several types of Treasury securities that are offered with various maturity dates. For example, Treasury bills or T-bills are short-term bonds that have maturities from a few days to 52 weeks. Treasury notes or T-notes are very similar to Treasury bonds in that they pay a fixed rate of interest every six months until their maturity. However, Treasury notes have shorter maturity dates with terms of two, three, five, seven, and 10 years. The 10-year Treasury note is probably the most monitored of the Treasury securities since it is often used as a benchmark for interest rate products such as loans.
Treasury notes are often referred to as Treasury bonds, which can make it confusing since a Treasury bond is technically a bond with a maturity date between 20 and 30 years. However, a Treasury note and a Treasury bond are essentially identical except for their maturity dates. Whether the Treasury security is a bill, note, or bond, the interest earned is exempt from state and local taxes. However, the interest income is subject to federal taxes.
Buying and Selling Treasury Bonds
A Treasury note is sold by the Treasury Department via an online auction. Once the note has been purchased by an investor, there are two options. The investor can hold the bond until maturity, in which case the initial amount invested would be paid back when the bond matures. If the investor holds the bond to maturity, the amount that was invested is guaranteed to be paid back by the U.S. government.
The investor also has the option of selling the bond before it matures. The bond would be sold through a broker in the secondary market—called the bond market. However, investors should be aware that their initial investment is not guaranteed if the bond is sold early through the bond market. In other words, they may receive a lower amount than what they had initially invested.
The interest paid from Treasury bonds tends to underperform the returns that can be generated from investing in equities. However, the rate earned from bonds should outpace inflation or the pace of rising prices, which tends to hover around 2%. All that said, there's still room for T-bonds in a young person's retirement account, which can benefit from the steady interest payments associated with these securities.
For example, a steady return can help to reduce volatility or fluctuations in the value of an investment portfolio. Using bonds to help partially offset the risk of loss from other investments helps to achieve diversification—meaning not all of your money is in one type of investment. Also, T-bonds are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. federal government, meaning investors won't lose their initial investment.
However, since younger investors have a longer time horizon, they typically opt for investments that offer long-term growth. As a result, T-bonds tend to represent a minority share of a younger person's investment portfolio. The precise percentage should be carefully determined based on the investor's tolerance for risk and long-term financial objectives.
A rule-of-thumb formula for portfolio allocation states that investors could formulate their allocation among stocks, bonds, and cash by subtracting their age from 100. The resulting figure indicates the percentage of a person’s assets that ought to be invested in stocks, while the remainder could be spread between bonds and cash. By this formula, a 25-year-old investor would consider holding 75% of the portfolio in stocks while splitting the remaining 25% between cash and bond investments.
Investors Near or in Retirement
Retirees often buy bonds to generate an income stream in retirement. Their portfolio allocation changes and tends to become more conservative. As a result, the portion of the portfolio that's composed of bonds tends to rise. A portfolio that includes Treasury bonds, bills, or notes, provides safety and helps to preserve their savings since Treasuries are considered risk-free investments.
With their consistent interest payments, T-bonds can offer an ideal income stream after the employment paychecks cease. Also, bond maturity dates can be laddered to create the continuous stream of income that many retirees seek.
One type of Treasury bond that even offers a measure of protection against inflation called inflation-protected T-bonds—also referred to as I bonds—have an interest rate that combines a fixed yield for the life of the bond, with a portion of the rate that varies according to inflation.
A bond ladder involves buying several bonds with staggered maturity dates in which each bond matures in a consecutive year. The strategy provides investors with cash on each maturity date.
Government Bonds vs. Corporate Bonds
Corporate bonds are also debt securities that are issued by a corporation. Just like Treasury bonds, corporate bonds have their advantages and disadvantages. Typically, corporate bonds pay interest payments, which can be based on a fixed rate throughout the life of the bond. The interest payments can also be based on a variable interest rate, meaning the rate can change based on market interest rates or some type of benchmark. When a corporate bond matures, the investor is paid back the principal amount that was invested.
A corporate bond is backed by the corporation that issued the bond, which agrees to repay the principal amount to the investors. However, when buying corporate bonds, the initial investment is not guaranteed. As a result, corporate bondholders have default risk, which is the risk that the company may not repay its investors their initial investment. Whether the initial investment for a corporate bond is repaid or not depends on the company's financial viability.
Since investors there is usually more risk with corporate bonds, they tend to pay a higher interest rate than Treasury securities. Conversely, Treasury bonds are guaranteed by the U.S. government as long as the investor holds the bond until maturity. As a result, Treasury bonds typically offer a lower interest rate than their corporate counterparts.
Retirees should consider their risk tolerance when making a decision as to whether to purchase a corporate bond or a Treasury security. Also, the time horizon is important when buying a bond, meaning how long the investment will be held. If a retiree is going to need the money within a few years, a Treasury bond might not be the best choice considering its long maturity date. Although a Treasury bond can be sold before its maturity, the investor may take a gain or loss, depending on the bond's price in the secondary market at the time of the sale.
Tax considerations should also be considered before purchasing any type of bond. Please consult a financial advisor before deciding whether purchasing a corporate bond or a U.S. Treasury security is right for you.
Advantages of Treasury Bonds
Although Treasury bonds can be a good investment, they have both advantages and disadvantages. Some of the advantages of bonds include:
Treasury bonds pay a fixed rate of interest, which can provide a steady income stream. As a result, bonds can offer investors a steady return that can help offset potential losses from other investments in their portfolio, such as equities.
Treasury bonds are considered risk-free assets, meaning there is no risk that the investor will lose their principal. In other words, investors that hold the bond until maturity are guaranteed their principal or initial investment.
Treasury bonds can also be sold before their maturity in the secondary bond market. In other words, there is so much liquidity, meaning an ample amount of buyers and sellers, investors can easily sell their existing bonds if they need to sell their position.
Many Investment Options
Disadvantages of Treasury Bonds
Despite the advantages, Treasury bonds come with some distinct disadvantages that investors should consider before investing. Some of the disadvantages include:
Lower Rate of Return
The interest income earned from a Treasury bond can result in a lower rate of return versus other investments, such as equities that pay dividends. Dividends are cash payments paid to shareholders from corporations as a reward for investing in their stock.
Treasury bonds are exposed to inflation risk. Inflation is the rate at which prices for goods in an economy rise over time. For example, if prices are rising by 2% per year and a Treasury bond pays 3% per year, the investor realizes a net return of 1%. In other words, inflation or rising prices erodes the overall return on fixed-rate bonds such as Treasuries.
Interest Rate Risk
Just as prices can rise in an economy, so too can interest rates. As a result, Treasury bonds are exposed to interest rate risk. If interest rates are rising in an economy, the existing T-bond and its fixed interest rate may underperform newly issued bonds, which would pay a higher interest rate. In other words, a Treasury bond is exposed to opportunity cost, meaning the fixed rate of return might underperform in a rising-rate environment.
Although Treasury bonds can be sold before they mature, please keep in mind that the price received for selling it may be lower than the original purchase price of the bond. For example, if a Treasury bond was bought for $1,000 and was sold before its maturity, the investor might receive $950 in the bond market. Investors are only guaranteed the principal amount if they hold the T-bond until maturity.
Pay steady interest income
T-bonds can easily be sold before maturity
Can be bought via ETFs and mutual funds
Lower rate of return vs. other investments
As market interest rates rise, T-bonds may underperform
Inflation can erode interest income
Bonds sold before maturity can realize a loss
Why Would Investing in Bonds Be a Bad Idea?
Whether a bond investment is bad or good depends on the investor's financial goal and market conditions. If an investor wants a steady income stream, a Treasury bond might be a good choice. However, if interest rates are rising, purchasing a bond may not be a good choice since the fixed rate of interest might underperform the market in the future. Please remember, when you purchase a Treasury bond, the fixed rate of interest for that bond never changes, regardless of where market interest rates are trading.
Also, investing in bonds and selling them in the secondary market before their maturity can lead to a loss similar to other investments such as equities. As a result, investors should be aware of the risk that they could lose money by purchasing and selling bonds before their maturities. If an investor needs the money in the next year or two, a Treasury bond, with its longer maturity date, might not be a good investment.
Are Bond Funds a Good Investment?
Bond funds can be a good investment since funds typically contain many types of bonds, which diversifies your risk of a bond defaulting. In other words, if a corporation experiences financial hardship and fails to repay its bond investors, those who hold the bond in a mutual fund would only have a small portion of their overall investment in that one bond. As a result, they would have less risk of financial loss than had they purchased the bond individually.
However, investors should do their research to ensure that the bonds within the fund are the type of bonds that you want to buy. Sometimes funds can contain both corporate bonds and Treasury bonds, and some of those corporate bonds might be high-risk investments. As a result, it's important to research the holdings within a bond fund before investing.
Are Bonds a Good Investment in 2022?
In 2022, the interest rates paid on bonds have been slowly rising because the Federal Reserve has begun raising the Federal reserve rate. If investors believe that interest rates are going to continue to rise in the next couple of years, they may opt to invest in bonds with short-term maturities if they are interested in higher yields. Alternatively, due to the inverse relationship between interest rates and bond prices, fixed security prices will continue to decline if the Federal Reserve continues to raise rates.
Bonds are often sought after as a hedge against market volatility and equity uncertainty. As public equity markets remain turbulent throughout 2022, those seeking to minimize losses may find shelter with fixed securities. During prior periods of recession, bonds have recorded losses, yet those losses have not been as large as equity or alternative investments.
There are several risk factors for investors to consider during 2022. As the Federal Reserve navigates scaling back monetary policy, equity markets are at higher risk for volatility. Alternatively, by not scaling back monetary policy fast enough, the Federal Reserve risks runaway or prolonged inflation. Both conditions have negative implications for bond markets in terms of pricing or future purchasing power.
Treasury bonds, notes, and shorter-term Treasury bills are often purchased by investors for their safety. Whether purchasing a Treasury security is right for you depends largely on your risk tolerance, time horizon, and financial goals. Please consult a financial advisor or financial planner when considering whether to purchase any type of bond versus other investments.
Can You Lose Money Investing in Bonds?
Yes, you can lose money when selling a bond before its maturity date since the selling price could be lower than the purchase price. Also, if an investor buys a corporate bond and the company goes into financial difficulty, the company may not repay all or part of the initial investment to bondholders. This default risk can increase when investors buy bonds from companies that are not financially sound or have little-to-no financial history. Although these bonds might offer higher yields, investors should be aware that higher yields typically translate to a higher degree of risk since investors demand a higher return to compensate for the added risk of default.
What Are the Best Bonds to Buy?
Knowing the best bonds to buy largely depends on the investor's risk tolerance, time horizon, and long-term financial goals. Some investors might invest in bond funds, which contain a basket of debt instruments, such as exchange-traded funds. Investors who want safety and tax savings might opt for Treasury securities and municipal bonds, which are issued by local state governments. Corporate bonds can provide a higher return or yield, but the financial viability of the issuer should be considered.
The Bottom Line
Bonds can find a place in any diversified portfolio whether you're young or in retirement. Bonds can provide safety, income and help to reduce risk in an investment portfolio. Bonds can be mixed within a portfolio of equities or laddered to mature each year, providing access to cash when they mature. Investors should consider some exposure to bonds as part of a well-balanced portfolio, whether they're corporate bonds, Treasuries, or municipal bonds. However, it would be a mistake for investors to assume that bonds are without risk. Instead, they should do their homework since not all bonds are created equal.
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In the first six months of 2022, the sale of German beer increased by 3.8 percent compared to the same period last year. 4.3 billion liters of beer were consumed this year, about 160 million liters more than in the first half of 2021.
German beer sales rise after COVID
On Monday, Germany’s Federal Statistical Office (Destatis) published figures showing that sales of beer warehouses and breweries in Germany rose by 3.8 percent in the first six months of 2022. This increase in sales accounted for 4.3 billion liters of German beer consumed worldwide, which is 157.2 million liters more than was consumed in the first six months of last year.
On the other hand, sales of drinks that mix beer with other, non-alcoholic beverages such as sodas or fruit juices fell 3.3 percent, accounting for just 5.3 percent of total sales. The figures above do not include non-alcoholic beer, malt-based drinks or beer imported from outside the EU.
Destatis data also showed that beer sales increased significantly in spring and summer – probably because of all those people heading over beer gardens and folk festivities at St the weather good – both in autumn and winter.
Germans demand more beer!
Of the total beer sales in the first half of this year, 3.6 billion liters (82.5 percent) were sold for consumption in Germany and were subject to taxation. This is 6.4% more compared to the same period in 2021.
The remaining 759.2 million liters of German beer were sold tax-free (ie for export), which is 7 percent less than in 2021. Of these, 405.3 million liters were sold to EU countries, 348.5 million liters to non-EU countries, and 5.3 million liters were distributed free to employees is working at breweries.
Beer consumption in Germany is still below pre-pandemic levels
The amount of beer consumed in Germany this year is still much lower than before the coronavirus pandemic. Beer sales in Germany fell during the pandemic, with Germans drinking 5.5 percent less beer in the first six months of 2022 compared to the same period in 2019, mainly as a result of the lockdown that kept bars and pubs closed. This means that in the first half of 2019, 253.8 million liters more beer was drunk in Germany.
In the long term, Art beer sales have fallen significantly over the past 20 years; beer sales in Germany have fallen by about 25 percent since 2000.
visit this page.
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Poseidon Principle Loans: LNG Averages Seven Extra Years Additional Competitive Advantage
New analysis from SEA-LNG demonstrates how ship assets opting for LNG can benefit for up to eight years of emissions compliance for preferable asset financing versus conventional vessel fuels like HSFO, VLSFO, and MGO.
LNG fuel delivers up to 28% lower CO2 profile from tank to wake, which makes LNG vessels favourable to the Poseidon Principles’ funding criteria, which were instituted by the founding financial institutions to improve strategic decision making and to shape a better future for the shipping industry and society.
The Poseidon Principles measure progress towards these objectives using Average Efficiency Ratio (AER) scoring. This follows an ever-tightening decarbonisation trajectory index to 2050, requiring a vessel’s aggregate carbon emissions intensity to improve.
LNG-fuelled vessels, with their lower CO2 profiles, comply with this trajectory far longer, and ‘fall out’ of favour many years later than conventionally fuelled vessels. SEA-LNG’s analysis found that LNG fuel can extend the emissions compliance runway for five to eight more years for owners across all market scenarios; weak (requiring slow steaming), normal, and strong (requiring elevated speeds).
This ‘extended compliance runway’ provides LNG-fuelled ship owners with strong competitive advantages, including the precious time to extend compliance through the use of fuel options that reduce emissions further, such as bio-LNG or liquefied synthetic methane (LSM) – both of which are interchangeable with LNG.
Data from SEA-LNG analysis, referencing recent public U.S. Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) filings, indicates that AER scores are key metrics for determining the interest rate charge for “Sustainability Linked Loan Principles”. The loan interest rate for a public case shows the potential loan interest reduction or increase of 10 basis points, for good or poor performing AER scores respectively; representing a 20 basis point range – Each basis point represents 1/100 of 1 percent, thus 20 basis points is 2/10 of 1 percent.
This comes at a time when more banks in shipping are aligning with green finance principles. The Poseidon Principles now cover over 15 financial institutions, representing a loan portfolio near $150 billion, or about a third of all maritime loans.
Chartering criteria are quickly following finance with a similar emissions reduction trajectory, according to SEA-LNG. Sea Cargo Charter, a newly formed organisation that represents 17 major charterers, will give preference to green ships with its emissions compliance program.
John Hatley, SEA-LNG Investment Committee Chairman, said: “The combination of these factors makes LNG the clear compelling choice for long-term emissions compliance. Asset finance (banks) and Charterers are two incredibly powerful forces when it comes to moving shipping towards its decarbonization goals. These incentives provide a compelling pathway for shipowner’s aspiring to achieve lower emissions and also gain a competitive advantage with LNG fuel.”
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Is the Philippines’ highest achievement in football?
Looks like it is, based on my reading, this is the farthest that any Philippine national football team has reached in all 3 biggest international competitions with qualifying phase – the World Cup, Asian Cup and the Olympics.
Although, the Philippines qualified in the World Cup in 1950, but its participation was by invitation only.
I forgot to specify, this is this is the women’s national soccer team. The Malditas. Never underestimate a woman to make history.
All it took was just a 1-1 draw with Bahrain, thanks to the late equalizing goal by Sara Castañeda in 82nd minute.
The game was nil-nil until in the 56th minute when Bahrain’s opened the scoring to lead 1-0 over the Pinays. This is the first goal conceded by the latter, who garnered 17 goals.
The Bahrainis were visibly dejected after the game because the draw result has sent them packing, even if they’ll win their last game against Iraq.
The Malditas still has one game remaining against the Jordanians. The Philippines would still qualify even if they lose or draw.
The Philippines currently sits at second place in Group A. Jordan is at first place, but this placement has no bearing, as they already qualified as host for next year’s AFC Women’s Asian Cup.
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The highlights of the game against Bahrain.
Looking the full match game replay?
Click here for other results in the AFC Women’s Cup qualifying games.
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Development of stormwater exfiltration systems
thesisposted on 08.06.2021, 11:55 authored by Zulfiqar Ali Khowaja
Pollutant loading from urban runoff has been established as a major cause of receiving water degradation. In an effort to control this problem at the source many Best Management Practices (BMP) have been developed. In this report, the Atlantis Exfiltration Tanks System, was developed as a potential BMP for the City of Sarnia. In order to analyze the efficiency and performance characteristics of the Atlantis Exfiltration Tanks, it is necessary to conduct pilot study before implementation. For this purpose, the highly impervious parking lot of the Newton's Park in Sarnia was selected to develop the Atlantis Exfiltration System (AES). The construction of AES was completed in summer of 2004. AES is an "at source" base water purification and storage system. This report includes the construction and performance of AES followed by conclusions and recommendations for further study.
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- How do I determine gauge?
Knit a 3-4” square section with your loom and yarn, measure one inch of your knitting (horizonally) to determine how many stitches there are per inch. Do the same thing to the amount of rows (vertically) to determine how many rows per inch of knitting. This is your gauge or tightness of stitches. It will display as Xsts and Zrows=1(or 2) inches of knitting.
- What is a Knitting Board?
A Knitting Board, also referred to as a long loom, knitting rake, or frame, is a hand knitting tool that creates a double knit, a two sided fabric that is complete on both sides. This is great when working with afghan or other items where you want to see the color design on both sides. No curling edges that need blocking.
- What is double knit?
Double knitting creates a 2 sided fabric. Instead of working the adjacent peg, like in single knitting, you work the peg across the loom, on the other rail or board. 2 pegs create one stitch.
- Does it have to be bulky?
The thickness of the fabric depends on several options. First is the yarn that is being used, and then, how you set the spacers on the knitting board. The spacing between the 2 rails or boards determines the size of your gauge, or stitches. You can create a light, open weave or very bulky effect with the thickness of yarn and space between the boards.
- Does it take twice as much yarn as single knit?
It requires approximately 1.5 times the yarn used to single knit the same item.
- Can you create shapes on the board or just straight pieces?
You can do most anything as far as shaping your pieces, just as you would with needle knitting. It involves the process of increase and decrease and a variety of stitch patterns. These are usually explained in the pattern.
- What determines gauge in double knitting?
The gauge is determined by 3 things, the yarn, the space between the pegs and the space between the board rails, the larger the space the larger your stitch. It is measured the same as when single knitting.
- What does it mean by "adjustable spacers"?
The adjustable spacers or wood squares that come with looms have 3 settings, as all sides are predrilled. These spacers can be rotated to 3 different sizes, 1cm, 2cm and 3 cm.
Your board will arrive with the smallest setting of 1cm. These wood spacers can be removed and turned around to affect the other 2 settings creating a wider space between the 2 boards. You will need to use the longer bolts that come with your board for the 3cm wide setting.
- Replacing pegs
Most looms are fairly easy to remove a broken or cracked peg, but some take a bit more effort. Most loom pegs can be easily removed with pliers.
For a broken peg with stub showing, grab the remaining stub at the base of the loom with a sturdy pair of pliers and simply pullout. Do not twist or bend the peg stub.
However, if the break is lower, flush with the loom, it can be more difficult. Using a drill, drill the stub out from the top of the peg. The drill bit needs to be the same diameter as the peg. Drill out the entire peg stub so that you have a clean hole. Then insert a new peg. Use a (light) swipe of Loctite Super Glue on the new peg. Put it in place and immediately clean up any glue that oozes out. Make sure peg is facing correct direction. Allow several hours for the peg to dry completely.
Note: Do not over-drill by making the hole too large. The Afghan loom peg is approximately 3/16“ diameter.
- Why is one end of my knitting tight and other loose?
This happens when the end stitches are larger at one end from the other. This is very easy to correct. When you hook your stitches over, be sure to work from one end towards the center of the knitting, and then change to the other end and knit towards the center. Be sure to loop over all the stitches. Do the same thing to the other board. Be sure to vary the spot that you change direction so that you do not create loose stitches in center. The center does not need to be exact so vary it with each new row.
- What is the best yarn for the Knitting Boards?
Many yarns and types work great on the Knitting Board. But it is preferable to use a single ply or a yarn where the plies do not separate easily. All weights will work and create many different effects in the knitting. If you are not following a pattern with the suggested yarn or a close match, you may want to do a test swatch of your yarn to be sure you will get the desired finished look and size for your knitting.
- What are sock loom gauges?
When working with Sock Looms there are 3 different sizes depending on the tightness of stitch you would like to create or the gauge of your knitting, or yarn used.
The Sock Loom EFG is an extra fine gauge loom that knits with a gauge of approx 8 or 9 stitches per inch, very tight knit, 3/16” between pegs. Use fine/fingering sock yarn.
The Sock Loom Original, a fine gauge loom knits with a gauge of approx 7 stitches per inch, 5/8” spacing between pegs. Use DK weight sock yarn.
The Sock Loom 2, a regular gauge loom, knits with a gauge of approx 5 stitches per inch. Use worsted weight sock yarn.
- What can I make with the Sock Loom?
With the 3 adjustable socklooms you can make any size sock, up to a men's large sock, baby/preemie hats, and small little tubular projects. But you can also knit flat items such as scarves. To knit a flat panel on the loom, simply do not knit in a circle, but instead knit in one direction, and when you reach your starting peg, reverse and knit in opposite direction so that your first and last peg are never attached.
- What about other sock loom patterns?
There are many great sources for patterns available. Patterns are usually written for specific looms and there are many differences in looms created by the various manufacturers. You want to check the spacing between the pegs and the spacing of the pegs to the edge of the loom. If these measurements are equal and there are enough pegs to complete your sock, then the patterns can be used on your sock loom.
- What are the extenders used for?
The peg extenders can be used to add more pegs to your knitting and create a wider piece. They can also be used to create a square or rectangular shape to your loom. This allows you to convert your knitting loom or board into a weaving loom. To use the extenders, simply remove wingnuts and bolts, and add the extenders to your loom using same wing nuts. Looms with metal pins use extenders with no added pins, as these looms work in double knit. Instructions are available on this website.
- What is the purpose of the needle covers?
They can be placed over the needles of the knitting loom or board. This is especially important when you are working on a project and need to set it aside. The cover will prevent the knitting from getting hung up on the needles and snagging.
- Can you use yarn other than what is suggested in a pattern?
Yes, but different weights and textures will change the look and size of the knitting. Try to choose a yarn of similar loftiness and thickness. If in doubt, do a test swatch.
- Can I learn to do various stitches like cables and rib?
- Can I use your Patterns on other Knitting Boards or looms?
The spacing is important in patterns. If the spacing between the pins and the boards are the same, then the pattern will work on your other loom. Also be sure that the loom has the needed amount of pins to complete the project.
- Can I use the patterns that I have from my needle knitting, and can they be converted to the knitting board?
Yes, you can. This subject has been covered very well in our discussion group and that would be a wonderful source of direction for you. But basically, you will use the needle pattern for the shape of the piece and the style. You will want to use stitches and techniques learned for the knitting board. So, you may want to be very familiar with pattern terminology of needle knitting as well as fairly experienced with your knitting board.
- How wide can I make a knitted piece on the Knitting Board?
The width is determined by the adjustable spacer and the type of yarn you are using. If you open up the spacer to 2cm or 3cm on your Knitting Board and use stretchy yarn you can get a piece much wider than the loom you are working with. For example on the 28" Knitting Board you can get a piece 45" wide by opening up the loom to 3cm spacing.
- Do you have discount coupons?
Yes, we do have special sales for those that are signed up to receive newsletters or special promotions. Be sure to be signed up on our mailing list for promotions and special deals.
- What is your return policy? What if I have a problem with something that was ordered?
We have a very liberal return policy. If you receive your item and after giving it a good effort, find that it does not work for you, just return it. Be sure it is sent well protected and enclose your purchase info. Like name and address and where purchased. You will receive the purchase price less the cost of shipping.
If you receive the wrong item or your item is damaged, just let us know. We will gladly replace with correct item and send you postage for the return. If you just want to return it, you will get full purchase price plus your shipping cost.
If you receive your order and decide you should have ordered something different, you can return the merchandise, in new condition. You will pay the return postage, and we will give your credit towards the new item.
- Do you guarantee your products?
We stand behind them 100%. See return policy.
- Do you have a customer service phone number if I have a question about a pattern or how to use my products?
We have a great discussion group that has a wealth of information offered by Knitting Board knitters, loom knitters, sock loom knitters from all over the world. You will love all the help with products and patterns that you can gain from these great knitters.
Join the discussion group at Yahoo Groups and go to Knittingboards. You can upload your photos of your knitting projects and brag a bit and ask questions, and see what everyone else is working on. Lots of great knitters there! If you still have a question about an order, or idea to share, just send an email to [email protected].
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There’s a lot of financial information out there. Some of it is helpful, and some of it is unhelpful.
I’m sure many of you take notice when the Dow Jones falls 1,000 points in two days.
And even if you don’t usually follow the stock market on a daily basis, when the stock market is dropping, the financial news media will let you know about it.
Because when the stock market is crashing, financial news becomes front-page news.
The financial media makes money when people watch the news or click on articles, so they are biased towards dramatizing moves in the stock market.
The stock market as a horse race
Cable news likes to turn the financial markets into a sporting event or a horse race. Your investments are your hometown team or your horse in a race. You are competing against your fellow investors, who are all trying to maximize their returns to earn both money and bragging rights. Even if you treat investing as a one-player game and are competing against yourself, you’re still trying to get a high score.
The news media and stock brokers want you to treat the stock market like a game you want to win. And game time happens during trading hours, which is 9:30 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday to Friday. Add in pre-market and after-market hours trading, and you could be watching the U.S. stock market from 7:00 to 8:00 pm.
And by the time the U.S. after-market trading hours end, Asian markets will then open. If you choose to go to sleep, you’ll wake up the next morning, and European markets will be trading. You could literally watch the stock ticker 24 hours a day if you let the stock market consume you.
Why watch the stock market?
But what exactly do you accomplish by watching the daily gyrations of the stock market?
Certainly, you can’t change the outcome of your stock returns. If you’re an investor who believes in the value of investing in index funds, then there’s really no need to watch the stock market on a daily basis. You might need to look at your account balances once a month at the most, but you could probably look at your account balances once a quarter or even once a year.
Many investors try to trade stocks, with the goal of buying low and selling high. But as easy as it may look on paper or on TV, it is really hard to make money trading. More often, you’re unable to beat the market, and your returns are simply eroded by commissions, fees, and taxes.
Perhaps watching the stock market is a cheap form of entertainment. Just like people enjoy watching a good basketball game or the horse race of politics, many people get a thrill from watching the stock market rise and fall.
But the stress of watching the stock market fall can lead you to make bad investment decisions, such as panic selling after a big market drop. While short-term drops such as the Dow going down 1,000 points in two days is pretty easy to shake off, prolonged turbulence in the market, such as a bear market drop of 20%, can be harder to shrug off. Watching the news during a bear market will more likely feed into your fear of losing money than reassure you to stay the course.
The financial media wants to turn the stock market into a sporting event, drawing you in to watch. Investors should resist this urge and tune out the financial news. Stop watching CNBC and Bloomberg News. Delete the Stocks app on your iPhone. Don’t look at your investment account balances on a daily basis. If you tune out the financial news, you’ll have more time to enjoy more productive pursuits, and possibly a higher account balance as well.
What do you think? How often do you watch the financial news? Do you watch more when the stock market is falling?
Share this Post
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Australia’s Green Fuel Opportunity in the Race to Decarbonize Shipping
Australia’s regional ports are well positioned to benefit from the decarbonization of global maritime fleets to flow “Green fuels” such as ammonia and hydrogen, according to renowned Australian environmental scientist Professor Peter Newman.
Referring to new research from the World Bank, the professor of sustainability at Curtin University in Perth said The fifth state that there is “no place” for gas in the decarbonisation of maritime transport and that green fuels are the answer to reducing emissions in the maritime transport sector.
“The World Bank report shows that you will have stranded assets if you try to build a fleet of LNG-based vessels, you don’t have to.”
According to the Shipping Industry Report, which is responsible for 3% of global emissions, there is a future fuel market estimated at over $ 1 trillion. The report notes that countries with significant renewable energy resources, such as Australia, are ready to take advantage of this emerging market.
Green hydrogen makes sense in the bush, not in the cities
Unlike the trains, cars, bicycles and scooters used to move people around cities which are easy to electrify and use renewable energy, ships and planes âneed more gruntsâ and lithium-ion batteries will not. probably not up to the task.
The other complication with planes and ships is that they have a long lifespan and therefore need cleaner alternatives to work with existing fleets. Newman says it’s “pretty straightforward” to make hydrogen from solar and wind and then turn it into various marine or jet fuels.
“What we are seeing now is ammonia winning the race over shipping and synthetic jet fuel for airplanes.”
The problem with hydrogen, however, is that it is difficult to store and transport.
Newman’s solution to these challenges is to transform spacious regional ports into green hydrogen hubs for manufacturing aviation fuels and other sustainable exports such as green steel, battery metals and green food products. .
He says that clustering industrial processes around transport and freight âin the bushâ is an economically viable route for green hydrogen.
“It won’t be used in cities at all, it will be very expensive and you can already use renewables directly in homes and cars.”
According to economist Ross Garnaut’s vision to turn Australia into a renewable superpower, Newman reaffirms that Australia has all the sun and wind it needs to become a leader in green manufacturing and start exporting products. value-added rather than just sending raw materials to markets such as Europe.
He said the report’s findings support Andrew “Twiggy” Forrest’s plans to use his iron ore mining business FMG as a petri dish for green hydrogen and ammonia technologies, including transition of its fleet of ships to green ammonia.
The timeline for the report also follows Opposition Leader Anthony Albanese’s recent pledge for a $ 15 billion fund to create a manufacturing sector fueled by clean energy, and the failure of Prime Minister Scott Morrison. to commit to a goal of net zero before a world climate summit.
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Chemokines and their receptors are highly interesting therapeutic targets for pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. In particular, industrial development pipelines are filled with new chemokine-targeting drugs to treat inflammatory diseases and malignancies. In this review, we specifically highlight antibody-based therapeutics and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the chemokine system. Besides discussing pitfalls inherently linked to their discovery, we will elaborate on where progress can be made in the development of novel human therapeutic antibodies directed at the chemokine system. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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The sale of new petrol and diesel cars is set to be banned in the UK by the end of the decade as the government pushes towards lowering the impact of vehicle emissions.
By 2035 the government’s aim is to require all new vehicles sold to be zero emission (fully electric) and have said they’ll commit £2.5billion to support the move towards electric vehicles.
It’s thought about £20m in funding will be made available in 2022 and 2023 to a maximum funding value of £7,500 per project, or £13,000 in areas where the cost of connecting charge points to a supply are higher than normal.
Part of this move is to increase the number of publicly available charge points that are available to consumers.
To help increase the number of charge points available in public places, the government’s On-Street Residential Chargepoint Scheme helps reduce some of the costs.
In the quick guide we’ll look at the main points of the scheme, as well as address some of the changes that have come into force in 2022.
What is the On-Street Residential Chargepoint Scheme?
The charge point scheme provides grant funding to councils that can part-fund the purchase and installation costs of electric vehicle chargepoints on residential streets where off road parking isn’t available.
Its primary goal is to increase the number of chargepoints in congested areas where off-street parking is limited.
What changes are being made to the scheme from 2022/23?
As the government steps up its goal towards restricting the sale of new petrol and diesel cars by 2030, changes to the residential chargepoint scheme are expected to open up access to the funds to more projects.
According to the Government, the changes to the scheme (which take effect from the 2022/23 financial year) will give more councils access to the funding, improve consumers’ experience of charging their vehicle in public and open up the places where charge points can be installed.
It means the scheme will now provide a maximum of 60% funding towards capital costs of installations.
As part of the scheme, any charge points installed must have a “minimum payment method” like a contactless card.
It’s hoped this will open up options for drivers of electric vehicles without mobile wallets on a mobile or smart phone – or those who are unable to pay on their phone.
The final change in the residential charging unit scheme is that funding will also be made available for charge points to be installed on land not owned by the local council (although they can’t be installed on a private driveway)
Although these projects will be determined and approved on an individual basis the Government gives village hall car parks and similar public spaces as an example of the kind of areas where chargers can be installed on land not owned by the local authority.
Want to get an Electric Car Charger installed?
Public electric car chargers are an excellent way to encourage more visitors to town or city centres and to improve the charging infrastructure needed for the rise in electric cars.
If you’re a local authority or group that wants to find out more about installing an electric vehicle charge point using the on-street residential chargepoint scheme, get in touch.
At Downtown Electrical our engineers and installers or qualified and registered to install all the major brand electric car charge stations in public areas as well as private dwellings.
We can work with you to help you plan the installation of the charging station to ensure you get the most out of the investment.
We can also help you apply for any relevant government grants to ensure you get your charging station installed with minimal cost.
Want to know more?
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Is vaping PG and VG safe?
SAFE: Vegetable Glycerin (VG)
A combined PG/VG blend is, therefore, recommended. Both PG and VG are found in many common food items and are considered “safe for human consumption”. There are exceptions, however, where some people experience an allergic reaction to PG.
What is the best PG VG ratio for Vaping?
What is PG and VG in Vaping?
First and foremost, PG stands for “propylene glycol” and VG stands for “vegetable glycerin”. PG and VG are liquid ingredients used in vape juice, which can be combined with differing levels of nicotine.
Is PG or VG better for you?
However, scientific studies show that VG and PG are harmless to human health. VG and PG proportion can severely affect throat hit, vape density, and flavor release. There is no magic number for VG and PG proportion.
Is Vegetable Glycerin bad for lungs?
A study from the University of North Carolina found that the two primary ingredients found in e-cigarettes—propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin—are toxic to cells and that the more ingredients in an e-liquid, the greater the toxicity.
Is propylene glycol bad for lungs?
In addition to the problem of vaping leading to smoking, the Pediatrics study found that the volatile chemicals in e-cigarettes, like propylene glycol and glycerol, can form carcinogenic compounds when heated, and that those compounds were found in the urine of the 16 year olds who were tested.
Is VG or PG better for coils?
“High” VG content is anything at 70% or higher. VG, or vegetable glycerine, is derived from vegetable oil and is very thick, which sometimes causes it to “gunk up” coils. Instead, opt for juices that have a bit more PG, or propylene glycol. PG is thinner in consistency and carries flavours a little better than VG.
What causes popcorn lung?
When inhaled, diacetyl causes bronchiolitis obliterans – more commonly referred to as “popcorn lung” – a scarring of the tiny air sacs in the lungs resulting in the thickening and narrowing of the airways.27 мая 2020 г.
Is Vegetable Glycerin safe?
Since glycerin is a form of sugar alcohol that your body cannot fully absorb, consuming too much — either alone or through foods — may also lead to gas and diarrhea. Vegetable glycerin is generally considered safe.
Is it OK to inhale propylene glycol?
Propylene glycol (PG) is generally recognized as safe by oral, dermal or inhalation routes and has been a common ingredient in all American made tobacco cigarettes for seven decades (AAPHP website). The cartridge liquid is tobacco-free and no combustion occurs (Ruyan cartridge report).30 мая 2017 г.
What does VG PG stand for?
Is propylene glycol bad?
Propylene glycol is generally considered to be a safe chemical, and is not routinely tested for, unless specific exposure, such as to a medicine or cosmetic, can be linked with the observed bad symptoms. Since propylene glycol breaks down very quickly in the body, it is very difficult to detect.
Is Peg safe to vape?
Because PG and PEG 400 are often mixed with cannabis oil, individuals who vaporize cannabis oil products may risk exposure to harmful formaldehyde levels.” A large discrepancy was found between the two types of thinning agents: the natural agents (MCT and VG) and the petroleum-based agents (PEG 400 and PG).17 мая 2017 г.
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Let’s start off with something lighter than outright, embarrassing failure…
What’s your general feeling about assembling flat-packed furniture?
After putting together a desk and a couple of chairs yesterday, I’m still irked. Every hole is drilled about half an inch wrong so you have to have some kind of vice to align the damn thing, but that’s not the main problem…
The problem was my own approach to building the chair because — and the stereotype fits — I didn’t bother much with the instructions. If I wasn’t careful, my Flärdfull could end up looking more like a bloody Grönkulla because I’d used screw 440A instead of 442B and now the whole thing’s wrecked.
But what happens when you’ve got the process? Unlike a flatpacked table, you don’t know if the instructions are even any good. When you’re running a business, you’re unlikely to know if anything you’re doing is any good until disaster strikes. That is, unless you create, maintain and optimize your process documents.
It sounds dull, but it’s not as dull as the dross on TV in the daytime is it? Because you’ll be on the sofa watching plenty of that if your business crashes and burns.
This article is about the importance of processes for your business, but it’s not just that. Here are some of the most disastrous process-related errors in history, and how to avoid making the same mistakes.
The kinds of disasters that happen without processes
Process-related disasters span a massive range of areas, from pure human idiocy to legal and technical trouble. If it’s not an issue of ineptitude (a managerial issue) it’ll be an issue with ignorance (a legal / technical oversight).
“The first is ignorance – we may err because science has given us only a partial understanding of the world and how it works. There are skyscrapers we do not yet know how to build, snowstorms we cannot predict, heart attacks we still haven’t learned how to stop. The second type of failure the philosophers call ineptitude – because in these instances the knowledge exists, yet we fail to apply it correctly. This is the skyscraper that is built wrong and collapses, the snowstorm whose signs the meteorologist just plain missed, the stab wound from a weapon the doctors forgot to ask about.” — Atul Gawande
Examples of mistakes that have been made only because of bad processes and human error oversights include:
- Mixing up metric and imperial measurements on software run by a NASA satellite, costing $125m. The software contained algorithms that didn’t comply with Software Interface Specification and, well, the satellite disintegrated.
- A perfect storm of 6 human errors — culminating with staff thinking it was ok to turn off the emergency cooling system — caused the Chernobyl disaster, costing an inflation-adjusted $720 billion, 30 deaths and an extreme amount of unsafe radiation.
- Thanks to an IT error, 425 million Microsoft Azure customers experienced 10.5 hours of downtime when engineers overlooked an infinite loop in the source code.
- Xerox created a personal computer with a GUI before Apple, but didn’t bother to market it and only built 2000 of the things. There’s no formal marker of how much this particular error cost them, but my word are they kicking themselves now that their brand name is synonymous with nothing more than a hilariously obsolete piece of machinery.
- Zenefits’ woefully under-managed illegal operations blew up in its face in 2015 when it was found to be handing out fake insurance broker licences that were obtained through a hack called The Macro. Not only does it sound more like an underground resistance movement in Star Trek, but it served to fool a computer into thinking that someone was logging training time when they weren’t.
Whether it’s an IT problem, laziness, ineptitude, startup bro arrogance or just a lack of proper education, there have been countless mistakes in business over the years that have led to serious consequences, from billions of dollars lost to the total downfall of huge corporations.
And, in case you thought I was never going to get to the point, it’s all because these businesses weren’t following their processes.
It’s not like NASA didn’t have Software Interface Specifications that would have stopped engineers making a primary school maths mistake. It’s not like Zenefits had a solid legal process that said “develop software to farm fake broker licenses”.
It’s an easily ridiculed mess, like if you were to ignore the IKEA instructions and end up with an accidental unwanted Grönkulla. The solution, of course, is to develop and follow processes. It’s a simple solution. It doesn’t take up much time or effort. But it isn’t that attractive. It’s not something that rockstar hackers think is part of their job, and no one who was hired as any kind of ninja feels too great about it either. It’s time we realized how silly that is, and look back at the catastrophic errors businesses have fallen victim to.
It’s time we started taking stock of our processes — whether that means admitting we don’t have any, admitting they’re not so great, or just cataloging them. Remember, you can’t manage what you can’t measure. It’s time to analyze your processes, create new ones and manage them. Let’s get to the heart of the issue.
Without processes, you have no idea why something went wrong
As the cliche goes, you learn from your mistakes. At least, you should learn from your mistakes. When you mess up and apologize to someone, the most important thing they need to hear from you is that you understand why you’ve done the wrong thing. You need to know what you did wrong and how that came to be, or you’ll repeat your mistakes again and again.
The way we do this in business is by following a process. We note down which stage of the process we’re on so if and when something goes wrong, we know exactly what happened. It’s just same as how Linux systems print their activity to the screen when they’re booting up. If you get some kind of USB-related error message, you unplug the USB and try again. If it didn’t tell you, who knows what you’d do?
This is why we — the team at Process Street — work out loud. We have a Slack channel for every team, we have Trello boards for every business function, and we have processes for everything we do. Then, if it so happens that I send an email out to thousands of people that has a broken link in it, we know that what we need to do is to add ‘check for broken links’ to the pre-release checklist, and it’s as simple as that.
And that’s the thing… It’s as simple as adding precautions to the process. I’d bet NASA won’t be launching any satellites that disintegrate because of a unit conversion error again, and it’s because they register the problem, and even when the measurable result is ‘our satellite just turned into a bunch of space junk’, they were able to quantify the issue and build precautions into the process for next time. That’s what we all need to do.
In the next chapter of this business process management guide, I’m going to go through how to take stock of your existing processes, create a catalogue of process documents and get ready to optimize and create processes that will save you from disaster.
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The Mexico–Guatemala border has emerged as a geopolitical hotspot of illicit flows of both goods and people. Contraband Corridor seeks to understand the border from the perspective of its long-term inhabitants, including petty smugglers of corn, clothing, and coffee. Challenging assumptions regarding security, trade, and illegality, Rebecca Berke Galemba details how these residents engage in and justify extralegal practices in the context of heightened border security, restricted economic opportunities, and exclusionary trade policies. Rather than assuming that extralegal activities necessarily threaten the state and formal economy, Galemba's ethnography illustrates the complex ways that the formal, informal, legal, and illegal economies intertwine. Smuggling basic commodities across the border provides a means for borderland peasants to make a living while neoliberal economic policies decimate agricultural livelihoods. Yet smuggling also exacerbates prevailing inequalities, obstructs the possibility of more substantive political and economic change, and provides low-risk economic benefits to businesses, state agents, and other illicit actors, often at the expense of border residents.
Galemba argues that securitized neoliberalism values certain economic activities and actors while excluding and criminalizing others, even when the informal and illicit economy is increasingly one of the poor's only remaining options. Contraband Corridor contends that security, neoliberalism, and illegality are interdependent in complex ways, yet how they unfold depends on negotiations between diverse border actors.
About the author
Rebecca Berke Galemba is Assistant Professor at the Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver.
"Galemba has given us a rare glimpse into everyday life in the shadows along the Mexico–Guatemala border. Her grounded, 'bottom up' account draws much-needed attention to this too often overlooked border while carefully avoiding the alarmism and sensationalism found in popular depictions of cross-border smuggling."
—Peter Andreas, Brown University
"Contraband Corridor dares to humanize those involved with the trafficking of contraband. This unique ethnography offers an intimate approach to the lives of Mexico-Guatemala border inhabitants and their struggles to survive in neoliberal times. Galemba's landmark book helps readers understand a region where smuggling is conceived as free trade and borders are not walls that divide but pathways for encounters."
—R. Aída Hernández Castillo, author of Histories and Stories from Chiapas: Border Identities in Southern Mexico
"Taking a fascinating look at the middlemen, customs agents, and residents animating the shadowy world of border control, Contraband Corridor draws us into the Guatemala–Mexico frontier with riveting accounts of what matters to the inhabitants and why it matters, against a backdrop of rapidly shifting geopolitical considerations. Theoretically innovative and ethnographically rich, this powerful book shifts commonly held notions of what it means to sustain border life."
—Jennifer Burrell, University at Albany, SUNY
"Contraband Corridor is an outstanding contribution to the literature on informal economics in Latin America. Its ethnographic approach humanizes everyday smugglers, challenges the stereotype of the backward and ignorant peasant, and highlights powerful forms of local organization and governance. Taken together [Galemba's] work defies the commonly held notion of the margins as lawless, chaotic, and dangerous. Rather, borders are transgressed, commodities flow, and life goes on sometimes with the unwanted intervention of the state."
—James H. McDonald, New York Journal of Books
"Contraband Corridor provides an ethnographically rich glimpse into how border communities navigate transnational power dynamics....We recommend Contraband Corridor as insightful reading for scholars, students, and advocates interested in trade, labour, informal and illicit economies, border securitization, and the broader impact of state violence on marginalized communities in the global economy."
—Yvette Servin, Rosemary Giron, Diane Martinez, Yareli Pineda, and Katie Dingeman, Border Criminologies
"Contraband Corridor is an extremely well-written, carefully observed ethnography that provides a real feel for the life of a border region that President Trump has unfairly characterized as anarchic and scary. Her discussion of the ad hoc methods of border control developed by non-state actors, as well as the different strata of local smugglers, is fascinating."
—Howard Campbell, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice
"Contraband Corridor is a rich and thoughtful analysis of community dynamics on a part of the Mexico-Guatemala border....Galemba has written an excellent ethnography, rich in detail and content, historically contextualizing each of her arguments."
—Jorge Choy-Gómez, PoLAR
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I am passionate about embroidery and creating beautiful art pieces through this medium. I use punch needle embroidery to make all my pieces. Neo impressionism and pointillism greatly influence my work. I love making abstract representations of nature, architecture, arts, and traditional crafts. All materials I use are sustainably sourced and recycled.
If you see something you like and are interested in buying an art piece. Get in touch.
If you need to commission an art piece according to your specifications. Lets talk!
Butterflies are known for their beautiful patterns, which evolved over time for better survival of the species. Some butterflies have "eyes spot" patterns, to mimic the eyes of predators in nature, like owls and snakes to discourage birds and other predators from feeding on them. As the world population of butterflies declines drastically because of human intervention and agricultural intensification, at present rate they can be extinct soon.
As the humans have replaced all natural predators, and have become the soul reason behind their decline, the artist attempts to imagine new patterns for butterflies to discourage and scare this new predator ; Humans.
The artist studies butterflies and moulds their wing patterns into monster's faces, in her embroideries. The entire art project is an abstract representation of disintegrating butterfly wings with iconic monsters faces from popular culture and psyche. The idea being that the butterflies are trying to scare humans away by mimicking monsters faces in order to survive and be left alone.
A thing of beauty is a joy forever ?
Butterflies are nature's most beautiful and fragile creatures. With beautiful fluttering wings they have beguiled the human mind through out time. Now as their population declines globally, it is frightening to imagine that one day they might totally disappear. This decline is caused by intensive agriculture, climate change, and increase in the use of pesticides.
The artist attempts to recreate beautiful patterns from butterflies in her embroidery art. The art pieces represent, as butterflies disappear so will little bit colour from our world, which is shown by certain sections of the art pieces being devoid of colour, and in monochrome.
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With increased attention on the environmental agenda, worldsteel is looking at how remanufacturing activities impact the steel industry.
While remanufacturing will lead to some savings of steel used in certain products, it is also important to recognise that remanufacturing steel products is elementary given its longevity and durability, and that steel is also a key enabler of remanufacturing.
worldsteel is working with Oakdene Hollins, a circular economy consultancy, to develop a remanufacturing tracker, the Steel Remanufacturer Tracker, to track the development of remanufacturing activities in Europe and their impact on steel demand.
The tracker is currently available to members of the Remanufacturing Working Group via the worldsteel extranet (password-protected). We plan to make the tracker publicly available after the metrics are updated with the 2022 dataset.
The Tracker contains 12 metrics on remanufacturing activities and 3 metrics on the impact on steel, which have been developed based on the survey of the remanufacturers and experts in the field.
The Tracker covers domestic appliances; automotive, heavy-duty and off-road vehicles; machinery and rails. The dashboard of the Tracker also provides detailed guidelines on how it should be used.
Remanufacturing and steel metrics
- Efficiency of the remanufacturing process
- Average/Typical percentage mass of product retained during remanufacturing
- Cost of core acquisition
- Demand for remanufactured products
- Growth in remanufacturing operations
- Growth of OEM investment into remanufacturing
- Inclusion in public procurement policy
- National Targets for remanufacturing and/or reuse
- New entrants to remanufacturing
- Percentage of business from remanufacturing
- Remanufacturing profit margin
- Remanufacturing standard
- Expected product lifetime for remanufactured product
- Steel impact on manufacturability
- Trends in levels of steel retention
In 2021, worldsteel and Oakdene Hollins created the Remanufacturing Working Group (RWG), a platform for experts to discuss the development of remanufacturing activities in specific steel-using sectors.
worldsteel will help the RWG members to estimate the environmental benefits of their remanufacturing activities from a life cycle perspective.
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Effects of long-term ART initiated during primary HIV infection on reservoir size
Gareth Hardy, HIV i-Base
A study conducted by Maria Buzon and colleagues at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard University, sought to determine whether intiation of ART during primary HIV infection could limit the seeding of viral reservoirs.
The research group focused on a group of nine HIV positive people who had begun ART during primary HIV infection, defined as within 6 months of infection. A cohort of 26 people who had initiated ART during chronic infection were used as controls. Both groups had maintained uninterrupted ART for at least ten years. In addition, a cohort of 37 elite controllers who had maintained undetectable viral loads for eight years in the absence of ART were recruited as a reference population. In terms of age, sex, baseline viral load or CD4 counts, or the time to achieve undetectable viral load after ART initiation, there were no differences between the groups that started ART during primary or chronic infection. Despite this, increases in both CD4 T cell counts and the CD4/CD8 T cell ratio were more substantive in the group that initiated ART during primary infection.
Cross-sectional analysis of CD4 T cell HIV DNA levels was performed after ten years ART for the primary and chronic treatment initiation groups and eight years for elite controllers. As expected, elite controllers demonstrated significant reductions in all forms of HIV DNA compared with people who had initiated ART during chronic infection: total HIV DNA (p < 0.0001), 2-LTR HIV DNA (p = 0.015) and integrated HIV DNA (p < 0.0001). Of interest was the contrasting observation that levels of HIV DNA in subjects who initiated ART during primary infection were comparable to those of elite controllers and much lower than those of subjects who initiated ART during chronic infection.
Levels of replication-competent HIV were also determined in the ART-treated cohorts at this time using a previously described viral out-growth assay. Replication-competent HIV was recovered from 3/8 elite controllers, 5/8 people who initiated ART during primary infection, and 9/11 people who initiated ART during chronic infection. The estimated frequency of CD4 T cells bearing replication-competent HIV was significantly higher in people who had initiated ART during chronic infection, compared with elite controllers (p = 0.004). There was also a trend to a higher frequency of CD4 cells bearing replication-competent HIV in people who initiated ART during chronic HIV infection, compared with those that initiated ART during primary infection (p = 0.052).
The researchers then assessed the decay kinetics of the different forms of HIV DNA in CD4 T cells of the different treatment-initiation groups. Comparing HIV DNA levels at year ten of ART with treatment baseline at year zero, subjects who initiated ART during primary infection experienced a mean log10 decay per year of 0.13+/-0.01 (p < 0.00001) in total HIV DNA. The mean log10 decay rate of 2-LTR circles was 0.32+/- 0.03 per year (p < 0.00001) and the mean log10 decay rate of integrated HIV DNA 0.07 +/- 0.01 per year (p < 0.00001).
These decay rates were accelerated in a sub-set of 3 people who initiated ART prior to seroconversion, for all three HIV DNA forms. In contrast, the decay rates of 2-LTR and total HIV DNA in CD4 T cells of subjects who initiated ART during chronic HIV infection were slower. Furthermore, the levels of integrated HIV DNA were not significantly different at year ten compared with year zero for people who initiated ART during chronic HIV infection. In all cases, declines in HIV DNA occurred mostly within the first four years of ART. The authors state that their data suggest the decay kinetics of multiple forms of HIV DNA are faster in people who initiate ART during the earliest stages of infection. As a result, rapid initiation of ART could accelerate the decline of the HIV reservoir in CD4 T cells.
As the HIV reservoir is known to persist to different degrees in specific maturational subsets of CD4 T cells, the researchers next assessed the frequency of total HIV DNA in each maturational subset: naive; central memory; effector memory; terminally differentiated memory; and central memory stem T cells. Levels of total HIV DNA were generally lower in all T cell subsets of subjects who initiated ART during primary infection in comparison to those who initiated ART during chronic infection. However, these reduced levels were only significant for effector memory (p = 0.03) and terminally differentiated memory CD4 T cells (p = 0.004). In analysis of the contribution of CD4 T cell subsets to the total reservoir size, effector memory and terminally differentiated CD4 T cells made a greater contribution to the reservoir in subjects who initiated ART during chronic infection than subjects who initiated ART during primary infection. In contrast, the contribution of the less matured, longer-lived T cell subsets, central memory and central memory stem cells, was greater in people who initiated ART during primary infection than in people who initiated ART during chronic infection. Therefore, while initiation of ART early in HIV infection results in a smaller reservoir size, it includes a greater relative proportion of HIV DNA in less matured, longer living central memory and memory stem T cells.
In conclusion, initiation of ART during primary HIV infection seemed to accelerate viral decay and cause a reduced frequency of infected cells. Despite this, central memory and memory stem T cells made a larger relative contribution to the reservoir in subjects who initiated ART in primary infection, compared with during chronic infection. This suggests that seeding of central memory and memory stem T cells occurs within the first six month of infection, during which these people initiated ART and that they “may represent the population of extremely long-lasting and treatment-refractory component of the viral reservoir that were previously hypothesised” .
- Buzon M et al. Long-term antiretroviral treatment initiated in primary HIV-1 infection affects the size, composition and decay kinetics of the reservoir of HIV-1 infected CD4 T cells. J. Virol (2014).
- Archin N M et al. Immediate antiviral therapy appears to restrict resting CD4+ cell HIV-1 infection without accelerating the decay of latent infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2012).
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Our memory greatly effects the relationships that we have throughout our lives. Memory loss is not inevitable. Here are some terrific tips to help you increase your brain function and strengthen your overall memory.
One great way to remember things is to develop mnemonic devices for them. Mnemonic devices aid the memory in a fashion similar to how shorthand helps writers. Correlate a word or a short phrase with something that you want to remember. This makes it easier to retrieve when you want to recall it later.
Focus on anything or anyone you really want to remember. While you may think you are paying attention, your mind may be wandering and not absorbing information efficiently. Focus your mind on the information at hand and clear other thoughts frequently. Think about the subject of your focus and solidify the memory.
You should write sticky notes if you are having a difficult time remembering things. Place them in spots you frequently look at, like by your cell phone or computer. These sticky notes can jog your memory.
To keep your memory at its best, purge negative and unpleasant thoughts from your mind. Researchers have shown that those plagued by negativity or who have a great deal of stress in their lives have lower memory function than those who do not share those afflictions. Your doctor can be a great resource for methods of relieving stress.
Being socially active is good for your memory. Social activity keeps your mind alert, and improves your outlook on life. When you feel depressed or lonely, your mind lacks stimulation and brain cells become dormant. If you have regular conservations with people you know, your mind will be engaged and you will remember things better.
Try to relate new information you need to remember to information you already know. Creating a relationship between the two things makes it much easier for your brain to store information and recall it later. If you relate information, it will help you remember things in a more timely fashion.
A great tip that can help you improve your memory is to start exercising regularly. Even a small amount of daily exercise can be very helpful.
Teaching others goes a long way in helping improve your memory. For instance, if you have trouble recalling a story about swimming with your grandchild, try telling more people about it. That will reinforce it in your mind, and make it harder to forget.
Even after you are through with school, it is still essential to continue learning as much new information as you can. When you stop acquiring new knowledge, you stop utilizing the part of your brain that aids in memory. If that portion of your brain has not been exercised regularly, it will be difficult to remember things.
Get your recommended amount of sleep. Research has demonstrated that the amount of sleep you get is one factor that impacts memory. When you’re unable to concentrate, it’ll be hard for your mind to transfer the events of the present into your long-term memory.
To supplement memory, try rehearsing or relating the material you wish to remember with what you already know. If you link short-term memory facts with knowledge you have already acquired, you can speed the process of transforming short-term memories into long-term ones.
Eating food that enhances brain function can help you remember what you need to. Healthy fats are essential for the health of your brain. Avoid trans fats, and instead focus on sources of healthy fats such as fish, nuts, and flax seed and olive oils.
Classical music has been known to help with memory improvement. Soothing music can help relax your body and mind, and it can also improve your memory. A great time to use this kind of music is during relaxing baths, with scented candles burning on the side.
If you have a hard time remembering peoples’ names when you first meet them, associate them with a person you already know that has the same name. You can also make the mental association with someone famous. This link will help to bring up the identity of the new person when it is needed.
You need to focus entirely on the subject matter when studying. Information that is learned must be transferred to long-term memory if it is to be recalled for more than a few seconds. You will have a difficult time committing information to memory if you do not focus exclusively on learning it.
Many of life’s little memory glitches often seem funny initially. Forgetting someone’s birthday can lead to a funny tale, but when your ability to remember really begins to suffer, it’s no laughing matter. This could be the precursor to more serious memory issues. Use the advice provided here to protect your vital memories.
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Why Islamorada Matters
Islamorada is nestled in the center of the Florida Keys chain of islands, between Mile Marker 90.0 and Mile Marker 72.6 on U.S. Highway 1. At its widest point, it is no more than one-mile wide with an average elevation of only five feet above sea level, making it particularly vulnerable to more frequent flood events caused by rising sea levels, exacerbated high tides, extreme rain events, and stronger and more frequent hurricanes.
Islamorada is home to just over 6,000 permanent residents on its five inhabited islands —Plantation Key, Windley Key, Upper Matecumbe Key, Lower Matecumbe Key, and Tea Table Key. Many threatened and endangered plant and animal species can be found on these islands. In addition to the populated islands within Islamorada’s waters, there are also several smaller, uninhabited islands adjacent to Islamorada that are rich in history and important natural habitats.
Rare Natural and Historical Resources
The Florida Keys are protected from the rough waters of the Atlantic Ocean by the third largest barrier reef in the world, and the only living coral reef in the continental United States. The waters surrounding the Village consist of tidal wetlands, mangrove forests and seagrass habitat, all of which are unique ecosystems that provide food, shelter and nursery grounds to a multitude of fish, crustaceans, marine mammals, reptiles and bird species. A vast majority of the saltwater species found in North America are found in the waters surrounding the Florida Keys.
Archeological evidence shows that Native Indian populations inhabited the islands as far back as two to three thousand years ago. The first historical records of the area date back to 1513 when Ponce de Leon passed through the Florida Keys. Early settlers came from the Bahamas and New England, ultimately building ships and shipping pineapples, sponges and plundered shipwreck loot to northern markets. Larger population growth did not occur in the Florida Keys until the 1900s when Henry Flagler built a railroad from mainland Florida to Key West, which opened in 1912.
Governance and Budget
In 1975, Florida recognized the unique environmental sensitivity and mounting development pressures of the region and designated the Florida Keys (Monroe County and its municipalities) and Key West as an Area of Critical State Concern (ACSC), one of only four areas in the state. By restricting new development, both residential and commercial, it ensures the protection of the natural environment and allows for orderly and balanced growth.
Islamorada incorporated as a municipality on December 31, 1997. Under the Council-Manager form of government, the Islamorada Village Council has the independent power to enact local legislation, adopt budgets, determine policies and appoint officers and officials.
Built and Natural Environment
Islamorada, known by many as the sportfishing capital of the world, is home to perhaps the world’s highest density of professional offshore charter boats, serving as the premiere location for backcountry sportfishing and saltwater fly fishing. The waters surrounding the entire length of the Florida Keys (including Islamorada) are designated as Outstanding Florida Waters. This designation means that these waters are specially protected because of their natural attributes.
Additionally, Islamorada has many parks and open space, including Windley Key Fossil Reef Geologic State Park, six Village parks and four Village beaches.
For Islamorada, public involvement and intergovernmental coordination efforts play a significant role in forming policy and long-range visioning.
Read more about why Islamorada Matters, click here
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Words nearby scalloper
How to use scalloper in a sentence
Previous to this year, permits were required from every scalloper.
The scalloper, wading on the flats at low tide, gathers the scallops by shoving the "pusher" among the eel grass.
Shellfish permits costing $2 are required of every scalloper.
Every scalloper is required to have a permit, the boatmen paying $2, the skiff scallopers $1, respectively.
For the two seasons previous to 1907-08 every scalloper was required to have a license.
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What was the outcome of the Philippines campaign?
Philippines campaign (1944–1945)
|Date||20 October 1944 – 15 August 1945|
|Territorial changes||Liberation of the Philippines from Japan End of the Second Philippine Republic Restoration of the Commonwealth of the Philippines|
Why did Japan want the Philippines?
The objective of the strikes at Pearl Harbor and the Philippines was to shield Japan’s drive southward to seize the oil and natural resources of Southeast Asia and the Dutch East Indies. The strategy was to clear the US forces in the Philippines out of the way. Key targets were the fighter bases.
Who was the president of the Philippines under the Japanese sponsored Republic?
Justice Jose P. Laurel
Former Supreme Court Justice Jose P. Laurel takes his oath of office as the 3rd president of the Philippines and 1st president of the Japanese-sponsored Second Philippine Republic.
What 3 battles were fought in the Philippines?
The U.S. Army’s Invasion of Lingayen Gulf (January ’45) Battle of Samar. The U.S. Army’s and Philippine Army’s Battle of Luzon. The Battle of Corregidor (1945) on Corregidor Island in Manila Bay.
Who won the battle of Philippines?
Battle of the Philippine Sea, (June 19–20, 1944), naval battle of World War II between the Japanese Combined Fleet and the U.S. Fifth Fleet. Known as “the greatest carrier battle of the war,” it accompanied the U.S. landing on Saipan and ended in a complete U.S. victory.
Did General MacArthur ever return Philippines?
On October 20, 1944, a few hours after his troops landed, MacArthur waded ashore onto the Philippine island of Leyte. That day, he made a radio broadcast in which he declared, “People of the Philippines, I have returned!” In January 1945, his forces invaded the main Philippine island of Luzon.
Are Philippines and Japan friends?
Our strategic partnership is founded on shared universal values such as freedom, democracy, and the rule of law, and has entered its “golden age. ” In the fight against COVID-19, Japan and the Philippines work together and support each other to overcome this hardship.
Is Manuel L Quezon a Filipino?
Manuel Quezon, in full Manuel Luis Quezon y Molina, (born August 19, 1878, Baler, Philippines—died August 1, 1944, Saranac Lake, New York, U.S.), Filipino statesman, leader of the independence movement, and first president of the Philippine Commonwealth established under U.S. tutelage in 1935.
Where is Manuel L Quezon University located?
The Manuel L. Quezon University (MLQU) is a private university in Quezon City, Philippines. It offers academic programs at the pre-school, elementary, high school, tertiary, and graduate levels.
What are the best books about Manuel Quezon?
Eagle of the Philippines: President Manuel Quezon. New York: J. Messner, 1970. Manuel L. Quezon: His Life and Career; A Philippine President Biography. Manila: University Publishing Company, 1948.
What is the contribution of Major Manuel Quezon in the Philippines?
Maj. Manuel Luis Quezon served under General Emilio Aguinaldo as an aide-de-camp. In 1899, Quezon left his law studies at the University of Santo Tomas to join the independence movement. During the Philippine–American War he was an aide-de-camp to Emilio Aguinaldo. He rose to the rank of Major and fought in the Bataan sector.
Where is the School of Information Technology located at Quezon University?
The School of Information Technology is the latest addition to the university community. The Manuel L. Quezon University has two campuses, namely, the Monzon Hall, located at 916 R. Hidalgo Street, Quiapo and the Arlegui Compound at Arlegui St. where the Basic Education Department is located.
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Padhu was chosen by the for his professional success in the field of mathematics, along with his work nurturing and inspiring young minds through service, mentorship and outreach. He will be honored March 30 at the Nysmith School in Herndon, Virginia, where the symposium takes place.
Later this year, Seshaiyer will receive an honorary doctorate from the Vrije Universiteit Brussel for his outstanding contributions to scientific excellence and social impact.
This year’s K-12 STEM Symposium: The Power of Curiosity, presented by Riverside Research, will feature over 40 interactive exhibits, including a crystal demonstration and laser light diffraction; an Open Innovation Center, Raspberry Pi-powered Pi-cameras, flight simulators, and rocket launches. The United States Geospatial Intelligence Foundation will also provide a build-your-own-satellite activity as well as an imagery analysis station.
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Led by the pigs, the Animals on Mr Jones's farm revolt against their human masters. After their victory they decide to run the farm themselves on egalitarian principles. Inspired by the example of Boxer, the hard-working horse, the cooperation prosper. The pigs become corrupted by power and a new tyranny is established under Napoleon. ‘All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.’ Snowball, an idealist, is driven out. The final betrayal is made when the pigs try to reconcile their relationship with Mr. Jones.
10 years earlier 10 years later 80s 90s action Adaptation adventure aliens Animated Animation Based on Animated Series based on book based on comic based on comic book based on tv series Based on video game batman biopic Black Comedy Book character by name title christmas comedy comic adaptation comic book crime crime fighting superhero Crossover DC DC Comics Disney drama epic family fantasy Game History horror Idea-for-TV kids Live Action live-action martial arts Marvel Marvel Comics Music Musical mystery reboot remake romance Sci Fi sci-fi science fiction scifi Sequel Spy Superhero supervillain suspense teens thriller time travel videogame adaptation war western
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We are backing up a little today to get into something important as we study God’s dealings with mankind.
This chapter alludes to the origins of Satan. At one time, he was Lucifer, the angel closest to God in heaven. He was called “Star of the heaven” and “Son of the dawn.”
Later (in Ezekiel), we will read that he was beautiful and gifted. In fact, it was his great beauty and talent that led him to fall. Pride entered in, and it was all over for him.
In verses 13-14, Lucifer says in his heart that he is going to ascend to the heights and be like the Most High. He thinks that he can overthrow God.,but he is going to be thrown down to the Sheol, the recesses of the pit.
So the beautiful Lucifer becomes the lowest of the low. Eventually he will be cast into hell forever.
One day men will look on him and say, “Is this the one who made the whole earth tremble? Who shook kingdoms?” (V.16)
He’s crafty. He wants to trick us into rebelling against God along with him, and he does it by tempting us with pride. When under the influence of the devil, God’s creation can put themselves up to be God. They can exalt themselves, thinking that all of the keys to life reside within themselves.
From the fall of Adam to Jesus, man had no power over the devil. He can’t be seen, so men didn’t know who their enemy was. They thought that their ideas were their own – whether it included hate, murder, sexual perversion, or pursuit of drugs and alcohol. They didn’t realize that their enemy was trying to woo them down the wrong path.
In the meantime, Satan was out to destroy mankind.
But God had a plan. He would initiate a covenant with a man who would be true to him – the best that he could. (Abraham). Through that man He would bring forth a Son to die for the sinful nature of the world, and then men could be empowered back to their original state.
They would have wisdom and discernment. They would understand the ways of God, and they would commit to His will in the earth.
So you can see where we are now. Some day we will look on Satan and be shocked that this is the one who troubled the whole earth. He will not look beautiful and gifted as he once was; instead he will look shriveled and inept. In the meantime, we need to know who our enemy is – trying to get us into pride.
But we will resist him, and he will have to flee. In fact, the gates of hell will not prevail against us plundering his territory and helping others to escape.
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The Ministry of National Education has implemented the “10,000 Schools in Basic Education Project” with all the necessary preparations to reduce success and equal opportunity between schools and strengthen equal opportunity in education. Within the scope of the project, we aim to open 3,000 kindergartens and 40,000 nurseries within a year. On the other hand, a lot of support will be provided from the infrastructure development of the selected primary school to the enhancement of the educational environment.
The project evaluation meeting was fully prepared and was chaired today by Minister of Education Mahmut Uther. The deputy minister of the Ministry of Education, the general manager, the minister’s adviser, and the director of the national education bureau of 81 states attended the meeting.
2,133 kindergarten plans completed and 7,500 new kindergarten classes opened
By the end of 2022, 3,000 new kindergarten and 40,000 new nursery classes are planned to open to increase access to preschool education, which is the most important part of the project. In this connection, 93 new kindergartens were enrolled. 216 new kindergarten bids have been completed. The investment program included 2,148 new kindergartens. In addition, 7,500 new kindergarten classes have been opened and education has begun. A total of 65 million lira was used, of which 15 million lira was used for repairs and 50 million lira was used for classroom equipment and teaching materials. As a result of these investments, the school enrollment rate, which was 78% in the 5-year-old group, rose to 90% in a short period of time.
7,000 elementary schools include improvements
3000 new kindergartens were built within the scope of the project, but 7,000 primary schools were included in the scope of improvement. The need for small and large-scale repairs in 7,000 primary schools was evaluated. As a first step, within the infrastructure needs of 7,000 elementary schools, the decision to set up computer labs in 1000 elementary schools, general gardening in 2,000 930 elementary schools, 2,000 932 toilets and sinks. Repair elementary school, repairing doors and windows of 2,919 elementary schools, responding to the needs of painting inside and outside.
In addition, 1,764 elementary school heating system updates, 2,376 primary school electrical installation repairs, 2,782 primary school teacher room refurbishment, science, mathematics, and social research teaching material sets sent to 3,000 50 elementary schools, books sent. A set of 1,000 books in a library of 7,000 elementary schools. It was decided to set up music workshops in 601 elementary schools to meet the needs of 2,320 elementary school sporting goods.
Development support for students, teachers and school administrators
A support training program has been prepared to improve the basic skills of all primary school students included in the project. We also conducted first aid awareness training and psychosocial development support training for students. Research has begun to support student participation in cultural, artistic and sporting activities.
Meanwhile, professional and personal development training has been provided for all managers and teachers in 7,000 primary schools. Training for managers and teachers has begun to raise awareness of the project and inform them.
When evaluating the project, Minister of Education Mahmut Uther said:
“The 10,000 schools in the Basic Education Project aim to increase access to preschool education on the one hand and reduce the gap between primary schools to enhance equal opportunity in education on the other hand. We started the project in March, making great progress much faster than planned, especially in terms of increasing access to preschool education, and development for students, teachers and school managers. We have completed the planning of the support program, strengthened the educational infrastructure of the selected 7,000 primary schools, and enriched the educational environment. From now on, this part of the project will be put into practice. And a detailed evaluation of the work to be done in March with a friend. Hopefully the project will be completed by the end of December. A colleague, 81, who put a lot of effort into realizing the project. We thank state board members, school managers, teachers, and all interested parties. “
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curved ones are better for shooting high!
Yes, you should use curved hockey stick as it makes passing, shooting, and stick handling better. There are two types of curves(right and left) and you should chose the stick which corresponds with the way you shoot. If this is your first hockey stick and you don't know which way you shoot yet, then a stick with a non-curved blade will do short-term.
Hockey is a game played with a stick curved at one end.
someone found a curved stick in their backyard and then when they hit a rock they thought it was cool and called it hockey
You use the flat side of the stick. In a game, if you use the curved side a foul will be awarded against you.
No, it has a very slight curve to it.
Bobby Hull and Stan Mikita. wiith a chinese helper
Yes. The blade (the ends that goes towards the ice) is curved to either towards the left or the right, depending on how the player prefers to hold the stick.
A hockey stick comprises two parts (even if all one piece) A 'Head' and a 'Handle'. The stick head is curved while the handle is straight. Stickhead is also a brand of sports gear (again, mostly for hockey practice and games.) Whether or not stickhead is a colloquial English word, I have been unable to find out. Hope this helps!
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Over the last century, our society has grown too fast for our mental capabilities. Humans are not used to working conditions and the lifestyle we have today. We consume way too much information on a daily basis and we interact with far more people than we used to before. Just to be clear, there is nothing wrong with new information or having more people in your life.
The problem is the pace that we got here and how we are not taught how to handle these situations yet. The result of that is stress which leads to feeling tense and not well rested to handle this modern routine that most people have. To keep your mental and physical health at proper levels, you need to learn how to relax and how to rest properly.
1. Using legal medication
The stress can sometimes just be too much and it is absolutely normal to feel overwhelmed by the world you live in. Consulting with a professional about getting some legal medication, which can include cannabis if it is legal in your country, is a very good way to get some rest. If you are skeptical about such medication, especially cannabis as it is very new, it is not hard to find a website that will tell you all you need to know about it before you try it. Of course, it can be hard to trust the information on the internet, but it is also very easy to know if the page is legit.
2. Taking a short break
Sometimes you just need to get away from daily life and be alone to truly get the peace you need. It is very hard to keep and not healthy at all to just keep everything bottled up inside yourself while pretending that everything is fine. You need and deserve to have yourself some me-time where you will not be bothered by other people.
3. Being with your thoughts
Sometimes when you are feeling overworked and want to relax, it is best that you turn to your own thoughts. Ask yourself how are you feeling and what would you want to do right now. You do not even need to think about that, you can just rest in silence with your phone turned off. It is just important to isolate yourself from the surroundings and you will find some peace within.
4. Talking to a therapist
If you find yourself in a worse state when you are with your thoughts it is better to find a professional to talk about that. A professional therapist will help you, over time not immediately, to relax. You will work through your thoughts and emotion and thus will be able to get some better rest when that is taken care of. There is nothing shameful in consulting with a therapist, everyone needs one in this day and age.
5. Chilling with your friends and family
When you just want to relax and not think about other problems, that is when you hit up a friend or family member to chill. Real friends and family will understand the situation you are in and want to help. The help that they should offer is some time to chill with you without needing to explain yourself about anything. You know that they are a true friend or family if just their presence is enough to soothe your nerves.
6. Staying physically healthy
You can be mentally perfectly fine but if your physical health is deteriorating that is no good. Sometimes all you need is a small workout to get yourself a bit more tired so you can fall asleep more quickly. Other times, you may need to change your diet a bit to fulfill your nutritional needs. Do not be fooled by some supplements that will guarantee you to feel great after taking them. You can get all the vitamins and what your body needs through a good diet and professional consultation.
Human progress is always a good thing that we should strive to achieve. The only thing that should change about that is the pace at which we achieve such progress. Scientific breakthroughs and new art pieces are always welcome, but we should watch out not to lose ourselves while getting such things.
The only way to achieve this is through knowing how to step back a little and relax. We will not be able to achieve anything new if we are not rested enough and exhausted from overworking. It is not that hard to get this peace that everyone needs and deserves to have in life. These are just some of the tips you can take to get yourself in a more rested and relaxed shape.
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In this class, I’ll be teaching you how to use Adobe Fresco to create a Mixed Media Graphic Art Illustration.
I’ll show you how to use live oil brushes to create the background and add tons of texture with the pixel brushes. Then using a photo reference I’ll show you how to draw a silhouette and then how to embellish the illustration using art, brushes, clip art, text, handwritten text, and how to bring it all together using Fresco’s layer modes.
- Lesson 1 – Background
- Lesson 2 – Silhouette
- Lesson 3 – Background Texture
- Lesson 4 – Layer Mask
- Lesson 5 – Hair
- Lesson 6 – Clothes
- Lesson 7 – Ephemera
- Lesson 8 – Font Text
- Lesson 9 – Handwritten Text
For this class you’ll need:
- iPad Pro
- Apple Pencil
- Adobe Fresco App
(I’m using the 12.9 iPad Pro)
“This class is amazing, this is the second class of Heidi I have taken. I learned so much, her class is easy to follow and she encourages you to experiment and play with colors, techniques, layers, and brushes. I am so happy with my final illustration.”
Adobe Fresco Mixed Media Graphic Art Class – available here or on Skillshare (for Skillshare follow link below).
Adobe Fresco Mixed Media Graphic Art Class
Class teaching how to use Adobe Fresco to create a Mixed Media Graphic Art Illustration
Once you register and pay, (within 24 hours) you’ll receive an email confirmation with class information and login password.
IMPORTANT – You’ll have unlimited access to this class. You will be able to access this class at any time and you’ll be able to work at your own pace.
- Class will be held on a private blog that only registered student can access.
- All class videos and information is ready to access immediately.
- No refunds unless there are special circumstances.
Also offered on Skillshare
This class is also offered on Skillshare. Skillshare is an online learning community. When you join and become a premium member on Skillshare, you get instant access to thousands of classes…Including ALL of Mine!! You have access to all classes as long as you’re a premium member!
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Are twitchsdk_32_release.dll errors causing problems on your Windows PC or are they missing? If you have tried everything to fix the DLL problem, including closing the application and opening it again, restarting the PC, and nothing worked, you have come to the right place.
First, we need to identify the problem and figure out the reason for it. The specific error message could be helpful.
The twitchsdk_32_release.dll Windows DLL module can be shared or used by many applications.twitchsdk_32_release.dll - This module is essential for all the applications that depend upon this file.You may get error messages such below if the file is missing, corrupted or outdated.
You can fix twitchsdk_32_release.dll errors if it is not found on your system.If an application needs twitchsdk_32_release.dll it will check its directory and the system folder to load the file.A file missing or corrupted may cause an error and your application may not be able to function properly.There are several solutions you can try.
It is simple to download and install the twitchsdk_32_release.dll missing file.Instead of asking for professional advice at the service center, fix your system yourself and get rid of all DLL errors.twitchsdk_32_release.dll is available for free download.
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Ed (name anonymised), a 24 year old male, was referred to counselling by his ASO, as he had faced much turmoil having escaped a dangerous situation back in his home country and now facing deportation back to the very place that threatened his life. Ed identifies as gay and his family was unable to accept this, due to their religious beliefs and the beliefs of what Ed referred to as a ‘backward country’, where homosexuality was frowned upon. Thus, there was a threat of honour based violence and with the help of his mother Ed had to flee his family and country.
Ed has also had to hide his true identity of being gay from everyone, due to fear and the trauma of unacceptance and judgment, which is overwhelming and frightening. The loss of his true self and the burden of having to be someone else is exhausting.
Through counselling sessions Ed explored these feelings of loss and of being alone and the anxiety of not knowing his fate and the powerlessness that this evoked felt too much for Ed to bear. Ed was essentially waiting for others to decide his fate, ‘it’s too much thinking about if I get deported, I don't want to go back, I’ve got nothing, it’s the end for me, I’d rather die’. Ed was often overcome with emotion and would share how until now, he had not spoken to anyone about how he felt.
There was a reoccurring theme with Ed of feeling unsafe in the present, unsafe in the future, unsafe at home, where he so often felt trapped, ‘I don't know what to do, where to go, I’m tired of feeling like this…’. Ed shared his sorrow at not being able to contact his mother, who he missed terribly and who was the only person who had supported him, ‘everything is out of my control, I can’t even call my mum to tell her I’m ok, I want to end it all’.
It was apparent that Ed did have some suicidal ideation and we explored this together as the sessions went on. Ed would often talk about how he felt that this life is not meant for him, the constant judgement, hiding his true self, the struggle and conflict this causes in how he perceives himself and how others perceive him, the confusion that builds as a result, was all too much for Ed. By asking Ed how he felt about his own life and what aspects he felt were worth living, enabled him to explore his future and reasons he felt he had to live for. He needed reassurance that he had every right to live the life he wanted and he had to fight to do that up until now, which had come at an enormous personal cost, but it was about his survival.
The realisation that the sacrifices Ed had made were not in vain, encouraged him to explore his future and for the first time talk about what he might want from it. He was now actively trying to manage his situation and even found voluntary work, which he recognised would help him in future.
Ed had regained some power over his life that had felt so unstable. He felt in better spirits and spoke about how for the first time in a long time he feels like he has got a purpose, something worthwhile, which was giving him new meaning. The healthy distraction that his voluntary work was providing alongside the counselling sessions had helped Ed feel more balanced and more confident in himself for doing something productive and using his time effectively, ‘I feel like I’m not just wasting my time, I’m doing things to keep busy, I’m actually enjoying myself’.
Ed expressed his gratitude to counselling and the ability to really make use of this space to gain perspective and to self reflect and make positive changes to his life. Although, he is unsure of his future, he knows he is able to survive much turmoil and feels inner strength, due to the depth of exploration within the therapeutic space, ‘I feel like you helped me with where I am now. I trust you with so much, I tell you things I didn’t think I could ever tell anyone and it’s helped me to see things differently’.
Ed’s ASO had also shared with me how he felt counselling had benefited Ed and he has seen a positive change and a new determination in Ed.
Building a strong therapeutic alliance with Ed was essential in supporting him without the judgement or fear that he had faced for so long. My work with Ed is a strong reminder of how it is often the counselling relationship that heals. It reminds clients of the hope that has always been within them, that needed a gentle nudge to resurface. In the words of Emily Dickinson (1924),
Hope is the thing with feathers,
That perches in the soul,
And sings the tune without the words,
And never stops - at all.
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FPU one of three institutions to sponsor Omsk event
By Aileen Friesen
Distributed by Meetinghouse, an association of Mennonite editors in Canada and the U.S.
New scholarship on the history and culture of Mennonite in Siberia was the focus of an international conference held
June 2-4 in Omsk, Russia. This event built on the tradition of international scholarly exchange on Mennonite history established by Dr. Harvey Dyck through conferences held in Chortitza, Ukraine in 1999 and in Molotchna, Ukraine in 2004. The 2010 conference was co-sponsored by F.M Dostoevsky Omsk State University, represented by Dr.Tatiana Smirnova; the University of Winnipeg, represented by Dr. Royden Loewen; and Fresno Pacific University, represented by Dr. Paul Toews.
In the last several years, there has been a renewed interest in the Mennonite Siberian story. In 2002, Marina and Walter Unger, Paul Toews and Olga Shmakina established a relationship with Dr. Andrei Savin of the Russian Academy of Sciences with the result being two books of document collections, with a third still to be published, related to Mennonites in Siberia. These types of initiatives reflect a deep interest in the Mennonite community to explore the neglected history of the Mennonites who settled this vast region both voluntarily and involuntarily.
Dr. Peter Penner, currently residing in Calgary and who was born in Siberia, played an inspirational role in pushing forward the agenda of holding a conference in Siberia. Like the previous conferences in Chortitza and Molotchna, conference organizers aimed to bring together scholars from diverse linguistic, methodological and cultural backgrounds. This type of international event allows for the cross fertilization of ideas about the Mennonite story in Siberia.
Participants from Russia, Canada, the United States, Germany and Kazakhstan presented papers which illustrated various aspects of Mennonite religious, familial, social and political experiences in Imperial Russia, the Soviet Union and current-day Russia. Presentations on Mennonite settlement in Siberia during the late 19th and early 20th centuries challenged the dominant image of Siberia as a place of exile and suffering.
These papers demonstrated that the first Mennonite settlers, such as Peter J. Wiens, arrived in Siberia with great hopes—for themselves, their families and their communities. These papers also showed the commonalities between Mennonite settler life in Siberia and in other parts of the world. Weather, land, gender roles, families and faith shaped how Mennonites envisioned and experienced Siberia, which parallels Mennonite resettlement in places such as the Canadian prairies. These similarities encourage a comparative approach to foster an understanding of Mennonite migration in a global context.
The majority of the conference presentations addressed the experiences of Mennonites during the Soviet period. A number of Russian scholars, such as Andrei Savin and Alexei Gorbatov, utilized archival sources from the Soviet secret police, the NKVD, to uncover the treatment and the responses of Mennonites to the state's repressive policies. Gorbatov spoke about how Mennonite took on leadership roles in interconfessional organizations, which brought them to the attention of Soviet authorities. Repression followed, and Mennonites lost their homes, employment and freedom.
Scholars from the former Soviet territories have advanced researcher’s knowledge of archival sources, which in some cases are the only remaining record of events and people targeted by the Soviet regime. Unfortunately, due to changes in the political climate in Russia, some archival files that previously were available are now no longer accessible to scholars working in the archives. At the conference, a resolution was proposed to protest against this trend. Fortunately, the publication of document collections from Russian archives in recent years has ensured that at least some of these documents are now a part of the public record.
Many presentations focused on how Mennonites as individuals and as communities experienced life under the Soviet regime. The atmosphere of repression and uncertainty influenced the relationship between Mennonites, Baptists and evangelicals in Siberia. Dr. Iraida Nam described how the loss of religious leaders during the Stalinist repression created religious bonds and cooperation between different religious groups. In the case of the Tomsk region, the release of Mennonite ministers from prison after Stalin's death briefly revitalized Mennonite identity, until the start of Khrushchev's anti-religious campaign saw the exile of their leaders once again.
Participants in the conference had the opportunity to view many of the themes presented firsthand, as the cultural program of the conference included a visit to a number of Mennonite communities west of Omsk. Rev. N.M Dikman gave an emotional account of the persecution he experienced for his religioius beliefs, in which he called the gulag “his Bible study.”
Religious leaders such as Dikman confirmed that the persecution of religious communities lasted into the 1980s, with many leaders being arrested numerous times throughout their lives. In spite of this persecution, Mennonite religious and cultural life survives in Siberia. In villages such as Apollonovka, children still speak plattdeutsch to their playmates. Participants also witnessed the wonderful musicality in Mennonite religious services.
While not all Mennonites experienced and responded to the Soviet regime in the same way, the interest of scholars from the former Soviet Union in Mennonites as a ethno-confessional community confirms the historical significance of this story to a wider audience. It also confirms the importance of building bridges between scholars from different countries and extending these bridges to the communities that these scholars try to understand and describe.
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The Unmasked Ball
After the service I stood with my aunts and cousin on the church lawn. I was so excited and flustered that I couldn't think of anything to say. I kept stopping friends who passed by to introduce them. "These are my aunts and my cousin," I repeated again and again, as if in explaining how we were related they would come to feel less like strangers.
As I struggled to accept the loss of my father, I couldn't stop thinking about these other losses: the family I wasn't allowed to know, the history I never learned, the culture I had no part of. My father wanted his kids to be white to protect them, but my identity was staked on false information. The wealthy world I grew up in was almost exclusively white, with country clubs, polo matches, and debutante balls. I had no African-American schoolmates until high school, and then only three, with none in my immediate class. I didn't know anyone black well enough to call a friend. I wondered now who and what I was supposed to be.
I started to question things about my father I hadn't ever thought to doubt: Had I known him as well as I thought I did? Had he led a successful life? Was he a fraud?
I had just lost him and now I was losing him all over again. Ironically, the only way I could think to get him back was to try to understand the world he had left behind. But given my upbringing, could I ever be anything but an outsider there?
I headed to the library, where I read book after book about racial identity, the history of race mixing and passing. I traveled down to New Orleans and traced the genealogy of the family to the first settler, Etienne Broyard, a white man who arrived from France in the 1750s. I chronicled the unions across color lines that produced my father and his Creole cousins. I began to visit with my newfound aunts. Sadly, Lorraine passed away not long after my father. Whenever I was in New York, I would see Shirley, who was always warm and welcoming. But reversing a painful separation and a lifetime of no contact can be a slow process. I began to seek out other Broyards as well.
I found some relatives through a message board at a genealogy Web site. Others got in touch with me after reading a long, involved New Yorker article by Henry Louis Gates Jr., head of Afro-American studies at Harvard, revealing the story of my father's racial identity. The piece made me feel even more pressed to absorb what the news meant to me. I went out to Los Angeles, where I met a dozen relatives and learned about other branches of the family tree in which decades earlier a parent or grandparent had crossed into the white world and disappeared.
During the years of Jim Crow, many of my relatives who could pass for white did so—to get a better job, to send their kids to a better school, to go to the nicer, "whites only" beaches. Most of them came home at night and became black again, but some, like my dad, moved permanently to the other side of the color line. One of the Broyard descendants, Gloria, a lively woman in her early forties who grew up in Long Beach, California, had also recently discovered her African ancestry, and I offered to help her organize a reunion that would try to assemble these broken branches of the family. After two years of planning and hundreds of letters, phone calls, and e-mails, members of the white and black sides finally assembled this past June.
As soon as I arrived at the hotel in New Orleans, I tried to spot Broyards by their characteristic Creole looks of light skin and wavy hair, and some quality that seemed particularly Broyard: a playfulness, a bounce to their walk, round hooded eyes, or a sly, wide smile. I was looking for people who reminded me of my father.
As we trickled into the cocktail party the first night, Gloria, in a bright floral sundress, greeted everyone and handed out nametags, color-coded according to our branch of the family. We all descend from six brothers—the oldest, my great-grandfather Paul, who was born in 1856, and the youngest, Gloria's great-grandfather Octave, born in 1872. In the tight-knit Creole community, little attention is paid to how close or distant a relative is, and all around me I heard greetings of "Hi, Cuz."
Before approaching anyone I took a long moment putting on my nametag and shuffling through my family papers. I felt suddenly nervous about meeting my cousins, who had been abstract names on a family tree up until now. I worried about what they might think of my father and his choice to live as white.
"I had just lost him, and now I was losing him all over again"
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According to the Globe Wellness Company, wellness is a problem of full physical, psychological, as well as social wellness. The promotion of health and wellness is a goal that needs to be pursued to improve overall lifestyle. Different activities and also scenarios that promote wellness can be encouraged, while various other situations need to be avoided. Health and wellness has a number of reasons, some of which belong to people’ way of living choices as well as others are caused by structural factors. By finding out more concerning these reasons, we can find out about the most effective ways to boost our wellness.
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Mental health is carefully attached to physical wellness. Mental disease can hamper day-to-day activities, lead to clinical depression, as well as negatively influence your body’s composition and also feature. Therefore, it is necessary to watch psychological and also physical wellness as related aspects of life. This will certainly help you achieve a balance and also preserve excellent mental and also physical health. It is essential to address all aspects of your wellness and stay healthy in both realms. Yet remember that the connection between physical health as well as mental health and wellness is a two-way procedure.
The word health means a wide variety of things to various people. It can mean a selection of things, but the most standard interpretation is being free of condition. That would certainly make health and wellness promotion a goal to remove or decrease the incidence of conditions. In addition to illness, the term health and wellness refers to an individual’s capability to operate typically, such as the capability to deal with daily stress and anxieties. Normal exercise, healthy and balanced food, as well as various other factors all contribute to a person’s capability to flourish.
The meaning of “total wellness” leaves out individuals with persistent disease, including diabetes mellitus and also heart problem. However, there are six hundred and also seventeen million individuals over the age of 65 in the world. Changing the interpretation of disease produces further harshness between the real experience of living a lengthy and also healthy life as well as the requirement of health and wellness that society specifies as “total wellness”.
The World Health Organization specifies health as the full physical, psychological, as well as social health of a person. While the WHO interpretation is broad and also basic, it is still insufficient. People with diabetics issues have to take drug to control their condition, while people with neck and back pain need physiotherapy to handle their condition. Neither of these are interpretations of “total health”! They remain in truth suffering from persistent diseases, albeit one with a low number of signs and symptoms.
Along with the subjective facets of wellness, doctors need to additionally think about a person’s feelings, just how it impacts their life, and also how to eliminate it. The medical profession can proclaim an individual “healthy and balanced” if it meets certain requirements. It is necessary to acknowledge that the medical version of wellness is not universal, and it can lead to the discovery of brand-new diseases. As a result, the definition of health and wellness may not be applicable to people’s understandings of their physical or mood.
The health care landscape is an intricate web of companies that supply health services. This landscape includes pharmaceutical business, medical facilities, physicians, medical insurance companies, and also a host of other entities that may supply health care solutions. This system is so large that it has become conscripted by numerous, and also most of them thin down the quality of medical care. Additionally, intermediaries have taken control of the market, reducing the top quality of services. For this reason, the interpretation of “health care” is increasingly more comprehensive. best chiropractic Kelowna
Besides the physical health and wellness of a specific, social and also ecological elements affect an individual’s quality of life. As a matter of fact, health is the core of joy. Correct nutrition as well as exercise enhances an individual’s physical, mental, as well as social well-being. If one is not nourished properly, they are prone to condition, especially aging, as well as are likely to establish particular mental problems. For this reason, good nourishment is essential for a healthy and balanced way of life.
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Aquarium water with a yellow tint can be symptomatic of a problem with the water conditions. In other cases, it can be a good thing. You have to figure out what's causing it to determine your course of action.
Certain types of driftwood and bogwood can discolor aquarium water. These woods contain tannins, which have a yellow to orange color that will vary based on tannin concentration. Tannins lower water's pH. For some fish, this mimics their natural environment, and some fish keepers are OK with the aesthetic of tea-colored water. However, some species of fish need higher pH to thrive. Boiling driftwood reduces the amount of tannins it will release.
If you've recently set up the tank or you've just added substrate, you likely clouded the water. Clouding, caused by tiny bits of dust floating in the water, may appear a variety of colors. Before adding gravel or sand to a tank, thoroughly wash it to reduce clouding. Do this by putting your substrate in a bowl or bucket, then adding water, stiring the sand or gravel and pouring off the water. Repeat until the new water comes off clear. If you've already added your substrate, the problem will eventually take care of itself and probably won't hurt anything in the meantime. Water changes and filtration will eventually take care of this problem.
Blooms of free-floating algae can also discolor water. Such water usually looks greenish but can have a yellowish tint. Additionally, bacterial blooms may also change the water color. This is most common in new tanks that are still cycling, or aquariums in which a filter has broken down. These blooms usually do not hurt the fish but can be a sign of other problems in the tank. If you address the root cause, the bloom will usually end.
Controlling Free-Floating Micro-Organisms
Bacterial and algal blooms are probably the most concerning cause of discolored water, since they are often the herald of unhealthy water chemistry. If you see the water become discolored, test for ammonia and nitrite and perform a water change. Limit the lighting period to 12 hours if you have plants, or completely shut down the aquarium lights for a few days if you have fish. This prevents photosynthetic algae from getting the light they need to grow. These blooms are typically short-lived if you take steps to address the underlying causes.
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The goal of the Project is to “prepare Governmental primary schools & other formal schools to accept diverse educational needs of Children with disabilities (CwDs) and increase the enrolment rate and learning level of CwDs and reduce the dropout rate by ensuring accessible and modified teaching and learning methods (TLMs) to deliver quality education.” The intervention was initially conducted in 3 districts (Lucknow, Barabanki, and Sitapur) with 12 govt. primary schools in 2018.
SPARC-India has currently started another intervention in 10 Govt. Primary Schools of Lucknow for the first phase from 1st April 2022, which is funded by SBI Foundation.
The general objective of the project is to increase the enrolment and to reduce the dropout rates of CwDs in the regular government education system and creating an effecting learning environment for all the children of selected schools.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT ARE:
EXPECTED PROJECT OUTCOMES:
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by Linda Straker
- Revitalising OECS tourism markets a priority for new US Administration
- USA is Caribbean’s largest source market for tourism
- Over 2,000 employed in hospitality sector have lost their jobs
Revitalising Grenada’s and the other OECS member states’ tourism markets as part of balancing livelihood and sustainable developments amid the Covid-19 pandemic, is one of the priorities for the new US Administration.
“Once everyone is settled down, I would like to see an engagement with the Caribbean on some of the key issues of the Caribbean, now particularly with Covid-19 and the economic impact it has had on the islands, especially in the area of tourism,” said Linda Taglialatela, USA Ambassador to Barbados and the OECS.
“We really need to focus on how to revitalise the economy and how do we help. How do we help the countries move forward with monetary losses due to a lack of tourism?” she said during an interview last week Friday. Other areas of focus for the continued sustainable development of USA–OECS and Barbados relations will also include climate change, climate resilience and immigration.
“We really need to work closely on these issues.” Taglialatela is one of the few ambassadors to work directly with 3 administrations, having started her assignment to the OECS under the Barack Obama administration, followed by Donald Trump and now with Joseph Biden.
The USA is the Caribbean largest source market for tourism, and since the global pandemic was declared in February 2020 the travel and tourism industry is among the source of employment hardest hit. In Grenada, more than 2,000 employed directly or indirectly in the hospitality sector have lost their jobs because of Covid-19 measures.
Although countries are accepting commercial flights from the USA, PCR negative tests have now become a normal travel entry document to entry destinations including Canada, the USA and most Caribbean nations.
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Unyielding compliance with the requirements and procedures detailed in ASTM F1292-13 is essential to accurate measurement of impact attenuation of playground surfaces. In limited cases a short cut procedure, while not strictly compliant, can be used for spot checking of surface conditions. This article explores the appropriate use of this procedure, and discusses its critical limitations.
Standards are all about measuring accurately. It is critical that prescribed test devices are used and test methods are followed1 ,2 . Using the test device as described in the Standard ensures that the values are consistent, no matter where in the world the test is performed. The results of the test are then compared to the pass/fail of a specification and the determination is made as to whether the surface is compliant or not3 . Standards allow an owner/operator of an impact attenuating surface to choose lower impact values to provide better impact injury prevention and mandate them into their contract documents4 . Typically the impact values for surface performance is that the g value shall not exceed 200 and the HIC value shall not exceed 10005 . The 200g value is a 10% risk of skull fracture, while 1000 HIC is a 5% risk of a critical head injury, a 16% risk of a severe head injury and 55% risk of a serious head injury6 .
Playing surfaces, whether they are playgrounds, sports fields, landing or sports mats, etc. have a primary objective, to protect the user from an impact that results in an unacceptable injury during the reasonably foreseeable use of the system or playing environment7 . Since we are concerned with the prevention of injury at a very significant level of severity, it is important that the data collected and the science related to the test devices be accurate, to ensure that impact values can actually be associated with a level of injury that is being prevented. Since the surfacing systems are expensive to replace or can be associated with large law suits, it is important that the measuring instrument does not fail a system that would pass to the correctly performed test to the relevant standard. Alternatively passing a failed system could put users at risk of severe injury.
For impact attenuation of surfaces, there are two major standards writing organizations in the world, ASTM International and CEN. For both of these organizations, the prevention of head injury traces its origins to the automotive industry and the work performed over more than six decades to prevent injuries. For the United States it starts with Col. John Stapp performing military testing and evolving to the development of the first test dummies to act as surrogates for humans. Along the way, non-human primates and cadavers contributed to the refinement of both the dummy shape, mass and the association with specific injuries to where we now have the hybrid III series of dummies that are widely used in testing throughout the world. These automotive test devices are expensive and not designed for outdoor use, with the result being the development of metal surrogates, in the 1970s and onward, that highly correlate to the performance of the automotive dummies8 . This traceability in science and history allows for the confidence society has in the testing of surfaces.
The ASTM F1292 Standard was first published in 1991 and this Standard is utilized around the world for testing of surfaces. The Standard originally used a head shaped aluminum missile known as the ANSI C headform, established through testing in the 1970’s for the US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and others to generate g values, Severity Index (SI), and Head Injury Criteria (HIC) values that related to the automotive injury studies. Because of its shape and the need to impact the surfaces with the crown of the head, this device was used mainly as a guided system and when used in freefall, generally resulted in lower impact values and therefore could pass surfaces that under formal test conditions would fail. The guided test required a cumbersome guidance system that was difficult to bring to the field without considerable cost or difficulty. The solution was to look to Europe and their use of the 10lb aluminum hemispherical headform that does allow for a freefall test with the missile landing on the hemisphere and utilizing a triaxial accelerometer to generate data that was equal to that generated by the ANSI C. This validation of the two headforms took many years, a series of round robins involving many laboratories involved in the testing of surfaces and finally the determination of equivalencyx. The free fall drop test was adopted into ASTM F1292 in 1999 and into En1177 in 2008 even though for playground surface testing, the procedure of the test is different the goal is the same, to protect children from HIC values over 1000.
Currently the ASTM F1292 Standard requires the completion of a three temperature laboratory test for surface systems, which cannot be easily performed in the field. As a result F1292 provides a field test to allow for every owner to test the surfaces their children are playing on and determine the potential of a severe injury. The standard provides considerable detail as to the procedure and this will vary depending upon whether the surfacing is loose fill or unitary. The Standard requires the person performing the test to determine the most adverse locations and test the surface in its most conservative condition. That is one of the reasons why the Standard requires the performance of 3 drops from the same height to the same location9 . The first is a conditioning drop, while the average of the second and third drops are used to report the performance for that location in the playground. This is further complicated for materials such as sand that tend to pack and they are required to the tamped prior to the first drop. There are significantly more requirements to the performance of the test including collection of additional data and provision of reports and it is for this reason that the Standard requires that the person performing the testing be trained10 .
Formal testing of compliance of the surface to ASTM F1292 is the requirement of the CPSC Handbook on Public Playground Safety, ASTM F1487 and the ADA on the ground level accessible route. It will also be a requirement for any measure of contract or warranty performance and absolutely in the event of an injury that results in a law suit. Therefore formal testing of a surface and compliance to ASTM F1292 will require that all of aspects of ASTM F1292 be performed.
There are circumstances where an owner might want to test their surface in a determination of performance and prior to a formal ASTM F1292 test. This could be in support or confirmation of a full periodic field test to the standard. Care must be taken to ensure the factors that negatively influence the impact attenuation properties for the system under test are taken into consideration and that the threshold g and HIC values are set 30 to 50% below the contractual or standards threshold to determine when the formal test is immediately triggered.
Once the decision has been made to perform the full F1292 test there are the circumstance where the person performing the test needs to perform a number of pre-tests on a surface to finally locate the three areas that would be the most adverse for a play structure. This can be done using the ASTM F355 E missile with the data collection device attached to a hand drop device.
The ASTM compliant E missile must, whether the drop is a pre-test or full test, provide for each drop; the date and time of the drop, the peak g, the HIC, the angle and the velocity to confirm the drop height of the drop. Although it is virtually impossible to drop the E missile from the same height to the same
point on the surface, if the pre-test is being performed without a supporting devices, this must be noted in the field notes and the data comments.
The pre-test is not the F1292 field test, but only to be used between field tests that impact attenuation properties have not changed significantly putting children at risk. If only one drop is being used, then this must be compared to the values for the first of a series of three drops for the surfacing system during the formal testing of the surface. A routine of frequent pre-testing followed-up with the formal test will ensure surfacing systems are functioning as intended. It also offers the opportunity to a system owner/operator to visit a site with a concerned parent or caregiver and provide the confidence that their child will not sustain an injury beyond the thresholds stated in the relevant standard.
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Exposing Services to External Applications in Kubernetes (Part 1)
This article shows how one developer exposed his Kubernetes services to applications.
Join the DZone community and get the full member experience.Join For Free
Kubernetes (K8s) has now become the most popular production-grade container management and orchestration system. Recently, I was involved in a project where an on-premises application needed to be containerized, managed by a Kubernetes cluster, and be able to connect to other apps outside cluster.
Here, I share my experience of running a container in a local K8s cluster and various options for networking externally to cluster. There are many posts related to or touching this topic, but most of them followed the minikube installation (single-node K8s cluster) whereas my cluster was installed using kubeadm. There are certain differences in K8s install options, as noted in the references below.
I will not dwell into how to create containers and deploy in K8s. My focus in this post will be on the networking aspect of apps inside and across the cluster, minus the heavy text found in K8s documentation.
This figure shows what I want to acheive.
There were the following conditions to our use case:
- All the communications from WebServer to the app must use IP Address only
- Each container is a separate instance of the same application with no inter-pod communication
I understand that the above conditions look unusual, but given the legacy design of our application and complexity involved, we didn’t have time to reengineer (at least in phase 1).
After a few experiments, I realized that the above diagram does not represent true networking in K8s, but I will leave this diagram as it is. In later sections, I am going to share how it was improved incrementally.
Before we dive in, let us have a quick introduction to basic components in K8s. You can read them in detail here.
Container – Application binary packaged with all dependencies minus any guest OS, may contain a startup script or init command. In Kubernetes, the container is not always from Docker; Kubernetes supports a variety of container runtimes. In my case, I preferred using a Docker container.
Pod – Basic deployment unit in K8s, a group of one or more containers, with shared storage/network, and a specification for how to run the containers. A pod’s containers interact with each other without any external network tuning. I didn’t use a Pod directly but through a controller as recommended by many and K8s itself.
Deployment – A declarative way to create Pods which, when submitted to K8s, will ensure that the intent is satisfied to the best of effort. It is recommended to have the desired state supplied in a YAML file. Of many things, you can also mention ports through which traffic will be flowing and a label which defines each pod.
Service – Another high-level abstraction, it is a set of Pods having a certain label and defines them as a named unit (service name). This was an interesting component for me because it permits exposing my app to outside world. It also allows Pods to talk to each other using by looking up the service name, which is either through environment variables or DNS server.
So after creating deployment and service yamls and applying them using kubeclt, the diagram looks like this:
Now that we have the basic infrastructure in place, let me start with various options I tried for networking, which is the HTTP traffic on ports (8080, 8081) from Web Server to containers.
This is my service yaml file:
and the output of
kubectl get svc:
Well, Kubernetes opened two new ports, 30367 and 30091, instead of 8080 and 8081. These ports numbers from a range of 30000-32767 are called nodeports. This option will not let my web server use 8080/8081 to connect to apps. The cluster-ip seen in above command output is internal IP and not accessible from outside.
To solve this issue, I wanted to use specific ports. It turns out K8s has the option to override the default port range (--service-node-port-range), but most users discourage it for various reasons.
HostPort: Resolving the above port issue, K8s has another option of using hostPort directly in the deployment. This option opens the port on the VM itself and I can access my app using hostIP:hostPort. The challenge here is the tight coupling between the hostIP and the app. If the pod is created on a different node then the port is accessible, but on different IP. It turns out, K8s has a solution called nodeSelector which lets you bind your pod to a specific: node.
Now my cluster looks like this:
Now, I have my HTTP traffic flowing with tight coupling with the IP address. I agree that this is not an optimal way of exposing services out of the cluster and will not work in cases where the VM IPs changes. Also, in the options used so far, I haven’t touched the master. After exploring a bit further, I found another option called Ingress which will be the focus of next part.
Opinions expressed by DZone contributors are their own.
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Dr. Kathleen Jordan has spent decades working within the traditional healthcare system before branching out into digital health, leveraging innovative technology to care for patients in a more human way. She has extensive hospital & health care industry experience inclusive of VC funded health care homes, telemedicine, brick and mortar clinics, and hospitals.
As long as these tests show nothing suggesting an anatomic cause that should be treated, like removal of a fibroid or polyp or possible cancer, medical management is considered. This would typically be oral contraceptive pills or cyclic progesterone or often off-label use of a Mirena IUD, which is a very effective way to manage heavy or irregular bleeding up to menopause.29 June 2022
On average, this happens to women at age 51, though the timing varies significantly. As our ovaries begin to secrete less estrogen, we enter a roller coastering of hormone levels that trigger a variety of symptoms, a stage known as perimenopause, and for most women it occurs throughout our 40s, if not earlier.29 June 2022
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The Word of God is like a mirror. It presents a correct and complete description of the face of the soul. To benefit from this mirror we must spend time looking into it and then act on what we see. Or as the Bible says, be doer and not only a listener.
Would you call both of these things sin? Would you rate them equally harmful habits? Would you like to have victory over either one, or both? Would you be interested in knowing what God thinks about these things? Read on...
We don't like to think about growing old. But man’s mortality rate is 100%. And after death comes judgment. That’s reality, whether or not we try to duck it. Do you want to know what God says about it?
The Anabaptists were named thusly because of their belief in adult baptism. But why did they refuse to validate or practice infant baptism, even at the risk of losing their lives? A brief look at the reasons for their position on believer's baptism and the Scriptural basis for it
The theory of evolution was developed at a time when scientists knew very little about life. Scientific findings, like DNA, prove conclusively that life came into being by distinct design. Without DNA there is no life. The theory of evolution stops short at the DNA molecule.
Why is family worship necessary? Or important? Don’t our children hear enough Bible teaching at church? How can we make family devotional time relevant, and hold the interest of the varied levels of age and understanding?
The 32nd Psalm is a joyful testimony from the pen of David, thanking God for His gift of forgiveness. No sin is too big for God to forgive and the joy and relief of knowing that nothing is between you and God is beyond description.
Sooner or later in life every person will face some very important questions. Many will agree that question number one should be, “What must I do to be saved?" not whom will I marry or what career do I want. Since salvation is what matters most there are five things you ought to know about it.
When we pray we want answers. While answered prayer should be the normal experience for Christians, it remains a fact that many times we fail to get the answer we beg for. Sometimes this is because there are certain hindrances that cause God to withhold the request we ask.
A neglected subject in many churches today is the personality, activity, and power of the devil. The devil is a dangerous character and since he is our enemy we need to know about him and the ways he tries to us.
God has given us but a short time here upon earth, and yet our entire eternity depends upon how we use this time.Young people, and older folks too, have many temptations to face in our age. We want to look at five of them and see what God’s Word has to say concerning each one.
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Umpires are a fundamental part of the game netball. We aim to support and empower our umpires by providing essential training, education and resources. People that want to become umpires are required to undertake a series of courses to receive accreditation in the form of a badge.
- C Badge
- B Badge
- A Badge
- AA – (All Australian) the highest national award
Netball Australia has more information on the umpire accreditation pathway.
Online Officiating Course
Not sure where to start? For beginner officials, there is an Online Officiating Course developed by the Australian Sports Commission. You can register and complete the course at your own pace and from home.
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https://www.districts.darwinnetball.org.au/info/umpires/
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Stainless steel mirror plate, also known as the mirror plate, with polishing liquid through the polishing equipment in the stainless steel surface polishing, so that the board surface brightness as clear as a mirror. Uses: mainly used in construction decoration, elevator decoration, industrial decoration, decoration and other stainless steel products.
Stainless steel mirror plate, decorative plate, stainless steel plate pattern; stainless steel plate surface smooth, high plasticity, high strength, high strength, high strength, Toughness and mechanical strength, acid, alkaline gases, solutions and other media corrosion.
1, according to the thickness of classification
(1) Thin plate (2) Medium plate (3) Heavy plate (4) Extra thick plate
2, by production methods
(1) Hot-rolled steel sheet (2) Cold-rolled steel sheet
3, according to the surface characteristics of classification
(1) Galvanized sheet (hot-dip galvanized sheet, electro-galvanized sheet) (2) Tinplate (3) Composite sheet (4) Color coated steel sheet
304 stainless steel plate: thickness (mm) X width (m) X length (m) X7.93g / cm3
316 stainless steel plate: thickness (mm) X width (m) X length (m) X7.98g / cm3
430 stainless steel plate: thickness (mm) X width (m) X length (m) X7.70g / cm3
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<urn:uuid:966fc4a3-4230-47ad-8a37-e163b6abc72c>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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http://www.jawaygroup.com/stainless-steel/800-grit-mirror-finish-stainless-steel-sheet.html
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An important component in preparing for disasters is learning how to make nutritious food that can keep up your energy during a long-term survival scenario. If you’re looking for one such recipe, try making pinole. (h/t to SurvivalSullivan.com)
In Christopher McDougall’s book, “Born to Run,” he talks about people from the legendary Tarahumara tribe in Mexico who run 50 miles or more per day. They were able to achieve this amazing feat with the help of pinole, one of the Tarahumara’s staple foods. Pinole is made with toasted cornmeal that’s usually combined with ingredients like natural sugar, spices and water.
Pinole is a versatile food: You can eat it as a porridge or bake it into a cookie that you can eat on the run. (Related: Tips and instructions for making homemade whole wheat bread.)
The recipe below contains flaxseed, a superfood full of ALA (alpha-linolenic acid), an omega-3 acid. Flaxseed is fiber-rich, promoting digestive health. It offers health benefits such as helping to reduce the risk of cancer and diabetes, lowering bad cholesterol and maintaining healthy blood pressure.
Adding chopped almonds adds fat, fiber and protein to pinole. Almonds also help reduce hunger.
Chia seeds come from a plant called Salvia hispanica. The plant produces very small black and white seeds that also help curb hunger. Chia seeds have a mild and slightly nutty flavor. The tiny seeds are ideal ingredients for pinole since they are full of carbs, fiber and protein, along with vitamins and minerals.
As a bonus, chia seeds have a long shelf life of about two years after a batch is packaged. Store chia seeds in sturdy, airtight containers to extend their shelf life for another year or so.
Pinole only takes seven minutes to make. The recipe below makes four servings with 232 kcals.
Ingredients for 4 servings:
You can use pinole to make a unique, gritty drink. Pinole from the recipe above can be used to make 20 mugs of pinole drink, with 46 calories per serving.
Add a tablespoon of the pinole mix to a cup of boiling water. Add a teaspoon or two of honey, stir, then let the mixture rest for 10 minutes before drinking.
If you don’t want a pinole drink that’s too gritty, omit the flaxseed and almonds from the basic pinole recipe.
The basic pinole recipe above yields four servings of pinole porridge with 232 calories per small bowl.
To make the porridge, add the pinole to a cup of water. Pinole porridge will make you feel full for a long time and it contains healthy carbs and proteins.
You can also serve pinole porridge with berries and plain yogurt.
Make nutrient-rich pinole at home and try pinole drinks or porridge to boost your energy during an emergency. Learn more prepping recipes that use natural ingredients at Preparedness.news.
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It doesn’t matter where you might be in the world, there’s nothing better than finding food that hits the spot. And the food in London is a wonderful experience. No matter what you might be searching for, you can find it in the bustling metropolis of London.
The best of British
As London is the capital city of the UK, let’s first talk about the traditional food that you’ll find here. Food in Britain tends to be tasty, hearty and big on comfort! A classic dish is ‘fish n chips,’ and you’ll find shops – known affectionately as ‘the chippy’ – all over London. Here you can find a deep fried breaded or battered fish of your choice, served with chunky fried chips (a very different way of serving potatoes to the French fries you find the world over) and, if you’re of a mind, mushy peas…
Fish n chips is traditionally seasoned with salt and vinegar and served in a paper wrap. In years gone by this used to be newspaper, but times change and now they’re wrapped in white paper.
As fish n chips is such a national institution, it’s no wonder that there are some restaurants in London that specialise in just this. Some of the best can be found in the Time Out Magazine’s guide to the best fish and chip restaurants.
Other British favourites include various different pies, such as steak and kidney, beef and ale, chicken and mushroom or plain steak pie. Traditionally these are served with mashed potato, and known simply as ‘pie and mash.’ There are some fabulous pie and mash shops, as well as restaurants. Some of the better ones can be found on the View London website.
Another dish that you won’t fail to come across is the traditional Sunday Roast. This comprises of roast beef (or perhaps pork, gammon or lamb), with roast potatoes, roast vegetables such as parsnips and carrots, and a selection of other vegetables such as broccoli, cauliflower, leeks or cabbage. This is served up with a hearty Yorkshire pudding or two, and covered in gravy. Delicious…
The British pub is something that people talk about the whole world over, and once you find a good one you’ll be likely to agree. However, it’s not just a case of finding the nearest pub, because the typical British pub is now rather more difficult to find. Many have been taken over by chains such as Weatherspoons which, although adequate, certainly aren’t the best representation of pubs and pub grub that you can find.
A good method of discovering some of the best pubs that London has to offer is to check out the Good Pub Guide where you can search by area and region to find some of the best pubs that London and the country has to offer.
Food on a global scale
London is perhaps one of the most diverse cities in the world for food, and you can find restaurants serving authentic dishes from all over the planet. If you like Chinese food, then head to China Town where you’ll find a multitude of restaurants to suit all budgets. There are also some excellent Chinese supermarkets here as well if you fancy stocking up on Asian ingredients to create your own dishes at home.
If you like Middle Eastern food, then head to the Edgware road, the heart of London’s Arabic community. Wander down the street, taking a look at the menus of the many authentic restaurants, and you could almost be in the Middle East. If the weather permits, you’ll be greeted by men sitting outside smoking large pipes filled with various fruit flavoured tobacco.
Whatever food you’re looking for, you can find it in London. And there’s some wonderful fine dining to be had as well, and for those in the know, this might not have to cost the earth. Find some of the best London restaurants using The Good Food Guide or the AA guide.
Savvy diners will sign up with discount websites such as Groupon, Voucher Codes or Wowcher to get some fantastic discount codes. These change on a weekly basis, and might include 2 for 1 deals or a discount off your final bill. They’re definitely worth having, and can mean that you can eat out more often, simply because the bills are less.
The most popular British dish
This is a subject open to debate, as various newspapers continue to write differing opinions. However, it might surprise you to know that it’s clear that the favourite dish in the UK is not one of the traditional English recipes. In fact, it’s not a dish that hails from its own shores at all.
It seems that the meal that most Brits reach for on a regular basis is none other than….. chicken tikka masala. Or perhaps a Cantonese chicken stir fry. Or perhaps a Jalfrazi. Whichever it is, it’s either Indian or Chinese food that’s wormed its way into the psyche of the British people. So it should come as no surprise that this means that you can find some excellent Asian restaurants in London.
And for when you’re in a rush…
Sometimes, when speed is of the essence, then nothing can beat a take-out meal or a drive-thru. And London is certainly well equipped for both of these options. Indian, Chinese, pizza and other take-out options are available on almost every street. And if there’s not one in walking distance in London, then just pick up the phone as most offer free delivery.
And all the American fast food restaurants can be found, such as McDonalds, Burger King and Kentucky Fried Chicken etc. Many are open 24 hours, and most have a drive through. It might not be haute cuisine, but at least you know what you’re getting. And sometimes a Big Mac can just hit the spot….
Need more information?
Although food is an important aspect of any area in the world in which you choose to live, there’s plenty of other information that it’s vital to know. From Travel to Things to Do, House Hunting to the Cost of Living, MovingtoLondon.net provides you with the most up to date, current data that’s essential to know in order to ensure the transition to your new life in London is as stress free as possible.
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Dr. James Stewart is more than just a family dentist. While caring for the smiles of families from Livonia, Michigan and the surrounding areas is one of Dr. Stewart’s top priorities, he is also a healthcare provider with a special interest in sleep apnea and other sleep disorders. In fact, Dr. Stewart is considered to… Read more »
Tag: sleep disorder livonia mi
Dr. James Stewart has many years of experience helping patients overcome sleep apnea and sleeping disorders, but how exactly does he do it? How do dentists treat patients with sleep apnea? Theoretically, you should visit your dentist every six months for routine checkups and cleanings. This means that you may see your dentist more frequently… Read more »
Even celebrities and athletes aren’t perfect. People in the spotlight get sick, go grocery shopping, and walk their dogs just like us. Some even snore, and Shaquille O’Neal is one of those snorers. If you, like Shaq, snore, or if you sleep with someone who does, you know how annoying and frustrating the habit can… Read more »
Do you have wake up several times during the night and have a hard time failing back asleep? Does this leave you feeling groggy and out of it during the day. Maybe you snore when you finally do fall asleep. If you have any of these symptoms, it’s possible you have sleep apnea.
I’m Dr. James Stewart, and I treat sleep apnea patients right here at my office in Livonia, Michigan. Sleep apnea is a medical sleep disorder that occurs when soft tissues in the throat or mouth block free airflow while you sleep. This causes you to take in too little oxygen to support normal breathing. If breathing stops for more than 10 seconds, your body will wake you to reinitiate normal breathing. This interrupts your sleep cycle and deprives you of the sleep needed to fully refuel and rejuvenate your body.
According to research, Americans suffer from daytime sleepiness more than Europeans. Nearly 20% of American adults feel extremely sleepy during the day, and only 15% of Europeans feel this way. More women than men struggle with excessive daytime drowsiness. When we’re tired, accidents can happen—at work, at home, and on the road. I’m Dr. Stewart,… Read more »
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It’s Wellness Wednesdays! We’ll talk about smoking cessation strategies designed especially for women. Smoking is one of the most preventable causes of death in the world, yet almost half of all smokers don’t even try to quit. Why? Quitting smoking is difficult; it’s not something most people can do on their own, and most people need the help of others. The best way to quit is to change your behavior and change your beliefs about smoking.
If you’re looking for a way to quit smoking, you might be surprised to learn that women are more likely than men to do so, according to the American Lung Association. Although women in the United States are less likely to smoke than women in other nations, they still make up nearly half of all smokers.
There’s a long, running debate about whether it’s more difficult for women or men to quit smoking. Some say that women who try to quit may have more difficulty than men because of the way their bodies metabolize nicotine. Regardless of the answer, one thing’s for sure. Everyone can give up tobacco if they find the right approach.
There are some things that are especially helpful for women who’ve had a tough time quitting smoking. These are some considerations that are especially helpful for women.
Nicotine Dependence for Women
1. Avoid the patch if you’re pregnant.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention advise against nicotine patches for pregnant women. During pregnancy, women metabolize nicotine as much as 120 times faster, so the regular dose contained in the patch is ineffective. Nicotine replacement devices may work for women who are not expecting.
2. Learn about nicotine receptors.
Female smokers appear to have fewer nicotine receptors in their brain than male smokers. This suggests that giving up smoking for women is more complicated than just replacing nicotine.
3. Use alternatives to nicotine replacement.
Fortunately, there are many smoking cessation techniques that address more factors than nicotine alone. Browse online or consult your doctor to find out about your options.
Post-Smoking Weight Gain for Women
1. Love your body.
Women may be especially apprehensive about gaining weight if they stop smoking. Try to cultivate a healthy body image that lets you appreciate your individual beauty, regardless of your dress size.
2. Put moderate weight gain in perspective.
The average weight gain for former smokers is about 5 to 10 pounds. Smoking is much more risky than a few extra pounds.
3. Guard against obesity.
Obesity is a serious health issue. If you gain more than 10 pounds or continue to gain weight after 3 months, take prompt action to get back in control.
4. Exercise more.
Your metabolism may slow down when you give up cigarettes. Becoming more physically active will speed it up and improve your mood.
5. Manage emotional eating.
Women tend to have stronger tendencies to turn to food for comfort. Give yourself treats with no calories like bubble baths or time to read that new novel you’ve been dying to get into.
6. Curb your appetite naturally.
It’s easier to consume less when your hunger is satisfied. Sip water, herbal tea, or clear soup.
7. Ask your doctor about Naltrexone.
Naltrexone is a drug used to treat alcohol and drug addiction, but it also shows promise for helping female ex-smokers to avoid weight gain. Your doctor can help you determine if it might help you.
Additional Suggestions for Women Who Want to Quit Smoking
1. Explore behavior-based approaches.
The entire ritual of smoking is important to some women. Strategies like deep breathing and learning to deal with triggers, such as that morning cup of coffee that goes hand in hand with smoking a cigarette, can help women to persevere.
2. Find other ways to deal with stress.
It’s natural to reach for a cigarette when you feel tense. Form new habits like meditation or getting a massage.
3. Join a traditional support group.
Women are more likely to understand the value of social support. Ask your insurance provider or local hospital if they can recommend a group you can join.
4. Get connected through social media.
You can also find support on the Internet. Join an existing self-help group or start your own. Text each other words of encouragement.
5. Talk with your doctor about non-nicotine medications.
Many women find nicotine replacement devices helpful, but there are more options if you need them. Your doctor can tell you about a variety of drugs, including certain antidepressants, which have also been found to making quitting tobacco easier.
Quitting smoking is often the single most important thing you can do to improve your health. It’s a tough habit to kick, but you can do it with help. Whether you want to cut down, quit cold turkey, or use nicotine replacement products, there are many methods of quitting. The most effective method depends on your unique circumstances. In many cases, the choice is yours. Experiment with the best approaches for women and talk with your doctor if you need more help.
I would love to give you a free resource sheet to support your overall wellness. Click the button below to receive your gift.
I really wanted to talk about this topic today because your natural health and wellness is important. You can adopt healthy lifestyle practices that improve your health and enrich your life, which can in turn improve the lives of those close to you. You have the power to break the cycle of poor health, including chronic disease, so that you can leave a legacy of health to your loved ones.
I use lifestyle medicine as the first line of treatment, before medications, to treat lifestyle-related chronic diseases. Lifestyle-related chronic diseases include diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and some cancers, just to name a few. Lifestyle practices, such as eating a whole-food plant-based diet and regular physical activity, can help you lose weight, and maybe reverse some chronic diseases (if you suffer from them). In certain cases, these approaches may even outperform pharmaceutical therapy. But I always tell my patients that conventional medications may be appropriate at this time to prevent catastrophic illness, but over time, you can work to make the necessary lifestyle changes to possibly reduce and/or eliminate medications. Please remember to always consult your physician for your particular needs and circumstances prior to making any decisions whatsoever.
Please talk with your doctor about any complementary health approaches, including supplements, you use. Let me know what you think in the comment section below.
PS. I am always asked what tools and resources I recommend to help you reach YOUR health goals. Here is the ever-growing, always updated list for you.
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The price of the item is the same whether it is an affiliate link or not. Regardless, we only recommend products or services we believe will add value to our readers.
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The kidneys' functional state is influenced by factors of systemic hemodynamics and left ventricular function. The discovery of mechanisms of renal dysfunction that affect cardiac function has contributed to a fuller picture of these two systems' mutual influence. The common cause of cardiovascular and renal disease is now understood, mainly because of the common pathogenetic mechanisms of both forms of pathology and their mutually aggravating effects.
Source link: https://zenodo.org/record/6684775
* Please keep in mind that all text is summarized by machine, we do not bear any responsibility, and you should always check original source before taking any actions
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Community Association and Public Education Outreach Program
The UF/IFAS Extension Hillsborough County office offers a free on-site irrigation evaluation service for community and condominium associations, as well as Hillsborough County residents, that are high water users irrigating with metered water. This program, coordinated by Paula Staples, offers free on-site presentations to educate community associations, property managers and landscape maintenance professionals about water conservation landscape activities and benefits from following Florida-Friendly Landscaping™ Principles. She also provides educational assistance in implementing irrigation best management practices on your properties.
In addition, Paula is available to present the site report at a board of directors' meeting, association membership meeting or to a group of interested community association members.
Irrigation elements included in the evaluation:
- Review irrigation system components and irrigation controller settings
- Wet-walk the property, identify irrigation inefficiencies (broken heads, misdirected sprays, etc.) and make recommendations for a productive, efficient system
- Check the functioning of your rain sensor
- Educate board and community members on plant water and soil requirements
- Survey the landscape and look for opportunities to save water and money by implementing Florida-Friendly LandscapingTM water conservation measures
About the Program
The Community Association and Public Education Outreach Program is based on the Florida-Friendly Landscaping™ program. Evaluations and recommendations are based on scientific research. Following the recommended practices and the Florida-Friendly Landscaping™ principles will result in a landscape that is healthy, yet has a minimal impact on the environment. This program is sponsored by the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), the UF/IFAS Extension Hillsborough County office and Tampa Bay Water.
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- Up to 70% of Ukrainians could live in poverty in 2022, up from 18% in 2021, the World Bank said.
- Without a large support package, over 60% would be below the national poverty line in 2025, it added.
- Russia's invasion has obliterated livelihoods and crushed large parts of Ukraine's industry.
The proportion of Ukrainians living below the country's national poverty line could reach 70% this year, up from 18% in 2021, the World Bank has said.
And if there isn't a "massive" post-war support package, more than 60% of Ukrainians would still have an income below the national poverty line by 2025, the World Bank said in its spring report, released Sunday.
Based on the international upper middle-income poverty line, which is $5.50 a day, poverty is projected to increase more than tenfold to 19.8% in 2022, up from 1.8% in 2021, the World Bank said. In a worst-case scenario, 28% of Ukrainians could be living under the $5.50 a day mark in 2022, the UN Development Program (UNDP) said.
People have lost access to food, water, electricity, heating, and gas. By April 11, nearly $30 billion worth of residential buildings, almost 600 educational institutions, and 205 medical institutions had been damaged, destroyed, or seized, per the Kyiv School of Economics (KSE).
"The poverty and social impacts of the war will be massive," the World Bank said. "A major reconstruction effort will be necessary."
KSE estimated that Russia has caused $80.4 billion worth of damage to Ukraine's physical infrastructure since its invasion began on February 24. It noted, however, that this was a low estimate and the true losses were likely to be much higher. The World Bank said that damage to Ukraine's infrastructure was likely to be well in excess of $100 billion.
Including indirect losses, such as reduced investment and an outflow of labor, Russia's invasion of Ukraine has cost as much as $600 billion, according to estimates from Ukraine's economy ministry and the KSE.
The invasion has crushed large parts of Ukraine's industry. The World Bank said economic activity was now "impossible in large swathes" of Ukraine because of the infrastructure damage, and predicted that the country's economy would shrink by 45% in 2022.
Goods trade has come to a "grinding halt" because of damage to transit routes and total exports are expected to shrink by 80% in 2022, the bank said. The loss of access to the Black Sea alone cut off half of Ukraine's exports and 90% of its grain trade, it said.
Half of Ukrainian businesses have shut down completely, while the rest are operating well below capacity, Oleg Ustenko, chief economic adviser to Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, said on March 10.
The World Bank said the loss of production, exports, and human capital were expected to have "lasting economic and social repercussions."
Meanwhile, Russian President Vladimir Putin's former chief economic adviser said the number of Russians in poverty could triple in the wake of the war.
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This two-day course was developed for experienced, post-graduate, licensed clinicians who are interested in or have been providing clinical supervision. It is an intermediate level course designed to introduce practitioners to best practices for providing clinical supervision. The presentation reviews models of clinical supervision and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each model, details building blocks for the provision of competent supervision, discusses individual versus group supervision, suggests various observation models to enhance feedback and demonstrates constructive feedback strategies.
As supervision is often a multicultural experience, potential supervisors are taught to identify personal values, biases and expectations and utilizes skills, techniques and strategies for supervising diverse populations. Every discipline recognizes the importance of clinical supervision in training new practitioners and has established specific guidelines related to supervision. This course reviews the major ethical issues involved in supervision, discusses key legal issues associated with supervision and provides specific risk management strategies to address these ethical and legal issues
This experiential, in-depth seminar details the supervisory process, answers your questions about ethical issues, risk and liability, and prepares you to deliver competent clinical supervision.
This online program is worth 12.75 hours CPD.
|Manual - 2 Day Intensive Course: Clinical Supervision (1.8 MB)||130 Pages||Available after Purchase|
George B. Haarman, PsyD, LMFT, is a Licensed Clinical Psychologist and a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 40 years of experience working in a variety of settings, including private practice, youth detention centers, juvenile group homes, child protective services, and juvenile probation. Dr. Haarman completed basic and advanced supervisor training required by the Kentucky Board of Psychology Examiners and maintains approval by the Board to act as a supervisor. In his private practice, Dr. Haarman has provided clinical supervision to clinical and counseling practicum students as well as consultation about clinical supervision to psychologists for over 25 years. Dr. Haaarman is a national speaker on clinical supervision, depression, school refusal, ADHD, emotional disorders in children and adults, and the DSM-5®. He is the author of three books: Clinical Supervision: Legal, Ethical, and Risk Management Issues, School Refusal: Children Who Can't or Won't Go to School, and Mastering DSM-5®. Dr. Haarman received his doctorate in clinical psychology from Spalding University in 1989. He has been an instructor at Jefferson Community College, Bellarmine University, and Spalding University.
Financial: Dr. George Haarman maintains a private practice and is adjunct faculty at Spalding University, Jefferson Community College, and Bellarmine University. He receives a speaking honorarium and recording royalties from PESI, Inc. He has no relevant financial relationships with ineligible organizations.
Non-financial: Dr. George Haarman is a member of the American Psychological Association and the Kentucky Psychological Association.
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This is a great time of year to install a back yard fire pit. The weather is cooling, the nights are getting longer, and, for the most part, seasonal fire restrictions have been lifted. A fire pit is one of the best ways to make the most of your outdoor space, and extend its use throughout autumn and winter.
There is a vast array of fire pit types and there is a fire pit to suit every taste, budget, and back yard design. Here are some points to consider:
- Budget: you can source (or build your own) fire pit from as little as a couple of hundred dollars (or even less if you are savvy); alternately, the sky is the limit if you have a big budget and want an elaborate space with all the trimmings. From a basic box-style pit to a large built-in pit with installed seating and landscaping, the choice is yours.
- Materials: choose from light stainless steel bowls; heavier cast iron bowls; chimneys; fire tables; or stone ground pits. Choose a design and material that complements the size of your yard and also the appearance of your patio or outdoor space. A portable pit must be placed on a natural surface, such as gravel, stone, or slate. Never put a portable pit on a wooden deck! Permanent pits are generally built onto a gravel base.
- Location: check with your local council for fire pit regulations (distance from house, trees, fences, etc) and to glean whether approval is required for built in pits.
- The most common fire pit fuels are wood and gas. The better option for heat, ambiance, and atmosphere is firewood – not to mention that firewood, if sourced carefully, is more environmentally sustainable.
- Firewood: you will want to be well stocked for the season. Call a provider of premium firewood for Perth delivery (such as Oakford Firewood and Mulch) to purchase top quality, environmentally sustainable, seasoned hardwood for burning in your outdoor fireplace or fire pit.
- Other considerations: do you need outdoor lighting near the fire pit? What kind of seating will work best for the area?
- Safety: check wind strength and direction prior to lighting a fire. Never wear flammable clothing near a fire. Consider a screen for safety. Never use soft woods or wet woods for burning. Never use flammable fluids on a fire, even to light it. Dispose of ashes safely, and keep the pit clean. Be very aware of the safety of children and pets near a fire pit.
Cold, dark weather does not necessarily mean being stuck inside! Embrace winter and enjoy the smell of premium firewood as it crackles and glows in your fire pit.
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Solve > Criticize
Finding opportunity in broken things
In every criticism lies opportunity. Every time we criticize something, we are shining a light on something that can be done differently, an opportunity that can be exploited.
But it never occurs to us that we could be the ones to do something about it. We say ‘not my job’ and move on. But most innovations happened because someone did not think it was someone else’s job.
Whenever something frustrates us, something at work, a bad customer experience, or anything that doesn’t work as it should, a question arises: how would we do it differently?
If it affects you personally, you have a great situation on your hands. You have found something that bugs you personally and you also have a good sense of what exactly went wrong.
This means that we can find a unique way to solve a problem right at the moment we are feeling most frustrated by that very problem. The brain is somehow not just content to fret over what has gone wrong; it immediately jumps to problem solving mode and starts imagining what else could’ve happened.
When we are deeply frustrated by a moment, we can’t help but imagine how it should have been done. This is the flash of inspiration you need in order to start something new. Only condition is, we must pause and think.
Most startup advice falls along similar lines: start by paying attention to your own problems and figure out how you would solve them. In Antifragile, Nassim Taleb makes an insightful observation that we need randomness to spoon-feed us with discoveries. It is possible to find a solution by thinking our way to it, but it is rare that we can find a problem worth solving that way.
So, the frustration we feel when faced with a broken product or process is actually a gift from randomness. If we pay close attention, it can tell us about an underlying reality that can be exploited for innovation.
This is also how you answer the famous Peter Thiel question: what is the thing most other people disagree with you on? The definition of a secret today is not what is hidden from plain sight. It is what plainly lies out in the open, but is ignored by most people.
A secret doesn’t have to be something complicated. It can be so a simple way to solve a universal frustration that everyone dismisses it as too simplistic.
Things don’t improve because we expect others to solve everything. However, it doesn’t have to be that way. 7 billion people means 7 billion unique experiences happening every single moment on Earth. What can we achieve if instead of complaining, we only stop and think: how could this be different?
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Financial Aid Bill Contains $280 Billion in Business Tax Breaks—Half the Aid Goes to Business, Only a Quarter to Families, & a Big Break for Wealthy Business Owners Like Trump
America’s unprecedented health and economic emergencies demand quick enactment of the coronavirus aid package passed by the U.S. Senate, but the flaws in that bill should be swiftly addressed by follow-up legislation. The Senate’s Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (‘‘CARES Act”) offers too many benefits to business—including wealthy real estate investors like President Trump—and too few to workers, their families and to those on the frontlines: state and local governments and healthcare providers.
Americans for Tax Fairness has compiled the pie chart below and a table showing the distribution of the $2.3 trillion in financial assistance in the Senate bill. More than half (54%) goes to corporations and businesses, including 12% for tax cuts ($280 billion); only a quarter goes to workers and families ($594 billion); and just 16% ($372 billion) goes to state and local governments, hospitals and schools.
Perhaps the most outrageous provision in the bill—costing $170 billion over 10 years, according to the Joint Committee on Taxation—is the temporary restoration of a lucrative tax loophole for wealthy owners of pass-through businesses, which include real estate investors like President Trump. For instance, it would allow commercial property owners to use the theoretical wear and tear on those properties—“depreciation”—to offset unlimited amounts of real-world gains and thereby lower their taxes and even generate big refunds. Though the legislation forbids bailout money from going to the president or his family, this big tax break could be fully exploitable by the Trumps. This tax break and others are explained in more detail in this ATF analysis.
Another costly tax break for corporations and pass-through business is a loosening of rules for how companies can use losses to generate tax savings, known as net operating losses or NOLs. The 2017 Trump-GOP tax law had forbidden a tactic that uses current-day losses to wring out fat refunds from previous year tax filings. It was one of only a few money-raising reforms in a law that handed corporations over a trillion dollars in tax cuts.
The CARES Act not only temporarily repeals that reform but makes the original tax break even more generous. And corporations need not show their losses are related to the coronavirus crisis to exploit this lucrative tax break, which will cost $26 billion. Poorly managed companies will even be able to use losses they sustained during the boom years prior to the pandemic to secure retroactive tax refunds. The Senate bill also temporarily reverses restrictions on business interest deductions.
“Facing a dire economic crisis of unknown dimensions, the House of Representatives has no choice but to pass the Senate bill and send it along for the president’s immediate signature,” said Frank Clemente, executive director of Americans for Tax Fairness. “But the tilt towards business in this package must be rebalanced in new legislation soon. Protections for working family must be given priority over corporate bottom lines—people must come before profits.”
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In addition to our own website, there are other sites on the Web that provide interesting and helpful information. Because we are committed to improving the health and comfort of our patients, we are providing the following selection of links to other sites you might find interesting and informative. We have grouped some of the links into various categories to provide quick access to the topics of greatest interest to you.
If you have a suggestion for a new link, please send us an email, as we are always looking for good resources to pass along to our valued patients and visitors to our website. We hope you find these sites helpful!
American College of Surgeons
General information site covering the importance of surgery and other FAQ’s.
American Society of Peripheral Nerve
ASPN was established to stimulate and encourage study and research in the field of neural regeneration and clinical research in the field of peripheral nerve surgery
- American Society of Reconstructive Microsurgery
American Society of Plastic Surgeons
An in-depth look at the whole spectrum of plastic surgery procedures, from the foremost authority on cosmetic and reconstructive plastic surgery.
National Institutes of Health
An A-Z index of NIH health resources, clinical trials, health hotlines, MEDLINEplus, drug information, and more.
The world's leading source for trustworthy and timely health and medical news and information. Provides credible health information, supportive community, and educational services by blending award-winning expertise in content, community services, expert commentary, and medical review.
Features daily health news on a variety of useful topics. Includes some health information sorted by gender, age, and race.
Online Medical Dictionary of Medical Terms
Contains easy-to-understand explanations of over 15,000 medical terms.
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Data from animal experiments as well as observations on humans exposed in cotton cardrooms demonstrate that an invasion of neutrophils into the airways or the respiratory epithelium, is a primary response after exposure to cotton dust. Previous researchers have demonstrated that the mechanism for the neutrophil invasion is a secretion of leucotactic substances from alveolar macrophages. In vitro experiments with a Boyden chamber technique indicated that macrophages exposed to endotoxin increase the chemotaxis of blood neutrophils. After phagocytosis, neutrophils are known to secrete substances which activate platelets. The accumulation of neutrophils and activation of platelets at the site of cotton dust deposition will lead to the liberation of vasoactive and bronchoconstricting agents. These reactions are discussed as a possible mechanism behind the airway constriction and a feeling of chest tightness reported among persons exposed to cotton dusts. In the cardroom environment, these reactions are probably mediated by endotoxin, although other, as yet unidentified chemical compounds, may be present in amounts large enough to contribute to the reaction.
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Will CBD oil be banned? It won’t, because it’s a product made from hemp. Hemp has never been illegal to grow, provided you have a license, as it can’t be used recreationally. Hemp products are freely available whether as a CBD supplement, a pad of paper, or clothing. These products are becoming more popular because they’re eco-friendly. It’s therefore unthinkable that CBD oil will ever be made illegal.
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https://www.hempura.shop/knowledge/
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Congress has voted to enact a $741 billion defense policy bill over the objections of President Donald J. Trump, who vetoed the long-running annual legislation on Dec. 23.
The Senate overrode Trump’s veto 81-13 on New Year’s Day, following the House’s 322-87 vote on Dec. 28. Their rare bipartisan move greenlighted billions of dollars for troop pay, weapons programs, and military construction, plus hundreds of provisions directing how the military should spend that money and detailing reports due to Congress.
It’s the first time lawmakers have amassed the two-thirds majority needed in each chamber to overturn a Trump veto. Six senators—including Republicans David Perdue and and Kelly Loeffler, who both face runoff elections on Jan. 5 to keep their seats in Georgia—and 21 congressmen did not participate.
An unsuccessful attempt to tie passage of $2,000 pandemic aid checks to Americans also slowed the NDAA’s progress, but did not derail it entirely.
“Not only does this bill give our service members and their families the resources they need, but it also makes our nation more secure—pushing back against China and Russia, strengthening our cyber defenses, and accelerating innovation into the technologies that will keep our children’s children safe,” Sen. Jim Inhofe (R-Okla.), head of the Senate Armed Services Committee, said in a Jan. 1 release.
The Fiscal 2021 National Defense Authorization Act allows $740.5 billion in spending for the Pentagon and other national security programs through Sept. 30, 2021. Negotiations encountered hurdles due to the coronavirus, which prevented lawmakers from gathering in close quarters to discuss ideas like usual, as well as election-year politicking.
It hit last-minute challenges as Trump demanded Congress include an unrelated provision to end legal protections for social media companies. He also opposed the bill over its language to start the process of renaming military installations that honor Confederate icons, like Fort Bragg, N.C.
Enactment is a late win for the legislation that has now become law for 60 years running, and is touted as one of the most important bills Congress works on each year.
House Armed Services Committee Chairman Rep. Adam Smith (D-Wash.) called its support “a testament to the merits of this year’s bill.” That contrasts with the previous year’s NDAA that garnered unusually partisan votes because of disagreements over issues like nuclear weapons.
Trump’s 11th-hour opposition to the broadly popular bill threw a wrench into what is typically a smooth, if delayed, approval process. The President vetoed the NDAA hours before it would have automatically taken effect at midnight Dec. 24 without further action from the White House. That prompted a holiday scramble to nullify his decision, while also trying to lock in a $1.4 trillion appropriations bill for fiscal 2021 and $900 billion in coronavirus pandemic aid.
Trump signed the spending package into law Dec. 27 as a government shutdown loomed. The authorization and appropriations bills come three months into the fiscal year they enable.
Congress granted most of the Department of the Air Force’s $169 billion wish list. The omnibus appropriations language provides $32.8 billion for Active-duty Airmen, $33.5 billion for Active-duty operations and maintenance, $45.3 billion for procurement, and $36.4 billion for research and development in the base budget. The Space Force’s base budget includes $2.5 billion for O&M, $2.3 billion for procurement, and $10.5 billion for R&D.
The Overseas Contingency Operations budget provides millions more dollars for counterterrorism and other missions outside of the base account as well.
Getting both sets of legislation across the finish line dispels concerns about how lawmakers would move forward with unfinished business after the new Congress began Jan. 3. Work is already underway on the same bills for fiscal 2022, to be tackled by a Democratic White House and a House and Senate that are both narrowly split.
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https://www.airforcemag.com/congress-overturns-trumps-ndaa-veto-to-start-new-year/
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Many children never master fractions. When asked whether 12/13 + 7/8 was closest to 1, 2, 19, or 21, only 24% of a nationally representative sample of more than 20,000 US 8th graders answered correctly. This test was given almost 40 years ago, which gave Hugo Lortie-Forgues and me hope that the work of innumerable teachers, mathematics coaches, researchers, and government commissions had made a positive difference. Our hopes were dashed by the data, though; we found that in all of those years, accuracy on the same problem improved only from 24% to 27% correct.
Such difficulties are not limited to fraction estimation problems nor do they end in 8th grade. On standard fraction addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division problems with equal denominators (e.g., 3/5+4/5) and unequal denominators (e.g., 3/5+2/3), 6th and 8th graders tend to answer correctly only about 50% of items. Studies of community college students have revealed similarly poor fraction arithmetic performance. Children in the US do much worse on such problems than their peers in European countries, such as Belgium and Germany, and in Asian countries such as China and Korea.
This weak knowledge is especially unfortunate because fractions are foundational to many more advanced areas of mathematics and science. Fifth graders’ fraction knowledge predicts high school students’ algebra learning and overall math achievement, even after controlling for whole number knowledge, the students’ IQ, and their families’ education and income. On the reference sheets for recent high school AP tests in chemistry and physics, fractions were part of more than half of the formulas. In a recent survey of 2300 white collar, blue collar, and service workers, more than two-thirds indicated that they used fractions in their work. Moreover, in a nationally representative sample of 1,000 Algebra 1 teachers in the US, most rated as “poor” their students’ knowledge of fractions and rated fractions as the second greatest impediment to their students mastering algebra (second only to “word problems”).
Why are fractions so difficult to understand? A major reason is that learning fractions requires overcoming two types of difficulty: inherent and culturally contingent. Inherent sources of difficulty are those that derive from the nature of fractions, ones that confront all learners in all places. One inherent difficulty is the notation used to express fractions. Understanding the relation a/b is more difficult than understanding the simple quantity a, regardless of the culture or time period in which a child lives. Another inherent difficulty involves the complex relations between fraction arithmetic and whole number arithmetic. For example, multiplying fractions involves applying the whole number operation independently to the numerator and the denominator (e.g., 3/7 * 2/7 = (3*2)/(7*7) = 6/49), but doing the same leads to wrong answers on fraction addition (e.g., 3/7 + 2/7 ≠ 5/14). A third inherent source of difficulty is complex conceptual relations among different fraction arithmetic operations, at least using standard algorithms. Why do we need equal denominators to add and subtract fractions but not to multiply and divide them? Why do we invert and multiply to solve fraction division problems, and why do we invert the fraction in the denominator rather than the one in the numerator? These inherent sources of difficulty make understanding fraction arithmetic challenging for all students.
Culturally contingent sources of difficulty, in contrast, can mitigate or exacerbate the inherent challenges of learning fractions. Teacher understanding is one culturally-contingent variable: When asked to explain the meaning of fraction division problems, few US teachers can provide any explanation, whereas the large majority of Chinese teachers provide at least one good explanation. Language is another culturally-contingent factor; East Asian languages express fractions such as 3/4 as “out of four, three,” which makes it easier to understand their meaning than relatively opaque terms such as “three fourth.” A third such variable is textbooks. Despite division being the most difficult operation to understand, US textbooks present far fewer problems with fraction division than fraction multiplication; the opposite is true in Chinese and Korean textbooks. Probably most fundamental are cultural attitudes: Math learning is viewed as crucial throughout East Asia, but US attitudes about its importance are far more variable.
Given the importance of fractions in and out of school, the extensive evidence that many children and adults do not understand them, and the inherent difficulty of the topic, what is to be done? Considering culturally contingent factors points to several potentially useful steps. Inculcating a deeper understanding of fractions among teachers will likely help them to teach more effectively. Explaining the meaning of fractions to students using clear language (for example, explaining that 3/4 means 3 of the 1/4 units), and requesting textbook writers to include more challenging problems are other promising strategies. Addressing inherent sources of difficulty in fraction arithmetic, in particular understanding of fraction magnitudes, can also make a large difference.
Fraction Face-off!, a 12-week program designed by Lynn Fuchs to help children from low-income backgrounds improve their fraction knowledge, seems especially promising. The program teaches children about fraction magnitudes through tasks such as comparing and ordering fraction magnitudes and locating fractions on number lines. After participating in Fraction Face-off!, fourth graders’ fraction addition and subtraction accuracy consistently exceeds of children receiving the standard classroom curriculum. This finding was especially striking because Fraction Face-off! devoted less time to explicit instruction in fraction arithmetic procedures than did the standard curriculum. Similarly encouraging findings have been found for other interventions that emphasize the importance of fraction magnitudes. Such programs may help children learn fraction arithmetic by encouraging them to note that answers such as 1/3+1/2 = 2/5 cannot be right, because the sum is less than one of the numbers being added, and therefore to try procedures that generate more plausible answers. These innovative curricula seem well worth testing on a wider basis.
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