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Last Updated on January 31, 2022 by Sam
Labradors are a popular dog breed. They have a life expectancy of 12-14 years, which is comparable to other pure breeds like the Golden Retriever. The average lifespan in general for dogs ranges from 8-12 years and with today’s advancements in medicine and care they live longer than ever before.
The “How Long Do Lab Mixes Live” is a question that many people are interested in. The answer to the question is not one specific number, but it is estimated that lab mixes live for about 12 years. Read more in detail here: how long do lab mixes live.
Is 13 old for a Labrador?
A: This is a difficult question to answer. It depends on what you mean by old. If you are asking if 13 is old for a Labrador, then the answer is yes. However, if you are asking whether or not its old for a dog in general, then the answer would be no.
The “chocolate labrador” is one of the most popular breeds of dog. They are known for their intelligence, loyalty and ability to work with humans. Labs can live between 12-15 years old.
Watch This Video:
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Stefani A. Crabtree is Assistant Professor in Socio-Environmental Modeling in the Department of Environment and Society of the Quinney College of Natural Resources at Utah State University and the ASU-SFI Center for Biosocial Complex Systems Fellow at The Santa Fe Institute. She additionally holds external affiliation at three institutions: Research Associate at Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Fellow at the Centre de Recherches Interdisciplinaires Paris, and Research Associate at the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage. Her research applies complex systems science modeling methodologies (such as agent-based modeling and network science) to problems in social science and ecology. Current research topics include the human place in ecosystems worldwide, the ability to use the archaeological past to calibrate our understanding of human resilience, and the feedbacks between ecosystem health and human health. Crabtree has published in general science and disciplinary journals across social science and ecology, including PNAS, Ecological Modelling, American Antiquity, Physics Today, Human Ecology, Journal of Archaeological Science, and Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory. From 2016-2018 she was a post-doctoral researcher in the Human Environmental Dynamics laboratory at the Pennsylvania State University. Dr. Crabtree holds two Ph.D.s, one from Washington State University (Anthropology, 2016) and one from the Université de Franche-Comté (Maison des Sciences de l’Homme et l’Environnement, 2017).
Stefani grew up in the small town of Bend, Oregon, and before college had never set foot out of the continental United States. As an undergraduate she studied abroad in Paris, taking courses in Art History, Egyptology and the Archaeology of Islam at Paris Sorbonne Michelet. She was a Watson Fellow in 2004-2005, living in New Zealand, Samoa, India and Vietnam doing a multi-site ethnography on how women of indigenous cultures use traditional medicine in pregnancy and childbirth. In graduate school Stefani has been an NSF graduate research fellow and a Chateaubriand fellow.
Stefani is interested in how complexity science can help us understand the archaeological past. Follow her on twitter @StefaniCrabtree
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The cut-up technique (or découpé in French) is an aleatory literary technique in which a written text is cut up and rearranged to create a new text. The concept can be traced to at least the Dadaists of the 1920s, but was popularized in the late 1950s and early 1960s by writer William S. Burroughs. It has since been used in a wide variety of contexts.
The cut-up and the closely associated fold-in are the two main techniques:
Also in the 1950s, painter and writer Brion Gysin more fully developed the cut-up method after accidentally rediscovering it. He had placed layers of newspapers as a mat to protect a tabletop from being scratched while he cut papers with a razor blade. Upon cutting through the newspapers, Gysin noticed that the sliced layers offered interesting juxtapositions of text and image. He began deliberately cutting newspaper articles into sections, which he randomly rearranged. The book Minutes to Go resulted from his initial cut-up experiment: unedited and unchanged cut-ups which emerged as coherent and meaningful prose. South African poet Sinclair Beiles also used this technique and co-authored Minutes To Go.
Gysin introduced Burroughs to the technique at the Beat Hotel. The pair later applied the technique to printed media and audio recordings in an effort to decode the material's implicit content, hypothesizing that such a technique could be used to discover the true meaning of a given text. Burroughs also suggested cut-ups may be effective as a form of divination saying, "When you cut into the present the future leaks out." Burroughs also further developed the "fold-in" technique. In 1977, Burroughs and Gysin published The Third Mind, a collection of cut-up writings and essays on the form. Jeff Nuttall's publication My Own Mag was another important outlet for the then-radical technique.
In an interview, Alan Burns noted that for Europe After The Rain (1965) and subsequent novels he used a version of cut-ups: "I did not actually use scissors, but I folded pages, read across columns, and so on, discovering for myself many of the techniques Burroughs and Gysin describe".
In 1969, poets Howard W. Bergerson and J. A. Lindon developed a cut-up technique known as vocabularyclept poetry, in which a poem is formed by taking all the words of an existing poem and rearranging them, often preserving the metre and stanza lengths.
A precedent of the technique occurred during a Dadaist rally in the 1920s in which Tristan Tzara offered to create a poem on the spot by pulling words at random from a hat. Collage, which was popularized roughly contemporaneously with the Surrealist movement, sometimes incorporated texts such as newspapers or brochures. Prior to this event, the technique had been published in an issue of 391 in the poem by Tzara, dada manifesto on feeble love and bitter love under the sub-title, TO MAKE A DADAIST POEM.
A drama scripted for five voices by performance poet Hedwig Gorski in 1977 originated the idea of creating poetry only for performance instead of for print publication. The "neo-verse drama" titled Booby, Mama! written for "guerilla theater" performances in public places used a combination of newspaper cut-ups that were edited and choreographed for a troupe of non-professional street actors.
Kathy Acker, a literary and intermedia artist, sampled external sources and reconfigured them into the creation of shifting versions of her own constructed identity. In her late 1970s novel Blood and Guts in High School, Acker explored literary cut-up and appropriation as an integral part of her method.
Antony Balch and Burroughs created a collaboration film, The Cut-Ups that opened in London in 1967. This was part of an abandoned project called Guerrilla Conditions meant as a documentary on Burroughs and filmed throughout 1961–1965. Inspired by Burroughs' and Gysin's technique of cutting up text and rearranging it in random order, Balch had an editor cut his footage for the documentary into little pieces and impose no control over its reassembly. The film opened at Oxford Street's Cinephone cinema and had a disturbing reaction. Many audience members claimed the film made them ill, others demanded their money back, while some just stumbled out of the cinema ranting "it's disgusting". Other cut-up films include Ghost at n°9 (Paris) (1963–72), a posthumously released short film compiled from reels found at Balch's office after his death, and William Buys a Parrott (1982), Bill and Tony (1972), Towers Open Fire (1963) and The Junky's Christmas (1966).
From the early 1970s, David Bowie used cut-ups to create some of his lyrics. In 1995 he worked with Ty Roberts to develop a program called Verbasizer for his Apple PowerBook that could automatically rearrange multiple sentences written into it. Thom Yorke applied a similar method in Radiohead's Kid A (2000) album, writing single lines, putting them into a hat, and drawing them out at random while the band rehearsed the songs. Perhaps indicative of Thom Yorke's influences, instructions for "How to make a Dada poem" appeared on Radiohead's website at this time.
Stephen Mallinder of Cabaret Voltaire reported to Inpress magazine's Andrez Bergen that "I do think the manipulation of sound in our early days – the physical act of cutting up tapes, creating tape loops and all that – has a strong reference to Burroughs and Gysin." Another industrial music pioneer, Al Jourgensen of Ministry, named Burroughs and his cut-up technique as the most important influence on how he approached the use of samples.
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About this Course
Learn to write an academic paper that is clear, effective, that makes you look good, and that is well-received.
Academic writing is not about grammar. It's not about fancy words. It's not about memorizing information or showing off new fonts.
It's about effectively communicating a complex idea, and backing that idea up with facts and compelling arguments.
"But I have good ideas!", you protest. "But I still don't get good grades!!"
That's because you haven't learned how to package and sell your ideas to your reader. I was a straight A student before becoming a professional editor. I have spent the past 10 years mastering the art of academic writing. I know how to get good grades, I know what you need to do to get them too. And in this course, I show you.
"I am a graduate student," you sigh. "I don't need some class talking to me about grammar. I need someone who knows that I have ideas that need to get through."
I understand about ideas needing to get through. I am a published researcher, and professional scientific editor. I have edited 100s of manuscripts at every level in the fields of psychology, social science, linguistics, engineering, education... I know what this kind of writing is about. And I know how to make it "sell".
Academic writing is a strict, rules-based form of communication. In this course, I take you behind the scenes and into the mind of your professor (or TA) or referee board. I give you the tips and tricks that I have gained through my years of experience and that work.
I have jam-packed the information you need into a series of lectures, course notes, and quizzes. This course is compact: I give you the information you need to excel, no time-wasters.
The lectures, course notes, and quizzes are complimentary and contain all the information you need to take your academic writing to the next level.
Students who will benefit most:
college students/undergraduates who need to boost grades,
grad students who need to take their writing to the next level (i.e., finish dissertation and get published!)
This course is NOT a grammar course. If you are looking for a course to take you through the basics of English grammar and style, I don't do that here. If you are looking for a course to help you kick some academic butt, enroll right now.
I am assuming you have a basic knowledge of English grammar and sentence composition. These are essential to beginning to build a cohesive academic text
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Abs and traction control are important safety features in your Jeep. You might notice the abs and traction control light will pop up, and you might wonder why it comes?
If you want to know what it means when abs and traction control light on a jeep, then the article is for you. I will explain the reasons on the below sections.
What is ABS and traction control in a Jeep?
These are two different features of the Jeep but work as a safety feature. ABS is short for anti-lock brakes, a safety feature that prevents wheels from locking up when braking. Also, it ensures safety during a short-stop.
Traction control is a safety feature that prevents the vehicle from spinning out on slippery surfaces. This feature allows a jeep to take ultimate advantage of road surface available traction by avoiding or limiting the wheels from spinning.
Why would my traction control light and ABS light come on?
The traction control and ABS light often share the same module. When one of the features malfunctions, the light pops up. These warning lights do not mean anything serious by themselves. Still, they may indicate a more serious issue in the main braking system. So, when the light comes on, that means there is an issue with your jeep braking system.
Below are some possible reasons why traction control and abs light come on:
1. Faulty ABS or traction control module
As both ABS and traction control use the same module most of the time, if there are any issues with the module, the warning light pops up. It happens due to the abs or traction controller stopped working or having a brake system malfunction.
2. PCM issues
The PCM or central computer system helps the traction control to perform perfectly. If the traction control light appears and there is not any other issue in the physical component, then most of the time, the issue happens due to the central computer. However, it might get an error or need to be reprogrammed to solve the issue.
3. Fuse issues
The blown fuse is another common reason if the light is on in a jeep. Also, you will notice the Check Engine Light along with the ABS light for the blown-out fuse. The best way to find out the issue is to use the scanner.
4. Low tire pressure
The jeep sensors collect all data regarding the ABS and Traction Control System. When the sensor detects that one of your vehicle’s tires has low tire pressure, then ECU detects it as an abnormal speed. For this, it will send data to the control system, and eventually, the warning signal will appear.
5. Low fluid level
It is another reason why the abs and traction light come on. Even low fluid levels can lead to other serious issues with your vehicle. So, always try to maintain the vehicle recommended fluid level. If it still indicates the issue, then you need to check the leakage and seal it as soon as possible.
6. Sensors issues
The ABS light might come on due to a speed sensor failing. The problem might appear due to low brake fluid. Also, if there are any issues with the steering angle sensor, the problem will appear.
The steering angle sensor measures the steering wheel’s positions, rate, and angle. If the wiring has faced any issue, it also affects the traction control system and wheel, which provide wrong information in the computer, and the traction control light will illuminate.
7. Steering Rack issue
The steering rack allows the jeep control wheel easily. If they have any issue, then your Jeep will face hard to handling it in the rough terrain. If the traction control light illuminates, you should consider the parts for checking.
8. Bad Wheel Alignment
An unintentional bump might lose the alignment of your Jeep or if it encounters potholes or curbs. When it happens, the wheels will get low pressure, indicating the computer and the light will come on.
9. Dirt and Debris
Sometimes dirt and debris can get into your traction control system and create obstacles for performing properly. You might witness the warning light to go on and stay on for this. You can easily solve the issue by cleaning the system. However, it is better to contact a local mechanic to solve the issue.
10. Battery Voltage issue
Though the battery does not directly relate to those components, the traction control system will lose its normal operation due to low voltage abs. As those rely on ECU, they need the power to operate properly. The low battery voltage transfers wrong signals to both systems, and the warning light turns on.
11. Turned-off Traction Control and ABS
It may sound silly, but it will be the reason why the light comes on most of the time. You might turn off the system, or unwantedly it gets turned off. For this, the problem might appear. It will be better to check whether it is turned on or off.
How much does it cost to fix ABS and traction control?
It completely depends on which is the main reason for this issue. For example, if you have a jeep wrangler and want to change the ABS speed sensor, it will cost you around $131. The cost of the parts will only be $36, whereas the rest for the labor cost ( $95 ). Also, it will vary according to your location.
However, you need to spend around $60 to $1000 depending on the problems, location you live, and the mechanics you choose.
How do you reset the abs and traction control light on a Jeep?
Step 1: First, you need to disconnect the positive cable from your jeep battery. Then, press the brake to drain the Jeep’s electrical system. It will take the reset of the central computer. Now, plug the cable again, and if there are no problems in the system, this should reset the abs light.
Step 2: If the light comes back again, you need to change the sensor of the ABS. You need to unscrew the housing and unplug the wire. Then remove the old sensor and attach and mount a new abs sensor. Then, follow step 1 to reset it again.
Step 3: If the light still arrives, you should use an ODB code reader to diagnose the issue. For this, you can use the OBDII Code Reader Tool (https://www.amazon.com/MOTOPOWER-MP69033-Universal-Diagnostic-Protocol/dp/B07Z3HB7DR).
If the light is still on after resetting it, my recommendation will go to a local auto part store to solve the issue. First, they will inspect the issue, then take further steps.
Does the ABS sensor affect traction control?
Abs and traction control systems share the same module and internal self-diagnostic system most of the time. That means if one of the systems faces any issue, it surely affects the other one. Also, if one of the systems faces any issue, it is really hard to say which one is the main cause.
Is it safe to drive with ABS and traction light on?
If you are driving a car with ABS and traction light on, it is safe to drive. But, you need to be a little bit careful about it as those are directly connected with the braking system. So, it will be better to fix the issue before you drive the car again, or it will affect the entire braking system and lead to a costly fix.
Jeep has many different types of safety features that will keep you and your passengers safe among them, abs and traction control is so common. But, over time, you will face some issues with those. The light on is so common.
Many reasons likely cause the abs and traction control light on your Jeep. The article will help you to know more about this problem in detail.
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Traversing east about 30 minutes off the main road north out of Yirgacheffe township, one comes to the famous Idido mill (formerly Abdullah Bagersh’s Misty Valley) and then around the hillside to the very well-run Idido Cooperative. While still technically within the realm of the Yirgacheffe District, you are standing right on the border of an area called Repe. Continuing up the Komolcha Drainage to the northeast, you will find yourself atop the Benti-Gure Ridge. The altitudes here reach 3000 meters-- making them, in effect, the paramo of the entire Gedeo Zone. While coffee cannot grow that high, of course, along the flanks of this ridge there are trees producing at altitudes up to 2500 meters! This shocking statistic has been verified by altimeter. The Torea Station is located below the ridge and is the main catchment for farmers coming down along the drainage. This coffee has been prepared to a Grade 1 standard (meaning 0-3 defects per 300 gram sample).
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Get There is a statewide initiative spearheaded by the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) that helps commuters and employers shift work practices and transportation habits to reduce traffic and keep Oregon moving. Get There seeks to increase awareness about the value and benefits of commute options including: biking, walking, transit, carpool, vanpool, and remote work.
Get There offers tools, resources, and support for using transportation options in Oregon. Get There offers trip planning and ridematching services for carpools and vanpools through the Get There tool and organizes the annual Get There Challenge. In addition, Get There works with employers to use and promote commute options in the workplace.
Get There is funded by the Oregon Department of Transportation, Public Transportation Division, with funds from the Federal Highway Administration.
Yes, Get There is free to individuals and employers in Oregon.
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UFCW Canada has launched a new campaign demanding equity for First Nations children in Canada. As part of the campaign, Canada’s leading union is calling on Jane Philpott, the federal Minister of Indigenous Services, to address the flawed delivery and inadequate funding of health care, education, and other social services for First Nations children.
It has been 10 years since Cindy Blackstock and the Assembly of First Nations took the federal government to court, citing discrimination against Indigenous children in the delivery of social services and the implementation of Jordan’s Principle. Since then, the government has failed to comply with three non-compliance orders issued by the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal, while refusing to take effective remedial actions at the policy and program levels.
As a result, the situation for First Nations children remains grave in many parts of the country. UFCW Canada stands in solidarity with the First Nations Child and Family Caring Society (FNCFCS) in demanding justice for First Nations children in Canada. We encourage you to show your support for Indigenous youth by calling on the federal government to adequately fund health care, education, and other social services for First Nations children, and ensure that these services are delivered in a fair and equitable manner.
Pledge your support today by signing the letter below. Tell the federal government that Indigenous children deserve the same access to high quality social services as all other children in Canada.
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Abnormal Pap Smear HPV Test is a continually identified overture due to the reason that it is of interest when evaluating Active HPV Infection, Active HPV Virus, and After LEEP Procedure Is HPV Gone.
Someone could reinforce immunity and therefore typically establish resistance to an HPV infection in literally a matter of a couple of months, prior to the time that it can cause any major cervical injury. (Sneak Peak Book Review)
By any chance have you hitherto endured a runny nose? Maybe did you heal from the issue? Certainly you recovered! You cannot cure a cold itself, yet your system normally creates immunity to a particular cold infection within a couple of weeks. That is called treated by your personal immune response!
Can You Catch HPV
Adults have currently had a lot of the rhinitis viruses. Grownups have developed resistance to the colds they have had. So there are not numerous cold infections remaining for grownups to become infected with. That is why parents only get a couple of colds each year whereas youngsters usually get a dozen colds annually.
Assuming an individual does not do anything it might take a few years to generate immunity to HPV. If one takes the author's recommendations, it requires only a few months to generate resistance to HPV virus. The longer someone is infected with HPV virus, the more likely it could trigger cervical damage. So it is best to generate resistance and remove HPV virus when reasonable.
Cervical HPV Symptoms
This book sheds light on HPV problems, one of the most common STD infections in the United States, impacting over 20 million men and women. HPV virus triggers cervical dysplasia, cervical cancer cells, genital blemishes, plantar warts, losing unborn babies, inability to conceive as well as penile cancer cells.
Can A Pap Smear Detect HPV is a typical care in view of the fact that it is crucial when evaluating Can HPV, Can HPV 16 Be Cured, and Can HPV Be Cured.
Abnormal Pap Smear HPV Test
No matter just how this website entered into your possession. Just what is of concern is just how you make use of such data as thousands of others that have actually removed HPV virus.
You can reinforce the immune system and therefore generally create immunity to an HPV virus in only a matter of a couple of months, sooner than it could set up any kind of severe damage. (See Book Sneak Preview)
Can You Cure HPV If You Have It
Guess what many are claiming regarding this encouraging book: "I examined around the net as well as found several other women that had followed your advice efficiently. They are currently HPV virus FREE with typical Pap smears, and also they did not have any kind of surgical treatment and also they can still have children! Just what excitement!"
This publication provided me really hope! I should broaden my sources for researching this virus. When I found this publication by someone that picked an alternative kind for therapy of HPV, I had to buy it.
Cervical Cancer Without HPV
Could this be bothersome: Abnormal Pap Smear HPV Test?
One may strengthen the body's immune system and therefore generally create immunity to an HPV infection in literally as short of time as a few months, sooner than it could create any kind of major damage. (Selected Chapters of Book)
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Can You Ever Get Rid Of HPV - Can You Get Cervical Cancer Without HPV
"This easy-read publication gives legitimate encouragement to ladies diagnosed with HPV. I am so happy I read it several months earlier, because I appreciated her frankness as well as agree totally that human papilloma virus is an infection, not a moral judgment. Most current clinical tests reveal my severe dysplasia has vanished."
Abnormal Pap HPV Positive Colposcopy
"Thanks once again for writing this book, I am so pleased with it since without this book and your words of encouragement I might be totally without hope. Thanks!" (See Book Sneak Preview)
Conceivably have you formerly suffered through a cold? Maybe did you recover from the issue? Certainly you did! You can't heal a cold directly, nevertheless your immune system generally creates immunity to a particular cold virus within a couple of days. We call that cured by your personal immunity!
Can You Get HPV - Can You Get HPV From Fingers
No doubt you will possibly get another cold, due to the fact that there exist 300 different cold infections. But you will certainly never ever acquire the exact same runny nose virus that you had in the past due to the fact that you have created immunity to that cold virus.
Can You Get Rid Of HPV - Can You Get Rid Of HPV 16
Grownups have actually previously had a great deal of the cold viruses. Grownups have actually created resistance to the colds they have actually had. So there are not so many runny nose viruses remaining for parents to become infected with. That is why grownups only succumb to a few colds each year and kids succumb to a dozen runny noses each year.
Cervix Removal HPV
A person could enhance immunity and therefore generally establish resistance to an HPV infection in literally a matter of a few months, before it can make any kind of major damage. (Short Review of Book)
Can Oregano Oil Cure HPV is a commonly noted supplication considering that it appertains to Can U Cure HPV, Can U Get Rid Of HPV, and Can U Get Rid Of HPV Forever.
Most people become perplexed because they believe they have not created immunity to human papilloma virus merely due to the fact that they get infected again by a different strain of the more than 100 HPV viruses. Yet an individual can stay clear of future direct exposure as well as new human papilloma virus infections.
Can You Get Rid Of HPV For Good - Can You Get Rid Of HPV Forever
It does not matter just how this material entered your hands. Just what matters is exactly how you make use of such details as countless others that have actually removed HPV virus.
Abnormal HPV Test - Abnormal Pap HPV
What is Abnormal Pap Smear HPV Test?
Exactly what in the world is HPV virus? She remembers asking this question when she got the findings back from her gynecologist. She was ravaged, confused and also embarrassed. The writer had tons of concerns but she really did not enjoy the solutions she was getting. HPV, a sexually-transmitted problem that may bring about cervical cancer, is a lot more typical compared to what most usually think. She wrote this writing to help others get rid of HPV virus.
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Guess what individuals are saying regarding this encouraging book: "A number of the ladies claimed they figured out that their physicians had been advising this magic active ingredient for many years with excellent success for their clients with HPV virus and cervical dysplasia. And also this enabled them to prevent LEEP procedures as well as cryotherapy for the cervix just like you described in your book!"
A person could enhance the body's immune system and consequently generally establish immunity to an HPV virus in basically as short of time as a few months, sooner than it can trigger any major damage. (Book Review)
Can You See HPV - Can Your Body Fight Off HPV 16 And 18
"This easy to read book gives valid encouragement to females detected with human papilloma virus. I am so thankful I reviewed it a number of months earlier, because I valued her frankness and agree totally that human papilloma virus is a virus, not an ethical judgment. Latest medical examinations show my high grade dysplasia has actually disappeared."
Clear HPV Virus
What is Abnormal Pap Smear HPV Test?
"Thanks again for creating this book, I am so appreciative of it because without this publication as well as your words of encouragement I might be totally without hope. Thank you!" (Short Review of Book)
- Abnormal Pap Test HPV.
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- About HPV Virus.
Perchance have you once been down with acute rhinitis? Possibly did you recover from the cold? Naturally you survived it! You can't heal a cold itself, yet your body typically establishes resistance to a particular cold virus within several days. We call that treated by your own immune system!
And sure you will most likely cave in to an additional runny nose virus, because there are several hundred various runny nose viruses. However you will certainly unlikely acquire the exact same cold virus that you had previously since you have actually created immunity to it.
Human papilloma virus is similar since HPV is simply an additional viral infection. Therefore you could normally establish immunity to HPV. However, human papilloma virus is much better at evading your body's immune system than are the runny nose viruses. Moreover you should work a little harder to develop immunity to HPV virus.
One could strengthen the immune system and consequently typically establish resistance to an HPV infection in literally a matter of a few months, prior to the time that it could establish any significant infection. (Book Review)
Cervical Cancer HPV Treatment - Cervical Cancer HPV Types
Most individuals become confused and believe they have not developed immunity to HPV just because they become infected once more by another type of the more than 100 HPV infections. Yet one may prevent future exposure and also new human papilloma virus problems.
Clearing HPV Naturally
No matter just how this book got involved in your hands. Just what is of concern is how you use such details as hundreds of others that have actually removed human papilloma virus.
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On July 8, 1853, American Commodore Matthew Perry led his four ships into the harbor at Tokyo Bay, seeking to re-establish for the first time in over 200 years regular trade and discourse between Japan and the western world.
Keeping this in consideration, how did Matthew Perry Trip to Japan impact Japan?
July 8, 1853: Commodore Matthew Perry arrived in Japan, demanding a treaty with Japan that protected American sailors, opened Japanese ports to U.S. ships, and allowed trade between the two countries. March 1854: Commodore Perry returned to Japan to receive Japan's answer to a treaty.
One may also ask, what was the impact of Matthew Perry's journey to Japan in 1853?
Then, in 1853, the American Commodore Matthew Perry forced Japan to trade with the West under threat of naval bombardment. Kimonos, fans, and especially woodblock prints by the great Japanese artists flooded European markets. These Japanese goods had a particularly profound impact on the arts.
What was the significance of Commodore Matthew Perry expedition to Japan?
The expedition was commanded by Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry, under orders from American President Millard Fillmore. Perry's primary goal was to force an end to Japan's 220-year-old policy of isolation and to open Japanese ports to American trade, through the use of gunboat diplomacy if necessary.
Why did America want Japan?
The United States wanted to control Japan so we could help rebuild the country and its economy. We felt rebuilding Japan and its economy would help to keep Japan from becoming a communist nation. In the 1850s, the United States wanted to trade with Japan.
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Financial Planning & Advice is the cornerstone of our business. Financial Planning is a step by step process, which starts with asking the question what are your financial goals? As your Financial Advisor we will assess where you are currently at and help you put a plan in place to bridge the gap from your current financial situation to achieving your financial goals. Reviewing the financial plan regularly will ensure your objectives are being met and that any change in circumstances can be planned for.
At Donnellan & Co. we want to help our Clients manage their personal finances better, have a better understanding of financial products and above all achieve financial independence and security. All financial advice is Independent and Unbiased.
Financial Planning is important to achieve life goals, but it is also important because nobody knows what life will present. One thing is certain however, without a financial plan the quality & security of your lifestyle & income are at risk. The following are some examples of financial risks, which can be minimised by financial planning:
We all need a financial plan, whether you have just started your family or you are planning to retire soon, it is never too early or too late to start your Financial Plan. The ages chosen below are representative and obviously each individual case will be different.
At this stage of life a person is starting out financially. It may be the first time a regular income is being earned. Various financial needs must be addressed, such as college loans, credit card debt, health insurance options and whether all tax reliefs are being claimed (i.e. rent relief). Life goals need to be established and a financial plan to meet these goals put in place. The goal may be to save a deposit for a property or saving for a Master’s Degree. Unless the goal is planned for, the financial means to achieve the goal may not be met.
At this stage of life many financial needs become evident. You may wish to purchase your first home or a bigger property to make room for the new arrival. Protecting your income and your wealth becomes more important. Saving for your children’s education may be a need that enters your mind.
Anyone with children will at some stage see them move on to start their own life of independence. At this stage parents begin to focus on their own needs again. Are there adequate funds for a comfortable retirement? Can more funding be made? What goals do you still want to achieve and what financial needs are required to achieve these? Do you want to travel? Perhaps you have a family business that you wish to transfer to your children?
Are there adequate funds for a comfortable retirement? Can more funding be made? What goals do you still want to achieve and what financial needs are required to achieve these? Are funds required for health/medical expenses? Will there be a need for long term care / home help and how will this be provided for financially? Have you made a will and have the taxation consequences of passing on assets been addressed?
Only with a Financial Plan can you achieve your financial goals and minimise financial risk, unless of course you win the lotto.
Contact our financial advisor and financial planners today to book your initial consultation at our expense.
Advanced Financial Planning Limited T/A Donnellan & Co is regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland.
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Start with the top row, writing 0 above the first square. Write a new number above each square until you get to the last square, which should be number 9. Repeat with the left side of the grid. Each square will receive a number from the top and side rows, which represents the final digit of the score for each time.
How to set up a football pool sheet?
- There are many variations on the theme, but here’s an illustrated example of one easy, popular way to set up a football pool sheet using 100 squares : Start by setting up a grid on a sheet of paper. Divide it into 10 squares across, and 10 squares down, for a total of 100 squares. Gather your friends to fill in their names in the blank boxes.
- 1 How do you read a football pool grid?
- 2 How do you explain a football pool?
- 3 What are the best numbers to have in a football pool?
- 4 How do you use Football Squares?
- 5 How do you do a 10 square football pool?
- 6 How do you do a 50 square football pool?
- 7 How does a score change pool work?
- 8 What are the odds of winning the pools?
- 9 What is most common football score?
- 10 How many points do you need to win football pools?
- 11 How do you draw numbers on football squares?
- 12 Is there an app for football squares?
How do you read a football pool grid?
A winner will be determined at the end of the 1st quarter, 2nd quarter, 3rd quarter, and Final Game score. The winner is determined by looking at the last number in each teams’ score, and then matching those numbers on the grid and seeing which square intersects those two numbers.
How do you explain a football pool?
A pool consists of 10 vertical columns and 10 horizontal rows thatched together and numbered from zero to nine. One Super Bowl team—in this year’s case either the Chiefs or 49ers—gets the columns and the other gets the rows. Each of the 100 squares inside are purchased individually. Each square is priced equally.
What are the best numbers to have in a football pool?
While the 0-0 square is the best to have early on, the chances of winning in a particular slot change throughout the game. 19.1% of first quarters end with the 0-0 box winning, 20.9% end wither 7-0 or 0-7, and 16.4% end 3-0 or 0-3. If you have those values, your chances get worse every single quarter.
How do you use Football Squares?
At the end of every quarter, the person whose square corresponds with the intersection of the second digit of each team’s score wins a prize (for example, a 14–7 score at the end of the first quarter pays out the owner of the square at row 4, column 7).
How do you do a 10 square football pool?
To run this pool, have the participants write their name on the line or lines of their choice. Once the 10 lines are filled up you will randomly draw the numbers 0-9 placing them in the boxes on the grid. To determine the winners you will add both team’s scores together and use the last digit of the total.
How do you do a 50 square football pool?
Sell each square for a set dollar amount until all squares are full, a player may buy as many squares as they wish. Once the player pays for the squares they are to write their name in the squares of their choice. If you feel 50 squares is too few or too many check out our 25 square grid and 100 square grid.
How does a score change pool work?
Every Score Pays (Even Extra Points) Whoever holds the square matching the final score receives any remaining balance in the pool. If there are more than 20 score changes, the pool stops paying out.
What are the odds of winning the pools?
The Pools came third with a one in 639,685 chance, while sports betting came second with odds of one in 247,596. And the winner? National Bingo, which links hundreds of bingo clubs across the country twice daily. It’s odds of making a million are one in 200,000.
What is most common football score?
Quick Answer: What is the Most Common Football Score? The most common scoreline is 1-0 for either side, with over 16% of Premier League games and more than 18% of Championship games ending with a one-nil victory.
How many points do you need to win football pools?
Each Line in an Entry which totals 20 points or more will be entered into a Monthly Draw to win a Monthly Prize.
How do you draw numbers on football squares?
The easiest way to draw is to place the numbers 0 through 9 in a hat and draw them out one at at time, writing the top row of numbers first, working your way from left to right. Place the numbers back in the hat and draw again for the left column, working from top to bottom.
Is there an app for football squares?
In its simplest form GamePool offers you a quick, efficient and automated alternative for drawing 100 squares on a piece of paper and getting squares allocated to each participant. The app is flexible and can be used for just what you need.
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Finding mortgage finance will be the biggest challenge for amateur landlords in future, according to broker Private Finance.
It warned that the buy-to-let market faces a series of threats, including the cut in higher rate tax relief, the stamp duty increase and the outlook for house prices and yields.
The European Mortgage Credit Derivative (MCD) may also have a negative impact.
Private Finance said these factors are unlikely to dampen the market altogether and buy-to-let remains attractive to investors.
It said investors in a typical commuter town could still generate a potential 62% return on capital if the investment is held for at least five years with a fixed rate mortgage at 3.6%.
Simon Checkley, managing director of Private Finance, said buy-to-let still remains viable even if house prices grow less than 5% a year.
“These figures assume the tax relief reduction and stamp duty hike so the short-term returns could look more attractive if you complete a purchase before 1 April 2016 when the increased stamp duty will apply.”
Checkley said that loss of higher rate tax relief and the increase in stamp duty on the market pose a problem but were not necessarily deal breakers.
“There are still opportunities in this market if an investor makes a sound purchase subject to other underlying economic factors.
“Understandably, many landlords are claiming they will lose considerable sums of money as a result of these changes. However this does beg the question of the true viability of their original investment.”
Checkley said it can be difficult in London because high house prices mean yields remain relatively low.
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In Thai markets, meat is often sold in the open air. No refrigeration. Sometimes the vendor moves a small broom to frighten the flies. But there is no problem as meat is boiled and used in some meals like soup noodles.
Similar outdoor butcher shops can be found in Hong Kong wet markets.
Meat dried in the sun ("NEUA DET DIAW" - เนื้อแดดเดียว) and ("SAI KROK" - ใส้กรอก) are famous in Isan area. Dog meat can be found in some towns of Northeast area, especially in Sakhon Nakhon.
Fishes are also sold in open air. Sometimes no ice to refrigerate them. Anyway fishes are always fresh. Fishes stay in a bowl filled with water before being killed.
Big seafood markets such as Mahachai in Samut Sakhon Province allows getting cheaper and fresh goods directly from the fishing boats.
For big family gathering or village events, Thai people purchase directly in such big markets allowing huge and fresh choice.
In "ISAN" area markets, it is possible to eat bugs like scorpions, grasshoppers, larva, beetles and even sometimes dogs. These days, farmers are making more by harvesting lice than rice.
Now Bangkok residents also appreciate eating bugs. Canned grasshoppers, locusts, water beetles, crickets, silkworm pupae and ant eggs are available at the supermarket. Bangkok residents think of bugs as a healthy, low-calorie treat.
Many people buy meals in the markets such as soup, curry dish, grilled meat and eat at home.
All famous vegetables, i.e coriander ("PHAK CHI" - ผักชี), ginger ("KING" - ขิง), galingale ("KA" - ข่า), green lemons ("MANAO" - มะหนาว) that highlights the Thai taste can be bought in markets.
Flowers are also sold on local markets for people willing to go to Buddhist temples and offer flowers to Buddha.
In Thai cars, there are often Buddhist amulets, King Rama 5 amulets or flowers garlands as it is supposed to bring luck while driving and to avoid accidents.
In Thai markets, there is always a shop selling delicious biscuits or crackers.
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This interesting surname of English origin is a locational name from places called Kingsford in Devon, Essex, Warwickshire, meaning "the King's ford", and Kingsford in Worcester meaning "the ford of Cena's people". The surname dates back to the late 12th Century, (see below). Further recordings include one John de Kyngesford (1221), "The Assize Rolls of Warwickshire". Church records include one Grace Kingsford who married John Reynell on July 13th 1609, at Winkleigh, Devon. Guilielmus Kingsford was christened on May 15th 1645, at St.Martin in the Fields, Westminster, and Sarah Kingsford married James Beane on March 29th 1674, at St. Pancras, Soper Lane, London. William Kingsforde married Elizabeth Allwood at St. Dunstan in the East, London, on October 2nd 1690. Mrs Anna Kingsford (1846-1888), doctor of medicine and a religious writer; nee Bonus; married Algernon Godfrey Kingsford, vicar of Atcham, Shropshire, 1867; wrote stories in the "Penny Post" 1868-1872; practised in London and published miscellaneous works between 1863-1881. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Edwin de Kingesford, which was dated 1185, Templars, Essex, during the reign of King Henry 11, "The Builder of Churches", 1154 - 1189. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was known as Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing variants of the original spelling.
© Copyright: Name Origin Research 1980 - 2022
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The year 2000 came and went. Where did design go? As sad as it sounds, not terribly far. It was a year of trendiness, inspiration, imitation, and the imitation of inspired trendiness. What we can take away from the past year in digital design is the knowledge that the new medium is still deep in its early discovery phase.
Y2K (for lack of a shorter term) was going to change everything. Flying cars, artificial intelligence, talking toasters – this was our supposed fate. So where’s our Jetsons lifestyle? Maybe Y3K would have been a more practical projection!
It’s 11 p.m. Does your Mom know where you are?#section2
The web is now recognized as a permanent fixture in our society. It’s now a medium for designers, technologists, and shoppers alike. The term “web designer” no longer carries such ominous tones to our non-technical friends, but rather shows that we are a legitimate workforce: part of the “cutting edge” of our information society. You can now tell mom and dad you’re a web designer, and they have some vague notion of what that means. They still have no clue how you can spend a solid 18 hours sitting in front of a computer working, but one miracle at a time, right?
Y2K provided an era where technology would be felt everywhere (including Wall Street) and in everything (like your favorite *cough* WAP enabled cell phone). It was prophesied that a new millennium meant that a new (digital) lifestyle would follow. Indeed, technology was touted as a catalyst for social betterment, a liberator from the inefficiencies of the physical world.
Design in your face#section3
Sooner or later, this technology and supposed lifestyle would need a face, and the task of creating that face trickled down to the design community.
As designers and technologists, we have embraced the web wholeheartedly and are committed to taking it to higher levels of sophistication, visualization, and interaction. We have gladly accepted the challenge of building a face for the glorious new technologies bestowed upon us.
Unfortunately, our attempts have remained relatively shallow. In some ways it makes sense that a smooth, pixellated, techno-style interface should be mapped to our new technologies. But you still have to wonder what other forms our technological face could have taken had we thought a little more progressively.
This is not to say that we have failed at every attempt in visualizing the bits of data into memorable and unique experiences. Innovative technologies, interaction techniques, and visual styles have emerged that challenge the medium and have created new insights into what is possible. We now need to go beyond the building blocks, and complete the foundation of our medium.
A poster child among us#section4
The phrase “Shockwave Flash” became the designer’s poster child in Y2K. Anyone who called him/herself a designer seemed to be touting Flash’s wonderful solutions to clients (“How about a Flash intro! That would be cool!!”). Flash not only became more accepted as a robust delivery platform, it also sported an install-base unparalleled by any comparable browser plug-in. This meant that in Y2K, more people had access to Flash content than ever before. However, with some good comes some bad (more on that later). Higher bandwidth in the domestic market also greatly aided in Flash’s acceptance and the acceptance of larger file sizes overall.
For web designers, Flash is a household name, but at least one study has found that most uses of Flash on the web do not consider the three most important aspects of an interactive experience: graphic design, content, and usability. Combine this misuse with an obsession to fit into the trends of design, and we have ourselves a cornucopia of websites caught at the fork in the road. The nearest street sign reads: “This way to aesthetic trendiness,” and “That way to a usable interface.”
Flash in the pan?#section5
Does this mean all sites using Flash were unsuccessful? Heck no! Y2K in review produced some designers and web agencies that have realized Flash is only part of a toolkit and not the only tool required to build a successful website. This wisdom has allowed for some of the most innovative uses of the web medium we have ever seen – truly trendsetting projects that break through the mediocrity.
Further to this point, these designers and agencies have paved a new road that has influenced design on the net in Y2K and beyond. They have done this by using Flash along with a mix of dynamic content and the programming languages that we used to build sites before Flash was around. It’s no mystery that the best sites use the right technology for the right job – not the latest technology for every job.
Trends worth following#section6
These sites not only obey the fundamentals, but also have spawned off similar sites exploiting the trends created by the originals. We are not saying that these examples laid down the law. We all know that pure originality is not common, and is often not the best way to approach things that involve somewhat ritualistic activities (like using the web).
It’s not always good to invent your own set of icons for your site and decide that the “x” button will be the open window feature. Nor is it a great idea to create pop-up windows for every page of your site. Fitting into an accepted framework for communication while pushing the frontier is a noble challenge, and these sites do it with style.
We have identified 15 sites broken into three categories (design portals, design resources, and design shrines) that spearheaded some of the trends, innovations, and inspiration of Y2K.
Where innovation meets imitation#section7
Now one of the largest sources of information and inspiration for the design community, K10K gives to the design community what the 10 o’clock news gives to television. Housed in a cute and pixel-style interface, K10K refuses to give up in its quest for hourly visitation from all its followers. For those who like to stay up-to-speed, but hate to put effort into getting there, bookmark this site and visit any time you need your design fix.
All personal involvement aside, Surfstation is K10K gone section-crazy. From articles on music, to interviews with today’s hottest designers, Surfstation never lets up on the content side of things. It’s all conveyed with an extremely hard-edged, in-your-face aesthetic, making Surfstation among the rulers of design portals currently on the market.
Once the king (or queen as it were) in the design community, Shift was among the first major online design magazines to bless our monitors. Still hanging around with some of the biggest names in the community, Shift brings in content and style from its own perspective. The Japanese-based design site has history and reputation on its side, and also continues to put out amazing offline merchandise, such as the Gasbook series and the IMG SRC 100 book. There’s always something worth checking out at Shift, making its place on this list more required than selected.
There’s something to be said about a calendar as an interface. The true translation of things happening gradually over time, Praystation shows how giving your all over several months can begin to add up to more than even its creator could have imagined. Needless to say that enthusiasm converts to the end-users rather easily. You can never guess when/what to expect from Joshua, but you know it will be noteworthy and fun to take in. The sheer amount of “content” in his collection alone gives it enough merit to be among the top sites in our medium.
05. Holodeck 73
The simpler take on getting the word out seems to be the mantra over at Holodeck. Manned by a single designer, and always updated with variations on a theme, H73 works best as the quick reference to new and fresh content on the net. It’s amazing that after all the redesigning and revisiting that has gone into this site, all the content still fits on one page. There’s something to be said about keeping information simple, and H73 says it well.
The software companies making the programs we use to create most of our work have finally realized it’s not product info their customers seek, but rather, content! Forget putting your products at the center of your online experience. We already KNOW why we love your software. Show us what can be done with it, and what others are doing. That is the hint that Adobe took when creating its new site. With designer spotlights, tips and tricks, reviews, etc., Adobe has upped the ante on what graphical software websites should be about.
Sequentially, Macromedia appeared to have jumped ship along with Adobe, and moved away from the software-centric content foundation. With Shockwave on its side, Macromedia’s site is able to reach into the use of Flash in a proprietary manner. When you’re the creator of the technology your viewers have learned to design with, it’s important to set the standard. Macromedia – as a company and a website – achieves this well. With simple, smooth animation and interaction throughout, Macromedia ranks among the top informative and immersive commercial sites online today.
Every tool imaginable – along with every shareware program created by man – is available for you to download at Download.com. Okay, so they don’t have EVERY bit of required software in the designer’s toolkit, but it sure seems like it. And really, didn’t you all pay for your copies of Photoshop anyway?
You type in keywords, it spits out more information than you can shake a stick at. Google took a simple idea and improved on it – provide a search tool for the non-technical folks that also satisfies the gear-heads among us. It’s a content gold mine for designers and programmers alike. Even the way Google presents its results lets you know their developers thought about the end user before they started pounding code. Ugly but extremely usable.
Everyone knows about Ebay. The world’s largest auction lives online, and has everything you would ever need. The absurd, the hard-to-find, the new and cool: all of it lives (for purchase) in this ominous domain. Design-wise, it is purely ugly (just like Google), which hasn’t seemed to slow it down any. While you won’t find inspiration in its visual presentation, you just might in all the amazing stuff it has to offer, from melted doll heads to fine Scandanavian furnishings.
A little bit Tokyo, a little bit New York City. Kioken has laid enough influence upon the community to build an amphitheater. From color use to new ways of interacting with content, Kioken has pushed the boundary between personal and commercial just enough for others to follow. They may not have invented the click-and-drag interface, but they did revolutionize the boundary between what clients will and will not pay for. Their own client list is also worthy of great industry envy, and each new launch is a major undertaking. They most assuredly take themselves seriously, and it shows.
02. Yigal Azrouel
Is it just a coincidence that you can rearrange the second name in the title and get a slang spelling of Arousal (Arouzel)? At any rate, the mixture of subtle color-shifts, cute and finicky line work, and next-level interactivity place this fashion site high on our list of contenders. Something about a nicely shot photograph just leaves enough resonance to affect the rest of the page it resides on. It might not be a site you visit on a daily basis, but that doesn’t stop this domain from being branded into your creative mind.
03. Mono Crafts
Okay, we all have come to know and love the Mono Crafts site. It’s a great blend of design, functionality, and interface toy. Whether or not you leave this site with a message on global warming is irrelevant. The best thing you can take away from this experience is the “how did they do that” factor. You might also leave with a satisfaction of being rewarded by the interface for the time you spent interacting with it.
Bradley Grosh is what we like to call an overachiever. One look at the level of involvement evident in each of his projects shows you that he doesn’t stop until he’s gone too far. Let it be noted that he also refuses to trim the excess fat off the meat of his concepts. For that we honor and enjoy each and every gram of the Gmunk experience, unconditionally.
Another overachiever has to be Mike Young, the man behind the man at Vir2l in Washington D.C. Now in its “Phourth” iteration, Designgraphik continues to shift farther and farther from the idea of a navigational interface. If the scale of the current version’s layouts weren’t so grand, we might wonder why this stuff isn’t animating more. The projects this time around come off as wall-hanging artworks with scattered movements laid on top of them. Whatever the classification, Mike’s work is nose-bleeding-edge, high caliber, and eye-soothing for those looking for inspiration.
Honorably mentionable trendworthy observations#section11
Swooshes; running-man logotypes; 45-degree angles, molecule-like logos; ultra-generic fonts (which can look good if you get them just right); dynamic drop-down menus (à la Microsoft); full screen colored gradients; horizontal scrolling (Kioken, Bionic Arts, etc.); undersized screen fonts (K10K); use of the phrase “Customer Experience” ; Jakob Nielsen; omitting vowels (as in: “i cnt rd ths txt wtht th dmn vwls…r myb ts rdbl ftr ll?” … and the list goes on.
These elements can be effective in design, when used correctly. However, when they are used on countless sites, without regard to appropriateness, they start to lose their luster in a way that muddies the original intent (which in all cases is to deliver information, not hide it). This is what we saw a lot of in Y2K – overuse to the point of shamelessness.
Breaking up is hard to do#section12
The most overused trends in Y2K can be counted on two hands. The sheer velocity at which the web changes doesn’t allow a trend to last long. For a trend to last more than a few months – or years, for that matter – is rare. One thing is certain: just like trends in the fashion and music industries, trends and imitation in web design will proliferate and cycle through yet another year.
Hopefully, in the remainder of 2001, we will start to see more unique styles like those of Evil-Pupil and the graceful motion graphics of Metaphrenie become a standard for a new style of presentation: one that incorporates video as well as text and animation. Along with a strong drive for the aesthetic, we expect to see the “talk of usability” become the “walk of usability,” in which developers build notably usable products that look like they’ve come from the hands of an artist and engineer rather than from the murky waters of business development. We can expect that the cowboys and wranglers on the web will wrestle with these new challenges and again push the frontier further out.
It’s the choice to use a certain technique or look because it’s appropriate, rather than because it’s cool or edgy, that defines many of the great sites we have mentioned here. Their concepts are clear, unique, and backed up by great content and an easy-to-use interface. We hope to see 2001 bring forward many more mind-blowing projects that solve problems and entertain us while using these sound principals.
To all the trendsetters: “We salute you!” Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery.
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If you have been researching a lot about dental implants, chances are you have come across what is known as bone grafting. Dental bone grafting is a pretty common procedure that is required to strengthen your jaw bone. Your jaw must be strong and capable enough to act as a foundation for your dental implants in Melbourne. During the initial consultation, a dental professional will assess the present condition of your jaw and tell you if bone grafting is needed. The procedure is carried out using a synthetic or human bone. The following reasons explain why bone grafting might be required for you:
The first and foremost reason why bone grafting is required is a receding jawbone. When you are considering dental implants, you will have to opt for a bone graft first. Bone grafting has the ability to put an end to the loss of your jawbone. Loss of jaw bone usually occurs as a result of missing teeth. So, if your jaw line appears to be weak, that’s mostly because it doesn’t have sufficient bone density. This problem can be easily resolved with dental bone grafting. After this procedure is implemented, your jawbone will be restored soon.
Dental implants in Melbourne are strong and effective. But in order for them to work efficiently, your jawbone must be sturdy. Bone grafting is done by taking the cartilage from a different part of your body. This allows your jaw bone to grow stronger and denser, so much so that it becomes a great support for your tooth implants. This is why a dental professional recommends bone grafting when they find out that you don’t have sufficient jaw bone density.
Bone grafting is not just suggested for those interested in tooth implants in Melbourne. If you are looking to get dentures, a healthy jawline is applicable for this treatment as well. Dentures are yet another popular dental treatment that can replace multiple teeth, especially for the elderly. In order to get the best results from this treatment, a patient must have a strong jaw bone. If this isn’t the case, bone grafting is recommended. As a result, you will get the right results with your dentures.
When gum diseases become severe, it can damage the bones in the socket of your tooth. Eventually, your tooth will fall out. In order to prevent this situation, get the assistance of a dental professional who offers the right treatment for gum diseases. Bone grafting will be provided right after, so that the bone will be restored in the sockets. This helps preserve your teeth and prevent further damage in the future.
As mentioned earlier, bone grafting is not a mandatory procedure. Get in touch with a dental professional to know about the dental implants cost in Melbourne and if a bone graft is necessary for you.
Though the dental implants function like the natural teeth, they are not easily vulnerable to tooth decay like the natural tooth. However, this does not mean that the dental implants Melbourne, requires less maintenance. Instead it requires similar care like that of natural teeth. These dental implants should be kept plaque free twice a day by means of brushing and flossing. Also, it is essential to clean the mouth after every meal by gently brushing on all sides of the implant.
Now that you have spent a reasonable amount on the dental implants cost Melbourne, it is important that you understand everything about taking good care of your implants to increase its lifespan. This will help you avoid any possible damage to the implants.
Yes! Dental implants are considered to be as revolution in modern dentistry due to its high success rate than other teeth replacement options. The dental implants Melbourne mimic the function of natural teeth which allows you to speak, eat, and smile confidently. There is no better choice than dental implants when it comes to replacing a missing tooth.
Dental implants are the artificial tooth roots that offer permanent base for replacement teeth. It is the only teeth replacement option that replaces the root of missing tooth. This is one of the reasons why dental implants costs Melbourne are higher than bridges and dentures. When compared to dentures, bridges and crowns, dental implants are a popular and effective long-term solution for people who suffer from missing teeth, failing teeth or chronic dental problems. Since teeth implants fit, feel and function like natural teeth, they are quickly becoming a new standard in tooth replacement. Speak to your dentist about the dental implants costs Melbourne.
So, what makes dental implants make comfortable and secure? It is the medical-grade titanium fixture that makes dental implants completely secure and feels natural. Yes, once the implants are inserted, it naturally fuses with jawbone, through a process called osseointegration, to form a sturdy foundation to hold the replacement teeth. This union forms a strong and durable anchor for your new teeth, meaning there’s no slippage or other movement. There are also no problems eating with dental implants, no need to repair them regularly and no more worrying about smiling freely and openly.
Dental implants consist of three parts including:
With cheap dental implants Melbourne, you can replace a single tooth, multiple teeth or a full upper and/or lower set of teeth. If you need to restore a full arch, you can opt for all-on-4 dental implants. The dentist will place four implants and then attach a full arch of teeth, giving the procedure its name.
Although dental implants are permanent, it still needs to be maintained well to increase its lifespan. There are several factors that affect the success rate of dental implants and here are they:-
It is a major factor that significantly affects the success of implants surgery. Smoking delays the healing process which eventually leads to implants failure. So, it is advisable to stop smoking before, during, and after the procedure.
It is important to maintain good oral hygiene as a part of post implant surgery care. Brushing, flossing and rinsing regularly will help reduce the chances of an infection developing and compromising the integrity of your implant.
How you eat after implant surgery plays a role in your implant’s integration as well. Keeping a healthy, well-balanced diet is also good for your overall health, and will aid in the healing process.
Dental Implants! Although there are different teeth replacement options, dental implants are considered to be the gold standard for teeth replacement. Why? Dental implants are the next best thing to your natural teeth.
A missing tooth affects not only your appearance but also your oral health. Besides, implants can also be used to create bridges, as well as enhance retention in patients with dentures. Multiple dental implants can also be used if you are missing multiple, which make it a versatile tooth-replacement option. This is why the Dentist in Melbourne suggests replacing missing teeth with dental implants. No matter if you are missing one or several teeth, here are a few reasons why you need to choose dental implants over other options:-
With the cheap dental implants Melbourne you can get a natural, radiant smile. Dental implants are designed to mimic the natural tooth. Yes, just like your natural teeth, the implant forms a solid foundation with the jawbone to secure the new replacement teeth. As it is anchored to the rest of your teeth, the crown will look and feel like your natural teeth. So, you can smile with complete confidence because dental implants are indistinguishable from your natural teeth.
When compared to other teeth replacement options, dental implants can withstand for a long period. They are a truly reliable and permanent solution for restoring the smile to a better state. Being made from titanium, a biocompatible material, it is durable and can last a lifetime. While dentures and bridges need to be replaced over time, dental implants will never have to be replaced if properly cared for.
Unlike dentures that deteriorate your jawbone over time, dental implants preserve the jawbone. It is the teeth that support your jawbone. When a tooth is lost, the jawbone where the tooth used to be is left with nothing to support. Hence, there is no longer stimulation. As a result, the bone starts to shrink over time and gives you an old appearance. This is one of the reasons why you need to replace missing teeth as early as possible.
As the implants are anchored into the jawbone and fuses naturally, it stimulates the bone and preserves the jawbone quality.
Implants require less maintenance when compared to bridges and dentures. All you have to do is brush, floss, and rinse daily to increase the lifespan of your implants. However, just because dental implants are an artificial tooth, it doesn’t mean you don’t have to care for them. Poor dental hygiene can lead to infection around the gum tissue and implant failure. The dental implants cost is a significant investment, and if you want to protect it, maintenance is crucial.
Are you ready to replace your missing teeth with dental implants? Speak to you dentist to determine whether you are a suitable candidate or not.
Implant dentistry has recently entered the mainstream dentistry sector because of its efforts in curbing tooth and bone loss. Here are the changing trends in the field of implant dentistry.
Dental implants are not dated just decades but millennia in the ancient Egypt where missing teeth were replaced with ivory, stone or even shells. The invention of metal implants is dated around the 1800s where surgeons used metal components including gold, lead, and silver for implants. By the 20th century, inventions have been made on different morphologies of implants. This started with the development of an implant which rested on the surface of the jawbone but was not preferable due to its vulnerability to infections of the gum and jawbone. Changes have also been made in the dental implants cost Melbourne aspect.
The surface for fixing of the implant is the main consideration before an implant is fixed. The cylindrical fixtures have nowadays been replaced with threaded ones. The threaded implants lead to a faster osseointegration rate, hence leading to increased stability of the implants. The threaded implants also ease placement by facilitating self-tapping.
The modern-day implant surgery was first published and influenced in the late 1970s by various resources. The procedure required the implant to be submerged into the tissues for at least three months with no interference during the healing period. Increased research led to the invention of unsubmerged implants which reduced the healing period too. The research has also led to cheap dental implants Melbourne through the invention of short and precise procedures for fixing the implants. Time-saving has also been catered by the changes which give field for immediate temporisation within 48 hours of fixing the implant. Increased success rates have been noted through immediate fixing of the implants, this leads to a reduction in the period for healing after the surgical procedure. A reduction in the grafting time has also been noted as a result of faster osseointegration between the metal implant and the body tissues.
Significant metamorphosis has also been noted in the fabrication of abutments over the years of increased study and research. Standard titanium is majorly used in the making of the abutments for some years although the criteria for stability have been revised regularly. The right dentist Melbourne should, however, assess the thicknesses of the jawbone to identify the perfect implant type to use. Some other materials other than titanium include gold, silver, and porcelain. Improved similarity and appearance of the implant to a natural tooth is the main goal in the increased research on abutments to use.
In order to increase the surface area for attachment of the implant, the thread morphology has been modified over the years. Nowadays manufacturers manufacture implants which are fabricated differently through the integration of fluorides which boosts osseointegration by attracting bone forming cells around the implant. Some modern dental implants Melbourne also possess micro threads which increase surface area for osseointegration, hence faster healing and stability.
The increased research has also led to coming down of dental implants cost Melbourne which gives more people the platform to have their teeth checked regularly and take the implant procedures where necessary.
Dental implants are being considered as the best solution for individuals with missing teeth or damaged teeth. Recently the dental industry has witnessed a sudden rise in the popularity of dental implants, as this treatment is considered as the most effective way to restore the smile – here is why
Still, you will have some questions on Dental Implants, a few of which we have addressed below.
Usually, it is only extraction and then immediate positioning of the dental implants, all which is done in one visit. But, if your oral hygiene is complicated, you might have to take multiple appointments for the dental implants procedure.
No patients encounter the same dental circumstances, so you cannot really find an exact figure, when it comes to dental implants cost. For some, a single visit will do, while for others, it might take multiple sittings. One thing to think of is, dental implants are customised to match the specific requirements of a person.
The success rate with Dental implants is high with the non-smoking and compliant patients, who take good care of their oral hygiene!
Usually, the dental implants last for a lifetime if it is place by a specialist. There are so many factors that have to be taken into consideration for the dental implants treatment, their restoration and maintenance. With proper nutrition and hygiene, you can influence the life of your dental implants and make it last for a life time.
A dental implant will look and feel like your natural teeth. If you still have questions about getting a dental implants schedule an appointment with our dentist, so you can explore your options!
A survey discloses that the survival rates of the Immediate Load dental implants Melbourne are similar to the traditional cheap dental implants Melbourne. This procedure is an aesthetically driven method. Let’s see the how it is deployed.
Immediate Load dental implants Melbourne are an alternative method for the traditional dental implants. This dental implant procedure has the following advantages over the delayed protocol dental implants,
The gingival biotypes control the healing of the hard and the soft tissues in the implant area and play a major role in maintaining the aesthetics. There are two types of gingival biotype,
The socket condition helps in the prediction of the osseointegration. There are three socket conditions,
After the teeth extraction, the dentist will examine the socket with the periodontal probe to check whether the buccal plate is intact or not. After the inspection of the soft tissue type and the socket condition, the Immediate dental implant procedure is performed. Generally the Immediate dental implant is recommended for the socket type 1 with the soft tissue type 1.
If the buccal plate is intact and thick, then depending on the patient’s soft tissue type the dental implant protocol is done. When the soft tissue is thinner with a thick buccal plate, the dentist has to go for the delayed implant protocol but in the case of the soft tissue thicker than 1.5 mm, the Immediate dental implant is done.
While placing the Immediate dental implant, position the implant with a minimum of 1.5mm from the buccal plate. Also place the platform 2mm beneath the cementoenamel junction of the nearby teeth. This helps in bone regeneration, proper functioning of the implant and to retain the aesthetic features.
The Immediate Load dental implant’s success relies on the following factors,
Bone quality and quantity i.e. the volume and the density of the bone ensures the stability and the proper positioning of the dental implants.
For attaining the stability, placing the implant at the torque of 35Ncm or higher is recommended.
The implant should have features like a tapered design, sharp threads in the apical aspect of the implant.
Thus the Immediate implant has the power of transforming the lives of the patients.
“Your Smile Will Give You A Positive Countenance That Will Make People Feel Comfortable Around You”!
Missing teeth not only make a huge impact on your smile but also affect your day-to-day activities. Mouth injuries, cavities, gum disease and infection are some of the common reasons for missing teeth. Restoring the function of your teeth helps improve your confidence with a new smile.
Losing a tooth can be distressing, and it impacts your oral as well as overall health. The perfect solution for your missing teeth is the dental implants since they offer a permanent and proven solution. Here, the dental professionals who offer the affordable dental implants cost in Melbourne provide some key ideas about the dental implants!
When you have missing teeth, you are liable to suffer poor self-confidence. This can affect your quality of life drastically. It can also make a negative impact on your appearance, and your ability to eat and speak. Patients who have the missing teeth problem are at higher risk for poor nutrition, cavities, and jawbone loss. The nearby teeth can even shift its position owing to the tooth gaps, or become more vulnerable to decay, chips and cracks. Thus, it’s highly advisable having dental implants in Melbourne to restore the functionality of your teeth.
Dental implants are small posts made of titanium which is custom-made to fit surgically inside your jaw bone. They act as an artificial tooth root in the place of your missing tooth. They appear, feel, and function just like your natural teeth and help prevent jawbone deterioration. Professionals suggest having cheap dental implants in Melbourne to protect your remaining teeth while offering you an enhanced appearance that you deserve.
Yeah, they can! Dental implants replace the missing teeth by which it enhances your appearance and boosts your self-confidence. When you have one or more missing teeth, your neighbouring teeth and jaw bone no longer have enough support.
Over time, this will cause the bone to deteriorate and your teeth begin to shift its position and start to overlap. This makes way for tooth misalignment. The misaligned tooth causes cavities and gum disease which is the major cause for all the oral health complications. This will not only affect your appearance but also change your ability to bite and speak.
Choosing dental implant help avoid the changes in the alignment of your teeth. Dental implants are also easy to maintain. With proper care and regular dental check-ups, they can last for years. When planning for a tooth replacement procedure, consider the affordable dental implants cost in Melbourne!
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Definition of Pie in Arithmetic
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Upgraded Ranking of Institutes in PCCC Wellbeing Data India
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Finance is considered the soul and blood of any organization and no business can endure not having finance.
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In the latest issue of Real Style Magazine, Board Certified Naturopathic Doctor National Spokesperson for Renew Life Canada, Dr. Sara Celik answered some of your burning health and wellness questions. Read an excerpt below.
1. It’s not uncommon in the winter for people to feel tired, sluggish and unmotivated. What would you recommend for people who feel like this?
Feeling unmotivated and sluggish during the dark, short days of winter is a common occurrence. You are not alone. To beat the winter blues, you have to stay physically active. Be sure to take your vitamins (vitamin D, probiotics and omega-3 fatty acids are great choices) and have a warm winter wardrobe. I encourage my patients to add workouts or yoga classes to their calendar, treating them like appointments.
If you enjoy working out in the evenings, try to pack your gear before you leave the house in the morning. Coming home at the end of a long day can make it difficult to honour your workouts. A workout buddy for 2018 may be a good idea as they can motivate you, keep you accountable and encourage you to beat the cold to get your workouts in.
2. Any tips for families dealing with a household of sniffles, coughs and fevers?
Many people are surprised to learn that 70-80% of the immune system lies in the gut. A rise in cold and flu can occur due to poor gut health and a lack of “friendly” gut bacteria. Although vitamin C, vitamin D, oregano oil, and garlic are popular immune-boosting remedies, live beneficial bacteria – known as probiotics — play a key role in strengthening the immune system.
One study published in the British Journal of Nutrition in 2015 showed that the probiotic strain Bifidobacterium bifidum provided benefits related to cold/flu during acute stress. These positive results on immunity were observed in as little as 2 weeks. Probiotics work quickly and play a vital role in immune health. Like strong guardians, beneficial bacteria protects you and your family against harmful invaders.
3. How can we boost our immune system naturally?
Simple — Eat well, sleep well and minimize stress.
A healthy diet is vital to boosting our immune systems. One can of soda can cause more than a 50% decrease in immunity for 5-7 hours following consumption. I encourage my patients to limit sugar and opt for a diet rich in dark green leafy vegetables, ancient grains, and lean protein.
Getting adequate quality sleep is another easy way to maintain a healthy immune system. Go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. The body follows a circadian rhythm, also known as “the body’s clock”. The circadian rhythm stabilizes with consistent bedtime routines and people typically experience better sleep. If you feel anxious before bed or have trouble falling asleep, practice deep breathing or mindful meditation to de-stress, reduce anxiety and calm the nervous system.
To read the full article, subscribe for free to Real Style Magazine. Every month, we’ll deliver the latest fashion, beauty and celebrity news right to your inbox! Click here to subscribe.
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Rates of therapy use following a disclosure of child sexual abuse
Therapy for children disclosing sexual abuse is important for addressing the effects of trauma and the potentially lifelong impacts of abuse (Blakemore, Herbert, Arney, & Parkinson, 2017; Cashmore & Shakel, 2013; Lewey et al., 2018). However, there are often considerable barriers to children and their families being able to access these services. This paper presents findings from a systematic literature search on the typical rates of referral, engagement and completion of therapy following a disclosure of child sexual abuse to police or child protection authorities.
Understanding the accessibility of therapy across studies and contexts allows services and policy makers across systems (i.e. criminal justice, child protection, community support and mental health systems) to better understand the accessibility and level of demand for local services when designing intake procedures and developing interventions. No Australian jurisdictions have available and current data on rates of referral, engagement and completion of therapy following the disclosure of child sexual abuse. In part, this is because of the range of government and non-government agencies involved in the delivery of this therapy. The lack of published Australian data to include in the review highlights the need for increased local research attention on the barriers to therapy use following disclosure.
This paper describes a rapid evidence review into research on the utilisation of therapy for child sexual abuse. The results of this rapid evidence review are also reported in the companion paper Factors Influencing Therapy Use Following a Disclosure of Child Sexual Abuse.
Children who disclose sexual abuse may not be receiving the benefits of therapy due to non-referral, lack of engagement or non-completion of therapy.
Providing referrals to therapy for all children with suspected or substantiated sexual abuse would likely increase engagement rates.
Focused research is required to better identify the barriers to engagement and completion and identify approaches to improving accessibility to therapy.
Additional supports or interventions may be needed to help address barriers to the engagement and completion of therapy for child sexual abuse.
Engagement and completion of therapy needs to be systematically tracked to more completely track the outcomes and impacts of sexual abuse therapy services.
The point of disclosure to authorities is a critical point to engage children and families affected by child sexual abuse with therapy services. Across all Australian jurisdictions, support services and referrals to therapy tend to be positioned much later in the criminal justice system (for an overview of processes in each Australian jurisdiction see Herbert & Bromfield, 2017), limiting access to the minority whose cases proceed to court or who receive an active response from child protection authorities. This results in considerable sexual harm remaining untreated in the community, or children attending services after symptoms of trauma are already present.
An unknown number of cases of sexual harm in the community go undisclosed (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2020) and intervening in these cases is extremely difficult. Where there is disclosure, relatively simple changes to supports at the point of disclosure could have a considerable impact on the extent of untreated sexual harm in the community. While not all children and young people would or should immediately engage with therapy, disclosure remains an important point at which to establish connections between families and supportive services, with a referral to a therapy service part of the discussion.
This review has focused on the accessibility of therapy as a separate issue from the effectiveness of therapy. For the most part, informal systems of referral assume that children have a protective parent who is in a position to be able to advocate for and seek services for them. The lack of a planned system of referral at the point of disclosure means there are limited data on the rate at which children engage with and complete therapy.
In this paper, therapy refers to any program of treatment intended to reduce the effects of trauma following child sexual abuse. Where specified, the most common modalities were structured trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy, other forms of cognitive behavioural therapy (including exposure based), non-structured supportive therapy (an open-ended approach commonly used as a comparison condition for trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy) or other forms of open-ended child-centred therapy, non-directive play and art therapy, and animal-assisted therapy. A summary of the types of therapy from studies in the analysis is included in Appendix B.
This literature review identified rates of referral, engagement and completion of therapy following a disclosure of child sexual abuse to police or child protection authorities. By identifying the typical rates of referral, engagement and completion of therapy, services and policy makers in criminal justice, child protection, community support and mental health systems can better understand the accessibility and level of demand for local services when designing intake procedures and developing interventions. This review enabled analysis of the factors that influence engagement and completion following disclosure that is reported in the companion paper Factors Influencing Therapy Use Following a Disclosure of Child Sexual Abuse.
This review used a rapid evidence review approach completed by a single reviewer. The search strategy is described in Appendix A. A search string of terms was generated using the NVIVO auto-code feature with full text extracted from 15 studies identified by the author; this was used to identify key terms likely to identify other relevant studies (see Box A.1). The search string was run across Psychinfo, Embase, Medline, Proquest Social Science Premium Collection, and Proquest Dissertations and Theses Global. The results were screened by title and abstract, and then by full record.
The search identified 49 eligible studies with relevant data reporting on rates in a variety of clinical and community- based therapy service contexts in Australia and the United States. No eligible studies from other countries were identified. Eligible studies reported on rates of therapy referral, engagement or completion following a disclosure of sexual abuse to police or child protection authorities (see Box 1 for a summary of sample types). An overview of the included studies is contained in Appendix B.
The studies reflect diverse service contexts, including tightly controlled clinical studies and community-based services that work with clients with a variety of other issues (e.g. exposure to family and domestic violence, parental mental health, and substance abuse). Most of the studies involved retrospective service data on referral, engagement and completion. The rates were combined using proportional meta-analyses (see Appendix A for more detail on the method). These meta-analyses provide a figure referred to as a pooled rate across each of the groupings throughout this paper. In a pooled rate, the results are combined as though all participants were in the same study; this is in contrast to an average that treats all studies as the same regardless of the sample sizes in each of the individual studies.
Box 1: Sample types included in the review
Referral samples - rates from studies that reported on the rate at which children received a referral to a therapy service provider:
- Substantiated sexual abuse samples - samples where inclusion in the study required children to have their abuse substantiated by police, state child protection authorities or other equivalent authorities.
- Suspected sexual abuse samples - samples where inclusion did not require a substantiation; so mixed samples of substantiated cases and cases that did not meet the threshold for substantiation after an initial review by authorities.
Engagement samples - rates from studies that reported on engagement with therapy, which meant attending the first session of therapy:
- Observational samples - studies where adults reported retrospectively whether they attended therapy as a child or young person following child sexual abuse.
- Post-investigation - self and professional referral - studies where rates were reported for samples regardless of whether they received a referral.
- Post-investigation - specified professional referral - studies where rates were reported in reference to a specific referral by investigators.
- Therapy initiators - studies where rates were reported for all children and families who made contact with the service to obtain therapy.
- Children in foster care - studies where rates were reported for children in foster care; these were reported separately as this represented a different context from the other samples whose engagement depended on parents/guardians.
Completion samples - rates from studies that reported on completion of therapy, which was defined as finishing a set program, goals or treatment components; the completion of an end of program assessment; a minimum number of sessions completed; therapist discharge or mutual discharge; or continued engagement at the end of data collection:
- Clinical samples - studies that reported rates from samples that involved therapy provided to a carefully controlled group of participants with eligibility (e.g. clinically significant symptoms) and exclusion criteria (e.g. no current domestic violence or parental mental illness).
- Community samples - studies that reported rates from samples that did not require children to have clinically significant symptoms to enrol in the program or study, and did not exclude participation due to factors that may interfere with the completion of the therapy.
1 The term 'meta-analysis' describes a method of combining results across similar studies, which can then be analysed as a new set of data. A 'proportional meta-analysis' combines the proportions of positive cases (e.g. cases where children completed therapy) across studies.
2 The term 'pooled rate' used throughout the paper is used instead of an average rate to more accurately reflect the number of 'positive' cases in a sample (e.g. number of cases that did complete therapy) in the context of the sample size of the study. The percentages of positive cases are 'pooled' across studies to arrive at the rates reported in this paper.
3 'Clinically significant symptoms' is distinct from the concept of statistical significance and refers to a score on a standardised instrument (e.g. Child Behaviour Checklist) that suggests the presence of some diagnosable issue or disorder.
What are the findings of this review?
Rates of referral to therapy service providers
- Children with substantiated sexual abuse have a pooled rate of referral to therapy that is higher (79%) than children with suspected sexual abuse (47%).
Relatively few studies reported on rates of referral to therapy service providers (n = 5). For those that did, these were separated into samples where referrals were made for suspected abuse and referrals were made for substantiated abuse. Suspected abuse samples included children referred for an assessment or investigation to determine whether abuse occurred. Substantiated abuse samples only included children whose abuse had been substantiated by police, state child protection authorities or other equivalent authorities. Table 1 shows the rates across the five studies reporting on rates of referral.
|Study||N||% Received referral||Sample type|
|Cross et al. (2008)||1,452||53||Sample of caregivers responding for children referred for a forensic interview with suspected sexual abuse|
|Fong et al. (2018)||160||47||National sample (US) of children subject to a protection investigation for suspected sexual abuse|
|Lane et al. (2002)||66||36||Sample of children attending a sexual abuse evaluation centre|
|Humphreys (1995)||155||78||Sample of children with substantiated sexual abuse|
|Smith et al. (2006)||17||88||Sample of children with substantiated sexual abuse|
Among the suspected abuse samples, the pooled rate of referral for therapy was just under half (47%). In a large sample study, Cross and colleagues (2008) found around 53% of children attending a forensic interview received a referral for therapy.
For the substantiated abuse samples, the pooled rate of referral for therapy was much higher (79%). Humphreys (1995) noted that only 78% of children with substantiated abuse received a referral for therapy, despite a policy in New South Wales at the time for all children with substantiated abuse to be referred for therapy.
Engagement with therapy
- Only around one-third of children in the pooled sample of children without a referral following an interview or investigation engaged with services (30%).
- Nearly two-thirds of the children in the pooled sample of children that received a referral from a professional following an interview or investigation commenced their therapy (61%).
- Rates of engagement were high (81%) for those in the pooled sample of children that initiated contact with therapy providers.
Table 2 provides an overview of engagement rates across each of the categories of studies included.
|Study||N||% Engaged||Sample type||Substantiated||Definition of Engagement|
|Allen et al. (2014)||117||39||College-age survivors reporting retrospectively||N||Accessed any mental health service|
|Arata (1998)||62||16||College-age survivors reporting retrospectively||N||Accessed any counselling|
|59||40||College-age survivors reporting retrospectively||N||Accessed any therapy|
|Post-investigation - self & professional referral|
|Anderson (2016)||139||25||Referred for therapy after a forensic interview||Y||Commenced any counselling|
|Cross et al. (2008)||284||35||Referred for therapy after a forensic interview||N||Commenced any mental health services|
|Post-investigation - specified professional referral|
|Haskett et al. (1991)||129||65||Referral part of hospital-based crisis intervention centre||Y||Commenced counselling|
|Humphreys (1995)||121||61||Referred for therapy by child protection authority||Y||Commenced any mental health services|
|Lane et al. (2003)||24||58||Referral after presenting at a child abuse evaluation clinic||N||Commenced therapy|
|Lippert et al. (2008)||101||54||Referred for therapy after a forensic interview||N||Commenced therapy|
|McPherson et al. (2012)||490||52||Referred for therapy at a child sexual abuse assessment centre||N||Commenced therapy|
|Self-Brown et al. (2016)||41||71||Referral for therapy at a children's advocacy centre||N||Enrolled in therapy|
|Tingus et al. (1995)||511||69||Referred for therapy by a suspected abuse team||Y||Commenced therapy|
|Deblinger et al. (2001)||67||81||Volunteered for therapy after a forensic medical examination||Y||Completed 3 sessions|
|Deblinger et al. (2011)||210||85||Volunteered for therapy following substantiation of abuse||Y||Completed 3 sessions|
|Horowitz et al. (1997)||81||98||Volunteered for therapy, referred by child protection authority||N||Commenced therapy|
|Koch (2004)||91||93||Children presenting at a guidance clinic for therapy service||N||Commenced individual therapy|
|91||74||Children presenting at a guidance clinic for therapy service||N||Commenced group therapy|
|Mogge (1999)||174||51||Children presenting at a school mental health clinic specialising in child sexual abuse for therapy service||N||Completed 3 sessions|
|Oates et al. (1994)||66||66||Children presenting to sexual assault clinic for therapy service||Y||Commenced therapy|
|Smith et al. (2006)||15||87||Referral to inhouse therapy service after investigation||Y||Commenced counselling|
|Children in foster care|
|Garland et al. (1996)||75||77||Children in foster care (subsample of sexually abused children)||Y||Commenced mental health services|
All studies defined engagement similarly in terms of accessing, commencing or attending services (i.e. attending one session of therapy), although three studies defined engagement as attending three sessions of therapy. All sample types included mostly administrative data obtained retrospectively to track engagement in therapy following an initial contact or referral for services. The rates of engagement differed considerably across the sample types.
Two studies reported retrospectively on college-age survivors' engagement with services by studying large cohorts of college students, some of whom reported that they had experienced child sexual abuse - these are observational samples that relied on adults reporting retrospectively. This included reported rates of engagement with counselling, therapy or other kinds of mental health service. Arata (1998) reported that very few participants indicated they had accessed counselling (16%), although they were more likely to indicate they had accessed therapy at some point in their lives (40%). Allen, Tellez, Wevodau, Woods, & Percosky (2014) reported similar rates for accessing any kind of mental health service (39%).
Two studies tracked engagement following a forensic interview or investigation and did not require a referral to therapy for clients to be included in the study - these are referred to as post-investigation - self and professional referral. Both tracked involvement in services following an investigation, either through an interview with caregivers (Cross et al., 2008) or through a retrospective case file review (Anderson, 2016). The rate at which the pooled sample of mixed referral types (self and professional) engaged with services across these studies (30%) was much lower than the other sample types.
Nearly two-thirds of the children in the pooled sample who received a referral from a professional following an interview or investigation commenced therapy (61%). The rates across the post-investigation - specified professional referral studies varied between Self-Brown, Tiwari, Lai, Roby, and Kinnish (2016) at 71%, and McPherson, Scribano, and Stevens (2012) reporting 52%. Many of the studies (Lippert, Favre, Alexander, & Cross, 2008; McPherson et al., 2012) reported on engagement in the context of a children's advocacy centre, where child and family advocates had a role in the forensic process to engage children and their families with therapy services often located on-site.
Rates of engagement across the therapy initiators pooled sample were high (81%) and included some studies with very high rates of engagement (Deblinger, Mannarino, Cohen, Runyon, & Steer, 2011; Horowitz, Putnam, Noll, & Trickett, 1997; Koch, 2004; Smith, Witte, & Fricker-Elhai, 2006). Many of the studies with very high rates were reporting on children and parents who had contacted services and had undertaken some kind of intake or assessment prior to commencing their first session of therapy.
A single study reported high rates of access to services for sexually abused children in foster care (77%) (Garland, Landsverk, Hough, & Ellis-MacLeod, 1996), asking the caregiver whether the child had been taken to a professional for any kind of mental health service.
Therapy completion rates
- For clinical samples with clinically significant symptoms, the pooled rate of completion was 73%.
- For community samples, the pooled rate of completion was 59%.
Studies reporting on rates of completion of therapy following a disclosure of sexual abuse were grouped into clinical samples, which required participants to have clinically significant symptomatology on a psychometric instrument; and community samples, which did not require clinically significant symptomology. The clinical studies had more stringent criteria for entry to the study, which often included a requirement for abuse to be substantiated by a child protection authority or equivalent and the exclusion of families experiencing ongoing domestic violence, substance abuse or parental mental health issues. The clinical samples represent studies with more tightly controlled conditions (i.e. procedures to monitor fidelity to the treatment model), usually as the study was undertaken, to demonstrate the efficacy of the different therapies in optimal conditions. Table 3 contains an overview of completion rates across these samples.
The studies differed in how completion was defined, which also depended on the type of study and the analysis being conducted. Most studies defined completion in terms of finishing a set program, goals or treatment components (n = 12) or the completion of an end of program assessment (n = 10). A minimum number of sessions (n = 8), therapist recommended discharge (n = 5) or mutual discharge (n = 2) were also commonly used. Some studies reported on continued engagement at the end of data collection, rather than completion of therapy (n = 4).
The pooled completion rate among studies that required clinically significant symptoms for inclusion was 73%, and varied between 60% (Cohen & Mannarino, 1996, 2000) and 92% (Cohen, Mannarino, Perel, & Staron, 2007). These studies carefully controlled entry into the samples, requiring clinically significant scores on the post-traumatic stress scale of the Child Behavior Checklist, minimum symptomology on the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory, or meeting minimum thresholds on other trauma and anxiety assessment instruments. Rates were similar across different definitions of completion and across sample sizes (n = <100 or >100).
|Study||N||% Completed||Completion definition||Substantiation required|
|Allen & Hoskowitz (2017)||420||62||End of treatment assessment||N|
|Ancha (2003)||57||68||Attendance rate (80%)||N|
|Celano et al. (2018)||77||69||Completion of treatment components||N|
|Cohen & Mannarino (1996)||86||80||Number of sessions (12)||Y|
|Cohen & Mannarino (1997)||86||78||Complete treatment plan||Y|
|Cohen & Mannarino (2000)||82||60||Number of sessions (12) and post-treatment assessment||Y|
|Cohen et al. (2004)||229||65||Complete treatment plan||Y|
|Cohen et al. (2005)||82||60||Complete treatment plan||Y|
|Cohen et al. (2007)||24||92||Complete treatment plan||Y|
|Deblinger et al. (1996)||100||90||Completion of post-treatment measures||Y|
|Deblinger et al. (2011)||210||75||Completion of post-treatment measures||Y|
|King et al. (2000)||46||83||Complete treatment plan||Y|
|Community sample (does not require clinical symptoms for enrolment)|
|Barnett (2007)||945||69||Clinician and parent agreed discharge||N|
|Chasson (2007)||90||60||Completion of post-treatment measures||N|
|Chasson et al. (2008)||99||70||Post-treatment assessment and number of sessions (>13)||N|
|Chasson et al. (2013)||134||60||Number of sessions (15)||N|
|Deblinger et al. (2001)||63||66||Completion of post-treatment measures||Y|
|DeLorenzi, Daire, & Bloom (2016)||107||37||Completion of treatment goals||N|
|Friedrich et al. (1992)||42||79||Clinician and parent agreed discharge||N|
|Hartman (2011)||22||64||Completion of post-treatment measures||N|
|Horowitz et al. (1997)||79||67||Number of sessions (26)||N|
|Humphreys (1995)||74||73||Therapist discharge from treatment or still engaged at point of data collection||Y|
|Koch (2004)||85||71||Time engaged (>6 months; individual therapy)||N|
|67||69||Time engaged (>6 months; group therapy)||N|
|Lippert et al. (2008)||54||74||Completion not defined||N|
|Macias (2004)||85||53||Therapist discharge from treatment||N|
|Marx (2004)||134||44||Therapist discharge from treatment||Y|
|McPherson et al. (2012)||254||39||Completion of treatment goals||N|
|Mogge (1999)||172||45||Number of sessions (6 and still engaged at point of data collection||Y|
|Murphy et al. (2014)||404||44||Therapist discharge from treatment||N|
|New & Berliner (2000)||608||75||Number of sessions (23)||Y|
|Reyes (1996)||43||65||Remaining in treatment at point of data collection (rate at 3 months)||N|
|43||49||Remaining in treatment at point of data collection (rate at 6 months)||N|
|Self-Brown et al. (2016)||29||31||Complete treatment plan||N|
|Signal et al. (2017)||23||87||Complete treatment plan||N|
|Tavkar (2010)||104||56||Completion of post-treatment measures||Y|
|Tebbett (2013)||104||56||Completion of post-treatment measures||N|
|Wamser-Nanney & Steinzor (2017)||122||44||Number of sessions (12) and clinician discharge||N|
|Zaidi & Gutierrez-Kovner (1995)||6||67||Complete treatment plan||N|
The pooled rate of completion across the community sample was 59%, ranging from 31% (Self-Brown et al., 2016) to 87% (Signal, Taylor, Prentice, McDade, & Burke, 2017). Most of the studies were characterised as community samples, reflecting that they did not require children to have clinically significant symptoms to enrol in the program or study, and did not exclude participation due to factors that may interfere with the completion of the therapy (e.g. parental mental health, presence of domestic violence). These programs were also more likely to be open-ended with most studies defining completion in terms of discharge from therapy (n = 7), the number of sessions (n = 6), or a post-treatment assessment that marked the completion of therapy (n = 6). Smaller sample studies (n = <100) tended to have a slightly higher rate of completion.
The rates included were from experimental studies (i.e. including completion rates from both experimental and regular practice comparison conditions), and for the most part completion rates weren't able to be separated into different treatment conditions.
4 Experimental studies involve a comparison between an experimental condition (e.g. trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy) and a control condition (e.g. no treatment or a standard form of treatment), which enables researchers to be able to attribute any differences in outcomes (e.g. symptoms of child trauma) to the treatment itself.
Limitations to these findings
Some of the rates reported in this study were limited by the number of studies in each category, particularly in terms of the suspected abuse and substantiated abuse referral rate types and the post-investigation - self and professional referral engagement group. Each of these pooled rates had fairly large confidence intervals. Similarly, a large confidence interval was found for the therapy initiators engagement group, indicating variation in the average rates of engagement across the included studies. A small number of studies in this group had extremely high completion rates that affected the confidence interval.
Meta-analyses looking at the effects of programs against comparison conditions typically report on publication bias, controlling for the increased tendency for studies with larger effect sizes to be accepted for publication (Kicinski, Springate, & Kontopantelis, 2015). This appears to be less of an issue in this review, a proportional meta-analysis where often the rates of engagement/completion were incidental to the study, and where a high or low rate of engagement/completion appears unlikely to influence the likelihood of publication. While the risk of publication bias was low on each of the indicators for most of the samples, the tests indicate a risk of publication bias with the two referral samples (suspected abuse and substantiated abuse), and the post-investigation - self and professional referral samples (see Appendix A for test results). This adds additional uncertainty to these results, although each of the tests used are less effective at detecting publication bias with small numbers of studies (Lin et al., 2018).
Regarding the search strategy, while the review included a comprehensive strategy likely to identify all relevant studies, the search was limited to only peer-reviewed literature, meaning that relevant data from government reports and evaluations may not have been identified. In addition, the search string included the term 'counselling', which may have limited the results by not including other variants on the word (e.g. counsellor, counseling). As is typical in many reviews, the studies were overwhelmingly from the United States. That said, these studies were from a variety of American states that reflect often vastly different socio-economic and socio-legal contexts (e.g. California, Utah, Georgia and Massachusetts).
What are the implications for policy and practice?
- Many children are not receiving the benefits of therapy due to non-referral, not engaging when they are referred or non-completion.
- Providing referrals to therapy for all children with suspected or substantiated sexual abuse would likely increase engagement rates but would require increased capacity to deliver therapy to achieve meaningful improvements.
- Additional supports or interventions may be needed to help address barriers to engagement and completion of therapy.
- Engagement and completion of therapy needs to be systematically tracked to quantify the benefits of sexual abuse services and to identify approaches to improve the accessibility of services.
This evidence review extracted data from 49 studies to identify typical rates at which children who have disclosed sexual abuse will receive a referral, and engage with and complete therapy. The samples collected reflect several different situations to get a comprehensive picture of referral, engagement and completion. These rates illustrate the potential stages at which children that have experienced sexual harm may go without the potential benefits of therapy, highlighting very low rates of engagement among studies of the whole cohort of children receiving interviews (Anderson, 2016; Cross et al., 2008). An analysis of factors that may influence engagement and completion are included in the companion paper Factors Influencing Therapy Use Following a Disclosure of Child Sexual Abuse.
Around 20% of children in samples that contacted agencies for a service do not commence therapy. Less than half of children with suspected abuse seen by authorities received a referral to therapy, although most with substantiated abuse did. Around one-third of children referred for therapy by authorities do not commence their therapy, and around one-third that commence therapy in a community clinic do not complete their therapy.
Only four Australian studies were identified in the search, and three of these were conducted more than 20 years ago. Humphreys (1995) was about average for referral and engagement rates compared to the studies set in the United States; Oates, O'Toole, Lynch, Stern, and Cooney (1994) was lower than the pooled average for engagement; and completion rates tended to be higher than the pooled average among the Australian studies (Humphreys, 1995; King et al., 2000; Signal et al., 2017). There is a clear need for more Australian research on the topic, particularly comparative research that examines the effects of referral practices in different jurisdictions. In addition, future reviews should consider a grey literature strategy to capture government research and commissioned evaluations.
It is well known that there is considerable untreated sexual harm in the community, much of it among children who do not disclose until later in life (e.g. McElvaney, 2015). Relative to the wider population of abused children, children who have disclosed or have abuse that is suspected and investigated by authorities are an easy population to identify as they are known to one or more agencies involved in the response to abuse (i.e. police, child protection, health). Some of these children may not receive referrals for therapy as they do not initially present as being impacted by their abuse or do not demonstrate symptoms that would require an immediate therapeutic response. However, it is well understood that most children will experience impacts from their abuse (Blakemore et al., 2017; Cashmore & Shackel, 2013). Not having arrangements in place to support children and families known or suspected to have been affected by sexual abuse represents a considerable missed opportunity for early intervention and the prevention of re-victimisation.
Considering the extent of sexual harm in the community (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2016), the lifelong impacts of abuse (McCarthy et al., 2016) and the rate of attrition from services identified in this research synthesis, a greater focus is needed on improving systems of referral to these services. Many children affected by sexual abuse will be in families with complex needs that have multiple barriers to being able to engage with services for the scale of time needed to address trauma (Fong et al., 2016). Without putting in place systems to help address these barriers, some of the most vulnerable children affected by sexual abuse will go without having their trauma addressed therapeutically.
This also means that investments in addressing the harms of sexual abuse are not having their intended effect. While it is not expected that every child should or would complete therapy, referral practices that assume families are in a position to obtain services has the effect of minimising the demand for services, and results in lingering untreated sexual harm in the community with its associated costs for individuals and communities (McCarthy et al., 2016).
Currently, no Australian jurisdictions report data on the rates of engagement and completion of funded child sexual abuse services from the point of contact with the criminal justice system. Often this is challenging due to the numerous community service providers or multiple health/community systems involved in providing therapy services. Systematically measuring attrition from therapy following sexual abuse is an initial step towards developing evidence-based and data-driven responses to addressing attrition and ensuring children receive treatments that will effectively address their trauma. To advance this, clear and current data on barriers to engagement and completion are needed to inform new approaches.
Monitoring the engagement, completion and benefits of therapy services are critical to demonstrating the benefits of specialised therapy programs and for making a credible case for further investment to increase the accessibility of these targeted services. Monitoring these services would provide critical information about the adequacy of the service system to provide care for the cases identified by authorities. Increasing engagement and completion of services assumes that services are effective in improving outcomes for children and families; undoubtably more work is needed to improve the standards of services and to build in outcome measures that provide clear assurances of the benefits of these services.
It is hoped that these rates will prompt further reflection about the children and young people who either do not engage with or do not complete therapy services following their disclosures. Better understanding of the reasons for not engaging with or withdrawing from services is critical for improving systems of intake, triage and case management within agencies providing therapy to children that have experienced sexual abuse and across service systems connecting investigations to support services.
While many of the barriers to accessing services are difficult to address (e.g. insecure housing, long waitlists), in some cases, barriers (e.g. resistance to accessing mental health services, doubts about the value of therapy) can be addressed or services identified to attempt to manage issues that may lead to disengagement. As an example, the Chicago Children's Advocacy Centre's Providing Access Toward Hope & Healing initiative aimed to improve access to children's mental health services using a system of triage (severity of symptoms and motivation to engage in services) across their network of services, a centralised waitlist, a Hope and Healing drop-in group for children and families on the waitlist, and an enhanced family advocacy service including motivational interviewing and comprehensive family screening (Budde & Waters, 2014).
5 Note: This study had a small sample size (n = 23).
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- Fong, H. F., Alegria, M., Bair-Merritt, M. H., & Beardslee, W. (2018). Factors associated with mental health services referrals for children investigated by child welfare. Child Abuse and Neglect, 79, 401-412.
- Fong, H., Bennett, C. E., Mondestin, V., Scribano, P. V., Mollen, C., & Wood, J. N. (2016). Caregiver perceptions about mental health services after child sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 51, 284-294.
- Friedrich, W. N., Luecke, W. J., Beilke, R. L., & Place, V. (1992). Psychotherapy outcome of sexually abused boys: An agency study. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 7(3), 396-409.
- Garland, A. F., Landsverk, J. L., Hough, R. L., & Ellis-MacLeod, E. (1996). Type of maltreatment as a predictor of mental health service use for children in foster care. Child Abuse and Neglect, 20(8), 675-688.
- Hartman, S. (2011). From efficacy to effectiveness: A look at trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy in a community setting (Psy.D.). Pace University, Ann Arbor, MI.
- Haskett, M. E., Nowlan, N. P., Hutcheson, J. S., & Whitworth, J. M. (1991). Factors associated with successful entry into therapy in child sexual abuse cases. Child Abuse & Neglect, 15(4), 467-476.
- Herbert, J. L. & Bromfield, L. M. (2018). National comparison of cross-agency practice in investigating and responding to severe child abuse. (CFCA Paper No. 47). Melbourne: Child Family Community Australia, Australian Institute of Family Studies. Retrieved from aifs.gov.au/cfca/publications/national-comparison-cross-agency-practice-investigating-and-responding
- Horowitz, L. A., Putnam, F. W., Noll, J. G., & Trickett, P. K. (1997). Factors affecting utilization of treatment services by sexually abused girls. Child Abuse & Neglect, 21(1), 35-48.
- Humphreys, C. (1995). Whatever happened on the way to counselling? Hurdles in the interagency environment. Child Abuse & Neglect, 19(7), 801-809.
- Kicinski, M., Springate, D. A., & Kontopantelis E. (2015) Publication bias in meta-analyses from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Statistics in Medicine, 34, 2781-2793.
- King, N. J., Tonge, B. J., Mullen, P., Myerson, N., Heyne, D., Rollings, S. et al. (2000). Treating sexually abused children with posttraumatic stress symptoms: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 39(11), 1347-1355.
- Koch, E. R. (2004). Factors associated with treatment outcomes among Hispanic survivors of childhood sexual abuse. PhD thesis. Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, CA.
- Lane, W. G., Dubowitz, H., & Harrington, D. (2003). Child sexual abuse evaluations: Adherence to recommendations, Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 11(4), 17-34.
- Lewey, J. H., Smith, C. L, Burcham, B., Saunders, N. L, Elfallal, D., & O'Toole, S. K. (2018). Comparing the effectiveness of EMDR and TF-CBT for children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 11(4), 457-472.
- Lin, L., Chu, H., Murad, M. H., Hong, C., Qu, Z., Cole, S. R., & Chen, Y. (2018). Empirical comparison of publication bias tests in meta-analysis. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 33, 1260-1267.
- Lippert, T., Favre, T., Alexander, C., & Cross, T. P. (2008). Families who begin versus decline therapy for children who are sexually abused. Child Abuse & Neglect, 32, 859-868.
- Macias, S. B. (2004). The intergenerational transmission of abuse: The relationship between maternal abuse history, parenting stress, child symptomatology, and treatment attrition. PhD thesis. University of California, Santa Barbara, CA.
- Marx, T. (2004). Attrition from childhood sexual abuse treatment as a function of gender, ethnicity, and parental stress. PhD thesis. University of California, Santa Barbara, CA.
- McCarthy, M. M., Taylor, P., Norman, R. E., Pezzullo, L., Tucci, J., & Goddard, C. (2016). The lifetime economic and social costs of child maltreatment in Australia. Children and Youth Services Review, 71, 217-226.
- McElvaney, R. (2015). Disclosure of child sexual abuse: Delays, non-disclosure and partial disclosure. What the research tells us and implications for practice. Child Abuse Review, 24(3), 159-169.
- McPherson, P., Scribano, P., & Stevens, J. (2012). Barriers to successful treatment completion in child sexual abuse survivors. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(1), 23-29.
- Mogge, K. L. (1999). Predictors of dropout in child sexual abuse treatment. PhD thesis. University of Memphis, Memphis, TN.
- Murphy, R. A., Sink, H. E., Ake, G. S., Carmondy, K. A., Amaya-Jackson, L. M., & Briggs, E. C. (2014). Predictors of treatment completion in a sample of youth who have experienced physical or sexual trauma. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 29(1), 3-19.
- New, M., & Berliner, L. (2000). Mental health service utilization by victims of crime. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 13(4), 693-707.
- Oates, R. K., O'Toole, B. I., Lynch, D. L., Stern, A., & Cooney, G. (1994). Stability and change in outcomes for sexually abused children. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 33(7), 945-953.
- Reyes, C. J. (1996). Resiliency of young children: Self-concept, parental support, and traumatic symptoms after sexual abuse. University of California, Santa Barbara, CA.
- Self-Brown, S., Tiwari, A., Lai, B., Roby, S., & Kinnish, K. (2016). Impact of caregiver factors on youth service utilization of trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy in a community setting. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25, 1871-1879.
- Signal, T., Taylor, N., Prentice, K., McDade, M., & Burke, K. J. (2017). Going to the dogs: A quasi-experimental assessment of animal assisted therapy for children who have experienced abuse. Applied Developmental Science, 21(2), 81-93.
- Smith, D. W., Witte, T. H., & Fricker-Elhai, A. E. (2006). Service outcomes in physical and sexual abuse cases: A comparison of child advocacy center-based and standard services. Child Maltreatment, 11(4), 354-360.
- Tavkar, P. (2010). Psychological and support characteristics of parents of child sexual abuse victims: Relationship with child functioning and treatment. PhD thesis. The University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE.
- Tebbett, A. A. (2013). Predictors of attrition in trauma-specific cognitive-behavioral therapy. PhD thesis. St. John's University, New York, NY.
- Tingus, K. D., Heger, A. H., Foy, D. W., & Leskin, G. A. (1996). Factors associated with entry into therapy in children evaluated for sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 20(1), 63-68.
- Wamser-Nanney, R., & Steinzor, C. E. (2017). Factors related to attrition from trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy. Child Abuse & Neglect, 66, 73-83.
- Zaidi, L. Y., & Gutierrez-Kovner, V. M. (1995). Group treatment of sexually abused latency-age girls. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10(2), 215-227.
Appendix A: Therapy use
A search string was generated using the NVIVO auto-code feature with full text extracted from 15 target studies; this was used to identify key terms likely to identify other relevant studies (see Box A.1). The search string was run across Psychinfo, Embase, Medline, Proquest Social Science Premium Collection, and Proquest Dissertations and Theses Global. The results were screened in Covidence by title and abstract, and then by full record.
Box A.1 Search string
((treat* or mental health or mental-health or therap* or service* or counselling) and (child* or youth or young pe* or girls or boys) and (sexual abus* or molest* or sexual assault or exploit or sexual harm or sexual maltreat*) and (utilis* or utiliz* or complet* or engag* or attend* or obstacle* or attrition or access* or hinder* or motivation* or enrol* or drop* or exit* or cessat* or quit* or leave* or end*) and (factors or barriers or enabl* or characteris* or cause* or component* or influenc* or aspect* or impediment* or obstacle* or facilitate* or predict* or pattern* or determin*)).ab.
The search identified 2,374 individual studies for title and abstract screening, which was reduced to 205 studies by a single reviewer for full-text screening (see Figure A.1). These were studies that very clearly did not meet eligibility based on title and abstract. These 205 studies were assessed for eligibility, which identified 32 eligible studies. A total of 173 studies were excluded for the following reasons:
- The study was about the impacts of abuse rather than referral/engagement/completion of therapy (n = 42).
- The study involved an adult population (n = 32).
- The study design did not allow for data about referral/engagement/completion (n = 18).
- Sexual abuse was not analysed separately from other forms of maltreatment (n = 15).
- Study was about the characteristics or impacts of abuse rather than about the treatment of abuse (n = 12).
- The paper did not involve empirical research and was a conceptual or theoretical paper (n = 8).
- Full text could not be obtained, even when requested from the University of South Australia library services (n = 7).
- Other/miscellaneous (n = 11).
Pearling was undertaken across the 32 eligible studies. This involved reading through each of the articles and identifying any references to studies that may contain relevant information for the review. This process identified an additional 21 eligible studies. Some of the eligible studies (n = 4) were found to be an analysis of the same dataset. In these cases, information about the studies was combined into a single record in the extraction template. A total of 49 studies were found to be eligible and were extracted.
Figure A.1: PRIMSA flow diagram of systematic literature search
The extraction template included:
- study information: study ID number, authors, year, if the study shared data with any other included studies, title, country of study, publication type, study design
- sample information: sample type narrative description, whether caregiver consent to participate in the study was required, whether clinical symptoms were required to be included, whether the sample initiated therapy, if the sample was from a children's advocacy centre, if cases were required to be substantiated to be included, if a mixed abuse sample then what proportion included sexual abuse, if mixed age groups then what proportion was under 18, gender, ethnicity
- therapy characteristics: therapy narrative description, if caregivers were part of the therapy, definition of referral, definition of engagement, definition of completion
- data: total sample, referral data, engagement data, completion data
- independent variable narrative: significant differences, non-significant differences.
Five studies had relevant data on rates of referral, 19 studies had relevant data on rates of engagement, and 37 studies had relevant data on rates of completion of services. The reported rates for groups of studies are based on pooled proportions using a random effects proportional meta-analysis conducted in MedCalc (see below for meta-analysis methodology).
This research was undertaken to identify typical rates of referral, engagement and completion across different types of therapy services for children disclosing sexual abuse. The intent of this was to illustrate the typical proportions of children that are not benefiting from or not receiving the full benefit of therapeutic services to address harm from sexual abuse. We note that many survivors access therapy later in life; however, intervening early is critical to reducing the effects of trauma and the impacts of abuse across life domains.
Multiple proportional meta-analyses were conducted on the included studies to produce the pooled rates reported. Each of the rates was grouped based on characteristics that seemed likely to affect the referral/engagement/completion rates.
For referral rates, studies were grouped on whether they required cases to have been substantiated by authorities (i.e. police, child protection or some other authority), or whether abuse was suspected and still subject to investigation.
For engagement rates, studies were grouped into post-investigation - self and professional referral, post-investigation - specified professional referral, and therapy initiators. Two other groupings of studies were found that have been reported on (observational studies and children in care) but were not included as meta-analyses due to small numbers and these studies not being as relevant to the central questions of service access following disclosure. Post-investigation - self and professional referral refers to studies that examined engagement with therapy following an investigation regardless of whether a referral was made for a child. Post-investigation - specified professional referral refers to studies examining engagement related to a specific referral made by police, child protection or some other professional following an investigation. Therapy initiators refers to studies examining the rate of engagement for clients that have contacted specialist sexual abuse services; for these studies it generally is not known who made the referral.
For completion rates studies were grouped into either clinical samples, which required clinically significant symptomology to be included, or community samples, where services responded to clients regardless of if they met the threshold for clinically significant symptomatology. Clinical samples also tended to deliver a structured program of therapy as part of efforts to test the effectiveness of treatment, which also included screening out clients that may have ongoing issues in the home such as parental mental health, family and domestic violence, or parental substance abuse.
The proportional meta-analysis feature in MedCalc was used, reporting on the results of the random effects model, reflecting that the studies were heterogeneous in that rates were likely to be affected by the characteristics of the studies and samples. Publication bias testing was performed in Statsdirect 3.
The results of each of the meta-analyses are reported in Table A.1. The funnel plots for each of the tests are available from the author on request.
|Pooled sample||Test for heterogeneity||Random effects |
[95% confidence interval]
|Suspected abuse||1,678||Q = 8.74, df = 2, p = 0.013*||47% [39-56]||Egger's test, p = <0.05 |
I 2 = 77.1%
|Substantiated abuse||172||Q = 0.75, df = 1, p = 0.385||79% [72-85]||Egger's test, p = <0.05 |
I 2 = 0%
|Post investigation - self and professional referral||423||Q = 4.08, df = 1, p = 0.043*||30% [22-40]||Egger's test, p = <0.05 |
I 2 = 75.5%
|Post investigation - specified professional referral||1,417||Q = 35.77, df = 6, p = <0.0001*||61% [54-68]||Egger's test, p = 0.952 |
I 2 = 83.2%
|Therapy initiators||795||Q = 119.79, df = 7, p = <0.0001*||81% [68-91]||Egger's test, p = 0.154 |
I 2 = 94.2%
|Clinical samples||1,499||Q = 73.025, df = 11, p = <0.0001*||73% [67-79]||Egger's test, p = 0.662 |
I 2 = 80.6%
|Community samples||3,992||Q = 301.83, df = 26, p = <0.0001*||59% [54-65]||Egger's test, p = 0.662 |
I 2 = 91.3%
Note: * p = <.05
6 The search string is a standard format of search terms - using a search string is important so that potentially someone can run the same search and arrive at the same result.
7 Pearling involves searching the reference list of included studies to identify any additional relevant studies that may not have been identified in the initial search.
Appendix B: Therapy use
Notes: a Trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy; b Cognitive behavioural therapy
8 Note: In some instances, the total sample of the study does not match the figures used in the meta-analysis. This is because some studies used subsets to report on engagement and completion.
9 The search identified an additional paper that drew from the same data in Anderson (2016). The additional article identified in the search that drew on the same data is: Anderson, G. D. (2014). How do contextual factors and family support influence disclosure of child sexual abuse during forensic interviews and service outcomes in child protection cases? PhD thesis. University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN.
10 The search identified multiple papers that drew from the same data as in Cohen and Mannarino (1996). The additional articles identified in the search that drew on the same data are: Cohen, J. A., & Mannarino, A. P. (1996). A treatment outcome study for sexually abused preschool children: Initial findings. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 35(1), 42-50.
Cohen, J. A., & Mannarino, A. P. (1998). Factors that mediate treatment outcome of sexually abused preschool children: Six- and 12-month follow-up. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 37(1), 44-51.
Dr James Herbert is a Senior Research Fellow at the Australian Centre for Child Protection, University of South Australia. Dr Herbert specialises in research and evaluation on multi-agency responses to abuse and neglect, and cross-systems challenges in responses to social problems. His most recent work focuses on the quality of deliberation in multi-agency case review meetings, along with a focus on effective referral and support systems following the disclosure of abuse.
The author would like to thank Fernando Lima for his feedback on the meta-analysis approach, Professor Leah Bromfield for her review of an early draft of the paper, and Amanda Coleiro and Nerida Joss for their assistance with preparing the paper.
Featured image: © GettyImages/Zurijeta
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Dressing up for Halloween? Steer clear of cheap contact lenses
Trick-or-treaters plan to hit the streets in most parts of New Jersey this Halloween with costumes and masks, of course. Dr. Joseph Calderone, of Better Vision New Jersey in Cranford, said people should think twice about reaching for a pair of wild and scary contact lenses.
The Food and Drug Administration considers any contact lens, with or without prescriptive powers, a medical device. That means it is illegal to get these lenses without a prescription from an eye doctor.
Before people beg for a prescription, the doctor giving the prescription needs to know whether the lens fits properly. That means the wearer needs to be seen by a doctor, which would be short notice by Saturday.
According to The American Optometric Association, during past Halloween seasons, up to 26% of Americans who purchased non-corrective contact lenses were able to get them without a prescription. This opened them up to risks of all sorts of eye problems especially infection, which can be painful and threaten vision loss.
The Journal of Ophthalmology and Visual Science found that those people who purchased non-prescribed contact lenses were 16 times more likely to get an infection than those who obtained lenses by getting a prescription first.
Calderone said if contact lenses are not cleaned properly, it's like putting a sheet of plastic into the eye, digging into the surface of the cornea.
Contact lenses can also be damaged, especially these cheap non-prescription ones. A simple tear in the lens resembles, under the microscope, a carpenter's wood-shaving plane, which acts much the same way on the surface of the eye.
Halloween eye makeup is a no-no, too. Calderone said there is a difference in quality when buying eye makeup from a beauty brand compared to the cheap stuff at party stores. The costume eye makeups can come off in clumps and get into the eyes, causing friction and irritation.
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- Distance Calculator » Need the distances between two places?
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Chincha Alta Latitude and Longitude
The latitude for Chincha Alta, Peru is: -13.42553 and the longitude is: -76.136711.
|Chincha Alta Latitude:||-13.42553|
|Chincha Alta Longitude:||-76.136711|
|Position from Earth's Center:||W|
|Elevation:||85.96 Meters (282.01 Feet)|
|Country Code Alpha-3:||PER|
|Country Continent:||South America|
|Time Zone Abbreviation:||-05|
|Daylight Saving Time:||No|
|Current Time:||Thursday August 11th 7:00am|
Chincha Alta, Peru Summary
Chincha Alta has a latitude of 13°25'31.91"S and a longitude of 76°8'12.16"W or -13.42553 and -76.136711 respectively. Based on population, the area is ranked #17 in Peru.
Populated areas near Chincha Alta:
- 28.5 Km S to San Clemente, Ica (see coordinates for San Clemente)
- 28.7 Km NNW to San Vicente de Canete, Lima (see coordinates for San Vicente de Cañete District)
- 32.4 Km S to Pisco, Ica (see coordinates for Pisco)
- 51.1 Km NNW to Imperial, Lima (see coordinates for Imperial District)
- 57.3 Km NNW to Nuevo Imperial, Lima (see coordinates for Nuevo Imperial)
Note: Chincha Alta is also located 182.2 Km SSE of Peru capital Lima (see coordinates for Lima).
Points of interest near Chincha Alta:
- 1 Km NNE Santo Domingo de Chincha, Chincha Alta, Peru
- 1 Km NNE Plaza de Armas, Chincha Alta, Peru
Now that you know the location, you might also be interested in knowing the land elevation or altitude, for details see elevation for Chincha Alta.
|« RSS||Coordinates from Around the World »|
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On Demand Government: Deploying Flexibilities to Ensure Service Continuity
Workplace flexibilities lead to economic efficiencies, including cost savings on real estate, infrastructure and energy usage, and improve how agencies deliver citizen services. Teleworking and other flexibilities also can help improve employee performance, job satisfaction and work-life balance, and decrease the costs of commuting by getting employees off the road on scheduled days of the week or by allowing for nontraditional hours that can result in shorter commutes. On a broader societal basis, telework creates an opportunity to relieve traffic congestion and reduce auto emissions that pollute the environment.
Given the importance and benefits of work flexibilities, the Partnership for Public Service and Booz Allen Hamilton examined work arrangements that are being used in the federal government, whether there are impediments to adopting these workplace practices, and how they can be expanded and made more effective.
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The DSM-10 map series are vector format digital maps containing the road and railway networks and the administrative boundaries of all Hungarian settlements. They are produced with a unified data content and structure and are continuously updated.
All the address and positional data come from official state sources and custom surveys ensuring that all the information is up to data and integrates seamlessly with official databases.
DSM-10 maps include administrative boundaries (NUTS0-NUTS5), ZIP codes, districts, road networks (from main roads to streets) with road numbers and street names for all Hungarian settlements, railway networks with stations and line numbers, hydrogeology elements, built up areas and more.
We provide additional custom GIS solutions, server-client applications and other mapping solutions based on the DSM-10 map series.
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HistoryA story worth protecting
As early as the 1930’s the Walton and National Avenue areas were developed as industrial complexes to serve the city’s expansions. The buildings were built to be functional and strong and the surrounding neighborhood was developed as economy housing for the families that worked in the area. The character and grit of this area still lingers today amongst our many progressive and modern developments.
Built by Industry
The Warehouse Block has been a slow evolution. Following their Father’s effort to rehabilitate the area and bring value to the neighborhood, the Walker brothers fixed up one building after another. What was a gritty, rundown, abandoned area is now thriving with a diverse network of businesses. The businesses work together to bring up the area and offer something cool to visitors.
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MJAN BUSINESS FORUM
For a long time, the Body of Christ in Africa has suffered the pain of poverty. While poverty comes from different reasons, the major cause of poverty in the church is the lack of investment into business by many Christians. It is unfortunate that the place of life in abundance has turned out to be a place of lack.
This is because traditionally, especially in Africa, the church has focused on the spiritual aspect of Christianity, shying away from the physical well-being of a Christian from the time they are born again to the day they will die. The belief that once born again one will go to heaven has made the church have an escapist mindset and everything they do has been directly linked to waiting for the second coming of Jesus Christ.
This explains why many fall out of God’s way in pursuit of financial stability and freedom. Take an example of the Gospel Singers; it has become easier for them to go the secular way as they find little or no financial support from the church. The key problem is that the business aspect of monetizing talents and gifts the kingdom way has not been harnessed in the church. This case represents many more scenarios in the Body of Christ today that are a result of a lack of business-minded men and women who can invest in business ideas, talents, & innovations, etc.
i. Doing business in the church has been seen as an ungodly activity and those who ventured in it were seen as not fully born again.
ii. Due to few Christians doing business, the principles, and values of doing business the kingdom way are not well established paving way for ungodly ways of doing business.
iii. Young people venturing into the business world are forced into the ungodly systems of doing business as they have no mentors to guide them and identify within the marketplace.
Contrary to the escapist mindset, Genesis 2:1 5 provides a model of the initial plan of God’s people’s physical welfare on earth. God placed man in the Garden of Eden as an example of what he wanted man to expand on earth to his descendants. Drawing for the context, we believe that doing business is Godly but doing it within the Kingdom values and principles is the way to manage and expand the numerous resources in the world today making our stay here on earth quality and worthwhile.
Are you an investor, entrepreneur, business owner or have a desire to do business the Kingdom way and you are tired of the poverty in the Body of Christ? Do you feel touched to bring a change by contributing to the Kingdom’s way of doing business? Now than ever before the church needs you to arise and join the MJAN Business Forum and join hands together with key business leaders and Influencers to give solutions to the three key problems and bring back an abundant life. Come join us as we bring to realization the full potential of the church and break the norm of just meeting for prayers and services and later going out to look for what the world has to offer. It is time the church gives to the world and not just receives from the world. It is the season for Christians to live holistic quality lives on earth, and not just languish in poverty and lack as we wait to go to heaven.
For this reason, the MJAN Business forum will give you together with all business leaders, church leaders, and pastors an opportunity to have one on one training, discussions, and interactions, as well as mentorship to the young in the business world.
The four-day event that will be held from November 8-11, 2022 will be the first of its kind and it will be addressed by key business influencers and leaders, pastors, government heads, church leaders, and business owners. It will be an opportunity for participants to engage in kingdom-minded business mentorship, networks, and partnerships.
We believe that MJAN Business Forum will create a solid relationship between business leaders across the nations within Kingdom values and principles.
Don’t Miss Out!
A perfect way to be part of the MJAN Business Forum is to partner with us or sponsor our event. Take advantage of the event to strengthen your relationships with Christian Business leader across the globe.
Get in touch with our team and discover our Partnership Packages on firstname.lastname@example.org
Please contact the event organizer, Pacifique Hakizimana, on +250 789 509 073 or write to him on email@example.com for financial support.
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Have you noticed how many “storytellers" there are in our industry today? Just do a search on LinkedIn. There are brand and strategy storytellers. Heads of digital storytelling. Storytellers-in-chief. Seemingly legions of people in the business of storytelling.
You could certainly dismiss it as a fad, like open floor plans or ping pong and pool tables in common areas to signify “hipness." But doing so, I believe, ignores an important change that has occurred in recent years — one that not only directly impacts the bottom line, but perhaps an organization’s very viability in this dynamic industry.
The Rise of the Story
Marketing firms succeed or fail, grow into household names or disappear entirely based on their ability to marry brand strategy with amazing creative. This was true during the time of the Mad Men and the emergence of powerhouse television advertising, through the dawn of the Internet and brand.coms, and especially today with the maturation of social media. And, this will certainly remain a hallmark of our business for a long time to come.
But one thing that has changed significantly is our ability to thrive on making stuff. Churning out print, digital, and video content used to be the true lifeblood of marketing agencies. Today, the making of stuff has become so commoditized that it’s nearly impossible to sustain a business with production at the heart of the machine.
The almost ubiquitous offshoring of programming and digital production is emblematic of the new agency economy — and probably the economy writ large.
So, how do marketing agencies evolve? What new product can sustain a business and be essential to all of our clients? Enter storytelling.
Story at the Center
In his book, All Marketers Are Liars, Seth Godin talks about storytelling and its transformative role in marketing. He illustrates his theory by explaining that at the end of the curve on the chart below, the place where you actually tell stories and authentically live up to what you say you’re going to do, is where the leverage is now.
The right side of the curve, where you take something people may or may not need and turn it into something they definitely want, is where the money is.
This is a complete reversal, Godin argues, from the outmoded marketing model where high value was derived from the production of stuff. What’s difficult today, he says, is “figuring out what’s worth making and then telling a story about it."
Inventing new ways of marketing to customers — and the inherent time and effort required to figure out exactly who they are, how to reach them, and what they want to hear — will always require significant investment of time and capital. We certainly shouldn’t stop inventing. It’s an expected cost of doing business and would be anathema to how most of us are wired as marketers. But we can’t bank on it to drive our business either.
Storytelling must be put at the center of our marketing efforts. It is the key element to moving brands in today’s market, and moving customers to engage with our brands. But to be successful, the stories we tell need to do several essential things:
Captivate our audience, whoever they are and wherever they might be
Be generous and convey what’s important about our brands in a big way
Be generative and spawn the creation and sharing of personalized, authentic stories
In short, the stories we tell about our brands need to be special.
This is easy to say, but very hard to do. It requires us to fundamentally shift the way
we market to our customers. But it’s encouraging to see our industry suddenly rife with people united behind the war cry “once upon a time…"(PV)
1 Godin, S. All Marketers Are Liars. Portfolio/Penguin Inc., 2009:37.
Calcium is a healthcare advertising agency that provides brand nourishment.
For more information, visit calciumusa.com.
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From OTW Contributor Dave Pickering:
Today the unthinkable happened. I landed what I believe is the first 40-pound common carp to be landed in Rhode Island waters. The massive fish weighed exactly 40 pounds and was 40 inches long. It was caught on a hair rig combo bait that was made up of a kernel of maize along with a white, artificial, plastic corn. This combo bait has been a killer for me all spring.
Thirty-pound carp are rare here in RI. There are a few low thirties landed every year, but 40 pounds is a mark few sharpies would have ever thought possible. My previous biggest carp in RI was 36 lbs., a fish thought to be the biggest ever taken up until now. This 40-pound carp would have easily shattered the official RI state record of 32 lbs. But, to claim that record in this state, the fish must be taken to an official weigh station and weighed. Knowing this fish would have died, I chose to release it in good shape after a few photos. Note that had it been caught in many other states, I could have easily claimed the record with the info I had. The fish was weighed on a certified Reuben Heaton scale, I got a measurement, I had a witness and I had a photo.
A fish this size is a female capable of producing eggs that will produce offspring that could grow to enormous sizes. No way I would keep a fish like this just for the official record. In my mind, I also will dream about meeting up again with her some day!
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By Patrick Gordon, Final Year Monash Medical Student
High-school work experience is a chance for students to escape the boredom of the classroom and dip their toes into the “real world” of the workplace. Whether this is through earning some extra cash at a fast food restaurant or shadowing a professional throughout their day, work-experience gives a glimpse into life after study. For my own work experience, I was fortunate enough to find myself integrated into the research department of the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and it was there that I found my passion for Urology.
As part of my time at Peter Mac, I was shadowing one of the Surgical Registrars conducting research in the lab. On one of my days the Registrar was very excited about a case planned for theatre that afternoon. He was buzzing with excitement and was very keen to bring us along into theatre to watch what he described as a “land-mark case”. We headed down and got changed into scrubs for our very first time. In theatre we were met with a crowd of doctors and nurses outside the operating room, all vying for a position to see this case. I remember catching a glimpse of the operating table and being shocked to find no surgeon there. Instead, over the patient appeared to be a robotic octopus of sorts, with a scrub nurse alongside changing the instruments on the end of its spindly arms. Upon further scanning of the room I spied the surgeon, hunched over inside what appeared to be an arcade console. The surgeon was sitting down with his hands on two small controls, both feet working pedals as he looked down the microscope. It looked more like he was playing a game of Daytona than the textbook illustration of a surgeon operating. This moment was my first glimpse into the exciting possible future of surgery, robot-assisted operations.
The procedure I was lucky enough to observe that day was a robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, one of the first few performed in Victoria at that time. Becoming increasingly common nowadays, robotic-assisted surgery combines the benefits of a laparoscopic approach with a 3-dimensional surgical view and greater fine tissue manipulation capability. This enables more precise operating for the surgeon with the decrease in pain and length of stay typical of laparoscopic operations (1). The Da Vinci surgical system comprises three main components:
The Surgeon Console: The “arcade console” I initially saw is actually the console at which the surgeon operates the robot. Its precise controls allow the fine manipulation of the instruments utilising hand movements and feet pedals. The controls automatically correct for any hand tremor present. The surgeon views the operating field through high-definition 3D images with magnification available.
The Patient Cart: This is the “Robotic Octopus” I described standing over the patient. The patient cart consists of four long arms which contain the camera and instruments the surgeon uses to operate. The instrument in use is at the end of these arms and can be swapped as needed by the surgical assistant or scrub nurse. The instruments feature wrist joints to enable a greater range of motion not previously possible with laparoscopic instruments.
The Vision Cart: Enables communication between all the components, as well as acting as a high-definition 3D vision system for other members of the surgical team.
The Da Vinci surgical system is used for a number of urological procedures, particularly in surgery for Prostate (prostatectomy), Kidney (nephrectomy) and Bladder (cystectomy) cancers (2). In localised renal cell carcinomas the removal of some of the affected kidney, a partial nephrectomy, is a suitable management option (3). This allows as much heathy kidney tissue (nephron-sparing) as possible to remain. Using a robot-assisted laparoscopic approach to this procedure, in contrast to an open or laparoscopic approach, is associated with fewer overall complications, shorter length of stays and less associated pain (4).
The surgery is performed through four small incisions in the abdomen to create access ports for the robotic arms, the camera and their instruments. During the procedure the surgeon can also utilise Firefly fluorescence imaging technology, which allows visualisation of the kidney’s vasculature through the injection of a fluorescent dye. This technology allows the identification of structures not visible to the human eye in real time. Ensuring adequate vascular supply remains for the healthy tissue left in-situ. After the diseased tissue is excised the surgical arms can be removed and the small incisions sutured close.
While currently associated with longer operative times, this greatly depends on surgeon experience and can be expected to decrease with increased exposure to the Da Vinci system (1). Other drawbacks to robotic partial nephrectomies are the cost associated with the purchase and up-keep of the Da Vinci system, thus it is only available in limited Victorian Hospitals. There is also significant extra training required for surgeons to learn robot-assisted techniques, particularly due to the limited tactile feedback afforded by this system (5). This can be a challenge for surgeons who are used to the “feel of operating” and thus must be more aware of their instrumentation.
Whilst not currently available at all hospitals, the Da Vinci Surgical system and robot-assisted procedures are becoming increasingly commonplace as more surgeons undergo the necessary training. This represents an exciting new frontier for surgery, allowing technology to overcome the challenges associated with operating and improve patient outcomes.
View a robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy being performed at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital (Boston, Massachusetts) at the following YouTube link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GQm90mWVMJM
To find more information about the role of the Da Vinci system in kidney surgery: https://www.davincisurgery.com/procedures/urology-surgery/kidney-surgery
1. Wu Z, Li M, Liu B, Cai C, Ye H, Lv C, et al. Robotic versus open partial nephrectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2014;9.
2. Stifelman MD, Caruso RP, Nieder AM, Taneja SS. Robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. JSLS. 2005;9(1):83-6.
3. Ljungberg B, Bensalah K, Canfield S, Dabestani S, Hofmann F, Hora M, et al. EAU Guidelines on Renal Cell Carcinoma: 2014 Update. European Urology. 2015;67(5):913-24.
4. Shen Z, Xie L, Xie W, Hu H, Chen T, Xing C, et al. The comparison of perioperative outcomes of robot-assisted and open partial nephrectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World journal of surgical oncology. 2016;14(1):220.
5. Aboumarzouk OM, Stein RJ, Eyraud R, Haber G-P, Chlosta PL, Somani BK, et al. Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. European Urology. 2012;62(6):1023-33.
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Peter Cook had great insight about using the airport as a model to build a city. I thought this was a great idea to start thinking about our city, its structure, and its infrastructure in terms of an open architectural model (which is not unlike Cedric Price’s Fun Palace or Constant’s New Babylon). A model that incorporates mobility into its day to day operations. The techniques of the airport, the harbour, the factory or the Internet should be considered as ways of thinking how the city could take form because these institution’s formation have become elastic. However, considering these models would require the deconstruction of old rules, old ways of thinking and the embracing and developing a new reference system, a new set of rules.
When I saw this book, Aerotropolis by Greg Lindsay and John D. Kasarda I was extremely intrigued because I thought it would be providing an inspiring new model. The concept of developing an urban plan in which the layout, infrastructure, and economy is centered around an airport is an interesting concept in theory but as I read more I began to question the logistics. John Kasarda is a professor of Strategy & Entrepreneurship at the University of North Carolina and has developed the term”aerotropolis.” He believes that since the global business network has changed air travel to accommodate the demand for overnight shipping, most airports built at the periphery of the city, are outdated models. He believes that major airports have become key nodes in global production and enterprise systems offering them speed, agility, and connectivity. He boldly states that “Aviation is the 21st century’s physical Internet” supplying fast long-distance connectivity. The major flaw in his proclamations is that his development model relies exclusively on fossil fuel. He is not an urban planner (yet he is the developer for the Sangdo International business district) so he is not providing a new model but relies on the same development patterns are already in use.
Needless to say I was very disappointed in Aerotropolis so I thought I would include artists who are not proposing new models but instead are exploratory and consider the unlimited possibilities about contemporary air travel and maybe the city as well. Because as Henri Lefebvre believed demanding the impossible was the only way to get all that is possible.
An Te Liu, ID, 2011, lightbox
And I thought I would end this post with a still from Fritz Lang’s Metropolis made in 1927, a movie ahead of its time.
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The Biden administration issued a draft plan on Friday to expand oil and gas drilling in the Gulf of Mexico and Alaska. The proposal from the Department of the Interior recommends holding up to 10 lease sales in the Gulf over the next five years, as well as one sale in the Cook Inlet off the coast of south-central Alaska.
It’s a significantly smaller program than the one put forward by the Trump administration, which had proposed 47 lease sales over the same time period but was never finalized. In a press release, the agency stressed that the plan was still subject to feedback from the public and that a plan with “no lease sales” was still on the table. Secretary of Interior Deb Haaland welcomed any critique.
“Today, we put forward an opportunity for the American people to consider and provide input on the future of offshore oil and gas leasing,” she said in a statement. “The time for the public to weigh in on our future is now.”
Under a 1953 law called the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, the federal government must plan for offshore oil and gas leasing on a five-year basis. The previous plan was finalized under President Barack Obama in 2016, went into effect in 2017, and expired yesterday.
Though President Joe Biden campaigned on a promise to end oil and gas leasing on public lands and waters, he reversed course on that position after entering office. In November, just days after the administration talked up U.S. climate leadership at a United Nations climate conference, Biden auctioned off leases on more than 80 million acres in the Gulf of Mexico, the largest sale in the region’s history. The administration argued it was compelled to hold the sale by law, but the whole event was later invalidated by a federal judge who found that it was based on a faulty analysis of potential greenhouse gas emissions.
There are different theories of change for how to rein in emissions and stave off worse climate disasters than the ones the world has already experienced. Some argue that demand-side policies that promote alternatives to fossil fuels can get the job done, for instance by incentivizing the use of clean technologies like wind, solar, and electric cars. Thus far, the Biden administration has adhered pretty strictly to that path, though with minimal progress. Biden’s suite of policies to boost clean energy has been tied up in the Senate for months. Yesterday, the Supreme Court ruled that the Environmental Protection Agency couldn’t force power producers to shift to renewable energy without explicit direction from Congress, constraining Biden’s ability to promote clean power.
But many climate experts argue that it will be impossible to get off oil and gas without simultaneously winding down the supply of these fuels by phasing out production.
“If the administration chooses a plan that expands leasing, it will deepen our dependence on the fuels driving the climate crisis and padding the war chests of belligerent petro states,” said Manish Bapna, president and CEO of the Natural Resources Defense Council, in a statement. “And it won’t do a thing to ease summer pump prices.”
Carbon emissions aren’t the only consideration the administration will take into account as it moves to finalize the plan. An expansion of leasing would be a major blow to communities along the Gulf Coast that have experienced the health and environmental burdens of the oil and gas industry for decades. In addition to the risk of oil spills and other threats to marine ecosystems, offshore drilling could lead to increased refining, petrochemical production, and other polluting activities onshore that directly harm human health. Alaskans in Lower Cook Inlet are also worried about impacts on fishing, tourism, and food security.
There’s some precedent for shrinking the leasing program, or even ending it altogether. In 2016, the Department of the Interior under Obama made portions of the Arctic Ocean under U.S. jurisdiction off limits to future oil and gas leasing. The government explicitly pointed to international climate goals in a fact sheet about the decision, noting that “the scientific realities of climate change dictate that the United States and the international community must be transitioning its energy systems away from fossil fuels.”
“That’s as true now as it was in 2016,” said Peter Erickson, climate policy director at the Stockholm Environment Institute, a research organization. “And essentially, what that says is, look, if we’re taking these climate goals seriously that we committed to in the Paris Agreement, we don’t need more oil and gas.”
In the plan released Friday, the Interior Department admitted as much. It cited the International Energy Agency’s net-zero report, which described how the world could achieve net-zero emissions while keeping warming well under 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit), the central goal of the Paris Agreement. The report said if the world follows the path it laid out, which includes a rapid shift toward renewable energy, electric cars, and all-electric buildings, no new oil or gas reserves will need to be developed — existing supplies will be enough.
The Biden administration has set a goal to cut the country’s emissions in half by 2030 and achieve net-zero by 2050, and already brought the United States back into the Paris Agreement. However, the offshore lease plan notes that we aren’t currently moving toward a net-zero future and projects that without major policy changes that reduce oil and gas consumption, holding additional lease sales would bring “net benefits.” In other words, the Interior Department estimates that if nothing changes, it would be better for the economy and the environment to meet oil and gas demand with new offshore drilling than with imports and onshore resources.
But consumption patterns are already changing, even under current policies. Earlier this week, the oil major BP released its annual Statistical Review of World Energy. It found that over the past decade, coal and gas consumption have been inching up at a rate of 0.1 percent and 2.2 percent per year respectively, while the growth of renewable power has exploded at an average rate of 15 percent per year. The energy research group BNEF recently declared the internal combustion engine in “permanent decline.”
There’s also still a chance that Congress will get a clean energy package to Biden’s desk in the coming months that could further shift energy consumption patterns. The offshore leasing plan concedes that major policy changes “could greatly alter demand for oil and gas,” and create an environment where a smaller U.S. oil and gas industry wouldn’t necessarily lead to more fossil fuel production elsewhere. “In a net-zero emissions pathway,” it says, “the net benefits of no lease sales could change.”
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Get in touch with gay friendly businesses all over Australia. The Rainbow Flag network gay friendly directory extends Australia wide covering all states and territories in Australia. Both the websites and our Rainbow print magazine is distributed throughout Victoria, New South Wales, Western Australia, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, The Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory. Please feel free to pick up a copy locally of our magazine and gay friendly directory guide and support our gay owned and gay friendly businesses around Australia.
Our gay friendly website is always being updated with all the latest goods & service providers around Australia. You’ll definitely be able to find that gay friendly local tradesman such as gay friendly plumbers, gay friendly electricians, or gay friendly accommodation. You’ll be confident when going into a shop or restaurant that their gay friendly. The rainbow flag is a symbol of gay pride, and is often called the gay pride flag in Australia. The Rainbow Flag Australia network, your local Australian owned gay directory. It’s all about Rainbow Pride.
Use this gay directory to locate gay friendly businesses who will not judge! Rainbow Flag is the online Gay Directory for the LGBTI‘s of Australia. Rainbow Flag covers Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide, Hobart, Canberra and Darwin. View the directory today!
It was in the year 1978 Gilbert Baker designed the first rainbow flag. This was in response to activists for a symbol for the community. Gilbert Baker, then a young a San Francisco artist, designed the flag with eight stripes: pink, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. Gilbert Baker then dyed and sewed the material for the first flag himself.
Baker then approached a local company to mass-produce the flags he designed & found out that the “hot pink” wasn’t commercially available to purchase. The flag was quickly reduced to seven stripes. In November 1978, San Francisco’s lesbian, gay & bisexual community was shocked when the city’s first openly gay supervisor, Harvey Milk, was terribly assassinated. To show the gay community’s strength and solidarity in the aftermath of the tragedy, the Pride Committee decided to use the rainbow flag designed by Baker.
It was at this point the indigo stripe was eliminated so that the colours are divided evenly along the parade route – with three colours on one side and three on the other. It wasn’t long until the six colours were incorporated into a six-striped version. The flag has become an international symbol of pride and the diversity amongst the lgbti community. The Rainbow Flag colours red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and purple make it one of the most recognised flags displayed around the world.
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Monthly Breach Report: January 2022 Edition
Cybercriminals don’t take holidays, and December 2021 only served as further proof of that. In fact, some research suggests that cyberattacks actually surge between the Christmas and New Years holidays, as both companies and individuals may have their guard down a little more than usual. Here’s how hackers took advantage to make December their own most wonderful time of the year.
Cyberattack Halts Utility Billing and Wipes out 25 Years of Data
Colorado electric utility Delta-Montrose Electric Association (DMEA) suffered a cyberattack on November 7 which halted customer billing for the 35,000-meter utility for over one month. DMEA officials expressed relief that the company’s electric grid was not affected and there was no breach of sensitive data in the company’s network. In a Nov. 29 update to its customers, the company stated the hack also resulted in a loss of 90 percent of its internal network functions, including phone and email systems, as well as the corruption of extensive customer billing data, “such as saved documents, spreadsheets, and forms.”
The company also reported it lost 25 years of historical billing data and is slowly rebuilding its network. The data loss highlights that “multiple redundancy of stored proprietary information is critical to ensure you meet or beat your recovery time objective,” notes online magazine UtilityDive. Electric utilities must engineer redundancy to avoid single points of failure and develop contingencies to minimize impact regardless of the nature of the incident, according to the Edison Electric Institute, a national association representing investor-owned utilities.
DMEA has not reported the attack as a ransomware incident, despite evidence to the contrary, according to CPO Magazine: “Ransomware attacks cause reputational damage to the victims, and many are hesitant to admit experiencing them. It will be interesting to learn the motive behind this attack if there are no ransom demands. Insider attacks motivated by revenge have had these hallmarks in the past.”
- The Register
- Delta-Montrose Electric Association Latest News
- CPO Magazine
- Edison Electric Institute
CG Energy Narrowly Avoids Russian Hacker Gang Attempt to Wipe out Electric Service to Millions
The notorious Russian hacker group Wizard Spider was recently thwarted within minutes of disrupting electric service to 3 million homes in Queensland, Australia. The attack targeted state-owned CS Energy’s two thermal coal plants and would have taken 3,500 megawatts of power off the electric grid, leaving millions in the dark. The company managed to stop the attack thanks to layers of separation and safeguards in its information communications technology (ICT) system. CEO Andrew Bills praised CS Energy’s IT team for quickly separating the corporate network from critical infrastructure, allowing for “continuity of power to Queenslanders.” As employees lost access to emails and other critical internal data, IT employees “quickly took further assertive action to physically separate the two environments.”
Active since 2016, Wizard Spider deploys a corpus of ransomware tools including Conti—which it used to gain initial access to CS Energy networks—TrickBot, Ryuk, and BazarLoader. The Australian Cyber Security Centre (ACSC) warns that Conti has targeted multiple Australian organizations since November. “Conti affiliates are known to implement the ‘double extortion’ technique by uploading stolen victim data obtained through the commission of the attack in part or full and threatening to sell and/or release additional information if their ransom demands are not met,” says the ACSC. As of press time, Conti has not leaked any CS Energy protected data.
- CS Energy
- S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA): Conti Ransomware
- Daily Mail.com
- Bleeping Computer
- Australian Cyber Security Centre: Conti Ransomware
T-Mobile Hacked for the Second Time in 2021
T-Mobile, the second largest mobile carrier in the US, suffered a small security breach in December, just months after a massive data attack last summer. This most recent leak is much less damaging than the August leak, which included nearly 50 million customers’ and prospective customers’ names, Social Security numbers, dates of birth, and drivers license numbers. Specific impacts of the December breach include one or both of the following:
- A leak of CPNI – Data included billing account name, phone numbers, number of lines on the account, account numbers, and rate plan information.
- SIMs swapped – The malicious actor changed the physical SIM card associated with customer phone numbers to obtain control of said number. This allowed access to the victim’s other online accounts being accessed via two-factor authentication codes sent to their phone number. T-Mo reports the SIM swap action has been reversed.
A 21-year-old American who claimed responsibility for the August attack told the Wall Street Journal that T-Mobile’s “security is awful.” He boasted that after scanning T-Mobile’s known internet addresses for weak spots, he used an unprotected router to access millions of customer records. On August 4, after a week of scouring servers, the hacker lifted tens of millions of former and current customers’ data. One week later, the security research firm Unit221B LLC reported to T-Mobile that someone was reaching out to online criminals offering to sell T-Mobile customer data. As for the December attack, T-Mobile has not issued any information on the attackers or the full extent of the hack.
Hackers “Stop the Presses” of One of Norway’s Largest Media Companies
In December, cyber criminals literally stopped the presses of Amedia, one of Norway’s largest local news publishers. The company owns newspaper and magazine outlets in both Norway and Russia. Out of 100 newspapers, none of Amedia’s printed papers could go to press on Tuesday, December 28, for the next day’s editions. The hack also affected the company’s advertising and subscription systems, halting all new advertising and subscriptions. The company has assured the public that passwords, read history, and financial information has not been disclosed. It is unclear, however, if PII such as names, addresses, phone numbers, and subscription history of customers has been stolen.
The attack was but one of three carried out in a one-week period in Norway. The other two included:
- On December 21, Nortura, Norway’s largest food producer, had its operating systems hacked, stopping, or slowing down most of its meat and egg production as well as stopping product deliveries
- A Christmas Eve breach on the Nordland County Municipality’s network impacted school, clinic, and public transit systems. The minor attack temporarily affected some online public services.
As of press time, none of the companies have commented on who is to blame for recent attacks and there have been no reports of ransomware demands.
“Smart Contracts” Not So Smart: Hackers Steal $31M from Blockchain Startup
In December, a hacker stole $31 million in cryptocurrency from blockchain startup MonoX Finance by exploiting a bug in the software the company uses to draft its smart contracts. MonoX Finance is a decentralized finance (DeFi) platform that allows users to trade digital currency tokens without some of the requirements of traditional exchanges, namely “without the burden of capital requirements.” DeFi cuts out middlemen, such as banks and lawyers, from traditional financial transactions, like securing a loan. Customers use a digital wallet instead of keeping their money in a bank.
Instead of middlemen, companies like MonoX Finance use smart contracts, digital contracts stored on a public blockchain that are automatically executed when predetermined terms and conditions are met. Hackers used an accounting error built into the company’s smart contract software to inflate the price of the company’s MONO tokens and then cash out all the deposited tokens, to the tune of $31 million.
The hack points to a ubiquitous vulnerability in DeFi and smart contracts. Smart contracts work by following simple “if/when…then…” statements that are written into code on a blockchain. Cyber criminals have discovered that many developers do not define security properties for their code on a blockchain, leaving smart contracts vulnerable. NBC News reports that “21 percent of all hacks in 2021 took advantage of these [smart contract] code exploits.” The report notes that although there are third party firms that perform code audits and publicly designate which protocols are secure, many users still bypass this step. Overall, cryptocurrency theft rose 516 percent from 2020, to $3.2 billion worth of cryptocurrency taken overall. Of this total, 72 percent of stolen funds were taken from DeFi protocols.
Cyber Crime or Cyber Mistake? Password Manager Confuses Customers
LastPass, a popular password manager service, assures its users that there is no evidence of a data breach despite users receiving email notifications of unauthorized login attempts. The company initially blamed the notifications on credential stuffing, “fairly common bot-related activity, involving malicious attempts to log in to LastPass accounts using email addresses and passwords that bad actors sourced from past breaches of third-party services (i.e., not LastPass).” Soon after the emails went out, one customer posted in the Hacker News Forum, “LastPass blocked a login attempt from Brazil (it wasn’t me). According to an email I received from LastPass, this login was using the LastPass account’s master password. The email doesn’t look like it’s a phishing attempt.”
The company assured customers that none of their credentials were harvested by malware, rogue browser extensions, or phishing campaigns. The company did admit that after further investigation, some of the notifications were triggered in error by LastPass. But the company pointed to its use of a zero-knowledge security model, which means that LastPass does not store, have knowledge of, or have access to users’ Master Password(s). Although no data appears to have been breached, the incident is another reminder to fortify accounts with multifactor authentication.
Don’t let your business be in next month’s headlines. Protect your valuable data with the help of PK Protect. Request a personalized demo to find out how.
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Understanding and Profiting from Crypto Hype Cycles
History doesn't repeat, but it does rhyme
If you’re following crypto at all, then you know it has historically moved in large cycles.
There have so far been three:
- One starting in late 2013
- One starting in mid 2017
- One starting in mid-late 2020
It’s easiest to see on the Bitcoin price chart:
These tend to follow the bitcoin “halving” events, when the block reward issued to miners gets cut in half every four years or so.
But this is just the top layer of the hype cycles. Within each of these “meta cycles,” there are many other hype cycles that occur, and they have so far been getting more diverse with each meta hype cycle.
In the 2013 surge, Bitcoin’s growth was followed by other Bitcoin forks like Litecoin:
In 2017, there were a new suite of cryptocurrencies that had their own hype cycle. Bitcoin and its forks went through their cycles again (you can see the Litecoin chart tracks the Bitcoin 2017 growth as well), but now there was Ethereum and the rivaling “smart contract” tokens which had their own cycles.
And so did the “Ethereum killers” like EOS:
But then within the Ethereum ecosystem, there were another set of hype cycles. The first ERC20 tokens took off, as the hype around ICOs intensified.
MakerDAO launched and immediately shot to a rather high valuation:
As did Brave’s “Basic Attention Token”:
So between 2013 and 2017, two things happened:
- The same hype cycles repeated themselves, with Bitcoin competitors following Bitcoin’s surge
- New hype cycles emerged, as money flowed into new markets looking for the next new technology that could rival Bitcoin
If this was all we knew, then what would we have expected to happen in 2020 when the next surge started?
Well, we’d expect:
- Bitcoin and its competitors to surge
- The new players who lasted from the previous cycle to have another version of their hype cycle (Ethereum and the ETH killers, plus any remaining ERC20s from that period)
- New hype cycles to emerge around new technologies
And that’s exactly what happened. Bitcoin started its run, and then the Bitcoin competitors, killers, or forks followed suit (DOGE oddly being the most notable here).
Ethereum surged, and then it was followed by the “Ethereum killers” like Solana, Avalanche, Cardano (lol).
ERC20s surged, starting with DeFi protocols then DeFi 2.0 and Gaming tokens.
And new technologies had their own cycles, the big one here being NFTs.
Very similar patterns as 2017 played out, with the old participants who lasted replaying very similar cycles bringing in their new competitors (e.g Solana and Avalanche), and then new cycles formed around the new technologies (Beeple mania, Profile Picture mania, ENS domains, etc.)
Now, obviously, history does not have to repeat itself. But it often rhymes. And since these manic periods reflect some deep human psychology around FOMO, and have played out in similar ways across most markets over time (though usually much slower), I don’t see any reason they would stop anytime soon.
So assuming they do occur again, how can we prepare mentally for them to make sure we benefit from, instead of falling victim to, their occurrences?
And how do we do it without trying to time the top and bottom, a generally impossible task?
I have a few thoughts. As always, none of this is financial advice, I’m just a pixelated headshot with a blog. And if you aren’t subscribed, make sure you are for the next article!
The Meta Cycle Will Likely Repeat
I don’t see any reason to suspect that was the end of crypto and it’s just going to go down forever now.
The most important metric to me is developer energy. As long as the devs are doing something, capital will flow back in eventually. Especially once people don’t feel scared of inflation, recession, and all the other financial boogeymen on the news right now.
If the meta cycle follows previous themes, then it would likely be kicked off by the Bitcoin halving, which will happen around April 3rd, 2024.
Now that doesn’t mean it will start surging up on that date. There’s typically a lag. The last one happened on May 11th, 2020, and Bitcoin didn’t start to really take off in price until around September. There was a 5-6 month lag before the reduced supply entering the market significantly impacted the price. Though, granted, that could have been impacted by COVID recessionary fears.
But either way, I wouldn’t expect it to be immediate, which means sometime late 2024 might be the next cycle.
There are two big confounding variables here though. First, a potential recession. The entire lifespan of crypto has happened during a 13 year mega bull market, crypto has never lived through a recession or serious bear market, so if that’s what we’re going into then that could radically change things.
Second, the Ethereum “triple halving.” When the Ethereum merge happens, likely in September 2022, the Ethereum daily issuance will drop by three halvings, about 90%. If that has a similar impact on Ethereum’s price as the halvings have on Bitcoin’s price, then we might see an earlier meta-cycle kicked off by Ethereum instead of Bitcoin. I have no idea if this will happen or not, it’s just a possibility.
While I don’t believe much in Technical Analysis, it can be very helpful for seeing where you are, even if it doesn’t actually help tell you where you are going. The main things I like to check are the 200 week, 200 day, and 20 day moving averages. If we see the 20d exceeding the 200d and 200w, and staying ahead of them for a couple weeks at a time for Bitcoin or Ethereum, we might be back in the start of a new meta cycle.
But again, the predictive power here is extremely limited. The important takeaway I think is that the meta cycle will be back, and it will probably rhyme with previous ones.
Which also means…
Smart Contract Ecosystem Cycles will Likely Repeat
Within the smart contract blockchain ecosystems, we saw a few different hype cycles:
- ETH killers
- Stablecoin platforms
- DeFi (1 & 2)
I see no reason these wouldn’t all go through their own hype cycles again, once the meta cycle is kicked off. And now that they’re all established, they’d probably start them earlier than they did these last two years since people won’t be as surprised by them. For example, it took a while in 2021 for people to realize profile pictures could be valuable. Now we know Punks and Apes could be worth half a million or more, so we’ll be quicker to move on those narratives.
The particularly interesting one here is gaming. It felt like gaming was starting a much larger surge, akin to the Bored Ape surge following Beeple, as we went into the spring of 2022. STEPN kicked it off and there were some other games really starting to take off, but then the whole market puked and the fun was cut short. I’ll be interested to see what happens with gaming next time around, especially since teams will have a few years to build some seriously good games.
One important thing to recognize with these cycles repeating though is that while the big blue chips from this cycle will likely come back in a big way, the laggards who came in later and were scraping the bottom of the barrel will probably never come back.
There was a project in 2017 called “Bitcoin Diamond” that was trying to be a Bitcoin competitor. It rode the hype cycle hard, hit a $4 billion market cap, then after the meta cycle was over it crashed and is now basically worthless:
So while tokens like Uniswap and AAVE, and NFTs like Punks and Apes, will likely reclaim and surpass their former glory, it’s very unlikely that all the second and third tier competitors will come back.
People won’t buy the second tier stuff from the last cycle, they’ll buy the new competitors from the new cycle. The potential upside will feel much higher.
There Will Be New Hype Cycles
Last, there will be new technology that comes out with tokens attached that people can speculate on, and speculate they will.
It is almost impossible to predict what these next technologies will be, since they’re going to be new iterations on the existing tech we had this cycle.
But there are ways we can get a few hints. For example, if we look at 2017, there were a couple hints of DeFi but barely any activity. Maker was the big example then. But then in 2020, there were tons of new DeFi protocols and it was a massive speculative area. So if you saw Makers success in 2017, you could ask: what other stuff like Maker might come out next time that I could buy into early? And that could have given you a clue to try things like Uniswap, AAVE, and Curve.
Crypto Punks were also around during the last cycle, and they had a bit of interest. If you were particularly savvy you could have seen that and assumed that digital art would come back in a big way, and tried to buy into it early.
Crypto Kitties was another canary. They had a brief period of serious popularity in the 2017 cycle, which foreshadowed all the crypto gaming insanity in this cycle.
So while you can’t predict the future, there are always hints.
Preparing for the Next Cycle
The easiest way to prepare is to consolidate down to the blue chip, strong teamed projects from this cycle that you are confident will make it to the next one and come back in a big way.
I wrote about what makes that list for me last week, but I’m definitely curious to hear any others.
It could be a quiet couple of years before liquidity flows back into crypto, so you want to make sure you’re only holding on to things that will make it.
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Donate reusable items to ninth annual end-of-year clothing drive for charity
From Bob Douglas, Coordinator
Recycling and Central Receiving
The annual campus exodus is starting to gear up. While packing for the move, many reusable items sometimes get discarded. If it’s reusable and clean, please recycle it. Not only do you help protect your future environment, but you also help others by recycling. Last spring, our end-of-school clothing drive collected almost a ton of clothing for local charities!
Specially marked recycling containersn will be located in all residence halls near main entrances and on some residence floors. Please pitch in and put all unwanted clothing and household items in the containers and not the dumpster (that costs us all money). Clothing should be clean and dry – no wet clothing. We also collect other usable items such as: household goods, clocks, hairdryers, drying racks, irons, electronics, packs and books (some go to Books for Africa ). The clothing will be given to Savers, Goodwill and other local charities.
Thank you, again, for helping us with this reallocation of resources. By pitching in, we help the environment, conserve university resources, and benefit those who can’t afford new clothing and household items.
This recycling effort is sponsored by the Recycling Team, Residence Life and the Physical Plant.
For questions about this project or the UST Recycling program, please send me an e-mail.
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Developmental Biology - Hearing Development|
Map of Mouse Inner Ear Sound Sensors
Valuable therapies for stem cell-based hearing loss...
A team of researchers has generated a developmental map of a key sound-sensing structure in the mouse inner ear.
Scientists at the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), part of the National Institutes of Health, with collaborators analyzed data from 30,000 cells from the mouse cochlea, a snail-shaped structure of the inner ear.
The results provide insights into genetic programs driving formation of cells important in detecting sounds. They also shed specific attention on the underlying cause of hearing loss linked to Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and Loeys-Dietz syndrome.
The study data is shared as a unique platform open to any researcher in an unprecedented resource catalyzing research on hearing loss.
Led by Matthew W. Kelley PhD, chief of Developmental Neuroscience at the NIDCD, the study is published online in Nature Communications. The research team includes investigators at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore; Decibel Therapeutics, Boston; and King's College London.
"Unlike many other types of cells in the body, sensory cells that enable us to hear don't have the capacity regenerate when they become damaged or diseased.
Clarifying how these cells are formed in the developing inner ear, is an important asset for scientists working on stem cell-based therapeutics who need to treat or reverse forms of inner ear hearing loss."
Debara L. Tucci MD MS MBA, Otolaryngology-head and neck Surgeon; Director National Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIDCD.
In mammals, the primary transducers of sound are hair cells, spread across a thin ribbon of tissue (the organ of Corti) running the length of the coiled cochlea.
There are two kinds of hair cells, inner hair cells and outer hair cells, structurally and functionally sustained by several types of supporting cells. In development, a pool of nearly identical progenitor cells gives rise to these different cell types, but factors guiding transformation of progenitor cells into hair cells are not fully understood.
To learn how the cochlea forms, Kelley's team took advantage of a method called single-cell RNA sequencing. This powerful technique enables analysis of gene activity in a single cell. Scientists learn a lot about a cell from the gene patterns that encode proteins that define cell function. Patterns change during development in response to environmental cues.
"There are only a few thousand hair cells in the cochlea, arrayed close together in a complex mosaic arrangement making cells hard to isolate and characterize.
Single-cell RNA sequencing provides us with a valuable tool to track individual cell behavior as each cell takes its place in the intricate structure of the developing cochlea."
Michael E. Kelley PhD, Laboratory of Cochlear Development, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Building on their earlier work on 301 cells, Kelley's team set out to examine gene activity profiles of 30,000 mouse cochleae cells. The cells were collected at specific time points: the 14th day of embryonic development — and the seventh postnatal day following birth. Collectively, the data is a vast catalog of information researchers used to explore cochlear development and study genes that underlie inherited forms of hearing impairment.
Kelley's team focused on one such gene, Tgf?r1, linked to two conditions associated in hearing loss:(1) Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and (2) Loeys-Dietz syndrome
Data showed Tgf?r1 is active in outer hair cell precursor cells as early as the 14th day of embryonic development. This suggests a gene that initiates formation of these cells.
To explore Tgf?r1's role, researchers blocked Tgf?r1 protein activity in cochleae from 14.5-day-old mouse embryos. When they examined these cochleae five days later, they saw fewer outer hair cells compared to embryonic mouse cochleae not treated with Tgf?r1 blocker. This finding suggests hearing loss in people with Tgf?r1 mutations could stem from impaired outer hair cell formation during development.
The study revealed other insights into early cochlear development. Pathways of inner and outer hair cells diverge early. Distinct gene activity appears at the earliest time, the 14th day of embryonic development, suggesting precursor cells which these cells derive from, are not as uniform as previously believed.
Additional research on cells collected at earlier stages is needed to characterize the initial steps in the formation of hair cells.
In the future, scientists may be able to use data to steer stem cells toward their hair cell lineage, helping to produce specialized cells in replacement approaches to revers some forms of hearing loss. The study's results also represent a valuable resource for research on the hearing mechanism and how it goes awry in congenital forms of hearing loss.
The authors made their data available through the gEAR portal (gene Expression Analysis Resource), a web-based platform for sharing, visualizing, and analyzing large multiomic datasets. The portal is maintained by Ronna Hertzano MD, PhD, and her team in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and the Institute for Genome Sciences (IGS) at the University of Maryland School of Medicine.
"Single-cell RNA sequencing data are highly complex and typically require significant skill to access. By disseminating this study data via the gEAR, we are creating an 'encyclopedia' of the genes expressed in the developing inner ear, transforming the knowledge base of our field and making this robust information open and understandable to biologists and other researchers."
Anesthetics are used every day in thousands of hospitals to induce loss of consciousness, yet scientists and the doctors who administer these compounds lack a molecular understanding for their action. The chemical properties of anesthetics suggest that they could target the plasma membrane. Here the authors show anesthetics directly target a subset of plasma membrane lipids to activate an ion channel in a two-step mechanism. Applying the mechanism, the authors mutate a fruit fly to be less sensitive to anesthetics and convert a nonanesthetic-sensitive channel into a sensitive one. These findings suggest a membrane-mediated mechanism will be an important consideration for other proteins of which direct binding of anesthetic has yet to explain conserved sensitivity to chemically diverse anesthetics.
Inhaled anesthetics are a chemically diverse collection of hydrophobic molecules that robustly activate TWIK-related K+ channels (TREK-1) and reversibly induce loss of consciousness. For 100 y, anesthetics were speculated to target cellular membranes, yet no plausible mechanism emerged to explain a membrane effect on ion channels. Here we show that inhaled anesthetics (chloroform and isoflurane) activate TREK-1 through disruption of phospholipase D2 (PLD2) localization to lipid rafts and subsequent production of signaling lipid phosphatidic acid (PA). Catalytically dead PLD2 robustly blocks anesthetic TREK-1 currents in whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. Localization of PLD2 renders the TRAAK channel sensitive, a channel that is otherwise anesthetic insensitive. General anesthetics, such as chloroform, isoflurane, diethyl ether, xenon, and propofol, disrupt lipid rafts and activate PLD2. In the whole brain of flies, anesthesia disrupts rafts and PLDnull flies resist anesthesia. Our results establish a membrane-mediated target of inhaled anesthesia and suggest PA helps set thresholds of anesthetic sensitivity in vivo.
Mahmud Arif Pavel, E. Nicholas Petersen, ProfileHao Wang, Richard A. Lerner and Scott B. Hansen.
This research was supported by the NIDCD Division of Intramural Research (ZIADC000039) as well as (ZICDC000086) to the Genomics and Computational Biology Core, which is led by Robert Morell, Ph.D., and by King's College London. The gEAR portal is primarily supported by the Hearing Restoration Project of Hearing Health Foundation, New York City, with additional funding from the NIDCD (R01DC013817) and from NIH's National Institute of Mental Health (R24MH114815). Computational resources of the NIH HPC Biowulf cluster were used in this study.
About the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD): The NIDCD supports and conducts research and research training on the normal and disordered processes of hearing, balance, taste, smell, voice, speech, and language and provides health information, based upon scientific discovery, to the public.
About the National Institutes of Health (NIH): NIH, the nation's medical research agency, includes 27 institutes and centers and is a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIH is the primary federal agency conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and translational medical research, and is investigating the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases.
The authors declare no competing interest.
Return to top of page.
Jun 5 2020 Fetal Timeline Maternal Timeline News
Single-cell RNA sequencing helped scientists map how sensory hair cells (pink) develop in a newborn mouse cochlea.
CREDIT Helen Maunsell, NIDCD/NIH.
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Everyone knows disappointment sooner or later. Friends break their word, marriages end in divorce, our children move away and never call us, colleagues betray us, the company lays us off, doctors can’t cure us, our investments disappear, our dreams are shattered, other Christians disappoint us, and very often, we disappoint ourselves. We live in a world of disappointment, and if we do not come to grips with this truth, we are doomed to be unhappier tomorrow than we are today. The author Joseph Addison declared, “Our real blessings often appear to us in the shape of pains, losses and disappointments.”
Deep down, we believe that if we do certain things, others will treat us in a certain way. We assume that we have earned certain things out of life. If those expectations are not met, we are disappointed. There is a strong correlation between good mental health and having assumptions that match reality. And there is a high correlation between misplaced assumptions and a variety of emotional problems, including depression. Wrong expectations lead to disappointment, and disappointment leads to despair.
Disappointment is a tricky emotion. It’s not wrong to remember the past and it’s certainly not wrong to grieve over what you lost. If our loss was caused by our own stupid choices, then grieving may keep us from making the same mistakes again. But eventually there comes a time when we must move on. At that point our beginnings are likely to be small and insignificant. Do not despair. From tiny acorns mighty oaks someday grow. When God wanted to save the world, he started with a baby in a manger. Small beginnings are no hindrance to the Lord. Go ahead and get started. You never know what God will do.
How long are you going to allow your future to be defined by your past? How long will you choose to stay in your disappointment? Don’t despise your present because it’s not what you wanted it to be or because it’s not what your past used to be. Lay your disappointments at the foot of the cross. Take your burdens to the Lord and leave them there. Give thanks for all your blessings. Then by God’s grace, move forward with your life, determined to serve the Lord.
It is better to begin small with God than not to begin at all and it is better to rejoice over what you have than to weep over what you used to have.
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Region: East Asia and Pacific
Country: Global / Non-Specific
883.56 KB, 1.12 MB
This document comprises a summary and analysis of a benchmark index and learning tool that assesses the capacity of countries in the Asia-Pacific region to carry out sustainable public-private infrastructure partnerships.
The methodology is based on a similar study of Latin America and the Caribbean published in 2009 and 2010. The index was built by the Economist Intelligence Unit and commissioned by the Asian Development Bank (ADB).
Asian Development Bank, Infrascope 2011 and 2014
Tracking Reference: Infrascope_2011_ADB_EN
Updated: July 13, 2022
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St Joseph Mission School
The St. Joseph Mission School Pre-K Program (SJMS) strives to provide the building blocks of cognitive, behavioral, and social skills, and ultimately the basis for long-term success. The uniqueness of our program lies in that we continue to nurture the spiritual and religious growth of our children.
As COVID-19 continues to impact our already fragile Pre-K system of care within the state and nationally, SJMS Pre-K Program has had to pivot as we implement a supportive Pre-K Program. We strive to reinforce a learning experience that not just places our students in front of a computer, during the times where virtual learning was necessary, but to cultivate an interactive in-person learning experience, during the times we are able.
Making and developing meaningful connections is so important to the school and the program, and this connection is something we have defined as our success this year. Some of those meaningful connections stemmed from our local Tribal traditional practices including traditional drumming, song and prayer. This success is a combined effort of the student, teacher, and families. It has been imperative that our curriculum is adaptable to the challenging times during the pandemic therefore, we’ve ensured that a very important and sustaining component has been family empowerment through faith, our deep-rooted rich culture, and traditions, supporting Keres/Spanish language in the home, offline activities for families and so much more. Both faith and hope are crucial elements of resilience and have linked our present circumstances to our vision for the future.
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1. Liquidation of consequences of tanker Antonio Grammi LMP accident and oil spill at the Port of Ventspils in February – April 1979.
2. Liquidation of oil spill resulted from English tanker Flobe Asimi catastrophe at the Port of Klaipeda in November 1981 – January 1982.
3. Liquidation of consequences of Greek motor-ship Rohape accident in the area of island Saaremaa in June – August 1983.
4. Liquidation of consequences of motor-ship Zeftenberg GDR accident at the Port of Ventspils in February 1985.
5. Liquidation of consequences of tanker Ludwig Svoboda LMP catastrophe at the Port of Ventspils in March – November 1985.
6. For support and assistance in arrangement and holding the XXII Olympic Games, Riga Group of SRDO has been awarded the Diploma of Gratitude issued by the Organizational Committee for the Olympic Games in Moscow in 1980.
7. Professionals of the Group participated in construction of dock passage through S. Daugava River bed for the Complex of Television and Radio Broadcasting on Zakusala Island.
8. Operations related to inspection, cleaning and repair of berthing structures and bottom of port water areas were performed on a regular basis.
9. Water-intake facility for the system of fire extinction of Republican Sports Centre in Mezapark was built and is functioning.
10. Cable communications were built for Latvglavenergo through the River Daugava.
For perfect results of performance of this task, the Group was awarded the Diploma of Merit issued by the Soviet of Ministers of Estonian SSR and Estonian Republic Soviet of Trade Unions.
- Liquidation of consequences of motor-ship Zeftenberg of German Democratic Republic accident at the Port of Ventspils in February 1985;
- Liquidation of consequences of Latvian Shipping Company tanker Ludwig Svoboda catastrophe at the Port of Ventspils in March – November 1985.
For support and assistance in arrangement and holding the XXII Olympic Games, it has been awarded the Diploma of Gratitude issued by the Organizational Committee for the Olympic Games in Moscow in 1980.
In addition to search-and-rescue services, Riga Group of SRDO under the guidance of Nickolaev G.K. performed considerable volume of diving operations for normal operating activities of organizations and companies and environment protection throughout the territory of Latvian SSR;
- Professionals of the Group built the dock passage through S. Daugava River bed for the Complex of Television and Radio Broadcasting on Island Zakusala; operations related to inspection, cleaning and repair of berthing structures and bottom of water area of Riga Cement – Slate Factory are performed on a regular basis; water-intake facility for the system of fire extinction of Republican Sports Centre in Mezapark was built and is functioning. According to the order placed by Latvglavenergo, divers built cable communications through River Daugava. Large volume of diving operations is performed every year for the Water and Sewage Sector of Riga City Executive Committee: water-intake facility of forced circulation system Jugla was reconstructed; water-intake facility of company Daugava was cleaned and maintained; underwater parts of water and sewer communications are technically inspected. In the City of Jurmala, water-intake facilities of the resort out-patient hospital were inspected and repaired. Water-supply dock lines in Harbor Voleri were built in the process of construction of Riga River Port.
- In the City of Ventspils, diving and technical operations were performed on a high quality level in the process of construction of Ventspils Sea Trading Port; loading berths of the Yan Rudzutak Fish Canning Factory are annually inspected and repaired, communications are built through River Venta for the city communication centre.
- In the City of Jekabpils, in the process of construction of Casting and Mechanical Factory, professional divers built the dispersive facility of storm-water system and water-intake structure for supplying the factory with water as well as dispersive discharge of foul water for residential district Bebru and for the city treatment facilities.
- In the city of Livani, for the purposes of the Experimental Biochemical Factory, the new bottom pipe for force-feed sewer system through River Dubna bed and dispersive facility for the treatment structures were built.
- In Village Liepa, professionals of the Group regularly perform diving and technical operations for inspection, cleaning and repair of water-intake and water-discharge structures of water-supply system for the production association of finishing materials Lode.
- In addition to regular, qualitative performance of diving operations at Riga Sea Trading Port and Riga Sea Fishing Port, divers upon first request perform operations for inspection and repair of underwater facilities and structures of sea cargo vessels and fishing vessels of the Republic according to orders placed by Rybakkolhozsojuz and Fishing Collective Farms of Latvia.
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Why we have to set up CCTV Systems
The majority of of us think we are much protected in this world. When things are working out, there feel the sense of wellness and high security. Are we actually protected? The growing number of cases of theft, criminal offense and other unlawful activities actually makes the important things gruesome. As invalid things are taking place around, we are typically worried about exactly what’s boiling down the roadway. It holds true that security is a significant issue – and in this world of unpredictability – it is necessary to take active security steps to decrease the hazards. The possible hazards such as the theft and other attacks can be effectively guardedthrough the usage of CCTV Systems.
Maintain defense of your company with sophisticated CCTV systems.
In the wake of increasing concerns, all business and houses are needed to have a thoughtful factor to consider of the integrated securitysolutions Whereas the guard do the act, the task of monitoring cannot be as accurate as the CCTV innovation does. Here comes the importance of CCTV security enters play. Modification in the innovation and the need for high clearness images made the consumers to invest in luxury monitoring systems that works well in the day and night conditions. CCTV cameras have a popular position in the CCTV system as it brings a specific summary of the prime locations within. As it has actually been carried out to ward off of the prospective hazards, these systems have a main function in improving the staff member performance– also it preserves the conduct of business in a well method. The existence of the security electronic cameras in the workplace increase the staff member’s work principles and the effectiveness. For this reason in all methods, it is crucial for business in this age to take the security in a severe note. Houses are no exception– houses likewise require a correct security monitoring with CCTV.
Protect your houses with the CCTV security
The figures relating to the burglaries and home crimes are increasing, so it’s important to protect your possession at the earliest. CCTV security is an outstanding step you can count on, if you are so major about the house security. It holds true that, houses with the CCTV electronic cameras set up are less most likely to be robed and in reality, you can keep a continuous tracking on the activities through cell phones, tablets and computer systems from any part of the world. Due to which it is actually worth investing in CCTV for your house security, as you have actually chosen to offer additional layer of defense to your darlings.
When you have actually been chosen to execute the security systems, the significant element to be considered is the position of the electronic cameras. You ought to have a particular concept of what activities and properties are to be covered. Choosing to obtain the support from a knowledgeable CCTV company has the task half done. They assist you to come with the precise solutions that fit according to your requirements.
Here comes the importance of why we have to execute CCTV
- Avoid Criminal offense; Security electronic cameras benefit keeping an eye on criminal activities and for gathering proof them. Furthermore the existence of CCTV electronic cameras make the criminal reconsider prior to they do something vicious.
- Avoid Worker Theft: Setting up the electronic cameras at essential workplace places avoids the workers from doing any theft kind of activities. This can make sure the information defense also in some situations.
- Helpful piece of proof: The information recorded by the security electronic cameras can be efficiently utilized a piece of proof in the wake of any suspicious activities. Through in this manner you can bring the genuine perpetrator prior to the world.
- Aid police fix criminal offense: With the aid of the videos, the authorities can unfold the reality of the criminal offense. If the image of the perpetrator has actually been recorded plainly, then it ends up being simple for the authorities to bring the genuine perpetrator.
- Extends the security on senior citizens and the kids: The existence of CCTV electronic camera in the houses is a true blessing to us. Through the security electronic cameras you can keep an eye on the motions of the kids and the senior members in the household.
- Watch on your essential possessions: Apart from supplying security the security electronic cameras are a terrific tool that can watch on the essential possessions throughout. You can keep an eye on the activities at the convenience of your computer system or cellular phone.
- The existence of electronic camera inside the workplace is actually an increase to the staff member habits. It’s actually like a manager who has his head over the workers. The outcome readies habits.
- There’s no other tool much better than the CCTV electronic camera is offered to see the extremely sensitized locations. With the terrific accuracy protection and the precise angle, the most sophisticated electronic cameras have the ability to catch the images even in worst lighting and climate condition.
The most obvious conclusion to be drawn from these points in this blog site is that CCTV installation is a reliable tool if the objective is to increase the total security of company and houses.
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Many motorists are aware of the risks associated with distracted driving; however, drivers continue to engage in this dangerous practice. Various news sources have detailed the hazards associated with texting, eating or talking on the phone while driving. However, sources report that there is a new problem on the horizon-webbing: internet surfing while driving.
According to a new study by State Farm, Internet surfing on portable devices while driving is the latest danger. The practice, also known as “webbing,” is particularly common among teens. The frequency of this practice among young drivers has increased from 29 percent in 2009 to 48 percent in 2012.
While webbing is common for younger motorists, State Farm asserts that motorists of all ages are webbing while driving. Between 2009 and 2012, research found that the number of drivers using the Internet while operating a vehicle increased to 21 percent from 13 percent for all age groups.
California put laws into effect in 2008 and 2009, which restrict drivers from texting or using a cellphone while driving.
In 2008, the state completely prohibited the use of a cellphone while driving. Therefore, a driver cannot talk on a wireless phone while driving unless he or she is using a hands-free device, such as a Bluetooth, headset or car kit.
Including penalty assessments, the fine for a first offense is $76. A second offense is $190. A violation of the handheld cell phone ban is a reportable offense, which appears on a violator’s driving record.
All minors are prohibited from using wireless devices use while driving, including hands-free devices.
Furthermore, a motorist cannot write, transmit or read text-based communication on an electric wireless communications device while driving a motor vehicle. The law specifies that a driver may not use the Internet or send emails on a cellphone while driving. These activities are illegal even if the motorist is stopped in traffic.
The fine for violating this anti-texting law is $20 for the first offense and $50 for each subsequent offense. However, additional penalty assessments can add to the fines.
While states have used legislative efforts to prevent distracted driving, motorists continue to take serious risks on the road. Unfortunately, all it takes is a simple text message to compromise the life of another.
If you have been injured in a distracted driving accident, or by someone you suspect was internet surfing while driving you should contact an experienced personal injury attorney today.
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A trust fund is a legal entity established for the purpose of holding assets for the benefit of specific people, or even for an organization. Children are frequent beneficiaries of trust funds because trust funds can safeguard your assets and make sure they are used for your children’s stewardship. How can a trust fund accomplish this?
- Setting up a trust fund for your children is not necessarily just for wealthy families.
- Children are often beneficiaries of trust funds by parents or grandparents who want to pass along their assets.
- A will can be challenged by third-parties making it a risker option for dispensing your assets. A trust will ensure your money reaches the intended recipient.
- You can set the trust up to be dispersed when the child reaches a certain age, and you can set up a payment schedule or disperse it in one lump sum.
Guaranteeing Funds Are Available for Your Children
One of the primary benefits of having a trust is that the assets held within it are protected from legal claims. With the possible exception of retirement savings, any assets that you have are subject to seizure by courts and creditors. However, assets held in trust are legally protected.
This will be important if, after setting up targeted savings or investment accounts for your children, you are forced to file bankruptcy, or you experience business failure. Still another possibility is facing a lawsuit as a result of civil liability.
Irrevocable Trust vs. Revocable Trust
There is an important distinction in regard to trusts, however. In order for assets to be protected, they have to be held in an irrevocable trust. This is a type of trust in which the terms of the trust are created at the outset, and then become permanent. You cannot change them, even if you are funding the trust. This means that you will give up a certain amount of control over the trust. But if you want the assets completely protected, that will be absolutely necessary.
The other type of trust is referred to as a revocable trust or living trust. You can retain control over the trust, but for that reason, it will remain subject to seizure by creditors and other parties.
Safeguarding the Money
A trust gives you the ability to name specific beneficiaries, and once you do, your intentions cannot be changed after the fact. This means that you will be able to specifically name your children as beneficiaries of the trust–and even exclude certain children if that is your choice–and your wishes will be carried out.
This is not true with regular investment accounts, and not necessarily true in the case of a will. Since a will disperses your general assets, any part of it can be challenged by unintended third parties. A trust will ensure that the money goes to the people listed in the trust, and no one else.
Ensuring Funds Are Available for the Long-Term
One of the biggest advantages of a trust is that you have control over how the money in the trust is dispersed to the beneficiaries. You can have it done in a lump sum, or you can have it parceled out over a period of several years. You can even set it up as an annuity to make payments to the beneficiary on any basis that you choose–monthly, quarterly, semiannually, or annually.
You can think of this as a kind of “spendthrift provision.” It will make sure that the money isn’t dispersed from the trust and then blown quickly by the beneficiary. This can be especially important with young children, when there may have to be a guardian appointed, or even for young adult children, whom you may not entirely trust in handling the money early in life.
You can set the trust up to be dispersed when the child reaches a certain age, say 25, 30, or even 50 years old. That will allow you to delay turning the assets of the trust over to your child until they reach an age at which you believe they will be financially responsible. You can even choose to make monthly or annual payments up to a certain age, upon which the remaining balance of the trust will be issued to the individual in a lump sum.
Ensuring the Money Is Used for Intended Purpose
A trust can be set up in such a way that you can even determine what the specific purposes of the distributions will be for. For example, you can include wording in the trust that requires that the money is disbursed only for major expenses, such as a college education, buying a home, starting a business, or even caring for a child or grandchild with a disability.
Though we may not like to think about it this way, if you have a child who has a substance abuse problem, a gambling disorder, or whose spending habits you do not condone, putting restrictions on the reasons for which it will be dispersed can be the perfect way to guarantee that the money will be available only for expenditures that will help to improve your child’s life.
Making Sure Money Is There After You’re Gone
While it’s true that you can use a will to bequeath your estate to your children, a trust will accomplish that goal much more efficiently and completely.
This will be especially important in the event that you die before your children reach adulthood. A trust will guarantee that funds will be available during your children’s time of dependency, as well as when they are adults. In this way, you can create a method by which money will be available for their care, for their college educations, and to help them enter the adult world when they’re older.
You may not be there to provide the funds for all of those essential needs, but the trust fund will help take care of them in your absence. An independent trustee can be appointed who will handle the disbursement of assets upon your death based on the terms you spelled out in the trust. This will guarantee that those disbursements will happen in an orderly fashion, and at the intervals that you consider to be appropriate.
The Bottom Line
You can use conventional investment accounts, or even a will, to distribute assets to your children. But a trust fund will do it safely, and in exactly the way you want it to occur.
Sourced from Investopedia
You can take that bold step to ensure your children or wards have a future you desire for them now. Open an ARM Education Trust Account Here
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Can I participate in research?
Yes. There are observational (clinical database) studies and therapeutic research trials ongoing. Click here to learn more about participating in MCC research.
Do normal Merkel cells turn into Merkel cell carcinoma?
The answer to this question is not known with certainty, but multiple lines of evidence suggest that Merkel cell carcinoma does NOT derive directly from normal Merkel cells. This is in part because it has proven impossible to get a normal Merkel cell to divide and grow. It is more likely that the precursor of a normal Merkel cell (a stem cell in the epidermis) gives rise to both the normal Merkel cell and separately, to Merkel cell carcinoma. There are several studies that have determined that normal Merkel cells are derived from epidermal precursor cells.
Does a patient support group exist for MCC?
An active support group exists for MCC. Learn more about getting support and joining support groups with other MCC patients and their friends and family members.
Is MCC hereditary/are my children more likely to get MCC?
There are no data suggesting that MCC runs in families. However, in general people, with light skin are at risk for all types of skin cancers. In fact, there are no reported cases of MCC occurring in multiple members of one family. However, through our cohort of over 1000 patients and others who have contacted us directly, we are now aware of four separate families in which two closely related family members had MCC. We do not think this supports the notion that MCC risk particularly runs in families.
What causes MCC?
Recent genetic studies have shown that Merkel cell carcinomas are caused either by mutations induced by sunlight or by the Merkel cell polyomavirus. Risk factors strongly associated with the development of MCC include fair skin, a history of extensive sun exposure, chronic immune suppression (kidney or heart transplantation or HIV), and over age 50.
What does MCC look like?
MCC usually develops on sun-exposed skin as a firm, painless, flesh-colored to red-violet bump. The initial small bump tends to grow rapidly over weeks to months. Some images can be seen on our Clinical Photos page.
What is a lymph node?
The lymphatic system is a system of vessels and lymph nodes throughout the body. It serves an important function in the immune system. Lymph nodes act as filters to trap cancer cells as they travel through the lymphatic vessels. The lymph nodes that filter the legs are in the inguinal region between the thigh and the abdomen. The lymph nodes that filter the arms are in the armpit (axilla). Those that drain the skin of the face can be under the chin (submandibular), along the neck (cervical), or around the ears (pre/post-auricular).
What is a Merkel cell?
Merkel cells are found in the epidermis (outer layer of the skin). Although the exact function of Merkel cells is unknown, they are thought to be touch receptors. They have both sensory and hormonal functions and are sometimes referred to as neuroendocrine cells. Learn more about Merkel cells.
What is an antibody titer?
The antibody titer is the standard measure of how much of a particular antibody is in the blood. The titer value increases as the amount of that antibody increases in the blood.
What is an antibody?
An antibody is a highly specific protein made by our bodies that can recognize and bind to an agent such as a bacteria or virus.
What is Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC)?
MCC, also referred to as neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, arises from uncontrolled growth of cells that share some characteristics with normal Merkel cells of the skin. It is a rare skin cancer with an incidence of about 2,000 cases per year in the US, and this number is continuing to increase. MCC will prove fatal in roughly 1/3 of patients and should receive prompt, but appropriately customized treatment.
What issues should I be sure to discuss with my physicians?
Merkel cell carcinoma is rare, so it is common for many medical professionals to be unsure of where to start. When a diagnosis occurs, it is imperative that your medical team be knowledgeable, as they will need to execute the plan that MCC specialists will create. Our clinical team recommends that all healthcare providers follow the NCCN guidelines for MCC to bring them up to speed about MCC and how to care for patients.
Where does MCC occur on the body?
MCC primarily occurs on highly sun-exposed skin such as the head/neck and arms, but it can occur anywhere on the body, including sun-protected areas such as the buttock. Learn more about the symptoms and appearance of Merkel cell carcinoma.
Who gets MCC?
Individuals over the age of 65 are far more likely to develop MCC. Fair skin and a history of extensive sun exposure also increase the chances. MCC is associated with weakened immune function, such as in patients with HIV or organ transplants. However, over 90% of people who get MCC have no known immune suppression.
Are there aspects of holistic or complementary care that make sense for all cancer patients?
Yes. Ensuring that cancer patients have a good diet, sufficient exercise, and a realistic but optimistic outlook is likely to improve the efficacy of traditional cancer care as well as quality of life.
What are the main differences between the 7th & 8th Editions of the AJCC Staging Systems for MCC?
It has recently been realized that MCC patients with nodal disease who have no known primary lesion do better than node-positive patients who still have a primary lesion in place. These two categories of Stage III (nodal) disease are separated in the new system, resulting in more accurate prediction of recurrence. In the 8th Edition system, it is now necessary to note whether staging was ‘clinical’ or ‘pathologic’ (see table in 8th Edition system) for a summary.
At what point during treatment of a patient diagnosed with MCC would we code the patient visit as prior history of MCC?
There is no cut off time. In the past, people have used 5 years as the cut off but that is no longer applicable since treatments are much more effective now. The guidelines for coding malignancy state: “When a primary malignancy has been previously excised or eradicated from its site and there is no further treatment directed to that site and there is no evidence of any existing primary malignancy, a code from category 285.821: Personal history of malignant neoplasm, should be used to indicate the former site of the malignancy.” The intent of the history codes (in the cases of history of MCC you would use 285.821) is to indicate that the condition no longer exists and is not receiving any treatment, but that has the potential for recurrence, and therefore may require continued monitoring.”
How does one code MCC recurrence? Would one have to list both prior history along with code for the current lesion ?
If the recurrence happened after treatment had ended and the patient was in the history phase, then it would be coded using a Chapter 2-Neoplasms code for the new malignancy (even if it is recurring at the site of the previous malignancy) AND ALSO code 285.821 to show that there was a history.
What does MCC of other site include for ICD codes? Are there any other site other that can be included in this code?
Currently the index includes the sites of genital and buttock to code C4A.8: Merkel cell carcinoma of other sites. We also include “specified site not elsewhere classified” to this code (C4A.8) in case a site would be documented that is not specifically in the index.
How are metastases detected?
A physical exam may reveal a new skin lesion, an enlarged lymph node or an enlarged liver that may signal the spread of MCC. A lesion of metastatic MCC may appear as a 1-3 cm, flesh-colored to red-purple bump that feels firm, is deeper compared to the primary lesion, and grows rapidly over a period of 2-4 weeks. The AMERK serology test can be an inexpensive, safe and sensitive approach to detect early recurrence. See the Symptoms and Appearance of MCC page for common sites of MCC metastasis. Blood tests, such as liver function tests (LFTs), may be used to detect the spread of MCC to internal organs, such as the liver. If a doctor is suspicious of distant metastases, he or she may use non-invasive imaging techniques, such as chest X-ray, CT (computed tomography) scans, and PET (positron emission tomography) scans.
How can I increase my chances of survival?
You can increase your chance of survival by working with a team of doctors that is familiar with the unique management of MCC. In most cases, getting a baseline scan and a sentinel lymph node biopsy is the best way to determine how advanced your cancer is. MCC is not the same as small cell lung cancer, and thus should not typically be treated with chemotherapy alone. Similarly, MCC is not the same as melanoma, and thus extra consideration should be taken before treating with surgery alone. Another important aspect of your treatment is to continue to eat a healthy diet and get regular exercise to help keep your immune system and overall health strong.
Should all patients participate in complementary or alternative therapies for their cancer?
No. Participation in these ‘scientifically unproven’ approaches to cancer therapy should be strictly voluntary. Some patients are very keen to use these approaches and others have no interest. We never push our patients to engage in any specific alternative approach.
What are my chances of beating Merkel cell carcinoma?
Your chance of beating MCC depends on how advanced the disease was when it was diagnosed, what treatment you receive and if your immune system is functioning properly. The “stage” of your cancer refers to whether the cancer is only in the skin, has spread to the lymph nodes or has spread elsewhere in the body. In general, about 1/3 of all MCC patients will succumb to this disease.
What immune problems make beating MCC more difficult?
People with severe defects in “T lymphocytes” (key cells of the immune system) have a 10-30 times greater chance of developing MCC and twice the chance of losing the battle with MCC compared to people with a normal immune system. The conditions that cause such severe T lymphocyte defects include HIV (AIDS), taking immune suppressive drugs after solid organ transplantation, and certain immune cancers such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In contrast, suffering from more “colds” than average will not importantly affect your ability to fight MCC.
What kind of follow-up do I need?
After your initial treatment, you will need to be followed closely by a physician to do regular skin and lymph node exams and take a thorough history. Visits should be approximately every 3 months for year 1 and then every 3-6 months for year 2, and then annually after that.
After a patient has received treatment for his/her MCC, when will his/her oncoprotein antibody titer become negative?
Even after treatment, some people’s oncoprotein antibody titers may never become fully negative. Patients may stabilize at a low positive oncoprotein antibody titer (<2000). Regardless, a significant decrease in oncoprotein antibody titers is expected after treatment.
Among patients who made oncoprotein antibodies at diagnosis, what does a falling (or newly negative) titer mean?
Among 230 tests with falling or newly negative titers, the patient had no evidence of disease recurrence in 226 instances. In this setting, surveillance per routine guidelines (available via nccn.org) should be followed.
Can serology be used to diagnose or screen for MCC?
The serology test is NOT meant for diagnostic or screening purposes, since MCC can only be diagnosed through a biopsy.
Does a patient need to be fasting for the blood draw?
No, a patient can give blood at any time of day and does not need to fast.
Does serology indicate whether or not a patient has the virus in their cancer?
If a patient is positive for the oncoprotein antibody, then he has the Merkel virus in his cancer. If a patient is negative for the oncoprotein antibody, it is not clear whether or not he has the virus in his cancer.
How can doctors order the serology test?
A patient’s medical team must fill out the order form and ship the sample to UW Lab Medicine in Seattle.
How do I obtain a copy of the University of Washington CLIA and CAP accreditations relating to the serology test?
The certifications and licenses can be found here: UW Department of Laboratory Medicine Licenses and Accreditations
How fast should oncoprotein antibody titers be falling?
The rate of decrease in antibody titers varies from patient to patient, but typically will fall by more than half in the first year.
How often and for how many years should a patient have this test run?
For patients who make oncoprotein antibodies, we typically recommend an interval of 3 months between two tests. Depending on the stage of the disease and other risk factors, after 3 to 5 years patients and their medical teams may choose to run the test less often or discontinue it.
How was the serology test developed?
The dedicated research efforts of the Moore-Chang Lab, Galloway Lab, Nghiem Lab and UW Clinical Immunology Lab were integral to this research.
If a patient does not make oncoprotein antibodies, does that lower his chances of beating MCC?
Ongoing analysis of our results suggests that survival may be improved among patients who make oncoprotein antibodies. Whether or not patients make these antibodies does not currently affect how we treat MCC.
If it turns out that the serology test is not useful for a patient (because they don’t make antibodies), how will the disease be monitored?
If a patient does not make oncoprotein antibodies when he has the disease, then the serology test won’t be helpful for monitoring. However, the patient should continue regular clinical visits and imaging studies as recommended by his medical team.
If the oncoprotein antibody titer is rising, how likely is it that there is a recurrence?
Among 23 tests with increasing titers, there was evidence of disease recurrence in 14 instances.
Is it better to have a higher titer of Merkel virus oncoprotein antibodies?
A higher titer of oncoprotein antibody is not directly associated with any change in the chances of beating the cancer. One cannot compare the values across patients because the antibody titers are only meaningful if tracked over time for an individual patient. Changes in antibody titers are more important than the specific titer value itself.
Is this test useful for ongoing tracking of disease burden in patients who have MCC that can be seen on physical or radiological exams?
After determining whether a patient makes these antibodies, we do not use this test if MCC remains clinically detectable. In such cases, it is preferable to track known disease using radiologic imaging or physical exam as appropriate.
What are the risks or side effects of the testing procedure?
The testing procedure involves a small-volume blood draw. No major risks or side effects of the testing procedure have been identified.
What does a borderline oncoprotein antibody result mean?
Patients with a borderline result (a titer of 75-150) for the oncoprotein antibody test at a time when MCC was present may or may not make antibodies to the oncoprotein. The effectiveness of monitoring through the serology test is unclear in such patients.
What does it mean if a patient had an increase in oncoprotein antibody titer and his scan does not show any obvious disease?
There are 2 possible explanations: The test result is inaccurate There may be a very small MCC recurrence that can not be seen on the scan and that the patient’s immune system may or may not eliminate A follow-up serology test and imaging study may be indicated in a few months.
What does it mean to be positive or negative for “capsid” antibodies?
A positive capsid antibody result means a person has been exposed to the Merkel virus in the past. It does not have any bearing on whether the person has active MCC. Capsid antibodies cannot be used to track the disease.
What does it mean to be positive or negative for “oncoprotein” antibodies?
Only 50% of newly diagnosed MCC patients make oncoprotein antibodies. A negative test for oncoprotein antibodies when a patient has the disease means that the patient does not make antibodies and therefore the serology test will not be a useful tool to monitor the disease. A positive test for oncoprotein antibodies (titer>150) means that the serology test can be used to track the disease, and we would expect antibody titers to decrease after the cancer is successfully treated.
What does the Merkel serology test detect?
This test detects antibodies to the oncoprotein of the Merkel virus in the blood.
What is concerning for recurrence?
If a patient is receiving regular serology tests, an increase in oncoprotein antibody titers – with or without symptoms – is concerning for a recurrence. An increase in oncoprotein antibody titers should be discussed with the patient’s physician who may consider ordering an imaging study.
What is the cost of the serology test?
As of 2019, the charge for UW Lab Medicine to perform this test will be approximately $600 the first time the test is performed. Subsequent tests will cost approximately $300. The facility that orders the test will also charge for the blood draw, isolating serum, shipping and tracking the sample, recording and reporting the results. The total cost will therefore vary significantly between facilities.
What is the Merkel virus?
The Merkel virus was first discovered in 2008 (by Patrick Moore and Yuan Chang’s group) and is now known to play a role in >80% of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs). The virus is commonly found on people’s normal-appearing skin and typically causes no problems. Important components of this virus include: The capsid protein (VP1) is a structural protein on the outer layer of the virus. The oncoprotein (T-antigen) is a separate protein encoded by the virus.
What is the sensitivity of the oncoprotein antibody test?
The ‘sensitivity’ of a test reflects the ability of the test to find the disease when it is present. The sensitivity of the oncoprotein antibody test is 78%. The data used to calculate these numbers are below in the ‘2 by 2’ table among 253 samples. First Recurrence Evidence of Disease Recurrence Serology Test Results Positive Negative Increasing 14 4 Decreasing 4 226
What is the specificity of the oncoprotein antibody test?
In general, the ‘specificity’ of a test reflects how accurately the test identifies absence of disease among those who are without disease. The specificity of the oncoprotein antibody test is 98%.
What type of facility should I go to in order to have my blood drawn for this test?
In general, labs at larger hospitals are more accustomed to drawing and processing blood.
Where can I find technical details regarding sample collection and handling relating to this test?
See the UW Laboratory Test Catalog here.
Who could benefit from the serology test?
This test is for patients with biopsy-proven MCC who want to monitor their disease status for recurrence.
Who funded the research for this serology test?
The research was funded in part through grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the American Cancer Society (ACS) and many generous donors.
Who should NOT receive the serology test?
This test is not useful for MCC patients who did not have oncoprotein antibodies at a time when they had evidence of MCC.
Who will receive the results?
The results will be sent to the ordering physician’s office typically in less than one month.
Will insurance cover the cost of the test?
As this test is for a rare disease, different insurance companies may or may not cover the cost of the test.
Testing & Diagnosis
Do I need scans?
CT scans (or “CAT” scans), X-rays, MRI, bone scan and PET scans are different types of imaging to look inside the body. They are sometimes used to find cancer inside the body that is not evident from the outside. There is a lot of controversy about how to use such scans. They are particularly important if MCC has been found to have spread to the lymph nodes to evaluate if significant disease has also developed elsewhere. In general, scans are far less effective in detecting early spread than a sentinel lymph node biopsy. Learn more about testing for MCC.
How does MCC metastasize?
Cancer cells from an MCC tumor can break off and go into the lymphatic system or the blood. These cells can then go elsewhere in the body where they can either be killed by the immune system or take residence in a new location and start growing as a metastasis (tumor in another part of the body).
How does staging work for MCC?
In general, cancers are staged according to where the cancer is in the body: local (skin only), nodal (involves the lymph nodes), or metastatic (spread elsewhere in the body). The best survival is for local stages; the poorest is in metastatic stages with nodal disease somewhere in between. In the past, there were five different staging systems for MCC, and this created confusion. The AJCC 7th Edition Staging Manual, which is the first international “consensus” staging system, will be officially replaced by the 8th Edition at the start of 2017.
Is it very challenging for a pathologist to make the diagnosis of MCC?
While an MCC on the skin can look quite unconcerning (like a cyst or folliculitis lesion), under the microscope, MCC can easily be identified as a cancer of the ‘small blue round cell’ category. When a lesion falls into that category, the pathologist almost always orders a set of tests as described above (CK20, TTF1, etc). In the vast majority of cases, the pattern of CK20 and other tests makes the diagnosis of MCC quite easy for the pathologist.
What are the advantages of a sentinel lymph node biopsy?
Because MCC has already spread to the adjacent lymph nodes that feel normal in nearly one third of cases at diagnosis, figuring out whether this has happened or not helps in properly “staging” a patient, and thus in more accurately predicting the chance the cancer will recur. If the nodes are involved, treating them with radiation or surgery markedly reduces the risk the cancer will come back in those nodes.
What is the best way to decide if an MCC patient should have radiation?
While there is agreement that radiation therapy lowers the risk of MCC recurrence, there is great controversy as to exactly which patients should receive this therapy. The side effects, cost, and inconvenience of radiation therapy can be significant. Patients with extremely low risk disease should not receive radiation, and patients with high risk disease should be offered this therapy. Determining which moderate-risk disease patients should receive radiation is very tricky and needs to be customized for each patient’s philosophy regarding recurrence risk versus side effects. Ideally, this discussion should take place with a multi-disciplinary team that is very familiar with the relevant literature and the risks and benefits of radiation therapy for MCC.
When should the sentinel lymph node biopsy performed?
It is important to perform a sentinel lymph node biopsy at the time of (or prior to) a significant re-excision surgery. This is because extensive surgery at the site of the tumor disrupts the tiny lymphatic vessels that connect the tumor to the regional 1-2 lymph nodes where the cancer may have spread microscopically.
Where can MCC spread?
MCC can spread to other areas of the skin, the lymph nodes, or anywhere else in the body including the liver, bone, lung, and brain.
Can Mohs surgery be done at the same time as a sentinel lymph node biopsy?
Typically not. Mohs surgery is typically done in a dermatologist’s office. A sentinel lymph node biopsy is typically done in an operating room by a surgical oncologist, using general anesthesia. If a patient needs a node biopsy, it typically needs to be done in advance of Mohs surgery, by a different physician.
Do I need a sentinel lymph node biopsy?
A sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a procedure in which a radioactive dye is injected near the primary tumor site, and the one to three nearby lymph nodes that “light up” (take up the dye) are removed by the surgeon and sent for pathologic examination (microscopic evaluation by a pathologist). This SLNB procedure is usually performed at the time of surgery and is much less accurate if a wide surgical excision has already been done. SLNB is important because MCC can spread by lymphatic vessels very early in the disease. At such a time, disease spread is not detectable by palpation (feeling the lymph nodes) or by scans but is readily detected by this test. For these reasons, SLNB is the best way to determine if MCC has spread elsewhere in the body, and it can help determine if the local lymph nodes require treatment.
Do I need chemotherapy?
In general, chemotherapy is reserved for late stages of MCC, when immune therapies are not an option. For disease that is not metastatic, good control can often be achieved with surgery and radiation alone.
Do I need surgery?
A surgical excision is usually performed after a diagnostic biopsy as the first step of appropriate treatment for MCC. The goal of surgery is to remove any remaining cancer that can be seen either by the naked eye or under a microscope.
How could a patient get access to an Immune checkpoint inhibitor for MCC?
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are given through clinical trials, off-label, or compassionate use (where the pharmaceutical companies pay for the therapy).
How should MCC be treated?
In most cases, complete surgical excision of the tumor should be carried out immediately following a sentinel lymph node biopsy procedure. After a few weeks of healing, in many cases, radiation therapy to the primary tumor site and sometimes the draining lymph node area may be appropriate. If no cancer remains after surgery and radiation, we do not typically recommend adding adjuvant chemotherapy for a variety of reasons as outlined here. Learn more about MCC treatment options.
How should my treatment plan be determined?
Your MCC case should be reviewed by a multidisciplinary team including surgical oncologists, radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, and dermatologists with significant experience in managing MCC to develop a plan that could then be carried out by your local physicians. It is important that you and your doctors realize that optimal management of MCC is different than that for small cell lung carcinoma and for melanoma. The most significant difference is the important role of radiation in managing many cases of MCC. Another important difference is that adjuvant chemotherapy has not been shown to improve survival in MCC. Learn more about treatment options for MCC.
What are the requirements for Merkel cell carcinoma clinical trials?
Every clinical trial has a different set of requirements, and can limit enrollment based on age, tumor size, extent of disease, past treatments and immune status.
What immune checkpoint inhibitors are FDA-approved for MCC?
Avelumab (Bavencio) is the first and only FDA-approved immunotherapy drug for MCC. Avelumab has received orphan drug and breakthrough drug status for its use in MCC. Pembrolizumab was recently listed as a treatment option for patients with metastatic MCC on the NCCN guidelines. This drug is approved by the US FDA for treatment of other cancers and can be prescribed by oncologists outside of clinical trials.
What is single-fraction radiation for MCC?
In some cases, especially if MCC has spread beyond the local-nodal area, we have successfully used a single, larger dose (8 Gy) of radiation to shrink and sometimes eliminate a given metastatic lesion. This approach has relatively few side effects and may work nicely together with systemic immune stimulation therapy. We described this approach in a 2015 report on 93 tumors treated in 26 patients.
What is the correct surgical margin size for a Merkel cell carcinoma?
This is an extremely tricky and controversial point. If radiation will be used, then surgical margins can be very small and narrow (just taking out the obvious portion of the tumor provides superb results when combined with adjuvant radiation). In contrast, if radiation is not planned, margins that are greater than 1 cm (ideally 2 cm) are associated with a lower risk of recurrence.
What kind of treatments are administered on Merkel cell carcinoma clinical trials?
Typically, MCC clinical trials administer immune checkpoint inhibitors but also include chemotherapy, certain types of radiation, and combinations of therapies. Please explore the National Institutes of Health’s website to learn more about active MCC clinical trials, their eligibility, and location sites.
When is surgery alone sufficient for treating Merkel cell carcinoma (no radiation)?
This is an extremely controversial area. Some studies, including ones led by the Bichakjian and Coit teams, suggest that MCCs can be treated with surgery alone, with very few patients experiencing relapse. Other studies suggest that radiation cuts the risk of local recurrence by 2-3 fold. A reasonable approach is that surgical excision alone is likely sufficient for certain low-risk tumors. For example, no radiation is usually needed if the tumor is relatively small (<2cm), the sentinel lymph node biopsy is negative, larger surgical excision margins are achieved (typically about 2cm), there is no lymphovascular invasion noted by the pathologist, if the pathologist cannot find any tumor cells at the margin, and if the patient is not immune suppressed. If these higher risk factors are present, it means there would likely be greater benefit of adding radiation therapy.
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What does Reshef mean?
The meaning of Reshef is "mythical name".
Reshef is generally used as a boy's name.
It consists of 6 letters and 2 syllables and is pronounced Re-shef.
The Given Name Reshef
A wonderfully distinctive name.
Reshef has no variant spellings.
Reshef falls into the Egyptian myth name category.
In contrast, the year before less than 5 boys were given the name. Less than 5 girls were given the name.
Want to see how Reshef sizes up? How it compares to some other names? Then check out the Reshef Name Popularity Page.
Reshef Related Names
It may all be in the numbers.
The numbers that make up your child's name.
Numerology may give you some insight.
Children named Reshef are often even and bold but most of all they are read more >>
Reshef Name Fun
Then just follow the diagram below.
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Semi-Permanent Hair Removal
SEMI-PERMANENT HAIR REMOVAL
The process of hair removal by means of exposure to pulses of laser light that will kill the hair follicle.
For best results hair should be a shade darker than you skin tone. Light again is attracted to this pigment and turned into heat to destroy the hair follicle.
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CHICAGO — Texture is the new color in food and beverage product development, said Lynn Dornblaser, director of insights and innovation at Mintel. Vivid hues have captured consumer attention in recent years, with ingredients such as spirulina and activated charcoal tinting ice cream cones, smoothie bowls and more. Make way for products described as crunchy, flaky or frothy.
“Consumers want to experiment; they want to try new things,” Ms. Dornblaser said at IFT18, the Institute of Food Technologists’ annual meeting and food exposition in Chicago. “They’re looking for those unique textural experiences.”
The use of texture claims in global food and drink launches is rising but still relatively low, she said. A third of global food and drink products with texture claims launched in the past year were described as crunchy, crispy, crusty, brittle or nutty. A fifth were classified as smooth, silky, velvety, creamy or buttery. Other descriptors were soft (11% of launches with a texture claim), carbonated or bubbly (8%) and chewy or gummy (6%).
“For products that make the claim that say something on pack about the texture, consumers are more likely to say they would buy those than products that don’t make a statement about the texture,” Ms. Dornblaser said.
This is especially true for meals and chocolate confectionery, both of which are more likely to feature a broader variety of textures, she noted. Consumers also are more likely to purchase bakery products and breakfast cereals described as crunchy and less likely to purchase dairy products and ice cream described as smooth.
“We also see consumers really being interested in a contrast of textures, having that multi-textural experience,” Ms. Dornblaser said. “Having things be crunchy and smooth, or chewy and creamy or whatever it happens to be.”
Packaged yogurt featuring mix-ins is gaining favor as consumers increasingly seek multiple textures and new experiences. These products are especially popular among 18- to 34-year-olds, Ms. Dornblaser said.
“It feels like a key target market are those younger consumers, and that’s mainly millennials and younger than millennials as well, that Generation Z consumer,” she said.
Food and drink with unusual textures, such as bubble teas at a coffeehouse, are likely to appeal to this demographic, she said.
Healthy ingredients such as nuts, seeds, grains, fruits and vegetables may add texture to food and beverages. Recent vegetable innovation such as cauliflower “rice” and zucchini “noodles” add a textured twist to familiar foods.
Unexpected shapes and detailed textures also may enhance the visual appeal of a product or dish.
“There’s a lot of potential to look at a multi-textural experience more than just one texture in a product, to really talk about the mix of textures to make a product more interesting and really elevate that experience,” Ms. Dornblaser said.
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Stark poverty and hunger is stalking contemporary India but no one wants to see it or talk about it, especially the establishment and its economists. If statistics could tell stories of infinite sorrow, then nothing less than a mass tragedy, devastating, invisible and ghettoized, is currently stalking the inner lanes of an unhappy Indian landscape, and spreading with as much deathly intent as the deadly delta virus.
First, let us talk of the ‘missing women’. The unorganized sector, with practically no rights for workers, operated by cold-blooded sharks outside official labour laws, with not even job protection for fixed days, or fixed wages, shelter and crèches for children, no maternity and health benefits for women, no provident fund/gratuity/pension, or trade union rights, etc, constitutes more than 90% of the Indian workforce. Barring some states like Kerala, Delhi and West Bengal, workers in the unorganized sector largely don’t have fundamental rights. Half of them are women – and most of them are from the poorest communities – landless Dalits, adivasis, extremely backward castes, Muslims.
The fact is thousands of women seem to have disappeared from the work force since the pandemic. So where have all the women gone?
It’s a fact that majority of domestic helps, working in the gated societies, for instance, lost their meager income since March last year. Many of them were socially ostracized, unceremoniously sacked, not paid their wages, and banned from entering the gated societies. Many were compelled to ‘migrate’ back to their jobless small towns or villages with eternally stagnant economies.
Workers were told by their employers to leave the dingy tenements in urban ghettos, where 5 or more would share a room, because they could not pay the rent. Their children opted out of schools. Many women, and their kids, were seen ‘begging’ outside the posh markets in Noida, even as the rich filled their cars with goodies during the relaxation in curfew hours.
ALSO READ: No Country For Migrant Workers
Many families have been starving, or eating one meal. All of them want to work and earn with dignity; others are afraid to stand in long, crowded food queues because of fear of the virus. For a long period those who did not have Aadhar or ration cards, had no clue how to get food from the public distribution system, even in a city like Delhi.
Consulting firm Dalbert, in a study conducted during March-October last year, reported that women have reduced their food intake because of less income, their rest hours have decreased and ‘unpaid care work hours’ have increased, at least a tenth of the women said that food is in very short supply and they are eating less, 16% had limited or no access to menstrual pads, while 33% of married women had no access to contraceptives as the pandemic disrupted public health outreach programmes. More than 43 per cent women were yet to recover their paid work. While it was terrible last year, the second surge devastated them. The study surveyed 15,000 women and 2,300 men from low-income households in 10 Indian cities.
“If the virus does not kill us, poverty will kill us,” said a balloon seller last winter in Noida. The invisible working class ghetto inhabited by Dalits and extremely backward caste people from Bengal, Bihar and UP, in Noida, surrounded by swanky highways and palatial houses, became jobless overnight on March 24, 2020. The street food vendor found no buyer, rickshaw-pullers no passengers, traffic light sellers no customers, even as thousands of construction workers were rendered jobless as the real estate industry crashed. Workers in the unorganized and small-scale industry, its back broken by demonetisation and GST, found a quagmire beneath their feet – rapidly sinking, and not a straw to hold on.
Stark poverty and hunger has been systematically turned invisible in India in the neo-liberal era, especially in the metros. Therefore, it was disconcerting for the cocooned affluent society when images of thousands of migrant workers suddenly emerged on highways, walking under a scorching sun. Pray, who are these condemned and exiled people?
With their worn out clothes, sacks and plastic bags, mothers holding their children, often barefoot, hungry and thirsty, with absolutely no relief from the central government, they were escaping the stark social/economic uncertainty after a lockdown was suddenly declared by the Centre. Among many enduring images of this Indian reality was the image of a dead mother at the Muzaffarpur Railway Station, her little child tugging at her sari. She was a migrant worker trying to go ‘home’ – from Ahmedabad to Bihar.
ALSO READ: Covid Ruined My Life – Financially
Delhi is classified as the most urban state (98%) in India. According to the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE), Delhi reported the lowest labour force participation rate (LFPR) for women during the pandemic. Female LFPR was as low as 5.5% compared to the male LFPR of 57. Unemployment among women was 47%, compared to 21 among men.
As many as 10 crore people reportedly lost their jobs during the nationwide April-May 2020 lockdown. While in the pre-election scenario in 2019, India marked the highest rate of unemployment in 45 years, a reality the Modi-led government tried to fudge, currently, it is estimated, approximately 140 million people are jobless, and this includes the corporate sector. The jobless figures are hazy; unemployment has shot up to 11.7 %, last year it was 8. Job losses have been higher in Maharashtra, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi, due to the impact of Covid.
A new Pew Research Center study states that consequent to the ‘deep recession’ in 2020, the middle class has shrunk by 32 million. This substantiates the speculation that millions of middle class households have been pushed into low income groups. The 32 million listed by Pew accounts for “60 per cent of the global retreat” in the number of people in the middle-income tier (defined here as people with incomes of $10-20 a day).
The number of people who are poor in India (with incomes of $2 or less a day) has increased by 75 million because of the COVID-19 recession. This factor also accounts for 60% of the global increase in poverty.
According to the Pew study, only 19% women remained employed and a high 47% suffered a permanent job loss, not returning to work even by the end of 2020. That is, almost half of the women workforce has effectively ‘disappeared’.
The study reported: “Prior to the pandemic, it was anticipated that 99 million people in India would belong in the global middle class in 2020. A year into the pandemic, this number is estimated to be 66 million, cut by a third. Meanwhile, the number of poor in India is projected to have reached 134 million, more than double the 59 million expected prior to the recession…”
Surely, there are millions of micro cases spread like unwritten stories of infinite inequality and economic/social discrimination across the remote rural terrain and in urban ghettos. They need to be documented, filmed, and written. The scale of this human tragedy could be epical.
Indeed, Mamata Banerjee made a cryptic point recently in Delhi: she said that it’s high time we have ‘sachche din’ in India –we already have had an overdose of ‘achche din’.
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« PreviousContinue »
the principal debtor, or a receipt of part payment from him, will not have this effect. This defence, however, may be rebutted on the part of the plaintiff, by proof that the agreement was made with the assent of the defendant; or, that, after full notice of it, he promised to pay;2 or, that the agreement was without consideration, and therefore not binding: (a)
$ 203. Competency of parties as witnesses. The competency of the parties to a bill or note, as witnesses, in an action upon it between other parties, has been briefly considered in the preceding volume ; 4 where it has been shown that they are generally held admissible or not, like any other witnesses, according as they are or are not interested in the event of the suit. Thus, in an action against the acceptor of a bill, the drawer is a competent witness for either party; for if the plaintiff recovers, he pays the bill by the hands of the acceptor, and if not, then he is liable directly for the amount. So, if a bill has been drawn by one partner in the name of the firm, to pay his own private debt, another member of the firm is a competent witness for the acceptor to prove that the bill was drawn without authority. But if the acceptance was given for the accommodation of the drawer, he is not a competent witness for the acceptor, to prove usury in the discounting of the bill, without a release.7 Nor is he competent, where the amount of his liability over, in either event of the suit, is not equal.8
$ 204. Same subject. So, also, in an action against one of several makers of a note, another maker of the same note is a competent
1 Ibid. ; Kennedy v. Motte, 3 McCord, 13; Walwyn v. S. Quintin, 1 B. & P. 652; Frazier v. Dick, 4 Rob. (La.) 249.
2 Chitty & Hulme on Bills, pp. 415, 416 (9th ed.); Story on Bills, $ 426. 3 McLemore v. Powell, 12 Wheat. 554.
4 Ante, vol. i. $ 399. Whether a party to a negotiable instrument, which he has put in circulation, is a competent witness to prove it void in its creation, quære ; and see ante, vol. i. $$ 383–385.
5 Dickinson v. Prentice, 4 Esp. 32 ; Rich v. Topping, Peake's Cas. 224 ; Lowber 8. Shaw, 5 Mason, 241 ; Humphrey v. Moxon, 1 Peake's Cas. 72 ; Chitty & Hulme on Bills, p. 673 (9th ed.); Storer v. Logan, 9 Mass. 55; Crowley v. Barry, 4 Gill, 194.
6 Ridley v. Taylor, 13 East, 176.
7 Hardwick v. Blanchard, Gow, 113 ; Burgess v. Cuthil, 6 C. & P. 282. And see Bowne 0. Hyde, 6 Barb. S. C. 392.
& Scott v. McLellan, 2 Greenl. 199 ; Jones v. Brooke, 4 Taunt. 463 ; ante, vol. i. § 401 ; Faith v. McIntyre, 7 C. & P. 44.
(a) Or that it was void under the stat. Draper v. Romeyn, 18 Barb. (N. Y.) 166; ute of frauds, and so not binding. Berry Wheeler v. Washburn, 24 Vt. 293; Greev. Pullen, 69 Me. 101. The test is whether ley v. Dow, 2 Met. (Mass.) 176. On this the agreement to give time or vary the question see the very able argument of contract in any other particular could Mr. Myers, in Re Goodwin, 5 Dill. C. have been enforced against the creditor. Ct. 140, p. 144.
witness for the plaintiff, as he stands indifferent;1 but not for the defendant, to prove illegality of consideration. The maker is also a competent witness for the plaintiff, in an action by the indorsee against the indorser. But it seems, that he is not competent for the defendant in such action, if the note was made and indorsed for his own accommodation ; for a verdict for the plaintiff, in such case, would be evidence against him.4
§ 205. Same subject. The acceptor or drawee of a bill is also a competent witness, in an action between the holder and the drawer, to prove that he had no funds of the drawer in his hands, for this evidence does not affect his liability to the drawer. And even the declaration of the drawee to the same effect, if made at the time of presentment and refusal to accept the bill, is admissible, as prima facie evidence of that fact, against the drawer. But it has been held, that a joint acceptor is not competent to prove a set-off, in an action by the holder against the drawer, because he is answerable to the latter for the amount which the plaintiff may recover.? Nor is he a competent witness for the drawer to prove that he received it from the drawer to get it discounted, and delivered it to the plaintiff for that purpose, but that the plaintiff had not furnished the money ; for, being absolutely bound, by his acceptance, to pay the bill, he is bound to indemnify the drawer against the costs of the suit.
§ 206. Same subject. In an action by the indorsee against the drawer of a bill, the payee is a competent witness to prove the consideration for the indorsement. The payee of a note, who has indorsed it without recourse, is also a competent witness to prove its execution by the maker.10 But where the note was pay
1 York v. Blott, 5 M. & S. 71.
2 Slegg v. Phillips, 4 Ad. & El. 852. 3 Venning v. Shuttleworth, Bayley on Bills, 422, [536,] ; Fox v. Whitney, 6 Mass. 118 ; Baker v. Briggs, 8 Pick. 122 ; Levi v. Essex, 2 Esp. Dig. 707 ; ante, vol. i. 329, 400 ; Skelding v. Warren, 15 Johns. 270 ; Taylor v. McCune, 1 Jones, 460.
Pierce v. Butler, 14 Mass. 303 ; Van Schaack v. Stafford, 12 Pick. 565 ; Hubbly v. Brown, 16 Johns. 70.
» Staples 0. Okines, 1 Esp. 332; Legge 9, Thorpe, 2 Campb. 310.
? Mainwaring v. Mytton, 1 Stark. 83; ante, vol. i. $ 401. Sed quære, for it seems that the acceptor would be liable to the drawer for the whole amount of the bill which he had not paid to the holder. Reid v. Furnival, 5 C. & P. 499; 8. c. 1 C. & M. 538; Johnson v. Kennion, 2 Wils. 262.
8 Edmonds r. Lowe, 8 B. & C. 407; 8. C. 2 M. & R. 427. 9 Shuttleworth v. Stephens, 1 Campb. 407, 408. 10 Rice v. Stearns, 3 Mass. 225. Or that the note had been fraudulently altered, Parker v. Hanson, 7 Mass. 470; or fraudulently circulated, Woodhull v. Holmes, 10 Johns. 231.
able to the payee or bearer, the payee has been held inadmissible to prove the signature of the maker, on the ground that he was responsible, upon an implied guaranty, that the signature was not forged.
$ 207. Same subject. In an action by the indorsee against the drawer or acceptor, an indorser is, in general, a competent witness for either party, as he stands indifferent between them. But an intermediate indorser of a bill is not a competent witness in a suit on the bill by a subsequent indorsee against a prior indorser, to prove notice of its non-acceptance. Thus, under the general rule that the indorser, standing indifferent, is a competent witness, he has been admitted to prove payment;4 time of negotiation by indorsement;5 alteration of date by fraud ; 6 want of interest in the indorsee ;7 usury ;8 and the fact of his own indorsement.9 So, to prove that the claim, which the defendant insisted on by way of set-off, was acquired by him after he had notice of the transfer of the note to the plaintiff.10 And generally the payee, after having indorsed the note, is competent to prove any matters arising after the making of the note, which may affect the right of the holder to recover against the maker. 11
1 Herrick v. Whitney, 15 Johns. 240; Shaver v. Ehle, 16 Johns. 201.
2 Richardson v. Allen, 2 Stark. 334; Stevens v. Lynch, 2 Campb. 332; 8. C. 12 East, 38; Birt v. Kershaw, 2 East, 458; Charrington v. Milner, 1 Peake's Cas. 6; Reay 9. Packwood, 7 Ad. & El. 917; Chitty & Hulme on Bills, p. 674 (9th ed.). But see Barkins v. Wilson, 6 Cowen, 471. See further, ante, vol. i. § 385, n., and 88 399–401.
8 Talbot v. Clark, 8 Pick. 51; Cropper v. Nelson, 3 Wash. 125. But a prior indorser has been held a competent witness, for the defendant, in an action against a subsequent indorser. Hall v. Hale, 8 Conn. 336.
4 Warren v. Merry, 3 Mass. 27; White v. Kibling, 11 Johns. 128; Bryant v. Rittorbush, 2 N. H. 212. So in Louisiana, if the indorser has not been charged with notice. Bourg v. Bringier, 20 Martin, 507.
5 Baker v. Arnold, i Caines, 248; Baird v. Cochran, 4 S. & R. 397; Smith v. Lovett, 11 Pick. 417.
Parker v. Hanson, 7 Mass. 470; Shamburg v. Commagere, 10 Martin, 18. 7 Barker v. Prentiss, 6 Mass. 430; Maynard v. Nekervis, 9 Barr, 81. & Tuthill v. Davis, 20 Johns. 287; Tucker v. Wilamonicz, 3 Eng. 157. 9 Richardson v. Allan, 2 Stark. 334. 10 Zeigler v. Gray, 12 S. & R. 42.
11 See the cases already cited in this section; also Powell v. Waters, 17 Johns. 176; McFadden v. Maxwell, Id. 188. In several of the United States, all the parties liable on a bill or note may be sued in one action; in which case, however, the parties are respectively entitled to the testimony of any other parties defendant in the suit, in the sarne manner as if they had been sued in several actions. See Wisconsin Rev. Stat. 1849, c. 93, $$ 9, 19, 20; Michigan Rev. Stat. 1846, c. 99, SS 6, 12, 17.
$ 208. Carriers by land and water subject to same liabilities. There is no distinction, in regard to their duties and liabilities, between carriers of goods by water and carriers by land, nor between carriers by ships, steamboats, and barges, and by railroad cars and wagons. The action against a carrier in any of these modes is usually in assumpsit upon the contract; and this is generally preferable, as the remedy in this form survives against his executor or administrator. The declaration involves three points of fact, which the plaintiff must establish, upon the general issue, - namely, the contract; the delivery of the goods, or, in the case of a passenger, his being in the carriage; and the defendant's breach of promise or duty. Carriers are also liable in trover, for the goods, and in case, sounding in tort, for malfeasance or misfeasance; but although the remedy in tort is on some accounts preferable to assumpsit, (a) the form of action does not very materially affect the evidence necessary to maintain it.
i See 1 Chitty on Plead. 161, 162 (7th ed.) (125, 126]; Govett v. Radnidge, 3 East, 70.
(a) Trover will not lie against a com- who innocently receives goods from a mon carrier for non-feasance only. Bow. wrongdoer, without the consent of the lin_v. Nye, 10 Cush. (Mass.) 416; Collins owner, express or implied, has no lien v. Boston & M. R. R., Id. 610; Scoville v. upon them for their carriage, as against Griffith, 2 Kernan (N. Y.), 509. There such owner. Robinson v. Baker, 5 Cush. must be a previous demand. Robinson v. (Mass.) 137; Fitch v. Newberry, 1 Doug. Austin, 2 Gray (Mass.), 564. And where (Mich.) 1. a carrier, having no legal claim upon the The distinction between assumpsit and goods except for the freight, refuses to de. case is now generally unimportant, by realiver them unless a further sum should be son of the changes in the modes of pleading. first paid, the consignee is not bound to Cf. Hutchinson on Carriers, $ 737 et seq. tender the freight money, and the carrier's When the form of declaration is only on refusal to deliver is evidence of a conversion the liability of a common carrier, the plainof them. Adams v. Clark, 9 Cush. (Mass.) tiff cannot recover for losses happening 217; Rooke v. Midland R. Co., 14 Eng. Law from misrepresentations of the defendant's & Eq. 175. The receipt by the owner of agent. Maslin v. Balt. & Oh. R. R. Co., the whole number of casks of goods shipped 14 W. Va. 180. When a common carrier does not prevent him from maintaining an refuses to carry goods, as in the case of action against the carrier for a loss of part his employees striking, and leaving him of their contents, unless he receives the unable to handle the freight, the shipper's property as and for a compliance with the remedy is by an action at law, not by contract of the carrier. Alden v. Pearson, mandamus. People v. New York, &c. R. Ř. 3 Gray (Mass.), 342. A common carrier, Co., 22 Hun (N. Y.) 533.
$ 209. Contract to be proved as laid. In any form of action, the contract must be proved as Jaid in the declaration. If the contract is stated as absolute, proof of a contract in the alternative will not support the allegation, even though the option has been determined ;2 neither will it be supported by proof of a contract containing an exception from certain classes of liability; as, for example, that the carrier will not be responsible for losses by fire, perils of the seas, or the like. But if the exception does not extend to the obligation of the contract itself, but only affects the damages to be recovered, the declaration may be general, without any mention of the exception, the proof of which at the trial will be no variance. (a) Thus, where the action was in the common form of assumpsit, and the evidence was, that the carrier had given notice that he would not be accountable for a greater sum than £5 for goods, unless they were entered as such and paid for accordingly, the variance was held immaterial.4 And if, in a like form of action by the consignor of goods, the allegation is, that the consideration or hire was to be paid by the plaintiff, and the evidence is, that it was to be paid by the consignee, it is no variance; the consignor being still in law liable. A variance between the allegation and proof of the termini will be fatal. (6) But here, the place, mentioned as the terminus, is to be taken in its popular extent, and not strictly according to its corporate and legal limits; and therefore an averment of a contract to carry from London to Bath, is supported by evidence of a contract to carry from Westminster to Bath. But in an action
1 Ireland v. Johnson, 1 Bing. N. C. 162; Bretherton v. Wood, 3 B. & B. 54; Max . Roberts, 12 East, 89.
2 Penny v. Porter, 2 East, 2; Yate v. Willan, Id. 128; ante, vol. i. $$ 58, 66; Hilt v. Campbell, 6 Greenl. 109.
8 Latham v. Rutley, 2 B. & C. 20. And see Smith v. Moore, 6 Greenl. 274; Ferguson v. Cappeau, 6 H. & J. 394.
4 Clark v. Gray, 6 East, 564.
6 Moore v. Wilson, 1 T. R. 659; Turney v. Wilson, 7 Yerg. 340; Moore v. Sheridine, 2 H. & McH. 453. If the declaration is on a loss by negligent carrying, it will not be supported by proof of a loss in the defendant's warehouse, before the goods were taken to the coach to be carried. Roskell v. Waterhouse, 2 Stark. 461; In re Webb, 8 Taunt. 443; s. c. 2 Moore, 500.
6 Tucker v. Cracklin, 2 Stark. 385.
7 Beckford v. Crutwell, 1 M. & Rob. 187; 8. c. 5 C. & P. 242; Ditcham v. Chivis, 4 Bing. 706; 8. c. 1 M. & Payne, 735. See also Burbige v. Jakes, 1 B. & P. 225.
(a) Ferguson v. Cappeau, 6 H. & J. shipped at any other time than that men394; Fairchild v. Slocum, 19 Wend. (N. tioned in the writ. Witzler v. Collins, 70 Y.) 329; Tuggle v. St. Louis, &c. R.R. CO., Me. 290. 62 Mo. 425; Lawson, Carriers, p. 380. (6) Fowles v. Great Western R. Co., 16 But no evidence is admissible of goods Eng. Law & Eq. 531.
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The flesh of cucumbers is a very good source of vitamins A, C, and folic acid. Good to eat when pregnant if you like them. The hard skin is rich in fiber and has a variety of minerals including magnesium, silica, molybdenum, and potassium. Who knew the cucumber was competition to the banana. Cucumber is an excellent source of silica, the mineral that is responsible for strengthening our connective tissue. Connective tissue is what holds our body together, which just may have some effect on cellulite. Don’t forget about the acid they contain. These acids prevent water retention which is why when cucumbers are applied to the eyes at the spa you look great when they are removed.
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The Simple Most readily useful Strategy To Use For Garden Ideas House Unveiled
1. Cause to construct a garden shed; As more garden tools and tools are purchased, the need for added storage space becomes mandatory. In addition to storage, a shed can also provide workshop area for making small tasks and due to this fact, keep dust and paint odors out of the home. Moreover, the automobile will then have room in the storage.
Indeed synthetic grass has confirmed that it may be versatile in different industries. Just like the military force, artificial grass will always be resilient in dealing with the challenges introduced by changing climate conditions, intensive trainings and survival of the fittest!
Don’t put additional things in your desktop.
A publish-thumper can be needed to install machine rounded timber, this can be employed from your local instrument/plant rent shop, take care when using a publish-thumper as they’re heavy, this is normally a two-man job, use the thumper to thump the posts into the ground, no digging will probably be obligatory, check the put up for degree and top each 5 thumps.
Sweet Peppers. It looks natural and sounds fantastic.
Many corporations have emerged out there labeling themselves as specialists in totally bespoke timber buildings and garden buildings. The shed design, the whole building is taken upon as a accountability that might end result within the manifestation of a stupendous garden building retaining in thoughts the encompassing area, the expanse of the garden itself and in addition the intended use.
There are a whole lot of benefits that include having a garden bridge at your own home. Garden bridges have been most well-liked by homeowners who want to add a singular sense of vogue to their garden landscaping, and might absolutely flip a tiny unattractive garden to an attention-grabbing asset of the house. It would serve as a helpful ornament when used along with Koi, or fish ponds.
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[dropcap]W[/dropcap]e are currently witnessing one of the most beautiful and tragic moments of resistance in human history. Please join with us and sign the solidarity statement (link below) alongside educators, artists, philosophers and activists.
We have now arrived at the 27th day in the hunger strike of political prisoner Nikos Romanos. He is still alive and fighting this outrageously painful battle for human rights – as an anarchist.
He writes, “Last spring, I sat university entrance exams from inside the prison and got admitted to a faculty in Athens. According to their laws, since September 2014, I am eligible for educational furloughs to regularly attend classes from the beginning of the term.”
[quote align=’right’]With his hunger strike Nikos reveals that the authorities break their own law in order to subjugate the anarchists.[/quote]In solidarity with Romanos, other anarchist prisoners went on hunger strike: Yannis Michailidis, on November 17, as well as Andreas-Dimitris Bourzoukos and Dimitris Politis, on November 30. Protesting for the fundamental right of education, political prisoner Iraklis Kostaris, a former member of the revolutionary marxist organization 17N, has been on hunger strike since October 28th. Since November 24, about 200 refugees from Syria launched a hunger strike on the Syntagma square, Athens. All signs of strength from different perspectives of the same struggle!
With his hunger strike Nikos reveals that the authorities break their own law in order to subjugate the anarchists. The demonstration of power, and division of society, is more important to them than human life.
On December 3rd the court has decided not to return to Nikos his right to attend the university. Global solidarity is the only means remaining to achieve a lasting change.
When the policeman Epaminondas Korkoneas killed the teenager Alexandros Grigoropoulos on December 6th 2008, Nikos Romanos happened to be the only witness to this murder. His friend Alexandros died right in his arms. Nikos’ maturity and social conscience was won under these difficult conditions and under observation by the police; now, he is indeed a victim of a process as clearly murderous as that which befell Epaminondas. His decision to stake his life on the right to be educated, in defiance of a repressive state, is a measure aimed at rectifying these injustices.
The situation today
Due to the deterioration of his health Nikos Romanos has been transferred to the hospital where his hunger strike continues. “Already on the 13th the muscles, including the heart, slowly stop functioning and a cannibalism of the cells begins”, as Lina Vergopolou, anesthesiologist and hunger strike specialist, said in the press conference on December 2nd at Embros Theatre, Athens. She also pointed out that psychiatric expertise has proven that this is not merely a case of psychopathology.
[quote align=’left’]In response, letters of support have arrived from all cities in Greece. Several demonstrations take place daily in Athens, Thessaloniki, Patras and other cities.[/quote]The authorities have tried to escape their moral and legal obligation by giving an order to force-feed Nikos, and thereby infringe his autonomy and refuse to substantially acknowledge the motivations behind his hunger strike. Without the refutation of civil voices the state will stop at nothing, including penetrating a hospital. Fortunately the doctors have refused to be used as torture machines.
Petros Damianos, the teacher of Nikos Romanos, has intervened with a letter signed by all teachers of all prison schools, inviting the public to join a fight for the right to education. They support Nikos because society needs visionaries like him for its better future.
In response, letters of support have arrived from all cities in Greece. Several demonstrations take place daily in Athens, Thessaloniki, Patras and other cities.
Why Nikos is in prison
Nikos Romanos is sentenced for 15 years in prison because he is an anarchist. He and his comrades performed a bank robbery as an anti-capitalist protest. “What is the robbing of a bank compared to the founding of a bank?” (Bertolt Brecht). Because no evidence relating Romanos to armed organizations could be found, the court brazenly convicted him of an ordinary crime.
Anarchists are not terrorists
Yorgos Romanos, father of Nikos, stated at the press conference that the situation with his son is an example of the attitude of the state towards the society.
The denial of Niko’s right to attend University is only one aspect of the repressive mechanisms employed by the state to silence and defeat internal objection. While these mechanisms are allowed to stand without defiance, the right wing gains more power day by day.
State-sponsored “investigations” into Romanos and his comrades seek to declare anarchists as terrorists in order to introduce high security measures to their cells, to upgrade them from the category “Beta” to the category “Gamma”– which is in essence solitary confinement – as well as to extend the length of their sentence.
please be so kind, specify your profession, organisation, title, position etc. in the field “Why will you sign this declaration”
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Did the Earth Tip on its Side 84 Million Years Ago?
“Hold on to your hats, because scientists have found more evidence that Earth tips over from time to time.”
by Tokyo Institute of Technology
Hold on to your hats, because scientists have found more evidence that Earth tips over from time to time. We know that the continents are moving slowly due to plate tectonics, but continental drift only pushes the tectonic plates past each other. It has been debated for the past few decades whether the outer, solid shell of the Earth can wobble about, or even tip over relative to the spin axis. Such a shift of Earth is called “true polar wander,” but the evidence for this process has been contentious. New research published in Nature Communications, led by the Earth-Life Science Institute (ELSI) at Tokyo Institute of Technology’s Principle Investigator Joe Kirschvink (also a Professor at Caltech) and Prof. Ross Mitchell at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics in Beijing, provides some of the most convincing evidence to date that such planetary tipping has indeed occurred in Earth’s past.
True polar wander bears some dissecting. The Earth is a stratified ball, with a solid metal inner core, a liquid metal outer core, and a solid mantle and overriding crust at the surface which we live on. All of this is spinning like a top, once per day. Because the Earth’s outer core is liquid, the solid mantle and crust are able to slide around on top of it. Relatively dense structures, such as subducting oceanic plates and massive volcanoes like Hawaii, prefer to be near the Equator, in the same way that your arms like to be out to your side when you are spinning around in an office chair.
Despite this wandering of the crust, Earth’ magnetic field is generated by electrical currents in the convecting liquid Ni-Fe metal of the outer core. On long time scales, the overlying wander of the mantle and crust does not affect the core, because those overlying rock layers are transparent to Earth’s magnetic field. In contrast, the convection patterns in this outer core are actually forced to dance around Earth’s rotation axis, which means that the overall pattern of Earth’s magnetic field is predictable, spreading out in the same fashion as iron filings lining up over a small bar magnet. Hence, these data provide excellent information about the direction of the North and South geographic poles, and the tilt gives the distance from the poles (a vertical field means you are at the pole, horizontal tells us it was on the Equator). Many rocks actually record the direction of the local magnetic field as they form, in much the same way that a magnetic tape records your music. For example, tiny crystals of the mineral magnetite produced by some bacteria actually line up like tiny compass needles, and get trapped in the sediments when the rock solidifies. This “fossil” magnetism can be used to track where the spin axis is wandering relative to the crust.
“Imagine looking at Earth from space,” explains Kirschvink “True polar wander would look like the Earth tipping on its side, and what’s actually happening is that the whole rocky shell of the planet—the solid mantle and crust—is rotating around the liquid outer core.” Although scientists can measure true polar wander occurring today very precisely with satellites, geologists still debate whether large rotations of the mantle and crust have occurred in Earth’s past.
One particularly heated debate has been over events during the Late Cretaceous, about 84 million years ago. Over the last three decades, geophysicists have been going back and forth through public arguments in the journal Science, and at numerous meetings, about whether a large true polar wander event occurred in the Cretaceous.
Mitchell and Kirschvink came up with a plan for settling the debate once and for all. Leveraging Mitchell’s experience as a student studying the geology of the Apennine Mountains of central Italy, he knew just the right rocks to sample. The international team of researchers then placed their bet that paleomagnetic data from limestones created in the Cretaceous (between ~145.5 and 65.5 million years ago) located in Italy would provide a definitive test. The magnetism of the younger rocks in the same area was studied nearly 50 years ago, and indirectly led to the discovery of the asteroid impact that killed the dinosaurs. Sarah Slotznick, co-author and geobiologist at Dartmouth College explains, “these Italian sedimentary rocks turn out to be special and very reliable because the magnetic minerals are actually fossils of bacteria that formed chains of the mineral magnetite.”
To test their hypothesis about true polar wander, paleomagnetic data with lots of redundancy are required to track the wander of the ancient location of Earth’s spin axis. Prior studies, especially some claiming that true polar wander does not occur, have failed to explore enough data points according to the team. Says Richard Gordon, a geophysicist at Rice University in Houston who wasn’t involved in the study, “that is one reason why it is so refreshing to see this study with its abundant and beautiful paleomagnetic data.”
Kirschvink and colleagues found, as the true polar wander hypothesis predicted, the Italian data indicate an ~12˚ tilt of the planet 84 million years ago. The team also found that Earth appears to have corrected itself—after tipping on its side, Earth reversed course and rotated right back, for a total excursion of nearly 25˚ of arc in about five million years. Certainly, this was a cosmic “yo-yo.”
Tokyo Institute of Technology
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Hamburg Rathaus is the town hall of Hamburg and the main city’s government office. Located in the very centre of the Hamburg city, between the artificial Alster Lakes and the river Elbe, the Hamburg Rathaus became the top tourist attraction. It’s not just its location and importance that brought fame to the Hamburg City Hall. Its history is equally impressive.
There was a great fire in the mid-19th century, when the most of the city burned to the ground, including the official town house. The city of Hamburg invested giant amounts of money to make a new one. After four decades, the Hamburg Rathaus was finally completed. The people of Hamburg invested such great amount of money and time to raise this monumental building, so it would be disrespectful not to visit it on your Hamburg tour.
The Hamburg City Hall’s address is Rathaus Markt 1. Hamburg Rathaus is really hard to miss, as this magnificent building stands in the city centre, next to the Rathaus subway station.
Entering the City Hall’s premises is available only with a certified tour guide. However, enjoying it’s beautiful design is free.
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- 1 How has science and technology affected warfare?
- 2 How did science influence technology?
- 3 How did science and technology influence ww2?
- 4 How did technology influence the war?
- 5 What were some of the negative effects of technological advancements from World War I?
- 6 How did new technologies affect society after World War I quizlet?
- 7 What are the impacts of science and technology to the society?
- 8 Why is science and technology important to society?
- 9 What are the negative effects of science and technology in our society?
- 10 What technology came from WWII?
- 11 What did we learn from WWII?
- 12 What were the long term effects of ww2?
- 13 Does war improve technology?
- 14 How did imperialism influence the war?
- 15 Who won World war 1?
How has science and technology affected warfare?
Technology has been the primary source of military innovation throughout history. It drives changes in warfare more than any other factor. Airplanes, missiles, tanks, drones, satellites, computers, GPS, and all the remaining panoply of the modern high-tech battlefield would be incomprehensible to them.
How did science influence technology?
Science contributes to technology in at least six ways: (1) new knowledge which serves as a direct source of ideas for new technological possibilities; (2) source of tools and techniques for more efficient engineering design and a knowledge base for evaluation of feasibility of designs; (3) research instrumentation,
How did science and technology influence ww2?
Scientific and technological progress served both sides in WWII. Both sides poured national resources into developing new and better weapons, materials, techniques for training and fighting, improvements in transportation, medicine, nutrition, and communications.
How did technology influence the war?
New technology made war more horrible and more complex than ever before. The United States and other countries felt the effects of the war for years afterwards. Technological developments in engineering, metallurgy, chemistry, and optics had produced weapons deadlier than anything known before.
What were some of the negative effects of technological advancements from World War I?
The major impact of technology on World War I was that it made the war much more difficult for the infantry soldiers who did most of the fighting. The new technologies led to trench warfare and the lack of new tactics led to massive slaughter at the hands of the new technology.
How did new technologies affect society after World War I quizlet?
After WWI, technology became more of an leisure activity. For example, families would come together once a day to listen to the radio. Technology also made life simpler by doing tasks quicker and more efficient. Also because of the advances in technology, cities grew and more people could live out in the country.
What are the impacts of science and technology to the society?
Technology has advanced into many areas of our lives, making information more accessible, improving communication, changing transportation, and the list goes on. While it is easy to sit back and benefit from a plethora of technological advancements, it is crucial we do not become blind to its effects on society.
Why is science and technology important to society?
Technology, science and knowledge are important in modern contemporary society. The understanding of how social, cultural and material elements influence the production of new practices, new ways of understanding and new institutions is vital in our understanding of contemporary postmodern society.
What are the negative effects of science and technology in our society?
delays in social and emotional development. physical inactivity and obesity. poor sleep quality. social issues, such as social incompatibility and anxiety.
What technology came from WWII?
Radar, computers, penicillin and more all came out of development during the Second World War. Radar, computers, penicillin and more all came out of development during the Second World War. One of the most infamous World War II inventions is the atomic bomb.
What did we learn from WWII?
World War II has taught many people different things. Some learnt about the willpower of humans and what it means when one’s homeland is invaded. Others discovered humanity’s limitations, such as whether one can push their moral boundaries to serve their country despite the pressure of their own values.
What were the long term effects of ww2?
Summary: World War II ravaged much of Europe, and its long-term effects are still being felt. A new survey shows that elderly people who experienced the war as children are more likely to suffer from diabetes, depression and cardiovascular disease.
Does war improve technology?
But wars can also have beneficial effects on economic and technological development. In general, wars tend to accelerate technological development to adapt tools for the purpose of solving specific military needs. Later, these military tools may evolve into non-military devices.
How did imperialism influence the war?
The expansion of European nations as empires (also known as imperialism) can be seen as a key cause of World War I, because as countries like Britain and France expanded their empires, it resulted in increased tensions among European countries.
Who won World war 1?
Germany had formally surrendered on November 11, 1918, and all nations had agreed to stop fighting while the terms of peace were negotiated. On June 28, 1919, Germany and the Allied Nations (including Britain, France, Italy and Russia) signed the Treaty of Versailles, formally ending the war.
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Diabetes is the fastest growing chronic disease in the world and costs $300B per year in the U.S. alone. Despite tremendous advances and increased access to diabetes technologies like insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring systems, most people with diabetes are not meeting their health targets making it more likely they will develop significant complications. While high quality diabetes education can improve outcomes, today’s diabetes technology education is outdated, inaccessible to most Americans and very expensive.
A1Control provides diabetes self-management and technology education in a virtual environment where the individual’s specific brand of diabetes technology is built directly into the platform. This simulation education allows users to experience both every day and emergency situations in a safe virtual environment while fostering both foundational diabetes self-management and critical thinking knowledge. The end result is that A1Control customers – diabetes technology companies – are able to improve health outcomes and reduce educational costs, this is a huge benefit to tech companies who want to boost patient engagement and minimize budget spend.
For A1Control it’s not just about educating patients when they adopt new technologies. Rather, A1Control wants to help diabetes technology companies offer customers a total support experience, in which patients receive comprehensive initial and ongoing education tailored to meet their specific needs. All this information can then be communicated back to the patients’ healthcare team for a connected educational experience.
A1Control wanted to stand out in the market by providing a more holistic experience for people with diabetes. They needed to create a platform that was easy and fun for users while at the same time achieved three specific objectives:
To be an effective tool, the digital experience needed to:
The Mobiquity team developed a mobile/web application, allowing for the anywhere, any time access that incorporated AWS Sumerian to provide a virtual environment for interactivity and ease of use. Additional AWS services included:
AWS services also provided the infrastructure to store users’ actions and allowed them to interact on a variety of platforms without losing their progress
A1Control’s platform is designed to support the individual with diabetes as they learn to use their device for everyday content like pump set-up, bolus delivery, and carb counting along with more advanced concepts like exercise management and prevention and treatment of emergency situations. Every action the user takes produces realistic physiologic responses within the platform. Users interact with a Sumerian virtual host, “Christine”, to better understand how to manage their specific diabetes symptoms with their insulin pump. The interaction is “gamified” to track and score progress, keeping patients engaged.
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Of or relating to the Indian popular film industry.
Music composed for the Indian popular film industry, using traditional and modern instruments, with melodies and vocal styles derived from Indian folk and classical music.
Origin of filmi
- From Hindi filmī cinematographic from film film from English film
From American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition
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Ice is one of those curious substances which acts as both a solid, liquid and gas – all at the same time! It is equally contradictory in terms of the reactions it draws; on a hot summer’s day, ice is essential for lounging by the pool, and adding a cool, refreshing tang to your drink. On a cold, bitter winter’s day however, ice becomes your worse enemy – it is uncomfortable, slippery, and in some cases, downright dangerous.
Our attitude to ice depends primarily on the context, but it actually plays a crucial role in helping our planet to stay in balance; ice prevents global sea levels from rising too much, offers us vital, useful data about the nature of the climate of our planet, and helps to ensure a freshwater supply for the entire world – not too bad!
In short, ice – also known as the “cryosphere” according to super smart workers at the NOAA – is pretty essential to our overall wellbeing as a species, so let’s learn how to translate it into stunning artwork!
Step-By-Step Images and Instructions
Beginning with a blue pen, draw a large “arrow” shape, pointing upwards, roughly in the center of your page.
Next, draw two lines down on either side, from the corners of your “arrow”, to create a “house” shape – albeit with short sides. Repeat this shape below, inverting it so that you have a misshapen hexagon – leave small gaps in each side of the shape – on the top of the left hand side, and towards the bottom of the right hand side.
Turn to the right hand side, and add two parallel lines emerging from the gap, and heading out to the right. Make a 45 degree angle, and continue this two lines upwards slightly, ending with small curved lines at the top – this should be an “e” shape on the left hand line, and a smaller curve on the right.
Can you see the hand starting to form? Carry this on by adding three small, oval shapes just above the curves – these are fingers. Next, draw a shape protruding from the “hand” – this should have a slightly bulbous end, and a square, half rectangle shape at the top.
At the top of this “half rectangle”, add a long, rectangular shape with a slight semicircle just behind. In front of the rectangle, add a small circle in the center, surrounding by curved lines like a sun – this is the fan your ice cube is using to try and keep cool!
Next, fill our your ice cube by adding three lines – one from the gap on the left hand side, one up from the bottom point, and the other connecting these to the right hand side – this will make your ice cube 3D. Then, add another “arm” to the left have side, bending the line so that it comes across the front of the ice cube, and add some small details for the hand.
On the left face of the cube, add two small shapes – these should be tiny semicircles, with a small curved line above them. Make sure these are at around a 45 degree angle to one another.
Just below these, add a slightly wavy line, and another, slightly longer semicircle reaching downwards – here is a tongue for your character!. Add a line from the top of the tongue heading downwards, stopping just before you reach the bottom.
Now you need to add some droplets to show that your ice cube is melting! Add a few “teardrop” shapes all over the side faces of your ice cube to highlight this.
Next, add a wavy, jagged line in a “V” shape, around the bottom of your ice cube.
Switch to a cyan pen and connect the tops of the jagged lines across to meet the sides of the ice cube – a puddle has formed! Fill this in with the same blue, and add color to the edges of your cube with slight hatching.
Grab a blue pen and add in small details within the puddle for texture.
Finally, use the same blue pen to add a fountain of tiny dots above and around your ice cube – someone get this guy to a freezer!
And in just a few short steps, you have your own melting ice cube – time to cool down with a refreshing drink!
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November 19, 2019 -- Today, Thermo Scientific introduced a new virtual companion to the TruScan RM Handheld Raman Analyzer system for pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical manufacturers to help them move towards effective digitization and cloud computing.
This first-of-its-kind tool enables reprocessing of spectra using TruScan RM's algorithm in the cloud and allows for method validation without a physical sample.
The Virtual TruScan RM (VTR) app is designed to save pharmaceutical manufacturers time and money by accelerating the release of new materials into production and reducing costs related to existing global method validation processes. It can be linked to Connect, Thermo Fisher's platform for secure, cloud-based data storage, scientific analysis apps and peer collaboration tools.
"In addition to growing regulatory pressures, and 100% raw material identity verification requirements, pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical manufacturing sites are seeing an increase in new materials for which they must build new, thoroughly validated methods. The Virtual TruScan RM App enables globalized method validation using cloud computing to overcome many critical problems facing pharmaceutical manufacturers," said Erica Hirsch, vice president and general manager, field and safety instruments, Thermo Fisher Scientific. "Method development and validation teams, senior scientists and compliance and quality managers bear the burden of shipping samples around the world for method validation, a challenging, time-consuming and expensive process that the VTR App is designed to reduce significantly."
The release of this new digital tools supports Thermo Fisher Scientific's continued commitment to innovation and more comprehensive digital solutions to meet customer goals.
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We probably don’t need to convince you that more sex is a good thing, but scientifically, it’s even better for you than you realize. Aside from feeling good, sex has a positive effect on chemical balances, internal health, external appearance, mood, and relationships.
Check out our list of seven ways that regular, enjoyable sex can lead to a healthier, happier life.
1. It Releases Feel-good Chemicals
The major positive effect that sex has on the body is the release of feel-good chemicals like dopamine and serotonin. The main one is oxytocin, sometimes referred to as “the love hormone.” Oxytocin is released when you have positive, intimate interactions with a loved one. While good chemicals increase, stress-related chemicals like adrenaline and cortisol are decreased, leaving you feeling uplifted.
2. It Reduces Stress
The “glow” that is often felt after sex lasts longer than it might seem. Not only do people tend to feel generally better during and after sex, but into the next day as well. With all of those feel-good chemicals circulating in your veins, you’re actually better equipped to respond to daily stress. You may find that your productivity at work increases or that you do better on an exam.
3. It Is a Natural Pain Killer
Studies have shown that orgasms can help relieve minor aches and pains such as headaches, hiccups, morning sickness and PMS cramps. Orgasms actually raise our pain threshold, due to the surge of oxytocin (which is also released by pregnant women giving birth). The pain relief is also occurs much more quickly than with medication, so give it a try next time you’re feeling achey.
4. It Fills a Physiologic Necessity
A big part of the reason sex is so satisfying is that we’re wired to seek it both biologically, physiologically, and psychologically. Like every animal, humans have reproduction on the brain whether we realize it or not. That’s why we experience horniness and sexual frustration. To some degree, sex is an actual need, in addition to being a desire. When we suppress this need or allow ourselves to feel shame surrounding the acts of sex, we are triggering an array of emotional, mental, and even physical issues. Sexual expression and freedom is healthy and very much needed, find ways to allow yourself to explore in an effort to encourage a healthier and more balanced lifestyle.
5. It Increases Emotional Intelligence
It’s well known that sex improves closeness in relationships. But that kind of intimacy is important and healthy for individuals regardless of who they share it with. Human contact is important to emotional and mental health, and sex is one of the closest kinds of contact there is. Intimacy can be achieved in many ways but sex certainly is a one way avenue to this close connection with someone you care for. Through your experiences with sex and physical intimacy you develop and learn new and improved ways to manage and approach others. Thus, increasing your emotional intelligence which refers to the way that you interact, engage, and handle intimate and vulnerable situations with those you love or care about.
6. It Burns Calories
Few people truly enjoy running, and while sex won’t burn as many calories as a jog around the block, it will burn more than sitting on the couch, or even walking on a treadmill. Twenty minutes of sex can burn anywhere from 60-120 calories, depending how active it is. Men tend to burn more calories, but women can make it a workout too.
7. It’s Exciting
Finally, sex brings excitement to our lives. Sex doesn’t have to become stagnant (especially in relationships) as long as both partners communicate their interests without judgment. It’s important to remain open and receptive to new ideas. There is a vast, pleasurable world of possibilities to discover, much of which we’ll be discussing right here on our website.
All of the above tips assume that the sex being had is consensual, trusting, and safe. There are no benefits in sex that is forced or manipulative. If there are any feelings of pressure from your partner or hesitation in yourself, it’s probably best to rethink things, speak to someone, or seek help. Other than that, have fun with it. You’ll live longer, literally.
Do you have walls or intimacy issues that are making it hard for you to fully experience the joys and benefits of sex? Consider participating in an Intimacy Enhancement or Sex Therapy Session so we can help you unlock the door to a fulfilling and healthy sexual life.
Bored with your sex life?
Sign up for our Loving Sex Life newsletter and get discrete sex tips sent straight to your inbox from clinical sexologist and radio personality Dr. Yvonka DeRidder.
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- Experiment A
- Experiment B
Background Information Product Flow Improvement
- Human Practice
- TeamAbout Us Our School Our Lab Our Club Team Establishment
iGem SDSZ_China 2018
In 2016, SDSZ established the first iGEM team and became the first high school in mainland that won gold medal. In 2017, SDSZ team won China Top 3. This year, we recruit new team members. Jeff Hu, the old member from last year’s team who gained rich experience, became our team leader this year. We posted recruit information on our official We-chat account and invited students to accomplish interview. Then we need to decide our research topic. Each of us has our own ideas and opinions, and we all have enthusiasm for biology. After an intense brainstorming and careful evaluation, we decided our project this year is to conduct research on chitin. Our team has a clear division of labor. Those who are better at academic areas are responsible for the experimental group, while the other students are responsible for the human practice parts. For example, they went to XIAN province to do field study and went to primary school to express science ideology. Each member uses their fantastic skills in the field of biology, computer science, art to contribute to the team. Also at the same time, all members participated in working in the lab. This division of labor maximizes the efficiency of the whole team and helps us finish the experiment as soon as possible. Every week our team have a group meeting to discuss our current progress and make plan for the next week. We planned every step of the project, implemented the experiment, recorded the data, processed and plotted results, and practiced oral presentations for the Giant Jamboree. Although we met some barriers during the process, we worked through them together, an in which we learned valuable experience such as entrepreneurial thinking, team work, collaboration and so on.
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The Holocaust is an example of a genocide, but is not synonymous with the term.
A version of this article was originally published at Daily Caller For the first time, and at 95 years of age, Henry Langrehr, a World War II paratrooper who was captured and forced into brutal slave labor, tells his story for the world, even the parts that he is ashamed of. After escaping a labor [...]
Researchers at the Auschwitz-Birkenau Museum and Memorial have found a photo album that was bound with human skin. It was first discovered at an antique shop in Poland by a collector when he noticed a tattoo on the surface, a bad smell, and hair jutting out from the album. The gruesome discovery likely came from [...]
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Michigan financier of Metro effort says claims are off-base
The man who founded the Virginia nonprofit paying for the push to make English Nashville’s official language also is behind several organizations that have been labeled hate groups.
Dr. John H. Tanton, a retired eye surgeon, started both ProEnglish and the Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR).
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The Southern Poverty Law Center identified FAIR as a hate group last winter based on its acceptance of $1.2 million from a white supremacist organization, employees’ ties to other such groups and a history of “anti-Latino and anti-Catholic attitudes.”
The Southern Poverty Law Center is a Montgomery, Ala.-based civil rights group that monitors extremist activity. It took a second look at FAIR in 2007 after learning that a senior official of the federation met with leaders of a Belgian political party known for its racist views, said Mark Potok, director of the law center’s Intelligence Project.
“It was fairly shocking that they would have that meeting,” Potok said Monday.
ProEnglish has given $19,000 and legal advice to Nashville English First, which hopes to force a countywide vote on a proposal to limit all Metro Nashville government business, publications and meetings to English, with no exceptions for health or safety.
Nashville English First has spent about $20,000, mostly to print and mail petition postcards to Metro voters.
ProEnglish’s executive director, K.C. McAlpin, said it’s the Southern Poverty Law Center that’s spreading hate — and almost exclusively going after right-wing groups.
He said the organization has “run out of room” to go after the Ku Klux Klan, an early target with little strength today, and has no real criteria for identifying hate groups.
“Being called a hate group by the Southern Poverty Law Center is like being called ugly by a frog,” McAlpin said from ProEnglish’s offices in Arlington, Va. “They’ve broadened their scope to include any group that advocates for responsible immigration reform.”
In a 2002 report, the law center identified three other organizations funded and/or founded by Tanton as hate groups.
It has never characterized ProEnglish in that way.
In 1986, Tanton wrote a memo to “colleagues who met at retreats to discuss immigration,” according to “The Puppeteer,” the law center’s 2002 article on Tanton. The memo, leaked to The Arizona Republic newspaper in 1988, was full of questions and statements about “the non-economic consequences of immigration to California, and by extension, to the rest of the United States,” in Tanton’s words.
Tanton asked, among other things, “Will Latin American migrants bring with them the tradition of the mordida (bribe), the lack of involvement in public affairs, etc.?” and “Will Blacks be able to improve (or even maintain) their position in the face of the Latin onslaught?”
Gregg Ramos, a Nashville attorney who is working to defeat the official-English plan, said Tanton’s memo was repulsive.
“We shouldn’t let people like John Tanton and his hate mongers come into Tennessee and dictate how we’re going to treat people,” said Ramos, a first-generation American of Mexican heritage.
Ramos also contended that Crafton didn’t want to reveal the source of Nashville English First’s funding until after it submitted its voter petition last week because “he didn’t want everybody to know he was taking money from these hate groups.”
McAlpin said Tanton, who is in his 70s, “helped find sources of funding” to start ProEnglish 15 years ago.
But the organization now gets the roughly $1 million it spends each year from about 50,000 donors, with foundations giving 15 percent to 20 percent of the money and “smaller donors” providing the rest.
Tanton, who is on the boards of both ProEnglish and FAIR, said he and his wife have put “a fair amount” of their own money into the organizations, but he’s also raised money.
ProEnglish is the largest unit of his organization, U.S. Inc., which has a $2 million annual budget.
FAIR is a separate nonprofit organization.
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Investing in Self-Storage, with Paul Moore
Why would a commercial real estate investor, author, and syndicator move away from apartments and become a self-storage investor?
Paul Moore, real estate investor and author of Storing Up Profits, demonstrates how to capitalize on America’s obsession with stuff by investing in self-storage.
So, if you want to find out what’s to love about self-storage, learn the risks and downsides of self-storage, and get the scoop on how it performed during the pandemic … tune in now!
Table of contents
Prior Interviews with Paul Moore
Paul’s Introduction to Self-Storage
After selling his company to a public firm in his 30s, Paul thought he was going to get out of the game and focus on his family. However, he quickly realized that he wasn’t fulfilling his calling, and therefore was not being the husband or father he wanted to be. On top of that, he was bored.
This spurred him to seek a way to fill his time in a purposeful way that could also help him protect his family’s wealth. What occurred to him was real estate, so he started flipping houses and lots, and finally building houses.
[4:28] “I found out something really important that everybody needs to know. If you don’t know how to tighten the doorknob on your own house, you probably shouldn’t build a house.”
Eventually, he found his place in multi-family real estate. But after a while, he felt like what he thought was the “perfect investment” was no longer perfect because he had to overpay to get it. After research and time, his team discovered self-storage investments and created a fund to invest in that space.
Paul started his work with Bigger Pockets as a blogger, sharing his wisdom on real estate. And every six months, he would ask, “Is there anything else I can do to serve you?” Because Paul was invested in their success, and helping Bigger Pockets succeed, they’d let him do videos, live shows, and write books through them.
[7:17] “Bill Gates, he did three things to become the wealthiest person in the world. Number one, he decided at a young age what he wanted to do and he stayed in that lane… Second, he… found the biggest, most influential platform in the world that would be willing to let him partner with them. And then the third step is… not obvious. He did everything in his power to make them successful. Not himself, but them.”
Why Self Storage?
One of the benefits to self-storage, as Paul shares, is the short time frame the asset operates on. When you lease commercial property to someone, those leases are often a decade or two long, which means that rent is locked in. With self-storage, leases occur on a month-to-month basis, so you can raise prices as you see fit each month.
[10:58] “The thing I like best, though, is the fragmented industry. Now self-storage has about 53,000 facilities in the US. That’s about the same as McDonald’s, Starbucks, and Subway combined.”
About 75% of these facilities are run by independent operators, and two out of every three independents own one facility. This means they’re classified as a mom and pop, and they don’t have to have a lot of knowledge to make a good profit. However, this creates opportunities for experienced investors to come in and acquire the property, and capitalize on any oversights to drive further profits.
What is Value-Add in Self Storage?
[18:06] “The first time I heard value-add and self-storage, I think I laughed out loud. I mean, where are the countertops and cabinets and flooring and bark park and lighting and, you know, new appliances? None of that. We’re talking about four pieces of sheet metal, some rivets, a floor, and a door. Yet the opportunities for self-storage value-add are amazing.”
Some ideas for value-add that Paul shares include:
- Filling vacant units
- Reining in delinquency
- Add a billboard, cell tower, filling station, or ATM
- Partner with U-Haul
- Add point-of-sale items
- Include RV and Boat storage
- Incorporate climate-controlled facilities
All of these things can increase your profits and make your business more valuable for yourself and the people using your facility.
The Risks of Self Storage
The biggest risk of self-storage, Paul shares, happens during lease-up. During Paul’s first self-storage investment, he ran into this issue. He bought a self-storage property around the same time two other national competitors moved into the area. This meant for all three companies there was a much slower lease-up period because that particular community had several good options.
Another downside to this situation was that the national competitors had more ability to undercut their prices and get business, without feeling pain from the reduced prices. These national companies also, at the time, had better management and software.
Paul also shares that there’s a risk that your seller lies to you about their numbers, which can make it difficult to perform well in the early months or years.
How to Get Started in Self-Storage
If you have a lot of capital, getting started can be as simple as making an offer. However, you don’t have to be sitting on cash to break into the self-storage business.
Paul shares many ways to get started in the industry, including:
- Working through the ranks at a storage facility
- Getting a job as a broker or lender or asset manager for the facilities
- Purchasing a really small, inexpensive facility and learning the ropes
- Join a company as a capital raiser
- Becoming a deal finder for larger companies
- Getting a paid coach or mentor, then partnering with them and others
- Invest passively in self-storage, through a syndicator or fund
Connect with Paul
To invest with Paul, you must be an Accredited Investor, but you can access the following resources, no matter your income or Net Worth:
Book A Strategy Call
Do you want to coordinate your finances so that everything works together to improve your life today, accelerate time and money freedom, and leave the greatest legacy? We can help! Book an Introductory Call with our team today at https://themoneyadvantage.com/calendar/ and find out how Privatized Banking, alternative investments, or cash flow strategies can help you accomplish your goals better and faster. That being said, if you want to find out more about how Privatized Banking gives you the most safety, liquidity, and growth… plus boosts your investment returns, and guarantees a legacy, go to https://privatizedbankingsecrets.com/freeguide to learn more.
Every family has a culture, but those that leave their culture to accident rarely end up lasting across the generations. Mitzi Perdue shares the wisdom of successful multi-generational families, as she connects two business titan families with a collective 276 years of staying together as a family. She’s a businesswoman, speaker, and anti-trafficking advocate. Mitzi…Read More
We often talk about multigenerational legacy and multigenerational wealth, but beneath it, you need a multigenerational family team. Not just in name, but a strong team deeply committed to flourishing for generations. Jeremy Pryor, Partner and Co-Founder of Family Teams, is helping families build a multigenerational team on a mission. They help parents think of…Read More
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As you have likely heard, Equifax – one of the major credit companies in the US – had their security breached, and more than 140 million Americans have possibly had their identity compromised. Obviously, this is upsetting to all of us in this digital age where more damage can be done electronically than ever before. Cyber security is a real issue, and unfortunately, it isn’t going away anytime soon.
We want to assure you that none of the accounts we manage for you or the investment managers we deal with are reporting any attempts to access your confidential information in their systems. This doesn’t mean you are immune from the Equifax issue. However, we feel confident that your investment and insurance providers are not the source. In addition, we do not move any money at Summit without verbally confirming with our clients. So, while we can’t guarantee that the Equifax issue won’t impact you, we can be sure that none of your funds will go anywhere without us talking with you first.
Check this Equifax link to find out if you were one of the many that might have had your data breached.
(Editorial Comment: Equifax offers a “free 1-year” screening if you were compromised. Be aware – they were just compromised. There is also some concern that signing up limits your ability to seek damages in a class-action lawsuit.)
Check your credit. It’s good practice to check your credit periodically anyway, but it might be more important now. Be sure to look at the recent items where you have applied for credit to make sure it was you. There are a host of vendors for this, and some of the banks and credit cared companies offer this for clients as well.
Freeze your credit if you would like to lock things down for a period of time. You can follow the links below if you would like to freeze your credit at the major credit institutions. You will need to remove the freeze if you want to access credit personally, but this would add a barrier.
Consider a credit monitoring service. There are a host of these services that provide you an email or text message anytime someone accesses your credit report. While they do not prevent someone from obtaining credit, they do notify you every time you attempt to do so. Receiving an alert when you personally were not accessing credit would be very helpful in this environment. (ID Shield and Lifelock are two examples of vendors in this space.)
Security breaches have become a part of life, and hackers are not likely to back down anytime soon. While we cannot stop the occurrences, we promise to do all we can to support you with best practices and to protect your assets under our care. Please reach out to us with any questions or concerns.
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In the present study, researchers studied home remedies among patients at participating GP practices in the United Kingdom. Although the questionnaire did not ask about patients’ knowledge or use of home remedies, it was designed to collect information about their usage. This could have affected the results as patients may have been more familiarized with the pre-defined home remedies than they are with their daily practices. For example, some patients may have understood a cough remedy as a cough drop, but did not know that they were practicing a home remedy.
Besides taking warm compresses, you can try several home remedies for colds. For colds, ginger, turmeric, and garlic are all great remedies. Add some to your soup or decaf tea. Cayenne pepper can help clear your stuffy nose. These remedies are good for temporary relief. Common colds usually last one to two weeks. You can also apply menthol salve on the affected area.
The CDC recommends that you consult a doctor if you have symptoms of a cold that persist for more than 10 consecutive days. Contact your doctor if you are pregnant, nursing, or have a compromised immune response. Children should see their pediatrician immediately if they experience fever or other unusual symptoms. If you’re suffering from a cold or the flu, try home remedies to reduce fever and relieve symptoms.
One of the best home remedies for flu is to rest. Influenza is contagious. However, you should avoid being active and avoid contacting others if you have it. Good sleep is crucial for fighting the flu. It can boost the immune system. Humidity can also be helpful in relieving a stuffy nose and sore throat. Place a humidifier in your bedroom to keep the air moist. Turn on a humidifier to keep your nose dry if you wake up with a stuffy feeling.
Hot showers can also be beneficial. A steaming shower helps to moisturize the nasal passages, while a sponge bath can be a soothing way to unwind. You can also have your favorite restaurants delivered or your favorite meals delivered. Avoid fried and hard foods and spend as much time indoors as possible, reading and resting. When you have the flu, don’t go to the gym, or run errands. Spend the day in bed reading a book.
Sore throat remedies
A home remedy for sore throat can be as simple as gargling with lemon juice. Lemons contain high levels of vitamin C, which helps the body fight inflammation. One teaspoon of lemon juice should be taken with warm water once every half hour. The steam will soothe your sinuses and help you breathe easier. Alternately, you can use one teaspoon of honey mixed in a cup warm water. Honey has antibacterial properties that may soothe the throat.
Steam can also be used to soothe sore throats. It can help to clear congestion from the throat and open the sinuses. In case you don’t have access to a steam room, you can use a hot shower to get the same effects. To save money on a steam room, boil some water in a saucepan and place a towel on top of your face. Breathe deeply and direct the water stream towards your nose.
Poison ivy remedies
You may have come in contact with poison oak if you have ever wondered if there is a home remedy. Although there are no medically proven remedies, there are effective remedies to poison ivy. Cold compresses, witch hazel, and strong brewed tea are all effective at reducing the itching and pain caused by poison ivy.
Washing the affected area with soap can help, especially within the first 30 minutes of exposure, but avoid using a soap that contains oils. Another remedy is using rubbing alcohol. If your pet has been in contact with poison ivy, you should also give it a bath. This will help to remove any oil that has been transferred from your skin onto your pet’s skin. You can also give them a cool shower or soak them in soapy water to help ease the itch.
Ginger tea is a natural remedy for many ailments, including flu and cold symptoms. Ginger is also an excellent anti-inflammatory, aiding digestion and absorption of nutrients. Its anti-inflammatory properties reduce high blood pressure. A cup of ginger tea each day can prevent nausea and discomfort during pregnancy, and may also be a soothing remedy for menstrual cramps. The warm beverage can also be used to ease symptoms like sore throat or coughing.
To make ginger root tea, boil some water and add the root to a pot. Add a slice of lemon or two. Allow the mixture to steep for five minutes before you serve it. For added health benefits, add honey and lemon slices. Stir well and enjoy! To give your ginger tea home remedies for flu symptoms or cold symptoms, you can add a few drops honey or lemon juice to give it a tangy taste. You can even make ginger tea in a cup with hot water.
Gargle with turmeric salt
A mixture of salt and turmeric can be used to treat symptoms of a sore throat. The combination of turmeric and salt will help to reduce inflammation as well as any phlegm. It is one the most powerful expectorants. It may also be helpful to add a few drops or honey to your water. This gargle should be done first thing in the morning.
Turmeric has many beneficial effects on the body. It can fight off infections and prevent the coronavirus. You can make a gargle by mixing turmeric with hot water. Turmeric milk can also ingested to soothe sore throats. To make a paste of turmeric powder, you can mix it with water. You can also grind some turmeric powder into a fine powder, and apply it directly to the affected area. Peppermint oil has menthol which has antibacterial, numbing and soothing properties.
Hot chicken soup
Chicken soup is the perfect solution for cold and hot days. This delicious, quick meal can be prepared in under two hours. You can also add carrots, onions and celery to the soup. Add bay leaves, spices, and dried mint, and simmer the soup for 2 1/2 hours or until the chicken is tender. If you would like to add rice, cook it while the soup is simmering.
One study concluded that chicken has immune-boosting and antibacterial properties. The American Journal of Therapeutics published a study that found that chicken’s compound carnosine regulates the body’s immune system. This could help fight off a cold. Chicken soup is also known for its ability to loosen the mucus, making them an effective treatment for congestion. According to Dr. Ziment, chicken soup is more effective than hot water when it comes to clearing the sinuses.
Figs ease constipation
Figs are a great way to increase your fiber intake and still enjoy a great taste. A quarter cup of dried raisins contains approximately 4 grams of fiber. This is comparable to the amount in a medium grapefruit. Whether eaten raw or cooked, figs are a great way to reduce constipation. You can also soak the leaves in water before putting them in salads and baking. Dried figs can also be purchased at specialty stores or online.
Besides their delicious taste, figs are also rich in dietary fiber, which aids in inducing bowel movements. Two figs can be soaked in water overnight to provide a natural remedy. You can then take a teaspoonful of the soaked figs in the morning to induce bowel movements. You can also eat the figs as a snack.
High blood pressure can be reduced by using olive-tree leaves
Research suggests that the olive-tree leaves may lower blood pressure in hypertensives. The natural substance oleuropein is found in high amounts in olive leaves. These compounds have been shown to reduce systolic blood pressure by 11.5 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure by 4.8 mmHg, and provide other vascular benefits. However, it is not yet clear if olive-tree leaf extracts are effective.
The olive tree is a symbol of endurance and resilience, able to withstand even the harshest climate. The leaves of the olive tree are a powerful remedy. They contain compounds that are anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective. Two studies have investigated the effect of olive-tree leaves on blood pressure and waist circumference. These studies found that olive-tree leaves reduced the risk of CVD by up to 15% and significantly decreased the risk of developing heart disease.
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Fleets of container ships loaded with consumer goods are sitting outside the harbors of Long Beach and Los Angeles. There is a national shortage of truck drivers to deliver these containers. Computer chips from manufacturers…
Fleets of container ships loaded with consumer goods are sitting outside the harbors of Long Beach and Los Angeles. There is a national shortage of truck drivers to deliver these containers. Computer chips from manufacturers in Asia are in short supply, impacting the availability of new cars, toys, computers and other consumer goods.
How did we get here? When will it end? Who broke the supply chain?
I asked a number of local experts for their insights as to how we got here and the impact on Wisconsin businesses.
Pat Cronin, an international business consultant who works with many large Wisconsin manufacturers, feels that what we are experiencing is a result of two factors: the robust global economic recovery and impact of the continued COVID-19 pandemic. He states economic recoveries are rarely neat and tidy, especially when they are global in scope and consequence. Popular opinion is that the current supply chain challenges are emblematic of the downside of globalization. In reality, they are a patch of gravel on a long and hilly road to recovery and growth. The start/stop/re-start of supply chasing demand in the current recovery has knocked the send-and-receive processes of supply chain out of sync. This process will smooth out and port schedules and work rules will be sorted out.
Re-shoring of supply chains is the current discussion in the business press. Massive re-shoring is very unlikely; the management rationale for an international or global supply chain hasn’t fundamentally changed. Minimum quality/low-cost production goes to where the costs are lower. Rebalancing of a supply chain may make more management sense, however, especially if manufacturers are caught in an all-eggs-in-one-basket dilemma during this recent downturn, particularly if that basket was made in China. Global dependence on concentrated sources of key manufacturing inputs (e.g., microchips, lithium, etc.) also has management thinking about a new long-term supply vision.
Ed Panelli, the group director for the plant manager and quality peer advisory groups organized by the Paranet Group, provided his insights. His groups are composed of manufacturing companies like Magnatek, Yaskawa Electric, Charter Steel and Regal Ware.
His members have been affected, and the increase in demand has exacerbated the supply chain dilemma. They are experiencing:
- Order lead times growing five to 10 times the norm. Suppliers are raising prices with the reciprocal pass on to customers.
- Some suppliers have even stopped giving lead times on orders.
- Another factor complicating shortages is that some customers are placing orders to stockpile parts to fill their own end-user orders.
Paranet members have taken various actions to address these disruptions, such as:
- Administration personnel are being used to handle calls to vendors to get order status updates.
- Engineers are being used to design for out-of-stock parts to help source similar replacement parts in the interim.
- John Deere has taken the action of sending teams of 10 people to vendors to help on production lines to make their parts.
Steven Powers, the president of Curtis Industries, provided specific examples of the impact of the supply chain disruption on his business.
As a manufacturer of electrical components, including terminal blocks, custom moldings, EMI/RFI filters, power supplies and related components, Curtis Industries has experienced a number of hurdles related to the supply chain and transportation of raw materials used with our products. For example, a number of plastic resin manufacturers have issued “force majeure” or allocation letters for several categories of resins. These notices reference availability of essential raw materials, extreme weather events, plant outages and carrier (shipping) delays. Quoted lead times have grown from four to six weeks to, in some cases, over 30 weeks.
Curtis products are safety agency (UL,CSA,CE) approved and, as such, they are not able to use resins other than those previously tested and approved by the regulatory agency. Getting alternative resins approved involves a long process of first identifying a suitable resin that is compatible with the safety requirements as well as existing molding dies. Additionally, these molding samples are submitted to the safety agencies for compliance testing, review and approval. This entire process is expensive and can take over three months to complete. Besides resins, the availability of metals, especially brass, and components like capacitors are also experiencing price increases, extended lead times and transportation delays as many sources for these materials are located in southeast Asia.
As you can see, what is happening at the docks in California is impacting businesses in Wisconsin and ultimately the consumer.
The disruption is projected to last through the first half of 2022. Cronin feels that over time the supply chain process will smooth out and we will see things return to a new normal. n
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1. It maintains a stable temperature.
According to data from the United Nations, in 2018, approximately 82% of North Americans live in urban areas, and around 55% of the world’s population lives in urban areas. It is projected that by 2050, approximately 68% of the world’s population will live in urban areas. Why do we humans flock to urban areas like this? Perhaps it is because of the convenience of living and the benefits of easily accessible cultural life along with a social safety net.
But do you know why so many wild animals nest in forests? In general, it is said that the difference between day and night temperature in a city or field is severe, more than 36 degrees Fahrenheit, whereas in the forest, the difference between day and night temperature does not exceed 9 degrees Fahrenheit. As such, the dense forest provides a stable climate that is not sensitive to temperature changes, which is why many animals make a living in these forests. So, what should people who live in a forest of buildings like Manhattan, New York do?
If you can’t live in the woods, if you build a house out of wood or similarly decorate your home with wood, it can make up for it. The thermal insulation performance of wood products is 8 times better than concrete, 400 times better than steel, 6 times better than brick structure, and 1.7 times better than glass. The reason wood products can have good thermal insulation performance is that they have millions of tiny air sacs inside their structure. This is the reason why a constant temperature can be maintained because hot air in winter and cold air in summer are stored and released into the air bag that acts as a natural insulation material. Therefore, as humans, it is beneficial in many ways to live in a house built with these wooden structures or interiors using wood products.
2. The best method of healing is the forest.
A few years ago, I visited Redwood National Park in California. The fresh air that reaches my lungs really seems to purify my body. Have you ever heard of forest healing?
Forest healing is already a common treatment method in Canada, Germany and Japan. In Germany, there are about 300 hospitals that take forest healing as a prescription, and it is said that health insurance is also provided. Why are the people of this country so passionate about trees? Just as I felt the refreshing and uplifting feeling I felt when I visited Redwood National Park, when I put a tree next to it, an ingredient called phytoncide is released from the tree itself, which makes me feel refreshed. When this phytoncide enters our body, it helps physiological activity, stabilizes the mind, and triggers anti-inflammatory and antioxidant reactions. It also strengthens the cardiopulmonary function to treat asthma and lung diseases. The negative ions emitted from the wooded areas stimulate the parasympathetic nerves of the brain, helping to stabilize the mind. Also, when we humans enter the forest, serotonin secreted from our own brains benefits our minds and bodies.
Professor Morimoto’s team at Nippon University, Japan, said, “We found that as a result of having cancer patients stay in a wooded forest, immune cells, natural killer (NK) cells, increased and adrenaline, which is related to stress, decreased. Our medical team’s recommendation to this patient is to go to the forest and take in the trees.” he said. For these reasons, it is said that the best method of healing is the forest. These good benefits are the reason why Woodambitious focus on wood.
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Before we begin a bit of clarification seems in order. This week’s title in no way bears reference, positive or negative, towards the homosexual community. So to be clear it is not mentioned here as a symbolic reference to “coming out of the closet.” As far as I’m concerned I only go into the closet to get pants and fight the occasional boogie man on my grandson’s behalf.
In addition the aforementioned “Rainbow Bridge” should not be confused with Bifröst, the burning rainbow bridge of Norse mythology. This bridge serves as a gateway of passage for those who have died a noble warrior’s death, from Midgard (the world) and Asgard, the realm of the gods. Bifröst is also the subject of a 2002 song by Swedish melodic death metal band Amon Amarth, which should not be confused, with but bears the same title as this article.
Gay pride and death metal aside, what rainbow bridge are we talking about here? “Rainbow Bridge” is the title of a poem by an unknown author written sometime between 1980 and 1992. It tells story of Rainbow Bridge, a green meadow located “this side of Heaven” and an adjoining bridge connecting it to Heaven. It serves as a waiting place for beloved pets that have gone beyond this world. Rather than try and explain the simplistic and sober beauty of this piece I’ll step aside and let it speak for itself. What follows is the original poem “Rainbow Bridge” in its entirety.
“Just this side of heaven is a place called Rainbow Bridge.
When an animal dies that has been especially close to someone here, that pet goes to Rainbow Bridge. There are meadows and hills for all of our special friends so they can run and play together. There is plenty of food, water and sunshine, and our friends are warm and comfortable.
All the animals who had been ill and old are restored to health and vigor. Those who were hurt or maimed are made whole and strong again, just as we remember them in our dreams of days and times gone by. The animals are happy and content, except for one small thing; they each miss someone very special to them, who had to be left behind.”
They all run and play together, but the day comes when one suddenly stops and looks into the distance. His bright eyes are intent. His eager body quivers. Suddenly he begins to run from the group, flying over the green grass, his legs carrying him faster and faster.
You have been spotted, and when you and your special friend finally meet, you cling together in joyous reunion, never to be parted again. The happy kisses rain upon your face; your hands again caress the beloved head, and you look once more into the trusting eyes of your pet, so long gone from your life but never absent from your heart.
Then you cross Rainbow Bridge together….”
Right now if you have or have lost a beloved four legged friend you’re in teary eyed wonder as to “why.” Why are we indulging an unknown author for a poem that simultaneously puts a smile on our face and ache in our hearts? It is to pay a final tribute to one of our own. Sadly I had never heard of the Rainbow Bridge until my wife Lil Red mentioned it in a Facebook post. That post concerned the passing of her companion of 14 years, a shih tzu who was Nutmeg in both color and name. Of those years the last six were spent in my company as well. In that short time I, who detested the idea of “inside dogs,” came to love this sweet and very lovingly licking little furry person.
Thus we dedicate this week’s article and the poem it contains to all those who have ever loved and lost a pet. More directly for my spouse and specifically to Nutmeg who has crossed over the Rainbow Bridge and is, I am certain, napping peacefully whilst she waits.
I welcome almost all questions and comments via FOCUS, or email me at firstname.lastname@example.org or you can FRIEND me on Facebook under Saw’s Brood!
Hope to hear from ya, until then try and stay focused. See ya!
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Hasselblad History: Nazi Spy Planes, THE MOON, 100 Megapixels
Video Cameras: Apollo 11: Westinghouse Apollo Lunar Television Camera 4 May 2011 Film photography tips, tricks & news. Film and camera shop and market stall. Live from London. Hasselblad - The first camera on the moon.
This is the camera used to take photographs of the surface of the Moon. These photos can be easily recognized thanks to the little crosses coming from the reseau plate at the back of the HEDC. All these Hasselblad cameras are part of my collection. The camera used on the moon was a heavily modified version of a different Hasselblad—the commercially available 500 EL camera. To prepare the camera for the moon, Hasselblad engineers gave it a 2019-07-03 · On July 20th Hasselblad celebrates its fiftieth anniversary as the maker of the camera that documented the historic moon landing.
NASA Moon Camera påstods användas av Apollo Astronaut
Hasselblads historia - Per-Anders Westman, Vännäs"
Also in the lunar module - and making its first journey in space - was a Hasselblad 500EL Data Camera, which was the one to be used on the moon's surface. The Data Camera, like the other two 500ELs, was a modified standard 500EL camera but differed from the others in several ways: (1) The Data Camera was fitted with a so-called Reseau plate. Glenn used it to take pictures from orbit on Friendship 7 in February 1962.
12 feb. 2015 — Guldkornen från samlingen From the Earth to the Moon: Vintage NASA i vars visir fotografen syns, med en Hasselblad-kamera monterad på
Maximal bildupplösning, 5472 x 3648 pixlar. Videoupplösningar, 2688 x 1512,1920 x 1080,3840 x 2160. Inbyggd kamera, checkmark.
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Apollo 7 Hasselblad image from film magazine 4/N - Earth Orbit.
19 Jul 2019 The Swedish manufacturer tributes the HEC and HDC cameras chosen by NASA for space photography with a special edition of its recently
21 Jul 2016 While Hasselblad was the camera manufacturer of choice for NASA, the cameras were heavily modified to ensure that they could function in
13 Oct 2018 Hasselblad Moon Camera Neil Armstrong used a Hasselblad 500EL Data Camera with a Zeiss Biogon 60mm f/5.6 lens that sported a
20 Jul 2019 It was a trio of Hasselblad cameras that were taken by Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins on the Apollo 11 lunar landing mission. Still Cameras: Hasselblad 70mm EDC Maurer 16mm Data Acquisition Camera. Video Cameras: Apollo 11: Westinghouse Apollo Lunar Television Camera
4 May 2011 Film photography tips, tricks & news. Film and camera shop and market stall.
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jan holster millennium
internationell administration med språk, inriktning engelska
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hasselblad 500 Barnebys
It is sharply focused and the colours are brilliant, despite the harsh light.
Hasselblad häfte "10 Years on the moon 1969-1979 - Tradera
This is the camera that inspired Hasselblad’s recently announced 907X Special Edition, a limited edition moon-landing themed variant of the yet to be released modular camera announced last month. So there you have it; Walter Schirra’s passion for photography set Hasselblad on a course to the stars. Which camera to send to the Moon? The iconic images taken with the Hasselblad 500 series captivated the world. Today, Hasselblad cameras are synonymous with Hasselblad and Zeiss weren’t the only 2 camera companies to play a part in man’s first steps on the moon though.
2019-07-01. HASSELBLAD CELEBRATES 50 YEARS ON THE MOON AS THE CAMERA THAT DOCUMENTED THE HISTORIC MOON LANDING.
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Medicine at LAASER
Rehabilitative Care and Integrative Medicine at LAASER
Our veterinarians are trained in canine rehabilitation therapy, acupuncture, pain management, chinese herbals and more. They are committed to help alleviate pain as well as limitations set by conditions affecting daily living activities and movement. Our team is here to provide high-quality care to assist your pet regain the highest level of performance or self-reliance.
Our rehabilitation team will work side by side with your pet’s primary care veterinarian to ensure transparency in your pet’s care plan. A rehabilitation veterinarian will create a customize treatment program after a thorough evaluation, which includes: a physical examination, orthopedic and neurological assessment, gait analysis, weight bearing assessment with stance analyzer, assessment of daily living activities (stairs/sitting, etc.), review of current supplements and medications, and weight assessment.
Some conditions may be more prevalent in some breeds than others. If you feel like your pet may be experiencing physical limitations resulting in a need for rehabilitative treatments, please contact your pet’s primary care doctor to ask about a referral or visit our ER queue here if immediate attention is needed
Common Conditions Treated by Rehabilitation Veterinarians
While there are many injuries and illnesses that can lead to rehabilitation programs for pets, here is a list of some of the most common conditions seen:
- Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD)
- Hip and elbow dysplasia
- Conservative management of orthopedic conditions like CCL (cranial cruciate ligament) tear, when surgery is not an option
- Post-op orthopedic and neurological procedures
- Fibrocartilaginous embolism (FCE)
- Degenerative myelopathy (DM)
- Cauda equina compression
Some conditions may be more prevalent in some breeds than others. If you feel like your pet may be experiencing limitations resulting in a need for rehabilitative treatments, please contact your pet’s primary care doctor or visit our ER queue here if immediate attention is needed.
Here is a brief overview of therapies we offer:
- Underwater Treadmill – The buoyancy property of water helps minimize stress to joints and surrounding soft tissue, permitting exercises in a controlled environment. It is used for painful osteoarthritic patients, postoperative orthopedic and neurological procedures, neurological impairments, geriatric care, and obesity management.
- Laser therapy – infrared-light therapy is used for pain management for conditions such as arthritis, muscle pain, anti-inflammatory effect.
- Acupuncture – it involves the insertion of thin needles into specific points to aid in circulation, decrease pain, and muscle spasms.
- Therapeutic Exercise – Therapeutic exercises can target balance, strength, coordination, and flexibility. Can be used post-operatively to regain the best function possible. For other pets, it helps maintain better daily living activities and independence.
- Manual Therapy/Joint Mobilization/Passive Range of Motion – techniques such as passive range of motion (PROM), joint mobilization are used to improve mobility and relieve stress/pain.
- Therapeutic Massage – Massage therapy in pets can help relieve pain, improve mobility, and promote relaxation.
- Orthotics, Prosthetics, and Assistive Devices – These are used when a pet needs support for an unstable joint, assist in healing of soft tissue injury, missing part of a limb, a deformed limb, trouble getting up or cannot walk. Such aids could be wraps, hinged devices, prosthetics, carts, harnesses, and others.
- Pulsed Magnetic Field Therapy – using electromagnetic fields, this therapy promotes healing, inflammation reduction, and pain relief.
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A Simple Guide to the EHIC – European Health Insurance Card
The EHIC or European Health Insurance Card is a replacement for the old E111.
The EHIC gives the holder rights to treatment that becomes medically necessary during a temporary visit to EEA (European Economic Area) countries or Switzerland. People who are ordinarily resident in the UK can apply for an EHIC. Each individual travelling requires a card.
Who is entitled to a card?
Any person who is ordinarily resident in the UK. There are some restrictions, please the European Health Insurance Card website.
Where can it be used?
In all EU countries as well as Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. Only treatment provided under the state scheme is covered.
What does it cover me for?
The EHIC covers treatment provided by the state healthcare scheme in the country you are visiting. This means that if in the country you are travelling too locals have to pay for prescriptions or going to the dentist then you will have to as well.
It does not cover repatriation costs. Therefore if you need to be repatriated (i.e. taken back home) then you will have to pay for this yourself and it can be very expensive, this is on of the reasons it worthwhile to get insurance.
If you need more specific information about what treatment is covered, how much is covered, how to use card and how to get treatment abroad then please visit the NHS website will all the EHIC details. This website has full country information about what you are entitled to and this is unlikely to be the same as in the UK.
Please note that this is not a replacement for holiday insurance and the government advises travellers to get both.
How long does it last for?
The cards only last for 5 years so don’t forget to keep yours up-to-date. See below on how to renew.
How much is the card?
The EHIC – European Health Insurance Card is FREE. Beware of unofficial websites that charge you!
Where to apply
The card can be obtained from the NHS website’s European Health Insurance Card section. Click on the ‘Apply now’ to register. You can also call on 0845 606 2030. Non-EEA nationals must apply by post because more documentation is required. Visit the EHIC website for more details.
How to renew
For renewals the procedure is the same as for new applications. Visit the European Health Insurance Card section from the NHS for more information.
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Britain, France, Germany and even India have all announced national policies to accelerate transition to EVs between 2030 and 2040. Cities from Paris, Rome, Athens to Mexico City, all set their target dates to phase out fuel-powered cars. Taiwan must be well prepared by 2025 to usher in the era of EV.
Hsin-I Lin, a senior advisor to Taiwan's president, pointed out that Taiwan's annual carmaking output value reached a peak at NT$220 billion in 2014, and it was NT$190 billion in 2020, with export of automotive parts exceeding NT$200 billion. Lin projected that the output value of the automotive industry could reach NT$600 billion, and it would'nt be a surprise that it would become another trillion-Taiwan-dollar industry in a few years.
Lin seems to be relatively conservative as compared with Foxconn (Hon Hai) chairman Young-Way Liu, who has foretold that Foxconn will unleash its EV business expansion in 2023. Yancey Hai, chairman of Delta Electronics, has noted Delta is about to usher in remarkable growth. He must be upbeat about car- and energy-related businesses rather than the traditional IT businesses.
But what is the market penetration rate for different EV transport modes? Citing Bloomberg's data, UMC co-founder John Hsuan highlighted electrical SUVs and trucks accounted for only 1 % in 2020, with passenger cars more than 4%, battery-powered buses 39%, and two-wheeler as high as 44%.
Take passenger cars for example. Globally, electrical passenger car sales of 3.2 million in 2020 accounted for a penetration rate of 4.4%. It is projected that 33 million new EVs will hit the road by 2030, with a penetration rate close to 35%. At least two-thirds of the world's passenger cars are EVs by 2040. The global market size will grow from US$96 billion in 2020 to US$990 billion in 2030 and US$1.98 trillion in 2040. All global IT players certainly have their hearts set more on the EV industry with market size of US$2 trillion than the PC industry of US$300 billion and handset industry of US$600 billion.
The battery sector now dependent on foreign vendors is "the last piece of the puzzle" to complete Taiwan's automotive supply chain. Hsuan believes that Taiwan's yearly market size of 400,000 vehicles should be enough to prop up a battery company. A sustainable battery industry coupled with a super grid of recharging infrastructure are the trends and desirable applications of Taiwan society.
With structural transformation of the vehicle market and industrial transition, expectations of Taiwan's strengths in electronics and machinery industries from multiple countries are rising. Business opportunities are knocking at the door of Taiwan's electronics industry.
(Editor's note: This is part of a series of analysis of Taiwan's role in the global ICT industry.)
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Business Email Compromise
Among the growing threats within today’s cyber-sphere, the trend of Business Email Compromise, or BEC, is certainly nearing the top of the list.
Broadly defined, BEC is a type of sophisticated scam targeting companies who conduct wire transfers, especially those with suppliers abroad.
The Email Compromise Scourge
BEC operations begin with a hacker gaining control of an email account from which monetary transfers are requested and authorized. This stage is typically accomplished by means of key loggers or phishing attacks.
Once cyber criminals gain control of an account, there’s a range of ploys they can use to extract funds from unknowing recipients. Fraudsters can send fake invoices to clients requesting payment to an account under their control. Another common tactic is to impersonate a high ranking executive and send a message to employees, ordering them to ‘move around’ company funds. The list goes on.
The damage caused by the trend of BEC campaigns has caught the attention of federal investigators. Last year, the FBI’s internet crime complaint center (IC3) revealed that BEC operations had cost global companies over $12 billion over a five year period.
The Rush to Defense
It is not surprising that the IT industry has been working on the problem of how to fight BEC for quite some time.
However, even the answers provided by field leaders have all fallen short.
The current consensus on how to combat BEC is the application of algorithmic tools to diagnose activity indicating account compromise. Researchers at Gartner have also advocated this approach. In their latest report on BEC, the firm calls for “customizable machine learning options” that can “integrate with current email security systems.” Gartner claims that such tools are readily available, and companies can look to “current email security providers to provide these controls.”
While the approach advocated by Gartner and others is pointing in the right direction, the problem is the reliability of platforms needed to actually accomplish these tasks.
The unfortunate fact is that even the top AI / machine learning solutions available today do not yield results accurate enough to support business operations. It’s not just the occasional miss these systems inevitably allow for–failing to flag a fraudulent email for instance–but also the built up of false positives that can often paralyze administrators and IT departments.
Combating Business Email Compromise the Smart, Intelligent Way
GTB’s Security Manager provides intelligent detection engines proven to provide near perfect assurance. With GTB Technologies cybersecurity solutions, companies can maintain control of the communications emanating from their networks, in a streamlined and fully scalable platform.
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I a massed all the raw stock material from OnlineMetals.com
One aspect of this project was to make a "run", i.e. more than one or two parts. I started with the Petal Support member. Each "flower" has 5 of these "petals" so that meant I needed 60 parts. I ended up making a few more in case I screwed anything up later and also to have some spare parts.
I made a jig to hold the blanks and used the rotary to get both sides. It took about 15 mins per part, but after several hours I had 64 done.
Next I had to mill a slot at the pivot end, so I had to make another fixture and run a other op.
I had this idea. It's about data visualization.
My basic proposition is that most folks don't like analyzing data, don't really understand graphs and don't have the patience to figure it out. Along with this is a literal tsunami of data coming at us from sources such as the internet of things (IOT). So how does a normal person "grok" the information signal buried in the data?
Let's say you're monitoring your household electrical consumption, and you happen to have a PV Solar system too. Let's also imagine you have a data logger such that you are capturing how much you're consuming, how much you're generating and, by subtraction, how much you're purchasing from the grid. Now you could generate a graph to show the system performance.
However, that's sort of geeky. I decided to approach this problem in the form of a data driven sculpture. The idea would be to have the state - say what it looks like, sounds like, etc - attempt to convey the information signal in the data. So lets say you change the position of an element as one vector. And you can change the color, brightness and period (if you want a blink effect) of an LED as a second vector. So a happy system - i.e. one where the sun is shining, plenty of power is being made and you're not using too much sets the state of the sculpture in an "open" and bright color mode. And a sad system - i.e. sun is shining, but very little power is being generated (maybe due to a failure of some type) the state is "closed" and the LED is off or glowing dull red. So the casual observer could potentially figure out the meaning of the two states.
What I've chosen to do is to make a kind of flower where the petals can open and close and the bud area is illuminated with 5 RGB LEDs. I plan to make a dozen of 'em. I started working on this idea during Dec of '16 and it's been a pretty slow roll. I guess I'm in no hurry. Here's a few pics of the prototype:
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This paper proposes a non-trivial definition of the notion of analytic method. Working within the so-called instructional model of method, I distinguish three kinds of instructions which occur in methods: selective, executive, and declarative instructions. I discuss the relation between each of these and the analyticity of a method. Then I define the notions of an analytic use of an instruction and of an analytic instruction, which are at the basis of the proposed definition of an analytic method. Finally, I discuss the issue of circularity in the presented model which arises if we consider a finite agent testing a method for analyticity.
Analytic method, analytic proposition, closure, instruction, knowledge base
*Príspevok je chránený zákonom o autorskom práve a právach súvisiacich s autorským právom (autorský zákon).
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Your doctor or physical therapist may have recommended aquatic therapy as part of your treatment plan.
Most of our patients who have graduated from our aquatic therapy rehabilitation program can tell you…it works! We consistently hear patients tell us of significant decreases in pain, improved endurance, and obvious strength and motion gains. You may be wondering what the pool has to offer you and the answer is likely….a whole lot! Each patient will have a specifically designed program to meet their individual goals. It is not necessary that a patient is able to swim, although we do ask that you tell us if you are uncomfortable in the water so we can increase the safety and quality of your experience. Aquatic Therapy Centers are located at our Forest Hill, Bel Air, Arena Club, Joppa, Eldersburg, and White Marsh locations.
If you have ever floated in a pool you know that water provides support through buoyancy. From a rehabilitation standpoint, the water decreases the gravity placed on the body and allows for earlier muscle strengthening. This supportive, warm water environment makes it easier for a patient to move with less overall stress on joints, muscles, and bones.
The water pressure surrounding a patient’s body in the pool can gently stimulate good blood and lymphatic circulation. We have clinically seen a reduction in swelling in ankles, feet, and upper extremities. As swelling is decreased, range of motion can increase allowing for more normal movement.
Just being in the water provides resistance to movement in all directions. Core muscles can be strengthened as your body responds to the movement of the water around you. This “all over” resistance can be used to strengthen specific muscle groups, challenge core stability, and retrain sensory awareness and balance reactions.
We understand that for some patients, the idea of moving and exercising to decrease pain and improve function can be overwhelming. We find that the aquatic therapy can be a great start. The benefits of aquatic therapy go beyond the physical. We see patients each day in pool becoming more mobile, gaining endurance, and believing that their goals for function and wellness are, in fact, within reach.
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We present the results of two simultaneous X-ray/radio observations of the low-mass X-ray binary GX 13+1, performed in July/ August 1999 with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer and the Very Large Array. In X-rays the source was observed in two distinct spectral states; a soft state, which had a corresponding 6 cm flux density of ~0.25 mJy, and a hard state, which was much brighter at 1.3–7.2 mJy. For the radio bright observation we measured a delay between changes in the X-ray spectral hardness and the radio brightness of ~40 min, similar to what has been found in the micro-quasar GRS 1915+105. We compare our results with those of GRS 1915+105 and the atoll/Z-type neutron star X-ray binaries. Although it has some properties that do not match with either atoll or Z sources, GX 13+1 seems more similar to the Z sources.
|Numero di pagine||9|
|Rivista||ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS|
|Stato di pubblicazione||Published - 2004|
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://pure.unipa.it/it/publications/simultaneous-radio-and-x-ray-observations-of-the-low-mass-x-ray-b-3
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Cognitive, emotional and physical disturbances have been attributed to the habit of little sleep. Resting for the necessary hours must be our priority.
Last update: 16 March, 2020
Little sleep has become a habit for many teenagers and adults. When the lifestyle is saturated with stimuli, with impatience, with a hectic need to do everything, basic needs, such as sleep, end up altering.
At the same time, changes in daylight hours or shifts and constant access to technology are encouraging this habit.
The consequences of an altered sleep manifest themselves on different levels, namely emotional, cognitive and physical, to the point of creating new ailments such as insufficient sleep syndrome. This is ultimately a mistake in managing our daily priorities.
The mechanism of sleep
Sleep is a basic physiological state and involves a lowering of alertness and consciousness. The aim is to develop processes of integration of brain activity and modify the physiological mechanisms of our body. It is governed by the circadian cycle, in which a state of wakefulness and one of sleep alternate.
Sleep is composed of two main phases that always follow each other in the same order. The first stage is Non-REM sleep, characterized by the absence of rapid eye movements. It is divided, in turn, into four moments:
- Not REM1: sleep is light, it is easy to wake up and the perception of stimuli, internal and external, still exists.
- Not REM2: the sensory access of our body is blocked, the muscles relax and the heart rhythm slows down. Brain waves begin to decrease allowing the brain to calibrate its activities.
- Not REM3: brain waves continue to decrease, sensory block is stronger. Increases the production of growth hormones.
- Not REM4: together with the previous stage, it is the moment in which sleep is deepest. Delta waves predominate.
The second stage of sleep is called REM, which is characterized by the presence of rapid eye movements.
In this phase, muscle tone decreases; the respiratory and heart rhythms are irregular. It is the time of sleep when the brain is most active and produces lucid dreams with a common thread.
Brain activation and the habit of little sleep
In research using brain imaging techniques, it has been observed that a decrease in the time spent sleeping causes an overall reduction in cognitive activity.
This occurs mainly in the prefrontal cortex and in the parietal lobe. The tests have focused particularly on verbal activity and is thought to be due to the brain trying to stay awake and alert.
Does little sleep affect cognitive function?
We know that sleep is essential to adequate cognitive functioning throughout the day. Recent research has shown that giving up 1,3 hours of sleep a day causes a 32% reduction in alertness after one week with repercussions on physical and cognitive activities.
Memory and learning
Memory and learning are related to sleeping well. During sleep, the information acquired during the day is consolidated. Resting well is therefore essential to learning.
Different aspects of memory correspond to the different phases of sleep. For instance, the coding and consolidation of new information in our memory depends on the REM and Non-REM2 sleep phase. Failing to complete these stages, therefore, hinders the consolidation of memories. You can see its effects on academic performance.
There is also a relationship between sleeping and acquiring new information. In this case, little sleep decreases the activity of the hippocampus, the basic structure in the activity of memory coding, and hinders the ability to retain data.
Another consequence of poor sleep is daytime sleepiness with effects on attention. In this case, since functions such as supervision are affected, we will have a tendency to lose or omit important elements in the performance of an activity.
It also becomes difficult to stay focused on the same activity for a long time. Add to this an increase in reaction time, it's no wonder that chronic lack of sleep can lead us to have a car accident or fail a test due to lack of time.
As we said, when we have late hours of sleep, our reaction times increase significantly. You are also more likely to make mistakes. In general, it will take us longer to complete an activity and even then we may have difficulty doing it correctly.
All of this affects every aspect of life. In particular, adolescents and young people who sleep little can have a decline in school performance, not being fully able to understand or perform what is required of them. Other impaired activities are automatic ones such as driving a car, due to slowing of reflexes.
What about the emotional life?
It seems that sleep deprivation causes temporary mood swings with a tendency to depression or anxiety.
Likewise, it affects emotional intelligence and constructive thinking. The consequences are noted at various levels, first of all, interpersonal relationships. Getting little sleep reduces assertiveness, the feeling of independence and self-realization.
Secondly, empathy towards others and the quality of relationships are undermined. In particular, a decrease in the ability to recognize facial expressions related to joy and anger was noted. This certainly has consequences on the ability to relate to others.
Finally, the ability to manage stress suffers from, among other things, a delay in activating the gratification system.
Relationship between little sleep and physiological functions
Sleep is closely linked to physiological activities since, as we have said, it regulates our cognitive, emotional and physical life. Among the main systems affected by the lack of sleep we find:
- Immune system. A reduction in sleep weakens our defenses and puts stress on the organs; increases the risk of getting sick.
- Cardiovascular system. Those who suffer from sleep disorders are more likely to suffer from diseases such as hypertension, heart disease or heart failure.
- Endocrine system. Sleeping little leads to an increase in cortisol levels and a decrease in thyroid hormones. For this reason there is a higher risk of suffering from obesity, diabetes and chronic fatigue.
Insufficient sleep syndrome
It is a disorder caused by a poor quantity and quality of night sleep, which is necessary for good vigilance during the day. Its origin is not physiological, but is linked to external factors. In particular, it is linked to a voluntary restriction of sleep motivated by other competing interests, such as fun or work.
It is typical of adolescents or young people of school age; the symptoms are daytime sleepiness, tiredness upon waking, the need for external help (mom and dad) to not get up late in the morning. Among the factors related to this syndrome:
- Teenage changes.
- Use of electronic devices.
- Extreme hours and excessive school load.
- Use of stimulants.
- Emotional or stress factors.
We must never underestimate the physiological need to sleep the right number of hours. As we have seen, non-restorative sleep has negative consequences on the emotional, cognitive and physical level, therefore on our performance.
Do you have a habit of postponing bedtime because you have important things to do? Given the risks associated with getting little sleep, it is better to prioritize bed over other activities. In the long run, your body will thank you.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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TALLAHASSEE, Fla.(WTXL)- The Spring House Institute in Tallahassee could be in trouble.
It's been listed on the Florida Trust for Historic Preservation's list of the state's Most Endangered Historic Sites for 2015.
The Spring House is the only residence in Florida built by Frank Lloyd Wright, who is known as one of America's greatest architects.
Frank Lloyd Wright built the home for the Lewis family in 1952. He incorporated a nautical theme into the design, derived from the homeowners' love of boats and the family's fondness for the Gulf Coast.
The endangered sites programs is designed to increase the public's awareness for the need to save Florida's most threatened historic resources.
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Introduction to Econometrics by Gary Koop, , available at Book Depository with free delivery worldwide. : Introduction to Econometrics () by Gary Koop and a great selection of similar New, Used and Collectible Books available now at. “Introduction to Econometrics has been written as a core textbook for a first course in econometrics taken by undergraduate or graduate students. It is intended.
|Published (Last):||15 April 2008|
|PDF File Size:||19.52 Mb|
|ePub File Size:||3.78 Mb|
|Price:||Free* [*Free Regsitration Required]|
Australian Catholic University Library.
Description Introduction to Econometrics has been written as a core textbook for a first course in econometrics taken ooop undergraduate or graduate students. Amazon Inspire Digital Educational Resources. Amazon Music Stream millions of songs.
The Econometrics of the Multiple Regression Model. Regression with Time Series Variables.
Open to the public. It also has enough introdudtion of the underlying econometric theory to give the student a knowledge of the statistical tools used in advanced econometrics courses.
Managing Successful Projects with Prince: University of Technology Sydney. These 4 locations in New South Wales: Alexa Actionable Analytics for the Web. Regression with Time Series Variables.
Discusses a wide range of models used by sconometrics economistsincluding many variants of the regression model with extensionsfor panel datatime series models including a discussion of unitroots and cointegration and qualitative choice models probit andlogit. Proof of the Gauss-Markov theorem. Amazon Giveaway allows you to run promotional giveaways in order to create buzz, reward your audience, and attract new followers and customers.
Add a tag Cancel Be the first to add a tag for this edition. Includes a wide range of models used by economists e. To achieve this end, it has a practical emphasis, showing how a wide variety of modelscan be used with the types of data sets commonly used byeconomists. Publication Data Place of Gart. Public Private login e. I have read a lot of books in econometrics.
The University of Melbourne Library. The Multiple Regression Model: The lowest-priced, brand-new, unused, unopened, undamaged item in its original packaging where packaging is applicable. There’s a problem loading this menu right now.
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It will also be highly useful for students interested in understanding the basics of econometric theory with a view towards future study of advanced econometrics. An extensive collection of web-based supplementary materials isprovided for this title, including: Check out the top books of the year on our page Best Books of Paperback Gary Larson Books.
Writing an Empirical Project. Amazon Drive Cloud storage from Amazon.
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This is barely worthy of a blog post. I’m just saying that up front. I’m not even sure how I ended up thinking about this last night. It was one of those falling asleep things where you know what you’re thinking is going to be the best blog post ever, but then in the morning (SHOCKED that you’ve even remembered it), it’s sort of lame. Yet, I type on.
I love P. It’s punchy and demands attention, but it’s not as harsh as T or K. It’s at the front of your lips ready to go, yet it’s not the most popular kid in school. It stands tall, but has some curve. You can draw a heart in it if you’re doodling your boyfriend’s last name with your first name. It plays well with others, both consonants and vowels alike. Also, if try to string a bunch of p-words together in a sentence like that one time where Catherine and I made every word in our conversation use a p-word, you will crack up.
Now take the word poop for example. It’s kind of the perfect P word. It’s allllllllllllmost an onomatopoeia (a word that is spelled like it sounds), but it’s not. Or is it? I don’t think it is. I think it’s that the order of the letters mimics the action. Poop. It can be a verb or a noun. Poop. Poop. It looks and sounds funky, just like what it is. Poop. It turns gross into silly.
P is quite a character.
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An overview of the user centered design process including the disciplines, methods used, and frequently asked questions.
Text of User Centered Design Overview
An overview of UCD [User Centered Design] i am aaron HURSMAN i live in dallas, TEXAS i do user EXPERIENCE i work @RACETOWIN i tweet @HURSMAN 2 I cant find anything on this site. Why do I have to click so many times to do anything? I hate this system, because it is impossible to use. I like the old one better. SOUND This site so ugly, it hurts my eyes! These fields should be filled in automatically. This system is so clunky. familiar? This is taking way longer than it should. Why are all these fields required? This isnt what I thought would happen. I must have clicked on the wrong thing This system is missing a critical feature I need to do my job. Ill just have to find the data myself and dump it to a spreadsheet. Why are requirements taking so long to define? When can I see what the system will look like? This isnt what I expected the screen to look like. There arent enough details in this requirements specification. The requirements specification is too detailed to consume. Why isnt anyone using the system? Why arent we seeing the ROI we anticipated? It was just user error. Thats a training issue. 3 doing the same thing over and over again and expecting DIFFERENT results? 4 http://bit.ly/dC8CaT refresh time to 5 http://bit.ly/9j36hZ What IS User centered design? 6 What IS User centered design? User Centered Design (UCD) is an iterative methodology that puts the user at the center of all design decisions. 7 What IS User centeredisdesign? UCD a DESIGN philosophy User Centered Design (UCD) is an iterative methodology that puts the user at the center of by a and approach enabled all design decisions. wealth of disciplines and design methods. 8 What IS THE GOAL OF UCD? 9 What IS THE GOAL OF UCD? The ultimate goal of UCD is to optimize a user's experience of a system, product, or process. 10 What IS THE GOAL OF UCD? UCD looks to realize this goal by considering the user perspective The ultimate goal of UCD is to optimize a user's during all phases of the experience of a system, product, or process. development lifecycle. 11 What IS THE USER PERSPECTIVE? 12 http://bit.ly/czatli USER perspective NO. 1: NEEDS AND WANTS 13 http://bit.ly/duRu7o USER perspective NO. 2: GOALS, MOTIVATION, AND TRIGGERS 14 http://bit.ly/cBKoTK USER perspective NO. 3: Obstacles AND Limitations 15 http://bit.ly/9giEMb USER perspective NO. 4: Tasks, Activities, AND Behaviors 16 http://bit.ly/9rYgds USER perspective NO. 5: Geography AND Language 17 http://bit.ly/agm9aw USER perspective NO. 6: Environment AND Gear 18 http://bit.ly/bdNYpD USER perspective NO. 7: WORK LIFE AND EXPERIENCE 19 http://bit.ly/9a3eCj Understanding the perspective a user brings to a system enables us to design that system to meet their needs. 20 What are the UCD disciplines? 21 What are the UCD disciplines? Visual Design 22 What are the UCD disciplines? Interaction Design Visual Design 23 What are the UCD disciplines? Interaction Research Design Visual Design 24 What are the UCD disciplines? Information Interaction Research Architecture Design Visual Design 25 What are the UCD disciplines? Information Interaction Research Architecture Design Visual Usability Design 26 What IS the UCD PROCESS? 27 What IS the UCD PROCESS? RESEARCH EVALUATE CONCEPT DESIGN 28 What IS the UCD PROCESS? RESEARCH 29 What IS the UCD PROCESS? ESEARCH CONCEPT 30 What IS the UCD PROCESS? RCH CONCEPT DESIGN 31 What IS the UCD PROCESS? EVALUATE CONCEPT DESIGN 32 How about an example? 33 Storyboard Interviews Personas Sketch Hi-Fidelity Usability Paper Prototype Testing Prototype Usability Hi-Fidelity Usability Testing Prototype Testing 34 35 http://bit.ly/d8JI5L 36 37 http://bit.ly/axWFqM 38 http://bit.ly/cIsiNQ 39 http://bit.ly/dssJzn http://bit.ly/drlHoZ 40 http://bit.ly/a477BW 41 http://bit.ly/aYLuhc What ARE the BENEFITS OF UCD? 42 What ARE the BENEFITS OF UCD? 43 What ARE the BENEFITS OF UCD? 44 What ARE the BENEFITS OF UCD? 45 What ARE the BENEFITS OF UCD? 46 What ARE the BENEFITS OF UCD? 47 FAQs Frequently Asked Questions 48 FAQs Frequently Asked Questions How long does UCD take? Will it impact my projec
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Mutus Liber (Wordless Book) Anonymous alchemical text for creating the Philosopher’s Stone. The Mutus Liber was first printed in France in 1677 and was reissued in 1702. Its origins and authorship are unknown. The content of the book consists only of 15 plates showing different stages of the Great Work, with no accompanying explanation. In true alchemical tradition, the images are meant to be interpreted and understood intuitively. Details missing from the images must come from a student’s spiritual study.
See also VEGETABLE GOLD.
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Making 2 viking hammers for blacksmithing – depraved peen
I hand forged two blacksmith hammers with no power tools. I make the first hammer in my indoor blacksmith shop and use that hammer to make the other hammer in my outdoor blacksmiths shop. Open the full video description for more information.
Use a single piece of spring steel - big leaf spring.
The hammer design was common in the viking age used by blacksmiths as a basic blacksmith hammer. Doing the viking age was the hammers made by folding and welding - not like I do it in the video from one single piece of tool steel. Archaeologists have found lots of hammers from the viking age - mainly the cross peen design I show in this video and dog head.
A few quick questions:
1. Do you sell?
No. Don"t sell any thing.
2. What is the function of the pointy ears on the hammer head?
Makes more surface contact to the handle and that makes the handle lees likely to get loose. Also makes it possible to use a very thick wedge without the handle splitting or rejecting the wedge.
3. what is the dust you use on the hot steel?
Char coal dust - helps the punch not to get stuck.
4. What "power hammer" is that?
Treadle hammer. Here is a video only about the hammer https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nmru3hXj47U
Video gear: Nikon D7000, Nikon 50 1.8, Røde videomacro, iMovie.
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at School of Electrical Engineering,
We are devoted to advanced research on novel wireless communication systems including massive MIMO, millimeter-wave communications, vehicular-to-everything (V2X) systems, and distributed communications (or device-to-device communications for Internet-of-Things), which will be core technologies for the 5G cellular system and beyond. Our research methodologies exploit many novel analytical tools in signal processing, probability theory, optimization, random matrix theory, compressive sensing, and machine learning.
In-soo and Hwanjin successfully finished their Ph.D defenses in Jun. 2022.
Hwanjin received the 2022 KAIST Global Leadership Award (Creativity).
Hwanjin received the Silver Prize at the IEEE Seoul Section Student Paper Contest 2021.
In-soo and Minje received the IITP Presidential Award at the ICT Colloquium 2021 Creative Capstone Project.
Sucheol, Hyeongtaek and Jihoon received the best paper award at the KICS Fall Conference 2021.
Junil promoted to an Ewon Associate Professor (endowed outstanding young faculty) from Sep. 2021.
In-soo and Hwanjin received NRF Research Subsidies for Ph.D. Candidates.
Hwanjin received the 2020 KAIST EE Best Research Achievement Award (Kim Choong-Ki Award).
Minje received KEPCO Electrical Engineering Scholarship.
Junil has been appointed as an Ewon Assistant Professor (endowed outstanding young faculty) from Mar. 2021.
Hyesang received the best paper award at the KICS Summer Conference 2020.
Junil joined KAIST as an assisstant professor in Aug. 2019.
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The Diditrike from Bigjigs is a lightweight, durable ride-on, which features smooth wheels and an easy to manoeuvre handlebar and no pedals or batteries. It has been designed to provide ultimate support and stability.
The freewheeling design allows for some serious whizzing around and its quirky, cute design makes for engaging play. It is suitable for use indoors and outdoors on any smooth, flat surface.
There are two funky designs including available a Zebra and a Giraffe. Suitable for riders up to 20KG.
What our testers said
“Look I go fast.” Boy aged 23 months
“Bike. Go.” Girl aged 18 months
What our experts think
These animal-themed trikes are a visually appealing way to get little ones moving and developing their balance and coordination. We did find that a lot of the children needed help at first with getting on to the trike. However, once on they quickly realised they needed to use their feet to push themselves along.
This is great for building stability and strengthening the big muscles in their legs – as young children learn to hold themselves up and ride along, they develop their balance and spatial awareness which are essential skills. There was some additional support needed with the steering but little ones enjoyed moving backwards and forwards at first, before progressing to this next step.
– Develops balance and stability
– Encourages active play
– Builds self-confidence
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Your Messy Room is Keeping You Unhealthy
By: Dr. Peggy Malone
Today I want to talk about your space or environment at home, at work, in your car, in your kitchen… even in your refrigerator and your wallet.
What does the state of each of these places have to do with your health and wellness? More than you think!!
I hear the words of my business coach in my head often and one of the things that she says often is very relevant to this subject matter.
Chaos on the Outside equals Chaos on the Inside
Many of my clients notice, that when they are starting their journey toward better health and wellness, it can feel extremely overwhelming or even ‘out of control’.
For many, managing and overcoming this sensation can be the difference between sticking with it and settling back into old habits.
Let’s go back to our statement: Chaos on the outside equals chaos on the inside.
This basically means that if your environment is disorganized, chaotic and out of control, then your mindset, decision making, goal setting and motivation are likely also disorganized, chaotic and out of control.
So, if you can get your environment under control, you will often notice that you will feel more in control with your mindset as well as it pertains to your health and wellness and other areas of your life.
Here are some areas that you should take a look at in your own life and see if they need some tidying up:
- Your Wallet or your purse
- The inside of your Car
- Your desk or workspace
- Your closets or storage spaces
And very important in terms of your health and wellness plan and your ability to stick with it is the environments associated with preparing and storing food.
- Are the dishes done and put away or are they often left on the counter or around the house?
- Is your refrigerator clean, tidy and organized or do you have rotting vegetables in the back of a crisper and some mystery leftovers from 3 weeks ago?
- What does your pantry or dry food storage space look like?
If sleep is an issue for you, look around your bedroom for some clues. Do you make your bed everyday? Are there clothes on the floor? Is your sleeping space, tidy, neat and organized and free from clutter?
How about all things associated with finances? This is one area that goes with health and wellness. People often have similar habits when it comes to managing their finances as they do with their health and wellness.
Those that are out of control in some way with their health often struggle with managing budgets, bank accounts, cheque books etc.
Does any of this resonate with you at all?
Is it time to do some evaluation and organizing of the environments you find yourself in every day?
If you clean up your chaos on the outside, you will find that the chaos on the inside will also sort itself out!
If you have many areas that need attention, start with a little piece of one. Make a decision to make a change, make a plan and then get started one little piece at a time.
With chaos under control, you will be on your way to your healthiest and happiest!!
Dr. Peggy Malone is a Chiropractor and an Athlete who helps other athletes to overcome injury and get back to their sport. Her weekly Television Series ‘Living Well” inspires people from all walks of life to take control of their health to be as happy and as healthy as they can be.
A former varsity Basketball and Rugby player, she has since entered the world of endurance athletics where she has completed 2 Ironman Triathlons, 3 Marathons, several Half Marathons and many other Triathlons, Road Races and Off-Road Adventure races of varying distances.
Her own athletic endeavors and injuries have given her valuable insight into working with athletes in her practice for both the care of injuries as well as for the improvement of athletic performance.
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Claudia attended Loughborough between 1919 and 1922. She graduated with a degree in Automotive Engineering and was one of just three women on a course of over 300 men.
Following her degree, Claudia became a highly respected member of the Women’s Engineering Society.
Claudia’s passion for engineering and motors never ceased and she became chauffeur companion and the first woman to circumnavigate the globe by car. She was also an author, writing about her experiences in two books.
In recognition of her work in women’s engineering, the University hosts an annual lecture in her name, which aims to raise the profile of women working in science, technology, engineering and mathematics.
Just over 600 new en-suite student bedrooms are currently under construction on the Loughborough site. The rooms are being built due to ongoing demand from new and returning students for accommodation on campus.
Located alongside the University’s new Elite Athlete Centre and Hotel, the new accommodation will be configured in 10 blocks. It will include cycle storage and a common room. In line with other residences on campus, there will also be a full warden team based on site to provide pastoral support to students.
Vice Chancellor, Professor Robert Allison comments: “The name of Claudia Parsons is an important one in Loughborough’s history. She challenged the conventions of her time and there can be no doubt that she blazed a trail for women working in engineering today.
“We are delighted to honour her life and career by naming a new hall of residence after her.”
President of Loughborough Students’ Union, George Etherington said: “It’s fantastic that a new Loughborough hall of residence is being named after such an inspirational woman. Claudia Parsons achieved so much in her lifetime, and we’re delighted to honour her achievements through the new hall.”
On hearing about the new name, Claudia’s cousin Emma Parsons said: “‘Claudia would have been delighted by this, though surprised, for although she was a force, she was also modest and self-deprecating.
“She was an inspiration to me and the other women in our family. As her sister Betty once said, Claudia broke ‘the ice of convention that held women down to certain jobs but denied them others.’ It’s wonderful to know that her name at Loughborough lives on.”
To coincide with the announcement of the new name the University has joined forces with Loughborough Students’ Union to launch a competition for students to create a logo for the new hall. The winning design will be confirmed later in the year.
Halls of residence are an integral part of Loughborough’s award winning student experience. The new Claudia Parson’s Hall will welcome its first full cohort of students in September 2019. It will bring the number of halls on campus to 17.
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The Development of Computer Assisted Instruction Supported Collaborative Learningusing Online Game Technology in Principle of Programming at Vocational CertificateLevel
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In a Texas Hold'em card game, the pot depends within amount income players have contributed into the pot, either through ante or blind betting. Ante means the predetermined amount all players place on the pot as the very first fund. Normally, this is a small quantity, sufficient to get the pot get going. Technically, a player's ante is no actual bet but easliy found . token start off with prior to the cards are put up.
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Open Journal Systems
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Organic food is extremely popular and everyone wants to know about their benefits. The sweeping public opinion that organic food is healthier than conventional food is quite strong, and is the main reason for increase in its demand in its demand over the past 5-6 years. Organic Facts is a strong proponent of organic food; however, this website also believes in putting across the most accurate facts to its visitors.
This article will explain what organic food is, how it is beneficial and what are the standards for the same. This is to substantiate the public opinion that we have on organic food being good for the health.
First of all, there is a small amount of scientific evidence to show that organic food is better in quality than conventional food. Scientific research conducted thus far on various organic food items has not been able to give strong evidence about the superiority of organic food over non-organic food. This is more so because bulk of the scientific research is based on funding provided by the governments and industry.
As a result, even the FDA and the USDA clearly mention that non-organic food is as healthy as organic food. However, there are some scientific studies that have proved organic milk and organic tomatoes to be better than the non-organic varieties. Studies are also ongoing about a variety of other types of organic food that may have additional health benefits compared to the non-organic varieties.
Recent research conducted on organic milk has shown that it has more antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, CLA, and vitamins than non-organic milk. According to the researchers at the Danish Institute of Agricultural Research at the University of Aberdeen and the Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, organic milk is healthier than non-organic milk, since organic cows are pasture grazed which results in the better quality of milk.
According to a 10-year study conducted by the University of California, Davis, organic tomatoes are produced in an environment that has a lower nutrient supply since nitrogen-rich chemical fertilizers are not added. This leads to an excessive formation of antioxidants, such as quercetin (79% higher) and kaempferol (97% higher) in organic tomatoes. As we all know, antioxidants are good for health and help in reducing heart disease and the chances of developing cancer.
These studies have increased the hopes of numerous people who strongly believe that mankind should stop using chemical fertilizers and pesticides and shift to more sustainable organic farming practices. There are many studies that prove that there is some pesticide and fertilizer contamination in non-organic food, and there are others which claim that organic food is not healthy because they contain harmful bacteria and viruses because of not using strong chemicals to protect against these toxic substances. However, none of these studies that show chemical contamination or the presence of bacteria/viruses show any direct impact on the overall health of individuals.
Health Benefits Of Organic Food
In general, organic food consumers, manufacturers, and farmers strongly believe that organic food has the following benefits compared to conventional food.
A number of studies have been completed regarding the effects of antioxidants derived from organic foods on your overall health, and the predominant results have shown that antioxidants tend to have more of an impact when they come from organic foods. This may be due to the fact that foreign chemicals are not negatively interacting with the different vitamins, minerals, and organic compounds that are so essential for the positive impact of fruits and vegetables in the prevention of things like cancer, heart disease, premature aging, vision problems, and cognitive malfunction. Recent research suggests that choosing organic food can lead to increased intake of nutritionally desirable antioxidants and reduced exposure to toxic heavy metals.
One of the major complaints that organic food consumers cite when choosing organic over non-organic is the presence of pesticides. In order to keep crops from being attacked by the natural world, including bugs, pesticides are required. Although they do a good job keeping certain pests away from the crops, they also are composed of powerful chemicals like organophosphorus. This is an unnatural mineral compound that is not required by humans, but more than 80% of this material in our bodies comes from eating pesticide-coated foods. Organophosphorus has been connected to a number of developmental problems, including autism and ADHD, so those organic food lovers do have a pretty strong argument in this case. To be fair, many people do choose to go organic to make sure that their children grow up healthy and unaffected by the toxins of the world during their developmental years.
Increased amount of time grazing on grass also increases the amounts of CLA (conjugated linoleic acid) that can be found in the animal products. CLA is a heart-healthy fatty acid that can boost cardiovascular protection, and it is found in higher quantities in breast milk and in meat for animals that have been raised free range or cage-free.
In recent decades, one of the biggest projects for farmers and food growers has been genetic modification. Making tomatoes six times larger might sound like a possible option for solving some world hunger issues, but there is another side to it. Genetic modification is still in its early stages, so the long-term effects of it on human health aren’t understood as well as we would like. In animal testing genetically modified food showed a major reduction in immune system strength, an increase in birth mortality, as well as in certain sexual dysfunctions, cancers, and sensitivity to allergens. Although there are some good things about genetically modified food, organic food advocates point to the lack of concrete details about the long-term effects.
People are very sensitive to issues of their health, and they often take precautions to make sure they remain healthy, like getting various vaccines and taking antibiotics as soon as a new strain of bacteria makes them ill. However, non-organic food sources, particularly livestock and feed houses, also use antibiotics to feed their animals. This extra dose of antibiotics may actually be weakening our immune system by basically overdosing on antibiotics, thereby reshaping our immune system so many times that it will eventually be unable to defend itself. Organic food growers and dairy farmers do not use antibiotics in their processes.
Since organic food is not prepared using chemical fertilizers, it does not contain any traces of these strong chemicals and might not affect the human body in negative ways. Natural fertilizers, like manure, work perfectly fine, and organic farmers are happy to use this smellier, yet safer, form of fertilizer.
Some people strongly believe that organic food tastes better than conventional food. The prominent reason for this belief is that it is produced using organic means of production. Furthermore, organic food is often sold locally, resulting in availability of fresh produce in the market, which usually does taste better than produce that has been frozen, shipped, and transported across long distances.
As harmful chemicals are not used in organic farming, there is minimal soil, air and water pollution; thus ensuring a safer and healthier world for future generations to live in.
Animal welfare is an important aspect of producing organic milk, organic meat, organic poultry, and organic fish. People feel happy that the animals are not confined to a miserable caged life when they eat organic animal products.
The below FAQs will help you understand organic food and its benefits in a better way
What is Organic Food?
Organic food refers to food items that are prepared according to the norms set by an organic certifying body. On an overall basis, organic food is food prepared and processed without using any chemicals. That is, organic food production does not involve the use of chemical fertilizers, chemical pesticides, or chemical preservatives.
The USDA categories food products into the following sections:
100% organic: Must contain 100% organically produced ingredients.
Organic: Must contain at least 95% organic ingredients.
Made of organic ingredients: Must contain at least 70% organic ingredients.
Have some organic ingredients: May contain less than 70% organic ingredients.
Is It Good for Health?
Normally people believe that organic food is better for your health than conventional food. However, the USDA and the FDA clearly state that conventional food is as healthy as organic food. Scientific research has also not been able to conclusively prove that organic food is healthier than conventional food because there has been counter research too to prove conventional food is better than organic one. The exceptions are organic milk and organic tomatoes. Recent studies on organic milk and organic tomatoes have shown that these food products are healthier than non-organic milk and non-organic tomatoes, respectively.
Where Can I Buy Organic Food?
Some of the best avenues for buying it are given below:
Directly from an organic farm
Local organic food markets
Health food stores
Retail chains such as Walmart or Whole Foods (US and Canada)
Conventional stores that also stock organic food
How Do I Know Something is Organic?
Organic food can be identified with the help of an organic logo on the packet. Companies, farmers, manufacturers, and suppliers, which follow all the norms set by a certifying body of their region, can put a logo of that certifying body on their food items.
Are Standards the Same for All Organic Food Products?
No, since the mode of production and processing is different for different food items, the standards are also different. For example, the standards for organic honey production are different from the standards for organic milk production or organic coconut oil production. Note that the standards vary from region to region. Some countries may follow a uniform set of codes. For example, about 18 countries follow the rules set by the International Olive Oil Council for organic olive oil production. However, there are some countries such as the US, which have their own standards for organic olive oil production.
Should I look for the word organic on the food item?
Yes, you should look for the word “Organic”. However, you should also check the logo of the certifying body.
It is illegal to sell non-organic food with an organic label. However, there have been cases of fraud before, which when brought to the attention of the authorities, have been dealt with strongly. Therefore, you should always check the logo of the certifying body properly and you should buy organic food items that have an authentic label on them.
Does organic food cost more than conventional food?
Yes, organic food normally costs 20% to 100% more than conventional food. Organic food production is generally labour-intensive and involves the use of organic fertilizers and organic pesticides, which are more expensive than chemical fertilizers and pesticides. That is why it costs more.
Can I produce it in my garden or farm
You can also produce organic food in your garden, organic gardening is a very common hobby for many people. you do not need any permission to produce it. However, if you intend to sell organic food, you need to follow the guidelines set by a certifying agency and get approval from them for using their logo.
Is organic food the same as natural food?
No, organic food refers to food items prepared without using chemicals. Natural food refers to food items that are only minimally processed.
Is it safe for children?
Many parents believe that organic food is safer for their children, since it does not contain any chemical pesticides and fertilizers. However, there is no scientific research to prove this.
Does it contain more nutrients?
So far, scientific research has proven this only for organic milk and organic tomatoes. Organic milk has more omega-3, CLA, vitamins, and antioxidants than non-organic milk. Similarly, organic tomatoes have more antioxidants than non-organic tomatoes. Recent research suggests that choosing organic food can lead to increased intake of nutritionally desirable antioxidants and reduced exposure to toxic heavy metals.
- Culled from www.organicfacts.net
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Bogotá River Environmental Restoration Project: Upgrade/Expansion of Salitre WWTP
As part of an international consortium, Hazen and Sawyer provided preliminary design, specifications, and construction bid documents for the upgrade and expansion of the Salitre Wastewater Treatment Plant in Bogotá, Colombia. Plant improvements have reduced wastewater pollution and improved water quality in the middle basin of the Bogotá River.
The Salitre Wastewater Treatment Plant, located in the north of
Bogotá, had an average design flow of 4 m3/s and provides
chemically-assisted primary treatment. The Bogotá Wastewater Master Plan
called for the upgrading and expansion of the Salitre Plant to a 7 m3/s
Commissioned in 2000, the Salitre plant is operated by the Empresa de Aqueducto y Alcantarillado de Bogotá (EAAB), which is wholly owned by the Bogotá District Government. In 2010, the World Bank and the Colombian government approved a loan to the Corporación Autónoma Regional de Cundinamarca (CAR) - the regional environmental authority - to help finance the Salitre project.
Hazen helped design (approximately 30% of overall design effort) the basic treatment process, specifying the design criteria and key equipment, and providing a general plant layout. The preliminary design serves as the technical basis for the contract bidding documents.
The average design flow is 7 m3/s with peak dry hourly flow of 14 m3/s, and a wet weather maximum flow of 26 m3/s. A key design consideration was how to incorporate the existing 4 m3/s primary plant into a much larger 7 m3/s secondary treatment plant, particularly taking into account hydraulic profile constraints. A unique design feature of the plant is the use of two head-works; the new head works will accommodate dry weather flows, while the existing head works will employed during wet weather conditions. All other aspects of the preliminary design utilize standard technologies and engineering approaches.
The activated sludge process will be utilized for biological treatment. The aeration basins will have an anoxic selector zone and aerobic zones with a total detention time of about 5 hours. A fine bubble diffuser system will provide high-efficiency oxygen transfer in the aerobic zones. Dissolved oxygen levels will be monitored in the aerobic zones to optimize performance and minimize electrical power consumption of the aeration blower system.
Thickened primary sludge and waste activated solids will be stabilized in mesophilic anaerobic digesters. The dewatered solids will be discharged into trucks and hauled by the Owner to disposal sites in accordance with approved environmental practices.
Methane gas produced in the digesters will be used as fuel to generate in-plant electricity in the new cogeneration works. New on-site gas storage spheres will be sized for 3 days operation in the event of an extended electrical power outage. Electrical generation capacity with high efficiency generators is 6,000 KW plus a standby unit.
Liquid hypochlorite receiving, dilution, storage and pumping works will be provided to feed chlorine solution to the new disinfection contact tanks. An effluent pump station will be installed at the discharge structure to lift final effluent when the Rio Bogota water levels are high.
Additional buildings will be provided to house the new control center, administrative, operational and maintenance functions and personnel facilities. The process control and information management system will be upgraded to include existing and new facilities.
Project Outcomes and Benefits
- Part of the Bogotá River Environmental Restoration Project, this work will reduce wastewater pollution and improve water quality in the middle basin of the Bogotá River.
- Project will transform existing 4 m3/s primary plant into a much larger 7 m3/s secondary treatment plant, overcoming hydraulic profile constraints with innovative use of second headworks.
- Methane gas produced in the digesters will be used as fuel to generate in-plant electricity in the new cogeneration works.
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The practice of swaddling or wrapping babies has been known for centuries over most of Europe, Asia and the Americas. Archaeologists have found sacred statuettes of babies in swaddling clothes in ancient Greek and Roman tombs. One of the most famous records of swaddling can be found in the New Testament concerning the birth of Jesus where it is said Mary ‘wrapped him in swaddling clothes, and laid him in a manger’.
There are many benefits to swaddling during the first months of life; it provides security and comfort, aids in settling and helps to keep babies on their back, which has been shown to reduce the risk of SIDS. It prevents babies moving into a dangerous position where their heads are covered by bedding which can cause overheating or asphyxia. When babies sleep better on their backs parents and other carers are also less likely to position them on their tummies for sleep.
While the benefits of swaddling are widely accepted, if it is done incorrectly it can cause harm. Some studies have linked tight chest wrapping with an increased risk for pneumonia and other studies have indicated that babies may overheat if heavy blankets are used or the head is covered.
In Australia recently there has been a disturbing increase in the incidence of late diagnosed developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). DDH is a common childhood condition where the hip joint does not fit in the ‘normal’ position due to abnormal development of the joint’s ball and socket. Early detection and treatment in babies is important because late diagnosis, after 3 months of age, is associated with poorer outcomes including an increased likelihood of surgery and early osteoarthritis of the hip. Approximately 20% of babies are born with some degree of hip dysplasia. In most cases this resolves without the need for any intervention however, these babies may be at risk of continuing DDH if they are being tightly wrapped with their legs straight.
To wrap a baby safely and to help natural hip development during swaddling, it is recommended that:
- The baby is positioned on their back with their feet at the bottom of the cot.
- The baby is not over dressed under the wrap and the head is uncovered.
- A lightweight wrap such as muslin or cotton is used to prevent overheating.
- The wrap is loose enough to allow for chest expansion so the baby can breathe easily.
- There is enough room in the wrap for the legs to move freely. The legs should be able to bend at the hips with the knees apart to help the hips develop normally. Some commercially available cocoons or swaddle wraps are too tight around the thighs.
- Swaddling is stopped once the baby is showing signs of rolling from their tummy to their back (usually between 4 to 6 months).
- A safe sleeping environment is provided with a safe cot, safe mattress and safe bedding.
- Babies must not be wrapped if co-sleeping.
When these recommendations are followed both babies and their parents (or other care providers) can enjoy the benefits that wrapping can bring safe in the knowledge that no harm will be done. For more information on this topic go to https://rednose.com.au/
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https://www.cmsinc.org.au/news-events/unwrapping-swaddling/
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ZEVENET helps governments and public-sector organizations around the world to step forward on the digital transformation and e-government movement through applications continuity and the required security for sensible data with cost-effective solutions.
Public services works with critical services like medical treatments or surgeries. All citizen services depend on government’s databases which high availability should be guaranteed as part of the public services and security.
Government public services deal with critical sensitive data gathered in digital government databases. Securing e-government infrastructures is crucial for preventing and detecting intrusion threats. Zevenet has developed a IPDS module for protecting your servers against DoS attacks.
Digital services collapse due to high loads of requests and concurrent connections. Critical services demands agile solutions for ensuring it’s right performance, scalability guarantees high availability over any load given.
“Hospitals, major companies and government offices have been hit by a massive wave of cyberattacks across the globe …”
source: CNN tech
Organisations such as the European Commission, boost digital transformation programs and monitor each government yearly technical evolution, rewarding those countries which digital progress scores higher.
Why does the European Commission supports e-government?
e-governments implies public services optimisation and globalisation, for an improved and agile governance. Connectivity and technology is present in businesses and citizens daily life, therefore a fluid online connection with your government and public services it is becoming far more requested.
Delivering online services to business and citizens is a must
Using the potential of digital data boost economic growth. innovation, job creation as well as empower a general social progress. Organisms like the European Commission coordinate their support in order to abolish economics borders, digital data is essential for market growth and financial development.
Free flow data is on demand by different organisations
All data online, agile and accessible is a dream not far from today, but imagine how critical is digital security for protecting such amount of sensitive data.
Data centers, servers and infrastructures are the first steps of the digitalisation leader. Counting on the most secure, stable and scalable solution is vital. Acknowledging the total control of a solution allows the technical background of a digital government to manage each single node of data, links and network communication. Open Source software are highly advisable for this concern.
Along with a digitalisation of the governance, smart city evolves citizens’ environment using information and communication (ICT) technology and Internet of things (IoT) to manage public city’s assets and enhance services efficiency. Smartcities uses informatics and technology for monitoring urban services from where digital data is gathered. Servers are used to collect all this data and allow communication between devices and IT infrastructures. This data are running from d, allowing the interactions between official entities and citizens . As well as e-government is moving towards digitalisation, also cit It is important to include smartcities use to
Digitalisation is evolving towards optimisation and efficiency, cost effectiveness and fluent global connection.
The higher hyperconnection we develop, the bigger infrastructure we will required. That said, securing, scaling and providing the best performance of the system relays on several nodes of the technical infrastructure. We are specialised in delivering high availability, security and massive data scalability of data, domain and network.
What does it means?
When thousands of devices (nodes) are connected with online services a net of connections is built between the data collected from urban services, data centers and server and finally to the application which provide the information to the final user. All this chain of connections pictured at the image, illustrates that a single point of failure will stop millions of processes implying network failure > data loss > services paralyzation > users/ citizens complains > money costs.
We have been running The ZVA64 Enterprise Edition 4000 Layer-7 Load Balancer for almost 7 months. The product has continued to pay for itself throughout its life cycle. We’re constantly amazed by the power, simplicity and efficiency of this product. We use ZEVENET to Load Balance our two main applications (WebAdvisor & Blackboard) in the College with more than 5000 users.
I wanted to mention that these days, when the opposite of good customer and tech support tends to be the norm, it’s always great having a Team like ZEVENET!
I’d highly recommend The ZVA64 Enterprise Edition 4000 to others.
In the Digital Era and moving to a hyper-connected world the data availability must be ensured and secured. The failure or unavailability of any system have a high cost and mean a high risk for the whole system, with additionally the frustration and confidence lost from the users.
A strategy application for a Public Administration like the Census 2016 built for the Australian Bureau of Statistics is an example of the criticality of a Governmental Institution going to Digital.
[…] keep reading
Due the Digital Era we live in, it is rare finding a company which dispense with computer technology. Nowadays, IT technologies are a must for delivering a business services, reason why it becomes unavoidable facing the challenge of creating an stable and reliable IT infrastructure that supports that business activity.
The investment in technology should be tied to an added value proposition, in this regard, an open delivery model facilitates the growth of the business avoiding the limitations tighten to privatives software vendors.
[…] keep reading
Pick your Hardware appliance depending on the load you are balancing
Cost-effective configuration compound of a Virtual Appliance with an Intermediate Professional Support Service
We have special discount for non-profit organisations in order to facilitate their development.
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https://www.zevenet.com/solutions/by-industry/digital-government/
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Disclaimer / Privacy
We are hiring!
Difference Between | Descriptive Analysis and Comparisons
Perception vs Conception
Difference Between Perception and Conception
Both the words Perception and Conception are nouns derived from two different verbs Perceive and Conceive. The main difference between the two words is that Perception is trying to understand or becoming aware...
Copyright © 2022, Difference Between | Descriptive Analysis and Comparisons
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|
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NxtGEN is an innovative teacher preparation pathway with a strong focus on diversifying the teacher workforce. It develops undergraduates into highly competent teachers who possess the knowledge and skills needed to serve students of diverse languages, cultures and abilities in urban and rural classrooms. The program hits a sweet spot, often attracting individuals who are interested in returning to their home communities to teach. Graduates earn a BA, a Colorado teacher’s license and elementary teacher candidates also earn a Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Education endorsement. To date, the program has prepared 124 teachers for high-needs Colorado schools. The pathway is designed in close partnerships with Aurora Public Schools, Denver Public Schools, Jefferson County School District, and St. Vrain School District.
To make the most of your academic experience, you’ll want to take advantage of the many individualized, wraparound supports that NxtGEN offers through the SEHD Success Center. They are designed to develop deep relationships within the NxtGEN student body and to enhance your approach to navigating a successful university journey. Students know they can come to the Success Center and talk to Dr. Hogan and the Center’s Success Coaches about anything and be supported in a variety of ways.
Our friends at TEACH Colorado have free tools and resources to make applying to our program—and becoming a classroom teacher—easier! Create an account today and immediately access:
|
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|
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|
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|
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Sometimes it takes a tragedy to get things done. Last Friday afternoon, 142 babies, toddlers, and children were watched by six employees of a government-run daycare center, located in a working class neighborhood in Sonora. Investigations will determine how the fire started and why it spread so quickly – but 38 children died from smoke inhalation and asphyxiation that afternoon.
The scene, as described by the New York Times, was “…chilling, with charred baby clothes, blackened bassinets and toys littering the sidewalk. Holes had been punched through the wall of the center to evacuate the children, and a frantic caravan of ambulances and cars had shuttled the children, who ranged in age from 6 months to 5 years, to the hospital.” Talks of improved safety standards, such as ensuring walkways and entrances aren’t blocked and can be accessed during an emergency, higher staff ratios, and greater governmental oversight, are already taking shape in Mexico, tearful over these preventable deaths. And as for United States, witness to this tragedy, government entities – local, state and federal – should take a closer look at better protecting children in all daycare centers if only to avoid this tragedy in the future.
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|
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|
https://daycareabuse.com/lessons-from-the-mexican-daycare-fire/
|
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|
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| 0.971123
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|
The House That Sonabai Built
Author: Vishakha Chanchani
Photographs by Stephen Huyler
9789350466278 | PB | pp. 32 | 2014 | Tulika Publishers
This tells the story of Sonabai from rural Madhya Pradesh who made wonderful art with vibrant colour from clay.
Ships in 2-4 days
Only 1 left in stock
This sensitive telling of Sonabai’s story follows her transformative artistic journey from the tactile experience of her first creations in clay, innovative experiments with colours and light, and unfettered play with pattern and design to being embraced by the art world. Rich photographs augment the telling, for a fascinating introduction to the life, work and milieu of this quitely strong, self-taught artist. Together, they offer a detailed look at art and the organic growth of her distinctive creative vision. In the process, they also evoke a compelling profile in courage, and the larger story of how Sonabai’s art, like all great art, transcends from the personal to the universal.
This book won the Outstanding International Book 2016 from the United States Board on Books for Young People.
|Year of Publication:||
|Country of Origin:||
This book will be shipped in 2-4 days’ time. The time taken for you to receive the book after it is shipped will depend upon the mode you choose, while completing your purchase. The rates applicable for each mode are different.
You will be informed after the order is shipped.
Shipping costs depend on the mode chosen, the weight of the item, and the distance it will travel to reach its destination. Shipping costs will be charged depending on the weight of the entire purchase (if more than one item is purchased). The same shipping mode will apply to all products in such a case.
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|
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|
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|
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|
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Elasticsearch database connection is wrong, PII data for 30,000 students
The misconfigured Elasticsearch database apparently belonged to US software solutions provider Transact Campus.
The SafetyDetectives cybersecurity research team led by Anurag Sen identified a misconfigured Elasticsearch server that exposed data from the Transact Campus application. According to their analysis, the server was connected to the Internet and did not need a password to allow access to the data.
As a result, approximately 1 million records were leaked, revealing personally identifiable information on over 30,000 to 40,000 students.
About Transact Campus
Transact Campus is an American payment software provider headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona. The company offers technology solutions to integrate versatile payment functions into a single mobile platform.
Its software solutions are primarily used to facilitate student purchases at higher education institutions and streamline payment processes for institutions and students.
What was exposed?
SafetyDetectives wrote in the report that the 5GB of database leaked by the server contained details of students with accounts at Transact Campus. Most of those affected are US nationals.
The exposed data included students
- Full names
- Phone numbers
- Email addresses
- Credit card details
- Transaction details
- Login information (username and passwords), etc.
It should be noted that login data, including username and password, was stored in plain text format. On the other hand, the credit card details included the bank identification number, which consists of the first six and the last four digits of the credit card number, banking information and the expiration date of the card. Additionally, meal plans purchased by students and meal plan balance were also part of the leaked data.
Transact Campus Response
SafetyDetectives notified Transact Campus of the exposed database in December 2021, and the company responded after more than a month in January 2022. However, details of the incident were only released last week.
During this time, the researchers made several attempts to contact them and also contacted US-CERT, after which it was secured. Transact Campus claimed the leaked server was not under their control and the data was fake.
“Apparently this was set up by a third party for a demo and was never removed. We have confirmed that the dataset was populated with a fake dataset and did not use any production data.
However, SafetyDetectives claims that the server in question was continuously updated even when it was discovered. They checked the data using publicly available tools and found that it belonged to real people.
Nonetheless, SafetyDetectives and Anurag Sen have a proven track record in identifying and reporting exposed databases and servers to affected parties. Some of their previous reports include the following:
- Natura Giant Cosmetics
- Calgary Parking Authority
- Uganda Security Exchange
- German trading giant Windeln
- Australian trading giant ACY Securities
- Hariexpress Brazilian market integrator
The list continues…
Researchers could not determine whether unauthorized third parties and malicious actors accessed the database before it was secured. If accessed, cybercriminals can target students in various attacks, ranging from scams to phishing and spam marketing, or even perform an account takeover since login credentials have been stored in unencrypted form on the server. .
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<urn:uuid:e2bb4d91-25b8-43ae-91d6-c9ae16fd7ec5>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://hoganoutletols.com/elasticsearch-database-connection-is-wrong-pii-data-for-30000-students/
|
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|
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Whether it’s cooking them a meal, running their errands, or cleaning up around their house, providing home care for your loved ones can quickly turn into a 24/7 job before you know it. As your loved ones get older, they likely won’t be able to do the things they used to, so they’ll lean on you for support and caregiving.
While it’s important to show the people you love that you want to help them, caregiving is usually a full-time position that requires plenty of time, attention, and effort. Unintentionally assuming a caregiver’s role can strain your physical and mental health, especially if you have other work duties and familial responsibilities to attend to.
Hiring a professional caregiver can lift this stress off of your shoulders while ensuring that your loved ones get the care and attention they need.
Caregivers have a wide variety of responsibilities, but they can mold their everyday tasks to fit your loved one’s needs. One of the most common responsibilities caregivers have in Miami is assisting with personal care, including bathing, grooming, dressing, toileting, and exercise.
Your caregiver can also take care of basic food preparation and cleaning, whether it’s preparing meals, grocery shopping, housekeeping, laundry, and other errands. Home organization is another task caregivers can help with, including organizing items, packing or cleaning for a trip, or general house care and cleaning.
If you have any general health care needs, your caregiver will oversee your medication and prescription usage, remind you of appointments, and administer medications. Speaking of appointments, caregivers can help with that too. Caregivers can take care of your transportation needs by driving your loved ones to and from activities, running errands, and help them get in and out of wheelchair-accessible vehicles. They can also help your loved one at home with getting in and out of their wheelchair, car, or shower.
Many caregivers also perform the responsibilities of professional nurses, such as orienting or grounding someone with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia, relaying information from a doctor to family members, following a care plan, and noticing any changes in the individual’s health, as well as recording and reporting any differences.
On a more personal level, caregivers provide constant companionship, general supervision, and support in personal, health-related, and emotional matters. Therefore, caregiving is often a taxing and strenuous job, something that should be left up to the professionals. Taking on all of the caregiver’s responsibilities while still working at another job may not be healthy for you in the long run.
In the event of a major health crisis, such as a car accident, a stroke, or a heart attack, caregivers can provide that 24/7 support that your loved ones may need and take on various duties. This eliminates challenging and frustrating situations for your loved ones while simultaneously taking the stress off of your shoulders.
Providing your loved ones with constant care requires a level of skill and experience that often only professional caregivers can provide. Performing these tasks for your loved ones can be integral to their health and recovery, so giving them the best care from the most experienced professionals is crucial.
The Amerihealth Home Care Agency is dedicated to providing comprehensive quality patient and family-centered care right in the patient’s place of residence.
Amerihealth strives to provide services in a manner that personifies the highest level of honesty, professionalism, and integrity. Amerihealth’s products and services are sensitive to our clients’ physical, emotional, and spiritual needs, their caregivers, and family members.
Our trusted medical professionals are committed to conducting business in compliance with the letter and spirit of all applicable Federal, State, and local laws, regulations, standards, and guidelines. Our personal touch is what sets us apart.
In addition to carefully conducting background screenings, each of our home care professionals is handpicked because of their expertise and experience in their respective fields. Amerihealth prides itself on the art of matching compassionate caregivers with clients to provide personalized care based on the unique physical and emotional needs of each person.
Whether your needs are temporary or long-term, our professional care services are offered in your home, hospital, living facilities, or recovery place of choice 24 hours daily. Amerihealth is dedicated to serving Miami’s community, and we’re here to give you the most affordable yet high-quality care. Contact us today for more information on our caregiving services in Miami.
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|
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