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Small and chunky, the Pied-billed Grebe always looks like a baby-faced juvenile to me.
Last week several of them were swimming in the rice field canal. Saltbrush seeds from shrubs that lined the bank were drifting over the water.
The lowering late afternoon light and growth on the opposite bank changed the look of the water as I proceeded down the canal.
Further along the Saltbrush seeds looked like sparkly feathers floating on the water. Saltbrush, Baccharis halimifolia, is a woody shrub or small tree in the Asteraceae family, and is also known as Groundsel. | <urn:uuid:9a45312c-e8c0-43f6-82c5-bf1ec40d8bff> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://passingbyphoto.com/2018/12/27/pied-billed-grebe-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.981868 | 130 | 2.171875 | 2 |
The refrigerator is one of those household items that we all take for granted. It just stands there rather quietly, doing its thing day in and day out. But when it breaks down, it’s a huge problem. So take a little time once or twice a year to show it a little love. Speed Cleaning previously shared tips on cleaning out the inside of your fridge, so here are tips on maintenance that you can do yourself to help keep it running smoothly.
- Dirty condenser coils make your refrigerator work harder to stay cool, so they should be cleaned about twice a year, especially if you have a furry pet. Remove the grille along the bottom front of your fridge and vacuum it with a brush attachment or wash it and set aside. Then using a coil cleaning brush, gently clean the condenser coils if they’re located behind the grille on your model. Vacuum up the debris as you brush. If the coils are on the back of your refrigerator, roll it out to get to the coils. In fact, roll the fridge out regardless to clean the floor underneath. It’s amazing what accumulates there! Note: You should always unplug an appliance before working on it.
- Wipe down the door seals (gaskets) with a mild cleaner or dish soap, being sure to clean the pliable sides of the gasket as well. Then apply a super-thin film of petroleum jelly to keep the gaskets from drying out and becoming less effective.
Tip: To test if your refrigerator/freezer door gaskets are creating a nice tight seal, close the door
on a piece of paper. If you can easily pull the paper out, it might be time to replace the gasket.
- For in-door ice and water dispensers, take the drip tray out, set it in a sink, and pour vinegar in it to dissolve calcium deposits. Let it soak for several minutes before rinsing and drying. A green cleaner that packs more of a punch than vinegar but is also safe to use around the kitchen is Speed Cleaning’s Scum Bum. You can clean your coffee pot with Scum Bum too. It works great for removing calcium and hard water deposits all around the house, inside and out! Clean the rest of the ice/water assembly with a cleaner of your choice and replace the drip tray.
- Replace the water filter if your refrigerator has one. Not only does drinking water taste bad when the filter is spent, less water is delivered to the ice maker when the filter is clogged with particles. This results in more chips and hollow cubes that may not freeze all the way through.
- Getting rid of ice chips and blocks of ice will help the dispensing motor run better. And ice cubes tend to develop a bad taste after a while so it’s a good idea to occasionally start with fresh ice cubes. Temporarily turn the ice maker off (if you haven’t unplugged the fridge) so you can remove the ice bin to empty it and give it a good wash. Dry the bin thoroughly before replacing it and turn the ice maker back on.
Did you know that a well-stocked freezer maintains a steady temperature more efficiently than an empty one?
Lastly, give the entire refrigerator a wipe-down with a soft cloth and cleaner of your choice. Speed Cleaning recommends Red Juice, another green cleaner that’s safe to use around food. And there you have it – you’re good to go for at least another six months! | <urn:uuid:022122e3-8533-419a-92ea-be8f9e7ba357> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://speedcleaning.com/2016/how-to/5-easy-diy-maintenance-tips-refrigerator/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.925303 | 733 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Last Updated on March 8, 2022
What do the stars mean to you? Why do humans always find themselves looking up at the vastness of the sky, searching for the tiny twinkling lights, even in the midst of complete darkness? What is it about these balls of gas that captivate us, that inspire us, and move us?
Where Stars Come From
Stars are born inside a nebula, a massive cloud made up of dust and gas, mostly hydrogen and helium. Nebulae are not just where stars are born, they could also be remnants of dead stars.
Inside, the dust and gas can eventually clump together with the help of gravity. As they get bigger and the gravity gets stronger, they begin to collapse from all that pressure that the center begins to form a white-hot core. Scientists call this phase a protostar.
Millions of years later, the protostar will enter a brief T Tauri phase. This happens when the protostar gets smaller but increases its temperature. What comes next is the star’s longest phase, called the main sequence. The sun in our solar system is at this phase: a stable state of nuclear fusion that converts hydrogen to helium.
One of the fun activities to do when the stars are out is to go stargazing. This practice originated thousands of years ago, but not necessarily as a hobby for young astronomers. Rather, many people back then, particularly farmers and sailors, used imaginary patterns created by the stars to guide them during their activities. Farmers for instance, used constellations to help them determine planting seasons.
If you’re learning to stargaze for the first time, one of the first patterns you’ll identify is the Big Dipper. Note that this is NOT a constellation! But it will serve as a starting point to help you recognize actual constellations. For example: if you trace a line from the bowl of the Big Dipper past the North Star and see a cluster of stars that form a letter W or M, then you may have just stumbled upon Cassiopeia.
During winter, don’t forget to look for one of the most prominent constellations: Orion the Hunter. Known for his belt made up of three bright stars, the twinkling dot beneath it is in fact, not a star at all – but Orion’s nebula. You’ll soon become familiar with this figure thanks to the red Betelgeuse and the brilliant Rigel stars at opposite corners.
Why We Look Up at the Stars
The universe is an awfully big place. Perhaps it’s that curiosity that makes us turn our eyes skyward towards the stars every night. Maybe we’re wondering if we’re alone. Maybe we’re thinking if maybe we’re the only one.
There’s just something about all that space: that vast dark sky that stretches out into a horizon you can only imagine, that gives us a sense of smallness. In cities, where most of us live, roads and buildings can feel suffocating at times. But in wide, open fields where only the twinkling of the stars is our guide, suddenly, all our senses spring to life. You can almost feel your pupils dilating to take in all that light.
Maybe there’s a bigger connection out there that we can’t see. But for now, make these quotes about stars and stardust your source of inspiration.
Shining Star Quotes
- “It is not in the stars to hold our destiny but in ourselves.” – William Shakespeare
- “Remember to look up at the stars and now down at your feet. Try to make sense of what you see and wonder about what makes the universe exist. Be curious. And however difficult life may seem, there is always something you can do and succeed at. It matters that you don’t just give up.” – Professor Stephen Hawking
- “Keep your eyes on the stars, and your feet on the ground.” – Theodore Roosevelt
- “A sky as pure as water bathed the stars and brought them out.” – Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
- “For my part I know nothing with any certainty, but the sight of the stars makes me dream.” – Vincent Van Gogh
- “Not just beautiful, though – the stars are like the trees in the forest, alive and breathing. And they’re watching me.” – Haruki Murakami
- “The stars are the land-marks of the universe.” – Sir John Frederick William Herschel
- “New stars offer to the mind a phenomenon more surprising, and less explicable, than almost any other in the science of astronomy.” – George Adams
- “I will love the light for it shows me the way; yet I will love the darkness for it shows me the stars.” –Augustine ‘Og’ Mandino
- “Each star is a mirror reflecting the truth inside you.” – Aberjhani
- “Moonlight drowns out all but the brightest stars.” – R.R. Tolkien
- “I have loved the stars too fondly to be fearful of the night.” – Sarah William
- “There wouldn’t be a sky full of stars if we were all meant to wish on the same one.” – Frances Clark
- “Only in the darkness can you see the stars.” – Martin Luther King Jr.
- “May all the stars hang bright above her dwelling, Silent as though they watched the sleeping earth!” – Samuel Taylor Coleridge
- “It is reasonable to hope that in the not too distant future we shall be competent to understand so simple a thing as a star.” – Arthur Eddington
- “It shows you exactly how a star is formed; nothing else can be so pretty! A cluster of vapor, the cream of the milky way, a sort of celestial cheese, churned into light.” – Benjamin Disraeli
- “It’s the kind of kiss that inspires stars to climb into the sky and light up the world.” – Tahereh Mafi
- “We had the sky, up there, all speckled with stars, and we used to lay on our backs and look up at them, and discuss about whether they was made, or only just happened-Jim he allowed they was made, but I allowed they happened; I judged it would have took too long to make so many.” – Mark Twain
- “If the earth were flat from east to west, the stars would rise as soon for westerners as for orientals, which is false. Also, if the earth were flat from north to south and vice versa, the stars which were always visible to anyone would continue to be so wherever he went, which is false. But it seems flat to human sight because it is so extensive.” – Ptolemy
- “We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars.” – Oscar Wilde
- “The number of fixed stars which observers have been able to see without artificial powers of sight up to this day can be counted. It is therefore decidedly a great feat to add to their number, and to set distinctly before the eyes other stars in myriads, which have never been seen before, and which surpass the old, previously known stars in number more than ten times.” – Galileo Galilei
- “But in a solitary life, there are rare moments when another soul dips near yours, as stars once a year brush the earth. Such a constellation was he to me.” – Madeline Miller
- “Look up at the stars and not down at your feet. Try to make sense of what you see, and wonder about what makes the universe exist. Be curious.” – Stephen Hawking
- “The stars are the apexes of what wonderful triangles! What distant and different beings in the various mansions of the universe are contemplating the same one at the same moment!” – Henry David Thoreau
- “We are bits of stellar matter that got cold by accident, bits of a star gone wrong.” – Arthur Eddington
- “Second star to the right, and straight on till morning.” – Peter Pan
- “The glitter in the sky looks as if I could scoop it all up in my hands and let the stars swirl and touch one another but they are so distant so very far apart that they cannot feel the warmth of each other even though they are made of burning.” – Beth Revis
- “When you reach for the stars, you are reaching for the farthest thing out there. When you reach deep into yourself, it is the same thing, but in the opposite direction. If you reach in both directions, you will have spanned the universe.” – Vera Nazarian
- “Not just beautiful, though-the stars are like the trees in the forest, alive and breathing. And they’re watching me.” – Haruki Murakami
- “I am aware that many critics consider the conditions in the stars not sufficiently extreme … the stars are not hot enough. The critics lay themselves open to an obvious retort: we tell them to go and find a hotter place.” – Arthur Eddington
- “There is no shortage of fault to be found amid our stars” – John Green
- “The nitrogen in our DNA, the calcium in our teeth, the iron in our blood, the carbon in our apple pies were made in the interiors of collapsing stars. We are made of star stuff.” – Carl Sagan
- “The real friends of the space voyager are the stars. Their friendly, familiar patterns are constant companions, unchanging, out there.” – James Lovell
- “Maybe that’s what life is… a wink of the eye and winking stars.” – Jack Kerouac
- “Look at the stars. See their beauty. And in that beauty, see yourself.” – Draya Mooney
- “I think that we are like stars. Something happens to burst us open; but when we burst open and think we are dying; we’re actually turning into a supernova. And then when we look at ourselves again, we see that we’re suddenly more beautiful than we ever were before!” – JoyBell C.
- “I like the night. Without the dark, we’d never see the stars.” – Stephenie Meyer
- “If the stars should appear one night in a thousand years, how would men believe and adore; and preserve for many generations the remembrance of the city of God which had been shown! But every night come out these envoys of beauty, and light the universe with their admonishing smile.” – Ralph Waldo Emerson
- “One thousand brilliant stars punched holes in my consciousness, pricking me with longing. I could stare at the stars for hours, their infinite number and depth pulling me into a part of myself that I ignored during the day.” – Maggie Stiefvater
- “The stars look like they’re so close, you could reach out and touch them. But you can’t. Sometimes things look a lot closer than they are.” – Kami Garcia
- “There wouldn’t be a sky full of stars if we were all meant to wish on the same one.” – Frances Clark
- “He counts the stars and calls them all by name.” – Psalm 147:4
- “If people sat outside and looked at the stars each night, I’ll bet they’d live a lot differently.” – Bill Watterson
- “It is the stars, the stars above us, govern our conditions.” – William Shakespeare
- “My thoughts are stars I can’t fathom into constellations.” – John Green
- “Ye stars! Which are the poetry of heaven.” – Lord Byron
- “Dwell on the beauty of life. Watch the stars, and see yourself running with them.” – Marcus Aurelius
- “When it is dark enough, you can see the stars.” – Ralph Waldo Emerson
- “Silently, one by one, in the infinite meadows of heaven, blossomed the lovely stars, the forget-me-nots of the angels.” – Henry Wadsworth Longfellow | <urn:uuid:18b74f3d-6afa-4dba-95f9-f1cb665b8938> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://inspirationfeed.com/star-quotes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.949528 | 2,706 | 3.625 | 4 |
Does it make sense that an Ohio Congressman banned the public from recording his townhall meeting but allowed the press to record it?
“Government should not be involved in the bedrooms of consenting adults. I have always been a strong advocate of liberty and freedom from unnecessary government intervention into our lives. The freedoms that our forefathers fought for in this country are sacred and must be preserved. The Republican Party cannot be sidetracked into discussing these morally judgmental issues — such a discussion is simply wrongheaded. We need to maintain our position as the party of efficient government management and the watchdogs of the “public’s pocket book”.
“This ‘pledge’ is nothing short of a promise to discriminate against everyone who makes a personal choice that doesn’t fit into a particular definition of ‘virtue’.
Secretary of State Hilary Rodham Clinton gave a speech today on Internet rights at George Washington University. Read the full (and long) speech here. Here is a good paragraph:
When countries curtail internet freedom, they place limits on their economic future. Their young people don’t have full access to the conversations and debates happening in the world or exposure to the kind of free inquiry that spurs people to question old ways of doing and invent new ones. And barring criticism of officials makes governments more susceptible to corruption, which create economic distortions with long-term effects. Freedom of thought and the level playing field made possible by the rule of law are part of what fuels innovation economies.
She meant the above when the following happens:
In China, the government censors content and redirects search requests to error pages. In Burma, independent news sites have been taken down with distributed denial of service attacks. In Cuba, the government is trying to create a national intranet, while not allowing their citizens to access the global internet. In Vietnam, bloggers who criticize the government are arrested and abused. In Iran, the authorities block opposition and media websites, target social media, and steal identifying information about their own people in order to hunt them down.
All found here on the official website:
America, the Greatest Country God ever gave Man, was built on three bedrock principles: Freedom. Liberty. And Fear — that someone might take our Freedom and Liberty. But now, there are dark, optimistic forces trying to take away our Fear — forces with salt and pepper hair and way more Emmys than they need. They want to replace our Fear with reason. But never forget — “Reason” is just one letter away from “Treason.” Coincidence? Reasonable people would say it is, but America can’t afford to take that chance.
Timothy B. Lee delves into the irony of living in the woods to get away from the long arm of the government:
The question of whether the advantages of freedom (in the “leave me alone” sense) outweigh the benefits of living in large urban areas is not a theoretical one. If all you care about is avoiding the long arm of the law, that’s actually pretty easy to do. Buy a cabin in the woods in Wyoming and the government will pretty much leave you alone. Pick a job that allows you to deal in cash and you can probably get away without filing a tax return. In reality, hardly anyone does this. To the contrary, people have been leaving rural areas for high-tax, high-regulation cities for decades.
Almost no one’s goal in life is to maximize their liberty in this abstract sense. Rather, liberty is valuable because it enables us to achieve other goals, like raising a family, having a successful career, making friends, and so forth. To achieve those kinds of goals, you pretty much have to live near other people, conform to social norms, and make long-term investments. And people who live close together for long periods of time need a system of mechanisms for resolving disputes, which is to say they need a government.
This reminds me of Andrew Jackson and can be found in many Conservative ideologies. First off, it is important to note that it is folly to think that rural denizens are free from the long arm of Washington. I talked to a dairy farmer while on vacation in Maine and he mentioned that he may have to go out of businesses because of the milk industry is almost dead. This is obviously an effect of supply and demand economics mixed with fuel changes (see ethanol). Politics is leavened all within that quagmire.
The irony comes out in seeing this ideology come full circle. Possessing freedom and the ability to make any decision you want is not full freedom. Making choices that free you, as opposed to bind you up, marks true freedom. The “log cabin in the wood” ideology is relatively similar.
Freedom and liberty are fully enjoyed when with others. Community forms together individuals and their own traits. As Lee mentions, our goals cannot be fully achieved on our own. Few families are able to grow up in a log cabin completely cut off from the world. It is not wrong to want to ditch the world and hide out in a cabin for a few weeks. That is what vacation spots and summer getaways are for. But I feel that the inner desire underneath this is a desire to get beyond this world.
Many of us get sick with different aspects of life. Sick of paying for high car or health insurance premiums that you most likely never actually use unless in an emergency? Sick of the acquaintances, friendships, and relationships in your life being only on the surface level and not authentic? Sick of hypocritical and illogical institutions (greedy corporations, unloving churches, messy politics, et al)? The list of things we are all sick of in the world could go on forever.
Some see their desire to get away from the world as rooted in a “don’t tread on me” approach, bitter usually over ballooning bureaucracy and losing your money to the IRS. Whatever your reason, it comes down to ultimately the world’s inability to fully satisfy us. C.S. Lewis sums this up quite well, “If I find in myself desires which nothing in this world can satisfy, the only logical explanation is that I was made for another world.”
Is that ever a question that is asked? One ideological side may respond that there is much work to be done to change our world, to bring it up too speed and help humanity. The other side may say that the world too needs to change, but that will come through us reverting back to our roots (usually constitutional roots of 18th century America). It too is folly to think solely in an American exceptionalism frame of mind, that our founding fathers were perfect and the best men on earth, hence we should emulate them. I wonder if that includes riding horses, wearing wigs, and having sex with our female slaves?
The answer to all of this is that there are no easy or clear answers. That is not what the media wants to report to you because you may think after all of this that that was a waste of time. I insert the third way approach to this situation: we have work to do that can take us forward all the while looking back. We need to see our limits in what can be done on earth but letting our consciences remain a strong voice in our lives to yearn for change, for reconciliation, even if that may be called naive. That little voice inside you saying how fed up you are with life may in fact be a call for you to seek a type of redemption that should always begin with love.
Ted Olson brings it: conservative style and in a very polite way, too. When was the last time you heard someone talk about such a hot button issue so calmly? He seems to be confident in what he is saying, doesn’t feel threatened by these polemic issues, and feels protected by our Constitution. Money quote:
“We believe that a conservative value is stable relationships and stable community and loving individuals coming together and forming a basis that is a building block of our society, which includes marriage.”
He brings up so many good points yet clings to our Constitutional fundamentals. Thank you, Ted. Even the host wonders how he ever lost a court case.
George Washington himself delivered the rebuke to those who would urge American Muslims to “refudiate” their right to worship freely.
All possess alike liberty of conscience and immunities of citizenship. It is now no more that toleration is spoken of, as if it was by the indulgence of one class of people, that another enjoyed the exercise of their inherent natural rights. For happily the Government of the United States, which gives to bigotry no sanction, to persecution no assistance requires only that they who live under its protection should demean themselves as good citizens …
Hat Tip: David Frum | <urn:uuid:797157e5-4baa-43f1-849b-97fa52d607d7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://vgiordano.wordpress.com/tag/liberty/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00199-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961033 | 1,829 | 1.53125 | 2 |
“The foolish men built a house upon the sand. The foolish men built a house upon the sand. The foolish men built a house upon the sand. And the walls came tumbling down. The wise men built a house upon the rock, the wise men built a house upon the rock….” The melody of this childhood song replays in my head, the lyrics taunting me even as I recall the hand motions that accompanied it.
Dad built a house. He constructed the first house that he and mom lived in after they were married in Willmar, Kentucky, where I was born. Dad also built and stained the twin wall cabinets that hung above the beds that mr brother and I shared in South Minneapolis. My cabinet hangs in my garage to this day. He also built the fence that runs along the property line behind our home in Plymouth. Dad built quite a bit actually. He learned construction somewhere. And what he built seemed sturdy and strong.
As a child I built an “invisible man,” painting all the respective organs and assembling the plastic model with the conviction that one day I would be a doctor. I also built model cars and airplanes. My favorite building project, however, was a zoo. I can still picture the dark musty alcove in the basement of the St. Cloud Public Library where I repeatedly retrieved the green hardbound copy of “How to Make a Miniature Zoo.” The “zoo” was located in the pen defined by two white-picket fences between the house and the garage. I didn’t so much “build” the zoo as stock it with turtles, snakes, frogs, and the occasional random rodent that my best friend, Dick, and I managed to catch. These projects never really lasted.
“Built to Last” – which happens to be the title of a best-selling book on enduring business success – is venerated as a virtuous ambition by many. The prevailing notion seems to be that building on something “solid as a rock” will do the trick. But what if I choose river rather than rock? What if being in a creative flow state is more important to me than building a lasting legacy? What if I am more interested in being alive today than what will endure for tomorrow?
Building castles on the shore with my grandchildren is one of the great pleasures of my life these days, along with digging holes in the sand so deep that my young grandson virtually disappears. Whether building or digging, I know that the tide will eventually change and the amazing forms we’ve constructed will wash away. There is no illusion that they will be there tomorrow. But the joy of the moment suffices. We laugh and we play and we dig away.
I outgrew singing about wise men and foolish men. Today I am more interested in being fully present than concerned about what will last for tomorrow. Is that foolish or is there a wisdom in that as well? | <urn:uuid:12d774aa-c6f6-4a8c-a23e-91769f17054c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://steveboehlke.com/blog/2020/06/building/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.973635 | 613 | 1.765625 | 2 |
In July 2011, Washington State Law RCW: 69.51A was amended to include new requirements for healthcare professionals, who authorize medical cannabis use for qualifying patients.
A ”qualifying patient” has a “terminal or debilitating” medical condition, including, cancer, HIV/AIDS, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy or other seizure disorders, Hepatitis C, glaucoma, Crohn’s Disease, anorexia, and other conditions resulting in nausea, vomiting, wasting, appetite loss, cramping, seizures, muscle spasms, or severe intractable pain, unrelieved by standard treatments or medications.
Since June 2010, the list of healthcare professionals who may authorize the medical use of cannabis, was expanded to include not only MDs, but other licensed medical professionals, such as physician’s assistants, osteopathic physicians, osteopathic physicians' assistants, naturopaths, or advanced registered nurse practitioners.
The law states that a healthcare professional shall be excepted from the state's criminal laws and not be penalized in any manner, or denied any right or privilege for:
- Advising a qualifying patient that the use of medical cannabis will benefit the patient’s condition, within a professional standard of care and based on sound medical opinion;
- Providing a qualifying patient with valid authorization for medical cannabis use, based on thorough assessment of the patient's medical history and current condition.
Now, a healthcare professional may only provide a qualifying patient with valid documentation authorizing the use of medical cannabis, if he or she has a newly initiated or existing documented relationship with the patient, relating to the diagnosis and ongoing treatment of the patient's terminal or debilitating medical condition, and only after:
- Completing a physical examination of the patient as appropriate;
- Documenting the patient’s condition and stating that the patient may benefit from treatment with medical cannabis in the patient’s medical record;
- Discussing other options for treating the medical condition and documenting other measures, if any, to treat the condition prior to authorizing the medical use of cannabis.
Doctors may, but are not required to authorize the use of medical cannabis. In order to convince your doctor of the benefits of medical cannabis for your condition, you must not only understand your illness, you must know exactly how the medicine helps you. Physicians consider symptoms of an illness, and not just the illness itself, before authorizing medical cannabis. Tell your doctor exactly how much you use, and how it relieves your symptoms. A written journal of symptoms and the effects of cannabis treatment over time might help you illustrate your point more effectively. Be honest about any positive or negative effects of cannabis in your personal case. Your doctor needs to know that you have a mature and realistic view of the risks and benefits of this controversial herbal treatment.
Not only is cannabis one of the safest treatments in use today, it is also the only medicine that works for many people with terminal or debilitating conditions. However, decades of negative publicity generated by the US government may still affect the opinions of some doctors. Persuasive arguments can be crucial. One patient changed his doctor’s mind by pointing out that cannabis was the only medicine that allowed him to keep down other medications, so he could not stop using it. But if he went to jail for using cannabis without a physician’s authorization, he would be locked up without access to any medication! The doctor had to agree, the benefits outweighed the risks.
Without valid documentation, a patient may end up in jail for illegal drug possession.
Personal medical information is not “valid documentation” under the law. “Valid documentation” constitutes:
- A statement signed and dated by a qualifying patient’s healthcare professional written on tamper-resistant paper, which states the professional opinion that the patient may benefit from medical use of cannabis; and
- Proof of identity, such as a Washington state driver’s license or ID.
Standard updated medical cannabis authorization forms are available from the Washington State Medical Association(WSMA).
Your doctor cares about your health. But even well-meaning physicians may not approve of medical cannabis for different reasons. It may be that a physician would like to recommend cannabis treatment, but cannot. Major medical institutions are governed by federal statutes and depend on federal funding, so the healthcare professionals they employ have been ordered to refrain from authorizing cannabis for medical use, regardless of circumstances.
If there is no possibility of convincing your doctor that cannabis is a necessary part of your medical therapy, you may consider finding another licensed medical professional, whose practice is not so large and/or structured by a major institution. Dedicated physicians at small clinics are often more likely to put patients’ health and medical rights ahead of institutional and financial concerns and authorize the medical use of cannabis to safely and effectively treat their terminal and/or debilitating condition in accordance with Washington state law.
State investigates workers who ok'd medical marijuana at Hempfest - Seattle Times. | <urn:uuid:8992ac52-6b58-4a4d-bbe6-07699dfbcfbf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://medmj-wa.com/physician.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00124-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943292 | 1,018 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Which of the following statements are true? (Select all that apply.)
a. If the net force points in the direction of motion, the object speeds up. If the change in
b. momentum vector points opposite the direction of motion, the object slows down.
c. The net force always points in the direction of the motion (i.e, the direction of the momentum vector).
d. If an object moves with constant momentum, there are no forces acting on the object.
e. If the change in momentum vector points opposite the momentum vector, the object speeds up.
f. The change in momentum vector always points in the direction of the net force.
dP = Fnet*dt
The Attempt at a Solution
a, b, d, f
When i submitted this answer I was incorrect and I am not sure why. | <urn:uuid:0b839878-1663-45f5-82b2-07192ef8752b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/momentum-and-force-vectors.466488/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.850325 | 199 | 3.5625 | 4 |
The history of fire sprinkler systems and their problems
Fire sprinklers have evolved over the years to account for larger warehouse facilities
Since the first fire sprinkler system was deployed in the early 1800s and further refined over the next century, the aim was to protect buildings and their contents from the ravages of fire. The sprinkler system was nothing more than perforated piping with a hopper filled with water using gravity to feed the water through the piping. In the late 1800s, the automatic sprinkler head was developed, allowing piping to be filled with water and pressurized, only discharging water when a sprinkler was activated.
Early fire sprinkler systems were developed to protect commercial and industrial facilities by minimizing the damage caused by fire. It was more common to see multilevel facilities historically, but that gave way to taller single-level buildings as racking grew taller and material handling equipment rose to the challenge. Rising costs of real estate also have contributed to the desire to maximize square footage by increasing cubic footage of space.
In the 1970s, initial research was performed to determine how to protect commodities that were stored at a higher height in increasingly taller buildings. This led to the development of in-rack fire sprinkler protection, the need for specifically defined flue spaces within storage arrangements and a need for generally open shelving in storage racks to allow for distribution of water from the fire sprinkler spray pattern.
It also led to the development of a larger orifice fire sprinkler (17/32-inch orifice or 8.0 K-factor) that could supply more water through each individual fire sprinkler. This began a new era for designing fire sprinkler systems using hydraulic calculations. These calculations provided quantitative means and allowed for more accurate flow rates to be predicted with associated pressure losses due to friction, elevation and other factors. This research provided an acceptable method of protecting more commodities stored higher than ever before.
However, in-rack sprinklers resulted in significant cost to projects, additional care to maintain the systems and became prone to being damaged by human error. Additionally, in-rack sprinkler protection also limited the flexibility of the end user to modify what was being stored, how it was being stored and lacked mobility.
The next challenge came with the increasing volume of products using a higher percentage of plastic and continuing to store to greater heights. New research and technology pushed the envelope further from the 1970s and led to the development of the first early suppression, fast response fire sprinkler in the 1980s, which had an even larger orifice of ¾ inches (a K-factor of 14). This allowed for taller storage and, in some scenarios, also provided options for either eliminating the need for in-rack sprinkler protection or minimizing the amount of in-rack sprinklers needed to achieve adequate protection.
The initial ESFR sprinkler used the pendent position to take advantage of increased efficiency in water delivery as well as improved deflector shape and spray pattern. This pattern was not just a typical umbrella pattern, but also had a jet type spray directly beneath the sprinkler. These ESFR sprinklers could eliminate the need for in-rack fire sprinklers — lowering costs and minimizing potential for accidental discharge due to damage caused by human error.
However, these sprinklers present other challenges for successful implementation, such as strict adherence of sprinkler placement to minimize spray pattern disruptions due to obstructions and to optimize response time. In addition, flues spaces need to be maintained to allow heat from a fire to rise vertically as quickly as possible, while also minimizing horizontal flame spread.
The wave of ESFR research and innovation continued up through the 2000s, with continued full-scale testing for new storage arrangements, commodity types and heights, among other factors. The orifice sizes continued to increase with K-factors steadily rising nominally to 17, 22, 25 and now even a K34 with a 1¼-inch orifice that can be used for storage arrangements up to 50 feet tall in buildings up to 55 feet tall. | <urn:uuid:36a56666-4806-4cd8-9823-6f9631da0d77> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.csemag.com/articles/the-history-of-fire-sprinkler-systems-and-their-problems/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.958553 | 819 | 3.546875 | 4 |
What do you do with a broken Gameboy, a 3″ LCD, a pile of wires, a USB SNES controller, a 32gb SD card, and a Raspberry Pi? You make a pocket emulator, of course!
[Anton] decided he wanted to build an emulator awhile ago. He had a few specific goals in mind: it had to be hand-held, portable, child safe, and usable without a keyboard. He started by stripping the broken Gameboy down to its external shell, then removing all of the internal plastic mounting features with a hot soldering iron. Next was the challenge of fitting everything into the case and powering it. Because his 3″ LCD runs off 12V, [Anton] needed a way to get 5V to the Pi. Lucky for him, it turned out that his LCD’s controller board had a 5V test point/expansion pin-out!
From there it was just a matter of reusing the original Gameboy’s speaker, closing up the case, and loading the emulator! As always, there’s a demo video after the break. | <urn:uuid:c7aab8ca-14d8-4602-a69e-36b5affe7b5d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://hackaday.com/tag/game-boy-raspberry-pi/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721558.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00045-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961691 | 230 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Starbucks Apologizes For Satanic Images In Christian Woman's Coffee Foam
A Louisiana schoolteacher accused a Starbucks barista of drawing Satanic images in her Starbucks coffee foam on Sunday. In a photo she shared on Starbucks Facebook page, Megan Pinion shows two cups of coffee: one containing what appears to be a pentagram and the other cup containing the number 666.
The pentagram, when pointed downwards, is frequently used as a symbol by devil worshipers. The number 666, also known as the 'mark of the beast' can be found in the Bible's book of Revelations and it is often associated with Satan.
According to reports from The Advertiser, Starbucks has apologized for the barista's actions. "We reached out to her through social media and apologized," said Starbucks social media team spokesman Tom Kun. "We're taking the complaint seriously."
In her Facebook post, Megan Pinion expressed her feelings on what she was served. "I unfortunately can't give the young man's name who served [the drink], because I was so appalled that I could not bring myself to look at him," Pinion wrote . "I am in no way judging his beliefs or dis-meriting his beautiful artwork, I am however judging his lack of professionalism and respect for others."
According to CBS, Starbucks released a public statement, saying, "We have sincerely apologized for her experience. This obviously is not the type of experience we want to provide any of our customers, and is not representative of the customer service our partners provide to millions of customers every day."
The Huffington Post reports that Starbucks has not yet revealed whether or not the employee will be disciplined for his actions. | <urn:uuid:bc242b34-c784-46a6-8c63-ad082a9b30ff> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.christiantoday.com/article/starbucks.apologizes.satanic.images.christian.womans.coffee.foam/36540.htm?email=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00079-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975428 | 342 | 1.59375 | 2 |
First-calf females often take more time and higher quality feed in order to become a productive future brood cow, according to an article by Paul C. Hay, University of Nebraska-Lincoln extension educator (http://bit.ly/…).
Especially vital in such a high-quality diet is the protein and energy needed by a first-calf female to prevent loss of weight and body condition between calving and breeding season. Such heifers should be managed carefully and fed separate from mature cows, as the younger cattle need more protein. Also important to note is the approximate 17% decrease in daily feed intake from first-calf heifers three weeks before calving, necessitating a higher nutrient density of the ration.
According to Hay, first-calf females post-calving need a diet with at least 62% total digestible nutrients (TDN) and 10-11% crude protein. Neither prairie hay, bromegrass hay or early-bloom alfalfa will meet the first-calf female's energy needs, and some will not meet their protein needs. Such forages need to be supplemented.
Corn, distillers grains, gluten feed and silage are all good choices to supplement protein requirements.
For cows on pasture, the supplement may need to be fed on the ground instead of in bunks. Although there is typically less waste when supplementing with an energy cube/cake or whole shell corn, UN-L researchers saw little waste on the ground when supplementing with wet distillers grains.
Cheryl Anderson can be reached at Cheryl.firstname.lastname@example.org.
© Copyright 2016 DTN/The Progressive Farmer. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:9e2926f0-03dc-455b-bab2-9f09878be3df> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.dtnpf.com/agriculture/web/ag/perspectives/blogs/ethanol-blog/blog-post/2016/01/13/use-distillers-grains-supplement | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00085-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.92567 | 354 | 2.4375 | 2 |
Southsidedaily.com is your source for free local news and information in Virginia Beach
The creativity of more than a dozen Hermitage Elementary School students helped raise nearly $1,500 for Operation Smile, an international charity that provides financial help for children in developing countries born with facial deformities.
During summer vacation, students found different ways to raise money, including walking dogs, picking up trash, writing and selling a book and selling necklaces out of oyster shells.
“I want our students to be aware that they can make a difference,” principal Holly Coggin said. “No child is too young to help others.”
The money the students raised helped six children receive a free facial surgery.
“We are so proud and honored that these young students decided to give their time and energy toward a fundraising project that will help others around the world,” associate vice president of Operation Smile Student Programs Jennifer Krzewinski said. | <urn:uuid:2409be1e-9d8d-495f-a24c-9cf88b3b8b97> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://southsidedaily.com/2016/11/02/creativity-of-hermitage-elementary-students-raises-money-for-operation-smile/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00510-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93779 | 200 | 1.625 | 2 |
21st century education integrates technologies, engaging students in ways not previously possible, creating new learning and teaching possibilities, enhancing achievement and extending interactions with local and global communities.”
(Contemporary Learning, Learning in an Online World MCEETYA 2005)
Learning and Teaching – is the core activity of our schools. Quality learning and teaching in Catholic schools is informed by:
- The educational vision, mission, policies and strategic priorities of the Diocese of Cairns
- Contemporary educational research and practices
- The needs and the aspirations of students, their families and the local community
- The knowledge and skills of teachers and support staff
- The requirements of Government educational policies and directions
Schools in the Diocese of Cairns are committed to preparing young people for tomorrow’s world by providing an education which is congruent with the values of the gospels and the teachings of the Catholic Church. To realise such a system of education we hold firmly a vision for the kinds of adults our young people need to become and this is clearly articulated in our Diocesan Learning Framework.
As a recognised Australian educational provider, Catholic Education Services – Diocese of Cairns (CES) assents to the Melbourne Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians (2008), as promulgated by the Ministerial Council on Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs.
Our schools have used the Queensland Curriculum and Reporting Framework, introduced in 2008, to transition from past syllabi to the Australian Curriculum.
The move to the Australian Curriculum provided Cairns Catholic Education with an opportunity to review and reflect on curriculum offerings and pedagogical practices to ensure students are provided with curriculum which is ‘rich, relevant and real’.
With the Diocesan Learning Framework as the foundation document, our schools continue to develop school-based curriculum plans designed to meet the needs of their particular community whilst taking into account and being informed by the Australian Curriculum.
In proposing minimum curriculum requirements for Learning Areas within Catholic schools, it is critical to note that every curriculum area has a religious and a social emotional dimension; a capacity to assist students to examine the world of human culture and the world of religion, providing knowledge and skills through an active process, and fostering attitudes and values that are life-giving and that assist young people to search for meaning and truth.
…school should be able to offer young people the means to acquire the knowledge they need to find a place in a society, which is strongly characterised by technical and scientific skill. But, at the same time, it should be a place, above all, to impart a solid Christian formation.”
The Catholic School on the Threshold of the Third Millennium | <urn:uuid:f271f08a-8200-46a4-a6c5-515fa17896c9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cns.catholic.edu.au/your-education/curriculum/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00191-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946442 | 558 | 2.75 | 3 |
Detoxification or detox diets are marketed and promoted for weight loss, toxin elimination, and general good health. Toxins, in the context of these diets, are defined loosely as anything from pollutants and other chemicals to heavy metals and damaged dietary fats and proteins. Researchers decided to examine the science for evidence of their effectiveness and published their findings in a 2015 review. Watch this video now to learn if detox diets are money down the drain. Click the Red More Button in your email or the image below if you are on our website.
[wp_lightbox_fancybox_youtube_video link=”https://youtu.be/Lfl6GCfTwqc” title=“Detox Diets, Money Down the Drain?” source=”https://i.ytimg.com/vi/8iGdVBlFuJ0/hqdefault.jpg”] | <urn:uuid:30d939c1-2e75-49f8-950e-afbf780faf33> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://backinbalancewnc.com/2016/11/01/chiropractor-asheville-detox-diets-money-drain/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.88404 | 190 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Submitted to: Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/20/2000
Publication Date: 10/1/2000
Citation: Interpretive Summary: These studies show that we can take the normal bacteria found in the gut of healthy swine and grow them in the laboratory and then give the bacteria to newborn pigs and protect these pigs from an Escherichia coli infection. The process of growing bacteria in the lab and then giving them to animals to protect against disease- causing bacteria is called competitive exclusion (CE). The current studies demonstrate that by giving the swine CE culture to neonatal pigs, we can reduce the death and disease symptoms associated with E. coli and reduce the possible spread of the E. coli to other pigs. This work is also important because the CE culture used for these studies is readily identified in the laboratory, which means we will have the first defined CE culture for use in the swine industry. Ultimately, the use of this product in swine should result in less expensive and safer swine products for consumers. Being able to identify the bacteria in a CE culture is necessary for approval of the use of the culture in food animals by the Food and Drug Administration.
Technical Abstract: We have previously reported that the administration of a competitive exclusion culture (PCF-1)derived from the cecal microflora of a young, healthy pig and maintained in a continuous flow fermentation system to neonatal pigs resulted in a decrease in the incidence of fecal shedding and cecal colonization of Salmonella choleraesuis in pigs at weaning. In the present experiments, we describe the effects of the administration of a derivative of the PCF-1 culture, RPCF, against an enterotoxigenic E. coli infection in neonatal pigs raised off-sow. The administration of RPCF at 12 and 24 hours after birth resulted in significant ( P < 0.05) reductions in mortality, incidence of fecal shedding, and in gut colonization by E. coli when compared to control values. RPCF reduced mortality from 17.5 % observed in untreated pigs to 4.4 % in RPCF- treated pigs. Fecal shedding of E. coli was reduced significantly (P < 0.05) in RPCF-treated pigs between days 1-3 post-challenge. These results indicate that the RPCF culture is effective against one of the most important causes of neonatal scours, E. coli infections, in piglets. | <urn:uuid:7164e87e-ca08-48aa-9997-258f3d2ad7ed> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=111184 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00225-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936382 | 521 | 3.109375 | 3 |
*As Chavez attempts to allow indefinite presidential reelections for himself by way of the approval of the Referendum for Constitutional amendment, anarchists publish this declaration, which is also the Editorial of El Libertario #55, January-February 2009 (now on line, in Spanish www.nodo50.org/ellibertario).
During mid-December a large number of people working under temporary contracts in governmental offices lost their jobs due to orders “from above” that mandated a drastic reduction in the inflated state payroll due to the economic crisis. On the other hand a report by the NGO CECODAP counted 174 children dead by gunshots in one year in their neighborhoods, which testifies about the violence we live with in this country, symptom of our social crisis. The lack of decent housing affects 13 million people, after ten consecutive years of the Bolivarian government failing to meet their own goals, which has mobilized the community of the homeless throughout the nation, occupying land under threats of criminalization and police and judicial repression. During 2008 inflation was the highest in Latin America, lowering real wages as the cost of food and services rose, and this situation is not going to improve in 2009. Besides, the state’s income and expenses will drop considerably due to falling oil prices, our main export. The condition of health care, personal security, of people deprived of freedom, the degradation of the police forces and the murder of labor activists do not pass scrutiny either, despite al the government propaganda in the media.
Against the current, the government’s worries are far from the suffering and the demands of common people. It has been decided at the top that the priority (as if there were no more pressing problems to solve) is to change an article in the Constitution to allow for the indefinite re-election of only the position of president. This modification would complete the judicial scaffolding that supports the progressive military centralization of power we have suffered this past decade, while keeping the democratic formalities. In this barracks socialism built upon state capitalism there is no possibility of “process” or opportunity for minimal dissent from the political line ordered from above and implemented via the PSUV (United Socialist Party of Venezuela), as other parties –such as PCV(Communist Party of Venezuela) and PPT(Fatherland for All) – that support the Bolivarian project know quite well.
In spite of having the decade with the highest oil and fiscal income in Venezuelan history, the lack of structural change, the deepening of a single product economy as well as the scandalous corruption in all levels of government put us at a disadvantage at the threshold of a global economic crisis, which, like every other crisis, will hit the hardest the more vulnerable sectors. However, the hungering for power does not hesitate to spend 800 million hard Bolivars (almost US$400,000) in the campaign for the constitutional amendment.
The support for the proposal shown by the principal state functionaries and economic actors has a motive: to secure the continuity of a model of government that has benefited them with largesse. The existence of a new privileged class, the “boliburgeoisie” can no longer be hidden, born and raised in the warmth of a simulated pseudo-revolution. This flourishing oligarchy that shares space with the traditional power centers linked to the globalized economy, shamelessly flaunts the most scandalously sudden enrichment in the continent. These white collar and red beret criminals, protected by the impunity given by the concentration of power have embezzled public monies in such a magnitude that they make the previous administrative malfeasance of the former Mayor of Caracas Juan Barreto look like the doings of a provincial chicken thief.
It is possible to observe in this potpourri of principles the substance of the “new world” they want to impose on us from the summit of the bureaucracy. The strong-arming and harassment of public employees to sign on to the amendment, under the explicit or veiled threat of losing their jobs exemplifies the spirit of change that animates this populist extravagance of the XXI century. In such a contest of opportunism and abjection the ends justify the use of any means, precisely the contrary of what informed the ethics of the founders of socialism. Autocratic leadership denies the essence of popular counter-power, which, in large majorities, not only by one person, is the motor that drives the transformations. By contrast, going in that direction legitimizes the militarization of everyday life, the lack of independence and autonomy of the social movements, the criminalization of difference and dissent, the discrimination because of politics, the corruption and impunity of the sycophants as well as the loss of the possibility of direct democracy by assembly that finds expression in multiple formats not just in its reduction to electoral activity.
[Translation: Luis Prat]
www.nodo50.org/ellibertario (in Spanish, English & other languages) | <urn:uuid:b6224b74-9dcc-4338-b0d6-1be048cecf15> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mob.indymedia.org.uk/en/2009/01/417197.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.941752 | 1,029 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Research Spotlight: Dr. Ronald F. Levant
Ronald F. Levant, Professor of Psychology, is currently pursuing several lines of investigation: The first is a pilot study, to prepare for a randomized clinical trial, of the feasibility, acceptance and preliminary efficacy of Alexithymia Reduction Treatment (ART), a brief psychoeducational intervention designed to remediate normative male alexithymia in order to enable male veterans suffering from PTSD to benefit more fully from psychological treatment.
The second aims to model men’s reluctance to seek mental health care by testing theoretical models of the variables that mediate and moderate the negative relationships between masculinity constructs and men’s attitudes toward seeking mental health services.
The third focuses on how the relationship between health behaviors and masculinity constructs according to the specific dimension of health behavior and the specific masculinity construct, wherein some facets of masculinity may be associated with health protective factors, whereas others may be associated with health risk factors.
The fourth line of investigation aims to extend existing research on alexithymia by conjoining the current self-report measures which assess alexithymic symptoms with an emotional priming task as well as measures of suppression, repression, and dissociation. It is expected that individuals who score high on the measures of alexithymia will be more likely to show slower responses (negative priming) in the priming task for experimental (vulnerable and attachment) emotion words. We will also be examining whether repression, suppression, and dissociation mediate the negative priming effect (after controlling for depression and negative emotion).
Dr. Levant helped create the new psychology of men. He has developed theory and conducted research on fathering, the gender role strain paradigm, and masculinity ideology in multicultural perspective. He has developed and evaluated a number of gender-related instruments, including the Male Role Norms Inventory (MRNI; Levant & Richmond, 2007), the MRNI-Revised (Levant, Smalley, et al., 2007; Levant, Rankin, et al., 2010 ), MRNI-Adolescent Version (Levant, Graef, et al., 2008 ), the Normative Male Alexithymia Scale (Levant, Good, et al., 2006), The Femininity Ideology Scale (Levant, Richmond, et al., 2007) and the Women’s Nontraditional Sexuality Questionnaire (Levant, Rankin, et al., under reviews).
Dr. Levant’s signature contribution has been in establishing the empirical foundation for the “Normative Male Alexithymia” hypothesis. Levant (1992) formulated this hypothesis based on a review of the developmental research literature on male emotion socialization, which showed that although boys start life with greater emotional reactivity and expressiveness than girls, and retain this advantage until 1 year of age, they become less verbally expressive than girls at about age two and less facially expressive by age six. Levant, Good, et al. (2006) reviewed the literature on gender differences in alexithymia among adults, finding that men experience greater alexithymia than women. The alexithymia literature was then meta-analyzed to determine whether there was empirical support for sex differences (Levant, Hall, et al., 2009). An effect size estimate based on 41 existing samples found consistent, although expectedly small, differences in mean alexithymia between women and men. Men exhibited higher levels of alexithymia. | <urn:uuid:1dd535a8-d69c-477c-a6d7-2de56a1967b2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.uakron.edu/psychology/research/research-spotlight-details.dot?id=1433383 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00213-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920382 | 711 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Finding out About Watsu Being an Alternate Medicine Approach
If you're unfamiliar with the term, you probably consider it as a certain form of early Japanese art. This isn't entirely correct. Although Watsu was designed in the Japanese civilization, it's actually not Japanese at all. The truth is that the term is due to the Japanese words"watsu" (meaning heat) and also"tai" (tea). It was made by the Chinese and usedto tell apart their particular system of body work, but now we call it Watsu.
The art of plain water was practiced for decades, but just lately has it become very popular in the West. Watsu can be tracked back to several types of massage that were used in the Western civilization. Straight back then, water was useful for therapeutic purposes together with for assisting relieve stress and pain. With the years, the art has been known as a style of deep relaxation which utilizes your overall body's natural warmth to achieve relaxation, anxiety relief, along with physiological well being.
To learn how to perform watsu, you need to master a few gentle stretches. Perhaps one of the absolute most gentle moves is called the turbulent drag. It is sometimes called a gentle noodle stretch because the motions are much like those of a dolphin.
The turbulent drag is performed at a sitting down posture. You make use of your own knees bring up your pelvis and press your feet from the own thighs. Then, with both hands, pull your navel in your chest and drive your torso out of the water. Soothing and enjoying the benefits with the deep relaxation may be exceedingly relaxing.
Another gentle stretch you could do at the water would be your aquatic compression. This also requires you to lie flat on your back with your knees bent and your buttocks in accord with your legs. Along with your palms, start to rub the sides of one's face on the own throat, gently pressing on the surface of your visit encourage the suitable relaxing of your voice box. Heal your muscular areas, especially those rib cageneck, shoulders, and cartilage, since this may relax the nervous procedure.
Another of those tender moves in watsu involves going to a semi-erect, sitting down, right posture. While you begin to lie flat, put your fingers on the sides of your thoughts and begin to rub on your chest-deep warm water softly in a circular movement. Massage your face back, shoulders, neck, and torso . As you are feeling cozy, shut your eyes and focus on each little detail, and that are going to assist you in attaining satisfaction.
Most therapeutic courses will lead you through specific physical workouts or self-massage techniques. If you do not want to undertake expert bodywork, then in addition, there are lots of great books and DVDs offered for purchase. A Number of These contain"The Secret of Watsu," and"The Healing Touch." These 2 books can help you enormously in relieving pressure, increasing your disposition, also enhancing overall wellness. You can also like to think about buying a gym , a medication ball, or possibly a chair that can assist you in practicing numerous stretches. Many gullible therapists advocate practicing these comfort methods three or more times every week.
When you choose water since your system of therapy method, you will be dealing with licensed, licensed therapists who have considerable trained in the tradition of plain water. These professionals use their expertise to both encourage appropriate breathing and relaxation. As a way to find the maximum benefits from your own treatments, you always need to be really gentle if working together with your own therapist. Keep in mind that you need to learn to unwind. Professional coastal body work therapists remind people who is important to obtaining the maximum benefit from their periods. If you want to get rid of stress from your life Check over here and enhance your overall well-being, you can want to consider learning more about water. | <urn:uuid:2dc23a18-3068-409e-a89a-1c903dcb5baa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blogfreely.net/l2nixqo436/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.964884 | 796 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Released: September 27, 2012
Supported Platforms: Windows XP, Vista, & 7 (32 & 64bit)
Text to Find
The second group of controls lets you specify the text string. Separate the words in your search text with spaces. The radio-button controls beneath the edit box tell ZipHunter how to interpret the text you entered. Any word means a match is found if at least one of the words in the text string is found. If the text string is PC Magazine, any file with the string PC, Magazine, or both will result in a match. If All words is selected, every word in the string must be found, though they don't have to be together or even in the same order. The Exact text option requires that the string appear in the file exactly as entered, including the word order. The last option, RegEx, uses regular expressions to search for text. If your familiar with regular expressions, you know that this is a very powerful option.
If you select the Case sensitive check box, only a string with the same pattern of uppercase and lowercase letters as in the search string will trigger a hit. Continuing with our example, magazine, would not match, but Magazine would. When Whole words is checked, a file containing the search string will only show as a hit if the search string appears as a separate word, and not as part of another word. So, for example, the string PCMagazine would not be a match.
Inside this Utility
PCMag's Utility Library
- Block Spyware Before It Starts
- Manage Every File on Your Hard Drive
- And lots more! | <urn:uuid:1c30b5ac-2f04-44d4-917c-a4be6382c024> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2410198,00.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00440-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.877448 | 337 | 2.3125 | 2 |
PENZBERG, Germany, February 9, 2012 /PRNewswire/ --
In an effort to improve preclinical cardiotoxicity assays, reduce drug testing attrition rates, and ensure drug safety, collaborating scientists at the University Medical Center Utrecht in the Netherlands, and Bioscience Department of AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden, have tested Roche's xCELLigence Cardio Instrument. Their goal was to determine whether impedance recordings are a useful way to detect compound effects on beating frequency of cardiomyocytes, derived either from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPS), or from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC). The xCELLigence Cardio Instrument is an impedance sensing instrument capable of reading signals at high sampling rates, making it possible to measure the contraction movements of cardiomyocytes in contact with sensor microelectrodes.
In this study (1), the effects of nine compounds were tested on beating frequency (beats per minute, bpm) of hiPS and mESC cardiomyocytes. The authors reported, "The results of this initial study show that, under the right conditions, the beating frequency of a monolayer of cells can be stably recorded over several days. In addition, the xCELLigence System detects changes in beating frequency and amplitude caused by added reference compounds."
The authors conclude that xCELLigence Cardio instrument has potential for 96-well-throughput cardiotoxicity screening of the effects of compounds on rhythmic beating patterns of cardiomyocytes. They underscored the need for continuous improvements in the maturation of available cardiomyocytes and in further validation of the assay on an extended set of reference compounds with known in-vivo effects. They also indicated that the production of distinct subtypes of ventricular, atrial and nodal cardiomyocytes could open up new areas of screening for arrhythmia and cardiotoxicity.
(1) Malin K.B. Jonsson, Qing-Dong Wang, Bruno Becker: Impedance-Based Detection of Beating Rhythm and Proarrhythmic Effects of Compounds on Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes.
ASSAY and Drug Development Technologies. December 2011: 589-599.
Headquartered in Basel, Switzerland, Roche is a leader in research-focused healthcare with combined strengths in pharmaceuticals and diagnostics. Roche is the world's largest biotech company with truly differentiated medicines in oncology, virology, inflammation, metabolism and CNS. Roche is also the world leader in in-vitro diagnostics, tissue-based cancer diagnostics and a pioneer in diabetes management. Roche's personalized healthcare strategy aims at providing medicines and diagnostic tools that enable tangible improvements in the health, quality of life and survival of patients. In 2011, Roche had over 80,000 employees worldwide and invested over 8 billion Swiss francs in R&D. The Group posted sales of 42.5 billion Swiss francs. Genentech, United States, is a wholly owned member of the Roche Group. Roche has a majority stake in Chugai Pharmaceutical, Japan. For more information: http://www.roche.com.
For life science research only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
XCELLIGENCE is a trademark of Roche.
E-PLATE is a registered trademark of ACEA Biosciences, Inc. in the US.
Other brands or product names are trademarks of their respective holders.
For further information please contact:
Dr. Burkhard Ziebolz
SOURCE Roche Diagnostics GmbH | <urn:uuid:c7ec82c8-0052-4bb1-b07a-2be606c77f83> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.biospace.com/News/roche-diagnostics-corporations-xcelligence-cardio/249113 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00434-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.899169 | 756 | 2.28125 | 2 |
The fifth annual Greatest International Scavenger Hunt the World Has Ever Seen (GISHWHES) concluded Saturday, August 12. Initially created by Misha Collins as a way to “defy normalcy,” promote creativity, weirdness, collaboration, and acts of kindness, GISHWHES has broken records and helped people all over the world form relationships and friendships that have lasted years.
Getting a team of fifteen of your closest friends together, much less a team comprised of friends and strangers scattered throughout the world, is a difficult task and, at times, could be stressful. However, this year has been one of the most positive and fun GISH years that I’ve experienced. My team was comprised of friends and people I’ve never met and hardly know. But despite the distance between us, we managed to band together as a cohesive team.
Part of the wonder and fun of GISHWHES is the planning and collaborating on ideas. There is plenty of encouragement to step outside of your day to day routine. However, more than the reminder to defy normalcy and to create art, GISHWHES reminds us to be a beacon of hope, positivity, and light when the real world gets tough.
Thus far, teams have been able to create some fabulous items, providing kindness and laughter along the way. With another successful year, GISHWHES has filled the week with positivity and encouragement from GISHers around the world and within each team.
Items this year ranged from political, such as nominating a qualified female for a position in office, to the weird, such as “make tiny food on your loved one’s grill (mouth).” There were also, of course, the acts of kindness: making gift bags for cancer patients, visiting sick kids at the hospital, donations to domestic violence shelters, and helping provide for the homeless.
Additionally, through their Change a Life item, GISHWHES chooses one person or charity to help. Last year, GISHWHES raised money with Legacy of War for three Syrian families who needed help. This year, GISHWHES partnered with Legacy of War again, and teams rallied together to help Fiona Sargeant keep her ballet school, Dancescape.
She was recently diagnosed with terminal cancer and expected the business to close without help. GISHers and their friends, family, and social media followers were (at the time of this article) able to raise over $255,000 thus far, and the number continues to rise.
With this being the last GISHWHES ever (as we know it), every team provided their all (seriously, blood, sweat, tears, sleep, vacation time, sanity) to make this one count. GISHWHES has challenged individuals and teams not only to stretch their abilities and imagination, but also challenged people emotionally by having items that allowed for personal growth. GISHers have pushed to and past their limits (in a good way) and learned that they were capable of so much more than they originally thought.
Though this is the last GISHWHES ever, the experience will be something that can never be taken away from participants. Memories and friendships forged over the weird and thoughtful things that occurred over the course of the week will not be forgotten, and neither will the life lessons that were learned. GISHWHES served as a reminder to break away from the humdrum of monotonous schedules and complacency, and that people find creativity and kindness in all places.
Farwell GISHWHES, but thank you (and a huge thank you ThundercougarfalconLovesDesertRatatouillesLovesKinkyBirds) for the amazing experience and the reminder to defy normalcy, to create art, and, as always, be kind and do good. | <urn:uuid:91703d7c-2cad-437a-ac6c-14eb1ad039a9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nerdophiles.com/2017/08/13/gishwhes-the-final-chapter/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.967509 | 790 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Malawi Country Strategy Strategic Evaluation 2016-2020
Publication21 December 2021
The Embassy of Ireland Malawi's Country Strategy Paper 2016-2020 (CSP) sets out Ireland's approach to its bilateral relationship with Malawi. The Embassy sought to implement Irish Foreign Policy and increase the resilience of poor households in line with Malawi's Growth and Development Strategy. This report is an independent, evidenced-based evaluation of the performance of the Embassy of Ireland Malawi's (CSP) under the criteria of effectiveness across the five outcome areas in the strategy. The evaluation was commissioned to inform the design of the new mission strategy (2021-2026), contribute to organisational learning and serve as a mechanism of accountability.
Evaluation and Audit Unit, 21 December 2021 | <urn:uuid:54cae106-d4be-45f0-bd5d-5db013b4afa4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://embassyofireland.vn/news-and-media/publications/publicationarchive/2021/december/malawi-country-strategy-strategic-evaluation-2016-2020.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571190.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810131127-20220810161127-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.912036 | 155 | 1.523438 | 2 |
(UNDATED) - This close to most Independence Days, getting a campsite at a DNR state park or reservoir is nearly futile.
This year is different.
The reason has little to do with the drought. It's mostly the calendar and the fact the 4th is on Wednesday. Most places are around 50 percent full, with some having only 30 percent of campsites reserved, and a few having 75-95 percent reserved.
The Wednesday holiday also means no minimum stay as required on most other holidays. Nature centers, found at most properties, are usually air conditioned and provide a nice respite from the heat while giving the kids or grandkids fun things to look at and do.
Find out what's available and make reservations at camp.IN.gov or call 1-866-6CAMPIN. More information is at StateParks.IN.gov.
Have a question or comment about a news story? Send it to email@example.com | <urn:uuid:e87b3720-4228-4b52-b174-c9487481908b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wbiw.com/local/archive/2012/07/midweek-holiday-means-camping.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00026-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94504 | 201 | 2.203125 | 2 |
The Capital Area Greenway is one of the highlights of the area, with 100 miles (160 km) of trails to explore.
Raleigh has one of the fastest growing populations in the US, no doubt due to its reputation as a great place to live. Its population was estimated to be around 430,000 in 2013, which is double what the figure stood at in 1990, indicating the growth of the city in the last two decades.
Some 57.5 percent of the local population is white, with 29.3 per cent black or African American, while there is also a small Asian American population living in Raleigh. At the time of the last census in 2010, 11.3 percent of Raleigh residents were Hispanic or Latino Americans
Christianity is the main religion in the city, but less than half of the people living in Raleigh are affiliated with a religion. Roman Catholic (11 percent), Baptist (11 percent), and Methodist (7 percent) are the three most popular religions, although there are small communities that practice Islam, Judaism, or Buddhism, among other religions.
Raleigh has a humid subtropical climate, similar to much of the southeastern United States. Winters are generally cool and do not last for long, while the city receives an average of six inches (15 cm) of snow. Ice storms can occur in the area, but they are quite rare.
July is the wettest month in Raleigh, while summers are hot and humid with temperatures generally above the 25°C mark during the hottest months of the year.
Expatriates moving to Raleigh should be aware that there are occasionally seasons of drought to endure and it has been known for the city to be hit by tornadoes and hurricanes. Luckily, this does not happen very often.
Non-US citizens need a visa to enter the country, but visas for the United States only entitle the holder to travel to the country; they do not guarantee that an individual will be granted entry. Visas are typically obtained from one of the United States diplomatic missions before traveling to the US, with some exceptions available for visa-free short term visits under the Visa Waiver Program (VWP).
Anybody who intends to take up indefinite or permanent residence in the United States needs to apply for an immigrant visa, which allows them to be processed for a Permanent Resident Card - usually referred to as a green card.
There are also various visa categories available for work purposes, ranging from a Temporary Business Visitor visa (B-1) to employer-sponsored immigration visa categories. You can learn more about visas for the United States in our various articles on Visa & Administration in the USA. | <urn:uuid:3b77d902-6fb6-4078-8426-7ff17916403b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.internations.org/raleigh-expats/guide/moving-to-raleigh-17893 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00236-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955416 | 539 | 1.90625 | 2 |
AVmail: September 23, 2013
Letter of the Week:
Fly the Airplane
The old saying of "I can type at 80 words a minute but I can't fly" applies, in my opinion, to a high percentage of airline pilots around the world.
Belatedly, in April of this year, the FAA issued a safety alert for operators, the purpose of which was to encourage operators to promote manual flight operations when appropriate. At least the FAA appears to be the first regulator to take action to tackle the world-wide pilot tendency for automation addiction. This addiction has seen many loss-of-control events that involved pilots being so wedded to the automatic pilot that [pilots] have lost basic instrument flying skills, if they had any in the first place.
Manufacturers like Boeing and Airbus have long realized that pilots who fly their aircraft are not necessarily competent to do so, hence the chase for more automation to minimize the opportunities for pilots to fly by hand, where incompetents are more likely to cause accidents.
While it is easy to say this must be due to poor training, there will always be the politically sensitive issue of ethnic cultural mores. The manufacturers can never admit this since they wish to sell to all customers, including those well known for having a society culture that inevitably clashes with standard flight safety understanding that can lead to a culture of "Real Men Don't Go Around."
Until regulators are convinced that they must initiate firm action to address the ever- widening gap between automation dependency and airline pilots' basic instrument manual flying skills, the risk of loss of control in IMC is bound to continue.
Manufacturers are caught between a rock and a hard place. They have little or no control over individual company training standards or pilot selection criteria. Their flight crew operations manuals rightly assume their aircraft will be flown by competent crews using the most sophisticated automation available. In other words, crews will have a high standard of automation and manual flying skills. The accident record reveals otherwise.
Airline operations departments must in the future pay more than lip service to the need for manual flying skills. This is because a significant number of airline pilots remain apprehensive of anything other than full automation during line flying. Of course, there are occasions when manual flight is inappropriate during line flying. In that case, the skills gap has to be closed by the only other means [available], and that is in the simulator. Extra simulator training may be expensive but nothing like the cost of an accident.
The solution is to schedule a much greater percentage of manual flying on instruments during simulator training than now happens.
To counteract the insidious nature of automation dependency, regulators must lead the way and not assume operators will do it for them. If [a lack of] raw data manual skills are a growing problem, then properly targeted simulator training is essential to stop the rot. Cultural issues cannot be allowed to trump good airmanship.
Bells and Whistles
Shelly Lipman pointed out a serious problem, not only in avionics but increasingly in gadgets of all type.
That problem is that the people who design our devices have little or no actual understanding of the conditions under which they will be used. The Superwhizbang GPS40000XL looks great sitting on the ramp at Reno, with the tech rep pointing out all of the wonderful features ("... and this button lets you find a motel based on the color of their bedspreads ..."), but when the designer puts the most important and frequently used features in a sub-menu, he obviously has no clue about trying to fly in adverse conditions or with an in-flight emergency.
Or consider simple communications. The most important controls on a radio are volume and squelch. You want to be able to instantly turn down the noise or rapidly drop the squelch to hear a weak station, especially with the handheld radio that someone might be carrying into the FBO or after an off-airport landing. Yet at least one major handheld manufacturer uses pushbuttons for volume and hides the squelch control in a menu, making them harder to use.
All of the bells and whistles are nice to have, but not at the expense of basic usability.
Another mistake is made when style overrides simplicity. Somewhere along the way, someone decided that switches are ugly, and actually knowing which control does what is less important than the overall look of a cockpit. Labels became cryptic and difficult to read under perfect conditions, much less at night or in clouds.
Even my Cessna 150 fell victim to this, with important switches hidden under the pilot's yoke, labeled in tiny white characters (at least, they were before the silkscreening wore off) that disappear under anything but optimal lighting conditions. Yet Cessna left 16 square inches of unused panel space below the throttle! And who decided to put the pitot heat switch between the switches for dome lights and nav lights?
It's easier to find your way around the panel of the Apollo Command Module than some of today's planes. Worse is the tendency to camouflage knobs and switches against backgrounds of the same color, especially black on black.
Contrast this to military planes. Not only does every control have a clear, easy-to-read legend, but knobs are in colors contrasting with the background (usually gray on black). Sure, there are a lot more switches and knobs in an F-15 than a 150, but Eagle drivers spend hours learning the position of every control in the cockpit.
The bottom line is that function is more important than feng shui, and the people who design the stuff we use need to keep this in mind.
Cessna's Military Strike
This aircraft with the straight wings and the aft mounted engines could be a good replacement for the aging but able A-10 Warthog. An unsolicited proposal may be risky but could be right to fill the niche since Fairchild Republic is no longer around to do a modern version of the A-10.
I thought perhaps you might publish an article with the highlights of the 2013 Air Races, which finished September 15.
We dropped the ball on Reno coverage this year, Pete, and we apologize to all our readers. We'll do better next year. | <urn:uuid:1ac2641f-3168-4349-8647-143faf9ce37f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.avweb.com/news/reader-mail/AVmail-September-23-2013-220617-1.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719286.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00499-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952612 | 1,278 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Philip Kitcher is the John Dewey Professor of Philosophy at Columbia University. Living With Darwin: Evolution, Design, and the Future of Faith, Kitcher’s most recent book, is both a defense of Darwin and an exploration of the meaning behind the clash of religion and modern science. Kitcher is also the author of Abusing Science: The Case Against Creationism, The Lives to Come: The Genetic Revolution and Human Possibilities, Vaulting Ambition: Sociobiology and the Quest for Human Knowledge, Science, Truth, and Democracy, and In Mendel’s Mirror. In the article below Kitcher explores how easy it is to hide from the truth.
Finally, in his State of the Union message, President Bush acknowledged that climate change is a problem. Whether he understands the magnitude of the problem or is prepared for the kinds of measures that are needed to address it remains unclear. But, from many Americans, and especially from people in other countries who have been concerned about global warming for many years, there have been huge sighs of relief. At the same time, there’s an obvious question – why has it taken so long?
The broad outlines of the answer are fairly clear. During recent years, some writers whose conclusions appeal to the values of the President and his advisers, have muddied the waters about climate change. They have employed familiar tactics, casting doubt on any consensus among experts by ignoring the large agreements and concentrating on those places where scientists debate the details. Structurally, the case is much like the long-running battle about evolution: you make it seem as though there is no consensus by judiciously quoting from researchers who are actively involved in discussing unsettled questions, but who agree in a fundamental core framework that you don’t bother to mention.
Behind these two examples lies a deeper problem about the ways the achievements of the sciences are received in American society. Like many academics and research scientists, I have an optimistic view about the possibilities for human progress. I tend to think that, as more is discovered about the world in which we live and about our place in it, exciting new pieces of knowledge should be spread widely and used to make everyone’s lives better. So, when some people resist the established claims of science, a natural first response is irritation: why are they being so stubborn, clinging to bits of exploded superstition?
The answer, very often, is that particular pieces of scientific knowledge are viewed as threatening. Acknowledging the truth about global warming would unsettle those who believe in the unfettered rights of oil companies to drill and of auto-makers to produce gas-guzzling behemoths. Acknowledging the truth about Darwin would raise worrying questions about religious belief (or so many people think). So the pressure for “alternative science” becomes strong, and we lose opportunities to craft our policies according to the best knowledge we have. As this occurs, as the idea of “alternatives” to received scientific wisdom becomes firmly entrenched, any conception of real expertise starts to erode. The media fragments into economic niches, where “information” is passed on to consumers in ways that accord with prior values – or prior prejudices. Debate about difficult issues becomes ever more difficult because we can’t agree on the basic facts.
The continued debate about Darwin is a symptom of a serious underlying disease. It’s useful to think about that debate as an example of the deeper problems, trying to understand how scientific work that is as firmly established as any piece of research can be regarded as questionable. Darwin’s defenders need to get beyond the sense of irritation, to recognize that advances in knowledge can pose genuine threats to people’s beliefs and to their lives. It’s important to appreciate that trumpeting the Great New Enlightenment often seems like bullying, and that the distant pundits who scoff at superstition sound less trustworthy than apparently friendly champions of “alternative views” that are more sympathetic to those who feel the threat.
In trying to help people see that we have to learn to live with Darwin it doesn’t help much to thump the table and declare that Intelligent Design isn’t REAL science. Our criteria for identifying “real science” are not sharp, and, in any case, there was a time in the history of inquiry in which something very like Intelligent Design was a cornerstone of scientific investigation. That last fact provides a clue about what’s needed: people should be given clear, straightforward explanations of how Darwinism came to triumph, and how the evidence in its favor continues to roll in.
Because of the perceived impact on religious beliefs and values, that won’t be enough. So long as Darwin is seen as the bogeyman, no amount of evidence will counter the charm of smooth advertisements for faith-friendly alternatives. Many religious scientists try to convince the public that fears are unfounded – we can have God and Darwin too, they say. Yet the worried Christians – including our President – who worry that Darwin is the apostle of godlessness have a point. There’s a real threat here.
The world contains lots of different kinds of religion, and our thought about “Science versus Religion” is likely to go astray unless we distinguish them. The main thrust of the Darwinian view tells against the sort of religious belief that thinks of the universe as created with a purpose: Darwin makes the history of life look, at best, like a great shaggy-dog story. Beyond that, Darwin is part of a large cluster of scientific traditions, that have studied the formation of religious texts, the history of religions, the social forces that cause religions to spread and change, the psychological aspects of what people count as “religious experiences”, and the enormous diversity of the world’s religions. This cluster of investigations causes a lot of trouble for the idea that there are the kinds of supernatural entities invoked in many religions – no Christian Trinity, no Judaic God, no Allah, no ancestral spirits, no Hindu deities, and so forth. True enough, we’d be wrong to foreclose the possibility that the world contains things undreamed of in our current scientific picture. Maybe some future inquiries will disclose entities properly counted as supernatural. But we have every reason to think that those entities, if such there be, aren’t correctly describable in terms of the myths we’ve inherited from the past.
Some forms of religion – those that give up their stories as literal truths and see those stories as significant allegories – survive the scientific case, but for many devout people, those forms of religion have conceded far too much. Given this attitude, the resistance to Darwin is likely to continue, and is likely to be part of a sense of science as alien and threatening. Once that attitude becomes prevalent, we’re well on our way to the deep problem of a muddled society in which people give up on “objective expertise” and pick their news sources on the basis of comfort. They report, so that we can maintain our previous decisions.
How do we get beyond this impasse? Not by shouting at people about “the God delusion”. Religion is immensely important to people, and, although it’s easy to point to the ways in which religious belief has caused serious harm, it’s also necessary to appreciate its social and personal functions. Religious beliefs play an important role in people’s sense of their own lives, explaining why those lives matter. Religion also offers genuine community with others, providing spaces for joint ethical commitment and joint action. You don’t end this heated debate by simply telling folk to brace up – or to take their scientific medicine so that they’ll feel better in the morning. They won’t.
Our society faces an important challenge: how do we make the best use of the best information we have, honoring the scientific evidence, while simultaneously answering to the needs that religion has traditionally served? How do we reclaim a shared conception of what is really well-supported and what is not? How do we rediscover a notion of objective expertise so that all of us can be satisfied in bringing in the experts to advise us on our predicament? The reluctance of the President and his advisors to accept the idea of objective experts who defend conclusions at odds with their preferred policies and their firmly-entrenched “values” underscores the urgency of our need to give up hiding from the truth. We have a long way to go before we can actually make the best use of the knowledge we’ve acquired – but to take the first steps, we should understand just where we are.
To learn more about Kitcher click here. | <urn:uuid:2fd89834-a346-4f35-b8bf-3b4cc0f3261f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.oup.com/2007/01/hiding_from_the/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.959078 | 1,797 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Reducing mankind’s carbon footprint has become the defining issue of our time and rightly so. Virtually every level of government has policies to reduce greenhouse gases by regulating everything from industrial CO2 emissions to cow flatulence.
But as Kermit the Frog said, “It’s not easy being green.”
It turns out that some good ideas don’t work well – or not at all. Still, the government continues to mandate them.
For example, a three-year study funded by the Department of Energy confirmed that producing ethanol from corn and corn stalks creates more greenhouse gases than it prevents. Despite this, the government still mandates its use in gasoline and diesel.
Wind turbines are costly and still kill thousands of birds a year. On the best wind energy sites, those towering turbines generate electricity about 40 percent of the time. Nevertheless, the President wants to continue taxpayer subsidies for another 30 years.
The solar energy industry has been plagued by bad loans and bankruptcies, and despite billions of dollars in taxpayer subsidies, solar energy produces only 0.2 percent of our nation’s electricity, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.
What about energy efficiency? Is that a foolproof way to reduce greenhouse gases? Well, that depends.
Analysts have discovered that certified “green” buildings actually can use more energy than standard buildings.
Much of the controversy centers on LEED, the country’s primary green building accreditation program. Operated by the nonprofit U.S. Green Building Council, LEED (Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design) certification has become the gold standard for energy efficient buildings.
But LEED certification doesn’t guarantee energy efficiency.
For example, the Bank of America Tower in New York received a platinum level LEED certification as “the world’s most environmentally responsible high-rise” when it opened in
- But a 2013 study by the city revealed that the billion-dollar building generates more greenhouse gases and uses more energy than any other office tower its size in Manhattan.
LEED officials point out that how tenants use a building has a big impact on actual energy usage. In an attempt to quantify that, the Building Council is requiring all newly certified buildings to provide their energy and water bills for the first five years.
What’s the situation in Washington?
Since 2005, the state has mandated that new and renovated public buildings meet one of three “green” building standards, including LEED. A 2011 audit found problems saying it is difficult to evaluate the program because of incomplete reporting by state agencies – a problem that persists today.
Because not all state buildings have individual utility meters and the types of buildings varies greatly (office buildings, prisons, welding shops, etc.) tracking utility usage and comparing “apples to apples” with traditional buildings is difficult.
It has been nine years since the state launched its “green” building program and Washington still lacks a comprehensive system to track performance. While computer projections suggest significant benefits, they cannot be verified until the actual electricity and water usage are determined.
Architect Sidney Hunt, with the Department of Enterprise Services, is working to develop a metering program that will track energy and water usage for every certified state building. His mantra is, “You can’t manage what you don’t measure.”
Gov. Inslee wants to expand “green” building certification in the private sector. But LEED certified buildings cost more. Are we sure the benefits are worth the added cost? Could the money be better spent on more effective environmental measures? We need to ask – and answer – those questions.
As we’ve seen with ethanol, wind power and solar energy, actual performance doesn’t always measure up. We need to make sure our “green” buildings program works as promised.
Don C. Brunell is a business analyst, writer and columnist. He recently retired as president of the Association of Washington Business, the state’s oldest and largest business organization, and now lives in Vancouver. He can be contacted at theBrunells@msn.com. | <urn:uuid:022dbff9-2983-4205-89d2-e374a772d900> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.camaspostrecord.com/news/2014/aug/05/its-not-easy-being-green/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00310-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943339 | 862 | 3.296875 | 3 |
Shuttle Bagpipes offer a unique, enjoyable alternative to the Highland Pipes that are seen and heard so often today. Mainstays of 17th century music, Shuttle Bagpipes are smaller in size, but retain a full resonant sound. Maple cylinders, or "shuttles" are bored in such a way to maintain a small overall size while supporting long drones. This model, also crafted of Maple, offers two drones, a tenor and bass tuned via the slides, with a chanter in A. Walsh pipes display meticulous craftsmanship, an ideal alternative for the piper wanting an instrument that blends well with fiddles & whistles. Case included. | <urn:uuid:9394a29d-39a2-4e60-9f96-55d78feff60b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://larkinthemorning.com/collections/bagpipes/products/bag057 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.944249 | 137 | 1.945313 | 2 |
How do you get heart disease ? Heart healthy foods. Heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women. - Centers for Disease Control (CDC)
Prevent heart disease with this heart-healthy grocery list! #healthy
Fight Heart Disease With These Heart Healthy Foods. Keep the ticker ticking.
What are the BEST foods for your heart? Find out more and great recipes that use each of these foods at sensualappealblog.com GREAT resource!
Heart healthy foods More
Have you ever considered the paleo diet? It's a healthy way to eat but takes some time getting used to. Learn the pro/cons of this diet and how to incorporate it into your lifestyle! #paleo
Superfood Secrets for Transforming Your Health - The Healing Foods Diet
Keep your heart healthy. 33 heart healthy foods. #heart #health http://papasteves.com/blogs/news
Weight loss smoothie recipes – Diet smoothie recipes
Leafy Green Vegetables - INFOGRAPHIC. Greens are the No. 1 food you can eat regularly to help improve your health. #eatright #leafygreens | <urn:uuid:59af0316-f2e6-4158-8f13-d2063d1cbacb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://au.pinterest.com/explore/heart-diseases-list/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00196-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.880214 | 237 | 1.953125 | 2 |
I know that I'm not the only teen who homeschools. So, here is a thread for other homedchoolers to talk on since I could not find one. Talk on!5
Hi! I'm a homeschooler. :) I love it.
Me too. :) I'm also an independent homeschooler, so I sort of school myself. My mom helps some, of course. But, for example, since I teach myself, I'm going to use this summer to help broaden my horizons on my own by working for 1 month on different things.
I'm semi-independent, I guess. My mom decides on the curriculum and everything, then each week she gives my twin sister and me a list of schoolwork. We decide what we want to do when.
I love writing, and homeschooling lets me do that. I can take an afternoon off from school to write a story and finish my work on the weekend.
My neighbor loves that my family homeschools because she often needs babysitters for her three boys. :)
Yeah, I know. :) I doubt that I would be able to pursue writing and cooking the way that I have if I wasn't homeschooled. And I also would not be as accomplased in both fields. I can also chhose which langues I want to learn better than in a public high school.
Cool! What languages are you learning?
This year I'm doing Spanish, and I've been studying Latin for several years. I like Spanish better though.
Do you do a homeschool co-op or anything like that? I'm in two homeschool groups.
One is kinda like a school; we do two semesters a year and I take four classes every semester. Stuff like Current Events, art, Shakespeare, Newsletter (one of my all-time favorites) and any writing class I can be in! (Especially if my mom's the teacher.)
The other homeschool group does a ton of field trips. The zoo, a Civil War fort, plays at community colleges...oh yeah, and we go to an opera in Philadelphia (at the Academy of Music) a couple of times a year. It's always amazing.
Um.... I'm going to be learning Irish first. I'm actually doing a lot of that in the summer. After Irish, I'm either going to do Latin or French.
I also do do a co-op. The classes that I take in it are art, Americain History, Writing, and Chemistry.
That's cool. So you like to cook?
I love cooking! It's great! I mostly bake yeast breads.
I've always wanted to bake bread. I don't know, it seems very old-fashioned and cool to me. But I'm a terror in the kitchen. I can make cupcakes; that's pretty much it. xD
Cupcakes made from scratch or a box? Also, the yeast bread is really easy. All that you really need is yeast, water, flour, salt, and plenty of time.
Box. XD I'm not much of a cook. My friend's mom made bread for us last night; it was really good.
Are you doing schoolwork through the summer?
Yep, I came up with my own curriculum. :) I'm going to learn Irish, or as much as I can, and also do lititure, writing, cooking, and medical science.
I do online school, which is "technically" public, but I consider myself homeschooled. Been doing it since 2nd grade; it's so awesome. I'm learning Latin right now...Id amo! dragonsandthree, I really want to learn Irish because I'm currently going through this phase where I'm OBSESSED with the Dubliners (the group, not the book... OhmyGodthey'resoawesome) and, consequently, Ireland. However, the written part terrifies me. There are about a million languages I want to learn, so I want to finish up Latin, learn Italian, and then maybe I'll look into Irish.
Is it just me, though, or is it sort of irritating how people always ask how you socialize? I mean, I guess it's nice that I get to educate them a little about how it works, but GEEZ! Anyone?
Yeah, I know what you mean.
Hi I am homeschooled
Hey ya I'm home schooled | <urn:uuid:3e722081-9f6b-459d-abd5-9eefa9650356> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.teenink.com/forums?act=post&topic_id=7&thread_id=74932 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00009-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.981857 | 928 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Officials express confidence in voting security amid early technical glitches
Federal and state officials expressed confidence Tuesday in the security of the voting process, noting that while the infrastructure in Georgia and Ohio were experiencing technical difficulties, the election process remained secure.
“Let me be clear, our election infrastructure is resilient, we have no indication that a foreign actor has succeeded in compromising or affecting the actual votes cast in this election,” acting Homeland Security Secretary Chad Wolf said at a press conference Tuesday.
The Department of Homeland Security’s Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) serves as one of the federal leaders on election security and is working throughout the day Tuesday, and the days after the elections, to monitor for election threats.
Election security has been a major area of concern in the months leading up to Election Day, and particularly following Director of National Intelligence John Ratcliffe’s announcement last month that Iran and Russia had gained access to U.S. voter data and were using it to send threatening emails to voters in at least three states.
CISA Director Christopher Krebs also told reporters Tuesday that federal officials “have addressed those threats” but urged vigilance as voters head to the polls and as the vote count begins.
“We’re not out of the woods yet though, today in some senses is halftime, there may be other events or activities or efforts to interfere and undermine confidence in the election,” Krebs said. “I would ask all Americans to be patient, to treat all sensational and unverified claims with skepticism, and remember, technology sometimes fails and works, we are already seeing some early indications of system disruptions, so again I ask you to be patient and to seek trusted sources of information.”
A senior CISA official said on a separate press call Tuesday that potential threats throughout Election Day that federal, state and local elections officials were monitoring for included election website defacements, distributed denial-of-service attacks and ransomware attacks, which have taken down systems across the nation increasingly over the past year.
Krebs’s comments came amid a few early voting glitches, most notably in Spalding County, Ga., which is located south of Atlanta and where all voting machines were temporarily down early Tuesday morning.
According to WSB-TV Channel 2 in Atlanta, a top county official said the county had experienced a glitch that caused systems to go down countywide, and that around 2,000 provisional ballots were being sent to voting locations to enable voters to cast a ballot.
Spalding County did not immediately respond to The Hill’s request for comment on the voting issues, but a source told The Hill that the technical issue was related to problems with the county’s voter file download system, which hurt the ability to check voters using the electronic pollbooks.
The Spalding County Sheriff’s Office wrote in a Facebook post Tuesday that “the computers at all polling locations across Spalding County are down. The problem is being worked on and hopefully will be resolved quickly. Until the issue is fixed, paper ballots are being used at all locations.”
A spokesperson for Dominion Voting Systems, the voting equipment manufacturer that was awarded a contract by Georgia state officials to implement new voting systems last year, told The Hill that the company had “tech support onsite to assist the county with real-time help and all challenges are being addressed as quickly as possible.”
Georgia has faced multiple voting concerns this year, with malfunctioning election equipment and consolidated polling sites causing long lines in some Atlanta-area counties during the primary elections earlier this year. There were also technical glitches during the first day of early voting last month that caused long lines at one polling site in Atlanta.
Spalding County was not alone in experiencing Election Day technical glitches. Officials in Franklin County, Ohio, were forced to switch to paper pollbooks to check voters in at the polls after a technical issue limited their ability to upload all registration information into electronic check-in systems.
The office of Ohio Secretary of State Frank LaRose (R) put out a statement early Tuesday noting that the paper pollbooks were required in every county as a backup measure to ensure technical glitches did not impede the ability of voters to cast ballots.
“Secretary LaRose directed every board of elections to have paper pollbooks as a contingency plan to ensure the integrity of the system and so no voter may vote twice,” LaRose’s office tweeted. “It will not impact the security or accuracy of today’s vote.”
Watchdog group Common Cause noted in a morning update emailed to reporters that polling places in nine states had opened late on Election Day, but that these were “typical issues” that had been resolved.
The senior CISA official emphasized that the system glitches seen early on Election Day were not caused by any malicious hacking activity.
“What we’re really stressing is that when you see technology challenges or failures, more often than not, it is very, very, very rarely a cyber-related incident, it is typically a technology challenge, a misconfiguration, a failure,” the official told reporters. “Based on everything we have seen, that is what is going on out there.”
Officials were also monitoring for disinformation and misinformation that could negatively impact voting on Election Day. CISA stood up a rumor control website to address concerns around the voting process as part of an effort to push back against any potential issues.
One example of malicious disinformation came Monday night, when Michigan Attorney General Dana Nessel (D) warned that residents of Dearborn, Mich., were being targeted by text messages trying to suppress the vote by saying there were “ballot sensor issues,” urging residents to “not fall for it.”
The Washington Post reported that around 10 million robocalls were directed at Michigan and Florida residents over the past several weeks warning potential voters to “stay safe and stay home” and not go to the polls.
A senior CISA official noted Tuesday to reporters that the agency was aware of the incidents, adding that while they “would expect to see more of that,” state officials were “on top of it.”
Krebs told reporters during the morning press conference with Wolf that it was important for Americans to maintain confidence in the security of the voting process and to have patience as an expected influx of mail-in ballots were counted.
“Keep calm, vote on, and after today, keep calm, and let them count,” Krebs said. | <urn:uuid:1431d918-6b54-44f1-b579-bea875a87758> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thehill.com/policy/cybersecurity/524193-officials-express-confidence-in-voting-security-amid-early-technical/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.975543 | 1,359 | 1.804688 | 2 |
The exhibition curated by Konstantin Grcic lives online.
“What interests me about industrial design is how these things are made, in what material, and how this has affected their language and their quality,” explains Konstantin Grcic. “Some objects are very technically-driven; the function really determines the object. Other objects have much more of a signature or an authorship; you see the handwriting of the designer who made it and that’s what makes it so special.”
Grcic’s selection for “Design Real” focuses on “real” items all conceived in the last decade: mass-produced products that have a practical function in everyday life. The exhibition presents a wide range of objects by leading international designers and manufacturers, from furniture and household products to technical and industrial innovations.
By highlighting objects that have made a significant impact on our lives, the exhibition provides new perspectives from which to look at the material world around us and encourages new insights into design.
Design Real features a space specially designed by Grcic, where projections expand on themes developed in the exhibition and visitors can investigate the origins and applications of the products on view.
A dedicated internet site www.design-real.com (online starting next week) is the exhibition’s central resource and integral to its concept.
Researched with the help of students from Camberwell College, London (UK), ECAL, Lausanne (CH), ENSAD, Paris (F) and studio Jonathan Olivares Design Research, Boston (USA), a total of 43 objects have been examined carefully in order to create a database that provides the necessary background information – material, producer/designer, production methods and interesting clues… –, which transform a beautiful object into an actual “design” object.
Check out the new database.
The exhibition curated by Konstantin Grcic in collaboration with Alex Rich and Jürg Lehni is on show at the Serpentine Gallery, Kensington Gardens, London, from November 26, 2009, to February 7, 2010.
Thursday, November 26, starting at 7pm
Lecture Theatre Victoria & Albert Museum
Grcic discusses his vision behind the exhibition with Alice Rawsthorn, design critic of the International Herald Tribune.
Abitare © All rights reserved | <urn:uuid:51c4c5c5-9c6f-4b81-bb74-edab60437597> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.abitare.it/en/events/2009/11/24/design-real-2-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.937422 | 490 | 1.984375 | 2 |
STEGO, Inc. Datasheets for Internet of Things (IoT) Software
Internet of Things (IoT) software programs the networks, devices, and machines that are connected to the Internet, people, and each other.
Internet of Things (IoT) Software: Learn more
|Easy! STEGO CONNECT is the IIoT platform solution that uses IO-Link technology to enable organizations to get on with automation in no time. Just do it: Plug & Connect! EASY...| | <urn:uuid:d22bcd85-2ffc-4f28-aed0-e0bb52708071> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://datasheets.globalspec.com/ps/6297/Stego | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.81932 | 117 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Being in a relationship can be confusing and there are some things that you need to know before you are in a relationship or to make the relationship that you are in better.
Here are some things that you should know:
Your partner is meant to be your partner and they are not meant to complete you in your life. They are not the piece of the puzzle that is missing.
Even though your partner should make you happy and should let you have fun, they should not be the only person in your life that you go to or that you expect to be there for you. You should be able to live your life in a single fashion, as if they weren’t there.
You need to know that you can survive if your partner is with you or not. You should never have fear that your partner would leave you and that your life would be over.
Relationships Outside of the Relationship
You and your partner should both have friends outside of the relationship. You should spend a lot of your time together, but you should also spend a lot of your time apart.
There should be people in your life such as friends, family, and other people that you spend time with when you don’t take your partner with you. This can be going out for a girls night or having dinner at your parents’ house.
Arguing But Not Breaking Up
You and your partner will argue and fight. This is part of life and part of reality. Everyone argues and has disagreements here and there.
Just because you and your partner fight or bicker over things that are small doesn’t mean that the relationship is going to end. You should never have fear that the relationship is going to be over just because you had a blowup.
It is important that you and your partner have space from each other. This can mean you need to take a long bath or take a nap.
Having time away from you and your partner makes the relationship much healthier. You should have me time and they should have they time. This can help you to have healthy boundaries and to have a stronger relationship.
If you are spending all of your time together and you never take time to have your own space, you will find that your relationship will be lacking and that you will get aggravated with each other easier.
You don’t have to always sit around and talk to your partner day in and day out, but you can take a break to do things you enjoy on your own.
Attraction is Real
Just because you are with someone doesn’t mean that you are blind to other people in your life. You will see people that you think are attractive and you may even do some harmless flirting. If you do this, it is okay as long as it never goes past that.
Make sure that you are keeping your communication open with your partner and be honest about the idea that there are people that are just as good looking like your partner. You should never expect that you will not find each other attractive when you hook up with your partner but know that this attraction will last as long as you are together. | <urn:uuid:410b3cb5-8637-498c-9075-444f06fbeb32> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lifematesnow.com/when-your-partner-isnt-meant-to-be-complete-you/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.981716 | 645 | 2.046875 | 2 |
NEW! StoryMap “History and Archaology of Pniel 6, South Africa”. Learn about research an interactive way.
On 27 May 2022 Inèz Faul presented at the Association of Southern African Professional Archaeologists (ASAPA) online conference her paper: “The Geoarchaeology of the southern Kalahari Pans: The case of the Tsabong Early and Middle Stone Age landscapes”.
We welcome to the team our Kiel University Master students Helena Pribliczki, Sophia Politt (beide MINERVA Project) and Rowena Winterhalder (KHO Project).
Some information about our projects in now available in Afrikaans. We are working on translating more of the homepage.
We successfully finished our first KHO project field season in the Kgalagadi district of Botswana in January 2022. More information coming soon.
Welcome to Inez Faul as PhD student to Kiel University and the KHO project from 15. October 2021!
New paper: Rhodes, S.E., Goldberg, P., Ecker, M., Horwitz, L.K., Boaretto, E. and Chazan, M., 2021. Exploring the Later Stone Age at a micro-scale: New high-resolution excavations at Wonderwerk Cave. Quaternary International. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2021.10.004
Welcome to Helena Pribliczki as student assisstant to the KHO project from 1. September 2021!
Pressemitteilung zu unserem Projektstart: uni-kiel.de/de/detailansic…
Press release of the university for our project start: uni-kiel.de/en/details/new…
New paper: Ecker, M., Bank. C.-G., Chazan, M., Chen, Y., Green, G., Morris, D., Stoikopoulos, N., Shadrach, K., Stratford, D., Duke, H., 2021. Revisiting Pniel 6: the 2017-2019 excavations. South African Archaeological Bulletin 76(214), 57-69.
We are looking for a PhD student in Geoarchaeology/Physical Geography/Quaternary Science to join the team. Application deadline is 21st May 2021.
New paper: Lukich, V. & Ecker, M. 2021. Pleistocene environments in the southern Kalahari of South Africa. Quaternary International, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2021.03.008. | <urn:uuid:daca4467-0d62-46c6-a459-a5bf0689c154> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kho-project.com/home/news-archive/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.752747 | 601 | 1.78125 | 2 |
The global political architecture is undergoing a transformation with power increasingly shifting from the West to the East, according to most political observers.1 The two most populous nations, China and India, are on their way to becoming economic powerhouses and are shedding their reticence in asserting their global profiles. Japan is gradually raising its military profile and the Southeast Asian economies are back in business after the setbacks of the 1997 financial crisis. Whether it is such hopeful prospects or the challenges ahead in the Korean peninsula, Taiwan, and Kashmir, it is clear that this new century will, in all likelihood, be an Asian century.
The future of this Asian century will to a large extent depend upon the relationship between the two regional giants, China and India. According to the United States National Intelligence Council Report titled “Mapping the Global Future,” by 2020, the international community will have to confront the military, political and economic dimensions of the rise of China and India. This report likened the emergence of China and India in the early 21st century to the rise of Germany in the 19th and America in the20th, with impacts potentially as dramatic.2 The import of their bilateral relationship is not lost on China and India. In one of his meetings with the Indian Prime Minister, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao is reported to have remarked: “When we shake hands, the whole world will be watching.”3 As of today, however, the trajectory of the India-China relationship remains as complex as ever and difficult to decipher despite positive developments in the last few years.
The puzzle that this article attempts to explore is the lack of a coherent Indian foreign policy approach vis-à-vis China despite the fact that China is India’s nearest rival for geo-political influence. According to standard realist theoretical paradigm in international relations, states respond to their structural conditions and do their utmost to tackle the most prominent challenges to their security. Yet, Indian foreign policy seems to have been unable to forge a coherent response towards a rising China that affects its security interests in many ways.
This article is not an attempt to explicate India-China relations in detail. 4 Rather it is an attempt to examine the reasons for the lack of a long-term strategic vision in India’s China policy. This article argues that this lack of a strategic approach has to do with domestic political constraints that have made it difficult for India to carve out a coherent foreign policy vis-à-vis China. While China has displayed a remarkable consistency in its dealings with India, India seems satisfied in muddling along from one high-level visit to another and anxious to keep China pleased. The absence of a guiding strategic framework in India’s China policy can have grave implications for India’s national security interests as well as for its emergence as a global player.
While realising fully well that it would take decades to seriously compete with the US for global hegemony, China has focused its strategic energies on Asia. Its foreign policy is aimed at enhancing its economic and military prowess to achieve regional hegemony in Asia. China’s recent emphasis on projecting its rise as peaceful is aimed at allaying the concerns of its neighbours lest they try to counterbalance its growing influence.5 China’s readiness to negotiate with other regional states and to be an economically “responsible” power is also a signal to other states that there are greater benefits in allying with China rather than opposing its rise in any manner. China realises that it has thrived because it devoted itself to economic development while letting the US police the region and the world. Even asit decries American hegemony, its leaders envision P ax Americana extending well into the 21st century, at least until China becomes a middle-class society and, if present trends continue, the world’s largest economy.
However, while declaring that it will be focusing on internal socioeconomic development for the next few decades, China has actively pursued policies to prevent the rise of other regional powers, or at least to limit their development relative to itself. In case of India, this manifests itself in its cultivation of Pakistan as a close ally. From supplying nuclear and missile technologies to building its military infrastructure, China has d one all it can to help Pakistan be an effective counterweight to India. And this policy has largely succeeded. While India no longer seems to enjoy its earlier conventional superiority vis-à-vis Pakistan,6 possession of nuclear weapons by both nations ensures that any step that India takes to strengthen its nuclear weapons profile is viewed by the international community as highly d estabilising in the context of the fear of South Asia becoming a “nuclear flashpoint”. China has thereby been successful inemerging as a “responsible” global player, despite its questionable nuclear and missile proliferation record, while the international community rails at India for making the world much more dangerous.
China’s attempts to increase its influence in Nepal, Bangladesh, and Myanmar, its territorial claims on parts of India such as Arunachal Pradesh, its lack of support for India’s membership to the United Nations Security Council and other regional and global organisations, all point towards China’s attempts at preventing the rise of India as a regional and global player. It is this strategy that China has consistently pursued. In fact, this strategy has been so successful that some observers feel India is off China’s diplomatic radar.7 This perception apparently is undergoing a revision as other major powers, especially the US, start courting India. The US is already looking at India as an important ally and the recently signed Indo-US civilian nuclear cooperation agreement is a testament to the growing strength of US-India ties. It is instructive that after US declared its ambition of helping India achieve the status of world power, China reacted swiftly and since then has been referring to India as a global power as opposed to a regional one, a formulation that China preferred before.
In contrast to China’s well-laid out policy vis-à-vis India, India has from time to time oscillated from going ballistic over China to a sort of acquiescence. There appears to be no coherent long-term strategy vis-à Indian v is its most important neighbour. This is despite the fact that a growing volume of literature analysing Sino-Indian relations points toward the inevitability of a competitive rivalry between the two nations, which should alert Indian decision-makers of the need for a strategic approach vis-à-vis China.
In one of the most detailed studies of Sino-Indian relations in a historical perspective, John Garver makes a convincing case that India-China relations have, over the years, been shaped by a deep and enduring geo-political rivalry.8 According to Garver, the rivalry is rooted in the “decades-long, multi-layered, and frequently sharp conflict over the two states’ relations with the lands and peoples lying around and between them.” 9 Ashley Tell is takes this structura list approach further and argues that China and India as rising powers in Asia remain natural competitors, competing to increase their influence not only in South Asia but also outside South Asia proper. Tell is goes on to argue that India-China competition is not likely to mutate in to malignant rivalry in the near-term but if Indian and Chinese economic and military capabilities continue to grow at the current pace, there is a likelihood of this relationship turning into a dyadic rivalry.10
This conclusion is supported by Sumit Ganguly who also contends that any dramatic improvement in Sino-Indian ties is unlikely and the relations between the two will remain competitive.11 Mark Frazier agrees but argues that precisely because so many sources of dispute exist between China and India, both sides have come to recognise the need to prevent tensions from leading to an overt rivalry. Therefore, according to Frazier, a quiet competition is the most likely possibility.12 Many in India have also reached similar conclusions.13 While there are differences on the exact nature that Sino-Indian competition might take in the future, there seems to be a broad consensus that a host of factors point towards a competitive Sino-Indian relationship. The underlying thrust of the above arguments is that whether India likes it or not, the inherent competition for regional influence will always underpin the realities of the relationship and therefore, India needs to shape its foreign policy accordingly. But the Indian policy seems one of over emphasising the promising future potentials in the relationship and de-emphasising troublesome past and present realities. It might then seem puzzling that a nation, such as India, that hopes to be a major global player is so insouciant about its closest competitor.
There are a number of constraints that impede the development of a clear-eyed China policy in India. Some of these constraints reflect on the larger Indian foreign policy making while the others are China-specific.
Scholars of international politics have increasingly focused on culture as an important variable determining state behaviour in the international realm. Culture can refer both to a set of evaluative standards, such as norms or values, and to cognitive standards, such as rules or models defining what entities and actors exist in a system and how they operate and interrelate.14 It has been argued that the cultural environment affects not only the incentives for different kinds of state behaviour but also how states perceive themselves, or what is called state identity. 15 Cultural elements of a state’s domestic environment, thereby, become an important factor shaping the way national security interests are perceived by elites and the security policies of states.
While critics have argued that culture does not matter in global politics and foreign policy and cultural effects can be reduced to epiphenomena of the distribution of power and capabilities, culture is clearly one of the variables shaping a state’s foreign policy even if there are reasons to be cautious about its use in explaining political out comes.
A last air Ian Johnston argues that China has historically exhibited are latively consistent hard realpolitik strategic culture that has persisted across different time periods and continues to persist even in its present context when, according to him, China faces a threat environment that is most benign in several decades. China’s strategic behaviour exhibits a preference for offensive uses of force, mediated by a keen sensitivity to relative capabilities and Chinese decision-makers seem to have internalized this strategic culture.16 Johnston also notes that Chinese decision-maker stend to see territorial disputes as high-value conflicts, due in part to a historical sensitivity to threats to the territorial integrity of the state.17 This is of direct consequence for the future of India-China relations. This strategic culture provides Chinese decision-makers a set of clear principles as well as a long-term orientation in designing foreign policy.
Andrew Scobell argues that China’s foreign policy and its tendency to use military force are influenced not only by elite understandings of China’s own strategic tradition but also by their understanding of the strategic cultures of other states.18 In this respect, it is important to recognise that Chinese strategists continue to consider India as a militaristic, unstable, and threatening power, with an ambition of separating Tibet from China. In their view, India seeks to dominate its neighbours and foment conflict between China and other nations.19 This puts India in the category of Chinese rivals along with the US and Japan— states that, according to Chinese strategic elites, have menacing designs on China’s sovereignty and security.
In contrast, India’s ability to think strategically on issues of national security is at best questionable. George Tan ham, in his landmark study on Indian strategic thought, points out that Indian elites have shown little evidence of having thought coherently and systematically about national strategy. He argues that this lack of long-term planning and strategy owes largely to India’s historical and cultural developmental patterns. These include the Hindu view of life as largely unknowable, thereby being out sideman’s control and the Hindu concept of time as eternal, there by discouraging planning. As a consequence, Tan ham argues that India has been on the strategic defensive throughout its history, reluctant to assert itself except within the subcontinent.20
India’s former Minister for External Affairs, Jaswant Singh al so examined the evolution of strategic culture in Indian society and in its political decision-making class, with a particular reference to the post independence period. He finds Indian political elites lack the ability to think strategically about foreign policy and defence issues but he trains his guns on India’s first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, pointing to his “idealistic romanticism” and his unwillingness to institutionalise strategic thinking, policy formulation and implementation.21
It is ironical, however, that even when Jaswant Singh was the External Affairs Minister, there is little evidence that anything of substance really changed in so far as India’s China policy is concerned. For all the blame that Singh lays at Nehru’s doorsteps, even Singh and his Bharatiya Janata Party-led government did not move towards the institutionalisation of strategic thinking, policy formulation, and implementation. Perhaps, the Indian strategic culture became too powerful a constraint for him to over come.
A major consequence of the lack of a strategic culture is the perceptible absence of institutionalisation of foreign policy making in India. Indian democracy is sustained by a range of institutions — from the more for mal ones such as the executive, legislative, and the judiciary, to the less formalin the broader civil-society. It is these institutions that in large measure have allowed Indian democracy to thrive and flourish for nearly 60 years despite a number of constraints that have led to the failure of democracy in many other societies. However, in the realm of foreign policy, it is the lack of institutionalisation that has allowed a drift to set in and the absence of a long-term orientation. Some have laid the blame on Nehru for his unwillingness to construct a strategic planning architecture because he single-handedly shaped Indian foreign policy during the formative years of the democracy. 22 Yet it is evident that even his successors failed to pursue institutionalisation in a consistent manner.
The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)-led National Democratic Alliance(NDA) came to power in 1999 promising that it would establish a National Security Council (NSC) to analyse military, economic, and political threatsto the nation and to advise the government on meeting these challenges effectively.23 While it did set up the NSC in the late 1990s and defined its role in policy formulation, it neglected the institutionalisation of the NSC and the building up of its capabilities to play the role assigned to it, there by failing to underpin national security policymaking with structural and systematic institutional arrangements. Moreover, as has been pointed out, the way the NSC is structured makes long-term planning impossible, there by negating the very purpose of its formation and its effectiveness remains hostage to the weight of the National Security Advisor (NSA) in national politics.24 The NSA has become the most powerful authority on national security and sidelined the institution of the NSC. Personality once again has prevailed over the institution. At times important national security decisions were taken in an ad hoc manner without utilising the Cabinet Committee on Security and the Strategic Policy Group (comprising key secretaries, service chiefs, and heads of intelligence agencies).
While the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance came to power in2004 promising that it will make the NSC a professional and effective institution and blamed the NDA for making only cosmetic changes in the institutional arrangements,25 it has so far failed to make it work in an optimal manner whereby the NSC anticipates national security threats, coordinates the management of national security, and engenders long-term planning by generating new and bold ideas. An effective foreign policy institutional framework would not only identify the challenges but it would also develop a coherent strategy to deal with it, organise and motivate the bureaucracy and persuade and inform the public. The NSC, by itself, is not a panacea as witnessed in the inability of the NSC in the US to successfully mediate in bureaucratic wars and effectively coordinate policy. But the lack of an effective NSC in India is reflective of India’s ad hoc decision-making process in the realm of foreign policy. The fundamental problem, perhaps, is that those holding the levers of power succumb to the temptation of controlling institutions and awarding loyalists with assignments, sidelining competence. India cannot emerge as a global power or even a regional one unless it designs appropriate institutions to manage its national assets concomitant to India’s vision of itself as a major player in the international system.
In the specific case of India’s China policy, this lack of effective institutionalisation of policy-making has made it difficult for India to assess the implications of a rising China in its neighbourhood. In the absence of an effective strategic planning architecture, India’s China debate has remained just that, a debate, with no attempt at the highest echelons of foreign policy-making to evolve a coherent strategy towards China.
The Indian political establishment is fond of arguing that there is a distinct continuity that defines Indian foreign policy. One can relate this easily to the standard structural-realist theory of international politics, according to which states fashion their foreign policies in response to the systemic constraints imposed by the international system, and domestic politics is not an important variable in this process.26 In a certain sense, this holds true for Indian foreign policy in general. There have been relatively few dramatic shifts in Indian foreign policy over the years and these shifts have been engendered by larger systemic forces, such as the end of the Cold War and the disappearance of the Soviet Union.
In so far as India’s China policy is concerned, there is visible continuity in the official position of India. There is a consensus across Indian political spectrum for improving bilateral ties with China and for resolving Sino-Indian differences through dialogue.27 However, this official policy hides a broader debate in India about how to deal with China. It has been pointed out that there are three broad views in India on how to deal with China and they have been classified as the pragmatists, the hyperrealists, and the appeasers.28 The pragmatists view China as a long-term threat and as a competitor but argue that this competition can be managed by engaging China economically and balancing against China by emerging as a major power in the international system. The hyperrealists view China as a clear and present danger and would like India to contain China by for gin galliances around China’s periphery and by strengthening its military capabilities. The appeasers view China as a friendly and benevolent neighbour and would like India to engage it whole-heartedly since China, in their opinion, is not a threat to India in any way.
Along similar lines, Steven Hoffman has also delineated Indian perceptual positions on China.29 He has outlined three ideal types which he classifies as the Mainstream position, China-Is-Not-Hostile position, and China-Is-Hostile position. These ideal types closely correlate with the pragmatists, the appeasers, and the hyperrealists of the above-mention edtypology. The Mainstream Indian perspective on China, according to Hoffman, views China as a potential threat to Indian security threats but hopes that effective Indian diplomacy can avert any major problems in the future. The China-Is-Not-Hostile perspective holds that China is a rational and peace-loving state that does not have malevolent intentions vis-à-vis India. In marked contrast, the China-Is-Hostile position views China as a short and long-term strategic rival of India and calls for Indian diplomatic assertiveness vis-à-vis China.
The common perception in the early years of independent India was that India had lost its great power status due to internal strife and discord, coupled with a stagnating economy which did not keep pace with the technological advancements of its competitors. It was assumed that the global balance maintained by the superpowers through the Cold War could be used to contain external dangers and thus military preparedness could wait. This belief was shattered by the 1962 border conflict with China. The India-Pakistan war of 1965 revealed the extent of Sino-Pakistan collusion and the unwillingness of the superpowers to pull India’s chest nuts out of the fire. Subsequent enhanced reliance on a single superpower limited India’s choices till a paradigm shift took place with the collapse of the Soviet Union. This experience also conditions the domestic debate in India: The Communists caution against an alliance with any power which limits India’s ability to foster mutual trust and forge amicable relations with its neighbours while the Congress has drawn attention to thee mergence of a global market and a globalising polity that makes a policy of universal global engagement most appropriate. The debate is clothed in clichés easily understood by their respective constituencies.
This debate has been going on for quite some time. Though the multiplicity of views reflects Indian democracy at its best, in many ways it also impedes the formulation of a long-term strategy. The consequence is that the Indian government, realising that there are a plethora of views on China, has taken the path of least resistance, a policy that keeps most groups satisfied, if not happy, even though it is a policy only in name.
The success and failure of a nation’s foreign policy is largely a functionof its power and the manner in which that power is wielded. Power and its pursuit lie at the heart of inter-state relations. A state’s power in the international system can be defined as a function of the material capabilities that it possesses.30 Despite all the talk of India as a rising power, on all indicators of power, economic and military, India remains behind China in terms of capabilities. While India’s economic and military capabilities have no doubt increased substantially in recent times, with its GDP being fourth in the world in purchasing power parity and its military the third largest in the world, China’s capabilities have continued to remain ahead of India’s . 31 More importantly, India is yet to master the ability “to integrate the creation, deployment and use of military instruments in support of national objectives.” 32 Military power, more often than not, affects the success with which other instruments of statecraft are employed. As has been observed by Robert Art, military power always lurks in the back ground of inter-state relations, even when nations are at peace with each other. 33 It affects the influence that states exert over one another, thereby shaping political outcomes. In stark contrast to India, China has shown a willingness to use force quite readily in pursuit of its national goals while always insisting that it is defensive in nature. Chinese leaders tend to rationalize even their offensive military operations as purely defensive and measures of last resort (this logic has also been applied to the 1962 Sino-India war),to an extent where defence can even include a pre-emptive strike. 34
Indian foreign policy’s failure to achieve its objectives vis-à-vis China has a lot to do with India’s as yet underdeveloped power capabilities. China’s rising power and the effectiveness with which it has wielded it has allowed it to achieve most of its strategic objectives vis-à-vis India. In fact, one of the reasons why China does not consider India to be its rival is because of its low opinion of Indian capabilities.35 Power matters and in international politics, weakness begets failure while strength begets strategic clout. Unless India achieves higher rates of economic growth and modernises its military, both quantitatively and qualitatively, and learns to use its military instruments in pursuit of national objectives, its foreign policy will struggle to achieve the results it desires.
As a consequence of various constraints that have impeded that evolution of a long-term China policy in India, Indian foreign policy remains mired in confusion. Leaving aside the question of the ability of the Indian elites to think strategically on national security, in the case of India’s China policy, one is not even sure if the Indian political and foreign policy establishment understands the basic forces that shape and configure global politics. India’s inability, or rather unwillingness, to see the world as it is instead of as it should be, has become the major bane of foreign policy.
India’s lack of direction in its China policy is clearly revealed by the manner in which it has dealt with China in the past few years. While Sino-Indian bilateral relations have apparently improved, it is not clear if India has any idea as to what ends it wants to harness this improvement and what its strategic objectives with respect to China are. This has resulted in policy flip-flops that have undermined India’s regional and global diplomatic stature.
Former Indian Defence Minister George Fernandes described China as India’s “potential enemy number one” and former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee explained to the world powers that Indian nuclear tests were a response to the threat posed by Chinese nuclear weapons and Sino-Pakistan nuclear and missile collaboration. But some five years later, China became a “good neighbour” for the same Indian government when Prime Minister Vajpayee visited Beijing. What brought about this remarkable transformation, of course, remains unclear till date. The Man mohan Singh government came to the office declaring that it wants to have friendly relations with China, which, of course, is a reasonable foreign policy objective. But without a clear articulation of India’s national security objectives, such declarations remain just pious rhetoric that has never been in short supply in India-China relations. Pursuit of friendly relations with China seems to have become an end in itself when it should be a means towards achieving India’s larger strategic objective of emerging as a major regional and global player. Diplomacy without an overarching conceptual frame work of foreign policy often becomes a technical exercise in splitting differences, thus acquiring shades of what many might consider appeasement.
India’s China policy is in many ways symptomatic of a larger misunderstanding in the Indian political establishment with regard to what the nation’s foreign policy should be. For the left-liberal strand, foreign policy is merely an extension of domestic policy. As such since India is as ecular, democratic, and peace-loving nation, India’s pursuit of its relations with other states should merely be a reflection of these virtues. This has shaped much of the moral rhetoric in foreign affairs in India for the better part of the last 50 years and still continues to shape the understanding of global affairs within the major political formations on the left of the Indian political spectrum. The Indian discourse on foreign policy, in the words of one of the most astute observers of Indian foreign policy, “has remained frozen in a rhetorical trap, reminiscent of our class X essays in the earnest, third-worldist, allegedly non-aligned seventies.”36 A vivid example of this attitude is the rather extreme positions on national security taken by the Communist Parties consistently. While emphasising their fraternal ties with China’s ruling Communist Party time and again, they have called for an end to all military cooperation with the US and Israel, asking the Indian government to return to a policy of genuine non-alignment. Their complete silence on Chinese activities adversely affecting Indian national security interests even as they continue to denounce the US as a global imperialist has befuddled many.37
Prime Minister Man mohan Singh has also articulated a vision of Indian foreign policy, according to which foreign policy exists to push pragmatic economic goals, especially as India integrates more and more with the global economy, and also to build a world of open inclusive nations. This understanding of Indian foreign policy unambiguously identifies India with other liberal democracies of the world. The Prime Minister also suggested that the global environment has never been more conducive for India’s economic development than it is today and the world wants to help India to achieve its full potential. He argued that India should engage other great powers such as the US and China to the fullest and neither should be treated as an adversary.38 While there is much to commend in this articulation of Indian foreign policy agenda, particularly the exhortation that India should rise and take full advantage of the opportunities presented by the changing global economic milieu, it is rather naïve in its assertion that foreign policy is nothing more than an outcome of economic policy and that international politics is nothing but a sum total of global trade and economic cooperation.
It is in fact an offshoot of the liberal fallacy that assumes that only if nations were to trade more with each other, the world would become more prosperous and peaceful. In the case of Sino-Indian relations, many have argued that once economics becomes the driving factor, it will us her in a ‘paradigm shift’ in Sino-Indian bilateral relations.39 The understanding here being that in the short-term there is no threat to Indian interests from China and it is only a potential long-term threat or challenge to vital Indian interests. There is also the attendant belief that by embedding India-China relations into an expanding structure of economics ties future problem scan be averted. In many ways, this has become the dominant narrative of Sino-Indian relations in recent years.
K. Subrahmanyam has argued that China’s desire for increasing its bilateral trade with India and collaboration in sectors such as information technology can be effectively leveraged by India in shaping China’s attitudes vis-à-vis India.40 In a recent study, Jairam Ramesh, an influential member of the ruling Congress Party, has come up with the concept of “Ch india” that denotes synergy between the two Asian giants. He views closer economic cooperation between China and India as the best way to build trust and friendship, leading to a long-lasting peace between the two states.41 The problem with these assumptions is that not only is there little empirical evidence to prove that more trade leads to peace and tranquillity, but also that while politics and economics are certainly inter-related, the international economic system rests upon the international political order and not vice-versa. Indian foreign policy cannot be conducted on the naïve assumption that greater economic integration with the world would some how solve all its foreign policy problems.
At the other end of the political spectrum, the Indian right, because of its preoccupation with establishing a “Hindu” nation and minority bashing, has extended its narrow sectarian view to foreign policy. The consequence has been its obsession with Pakistan as evil incarnate in its foreign policy agenda and its inclination to view the world in black and white, friends and enemies, evil and noble. While undoubtedly pursuing pragmatic economic and foreign policies when in power, the Indian right, as represented by the BJP, seems to be under tremendous pressure to revert back to its extremist views, now that it is out of power. Where India’s multiculturalism and pluralism should be leveraged as India’s strengths in negotiating with an increasingly polarised outside world, the Indian right, with its resistance to India’s plural heritage, has been more interested in turning India into a mirror image of Pakistan.
Then there is the great Indian bureaucracy which suffers from the same myopia that Henry Kissinger long back diagnosed for the US foreign service— that it views its role as merely a solver of concrete issues as they come about and a negotiating instrument rather than one of shaping events and conceptualising strategy.
Shaped by these forces, Indian foreign policy has merely been one of responding to events around it rather than anticipating them and evolving coherent long-term strategies to deal with them in the best interests of the country. A nation’s foreign policy, to be effective, should ultimately rest on philosophical assumptions as to the nature of world order and the relationship of order to progress and national interest. In the absence of such a conceptual framework, incoherence would loom large as the diplomatic back and forth would become an end in itself and rather than shaping events, the state would end up reacting to developments around it as in the case of Indian foreign policy. The greatest casualty of this larger foreign policy malaise has been India’s China policy. From Hindi-Chini bhaibhai42 to potential enemy number one to great friend, India just does not know how to deal with its neighbourhood dragon that has played its cards so skil fully vis-à-vis India. It can be argued that successive Indian governments have, in fact, been following a coherent policy towards China, i.e., cooperation with China to build Indian capability till such time when India is able to challenge China’s primacy openly. If indeed this is the guiding framework, then India is in for a rude shock, as the current Chinese policy towards India will essentially preclude India’s emergence as a global or even regional power of any reckoning.
There is nothing really sinister about China’s attempts to expand its own influence and curtail India’s. China is a rising power and as such will do its utmost to prevent the rise of other power centres around its periphery. This is not very different from the stated US policy of preventing the rise of other powers that might threaten its position as a global hegemon. Just as the US is working towards achieving its strategic objective, China is pursuing its own strategic agenda. In many ways, it is natural for China to view India as a potential rival: for foreign capital, export markets, political influence, and aspirations for regional leadership.
There is also nothing extraordinarily benign in China’s attempts to improve its bilateral relations with India in recent times. After limiting India’s influence in various ways, China would not like to see India coming close to the US in order to contain China. In this geopolitical chessboard, while both the US and China are using India towards their own strategic ends, India has ended up primarily reacting to the actions of others. And the primary reason for this is the failure to recognise the forces that drive international politics in general and come up with a coherent strategy towards China, in particular.
With the US largely preoccupied with its war on terror and Iraq, China has increasingly asserted its pre-eminence in Asia. It has started to act like a traditional great power, pursuing its regional interests in a proactive manner and transforming its diplomatic relations with smaller neighbours. According to informed observers, this points to a well-conceived grand strategy at play – a strategy that would make it possible for China “to continue its economic growth, technological modernisation, and military build-up without provoking other countries to a costly rivalry.”43
However, notwithstanding China’s attempts at reassuring its neighbours, China’s growing power and muscle flexing as in the Taiwan Straits has led other regional powers to re-evaluate their strategic options. Japan has recently sought to broaden the scope of its security ties with the US and for the first time has explicitly discussed joint US-Japanese cooperation in the event of a crisis in the Taiwan Straits.44 In the face of a rising China that offers new opportunities, some in Australia have demanded that the government review its 50-year-old treaty with the US. 45 China’s rise has also engendered a cautious wariness in Russia, despite Moscow’s improving ties with Beijing. There is nothing surprising in China wielding its increasing economic and military clout in the region to gradually extend its influence and most other regional powers seem to have realised this. The only exception seems to be India, which seemingly believes that only if the two nations would trade more, all problems in their bilateral relationship would take care of themselves.
It is the structure of global politics that by definition makes Sino-Indian competition inevitable. There are two options for India – either play the game of global politics by the rules laid down by its structure or resign itself to a secondary status in the global hierarchy. Given that Indian decision-makers are already talking of India as a global player in the making, they cannot but take the rules of the game that is global politics, seriously. Of course, a Sino-Indian competition that can be diplomatically managed would be in everyone’s interest. But historically, rising powers have tried to reshape their strategic environment to reflect new realities of power and this has provoked conflicts. Many in India share the idea that only if India provokes China would China threaten India. This might seem comforting as it gives India a false sense of control over the unfolding of events. But China could be provoked by its own strategic environment if that is not seen to be commensurate with its rising prowess and expectations, regardless of India’s actions. India’s weakness, in that case, would do more harm than good.
The best that India can do is to first put its own house in order. India needs to develop its economic and military might without in any way being apologetic about it. It needs to clearly articulate its national interests and engage China on a host of issues, from the border problem to the alleged dumping of cheap Chinese goods in the Indian market. India needs to recognise that appeasing China is neither desirable nor necessary even as a direct confrontation with China is not something India can afford, at least in the near future. A stable foundation for the future of India-China relations cannot be laid by feigning total ignorance of Chinese activities that have adversely affected Indian national interests in the past. In all likelihood, Chinese attitudes towards India will change radically in India’s favour as the US strategy of strengthening India as a balancer in the Asian balance of power gathers momentum. This should present India a strategic opportunity to recalibrate its China policy and leverage its relationship with one power vis-à-vis the other.
India is a rising power in Asia and it needs to demand its rightful place in the inter-state hierarchy. But it will garner that respect only if it starts behaving in a manner appropriate to a major Asian power. India and China are the two major powers in Asia with global aspirations and some significant conflicting interests. As a result, some amount of friction in their bilateral relationship is inevitable. The geopolitical reality of Asia makes sure that it will be extremely difficult, if not impossible, for Hindi-Chini to be bhai-bhai (brothers) in the foreseeable future. If India and China continue to rise in the next few years, a security competition between the two regional giants will be all but inevitable. If India is serious about its desire to emerge as a major global power, then it will have to tackle the challenge of China’s rise. A rising China will not tolerate a rising India as its peer competitor. Even if a rising India does not have any intention of becoming a regional hegemon, China will try its best to constrain India as it has already done to a large extent. And it is that containment that India has to guard against. China’s intentions vis-à-vis India may seem entirely peaceful at the moment but that is largely irrelevant in the strategic scheme of things. India cannot have a foreign policy shaped by the assumed kindness of its neighbours. A nation’s foreign policy requires the ability of its leaders to think in the long term. India cannot and should not wear rose-tinted glasses on Sino-Indian relations just because things seem to be going smoothly at present.46
This reality should be accepted by the Indian policy-makers, rather than wished away. India should make a serious attempt to manage the frictions by expanding the zone of cooperation with China even as it tries to steadfastly pursue its national interests. It needs to display the confidence to craft a foreign policy that best serves its national security interests without always looking over the shoulders to make sure that China is not displeased. Again, India can learn a lot by examining how China has managed its relationship with the US in the last two decades.
While India certainly needs to engage China in an effort to reconcile security and political perspectives, it is naïve to assert, as many do, that India should first be sensitive to China’s concerns, real or imaginary, before defining its foreign policy goals and strategic agenda. Indian foreign policy agenda should be driven by only India’s national security imperatives. India needs to be more pro-active, consistent, and realistic when engaging China. China is not a malevolent, sinister international entity out there to demolish India but a state which is simply pursuing its own strategic interests in a hard-headed fashion on its way to its status of a great power. It is time for India to realise that India’s great power aspirations cannot be realised without a similar cold-blooded realistic assessment of its own strategic interests in an anarchic international system where there are no permanent friends or enemies, only permanent interests.
But for this to happen, the Government of India will have to formulate a clear China policy and, more importantly, a broader national security strategy. Ad-hocism just won’t do. This needs to be the top priority of the government if it wants India to emerge as a global power of any reckoning. India should recognise that a merely tactical foreign policy approach without the backing of a sound strategy will lead to nowhere. | <urn:uuid:f301afbb-d009-4755-b19d-fe086de0434f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.idsa.in/strategicanalysis/IndianForeignPolicyandChina_hvpant_1006 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720000.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00024-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959164 | 8,448 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Poster advertising train services from Paris to London for the Compagnie des Chemins de Fer de lOuest
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Apollo and Marsyas I - Jacopo d'Antonio Negretti (see Palma Giovane)
The Quack Doctor - Egbert van, the Younger Heemskerck
Clio - Pietro (Lo Spagna) Giovanni di
Achilles among the daughters of Lycomedes - Frans the younger Francken
Lady Forbes Leith 1872-1930 - Sir Samuel Luke Fildes
A Fair Crop - Frederick James McNamara Evans
Italianate Landscape With Herders And Animals Resting By A River Under A Bridge - Karel Dujardin
A wedding dance - Marten Van Cleve
The Garden of the Cardinal - John Fulleylove
American Art related news | <urn:uuid:10ca1ed8-d5a1-4677-9e22-4eb8e4180a50> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wikigallery.org/wiki/painting_205604/Jules-Alexandre-Grun/Poster-advertising-train-services-from-Paris-to-London-for-the-Compagnie-des-Chemins-de-Fer-de-lOuest | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.844618 | 395 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Most packrafters come from a solid backpacking background but lack experience in water sports. You can either blow your raft to paddle down a peaceful river or tackle some gnarly class IV: there are many ways to enjoy packrafting. But the kind of paddling you prefer doesn’t really matter: as soon as you are on a boat on moving water, there are some gear and skills that you need to have, regardless of the type of river. Packrafts are very forgiven boats, which means people tend to paddle harder stretches of water than their actual abilities would normally allow in a kayak. Overconfidence can be dangerous on the river. This is why you should always think twice before you decide to paddle something big. The usual saying is “don’t paddle something you wouldn’t swim”.
Here is a list of gear that all packrafters should carry on every packrafting trip.
.Paddling helmet (preferred to climbing or bicycle helmets)
.Type III PFD
.River throw rope
.River specific knife attached to PFD
- Packrafting Awareness Presentation With Monica Morin
- Luc Mehl’s Keynote Presentation
- NRS safety and rescue series (11 awesome videos)
- Mark Oates write up about safety
- The packrafting safety code from the American Packrafting Association
- Luc Mehl’s post about class IV packrafting (most of this should be applied to everyone)
- Animated tutorials for kayaking (applicable to packrafts) | <urn:uuid:db8f9a46-d350-403a-b033-9d7b37f26c1a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://swedishpackraftingassociation.com/safety/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572192.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815145459-20220815175459-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.920094 | 344 | 1.789063 | 2 |
By Lynne Adkins
PHILADELPHIA (CBS) — More than 200 area high school students will learn about careers in health care during an event tomorrow at Fox Chase Cancer Center.
The daylong event will give students a chance to learn, hands on, about careers in caring for cancer patients.
Dr. Alana O’Reilly, assistant professor of cancer biology, says the students will get a firsthand view of diagnostics equipment and procedures such as MRIs and CAT scans, and will try their hand at suturing or robotic surgery — but working on cantaloupes, bananas, or other fruit.
“After the clinical careers (discussions), students are going to go to 15 research labs and actually perform experiments that are directed at solving the cancer problem,” Dr. O’Reilly (right) says, “and they’re also going to learn about behavioral careers and business.”
Fox Chase also offers a ten-week student lab research training course and a summerlong independent research project. | <urn:uuid:e2ca2e14-e4bd-4cd0-8d0b-c7347c2112e2> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://philadelphia.cbslocal.com/2013/03/22/fox-chase-cancer-center-gives-high-schoolers-a-taste-of-health-care-careers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721405.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00312-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953506 | 216 | 2.125 | 2 |
|Numéro de publication||US4322892 A|
|Type de publication||Octroi|
|Numéro de demande||US 06/174,892|
|Date de publication||6 avr. 1982|
|Date de dépôt||4 août 1980|
|Date de priorité||28 déc. 1976|
|Numéro de publication||06174892, 174892, US 4322892 A, US 4322892A, US-A-4322892, US4322892 A, US4322892A|
|Cessionnaire d'origine||Asics Corporation|
|Exporter la citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Citations de brevets (13), Référencé par (14), Classifications (8)|
|Liens externes: USPTO, Cession USPTO, Espacenet|
This application is a division of United States patent application Ser. No. 896,477, filed Apr. 14, 1978, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,236,326.
This invention relates to an improvement in the soles of sport shoes suitable for use in track races (such as short-, medium- and long-distance races) and marathon races, as well as in the training therefor.
In the track and marathon races or the training therefor, moving actions of a runner exert an extremely great load on the sole, in particular at the heel portion, of shoes that he wears. It is generally considered that a load three times as much as the body weight of a runner (shoes wearer) is exerted on the heel of the sole upon running movement and, in jumping movement, the load applied on the heel at the shoe sole amounts to about 5-6 times as much as the body weight of a jumper.
Conventional sport shoes for such racing and training uses have a sole comprising a sponge rubber elastic body. Such a sole is, for example, entirely formed with a sponge rubber elastic body of one or more layers, or composed of three layers of sponge rubber whose interlayer sole is formed at its heel with a space in which air is confined tightly.
The former sole is, however, defective since sponge rubber having a sufficient elasticity and durability to withstand the foregoing large load can not easily be available. The latter sole having an air inclusion layer for tightly confining air therein in the heel of the interlayer sole also has a defect in that while a resilience capable of withstanding the foregoing load can be attained due to the resilience of air in the air inclusion layer in addition to the elasticity of the sponge rubber per se, the air present in the air inclusion layer destructs its surrounding wall thereby damaging the interlayer sole upon repeated exertion of the load on the sole during use.
The object of this invention is accordingly to endow sport shoes soles with resilience of an elastic body per se and that of air in the air inclusion portion causing no such destruction, in order to overcome the defects experienced so far in the sport shoes, in particular, in their shoe soles.
Another object of this invention is to provide shoe soles capable of moderating and withstanding for a long time the impaction load exerted on the shoe sole primarily in its heel (amounting to about 3-6 times as high as the body weight of a racer) resulted by the moving actions of the racer, by utilizing a synergistic effect between the resilience of the elastic body per se and that of air sealed in the air inclusion portion which will cause no destruction, and thereby effectively attaining the running effect of the racer.
Other objects, features and attending advantages of this invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.
These and other objects have been attained by an interlayer body of this invention made of an elastic body and put between a ground sole constituting the portion of the sole that directly contacts the ground and a shoe upper and comprising, at least on its heel, an air inclusion means which opens at least to one side of the elastic body.
This invention is to be described in more detail referring to the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of this invention. It will of course be apparent that the scope claimed by this invention is no way limited only to these embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a right side view of a shoe in which a shoe sole according to this invention is bonded to a shoe upper.
FIG. 2 to FIG. 13 respectively show various preferred embodiments of the interlayer body to be used in the shoe sole of this invention, in which FIG. 2 to FIG. 7 respectively show side views of the interlayer body for each of the embodiments and FIG. 8 to FIG. 12 respectively show plan views of the interlayer body for each of the embodiments; and FIG. 13 is a side view of an interlayer body which also serves as an interlayer sole.
In FIG. 1, a sport shoe A comprises, in structure, a shoe upper B and a shoe sole C which is bonded by way of adhesives to the lower surface of the shoe upper B and consists, at its sole, of a toe portion α, a heel portion β and an arch portion γ. The shoe sole C of this invention comprises a ground sole 1, an interlayer sole 2 bonded at its upper surface to the shoe upper A and bonded at the toe of its lower surface to the above ground sole 1, and an interlayer body 3 situated at the heel portion β of the shoe A and put between the above ground sole 1 and the interlayer sole 2.
The shoe sole C is made of rubbery material in which the ground sole 1 at the lowermost layer consists of rigid rubber or polyurethane, and the interlayer sole 2 and the interlayer body 3 consist of soft rubber, polyurethane, sponge and the like. The shoe sole C can also be formed with other materials selected from those conventionally employed as the sole materials for sport shoes in the relevant field of the art. The materials for the ground sole 1 should be selected from the materials more rigid and abrasion resistant than those for the interlayer body 3. The materials for the interlayer sole 2 and the interlayer body 3 may be identical or different. The interlayer sole 2 is desirably elastic and, in particular, a sufficient resilience is required for the interlayer body 3 to serve as an elastic body.
Presence of the interlayer sole 2 of the shoe sole C is not essential in this invention and the sport shoe A can alternatively be constituted by bonding the interlayer body 3 to the ground sole 1 to form the shoe sole C and by directly bonding the same to the shoe upper B.
The interlayer body 3 as the elastic body shown in FIG. 1 is formed in a generally uniform thickness at the area situating on the heel and gradually reduces its thickness into a wedge form, at least in the arch portion, toward the top of that portion. More specifically, the interlayer body 3 has such a shape as its upper surface gradually lowers from the heel to the top of the arch to thereby decrease its thickness gradually. While the thickness of the interlayer body 3 at the heel may not always be uniform and it may either be smaller or greater as compared with that of the interlayer sole 2, it is desired that the thickness of the interlayer body 3 and that of the interlayer sole 2 are identical. The shoe sole C is designed in such a configuration as well-conforming the shape of a runner's foot and suiting to running movements.
A plurality of air inclusion grooves 4 and 5 as an air inclusion means of this invention are formed at the upper and the lower surfaces of the interlayer body 3 respectively. Each of the grooves 4 and 5 opens at least to one side of the interlayer body 3 and has a semi-circular shape in the side view (that is, in cross section) and a linear shape in the plan view as shown in FIG. 8.
The side of the shoe sole of this invention referred to herein is defined as showing each of the right and the left peripheral faces of the shoe sole obtained by dividing the shoe sole with a line connecting the top end of the toe and the rear end of the heel. Namely, right and left peripheral faces 20 and 21 formed by dividing the sole with a line connecting the points 22 and 23 in FIG. 8 constitute the both sides of the shoe sole.
The grooves 4 and 5 are arranged at the positions alternating to each other and the projections 6, 7 between the grooves are bonded respectively to the interlayer sole 2 and the ground sole 1 by way of adhesives. The grooves 4 and 5 form air inclusion portions for including air between the interlayer body 3 and the interlayer sole 2 and between the interlayer body 3 and the ground sole 1. The air inclusion portions of this invention are different from the foregoing air inclusion layer of conventional shoes in which air is tightly confined and communicate to the external atmosphere. Namely, the air inclusion portions open externally at each of the sides 20 and 21 of the interlayer body 3.
Thus, air from the outside of the sole is always present in each of the grooves 4 and 5 formed in the interlayer body 3, which provides an air resilience co-operating with the sponge resilience obtained from the interlayer sole 2 and the interlayer body 3. The synergistic effect between the sponge resilience and the air resilience can moderate the rebounding resilience acted upon from the surface of the ground and the like against the landing pressure resulted by the moving action of a racer, which amounts 3 to 6 times as much as the body weight of the racer. Since the air included in each of the above grooves 4 and 5 are released externally upon compression of the interlayer body 3, no destruction occurs as in a closed type air inclusion layer in the sole of conventional sport shoes. Each of the grooves 4 and 5 of the interlayer body 3 from which air has once been released is re-filled with air spontaneously. Repeating exhaustion and re-filling of air from and into the grooves enable to attain the intended purpose of moderating the compression load with long lasting effect. Moreover, since the weight of the wedged shoe sole 3 is reduced by so much as forming the grooves 4 and 5, the most important requirement for the sport shoes, that is, weight reduction can be attained as well.
The air inclusion grooves to be formed in the interlayer body 3 can be constituted, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 in which the grooves 4 and 5 are displaced laterally from each other, as shown in FIG. 3 in which only the grooves 4 are formed or as shown in FIG. 4 in which only the grooves 5 are formed. The side (cross sectional) shape of the grooves 4 and 5 may not restricted only to the semi-circular shape but can be formed in generally full circular shape or, as shown in FIG. 5, in a square shape.
Various shapes, in plan, are applicable to the air inclusion grooves 4 and 5 of the interlayer body 3 in addition to the shape of through grooves extended to both side ends 20 and 21 of the interlayer body 3 as shown in FIG. 8 and they include those grooves extended from each of the sides 20 and 21 of the interlayer body 3 before the center thereof, that is, the grooves disconnected at the center of the interlayer body 3 as shown in FIG. 9, as well as those grooves communicating to each other at the center of the interlayer body 3 as shown in FIG. 10.
It is thus necessary for the air inclusion grooves in the interlayer body 3 to communicate an open externally while leaving sufficient projection between the grooves to support the load which amounts to 3 to 6 times as much as the body weight of the racer.
FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show embodiments in which a plurality of apretures 13 are formed between the upper and the lower surfaces of the interlayer body 3 as the air inclusion means. The apertures 13, like as the grooves 4, open at least to one side 20 and 21 of the interlayer body 3 and formed in parallel with the upper or the lower surface of the interlayer body 3.
These apertures 13 can be formed like the grooves shown in FIG. 8 as through holes passing between both sides 20 and 21 of the interlayer body, like the grooves shown in FIG. 9 as the holes disconnected at the center of the interlayer body or like the grooves shown in FIG. 10 as the holes communicated to each other at the center of the interlayer body. The apertures may be formed in various sections such as a hexagonal shape as shown in FIG. 6 or other polygonal shapes and a circular shape as shown in FIG. 7.
Other embodiments of the interlayer body 3 are shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. The air inclusion means provided to the interlayer body 3 is, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, in the form of honeycomb shape provided with groove. In the interlayer body 3 shown in FIG. 11, arrangement of the groove 8 and the projections 9 is reversed to that of the closed type air inclusion layer in the conventional shoes. Specifically, closed circular air inclusion portions in the conventional shoes are replaced with circular projections 9 and the projections in the conventional shoes are replaced with groove 8 in this invention, which open to the atmosphere outside of the interlayer body 3.
In the interlayer body 3 shown in FIG. 12, the circular projections 9 of the interlayer body shown in FIG. 11 are replaced with hexagonal projections 10 and, as apparent from the foregoings, the projections may be not always be restricted to circular or hexagonal shape but in any other forms.
It will be apparent from the foregoings that the air inclusion means in the interlayer body according to this invention for use with the soles of sports shoes is not restricted to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 but can take various other shapes. Each type of the interlayer body of this invention shows elastic deformation within such a range as causing no destruction to its air inclusion means when applied with a compression load from a racer upon movement which is about 3 to 6 times as much as his body weight. The shoe sole having the interlayer body 3 according to this invention can moderate the above compression load effectively by the resilience of the interlayer body per se and the resillience of air which is resulted upon releasing of air from the grooves or the apertures. Air flown out from the grooves or the apertures behaves as a sort of an air bumper to partially absorb and externally release the impact load. The projections between the grooves or the walls between the apertures form a satisfactory load supporting portion which makes the interlayer body as a structure of reduced weight and excellent durability.
Accordingly, the shoe sole of this invention has a satisfactory property for absorbing impact shock applied from the ground and a less resillience to provide a soft rebounding thereby forming soft cushion for allowing to keep a smooth moving trace of a foot during running. Provision of the grooves on the upper and/or the lower surface of the interlayer body reduces the impact receiving area to thereby result in normal cushioning effect.
FIG. 13 shows a further embodiment of the interlayer body integrally formed with interlayer sole 2. An interlayer body 11 has the same shape as the interlayer sole 2, that is, the shape being capable of bonding to the entire lower surface of the shoe upper B and has provided therein a plurality of apertures 12 as in the interlayer body shown in FIG. 7. The apertures 12 have a circulare section and pass between both sides ends 20 and 21 of the interlayer body. The apertures may of course be constituted, like the apertures 7 in the interlayer body shown in FIG. 7, as apertures extended before the center of the interlayer body or as the apertures communicated to each other at the center. The apertures may be in a polygonal cross section instead of the circular section. The apertures may not always be formed between the upper and the lower surfaces of the interlayer body, but it can be formed to the lower surface as the grooves 5 shown in FIG. 4.
The interlayer body 11 shown in FIG. 13 also serves as an interlayer sole 2 and the shoe sole C is constituted with the interlayer body 11 and the ground sole 1, and the shoe A is constituted by bonding the shoe upper B to the upper surface of the interlayer.
The interlayer body 11 can simplify the production step for the shoe sole C as compared with each of the interlayer bodies described before while providing same effects.
|Brevet cité||Date de dépôt||Date de publication||Déposant||Titre|
|US1559532 *||10 mars 1925||27 oct. 1925||George Smith||Combined sole and heel for footwear|
|US1596923 *||24 mars 1925||24 août 1926||Charles Cooney||Cushion insole|
|US2100492 *||23 oct. 1933||30 nov. 1937||Converse Rubber Company||Pneumatic sheet material and method of making|
|US2198338 *||7 mars 1938||23 avr. 1940||Greider James B||Footwear|
|US2885797 *||16 août 1957||12 mai 1959||Chrencik Edward W||Shoe construction with resilient heel and arch support|
|US2983056 *||12 mai 1959||9 mai 1961||Murawski Steven A||Pneumatic foot wear|
|US2985971 *||24 août 1960||30 mai 1961||Murawski Steven A||Flexible resilient footwear|
|US3253355 *||20 nov. 1964||31 mai 1966||Menken Lester L||Cushioned shoe|
|US4043058 *||21 mai 1976||23 août 1977||Brs, Inc.||Athletic training shoe having foam core and apertured sole layers|
|US4102061 *||2 mars 1977||25 juil. 1978||Karhu-Titan Oy||Shoe sole structure|
|US4128950 *||7 févr. 1977||12 déc. 1978||Brs, Inc.||Multilayered sole athletic shoe with improved foam mid-sole|
|DE2460034A1 *||19 déc. 1974||24 juin 1976||Miro Cujovic||Sports shoe with pneumatic resilient sole - control valves for adjustment to different shock-absorption|
|JPS4428541B1 *||Titre non disponible|
|Brevet citant||Date de dépôt||Date de publication||Déposant||Titre|
|US4361972 *||31 juil. 1981||7 déc. 1982||Lawrence Miller||Rider's shoe|
|US4505660 *||3 mars 1982||19 mars 1985||Natec Institut||Apparatus for making a one-piece, washable and sterilizable plastic shoe|
|US4656760 *||26 févr. 1985||14 avr. 1987||Kangaroos U.S.A., Inc.||Cushioning and impact absorptive means for footwear|
|US4817304 *||31 août 1987||4 avr. 1989||Nike, Inc. And Nike International Ltd.||Footwear with adjustable viscoelastic unit|
|US4894933 *||8 juil. 1988||23 janv. 1990||Kangaroos U.S.A., Inc.||Cushioning and impact absorptive means for footwear|
|US5155927 *||20 févr. 1991||20 oct. 1992||Asics Corporation||Shoe comprising liquid cushioning element|
|US5353526 *||31 janv. 1994||11 oct. 1994||Reebok International Ltd.||Midsole stabilizer for the heel|
|US5369895 *||5 mars 1988||6 déc. 1994||Natec Institut Fur Naturwissenschaftlichtechnische Dienste||Plastic shoe with ventilation arrangement|
|US5493792 *||17 oct. 1994||27 févr. 1996||Asics Corporation||Shoe comprising liquid cushioning element|
|US6457261||22 janv. 2001||1 oct. 2002||Ll International Shoe Company, Inc.||Shock absorbing midsole for an athletic shoe|
|US20030196354 *||22 avr. 2002||23 oct. 2003||Young Chu||Climbing shoe with hooking teeth on the heel|
|USD315634||25 août 1988||26 mars 1991||Autry Industries, Inc.||Midsole with bottom projections|
|EP0095357A1 *||23 mai 1983||30 nov. 1983||Donald M. Fowler||Impact absorbing member for footwear|
|WO2016109817A1 *||31 déc. 2015||7 juil. 2016||Chinook Asia Llc||Footwear having a flex-spring sole|
|Classification aux États-Unis||36/29, 36/3.00B, 36/35.00B|
|Classification coopérative||A43B13/206, A43B13/20|
|Classification européenne||A43B13/20, A43B13/20T| | <urn:uuid:9e342527-9d6e-445d-8a18-250fdb7c1f61> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.google.fr/patents/US4322892?hl=fr | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00128-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.877325 | 4,587 | 1.6875 | 2 |
for a couple of months, he tried to cook more often, but that experiment was short-lived. He laments that it’s not unusual for him to eat out for breakfast, lunch, and dinner.
At the time of our profile, Butler was poised to buy a duplex that would provide both a home and rental income. It was a step in the right direction for building his personal wealth, and it’s the foundation for the be Declaration of Financial Empowerment, Principle No. 1: I will use homeownership as a foundation for building wealth.
Unfortunately, the deal never came to pass. In the end, the owner didn’t want to budge on the $207,000 asking price. But Butler is still optimistic about his chances for homeownership because of the downturn in real estate prices, which he says have fallen about 8% in his area. And he’s patient enough to wait for a further dip.
But even bigger changes may put off his plans. Butler is waiting to hear about a job opportunity that could require him to temporarily relocate to England. So, for Butler, it’s wait and see. In the meantime he wonders when his spending issues will be history. “I’m proud of my promotion, but I’m disappointed that I haven’t been able to get my spending under control.”
New Year’s Resolution: “To continue to enjoy life, move to England, and to increase my salary a minimum of $10,000 to $20,000 by the end of 2008.” be
- Eliminate credit card debt. Use at least $300 of monthly savings to pay down debt. Never charge anything he can’t pay off in 30 days and never borrow for pleasure.
- Take advantage of tax credits for his student loan.
- Butler didn’t follow the advice. Worse, his credit card balance ballooned from $2,500 to $8,000. His credit limit was raised from $6,000 to $10,000. Then he asked that it be raised to $15,000, and it was. He says he asked for an increase in case he moves to England, as he will need money to get set up there.
- He made the adjustment and saved approximately $500.
- Assess asset allocation. Diversify beyond one asset class into four or five. Increase monthly contribution in 403(b) and invest in mutual funds.
- He increased his contributions to a total of $300 a month in his 403(b) and IRA. He ignored the advice to diversify but has no regrets because his heavy allocation in international stocks paid off. His IRA balance went from $2,200 to $7,000. He says he will diversify into U.S. stocks once the domestic market is a bit more settled.
PREPARE FOR THE FUTURE
- Use $2,000 contest winnings to increase emergency fund to nine months of expenses.
- Pursue real estate, especially a duplex that would provide supplementary income.
- Instead of the emergency fund, he put the $2,000 in his IRA. His emergency fund still stands at $3,000.
- Butler is waiting for prices to continue their decline and also waiting to see if he’ll be moving overseas. | <urn:uuid:001049bb-2ef5-48e6-a3a5-b3c39fbc8597> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.blackenterprise.com/mag/ready-to-go-the-distance/4/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721595.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00478-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975863 | 712 | 2.03125 | 2 |
With !!!Star Wars: The Force Awakens making waves, and superhero films, like the recently released Deadpool, making hundreds of millions of dollars, it only makes sense that, from a business standpoint, these movie studios take advantage of their massive markets. Consumers pandering for more of what they love are always happy to spend money on items related to what they love, be it movies, books or television shows.
It is due to this surge in sequels and franchises that collecting has become more popular than ever. Pawn shops, thrift stores, eclectic businesses, and most recently, the internet, have given rise to a mass wave of buying, selling and trading collectibles, making it easier for collectors to complete their collections, while simultaneously stimulating a collector’s urge to have more and more.
But what exactly makes people want to collect? Brandon, the manager at JC Collectibles, the branch of JC Retail known for selling and/or trading hard-to-find video games and nerd culture collectibles, thought collecting often had to do with passion. As JC Retail is made up of multiple stores, he discussed that JC Collectibles was started from the love that the owners had for superheroes and sci-fi. That passion began a successful franchise rooted deeply in nerd culture. Due to the demand for nerd culture wares, JC Retail now operates multiple stores in Southern Ontario, and plans to pop-up in more cities in the near future.
Of course, passion’s not the only reason behind why people get into collecting for a hobby. Local collecting aficionado, James Stephenson, commented that much of collecting is linked to nostalgia. When asked about why he collected for a hobby, he said, “for me, it’s reliving the youth.” Nostalgia is a heavy influence for people’s love of a franchise, and can be a big part of why franchises keep making new merchandise, years after their release. For example, in the front door of JC Collectibles, there is a life-sized statue of Jar Jar Binks. While the films are generally not well received, and the Star Wars prequels came out in the early 2000s, people’s love for the Star Wars franchise as a whole keeps the series alive, even to the point of beginning a trilogy and spin-off films well after the original trilogy’s release.
So at what point does collecting turn from a fun hobby to a vice? Well, there can be a sense of pride that can come from having a “superior” collection. Whether it’s because they own more rare items, or have accumulated more altogether, collecting can lead to a social hierarchy among fans, separating the “true fans” from everyone else. Treating anyone worse for their assumed ignorance and lack of so-called “worthiness” is simply disrespectful. It creates a divide among fans who, at their core, are both simply trying to support and express their love of the same thing.
On a more serious note, when the merchandise becomes more important than anything else, collecting truly becomes gluttony. Having an excess of anything can often be seen as a problem, but worrying more about a hobby than physical and mental health can be an extreme issue.
As made known by the A&E show Hoarders, hoarding is a very real and very dangerous mental illness, generally summarized by excess and anxiety-driven compulsion to keep far more than necessary. It can also be related to compulsive buying, acquiring and storing of the items deemed important. This doesn’t mean everyone who collects merchandise for a hobby are hoarders, but it is important to keep in mind that while collecting is a fun pastime, it isn’t the end of the world. Just have fun. | <urn:uuid:c2f9791e-faa6-45ce-9f59-d80e60bf7fa6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thesputnik.ca/glutton-for-punishment-collection-complete/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.96212 | 780 | 1.65625 | 2 |
ALEXANDRIA,VA- Friendships are a little like the rings of a tree, a new ring for each year of growth, some thicker, some thinner, depending on different factors in the environment. I have circles of friends that go back to my junior high school days. There are some new circles and many in between.
Some years ago, one of my friends started a Soup Group. She thought groups were a little like soup. You put in different ingredients, give them time to simmer, and you come up with interesting and enjoyable fare. The Soup Group met for dinner, but the idea was to keep the menu simple so people could spend time talking and enjoying each other. And as you may have guessed, the main dish was soup.
A recent circle of my women friends calls itself the Tawandas after the exclamation used by Evelyn, a character in the movie Fried Green Tomatoes while she intentionally bashed someone’s car. We know we’ve misspelled the name, but we’ve used it for so long that we decided to stick with it.
There are 12 of us on the email list, and we meet monthly for potluck dinners and conversation. Although the people change, the number stays pretty much constant. The actual date when group started isn’t recorded, but according to my almost-daily journal, I’ve been a member since 2001. For me, the joy is in getting to know the other women, and over the years we have become more like family than just friends.
In June 2016, we hosted graphic designer, art educator, and entrepreneurial coach Sharmila Karamchandani, who painted our hands with henna. We collected $10 each for the henna art and donated the money to Empowered Women International (EWI). They create jobs and entrepreneurial opportunities for immigrant, low-income, and at-risk women in this area.
More recently, ten Tawanda’s gathered at my home, and each had a story to share. One was excited that her garden had expanded from plants to vegetables, and that her fruit trees were thriving. Another had checked something off her bucket list, a trip with her husband to Martha’s Vineyard. While there, they visited the village of Aquinnah and they found an unmarked burial ground of the Wampanoags, a tribe of the Algonquin.
Another Tawanda had just sold her home to a young couple who told her they looked forward to having and raising their children there. She couldn’t be happier. Grandchildren’s graduations were a highlight for one. And another shared that she and her husband are still adjusting to a move from a single family home of over 30 years to a high-rise condo. And how proud she is that their son, who lives in New York City, was recently cast in an upcoming local theatre production.
Another is excited to have completed a piece of hooked art for our church, while another’s husband went to a jazz workshop in Louisville, Kentucky, and she went to her niece’s destination wedding in Barbados. We got an update on harnessing church members’ energy to deal with climate change. We learned about a daughter’s unhappy experience with buying a used car, despite taking the right precautions. And I announced that I was trying my hand at writing this column.
I thought as I listened to their stories that it was a lot like opening a favorite book, where I looked forward each month to reading another chapter.
Enduring friendships. I wish the same for you. | <urn:uuid:aad44b3d-120a-47f8-b438-7dadffd943e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thezebra.org/2019/09/02/friendship-rings/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.976926 | 746 | 1.601563 | 2 |
The city proposes to spend $ 800 million over each of the next two years on homeless services, likely as it has done in recent years, with no noticeable effect on removing homeless settlements. shelter from streets and parks. The moral and legal obstacle to the abolition of homeless camps is the lack of accommodation space for those withdrawn from the camps. $ 800 million would buy and supply 32,000 tiny cabins, more than enough to house all of San Francisco’s homeless people. The cabins and their services could be located on remote land owned by the city or rented. The city should provide them, then remove all homeless settlements from streets and parks. | <urn:uuid:281e3252-1d2a-49f7-b0c9-a7fdc710624b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mycabinsinasheville.com/tiny-shacks-could-solve-homelessness-crises/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.970793 | 131 | 2.0625 | 2 |
This Policy paper by Elvire Fabry, senior research fellow at the Jacques Delors Institute, and Marco de Toffol, research assistant at the Jacques Delors Institute, analyses the terms of this transition, the arrangements of this uncomfortable asymmetry which are still under debate (free movement of people, possible recourse mechanism for the UK to protect its interests, etc.) as well as the policy areas for which a post-Brexit agreement must be found now, without waiting for the transition to come to an end (civil aviation, ring-fencing of the UK contribution to the EU’s framework programme for research and innovation, etc.). Added to this is the challenge of transitioning all free trade agreements signed by the EU with third countries. Negotiations are moving from bilateral to trilateral aspects. Lastly, a transition of limited duration would be relatively easy to negotiate if it mainly consists of maintaining the status quo ahead of the development of the future UK-EU relations into a steady state of operation. It will prove more delicate and could become a Brexit purgatory if a longer transition period has to be envisaged.
The stakes at play during this transition can only be appreciated by considering the British dilemma and the complex choice they will have to now make to avoid a long transition. It is only when London decides on the level of regulatory convergence it wishes to maintain with the EU that negotiators will be able to begin to draft a post-Brexit agreement and prevent the no deal scenario which may still be possible at the end of the transition. | <urn:uuid:c5fcc1cf-2ae0-4343-b5ab-84970ef4a2bd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://institutdelors.eu/en/publications/brexit-transition-mode-demploi/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.947926 | 309 | 1.6875 | 2 |
When should you start taking Social Security 01-08-12
Published 10:35 am, Friday, January 6, 2012
If you're of a certain age, the new year means you're that much closer to a day you may have anticipated with a combination of humor and resignation - specifically, the day you're eligible for Social Security. But just because you can take Social Security, it doesn't mean you must take it. So, should you?
Before we get to that question, let's review the basic rules governing Social Security payments. You can typically start collecting benefits at age 62, but you'll get only about 75 percent of what you'd receive if you waited until your "full" retirement age, which varies according to your birth year but is most likely 66. You'll get even bigger monthly checks if you delay collecting them until you're past 66, and you'll "max out" on your payments once you reach 70.
So, the question boils down to this: Should you start collecting Social Security early - thereby receiving smaller, but more numerous, checks - or later, when your checks will be bigger but fewer?
If you really need the money once you reach 62, you've already got your answer. But if you could potentially afford to wait, we recommend you view your decision through a LENS:
L: Your projected lifespan -You can't see into the future, but given your family history and general health, you can make an educated guess about your projected longevity. If you're fairly confident that, once you reach 66, you've still got another two or more decades in front of you, you may want to consider delaying taking Social Security past age 62.
E: Your employment status - If you're under full retirement age - between 62 and 66 - then for every two dollars you earn over $14,640 (in 2012), you'll lose one dollar in Social Security benefits. In the months before you reach your full retirement age, for every three dollars you earn over $38,880 (again, for 2012), you'll lose one dollar in benefits. But starting in the month you reach your full retirement age, you can earn as much as you want without losing any benefits.
N: Your need, including your other sources of retirement income - If you have a pension, or you've built substantial resources in your IRA, your 401(k) or other employer-sponsored retirement plan, and you can support your income needs with modest withdrawals from these accounts, you might decide it's worthwhile to delay taking Social Security to maximize your benefits. Remember that regardless of your Social Security decision, you typically would have to pay a 10 percent early withdrawal penalty if you started taking withdrawals from these accounts before you reach age 59½.
S: Your spouse/marital status - If you're single, you basically just need to think of yourself when making this decision. But it's a different story if you're married. If you die first, your spouse can keep receiving his or her own Social Security benefit or receive yours - whichever is larger. Consequently, you and your spouse will want to coordinate when you take Social Security benefits so that you can maximize the benefit for the spouse likeliest to live longer.
The choice of when to start taking Social Security can affect your lifestyle throughout your retirement years - so weigh all the factors and make the choice that's right for you.
Paul Garcia is a financial
adviser for Edward Jones. | <urn:uuid:dc391122-d3e1-42e3-ae9c-2a4a01f39dc4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.myplainview.com/business/article/When-should-you-start-taking-Social-Security-8407399.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00351-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965745 | 704 | 1.726563 | 2 |
March 22nd - World Water day
2016 : "Water & Jobs"
International World Water Day is held annually on 22 March as a means of focusing attention on the importance of freshwater and advocating for the sustainable management of freshwater resources.
An international day to celebrate freshwater was recommended at the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED). The United Nations General Assembly responded by designating 22 March 1993 as the first World Water Day.
In 2016, the theme is "Water and Jobs". This will be an opportunity to promote the business sectors related to water resources, but also to distinguish the men and women who pursue their passion. The Global 2016 UN report on the development of water resources, the theme has been aligned on that Day, will be launched on this occasion. | <urn:uuid:f12a38a0-a6fd-476e-b0c1-3cb70fa397ed> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.oieau.org/iowater/water-organization/in-the-world/article/march-22nd-world-water-day | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00290-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944037 | 158 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Recently I in a post came up with what I described as a crazy idea – that might in fact not be so crazy.
My suggestion was based on what I termed the Chuck Norris effect of monetary policy – that a central banks can ease monetary policy without printing money if it has a credible target. The Swiss central bank’s (SNB) actions to introduce a one-sided peg for the Swiss franc against the euro have demonstrated the power of the Chuck Norris effect.
The SNB has said it will maintain the peg until deflationary pressures in the Swiss economy disappears. The interesting thing is that the markets now on its own is doing the lifting so when the latest Swiss consumer prices data showed that we in fact now have deflation in Switzerland the franc weakened against the euro because market participants increased their bets that the SNB would devalue the franc further.
In recent days the euro crisis has escalated dramatically and it is pretty clear that what we are seeing in the European markets is having a deflationary impact not only on the European economy, but also on the global economy. Hence, monetary easing from the major central banks of the world seems warranted so why do the ECB not just do what the SNB has done? For that matter why does the Federal Reserve, the Bank of England and the Bank of Japan not follow suit? The “crazy” idea would be a devaluation of euro, dollar, pound and yen not against each other but against commodity prices. If the four major central banks (I am leaving out the People’s Bank of China here) tomorrow announced that their four currencies had been devalued 15% against the CRB commodity index then I am pretty sure that global stock markets would increase sharply and the positive effects in global macro data would likely very fast be visible.
The four central banks should further announce that they would maintain the one-sided new “peg” for their currencies against CRB until the nominal GDP level of all for countries/regions have returned to pre-crisis trend levels around 10-15% above the present levels and that they would devalue further if NGDP again showed signs of contracting. They would also announce that the policies of pegging against CRB would be suspended once NGDP had returned to the pre-crisis trend levels.
If they did that do you think we would still talk about a euro crisis in two months’ time?
PS this idea is a variation of Irving Fisher’s compensated dollar plan and it is similar to the scheme that got Sweden fast and well out of the Great Depression. See Don Patinkin excellent paper on “Irving Fisher and His Compensated Dollar Plan” and Claes Berg’s and Lars Jonung’s paper on Swedish monetary policy in 1930s.
PPS this it not really my idea, but rather a variation of an idea one of my colleagues came up with – he is not an economist so that is maybe why he is able to think out of the box.
PPPS I real life I am not really a big supporter of coordinated monetary action and I think it has mostly backfired when central banks have tried to manipulate exchange rates. However, the purpose of this idea is really not to manipulate FX rates per se, but rather to ease global monetary conditions and the devaluation against CRB is really only method to increase money velocity. | <urn:uuid:ca15900b-24c4-4345-972b-999bbfa92714> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://marketmonetarist.com/2011/11/10/repeating-a-not-so-crazy-idea-or-if-chuck-norris-was-ecb-chief/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00199-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970242 | 690 | 1.804688 | 2 |
ERIC Number: ED247039
Record Type: Non-Journal
Publication Date: 1981
Reference Count: N/A
Migrant Drop-Out Study, 1980-1981. Final Evaluation.
Springstead, Emelda; And Others
The 1980-1981 project sought to extend the dropout prediction methods used previously by using a broader sample and to examine the effectiveness of counseling in dropout prevention. Over 1,200 migrant students in 35 Texas Coastal Bend school districts completed a survey regarding school attitudes, family problems, school participation, financial problems, and school performance. Results were similar to those from the previous year and showed that financial concerns, lack of active participation in class activities, clubs, and school functions, and poor academic performance significantly contributed to dropping out. The study identified 120 migrant students as potential dropouts and these students received individual and group counseling during the year. Data suggested what while counseling may be an effective strategy in dropout prevention, counseling resources are too limited to provide more than minimal service to migrant students. Although data were incomplete, counselors apparently provided direct guidance and clarification of student problems (student-teacher relationships, academic performance) in an average of 15.3 contact hours per student. The report includes eight recommendations regarding dropout testing and counseling for the program's 1981-1982 year. Appendices include letters, surveys, research designs, computer program requirements, participating districts and students, and other data related to the project. (SB)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Counseling Effectiveness, Dropout Characteristics, Dropout Prevention, Dropout Research, Dropouts, Family Relationship, Financial Problems, Migrant Education, Migrant Youth, Predictor Variables, Program Evaluation, School Counseling, Secondary Education, Secondary School Students, Student Attitudes, Student Participation, Student Teacher Relationship
Publication Type: Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Sponsor: Texas Education Agency, Austin. Div. of Migrant Education.
Authoring Institution: Education Service Center Region 2, Corpus Christi, TX.
Identifiers - Location: Texas | <urn:uuid:9e5b6ee9-7f78-4929-a7e3-19da8026caff> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED247039 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00362-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.909024 | 426 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Saturday, November 24, 2007
"FOR THE RECORDS: RESTORING A RIGHT TO ADULT ADOPTEES
Author: Madelyn Freundlich
Published: 2007 November. New York NY: Evan B. Donaldson Adoption Institute"
"Among the findings in the report, "For the Records: Restoring a Right to Adult Adoptees," are:
- Prohibiting adopted people from getting their personal information raises significant civil rights concerns and potentially serious, negative consequences for their physical and mental health.
- In states that now allow access, there has been no evidence that the legal changes have caused problematic behavior by adopted persons or damage to birthmother's lives.
- Another assertion by critics of changing these laws - that abortion rates will rise and adoption rates will fall - is not supported by the evidence; in fact, it appears just the opposite occurs.
Based on its research and an analysis of its findings, the Institute's recommendations include:
- Every state should amend its laws to restore unrestricted access for adult adopted persons to their original birth certificates - which, historically, had been their right nationwide.
- Within three years of enactment, revisit state laws that create a "sandwich" situation in which some adult adopted persons get access to their documents while others do not.
- Conduct research to expand the understanding of the experiences of adopted persons, birthparents and adoptive parents in relation to the issue of access to records."
By Donaldson Adoption Institute Link to Website (last visited 11-24-07 NVS) | <urn:uuid:b2832846-34d4-42e5-b8a8-9ddabb10cd01> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://lawprofessors.typepad.com/family_law/2007/week47/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00175-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934398 | 318 | 2.25 | 2 |
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The September 11 acts of terrorism brought out the dark face of fundamentalist terrorism whose sources and root causes must at some point be considered The attacks on the twin towers where there used to be commercial and government offices with commercial air planes in which there were many innocent people from different nationalities cannot be forgiven and justified Its committers and the leaders of them must certainly be found and punished Can these attacks and their aftermath be placed in the context of current discussions of globalization Or were these attacks signs of the revolt of fundamentalism against globalization Globalization is an ambiguous and multidimensional concept Globalization on one hand represents a positive development that is to say it increases connectedness and interconnectivity which are crucial for peoples who live on the same planet and share a common world Hands of globalization force people to feel virtually at every level of social life Economically globalization means greater exchange of goods and services which cannot be hindered by borders and tariffs At the technological level globalization means new devices for the exchange of ideas and feelings Internet and World Wide Web is the leading representer of it At the political level globalization means a greater respect to human rights as a universal concept which maintains its importance in every single public on earth There has been an increasing emergence for the institutions that have international missions as a consequence of the brutal regimes on different parts of the world At the cultural level globalization means a greater consensus on certain shared values like democracy freedom and human rights Cultural globalization also inreases the consciousness that everybody is a member of this globe The great German philosopher Immanuel Kant described this consciousness as the consciousness in which a transgression of rights in one place in the world is felt everywhere The most valuable example to this consciousness is the response of the whole world against
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- Jen Soust, alumni @ UCLA | <urn:uuid:6798790e-bc99-4927-97b5-43f15f6e1db7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-overview-of-the-acts-of-terrorism-in-the-united-states-4r0ggEXU | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00247-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951897 | 452 | 2.46875 | 2 |
“We hope both families and service providers will be actively engaged in building a comprehensive database to serve the disability community.
Austin, TX (PRWEB) January 17, 2013
The non-profit Cerebral Palsy Family Network has launched a new interactive online directory of services that help families of children with disabilities. A video tutorial shows users how to find, add, revise, review and rate disability services.
Beginning in January 2013, the “Cerebral Palsy Survival Guide” (click on the Resources tab or on the Search List icon) provides descriptions and contact information for more than 10,000 public and private providers in all 50 states that offer families of children with disabilities services in the following areas:
- Medical care
- Respite care
- Legal assistance
“A key feature of the directory is that users can review and rate the services they receive as well as share their own resources with other families,” said Lee Vander Loop, CP Family Network editor and mother of a child with cerebral palsy.
“One of the biggest challenges facing parents of children with disabilities is finding local resources that can help them,” said Vander Loop. “The information in the Survival Guide was provided by members of the CP Family Network and is expected to grow as people become more aware of it.”
“We believe it’s the first directory of its kind to allow the cerebral palsy community to help and guide each other by sharing information about the providers and services they use,” Vander Loop added.
“It’s also a powerful tool for providers who desire visibility within the disability community. The Survival Guide gives them the opportunity to add their service to the directory and update that information, such as locations, operating hours or staff, if it changes.” Vander Loop said. “We hope both families and service providers will be actively engaged in building a comprehensive database to serve the disability community.”
The CP Family Network has created an online video tutorial to show users how to find resources and enter their own. Families can search the Survival Guide by going to http://www.cpfamilynetwork.org/, clicking “Cerebral Palsy Survival Guide” under the Resources tab, and entering their state, city, specific keywords or an organization’s name. Users may also create an account which allows them to rate and review services their child has received, or enter new resources into the directory.
“Families who care for children with disabilities are in the best position to tell other families about what’s available in their areas, and also to talk about their experience with those services. Providers can quickly and directly tell potential customers about their services and update information if it changes. It’s a win-win for the disability community,” Vander Loop said.
The Cerebral Palsy Family Network is a 501-C3 non-profit organization whose mission is to provide medical and legal resources to families and children with cerebral palsy. | <urn:uuid:18edc7b3-2198-43d5-9bc3-484f8973c548> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.prweb.com/releases/prwebcerebral-palsy/cerebral-palsy-resources/prweb10331152.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00436-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944114 | 626 | 1.601563 | 2 |
The Importance of Relationships in Football, Business, and Life.
This Rev-Tech Podcast was recorded live in New York with Tiki Barber—the former New York Giants running back and successful business owner. Join the conversation as Riva’s Ken Lorenz discusses football, technology, and the importance of building and maintaining relationships with Tiki. This once-in-a-lifetime conversation is a great listen packed with lessons that translate to business—and life.
Guest: Tiki Barber, former NFL football running back
Tiki studied computer engineering at the University of Virginia and was on the path to becoming a programmer at Oracle until one play changed everything. He is best known for his ten-year stint on the New York Giants. Since retiring from the NFL, Barber joined NBC‘s The Today Show and Football Night in America/Sunday Night Football as a correspondent. He is currently the Chairman and Co-Founder of Thuzio.
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Speaker 1 (00:04): Welcome to the Rev-Tech Revolution Podcast. Today, we have a special live episode where Riva’s KenLorenz sits down to talk with Tiki Barber. They talk about Tiki’s football career, how Tiki almost went to work for Oracle, and life lessons about teamwork and failure. All of this and more on the Rev-TechRevolution Podcast.
Ken Lorenz (00:30): Want to get this right. So, first of all, I want to thank everybody for being here tonight. Most of all, I want to thank Tiki Barber. I want to get this right now. Three-time Pro Bowler, leading rusher for theNew York Giants in New York Giants’ history, New York Giants Ring of Honor member. Am I missing anything?
Audience (00:50): Goodguy.
Tiki Barber (00:51): No. [inaudible 00:00:52].
Ken Lorenz(00:52): Good guy.
Tiki Barber (00:52): Other than I missed the Super Bowl. I retired the year before the Super Bowl. Other than that, my career is great.
Ken Lorenz (01:01): All right, that’s the part where the script ends. All right, so we’re mostly going to talk about relationships, but we’re going to have some fun. And so Tiki’s been kind enough to allow me to ask him some questions about relationships, and some of this can be serious, and some of this, we’re going to have fun. But we were told we couldn’t talk about certain topics, right?
Tiki Barber (01:20): Like what?
Ken Lorenz (01:22): My early retirement. We’re not going to talk about that.
Tiki Barber (01:26): I retired at just the right time.
Audience (01:29): Are you telling me something here, Ken.
Ken Lorenz (01:30): I know. Right? All those over there shaking in his boots a little bit. So we’re not going to talk about that. We’re not going to talk about the Buffalo Bills unless you want to.
Tiki Barber (01:38): We can.
Ken Lorenz (01:39): All right. We might go there. All right. Let’s start off with something easy. Something I like to call lightning round questions. Now, these are easy.
Tiki Barber (01:46): All right.
Ken Lorenz (01:48): Coffee or tea?
Tiki Barber (01:50): Coffee, without a doubt.
Ken Lorenz (01:51): All right. The beach or the mountains?
Tiki Barber (01:54): The mountains. The beach, you know, Black people don’t like sitting in the sun.
Ken Lorenz (02:00): I had to put it out there.
Tracee (02:01): I like.
Ken Lorenz (02:05): Other than Tracee. Other than Tracee, with two Es, by the way.
Tracee (02:08): Thank you. Appreciate it.
Ken Lorenz (02:10): All right. We’ll go a little technology. How about Macintosh or PC?
Tiki Barber (02:17): This is a tough one. No, I can’t punt. I am all Apple right now. But I grew up on PCs because at UVA, I was in the business school, the McIntire School of Commerce, and I studied management information systems, so I learned how to program on PCs. And the functionality is better there than on Macs. It’s too complicated.
Ken Lorenz (02:44): But you’re Apple now.
Tiki Barber (02:46): But I’m Apple now, but I prefer the PC. I got indoctrinated and stuck. Everything is Apple now, but I prefer the PC.
Ken Lorenz (02:57): All right. Aldo, you hear that?
Aldo (03:01): Yeah. It went out the other ear.
Ken Lorenz (03:02): It’s a standard interview question in the company. All right.
Tiki Barber (03:06): It would’ve been better if you would’ve asked me C++, Cobalt or Visual Basic.
Aldo (03:10): There we go.
Ken Lorenz (03:10): Okay, go ahead.
Aldo (03:12): Where did that come from?
Ken Lorenz (03:14): [inaudible 00:03:14]. Of those, your favorite
Tiki Barber (03:19): C++. Even though it’s basic.
Ken Lorenz (03:22): What about Ada or Modular 2 or Lisp?
Tiki Barber (03:26): At that point, I was playing football. Moore’s law passed me, man. Trust me.
Ken Lorenz (03:34): Yeah. All right. Last one and we’ll get off the lightning round. Star Wars, Star Trek.
Tiki Barber (03:40): Oh, see, God, you asked good lightning round questions.
Audience (03:43): Star Trek. Which one?
Tiki Barber (03:45): No, it’s not. So if you want to do originals, it’s Star Wars without question.
Ken Lorenz (03:53): Right.
Tiki Barber (03:53): But Paramount+ has come out with Discovery, with Picard. There’s the new one with Captain Pike, who people don’t know, Captain Pike was the pilot, episode captain of Star Trek.
Ken Lorenz (04:09): That’s right.
Tiki Barber (04:10): He was only there for one episode. And then it became, obviously, William Shatner. So it’s hard because now I love Star Trek, but my soul is Star Wars. So even though it got kind of convoluted and George or Bing C.
Audience (04:29): Originals.
Tiki Barber (04:30): Originals, exactly. Star Wars originals. How about that?
Audience (04:34): Peacock has some sort of new-
Tiki Barber (04:36): That’s right.
Audience (04:36): Star Wars thing going on.
Tiki Barber (04:39): That was Star Trek.
Audience (04:40): Star Wars.
Tiki Barber (04:44): Star wars-
Audience (04:45): Paramount was Star Trek.
Tiki Barber (04:45): Yes. Star Wars is Disney.
Audience (04:45): Disney+.
Tiki Barber (04:45): Is Disney.
Ken Lorenz (04:46): Yeah. Obi One is pretty good.
Tiki Barber (04:49): That’s right.
Ken Lorenz (04:50): But it’s Disney. It’s not George Lucas.
Tiki Barber (04:53): Yes.
Ken Lorenz (04:55): Anyway, let’s get down a serious question for second.
Tiki Barber (04:57): Those weren’t serious?
Ken Lorenz (04:58): No. All right. So I can tell you, personally, this was my first business trip in three years, which although, and the team know I traveled extensively 95% of the time, never turned in my expenses on time, almost as bad as Stefan. But this was my first trip on the road. And when you think about building relationships, we all think about three years ago and before that, where we spent a lot of time face to face. Now, coming out of Virginia, moving to New York, you’ve got a lot of people to meet and spend time with, with everything you’re doing. How’d you build relationships during this period? And how did you keep those relationships when you’ve got things like FaceTime and Zoom and so on?
Tiki Barber (05:46): It’s a really good question. I can answer this from a personal standpoint and a professional standpoint. About nine years ago, I started a company with mark Gerson of the Gerson Lehrman Group called Thuzio. It’s an event company, and we have a influencer marketing platform, a SaaS product, that we push out to different companies. And when the pandemic hit our event company basically ended, and we were dead in the water. We had no shot at producing revenue because we did this. We did in-person events. But very quickly we realized the power of Zoom and the power of networking over the internet,and we became one of the leaders in virtual events. And through that process, we figured out how to connect by doing things that are off the beaten path for events. So we would do cooking events. We would do demonstrations, whether it’s sports or otherwise. And it made a different type of connection, but it allows us to serve our client. The beauty of it is that we learned how to do something new that ultimately let us double our revenue and it led to an acquisition event.
Tiki Barber (07:01): And so while a lot of people will look at the pandemic and the negative effects of it, there was also a lot of opportunities in it. And we made a lot of new friends, business clients, that we otherwise Wouldnt have had the bandwidth to reach out to.
Tiki Barber (07:15): From a personal standpoint,it was rough. Because all of a sudden you’re stuck inside. You can’t go have hose Tuesday drinks or Wednesday drinks or Thursday drinks, whatever it is. And for those of you who have kids, especially if you have young kids like me, all of a sudden you’re a teacher, and it was challenging. But it was also revealing. I know this from personal experience. Some of my friends, they’re getting divorced now, because they didn’t enjoy it. But some of our other friends bonded in ways that they didn’t even think they could do. Because they’ve been so busy. They’re doing so many different things. But now all of a sudden they were inside with each other and they found out how much they really enjoyed being around each other, and they don’t hang out on Tuesday or Wednesday or Thursday with us anymore. And so I think, using a negative to create a positive is what we did professionally. And the same thing could be said for us personally, in a lot of ways. I actually loved it, because I commute in the city for my radio show every day.
Tiki Barber (08:25): And back then when the pandemic happened, we were 3:00 to 6:00 PM, which meant that I was fighting traffic for an hour and a half to get home. I’d get home at 7:30, my kids would be getting ready for bed and I would never see them. And then the pandemic happened and my commute was 10 seconds to the kitchen. And so I saw my kids. We’ve subsequently moved to WFAN locally. We do the midday show. And we’re 10:00 to 2:00. So my commute is tougher in the morning, but great in the afternoon. So it’s all worked out. It’s not always the case. But I think the effort in trying to create new ways to make relationships is what most of us, or some of us, got out of the pandemic.
Ken Lorenz (09:04): That’s an awesome answer. Tiki.
Tiki Barber (09:05): Thank you.
Ken Lorenz (09:06): Yeah. Very well done. We had a meeting of our senior team earlier this week. Guys, can I share this a little bit?
Audience (09:21): [inaudible 00:09:21]. Where is the restroom?
Ken Lorenz (09:26): Yeah, no. So we had a meeting in Stefan’s room. It was an internal meeting.
Tiki Barber (09:37): With Stefan there.
Ken Lorenz (09:38): Stefan was there. Hey, you got to picture this. In the hotel we’re in, there’s only a little desk and then there’s a bed in the middle of the room. So we pull up chairs-
Audience (09:50): Who was on the bed, Ken?
Ken Lorenz (09:50): Nobody was on the bed, but we used the bed like a conference table. So we had the chairs pulled up at the side of the bed.
Audience (09:57): Oh, that’s excellent.
Ken Lorenz (09:57): We had a Zoom call, not Zoom, Teams call going.
Tiki Barber (09:58): Yes.
Ken Lorenz (09:59): We’re on video. And one of our team members was still in Edmonton, so the rest of us are in the room. And I looked down and I realized, the three of us are communicating with each other, looking at the camera, not at each other in the room. And there was a level of comfort, actual comfort, of being able to look them on the screen and then look up, oh, all those actually in the room. Oh, Stefan is actually in the room. And I think people are going to have to deal with that what’s reality difference.
Tiki Barber (10:30): That’s right. But I think eye contact is something that actually increased
Ken Lorenz (10:37): Yes.
Tiki Barber (10:37): Because of the pandemic and being on devices all the time.Because all of a sudden you became acutely aware that someone was looking at you. Otherwise, you kind of just there’s traffic in the room. You don’t think about people looking at you. But when you’re sitting in front of a little eye, you know that people are looking at you. Even if they’re not-
Ken Lorenz (10:59): That’s right.
Tiki Barber (10:59): Even if they’re looking whatever at the book or the iPhone or whatever it may be-
Ken Lorenz (11:03): They’re not multitasking.
Tiki Barber (11:05): Of course they are. That’s what we do. But you’re right, I think it created a different connection that I didn’t think would happen from technology, but it does.
Ken Lorenz (11:16): It’s an odd thing.
Tiki Barber (11:17): Yes. But it’s a great thing.
Ken Lorenz (11:19): And we’ll see where it goes going forward.
Tiki Barber (11:21): That’s right.
Ken Lorenz (11:23): All right. More fun questions.
Tiki Barber (11:25): Go ahead.
Ken Lorenz (11:27): So let’s talk a little bit about what have you been up to since you left football?
Tiki Barber (11:33): Oh man, a lot.
Ken Lorenz (11:34): You’ve had a lot going on-
Tiki Barber (11:36): I have six kids.
Ken Lorenz (11:37): Well, that’s one thing.
Tiki Barber (11:38): I have six kids. One is at Princeton. He’s a 20-year-old, almost 20, which is crazy to me that he’s20. An18 year old that graduates tomorrow. He’s heading up to Brown. I have 12-year-old twins who are divas. They’re the girls. I start now having all girls that I deserve. Some 12-year-old twins that are beautiful and they’re great. I got a divorce, which also happened in the interim since my playing time. And I got remarried. And my eight-year-old is doing competitive cheer, which if you don’t know competitive cheer and you think travel baseball is hard, wow, it’s rough. And then a five-year-old who’s my baby. She’s the one that still wants to lay with daddy. Everybody else is done with me. So raising kids is one. I started a company Thuzio that I told you guys about. And I’ve also been in media. Media has been an interesting journey for me. So a lot of people wondered why I retired when I retired. And I mentioned that timing’s a bitch. I left right before the Giants won a Superbowl.
Tiki Barber (12:45): But a couple of things started to happen to me by virtue of being a New Yorker. So during my days, nobody lived in the city, nobody. It was me and Jason Garrett, who was the former office coordinator here; he is now on NBC. Everybody else lived in New Jersey. And I wanted to live in New York. And so I lived in New York, and I met all of these amazing people. And I was walking in these circles that I didn’t belong in because I wasn’t financially well off enough to be in these circles, but I was cool. So I was in these circles, and it just created so many different opportunities, to the point where when I wrote my first children’s book with my twin brother, I was doing events for Fox News. And so Brian Kilmeade said to me one day, he’s like, “Man, you’re really good at selling these books. You should come co-host with me on Fox and Friends.” I was like, “All right, I’ll do that.” This is before they dictated the narrative and all these other things. Did I say that out loud?
Ken Lorenz (13:44): No.
Tiki Barber (13:45): So anyways, I’m now of asudden doing media, talking about things other than sports. And what that led to is relationships. One was with Tony Snow. Now Tony Snow was the Fox News anchor who left to become George Bush’s press secretary. And he ended up getting sick, and ultimately, he passed away. But when he left the White House, he went back to do Fox News radio. And he called me one day and said, “I’m tired of talking politics. I want to talk some sports. Can you call in every Thursday?” So every Thursday, I would call in, and it was awesome. We’d talk about, whatever, Washington, then Redskinsand the Giants and whatever. And then, one day, he says to me, “Tiki, you know who really wants to meet you?” I’m like, “No, who?” He said, “Condoleezza Rice.” And I was like, “What?” He said,”Yeah. She loves sports. She loves football. And she loves the Barbers.” I was like, “All right, have her secretary call me.”So the secretary called me, and about three months later, I go down to the State Department, and I’m having lunch with Condoleezza Rice.
Tiki Barber (14:55): Now, remember, this is 2004-ish, five, maybe. And the war is going bad. And so she has a meeting with the president about the war. She has a meeting with the Japanese finance director about some trade agreement. And then, sandwiched in there is lunch with Tiki Barber. And so that first thing I said, when I walked in was, “I hear you want to be Commissioner of the NFL.” And she says, “I do, but I got to figure out Iran first.” I was like, “All right, so you’re never going to be Commissioner of the NFL.” But it started this interesting whirlwind of chance meetings. I was at [inaudible 00:15:39] and I met Shimon Peres. And he invited me to come to Israel as his guest to see these twin sports schools. And so all of a sudden, all this stuff outside of football, unrelated completely to the sport that I played for a living. But because I lived in New York and I had an image, and a brand, and whatever you want to call it, I was getting these opportunities.
Tiki Barber (15:57): And football was a grind, man. It was beating me up. And I loved it, but I hated it. If that makes sense.
Ken Lorenz (16:04): Oh, it does.
Tiki Barber (16:05): And I saw my next path. I saw it. It was clear as day in front of me. And so I decided to retire. And instead of staying at Fox, I ended up going to NBC and working for the Today Show and Football Night in America and covering the Olympics for MSNBC. But all of a sudden, my life was this. I was viewed as this. Football player, all-time great, leading rusher, blah, blah, blah, that other nonsense. It doesn’t mean anything unless you’re a Giants fan. And then it went hard, right. And so it was awesome, but it taught me about reinvention. And when I went through my divorce, that was the most important lesson that I had. How do I reinvent myself now? Professionally, it’s kind of easy. Personally, it’s hard. Yeah. So I’ve been on a track of reinvention for the last 16 years now. I’ve been retired for a long time.
Ken Lorenz (17:00): And what kind of grade do you give yourself?
Tiki Barber (17:03): I’d say a B, just a B.
Ken Lorenz (17:06): Just a B.
Tiki Barber (17:07): Yeah.
Ken Lorenz (17:08): What would make it an A?
Tiki Barber (17:09): What would make it an A? That’s a good question. COVID was challenging.I didn’t see my kids, my older kids, for a good year because they lived in Connecticut. So FaceTime and all that other stuff was fantastic, but the physical wasn’t there. Because you couldn’t leave Connecticut and then go back to Connecticut. I’m in Jersey, so Connecticut through a state to New Jersey, they would have to miss a week of school every time they came see me. So I didn’t see them for a year in person. And so this is the relationship side, back to that first question. 10-year-old to 12-year-olds, it’s an impressionable moment in their lives, and I completely missed it. And figuring out how to make that bridge happen. I don’t know how you make up for lost years, but if I could figure that out, I’d give myself an A. But I haven’t figured that out. There’s a connection that it was lost a little bit. Not for my older kids because they’re boys-
Ken Lorenz (18:22): They were fine.
Tiki Barber (18:23): They’re knuckleheads, they’re whatever. But for those girls, and for those who have girls in this room, you know, there’s something that happens between 10 and 12 that if you miss it, you’re stuck on the outside. So that’s what I’m trying to figure out.
Ken Lorenz (18:39): Really good. Really good. Let me go down a little different path. First of all, I want to get everybody involved in this. So when you think of yourself, and you think of the job that you’re in right now, some of you probably think of yourselves as a player, a direct producer, whether you’re a banker, you’re an investment banker, you’re a salesperson, you’re on the field. And then a lot of us are in positions where we’re supporting those folks around the field, making sure their systems work, that they got the tools that they need to run their business. I won’t ask you to raise hands in which one you identify with, but we’ve got both in the room. Very similar to what you’ve got in football. And now actually, with all the stuff that you’re doing, you’ve got a lot of people that are supporting you.
Tiki Barber (19:26): That’s right.
Ken Lorenz (19:28): Talk a little bit about what kind of things did you do to bridge that gap? Not just between you and other players, but you and the people that we’re supporting you.
Tiki Barber (19:37): Yeah. I gave this presentation. I wish we had a video. It was just a play. I’ll try to describe it to you. So on Christmas Eve in 2005, we played the Oakland Raiders in Oakland. So we’re on the road. It’s hostile out there. And our first, no, our second series of the game, I ripped off a 95-yard touchdown. It was awesome. And if you watch it, it’s focused on me, Bob Papa’s our play-by-play guy; he’s calling it. And it’s just like, ” Tiki Barber makes [inaudible 00:20:16]. He’s at the 40s. He gets in the sideline. He’s at the 50s.Touchdown. Tiki Barber.” And they show these signs of Tiki with an MVP. And I showed this video. And talked about the importance of relationships. And in my existence as a football player, I spent all of my time with the big fatties up front, the offensive line. They were my gold. They were the ones, to use your example, that were producing and supporting me. Because they’re the ones that take the hits. They’re the ones that have to pull. I would get all the glory, but it was always them.
Tiki Barber (20:53): So come Christmas time, I’d get the TVs. I bought them Panerai watches. They were like, “What is this? I don’t know what’s a Panerai.” They never wore them because thought it was too expensive. I almost bought them Harley’s, but it would’ve been bad if one of them crashed and it was my fault, so I ended up not doing it. And so I talked about my relationship that I had with them. And I spent all these meeting time with them. And after games, I’d take them to Promoloon the Upper East Side and they’d shut down the restaurant. We’d order all these bottles of wine and pasta. I took care of them because I knew that they were actually taking care of me.
Tiki Barber (21:31): And so, at the end of my presentation, I went back, and I showed the clip again, but I had the audio-visual guys slow it down at certain points. And so I started by saying, “The Oakland Raiders knew exactly what play we were running.” They knew it. Because when we got up to the line of scrimmage, they’re going,”Power, power.” Power is a strong side play. You got a leading fullback. You got a leading tight end. You got a guard pulling from the backside. They’re all just smashing in one place. It’s really just to get three yards because we’re backed up. We’re on the five-yard line. We got 95 yards to go. We just need to get three yards. So they’re cheating, and they know what’s happening.
Tiki Barber (22:09): And in my mind, I’m saying, “God, if Sean O’Hara, my center, cuts off the backside. And my right guard shuts off his guy. It’s going to be a hole here.” And so I ran the video. They take about three steps. My left tackle’s blocking two guys. The right guard is pulling around the center. Sean O’ Harris shuts off the back side, the right guard does his job; he smashes his guy and turns him. So there’s just this massive hole. The play’s supposed to go outside, but there’s this massive hole. So what do you do if you see a massive hole?
Ken Lorenz (22:42): Got to run through it.
Tiki Barber (22:46): You take it, you’re on, do it. So I run through it. And I let the tape run again. There’s a safety coming down to meet me, and I get him in the hole. And I’m old at this point, but I still shake him. And he misses me. But the safety is there, but the corner’s coming too. And I’m like, “Oh shit, here’s the corner.” I stopped it again. And I said, “What happens?” Plaxico Burress, who is one of our wide receivers, comes in, ears hole the shit out, just nails him right in the side of the head. And I was like, “I couldn’t have made that guy miss:” but Plaxico Burress cleaned him up for me.
Tiki Barber (23:14): So now, all of a sudden, I let the tape run again, I’m on the sideline. And here comes Amani Toomer. Amani Toomer is on the other side of the field. He comes all the way across the field and blocks the other safety, and holds him up. Plaxico, by the way, hits this guy on the side of the face, turns around, and escorts me up the sideline. And so, in the original showing of this video, it was about me. It was Tiki Barber with a great cut. He cuts to the sideline. Touchdown TikiBarber MVP. Nonsense. But in actuality, the only reason that play worked is because Luke Petitgout did more than his job, because he blocked two. Sean O’Hara cut off the backside, did exactly what he was supposed to do. Chris Snee, he blocked his guy, created a hole. I make a guy miss, but then Plaxico Burress blocks a guy. Receivers are divas, they don’t block. But he blocks a guy.
Tiki Barber (24:08): More than that, he turns around and goes above and beyond and escorts me down the field. Monihustles his off across the field and blocks another guy. So it happened because of we, not me. And so when I think about team and success, it has to be we. It may look like me, but it has to be we. And so when I think about team, a lot of my lessons come from my years playing football. And it’s a reason that athletes get asked to talk a lot because they have immediate examples. Sometimes you got to wait a quarter if you’re in your business, or you got to see the results, you got to see the big picture come in. For us, it was, “Did you do your job right now?” And you’re going to get booed, cheered, whatever. Right now. The eye in the sky don’t lie. But it also reveals a lot, including the power of teamwork.
Ken Lorenz (25:06): Great story.
Audience (25:07): Great story. That’s great.
Ken Lorenz (25:10): I’ll choose you on that one.
Tiki Barber (25:12): Cheers. That’s why they got good gifts.
Ken Lorenz (25:15): All right. I’ve got one last formal question, then we’ll just switch out. You had an interview back in January. I actually did a little homework, except I can never remember this gentleman’s name, nor can I read it without these readers.
Tiki Barber (25:30): I’m at that stage too, man. It’s so depressing, dude. My mom used to hold stuff like here, and I’m like, “What are you doing, mom?” Dude, it happened like that.
Ken Lorenz (25:43): I used to text and drive. I don’t do it anymore. You know why? Because I can’t see with these on while I’m texting.
Audience (25:51): [inaudible 00:25:51] pulled over.
Ken Lorenz (25:51): What did I say?
Audience (25:51): You got pulled over, my friend.
Ken Lorenz (25:53): All right. So you had an interviewer, Orlane Casadore.
Tiki Barber (25:56): Yeah. Casadore.
Ken Lorenz (25:59): He interviewed you back in January. And he was talking about your time in Virginia, he was talking about success in failure. And you were talking about it, and you made a comment that actually quoted your mom.
Tiki Barber (26:09): Yeah. My mom’s the best.
Ken Lorenz (26:11): Mom’s the best.
Tiki Barber (26:12): Yes.
Ken Lorenz (26:12): Absolutely. She said, make sure I get the quote right, “You never really fail unless you stop trying.”
Tiki Barber (26:19): That’s correct.
Ken Lorenz (26:21): So it made me think about something I say to my team on a regular basis, which is, “You can win alone, but you can never lose alone.” And I put those two things together. What I’d love to hear, and I think everybody would love to hear, is, look, you’ve hit a great career, you’ve got great things going, but there’s got to be times where you went, “I got to stop.”
Tiki Barber (26:47): Oh yeah.
Ken Lorenz (26:47): “I got to give up.”
Tiki Barber (26:48): Oh yeah. I’ve failed a lot, but I’ve also learned to embrace it. I’ve learned to not fear it and be scared of it. So I’ve done a lot of shit. Obviously, I played football. But early on in my career, I was doing WFAN, these station I work for now. I was doing during my career in the overnights. So I’d go work at 10 o’clock in the off-season. 10 o’clock at night, till 2:00 in the morning. I took an acting class, and I acted. In fact, I ended up on Broadway about two years ago, three years ago, doing Kinky Boots, which was amazing. I started a business in the real estate space, in affordable housing, because Steve Ross, who owns the Dolphins, had a portfolio down in my hometown, and he wanted to acquire it, and he thought I could help. It was in 2008. The time makes sense. Tax credit equity went from 98 cents on a dollar to 68 cents on a dollar. And nobody was giving you any debt financing. So we defaulted. He saved me, so it was okay.
Ken Lorenz (27:50): So hang on, I got to back you up. You played, was it, Danny, in Kinky Boots?
Tiki Barber (27:55): I did.
Ken Lorenz (27:56): How was that?
Tiki Barber (27:56): No, I played Don.
Ken Lorenz (27:57): Don.
Tiki Barber (27:58): I played Don. It was originally played by Dan Sherman. Now, Dan had seven weeks off because he was going to do a play at the Paper Mill Playhouse in New Jersey, so they asked me if I was interested in learning the role and playing Don, who is the thesis of the show. I don’t know if anybody seen Kinky Boots, anybody see it?
Audience (28:17): Yeah.
Tiki Barber (28:20): This is a timeout. Let me take a 30 seconds. I’ve done a lot professionally, Kinky Boots might have been the most fulfilling thing I’ve ever done in my life. And I’m not joking. If you don’t know the show, the production, it’s about a shoe store owner whose dad dies. He takes over. It’s struggling. He goes to London, he meets a drag queen, and the drag queen convinces him to make Kinky Boots, tall boots for drag queens. So you can imagine what the final scene was like, my thigh-high stiletto heels. And my character Don is the antagonist. He doesn’t want this to happen. And so I’m playing a role that clearly you guys know is not me. Someone who’s just mean and like… But I learned it.
Tiki Barber (29:16): And over the course of the show, Don changes his tune. And the last line of the production is a song, the Six Stages to Success. And the last one is you change the world when you change your mind. And so by that point, even if you don’t know the show, you are on your feet, you are singing, “Just be who you want to be. Celebrate yourself. Try openly. Just be.” No, dude, I’m not even joking. I literally almost cry every night. So I didn’t take off from my radio show. So at six o’clock, I would sprint to my car, get in my car and I’d fly around up 8th Avenue. I’d park somewhere down there. And then I’d walk the last two blocks to the theater, which was on 8th and 43rd. And so I’d be walking up 8th Avenue, I’d usually sit on the other side, just in case someone recognized me.
Tiki Barber (30:23): And I’d see this line, a line out of the theater and down 8th Avenue. And I used to get emotional just walking up the line, because I’d see these people who maybe knew it, where they were in for, but didn’t really know. But I knew that every one of them in about three hours, were going to be on their feet, singing a song and feeling love. And I asked Callum Francis, who played Lola when I was there, he’s the main character. I was like, “Man, this is amazing.” He’s like, “You know why you feel that way, Tiki?” He said, “Because this show is about love. It’s about acceptance. It’s about seeing things in a different light. And we throw all of that out to the audience.” We’re like, “Here, take this love, take it, take it.” And like a tidal wave, eventually, it all comes back. And so at the end of the show, you’re overwhelmed. And so football was great. Some people cared that we [inaudible 00:31:32], and some people didn’t. But very few people changed their perspective on the world and people in the world than those that watch this show.
Tiki Barber (31:43): And here’s the funny thing. So his boyfriend, Callum’s boyfriend, Ainsley, was Aladdin in Aladdin Latin at the same time. And so my daughter was like, “I want to see Aladdin, I want to see Aladdin.” And so Callum said to me, “You’ll go see Aladdin, but you won’t like it.” I was like, “What are you talking about?” Everyone watched Aladdin when you were growing up. We’d love Aladdin.
Ken Lorenz (32:07): Sure.
Tiki Barber (32:08): I was like, “You’re going to love it.” He’s like, “Watch it and then come talk to me.” So when we go and watch it, we take Brooklyn; she loves it. She’s in her glory. And I’m watching it. I’m like, “I don’t really like this. It’s just entertainment.” And so afterward, it’s like, “Callum, you were right.” And he is like, “It’s just entertainment. There’s no meaning.” And so very few things that I’ve done had the meaning of doing a Broadway show about acceptance. And I don’t know why I got on that tangent, but.
Ken Lorenz (32:46): For those of us that haven’t seen it, we’re going to go see it now.
Tiki Barber (32:51): Well, it [inaudible 00:32:53], but it is coming back off-Broadway, and Callum is the lead.
Ken Lorenz (32:57): Nice.
Tiki Barber (32:59): My Lola, I mean, it was originated by-
Ken Lorenz (33:01): Are you going, man?
Tiki Barber (33:02): I am going. It was originated by, what’s his name? Billy Porter. And he’s fantastic. But Callum, if you didn’t see it with Callum, Callum is beautiful. He is a beautiful, tall, gorgeous man. And most of my male friends, non-homosexual, would come up to me after the show and say, “There’s no way that’s a man.”I’m like, “He’s standing right here.” “I love him. He’s so gorgeous. There’s no way he’s not.” “He’s a man. Trust me.” And so if you go see it, when it comes back off off Broadway, Callum will be the lead, and he’s fantastic. I forget what your original question was.
Ken Lorenz (33:47): That’s quite all right. I’m not sure it matters. Well, we were talking about you don’t fail-
Tiki Barber (33:54): Oh, not failing, not failing.
Ken Lorenz (33:55): Not failing.
Tiki Barber (33:56): So my point was, I tried everything. I didn’t know if I was going to be successful at that. I had no idea. But I’ve never been afraid to fail. And I also know that if you do have moments of setback and you’re part of a good team, they’re going to pick you up. My biggest issue in my professional career as an athlete, football player, was fumbling. And I remember when coach Coughlin, our new head coach, came in 2004. The first thing he said to me was, “I don’t care how good you are,” because I was good. “I don’t care how good you are, if you’re fumbling and you’re a liability, you’re not playing.” And I was like,” Okay.” It’s like dicey.
Tiki Barber (34:40): And so I ended up working with my running back coach, Gerald Ingram. And for the entire off-season, I carried the ball high and tight. It became mechanical. It used to be like, “Hold the ball, just hold it across and squeeze it tight.” It doesn’t work. It’s mechanically flawed to hold a football like this because there’s access up top, and there’s a void in the bottom. And so he said, “We got to hold it vertical. You got to keep your elbow to your side at all times. And when you come into contact, a linebacker is stronger than you, so he could pull your arm away, so when you go on the contact, take your off ball hand, cover it and go to go through contact like this. If you come out of it, you can take it off. But if not, keep it there and go to the ground like that, learn how to fall like that.” So it was mechanics and learning how to fall. And I drilled this for months.
Tiki Barber (35:31): And by the time the next season started, that ’04 season, I’m carrying the football right up under my chin. And people, if you follow football, you recognize this; it’s become something I’ve been known for. But it was because coach Coughlin was like, “Take me high and tight.” And I was like, “Fuck you, high and tight.” [inaudible 00:35:47] right there. And so I carried it high and tight. And interestingly, it made me faster. So speed, and I only know this because I ran track speed, is three things, stride length, stride frequency, which is important, and strength. How powerful you are, how many iterations of your steps you can do, and what the distance you cover and eat with each step you take. So there’s nothing I can do about stride length, I’m 5’9.5″; it is what it is. I could get stronger. So I started working out and building stronger, deadlifted and squatting. But frequency, my frequency changed when I started carrying the ball like this.
Tiki Barber (36:30): So your arms, I don’t know if anybody’s a runner here, but your arms have to match your leg frequency. They have to. Your arms can’t pump faster than your legs are; it’s just natural. Because think about it. If this leg is going forward, this arm can’t pump twice. And so what would happen was because I was right here, so instead of running like this, I’m tight like this. Now my feet are not doing that. My feet are going like this. They’re striking faster. And so I actually became faster. So even though I was 29 years old and beat up, almost a decade in the league, I got faster because I fixed my ball-carrying style. And I turned into an Elite Player. I rushed for as many yards in those last three seasons as I did in my first seven. The last three, as many yards as the first seven. And was an All-Pro and was one of the best players in the game. But it only happened because I failed gloriously, but then had my team and my coaches help me fix it, instead of being combative against failure.
Tiki Barber (37:50): Most people want to combat failure. You should brace it and fix it. And then what are they going to say about you? That was my stance. Never stopped trying.
Audience (38:02): [inaudible 00:38:02].
Ken Lorenz (38:02): All right. So two questions.
Audience (38:04): Yes.
Ken Lorenz (38:04): We’ll make them easy. Okay.
Tiki Barber (38:06): Yankees, Mets.
Audience (38:06): LGM.
Ken Lorenz (38:09): Yeah. Okay. Let’s go there. Yankees, Mets.
Tiki Barber (38:10): Yankees, man.
Ken Lorenz (38:12): Islanders, Rangers.
Tiki Barber (38:15): What was the question? I missed it.
Ken Lorenz (38:16): Islanders, Rangers.
Tiki Barber (38:17): This is a historical question.
Audience (38:19): [inaudible 00:38:19] Devils please? Jersey. He’s a Jersey guy.
Tiki Barber (38:24): Is Ken Daneyko coming back [inaudible 00:38:26].
Audience (38:26): [inaudible 00:38:26]. He’s good, dude.
Tiki Barber (38:29): I’m going to say Rangers because of Shesterkin. And Yankees.
Ken Lorenz(38:35): All right.
Tiki Barber (38:36): Even though I think the Mets, we had this debate on my radio show today, if the Mets and the Yankees played in the World Series, and the Mets get healthy. So Scherzer comes back, which looks like he is, he is going to come on Sunday, and deGrom comes back. Who has the inch? And McNeil. Who has the in chin the World Series? It’s the Mets. You’re right.
Audience (38:57): Thank you.
Tiki Barber (38:58): If the Mets are healthy, the Mets are better than the Yankees.
Audience (39:04): All right. You heard it here. I felt like there was a little coaching going on there.
Ken Lorenz (39:06): All right. Last two quick questions.
Tiki Barber (39:06): That’s reading the room.
Audience (39:18): Exactly. [inaudible 00:39:18].
Ken Lorenz (39:18): Is there anything you want to share with this crowd? Anything you want to share? You’ve got the opportunity to share any piece of advice you want to share.
Tiki Barber (39:26): You get the operative word, and this is because it’s my life. It’s funny, another story, I can’t help it, can’t help myself. So I got asked to do a Cadillac commercial back in ’05 after I had one of my really good…Actually, I think it was before that, maybe it was ’04. I got asked to do a Cadillac commercial, and they gave me the Caddy; it was awesome. Driving this free truck, it was great. But they filmed this commercial over in Brooklyn, and it was all this makeup and do all this walk up to the car. And this was pre-social media commercials. And so we did a traditional commercial. And at the end, they said, “We’re going to try something just for our Facebook page.” And I drove, and they had a guy sitting in the front seat, and he just had a little handheld camera. And he was just asking me questions. Like, “Hey, tell me about New York, playing in New York.” And tell me about this and tell me about that.
Tiki Barber (40:26): And they asked me about my time at Virginia. And they said, “Well, tell me about your career at Virginia.” And it just led into this stream of consciousness. So at Virginia, I was just a guy, a Jag, they call us, J-A-G, just the guy. A guy who’s there. If you call a JAG, be better. Someone calls you a JAG, be better. So I was just the guy at Virginia. And going into my third season, I wasn’t the starter. And then Kevin Brooks, this is the story I told. And then Kevin Brooks hurt his hamstring right before we played the University of Michigan in the Pigskin Classic, which was a standalone game on national television.UVA playing Michigan in the big house.
Ken Lorenz (41:07): Right.
Tiki Barber (41:08): And first, second series we want to draw. Jared Irons hits me in the hole, nails me, separates my shoulder. But I knocked me outside, and I go 80 yards for a touchdown. I ended up having 180 yards in that game. And my career took off. I was the ACCOfficer Player of the Year. From that point on, instead of thinking, “I’m working at Oracle, I’m now going to the NFL.” And that’s not a joke. It happened. Seriously, I was a programmer. I went from working at Oracle to going to the NFL in that game. Really, one play. But it was because I was ready for the opportunity. And I was nervous as hell. Here I was, third-year guy. Not really anything. My brother was a star, but I was just a guy. And I got this opportunity and became a star.
Tiki Barber (42:02): And so in this Cadillac interview, this guy sitting next to me. And we’re driving over the Brooklyn Bridge or whatever bridge it was in Lower Manhattan. And I say, “Opportunities are rarely perfect, but I also know if you’re not ready for them, they might not come again.” That became the commercial. All that that shit we did beforehand. The eight hours of filming in Brooklyn, they scrapped it. They took this little handheld video, and it became the commercial. In fact, they played it in the Super Bowl. It became a Super Bowl commercial. And it was pre-doing internet stuff. And so, what I know is that opportunities are rarely ideal. It could be like, “Yeah, no, I really want to do that.” “Man. Do you want to go on Broadway, really?” “Do you really want to try to be a Today Show correspondent?” “Do you really want to start a business?” All these things. They’re just opportunities.
Tiki Barber (43:04): And so if I was leaving you a message, it would be, don’t be afraid of the opportunities, man. Because you don’t know where they’re going. You don’t. And if you let it pass by, it might not come again.
Ken Lorenz (43:20): Very cool.
Audience (43:20): Very cool.
Ken Lorenz (43:26): So tradition, the last question is actually yours. You get to ask me anything you want to ask. Now, this could be one of those opportunities.
Tiki Barber (43:38): Yes.
Ken Lorenz (43:40): Or a great risk. But I’ll let…
Tiki Barber (43:44): I will ask you because you’re head of sales, and this was centered on relationships and all the ones that I now have made. I feel like I know you guys now. In your career, the most important relationship you’ve ever made was what?
Ken Lorenz (44:05): It’s an easy one.
Tiki Barber (44:06): Don’t don’t say, Aldo.Ken Lorenz (44:07):No. My wife of 30 years.
Tiki Barber (44:15): Why?
Ken Lorenz (44:16): So I will share this story. And I got somebody that knows that’s going to keep me honest on this story. SoI went to Canisius was studying programming. I thought I wanted to go to Berkeley and be an AI researcher. Some things happened in my life with a girl I was dating in college that didn’t work out. Fourth year of college, I end up connecting up with now my wife, who had moved to Texas and worked for a company called Great Plain Software. She was a channel manager. And we hit it off in Buffalo. And she said, “This is too quick to end. Why don’t you book a flight and come to Austin, spend two weeks. If we like each other after two weeks, and you can find a job, stay. And if either one of these things doesn’t work out, get on a plane, go home, call a two-week vacation, go back to your life.” Never turned around.
Ken Lorenz (45:14): And so opportunity was, “I’ve got this opportunity to be with this fantastic woman.” And I took it. And it led me into this career, into this industry. I’ve been in this industry since I left college.
Tiki Barber(45:26): Wow.
Ken Lorenz (45:26): And haven’t left it and have had just a fantastic roaring time. So easy question, thank you.
Tiki Barber (45:33): That’s why you’re still married 33 years later.
Ken Lorenz (45:35): Yes.
Tiki Barber (45:36): You’re successful because of her.
Ken Lorenz (45:37): Yes.
Tiki Barber (45:39): That’s right. Absolutely, you find the right partner, you’re good to go.
Ken Lorenz (45:41): Absolutely. Tiki, it was a pleasure.
Tiki Barber (45:43): Thank you, brother.
Speaker 1 (45:50): Thank you for tuning into the Rev-Tech Revolution Podcast. If you enjoyed this episode, please don’t forget to rate, review and share this with colleagues who would benefit from it. If you would like to learn more about how Riva can help you improve your customer data operations, check outrivaengine.com. | <urn:uuid:16549acd-534f-4edc-a934-ae6ff5cb3436> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rivaengine.com/podcast/the-importance-of-teamwork-with-tiki-barber/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.960905 | 13,041 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Re-training a standardbred - training to trot not pace
My friend has a standardbred "Rupert", 17h and delicious. He finished racing 6months ago (he is 8) and he paces, she we would like to teach him to trot, can anyone gives us any tips?
Someone in another thread suggested ground poles... makes perfect sense to me although I don't really have any experience with pacing.
I honestly don't know but I am anxious to hear what others have to say about it.... :P
long road ahead
Since these horses are not use to leg pressure you have to get them use to that.
When asking for a trot do as you would any other horse you would teach to trot, but with your pacer do not loosen up on the rains.
It will take awhile for your horse to get use to the leg pressure, so don't get upset. Give him time to adjust and as soon as he gets comfortable to the leg pressure and understands what it is your asking you can start loosening the reins as he progress' in his training.
be patient, strong, confident, and don't anticipate when you feel he should have gotten it. When you don't anticipate or expect you will be rewarded one day when he does tell you he understands. :idea:
this might sound wired.....but when my aunt gave her standerd away she had them of set his shoe's ...talk to your black smith
My standardbred Mojo was off the track for 7 months before i bought him and wheni rode him i tightened the reins and asked for a trot and he did a slow pace for a while and evenually became i smooth gait..it took me 3 months to teach him to trot. be patient with you horse and u will get what you want. GOOD LUCK! [img]
learning to trot
Hi Gonna try to help... I've retrained several standardbreds to walk trot canter. Even to collect and take a good frame! Assuming your horse is already being ridden adn responding well to a snaffle, the easiest way to get him to trot will be to start by going over rails! just small ones but this will lead to to landing on a certain lead and aoon a canter when coming off the jump in a turn... Then after a couple of weeks.He will trot after his canter! And away you go from there....Don't forget, the jump isn't going to feel good but its the easiest way to do this....
I have recently retrained a 16hh standardbred gelding called ystwyth shon (shawny). He was nearly 8yrs old and been in race training his whole life (so very programed to pace and had never been sat on)
This is him when i got him home -racing fit and extremely skinny!!
I started his ridden career with firstly lunging him in tack and then moving onto using loose side reins (always with the inside rein slightly shorter helping him to be less ridged and tense, and aiding him to learn flexion through his neck.
I used lots of voice aids to help him understand what i was asking and backing up the use of my leg as i assumed he would be sharp off the leg having never had somebody on him.
I then introduced poles onto the circle at a trot stride and allowed him to pick his way over them-he picked up that he needed to used trot very quickly and soon showed the most amazing extension!
I then got on board and hacked him out for around two weeks, asking for trot usually up hill to build up his bum muscles as he was all shoulder! Everytime he went to pace i pulled him back to walk. Because he was so forward it was a reward for him to be aloud to go forwards. Everytime he trotted i allowed the forwards motion.
I then moved on to taking him into the menage. He was very green and had no sense of direction what-so-ever and so needed a contact at all times. I would ask for quicker and slower walk as brakes werent his strong point and i didnt want to pull him around and also wanted to keep him a soft snaffle mouth. The i would ask for trot, if he didnt pick it up within the forst 3 strides i would make him come back to walk. He soon picked it up again-however as soon as he got worried about something he would resort back to his comfort pace.
I found riding him for 20minutes in the morning and then again in the evening for 20minutes would help more than doing a very long stint and getting fed up with each other.
Here he is 4weeks later (still a little tense, but he was worrying about the fog)
As for canter poles again did help, but i found taking him out into a nice big field or gallops if you have them and pushin him hard and getting a decent gallop, helped his brain to realise that he could go fast without pacing. It was hard to sit but he got what i was aiming for. LOTS OF PRAISE IS KEY! If he did something right i made sure he new it and because of their nature they always want to please! I then took him back into the menage and put up a small cross pole. He leapt it, but after the 2nd time he did land in canter! I praised him and he did it again-but for longer then next time!
I then put up a grid of 3 uprights around 2ft6 (he had a huge jump and didnt look at anything less and would run through them) and loose jumped him down on both reins. He cocked it up a few times but again tried very hard and got it. He now walks, trots, canters, jumps a course of 4ft easy, does cross country, gained 66% in his first prelim, and is now at a new home with a lovely girl and doing really well!
Sorry for the essay but i wanted to share my experiences and help the best i could! Standardbreds are amazing horses and extremely overlooked as a breed.
Look at how gorgeous a riding horse shawny is!
Best of luck! Let me know how your friend gets on,
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The IDE driver has five sources of information about the geometry. The first (G_user) is the one specified by the user on the command line. The second (G_bios) is the BIOS Fixed Disk Parameter Table (for first and second disk only) that is read on system startup, before the switch to 32-bit mode. The third (G_phys) and fourth (G_log) are returned by the IDE controller as a response to the IDENTIFY command - they are the `physical' and `current logical' geometries.
On the other hand, the driver needs two values for the geometry:
on the one hand G_fdisk, returned by a
HDIO_GETGEO ioctl, and
on the other hand G_used, which is actually used for doing I/O.
Both G_fdisk and G_used are initialized to G_user if given, to
G_bios when this information is present according to CMOS, and
to G_phys otherwise. If G_log looks reasonable then G_used is set
to that. Otherwise, if G_used is unreasonable and G_phys looks
reasonable then G_used is set to G_phys. Here `reasonable' means
that the number of heads is in the range 1-16.
To say this in other words: the command line overrides the BIOS,
and will determine what
fdisk sees, but if it specifies a
translated geometry (with more than 16 heads), then for kernel I/O
it will be overridden by output of the IDENTIFY command.
Note that G_bios is rather unreliable: for systems booting from SCSI the first and second disk may well be SCSI disks, and the geometry that the BIOS reported for sda is used by the kernel for hda. Moreover, disks that are not mentioned in the BIOS Setup are not seen by the BIOS. This means that, e.g., in an IDE-only system where hdb is not given in the Setup, the geometries reported by the BIOS for the first and second disk will apply to hda and hdc.
In order to avoid such confusion, since Linux 2.5.51 G_bios is not used anymore.
When an IDE drive is sent the IDENTIFY DRIVE (0xec) command, it will return 256 words (512 bytes) of information. This contains lots of technical stuff. Let us only describe here what plays a role in geometry matters. The words are numbered 0-255.
We find four pieces of information here: DefaultCHS (words 1,3,6), CurrentCHS (words 54-58) and LBAcapacity (words 60-61) and 48-bit capacity (words 100-103).
|0||bit field: bit 6: fixed disk, bit 7: removable medium||0x0040|
|1||Default number of cylinders||16383|
|3||Default number of heads||16|
|6||Default number of sectors per track||63|
|10-19||Serial number (in ASCII)||G8067TME|
|23-26||Firmware revision (in ASCII)||GAK&1B0|
|27-46||Model name (in ASCII)||Maxtor 4G160J8|
|49||bit field: bit 9: LBA supported||0x2f00|
|53||bit field: bit 0: words 54-58 are valid||0x0007|
|54||Current number of cylinders||16383|
|55||Current number of heads||16|
|56||Current number of sectors per track||63|
|57-58||Current LBA capacity||16514064|
|60-61||Default LBA capacity||268435455|
|82-83||Command sets supported||7c69 4f09|
|85-86||Command sets enabled||7c68 0e01|
|100-103||Maximum user LBA for 48-bit addressing||320173056|
|255||Checksum and signature (0xa5)||0x44a5|
In the ASCII strings each word contains two characters, the high order byte the first, the low order byte the second. The 32-bit values are given with low order word first. Words 54-58 are set by the command INITIALIZE DRIVE PARAMETERS (0x91). They are significant only when CHS addressing is used, but may help to find the actual disk size in case the disk sets DefaultCHS to 4092/16/63 in order to avoid BIOS problems.
Sometimes, when a jumper causes a big drive to misreport LBAcapacity (often to 66055248 sectors, in order to stay below the 33.8 GB limit), one needs a fourth piece of information to find the actual disk size, namely the result of the READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS (0xf8) command.
The situation for SCSI is slightly different, as the SCSI commands
already use logical block numbers, so a `geometry' is entirely
irrelevant for actual I/O.
However, the format of the partition table is still the same,
fdisk has to invent some geometry, and also uses
HDIO_GETGEO here -
fdisk does not distinguish between IDE and SCSI disks.
As one can see from the detailed description below, the various
drivers each invent a somewhat different geometry. Indeed, one big mess.
If you are not using DOS or so, then avoid all extended translation settings, and just use 64 heads, 32 sectors per track (for a nice, convenient 1 MiB per cylinder), if possible, so that no problems arise when you move the disk from one controller to another. Some SCSI disk drivers (aha152x, pas16, ppa, qlogicfas, qlogicisp) are so nervous about DOS compatibility that they will not allow a Linux-only system to use more than about 8 GiB. This is a bug.
What is the real geometry?
The easiest answer is that there is no such thing.
And if there were, you wouldn't want to know, and certainly
NEVER, EVER tell
fdisk or LILO or the kernel about it.
It is strictly a business between the SCSI controller and the disk.
Let me repeat that: only silly people tell
the true SCSI disk geometry.
But if you are curious and insist, you might ask the disk itself.
There is the important command READ CAPACITY that will give the total
size of the disk, and there is the MODE SENSE command, that in the
Rigid Disk Drive Geometry Page (page 04) gives the number of cylinders
and heads (this is information that cannot be changed), and in the
Format Page (page 03) gives the number of bytes per sector,
and sectors per track. This latter number is typically dependent upon
the notch, and the number of sectors per track varies - the outer
tracks have more sectors than the inner tracks.
The Linux program
scsiinfo will give this information.
There are many details and complications, and it is clear that nobody
(probably not even the operating system) wants to use this information.
Moreover, as long as we are only concerned about
fdisk and LILO,
one typically gets answers like C/H/S=4476/27/171 - values that
cannot be used by
fdisk because the partition table reserves only
10 resp. 8 resp. 6 bits for C/H/S.
Then where does the kernel
HDIO_GETGEO get its information from?
Well, either from the SCSI controller, or by making an educated guess.
Some drivers seem to think that we want to know `reality', but
of course we only want to know what the DOS or OS/2 FDISK
(or Adaptec AFDISK, etc) will use.
Note that Linux
fdisk needs the numbers H and S of heads and sectors
per track to convert LBA sector numbers into c/h/s addresses, but the
number C of cylinders does not play a role in this conversion.
Some drivers use (C,H,S) = (1023,255,63) to signal that the drive
capacity is at least 1023
*63 sectors. This is unfortunate,
since it does not reveal the actual size, and will limit the
users of most
fdisk versions to about 8 GiB of their disks -
a real limitation in these days.
In the description below, M denotes the total disk capacity,
and C, H, S the number of cylinders, heads and sectors per track.
It suffices to give H, S if we regard C as defined by M / (H
By default, H=64, S=32.
H=64, S=32 unless C > 1024, in which case
H=255, S=63, C = min(1023, M/(H
(Thus C is truncated, and H
*C is not an approximation to
the disk capacity M. This will confuse most versions of
ppa.c code uses M+1 instead of M and says that due to a
sd.c M is off by 1.
H=64, S=32 unless C > 1024 and moreover the `> 1 GB' option in the BIOS is enabled, in which case H=255, S=63.
Ask the controller which of two possible translation schemes is in use, and use either H=255, S=63 or H=64, S=32. In the former case there is a boot message "aha1542.c: Using extended bios translation".
H=64, S=32 unless C > 1024, and moreover
either the "extended" boot parameter was given,
or the `extended' bit was set in the SEEPROM or BIOS,
in which case H=255, S=63.
In Linux 2.0.36 this extended translation would always be set
in case no SEEPROM was found, but in Linux 2.2.6 if no SEEPROM
is found extended translation is set only when the user asked
for it using this boot parameter (while when a SEEPROM is found,
the boot parameter is ignored).
This means that a setup that works under 2.0.36 may fail to boot
with 2.2.6 (and require the
linear keyword for LILO, or
aic7xxx=extended kernel boot parameter).
H=64, S=32 unless C >= 1024, and moreover extended translation was enabled on the controller, in which case if M < 2^22 then H=128, S=32; otherwise H=255, S=63. However, after making this choice for (C,H,S), the partition table is read, and if for one of the three possibilities (H,S) = (64,32), (128,32), (255,63) the value endH=H-1 is seen somewhere then that pair (H,S) is used, and a boot message is printed "Adopting Geometry from Partition Table".
Find the geometry information in the BIOS Drive Parameter Table,
or read the partition table and use H=endH+1, S=endS for the first
partition, provided it is nonempty, or use H=64, S=32 for M < 2^21 (1 GiB),
H=128, S=63 for M < 63
*2^17 (3.9 GiB) and H=255, S=63 otherwise.
Use the first of (H,S) = (64,32), (64,63), (128,63), (255,63) that will make C <= 1024. In the last case, truncate C at 1023.
Read C,H,S from the disk. (Horrors!) If C or S is too large, then
put S=17, H=2 and double H until C <= 1024. This means that H will
be set to 0 if M > 128
*17 (1.1 GiB). This is a bug.
One of three mappings ((H,S) = (16,63), (64,32), (64,63)) is used depending on the controller mapping mode.
Look at the partition table. Since by convention partitions end
on a cylinder boundary, we can, given
end = (endC,endH,endS)
for any partition, just put H =
endH+1 and S =
that sectors are counted from 1.)
More precisely, the following is done.
If there is a nonempty partition, pick the partition with the largest
For that partition, look at
both by adding
length and by assuming that this
partition ends on a cylinder boundary. If both values agree, or
endC = 1023 and
start+length is an integral multiple of
then assume that this partition really was aligned on a cylinder
boundary, and put H =
endH+1 and S =
If this fails, either because there are no partitions, or because
they have strange sizes, then look only at the disk capacity M.
Algorithm: put H = M/(62
*1024) (rounded up), S = M/(1024
(rounded up), C = M/(H
*S) (rounded down).
This has the effect of producing a (C,H,S) with C at most 1024
and S at most 62. | <urn:uuid:b06108eb-b795-4b3f-b5fd-dc9b74b4f2ef> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/Large-Disk-10.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00035-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.862492 | 2,930 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Micro Life Zone
Asked by ultimatezeus to Dirk, Elise, Janette, Renee, Yusuf on 21 May 2012.
Keywords: animal, energy
There’s not really any such thing as ‘pure energy’. Energy exists in a lot of different forms – there’s electromagnetic energy (everything from gamma rays to visible light to radio waves), kinetic energy, thermal energy… Einstein’s famous E=mc2 equation shows that energy and matter are explicitly related, that is, the amount of mass an object has is also a way to measure how much energy it has. So if you look at it that way, we are already creatures made of energy.
I would have to say no. Biological materials tend to exist in equilbrium, where the rate of energy production is balanced by the rate of energy use. It is hard to imagine a way to increase production of something like ATP, the cellular energy source, without first overhauling how our system works, or indeed how we produce the energy packages!
No. Like Renee said there isn’t such thing as ‘pure’ energy. Energy has to take some form. In the case of humans, our energy comes from from the food we eat and is converted to ATP (like Elise mentioned) for our cells to be able to function. So in addition to what Renee said about us being made of energy due to Einstein’s famous equation, you could say that we are made of biological energy because of the way we convert food to keep our cells going!
That being said, I like to think that there may be lifeforms out there based on other kinds of energy – say a creature that is electrical energy rather than biological like us.
Like the ladies said, no. As there is no pure energy as discussed on a previous question.
However, I have an ‘out’ if we ignore the ‘pure’ part. Renee mentioned Einstein’s famous:
E = mc^2
That means matter traveling at the speed of light is/transforms into energy. Soooo … if a human could be sped up to that speed, which is rather improbable, his/her body would become energy! I am not quite sure I’d fancy that process though.
What is pure energy? A ball of lighting? Even light has a point of origin and travels in all different directions, so this idea of ball of lighting sticking around does not make sense beyond science fiction either.
What would pure energy eat? Other pieces of energy? How would it capture and hold onto other energy.
Nope, this pure energy idea is not going to fly!
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One of the scholars of York University named Paras Kalsi died as a result of unspecified causes. The horrific information shocked everybody and the information even went viral on the Internet. The mysterious incident is grabbing the eye of the viewers and makes them curious to know extra concerning the distinguished causes for Paras’ loss of life. The younger boy took his final breath on thirteenth March 2022 on the time he was round 22 years of his age on the time. The information wreaked havoc everywhere in the Internet. Get extra info on Paras Kalsi from York University and his loss of life trigger.
According to the newest reviews, Kalsi was belonged to an Indian family and was the coed of a 4th-year pupil at Lassonde School of Engineering at York University. As we talked about above that his loss of life happened below intriguing circumstances that shocked your entire college. As far it’s involved Paras’ explanation for loss of life has develop into probably the most searched subjects on the large looking platform. As he wasn’t affected by any deadly illness or met with an accident. Other pupils of the college shared that he was a intelligent scholar.
Beforehand, Kalsi was learning at Thistletown Collegiate Institute. Later, he bought admitted to York University for additional research. He was pursuing the faculty for a level in mechanical engineering from the Lassonde School of Engineering. As per Paras’ document, he was learning within the 4th 12 months and inside 12 months he would have earned his diploma however future has another plans for the younger boy as a result of which he remained disadvantaged to finish his dream and needs. The total college is paying tributes to the clever boy and sharing their honest condolence along with his members of the family in such hardship.
In addition to this, this displeasing information has been confirmed by the chairman of the Engineering University by way of Facebook. He confirmed the loss of life of his scholar named Paras Kalsi and expresses his grief on the misfortune. He additional talked about the date and the time when this mishap occurred. His funeral ceremony had been accomplished by his beloved at Brampton Crematorium & Visitation Centre on 17 March 2022.
All of his members of the family are devastated and heartbroken after studying concerning the premature demise of their son. Our ideas and prayers are along with his members of the family in such grim state of affairs. May the common-or-garden soul will relaxation in peace. We will get again to you with the confirmed loss of life explanation for Paras Kalsi until then keep tuned with Social Telecast. | <urn:uuid:985ad9d1-42a5-4b7b-a131-9c5b1f6ea0b7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://techbondhu.com/who-was-paras-kalsi-from-york-university-check-cause-of-death-how-did-he-die/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.983374 | 535 | 1.8125 | 2 |
For many of today’s organizations, moving forward with digital labor is no longer a question of if, but when. Companies know they need to jump on this trend as a differentiator, which encompasses robotic process automation and is the application of software technology to automate business processes ranging from transactional swivel-chair activities to more complex strategic undertakings.
However, like any other business decision, a business case needs to be made for digital labor and robotics efforts, which is built first by understanding the investment and financial savings opportunities, says David B. Kirk, PhD, Managing Director, Digital Labor / Robotic Process Automation – Shared Services and Outsourcing Advisory at KPMG. A case can’t be created, he explains, without understanding both the “cost to achieve” and the anticipated benefits – which includes direct cost savings as well as more qualitative benefits, such as improved customer satisfaction.
Digital labor: A financial puzzle
Understanding the investments and expected returns for digital labor is complicated by the fact that no two automation opportunities are the same — that is, your mileage will vary. In addition, digital labor can be categorized into three different classes that require different investments and that provide returns varying not only in magnitude, but also in the drivers that impact those savings. Basic Robotics Process Automation (RPA) leverages capabilities such as workflow, rules engines, and screen scraping/data capture to automate existing manual processes. Enhanced Process Automation leverages additional capabilities to address automation of processes that are less structured and often more specialized. Finally, Cognitive Automation combines advanced technologies such as natural language processing, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data analytics to mimic human activities.
There are challenges in several of these areas, says Kirk. On the robotic process automation (RPA) end of the spectrum, one is “the simplicity of the deployment which can result in its adoption across the enterprise being explosive and disjointed, resulting in unnecessary expense and missed opportunities,” he says. On the cognitive side, the journey to get there is more complex, requiring proper guidance. “Predicting both the investment and anticipated outcomes is more of an art than a science,” he adds.
In order to solve the digital labor puzzle and glean the right understanding, organizations need to have a plan. “Understand that you need alignment between your opportunity, your appetite for both change and technology, and the skillsets you either have internally or are willing to purchase,” says Kirk. Also, organizations must recognize from the very beginning that digital labor is an enterprise-wide opportunity and is worth an enterprise-wide strategy.
Opportunities and capabilities of digital labor and automation
One of the biggest opportunities for RPA, which automates repetitive, routine explicit steps, is providing a “quick hit” automation fix for connecting disparate legacy systems together, where a human takes data from one system and then uses that data to perform activities in another system.
Enhanced process automation is similar, but it adds on other capabilities such as the ability to handle unstructured data, or built-in automations (such as an out-of-the-box knowledge library), as well as capabilities to assist in capturing new knowledge to add to the knowledge base (such as watch and record). It is most applicable in automating activities in a specific functional area, in which the built-in knowledge can be leveraged, such as in finance or IT.
Cognitive tools are substantially different, he adds. “Those need to be taught about the work they will do, as opposed to programmed, and their future success depends greatly on the success of this training,” he explains.
Foundational and specific savings drivers
There are certainly some common foundational drivers that will impact the overall success and financial returns of digital labor investment. An important one is executive support, Kirk points out, in order to build an enterprise-wide plan that avoids duplication of investments and promotes best practices to maximize savings.
In addition, governance is critical. “Governance insures participants deliver on the business case and associated savings, leverage the agreed upon tools and methodologies, and follow the risk, compliance and security policies to avoid unnecessary risk and expense downstream,” says Kirk.
There are also specific savings drivers for each class of digital labor, which have “triggers” that identify opportunities for automation and degree of the associated savings impact. For example, in the RPA space, processes that follow well-defined steps, that are prone to human error, suffer from inconsistent execution, have a high execution frequency and require significant human effort to accomplish are likely to provide the most significant impact when automated.
Next, enhanced process automation tends to be more expensive than basic process automation, but as a result of built-in learning support, savings also tend to increase more greatly over time. Its biggest savings drivers are the availability of industry/process-specific starting knowledge; complex processes; automation expertise and rapidly evolving processes.
Cognitive process automation also is more expensive, but also provides enhanced savings capabilities and can be truly transformative, with savings drivers such as natural language; automation experience; highly regulated domains; and quality source documents.
Preparing for the digital labor journey to capitalize on savings
How can organizations best prepare for their digital labor journey in terms of capitalizing on savings? Starting small is key, says Kirk. “We advise our clients to identify an executive sponsor and understand what that means from an enterprise deployment perspective,” he explains, “as that helps define required roadmap activities and challenges.” It can help to pinpoint a handful, or fewer, of processes that are good RPA candidates and canvass the associated automation tools for a good fit for your opportunity and your organization.
Also, companies should understand, and document, the mission statement for the automation of each process – “It’s not always about pure cost savings,” explains Kirk – and use these processes as a proof of concept with a well-defined business case. “As business units see the results of the proof of concept automations, prepare for the onslaught of requests by leveraging a well-defined intake process and centralized governance,” he says. | <urn:uuid:0601d18a-a4ad-4579-8876-96ac3ed965a2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cio.com/article/234708/how-to-capitalize-on-robotics-savings-drivers-with-digital-labor.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.947051 | 1,274 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Tomato, Tomahto, this year I was tempted to call the whole thing off. Our tomatoes were a disaster thanks to the Tomato blight. Each year I can over a hundred jars of diced tomatoes, tomato sauce, pizza sauce, and salsa, enough to last us the year. This year that ain’t happening. Depressing is what it is. Last week I bought 25 pounds of tomatoes from a local farmer and did put up 11 jars of salsa and some pizza sauce. The tomatoes weren’t heirloom or organic, not even close to it, but store bought salsa isn’t homemade tasting or even close to it. Same goes for pizza sauce. So I spent a morning deep in tomatoes and that reminded me that even if I’m not canning tomatoes this year, that doesn’t mean other people aren’t.
The easiest way to can tomatoes is to simply slip off the skins, quarter and seed them and can them. Takes no time at all. Removing tomato skins is simple. Heat a pan of boiling water and plunk your tomatoes in for a minute. Remove them and put them in ice cold water. Now the skins are easily removed. The Ball Jar Book recommends scoring the bottom of the tomato with a little X before you place them in the boiling water to make the skins slip right off.
Tomatoes have a few other issues when it comes to handling them. Use only stainless steel pans. The acid in tomatoes can react with other types (copper, brass, aluminum, or iron) and then they sometimes taste really funky. I just learned recently that I shouldn’t be using my big wooden spoon to stir them either because the wood can absorb flavors. This discovery led me to wonder what else I don’t know about cooking tomatoes.
Since I’m not actually canning many tomatoes this year, I had a few moments to read about canning tomatoes. I was excited to learn the reason why my sauce sometimes comes out too runny no matter how long I boil it. It has to do with the enzymes that are released when you crush tomatoes. I feel like a scientist just talking about enzymes. The only thing I really know about enzymes are they get going when something sits around at room temperature for awhile (like yogurt) and they can do good things. They’re the reason dry aged meat tastes so great.
When tomatoes are cut or crushed, a natural enzyme is activated which causes the solid and liquids to separate. So if you’re canning you want to begin heating your tomatoes the moment you begin cutting or crushing them. I was excited by this knowledge, so I tested it out on a small batch of pizza sauce made from the tomatoes I bought from a local farmer. I skinned them, seeded them and put them through my food processor in small batches and immediately tossed them in to the pan to begin cooking. I think there was still too much lag time, but my pizza sauce came out much thicker than usual. I can’t wait to figure out how this will play out with my spaghetti sauce next year. Hopefully I’ll retain this knowledge until next tomato season!
One more point of reference on tomatoes. Lemon juice is always something I debate with myself over. Add it or don’t add it. This year a friend who had plenty of tomatoes called me when she was knee-deep in canning them and we debated the lemon juice issue at length. I thought if I kept her on the phone long enough, she might offer me the tomatoes just to end the conversation. No dice. Anyway, the question is do you or do you not have to add lemon juice to your diced tomatoes when canning them in a hot bath canner. I know, I know, it would have kept you on the edge of your seat I’m sure. Most references do tell you to put lemon juice in the jar before you add the tomatoes to ensure that the acidity is high enough to keep the tomatoes stable in the jar. So it’s probably a good idea. Having never done this, I had to take the other point and say that many homegrown, heirloom tomatoes may have plenty of acid and do just fine on their own. I’ve never had a jar go bad (knock on wood) and I’ve never added the lemon juice. And then we consulted several texts and decided that since we don’t have a lab that can test the acidity of our tomatoes (and I’m not truly certain what the correct number would be anyway), we should err on the side of caution and go with the juice. So now I’m a little paranoid, and I will probably add the lemon juice next year.
Amazing that I learned so much about canning tomatoes this year without canning very many. Maybe there was a reason I got the blight. Maybe the powers that be knew I didn’t know enough and I certainly didn’t have the time to can a hundred jars this year. Live and learn. That’s what it’s all about. | <urn:uuid:3fd7e300-33b4-48ad-9ed1-abc8308eafb3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://kidfriendlyorganiclife.blogspot.com/2009/09/tomato-tomatoh-dont-call-whole-thing.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279224.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00477-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963167 | 1,057 | 2 | 2 |
Earlier this month, we had the privilege to see magnificent pictures of our universe that were taken by the new James Webb Space telescope. For the first time we were treated to pictures of a region of the Carina Nebula where young stars are forming. We also saw Stephan’s Quintet, a cluster of five galaxies that you are probably familiar with if you have watched the movie, “It’s a Wonderful Life.” This updated picture, constructed from ~1,000 separate images, provides new information about interactions between galaxies that may have been important for the creation of the early universe. Pictures of the Southern Ring Nebula, a planetary nebula approximately 25,000 light-years from Earth, provide a first look at the clouds of gas and dust that radiate from dying stars. Images like this one will provide new understanding of the chemical molecules that are present in nebulae.
I don’t know about you, but for me these images of deep space spark a profound sense of awe and wonder that point me to God. They elicit “the feeling of being in the presence of something vast that transcends my understanding of the world”, and they lead me to acknowledge my own limitations.
Thomas Carlyle, a Scottish philosopher and essayist, is credited with saying that wonder [and awe] are the basis of worship, and that has certainly been my experience during my career as a research scientist. Not only do I experience wonder and awe by looking at, and contemplating, pictures of stars and galaxies from the Hubble and Webb space telescopes, but I also experience awe and wonder when I consider much smaller things like ants, pollen grains, amoebas, diatoms, and mitochondria. In fact, in my experience, there is just as much awe to be found through a microscope as a telescope.
(Emperor Butterfly Wing photo by Charles B. Krebs. Shared in accordance with the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0) license. This image was awarded Honorable Mention in Nikon’s 2018 Photomicrography competition.) | <urn:uuid:0c334eb7-81ce-46ac-9836-15cbbb04ea2e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sinaiandsynapses.org/content/awe-and-wonder-through-a-microscope/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.958463 | 440 | 2.546875 | 3 |
History of Natural Food
During the ancient times and in the primitive world, humans used to be closely and intricately connected to nature. Humans only consumed food that was natural and readily available in their surroundings. Slowly and gradually, with the invention of fire, humans discovered cooked food. They started consuming everything only after cooking it, without realizing that this cooked food was nothing but dead food. As our species evolved further and technology advanced, science, too, as per convenience, supported and encouraged the consumption of cooked food over natural and raw food. But the more humans got disconnected from nature, the more it led to the development, growth and increase of many different kinds of diseases and ailments.
Then, humans invented medicine to cure all these diseases, which was nothing but temporary healing and no permanent or long-term solution to these life-destructing worries. All this has brought us to the present times when the basic requirements of our bodies are not met, resulting in even lower immunity and a more significant threshold of sickness.
This compels us to rethink and reconsider all our decisions, then go back to square one and reinstate our older and inherent lifestyle and original and natural dietary and food habits, which have always been the best for the health and well-being of our species. Hence, we at Glee Gourmet encourage and foster the authentic plant-based diet, teaching and cultivating it in our 'New Diet System' that promotes our motto of "Health without Medicine". We work hard round the clock and give it our all to enrich and strengthen your | <urn:uuid:0ed97795-ec86-4b55-8965-a1f84a978f63> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gleegourmet.com/history-of-natural-food | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573667.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819100644-20220819130644-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.956303 | 312 | 2.90625 | 3 |
The narrator, an aged city planner and former professor in a central Hungarian town. He has been awarded many degrees and diplomas and honored for his role in the technical progress of his city in the early days of socialism. Keenly aware of his own physical and moral degeneration, he at times seems obsessed with death and guilt as he lives alone with his memories in an apartment stuffed with an accumulation of useless objects. In the city all around him, he sees reminders in concrete of the errors of his life, errors that can be erased only by dynamite. As a city planner, he mapped out for society a future that has become an almost unbearable present in a state ruled by power-hungry bureaucrats, chosen for their cynicism and idle chatter and protected by the organizational system. Born into a wealthy bourgeois family, he became a member of another privileged class, the intelligentsia, after private property was abolished. Although, as an idealistic builder of the city following the devastation of war, he attempted to abolish social stratification, in reality he created a modified system of inequalities to replace the former political structure. Once he repeated mindless slogans and believed the hierarchical military to be the most efficient of all organizations. He perfunctorily eulogizes his superior, a former Gestapo spy with thirty-two years in the movement who has committed suicide. Reflecting on the dead director, the city builder admits his own lust for power. Later, he inspects an earthquake-torn city, where, he believes, his own son lies buried in the rubble. Finally, he joins a noisy crowd in the town...
(The entire section is 674 words.) | <urn:uuid:6b48d107-600c-41fd-b953-e21bbd059553> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.enotes.com/topics/city-builder/characters | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00452-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980093 | 335 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Two-Thirds of Broiler Chickens Contaminated10 March 2010
US - Two-thirds of 382 fresh broiler chickens purchased from grocers by a US consumer group were contaminated with one or both of the bacteria that cause most cases of food-borne illness, the group said on Monday.
The Consumers Union said the figure was an improvement from the 80 per cent found in tests in 2007 but "still far too high." It urged the government to issue stricter food-safety rules. The group began testing for bacteria in store-bought chicken in 1998, according to The Vancouver Sun.
Salmonella, the most common cause of food-borne illness, was found in 14 per cent of the chickens and campylobacter, the No 2 cause, was in 62 per cent. Nine percent of chickens contained both bacteria. Consumers Union bought the chickens at 100 retailers in 22 states last spring.
The Agriculture Department, which is in charge of meat safety, reported a salmonella rate of 5 per cent in its samples taken at packing plants from 1 April - 30 June. Its researchers say cold water baths and other antimicrobial can reduce the presence of campylobacter to 11 per cent.
A USDA spokesman said salmonella levels are down sharply from 16 per cent in 2005 due to its meat safety programmes and a similar pathogen reduction programme "will be launched soon" for campylobacter.
Consumers Union said it tested the chickens later in the retail chain than USDA and pointed to other studies that found high levels of campylobacter at processing plants. It said USDA should set maximum limits on campylobacter contamination.
"Consumers still need to be very careful in handling chicken, which is routinely contaminated with disease-causing bacteria," said Dr Urvashi Rangan, Director of Technical Policy at Consumers Union.
"Chicken is safe. Like all fresh foods, raw chicken may have some microorganisms present, but these are destroyed by the heat of normal cooking," said the National Chicken Council, a trade group.
Like the consumer group, the chicken council urged home cooks to refrigerate or freeze raw meat, cook it to at least 165 degrees Fahrenheit (74 degrees Celsius) and to promptly store leftovers. | <urn:uuid:553d1736-8c8b-453c-8379-b7b7dcccdc24> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thepoultrysite.com/poultrynews/19699/twothirds-of-broiler-chickens-contaminated/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00247-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951229 | 459 | 2.4375 | 2 |
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This class can get the location of an address with FreeGoIP API.
It can take an IP address, a domain name or the current user IP address and sends HTTP requests to the FreeGoIP API server to retrieve the geographic location associated with that IP address including country, latitude, longitude, city, zip code and time zone.
The class can decode the response in either CSV, JSON or XML and returns it.
FreeGoIP - A PHP wrapper for FreeGoIP reverse geolocation API.
freegeoip.net is a service providing a public HTTP API for software developers to search the geolocation of IP addresses.
It uses a database of IP addresses associated to cities along with other relevant information such as time zone, latitude and longitude.
The freegeoip web server is free and open source but the public service limit up to 10,000 queries per hour by default. Once this limit is reached, all requests from the IP will result in HTTP 403, forbidden, until the quota is cleared.
Developed by Ivan Melgrati
The recommended installation method is through
Composer, a dependency manager for PHP. Just add
imelgrat/freegoip to your project's
More details can
be found over at Packagist.
Copy `src/freegoip.php` to your codebase, perhaps to the `vendor`
Add the `freegoip` class to your autoloader or `require` the file
Please open an issue to request a feature or submit a bug report. Or even if
you just want to provide some feedback, I'd love to hear. I'm also available on
Twitter as @imelgrat.
Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my-new-feature`).
Commit your changes (`git commit -am 'Added some feature'`).
Push to the branch (`git push origin my-new-feature`).
Create a new Pull Request.
||Applications that use this package
No pages of applications that use this class were specified.
If you know an application of this package, send a message to the author to add a link here. | <urn:uuid:dbeb1782-2f90-4350-8b95-f7d35978a809> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://olederer.users.phpclasses.org/package/9936-PHP-Get-the-location-of-an-address-with-FreeGoIP-API.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.823919 | 604 | 1.515625 | 2 |
This sample essay on Cub Pilot On The Mississippi Summary provides important aspects of the issue and arguments for and against as well as the needed facts. Read on this essay’s introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.
Throughout “life on the Mississippi, Twain seeks to delay time, to make it pause long enough to make some sense of it, even as he realizes that death will end all speculation. -He writes of his day as a pilot that “time drifted smoothly and prosperously on, and I supposed – and hoped – that I was going to follow the river the rest of my days, and die at the wheel when my mission was ended.
But by and by the war came, commerce was suspended, my occupation was gone” -Historical time interrupts the expectation that time will cease, that he ill always be a pilot, until the end of his time. And the river will always be there -This stable moment in time, an eternal River, is lonesome, alienating and disinterested in the affair Of mankind -Throughout “Life on the Mississippi” the evident nostalgia for the river long gone pervades Twain’s discussion of it.
In particular, the monopoly enjoyed by the Pilots’ Benevolent Association for a few short years before the Civil War occupies Chi. 5 RL Twain’s lifetime fascination with American capitalism also becomes apparent here. (Remarks: “This union of pilots was perhaps the compacters, the employees, and the strongest commercial organization ever formed among men”) -In the end, however, the association collapses -Twain sketches out, how the railroad and the Civil War decrease trade on the river, until “behold, in the twinkling of an eye, as it were, the association and the noble science of piloting were things of the death an pathetic past” – When Twain visits his boyhood home and village, all seems changed.
The town has grown, it is no longer a village; it is a city -first he ignores the new houses and “sees” the vanished houses which had formerly stood there and topographically shakes hands with former people = timeless dream -Twain needs to resort to his memory and his reconstruction of it in order to accept these changes to his town and to his past: “l woke up every morning with the impression that was a boy – in my dreams the faces where young again; but I went to bed a 100 years old, every night – for meantime I had been seeing the faces as they are now D represents a timeless moment, each morning a nostalgic recovery of the past, one that retreats into an aged and weary vision of the present -Twain’s trip to the past, to see how the Great River has hanged over the years, has become a burden of identity, for clearly he would likely sympathize, more so the Southern reader who would be remembering what it was like; through the perspectives o idyllic distortion, before the Civil War -The early chapters of “Life on the Mississippi” demonstrate the book learning and book knowledge of the historian, a kind of traditional travel material suitable for the reader who wants dry facts about the history of the great river, particularly its early explorers. Throughout the text: facts about cities and towns along the river, numbers of people , amounts of goods hipped, but these facts, though they demonstrate useful information about the river, do not show how knowledge ought to be used. The way knowledge ought to be used is part of the cub pilots training, a knowledge that becomes intuitive, almost instinctual and unconscious. -The new river that Twain explores has changed so much so that modern technology “has knocked the romance out of piloting’. Lamps have been installed along the river; snag boats clear the river from hazard. -The knowledge required in 1882 to be a riverboat pilot now lies in charts devised by Horace Boxy and George Ritchie, ND not in the memory banks of the pilot.
Uncle uniform’s monologue: They wanted the water to go one way, the water wanted to go another -fear of disappearance of the noble landmarks -Knowledge that ass been stored has become useless -Changes that have occurred along the river since the Civil War: Twain intents to explain the corruption of the South before the Civil War and the decay of the Southern culture, still dependent on that form of knowledge, after the great War between the States C] Most of these changes have been economic -Clearly, “L … Mississippi” is a record of the destruction of the South, even if it remises to be a remembrance of the life that Twain Once had on the banks of the river -Since the moment Hernandez De Sotto and his party of conquistadores first arrived at the banks of the Mississippi in 1 541 m travelers of every variety have flocked to and along this representative river to better comprehend the country thorough which it flows. Both as a conduit for trade and travel, and a destination in its own right, the rivers role in national life has changed dramatically over the centuries. It no longer commands the social and economic powers of its antebellum zenith.
Nevertheless, it mutinous to occupy a unique place in American travel writing – and the American consciousness. -T. S. Eliot appreciated the rivers powers even William Least Heat-Moon, a child of the Missouri who has attempted in his own eatable “to testify to the capital allure Of rivers other than the Mississippi,” has conceded its “encompassing mystique” that “still hold us in a grand cultural thrall”. The Mississippi remains a vital location in the symbolic geography of America. -Mark Twain understood the river’s symbolic nature. He was taught the lesson while learning to pilot a steamboat on the Mississippi; what he learned remains fundamental for successfully piloting a course through the rivers manifold representations.
He came to understand that there were to rivers: The physical Mississippi of the imagination, meandering through the mind. For a steamboat pilot, the imagined Mississippi rook precedence. Horace Boxy Twain’s piloting mentor, instructed him: “you can always steer by the shape that’s in your head, and never mind the one that’s before your eyes” –The story of Mississippi travel writing can, in one sense , quickly be told in an apparently circular list of its hanging modes Of transport. The canoes Of those attempting to navigate the river’s course today. If each era’s travel writing had been defined by a mode of transport, its concomitant relationship with the river has been profoundly different. The river has also been an enigma and an emblem of imperialism.
The essential highway of a young nation moving west; the real of profit, increasing arbitration, slavery, and war; a limbo of lost splendor and increasing dismissal; the scene of imaginative resurrection; an escape route to a forgotten America; and, today, an arena in which to test personal limits. The most significant accounts of the Mississippi have been able to assess the river with a profound awareness of its history, and yet still see it with acute, contemporary eyes -The early travel accounts that resulted severe a double role: they fueled imperial desire, and the established certain paradigmatic relationships between the travelers and the river. Broken dreams and ruined fortunes soon littered its banks -Charles Dickens was disappointed expected more -The river, already under serve pressure from the railroads in the sass, was arced to close its waters at the advent of the Civil War. Travel writing was displaced by military dispatch -When the river was again opened for freight and passenger traffic, it flowed through a very different landscape. Slavery was gone, the railroads Were dominant, and the steamboat trade was suffering from mortal wounds -The rivers cultural life was about to begin anew: all because the Civil War forced a young steamboat pilot in the trade’s last flush years.
Then he headed West and became Mark Twain -He was the only one back then who wrote about the Mississippi -first 3 chapters deal with geography and the river’s history; after those follow the chapters of the pilot- memories. | <urn:uuid:98333747-321b-4aa5-bb7f-217f06b5eb1e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://paperap.com/paper-on-cultural-criticism-in-mark-twain-s-life-on-the-mississippi/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.962416 | 1,696 | 2.6875 | 3 |
The writings of Hugh Byas, journalist and japanologist, developed while he was editor of the "Japan Advertiser" and later correspondent of the "London Times" and "New York Times". His work in Japan between the World Wars, is a discourse on progressive sovereignty. Byas equated a sovereign state with one that possessed an organized government capable of modernizing the state and developing democratic institutions to empower public opinion. Hugh Byas' Victorian education, professional friendships, early texts on Japanese history and politics and his knowledge of Burkean philosophy sculpted his sense of an organized and progressive government structured on a clan or group dynamic. But his friendship with Japan's foreign legal adviser, Thomas Baty, would provide him with an international law interface for his analyses in the 1920s and 1930s on Japan's status as a legitimate member in the international society of nations in spite of Japan's conflict with China in Northeast Asia. Byas would activate a China contrast in his script to highlight Japan's progressive direction, picturing China as Asia's "Sick Man."
Publisher: The Edwin Mellen Press Ltd | <urn:uuid:321dfc27-839c-477f-931f-f2629d4bca0e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.waterstones.com/book/hugh-byas-a-british-editor-who-became-a-leading-expert-on-japan-between-the-first-and-second-world-wars/peter-b-oblas/9780773446601 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988722951.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183842-00209-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957951 | 223 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Nicene and Ante-Nicene Fathers, Ser. II, Vol. XI:Early Church Fathers Index Previous Next
The Works of John Cassian.: Chapter XVII. How the weaker part of the soul is the first to yield to the devil's temptations.
How the weaker part of the soul is the first to yield to the devils temptations.
You should then apply to this member or part of the soul which we have described as particularly wounded, the remedy of true humility: for as, so far as appears, it is weaker than the other powers of the soul in you, it is sure to be the first to yield to the assaults of the devil. As when some injuries come upon us, which are caused either by toil laid upon us or by a bad atmosphere, it is generally the case in the bodies of men that those which are the weaker are the first to give in and yield to those chances, and when the disease has more particularly laid hold p. 539 of them, it affects the sound parts of the body also with the same mischief, so also, when the pestilent blast of sin breathes over us the soul of each one of us is sure to be tempted above all by that passion, in the case of which its feebler and weaker portion does not make so stubborn a resistance to the powerful attacks of the foe, and to run the risk of being taken captive by those, in the case of which a careless watch opens an easier way to betrayal. For so Balsam 2316 gathered that Gods people could be by a sure method deceived, when he advised, that in that quarter, wherein he knew that the children of Israel were weak, the dangerous snares should be set for them, as he had no doubt that when a supply of women was offered to them, they would at once fall and be destroyed by fornication, because he was aware that the parts of their souls which were subject to desire were corrupted. So then the spiritual wickednesses tempt with crafty malice each one of us, by particularly laying insidious snares for those affections of the soul, in which they have seen that it is weak, as for instance, if they see that the reasonable parts of our soul are affected, they try to deceive us in the same way that the Scripture tells us that king Ahab was deceived by those Syrians, who said: “We know that the kings of Israel are merciful: And so let us put sackcloth upon our loins, and ropes round our heads, and go out to the king of Israel, and say to him: Thy servant Benhadad saith: I pray thee, let my soul live.” And thereby he was affected by no true goodness, but by the empty praise of his clemency, and said: “If he still liveth, he is my brother;” and after this fashion they can deceive us also by the error of that reasonable part, and make us incur the displeasure of God owing to that from which we were hoping that we might gain a reward and receive the recompense of goodness, and to us too the same rebuke may be addressed: “Because thou hast let go from thy hand a man who was worthy of death, thy life shall be for his life, and thy people for his people” 2317 Or when the unclean spirit says: “I will go forth, and will be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets,” 2318 he certainly spread the nets of deception by means of the reasonable feeling which he knew to be exposed to his deadly wiles. And this also the same spirit expected in the case of our Lord, when he tempted Him in these three affections of the soul, wherein he knew that all mankind had been taken captive, but gained nothing by his crafty wiles. For he approached that portion of his mind which was subject to desire, when he said: “Command that these stones be made bread;” the part subject to wrath, when he tried to incite Him to seek the power of the present life and the kingdoms of this world; the reasonable part when he said: “If Thou art the Son of God cast Thyself down from hence.” 2319 And in these his deception availed nothing for this reason because he found that there was nothing damaged in Him, in accordance with the supposition which he had formed from a false idea. Wherefore no part of His soul yielded when tempted by the wiles of the foe, “For lo,” He saith, “the prince of this world cometh and shall find nothing in Me.” 2320
Cf. Numb. xxiv.539:2317
1 Kings 20:31, 32, 42.539:2318
1 Kings xxii. 22.539:2319
S. Matt. 4:3, 6.539:2320
S. John xiv. 30.
Next: Chapter XVIII. A question whether we should be drawn back to our country by a proper desire for greater silence.
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Partnership work is essential when providing person centred support and it also the only way to address some of the govements most challenging long term social objectives. The national services frame work for older people 2001 (24-25) also outlines expectations around integrated working bet between health services and social care agencies working towards a single assessment process and joint commissioning. The health act reinforces the importance of joint working
The white paper July 2012 also state about working together long term paths and goals for a single assessment proses all working together to ensure all needs are met and people are in control know where to go and how to access making it easier to get what you need and when preventing delays lack of support the wrong support etc.
Change work in partnership and provide the services people need and want in a streamlined and readily accessible manner. When organisations work closely together it has a positive impact on peoples lives. When they develop shared protocols and co-ordinated interventions, people are able to access and use services more easily and effectively. It requires innovation and leadership and leads to reduced time, cost and duplication as well as simplified and accessible services, which improve wellbeing. Successful partnerships need will address the tensions between structures and cultures particularly in relation to national targets.
They need to face the challenges associated with integrating services that are based on fundamentally different principles of governance and different types of central and local government accountability. The outcome is always to improve the quality of life and improved health and emotional wellbeing for all individuals using or needed services. At a time when the whole of the public sector must find significant savings, reports are saying: that integrated working across health and social care offers opportunities for efficiencies and improvements to services. Without it there is a risk of duplication and cost shunting where savings made by one organisation or sector create costs for others. And a lack of integrated working means that people are less likely to receive the best care.
Some of the Befits of good partnership working
Being able to offer a whole informed service
Being able to tap in to resource which other agency hold which leads to a better outcome for the service user
Assistance and help from appropriate people single assessment approach… helping the individual reduce the need to repeat their story to different professionals
Clear roles and responsibilities
Being able to put in place effective and safe practices around confidentiality and information sharing services user has a legal and moral right to know what information is being shared regarding them
The sharing of knowledge and good work practices
Services user and staff know when to access further support and how to gain that it in turn providing both with more confidence and better service provision and better outcomes for the services user
Benefits for people
Services designed to meet people’s needs
Improved choice and control
Independence and inclusion
Benefits for partnerships
Sharing of knowledge and understanding
Reduced cost, time and duplication
Strong local ownership
Benefits for organisation
Increased capacity to deliver community services
Increased satisfaction with the service
Improved performance assessment
Improving information sharing between professionals.
Improving the efficiency of the care system as a whole.
Co-ordinating the provision of care.
Improving the planning and commissioning of care so that health and social care services complement rather than disrupt each other.
Some of the general Problems with partnership working
Despite the introduction of government legislation and initiatives during this time to promote closer multi-agency partnership working there is still:
A lack of information sharing across agencies and services
Duplicated assessments to identify needs and subsequent provision
Poorly co-ordinated integrated activities across agencies
Too much ‘buck passing’ and referring on of clients between agencies
A lack of continuity and inconsistent levels of service provision
Despite longstanding support for joint working, it has been beset by problems across all client groups that have been found. Delayed discharges from hospital, mainly of older people. These involve cases when a patient cannot leave hospital because of the unavailability of health or social care services in the community or because of administrative issues within hospitals. NHS cuts to continuing healthcare. This has led to disputes between NHS and social care professionals and shunted costs on to councils, who often have to fund care packages for people no longer fully funded by the NHS. The break-up of community mental health teams. In some areas of England councils have withdrawn social care staff from mental health teams, run by mental health trusts, because of cost pressures or concerns over trusts’ approach to issues including adult safeguarding and the personalisation of care. A lack of NHS engagement in child protection and a lack of co-ordination of health and social care services for children. Pooled budgets have not translated into improved outcomes.
Formal partnership arrangements in some areas have been scrapped following disagreements between partners. More generally, barriers to good partnership working include: Health and social care agencies facing different government performance regimes. Health and social care agencies using different IT systems. Cuts in one budget creating demand pressures in the other. Health and social care staff being on different terms and conditions in integrated teams. Policy and legislation on joint working
Some of the agency challenges
Financial resources: conflicts within or between agencies, a general lack of funding, concerns about sustainability, staffing.
Roles and responsibilities: understanding the roles of others, conflicts over areas of responsibility, the need to move beyond existing roles.
Non-financial resources: Time, staff, Communication, Being able to talk to the right person at the right time, All parties getting the information, Build the communication link up, Getting the right people together.
Professional and agency cultures: Polices and procedure, training, ways of working, finances knowledge
Management: how the management work, how they train and inform the staff the working philosophy, support, structure Government plans and initiatives towards partnership working Under section 75 of the NHS Act 2006, NHS bodies and local authorities in England can pool budgets, join together their staff and management structures or delegate commissioning responsibilities to each other. The Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 require primary care trusts and local authorities to produce joint strategic needs assessments of the health and well-being of their populations.
This should shape joint planning of services. The Health and Social Care Bill would establish health and well-being boards in every local authority area to co-ordinate the The 10-year plan for social services, published in 2011, also includes plans to drive integration, for instance by requiring councils and health boards to jointly commission and arrange enablement services, to support people to regain independence. Good practice in joint working
The while paper
Outcomes inspected by CQC…. etc.
What is working in partnership and why is it important
Partnerships are about a way of working together rather than about a way of meeting together they involve the dissolution of organisational service and sometimes geographical boundaries and are about overcoming the constraints that these can place around effective outcomes and behaviour Partnership is therefore about focusing on objectives and outcomes that require considerable mutual understanding and trust in order to achieve them, including an awareness of the way in which they can contribute to the objectives of each organisation Crucially, this is likely to mean that the activities of individual members and member organisations will be carried out in a way that contributes wider benefits and longer term gains than if they were carried out in isolation.
Partnership working is perhaps best seen as a spectrum, ranging from informal networking forums, consulting and sharing an information and intelligence, through to formal strategic alliances where partners come together to achieve common goals by changing the way that they work. It is critical for partnerships to understand where they lie on this spectrum as it will shape the way the partners work together, the commitment required and the achievements expected.
There can often be confusions among partners about the nature of the partnership and this can seriously undermine progress. Partnerships should focus on doing those things that only they can do by working together – and that no-one else can do better or more efficiently on their own. They should ensure that all the required members are round the table and that they are represented at the right level, and that they have ways of drawing on a much wider range of insights, experience, perspectives and expertise.
Organisations should encourage and support partnership working across all their staff. They should offer opportunities to develop partnership skills and they should recognise and reward effective partnership behaviour.
Good training and information on partnership working to staff so they can ensure good partnership working that they have the knowledge to support the services users and their families to ensure on going best support and practises. The more partnership working we as an organisation can do the more effective safe and services user focused sevice we can deliver. Partnerships need to maintain a strong connection to clients in terms of:
Being able to draw on the service user experience of support and the extent to which this helps them make progress in their lives Creating ways of involving service user in the design of services Capturing the difference that services user perceive in the accessibility, quality and coherence of services.
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Enough Food For Everyone
Enough Food For Everyone
by Vicki Hird
Cover: Gilded Nest by Michelle Morin www.michellemorinart.com
No Back Issue available
© Tom Pietrasik/OXFAM
We are is in danger of exhausting those key resources we think of as renewable – especially food and fresh water, warns Vicki Hird.
While many blame dwindling resources on the world’s growing population, and struggle to find solutions, we at Friends of the Earth have a different perspective. Our focus is on finding ways to manage renewable resources so they aren’t lost to us, or future generations. Key to this is what we do with land and in particular our global food systems.
If you were designing the global food system from scratch, you’d want to ensure that enough food was grown of the right variety in the right way to fulfil 7 billion – and even 9 billion – people’s nutritional needs. By using the right techniques, you could protect the natural systems on which future production depends – soil, water and biodiversity – and you would store surplus food for lean times. You could safeguard good governance of this vital system so that producers, consumers and the planet were fairly treated and were protected from any harmful influence.
But our current system is dysfunctional. Globally around 50% of food grown is wasted in the field or along the food chain – not even composted or used as feed. A third of all the crops grown and two-thirds of fresh water available are used to grow feed for farm animals. These animals are poor feed converters and the meat is sold cheaply, creating even more demand. Millions of hectares are used to produce biofuels for cars, and a large proportion is used to produce sugary foods.
On top of that, vast quantities of energy-intensive fertilisers and pesticides are used to drive yield growth in monoculture systems. Natural methods of fertility and pest control are largely neglected or rejected and grain is used as a tool for global financial transactions, not food. Meanwhile, a billion are underfed, a billion suffer effects of over-nutrition, and many farmers and workers cannot gain a decent living.
The system is broken in many ways, and experts and politicians know it. Models of good practice do exist in how we grow, consume and govern what comes from the land. Many good ideas are being discussed and debated and even practised at the local community level and by governments, so we’re not starting from scratch. It is possible to repair this system if we put our minds and political will into it. But change is not going far, or fast, or deep enough and politicians are running shy of the systemic and governance changes that are now required.
More than 100 UK NGOs and aid agencies recently launched the anti-hunger ‘Enough Food For Everyone IF’ campaign. Their demands are policy-focused – to address the causes of hunger, including land grabs, tax loopholes, and damaging investments in poor countries. What the campaign highlights is the sheer absurdity of the current food system, and why major system change is needed if we are to address poverty and the growing problem of obesity globally.
But where is the environment in the food security debate? What if, in our efforts to feed more people on a limited planet, we trash the soils, water and natural systems we depend on long-term to feed, fuel, clothe and house future inhabitants? This is a mammoth political issue that requires a long-term view, not short-term solutions. Focusing on measures to intensify crop and livestock yields, using techno-fixes such as genetic modification, more artificial fertilisers or mega livestock farms, is not the answer. Clearly technology has a role to play going forward but we’ll need to look at the risks as well as the benefits.
We need to create resilient systems that provide the diverse foods we need in cities and rural areas whilst sustaining the soil and other systems for the future. This will also help resolve significant health issues associated with our broken food system – including hunger, obesity and communicable diseases.
There isn’t a silver bullet, but there are key interventions that will set us on the critical pathway for change. Underlying any changes must be far better governance of the food system, putting the growing corporate control over land and water – to get ever-cheaper raw materials – under greater regulation through national and global policies and ensuring accountability.
We are pursuing key interventions needed on production, consumption and governance to feed ourselves within planetary and social boundaries.
These are our top ten recommendations:
1. Keeping global temperature increases to less than 2°C. Greater temperature increases, which will lead to more extreme weather events, could devastate crop yields in many places.
2. Changing levels of consumption and promoting sustainable diets – critical and significant to reduce greenhouse gases and conserve natural systems.
3. Reducing food waste pre and post harvest, (e.g. through improved food storage and transport systems and better infrastructure) and post consumption.
4. Enhancing yields and increasing resilience to climate change impacts through protecting soils, crop diversification and biodiversity, plus a move towards agroecology.
5. Scrapping mandates for biofuel production from food crops and instead developing efficient vehicles, including electric cars, and enhancing public transport.
6. Increasing nutrient and water resource efficiency.
7. Ensuring low-income access to seeds, land and food, and stopping land grabbing.
8. Shifting trade and other global frameworks to enable and encourage countries to have greater focus on meeting local and regional food needs.
9. Providing agricultural extension services so farmers can access and implement knowledge to enable them to farm more sustainably.
10. Controlling financial speculation on food crops and controlling supermarket and retail buying power where it harms worker, farmer and other suppliers’ abilities to farm sustainably.
Change won’t be easy. Key interventions such as changing diets are poorly understood and perceived as unpopular. But political will is needed to get government, business and individual action on challenging issues such as changing our diets so we eat less meat and eat more of the good green stuff. We’re keen to get your feedback on the challenges ahead and would welcome your thoughts, particularly on sustainable diets. | <urn:uuid:63042b87-aacb-4885-9869-a13b0f8115d1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.resurgence.org/magazine/article3904.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00336-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940224 | 1,293 | 2.875 | 3 |
According to WhiteHat Security, 70 percent of individual web, mobile and API-based apps that support the manufacturing sector spent all of 2020 with at least one critical or high-risk security flaw.
With public administration apps, the number that went a year with a security flaw dropped to 67 percent, and nine other sectors ranged between 50 and 60 percent.
The results come from aggregated data from the firm’s monthly AppSec Stats Flash scans of tens of thousands of apps, compiled in a just-released annual report.
“Time-to-fix is seeing a dangerous upwardly trend,” said Setu Kulkarni, vice president of strategy for WhiteHat, via email.
Indeed, the average time to fix bugs of any severity lasted a year or more in the public administration, educational services, and utilities industries.
Besides manufacturing and public administration, more than half the individual apps from a wide range of sectors had at least one critical or high severity vulnerability from Jan. 1, 2020, to Jan. 1, 2021: healthcare and social assistance; real estate and rental; information; retail; education; utilities; enterprise management; and professional, scientific and technical services.
Several industries fared better. Less than a third of the apps in agriculture, forestry and hunting; construction; and arts, entertainment and recreation had critical or high severity flaws all year.
Kulkarni said that the reason so many applications had perennial bugs was a mixture of trouble prioritizing, lack of trained staffing, and a boom in online applications that’s left little time to remediate problems.
Kulkarni noted that many of the bugs left unaddressed came from “pedestrian” classes of vulnerabilities or were otherwise relatively easy to address.
“The most commonly occurring vulnerability class, information leakage, can be addressed largely via configuration changes throughout the software lifecycle,” he said.
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Why do Firms Co-operate for Innovation? - A comparison of Austrian and Finnish CIS 3 results
This paper analyzes co-operative behavior of innovative firms in Finland and Austria. We use data from the third wave of the Community Innovation Survey (CIS 3). Descriptive statistics indicate that the rate of innovators is quite similar in Austria and Finland, while the number of co-operating enterprises is considerably higher in Finland. Econometric analysis reveals that a number of factors that determine co-operative arrangements are only significant in the one or the other country. We conclude that co-operative behavior in the two countries is much more dependent on national factors and much deeper rooted in the underlying innovation systems than the existing literature may assume.
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- Jaffe, Adam B, 1988. "Demand and Supply Influences in R&D Intensity and Productivity Growth," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 70(3), pages 431-37, August.
- Adam B. Jaffe, 1986.
"Technological Opportunity and Spillovers of R&D: Evidence from Firms' Patents, Profits and Market Value,"
NBER Working Papers
1815, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Jaffe, Adam B, 1986. "Technological Opportunity and Spillovers of R&D: Evidence from Firms' Patents, Profits, and Market Value," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 76(5), pages 984-1001, December.
- Kamien, Morton I. & Zang, Israel, 2000. "Meet me halfway: research joint ventures and absorptive capacity," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 18(7), pages 995-1012, October.
- Roberto Hern·n & Pedro L. MarÌn & Georges Siotis, 2003.
"An empirical evaluation of the determinants of Research Joint Venture Formation,"
Journal of Industrial Economics,
Wiley Blackwell, vol. 51(1), pages 75-89, 03.
- Hernán, Roberto & Marín Uribe, Pedro Luis & Siotis, Georges, 2000. "An Empirical Evaluation Of The Determinants Of Research Joint Venture Formation," CEPR Discussion Papers 2442, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Kaiser, Ulrich, 2002.
"Measuring knowledge spillovers in manufacturing and services: an empirical assessment of alternative approaches,"
Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 125-144, January.
- Kaiser, Ulrich, 1999. "Measuring Knowledge Spillovers in Manufacturing and Services: An Empirical Assessment of Alternative Approaches," ZEW Discussion Papers 99-62, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research.
- Kaiser, Ulrich, 2002. "An empirical test of models explaining research expenditures and research cooperation: evidence for the German service sector," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 20(6), pages 747-774, June.
- Bayona, Cristina & Garcia-Marco, Teresa & Huerta, Emilio, 2001. "Firms' motivations for cooperative R&D: an empirical analysis of Spanish firms," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 30(8), pages 1289-1307, October.
- Belderbos, Rene & Carree, Martin A & Diederen, Bert & Lokshin, Boris & Veugelers, Reinhilde, 2003.
"Heterogeneity in R&D Cooperation Strategies,"
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4021, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Czarnitzki, Dirk & Fier, Andreas, 2003. "Publicly Funded R&D Collaborations and Patent Outcome in Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 03-24, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research.
- Alvin K. Klevorick & Richard C. Levin & Richard R. Nelson & Sidney G. Winter, 1993.
"On the Sources and Significance of Interindustry Differences in Technological Opportunities,"
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1052, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
- Klevorick, Alvin K. & Levin, Richard C. & Nelson, Richard R. & Winter, Sidney G., 1995. "On the sources and significance of interindustry differences in technological opportunities," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 24(2), pages 185-205, March.
- Nam-Hoon Kang & Kentaro Sakai, 2000. "International Strategic Alliances: Their Role in Industrial Globalisation," OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers 2000/5, OECD Publishing.
- Cantner, Uwe & Pyka, Andreas, 1998. "Absorbing Technological Spillovers: Simulations in an Evolutionary Framework," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press, vol. 7(2), pages 369-97, June.
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According to Greek legend, a young man was so fascinated, awestruck, and enraptured by his own image reflected on the surface of a pool that he sat lovingly gazing at water’s edge for so long that he succumbed to his own vanity and eventually transformed into a flower that carries his name, “Narcissus.”
The American Psychiatric Association, in its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual II (DSM) from 1968 lists “Narcissism” as an emotional problem and “Narcissistic Personality Disorder” (NPD) with a number of characteristics. These include
• An obvious self-focus in interpersonal exchanges
• Problems in sustaining satisfying relationships
• A lack of psychological awareness
• Difficulty with empathy
• Problems distinguishing the self from others (having bad interpersonal boundaries)
• Hypersensitivity to any insults or imagined insults
• Vulnerability to shame rather than guilt
• Haughty body language
• Flattery towards people who admire and affirm them
• Detesting those who do not admire them
• Using other people without considering the costs of doing so
• Pretending to be more important than they actually are
• Bragging and exaggerating their achievements
• Claiming to be an “expert” at many things
• Inability to view the world from the perspective of other people
• Denial of remorse and gratitude
In summary, this condition results in the over-inflation of one’s self-importance.
One does not have to have earned a Ph.D. in psychology to identify Donald Trump as someone suffering from Narcissistic Personality Disorder since he clearly manifests many, if not all, of its symptoms. While he definitely has not transformed into a beautiful fragrant flower as did the character in the Greek legend, we nonetheless have to ask some critical questions, which include:
How did Trump, as someone who may suffer from a serious emotional character disorder, garner so much support from the electorate to have vanquished 16 other candidates to win the mantle of the Republican Party for the presidency of the United States?
Does Trump’s meteoric ascendancy reflect a sort of collective Narcissistic Personality Disorder in the larger U.S. body politic?
Narcissistic Personality Disorder falls within the overall category of “sociopathology,” in which a person’s antisocial behavior demonstrates a lack of a sense of moral concern or responsibility or a deficit of social conscience. The American Psychiatric Association’s DSM classifies this condition as “Antisocial Personality Disorder” (APD), which it defines as “a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood.”
On a macro level, from Colonial times through the Revolutionary War and beyond, whose rights were considered important and included in the founding documents of the United States, and which groups of people were disregarded or not even considered?
And after so many years, have these violations been corrected at all?
Did any of the leading Republican primary candidates or the person (Trump) who went on to win, specifically identify and target any group or groups to disregard and violate their rights? And if so, did this candidate or candidates gain traction in terms of the vote count by employing this tactic? | <urn:uuid:da294300-1192-41d5-81fa-507237b7ab0a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2016/08/donald-trumps-enablers-time-intervention/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.955699 | 693 | 2.46875 | 2 |
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- Personal Emergency Preparedness
- BC Earthquake Immediate Response Plan
- AdventureSmart Outdoor Safety | <urn:uuid:cc0a20e1-c276-4a04-85a0-6281aef0d698> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hope.ca/links | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.844271 | 309 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Who says fitness equipment has to be expensive? Well, if you’re looking to add some challenge to your workouts, you may be interested in creating your own slosh pipe. Slosh pipe training is new to me and I learned about it after flipping through a fitness magazine. It is simply a piece of PVC pipe (6 to 10 feet long, 3 to 4 inches in diameter) and two end caps. You glue one end cap to the end of the pipe, fill the pipe halfway with water, and glue on the other end.
How to Create Your Own Slosh Pipe
The video below demonstrates how easy it is to create your own:
Slosh Pipe Training Benefits
Why carry around a pipe filled with water? It creates more of a challenge for exercises such as walking lunges, squats, or even just sitting and trying to keep it balanced over your head. The action of trying to keep it balanced activates more muscle fibers and gives your core muscles a good workout.
Demonstration in Training
Using one doesn’t look easy at all. However, it appears to be a cool way to add challenge and something new to your regular routine. Have you ever tried slosh pipe training? | <urn:uuid:d0b54052-da1b-48d5-8cda-f58ce0f09abd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.tryingfitness.com/slosh-pipe-training/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00177-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944346 | 246 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Amid the confusion and muddle of post-Brexit, there is a basic question needing to be answered: was the referendum advisory or binding?
We are often thinking and acting as if it was binding – Brexit is Brexit, says Mrs May – no argument.
But if, as some clever people, including AC Grayling, are saying, this referendum was advisory, then it remains up to Parliament to decide what to do with the advice.
Parliament is not going to be sitting for quite a while. When it reconvenes, it should perhaps decide a number of things about the referendum.
Was the 50 per cent pass mark high enough to trigger such a vast change as wholesale Brexit?
Was the fairly high involvement level high enough? Was the margin of difference between leave and remain appropriate as a platform for colossal change?
Parliament made mistakes, I would say, in the setting up of the referendum, with too big and too complex a subject to be decided in this way.
They have a chance to redeem themselves when they come to review the advice – if that is what it was – we gave them. | <urn:uuid:e0e19889-ab77-42b3-b775-f51032a95b39> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.gainsboroughstandard.co.uk/news/your-say/letter-was-the-referendum-result-advisory-or-binding-1-8046185 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00185-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979269 | 228 | 1.5625 | 2 |
forms of capital
Traditional financial theory separates a company’s long-term capital into two types:
–debt capital. This is money the firm has borrowed, either through bank loans or company-issued bonds. Creditors may have influence over company operations through restrictions spelled out in the loan documents, called covenants. They generally specify measures to accelerate loan repayment that the company must take if it fails to meet stipulated profit or cash flow measures. (An example: the firm may be forced to devote all cash flow to loan repayment if profits decline sharply. Money can’t be spent on things like capital improvements or dividends unless creditors give the ok.)
–equity capital. Equity means ownership. Common stock ownership is typically established by the means equity owners have to assert/protect their interests–usually the ability to vote on appointment of members of the firm’s board of directors. The board, in turn, hires and evaluates management.
Some companies may also issue preferred stock. Preferreds qualify for their name because they have some advantage, or preference, over common. The typical preferences are: higher/more secured dividend payment; and/or priority over common equity in liquidation proceedings. On the other hand, preferreds typically either have restricted/no voting rights. In the US, preferreds, despite the equity in their name, typically trade as if they were a form of corporate debt.
SNAP non-voting shares
Where do the SNAP shares fit in this scheme?
They’re clearly not debt …but are they equity?
They are certainly not traditional equity. They have no ability to exercise any influence on company operations, and certainly no way to replace an underperforming board of directors. On the other hand, they don’t appear to have any of the greater security of preferreds. In fact, they seem to be a hybrid that combines the riskier features of both.
The closest I can come, in my past experience, to US non-voting shares like SNAP’s (or Google’s for that matter) are Korean preferreds and Italian certificates of participation. In both cases, they traded well in up markets but underperformed very signficantly during market declines. | <urn:uuid:b76a0526-0a17-4dff-a23e-fd1a5061b00e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://practicalstockinvesting.com/tag/common-equity/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.957709 | 460 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Raipur. The District Education Officer of Raipur has issued an order for the appointment of Denial Officer. You heard that right.
The school education department in Chhattisgarh has come up with this unique and extraordinary idea. The department has now created the post of denial officer. The officer shall bear the responsibility to refute every news related to the school education department in the media. For this, the District Education Officer of Raipur, Assistant Director D.S. Chouhan has been appointed as the nodal officer.
The District Education Officer in an order said that according to the instructions received from the Directorate of Public Instruction, any negative news in the print or electronic media against the School Education Department, must be denied the very same day. The Nodal Officer must prioritise this and therefore check the newspapers daily. In that too the news related to the school education department must be seen. After examination and analysis, a press release of the rebuttal is to be prepared and issued to the press through the Public Relations Department after taking approval from the Head of Office.
If the published news is related to the state government, then before issuing the rebuttal, the information must be discussed with the Director of Public Instruction, Secretary or Principal Secretary. The Nodal Officer, District Education Officer and District Education Officer will issue a final release bringing the matter to the notice of the Joint Director. Joint Director Education has to give this information to Director Public Education. The funny thing is that in this entire order nothing has been written about any procedure for checking the facts raised in the news and taking action against those responsible. | <urn:uuid:060191f2-1684-44cd-a4a0-9e575ddf123d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dispatchnews.in/hi/uncategorized-hi/the-district-education-office-creates-the-post-of-a-denial-officer/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.968458 | 334 | 1.804688 | 2 |
By Mark Milke
and Lennie Kaplan
Canadian Energy Centre
Imagine you’re in Germany and wonder if it’s a good idea to rely so heavily on natural gas imports from Russia, where the governing regime is accused by German politicians of killing journalists and the attempted murder of Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny.
In response to the attack on Navalny, the head of Germany’s parliamentary committee on foreign affairs, Norbert Röttgen, urged the cancellation of the Russian natural gas pipeline, Nord Stream 2.
Ultimately, the official German government position is that the pipeline should go ahead, with the hope that the new U.S. administration of President Joe Biden and Congress will drop their opposition.
Non-democratic and illiberal governments have never had a problem using energy exports as a weapon in pursuit of their regime’s power. Examples abound, ranging from the 1973 oil embargo to Russia’s natural gas cutoff to Ukraine in mid-winter 2009 to Saudi Arabia’s regular manipulation of oil production levels and thus prices.
In contrast, liberal democratic countries have less ability to weaponize oil and natural gas. That’s in part because most energy companies in most democracies are in the private sector. They’re not state-owned firms subject to political diktats. Politicians can’t and shouldn’t instruct such energy companies on where their products should end up.
What governments in democracies can do is obstruct other nation’s energy firms – something two American administrations (under Barack Obama and now Biden) have done to Canadian oil companies, in particular on the Keystone XL pipeline.
That’s why it may be helpful for Americans to know how much foreign oil they’ve imported over the past several decades, and from which countries.
Between 1993 and 2020, Americans bought nearly $4.2 trillion (all figures in American dollars unless otherwise noted) of foreign oil, with $1.8 trillion or 43 per cent of that shipped by countries considered not free, such as Saudi Arabia and others. (In our report on U.S. foreign oil imports, we use freedom categories from the U.S. think-tank Freedom House, which ranks countries as free, not free or partly free.)
Just under $1.2 trillion or 28.4 per cent of oil came from partly free countries, with just over $1.2 trillion or 28.6 per cent having originated in free countries.
Canada is an example of a free country that has exported significant amounts of crude oil to the United States, $956 billion worth between 1993 and 2020. That made Canada the top supplier of foreign crude oil to the United States.
Of the top 10 suppliers of foreign crude oil to the United States in those years, Canada was the only free country. Five countries were ranked not free (Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Iraq, Angola and Algeria) with four ranked as partly free (Mexico, Nigeria, Colombia and Kuwait).
FROM THE ARCHIVES: Why America shouldn’t cut off Canada’s energy supplies by Mark Milke and Lennie Kaplan
Separate out U.S. foreign oil imports for 2020 and the ratio of free nations improves dramatically. As of last year, over 61 per cent of foreign oil imports came from free countries – $47.2 billion, mostly imports from Canada, with minor amounts from others.
Imports from not free and partly free countries constituted just under 39 per cent of all U.S. foreign oil imports and were worth nearly $30 billion.
However, the increased share of U.S. foreign oil imports doesn’t mean the various attempts to obstruct Canadian crude oil have been unsuccessful.
Whether the Obama administration’s blocking of Keystone XL or the self-harm in Canada where pipelines Northern Gateway and Energy East were killed by a combination of politics and activism (tanker bans on the northern coast of B.C. for the former, and federal regulation and anti-oil activism in Quebec on the latter), such killing of alternative markets to the Americans has been costly.
Fraser Institute estimated that from 2013 to 2017, after accounting for quality differences and transportation costs, the depressed price for Canadian heavy crude oil resulted in C$20.7 billion in foregone revenues for the Canadian energy industry. In 2020, IHS Markit estimated the loss of income for Canadian producers at US$14 billion (between 2015 and 2019 inclusive). IHS Markit called that number “conservative.”
When American politicians and others block Canadian oil, such actions are costly to Canada – precisely the goal of some such actors. And sure, American importers do have other options. But none of them are as friendly and free as Canada.
Mark Milke and Lennie Kaplan are with the Canadian Energy Centre, an Alberta government corporation funded in part by carbon taxes. They are authors of the report U.S. Foreign Oil Imports: $1.8 Trillion from Tyrannies and Autocracies Since 1993.
Mark and Lennie are among our Thought Leaders. For interview requests, click here. | <urn:uuid:e0c1d2bd-8df6-44e4-adf1-d9404c66fa2e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://troymedia.com/business/canadian-oil-still-the-safest-bet-for-americans/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.947644 | 1,052 | 2.046875 | 2 |
One of the most remarkable tours available to visitors to Washington D.C. is the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. It is fascinating to learn about the process by which paper money is manufactured. One great task of the government is to make counterfeiting difficult. Many agents of the Treasury Department spend their entire careers tracking down fake money. On these tours, the most commonly asked question is, “What’s the best way to avoid receiving counterfeit bills?” The answer is always the same: “Just learn the marks of a true bill. Then you will not have any trouble spotting the fake ones.1
That guideline holds true for Revelation 13. In this chapter, we will see the emergence of an Unholy Trinity: the great Dragon, the Beast, and the False Prophet. This trio of wickedness will be bent on deceiving and destroying the world. Yet, the message of Revelation 13 and the rest of Scripture is: Maintain a close relationship with Jesus, the true One, and those who are cheap imitations of Him will never deceive or destroy you. Please turn in your Bible to Revelation 13.2
Revelation 13 is composed of two major sections, each of which describes a beast. Verses 1-10 depict the Beast from “out of the sea.” This Beast represents civil and military power. Verses 11-18 describe the Beast from “out of the earth.” The second Beast represents religious and media power in service of the first Beast. Both Beasts are instruments of the Dragon to persecute the church and to deceive the unbelieving world.3 In these two sections, God gives us two precautions that hold true not only for tribulation believers but also for believers of all ages, including ours.
1. Beware of satanic partnerships (13:1-10). In 13:1, John writes, “And the dragon4 [Satan] stood on the sand of the seashore.5 Then I saw a beast6 coming up out of the sea…” The word “beast” refers to a wild and ferocious animal.7 Yet, in this context, John is referring to a man who rules over and represents a particular nation (cf. Dan 7:17). The description “beast” points out two things. First, it portrays the brutal, bloody, uncontrolled, and wild character of the dictator and his system; it is inhuman. Second, the word “beast” portrays this man as the epitome and paramount outgrowth of the character of Satan who is himself called “the great red Dragon” (12:3). John watches this Beast “coming up out of the sea.” The implication is that the Dragon summoned the Beast out of the sea. Evidently, this was part of his plan to destroy the rest of the woman’s offspring (12:17). “The sea” represents the Abyss—the abode of Satan (9:11; 20:1-3), the Beast (11:7; 17:8), and some demons (cf. Luke 8:31; 2 Pet 2:4; Jude 6). (11:7; 17:8).8
This Beast is said to have “ten horns and seven heads,9 and on his horns were ten diadems, and on his heads were blasphemous names” (13:1b). Before we can begin to make some sense of this verse, we must recognize that in prophecy it is sometimes hard to determine when a passage is speaking about the king or the kingdom since the kingdom is the epitome of the king from whom it gets its character. For instance, even in the U.S., we often speak of the administration in power by the name of the president (i.e., the Bush administration). Likewise, a passage may refer to the king in one verse and the kingdom in the next, or vice versa. This is evidently the case here. Verses 1 and 2 look more at the kingdom, the empire; verse 3 includes both, and verses 4 and following refer more to the individual, the satanically controlled or possessed dictator. So “the beast” may refer to the end-time kingdom, the empire, or to the dictator or both.10
In 13:1-2, there is figurative language that must be explained.11 The “ten horns” are ten future kings who will rule over ten nations (17:12). The “seven heads” are seven historic Gentile kingdoms, which are represented by seven kings or rulers.12 These Gentile powers or nations find their culmination in the Beast.13
The “ten horns” look at the future history of the Beast while the seven heads look at the past history (cf. Dan 7:24). The “ten diadems” are symbols of governmental authority (cf. 12:3). The diadems are placed on the horns rather than on the heads of the Beast to show that his claim to authority rests on brute force.14 The “blasphemous names” reflect the Beast’s opposition to God (cf. 13:5-6; 2 Thess 2:4). The Beast is evidently Antichrist, who is the head of a future empire (cf. 13:8, 18; 17:8).15
In 13:2a, John describes the Beast: “And the beast which I saw was like a leopard, and his feet were like those of a bear, and his mouth like the mouth of a lion.” In Daniel these three animals represented three kingdoms that previously ruled the world. The fourth kingdom that Daniel described (Dan 7:23) includes Antichrist’s kingdom. The Beast is a composite of all the beasts or empires throughout human history that have gone against God and His people.16
In 13:2b, John adds a very important note: “And the dragon gave17 him his power and his throne and great authority.” The Beast will derive his power and position from Satan (cf. 2 Thess 2:9). Instead of being “Spirit-filled” (Eph 5:18); He is “Satan-filled”! This is a powerful reminder of Satan’s control. Many people pursue power, pleasure, and possessions without even realizing that they have partnered with Satan’s agenda. In sixth grade, I began to listen to heavy metal music. Some of the bands that I listened to used the occult for the purpose of shock value. When I read interviews on these bands, they assured all their fans that they were not Satanists. At the time, I bought into this rational. I liked the music so much that I chose to ignore the lyrics and the lifestyles. Yet years down the road, I realized that these bands were obliviously glorifying Satan. It may have been initially unintentional and innocent in their minds, yet Satan used these rock stars like marionettes. This remains true today. Every musician has an agenda. It is positive or negative, selfish or unselfish, or a little of both. We must be able to discern what we’re listening to. Am I telling you what kind of music you should listen to? No, that is between you and God (and maybe you and your parents). I’m just encouraging you to be wise.
In 13:3-4, the plot thickens. John writes, “I saw one of his heads as if18 it had been slain, and his fatal wound was healed.19 And the whole earth was amazed and followed after the beast; they worshiped the dragon because he gave his authority to the beast; and they worshiped the beast, saying, ‘Who is like the beast, and who is able to wage war with him?’” Most likely the Beast is killed (assassinated by a sword/knife, cf. 13:14) and brought back to life. Scripture is silent as to the source of the healing. If the healing of the Beast does refer to a physical resuscitation, no doubt the forces of Satan will take credit for such a work when it occurs.20 This is interesting; Jesus rises from the dead and the world refuses to believe. But Satan’s messiah rises and the whole world is amazed and forms a church to worship him (13:4, 12, 14). The Beast not only rules, he is idolized. The present celebrity culture shows us how easily that could happen. This demonstrates the utter depravity of people. During the tribulation, spiritual realities become crystallized. There are only two groups/kinds of worshippers: the Beast and the Lamb. This is also true today even though we have a multitude of religions. Satan desires all religions to worship him. The expression, “Who is like the beast?” seems to be a spoof of Old Testament praises of God.21 “Who is like You among the gods, O Lord?” (Exod 15:11). Later the Lamb will prove superior to the Beast (14:1-5; 17:14; 19:11-21) but during this period of the tribulation, the Beast reigns.
However in 13:5-8, it becomes clear that Satan and the Beast can’t do a single thing without permission from God.22 In 13:5-6, John writes, “There was given to him23 a mouth speaking arrogant words and blasphemies, and authority to act for forty-two months was given to him. And he opened his mouth in blasphemies against God, to blaspheme His name and His tabernacle, that is, those who dwell in heaven.” The word “blaspheme” means “to harm one’s reputation through defaming speech.”
The Beast poured forth blasphemies against God (His person and works), His name (defamation of character), and those who are in heaven. But note that he only has authority to act for 42 months. This is a powerful reminder that God limits the extent of evil. We must always remember to trust in God’s power.
In 13:7-8, John goes on to record, “It was also given to him to make war with the saints and to overcome them, and authority over every tribe and people and tongue and nation was given to him. All who dwell on the earth will worship him, everyone whose name has not been written from the foundation of the world in the book of life of the Lamb who has been slain.”24 The Beast will wage war against believers and overcome them (i.e., kill them, 13:15). Through this victory, he will become a worldwide dictator (Dan 7:21, 23). No other ruler has ever been able to rule the entire world. Again, we see that the entire world will worship him. This is Satan’s ultimate goal: to be worshipped as God.
Here is John’s further observation dealing with the problem of evil. Although God has permitted evil, yet from the beginning He planned the ultimate remedy for overcoming evil: the sacrificial death of His Son. Jesus was not only slain in the first century, He was slain from eternity in terms of God’s eternal plan (Eph 1:4). Before creation God chose you to have a relationship with Him (cf. Rev 17:8; Eph 1:4). Despite what suffering you go through in this life, your name is written in the Book of Life. God doesn’t have a cosmic eraser. You’re secure in Christ. It is this security that ought to compel you to live for Him.
After giving some hope in 13:9-10a, John shares a tough bit of news: “If anyone has an ear, let him hear.25 If anyone is destined for captivity, to captivity he goes; if anyone kills with the sword, with the sword he must be killed.” In light of the coming imprisonment and death of even more Christians the readers are to persevere. This is what John means when he writes, “Here is the perseverance and the faith26 of the saints” (13:10b). These fatalistically sounding words are not meant to discourage the believers, but to tell them that given the shortness of the time, it is better to go to jail or submit to death, rather than hold out for one’s own continued earthly existence.27 Because heaven awaits us, earth and its freedoms can be forfeited without real loss.
This verse is a reminder that Christians are not to take up arms and fight or go into survivalist mode. God calls us to accept our fates without resisting. The answer is not to fight but to be faithful unto death (2:10). We can fulfill this calling as we realize that we never have to fear. God is still in control even in the time of great authority for the Dragon. The emphasis here is that there are no accidents, what God has destined will happen. One of the greatest prayers that you can pray is, “God, grant me supernatural perseverance when evil comes my way. Deliver me from the Evil One (Matt 6:13). Grant me perseverance in my relationship with You. Grant me perseverance in my marriage and ministry. God’s goal for every believer is to “present every man complete in Christ” (Col 1:28b).
2. Beware of satanic religions (13:11-18). In 13:11, John writes, “Then I saw another28 beast coming up out of the earth; and he had two horns like a lamb and he spoke as a dragon.” The second Beast is called the “False Prophet” elsewhere in Revelation (16:13; 19:20; 20:10). This Beast comes “up out of the earth.” The contrast between the earth and sea could simply be that the former arises first and at the time of terrible chaos among the nations (who are like the raging sea, Isa 57:20) when people are fearful and crying for “peace and safety” and for a world ruler to settle world conditions. The second Beast may come on the scene after world conditions have been settled somewhat, when chaos has given place to some order and a more stable government has settled in human society (the earth). This second Beast comes as a wolf in sheep’s clothing (Matt 7:15) but his association and identity becomes clear.
Satan’s hand in history is seldom ugly in appearance at the time. It is only ugly in retrospect. There is a reason, I believe, why the Beast and the False Prophet are both described as beasts. It is because they will not initially appear as such. The awesome power of the first Beast and the stunning signs and speech of the second will dazzle the men who dwell on the earth. Their ugliness is exposed by their description in Revelation 13 because that is the way saints need to perceive them. Remember that Satan appeared to Eve as a beautiful creature, not as a dragon. God wants us to see Satan and his servants as they are; Satan wants to appear as an angel of light (cf. 2 Cor 11:14).
In 13:12, the Beast “exercises all the authority of the first beast in his presence. And he makes the earth and those who dwell in it to worship the first beast, whose fatal wound was healed.” The Greek word translated “exercises” or “performs” (poieo) is used eight times in 13:12-16. The False Prophet is giving performances—counterfeit performances. The goal is to bring about worship. The truth is Christianity is a threat to world religion. Because Christianity claims to be mutually exclusive, world ecumenical religion must put it down. Unity at all costs will be the theme of the future in order to obtain syncretism in religion. World religion must eliminate religions that claim distinction.
The Dragon and the two Beasts mentioned in chapters 12 and 13 are a counterfeit of the divine Trinity. The Dragon seeks worship that belongs only to God. The first Beast seeks to rule the world, which is Jesus Christ’s prerogative. The second Beast glorifies the first Beast, which is a counterfeit of the Holy Spirit’s ministry of glorifying Christ.
John writes in 13:13 that “He performs great signs, so that he even makes fire come down out of heaven to the earth in the presence of men.” Like Elijah in the Old Testament and the two witnesses in Rev 11, the second Beast will even be able to call down fire from heaven. The purpose of these signs is to authenticate the authority of the first Beast. Not all miracles are of God, for the second Beast performs these miracles in the presence and authority of the first Beast (13:2). No discerning Christian trusts any and every miracle. He or she must ask the question, “Is this miracle demonic or divine?” Let us never lose sight of the fact that false teachers, prophets, and “christs” can have great power and do many strange and seemingly wonderful things (cf. Matt 24:5, 11, 23-24; 2 Thess 2:9-12). The test of a true prophet is not just his ability to perform great wonders (cf. Deut 18:20-22), but also his fidelity to the revealed Word of God (cf. Deut 13:1-3).
In 13:14-15, John writes, “And he deceives those who dwell on the earth because of the signs which it was given him to perform in the presence of the beast, telling those who dwell on the earth to make an image29 to the beast who had the wound of the sword and has come to life. And it was given to him to give breath to the image of the beast, so that the image of the beast would even speak and cause as many as do not worship the image of the beast to be killed.” The greatest sign—the world makes an image/idol of the Beast, and the False Prophet breathes life/breath/spirit into it. This image then gives orders to kill all who fail to worship the Beast. Satan is at his best when he tries to copy the work of God. Satan loves to counterfeit God’s work.
My boys love to draw. They are pretty amazing artists. They can draw quite a bit, free hand. They possess amazing creativity. They take after their mother. Their father, on the other hand, used to trace or carbon copy comic strips and then present them to his parents as his own. They put my artwork on the fridge like most proud parents do. But I knew it was a forge job.
The result of this great miracle is found in 13:16-17, when the False Prophet “causes all, the small and the great, and the rich and the poor, and the free men and the slaves, to be given a mark on their right hand or on their forehead,30 and he provides that no one will be able to buy or to sell, except the one who has the mark, either the name of the beast or the number of his name.”
During the tribulation period, the False Prophet will cause all the peoples of the world to receive a mark. The mark will likely be a technological advancement. Currently, we can identify people by using voice prints or laser scans of their retina. Scientists have even developed a computer chip small enough to be imbedded in your fingertip. It is worth mentioning that the choice of the right hand or forehead is significant. Both locations are conspicuous. The mark cannot be hidden. It is given some place publicly visible. Satan knows what Christ and the writers of Scripture teach: our faith is a public thing.
The effect of the mark is economic. No buying or selling. Think about it! No food, gas, electricity, home, car, clothes. What would you do? No seed to plant. Time of famine, and bread is $100 a loaf, so who will share it? That’s the “buying” part. Also can’t sell, therefore no work, no garage sales, or classified ads. There will be enormous pressure to be marked! Believers will lose their jobs and possessions, but God will reward them for all that they have lost. In Mark 10:29-31, Jesus said, “Truly I say to you, there is no one who has left house or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or farms, for My sake and for the Gospel’s sake, but that he will receive a hundred times as much now in the present age, houses and brothers and sisters and mothers and children and farms, along with persecutions; and in the age to come, eternal life. But many who are first will be last, and the last, first.”
John closes with this exhortation: “Here is wisdom31 [or “This demands wisdom”]. Let him who has understanding calculate32 the number of the beast, for the number is that of a man; and his number is six hundred and sixty-six.” Just type in 666 into your search engine and see how many hits you get! Everyone is trying to figure out who he is. There have been many suggestions like Kennedy, Kissenger, Clinton, and Hussein. My two favorites are Gorbachev (because of the birthmark on his head) and Ronald Wilson Regan (because of the six letters in each of his three names). Christians have cried “Wolf” so often on this that they have totally lost credibility, so that when the real guy shows up (we might see him on the horizon), no one will listen.
While at the present period of history it seems unthinkable that such a state of affairs could occur, we must remember that we are only 70 years removed from the rise of Hitler and Stalin, and it is pure arrogance to think something similar could not happen again. If anyone could solve the terrorist crises, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, and the unrest in Africa, and bring peace to our troubled world, people would rush to worship such a person.33 As Francis Schaffer said, “People will give up freedom to gain security.” That is the basis for the rise of dictators in a lot of cases. This is the time when people shout “Peace and safety!” and the Antichrist promises it to them (1 Thess 5:1-3).
Where does your peace and safety lie today? Are you resting in Christ? If so, you have nothing to fear. But I warn you, beware of satanic partnerships and religion. Seek to beware of any pressures (e.g., political, religious, or economic) that attempt to pull you away from Christ.
1 Revised from Kendell H. Easley, Revelation: HNTC (Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 1998), 237.
2 Copyright © 2004 Keith R. Krell. All rights reserved. All Scripture quotations, unless indicated, are taken from the New American Standard Bible, © 1960, 1962, 196x3, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1975, 1977, and 1995 by The Lockman Foundation, and are used by permission.
3 Rev 13 is particularly dependent upon Daniel 7. It is only out of the context of the Old Testament prophets in general and the 7th chapter of Daniel in particular that we will adequately grasp the message of our text.
4 There is a textual problem associated with the last sentence of Revelation 12, the solution of which will determine whether we understand that it is John (“I”) who is standing on the seashore or the Dragon (“he”). The difference in the Greek text is the presence or absence of but one letter, the equivalent of our letter “n.” The matter is not of great import, for only the emphasis would change in either case. If it was the Dragon that stood on the seashore, it would further emphasize the close relationship between chapters 12 and 13, of the coming forth of the Beasts and Satan’s frustrations and failures.
5 In Revelation 13:1a in our English Bibles, we find him standing on the seashore with the Beast rising up out of the sea, but in the Greek text this sentence is Revelation 12:18.
6 Hollywood movies like the Omen, Damien, Rosemary’s Baby, The Devil’s Advocate, and End of Days have focused on the Beast (i.e., the Antichrist).
7 The term “beast” is to be contrasted with “living creature” (6:3, 5, 7).
8 The ancient world often associated evil with the sea and used the sea as a figure for the Abyss (cf. Job 16:12-13; Ps 74:13-14; 87:4; 89:9-10; Isa 27:1; 51:9-10; 57:20; Dan 7:3; Rom 10:7).
9 John pictures the Lamb (i.e., Jesus) with seven horns and seven eyes (Rev 5:6).
10 This is supported by the following: (1) Revelation 17:10 tells us the seven mountains are kings. This could indicate that the mountains are symbolical for the kingdoms these seven kings represent. (2) Rome is known as the city of seven hills, but the hills of Rome are not mountains. (3) The term mountain is commonly used in Scripture as an image of a kingdom (Ps 30:7; Isa 2:3; Dan 2:35, 45; Jer 51:5). (4) But more importantly, chapter 17 deals with the harlot system of Babylon which goes all the way back to the time of Nimrod and all these Gentile world powers have been her lovers and supporters, not Rome alone (cf. 17:1-2, 15). It is more likely that the seven mountains refer to seven successive Gentile kingdoms, which go way back, far beyond Rome. See Hampton Keathley III, Studies in Revelation ( www.bible.orgwww.bible.org: Biblical Studies Foundation, 1997), 223-24.
11 The repetition of heads, horns, and diadems (Rev 12:3) suggests that there is a close affinity between the Dragon and this Beast. Yet there are some differences in the descriptions of these heads, horns, and crowns.
12 The beast had seven heads that apparently represent the remaining seven rulers of nations after three of them disappear (Dan 7:8).
13 The nations refer to the major world empires up to the time of Rome and which also were connected with the nation of Israel and her enslavements. These were: (1) Egypt: This was the first great world empire and the cause of Israel’s enslavement before entrance into the land. (2) Assyria: Historically this was the next great empire which took the northern kingdom of Israel into captivity in 722 B.C. (3) Babylon or the Chaldean empire: This is where Daniel’s prophecies begin and where we have the captivity of Judah, the southern kingdom. In Daniel’s prophecies he does not list the three preceding Gentile powers because his prophecies look forward only from his time in history to the final Gentile power and the return of the Lord. But Revelation 13 and 17 both look back (the seven heads) and forward (the ten kings). (4) Medo-Persia: This Gentile power followed Babylon and was the kingdom under which a remnant of Israel were allowed to return to the land to rebuild the city and the temple (cf. Ezra and Nehemiah). (5) Greece: This was the kingdom of Alexander and his successors who likewise ruled over the land of Palestine. (6) Rome: The Roman Empire of New Testament times was the empire of the emperors who reigned from before Christ: Augustus (30 B.C. - A.D. 14), to Domitian when Revelation was written (A.D. 81-96), and afterwards. During this time, Jerusalem was destroyed and the Jews dispersed worldwide (A.D. 70 - A.D. 135). Later the Roman Empire divided into the eastern and western divisions (the two legs of the image in Daniel 2) and finally fell, becoming fragmented into many nations. (7) What about the seventh head? Revelation 17:10-11 explains the seventh head. It is really a future kingdom though it has historical roots in the sixth kingdom. Revelation 17:10 says “five are fallen.” These five are Egypt, Assyria, Babylon, Persia and Greece. “One is,” which is the sixth, the Roman empire of John’s day. “And the other is not yet come,” this is the revived Roman empire, the ten nation confederation or the ten horns under the leadership of the white horse rider in the first half of the tribulation. Compare 17:11 with 17:8, “The Beast which you saw was (refers to his past history, old Rome), and is not (does not presently exist; from John’s standpoint it would soon pass from the scene, i.e., the fall of Rome), and is about to come up (refers to the revived Roman empire).” Now in 17:11, this Beast, the Roman Empire represented by its king, becomes an eighth kingdom while at the same time being one of the seven, specifically, the seventh. The eighth refers to the imperial form of the revived Roman Empire in the last half of the Tribulation under the power of the dictator, the man of lawlessness or the antichrist who is also called the beast. See Keathley III, Studies in Revelation, 223-24.
14 Robert H. Mounce, The Book of Revelation: NICNT (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1998), 250.
15 Robert L. Thomas, Revelation 8-22 (Chicago: Moody, 1995), 153.
16 Grant R. Osborne, Revelation: ECNT (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2002), 492
17 Elsewhere it is God who gives authority to do things (Revelation 6:2, 4, 8, 11; 7:2; 8:2, 3; 9:1, 3, 5; 11:1, 2; 12:14; 13:5, 7, 14, 15; 16:8; 19:8; 20:4).
18 The word “if” does not appear in the Greek. Literally the Greek says, “as slain unto death.”
19 See Gregory H. Harris, “The Wound of the Beast in the Tribulation,” Bibliotheca Sacra 156:624 (October-
December 1999): 459-68.
20 The possibility of the Beast’s return to life (with either God’s sovereign permission or His active working) should not be readily ruled out. In other words it is not impossible that the Antichrist should return to life because of the unique status of the tribulation and the increased capacity of satanic power during that time, as well as God’s broadening the parameters of what He will either permit or accomplish directly. In support of the view that this wound was fatal is the fact that identical language is used of Christ’s death and resurrection. Revelation 5:6 describes the Lamb “as if slain,” the same words used of the wound received by the Beast.
21 Cf. Exod 15:11; Ps 35:10; 113:5; Isa 40:18, 25; 46:5; Jer 49:19; Mic 7:18.
22 Four times in Rev 13:5-7, the original text notes that the Beast was given something: a mouth (13:5); authority for 42 months (13:5); authority to make war (13:7); and authority over people (13:7).
23 God’s sovereignty: Everything the two Beasts do occurs only because God allows them to do so (13:5-8, 14-15), and the saints submit to God because He tells them to do so (13:9-10). Also the great works of the Beast are mere counterfeits of what Christ and His servants have already done (13:3, 14).
24 It has been debated whether “from the foundation of the world” modifies “the Book of Life written” or “the slain Lamb.” The word order favors “slain” as the antecedent. However, the parallel in Revelation 17:8 favors “written.”
25 “If any one has an ear, let him hear” (cf. Matthew 11:15; 13:9; Revelation 2:7, 11, 17, 29; 3:6, 13, 22). It is worth noting that the oft-repeated phrase “to the churches” is excluded. This supports the notion that the church has already been raptured.
26 The noun “faith” (pistis) is only found four times in Revelation (2:13, 19; 13:10; 14:12). But it is found in critical conjunctures of the book. Interestingly, the verb “believe” (pisteuo) does not occur at all.
27 My friend, Bob Deffinbaugh writes, “The contest of these verses (Jer 42:17, 22; 43:11) helps us understand their meaning. After the first waves of Babylonian assault on Jerusalem and Judea, some faithful Jews still remained in (or had returned to) Jerusalem. Fearing that the Babylonian army was yet to wage another campaign on Jerusalem, the people were considering whether or not to flee to Egypt, where they thought they would be protected from the Babylonians. They came to Jeremiah for a word of divine guidance, and these words are a part of his response. Jeremiah assured these people that they would be safe if they remained in Jerusalem. Even though they might be led into Babylonian captivity, God would protect them and once again bring them back into their land. He warned the people that if they sought safety in Egypt, there would be no security there at all. Instead, the very things they dreaded, “the sword, famine, and pestilence,” would overtake them there. Their only security was to trust in the Word of God. I believe that this context and the message of Jeremiah fits very well into the setting of Revelation 13:1-10. The perseverance of the saints must rest in their confidence in the Word of God. They will be safe only when they continue to trust only in Him. Lest one should consider “bowing the knee” to the beast so as to save their life, let them be reminded in Jeremiah’s words that death is inevitable, if death is the will of God. One will not escape captivity or the sword if this is God's will. Such should not be dreaded by those who trust in the One who died and rose again, and who will give them deliverance from the second death.” Robert Deffinbaugh, Unpublished notes on Revelation.
28 Gk. allo, means, “another of the same kind.”
29 The image is mentioned three times here in this chapter and in 14:9, 11; 15:2; 16:2; 19:20 and 20:4. This image becomes the center of the false worship of the Beast and the focal point of the final state of apostasy and idolatry.
30 In Deuteronomy 6:8 God told the Jews to place the Shema (6:4) on their hands and foreheads. In Ezekiel 9:4 the Lord required that the Hebrew letter tau be placed on the foreheads of all who had repented of the idolatry of the nation, indicating that they belonged to Him.
31 In a context like this, “here” (ode) draws a conclusion from the previous statement (“in this case, moreover,” see BDAG). Thus, John is saying that “in light of” the coming mark of the Beast, the readers need wisdom. Due to the critical nature of this “wisdom” here, it may be better to translate “This demands...” See Osborne, Revelation, 519.
32 Gk. psephizo, “to count, compute, reckon” (cf. Luke 14:28 the only other place the word is used in the New Testament). This word was used of calculating the numerical value of a word or number, of voting, of a vote in the sense of resolving to do something. But it also meant to calculate in order to arrive at a value (cf. Lev 27:23 where this word is used in the LXX translation of the OT Hebrew).
33 Osborne, Revelation, 522. | <urn:uuid:c489e7bd-cbeb-42ef-bd5f-7380d936cdda> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://bible.org/print/book/export/html/3801 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00190-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95399 | 7,796 | 2.109375 | 2 |
All sites are not created equal. While the full benefits of passive solar can only be gained with an unobstructed southern exposure, many sites offer less. Of course, solar is only one consideration, and not necessarily the most important. To get the most out of it, you will have to plan your site.
Site planning requires knowing your site. Spend some time there during all parts of the day and in all seasons. Imagine living there. Know where the sun rises and sets, and how much access you have to it in winter. What is the microclimate, prevailing seasonal winds, rain, snow and storm directions? What is the topography, slopes and their direction, soil type, water runoff and water table, and plant life? How can all of these be modified for access, outdoor areas, disposal fields, wells, power lines, etc.? All of these considerations should tell you where your house should be located, the pattern of its layout and its geometry. Design you lot first, then design your house for the lot.
North views and slopes restrict solar access, especially for passive solar. To compensate for this lack of energy gain, we enhance energy conservation.
Minimize Northern Exposure, the high heat-loss face of the house, by keeping a low roofline and by setting the house into the ground, employing earth berming. [ See Diagram 1 ]
Minimize North Facing Glass, the highest heat-loss component. North views can be seen out through corners allowing some of the glass to face east or west. You do not need to see square out the glass to obtain a particular view.
This also allows early morning or late afternoon light to enter the house. Open plans allow sharing the view from the same window with several spaces. [ See Diagram 2 ]
Daylighting your home has surprisingly little to do with how much glass you use. It has everything to do with orientation [allowing the sun in a various times of the day], with penetration [allowing the sun to penetrate deep into the building], and with what you do with that light [bouncing it around off reflective surfaces or diffusing it with shear drapes or blinds]. Centering windows and skylights minimizes reflected light.
Since glass is expensive, it is nice to know that you do not need a lot of it to get a lot of light. In addition, some of this glass may be oriented to give you some passive solar gain.
Maximize light by space planning and window placement. Remember that buildings create semi-enclosed outside spaces like courtyards. [ See Diagram 3 ]
Maximize Light by your building geometry, using skylights and clerestories. [ See Diagram 4 ]
Passive Solar should be inherent in your design. The steeper the north slope, the more difficult this becomes. Solar gain through the walls of south facing courtyards may require difficult and expensive site modifications. Solar gain through the roof with skylights and clear-stories require the ability to move and store this heat. Indeed, if you have limited passive solar and any access to the sun in winter, you can also incorporate active solar to increase the amount of energy available.
Active Solar uses a collector to absorb the suns energy and then transfers this energy by air or liquid or both. The collectors can be integrated into the house geometry or even mounted remote from the house if this is necessary to access the sun. Active solar is predominately used for hearing your domestic hot water where the strong summer sun needs only a small collector. To capture a lot of heat from the weak winter sun, a much larger and thus more expensive collector is required. Relying on active solar for a significant proportion of your heating becomes expensive and you will have enough surplus heat in the summer to heat a fair-sized swimming pool or to provide hot water from your neighbours. A compromise approach is to oversize a domestic hot water system which will give you some space heat late in the winter while adding minimally to the cost. There are several approaches to integrating active solar into your space heating system. [ See Diagram5 ] | <urn:uuid:64850709-5662-452c-b5be-09cb4e4dc54c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://solarns.ca/North-Facing-Slopes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.940841 | 866 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Criminal Justice Student Transformed by Inside-Out Prison Exchange Program
During her first day at the Plymouth County Correctional Facility, Eliana Lopes was scared. She sat down for two hours as representatives reviewed the regulations she would have to follow moving forward, and wondered what her time here would be like.
No, Eliana is not a criminal. She's not even an inmate. Eliana is a student in the Bay State College Criminal Justice program, and she's here to take an academic course.
It's all made possible through the Inside-Out Prison Exchange Program, which brings together "inside (incarcerated) and "outside" students for a semester-long course in a prison setting. Last semester, students from our Taunton location took the course Incarceration, Rehabilitation and Reentry with Bay State College Professor Carolyn Riley.
"I think we were just as afraid of them as they were afraid of us," shared Eliana. "We didn't know what to expect. But it was a good group of people. We were all very open. There was a lot of sharing about what it's like on the outside and what it's like being on the inside."
With the Inside-Out Prison Exchange model, classes take a seminar format with plenty of opportunities for students to share their thoughts and opinions. One of the activities that resonated most with Eliana was when students would leave class and write about a certain issue from their perspective, then share it with their classmates the next day.
"Much of what we shared had to do with how education changed us. How we could have been sitting on their end, but something in our lives took a different path. A lot of these students actually grew up behind bars, but said if they were still on the outside they wouldn't have been the same person because the transformation they had gone through on the inside would not have happened."
"It changed my whole mindset about what an inmate is. Before, I used to think: you did your crime, you're guilty, you're doing your time. That's it. In the class, you sit down and actually talk with them. You hear them define who they are... they're more than just 'the inmate'. They're the same as us, they've just made some mistakes."
Eliana's experience fits in with the humanistic goal of the Bay State College Criminal Justice curriculum and will, she believes, have a direct impact on how she approaches her job in the future.
"I think this whole experience will make me a better police officer. Without going through this program, I would have not understood the other side of the job, the inmate's perspective on life. Anyone in the criminal justice system needs to understand both sides. It's more than just laws that have to be abided by, it's more than just rules and regulations. There's a humanistic aspect of things that I think a lot of criminal justice professionals are missing... I think the Criminal Justice program at Bay State does a great job of humanizing- you're given a face and a story for someone in every aspect of the criminal justice system."
Interested in our Criminal Justice program? Bay State College offers all of our Criminal Justice programs in the day, evening and online! Click one (or all!) of these links to learn more: B.S. in Criminal Justice, B.S. in Criminal Justice - Domestic and International Security Concentration, A.S. in Criminal Justice
Interested in participating in our next course with the Inside-Out Prison Exchange Program? It's open to all Bay State College students! Contact Professor Bill Morrissette at email@example.com for more information. | <urn:uuid:e5b64668-bf4c-43ab-bd07-860220ac7a37> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.baystate.edu/blog/post/criminal-justice-student-transformed-by-inside-out-prison-exchange-program/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.982072 | 759 | 2 | 2 |
Council of Economic Advisers
FISCAL CHALLENGES: HEALTH CARE, TAXES, AND BEYOND
Full PDF Document (41K)
The United States faces important fiscal challenges in the coming years, both on the spending side and on the revenue side of the federal balance sheet. Before elaborating on the challenges raised by federal entitlement programs and the complexities of the tax code, however, I would first like to put the current federal budget in longer-run perspective. I will begin by presenting some basic facts about the evolution of fiscal spending and revenues over the postwar period. We will see that for more than forty years federal spending as a share of GDP has remained roughly stable, but that the composition of the federal budget has changed in important ways. While that stability seems likely to continue for a few years yet, if no action is taken, about a decade from now the share of national output spent by the federal government will begin to rise inexorably, with potentially severe adverse consequences for the economy.
THE FEDERAL BUDGET: A RETROSPECTIVE
Lets begin our retrospective of federal budgetary trends with the expenditure side. I will focus on the years since 1962, a period which excludes the post-World War II transition and for which detailed data happen to be easily available.
The ratio of government outlays to the gross domestic product (GDP) is perhaps the best summary measure of the share of national resources being absorbed by federal programs. The mix of revenue sources and the size of deficits then tell us how that spending is being allocated across people and across generations, as well as how efficiently it is being financed. Despite the many changes in the economy and in the mix of government programs that have occurred since 1962, in most years federal outlays remained close to the long-run average value of about 20.4% of the gross domestic product. Since 1962, outlays have ranged from a low of 17.2% of GDP in 1965 to a high of 23.5% in 1983, a figure that reflected both an increase in military spending under President Reagan and the effects of the 1981-82 recession, which pushed GDP below its potential and increased the need for financial assistance to individuals and communities. Outlays averaged 20.7% of GDP during the 1990s, just above the long-run average, and they have averaged 19.4% of GDP in the last 10 years.
The stability of the federal governments spending as a share of the economy over more than four decades masks some important underlying trends in the composition of expenditures, however, and those trends will have important implications for the size of federal outlays in the future. Most notably, since 1962 the share of GDP and of the governments budget devoted to entitlement spending has risen steadily as the share of GDP devoted to defense spending has fallen. The biggest entitlement programs are Social Security and Medicare, which provide income and health coverage primarily to the retired, and Medicaid, a program under which the federal and state governments cooperate to provide medical care to lower-income people. (In fact, the majority of Medicaid dollars go to people over age 65 as well.) In 1962, entitlement spending, which at the time consisted primarily of Social Security benefits, absorbed 2.5% of the nations GDP and about 13% of the federal budget. Medicare and Medicaid were introduced in the 1960s, and over time both the generosity of the three major entitlement programs and the sizes of the eligible populations have increased. In 2005, these three programs accounted for 8.0% of GDP and made up just over 40% of the federal budget and that does not include the substantial contribution to Medicaid made by the states.
This tripling since 1962 of the GDP share of the three major entitlement programs is mirrored by the decline in defense spending over the same period. In 1962, even before the bulk of the buildup for the Vietnam War, U.S. defense spending amounted to 9.3% of GDP. Expenditures on defense as a share of national output fell after Vietnam, rose somewhat under President Reagan, but then declined again after the fall of the Berlin wall. Defense spending hit its postwar low of 3.0% of GDP in the fiscal years 1999, 2000, and 2001. Under President Bush, spending on defense was increased following the 9/11 attacks, reaching about 3.9% of GDP in 2005, with additional funds going for homeland security.
All the other spending that the federal government doesfrom highways to education to national parks to interest on the national debttakes a slightly smaller share of GDP today (about 7.9% in 2005) than it has historically (8.8% on average since 1962). Excluding interest payments on the national debt, the comparison is 5.1% of GDP in 2005 for spending outside of defense and major entitlement programs versus an historical average of 5.7% of GDP.
To summarize, then, over the past four decades federal spending has been fairly stable around its long-run average of 20.4% of GDP. However, that overall stability masks an increase in federal spending on three large entitlement programs of about five-and-a-half percent of GDP and a commensurate decline in defense spending.
The revenue or collections side of the federal budget likewise shows overall stability and some interesting underlying trends. Total federal revenues have averaged 18.2% of GDP since 1962, with modest variation around that mean. Comparing average revenues of 18.2% of GDP with the long-run spending average of 20.4% of GDP, we see that in the average year the federal government has run a deficit, inclusive of interest payments on the national debt, of about 2.2% of GDP. Despite those deficits, the ratio of federal debt held by the public to GDP has fallen over the past four decades, from about 44% in 1962 to about 37% in 2004. (For comparison, the current debt-to-GDP ratio is about 57% in the Euro area and about 78% in Japan, according to the OECD.) The U.S. debt-to-GDP ratio has fallen since 1962 despite sustained deficits because strong U.S. economic growth has allowed increases in GDP to outstrip increases in the national debt.
Although federal revenues have been generally stable as a share of national output, as on the spending side, the composition of revenues has changed. Payroll taxes, primarily Social Security contributions, have risen from about 3% of GDP to just over 6% of GDP today, reflecting the need to finance rising benefits outlays. Offsetting that increase were declines in the share of revenues collected as excise taxes and from corporate income taxes (the latter are also highly cyclical). Most of the increase in payroll taxes, as a share of GDP, as well as the offsetting changes in other revenue sources, had occurred by the early 1980s.
The largest single source of federal revenues is the personal income tax. Here, the most important trends of the past four decades relate to the structure of the tax. In particular, over the years, marginal income tax ratesthe tax paid on an extra dollar of incomehave declined substantially. Economists generally agree that low marginal rates improve incentives for work, entrepreneurship, and other productive activities, and thus promote economic growth. Low tax rates also reduce the incentives to do work off the books or to look for economically unproductive ways to shelter income from taxation. At the same time, the tax base has shifted from being primarily a tax on income towards a hybrid income-consumption tax. Because of continuing growth in the economy and in taxable income, other changes and reforms in the tax code, and various forms of bracket creep (the fact that higher prices and incomes tend to push people into higher tax brackets), the long-run decline in marginal rates has not resulted in a corresponding downward trend in personal income tax collections. Indeed, revenues from the income tax have been fairly stable since 1962 at about 8.2% of GDP and about 45% of federal revenues.
To summarize, tax revenues, like federal expenditures, have remained fairly stable as a share of GDP over the past four decades, at about 18.2% of GDP. Payroll taxes have risen with Social Security benefits, offsetting a decline in excise taxes and corporate income tax collections, while personal income tax collections have been relatively stable.
THE CURRENT AND PROSPECTIVE FISCAL SITUATION
With this background, lets return to the current and prospective fiscal situation. In fiscal year 2005, the federal government ran a deficit of just under 2.6% of GDP on spending of 19.8% of GDP and revenues of 17.3% of GDP. This deficit is higher than the long-run average deficit of 2.2% of GDP but a significant reduction relative to the previous year. The improvement in fiscal year 2005 was due largely to a 14.6% increase in federal revenues from the previous year, the product of a rapidly improving economy.
Bringing down federal deficits over the next few years would be a positive and very important step. But even greater challenges lay ahead. I have emphasized the remarkable stability over more than four decades in the share of national output spent by the federal government. However, without major policy changes, there will soon be a major break in the generally stable fiscal situation that the United States has enjoyed for most of the postwar period. The opening shot in this transition will happen just a few years from now, in 2008, when the first baby boomers reach age 62, the age of early retirement for Social Security. As you know, the retirement of the baby boomers, and the ongoing graying of America, will contribute to an increasing ratio of retirees to active workers. But the underlying problem is more than a pig-in-the-python effect resulting from the retirement of a single large cohort it is not a temporary or one-time event. Rather, even as the baby boomers begin to depart from the scene, the combination of lower fertility rates and longer life expectancies will imply a permanent decline in the number of active workers available to support each retiree. That ratio, which was 16 workers per retiree in 1950, and which is currently about 3.3 workers per retiree, will decline more or less permanently to about 2 workers per retiree by the middle of the century. It is no consolation that the demographic ratios will be even more unfavorable in Japan and some European countries.
To put the problem in terms of the share-of-GDP metric I have emphasized today, Social Security benefits payments are projected to rise from 4.2% of GDP in 2005 to 6.0% of GDP forty years from now, in 2045. (This share-of-GDP perspective cuts through a confusing debate surrounding the role of the Social Security Trust Fund: for the government and, more importantly, for society as a whole, the real burden of future Social Security benefits is better represented by the projected ratio of those benefits to GDP than by calculations that involve the state of the Social Security Trust Fund.)
Even more dramatically, Medicare spending is expected to rise from 2.3% of GDP currently to 7.0% of GDP in 2045, while federal spending on Medicaid (that is, excluding state contributions) will expand from 1.5% to 2.6% of national output. Much of the increase in Medicare spending is driven by per-beneficiary costs rising faster than inflation, even controlling for demographic trends.
In sum, the costs to the federal government of the three most important entitlement programs are expected almost to double from 8.0% of GDP today to about 15.6% of GDP in 2045. In 2005, all other spending programs of the federal government, excluding interest payments on the national debt, amounted to 9.0% of GDP. Thus, if the major entitlement programs grow as expected, and other programs remain constant as a share of GDP, in 2045 the federal budget excluding interest on the debt will consume 24.6% of the GDP, compared to 17.0% today, with continuing increases beyond that date. Adding back in interest on the national debt could make the share of GDP absorbed by the federal budget much larger still. Put another way, if total federal spending excluding interest were held constant, the rise in entitlement spending would just about fully crowd out all other federal spending.
An alternative metric is the so-called fiscal imbalance, the difference between the present value of promised benefits and the present value of dedicated resources (with an infinite horizon). According to the Trustees of the Social Security and Medicare programs, the fiscal imbalance of Social Security is $11.1 trillion and that of Medicare is $70.5 trillion. For comparison, aggregate household wealth in the United States is currently about $50 trillion.
The implications of these trends are dire. If the major entitlement programs grow as forecast, our children will be forced to choose between massive tax increases, near-elimination of all government programs outside of entitlements (including defense and essential services), or some combination. Of course, considerable uncertainty surrounds any projection forty years in the future; nevertheless, the basic trends and their likely fiscal consequences are difficult to deny.
Because of these rising entitlement obligations, ensuring long-term fiscal stability requires much more than addressing current spending and deficits, important as that is. Also necessary is finding a means of controlling the costs of the major entitlement programs, without compromising their essential functions.
On Social Security, as you know, the President has called on Congress to enact reforms that achieve permanent solvency without changing benefits for people born in 1950 or earlier, that maintain or enhance the progressivity of the system, that do not increase the payroll tax rate, and that allow voluntary personal accounts. Specifically, the President has urged Congress to consider a system of progressive indexing. With progressive indexing, the initial benefits of lower-income workers would continue to rise at the same rate as wages, as under current law, but the initial benefits of the highest-earning workers would be tied instead to increases in prices. This measure would constitute a major step toward permanent solvency, while at the same time increasing progressivity, protecting lower-income workers, and ensuring that all future retirees receive benefits that are at least as great in real terms as those being paid today.
Because payroll taxes are currently sufficient to cover benefits, some temptation exists to leave this problem for a later generation to solve. But the long-term financial deficit of Social Security is growing rapidly (indeed, the annual increase in Social Securitys financial shortfall significantly exceeds the official government deficit), and delay only makes the problem worse.
Medicare and Medicaid present even graver challenges. I take as given Americas commitment to assist seniors, children, the disabled, and the poor in obtaining a decent level of health care. The primacy of this commitment implies that, although every effort must be made to reduce waste and control costs, ultimately the financial problems of Medicare and Medicaid cannot be solved by denying beneficiaries an adequate level of coverage or by making such deep cuts in provider payments that most doctors and hospitals decline to participate in the programs. Instead, controlling the costs of the government-financed programs will require that we address the costs of health care more broadly, including in the private market. Indeed, federal tax expenditures on private health care (primarily through the exclusion of employer-provided insurance) total more than $150 billion per year (more than 10 percent of federal income tax revenue!).
There is ample evidence that these resources are not being allocated efficiently. On the public side, we see dramatic variation in the spending on Medicare beneficiaries in different parts of the country (even controlling for demographic characteristics), without commensurate differences in health outcomes or even in beneficiary satisfaction. We see duplicated tests and questionable use of expensive procedures with limited potential health benefits, while at the same time we see underuse of cost-effective procedures generally accepted as best practices. On the private side, we see dramatic increases in health insurance premiums (with employer health insurance premiums having grown more than 60% in the last 5 years, at the same time that there has been little increase in real wages) accompanied by the same overuse of tests and procedures.
There are a number of ways in which health care spending both public and private could be made more effective. These potential changes would not only improve the federal fiscal situation (as well as that of the states), but would also create a more cost-effective health-care system which would have broad social and economic benefits, over and above the positive effects on government budgets. The most important aspect to all of these changes is to generate incentives for consumption of high-value care. Under our current financing structure, most consumers of health care need never evaluate whether the benefits of that care are greater than the costs. While this may make sense for the catastrophic expenditures against which almost everyone would want to insure, such insulation from real costs in decisions about routine care drive up health care expenditures both for private consumers and for public programs.
One of the main reasons that private health care consumers do not adequately evaluate the costs and benefits of the health care that they consume is the bias towards employer provided health insurance built into the tax code. The tax code subsidizes employer provided health insurance not only relative to other forms of compensation, but also relative to individually-purchased insurance and relative to directly-purchased health care. This leads to first-dollar insurance coverage of routine, predictable expenditures, rather than paying for those expenditures out of pocket and using insurance for unexpected and catastrophic expenditures. Research has found that after switching to higher deductible policies, people use substantially less health care, with little ill impact on health, by becoming more careful consumers of their own health care.
The Presidents Tax Reform Panel has come up with an interesting recommendation to cap the employer exclusion of health insurance premiums. This cap would increase Treasury revenues (which could be used to correct other inefficiencies in the tax system while maintaining budget neutrality), but would perhaps more importantly limit the bias in the tax code towards overly-generous employer health insurance relative to other forms of compensation. This same tax preference would be extended to non-group insurance purchases, which would help reduce job lock and enhance the market for portable insurance policies. Another possibility would be going one step further and extending the same (capped) preference to other forms of health care spending (such as out-of-pocket expenditures for people with catastrophic insurance coverage), which would reduce the bias towards insurance coverage of routine expenditures.
In the long run this could make health care consumption more efficient in ways that would benefit both public and private consumers. Increased sensitivity to the cost of care would ensure that health resources were allocated to uses with higher value. Furthermore, this consumer-driven health care is likely to increase the competitiveness of health care markets, lowering prices and improving quality. Both Medicare and Medicaid recipients (and federal and state budgets) could benefit from these improvements. Those currently uninsured would gain access to better-functioning insurance markets (especially if insurance premiums were subsidized for those with low-income), which would not only improve their health but would cut back on federal, state, and private spending on uncompensated care. Employees could see more of their compensation in the form of wages, rather than health insurance, and overall performance of the economy could be improved by more efficient allocation of resources.
One pathway to this improved efficiency is through expansions of Health Savings Accounts, or HSAs. HSAs were created as part of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003. HSAs allow individuals or families to pay for health care with before-tax funds, as long as their health insurance policy includes a sufficiently high deductible ($1,000 for an individual, $2,000 for a family) and catastrophic coverage (a limit on out-of-pocket expenditures). HSAs, which are increasing rapidly in popularity, have many advantages: the funds in an HSA may be rolled over indefinitely, the account is portable between employers, and the greater affordability of high-deductible policies make it easier for small businesses to offer coverage as well as strengthen the non-employer market for insurance.
One option is further expansions of HSAs, which would allow even more people to take advantage of this opportunity, such as adding more flexibility in the catastrophic plans that meet HSA requirements, allowing individuals to use HSA funds for health insurance premiums, and increasing the limits on HSA contributions to cover the full health expenditure risk to which individuals are exposed. These expansions should be accompanied by other measures to improve the quality of information available to patients and the removal of barriers to competition in the health care industry.
America faces daunting fiscal challenges, both in the near term and the long term. In the near term, we face the difficult task of controlling government spending and reducing deficits even as we must find the necessary resources to help victims and to rebuild after the hurricanes, to fight the global war on terror, and to meet our commitments to seniors and to the less advantaged. Economists have long pointed out that a dollar of government spending may cost society a dollar-fifty or more, with the extra fifty cents representing excess burdenthe output that is lost because higher taxes impair incentives and distort economic decisions. In evaluating existing or proposed government programs, therefore, we should set a tough standard that requires program benefits to be substantial relative to program costs.
In the long term, we must confront the fact that entitlement programs, unless reformed, will take an ever-increasing share of the government budget and of national output. Absent reform, the projected increases in these programs would imply economy-killing tax increases, drastic reductions in non-entitlement spending, or both. The demographic and economic forces that underlie the trends in entitlement spending are powerful, and these issues will take years of concerted attention to address adequately. The time to begin is now. | <urn:uuid:2addb805-9f27-49ee-b109-a45513a1efdc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/cea/cea-fc-20051201.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00556-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961358 | 4,453 | 2.65625 | 3 |
This Day in Navy History
1776 - Revolutionaries fight the Battle of Valcour Island on Lake Champlain, N.Y. Although defeated, the American flotilla delayed the British advance and caused it to fall back into winter quarters.
1824 - Marquis de Lafayette visits the Washington Navy Yard during his yearlong tour of America. He returned to the yard October 12, to continue his visit.
1942 - Battle of Cape Esperance begins. In the two-day battle, an American task force stops a Japanese attack on Guadalcanal and sinking two Japanese ships in the process, while losing USS Duncan (DD 485).
1945 - Typhoon hits Okinawa, Japan, damaging many Navy ships.
1950 - Task Force 77 aircraft destroy North Korean vessels off Songjin, Wonsan and north of Hungham.
1963 - Navy medical team from Norfolk, Va., begins massive inoculation program to safeguard against outbreak of typhoid in the wake of Hurricane Flora.
1967 - Operation Coronado VI began in Rung Sat Zone.
1968 - Apollo 7, the first U.S. three-man space mission is launched, commanded by Cmdr. Walter Schirra Jr. The mission lasted 10 days, 20 hours. Recovery was by USS Essex (CVS 9).
1914 - USS Jupiter (AC-3) is first Navy ship to complete transit of Panama Canal.
1944 - Aircraft from Carrier Task Force 38 attack Formosa.
1957 - RADM Dufek arrives at McMurdo Sound, Antarctica to command Operation Deep Freeze III during the International Geophysical Year of 1957-58.
1961 - Five men cholera treatment demonstration team from Naval Medican Research Unit, Taipei leaves to assist setting up of facilities to treat an epidemic in Manila.
1965 - End of Project Sealab II where teams of naval divers and scientists spent 15 days in Sealab moored 205 feet below surface near La Jolla, California.
1965 - First group of men commissioned into Navy Nurse Corps report for one month indoctrination to Naval Service; LTJG Jerry McClelland, ENS Charles Franklin, ENS Israel Miller, ENS Richard Gierman and ENS George Silver.
1980 - USS Guadalcanal and other ships of Amphibious Forces, Sixth Fleet begin assistance to earthquake victims in Al Asnam, Algeria.
2000 - Terrorists in a boat make suicide attack on USS Cole (DDG-67) while the ship refuels in the port of Aden, Yemen. Seventeen Sailors are killed.
For more information on naval history, visit the Naval Historical Center Web site at www.history.navy.mil | <urn:uuid:98b12f9c-623b-4ecc-a9a6-bbe223e3a063> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.marinelink.com/news/history-navy-this340865.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00162-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.8798 | 557 | 2.921875 | 3 |
The design of the underground electrification network of PAHS has been approved by Lahore Electric Supply Company (LESCO) that will cater to the ultimate load demand of 21821.32-kW. The formal approval letter containing the details of the design will be issued soon. PAHS has deposited all the relevant funds to LESCO including RS. 6,459,677 for the design vetting, RS. 6, 45,677 for the inspection of the grid station and RS. 26,894,777 as the grid sharing cost.
PAHS is gradually moving towards the delivery of promises that we made to our customers. 32 galvanized electric poles have been installed on the 150’ Main Boulevard of PAHS along with 150 watts of Light Emitting Diode (LED) lights. Furthermore, the procedure to install LED lights on 36 electric poles is underway. PAHS used single arm aluminum power line poles that are 36 feet above from the ground (approximately 11 meters). The weight of a power pole is around 40 kilograms as aluminum is a lightweight metal. In Block B and C, the foundations of 80 street light poles have been laid down on the 100’ road. We used Aluminum Street lights, as aluminum is a great conductor of electricity. The lifespan of aluminum electric poles is 50 years.
Electricity and streetlight designs of PAHS are prepared by an electrical engineer registered with Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC). The designs are approved by Lahore Electric Supply Company Ltd. (LESCO). It is heartening to see that PAHS is maintaining its momentum and moving towards a greater significance as we continue to hit developmental benchmarks. PAHS has become one of the most secure and profitable choices for real estate investment in Lahore. Our mission is to provide an ambience of modern, secure and comfortable living for the members of PAHS. | <urn:uuid:22ac947a-659c-44be-bd2e-58bf41e804bf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://parkavenue.com.pk/installation-of-electric-poles-in-pahs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.946295 | 373 | 1.585938 | 2 |
At the close of the 20th century, we are adding 90 million people a year to the world’s burden, forcing many scientific observers to conclude that we’re on a collision course with the Earth’s natural limits.
Those limits have been a moving target, with great debate over which of our vital natural resources is becoming most seriously stressed. But now some clear patterns are emerging, and it looks as though our ability to expand food production fast enough to keep up with growing population numbers will be one of the earlier constraints to emerge. The first red flag was oceanic fisheries, nearly all of which are being pushed to the limit and beyond by human demand (see E‘s January/February cover story, “Contents Under Pressure”). Water scarcity is now also a factor in holding back growth in food production on every continent. And around the world, growth in food production is slowing as available crop varieties are unable to increase yields by our simply adding more fertilizer.
A Billion Chinese
Population and food scarcity issues come together in contemporary China. As Chinese leaders analyzed population, land, and water trends some 20 years ago, they realized that they had to choose between the reproductive rights of the current generation and the survival rights of the next generation. What separates the government in Beijing from those in many other countries is that it is desperately trying to protect the options of the next generation, politically difficult though that may be.
In 1982, China’s population reached one billion, making it the first member of an exclusive club. By 2017, its population is projected to reach 1.5 billion—equal to the world’s entire population in 1900. China’s population is expected to peak at 1.66 billion in 2045, after which it should start to decline slowly.
Looked at in terms of the last four decades and the next four, the sheer size of China’s population growth becomes clear. From 1950 to 1990, China added 571 million people. From 1990 to 2030, it is projected to add 490 million more—an impressive slowing of population growth, but still an increase of nearly a half-billion people.
Against this backdrop, China will need to import massive quantities of grain—quantities so large that they could trigger unprecedented rises in world food prices. If they do, everyone will feel the effect, whether at supermarket checkout counters or in village markets. Price increases, already under way for seafood, will spread to rice, where production is limited by the scarcity of water as well as land, and then to wheat and other food staples. The economic effects will be felt around the world.
Is China to Blame?
Should the world’s most populous country be blamed for the effect its growing demands will have on food prices? Unfortunately, China is only one of scores of countries that have reached the carrying capacity of their land and water resources, thus requiring an ever-greater reliance on imported food. China just happens to be the largest of them and, by an accident of history, the one with the potential to tip the world balance from surplus to scarcity.
Analysts have long recognized that the demand for food in China would climb dramatically as industrialization accelerated and incomes rose. They have also assumed that rapid growth in food production in China would continue indefinitely. But in densely populated countries, rapid industrialization inevitably leads to a heavy loss of cropland, which can wipe out any rises in land productivity.
There are three immediate precedents—Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. Their common experience gives a sense of what to expect in China. For instance, the conversion of grainland to other uses, combined with other factors over the last few decades, has cost Japan 52 percent of its grain harvested area, South Korea 46 percent and Taiwan 42 percent. In Japan, grain production has fallen 32 percent from its peak in 1960. For both South Korea and Taiwan, grain output has dropped 24 percent since 1977, the year when, by coincidence, industrial production peaked in both countries. If China’s rapid industrialization continues, it can expect a similar decline. While production was falling, rising affluence was driving up the overall demand for grain. As a result, by 1994, the three countries were collectively importing 71 percent of their grain.
Exactly the same forces are at work in China, which is industrializing at a breakneck pace. Its 1990 area of grainland per person of 0.08 hectares is the same as that of Japan in 1950, making China one of the world’s most densely populated countries in agronomic terms. If China is to avoid the decline in production that occurred in Japan, it must either be more effective in protecting its cropland (which will not be easy, given Japan’s outstanding record) or it must raise grain yield per hectare faster during the next few decades than Japan has in the last few—an equally daunting task, considering the Japanese performance and the fact that China’s current yields are already quite high by international standards.
Building the thousands of factories, warehouses, and access roads that go hand-in-hand with industrialization means sacrificing cropland. The modernization of transportation also takes land. Cars and trucks—sales of 1.3 million a year are projected in China by the decade’s end—will claim a vast area of cropland for roads and parking lots. The combination of continually expanding population and a shrinking cropland base will further reduce the already small growing area.
At issue is how much cropland will be lost and how fast. Rapid industrialization is already taking a toll, as grain area has dropped from 90.8 million hectares in 1990 to an estimated 85.7 million in 1994. This annual drop of 1.26 million hectares, or 1.4 percent—remarkably similar to the loss rates of China’s three smaller neighbors in their industrialization heyday—is likely to endure as long as rapid economic growth continues.
China faces another threat to its food production that its three smaller neighbors did not. Along with the continuing disappearance of farmland, it is also confronted by an extensive diversion of irrigation water to nonfarm uses—an acute concern in a country where half the cropland is irrigated and nearly four fifths of the grain harvest comes from irrigated land. With large areas of north China now experiencing water deficits, existing demand is being met partly by depleting aquifers.
The Wages of Success
That China’s grain production might actually fall comes as a surprise to many. This is not the result of agricultural failure but of industrial success. Indeed, China’s record in agriculture is an exceptional one. Between 1950 and 1994, grain production increased nearly fourfold—a phenomenal achievement. After the agricultural reforms in 1978, output climbed in six years from scarcely 200 million tons to 300 million tons. With this surge, China moved ahead of the U.S. to become the world’s leading grain producer.
Another way of evaluating China’s agricultural record is to compare it with that of India, the world’s second most populous country. Per capita grain production in China, which was already somewhat higher than in India, climbed sharply after agricultural reforms were launched in 1978, opening an impressive margin over its Asian neighbor.
The immediate challenge facing China is not averting starvation, for it has established a wide margin between its current consumption level of 300 kilograms and the subsistence level. Rather, the challenge is to keep prices from going out of control in the face of soaring demand for food driven by unprecedented advances in income.
Because China’s population is so large, even a slow rate of growth means huge absolute increases. Yet these increases are only the beginning of the story. Even as population expands, incomes are rising at an unprecedented rate. Economic growth of 13 percent in 1992 and 1993, of 11 percent in 1994, and of an estimated 10 percent in 1995 add up to a phenomenal 56 percent expansion of the Chinese economy in just four years. Never before have incomes for so many people risen so quickly.
This rapid economic expansion promises to push demand for food up at a record rate. China is entering its expansion stage with a population of 1.2 billion and an economy that is expanding twice as fast as those of Western Europe, North America and Japan after World War II. If its rapid economic growth continues, China could within the next decade overtake the United States as the world’s largest economy.
How Much Food Will China Need?
Past experience has not prepared us well for assessing the scale of China’s future food demand. Multiplying 1.2 billion times anything is a lot. Two more beers per person in China would take the entire Norwegian grain harvest. And if the Chinese were to consume seafood at the same rate as the Japanese do, China would need the annual world fish catch.
As incomes rise, one of the first things that low-income people do is diversify their diets, shifting from a monotonous fare in which a starchy staple, such as rice, supplies 70 percent or more of calories, to one that includes meat, milk and eggs. As consumption of pork, beef, poultry, eggs, milk and other livestock products increases along with income, grain requirements rise rapidly.
The first signs of a growing imbalance between the demand and supply for grain in China became evident in early 1994. In February, grain prices in China’s 35 major cities jumped dramatically. In March, driven by panic buying and hoarding, the rise continued unabated. In response, the government released millions of tons of grain from stocks to check the runaway increase in prices. This calmed food markets, but only temporarily. By October, grain prices were 60 percent higher than a year earlier. More grain reserves were released, and the government banned trading in rice futures on the Shanghai Commodity Exchange. Speculators were driving futures prices upward, leading to panic among urban consumers. The 1994 inflation rate of 24 percent—the worst since modern China was created in 1949—was largely the result of rising food prices.
Resisting the import of grain throughout most of 1994, Beijing let prices rise as much as possible to encourage farmers to stay on the land. In recent years an estimated 120 million people, mostly from the interior provinces, have moved to cities in search of high-paying jobs. This rootless, floating population, roughly the size of Japan’s, wants to be part of the economic revolution. As a potential source of political instability, these migrants are a matter of deep concern in Beijing. The government is trying to maintain a delicate balance, letting the price of grain rise enough to keep farmers on the land but not so much that it creates urban unrest that could lead to political upheaval.
Leaders in Beijing are also trying to deal with massive unemployment and underemployment, with much of the latter masked by villagers eking out a meager existence on tiny plots of marginal land. If China holds together as a country and if its rapid modernization continues, it will almost certainly follow the pattern of Japan, South Korea and Taiwan, importing more and more grain. Its import needs may soon far exceed the exportable supply of grain at recent prices, converting the world grain economy from a buyer’s market to a seller’s market. Instead of exporters competing for markets that never seem large enough (which has been the case for most of the last half-century), importers will be fighting for supplies of grain that never seem adequate.
In an integrated world economy, China’s rising food prices will become the world’s rising food prices. China’s land scarcity will become everyone’s land scarcity. And water scarcity in China will affect the entire world.
Protecting Food Security
The loss of food security promises to become the defining focus of the global environmental threat. For the first time, an environmental event—the collision of expanding human demand with some of the earth’s natural limits—will have an economic impact that affects the entire world. Rising food prices will touch all of us one way or another.
As the world contemplates the prospect of scarcity, it must also face the issue of distribution. As long as the pie was expanding more rapidly than population was growing, political leaders could always urge the poor to be patient because eventually their share would also rise. If the food supply is not expanding at all, as with seafood, or much more slowly than population, as with grain, the question of how the pie is divided becomes a much more immediate political issue.
One way of distributing scarce resources is to let the market do its job. Indeed, given the economic reforms in the former Soviet Union and China, reliance on the market to distribute food is now nearly worldwide. Whenever demand outruns supply, the price rises, reducing demand while encouraging additional supply. From a purely economic standpoint, the market does a good job of balancing demand and supply and distributing food. But from a social point of view, rising prices of food can quickly become life-threatening for the world’s poorest. For the Third World’s rural landless and its shantytown residents who already may spend 70 percent of their income on food, even a modest rise in food prices can threaten survival. China’s prospective emergence as a massive importer of food may well force the world to address this long-ignored issue of distribution.
If grain prices rise in the years ahead, as now seems likely, they could create an unprecedented degree of insecurity. No economic indicator is more politically sensitive than this one. At the international level, climbing food prices could lead to potentially unmanageable inflation, abrupt shifts in currency exchange rates, and widespread political instability. This, in turn, could jeopardize the security of investments in food-importing countries such as China, Egypt, and Mexico.
In addition to raising food prices, the failure to arrest the deterioration of our basic life-support systems could bring economic growth to a halt, dropping incomes and food purchasing power throughout the world. It could lead to political unrest and a swelling flow of hungry migrants across national borders. Rising food prices and the associated economic and political disruptions within China could bring that nation’s economic miracle to a premature end.
The European Union, consisting of some 15 countries and containing 360 million people, provides a model for the rest of the world of an environmentally sustainable food/population balance. Europe is the first region to reach zero population growth. At the same time, movement up the food chain has also come to a halt as diets have become saturated with livestock products. The result is that Europe’s grain consumption, which has not increased for close to a decade, has stabilized—and at a level that is within the region’s carrying capacity. Indeed, there is a potential for a small but sustainable export surplus of grain for the indefinite future.
North America is the other region where grain consumption is currently below sustainable production. But the exportable surplus from these two regions will be less and less adequate to meet projected import needs elsewhere in the world. If countries cannot boost consumption per person from their indigenous resources, they may not be able to do so at all, given the likely competition for importable supplies.
In the new era, by far the most urgent need is to stabilize world population as soon as possible. Some countries may discover that the goals of the World Population Plan of Action adopted in Cairo in September 1994 are not sufficiently ambitious for them—that if they are to raise consumption levels, they may have to stabilize population size even sooner than envisaged in the plan.
Closely paralleling the need to stabilize world population as soon as possible is the need to protect the resource base on which agriculture depends: soils, aquifers, and the climate system. In some agricultural regions, the thin layer of topsoil that accumulated over long period of geological time is being gradually lost through erosion, undermining the inherent productivity of the land. In a world where the demand for food is beginning to press against the limits of supply, every ton of topsoil lost diminishes the food supply of the next generation.
The depletion of aquifers by overpumping is a much more contemporary phenomenon than soil erosion, since it depends on quantities of energy for pumping that are available only in the modern era. Aquifer depletion is as undesirable and costly over the long term as it is widespread. Now common in the world’s major food-producing regions, it is leading to falling water tables, higher pumping costs, and a misleading sense of food security, since a sizable fraction of today’s harvest is based on the unsustainable use of water.
There is also a need to protect cropland from nonfarm uses. As noted for China, one of the principal threats to the world’s cropland is the trend toward automobile-centered transportation systems: Not only does the evolution of an auto-centered transport system lead to the extensive paving of cropland, it also facilitates land-consuming urban sprawl.
World stocks of grain are at their lowest level in 20 years, and with the prospect of spreading food scarcity, an inventory is needed of the various reserves that can be tapped to alleviate scarcity. The most easily tapped reserve is surplus farm commodity cropland in the United States and Europe. If this land were returned to production, it could boost the world grain harvest by two percent, enough to cover the additional demand of world population growth for perhaps 15 months.
Another source of land to produce food is the fields used to grow nonfood products, such as tobacco. If the five million hectares of cropland with tobacco growing on it were switched to grain, assuming the average world yield of 2.4 tons per hectare, it would provide enough grain to support the growth in world population growth for nearly six months.
Almost as large a potential source of food is the 1.4 million hectares of highly productive U.S. cornland (eight tons per hectare) now earmarked to produce a billion gallons of the automotive fuel ethanol annually. Making the grain available for human consumption could cover four months of world population growth.
The area planted to cotton could also be reduced. If consumers could be persuaded to replace half of the cotton clothing they buy with clothes made from synthetic fibers, some nine million hectares of land would be freed up, providing enough grain for 11 months of world population growth. China, the world’s leading cotton consumer, is already investing heavily in the manufacture of synthetic fibers on a scale that could eventually lower demand for cotton.
By far the largest food reserve is the 37 percent of the world grain harvest, some 630 million tons in 1994, that is used to produce livestock and poultry products for human consumption. This includes meat of various kinds, milk and milk products (butter, cheese, yogurt, and ice cream), eggs, and fish from aquaculture.
To some degree, market forces will tap this reserve as rising grain prices push up prices of livestock products, reducing their consumption. Unfortunately, the price level at which a substantial reduction occurs is so high that it could force food consumption among millions of the world’s poor below the survival level. Rationing the consumption of livestock products in the more affluent societies would free up grain without leading to dramatic price rises.
The same reduction in consumption could be achieved by imposing a tax on livestock products similar to those that governments now put on alcoholic beverages and cigarettes. Such a tax would affect the more affluent not only in industrial countries but in developing ones as well, since China is now the world’s largest consumer of red meat.
Beyond this, an international food reserve is urgently needed—one that would acquire stocks when prices are low in order to release them when they are higher. In a world of food scarcity and soaring prices, the economic instability associated with inadequate reserves could lead to political turmoil and the downfall of governments. In an integrated world economy, political stability is essential to economic progress.
No Time to Waste
Time is not on our side. The world has waited too long to stabilize population. The decline in seafood supply per person and in grain output per person is already under way. This is not something that might happen. It is happening. Unfortunately, these trends are defining characteristics of the new era.
China’s prospective emergence as a massive grain importer is a wake-up call—one that will force us to address issues we have long neglected. If we care about the future, we have no choice but to launch a worldwide effort to stabilize our life-support systems—soils, fisheries, aquifers, and forests—and the climate system.
Leaders are judged by whether or not they respond to the great issues of their time. For our generation, the overriding issue is whether we can reestablish a stable relationship between our numbers and aspirations on the one hand and the Earth’s natural support systems on the other. Unless we act quickly and decisively, neither history nor our children will judge us kindly.
LESTER R. BROWN is the executive director of The Worldwatch Institute in Washington, DC. This article is adapted with permission from his book Who Will Feed China? Wake-Up Call For a Small Planet (Norton). | <urn:uuid:018bdce6-b481-4178-a49d-31098eebcc32> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://emagazine.com/who-will-feed-china/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.957222 | 4,371 | 3.3125 | 3 |
MADDOCKS John married Jessie HYSLOP 1879
Information & Research Journal.
John MADDOCKS (born Glasgow) and Jessie HYSLOP were married in Victoria in 1879.
John's death not located.
Jessie died in Stawell, Victoria, aged 42 years.
Parents named as William HYSLOP and Isabella MCLEON.
Birth place given as Aryshire.
Three children located Victorian records for John and Jessie.
Robert John MADDOCKS.
Born: 1880 Pleasant Creek, Victoria.
Died: 1950 Stawell, Victoria, aged 70 years.
Born: 1881 Pleasant Creek, Victoria.
Died: 1959 Melbourne, Victoria, aged 78 years.
Born: 1882 Stawell, Victoria.
Married: John James DONLON.
Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages Victoria.
on 2010-09-27 20:43:38
TONKIN lives in Victoria, Australia.
Journals are intended to assist new researchers locate family lines in Australia and should only be used as a guide for follow up research and record searches as intended. Due to spelling and informant errors appearing in the records, typo errors and my misreading of the records mistakes must be expected. Errors will be corrected when detected. | <urn:uuid:9a7c6951-6941-46d6-a5f0-940e2150d00e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.familytreecircles.com/john-maddocks-married-jessie-hyslop-1879-24820.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00540-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.888034 | 272 | 1.632813 | 2 |
The TV is a LG 55LW450U
I am currently using the Generic LG RS232 ucase proto template which is controlling the on/off of the tv fine.
I dont know about other functions as not used them.
The following is from the LG manual.
25. 3D(Command: x t) (only 3D models)
►►To change 3D mode for TV.
Data01 00 : 3D On
01 : 3D Off
02 : 3D to 2D
03 : 2D to 3D
Data02 00 : Top and Bottom
01 : Side by Side
02 : Check Board
03 : Frame Sequential
Data03 00 : Right to Left
01 : Left to Right
Data04 3D Effect(3D Depth) : Min : 00 ~ Max : 14
(*transmit by Hexadecimal code)
*If data1 is 00(3D On), data4 has no meaning.
*If data1 is 01(3D off) or 02(3D to 2D), data2, data3 and
data4 have no meaning.
*If data1 is 03(2D to 3D), data2 and data3 have no
- [t][ ][Set ID][ ][Data01][ ][Data02]
[ ][Data03][ ][Data04][Cr]
Ack [t][ ][OK][Data01][Data02][Data03][Data04]
The main function needed is to turn on 3d mode with option of top/bottom or side/side. And obviously also to turn 3d mode off.
So 3 buttons. | <urn:uuid:1d12ba74-fe5a-4e73-8c9c-f2754707887f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://forum.linuxmce.org/index.php?topic=12707.msg90958 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00336-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.728805 | 345 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Is Peeing in Public Green?
Image credit: almbfa2004 on Travel Shots
Peeing in Public Saves Water - But is it Gross?
I seem to be in the habit of sharing my bathroom habits with the world - whether it's the Selective Flush or the Navy Shower. (Perhaps worryingly) people seem to enjoy reading about what I get up to in the privacy of my own home - or at least it usually stirs up a vigorous debate. So here's another one I've been musing about lately - peeing in public is an environmentally responsible thing to do.
OK - so maybe I'm not really talking about peeing in public, but rather peeing outdoors. I mean, the folks that dirty our underpasses and stink out our phone booths are hardly paragons of treehugging virtue. But it seems to me that a discreet pee behind a bush is in many ways more sensible than spoiling perfectly good drinking water and then whisking it away for expensive, energy and water intensive 'treatment'.
So what can we do to remedy the situation? For those of us in the country, the at-home solution is easy enough. I regularly pee in my yard. Not only does this save water - but it has other uses too. A quick sprinkle of the compost heap helps start the decomposition process, and let's not forget that urine is an important source of phosphate. I also pee around the flower beds and chicken coop to keep deer and raccoons away. And if you want to do more, check out how to use urine as a fertilizer.
But what about townies? I actually know plenty of town folk who occasionally use a secluded corner of their yard as a temporary toilet. And I see nothing wrong with using our parks for relief when you are caught short - though you probably want to find some dense undergrowth to spare the social outrage (and any possible legal issues!). And in large crowds, it's probably best to stick to the toilets - eutrophication of waterways is a real problem at major events like music festivals etc.
Back in my home town of Bristol in the UK, and many other cities in Europe, where Friday night revelers are not always the best behaved bunch, they often set up temporary public urinals in the street, saving shopkeepers the unpleasant task of cleaning up after anti-social drunks. (I'll save readers the unpleasant sight - head over to LIFE if you really want to see what temporary urinals look like). But what if those urinals were not just glorified (and wall-less) chemical toilets, but rather a method for collecting a valuable resource that could be distributed to phosphate hungry farms in the region? After all, the New York Times has already identified "yellow as the new green" - arguing for urine separation in all of our toilets.
It looks like Umbra has been exploring some similar philosophical issues over at Grist - pondering whether it's polite to let it mellow when not at home, and putting her support behind peeing in public. It must be OK then... | <urn:uuid:2e3cfe21-4e79-48e7-b759-2da3f0aa386b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.treehugger.com/corporate-responsibility/is-peeing-in-public-green.html?dcitc=weekly_nl | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00550-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957157 | 638 | 1.757813 | 2 |
This articles describes how to work around a problem that may occur when you access the administration interface in Drupal.
When you try to load pages in Drupal's administration interface, they load very slowly.
By default, Drupal automatically checks several URLs on the internet for system updates. However, if there is a non-functioning URL, Drupal waits for the connection to time out. During this waiting period, administration pages load slowly.
To work around this problem, you can disable the Update status module in Drupal 6, or the Update manager module in Drupal 7.
To disable the Update manager module in Drupal 7, follow these steps: | <urn:uuid:9687793b-7693-44f2-a603-88a5432454b5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.a2hosting.com/kb/installable-applications/optimization-and-configuration/drupal2/slow-administration-pages-in-drupal | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00140-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.847376 | 128 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Match fixing and its direct links to illegal betting and organised crime have fast become the scourge of many global sports – even more so arguably than the use of performance enhancing drugs.
The sums of money at stake are simply staggering. Criminal gangs launder more than £80 billion a year from illegal sports betting – and according to the International Centre for Sport Security, 80 percent of gambling in the world is carried out illegally.
Given the number of sporting tournaments running concurrently throughout the year and the huge explosion in online gambling, not to mention the Supreme Court’s announcement they’re lifting the federal ban on sports betting in the US, there’s one key question running through the heads of thought leaders and policy makers. How can investigating authorities and law enforcement agencies keep on top of the problem?
Bets are off
Anomalous betting patterns, detected by sophisticated computer algorithms, are increasingly the first warning sign of potential corruption in sport. Given that the ‘fixing’ may not be focused on the outcome of an entire contest but on a single point, goal or refereeing decision, investigators often find themselves hunting for needles in the proverbial haystack – so they start by looking for the thread.
Simply concentrating on the bigger, high profile tournaments is not really an option either, as a recent corruption report into tennis has highlighted. On 25 April, the Independent Review of Integrity in Tennis (which took 27 months to complete and cost £20 million) concluded that tennis needed to reinvent itself to shut down a ‘tsunami of corruption’ at the lower levels.
The report even identified a ‘match fixing season’ that runs from October until the end of the year. During this period one betting operator quoted in the report said it detected traces of up to two or three fixed matches a day in International Tennis Federation tournaments.
As part of a 33-page list of recommendations, the independent panel lead by Adam Lewis QC, admitted that there was “no single solution or simple panacea. Rather, what is required is a package of improvements across a number of areas.” This includes potentially cancelling data deals with online betting companies that allow gamblers to bet on so-called ‘low-level events’ – a term which accounts for three-quarters of all the tournaments in the professional game.
While the Independent Review Panel has been quick to point out that serious organised crime gangs aren’t at the heart of the corrupt betting practices that have infested the sport, the report illustrates the breadth and depth of the issue in sports.
It highlights the challenge facing sports administrators is the variety of ways in which the criminal threat can manifest itself. We shouldn’t think exclusively of large, well-organised criminal gangs – although they have a role in some corruption in some sports – the criminal element comes in many guises.
Investigators are up against the top level of organised crime groups (OCGs) in trying to weed out corruption in some sports, however. According to the European policing agency Europol, match-fixing in the EU primarily affects football games. However, match-fixers are also targeting tennis, snooker and dart competitions.
In some cases OCGs have attempted to infiltrate sports teams and the support staff that work with them, in order to orchestrate corruption schemes. This trend is borne out by several recent match fixing scandals.
During the last 2017/18 Ashes series in Australia, for example, undercover reporters from The Sun newspaper uncovered a plot to fix the Third Test in Perth. Two bookmakers offered to sell details of rigged periods of play which could be bet on to win millions of pounds. They asked undercover reporters for up to £140,000 for spot-fix information on a specified minimum number of runs scored in a period of overs.
Progress being made
Despite the explosion in match fixing allegations, anti-corruption units – notably in tennis and cricket – have had some success in protecting the integrity of sports that attract a global audience.
For example, 13 players were sanctioned in 2017 after investigations by the Tennis Integrity Unit (TIU). Five were banned over match-fixing claims, while other cases involved low-ranked players betting on tennis. The number of match alerts for suspicious betting patterns also fell last year to 241 (from 292 in 2016). The alerts do not necessarily indicate wrongdoing, but are seen as an indication that corrupt activity may have occurred.
As a consequence, the budget for the TIU (set up in 2008 and funded by the sport’s governing bodies and the four Grand Slams) has been increased, with £2.75m being set aside for 2018.
Meanwhile in cricket, the Indian Premier League (IPL) – the sport’s biggest and most lucrative tournament – has taken strong action following a spot-fixing scandal that broke in 2013.
“The technology used in race fixing and illegal betting was starting to take over where we are”
Two teams (the Chennai Super Kings and Rajasthan Royals) are making their IPL return this year after serving two-year bans for spot-fixing matches.
The Indian cricket board has renewed its tie-up with the International Cricket Council anti-corruption unit for this year’s season and Ajit Singh, a former top police officer, has been called in to head the board’s anti-corruption unit.
So there have been some high profile successes. Nevertheless, investigators are combatting a problem that is complex, sophisticated and constantly evolving. Exposing organised fixing scams can take a long time, and quickly soak up scarce resources.
Two years ago, the head of the British Horseracing Authority in the UK, for example, admitted that the technology used in race fixing and illegal betting was “starting to take over where we are.” Investigators were still looking at phone records and text messages, he said, but those involved in the criminal fixing of races were moving on to undetectable communications such as WhatsApp.
“We were getting bogged down in more complex defences and to see high-profile cases taking three years was not where we wanted to be,” he added. In the two years since that interview, investigations into sports corruption have only become more complex. Increasingly, investigators realise they need to use best-of-breed technology (which can be put in the hands of expert analysts) to detect and disrupt the criminal gangs involved in organised corruption.
The ability to monitor global betting markets is not, in itself, a new capability, but the data-driven reports generated are now so sophisticated that they have an increasingly important role to play.
UEFA’s use of these techniques to detect suspect match fixing in football is a prime example of what can be achieved. Its ban on Albanian side KF Skënderbeu Korçë from European competition for the 2016/17 season followed the use of a betting fraud detection system (BFDS), which analysed more than 50 matches involving Skenderbeu since 2010 – all of which had signs of being manipulated for betting purposes.
The report, according to the Guardian, concludes Skenderbeu ‘has been fixing football matches like nobody has ever done before in the history of the game’, and suggests the club have essentially operated as a vehicle for organised crime.
The investigation has involved players, managers, club presidents, even the former Albanian finance minister Ridvan Bode – illustrating the scope and complexity of these kinds of investigation.
The BFDS flagged suspicious in-game betting activity in multiple games, but flagging suspicious activity and seeing that activity through into a criminal investigation are two different things.
The suspicious activity itself becomes one more data point, another set of evidence, that needs managing and investigating as part of the wider investigation. For that reason, investigators need tools and technology that can handle huge sets of evidence, and order it accordingly.
We’re now in the midst of a technology arms race between increasingly sophisticated criminal gangs and the investigators trying to keep up. Without improved analytical capabilities, investigators cannot hope to keep pace with the resourceful and dynamic organised crime groups that operate in sport. The sheer scale of the problem and the complexity of investigations mean that investigations have to integrate data from multiple intelligence sources.
Investigation teams that rest on their laurels are already losing the battle – and it’s not just money on the line. It’s the integrity of sport itself.
As investigations become more widespread, complex and digital, case management systems and investigations software are the only way to keep up. Find out what Clue can do for you and your team… | <urn:uuid:2ebb2904-a68c-4d46-8ec3-658f18e91a84> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://clue.co.uk/organised-crime-sports-corruption-technology/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.957832 | 1,776 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Pakistan government successfully internationalise the Kashmir issue in the World
*ISLAMABAD - A lawmaker from Prime Minister Imran Khan’s party said that the federal government has been “consistently putting pressure on the international community” over Kashmir dispute.*
“Pakistan needs to highlight the facts and build pressure,” PTI MNA Sadaqat Ali Abbasi said.
Taking a U-turn on his earlier offer to mediate between Pakistan and India to resolve the Kashmir issue, US President Donald Trump said Monday that the two countries can “handle their own dispute”.
“The American media, people and thinks tanks are concerned over the situation in Indian-held Kashmir,” said Mashal Malik, the wife of jailed Kashmiri leader Yasin Malik. She said that the pressure was mounting on President Trump and he was trying to handle the situation.
Abbasi believed that President Trump’s remarks during the meeting with PM Modi will have no impact on the US president’s offer for mediation.
“The meeting was not on Kashmir,” the PTI lawmaker said. “It was just a G7 meeting.”
Abbasi said that India used to consider Kashmir an internal issue but Pakistan has internationalised it. | <urn:uuid:adc7b53e-99d3-430e-ae1a-d40a4ae25850> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://timesofislamabad.com/27-Aug-2019/pakistan-government-successfully-internationalise-the-kashmir-issue-in-the-world | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.969003 | 270 | 1.78125 | 2 |
The first thing to be aware of with Press Release Distribution is that the release be written correctly. The better written it is the more likely it will be placed in print. Editors are more likely to use something that takes little rework than one that has to be rewritten and called on to verify accurate information. So your release should inform the reader who, what, when and where.
Start the very first sentence of the piece with whom the event is about and then in that same sentence what they are doing. For instance you might write: Jane Smith will be showing her art collection Saturday evening at 7 pm. So now you have described the who and what. The next paragraph or two can describe Jane, who she is and why her collection is so valuable so as to be showing it.
The final paragraph is going to finish answering the four questions. It will tell where the event is to be held and when. For example it might say: The Smith show will be at the Garden Inn on June 3rd at 7 pm. Then of course you must give the information on how they can purchase tickets and a number they can call.
Distribution of these is another thing entirely, however since email has come into the picture it does help speed it up. If you send out releases on a regular basis then you should set up a file. It would be good to have one hard copy and one on the computer.
To set the file up, you will need to look up all the papers that are in your local area and get the name of the contact and his or her email address. This may take some phone calls. You can check online as well as in the yellow pages. Find everyone that is local to add to your list. Also you may find that the local television stations have a place for you to add releases to, so do a thorough job of looking for who will accept them online. You may send out 200 and only 10 will use them, so the more you can add to the list the better.
If you can find a way to build a working relationship with any of these editors it might increase your chances of getting your piece in print. Otherwise the best way to get anything in print is to write it well. Be concise; do not add anything extra in these releases. Editors are not looking for writers; they usually have all they need. But most editors will use a release that is written well if they have the space for it.
So once you have built your list, add it to your contact list of your email. Place these names in a group in your contacts so you can bring it up quickly. You do not want to go through your list every time you send one of these out, so group them now while you are putting it all together.
After that it takes persistence. Start the promotion at least a month in advance. See who puts the release in print. Three weeks out send it again to those who did not print it. Watch and wait to see who uses it, then send it out again. Sometimes an editor just does not have room to place it. Online that is not as common as in local newspapers. Eventually you will find who is more likely to print your press release and that you have favor with. Those are the ones to make sure they are kept informed of all your events.
YOU ARE READING
Press Release DistributionAction
PR Wire is an honor winning Best public relations Firm in New York on line press launch distribution answer has actually promoted our solution at a high diploma to make our service famous during New York City. | <urn:uuid:9225fa00-e262-49a3-b1ea-e605e8c0e8a5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wattpad.com/1193240891 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.972407 | 725 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Optimal Management of a Hawaiian Coastal Aquifer with Near-Shore Marine Ecological Interactions
We optimize groundwater management in the presence of marine consequences of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). Concern for marine biota increases the optimal steady-state head level of the aquifer. The model is discussed in general terms for any coastal groundwater resource where SGD has a positive impact on valuable near-shore resources. Our application focuses of the Kona Coast of Hawai’i, where SGD is being actively studied and where both near-shore ecology and groundwater resources are serious socio-political issues. To incorporate the consequences of water extraction on nearshore resources, we impose a safe minimum standard for the quantity of SGD. Efficient pumping rates fluctuate according to various growth requirements on the keystone marine algae and different assumptions regarding recharge rates. Desalination is required under average recharge conditions and a strict minimum standard, and under low recharge conditions regardless of minimum standards of growth.
|Date of creation:||Jun 2010|
|Date of revision:|
|Contact details of provider:|| Postal: 2424 Maile Way, Social Sciences Building 542, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822|
Fax: (808) 956-2889
Web page: http://www.uhero.hawaii.edu
More information through EDIRC
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Jasper M. Dalhuisen & Raymond J. G. M. Florax & JHenri L. F. de Groot & Peter Nijkamp, 2003. "Price and Income Elasticities of Residential Water Demand: A Meta-Analysis," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 79(2), pages 292-308.
- Pongkijvorasin, Sittidaj & Roumasset, James & Duarte, Thomas Kaeo & Burnett, Kimberly, 2010.
"Renewable resource management with stock externalities: Coastal aquifers and submarine groundwater discharge,"
Resource and Energy Economics,
Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 277-291, August.
- Sittidaj Pongkijvorasin & James Roumasset & Thomas Kaeo Duarte & Kimberly Burnett, 2008. "Renewable Resource Management with Stock Externalities: Coastal Aquifers and Submarine Groundwater Discharge," Working Papers 200808, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Economics.
- Ronald C. Griffin, 2006. "Water Resource Economics: The Analysis of Scarcity, Policies, and Projects," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 026207267x, March.
- Phoebe Koundouri & Christina Christou, 2006.
"Dynamic adaptation to resource scarcity and backstop availability: theory and application to groundwater ,"
Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics,
Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 50(2), pages 227-245, 06.
- Koundouri, Phoebe & Christou, Christina, 2006. "Dynamic adaptation to resource scarcity and backstop availability: theory and application to groundwater," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 50(2), June.
- Darrell Krulce & James A. Roumasset & Tom Wilson, 1997. "Optimal Management of a Renewable and Replaceable Resource: The Case of Coastal Groundwater," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 79(4), pages 1218-1228.
- Dennis Collentine, 2006. "Water Resource Economics: The Analysis of Scarcity, Policies and Projects," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Foundation for the European Review of Agricultural Economics, vol. 33(3), pages 437-439, September.
- Tsur, Yacov & Graham-Tomasi, Theodore, 1991. "The buffer value of groundwater with stochastic surface water supplies," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 21(3), pages 201-224, November.
When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:hae:wpaper:2010-08. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: (UHERO)
If references are entirely missing, you can add them using this form. | <urn:uuid:4a57dcc4-65d9-4f3b-9c55-9a399b7f533c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://ideas.repec.org/p/hae/wpaper/2010-08.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00173-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.767805 | 965 | 1.671875 | 2 |
National Federation of the Blind Names Adrienne Shoemaker 2019 Distinguished Educator of Blind Students
Las Vegas, Nevada (July 9, 2019): The National Federation of the Blind has presented its annual Distinguished Educator of Blind Students Award to Adrienne Shoemaker of Concord, New Hampshire. Ms. Shoemaker, a teacher of blind students for ten years, is currently the only teacher of blind and low-vision students in the Concord public school system. In addition to her teaching of blind students, Ms. Shoemaker helped to develop a training course for teachers of blind and low-vision students at Granite State College and has taught the Braille courses that are part of the curriculum. She has also worked as the New Hampshire State Liaison between the New Hampshire Department of Education and the University of Massachusetts Northeast Regional Center for Vision Education, helping to recruit candidates to become teachers of blind students. Ms. Shoemaker received her master’s in special education from the University of Massachusetts, Boston in 2010 and her orientation and mobility certification in 2018. In 2014, she was one of ten teachers chosen to participate in the Stem2U program conducted by the National Federation of the Blind.
“Ms. Shoemaker’s colleagues and the parents of her students testify that she has high expectations for her students and is dedicated to helping them transform their dreams into reality,” said Mark Riccobono, President of the National Federation of the Blind. “She is an effective advocate for Braille and is helping to train future teachers of blind students. These qualities, and her willingness to go above and beyond the call of duty in all respects, make her an ideal recipient of our Distinguished Educator of Blind Students award.”
The Distinguished Educator of Blind Students award carries with it a $1,000 cash prize and a trip to the National Federation of the Blind National Convention in Las Vegas. While at the convention, which is taking place July 7-12, Ms. Shoemaker will address hundreds of parents of blind students and network with other blind individuals and teachers of blind students. | <urn:uuid:b49b9f40-4dee-4ac1-b36c-ad41af662588> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nfb.org/index.php/about-us/press-room/national-federation-blind-names-adrienne-shoemaker-2019-distinguished-educator | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.958781 | 428 | 1.796875 | 2 |
On January 16, 1975, the state of North Carolina obtained Thomas Wolfe’s “Old Kentucky Home” from the city of Asheville. The boardinghouse at 48 Spruce Street was the setting for Wolfe’s first novel, Look Homeward, Angel. He renamed it “Dixieland” and incorporated his own experiences among the boarders into the novel.
The property dates at least to 1883, when Asheville banker Erwin Sluder built a smaller residence on the site. Between 1885 and 1889, Alice Johnston Reynolds, who had purchased the property from Sluder, made a massive addition to Sluder’s original structure and began operating the building as a boardinghouse in 1890. A subsequent owner, Rev. Thomas M. Myers, named it the “Old Kentucky Home” in honor of his home state.
Julia E. Wolfe, Thomas’s mother, bought the house for $6,500 in August 1906, and used it as a source of income to reinvest in real estate. Her husband, W. O. Wolfe, disliked boardinghouses and, although he went for meals and visits, rarely stayed the night. The Wolfes maintained two residences, with all the children except Tom living with their father. As the youngest child, Tom stayed with his mother at the boardinghouse.
Visit: The building is now the Thomas Wolfe Memorial, open to the public as one of 27 state historic sites.
On January 15, 1771, the legislature passed an act to establish Queen’s College in Charlotte. The act stressed the urgent need for educational opportunities in what was at the time the “backcountry.”
However, the school, which was to be established under the auspices of the Presbyterian Church, was in conflict with royal authority and the Church of England.
Gov. William Tryon believed that the school’s charter would show his appreciation to the Presbyterians who aided him in the ongoing conflict with the Regulators. The British government determined that it would not be appropriate for the crown to approve a Scots-Irish institution that could perpetuate anti-royalist views in the colony, and the charter was revoked.
The trustees continued to apply for a charter and operated the school under the name of Queen’s Museum. During the Revolution, school trustees sympathized with the colonial cause and many future leaders, including William R. Davie and Andrew Jackson, were educated there. When independence was declared, the school became known as Liberty Hall Academy. It relocated to Salisbury in 1784.
The institution that we know today as Queens University of Charlotte was founded by Presbyterians in 1857.
The convention was required by an act of Congress which ordered North Carolina to create a new state constitution. The General Assembly decided to hold a referendum in November 1867 to choose delegates to a constitutional convention to be held in early 1868.
Many former Confederate leaders had not yet taken an Oath of Allegiance to the United States and were not eligible to vote or serve. Chosen for the convention were 107 Republicans and 13 Democrats. The members of the first “Black Caucus” were all Republicans.
The participants of the Black Caucus were not legislators, exactly. But they came together at the State Capitol in January 1868 to take part in a very important process— to expand freedom for all.
The members of this first Black Caucus were: James Walker Hood; Parker Robbins; Henry Cherry; Bryant Lee; Wilson Carey; Clinton Pierson; John H. Williamson; Cuffie Mayo; Henry Eppes; W.T.J Hayes; John Hyman; Abraham Galloway and James H. Harris.
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On January 13, 1825, the first issue of the Fayetteville Observer, the state’s oldest newspaper still in print, was published by Edward Jones Hale. The issue announced the visit of the Marquis de Lafayette to the nation’s capital. The newspaper actually dates back to 1816, when it was launched as a four-page weekly paper called the Carolina Observer under different ownership.
Hale was a strong political force and his influential paper had the largest circulation in the state by 1850. When General William T. Sherman entered Fayetteville in 1865, he ordered that the offices of the Observer, one of the principal Confederate newspapers, be burned. Hale had removed his important files prior to the fire, and when contacted about the destruction later, claimed that Sherman and his men “could not have paid him a higher compliment.”
The Fayetteville Observer became a daily paper in 1896. It was operated by the Hale family until 1919. After a few other ownership changes, the paper was purchased by a New York businessman, who formed the Fayetteville Publishing Company. Charles Robert Wilson became the publisher of the paper in its new and modern quarters in 1924.
Other related resources:
On January 12, 1896, three students at Davidson College experimented with x-rays. On January 6, 1896, the Associated Press announced that German physicist Wilhelm Roentgen had discovered a new form of radiation. While experimenting with cathode rays, he discovered that mysterious “x”-rays passed through a variety of objects. He put his hand in front of the rays and saw the silhouette of his bones. At the time, many physics labs had equipment to duplicate the x-ray. Henry Louis Smith, a physics professor and future president at Davidson, was the first professional in North Carolina to work with x-rays.
It was actually a group of Smith’s students who appear to have been the first people in the state to perform x-ray experiments. Three juniors professed to having bribed a janitor to let them into the building housing the physics equipment just six days after Roentgen’s announcement reached America. The students placed objects on photographic paper taking photographs, or what were called roentgenograms, of objects including an eggshell with a button in it, a rubber-covered magnifying glass, a cadaver’s finger, pins, cartridges and paperclips. Years passed before the students’s escapade was made public. The original x-ray images are now housed in the Davidson College Archives.
The experiments are the subject of a highway marker in Mecklenburg County.
On January 11, 1961, noted African-American educator and founder of the Palmer Memorial Institute, Dr. Charlotte Hawkins Brown died. Born in Henderson, Brown moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts, with her family when she was young, and was educated there. In 1901, at age 18, she was persuaded by the American Missionary Association to return to North Carolina to assist in their effort to educate southern blacks.
Brown established the Palmer Memorial Institute in Sedalia, naming it for Alice Freeman Palmer, former president of Wellesley College, who was a friend and benefactor. The school opened in 1902. It first operated out of an old blacksmith shop, but eventually grew to house hundreds of students in more than a dozen buildings. Palmer grew to become known as an elite black preparatory school, hosting students from all over the country and world.
During her tenure at Palmer, Brown actively toured, speaking on behalf of women’s suffrage and racial equality. She devoted her life to the improvement of the African American community’s social standing and was active in the National Council of Negro Women, an organization founded by celebrated educator Mary McLeod Bethune in 1935. Also as president of the North Carolina State Federation of Negro Women’s Clubs, Brown directed African American women’s formal civic experiences for more than twenty years.
Other related resources:
- Charlotte Hawkins Brown State Historic Site
- Events at Charlotte Hawkins Brown State Historic Site
- African Americans and Education and Charlotte Hawkins Brown Museum on NCpedia
- History of African Americans in North Carolina from N.C. Historical Publications
- Resources related to black history from the State Library
On January 10, 1924, popular jazz drummer Max Roach was born in Pasquotank County. Shortly after moving to New York City with his family in 1928, Roach began to study piano with his aunt. He showed an early aptitude for music and played in jazz bands throughout high school.
Roach began filling in for the drummer in Coleman Hawkins’s band in 1943, and, in 1944, he cut his first record with a group that included Dizzy Gillespie. From there he had a career marked by collaboration with the jazz and bebop greats of his day, including Miles Davis, Charles Mingus, Charlie Parker, Thelonious Monk and others. Later in his career, Roach wrote music for the civil rights movement, taught percussion at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst and composed pieces for the theater.
Among Roach’s many accolades are designation as a Jazz Master by the National Endowment for the Arts, receipt of a MacArthur Foundation Genius Grant and membership in the N.C. Music Hall of Fame.
Other related resources: | <urn:uuid:79828c59-cdc3-46c2-a693-a7c88c8ff6c5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://nchistorytoday.wordpress.com/page/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00390-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975281 | 1,859 | 2.78125 | 3 |
|Ms. T. Kirkpatrick
New Library Fine Policy
· All students MUST have their I.D. before they check out a book.
· Students are allowed to check out 3 books at a time.
· The student’s have10 days to return all checked out items.
· After 10 days, all unreturned library materials will start accruing a 10 cent per day fine.
· Patrons cannot check out any more books until their fines are paid. If patrons refuse to pay the fine, their library privileges will be forfeited for the 2013-2014 school year.
· The MAXIMUM FINE FOR A BOOK IS $10.00.
· If a book is lost, the book must be paid for or replaced with a hardback copy.
· Not paying a fine can result in report cards and/or diplomas being held by the school until the fine are cleared up.
Terrie Kirkpatrick, BCHS Librarian
Maintain a good relationship with books and your school’s library!!!
1. Students may use the BCHS library to work on homework, use the computer, or visit Joe Bear. Teachers, please send a maximum of 4 students at a time unless you have previously scheduled classes for a particular day. All students coming to the library MUST bring a pass with them.
2. Students must use their inside voices while in the library.
3. Student must be respectful of others and the librarian while using the library.
BCHS Library Mission Statement
Ms. Terrie L. Kirkpatrick
The Mission of the Bradley Central High School Library is to provide a positive, cheerful, environment where patrons (students and teachers) want to come to read for pleasure or for class requirements.
Every student is treated with respect and dignity.
The BCHS Librarians strive to make the library a place where “YOU WANT TO BE” | <urn:uuid:fb66708b-1b13-4914-aecf-06ce4cd8902d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://bradleycentralhigh.tn.bch.schoolinsites.com/?PageName='Library' | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00462-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.91469 | 399 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Having opened it’s doors back in 1832 by our ancestors James and Thomas Booth, the store and tuition centre Booths Music naturally has some interesting pieces that have been passed down through the generations. Among these include the first instrument of Bolton based string maker William Davy as well as some old violins (originals and copies).
Our oldest violin at Booths is hard to date but we think somewhere between the 17th and 18th century. This is relevant as you can see the neck has been removed and lengthened by approximately one centimetre in response to the raising of pitch that occurred during the nineteenth century.
Early Violins in History
The earliest evidence of the violin in history is from paintings by Italian artist Gaudenzio Ferrari from the 1530s, though Ferrari’s instruments only had three strings. The most famous makers of this period are:
- Micheli family of violin makers: Zanetto Micheli 1490-1560, Peellegrino Micheli 1520- 1607, Giovanni Micheli 1562-1616 Francesco Micheli 1579-1615 and the brother in law Battista Doneda 1529-1610.
- Bertolotti da Salo (Gasparo da Salo) family of Italian violin and double bass players and makers: Francesco 1513-1563 and Agostino 1510-1584 Bertolotti, Gasparo Bertolotti 1540- 1609 called Gasparo da Salo.
- Giovanni Paolo Maggini 1580-1630 pupil of Gasparo da Salo.
- Amati and the Guarneri families.
- Jacob Stainer 1617-1683 of Absam in Tyol
- Antonio Stradivari 1644-1737 of Cromona.
These shown above are of course (unfortunately for us) replicas for the famous Nicola Amati and Giovanni Paolo Maggini. They are nevertheless over 100 years old. | <urn:uuid:104d37ec-956e-4f8c-bdb2-cb0890d3728c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://boothsmusic.co.uk/old-violins-of-interest-at-booths/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571190.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810131127-20220810161127-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.921544 | 412 | 2.5 | 2 |
Objective: To estimate the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance in ovarian tumors.
Study design: A quantitative systematic review was performed. Studies that compared magnetic resonance and paraffin sections within subjects for diagnosis of ovarian tumors were included.
Results: Fifteen primary studies were analyzed, which included 1267 ovarian masses. For borderline or malignant ovarian cancer vs benign ovarian lesions, the pooled likelihood ratio for the occurrence of a positive magnetic resonance result was 6.6 (95% confidence interval, 4.7-9.2) and the posttest probability for borderline or malignant diagnosis was 77% (95% confidence interval, 70-82). Because specificity and likelihood ratio positive were heterogeneous, a random effect model was used and a summary receiver operating characteristic curve was generated. For borderline or malignant ovarian cancer vs benign ovarian lesions, the area under curve was 0.9526.
Conclusion: Magnetic resonance seems to be a useful preoperative test for predicting the diagnosis of pelvic masses.
Copyright © 2011 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:02b0a4f1-7db1-466e-80c2-9438704d1094> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21047612/?dopt=Abstract | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.933917 | 212 | 1.757813 | 2 |
There is a saying in Mexico that when you die you must cross a river and so you should always be kind to your dog because he or she will be there to help you get across. A variation of this myth is that depending upon how you treat your dogs (or other animals) in this life they might help you cross the river or they might not. I have always wondered about this crossing of the river and where the idea comes from. I don’t think it is a reference to crossing the Rio Bravo (Rio Grande) to get to the United States and it would really have surprised me (and a lot of other people) to find out that this river is the same River Styx of ancient Greek mythology or Dante’s river of boiling blood. At last, however, I think I have come across the answer to wherein lies the origin of this Mexican belief.
The story goes way back in time to Pre-Hispanic Mexico. The peoples of long ago had observed that Nature repeats itself uninterruptedly in a cycle of death and rebirth and they thought that the same cycle is experienced by human beings. Eternity, they believed, like life on Earth, is inextricably linked to the destiny assigned to us from our birth. A warrior who died in battle or who was sacrificed on the altar was converted into a “Companion of the Eagle”, a chosen one of Huitzilopochtli, the sun god, and after four years was reincarnated as a beautiful hummingbird or a butterfly. There was a similar dwelling in the realm of the sun god for mothers who died during childbirth. The poor souls who were drowned, struck by lightning, or died from some disease belonged to the realm of the god Tláloc and enjoyed a joyful and tranquil existence in a garden paradise forever. Anyone who had not been accepted by either Huitzilopochtli or Tláloc went to a place called Mictlán, the place of the dead. In order to get to Mictlán the spirits of the dead had to go through a series of hard ordeals so when people died they were given a dog as a companion to help them through their ordeal and this dog was killed and cremated alongside them. The spirits of the dead, both human and dog, had to wander together for four years in a subterranean underworld and cross a river in order to finally reach Mictlán. There in Mictlán they took their place among the dead who had gone before them and where they encountered eternal rest.
I like dogs and I have always been kind to them, even when they bark at me. When I die I am going to need all the help that I can get to make it to Paradise and if I can get a good recommendation from the dogs it may not help but it surely couldn’t hurt. So please give your dog (or your neighbor’s dog) a pat on the head and a doggie treat and tell them that it is from Mexico Bob. You never know. | <urn:uuid:f21ef4df-4db1-4dd6-b85c-b89a2dd2d0a6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://mexicobob.blogspot.com/2007/11/dogs-life.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00501-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.981157 | 623 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Learning Tools | News
New Digital World Atlas Provides Dynamic, Sharable Maps
A sample map from Rand McNally World Atlas
At the International Society for Technology in Education Conference and Expo this week in Atlanta, Rand McNally launched a digital world atlas aimed at the education market. The online service, dubbed Rand McNally World Atlas, provides thousands of dynamic maps with data overlays, cross-curricular content and standards support.
The atlas tools comprise social studies, history and geography content as well as reading programs and writing lesson plans. Teachers can access historical maps, boundaries and demographics on present-day maps; create custom maps; annotate maps; and share maps with students, teachers and other classes. Any map can be printed out either fully populated or in outline form.
Other features include:
- Thematic maps and data layers, including population density, climate, historical boundaries and natural hazards;
- Lesson plans and resources for building presentations;
- World event articles for reading and writing connections;
- Individual student accounts for customizing and saving maps; and
- Access from anywhere with an Internet connection.
World Atlas is aligned with state and Common Core standards and is available via annual subscription.
For more information, visit the Rand McNally site.
About the author: Rhea Kelly is executive editor for Campus Technology. She can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:9aca40d1-bf36-4eb5-837e-b261f02e923d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://thejournal.com/articles/2014/07/01/new-digital-world-atlas-provides-dynamic-sharable-maps.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988722951.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183842-00209-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.881789 | 289 | 2.609375 | 3 |
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