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Hierarchical Relaxation for Shape Analysis,
PRIP78(275-279). Discrete relaxation applied to a multilevel grammar specification of shapes. Apply the relaxation at all levels and eliminate assignments at upper or lower levels when a subpart or superpart is removed.
See also Hierarchical Relaxation for Waveform Parsing. BibRef 7800
Scene Analysis Using Region-Based Constraint Filtering,
PR(17), No. 2, 1984, pp. 189-203.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 8400
Earlier: DARPA82(230-242). BibRef
And: UMD-CS TR-1150, DAAG-53-76C-0138, February 1982. Discrete relaxation (which is important for parallel representations (implementations)) applied to a graph matching problem. Desire to have a complete graph, but this is not practical due to increased cost (especially for hardware implementation), therefore use sparse graph - proximity and very large regions are used. Give initial interpretations, filter on unary constraints (intrinsic properties). Generate all pairs on the graph arcs and filter these (use these to filter the node labels). BibRef
Chien, R., and
Motion Detection and Analysis of Matching Graphs of Intermediate Level Primitives,
PAMI(2), No. 6, November 1980, pp. 495-510. Similar to Harlow, Baker, Underwood, Dudani(
See also Aircraft Identification by Moment Invariants. ), et al. Using features tends to reduce possibilities of matching elements (unique features occur), and generally they can be consistently located. This matching is done at the 2-D level, 3-D is derived later, but the features can be used in the 3-D descriptions process. Lines, vertices, and regions are encoded in a graph structure which is used in the matching. Use highly descriptive unique points to seed the match and have a set of parallel processes at each seed grow out and compete or merge with others - apply standard relaxation (e.g., Waltz:
See also Understanding Line Drawings of Scenes with Shadows. ) filtering to propagate out. The matching method depends very much on the descriptive method for its power. BibRef 8011
Relaxation Labeling: The Principle of 'Least Disturbance',
PRL(1), 1983, pp. 385-391. BibRef 8300
The Least Disturbance Principle amd Weak Constraints,
PRL(1), 1983, pp. 393-399. BibRef 8300
Radig, B.M.[Bernd M.],
Image Sequence Analysis Using Relational Structures,
PR(17), No. 1, 1984, pp. 161-167.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 8400
Hierarchical Symbolic Description and Matching of Time Varying Images,
ICPR82(1007-1010). Generate various descriptions using maximal cliques and match these cliques at the higher levels (cliques to cliques). Use relational structures for matching. Find cliques and use to find similar cliques in other image. Clique: completely connected subset. Group into objects (almost always cliques) and detect similar cliques in the image. A long formal description of relational structures, but little on actual examples and results. BibRef
Matching Symbolic Descriptions for 3D Reconstruction of Simple Moving Objects,
ICPR80(1081-1084). BibRef 8000
Wang, W., and
A Parallel Architecture for Discrete Relaxation Algorithm,
PAMI(9), No. 6, November 1987, pp. 816-831. BibRef 8711
Scene Recognition Using Genetic Algorithms with Semantic Nets,
PRL(11), 1990, pp. 285-293. BibRef 9000
Relaxation Labelling and the Entropy of Neighborhood Information,
PRL(6), 1987, pp. 225-234. BibRef 8700
Improving the Labeling Accuracy by a New Probabilistic Relaxation Labeling,
PRL(3), 1985, pp. 399-402. BibRef 8500
Kirousis, L.M.[Lefteris M.],
Fast parallel constraint satisfaction,
AI(64), No. 1, October 1993, pp. 147-160.
Elsevier DOI Motivated by line labeling systems. BibRef 9310
Semi-supervised geodesic Generative Topographic Mapping,
PRL(31), No. 3, 1 February 2010, pp. 202-209.
Elsevier DOI 1001
Semi-supervised learning; Geodesic distance; Generative Topographic Mapping; Label propagation BibRef
On the Computation of the Geodesic Distance with an Application to Dimensionality Reduction in a Neuro-Oncology Problem,
Springer DOI 1111
Efficient region-aware large graph construction towards scalable multi-label propagation,
PR(44), No. 3, March 2011, pp. 598-606.
Elsevier DOI 1011
Region-aware; Large scale; Multi-label propagation BibRef
Hidden-Concept Driven Multilabel Image Annotation and Label Ranking,
MultMed(14), No. 1, January 2012, pp. 199-210.
IEEE DOI 1201
New label propagation algorithm with pairwise constraints,
PR(106), 2020, pp. 107411.
Elsevier DOI 2006
Cluster analysis, Semi-supervised clustering, Label propagation algorithm, Pairwise constraint, Spectral clustering BibRef
Gimel'farb, G.L.[Georgy L.],
Towards structural analysis of solution spaces for ill-posed discrete 1D optimisation problems,
IEEE DOI 1402
Earlier: A2, A1, A3, A4:
Concurrent propagation for solving ill-posed problems of global discrete optimisation,
WWW Link. 1302
Ip, H.H.S.[Horace H. S.],
Adjacency Matrix Construction Using Sparse Coding for Label Propagation,
Springer DOI 1210
Correlated Label Propagation with Application to Multi-label Learning,
IEEE DOI 0606
3D object recognition by VC-graphs and interactive constraint satisfaction,
IEEE DOI 9909
Chapter on Matching and Recognition Using Volumes, High Level Vision Techniques, Invariants continues in
Discrete Relaxation Theoretical Issues . | <urn:uuid:548efdb2-a264-4f37-81e7-a2097536a6e5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/match567.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.712308 | 1,917 | 1.78125 | 2 |
If size is an issue or you are just making your home feel more like home, it may be time to get out the do-it-yourself book. There are many home improvement options out there. By following the tips given below, you will be on your way to realizing the home of your dreams.
If your roof has any small cracks, you can use some aluminum tape from a three inch wide roll to fix them. Simply apply the tape by removing its backing and placing the sticky side to the surface you desire. It will act as a waterproof surface for cracks.
Using the right tools will make a huge difference while you work on your home improvement task. The correct tools will help make the job easier to do and you will better results. Of course, it also helps to understand exactly how each tool should be used.
Before beginning a home improvement project in your kitchen, fireplace or any part of your house with a gas line, be sure to turn off the gas at the shutoff location before starting. You also need to use extreme caution during the project itself. You could start a fire and hurt yourself if you are not cautious.
Seal cracks and openings that exist around your home, as this keeps bugs out and your warm or cool air in. Apply caulking around windows, baseboards and other places that need it. Once the caulk dries, bugs won’t get in and air won’t leave.
It is important to develop a plan before beginning any home improvement project. Not planning ahead can make decisions more difficult and could cause you to make poor decisions as you are rushed to make them. If you think about things in advance, you will be more successful.
While most people enjoy the traditional feeling of a conventional, wood-burning fireplace, there are better options. Besides any consideration of the looks (and smells) of such a fireplace, you need to know that it is never that efficient. A great deal of the air it heats escapes directly up the chimney. In addition, a fire needs a fresh supply of air to survive and it takes it from inside your home. Your fireplace will use up a good portion of your home’s oxygen.
Remember that your bathroom needs to have plenty of ventilation to function properly. Mold takes over when a bathroom retains its moisture. Bathroom repainting isn’t enough to get rid of mold permanently. The correct answer is to prevent the problem from starting. Install ventilation or a window to dehumidify the room.
If you opt to complete a project without the help of a professional, do yourself a favor by using only high-quality materials and equipment. Although quality tools are more expensive, it normally will save you money over the course of your home improvement project. In general, quality products tend to have a longer life and can better go through wear and tear. Tools, while expensive, won’t have to be replaced often.
Now that you are armed with a few solid tips to guide you, making a sound decision regarding home improvement should seem less daunting. Remember, quality home improvements to your home will not only allow you to have a more desirable space but will also improve the overall value of your home. | <urn:uuid:0db34c00-705e-48ca-9165-064cdbe7b1ca> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kangzenathome.com/read-these-tips-to-get-the-right-tools-and-materials-for-home-improvement/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.949815 | 658 | 1.6875 | 2 |
For nearly a decade, Israeli-born artist Izhar Patkin was mostly absent from the New York art scene. After the deaths of several loved ones in the early aughts, he withdrew from the public eye and began quietly creating work without the constraints of gallery shows looming on the horizon. Patkin returned to the halls of major museums with “The Wandering Veil,” which debuted at the Tel Aviv Museum of Art last year, in partnership with the Open Museum, and opened at the Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art this month. Though spanning more than 30 years of work, the exhibition mostly showcases paintings and sculpture made within the last ten years, largely focusing on love, time, and loss.
The focal point of the survey is undoubtedly “Veiled Threats,” a rotating series of wall-size paintings done on whisper-thin tulle. The collection was inspired by the work of the late Kashmiri-American poet Agha Shahid Ali, with whom Patkin was a close collaborator. Writes Ali in the poem “The Dacca Gauzes”: “Those transparent Dacca Gauzes / known as woven air, running / water, evening dew: / a dead art now, dead over / a hundred years.”
Patkin imbues his own gauzy cloth with a similar emotional weight; each mural in “The Wandering Veil” comprises layers of pleated, painted fabric, the rippling curtains effectively blurring the outlines of buildings and human figures, as if each scene retreats from the viewer through a fog. In The Veil Suite, a ballerina flits against a dreamscape of inky black mountains and railroad tracks stretching into the distance. In Evening, the canals of Venice are cast in soft, fading colors, as the centuries-old edifices and statuary seem to slowly wash away. The works take on the quality of a ghostly reverie, all of them transient moments swiftly slipping by.
The artist further explores this narrative of loss in his “Madonna and Child” series. Painted on aluminum mesh, each portrait presents a seated woman in modern dress holding an empty blanket.
Through September 1, 2014, at the Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art, North Adams, Massachusetts; massmoca.org | <urn:uuid:78e95a2e-6e9b-4d56-914c-a47d1b480c4e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/izhar-patkin-massachusetts-museum-of-contemporary-art | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720000.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00025-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950142 | 473 | 1.679688 | 2 |
His parents paid him to train.
Tyler Heggie isn’t the youngest marathoner int he world, but he’s close. Last month, the nine-year-old boy completed the BMO Nesbitt Burns Prince Edward Island Marathon in Canada, finishing in a very respectable four hours 37 minutes and 18 seconds–good for 182nd place and ahead of 75 adult runners.
Heggie trained with his father, Andrew, throughout most of the summer.
Why did Heggie take on the 26.2-mile race?
“I like the views, running past the water,” he responded.
So is Tyler’s feat, running a marathon at the age of nine, a healthy notion?
According to the American Association of Pediatrics, there are many reports that indicate children taking part in intensive training can incur various problems. However, the site also states that because much of the evidence is anecdotal that it can’t be relied upon for drawing firm conclusions.
Young Tyler received incentives from his parents to train: one dollar per kilometer and Goldfish crackers. “[I got] one per lap,” Tyler said about his favorite snack.
For More: Vancouver Sun | <urn:uuid:6a53ef12-55a5-4f09-98e9-29d072c5dfd7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://running.competitor.com/2011/11/news/nine-year-old-beats-adults-in-canadian-marathon_42076 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00239-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961204 | 253 | 2.125 | 2 |
If you want to build your own AR-15 style rifle, this is the book you need.
The AR-15 Rifle Builder's Manual is the fully illustrated step-by-step guide to building the AR-15 style rifle. No procedure is left out or glossed over. The primary AR-15 groups (upper receiver assembly, lower receiver assembly, and bolt carrier group) are broken down into their component assemblies to provide every detail in the AR-15 assembly process.
This book is not only the authoritative guide to building an AR-15 rifle, it is an invaluable resource for anyone looking to upgrade or modify their existing AR. Key concepts such as headspacing, trigger function, troubleshooting, and cycle of operation are also covered.
- Lower receiver group components, tools, and assembly
- How an AR trigger works
- Headspacing an AR-15
- Bolt carrier group assembly
- Upper receiver group components, tools, and assembly
- Function check procedures • Basic AR-15 operation
- Service and lubrication
You won’t find a more detailed AR-15 assembly manual anywhere. Designed specifically for e-reader platforms, this manual offers reader-friendly navigation between the Table of Contents and all subsections. Take it to your workbench or the range. | <urn:uuid:088978fa-8127-4acd-86bc-4aa71e237b5a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tactx.no/en-de/products/ar-15-rifle-builders-manual | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.902046 | 274 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Which Joe gave his name to ‘sloppy joes’? We look at five interesting sandwiches and their lexical origins.
Any of a number of long slender fishes which typically have a dorsal fin running the length of the body, in particular:See also oarfish
- ‘The easy way to catch big fish in nearshore water off Texas is to drift dead baits, such as menhaden, ribbonfish or mullet, skewered onto large circle hooks.’
- ‘Although live bait is preferred, dead ribbonfish, also called silver eels, will make any mackerel lick his lips, but they're rigged dead for a reason.’
We take a look at several popular, though confusing, punctuation marks.
From Afghanistan to Zimbabwe, discover surprising and intriguing language facts from around the globe.
The definitions of ‘buddy’ and ‘bro’ in the OED have recently been revised. We explore their history and increase in popularity. | <urn:uuid:4c37615a-00a1-4aad-92b3-fe8e289475b0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/ribbonfish | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00015-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958611 | 211 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Take a peek at the whole world online — some 400 million people around the globe — according to The Little Internet Fact Book. The Fact Book, offered by Ipsos-Reid, part of the Ipsos Group market research firm, provides key facts about Internet usage in the U.S. These findings are based on interviews with 740 American adults conducted in May 2001. The results of these interviews provide information on subjects ranging from online commerce to interactive recreation to downloading music. In addition, data was culled from the company's annual “The Face of the Web Study,� conducted in November and December 2000. This study is based on individual surveys with adult Internet users in 35 national markets, with 500 to 1,700 interviews per country. But use the information wisely — according to the study, 57 percent of Americans report receiving spam on a daily basis.
You just learned that a client with whom you're meeting lives in Indian Hill, Ohio. Sounds like a posh suburb, right? But if you want to be sure, log on to Coldwell Banker's Web site and use their Neighborhood Explorer function — found on the site under Concierge, then Neighborhood Info — to do your own due diligence. Turns out the median income in Indian Hill is $149,450! The site can also help homebuyers and other information seekers who're curious about a particular neighborhood. Along with average neighborhood income, the site shares maps, school district ratings, climate patterns and housing unit types.
OK, so you can't locate Finland on a map (it's up there by Sweden and Norway). But it's been a part of the European Union since 1995, so it's time to take note. Statistics Finland helps you keep up-to-date on the latest facts and figures on the country's 5.2 million people and their $783 billion economy. And you can bank on the reliability of the numbers found on the site, which operates under the Finnish Ministry of Finance and produces two-thirds of the country's governmental statistics. While you're on the site, be sure to browse through Finland in Figures, a collection of key statistical data on 25 different topics. And if your Finnish is up to par — or you want to try and wing it — check out the World in Figures package, which contains 28 easily downloadable Excel tables of nation-by-nation data on everything from religion to livestock. | <urn:uuid:07213149-9f95-41a0-b108-dafba91b3537> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://adage.com/article/american-demographics/web-sites-worth-click/43744/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721405.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00313-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937468 | 519 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Play the game that breaks its own rules
What is Cosmic Encounter? One of the best games in the world. The basic principles of playing Cosmic Encounter are rather simple: Each player starts in a home (stellar) system with 5 planets and 20 tokens, representing his fleet of starships, stationed on the planets. The goal is to establish new bases on 5 planets in other players' system. A base is any number of tokens on a single planet. A base is established by winning a challenge. During a challenge, one of your opponent's planets is selected to be attacked. Both the attacker and defender can call on other players (allies) to aid them in their efforts by committing tokens to either side. A challenge card (usually with a numeric value) is selected by the attacker and the defender from their hands and placed face down on the table. A challenge is resolved after revealing challenge cards and adding in the number of tokens to each side. Highest total wins, sending the opposed tokens into the warp. Usually...
Because from here it gets complicated: Each player has a totally unique alien power which lets him break a rule in a particular way to his benefit, something which may change the outcome of an attack totally. For example when the Loser is involved, the lower point total wins the attack, not the higher. Or the Mind reads the card the opponent plays before he has to play his own. Or... There are to many to go into much detail, but suffice it to say, that the Alien Powers are what make each game unique and fun to play..
The players may hold cards (flares and edicts) that also grant temporary or instantaneous powers, totally wreaking any battle plan. In effect, although the game is very clear, the result of any given action may not be. And with any new option, the field get's wider, and the game gets more unpredictable. This unpredictability is what makes the game so exciting! But this does not mean that the lucky player wins. Tactics and planning are essential.
The game Cosmic Encounter has gone through various incarnations since first published in 1977. First, there was the Eon Games version, then the Mayfair version, and now the Hasbro/Avalon Hill version released in association with Future Pasttimes (Eon) has been released.
The game was first published by a small company called Eon Games, and briefly distributed by West End Games and Games Workshop, before mayfair games picked up the license. It consisted of a base set and nine expansions that were published over the years. These versions are long out of print and had some problems with unclear rules.
The Mayfair version of 1991 cleaned up and clarified many rules, and got rid of some of the worst problems of the Eon version, such as the timing conflicts. There were three sets: Cosmic Encounter, More Cosmic Encounter and Simply Cosmic Encounter. CE, the basic set, contained 48 aliens (and their flares), 6 (home system) hexes (with reverse sides for different planets), the warp, tokens, a warp cone, and cards. MCE was an add-on, requiring CE, adding 54 more powers (and flares), Moons, Lucre, Special Destiny Cards, Comets and other fun bits that one could add or leave aside according to one's favorite style of play. It was true plug-and-play. SCE was an entry-level introductory set, containing only enough for four people to be introduced to the game: 8 aliens (Filch, Grief, Laser, Loser, Mind, Sorcerer, Warpish, and Zombie), 4 sets of hexes and tokens (in different colors than the original basic set), the warp, a warp cone and cards.
The current Hasbro/Avalon Hill release is heavy on plastics and game materials, which only enhance the look of the game, but not the gameplay. In fact, it has become somewhat unwieldy and bothersome to play. Additionally, this set only has 20 Alien powers and only supports 4-player games. AFAIK, there where plans for expansions, but those are on hold indefinitely. Recommended only if no other version is available. If there are, get the Mayfair release, pronto!
Cosmic Encounter is an excellent game that allows you to pass many enjoyable hours with your friends. Because of the various Alien Powers, it is never the same game, and remains fresh forever. And then, there are the huge amounts of optional rules, beginning with the variable home systems and not ending with adding moons, etc. If you are interested in the game, get the Mayfair edition. It is the most complete and best designed version. Both the basic set and the expansions are out of print, but you should find them in some back shelf of your local game store. The Eon set is so long out of print that it has collectors value, making it unreasonably expensive.
And as if the official additions were not enough, the internet holds countless inofficial optional rules and variants. It is an amazing game, easily learned and hours upon hours of fun. That should do for a recommendation... | <urn:uuid:ca333ebd-a62c-4751-8b53-03f0c4240f3d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://everything2.com/title/Cosmic+Encounter | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00141-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961458 | 1,050 | 1.640625 | 2 |
A.P. European History
Homework #3, Question 3
Peter the Great was able to keep Russia in competition with other European countries through numerous policies and laws. The overall goal of Peter the Great was to westernize Russia, so it would be able to keep up with its neighboring European countries. The first and probably most important step that he took was moving Russia’s capital from Moscow to Saint Petersburg, in 1917. This moved the capital out of the middle of Russia, and closer to the heartland of Europe. The goal of this was to keep the Russian capital in tune to what was going on in and around Europe. After deciding to move the capital to Saint Petersburg, Peter the Great rebuilt the city with all of the latest European architectural style and flare that was becoming common throughout Europe. Prior to this, it was hard for Russia to keep up with what was happening in Europe, because the capital of Russia was in the middle of its enormous country. Another major way in which Peter the Great advanced his society was by advancing its military forces, and creating a navy. This allowed Russia to have some bargaining power when they became more involved in European interests. To better manage his country, Peter the Great divided Russia into 50 states or provinces, called Gubernias. Controlling each state would be a governor, who was in charge of the civic affairs of his province. Although the governors would hold no major political power, he was suppose to make the people of each province feel united, and strive to work toward a common goal. This however did not work, but is nonetheless a clear example of Peter the Great attempting to advance his country and society. Whether for better of worse, Peter the Great certainly did change and advance Russian society. | <urn:uuid:765b2eac-8c0a-42cf-9e97-97afb1fd890a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.brainia.com/essays/Gh/8172.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00144-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.987918 | 352 | 4.09375 | 4 |
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If thou wouldn't conquer thy weakness thou must not gratify it.
Englishman and Quaker who founded the colony of Pennsylvania (1644-1718)
All William Penn quotes | William Penn Books
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"William Penn Quotes." Quotes.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2017. Web. 23 Jan. 2017. <http://www.quotes.net/quote/56807>.
Thanks for your vote! We truly appreciate your support. | <urn:uuid:5c16f131-6519-4b01-b026-e1d43c09918b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.quotes.net/quote/56807 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00396-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.701455 | 475 | 1.65625 | 2 |
A sure-fire way to cause employee distrust is to give her a raise and then rescind it. In most cases, employers hold the cards when it comes to job offers, employment status and compensation rules. An employer can increase an employee's pay and then take back the increase, but communication can help ease the frustration and soften the blow that an employee's paycheck is going to return to its old rate.
Employment At Will
Most employers embrace the employment-at-will doctrine that says the employer or the employee have the right to end the working relationship at any time, for any reason or for no reason, with or without advance notice. Without an employment agreement or labor union contract that sets out the terms and conditions of employment, employees accept at-will terms when they sign the application form that contains this important disclaimer. Employment-at-will terms also apply to pay, demotions and scheduling.
Salary increases usually occur when the employee's tenure increases or when her performance is such that the employer rewards her with a bump in pay. These aspects of employment and the effect they can have on pay may be valid points an employee raises if the employer decides to take back the salary increase. If it was a merit increase, the employee could argue that her tenure didn't reverse and somehow justify taking back the raise. And if the employer bases a salary increase on a performance appraisal for the preceding 12 months, taking back the raise can't nullify the employee's performance during the past year. Nevertheless, it's well within the employer's rights to take back an increase in pay.
Clear communication can prevent the disruption to the employer-employee relationship that rescinding a pay raise creates. Although there might not be a proactive solution, such as warning an employee ahead of time that the raise could be taken back, it's wise to tell the employee why the company is taking back the raise and when. Avoid having the employee discover for the first time that her raise has been taken back when she looks at her pay stub. Employers who find themselves in this predicament might offer an alternative. Additional time off might compensate for losing the raise or giving the employee the option to telecommute can result in more money in the employee's pocket because she can cut back on commuting costs.
Like most practices and rules, there are exceptions. An employer can't take back an employee's raise if there's an existing employment agreement that sets out compensation and the amounts and terms of salary increases. Also, many labor union contracts contain wage rates and increases to which both the labor union and the employer mutually agreed to during the contract negotiation process. Taking back a union member's increase would be in violation of the collective bargaining agreement. | <urn:uuid:894afda2-93a7-42f7-8f43-274cae204524> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bizfluent.com/13361564/giving-an-employee-a-raise-then-taking-it-back | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.959865 | 556 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Q: Why is it important to say please?
A: Although you may speak English fluently, you may not speak it well enough so don’t be surprised to learn it’s the North American who may be justified in calling you impolite!
A request, however kindly stated without “please” is perceived as unfiltered bossiness. What’s lost in translation is that you’re accustomed to asking for something in your language without having to actually add please because politeness is implicitly encoded in your verb endings. English is simple and efficient, but it’s limited because users originate from somewhere else and lack shared values. So that’s a really good reason to remember to say please (and thank you, but that’s another story) next time you’re at the checkout counter.
Here’s the wordy backstory: “Please” is short for if you please, or rather if it pleases you to do this: French si il vous plait, Spanish por favor Italian: per piacere and literally means “you are under no obligation to do this.” So, if you say, pass the peas (not that you have to) the invisible meaning is we (who speak this non-English language) have a mutually agreed upon social contract of shared meaning which would be impossible not to comply with. So when you ask someone to pass the ketchup, you are actually giving an order, softened by adding please.
It’s just one way the invisible hand of culture drives our behavior in ways you never imagined. | <urn:uuid:1d720839-cf0e-4566-9e54-315644bb812b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://globiana.com/saying-please/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.949217 | 336 | 3 | 3 |
The following outline was used for my talk at the Spiritual Formation Forum in Milwaukee last week. My week was more hectic than I wanted — owing to about five things happening at once, not the least of which was major house repairs, and so was unable to attend the whole forum. Next year I hope to. But, this is my outline. My central thesis, which I outlined in Embracing Grace, is that a theory of spiritual formation is at work in how we present the gospel and that everything flows from that gospel. To change spiritual formation from an individual emphasis to an ecclesial emphasis will mean that we have to broaden our sense of the gospel so that Church is vital to the gospel.
Robust Gospel, Robust Spiritual Formation
North Park University
Spiritual Formation Forum
Introduction: Here I talked about developing “skills” in basketball — like shooting and dribbling. But some skills can’t be learned alone in your driveway — like passing and rebounding and team play. Spiritual formation is too often too much about shooting and dribbling and not enough about about passing and rebounding. (And reading the defense.) So, this talk is dedicated to a one-sided emphasis on the need for a gospel that will lead Christians to realize that spiritual formation is not just about individual spiritual formation but also about ecclesial spiritual formation.
1.0 The Standard Gospel Presentation
God loves you and has a wonderful plan for your life.
Your problem is that you are sinful; God can’t admit sinners into his presence.
Jesus died for you to deal with your “sin-problem.”
If you trust in Christ, you can be admitted into God’s presence.
1. No one in the NT really preaches this gospel.
2. This gospel is about one thing: Humans gaining access to God’s presence.
3. This gospel creates an individualist Christian life.
4. This gospel sets the tone for the entire evangelical movement.
5. This gospel leads to spiritual formation being entirely about “me and God.”
6. The evangelical gospel has created a need for evangelical monasteries.
7. The evangelical gospel turns local church into a volunteer society.
8. The evangelical gospel is rooted in Theism or Deism, but not perichoretic Trinitariaism.
2.0 A Robust Gospel Presentation
1. A Robust gospel can’t be “tractified.”
2. God made you as an Eikon to relate in love to God, to self, to others and to the world.
3. The “fall” cracked the Eikon in all four directions.
4. Bible readers can’t skip from Genesis 3 to Romans 3.
5. Genesis 4—11 reveals the “problem” of sin: the climax is a society of Eikons trying to build their way to God.
6. Genesis 12 begins to restore the Eikon by (1) covenantal commitment and (2) forming the family of faith. THE REST OF THE BIBLE IS ABOUT THIS ELECTED FAMILY OF FAITH.
7. The “problem” is finally resolved in “four atoning moments”: the life of Jesus, the death of Jesus, the resurrection of Jesus, and the gift of the Holy Spirit.
8. The “locus” of resolution is the family of faith: three big words in Bible are Israel, the Kingdom, and the Church.
3.0 Robust Gospel, Robust Spiritual Formation
Individual spiritual disciplines are important; they aren’t the point.
I assume their importance and their disciplined practice.
1. Jesus thinks with the term “kingdom”: society in which God’s will is done.
2. Jesus’ primary category for spiritually formed people is the Jesus Creed: Mark 12:28-32.
1. Paul thinks with the term “church”: the fellowship of the Spirit that realizes through the Spirit the kingdom vision of Jesus.
2. Paul’s primary category for spiritually formed people is “giftedness”: 1 Cor 12—14.
1. John thinks with the term “life” or “fellowship”: the light of God invading a person’s life so that they live in the light of fellowship and love.
2. John’s primary category for spiritually formed people is “love God, love one another”: 1 John.
1. The Church is what God is doing in this world.
2. Spiritual formation is both personal formation and ecclesial formation.
3. The gospel is something that is both proclaimed and performed and what we see is what we are really preaching.
4. Our biggest needs:
A gospel that is robust.
A spiritual formation that flows out of that robust gospel.
A spiritual formation that is shaped by the kingdom/church vision. | <urn:uuid:28f63a10-cf59-4d47-afda-406e47cb94f7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.beliefnet.com/columnists/jesuscreed/2007/06/spiritual-formation-forum-1.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00339-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932202 | 1,052 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Torpedo StationThe Torpedo Station was established on the south bank of the entrance to the North Arm at the time of the Russian scare of the 1880s which caused the construction of two forts at Largs Bay and Glanville and the purchase of the Colonial gunship “Protector”. A proposed third fort at Glenelg was never completed. The Torpedo Station was closed in 1916. This gun was found in the mud on the bank of the river and recovered by the Port Adelaide Council in 1961. It was relocated to the Birkenhead Naval Reserve in 1961 and with the closure of the navy establishment “HMAS Encounter”in 1994 it was removed to the Tracy Street Council Depot. Ownership was transferred to the Port Adelaide Sub-Sectionof the Naval Association of Australia in 1996 and the gun was re-sited to Cruickshanks Corner, Birkenhead. At a meeting of the Naval Association in 2007 the ownership of the gun was transferred to the Port Adelaide Historical Society and in 2012 their volunteers arranged for the removal and installation of the gun to the grounds of the Austbuilt Maritime Museum. Your interests can often be aroused by the displays and objects that are held in Museums around the world, but unlike those big city organisations where the stories are on a “look but don’t touch” basis, the hundreds of small groups like the Austbuilt Museum and the PAHS offer real contact with our past. So come along and visit, tell your story or ask us your questions and you can become an important part of PRESERVING THE PAST FOR THE FUTURE.
This is the latest addition to the Austbuilt Maritime Museum. The six inch naval gun rescued from the site of the North Arm Torpedo Station which was established in 1885. Our volunteers went to considerable trouble to create a reinforced concrete base and organise cranes and transport to position this heavy artefact of the past. | <urn:uuid:1ca15210-7ba0-4c97-a7bc-4062c9636efb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://portadelaide.org/torpedo-station/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.967389 | 399 | 2.40625 | 2 |
The graph shows the burst of new Twitter accounts in 2009, and not so much in 2010. Mashable has a summary article, that includes the graph, of an new Barracuda Labs analysis of Twitter. Here are some key findings:
- 21% are active users, having tweeted in the past 10 days
- 26% have ten or more followers
- 40% following 10 or more users
- 73% tweeted less than ten minutes
In terms of tweets, the report estimates that 34% of Twitter users hadn’t tweeted even once, while a whopping 73% of Twitter’s users tweeted less than 10 times. That means nearly all of the tweets on the social network were coming from about one-fourth of the userbase. Power users dominate. | <urn:uuid:366784c4-eac3-4098-986a-448a28f0d09d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.smartmobs.com/2010/03/12/twitter-pace-and-power-users/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00137-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.90763 | 159 | 1.78125 | 2 |
A saw is known to be a tool used to cut through woods, metals, masonry, and other materials. But what are hand circular saws? A hand circular saw is a handheld work tool with a round blade that rolls in a circular motion to cut through wood, plastic, and other tough materials.
There are several other tools that work similarly to a hand circular saw. We have the table saw, and the miter saw. These saws are used for similar purposes and they all perform excellently.
A common question many who use saws in their vocation ask is- are hand saws better? The truth is would be incorrect to say yes or no. And this is because each of these saws mentioned above has areas of work where they are better than each other. Let’s take a look at these areas and see which of the saws performs best in all regards.
For DIY projects or professional jobs that require the use of saws, mobility can be sometimes important. In this case, a table saw would be hard to move around. Since a table saw is attached to a table, moving it around even within the home or work area can be difficult. A miter may have the saw problem due to the extra attachments on it.
A hand circular saw on the other hand is mobile. It’s easy to transport across places. A professional who works at different sites will find it easier to carry the hand circular around than other types of saws.
Due to the static nature of the blade on the table saw, it’s easy to use, and it can cut more accurately without requiring a lot of skill. For amateurs or individuals with little experience in saw use, a table saw will prove easier to use than a miter or hand circular saw. While a miter may still be quite easy to use due to the attachments on it that gives steadiness, a hand circular saw is different.
Hand circular saws require a skillful user with experience before accuracy can be achieved. So, for amateurs, a hand circular saw may not be the best option when trying to cut through objects accurately. Also, look at the difference between a jigsaw and reciprocating saw
When cutting from different angles, the strength and size of the material will require the use of hand circular saws. With hand circular saws a user can skillfully cut through objects. And when it comes to metals, the blade can be changed to a tougher type to get the job done. While all these are possible using a hand circular saw, a table saw or miter will be difficult to use.
The table saw is the easiest to use, followed by the miter saw, and the last is the hand circular saw. A user will have to carry the hand saw throughout a cutting session. However, both table saw and miter saw have table attachments.
From the assessments above, in terms of mobility and versatility, hand circular saws are better. But in the aspects of accuracy and easiness of use, hand circular saws fall short. So, evaluate your type of work based on these aspects and make a decision. | <urn:uuid:4dcbd1fa-7d46-4dcb-a05c-e241abf76482> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wikimachine.com/are-hand-circular-saws-better/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.949262 | 666 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Sometimes you will need to create large files in Linux or even a file with desired size and content, especially if you are a developer. Such files are especially useful for testing purposes such as testing the upload speed of your internet connection. You might want especially large text files with actual readable characters or you might be okay with binary files. Either way, you want a quick and easy way to create multiple files of varying sizes.
One option is to do a quick search of your file system, and find existing files that are large in size to suit your requirements. You can perform a command line search to find large files based on the file size. Most times, it is just easier and faster to create some files of desired size.
There are several different commands that you should be able to use on your system in order to create large files. We will look at some of them, namely dd, fallocate and mkfile in see the options that are available with each of them.
dd is probably the most popular command that is used to create files of desired size. It is basically a utility that will help you to copy and convert a file, but it has enough command line options so as to be used to generate random files of desired size. The primary purpose of the dd command is mostly to replicate disk images and backup hard disks.
The advantages of using dd is that it is capable of creating files of exact size and that it is generally very fast, only limited by the write speed of your hard disk. The generic command format that can be used is
dd if=inputfile of=outputfile count=inputblocksize bs=blocksize seek=skipblock
The options in the above command provides the following functions
if: the input file to be used. If this is not provided, then the command reads from the stdin. Often a device files such as /dev/urandom or /dev/zero is used to generate files.
of: the output file name. If not specified, then the output is written to the stdout.
count: this is an integer which specifies as to how many input blocks need to be copied
bs: this is an integer that specifies as to how many bytes should be read and written at a time
seek: the number of blocks that needs to be skipped while writing the output. The default block size is 512, but you can change that with obs argument.
Note that using the seek argument and increasing the seek value will typically decrease the execution time of the command, but it will also result in a sparse file.
The total size of the file that is generated is dependent on the values provided to the count and bs arguments. The total size of the generate file in bytes is the product of count and bs. ie, size = count*bs.
If the content of the file is not important then you can create the file with a bunch of null values. You can use the /dev/zero device file as the input which will give you null values repeatedly when read from it.
bash$ dd if=/dev/zero of=output.bin count=1024 bs=1024
The above command will generate a output file named output.bin of size 1MB. (size = 1024 x 1024 = 1048576 bytes which is 1MB)
Sometimes, you need some “useful” content in the file, not just a series of null values. In that case, you can use /dev/urandom as your input. The content may not still be human readable, but you are guaranteed to have non-null characters including some end of line (EOL) characters. That means that you have a file with lines in them and can use the file as input to programs that expect some kind of data.
bash$ dd if=/dev/urandom of=output.bin count=4096 bs=1024
The above command will generate output.bin file that is about 4.2MB in size. (size = 4096 x 1024 = 4194304 bytes)
Another command that can be used to generate large files in Linux is the fallocate command. This command works by pre-allocating space for a file. That means it requires very little to no disk I/O which makes it much faster than the other commands.
This also means that you have not much control over the contents of the file, as the content remains unallocated.
bash$ fallocate -l
filesize: the desired size of the file
filename: the name of the output file
bash$ fallocate -l 1G output.bin
This will create a file called output.bin of 1GB in size.
The mkfile command is another option you have. This may not be available in all distros by default. This command works along the same lines as the fallocate command in the previous section. The file is typically filled with the ‘0’ (zero) characters. In order to create a file of 1G, use the following command…
bash$ mkfile 1G output.bin
Most times the file size is the important factor when the need arises to create a large file. But sometimes, you also want to have control over the content of the file. This is especially true if the file is going to used as an input to test any software utilities.
You can use the tr command found in Linux, along with /dev/urandom to achieve this. This will be much slower than any of the commands described especially for very large files, but gets you the content you need. In order to generate a 2MB file with only english characters and digits, you can use one of the following commands
bash$ tr -dc "A-Za-z0-9" < /dev/urandom | head -c 2048 > output.txt
If you want to include end of line characters, in order to generate lines as well into the file, then you can modify the above as below…
bash$ tr -dc "A-Za-z0-9\n\r" < /dev/urandom | head -c 2048 > output.txt
To generate a file of any size, but with a specific number of lines you can further modify this to use the -n option of the head command…
bash$ tr -dc "A-Za-z0-9\n\r" < /dev/urandom | head -n 100 > output.txt | <urn:uuid:b003bc99-6e13-4055-b18f-cd6c091531df> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.lostsaloon.com/technology/how-to-create-large-files-in-linux/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00268-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.91412 | 1,338 | 3.390625 | 3 |
Is CBD helpful for sleep? Lots of people are still not mindful that this typical natural herb is a potent all-natural remedy for insomnia. There are several benefits of CBD for rest. However prior to you take CBD for rest, be sure to do your homework first.
Some current studies suggest that CBD might assist you rest much better, yet with mixed results. And also although there have actually been some encouraging study on the ability of CBD to assist you fall asleep, researchers state that there are currently no medical trials that actually reveal CBD can do that in all. As a matter of fact, none of the approved CBD products have ever before been accepted by the FDA to treat resting problems. Because the FDA has never accepted CBD for a medicinal usage, it is not surprising that there is a lot of conflicting info on this topic.
Two of one of the most common uses CBD for sleep include treating anxiousness and improving mood or stress and anxiety symptoms. Both these locations of treatment are preferred with clients. As an example, research studies carried out by the College of Geneva in Switzerland report that clients who took an entire CBD capsule prior to going to sleep experienced a decrease in their levels of anxiety after the therapy was offered. Sometimes, the complete quantity of CBD taken minimized the client’s need to have any type of type of prescription rest aid.
Nevertheless, the biggest indicator that CBD is effective for dealing with rest troubles might be the reasonably reduced dosage usually suggested by medical professionals. For the most part, CBD is readily available in oil type, which implies that the user will require to make use of a vaporizer or oil burner in order to breathe in the oil. This is not a trouble for lots of people, as inhalation of CBD is reported by many users as fitting and also also pleasurable. But for those who can not locate an oil burner or various other ways of breathing, CBD can also be taken sublingually, which indicates that a small amount of the medicine is massaged on the top of the tongue before ingestion. Dental consumption of CBD has not been recorded to trigger any kind of negative negative effects for many people.
Along with dealing with sleep conditions like insomnia, CBD is believed to be effective versus some even more severe disorders. The American Medical Association has authorized a few of the even more popular CBD items for treating youngsters with epilepsy, chronic pain, and nausea or vomiting, among other things. While this is not a complete listing of disorders that CBD products might be utilized for, it does display a listing that varies from less major problems to extra major ones. Furthermore, lots of CBD retailers keep in mind that CBD is just one of the many necessary oils made use of in aromatherapy. Cbd Oil Reflux
In a comparable style, CBD is made use of to treat some types of anxiety and also anxiousness. These conditions are usually treated with psychiatric therapy as well as prescription medicines, as well as the relationship in between CBD as well as insomnia is coming to be more obvious as even more attention is paid to just how our rest patterns impact our state of minds. Some researches have actually also shown that CBD is helpful in the treatment of chronic clinical depression, a condition that can last for months at a time. When trying to find therapies for chronic sleeplessness, keep in mind that several of one of the most encouraging supplements combine CBD with several various other all-natural active ingredients that are known for their performance in enhancing sleep and mood.
If you intend to try an item that incorporates CBD with natural, efficient components, there are a couple of web and gummies on the marketplace that have actually shown to be valuable in the therapy of sleeping disorders. Simply looking “CBD for sleeping disorders” will certainly bring up a number of products that are suggested for usage by patients. A lot of these website supply examples to evaluate on your own, as well as they are reasonably valued. You don’t need to buy the entire internet and also gummy bundle to see if it assists your condition, simply purchase a number of these at various times of the week.
Although many individuals declare success with CBD for sleep as well as mood, there’s still no conclusive clinical evidence that the extract does work. Nevertheless, lots of people that have actually tried it do report positive outcomes, even in the short-term. If you do pick to try a CBD supplement or 2, make sure to speak with your healthcare company ahead of time, specifically if you’re taking any kind of medicines or supplements. Your doctor can suggest a risk-free as well as effective dose for you based upon your medical history and also present signs. Cbd Oil Reflux | <urn:uuid:aebd7c92-dae4-4787-a498-3a80957360bb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gutsyhappiness.com/cbd-oil-reflux-best-cbd-for-sleep | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.975252 | 948 | 2.25 | 2 |
Saxon Memorial Foundation
The memorials of the Saxon Memorial Foundation are open to the public again on the basis of the current Saxon Corona Emergency Ordinance. Please note the relevant visiting rules and the partially changed opening hours.
We develop, sponsor and administer sites in the Free State of Saxony evocative of heinous political crimes, of political persecution, of state terror and state-organised murders of historical significance and implications within and beyond the region. We commemorate victims of political tyranny and the resistance against dictatorships. We keep records for the public.
The Saxon Memorial Foundation is composed of:
The Saxon Memorial Foundation is executed by the following institutions:
Board of Trustees
Director (Executive Board)
Academic Advisory Board
>> read more
Saxon Memorial Act (PDF, German, 45 KB)
Sponsorship principles (PDF, German, 263 KB) | <urn:uuid:9829aa04-861d-4924-a5fd-e051963b215c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://en.stsg.de/cms/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.886423 | 204 | 1.578125 | 2 |
You’ve probably heard about casinos – Internet casinos, virtual casinos, or even online casinos – but what is the difference between these two? What are the differences between online and offline casinos, and why are they so popular? Here are some tips to help you decide whether you want to try a casino. If you’ve never played one before, there’s no better time than now. Listed below are a few things to know about online casinos.
Most casinos do not have clocks, which would be a fire hazard. Instead, they use bright, gaudy floor coverings and walls to encourage players and create a cheery atmosphere. Casinos also avoid using dark colors like black and white, since it can make people lose track of time. And while you’re in the casino, don’t drink. It’s highly unlikely you’ll be able to make a sound decision if you’re drunk.
You can’t win all the time at a casino. The odds are stacked against you. While you might be winning one day, you may be losing money on a streak. You can’t predict when you’ll lose, but you can use the knowledge you’ve gained from winning the last time you played. And if you’re lucky enough to make a big win at a casino, you’ll likely hit it again.
What is a Casino? A casino is an indoor amusement park designed to entice people. Most casinos offer gambling as the primary source of entertainment. Some casinos include hotels, restaurants, shopping malls, and entertainment events to entertain patrons. Early versions of a casino were known as villas, summer houses, or pleasure houses. Today, gambling at a casino is a wildly popular pastime that attracts the rich and famous. If you haven’t been to one, you should know that there are casinos that are not all that glamorous. | <urn:uuid:93541f59-e3bd-40e7-b926-90c73dd21b0d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://noxenophobia.org/index.php/2022/07/27/what-you-need-to-know-before-playing-at-a-casino/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572192.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815145459-20220815175459-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.945983 | 400 | 1.554688 | 2 |
According to a recent report, the fees that U.S. shippers face for the delayed return of ocean shipping containers have risen since the start of the pandemic and are the most expensive in the world.
The report by online container marketplace Container xChange shows ocean carriers charge demurrage and detention fees when their containers are not returned in time. Shippers are charged for the delayed return of the containers. The fees are charged per container, per day.
The report shows the highest fees are being charged at five U.S. ports, with the Port of New York facing the highest charges at $3,182 per container. The second- through fourth-most expensive are in California, including Long Beach, Los Angeles and Oakland. The Port of Savannah, Ga., was No. 5.
In May, the average charge levied by carriers on customers two weeks after a box was discharged from the vessel at the Port of Long Beach was $2,730 per container, up from $2,638 in the same month in 2021. Over the same period, the charge at the Port of Los Angeles rose to $2,672, from $2,594 per container.
The charges at the five U.S. ports were over two to three times more expensive than Hong Kong, which was ranked No. 7 globally, and at least 20 times more expensive than Asian container hubs, such as Dalian in China and Busan in Korea.
Globally, the average fees have fallen from the record highs of 2021 but remain 12% higher than pre-pandemic levels. The global average charges levied by carriers on customers two weeks after the cargo was discharged from the vessel rose by 38% for standard-sized containers, from $586 in 2020 to $868 in 2021. So far in 2022, the average charges have declined by 26% to $664.
Recently, Congress approved the Ocean Shipping Reform Act that gives the Federal Maritime Commission more power to act on the charges and shifts the burden of proof on the reasonableness of the fees to the ocean carriers instead of shippers, according to the report.
“Throughout this pandemic, as shipping costs have soared and inflation has become a threat to the U.S. economy, the focus on container line behavior by politicians and regulators has magnified,” said Christian Roeloffs, co-founder of Container xChange. “U.S. agricultural shippers have been particularly outspoken about their inability to find affordable empty containers for exports. But importers have been equally outraged by what many believe has been profiteering on (demurrage and detention) charges by container lines. Some have started legal actions against carriers.”
Roeloffs added that President Joe Biden’s administration addressed the charges in the new law, “and we’re now waiting to see how this will be implemented and whether it will change shipper or carrier behavior significantly.”
According to the Container xChange report, the charges vary by carrier and by region. Cosco has the lowest charges ($322), while Yangming has the highest fees ($718). By region, the United States has the most expensive charges at an average of $2,692. Rounding out the top five most expensive countries or regions are Europe ($549), India ($482), China ($453) and the Middle East ($407).
The report also noted the variations in the number of free days carriers allow before the charges apply.
According to Drewry Shipping Consultants Limited, “when it comes to allowing free time, shipping lines that have less vessel capacity and a smaller equipment fleet are likely to charge more than those who can offer greater economies of scale. Furthermore, lines with better equipment management can also proactively promote end-to-end solutions, such as carrier haulage, which also frees up equipment and reduces cost to end users.”
Recently, Lowell-based carrier J.B. Hunt Transport Services Inc. established a long-term, multi-vessel agreement with carrier Swire Shipping Pte. Ltd. to transport J.B. Hunt’s new intermodal containers and provide customers with cargo transportation from Asia.
“This is yet another example of our people listening to the needs of customers and developing a creative solution to efficiently deliver on their capacity needs,” said John Roberts, president and CEO of J.B. Hunt. “It is our honor to name two of the vessels helping us charter new waters this year after the original visionaries who knew the potential of what our company would be.”
Recently, cargo vessel Johnelle docked at the Port of Everett in Washington with more than 250 new containers for the expansion of J.B. Hunt’s intermodal fleet. A second cargo vessel, the Johnnie Bryan, is expected to dock this month at the Port of Hueneme in California with additional containers.
Johnelle Hunt and her late husband Johnnie Bryan Hunt co-founded J.B. Hunt Transport Services.
Under the agreement with Swire, J.B. Hunt will have ongoing cargo shipping opportunities available from the Shenzhen, Qingdao and Shanghai markets in China to ports in California and the Pacific Northwest. According to a news release, the planned moves will help customers alleviate supply chain issues, such as equipment dislocation and fluidity, dwell time and demurrage by streamlining the ocean transport and transloading process.
“We’re really solving for two very big challenges with this agreement,” said Darren Field, president of intermodal and executive vice president at J.B. Hunt. “First, we’re adding intermodal capacity, which will provide customers with more opportunity to leverage the cost-savings and sustainability benefits that J.B. Hunt intermodal offers. Second, we’re greatly reducing the time it takes for customers’ freight originating overseas to be out for delivery in the U.S., something that has troubled the industry for years.”
According to J.B. Hunt, the vessels are owned and operated by Swire. They will continue to transport J.B. Hunt’s new intermodal containers as they become available. | <urn:uuid:34bdf918-cb30-48a7-8031-cfc0853dacc7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://talkbusiness.net/2022/07/ocean-carriers-charge-u-s-shippers-more-for-delayed-container-returns-report-shows/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.955028 | 1,285 | 1.875 | 2 |
Student Loan Repayment Brackets, one. Sallie Mae doesn’t warranty the estimator accuracy or applicability to somebody’s person circumstances. The approximated regular payment assumes precisely the same payment quantity and glued interest amount with the life of the loan and isn’t going to account for any variable fascination price. The estimate does not account for skipped payments, the usage of deferment or forbearance, or any essential minimum amount regular payment volume for a certain loan.
Student Loan Repayment Brackets
If you think that you’ll be applying one or more of these loan courses to pay for college, it’s a good idea to decide beforehand about what your payments will be after you graduate. A student loan calculator can assist. The dimensions of your monthly payments will differ dependant upon what sorts of monetary assist you will be suitable for and what faculty you show up at.
The entire to repay is the quantity you borrowed in addition the accrued interest while you were in school that capitalizes. This really is the amount your full personal debt might be when you begin repayment, usually 6 months after leaving college.
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A student loan repayment calculator routinely calculates your regular student loan payment based on a few items of information: Your student loan stability, or exactly how much you owe Your interest price, which is typically assigned if you borrow the loan Your loan phrase, or how a few years you’ll be having to pay again your loan When you input Every of those figures, the calculator will demonstrate simply how much you’ll be having to pay in your student loan monthly. How can this student loan calculator enable me? Through the use of this calculator, you’ll find specifically how your loan balance, curiosity rate and repayment time period influence your very long-phrase expenses of borrowing. In order to get out of credit card debt a lot quicker, shorten your loan expression to see the amount of you’d must pay on a monthly basis. On the flip side, you might use this calculator to find out how extending your loan time period would cut back your month-to-month payment.
Outcomes are determined by a typical repayment approach, in which you fork out a fixed amount of principal and curiosity every month to get a established variety of months, determined by your loan time period, and assumes: Student Loan Repayment Brackets.
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It requires time and liable behaviors, but yet another way to create you glance more desirable for a private loan is to build your credit rating before applying.
Their credit score accounts deficiency any modern exercise. The CFPB phone calls this a stale file. If no activity has actually been claimed in six months of a credit score getting calculated, that can have an effect on scoring.
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The merger in between the special-goal acquisition corporation Gores Guggenheim and the electric-vehicle enterprise coming from Volvo is done.
In case you are at an Business or shared community, you’ll be able to talk to the network administrator to operate a scan throughout the community trying to find misconfigured or contaminated units. Student Loan Repayment Brackets. | <urn:uuid:4db7740c-1ac5-493c-b594-51801826271d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.microurls.us/2022/07/student-loan-repayment-brackets-borrow.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.953307 | 1,475 | 1.765625 | 2 |
A type of neural network
that, unlike the Perceptron network
s, Adaline network
s, etc, is flat (single-layer) and interconnected
. This single layer acts as the input and output layer. Of course, this leads to the same number of outputs as inputs. This property, and the fact that an Hopfield net in a discrete
system will always isolate to either a single solution or a cyclic solution (if run interatively
), makes this network fairly useful for image/pattern recognition
Unlike Madaline networks, Hopfield nets have a lyapunov exponent of 0, noting that they do not exhibit chaos. | <urn:uuid:cafd1d14-bd57-4c2c-81e4-172702582f99> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://everything2.com/title/Hopfield | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00020-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.89348 | 134 | 2.5625 | 3 |
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Walking on Sunshine
The first key point covered was primarily that everyone felt participation in collaborating had been very much a positive experience, even described as an ‘antidote’ to working as a solitary artist. It was identified that the continuous changes every month kept work and individuals developing, and also moved it outside of the usual creative experience. Most of us felt that not producing the work with the intention of it being viewed by an audience outside of our circle was a good thing as it freed us up to make mistakes, allowed risk taking and encouraged individuals to step out of their comfort zone. It was also noted that the ‘peer pressure’ or obligation to complete work for each meeting in order to not let each other down helped to not only motivate but also facilitate new ideas. On the flip side, the social tendency towards ‘politeness’ resulted in many people (though not everyone) making choices to avoid potentially upsetting each other (especially when it came to ‘destroying’ work) so it might be that this is an area of risk taking that was under-explored. The reluctance to deconstruct another’s work was an interesting instinct and there was a debate around whether this came from moral or political reservations in relation to the destruction or preservation of art which has often been used as a vehicle for expression in more oppressive situations. | <urn:uuid:bd095d7b-5be5-48c8-a670-c991892e9080> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.glittermouse.co.uk/critblog/may-25th-2013 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00402-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.98395 | 280 | 2.125 | 2 |
- What is NAZ?
- Typical survivalist NAZ
- How to make a pocket NAZ for the city?
- What is included in the tourist NAZ?
- NAZ for car enthusiast
- Reserve for pilots
- Buy or make your own?
Probably every survivalist (a supporter of the theory that any person at any moment may need to fight for his life) has heard about NAZ. However, many ordinary people who do not belong to this subculture also carry NAZ in their pocket, purse or purse without even thinking about it. But still, it would be useful to talk about this in more detail.
What is NAZ?
First, let's decipher the popular abbreviation. NAZ - wearable emergency stock. The term first appeared among pilots. It was they who, in the event of an aircraft breakdown (or damage during hostilities), ended up in wild territory or on land controlled by the enemy. Sometimes the best tactic is to stay near the aircraft. And at other times - move away from him as far as possible. It is for such cases that a wearable emergency supply is provided. On the one hand, it is quite compact. On the other hand, having it at hand, you can often survive even in very hostile circumstances for humans.
But recently the abbreviation NAZ has become popular not only among pilots. You can hear it in the conversations of many survivors, or preppers. Having such a set on hand is a rule of good form for representatives of this subculture, slightly paranoid.
The set can be very different. But it always includes items that you may need at any time and therefore should be on hand.
Typical survivalist NAZ
First, consider the composition of the wearable emergency supply, which is most often found in ordinary survivalists, who spend most of their time in large cities, in a society of people who often do not share their views.
Most newcomers try not to reinvent the wheel - why, if the military and special forces have long ago compiled the optimal survival kit?
Therefore, in such stocks you can often see medicines, water disinfection tablets, a steel or magnifying glass, a life blanket, fishing tackle, chemical light sources, a small snack, and much more. Most often, such a number of items takes up a considerable volume. In order to be able to carry it, many survivalists purchase a small backpack, which they fill to capacity with useful things, without which they try not to leave the house. Very often there are objects decorated in military style.
Alas, most do not know how to use the available items and do not even think about what to use mostall this just won't have to.
How to make a pocket NAZ for the city?
Experienced people are trying to create a wearable emergency supply with their own hands. They do not use standard guidelines, relying on their own habits and common sense.
Wearing a backpack to go to work or on a business trip is not the best solution. Therefore, one of the main requirements for NAZ is that it should be compact and fit into the pockets of a jacket or jeans without being too conspicuous. So what should it include?
First of all, medicines. Those that you use yourself, as well as your loved ones. You can also add the most important ones like validol and a powerful general pain reliever. Even if you yourself do not use validol, there may be a chance to save the life of a person who becomes ill near you. It would also be useful to put a few disposable patches here - no one canceled calluses or small cuts.
You don't have to carry a whole first aid kit. It is better to take 2-4 tablets of each drug. It is unlikely that you will use more drugs at one time. And you can replenish stocks at home or by going to any pharmacy.
Also, documents or their copies should always be at hand. This is an iron rule and is not even discussed. This also includes a certain amount of money - at least about a thousand rubles. Taxi fares, urgent purchases and other small items may incur costs.
The next step is the flashlight. Many smartphones are equipped with an LED flash to light the way, but they usually run out of power at the verywrong time. Therefore, a powerful, light and compact flashlight will be quite useful.
Take a few needles and two or three meters of black and white thread. Also, threads in the color of the clothes you usually wear will be useful.
Finally, the knife. It is not necessary to take a huge cleaver in the style of Rimbaud or Dundee from famous films. A regular folding knife from Opinel, NOKS or Kizlyar is much better. Inexpensive, high-quality and compact, they will fit in any pocket and will not attract unnecessary attention.
As you can see, everything will easily fit in a pocket or a maximum of two. And such a reserve can be useful in a variety of cases.
What is included in the tourist NAZ?
Tourist's emergency wearable should be more extensive. Which is understandable - he leaves the city for whole days and even weeks. Therefore, buying the necessary things in the store or taking it when you go home will not work.
At the same time, NAZ should be light and compact - there is no extra space in the backpack, and no one wants to carry extra cargo.
First of all, this should include food stock. 200 grams of chocolate and about 200 grams of sublimates. That's enough to eat a fairly satisfying meal for a couple of days.
Also, the kit should contain water disinfectants - "Aquatabs" or at least simple potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate). Good water is not always available.
Of course, we must not forget about the first aid kit. In addition to all medicines (they needtake already a pack, and not two tablets) it should contain a tourniquet, several bandages, a flask of alcohol, a hemostatic sponge.
A knife and a lantern are quite expected tourist companions. But you can already take a larger lantern, and a fixed knife is better. A good choice would be the Swedish Mora, domestic NOX and hundreds of other brands that differ in size, price and other indicators.
Half a dozen hunting matches, sealed in plastic for water resistance, should also be in your pocket.
It would be useful to take a rescue blanket - a very versatile thing that fits easily into your pocket and weighs a few grams.
NAZ for car enthusiast
If you often travel by car, then creating a small NAZ is also worth it. Of course, the car usually has everything you need anyway - a first aid kit, tools, a cable, a spare tire and much more. But it will be very useful to supplement this standard set.
First of all, this is a shovel and an ax - if you at least sometimes go to the forest or just off-road.
You can throw a two-liter bottle of water under the seat or in the trunk - so that it is in reserve. Some experienced motorists also carry with them the IRP - an army ration, which is enough for a day of tasty and satisfying food. Yes, usually on a long trip you can stop by a roadside cafe. But if this suddenly turns out to be impossible, such a supply will be quite useful.
In general, a motorist is not as constrained in the weight and dimensions of NAZ as a tourist, so he canafford and other useful items.
Reserve for pilots
A pilot's wearable emergency supply is carefully designed and selected. There are no random items here - many are multifunctional. For example, the Taiga knife can be used as an axe, machete, knife, shovel, wrench, ruler. And in some modifications - as a butt for weapons.
Also, NAZ pilots include a small amount of high-calorie food and water. Be sure to have means of making fire (special matches) and means of signaling - a rocket launcher and a smoke bomb. And of course, not without weapons.
Buy or make your own?
Specialized stores offer a wide range of NAZs. But experienced users try to collect them themselves. In this case, you can customize the set to suit your specific needs. Yes, and it is much cheaper.
Additional plus - you can use quality items. After all, manufacturers, trying to increase profits, usually complete sets with the cheapest tools. Therefore, they can let you down at the most inopportune time.
When starting NAZ, do not forget certain rules. For example, medicines must be constantly updated - at least once every six months. Then you will definitely not find yourself in a situation where you have to choose between using expired drugs or staying without them.
In general, you can use NAZ only in the most extreme cases. It's ironrule - if you can do without using it, then you should do it.
This concludes our article. Now you know how to make a wearable emergency supply for different people. We also learned a little about the rules for compiling and about what NAZs are. It is possible that this information will help you one day. | <urn:uuid:b0364566-5bba-4a88-b911-712764a4e967> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fashionrebelsbook.com/17251166-wearable-emergency-stock-composition-purpose-how-to-make-and-the-necessary-set-of-tools | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.959857 | 1,947 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Primary care physicians fall into one of three categories: family medicine, internal medicine and pediatrics.
A family medicine doctor, also known as a family practitioner, is both a pediatrician and an internal medicine doctor combined into one specialty. They care for children and adults of all ages. Family medicine doctors are trained and certified with the intent to be able to treat the entire spectrum of medical issues that might be experienced by the members of a family unit throughout their lifetime.
An internal medicine doctor cares for adults; patients 18 years and older. Internal medicine is a versatile brand of medicine focused on the prevention and treatment of diseases. “Internists” educate patients on general health, wellness and disease prevention, and also handle complex medical conditions. BayCare internists are specially trained and certified to treat a variety of adult conditions, throughout every stage of life.
Subspecialties of internal medicine include adolescent medicine, allergy and immunology, cardiology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, geriatrics, hematology, infectious disease, nephrology, oncology, pulmonology, rheumatology and sports medicine.
A pediatrician cares for children from the first days of life through young adulthood. They are specially trained to offer your child quality care from routine checkups to immunizations and treatment for childhood illnesses. | <urn:uuid:c8b06699-c7ce-44d6-8f07-532504abc318> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://baycare.org/services/primary-care | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.948181 | 278 | 2.890625 | 3 |
CONCISE PRESENTATION OF FIQH PDF
The Concise Presentation of the Fiqh 1 1 This concise work in your hands encompasses, in the briefest manner, the proper manner of following the Prophet (^fe). Com | This valuable introductory compilation of fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) issues takes the reader by the hand and shows him/her clearly what. By the grace and mercy of Allah, there are now a number of introductory compendiums of fiqh available in various languages. However, this particular work has.
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The Concise Presentation of the Fiqh of the Sunnah and the Noble Book
Accompanying each name is a commentary that is concise and easy to understand but rich in meaning. Goodreads helps you keep track of books you want to read.
Whatever is in the heavens and earth extols His glory. This compelling and beautifully researched book clarifies the rulings on singing and music and the harm they inflict on the heart, the individual, the family, and the ummah. Due to the nature of this exciting topic, one who researches the subject is faced with an enormous amount of conflicting information.
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The Concise Presentation Of Fiqh
I am glad that this work is published at a time when Islam’s position on war and peace is being debated very passionately on a global level. Audio Sample 4 Your browser does not support the audio element. Open Preview See a Problem? Readers will hopefully peruse and ponder over the book, starting with its introduction and not neglecting its final words, while acting upon everything in between.
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As such it is an invaluable guide for all Muslims including those new to Islam and for young people making their entry into adulthood – an essential addition to every Muslim’s personal library.
Mohammed Algazar rated it liked it Mar 18, International Islamic Publishing House. At this time, this feature is available for retail customers only.
The Concise Presentation Of Fiqh : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive
Al-Hidaayah Publishing and Distribution Adults English Abu Bilal Mustafa Al-Kanadi The subject of this treatise – the nature, essence, and circumstances of the human soul – is fascinating to people of all ages, faiths, and walks of life. You are commenting using your Twitter account. They help to od Allah, Whose limitless greatness and glory is impossible to grasp. To further ensure that this work is of the utmost reliability, the author has also restricted cohcise discussion to what is most directly derived from the Qur’an and sunnah, and is, therefore, logically above dispute.
Enam Dehvari rated it liked it Jul 02, Abdul-Azeem Badawi has avoided using any of the weak or rejected hadiths that are so often included in other books of fiqh. To find out more, including how to control cookies, see here: Moreover, this book contains references to views of the Shi’ah, Khawarij and mystics that have departed from the right path. Take a moment to review this product! International Islamic Publishing House Publisher: It deserves the widest possible attention.
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I also recommend it to the older reader who may wish to acquaint himself with the basic teachings of Islamic ‘Aqidah and Fiqh. Hardcover, Also available as Paperback Ages: He critically examines the views of classical and modern Islamic scholars in light of the original intent of the Shari’ah. Audio Sample 8 Your browser does not presentatkon the audio element. By continuing to use this website, you agree to their use. Abdul-Azeem Badawi has avoided using any of the weak or rejected hadiths that are so often included in other books of fiqh.
This book, albeit small in comparison with the larger works, has combined together two books. Let us know the pros and the cons, and share your thoughts about it.
First, it is a book containing fiqh that takes the reader by hand and shows him what he should do. We appreciate your feedback! This is of utmost importance since it bears directly on one’s belief. Murad Aldhoon rated it pgesentation it Sep 04, Aisha Lemu in the s, offers a new approach to the teaching of Islamic Studies, especially for younger students.
Given that the original textbook was written primarily for West African audiences, it covered only the Maliki School of Thought. | <urn:uuid:31babc89-297c-4944-9681-1eadd9c8a572> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kylefoster.me/concise-presentation-of-fiqh-25/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573667.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819100644-20220819130644-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.918432 | 1,142 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Help us to Save the Sea this World Oceans Day
This World Ocean's Day we are very happy to be donating 50% of the sale price across all our Legends of the Sea designs sold on the Forivor website to the Environmental Justice Foundation's (EJF) Oceans campaign. The campaign will run from June 8th until midnight June 11th GMT.
This June you can help us to support EJF's crucial work to protect the ocean, end illegal fishing and stamp out the human rights abuses driven by this illicit activity. By buying a Legends of the Sea design both you and your children can learn more about marine wildlife and in doing so help EJF to protect the millions of people that depend on our ocean and for the magnificent and varied wildlife that call it home.
It was while I (Rebecca) was working at the Environmental Justice Foundation (EJF) , that I had the idea for Forivor. Their work to bring international attention to the appalling environmental and human rights abuses within international supply chains, like in the cotton and fishing industries, inspired me to think of ways to increase the share of sustainable organic cotton. After realising there was a huge shortage of interesting organic bedding available I had an idea for bedding that could nurture a child's innate love of nature and inspire them to be ambassadors of the planet as they grow up.
Although the cotton industry was my primary interest when I started working at EJF, I also became fascinated with the inequality of other global supply chains and the impact that they have on local communities. For example, EJF's work in Sierra Leone and West Africa demonstrates how if fishing trawlers act illegally by operating in areas that are protected or reserved for local fishermen, the local population are left without fish for food or for their livelihoods, plunging already poor communities further into poverty. Whilst working with EJF, I was fortunate to have visited Sierra Leone and their first community project which began with one small boat and one fisherman. This incredible project empowers those most at risk of illegal fishing to expose and combat damaging practices and fight back at the companies that put legitimate fishers at a disadvantage and steal food from the mouths of the world’s poorest.
From that first small community project in Sierra Leone, EJF has now developed a highly effective Fisheries Information Network (FIN) which has expanded across West Africa, the Horn of Africa and South East Asia. The network connects local activists and small-scale fishing communities with EJF's remote, satellite monitoring technologies to identify and document potential illegal fishing practices.
To date, the information gathered by local communities has led to scores of official investigations, the delisting of illegal vessels, criminal proceedings and millions of dollars of fines levied on, ship owners and key legal reforms in countries whose vessels have been involved in illegal fishing.
Since my time working at EJF, their Oceans campaign has expanded to include far reaching work to protect our ocean habitats, marine wildlife and the people that depend on them. To find out more about their highly effective and crucial work you can visit their website here and don't forget to buy something from our Legends of the Sea collection where 50% of the sale price will be given to EJF from 8th June 2021 to midnight on 11th June 2021 (GMT). Orders sent to the European Union will have 50% of sale price donated after taxes donated to EJF.
In a side note, my colleagues from my time working in a very small team at EJF remain some of my closest friends and Eleanor Church (Larkrise Pictures) who takes many of our beautiful photographs for us was filmmaker at EJF when I worked there. Myself and Eleanor went on to have children at the same time and the two R's (Remie and Rosa) have been part of many Forivor photoshoots together alongside all the newer siblings! | <urn:uuid:f297e18f-dd09-4502-8aa9-600029bd713e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forivor.com/blogs/news/help-us-to-save-the-sea-this-world-oceans-day | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.964256 | 798 | 2 | 2 |
What is Chrome Web Store ?
All these days, if you have been using chrome extensions on Google chrome, now it has extended as a Chrome Web Store, that has all the Chrome Web Apps useful for users and developers. A store of applications for Chrome browser and Chrome OS. The Chrome Web Store will feature 3 things. First is Chrome Web Apps where you can find number of apps specially designed for Chrome browser, Second part is usual chrome extensions, Third part is Chrome themes to dress up your Chrome browser. Finally you can find a small link named ‘Your Apps’ down the Chrome web store page where you can find all the apps which are installed in your Chrome browser.
For example, You might have been using Tweetdeck , a twitter client. Now you can use the same Tweetdeck on Chrome browser as a web app. When you use it as separate tool, then it is Tweetdeck, If you use the same in Chrome browser, it is named ‘Chromedeck’
Still Confused ? Check out the power of Chrome Web apps now by hitting to The New York Times Chrome Web app. You will find it easy to read all the sections of the magazine The New York Times. Chrome Web apps can be easily installed just like any other extension which you would have done before, just hit the Chrome web store, select the applications and install it on your Chrome browser. You can access the Chrome Web Store.
CR-48 Chrome OS Laptop
After the introduction of Chrome Web store, Google Talked about their Chrome OS, which they have announced last year. The Chrome Operating System is specially built and optimized for the web. As they cannot leave the operating system in to the store with the beta tag, they have launched the Chrome OS laptop named CR-48.
To know about the details of the New Chrome OS Laptop CR-48, you can read at our Mobigizmos Blog. Also they have only limited editions of this Chrome OS laptop, So Google officials made a pilot program where they need testers and users to give feedback by using this Chrome OS laptop.
If you’ve some keen knowledge about the web and Chrome browser, you can apply for Chrome OS laptop. Google is giving Free Chrome OS laptop for users who are selected from this pilot program. Check out How to get the CR-48 Chrome OS laptop for review unit ?
| For a limited time I'm sharing some select Tips and Tricks and How-To Guides for FREE. | | <urn:uuid:771a7718-270c-49e9-8a01-fc15c96a0556> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.madrasgeek.com/2010/12/chrome-web-store-chrome-os-laptop.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00429-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.891468 | 508 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Luer-lok syringe has a locking mechanism to ensure that the needle is secured in place. The needle needs to be twisted to fix it upon the barrel. This feature is lacking in Luer slip wherein the needle only need to slide to fit to the barrel. Thus, Luer-lok syringe is safer to use for hypodermic and intravenous injections.
Word origin: from its German medical instrument maker, Hermann Wülfing Luer (18th century)
- Luer's syringe
- Luer syringe | <urn:uuid:84ce6699-8a13-4d18-ab34-10707b52eefa> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Luer-lok_syringe | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00472-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.848963 | 115 | 1.765625 | 2 |
What arguments and writings have been used to defend the Genesis account of the fall as a historical event? Is there evidence apart from the writings in Genesis that man was at one time not fallen?
I'm assuming, you're looking for evidence of a transition from unfallen-ness to fallen-ness, not merely evidence of fallen-ness.
If a satisfactory answer to your question requires, in a Young Earth view, something like an archeological artifact (say, a book that Adam wrote in the few hours/days before he Fell), I think you'll be lacking.
In a philosophical sense, C.S. Lewis in Mere Christianity tried to make a "logical" case for the necessity of evil being a corrupted good, rather than an eternally evil bad. But again, this may be more of a view of the "fall" of the devil moreso than mankind.
If one holds to a literalist-old-earth Creation view, there could be some evidence in extinction rates. Reasons to Believe, an old-earth think tank, says:
Roughly half the bird species alive on Earth when humans appeared no longer exist, and more than a tenth of those that remain face imminent extinction. While evolutionary theory offers no explanation for this change from proliferation of bird species to diminution, the Bible does .... | <urn:uuid:d9bc1701-fff8-4df7-8ca6-e613b6335758> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/15796/what-arguments-do-scholars-present-for-historicity-of-the-fall | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.939278 | 275 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Tax laws can help or hurt new and expanding businesses.
By Mark E. Battersby
In today’s economy, it’s not unusual for an existing fabrication business to branch out, or for the owner or self-employed canvas professional to start another business in the same or a different field. Few realize, however, that Uncle Sam stands ready to become a partner in these efforts in the form of U.S. tax laws.
The tax laws allow the government to not only pick up part of the expense of branching out or starting up a new venture, but often allow the losses from a secondary activity to be used to reduce the tax bills generated by income from self-employment, wages, investments or the primary business.
Startup cost write-offs
In most cases, the ordinary and necessary expenses of carrying on a trade or business are tax deductible. Naturally, if there is no business, there are no tax deductions for business expenses. Special rules exist for the expenses incurred in starting a business.
Anyone who pays or incurs business startup costs and who subsequently enters the trade or business can choose to expense and immediately write off up to $5,000 of those costs. However, that $5,000 deduction is reduced dollar-for-dollar when the startup expenses exceed $50,000.
The so-called organizational costs of business entities are a separate class of expense from startup expenses, although subject to similar rules. An incorporated business can, for instance, choose to deduct up to $5,000 of any organizational expenses incurred in the tax year business begins.
The balance of startup or organizational expenses, if any, are amortized (written off) over a period of not less than 180 months, starting with the month in which the business begins.
Business owners and self-employed professionals often have multiple business activities. Common to almost every situation is the question of whether the new activity is merely a branch or subsidiary of the existing fabrication business—or will the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) view it as a separate activity?
If the new operation is really an extension of the original business, a significant write-off is available. To illustrate, suppose John Doe operates a marine upholstery business and an online store. The operation is profitable, and he decides to build a shop at the same location that specializes in custom boat covers. John Doe’s startup expenses amount to $70,000 and include the cost of hiring employees, setting up bookkeeping, creating an operations manual and advertising and promoting the operation.
If this were an integrated operation, John Doe’s primary business could immediately deduct the startup costs. If not, the rules require they be capitalized and amortized.
Losses—hobby vs. business
Not surprisingly, all income from a business activity is usually taxable. Fortunately, the losses from a money-losing activity—either from an existing business or a startup—can be used to offset the income from other sources. However, for a hobby that is not aimed at generating profit, the expenses are generally deductible only to the extent of the activity’s income.
Even after the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) eliminated many personal itemized deductions, some expenses incurred in connection with a hobby are still tax deductible. The general rule is an activity is presumed not to be a hobby if profits (more income than expenses) result in any three of five consecutive tax years. Fortunately, even without profitable years, if someone operating a business activity can prove there is “intent” to show a profit using the IRS’s guidelines, many activity-related expenses are legitimately deductible, even those in excess of the activity’s income. The amount by which the activity’s expenses exceed its income, its losses, can offset all income from other sources.
It’s logical for canvas professionals to consider using many of the TCJA’s tax breaks to start or grow their business. Be aware, however, that the TCJA’s tax breaks can both help and hinder those expansion plans, as many of the potential pitfalls in our basic tax rules still exist.
Although there is the 100 percent write-off of equipment and other business asset costs, there must be taxable income that can be reduced by that write-off. Additionally, to make those purchases, money must be borrowed or the equipment must be leased. Larger businesses attempting to borrow expansion funding are now limited to an interest expense deduction that cannot exceed 30 percent of the operation’s income.
Leasing, long a staple of cash-starved businesses and startups, faces new accounting rules that require most leases to be reported on the operation’s financial statements. Publicly traded businesses must already treat leases as a liability, while smaller businesses are required to begin similar reporting in 2020. Also, don’t forget that the tax deduction for startup expenses remains limited.
Formalize entities for protection
Whether you’re starting a new venture or expanding an existing one, it may be wise to formalize the operation by incorporating or forming a limited liability company (LLC). Doing this can provide personal liability protection and give the new operation an edge when it comes to sales, financing and taxes. Keep in mind that the LLC or incorporated new branch or startup won’t escape IRS scrutiny under the hobby rules.
Corporations, LLCs and limited partnerships do offer protection to their owners or shareholders for any debts of the entity. But the entity’s corporate veil can be pierced if a creditor can show the entity was the alter ego of the owners. Sometimes it is enough that the owners are majority shareholders, exercise substantial control over the incorporated operation, or regularly use corporate funds to finance personal expenses.
The right funding
In good times or bad, one of the hardest questions to answer is what kind of funding should a startup or expanding fabrication business seek? Any quest for business funding begins with an understanding of the various types of financing, where that funding may be found, and at what cost. Generally, there are two basic ways to fund a business: debt financing or equity financing. With equity financing, capital is received in exchange for part ownership in the operation or business. With debt financing, capital is received in the form of a loan, which must be paid back.
Putting money into the fabrication business or taking money from the business is not something to be tackled by amateurs. In simplified terms, money invested in the business can be withdrawn with a tax bill on any profits from the sale of that capital investment. On the other hand, a loan made by a canvas professional to his or her business can be repaid tax-free if the ever-vigilant IRS accepts it as a bona fide, arm’s-length transaction.
The passive trap
So-called material participation rules limit the deduction of losses from so-called passive activities, ventures where the taxpayer does not “materially participate” in the activity. Generally, losses from passive activities may not be deducted from non-passive income (for example, wages, interest or dividends).
Usually, someone is said to materially participate in an activity if he or she participates in the activity on a regular, continuous and substantial basis during the year, or the individual participates in the activity for more than 500 hours during the year.
Having access to legal expertise is extremely important when creating or expanding a business to help the business survive and grow as rapidly and efficiently as possible. In addition to legal advice, accounting advice such as setting up the operation’s books, auditing, payroll services, taxes and retirement planning might benefit both new and expanding fabrication operations.
The first step in finding the right professional requires an inventory of what you and the business or startup need in the way of services and advice and how much you can afford to pay for them. It’s also important to determine beforehand just how much of the work you and your business will do and how much of it will be done by professionals.
Mark E. Battersby writes extensively on business, financial and tax-related topics.
The IRS uses many factors to determine whether an activity is a hobby or a business. These include:
- Do you keep complete and accurate books and records?
- Do you depend on income from the activity for your livelihood?
- Are losses normal in the startup phase of your type of business?
- Did you make a profit in similar activities in the past?
- Does the activity makes a profit in some years?
For a complete list, visit www.irs.gov/faqs/small-business-self-employed-other-business/income-expenses. | <urn:uuid:4c4cb46b-5c9a-4bda-9ad6-556105662ebc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://specialtyfabricsreview.com/2019/09/01/tax-laws-can-help-with-startups-and-expansions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.95575 | 1,803 | 2.0625 | 2 |
By Dustin Jones, September 18, 20218:57 PM ET
For those in the Northern Hemisphere, summer will come to an end next Wednesday.
Slowly but surely since the middle of June, days have been getting shorter. With the arrival of the autumn equinox comes cooler weather and a change of color amongst the trees.
And Monday, two days before the official start of fall, the harvest moon.
For three days, moonrise will come shortly after sunset, but the harvest moon will reach its peak illumination at 7:54 p.m. ET Monday.
Historically this lunar event provided farmers a little extra light to harvest their crops. However, unlike the equinoxes, which take place at the same time each year, the harvest moon is the full moon closest to the autumnal equinox. Which means it can fall in September or October, according to The Old Farmer’s Almanac. | <urn:uuid:fdbd2df1-8f37-4b28-a171-92b7d0c3b43f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://drwebdomain.blog/2021/09/23/celebrate-the-end-of-summer-with-mondays-harvest-moon-npr/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.94455 | 191 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Created by Nicolas Nahornyj at ECAL, Lazy Pen is an attempt to combine the practical side of computer-based word processing with the emotional aspect of one’s handwriting. The tool allows the user to distort the typeface as they write, using the moving palettes placed beneath their palms.
Tactilu is a research project embracing remote haptic/tactile communication. The device takes a form of a bracelet capable of transmitting the touch between two individuals via bluetooth and internet connection provided by smartphones.
Sorry, this is Members Only content. Please Log-in. To find out how to become a member see here. | <urn:uuid:38b98824-3f58-4922-b957-e10d028d2ac6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.creativeapplications.net/tag/haptic/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00153-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.914293 | 132 | 1.554688 | 2 |
|Name: _________________________||Period: ___________________|
This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through A Neighbour's Landmark and A Warning to the Curious.
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Who did Mr. Humphrey receive his inheritance from?
(a) His uncle.
(b) His father.
(c) His aunt.
(d) His mother.
2. Why is the secretary afraid for Dunning?
(a) He stole from the bank.
(b) He criticized Mr. Karswell's paper.
(c) He is bankrupt.
(d) He stole from Mr. Karswell.
3. Who did Mr. Garrett see looking for the Tractate Middoth earlier?
(a) A child.
(b) A parson.
(c) A teacher.
(d) A woman.
4. What do the police suspect killed Mr. Poshwitz?
(a) A woman.
(c) A bear.
(d) A snake.
5. In what town does Parkins work?
Short Answer Questions
1. In "Casting the Runes," what does Mr. Karswell show the children?
2. How many prayer books does Mrs. Porter discuss with Mr. Davidson?
3. In "A School Story," what happens to the writing on the paper the narrator finds?
4. What is in the painting that Mr. Williams orders?
5. What does Mr. Somerton ask his friend to do when he arrives at the church?
This section contains 199 words
(approx. 1 page at 300 words per page) | <urn:uuid:8f6fa3f8-9a48-47c9-98e9-010f0306e1e6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bookrags.com/lessonplan/casting-the-runes-and-other-ghost-s/quiz4b.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00573-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920539 | 357 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Each person has a unique medical history. Therefore, it is essential to talk with your doctor about your personal risk factors and/or experience with osteoarthritis (OA). By talking openly and regularly with your doctor, you can take an active role in your care.
General Tips for Gathering Information
Here are some tips that will make it easier for you to talk to your doctor:
Specific Questions to Ask Your Doctor
About Treatment Options
About Lifestyle Changes
Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. EBSCO DynaMed Plus website. Available at: http://www.dynamed.com/topics/dmp~AN~T116897/Osteoarthritis-OA-of-the-knee. Updated July 22, 2016. Accessed October 4, 2016.
Osteoarthritis. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases website. Available at: http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Osteoarthritis/default.asp. Updated August 2013. Accessed December 1, 2014.
Osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip. EBSCO DynaMed Plus website. Available at: http://www.dynamed.com/topics/dmp~AN~T114846/Osteoarthritis-OA-of-the-hip. Updated July 22, 2016. Accessed October 4, 2016.
Tips for talking to your doctor. American Academy of Family Physicians Family Doctor website. Available at: http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/healthcare-management/working-with-your-doctor/tips-for-talking-to-your-doctor.html. Updated May 2014. Accessed May 11, 2016.
Last reviewed May 2016 by Warren A. Bodine, DO, CAQSM
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Copyright © 2012 EBSCO Publishing All rights reserved.
What can we help you find?close × | <urn:uuid:6d91ce3a-e513-4fd7-97de-ba81376de617> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mbhs.org/health-library?ArticleId=19926 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00295-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.870894 | 503 | 2.296875 | 2 |
The mayors of the lakeside towns of Chapin, Irmo, and Lexington, as well as the City of Columbia, have issued proclamations in support of National Safe Boating Week, May 22-28, to help promote the official launch of the 2021 Safe Boating Campaign. This yearlong campaign promotes the value of voluntary, consistent life jacket wear by recreational boaters.
Sponsored by the National Safe Boating Council and the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary, National Safe Boating Week is observed to bring attention to important life-saving tips for recreational boaters.
“I support the goals of the Safe Boating Campaign which kicks off the year-round effort to promote safe boating,” said Town of Lexington Mayor Steve MacDougall. “The Safe Boating Week helps educate recreational boaters so they have a safe and fun experience out on the water.”
Coast Guard statistics show that in 2020, there was an increase of nearly 25 percent in boating-related deaths across the U.S. In the months of June, July, and August alone, more deaths were recorded for the same 3-month period than in 22 prior years.
“Accidents can happen in a split second with no time to look for a life jacket, so the best option is to have everyone aboard wearing a properly fitted life jacket,” said Barbara Burchfield, District Staff Officer-Recreational Boating Safety Visitation Program, U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary, and Lexington area resident who was on hand to receive the proclamation. “The fact is that boating safety starts with you – long before the boat is launched.”
The Coast Guard estimates that human error accounts for most boating accidents and that life jackets could prevent nearly 86 percent of boating fatalities. Through basic boating safety procedures – carrying lifesaving emergency distress and communications equipment, wearing life jackets, attending safe boating courses, participating in free boat safety checks, and staying sober when boating – we can help ensure boaters stay safe while on the water.
The proclamations conclude by urging all those who boat to practice safe boating habits and wear a life jacket at all times while boating.
The Coast Guard Auxiliary is the uniformed civilian component of the U.S. Coast Guard and supports the Coast Guard in nearly all mission areas. The Auxiliary was created by Congress in 1939. For more information, please visit www.cgaux.org, www.uscgboating.org and www.safeboatingcouncil.org. | <urn:uuid:a06f8ef7-28f6-4d4b-b931-d89bbb956d8b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://gpstrianglenews.com/index.php/2021/05/28/lake-mayors-proclaim-national-safe-boating-week/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.961856 | 536 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Over deze norm
1.1 This test method covers a procedure which is used to measure the surface area of precipitated hydrated silicas by the conventional Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) theory of multilayer gas adsorption behavior using multipoint determinations, similar to that used for carbon black in Test Method . This test method specifies the sample preparation and treatment, instrument calibrations, required accuracy and precision of experimental data, and calculations of the surface area results from the obtained data.
1.2 This test method is used to determine the nitrogen surface area of precipitated silicas with specific surface areas in the range of 1 to 50 hm2/kg (10 to 500 m2/g).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. The minimum safety equipment should include protective gloves, sturdy eye and face protection, and means to deal safely with accidental mercury spills.
|Nederlandse titel||Standard Test Method for Precipitated Silica-Surface Area by Multipoint BET Nitrogen Adsorption|
|Engelse titel||Standard Test Method for Precipitated Silica-Surface Area by Multipoint BET Nitrogen Adsorption| | <urn:uuid:8d1fe203-8f4d-420c-9f43-141d79d68d70> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.nen.nl/NEN-Shop/Norm/ASTM-D1993032013e1.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719416.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00364-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.842573 | 324 | 2.046875 | 2 |
[QUIZ] So You Think You Know … Cross-Country Skiing
Cross-country skiers use their skis and poles to propel themselves through hilly, snow-covered courses up to 50km in length. How much do you know about one of the most physically demanding Olympic sports?
Want to test your skills with more of our great quizzes? Click here | <urn:uuid:ddc949fc-b864-4f3f-b981-69d9806c95cb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://olympic.ca/2017/10/26/so-you-think-you-know-cross-country-skiing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.912369 | 76 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Science in the News
October 29, 2015 -- The Amazon in the north of Brazil is being deforested, and it is estimated that 80% of the wood harvested is illegal. Many environmental groups are fighting deforestation on the basis of its effects on global warming. But there’s one group of indigenous people in Brazil is fighting back against illegal loggers. This tribe is trying to preserve the trees because they are central to their way of life. They surround and warn illegal loggers and then drive them away with bows and arrows.
From EARTH Magazine, 10/28/2015 -- In a Utah cave, paleontologists are exploring the fossil record preserved in owl pellets since the Pleistocene glaciation. The fossils in the pellets are giving the scientists a glimpse of how the ecosystems have changed over time both from natural variation and more recent changes brought on by human settlement.
10/26/2015 -- IRIS does an excellent job collecting and preparing resources we can use in our classrooms on recent, significant earthquakes. Check out their PowerPoint, visualizations and animations on the magnitude 7.5 earthquake that occurred in the Hindu Kush mountains, in the sparsely populated province of Badakhshan, Afghanistan which borders Pakistan, Tajikistan and China.
IRIS page: http://www.iris.edu/hq/retm/3779
From EARTH Magazine, 10/21/2015 -- What's the origin of the smartphone you're holding or the tablet from which you are reading this? They're made from minerals such as tin, tantalum and tungsten - minerals that aren't found in many places in the world. One place they are found in relative abundance is the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), where these minerals have been fueling militias in an ongoing war for the last 25 years.
10/20/2015 -- IRIS does an excellent job collecting and preparing resources we can use in our classrooms on recent, significant earthquakes. Check out their PowerPoint, visualizations and animations on the major earthquake that struck near Vanuatu in the southwest Pacific Ocean early Friday morning (8:52 AM) local time 337 km (209 miles) west of Port-Vila, Efate, Vanuatu.
IRIS page: http://www.iris.edu/hq/retm/3768
From EARTH Magazine, 10/13/2015 -- Typically, mountains get steeper with increasing altitude. However, during the Pleistocene, a geologic epoch with extensive glaciation, the tops of some mountains, like the Alps, were scoured away. This left mountains that were steeper at a lower elevation than they were at a higher elevation. | <urn:uuid:2affdb30-cce6-49e9-86bb-19270b07dc28> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.paesta.psu.edu/science-news?page=11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.951813 | 550 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Today I want to show you how to make another quick and easy project that makes a great gift or decoration for your bathroom.
All you need is a towel and one or two fabrics for the embellishment.
First measure your towel. Mine is 15.5 inches wide. Therefore my main fabric needs to be 2 to 3 inches wider and so I cut an 18 x 8.5 in rectangle (finished height of the strip will be 8 inches). For the ruffles on the bottom cut a strip that is twice as long as your towel is wide and twice as high as you want your ruffles to be plus 1/2 an inch for seam allowance. My strip is 32x4 inches. To figure out the right height of your main fabric and the ruffles lay your towel on the table and place the fabrics on it. Measure the heights when you like the proportions and remember to add seam allowance. You can match fabrics like I did or just use one fabric for both pieces.
Start by ironing the long strip in half lengthwise.
Then sew two parallel lines of straight stitches at at least 4 to 5 stitch length close to the rough edges.
Now use the bobbin threads on both sides to ruffle the fabric until it is of the same length as your rectangle (for more information on how to make ruffled strips have a look at this tutorial).
When done pin your ruffled strip to a long side of the rectangle right side to right side and sew in place.
Remove the two parallel stitchings you used for ruffling the strip.
Iron the seam allowance of the rectangle towards the inside on the remaining three sides.
Place the rectangle on your towel right side up and pin it in place. Make sure that the seam attaching the ruffles is covered by the towel and wrap the remaining fabric on both sides around the edge of the towel.
Sew the rectangle in place with a simple straight stitch close to the edge all the way around the whole piece and fix your seam at the beginning and at the end with a couple of backstitches.
When done fold the edge of the ruffles into a hem so that the raw edge is hidden inside the double fold and stitch closed.
I like to use matching threads and therefore match the colour of the upper thread with the the fabric on the front and the bobbin thread with the towel on the back.
Here are two more examples
of finished towels.
Have you made a project following this tutorial? Let me know what you think. Did you like it? Was it easy to understand and to follow? Do you have any suggestions?
Write a comment or send me an email using the contact form at the bottom of the page. | <urn:uuid:f1f82462-3ba1-43ca-9f83-ec495280a33e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://quiltingbuttercup.blogspot.it/2013/06/how-to-make-embellished-guest-towel.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00404-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920673 | 561 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Bacon’s mouth-watering smell comes from the meat’s amino acids and sugars reacting to heat. Known as the Maillard reaction, the process releases hundreds of compounds associated with desirable aromas and flavours, resulting in a complex assault on our senses. Our brains have evolved to recognise these smells as good, presumably due to the survival advantage that heating food had for our ancestors. The Maillard reaction also happens when you toast bread or roast coffee beans, although different compounds are given off. Some of the compounds have similar characteristics and are often described by food scientists as nutty, smoky and caramel-like.
Answered by Rik Sargent. | <urn:uuid:e2195c19-e2b9-496f-9f44-23713740b495> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.howitworksdaily.com/why-does-cooking-bacon-smell-so-good/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720026.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00457-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970935 | 137 | 3.609375 | 4 |
Al Lamb Targets Landspeed Record Attempts
When Al Lamb isn’t selling Gold Wings and Groms at his Dallas Honda Dealership, he’s piloting a modified CBR1000 at irresponsibly fast speeds. In the last decade, the 350 mile-per-hour barrier was broken on a streamliner motorcycle, and ever since then a few dedicated riders have been chasing 400mph on two wheels. A handful of die-hard land speed freaks are chasing another aspiration: To be the first to pilot a “sit-on” motorcycle past the 300mph mark. When we hear salt flat land-speed run, the Bonneville salt flat’s 40-square-miles of sodium-paved prehistoric lake bed typically comes to mind. But recently a handful of seriously brave riders trekked across the globe to the Andes mountains in Bolivia to compete in The Top of the World Shootout at the Bolivian Salt Flats.
Also known as the Salar de Uyuni, the Bolivian Salt Flats is the largest salt flat in the world at 4,633 square miles. Situated at 12,000 feet above sea level the salt flats extend out for miles from the base of the Tunupa Volcano which is found on the northern. One of the daring racers to make the trip to Bolivia last month was Al Lamb, the owner of Dallas Honda and the first to fork over the five-figure entry-fee required to participate in the South America land-speed shootout.
Lamb is no stranger to salt-flat land speed record attempts, having cut his teeth on dragstrips and at Bonneville. His forced-induction Honda is a result of years of development and fine tuning, collective days spent doing wind tunnel tests, and trying to fix one problem without creating another.
“We’ve had aerodynamic issues that we’ve been able to address by lengthening the bike by six inches,” Lamb said. “Unfortunately, by doing so it moved the center of gravity, which created a new problem – a noticeable, and debilitating, oscillation around 160mph that we addressed by actually building a weight box in the front of the bike and filling it with 60 lbs. of lead.”
The partial streamliner uses the Honda’s stock swingarm, though the frame has been extended by around 6". An AirTech fairing has been heavily modified, the machine’s fuel-tank houses the turbo-charger’s ice-water intercooler, and a MoTec ECU automatically regulates every gear’s shift point. All this results in a two-wheeler that dynos around 500hp. The bike is a total beast, even with the turbo-charger not working (due to an electrical failure) it was capable of breaking the 200mph mark without even leaving third gear.
READ MORE: The World's Fastest Triumph
To make this all possible, a formidable effort was required not only to get the motorcycles to Bolivia, but to get all the required permits, transport all of the equipment (Lamb had to ship the CBR1000 and a few crates of spare parts after some customs snafus put an end to his plans of sending everything in a 40’ shipping container), and gather the dozens of team-members and the other various individuals required. One of the most renowned experts in preparing salt courses, Mike Cook, was flown in to prepare the 15-mile stretch for the record attempts. Charlie Hennekam was the FIM (Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme) official that had to be on site to certify records over the course of the five days of the shootout that took place last month.
Lamb’s dedication and passion for land speed racing is undeniable. After braving the logistical headache, slapping down an ample chunk of cash, and traveling across the world, the seasoned salt flat pilot was undeterred by the FIM’s South American delegate warning Lamb that he and his team being robbed or kidnapped was a legitimate possibility. The man kept his eyes on the prize and didn’t let the ample reasons not to partake in this competition stop him.
“I like the big speed,” Lamb said. “To ride a land speed motorcycle takes kind of a different attitude. You have to love speed – the engine screaming; feeling the tires hook then break loose; you have to love being there. Riding the ragged edge, as I call it.”
The 2014 Dakar Rally - which had a route that went through Bolivia’s Salar flats - resulted in the South American country receiving a massive uptick in tourism. Bolivia’s government took notice of this and seemingly grasped the potential revenue streams that hosting motorsport events can facilitate. Since then, the country has enthusiastically welcomed two and four-wheeled competition, increasing security while making the most of the new Chinese-built infrastructure. Even Bolivia’s President, Evo Morales, showed up to greet the racers and teams for the recent Top of the World Shootout.
The TOTWS abided by FIM rules as opposed to Southern California Timimg Association rules. This stipulates what kind of bodywork is allowed as well as other technical regulations. There are several different types of two-wheeled land speed vehicles (including scooters!). While bikes can be modified to have much larger, more aerodynamic bodywork, Lamb competes on what are called “sit-on” bikes, partial streamliners with specific rules stipulating what’s allowed, opposed to full-on streamliners where the pilot is fully inside the vehicle. Due to the altitude at Salar de Uyuni, the majority of bikes chasing a land speed record were all forced induction machines – primarily turbo-liter bikes, though a naturally aspirated stock Aprilia RSV4RR did partake in the fun as well.
Top 1 Oil was the main sponsor for this event, but as usual a myriad of other sponsors who make smaller contributions help to make this kind of enormous undertaking possible. In addition to being sponsored by Dunlop Tires, Snap-On Tools, CycleParts Depot, Fast Skinz, and his own Dallas Honda, Lamb is also sponsored by our very own Motorsport.com and has been since 2013. Unfortunately, despite a monumental effort, Lamb’s top-speed run of 265.8mph wasn’t enough to beat the 289mph laid down by Ralph Hudson aboard a GSXR1000-based partial streamliner.
Luckily, there is a whole year between now and the next Salar land speed shootout, so Lamb and his team have ample time to sort of the various gremlins and get the Honda ready for another attempt in 2018. If you’ve ever been close to 200 mph on two-wheels, then you know how much faster 170 feels than 120-130. I can only begin to imagine what close to 300mph feels like on a sit-on bike. Top 1 Oil has put together a legitimately cool eight-part series of episodes about the Bolivian land speed record attempts that are well worth a watch. The speeds are nothing short of insane. | <urn:uuid:61c6ff69-e76b-41e6-9b5f-b5473257a0e6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.rideapart.com/features/254194/bolivia-is-the-new-bonneville/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.952161 | 1,499 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Vitamins, zinc, iodine, mgcl, saponins, flavonoid, chlorine, vitamin b6, calcium, sodium, and conventional nitrites are all abundant in beetroot.
The following are the most basic clinical benefits of beets:
- Promote Blood Circulation Even More
Vegetables are rich in nitrates, which, with the help of oral microscopic living beings, transform to nitrosamines and therefore aid blood flow to the cerebral cortex.
Detox Your Liver
Beetroots include a significant amount of betaine, which helps to maintain the firm liver threshold.
Treat female crashes and menopause-related mishaps.
Because red beetroots are extremely high in iron, their consumption will aid in the regeneration of red platelets. These vegetables are used to treat female indiscretions and the effects of menopause.
Could Help Prevent and Treat Cancer
According to studies, the liquid of this veggie has a significant anti-disease effect, gets cells, and speeds up the healing process of new ones.
Lower your blood pressure.
Because high levels of nitrates lower heart rate, drinking two glasses of beet juice on a regular basis can effectively reduce circulatory strain.
Inflammation should be treated.
Beetroots are rich in dangerous growth aversion specialists, which help with safety and combat fuel.
Get Rid of Constipation
Beetroot juice relieves stomach-related disorders and breaks down osmosis, allowing you to restore halting.
Anemia and Iron Deficiency Treatment
Red beetroots are extremely high in iron, which aids in the restoration of red platelets and, as a result, helps to treat and prevent illness.
Source: https://archive.qatarday.com/blog/prosperity/beetroot-has-an-marvelous power-it-can-fix these-12-contaminations/66819
Opera News is a free to use platform and the views and opinions expressed herein are solely those of the author and do not represent, reflect or express the views of Opera News. Any/all written content and images displayed are provided by the blogger/author, appear herein as submitted by the blogger/author and are unedited by Opera News. Opera News does not consent to nor does it condone the posting of any content that violates the rights (including the copyrights) of any third party, nor content that may malign, inter alia, any religion, ethnic group, organization, gender, company, or individual. Opera News furthermore does not condone the use of our platform for the purposes encouraging/endorsing hate speech, violation of human rights and/or utterances of a defamatory nature. If the content contained herein violates any of your rights, including those of copyright, and/or violates any the above mentioned factors, you are requested to immediately notify us using via the following email address operanews-external(at)opera.com and/or report the article using the available reporting functionality built into our Platform See More | <urn:uuid:01647e46-117b-4b8c-9eff-793d090dcd0d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://za.opera.news/za/en/health/20374c364b75f33e6e32588d7dbce241 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.887081 | 633 | 2.296875 | 2 |
You are the new president of Planned Parenthood. What were some of your first exposures to the clinic? My mom was a patient when I was a kid, and I volunteered as a patient escort when I was a medical student. I remember thinking: What kind of world do we live in where, in order to get health care, women — and men, but mainly women — have to walk through lines of protesters? The politicization of care deeply troubles me. That’s, unfortunately, the reality that we’re in.
How do you consider the misinformation — such as, say, that Planned Parenthood furthers eugenics — that can proliferate about the organization? We need to trust people to make the best decisions for themselves, and that means providing comprehensive education and services. We have to acknowledge that communities of color face the greatest barriers when it comes to access to health care. The same individuals who are making these eugenics claims are often the ones who want to deprive our communities of evidence-based education like teen-pregnancy prevention programs, which were cut across the country last year, and a full range of reproductive-health services. There is a proposed gag rule in the Trump administration’s approach to federally funded family planning that would disproportionately impact low-income patients. A doctor or nurse would now be forced to censor their speech when it comes to providing women with the full range of reproductive-health options. Imagine if this was diabetes, and doctors and nurses were forced by the government to not give any information about insulin. It’s outrageous and, frankly, racist.
Are there other threats to providing care? There is a saying, “Public health saved your life today, you just don’t know it.” The work of public health works best when we are invisible. The problem is that, when we’re invisible, we are the first on the chopping block. When you look at public-health funding around the country, we continually get cut from federal, state and city budgets. It should be no surprise that as a result of drastic cuts to the C.D.C. and a lack of investment in public health and public-health infrastructure, we are seeing things like a rise in S.T.D. rates and record numbers of overdose deaths.
In 2013, you published a book called “When Doctors Don’t Listen,” about patient advocacy. You are one of the few presidents of Planned Parenthood who was trained as a physician. As both a doctor and a patient, what is the optimal relationship between the two? I saw how much of a disconnect exists between what patients need and what the health care system is providing. When my mother was diagnosed with what turned out to be metastatic cancer, I saw the assumptions that doctors and nurses would make about her and the decisions she wanted to make for herself. She died in part because of miscommunication, and she was misdiagnosed for over a year. It’s understandable that the provider might have assumptions about a patient — in a way, it’s human nature. But it’s up to all of us to speak up and to question those assumptions.
Considering the limitations that patients may experience in procuring a medical abortion, how do you feel about self-induced abortions? Abortion is a safe, legal medical procedure. I treated a young woman who had her cousin attempt an abortion on her at home, and by the time she came to the E.R., she was lying in a pool of blood and eventually died. Individuals can have their own views about abortion. What I have a problem with is when they — or the government — impose their will on women’s bodies and health. It’s insulting when people describe their anti-choice stance as “pro-life” — what I do is promote life and the well-being of women and families and communities. I’m a physician. I went to medical school. Everything I’ve ever done is to save lives. | <urn:uuid:4ac3c3b3-015c-490f-b9b2-5c6dae20a38c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/06/magazine/dr-leana-wen-dislikes-the-politicization-of-health-care.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.976287 | 830 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Several thousand Angolan returnees from the neighbouring Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) are stranded by floods in northeastern Angola. They are among the first casualties of what promises to be a very wet rainy season in parts of southern Africa.
“At least 50,000 people - 24,000 of them returnees - in 10 villages in Uige Province [northeastern Angola near border with DRC] have been affected by the flooding, rains and hailstorms in the past four months,” said Antonio Maiandi, head of the Evangelical Reformed Church of Angola, which has been trying to help those affected. The rainy season here tends to be longer than elsewhere in Angola.
“It is still pouring hard. At least 1,142 houses have been destroyed by the rains. Each family with shelter is now hosting other families,” said Maiandi, adding that the returnees, who had sought refuge from the civil war in Angola which ended in 2002, were putting enormous pressure on locals, and organizations such as his.
“The local population who are mostly farmers have been severely affected. Their cassava [staple food in Angola] and groundnut crops have been destroyed, so there is not enough food to go round.”
The UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) restarted formal repatriation of Angolans in November 2011 after logistical and other problems forced the process to stop in 2007. DRC is home to some 80,000 Angolans refugees, according to UNHCR.
The new return initiative comes after a UNHCR survey in 2010 found that 43,000 wanted to return home, and following a tripartite agreement between Angola, DRC and UNHCR (signed in June 2011), around 20,000 people signed up for help to return. The agreement came about after years of tense relations between the two countries: Angolan and Congolese nationals have been expelled from the two countries regularly.
|Each family with shelter is now hosting other families|
“The local population is extremely poor and unable to support the returnees,” and “people are still coming in every day,” said Maiandi.
UNHCR in Angola told IRIN they took a break in December 2011 and would resume formal repatriation on 17 January, but did not have an update on the number of people who had already arrived.
According to aid workers, increasing instability in the DRC following the recent disputed elections could be prompting more people to leave.
Maiandi said the returnees had not received adequate support from the authorities and church organizations had limited resources.
Meteorologists for the Southern African Development Community (SADC) have predicted normal to above normal rains for most of the region from January to March 2012 largely because of the continuing effects of the 2011 La Niña event. Thousands of people in the region were displaced and scores killed in early 2011 as a result of heavy rains and flooding associated with La Niña.
As the rainy season begins here, aid workers and disaster prevention teams are closely monitoring water levels in the all-important Zambezi river, the continent's fourth largest.
The authorities have issued a flood alert after being forced to release water from the swollen Kariba Dam on the Zambezi earlier than usual in the rainy season.
The Zambezi River Authority (ZRA) which usually opens the spillway gates of Lake Kariba in the last two weeks of January was forced to open one of the gates on 3 January. It has advised people living downstream to evacuate their homes.
Zambia is in for a mixed season. Dominicano Mulenga, national coordinator of Zambia's Disaster Management and Mitigation Unit, said a plan had been drawn up to help 368,953 people likely to be affected by rain and dry spells. While northwestern and western parts of the country had seen heavy rain, southern, eastern and parts of central Zambia were likely to receive little or no rain, he said.
|Risk of food insecurity in wake of floods|
|Heavy rain puts relief agencies on alert|
|Gearing for heavy rains as La Niña strengthens|
The water level in the Zambezi was higher than at the same time in 2011, he added. “We have had three seasons of heavy rainfall and the ground is saturated with water, making it more prone to flooding.”
Namibians, currently experiencing a heat wave, are eager for rain, said Guido van Langehove, chief of the Namibia Hydrological Services. Southern African Development Community (SADC) meteorologists have forecast normal to above normal rains for Namibia over the next three months. “It was the same forecast last year and we recorded three times the normal rain,” van Langehove pointed out.
The Caprivi Region, Namibia’s poorest area, is prone to annual flooding.
Japhet Itenge, director of Disaster Risk Management in the Office of the Prime Minister, said they were prepositioning essential commodities and relief tools as part of their contingency plans.
Lesotho has not received adequate rainfall in the past few months, a spokesman for the country’s meteorological services told IRIN. “SADC has forecast heavy rains for Lesotho in the coming weeks. We are worried it can cause early frost and destroy crops that have already been planted,” he said.
Lesotho and Namibia have food insecurity levels greater than their five-year averages due to the severe flooding experienced during the last growing season, according to FEWSNET.
The Mozambican authorities have begun to release water from the Cahora Bassa Dam on the Zambezi. People living mainly along the lower Zambezi basin and in Buzi, Save, and Pungue basins, including Beira city, are on alert.
Sofala Province in central Mozambique is currently distributing items such as bicycles, stretchers, masks, gloves, megaphones and boats, according to the Mozambique Red Cross; and members of seven local disaster risk management committees established in Beira City are cleaning the drainage system.
The National Institute of Disaster Management (INGC) is monitoring the rivers Montepuez, Licungo, Mutamba, Pungué, Buzi, Save, and Maputo, said FEWSNET. In the Zambezi and Limpopo river basins, FEWSNET warned of a near-average-to-high probability of flooding.
João Bobotela, CARE’s emergency response coordinator in Mozambique, said INGC and local authorities had been running flood simulation exercises since November 2011 to prepare communities for sudden evacuations.
Arid Botswana has not received good rains in the past few months. “We are expecting average rains which might help crops,” said a spokesman for the Botswana Meteorological Services.
More rains have been forecast for southern Malawi, where land adjacent to the River Shire, one of the most food-insecure parts of the country, is prone to flooding. Parts of the region, which has seen an outbreak of foot and mouth disease and a hike in food prices, are in crisis mode, warned FEWSNET.
Much-needed rain has fallen in South Africa’s major maize-producing northern Free State area in the past few weeks. The government and USAID’s Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWSNET) say the country has adequate supplies, but global maize stocks are low, putting considerable upward price pressure on South African white maize. | <urn:uuid:967ce351-9369-4906-8f01-297be0ad5734> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.irinnews.org/news/2012/01/06/floods-leave-angolan-returnees-stranded | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00573-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965599 | 1,572 | 2.328125 | 2 |
ARFF Vehicle and High Reach Extendable Turret (HRET) Operation, Training and Qualifications
Provides FAA standards and recommendations for the training of airport firefighting and rescue personnel in the proper operation and tactical use of Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) vehicles and ARFF vehicles equipped with High Reach Extendable Turret (HRETs). This guidance includes the development of department Standard Operating Guidelines (SOGs) and the development of department proficiency evaluation standards.
Aircraft Fire Extinguishing Agents
Provides guidance on Aircraft Fire Extinguishing Agents and provides an acceptable methodology for complying with Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 139, Certification of Airports.
Aircraft Fuel Storage, Handling, Training, and Dispensing on Airports
Contains specifications and guidance for the storage, handling, and dispensing of aviation fuel on airports. Additionally, this AC provides standards and guidance for the training of personnel who conduct these activities.
Please see the associated Addendum for a list of companies offering courses of instruction in line service training as well as supervisory training that are acceptable to the Administrator. We will update the Addendum on a quarterly basis.
Aircraft Rescue Fire Fighting Equipment, Tools and Clothing
Contains references to the minimum requirements for the selection and performance of aircraft rescue and firefighting personal protective equipment (PPE), self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), and powered rescue tools. Designed to assist airport management in the development of local procurement specifications for airport fire departments.
Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) Training Facilities
Provides guidance on the design, construction, and operation of aircraft rescue and fire fighting (ARFF) training facilities.
Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting Communications
Provides guidance to assist airport operators in preparing for Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) communications.
Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting Station Building Design
Contains information, references and guidelines for construction of Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) station building design.
Airport Avian Radar Systems
Provides guidance on the use of avian radar systems to supplement an airport’s Wildlife Hazard Management Plan (WHMP) and reduce the potential avian threats to aircraft.
Airport Certification Manual (ACM)
Provides methods for meeting the certification requirements specified in Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 139, Certification of Airports. This AC cancels AC 139/201-1, Airport Certification Manual (ACM) and Airport Certification Specifications (ACS).
Airport Emergency Plan (Consolidated AC includes Change 2)
Provides guidance to the airport operator in the development and implementation of an Airport Emergency Plan (AEP). The AEP addresses essential emergency related and deliberate actions planned to ensure the safety of and emergency services for the airport populace and the community in which the airport is located.
Consolidated file includes Change 2 dated 11/3/2010. Change 2 updates the date by which AEPs must be submitted to June 30, 2011.
Airport Field Condition Assessments and Winter Operations Safety
This AC provides guidance to assist airport operators in developing a snow and ice control plan, assessing and reporting airport conditions through the utilization of the Runway Condition Assessment Matrix (RCAM), and establishing snow removal and control procedures.
For implementation purposes, all certificated airports must submit revised Snow and Ice Control Plans to the FAA no later than September 1, 2016, for approval. The Federal NOTAM System is the primary means of conveying airport condition information by certificated and federally obligated airports. Effective October 1, 2016, the Federal NOTAM System will incorporate the new reporting criteria and methodology contained in this AC.
Airport Foreign Object Debris (FOD) Management
Provides guidance for developing and managing an airport foreign object debris (FOD) program. In addition, this AC provides specifications for the equipment used in FOD removal operations.
The described program addresses prevention, detection, removal, and evaluation as well as strategies and practices that can help reduce FOD at airports. The guidelines presented in this AC are advisory and can be implemented at the discretion of the airport operator in accordance with the airport operator’s approved Airport Certification Manual.
This AC cancels AC 150/5380-5B, Debris Hazards at Civil Airports, dated July 5, 1996.
Airport Ground Vehicle Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) Out Squitter Equipment
Provides guidance on the development, installation, testing, approval, and maintenance of Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) Out squitter units for airport ground vehicles. Using this AC, airports will be able to acquire approved and authorized airport ground vehicle ADS-B squitter units that are compliant with Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Part 91, Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS–B) Out Performance Requirements to Support Air Traffic Control (ATC) Service, as well as the initial set of ADS-B applications. Please note that the technical specifications for manufacturing ADS-B squitter units for airport ground vehicles are published in the FAA’s document, Vehicle Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) Specification, Version 2.4, published May 1, 2012.
Contact the appropriate FAA Airport District Office or Regional Airports Division to discuss Airport Improvement Program (AIP) eligibility.
Learn more about Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B).
Airport Pavement Design and Evaluation
Provides guidance to the public on the design and evaluation of pavements at civil airports.
See also related Airport Design Software.
Airport Safety Self-Inspection
Provides information to airport operators about airport self-inspection programs and identifies what should be included in such programs.
Airport Snow and Ice Control Equipment
This advisory circular provides guidance to assist airport operators in the procurement of snow and ice control equipment for airport use.
Airport Water Rescue Plans and Equipment
Provides guidance to assist airport operators in preparing for water rescue operations.
Airside Use of Heated Pavement Systems
Establishes minimum performance requirements for the design, construction, inspection, and maintenance of heated pavement systems for use in the Aircraft Operations Area (AOA).
Announcement Of Availability Of Airport Self-Inspection DVD
Announces the availability of the Airport Safety Self-Inspection DVD, which replaces the previously issued videotape. It also corrects a previously released announcement, dated January 31, 2007, that was incorrectly numbered AC 150/5200-18C.
Construction or Establishment of Landfills near Public Airports
Contains guidance on complying with new Federal statutory requirements regarding the construction or establishment of landfills near public airports.
Design and Installation Details for Airport Visual Aids
This AC provides guidance and recommendations about the installation of airport visual aids.
Engineered Materials Arresting Systems (EMAS) for Aircraft Overruns
Contains standards for the planning, design, installation, and maintenance of Engineered Materials Arresting Systems (EMAS) in runway safety areas (RSAs).
General Guidance and Specifications for Aeronautical Surveys: Establishment of Geodetic Control and Submission to the National Geodetic Survey
Explains the specifications for establishing geodetic control on or near an airport. It also describes how to submit the information to the National Geodetic Survey (NGS) for approval and inclusion in the National Spatial Reference System (NSRS) in support of aeronautical information surveys. See also Airports GIS Video Training Series.
General Guidance and Specifications for Submission of Aeronautical Surveys to NGS: Field Data Collection and Geographic Information System (GIS) Standards
Provides the specifications for the collection of airport data for the FAA Airport Surveying – Geographic Information System (GIS) Program. Also explains how to submit data to the FAA, which will forward the safety critical data to the National Geodetic Survey (NGS) for independent verification and validation. The standards covered in this document provide critical information for the operation and safety of the National Airspace System (NAS) and are classified as critical by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). ICAO Annex 15 defines data as critical when “there is a high probability when using corrupted critical data that the continued safe flight and landing of an aircraft would be severely at risk with the potential for catastrophe.” The information furnished under these standards covers the entire spectrum of the FAA’s airport data requirements. See also FAA Airport Surveying - GIS Program and Airports GIS Video Training Series.
Note: We have re-activated this AC until further notice. Please see the letter cancelling AC 150/5300-18C and re-activating AC 150/5300-18B.
Ground Vehicle Operations to include Taxiing or Towing an Aircraft on Airports
This AC and its appendices provide guidance to airport operators about developing training programs for safe ground vehicle operations, personnel taxiing or towing an aircraft, and pedestrian control on the movement and safety areas of an airport.
This version represents a major rewrite. The AC now addresses aircraft being taxied by persons other than certificated pilots; adds a definition for Airport Operations Area; revises the definition for Non-Movement Area; replaces the term “Ramp” with “Apron” to harmonize with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Annex 14 Volume 1; adds a definition for Vehicle or Pedestrian Deviation; provides guidance for towered airports on Part 139 requirements for people and equipment in the Runway Safety Area (RSA); calls for a Letter of Agreement at towered airports between the airport operator, the tower, and FAA Technical Operations; provides guidance on taxing and/or towing aircraft in the movement area by non-pilots; and incorporates numerous changes to format and content throughout the document. | <urn:uuid:4867df04-08a2-4a09-a9af-2b267aa8baa9> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.faa.gov/airports/resources/advisory_circulars/index.cfm/go/document.list/parentTopicID/66/display/current/changeNumber/0/currentPage/1/sortResults/1/sortColumn/documentTitle/sortOrder/ASC | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720972.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00252-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.87048 | 2,035 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Based on its recent analysis of the personalized medicine market, Frost & Sullivan recognizes QuantaLife, Inc. with the 2011 North American Frost & Sullivan Award for New Product Innovation for its Droplet Digital™ Polymerase Chain Reaction (ddPCR™) system, a next generation of PCR that provides an absolute quantification measurement of nucleic acid molecules in nanoliter droplet form.
Real-time PCR has long been the gold standard for sensitive DNA quantification. With even greater sensitivity and precision, the ddPCR™ system is market-changing and has far-reaching applications in research and diagnostics. By allowing for detection at lower target levels, the ddPCR™ system has the ability to identify diseases earlier in progression, providing a major advantage for diagnostics and preventative medicine. Therefore, QuantaLife is poised to play a significant role in the development of companion diagnostics central to the emergence of personalized medicine.
"Essentially, this new technology provides even more precise measurements than the gold-standard qPCR methods widely used for fifteen years," says Frost & Sullivan Industry Analyst Christi Bird. "The unmatched resolution allows detection of target molecules at extremely low levels, which has major implications for not only precise life science research applications, but also early diagnosis of disease and development of accurate companion diagnostics for personalized healthcare."
Launched in November 2010, QuantaLife's ddPCR™ system consists of two separate instruments, the droplet generator and the droplet reader, both compact and sleek in design. The smaller of the two instruments, the droplet generator, divides each sample into 20,000 one-nanoliter droplets. After depositing the droplets into a 96-well plate, researchers then transfer the plate to their own standard thermal cyclers to amplify the targeted DNA/RNA molecules. Returned to QuantaLife's droplet reader instrument, droplets are streamed single file past a two color fluorescence detector and read as either positive or negative for the target DNA/RNA molecules. The platform then uses statistics to determine the concentration of the selected target in the original sample, thus providing a digital absolute quantification.
The ddPCR™ system provides several advantages over traditional real-time PCR. In particular, the system can better detect the difference between samples with similar genomic structures, a major advantage in determining copy number variation. This precise technology can also identify a +/-10 percent difference in gene expression between samples. Additionally, the instrument can detect a rare difference against a similar and common background.
"This advantage allows extremely sensitive detection of rare mutations when real-time PCR fails at certain concentration due to competitive amplification of the common DNA," says Bird. "The excitement this technology is already generating is evident from the hefty $17.2 million series B financing round the company received in December 2010."
Overall, QuantaLife exhibits the qualities necessary for an entrepreneurial company to succeed – dedication to innovation, a next-generation platform that significantly exceeds earlier technologies, and a solid plan for future growth. The ddPCR™ system has the ability to significantly improve PCR resolution, impacting a plethora of applications requiring precise measurements. Frost & Sullivan expects even greater innovations from this new company over the next few years as it ramps up commercialization of the ddPCR™ system, builds awareness, and pursues new markets. In recognition of its commitment to technology innovation and improving life sciences research and diagnostics, QuantaLife is the worthy recipient of the 2011 Frost & Sullivan Award for New Product Innovation Award in personalized medicine.
Each year, Frost & Sullivan presents this award to the company that that has developed an innovative element in a product by leverage leading edge technologies. The award recognizes the value added features/benefits of the product and the increased ROI it offers customers, which in turn increases customer acquisition and overall market penetration potential.
Frost & Sullivan's Best Practices Awards recognize companies in a variety of regional and global markets for demonstrating outstanding achievement and superior performance in areas such as leadership, technological innovation, customer service, and strategic product development. Industry analysts compare market participants and measure performance through in-depth interviews, analysis, and extensive secondary research in order to identify best practices in the industry.
About QuantaLife, Inc.
QuantaLife, a venture-backed startup company based in Pleasanton, CA recently developed Droplet Digital™ Polymerase Chain Reaction (ddPCR™) technology, a next generation of PCR that provides an absolute quantification measurement of single molecules in nanoliter droplet form. The company was founded in August of 2008. After launching the ddPCR™ system in November 2010, the firm closed $17.2 million in Series B financing in December to accelerate application development for its platform and establish commercial operations in 2011.
About Frost & Sullivan
Frost & Sullivan, the Growth Partnership Company, enables clients to accelerate growth and achieve best-in-class positions in growth, innovation and leadership. The company's Growth Partnership Service provides the CEO and the CEO's Growth Team with disciplined research and best-practice models to drive the generation, evaluation, and implementation of powerful growth strategies. Frost & Sullivan leverages 50 years of experience in partnering with Global 1000 companies, emerging businesses and the investment community from more than 40 offices on six continents. | <urn:uuid:78766b8f-4669-4ebc-ae54-31fe936956a0> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.newswiretoday.com/news/93077/Frost-and-Sullivan-Recognizes-QuantaLifes-Innovative-Technology-for-Enabling-Advances-in-Biomedical-Research-Diagnostics-and-Personalized-Medicine/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719468.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00530-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.90927 | 1,072 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Skype is a program that allows audio and video calls to computers and other devices. It can also be used for file transfer, screen sharing, chat and calling phones (for a fee - landline or mobile). You can make video calls if your computer (or other Skype-compatible device) has a camera (built-in or external). A camera is not required to receive a video from others. Skype is a free program. However, to call regular phones from Skype or to make a group video call you need to make a purchase. Most newer computers come with a web cam (check with the Helpdesk or your manufacturer if you're not sure.) If your computer doesn't have a webcam and you'd like some recommendations for cameras, please see the Recommended Webcams page. If you are planning to use Skype for a class or an event and you need assistance, please contact the Heldesk at least 5 business days before your event to insure assistance.
- 1 Latest Skype Instructions
- 2 Create an Account and Install Skype
- 3 Using Skype
- 3.1 Adding Contacts
- 3.2 A Note on Network Connections
- 3.3 Making Audio and Video Calls with Skype
- 3.4 Group Calls - Conference Calling with Skype
- 3.5 Transferring Files Through Skype
- 3.6 Sharing your Screen Through Skype
- 3.7 Skype Chat
- 3.8 Skyping in a Classroom
- 3.9 Other Skype Features and Step by Step Guides
- 4 Using Skype to Increase Educational Communication
Latest Skype Instructions
Note that Skype Ltd updates their Skype software very frequently. If the links in this document are no longer relevant or usable, please visit http://www.skype.com.
Create an Account and Install Skype
Note: Skype is compatible with Windows PCs, Macs, Linux computers, iPhones and other smartphones, iPads and other tablets, TVs and other devices. For a full list visit Skype System Requirements.
- To get Skype you need to create an account.
- Once you have a Skype account, you need to visit the Skype download page, sign in with your account and the Skype download will start.
- Follow the instructions on the download page (available after you sign-in as instructed above) to install Skype.
- On Windows, on the initial installation screen, you may want to click the Options button and remove the checkmark from features that you don't want to use (such as Skype plug-ins and toolbars - these are not essential for Skype).
- On Macs, you may need to right-click on Skype and select "Open" the first time and accept the security prompt in order to run it.
- Once Skype is installed, on Windows PCs it will open automatically. On Macs you should drag it to your Applications folder, put the Skype icon on the Dock and launch it from there.
- The first time Skype launches it will let you create an account. Since you've already created an account, skip this step by clicking Sign-In.
- Sign-in with the Skype name and password you created earlier.
You can open Skype in a number of ways (e.g. on Windows it can be started from the Desktop or the Start Menu). If you need help opening Skype, visit How to Start Skype.
To use Skype to collaborate with others you need to know (or find) their Skype Name (definition of Skype Name). Some people publish their Skype Name on their website or as part of email commununication. If you don't know a person's Skype Name it is best to ask the person for this information. Note that you can use Skype's directory to look-up a partial or complete first or last name, however it may be difficult to find a specific individual as there are many people with same or similar names (remember that Skype connects hundreds of millions across the world).
A Note on Network Connections
Skype relies on your network connection to send audio and video. Thus, a reliable network connection is required if you plan to use Skype. A wired network connection or a 4G mobile broadband connection is preferred over Wi-Fi. If you plan to take part in an important call using Skype, you should check your internet speed using http://www.speedtest.net. When testing, be sure to connect to the same network that you plan to use for the actual call. While Skype may work OK for audio calls with slower connections (e.g. 128 kbps), for video calls we recommend that you use an internet connection that offers at least 500 kbps.
Making Audio and Video Calls with Skype
- To call one of your contacts with Skype, open Skype, highlight their Skype Name and press the green Call button.
NOTE: By default this starts an audio call which is very similar to a phone call.
- If the other person has a camera they may choose to use it, though Skype doesn't start a video call by default.
- If your computer (or other Skype-compatible device) has a built-in or external camera the green Video Call button will be available in addition to the regular Call button and you can use this to initiate a video call.
- To turn video on and off during a call click the camera button in the Skype call window.
A Note on Cameras and Mics
Most Macs come with a built-in camera. Dell E6400 laptops distributed by the College come with a camera, as well. Check with the Helpdesk if you are unsure whether your computer has a built-in camera. You can also borrow an external USB camera (plug-and-play, no drivers required) or a Mac laptop with a built-in camera from the Circulation Desk. You can also purchase cameras (look for webcams) from many stores (e.g. Amazon or Best Buy). If purchasing online, any well rated camera will be compatible with Skype. If you'd like a recommendation for a webcam, please see the Recommended Webcams page.
Most computers nowadays come with a built-in microphone (mic). These are usually OK if you make your calls in a quiet area. If you need a higher quality microphone or want to eliminate noise, see the Recommended Computer Mics page.
Group Calls - Conference Calling with Skype
- Instructions for conference calling with Skype (computer to computer group audio call) - free
- Instructions for making a group video call Using Skype - free
- If you add funds to your Skype account, you can also call phones from Skype (and if you pay for the phone number feature, you can receive calls on your Skype from regular phones)
Transferring Files Through Skype
This is a somewhat slow process, but may work well for small or medium sized files: Instructions for sending files through Skype.
Sharing your Screen Through Skype
You (or the other participant in a call) can share the computer's screen through Skype.
You can also use Skype for regular instant messaging (IM).
Skyping in a Classroom
It is possible to use Skype in a classroom setting - for example you can invite a guest speaker to join your class via Skype. Using Skype in the classroom is easy:
- Connect the computer to the projector and to the sounds system as you normally would (e.g. if you were giving a PowerPoint lecture).
If you're not sure how to do this, check Projecting from your Laptop Computer page.
- Open Skype and start your call.
If you're not sure how to do this, check the #Using_Skype section above.
- That's it! The Skype window will be visible on the big screen and the sound can be heard through the audio system in the room. As long as the computer or other device that you are using for Skyping is connected to the classroom's audio/video system, the class will be able to hear and see the guest lecturer on the big screen.
Classroom Skyping Limitations
There are some limitations to using Skype in the classroom:
- You need to turn the computer (or if using a standalone camera, the camera itself) towards the audience for the other party to see the audience. Repeatedly switching the camera between the speaker, the audience, and the person on the other end can become very tedious and disorienting.
- If a member of the audience would like to ask a question, the person will need to walk up closer to the computer that's being used for Skyping. A wireless microphone typically passed around in the audience for Q&A during lectures cannot be used with Skype.
- Skype relies on a peer-to-peer system to connect you to other people. This means that, when you initiate a Skype call, your call gets routed (securely) across other people's computers. While there is strong security in this connection, if there is a computer with a slow network connection in the chain, your call quality will suffer.
- Even with Skype group calling, you are still limited to 10 Skype participants.
Other Skype Features and Step by Step Guides
Using Skype to Increase Educational Communication
As part of their curriculum, the University of British Columbia has published an article on using Skype to increase educational communication. | <urn:uuid:8f12e381-0d9d-44d6-ba76-75c4fade6da5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://mediawiki.middlebury.edu/wiki/LIS/Skype | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00438-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.903036 | 1,904 | 2.515625 | 3 |
IF YOU think daydreaming is a waste of time, think again. New Choices for Retirement Living magazine reports that daydreaming - generally viewed as an activity of idlers - is now being seen as a means of solving problems unconsciously. This is according to Dr Leonard Giambra, a research psychologist at the National Institute on Ageing's Gerontology Research Centre in the United States. Dr Giambra recommends fostering daydreams if you have unresolved problems. Set aside time to let your mind drift, go for a quiet walk and listen to restful music. As your thoughts drift and coalesce, they may provide you with a solution for your problems. Dr Giambra adds that the content of daydreams changes with age. | <urn:uuid:97169e15-c05c-4b61-b270-1f7b4e15438b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.scmp.com/article/99506/theory-eye-opener | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.955584 | 151 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Posted: March 24th, 2022
The text discussed the utilization of multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) and the use of child advocacy centers (CACs) to intervene in cases of child maltreatment. CACs vary in the services they provide. Please visit the National Children’s Advocacy Center’s website http://www.nationalcac.org/
(Links to an external site.)
and search for a CAC closest to your home. Contact the CAC and inquire as to the various intervention and prevention services they offer. (If there is a website available, you can gather the information from the website.) Then, submit a paper indicating the location of the CAC, website if available, contact person you spoke with and the services available. Be sure to indicate whether they are prevention services or intervention services. You can present a bulleted list of services. The paper must be type written, double spaced, 12 point Times New Roman font, and no more than 3 pages.
Place an order in 3 easy steps. Takes less than 5 mins. | <urn:uuid:f2fca36a-63b1-4b1a-ab96-e02380824337> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.buyschoolessay.com/2022/03/24/child-advocacy-centers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.899506 | 221 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Our vehicles take us from point A to point B, allow us to experience amazing adventures, or even become a temporary shelter when we’re away from home. Whether your car is newer, older, if you’re the second or third owner, or whether you plan on driving the vehicle to the end of its mechanical life, it’s important to be aware of the common repairs for used cars. If you’re buying the vehicle from a dealership or an independent seller, you’ll want to have the car inspected and have them disclose any needed repairs before the final sale. Here are some common repairs for used cars you’ll need to budget for over the car’s lifetime.
Common repairs for used cars mean rotating the car tires regularly. Rotating tires regularly is a common precaution for new cars as well, but it’s even more important to do this with used cars since they often have higher mileage. Uneven tire rotation can cause excessive and uneven tire wear, and that can lead to expensive repairs.
If left unchecked long enough, uneven tire rotation can allow undue pressure to remain on one part of the tire versus another. While driving, especially at sustained higher freeway speeds over long periods, this uneven pressure can cause instability and even contribute to a motor vehicle accident. If a tire is thinner in one part of the tread versus the rest of the tire, this could often mean that there is an issue with the alignment of a suspension or steering system, in addition to the tires potentially being unsafe. Regular tire rotation is typically done every 5,000 miles for most vehicles.
Windshields suffer from a variety of ailments, including cracks, chips, and scratches. For a damaged windshield that will not pass inspection in many states, the car’s owner must replace it or could be found guilty of breaking the law. With changing weather conditions, the windshield glass can crack fully from one side of the windshield to the other side in any of the four directions. Severe cracking causes unsafe driving conditions. It won’t take much but the right type of pressure in the right spots to potentially cause the glass to break and harm the vehicle’s occupants. Getting a windshield repaired or even replaced with a windshield replacement service is one of the most common repairs for used cars.
You may not need to get your windshield replaced if there are only minor cracks. Usually, the smaller cracks like hair slivers, small chips, and tiny spider cracks won’t necessarily cause your windshield to be replaced right away. But it is still wise to get them fixed as soon as you can. The cracks will continue to grow and create safety hazards for the driver and other vehicle occupants that may not be safe. Suppose a windshield replacement service finds hair slivers. In that situation, they will need to clean out the crack before permanently filling it with resin or another material that your auto insurance has approved. However, if the windshield has a lot of damage and is no longer safe to drive with, then you should contact a local glass repair shop in your area for repairs or replacement as soon as possible.
Auto seat upholstery repairs are caused by everyday wear and tear and can also result from a spill or pet accident. Quick and common repairs for used cars include purchasing new seat covers for the car for the front and back seats. Seat covers will cover any stains that can’t be repaired and holes that may have been caused by previous pet mishaps or accidental cigarette burns.
Other interior repairs that common repairs for used cars entail include removing previously embedded smells. Entrenched smells can be removed by using a carpet cleaner to remove any leftover dirt and grime, followed by an air freshener. Previously embedded smells may also need to be removed from the auto seat upholstery using specially made industrial strength odor removers. These odor removers are often used by car detailing shops and can sometimes be purchased at auto repair stores.
Auto Accident Repairs
Older vehicles don’t come with many modern-day safety systems and computer checks that modern vehicles do. Lack of modern safety features means the potential for increased accidents if a driver is not fully used to driving an older vehicle. Lack of power steering or power brakes could also be a hazard. In these cases, because those vehicles are not as responsive to steering and braking, it could mean more driving errors in an emergency.
Dealing with auto accident repairs can include minor things like working with a collision repair shop to fix dents and scratches from shopping carts or more serious collision repair like replacing panels or windows. An auto repair shop can walk you through body-specific common repairs for used cars.
When dealing with common repairs for used cars, a budget for a new muffler can be helpful in the event the current one wears through or falls off. Muffler replacement is caused by regular wear and tear due to corrosive elements eating away at the metal over time. Your car should never be blowing any color of smoke other than opaque or white. If you notice that your car is blowing black smoke, it could be time for a new muffle. The cost of a muffler replacement will vary based on a few factors:
- Auto repair shop you use
- Make, model, and year of your car
- Whether the new muffler is factory-issued, universal, or custom made
Many states have specific laws surrounding what types of mufflers vehicles can be outfitted with and the level of noise they’re allowed to make.
If your older vehicle happens to be a truck, let’s not forget about regular trailer repair and trailer upkeep as part of the common repairs for used cars. A faulty or dangerous trailer can make for a whole lot of frustration and an unsafe driving experience. Trailers are the attachments to the truck that the truck pulls. Trailers haul materials and goods when they otherwise would not fit in the vehicle.
Some trailer owners make the mistake of attempting to haul more weight than the trailer is meant to carry. Carrying additional weight places more strain on the trailer, the truck’s engine, and the attachment parts that keep the trailer in place. The more strain on these parts than is allowed, the increased chances of bolts breaking and other issues. If you’re purchasing the truck-trailer combo from someone you’re not familiar with or are unfamiliar with the truck’s hauling history, assume the parts have been overly stressed.
The most common types of trailer repairs are mostly related to the bed, tarp tie-down areas, or load-bearing capacity, which can be repaired with basic knowledge in welding. If you don’t have any welding experience, it is not recommended you attempt to repair load-bearing issues of the trailer.
Trailer upkeep includes regular greasing of the suspension, checking tire pressure, and ensuring all items are in working order. Additional trailer components needing attention include all lights and automatic stabilizing components. If any light bulb goes out or there’s some other issue with a light not turning on when it should, that could indicate something going wrong internally with wiring or an electrical problem. Faulty lights and wiring can signal other drivers of moves you have no intention of making. It’s vital to keep trailer upkeep included as one of the common repairs for used cars.
Changing Your Locks
If you’re getting the car from another owner who doesn’t have the keys, purchasing the vehicle from an auction, or you’ve been locked out, you may find yourself in a position where you need to change the locks on the car. As part of the common repairs for used cars, changing the locks will most likely need to be done at least once over the vehicle’s lifetime.
Locks for used cars are replaced by a locksmith who specializes in auto-related locks. If a key is still stuck in the vehicle, the locksmith company will need to cut any stuck keys. Drilling may be required. Once the old lock and key are removed from the car, the locksmith will reattach a new key.
Keep Supplies on Hand
Dealing with common repairs for used cars means keeping certain supplies on hand. In addition to a 72-hour emergency supply kit, for older cars, you should keep on hand a bottle of engine oil, a tire pressure gauge, a set of sockets and wrenches, and spare fuses. It’s best to get a batch of fuses that have multiple sizes and amp, as you’re not sure which one you’ll always need.
Two different sizes of flashlights along with fresh batteries will give you enough light if you make repairs in the dark. Keep an umbrella in the trunk along with some work gloves. It’s helpful to keep these items in a container dedicated just for the auto supplies.
One of the most important yet often forgotten supply items to keep on hand for common repairs for used cars is the manual for the vehicle’s make, model, and year. A common problem with used cars is that the previous owner might have installed an aftermarket part without paying attention to potential repair hurdles it might cause later. A manual will help you find the mistake, sometimes provide a workaround, and give you tips on preventing the same mistakes in the future.
Know What Your Insurance Covers
No matter how old or used the car is, car insurance is required by law in all fifty states if you or a loved one are driving it on the roadways. Often, a car insurance company will give you a basic policy that covers your state minimum requirements. Basic coverage usually only covers just the state-mandated liability requirements and will pay for repairs or medical expenses caused by an auto accident for people other than yourself.
Comprehensive car insurance provides more coverage than just liability. If you’re thinking about purchasing a used car, typically, comprehensive car insurance is what you’ll want to pay to protect your investment if it’s stolen or vandalized. Comprehensive coverage may also cover fire or flood damage and cover repairs due to natural disasters such as hail storms or lightning strikes.
Keep in mind that not all comprehensive car insurance will provide the same levels of coverage if the used car is older. The same disasters are most likely covered, but not for the same amounts. For custom car enthusiasts, this means checking the car insurance policy for those parts to see if the full cost of those parts will be replaced at today’s value or for what a previously drawn-up policy says the parts are worth. Dealing with common repairs for used cars means maintaining enough insurance coverage that you know your investment is covered in the event of unforeseen circumstances.
Major System Component Repairs
Many common repairs for used cars include maintenance performed at regular intervals of completed mileage. Some of these include oil changes, cleaning or fixing the exhaust systems, and replacing air filters. Older used vehicles will benefit from fully synthetic oil changes or oil specifically designed to reduce burn or leakage. These types of oils can be more expensive.
Other system component repairs are major. Major systems of the vehicle commonly replaced as part of common repairs for used cars include the catalytic converter, the transmission, and sometimes even the entire engine. These are all common in older vehicles because they have reached a certain age or mileage where parts start to wear out more than others, and as such, require repair sooner rather than later. The most efficient way to avoid expensive repair services down the road, as well as plenty of other headaches, is by making sure that every part of your vehicle gets enough love and attention before it starts giving out. | <urn:uuid:c5a87dbc-d95c-49f4-8768-c0627d3382d5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://freecarmagazines.org/what-are-the-most-common-repairs-for-used-cars/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.949867 | 2,408 | 1.882813 | 2 |
London: Researchers have developed a new and cheaper technique to detect cancer which uses sugar to light up tumours in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.
The breakthrough by University College London (UCL) scientists could provide a safer and simpler alternative to standard radioactive techniques and enable radiologists to image tumours in greater detail, researchers said.
The new technique, called ‘glucose chemical exchange saturation transfer’ (glucoCEST), is based on the fact that tumours consume much more glucose (a type of sugar) than normal, healthy tissues in order to sustain their growth.
The researchers found that sensitising an MRI scanner to glucose uptake caused tumours to appear as bright images on MRI scans of mice.
“GlucoCEST uses radio waves to magnetically label glucose in the body. This can then be detected in tumours using conventional MRI techniques,” lead researcher Simon Walker-Samuel, from the UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging (CABI) said.
“The method uses an injection of normal sugar and could offer a cheap, safe alternative to existing methods for detecting tumours, which require the injection of radioactive material,” said Walker-Samuel.
“We can detect cancer using the same sugar content found in half a standard sized chocolate bar. Our research reveals a useful and cost-effective method for imaging cancers using MRI – a standard imaging technology available in many large hospitals,” professor Mark Lythgoe, Director of CABI and a senior author on the study, said.
“In the future, patients could potentially be scanned in local hospitals, rather than being referred to specialist medical centres,” he said.
“Our cross-disciplinary research could allow vulnerable patient groups such as pregnant women and young children to be scanned more regularly, without the risks associated with a dose of radiation,” according to UCL’s Professor Xavier Golay, another senior author on the study.
“We have developed a new state-of-the-art imaging technique to visualise and map the location of tumours that will hopefully enable us to assess the efficacy of novel cancer therapies,” Walker-Samuel added.
The study is published in the journal Nature Medicine and trials are underway to detect glucose in human cancers. | <urn:uuid:d088a9d8-a84b-4680-a0e5-898e96381f50> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://tech.firstpost.com/news-analysis/sugar-can-help-mri-scanner-detect-cancer-in-body-214415.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721027.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00550-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.912478 | 478 | 3.359375 | 3 |
On Thursday, November 7, 1918 the “4-story substantially constructed brick loft building with store” at No. 369 Seventh Avenue was sold at auction. The owner had made certain that the advertisement clarified this was a “voluntary sale,” and not a foreclosure action. It also made note of the desirable commercial location “opposite Pennsylvania Station.”
The purchaser was 39-year old Joseph Manheimer, head of Manheimer Bros., Inc. Like his father, Manheimer was a real estate operator and agent. The “substantially constructed” building prompted its new owner to do renovations rather than to demolish and rebuild. On July 25, 1919 architect John H. Knubel filed plans for “new stairs, partitions, roof, windows, plumbing, front and lower beams.” The renovations would cost Manheimer $10,000—about $137,000 in 2016 terms.
Knubel gave the old building an up-to-date Arts and Crafts façade of yellow brick trimmed in terra cotta. The broad openings at each floor were influenced by the Chicago School. Above the top story Joseph Manheimer branded the building with his name in terra cotta tiles. It was flanked by two slightly-projecting terra cotta shields and topped by a peaked parapet.
The alterations were completed by mid-September 1919 when the store and basement were leased. Manheimer moved his own offices into the building as well. The immediate neighborhood had comprised the fur district for several years and so the renovated building was a wise choice for furriers Meiselman & Peto. They remained here until their bankruptcy in August 1921.
As the fur and apparel district moved north of 34th Street, No. 369 filled with a variety of tenants. In 1945 it was home to M. Hollander’s podiatrist office. Because Hollander did not use the title of doctor, his “foot correction appliances” might be viewed with some suspicion. Nevertheless, he boasted 30 years of “successful experience” and his advertisement in Billboard magazine on February 10, 1945 tempted “Visit my office and let me show you by scientific application of appliances I can eliminate your foot trouble.”
A hold-out from the apparel trade at the time was A. & F. Embroidery, which remained a tenant until at least 1947. Joseph Manheimer kept his personal office here (Manheimer Bros. had moved its headquarters next door at No. 365 in 1933, a property Joseph purchased in 1924) until his death at the age of 71 when his widow took title to the building.
After mid-century the camera district was centered within the Penn Station neighborhood. Spiratone had its retail store in the building by 1957. In 1964 it offered a specialized fixed-lens camera which could take photographs through a microscope.
Mrs. Manheimer died on December 23, 1983 at the age of 89. The Manheimer properties at No. 369 and Nos. 365-367 were purchased later by Nan Su Kim.
In March 2011 the properties were sold in a joint sale by real estate agent Hook Hee Nam for $6.5 million. He happily accepted a down payment of $1.66 million from the buyer, Jae Kun Jeung.
The problem was that Nan Su Kim was unaware that his buildings were being sold.
Hook Hee Nam handed over paperwork with Mr. Kim’s signature—except Nam had signed them himself. He was arrested and “arraigned on charges of first-degree grand larceny, among other things, in connection with the fraud,” according to the Queens District Attorney’s Office.
Although the shop front has been brutalized with a tawdry tourist gift shop, and window air conditioners poke through the upper story windows; John H. Knubel’s striking Arts and Crafts building survives as a delightful surprise on this frenzied section of Seventh Avenue.
photographs by the author
photographs by the author | <urn:uuid:ac6ccd36-d02a-453e-82af-fcd440c9b98b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://daytoninmanhattan.blogspot.com/2016/09/the-manheimer-building-no-369-7th-avenue.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00089-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.983596 | 838 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Friday, May 22, 2009
Pimco co-chief investment officer Bill Gross and Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner are at odds regarding the prospect of the U.S. losing its triple-A credit rating.
Not that it really matters.
In a world crowded with nations whose budget deficits are rising sharply and whose central banks are furiously printing money in an attempt to soften the economic pain, it seems that the general shift downward will just redefine what it means to be a good credit risk.
Kind of like, "less bad" is the new "good".
According to this report at Bloomberg, after Standard & Poor's raised the possibility of the British government getting taken down a notch or two, Gross figures it's only a matter of time until we lose our AAA credit rating in the USofA, but it won't happen anytime soon - this sort of thing should be expected when government debt is growing at near-exponential rates and the printing presses are running 24 hours a day.
Gross commented on the prospects for future budget deficits on both sides of the Atlantic:
“Both the U.K. and the U.S. have prospective deficits of 10 percent annually as far as the eye can see,” Gross said. “At some point over the next several years” the debt of each “may approach 100 percent of GDP, which is a level at which country downgrades tend to occur,” he said.He went on to note that the Fed's balance sheet will probably increase to $5 or $6 trillion by the time they're done printing money, all the newly created dollars aimed at restoring the proper functioning of a financial system that more and more people are realizing is patently unsustainable in its current form.
The U.S. will issue a record $3.25 trillion of debt in the fiscal year ending Sept. 30, according to Goldman Sachs Group Inc., one of the 16 primary dealers that trade directly with the Fed and are required to participate in Treasury auctions.
“The market knows and believes that both the U.S. and the U.K. are quite similar in terms of their debt levels and debt trends,” Gross said.
Meanwhile, Tim Geithner over at the Treasury Department thinks that tumbling prices for U.S. debt are a sign of a resurgent U.S. economy, rather than an inexorable march toward the status of deadbeat borrower.
Admittedly, the term "deadbeat borrower" isn't quite correct here because any government that operates a printing press can always find a way to pay its bills - just look at Zimbabwe.
It simply becomes a question of the value of the money that is used to pay those bills.
Cutting the budget deficit will be a top priority for the U.S. government, as soon as things return to "normal" according to this report also appearing at Bloomberg:
“It’s very important that this Congress and this president put in place policies that will bring those deficits down to a sustainable level over the medium term,” Geithner said in an interview with Bloomberg Television yesterday. He added that the target is reducing the gap to about 3 percent of gross domestic product, from a projected 12.9 percent this year.Absent another asset bubble of some kind - preferably the kind that both Wall Street and the government can get behind, rather than, say, surging commodity prices that hurt as much as they help - it's hard to imagine how the U.S. is going to generate enough economic growth and tax revenue to bring these deficits down anywhere close to what the White House projects in the years ahead.
It’s “critically important” to bring down the American deficit, Geithner said.
In its latest budget request, the administration said it expects the deficit to drop to 8.5 percent of GDP next year, then to 6 percent in 2011. Ultimately, it forecasts deficits that fluctuate between 2.7 percent and 3.4 percent between 2012 and 2019. | <urn:uuid:031fe1b0-d15b-48fb-a32a-965cbf28dc8a> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://themessthatgreenspanmade.blogspot.com/2009/05/gross-vs-geithner-on-us-credit-rating.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988722459.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183842-00343-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961508 | 834 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Turkey has not ruled out the possibility of yet another military intervention in war-torn Syria despite officially announcing the completion of a months-long offensive in the Arab country, claiming that the end of a military operation does not mean that “threats” against Ankara have been eliminated.
“When the need arises and a threat occurs against Turkey's security, Turkey will not hesitate to conduct other operations in order to eliminate this threat,” said Turkish Defense Minister Fikri Isik on Friday, two days after Prime Minister Binali Yildirim announced the end of Turkey’s major military operation on Syrian soil.
In August 2016, Turkey began a unilateral military intervention in northern Syria, code-named Operation Euphrates Shield, sending tanks and warplanes across the border. Ankara claimed that its military campaign was aimed at pushing the Daesh Takfiri terrorist group from Turkey's border with Syria and stopping the advance of Kurdish forces, who were themselves fighting Daesh, but Damascus denounced the operation as a breach of its sovereignty.
“Therefore, the end of Operation Euphrates Shield does not mean the threats against Turkey are completely over,” Isik further told reporters in the eastern Black Sea province of Gumushane.
The Turkish minister also claimed that the operation had cleared 2,000 square kilometers from the presence of Daesh, adding that the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and the Democratic Union Party (PYD)’s “dream of merging cantons” in northern Syria had been crushed. Ankara has listed the PKK, and its Syrian offshoot, the PYD, as terrorist organizations.
“The operation is over, but what needs to be done will continue to be done,” Isik further said.
However, neither Yildirim nor Isik have elaborated on whether Turkish forces would be withdrawn from northern Syria.
Meanwhile, Ibrahim Kalin, the spokesman for Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, echoed Isik’s comments, saying Ankara would not remain “indifferent” to its security and would engage in similar military operations as long as threats persisted.
“We continue to have security measures in the area on the highest level. Turkey will continue its effective fight against terrorist organizations in this region, on the borders and other areas within the framework of both the UN Charter's Article 51 and our national security priorities,” Kalin added. | <urn:uuid:514580fa-2c2d-4d62-9cdf-81bfea7682b9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.presstv.ir/Detail/2017/03/31/516282/Turkey-Syria-Isik-Yildirim-Euphrates-Shield-Daesh-PKK | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.966811 | 493 | 1.5 | 2 |
Posted: March 8, 2016
Written by: LBD.esign
GSF founder, Jacqueline Murekatete, was interviewed by CCTV America on International Women’s Day, a day which is celebrated annually on March 8th and focuses on the celebration of women’s economic, political and social achievements as well as current challenges in the area of women’s rights.
Ms. Murekatete was invited to share her experience as a survivor of the 1994 genocide against the Tutsis in Rwanda and her genocide prevention and human rights work since then.
Ms. Murekatete spoke about the horrors, suffering and loss she endured as a young girl during the genocide simply because of her Tutsi ethnicity, and how that experience transformed her into a passionate advocate for human rights which necessary include the advancement of women’s rights.
Ms. Murekatete was also interviewed about some of the current human rights crises around the world including the crisis in Syria, Burundi, South Sudan, ISIS atrocities in Iraq and beyond, as well as the current refugee crisis and how it should be properly handled. She also had the opportunity to share Genocide Survivors Foundation (GSF)’s current work to raise awareness about genocide and other forms of mass atrocity crimes as well as to raise funds to support vulnerable survivors in their ongoing struggle to rebuild their lives.« Back to News + Blog | <urn:uuid:349bbbfa-6bb7-44f4-8d6c-fd31b878fd9f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://genocidesurvivorsfoundation.org/gsf-founder-interviewed-cctv-america-international-womens-day/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.973633 | 290 | 2.125 | 2 |
Influence of midsole hardness of standard cushioned shoes on running-related injury risk
- Daniel Theisen1,
- Laurent Malisoux1,
- Joakim Genin1,
- Nicolas Delattre2,
- Romain Seil1,3,
- Axel Urhausen1,3
- 1Sports Medicine Research Laboratory, Public Research Centre for Health, Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg
- 2Essensole, Oxylane Research, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
- 3Sports Clinique, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg
- Correspondence to Dr Daniel Theisen, CRP-Santé, 76 rue d'Eich, L-1460 Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg;
- Accepted 23 August 2013
- Published Online First 16 September 2013
Background In this double-blind randomised controlled trial, we tested if leisure-time runners using shoes with less compliant midsoles have a higher running-related injury (RRI) risk.
Method We provided 247 runners with standard running shoes having either a soft study shoes (soft-SS) or a hard study shoes (hard-SS) midsole and followed them prospectively for 5 months regarding RRI. All information about sports practice and injuries was uploaded on a dedicated internet platform and checked for consistency and completeness. RRI was defined as any first-time pain sustained during or as a result of running practice and impeding normal running activity for at least 1 day. Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to identify RRI risk factors.
Result The type of study shoes used for running was not associated with RRIs (HR=0.92; 95% CI 0.57 to 1.48). The hard-SS had a 15% greater overall stiffness in the heel region. The two study groups were similar regarding personal and sports participation characteristics, except for years of running experience, which was higher (p<0.05) in the hard-SS group. Global RRI incidence was 12.1 RRI/1000 h of running. No between-group differences were found regarding injury location, type, severity or category. Nevertheless, the adjusted regression model revealed positive associations with RRI risk for body mass index (HR=1.126; 95% CI 1.033 to 1.227), previous injury (HR=1.735; 95% CI 1.037 to 2.902) and mean session intensity (HR=1.396; 95% CI 1.040 to 1.874). Protective factors were previous regular running activity (HR=0.422; 95% CI 0.228 to 0.779) and weekly volume of other sports activities (HR=0.702; 95% CI 0.561 to 0.879).
Conclusions Midsole hardness of modern cushioned running shoes does not seem to influence RRI risk. | <urn:uuid:02261155-4f88-4b05-ab9c-7113970eb515> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/early/2013/09/16/bjsports-2013-092613.short?rss=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00464-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.901528 | 613 | 1.992188 | 2 |
This is an archived article. For the latest news, go to the Advance Homepage.
For more archives, go to the Advance Archive/Search Page.
Ecologist Compares Landscape of
Today with Thoreau's Time
October 4, 1999
Students and faculty enjoyed a scenery change September 23, packing Konover Auditorium instead of classrooms and offices, for a photographic lecture by ecologist David R. Foster.
Presenting slides that compared the present Massachusetts landscape to that recorded by transcendentalist and naturalist Henry David Thoreau in the mid 1800s, Foster said that "understanding the history of New England's woodlands helps us understand the present."
In Thoreau's time, he said, agricultural lands dominated New England, restricting trees to small wood lots used mostly for fuel. But as the population centralized in urban areas during the industrial revolution, farmlands were abandoned and forests returned.
"We've gone from a situation in which states like Connecticut, Massachusetts, and even New Hampshire had only 35 to 50 percent forest coverage in the mid-19th century to situations where they now have 60 to 90 percent forest coverage," said Foster, director of the Harvard Forest.
Showing slides of population density in Massachusetts, he explained that while urban areas in and around Boston, Worcester and Springfield had increasing population densities, the rest of Massachusetts had considerably lower population densities after the industrial revolution. This allowed the less densely populated areas to become naturally reforested, despite overall state population growth.
Foster said there has been a change in scientific attitudes toward forest fires. Relying on tree growth ring samples from the region as historical records, and his extensive research, he
suggested that forest fires are actually beneficial. "Fires occur frequently in many of these landscapes," he said. "Many of those fires in fact are caused by natural ignition, by lightning, and fires may actually be an essential and integral part of the planet's forests."
He said forest fires diversify a landscape and allow more plant and animal species to thrive. Caribou, for instance, find havens in recently burned areas where they find lichen growing in abundance to eat. In addition, forest fires consume insulating ground layers of humus, exposing the nutrient-rich soil below, and promoting rapid forest re-growth.
Criticizing previously over-zealous fire control measures, Foster said, "By eliminating fire, we actually disturbed the (ecological) system."
Scientists are now using history to understand how frequently fires occur, and are then allowing it to occur naturally, he said, yet Thoreau documented the benefits of forest fires 125 years before the U.S. Natural Park Service incorporated beneficial fire management into its program.
Foster urged the audience to keep a global perspective in mind. New Englanders used to maintain farms and reap local natural resources, but now rely more on natural resources imported from other regions in the world, he said.
'We are living an environmental lie,' he said, adding that, despite landscape recovery in the United States, it is not true that the world's forested environments are improving.
The lecture was the first in this year's Edwin Way Teale Lecture Series on nature and the environment.
John S. Paulhus | <urn:uuid:7211646c-22e9-49c9-8ce0-a9c308e674ab> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.advance.uconn.edu/1999/991004/10049907.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00138-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948053 | 669 | 3.21875 | 3 |
Ian Patrick, FISM News
The Treasury Department said that the funds used in their Social Security programs will run out a year sooner than expected due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The two funds specifically linked to Social Security that will be affected are the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and the Disability Insurance.
The Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund, paid to retired government employees, is now projected to run out in 2033 paying only 76% of its scheduled receivers. The Disability Insurance Trust Fund, paid to Americans who cannot work due to a disability, is now expected to run out in 2057 which is eight years sooner than previously expected. Both insurances are separate under the law, but combined their total reserves will be depleted in 2034 which is one year earlier than the Treasury reported in 2020.
The Medicare Hospital Insurance Fund reserves remains stagnant as the Treasury reported that it will still run out in 2026.
The recent change in funding depletion is, according to the Treasury, because of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. According to a Department of Health and Human Services official speaking with Reuters, the reason for the increased depletion of funds “is the higher mortality rate from COVID-19, which reduces some long-term care costs, offset by higher expected healthcare costs for people weakened by the virus.”
Beyond that, the past year has also seen an increase in retirement, a shrinking workforce, and an increase in inflation – all of which has put more strain on the funds. | <urn:uuid:1221cd5e-2ab3-45b5-8b0a-fd0d8a0471a3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fism.tv/treasury-department-says-social-security-funds-will-dry-up-sooner-thanks-to-covid-19/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.967142 | 309 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Communicating with parents and teachers online through school erp or apps increases the interconnections between them. Send messages, alerts and notifications for the entire school, a single class or group of students or a single student.
School Information in Real Time
Saves time consumed in posting any notice or other information to the parents. It can help you parents know what is the progress that your child is making in school. Regular and prompt availability of school updates through articles, discussion forums, image gallery and messaging system
Esay to Use
Easy way to send a message. Online access for registered user to see the status of their student. Parents Can Check The Status Of An Application.
SMS & Email
Communication Management System of School ERP is a bridge between parents and teachers and school management. It is empowered with email and SMS communication tools. Parents and Teachers can send and receive messages for student's behavior, studies and preparation, achievements. | <urn:uuid:e43925cf-9074-46b0-83bf-1f82f1cddaf4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://candoursystems.com/school-erp-parent-software.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.929029 | 191 | 1.632813 | 2 |
What are the risks of nuclear power plants in wartime?
- The conflict between Russia and Ukraine is unprecedented in terms of nuclear safety. It is the first armed conflict in a country with a major nuclear programme: Ukraine derives about 50% of its energy from fission.
- A plant can be damaged in a number of ways: breaching missiles, a power cut leading to core meltdowns, etc. This can have serious consequences for the environment and the health of the population. This can have serious consequences for the population and the surrounding nature.
- Moreover, no specific treaty exists to deal with this threat. However, Protocol I and II of the Geneva Convention allow for “norms” of behaviour in wartime that should be respected.
- One of the most effective ways to minimise the risks would be to create a demilitarised zone around nuclear power plants to protect the population.
The recent occupation of two nuclear sites in Ukraine by Russian forces has highlighted the importance of monitoring such facilities in wartime. This is the first armed conflict in a country with a major nuclear programme: Ukraine derives about 50% of its energy from fission.
The world’s nuclear power plants were built in peacetime and were not designed to withstand all types of bombing. In times of conflict, the radiation monitoring devices of these facilities can be disconnected by the attacker, making it difficult to monitor the levels of radiation in the surrounding environment in real time in case of a problem.
In Ukraine, the country’s nuclear regulator informed the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) of its difficulties in communicating with staff at the Zaporizhzhia plant (one of the sites that is occupied), following the deactivation of some mobile networks and because Russian forces blocked the internet1. The IAEA considers that this situation is contrary to one of the seven pillars2 of nuclear safety3.
The dangers of spent fuel
A nuclear power plant can be damaged in a number of ways during a war: missiles can hit safety-critical reactor equipment – for example, breach the reactor containment and impact the core cooling systems, causing radioactive material to be dispersed over a wide geographical area; the power or water supply to a nuclear reactor can be disabled, leading to core meltdowns (as happened in the Fukushima accident)4. However, the Zaporizhzhia reactors are of relatively modern design and, unlike the Chernobyl reactor, are enclosed in a pressurised steel vessel, which is itself housed in a massive pre-stressed concrete containment structure. Such a structure is very robust.
Any damage to spent fuel assemblies – as a result of bombing, for example – could lead to a radiological emergency.
Nuclear reactors contain spent fuel during operation. Spent fuel contains an accumulation of highly radioactive fission products, including iodine, caesium and strontium. Any damage to spent fuel assemblies – as a result of bombing, for example – could lead to a radiological emergency (defined as a situation in which there is a risk of abnormal exposure to workers and the population living nearby).
Nuclear reactors are housed in buildings made of robust materials. They also boast a number of safety systems to ensure that the core remains cool, even if some of the systems are destroyed. That said, they were primarily designed to withstand a falling aircraft, for example, but not high-intensity projectiles, such as those used in warfare.
International regimes and treaties
The possibility of a nuclear risk in Ukraine is of concern to the United Nations Security Council, which held an emergency meeting in early March. The US ambassador said at that session that the attack on the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant “poses a serious threat to the world5”. In addition, the IAEA Board of Governors adopted a resolution condemning the Russian invasion and calling for Ukraine to regain control of its nuclear facilities. This resolution was in line with an earlier UN General Assembly resolution6.
The risk of nuclear reactor facilities being attacked in wartime has long been of concern7 and the international regime relating to attacks on nuclear reactors and associated facilities8 includes a number of treaties, agreements and “standards of conduct”.
No specific treaty
There is, however, no specific treaty, even though there have been a number of attacks on reactors in recent decades91011. However, as early as 1956, the International Red Cross proposed “immunity from attack for installations”, including nuclear power plants, where the attack might endanger civilian populations. This proposal eventually led to an amendment to Protocol I of the Geneva Convention12. Thus, even in the absence of treaties, this protocol and Protocol II13, as well as the other rules mentioned above, prohibit such attacks because they have created “norms” of international behaviour that should be respected.
The IAEA, for its part, has long recognised the need to prohibit armed attacks on nuclear facilities. In 1987, the Agency’s General Conference adopted a resolution concerning the protection of such facilities. It stressed that the consequences of a radioactive release would be widespread – literally – as it would affect territories within and beyond the borders of the attacked country. The Agency also highlighted the need to reach an international agreement on this issue14.
Although many experts do not want to be too alarmist15, wars are, by nature, unpredictable. According to Najmedin Meshkati16 of the University of Southern California, the only way to avoid a catastrophe is to establish demilitarised zones around nuclear power plants. “The IAEA, for example, should ask the attacking country to declare a no-fight zone around these facilities and, most importantly, allow plant operators to rotate their crews so that they can rest because human error is a major factor in such a situation,” he says. “The operators, who are the first and last line of defence in these facilities, work under conditions of intense wartime stress while worrying about their families and loved ones and the general consequences of war”17.
Veronika Ustohalova18 of the Öko-Institut in Germany adds that the power supply to a reactor must be maintained in the event of an attack, something that could be difficult to do in wartime, to ensure the reactor continues to be cooled and so avoid core meltdown. “During a conflict the safest solution is to shut down all nuclear reactors,” she says. “The problem is that in discussions on nuclear safety, violent conflicts or wars have so far been considered unlikely or not addressed at all,” she points out. “There is no international set of rules defining the criteria by which nuclear reactors in war zones should be shut down.”
Moreover, international norms may be difficult to enforce when the violating party is a major power.
The safety of French nuclear power plants
In terms of nuclear safety, Olivier Gupta, Director General of the French Nuclear Safety Authority (ASN) and President of the Western European Nuclear Regulators Association (WENRA) explains in an article published in Les Echos on 13 March that “WENRA and other international bodies have proposed support for the Ukrainian Nuclear Safety Authority, but it is not easy to implement”19.
In the event of a serious accident, there are actions to protect the population that could be implemented: “What could lead to the most severe accident, with the most releases into the environment, is a scenario with a core meltdown in an active plant. Based on the work carried out in 2014 following the Fukushima accident, it can be estimated that in the event of a very serious accident, without damage to the reactor building, it might be necessary to evacuate the population within a five-kilometre radius and to shelter those living within a 20-kilometre radius. If, on the other hand, we imagine an accident with loss of the reactor containment, we would have to extend these zones to 20 kilometres and 100 kilometres.”
An exclusion zone ensures that no one is exposed in the first few hours in the event of a core melt.
Karine Herviou, Deputy Director General in charge of the Nuclear Safety Unit at the IRSN (Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire) adds, “most of the world’s reactors were reinforced [following the Fukushima accident] in the event of a loss of electricity. There are several lines of defence before core meltdown occurs. A reactor can self-power for a certain period of time and there are emergency generators with an autonomy of about ten days. Some of them are bunkered – that is, they are protected from the outside. These generators require fuel to operate; the sites have reserves to operate for about ten days.”
“Obviously, if external power cannot be restored and the site cannot be refuelled, there is a risk of core meltdown. However, some Ukrainian plants have an advantage over Fukushima: they boast systems that filter out radioactive releases – such as the radioisotope caesium, for example – in the event of a core meltdown. The loss of power supplies is a risk in a war situation that cannot be excluded. Indeed, this is one of the most important risks for us: the loss of power.”
What about the time it takes to cool down the plant in case of a grid failure, to remove the rods and allow the units to be shut down? “It takes months, even years. The proof is that the discharged assemblies, at cycle end, must be cooled for three years before they can be transported. They are then stored again in the pools at La Hague, where they are cooled once more.” The threat is therefore serious.
“An exclusion zone ensures that no one is exposed in the first few hours in the event of a core melt. Depending on the elements released and the radius of the exclusion zone, it may be necessary to take protective actions beyond this zone. There will be restrictions on the consumption and marketing of foodstuffs at least.”
“The power plant operating conditions are also important: the teams in place need peace of mind to work. In a war situation this is obviously not the case. This is another major risk for a reactor in a country at war.”
The conclusion is not a happy one: nuclear power plants are not compatible with war. As things stand, that the attacking power does not target nuclear facilities is perhaps all we can hope for. However, a site like Zaporizhzhia can also be considered unattackable for this very reason: the risk of a major nuclear accident. Indeed, after taking control in early March, the Russians immediately installed tanks and ammunition depots inside the plant because they were convinced that the Ukrainian army would never dare attack the site with heavy weapons20. | <urn:uuid:5c43979c-00d3-44d3-92f8-d570c7cb0d45> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.polytechnique-insights.com/en/columns/geopolitics/how-to-protect-nuclear-power-plants-in-wartime/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.953455 | 2,236 | 3.453125 | 3 |
How to Design an Ad Campaign
Random, sporadic and inconsistent themed advertising can waste marketing dollars and be ineffective in building sales. Small business owners are often tempted to making these errors in ad planning due to unrealistic expectations and assessment of results.
Learn how to design an ad campaign for greater effectiveness and efficiency.
Establishing Advertising Campaign Goals
Again referring to What is an Advertising Campaign?, measurement of results can be a challenge. So establishing realistic and relevant goals is a critical first step in designing an ad campaign.
The following metrics can be measured and are legitimate results of advertising efforts. Goals can be set for any or all of them.
- Total Sales: Either a dollar value sales goal or a percentage of increase in sales.
- Product Sales: Either a dollar value sales goal, number of units or a percentage of increase in sales.
- Number of Sales: Number of sales made which can be a good indicator of level of response. If very few sales are realized, but total sales are high, can indicate the businesses serves only a few active clients, which is a precarious position.
- Traffic: Number of visitors to a website or specific landing page, as well as number of visits that convert into sales. For a physical location, daily number of visitors and/or daily number of visitors who actually buy.
- Promotions Redeemed: Number of coupons or discounts redeemed.
- Inquiries: Number of inquiries for the business overall or for particular products and services.
Deciding on a realistic goal for each of these metrics is difficult for new businesses or if no tracking of this sort has been done in the past for an existing business. So there will be some trial and error, especially in the first year.
However, regardless of the age of the business, goals should be set for an ENTIRE YEAR and performance should be reviewed at the end of the year (fiscal or calendar, depending on which is applicable to the business). Intermittent reporting should be done daily, weekly, monthly and quarterly. Daily or weekly may be too frequent for some businesses, but monthly or quarterly monitoring should be the minimum monitoring intervals so that campaign course corrections can be made if needed.
Media choices include:
- Television and radio broadcast advertising
- Yellow Pages and similar directories
- Internet advertising
Choosing the media in which to advertise should be based on where the target audience is. Target audiences are selected based on their demographics. When targeting business-to-business (B2B) customers, business demographics are used.
Take a look at the media's media kit (sometimes called a rate card) for details on their audience, available advertising opportunities and costs.
Some media are audited to verify audience size. One of the most recognized auditing organizations is BPA Worldwide. Be aware that many local, niche and trade media may not be audited; however, they may be a perfect fit for many audiences. Even though they are not audited, they usually can provide data on the audience they reach.
Advertisements can be purchased direct from the media, through a media buyer or through an advertising agency. Media buyers and advertising agencies earn a commission on advertisements and may charge fees for advertisement creation and consulting.
Once media are chosen, a calendar of advertising placements can be created.
The Ad Campaign Calendar
Ideally, continuous running advertising should be done to maintain a presence with target audiences. During special promotion periods, regular advertising can be redesigned to include the special offer or additional advertisements can be purchased specifically for the promotion.
For special promotions, advertising should run prior to and throughout the promotion period. Pre-promotion ads should run at least a few days to a few weeks prior to the program's launch. Running too early runs the risk of people forgetting about it. Running too late or not often enough during the promotion period may not give people enough time to respond, thereby lowering response.
How many ads and how frequently they will be run depends on the goals of the campaign and special promotional advertising that will be needed. There are no hard and fast rules for frequency and each business is different.
A simple paper calendar, wall planning calendar or electronic spreadsheet can be used to map out the advertising placement schedule. It is also a handy reference during the advertising post-campaign review process.
During the third or fourth quarter of the year (fiscal or calendar), a review of the annual results achieved from advertising should be done so that changes, if needed, can be made for the following year.
Campaign course corrections may also be made throughout the year if significant problems are encountered during monthly or quarterly reviews. However, resist the temptation to make changes until the campaign has been running for a reasonable amount of time. Advertising can take months, or even years, to realize goals.
This article is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge. Content is for informational or entertainment purposes only and does not substitute for personal counsel or professional advice in business, financial, legal, or technical matters.
© 2013 Heidi Thorne | <urn:uuid:f24eb11f-f93a-4711-84dd-0c8e4e1befeb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hubpages.com/business/How-to-Design-an-Ad-Campaign | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.94302 | 1,044 | 2.03125 | 2 |
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New marker for Alzheimer's discovered14.09.2009 - (idw) University of Gothenburg
Gothenburg researchers have discovered a previously unknown substance in spinal fluid that can be used to diagnose Alzheimer's disease. The findings, described in a thesis from the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, will also be useful in research on new medications.
The substance is a beta-amyloid protein called Abeta16. The thesis shows in two independent studies that Alzheimer's patients have higher levels of the protein in their spinal fluid than do healthy individuals.
'The discovery of the new protein could be used to diagnose patients with Alzheimer's and also help determine which medications are most effective for the disease', says biochemist Erik Portelius, the author of the thesis.
Alzheimer's disease includes the formation of plaque on the brain. Neurons and other cell types form around 20 different beta-amyloid proteins, and these are excreted into the spinal fluid around the brain.
'These types of beta-amyloid proteins can be analysed with great precision, and our research team has also shown that the analyses can be used to distinguish between Alzheimer's patients and healthy individuals with a high degree of accuracy', says Portelius.
The beta-amyloid protein Abeta42 is particularly prevalent in the plaque. Abeta42 is created when a larger protein is cut into pieces by certain enzymes. The new Alzheimer's drugs that are currently being tested aim to reduce the production of Abeta42 by blocking these enzymes. Portelius found that these drugs increase the level of the newly discovered Abeta16.
'Abeta42 and Abeta16 are formed from the same precursor molecule, but the enzymatic process is different and Abeta16 is not harmful. The finding that Abeta16 is a very sensitive biomarker for the effect of these drugs may become very useful in future treatment studies', says Portelius.
The research was conducted in the proteomics lab at the neurochemistry unit in Mölndal, Sweden.
ABOUT ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
Alzheimer's disease is one of our most common diseases, affecting more than 100 000 Swedes. The disease is caused by harmful changes in the nerve cells of the brain. Memory loss is very common, and so is premature death. Alzheimer's not only causes severe suffering among patients and their families, it also leads to enormous costs for society.
For more information, please contact:
Erik Portelius, biochemist, telephone +46 (0)31 343 23 90, +46 (0)70 480 00 59, firstname.lastname@example.org
Professor Kaj Blennow, telephone +46 (0)31 343 17 91, email@example.com
Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Medical Science at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry.
Title of the thesis: Targeted ABeta proteomics - a tool to study the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease
Link to thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/2077/20444 - thesis
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<a href="http://www.uni-protokolle.de/nachrichten/id/183889/">New marker for Alzheimer's discovered </a> | <urn:uuid:60203d2d-b3ca-40c0-9f0b-57366055cc22> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.uni-protokolle.de/nachrichten/id/183889/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00146-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.888467 | 742 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Posted: 18/08/2015 at 19:38
Must say i have never found them in the house, i notice the holes that the adults make and find the grubs YUK!!! in pot compost eg with Primroses, Heukara, sorry about spelling, you will notice that the potted plant not doing very well , turn upside down to remove plant from pot , no roots and little C shaped grubs look at you and smile, dinner very tastie.
You can buy a liquid that will do the job of dispatching the said grub.
So look out pot plants that are not doing well, | <urn:uuid:1a5e2009-2afd-46b7-a169-e20e7a992edd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.gardenersworld.com/members/holedigger/chat/page/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00022-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949404 | 128 | 1.679688 | 2 |
A Virus Writer is a type of human trash that spends their free time creating computer viruses that hurt millions and even billions of people worldwide. Their goal is to create a computer virus that causes so much damage; that the news talks about the event; then the Virus Writer gets Bragging Rights. So they cause millions of people's computers to crash and die. They cause companies to lose millions of dollars in lost revenue; that is then past onto the ordinary consumer to help recoup those lost costs. All so these pieces of trash can brag to some people that most likely they never met offline. Computer Viruses come in several form; ranging from just a simple Annoyance, to completely destroying computers and servers, even to identity Theft. Virus Writer tend to be weak, pathetic, computer nerds. People too pathetic to commit a crime in person. So instead of offering the world something great; some brand new unique idea; or form of help. Virus Writers end up causing the world to be just that one step closer to being Hell On Earth. Some Conspiracy Theories revolve around the idea that the bulk of viruses are created by companies that directly profit from creating systems aimed to stop the damage caused by computer viruses (Anti-Virus/Firewall/Spyware Detectors/Ect). Because without the threat of viruses and hackers, these companies have no business to profit from. Most computer viruses are created from viruses that have already been created in the past. The writer just gets a hold of an old virus that was successful in causing all types of damage; then they just modify it a bit to fit their new needs. A lot of Virus Writer are children and teens. The instruction of Computer Repair and Programming are very common in schools today. So the threat from computer viruses is not only, (NOT) going to die down, it is going to get much, much worse as these children and teens explore a field that was once limited to only a handful of computer savvy users. And seeing as both children and teens don't yet have a very well established sense of what these types of viruses can do; this only adds fuel to the fire. Virus Writer are no longer content with causing problems with computers; they are moving more and more into PDA's and Cell Phones. As these devices become more common; scum bags see a new way to harass and hurt people. The very popular iPhone PDA has already started to fall under attack from these types of virtues. Companies like Microsoft envision a persons automobile and house one day being controlled remotely by computers. The idea is that the owner can control Lights, TV's, Alarms, ect using software and a PDA. If this comes to be, Virus Writers will surely follow suit with new ways created chaos. Maybe even crashing a server that controls an entire house or automobile. So until Virus Writers are forced to face much more severe consequences for their actions; the rest of us will continue, AS ALWAYS, to suffer due to the acts of these criminals.
I wish I could travel through a computer monitor. Then I could beat the ever loving S**T out of that scum bag Virus Writer who crashed my secondary hard drive!! $150 wasted because some piece of trash thought it would be funny to create a computer virus! God, please give me this 1 gift! Pretty Please!!!
by Russell Sheppard August 04, 2008 | <urn:uuid:336bb8c0-c304-4355-afd6-16a5eed36c14> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Virus%20Writer | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00358-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962568 | 683 | 2.234375 | 2 |
In this guide checkout how to install Flashtool and how to use it to flash firmware files on Xperia Devices – complete guide
Similar to the Odin for Samsung Devices, there is a flashtool for Sony Xperia Devices. This tool is called as Flashtool and is used to flash ftf files to the device. This tool may come in handy when you mess up with your device, such as you have soft bricked your device and want to flash stock firmware again. The other purpose of this tool includes rooting, updating to latest firmware etc.,
So if you are Xperia user and want to flash or root or experiment with your device then you can use this flashtool, and for that follow the below guide to install flashtool on your windows PC, and how to use it.
You need to Download the following files to get all things work, so go ahead and download the required files from the below links.
- Download Flashtool and install it on your PC.
- Install Sony Drivers and for that get Sony PC Companion.
- Mac Users download Sony Bridge for Sony drivers.
How to Use Flashtool:
- Once you are done with downloading and installing of the above files, you will see a folder named “Flashtool” in your C drive or drive which you selected while installing the Flashtool software.
- If you open that folder you will see the folders like Custom, Devices, Firmware and Drivers. The device folder contains list of supported devices.
- The firmware is the folder where you copy all the ftf files, which you want to flash on your device.
- If you face any issues while flashing the files on your device, then you can install the Flashtool-drivers from devices folder.
- To install the drivers open the Flashtool-drivers and in select components to install select Flashmode Drivers and Fastboot Drivers and follow the onscreen instructions.
- Once the drivers are installed you are ready to go and flash the firmware files onto your device.
- In order to flash ftf file onto your device, first of all download the .ftf firmware file for your device and copy it inside the firmware folder.
- Run the Flashtool.exe.
- In the Flashtool application hit the lightening (thunder bolt) button on the top left. Now it will ask to select either Flashmode or Fastboot mode. We need to select Flashmode as we are going to flash the .ftf package.
- Now it will ask you to select the firmware or the file which you want to flash to your device and under wipe select the options according to your needs.
- I recommend not to mess up with the Exclude options.
- Once all the settings are done hit Flash at the bottom. Now all the firmware files are loaded and show the log.
- Once the files are loaded you will be prompted to connect your device to PC in Flashmode.
- To enter into Flashmode, power off your device and press the Volume Down key and connect your device to PC, while the Volume Down key is pressed. Now a green LED blinks, showing you that you are on Flashmode. If you want to enter into Fastboot mode Press the Volume Up key and connect your device to PC while the key is pressed. For older device back key will work for Flashmode and the menu key will work for Fastboot mode.
- Once the device is connected, the flashing process will start, wait for the flashing process to finish.
That’s it now you have successfully installed the Flashtool on your PC and learnt how to use it. Do let us know in the comment section if you face any issues and we will try our best to help you out. | <urn:uuid:a19a7235-51dc-481e-bb9b-38de172bce73> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.gadgetsacademy.com/how-to-install-flashtool-and-use-windows/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00337-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.877119 | 764 | 1.5 | 2 |
The Cutting Right to the Chase flash fiction series
Detective short stories in under 1000 words detailing unusual crimes set in beautiful Tursenia, Italy
If you look about and keep your eyes peeled, you’ll find out that crime is always around you. In Tursenia, former MET officer Chase Williams finds crime in everybody’s pocket, in their fingers, in their actions.
The Cutting Right to the Chase series features detective short stories about everyday unusual crimes happening in Tursenia, an Etruscan city in the heart of Italy.
Chase relocated there to forget his troubled life in London, but his sleuthing instinct can’t keep him from snooping around.
The 1000 words per story is a winning formula: those detective short stories are perfect to read between two longer novels, whilst commuting or to have a quick break in your reading routine.
Have a taste of Italy with a twist of mystery: discover the amazing Tursenia and its unusual crimes with Chase.
What readers say about the Cutting Right to the Chase detective short stories series
“I can’t recall ever having read flash fiction stories containing such clever, vivid descriptions as those in “Chase.”
Steve Silver at Silver Screen Videos
“Fascinating everyday mysteries for a charming character”
Domizia, reader on Amazon.com
“A small literary experiment that deserves praise apart from all the rest“
Carla Monticelli, sci-fi author
“It is a lively collection of detective stories with diverse themes and characters which readers will find exciting.” | <urn:uuid:4ac37619-94e2-4b5d-b76c-958a184234df> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://eraniapinnera.com/detective-short-stories-series/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.922326 | 346 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Shipping is one of the most important factors customers look at when deciding whether to make a purchase. For Etsy sellers, creating an effective and competitive shipping strategy is a key part of running your online business.
The first step in creating your shipping strategy is to go over all your shipping logistics. There are many options to consider including carriers, pricing, and pickup, drop-off, or delivery preferences.
Whether you dispatch your orders yourself, or use a third party to help with fulfillment, as an Etsy seller, you're responsible for ensuring orders are sent to buyers.
When creating a shipping strategy:
- Consider what shipping delivery options and timelines will work well for you, your products, and your customers.
- Create a workflow with expectations that you can easily meet, even during high volume times. This includes setting realistic processing times for your items.
- Gather shipping materials, like packaging and boxes or envelopes.
- Consider using sustainable shipping supplies with Eco-Friendly Packaging.
- Create your shipping policies.
- Set up your shipping profiles.
- Set aside time regularly to fulfill orders, manage shipments, and update customers.
How to ship on Etsy
Fulfilling orders and shipping packages can be a time consuming task, so it’s important to create a strategy that works well for you on an ongoing basis. On Etsy.com, there are several tools to help streamline your shipping workflow, manage shipping options, and communicate easily with customers about shipping updates and arrivals.
How to create shipping profiles
Once your shop is open and you’ve added listings, you can add shipping profiles. With shipping profiles, you can use the same shipping settings for multiple listings, saving time when you are adding products to your shop.
- On Etsy.com, choose Shop Manager.
- Select Settings.
- Select Shipping settings.
- Choose the Shipping profiles tab.
- Choose Add a shipping profile.
When setting up shipping profiles, if you’re a seller in the US or Canada, you can also choose to use calculated shipping when shipping with particular carriers. Calculated shipping uses your location, the buyer’s location, and the item’s size and weight to automatically generate shipping costs for orders. Learn more about calculated shipping.
Setting competitive shipping prices
When setting shipping rates, it’s important to consider how to be competitive and entice buyers. High shipping prices can make customers less likely to buy. In fact, shoppers on Etsy are 20% more likely to complete their purchase when the item ships for free.
On Etsy, you can also sign up to offer a free shipping guarantee which will give your products priority placement in US shoppers’ Etsy search results. A free shipping guarantee lets shoppers in the US know that they won’t pay added shipping costs on orders totaling $35 or over that ship within or to the US.
You can use the optional smart pricing tool to you adjust item prices to recover shipping costs if you decide to offer free shipping. How you set prices for your shop is up to you.
Using Etsy shipping labels
Sellers in the US, UK, Canada, and Australia can buy shipping labels directly through Etsy. Shipping labels save valuable time allowing you to print your labels at home and automatically generating information to share with the customer like tracking numbers and estimated delivery details. Learn more about shipping labels on Etsy.
For sellers in other countries, you can purchase shipping labels through your preferred shipping carrier. Many shipping carriers offer shipping labels that you can purchase online and print at home.
Using a shipping label purchased on Etsy can increase your chances of becoming a Star Seller.
How to set up shipping policies
After you set up your shipping strategy, it’s important to communicate policies in your shop policies page.
Tips for communicating shipping policies:
- List the carriers you use for shipping
- Be clear about the delivery options available to shoppers
- Be transparent about return shipping policies if you have them. For example, include if you or the buyer will pay for return shipping.
Learn more about shipping in the Ultimate Guide to Shipping.
Enroll in an Etsy U class to learn about managing a successful shop from experienced sellers.
There are some common issues that can occur when shipping a buyer’s order.
If you’ve already sent the buyer’s order, you can complete it and add tracking information, if it’s available.
Select an issue to learn more:
If you’re having trouble with a buyer’s shipping address, contact the buyer through Messages to verify the correct information. Etsy doesn’t have buyer information that isn’t submitted on an order.
If the buyer sends you their correct information, you can use that information to purchase postage. Unless you use Etsy shipping labels, you can't edit their address on Etsy.
If you can’t get in touch with a buyer to correct their address, you can cancel the order. Choose the … icon by the order and select Issue a refund. You must issue a full refund to cancel an order. Then select the … icon again and choose Cancel a transaction.
The buyer’s address is too long or contains special characters
If an address line has too many characters, you can move some information to the second address line. If characters have non-standard accents or punctuation, you can replace them with non-accented characters without contacting the buyer.
You can edit the buyer’s address when you create their shipping label:
- From your Orders page, choose Get labels on the order you want to edit.
- Select Edit next to Ship to to edit their address.
- Edit the buyer’s address.
- Choose Save.
Then you can complete your label purchase.
Etsy doesn’t collect the buyer’s phone number. If you need the buyer’s phone number, contact the buyer over Messages. Let them know that you need their phone number to complete their delivery information for shipping.
If you use an Etsy shipping label, the order automatically moves to the Completed tab and the buyer is notified that the order is shipped on the date on the shipping label.
If you ship through a different shipping method, you can complete the order. To complete an order:
- Find the order on your Sold tab.
- Select the timer icon on the order, then choose Complete order (if you don’t have custom progress steps, you won't need to choose Complete order after selecting the timer icon).
- You can then:
- Choose a Ship Date. We won’t send a Shipping Notification to your buyer until the package’s Ship Date.
- Add a personal Note to Buyer.
- Add a tracking number, if one was provided by your shipping carrier.
You can include a tracking number when you complete an order.
You can also add new tracking after completing an order on the Completed orders page:
- Select the … (ellipsis) icon next to the order.
- Choose Add tracking.
My USPS tracking information isn’t working
If tracking information isn’t working on USPS’s site, tracking may be provided through Pitney Bowes. We partner with Pitney Bowes to supply tracking information for tracked letters and flat packages. The tracking number won’t work on USPS’s site, but you and the buyer can access tracking information by choosing the tracking link through Etsy.
Etsy won’t accept my tracking information
If you get a “Tracking not supported” error, this may be due to the carrier requiring security validation on their site. You can send track through a link in the "Note to buyer" or a Message.
The order status is incorrect
If an order was delivered, but is showing the incorrect status, this is usually an issue with how the status is displayed. The shipment status displayed on Etsy can't be edited, but this doesn't affect payment for the order and the buyer will still able to leave feedback.
If you receive an EU order that requires this number, you can see this on your Orders & Shipping page and in your order confirmation emails.
Use Etsy’s IOSS number only for this purpose and ask your courier to electronically submit this info (instead of writing it on your package or label), if available.
The currency on the packing slip will be the buyer’s preferred currency. This can be different than the currency of their country or your shop. The order receipt displays your shop’s currency.
While shipping issues can happen, by working with the buyer on a solution, you can often ease a frustrating situation and use it to build customer loyalty. You can offer a refund, replacement, and/or work with the shipping service to file a claim if you purchased insurance. As the sender, you’ll need to file a claim for insurance coverage. If you purchased an Etsy shipping label, learn how to file an insurance claim.
Work with the buyer and advise them to check in with their local post office as well as their neighbors.
In the event that the buyer files a non delivery case, we need to see proof the item was shipped to the address on the Etsy receipt or the address agreed upon in Etsy Messages. Comment in the case log with proof of shipping:
- A shipping service receipt
- A tracking number and/or tracking information that shows the package was delivered to the buyer
- A customs form (for international shipments)
- A scanned copy of the delivery confirmation or departure information
Etsy can’t influence a package that’s in transit, nor intervene with shipping carriers. The ideal outcome for any missing or returned order issue is a resolution directly between the buyer and the seller, in which both are satisfied with the outcome. Delivery issues must be resolved between the buyer and seller directly. If you're experiencing an issue with shipping, we suggest working with the buyer through Messages to reach a solution. | <urn:uuid:a309ddba-7f24-430b-a70e-b7366c63cb8c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://help.etsy.com/hc/en-us/articles/360035901534-How-to-Ship-Your-Items-on-Etsy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.907579 | 2,074 | 1.71875 | 2 |
What Is "Three-Dimensionality"?
"Three-Dimensionality," for lack of a better term, refers to the ability of a written document to express ideas and concepts beyond the mere left-to-right and up-and-down (at least in Romantic languages) flow of the words. An example of this is footnotes; these allow the author of a document to elaborate on a specific idea that would not contribute effectively to the main document. To a certain degree, any hyperlink can be viewed as providing "three-dimensionality," as it provides an intersection to another document that details a specific aspect of the current document.
What Is Pipe Linking?
Pipe linking, on the other hand, is an aspect of everything2 that allows users to link between documents. For those unfamiliar, a pipe link is a method of linking between two writeups on everything2 in which the text of the link says something different than what one is actually linking to. For example, this is a pipe link and so is this one. Adding a pipe link to a writeup is simple. To add a normal link, you would write [Fight Club] in a writeup, and the result would be Fight Club. However, a pipe link is a bit different; to add a pipe link, you would write something like [Vanilla Ice|Word To Your Mutha], and the resulting link would be Word To Your Mutha. For more info on this, read e2 faq: integrate your writeups.
Another useful feature of pipe links is that with modern web browsers (and Internet Explorer, too), the actual "target" of the pipe link (in other words, the node you would go to when you click on the link) is shown as a tool tip by default, so you can comprehend what exactly the pipe link is linking to.
How Do They Relate?
Essentially, you can use pipe links to provide "three-dimensionality" to your writeups. This can go in the direction of providing additional information about a term that you are using, providing commentary on the noun that you're using, explaining the symbolism of some of the elements of your writeup, providing humor, or providing content that should otherwise be hidden. Here are some examples:
Providing additional information
Jennifer's excellent writeup about 9/11 inspired me greatly.
Above, many regulars may know immediately from the sentence above that I am referring to the amazing The Three Men I Admired Most: Manhattan, 9/11/01, written by e2's very own Jennifer. However, other users might not immediately recall this; with a quick mouseover, however, they are reminded. For newer users who haven't read the writeup, the link allows them to quickly visit the full document.
A quena is quite similar to other woodwinds.
Above, the word other is used to further detail the meaning of woodwind; a quick mouseover will provide greater detail on what exactly a woodwind is.
George W. Bush has a lot in common with Richard Nixon.
Above, the phrase "a lot in common" is appropriately pipe linked to express an opinion toward two Presidents of the United States.
Beck's first album is rather unique.
The "rather unique" pipe link provides a bit of commentary as to an opinion on Beck's first album (which I actually quite like).
Providing symbolism annotation
Arnie headed downstairs to the security compound and began to look through the checkin-checkout records for the last several days.
Above, the linked terms provide assistance in understanding the symbolism of the scene. More examples of this can be taken from my writeup, The envelope.
My significant other says I can't go.
Above is a bad attempt at humor, but it gets across the general idea of using pipe links for humorous content. Examining the pipe links in order will provide the joke.
Providing "hidden" content
You could always use the Konami code if you want 30 lives.
This technique allows you to encode information that you might not otherwise want people to see. For instance, the above sentence would work well for me: I wouldn't want to know such a code, but if it were laid in front of me, I would be tempted to use it. This way, I can find it if I want with just a mouseover.
The above are just examples of methods for using pipe links to provide another dimension to your writeups. A well-pipe linked writeup provides more information and entertainment than one without these techniques, and is more likely to receive the interest of other denizens of e2.
In addition, reading of e2 faq: integrate your writeups is strongly recommended.
This is a nodeshell rescue that a new user asked me about. I felt that it deserved a writeup. | <urn:uuid:0936df0c-876c-4618-af79-2555fd071f26> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://everything2.com/title/Pipe+links+and+three-dimensionality | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00072-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940168 | 1,004 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Optimal Control of an Epidemic through Social Distancing
33 Pages Posted: 4 Jun 2020 Last revised: 25 Jul 2022
Date Written: July 28, 2020
We analyze how to optimally engage in social distancing (SD) in order to minimize the spread of an infectious disease. We identify conditions under which the optimal policy is single-peaked, i.e., first engages in increasingly more social distancing and subsequently decreases its intensity. We show that the optimal policy might delay measures that decrease the transmission rate substantially to create "herd-immunity'' and that engaging in social distancing sub-optimally early can increase the number of fatalities. Finally, we find that optimal social distancing can be an effective measure in substantially reducing the death rate of a disease.
Funding Information: Philipp Strack was supported by a Sloan fellowship.
Conflict of Interests: MISSING
Keywords: Social Distancing, SIR model, Time-Optimal Control of an Epidemic
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation | <urn:uuid:2a364a58-c47b-42c2-937d-348d0a9ae75e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3581295 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.904723 | 219 | 2.4375 | 2 |
AB 2343, a California bill by The Humane Society of the U.S. is the outcome of a “white paper,” entitled, “Charting a Path Forward: Reaching California’s policy to save all adoptable and treatable animals,” which was a joint project by HSUS, Found Animals Foundation, and a nebulous stakeholders group.
Some of the major animal shelters in California were not involved in developing the “white paper” or were initially invited but dropped out after realizing the philosophy governing the proposal to regulate California animal shelters was not workable—and in some cases violated property rights of pet owners--and their input on the realities of the law and the demands of sheltering thousands of animals were disregarded.
Popular VideoMiranda Lambert saw the sign a veteran was holding up at her concert, she immediately broke down in tears:
Popular VideoMiranda Lambert saw the sign a veteran was holding up at her concert, she immediately broke down in tears:
In a rebuttal to the stakeholder’s group “white paper,” a Coalition of Public and Private Animal Welfare Agencies responded, “While the document states that it reached out to ‘one hundred eleven leaders from 63 animal care agencies (both public and nonprofit)’, the concerns relayed by these professionals are not reflected in the actual document; they may have been heard, but they were in fact dismissed.”
Another divisive factor was that the underlying premise of the “white paper” was that animal shelters are evil and only want to kill animals.
Best Friends blog by Francis Batista on September 17, regarding the “white paper”, affirms, “The topline conclusion that I drew from the white paper should be no surprise. The California state shelter system fails homeless pets on almost every front.”
FROM “WHITE PAPER” TO AB 2343
AB 2343 has been called ‘elitist,’ ‘wilful deceit,’ ‘profound ignorance,’ ‘problematic,’ ‘half-baked,’ ‘self-serving,’ ‘backdoor,’ and ‘misleading,’ (not all in the same sentence or the same document and by those other than shelter directors). It has received criticism by animal-welfare observers such as Nathan Winograd (No Kill Movement) and UCLA Law School Professor Taimie Bryant. Best Friends wrote, “As it stands, we cannot support this bill.”
Some of the critics with no sheltering experience have appointed themselves as the experts who can fix it—as long as the “fix” serves their interests.
One of the main and most obvious factors in the white paper and also in AB 2343 is that both were written by those with no actual shelter-management experience. HSUS has never run a California shelter and, to our knowledge, neither has Found Animals Foundation, which may explain some of the fatal flaws in the Assembly Bill that is being carried by a legislator who is a very caring man, but not a sheltering expert. He undoubtedly trusted that this disguised attempt to destroy the state’s animal-sheltering system is a positive step.
However, Assemblyman Gatto’s staff was warned as early as last November that introducing AB 2343 (as written) was inadvisable. Several “real” experts who have experience with shelter management and the legal ramifications of the bill’s provisions advised top staff members of the dangers to the entire California animal-sheltering system and the political pitfalls.
AB 2343’s GOAL IS TO VILIFY ANIMAL SHELTERS
There is no question that the main goal of AB 2343 is to vilify animal shelters. It is especially significant that concerns for the reality of implementing the complex and incongruous measures in this bill and the safety and welfare of animals have been ignored, in favor of “special interest” provisions and the “special interests within special interests” that merely want animals out of shelters, regardless of the consequences to the animal, such as immediately releasing cats without identification to “rescuers” without a holding period. Not only does that violate personal property rights but it also denies the animal the opportunity to be reunited with its owner. If the cat is believed to be feral (a free-roaming stray) it would undoubtedly be neutered and released back into the streets (re-abandoned.)
HAS WAYNE PACELLE READ AB 2343?
Some have asked if Wayne Pacelle of HSUS is personally aware of the content of AB 2343. If he is not, it is not because the issue has not been brought to his personal attention. On April 8, I sent Wayne a list of the most serious problems that had been prepared by animal control and humane society directors and advised him that we had all voiced similar concerns at the town-hall meetings that were held on the “white paper.” On April 9, I received a return e-mail that asked, “Which aspects are you concerned about, Phyllis?” Did he read the issues presented by the animal control directors—the group which AB 2343 seeks to regulate? I don’t know. But I do know that he had a chance to do so.
A very insightful Sutter’s Friend posting on Facebook responded to the question of whether Wayne Pacelle had read the bill before sending out an e-blast asking for support. This should be read in its entirety by everyone involved with AB 2343. (The link is at the end of this article.)
“Those confused people should consider the possibility that Wayne Pacelle had not actually read AB 2343 before he sent the alert and that he was instead relying on someone else’s judgment about AB 2343. Look at the alert and ask yourself if there is any indication that he read it. Certainly he does not encourage YOU to read AB 2343. He appears to expect blind reliance, perhaps just like his own. A scary possibility is that no one at HSUS other than Jennifer Fearing actually read AB 2343 before that alert went out. And even scarier is the possibility that Assemblymember Mike Gatto has not read AB 2343, either. Similarly, people ask why Tom Hayden would support AB 2343. Yet, there is no indication that Tom Hayden has read or understands AB 2343.”
“… animals deserve better than that. Animals cannot read; they cannot write letters objecting to the terrible laws that can be enacted too easily…We have to be extra conscientious on behalf of animals because people who claim to act on animals’ behalf often betray them, intend to harm them, or are well-intentioned but clueless about how they are harming animals. Every single one of us needs to put his butt in a chair and patiently read legislation and think about it. Animals deserve our conscientious attention.”
DID MIKE GATTO’S STAFF REALLY UNDERSTAND THIS BILL?
Many who know and respect him regret that Assemblyman Mike Gatto is urging passage of a measure which he believes has merit, but one with which he undoubtedly has little familiarity. He has not served on a City Council where animal issues and sheltering are among the most contentious and often micro-managed by politicians whose qualification list begins and ends with merely “loving animals.” There is inference in political circles that this is Gatto’s penance for failing to more actively support prior animal legislation.
Is AB 2343 symbolic of the chasm in the animal community created by the “have’s” against the “have nots”? The bill was written by multi-million dollar organizations that benefit financially from their distance from animal shelters and are considered the “white hats,” in a 1999 article by Merritt Clifton (now of Animals 24/7). The open-admission animal shelters--the real “rescuers” of abandoned, abused, neglected animals--are portrayed as the “black hats with blood-stained hands.” There is ample reason to do this: To which would you donate? Thus, the animal-sheltering professionals have reason to be suspect of the hidden agenda which permeates this legislation.
Many critics of AB 2343 (myself included) have worked closely with HSUS on many matters and share deep regard for the legislative work they have done in such areas as factory farming, illegal animal fighting and other animal cruelty issues. I am also very fond of Assemblyman Mike Gatto and his family (with whom I share an Italian-American heritage.)
Nothing in this article is a personal commentary on any individual—but I, along with many others, believe AB 2343 will undo years of progress in sheltering animals and result in streets that are filled with stray dogs and cats, the return of epidemic diseases, a potential resurgence of rabies because of the recommendation to refuse relinquished animals--meaning many will then be dumped in the streets. There is also righteous widespread concern about attacks on humans and animals by dog packs and the resultant poisoning and other horrific ways people rid a neighborhood of nuisance animals—which cannot help but increase under the provisions of this bill.
AB 2343 allows the release of animals to “for profit” organizations, which can mean a return to pound seizure—pets being taken for laboratory experimentation--and pit bulls being released directly into the hands of dog fighters.
THE MECHANICS OF AB 2343
AB 2343 promises a one-year $10 million block grant to be shared by all the shelter in the entire state of California, but only if they qualify. I asked an attorney to explain the actual mechanism by which this “dangling carrot”— would be attainable. Here’s his amusing portrayal of his quandary:
Govt. Code 17581.8 (a)
The limited funds available through the block grant—no matter how inadequate—will constitute ‘payment in full’ for legal reimbursement purposes. This means there is no way to ask/sue for more money. An agency spends millions of dollars in order to be in full compliance, and is paid only pennies in return—but MUST comply FULLY with ALL requirements of ALL of the related statutes.
The block grant is managed by the State dept. of Public Health. A govt. agency that will skim untold millions off of the top of the block grant amount ($10m the first year, but perhaps next to nothing in subsequent years). It is possible that the cost of maintaining the grant program could exceed the available funds, so that complying agencies get absolutely nothing!
These sections require that the request for reimbursement be received by the state no later than August 30 of the fiscal year in which the grant is effective. At best that is a few months before the year ends, and at worst is two months into the fiscal year. It should be for the PREVIOUS fiscal year. Likewise, the payment is made on November 30 of the same fiscal year. How is that possible?
Reiterates that no participating agency can get any other money from any other State program/source to offset the costs of complying with these statutes.
Participating agencies must also submit to expensive audits to get the pennies on the dollar they spend. We have seen (with Hayden) how onerous and expensive those audits can be. The State is notorious for using them to discourage agencies from submitting requests for reimbursement.
“RESCUES” ARE NOT MONITORED AND HAVE NO LEGAL REQUIREMENTS
AB 2343 suggests repeatedly that unidentified or unclaimed animals can just be turned over to “rescues,” including those that are “for profit.” Although many rescues are extremely diligent, the responsible ones are the first to admit that, unfortunately, “rescue” of animals has also become an industry and there are those for whom profit seems the compelling force. Valid, responsible rescuers lament frequently that animals are being adopted out by relatively unknown persons, calling themselves “rescues” but not spaying or neutering before release. And hoarding of animals in California (and other states) by purported rescuers is one of the most widespread and rapidly increasing forms of animal cruelty.
While seeking to regulate animal shelters, AB 2343 fails to provide a path to placing restrictions, licensing, monitoring, required training or expertise, housing inspections, and proper reporting of income for what has—for some—become a profitable untaxed at-home business enterprise. Those who are members of the Los Angeles “No Kill LA” (NKLA, a Best Friends’ trademark) program also receive from Best Friends a $150 payment (not “donation” says Executive Director Mark Peralta) per adoption that exceeds the number adopted out the year before.
SHOULD “RESCUES” HAVE SPECIAL RIGHTS?
Apparently there is serious unrest—at least in the Los Angeles “rescue” community--that caused the following e-mail to be sent out recently:
“From: <[email protected]>
Date: April 7, 2014 at 9:19:53 PM PDT
Subject: XXXXXX XXXXXX calling everyone/
coalitionofrescues.org is up and running]
“XXXXXX XXXXXX calling everyone/coalitionofrescues.org is up and running
“We can retain an attorney to make sure we are represented as a group at commission meetings, why is it the city employees are protected by their union and get away with everything but we are not together as a group let's do it, this will be our union of sorts
“Rescues, volunteers, independents, activists
“All Southern California shelters will be covered by this including county, La animal services and any shelter in Southern California
“Your $10.00 monthly membership fee will be used to promote the objectives of COR and to create a collective voice for the rescue community in furtherance of the health and welfare of shelter animals by assuring us legal representation when needed. A panel of five will vote to agree that an issue is of importance or an COR members rights have violated.
“SIGN UP. Don't Forget to show up downtown they need 100 people representing the rescue community for that meeting tomorrow at City Hall at 10 o'clock."
AB 2343 IS A DISASTER THAT MUST BE STOPPED
A campaign promising that e-mails flooding the Capital will save animals lives cannot be allowed to blind the public or sway the legislators. Assemblyman Mike Gatto, a true friend to animals, should withdraw this bill, take an accurate survey of whether there really is a problem with animal shelters or a deficiency in funding for spay/neuter to reduce the need for shelters. The more the public is deceived that California is becoming “no kill” and that rescuers have a home for every animal, the easier it is to dump unwanted pets.
Animal shelters are not the problem. They are the visible symptom of a society that considers pets disposable. This is the issue that must be addressed. AB 2343 seeks to punish the messenger. The animals and the shelters deserve better. | <urn:uuid:2686d8e5-d00e-4444-9d27-48e5d99c61ff> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.opposingviews.com/i/society/animal-rights/ab-2343-california-animal-sheltering-disaster-animals-and-shelters-deserve | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00241-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960692 | 3,209 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Dream: Land of Giants (Codenamed "Project Dream") was an unreleased RPG video game that was originally to be developed for the Super NES, but was moved to the Nintendo 64. It was eventually redeveloped into what is now Banjo-Kazooie.
Dream started out in 1994-1995 as an isometric RPG for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System, with the intent of being Rareware's masterpiece on the console, using the ACM (Advanced Computer Modeling) technique of bitmapping pre-rendered graphics, much like the Donkey Kong Country series.
There was a demo of the SNES version with a full introduction sequence and one level, and according to composer Grant Kirkhope, if it still exists, it may be locked away somewhere at Rare's headquarters. Mr. Kirkhope had also commented this on the demo, "I was blown away. It looked beautiful and a step up above the Donkey Kong Country games."
At one point during development, it was determined that Dream was too ambitious for the SNES, so it was moved to the Nintendo 64DD, to be redeveloped as a 3D RPG in the style of Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time (which was first shown at Nintendo Space World in December 1995), featuring a unique 3D terrain system with environments created by stretching out the polygons.
However, the Nintendo 64 lacked the processing power needed to maintain these types of environments at a steady frame rate. Taking inspiration from Twelve Tales: Conker 64 (which was being developed by the Killer Instinct team, and would eventually become the adult-oriented Conker's Bad Fur Day), along with Rareware's previous experience with platforming games, Dream was remade by the development team (whose members had also worked on Donkey Kong Country) into a 3D platformer, but kept some of the elements of the RPG.
After deeming the game's main protagonist, Edison, to be too "generic", Rare began to experiment with several woodland characters that had previously been secondary characters, including "a dopey dog, a rabbit that looked like a man, and a bear." That bear character would eventually become Banjo.
Eventually, Dream was scrapped, and the development team started over from scratch, creating Banjo-Kazooie.
However, eventually Dream's seafaring setting would be used as a inspiration for Rare's newly announced game, Sea of Thieves, which was revealed at E3 2015.
Along with that, near the end of May 2015, Tim Stamper brought up a rumor on Twitter that there were two prototype cartridges for Dream. He had then allegedly found one of the rumored cartridges in his closet in early June, as he then began to tease the fans with a humorous scenario in which he had to capture it. As of current, the cartridge has successfully been captured, and Stamper uploaded photos of the cartridge itself, along with an opened view, showing its internal circuitry, especially the four ROM chips. Stamper has announced on his Twitter on July 20th, 2015, that he is slated to run the cartridge on the SNES.
In July 2015, a blank sprite floppy of Dream, along with storyboard images and concept art sheets, had surfaced on eBay UK. The auction has ended on July 19th, 2015.
Dream: Land of Giants, while not offering too much of a story, tells the tale of a boy adventurer by the name of Edison who, along with his girlfriend, Madeleine and their recently-found pet dog Dinger, gets tangled up with a bunch of no-good pirates named Flintlock Jock, Grim Jim, and their leader, the infamous Captain Blackeye, who commands the pirate ship known as the Mudplugger. Blackeye and his crew wanted to design a ship which could fly to improve their ease of travel and conquer territory more effectively. For such a feat to be achieved, they would make the ship out of a material known as "floatsy" (Possibly inspiring the creation of the Floatus Floatium from Banjo-Tooie).
- Edison - The main character for the SNES version. He got himself in trouble with a crew of pirates lead by Captain Blackeye.
- Madeleine - Edison's girlfriend
- Banjo - He was originally designed to be a secondary character. However, he would later appear in his own game alongside Kazooie.
- Captain Blackeye - The infamous captain of a pirate crew and main antagonist of the game. He later appeared as a character in Banjo-Tooie at Jolly's Bar in Jolly Roger's Lagoon. He repeats the words "Once, I had a dream...", which may be a reference to his original role.
- Grim Jim - One of Blackeye's crew members
- Flintlock Jock - A member of Captain Blackeye's band of pirates
- Cockeye - A "good pirate and a bit of a mad professor", as Grant Kirkhope would put it.
- Big Belly - An obese pirate who was part of Captain Blackeye's crew on the Mudplugger. He likes to eat and drink a lot.
- A strange, unintelligent rabbit - This character was going to be a secondary character in the SNES version, but he was later put under consideration for the main protagonist, when Edison was considered "too generic" and was scrapped.
- Tooty/Piccolo - Tooty was going to appear in the game as Banjo's girlfriend, and her original name was Piccolo, to match her musical instrument. This was later changed to Tooty.
- Grunty/The Giant - Gruntilda was originally meant to be a giant in the N64 version, but was later changed to that of a wicked witch for Banjo-Kazooie.
- Dinger - A dog who was one of the secondary characters that was under consideration for being the main protagonist when Edison was scrapped. At the beginning of Land of Giants, he was a companion of Edison.
- Tiptup - He was also going to be a secondary character, much like Banjo was.
- Ella - Edison's girly and princess-ish younger sister, who was originally going to have a high pitched voice. Her original name may have been Leela Burns.
- Kazooie - Not originally scheduled to appear as a character in this one, but she appeared as a baby bird in a nest found and looked after by Ella, who first found the nest along with her egg and parents. The mother hatched Kazooie and the chick said her first word, "Bweee!!!" because she first appeared as a baby breegull.
- Stomponadon - Similar to his appearance in Banjo-Tooie, he stomped on players causing health loss. The clear aim was to avoid him. The threat of attack from Stomponadon in Land of Giants was signalled by the camera shaking and leaves falling.
Other minor characters, such as Bully, were also recently revealed by Grant Kirkhope on his website.
Even though Dream was not released, Grant Kirkhope (composer for the music of Banjo-Kazooie) had already composed 107 tunes for it. Some of these songs reappeared in one form or another, in the Banjo-Kazooie series, as well as other Rare games, such as Viva Piñata: Trouble in Paradise, Donkey Kong 64, etc. Grant has released some of these on his website. Alternatively, one can listen to these tracks on YouTube. | <urn:uuid:fef44e77-e85b-4932-aaab-e3f179b6d083> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://banjokazooie.wikia.com/wiki/Project_Dream | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00502-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.985997 | 1,572 | 1.78125 | 2 |
Gatorade caught major flak this year when a 15-year-old girl from Mississippi made America realize the sports drink contains brominated vegetable oil. BVO, as it's called, is toxic in concentrated form and contains bromine – a flame-retardant commonly sprayed on furniture and carpets – which accumulates in fatty tissues and may damage organs. As we were stunned to learn, Gatorade and other beverage makers had routinely used brominated vegetable oil in their products to protect citrus flavors. To its credit, Gatorade reacted by phasing out BVO from all its drinks (although other big-name sports drinks like Powerade still contain it).
Yet even without BVO, Gatorade and others continue to get slammed by many critics for their sugar content and artificial dyes. In particular, the form of sugar in many big name sports drinks is usually sucrose or high-fructose corn syrup. Those refined sugars cause blood sugar to spike erratically – unlike the natural mix of fructose, glucose, and sucrose that's found in fruit juices. And those enticing electric colors that don't exist in nature are the result of some creative chemistry and include red 40, blue 1, and yellow 5, among other synthetic colors, many of which have been linked (in concentrated forms) to migraines, allergies, hyperactivity, and even cancer.
Sports drinks makers have caught on, however, and now offer plenty of options that are equally effective while far more healthful. And don't let the idea of sugary drinks put you off them completely. For instance, most varieties of Gatorade contain 21 grams of sugar per 12 ounces which, according to David Nieman, director of the Human Performance Lab at Appalachian State University, is perfectly appropriate if consumed during a heavy workout. We looked beyond the convenience store coolers and found a few fantastic electrolyte- and calorie-replacing sports drink alternatives, as well as some no- and low-cal options to help hydrate and supply vitamins. Here are our favorites.
Coco Libre Pure Organic Coconut Water
For hydration after easy exercise, Coco Libre has all the potassium of other coconut water-based drinks, but with far less sugar. As such, the 1-liter Tetra Pak carton is perfect for sipping throughout a workout, not just as a replenisher afterwards. One tester kept a jug of Coco Libre in his fridge at home and tossed some down during breaks from sanding his deck on a blazing-hot Saturday. Stick to the Original flavor; we thought Pineapple was too sweet. [$25 for a 12-pack; cocolibreorganic.com] | <urn:uuid:f232c961-bf44-4c83-b487-43d0926c129e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mensjournal.com/expert-advice/best-all-natural-sports-drinks-20130905/coco-libre-pure-organic-coconut-water | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00132-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959077 | 547 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Araucana chickens are native to South America, and are sometimes known as Easter egg chickens because of the different coloured eggs they lay. These eggs can be different shades of blue, and are always beautiful and exotic. Because so many people buy them for this egg-laying ability, it's very important to be able to differentiate an Araucana hen from a rooster. Luckily, it's a fairly simple task.
- Skill level:
- Moderately Easy
Other People Are Reading
Look at the length of the feathers. A hen will have shorter, almost cropped-looking feathers, while a rooster's feathers are much longer and showier. A hen will look almost naked next to a rooster. Rooster feathers also tend to have more colour than hen feathers.
Watch the temperament. Roosters are naturally more aggressive than hens. This is not to say there aren't aggressive hens or submissive roosters but, on the whole, if there's a barnyard bully, chances are it's a rooster. Roosters also are much more territorial toward people.
If your chicken is crowing, it's a rooster. Hens almost never have that loud, throaty crow that can wake you up at the crack of dawn. So, if you can't get your chicken to be quiet, you know you have a male on your hands.
Check to see if it's laying eggs. If all else fails, you can be absolutely sure that a chicken that is laying eggs definitely isn't a rooster, and one that's not laying eggs almost certainly is.
- 20 of the funniest online reviews ever
- 14 Biggest lies people tell in online dating sites
- Hilarious things Google thinks you're trying to search for | <urn:uuid:c73b1951-9944-4ec8-90a9-45751a839476> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.ehow.co.uk/how_6224448_tell-araucana-chicken-rooster_.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721355.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00014-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964777 | 366 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Today’s New York Times reports a slight blow to the Intactivist movement (the anticircumcision lobby). Apparently, the American Academy of Pediatrics has moderately changed its position on infant male circumcision. The AAP announcing that new research, including studies in Africa suggests that the procedure may protect heterosexual men against H.I.V. They further remarked that this indicates that the health benefits outweigh the risks involved.
But the academy stopped short of recommending routine circumcision for all baby boys, a position they have maintained for 75 years. The Academy had previously taken a neutral decision on it but are now saying that the decision remains a family matter.
The Intactivists have been able to knock down the circumcision rate in theis country from 67 in the 1990’s to 54% now. The movement is gaining in international circles too. Recent legislation in Germany proves this point.
The question is, where did this new movement come from?
Although the notion of circumcision has been a matter of sharp debate (no pun intended) since Roman times, the current antagonism toward Bris Milah can be directly attributed to a book by psychologist Jim Bigelow that was first published in 1992, with a second edition in 1995. The book entitled, “The Joy of Uncircumcising,” has gained a cultish following and is both a study in propaganda as well as a how-to guide to restore that which was cut.
Matthew Hess, the sponsor of last year’s San Francisco bill against circuumcision and the apparent front man behind that movement, writes clearly that Bigelow’s book changed his life. No Bigelow – No Hess. Hess is a “community organizer.” Jena Troutman, the woman who submitted the proposal to the Santa Monica County Clerk, and subsequently withdrew it when the anti-Semitic elements were exposed in the media, is a lactation consultant. But Hess, founder of MGMbill.org, wrote the proposal that Troutman handed in – no Hess no Troutman. And Hess traces back to the Bigelow book.
So for insight into what is motivating this new phase of the anti-Circumcisionists – let’s take a deeper look at the book.
Each chapter is filled with emotional quotes in a side panel entitled “Men’s Voices.” They are written by people who are ostensibly “suffering” from having undergone a forced circumcision at childhood. So let’s examine some of these side panel quotes.
“I would give anything to regain what I have lost,” by S.H. in Chico, California.
“I felt so violated and so angry” – M.T. from Alabama.
“To say that I was stunned and outraged by this revelation would be an understatement. I simply could not believe that this had happened to me, and I wished that I had been left intact, even though I would have been in the minority.” – P.L., North Dakota
“For almost sixty years I have been very anticircumcision minded and until recent years felt I was almost a minority of one. In the past few years, it has been a pleasure to learn that some doctors and nurses now agree with me.” E.R. from New Mexico
“Recently, I was contemplating the damage done to me early in life without my permission, and a friend suggested that I contact you. I understand that you have techniques to reverse this, and I would very much like to learn more. I eagerly await any information you can forward.” University Professor, Cambridge, MA
The reader of these side panels begins to wonder: How is it that the tone of each letter, the historical introduction, the colloquialisms, the syntax -all sound, so remarkably, the same? How can so many varied and eclectic voices from cities all across the country appear as if they came from the same author? Also, in reading these boxes one has the vague déjà-vu feeling that one is watching an info-mercial. “A friend suggested that I contact you?” From a “University Professor in Cambridge? But university professors in Cambridge do not actually write this way. What then is going on here?
A sub-heading in the first chapter gives us a first clue. In informing the reading public of the purposes of his writing the book he invokes the following heading: To Inform Christians About the True Nature of Modern-Day Circumcision.
Uh oh. To inform Christians – not Americans? is this really a medical text?
On page 56 of the text we find our next clue. In it the author explains that originally, in the Bible – circumcision was just fine and not the severe, convoluted operation that it was soon to become – it was just “Milah” without something called “Periah.”
In other words, it was the Talmudic Rabbis who subverted everything and created something the author calls, “Radical Circumcision.” Everyone in the Bible both the Hebrew one and the “New Testament,” had a simple, normal circumcision. Sometime at about the year 140, the Rabbis promulgated a newer, more severe form.
Never mind that according to Jewish sources, Milah and Priyah were practiced since the times of Abraham.
But is Bigelow anti-Semitic? In his book he points to voices within the Jewish community – Reform Jews, Jewish feminists, and others who have also opposed circumcision. He cites a certain Martin or Moshe Rothenberg who has developed a ceremony called “Brit Bli Milah” – a covenant celebration for his infant son – sans Milah. Bigelow reassures himself on page 60 of his work, “ The voices opposing circumcision from within Judaism convince me once again of that which I know to be true in my heart—that I can be anti-circumcision without being anti-Semitic.”
So there we have it. He is once again convinced and has proven the notion to himself that he is not anti-Semitic. The anti-circumcision movement comes not from a concern for infants, but from a new manifestation of classical anti-Semitism. | <urn:uuid:aa0e2842-58f9-4b82-81c5-ca8da2cc227e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://5tjt.com/the-anti-circumcision-movement-an-inside-look-by-rabbi-yair-hoffman/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00534-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9715 | 1,299 | 1.835938 | 2 |
A bridge which has become a symbol of west Cumbria's recovery after the floods will be reopened by the Princess Royal next month.
The Northside Bridge in Workington collapsed into the swollen River Derwent overnight on November 20, 2009. It caused the death of PC Bill Barker, a police officer who was diverting traffic off the bridge and helping with the rescue operation.
Since then, £11.2m has been spent rebuilding the structure, which connects two sides of the town. A temporary road bridge has been in place, which will close when the new one opens.
The opening ceremony will take place on October 22, five months later than originally planned and nearly three years since the floods which destroyed the bridge. | <urn:uuid:f1a89476-4071-46b3-acb9-f369a6f604d0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.itv.com/news/border/2012-09-05/princess-royal-to-open-bridge-destroyed-by-floods/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00487-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980362 | 147 | 1.671875 | 2 |
As a base, the pyconf script requires a PKG-INFO file
containing metadata about the project. This file should fit the
requirements of the PKG-INFO metadata file format as outlined
in the PEP 345 document. The file consists of several
Key: value pairs. Some
keys may be specified more than once, meaning that the package has
several such values, while others may appear only once. Refer to PEP
345 for the authoritative specification.
For the purposes of pyconfigure, only four keys are required. The first, “Metadata-Version” must have a value of 1.2 or higher; earlier metadata specification versions are not supported. “Name”, which may only appear once, contains the package's name. Similarly, “Version” contains the package version number. Finally, “Author-email” contains the principal email address for the project. Other keys are required to fully meet the PEP 345 specification; refer to that document for more information.
Here is a minimal example required to get started:
Metadata-Version: 1.2 Name: foo Version: 1.5 Author-email: email@example.com | <urn:uuid:2b3e3868-5311-4a21-82e9-c108096cc892> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.gnu.org/software/pyconfigure/manual/html_node/PKG_002dINFO-metadata.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00017-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.871553 | 253 | 1.703125 | 2 |
The Zoology Major requires a minimum of 30 semester hours consisting of four core courses (evolution, ecology, organismal diversity, and general genetics), one course in biodiversity, two courses in organismal biology, and electives. In addition to courses in the major, prerequisite/supporting courses are required in introductory biology, mathematics, inorganic and organic chemistry, physics, and statistics. These courses do not count towards the 30 hours in the major. The zoology major is described in detail in the Zoology Semester Checksheet. Courses that can count as electives in the Zoology Major include any course taught in EEOB at or above the 2000 level, as well as such courses as Animal Sciences 3130, 3140, Anthropology 3300, 3304, Biology 3401, Biochemistry 4511, 5613, 5614, Earth Sciences 3315, 4501, Microbiology 4000, 4100, and Psychology 2310, 5601. Additional courses can be approved as electives by the zoology advisor, Sue Ellen Dehority (firstname.lastname@example.org), or the honors zoology advisor, Dr. Tom Hetherington (email@example.com). The minimum acceptable grade in any course counting in the major is C-, and the average grade of courses counting in the major may not be lower than a C (2.00). In the required supportive courses (math, physics, etc.) a D is minimally sufficient.
Recommendations for students planning on graduate study
The Zoology Major satisfies the minimal requirements for most graduate programs in biology, but additional courses might be recommended, depending on the graduate program a student anticipates entering. It is usually wise to take a computer-based course in statistics. Additional chemistry or physics may also be advisable, depending on your intended area. Students planning to attend graduate school should discuss their plans with their Zoology advisor.
Recommendations for pre-professional students
Many professional programs require a full year (2 semesters) of organic chemistry, whereas the zoology major requires only one (Chem 2310), so you’ll need to take the 2-semester sequence (Chem 2510 & 2520) instead. Some professional schools also require that you take the laboratory portion of organic chemistry (Chem 2540 & 2550). Other courses that are often required by professional programs, such as microbiology (Microbio 4000) or biochemistry (Biochem 4511), can count towards the 30 hours of the zoology major as electives. | <urn:uuid:debe1082-a242-4a3b-a98b-66a2f869c5fb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://eeob.osu.edu/undergrad/zoo/zoology-major | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00493-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.907563 | 523 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Would we catechize Benedict XVI, Thérèse of Lisieux, John Paul II, or Mother Teresa if they wished to become Orthodox?
The reception of converts from heterodox confessions inevitably raises a variety of questions. The method of reception, the question of serving an Orthodox marriage for those who have lived married for years before coming to the Church, and questions surrounding clerical office are most common. The question of the need for catechism is not usually up for grabs: it is assumed that any convert would receive some kind of satisfactory catechism before (and sometimes even after) entering the Church.
An interesting twist on this question recently arose in an Orthodox forum on the topic of ecumenism: what would happen if notable heterodox, such as a Roman Catholic pope, were to convert to Orthodoxy? What about someone that the Roman Catholics recognize as a saint? Surely, such individuals would have immense learning, perhaps extensive theological degrees, and in some cases, even immense holiness? Surely, such an individual would not require catechism? They could teach the Orthodox a thing or two about their own Orthodox Faith - couldn't they?
The fact that the question emerges reveals something of the lack of a deep understanding of the nature of Orthodox catechism, something which is not only relevant with such celebrated conversions, but more importantly, in cases of catechism for all of us "regular" folk. If catechism is such an important process (and it is), how can one determine if one is actually receiving a "good" catechism?
We must begin by asking, what is the purpose of Orthodox catechism? Unlike catechism amoung heterodox believers, catechism is not primarily about understanding what the faith believes, or the liturgical life, or the meaning of icons. All these things come into play during proper catechism, but none of them represent the essence of true Orthodox catechesis. The primary purpose of a good catechism is to help the catechumen acquire the mind of the Church - the same manner of seeing the world, God, and our human condition, that the saints of all times and places share.
Catechism is about acquiring an Orthodox heart, not about academic study. Although reading is helpful and important, it is not the heart of the matter. Many so-called "Orthodox" academics and some seminaries have forgotten this, adopting the westernized concept that we know God through the mind. Such thinking leads to the idea that even liturgical and prayer should be reconstructed based on academic study, rather than inherited, living experience of Holy Tradition. This is foreign to the mind and heart of the Church - the mind and heart that one must desire more than anything, if one is to be one with the Body of Christ, the Orthodox Church.
&Many converts to Orthodoxy (and not a few Orthodox who have been raised in the Church) suffer from what has been called "pseudomorphisism" - the approach to the Faith using "false forms" of understanding or outlook. In this respect, it is harder to come to the Church from heterodoxy than from a non-Christian background. The differences are sometimes subtle, and we can think we know what we do not.
How does this "pseudomorphisism" manifest itself? False forms (that is, forms of worship and belief foreign to the collected wisdom and experience of the Church) are evident in the casual incorporation into prayer and worship of practices with which an individual or group is comfortable, but which have no root in Orthodox practice. A convert from Pentecostalism who raises her hands during the Divine Liturgy, or a convert from Roman Catholicism who continued to use the Rosary would be two examples. There are examples, both ancient and modern, of converts who are warm to the idea of "speaking in tongues", not as it is seen at the first Pentecost, but rather as it is displayed at protestant charismatic revival meetings. Some of these kind of practices - including this manner of "speaking in tongues" - have been condemned as heresies by the Church long ago, while others simply run counter to the witness of Holy Tradition, that collected measure of belief, morals, and worship shared by the saints across time and place.
When one comes to the Church, it is reasonable to assume that an individual wants all She has to give: the fullness of faith, practice, and belief, the life-changing medicine of ascetical discipline, and the Holy Mysteries. In coming to the Orthodox Church, one is saying no to the spiritual salad bar of our times, and yes to the Orthodox Faith. This move means leaving the mind of the world - including the heterodox mind - behind, in order to humbly seek instruction from the Bride of the Lord, His Church and its saints, who reflect His Likeness.
Catechism represents in a concentrated way the whole labour of the Orthodox life: the acquisition of the mind and heart of the Church, in order to acquire holiness in following the same path as the saints. Justin Popovich, a great saint of our time and land who received an honourary doctorate from St. Vladimir's Seminary, recognized the distinct difference in spirit that exists between Orthodoxy and the mind outside the Church, going so far as to condemn the blurring of the two through so-called "ecumenical" dialogue as the greatest heresy of our time. The witness of a legion of other saints reflects the same approach.
That the Holy Spirit is active in drawing people from all backgrounds to the Church is evidenced in the face of missions throughout the world today. The great task of Orthodox mission work is to do everything possible to share the mind and heart of Holy Tradition, in order that those who come to the Orthodox Church might not be deprived of Her fullness, or given a distorted picture as the fragile foundation of their newly planted Orthodox faith. The prayers of the saints, the services of the Church, the gift of holy icons, the observance of the fasts, experience of the authentic Orthodox monastic tradition - all of these are gifts we can and must give through catechism. One does not have to be a priest to give them: the missionary obligation, to share the faith, to teach it by word and example, is an obligation for all of us. If even a child can share the life of a saint, kiss an icon, or speak a prayer, those of us who are "mature" can and must do at least that for our beloved brothers and sisters who come to the Orthodox faith. Since we hear from our Lord that we must become as children in order to inherit the Kingdom, we must actually strive to do this, whoever we are, and wherever we come from.
Which in the case of catechism, means everyone. | <urn:uuid:f6ec935b-c019-4116-bf59-4bf7957f1ed2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.asna.ca/articles/200603-02.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00055-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959841 | 1,408 | 2.40625 | 2 |
One way or another, cyber-ranges are coming.
Brig. Gen. Michael Stone of the Michigan National Guard said that the federal government has wanted a nationwide network of unclassified cyberexercise facilities for years, but he’s bringing the idea to state and local government -- starting with his home state of Michigan. If the state receives funding for this purpose, he says the first hub of the network should be ready by Oct. 1.
The network of facilities would allow IT professionals without security clearance to practice for cyberattacks in multi-state and multi-stakeholder efforts. Such facilities are uncommon today, he said, and unclassified interstate efforts don’t exist.
Congress succeeded with this goal to an extent, but it missed a crucial part of the idea, Stone said. The National Science Foundation, which teamed with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency on the project, was allocated $110 million to create cyber-ranges. While it did create cyber-ranges, those ranges are not accessible to those without security clearance.
“They did some wonderful work for the country, but they did it all in the top secret domain,” Stone said, adding that this was unfortunate for a few reasons.
For one thing, said Stone, pictured at left, government needs all the help it can get. There are a lot of talented IT professionals, students, professors and civilians who could be a part of state and local cybersecurity efforts -- but not if the system precludes their participation.
The second reason unclassified cyber-ranges are needed, he said, is a practical one: When a cyberattack hits state or local government, officials don’t want to sit around waiting for the federal government to come rescue them, he said.
“There are folks who work at the federal level -- policy makers -- who believe the domain of cyber falls entirely on the federal government,” Stone said. “The problem with that, though, is that requires perfect resources and perfect execution of the federal government. And being a person who works for the state and local level, just ask yourself, ‘How long is it going to take before the response is there? And how perfect is federal government execution all the time?’”
Stone’s vision is a nationwide network of cyber-range facilities that's anchored in the advisory of the National Guard, which is in the unique position of spanning the federal, state and local levels, he said. Most people are familiar with the National Guard acting as a second responder during such events as hurricanes or floods, but the Guard also is in a perfect position to bridge the gap between federal involvement and state and local participation.
And ultimately, Stone said, it doesn’t make sense to put federal agencies in charge of critical infrastructure such as power grids and dams, because that’s not who’s operating them.
“Eighty percent of all critical infrastructure is privately owned,” he said. “And 85 percent of all people operating networks for critical infrastructure are civilians, non-federal government.”
Almost without exception, Stone said, IT organizations will agree that the most valuable resource they have and the thing highest in demand is talented human capital. So why would government ignore 85 percent of its capital, particularly during a time of crisis?
To take advantage of this capital, the Michigan National Guard partnered with the California National Guard; California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly); Michigan’s Merit Network; EADS North America; and nonprofit Electricore, the organization that applied for the Department of Energy grant on behalf of the team’s members to get unclassified cyber-ranges going.
The costs for establishing each facility in the network, Stone said, is in the hundreds of thousands of dollars -- as opposed to the millions spent by the federal government.
“The dollar figure to stand up hubs is really the cost of running fiber optic to the buildings we want, which is about $50,000 a mile to run this fiber,” he said. “Once you’re there, it’s really the human capital cost.”
In addition to Cal Poly, the network would include many major universities in Michigan, starting with the state’s Merit Network, the longest-running fiber optic network in the country. And the first hubs will be military bases and academies in Michigan. Stone said he is also in talks with the National Guard Bureau in Little Rock, Ark., and organizations in Kansas. The idea, he says, is to cast a wide net while also creating a culture of cybersecurity awareness.
“We’re going to need special guardsmen with civilian skill sets,” he said. “We’re going to need recent college graduates, we’re going to need an abundance of IT experts to really be able to surge, to overcome those problems.”
This network, he said, is part of a larger effort to set the right conditions for a workforce that can handle these issues.
“We have to do this,” Stone said, adding that it’s one thing to teach individuals to troubleshoot a network or solve a computer problem, but they need teams of people who can work together. They need collective training tools, he said. “I think that this is going to happen one way or another, whether or not there are federal dollars,” he continued. “This is a clear trend. There’s a demand. Every time we ask a corporation if they want to participate, if they have any information assurance requirement, they get to yes really fast.”
It’s going to happen, Stone said, the only question is who the players will be.
And the bulk of this effort consist of Stone’s strategy and the work that organizations like Cal Poly will do, said Electricore Executive Director Deborah Jelen.
“A lot of the value is in the ability to test different products,” she said. “The nature of a cyberthreat is changing all of the time, and there are going to be many different solutions to address those threats. Ao I think having that ability, that bandwidth to be able to conduct the testing, really is going to be a critical success factor.”
She has no way of knowing today whether they will receive the funding they requested, she said, but a project like this could lead to very important work in the area of research and development, and emergency management. | <urn:uuid:506b7f7b-ae66-48d3-af75-c4c3194222a7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.govtech.com/state/Make-Way-for-State-and-Local-Cyber-Ranges.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00026-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956684 | 1,365 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Do spirits exist? Is there a world out there we are unaware of because we just don't want to know it?
There was an incident recently in some one's house where there seemed to be a spirit hovering around the house, though interestingly not disturbing the inmates. A few learned men came by and refused to enter the house because they insisted there were spirits inside.
The saga ended pretty fast when one of the learned men came over and decided to "capture" the spirit and send it packing.
It was an interesting story and hard to believe but when it happens so close to home, you are really left with little choice to go against this reality.
Spirits are typically the souls of those people who die earlier than the expected date. Hence someone who commits suicide typically ends up as a spirit and hangs around till the actual time of death when they move further up the heavenly chain namely Yamaloka where Chitragupta brings out their deeds during their life times and decides their fate at Yamaloka - so try to be good.
Subsequently they are taken to Devaloka where they shall continue performing puja and go through penance to reach Lord Shiva and Vishnu and hope for the day they will head to Vaikuntam or Kailasa. While this is not so easy in Kaliyuga, lets see what happens to spirits.
Good and bad spirits have always dominated our imagination. Well is it imagination? Its more fact than imagination. Spirits if left alone hang around on Neem or tamarind trees. Else they are found near water bodies like lakes and rivers and the sea coast. They love darkness and cannot handle light. They love water but cannot handle fire. Hence the superstition - Do not go out in the night near any water body.
What would they do? Spirits tend to come and settle on you, when you venture out in these places by night. When a spirit rests on you, you don't get to see it, but feel as if a whole ten ton stone has been placed on you. It affects you physically and psychologically. Spirits who come can go just as fast. Hence the truth in the story of Vikram and Vetal.
Spirits react to smell or odour. They love the smell of jasmine and roses, the smell of food and incense. This is the reason for the superstition - women shouldn't go to bed with flowers in their head because it attracts spirits.
Spirits are attracted to various odours, so should some real smart guy want to hypnotise a spirits, its through smell. The attraction levels towards smell is so high that a spirit can succumb to any task assigned once they are intoxicated by the odour. Hence the world of black magic came in.
How do they look? Well spirits have a mind, largely appear translucent and do not have feet. The most beautiful spirits appear with lovely eyes, open hair, and look like a bride who is just five days into her marriage. Spirits are basically good and harmless. They do have a weird sense of humour and are playful. Maybe they would just jump on your back and slap you when you venture out at night! There are situations where you can see them and your friend can just hear them. They have a weird laugh and sound really strange during communication (am not referring to plan chit). Spirits understand languages.
So when do they turn evil? When a bad guy offers blood(chickens) instead of flowers and food to eat. Yes, gory as it may sound, spirits are by nature gentle beings, but its a human who diverts a spirit's mind and makes it do weird/evil things. Spirits can do good things too like predict immediate future and give you hints for something you lost.
Spirits come to homes where regular worship is not done. When spirits enter the house, there is a strong breeze before they come in with shreaks. Spirits can stay endlessly in your house until they are finally made to go away. Once out of the house, spirits wait for instructions from the bad guys who sent them there for around two days before they move on.
Last but not the least, spirits suck out the essence of any food offered. Meaning when you place a cube of sugar and invite a spirit over, it takes out the essence of the sugar cube. Should you attempt tasting the cube later it will be insipid and not sweet as expected. Strange but true! | <urn:uuid:3cfee935-cdbe-490c-ad00-6a3c101e7629> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://indiatemple.blogspot.com/2006/07/high-spirits-and-mind-power.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00457-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965137 | 914 | 1.773438 | 2 |
When a brute of a man tramples an innocent girl, apparently out of spite, two bystanders catch the fellow and force him to pay reparations to the girl's family. The brute's name is Edward Hyde. A respected lawyer, Utterson, hears this story and begins to unravel the seemingly manic behavior of his best friend, Dr. Henry Jekyll, and his connection with Hyde. Several months earlier, Utterson had drawn up an inexplicable will for the doctor naming Hyde as his heir in the event that he disappears.
Martin Jarvis delivers a gripping reading of Stevenson's classic. When Gabriel Utteron discovers that the sinister Mr. Hyde has moved into the home of his friend Dr. Jekyll and stands to benefit from his will, he becomes concerned and enlists the help of their mutual friend, Dr. Hastie Lanyon. Things go from bad to worse: Jekyll withdraws further from his social circle; Hyde's criminal sprees culminate in murder; and Utteron and Lanyon fight to save their friend and unravel the mystery of Hyde's origins and disappearance. Jarvis's pacing is excellent, his characterization spot on, and his renditions of Jekyll and Hyde perfect; he creates two distinct characters that illustrate the story's exploration into the duality of human nature. (Feb.) | <urn:uuid:4dbfd103-ab53-4df5-9a22-4a2bf2fec554> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.cheaptextbooks.org/9780486266886 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00428-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969454 | 267 | 1.75 | 2 |
Most first and second graders have mastered the naming of simple shapes and are ready to move on to some of the more complex geometric shapes. Reinforce shape recognition at home with fun shape activities for kids, such as origami and Chinese tangrams. Use sidewalk chalk to draw shapes outdoors, and then use them to play a creative game of hopscotch. Cut pancakes, pizza and cookies into geometric shapes and discuss them while you eat. Pass monotonous waiting room time by counting squares in ceiling tile grids, rhombuses in rug patterns or rectangles in windowpanes. Encourage your child to look for shapes wherever she goes. These fun math games will strengthen her observation and counting skills, and will help her understand pattern recognition—the basis for geometry. | <urn:uuid:239154fb-afb0-455e-96a4-9015839ebd78> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.leapfrog.com/en-us/learning-path/tips/shapes-everywhere | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00124-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943343 | 155 | 3.828125 | 4 |
Youth Fire Stop Prevention & Intervention Program
Youth Fire Stop is a program designed to prevent misuse of fire by youth in our community and to educate and intervene when endangerment involving fire occurs. Youth Fire Stop has been streamlined in order to make the program more effective.
Industrial & Commercial Fire Previntion
The Industrial and Commercial Section has inspection responsibility of all High Rise buildings within the City on a annual basis. Additionally, this section inspects complex and large industrial and commercial occupancies enforcing fire life safety regulations. | <urn:uuid:1f29178d-8787-4a22-9e5f-4ff7de1661f6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://invest.akwaibomstate.gov.ng/safety-services/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.916222 | 111 | 1.859375 | 2 |
1,400 children to receive first Communion at papal Mass in Jordan
May 19, 2014
When Pope Francis celebrates Mass on May 24 at Amman International Stadium in Jordan, 1,400 of the 50,000 in attendance will be children receiving their first Communion.
“Preparations for this rite include both the children and their parents, and started four months ago,” Father Rifat Bader, spokesman for the papal visit, told the Fides news agency.
“Hour-long classes are held every Friday where religion teachers and nuns help the children understand and appreciate the Sacrament of the Eucharist,” he added. “The children will stay in their places, and bishops, clerics, priests, deacons and nuns will approach the children and give them the Communion.”
All comments are moderated. To lighten our editing burden, only current donors are allowed to Sound Off. If you are a donor, log in to see the comment form; otherwise please support our work, and Sound Off! | <urn:uuid:f280add1-bab8-41ae-ad0d-2b05574cc540> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.catholicculture.org/news/headlines/index.cfm?storyid=21437 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00383-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94595 | 218 | 1.515625 | 2 |
When it comes to bumper cranes, there is cranes and truck cranes but a Power Hoist bumper crane gives it a whole new meaning to truck lift. We are talking about a fully working crane that will lift up to 2,000 lb of real weight and the best part is it hides inside the back of your truck!
Most pickup truck cranes or bumper cranes will bolt on to your truck or you may even have a portable crane for the small stuff. All set aside the Power Hoist separates the men from the boys. It not only works it works well. Bumper cranes are not very common as they can be a major hassle.
When choosing a bumper crane just make sure you you don’t get more than you need. The higher the pay load the higher the price.
Cons of a regular bumper crane:
- Out Riggers
- Must be on a level Surface
- Set up time
- Extra weight hanging off end of truck, not evenly disburst.
- Most bumper cranes you have to “manually” swing load into truck (this can be a problem on a non level surface)
- Can’t reach front of bed near cab.
- Soft Surfaces Like sand or after it rains, means you have to put ply wood under out riggers.
- Some bumper cranes block your spare tire which means trouble if you get a flat.
Power Hoist does not need outriggers, ever
Power Hoist can be on just about any surface, even sand or mud.
Power Hoist Weight is evenly distributed so not to put extra wear and tear on your truck.
Power Hoist uses Hydraulic arms to lift the load in your truck.
Power Hoist can set the load in any part of the bed never touching the load.
Power Hoist has no set up time. Plug in your remote and you area ready to go.
Power Hoist allows you to easily get to your spare tire if needed.
Power Hoist is durable and will out last your truck and Many trucks after that.
Power Hoist is a fast return and works year after year.
Power Hoist you can remove from the old truck and install in the new truck.
Power Hoist is the lightest most powerful lift gate in its class and out lifts any lift when compared weight per lift.
Power Hoist will double as a manhole safety and rescue device.
Power Hoist is Industrial Heavy Duty for every day use.
Now that is thinking outside the box, Inside the box and around the box! | <urn:uuid:f4ce92be-6026-481a-b1de-9070b8bb7e63> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.123lift.com/lift-gates/news/bumper-cranes.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00123-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934894 | 535 | 1.515625 | 2 |
3 (15) WPSU-TV Clearfield, Pennsylvania
Owner: The Pennsylvania State University
WPSX signed on in 1965 as Central Pennsylvania’s NET affiliate and the country’s 101st public television station. The station’s strong signal reaches a half-million households throughout Central Pennsylvania, Southern New York State and even as far away as Warren, Pennsylvania where it is carried on cable systems. However, the station is among one of the smallest PBS affiliates in the country. In 1978, in partnership with several cable systems, the station developed PENNARAMA which was the forerunner to today’s Pennsylvania Cable Network. Two years later it partnered with the Pennsylvania Department of Education to experiment with the use of videodisc in the classroom. In 1994, operations were merged with the campus NPR affiliate WPSU-FM and Penn State Public Broadcasting was born. The call letters were not changed until 2005.
6 (34) WJAC Johnstown, Pennsylvania
Owner: Cox Media Group with sale pending FCC approval to Sinclair Broadcast Group
“Serving Millions From Atop the Alleghenies” since 1949 when it was owned by the Johnstown Automotive Company which also owned WJAC-AM/FM (1400/95.5). TV originally aired on channel 13 but moved to channel 6 in 1952. It aired programming from all four networks (including DuMont) until WARD-TV (56) signed on in 1953 taking the CBS affiliation. The stations was sold in the 1960s to Anderson H. Walters who owned the Tribune-Democrat. The 1984 FCC regulations on cross-ownership forced the sale of the radio stations and eventually the newspaper, but WJAC-TV remained until 1997 when it was sold to Sunrise Television. As a result, WJAC became sisters with WTOV in Steubenville, Ohio and the two were sold to WPXI-TV Pittsburgh parent company Cox Enterprises in 2000. In the summer of 2012, Cox announced that it would sell its small market stations including WJAC. In February 2013, the sale of four TV stations including sister WTOV in Steubenville, Ohio to Sinclair Broadcast Group was announced.
8 (29-8) WWCP Johnstown, Pennsylvania
Owner: Peak Media, LLC
The station signed on in 1986. Originally channel 8 was to be licensed to Pittsburgh but the owners at the time petitioned the move to Johnstown to allow for lower prices on programming. It is also likely that placing a Channel 8 in Pittsburgh would have created the need to “short space” the station (much like WTAE’s analog Channel 4 was) because of WJW-TV in Cleveland which is Channel 8. The request was approved as long as the station could serve Pittsburgh with a Grade B signal. The move would also protect Lancaster’s WGAL-TV (also Channel 8) but it also meant that much of the eastern side of the market would lose out on the signal. WWCP bought the dormant WOPC-TV licence and moved it from Channel 38 to 23 and WWPC-TV was born as a satellite. The station’s strength essentially killed WFAT-TV (Channel 19) which would muddle through until being reassigned to Pittsburgh some years later. Channels 8 and 23 took on a FOX affiliation within a year of sign-on. In 1988, WWPC was changed to WATM to fulfill the need to have a dedicated ABC affiliate in the region. Although owned separately, WATM is operated by WWCP through an LMA. The station used digital channel 29 until the 2009 analog shut-down when it reverted back to channel 8.
10 (32) WTAJ Altoona, Pennsylvania
Owner: Nexstar Broadcasting Group
Channel 10 signed on in 1953 as WFBG-TV with the calls being the initials of William F. B. Gable who also owned WFBG-AM/FM (1290/98.1). Gable also owned a department store in Altoona. Initially, WFBG carried programming from all networks – including DuMont – but in 1955 forged an affiliation with CBS, and a secondary affiliation with ABC to cover Altoona as WOPC-TV had a spotty signal at best. The stations were sold to Triangle Publications in 1956 making it a sister of WFIL-TV (6; now WPVI) in Philadelphia and WLYH in Lebanon. The FCC forced Triangle to sell the stations after it was discovered that the three stations were conducting a “smear campaign” against then-Governor Milton Shapp. Gateway Communications bought WLYH and WFBG in 1972 and changed WFBG’s calls to WTAJ. Channel 10’s signal was so powerful that it could be seen in Pittsburgh neighborhoods to the west and State College neighborhoods to the east. When the Johnstown Market was combined with the Altoona/State College Market in 1982, WTAJ became the exclusive CBS affiliate inching out WJNL-TV (19) which served Johnstown with CBS. Gateway merged with SJL Broadcasting in 2000 and the new company changed its name to Montecito Broadcast Group in 2005. A year later, Nexstar purchased WTAJ and its long-time sister WLYH.
13 WSCP-LP Bellefonte, Pennsylvania
Owner: Pathway Community Radio
W13BY went on the air in 1990 as an affiliate of “The Box” music video network and owned by George Kimble. It was later used as a translator station of WJAC-TV Channel 6 which is ironic since WJAC was originally assigned to Channel 13. In 2005, Pathway Community Radio purchased the station and translated the signal of WPCB-TV (40) in Greensburg until original programming could be produced. That was also the year that the station became a Class A facility.
16 W36BE-D State College, Pennsylvania
Owner: Local TV Pennsylvania License, LLC
W36BE-D serves as a translator for Wilkes-Barre/Scranton station WNEP-TV (16) and serves the State College region.
*19 WPCW Jeannette, Pennsylvania
Owner: CBS Corporation
Originally serving Johnstown on Channel 56, WARD-TV signed on in 1953 it was co-owned with an AM/FM combo and served as the area’s CBS affiliate with ABC as a secondary network. Jonel Construction Company bought the TV stations and its radio sisters in the late-1960s/early-70s and changed their calls to WJNL. The TV station moved to channel 19 which is a stronger UHF signal. Despite the stronger channel allocation, the station had a weak signal for the terrain surrounding it. WTAJ and WJAC maintained television stronghold in the region before the Johnstown and Altoona markets were not yet combined. The only reason Channel 19 was still on the air was due to the successes of its sister FM, then at 96.5. When the Johnstown market and the Altoona/State College market were combined in 1982, WTAJ received soul CBS affiliation. WJNL could not reach State College and became an independent station and was sold to Leon Crosby who changed it to WFAT. But programming had to be purchased for much of the day and WPGH and other Pittsburgh independent stations were available via cable. WWCP-TV signed on in 1986 and took even more wind out of WFAT’s sails. In 1988, the calls changed to WPTJ and transmitter problems would take it off the air frequently sometimes not to return for days. The station declared bankruptcy and shut down in 1991. In 1995, Venture Technologies bought the dormant license and put it back on the air in 1997 as WTWB-TV. Channel 19 served as a full-power outlet to relay Venture’s WBPA-LP (low power) out of Pittsburgh. But in order for WTWB (a Warner Brothers affiliate) to get on cable in Pittsburgh, the licence was transferred to Jeannette. Meanwhile Channel 22 picked up the WB Network and 19 turned to UPN with the calls WNPA. Viacom bought WNPA in 1998 and when Viacom and CBS merged two years later, WNPA and KDKA-TV became sisters. The operations moved to Gateway Center. In 2006, with the merger of the WB and UPN networks, the station became the combined “CW” affiliate and changed its calls to WPCW. WPCW’s digital allocation is Channel 11 (used by WPXI in analog era) and it’s transmitter is on KDKA-TV’s tower along Perrysville Avenue. The station used Channel 49 as its digital home before the analog shut-off in 2009.
*WPCW is also listed on the Pittsburgh TV Page but remains here for historical purposes.
23 (24) WATM Altoona, Pennsylvania
Owner: Palm Television, L.P. (Operated by Peak Media, LLC through LMA)
Signing on in 1974, WOPC-TV was on Channel 38 with an ABC affiliation. In existence before the Johnstown market was combined with the Altoona/State College markets, WOPC went dark in 1982 when the markets were combined. The signal was too weak to reach the western portion of the market. Three ABC affiliates served each distinct part of the market with Harrisburg’s WHTM serving Altoona; Scranton’s WNEP feeding State College and Pittsburgh’s WTAE taking care of Johnstown. When WWCP signed on in 1986, it was forced to supply a Grade B signal to Pittsburgh and therefore would not be able to feed the eastern part of the market. The dormant license for Channel 38 was transferred to Channel 23 and WWPC came on the air with WWCP as a simulcaster. Two years later, WATM was born as an ABC affiliate but sold to Palm Television in order to meet ownership regulations.
29 WHVL-LP State College, Pennsylvania
Owner: Channel Communications, LLC
Network: My Network TV
WHVL is a relative newcomer having signed on in 2007. It features local programming for Penn State University, political debates, high school football and more. The station airs MyNetworkTV programs during prime time six nights a week.
47 (46) WKBS Altoona, Pennsylvania
Owner: Cornerstone Television, Inc.
Network: Cornerstone Television
Cornerstone was granted a Construction Permit in 1983 for Channel 47 in Altoona. With WKBS Philadelphia going dark that same year, Cornerstone bought the transmitter used for that station’s Channel 48 and went on the air from Altoona two years later. They re-used the call letters. Since 1985, WKBS has served as a full-power translator for parent station WPCB Channel 40 in Greensburg. | <urn:uuid:9e93f3ff-fdac-4dc8-9297-a2fd59605a25> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.pbrtv.com/stations/central-pennsylvania-area-stations/6739-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988725470.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183845-00076-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978767 | 2,268 | 1.671875 | 2 |
The first ever Metaverse Robot System debuted at the Tsinghua University Science Park of China in September of 2021 was jointly developed by Chuangze Intelligent Robot Group of China and Bristol Robotics Laboratory (BRL) of UK, one of the largest robot laboratories in Europe. BRL’s Professor Charlie Yang, a Fellow of British Computer Society, is at the helm of this program. He was proud to say: “We integrated leading technologies such as Digital Twin, Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data and Cloud Computing to create an ecological ‘Metaverse’ in the field of intelligent robotics which we believe is a breakthrough that is bridging us to the ‘Metaverse’.”
The industrial experts believe the pillar of Metaverse technologies is four folded: the first one is holographic construction, followed by holographic simulation and the integration of virtual-real worlds. The ultimate goal is the interaction between the agents of physical-world and the agents in the virtual intelligence. The Metaverse Robot System of Chuangze has realized the top-level link in between the virtual world and the physical world. In such a system the virtual and real robots are integrated and connected. The virtual commands to the virtual robot can be received and executed synchronously by the physical robot in the real world. And the status of the robot in the physical world will also be displayed synchronously in the virtual world. We believe the advent of the Metaverse Robot will bring human beings a brand new and a better way of life. | <urn:uuid:a942856f-a5a5-415f-ba62-0f7be91f0370> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.timesnewswire.com/pressrelease/pioneer-the-worlds-first-metaverse-robot-has-been-born-in-china/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.924209 | 327 | 2.8125 | 3 |
BONN (Jan. 31)
Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher’s visit to Syria, Egypt, and Jordan Feb. 9-12, and to Israel in March will be watched by Bonn diplomats with unusual interest. Though earlier reports of a planned German peace initiative in the Mideast appear to be exaggerated, there is strong evidence that Germany is seeking a more active and positive role for the European Economic Community (EEC) in furthering peace talks.
At recent meetings with the Ambassadors of Israel and various Arab countries. Genscher did not unveil any magic formula for peace, according to informed sources. Still, he stressed that peace prospects have never been better, calling on the combatants to “do everything in their power to make good use of this situation.” Adding the hope that the Geneva conference could soon be reconvened, he emphasized that it should “be so well prepared beforehand that it does not end in failure.” sources say.
As West Europe’s foremost economic power, nothing terrifies Germany more than the prospect of another Mideast war and the accompanying risk of a new oil embargo. About 95 percent of Germany’s oil needs are imported, and 64 percent of the imports are from Arab oil producers.
Hence Bonn also views seriously Saudi Arabia’s oil minister Sheik Ahmed Zaki Yamani’s warnings of increasing oil price hikes in the absence of Mideast peace progress. It fears more hikes would trigger off a new world recession with grave economic-political consequences for the export-heavy German economy.
GERMAN-ARAB TRADE MUSHROOMING
The visit comes at a time when German-Arab trade is growing by leaps and bounds. In the first nine months of 1976 (the latest figures available) German exports to Arab countries jumped 25 percent to $4 billion and Arab deliveries to the federal republic (mainly oil) also climbed 25 percent, to $5 billion. Last year, for the first time, Germany replaced France as the number one supplier of mechanical equipment and factory installations, and for most Arab countries it is second only to the U.S. and Japan as a supplier.
A cynic might cite this as the main reason for Genscher’s tour. But it can also be argued that the surge in trade gives Genscher added political clout in the Arab capitals, where German knowhow and technology are highly esteemed.
Another useful weapon is aid. Bonn has already supplied $400 million in capital aid (cheap long term credits) to Cairo. The World Bank has reportedly promised a major loan to ball Egypt out of its economic problems, and Germany, as a major contributor to the bank’s reserves would have a decisive say in settling the amount and conditions of such a loan.
The fact that Genscher was originally not planning to visit Egypt, but announced this additional stop shortly after this month’s Egyptian riots, lends credence to the view that more German aid — either directly or as part of a World Bank or EEC contribution — is in the offing.
FACTOR OF GUILT FEELINGS
Oil and trade are certainly not Bonn’s only motives for seeking a speedy Arab-Israeli peace agreement. Undoubtedly, lingering guilt feelings about the Holocaust add fuel to a genuine concern for Israel’s safety. West Germany is also a staunch advocate of in Genscher’s words, “cooperation instead of confrontation” both in Europe and in the world trouble areas.
Hence Bonn’s “ostpolitik,” and its backing for the U.S. peace initiative in southern Africa last year. As a newly elected member of the U.N. Security Council it intends using its influence to this end.
Genscher may want nothing more than to persuade the combatants to hurry up and start talking, or to sound out their different positions — which could conceivably be conveyed to U.S. Secretary of State Cyrus R. Vance as background for Vance’s own subsequent Mideast tour.
Further clues about his aims might emerge this week at the EEC Foreign Ministers’ meeting in London where the Mideast is high on the agenda. Whatever Genscher’s goals, he can be sure of a sympathetic hearing both in Jerusalem and the neighboring Arab capitals. | <urn:uuid:ba11fbb2-a3bf-4f45-a4b7-613c1c074280> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.jta.org/1977/02/01/archive/behind-the-headlines-germany-seeks-mideast-peace-role | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00111-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946526 | 910 | 1.960938 | 2 |
She’s known fondly as “The Wasp Woman” (wasps are her specialty) and now she may be known as “The Entomologist with the Magic Shoes.”
Everyone can see her coming. And going.
Folks at the UC Davis Bohart Museum of Entomology recently gifted their director, Lynn Kimsey, with LED (light-emitting diode) tennis shoes that are hand-painted with cuckoo wasps (family Chrysididae), the group that she studies.
“I think adults deserve shoes with LEDs like they make for little kids,” she said, smiling. “They didn’t have light-up shoes when I was a little kid--and I think my kids were too old for them, too.”
Undergraduate student Justin “Wade” Spencer, with camaraderie support from public education and outreach coordinator Tabatha Yang and senior museum scientist Steve Heydon got together with Nicole Tam, then an undergraduate student, and graduate students Charlotte Herbert, Ziad Khouri and Jessica Gillung to surprise her.
They ordered a pair of shoes online, and Herbert and Tam painted them. The wasp work is intricate. And when the LED lights flash, the shoes seem as magical and as enchanting as fireflies or lightning bugs.
“Everyone thinks they’re awesome shoes,” said Kimsey, a professor in Department of Entomology and Nematology.
Kimsey administers the world-renowned Bohart Museum of Entomology, which houses a global collection of some eight million insect specimens.
Her areas of expertise include insect biodiversity, systematics and biogeography of parasitic wasps, urban entomology and arthropod-related industrial hygiene.
Kimsey, who received both her undergraduate degree (1975) and her doctorate (1979) from UC Davis, joined the entomology faculty in 1989. The director of the Bohart Museum and executive director of the Bohart Museum Society since 1990, she has also served as interim chair and vice chair of the Department of Entomology, now the Department of Entomology and Nematology. | <urn:uuid:bc947ed9-8995-4f5b-b7bc-d8d423f5c764> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.dailydemocrat.com/general-news/20170106/professors-wasp-shoes-have-staff-buzzing | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00226-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965212 | 457 | 1.804688 | 2 |
Cyber attacks are growing extraordinarily complex and the security ecosystems of most companies are not keeping up with the attacks.
Employ in a safe manner Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) techniques to test the response of the security controls
Identifying breaches in infrastructure that can lead to a cyber attack and offering recommendations on fixing them
Maximize the effectiveness of your security program
Test the quality of your current cybersecurity investments and get the full benefit of them
Test the new cyber attack strategies employed by APTs to check if your infrastructure can be affected by an attack and constantly update configurations to sustain the attacks
Find the ways attackers can move through your networks in order to be able to restrict and monitor the movements.
Maximize the impact of your cyber capabilities, processes and people through coordination between the red team and the blue team
StageOne is an adversarial attack simulation framework designed to emulate the modus operandi of Advanced Persistent Threats based on MITRE ATT&CK™, which is a globally - accessible knowledge base of adversary tactics and techniques based on real-world observations. The ATTACK knowledge base is used as a foundation for the development of specific threat models and methodologies in the private sector, in government, and in the cybersecurity product and service community.
When StageOne is deployed in the security infrastructure, it continuously tests different security measures in order to validate security controls using attack emulations. These emulations assist Red and Blue Teams to measure the effectiveness of security controls and find the gaps existent in the infrastructure before a hacker does it.
An implant designed to be infiltrated in the infrastructure
The Command & Control Center which controls the implant
Stageone dashboard offers a centralized place to see all the computers and the network map of them. The lateral movement procedure is done via this panel by “breaking into a device.”
This page offers a comprehensive view over an implant. It displays various general information and configurations and a main view over the recent executed tasks. The collected data panel is at the bottom and offers a great insight into the penetrated device.
The lateral movement popup allows us to move laterally through the network and displays a few options to choose from, such as Credentials and Exploits. After choosing one implant to carry the attack, the penetration is ready to go.
Logs are always important. StageOne dashboard offers a comprehensive view of what’s going on into the system and keeps track of all the movements of the implant.
The collected data page centralizes all the credentials extracted and the keylogging from the systems they were active.
This is a special page which allows the operator of stageone to configure campaigns and users. | <urn:uuid:0183b400-5006-4fc2-b3a7-f4456feab881> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stageone.ai/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.927074 | 544 | 1.726563 | 2 |
The correct usage of a drill mixer is the most crucial step in mixing concrete. In less than 10 minutes, you can mix your concrete using the best drill for the job. When it comes time to start pouring, be sure to invest in a high-quality drill if you want the precise match every time.
So, are holes in your concrete necessary? If so, then you should read this article. All of the highest-rated drills with superior build quality have been chosen. Additionally, these drills will be tough, non-hand tools as opposed to the usual equipment on the market. Nevertheless, these tools are really potent and maybe your best option for a variety of tasks.
Therefore, we can assist you in locating the ideal instrument for any project requiring drilling, mixing, or pouring concrete. View our best picks and review our advice on selecting the ideal drill bit for your particular application.
Best Drill for Mixing Concrete
We have the knowledge and skills to help if you’re new and need to learn more about concrete mixing drills. Following that, we’ll discuss the qualities needed to obtain a high-quality drill combination. So do let us know if there is anything further we can do to help.
It’s not that simple to purchase the best drill for mixing concrete for your construction needs. For every user, investing money in high-quality goods is vital. We have therefore investigated all of the greatest drills that match your spending limit and tool quality. A drill mixture, on the other hand, works wonders for drilling holes through sturdy materials like steel or masonry. Additionally, if you purchase from a member of our top list, your work will be completed without incident.
1. DEWALT: Electric Drill for Mixing Concrete
- You will have access to both high and low gears thanks to the 120-Watt motor in this.
- It works effectively for improperly combining thick ingredients.
- A unique switch will be provided so you can use a hammer to mix concrete.
- Additionally, it will provide you with a special paddle mixture to help you move easily.
This DEWALT drill will deliver the goods to the job site whether you’re mixing concrete or driving an anchor. You can go ahead and mix up your rock-hard concrete with variable speed control for even more power and torque. Air bubbles, however, are not a cause for concern.
You have options if you would want to start with a cordless tool. Additionally, the design of this equipment effectively prevents spills. So, before setting things on fire, you won’t have to worry about spilling your coffee on it. Of course, that is because you are seated directly across from the detonator box.
Powerful construction equipment that will complete any of your jobs is the DEWALT electric drill. With its 9 Amp output, any mixing application may easily start. From installing drywall to attaching concrete pillars, it will function flawlessly for you.
The soft grip handle also provides better ergonomic quality and comfort. The best-corded drill will therefore aid in reducing tiredness and boosting productivity. Therefore, you’ll stay in shape while working all day.
- There won’t be any grating noise produced.
- Any rocky terrain can have the holes drilled without difficulty.
- It can also be used to combine paint and grout.
- Around 4000 lbs of concrete can be mixed each day using this drill machine.
- It is incredibly lightweight and has excellent torque.
- It will be difficult to mix mortar for small projects.
- It is upsetting for the users that this machine only works with 110v.
2. VonHaus: Best Drill for Mixing Concrete
- For complete comfort, you’ll have a handle that rotates 360 degrees.
- It boasts a top-notch gear-housing characteristic.
- This tool can now accommodate large diameter bits and stirring accessories thanks to its 1/2′′ chuck.
- It incorporates a rotating dial for minimizing air bubbles while mixing concrete or muck.
The VonHaus Drill Mud Mixer now has you covered whether you’re seeking to mix up some soup or replace your floor tiles. With the new VonHaus heavy-duty drill mud mixer with a spade handle, you can do many chores.
VonHaus, is the most resilient power tool, with forwarding/backward control and button locks. It will enable you to have complete control over both the type and quantity of powder used in any given project.
This corded electric drill is equipped with a strong 10-amp motor and a variable speed that runs from 0-700 rpm, so your wrists won’t get tired when using it. This corded drill’s compact size, strength, and adaptability make it ideal for any task or pastime. Excellent flexibility will be provided by the variable speed control, and even in challenging circumstances, power will be provided by the 10-amp motor.
However, this tool’s sturdy metal gear will house its ergonomic construction. Anyone who needs to mix liquids or drill huge holes can use it for those reasons. You will have complete control over your drilling thanks to the right/left ergonomic design.
Additionally, by modifying the gear housing to your preference, you may use this easily with either hand. On the other hand, because of this machine’s extremely high torque, you can work longer without feeling fatigued. Additionally, both experts and DIY enthusiasts will love it!
- The tool with the maximum torque capacity is this drill.
- With this equipment, you’ll receive a varied composition for your drywall mud.
- Using it with a 5-gallon bucket is simple.
- With its tremendous torque, the VonHaus is prepared to perform high-performance drilling.
- With its dual utility, it is strong and adaptable.
- It frequently reduces the torque speed.
- You occasionally have to deal with a loud noise.
3. Makita DS4012 Drill for Mixing Concrete
- To prevent your hand from slipping, it contains 24 locks and a D-Handle that rotates 360 degrees.
- For better mixing results, the 8.5 AMP motor outperforms it.
- For smooth operation, this tool incorporates a ball-bearing structure.
- The grip is entirely rubberized, allowing you to move more freely.
This Makita spade handle drill is the ideal tool if you’re seeking a well-equipped drill with the capability to undertake a difficult job. No home repair or job will be too big for this corded electric drill thanks to its maximum speed of 600 RPM. Additionally, it is simple to reach high locations because of the lightweight and small design.
Even simpler is the 2-finger trigger, which was modified to accommodate fatigued fingers. And Makita DS4012 users find that descending steadily for about 10 seconds is fairly comfortable.
This tool will be the ideal partner for you whether you’re furnishing your DIY closet space, finishing a basement, performing heavy-duty outdoor equipment maintenance, or anything in between.
But at some point, we’ve all had to drill a hole in something, and many of us don’t have two hands, which are necessary for reaching tight spaces. However, the Makita DS4012 can easily convert the power of its corded electric motor into rotations per minute. And it will assist you in completing that drilling activity quickly and effectively so that you can move on to your regular drilling responsibilities.
With 20 volts and an internal PTC designed for energy absorption, this drill can easily and quickly cut through wood. On the other hand, the variable speed dial system enables you to adjust it in accordance with the material you are working on.
- Any project may be completed using this Makita drill’s versatility.
- You’ll find it more noteworthy because of its well-balanced design.
- This effective tool can be viewed as an extension of you.
- The Makita DS4012 drill has little trouble drilling into hardwood.
- Through the onboard chuck, it will provide quick and convenient bit changes for you.
- There were no glaringly negative reviews of this product that we could discover.
4. Electric Mud and Concrete Mixer Drill
- Electric mud and concrete mixer drill from Genesis, model GSHD1290
- For difficult chores, it boasts a robust 12-inch drum capacity.
- With 850 RPMs and variable speeds, the Genesis GSHD1290 was available.
- Its special speed trigger and dial control make drilling tasks more precise.
- For ultimate durability, this tool incorporates a DIE-Cast aluminum gear.
Larger bits used in heavier drywall mud, paint, and thinner materials are perfectly mixed by the Genesis GSHD1290 electric mud mixer drill. You can operate your drill while it is operating with its 9.0 Amps thanks to its spade handle and auxiliary side handle.
By the way, you can drill into metal, wood, or composite materials with this strong drill. With Genesis GSHD1290, combining various components to perfection is therefore fairly simple. We can assure you that our Electric Mud Mixer Drill will serve as your one-stop shop for all drilling needs. You can mix mud, add air to tires, or perform another action requiring a lot of power.
Additionally, its 12″ inch chuck is ideal for larger bits used in drywall drilling or mixing mud applications. You can always rely on this tool to keep you as safe as possible. It has a gearbox and pure steel housing for added strength when operating.
Additionally, it incorporates a lock-On button that guarantees consistent precision by adjusting application parameters. And when necessary, it’s simple thanks to the detachable spindle drive-cover. However, a lifetime warranty is offered with this Genesis-branded item. So, shop with assurance knowing that your tool is well-made.
- For stacking your heavy machines, it will be the ideal drilling machine for you.
- Even the most difficult soils can be made into the smooth ground with this equipment.
- It can be a key component of any house builder’s toolkit.
- You will receive all of the cost-effective features, such as variable drilling depth.
- It will come with a two-year manufacturer guarantee to lessen your maintenance anxiety.
- It can start to smell, which is really uncomfortable.
- It requires some effort to transport to the job site.
5. BOSCH Bosch GBM9 Best Drill for Concrete
- Maximum productivity is ensured by the steel gear’s precision cutting.
- At any speed, the motor can provide the largest amount of torque.
- To further aid you, this machine comes with a three-prong grounding plug.
- In all applications, a 360° rotatable D-handle is available for maximum comfort.
With its 9.0 Amp motor, the Bosch GBM9-16 Mixer is a superb instrument that will enable you to produce strong torque. Its variable speed control can hold materials like epoxy resin and cement plaster. Additionally, it will enable you to hold it in the ideal position.
A variety of drilling and mixing accessories are built into its steel saw feature to keep the material safe. Additionally, its extra-long 8-foot rubber cord will provide you with a lot of freedom while working on-site.
The Bosch GBM9-16 drill/mixer, however, is ideal for your high-powered and demanding work. It has a 5-inch variable speed with a no-load RPM range of 0-700. Drilling in wood or metal is, therefore, possible because of the endless availability of precise steel gears.
With its head rotating the entire drill, this tool can drill both forward and backward. Additionally, it has more torque than you want and is precise. Additionally, it comes with a 30-day money-back guarantee, a 1-year service protection plan, and a 1-year manufacturer warranty. Therefore, there is no risk in purchasing this superb concrete mixer drill.
- Its full-keyed chuck provides excellent support for mixing accessories.
- With regard to all the safety features, it is a fantastic powerhouse.
- All user tiers can afford to utilize this product.
- This gadget will appeal to you more because it is lightweight.
- You’ll find that this tool is perfectly capable of handling your heavy-duty tasks, such as ten buckets of the thinnest drywall.
- There’s no trigger lock on this tool.
- It was missing a 90-degree grip.
6. DEWALT DW130 Concrete Mixing Drill
- For blending drywall compound, it incorporates an AC/DC rocker switch (forward/reverse).
- This tool can boost its durability thanks to its 5/8-inch spindle.
- Its distinctive nozzle output minimizes air bubbles.
- This tool’s modest 450 RMP produces large diameter holes in metal and wood.
- You will be given a complete guarantee for one year.
When it comes to drills for construction sites, the DEWALT DW130 Drill is the ultimate multi-tasker. This exercise can help you manage all of your jobs when you have a lot on your plate. Its speeds vary depending on the task to provide the operator more control in tricky situations, such as while mixing mud or drilling through various materials.
This compact, effective tool has a three-gear mechanism that significantly lessens torque reactivity. Therefore, starting with big loads will enable faster speeds and simpler management. Its chuck key and holder settings can be reviewed without entirely disengaging the gears.
Most notably, it is the first drill in the world to be able to drill holes quickly. You can now finish a lot of projects quickly thanks to its 7x speeds. Therefore, the days of fiddling with bizarre settings are over. Furthermore, the DEWALT DW130 drill will work well for you.
However, this cordless drill, which has a maximum power output of 600 watts, will allow you to drill through steel like butter. A 3-speed range is also available to prevent air bubbles. Slide the reverse switch up when mud mixing. in order to avoid getting in the way when you are breaking through drywall or plasterwork.
When starting delicate screws, its rapid weight-to-power balance ensures optimum control. Therefore, don’t pass up this fantastic concrete mixing drill.
- A top-notch grain-grinding tool is the DEWALT DW130 Drill.
- It can drill holes in a variety of balances because of its great steadiness.
- It can be applied in high-torque situations.
- You will receive an accurate drilling measurement from it.
- Drilling cannot be done because it is too loud. You also require hearing protection.
- You must exercise caution when using this tool to prevent damage.
7. F2C Pro 1600W Drill for Mixing Concrete
- To withstand further heat, this instrument was provided with a copper wire cover.
- Its top heat-radiator will improve the quality of the air around you.
- You can mix at various thicknesses with the aid of its motor-speed control buttons.
- A power mixer with variable speeds will be provided.
Are you seeking a robust mixer that combines heritage with utility? For your job, the F2C Pro 1600W Concrete Mixer is ideal. A dual-speed to a seven-speed handheld electric cement mixer, the F2C PRO 1600W is designed to increase productivity and decrease fatigue. Additionally, handling plaster or mortar is made simpler by its dual speeds with seven different settings (MIN-1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 MAX) without wearing you out too soon. The handles are ergonomically made and ready to lessen fatigue.
Additionally, its 1500 Watt power motor makes it perfect for landscaping and home improvement chores. Additionally, 2.5 yards of mortar or plaster can be mixed at once. Pretty Incredible!
It does have a high-speed motor, though, so it can handle thinner materials like mortars. It contains settings for thin-set mortar grout and pale face mixtures. On the other hand, pouring concrete quickly is the most aggravating thing ever. Additionally, you cannot mix concrete with a small, inexpensive hand mixer.
But you’ll be able to blend that kind of business easily with the F2C Pro 1600W. It also contains a number of additional features that set this tool apart from the competition.
The F2C Pro 1600W drill for mixing concrete enables you to work more effectively on your upcoming craft project. Nobody wants to combine tasks for hours on end when there are other tasks yet unfinished. Since the F2C Pro 1600W operates on 110V/60Hz, there is no need to bother about adapters or different voltages.
- You will have continual working support from it.
- This instrument is very portable and easy to carry to your desired location.
- During lengthy projects, it provides excellent stability and steady power.
- The operational processes are far too simple.
- It is quite comfy for both easy and difficult jobs.
- Frequently, the equipment will become stuck when drilling.
- For beginners, the setting processes are somewhat difficult.
Buying Guide for the Best Drill for Mixing Concrete
When considering a drill for mixing concrete, you must consider a few particular aspects. To consider a drill machine’s quality would be unwise. You must take into account the handles, variable speed, torque, speed settings, reverse/forward switch, etc. among these crucial elements. These characteristics are also very noteworthy. Let’s quickly review those features:
The majority of drill machines have various handle designs. The handle that will give you the greatest comfort must be the best one. To move to your desired area easily, the handle is crucial. Furthermore, a handle can aid in control, regardless of how powerful the drilling project is.
Before you purchase your tool, make sure it has a variable speed because this feature helps you control the material during mixing.
To work with different materials such as mixing cement, drywall mud, mortar, etc., drill torque is essential. So, give increasing the torque on your drill a try.
Alternative Speed Settings
Every drill has a speed setting choice, however, some drills on the market also offer an optional speed setting. As a result, it will be more beneficial for you to precisely alter your pace level.
For your mixing work, drilling with both switches is highly advised. The backward and forward switches on your drill will let you easily change the rotation of your mixing paddle. In this situation, we advise selecting a drill that has switches for forward and reverses.
The most important thing to remember is to take your budget into account. If money is tight, do your study to get the best drill with the best features. Therefore, you should decide your price range before going to get a drill. The seven drills we recommend are reasonably priced and of great quality. So why don’t you go from there and find your match?
The Best Drill for Mixing Concrete FAQs
How should I mix concrete? What sort of drill should I use?
The DEWALT DW130 is the best option if you want to enjoy the process of mixing concrete without worrying about getting your hands dirty. With the DEWALT DW130 Drill Mixer, you can combine materials quickly and affordably without having to handle endless amounts of material.
Your work will look clean as a result. You may add more drills to this machine to make it capable of drilling holes through various surfaces. Consequently, it will benefit you in two ways.
Concrete can a cordless drill mix it?
An all-in-one cordless drill can mix and dispense concrete as well as finish your walls. It is also ideal for quickly and without mesh mixing any type of concrete. The days of manually mixing, pouring, and moving the stuff around with a little shovel are done. The cordless drill is also portable and has a right- and left-handed user-friendly ergonomic design.
Can a hammer drill be used to mix concrete?
It is, indeed. If you don’t want your mix to be tighter and less watery, you should buy a hammer drill. The hammer drill is essential for ensuring that all the materials have been properly blended. If you find yourself with damp, tightly packed mixing ingredients that you cannot use, it is a great workaround.
For mixing concrete, what size drill do I need?
Drills of a good size can have wattages between 800 and 8,000. However, you might require more if you work in industrial power. Ideally, buy a drill that can produce at least 1,300 watts if you need the most power possible to spare for other projects.
How may a mixing drill be used?
Avoid mixing the concrete with a standard drill since the metal will contaminate it and ruin anything nearby. The drill mixer’s ingenious design uses two pitches that function in a variety of materials, including mud, mortar, and cement. This implies that you can produce flawless concrete mixtures without sacrificing quality. However, if you attach a mixing paddle facing the other way from your machine, you can safely operate your drill.
Use the appropriate drill while mixing concrete.
Look no farther than the drill machine when you need the best drill for mixing concrete. If you get a high-quality tool, it will be dedicated to giving you high-quality performance for your long-term builds. These tools are equipped with more distinctive characteristics and are prepared to provide you with all you need to complete your task successfully.
But we’d like your attention right now if you need a power tool that will also enable you to save money. Drills from our range are perfect for any of your requirements. So, don’t think about it too much before making a decision. | <urn:uuid:6f010f06-c41e-4113-a8d5-4f734d68cc7d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://allproductreview.com/best-drill-for-mixing-concrete/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.927562 | 4,662 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Listed in Braintree, Orange County in 1791 census with two other free persons in the household.
In 1800 listed as Peter Doleby with six other free persons in Braintree.
In 1810 listed as Peter Dablee with seven other free persons in Braintree.
Vermont Vital Records have a marriage of Peter Dolbe and Elizabeth Nichols, 14 April 1791, by Elijah French, J.P., recorded at Braintree.
There is a marriage recorded for Susannah Dolbe and Edward Freeman of Braintree, Feb. 1808, Elijah Huntington, Minister, recorded at Braintree.
No further information found other than the above quote from the History of Braintree.
I have not found if any of these Dolby folks are descendants of Exeter Dolby or of Peter Dolby.
1791 Census: Slave Holders, Other Free Persons and Slaves - Addison County - Vermont > Orange County > | <urn:uuid:ff5e91c7-9b6d-4a5b-bdc1-83e48987c1aa> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://sites.google.com/site/1790censusotherfreepersons/1791-census-slave-holders-other-free-persons-and-slaves---addiston-county---vermont/oange-county/peter-dolbe | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00412-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.908732 | 200 | 2.203125 | 2 |
New York is a state located in the Northeastern part of the United States of America, whereas Madagascar is an island country in Africa located in the Indian Ocean. Today in this article, we will discuss the comparison between New York and Madagascar regarding various aspects.
Is New York bigger than Madagascar?
The total area of New York is 54,555 sq mi, and the total area of Madagascar is 226,658 sq mi. New York is smaller than Madagascar by 172,103 sq mi. New York is around 4.15 times smaller than Madagascar.
Area of New York State: 54,555 sq mi ( 141,300 km2 )
Area of Madagascar: 226,658 sq mi ( 587,041 km2 )
According to the United States Census Bureau, the total population of New York as of 1st July 2021 was estimated to be around 19,835,913.
Based on the World Bank data, the total population of Madagascar as of 2020, was estimated to be around 27,691,019.
Here is some more data comparison between New York and Madagascar.
The capital city of New York is Albany and the capital city of Madagascar is Antananarivo.
New York: English
Madagascar: Malagasy, French
New York: New Yorker
ISO 3166 Code
New York: US-NY
New York Time Zone:
UTC – 5 (Eastern Standard Time)
UTC – 4 (Eastern Daylight Time)
Madagascar Time Zone:
UTC + 3 (East Africa Time)
Coordinates of New York:
42° 57′ 13.68″ N, 75° 31′ 36.48″ W
Coordinates of Madagascar:
20° 0′ 0″ S, 47° 0′ 0″ E
You may also like to read: | <urn:uuid:d4cf5213-a0bb-4c13-924b-d636f10597d5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cyprusandaxi.com/new-york-vs-madagascar-comparison/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00479.warc.gz | en | 0.867078 | 410 | 3.03125 | 3 |
LOVE IS NOT MEASURED BY DOLLARS AND CENTS
By: Gary L. Rodgers
Love is a commitment that bonds through every situation and hardship that we face; it is a promise to always be there through the best and worst of times.
Love protects and cares for those that are weaker than us, it does not come with strings attached nor does it always come with pretty paper and bows.
Love is doing the best that you can for others while sacrificing your own needs and wants in the balance of all things; it sometimes means to comfort others at our expense.
Love means to lay down your life to protect others; it means to do for others that can’t do for them-selves.
Love means giving without any thought of getting in return; it is the contentment of knowing that someone else is more important to you than you are to yourself.
Love gives all and asks little in return, it doesn’t mean having the best of everything; it means giving the best of what little you have.
Love comforts, warms and protects, it means being forgiven when your abilities do not allow for you to do any better.
Love means trusting each other to get through all of life’s complications and disappointments; it means to always trust someone to be there for you.
Love is kind and does not seek for itself, it goes beyond all words and abilities; it means to comfort, care and protect others less capable than yourself.
Love endures every trial and trouble; it hopes for a brighter tomorrow and is adept at learning to dance in the rains of adversity.
Love does not fail, it gives hope for the faint at heart, and it is the greatest of all gifts that we can give or receive.
Love goes beyond our faults and failures, it means giving the best part of each of us!
If I could write a love song I would simply call it “YOU!” | <urn:uuid:f0bbc24b-cf29-4340-ae5b-d62faa8eaf5a> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://unctionsofthespirit.com/2012/05/27/love-is-not-measured-by-dollars-and-cents-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721405.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00313-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963393 | 404 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Gridset cheat sheets will generate every possible measurement for you, so all you have to do is find the correct span and copy its width and/or margin.
Each span has a list of CSS properties with measurements, including:
- This is the total width, in percentages, for the span. This number is calculated by adding the column widths together, and then adding in the gutters spanned. By clicking show nested, elements that span more than one column can also be expanded to show all of the measurements nested within the parent element. For example, the width of a
.d2element is different when it is nested within a
.d1-d2element, because the parent’s percentages compound with the child’s.
- The left margin works much the same way as the width does, but is used to offset the element by the proper amount if it is the first child of another element. So, for example, a
.d2element needs to have a left margin equal to the
.d1column plus one gutter.
You can also click the add padding button to get the padding class measurements for each span (more about padding in Using the CSS Classes).
Printing and Exporting Your Cheat Sheets
You can easily print your cheat sheets for quick reference by using your browser’s print functionality. Gridset will serve a printer-friendly version of the sheets to your printer.
In Mac OSX, if you want a PDF export of your cheat sheets, you can print as usual, but instead of hitting Print, click the PDF drop-down at the lower left and select Save as PDF. | <urn:uuid:d413d70f-a9c0-48cd-b7aa-675208a37d0a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://gridsetapp.com/documentation/cheats/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00483-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.870173 | 344 | 2.25 | 2 |
|Purpose:||Exit the current TCC session|
|Format:||EXIT [/B] [value ]|
value The numeric exit code to return.
EXIT terminates the current copy of the command processor.
To close the session, or to return to the application that started the command processor, type:
If you specify a value, EXIT will return that value to the program that started the command processor. For example:
The value is a number you can use to inform the program of some result, such as the success or failure of a batch file. It can range from 0 - 4,294,967,295. | <urn:uuid:b25df1df-72fb-44e9-802a-3f27d955d8f1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://jpsoft.com/help/exit.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00167-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.774993 | 136 | 2.34375 | 2 |
This Halloween Chalk Spider Web Craft is fun and looks great.
- black construction paper
- white glue in bottles
- plastic spider
- Have child put a dot in the center of the paper with a pencil
- Draw straight lines out from the center in all directions.
- Draw concentric circles from the center. Leave plenty of space between the circles.
- Trace the lines with white glue. It's easier if you keep the tip of the bottle on the paper. Allow to dry.
- Take chalk and rub over your web. Have children rub the chalk over the paper with their fingers. It helps the chalk stay on the paper and off the glue outline. It's fun, too.
- Glue a plastic spider on your web and hang up.
Pictures: The Homeschool Den | <urn:uuid:b36819d5-50d2-48ef-af01-f8e92b9c4417> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://easypreschoolcraft.blogspot.com/2012/06/halloween-chalk-spider-web-craft-2.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00404-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.86158 | 167 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Atrocities against Dalits : Retrospect and Prospect
Atrocities against scheduled castes (SCs) and scheduled tribes (STs) and untouchability are the natural expressions of the unnatural Indian caste system (ICS). Therefore, a clear understanding of the age-old phenomenon of “untouchability”, which is an integral part and essential feature of the ICS and of the recent phenomenon of atrocities, can only be facilitated by a brief overview of the ancient caste bias and how it works in relation to the SCs and STs and also socially and educationally backward classes (also known as backward classes or other backward classes and hereafter briefly referred to as BCs). The usual descriptions and interpretations of the caste system, which are but of course upper caste-centric, do not bring out the essence of its nature and functions. In order to perceive that essence, it is necessary to study it from the standpoint of the large majority of the Indian people, who have been its victims in various forms and degrees, and to understand how the caste system works in relation to the SCs, STs and the BCs.
Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar was the first thinker to bring a fresh approach to the examination of the essence and functioning of the caste system in India. Contrary to earlier and later practice, he focused attention on labourers in relation to the caste system. He identified its important features by characterising it as:
“A division of labourers into water tight compartments” and as “an hierarchy” in which the division of labourers is graded one above the other. He further refers to this as “a stratification of occupations”.
Justice Chinnappa Reddy felicitously and appropriately called caste a system of “gradation & degradation” in his judgement in the Vasanth Kumar case of 1985 [1985 Supp SCC: 714]
Looking at the Indian society in relation to its socio-economic frame and from the viewpoint of SCs, STs and BCs, I consider it realistic and enlightening to distinguish four layers of castes — very different from the traditional four Varnas model. The traditional Varna model is flawed for various reasons. For one, through this model the privileged minority has appropriated for itself three-fourths or even more of the conceptual space, relegating the majority to the residual space characterising it as Shudra, and leaving no space at all for another substantial part of the population who were characterised as a Varnas. This model and the literature that has drawn on this model focus on concepts like “pollution” and “purity” which are terms coined by the privileged category to justify its privilege and the deprivation of others and they only help to obfuscate the functional reality of the Indian caste system. Its greatest deficiency is that it does not bring out the caste-based exploitation which was its core essence. It also does not bring out its functional role of monopolisation of advantages and privileges by a minority of the population. The diagrammatic representation (see graph) of India’s traditional socio-economic system and structure, still in operation and which was earlier expounded in my book Empowering Dalits for Empowering India1 and elsewhere, depicts this clearly.
The topmost layer is that of privilege and prestige. It consists of castes, to which all or the major proportion of persons in prestigious and privileged positions and occupations traditionally belong. Such traditional positions and occupations include religious/spiritual authority, state governance and public administration, control over agricultural land (irrespective of whether and when individual ownership came into existence in a region), military professions, commerce and the like. The second layer consists of land-owning and cultivating peasant castes. In relation to land, their traditional position was between land-controlling castes and agricultural labour castes. But, as a result of post-Independence land reforms, they have recently become land-controlling castes in some parts. Some of the peasant castes are also herders of cattle, sheep, goats etc. The third layer consists of two or three sub-layers — the castes of traditional artisans and the castes providing various personal services and pastoral castes. The lowest layer consists essentially of castes of agricultural labourers. The castes of the three lower layers have traditionally been producing primary and secondary goods and rendering various types of services and labour mainly for the top layer, on unequal terms in varying degrees and forms, and involving exploitation at various levels. This has been facilitated by the economic power of the top layer aided by the ideology of “caste-with-untouchability”, the latter part (i.e., untouchability) being directed against the castes in the lowest layer.
The colonial era and the post-Independence decades have no doubt introduced changes, but have not fundamentally altered the four-layer profile of the socio-economic frame of non-tribal India. Broadly speaking, most of the castes in the lowest layer have been classified as SCs for the purpose of measures of special protection and safeguards since 1935 and also after independence under a series of Presidential Orders issued in terms of Article 341 of the Constitution. They have been so classified on the basis of the criterion of “untouchability”. While the numerically large castes in this layer are typically agricultural labour castes (ALCs), to this layer should also be assigned a number of numerically small castes which are nomadic (N), semi-nomadic (SN) or “Vimukta Jati” (VJ) or “ex-criminal”. Some of them have also been classified as SCs on account of their being found to be victims of untouchability.
To this layer also belong a number of scheduled tribes specified in a series of presidential orders issued in terms of Article 342 of the Constitution. While STs as a whole are outside the ambit of the Indian caste system and the bulk of them live in remote tribal areas, some of them have been sucked out of their homelands and have virtually become ALCs like the typical SCs. Some others represent tribes which never had a separate homeland and still others may be representatives of those submerged by the advancing caste-based agricultural civilisation of India. STs outside tribal areas live in style and circumstances which are little different from those of SCs and therefore logically belong to this, the lowest layer along with the SCs. Those N, SN & VJ communities which are neither SC nor ST are entered in BC lists. The castes in the second layer i.e., the mid-layer are generally found in BC lists. There are exceptions, which are logical and realistic. The presence of any caste of the top layer in BC lists is exceptional and such exceptions are either deliberately contrived aberrations or unrectified historical hangovers.
STs in tribal areas — accounting for two-thirds to three-fourths of the scheduled tribe population of India — constitute a layer broadly parallel to the lowest layer and partly jutting above vaguely. This layer has nothing to do with the Panchama of/ outside the traditional four Varna model. The STs even in their homeland — though free from untouchability and the daily intrusion of and constant oppression of the caste bias — rank with SCs in the matter of all-round deprivation. In their homelands their life is a daily struggle to retain what they have against relentless external incursions — a battle in which all odds are stacked against them and which they have been and still are losing. Some of the N, SN and VJ categories have been included in the lists of STs on account of their possession of tribal characteristics.
Among the main features and effects of the working of the Indian caste system through the centuries till date have been:
(a) To lock up labourers as labourers, and agricultural labour castes as ALC.
(b) Keep SCs down in their position with no or little scope for escape.
(c) Keep STs grounded in remote areas except only to be drawn out to supplement labour requirements.
(d) To keep SC and ST in conditions of segregation and demoralisation and to deprive/minimise opportunities for their economic, educational and social advancement and upward mobility.
(e) To Keep the backward classes tied down as providers of agricultural products (peasants), non-agricultural primary products (fisher-folk), traditional manufactured and processed products (artisans and skilled workers), service providers (hair-dressers) etc, on terms grossly adverse to them and hampering their economic, educational and social upliftment.
(f) To retain a virtual monopoly over superior opportunities in the hands of a small elite drawn from the top layer of the traditional socio-economic system, by hampering, handicapping and hamstringing SCs, STs and BCs in different ways and to different degrees.
SCs – as the greatest and most intensive, forced contributors of agricultural labour in India as well as other workforce, including labour of the most sordid and unpleasant type such as sanitation and death and cremation-related services – have been central to this theme of exploitation and deprivation. The agro-climatic characteristics of India, with the monsoon confined to a limited part of the year necessitating a large reserve of labour force based on the requirements for agriculture during short peak periods made it extremely important for the design and purpose of the caste system to ensure that the “untouchable” castes now classified as SCs were kept in a state of socio-economic incarceration without hope of redemption or escape. The coercive mechanism designed to secure this purpose has been:
1. The caste system in its totality;
2. Specifically against the scheduled castes, the instrumentality of untouchability over the centuries, which continues to this day with full virulence;
3. For many centuries the Indian caste system was able to operate as the perfect instrument to keep the “untouchable” castes and plains tribes under total subjugation as providers of labour for agriculture and other purposes;
4. The weapon of atrocities in the modern context when SCs have rejected the caste system ideology and psychology of subservience and thus the efficiency of untouchability as a disciplining instrument has been partly blunted.
Emergence of “atrocities”
The reformist, nationalist and revolutionary movements of the last one and a half centuries and the Ambedkarite movement have instilled a new sense of awareness in the Dalits. Under its influence they refuse to accept their status as ordained by the Indian caste system. This was given another dimension by the movement for land reforms, for reduction of crippling burdens on sharecropping tenants and for improvements in agricultural wages like the Telengana and Tebhaga agrarian movements and the agricultural labourers’ strikes in places like Thanjavur. It became necessary for the dominant classes drawn from upper castes in different parts of the country to forge new instruments of control. This is how atrocities, as we know them, made their debut on a large scale in the 60s. As the resistance of the Dalits has grown, so the frequency and brutal ferocity of atrocities have grown apace.
Existential problems of SCs
Along with an understanding of the Indian caste system in relation to Dalits, equally necessary for an understanding of untouchability and atrocities in their correct context and perspective is a picture of the existential conditions of SCs and STs, which continue to operate to this day even after nearly six decades of our glorious Constitution. No doubt there has been some amelioration of their conditions compared to the pre-Ambedkar, pre-Independence, pre-Constitution stage.
The present existential conditions of SCs are marked and marred by the following features:
(a) Landlessness and State’s failure to distribute land among all rural SC families
(b) Lack of irrigation for and poor development of even the little land held by SCs
(c) Condemnation of SCs to agricultural servitude and other hard labour with poor wages/remuneration
(d) Condemnation to safai karamcharis or human scavenging
(e) Subjection to rampant bonded labour
(f) Denial of social security and modern facilities and conditions of work for the agricultural labour sector and the rest of the unorganised labour sector which accounts for 93 percent of the entire labour force of the country and among whom SCs, including those belonging to religious minorities (SCRM) are prominently placed. In addition, including socially and educationally backward classes belonging to religious minorities (SEdBCRM) and STs including those belonging to religious minorities (STRM) are also significantly present
(g) Exclusion of majority of SC children from the main school system, which manifests itself as non-enrolment (including false enrolment), low rates of enrolment, high rates of dropouts (which partly is adjustment of false/formal enrolments) and low rate of survivors at the end of school.
(h) Denial of quality education and denial of “level playing field” at every level of education — particularly at higher educational level. Failure to enact reservation in private educational institutions pursuant to the 93rd amendment of 2005 and following the successful defence and upholding by the Supreme Court of the Central Educational Institutions (Reservation in Admission) Act, 2006
(i) Grabbing away in 2003 of funds provided in 1996 for establishing residential schools for quality education for SCs (also similar schools for STs and BCs)
(j) Denial of access to market opportunities
(k) Trivialisation, routinisation and truncation of special component plan (SCP) for scheduled castes, which was initiated about a quarter century back (in the late 1970s)
(l) Poor outlays in the budgetary heads of welfare/ social justice ministry
(m) Unsatisfactory implementation, quantitatively and qualitatively, of existing centrally sponsored schemes (CSS) and other existing developmental instrumentalities
(n) Special problems of Nomadic, semi-Nomadic and Vimukta Jati, (formerly criminal) communities have missed attention. Their problems are different from those of the numerically large SC/ST/BC communities.
(o) Nominations to national commissions for deprived categories are often made inappropriately, thereby crippling their functional efficiency and converting national commissions largely into national omissions. Gross delays in tabling of annual reports in Parliament and in public domain, defeat their purpose
(p) Poor representation of SC, ST and SEdBCs in important bodies relevant to development and empowerment
(q) Half-hearted implementation of reservation in central as well as state governments, PSUs, PSBs, universities and leaving in the limbo bill for reservation for SCs and STs in the services of the State in order to provide statutory base and force for them
(r) Tampering with and diluting pre-existing reservation rules, including relegation of SCs and STs from the first and third positions in the pre-1977 roster to the seventh and thirteenth positions in 1977 by misinterpreting the Supreme Court judgement in the Sabharwal case
(s) Denial of normal service benefits and progress to SCs
(t) Denial of entry for SCs in technical, supervisory and managerial positions in the organised private sector till date
(u) Depriving SCs of reservation in PSUs while privatising them and consequent reduction in number of reserved posts
(v) Continuance of atrocities and practice of untouchability
(w) Failure to establish Dalit-friendly administration at all levels and to adopt Dalit-friendly personnel policy
Existential problems of STs
Scheduled tribes share in common many of the existential problems of the SCs. However, following are some of the difficulties faced by the former exclusively:
(i) Fraudulent and illegal dispossession of STs from their lands, often with implicit or even open collusion by those wielding power
(ii) Consequent reduction of large numbers of STs into landless agricultural wage labourers
(iii) Conversion of tribals into minorities in traditional tribal territories
(iv) Depriving STs from their traditional rights in forests. The Indian Forest Act 1927, of colonial vintage, had been continued after independence till the Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act was passed in December, 2006. But, the implementation of this Act is facing rough weather of late
(v) Failure to reverse the process of shrinkage of non-timber forest produce or NTFP (minor forest produce or MFP), on which a large proportion of STs depend wholly or partly for their livelihood
(vi) As part of the exploitation process, poor prices being paid by private merchants as well as governmental and cooperative agencies for NTFP/MFP collected by STs
(vii) Displacement of STs from their lands and territories in the name of industries, mining, hydel plants, irrigation, township and other projects, the benefit of which accrues to non-tribals and non-tribal territories, major proportion of project displaced persons (PDPs) are STs
(viii) Displacement of tribal communities from their traditional common property survival resources through creation of national parks, sanctuaries and biosphere reserves
(ix) Delayed formation of the second commission on the administration of the scheduled areas & welfare of STs under Article 339 (1), and lack of action on its report submitted by the commission to the government in 2004. Further lack of transparency regarding action proposed and failure in tabling the report in Parliament and placing it in public domain
Atrocities against SCs and STs, along with untouchability against SCs, has to be seen as part of this large scheme of deliberate and comprehensive deprivation of SCs and STs against the socio-historical background of the caste system and its functioning; the inadequate efforts made by post-Independence and post-constitutional governance to terminate this evil and anti-national historical legacy, and the consequent present existential plight of the SCs and STs despite some amelioration after the Constitution. This applies in varying forms and varying extents to the backward classes. However, the present discussion is confined to SCs and STs as they constitute the worst victims of the inherited system, which is largely continuing, and the victims of atrocities are mainly the SCs and along with them, to a lesser extent, the STs.
Antecedents of PCR Act
Before Constitution of India, 1950
The following, in brief, were the pre-Constitution immediate antecedents of the Act:
- Exposure of untouchability and its wide ramifications as the Achilles’ Heel of the Indian society and the projected Indian polity by Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar at the round table conferences.
- Negotiations between Mahatma Gandhi and other Congress leaders with Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar in the Yeravda prison following Gandhi’s fast against the Macdonald Award in September 1924, the Mahatma-Babasaheb dialogue culminating in the Yeravda Pact.
- Consequent sensitisation of the nationalist movement and the Indian National Congress to untouchability and the injustices done to the SCs — its adoption of removal of untouchability as a major plank.
- l Enactment of the Madras Removal of Civil Disabilities Act, 1938 by the popular government of the Congress in Madras Presidency led by Rajaji.
- Similar enactments in many other provinces and princely states in the years shortly before or after independence and before the Constitution of India was adopted.
Under Constitution of India, 1950
- The watershed of Article 17 of independent India’s Constitution adopted in 1950 reads: “17. Abolition of untouchability – untouchability is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden. The enforcement of any disability arising out of untouchability shall be an offence punishable in accordance with law.”
- Enactment of the Untouchability (Offences) Act, 1955 w.e.f. from 01-06-1955, followed by immediate realisation of weaknesses of the Act.
- Consequent introduction of the Untouchability (Offences) Act amendment and Miscellaneous Provisions Bill in Lok Sabha in 1972 and its passing in 1976 as the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955 with stronger, but still inadequate, provisions with effect from 19.11.1976.
Antecedents of PoA Act
In modern times, atrocities can be traced back to the 19th century in parts of India when the discipline of untouchability began to be challenged by the “untouchables”. A committee which toured British India in 1920s for review of the working of the Government of India Act, 1919 noted that many atrocities were being committed during those days against the untouchables but were going unnoticed and unpunished because no witness would come forward to give evidence. Dr Ambedkar, then MLC of Bombay, cited some early instances of atrocities against Dalits in Annexure A to the statement submitted by him to the Indian statutory commission (Simon Commission) on behalf of the Bahishkrita Hitakarini Sabha on 29.05.1928, including the rioting and mass assaults on Dalits on 20.03.1927 for asserting their right to drinking water from the public chowdar tank in Mahad, Kolaba district; and the mass assaults on and burning down of the dwellings of Balai people (SC) in Indore district. The early post-independence signal of the Ramanathapuram riots of 1957 starting with the assassination of the young educated Dalit leader Emmanuel for daring to defy untouchability-based interdicts on SCs did not register on the national radar though the state government took strong measures to quell the attacks on SCs. Under pressure of Dalit MPs, the government started monitoring atrocities from 1974, and in the case of STs 1981 onwards with special focus on murder, rape, arson and grievous hurt.
There was a flare up of atrocities in and from 1977 onwards. The then home minister in defence, apparently to show that atrocities were not as serious as claimed, advanced the strange and shocking argument that the number of SC victims of atrocities was less than 15 percent, perhaps without understanding the implication of that argument that the SCs’ due share in this is equal to their population percentage (though their entitlement to this share in landownership, national wealth, etc. were not recognised). The outcry that followed persisted resulting in a cabinet reshuffle. At that time the government created the post of a joint secretary in the ministry of home affairs in charge of the subject of scheduled castes and backward classes including atrocities. I volunteered for this post and took up on top priority the task of monitoring of atrocities which I converted from mere receipt and transmission of statistical information, additionally into an active pursuit of individual gruesome incidents like Belchi, Bodh Gaya, Chainpur, Marathwada, Chikkabasavanahalli, Indravalli, etc. to their logical conclusion. The second important task was getting special courts with special judges for specific cases established by state governments, supported by carefully chosen special prosecutors and securing quick trials and execution of verdict without delay. In these efforts, I gratefully recall the total support of Dhaniklal Mandal, the then minister of state for home affairs. I continued this practice after the regime change in 1980 and similarly covered the atrocities at Pipra, Kafalta, Jetalpur, etc. This produced a crop of convictions and punishments including death sentences in Belchi.
Atrocities continued with rising ferocity and frequency as basic contradictions, vulnerabilities and causative factors were evaded by the State at national and state levels for obvious reasons and treatment was mainly symptomatic and palliative instead of the required radical solutions.
Under continued pressure of Dalit MPs and leaders, magnitude and gravity of problem was finally recognised by prime minister Rajiv Gandhi and he announced from the Red Fort in his Independence address on August 15, 1987 that an Act would be passed, if necessary, to check atrocities. I was called back from the state and appointed as special commissioner for SCs.
After intensive consultations the PoA Act emerged in September 1989 but not operationalised immediately under section 1 (3). I recall the active interest and support of Dr. B Shankaranand and the then home minister Buta Singh, particularly to my view that a new and stringent Act is necessary and it is not enough if the PCR Act is amended for this purpose as suggested by the ministry of welfare then.
In my capacity as secretary, ministry of welfare, I took the initiative to quickly operationalise the Act w.e.f. January 30, 1990, after urgent consultations with state governments in order to swiftly cut the Gordian knot.
Impact of PoA Act
The Act came as a watershed in the jurisprudence of protection for the SCs and STs and their better coverage by the right to life under Article 21 as creatively interpreted from time to time by India’s higher judiciary.
Over time it created a certain measure of confidence in Dalits that they have a protective cover and also produced a sense of wariness in the potential perpetrators of atrocities. However, the full thrust of the Act is not available on account of deficiencies in the Act and in various aspects of the implementation of the Act.
As a result of the traditional Indian socio-economic structure still largely prevalent today, most of the SCs live typically in a situation where they are the major segment/majority of agricultural wage labourers but a minority of the population. Their numerical vulnerability is accentuated by the socio-psychology of the caste system precluding support for them from labourers of other castes whose affinity is unfortunately more towards the large landowners of their respective castes. Juxtaposition of a caste of agricultural labourers (SC) with a caste of land-based DUC or DMC or DMBC to which most of the large landowners belong, provides an explosive situation which can be ignited by any immediate spark. Dalits’ resistance to various forms of discrimination and demand for normal civilised inter-personal, inter-community relations is opposed especially by major land-owning and land-controlling DUCs, DMCs and DMBCs.
The upward mobility that a small proportion of SCs have achieved through education and reservation and consequent change in lifestyle is an eyesore to those who are accustomed to seeing SCs as only indigent and subservient labourers.
Even legitimate protection of their rights when encroached upon by others (the instance of encroachment on Balmiki Ashram land in Gohana in Haryana by an adjacent lawyer of the dominant upper castes) is perceived as intolerable and insolent rebellion and is resentfully stored in the mind waiting for an opportunity to wreak collective “vengeance”.
Evidential analysis of atrocities
Atrocities out of demand for better wages
- Kilavenmani holocaust in Tamil Nadu, 25.12.1968
- Atrocity in Gurha Slathian, Jammu & Kashmir, 1985,
- Bihar massacres at Belchi, 27.05.1979
- Pipra, 26-27.02.1980
- Nonhi-Nagawa, 16-17.06.1988
- Damuha-Khagri Toli, 11.08.1988
Atrocities connected with bonded labour
- Killing of Bacchdas in Mandsaur district, MP, 1982
- Atrocity on bonded SC quarrying labourers at Chikkabasavanahalli, near Bangalore, Karnataka, 1976
Atrocities connected with land
- Atrocity in Rakh Amb Tali, Jammu & Kashmir, 10.07.1988
- Killings etc., in Bihar at Bodh Gaya, 08.08.1979
- Chainpur, 10.12.1978
- Khairlanji, Maharashtra, 29.09.2006
Atrocities connected with civic facilities
- Killings & arson in Kachur, MP, 25.06.1985
- Atrocity in Diyalpur, Haryana 26.11.1997
- Hold-up of dead bodies of aged women, one each in Konalam, Tamil Nadu, 1982 and Patchalanadakuda, AP, 1989
Atrocities graduating from untouchability
- Jetalpur, Gujarat, 1980
- Destruction/damaging of hundreds of huts/houses in many villages of south Arcot & adjoining districts, Tamil Nadu, September 1987 & January 1988
- Massacre on account of an SC bridegroom riding on horseback at Kafalta, Uttar Pradesh, 09.05.1980
- Masari, Rajasthan, 09.07.1989
- Panwari, Uttar Pradesh, 02-06-1990
- Kumher, Rajasthan, 06.06.1992
- Drinking water segregation-related untouchability
- School in Divrali, Rajasthan, December 1983
- Kachur, Madhya Pradesh, 25.06.1985
- Udamgal-Khanapur, Karnataka, 06.02.1988
- Killings etc., on temple entry right issue at Hanota, MP, 1984, (rare case of death sentence for two on 11.10.1988)
- Nathdwara, Rajasthan, 1988 and again in 2004
Atrocities connected with Dalit assertion of self-respect & equality
- Eight Dalits were massacred, some of them well educated, in Tsunduru, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, 06.08.1991.
- Gohana, Sonepat District, Haryana where on August 31, 2005, 55 houses were destroyed by arson and another 97 houses were looted. All of them were pucca houses. Twenty-five percent Balmikis of this town have, through their hard labour, savings and some education gave up the traditional occupation of scavenging and switched to more dignified occupations with some dignity.
- The atrocities extending over eight to nine days from August 1, 1978 on Dalits in Marathwada following the resolution moved by the chief minister in the assembly for renaming the Marathwada University after Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar’s name in response to a long standing Dalit desire and in fulfillment of earlier promises. In the name of opposing the proposed renaming, on the one hand mobs attacked Dalit agricultural labourers with whom land-owning DUC had enmity on account of constant wage-disputes; on the other hand educated Dalits were targeted because of the improvement registered in their standard of life and education.
Analysis of atrocities on STs
A large majority of STs live in their own tribal territories or homelands where they are in majority and therefore are safe from physical attacks that SCs are vulnerable to. But when they are drawn out of their territories into the plains as migrant labourers etc., they become equally vulnerable as the SCs. One of the serious cases of atrocities on STs is the mass rape of six ST women labourers in Padaria, Bihar.
In their homelands they are sometimes subjected to mass killing not at the hands of mobs but the police when they resist illegal acquisition of their lands or their other age-old traditional rights. On April 19, 1985, in Banjhi area of Sahibganj district in Bihar, 15 STs including an ex-MP were killed in police firing on an agitated mob protesting against deprivation of traditional fishing rights by the government, which settled a tank in favour of a non-local, non-ST.
The second incident was in Indravalli, Adilabad district of Andhra Pradesh in 1978 where 10 STs were killed in police firing in connection with a land dispute. Killing in police action is not covered by the PoA and many more deficiencies in the PoA Act hamper its benefits reaching the Dalits promptly, effectively and fully and right to life under Article 21 has not been made a reality for them. The provision in section 14 (2) requiring the state government to specify for each district a court of session to be a special court to try the offences under this Act is also not fully implemented. This contradicts the very purpose “of providing for speedy trial”, because trial will not be speeded up by merely calling an existing court (with all of its load of various cases) a special court. Instead the section ought to have provided and even now ought to provide for the establishment of an exclusive special court in each district exclusively to try the offences under this Act, on day-to-day basis and no other offences with corresponding provisions for an exclusive special public prosecutor and a special investigating officer.
Section 3 in the Act does not list among the crimes of atrocities social boycott, economic boycott, social blackmail and economic blackmail, which are realities faced by Dalits whenever they make just demands or resist injustices or asserts their rights. Section 3 (2) of the Act does not provide death sentence for murder where the court considers death sentence appropriate.
The protection of section 10 of the Act by externment is not available for the SCs who are the main victims of the atrocities (more than 80 percent of atrocities against SCs and STs are committed on SC) while the share of SCs specifically in cases of arson and grievous hurt is close to 90 percent.
The Act also fails to take the SC converts to Christianity (SCX) or Dalit Christians within the protective umbrella of its ambit though SCX have been subjected to atrocities not because of their religion but because of the same reason why SC Hindus have been victimised. This was among the issues, which held up the commencement of the proper trial in the Tsunduru case till November 2004.
Deficiencies in implementation
This falls in addition to deficiencies in the Act itself. No matter how sound an Act is, unless the personnel at different levels in charge of its implementation perform totally in accordance with the letter and spirit of the Act, its implementation will fall short of the objective of reaching the protection of the Act to all the people intended. One of the practical problems experienced by the victims and survivors of atrocities and by Dalit and human rights activists at the field level is the indifference of local level personnel and callous attitude of higher authorities (all subject to honourable exceptions).
Analysis of atrocities
A close study of the annual reports laid in Parliament as required by section 21 (4) of the PoA Act reveals that of the total number of cases with police at beginning of each year including those brought forward from previous year, only 50-60 percent have been charge sheeted in courts.
Table (1) shows the percentages of disposal of cases in courts.
(Latest Annual Report tabled on 25.11. & 28.11.2005)
|1||Percentage of cases in which trial completed in courts at beginning of the year including B/F of previous year||14 %||21 %||11 %||8 %||10 %|
|2||Percentage of cases convicted to trial- completed cases||13 %||11 %||12 %||11 %||12 %|
|3||Percentage of cases acquitted or discharged to trial completed cases||88 %||89 %||88 %||89 %||88 %|
|4||Percentage of cases convicted to total cases in courts||2 %||2 %||1 %||1 %||1 %|
|5||Percentage of cases acquitted or discharged to total cases in courts||12 %||18 %||9 %||6 %||8 %|
From the point of view of the victims of atrocities the figures in the 4th row are the most relevant. While they may not be aware of statistical details, the victims’ perception is that the Act and its implementation fall far short of their expectation and need and the SCs in each area are aware of the acquittals in many serious cases of atrocities and consequent miscarriage of justice.
The Dalits perceive this as a failure of the complete system and are not interested in the apportionment of blame among the different limbs of the system and of the State.
The low figures in row 1 are also within their perception in the shape of the situation in which substantive trial in Tsunduru (06.08.1981) case could start only in November 2004 and the Kumher (06.06.1992) case is still languishing.
All in all, though the Act has given some sense of security to the Dalits, its effectiveness has not measured up to its potential and purpose on account of deficiencies in the Act and delay and laches in investigations and the slow progress of trial and large scale acquittals.
Further, the annual reports laid before Parliament do not bear the impress of in depth and critical analysis, identification of problems and efforts at resolution. They look like a mere enumerative and uncritical recital of state governments’ reports. For e.g., there is nothing to explain the sudden and steep and prima-facie inexplicable and incredible fall of new cases registered in Uttar Pradesh from 9,764 in 2001 to 5,841 in 2002 and 1,778 in 2003!
The greatest defect is that special mobile courts do not exist in every district as a means of handing out swift and deterrent punishment on the spot. Wherever a mobile court exists and has delivered punishment immediately, I have personally seen the impact of fear and curbing of untouchability practice at least for some time (doses need to be repeated periodically for this chronic disease).
Where special mobile courts exist their functioning is often hampered by thoughtless actions like withdrawal of vehicles, rendering mobile courts immobile on certain occasions, keeping vacant posts unfilled etc. This has laid the foundation for non-and-ineffective implementation of the categorical constitutional mandates of Article 17 read with Article 14 and 46.
Deficiencies in implementation
The deficiencies in the Act have been compounded by severe deficits of implementation all along the line, presenting a more dismal picture than even the implementation of the POA Act.
Following are the highlights of a statistical analysis of the annual reports tabled in each house of Parliament by the government from 1977 up to 2003:
- Of the total number of cases with police at beginning of each year including those brought forward from previous year, only 1/8th to 1/5th have been chargesheeted in courts.
- A number of states are reporting nil against new cases registered in the year, which is far from reality.
- The number of cases reported by many states is unrealistically low, for example, only two in 2002 and three in 2003 in Tamil Nadu.
- The percentage of conviction in courts and other quantitative data are much more bleak than even for the PoA Act both at the police stage as well as at the court stage.
- The figures do not mesh with the ground level reality of rampant untouchability and the registration and variations is apparently the product of casualness and in some cases perhaps even election-related remote controls.
Even the pan-India picture belongs to a different world away from reality.
The annual reports do not contain any indication either of the state governments or the central government making efforts to fulfill the specific mandates of section 15A nor do they show any application of mind to critically identify deficiencies and anomalies in the reported statistics and correct them.
Some neo-modern forms of untouchability have appeared in rural as well as urban areas in many parts of the country, in keeping with new developments. For example, explicit caste bias at village teashops is a recent phenomenon which has paved way for a variety of discriminatory practices such as separate seating, separate and usually old, dirty and cracked or chipped glasses, for SCs.
In many metropolitan areas, untouchability has seemingly attenuated, but is practised with sophisticated concealment in variety of ingenious ways, revealing creativity worthy of a better cause. In many modern offices, Dalits have to suffer snide remarks and quiet and neat acts of discrimination.
Acts need more teeth
In the Dalit manifesto of 1996, I listed some important measures required to strengthen the Act so as to make the right to life guaranteed by Article 21 of the Constitution to every person a reality for the SCs and STs and also included therein drafts of related amendment of sections 14 and 15 and inserting a new clause 15(A). These related to the establishment of a court of session in each district to be a special court exclusively to try the offences under this Act, appointment of a public prosecutor for each such court for the purpose exclusively of conducting cases under this Act, and appointment of a police officer as investigating officer exclusively for the purpose of investigation of the cases under the Act. The measures also included certain related matters in order to see that the purpose of the above provisions is not administratively defeated such as the stipulation that the judges, the special public prosecutors and the special investigating officers should be appointed from panels prepared on the basis of their record and reputation for upholding the rights of SCs and STs, especially their right to protection from violence. The Dalit manifesto also contained a draft of the amendment of clause (3) of section 2 of the Act to include social boycott, economic boycott, social blackmail, economic blackmail as atrocities, recognition of any form of disrespect to the statues of Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar as a collective atrocity against SCs and STs, and to provide for death sentence for murder as provided in section 302 of the IPC and for mandatory death sentence for multiple murders, multiple mass rapes and gang rapes. The draft further contained an amendment of section (10) so as to make the provision of externment of a person likely to commit an offence in order to protect SCs and STs who reside outside scheduled areas or tribal areas and other measures like the constitution of a special wing of rapid action force at the Central level as well as state levels, to exclusively deal with atrocities against SCs and STs so that any outbreaks could be quelled promptly. These have been pursued from time to time with different governments personally as well as through letters.
The Dalit manifesto also included amendments required in the PCR Act like mandatory establishment of a special mobile court in each district for trying cases under the PCR Act on the spot, and certain other administrative as well as civil society measures required to realise for the SCs and STs the right to life under Article 21 which includes right to live with self-respect, the practice of untouchability being a fundamental attack on the self-respect of the SCs.
These amendments and measures in respect of both the Act have also been recommended by the national commission to review the working of the constitution (NCRWC).
Role of human rights bodies
A number of Dalit and human rights organisations and activists have been engaged in helping and guiding SC and ST victims and survivors of atrocities towards rehabilitation. The groups’ grassroots experience has brought out specific problems of implementation. These are partly traceable to the lacunae in the PoA Act and partly to the lackadaisical way in which individuals are positioned in posts of responsibility for actual day-to-day implementation of the Act and indifference, subject to honourable exceptions, at the top levels of the political and permanent executive at the national, state and sub-state levels.
After twenty years
This is the twentieth year since the Act came into existence. The Act was passed by Parliament and received the assent of the president on September 11, 1989 and came into force with effect from January 30, 1990. A number of Dalit and human rights organisations feel that now time should be utilised to critically review the performance of the State and its various limbs in its implementation and the realisation of the objective of the Act and to come out with measures required to further strengthen the PoA Act, 1989 and Rules, 1995 including essential amendments to the Act and other measures required to ensure its more effective implementation. A preliminary draft on the amendments had been prepared by a working group, which included various points already mentioned in the Dalit manifesto of 1996 and others arising from the field experience of the last 20 years. This preliminary draft was sent to a number of Dalit and human rights organisations for their feedback and suggestions. A national coalition for strengthening the PoA Act and its implementation was also set up in September 2009. The coalition has on its agenda the finalisation of the draft and to review, finalise and prioritise the amendments proposed and to work out the strategies and other measures for strengthening the Act and Rules and to secure their effective implementation and for the purpose to undertake mobilisation of Dalits, friends of Dalits and all those who believe that the security and empowerment of Dalits is the sine qua non for the security and empowerment of India.
Amendments required in the Act include:
(a) Amendments required to speed up trials and the pre-trial process.
(b) To bring into the list of atrocities certain crimes which do occur but were not included in section 3 of the Act. Major examples are social boycott, economic boycott, social blackmail and economic blackmail.
(c) Amendment to section 10 to make externment relevant to the scheduled castes situation also.
(d) A new chapter incorporating the rights of victims and witnesses. One specific problem area which needs much consideration pertains to the terms “with intent”, “intentionally”, “intending”, “knowing it to be likely”, etc. and the interpretation placed on these terms by courts in trials.
(e) Strengthening and elaborating the presumption clause in section 8 is also an area needing careful thought. These are ideas that have been initiated and require to be developed.
Other than amendments to the Act, some measures have to be adopted to ensure that the State as a whole and every limb of the State function effectively and sincerely, taking the constitutional mandates on the State and the constitutional rights of Dalits with the seriousness that they deserve and need. This is a matter which requires careful thought based on the field experience of Dalit and human rights organisations and activists so that practical and practicable measures can be evolved, to be taken up with the government and political parties. This can include training and orientation of lawyers and activists to utilise the Act and the socio-historical inputs contained in this so as to make their role in court and pre-court stages most effective.
Along with these measures, directly connected with the Act, the Rules and their implementation, are related matters like the impact of the recent amendment to section 41 of the CrPC and the need for a constitutional amendment to provide the entry “development, welfare and protection of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes” in “List III – concurrent list” of the seventh schedule of the Constitution. The amendment to section 41 of CrPC is the outcome of human rights advocacy in view of the feeling that the powers of police to make arrest are used indiscriminately against the poor and the helpless. While this feeling is justified in the general context, the context of atrocities is different. Here, the accused include or are backed by persons of influence and power. In such a case, the problem faced is not the indiscriminate arrest by police, but hesitation or even unwillingness to make arrest. Therefore, this amendment needs a further amendment to exclude from its purview the PoA Act, the PCR Act and other Acts for the protection of the weak against the powerful like the Bonded Labour System Abolition Act, 1976. At the same time, the provision in section 41 empowering victims and survivors to go on appeal on their own even when the State is hesitant or unwilling is welcome and must be preserved.
The above constitutional amendment proposed earlier in the Dalit manifesto 1996 etc will remove a serious gap in the seventh schedule and will help in strengthening the comprehensive social justice action.
This focused campaign has drawn together a number of Dalit and human rights organisations and activists on a united platform. This is a good augury for similar focused campaigns, jointly by all Dalit and human rights and patriotic organisations and activists on many other issues pertaining to the rights of the SCs and STs (the resumption of the thread for a bill of reservation for SC and ST in services under the State and a bill for reservation in private educational institutions, other education-related and land-related issues, etc. and issues listed in the draft common minimum programe, 2009 in respect of scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and backward classes and the Himalaya Proclamation (2004), all of which have been communicated to different political parties and leaders). This campaign can also be utilised to spread awareness among agencies of the State and members of the civil society, including the leaders of the print and visual media, of the need to actively help in and contribute to the control and elimination of atrocities and untouchability. This task should not be left only to the Dalits. Leaders of the executive, both political executive as well as permanent civil executive, can bring about a zero-atrocity and a zero-untouchability situation in the country if they take pro-active interest in extirpating these twin blots on India’s face which are sapping national energy and optimal national progress. For example, if the political heads of the State at the national and state levels can spend even five minutes in their tours to different parts of the country and enquire in public view and hearing about the atrocity situation and particularly about major cases and the progress of action taken in respect to them, it will have an electrifying effect on the entire system. A few minutes with victims of atrocities will help lift the morale and self-confidence of the long-suffering Dalits. This is also true of the heads of civil administration at the national, state, district and intermediate levels and the heads of the police forces at all levels. They now have, in the NREGA, an instrument, very effective if instituted promptly in every village where atrocities take place, to counteract social and economic boycott and blackmail which intend to cow down victims, survivors and other possible witnesses. The heads of local bodies, both rural and urban, can make an intense contribution within their areas and thus make Panchayati Raj more meaningful for Dalits.
During the campaign it must be brought home to educated members of civil society that continued neglect in curbing atrocities and untouchability will not only heap continued human injustice on Dalits but also sap India’s potential for growth and, therefore, it is in their own enlightened self-interest to actively cooperate with Dalit and human rights organisations and activists in eliminating atrocities and untouchability.
Possible help 2
The higher judiciary can play a decisive helping hand in certain aspects of atrocities and untouchability. For example, the high courts in their capacity as overall superintendence of lower courts may, it is respectfully suggested, consider measures to speed up disposals with special attention to cases of massive and gruesome atrocities, and creation of possible special arrangements for clearance of arrears, and meanwhile ensure full physical and economic protection for the victims, complainants and witnesses (the importance of this emerges from the findings of the committee of 1920 referred to earlier and has been poignantly brought home again recently by the Kambalapalli case acquittals in Karnataka) — in some cases this protection may need to cover a whole community under attack or threat in a village or tract.
(a) Provision of guidance to vastly minimise acquittals so that there is no significant gap between reality as widely known and trial-outcomes. In this context chief justice (Rtd) A S Anand’s observation while delivering Bhimsen Sachar Memorial Lecture on 03.12.2005 as the then chairman of NHRC, that the present situation “resulted in the citizen getting tempted to take the law into his own hands and take recourse to extra-judicial methods to settle scores and seek redress of his grievance”, is very relevant. [In this context it may be recalled, not approvingly but as a warning, that the first accused in the Kilavenmani case who was acquitted with all other accused, was murdered on the 10th anniversary of the atrocity and a prominent personality of Karamchedu, who was believed by Dalits to be the main person behind the Karamchedu atrocity but was not even chargesheeted was also later murdered, the Naxalites claiming credit for it and getting popularity at the cost of established democratic institutions].
(b) Utilisation of the inputs of this presentation regarding the miserable plight of the Dalits under the ICS, the vulnerability of the SCs and STs in their present existential situation, to provide a socially realistic perspective to the lower judiciary in dealing with atrocities, and in drawing permissible presumptions in addition to the mandatory presumption prescribed by section 8 of the Act, along lines similar to the way the Supreme Court and high courts have sensitised evidentiary evaluation of the testimonies of rape victims.
(c) Making the record of judicial officers in dealing effectively with cases of atrocities (and similarly also PCR Act cases) a criterion while considering proposals for elevation to the Bench of high courts.
For quick disposal of appeals from judgements and interim orders of the trial court, institution of special arrangements similar to the creation of environment benches.
(d) Arrangements to pass quick orders in PILs, instituted by Dalit rights organisations in a number of high courts and issue of specific directions to the executive so as to help move matters effectively forward
(e) It is also respectfully suggested that the POA Act and the PCR Act and meeting the challenge of reaching fully, promptly and effectively their benefits to the SCs and STs and ensuring their proper and effective implementation at the various police stages upto chargesheeting in courts, and at the trial stage in courts is a most deserving and essential area for activism in the best established traditions of India’s higher judiciary.
The last word
A recent article on the website of the China Institute for International Strategic Studies (CISS), one of the top ten Chinese thinktanks, shows that those who bear ill-will towards India have identified as a critical weakness of India its caste-based exploitativeness. It is in the interest of our country’s security and integrity to see that this weakness, of which an important manifestation is atrocities along with untouchability, is fully and finally removed.
After a long wait a ray of hope emerged when in September 2009, addressing a two-day conference of state ministers in-charge of SCs, STs, BCs and social justice, Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh expressed rude shock over the low rate of convictions in the cases of atrocities against SCs and STs. The prime minister further asked the state governments, the chief ministers and the state ministers to give more attention to this issue, ensure conduct of meetings of state and district level vigilance committees on a regular basis and pursue the cases of atrocities on priority. It is to be earnestly hoped that this initiative will be pursued and carried to the logical conclusion of zero tolerance of atrocities against SCs and STs and untouchability. It is also envisaged that the services, energies and experience of the large number of Dalit and human rights activists working for this cause in each state will be utilised and action will be taken on the various detailed measures including proposed amendments to the Act.
1. P. S. Krishnan, “Empowering Dalits for Empowering India — A Road Map’’. Delhi: Dr.B.R.Ambedkar Chair in Social Justice, Indian Institute of Public Administration / Manak Publications.
2. Based on and expanded from my presentation on 18.12.2005 at the National Judicial Colloquium on Disability and Law held on December 17-18, 2005 at New Delhi, organised by the Human Rights Law Network, New Delhi.
–The author is former Secretary, Government of India; and presently Chief Adviser, National Coalition for Strengthening the PoA Act and its Implementation; Chairman, Peoples Commission against Atrocities on Dalits; Chief Patron, National Action Forum for Social Justice; Chief Adviser, National Dalit Election Watch; and has been in the field of social justice for more than 50 years | <urn:uuid:f8035839-2f28-480c-b4dd-2f2f0aeb23cd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.combatlaw.org/atrocities-against-dalits-retrospect-and-prospect/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00474-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951905 | 11,727 | 2.375 | 2 |
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