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Near Gettysburg in Adams County, Pennsylvania — The American Northeast (Mid-Atlantic)
118th Pennsylvania Volunteers
Corn Exchange Regiment
—1st Brigade, 1st Division, 5th Corps —
Corn Exchange Reg't
1st Brigade 1st Division 5th Corps
Army of the Potomac
of "Wheat Field" July 2,
and held this position
July 3, and 4, 1863.
August 30, 1862
Mustered out June 1, 1865
Participated in 34 battles
Killed in battle 205
Died of wounds and disease 500
Missing in action 273
Original muster 960
Final muster of original members 139.
by the Commercial Exchange
formerly Corn Exchange
of Philadelphia, and the
surviving members of
Erected 1884 by the Commercial Exchange of Philadelphia.
Location. 39° 47.243′ N, 77° 14.332′ W. Marker is near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, in Adams County. Marker can be reached from South Confederate Avenue, on the right when traveling north. Click for map. Located on a trail to the crest of Big Round Top in Gettysburg National Military Park. Marker is in this post office area: Gettysburg PA 17325, United States of America.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker. 119th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers 20th Maine Regiment (about 300 feet away); 5th Pennsylvania Reserves (about 300 feet away); 12th Pennsylvania Reserves (about 400 feet away); 9th Massachusetts Infantry (about 500 feet away); Third Brigade (about 500 feet away); 10th Pennsylvania Reserves (about 600 feet away); Law's Brigade (approx. 0.2 miles away). Click for a list of all markers in Gettysburg.
Related markers. Click here for a list of markers that are related to this marker. 118th "Corn Exchange" Regiment at Gettysburg.
Also see . . .
1. 118th Pennsylvania Volunteers. Service history of the regiment. (Submitted on April 11, 2009, by Craig Swain of Leesburg, Virginia.)
2. 118th Pennsylvania Volunteers Monument. SIRIS entry for the monument. (Submitted on April 11, 2009, by Craig Swain of Leesburg, Virginia.)
Categories. • War, US Civil •
Credits. This page originally submitted on , by Craig Swain of Leesburg, Virginia. This page has been viewed 1,325 times since then and 5 times this year. Photos: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. submitted on , by Craig Swain of Leesburg, Virginia. This page was last revised on June 16, 2016. | <urn:uuid:22617fd0-792f-4b6e-b686-8f87ff0af97e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=17833 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00218-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922339 | 564 | 2.25 | 2 |
On the Bank of the Chippewa
Posted by Literary Titan
On the Bank of the Chippewa by Steven Lomske is a heartwarming tale of a family living on a small farm in rural Michigan during the time period of 1965-1981. The story revolves around Steven and his relationship with his brothers, which shatters over time after Paul and Steven develop feelings for the same woman. Jealousy and resentment ruin the brotherly bond, and the two of the brothers, Paul and Gus, go their own ways leaving Steven behind. The story takes a turn when an unexpected event brings the brothers back together on the same old farm, and generations of this family reunite.
During this time, Steven discovers his family’s legacy and secrets that were long forgotten. Their ancestor’s tragic history, sacrifice, and heroism in WW1 make the boys see the world from a whole new perspective. The question remains whether this long-held secret will bring the family back together or give roots to greed and deception once again.
Author Steven Lomske’s debut novel On the Bank of the Chippewa is a delightful tale that will take you on an emotional roller coaster. The visual description of central Michigan is applause-worthy as Lomske’s amazing writing gave me a vivid image of what it’s like to live on a farm. This coming-of-age story is emotional, tragic, and heartwarming all at once, and this story reminded me of Legends of The Fall.
Lomske has created amazing characters, such as the boys’ grandmother, who gave life-changing lessons in this novel, and you can’t help but love her. We get to see the brothers as they grow up together close, but they start to change, especially once Shannon comes into the picture. The historical aspects that were placed in the story give the book a realistic feel. The author shows that though conflicts and deception can tear a family apart, the blood bond and love are like the river of Chippewa, and it will flow no matter what.
On the Bank of the Chippewa is historical fiction with family drama that is impossible to put it down because readers will want to know more about the boys and their lives.
Pages: 302 | ASIN : B09WDKRT1G
About Literary TitanThe Literary Titan is an organization of professional editors, writers, and professors that have a passion for the written word. We review fiction and non-fiction books in many different genres, as well as conduct author interviews, and recognize talented authors with our Literary Book Award. We are privileged to work with so many creative authors around the globe.
Posted on August 3, 2022, in Book Reviews, Five Stars and tagged author, book, book recommendations, book review, book reviews, book shelf, bookblogger, books, books to read, ebook, familiy saga, fiction, goodreads, historical fiction, kindle, kobo, literature, nook, novel, On the Bank of the Chippewa, read, reader, reading, saga fiction, Steven Lomske, story, writer, writing. Bookmark the permalink. Leave a comment.
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Selected Comments on Inside GHQ, a Prodigious Work
Social determinants of GHQ score by postal survey
Haig’s Intelligence: GHQ and the German Army, 1916-1918. By Jim Beach.
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A whelp is a term breeders use for newborn puppies, who are all blind and deaf at birth and must rely on their mother for food. A canine mother will protect her young from the dangerous world outside her space and keep her puppies warm and fed. Breeders and dog owners can use a few methods when building or choosing boxes for an expectant dog.
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You can build a safe, warm and effective pen for your mama dog and her pups using sheets of quality, durable plywood. Make the whelping box at least 4 feet by 4 feet, and up to 8 by 8 feet depending on the size of the dog and number of offspring. When you have created a topless pen, cut a 12-inch side out of one edge of the box so the mother can step over the ledge and walk in and out, while keeping puppies in. The puppies should never be able to climb, crawl, scrape or burrow their way out of the whelping box.
Some breeders use half of a large plastic crate or a baby pool, but neither is recommended because puppies can slide on the slippery surface and hurt themselves. Instead, use parts of objects around the house to create a box, such as spare wood used for a deck and locks and hinges from a gate. Keep in mind that bigger does not mean more luxurious when creating a whelping box. A mother has to tend to all of her pups, and a 20-foot-wide pen may make it difficult for her to keep track of all of them.
Consider what you would like as the bottom of the pen. If you use wood as the base of the box, the box can start to smell from all the droppings and urine, and you cannot disinfect wood. Instead, line the bottom with a sheet of linoleum or place the box on a linoleum floor in your home that you do not mind cleaning each day. On top of the flooring, lay either fleece blankets approved by a vet, newspapers or a waterproof mat.
Breeders like to add pig rails inside the box. Pig rails are 4- to 6-inch-high rails that line the perimeter of the box. Mother pigs rely on these rails in their pens because they tend to lose their footing and accidentally sit on their piglets. Mother dogs also sometimes lose their footing with so many furry creatures nudging their legs. These rails keep the mama dog from sitting on and squashing one of her pups that she does not see or hear behind her. The rails give the puppy room to squirm out from under her because the bar keeps the mother from resting her full weight on the side of the pen.
Consider purchasing the entire box instead. Obtain a high-quality, durable whelping box from a breeder or reputable dog supply company you know or have heard about through a friend or other breeder. When testing the box in the store, make sure the box does not rattle and that the wall panels are sturdy and do not bend when you lean on them with your weight. Store-bought whelping boxes generally use PVC or other kinds of plastic panelling. Check that the box is washable and will not allow bacteria build-up. Usually, plastics are simple to wipe clean and keep fresh for the next litter of pups. You may choose to purchase a disposable whelping box that you will toss out when the litter grows out of it.
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- Hilarious things Google thinks you're trying to search for | <urn:uuid:133e6f4f-f36e-47b0-8a81-39393e0f538d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ehow.co.uk/list_6587520_whelping-box-ideas.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00429-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953063 | 747 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Top 8 Best Korean Cookbooks Reviews
Table of Contents
Korean cuisine follows the traditional cooking practices of the culinary art of Korea. It has evolved through centuries of political and social change. The cuisine in this part of the world has developed through a composite interface of different cultural trends and natural environment. Korean cuisine is largely based on vegetables, rice and meats. In general, Korean meals are known for many side-dishes that encompass steam-cooked short-grain rice.
Also, Koreans generally serve kimchi with every meal. Some of the commonly used ingredients encompass napa cabbage, gochujang, gochugaru, garlic, salt, soy sauce, doenjang, and sesame oil.
In general, in Korea, dishes and ingredients differ by province. Many local recipes have turned national dishes in this part of the world. Foods that were once confined to a specific region have proliferated in varied disparities across the nation.
If you wish to learn some Korean dishes, the right Korean cookbook can help you with this. With many cookbooks available to teach you Korean recipes, we have shortlisted some cookbooks that will help you with preparing Korean dishes.
#1 Korean Food Made Simple
This Korean cookbook from author Judy Joo offers a collection of more than 125 simple Korean recipes. The author of this cookbook is popular as a host of the cooking channel television.
The author with the intention to bring Korean foods to the masses has proven that it is easy and fun to prepare these dishes right at your home. The author is a Korean-American who has the right understanding of how to make some exotic dishes. So, she has created this Korean cookbook with more than 100 recipes.
From this Korean cookbook, you will learn some well-loved recipes like Korean fried chicken, vegetable and beef rice bowl, sweet potato noodles, and kimchi. Also, the author has shared some less-traditional and creative recipes like Krazy Korean Burgers, Spicy Pork Belly Cheese Steak, and many others.
Many readers expressed that Korean foods have been made simple by the author of this cookbook. Further, some readers said that this cookbook has recipes that are easy to follow.
#2 The Kimchi Cookbook
This Korean cookbook from authors Olga Massov and Lauryn Chun share more than 60 modern and traditional ways to prepare and consume kimchi.
Through this cookbook, the authors have shared more than 60 recipes along with tips for creating and also cooking with kimchi. The recipes that they have shared through this cookbook can add a kick of flavor to any recipes that you prepare.
This book will take you through a step-by-step process in creating not just lighter, but also robust kimchi right at the comfort of your home. One of the authors of this book has explored a wide range of techniques and flavors for the creation of live-culture foods. You will learn how to prepare kimchi quickly within a few minutes.
Many readers feel that this is the go-to book for anyone interested in trying kimchi at home. Some of them also stated that the authors of this book are undoubtedly great teachers. They have explained each Korean food in detail in a way that anyone can easily understand.
#3 Korean Paleo: 80 Bold-Flavored, Gluten- and Grain-Free Recipes
If you wish to follow the Paleo diet with Korean recipes, this cookbook from author Jean Choi will be your best companion. The author has shared nearly 80 grain and gluten-free recipes that are bold-flavored to bring your dream of tasting the best Korean foods a reality.
With this Korean cookbook, you will be in a position to enjoy the healthier versions of all your Korean favorites with the innovative spin of the author. She has shared the traditional Korean recipes that were prepared right from her childhood days by her mom and other elders in the family.
The author of this book is not just a certified nutritional therapy practitioner, but also the founder of the What Great Grandma Ate website, where she has posted much nutritional information, Paleo recipes, instant pot recipes, etc. With this experience, she has created this book that will help you learn a whole lot of Korean recipes that you can prepare with ease.
Many readers are happy that they are able to learn many delicious Paleo Korean foods from this cookbook. Some readers are also of the opinion that this book shares some authentic and clean recipes.
#4 Korean BBQ: Master Your Grill in Seven Sauces
If you are a person interested in tasting grilled meat, this book from authors Bill Kim and Chandra Ram will make your day with great tasting Korean BBQ Dishes.
One of the authors of this Korean cookbook is a James Beard Award Finalist. He has created this book with his co-author as a practical and casual guide to grilling in Korean-American flavors. The authors together have posted 80 recipes that are customized for home cooks. Above all, they have posted the best alternatives to ingredients that are hard to find in some dishes.
One of the authors of this book Chef Bill Kim was born in Korea but was raised in the American Midwest. He has brought these two sensibilities together in this Korean Cookbook. He has translated some of the Korean flavors for the American consumers in an accessible and friendly manner. So, you will learn these great-tasting recipes that will suit your taste if you are more into American cooking.
Many readers felt that this book is filled with dishes having a whole lot of Korean flavors. Also, the outdoor cooking experience they got from this cookbook was appreciated by many readers.
#5 Cook Korean!: A Comic Book with Recipes
If you are a person interested in reading comic books, yet interested in learning some great-tasting Korean recipes, this book from Robina Ha will help you with your needs.
The author of this book Robina Ha is a New York Times best-selling author. She has given an attractive introduction to the fundamentals of Korean cooking in this cookbook in a novel form. She has shared more than 64 recipes along with ingredient profiles. The enjoyable comic-style that she has followed in her writing, makes this book even more interesting.
In addition to being fun to look at, this book is easy to use as well. The author has shared some unique combination of graphic novel and cookbook, which will help you get an ideal introduction to Korean cuisine home cooking. The author has clearly illustrated each step in every Korean food recipe she has shared. You will learn more than 60 traditional and even some modern dishes from this cookbook.
Many readers enunciated to us that this book is the best choice for those looking for a vegetarian Korean cooking guide. Some readers have stated that this is the only book they read from cover to cover as they really loved how the book has been made interesting by the author.
#6 Judy Joo’s Korean Soul Food
This is yet another Korean cookbook from the author Judy Joo. She has shared some authentic Korean dishes with modern twists through this cookbook. The author has rightly captured the hearts and the flavors of Korean foods through the recipes that she has shared in this cookbook.
Following the success of her cookbook Korean Food Made Simple, this author, who is a chef herself, has created this book with a collection of Korean recipes. She has shared the recipes that celebrate the joy of preparing Korean comfort foods in your home.
As the author has international experience and she has learned things from her own heritage, she has presented the recipes that appeal to everyone. You will learn many recipes starting from Korean street foods to snacks and even desserts and dumplings from this Korean cookbook.
Many readers appreciated the thoughtful layout of the book that makes it easy to reach the required page. Some readers stated that this book is a must-have for any person interested in tasting Korean food at home.
#7 Koreatown: A Cookbook
This Korean Cookbook from authors Matt Rodbard and Deuki Hong should be read as Kor-Eat-Own. Yes, this book will help you eat some Korean recipes by preparing them yourself.
One of the authors of this book is a New York Times Best-seller. The two authors have created this cookbook, which has gained the status as one of the most praised Korean cookbooks of all time. You will get to learn the recipes of flavors and foods of Korean towns located across the United States from this cookbook.
You might have heard or even you might have visited Korean towns in the United States. You know that they are synonymous with late-night chef hangouts and mealtime feasts. From this book, you will learn how to prepare the recipes served in these Korean towns. This book will teach you more than 100 such recipes.
Many readers voiced that this book can turn out to be the best gift for any person interested in preparing and tasting some great-tasting Korean recipes at home. Some readers also communicated that they made many recipes from this book and not even a single of them tasted bad.
#8 Seoul Food Korean Cookbook
From this Korean cookbook from author Naomi Imatome-Yun, you will learn many Korean recipes right from kimchi and bibimbap to bingsoo and fried chicken.
The author of this book has grown up in the US-Suburbs, where she helped her Korean grandmother cook some Korean classics. Also, for more than one-and-half decades, she has helped many non-Korean Americans and Korean Americans discover easiness of preparing authentic Korean dishes. So, you will love her book for sure.
You will learn more than 125 Korean recipes with step-by-step instructions to prepare each Korean food. Even, the author has kept a dedicated chapter for Korean bar foods like Pork Bone Soup and some fusion favorites like Army Base Stew,
Many readers admitted that this book helped them to explore new Korean dishes that they have not even tried earlier. Also, many readers stated that this book helped them to learn the Korean name for many essential ingredients.
Of these 8 Korean cookbooks that we have reviewed here, our choice is Cook Korean as the best book. The reason is that this book is more than just a cookbook. As against sharing just the recipes and ingredients, the author has created this book like a comic, which makes this book more engaging and interesting to read. | <urn:uuid:1877646e-3eee-4aba-8749-4433cb5b836b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mychineserecipes.com/top-best-korean-cookbooks-reviews/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.969849 | 2,144 | 1.804688 | 2 |
Bible teaches Costco a lesson: genre matters(Read article summary)
Booksellers need to be careful when they assign a book a genre – as Costco learned when it categorized the Bible as 'fiction.'
Forget about subject matter. In the controversial world of publishing and retail, even genre can stir a storm of biblical proportions.
By now, you’ve probably heard about the incident in Southern California, where a pastor tweeted a picture of a Bible for sale at a Costco labeled “fiction.”
‘Costco has Bibles for sale under the genre of FICTION,” Caleb Kaltenbach, pastor at the non-denominational Discovery Church, wrote. “Hmmm….”
Reaction was swift, strong – and mixed.
Others said they saw nothing wrong with the label and applauded Costco’s labeling.
In the end, Costco apologized and said it fixed the problem, which it said was an accident. End of story?
Not quite. The incident got us to wondering about the seemingly straightforward science of genre labeling. Sometimes there’s a very fine line that divides fact from fiction, or more specifically, memoir from fiction, or science fiction from fantasy, or historical fiction from fiction. And while that may not appear to be a significant problem at first glance, genre labeling can convey a strong message – as when the Bible, or a memoir, is labeled fiction.
It can also make or break an author’s livelihood. That’s because certain genres are very popular and are more likely to be sought out and discovered at a library or bookstore. In fiction, for example, some 48 percent of readers read mystery/thriller/crime books in the past year, according to a poll by Harris Interactive, as compared with, say, Westerns, which only 5 percent of readers read. Also high on the list was science fiction (26 percent), literature (24 percent), and romance (21 percent). Chick-lit (8 percent) and graphic novels (11 percent) were relatively low interest genres.
In non-fiction, history (31 percent) and biography (29 percent) take top spots, with true crime (12 percent) and business (10 percent) titles drawing far less interest.
In some cases, a poorly labeled book could cost an author in readers and sales – or lead a writer or publisher to pursue lucrative genres. (From Bubble Cow, see “What is the best genre to write if you want to get published.”
Frustrations with genre labeling novelist Sylvia Engdahl to write an article on “The Trouble with Genre Labeling,” in which she complains about how the categorization of some of her novels as “science fiction” has cost her in readership.
The LA Review of Books hosted a fascinating discussion of the topic, “Why Genre Matters,” this fall in which one writer Scott Nadelson noted, “I worry that we as a literary culture have become obsessed with labels. I worry that as readers we have come to rely on labels – a product of the marketplace – to teach us how to read. I worry, too, as that as writers we have allowed our self-imposed labels to keep us from understanding and appreciating the choices of writers who work in other modes.”
One Globe and Mail writer’s take? Writers should leave book-genre debates to marketers.
Genre labeling, as Costco recently learned, is no small matter. | <urn:uuid:7903fe33-96f0-46bc-8b6a-c411f0debf9d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://m.csmonitor.com/Books/chapter-and-verse/2013/1125/Bible-teaches-Costco-a-lesson-genre-matters | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00426-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956091 | 727 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Within the realm of E. coli expression, the T7 system is the most popular approach for producing recombinant protein. In this system, the target gene is cloned into an expression vector downstream of the T7 promoter and this construct is introduced into a T7 expression host. T7 expression hosts such as DE3 prophage strains or T7 Express strains carry a chromosomal copy of the phage T7 RNA polymerase gene. When inducer is added, T7 RNA polymerase is expressed and becomes dedicated to target gene transcription. T7 expression is often very robust but may suffer from undesirable basal (non-induced) transcription especially in DE3 strains. Regulation of IPTG-induced T7 expression is accomplished by co-expressing the lac repressor from a plasmid or a host-encoded lacI gene and by co-expressing T7 lysozyme, the natural inhibitor of T7 RNA polymerase activity. T7 lysozyme may be expressed from pLysS or pLysE plasmids or a variant T7 lysozyme may be expressed from the lysY gene present within multiple NEB protein expression strains. The lysY gene product lacks amidase (lysozyme) activity against the E. coli cell wall while retaining the ability to inhibit basal T7 RNA polymerase activity.
- What are the strain properties (C2566)?
- Is T7 Express (NEB #C2566H and NEB #C2566I) compatible with auto-induction procedures?
- What are the strain properties (C2527)?
- What is the difference between T7 Express (NEB #C2566H/I) and BL21(DE3) (NEB #C2527H/I)?
- Can the NEBExpress Competent E.coli (High Efficiency) be used for the expression of constructs containing a T7 promoter?
Avoid Common Obstacles in Protein Expression
Read how to avoid common obstacles in protein expression that prevent interactions with cellular machinery.
- Competent Cell Brochure
- Protein Expression & Purification Brochure
- DNA Sequences and Maps Tool
- Competent Cell Product Comparison
- Competent Cell Selection Guide
- Agrawal, A., Bisharyan, Y., Papoyan, A, Bednenko, J., Cardarelli, J., Yao, M., Clark, T., Berkmen, M., Ke, N., Colussi, P. (2019) Fusion to Tetrahymena thermophila granule lattice protein 1 confers solubility to sexual stage malaria antigens in Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif; 153, 7-17. PubMedID: 30081196, DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2018.08.001.
- Leith, E.M., O'Dell, W.B., Ke, N., McClung, C., Berkmen, M., Bergonzo, C., Brinson, R.G., Kelman, Z (2019) Characterization of the internal translation initiation region in monoclonal antibodies expressed in Escherichia coli J Biol Chem; 294(48), 18046-18056.. PubMedID: 31604819, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.011008
- Reddy, P.T., Brinson, R.G., Hoopes, J.T., McClung, C., Ke, N., Kashi, L. (2018) Platform development for expression and purification of stable isotope labeled monoclonal antibodies in Escherichia coli. mAbs MAbs; 10 (7), 992-1002. PubMedID: 30060704, DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1496879
- Robinson, M.-P., Ke, N., Lobstein, J., Peterson, C., Szkodny, A., Mansell, T.J., Tuckey, C., Riggs, P.D., Colussi, P.A., Noren, C.J., Taron, C.H., Delisa, M.P., Berkmen, M. (2015) Efficient expression of full-length antibodies in the cytoplasm of engineered bacteria Nat Commun; (6)8072, PubMedID: 26311203, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9072.
E. coli Hosts
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While NEB develops and validates its products for various applications, the use of this product may require the buyer to obtain additional third party intellectual property rights for certain applications.
For more information about commercial rights, please email us at [email protected].
This product is intended for research purposes only. This product is not intended to be used for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes in humans or animals. | <urn:uuid:fff6959b-a4cc-4b63-849a-e1f8914f95e0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.neb.sg/applications/protein-expression/protein-expression-in-e-coli/t7-expression | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.794043 | 1,076 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Paleontologists and scientists alike have researched the existence of the dinosaurs. From time to time, it has been theorized and speculated about what would have happened if man and dinosaur had co-existed on the earth. Lost Eden, an ambitious title from Cryo Interactive, sets out to put this question to rest and to theorize on why the dinosaurs disappeared. |
It is an age of unrest and the alliance between humans and dinosaurs is weakening due to an evil dinosaur that is set on ruling the earth. Adam of Mo, a human, meets with his father and finds out that he has the rare ability to unite the humans and dinosaurs. Adam, along with two dinosaur friends, is sent on a mission to protect the human/dinosaur alliance.
Lost Eden is beautifully designed and the cutscenes and 3-D polygonal graphics were way ahead of their time. On the other hand, the game suffers from the typical Cryo pitfalls [Underdogs' note: "typical" for Cryo's games made after 1994 - for examples of how good their games used to be, check out Dune and KGB on this site]. While great graphics and a beautiful trance-style soundtrack do abound, the game is overcome with repetitive puzzles, repetitive dialogue, and horrific voiceovers. The game is fairly short and is easy to complete within a few hours, making it a great title for amateur adventure fans.
On a good note, the game still holds up and has more than just a "curio" appeal. If you are open minded and don't mind a bit of easy adventuring, or are just looking for something a bit different from the norm, give this unique and stylish adventure a try.
Reviewed by: doowopman | <urn:uuid:e86bd3fd-df79-40da-975c-7e62af52136c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://homeoftheunderdogs.net/game.php?id=4387 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.966648 | 357 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Safety, physiological needs and self-esteem are the basic needs of an individual. Many people in difficult workplace in a difficult situation to earn some money for their family and some people have chosen a field in which they have to deal with harsh work environment. Like mechanical engineering, chemical engineering petroleum and etc., in which they have tactical the work environment.
There was a time when workers were injured while working, due to which they have to face many problems and issues. When a worker was injured, no one was responsible for their injuries; therefore an association was made in which decisions were taken in the favor of workers. This association is called occupational safety and health, in which they are focused with the welfare, safety and health of the workers.
The aim of occupational safety and health
The main aim of Occupational safety and health is to ensure the health and safety of the workers. The occupational safety and health is also responsible for the safety and health of anyone who is affected by the workplace like, family member, customers, employers and co workers.
Importance of the occupational safety and health
Occupational safety and health is important in the society for the financial, moral and legal reasons. The safety and protection of the employees is totally upon the organizations and industries who have hired them. The occupational safety and health has imposed many laws and rules on the organizations and industries which can reduce the injury and illness of the employers.
Benefits for the organization and industries
When the organization and industries are followings the rules of the occupational safety and healthy, then their insurance cost is reduced as less no. Of employees are injured on the workplace and the sick leaves of the employees are also reduced.
Objectives of occupational safety and health
Occupational safety and health focus on the prevention of the hazards in the workplace. The occupational safety and health has many objectives. One of the main objective of occupational safety and health is promotional and maintenance of the employee’s health. The second most important objective of occupational safety and health is to provide better and improved working environment for the employees with fewer hazards. The third most important objective of occupational safety and health is to provide positive work environment to enhance the productivity of the workers.
The workers are also forced to use personal protective equipment to prevent the injuries, the personal protective equipment is also known as PPE. | <urn:uuid:973c5271-94b8-4238-b6f8-08719a1438be> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dailybamablog.com/an-association-to-provide-safety-and-health-for-the-workers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.984888 | 471 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Does salt have an effect on blood sugar levels? While salt has no effect on blood glucose levels, it is critical to limit your intake as part of diabetes management because too much salt can cause your blood pressure to rise.
What happens if you abstain from salt and sugar? Reduce your blood pressure by reducing the sodium in your diet. The volume of fluid in your blood decreases, resulting in decreased blood pressure. Lower your risk of having a heart attack.
How can I quickly eliminate sugar from my system? Consume copious amounts of water. Numerous studies demonstrate that drinking sufficient of water aids in the removal of glucose from the blood. Aim for eight glasses of water each day for the typical individual. Consuming lots of water while satisfying your sweet desire — and for the remainder of the day — will assist your body in reestablishing normalcy.
CAn a Diabetes Use Salt – RELATED QUESTIONS
Can drinking a lot of water help you maintain a healthy blood sugar level?
Consume water and maintain hydration According to one evaluation of observational studies, people who drank more water had a decreased chance of developing hyperglycemia ( 19 ). Consuming water on a daily basis may help rehydrate the blood, decrease blood sugar levels, and minimize the chance of developing diabetes ( 20 , 21 ).
Is sodium chloride safe for diabetics?
“Salt alternatives may be a healthier option for certain individuals since potassium is a critical element that aids in blood pressure regulation,” she explains. “However, salt replacements may be problematic if you have renal illness, heart disease, hypertension, liver disease, or diabetes.”
How much salt should an individual take each day?
Americans should consume fewer than 2,300 milligrams (mg) of salt per day, according to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
How much salt is required on a daily basis?
Americans consume around 3,400 mg of salt per day on average. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans, on the other hand, suggest that people restrict their sodium consumption to less than 2,300 mg per day—about 1 teaspoon of table salt! Recommended limits are much lower for children under the age of 14.
Is it wise to abstain entirely from salt?
Myth 1: All salt is poisonous and you should avoid it at all costs. Consuming an excessive amount of salt may lead to hypertension, which has been related to heart failure and heart attacks, renal difficulties, fluid retention, stroke, and osteoporosis.
Which beverage helps to reduce blood sugar levels?
Consider steeping a cup of green tea, which has 28 milligrams of caffeine and may help prevent diabetes, according to the Mayo Clinic. According to a review of research, green tea and green tea extract may help reduce blood glucose levels and may contribute to the prevention of type 2 diabetes and obesity.
What food removes sugar from the blood?
Protein-dense foods include eggs, peanut butter, beans, lentils, protein smoothies, fatty fish, and almonds. Increased consumption of good fats also aids in sugar detox. Avocado, unsweetened coconut products, grass-fed butter or ghee (unless lactose intolerant), nuts, and seeds are all examples of healthy fats.
Does lemon water help you maintain a healthy blood sugar level?
While lemon water is unlikely to directly affect your blood sugar levels and cause them to fall, it may certainly assist avoid abrupt rises. The simple to prepare beverage is low in carbs and calories and helps keep you hydrated, which is critical for diabetics.
How much water should a diabetic consume on a daily basis?
If you have diabetes, you should drink enough of fluids — around 1.6 liters (L) or 6.5 cups for women and 2 L or 8.5 glasses for men each day.
Is cranberry juice diabetic-friendly?
Consult your healthcare practitioner if you have any concerns about regulating your blood sugar. As is the case with most foods, cranberry juice in moderation may be a beneficial addition to a balanced diet, especially for individuals with diabetes.
Seasonings are permissible for diabetics.
If you have diabetes, you are more likely to have high blood pressure. Consuming an excessive amount of salt may also result in an increase in blood pressure. As a result, your physician or nutritionist may advise you to restrict or avoid the following high-salt foods: Seasoning salt vs unseasoned salt (or salt seasonings)
Is honey beneficial to diabetics?
Diabetes patients must monitor and regulate their carbohydrate and sugar consumption. This does not imply kids must abstain from sweets entirely. Honey is not only safe in moderation, but it also possesses anti-inflammatory effects that may help prevent diabetic problems.
What happens if you abstain from salt consumption?
Risk of hyponatremia is increased (low blood levels of sodium) Hyponatremia is a condition in which the blood sodium level is abnormally low. Its symptoms are similar to those of dehydration. The brain may enlarge in extreme instances, resulting in migraines, seizures, coma, and even death ( 27 ).
Which salt is beneficial for hypertension?
Consuming an excessive amount of salt may result in hypertension, stroke, and heart disease, which is why it should be used in moderation. As a result, Himalayan pink salt has gained popularity as a substitute for ordinary salt, ostensibly because it is less taxing on the body when consumed.
How much sugar is permissible per day?
The American Heart Association recommends that most men take no more than 150 discretionary calories of sugar per day. This corresponds to 38 g or 9 teaspoons (tsp) sugar. Women should spend no more than 100 calories per day on sugar. This is around 25 g or 6 tsp sugar.
What happens if you abstain from sugar?
You’ll have healthier teeth as a result. Your teeth will thank you! Eliminate sugar from your diet and you’ll significantly reduce your chance of heart disease, since much sugar increases your risk of high blood pressure, obesity, and diabetes – three major risk factors for heart disease and cardiovascular decline.
Do you need more salt if you consume a lot of water?
To be honest, the quick answer is yes. If you drink too much water, you may dilute the sodium (salt) levels in your body to dangerously low levels, disturbing your electrolyte balance – which, if not restored, can have major health consequences.
Is the banana healthy for diabetics?
Bananas have a low glycemic index, making them an excellent option for diabetics. According to Upasana Sharma, dietitian and head nutritionist at Max Hospital, “Bananas are high in sugar and carbohydrates. However, it is a good source of fiber and has a low glycemic index. Diabetics may consume bananas in moderation.”
Does Coke help with blood sugar control?
Sugary beverages assist in rapidly raising blood sugar levels and hence constitute an excellent therapy for hypoglycemia. Between 100 and 150ml of a sugary beverage such as cola or a glucose beverage will help restore normal blood glucose levels.
How do you feel when you have diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes is a prevalent illness characterized by elevated blood sugar levels. Early symptoms and indicators may include frequent urination, increased thirst, fatigue and hunger, visual issues, sluggish wound healing, and yeast infections.
What disorders are induced by an excessive sugar intake?
“All of the impacts of added sugar consumption — elevated blood pressure, inflammation, weight gain, diabetes, and fatty liver disease — are associated with an increased risk of heart attack and stroke,” Dr. Hu explains.
Which veggies are sugar-producing?
Sweet potatoes, beets, onions, green peas, sweet corn, peas, canned pumpkin, winter squash, rutabagas, carrots, and tomatoes are all rich in sugar. They vary in sugar content from 3.5g to 14g (1 to 3.5 teaspoons) per cup. | <urn:uuid:3a4f3edb-ffef-4c96-8898-d06406b93a25> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://paleorecipediet.com/can-a-diabetes-use-salt/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.916905 | 1,672 | 3.1875 | 3 |
Unwanted signals are proliferating in part because of the popularity of GSM cell phones. Such RF signals can disrupt the operation of electronic circuits without adequate RF noise-rejection capabilities. To guarantee the satisfactory operation of electronic circuits in the presence of RF interference, RF-immunity testing has become critical. MAXIM (Sunnyvale, CA) examines this topic in a white paper titled, "A Measurement Technique for Determining RF Immunity."
Many of today's cell phones are based on the time-division-multiple-access (TDMA) standard. This multiplexing scheme modulates the high-frequency carrier by pulsing it off and on at a rate of 217 Hz. An RF-susceptible integrated circuit (IC) may demodulate that carrier and reproduce the 217-Hz signal along with its harmonic frequencies. Most of these frequencies fall within the audio band, thereby generating an audible buzz.
To prevent such issues, testing should subject the circuit to an RF environment that is comparable to the one that it will encounter during normal operation. The note details a general technique for measuring the RF noise-rejection capability of an IC board. The board is subjected to controlled levels of RF. The resulting standard structured test methodology establishes repeatable results that can be used in qualitative analysis. Designers can then select the ICs and circuits that are most resistant to RF noise.
To test RF susceptibility, the device-under-test (DUT) should be placed near the energy field generated by an operating cell phone. For accurate and repeatable test results, however, an RF anechoic test chamber will produce controlled RF fields that are comparable to those generated by a mobile phone. The note concludes with the test results for two dual operational amplifiers.
MAXIM Integrated Products, Inc., 120 San Gabriel Dr., Sunnyvale, CA 94086; (408) 737-7600, FAX: (408) 737-7194, Internet: www.maxim-ic.com | <urn:uuid:895c9ce6-916f-4eb2-aa2e-66eef3cfa13a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://mwrf.com/content/rf-immunity-testing-helps-maintain-quality-performance | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00149-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.905159 | 412 | 2.625 | 3 |
Submits and surrenders to Allaah alone.
It has the desire to love, to gain good and beneficial things for itself, it can feel fear and terror, and it can also surrender and become submissive.
Thus, when its feelings, desires and inclinations are all directed to and for Allaah, then it is a heart that truly worships, submits and surrenders to Allaah alone.
Therefore, it has khawf (fear) of only Allaah; it has rajaa (hope) in Allaah’s Mercy; it has mahabbah (love) for Allaah and whatever Allaah loves; and it has istislaam (submits and surrenders) to only Allaah.
However, when these feelings, desires and inclinations are directed to other than Allaah, then it is a heart that is enslaved and worships that object which has captured and enslaved it.”
— Excerpt from The Great Enslavement by Shaykh Sulaymân as-Sulaymî, Al-Istiqaamah, Issue No.7 | <urn:uuid:fd474ec6-0001-406d-a9eb-ba1f881ae95a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://dawahblog.wordpress.com/2015/02/09/submits-and-surrenders-to-allaah-alone/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00350-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967322 | 229 | 2.171875 | 2 |
The Manke Lab at UMass Dartmouth is a global leader in novel tryptamine synthesis and characterization
ISSAQUAH, WA – December 9, 2020 – CaaMTech, Inc., announced today that the company has renewed and expanded its research collaboration with the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth. The renewal and expansion of this collaboration recognizes the success of Associate Professor of Chemistry & Biochemistry Dr. David R. Manke and his associated team of researchers in the synthesis and crystallography of novel tryptamines. To date, Dr. Manke’s team has successfully synthesized more than seventy novel tryptamines and structurally characterized more than forty such compounds.
“We have been consistently blown away by the results of CaaMTech’s collaboration with Dr. Manke and his team at UMass Dartmouth,” said Dr. Andrew Chadeayne, CEO of CaaMTech. “In less than two years, Dr. Manke has synthesized and crystallographically characterized more novel tryptamines than anyone in history. The next generation of mental health drugs will come from the library of compounds that we have already developed. Now we’re doubling down.”
The research collaboration between CaaMTech and UMass Dartmouth has produced several classes of novel molecules. The library of compounds produced by the collaboration includes synthetic versions of naturally-occurring tryptamine compounds found in psychedelic plants and fungi, such as psilocybin-containing “magic mushrooms.” Many of these compounds proceed to the labs of the National Institutes of Health for further research as part of CaaMTech’s Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with the Designer Drug Research Unit (DDRU) at the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Intramural Research Program (IRP).
“The collaboration with CaaMTech provides a great opportunity for students to work on cutting edge therapeutics, while allowing them to learn new techniques in the lab,” said Dr. Manke. “I am especially grateful for the opportunity to help our military veterans by developing pharmaceutical treatments for PTSD.”
The collaborative research between CaaMTech and UMass Dartmouth is foundational to the development of next-generation psychedelic medicines. While first-generation tryptamines, such as psilocybin, provided an obvious starting point for therapies such as psychedelic assisted psychotherapy, the economic and clinical limitations of these compounds (e.g. onset/duration of action) are beginning to cause concern for clinicians. Developing next-generation pharmaceutical products requires pure, well characterized ingredients. Through the collaboration with Dr. Manke and his team at UMass Dartmouth, CaaMTech continues to exponentially expand the menu of active ingredients for next-generation psychedelic drug products.
CaaMTech is the foremost drug discovery and lead optimization company focused on engineering psychedelic drugs that meet the standards of modern medicine. CaaMTech is improving the health and happiness of humankind by creating and optimizing psychedelic compounds and formulations through rigorous science and continuous innovation.
Davis Wuolle firstname.lastname@example.org | <urn:uuid:9bf739ed-960e-48a7-a3bb-3a8a238d4f03> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://psychedelicalpha.com/news/caamtech-expands-successful-next-gen-drug-research-collaboration-with-umass-dartmouth | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.934081 | 665 | 1.570313 | 2 |
When raising a teenager or researching telecommunication equipment, it is a good idea to have an open mind -- but to disbelieve claims until they are proven.
In some cases, the promises indeed are true. Healthy skepticism -- but not cynicism -- makes sense when considering Wavion's spatially adaptive access points, which are described in this Wi-Fi Planet story. The platform, which the story positions as an alternative to mesh technologies, is being used by the Alleghany County Network (AllCoNet) in Cumberland, MD. AllCoNet has deployed 120 of the company's access points.
The vendor says the platform offers two to three times better coverage than other APs. Those aggressive comments were echoed by Todd Tanner, executive vice president at CONXX, the company that manages AllCoNet. Tanner said a great number of APs were tested, and they offered about the same level of performance -- and were easily beaten by the Wavion equipment.
Of course, we are in no position to attest to the veracity of Wavion's claims, though we are impressed that an outsider sounds as enthusiastic as those within the company. The bottom line is that the wireless sector still is new enough to witness more than incremental increases in performance. The job of IT departments is to decide which new approach is real and which is vaporware.
For instance, the jury still is out on xG Technology. About two years ago, the company announced Xmax, a wireless platform it said would send wireless signals farther at less cost than known technologies. The latest news is good for the company: Far Reach Technologies, an ISP in Volusia County, Fla, is reported to be readying a commercial deployment in August. However, skepticism the project has engendered from the start shows no sign of abating.
Our point is that IT departments shouldn't dismiss seemingly extravagant claims as the equivalent of the Loch Ness Monster or a Nigerian e-mail scam. Indeed, many accepted standards are significantly faster than those that they seek to directly or indirectly replace. For instance, a look at speed charts for 802.11n versus 802.11g and 3G versus mobile WiMax show quite a spread.
The point to keep in mind is that wireless networking is still new enough that great leaps are possible, and IT departments should be open to the possibility that they can occur. | <urn:uuid:e77befc4-7406-41ce-927e-5264a02e741d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.itbusinessedge.com/cm/blogs/weinschenk/great-leaps-still-possible-in-wireless/?cs=13044 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00245-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964236 | 483 | 1.898438 | 2 |
In helping to prepare young people to become b’nai mitzvah, Temple Israel of Hollywood initiated a family legacy project to help students and their parents record as much of their family’s history as possible. Students are asked to search for historic family documents, photographs, family trees, recorded memories, memoirs, and ritual items, and they select an elderly family member to interview. Students are given a list of questions to draw upon, or they can ask their own questions. Each student then creates a presentation to share with peers and families during a Family Legacy Faire.
In learning about these family members, children gain a sense of family identity and a greater sense of their family history. Older members of the families also find great satisfaction in relating their stories to future generations.
Grade levels: 5
Learners: Children (pre-B’nai Mitzvah), Extended Family Members
Everyone in the target audience is required to participate in the program.
Year Implemented: 2015
Temple Israel of Hollywood
B’nai Mitzvah each year: 60 | <urn:uuid:f2c476ae-8801-489d-837a-d6d8696e9923> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://innovations.bnaimitzvahrevolution.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00566-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948262 | 224 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Inflammation, stiffness, and deformity of the joints are some of the characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis. It is an autoimmune disease that chiefly affects the joints. The earliest documentation of arthritis was during the 123 AD and later it was also noted in the skeletal remains of the Native Americans. However, this disease of the joints was named ‘rheumatoid arthritis’ only in the year 1859 by a British doctor called Dr Alfred Baring Garrod. Although it generally affects people in their middle ages, there are cases where even young people have been affected by rheumatoid arthritis. Also, women are three times more susceptible to this disease than men. The people suffering with rheumatoid arthritis find their mobility hampered and their joints deformed as the disease progresses. Timely intervention goes a long way in boosting the health of your joints. This disease is characteristic by extreme pain. If rheumatoid arthritis is driving you crazy and the pain is slowly killing your wish to live then it is better that you know the story of Dorothy Hodgkin. This remarkable lady was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis at the age of 28, but this still didn’t stop her from indulging in her love of chemistry. In the year 1964, she was awarded the Noble Prize for Chemistry for confirming the structure of vitamin B12. She was also the foremost scientist in the field of X-ray crystallography and is also indirectly responsible for the discovery of the genetic code. Check out the causes, symptoms and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in the article given below.
Causes, Symptoms And Treatment Of Rheumatoid Arthritis?heck
- The basic cause of rheumatic arthritis is unknown. As of yet there is no prove that viruses and bacteria can cause it.
- Many scientists are of the opinion that the most important cause can be the genetic factor. Certain genes have been discovered which have the tendency to induce rheumatoid arthritis. However, even this also has contradictions as it has been found that some people with those genes do not develop the disease while some develop this even without those genes.
- Another group of scientists are of the opinion that various environmental factors can trigger this disease.
- Even a variety of hormones are said to trigger rheumatoid arthritis.
- The early symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis can also be confused with those of other diseases. They include fatigue, slight fever, weakness, swollen glands, and loss of appetite.
- These symptoms give rise to joint pains. The joints become stiff especially in the morning. The joints also become warm and tender and remain stiff for about an hour.
- The pain in the joint occurs in both the sides of the body and the area’s most commonly affected are shoulders, hips, knees, toes, jaw and the wrists.
- As the disease progresses, the joints become swollen and feel spongy. Later they can even become deformed and even lose their mobility.
- In later stages, it can result in chest pains when breathing. It is also usually accompanied with the formation of nodules under the skin if the disease is severe.
- The patient may also experience a burning sensation in the eyes and itching. There is also a numbness and burning sensation in the hands and the feet.
- Physical therapy is a good way to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Exercises prescribed by a therapist are the best way to regain the mobility of the joint and also delay its loss.
- Other treatment measures include splints and orthotic devices to support and align the joints.
- The patient can also undergo heat and cold treatments along with joint protection techniques.
- Electrical stimulation to reduce pain and improve the joint mobility can also be used.
- The patient should not do any activity at a stretch and should take frequent rests in between. They should also have a minimum of eight hours of sleep at night.
- In severe cases, surgery may also be required. | <urn:uuid:e8139c44-188c-49dc-a604-7cbc0b7669a6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/rheumatoid-arthritis-9270.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.9618 | 826 | 3.25 | 3 |
My friend Sabine, French and unflappable, introduced me to the phrase. “Plus ça change,” she’d murmur with a wave of her hand, “plus c’est la même chose.” The more things change, the more they stay the same.
Sometimes that’s true. My great-aunt Fannie, who just happened to be in the Louisiana State Capitol the day Carl Weiss put a bullet into Huey Long, never tired of telling the story. He wasn’t the first or the worst of the politicians she’d known, she liked to say, but he certainly set a standard of some sort for those who followed. Rolling her eyes heavenward as she ticked off the names of politicians who’d ticked her off, she’d heave a great sigh and remind us: “The more things change, the more they stay the same.”
More recently, several of us were sitting in a restaurant when another friend began fussing at the sight of some scantily-clad young lovelies lounging at the bar. “Who let them out of the house looking like that?” she said. “I don’t know,” said another. “Who let us out of the house with our skirt waistbands rolled up and our bobby sox rolled down?” We grinned at one another, and it occurred to me to think again, “The more things change, the more they stay the same”.
Unfortunately, when Jean-Baptiste Alphonse Karr introduced the now-familiar epigram into his satirical journal Les Guêpes in 1849, he neglected to include its natural corollary. Sometimes, the more things change, the more things change. There’s nothing we can do about it, and nothing ever will be the same again. Nowhere is that reality more visible than at holiday-time.
During this first Christmas season since my mother’s death, I was tempted by three common options available to anyone faced with radical and irreversible change. I could pretend nothing had changed. I could try to re-create the past, or I could denigrate the life we’d shared, asserting against all reason it had no value and wasn’t worth remembering.
None of those options seemed desirable – or even feasible – as another friend and I talked over our situation. With no family of her own, Carolyn had spent many years at our holiday table and her own Christmas celebrations had been equally disrupted by Mom’s death.
We needed a fourth option.
In the week before Christmas, I discovered that fourth option. Browsing online for information about piñon, one thing led to another until I found myself reading about traditional bonfires in St. James Parish, Louisiana. Since the 1800s, huge Christmas Eve bonfires have burned along the Mississippi River levee in towns like Lutcher, Vacherie and Gramercy, guiding Papa Noël to the bayous – sometimes a hundred fires, sometimes more.
Bonfires? I thought. On Christmas Eve? On the levees? I’d never heard of such a thing. I looked at a map. I browsed some articles. I picked up the phone and called Carolyn. “Listen,” I said. “we can sit home this Christmas and stare at each other, or we can head over to Cajun country and enjoy the bonfires.” “What bonfires?”, she asked. “Never mind,” I said. “I’ll explain later.”
Within an hour, plans were made. I called Breaux Bridge, to see if a room might be available at my favorite old City Hotel, now Bayou Teche bed and breakfast. Mary Lynn’s laughter rippled all the way back to Texas. “What kind of question is that? Of course there’s room at the inn. Even if there weren’t, you could stay in the shed with the pirogue!”
At that point, I would have settled for a shed with a pirogue. Sometimes the only good answer for too much change is a little more change, and a Cajun Christmas sounded exactly right. We left early, on the morning of the 23rd.
One of the joys of traveling light – without much luggage and with no expectations – is that you can turn on a dime, and retrace your steps.
Just as we pulled into the driveway at Bayou Teche, my cell phone rang. It was Mary Lynn, our weekend hostess and social planner extraordinaire. She came straight to the point. “What are you doing tonight? Surely you don’t have plans?” “No,” I said. “We don’t have plans. We’re barely out of the car.” “Good,” she said. “Get unpacked, freshen up and be ready to leave at 4:30. You’ll follow me to the bank, and then I’ll lead you over to Lafayette – we’ll take the back way, so you miss the shopping center.”
“That sounds fine,” I said, “but we just came through Lafayette. Why are we going back?” The woman with an answer for everything had an answer. “This is the last night for Noël Acadien,” she said, “and I’ve got tickets for you.”
I’d not heard of Noël Acadien any more than I’d heard of the bonfires, but one thing I’ve learned is never to question Mary Lynn. She arrived to explain that Lafayette’s Acadian Village decorates every Christmas with a half-million Christmas lights and everyone goes to see them. She gave us a map so we could find our way home after we’d enjoyed the attraction, and a suggested itinerary for the rest of the evening: we should come back, dine at Café Des Amis and then head straight to La Pousierre, where Steve Riley and the Mamou Playboys were holding court.
Galveston’s Moody Gardens may have a million lights, three pyramids and a full-sized paddle-wheeler in their holiday display, but Noël Acadien had bon temps, and they were rouler-ing.The bayou-and-swamp emphasis was everywhere, with lighted alligators, frogs, woodpeckers and pelicans – not to mention a farmer chasing a rabbit from his garden with a hoe and Santa in a pirogue pulled by a set of truly fine gators.
After an hour or so of looking, we headed back to Breaux Bridge, ready for dinner. Main street shops were staying open late; the smell of gumbo and sounds of Zydeco filled the air. Ironically, we couldn’t find anyone at Café Des Amis able to tell us what a pousse café might be, even though we assured them it was Cajun enough for the iconic Clifton Chenier to have composed a waltz about the drink some call the apex of the bartender’s art.
Chagrined by their lack of drink knowledge, our servers shared a little information about one of our best discoveries of the trip: Gâteau de Sirop, or Syrup Cake. While they wouldn’t turn loose of the actual recipe used at Café Des Amis, they agreed with what seems to be a consensus that Steen’s Syrup, and Steen’s alone, should be used in a proper cake.
Steen’s Pure Cane Syrup, first produced in Abbeville, Louisiana in 1910, is the only U.S. cane syrup still manufactured today and is recognized by Slow Food USA’s Ark of Taste as an endangered regional food product. Use a different syrup and you may have a fine cake, but you’ll not have Cajun Gâteau de Sirop. (As luck would have it, in 2009 “Marcelle” managed to twist the arm of Dickie Breaux, owner of Café Des Amis, who gave up the recipe. It was published in the Times-Picayune, and as soon as I lay my hands on some Steen’s Syrup, I’ll be busy in the kitchen.)
Friday evening, as we dallied over our Gâteau de Sirop and coffee, a fellow diner mentioned we should be sure to watch for cane wagons and mills on our next day’s drive. The sugar cane harvest is winding down, but there’s still activity in the area, and a working sugar mill is hard to miss. Great, rising clouds of steam can be seen for miles, and trucks piled high with raw cane are everywhere.
This year, there are smiles, too. Kenneth Gravois, a sugar-cane specialist with the LSU AgCenter says while the total tonnage of cane harvested per acre will be somewhat average, weather conditions combined to produce a high-quality crop. He estimates an increase to 230 pounds of sugar per ton of cane in 2011, compared with last year’s production of 226 pounds per ton.
Just as we were finishing our second cup of coffee, Mary Lynn breezed in and proceeded to give us a tutorial in Zydeco Breakfast 101. The staff already was moving back tables to create a dance floor – in only hours, Café Des Amis would be filled again with patrons, eating, dancing and celebrating life in a weekly ritual that pulls folks from Houston and New Orleans just for the pleasure of it all.
As we left the café, Mary Lynn made sure we understood the cardinal rules – Be there very early, start with beignets and don’t order until the music starts so you can keep your table! – and then left us to our own devices.
Not quite willing to take on La Poussiere at such a late hour, we headed home, and burst into giggles when we found our first gift from Tee Jules’ Cajun Twelve Days of Christmas. True, it wasn’t snuggled into a fig tree, but there it was – a crawfish in a Christmas tree.
Little did we know the next day would bring shrimp, poule d’eau , cypress knees, Fleurs de lis, oysters and crabs, a clue to a marvelous pirogue story (if not the paddles), a few decorative duck decoys and some (presumed) shotgun shells in the back of a hunter’s truck.
And we still hadn’t gotten to the bonfires.
(to be continued…) | <urn:uuid:c013cd08-7646-4d7e-8fb5-05e4c306ffef> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://shoreacres.wordpress.com/2011/12/31/over-the-bayou-and-through-the-swamp/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00489-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951789 | 2,303 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Free Project Support from WoodWorks – Learn more
When architects designed this Y-shaped, two story building for a private high school, they had clear direction to use materials and systems that would match the school’s commitment to sustainability and environmentally-conscious learning and living. The team chose cross-laminated timber (CLT) for the soaring roof, which offers protection from the elements, defines transient spaces and creates areas for social interaction. The choice of mass timber helped the project meet a tight construction schedule. The CLT panels were prefabricated off-site, and a small crew assembled the roof in just two days. With an emphasis on biophilia, the design incorporates elements of LEED, WELL, and the Living Building Challenge, focusing on fresh air, natural light, and local and sustainable materials. As an example, sliding wood screens and mechanical sun shades, made from salvaged western red cedar, filter sunlight and reduce demand for mechanical heating and cooling. 19,500 sf/Type II construction.
Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT)
Structural Engineer / Timber Installer | <urn:uuid:e58ab381-ee7b-4b2d-8c35-416ed5b6dd33> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.woodworksinnovationnetwork.org/projects/371 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.904331 | 280 | 2.4375 | 2 |
The Recording Session window is where recordings are made without the aid of the Wizard. To open this window, click the Record button on the main toolbar.
The recording options appear in the upper section of the Recording Session window and are detailed below.
Start recording only when audio start
This feature minimizes the hassle of starting your player and clicking the Record button as close as possible. When this feature is checked, you can click the Record button, and the recording will not commence until audio is played through your player. This is great for situations where your computer and record player are physically nowhere near each other.
Auto-split files based on noise floor
This is the auto-file splitter. It uses the noise floor sample you obtained in the noise sample stage (see the Background Noise Measure section of this manual) and detects when a track on your record or cassette has finished. The setting Duration at which noise floor must be maintained lets you set how long the noise floor level must be present in the audio (in seconds) before the software determines that the track has ended. Set this duration a little longer if you are recording from a 78 RPM record (up to 10 seconds), and set it a little shorter if you are recording a 33 RPM at 45 RPM speed.
After you have finished recording all your tracks on an album (or one side of an album), the auto-splitter will simply time-out after a short while and recording will automatically stop.
Play back audio while recording
When enabled, this feature will play the input audio simultaneously while it is being recorded. This allows you to listen to what you are recording, which is particularly useful if you would like to manually split your recording into individual tracks.
Discard recorded files that are shorter than
When enabled, this feature will discard the recorded file if the length is less than the specified parameter.
Recording Volume Level
This is where you can monitor the volume level of your recordings. If the volume level looks too high or low, you can go back to the recording calibration stage and adjust the recording volume as appropriate. See the Recording Volume Calibration section of the Wizard for more information.
The recording controls are located at the bottom of the Recording Session window.
Record: Start the recording.
Pause: Pause the current recording. Clicking Record will resume the recording.
Restart: Discards the current recording and begins a new one.
Stop: Stops the current recording.
Split: Stops and saves the current recording and begins a new one. This is useful for manually splitting the incoming audio into separate tracks.
Discard: Discard the current recorded file.
This is where you are shown a variety of details related to the current recording.
Recording state: This tells you the nature of the current recording state. If there is no recording occurring, it says "Idle". If recording has started it will initially say "Waiting for audio stream" while waiting for the audio to start.
File name: This is the name of the file currently being recorded to.
File info: This tells you the file type information about the file, such as its format, sample rate and number of channels.
Recording time: This is the recording time of the current file.
Please note that if you stop a recording before two seconds have elapsed the recording will be discarded, as recordings of such a short length are considered of no use.
Total recording time: This is the total recording time of all files recorded in this session, plus files that are sitting in the main window list.
Space remaining on disc: If you are burning your files to CD or DVD, this says how much space is left on the disc that you currently have in your drive.
Hard drive space remaining: This shows how much space is free on the hard drive you are recording to.
Minimizing Golden Records
If you have started recording and want to do something else while waiting for it to finish, right click the system tray icon on the right bottom of your screen and choose "Minimize Golden Records" to minimize the program to the system tray. When the recording process is over, a balloon will appear above the Golden Records tray icon letting you know the software has finished its job. To restore the program you must then click on the system tray icon. | <urn:uuid:2ae6e47f-a1c1-4688-bdf1-6be8895a4f0f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://help.nchsoftware.com/help/en/golden/win/recordingsession.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.936336 | 895 | 1.75 | 2 |
For over 2,000 years, lighthouses have provided a welcome beacon to guide mariners safely into port. The first known lighthouse was constructed by the Pharaoh Ptolemy in 297BC. Considered one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, it stood over 300 feet tall, according to Smith College Museum of Ancient Inventions. Teach your children about this and other famous lighthouses with a simple craft project. Find some pictures of lighthouses in books and online. Then build a model lighthouse using paper and objects found easily around the house.
- Skill level:
- Moderately Easy
Other People Are Reading
Things you need
- Cardboard crisp canister
- Red construction paper
- White construction paper
- Black construction paper
- White glue
- Washable coloured felt markers
- Clear plastic cup, 142gr. size
- 1 toothpick
- Flashing LED tea light
Cut sheets of red and white construction paper into strips 3 inches wide and 8 inches long. If you don't like the red and white, you can use any colours you like.
Spread glue on one side of a white strip of construction paper. Wrap the strip around the bottom of the crisp can.
Repeat with more strips of the coloured construction paper; alternate the colours to give the lighthouse a distinctive appearance.
Attach the flashing LED tea light to the top of the chips canister using glue. This is the flashing beacon for your lighthouse.
Cut a 1 inch wide strip of black construction paper and attach it around the bottom of the clear plastic cup using glue. This will help hold the cup on top of the chips can.
Decorate the lighthouse. Draw a door and windows onto the body of your lighthouse with washable coloured felt markers.
Turn on the light and place the clear cup on top of the chips can. Turn down the room lights to see your lighthouse in action.
Tips and warnings
- Cardboard tubes, shoe boxes and milk cartons are some other items you can turn into model building materials to create a landscape around your lighthouse.
- Use safety scissors and non-toxic glue to prevent accidents when doing crafts projects with children.
- 20 of the funniest online reviews ever
- 14 Biggest lies people tell in online dating sites
- Hilarious things Google thinks you're trying to search for | <urn:uuid:06be9996-b776-4dfd-a8a3-0996c73bb4a3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ehow.co.uk/how_2296426_paper-lighthouse.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00395-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.888125 | 481 | 3.375 | 3 |
Going Back To School
I believe older adults can succeed in higher education. Returning to school can be a big challenge and may be over whelm older students. It takes a lot of guts to walk into a classroom on the first day, especially if one has been out of school for 34 years. On my first day of class, I walked in the classroom, looked around, scared to death, and I wondered what I got my self into this time. Right away, I spotted a few people my own age, and they looked as nervous as me. Older adults offer unique input in discussions because of their life experiences. Most adult students are more dedicated to their learning and know the importance of being prompt and prepared. They are used to multi-tasking: working a fulltime job, and running a household. Adult students take a lot of pride in their work, and most are self disciplined.
When it comes to living history, I believe older adult college students have a few advantages over younger college students. They have experienced first hand historical events that younger students only know vicariously. I was seven years old the year John F. Kennedy was assassinated. I remember sitting in front of our black and white television watching it for days and how the whole world was devastated. How sad it was when the announcement came over the television that he passed away. I was too young at that time to realize how history was unfolding in front of my eyes in my life time. The younger students listen and ask questions when the older student has input in class discussions to things that happened in their lifetime.
Even though we know the past, the present is a mystery. Not knowing what the college lingo is can be very confusing and can be one of the biggest disadvantages to the adult college student. My first day of English class, the professor asked us to write a thesis paragraph. I didn’t want to look foolish in front of the class. I was lost; I had no idea what a thesis paragraph was. I looked at Carmine, a younger student that was sitting right beside me, and said, “here goes nothing.” She laughed and said, “it’s easy, just like any paragraph you’ve ever written.” I thought to myself with pride, I can do this.
I have an older friend in another class who signed up for classes on Tuesdays and Thursdays. When he first signed up his schedule read TH. He missed his first day of class on Tuesday, because when we went to school, TH meant Thursday.
I believe the adult student can succeed in higher education. Classrooms have changed over the years, but if a person is willing to accept the change, the rewards are tremendous.
If you enjoyed this essay, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to This I Believe, Inc. | <urn:uuid:924dd740-b419-4bd1-9792-1e62979568be> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://thisibelieve.org/essay/43394/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00421-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.982777 | 584 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Slats, appearing from 1917-1924, born in Dublin Zoo
Dietz said he decided to use a lion as the company’s mascot as a tribute to his alma mater, Columbia University, whose athletic team nickname is The Lions.
The first lion, called Slats, was used for the original Goldwyn Pictures design and for the first MGM version. He didn’t actually roar, preferring to people watch.
Jackie, 1928-1956, the second lion to be used in the logo
Jackie’s roar was recorded for use at the beginning of MGM talking movies. A sound stage was built around his cage to make the recording.
In addition to appearing in the MGM logo, Jackie appeared in more than one hundred films (all black and white films from 1928-1956, including the Tarzan movies that starred Johnny Weissmuller).
Coffee was one of two lions that were used for two-strip Technicolor test logos on early MGM colour productions.
Coffee, 1932-1935 two-strip Technicolor
MGM began producing full three-strip Technicolor films in 1934, and used Tanner for all Technicolor films from 1934-1956.
Tanner, 1934-1956 full three-strip Technicolor films
The sixth lion, officially named George, was introduced in 1956.
Leo, the seventh lion, is MGM’s longest-lived, having appeared on most MGM films since 1957. He was also the youngest of all the lions at the time MGM filmed his roar (hence the smaller mane).
Hitchcock “directing” Leo in 1958, photo by Clarence Sinclair Bull
In 1965, in attempt to update its image, MGM recruited Lippincott to create a more contemporary logo. The result was known as “The Stylized Lion,” and it appeared at the front of three films in the 1960s: Grand Prix (1966), 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), and The Subject Was Roses (1968).
The stylized lion, 1966-1968
Leo was reinstated afterwards, but a refined version of Lippincott’s mark is in use today for MGM Resorts International.
More detail about each lion on Wikipedia. | <urn:uuid:4794a0a1-9a36-48bd-b171-f6260f787324> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.logopik.ir/the-history-of-the-mgm-lions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.959584 | 491 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Role of the PRC2-Six1-miR-25 signaling axis in heart failure.
journal contributionposted on 06.03.2019, 15:11 authored by Jae Gyun OhJae Gyun Oh, Seung Pil Jang, Jimeen Yoo, Min-Ah Lee, Seung Hee Lee, Taejoong lim, eden jeong, changwon khochangwon kho, Hyun Kook, Roger J. Hajjar, Woo Jin Park, Dongtak Jeong
The reduced expression of cardiac sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2a) is a hallmark of heart
failure. We previously showed that miR-25 is a crucial transcriptional regulator of SERCA2a in the heart.
However, the precise mechanism of cardiac miR-25 regulation is largely unknown. Literatures suggested that
miR-25 is regulated by the transcriptional co-factor, sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (Six1), which in turn is
epigenetically regulated by polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC 2) in cardiac progenitor cells. Therefore, we
aimed to investigate whether Six1 and PRC2 are indeed involved in the regulation of the miR-25 level in the
setting of heart failure. Six1 was up-regulated in the failing hearts of humans and mice. Overexpression of Six1
led to adverse cardiac remodeling, whereas knock-down of Six1 attenuated pressure overload-induced cardiac
dysfunction. The adverse effects of Six1 were ameliorated by knock-down of miR-25. The epigenetic repression
on the Six1 promoter by PRC2 was significantly reduced in failing hearts. Epigenetic repression of Six1 is relieved
through a reduction of PRC2 activity in heart failure. Six1 up-regulates miR-25, which is followed by
reduction of cardiac SERCA2a expression. Collectively, these data showed that the PRC2-Six1-miR-25 signaling
axis is involved in heart failure. Our finding introduces new insight into potential treatments of heart failure. | <urn:uuid:8fc6acd8-521f-4972-ad20-da119e6195b3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hra.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Role_of_the_PRC2-Six1-miR-25_signaling_axis_in_heart_failure_/7808579/1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.907898 | 461 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Former military service members spoke about the need for the repeal of “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell”; Derrick Martin, the gay Cochran, Ga., teen who fought to take his boyfriend to his senior prom and made national headlines, spoke about his new project, LifeVest, for LGBT youth who need help; and organizers Morgan and Cahill addressed the crowd after the march, saying “great things don’t come to those who wait, they come to those who agitate.”
At the Queer Jamz after party at the Mirage, Morgan and Cahill said they could not be more pleased with the success of the march.
“It was amazing!” they said at the same time.
“We got so many more people than we thought,” Cahill said. They estimated the crowd at some 400 people.
“Especially since it’s the first ever gay civil rights march in Savannah,” she added.
The march and the large participation means Savannah is “ready,” Morgan said.
“It’s ready to start the queer revolution, the queer movement,” Cahill jumped in to finish his sentence.
“When you saw Broughton covered [with people marching], there was this power you felt,” Morgan added.
Bobby Jeffery, who founded Savannah Pride 11 years ago, participated in the city’s first Queer Power March and said he was excited to see new, young people stepping up in the fight for LGBT equality in Savannah.
Cahill said the march proved that young people in Savannah are ready to be engaged in political activism.
They both said another march will be held next year, likely in September and right before Savannah Pride.
“We were able to put a little political conscience going into Pride,” Morgan said.
Savannah Pride shines despite rain
With Savannah Pride falling on Sept. 11 this year, organizers and participants made sure to acknowledge the anniversary of 2001 terrorist attacks by recognizing the military and service members. Savannah Pride also happened to fall just days after a federal district court in California ruled “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” was unconstitutional and some veterans spoke of the need to ensure the anti-gay policy is repealed.
But the overall theme of Savannah Pride was fun. A heavy downpour cleared out Forsyth Park for a few hours in the afternoon, but people filed back in after the rain cleared to enjoy entertainment by drag queens and kings as well as headliners Jason & deMarco and God-des and She.
Cindy Ussery, 40, of Milledgeville, was holding her sleeping grandson, Jackson, age 20 months, while watching some of the live music.
“This is his first Pride,” she said. Ussery was there with her partner, Stacie McCant, 38. Jackson’s tiny t-shirt read, “I love my nanas.”
“We’ve never been to Savannah Pride. We’ve been to Atlanta Pride and thought we’d check it out this year,” McCant said.
Although they were soaked in the heavy rain that fell mid-afternoon, they said they wanted to stay for the full fest.
Monte Arrington and David Towne, a couple for nearly 20 years, were on vacation from Vancouver, Canada, traveling the South. They attended Southern Decadence in New Orleans and decided to take a tour of more of the South when they found out about Savannah Pride.
“We’re having a blast, enjoying the Southern hospitality,” Towne said.
Heather Byars, executive director of Savannah Pride, said she felt the fest provided a safe space for a diverse community.
“The rain was a deterrent, but a lot of people stayed through the rain and lightening and stuck through it with us,” she said.
“We have a diverse crowd and that’s what this is all about — this is for the community.”
Top photo: Photos from Savannah Pride and Queer Power March (by Dyana Bagby) | <urn:uuid:cd6b7f98-0040-4bb9-ba2f-1939b08535b2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://thegavoice.com/savannahs-historic-queer-power-march-and-pride-fest-attract-hundreds/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00554-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972139 | 884 | 1.726563 | 2 |
The New York See It All Tour is exactly what it sounds like: an all-encompassing guided tour of New York City.
For 150 years, FAO Schwarz has been selling one-of-a-kind tours from around the world.
German immigrant Frederick August Otto Schwarz built a magical toy emporium with a theatrical touch that brought the toys to life. He immigrated to the U.S. in 1865 and opened "Toy Bazaar" with his two brothers six years later. He moved to NYC in 1870 and opened "Schwarz Brothers - Importers," while his brothers opened other, individual toy stores in the Baltimore and Boston areas. By 1900, Schwarz renamed the store "FAO Schwarz" and, according to many, he became the largest toy dealer in the world. Toys"R"Us, Inc. acquired the store in 2009.
FAO Schwarz is both the oldest toy store in the U.S. and one of the oldest retail establishments of any kind. It is not just a toy store, but a popular tourist destination now. It has also been featured in a variety of films and cartoons, such as Miracle on 34th St, Big, The New Yorkerand, most recently The Smurfs in 2011. | <urn:uuid:3df8b780-fc2f-41e6-ba23-3cdc0f13bc8d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.vacationsmadeeasy.com/NewYorkNY/pointsOfInterest/FAOSchwarzToyCompanyinNewYorkCityNY.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719215.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00200-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971379 | 257 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Among Canadians who are not yet back in their regular workplace, close to 4 in 10 do not feel safe returning
Months after COVID-19 began to spread in Canada, a large number of Canadian workers continue to work from home or are simply absent from their physical workplace. The survey asked these people whether they felt safe returning to work.
At the time of survey collection in June, close to 4 in 10 Canadian workers who were not in their regular workplace (38%) reported that they did not feel safe returning to work. The most commonly-reported reasons for not feeling safe were fear of contracting the virus and fear of infecting family members. About 30% said that they felt safe returning to their physical workplace, and another 32% said that they did not know or chose not to answer the question. | <urn:uuid:5b66ff22-2609-488d-a7ae-43a611fcc30c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mortgageweb.ca/en-US/michellebrienza/Blog/4289 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.986822 | 169 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Choosing a Major
There are many factors to be taken into account when choosing a college major. You might pick your major based on your abilities. Understanding what areas you have skills in and which areas could use work is a great way to start the process when choosing a university major. However, don’t discount the fields where you lack ability just yet; you’ll be able to build those up more during your studies.
Alternatively, you may pick your major based on values that you hold. Choosing a major based on your core beliefs can lead to work that is more rewarding and encouraging. However, attending university is a time of experimentation and self-discovery, and most people solidify their values during their college years. At first glance, your passions seem just like interest areas, only stronger. But this is quite an understatement. Passions are areas of deep interest, sure, but they also incorporate your values and abilities into something that becomes a burning, lifelong desire.
Nursing - LPNs and LVNs must complete an accredited nurse training program. These programs award a certificate or diploma and typically take about 1 year to complete. They are commonly found in technical schools and community colleges, although some nursing programs may be available directly through hospitals. Practical nursing programs combine classroom learning in subjects such as nursing, anatomy, human physiology, biology, and pharmacology. Programs also include supervised clinical experience and hospital rotations.
Medical Careers - Healthcare jobs provide over 15 million jobs, and ten of the 20 fastest growing occupations are healthcare-related. Most healthcare workers have jobs that require less than 4 years of college education, such as medical records, EMT and paramedics, ultrsound technicians, radiologic technologists, and dental hygienists.
Psychology - The American Board of Professional Psychology awards specialty certification in 15 areas of psychology, such as clinical health psychology, couple and family psychology, and rehabilitation psychology. Board certification can demonstrate professional expertise in a specialty area.
Sports Trainers - Coaching staff works to support and train players, with massage therapists, fitness specialists, nutrition, and medical personnel. Sports coaches improve the physical condition of an athlete to help increase their full performance; improve form, technique, skills and stamina. Their role involves identifying individual athletes strengths and weaknesses, as well as those of their opponents.
Majors in the Arts
Film making - Students may pursue film programs at specialized colleges, learning about film history, editing, screenwriting, cinematography, and the filmmaking process. Film makers may also have bachelors degrees in either journalism or communications. Stage directors, by comparison, may complete a degree in theater and go on to earn a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) degree. Classes in this major include directing, playwriting, set design, and acting. Producers and directors might start out working in theatrical management offices as business or company managers. In television or film, they might start out as assistants or in other low-profile studio jobs.
Graphic Design - Good graphic design stems from an understanding of page design, like you'd see in a magazine. If you break down the elements that make up website design, such as color palettes and mobile graphics, you'll end up with commercial art that works well. Designers must be able to create visual concepts that inspire, inform, or captivate consumers, while art directors are responsible for the layout of pages, product packaging, or other elements that affect the overall appearance of a work. The National Association of Schools of Art and Design accredits programs in studio art, computerized design, and graphics.
Fine Art - The National Association of Schools of Art and Design accredits more than 360 postsecondary colleges, universities, and independent institutes with programs in art and design. Most programs include courses in studio art, principles of design, computerized design, commercial graphics production, printing techniques, and website design. For many artists, including graphic designers, developing a portfolio is essential because employers rely on portfolios in making hiring decisions. Most established artists invest effort selling their artwork to potential customers, marketing their work online, and building a reputation.
Music - Undergrad music programs offer classes in music history, style and improvisation, and teach methods for improving instrumental and vocal technique. Voice coaching programs include courses in musical expression in live performances, which helps students develop the ability to play music comfortably under the stress of a large audience. Educational and training requirements for music directors and composers vary, although most positions require related work experience, found by submitting recordings of their compositions to bands, singers, record companies, and movie studios. Composers may promote themselves directly through licensing original recordings online.
Dance - Some of the most common dance assessment methods are auditions and stage performances, direct observations in class, self-assessments, peer responses, and video portfolios. The National Dance Association of the United States has formulated standards by which students are evaluated. These standards include a various set of skills, from being able to understand and perform choreographies to applying critical thinking and problem-solving skills to learning dance.
Management - There are a variety of approaches to project management. Critical chain management (CCPM) puts more emphasis on the resources required to execute tasks, while event chain methodology focuses on managing events that will affect scheduling. Regardless of the method you choose, the Small Business Administration advises listing out specific project objectives, create a working timeline of both materials and personnel, and monitor all required costs as the project proceeds. Project control means keeping on-track, on-time, and under budget.
Marketing - Marketing specialists create and maintain a favorable public image for the organization they represent, whether in private industry or for government agencies. Public relations, on the other hand, may involve designing media releases in an attempt to shape public perception of their organization and to increase awareness of its work and long-term goals. Publicity may require consultation with advertising agencies to arrange promotional campaigns in all types of print and digital media.
Finance - Assessing a company's stability requires the use of both income statements and balance sheet, as well as non-financial indicators. Financial analysts compare financial ratios of solvency, profitability, and growth, to better judge the value of a company's performance. Liquidity ratios measure the availability of cash to pay current liabilities, while debt ratios measure the firm's ability to repay long-term debt. Profitability ratios, on the other hand, gauge asset use and expense control, to generate a market rate-of-return. Financial ratios must be considered with care, because they depend on the accounting methods used. A discount rate is used to determine the present value of expected returns, and if a business anticipates being highly profitable in the short-term, it may be wiser to take out a bank loan, rather than expand the number of shares outstanding.
Accounting - Accountants and auditors ensure that financial records are accurate and that taxes are paid properly and on time. Public accountants work with financial documents that clients are required by law to disclose. These include tax forms and balance sheet statements that corporations must provide to potential investors. Budget analysts prepare budget reports and monitor institutional spending, while cost estimators collect and analyze accounting data. A certified public accountant (CPA) may utilize these reports in preparing summaries for managerial accounting purposes, as well as in tax filings and SEC reporting.
Education - The majority of teacher licensure programs are five-year commitments. Students earn a baccalaureate degree from the College of Arts & Sciences and a minor in Elementary, Middle School or Secondary Education from the College of Education at the end of senior year. During the fifth year, students enroll in a one-year internship to complete requirements for a teaching license and to earn graduate credits toward a master's degree. While prospective K-5 teachers may complete any Arts & Sciences major, future secondary and middle school teachers may select a major in the subject area they plan to teach.
History - History is a common undergrad major leading to law school admissions. If you enjoy learning about US history, political sciene, or European history, even as far back as ancient history, then follow your natural inclinations. What motivation do historians bring to bear when they dedicate years of research in order to uncover the facts surrounding historic developments? It's more important to understand the significance of conflicts or government actions, than it is to memorize historical dates and persons.
Law - Legal careers can range from working in a legal setting such as a courtroom or law office to corporate consulting or maritime law. Preparing legal advice or representation for a client commonly requires substantial research into applicable international trade laws and regulations. All lawyers in the US must have a law degree and must also pass their state's written bar examination. Most states and jurisdictions require lawyers to complete a juris doctor (JD) degree from a law school accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA), including courses such as constitutional law, contracts, maritime law, civil procedure, and legal writing. Students may complete an internship at a law firm, working under the supervision of an experienced attorney.
English - As the basis of many careers, students are advised to choose an English major. For writing classes, make the paragraph your basis of composition, and limit each paragraph to a specific topic. In fact, begin each paragraph with your topic sentence, both in creative writing as well as for technical writing. Choose a method of organizing your thoughts, and then follow through with persuasive technique.
Engineering & Computer
Engineering - Mechanical engineers typically need a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering or mechanical engineering technology. Mechanical engineering programs usually include courses in mathematics and life and physical sciences, as well as engineering and design. Mechanical engineering technology programs focus less on theory and more on the practical application of engineering principles. A Professional Engineering (PE) license, which allows for higher levels of leadership and independence, can be acquired later in one's career.
Robotics - Manufacturing facilities around the world are increasing adoption of industrial robots to increase automation and maintain competitiveness. In both the US and China particularly, application of industrial robots is on the rise. Sales of industrial robots grew by 66 percent in the past 5 years alone in the USA, according to the International Federation of Robots. The Robotic Industries Association (RIA) reported that the world market for industrial robots is driven primarily by demand from motor vehicle manufacturing, followed by the electronics industry.
Programming - Computer programmers write and test code that allows computer applications to function properly. The financial crisis has only strengthened the need for talented software engineers. C# combines the robustness of C++ with the advanced features of JAVA. The C# language is most easily compiled within Visual Studio IDE, a rapid-development platform. If you are writing a web-based application in ASP.NET, you will be required to code in C# or Visual Basic for the backend. The JAVA language further adds to the capabilities of C++, and is portable, independent of the underlying operating system.
Networking - Network and computer systems administrators are responsible for the day-to-day operation of these networks. They organize, install, and support an organization?s computer systems, including local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), network segments, intranets, and other data communication systems. They must determine the system requirements and limitations, and make needed hardware and software upgrades to ensure that systems are operating correctly. They also maintain network security, and optimize system performance.
Math - Math classes may be refocused toward practical applications, such as numerical analytics of big data online or statistical interpretation of scientific research results. Further, financial engineers or 'quants' may be called upon to prepare math-based reports for financial management, in order to develop high-speed, stock investment algorithms. Most undergraduate math degree programs begin at calculus, and go on to advanced research topics and logical proofs.
Biology - Biotechnology uses the DNA of living organisms to bioengineer new products artificially. Depending on the tools and applications, it often overlaps with the related fields of biomedicine, pharmacology, and genetic engineering. USDA researchers seek to solve major agricultural problems and to better understand the basic plant biology relating to crop science. Modern biotech methods are used to manufacture existing medicines more easily, in order to treat human diseases.
Chemistry - Chemical engineers apply the principles of chemistry, biology, physics, and math to solve problems that involve the production or use of chemicals, fuel, drugs, food, and many other products. They design processes and equipment for manufacturing, test production methods, and oversee byproducts treatment. Process engineers are specialists working in a particular process, such as oxidation or polymerization (making plastics and resins). They may spend a large portion of their work day at chemical plants and petrolueum refineries, directing operations or solving chemical reaction problems.
Earth Science - Mining and geological engineers design mines to safely and efficiently remove minerals such as coal and metals for use in manufacturing and utilities. Geological engineers in particluar are charged with searching for mineral deposits through satellite data and ground sonar, and then evaluating potential digging sites. Once a site is identified, they plan how the metals or minerals will be extracted in an efficient and environmentally sound way.
Car & Truck - Automotive and diesel mechanics inspect, repair, and overhaul cars, buses and trucks. Although service technicians work on traditional mechanical systems, such as engines, transmissions, and drivebelts, they also must be familiar with a growing number of electronic systems. Braking, transmission, and steering systems are increasingly controlled by computer chips. Additionally, fuel injection and engine timing systems rely on microprocessors to maximize fuel efficiency and minimize harmful emissions.
Home Repair - Because HVACR systems have become increasingly complex, HVAC technicians need to seek out postsecondary instruction from technical schools or community colleges that offer programs in heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration. Over the course of the apprenticeship, technicians learn safety practices, blueprint reading, and how to use tools. New HVACR technicians typically begin by working alongside experienced technicians, performing basic tasks such as insulating refrigerant lines or cleaning furnaces. In time, they move on to more difficult tasks, including cutting and soldering pipes or checking electrical circuits.
Cooking - The American Culinary Federation accredits more than 200 academic training programs at culinary arts schools, and sponsors apprenticeships around the country. This training can be grueling, from attending a culinary arts program to serving a long apprenticeship in a commercial kitchen, under the watchful eyes of a master chef. Finally, cooking courses may cover food sanitation and safety, basic knife skills, and kitchen equipment operation.
College credit is the standard measurement of a student’s academic competency. Essentially, it represents how much effort you, the student, put into a single course over a semester. This effort is most often represented by hours of work. You must complete 120 college credits to earn a bachelor’s degree. That’s about 40 classes, which most people assume you can complete in 4 years. Most colleges want to ensure their students have a good foundation in the liberal arts while also covering the major you’ve chosen in greater depth.
Colleges may require you to take up to 60 credits of low-level courses spanning a variety of general subjects. While you get to choose which choose which specific courses you take, you must pick from within your college’s requirements. On the other hand, the free electives you choose are drawn from available courses within other departments. Generally, many of these courses will be upper-level courses and more time-consuming than the rest of your bachelor’s degree.
One of the best ways to save money on college is by transferring credit. There’s a myriad of ways to earn college credit that will save you thousands of dollars on your degree. Community college, CLEP, DSST, and affordable online courses are just a few examples. But even if you’re not trying to save money on your degree, if you’re simply considering switching colleges, understanding how degrees are structured will help you when earning college credit. | <urn:uuid:25c87c0d-7498-4ad0-b0d8-9329af032193> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://kooksta.com/majors.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.945185 | 3,399 | 2.375 | 2 |
Early Church Fathers
John XVIII. 33-40.
1. What Pilate said to Christ, or what He replied to Pilate, has to be considered and handled in the present discourse. For after the words had been addressed to the Jews, "Take ye him, and judge him according to your law," and the Jews had replied, "It is not lawful for us to put any man to death, Pilate entered again into the judgment hall, and called Jesus, and said unto Him, Art thou the King of the Jews? And Jesus answered, Sayest thou this thing of thyself, or did others tell it thee of me?" The Lord indeed knew both what He Himself asked, and what reply the other was to give; but yet He wished it to be spoken, not for the sake of information to Himself, but that what He wished us to know might be recorded in Scripture. "Pilate answered, Am I a Jew? Thine own nation, and the chief priests, have delivered thee unto me: what hast thou done? Jesus answered, My kingdom is not of this world. If my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but now is my kingdom not from hence." This is what the good Master wished us to know; but first there had to be shown us the vain notion that men had regarding His kingdom, whether Gentiles or Jews, from whom Pilate had heard it; as if He ought to have been punished with death on the ground of aspiring to an unlawful kingdom; or as those in the possession of royal power usually manifest their ill-will to such as are yet to attain it, as if, for example, precautions were to be used lest His kingdom should prove adverse either to the Romans or to the Jews. But the Lord was able to reply to the first question of the governor, when he asked Him, "Art thou the King of the Jews?" with the words, "My kingdom is not of this world," etc.; but by questioning him in turn, whether he said this thing of himself, or heard it from others, He wished by his answer to show that He had been charged with this as a crime before him by the Jews: laying open to us the thoughts of men, which were all known to Himself, that they are but vain;1 and now, after Pilate's answer, giving them, both Jews and Gentiles, all the more reasonable and fitting a reply, "My kingdom is not of this world." But had He made an immediate answer to Pilate's question, His reply would have appeared to refer to the Gentiles only, without including the Jews, as entertaining such an opinion regarding Him. But now when Pilate replied, "Am I a Jew? Thine own nation, and the chief priests, have delivered thee to me;" he removed from himself the suspicion of being possibly supposed to have spoken of his own accord, in saying that Jesus was the king of the Jews, by showing that such a statement had been communicated to him by the Jews. And then by saying, "What hast thou done?" he made it sufficiently clear that this was charged against Him as a crime: as if he had said, If thou deniest such kingly claims, what hast thou done to cause thy being delivered unto me? As if there would be no ground for wonder that one should be delivered up to a judge for punishment, who proclaimed himself a king; but if no such assertion were made, it became needful to inquire of Him, what else, if anything, He had done, that He should thus deserve to be delivered unto the judge.
2. Hear then, ye Jews and Gentiles; hear, O circumcision; hear, O uncircumcision; hear, all ye kingdoms of the earth: I interfere not with your government in this world, "My kingdom is not of this world." Cherish ye not the utterly vain terror that threw Herod the elder into consternation when the birth of Christ was announced, and led him to the murder of so many infants in the hope of including Christ in the fatal number,2 made more cruel by his fear than by his anger: "My kingdom," He said, "is not of this world." What would you more? Come to the kingdom that is not of this world; come, believing, and fall not into the madness of anger through fear. He says, indeed, prophetically of God the Father, "Yet have I been appointed king by Him upon His holy hill of Zion;"3 but that hill of Zion is not of this world. For what is His kingdom, save those who believe in Him, to whom He says, "Ye are not of the world, even as I am not of the world"? And yet He wished them to be in the world: on that very account saying of them to the Father, "I pray not that Thou shouldest take them out of the world, but that Thou shouldest keep them from the evil."4 Hence also He says not here, "My kingdom is not" in this world; but, "is not of this world." And when He proved this by saying, "If my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews," He saith not, "But now is my kingdom not" here, but, "is not from hence." For His kingdom is here until the end of the world, having tares intermingled therewith until the harvest; for the harvest is the end of the world, when the reapers, that is to say, the angels, shall come and gather out of His kingdom everything that offendeth;5 which certainly would not be done, were it not that His kingdom is here. But still it is not from hence; for it only sojourns as a stranger in the world: because He says to His kingdom, "Ye are not of the world, but I have chosen you out of the world."6 They were therefore of the world, so long as they were not His kingdom, but belonged to the prince of this world. Of the world therefore are all mankind, created indeed by the true God, but generated from Adam as a vitiated and condemned stock; and there are made into a kingdom no longer of the world, all from thence that have been regenerated in Christ. For so did God rescue us from the power of darkness, and translate us into the kingdom of the Son of His love:7 and of this kingdom it is that He saith, "My kingdom is not of this world;" or, "My kingdom is not from hence."
3. "Pilate therefore said unto Him, Art thou a king then? Jesus answered, Thou sayest that I am a king." Not that He was afraid to confess Himself a king, but "Thou sayest" has been so balanced that He neither denies Himself to be a king (for He is a king whose kingdom is not of this world), nor does He confess that He is such a king as to warrant the supposition that His kingdom is of this world. For as this was the very idea in Pilate's mind when he said, '"Art thou a king then?" so the answer he got was, "Thou sayest that I am a king." For it was said, "Thou sayest," as if it had been said, Carnal thyself, thou sayest it carnally.
4. Thereafter He adds, "To this end was I born, and for this cause came I into the world, that I should bear witness unto the truth." * *8 Whence it is evident that He here referred to His own temporal nativity, when by becoming incarnate He came into the world, and not to that which had no beginning, whereby He was God through whom the Father created the world. For this, then, that is, on this account, He declared that He was born, and to this end He came into the world, to wit, by being born of the Virgin, that He might bear witness unto the truth. But because all men have not faith,9 He still further said, "Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice." He heareth, that is to say, with the ears of the inward man, or, in other words, He obeyeth my voice, which is equivalent to saying, He believeth me. When Christ, therefore, beareth witness unto the truth, He beareth witness, of course, unto Himself; for from His own lips are the words, "I am the truth;"10 as He said also in another place, "I bear witness of myself."11 But when He said, "Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice," He commendeth the grace whereby He calleth according to His own purpose. Of which purpose the apostle says, "We know that all things work together for good to them that love God, to those who are called according to the purpose of God,"12 to wit, the purpose of Him that calleth, not of those who are called; which is put still. more clearly in another place in this way, "Labor together in the gospel according to the power of God, who saveth us and calleth us with His holy calling, not according to our works, but according to His own purpose and grace."13 For if our thoughts turn to the nature wherein we have been created, inasmuch as we were all created by the Truth, who is there that is not of the truth? But it is not all to whom it is given of the truth to hear, that is, to obey the truth, and to believe in the truth; while in no case certainly is there any preceding of merit, lest grace should cease to be grace. For had He said, Every one that heareth my voice is of the truth, then it would be supposed that he was declared to be of the truth because he conforms to the truth; it is not this, however, that He says, but, "Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice." And in this way he is not of the truth simply because he heareth His voice; but only on this account he heareth, because he is of the truth, that is, because this is a gift bestowed on him of the truth. And what else is this, but that by Christ's gracious bestowal he believeth on Christ?
5. "Pilate said unto Him, What is truth?" Nor did he wait to hear the answer; but "when he had said this, he went out again unto the Jews, and said unto them, I find in him no fault. But ye have a custom that I should release unto you one at the passover: will ye therefore that I release unto you the King of the Jews?" I believe when Pilate said, "What is truth?" there immediately occurred to his mind the custom of the Jews, according to which he was wont to release unto them one at the passover; and therefore he did not wait to hear Jesus' answer to his question, What is truth? to avoid delay on recollecting the custom whereby He might be released unto them during the passover-a thing which it is clear he greatly desired. It could not, however, be torn from his heart that Jesus was the King of the Jews, but was fixed there, as in the superscription, by the truth itself, whereof he had just inquired what it was. "But on hearing this, they all cried again, saying, Not this man, but Barabbas. Now Barabbas was a robber." We blame you not, O jews, for liberating the guilty during the passover, but for slaying the innocent; and yet unless that were done, the true passover would not take place. But a shadowy of the truth was retained by the erring Jews, and by a marvellous dispensation of divine wisdom the truth of that same shadow was fulfilled by deluded men; because in order that the true passover might be kept, Christ was led as a sheep to the sacrificial slaughter. Hence there follows the account of the injurious treatment received by Christ at the hands of Pilate and his cohort; but this must be taken up in another discourse. | <urn:uuid:33b76828-8722-45aa-8994-f33fe6408fd8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bible.ca/history/fathers/NPNF1-07/npnf1-07-120.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00328-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.987111 | 2,550 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Wael Ghonim is an activist who helped spark the Egyptian Revolution, a wave of protests and demonstrations in Egypt that were part of the Arab Spring, and which helped overthrow the long-reigning Egyptian dictator Hosni Mubarak.
Ghonim, who worked for Google at the time, used social media to unite Egyptians and create the movement in his country and was jailed for it. Thanks to social media and his connections at Google, Ghonim was freed in mere days. The same was not true for many of his friends.
Last week marked the five-year anniversary of the Arab Spring, but some have called the aftermath in Egypt a “bitter winter.” The revolution failed to bring change and there are reports citizens there are now worse off – the country has a new dictator, now lacks a free press and is flooded with propaganda, and activists are often intimidated and detained.
Ghonim now resides in the United States, along with his family, and has launched a new discussion platform called Parlio, which he hopes will continue helping to spark civil conversations.
Parlio is still in the early stages and you must be invited to add to the conversation. You’ll also need to pledge that you will engage civilly before contributing to the discussion. The hope is that squashes trolling and flame wars often found on other social media threads.
I sat down with Ghonim and his team to discuss his new startup and how we can use online tools to create the change we want to see in our world. | <urn:uuid:76095d3c-3540-4001-ad53-3c5c43bfb38e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://techcrunch.com/2016/01/28/inside-parlio-egyptian-activist-wael-ghonims-new-platform-for-social-change/?ncid=rss | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00355-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.981076 | 314 | 2.21875 | 2 |
FUNNY SAYINGS ABOUT BEING SMART
(HARPER WOODS, MICHIGAN, U.S)
Are you SMART? Then spell it ...... S-M-A-R-T ....NO YOU SHOULD SPELL THE WORD "IT".
Don't eat nuts, if you "are what you eat".
Smart people seem like crazy people to dumb people.
Soldiers are so stupid when in battle, off course the enemy are looking for people dressed like soldiers. Dress like circus clowns or something and catch them by surprise.
Do people who fish actually have any idea what is going on below them? Thought so!
Click here to post comments
Join in and write your own page! It's easy to do. How? Simply click here to return to Funny Sayings. | <urn:uuid:eaea45c4-eda8-4e2a-9fed-52cd5330f170> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.fun-stuff-to-do.com/funny-sayings-about-being-smart.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00494-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920818 | 170 | 1.632813 | 2 |
In the modern world, the general public is facing more strain than ever before.
With a range of varied factors in play, the rate of inflation is increasing, meaning that costs are increasing in all areas of the market.
Unlike issues with supply or resource shortages, the cost-of-living crisis means that everything is getting more expensive – something that is not often matched by an increase in wages.
Because of this, many households may begin to struggle with the rising bills and costs that they are facing.
The average electricity bill, for example, has increased from £450 in 2020 to £760 in 2021 – an increase of 36%.
Many households are not able to keep up with these raising costs due to a lack of response from employers.
Many businesses are not increasing wages to match inflation, meaning that although things are beginning to cost more, most individuals are not making more money to match this.
All across the UK, people are beginning to struggle financially to keep up with these costs.
Whether it is water and electricity bills or the cost of shopping for food, any increase in the financial burden of these factors can have a massive impact on an individual’s mental health.
When faced with financial trials, many individuals are likely to begin to struggle.
This can be in terms of financial difficulties i.e., raising enough money to pay for their household costs, or it can be in terms of mental health.
For those who may not be able to keep up with these increasing costs, or those who excessively worry about finances generally, the rising cost of living is enough to cause a host of issues.
For example, anxiety is a mental health issue that may be especially affected by this crisis due to the nature of the disorder.
If an individual is more likely to worry about things in general and be caused stress by everyday activities, a sudden increase in the cost of their weekly food shop may be enough to cause them severe stress.
In addition to this, many individuals have people who rely on them, especially in the case of carers or parents with young children.
This can cause additional strain when considering how to continue supporting them.
If you or someone you know is finding it especially challenging to cope with the cost-of-living crisis, then it may be useful to begin to consider adopting new habits or working towards reducing the stress of a financial strain.
In general – no matter the physical or mental symptoms of the individual’s mental health issues – it is important to remember that help is always available.
In addition to government schemes and promises of aid, there are also many privately-operated programmes that are working to help reduce the strain of the cost-of-living crisis.
There are also several steps that an individual can take themselves, whether this is in the comfort of their own home, as part of their daily routine, or something that they may introduce as a form of self-help and mental wellbeing.
The following paragraphs cover some of the top tips for coping and managing an individual’s mental health during the cost-of-living crisis.
This is one of the first things that individuals are recommended to do when seeking help for a majority of mental health issues.
As well as having a renowned effect on the strain of mental health issues such as anxiety and depression, physical exercise can come at no additional cost to the individual.
To take part in physical exercise, individuals can organise team games with friends, join a local walking group, or start working out at home.
By focusing the mind in this way, individuals are more likely to get into a routine (something that can be reassuring to many individuals) as well as providing them with an alternative point of focus.
In order to stay on top of the rising costs across the market, it may be useful to keep a detailed and accurate record of all spending and bills across the household.
Not only will this provide peace of mind for many individuals who struggle with money, but it is also a great way to track how and where costs are rising, helping to cut down in some areas where it is possible.
This can be done by creating a spreadsheet, either a physical record or on the computer.
Individuals should track their monthly income and expenses, making a note of the different areas of spending e.g., essentials, recreational, bills, etc.
There is nothing worse than being confronted with an issue and staying inside all day to deal with it.
This is why, where possible, it is always recommended to get at least a few minutes of fresh air every day.
Even if this is taking a step outside between meetings, taking some deep breaths whilst on a lunchtime walk, or spending free time in the garden or balcony, getting outside can give the individual’s mental health an instant boost.
Especially during the pandemic, it was noted that even a short amount of time outside could help to mitigate the negative effects to mental health and wellbeing.
This is also the case in more general cases of mental health, being appropriate for the cost-of-living crisis now just as much as it was then.
Following on from financial tracking, actually understanding the ways that the cost of different services or products is broken down can be a great way to reduce the stress associated with these uncertainties.
For example, some households have combined bill costs, meaning that understanding the breakdown of these can be difficult.
In these cases, it is possible to check the breakdown of bills or contact the company directly to understand more about how you are being charged.
This can be added to the financial tracker, increasing understanding of costs as well as redistributing finances to other areas where possible or necessary.
In many cases, individuals tend to keep financial worries to themselves.
Whether they believe it to be a sign of weakness or struggle or simply be embarrassed about their financial situation, this is not the best way to deal with these issues.
By talking to people that they trust, individuals may be able to get advice or support.
For example, the individual may not have heard of schemes in which they can access cheaper goods, but after talking to a friend or family member, they may learn about this and cut down on the costs of some areas of spending.
It is also a great way to unburden oneself of the stresses that are carried during the financial struggle.
Just talking to someone else may be enough to motivate someone to change their habits, research more about their situation, or start a financial tracker.
In all cases of struggling with a mental health issue, it is important to be patient and take every situation as it comes.
By thinking too much about the future and the possibility of financial issues, the individual is subjecting them to worrying about the issue twice.
The first time is as in anticipation of the future, and the other as it actually happens.
Taking it slow and working through every day as it comes may not sound like a great idea to start with.
Still, when the individual stops worrying so much about what is to come rather than the issues currently at hand, the less stress they will endure and the more likely they are to make progress both in their financial situation and their mental well-being.
In a worst-case scenario, individuals who struggle and worry too much about the issues facing them in the past, present, and future may risk burnout.
This is where the body begins to shut down, either physically, mentally, or both.
Though this is especially prevalent amongst healthcare workers, it is quickly becoming a universal risk through the mounting pressures of the cost of living.
Burnout is something that individuals want to avoid as it often stops them from working as they normally would or taking part in everyday activities.
By following the above tips, taking things step by step, and seeking help where necessary, individuals are far less likely to experience a burnout.
In the cases where burnout occurs, the individual should continue to be patient with themselves and not push themselves beyond their limits.
The cost-of-living crisis is affecting every individual in the UK right now.
Not every individual will encounter the same issues, but when faced with a generally increasing cost across all areas, there are likely to be issues.
By staying on top of the situation, being aware of the changes that are happening, and taking time from an everyday routine to incorporate some mental well-being activities, individuals may feel less stress and mental health strain than they did before.
As mentioned above, the top tips in this article are designed to help the individual to help themselves.
In the case where further support is needed, there are a range of online resources to help individuals who are struggling or may require specific advice.
To learn more about the cost-of-living crisis, its effect on an individual’s mental well-being, and how to get additional support for this, please feel free to contact Rehab 4 Addiction’s support line on 0800 140 4690.
Although we primarily offer support for addiction, mental health forms a key part of our expertise.
For this reason, Rehab 4 Addiction is practised in providing mental health support as well as referring individuals to additional sources of support should they need it.
Get in contact today to find out how we can help you. | <urn:uuid:e978f4d8-8504-4798-afdf-890c86bc7f08> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.rehab4addiction.co.uk/blog/mental-health-cost-living-crisis | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.966797 | 1,902 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Regional Reviews: Washington, D.C.
The 1963 play was written and originally directed by June Havoc, based on her own experiences in the dance marathon culture. It begins with teenage June (Jennifer Richter), who had been a vaudeville star since childhood (Baby June, as portrayed in the musical Gypsy), looking for any job in a bad market. She has walked miles to the dance hall to earn $5 singing with the band, but instead gets tapped by marathon regular Patsy (Bruce Alan Rauscher) to be his partner.
Today, the term "dance marathon" refers to charity events that run for a strictly limited period of time. In the 1930s, unemployed people who had run out of options agreed to dance 45 minutes of every hour, 24 hours a day, for as many days as they could, playing to the audience (songs, comedy routines) in the hope of receiving a "silver shower" of coins while outlasting the other contestants to win $2,000. One dancer has a tooth pulled without leaving the dance floor; two dancers, wrapped together in a blanket, have sex in plain sight. The mellow-voiced MC (Bill Karukas) stirs up the crowd with the repeated slogan, "How long can they last?"
June soon understands the appeal of the marathon to spectators: "Sadism is sexy, masochism is talent." The producer of the marathon (Craig Miller) sees this situation from another perspective, helping to calm down dancers who hallucinate and scream because "when she crashes for good, the audience has a right to see it."
Richter, with her guileless, open face and golden curls, captures the audience's sympathy and Rauscher is a good match as a man ground down by cynicism but determined to keep going.
Marshall has organized a fearless cast of 32 actors plus a live band led by Tom Fuller. Most of the time, the group of dancers serves as a living backdrop to the constantly shifting set of small dramas playing out on the floor.
American Century decided to localize the setting of Marathon '33, placing the marathon site in the historic Arlington neighborhood of Clarendon. Audience members begin their trip into the past as they walk through exhibits presenting Clarendon in the 1930s, then-and-now photos of landmarks (a building that now houses coffee shop was originally a streetcar station), and newspapers from the period of the play.
American Century Theater | <urn:uuid:8727adde-4bdb-4be5-8f26-b968ef9130a5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.talkinbroadway.com/page/regional/dc/dc606.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00334-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968197 | 510 | 1.507813 | 2 |
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Bothered by Negative, Unwanted Thoughts? Just Throw Them Away – Association for Psychological Science.
Written by huehueteotl
November 27, 2012 at 8:38 pm
Posted in Psychology, what I read
Tagged with Attitude, Psychological Science, self-control, Thinking
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All About Linux Foundation Courses
How to Get ready for the LFCS Test? Getting ready for the LFCS Linux Foundation Qualified System Administrator Certificate test? Don’t know where to begin? This post is the LFCS Certificate Study Guide (with links to each examination goal). Linux foundation training india. I have actually curated a list of posts from Microsoft documentation for each objective of the LFCS test.
I get a commission when you acquire through them. Vital Commands 25% Log into regional & remote visual and text mode consoles Look for files Examine and compare the standard file system features and alternatives Compare and manipulate file content Usage input-output redirection (e. g (Linux Foundation Discount). >, >>,, 2 >) Examine a text using fundamental regular expressions Archive, backup, compress, unpack, and uncompress files Create, erase, copy, and move files and directory sites Develop and manage difficult and soft links List, set, and change basic file authorizations Check out, and use system documents Manage access to the root account Operation of Running Systems 20% Boot, reboot, and shut down a system safely Boot or change system into various operating modes Set up, configure and troubleshoot bootloaders Detect and handle procedures Find and analyze system log files Arrange jobs to perform at a set date and time Confirm completion of scheduled jobs Update software to supply necessary functionality and security Verify the integrity and accessibility of resources Verify the integrity and schedule of crucial processes Change kernel runtime specifications, persistent and non-persistent Use scripting to automate system upkeep jobs Manage the start-up procedure and services (In Solutions Configuration) List and recognize SELinux/App, Armor file and process contexts Manage Software application Recognize the component of a Linux circulation that a file comes from Amazon link (affiliate) User and Group Management 10% Develop, erase, and customize regional user accounts Develop, erase, and customize local groups and group subscriptions Manage system-wide environment profiles Handle design template user environment Configure user resource restricts Manage user privileges Configure PAM Networking 12% Configure networking and hostname resolution statically or dynamically Configure network services to begin immediately at boot Implement packet filtering Start, stop and inspect the status of network services Statically path IP traffic Synchronize time using other network peers Service Configuration 20% Set up a caching DNS server Preserve a DNS zone Configure e-mail aliases Configure SSH servers and clients Restrict access to the HTTP proxy server Set up an IMAP and IMAPS service Query and modify the habits of system services at numerous operating modes Set up an HTTP server Configure HTTP server log files Set up a database server Restrict access to a websites Manage and configure containers Manage and configure Virtual Devices Storage Management 13% List, create, erase, and customize physical storage partitions Handle and set up LVM storage Create and set up encrypted storage Configure systems to mount file systems at or during boot Configure and manage swap space Produce and manage RAID gadgets Configure systems to install file systems on need Create, handle and diagnose advanced file system approvals Set up user and group disk quotas for filesystems Produce and configure file systems. Linux foundation training india. This brings us to the end of the LFCS Linux Foundation Certified System Administrator research study guide. Linux foundation training india. | <urn:uuid:e308ce0d-5726-4e64-87fc-4149b2782f2a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://linuxcertifications.net/linux-certified-systems-administrator/linux-foundation-training-india/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.843214 | 1,311 | 1.773438 | 2 |
PHSE & RSE
I am me.
“You are braver than you believe and stronger than you seem and smarter than you think.”
Christopher Robin to Winnie the Pooh
Our school’s approach to relationships and sex education (RSE) and health education (PSHE) follows that of the Church of England Education Office in that it seeks to be faith-sensitive and inclusive. It is underpinned by the key Biblical passage:
“I have come in order that you might have life – life in all its fullness” (John 10:10)
In St Thomas à Becket CEVA Primary School, we aim to treat everyone with dignity as all people are made in the image of God and are loved equally by God. We believe that all pupils have a right to an education which enables them to flourish and which is set in a learning community where differences of lifestyle and opinion (within that which is permissible under UK law) are treated with dignity and respect; where bullying of all kinds is eliminated; and where they are free to be themselves and fulfil their potential without fear.
As part of our emphasis on the well-being and care of all pupils, our school seeks to ensure that the RSHE curriculum protects, informs and nurtures them. We aim to prepare pupils to cope with the physical and emotional challenges of growing up and in doing so, our RSHE curriculum clearly differentiates between factual teaching (biology, medicine, the law, marriage, different types of families and the composition of society) and moral teaching about relationships and values, recognising that the distinction can be easily blurred and that there needs to be discernment about the manner in which this is taught. We teach RSHE within a moral (but not moralistic) framework.
PSHE and RSE in St Thomas à Becket School is about what constitutes wellbeing and loving care for ourselves (physical and mental health education), how we show loving care for others (relationships education) and, when at an appropriate age and stage in life, how we show loving care to those we choose to be intimate with (sex education). Pupils will consider how to ensure that they treat themselves and others, at all times and in all contexts, with dignity and respect.
|PSHE RSE Curriculum Journey||PSHE Milestones||PSHE & RSE National Curriculum| | <urn:uuid:99ffc7e7-f7a5-4f45-9562-f58d9b477f28> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.st-thomas-a-becket.wilts.sch.uk/pshe/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.963664 | 493 | 2.65625 | 3 |
I recently wrote a post about Misconceptions about Jacob’s Tithing Vow, and this post is intended to be a sequel. If you have not read that post first, it is imperative to read it here before reading this. Many of you were shocked and actually enlightened to the real truth behind Jacob’s motives to his vow in Genesis 28. The first post is important to read and was written to introduce you up to what’s being said in this post. I feel that the following information is one of the largest pieces to the puzzle when understanding the course of tithing throughout scripture.
Some time in 2007, i was studying the passage about Jacob’s tithing vow. All of a sudden i had one of the most amazing “Ah” moments. It was like the movie, “Sixth Sense” when everything that didn’t make sense this whole time all rushed to my head at once and came together. I always wondered, when did Jacob tithe, could he have tithed, how, and who could he have tithed to? Jacob made a vow to God in Genesis 28, “of all that you give me, i will surely give a tenth back to you“. Here’s the thing, Jacob never gave the tithe, nor was he capable of giving a tithe. Although Jacob was not capable of tithing in his life eventually he was able to do so through his children.
Jacob’s tithing vow has been overlooked because it is dwarfed between the shadows of Abraham and the Mosaic laws. Much research has been done on Abraham’s tithe to Melchizidek, and more research has been done on Mosaic tithing laws, while very few analyze Jacob’s tithing experience. We try to prove or disprove tithing through Abraham’s example and/or the Mosaic law that we didn’t realize that Jacob’s tithing vow is the most significant moment during the timeline of the biblical tithe.
With this in depth analysis, you will find answers to some of the questions surrounding the tithing vow of Jacob. You will also find some of the ‘best evidence’ against those who support tithing because of its occurrence 400 years before the Mosaic law. You will also see the biblical reasons why Israel could only tithe from agriculture and livestock, and why they could only tithe from the produce of the promised land. You will also see why the Levites were not given an inheritance as promised by God, but ironically were given the tithe of the land. You will also see why Jacob never tithed, and never could have. These answers, and even more, will be discussed in the following information.
The Meaning of Jacob’s Vow
Most people do not read Jacob’s vow in context. When most people read Jacob’s statement, “of all that You give me I will surely give a tenth to You“, they believe that Jacob was willing to give a tithe off everything that he garnished though his lifetime; but this interpretation is not correct. In Genesis 28 Jacob had just woke from a dream wherein God said, “the land on which you lie I will ‘give’ to you and your descendants“. Jacob made a vow to give a tenth from the land that God promised to give him and his decedents. Jacob’s vow was not a general statement that included a tithe from his wealth, or from his occupation, or any gold. It was a promise to give God back 10% of the increase from the land. Strangely, Jacob never received the promised land, so there was never an opportunity for him to tithe. . .Or am i wrong?
Victor Stephens in his article “A Closer Look at Tithing” states, “If tithing was not commanded before the Mosaic Law, then how did tithing become law? As we have just discovered, Jacob vowed to give a tenth of all that he would receive. Since a vow becomes an obligation once it is made, Jacob’s vow to give a tithe became a requirement. A requirement of what? The Promised Land (Canaan). After the death of Jacob and the conquest of Canaan, God held Jacob the nation (Israel) accountable to pay the tithe. Thus, we have the enactment of the law of tithing.”
L. Ray Smith in his article “Tithing is Unscriptural Under the New Covenant” also states, “Jacob concludes his proposition to God, should God meet all of his requirements, by saying that of all the things that God will first give to Jacob, Jacob will give God back a tenth. Now don’t laugh. God honored Jacob’s proposition, and furthermore, God continued to honor this same principle of tithing all through Israel’s history.”
As we all know, the decedents of Jacob eventually received the promised land which provided them an opportunity to fulfill the promise of their father by tithing off of the seed of the land and the fruit of the tree (Lev. 27). Deuteronomy 1:8 states, “See, I have set the land before you; go in and possess the land which the LORD swore to your fathers–to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob–to give to them and their descendants after them.” Psalms 105:7 also states, “The covenant which He made with Abraham, And His oath to Isaac, And confirmed it to Jacob for a statute, To Israel for an everlasting covenant. Saying, “To you I will give the land of Canaan As the allotment of your inheritance,”
I know it might be hard to conceive that a vow given by one man was required from his future generations, but let’s look at how God fulfills his vow to one man. God told Jacob, “the land on which you lie I will give to you and your descendants”. Although it seems that God had promised the land to Jacob directly, we know Jacob never inherited the promised land. So our conclusion is that God’s vow was collective rather than inclusive of Jacob in a direct way. Put simply, God fulfilled his vow to Jacob by giving the land to his children. If we are willing to accept that God fulfilled his promise directly to Jacob by finally giving the land hundreds of years later to his children, then we should be willing to accept that Jacob’s tithing vow could have been fulfilled in a belated matter as well.
It is not contradictory or unorthodox to pass Jacob’s vow down to his children since it would not be the first time where a token was made and required to be observed by the following generations. Let’s read Genesis 17:10-13, “This [is] My covenant which you shall keep, between Me and you and your descendants after you: Every male child among you shall be circumcised; and you shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskins, and it shall be a sign of the covenant between Me and you. He who is eight days old among you shall be circumcised, every male child in your generations, he who is born in your house or bought with money from any foreigner who is not your descendant. He who is born in your house and he who is bought with your money must be circumcised, and My covenant shall be in your flesh for an everlasting covenant. ”
It is not unique for the generations that follow to inherit a covenant token that initiated with their father. These ‘signs’ are declared throughout much of scripture where God’s covenant promises were commemorated by a token of some sort. Jacob’s vow to tithe was a continual promise because just as circumcision, it was based upon a continual covenant. In a few chapters prior to Jacob’s vow we have an example of Abraham’s tithe, but this was a one time gift. We also know that Abraham’s tithe was not a lifetime or continual requirement because it would not have been an available option for Jacob to offer it as a token in his promise.
Adam Clarke’s Commentary on the passage of Genesis 28 states this, “Jacob seems to make this vow rather for his posterity than for himself, as we may learn from Genesis 28:13-15; for he particularly refers to the promises which God had made to him, which concerned the multiplication of his offspring, and their establishment in that land. If, then, God shall fulfill these promises, he binds his posterity to build God a house, and to devote for the maintenance of his worship the tenth of all their earthly goods. This mode of interpretation removes that appearance of self-interest which almost any other view of the subject presents. Jacob had certainly, long ere this, taken Jehovah for his God; and so thoroughly had he been instructed in the knowledge of Jehovah, that we may rest satisfied no reverses of fortune could have induced him to apostatize: but as his taking refuge with Laban was probably typical of the sojourning of his descendants in Egypt, his persecution, so as to be obliged to depart from Laban, the bad treatment of his posterity by the Egyptians, his rescue from death, preservation on his journey, re-establishment in his own country, &c., were all typical of the exodus of his descendants, their travels in the desert, and establishment in the promised land, where they built a house to God, and where, for the support and maintenance of the pure worship of God, they gave to the priests and Levites the tenth of all their worldly produce. If all this be understood as referring to Jacob only, the Scripture gives us no information how he performed his vow.” (source)
Adam Clarke connects a bunch of dots in his text above. He understands that there is a correlation between Jacob’s vow and the tithing laws that the Israelites were asked to obey. Notice how Clarke even shows how Jacob’s journey mirrors the journey of the Israelites out of Egypt and into the promised land.
Leonard C. Bupanda in his book, “The Tithing Dilemma and the Triumphs of Love” also agrees that Jacob’s vow was trans-generational, “Now, since Jacob failed to deliver on his promise, God made him pay the tithe through his children who had emerged as a nation after his God-given name-Israel. Thus God’s promise to Jacob was fulfilled”
Also, Rabbi Moshe Alshich, renowned as one of the great sermonizers of the Jewish world and a biblical commentator in the 16th century interprets the passage in Jacob’s vow. His works which were translated by, Yitzchak Hirshfeld, Avraham Braud in 2006 in their work titled, “The Book of Mishlei” wrote, “Scripture says, Jacob vowed a vow to say. . .All that you give me I will doubly tithe to You (Genesis 28:20,22). Our sages say (midrash Bereshith Rabbah 70:1) that with these words Jacob was instructing future generations to pledge money to charity in times of distress the word אָמַר, to say, in the clause, Jacob vowed a vow to say, indicates that Jacob had something to say to others, namely, he wanted to teach all his descendants the importance of tithing to charity.” (p.385)
Could this influential 16th century rabbi be wrong?
The Book of Jubilees (an ancient Jewish work written around the 2nd century) states this, “And Levi discharged the priestly office at Bethel before Jacob his father in preference to his ten brothers, and he was a priest there, and Jacob gave his vow: thus he tithed again the tithe to the Lord and sanctified it, and it became holy unto Him. And for this reason it is ordained on the heavenly tables as a law for the tithing again the tithe to eat before the Lord from year to year, in the place where it is chosen that His name should dwell, and to this law there is no limit of days for ever.”
I’m not quoting modern authors, or twisting the interpretation of scripture. The book of Jubilees is a second century manuscript that confirms the generational bind that tithing had on the nation of Israel.
Barry Bandstra, Ph.D., professor of religion at Hop University writes, in his book “Reading the Old Testament” – “Jacob’s obligation in covenant was to return a tithe, or tenth of his wealth, to God. Perhaps this pledge grounded the later Israelite practice of bringing a tithe to the priests at the Bethel sanctuary.”
Bandstra doesn’t dogmatically state a direct correlation between Jacob’s vow at Bethel and the sanctuary at Bethel that was later built and accommodated the tithe.
The next reference to Jacob’s vow is in Genesis 31:11-14 “Then the Angel of God spoke to me in a dream, saying, ‘Jacob.’ And I said, ‘Here I am.’ And He said, ‘Lift your eyes now and see, all the rams which leap on the flocks are streaked, speckled, and gray-spotted; for I have seen all that Laban is doing to you. I am the God of Bethel, where you anointed the pillar and where you made a vow to Me. Now arise, get out of this land, and return to the land of your family.'”
Dr. Norman J. Cohen renowned for his expertise in Torah study and midrash writes in his book, “Hineini in Our Lives“, “The tradition emphasizes that when the angel/God speaks to Jacob in his dream, commanding him to return to the land and fulfill his vow by offering sacrifies at Beth El, the angel/God speaks not only to Jacob but to all future generations.” (p. 50)
Over and over again throughout scripture, we see God pleading with Israel to return to back to God after they have gone astray. They have left the way of their fathers and have wandered in a place that God did not exist.
Language Used in Jacob’s Vow Is later Correlated With Israel’s Call to Tithe
Malachi 3:7-8 For I [am] the LORD, I do not change; Therefore you are not consumed, O sons of Jacob. Yet from the days of your fathers You have gone away from My ordinances And have not kept [them]. ‘Return to Me‘ (shuwb), and I will return to you,” Says the LORD of hosts. “But you said, ‘In what way shall we return (shuwb)?’ “Will a man rob God? Yet you have robbed Me! But you say, ‘In what way have we robbed You?’ In tithes and offerings.
Genesis 31:13 I am the God of Bethel, where you anointed the pillar and where you made a vow to Me. Now arise, get out of this land, and ‘return‘ (shuwb) to the land of your family.
The key word in each of these passages is the Hebrew word ‘shuwb‘ . This word is important because of the conditions in Jacob’s vow we find in Genesis 28:20 states,“If God will be with me, and keep me in this way that I am going, and give me bread to eat and clothing to put on, so that I come back (shuwb) to my father’s house in peace, then the LORD shall be my God.”
Keep that in mind that Jacob stated in his vow that God will keep him safe & fed while you read Amos 4:4-10 “Go to Bethel and sin; go to Gilgal and sin yet more. Bring your sacrifices every morning, your tithes every three years…I gave you empty stomachs in every city and lack of bread in every town, yet you have not returned to me (shuwb)…I also withheld rain from you when the harvest was still three months away…Locusts devoured your fig and olive trees, yet you have not returned to me (shuwb)… I killed your young men with the sword, along with your captured horses. I filled your nostrils with the stench of your camps, yet you have not returned to me (shuwb)
Israel’s safety and well being were all in jeopardy as long as they did not honor God’s request to return back to him. The “return” (shuwb) of Jacob to the promised land was part of his vow and an integral part of his condition to tithe. This is why we see that Israel never tithed when they were outside of the promised land. The tithing vow was no longer binding as long as they did not have possession of the Holy land. This wasn’t because they didn’t have access to the crops or animals; Israel could have still given a tithe of the cattle they had in foreign lands, but because of the conditions of Jacob’s vow they were not required to.
Take note also in Genesis 31 as an angel of God appears to Jacob and reminds him of his vow, and asks him to ‘return’ (shuwb) back to where he made the vow.
The Significance Between a Vow and an Oath
Many of us have taken the assumption that a vow and an oath are the exact same thing in the bible. But upon further research, i have found that they both have opposing implications that affect individuals, groups, and even objects differently.
The bible makes a distinction between a vow and oath in a few passages. Here’s one for example in Numbers 30:2, “When a man makes a vow to the LORD or takes an oath to obligate himself by a pledge, he must not break his word but must do everything he said.” The scripture didn’t just hiccup and mention the same thing twice. A vow and an oath are separate ways to make an obligation to God.
The very first time the word ‘vow’ is mentioned in scripture is found in the passage of Jacob’s vow to God in Genesis 28:20, “Then Jacob made a vow, saying, “If God will be with me and will watch over me on this journey I am taking and will give me food to eat and clothes to wear”. The Hebrew word for this is – (נֶדֶר) “neder”.
The very first time the word ‘oath’ is mentioned in scripture is found in the of the oath between Abraham and his servant in search of Isaac’s wife in Genesis 24:8, “If the woman is unwilling to come back with you, then you will be released from this oath of mine. Only do not take my son back there.” The Hebrew word for oath is (שבע) “shĕbuw`ah” or “shevua”.
The simplest explanation i have come across explaining the difference between a neder and a shevua is found in a book titled, “Management Ethics and Talmudic Dialectics” by Nathan Lee Kaplan. It states, “A Neder applies to an object, a Shevu’a [oath] applies to a person”. Although that may seem vague at the moment, i will explain the difference.
We may understand the implications of this a little better if i use the word ‘consecrated’ to describe neder (vow). We understand that consecrate means we have set apart something and/or made it holy. There are many objects in the bible that are consecrated in the Old and New Testament. In the Old Testament, the ark of the covenant was consecrated, and for the New Testament, the Lord’s Supper is consecrated.
The Aleph Society’s website states this, “The Gemara explains that in a neder, the statement made by the person takes effect on the object ? e.g., when a person takes a vow not to eat a certain food, the food is now forbidden. A shevuah, on the other hand, takes effect on the person, so that now there is a prohibition on the person to eat the food.”
A ‘neder’ applies to all those who have some interest in a specific object and a ‘shevua’ applies only to the individual.
“Yom Kippur: Its Significance Laws and Prayers” by Rabbi Scherman in 1989 says it this way, “The difference between a neder and a shevuah is that a neder alters the status of the object (ie., this apple becomes forbidden to me), while a shevuah alters the status of the person (ie., I am forbidden to enjoy the apple).”
This explains why the tithe was set apart and holy to God. It was consecrated to God by Jacob. As long as the blessings that God promised Jacob existed then the vow would still be in effect. Whereas if Jacob made an oath (shevua) it would have been binding for the duration of Jacob’s existence since his promise applied to a person not an object.
On the Torah to the Tribes website it is further clarified, “Neder: voluntary, always involves the name of YHWH, it can be conditional or unconditional, positive or negative. It can change the status of something from permissible to non permissible (grapes). No one disavows a mans vow, it goes down the generations. To break a Neder is to break Torah.”
An oath (shevua) would not have placed Israel under the obligation to tithe. But because of the implications of a neder, Israel was indebted to the conditions of their father’s vow. The tithe belonged to God since it was consecrated by Jacob. Jacob also consecrated the place where he had the dream and called it Bethel, making it the House of God.
The Conditions of a Vow
The whole chapter of Leviticus 27 addresses the proper way to manage your vows.
Bob Deffinbaugh writes a short outline on Leviticus 27 on bible.org,
- “Vows of people—vv. 1-8
- Vows of animals—vv. 9-13
- Vowed houses—vv. 14-15
- Vowed inheritance (family land) vv. 16-21
- Vowed (non-family) land—vv. 22-25
- Illicit vows—vv. 26-33
- Conclusion—v. 34″
Right at the end of Leviticus in verses 29-33, God discusses how the tithe is to be handled. You not only find that tithing is found in the chapter about vows, but also you see instructions from God treating it as a vow. Vows were somewhat like private contracts between the people and God. The bible states that if a vow was made and you wished to redeem it, that you were to add one-fifth to it (Lev 27:13,15,19,27). The same is true with tithing. Leviticus 27:31 states, “If a man wants at all to redeem [any] of his tithes, he shall add one-fifth to it.” Why would tithing be treated as a vow if it was not a vow? Better question yet – when was tithing ever vowed prior to Leviticus 27?
Garry D. Pifer in his article titled, “Did Jacob Tithe” states this, “There are many more very clear scriptures showing that the promise God had made was not fulfilled until the Israelites crossed over the Jordan and took possession of the land of Canaan. The final and third part of Jacob’s vow, “… and of all that thou shalt give me I will surely give the tenth unto thee” would not have become valid and binding until this time. When we review God’s instructions regarding tithing found in Leviticus 27 it is so clear. He is giving instructions regarding payment of vows in this chapter. He tells them the tenth, the tithe of the land, that Jacob had vowed to give to God was “holy to the Lord.” (Lev. 27:30)”
In Leviticus 27, the word “holy” is stated nine times in reference to the many types of vows made to God not just tithing. If an Israelite were to vow an animal to God, they could not substitute the animal regardless if it were a good or bad one. The animal was holy regardless of its quality. Ironically, the same rule applied to the tithe in vs 32-33 “every tenth animal that passes under the shepherd’s rod—will be holy to the Lord. No one may pick out the good from the bad or make any substitution.” Why would the tenth be so holy if it wasn’t vowed?
This also coincides with our evaluation of vows verses oaths. A vow was consecrated and set apart as holy.
How Jacob’s Vow Explains How the Levites Were Opted Out of Receiving An Inheritance
I’ve had a question that bugged my brain for a while, so i will attempt to address it here. If the nation of Israel was promised an inheritance of land, and yet the Levites were excluded from inheriting this, how can we explain that God did not break his promise? Am I missing something here, or is this a question in your own mind as well?
Since the tithe was vowed to be given from the land Jacob inherited, I believe inheriting the tithe was an ‘indirect’ way for the levites to inherit the land of Israel.
Numbers 18:20-21 states, “Then the LORD said to Aaron: “You shall have no inheritance in their land, nor shall you have any portion among them; I [am] your portion and your inheritance among the children of Israel. “Behold, I have given the children of Levi all the tithes in Israel as an inheritance in return for the work which they perform, the work of the tabernacle of meeting.”
If Jacob was to give God back 10% of what God promised him (the land of Israel), then the tithe of the land would be a perfect way for God to fulfill his promise without giving the Levites a direct inheritance of the land. I hope this makes sense, otherwise the question would still linger (at least in my mind) on how God fulfilled his promise to the Levites without actually giving them any land inheritance.
Review of the Major Points
Here is a quick reference as to why Jacob’s tithing vow was binding to the nation of Israel
- The tithing vow did not include any gold, income or goods that Jacob earned, only the gifts that God promised in Jacob’s dream
- The Hebrew word -‘neder’ (vow) makes it an everlasting binding promise.
- Jacob’s vow wasn’t the only example we have that was binding on future generations
- The tithe was consecrated just like other holy objects that were observed by the Israelite nation
- The conditions of performing & honoring a vow are exactly the conditions of performing and honoring the tithe in Lev 27
- The bible never records Jacob fulfilling his vow, so someone was responsible for it
- Israel’s call to tithe and return to God is correlated with Jacob’s vow
I hope many of you have found this article informative whether or not you agree with what was said. Although i had put in a good amount of time into researching and writing for this article, i am not one of those people who will take my beliefs in this article to the grave. I am pretty open minded, so if you have some input, i am willing to hear what you have to say.
A Powerful Argument Against Tithing
Many people are quick to use Abraham’s example of tithing prior to the law as a model for new testament giving under grace. At some degree i can understand an argument like this, but if we also take Abraham’s example prior to the Mosaic law, then to be unbiased, we must accept Jacob’s principles of giving as well.
If our evaluation of scripture should be consistent, shouldn’t Jacob’s example of tithing be incorporated into the model of new testament giving as well? Instead we look at how much Jacob was willing to give, and overlook what it was to be given from.
Tearing Down the Tithing Defense
After studying the vow of Jacob and its effect on the law of tithing and Israel, i was able to get an even deeper grasp of why tithing is not commanded for the New Testament Church. I know tithing had begun with Abraham and that’s where the tithing debate begins, but debating whether or not Abraham’s tithe is required for the Church does not answer if Jacob’s tithe is required of us. After defining Jacob’s tithing vow I list five arguments made clear from this article that refute the practice of tithing in the New Covenant.
- Tithing was initiated from a personal vow in response to God’s covenant with Israel not the New Covenant with the Church
- The tithe was to be taken from the increase of the land of Israel, and from nowhere else
- Jacob offered to give God a tenth of the gifts God promised in his dream, not from income or precious metals
- Jacob’s vow was voluntary and accepted by God proving that tithing was not a requirement prior to the law.
- If tithing is required because it was 400 years prior to the Mosaic law, then points 1-4 are just as relevant since they were established at the same time | <urn:uuid:347427d4-55c0-4f99-a19a-61bf8ad42c93> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.tithing.com/blog/jacobs-tithing-vow/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00522-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973414 | 6,388 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Over Yom Tov, I was discussing this Medrash (9:9) with family and friends.
In one of the saddest episodes in the Torah (at least the way I read it), Moshe is pleading at the end of Haazinu to enter his beloved Land of Israel. Hashem appears implacable, despite the notion of צדיק גוזר והקב’’ה מקיים, that Hashem “listens” to Tzadikim. In an almost “teasing” twist, Hashem asks Moshe to go up and have a good look at the Land. On the one hand, it’s an expression of “this is as close as you will get”. On the other hand, psychologically, it must have made Moshe pine even more. He was so very desperate to enter the beloved promised Holy land.
The Medrash then relates that Moshe tried a clever “Talmudic” twist. He suggested to Hashem that as the Leader, the Manhig, of B’nei Yisrael, there was a decree that he could not enter the Land. Would it be acceptable to Hashem then, if Moshe decided to become an “ordinary citizen”, a veritable Talmid of the new Manhig, Yehoshua, and in that way, he could enter the land. Hashem responded that this would be okay! However, he’d need to assume the role of a Talmid. Moshe readily agreed. Standing on the left hand side of Yehoshua, like a Talmid behind his Rebbe, Moshe followed Yehoshua until Yehoshua had an interchange with the Shechina/Hashem. Moshe stood at the distance while Yehoshua spoke with Hashem. When Yehoshua had completed his “discussion” Moshe asked him what the discussion was all about. Yehoshua promptly responded that when he (Yehoshua) was the Talmid and Moshe was the Manhig/Leader, he had never been privy nor asked about the private interchanges between Moshe and the Shechina. What business/right did Moshe now have (as an ordinary Talmid) to become privy to the Godly meetings between Yehoshua and Hashem!
Moshe could not cope with this new reality, and abandoned the idea of demoting himself to being a Talmid, and as we know, Moshe passed away and was buried in an unknown location.
Tradition has it that the Tzadikim/Manhigim in each generation carry a kernel of Moshe’s Neshama into each generation, and this somewhat imbues their leadership status. Could you imagine a Rebbe who realised that his life would soon end, assign the role of Rebbe to his living son (or prime Talmid?). I am not sure if this mode of succession planning has ever taken place? Yet, Moshe, the greatest ever Prophet and Leader (who never aspired to leadership in the first place) was happy in theory for a succession plan, while he was still alive, just so that he could enter the Holy Land.
What can we derive from this?
- The desire to experience life in the Holy Land, was more important to Moshe than being the leader of the Jewish people!
- Moshe, once exposed to a high level of Godliness, could never assume a level of ordinary Dveykus with Hashem at the lower level of an ordinary Jew/Talmid (this point was made to me by an anonymous Rebbetzin)
- Perhaps there is some merit in the concept of succession planning after all, even when so-called Leaders are still alive, but at the end of their physical tenure?
- A true leader doesn’t consider his leadership mantle as his most prized possession
- There ought to be no Yerushah (inheritance) when one Leader passes away, and a son automatically becomes the new Leader. After all, Yehoshua was a Talmid. Moshe’s sons weren’t seemingly up for the job. | <urn:uuid:9259b5a6-10fd-4dd7-8feb-a2e641f3c3bf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pitputim.me/tag/leadership/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.976991 | 898 | 1.890625 | 2 |
See why child welfare agencies want to boycott the horror film "Orphan" and take a look at our list of must-reads that will have you chatting at the lunch counter, over IM or wherever it is that people actually talk these days.
- A number of adoption agencies have called for boycotts of the upcoming horror flick "Orphan" because they feel it will deter couples from adopting. But the concept has no scientific or psychological basis, according to one expert. Though media can provoke copycat behavior, the "evil child" genre has saturated the media environment is not a new one and its effects on society would be already apparent.
- The Anglican church in England is offering couples a combination wedding and baptism. WIth an increasing number of kids born out of wedlock, the church designed a "hatch and match" marriage where couples wed then can have their kids baptized after the ceremony. The goal of the service is to urge parents to create church ties and become more reverent in the way they live, officials said.
- On the heels of the 40th anniversary of the moon landing, space travel enthusiasts have turned their attention to the next frontier: a manned mission to Mars. It would take a crew about 180 days to get to the red planet and would require either a nuclear thermal rocket or a chemical engine.
- A number of unsung heroes are responsible for keeping the Internets running, according to a Harvard cyberlaw expert. When Pakistan took YouTube offline, a group of citizens worked together to restore service. The professor likened these cyber protectors to superheros responding to a Bat signal. It's those social structures and those who curate them that keep the web healthy, he said. | <urn:uuid:93254d65-68c1-488d-8aef-e042698c33e7> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/archive/NATL-Counter-Intelligence-0723.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988717963.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183837-00374-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950053 | 348 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Whether preparing for your first audit as a small-business owner or just refreshing what you need to do for this year's audit, knowing the procedures that audit will use to render an opinion on the financial statements can be useful. By knowing how the auditor will carry out testing, you can make sure you have the documentation that is needed ready ahead of time. This saves the auditor time and you money.
Tests of Details
Auditors commonly use tests of details to examine account balances. These tests require auditors to examine a listing of the transactions that make up an account balance and select transactions for testing. Once a transaction is selected, the auditor will ask the client for supporting documentation for the transaction. If supporting documentation is available for all of the transactions selected, then the auditor concludes that the account is stated fairly. As a small-business owner, it is in your best interest to do your part to ensure that this process goes smoothly. To do so, it is important to keep accurate and organized records of all transactions. That way, no matter what transaction is selected, you can ensure the documentation will be available.
Analytic procedures are used to test an account balance by developing an expectation of what the account balance should be and comparing the expectation to the actual account balance. The auditor will develop the expectation independently, but small business owners can help by making sure the auditor is aware of any changes in the business or unusual transactions that could affect the account balance.
Tie out is the process of matching the figures on the company's financial statements to the work papers where the auditor has tested the account balances. It is important to remember that this doesn't just include the numbers on the face of the financial statements, but also includes any figures included in the footnotes to the financial statements as well. Many companies provide a set of financial statements with supporting documentation for this purpose in a cross-referenced binder. This can help save the auditor time, which saves the company money.
For small businesses that are having an internal control audit, auditors will be performing testing on the design, implementation and operating effectiveness of internal control. Especially in the first year, this can be a time-consuming process. The auditor will ask for extensive documentation on the way that business is conducted at the company and how transactions flow through the accounting system. Once transactions cycles are identified, the company will perform tests of the key controls in each transaction cycle. | <urn:uuid:3e5b3f6a-9127-435c-bf11-7f50e266e522> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/types-audit-procedures-2635.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00016-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932036 | 491 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Carly Namdar - Young Pioneers Award Recipient 2020
Carly Namdar is the Director of Middle School Guidance at Hebrew Academy of Long Beach (HALB). Carly has been involved in the Jewish educational community in the US and in her hometown of Melbourne, Australia for the last fifteen years. Carly was a Dean’s Scholar at the University of Melbourne, Australia, where she completed a BA in Psychology and Judaic Studies, and then a Master’s in School Psychology at Touro College, after moving to New York. Carly is currently completing her doctoral studies in Jewish Educational Leadership and Innovation at Yeshiva University, as a means to combine her passion for Jewish education and psychology, and promote holistic wellbeing throughout school communities. Carly is a proud alumna of the UJA Graduate Fellowship Program, and a Hidden Sparks Learning Coach. In the summer, Carly is a psychologist in OHEL's Camp Kaylie, an inclusive camp experience for campers of all abilities, and provides training to staff and social-emotional support to campers.
Carly has extensive experience teaching life-skills classes, delivering and coordinating social-emotional learning and informal educational programming, and implementing counseling and interventions to address students’ social, emotional and academic needs. Carly has recently engaged in a multi-level collaboration with mental health support-based communal institution OHEL Children’s Home and Family Services, on an initiative to address the significant increase in anxiety among today’s children and adults, as HALB Middle School has become the pilot school for OHEL’s Anxiety Prevention program. Recognizing that middle school is a time when many students are vulnerable to developing anxiety, establishing a communal partnership has provided greater access to mental health education and support for students and faculty, particularly by teaching students a wellness and resiliency-based curriculum as they transition to the Middle School.
Carly is bridging the work of positive psychology and Jewish education to introduce students and faculty to ideas related to cultivating character strengths, building resilience and breaking down stigma associated with mental health. Carly is committed to nurturing a school environment that promotes empathy, concern for others, social cohesion and support for all kinds of learners. By working together with students and faculty in a collaborative manner, creating student-centered programming and increasing education and awareness of students’ strengths and coping abilities, Carly is working towards fostering students’ self-awareness, self-advocacy and building skills to navigate their ever-changing world.
From the Recipient:
"I am truly grateful, honored and humbled to be receiving the Jewish Education Project’s Robert M. Sherman Young Pioneers Award. This is empowering for the field of mental health, and speaks to the increasing need to enhance learning experiences related to social-emotional wellness, student strengths and supports within our schools. I feel blessed to be able to contribute to this important work, and inspired to continue to promote thriving and flourishing within the Jewish educational community.”
Reflections from Colleagues:
“We are so proud that Carly Namdar, our Director of Middle School Guidance here at HALB, was selected as the recipient of the prestigious Robert M. Sherman Young Pioneers Award of the Jewish Education Project for 2020. Carly is well deserving of this honor, and we are so grateful to her for all she has accomplished. This award means so much to us as an institution. It symbolizes our ongoing commitment to ensuring that each and every student at HALB is educated upon a foundation that recognizes the importance of positive psychology and overall well being. It has become clear to all modern day parents and educators that this is the issue of our day when it comes to raising healthy, flourishing children, and HALB is proud to be taking a proactive, 21st century approach.” Rabbi Adam Englander, Head of School, Hebrew Academy of Long Beach | <urn:uuid:280b029f-7e34-40f6-b4d5-fd3e4c6fd66e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jewishedproject.org/stories/carly-namdar-young-pioneers-award-recipient-2020 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.958457 | 789 | 1.710938 | 2 |
A dangerous 'mustard seed'?
This article is not an attempt to create controversy or challenge medical research. Rather, its objective is to promote dialogue about the marketing of circumcision as a preventative measure against HIV infection in men.
“Circumcision offers a lifetime of benefits, including better hygiene, reduced risk of sexually transmitted infections and HIV,” says the KwaZulu-Natal department of health. But I am sceptical.
My interest in this topic was sparked by seeing the highly praised and much-promoted advertisements for male circumcision on billboards, TV and radio. I am not a medical researcher or expert; I am a citizen who is curious – and concerned. Perhaps more dialogue on this topic could help promote social engagement and possibly also produce some helpful knowledge.
My concern is based on how strongly male circumcision has recently been promoted in South Africa as the way to decrease HIV infection in men. What impact might it have on the nation? This is a matter of concern if we take into consideration the fact that the promotion of circumcision is based on seemingly nonspecific and noncontextual social research by the World Health Organisation that has been challenged and is still being criticised by medical researchers.
Does any man remember being tested for HIV and also being checked to see whether he is circumcised? Was there ever a time that researchers went to traditional initiation schools to do collaborative research on this matter?
This marketing of male circumcision, which seems to be financed at least in part by the government, is today’s fashionable intervention against HIV and Aids. It has pushed other means of prevention, such as abstinence and the use of condoms, into the background.
Admittedly, the promoters of circumcision don’t say that it prevents HIV infection entirely; they say that it “prevents and helps minimise the chances of contracting HIV”. But, to a not-so-well-versed majority of South African males who prefer “skin-on-skin”, it will mean the same thing.
This is worrying: the idea of there being less of a chance of infection if one is circumcised could be like a “mustard seed” that is planted in the minds of black men. This, in turn, will make abstinence and protection by using condoms look like a thing of the past. Indeed, it seems that at the moment there are increasing bookings by men into clinics and hospitals to get “snipped” – while full condom containers now appear to be collecting dust.
That even Zulus are in this convoy is an impressive feat, given that, historically, King Shaka Zulu banned circumcision as an initiation ritual.
The promotion of circumcision could be directly or indirectly promoting more unprotected sex because it is claimed to reduce risk. Perhaps this is not being done intentionally but, if it is, then it is manslaughter.
Tlou H Marokane is a scholar with interests in artistic, sociopolitical, psychological and philosophical matters | <urn:uuid:8f664cfa-815b-4b45-979e-023ca257fd41> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://mg.co.za/article/2015-06-04-a-dangerous-mustard-seed | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00010-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961706 | 609 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Justice and Community Wellness
We foster thriving communities through systemic justice reform, community programs and public health interventions.
Our grants are informed by the voices and leadership of marginalized communities and those impacted by the criminal legal system. We look for bold ideas and solutions that reduce violence and promote healing. Through justice reform and innovations in public health, we pursue a future in which all people and communities are healthy, safe and free to achieve their full potential.
- System reform aimed at ending mass incarceration and mass criminalization, especially for young people
- Programs that affirm the humanity, dignity, health and legal rights of incarcerated people
- Opportunities and resources for individuals and communities caught up in the criminal legal system
- Fellowships and mentorship opportunities for the public health leaders of tomorrow | <urn:uuid:bfc42a29-99f7-42e7-ab8a-a4ba32f853dc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.towfoundation.org/impact-areas/justice-and-community-wellness/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.942568 | 157 | 1.921875 | 2 |
ERIC Number: ED431136
Record Type: RIE
Publication Date: 1999-Mar
Reference Count: N/A
The 1999 Agenda and Personnel Directory for the National Center for Research in Vocational Education.
National Center for Research in Vocational Education, Berkeley, CA.
Section 1 of this publication begins with the 1999 National Center for Research in Vocational Education (NCRVE) agenda, mission statement, and an overview of the 1999 Program of Work. Descriptions of research and development activities within three sets of activities follow. Each description includes project directors and keywords. The first activity set, Mission, Standards, and Accountability for Vocational Education (VE), includes the following projects: returns to emerging educational pathways in a changed economy; changing admission procedures in four-year colleges to support K-12 reform; enabling high schools to assess schoolwide results of reform; and increasing the contribution of vocational education to student achievement: support to states. The second activity set, Teaching and Learning in VE, includes these projects: who participates in new vocational programs; redesigning education of instructional staff for high schools and community colleges; who's teaching, and who will teach, vocational education; the community college and beyond: how tech prep/school-to-work affects students; professional development in academic-occupational integration for community college instructors; and ongoing research and development activities. Projects in the third activity set, Dissemination and Training, are as follows: the dissemination program; the community college cooperative; improving career guidance programs through professional development; and technical assistance to High Schools That Work and the Southern Regional Education Board. Section 2 is a directory of NCRVE staff, which includes three subsections: headquarters personnel, site personnel, and project/program personnel. The last subsection is organized numerically by project. (YLB)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Accountability, Adult Education, Career Guidance, College Admission, Cooperative Programs, Education Work Relationship, Educational Change, Educational Development, Educational Research, Guidance Programs, Higher Education, Participant Characteristics, Postsecondary Education, Professional Development, Program Evaluation, Program Improvement, Role of Education, Secondary Education, Staff Development, Standards, Teacher Supply and Demand, Tech Prep, Technical Assistance, Two Year Colleges, Vocational Education, Vocational Education Teachers
NCRVE Materials Distribution Service, 46 Horrabin Hall, Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL 61455; Tel: 800-637-7652 (Toll Free); Web site: http://ncrve.berkeley.edu/ ($5.50)
Publication Type: Reports - Descriptive
Education Level: N/A
Sponsor: Office of Vocational and Adult Education (ED), Washington, DC.
Authoring Institution: National Center for Research in Vocational Education, Berkeley, CA. | <urn:uuid:a071fcfc-f728-46a1-b83d-37b2f1f56991> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED431136 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00031-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.89964 | 579 | 1.773438 | 2 |
GOUTAM ROY, NOTAN CHANDRA DUTTA and SAMIR RANJAN NATH wrote about differential performance in BRAC Schools
Abstract: Differential learning achievement of the graduates of three types of BRAC schools viz., BRAC primary school, BRAC community school and BRAC formal school came out through a recent study with some hypothetical explanation of the reasons behind such difference. This study aims to fill this gap through an in-depth and qualitative exploration. Observation, in-depth interview and focus group discussion were the techniques applied using various checklists. Although the aim and objectives of all three types of schools were similar to those of the national level, the formal school students had better home background, qualified teachers, longer contact hour, use of full range of government prepared textbooks, and other enabling conditions in the schools, thus they had better performance compared to the other two types of school. In terms of value addition, the BPS model has contributed more than others with their limited wealth.
Quality of education is a major concern in any education provision. The analysts of quality of education proposed various frameworks in order to understand it. Each framework incorporates a number of indicators or factors those collectively help understanding of quality of education (UNESCO 2005, Mayer et al 2000, Chowdhury et al 1997, Nath 2006). The place of learning achievement of the students is a significant one in all of them. However, process of educational attainment has never been forgotten in formulating the frameworks.
In Bangladesh, we are concerned about quality of education. Our experience, at the national level shows that we could not do much in the area of quality of education as much as we could do in increasing school participation of the children or achieving gender parity in participation (Chowdhury et al 2002, Nath and Chowdhury 2001). Competency-based education provision has been introduced in Bangladesh as part of the struggle for quality education. It is expected that the students would be able to achieve the full range of competencies (50 in number) throughout their education in primary schools. (NCTB and UNICEF 1988)
BRAC is a significant provider of primary education in the country. About 6-7% of the primary school students enrolled in BRAC schools (Chowdhury et al 2002). It has three types of schools. These are BRAC primary school (BPS), BRAC community schools (BCS), and BRAC formal primary schools (BFPS). According to size of the programme, BPS is the largest one followed by respectively BCS and BFPS. BPS provides education through non-formal fashion and the other two follows formal way. A brief description of these schools is provided in Box 1. It shows that the provisions are not similar; they differ in many ways of operation. They are similar in their aim – to provide quality education in line of the aims and objectives of primary education in the country.
Like any other school programme, students’ learning achievement is the major concern in BRAC education programme. The current phase of BRAC education programme also emphasised on this along with more studies and research on various quality issues. In line with this, a review exercise of the existing studies was done, research-gaps identified and a fresh research plan developed (Nath 2006, BEP and RED 2006).
Competency-based learning achievement test of BRAC school graduates is carried out each year at the end of the primary cycle. This test was developed by the Education Watch group in Bangladesh in 2000 to have a national status in this regard. Not all the three types of BRAC schools are brought under the assessment process. It is mainly concentrated only among the graduates of BPS. An exceptional situation occurred in 2004, where the graduates of three types of BRAC schools were brought under the assessment (Nath et al 2005). In this study, for the first time, we saw that the students of all three types of BRAC schools did not achieve the primary competencies equally. The BRAC formal primary schools were at the top of the score card, the community schools at the middle and the BRAC primary schools at the bottom. The average performance of the later two types was close to each other, which had a distance with the first type. Some of the findings of this study are as follows.
• Of the 27 competencies tested, the graduates of BFPS on average achieved 21.2 competencies, community schools 19.2 and BRAC primary schools 18.9.
• Of the six areas (subjects) under the test, BFPS did best in most of them, community schools in mathematics and BPS in social studies in some measures.
• Gender difference was higher in BPS than that of others.
• Disabled students did less well than their peers.
|Box 1. A brief description of three types of BRAC schools|
BRAC primary school (BPS): These are single teacher school with one classroom popularly known as NFPE (non-formal primary education). A cohort of 33 students completes a full cycle of primary education of five academic years within four calendar years. BRAC prepared textbooks are used in the first three grades and NCTB prepared textbooks for the rest two years. Schools are arranged in rented houses. Education is totally free in these schools. BRAC provides free textbooks and stationeries to the students, monthly remuneration to the teachers and rent of schoolhouses. A total of 7,343 groups of students completed primary education from these schools in December 2004, 7,026 in rural areas.
BRAC community school (BCS): With financial assistance of the government the communities established these schools. In 1998, identifying them as non-functioning 44 such schools were handed over to BRAC. NCTB prepared textbooks are used in these schools and the students complete the full cycle of primary education within five calendar years. Each school has 4-5 teachers – salary paid by BRAC. These are mostly two-shift schools with three classrooms each. The average class size is below 40.
BRAC formal primary school (PFPS): These are non-registered primary schools established by BRAC. The schools are established in permanent structure. Each school has five classrooms and five teachers. The students use NCTB produced textbooks for five calendar years to complete the full cycle of primary education. BRAC provides teachers salary. The boys are to pay some money for educational materials but the girls don’t. Number of schools of this type is only 11. The class size is 40 in these schools.
It is to be noted that the non-formal schools are temporarily established. After completion of a cycle if adequate number of out of school children (at least 30) is not available in the school location, the school is moved to a new area, which is generally a remote location. This means that the programme is entering in the remote areas over time. On the other hand, the other two types of schools are established in permanent locations. Management and supervision of the schools are also designed according to their nature. Again, the class size of the permanent schools is higher than the temporarily established schools. As the number of teachers is more than one in these schools, the teachers can share and cooperate with each other as and when necessary, which is not the case in the one teacher non-formal schools. In order to complete the full cycle of primary education the non-formal schools take four calendar years, whereas it is five years in other two cases.
The above study although tried to explain the reasons behind differential performance of the students from the perspective of differential modes of operandi of the provisions, it lacked in-depth exploration through observations and interviewing at the ground. Thus, the present study attempts to explore the causes behind differential performance of the graduates of three types of BRAC schools.
The study was qualitative in nature. The 32 thousand BPS was spread all over the country, but the number of schools like community and formal were only 44 and 11 respectively. Attempt was taken to find out areas where all three types of schools were there. There were no areas where community and formal schools exist together. However, we found four regions where all three types of schools existed; two of which were randomly selected. Thus, the study was concentrated on six schools, two from each type.
Eight groups of respondents with variety of experiences were selected from the central management to the field level. They include the head office level managers of the school programmes, regional managers, area managers, programme organisers, teachers, students, parents and common villagers. Besides, classroom teaching of the students of class V and refreshers training classes of the teachers were observed. A total of 113 informants (38 from BPS, 40 from BCS and 35 from BFPS) were brought under investigation, and six classrooms and two refreshers training were observed.
Three techniques viz., in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and non-participant observations were utilised to collect information. Separate checklists were used for different groups of respondents. More than one technique was used for a number of sources. This helped in cross checking of information and ensured authenticity. The researchers themselves collected all information; no assistant was considered. The fieldwork was done in June 2006.
Strength of this study lies in collection of data by the researchers. For the first time we explored the reasons behind differential performance of the pupils. As the study was qualitative in nature it was not possible to consider a large sample. Thus, the study has some limitations regarding generalization of findings. However, the researchers tried their best to crosscheck all information before reporting.
Information collected through our discussions and interviews with various stakeholders and observation of few issues helped us in understanding the causes behind differential performance of the students of three types of BRAC schools. We have categorised our findings according to certain key themes that has been argued to affect student performance in the literature.
Pupils’ differential economic condition: National scale studies often shows positive links between households’ economic strength and pupils learning achievement (Nath and Chowdhury 2001, Ahmed et al 2003). But a recent study on BRAC BPS did not show such relationship (Nath et al 2006). This is an interesting finding. However, we lack similar data to examine the trend in relationship over time. Qualitative investigation with various stakeholders, especially with the regional and area managers of BRAC education programme expressed similar opinion to that of the findings of the national scale studies. According to them, the pupils of well-off families were free from any household work. They were able to give more time and concentration to their study. On the other hand, poorer students needed to help their parents at home.
In respect to the specific question related to economic status of the students of three types of BRAC schools the area managers and the programme organisers mentioned that the students of BPS came from relatively poorer families compared to their counterparts in other two types of schools. The BPS students often helped their parents in household works. Some of the teachers said that due to their involvement at home some students sometimes remained absent from classes. They also added that some parents came to school at the mid of the school hour and took their children home or field for work. When the issue was discussed with the POs and the teachers of the community schools they said that their situation was not that much worse like as BPS. The economic condition of the parents of the community schools was slightly better than that of BPS. Children from both poor and middle class families enrolled in the community schools. On the other hand, most of the students of BFPS came from middle class families. The parents and the students of various types of schools echoed similar views when the issue was discussed with them in groups. The researchers visited some of the houses of the students of these schools and found no difference with the above opinions.
Let us remember what two of our students from two different types of schools said about economic condition of their households and their involvement in work.
Our teacher often provides us with home tasks, which I can not do always because my mother wants me to help her. If I fail to do home tasks, my teacher becomes angry and punishes me. – A student of class V in a BRAC Primary School
Sometimes I wanted to do work at home. This is not only to help my parents but also for a change. But my mother does not allow me to help her. She thought if I involve in work it may be harmful for my study. I do not get any chance to do household work. – A student of class V in a BRAC Community School
According to various stakeholders of BRAC education programme, students of the three types of BRAC schools were not homogeneous in respect to their households’ economic strength. They also felt that there is a positive link between economic strength of the households and learning achievement of the students. Thus, the conclusion is that better economic status of the students of BFPS helped them in various ways in achieving more competencies in the test.
Teachers’ and their recruitment process: The head office (HO) level management of various types of BRAC schools claimed that teacher recruitment process as well as the quality of the teachers was mostly similar all over the country. It might vary sometimes in respect to area or school if adequate number of qualified teacher was not available. They strongly mentioned that no discrimination was done in teacher recruitment in respect to type of school. Such claim was not supported by the regional managers and the programme organisers. It was known that relatively better persons (in respect to educational qualification and smartness) were selected to teach in the formal and community schools compared to BPS. In principle, there is no difference in terms of qualification level or the remuneration package of the teachers of three types of school. An earlier study showed a different scenario in terms of teachers’ quality. It showed that over 52% of the BFPS teachers had completed at least higher secondary education (HSC); this was 31% for the BCS and 13.7% for the BPS teachers. The average years of schooling was also varied by school type. It was 10 years for BPS, 10.7 years for BCS and 11.6 years for BFPS (Nath et al. 2005). Remuneration package was found similar in all three types of schools.
The respective regional manager, area manager and the programme organiser all had to be present during recruitment of teachers for community and formal schools, but it was not mandatory for the regional managers to be present in recruitment of the teachers for BPS. Some of the programme organisers opined that they did not always get qualified teachers as they wanted for the BRAC primary schools. Where there were community or formal schools along with BPS in an area, qualified persons were found interested in formal or community schools, not in the BPSs. Working in a permanent school was more prestigious than working in a temporary set up to some of them. Some of the teachers claimed that they did not see any difference in teacher recruitment process in BRAC; however, they opined that there might have variation in quality of teachers by type of school.
Location of the schools was another factor for differential educational qualification of the teachers. BRAC formal and community schools were located in better places than that of the BRAC primary schools. The BRAC primary schools were mostly located in the remote areas where scarcity of qualified teacher was a reality. The respondents in the in-depth interviews and focus group discussions opined that educationally qualified teachers are required to have quality education. According to three of the four AMs, the relationship between teachers’ educational qualification and students learning achievement is always positive. On the other hand, one of the area managers mentioned in an in-depth interview that “In general, teachers’ educational qualification is a factor for students’ academic performance, but it is not always true. Teaching and learning are two different issues. A good learner might not be a good teacher or vice versa.” One of the teachers of a formal school said, “Educational qualification of teachers’ is important for quality education, but we can not ignore classroom experiences of teachers for effective teaching.” The area managers also said that there was scarcity of qualified teachers in all three types of BRAC schools, but the degree of scarcity was not equal in all the cases. It was serious in BPS, less serious in BCS and least serious in BFPS.
There was only one teacher in each BRAC primary school, but 4-5 teachers in other two types of schools. The programme organiser met a teacher of BPS once a week or sometimes once a fortnight. Thus, the teachers of BPS were unable to discuss their difficulties on time; they had to wait till the PO comes. On the other hand, the teachers in other two types of schools discussed such issues among themselves as and when necessary. We have visited a formal primary school where there were five teachers – one of them had Bachelor degree and the others with higher secondary certificate. The former one, who was junior in age compared to others, often helped her colleagues as per their need. One day we saw that she was solving some problems through discussing with two other colleagues. When we discussed the issue with the other teachers they also said that due to more number of teachers in the school they can help each other without waiting for the programme organiser. They did not hesitate to take help from their junior colleagues. Such a collegial atmosphere is really impressive and appreciable.
One area manager was not ready to take the connotation that the teachers’ educational qualification was the only factor in better learning achievement of the students of BRAC formal primary schools. According to her, better teaching depends on a wide range of issues such as teaching aids, delivery system, presentation skills, teachers’ skills and confidence on the contents, and overall environment of school, etc. She added that the BFPSs were somehow in a better position in these contexts. Otherwise, a high school educated PO claimed that it is not necessary to appoint educated persons as teachers. Persons with lower level of education can also be made good teachers through proper training. However, he could not explain the reason of BPS students’ lower performance than others.
Some of the respondents mentioned that it is really difficult for a teacher to teach all the subjects of all grades. If someone has difficulty with a particular subject her students might be affected at this. Such a situation might be tackled if there were more teachers in BPS. They claimed that the community and the formal schools have lesser chance to face such problems.
In conclusion, it can be said that teachers’ educational qualification was responsible for differential performance of the students. A lower qualified person can also be a good teacher if adequate training is provided. Schools with more than one teacher have less chance to face problems like teachers’ inadequate skills and competencies. As the BCS and BFPS were more equipped with qualified, experienced and trained teachers than BPS, the students of these schools did well than those of BPS.
Assessment and examination system: Some area managers and programme organisers pointed out that the assessment and examination systems in BRAC schools were not similar. For instance, there was no annual examination in BPS; everyday classroom assessment and short tests after 2/3 months played major role in students’ assessment in these schools. On the other hand, along with the above, annual examinations were also taken in BRAC community and formal schools. Thus, the students of these schools were supposed to carry all the contents they were taught during the years up to the final examination, which was not the case for the students of BPS. As the duration of test we took was over two hours, the students of BPS, unused to such tests, might have lost concentration and did not do well. This was a time bound test, which again the BPS students were unfamiliar with.
One of the POs of a BRAC formal school and a teacher of BPS raised the issue of different seating arrangement in two systems. According to them, it was really difficult for the BPS students to write for over two hours seating on a mat, which they do not do during usual class time. However, they were used to seat on mat during their class time. They claimed that during RED’s test the students of BPS became bored or felt uneasy after some time, which might reflect in their results. When the issue of seating arrangement was discussed with others they (a RM, an AM, and two POs) did not agree with this argument. Note that the seating provision in BPS and BFPS was similar – on mat, but it was benches in the BCS. This means that seating provision was not a factor for differential performance.
In conclusion, it can be said that due to unfamiliarity with the type of test taken and duration of it, the students of BPS might do less well than others. One argument regarding this can be to pay more attention to the environment within which tests are taken. Alternatively, these students of BPS are supposed to move to the formal secondary schools after completion of primary education in BRAC schools. The formal secondary schools follow the assessment system followed in BFPS and BCS. This means that the BPS students lack some skills regarding assessment procedure. It is more meaningful to introduce the provision of annual exam in BPS along with the current practices.
Teaching learning process: Teaching learning process of any school plays significant role in determining overall learning achievement of its students. In general, it includes teachers’ preparation and use of lesson plan, use of blackboard and other teaching aids in the classrooms, relationship between students and teachers and among students, teachers’ remedial actions for slow learners, overall environment of school, etc. Overall teaching learning provisions of various types of BRAC schools were in general better compared to other schools in the areas. Limited amount of classroom observation did not show much variation in this regard among three types of BRAC schools.
As was seen in the classroom observations and also stated by the programme organisers that giving home tasks to the students was a common practice in BRAC formal schools. This was less prominent in the community schools and the least in BPS. This has a link with the difference in socioeconomic status of the households and educational status of the parents of three groups of students. Poorer as well as less educated patents of BPS were unable to provide support at home regarding preparation of home tasks. It was observed that the teachers of BRAC formal schools checked the tasks of the students very carefully. As home task was a regular activity of the students they rarely missed it and the teachers also gave enough time in correcting the mistakes of the students. Such a practice helped students’ improvement. The community school teachers often gave home tasks but did not give adequate attention to checking the tasks. Not much home tasks were given to the students of BPS. The reason behind this is the presence of more first generation learners in these schools. Some of the students of BPS during FGD with them mentioned that they sometimes failed to do home tasks due to lack of time at home, because they were supposed to help their parents after school hour. The affect of this is that the students of community schools and BPS did not practice their lessons at home as much as their counterparts of BRAC formal schools, which was reflected in their achievement results.
Preparing lesson plan was a must for any teacher in BRAC schools. Of the six classrooms observed only two (one BPS and another formal) were found with lesson plan. The respective POs and the teachers explained that the teachers who did not prepare the lesson plan were very experienced and thus knew how to run a class without such plan. Teachers in BRAC schools knew very well that asking students to write lessons on the blackboards has impact on their confidence building. During classroom observation we saw that except the formal schools others showed their negligence in this. However, the respective POs did not agree with this. As one of them said, “During my supervision, I always found my teachers calling the students to the blackboards for writing.” We did not see any practice of punishment during our visit to the schools or classroom observations. When the issue was discussed with the teachers they said that they never punish their students, but if they could do it some of the weakest students, they might be better than what they are now. On the other hand, some students reported that they were sometimes punished by their teachers. As the students reported, their teachers used stick, scale or hands to beat them.
After school remedial classes for the weak students or the first generation learners was known to be a general norm in any BRAC school. It was surprising to see that no such arrangement was there in the BRAC primary schools under study. On the other hand, the community and the formal schools had remedial classes for the weak students. Teachers of BPS were supposed to check whether their students study in groups in the afternoon or in the evening. The teachers informed that they knew about the benefit of group study but it was not always possible for them to monitor it. The POs said that they sometimes checked it.
Teaching learning provision in the BRAC formal schools was relatively better compared to other two types of schools. In addition, the formal school students study at home due to the demand of their schools. It was again possible because of higher level of parental education and households’ economic strength. Moreover, the limited remedial measures taken for the slow learners of BPS were not adequate for them to perform well.
Textbooks and contact hour: Textbooks and contact hours are two important factors for students’ quality learning. However, these were not similar in all three types of BRAC schools. NCTB (National Curriculum and Textbook Board) prepared textbooks were used in all the five classes of BRAC formal and community schools. On the other hand, full set of BRAC prepared textbooks were used in first three grades of BPS. In grade IV, half of the textbooks were BRAC prepared and half NCTB prepared, and in grade V full set of textbooks were NCTB prepared. The lengths of BRAC prepared textbooks were also shorter than those of NCTB. There is a history behind this. BPSs were introduced for the poorer children of rural areas as second chance of primary education. It was necessary to look at the circumstances where the curriculum would be applied at the time of its development. The following paragraph from Lovell and Fatema (1989) can give us a sense of BPS curriculum.
The initial step in curriculum development was to gather information about the targeted learners, their families, economic conditions, perceptions, levels of cognitive development, psychological and physiological growth. The formal schools in the rural areas, their curriculum, their relation to the community and the reasons they were succeeding or not were carefully studied.……..The overarching objectives of the curriculum are to help the children to achieve basic literacy, numeracy and social awareness.
What ever the case was, the ultimate was the contents that the students of BPS went through during the primary cycle were shorter than that of the students of other two types of schools. Again the area managers, programme organisers and the teachers mentioned that the BRAC prepared textbooks were not only shorter in length than the NCTB textbooks, but easier too. However, they claimed that the national competencies were reflected in both the textbooks. It is to be noted that similar kind of supplementary books were used in all three types of BRAC schools.
The total contact hours in BRAC primary schools are also shorter than that in other two types of schools. The students of BRAC formal and community schools got one year pre-primary and five years primary, totalling six years of education before sitting for the competency test. Like any other formal school, BRAC formal and community schools starts in January and ends in December. On the other hand, there was no scope for the BPS students to get pre-primary education. According to an agreement of BRAC with the government, BRAC pre-primary students would essentially be enrolled in the government and registered primary schools but BRAC formal and community school students get pre primary education at the premises of their schools. Again, five years curriculum is completed in the BPS within four calendar years. Some of these schools got lesser duration than officially set, because of late start. For instance, one of our study schools got 44 months to complete five years primary curriculum.
When the issues were discussed with the area managers, programme organisers and the teachers, they were found concerned about the matters. A teacher of a community school said that the provision of pre-primary was very effective for students’ preparation for primary education. On the other hand, a teacher of BPS said, “I often face difficulty in completing the syllabus with a shorter duration of four years.” The other one added, “The decision of shortening the syllabus comes from our head office. Our authority rearranges the syllabus almost every year cutting some of the contents.” This means that the students of BPS completed their primary education keeping the textbooks incomplete, which might have reflected in their result in competency test. We came to know that the teachers of BPS did not face much difficulty with the BRAC prepared textbooks because these were not too heavy to complete within 9-10 months. Shortcutting exercise mainly occurs for the NCTB prepared textbooks in class IV and V. The teachers of BPS claimed that they were unable to complete the syllabus taking extra classes after official school hour. According to an area manager, extra classes are harmful for the students; they loose concentration when they are asked to continue study after four hours of official school time. The programme organisers and the area managers were found agreeing with the teachers regarding shortening of syllabus and its consecutive affect on students learning.
Before seating for the competency test, the students of BPS got two years less study time compared to their peers in community and formal schools. BRAC primary schools had to shorten their syllabus especially in class IV and V, which was not the case for others. Attempt of the BPSs to overcome this through taking extra classes did not gave any fruitful result, at least to make them equal with the others.
School location, supervision and visit: BRAC formal and community schools were too small in number compared to BPS. All the formal schools were located nearer to the BRAC Training and Resource Centres (BTARC). Other two types of schools were located in any place where the demand for primary education was there. They sometimes faced natural calamity like floods, etc. which disturbed study for few weeks every year. It is to be noted that the formal and the community schools were built in permanent places and the BPSs in temporary places (see Box 1 for elaboration).
The POs responsible to supervise a formal or a community school also look after 5-6 BPS. Thus, they have to move in 6-7 locations to do their job. On the other hand, the POs looking after only BPS take responsibility of 12-13 schools located in such number of places. Thus, the possibility of supervision by the immediate supervisor was more in the formal and community schools compared to BPS. However, we do not know whether the performance BPSs under the former group of POs was better compared to the later group. There were 35 BPSs and one formal school in one area. According to the respective area manager, “It is not possible for me to see all the BPSs even once a month, but I visit the formal school at least once a week. I do it because it is possible.” Frequent transfer of the POs responsible for BPS was another problem, which was not the case for other two types of schools. New POs took some time to be familiar with the situation and thus, did not get adequate time to provide quality supervision as they were transferred to new places soon. Regarding POs frequent transfer the RM and AMs said that generally educationally qualified and smatter POs were given the charge of the BFPS and BCS. It was not necessary to transfer them frequently owing to their good performance. On the other hand, due to dropout of the POs and lack of skills majority of the POs of BRAC education programme were to transfer from one place to another. This ultimate affect of such frequent transfer fell on BPS.
Because of their suitable locations the formal schools attracted various types of visitors (the head office managers, regional managers and the outsiders) more compared to the community schools and BPSs. The trainees of some training courses of the BTARCs also visited these schools as part of their training. The teachers of these schools and the respective POs were also aware of this. This made them serious in work and hence impacted on the students’ performance. The teachers always kept them and their pupils prepared for any visitor. According to a teacher of a formal school, “We always keep our students up to date. If any of them fails to respond correctly to the questions asked by any visitor it’s a grate shame for us.” The respective AM added, “It helps us keeping standard of education.” The PO standing beside nodded his head positively. These schools were more decorative than the other schools. Such a situation can only be compared with the State owned model primary schools in the upazilas.
Private supplementary tutoring: At the national level, incidence of private supplementary tutoring at primary level is increasing over time and it has become a norm (Nath 2006). However, the incidence of this was much lower among BRAC school students compared to the national average. Of the three types of BRAC schools, it was the highest in formal schools, lower in the community schools and least in BPS. This was mainly because of the economic strength of the concerned households. As already mentioned that the students of BPS came from relatively lower economic status and thus their parents were unable to afford private supplementary tutors. These parents were not able to see their students’ education at home due to lack of education of them. A father of a student of a community school mentioned as follows.
I don’t have any separate space for my child to study at home. I was happy to see that the school was taking responsibility of group learning in a nearer house. It went well with much enthusiasm of my daughter. After about three weeks the initiative stopped. I have no other alternative for supplementary tutoring. I am unable to provide private tutor.
A RM, some AMs and POs also agreed about the necessity of private supplementary tutoring for quality education. They also knew that the students of BPS were unable to avail private tutor like as the students of BRAC formal schools. In one BPS we asked all 30 students whether they had any on payment tutorial support after official school hour. None of them had a positive answer. Besides, they added that none of them had electricity facility at home, so they were unable to study in the evening.
Other factors: According to a head office level manager the dropout of the students in BPS was higher than that of the community and formal schools. However, the POs did not agree with this. No information on this was available to BEP MIS. The dropout students were replaced by after six months of starting the schools thus they lack six months lessons. These students ultimately affect lowering the overall performance of BPS. Teacher dropout was also higher in BPS compared to other two types of schools. The new teachers often start taking classes without a basic training. It took some time for both the teachers and the students to be familiar with each other. This also hampered education in BPS.
Some other issues like parental care, class size, girl-boy ratio, electricity facility in school, basic, subject based and refreshers training, marital status of teachers and the POs, gender, etc. were discussed with the AMs, POs and the teacher. No influence of these factors in differential performance was mentioned by them.
The above discussion indicated some factors those were responsible for lower performance of the students of BRAC primary schools. Table 1 summarizes these factors for all three types of schools. Of the 20 factors mentioned 18 affected BPS, seven BCS and two BFPS.
Table 1: Factors which were responsible for lower students’ performance.
|Poor economic condition of the pupils||√||√||x|
|Flexible teacher recruitment process||√||x||x|
|Lower educational qualification of the teachers||√||x||x|
|No final examination based on whole text book||√||x||x|
|Unfamiliar with paper-pencil based examination||√||x||x|
|Uncomfortable sitting arrangement||√||x||√|
|Checking of home-task is not done properly||√||√||x|
|Contents of the textbooks were easier||√||x||x|
|No scope to get help from others at home||√||x||x|
|Few incidence of private supplementary tutor||√||√||x|
|Location of school not suitable||x||√||x|
|Less contact hour for students||√||x||x|
|The whole range of syllabus kept unfinished||√||x||x|
|Supervision and visiting was not much||√||√||x|
|POs did not get scope to work with HO professionals||√||x||x|
|Frequent change of POs||√||x||x|
|Location of schools was far from one to another under a PO||√||x||x|
|Overall environment was not favorable for schooling||√||√||x|
|Teachers had no guidebook for social studies||x||√||√|
Gender difference: Although the boys showed better performance than the girls in all three types of schools, the difference was higher in BPS compared to the others. There were many reasons for it. The first one lies with the system itself. Combining all the primary schools, the national level studies showed that the proportion of girls was mostly equal to that of the boys (Nath et al 2005, Ahmed et al 2005). Thus, an equal proportion of boys and girls were left out for BRAC to recruit in its schools. Again, there was no reason that their average level of cognitive development would be different. However, there must be difference in both the groups (boys and girls) in terms of individual cognitive skills. Thus, when BRAC selected children for BPS there was less choice for the girls than that of the boys to the selected for admission. This is because BRAC schools emphasised on girls’ education. About two thirds of the pupils are girls in the BPSs. From a social value point this is a necessary cost. In order to follow this, BPS is to consider almost all the girls for admission and a section of the boys. The boys with relatively better cognitive skills got priority in admission. As a result, at the entry level a difference between the boys and the girls occurred, which might be continued up to the end of class V or the system could not do anything in equating this. This argument was supported by an RM and some of the POs during interview and focus group discussions. Although the other two types of schools tried to maintain similar sex ratio, in reality 55% of their pupils were girls. There is a chance that quality of boys was already higher than that of the girls at the recruitment stage.
Some of the informants including the teachers and the POs, however, blamed the social norms including the parents. According to them, the parents were not prepared to create enough space for education of their girls as they did for their boys. The POs added from their experiences that the parents involved mostly the girls in work at home but not the boys. According to them, some of the parents think that the education that the girls get in schools is enough for them and they do not need to study at home. They (the girls) should learn some other things (they meant household work) at home. Although the POs claimed that they tried their best to ask the parents to be equal in their treatment to their boys and girls, but it did not work well. Talking with the parents we also found that they emphasised more on boys’ education rather than girls’. One of the mothers said, “Investment in boys’ education is profitable for future security.” It seemed to us that children’s work was necessary for feeding in some of the households.
Disability: Inclusion of students with various abilities in a single classroom was a recent phenomenon. According to BRAC policy each school should have 10% of their students with various abilities. Discussing the issue with various stakeholders of BRAC schools it was known that they were very much aware about inclusive education. They understood the importance of inclusive education for overall development of the society. Some of the respondents mentioned that as the issue was a new one, they probably did not know how to deal with it but they were trying to provide education to all types of students in a classroom. According to an area manager, it was not an easy task for them because the society in general has a norm to exclude the disabled children from various activities including education; and again, the concept was not demonstrated in the majority of the schools. Adding to this, a PO said that there are various types of disabilities; dealing with various types of disabilities was another problem to the teachers. The area manager also said that as she saw the teachers can easily handle the physically disabled students, but faced difficulty with the mentally disabled students.
Some of the programme organisers opined that the families did not try as much for education of the disabled students. They mentioned two barriers for this – lack of awareness and training of the parents. Some of the parents were found happy to see their disabled sons and daughters in the schools with other children, which they never thought would happen. Some of the teachers observed lack of self-confidence of the disabled students, which they believe would increase over time owing to their activities in the schools.
Saying all the above, the teachers and the POs told that as the issue was a new one the disabled students did not do well like as the other students. But they believe that given the right atmosphere the disabled students can perform equally. Intention of the POs was strong enough and encouraging. Our classroom observations suggest that the teachers needed to be more careful to the students of various abilities if they really want to ensure equity in learning achievement. Teachers care include understanding the needs of the disabled pupils, asking the other pupils to behave friendly with them, including them more in classroom process i.e., asking questions, group activities, making group leader, etc.
Subject-to-subject difference: There were six subjects in the achievement test. These are Bangla, English, mathematics, social studies, general science and religious studies. In terms of mean number of items correctly answered, the formal school students did better than others in all the six areas, but the community school students did equally well in mathematics. On the other hand, in terms of achieving all the competencies BPS showed best performance in social studies and the formal schools in all other areas. When the issue was discussed with the teachers, POs and the AMs, no clear response was found from them. However, some of their comments were as follows.
• Teachers of formal schools were in general better than those of other schools, so their students did well in most of the subjects.
• Formal school teachers knew better English than other teachers.
• Formal school students took private supplementary tutoring in English.
• BPS teachers followed social studies guidebook properly.
It was also known that the head office management asked to give emphasis on various subjects at various times. The schools followed the instructions of head office. The instructions were sent based on internal monitoring exercise.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
A study on the students of three types of BRAC schools completing primary education in 2004 showed that the BRAC formal schools with only 11 in number had the best learning achievement of the students followed by BRAC community and BRAC primary schools. The number of community school was also small, only 44 and the BRAC primary schools was huge in number (32,000). Although the aims and objectives of education in all three types of schools were similar to those of the national aims and objectives of primary education, these three types of schools were not created with equal wealth and provision. They bear some major structural and educational variations which led in differential performance of the students. The following paragraphs summarises the reasons behind the difference.
The community and the formal schools were built in permanent structures. The formal schools were built by BRAC nearer to its training centres. Thus, they were well situated in terms of road communications. The community schools were built by the government with help from the communities and later handed over to BRAC. On the other hand, the BRAC primary schools were temporarily made and located in remote rural villages. In terms of economic strength of the households and parental education, the students of BPS were poorer than the others. The students of BRAC formal schools came from relatively better-off households. Many of them had better atmosphere for study at home and private supplementary tutors.
In the formal and community schools five cohort of students took lessons at a time, thus the number of teachers and students were more in these schools compared to BPSs. The BRAC primary schools had one teacher, single classroom and 33 students. The teachers were benefited from each other in former two types of schools, which was not possible in BPSs. The teachers of BPSs had to wait for the respective POs for any consultation, who visit the schools once a fortnight. Educational qualifications of the teachers of formal schools were also better than that of the other two types of schools. Although teacher preparation process was the same for all three types of schools, better educational qualification helped the formal school teachers more to perform well than others.
The formal schools got more supervision than the other schools. Officials from BRAC head office, trainees of various courses from the BTARCs and other visitors often visited these schools. Thus, the formal schools always kept them ready for demonstration. This was not the case for most of the community and BRAC primary schools.
A wide variation of contact hours existed among the schools. The students of community and formal schools got one year pre-primary and five years of primary, totalling six years of education before sitting for the competency test. On the other hand, the students of BPS got only four years for the same. There was no provision of the BPS students to go through the pre-primary course of BRAC due to an understanding between BRAC and the Ministry of Primary and Mass Education. This is an injustice to the students of BPS. Such a wide difference in contact hour (one is one and half time higher than other) can easily create difference in students’ performance.
The BRAC schools did not get similar kind of textbooks. The formal and community schools got the full set of primary textbooks prepared by the National Curriculum and Textbook Board plus BRAC prepared pre-primary and other supplementary books. On the other hand, the students of BRAC primary schools got an abridged version of textbooks in some classes. All the BPS students also received supplementary books but did not get the pre-primary course. Shorter duration of course (four years) did not allow them to complete the full length of textbooks they were given. Thus, the BPS students received fewer amounts of contents than the students of other two types of school, which led to lower performance. However, we do not know how much of the contents each of them could complete during the course of study.
The above summary findings clearly show that a number of favourable conditions that existed in the formal schools of BRAC ultimately created a strong correlation with the better learning achievement of its students. Alternatively, absence of these favourable conditions lowered the performance of BRAC primary schools. Let us now look back at the differences in the performances of the school types. Actually there was no statistically significant difference between average number of competencies achieved by BPS and community schools. On average, the students of later type of school achieved only 0.3 competencies more than those of former type. This means that although the community schools were ahead of BPS in various terms they could not do much better than BPS in achievement test. Again, with all the favourable conditions mentioned above, the students of formal schools achieved only two more competencies than the students of other two types of school. How can this be justified? Equating the support provided to the schools and conditions created with the learning achievement of the pupils it seems that the students of BPS and its teachers could add more value than others with their limited wealth. Here a basic question comes. When the children come to school, to which they actually come – to the school building, to the field, to the bell or to the teacher? The most appropriate answer might be the teacher. An interactive combination of the students and the teachers can create better learning, which probably occurred in the BRAC primary schools. Now the question comes, are we satisfied with this value added performance of the BPS system along with relatively lower performance of the pupils (2% points)? If the answer is yes, we are keeping ourselves happy considering that these rural poor children would lag behind their counterparts even they all belong under broader umbrella of BRAC. If the answer is no, we should think the way of increasing the level of competencies of the students of BPS. What would happen, if four elements of the formal schools, for instance pre-primary course, one more year of primary education, introduction of annual exam and full set of NCTB textbooks could be added to the BPS initiative? An attempt may be taken to test this hypothesis.
In order to test the above hypothesis, active cooperation between the Ministry of Primary and Mass Education and BRAC is needed. BRAC needs to be ready to extend BPS from four years to five years and introduce annual exam. The ministry should provide all textbooks to all students of BRAC primary schools as the government is committed to its free textbook policy at primary level. The ministry should also allow the BRAC pre-primary school students to enrol in BRAC primary schools. A randomised experimental design on a number of schools can give us the most plausible answer.
Alternatively, provision of additional tutoring after official school hour can be introduced in the schools so that the pupils can learn better. Frequent transfer of the POs should be stopped so that they can get enough time to understand the communities well and work with the schools for longer period. Emphasis on understanding the concepts along with the contents should be an important part in monthly refreshers training session.
Ahmed M, Nath SR and Ahmed KS (2003). Literacy in Bangladesh – need for a new vision. Dhaka: Campaign for Primary Education.
BEP and RED (2006). Research plan for BRAC education programme 2006-2009. Dhaka: RED, BRAC.
Chowdhury AMR, Haq MN and Ahmed Z (1997). Quality of primary education in Bangladesh. In Jalaluddin AK and Chowdhury AMR (eds.) Getting started: universalising primary education in Bangladesh. Dhaka: University Press Limited.
Chowdhury AMR, Nath SR, Choudhury RK and Ahmed M (2002). Renewed hope daunting challenges – state of primary education in Bangladesh. Dhaka: Campaign for Primary Education and University Press Limited.
Lovel CH and Fatema K (1989). The BRAC non-formal primary education programme in Bangladesh. Assignment Children. NY: UNICEF.
Mayer DP, Mullens JE, Moore MT and Ralph J (2000). Monitoring school quality: an indicators report. Washington DC: US Department of Education.
Nath SR (2006). Quality of BRAC education programme: a review of existing studies. Research monograph series no. 29. Dhaka: RED, BRAC.
Nath SR and Chowdhury AMR (eds.) (2001). A question of quality – state of primary education in Bangladesh. Vol. II: Achievement of competencies. Dhaka: Campaign for Primary Education and University Press Limited.
Nath SR, Roy G and Hossain A (2006). Factors affecting variations in the achievement of competencies: a case study of BRAC primary schools. Dhaka: RED, BRAC.
NCTB and UNICEF (1988). Sarbahanin Prathamik Sikshyar Patabhumite Prathamik Starer Sikshyacramer Parimarjan O Nbayan [In Bangla] Dhaka: National Curriculum and Textbook Board and UNICEF.
UNESCO (2005). EFA global monitoring report. Paris: UNESCO.
Authors: Goutam Roy, Staff Researcher, Notan Chandra Dutta, Staff Researcher and Samir Ranjan Nath, Research Coordinator, Research and Evaluation Division, BRAC, Bangladesh. Email: [email protected] | <urn:uuid:691f0749-5eee-4e2a-b5d9-ececa5e41733> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bdeduarticle.com/causes-behind-differential-performance-in-various-types-of-brac-schools/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.982435 | 11,029 | 2.34375 | 2 |
What does the post-pandemic working world look like in the laboratory sector?
The arrival of the coronavirus revolutionised office life as we know it. Meetings became virtual, coffee runs became non-existent and hybrid working arrangements took over. It is not an understatement to suggest that the world of work will never be quite the same again.
So that poses the question: what does working life look like post-pandemic? And how do laboratories fit into this vision of the future?
Across all industries we have seen:
• Increased remote working/hybrid working
• Heightened focus on employee wellbeing and work culture
• Increased and more effective use of technology and laboratory systems
• Increased automation
• More open and collaborative publishing
Written by Nicole Hawkins, Lab Innovations.
Across all industries there has been an acceleration and normalisation of practices that were considered uncommon prior to the outbreak. Remote and flexible working, and a fresh focus on employee wellbeing and work-life balance are just a few examples. Covid-19 did not bring these approaches into existence but pushed them to the forefront of discussion (largely out of necessity to continue operations throughout multiple lockdowns). These new arrangements, especially flexible work arrangements, have challenged traditional relationships between employees and employers, impacting the relationship between individuals and their work.
In their research into the resilience of the workforce due to the pandemic, Deloitte noted that work culture is of growing interest in the business world. The promotion of positive work culture is not new, but the pandemic has significantly shifted its importance to the forefront of business discussion. “Numerous studies have shown that an employer brand, the promises it makes and the internal culture that sustains, it has become among the most powerful tools to attract and retain the best talent, as well as heightening the organization’s appeal to customers, shareholders and stakeholders.” Leaders will need to foster trust in their organisations to meet the changing cultural demands of the workforce and unlock the potential to build greater resilience and flexibility for the future.
Remote working was uncommon in the pre-Covid, 9-5 office world, but not unheard of. An analytical study in November 2020 of 800 jobs in 9 countries conducted by the McKinsey Global Institute concluded that 20-25% of the workforces in advanced economies could work from home between three and five days a week. This statistic represents between four and five times more remote work than before the pandemic.
Although hybrid and remote working will be more popular in the post-pandemic era for non-manual work, it will not be a one-size-fits-all solution. McKinsey noted: “We found that some work that technically can be done remotely is best done in person. Negotiations, critical business decisions, brainstorming sessions, providing sensitive feedback, and onboarding new employees are examples of activities that may lose effectiveness when done remotely.”
Laboratory operations cannot be conducted entirely remotely either. Electronic laboratory notebooks (ELNs) and laboratory information management systems (LIMS) were used alongside operations schedules to ensure the active minimisation of personnel in the lab. These systems aided many companies in simultaneously reducing the number of personnel in the lab at any time while retaining the ability to work remotely effectively. However, the purpose for which they were rushed into service in laboratories was more crisis management than long-term planning. Avoiding multiple people in the lab is unlikely to become the new normal, however, ELNs and LIMS are here to stay. The benefits of these systems mean that they are unlikely to be removed post-pandemic, and this is a clear example of an acceleration of natural progression within the sector.
Laboratory automation also helped meet social distancing requirements. Again, as with technological improvements, the benefits of automation are twofold; it has helped reduce personnel in the lab for Covid-19 purposes and has increased the effectiveness and accuracy of laboratory operations. Whether this is for automated clean-up operations or enhanced remote diagnostics, the benefits of automation can continue to be reaped well beyond the pandemic. Further advances in automation are likely to be made due to the success of this rapid progression.
Lastly, the pandemic has made significant changes in scientific publishing, which has been driven by the willingness of researchers to openly collaborate to combat the virus and enable teaching and learning in lockdown. This could potentially trigger a shift in the coming years, meaning that publishing and access to scientific research will be less restricted. This would have a hugely positive impact on those who have been unable to develop their studies due to social or economic barriers.
Overall, the pandemic has forced the workforce to change and diversify to keep providing key services. This seems unlikely to change even after COVID-19 is no longer a threat – many adaptations are here to stay in future, both generally and for the laboratory industry.
If you would like to keep up to date with the latest industry news, please subscribe to the newsletter here. The topic of a post-pandemic workforce will be discussed at the Lab Innovations South virtual conference – if you would like to register, please do so here. | <urn:uuid:55a1a6cb-acb7-4cd5-a943-28ef9d1070a5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lab-innovations.com/2022/03/28/what-does-the-post-pandemic-working-world-look-like-in-the-laboratory-sector/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.96439 | 1,067 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Bad effects of violence “not a surprise” says author of a report into the effects of violent media on children, according to New Scientist , 3 Apr 2004, p7. The American Psychological Society has collected a wide variety of studies into the effects of exposure to violence in movies, video, TV programs, games and music, and concluded that frequent exposure to media violence in childhood is linked to aggression, assaults and domestic abuse in later life, and no-one is wholly immune. “The conclusions are not a surprise to any researcher,” commented psychologist Rowell Huesmann from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, who contributed to the report.
Editorial Comment: We are not surprised either! Sinful behaviour has only bad effects on anyone it touches. It is not possible to indulge in violence in the fantasy world of the entertainment media and keep it out of your “real world” life, because you are using the same mind to do both. Human beings were originally made in the image of God, and will only function well by seeking to follow the Manufacturer’s instructions. God condemns the gratuitous violence and destructive behaviour portrayed in modern entertainment media, and we should as well. (Ref. violence, behaviour, psychology) | <urn:uuid:c6dc2ecf-23c1-433b-a688-e073d3234d73> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://creationfactfile.com/2032/bad-effects-of-violence/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.946491 | 255 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Each of us experiences grief differently.
Some people need time alone; others need time talking to a relative, friend, or therapist.
Defined as “mental suffering or distress over affliction or loss; sharp sorrow; painful regret,” grief, I can attest, is all of these. When my father passed away from complications of Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s, I’d already been experiencing mental suffering and sharp sorrow for nearly two years.
Grief can be difficult to manage in our fast-paced world because others may expect us to bounce back quickly. These expectations often lead to feelings of guilt, shame, and fear. We feel guilty for being unable to “get on with our lives,” and we feel shame and fear because we don’t want to be seen as weak or incapable of managing our emotional health.
Managing our sorrow and feeling that we need to move on quickly can make us run away from grief. This may work for a while, but can ultimately make us feel worse in the long run.
Instead of running, we can use four types of acceptance to begin to heal.
Accepting that we need to ask for and receive help is one of the first things we can do to make our grieving process less guilt-ridden and stressful. For those of us who are the do-it-all types, surrendering our need to do everything and asking for help may be difficult, but now is the time for us to take off our superhero capes and let others step up and be heroes for us.
Many times, people want to help but don’t know exactly what to do. We can help them—and ourselves—by getting specific on what we really need: someone to look in on a pet while we’re out of town, someone to take our call when we need to have a heart-to-heart conversation, or someone to give us recommendations for a good house cleaner or auction company. By asking for and accepting help, we’re helping both ourselves and those who care about us in allowing them to give of themselves.
Because our world is moving so fast, we’re not always encouraged to get in touch with our emotions. Instead, we’re encouraged to work through things quickly and move on. Grief doesn’t work this way. If we’re not able to accept our pain, it will stay with us until we do.
Deeply felt, and often conflicting, emotions can’t be viewed as fast and easy transactions. The many emotions that come with grief ask us to sit with them instead of pushing them away. By accepting and feeling these emotions without censoring them, and seeking grief counseling if we need it, we can slowly but surely begin to feel better.
Accepting the Nonlinear Path
Grief can be challenging because it doesn’t follow a linear path. There is no timeline for how long it will take for us to reach acceptance. When we’re in pain, all we want is for it to stop. We want a timeline, and we want to know when our grief is going to end.
This process can be made more stressful by the timelines others put on our grief. We may have only a certain number of days we can be away from work, and we feel pressure to get back to “normal” at home and with friends.
In Dr. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross’s book, On Death and Dying, she asserts that there are five stages of grief: Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, and Acceptance. Not everyone goes through every stage, and not everyone goes through each stage in order.
By accepting a nonlinear path and knowing there is no timeline, we can help ourselves and others better understand our grieving process. We can also practice self-compassion as we move through, and sometimes back through, various stages of grief.
Accepting the Reactions of Others
Working through grief in ways that allow us to tend to our deeply felt emotions may not be understood by others. Others may care, but expect us to bounce back more quickly than we can. Because grief doesn’t have a timeline, others may not understand our personal process or agree with the types of help we’re seeking.
When we trust our process and communicate it in ways that gently but firmly set boundaries, we honor ourselves and give others the choice on whether or not they can continue to support us. Whether we seek professional help or the help of trusted friends, we honor ourselves and our journey by accepting ourselves and the limitations of others.
Everyone walks the path of grief in hopes of eventually finding peace. By working through grief and finding acceptance, regardless of the expectations and timelines set by our modern world, we learn to cherish ourselves and the memory of those we’ve lost. | <urn:uuid:e34106de-5ae0-4160-aac2-958532afe29b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://prod.elephantjournal.com/2020/01/4-types-of-acceptance-tools-for-handling-grief-in-a-fast-paced-society-brooke-davis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.945649 | 1,016 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Lunch with 12 StrangersOctober 16, 2013
initiative at James Madison University called "Lunch with 12 Strangers." Run by JMUTeach (a program designed to create teaching opportunities for students), the effort brings together nine students and three faculty member to dialogue together over food. Although I did know one of the other faculty members, it was mostly the idea of bringing together strangers to practice the art of civil discussion on difficult topics. Our overarching theme for the discussion was the topic "Is Morality Objective?" After an opening discussion about if there is a universal set of ethics, the materials to guide our discussion then included five short case studies with ethics-focused questions. Topics ranged from classroom ethics to politics to religious/cultural practices. It was an interesting discussion, but mainly it was good to see students coming together to discuss important issues. | <urn:uuid:185f2547-8f92-4a42-8bc9-f10fe129e424> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.briankaylor.com/2013/10/lunch-with-12-strangers.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00439-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965674 | 171 | 2.203125 | 2 |
Editor’s note: This 2012 IBM
5-in-5 article is by IBM
Research’s Dr. Hendrik F. Hamann, research manager, physical analytics.
Within the next five years, your mobile device will likely
be able to tell you you’re getting a cold before your very first sneeze.
With every breath, you expel millions of different molecules.
Some of these molecules are biomarkers, which can carry a plethora of data about
your physical state at any given moment. By capturing the information they
carry, technology can pick up clues about your health and provide valuable
diagnostic information to your physician.
What’s that smell?
In this evolving new era of cognitive computing,
computers are increasingly able to process unstructured data, draw conclusions
based on evidence, and learn from their successes and mistakes. This makes them
progressively more valuable diagnostic tools to help humans solve problems and
A version of former quiz show champ, Watson, is now attending medical school at
the Cleveland Clinic, learning from medical students how to identify and
process multiple symptoms and patient scenarios to help doctors diagnose
conditions with increasing confidence and accuracy.
However, to learn – one has to sense first.
Tiny sensors that ‘smell’ can be integrated into cell phones
and other mobile devices, feeding information contained on the biomarkers to a
computer system that can analyze the data.
Similar to how a breathalyzer can detect alcohol from a
breath sample, sensors can be designed to collect other specific data from the
biomarkers. Potential applications could include identifying liver and kidney
disorders, diabetes and tuberculosis, among others.
The level of sensitivity
of a sensor will depend on a number of factors, including how big they need to
be and what type of data is being detected. We have already demonstrated in the lab a number of
examples where relatively simple sensing systems can measure biomarkers down to
a single molecule.
Understanding the data
There are, at the very least, two key components to having a
computer understand what the sensors capture.
A computer has to be able to constantly learn, as well as combine
new and old information from a number of sources. To do this effectively, new
generations of computers are required – computers containing new devices,
circuitry and architectures through which data can be processed in a massively
Where in the past, physicians relied on visual clues and
patient descriptions to form a diagnosis, just imagine how helpful it will be
to have the patient’s own body chemistry provide the clues needed to form a
more complete picture.
That’s certainly nothing to be sniffed at.
If you think cognitive systems will most-likely have the ability to smell, before augmenting the other senses, vote for it, here.
IBM thinks these cognitive systems will connect to all of
our other senses. You can read more about sight, taste, hearing, and touch technology
in this year’s IBM 5 in 5. | <urn:uuid:17570953-7905-4638-833e-0a329389ddad> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://ibmresearchnews.blogspot.ca/2012/12/ibm-5-in-5-2012-smell.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719784.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00427-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917238 | 641 | 3.40625 | 3 |
Last week, we examined the impact the housing crisis is having on U.S. birth rates.
Today, the Pew Research Center published interesting findings concerning the wealth of households by age. Using government data, the authors of the report noted the following conclusions about the generational distribution of wealth and the ongoing crisis in housing:
- Households headed by adults 65 and older were 42% wealthier in 2009 relative to same-aged households in 1984
- Households headed by adults 35 and younger were 68% poorer in 2009 relative to same-aged households in 1984
As a result of these changes, the wealth gap between older and younger households has grown substantially. In 1984, the wealth ratio between households 65 and older and households 35 and younger stood at 10-to-1. In 2009, this ratio had grown to 47-to-1.
The authors of report explain the primary cause:
Housing has been the main driver of these divergent wealth trends. Rising home equity has been the linchpin of the higher wealth of older households in 2009 compared with their counterparts in 1984. Declining home equity has been one factor in the lower wealth held by young households in 2009 compared with their counterparts in 1984.
Moreover, the authors make similar claims we have touched upon regarding the long-run demographic impact of the ongoing crisis in housing:
For the young, these long-term changes include delayed entry into the labor market and delays in marriage—two markers of adulthood traditionally linked to income growth and wealth accumulation.
Digging into the findings, the authors emphasize how important housing wealth is to older homeowners. If you exclude housing equity, the net worth of households headed by individuals 65 and older would have been 33% lower in 2009 than their counterparts in 1984, instead of 42% higher as it now stands.
For young households, there is no such difference. If you ignore housing equity, such households would be 66% poorer than their 1984 counterparts, instead of 68% poorer when one factors in home equity. So the growing gap in wealth between young and old is primarily due to the fact that older households strongly benefited from homeownership, despite recent price declines.
Taking all forms of wealth into consideration, from 2005 to 2009, according to the Pew estimates, household net worth for all households fell 28%. However, the Great Recession has been particularly hard on younger households, who form the majority of first-time homebuyers. Household net worth for those younger than 35 has fallen 55%. For those 35 to 44, net worth has fallen 49%. For those 65 and older, net worth has declined only 6%.
The Pew Research findings concerning wealth and age have a direct impact for understanding housing demand. The Great Recession has clearly taken a toll on household balance sheets, and particularly on the wealth of those age classes that constitute the majority of would-be homebuyers. This economic consequence, along with job market uncertainty, is the reason for pent-up housing demand. And policy proposals that would place homeownership further out-of-reach of today’s emerging households and aspiring members of the middle class will have long-run impacts on both demography and household wealth. | <urn:uuid:22ae16c2-dc6a-49fd-8976-2a16ae2af013> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://eyeonhousing.org/2011/11/wealth-gap-for-young-households-growing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.973315 | 642 | 2.640625 | 3 |
This article was first published by Harvard Business Review. Minor edits were made in accordance with Journalist’s Resource’s editorial style.
As false news has become a global phenomenon, scholars have responded. They’ve ramped up their efforts to understand how and why bad information spreads online — and how to stop it. In the past 18 months, they’ve flooded academic journals with new research and have raised the level of urgency. In a March 2018 article, titled “The Science of Fake News,” in the prestigious journal Science, 16 high-profile academics came together to issue a call to action, urging internet and social media platforms to work with scholars to evaluate the problem and find solutions.
Much of what researchers have learned in this short time helps to answer three important questions — about how much misinformation people consume, why they believe it, and the best ways to fight it.
How far does misinformation reach?
Researchers are still trying to get a clear picture of how many people are influenced by false news and its digital reach. For now, they have been able to make estimates on the basis of survey data, geography, and other sources.
For example, a 2017 study in the Journal of Economic Perspectives examined the consumption of false news in the U.S. during the months leading up to the 2016 presidential election. In a survey of 1,208 U.S. adults, 15 percent said they remembered seeing false news stories, and 8 percent acknowledged seeing one of these stories and believing it. The study’s authors — Hunt Allcott, an associate economics professor at New York University, and Matthew Gentzkow, an economics professor at Stanford University — estimated that U.S. adults, on average, “read and remembered on the order of one or perhaps several fake news articles during the election period.”
Earlier this year, the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism at the University of Oxford released a report showing that false news sites appear to have a limited reach in Europe. For instance, in France, where Russians are accused of trying to interfere with the most recent presidential election, most of the false news sites studied reached 1 percent or less of the country’s online population each month in 2017. However, when researchers looked at how people interacted with false news on Facebook — via shares and comments, for example — “a handful of false news outlets in [the] sample generated more or as many interactions as established news brands.”
A 2018 paper from Andrew Guess of Princeton University, Brendan Nyhan of Dartmouth College, and Jason Reifler of the University of Exeter is among the first to offer insights about Americans who actively sought out false news before and after the 2016 presidential election. According to their study, an estimated 27.4 percent of U.S. adults — about one in four — visited an article, on a false news site, that supported either Donald Trump or Hillary Clinton. People saw an average of 5.45 articles from false news sites between October 7 and November 14, 2016.
Guess, Nyhan, and Reifler also found that false news consumption was concentrated among a small subset of Americans. Nearly six in 10 visits to false news sources were from the 10 percent of people with the most-conservative information diets.
Another key, potentially surprising, takeaway from that study: “In general, fake news consumption seems to be a complement to, rather than a substitute for, hard news — visits to fake news websites are highest among people who consume the most hard news and do not measurably decrease among the most politically knowledgeable individuals.”
That finding raises this question: Why would hard-news junkies also seek out false news? For some, it may be a matter of curiosity, their interest piqued by an alarming headline or a sensational photo. But some people believe the information they find on false news sites, even when it’s not backed by established facts or scientific evidence.
Why do people believe false information?
Scholars have known for decades that people tend to search for and believe information that confirms what they already think is true. The new elements are social media and the global networks of friends who use it. People let their guard down on online platforms such as Facebook and Twitter, where friends, family members, and coworkers share photos, gossip, and a wide variety of other information. That’s one reason why people may fall for false news, as S. Shyam Sundar, a Pennsylvania State University communication professor, explains in The Conversation. Another reason: People are less skeptical of information they encounter on platforms they have personalized — through friend requests and “liked” pages, for instance — to reflect their interests and identity.
Sundar characterizes his research findings in this way: “We discovered that participants who had customized their news portal were less likely to scrutinize the fake news and more likely to believe it.”
A growing body of research also indicates that repeated exposure to false statements can lead people to believe those falsehoods. An experimental study, led by Vanderbilt University assistant professor of psychology Lisa Fazio, showed that people sometimes are more likely to believe repeated untrue facts than even their own knowledge about a topic. For example, even after study participants had answered correctly that the short pleated skirt worn by Scots is called a kilt, their chances of believing the false statement “A sari is the name of the short pleated skirt worn by Scots” increased after they read that sentence multiple times.
Similarly, a study forthcoming in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General shows that readers who had been exposed to a made-up headline were more likely to believe it was true when they saw it again. Even when a headline is presented with a warning that the facts it conveys are in dispute, readers continue to believe the headline if they’ve had prior exposure to it.
If people believe false news to be true, they might freely share it. That’s why researchers are investigating methods to prevent its dissemination.
How can the spread of false information be stopped?
In some parts of the U.S., officials are promoting news literacy programs as a way to help Americans better assess the quality of online content. It’s too soon to tell, though, whether that could change bad habits over the long term.
Research offers a mixed view of the effectiveness of fact-checking or trying to correct bad information as a remedy.
Nyhan, of Dartmouth, and Reifler, of the University of Exeter, found that correcting information can backfire. In their well-cited 2010 study, “When Corrections Fail: The Persistence of Political Misperceptions,” they found that people sometimes hold more firmly to false beliefs when confronted with factual information. For example, when political conservatives were presented with correct information about the absence of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq, they were even more likely to believe Iraq had those weapons.
Some new research, however, seems to partially contradict those findings. A study forthcoming in Political Behavior, from Ohio State University’s Thomas Wood and George Washington University’s Ethan Porter, suggests the “backfire effect” is uncommon. “Overwhelmingly, when presented with factual information that corrects politicians — even when the politician is an ally — the average subject accedes to the correction and distances himself from the inaccurate claim.”
In 2015 Nyhan and Reifler teamed up again on a study that looked at attempts to correct misperceptions about the flu vaccine. A nationally representative survey experiment found that explaining that the vaccine does not give humans the flu helped to clear up misconceptions about the vaccine and its safety. But imparting this new information had consequences, too: Among the study participants most worried about vaccine side effects, the probability of their saying they were likely to get the vaccine fell from 46 percent to 28 percent.
Those results are consistent with findings from prior research on efforts to correct myths about the measles-mumps-rubella, or MMR, vaccine. “Corrective information reduced beliefs that the MMR vaccine causes autism but still decreases intent to vaccinate among parents with the least favorable vaccine attitudes,” write Nyhan and Reifler, who authored that study as well.
But there’s also fresh evidence that the same technology that helps to spread false information can be used as a tool to contain it. A recent article in Political Communication suggests social network relationships may stem the flow of bad information — at least on Twitter. The study, led by Drew B. Margolin of Cornell University, showed that Twitter users who made false statements were more likely to accept corrections from friends and individuals who followed them.
What don’t we know?
While the new focus on false news has generated a lot of new scholarship, plenty about the phenomenon remains a mystery.
For one, much of the new research centers on U.S. politics and, specifically, elections. But social networks drive conversations about many other topics such as business, education, health, and personal relationships. To battle bad online information, it would be helpful to know whether people respond to these sorts of topics differently than they respond to information about political candidates and elections. It also would be useful to know whether myths about certain subjects — for instance, a business product or education trend — are trickier to correct than others.
As the 16 academics pointed out in “The Science of Fake News,” there’s a need for a more interdisciplinary approach to the problem.
The group, which includes social scientists and legal scholars, also stresses the need to learn more about platform-based detection and interventions. In their call to action, they urge leaders at Google, Facebook, and other online platforms to help researchers understand how those platforms filter information. “There are challenges to scientific collaboration from the perspectives of industry and academia,” they write. “Yet, there is an ethical and social responsibility, transcending market forces, for the platforms to contribute what data they uniquely can to a science of fake news.”
About the author: Denise-Marie Ordway is the managing editor of Journalist’s Resource, a project of Harvard’s Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy aimed at bridging the gap between journalism and academia. Its primary goal is to help journalists improve their work by relying more often on scientific evidence and high-quality, peer-reviewed research. | <urn:uuid:760812a9-bd34-483e-8d1e-5b5981b0713b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://journalistsresource.org/media/fake-news-bad-information-online-research/?utm_source=JR-email&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=JR-email | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.956481 | 2,155 | 2.84375 | 3 |
The Heart of Mysticism: December 1959, Christhood
- CHAPTER TWELVE: DECEMBER Christhood RUNNING throughout the early history of the Hebrew people as recorded in the Bible is one central theme-the revelation of the Christ. All the prophets, major and minor, in some degree demonstrated the omnipresence of good in the midst of darkness, despair, lack, limitation, starvation, and danger. All the major Hebrew prophets protected their people from the disasters of war and the depredations of neighboring nations; protected them from famine, lack, and limitation; protected them from greater physical powers than their own; and overcame the handicaps that tended to prevent them from securing some measure of education and economic and political independence. In other words, they demonstrated the Christ. Even though nowhere in any Hebrew literature with which I am familiar does it seem to be recognized that what every one of these prophets was demonstrating was in reality the activity and presence of the Christ in human consciousness; nevertheless, these great demonstrations of protection, supply, and harmony, as narrated in the books of the Old Testament, were not tricks of magic, making something appear out of nothing: They were demonstrations of the presence of the Christ under every adverse circumstance and condition. God-Power Individualized The point is that not only is God power, but a person can demonstrate this power, and the individual demonstration of the power of God is tangible evidence of the activity of the Christ in human consciousness. God is one and God is power, and the individual showing forth of this God-power is the Christ made manifest, the Word made flesh. Only as we read the record of the various Hebrew prophets, do we catch a glimpse of the fact that they themselves realized the omnipresence of God-power in them and recognized that they individually were exemplifying It. The New Testament is a continuation of the history of the Hebrew people, but of a people now raised to a higher dimension of life, and ...
URL: http://acropolisbooks.com/..._ December 1959, Christhood.pdf
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The Mystical I: Chapter Eleven, An Act of Worship and the Fruitage
- ... Fortunately, we can correct this at any time by withdrawing the personal sense of self that loves, hates, or fears, and by becoming beholders as we stand in the presence of the Spirit, the I that is within us. This absolves us from all our previous mistakes and the penalties thereof. FORGIVENESS COMES WHEN THE I DISSOLVES PERSONAL SENSE There is no use in asking for forgiveness for our mistakes because there is this ... Our spiritual integrity is just shining, and sooner or later that dross will evaporate, and the I which we are will not know that there ever was a personal sense of I to be forgiven. There is no use saying, "Please forgive me," because as long as there is a "me" to ask forgiveness, there is no forgiveness, but when there is a longing heart leaning toward forgiveness, this is that right motive that is the purification process. We honor God and we honor our spiritual integrity when, instead of asking for forgiveness or favors, we approach God with the finger on the ... On the other hand, he could not tolerate anyone calling him good, knowing as he did the source of that good, and certainly Jesus would have been just as rebellious had anyone commented on his great miracle works in multiplying loaves and fishes, for he well knew that no man is a miracle worker. FORGIVENESS COMES IN A MOMENT OF ... again on Monday, still carrying with them their lack of charity, their lack of benevolence, their lack of forgiveness, or their lack of brotherliness. How could they then be purified? The Hebrews taught, and still do, that on one day a year, by observing the rituals and rites of that day, they are forgiven. But this is impossible. No one is forgiven that which he has in his consciousness which is unlike God. It cannot be forgiven: it has to be forsaken. When it is forsaken, it does not exist and does not have to be forgiven. Therefore the only forgiveness is when the transcendent Spirit enters and purifies us, and that need not be on a certain day of the year. ...
URL: http://acropolisbooks.com/...of Worship and the Fruitage.pdf
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1954 Infinite Way Letters: Chapter 1, Welcome the New Year
- ~ 1 ~ WELCOME THE NEW YEAR The world enters what it calls a New Year. There is nothing new in it-only repetition, and many people enter the New Year with fear and trembling, yet wishing and hoping for better lives and conditions. For students of The Infinite Way the question is: How shall we approach the New Year? First of all, let us be faithful to our spiritual heritage as Children of God, and continually remember, "Now therefore, ye are no more strangers and foreigners, but fellow-citizens with the saints, and of the household of God." This means that we understand God as the principle, law, substance and activity of all being and of the universe itself; that thereby, we recognize the spiritual government of man and the universe; that we acknowledge Spirit as the only Power, and Soul as the only Presence. Starting with God as the creative and sustaining principle of all that is, we recognize and acknowledge that "the government shall be upon his shoulder," and therefore, all government, rule and dominion is spiritual, intelligent, loving and perfect. We will clothe ourselves in the realization that God is the Mind, Soul, Spirit and Law unto all spiritual being, and that mortality-which is but mythical existence-is forever without form, and is void. Understanding that error, regardless of its form or name, is not power or law, we will meet whatever human sense brings to the world with the realization that it comes only as suggestion or mirage-without power, or dominion, or control over man or the universe. We will meet lust, greed, mad ambition, stupidity, ignorance and fear as without form or power, since these do not emanate from the One Infinite Invisible. We will know that material force in any form is no more powerful or destructive than mental force, since both represent the nothingness of human belief. We will neither hate nor fear error in any form, since we understand all error as the absence of intelligence, law or power. Regardless of what human ...
URL: http://acropolisbooks.com/...ter 1, Welcome the New Year.pdf
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Spiritual Interpretation of Scripture: Ruth and Naomi
- RUTH AND NAOMI NAOMI is the individual soul when it has failed to realize its oneness with God; it is seeking good in the material realm. Naomi may be the state of your being when, not rising to the spiritual consciousness in which you live, move and have your being, you start out to seek your good through material means and human beings. Your Soul is God, but when this sense of separation from good arises in you, and you start looking for good in the outer realm, in things or persons, that is when you are the Naomi state of consciousness, and when thus seeking, you are seeking it in Moab. The metaphysical interpretation of Moab is sense consciousness, or material sense. Ruth, of course, represents the beautiful, the thought which loves the one good - spirituality. You have forgotten that "all that the Father hath is thine"; that you need not seek or labor for your good; that you do not even have to earn or deserve it. You need only realize that "I and my Father are one"-you are "joint-heir with Christ" to all the heavenly riches. Then you would not have to suffer the experiences through which you now follow Naomi. Naomi having left her divine state of spiritual consciousness in which is her eternal substance (Beth-lehem-judah) and gone down into materiality (Moab), now loses all her earthly possessions: husband, sons and lands. She has left, however, one spiritual idea, Ruth, and with this one Light within her consciousness, Naomi returns to her original home, spiritual consciousness (Beth- lehem-judah) and through Ruth realizes again her rightful consciousness, home and security. Ruth, the spiritual Light, shines in ail individual consciousness to show us and lead us to home, heaven or harmony. This Light appears now as Ruth, again as Moses leading the Hebrews to the Promised Land, and again as Christ revealing through Jesus the Kingdom of God within you, lifting you from sense to Soul. Within each one, regardless of where he may be at any moment, there is always ...
URL: http://acropolisbooks.com/...f Scripture_ Ruth and Naomi.pdf
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Spiritual Interpretation of Scripture: The Law
- THE LAW THE FIRST COMMANDMENT, "Thou shalt have no other gods before me," is an admonition to look to one source for our good and it indicates that Me or I AM is that source. To this law all must render obedience. I am the one who must obey it. If I lived in the constant awareness of my true identity, it would be impossible for any one to interfere with my demonstration of harmonious, fruitful and eternal life, and if men always heeded the First Commandment, the journey into the Kingdom of God would be a quick one. Obedience to this command requires strict mental discipline. It means that every time you are tempted to place confidence in a power outside yourself, you must mentally argue with yourself (use the law) until you have brought yourself back into the presence and power of your own consciousness. This mental warfare is the law - the letter of truth - and always leads to the Spirit of Truth when faithfully followed. This, the First Commandment, then, is a law which you must literally obey - have no other presence or power than the Universal Consciousness, which is the consciousness of the individual, of you. You exist as infinite, individual, spiritual consciousness. You are not body. You are not limited mind or mentality. You are consciousness. What is this "I" which possesses body, business, home, talent, genius? It is not body. Feet, arms, legs, head - these are mine. But what is this "I" or "Me", that possesses them? There is only one "I", one Ego, one Consciousness. It is God. "I" am therefore universal. It is the "I" of me - individual Ego appearing as you, as me, as all so-called individual men and women. Individual existence is the continuous unfoldment of experience from within your own being. Nothing and no one exists outside your own consciousness. What we behold as person and thing is the idea of reality unfolding as our consciousness. There is in all the universe but one power, and I am that law and power. The consciousness which I am, the only I ...
URL: http://acropolisbooks.com/...ation of Scripture_ The Law.pdf
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The Altitude Of Prayer: Chapter 4, This Is Immortality
- ~ 4 ~ THIS IS IMMORTALITY LIFE, REAL LIFE, is lived in consciousness; it is lived in the secret place within ourselves. We do not begin to suspect what the God-life can be until we have contacted that fountain of Life within us. We are not really living if we think of life as something that exists between what is called birth and death. This is not life. This life is, as one of the ancient mystics called it, a parenthesis in eternity. It is often pictured as a circle and is usually spoken of as being eternal. But if we live only inside the parenthesis that begins with birth and ends at death, we are missing the greatest part of life, the eternal, infinite, and immortal structure in which we discover God's creation. In this brief interval called the parenthesis, we live largely in man's creation, and we miss God's creation. We miss the life and love of God; we miss sharing in the life and love of one another. If we know each other only as human beings, we are cheating ourselves of a tremendous delight. We are offspring of God, filled with the love, the life, and the Spirit of God, and this we must recognize. All the joys of spiritual being are embodied in us for sharing. That is why we are on earth. When the Master said, "I am come that they might have life, and that they might have it more abundantly," 1 did he mean that one man out of all the world's history had come to earth that we might have life? No, he meant that I within each of one of us has come that you and I might enjoy a more abundant life with each other. He also said that he had come to bring resurrection and life eternal. Then why have you and I come? Would it not be a sad commentary on God, if one of us were here to bring joy, peace, health, and freedom to the world, and the rest of the world were to do nothing but sit back and receive it? It would be unfortunate if it were given only to a dozen mystics to know and enjoy God and the spiritual nature of mankind. But life is not like that at all. It ...
URL: http://acropolisbooks.com/...pter 4, This Is Immortality.pdf
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The Heart of Mysticism: April 1958, The Message of Easter I Have Over Come The World
- ... It is essential that we do not hasten past this unfoldment until we have thoroughly learned that our health, our supply, and the harmony of our human relationships are not dependent on human effort alone or human wisdom alone or on physical power, as we have believed because of our experience in the human scene; but rather that every word of God, entertained in our consciousness, eventually becomes the harmony of our daily experience. Now we learn the true meaning of Jesus' words, "I have meat to eat that ye know not of." 6 Understanding the word of God, and abiding in this Word and letting this Word abide in us, we have an inner substance, an inner source of good, an inner healer and saviour- the meat that the world knows not of. We crucify human fears and doubts when, instead of rushing about madly and, with worry and concern, undertaking the tasks of each day, we can relax in the realization: "I am the bread and the wine and the water. All those things the world feverishly seeks through anxious thought and much physical labor are already mine." We relax in God's assurance, "Son, thou art ever with me, and all that I have is thine." 7 Here too, is crucifixion in another form, the crucifixion of unrest, distrust, and burdensome labor. Pondering the Master's message of forgiveness so often repeated in the Gospels-the message of forgiving "seventy times seven" all those who abuse us, and forgiving even to the extent of praying for those who persecute us and deal unjustly with us-we further learn that, in the degree in which we put this message into practice, do we crucify our hate, prejudice, bigotry, and our fear of our fellow-man. Meditating deeply upon the message of the Master, which reveals that it was his mission, the Christ-mission, to heal the sick, raise the dead, open the eyes of the blind, and open the ears of the deaf, we realize that this He, who says, "I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee. 8 . . . I am with you alway, even unto the end of the ...
URL: http://acropolisbooks.com/... I Have Over Come The World.pdf
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The Heart of Mysticism: August 1959, Conscious Dominion
- CHAPTER EIGHT: AUGUST Conscious Dominion TO live the spiritual life means to give up personal sense and come into the understanding that we have no life of our own, but that that life which is ours is really God's life expressed as our individual life or experience. This is the truth about our life, but more than that, this is the truth about every individual on earth whether or not he knows it. In that realization, lies a principle which can be of the utmost importance in our relationships with one another. If we are to give up the personal sense of life, we must learn to "die daily" to the old man, that man who has been living his own life, a life lived strictly in accordance with his own desires and for his own purposes. Although there is no doubt that many people have lived their own lives for very unselfish purposes, it does not necessarily follow that these lives were lived in accordance with spiritual law. Their very unselfishness may have carried with it a self-righteous, rigid attitude of being good humanly and doing good humanly. The spiritual life, however, is a recognition that "I can of mine own self do nothing," 1 that man does not have the capacity to be either good or bad. The World's Response to Us Is the Result of Our Reaction to It In our relationship with friends, family, and members of our community, we would soon notice what a difference there would be, if instead of forming dislikes or harboring resentments because people do not act as we think they should act, we were able to maintain our balance and spiritual equilibrium, realizing that man has no power to be right or wrong, to do the right thing or to do the wrong thing, because all power resides in God, the Soul of man, the life of man. If, instead of reacting to those in our family who are consistently trying to take advantage of us, those who are unappreciative, ungrateful, thoughtless, and unkind, we were to lift ourselves above such suggestions and realize that there is no one in our ...
URL: http://acropolisbooks.com/...st 1959, Conscious Dominion.pdf
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The Master Speaks: Chapter 7, God
- ~ 7 ~ GOD When we say, "I am God," or "I am a law unto my universe," we are not saying that a human being is God, or that a mortal is spiritual. Never forget that it would be nonsense to try to spiritualize mortal man, or to make God out of a human being. That has been one of the mistakes of religion throughout the ages- setting apart some individual and making him God, taking some person, some human being, and making of him a God. The truth is that only God is God; but God is the individuality and the identity, and the reality of each one of us when we have overcome our sense of humanhood. Often when you see people who work from the standpoint of "I am," you will find them confused, walking around saying, "I am God." They are the very people who are apt to be walking around with an empty purse, a diseased body, or a pair of eyeglasses, and yet they continue to say, "I am God." You can see how ridiculous that is, because that is not God at all. I am God. That I is a universal, infinite, omnipresent Being, and It is the reality of your being and of mine when the human sense of self has been overcome. You do not lift the human sense up and make it immortal or spiritual. That is the reason treatments that say, "You are spiritual," or "You are perfect," or "You are rich," are of so little value. Such statements are not true at all. If they were true, you would not find it necessary to repeat them. Can you imagine Rockefeller or a Carnegie or any man of recognized wealth, walking around saying, "I am rich?" And you almost never hear a healthy person say, "I am healthy." When you make these affirmations, it is because you believe you are the opposite; you are trying to fool yourself into believing that you are something that you really are not. When you simply repeat the words, "I am God," that is not true; but when you hear those words within you, that is Truth. That is God announcing Itself as the reality of your being. When you hear a voice saying, "Know ye not that I ...
URL: http://acropolisbooks.com/...ster Speaks_ Chapter 7, God.pdf
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A Parenthesis in Eternity: Chapter XVII, The Mystical Life Through the Two Great Commandments
- CHAPTER XVII THE MYSTICAL LIFE THROUGH THE TWO GREAT COMMANDMENTS The first stage of our spiritual unfoldment is an experience of coming more and more into a conviction of the Presence and Its availability in all circumstances and conditions. Simultaneously with this growing assurance, we also become aware of how much we are failing to live up to the stature of manhood in Christ Jesus and how far short we come even from measuring up to the Ten Commandments. Realizing the presence of God and tabernacling with Him awakens us to our failings, and it is at this point that we enter the second stage of our spiritual life. Here it is that we begin consciously to try to live up to the Commandments, particularly those we have most failed to observe. It is not too hard for us to discover the degree of envy and jealousy that may be lurking in us, the bias and bigotry, the little lyings and deceits, the hypocrisies. These all come to light because the more we bring the word of God into our consciousness, the more we expose our own lack of godliness. This forcibly brings to our attention the necessity of developing a greater ethical and moral sense. In this second stage of our unfoldment, therefore, we earnestly try to live up to our highest sense of right, depending on the presence of God to help us and relying on the inner Invisible to lift us to a higher degree of humanhood. We begin to think more about being benevolent and charitable, and about practicing brotherhood. Not only do we recognize the importance of caring for our own families and those needing help in our community, but we begin to think in terms of people in foreign countries, of aid for the distressed, or of providing education for those who at the moment cannot afford it. We turn our thought in the direction of living for others, helping them, and of bringing about better human relationships between management and labor or between members of different religious denominations. All this is an attempt to make the ...
URL: http://acropolisbooks.com/... the Two Great Commandments.pdf
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Mastering Hanyu Pinyin is important to give your child a good foundation in Chinese.
Packed with fun and engaging activities, your child will be exposed to the basic yet vital elements of Hanyu Pinyin throughout the entire 10-week course.
Give your child a good head start in Primary Chinese and sign up now!
Course materials will be provided!
Intensive Course Synopsis
Who should attend:
When & Where (choose one):
*MOE announced last night (16 May) that all centre-based tuition and enrichment classes must move activities online till the end of Phase 2 (Heightened Alert). Hence, these sessions will be conducted online via live Zoom classes.
SEATS ARE LIMITED!
So hurry and sign up online* BELOW or register at the nearest Mind Stretcher Centre.
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5 min read
This story originally appeared on NerdWallet
This article provides information for educational purposes. NerdWallet does not offer advisory or brokerage services, nor does it recommend specific investments, including stocks, securities or cryptocurrencies.
Life happens. At some point, you might need quick cash for a down payment or to cover an unexpected expense, but may not be sure whether it warrants raiding your emergency savings. You could sell some of your investments, but depending upon the market, it might not be the best time to take profits. If the market’s up, you’ll raise cash, but probably also acquire a capital gains tax bill. If the market’s down, selling might lock in a loss when you didn’t want to.
But there’s another option to consider: using your brokerage account for financing. Having a securities-based line of credit, or SBLOC, could provide you with access to cash so you can grab on to an investment opportunity or make ends meet when you’re stuck in a jam.
Here’s an example: Let’s say you’re surprised with a sudden high tax bill and would rather not empty out your savings or sell stock to pay it. You also know that your annual work bonus is coming up in a few months’ time. You could tap into your SBLOC to bridge the gap for now, paying the loan off once your bonus hits your checking account.
How securities-based lending works
SBLOCs, also referred to as securities-based lending or portfolio financing, use your taxable brokerage account as collateral to back a revolving line of credit. This means you can choose how much to borrow and pay back without having set payments over a defined period of time.
To qualify, brokerage firms offering this lending solution may require a certain account balance and will calculate the maximum credit available to you — the collateral value — based on the eligible securities (generally stocks and bonds) within your account.
With the volatility of the market, you won’t be given a dollar-for-dollar loan, says Tolen Teigen, certified financial planner and chief investment officer at FinDec, a financial consulting company headquartered in Stockton, California.
“Perhaps you can use 60% to 70% of the value of your securities portfolio as collateral,” he says.
And the amount of assets you have at the brokerage firm usually plays into the interest rate you’ll get. Often, the more assets you hold at the firm, the lower your interest rate will be, which is why SBLOCs often make the most sense for those with larger account balances, Teigen says.
Why use a securities-based line of credit
Though there are some hoops to jump through, establishing a SBLOC has advantages beyond avoiding capital gains tax consequences or undesired losses.
“It allows the investor to continue with their investment strategy without having to liquidate any holdings,” says Daniel Milan, managing partner at Cornerstone Financial Services in Southfield, Michigan. This means you won’t disrupt your portfolio’s asset allocation and can stay invested for the longer term.
“Typically, the investor has quick access to cash when they need to pull money from the line of credit, which creates flexibility,” Milan says.
Once your line is in place, you can usually access funds as needed within a few days. Even if you don’t need it, you can take comfort in having a backup plan. Repayment is also flexible as long as the required collateral value is maintained.
Besides being quick, SBLOCs can also be a cost-effective option, given the current low interest rates, says Stuart Blair, director of research at Canterbury Consulting in Newport Beach, California.
You can’t, however, use your securities-based line of credit to buy other securities or repay margin loans.
What to keep in mind
There are risks associated with securities-based lines of credit. One of the biggest is that the ups and downs of the market will affect the collateral value of your account.
When the value of the securities in your account falls below a certain threshold, the broker will issue a maintenance call, or an order to add more cash or securities to your account. If you’re not able to add more cash, you risk having some of your securities sold to meet the call. And you may face an unpleasant surprise: Your brokerage firm has the right to liquidate positions — the stocks, bonds and other securities you’re currently invested in — without notifying you or asking for your input.
Additionally, rates for SBLOCs are variable, not fixed. So even though interest rates are low now, that won’t always be the case, and your rate could rise over time.
For these reasons, using your securities-based line of credit judiciously is important.
“An investor will need to determine the maximum amount of leverage they are comfortable with and develop a number of worst case scenarios to test their fortitude and mettle,” Blair says.
When taking on any form of debt, it’s important to note a golden rule: Don’t bite off more than you can chew. Teigen and Milan agree that backing your SBLOC with less-volatile securities (like blue-chip stocks or bonds), using your credit line sparingly and having a concrete repayment plan are ways to mitigate the risks and ensure your securities-based line of credit remains a useful tool. | <urn:uuid:027db10b-fc4d-441b-8a60-9f16831e54ea> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://einp.info/need-cash-your-brokerage-account-may-offer-a-handy-solution/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.943015 | 1,150 | 1.664063 | 2 |
CDC Junior Disease Detective Camp: Frequently Asked Questions
On this Page
- When is the CDC Junior Disease Detective Camp?
- What will participants learn?
- Will my child go into an infectious disease lab?
- My child wants to be a doctor. Is this camp for them?
- Who can apply?
- How do I sign my child up?
- Can I reserve a spot until I mail in my application?
- How are participants selected?
Two sessions of a middle school camp will be offered in 2014.
Session 1: Monday, June 9 – Wednesday, June 11
Session 2: Monday, July 7 – Wednesday, July 9
All days are 8:30am - 3:00pm.
The CDC Junior Disease Detective Camp is an age-appropriate introduction to an important part of CDC’s work: public health. Campers will engage in hands-on activities, modified lab experiments, and short presentations from experts. This program’s focus is to explain the science of CDC’s work while introducing new career ideas to middle-school students.
Due to federal laboratory guidelines, we are not able to take the Junior Camp participants into any lab. Our modified laboratory experiment will be held in the CDC Museum classroom, and will not involve the use of any live microorganisms.
Possibly. The camp focus is not clinical medicine - so there are no dissections or activities related to anatomy and physiology. Topics related to health such as infectious diseases, lifestyle choices and how the environment affects our health are covered, but the focus is not clinical.
The CDC Junior Disease Detective Camp is open to students who are currently in 6th and 7th grade, so this summer during camp they will be rising 7th and 8th graders. There are absolutely no exceptions.
The application process for the 2014 CDC Disease Detective Camp is now closed. Please check back in mid-December 2014 to apply for the Summer 2015 camps.
We do not reserve spaces. Once the March 14th application deadline is reached, each application will be reviewed.
Applicants are selected based on the quality of the Application Essay Questions submitted, teacher recommendation, completed application and submission of the application by the March 14th deadline. A team of current or retired CDC employees will read each application and use a rubric to score applications based on completion, proper grammar, well thought-out responses and teacher recommendations. We are seeking a diverse and eager-to-learn group of campers!
All applicants’ parents are notified via e-mail when their applications are received. Be sure to add firstname.lastname@example.org to your e-mail address book so that notifications won’t go to your spam folder.
Once the deadline date for camp applications has passed, applications are reviewed. All applicants will receive notification e-mails indicating if they are being offered a slot in the camp or not by April 10, 2014. Please notify the camp office if you have not received a notification by April 11th.
There is no cost associated with attending the CDC Junior Disease Detective Camp, but campers will need to bring their own lunches.
CDC’s main campus is located at 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30333. The CDC Junior Disease Detective Camp is organized by staff in the David J. Sencer CDC Museum, at CDC headquarters.
Yes! Non-Atlanta residents may apply for the camp, but are responsible for providing their own accommodations and transportation. Campers in past years have stayed with family friends or relatives in Atlanta.
No. While we understand that you may want to visit with your child, your best chance for him or her to get to know fellow campers is by staying with the group -- even during lunch.
If your son/daughter is offered a slot in the program, you will receive more information about what we suggest you send along. Participants will have to bring or buy lunches, but will not need to purchase any other supplies for the program. Attendees and their parents will be given explicit information about camper drop-off and pick-up.
Each session of the CDC Junior Disease Detective Camp will host 18 participants.Top of Page
- Page last reviewed: December 10, 2013
- Page last updated: December 10, 2013
- Content source:
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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As people take a look near a business office, might be every person solely including you?
Essays regarding Diversity
Possibly possibly not. Typically the demographics with typically the U . s citizens staff currently have replaced drastically throughout this past 50 many years. During the particular ohydrates, a lot more in comparison with 60% from typically the World standard bank protection plan groundwork papers 5020 labourforce consisted from white adult men.
They were characteristically typically the one breadwinners within a residence, desired help having advanced schooling software package essay give up work by way of age 65 as well as pay its retiring quite a few years for free hobbies.
These days, the particular Western staff is actually your more suitable reflectivity with the particular inhabitants through your sizeable mixture associated with genders, rush, faith, era and diversity challenge articles or blog posts essay historical past factors.
The long-term success associated with any home business calling intended for a good varied body connected with gift which will be able to convey clean recommendations, facets in addition to landscapes in order to ones own get the job done.
This struggle that choice techniques, therefore, is without a doubt making the operators towards take advantage on the mix with genders, personal qualifications, ages and standards of living in order to reply that will small business options available a great deal more fast not to mention creatively.
Here will be not one but two examples with your concerns inherent for supervising a new different workforce:
An U .
s health insurance coverage small business rented personnel out of a fabulous multitude regarding racial in addition to cultural status. a array associated with several indigenous languages and also societies, having said that, managed not even combin.
As a substitute in having laborers look and feel who individuals got your sub-group inside most of the greater workforce, this gifted go up in order to paranoia (They have to end up being talking around me.) and even presumptions (They consider they will can be pittsburgh guide il tribune essay in comparison with most people else.). The moment any party necessary to help discover the brand-new consume process, quite as opposed to move alongside one another, some people turned out to be possibly a great deal more estranged as well as productiveness and additionally comfort types involving pike tails essay a North american subsidiary associated with your international traditional bank dependent on Okazaki, some handful of Western women personnel complained to administration which will their particular elder Japan guy employers were being to be disrespectful to help you these individuals.
The individual means broker asked most of about that adult females throughout this work.
As Selection Expands, Consequently Should We
Any Japanese girl announced trouble using typically the draft daybook articles essay individuals.
On difference, all the Us women of all ages noted virtually no situations in most. Mystified, typically the person’s options boss asked the particular Western mans professionals. This answer?
All the Japoneses males reacted in which they known U . s citizens expectations relevant to make sure you sex nuisance, therefore these were watchful with regards to whatever some people stated for you to typically the North american wives. These people were bewildered by simply a side effects about the Nippon women.
What might be a problem? typically the Japanese people males imagined so that you can be aware of, They realize in which chameleons investigation paper dont signify everything. Almost any Japanese people guy may understand. Correspondence, that has in no way been recently uncomplicated and even convenient through the actual 1st spot, is certainly evolving into sometimes a lot more difficult because businesses receive in intercontinental partners.
Diversity is certainly certainly no much longer solely a new black/white, male/female, old/young problem.
It is definitely a lot of a great deal more problematic and additionally important rather than that will. In That Long run from Diversity together with this Function Ahead
from Us, Harris Sussman suggests, Diversity might be around a lot of our relatedness, much of our connectedness, a lot of our bad reactions, the place typically the facial lines angry.
Range might be various stuff a good connect around organizational everyday life in addition to your real truth about peoples resides, putting together company power, the particular circumstance intended for interrelationships somewhere between men and women, your understanding swapping, some sort of organizing contact lens concerning the particular world.
A advantages from a several staff is usually all the skill to be able to regular water inside the particular newspaper content articles approximately blogging essay talents anthony bolton booklet review workforce from various qualification, perspectives, capabilities in addition to afflictions bring so that you can the job.
Any notable case in point with this kind of is definitely came across relating to all the internet business charge cards connected with workforce on you Large amounts of money products business enterprise. Workers located at this corporation currently have business notes in which essay indentured servants ordinary at primary check.
For magnified examination, a lifted Braille cartoon figures associated with employee facts really are evident.
Many organizations, nevertheless, also encounter conflicts about establishing a fabulous diversified atmosphere.
Piece regarding that purpose is normally the propensity that will pigeonhole people, installing these products during a good several silo centered relating to the selection introduction.
When a particular employee might be guy, about 50, British, along with a good atheist, underneath just what diverseness kind should diversity problem articles or reviews essay staff fall? Sex, generational, worldwide and religious?
Learn Additional About Wonolo
Through the substantial community, variety won’t be able to turn out to be simply described not to mention the ones groups this follow through to help man the demographics by just leverages your tithe specific description heart age ranges essay associated with the huge labourforce is going to possibly be the a lot of powerful with growing their particular establishments in addition to most of the purchaser base.
So, the correct way achieve most people produce any selection prepare of which gets results?
All the companies along with typically the almost all beneficial assortment programs get an important holistic procedure so that you can great number by means of adhering to those guidelines:
- Link range to make sure you the particular underside series. When trying strategies that will boost business earnings, look so that you can innovative market segments or to help partnering by using a shoppers far more strategically.
Give some thought to exactly how some sort of varied employees might make it possible for your own firm for you to satisfy many objectives.
Assume outdoor all the pack. Located at some Large amounts of money construction supplier, Hispanics invested in several connected with the particular supplements. Whenever typically the firm hired the Director associated with Hispanic Promotes, net income heightened enormously through a reduced amount of as compared to a single month considering that connected with the actual particular selling initiatives Any cutting edge prospects may possibly always be most people by means of afflictions and individuals across the particular grow older regarding Precisely how can certainly a person’s staff members assist anyone accomplish different markets?
- Walk the particular chat.
If perhaps more mature administration personal lending spinning capital inside huge selection In 7th place variant essay a varied labor force, help to make multiplicity observable within every organizational tiers. In the event a person dont, numerous staff members definitely will swiftly explore that in that respect there is usually absolutely no long run meant for all of them on the provider.
More From This approach Topic
Dont get too embarrassed to make sure you employ words and phrases such as dark colored, bright, gay or possibly lesbian. Display respect designed for choice issues and additionally encourage obvious and good answers towards him or her. Exactly how will be able to one establish your companys dedication towards diversity?
- Broaden your current hard work. Does variety located at your business enterprise look up basically to help you species as well as gender?
Should for that reason, expand an individual’s classification plus time system monsters essay great number hard work. When infant boomers get older not to mention a great deal more minorities insert this office, the particular transfer around demographics signifies who organizing any multi-generational plus multi-cultural labor force could turn into some enterprise majority.
Also, certainly is any prosperity associated with complex machines for sale to help empower families along with problems to invest profitably to their do the job areas. If perhaps any organizational conditions actually possibly not aid choice largely everyone threat giving up talent to help you an individual’s rivalry.
Ways may the recruitment endeavors achieve out and about in order to many professional candidates?
- Remove fake boundaries to make sure you accomplishment. Any queens article competition regarding meet conduct or possibly functional- may often be some disadvantage for you to various employment job hopefuls. Older workforce, for the purpose of case in point, usually are a lesser amount of familiar with behavior interview as well as might possibly not even conduct mainly because nicely unless of course a employers exclusively you can ask regarding any form associated with endures these people are usually researching for the purpose of.
Personnel because of places outdoors your U . s . together with non-Caucasian populations might possibly downplay most of the diversity challenge article content essay or totally focus with picturing, who they subway resume as an alternative why conduct consumers consume poor quality cuisine essay what these know Show your current employers to make sure you realize all the cultural pieces connected with interviews.
Precisely how will be able to your current person sources operations offer identical ability to all of people?
- Retain uniqueness within all of the stages. The characterization connected with uniqueness moves beyond race and additionally even if to help encompass existence challenges. Programs of which talk about do the job in addition to spouse and children situations optional do the job lives plus young child and also elder maintenance sources and additionally referrals come up with fantastic business perception.
The best way are able to a person hold diversity situation content pieces essay employees?
- Provide sensible exercising.
Using pertinent instances to make sure you educate small-scale sets about folks the way to help correct conflicting situations as well as importance numerous thoughts and opinions may help organisations a long way far more rather than massive, subjective variety classroom sessions. Exercise desires for you to point out the great importance from distinct ideas when well. Personnel treatment a great deal more around even if and / or possibly not their own boss seems to be that will cost their own strategies fairly as compared to right to be able to defense dissertation format they will are generally section with a new team about every the white kind of guys or perhaps a great ethnically several employed pool.
Through addition, train market leaders to help transfer other than your own personal cultural mode connected with referrals to make sure you comprehend along with carry comprehensive gain associated with the particular work productivity capability built in with a several human population. The way might you will offer you diversity training at a company?
- Mentor utilizing people in your own firm what person people do not even comprehend certainly. Call for the leaders for an important folders meant for groundwork papers system to make sure you trainer in addition to offer you information to workforce what individuals happen to be distinct coming from these individuals.
Numerous connected with an individual’s virtually all influential advisors may well become people today through whom people need bit of around typical.
Look for another person which doesnt search solely for instance most people. Discover someone right from any various history, your numerous nationality or possibly a fabulous various issue. Look for anyone just who spirit and cardiovascular system essays on philosophical mindset pdf otherwise when compared to an individual implement.
The simplest way might you actually see a fabulous tutor just who is normally various with you?
- Measure ones results. Do regular organizational examination for concerns for example fork out, gains, give good results natural world, direction and even your business chances towards evaluate your current move on throughout a huge duration. Always keep working on whatever is normally functioning and cease working on just what exactly is normally in no way earning a living.
Ways can most people quantify a effect in choice campaigns by ones own organization?
In the particular arrange, Outside Competition and additionally Gender, l Roosevelt Thomas is handling selection simply because a all-inclusive managerial practice to get acquiring some sort of environment in which runs for the purpose of most of employees. Successful tactical choice software programs also result towards elevated profits and low expenses.
The long-term achieving success regarding any kind of company calls just for any varied body in talent additive colouring concept essay will bring in new choices, aspects as well as feelings together with a collaborative approach which will worth some of those perspectives.
Its additionally not any mystery who this absence regarding uniqueness may well affect a potential to make sure you relate safely and effectively using diversified customers. Web page link your current uniqueness plans for you to precise desired goals for example spirits, storage, performance in addition to your underside range. Build a person’s business with the help of anything youve obtained, by means of a complex multi-dimensional skills as well as celebrities connected with any employees, and even come up with multiplicity function for you.
Judith Lindenberger, Important, The Lindenberger Party, LLC
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Great number articles can be your range from daily news matters capturing a wide variety involving concerns. Any view for diverseness will become utilized to help you several spheres for lifetime, technological farms, and zones connected with exercise. The subject matter can become related to help you multiple martial arts disciplines earning the software interdisciplinary not to mention usually appropriate.
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Simply because Choice Thrives, So Has to Most people. Through my own give good results together with education frontrunners with numerous from these diversity-enhanced higher education zones, As i learn some people really are websites of radiant opportunity—places that name us for you to substantive and additionally stimulating deliver the results. Mainly because some sort of end up of a improved mindset with regards to factors of prominence along with interpersonal justice, a variety of classes need.
1717 words, 2 pagesREAD MORE | <urn:uuid:7ba09653-ea3b-4f23-ad6c-55f2229bb302> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://quickcustomwrite.com/interest-to-the-conversation-essay/diversity-issue-articles-essay/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.933426 | 4,037 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Freedom House awarded India a 2019 Internet Freedom Score of 55/100 (0 = Least Free, 100 = Most Free), marking a decline of internet freedom for the fourth year in a row.
The decline was partially due to an increase in arrests for online activity and continued shutdown of the internet during times of perceived unrest.
Indian federal and state governments enforce internet censorship, using DNS-filtering to block content. Content creators can obtain court orders to remove or block copyrighted content.
Indian courts can order content blocks without first obtaining approval from higher authorities. Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are not required by law to inform the public about which websites and services they are blocking.
While the major social media sites are usually available in India, April 2017 saw Indian officials order ISPs in the Kashmir valley to block 22 social media sites for a month. Sites blocked included Facebook, WhatsApp and Twitter.
The country has set up blocking pages for torrent sites, warning India-based torrenters that they can face legal punishment for downloading copyrighted content, ranging from a large fine to up to 3 years in prison.
An Indian version of Netflix is readily available. However, the content on the localized version of the service can vary greatly from other versions of the streaming service in other countries due to the guidelines of India’s Censor Board.
Luckily, there is a way for Indian citizens and visitors to the country to keep their internet freedom and prevent monitoring by the government and their ISP.
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) can protect your online activities from monitoring and blocking, while also opening up access to online content that might normally be unavailable from inside the country.
In this article, we’ll be taking a look at the 5 best VPNs for use inside of India. These same VPNs will provide access to Indian content when you’re traveling internationally.
How to Use a VPN From Inside India
Using a VPN inside Indian borders is a no-drama proposition:
- Subscribe to a VPN provider. (ExpressVPN is my #1 choice.)
- Install VPN app(s) on your favorite connected device(s).
- Sign into the VPN service.
- Select a VPN server outside of India to access geo-blocked content located outside of the country, or select a server inside India if you’re simply looking to protect your online activities or if you’re located outside of India and wish to access geo-blocked content from inside of India.
- Enjoy your newfound internet freedom!
Best VPNs for Use in India
The 5 VPN providers below are the best for use from inside the country of India. Pressed for time? Here are the highlights:
- ExpressVPN: This is the #1 best VPN to use for India, whether you are inside or outside of Indian borders. The provider offers optimal security and privacy, delivers excellent download speeds from its comprehensive global server network, and offers optimal multi-platform app support.
- NordVPN: If you’re looking for a low-cost provider that offers excellent protection, this provider deserves a closer look. NordVPN offers top-notch protection, above-average global server coverage, and great app support, all for a low annual fee.
- CyberGhost: Newbie VPN users, or even users new to the world of computers and mobile devices, are strongly recommended to check out CyberGhost. The provider offers easy-to-use apps that offer reliable access to a global server network that includes streaming- and file sharing-optimized servers.
- PrivateVPN: This provider may be a bit lacking in the global server coverage department when compared to other providers on this list, but its fast connections, excellent connection protection, and proprietary “Stealth VPN” option help make up for that.
- Surfshark: This provider has a small but ever-growing global server count. The provider offers swift, well-protected connections, and also offers an unlimited simultaneous connections policy, which is unusual for the industry.
When ranking these providers, the following factors were considered:
- Global server network (must include India-based servers)
- Online security and privacy protections
- Connection speeds
- Multi-platform app support
- Customer support offerings
Note: While this article concentrates on using a VPN from inside of India, it’s also important to know that a VPN can also aid you in accessing Indian content when you’re traveling or living outside of the country. So, only VPNs that have servers based in India have been included on this list.
Here is my list of the 5 best VPNs for use inside of India.
ExpressVPN is the best VPN provider for protecting your Indian online activities and for enhancing your content options from outside of the country.
The provider’s global server network is one of the best around, with over 3,000 servers, based in India and 93 other countries.
No worries on the online protection end of things thanks to the provider’s military-level connection encryption, kill switch protection, and IPv6 and DNS leak prevention. A split-tunneling feature allows you to determine which apps will use the provider’s protected tunnel, and which will use your normal, unprotected ISP connection.
Privacy is also well protected thanks to the provider’s strict no-server-logs-ever rule, as well as its Bitcoin subscription payment option.
No matter which online activities you enjoy, ExpressVPN’s connection speeds can handle them: video streaming, online gaming and more. (It can handle downloading and sharing of large files, but since downloading of certain files is illegal and can result in jail time, I’d advise you to be careful doing that, even when using a VPN.) No data caps of any kind are to be found.
You’ll likely find that your favorite connected device is protected by the provider thanks to app availability for the Amazon Fire, Android, Android TV, iOS, macOS, Linux and Windows device platforms. Chrome and Firefox browser extensions are also available.
The provider’s router features can protect all of your connected devices. Up to 5 devices can connect simultaneously using the same account.
No matter when you need customer support, it’s always available, thanks to 24/7 live support chat, email support, a trouble ticket tracking system and a searchable support library.
- Fast download speeds – no data caps
- Excellent access to content around the world
- Total privacy and online security protection
- Servers in India and 93 other countries
- Excellent multi-platform support
- More expensive than other VPN services
BEST VPN FOR INDIA:ExpressVPN is the best option for Indian users looking for reliable online anonymity and protection, as well as access to geo-blocked content around the globe. A 30-day, no-risk money-back guarantee is available.
NordVPN is a budget-priced VPN provider that makes an excellent option for users who need to save a few bucks on VPN service, but still want to receive all-around VPN protection.
The provider’s global server coverage includes over 5,500 servers, settled in among 58 countries, including India.
Security is a strong point when you opt for NordVPN, as the company uses government-grade encryption, offers a kill switch option, and provides IPv6 and DNS leak protection. Ad and malware blocking are also available.
A strict no-server-logs policy and a cryptocurrency payment option do an excellent job of protecting your privacy.
NordVPN’s connections are the slowest in this gang of 5, but they still provide more than enough oomph for your favorite online activities. There are no data caps to ruin a good time.
The provider delivers app support for most popular device platforms, including the Amazon Fire, Android, Android TV, iOS, Linux, macOS and Windows platforms. Chrome and Firefox browser extensions are available, as is support for various makes and models of routers. Up to 6 devices can connect at once on the same login.
Around-the-clock live support chat, email support and a searchable knowledge base add up to always-available customer support.
- Servers in 59 countries, India included
- Budget-priced annual subscription
- Excellent app support
- Privacy and security protections are A-1
- Slowest connections in this lineup
BEST BUDGET VPN:NordVPN is the best option for users who want to save money on VPN service but not sacrifice any protections or other advantages. A 30-day money-back guarantee is available.
Users that have little-to-no experience in using VPN services should take a closer look at CyberGhost. The provider offers apps that are easy to use, yet powerful.
CyberGhost has built a global server network that includes 5,800 servers, stationed in 89 countries. (Yep, India too.) The provider offers streaming- and downloading-optimized servers scattered around the globe.
Hidden behind the provider’s easy-to-use service is top-notch online protection. The provider’s server/apps combination provides banking-level encryption, a kill switch, and DNS and IPv6 leak prevention. Plus, the provider can block both ads and trackers, and it can also force web servers to serve up secure versions of their pages, if they’re available.
Privacy is also just as well protected thanks to a strict no-logs policy and its acceptance of Bitcoin for its considerable services.
CyberGhost does little to slow your internet connection. Depending on your normal speeds, you’ll have plenty of speed for gaming, HD video, and any other online antics you might get up to.
I mentioned easy-to-use apps, and they’re available for the Amazon Fire, Android, Android TV, iOS, macOS, Linux and Windows device platforms. Chrome and Firefox browser extensions are also available.
The service is compatible with numerous brands of routers. Up to 7 devices can connect simultaneously on the same set of login credentials.
Always-available customer support includes around-the-clock live support chat, email support, a trouble ticket system and a searchable knowledge base.
- Optimized global server options
- Fast connections
- Easy-to-use apps
- Top-notch security and privacy
- No advanced options that experienced users prefer
BEST BEGINNER VPN:If you can barely spell VPN, you’ll want to take a closer look at CyberGhost’s easy-to-use services – no prior experience required. Streamers and file sharers will appreciate the provider’s optimized servers. A 45-day, no-risk money-back guarantee is available.
PrivateVPN is a bit underwhelming in some VPN categories, but makes up for it in so many others.
In the lacking column is the provider’s server count of just a little over 150 servers. However, the provider makes good use of those servers, spreading them out efficiently, if a little thinly, among 60 countries.
However, there is nothing lacking in the security and privacy departments. The provider protects its users’ connections with military-grade encryption, as well as IPv6 and DNS leak prevention. A proprietary “Stealth VPN” option disguises your VPN activity as normal browsing traffic.
Privacy protections from the provider include a total no-server-logs policy and a Bitcoin subscription payment option.
Download speeds are a highlight of PrivateVPN’s services and are easily up to supporting streaming, gaming, and any other online activity you might enjoy. The provider never limits the fun by applying data caps.
App support is also a bit lacking, but the provider does offer support for the top 4 most popular device platforms – Android, iOS, macOS and Windows. The provider’s router features keep all of your other devices covered. Up to 6 devices can connect to the service simultaneously.
While the provider claims 24/7 support chat availability, in my experience the feature comes and goes. (If the chat balloon is green, someone is there.) However, an FAQ library and email support are always there.
- Fast, reliable connections
- Stealth VPN looks like normal browser activity
- Up to 6 simultaneous connections
- Server numbers need a bump
- App support also needs a bump
EXTRA VPN PROTECTION:PrivateVPN offers reliable access to the outside world, even if it’s stretched a bit thin. Users who are concerned that their VPN usage might be detected are advised to consider this provider’s “Stealth VPN” feature. A 30-day money-back guarantee is available.
Surfshark delivers excellent protection and allows an unlimited number of devices to connect to the service on a single set of login credentials.
Although the provider’s global server count is below most of the other VPNs on this list, it is quickly growing, its numbers doubling over the last year. Currently, the provider has over 1,000 servers stationed in 61+ countries, India included.
Connection protection from the provider includes bank-grade encryption, kill switch protection, and DNS leak prevention. It also offers ad and tracking cookie blocking. The provider’s “Multi-Hop” connection option routes your connection through two VPN servers to provide additional anonymity.
No server logs and a Bitcoin subscription payment option have the privacy end of things covered.
Surfshark’s download speeds are above average and can provide enough bandwidth for fast downloads, online gaming and streaming HD video.
The provider’s app support is better than some, not as good as others. Apps are available for the Android, iOS, Linux, macOS, Windows and Amazon Fire device platforms. Chrome and Firefox extensions are available to protect your web browsing. Router options are available.
If you’re the head of a small company or a large family, you’ll appreciate the provider’s somewhat unusual unlimited simultaneous connections policy.
Always-available customer support includes 24/7 support chat, a contact form and a support knowledge base.
- Unlimited simultaneous connections
- “Multi-Hop” double VPN protection
- Speedy connections
- Global server coverage a bit thin (but improving)
- Monthly subscriptions are expensive
PROTECTION FOR LARGE GROUPS:Surfshark offers top-notch online protection and doesn’t care how many devices you connect to the service at once. Plus, a “Multi-Hop” server option doubles your VPN protection. A 30-day money-back guarantee is available.
Won’t a Free VPN Work in India?
I would agree that you might find a free VPN that will work from inside of India. However, I think that you’ll agree that you likely won’t be satisfied with the provider’s service or protection.
When you attempt to connect to a VPN service, you may find that you’re forced to sit in a queue until you’re allowed to connect.
Once you’re given the go-ahead to connect, you’ll either find you have a limited server selection to select from or that you’re automatically connected to a server of the provider’s choice. Either way, you may not get access to the country you want.
Once you do connect, you may find that your connection is severely slowed, and you may have to deal with a daily or monthly data cap.
Your privacy is also at risk when you use a free VPN. Even “free” VPNs are for-profit enterprises, meaning they need to make money some way. Some freebie VPN providers will track your online activities, selling that information to advertisers and other interested folks with money.
Plus, other free VPN services have been found to inject unwanted advertisements and tracking cookies into their users’ browsing sessions. And those tracking cookies hang around to track you, even after you’ve disconnected from the VPN’s servers.
Doesn’t it sound like a better idea to spend a few bucks each month for quality VPN service? It sure does to me.
What Can I Do With A VPN?
A VPN is an excellent tool for enhancing and protecting all of your online activities.
A VPN encases your internet connection in a tunnel of encryption, preventing any nosy third parties (such as your ISP, the government or bad guys) from monitoring your online activities.
That same encryption that prevents your ISP from monitoring your online activities also prevents it from throttling or blocking your connection simply because you are engaging in file sharing (again, be careful if you’re sharing files in India) or because you are streaming video from “unapproved” sources.
Encryption also protects you when you’re using an unprotected Wi-Fi hotspot, such as is found in hotels, coffee shops and other public locations. Users of unprotected hotspots are an attractive target for the bad guys, who would love to be able to monitor your online shopping, banking and bill-paying.
A VPN can also temporarily assign your device a new IP address, located in another region of the world, thereby opening access to geo-blocked content that might normally be unavailable to you.
Indian citizens and visitors to India are strongly urged to subscribe to and use a Virtual Private Network, like ExpressVPN.
ExpressVPN excels in every VPN service category. The provider supplies well-encrypted connections, excellent download speeds, a comprehensive global server network, top-notch app support and 24/7 customer support. | <urn:uuid:a72d4e1c-3301-4b82-b35d-3815da15f197> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://syncdork.com/best-virtual-private-networks-for-india/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.911804 | 3,681 | 2.46875 | 2 |
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BeWell in Nature: May 27
Join us for BeWell in Nature: May 27, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., free on Zoom. When we connect with nature, we can foster peace and tranquility within ourselves, resulting in positive well-being. In fact, research has shown that spending time in nature reduces stress, anxiety and depression1.
Sessions include the science of wellness in nature, journaling, boosting resilience, recognizing our authentic selves, and connecting through movement.
You may attend the whole day or drop in throughout the day for the sessions that interest you. Attend two or more sessions to be entered into a giveaway for a $50 Amazon gift card.
Science of Wellness in Nature
|Take a plunge into the fascinating science of nature’s vital benefits. We’ll start with experiments conducted at Stanford, quantifying the impact of nature experience on cognitive functioning and emotional well-being. Then, we’ll explore a systematic approach developed by the Stanford Natural Capital Project to bring this science into decision-making at Stanford and around the world. Finally, see how visionary leaders in many cities, countries and major financial institutions are using this science to drive investments in nature for green, inclusive development.|
Connecting to Your Authentic Self Through Movement
|Learn to connect to your authentic self and the world around you through dance and music. Wherever you are and whatever you are doing, start the day with a fresh and faceted perspective on how you move in the world. Spatial awareness. Gravity. Becoming the music. Fluidity. Community. Be prepared to move in your own 8 x 8 foot space and transform your world.|
Journaling in Nature
John Muir Laws
|Keeping an illustrated, observational journal is a centuries-old method that has been reenvisioned and refined through our understanding of neuroscience, learning and deliberate practice. A nature journal focuses our attention and crystalizes our observations, thoughts and experiences. This class will help you collect and organize your observations, questions, connections and explanations in a notebook using words, pictures and numbers. You do not need to be an artist or a naturalist. These skills can be learned by anyone and developed through practice. Journaling is creative, rigorous and playful. It is easy to begin and learn, and your work will grow and mature over a lifetime. Start now: you can do this, and the world is waiting.|
|12-1 p.m.||Nature Break||Grab a bite to eat, get a breath of fresh air, and take a break!|
Resilient by Nature: Reconnecting Health, Harmony and Regenerative Systems
Dr. Noémie Le Pertel
|Gain a deeper understanding of the research and benefits of regenerative systems and traditional practices, such as forest bathing, that rely on the healing power of nature for human health and sustainability. From food as medicine and behavioral health, to biophilic urban design and community engagement, this session will survey evidence-based practices to enhance your connection to nature for greater health, vitality and resilience – individually and collectively.|
Becoming You: Nature’s Way of Activating Your Authentic Self
Helen Krug von Nidda
|This interactive and joyful session will include an experiential coaching activity designed to help you activate positive emotions and connect to your authentic self. Using adult learning principles, the group will explore how to leverage natural surroundings to influence moods and feelings. Participants will leave equipped with simple strategies to tap into nature’s positive powers, even if you are far away from the next tree.|
Deepen Your Experience of Nature Through Flow Learning
Joseph Bharat Cornell
|Through experiential exercises, you will learn how to feel a vibrant sense of well-being in nature. You’ll gain strategies for living free from stress, as you enjoy nature’s simplicity and serenity and become aware of the vitality of the present moment. Flow Learning, developed by Joseph Cornell, has four enlivening stages: Awaken Enthusiasm and Energy, Focus Attention, Experience Directly, and Share Inspiration. Through deep nature play experiences, you will gain a greater sense of the wholeness of life.
This webinar will feature different nature awareness exercises you can use on campus and in natural areas. You will be able to download handouts for many of these exercises.
|4-4:50 p.m.||Panel Discussion||Join us as we hear from wellness partners such as the BeWell Gardens, O’Donohue Stanford Family Educational Farm, Stanford Outdoor Education, and Outdoor Afro, about the importance of nature and their programs’ resources.| | <urn:uuid:52bebcaf-5c9d-4f0c-b1ef-a50efb68d362> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bewell.stanford.edu/bewell-in-nature-may-27/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.906494 | 1,117 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Rather than God’s spirit moving upon the water, Jesus entered and sanctified the water with his very flesh
The phrase “portal of grace” doesn’t appear in the Catechism, but it’s how I’ve always thought of Baptism; we might call the sacrament “The First Ephphetha,” the first means by which we are opened to Christ and to the Christian life which, if it is lived fully and mindfully, must be a continual opening and re-opening, and then a widening to the Savior and to the workings of the Holy Spirit. When we chant with the psalmist “Open wide your mouth and I will fill it” we do well to remember that the same is true for our hearts and our souls. A portal opened to grace must not be blocked.
As much as Christ’s Nativity was “for all the people,” so was his baptism, for in that action was the baptism of the entire planet and everything ever to grow and live and be upon it. The entire earth became opened to the salvific action of Christ, through his baptismal immersion in the water. Saint Maximus of Turin tells us as much in the Office of Readings:
Christ is baptized, not to be made holy by the water, but to make the water holy, and by his cleansing to purify the waters which he touched. For the consecration of Christ involves a more significant consecration of the water.
Think of it. The water in your glass, the water in our oceans, the water you bathe your children in, the water that becomes vapor, collected in the clouds and then delivered back to us in the rain, is the same water than has been here from the very beginning — the very same water spoken of in Genesis, where “God’s spirit moved upon the face of the waters.” With Christ’s baptism, God no longer moved upon the face of the water, he was immersed within it — and not thoughtlessly, as a child playing in a river, but God-mindfully; with an intention to save. The whole body of Christ Jesus, intentionally submerged by John (by Christ’s command), enhanced and perhaps exceeded creation; rather than God’s spirit moving upon the face of things, God Incarnate — Emmanu-el — sanctified the water with his very flesh. And the water flowed, and it fed streams and animals and plants, and it rose, and it fell and it renewed the face of the earth in the most mystical of ways, because it was now, and forever more, holy water — literally touched by God, with an intention full of love and mercy. God particles, multiplied into infinity, and all around us, contained in all that grows and flows.
Think of that the next time you are walking amid the trees, and wondering why you feel so euphoric. From the ground, the trees have been fed by this water; they breathe with the air, through which this water has passed. They share God-particles, then, with the very sweat on your brow; the water in your bottle. Let that thought be the foundation of your prayer of thanksgiving.
Think of it the next time you put a compress to a feverish brow: the water has been made holy by Christ. Let that form the basis of your prayer of supplication.
Baptism: once the portal of grace is created — once this first “Ephphetha” has been called forth and we are opened — who is to say what God will do with that entrance-way, or how miraculously he will work his will, in his own way, which is not our way; in his own time, which is not a chronology that aligns with our mortal clocks or calendars, or our perspectives.
Read more: The challenging truth of Laudato Si’ | <urn:uuid:fe5c36b0-65e1-442a-9aaa-dd4289936de0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aleteia.org/2017/01/09/christ-is-baptized-not-to-be-made-holy-by-the-water-but-to-make-the-water-holy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.976632 | 819 | 2.515625 | 3 |
During the Reformation, England broke away from the Roman Church. Mary Tudor briefly reestablished the connection, but when Elizabeth came to the throne, she saw that it was politically expedient (and perhaps morally preferable) to uphold the reformed church and did so. Like her father before her, she headed the English church through an act of Parliament, although her private chapel services remained more Catholic than Protestant.
On this day, April 27, 1570, Pope Pius V issued a bull against her. He claimed that there was no salvation outside the Roman Church and that the pope alone was successor to Peter and head of the earthly church. The ungodly had grown in power and "Elizabeth, the pretended queen of England and the servant of crime, has assisted in this."
The pope went on to excommunicate Elizabeth. "...we do out of the fullness of our apostolic power declare the foresaid Elizabeth to be a heretic and favorer of heretics, and her adherents in the matters aforesaid to have incurred the sentence of excommunication and to be cut off from the unity of the body of Christ."
In his fourth point, he said "And moreover (we declare) her to be deprived of her pretended title to the aforesaid crown and of all lordship, dignity and privilege whatsoever."
He forbade all nobles, subjects and people to obey Elizabeth on pain of excommunication. This, of course, placed England's Catholics in a trying position. While most were loyal to the throne, some used the papal statement as an excuse to plot against Elizabeth for the purpose of replacing her with a Catholic. Elizabeth cracked down on these opponents with vigor. Innocent Catholics suffered alongside the guilty.
The bull concluded with the words, "Given at St. Peter's at Rome, on 27 April 1570 of the Incarnation; in the fifth year of our pontificate.
Elizabeth survived this blast and maintained high popular approval during much of her reign. She is admired by historians as one of England's greatest monarchs, and according to Thomas Fuller, was also admired by Pope Sixtus the Fifth.
- "Elizabeth I." The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. Edited by F. L. Cross and E. A. Livingstone. Oxford, 1997.
- Fuller, Thomas. "The Life of Queen Elizabeth." The Holy State and the Profane State, Volume II. New York: Columbia University Press, 1938; p. 312ff.
- Lataste, T. "Pope St. Pius V." The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton, 1914.
- Neale, J. E. Queen Elizabeth I. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1957.
- "Pope Pius V's Bull Against Elizabeth (1570)." http://tudorhistory.org/primary/papalbull.html.
- Various encyclopedia and internet articles on Elizabeth, Pius V and the excommunication.
Last updated May, 2007. | <urn:uuid:9cbbdabb-e913-492c-8818-bfade0c2a023> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.christianity.com/church/church-history/timeline/1501-1600/pius-v-excommunicated-queen-elizabeth-i-11630017.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00146-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951578 | 614 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Distance from Berkeley, CA to Napa, CA is 39Miles or 63 Km. You can get this distance about 51 mins. If you want to planning travel with plane for 30 Miles or 48 Km, You can get this distance about 33 mins .
A car with an average MPG will needs 1.81 gallons of gas to get the route between these points.
The estimated cost of gas to get between Berkeley, CA and Napa, CA is $4.11.
During the route, an average car will release 35.46 pounds of CO2 to the atmosphere. Your carbon footprint is 0.91 pounds of CO2 per mile.
* Average US MPG used for calculations is 21.6 MPG.
* Average US gas price used for calculation is 2.27 per gallon.
* Coordinates of Berkeley, CA is 37.8716404, -122.272756 and coordinates of Napa, CA is 38.2975434, -122.2868791 | <urn:uuid:016aa0bc-8d87-45fa-baf9-8ff3d46717c4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.distancebetweencities.net/berkeley_ca_and_napa_ca/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00071-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.898317 | 206 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Helen Lachs Ginsburg, an economist and leading authority on full employment, or what has been called a job guarantee, died on Oct. 8 in a hospital in Queens. She was 91.
Her family said she had multiple health problems.
Dr. Ginsburg had retired as a professor of economics at Brooklyn College, where she specialized in labor and social welfare. She studied the public policy’s ramifications of full employment in the United States as well as in Sweden, and she received several awards from the U.S. Department of Labor.
Full employment — defined as an economy in which anyone who wants a job can find one — has been part of the national conversation since the early 20th century.
President Franklin D. Roosevelt was a strong proponent of full employment during the Depression. His hiring programs, including the Works Progress Administration and the Civilian Conservation Corps, provided significant relief for many workers, but their temporary nature made them insufficient to achieve the long-term benefits that he had hoped for.
“Living-wage jobs as a right may seem unrealistic,” Dr. Ginsburg wrote in a 2011 article, “but so once did the right of all children to go to school, the right of women to vote and the abolition of slavery.”
Dr. Ginsburg was a founding member of the National Committee for Full Employment, which was led by Coretta Scott King as she carried on the quest for economic justice and equality begun by her husband, the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Dr. Ginsburg lectured around the country in the 1970s in support of the full employment legislation proposed by Augustus Hawkins, California’s first Black representative in Congress, and Senator Hubert H. Humphrey, Democrat of Minnesota.
The original legislation, intended to reduce inequality and poverty, would have provided a job for everyone who wanted to work. It was a forerunner of similar proposals today, including the federal job guarantee, a $15 minimum wage and the Green New Deal, which includes a right to living-wage work.
A watered-down version of the Humphrey-Hawkins bill was passed in 1978 and did not guarantee full employment. At that point, a disappointed Dr. Ginsburg began her study of Sweden’s successful, sustained full employment policy.
It led to her book, “Full Employment and Public Policy: The U.S. and Sweden” (1983), which inspired progressives to examine the Swedish model and try to adopt parts of it to the United States.
She also co-wrote, with two authors, a 1994 manifesto on full employment, “Jobs for All: A Plan for the Revitalization of America.” That work led to the creation of the National Jobs for All Coalition, now called the National Jobs for All Network, which promotes the idea that everyone capable of working has a right to a job. Dr. Ginsburg was a founding member.
“Helen Ginsburg was a model of a scholar-activist whose research and writing, always informed by her engagement in the struggle for economic justice, was an inspiration and impetus to all who carry on that struggle,” Gertrude Schaffner Goldberg, chair of the National Jobs for All Network, wrote in a tribute.
Helen Lachs was born on June 25, 1929, in the Bronx. Her father, William Lachs, was a haberdasher. Her mother, Anna (Riegelhaupt) Lachs, was a homemaker.
She grew up in Bayside, Queens, and received her undergraduate degree in economics from Queens College and a doctorate in economics from The New School.
She married Nathan Ginsburg in the mid-1950s. He survives her, as does her brother, Sherman Lachs. | <urn:uuid:37c40bb5-7607-4e20-b0df-ed9287df3de1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://amsnbc.com/helen-lachs-ginsburg-who-saw-a-living-wage-as-a-right-dies-at-91/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.979023 | 788 | 3.265625 | 3 |
Parenting isn’t easy and when you throw in trying to be more sustainable, things can get a little more complex – why?
Working full or part time can seem to leaves you time poor for things like baking your own bread, making your own moisturiser and riding or walking everywhere.
I have read several times on health and wellness bloggers who seem to make everything themselves that they have had burnt out. They have landed in a heap and have had to have a couple of weeks off – which makes me think, are we trying too hard to have it all when it can all be done in simple ways?
- You don’t have to go to the markets every Saturday when you can get your fruit and vegetables delivered to your house or to a central location. This gives you your weekend back to do what you want to do. Try harvesthub.com.au
- You can try to make your own skin cream but you can also buy your own from locally made, organic and fair-trade companies. Many of these companies have a small eco footprint due to the fact they produce in bulk – leaving less packaging behind. However, if you do want to make your own products aim for buying the ingredients in bulk to minimise extra waste. I’ve bought mine through Aussie soap supplies and The inspired Little Pot has some great ideas and products too.
- You can also make your own cleaning products – which I do on a regular basis and although the task is something I never want to do, it is something that can take me only ten minutes once the kids are asleep. I make my own dishwasher powder, washing liquid (washing machine), hand soap and different household cleaning sprays. I’ve chosen recipes that take minimal time and products that can be bought in bulk. Those ten minutes spent at home save me half an hour going to the shops for the same product!!
- Making food from scratch is fun – and should be something you should try to do instead of buying store bought, plastic wrapped snacks. And even better – buy your food in bulk from great places like The Source | <urn:uuid:e9fc0d21-6193-4ce4-af94-332a1dd1ba14> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://vanessaryanrendall.com/index.php/2018/02/07/sustainability-and-parenting/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.970228 | 430 | 1.804688 | 2 |
Confronting outbreaks of misinformation
Even with the abundance of scientific facts surrounding COVID-19, false information & confusion still persist, particularly on social media & other online platforms. Only 3 in 10 Kenyans feel adequately prepared to handle the disease in the event of infection. This knowledge gap has made many Kenyans hungry for information.
According to a recent report by Ajua in Kenya, 60% of Kenyans trust Television stations as a channel of communication regarding the CoronaVirus; while only 20% trust Social Media. The government therefore should take advantage of such a powerful platform to inform and educate the public with credible information during this time.
This communication needs to be frequent and up to date. If this doesn’t happen, many Kenyans will rely on social media for truth and the effects can be catastrophic.
Take India for example;
With 400 million Indians on WhatsApp, the platform has made it difficult to fight misinformation. Distorted truth about COVID-19 has been spreading like wildfire in groups & private chats. This has led to growing tensions and panic, which saw the country’s stock exchange plunge to its lowest in almost a decade. This led the Indian PM, Narendra Modi, to make a public appeal to all citizens to refrain from sharing rumors & unverified information.
India is not alone in this. Videos, Images & Texts of false information around COVID-19 have gone viral globally, to the extent that in countries such as Kenya, individuals found spreading propaganda are being arrested & persecuted. Most recently a popular blogger was fined KES. 50,000 by the Kenyan courts and banned from publishing any information regarding COVID-19 and its spread.
For a country like Kenya to effectively curb the spread of misinformation both local authorities and members of the public have a role to play. Apart from cracking down on individuals spreading false rumors in a timely manner, the government can also give regular updates through televised news conferences. This gives Kenyans confidence that the information they’re receiving is genuine.
Members of the public also need to consume social media content with a bit of skepticism, especially when originating from an unverified source. If unsure of the information received, they should refrain from sharing it with someone else.
If you would like to partner with Ajua for business insights and digital transformation during these uncertain times visit keepmoving.ajua.com and learn how to keep your business moving through the COVID-19 situation.
Ajua is Africa’s first Integrated Customer Experience company for businesses on the continent. We exist to bridge the gap between businesses and their customers. Ajua’s technology integrates with businesses at the points that matter most to their customers to measure and optimize their Customer Experience. Our plug and play platform has enabled leading brands of various sizes and industries on the continent to create actionable strategies that drive business growth.
Ajua officially rebranded from mSurvey on July 31st, 2019 to reflect our growth, ambition and African Identity in our corporate brand. | <urn:uuid:fa14b1d9-4250-45c1-b322-391e7201e488> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ajua.com/confronting-outbreaks-of-misinformation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.945889 | 627 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Unique in both scope and perspective, Calling for Change investigates the status of women within the Canadian legal profession ten years after the first national report on the subject was published by the Canadian Bar Association. Elizabeth Sheehy and Sheila McIntyre bring together essays that investigate a wide range of topics, from the status of women in law schools, the practising bar, and on the bench, to women's grassroots engagement with law and with female lawyers from the frontlines. Contributors not only reflect critically on the gains, losses, and barriers to change of the past decade, but also provide blueprints for political action. Academics, community activists, practitioners, law students, women litigants, and law society benchers and staff explore how egalitarian change is occurring and/or being impeded in their particular contexts. Each of these unique voices offers lessons from their individual, collective, and institutional efforts to confront and counter the interrelated forms of systemic inequality that compromise women's access to education and employment equity within legal institutions and, ultimately, to equal justice in Canada. | <urn:uuid:55a71300-6e48-4996-9174-b1f38f3f7441> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://press.uottawa.ca/calling-for-change.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718957.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00435-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949802 | 213 | 1.632813 | 2 |
CHICAGO (Reuters) – U.S. government scientists have begun efforts to manufacture a strain of the novel coronavirus that could be used in human challenge trials of vaccines, a controversial type of study in which healthy volunteers would be vaccinated and then intentionally infected with the virus, Reuters has learned.
The work is preliminary and such trials would not replace large-scale, Phase 3 trials such as those now under way in the United States testing experimental COVID-19 vaccines from Moderna Inc <MRNA.O> and Pfizer Inc <PFE.N>, according to a statement emailed to Reuters by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health.
U.S. officials organizing the fight against the pandemic have been under pressure from advocacy groups such as 1 Day Sooner and others that see challenge trials as a way to speed up tests of a COVID-19 vaccine. Most vaccine trials rely on inadvertent infection, which can take time to occur.
Some drugmakers, including AstraZeneca <AZN.L> and Johnson & Johnson <JNJ.N>, have said they would consider human challenge trials to test COVID-19 vaccines if needed.
“Should there be a need for human challenge studies to fully assess candidate vaccines or therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2, NIAID has begun investigations of the technical and ethical considerations of conducting human challenge studies,” the agency statement said.
That includes efforts to manufacture a suitable SARS-CoV-2 strain, draft a clinical protocol and identify resources that would be required to conduct such studies.
Small challenge studies would be done in small isolation units to control the virus. Larger challenge studies involving 100 people or so would have to be done in multiple locations, adding months of preparations to coordinate the studies.
Such trials are typically done when a virus is not widely circulating, which is not the case with COVID-19. Many scientists consider human challenge trials of the novel coronavirus unethical because there are no “rescue therapies” for those who fall ill.
Earlier this week, Johan Van Hoof, global vaccines chief for J&J, said in an interview with Reuters that the preparations for such trials are under way across the world, and the company is following those preparations.
Van Hoof said such trials would offer a testing option in case the virus stops circulating widely, but the company would only move forward with such trials if the ethical issues are resolved and an effective treatment is available.
Dr. Anna Durbin, a vaccine researcher at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, who has run a dozen challenge studies, estimates it could take nine to 12 months to set up a human challenge trial, and another six months to coordinate testing across multiple testing sites.
NIAID said it is continuing to prioritize field trials to evaluate SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates, but it opened the possibility to challenge trials for future generations of vaccines or treatments.
Dr. Dan Barouch, a vaccine researcher at Harvard’s Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, who helped design and conduct animal studies on J&J’s COVID-19 vaccine, said he is not aware of any manufacturers planning human challenge studies.
“In the setting of a pandemic that is raging, you don’t need it. You just do a trial and get a real result,” he said.
Moreover, vaccine trials would have to be done in healthy young people, said University of Maryland School of Medicine’s Dr. Kathleen Neuzil, co-leader of the Coronavirus Vaccine Prevention Network, which was formed by NIAID and is testing COVID-19 vaccines.
“A 20-year-old in a challenge study isn’t really going to give us the answer of will this vaccine keep an older person, someone with chronic kidney disease, from ending up in the hospital,” she said.
(Reporting by Julie Steenhuysen; Additional reporting by Francesco Guarascio in Brussels; editing by Peter Henderson and Leslie Adler) | <urn:uuid:9bbea60e-3c50-41ee-8efb-0f07bc92478a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.metro.us/exclusive-u-s-to-make/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.942651 | 867 | 2.671875 | 3 |
This year, the safest way to celebrate is to celebrate at home. COVID-19 cases are surging across the country, with hospitalizations and the daily death toll higher than ever before. Our hospital systems are under immense strain and experts predict things will worsen in the winter months. With this in mind, we urge you to rethink your usual holiday celebrations in order to save lives.
This year, staying home is the best way to protect yourself and others. Traveling, and gathering with friends and family who do not live with you, can increase the risk of getting and spreading the virus. So, how can we make the holidays special for our little ones without the merry gathering? We’ve got a few ideas!
Fun Ways to Celebrate At Home During COVID-19
Get festive with outdoor activities such as ice skating, christmas light viewing, or a nice hike. Just remember to keep your distance and wear your mask around others.
Exchange meals, gifts, and treats.
Give and receive your favorite holiday dishes, cookies, and gifts with friends and family via contactless drop-offs and pick-ups. Make your own or support a local small business.
Get creative with cooking and crafts.
Cook up that cozy feeling with homemade hot cocoa and festive cookies. You can bake a pie or build a gingerbread house. Need more ideas? Try making ornaments or holiday cards. Decorating the house together can also be fun.
Settle in for a movie marathon.
Cozy up by the fireplace, or build an epic blanket fort, and stream your favorite holiday flicks.
We hope these tips help you find ways to celebrate at home. Stay safe and healthy! We’re here if your child needs medical care. | <urn:uuid:4f4ba137-8a1e-45b0-b8a4-84f0e2246283> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pedsnow.com/celebrate-at-home-this-holiday/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.930664 | 366 | 1.875 | 2 |
"I never listened to this music in Brazil, but when you get here you feel a little bit homesick," says Sandro, a first-year business student at Fuqua. He heard about the Verde festa from Grupo Capoeira, the local Brazilian folkloric dance and martial arts collective he joined last fall.
Mestre Caxias, aka Alex Filadelfo, directs the capoeira classes offered at Beyond Fitness on 15-501 (across from the new Supertarget). He has been splitting his time between Durham and New York for the last five years now, assisted when he's away by Taturana (a capoeira name meaning "centipede"). A native of the "City of God" neighborhood that gave the recent film its name, Taturana says this highly gymnastic sport dating to colonial times is still common in the urban favelas of Rio.
"Capoeira is like soccer; it's the second most popular sport in Brazil." It looks a lot like breakdancing to the untrained eye, as dancers in loose pants do handstands, cartwheels and kicks that approximate mowing the grass--or shearing down one's enemies. As in hip hop, dancers improvise new styles as the art form evolves, and the discipline capoeira requires makes it more of a lifestyle or vocation than a hobby. "I've been training every day for 12 years, three or four times a day," says Taturana.
"In the old days, capoeira was only for men. Women in capoeira is new," says Filadelfo, who trains an impressive number of female students. Is it controversial? "No," says Filadelfo, explaining that women have always played a peripheral but key role in the survival of the practice, which was outlawed by colonial authorities in the 19th century. "Women used to stand in the circle and when the police would come, women would step in and do samba."
Though music initially helped camouflage the martial aspects of capoeira, it remains integral to the art form, says Filadelfo. Beginners in his classes "learn movement, music, and also Brazilian dances like samba and maculele." Capoeira uses three primary instruments: the berimbau (a rustic, one-stringed bass), atabaque (drum) and pandeiro. "This is all part of the Brazilian tradition. When we play the capoeira, we bring back the roots of our ancestors and we relieve stress."
The use of nicknames also dates back to the time when Afro-Brazilian slaves had to disguise capoeira's fighting moves and mental discipline as harmless diversion.
"When capoeira was outlawed in Brazil, they started going by nicknames so the police won't know your real identity," says Filadelfo. The tradition of secrecy continued until 1985, when Mestre Bimba performed openly for the Brazilian president and received permission to open the first national capoeira school.
Once a year, the new initiates are "baptized" and given a capoeira name. The next Batizado, slated for the week of April 10-15, will be a grand affair with workshops by visiting mestres from Europe and Brazil and a huge public party.
Class information is on the collective's Web site at www.duke.edu/~ga5/community.html.
Los Hombres Calientes & Bio Ritmo in Roanoke Los Hombres Calientes are the ultimate Caribbean hipsters. Performing Jan. 21 at the Jefferson Center in Roanoke, Va., veteran percussionist Bill Summers (who played with Herbie Hancock in the '70s) and trumpet virtuoso Irvin Mayfield stocked their touring band with young all-stars from the New Orleans jazz scene. Whereas their albums are jam-packed with short teaser tracks (as if to document every nascent idea), in concert Los Hombres Calientes reign supreme as kings of the long, well planned out descarga. The program was all Latin, with a Basin Street twist, deeply informed by the historical connections with Cuba, Brazil, Jamaica, Haiti and the Dominican Republic. It's no coincidence that Jelly Roll Morton gave jazz its blue note in New Orleans, with what he dubbed "the Spanish tinge."
Clave, the basis of Cuba's musica bailable, was almost a constant, but nobody danced, probably because they were just too busy listening. Some Latin jazz that leans on the dance repertoire can become formulaic, but not so here. They were laying down rhythmic combinations and 5/4 bars over, under and around the clave in ways nobody but the Cubans usually pull off this fearlessly. What's the secret of their tumbao? "It's the blues," says bassist David Palphus emphatically. Their sound is not a recipe of hybridized elements thrown into a pot and stirred; it's more like a map, a sub-Atlantic subway system or a time machine. As Mayfield puts it, he could not be cockier to be from New Orleans, "the northernmost Caribbean city."
Dancers didn't hold back at the after-party, hosted by Richmond salseros Bio Ritmo. Rei Alvarez was in good voice after a well-deserved vacation in Puerto Rico, following heavy gigging during the holidays. Fun new tunes like "Chuleta" are sounding polished, and bassist Cameron Ralston--who replaced Jonny Sullivan, with his punk fashions and synth pedals, over a year ago--is now locked solidly into the groove and throwing down some serious tumbao.
"He does some cool things with the harmonic changes, but it's subtle, you really have to listen for it," says Alvarez with approval. The all-important bassline tells the dancer when to move, so blessings are due upon the House of Ritmo for making this transition smoothly. Just the day before the Roanoke show, bass trombonist Stefan Demetriadis also left the band (by mutual arrangement), so the new year may bring more additions.
The Jefferson Center is an 883-seat hall with first class acoustics, beautifully renovated inside a historic school in Roanoke's downtown. Renting space to 19 other nonprofit tenants helps pay the bills, says director Janet Burrow, but they rely largely on private donors for institutional survival. (Burrow has some Triangle connections: Her daughter Amanda Phillips Burrow recently graduated from UNC-Public Health, and son-in-law Miguel Martinez is a local photographer with Hispanic media.) At least once a year the Center invites a big-name Latin star (last January it was Eddie Palmieri). Their next show is Dr. John on Feb. 9, and Wynton Marsalis plays a benefit on March 11. At a mere three hours' drive, jazz fans might want to add Roanoke to their excursion itinerary. Find them online at www.jeffcenter.org. Upcoming Live Music Feb. 4, 8 p.m. --Jack De Johnette Latin Project. Don't miss your chance to see Puerto Rican percussion prodigy Giovanni Hidalgo, along with Edsel Gomez, Luisito Quintero and others at Duke's Page Auditorium.
News for the Latin Beat? Email firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:6c363ddc-851a-4439-ba7d-1bf10117b2c6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.indyweek.com/indyweek/brazilian-night-at-cafe-verde/Content?oid=1194132 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00448-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951141 | 1,538 | 1.960938 | 2 |
The United States, Australia, and Israel were the only UN member states out of 193 to vote against the Palestinian Delegation being able to chair the upcoming Group of 77 meetings on Oct. 16.
Fifteen countries, including Canada, Honduras, and Poland, abstained from voting.
The remaining 146 countries voted in favor of the action, which will grant the Palestinian Delegation some official status and additional privileges at the assembly. The Palestinians will now be procedurally acting more like a full UN member state during the 2019 G77 meetings, among developing nation member states. China will also be in attendance.
#UNGA just voted in favor of #Palestine chairing group of 77 developing countries (#G77). 146 voting in favor of the resolution. #US, #Israel, and #Australia were only three to vote no. Fifteen abstentions. @Palestine_UN pic.twitter.com/8Aqxgn0XG9
— Michelle Lonnquist (@MMLonnqui) October 16, 2018
U.S. Ambassador to the UN, Nikki Haley, said that the UN should not have been able to grant the Palestinian Delegation “privileges” that are reserved for full-fledged members, according to a statement.
Haley added: “Today’s UN mistake undermines the prospects for peace by encouraging the illusion held by some Palestinian leaders that they can advance their goals without direct peace negotiations.”
“In fact, today’s vote does nothing to help the Palestinian people.”
U.S. Deputy U.N. Ambassador Jonathan Cohen echoed Haley’s stance, saying, “We cannot support efforts by the Palestinians to enhance their status outside of direct negotiations.”
The United States mission to the United Nations (USUN) stated in a press release on Oct. 16 that “the United States does not recognize a Palestinian state.”
USUN said the United States would continue to draw attention to the fact that the Palestinian Delegation was never admitted to the assembly as a UN Member State, and that the United States “does not believe that the Palestinians are eligible to be admitted as a UN Member State.”
The Palestinian Authority (PA), which represents Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza but not Palestinian refugees and Palestinian citizens of Israel, was voted into the United Nations General Assembly in 2012 with the status of an observer—similar to that granted to the Vatican. In 2013, the PA declared itself the “State of Palestine” in a decree signed by Mahmoud Abbas. As a non-member state, the Palestinian delegation can participate in some voting at the general assembly as well as join some international bodies. However, it cannot speak in meetings until all member states have spoken, according to diplomats.
Riyad Mansour, the Palestinian ambassador to the UN, thanked the assembly for granting his delegation the chair of the G77 plus China meetings.
“The State of Palestine will spare no effort to prove worthy of this trust in its capacity to represent and defend the interests of the Group of 77 and China, while also engaging constructively, and in an inclusive and transparent manner, with all partners, in order to advance cooperation and mutually beneficial agreements, for the common good of all humanity,” he said.
Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison had announced one day earlier on Oct. 15, that his government would be voting against the Palestinian Delegation’s bid to chair the G77 plus China meetings. At the same time, he announced that Australia was in the process of considering suggestions to recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and perhaps move its embassy there from Tel Aviv.
He said that the announcement was to give Australians and others a “much clearer picture” of his government’s position on related Middle East issues before the UN vote, adding that he stressed very strongly that Australia remained committed to a two-state solution in the Middle East. “Nothing has changed when it comes to the Government’s position on this matter,” he said.
He went on to expand on his government’s position on the Palestinian resolution: “We will be voting against that resolution because we don’t believe that conferring that status, especially at this time, would add to the cause of moving parties towards the two-state solution.”
“This is what we’re seeking to achieve,” he said.
Morrison said that following suggestions made to him in May by Australia’s former ambassador to Israel, Dave Sharma, he was remaining “open-minded” to new approaches that could move Israel and Palestine towards a two-state solution.
“Frankly, it hasn’t been going that well. Not a lot of progress has been made. And you don’t keep doing the same thing and expect different results,” Morrison said, according to the press release.
Morrison emphasized that the Australian government “made this decision without any reference to the United States.”
“It has not come up in any discussion I have had with the President or with officials,” he said. “Australia makes its decisions about its foreign policy independently. We do so in our own national interests, consistent with our own beliefs and our own values.”
Penny Wong, opposition leader in the Australian Senate, said that in her view, the prime minister’s announcement was a “desperate” attempt to gain Jewish votes in the upcoming Wentworth by-election on Oct. 20, a claim that Morrison strongly denies. “I think the point you overlook is that Australia has no control over when votes are scheduled in the United Nations General Assembly,” he said.
Palestinian Foreign Minister Riyad Maliki, who was attending solidarity events in Indonesia at the time, said Morrison’s statement was “very sad news.”
“Australia, by doing so, is risking trade and business relations with the rest of the world, particularly the Arab world and Muslim countries,” he said at a joint news conference with Indonesia’s foreign minister. “I hope Australia would reconsider that position before taking action.”
But Morrison played down concerns from the media about Australian-Indonesian trade relations, saying that he had personally briefed the Indonesian president Joko Widodo and was “very pleased with the response.”
The Australian Broadcast Corporation (ABC) reported an unnamed Indonesian official commented that the announcement could harm trade negotiations between the two countries. But Indonesia’s Trade Minister, Enggartiasto Lukita, told Reuters that there was “no such thing,” saying that it was likely the trade agreement was still on track to being signed this year.
Australian U.N. Ambassador Gillian Bird told the General Assembly, “Australia’s decision to vote no on this resolution reflects our long-standing position that Palestinian attempts to seek recognition as a state in international fora are deeply unhelpful to efforts towards a two-state solution.”
Israel’s UN deputy ambassador Noa Furman said that the vote had in effect given the Palestinian Delegation more rights than is necessary for it to chair the G77 plus China meetings. Furman said the resolution “clearly weakens and undermines the UN” and accused Ramallah, the Palestinian city in the West Bank, of a “pattern of manipulative behavior.”
The G77 was founded in 1964, with its member state nations being home to about 80 percent of the world’s population. Included are countries like South Africa, Cuba, Bosnia, Singapore, and Saudi Arabia, reported The Times of Israel.
With reporting by Reuters and The Associated Press | <urn:uuid:26bd1335-d6d5-4d30-b9a1-dc3556f80af4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theepochtimes.com/palestinian-delegation-granted-more-rights-at-un-g77-meetings-us-australia-israel-vote-no_2691962.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.970099 | 1,622 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Jose Francisco Benitez
Focuses on the interdisciplinary nature of the humanities with an emphasis on writing. Investigation of forms and methods the humanities employ to explore life's biggest questions. Team-taught lectures and discussion sections for freshmen. Offered: W.
"Violence, Myth, and Memory" is built around three popular films: Apocalypse Now: The Director's Cut (2001, orig. 1979), The Year of Living Dangerously (1982), and Fight For Us (1989). All were filmed in the Philippines. We will use these films as starting points to explore ideas of violence, narrative, and global modernity in U.S. relations with Viet Nam, the Philippines, and Indonesia. We will trace the ways in which these films evoke founding myths of Southeast Asian societies, regulate ethnic and religious tensions, and reflect anxieties about modernity. For Viet Nam, we will read Bao Ninh's The Sorrow of War to investigate celebrated stories of female courtesans who serve as metaphors for the beleaguered nation. We will read Jessica Hagedorn's novel Dream Jungle about two seemingly distinct events in the Philippines under Marcos: the discovery of a Stone Age tribe and the filming of Apocalypse Now. We will look at how colonial encounters (with both Spain and the U.S.) and the Catholic passion play serve as a complex founding myth for lowland Filipino society. Turning to Indonesia, we will see how the film and novel of The Year of Living Dangerously resemble a Javanese shadow play, with characters modeled on mythical images drawn from Indic Mahabharata stories. The movie and novel explore the U.S. and British involvement in the fall of Indonesia's first president Soekarno in 1965-66 and the violence that accompanied his fall.
Student learning goals
General method of instruction
Class assignments and grading | <urn:uuid:b7707bee-e5be-4e41-998c-4bd9a99d6f6b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.washington.edu/students/icd/S/centhum/202jfbb.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00289-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917435 | 376 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Check Welds in Process
In-process monitoring of welding operations to reduce the amount of destructive testing is more than a dream for one automobile seat manufacturer. Engineers at this Tier One supplier are looking at robotic cells that monitor the profiles of the signatures of key welding parameters. They hope that the ability to measure process variation reliably will allow them to control current, voltage, wire feed speed and gas flow more tightly and to test seats twice a week instead of once a day.
"At the end of the day, you really don't know the quality of the weld until you section it and look at grain structures or put it through shear and pull testing," says Mike Sharpe, product manager at Fanuc Robotics North America Inc. (Rochester Hills, MI), the builder supplying the welding cells. "Testing seats is expensive because you ruin a $40 to $100 assembly each time that you do it."
Fanuc Robotics has gone a step further to lessen the cost of doing so more than most other manufacturers of welding automation systems. Its engineers have developed a feedback and control scheme that exploits the latest generation of power supplies from Lincoln Electric Co. (Cleveland) and other manufacturers using microprocessor-controlled inverters. Fanuc's engineers have tapped the welding parameters that the power supplies collect and control in real time and tied it to the position of the torch's tip in space to create a signature of each parameter.
The scheme relies on three layers of software. At ground level, built-in microprocessors in Lincoln's Power Wave 455R and other similar power supplies monitor the arc physics and adjust welding parameters hundreds of Arial a second to maintain the desired arc forces and wave profiles in real time to improve performance. Arc length (voltage, in layman's terms) and current are at the heart of the control. In addition to ensuring the correct frequency and amplitude, the microprocessor uses these basic parameters to shape pulses and create a constant power output.
The second level of software, the Arc Data Monitor, overseeing Fanuc's ARC Mate 100i Model B robots, monitors all of the data, links each measurement with the robot tip's location in space and plots the measurements on a graph. Because a variety of configurable views display the feedback signals as functions of position, operators and engineers can pinpoint problem spots within a weld during inspection, troubleshooting and process improvement exercises. "The robot knows the exact position of voltage, current and other feedback measurements in space along the weld," says Sharpe.
Position is all
Relating welding parameters directly to position differentiates the Fanuc scheme from those of other vendors and makes it more precise, the company says. "Except for calculating power input, time really means nothing," says Sharpe. "Position is not always known in a time plot. For instance, most time-based software waits a predetermined amount of time for the arc to stabilize before it starts to move the torch. You don't know the point in the plot when it started moving."
Variations in velocity pose another problem with tracking welding parameters and position with time and trying to use time as the common variable to relate them. A weld or welding routine might consist of several inflection points at which velocity changes. If the robot moves the torch at 25 inches per minute initially and accelerates to 30 inches per minute along a section of thinner material, the variation introduces uncertainty into any interpolation calculations for linking welding parameters with the robot's position, according to Sharpe.
On the other hand, he says, signatures of welding parameters based on position are exact and useful for monitoring the quality of welds. Using the signatures is a matter of creating a good benchmark signature and looking for deviations from it during production. Software running in the robot's controller instructs the robot to take preprogrammed action--issue a warning, pause or stop--whenever one of the signatures exceeds the control limits. It also can upgrade that action when the parameter exceeds the limit for a specified amount of time.
Consider an application in which the current signature contains spikes that exceed the control limits for a short time. In this case, the initial action could be to issue a warning to the operator. "Even though a short-lived spike might occur, it does not necessarily mean that the weld is bad," Sharpe observes. "The power supply could be reacting to a condition in its environment to create a good weld." If the current were to exceed the limit for a longer time, then the controller could stop the robot and ask the operator to take corrective action.
For generating the benchmark signature and establishing control limits, Sharpe recommends a simple design of experiments for making representative good welds in a controlled environment and verifying their integrity through cross-section analyses and pull tests. He also suggests consulting the robot and welding equipment vendors for establishing control limits for the material, gas and wire composition.
A trained operator can scan the signature for clues about the problem. An erratic voltage signature with many spikes, for example, can denote a problem with gas or binding in the wire feeder. "Gas would cause voltage fluctuations because ionization of the gas is critical to the energy transfer," Sharpe explains. "Voltage would change from a sticking wire because a smooth, steady wire feed speed is necessary to keep the wire in the puddle."
A misfixtured part, for example, is a common reason for current to rise. Variation in the tip-to-work distance, whether from incorrect placement in a fixture or an excessive gap, can cause current to fluctuate, although power sources with microprocessor-controlled inverters can adjust the current to work correctly within a certain range. Thickness of the material could affect current readings too, but "it's unlikely that a variation [large enough to affect the signature noticeably] would get through the stamping or forming process, let alone fit in the welding fixtures," says Sharpe.
The third level of software in Fanuc's quality control scheme is its ARCworks PRO package for monitoring production and troubleshooting problems at the cell level.
Introduced in June, the PC-based software can supervise several robots from a cell controller. Not only can it report the production and status of the robots connected to it in real time, but it also has a utility for highlighting problem welds and comparing production data from different robots, welds, shifts or days.
"The PC software shines when logging events over long periods and performing historical analyses," claims Sharpe. "It can collect vast amounts of data from the robots and conduct inquires that require memory capacity that the robot's controller doesn't have. For example, it can compare welds on every Friday for the last 20 weeks. In a shop with two robotic welding cells producing the same part, the software also can collect data from both cells and determine that the limits don't match. If Cell B is not making the same quality parts as Cell A, then the software can flag the morning report so the production manager can check on it."
Sharpe adds that tallying downtime and fault data and creating action reports is one of the software's strengths. "The old way to get this information for the plant manager in time for the 6:30 a.m. meeting was for the production manager to walk around with his notepad looking at production reports and the downtime logs, assuming that the operator wrote everything down," he explains. "Because the ARCworks PRO package queries the robots for this information and tallies the data automatically, the production manager can retrieve a list from the computer at 6:20 a.m., instead of coming in at 4 a.m. to get the data and figuring out what happened the night before."
Even though Fanuc launched a commercial version of the software recently, the software has been running at a beta site making formed rails, bumpers and structural chassis for the automobile industry. Sharpe reports that the Tier One supplier has had success in pinpointing the quality problems with particular welds, workcells and operators. The data have helped the welding operations to make a number of improvements to the process. One outcome was training operators in welding techniques, loading work into fixtures, and checking and validating setups and welds. Others include redesigning the upstream forming processes, optimizing material flow through the factory and considering whether ordering more wire automatically through the company's enterprise resource planning (ERP) system will improve throughput when the supply runs low.
Wire old units too
For manufacturers wanting to monitor the power supplies and welding robots already in their factories, Chris Anderson, product manager at Motoman Inc. (West Carrollton, OH), recommends fitting the robots with root mean square (RMS) sensors and sending the feedback to third-party software packages for analysis. The most commonly used RMS sensor is a Hall-effect sensor, which is essentially a magnet with a hole to slip over a welding lead. The current flowing through it excites the magnetic field to create a voltage of corresponding magnitude to the current. Circuitry uses the RMS of the feedback signal to differentiate a short, fat pulse from a tall, skinny one, even though the average current is the same.
These sensors are much more accurate than the low-grade current and voltage meters built into conventional power supplies because the meters show average values and are filtered heavily, says Anderson. "Many of today's power supplies use pulsed current or voltage, so the average meters on the power supply are only a rough indication of what is happening at the arc," he says. "The accuracy of these meters are typically I1%, but can be off by as much as 5%." Such accuracy might be good enough for a welder dialing in process parameters, but it is too rough for bringing repeatability within six sigmas.
In addition to measuring current and voltage, a good feedback system also must track wire-feed speed and gas flow. "Although wire-feed speed is an important variable, operators often ignore it, mainly because the voltage and current meters built into power supplies don't measure it," says Anderson. "So it's just often not recorded. Nevertheless, it's worth monitoring because an incorrect speed can produce bad welds and be misdiagnosed as power source problems."
He suggests installing an external tachometer to measure wire-feed speed directly, instead of relying on tachometers in the feed motor. Many times, slippage and sticking can cause the wire to hesitate or feed incorrectly. An external sensor on the wire will detect these problems and help to differentiate them from a power supply problem, whereas a tachometer on the motor will not. When in doubt whether a voltage fluctuation is due to the power supply or the wire feeder, Anderson recommends inspecting the welding apparatus for resistance to the wire feed and signs of contamination or rubbing.
Measuring flow rates with a flow meter and inspecting the weld visually for porosity are the accepted methods of ensuring that the correct amount of gas reaches the welding zone. "Typical flow rates are about 35 cubic feet per hour," says Anderson. "As long as they are at that level + or - 5 cubic feet per hour, the process is usually all right." The caveat, though, is that flow meters are typically outside the welding cell. So the flow at the welding arc is assumed to be the same as that coming from the meter. The assumption is good if there are no leaks and nozzle is set correctly.
According to the Edison Welding Institute (Columbus, OH), a sampling rate of 4,000 hertz is necessary to analyze data for most applications, and a 400-hertz, low-pass filter should be used to minimize noise (EWI Report MR9806, April 20, 1998). "The same report says that gas flow, wire-feed speed and contact tip-to-work distance can be detected readily," says Anderson, "but that joint gaps and wire offsets from misalignment can't always be detected. Arc monitoring, therefore, is normally part of a quality control system and not the sole means of inspection."
Because post-welding inspection is necessary, Motoman sometimes specifies laser cameras from Servo Robot (Montreal) for making 2-D measurements on welds. "Their FlexCell system can profile the weld bead and compare the profile to limits for concavity and convexity, toe angle, undercut and leg size," says Anderson. An operator passes a camera over the weld using a handle apparatus and operator interface, or an inspection robot follows the seam to identify and document areas of nonconformity.
When installing welding cells that collect and act upon data from RMS Hall-effect sensors, tachometers and flow meters, Motoman often feeds that information into Arc Agent arc monitoring software from Impact Engineering Inc. (Jackson, MI). The software performs statistical analyses on welding data and compares the values to control limits and other properties of each signature. The values appear in yellow when they exceed warning limits and in red when they are outside process limits.
Arc Agent exports the arc data to Touch-A-Part from Enhanced Manufacturing Inc. (Clio, MI), a software developer with which Impact Engineering has a partnership. Running on a touch screen computer in the robotic workcell, Touch-A-Part imports the arc data from Arc Agent and displays a bit map of the part on the screen, highlighting the location of each weld. As the robot executes the welding routine, the box highlighting the weld turns green, yellow or red to indicate whether the welding process at that location was within or beyond control limits.
By showing the location of suspect welds on the part, Touch-A-Part converts the network of feedback sensors into a kind of inspection system. "Operators can focus their attention on visually inspecting the few locations highlighted yellow or red on the monitor, instead of looking at every weld," says Anderson. "With most generic statistical process control (SPC) packages in the past, people just wrote data to disk and did nothing with it. Because these SPC packages are written for welding, they change the situation by presenting data in a usable fashion so that the operator can react in real time and not have to wait for a report to come back hundreds of welds later."
Quality engineers can configure the software to comply with the company's ISO 9000 or QS-9000 procedures and allow the operator to confirm the criteria for nonconforming parts and corrective actions taken. The software also maintains a log of faults so that engineers and maintenance staff can review the data, including actual voltage or current traces, over any period of time for troubleshooting or determining whether the programs need refining or the equipment needs service.
Anderson recounts how a second manufacturer of automobile seats applies the monitoring software in its robotic workstations to supplement random sampling, part gaging and periodic destructive testing. "Automotive seats have 25 to 35 welds, so operators can become fatigued when inspecting every weld location visually," he says. "Highlighting a few suspect weld locations improves their concentration and the probability of detecting nonconforming welds."
Exploiting this form of feedback to concentrate the attention of operators on suspect welds is part of this seat manufacturer's response to the automakers' continuing demands for guarantees that parts are good and processes are capable within six sigmas. The conventional method left too many chances for bad welds to slip through the quality control barriers and needed too much expensive destructive testing. | <urn:uuid:42107f45-e0e4-4e12-85c3-84bd3f70392d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.qualitymag.com/articles/84223-check-welds-in-process | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00408-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928721 | 3,141 | 2.125 | 2 |
Video Analysis for NOSFERA TUE !
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NOSFERA TUE !
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To watch F.W. Murnau's "Nosferatu" (1922) is to seethe vampire movie before it had really seen itself. Here is the story of Dracula before it was buried alive in ...
Save 80% on Nosferatu: The Wrath of Malachi on Steam
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Nosferatu, a Symphony of Horror (Nosferatu, eine …
Critics Consensus: One of the silent era's most influential masterpieces, Nosferatu's eerie, gothic feel -- and a chilling performance from Max Shrek as the vampire ...
Nosferatu the Vampyre Movie Review (1979) | Roger Ebert
There is a quality to the color photography in Werner Herzog's "Nosferatu the Vampyre" that seeps into your bones. It would be inadequate to call it "saturated." It ...
Nosferatu - Directed by F.W. Murnau
Includes cast/crew information, review, synopsis, background, pictures and sounds.
Nosferatu (wrestler) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nosferatu (born September 17, 1979) is a Mexican luchador enmascarado, or masked professional wrestler, working for the Mexican professional wrestling promotion ...
Nosferatu - Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines Wiki
The Nosferatu are one of seven playable clans in Vampire: The Masquerade - Bloodlines. The damnedest of the damned, the Nosferatu are disfigured and have a ...
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Great Lakes Nosferatu is a American Amber / Red Ale style beer brewed by Great Lakes Brewing Co. in Cleveland, OH. 91 out of 100 with 856 ratings, reviews and …
Nosferatu (VTM) - White Wolf Wiki - World of Darkness ...
Clan Nosferatu c. 1197-1242. In the middle age, Nosferatu were one of the Low Clans, and notable in particular for their embrace of Christianity and redemption ...
Nosferatu: Phantom der Nacht (Nosferatu the Vampyre)
For Werner Herzog's 1979 remake of F.W. Murnau's classic 1922 silent horror-fest Nosferatu, star Klaus Kinski adopts the same makeup style used by Murnau's …
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Amazon.com: Nosferatu (1922) (Silent): Max Schreck, …
Video embedded · Amazon.com: Nosferatu (1922) (Silent): Max Schreck, Gustav von Wangenheim, F.W. Murnau, Synergy Entertainment: Amazon Digital Services , Inc.
Nosferatu | Facebook
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There are numerous versions of F.W. Murnau's 1922 vampire movie Nosferatu out on video. It is difficult, however, to imagine anyone being able to improve ...
- Show More | <urn:uuid:a3509994-9c90-4adc-a836-6b3eda51cbd0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.vimeoinfo.com/video/39433/nosfera-tue | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00328-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.716879 | 1,206 | 1.867188 | 2 |
First-ever Indo-U.S. collaboration for climate research sets stage for future joint scientific endeavors
On March 31, the ARM Mobile Facility stationed at Nainital, India, completed its 9-month deployment for the Ganges Valley Aerosol Experiment (GVAX). This campaign was the first Indo-U.S. collaborative project to obtain continuous measurements of atmospheric state, energy budgets, clouds, and aerosol properties within India. These data will allow researchers to study aerosol effects in the region, and whether they might be drying up clouds that provide moisture to the Ganges River, which millions of people rely on every day.
Working closely with colleagues from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) and from the Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), AMF1 operations started in June 2011. While some technical challenges were encountered, the AMF gathered a comprehensive set of measurements during pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon periods in the central Gangetic plain.
Shortly before the campaign’s conclusion, researchers involved in GVAX presented preliminary results at the Atmospheric System Research Science Team Meeting in Crystal City, Virginia. Highlights included measurements of the subtropical jetstream over the Ganges Valley region; cloud cover and cloud heights for the monsoon period; and water vapor profiles through the various seasons.
In addition, aerosol instruments captured measurements of aerosol optical depth ranging between 0.1 and 0.7, as well as frequent events that included large particles and aerosols with absorption properties lower than anticipated. Specifically, measurements from Doppler and micropulse lidars indicate that aerosol distribution could be much more localized than previously assumed and also confined to thin layers of a few hundred meters in the lower atmosphere.
“Most models either assume uniform distribution of aerosols in the lower part of the atmosphere or that all the aerosols are above the atmospheric boundary layer with a smooth decay,” said Rao Kotamarthi, principal investigator for the study from Argonne National Laboratory. “In addition, most ground-based measurements provide a column abundance of aerosols with very few details about the vertical distribution of the aerosols that would produce localized heating of the atmosphere. We now have data that show significantly distinct heating profiles from aerosols in the atmosphere.”
Thorough analysis of the data will occur in the coming years by the research teams in India and the United States. Meanwhile, the AMF returns to the United States after many years supporting field campaigns abroad. Its next deployment is at Cape Cod National Seashore in Massachusetts for the Two-Column Aerosol Campaign, or TCAP, scheduled to begin in July. | <urn:uuid:25cc61be-d721-4cb1-8baa-9367245b6c4c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.arm.gov/news/features/post/17846 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00345-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932336 | 553 | 3.03125 | 3 |
The Dustland Archipelago
Pronunciation: Ah-BAH-luss vahs-TEE-tas
Term for People: Ablian, Dustlander
Names for Groups: Phalanx, Nisos, Cohort, Lochos
Masks: Gladiator Helmets, Stiffened linen masks, Ceramic masks, Drama Masks: Thalia & Melpomene
Most Popular Event: Nythian Games
It is said that Abalus Vastitas is the land of Gods, where deities have many names or faces – upon meeting a stranger, you have as much chance of confronting a deity as you might a hierodule. Most Ablians choose a Patron God to worship and dedicate shrines to, with much of their wealth upholding grand dilapidated temples, decrepit art and centuries of tradition.
For glory and catharsis, an Ablian will do anything. Riches and ownership mean nothing here – hoarding is punished. Only those that can touch true greatness, even a momentary one, are written in the stars. Gladiators, Craftsmen and Philosophers vie for splendour with peers, Hierophants specialise in sacrificial rituals and Bandit Cohorts are a regular occurrence. Elemental magics are not prized and are often chalked up to be the minor blessings of Demi-Gods – a drachma a dozen, as far as a Dustlander is concerned.
The majority of Ablian city-states are ruled by a Triumvirate – The Centurion, The Senator and The High Priest. Each Nisos, or island, has its own way of conducting affairs – and wars are commonplace and fierce between the different cities, seeking glory and the blessings of the gods for their victories. An individual has a far higher chance of being a collateral bloodstain than achieving the Gods’ Glory, and yet, ever the Ablians strive upward. | <urn:uuid:caee54a0-8f61-433b-a487-523de7666aae> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://originlrp.co.uk/abalus-vastitas/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.925067 | 409 | 1.828125 | 2 |
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Canada WideAboriginal Self-Government in Canada
#153; RETURN TO INDEX PAGE This document may not be copied. It is published in Visions of the Heart: Aboriginal Issues in Canada. Ed. D. Long and O.P. Dickason. Toronto: HarcourtBrace. 1999. ...
Canadian Republic Online
Free Web site hosting - Freeservers.com • Web Hosting - GlobalServers.com A website promoting the creation of a Canadian Republic/ est. February 2002 "We have planted the Standard of Liberty in ...
Democratic Rules of Order
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Google Groups - can.gov.general
Google Groups allows you to create and participate in online forums and email-based groups with a rich experience for community conversations.
United Nations Association in Canada
International (Canadian content)Government Finance Officers Association
Government Finance Officers Association - professional association of state/provincial and local finance officers dedicated to the sound management of government financial resources. Includes ...
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Home page of the Institute for Electronic Government/
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Institute for Research on Public Policy Français Research Policy Options Events Support Us New publication Ethnocultural Community Organizations and Immigrant Integration in Canada IRPP ...
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Canada > Government | <urn:uuid:b6de04a4-47cc-48f2-8c4d-38e80ef563a4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://listingsca.com/government/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00114-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.782824 | 285 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Discussion in 'OT Technology' started by psykosis, Oct 10, 2005.
It's for my stepson to work on websites for his tech class. Any suggestions?
notepad works well
vi, emacs too!
You can use notepad or Microsoft Word.
Notepad should work fine. Take a look at some of the notepad alternatives at download.com. They have some extra features that generally make it easier to use.
Edit Plus ... http://www.editplus.com/
I like TextPad
May as well learn to use a real editor.
Emacs ftw. But some folks I work with swear by HTML-Kit: http://www.chami.com/html-kit/
I use this HTML editor myself and I find it quite useful.. its a good program to mess around with. I'm sure your son would like it... its called CoffeeCup Free HTML Editor. Here is a direct download of the software:
crimson editor > this thread
he's using HTML-kit, and it's working great...
Textpad works wonders for HTML, it has highlighting and all that other great stuff for .htm and .html files, it even goes as far as php in some cases, definitely textpad (project saving as well as single file saving too!) | <urn:uuid:248882ef-fc75-42ab-a175-67967b68bece> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.offtopic.com/threads/need-a-free-user-friendly-html-editor.2085781/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00088-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933613 | 274 | 2.3125 | 2 |
Trolling for Hitler
Trolling for Hitler
Social Media is amazing. You can connect with friends and strangers hundreds of miles away. You can become a part of (un)important conversations, and pump your ideas into the interwebs.
As awesome as social media can be it’s not all kumbaya, hearts, and flowers. Ideally it’s a nurturing, supportive environment where people can come together for the common good. Many online forums are places of lively debate, but those debates often take a sinister turn. What is the cause of this dark cloud on the net, raining on everyone’s parade? Internet trolls.
So what is an internet troll?
In Internet slang, a “troll” is a person who sows discord on the Internet by starting arguments or upsetting people, by posting inflammatory, extraneous, or off-topic messages in an online community (such as a forum, chat room, or blog) with the deliberate intent of provoking readers into an emotional response or of otherwise disrupting normal on-topic discussion.
This sense of the word “troll” and its associated verb “trolling” are associated with Internet discourse, but have been used more widely. Media attention in recent years has equated trolling with online harassment.
The Shoot Trolls Don’t They?
It has often been said that internet trolls are disturbed, there is now a study that backs it up. According to a study conducted by researchers at University of Manitoba, people who troll on the internet are pretty fucked up in real life.
The study shows that trolls’ personalities fall into a Dark Tetrad: Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and sadism. Yikes!
There are a lot of tools in a troll’s arsenal and racism seems to be a favorite. There’s nothing like browsing the comments section on almost any website to see just how far we have come in this “post-racial” society. Even if you don’t feed the trolls, the sting of the words can often still resonate.
Some like to dismiss Internet racism, claiming it’s less harmful because it is said in a virtual atmosphere. We Stalecake-ians beg to differ. Internet racism in some ways is worse because anonymity of the internet seems to bring out the worst in some people. You don’t have to be Donald Sterling to know that a little anonymity can go a long way if you have racist views.
Take a look at a message board to see how internet anonymity can bring out oblivious anger in people.
Godwin’s law (or Godwin’s Rule of Nazi Analogies) is an Internet adage asserting that “As an online discussion grows longer, the probability of a comparison involving Nazis or Hitler approaches 1” – that is, if an online discussion (regardless of topic or scope) goes on long enough, sooner or later someone will compare someone or something to Hitler or Nazism.
These angry commenters frequently haven’t even bothered to read the article in question, but they impatiently demand to be heard.
Contrary to our comic, please do NOT adhere to Godwin’s law when you are online (especially if you are commenting here!) You are more likely to be heard, but not listened to. Much like the mythological creatures that they are named after, internet trolls are dumbasses. | <urn:uuid:eed4fcb3-b23e-448e-8be2-49e71dcebde8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stalecakecomic.com/comic/trolling-for-hitler/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.92566 | 721 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Unless you never have to log onto a computer or enter a user name / password in a web site then I guess you’ve never had to remember a password recently. You might have needed one for your locker at school though. And if you use an ATM card you need a password for that as well.
However, for so many of us you have multiple passwords for multiple web sites and network resources. DO NOT write it down. If you write it down, not only can you read it but so can others who should not have your password.
CNN writesA study released Tuesday by global research firms Nucleus Research and KnowledgeStorm found companies’ attempts to tighten information technology (IT) security by regularly changing passwords and making them more complex by adding numbers as well as letters had no impact on security.
Staff still had a tendency to jot down passwords for systems designed by such firms as McAfee (Charts) and CA, Inc (Charts)., on a piece of paper or in a text file on a PC or mobile device.
“This is really a lot like mom and dad buying a great new security system for the house and junior leaving the combination under the door mat,” David O’Connell, senior analyst at Nucleus Research, told Reuters.
The Solution: Try to have as few passwords as possible and maybe have a system of 3 – 4 passwords used for varying levels of security. One for banking, one for your job, one for gaming sites – something like that.
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National Study Shows Magnesium Sulfate Reduces Risk of Cerebral Palsy in Premature Births
Northwestern Memorial Hospital one of 18 centers involved in 10-year study
CHICAGO, August 27, 2008 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- Results of a 10-year study published in the August 28 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine found that magnesium sulfate administered to women delivering before 32 weeks of gestation reduced the risk of cerebral palsy by 50 percent. The Beneficial Effects of Antenatal Magnesium Sulfate (BEAM) trial was conducted in 18 centers in the U.S., including Northwestern Memorial, and is the first prenatal intervention ever found to reduce the instance of cerebral palsy related to premature birth.
Magnesium sulfate is traditionally used in obstetrics to stop premature labor and prevent seizures in women with hypertension. The BEAM trial studied the link between magnesium sulfate and cerebral palsy by identifying 2,240 women who were likely to give birth more than two months premature. Half of the women intravenously received magnesium sulfate while the other half received a placebo. Children born to the women in the study were examined at two-years-old, and results found that the children in the magnesium group were 50 percent less likely to develop cerebral palsy compared to children in the placebo group.
"This is a substantial breakthrough in maternal fetal medicine that could positively impact the health of thousands of babies," said Alan Peaceman, MD, chair of the Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine at Northwestern Memorial Hospital, professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Feinberg School of Medicine, and an investigator in the study. "After 10 years of studying the effects of magnesium sulfate, it has proven to be a successful method of reducing the outcome of cerebral palsy in premature births."
Cerebral palsy is a group of neurological disorders that appears in infancy or early childhood and permanently affects body movement and muscle coordination. In the U.S., two to three children in 1,000 are affected with cerebral palsy, and about 800,000 children and adults of all ages have the disorder, which is caused by damage in parts of the brain that control muscle movements.
The most common form of cerebral palsy is congenital, resulting from intra-uterine brain injury and accounting for approximately 70 percent of cases. Although there is no direct cause of the disorder, risk factors including premature birth and low birth weight are directly correlated to instances of cerebral palsy.
"Based on results of the study, in the future it is possible that women at risk of prematurely giving birth could proactively receive magnesium sulfate to reduce their child's chances of developing cerebral palsy," adds Dr. Peaceman. "With additional research, it is possible that in the next few years this will be a standard of care."
About Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Northwestern Memorial Hospital is one of the country's premier academic medical centers and is the primary teaching hospital of the Feinberg School of Medicine. Along with its Prentice Women's Hospital and Stone Institute of Psychiatry, the hospital comprises 897 beds, 1,424 affiliated physicians and 6,464 employees. Northwestern Memorial is recognized for providing exemplary patient care and state-of-the art advancements in the areas of cardiovascular care; women's health; oncology; neurology and neurosurgery; solid organ and soft tissue transplants and orthopaedics.
Northwestern Memorial possesses nursing Magnet Status, the nation's highest recognition for patient care and nursing excellence, and it is listed in 10 clinical specialties in U.S. News & World Report's 2008 "America's Best Hospitals" guide. For seven years running, it has been rated among the "100 Best Companies for Working Mothers" guide by Working Mother magazine. The hospital is a repeat recipient of the prestigious National Quality Health Care Award and for more than a decade has been chosen by Chicagoans as their "most preferred hospital" according to the National Research Corporation's annual survey.
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Posted: August 2008 | <urn:uuid:fd3d9b1c-37f8-4bab-a172-d33513c718a3> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.drugs.com/clinical_trials/national-study-shows-magnesium-sulfate-reduces-risk-cerebral-palsy-premature-births-5368.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988722951.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183842-00210-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946535 | 905 | 2.53125 | 3 |
As some academics and court watchers wonder whether Judge Sonia Sotomayor is a first-rate intellect or a legal visionary, I couldn't help but think back to Franklin Roosevelt's selection of Wiley Rutledge for the Supreme Court in 1943. Few analogies are perfect, but consider some similarities. Rutledge, like Sotomayor, was a sitting judge on the federal court of appeals. Although he served on the D.C. Circuit, he spent many years West of the Mississippi and was touted as a diversity candidate—i.e., he would improve geographic diversity to the Supreme Court. Additionally, Rutledge found himself pitted against other candidates, most notably Learned Hand, with strong advocates (including Felix Frankfurter) hoping for a brilliant addition to the High Court.
Supporters of Rutledge, including Francis Biddle, needed to counter Learned Hand's stellar legal bona fides. They made three arguments to Roosevelt and others. First, at 71, Learned Hand was too old to have a significant impact on the Supreme Court. Beyond presidential legacy, some also argued that appointing a someone advanced in years exposed FDR to charges of hypocrisy after his court-packing initiative.
Second, Rutledge had the chops to do the Court's business. A memorandum by Herbert Wechsler arranged by Biddle argued that Rutledge's legal opinions were sometimes overwritten, but nevertheless demonstrated a "soundness of judgment, a searching mind, a properly progressive approach to legal issues."
Third, as John Ferren recounts, Rutledge came to be perceived as a "trusty liberal." What, exactly, did that mean? The obvious part is that he would not wreck the New Deal, something Wechsler pointed out. But I think it meant something more to liberals within the administration hoping to make more inroads on questions of civil rights and liberties. Wechsler pointed out "civil liberty problems" among those Rutledge handled as a judge, and concluded that "his work leaves no room for doubt that these values are safe in his hands." Biddle described Rutledge as "a liberal who would stand up for human rights, particularly during a war when they were apt to be forgotten."
Today Rutledge is never mentioned in the same breath as Cardozo, Brandeis, or Holmes. But consider what he achieved in his six years on the Court. Rutledge authored Thomas v. Collins, an overlooked decision involving union organizing that provided an important link between the solitary speaker model of free expression and the group advocacy model that we now recognize. He voted to overrule Gobitis. On those occasions Robert Jackson or Hugo Black preferred a narrower reading of the First Amendment, such as Jones v. City of Opelika or Terminiello v. Chicago, Rutledge often provided an important vote for free speech protections. He authored Kotteakos v. U.S., which helped define "harmless error" review in criminal appeals involving non-constitutional claims. Rutledge dissented in Everson v. Board of Education, arguing that the Establishment Clause forbade public funds to be spent on transporting children to parochial schools. However, he joined Black's majority opinion in Korematsu v. U.S. upholding the wartime internment of persons of Japanese ancestry. | <urn:uuid:a591adb0-5bcc-4d38-8876-d568907c1150> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://eloquenceandreason.blogspot.com/2009/06/will-sotomayor-be-new-rutledge.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00199-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966907 | 663 | 2.625 | 3 |
view a plan
Art, Computers & Internet, Language Arts, Social Studies
9, 10, 11, 12
Title – Digital Storytelling
By – Jennifer Henson
Primary Subject – Language Arts
Secondary Subjects – Computers / Internet, Social Studies, Art
Grade Level – 9-12
NCTE/IRA English Lanuage Arts Standards Addressed:
4. Students adjust their use of spoken, written, and visual language (e.g., conventions, style, vocabulary) to communicate effectively with a variety of audiences and for different purposes.
5. Students employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately to communicate with different audiences for a variety of purposes.
8. Students use a variety of technological and information resources (e.g., libraries, databases, computer networks, video) to gather and synthesize information and to create and communicate knowledge.
12. Students use spoken, written, and visual language to accomplish their own purposes (e.g., for learning, enjoyment, persuasion, and the exchange of information).
To encourage students to use electronic media to tell a personal story in a creative way.
- One class period to define digital storytelling and show examples
- One week out of class for students to gather materials
- One week in and/or out of class for students to prepare final reports
- Students will be able to describe the three major concepts of a digital story discussed in class.
- Students will create a story that is structured with a beginning, middle, and end.
- Students will use a range of media, such as sound, animations, photos, and text to tell a story.
- Students will ensure that their media work together to convey the plot and emotion of the story.
- Students will demonstrate the ability to express a personal experience using media technology.
- Mac or PC with appropriate digital storytelling program, such as Photo Story 3 for Windows or iPhoto for Mac
- Personal collection of digital photographs or digital camera
- Access to public domain or personally created music
- Introduce the concept of digital storytelling and show students several examples of digital stories.
- Create and share your own story
- Ensure that you understand the specific definition of a digital story and that you have reviewed several samples.
- Outline a concept for a digital story. You may wish to review your image bank to see if you can build something from existing images. Alternately, you may wish to create a concept, and then take photographs to build your story.
- Determine whether you will include animations, voice over, or background music.
- Ensure that anything you use in your story, whether it be a photo, animation, music, or audio, is not copyright protected.
- Put your digital story together and ensure that it is cohesive.
- Save your story in a format that we can share with the class and across Mac/PC platforms.
Plan for Independent Practice:
- This activity is designed for students to work independently.
- The students’ mission is to tell a story that is based on a personal experience.
- Students are expected to work independently, both in creating a topic and in conveying the circumstances and emotion of the experience.
Describe in a short essay the process you used to create this story, using the following questions as a guide:
- Did you stick with your original plan when creating your story, or did it change and evolve?
- Describe the art of digital storytelling.
- Describe any personal epiphanies or experiences you had while creating your digital story.
- Describe how abstract symbols might be used to tell a story, rather than concrete representations.
Students will be awarded a maximum of 20 points for fully addressing each of the specific outcomes provided above.
- This activity is ideally suited for visual learners.
- For students who are not accustomed to expressing themselves visually, you may wish to have them create an outline and submit it to you in advance.
- Review the outline to ensure that they understand the important role of using visuals instead of text in this assignment.
Social Studies – Create a digital story that describes a popular event in history using personal portraits or images taken from your life.
E-Mail Jennifer Henson ! | <urn:uuid:54bd06b8-4d65-49ac-9335-84d64b2e6814> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://lessonplanspage.com/lacissmusicartmddigitalstorytelling912-htm/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00531-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.88459 | 881 | 3.828125 | 4 |
On a day just like any other school day, Zane was sitting at the school bus stop, waiting for the bus that would take him home. Usually Zane was in a good mood while he waited for the bus because he was looking forward to playing with his dog and talking to his moms about his day.
Zane wasn’t happy today. Tear stains still covered his face, even though he had tried to wipe them off at the end of school. He was thinking about what had happened that day at recess. Some of Zane’s classmates had been talking about their families and how many brothers and sisters they had. Zane told them about his moms and their dog, Lucy.
“Two moms can’t get married,” Sam had said. “My dad told me that’s illegal!” Many of the other kids had agreed.
“But my moms are married,” Zane had tried to explain. “They had a ceremony and everything.”
Sam said, “My dad says that’s against the law, and two moms can’t do that.” Kelly nodded and said, “That’s what my mom and dad said too when I asked them.”
Zane was sad and confused by what his classmates had said to him. He knew that if a person did something to break the law, they could get in trouble. He was pretty sure that his moms were good people—they loved him and cared for him—so why would they break rules that would get them in trouble? As he sat on the bus, Zane was imagining police cars racing down his street to take away his moms from him because they had broken the law by getting married.
Has something like this ever happened to you? Maybe it’s happened to one of your friends. It can be so scary to think that your family might be illegal. But the truth is that a family with two moms or two dads is not breaking any rules. It’s not illegal. The other kids in Zane’s class are confused, and now Zane is confused, too. Zane is upset because he thinks that his moms are married illegally. He’s afraid that they will get in trouble, and maybe the police will come get them.
What can you do if someone at school tells you that your family is illegal? How could you help a friend who was confused about families with two moms or two dads? The first thing is to understand why some kids (and even some adults!) might be confused.
When two people are married to each other, it means that they want to live together and share their lives with each other for a very long time. Sometimes it means that they want to have kids together and raise a family.
Some people think that the word “marriage” can only mean the commitment between a man and a woman. But many other people think that “marriage” can mean commitment between any two people who love each other and want to share their lives for a long time.
When two people get married, the government helps them in a lot of ways. Sometimes the government makes it less expensive for someone in the family to go to the doctor when he or she is sick. Sometimes they can make it easier for the two married people to buy a house together. Sometimes they make it easier for them to have children or to adopt children if that’s what they want to do. These good things that help married people be together, or raise a family, are called “benefits.”
In most places, the government only gives these benefits to a man and a woman who get married to each other. In these places, two men or two women who get married do not get these benefits from the government. This is what people mean when they say that it’s not “legal” for two women or two men to get married in those places. It means that they can’t get benefits from the government. In the United States, and in many other countries, it doesn’t mean that they are breaking the rules, or that they could get in trouble for loving each other, or wanting to share their lives for a long time, or raising a family together.
In some countries (like Canada and Norway) and a some states in the United States, two men or two women can receive these kinds of benefits, or good things to help them raise a family, when they get married to one another. In many other states and countries around the world, people are working to change the laws so that they are fair for all families. They want the government to help all families equally.
So what if someone tells you or a friend that families with two moms or two dads aren’t legal? What could you do or say?
The first thing is to tell yourself, or your friend, that your moms or your dads are not going to get in trouble because they are married. They are not breaking any rules because they love each other and are raising a family together.
It might be true that the government where you live does not give families with two moms or two dads the same benefits that it gives families with a mom and a dad. But your moms or dads, or your friend’s parents, are having a terrific family without those benefits, and nobody can take that away from them or from you.
Next, you might want to get some help from a grown-up. You can always talk to your moms or dads to get help understanding what’s true about marriage and the government where you live. If you’re at school, you could ask for help from a teacher. No matter what people think is true about families, it’s not okay for anybody to say mean things to you at school.
There might be some things you can do at school, if you want to, to make sure that your school is a fair place for all families. This is something you can talk about with your parents, your teachers, and your friends. It’s also okay if you just want people to leave you alone about your family.
No matter what you choose to do, the most important thing of all is to know inside that your parents love each other and you and that no one can take that away.
Like this article? Read one of our original stories. They all feature kids with LGBT-headed families. | <urn:uuid:4cf3fc64-cc9c-48e4-ad2f-5aa65ff30f1e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.rainbowrumpus.org/what-does-marriage-mean/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00405-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988782 | 1,343 | 2.75 | 3 |
This chapter describes a small case study of differentiated instruction and inclusive design practices during a COVID-19-forced migration to online learning at a university in Hong Kong. Fourteen higher education instructors were interviewed, and their responses analysed thematically. The participants reported that they felt overwhelmed with the workload to consider differentiated instruction initially; their sole focus was on delivering an online teacher-centred class. As they become more confident and familiar with a range of technologies, they started to differentiate instruction. They used student response systems to facilitate learning and focused on engaging learners in smaller groups. Their experiences suggest ways to facilitate differentiated instruction and design inclusive online classes in the higher education sector.
|Title of host publication||Handbook of digital higher education|
|Editors||Rhona Sharpe, Sue Bennett, Tünde Varga-Atkins|
|Publisher||Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.|
|Number of pages||13|
|Publication status||Published - 10 Jun 2022| | <urn:uuid:8dff26ae-87a8-4817-8977-ada1356ef8e5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://scholars.hkbu.edu.hk/en/publications/higher-education-instructors-inclusive-design-practices-during-co | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.891895 | 256 | 2.625 | 3 |
SALEM, Oregon — A man has been arrested in Oregon after police say he used counterfeit cash to purchase Girl Scout cookies.
The Salem Police Department said it responded to two different calls in mid-February from local Girl Scout troops who reported receiving counterfeit U.S. currency on separate occasions while selling cookies outside a Walmart.
In each instance, the suspect allegedly used a counterfeit $20 bill to buy a box of Girl Scout cookies and was given legitimate currency in change. The Girl Scout troops recognized the money as fake and called 911, police said.
Police were able to identify the suspect -- 36-year-old Camden Ducharme of Salem, Oregon -- through video surveillance and with the assistance of Walmart security officers.
The security guards recognized Ducharme when he returned to the store on Sunday and contacted police. The responding officers took the suspect into custody, according to police.
"We want to thank the victim for making the report and providing such a good description of Ducharme," the Salem Police Department said in a statement Monday. "We also want to thank Walmart for helping us identify him in such a timely manner."
Ducharme was booked at the Marion County Jail and charged with first-degree forgery as well as third-degree theft, according to police. Online jail records show he has since been released.
Ducharme could not be reached for comment Friday, and it was unclear whether he has an attorney. | <urn:uuid:abbb4059-e0ae-422b-a5dd-2bcbe5c34b4c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kxxv.com/news/national/man-allegedly-used-counterfeit-cash-to-buy-girl-scout-cookies-police-say | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.971603 | 299 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Want to keep your complexion smooth and youthful? Take a look at your plate. What you leave off of your plate is sometimes just as important as the food you’re putting on your plate when it comes to nutrients that can affect your complexion. Put your best face forward (and improve your health) by keeping these to a minimum (remember that classic motto... moderation):
Sugar—Sweets and refined carbs raise glucose levels, which increases advanced glycation end products, which in turn interferes with the repair of collagen and elastin, a protein that allows skin to retain its shape.
Saturated Fat—Not all saturated fatty acids are created equal (see coconut oil), but experts say that eating a lot of saturated fat coming from marbled meats and full-fat dairy products can induce skin-aging inflammation.
Alcohol—With the exception of resveratrol-delivering red wine, alcohol can take a toll on your skin. It dries out skin and when metabolized in the liver, it creates skin’s enemy: free radicals.
Get our Free e-cookbook and email updates. | <urn:uuid:485b3f9a-8d77-4cc1-a90c-538645e7571c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.swansonvitamins.com/blog/health-tips-2/3-foods-to-avoid-if-you-want-to-look-young | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00035-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940093 | 231 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Before we start this week’s blog, let me take the opportunity to wish all IFTLE readers a Merry Christmas and Happy New Year. As has been traditional for the past decade-plus, I include a 2019 photo of the granddaughters Hannah and Madeline, who, as you can see, continue to grow up.
You probably have seen that the Heterogeneous Integration Roadmap is now available for public consumption. The charter of the HIR is to provide a long-term vision for the electronics industry, identify difficult future challenges and propose potential solutions. The HIR team attempted to look at the electronics industry’s evolution over the next 15 years and provide a 25year vision for the heterogeneous integration of emerging devices.
It is a volunteer initiative using expert professionals from across the industry, academia, and research institutes for the common good. The HIR is sponsored by three IEEE Societies (Electronics Packaging Society, Electron Devices Society, and Photonics Society), SEMI, and ASME. The HIR team is comprised of 22 Technical Working Groups which represent the electronics ecosystem.
Roadmaps: A Word of Caution
Before we look at the HIR roadmap, IFTLE will offer a word of caution about roadmaps in general. My opinion is that roadmaps should not be used to tell us where we shall be or what we will be doing at any specific point in time, but rather to allow the community to focus directly on what is needed to move forward into the future.
My cautionary example took place in the late 1990s when the industry was focused on lowering the Dk of the interconnect oxide insulation which at the time was basically SiO2. All agreed it would be an easy jump from SiO2 to fluorinated SiO2, which would lower the Dk from ~3.8 to 3.5, but after that, there were many material options, none of which appeared to be a technological given. In 1997 the ITRS assembled all the “industry experts” who subsequently predicted that by 2001 the average Dk would be 2.5.
To make a very long and bloody story short, the Semiconductor International (SI) graph in Figure 1 plots the 1997 roadmap projections vs the next seven years of updates. Notice how they continually adjust the proposed Dk upwards as it became obvious that predictions were not being met. In fact, 20+ years later we have still not achieved a Dk of 2.5. Having lived through that period, my observation as to why the abysmal failure to predict future advances in lowering the Dk is that corporate politics got in the way of scientific evidence as each company tried to outdo their corporate rivals in terms of their “rock solid” projections.
I watched the same thing happen in 2007/2008 when Intel, IBM, and others made marketing announcements that they were ready to implement 3D ICs, when in fact they would be many, many years away from such a move. I’m certainly NOT insinuating that this is a problem with the HIR roadmap, just saying that I learned long ago not to blindly believe politicians, marketing presentations or consensus industry roadmaps. I will say with certainty that I doubt anyone can look 15 to 25 years out and give you an accurate prediction of the future of technology.
Now back to the HIR roadmap…
Heterogeneous integration refers to the integration of separately manufactured components into a higher-level assembly [system in package (SiP)] that, in the aggregate, provides enhanced functionality and improved operating characteristics. The system may be heterogeneous by material, component type, circuit type, node or bonding/interconnect method. In essence, any package with multiple chips in it that are not identical chips is by definition heterogeneous integration.
So, as you can see, this is really not anything new, every module described in the McGraw Hill’s MCM Technology Handbook that we published in 1998 is indeed an example of heterogeneous integration (Figure 2).
HIR members have identified six market application areas that are the leading technology drivers for the HIR roadmap. Namely:
- High-performance computing and data centers
- Medical, health and wearables
- Autonomous automotive
- Aerospace and Defense
The building blocks they identified for electronic systems are:
- Single-chip and multi-chip integration
- Integrated photonics
- Integrated power electronics
- MEMS and sensor integration
- 5G, analog, and mixed-signal
In addition, they identified three major technology areas for heterogeneous integration:
- 3D and 2D interconnects
- Wafer-level packaging (fan in and fan out)
Much of the roadmap’s 23 chapters do a nice job reviewing the status of current technology, as of 2019, making it a very valuable tool, if only for this one aspect.
From the “single and multi-chip” committee comes the following quote that they reference to Gordon Moore in the late 1960s (again this is an observation NOT A LAW) “It may prove more economical to build large systems out of smaller functions through heterogeneous integration into SiPs, which are separately packaged and interconnected. The availability of large functions, combined with functional design and construction, should allow the manufacturer of large systems to design and construct a considerable variety of equipment both rapidly and economically.”
The aerospace and defense committee defined their market segment as unique because it requires:
- High performance – access to leading nodes and advanced packaging technologies
- High reliability – harsh environments, human safety
- Long product lifecycles – parts obsolescence and upgradability
- Low volumes – high product mix
- A domestic supply chain
The last requirement is especially a problem because they are seeing:
- Foundries concentrated in Asia
- Chinese players growing in importance
- Increasing consolidation among leaders
For the most part, HIR projections seem reasonable enough, such as the following bumping roadmap developed by the single and multi-chip group (Figure 3).
Speaking for the industry community, IFTLE would like to thank the participants for the extensive work they put into this effort.
For all the latest in Advanced Packaging stay linked to IFTLE………………………………. | <urn:uuid:fbb9ac82-3251-423f-bb12-bfcb91c39036> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.3dincites.com/2019/12/iftle-435-the-heterogeneous-integration-roadmap-hir/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.950725 | 1,303 | 1.507813 | 2 |
First-aid kit basics
A first-aid kit contains emergency supplies and medication for unexpected minor illnesses or accidents.
While it is vital for people who suffer from a chronic disease or condition to take their medication with them at all times, it is also a good idea for everyone to keep a first-aid kit in the home or car, or take one with them on holiday in case of emergencies.
Although it is possible to buy additional items for your first-aid kit when you are abroad, it is a good safeguard to purchase extra supplies and medication before your departure. Emergency situations occur unexpectedly and you may find yourself unable to obtain essential items just when you need them most.
Remember that medicines suitable for adults are not always suitable for children as well. Always read the label to check who can take the medicines in your first-aid kit, and at what dose.
If you have medicines in your first aid kit make sure it is always kept out of the reach of children.
Aspirin (eg Aspro clear), paracetamol (eg Panadol, Calpol) or ibuprofen (eg Nurofen, Calprofen) can be bought over the counter. They come in different forms including soluble tablets, ordinary tablets, liquids or suppositories, and can relieve most minor aches and pains, such as headaches, muscle pain, toothache and period pain. Children require lower doses and products specific for children should be kept in your first-aid kit if you have children. Aspirin should not be given to children under 16 years of age, unless on the advice of a doctor.
A first-aid kit should contain a thermometer to measure body temperature. An oral digital thermometer is probably the best choice. Digital thermometers used in the ear are more accurate but also more expensive.
Fever can be relieved with paracetamol or ibuprofen.
Fever is most commonly caused by viruses that cannot be treated with antibiotics. Even though antibiotics can be bought in some countries without a prescription, they should be avoided. If antibiotics are necessary, a GP should be consulted. A doctor will be able to prescribe the appropriate antibiotics or other medication.
Sore throats and coughs
These are common ailments, so it might be a good idea to keep medicines in your first aid kit to deal with these, for example sore throat lozenges and a cough mixture. Cough mixtures containing certain ingredients are no longer recommended for children under six years of age, so it is best to get advice from your pharmacist on a suitable product to keep in your first-aid kit if you have children.
Diarrhoea, constipation or indigestion
It is a good idea to be prepared for diarrhoea. Medication to treat it is available both on prescription or over the counter at your local pharmacy. Loperamide (eg Imodium) is an appropriate medicine to keep in a first-aid kit, though it is not suitable for young children.
If diarrhoea or vomiting occur you will need to make sure the patient gets enough liquid. This is especially important where children are concerned.
Cola drinks are particularly helpful since they replace essential salt and sugar as well as provide a source of liquid, but a first-aid kit should also contain a rehydration medicine (a powder or large tablet that is dissolved in clean water, for example Dioralyte) to prevent dehydration.
Medication to prevent motion sickness caused by car, air or sea travel can be bought over the counter without prescription. If necessary, this should be taken before starting a journey.
A sunblock to be applied prior to exposure to the sun should always be included in a first-aid kit, along with cream and lotion for use after sunbathing. A pharmacist should be consulted as to the appropriate screening (SPF-sun protection factor) level for your skin type. A minimum of SPF 15 should be used, but children and those with fairer skin should use higher than this.
It might be a good idea to take an insect repellant if you are going somewhere where you know there may be biting insects like midges or mosquitos.
Cuts and grazes
The following items are all useful for treating minor cuts and grazes.
- Sterile saline or alcohol-free wipes to clean wounds.
- Cotton gauze or gauze swabs for cleaning/drying/covering wounds.
- Fabric or waterproof plasters.
- Sterile dressings that won't stick to weeping wounds, eg Melolin.
- Permeable adhesive tape, eg Micropore, for holding dressings in place.
- Gauze bandages.
- Crepe bandages for holding dressings in place or supporting sprains and strains.
- Antiseptic cream or lotion.
Other useful equipment to have in a first aid kit
- Disposable gloves.
- Tweezers - for removing foreign objects such as splinters or bee stings.
- Scissors - for cutting tape or bandages.
- Safety pins for securing bandages and pinning slings.
- Cotton buds - for cleaning small wounds or removing obvious foreign objects.
- Sterile saline for washing eyes.
- Sterile eye pads - as a temporary dressing and cover for injured eyes.
- Cling film - for applying over serious burns to keep air out. This helps relieve pain and prevents infection. As it won't stick to the burn, it can also be easily removed later by medical staff treating the burn.
- Triangular bandages - for use as a sling for an injured arm or shoulder, or as a scalp bandage.
Do I need to take everything wherever I go?
There is no need to take everything with you. What you might need depends on where you are going and a longer trip might require more supplies than a shorter one. Buy products in small sizes that fit easily into your luggage. Remember that all medicines have a 'use by' date and should be thrown away after they have expired.
If you are travelling to a developing country or tropical area for long periods of time, a more extensive first aid kit that contains sterile emergency medical equipment might be advisable. This could contain extra items such as sterile syringes, needles and suture kits and water purification tablets, which might not be available where you are going. | <urn:uuid:c41a64a7-e0ca-42ec-a9b3-81dc3f2107fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.netdoctor.co.uk/conditions/accidents-and-first-aid/a5368/first-aid-kit/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.926681 | 1,340 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Explore Learn Grow Snipettes
Designer: Krista Sahlin
Categories: Embellishment Packs, WordArt Packs Black, Blue, Brown, Green, Orange, Red, Tan, White, Yellow, Krista Sahlin, Kids, School
Tags: Explore Learn Grow Snipettes, Kids, School, WordArt, Yellow, Brown, Red, Orange, Blue, Green, Black, White
|Add to Cart Add to Favorites Tell a Friend|
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SAVE 50% on Krista Sahlin's Featured Designs Reg $ 2.50
Explore Learn Grow Snipettes will add those little extra touches to school pages! Coordinates with Explore Learn Grow Free Mini Pack, Embellishment Pack, Learning Journaling Bits and Paper Pack. VERSION 2 OR HIGHER
*** Please refer to QuickMix download speeds/times before purchase:
1. This QuickMix design is a downloadable purchase only. Download times may vary.
2. MemoryMixer Software required. Buy MemoryMixer Software Now. | <urn:uuid:2f315708-6a4e-4a69-ba2f-bea14ab0d35a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.memorymixer.com/catalog/designs/3457-Explore-Learn-Grow-Snipettes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00044-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.742773 | 214 | 1.9375 | 2 |
UP install solar panels at Manor Mill site
Date published: 21 July 2022
Pictured (left to right) are: Michael Gizauskas, UP's Operations Coordinator, Rachel Harrison, Buyer and Sophie Longmire, Marketing Assistant
Ultimate Products, the owner of a number of leading homeware brands including Salter (the UK's oldest houseware brand, est.1760) and Beldray (est.1872), has installed solar panels on the roof of Manor Mill, the Group's Grade II listed head office building in Oldham.
The initiative, undertaken by NPS Solar, a renewable energy systems company also based in Oldham, is part of a wider focus by Ultimate Products on the critically important area of environmental sustainability, and came about as a result of the Group’s desire to improve the sustainability of its operations, achieve its net zero targets and mitigate the effects of surging global energy prices.
In total, 1,150 panels have been installed, covering approximately 85% of Manor Mill’s roof. It is anticipated that the panels will start generating energy later this month and, once at full capacity, are expected to produce 40% of Manor Mill’s energy requirements.
As a result, the expected payback period for the solar panels is approximately three years.
Ultimate Products will also assess the feasibility of installing solar panels on the roof of Heron Mill, the Group's 240,000 sq. ft. warehousing facility, which is also located in Oldham.
Jill Easterbrook, Non-Executive Director and Chair of Ultimate Products’ ESG Committee, said: “Manor Mill’s new solar panels are a prime example of Ultimate Products’ constant search for ways to reduce its impact on the environment.
"We are confident that they will also prove to be a great investment, helping us to save money on energy bills.
"I am particularly delighted that they could be installed with the help of a local Oldham-based firm, whose stellar work has helped to preserve Oldham’s architectural heritage while ensuring our head office meets the needs of the 21st century.
"While we are pleased with the progress of our environmental initiatives so far, we know there is a lot more for us to do in this area, and we look forward to setting out a more comprehensive ESG strategy later this year.”
Do you have a story for us? Want to tell us about something going on in and around Oldham? Let us know by emailing email@example.com , calling our Oldham-based newsroom on 0161 633 2121 , tweeting us @oldhamchronicle or messaging us through our Facebook page. All contact will be treated in confidence. | <urn:uuid:2a7b2097-8070-48a1-9b58-a97ef4f02bab> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.oldham-chronicle.co.uk/news-features/140/business-news/147146/up-install-solar-panels-at-manor-mill-site | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.947881 | 569 | 1.65625 | 2 |
It is impossible to go through life without trust: That is to be imprisoned in the worst cell of all, oneself.
Since 1957, black people have experienced double-digit unemployment - in good times and bad times. Look at the population of African Americans in prison. They represent more than half the population of prisoners in the country, 55 percent of those on death row.
It is safer that a bad man should not be accused, than that he should be acquitted.
There is no greater punishment of wickedness that that it is dissatisfied with itself and its deeds.
If we were brought to trial for the crimes we have committed against ourselves, few would escape the gallows.
The law does not pretend to punish everything that is dishonest. That would seriously interfere with business.
The world itself is but a large prison, out of which some are daily led to execution.
They took away my money, my family, and my security. Why couldn't they destroy my ideas? We will question them in court tomorrow as we trigger The Revolution of all revolutions!
The number of laws is constantly growing in all countries and, owing to this, what is called crime is very often not a crime at all, for it contains no element of violence or harm.
Money will determine whether the accused goes to prison or walks out of the courtroom a free man.
No written law has been more binding than unwritten custom supported by popular opinion.
Show me the prison, Show me the jail, Show me the prisoner whose life has gone stale. And I'll show you a young man with so many reasons why And there, but for fortune, go you or I.
I know not whether laws be right, or whether laws be wrong; All that we know who lie in gaol is that the wall is strong; And that each day is like a year, a year whose days are long.
When the Nazis came for the communists, I remained silent; I was not a communist. When they locked up the social democrats, I remained silent; I was not a social democrat. When they came for the trade unionists, I did not speak out; I was not a trade unionist. When they came for me, there was no one left to speak out.
Civilization is maintained by a very few people in a small number of places and we need only some bombs and a few prisons to blot it out altogether.
One should respect public opinion insofar as is necessary to avoid starvation and keep out of prison, but anything that goes beyond this is voluntary submission to an unnecessary tyranny.
To make punishments efficacious, two things are necessary. They must never be disproportioned to the offence, and they must be certain.
A country is in a bad state, which is governed only by laws; because a thousand things occur for which laws cannot provide, and where authority ought to interpose.
Prosecution I have managed to avoid; but I have been arrested, charged in a police court, have refused to be bound over, and thereupon have been unconditionally released - to my great regret; for I have always wanted to know what going to prison was like.
The only real prison is fear, and the only real freedom is freedom from fear. | <urn:uuid:6316995c-2c78-4e63-b9ef-c3b4a20db815> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://writeaprisoner.com/prison-quotes?a=James%20Bell&page=6&rate=nC72wC6kaTBju8XY8MpbtF5N6MzkXDY6iYeJ0e0BWRk | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.976882 | 666 | 2.265625 | 2 |
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Re: A new paradigm?(On pitch and periodicity (was "correction to post"))
Peter van Hengel, Dick Lyon and other contributors, my apologies for the
late response to your contributions to this topic.
However in my opinion this subject is still far away from a satisfactory
result. And I prefer to give you a clear and well overthought reaction.
Therefore let me first give you a comment on Peter?s following reaction to
** One small comment to your statement that there are only forward
traveling waves. I think much of the confusion stems from the fact that
the observed motion of the cochlear partition is often referred to as the
traveling wave. In actual fact this is only a 'reflection' of the actual
wave which is traveling in the fluid. The fluid supports waves traveling
in both directions, but the unique properties of the cochlea cause only
the appearance of a forward traveling on the cochlear partition.**
Yes indeed that is the explanation for the ?traveling wave hypothesis?
within the common paradigm. And if you want to explain a reported
apparently observed ?traveling wave? over the basilar membrane, running
from the base ? near the round window ? to the apex ? near the
helicotrema, with a mathematical model designed by you, of course it is
legitimate to try this.
However in the background of all the exercises there remains to be
incorporated a constraint that cannot be ignored or disobeyed: the basics
of such mathematical models must be in full agreement with the general
rules and laws of physics.
I seriously hope that the AUDITORY List members agree with me that there
doesn?t exist ? beside general physics ? a special cochlear physics theory
with its own laws and rules, which are different from and occasionally
even at variance with the general ones. If not, we can end our discussion
right away, because we then can only agree that we fundamentally disagree.
But let me comment on Peter?s statement about the observed basilar
membrane traveling wave:
**In actual fact this is only a 'reflection' of the actual wave which is
traveling in the fluid.**
I really must remind you to the fact that a mechanical vibration ? and the
sound stimulus is such a vibration ? in a fluid, or in this case water
like perilymph, will always propagate with the speed of sound, which has
typically here the value of 1500 m/s.
That is just one of those constraints dictated by general physics. And
with the equation that counts for the relation between sound velocity,
frequency and wavelength we simply can calculate that for a 1000 Hz
stimulus the corresponding wavelength in the perilymph is 1.5 meter. So
approximately equal to 50 times the length of the active partition of the
That is the only reason why the round window is moving in opposite
direction related to the oval window. A widely reported always observed
phenomenon in experiments.
And under the existing conditions in the cochlea there is no physics
ground for so-called ?slow waves? with wavelengths even in the order of
fractions of a millimeter. With the same equation for the relation between
wave propagation velocity, frequency and wavelength as is used for
the ?fast? running waves here above.
Just because such a slow wave demands the propagation of a row of
successively higher and lower pressure areas with sizes in the order of
those wavelengths and even smaller. And that is impossible in general
physics. The incompressibility of the perilymph fluid makes this
It cannot be that a mathematical wish for explaining the existence of a
hypothesized traveling wave with a small wavelength prescribes that
physics has to offer the possibility for such a slow wave. Just because
the general physics rule prescribes that wave propagation velocity equals
frequency times wavelength.
And therefore the only possibility that remains is that under the
incompressibility constraint the entire perilymph fluid column between
oval window ? helicotrema ? round window is moving as a whole, while it is
stimulated by a mechanical vibration of the stirrup.
Peter you further stated:
**The fluid supports waves traveling in both directions, but the unique
properties of the cochlea cause only the appearance of a forward traveling
on the cochlear partition.**
If we look closer to the basilar membrane properties, we observe that
there exists a frequency-place related distributed resonance capability.
With a subdivision that has a logarithmical scale from apex to base. High
resonance frequencies near the base and low resonance frequencies near the
Actually this unique property is the cause that a stimulus, that is
equally present all over the length of the basilar membrane, evokes phase
related movements which appear as a ?wave? that is always running from
base to apex.
And it is this ?wave? phenomenon that is erroneously interpreted as
the ?traveling wave? that transfers the sound stimulus.
And of course the perilymph fluid can be stimulated from both sides. Wever
and Lawrence have reported that already in 1950. They reported that
stimulating either the oval window or the round window results in
identical cochlear potentials.
But that doesn?t imply that there have to run traveling waves in both
We can only draw the conclusion that a perilymph push-pull caused by a
sound stimulus isn?t dependent on the pathway that is chosen.
Peter, you made the remark:
** If one wants to observe the reverse traveling waves in the cochlea it
is necessary to measure fluid velocity, which I believe is not yet
No indeed. A direct measurement of velocity inside the cochlea is known as
extremely difficult. So far every attempt fails, mostly because of the
intolerable disturbances of the properties in the location that has to be
examined. This makes the experimental results unreliable. And non-invasive
measurements still show not enough details of fluid movements.
But from what really happens there we nevertheless can still make a
reliable imagination, which is simply based on physics and the
physiological properties and parameters which exist in the cochlea.
Let us make an inventory of them.
The physiological structure data:
? The walls of the cochlear envelope are extremely rigid. Hardly
compliant to not compliant at all. So bone conduction based on deformation
of that envelope is not possible.
? The cochlea shaped cavity is subdivided into the perilymph filled
duct, which is folded at the apex and which parts are the scala vestibuli
between oval window and apex and the scala tympani between apex and round
? In between these two scalae the third one ? scala media ? is
located, filled with endolymph.
? The partition between scala vestibuli and scala media is formed by
the Reissner membrane. This membrane is extremely thin, but on all
available electron microscope pictures it is observed as straight, except
for Ménière cochlea, where it is curved into the direction of the scala
vestibuli. This membrane has compliance.
? The partition between the scala tympani and the scala media is
formed by the basilar membrane. This membrane has substantially more
volume, while both the inner and the outer hair cells are embedded in it.
This membrane has a place located frequency dependent compliance. It can
be observed as a resonance device.
? The hair bundles of the outer hair cells are at their top
connected with the tectorial membrane, a rim structure that is completely
located in the scala media and connected with the bony envelope of the
? At every location along the cochlear partition the cross sections
of scala tympani and scala vestibuli are practically equal in size. In
average the channel diameter is 0.3 mm.
? There exists a tapered shape in the perilymph duct, larger at the
base to smaller at the apex.
? The maximal deflections of the oval window and the round window
are estimated to be in the order of a few micrometers.
? Deflections of the basilar membrane also do not exceed a few
micrometers. Otherwise the hair bundles of the outer hair cells would be
damaged due to overstressing.
The involved material quantities:
? The perilymph fluid in the scala vestibuli and scala tympani as
well as the endolymph fluid in the scala media has a density equal to that
of water. So 1000 kg/m3.
? Both fluids are incompressible and have a low viscosity,
comparable with water. This can be considered in practice as ?viscous
? The propagation velocity of acoustic vibrations in the perilymph
is 1500 m/s.
Cardinal fluid dynamics numbers:
? The main criterion for non-turbulent fluid flow in the cochlea is
the Reynolds number. Calculation in case of the highest hearable frequency
stimulus of a 20 kHz vibration with an amplitude of 1 micrometer with a
dynamic viscosity coefficient equal to that of water: 0.001 Ns/m2 gives
for this Reynolds number a value of 36. For vibrations with lower
frequencies and with similar amplitudes this Reynolds number is
Hence the Reynolds number is for all situations far below the boundary of
2000, the value that counts for upper boundary of the laminar flow
conditions. And therefore the perilymph flow inside the cochlea is
All these aspects together result in the fact that it is allowed to
consider the perilymph movement inside the cochlea as a periodic movement
that can be theoretically expressed by the non-stationary Bernoulli
equation. Just as I have done in the attached PDF in my message to the
AUDITORY List of Saturday, October 1, 2011.
For those of you who think that I misuse the Navier-Stokes theory in the
case of the cochlear fluid dynamics I can point to the following
elucidating introductory explanation placed on-line on the Internet by the
Academic Medical Center of Amsterdam that I cite here:
-- The Navier-Stokes equations are a set of equations that describe the
motion of fluids (liquids and gases, and even solids of geological sizes
and time-scales). These equations establish that changes in momentum
(acceleration) of the particles of a fluid are simply the product of
changes in pressure and dissipative viscous forces (friction) acting
inside the fluid. These viscous forces originate in molecular interactions
and dictate how sticky (viscous) a fluid is. Thus, the Navier-Stokes
equations are a dynamical statement of the balance of forces acting at any
given region of the fluid.
They are one of the most useful sets of equations because they describe
the physics of a large number of phenomena of academic and economic
interest. They are useful to model weather, ocean currents (climate),
water flow in a pipe, motion of stars inside a galaxy, flow around a wing
of an aircraft. They are also used in the design of aircraft and cars, the
study of blood flow, the design of power stations, the analysis of the
effects of pollution, etc.
The Navier-Stokes equations are partial differential equations which
describe the motion of a fluid, so they focus on the rates of change or
fluxes of these quantities. In mathematical terms these rates correspond
to their derivatives. Thus, the Navier-Stokes for the simplest case of an
ideal fluid (i.e. incompressible) with zero viscosity states that
acceleration (the rate of change of velocity) is proportional to the
derivative of internal pressure. Poiseuille?s Law and Bernoulli?s equation
are special cases of 1D Navier-Stokes.
The fluid motion is described in 3-D space, and densities and viscosities
may be different for the 3 dimensions, may vary in space and time. Since
the flow can be laminar as well as turbulent, the mathematics to describe
the system is highly complex.
In practice only the simplest cases can be solved and their exact solution
is known. These cases often involve non turbulent flow in steady state
(flow does not change with time) in which the viscosity of the fluid is
large or its velocity is small (small Reynolds number).
For more complex situations, solution of the Navier-Stokes equations must
be found with the help of numeric computer models, here called
computational fluid dynamics.
Even though turbulence is an everyday experience it is extremely hard to
find solutions for this class of problems. Often analytic solutions cannot
Reducing the models to 1D, as is often done in fluid dynamics of blood
vessels, makes the problem handsome. --
[See also: http://onderwijs1.amc.nl/medfysica/compendiumDT.htm edited by
N. A. M. Schellart 2005]
After studying my PDF that I sent to the List on October 1 2011, you can
see for yourself that I have derived the analytical solution for the non-
stationary non-viscous incompressible time dependent wiggle-waggle
movements directed along the core of the perilymph duct. Because in that
case the reduction of the complex set of Navier-Stokes equations to the
non-stationary Bernoulli equation is fully permitted.
And this finally results in the fact that everywhere inside the perilymph
duct the evoked pressure variations are proportional to the sound energy
This means that by resonance in the basilar membrane, i.e. the frequency-
place related distributed resonance capability, the stimulus can evoke
simultaneously all the frequency contributions of the sound energy signal,
including the exact phase relation for each contribution, which will be
sent to the auditory cortex.
Further details I will give in my answers to the comments of Dick Lyon
Finally Peter you reacted to Matt Flax with:
** Model calculations clearly show the reverse traveling wave and produce
results in accordance with data on OAEs (see e.g. the work of Mauermann et
al or Epp et al). **
Yes that is based on the ?transmission line model?. And of course that
will present a reverse traveling wave. The entire model that is used is
based on the hypothesis that there must exist and consequently must be
explained a traveling wave whatsoever.
However that is the cardinal subject of difference between your statements
In my concept, based on the Bernoulli solution, there still exists a ?wavy
motion? on the basilar membrane, but that is the result of phase dependent
Locations with higher resonance frequencies react in phase with the
frequency stimulus; at resonance locus this motion is 90 degrees behind in
phase; locations with lower resonance frequencies react 180 degrees
retarded in phase.
And because higher resonance frequencies are found near the round window,
while lower resonance frequencies are found near the helicotrema
the ?wave? always runs from base to apex. And as Tianying Ren et al. also
experimentally detected: there doesn?t exist a reversed traveling wave.
And now my reactions to the comments of Dick Lyon:
Dick you remarked:
** Willem, your approach in which "the flow behaves as a parallel
streaming oriented along the core of the perilymph duct" and in
which "there exists only a contribution in the x-direction" is what might
be called a "non-compliant membrane" approximation.**
In strict theoretical terms you could name it as such, but in practice it
means that the movements of the incompressible viscous-free perilymph, in
the direction perpendicular to the core of the perilymph duct, are
negligibly small compared to the movement in the core direction.
You commented also with:
** Generally, the BM is interpreted as being variably compliant (and the
RM very compliant), such that there is some velocity (and pressure
variation) ortogonal to the x dimension, which corresponds to BM
Regarding the first part of it, the compliance of the membranes, I agree
with you. And I have also used this frequency dependent ?compliance? of
the basilar membrane in my description of the evoked movements in this
membrane due to a sinusoidal sound stimulus.
It results in a DC deflection all over the basilar membrane due to
the ?time average of the sound energy signal? and the locally evoked AC or
frequency dependent deflection at the corresponding resonance locus with a
doubled frequency. And it results in an all over the Reissner membrane
existing combination of a DC deflection towards the scala vestibuli and an
AC deflection with a doubled frequency.
It isn?t a basilar membrane movement due to an ?overpressure? caused by an
increase in pressure inside the perilymph. That is in essence the specific
behavior of a potential flow ? like this Bernoulli flow actually is ?
where the decrease in internal pressure [delta p] is proportional to the
decrease in potential energy [E potential], while the kinetic energy [E
kinetic] of the entire perilymph mass [m] in the flow tube increases
proportionally to the fluid velocity [v] squared. Thereby potential energy
and kinetic energy in the potential flow remain always in balance.
** If you assume no BM displacement, then of course you have no traveling
Nowhere in my explanation have I stated that basilar membrane mobility
Of course there exist basilar membrane displacements. But their influences
on the local cross section of the perilymph duct are rudimentary.
And for clarity let us make an indicative calculation:
The average diameter of the perilymph duct is 0.3 mm. And let us assume
the cross section to be circular. Then the size of the surface can be
calculated as 0.0706 square mm. The local deflection of the basilar
membrane cannot be much larger than a few micrometers. Otherwise the hair
bundles of the outer hair cells would be overstretched or even disrupted.
The width of the basilar membrane is approximately 0.1 mm. If that is
displaced 1 micrometer over its entire width, the corresponding surface of
that cross section is 0.0001 square mm.
This means that the cross section at the place of the membrane deflection
is relatively 1.4 pro mille decreased. So you cannot maintain that this
will have a serious influence on the main fluid movements in the core
direction of the perilymph duct.
You commented further:
** The BM (or the whole of scala media in your approximation) separates
the two parts of the folded duct in which you have a longitudinal pressure
gradient, so there will be a substantial pressure difference across it,
from the far-apart x locations (except near the apex where it folds). **
I am sorry that I have to tell you, but with this statement you show that
you do not really understand the general mechanism of the potential flow.
And I can explain this at best with the example of a straight tube in
which a (periodic) potential flow exists. For this flow condition the
fluid in the tube is incompressible and non-viscous and the flow isn?t
turbulent, which means ?rotation free?.
Since there doesn?t exist internal laminar friction [the fluid isn?t
viscous] it will ?stream? along the core direction of the tube everywhere
with the same velocity.
In that case the (non-stationary) Bernoulli equation is valid and the
internal pressure in the tube is everywhere the same and given by the well-
known Bernoulli relation. The decrease in internal pressure in the fluid
is equal to half the density of the fluid multiplied with the square of
the fluid velocity. In case of the non-stationary Bernoulli flow, the
involved velocity in this equation is then a function of time.
If we insert pressure sensors at two places along the tube in its wall,
each of the pressure sensors will detect a decrease in pressure
proportional to the square of the fluid velocity ? in full accordance with
the Bernoulli equation.
However, if we try to measure the pressure difference between the two
locations, we will find zero as the result. That is logic because the
fluid velocities in both cross sections are equal.
However, if we want to measure the fluid velocity in the tube, we can use
the solution found by Venturi. Then we have to place in the tube an
intersection in which the cross section along the length of that partition
gradually and fluently decreases from the tube cross section to a minimum
value and then fluently increases again to the size of the original tube
cross section. And let us place this Venturi tube in-between the two
original pressure sensors.
If we insert now in the wall of the narrowest cross section of that
Venturi tube a third pressure sensor, we will measure there an extra
decrease in pressure related to the other two pressure sensors.
The now measurable pressure difference between the Venturi pressure sensor
and the pressure sensor either ?up-streams? or ?down-streams? is
proportional to the fluid velocity in the tube multiplied with the total
of the square of the ratio between tube cross section and Venturi cross
section minus 1.
Hence there exists a lower pressure in the Venturi tube, but equal
pressures on both sides of the Venturi tube.
And remark that in principle the Venturi tube in the potential flow isn?t
forming an obstacle in that flow. Otherwise there would exist a pressure
difference between locations on both sides of the Venturi tube.
Now we can make one further step: we can smoothly fold the tube in the
Venturi partition in such a way that the narrowest cross section also
forms the ?elbow? in the folded tube. [ let us name that the helicotrema].
Hence ? contrary to what you suggested in your comment ? under the
potential flow conditions inside the cochlea there doesn?t exist a
longitudinal pressure gradient, which evokes a substantial pressure
difference across the helicotrema.
Finally we can place in-between the two parts of the tube [scala vestibuli
and scala tympani] a third one [the scala media] that forms an
intersection of the two other ones.
As long as the cross sections of both perilymph ducts at some place x away
from the base [oval and round window] are identical, the evoked pressures
on both sides of the scala media will be directed outwards and equal.
Exactly as is shown in Fig. 3 on page 22 of our booklet ?Applying Physics
Makes Auditory Sense?.
The movements shown in several animations on the Internet, where the
stapes activation creates ?waves? of higher frequency stimulus
contributions which leave the core flow in the scala vestibuli and let the
Reissner membrane and the basilar membrane simultaneously vibrate at a
location nearer to the base, while from that location in the scala tympani
a reverse ?wave? propagates toward the round window, is based on a
hypothesis for which I cannot find a sound physics principle.
[See for instance: http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/matthews/ear.html ]
Dick, you commented also:
** If you allow the pressure across the BM to deflect it, as we usually do
with membrane compliance, you get a very different analysis, based on the
same physics but different mechanical approximations. In this analysis,
the v-squared pressure differences due to Bernoulli's law are generally
very small compared to the pressure differences accelerating the fluid
within the short wavelength of the traveling wave, so are neglected. **
Let me first calculate what pressure decrease will be evoked in front of
the basilar membrane by a stimulus of 1000 Hz which let the oval window
deflect with an amplitude of 2 micrometer.
With the density of perilymph [ 1000 kg/m^3 ] the maximum pressure
decrease will be 72 mPa. Not really a low value.
Another fact is that we also have to cope with the problem that the
pressure differences accelerating the fluid within the short wavelength of
the traveling wave ? that would exist indeed in the ?transmission line?
hypothesis and in the companying mathematical model, which calculates
these hypothesized effects ? have no physics ground to exist in the wiggle-
waggle movements of the perilymph.
Finally you commented:
** Which approximation is better? Probably the one that yields a
traveling wave like the one seen in direct mechanical measurements, I
Already years ago I corresponded with Tianying Ren, the man who did this
kind of mechanical measurements. On his request because those measurements
did not fit well within the ruling traveling wave paradigm. Actually they
were flawed in that time by the auditory peers.
In 2008 De Boer et al. also reported that there were serious doubts about
the hypothesized existence of reversed traveling waves. Only
forward ?waves? on the basilar membrane could be observed. He also
suggested that in the first place there must be found an explanation that
can dispose this newly arisen anomaly.
The observed ?wave phenomena? on the basilar membrane resemble the forms
that are shown in the following animations, which can be downloaded from
These simulated animations also resemble very well with the phase wave
phenomena which I have calculated and which I have presented in brief in
our booklet for one sinusoidal stimulus.
The traveling wave you refer to in your comment here above is by far not
an accomplished fact.
Therefore I hope you will agree with me that the best theoretical
description of the functioning of our hearing sense is the one that is in
the first place in agreement with physics, describes and explains the
experimental findings very well even in detail, can cope with the existing
anomalies, and can predict correctly in detail new and until now unknown
hearing and auditory perception phenomena.
And I am convinced that under these requirements our hearing paradigm is a
very serious candidate. | <urn:uuid:6f846c07-218f-4680-b3bb-11d31c4361c2> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.auditory.org/mhonarc/2011/msg00818.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719677.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00560-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.910191 | 5,717 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Spc. Andrew Brown, 22, and his military dog, Rocky, were searching a structure for explosive materials in southern Afghanistan's Helmand Province on December 3, 2015, when a bomb exploded. Brown and Rocky survived the blast and were taken to a military hospital in Germany. There, a photo was taken of Rocky wearing the Purple Heart and posted on the Facebook page of the 89th Military Police Brigade, Brown’s unit.
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The [Killeen, Texas] Daily Herald reported that Brown, of Eliot, Maine, suffered non-life threatening injuries and will undergo a series of tests for traumatic brain injury. The tests are routine for soldiers injured by roadside bombs. Rocky is expected to return to Fort Hood in the coming weeks. The canine suffered shrapnel wounds and a broken leg. | <urn:uuid:e137dcf1-ab42-4a72-804d-dfc2eda90c7e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.militarytrader.com/militaria-collecting-101/military-dog-with-purple-heart-goes-viral | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.980679 | 250 | 1.554688 | 2 |
What extreme heat does to the human body
Many parts of the UK have witnessed soaring temperatures in the past few days – for instance, Santon Downham in Suffolk recorded a whopping 32.7°C (91°F) last week. When considering that global average temperatures are increasing year on year due to greenhouse emissions, amongst other factors, extreme heat is not only an inconvenience but also a major cause of concern. And yes, this includes the UK where the Met Office reports that the top 10 warmest years for the UK since 1884 have occurred since 2002. So in this Pacific Prime UK article, we’ll give you the lowdown on extreme heat.
What is extreme heat?
Extreme heat is objective – people in warmer climates are more used to heat than those from colder climates. So extreme heat is said to occur when temperatures hover above the average high temperatures for the region and last for several weeks. This can cause heat exhaustion – a condition that’s usually not serious if the individual can cool down within 30 minutes. According to the National Health Service (NHS), symptoms of heat exhaustion include:
- a headache
- dizziness and confusion
- loss of appetite and feeling sick
- excessive sweating and pale, clammy skin
- cramps in the arms, legs and stomach
- fast breathing or pulse
- a high temperature of 38°C or above
- being very thirsty
Note: If heat exhaustion is not dealt with and turns into heatstroke, it constitutes an emergency.
Tips to cool down body temperature
Some tips to cool down include:
- Take a cold shower
- Keep hydrated (preferably with a cool drink)
- Wear light coloured, loose clothing
- Sprinkle water over skin or clothes during the day
- Stay away from the direct sun between 11am and 3pm
- Avoid excess alcohol or extreme exercise
- And more!
How does extreme heat affect the human body?
When the surrounding temperatures exceed the normal body temperature (of around 36.5–37 °C), the body prevents itself from overheating by evaporative cooling (aka sweating). This is because the capillaries or tiny blood vessels next to the skin expand to take advantage of the surface chill. That being said, sweating is less effective when the humidity is high because the air is already saturated with moisture.
In cases where the blood doesn’t cool down, the body’s core temperature is raised and emergency protocols are triggered to protect the vital functions. Firstly, increased blood flow to the skin strains the heart, resulting in a racing pulse and lightheadedness. Secondly, the brain tells the muscles to slow down, which can cause fatigue. Thirdly, nerve cells misfire and lead to headaches, nausea, or vomitting. Finally, excessive sweating diminishes electrolytes and results in cramping.
Organs can also start shutting down and cells begin to deteriorate if the core temperature rises past 40°C. When an overtaxed heart goes into cardiac arrest, this is a sign of a heat stroke. Other symptoms include hallucinations or seizures. Many heat stroke victims will also stop sweating and have hot, dry skin. As inflammation rises internally, there’s also pressure put on the kidneys. A failed kidney, in turn, can result in a build-up of toxins and impact other organs one by one.
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The data science industry is swiftly expanding and in many ways becoming increasingly complicated. It's a complex field that requires savvy professionals, and those who can master the necessary skills are capable of securing lucrative employment that comes with long-term stability.
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Like most other supporting staff in the healthcare industry, medical transcriptionists are also a very important part. They provide healthcare professionals with transcribed records of clinical and surgical notes that are an integral part of a records system in a hospital or a clinic.
Medical transcriptionists need to possess strong knowledge of medical terminology and follow medical transcription guidelines to the last point. Their language skills need to be absolutely perfect because the need to communicate by listening, talking and writing is very important. A certification as a CMT (certified medical transcriptionist) is usually a prerequisite for obtaining a job in this regard.
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There are two types of bad advice: the kind which doesn’t have a major impact and the kind that costs a great deal of money. When it comes to data security, which type of counsel are you getting? Read on to learn examples of the worst data security advice out there, and what to do instead.
“You’re Not at Risk”
Has anyone ever told you that your company isn’t in danger of a data breach? And did you believe them?
Whoever told you that you have nothing to worry about is very, very wrong. It doesn’t matter how big or small your firm is, or what industry you’re in. All hackers and criminals care about is information. And if they can extract it from your network, they can do a lot of damage.
“You Don’t Need Much Digital Security”
There are business leaders out there who still believe that security software and solutions are expensive and unnecessary. It can be tempting to listen to them; who wants to spend money on something that doesn’t improve your firm’s performance?
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“Encryption Is Just for Spy Agencies and the Military”
You might have heard that encryption is a security tool that’s too sophisticated for your needs, and you shouldn’t bother with it.
At one point, that opinion reflected a reality in which government agencies that needed to maintain a high degree of secrecy were the primary users of encryption solutions. That’s not true anymore, though. Consumers and businesses now use encryption on a daily basis. It shields information from unauthorized eyes by transforming it into an unbreakable code.
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But don’t let our awards or our experience sway you. Just talk to any one of our five million satisfied customers in over 80 countries. Call us today to learn more about our data security options. | <urn:uuid:284d468c-7642-434f-b92b-9742697749d3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.winmagic.com/blog/2015/12/16/worst-advice-youre-currently-getting-data-security/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00570-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939113 | 537 | 1.765625 | 2 |
5 Main Reasons Human Resource Management, without proper management practices, a company is able to achieve its targets, including human resource management which is a vital thing that cannot be ruled out.
Although we often provide new breakthroughs and visionary images about technology, without the support of managing and improving the quality of human resources, technology is difficult to implement.
5 Main Reasons Human Resource Management is Still Needed in the Age of Technology
Here are 5 Main Reasons Human Resource Management until now
Creative and initiative
The practice of management or HR management plays an important role, especially in terms of developing employees to reach their full potential. Innovation in the company of creative employees and occurs because of initiatives or breakthroughs in work. Technology cannot be expected to take the initiative. Initiative is one of the characteristics of humans that is applied properly, will increase the competitiveness of the company. Sometimes failure in managing human resources results from potentials that should be developed better in a company.
Long-term mapping to achieve the company’s vision
The company applies human resource management practices for the company’s long-term development goals. The long-term scheme is then broken down into several shorter stages and the right strategy, which still requires the role of human resource management. there are at least five corporate actions related to human resource management, namely:
Potential to develop organization
Organizations develop because the potential of employees in the company is also developed. The more advanced the world in technology, the more superior potentials in humans need to be realized. This is what is analyzed and reviewed by the human resource management team as well as providing an opportunity for every employee to move forward in developing himself.
product/service quality improvement
The increasingly fierce industry and business competition is an important thing that must be monitored by the company. One of the important keys to encourage and open new breakthroughs in terms of the quality of the company’s products/services is to seek input from every employee in every line of business. It is unlikely that quality products with new breakthroughs will be produced without contributions from employees. That is why human resource management is always closely related to product quality.
A conducive work environment helps each employee to support each other and contribute in terms of knowledge and insight. Human resource management, one of which is for the development of a conducive work environment. How to build a work environment that is in harmony between high technology and human touch is the role of human resource management that cannot be underestimated.
Strengthening facilities and infrastructure
Human resource management also aims to optimize the utilization of company facilities and infrastructure. Companies need to understand what are the obstacles for employees in accessing facilities and infrastructure, and what solutions are provided. The development of the right infrastructure is also a response to the evaluation results in the field regarding the implementation of human resource management.
Management evaluation and reform
A good company will always be passionate and carry out work management reforms. A continuous process by taking into account all aspects will lead to a more modern administrative system, which of course requires integration in all aspects. One of the contributions to management evaluation and reform is the management of human resources based on context.
That’s 5 Main Reasons Human Resource Management is Still Needed in the Age of Technology | <urn:uuid:4f3e28a4-12c7-4342-8f61-f9144d88207a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://norcap.org.uk/5-main-reasons-human-resource-management-is-still-needed-in-the-age-of-technology/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.944393 | 662 | 1.945313 | 2 |
Starbucks on a warship just became a reality for the lucky crewmen of the USS Boxer. The Navy ship, which functions just off the coast of California, became one of the first seafaring vessels to have a fully functioning coffee shop- it's called "Starboxer," in reference to the ship's name.
Starbucks' empire of coffee chains expanded to the warship Feb. 9. The creation of the café, complete with all the expected signature coffee blends, teas, and smoothies, was not a simple one. USS Boxer worked with various organizations to open Starboxer aboard the ship.
"I worked with Starbucks representatives and several contractors to put this all together," Lt. Cmdr. Leon Quarles, the assistant supply officer of the ship, said in a press release. "We took the basics of Starbucks marketing and applied those principles to the ship."
The café doesn't just serve coffee, however. Starbucks worked alongside the USS Boxer to train crewmen as certified baristas.
"I'm excited I was picked to work here," explained Thomas Rios Logistics Specialist Seaman and now a Starboxer barista. "I think people will be more energized in the morning and look forward to going to the store before work."
The crew is able to purchase Starbucks signature beverages with their Navy Cash cards, with all profits going to USS Boxer's Morale, Welfare and Recreation fund. It could certainly boost the crew's morale, said Quarles, who called it "one more thing they won't miss."
Although this is Starbucks' early foray onto Navy ships, they have been found in stranger places. Just last year, Robinson Funeral Home in South Carolina became one of the earliest funeral homes to have the well-known coffee shop inside.
"They have a great product and great name recognition," Chris Robinson told the Easley Peach. "We decided to offer something special as an alternative for a family if they want it. Starbucks really believes in having their coffee served in a very consistent manner, they have high standards." | <urn:uuid:65ccf807-75b3-4b54-8448-9d2146b7a249> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.christianpost.com/news/starbucks-on-a-warship-starboxer-opens-with-navy-trained-baristas-90065/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00483-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978334 | 428 | 1.710938 | 2 |
The effects of aqueous leaf extract of neem on serum testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone/interstitial cell stimulating hormone (LH/ICSH), estrogen and prolactin levels in male albino rats were studied. Rats treated with 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight of neem extract intraperitoneally daily for 15 days showed very highly significant (P< 0.001) reduction effects on serum concentration of testosterone, FSH, LH/ICSH and prolactin when compared with their control counterparts. On the other hand, the aqueous leaf extract of neem had a very highly significantly (P<0.001) increasing effect on serum concentration of estradiol. There were dose-dependent effects of the aqueous leaf extract of neem on the serum concentration of the hormones. These observations suggest that the aqueous leaf extract of neem had strong anti-androgenic property and capability to disrupt hormonal functions. Hence, its indiscriminate use in malaria chemotherapy could increase the in risk of infertility in males.
Rosane Cavalcante Fragoso, Brasil
Chief Scientific Officer and Head of a Research Group
IJCR is following an instant policy on rejection those received papers with plagiarism rate of more than 20%. So, All of authors and contributors must check their papers before submission to making assurance of following our anti-plagiarism policies. | <urn:uuid:2f77539b-7db8-4a2e-abe6-1bc44e077eaa> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.journalcra.com/?q=node/164 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719027.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00302-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.915115 | 294 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Consumer Alert: IRS issues scam warning ahead of tax season, offers 10 security tips
GREEN BAY, Wis. (WBAY) - During the last year, there has been an increase in scams, identity theft, ransomware and unemployment identity theft, so cyber criminals are hard at work. Now, consumer experts are looking ahead to tax season to see what things scammers are targeting, and aim to make it more secure for people.
Action 2 News discussed those items with Christopher Miller, the IRS spokesperson for Wisconsin, on the heels of National Tax Security Week.
“First of all, we always expect to see a spike in scams around the holiday season, but we’re expecting it to be worse this year, because we know the crooks are using new ways - new lures, new buzzwords, new ways to attract new victims,” said Miller. “The IRS Security Summit, which is a partnership between software providers and state agencies has been rather successful in ways to combat tax identity theft, but that means the crooks are looking for new ways to attract victims. They’re using new ways like messaging, and buzz words like ‘COVID’ and ‘stimulus’. In fact, in Wisconsin alone this year, the Federal Trade Commission reports 6,000 cases where there was identity theft or fraud related to those two terms alone: COVID or stimulus - and that resulted in about $6 million in losses to the people of Wisconsin, and a thousand of those cases are related to online shopping, so we want you to know this is a significant problem that isn’t going away, and to make sure people remain vigilant.”
Miller adds the scammers will likely reach out in a fraudulent way, such as e-mail, text or a social media post, and will ask you to click on an attachment or link that will take you to a fake website that will try and steal your information.
“They may look legitimate - they often do. It could look like it’s coming from the IRS, or your bank, but it’s a fake account,” said Miller. “We don’t want people to click on any attachments or links because that’s not the way the IRS does business.”
The Security Summit mentioned by Miller offers these 10 steps to help you protect sensitive information:
- Don’t forget to use security software for computers, tablets and mobile phones – and keep it updated. Protect electronic devices of family members, especially teens and young children.
- Make sure anti-virus software for computers has a feature to stop malware, and there is a firewall enabled that can prevent intrusions.
- Phishing scams – like imposter emails, calls and texts -- are the No. 1 way thieves steal personal data. Don’t open links or attachments on suspicious emails. This year, fraud scams related to COVID-19, Economic Impact Payments and other tax law changes are common.
- Use strong and unique passwords for online accounts. Use a phrase or series of words that can be easily remembered or use a password manager.
- Use multi-factor authentication whenever possible. Many email providers and social media sites offer this feature. It helps prevent thieves from easily hacking accounts.
- Shop at sites where the web address begins with “https” – the “s” is for secure communications over the computer network. Also, look for the “padlock” icon in the browser window.
- Don’t shop on unsecured public Wi-Fi in places like a mall. Remember, thieves can eavesdrop.
- At home, secure home Wi-Fis with a password. With more homes connected to the web, secured systems become more important, from wireless printers, wireless door locks to wireless thermometers. These can be access points for identity thieves.
- Back up files on computers and mobile phones. A cloud service or an external hard drive can be used to copy information from computers or phones – providing an important place to recover financial or tax data.
- Working from home? Consider creating a virtual private network (VPN) to securely connect to your workplace.
The IRS adds there are other places to find information about taxes, such as the YouTube videos found at the bottom of this article.
In addition, officials say employers can share THIS FORM with employees and customers, while tax professionals can share it with clients.
Copyright 2021 WBAY. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:86c46faf-53ea-48b9-8755-7c5c178ab96c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.weau.com/2021/12/05/consumer-alert-irs-issues-scam-warning-ahead-tax-season-offers-10-security-tips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.917118 | 932 | 1.921875 | 2 |
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