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Title text: There, I showed you it.
Note: Clicking on the image on xkcd (click the date above the comic to go to the comic on xkcd) takes you to an interactive and much much larger image.
On the interactive image there are two links:
One takes you to the sources and downloads page where a list of sources can be downloaded (DataDump.csv).
Also the full image can be downloaded here (it is a PNG of considerable size: 12528x8352 pixels).
This is one of the comics that can be bought as a poster on xkcd and the other link takes you there.
| This explanation may be incomplete or incorrect: There is not much explanation of the individual items.|
If you can address this issue, please edit the page! Thanks.
This is another chart comic - a type of comic that Randall does from time to time. He has for instance done maps of the Internet (twice!) and other huge visualizations like this chart Radiation with a similar structure as this chart but with Radiation as the subject. The Radiation chart is most likely the inspiration for this much more comprehensive Money chart.
In the chart there are five boxes with items on different scales of monetary value. Each scale of dollar increments are different colors. One dollar increments are green - naturally, because American paper money is green. Thousands are Orange/Red. Millions are gray. Billions are yellow. Trillions are blue. This comic uses the short scale for naming large numbers (so a billion = 1000 millions = 109 rather than a million millions = 1012 as in continental Europe).
Because the comic is so huge and complex the explanation has been split into several parts and also individual pages:
- Below are five tables with explanation for some of the items.
- The transcript is (as is usually the case with huge comics) only given for the text that is visible on the picture shown here above.
- However the full transcript for all the text in the huge image has also been completed.
- Finally some tables with prices has been made (although they are not yet complete).
In the Billions box there is a vague term called the "Economic Vortex" as well as arrows that flow between different blocks of this box. This is to show where the money goes. Where it is collected from, and where it is distributed to.
Included in one frame is a small man with a red and white striped shirt, blue pants, a cane and a knit cap. He is known as Wally or Waldo (in the US) from the Where's Waldo books. To not give anything away for those who wish to search for him themselves there will be no spoiler here. But if someone needs a little help... Then by clicking this link you will be directed to the relevant section amongst the five sections where Waldo can be found. (The link will take you to that section of the full transcript page). If you still cannot find him (or give up in advance) then just search the transcript page for Wally or Waldo.
The title text is a reference to the phrase "Show me the money!" which originates from the film Jerry Maguire.
- [This transcript is only reproducing text visible on the front page comic.]
- [Title panel at the top left has one large heading, and then it is possible to read the first and third out of five lines (but not for instance the second line which is just the word "almost"):]
- A chart of
- all of it
- [Below this there are 5 large panels, each with a series of plots, comparing the values of various things. The only clearly visible text is the title of each panel written in white on black background at the top of each panel]
- [The first section covers single coffees up to the hourly salaries of CEOs. It is located below the title panel and there are a lot of green groups marked by unreadable text.]
- [The next section discusses values from around $1000 to $1,000,000, including a dissection of the song If I had $1000000. It is located directly below the Dollars section and has mainly orange groups (but also some gren) marked by unreadable text.]
- [The third section focuses on $1,000,000 to $1,000,000,000, with a large section on campaign contributions of American political presidential campaigns, values of expensive works of art, and J. K. Rowling. It is located to the right of the Thousands section below the Billions section and there are a lot of gray groups (but also some orange) marked by unreadable text.]
- [The fourth section gets into larger scale finances, profits of various sectors, costs of natural disasters, and net worths of the richest people on the planet. Also, Donald Trump. It is located to the right of the Dollars section and above both the Millions and Trillions section and has mainly yellow groups (but also some gray and red) all marked by unreadable text. There are, however, a few large headings that can be read:]
- The Economic (...?)
- US household income
- Federal budget
- [In the last panel global financial status is described. It discusses derivatives, liquid assets, public debt by nation and GDP by continent, culminating with the total economic production of the human race to date. It is located below the Billions section to the right of the Millions section and has mainly cyan groups (but also one yellow) all marked by unreadable text.]
- [For the full transcript of the huge image see 980: Money/Transcript.]
- XKCD comics are usually posted at, or around, midnight Eastern time the day of the comic (Monday, Wednesday, Friday). This one was posted at about noon on Monday
- Most of the amounts has a source at XKCDS. In the dollars section there is an important note that at every possible opportunity Randall used a scholarly work or government publication as a source.
Tables with explanations
|Top-left||The price of various common bills and commodities. The One Dollar Menu is a type of menu at various fast food restaurants.|
|Middle-left||Pet Ownership. The ASPCA is the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.|
|Bottom-right||Four boxes indicate that the CEO pay has skyrocketed from $490.31 (hourly) to $5,419.97 (hourly) in the same time period in which the average worker's salary has skyrocketed 10 cents.|
|Top-right||Hogwarts degree: a reference to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardy from the popular book series by J.K. Rowling about Harry Potter.
One box is the estimated yearly tuition for the school and the next is how much seven years at the school would cost. To get a degree at the school, it takes 7 years (starting at age 11, ending at age 18).
|Bottom||A reference to the song by Bare Naked Ladies entitled "If I Had $1000000" and all the things referenced in the song to buy the love of another person.|
|Bottom||A few items on the marriage of Kate Middleton and Prince William, the major royal wedding of 2011, including:
|Left||Dr. Evil's ransom demands from the film "Austin Powers" corrected for inflation between 1969 and 1997.|
|Middle-right||Another reference to JK Rowling, comparing her (actual $1 billion) net worth as an author with her (imagined $82,000) net worth as a rapper.
The magnified 82 orange/red ($1,000) boxes are footnoted "Professional assessment by rapper/geek culture expert MC Frontalot." MC Front-A-Lot is the creator of the subgenre of hip-hop known as Nerd Core.
|Middle||An F-22 Raptor fighter jet (valued at $154.5M) is compared to a Velociraptor ($1.9M in production costs for the film Jurassic Park)|
|Top-Left ((Fictional)Billionaires section)||Carlisle Cullen is from the Twilight Series of books and movies. He is a vampire and adoptive father of Edward, Emmett and Alice Cullen, as well as Rosalie and Jasper Hale. He was born in the 1640s and amassed his wealth through many years of compound interest and investments.||Scrooge McDuck is a cartoon character from many Disney properties including the afternoon cartoon, Duck Tales. Scrooge McDuck has a "money bin" full of coins and other sorts of collectibles that he routinely goes swimming in.||Bruce Wayne is Batman. Batman is Bruce Wayne. He is portrayed in many comic books, graphic novels, TV shows and movies by many different actors.||Artemis Fowl is an Irish child prodigy and a ruthless master criminal from the eponymous book series. He uses his intelligence to build his family fortune through crime.|
|As Randall already indicated in the transcript, this is the block for world, continent and nation finances. The numbers are really huge. There are no jokes in here (apart from the fact that Randall tried to make the shapes of the GDP look like the continent), likely because financial values this large aren't funny to start with.|
|GDP is Gross domestic product, the market value of all goods and services produced in a nation.
|In the middle of the box, it shows the worth of all gold ever mined in 2011 prices. This is important because of the concept of the Gold standard, a concept where monetary values are linked to the value of gold. As indicated in the top-right of the box, both the EU and the USA have more debt than the total value of all gold in the world.|
|Derivatives are a complex financial instrument where one is not trading in something tangible, but in derived values - like options. Derivatives thus are dangerous as one trades in concepts instead of values. Critics claim that derivatives are at the base of the 'economic bubble'.
add a comment! ⋅ add a topic (use sparingly)! ⋅ refresh comments! | <urn:uuid:5ae15024-9a65-493a-90a8-e76dd0389063> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=980 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720737.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00219-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948242 | 2,123 | 2.4375 | 2 |
An introduction to a common group of fungi, the powdery mildew fungi, which are obligate parasites of plants. This exercise can be used to explore the ecology of a diverse group of fungi and/or as a way for students to learn about how fungi are classified. This lesson is suitable for grades 7 -12 and does not require the purchase or maintenance of special cultures, since powdery mildew fungi are easy to find on plants in nature. Teachers and/or students collect leaves infected with powdery mildew fungi from different kinds of plants and examine them with dissecting and compound microscopes. Other simple equipment, such as newspapers, plant press or heavy books, microscope slides, cover slips, and dissecting needles also are needed.
(Note: This lab works best in regions that experience cold weather for part of the year, since this encourages production of cleistothecia (sexual stage). This lab may not work as well in areas where warm weather prevails year-round, since the conidial (asexual) stage of the powdery mildew fungi occurs primarily.)
Ruhl, G.E. and C.A. Jasalavich. 2002. Powdery Mildew Fungi: Classification and Ecology.The Plant Health Instructor. DOI: 10.1094/PHI-K-2002-0125-01
Gail E. RuhlPurdue University, West Lafayette, IN
Claudia A. JasalavichNashua, NH | <urn:uuid:e33b677b-edf1-48a6-95c6-f607f02f1bdd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/K-12/TeachersGuide/PowderyMildew/Pages/default.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00404-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.915187 | 307 | 4 | 4 |
Security Council open debate on the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question
On this day, the Security Council held its quarterly debate on the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question.
In her address, Ambassador Sylvie Lucas welcomed the commitment and determination of US Secretary of State John Kerry in this matter. The announcement of 19 July 2013 in view of the restarting of negotiations is a significant step forward. It is necessary to work towards the accomplishment of the necessary steps to implement the Two-State solution, on the basis of clear parameters and a credible calendar. The time has come to take the necessary difficult and historical decisions, in conformity with the vision of the long-term interests of the peoples of Palestine and Israel.
Concerning the situation in Syria, Ambassador Lucas denounced the horrors that the Syrian people has to suffer on a daily basis. She asked once again that the situation in Syria be referred to the International Criminal Court by the Security Council. Furthermore, she called upon the Security Council to pay heed to the humanitarian emergency and the need to act. The Council must urgently support the requests made by the humanitarian actors to the conflicting parties in Syria, by addressing issues linked to bureaucratic red tape, to the delivery of medical supplies, to the opening of humanitarian corridors and cross-border access and access through the front lines to the affected populations. | <urn:uuid:e5a93f0a-b063-4d2a-8157-7b087f7e3b45> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://newyork-un.mae.lu/en/News/Security-Council-open-debate-on-the-situation-in-the-Middle-East-including-the-Palestinian-question | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720737.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00220-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950669 | 273 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Antimigraine drugs are medications intended to reduce the effects or intensity of migraine headache. They include drugs for the treatment of acute migraine symptoms as well as drugs for the prevention of migraine attacks.
Antimigraine drugs are medicines used to prevent or reduce the severity of migraine headache. Migraines are different from other headaches because they occur with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or sensitivity to light.
Antimigraine drugs or drugs that prevent migraine or cure migraine include follows: triptans, β-blockers, anticonvulsants, methysergid, calcium channel blockers, antidepressants, clonidine (α-blocker), and pizotifen and its analogs, NSAIDs.
The antimigraine drug sumatriptan, which is a serotonin-1 agonist, has commonly been associated with chest pain and myocardial infarction presumably due to vasoconstriction of the coronary arteries. Sumatriptan-induced atrial fibrillation is uncommon, but several cases have been reported with positive rechallenge, which means occurrence of an anticipated adverse drug reaction after administering sumatriptan. In vivo sumatriptan causes rapid constriction of dural and meningeal vessels. During migraine attack, it does not modify cerebral blood flow but constricts arteriovenous anastamoses that may be dilated.
No products were found matching your selection. | <urn:uuid:6fb70a92-cdcf-4984-acdf-3a9603d692fb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cheapedmeds03.com/medicine-category/anti-migraine-drugs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.923708 | 300 | 3.25 | 3 |
王昭君 (Wáng Zhāojūn)
Wang Zhaojun is one of the Four Beauties of ancient China
, along with Xi Shi
, Lady Yang Guifei
and Diao Chan
. Apart from her looks, she is also famous for marrying a tribal leader and going to live with him beyond the borders of China (which was a great deal at that time).
Wang Zhaojun was born Wang Qiang (王嫱 Wáng Qiáng) during the Han Dynasty
. She became one of the many girls who were candidate
s for concubinage
to the Han Emperor Yuan (汉元帝 Hàn Yuán Wáng). As a court lady, she was not allowed to wander around the palace
; instead, all these ladies were kept in a special part of the palace where the Emperor could be sure that they would not have contact with any men besides the court eunuch
For a court lady to be able to meet the Emperor was impossible if he did not initiate
the meeting. The only way they could arouse the interest of the Emperor was by having a flatter
ing picture of them painted, as the Emperor would choose his partner only by this mean
s. Therefore, the court painter
at that time, Mao Yanshou (毛延寿 Máo Yánshòu), was used to receiving bribe
s from the ladies for this purpose.
Legend has it that Zhaojun refused to pay him the bribe
he expected. To take revenge on her, one version of the story said that he deliberately painted a picture of her that pale
d in comparison
with the other ladies. The other version said that he painted her just as she looked, with the addition of a mole just below her eye (seeming to resemble
). When the emperor took an interest in her, Mao pointed the mole out and said that it was not an auspicious
sign, as it signified that the woman would cause the people close to her to suffer a tragic
The result of this was that the Emperor never paid any attention to Wang Zhaojun all the time she was in his court.
During this period of time, an interesting political
alliance had been made and was in the process of being cemented further. The predecessor
of Emperor Yuan had helped the current Khan
of the Hun
s, otherwise known as the Xiongnu Chanyu (匈奴单于 Xīongnú Chányú) to win a battle with his brother, thereby resolving a dispute
over the succession of the Xiongnu throne.
The Xiongnu were then a nomad
ic people, and were considered barbaric by the Han Chinese. But now, both countries had become allies
. The grateful Khan approached Emperor Yuan and asked for the hand of a royal princess
to cement the relationship between them.
Emperor Yuan was reluctant
to let any of his daghters marry this barbarian. (They must have protested.) He proclaimed that if any court lady would volunteer
to marry the Khan, the emperor would grant her the status
of a princess.
Upon hearing this, Zhaojun decided to apply. After all, she might never get to meet the emperor. Since there were no other volunteers, the court officials submit
ted her name to the Emperor, who approved it and arranged a date for the Khan and Zhaojun to be married.
Rumour has it that when the Emperor met Zhaojun for the first and only time, he was struck
by her beauty
and immediately regret
ted his decision to let her marry the Khan. The occasion was when both the Khan and Zhaojun (now already maried) turned up to thank the Emperor for giving her hand in marriage
Emperor Yuan was said to have marched back and demand
ed the execution
of the court painter Mao.
In the years that Wang Zhaojun lived with the Xiongnu, no wars took place between the two countries for about sixty years. After the death of the Khan, she remarried his heir
, thus prolonging the peace. She bore a son and two daughters to the Xiongnu, and imparted Han culture to them. No one knows where she died, or when, but there are a few tombstone
s claiming to mark the place where she was buried. One of these is the Tomb of Zhaojun in Inner Mongolia
The story of her going beyond the borders of China is known as 昭君出塞 (Zhāojūn chū sài). It was traditionally a tragic
tale of a woman leaving her homeland due to circumstance
s she could not control; but in modern times it is seen as a woman choosing her destiny
, or as the uniting of various Chinese minorities with the main Chinese race. | <urn:uuid:f06158e7-bfe4-4165-b69c-6531039bbffe> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://everything2.com/title/Wang+Zhaojun | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00312-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.985909 | 1,040 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Energy Efficient Lights Will Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Energy Costs at Prison, Four More Prisons to be Retrofit in 2010
NORCO – The California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) announced today an ambitious retrofit plan to increase energy efficiency by retrofitting light fixtures at the California Rehabilitation Center (CRC) in Norco. The retrofit is scheduled to be completed by July 2010.
The CRC project shows CDCR’s commitment to reducing energy consumption as well as meeting the goals of AB-32, and Governor Schwarzenegger’s Governor’s Green Building Initiative (Executive Order S-20-04) directing state agencies to reduce energy use in state buildings 20 percent by 2015.
“I am pleased to add the CRC to our list of prisons that will be saving energy through retrofit projects,” said Matthew Cate, CDCR’s Secretary. “Lighting retrofits save both money and electricity, all while creating a safer work environment for our employees.”
Through a loan offered by the California Energy Commission for health care facilities, CDCR has secured $650,000.00 to retrofit lighting in the entire facility including, but not limited to, the conversion of T12 fluorescent lamps to T8 energy saving lamps with electronic ballasts, replacement of incandescent lamps with compact fluorescents and the replacement of HID light fixtures with induction fixtures. The loan is expected to be paid back in full in 5 years, with cost savings and rebates paying for the entire project.
In 2008, CDCR completed 16 energy efficiency projects statewide which now save approximately 28 million kilowatt hours of electricity, 450,000 therms of natural gas and 26.5 million pounds of carbon-dioxide gases – the equivalent of taking about 4,000 vehicles off the road annually. In 2009, several smaller projects were completed at CDCR facilities. In all, the 2009 energy efficiency projects resulted in approximately $1.1 million annual cost avoidance bringing the total annual cost avoidance achieved, so far, under the CDCR / Investor Owned Utility Partnership Program to $4.3 million.
The estimated utility costs rebated for the CRC project will be approximately $307,000 given the expected energy cost savings of about $115,000.00 annually. The retrofit project consists of replacing nearly 6,300 lamps in the prison. Many of these lights are used both day and night, so the energy savings is optimal with the retrofit.
In addition to the project at CRC, CDCR has 4 additional facilities identified for potential energy efficiency projects. CSP Corcoran, California Correctional Institution, Salinas Valley State Prison and California Training Facility have all secured funding through the Department of General Services’ Energy Efficient State Property Revolving Loan Fund, the source of which is seeded in American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) fund program. These projects are expected to be completed in July 2010.
CDCR’s Energy Management and Sustainability Section will monitor the progress of the CRC lighting retrofit project and continue work toward expanding CDCR’s energy efficiency program.
Link to CDCR’s Energy Savings Website: http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/CDCR_Going_Green/index.html
Daily Corrtions Clips
3 days ago | <urn:uuid:a0b9465a-15bf-4756-851c-e874685b56f0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://cdcrtoday.blogspot.com/2010/04/california-rehabilitation-center-to.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00275-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929617 | 689 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Air Products to supply heat exchangers for Yamal LNG complex in Russia
Air Products announced it has signed an agreement with a consortium, including Technip and JGC, to implement the Yamal LNG project.
The LNG plant under construction on the Yamal Peninsula will mark the first time Air Products deploys its proprietary LNG technology and equipment in Russia. The plant will be Russia's largest LNG production and export facility.
Air Products will supply three MCR main cryogenic heat exchangers to be installed at the heart of the propane pre cooled mixed refrigerant liquefaction process. Each of these units using Air Products' proprietary AP-C3MR LNG process technology and equipment will produce 5.5 Mtpa of LNG, for an overall total of 16.5 Mtpa in three train facilities.
"This is the largest project ever of its kind to be located in the Arctic, and the most northern LNG facility in the world," said Jim Solomon, director of LNG at Air Products.
"Here are some specific challenges with it, beyond the very remote location, such as huge temperature swings. Our equipment and process were specifically configured to address these challenges, and we are very excited at the prospect of playing a significant role in this landmark project."
Solomon added with the addition of Russia, that Air Products' proprietary LNG technology will be operating in 17 countries around the globe.
"After a technology assessment, Yamal LNG has selected Air Products based on their worldwide experience in natural gas liquefaction.," said Igor Chasnyk, deputy project director for pre-operations, Yamal LNG. "We are confident Air Products' MCR process is the most suitable technology available within the parameters of the project, and we are looking forward to fruitful cooperation with Air Products and a successful start-up of the process trains according to the schedule."
LNG from the Yamal LNG Project will be used primarily to meet the growing energy needs of Asia_pacific countries.
From the Archive | <urn:uuid:8d6b3c1d-7191-45a8-9788-c01f18b0c853> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.hydrocarbonprocessing.com/news/2014/01/air-products-to-supply-heat-exchangers-for-yamal-lng-complex-in-russia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00081-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950779 | 418 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Violin Lessons Sutherland Shire - Violin Teachers Sutherland Shire
The violin is a string instrument, typically with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest, highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which also includes the viola, and the cello.
Someone who plays the violin can yield beautiful sounds by drawing a bow across one or more strings (which may be stopped by the fingers of the other hand to produce a full range of pitches), by plucking the strings (with either hand), or by a variety of other various techniques. The violin can be played by musicians in a wide diversity of musical genres, including Baroque music, classical, jazz, folk music, and rock and roll. The violin has come to be played in many music cultures the world over.
All of our violin teachers here at caterina franco MUSIC TUITION have been carefully selected for their high technical standard and musical ability. Not only will you be placed with a teacher than can refine and enhance your technique, but they will be someone that can relate to help you build the foundations to really mastering this truly remarkable instrument. The violin is a magnificent instrument for all ages and above all, it’s an excellent choice for young beginners as the instrument itself is available in a variety of different sizes.
Whether you are experienced or are a novice, our violin teachers will share with you everything you are required to know, from learning what the strings on the violin are, to reading music and learning note values and musical terms. Through our structured, well planned lessons your musical experience will be personalized to your individual requirements, and not to mention, that learning the violin also improves mental ability! Learning to play the violin is healthy for your mind, improving your memory and co-ordination. It’s a fantastic way to work out your mind at any given age!
Music is something to be shared and appreciated, and the best way to learn, is to learn with a teacher will! As the most revered and refined instrument of the musical instrument family, the violin will challenge the most inspired students to bring life to this delicate yet robust instrument of the masters.
Our professional violin teachers can teach you to:
- Learn to play and name common chords
- Learn to play your favourite songs
- Position your hands correctly on the bow and violin to play in any key
- Improvise, even on fast-changing chords and keys
- Play great solos on any chord sequence
- Improvise an endless stream of creative musical phrases
- Focus on technique
Violin Lessons Key Details
- Violin Lessons Sutherland Shire
- Private one-to-one tuition
- Warm-up techniques and exercises
- Bowing and Finger Technique
- Posture and Playing Technique
- Scales, Arpeggio and exercises
- Practice techniques and methods
- Playing and learning violin songs
- Learning to play within a style
- Ear training
- General music terms and theory
- Violin for leisure syllabus
- Trinity violin tuition
- AMEB violin tuition
- ANZCA violin tuition
- Guild violin tuition
- Violin theory
- Diploma level violin lessons
- Band or ensemble work | <urn:uuid:109de193-339d-4871-864c-dce1db3747fc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.musictuitions.com.au/violin-lessons | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00391-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944608 | 666 | 3.125 | 3 |
The story of one family's settlement in the Cariboo and the culture of early sawmills that developed around them.
In 1922, the Judson family arrived in the Cariboo by covered wagon. The stories of their life on the remote homestead at Ruth Lake is told through this humorous and heartwarming book by local historian and author Marianne Van Osch, as recounted to her by the Judsons' son, Louis, who still lives in the region. Louis tells of working at a gold mine in Bralorne at a young age, riding the rails, losing his foot in a milling accident, and witching for gold and water. But most of all, he tells the story of early sawmills in Cariboo forests, in an era before chainsaws and skidders, how they flourished and how they declined, and the men who worked so hard on them, often at great cost to themselves.
By Marianne Van Osch | <urn:uuid:c6138d8b-703a-457c-988b-50b00a8d097e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://heartstringsdecor.com/products/books-a-mill-behind-every-stump | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.973566 | 195 | 2.625 | 3 |
JEE Main 2016 Cut Off Marks| Paper 1 – Paper 2 Central Board of Secondary Education was organized JEE (Joint Entrance Exam) Main 2016 in the month of April. It
JEE Main 2016 Answer Key Set Wise| Paper 1, Paper 2 In this article we are informing you about JEE Main 2016 Paper 1, Paper 2 Answer key Set Wise.
JEE Main 2016 Answer key By Narayana Institute Here Candidates can download JEE Main 2016 Narayana Answer Key. Joint Entrance Examination (JEE Main) 2016 has conducted for the candidates who
JEE Main 2016 Answer Key| www.jeemain.nic.in JEE (Joint Entrance Examination) Main is a national level exam conducted by CBSE New Delhi for various Engineering courses for new session 2016 admission.
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JEE Main 2016 Exam Pattern, Paper 1 Paper 2 Test Schedule Joint Entrance Exam (JEE) Main 2016 exam pattern is uploaded on its official website for admission into B.Tech/ B.E./
JEE Main 2016 Application Form| Online Registration CBSE is ready for publishing notification for admission into under graduate courses such as B.Tech/ B.E./ B.Planning/ B.Arch for admission in new session
JEE Main 2016 Eligibility Criteria| Education Qualification Joint Entrance Exam Main (JEE Main) 2016 is national level entrance exam which conducts by Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) New Delhi | <urn:uuid:c6168958-3d82-4b2f-bfcc-be2e00cdaef3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://onlineentrancesexam.co.in/category/engineering-entrance-exam/jee-main/page/3/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00511-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.869299 | 338 | 1.585938 | 2 |
London Mayor, Sadiq Khan has urged the public to only travel if necessary, and has issued an air pollution alert for Monday.
On Friday, Mr Khan convened a special meeting of the Mayors Advisory Group with key senior officials from agencies including the NHS, the Met Police, London Fire Brigade, London Ambulance Service, London Councils and Transport for London – to ensure London’s agencies have a robust plan in place to deal with the level four heat alert.
He added: “I need to be clear with all Londoners that the next few days will see temperatures that we have never experienced in this city.
“This hot weather is normally something we all welcome but this heatwave brings with it a potential threat to life and means that all of us are going to have to change our routines in order to stay safe. It is vital that we all take sensible precautions to look after ourselves and help reduce the pressure on our emergency services who will be very busy in this extreme heat.
“Londoners need to exercise caution on Monday and Tuesday. This includes only using public transport if your journey is absolutely necessary – and if you do so, plan ahead, carry water and be prepared for significant delays, particularly on the London Underground which will be running with speed restrictions.
“On Monday and Tuesday, Londoners who do not have to travel to their place of work, should work where they feel most comfortable. For many this will mean staying at home – while others may prefer to go to office spaces which may be cooler and air conditioned.
“Remember, these temperatures pose a danger to all Londoners, no matter how fit and healthy they may be. I am also calling for Londoners to continue to look out for the most vulnerable, including the elderly, those living alone, and those with chronic or severe illnesses.”
The current heatwave is set to peak on Tuesday, with an 80% chance of the mercury topping the UK’s record temperature of 38.7C (101.7F) set in Cambridge in 2019.
Transport for London (TfL) is advising passengers to only travel for “essential journeys”.
The Met Office has issued an amber warning for heat covering much of England and Wales from Sunday until Tuesday.
There is a 50% chance of temperatures reaching 40C somewhere in the UK, likely along the A1 corridor, with the Met Office also issuing its first red warning for extreme heat. | <urn:uuid:bfb03b69-1d78-4ae6-9163-7dceef1c6aa8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cde.news/londoners-urged-not-to-travel-due-to-extreme-heat/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.947484 | 507 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Finding 5: Few Use Mobile Phones To Provide Services
Companies haven't yet reached the tipping point to rapid adoption of mobile customer service, sales and marketing applications. True, 40 percent are or soon will provide information about their products or services via mobile phones or PDAs. But with pilot programs in the single digits, it may be a while until many more companies launch their own mobile marketing and service applications. But companies are reticent about providing account or personal information via mobile means. Given the higher security risks--easy to lose, easy to steal, lack of security software--for mobile devices, companies must tread carefully. | <urn:uuid:7d1476fa-f136-4c95-911e-5056aad8e52f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cioinsight.com/c/a/Research/How-IT-Can-Help-Attract-New-Customers/5 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00489-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929002 | 125 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Student newspapers are run by students, for students – and they have a longstanding tradition of being the place to go for information, opinion, recommendations, administrative news and anything else that students might need to know about university or local life.
They are also known for covering hard-hitting topics, whether that is holding senior leadership to account, covering disputes about accommodation or highlighting issues with representation, often empowering the student body to take collective action to influence change.
Many award-winning journalists started out their careers as keen student journalists, and for those looking to learn more about student culture as they set out on their university journey, student newspapers are a great place to start – providing high-quality original content unlike anything else.
Like many print publications, student newspapers have adapted their offering to remain relevant in the digital landscape. Students continue to innovate ensuring that printed and digital student newspapers maintain their longevity far into the future.
Reach Printing is proud to support the mission to keep university publications firmly on the news stand. We print some of the most prestigious student newspapers in the UK, including those for Newcastle University, King’s College London, Oxford University and Durham University – the latter of which is one of Britain’s oldest student publications, founded in 1948.
So, why are student newspapers so important?
They give students a voice.
In a world dominated by the many opinions and stories online, it can often feel like certain voices go unheard, especially for students. University newspapers allow for a student voice, offering the chance for expression and discussion on pressing social issues and student life.
University can be an isolating and scary time for some, particularly in the face of change. By empowering students through the university newspaper, they are able to communicate with their peers and provide an outlet for the student body to listen and engage with, reducing feelings of alienation.
They help to keep students safe.
Whilst university culture is often consumed by a lifestyle of studying and socialising, there is also a negative side to student life. Through the student newspaper, individuals become inspired to confront issues, whether that is mental health, crime or anything else and when enough people start to mention a problem, this encourages change within a student body.
Highlighting these types of stories in the university newspaper identifies regular issues and is more likely to have a greater impact on the reader, as one thing they share in common with the writer is the student experience.
They inspire careers.
Writing for the student newspaper is a stepping stone to a career. It teaches students similar values that are held within the workplace, such as working to a deadline, and provides students with the opportunity to try out various roles and duties in newspaper publication. These could include copywriting, photography and conducting research. Through student newspapers, young individuals are able to learn the skills that are required later on in life in a working environment.
Many successful journalists started out their careers at student newspapers.
They generate revenue.
Student newspapers are a fantastic way to generate funding. Forming connections within the local community and reaching out to businesses makes university papers a great platform to sell unique advertising space. Adverts presented in the student newspaper are likely to be better received, as readers know it has come from fellow students and ads can be easily customised to specifically target the university audience.
In short, university newspapers are vital not only to the team that produces them, but to the entire student body. Reach Printing will continue to support the publication of a diverse range of exciting student newspapers and journalism – and if you have a newspaper you’d like to get off the ground, get in touch today.
From all of the team at Reach Printing: Congratulations to everyone who has recently received their results – and Good Luck to all students waiting to receive results in the coming weeks.
At a time when digital communication is second nature, why is the world suddenly so caught up in the world of print?
A survey conducted by Phil Riebel, the president of Two Sides North America, concluded that:
In our previous blog, we discussed some of the benefits of print advertising, including brand recall, consumer trust and increased engagement. Another, less discussed area, where printed products come into their own is their ability to evoke an emotional response.
Print & Nostalgia
All of us can remember a certain book from our childhood. If you think about yours now, you can probably picture the cover perfectly in your mind. You can remember the weight of the book, the size of the font, the colours of the images, and perhaps even the scent. Perhaps you even remember the excitement of receiving the book and adding it to your collection.
Printed products have a special place in many people’s hearts. They can be strong triggers of nostalgia, evoking moments of security and safety which is perhaps why 82% of consumers report trusting printed advertising for purchasing decisions.
Readers report spending over 20 minutes on average reading publications, with many reporting the physical object of a magazine or a newspaper as being a big draw.
In fact, holding a printed product in your hand and experiencing the textures of different papers is an emotional process that circumvents the thinking part of our brain entirely. Textures we feel stimulate nerves in our fingers and hands which directly communicate with our central nervous system, creating a soothing sensation. Scientists are still investigating the causes for this interesting physical reaction, but it’s safe to say that the tactile benefits of the printed product are evident.
Print & Relaxation
Many people find pleasure in curling up with something to read, in a kind of mentally active relaxation that is hard to replicate with other mediums. Reading fully engages the mind and any activity that possesses meditative qualities in which the brain is fully focused on a single task is proven to reduce stress and enhance relaxation.
A study conducted by neuroscientists at the University of Sussex*, found that individuals who had read for merely six minutes exhibited slower heart rates, less muscle tension, and reduced stress levels. As the world becomes more digital, print has become a valid escape from screens and, certainly, a calm, relaxed audience is a more receptive audience.
From Emotion to Action
The emotional response to printed products makes them both experiential and enjoyable, but the benefits don’t stop there. Strong emotional responses often encourage further action. When people view print, they may:
- Save it for later
- Tell other people
- Pass it on
- Visit a website
- Read reviews
- Make a purchase
- Make a donation
- Plan a large purchase
- Use a voucher or a code
- Visit a shop, attraction, place or restaurant
- Order a catalogue or brochure
So, which emotional responses come up for you when you read a printed product? The long bank holiday weekend coming up might be the perfect moment to dedicate some time to the pleasure of reading!
*Lewis, D. (2009), Galaxy Stress Research. Mindlab International, Sussex University, UK
Despite the dip in 2020, digital advertising spend is booming once more with projections total worldwide spend of up to half a billion dollars by 2024. However, businesses have also shown they’re not ready to relinquish print. So, what does the road ahead look like? We decided to take a closer look!
In 2022, the benefits of digital advertising are clear:
- Digital ads allow market segmentation and demographic targeting with minute precision
- With an effective strategy, advertisers can keep costs low and return on investment (ROI) high.
- The ease of managing and adjusting campaigns means marketers can hone their messaging in near real-time
- And we have more data analytics, measurements, and insights to be drawn than ever before.
However, if you look at the metrics it becomes clear that print ads are still holding their own in the contemporary market mix. In their Global Print2025 report, Quocirca surveyed hundreds of businesses across the US, France, Germany, The Netherlands and the UK, and found that 64% of businesses expect print will still be important for the foreseeable future, and with good reason:
- Newsworks’ 2020 report demonstrates that advertising in print drives higher levels of brand recall vs digital – at 77% compared to 46%.
- According to a 2017 Burstein report, 82% of consumers trust print ads the most when making a purchase decision
- Print readers usually spend 20 minutes or more with their publication in hand
- Nearly 80% of consumers act on direct printed mail advertisements
- Print and direct mail marketing bring a 9% customer response rate.
It’s clear that digital marketing is here to stay but new mediums don’t always mean wholesale change. In 2020, there was a surge in the growth of print book sales and a decline in eBooks. Vinyl stores are on the rise, and direct mail is getting a new time to shine as a result of overflowing email inboxes!
So, what’s the right way to use print and digital together in 2022?
Can advertisers have their cake and eat it too?
The answer is an emphatic YES!
Print & Digital Join Forces: Welcome to the Omnichannel
The recent shift in the retail world demonstrates a solid blueprint for the future of digital and print advertising. Rather than viewing e-commerce and brick-and-mortar stores as siloed channels in a multi-channel strategy, businesses are favouring a seamless, convenient omnichannel approach with consumers at its heart.
Newsworks 2020 report noted the effectiveness of integrating print and digital:
- Consumers who see print ads go on visit the advertiser’s website—up 27% in 2020 from 12% in 2009
- Purchase intent of consumers who notice print ads increased to 22% in 2020 from 7% in 2009
So, what are the best practices and strategies for coherently combining print and digital advertising? Here are a few top tips:
One message, multiple touchpoints
A single video ad or flyer might pique your prospective customers’ interest but converting brand awareness into intent or action requires your message to be received multiple times. The contemporary customer journey is extremely complex and diverse, spanning offline and online phases, and in order to capture and hold attention, brands need to expand their tactics to hit as many touchpoints as possible.
An omnichannel print-digital campaign allows your campaign to be omnipresent! Through the use of multiple touchpoints across different mediums, your messaging can be regularly reinforced. Not only will this boost the effectiveness of your marketing campaign, taking a horizontal omnichannel approach is likely to reduce ad spend.
The key is to ensure that the primary message stays consistent through all channels employed. By using the same language and design elements across print and digital campaigns, advertisers can ensure they are recognisable and ever-present.
Work each medium to connect your campaigns
While campaigns should be designed to function in multiple channels, advertisers should keep the clear strengths of each medium in mind.
- Print is better at holding attention, creating a lasting impression and giving credibility
- Digital is instantaneous and interactive, combining audio and visual mediums and often allowing more detailed information to be shared
Thanks to the proliferation of smartphones and the surge in QR code use, linking print and digital campaigns has never been easier! A simple QR link on a print campaign can have multiple roles, including:
- Scan-to-buy print ads for one-click convenience
- Links to digital coupons to use in-store or online
- Allowing your customers to download full catalogues of products from a single product flyer
Plus, QR codes that link to unique landing pages can be used to track the ROI of print marketing campaigns, allowing a clear view of just how well they’re performing.
So What Does “Good” Look Like
Here are just a few examples of creative print-digital campaigns that take the omnichannel approach to the next level!
- Reporters Without Borders – QR Codes
Freedom of the press has never been more important, but there are plenty of places around the world where this right is not protected. Reporters Without Borders created this incredible interactive print ad to draw attention to the issue, focusing on controversial leaders.
By scanning a QR code at the bottom of the ad, readers were taken to a video to learn more about this pressing issue!
- NIVEA – Phone Charging Print Ad
Aside from forgetting your swimsuit, getting sunburnt and running out of battery are the two biggest concerns of a day at a beach. Nivea had a spark of inspiration and solved both issues with their phone charging print ad! Featuring a solar panel right in the magazine, readers were able to plugin and stay charged!
- Lexus – iPad activated ad
Lexus transmitted their strong brand identity as a technology innovator by using tablets to enhance their magazine ads. When an iPad was placed underneath the page, readers were treated to a moving light show that makes this print ad really jump off the page!
At Reach, the possibilities are endless! Get in touch with our team today to start exploring how you can use print to enhance your marketing materials with an omnichannel approach! | <urn:uuid:a6f98425-1b6a-4484-86a5-c46fe77e9fb0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://reachprintingservices.co.uk/prints-charming/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.949671 | 2,717 | 2.46875 | 2 |
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Just How Does CBD Connect With Infection Infections In Your Body?
CBD is one of the primary components of cannabis plant remove creating at least 40% of the overall essence. Unlike another main cannabinoid called THC, CBD is derived from hemp plant rather than marijuana.
The reason for acquiring CBD from hemp plant is because of the reality that it consists of as low as 0.3% or much less THC. THC does have medical benefits like CBD yet has one major problem of psychoactive effect. CBD is thought about much safer. It influences our body positively and assists in dealing with different medical conditions and also easing stress and anxiety, pain, anxiety, seizures, mood swings, and also nausea or vomiting and more.
There are numerous anecdotal evidences that show the advantages of CBD products on our wellness. When you are acquiring items from reputed shops like JUST CBD, you need not fret about the high quality and pureness of CBD in the item. A pure and appropriate content of CBD would create the very best result you desire from it. They disperse their items around the world, all their items are made in UNITED STATES. They also offer cost-free delivery within U.S.A. for products above $20.
CBD As Well As Immune System
The endocannabinoid system assists our body to keep homeostatis and it likewise regulates the functioning of cells consisting of those of immune system. CBD intercepts certain receptors that sets off immune response as well as as a result, works as an immunosuppressant. This residential or commercial property aids in taking here are the findings care of numerous autoimmune conditions.
CBD is both immunosuppressant and immunomodulator. Together with that it has confirmed anti-inflammatory homes. anonymous On the basis of the recent investigates it is located that CBD is a reliable antimicrobial that favorably affects our immune system. CBD fights against germs, fungus, MRSA (most prescription antibiotics are inadequate versus this bacterium). It is likewise crucial to understand that CBD can additionally shield you from fungal infections, like Candida albicans along with some viral infections.
Effect Of CBD On Virus
Viruses are tiny bacteria that strike healthy cells and increase within brief time. In protection the immune system creates inflammation and also increases body's temperature level. Currently couple of viruses utilize this swelling as methods to spread out throughout the body. Because CBD lowers inflammation in our body, it can cut off the possibilities of infection to spread out.
In some situations being immunosuppressant and also decreasing inflammation can spare some infection triggering infections. This way it is much more helpful towards the infection than to us.
An additional impact of CBD can be its function to limit enzymes which are really necessary for metabolizing most of the prescribed medicines. It also frequently generates results like medication communications. Appointment with your physician is really needed before providing CBD with various other drugs.
The research study on CBD's advantages is not full, many researches program that in situation of virus infection CBD does not always generate positive effect. Therefore, it is suggested to remain away from CBD if you are dealing with viral infections.
There are various anecdotal proofs that reveal the advantages of CBD items on our health. When you are buying items from reputed shops like JUST CBD, you need not worry regarding the high quality as well as pureness of CBD in the product. On the basis of the recent investigates it is located that CBD is a reliable antimicrobial that positively influences our immune system. It is likewise crucial to know that CBD can likewise safeguard you from fungal infections, like Yeast as well as some viral infections.
Since CBD reduces swelling in our body, it can cut off the chances of virus to spread.
“ Young ones can Management that quantity of vapor currently being produced so it’s not as straightforward to see when they're vaping as people Believe it can be.
“ I'm quite mindful of flavored tobacco solutions and also the sad issue is, so is my son. He could probably tell you more about solutions as a ten-12 months-aged than most Grownups. ”
Thank you to your Management from the combat to shield our youngsters from focusing on from the tobacco field. I’m so grateful that our city has banned the sale of flavored tobacco merchandise. We’re assisting to retain Children safe from the critical health and fitness pitfalls of nicotine.
university. Young children are buying and selling vapes in universities, Primarily disposable products like Puff Bar which can be bought in bulk for the big price cut.
I acknowledge that i'm offering authorization to become contacted relating to my Tale e mail post This is certainly an error many thanks!
They phased out the flavors that sooner or later turned limited. Did Juul reap the benefits of currently being partly owned and operated by large Tobacco giant, Altria, offering them usage of seasoned lobbyists?
sadly, Irrespective of our area ban and an FDA policy, menthol-flavored products and solutions remain available on the market and available to Children. So the flavor extensively acknowledged as large Tobacco’s starter item remains out there.
@US_FDA @US_FDA Your new flavored vaping policy has a giant loophole that exposes Young children Kawaii E-Juice to brain poison and places them at risk for dependancy. It’s time you prioritize kids’ life more than tobacco marketplace income.
The tobacco business uses flavors to spark curiosity and mask the harshness of tobacco. Sadly, it works. ninety seven% of Little ones who vape use flavors. What’s around the menu? Blue Razz, Pegasus Milk, and also other tempting tastes, all made with flavor chemical substances which will destruction the lungs. Nicotine
become involved in the community’s initiatives to overcome youth vaping, safeguard kids’ wellness, and support those people who are hooked.
“ I are convinced when pupils contemplate nicotine, they understand it’s not excellent but really feel like e-cigs don’t have much [nicotine], so it’s not a dilemma. They hear commercials about folks using this content Juul to stop smoking plus they Consider Juul is better than a cigarette. ”
Enter your zip code to locate neighborhood organizations Doing the job to safeguard Young children from harmful, addictive tobacco items.
“ one among the biggest problems with vaping is how paranoid and simply irritated I am, as I’m normally seeing my back again to be certain I don’t get caught. ”
“ As typical, my child understood more details on the subject than I did, but I used to be ready. The dialogue starters aided make this important converse not merely A further lecture. ” | <urn:uuid:eb712b26-ad91-4088-944e-6bd55cd773c2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://flowbikini.com/e-vapor-zone-vape-store-situated-in-attleboro-falls-02763-ma-865 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.951437 | 1,475 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Have you ever wondered whether you are using Outlook's contact tools to the best of the program's ability? What are ways to improve your usage of Outlook's contacts tools? Find out by reading on.
Contacts Folder Basics
You may have email addresses and names stored in your contacts folder within Microsoft Outlook - perhaps you've even gone so far as to enter a phone number or two - but have you been using contacts as powerfully as you can? When you open Outlook, you can add new contacts in the following ways:
- Control+Shift+C from any screen in Outlook
- Control+N in the contacts folder
- Manually entering the contact in from the contacts folder by entering in a name and company on the first line. You can then double click this line to enter the rest of the information in.
Once you have opened the new contact file, you should take a moment to get acquainted with the different fields. The fields are:
- Full Name - if you click on this, you can enter in all name details including title, first, middle, last and suffix.
- Company - This can be helpful, especially for clients
- Job title
- File As - Select how you want the contact's information to appear in your contacts list
- E-Mail - You can enter up to three email addresses for each contact
- Display as - The name you want to see when you receive or send email to this contact
- Web page address
- IM Address - unfortunately there's only space for one.
- Phone Numbers - you have four slots here and several different options to track multiple numbers
Addresses - you have options of business, home, and other and you can select which address is the mailing address
- Notes - We'll come back to some uses for this section later
- Business card
These are the fields on the first contact page. You might not use all these fields for every contact, but you should aim to fill in as many as you can (and go through and update these fields should contact information change).
Tracking All Contact Information
You can track a lot of contact information using Outlook's contact folder. The second page of your contact form includes additional information:
- Manager's Name
- Assistant's Name
By filling in this additional information, you can make your follow up emails more personable, know who to contact in case of a referral, and enter birthdays and anniversaries automatically on your calendar (so you don't forget these important dates again). But this isn't all, you can also keep track of your contact's social networking websites. Here's how:
- Open a new contact window
- Click on the option, "All Fields" just to the left of "Details" in the ribbon
- Click on "New" at the bottom of this page
- Enter the name of a social networking website
- Enter the contact's social network address
- Save and close
You can also add this new field to the contact list view. To do this, make sure you're viewing the contact list in one of the list views (i.e. phone list, company list, etc.). Right click on the titles bar. Select "Field Chooser" and scroll down to "User-created fields." Drag and drop the field into the field bar. Now you can view the social networking information on the list view.
Organizing Your Contacts
Now that you have a long list of contact information, you can organize your contacts. First, you must determine your categories. I have several different categories including:
- Current Clients
- Past Clients
- Prospective Clients
- Cold Call List
- Networking List
- Former Professors and Colleagues
- Holiday Card List/Year
- Newsletter List
Some of these categories overlap. For example, if I send a holiday card or a newsletter to a contact, that contact has dual categorization.
When categorizing contacts, it isn't necessary to use the color coding system unless you want to. I just have all the categories for my contacts appear as white - but I do place a period in front of the name of the category, so I don't have to spend a lot of time searching through the category list for the right category for a contact. To create new custom categories, click on "Categories" then "All Categories." Choose "new" and title your category. Repeat for the categories you wish to create in Outlook.
Using the Contact Notes Field
During all of this, you may have noticed the contacts notes field in the bottom right hand corner. What do you do with this field? Here are some ideas:
- If you attend lots of networking events, record how you met the contact and a few relevant pieces of information to help you when you follow up.
- You can use this field for automatic journaling - it will track all activities associated with this contact and provide links to the activities
- Gift ideas
- Date of last follow-up
- Additional contact information
- Names of projects you've worked on with contact
Resume information regarding the contact if a client
The notes field is unlimited in size. What you put in this field is literally limited only by you. One suggestion: If you are going to use this field and you find yourself recording similar information for each entry, you may just want to create a new field as discussed on page one when discussing how to track social networking sites - go to all fields and click new. Enter in the new field.
Distribution lists are a great tool when you communicate with a certain group of people on a regular basis. To create a distribution list either click on "New" in the ribbon and scroll down to distribution list or use control+shift+L as a shortcut.
Next, you are going to add contacts to your list. You can do this two ways. Either click "Select members" and scroll through your list of already added members or click "Add New" and add new members. To send an email to the distribution list, you can either click "Email" or you can add the distribution list to an email by typing the name.
Finally, you can track when you last sent a newsletter, or information to the distribution list by using the notes section. Check out your notes to see when you last sent information to the distribution set so you can set when the next information should be sent. | <urn:uuid:eb8c4d5a-e868-4f6c-9008-e6d92f0ac3cb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.brighthub.com/computing/windows-platform/articles/60335.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00039-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.904315 | 1,318 | 1.914063 | 2 |
NASHVILLE, TN — Recent scientific advances enabled the coronavirus vaccines to be developed in just a few weeks instead of months or years. But this is not just an overnight success story. In fact, most of them have roots in the research of Nashville scientist Dr. Barney Graham and others at Vanderbilt University in the 1990s.
Present coronavirus vaccines were based on decades of research into other infectious diseases, like HIV. For years, scientists had tried to engineer a protein for HIV that would neutralize antibodies in patients. They haven’t succeeded in the experiment, but then Graham began applying protein engineering to Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV).
Graham and McLellan focused on working on the F proteins that stick out of the RSV. Graham immediately recognized that the precision in protein engineering could be used in developing vaccines for RSV and other enveloped viruses, including coronaviruses.
Coronavirus was becoming a threat to humans, starting with the SARS (Severe acute respiratory syndrome) outbreak in 2002 and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) in 2012, which caused 40 percent fatality in those infected. Coronaviruses got their name from the spike proteins that cover the exterior.
After a little success with SARS and MERS, Graham and McLellan turned to the more common coronavirus, HKU1, and quickly stabilizing the spike protein. Despite their success, they struggled to get their research published.
“Everybody said, ‘Why are you working on coronaviruses? They just cause the common cold’,” Graham says.
Meanwhile, Graham was working on techniques to combat the mosquito-borne Zika virus. Along with the NIH colleagues, they worked rapidly to develop a vaccine delivered by DNA. They also partnered with a new Massachusetts biotech company, Moderna, that had developed quicker vaccines techniques. Rather than using DNA, the researchers use RNA to deliver the instructions for cells to make the same proteins.
Even though the vaccines were successful, the Zika epidemic had declined. In 2017, they worked together with Moderna to combine the precision antigen design with the mRNA delivery. They focused on the coronaviruses and paramyxovirus.
In early 2020, Moderna was ready to manufacture the Nipah mRNA and take it into a human clinical trial. But, on January 6, 2020, for the first time, the world was warned of the epidemic in Wuhan caused by a virus. Later, the whole world is in danger of getting the virus and is now caught in a worldwide pandemic.
On January 10, 2020, Chinese scientists released the genetic sequence of the virus, SARS-CoV-2. One day later, Graham and McLellan worked together in creating sequences to make the protein for solving structures and start a trial on immunizing mice.
While McLellan was revealing the atomic structure of the new spike, Graham provided a sequence for Moderna to begin manufacturing mRNA to be injected into mice.
“Even though we didn’t have any antibodies yet,” he says, “you could see the protein was in the right shape, and it was likely going to work.”
The first cases of COVID-19 had emerged in the United States back in 2020 and adding new urgency to their mission to produce vaccines as fast as possible in combating the coronavirus. The vaccine on animals stated showing efficacy, and they started to arrange to test the vaccine on humans. Neuzil and his team worked together in designing a trial of the first eight subjects in Seattle on March 16, followed by another 37.
“Within 41 days after we gave Moderna the protein sequence, they gave us back an mRNA product that could be put into people,” Graham said. “We did animal and human studies in parallel, at the same time, so we would always have the data we needed to start the next stage.”
“People say how could they make vaccines for corona so fast,” he says. “Well, they did it based on more than 30 years of research on RSV, HIV and MERS.”
This is original content from NewsBreak’s Creator Program. Join today to publish and share your own content. | <urn:uuid:7380d1fc-26dd-48eb-a29f-990e397da4ff> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://original.newsbreak.com/@dex-walker-1587700/2316313986215-how-nashville-scientist-dr-barney-graham-began-groundbreaking-covid-19-vaccine-research-decades-ago | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.969222 | 890 | 3.5 | 4 |
In my previous post, I spoke about self-care for entrepreneurs in terms of taking care of ourselves to prevent burnout. In this next post I want to build on that. I’m going to discuss goal setting and why, when we’re deciding on goals – bigger isn’t always better.
Walk, Don’t Run
I think a lot of us go about setting goals all wrong. We’re taught to be ambitious, think big and change the world. Now, I don’t want to seem pessimistic. But being pragmatic; if we start the day with big, lofty goals that are unrealistic – by the end of the day, we haven’t realised any of them. And that can feel deflating.
Taking that feeling to bed with you and waking up the next morning, you feel a bit lesser off. Your confidence is knocked. If we repeat that process over and over, we can find ourselves falling into a downward spiral towards burn out.
What I have found really useful – especially during tough times or when my back was against the wall – is to aim small.
Aim small enough for you to succeed.
Inch Towards Success
If we take action with tasks we know we can accomplish, ticking those off and succeeding: that builds confidence. Arriving at the end of the day having achieved what you wanted to is satisfying. And that will incrementally build day after day, each time we tick off one of those goals.
You sleep better as a result and wake up the next day with that little ‘lift,’ knowing that the day before was a success. It doesn’t matter if they’re not huge things. They are do-able. If necessary, you can look at it as “aim low enough to succeed.” Because, in comparison, aiming high with no short term objectives to complete in between – will lead to burnout.
The overall aim of small goal-setting is: are you in a better place than you were yesterday? If a day can be answered with a yes, then that is progress. And (like I explained in my previous post) it’s far better to aim for ‘done,’ rather than ‘perfect.’
The Science Bit
When you start completing achievable goals in a measured way, you accumulative positive experiences consistently over time. When we complete a task, our brains give us a little hit of dopamine – the achievement hormone “that enables you to make the effort it requires to be successful.” If our goals are messy and unclear, it is difficult to quantify measures of success in completing them. For instance, if your only goal in business was to “open a hotel” – you wouldn’t achieve that one goal for months, even years. This makes it very difficult to stay motivated if we are never seeing rewards for our hard work. So ‘aiming low enough to succeed’ – can actually be far more productive and beneficial.
As an entrepreneur, I’ve had my fair share of aimless days when by the end of the day, I didn’t even know what I’d achieved. I’d just think of all the things I didn’t get done, rather than the things I did – because I couldn’t see any tangible results.
Why is this important now?
Speaking from experience, I can say that setting small goals has a lovely way of building momentum, taking you to a really good place. And this, I think, is especially important right now. The accumulation of these positive moments will most certainly benefit you in the challenging times we are currently facing. It is during these unpredictable times when it is more important than ever to have that bit of confidence to get you through, knowing you have progress behind you.
I hope in sharing this with you, you can see the value of applying this technique in the long-run. How do you set your goals in business and in life? Are they manageable or do they seem overwhelming? Drop me a message, and see if you’re using your time as best you can. | <urn:uuid:be9e61a6-959e-4f05-8d7e-baa1c2b43fbe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jamiewhite.com/when-setting-goals-think-smaller-vs-bigger-heres-why/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.965933 | 864 | 2.046875 | 2 |
NEW YORK – Rocketrip, the leading tech platform for reducing corporate travel costs, announced the launch of Rocketrip Copilot, a feature that rewards administrative assistants for booking travel under budget. When admins book itineraries on behalf of other employees, they can earn a percentage of the savings they achieve. Copilot is designed to suit the needs of large enterprises and Fortune 500 companies in which admins book travel on behalf of executives.
Rocketrip motivates business travelers to save money on trips by rewarding them with points that can be redeemed for gift cards and merchandise, charitable contributions, travel benefits, and other rewards. Copilot extends these incentives to the admins who book their colleagues’ travel and are responsible for finding cost-effective options. For each itinerary, admins generate a customized “Budget to Beat” based on real-time prices for flights, hotels, trains, and rental cars. When they book under budget, Copilot awards them a percentage of the savings.
“Given that a significant volume of trips booked by our Fortune 500 clients are booked by administrative assistants, they asked if Rocketrip could reward admins for saving the company money. Copilot is our answer,” said Dan Ruch, CEO of Rocketrip. “Just like other users, Copilots can see their potential savings and rewards for each trip, in real-time, as they put together an itinerary. With Copilot, everyone’s interests are aligned, including the company’s, the employee’s, and the admin’s.“
Rocketrip users who book their own trips typically split travel savings 50-50 with their employers. With Copilot activated, a company can set a reward rate for admins – usually 10 to 20 percent of the total savings. By motivating travelers, and now admins, to identify savings opportunities, Rocketrip reduces its clients’ average trip cost by 30 percent. | <urn:uuid:ccdcea7c-1519-4a19-9129-233af9572e23> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://silverbacktravelservices.com/rocketrip-copilot-rewards-admins-for-saving-on-business-travel/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00115-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944483 | 390 | 1.5625 | 2 |
- Open Access
Genetic variation, population structure and linkage disequilibrium in Switchgrass with ISSR, SCoT and EST-SSR markers
Hereditas volume 153, Article number: 4 (2016)
To evaluate genetic variation, population structure, and the extent of linkage disequilibrium (LD), 134 switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) samples were analyzed with 51 markers, including 16 ISSRs, 20 SCoTs, and 15 EST-SSRs.
In this study, a high level of genetic variation was observed in the switchgrass samples and they had an average Nei’s gene diversity index (H) of 0.311. A total of 793 bands were obtained, of which 708 (89.28 %) were polymorphic. Using a parameter marker index (MI), the efficiency of the three types of markers (ISSR, SCoT, and EST-SSR) in the study were compared and we found that SCoT had a higher marker efficiency than the other two markers. The 134 switchgrass samples could be divided into two sub-populations based on STRUCTURE, UPGMA clustering, and principal coordinate analyses (PCA), and upland and lowland ecotypes could be separated by UPGMA clustering and PCA analyses. Linkage disequilibrium analysis revealed an average r2 of 0.035 across all 51 markers, indicating a trend of higher LD in sub-population 2 than that in sub-population 1 (P < 0.01).
The population structure revealed in this study will guide the design of future association studies using these switchgrass samples.
Genetic diverstiy is a significant factor that contributes to crop improvement. Evaluation of genetic variation in contemporary germplasm through breeding programs may be indirectly favorable for genetic progress in future cultivars . Thus, estimation of plant diversity is crucial for the efficacious use of genetic resources in breeding programs. Molecular markers, as particular segments of DNA that represent different functional classes, play an essential role in all aspects of plant breeding, and have been widely used to estimate genetic variation.
Compared with conventional phenotyping methods, molecular markers have numerous advantages as they are easily detectable and stable in plant tissues regardless of environmental influences . The inter simple sequence repeat marker (ISSR) is highly polymorphic and is useful in studies of genetic diversity, genome mapping and evolutionary biology . This PCR-based technique is used in various types of plants and can overcome many defects of other marker methods, such as high-cost of amplified fragment length (AFLP) and the low reproducibility of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) . Start codon targeted marker (SCoT) is a reliable and simple gene-targeted marker located on the translational start codon . This technique involves designing single primers from the short conserved region flanking the ATG start codon without knowing any further genomic sequence information. It has been used in peanut and mango crops for genetic diversity and cultivar relationship analysis . Expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeats marker (EST-SSR) detects variation based on the expressed portion of the genome from EST databases, thus explaining the low cost of development compared with the genomic simple sequence repeat marker (SSR) . These EST-SSR primers can be used across various species for comparative mapping and the construction of genetic linkage maps [9, 10]. Each marker type has unique advantages and these three marker systems have found extensive application in the evaluation of genetic variation, population structure, and assisted selection for crop improvement [3, 11–14]. Many studies have shown that these markers are mainly used to develop genetic linkage maps [15, 16], however, fewer studies have focused on constructing linkage disequilibrium (LD) maps. Remarkably, LD and linkage are two different genetic terms, where LD refers to correlation between alleles in a population, while LD means the correlated inheritance of loci through physical connection on a chromosome . Some factors can affect the LD level, including allele frequency and recombination. Unlike linkage analysis, LD mapping relies on a natural population which is used to identify the relationships between genetic and phenotypic variation. LD mapping, that is association analysis, represents a useful tool to identify trait-marker relationships, and the first LD mapping of a quantitative trait was the analysis of flowering time and the dwarf8 gene in maize .
Linkage disequilibrium (LD), referring to the nonrandom association of alleles between linked or unlinked loci, is the basis of association mapping to identify genetic regions associated with agronomic traits . Recently, LD studies have been performed in various plants, such as rice (Oryza sativa L.) , barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) , Maize (Zea mays L.) , chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) , perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) , and the model legume, Medicago truncatula . The level of LD is constantly regarded as a standard to reflect mapping resolution. Association mapping in populations with low LD requires a high number of markers, whereas a high LD means low mapping resolution . In addition, information about population structure within germplasm collections is also crucial for the interpretation and identification of associations between genetic and functional diversity, and to assess whether the inter-sample relatedness is suitable for association studies [26–28]. Therefore, population structure is also included as an effect in models used for association analysis. [15, 29].
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), as a warm season C4 perennial grass that is native to North America , is regarded as an important biofuel crop for its remarkable biomass yield and good adaptability on marginal lands thereby not competing with food crops on farmland [31–33]. In this study, we explored two distinct forms of switchgrass, upland and lowland ecotypes. The upland accessions are distributed in northern cold areas with lower biomass than lowland varieties. Generally, upland switchgrass is shorter (≤2.4 m, tall) than lowland types (≥ 2.7 m) in favorable environments. However, lowland cultivars appear more sensitive to moisture stress than upland cultivars .
Constructing association maps comparing the physiological and genetic basis of varying stresses can provide an available reference for the genetic improvement of switchgrass, and the evaluation of the level of LD and population structure can aid association analyses. To date, however, LD analysis across the switchgrass genome remains inadequate . In our study, we present 134 switchgrass accessions supplied by Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, Griffin, Georgia USA to identify the levels of genetic variation, population structure, and extent of LD using 51 markers including 16 ISSRs, 20 SCoTs, and 15 EST-SSRs. These results will provide a valuable molecular basis for enriching switchgrass genetic variation, and the information on the level of LD and population structure may guide association mapping using this representative collection.
Here we constructed a three-marker molecular dataset with important applications for diversity analysis, establishment of population structure and evaluation of linkage disequilibrium in switchgrass which is an allogamous species.
Results and discussion
Genetic variation analysis
The ISSR, SCoT, and EST-SSR primers were screened using the selected four genotypes [PI421999 (AM-314/MS-155), PI422006 (Alamo), PI642190 (Falcon), and PI642207 (70SG 016)]. After the initial screening, the numbers of selected ISSR, SCoT, and EST-SSR primers used in further studies were reduced to 16, 20, and 15 pairs, respectively (Table 1).
These three marker systems (ISSR, SCoT, and EST-SSR) have been used for cultivar identification and genetic variation assessment in many plant species [36–39]. In this study, these markers were successfully used to differentiate switchgrass accessions. A total of 51 primer pairs were used and 793 bands were produced, with a mean of 15.5 bands per primer, among which 89.28 % were polymorphic. Our results suggested that ISSR, SCoT, and EST-SSR analyses could contribute to the detection of genetic variation. In addition, Nei’s (1973) gene diversity index (H) and Shannon’s information index (I) was 0.311 and 0.471, respectively, and the similarity coefficient, ranging from 0.162 to 0.857 with an average of 0.510 was similar to other studies on switchgrass, in which the similarity coefficients were estimated to be between 0.45 to 0.81 or 0.53 to 0.78 . This indicates that switchgrass has abundant genetic variation and is a highly heterogenous species . The AMOVA of the distance matrix for the genotypes permitted a partitioning of the overall variation into two levels: between upland and lowland ecotypes and within a population. The results revealed genetic differentiation between upland and lowland ecotypes (P < 0.001), with 31.42 % of genetic variation between ecotypes and 68.58 % of genetic variation within ecotypes. Similar results were obtained in other switchgrass germplasm collections [40, 43, 44] and in other perennial, and cross-pollinated plants .
Marker efficiency analysis
In this study, we extracted genomic DNA from an individual so that we were able to obtain complete genetic information including allele numbers, gene frequency and observed heterozygosity for marker efficiency analysis. A parameter marker index (MI) was used to compare the efficiencies of the three assays in the collection of 134 switchgrass genotypes (Table 2). There was almost no disparity between the average band informativeness (Ibav) indice for ISSRs, SCoTs, and EST-SSRs, which were 0.38, 0.43, and 0.36, respectively. However, the effective multiplex ratio (EMR) index for ScoT (20.10) was twice as high as that of the ISSRs (12.25) and three times as high as that of the EST-SSRs (7.33). The MI calculation indicated an efficient and distinctive nature of the SCoTs with the MI for these markers (8.64) higher than the other two assays examined here (4.66 for ISSRs and 2.64 for EST-SSRs).
A parameter MI, has been widely used to evaluate the overall utility of each marker system . The high MI in the SCoTs results from its high EMR, making these markers appropriate for fingerprinting or evaluating genetic variation in breeding populations [48, 49]. In addition, the SCoTs performed well in other species. Compared with ISSR and inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP), SCoT markers were more informative than IRAP and ISSR for the assessment of diversity among Persian oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) individuals . Results from the evaluation on the genetic variation of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars indicated that the SCoT analysis represents actual relationships better than the ISSR analysis .
Population structure analysis
After removing low frequency bands (considering MAF ≤ 0.05), we analyzed the data from 51 pairs of ISSR, SCoT, and EST-SSR primers to understand the population structure of the entire switchgrass collection based on a Bayesian clustering approach using STRUCTURE . The number of subpopulations (K) was identified based on maximum likelihood and ΔK values. For the 134 switchgrass genotypes the maximum ΔK was observed at K = 2 (Fig. 1), with genotypes falling into two subpopulations. Using a membership probability threshold of 0.75, 76 genotypes were assigned to subpopulation 1 (G1), out of which, 69 genotypes belonged to upland ecotypes, and the remaining 7 were lowland. Subpopulation 2 (G2) contained 42 genotypes, and all of them were upland ecotypes. The remaining 16 genotypes were classified into an admixed group as they had membership probabilities lower than 0.75 in any given subpopulation. With the maximum membership probability, 91 accessions were assigned to G1 and 43 accessions to G2 (Fig. 2).
The UPGMA cluster analysis from 51 markers generated a dendrogram, demonstrating that the 134 genotypes could be clearly divided into two groups (Fig. 3). The dendrogram clustered all of the lowland ecotypes (LL) into the first. The second group contained all of the upland ecotypes (UL). Other methods have also been used to cluster upland and lowland switchgrass ecotypes. Missaoui et al adopted restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers to analyze the genetic relationships among 21 switchgrass genotypes, resulting in three upland and eighteen lowland genotypes clusteringinto two different groups . Huang et al identified differences between the coding sequences of a nuclear gene encoding plastid acetyl-CoA carboxylase in upland and lowland ecotypes genetic variation analysis at gene level, provided by Huang et al researching about a nuclear gene encoding plastid acetyl-CoA carboxylase . In this study, we preliminarily presented population structure analysis of 7 lowland and 127 upland genotypes using 51 ISSR, SCoT, and EST-SSR primer pairs, resulting in an apparently separate cluster among the two ecotypes, confirming the genetic differences between upland and lowland ecotypes. However, as we do not have as many lowland switchgrass samples as upland, we highly recommend more lowland ecotype or other nuclear markers should be used in conjunction with ISSR, SCoT and EST-SSR to more appropriately classify upland and lowland ecotypes.
Based on modified Rogers distances (MRD), PCA separated the 134 genotypes into two major groups, which was consistent with assignments generated by STRUCTURE and the UPGMA dendrogram (Fig. 4). Seven genotypes formed group 1 (Fig. 4, upper right), and the other 127 genotypes, belonging to group 2, were mainly distributed at the lower portion of the plot. The accessions belonging to G1 inferred by the STRUCTURE analysis were all distributed on the right portion of the resulting plot, while G2 was distributed on the left portion of the plot. The distribution of G1 accessions was less tightly clustered than G2, indicating accessions in G1 had higher diversity than G2 (Fig. 4).
Before analyzing LD and association mapping, the analysis of population structure emphasizes the need for the genetic analysis of different ecotypes . The UPGMA cluster and PCA analysis demonstrated that 134 genotypes could be clearly divided into two groups (Figs. 1 and 4), and the lowland and upland germplasm clusters were almost completely separated, which was consistent with the results of several other switchgrass studies [41, 55, 56]. For the UPGMA cluster analysis, the first group only included lowland ecotypes, while the second group contained upland ecotypes and could be further classified into two subgroups. Subgroup 1 (G1) contained 83 genotypes, while the remaining 43 belonged to subgroup 2 (G2). The 46 accessions of the 70SG series and 42 accessions of the 71SG series dispersed into these two subgroups are from the same geographical distribution of North Dakota, United States. This indicates that most of the germplasm sub-clustered in accordance with different regions [43, 55], and the assignment of 132 accessions (98.51 % of the total) by the UPGMA cluster analysis was consistent with their classification using PCA (Fig. 4). Unexpectedly, in the STRUCTURE analysis, the 127 upland genotypes were assigned to two subpopulations, possibly because the UPGMA and STRUCTURE programs calculate parameters in different ways. Clusters are generated in STRUCTURE based on both transitory Hardy–Weinberg disequilibrium and LD caused by admixture between populations , while the UPGMA dendrogram generates clusters based on the genetic distance among populations .
Linkage disequilibrium estimation
After the deletion of low frequency alleles (MAF ≤ 5 %), the 51 ISSRs, SCoTs, and EST-SSRs with unknown chromosome information were used to evaluate the extent of LD among the switchgrass samples. In the collection, interallelic r2 values, the association between any pair of alleles from different loci, were calculated and ranged from 0.000 to 1.000 with an average r2 of 0.035. Across all 51 loci, 247,456 locus pairs were detected in the 134 switchgrass samples. Among all of the locus pairs, 7107 of 135,718 (5.24 %) showed LD at the P < 0.001 level for G1 and 5415 locus pairs (3.99 %) were found at r2 > 0.1 at P < 0.001. For G2, 84,154 locus pairs were detected, 4833 were significant pairs (P < 0.001, 5.74 %), while 4235 locus pairs (5.03 % of 84,154) were found at r2 > 0.1 at P < 0.001. The mean r2 for all materials was 0.480 (P < 0.001), and the LD in G2 (0.668, ranging from 0.068 to 1.000) was significantly (P < 0.001) larger than that in G1 (0.291, ranging from 0.066 to 1.000) (P < 0.01).
Populations with high levels of outcrossing have relatively low LD . Among outcrossing maize (Zea mays L.), Remington et al. found lower levels of LD among 47 SSR loci (9.7 % of SSR pairs performing LD at P < 0.01), compared to LD data from an SSR survey of inbred lines of maize, which showed high levels of LD . For switchgrass, LD data comparisons showed a trend towards higher LD in G2 (mean r2 = 0.668) including 42 genotypes all belonging to upland ecotypes, compared with G1 (mean r2 = 0.291), which contained 76 genotypes, including 7 lowland ecotypes.
A total of 134 switchgrass genotypes, representing most of the natural geographical distribution areas of switchgrass supplied by the Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, Griffin, Georgia USA were used in this study. These included 7 lowland genotypes originating from 5 US states and 127 upland genotypes originating from Belgium and 15 US states (Table 3). The full accession data and information on switchgrass germplasm comes from ARS GRIN (http://www.ars-grin.gov/). The 134 genotypes, including one seedling from each accession, were grown and maintained in the experimental farm of the Sichuan Agricultural University during the 2012 growing season.
DNA extraction and marker genotyping
Genomic DNA was extracted from tender leaves of each individual using a modified cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method . ISSR [designed by the University of British Columbia (UBC set No. 9)], EST-SSR , and SCoT primer sequences were aligned to the Panicum reference genome using the bl2seq blast program in NCBI (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/), which was designed to eliminate redundancies. Initially, four germplasms were used to screen marker primers [PI421999 (AM-314/MS-155), PI422006 (Alamo), PI642190 (Falcon), and PI642207 (70SG 016)]. The selected primers were synthesized by the Shanghai Sangon Biological Engineering Technology and Service Company (Shanghai, China) to genotype the collection.
ISSR-PCR was carried out according to Li et al as follows: the total reaction volume was 15 μL and contained 20 ng template DNA, approximately 1.0 μM primer, 7.5 μL Mix (10 × PCR buffer, Mg2+, dNTPs; Tiangen Biotech, Beijing, China), and 1 U Taq polymerase. Amplifications were performed in a BioRad iCycle PCR machine (BIO-RAD Certified) under the following conditions: 95 °C for 5 min, followed by 35 cycles of the following: 95 °C for 45 s, 52–55 °C for 45 s, and 72 °C for 90 s. A final extension was conducted at 72 °C for 7 min. All PCR bands were visualized on 1 % polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 1 × TBE buffer. Silver staining was used to visualize the bands. The SCoT-PCR amplification reaction was conducted in a total volume of 15 μL according to Collard and Mackill , and containing 10 ng template DNA, 0.8 mM primers, 1.2 mM MgCl2, 0.4 mM dNTPs, and 1 U Taq DNA polymerase (Tiangen Biotech, Beijing, China). PCR amplification had an initial denaturation step of 5 min at 95 °C, followed by 45 s at 95 °C, 45 s at 55 °C, 1.5 min at 72 °C for 30 cycles, and 7 min at 72 °C. PCR products were visualized following agarose gel (1.5 %) electrophoresis at 120Vfor 1.5 h in 1 × TBE buffer, followed by staining with GelRed (Tiangen Biotech, Beijing, China). The EST-SSR PCR consisted of a denaturation for 5 min at 94 °C then 35 cycles of 30 s at 94 °C, 30 s at 53–55 °C, and 2 min at 72 °C, with a final extension of 5 min at 72 °C and products were visualized as described above.
Genetic variation and marker efficiency analysis
For each marker, polymorphic alleles were scored as “1” for presence and “0” for absence at the same mobility, and this data was used to construct an original data matrix. Using Excel 2007 and POPGENE v.1.32 , corresponding diversity parameters were estimated including: total number of bands (TNB), number of polymorphic bands (NPB), percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB), Nei’s (1973) gene diversity index (H), and Shannon’s information index (I). AMOVA v.1.55 was employed to reveal genetic variation among groups and within a population . The data input to POPGENE and AMOVA was produced by DCFA v.1.1 .
The comparative efficiency of ISSRs, SCoTs, and EST-SSRs in these 134 switchgrass genotypes was assessed with MI. MI is the product of the EMR and the Ibav for the polymorphic markers . EMR is explained as the average number of polymorphic bands . Ibav is defined as:
pi is the proportion of the i-th amplification site, n represents the total number of amplification site.
Population structure analysis
The model-based program STRUCTURE v.2.3.4 (http://pritchardlab.stanford.edu/structure.html) was applied to assess the population structure of the 134 switchgrass genotypes with 51 ISSRs, SCoTs, and EST-SSRs. The number of subpopulations (K) was set from 1 to 10 based on admixture models and correlated band frequencies. With 5 × 105 Markov Chain Monte Carlo replications carried out for each run after a burn-in period of 106 iterations, 20 independent runs were performed per K. When there was a clear maximum value for posterior probability [LnP(D)] output in STRUCTURE, a K value was selected in the range of 1 to 10 subpopulations. The most probable K value was the ΔK, an ad hoc quantity related to the rate of change in LnP(D) between successive K inferred by STRUCTURE . The replication of K showing the maximum likelihood was applied to subdivide the genotypes into different groups with membership probabilities ≥ 0.75. Genotypes with less than 0.75 membership probabilities were assigned to an admixed group. Bar charts from the STRUCTURE data were displayed using Distruct 1.1 .
A dendrogram was drawn using FreeTree and TreeView programs (http://web.natur.cuni.cz/flegr/freetree.php) based on Nei-Li genetic similarity coefficient with unweighted pair group method average (UPGMA) clustering.
To reveal relationships among the 134 switchgrass genotypes, a figure of two-dimensional scatterplots representing all of the genotypes was obtained for principal coordinate analysis (PCA) using NTsys-pc v.2.1 . All of the switchgrass individuals were analyzed to calculate MRD . The resulting genetic distance matrices were double-centered and used to obtain eigenvectors by the modules DCENTER and EIGEN using NTsys-pc.
Evaluation of linkage disequilibrium
The significance of pairwise LD was evaluated using squared band-frequency correlations (r2) between all combinations of marker loci using the package TASSEL version 2.1 (http://www.maizegenetics.net/bioinformatics) . Rare bands with a band frequency of less than 5 % were removed to avoid biased evaluations of LD because of their large variances. Other pairs of bands were evaluated with a minor band frequency of at least 5 % (MAF ≥ 0.05) with the GDA 1.1 program .
The results of this study showed a great level of genetic variation among switchgrass germplasm. The switchgrass accessions were clearly divided into two groups containing upland and lowland ecotypes. For the first time, we revealed the extent of LD and population structure in switchgrass. The implications of these results in terms of utilizing association mapping for genes or QTL discovery in switchgrass were discussed. For further association mapping using a collection of switchgrass samples, we highly recommend the inclusion of more lowland ecotypes or the use of other nuclear markers in conjunction with ISSR, SCoT and EST-SSR.
effective multiplex ratio
expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeats marker
Nei’s gene diversity index
Shannon’s information index
- Ibav :
inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism
inter simple sequence repeat marker
modified Rogers distances
number of polymorphic bands
principal coordinate analyses
percentage of polymorphic bands
start codon targeted marker
simple sequence repeat marker
total number of bands
unweighted pair group method average
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This work was supported by the National High-Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program) of China (No. 2012AA101801-02), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. 31201845), the spring plan of Ministry of Education, and the Sichuan Agricultural University Students Innovation Plan (No. 121062603).
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
L-KH and X-QZ conceived the project and designed the experiments. YZ, X-MJ, and H-DY performed the experiment. H-DY, X-LW and YZ wrote the paper. BX and L-XZ revised the paper. All authors discussed the results and commented on the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, Y., Yan, H., Jiang, X. et al. Genetic variation, population structure and linkage disequilibrium in Switchgrass with ISSR, SCoT and EST-SSR markers. Hereditas 153, 4 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41065-016-0007-z
- Genetic variation
- Linkage disequilibrium
- Panicum virgatum L
- Population structure | <urn:uuid:6a358413-294f-462a-afdd-5100b462e673> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hereditasjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41065-016-0007-z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.855845 | 10,497 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Synopses & Reviews
First published in London in 1899, this classic tale by Helen Bannerman tells the story of a little boy named Sambo who encounters four hunger tigers, outwits them, and turns them into butter, before returning safely home to eat a 169 pancakes for his supper.
The classic story by Helen Banner man of a young Indian boy who meets up with a tiger and turns him into butter.
First published in London in 1899, this is the classic tale of a little boy who meets four hungry tigers, outwits them, and turns them into butter.
About the Author
HELEN BRODIE BANNERMAN (1862-1946) was born in Scotland. The daughter of a chaplain, she lived for over thirty years in India. She married a doctor in the Indian Medical Service and they had two daughters. THE STORY OF LITTLE BLACK SAMBO was written by Mrs. Bannerman to amuse her young girls during a long train journey and first published in 1899. | <urn:uuid:b314627f-8289-4c63-8113-29dac9052e11> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.powells.com/book/story-of-little-black-sambo-9781557094148 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988725475.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183845-00509-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961558 | 209 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Below you will find a collection of some of our favourite brainteasers. Some of them are easy, some are hard. All of them will make you think.
We'll add new ones as we come across them. If you would like to suggest a brainteaser that you think is awesome give us a holla at email@example.com.
Get to 24
The idea with this brainteaser is that you have to get to the number 24. For each set of numbers below you may manipulate them using the following operations ( + - x / ).
3, 3, 3, 3
4. 4. 4. 4
5, 5, 5, 5
6, 6, 6, 6
What is Money
SEND + MORE = MONEY
What is Money?
SEVEN + SEVEN + SIX = TWENTY
What is TWENTY?
What Comes Next?
Below is a pattern of numbers. Can you work out the next number in the sequence?
1, 11, 21, 1211, 111221, 312211, 13112221, 1113213211, 31131211131221, ???
Reverse Alphabetical Order
This brainteaser is not really that hard but it does get you to think differently.
As quickly as you can, state the days of the week in reverse alphabetical order. | <urn:uuid:51ff15ea-0afe-4cbb-9bc0-6d2b098a271c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://brainteasers.creativitygames.net/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00255-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936848 | 293 | 1.976563 | 2 |
This video from the USA is called Interview with George S. McGovern.
By David E Rosenbaum, The New York Times News Service in the USA:
George McGovern, Unabashed Liberal Voice, Dies
Sunday, 21 October 2012 10:11
George McGovern, the United States senator who won the Democratic Party’s presidential nomination in 1972 as an opponent of the war in Vietnam and a champion of liberal causes, and who was then trounced by President Richard M. Nixon in the general election, died early Sunday in Sioux Falls, S.D. He was 90.
His death was announced in a statement by the family. He had been moved to hospice care in recent days after being treated for several health problems in the last year. He had a home in Mitchell, S.D., where he had spent his formative years.
“We are blessed to know that our father lived a long, successful and productive life advocating for the hungry, being a progressive voice for millions and fighting for peace,” the family statement said.
To the liberal Democratic faithful, Mr. McGovern remained a standard-bearer well into his old age, writing and lecturing even as his name was routinely invoked by conservatives as synonymous with what they considered the failures of liberal politics.
He never retreated from those ideals, however, insisting on a strong, “progressive” federal government to protect the vulnerable and expand economic opportunity while asserting that history would prove him correct in his opposing not only what he called “the tragically mistaken American war in Vietnam” but also the American invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan.
A slender, soft-spoken minister’s son newly elected to Congress — his father was a Republican — Mr. McGovern went to Washington as a 34-year-old former college history teacher and decorated bomber pilot in World War II. He thought of himself as a son of the prairie as well, with a fittingly flat, somewhat nasal voice and a brand of politics traceable to the Midwestern progressivism of the late 19th century.
Elected to the Senate in 1962, Mr. McGovern left no special mark in his three terms, but he voted consistently in favor of civil rights and antipoverty bills, was instrumental in developing and expanding food stamp and nutrition programs, and helped lead opposition to the Vietnam War in the Senate.
520 to 17
That was the cause he took into the 1972 election, one of the most lopsided in American history. Mr. McGovern carried only Massachusetts and the District of Columbia and won just 17 electoral votes to Nixon’s 520.
The campaign was the backdrop to the burglary at the Democratic Party headquarters in the Watergate Hotel in Washington, and by the Nixon organization’s shady fund-raising practices and sabotage operations, later known as “dirty tricks,” which were not disclosed until after the election. | <urn:uuid:e12b6892-3fe7-4cd4-84bf-6f64a12bca81> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://dearkitty1.wordpress.com/2012/10/22/george-mcgovern-us-anti-war-politician-dies/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00212-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.98452 | 599 | 2.078125 | 2 |
How many calories in Banana Peppers.
Calories in Bananas.
The caloric value may vary, depending on when the sweet food was torn off.
Dec 25, 201 Most people know this, but many wonder how many calories and carbs they A medium-sized banana contains 105 calories, on average. Feb 4, 2008 There are 105 calories in 1 medium Banana. Get full nutrition facts and other common serving sizes of Bananas including The % Daily Value (DV) tells you how much a nutrient in a serving of food contributes to a daily diet. Sep 1, 2012 A medium banana has 105 calories and 27 grams of carbohydrate.
Not much more than many other types of fruit: 1 medium pear (103 calories, Bananas are actually low on the GI scale, having a glycemic index value of 51. The following nutrition information is provided by the USDA for one medium The amount of carbohydrate in a banana will vary with the size of the fruit as well. Nutrition facts and Information for Bananas, raw. The bad: A large portion of the calories in this food come from sugars. Caloric Ratio Pyramid Estimated. Sep 17, 2015 Are bananas a superfruit, or are they too full of carbs and calories. Nov 30, 2017 Why: A medium banana packs 27 grams of carbs, more than two slices of white bread, as well as about 14 grams of sugar. That sugar occurs in.
For example, medium size banana (130 g) have in banana came from protein in 4%, from carbs in.
May 13, 201 Bananas are high in many nutrients and provide many health benefits. They contain lots of fiber, carbs and some essential vitamins and minerals. A medium-sized banana provides 105 calories. Bananas are High in Fiber. Calories, carbs, fat, protein, fiber, cholesterol, and more for Banana (Raw).
On average, it is 85 kcal.
How many. Once they do that, you may wonder how many carbs in a banana are there. One medium-size banana contains 105 calories with 27 grams of carbs, similar. Feb 10, 2018 According to Turoff, you can expect to find about 27 grams of carbs in a medium-sized banana (of around 118 grams). Although carbs are often.
Visit CalorieKing to see calorie count and nutrient data for all portion sizes. How many calories inBananas, raw. Aug 27, 2019 Once they do that, you may wonder how many carbs in a banana are there. Calories in 1 Banana based on the calories, fat, protein, carbs and other nutrition information submitted for 1 Banana. May 2, 2017 An average medium sized banana contains about 14 grams of of added sugar one should have daily, which is less than 100 calories (. | <urn:uuid:ab5f412f-d129-462e-ab2a-f8666693ee6f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://inwhesape.hateblo.jp/entry/2020/09/22/How_many_calories_in_1_medium_size_banana | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.926198 | 599 | 2.734375 | 3 |
This program is Friday, January 7, 2011 from 10 a.m.-noon in the House of Representatives Chamber at the Old Capitol Museum. It will feature the following speakers:
- Reenactment of the speech of John Wood, delegate to the Secession Convention from Kosciusko, by Ray McFarland
- “Into the Abyss: Secession and Confederate Revolution” by George Rable
- “Observations on the Mississippi Secession Convention” by Timothy Smith
January 7 is the 150th anniversary of the beginning of the Secession Convention, which convened in Jackson (at the Old Capitol, of course) to discuss Mississippi’s exit from the Union in 1861. The Ordinance of Secession document, signed by members of the convention, will be on display in the Chancery Court at the Old Capitol for the program and for the rest of 2011.
For more information, please call 601-576-6920. | <urn:uuid:14033d03-330a-4f53-9e87-a8ce2b01f40a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://senseofplace.mdah.ms.gov/2011/01/05/secession-revisted-this-friday-at-old-capitol/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.90861 | 198 | 2.078125 | 2 |
How does this medication work? What will it do for me?
Chlorpromazine belongs to the class of medications known as phenothiazines. It is used to treat mania and disorders with psychosis, such as schizophrenia. It is also used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting. Chlorpromazine works by affecting the balance of chemicals in the brain.
This medication may be available under multiple brand names and/or in several different forms. Any specific brand name of this medication may not be available in all of the forms or approved for all of the conditions discussed here. As well, some forms of this medication may not be used for all of the conditions discussed here.
Your doctor may have suggested this medication for conditions other than those listed in these drug information articles. If you have not discussed this with your doctor or are not sure why you are being given this medication, speak to your doctor. Do not stop using this medication without consulting your doctor.
Do not give this medication to anyone else, even if they have the same symptoms as you do. It can be harmful for people to use this medication if their doctor has not prescribed it.
What form(s) does this medication come in?
Chlorpromazine HCl Injection is no longer being manufactured for sale in Canada. For brands that may still be available, search under chlorpromazine. This article is being kept available for reference purposes only. If you are using this medication, speak with your doctor or pharmacist for information about your treatment options.
How should I use this medication?
The recommended dose of chlorpromazine for psychosis varies from 25 mg to 75 mg daily divided into 2 to 4 doses. It may take some time (weeks or months) to show the full effect of this medication. The usual maximum recommended daily dose of chlorpromazine is 1,000 mg.
To relieve nausea and vomiting, the recommended dose of chlorpromazine is 12.5 mg to 25 mg every 4 hours. The maximum daily dose is 150 mg per day.
Many things can affect the dose of medication that a person needs, such as body weight, other medical conditions, and other medications. If your doctor has recommended a dose different from the ones listed here, do not change the way that you are using the medication without consulting your doctor.
It is important to use this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible and continue with your regular schedule. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If you are not sure what to do after missing a dose, contact your doctor or pharmacist for advice.
Store this medication at room temperature, protect it from light, and keep it out of the reach of children.
Do not dispose of medications in wastewater (e.g. down the sink or in the toilet) or in household garbage. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medications that are no longer needed or have expired.
Who should NOT take this medication?
Chlorpromazine should not be used by anyone who:
- is allergic to chlorpromazine or to any of the ingredients of the medication
- is allergic to other phenothiazines
- is in a coma
- has a blood disorder
- has brain damage
- has decreased functioning of bone marrow
- has severely decreased functioning of the central nervous system (e.g., brain, spinal cord) due to taking certain medications
- has severely decreased liver function
What side effects are possible with this medication?
Many medications can cause side effects. A side effect is an unwanted response to a medication when it is taken in normal doses. Side effects can be mild or severe, temporary or permanent. The side effects listed below are not experienced by everyone who takes this medication. If you are concerned about side effects, discuss the risks and benefits of this medication with your doctor.
The following side effects have been reported by at least 1% of people taking this medication. Many of these side effects can be managed, and some may go away on their own over time.
Contact your doctor if you experience these side effects and they are severe or bothersome. Your pharmacist may be able to advise you on managing side effects.
- decreased interest in sexual activity
- dry mouth or dry eyes
- increased sweating
- nasal congestion
- nausea or vomiting
- skin sensitivity to the sun
- trouble sleeping
- weight gain
Although most of the side effects listed below don't happen very often, they could lead to serious problems if you do not check with your doctor or seek medical attention.
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:
- breast swelling
- difficulty swallowing
- difficulty urinating
- fast or irregular heartbeat
- involuntary movements, mainly of your face or tongue
- muscle stiffness
- new or worsening constipation
- production of breast milk
- sexual difficulties
- signs of liver problems (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes, dark urine, pale stools)
- skin rash
- symptoms of blood clots (e.g., swelling, pain, and redness in an arm or leg that can be warm to touch, or sudden chest pain and difficulty breathing)
- symptoms of increased blood sugar (e.g., feeling very thirsty, feeling very hungry, needing to urinate more than usual, weakness or tiredness, feeling sick to your stomach, confusion, fruity-smelling breath)
- symptoms of an infection (e.g., sore throat, fever, or weakness, shortness of breath)
- symptoms of decreased blood pressure (e.g., lightheadedness or fainting when rising too quickly from a sitting or lying position)
- vision changes
Stop taking the medication and seek immediate medical attention if any of the following occur:
- long-lasting (greater than 4 hours in duration) and painful erection of the penis
- signs of an allergic reaction (e.g., shortness of breath or difficulty breathing; fainting; hives; swelling of the eyes, mouth, lips, or throat)
- signs of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (e.g., pronounced muscle stiffness or inflexibility with high fever, rapid or irregular heartbeat, sweating, confusion, or reduced consciousness)
Some people may experience side effects other than those listed. Check with your doctor if you notice any symptom that worries you while you are taking this medication.
Are there any other precautions or warnings for this medication?
Before you begin using a medication, be sure to inform your doctor of any medical conditions or allergies you may have, any medications you are taking, whether you are pregnant or breast-feeding, and any other significant facts about your health. These factors may affect how you should use this medication.
Blood cells: Chlorpromazine may lower white blood cell levels in the body. This usually occurs with longer treatment and appears about 4 to 10 weeks after starting treatment. If you have symptoms of an infection (e.g., sore throat, fever, weakness), contact your doctor as soon as possible.
Blood pressure: Chlorpromazine may lower blood pressure leading to dizziness. To help prevent this effect, get up slowly from a sitting position, or dangle your legs over the side of the bed when getting up from a lying down position. If you are taking medication to lower your blood pressure, you should have your blood pressure checked regularly.
Drowsiness/reduced alertness: Chlorpromazine may cause dizziness or drowsiness. Do not operate machinery or drive a car if the medication affects you in this way.
Glaucoma: If you have glaucoma, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
Heart conditions: If you have heart disease or abnormal heart rhythms should discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
Lab tests: While taking chlorpromazine, you will need to have your blood counts checked regularly by your doctor.
Liver disease: If you have impaired liver function or alcoholic liver disease, you should be closely monitored by your doctor while you are on this medication.
Lung disease or breathing problems: If you have lung disease or breathing problems, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
Movement disorders: This medication is associated with a risk of developing tardive dyskinesia (TD), a condition involving repetitive, uncontrollable, and purposeless movements (such as grimacing; tongue protrusion; lip smacking; puckering; rapid eye blinking; rapid movements of the arms, legs, and body trunk). If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS): A risk of developing this condition has been associated with antipsychotic medication. If you experience increased sweating and sensations of warmth, muscle stiffness, emotional and behavioural changes, or irregular heartbeat, contact your doctor immediately. If you are taking this medication, you should take care to avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated.
Seizures: If you have a history of seizures, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
Stopping the medication: Chlorpromazine is not addictive, but side effects may occur if stopped suddenly after taking high doses. Do not stop the medication without checking with your doctor first.
Sunlight: Chlorpromazine may make you more sensitive to sunlight. Protect your skin with clothing and a sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of at least 30 before going out into the sun.
Pregnancy: This medication should not be used during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. If you become pregnant while taking this medication, contact your doctor immediately. Babies born to mothers that take this medication in the last 3 months of pregnancy may experience withdrawal symptoms after they are born, including breathing problems, difficulty feeding, or irritability. If you have been taking this medication during pregnancy, make sure that everyone involved in caring for you and your baby are aware.
Breast-feeding: This medication passes into breast milk. If you are breast-feeding and are taking chlorpromazine, it may affect your baby. Talk to your doctor about whether you should continue breast-feeding.
Children: The safety and effectiveness of using this medication have not been established for children under 18 years of age.
Seniors: Seniors with dementia who take chlorpromazine or other similar medications are at an increased risk of dying. There may be a higher risk of liver, kidney, and heart problems, and a higher risk of drug interactions for seniors. Talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of using this medication.
What other drugs could interact with this medication?
There may be an interaction between chlorpromazine and any of the following:
- acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (e.g., donepezil, galantamine. rivastigmine)
- alpha-agonists (e.g., clonidine, methyldopa)
- alpha-blockers (e.g., alfuzosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin)
- amphetamines (e.g., dextroamphetamine, lisdexamfetamine)
- angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs; captopril, enalapril, ramipril)
- angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs; e.g., candesartan, irbesartan, losartan)
- antacids (e.g., aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide)
- antiarrhythmics (e.g., amiodarone, dronedarone, flecainide, propafenone, quinidine)
- antihistamines (e.g., bilastine, cetirizine, doxylamine, diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine, loratadine)
- antimalarial medications (e.g. chloroquine, mefloquine, primaquine, proguanil)
- anti-Parkinsons medications (e.g., amantadine, apomorphine, bromocriptine, levodopa, pramipexole, ropinirole)
- antipsychotics (e.g., clozapine, lurasidone, olanzapine, quetiapine)
- "azole" antifungals (e.g., ketoconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole)
- benzodiazepines (e.g., alprazolam, diazepam, lorazepam, midazolam)
- beta-adrenergic blockers (e.g., atenolol, propranolol, sotalol)
- beta-2 agonists (e.g. olodaterol, salbutamol, salmeterol, vilanterol)
- botulinum toxin
- calcium channel blockers (e.g., amlodipine, diltiazem, verapamil)
- chloral hydrate
- diabetes medications (e.g., acarbose, canagliflozin, glyburide, insulin, linagliptin, lixisenatide, metformin, rosiglitazone)
- diuretics (e.g., furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide)
- HIV protease inhibitors (e.g., atazanavir, indinavir, lopinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir)
- macrolide antibiotics (e.g., clarithromycin, erythromycin)
- methylene blue
- monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs; e.g., moclobemide, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, tranylcypromine)
- muscle relaxants (e.g., baclofen, cyclobenzaprine, methocarbamol, orphenadrine)
- narcotic pain relievers (e.g., codeine, fentanyl, morphine, oxycodone, tramadol)
- nitrates (e.g., nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate)
- quinolone antibiotics (e.g., ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin)
- phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil)
- potassium chloride
- protein kinase inhibitors (e.g., dasatinib, nilotinib, ribociclib, vandetanib)
- seizure medications (e.g., carbamazepine, gabapentin, levetiracetam, phenobarbital, phenytoin, topiramate, valproic acid)
- selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs; e.g., citalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline)
- serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs; e.g., desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, venlafaxine)
- tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline, clomipramine, desipramine, trimipramine)
If you are taking any of these medications, speak with your doctor or pharmacist. Depending on your specific circumstances, your doctor may want you to:
- stop taking one of the medications,
- change one of the medications to another,
- change how you are taking one or both of the medications, or
- leave everything as is.
An interaction between two medications does not always mean that you must stop taking one of them. Speak to your doctor about how any drug interactions are being managed or should be managed.
Medications other than those listed above may interact with this medication. Tell your doctor or prescriber about all prescription, over-the-counter (non-prescription), and herbal medications you are taking. Also tell them about any supplements you take. Since caffeine, alcohol, the nicotine from cigarettes, or street drugs can affect the action of many medications, you should let your prescriber know if you use them.
All material copyright MediResource Inc. 1996 – 2022. Terms and conditions of use. The contents herein are for informational purposes only. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Source: www.medbroadcast.com/drug/getdrug/Chlorpromazine-HCl-Injection | <urn:uuid:7e9c8590-c556-4597-949c-4e195423202b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.medbroadcast.com/drug/getdrug/chlorpromazine-hcl-injection | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.881214 | 4,035 | 1.625 | 2 |
Colorado skiers warned to look out for moose on slopes
DENVER — Colorado's growing moose population has presented new hazards for skiers as more of the animals have shown up at ski areas.
The Denver Post reports that Winter Park and Steamboat resorts have installed signs warning skiers and snowboarders to stay away from the migrating moose. At Winter Park, a wounded bull has settled alongside a trail, where state officials hope it will recover and eventually move along.
Colorado Parks and Wildlife official Jeromy Huntington says moose find it easier to travel along the ski areas' packed snow compared to deep snow.
Wildlife managers have been transplanting moose to Colorado for decades. The state's moose population has grown to about 2,500 and has largely been unchecked because wolves and grizzlies, their natural predators, are not established in Colorado.
You may also like: Car-licking moose in Rocky Mountain National Park | <urn:uuid:2cc34830-dac5-4635-9b85-99f775dc9d92> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.coloradoan.com/story/news/2016/03/22/colorado-skiers-warned-look-out-moose-slopes/82110842/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.944966 | 192 | 2.390625 | 2 |
New York, NY, February 6, 2012 … The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) today praised the United States' decision to close its embassy in Damascus, saying that the American step "sends a strong signal that the ongoing brutal repression of the Syrian people is unacceptable, that the Assad regime no longer has credibility, and that Syria is becoming a pariah among nations."
Robert G. Sugarman, ADL National Chair, and Abraham H. Foxman, ADL National Director issued the following statement:
The situation in Syria is deteriorating by the day, and the reports of continuing civilian casualties, mass arrests and torture of political dissidents are profoundly disturbing. The U.S. decision to close its embassy in Damascus sends a strong signal that the ongoing brutal repression of the Syrian people is unacceptable, that the Assad regime no longer has credibility, and that Syria is becoming a pariah among nations. It is vital that the international community stands united against the violence in Syria and works toward preventing the further killing of civilians.
We are disappointed that the United Nations has been unable to deal with the issue. The inability of the U.N. Security Council to pass a resolution backing the Arab League peace plan for Syria, a proposal which was vetoed by China and Russia, is just the latest failure of the U.N. to address this serious humanitarian crisis.
We express our appreciation to Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and U.N. Ambassador Susan Rice for vigorously working to ensure a united international front to stop the Syrian regime from committing further atrocities.
The Anti-Defamation League, founded in 1913, is the world's leading organization fighting anti-Semitism through programs and services that counteract hatred, prejudice and bigotry. | <urn:uuid:9e7648e8-c5d4-4826-b2d2-9663ac2adc1d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.adl.org/press-center/press-releases/israel-middle-east/adl-welcomes-us-decision-to.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00484-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956017 | 347 | 1.914063 | 2 |
When the international economic and financial crisis struck it exposed the structural limitations and contradictions in EMU, depriving the euro of its propensity to attract. It was thought that all it would take to make EMU work was a set of "accountancy" rules, whereas the problem was not technical but economic and political.
The EESC recognises the importance of stability, but stability must not only concern prices or financial institutions, but also politics and social conditions.
The EESC believes that a single currency will be unsustainable unless we achieve convergence between the economic capacities of the euro area countries and improve overall competitiveness, objectives which require economic as well as political commitment.
The Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance stresses stability without proposing joint financial instruments for recovery and employment. Europe instead needs to go back to generating wealth in order to redistribute it fairly.
Briefly, these are the four recommendations for completing the euro framework:
- EU economic governance to promote growth, including via financial investments through bonds attracting excessive global savings; a common budget for the euro area; reducing economic asymmetries between the euro countries;
- monetary and financial governance: completing the ECB's mandate and the internal market for finance, also through banking union;
- moving towards political and social union, making the decision-making process more democratic and transparent and, where necessary, acting on the basis of strengthened cooperation;
- strengthening the international role of the EU and global governance. | <urn:uuid:bc76d6c4-cd8b-465f-a505-821654ded1c2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.eesc.europa.eu/pl/our-work/opinions-information-reports/opinions/where-euro-headed | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.938836 | 301 | 2.90625 | 3 |
HOBOKEN, NJ – Not every “Rat Pack” makes Hoboken proud.
After months of complaints from residents about a rat problem in the city, the city has begun to take action in several ways.
Councilman Ruben Ramos and Councilwoman Jennifer Giattino, who represent the southwest and central areas of the square-mile city, noted the issue at the end of various council meetings dating back to winter, with Giattino saying that locals had seen rats “running in the snow”. .”
The city council took action in early June by voting to add a line to its nuisance law“No one shall feed birds, rodents or any other non-domestic wild animal on public roads, sidewalks, parks and/or public places.”
Signs in parks now warn of fines of up to $1,000.
But is it enough?
The city has also placed bait in some neighborhoods, city spokeswoman Marilyn Baer said this week.
“The city is baiting near the sewers between Fifth Street and 10th Street, from Monroe Street to
Garden Street,” she said on Tuesday. “The city is also baiting near problem areas flagged on a
necessary basis. Like other municipalities in the region, the city has seen an increase in the rodent population due to more people staying home during the pandemic. »
Residents have indeed reported seeing more wildlife around Hoboken in the past two years, from raccoons to deer running down the street.
“The town is asking all members of the community to help keep Hoboken clean and green by
keep garbage in covered containers, pick up pet waste and do not litter to eliminate rodents
food sources,” Baer added.
She said: “Homeowners should also remove weeds and invasive vegetation on their property to help eliminate rodent habitats. The Hoboken Health Department continues to inspect reported areas of rodent activity.”
Residents can report sightings directly to the Hoboken Health Department at (201) 420-2375.
Hoboken is not alone. New York City has reported an increase in rat sightings, the New York Times reported in November. They cited a “perfect storm” during the pandemic – outdoor dining, cuts to sanitation and inspection budgets, and even hotter and wetter weather.
The CDC notes that rats and mice can spread “more than 35 diseases.” They give tips for solving a rat problem here.
What is your experience ? Comment below or email Hoboken Patch. | <urn:uuid:29731b64-63b4-4814-80ae-bdfc6773f0c7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://somersnow.com/oh-the-rats-after-appeals-from-hoboken-residents-the-city-places-rodent-baits/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.960174 | 528 | 1.773438 | 2 |
This market research report segments the global SLES market by application (detergents and cleaners, personal care products, and others) and key regions (the Americas, APAC, and EMEA).
Increased preference for sulfate-free surfactants is a key trend expected to influence the market during the forecast period. The rising concern over the toxic effects of synthetic surfactants on humans and environment has led to a shift in the preference for sulfate-free or bio-based surfactants as an intermediate ingredient in various end-use applications. Moreover, the growing need for a sustainable, safe, and eco-friendly economy has resulted in an increase in investment in R&D activities for the use of renewable feedstocks.
Growing consumer awareness of hygiene and personal cleanliness
The rising consumer consciousness drives the global SLES market with respect to personal hygiene and cleanliness. Additionally, governments in many countries have been supporting and encouraging awareness campaigns emphasizing hygiene and cleanliness. For instance, in October 2017, the Indian government launched the Gram Samridhi Evam Swachhta campaign to boost development activities in villages and to increase awareness of hygiene and cleanliness.
According to a senior analyst at Technavio for specialty chemicals research, “The main goal behind promoting hygiene and cleanliness is to facilitate a healthy environment and reduce the burden of chronic diseases caused due to unhygienic surroundings. The rising awareness among people is fueling the demand for household and industrial cleaners as well, which augurs well for the global SLES market.”
Global SLES market segmentation
Of the three major application segments, the detergents and cleaners segment held the largest market share in 2017, accounting for nearly 42% of the market, followed by the personal care and others segment.
APAC was the leading region for the global SLES market in 2017, accounting for a market share of 42%, followed by the Americas and EMEA. APAC is also expected to emerge as the fastest growing market over the forecast period, while EMEA is expected to witness a dip in its market share by 2022. | <urn:uuid:9d77686d-9100-47a9-a527-59b5e84f8423> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ucf.ae/chemicals/global-sodium-lauryl-ether-sulfate-market-increasing-consumer-awareness-for-health-and-hygiene-to-boost-growth/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.952678 | 441 | 1.75 | 2 |
[vc_row][vc_column width=”1/1″][vc_single_image border_color=”grey” img_link_target=”_self” img_size=”700×250″ image=”9460″][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/4″][vc_column_text]History
The Institute of African Studies, University of Nigeria Nsukka, was established as a graduate teaching centre, a Research Library, an ethnographic unit, cinematographic and technical unit, and a Museum which is the most equiped in this part of the country. The Institute also provides appropriate institutional base to visiting scholars from other universities around the world, and creates sustainable environment for partnership with other research centers. Finally, the Institute coordinates works and research related to African Studies in other academic areas.
The Institute has two research publications: Ikenga: International Journal of African Studies attempts to cover the entire spectrum of African Studies both in Africa and Diaspora, while Ikoro: Journal of African Studies is an organ for the dissemination of information in current research activities in all areas of African Studies around the globe.
The Institute also engages in occassional publications in different areas of Africa Studies including African Indigeous Laws, Literature, Religion, Music, Health Care, Politics, and Gender. Additional mandate of the Institute include the provision of regular Seminars, Workshops, and Lecture Series.
The establishment of the Hansberry College of Africa Studies was approved by the Governing Council of the University of Nigeria in 1962. During the 1964 academic session, the College was renamed Hansberry Institute of African Studies.
William Leo Hansberry
Significanty, the College was named after William Leo Hansberry, an eminent African American Historian and Anthropologist, who was designated its first director. William Leo Hansberry (1894-1965), studied at Harvard, Oxford, and University of Chicago was known as an exemplary scholar-activist and was known to influenced scholarship in African History, and painstakingly disseminated knowledge in this academic area far beyond the formal classroom environment. In 1922, he set the record of being the first academic to introduce a course on African history in a University in the United State of America. From then, he taught ancient and contemporary African history in Howard University for forty two (42) years, and indefatigably gave lectures, workshops, ans seminars in this area outside the classroom.
It is significant to note that William Leo Hansberry served as researsch associate to W.E.B. DuBois, and recorded unprecedented results and breakthroughs. He also had meaningful intelletual relationships with Marcus Mosiah Garvey, founder of the United Improvement Association, James Weldon Johnson, and Carter G.Woodson. Many of the students who passed through this extraordinary academic include Chancellor Williams, the author of the renowned book, the Destruction of Black Civilization (1987), and John Henrik Clarke, a voracious author who provided the blue print for Africana Studies at Cornell University. Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe, the first president of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, and an avalanche of distinguished professors, leading theorists, and academic giants still making waves in different parts of the globe.
This Mississippi-born scholar was the first person to propose the development of African Studies as an interdisciplinary academic area, and laid bare the groundwork for its accomplishment in the university system. Today, the avalanche of programs in African Studies in universities around the globe started from the works of this extraordinary American academic. Because of the addition of Diaspora Studies in our programme, the Institute will propose for the change of its name to Institute of African and Diaspora Studies. | <urn:uuid:07863e20-8f2a-4a1e-8088-7a98665ea6a6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.unn.edu.ng/academics/institute/institute-of-african-studies-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.915286 | 839 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Southern Utah parents and students grades 9 – 12 are encouraged to attend and take advantage of scholarship opportunities and other resources. UHEAA’s stop in Cedar City is one of 17 such events to be held across the state to assist Utah’s college-bound contingency in their preparations for collegiate success.
Of the annual public information tour, past participants have said: "I learned about FAFSA and how everyone should apply for it. I learned about work study and how you can use it to help pay for college. There are several different [types of] loans. I feel that I am walking away from this presentation more confident with student loans and how I should go about searching for scholarships.”
The Cedar City presentation will be held at Cedar High School, 703 West 600 South, from 6 – 8 p.m. on September 12. Additional information is available online at www.facebook.com/uheaa/events. Questions should be directed to UHEAA Outreach at email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:be373dc0-7273-448f-a784-bc3dd8fbdcf5> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://kcsg.com/bookmark/23567263 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721008.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00118-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961134 | 212 | 1.640625 | 2 |
This is the second in a series of posts featuring Children’s HeartLink Centers of Excellence. These hospitals became regional training centers after enhancing their own pediatric cardiac programs with the help of our medical volunteers. Our five Centers of Excellence in India, Malaysia and China commit to training pediatric cardiac specialists from low-resource regions. This is the heart of our train-the-trainer model. This is how our work helps the most children the fastest.
Dr. An Qi, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
Children’s HeartLink’s partnership with West China Hospital, one of the largest hospitals in the world, started in 2006. Back then, the hospital experienced a shortage of specialists trained in diagnosing and treating children with heart disease, resulting in a long waiting list. When West China Hospital achieved the status of Center of Excellence in 2017, its cardiac professionals started passing along the knowledge and skills they received from their volunteer mentor, The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto. West China Hospital established fellowship programs and implemented best practices of advanced training, including simulation-based training on 3D printed surgical heart models.
West China Hospital has three cardiovascular disease training programs – for surgical residents, surgical fellows, and pediatric cardiology fellows.
“In three years, 19 professionals graduated from these programs: 10 residents, eight surgical fellows and one cardiology fellow. The majority of them came from all over China, and one resident was from Nepal,” says Dr. An Qi, vice director of the cardiovascular department.
Dr. An shares the education challenges they have faced as a regional trainer.
“The education challenge we have faced is the lack of division of pediatric cardiology at the hospital. To solve this problem, we keep looking for collaboration in the training with the West China Second Hospital. The pandemic did not significantly reduce the number of trainees and patients in our program; however, some of our planned international exchange programs have to be held. For example, we are looking for the chance to start an international fellow exchange program with The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto. We plan to start the program as soon as the pandemic settles down.”
West China Hospital incorporated hands-on surgical training (HOST) program into the congenital heart surgery curriculum for surgical trainees. Read an article about the HOST program here
“The HOST course offers surgical trainees a robust pathway to success by providing simulation-based standardized education without compromising patient care,” explains Dr. An.
“For example, we started a VSD repair simulation training on a 3D printed surgical heart model for our residents and fellows. This study demonstrated that deliberate practice using simulation translates to better surgical performance and outcomes for real patients. Furthermore, residents who have never completed VSD closure could perform this surgical procedure after our simulation training just as safely and effectively as their senior colleagues. The results of this study are under review to be published in The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (JTCVS),” says Dr. An. | <urn:uuid:6b0bdd30-f8cf-4470-b147-1c9e2acc908f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://childrensheartlink.org/our-center-of-excellence-west-china-hospital-uses-3d-heart-models-in-training/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.944831 | 625 | 2.21875 | 2 |
(Asa Hillard) Central Washington State University 1989 Commencement Address
Asa G. Hilliard, III Papers
In 1989, Asa G. Hilliard, III delivered the commencement address at Central Washington University in Ellensburg, Washington. Beginning at time mark 19:53 the President of Central Washington University, Dr. Donald Garrity, introduces Dr. Hilliard, who starts speaking at 24:29. In the address, Hilliard tells the story of George Bush, the first person of African descent to live in the Washington territory, and Bush’s son William, the first African American to hold elected office in the state of Washington. Hilliard’s speech focuses on the importance of cultivating wisdom to be truly educated, admonishing the graduates not to become enslaved by overconsumption or by the technological tools becoming available. He quotes T. S. Eliot, Plato, and Frantz Fanon, among others to illustrate the theme. He notes that knowledge and ability are not enough without perspective. Hilliard’s address ends at time mark 43:34.
Hilliard, Asa G. III, "(Asa Hillard) Central Washington State University 1989 Commencement Address" (1989). Asa G. Hilliard, III Papers, Audio-Visual Materials Series. Recording 1.
All video content in this collection is protected by copyright or is the property of the Robert W. Woodruff Library of the Atlanta University Center, Inc., and/or the copyright holder as appropriate. For more information or to inquire about permission to publish, please contact email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:6bcc2866-b9af-40a6-9ff3-38fd5c9f2539> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/hilliard/1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00285-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.806828 | 329 | 2.265625 | 2 |
There is probably no other non-lethal health problem except perhaps allergies that afflicts so many breeds of dogs as hip dysplasia. It cripples dogs with pain, sometimes in the prime of their lives, and there is very little modern veterinary care can do about it. It seems clear that it has some genetic component (it is thought to be polygenic) but there are clearly environmental (i.e., non-genetic) influences as well. There has been some modest success in reducing its incidence in some breeds by screening programs, but for the most part it remains an intractable problem and the focus of many research programs.
Consequently, I was quite surprised to run across a paper (1) published in 2006 about a study that was able to substantially reduce in incidence and severity of hip dysplasia in Labradors – not by locating particular genes or implementing strategically-designed breeding programs – but by reducing food consumption. (Download a copy here - pdf) Conducted by Nestle Purina in collaboration with a slate of veterinarians and academics, the study used 48 Labrador Retriever puppies from 7 litters. In each litter, puppies were paired and one assigned to the control group and one to the treatment group. The control group was provided food ad libitum (unrestricted) starting at 8 weeks, and each puppy in the treatment group was fed 25% less than the amount consumed by its pair in the control group. Their weight was monitored and hips x-rayed at regular intervals throughout the lifetimes of the dogs.
Dogs allowed to eat as much as they wanted showed evidence of hip dysplasia at younger ages than dogs fed less, and the difference between the groups got worse as they got older. By 6 years of age, 50% of dogs in the unlimited food group had evidence of osteoarthritis, compared with only 10% of dogs in the restricted food group. More than 50% of the dogs in the restricted food group still had radiographically normal hips at 12 years old; in the other group, 90% were arthritic. Dogs fed 25% less food than their pair in the control group weighed about 25% less throughout their lives. Heavier dogs had worse hips.
I was astonished to see these results. By any scientific, medical, or veterinary standard, the effect of diet restriction on incidence of osteoarthritis in Labradors would be considered profound. If somebody was to submit a grant proposal to test a treatment that promised to reduce the incidence of hip dysplasia in dogs – not by 10%, or even 25%, but 50% – I should hope it would receive very serious consideration for funding. And what about the Canine Health Foundation and also the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA), which owes its founding to concern about the high incidence and crippling effects of hip dysplasia in dogs? A browse of the information on their websites about the disease makes no mention of this study or the potential benefits of lifelong food limitation. I showed this paper to a few breeders. Most were surprised to see these data. Some breeders, especially of large breeds, said they managed food intake of their puppies so they didn’t grow to fast, but they were worried about growth rate and not adult body weight.
“Less Food” - such a simple (and cost-effective!) way to substantially reduce the suffering of dogs, reduce veterinary bills for treatment, x-rays, and pain relief, and increase the amount of time the family dog can continue to lead an active life. Millions of dollars are spent every year looking for sources and cures of disease in dogs so that we can offer them better lives. Maybe we should direct some of this funding to an informational public service campaign to get this simple information to breeders and pet owners, and perhaps also some clear recommendations on dog food bags, maybe even brochures in veterinary offices.
I mentioned up top that there was also most certainly some genetic component to development of hip dysplasia, and that’s certainly worth talking about because there might be some surprises there as well. Getting back to genetics, I’ll be addressing those in another post.
In the meantime, I’m taking a pound or two off my dog.
(1) Smith, GK, ER Paster, MY Powers, DF Lawler, DN Biery, FS Shofer, PJ McKellvie & RD Kealy. 2006. Lifelong diet restriction and radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis of the hip joint in dogs. | <urn:uuid:33e101e6-08ef-481a-98a5-c1591ae99cb1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.instituteofcaninebiology.org/blog/locating-the-genes-for-hip-dysplasia-in-dogs-psssst-look-in-the-kibble-bag | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.976861 | 934 | 2.703125 | 3 |
W Decays and Color
Tommaso Dorigo posted three physics questions on his blog. They’re rather easy and I hope any particle physics student could answer them correctly. His third question touches upon a favorite bit of phenomenology, so let me expand upon it a bit here.
The W boson decays to a pair of fermions nearly all of the time. I will not worry about radiative corrections – i.e., the “extra” photons and gluons that may be emitted in the process W→f+fbar (where “fbar” means an anti-fermion). As Tommaso points out, the weak interactions are universal – the probability of the W to decay into one particular f+fbar pair is the same as the probability for any other f+fbar pair. More precisely, the coupling constant is the same – the phase space will be smaller for heavier fermions than for lighter fermions, which reduces the likelihood that heavier fermions will materialize in a W decay. I will neglect these mass effects here.
So predicting a branching ratio such as BR(W→e+ν) amounts to counting all of the possible f+fbar pairs that a W boson can decay to. The branching ratio is then just one over that total number of possible final states.
How many such states are there, in the standard model – i.e., in the real world as we know it? For leptonic final states, we have (e,νe), (μ,νμ) and (τ,ντ) – this is quite clear. (Forgive me for not putting bars where they belong – it is hard to do it with this editor and it does not matter for the present discussion.) The quark final states require a little more care. Clearly, the top quark (mass = 172 GeV) is too heavy, but the other five quarks are not. You might think you have these six states: (u,d), (c,s), (u,s), (c,d), (u,b) and (c,b), based on electric charge. But the last four of these six states are not weak doublets. More to the point, the CKM matrix, which allows quarks from different weak doublets to couple to the W boson, is nearly diagonal, meaning that the (u,b) and (c,b) final states make a very small, even negligible contribution. Furthermore, the 2×2 sub-matrix which governs the (u,d) and (c,s) couplings is nearly unitary, so whatever part of (u,d) is reduced is picked up by (u,s), so to speak. In the end, because of this important and unexplained feature of the standard model, it is fine to just take the naive set (u,d) and (c,s) and ignore the mixing of weak doublets allowed by the CKM matrix.
If you’re quick and not careful, you’ll conclude that the W can decay only to the five states (e,νe), (μ,νμ), (τ,ντ), (u,d) and (c,s), and you would predict that BR(W→e+ν) = 1/5 = 0.2. This prediction is wrong, as measurements give BR(W→e+ν) = (10.75±0.13)% (see the Particle Data Group web page).
Color is the key to the calculation. Remember that quarks come in three colors (the conserved charge of the strong interaction), so when we consider W→u+dbar, there are three distinct channels, corresponding to u(red)+dbar(anti-red), u(blue)+dbar(anti-blue) and u(green)+dbar(anti-green). Notice that the W boson is a color singlet, so if we choose the color of the u-quark, then the color of the d-anti–quark is determined.
Revising our calculation, we have three leptonic states plus six quark states, so the naive prediction is BR(W→e+ν) = 1/9 = 11%, which is quite good indeed. The agreement with the experimental value is clear proof that there are three colors of quarks, and that the W couples to all fermion doublets with equal strength, modulo the factors incorporated in the CKM matrix. I find this a really very nice piece of physics.
This kind of simple phenomenological calculation is at the heart of basic experimental particle physics. It is nice to cast it as an exercise for the student, but in truth we do this kind of work whenever a new particle is observed. For example, a crude measurement of BR(W→e+ν) told us in the 1980s that the top quark mass must be at least MW, else a smaller BR would have been observed. (What is that number, by the way? Take a look again at Tommao’s post.) It came as a bit of a surprise that Mt≈172 GeV, which of course is much too heavy to allow W→t+b, which is part of the reason why single-top production is so interesting.
In the 1990s, a parallel line of reasoning led to the conclusion that there are only three species of light neutrinos, through measurement of Z→ν+νbar. This is one of the most important and most beautiful of the results from LEP 1.
In the spirit of Tommaso’s post, let me pose a question for the reader. Suppose there were a hidden lepton charge, similar to color, so that there were two kinds of electrons, muons and taus. What would be the prediction for BR(W→e+νe), and to what degree is this excluded by the measured value?
An additional question: what can we conclude about W decays to exotic particles this way? I stated that W bosons decay only decay to fermion pairs. Why not to boson pairs??
Entry filed under: Particle Physics. Tags: . | <urn:uuid:000c5eb3-6e0a-4863-8ec0-ebcaa5a6215e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://muon.wordpress.com/2010/01/02/w-decays-and-color/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00003-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941615 | 1,311 | 2.53125 | 3 |
New research states that 2012 will see U$15.068 billion worth of contracts awarded in the Emirates in 2012 – an increase of 26.57 per cent from last year.
The latest figures from research specialists Ventures Middle East have been released in the build-up to WORLD ecoConstruct, featuring Infrastructure Arabia Summit, the pioneering industry event taking place from 22-25 April 2012 at the Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre.
The total value of current UAE construction projects is evaluated at US$1.249 trillion with buildings accounting for US$871.6 billion, energy (oil and gas, petrochemicals, power and water projects) for US$190.9 billion, and infrastructure (roads, bridges, rail, sewerage, wastewater and marine) projects amounting to US$187.2 billion.
Commenting on the Municipal System participation in WORLD ecoConstruct, H.E. Engineer Ahmed Mohamed Al Shareef, Under Secretary of the Department of Municipal Affairs (DMA), said: “The importance of the building and construction sector in the local economy makes this event very important for the Municipal System to participate in.
“The DMA and the three Municipalities of the Emirate, Abu Dhabi City Municipality, Al Ain City and the Western region, all play an important role in achieving sustainable development in this sector and will showcase many sustainable projects at the exhibition, reflecting our commitment to achieving sustainable development as per the Abu Dhabi 2030 vision.
“Visitors to the event can find out more about current projects, especially the Abu Dhabi new building codes which improve building standards in the Emirate, in addition to saving energy and water and improving safety regulations.”Across the GCC, sustainable building projects spearhead the growing real estate construction boom. Masdar City, the emerging low-carbon, low-waste global clean-technology development in Abu Dhabi is a leader in this and aims to become one of the world’s most sustainable cities in the world powered by renewable energy.
To facilitate the development of a more sustainable construction sector Masdar has also developed a green building materials portal, Future Build, to help architects, engineers and contractors – particularly in the UAE and wider region – select and source environmentally sustainable, third party-certified products to meet their projects’ environmental objectives.
Elsewhere, construction on the US$60 billion Sustainable Economic Cities of Saudi Arabia has begun across the Kingdom, while Energy City in Qatar and Sabah Al Ahmed International Finance Centre in Kuwait both place major emphasis on the use of green building technology.
Tsitsi Lynn Makuni, Exhibition Director of WORLD ecoConstruct, said: “The latest figures illustrate that the Middle East continues its aggressive development plans. The Abu Dhabi Executive Council has approved spending on the new billion dollar airport terminal, a metro system, two industrial zones, more than 20,000 new homes, 14 new hospitals and 24 new schools.”
Associate Exhibition Director Marie-Eve Cote added: “One of the keys to solving global environmental issues is an increased collaboration between leading construction material producers and those charged with creating, and delivering, a low carbon future environment.”
WORLD ecoConstruct, a crucial collaboration between Abu Dhabi’s two leading building and construction events, CityBuild and Arabian Construction Week, is the region’s only dedicated exhibition focusing on sustainable design and construction for the built environment.
Co-located with the 6th edition of Cityscape Abu Dhabi, WORLD ecoConstruct provides a crucial sourcing and knowledge platform for the billions of dollars committed to major projects within Abu Dhabi and the surrounding region. Together the events attract more than 30,000 visitors.
WORLD ecoConstruct is supported by its Foundation Partner the Department of Municipal Affairs, Sustainable Knowledge Partner Masdar City, Strategic Partner Emirates Green Building Council, Principal Sponsor Emirates Steel and is Endorsed by the UAE Business Council for Sustainable Development.
Notes to Editors
WORLD ecoConstruct and infrastructure ARABIA is a collaboration of Abu Dhabi’s two leading building and construction events, CityBuild and Arabian Construction Week and is jointly organised by Informa Exhibitions and Clarion Events Middle East. More information can be found at www.worldecoConstruct.com.
About Department of Municipal Affairs:
The Department of the Municipal Affairs (DMA) was established in May 2007, and replaced the Department of Municipalities and Agriculture to become the main focal point of all municipal planning and oversee public works projects in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. The DMA aims to produce efficiencies and higher customer satisfaction in accordance with the National Policy Agenda which represents a new era in municipal services to the general public.
As a regulatory body, the DMA supervises the three municipal administrations; Abu Dhabi Municipality, Al Ain Municipality and Western Region Municipality.
Masdar is Abu Dhabi’s multi-faceted initiative advancing the development, commercialisation and deployment of renewable energy technologies and solutions. The company serves as a link between today’s fossil fuel economy and the energy economy of the future – developing the “greenprint” for how we will live and work tomorrow. Backed by the stability and reputation of the Mubadala Development Company, the strategic investment company of the government of Abu Dhabi, Masdar is dedicated to the emirate’s long-term vision for the future of energy. | <urn:uuid:4981c0f9-03a5-4060-9dae-33037222a4b8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.worldconstructiontoday.com/pressreleases/value-of-uae-construction-projects-at-us1249-trillion-26-increase-in-contracts-awarded-in-2012-sp-1663427238/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.918181 | 1,104 | 1.734375 | 2 |
|The Palace of Empress Mahabandige Kusumasena Devi-Dona
Dr. K. P. V. D. Fernando
This palace was situated in the Sabaragamuwa province in the district of Kegalle, in the Parana Karu Korale, Mawathagam Pattuwa, at the border of Rockhill Estate, Kegalle in the archaeological reserve declared in the early 20th Century.
This archaeological reserve of 6 1/2 acres was acquired from the LRC by a prominent citizen of Kegalle who sold to the Mussulemen for hundred and thirty five thousand rupees.
The former G.A. Mr. L. U. C. Kuruppu allotted with untold difficulty and kept back a mere half an acre of this historical site to build an edifice to commemorate our first Catholic Queen of Kande Uda Pas Rata. This was in order to continue lighting an oil lamp in perpetual memory of Queen Dona Catherina, as was done for the last several centuries, under an old gnarled tree.
Queen Dona Catherina left the palace of Kandy after her second husband King Senarat poisoned her eldest son prince Maha Asthana - the heir to throne, in order to the pave the way to install his own son prince Rajasinghe. She built this palace at Welimannathota, where she lived with her children after abandoning King Senarat. Prince Rajasinghe later ascended the throne as King Rajasinghe the Second - Rasin Deiyo.
Queen Dona Catherina was the sole child survivor of a smallpox epidemic which wiped out her entire family, the family of Karaliyadde Bandara. As an orphan she was brought up by the Nuns of the convent at Mannar.
Queen Dona Catherina during her last illness travelled in the Royal palanquin from her palace at Welimannathota to visit her Royal Vedarala at Hettimulla close by.
On her death bed she appointed Kuruwita Rala, the second prince of Uva and prince, Marcellous of Migonna as her regents and guardians of her children. He was Antonio Barreto, a lascoreen from Negombo who rose to this prestigious royal position as the second prince of Uva, due to his courage and devotion to the Royal Kandyan Family. She was finally laid to rest in the mausoleum built by Kuruwita Rala in the palace premises at Welimannathota vide Baldeus and Constantinu Hatana.
Every effort was made to preserve this declared archaeological site but it was of no avail. This site had remains of four foot thick foundations and the place was strewn with Kandyan tiles and other palace debris. It should be recorded with disgust that a Sinhalese Catholic official who came to inspect this site, officially rejected it saying that, "It had nothing of any historical importance". This "Inspection" was done without even stepping out of his "limousine" and was probably given to please his superiors and relevant high authorities.
Thus he paved the way to officially hand over this priceless reserve to the Mussulmen, he was the Asst. Commissioner of Archaeology who came to declare officially that this site was of no significance archaeologically.
Thanks to the untiring efforts of former G A., Mr. L. U. C. Kuruppu, the attempt to acquire the entire land by the Muslims with powerful connections was prevented and half an acre was officially alloted to build a suitable memorial to Queen Dona Catherina.
This half an acre in being encroached by the Mussullmen hordes a special restrictive order was given by the then G.A, not to destroy the Mauseolum of both that of our beloved last Catholic Queen Maha Bandige Dona Kusumasena Devi - Dona Catherina and of the deceased Prince Mahasthana.
A Grama Sevaka Niladari was commissioned to demarcate this half an acre. But unfortunately he returned without performing his official duty. Even today this officially reserved half an acre is not properly demarcated and fenced off.
Recently this historic mausoleum was ransacked by an irreligious hoard where they desecrated Queen Dona Catherinas mortal remains by scattering her bones. According to rumours, the holy rosary of pearls wound around her hands, together with Bible and priceless royal jewellery were pilfered from her grave by the Musselman Hordes, yes these Goni Billas.
Preparations should be made to construct a memorial at this grave site, to appease the provoked spirit of " the sole survivor of the ancient Suriya Wansa Royal Kshatriya Kula Sinhala line" and give her eternal rest. Therefore, we implore the proper authorities to officially demarcate this neglected site of a half acre in order to build a suitable edifice to commemorate Queen Dona Catherina and to light a perpetual oil lamp in her memory, similar to the oil lamp lit by Cundanrnaliyalwa - Suriavalli, daughter of Kulatunga Cholar Deva - wife of Weera Perumal (Manabarana) the Pandiyanar (father of king Parakkrama Bahu the Great) who gave ten "Kacu" to maintain this oil lamp in perpetuity" vide the Budhumuttawa Copper Plate Charter.
All Sinhalese should get together to pay homage to this Suriya Wansa Queen Maha Patabandige Kusumasena Devi and pray that this edifice comes to pass, so that a permanent oil lamp in her memory can be lit as it was continuously done until recently, under the shade of an old gnarled tree which too was destroyed by these Musselman hordes.
And as Mark Anthony declared at the burial of Julius Caesar - "Friends Roman Countrymen lend me your years I come to burry Caeser and not to praise him". In similar fashion I as a Kegalle citizen implore all our Sinhalese brothren irrespective of caste or creed to come forward to fight for our rights and privileges to form a restoration society in order just to re-build an edifice, to collect the scattered bones thrown out of beloved Queen Dona Catherina and lay her to rest eternally and to light coconut oil lamp permanently in her perpetual memory and in the records of Kshatriya Kula, Lord Sakya Muni. Gauthama - "May all beings be happy."
Anitha Vessa Sankara
And this restoration is in our hands come what may and let us all do our duty.
Akin to the charge of the light brigade- forward march charged the noble six hundred and dont retreat under any circumstances till you, achieve your ends. | <urn:uuid:1d85cf12-5fd8-491a-ab04-b91b2dbee6d8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://infolanka.com/org/srilanka/hist/21.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00182-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953148 | 1,429 | 2.03125 | 2 |
The Cockburn Lighthouse site (ID 121) was first recorded by Sally McGann (on behalf of Quartermaine Consultants) in 1996, during an archaeological investigation for Aboriginal sites at Lake Coogee, Thomsons Lake and Kogolup
Lake for Water Corporation. The archaeological scatter was found on an exposed sandy area next to a dirt track, east of a quarry (McGann, 1996). The site consists of a surface scatter of around 100 pieces of fractured porcelain, within a 32cm x 16cm area. McGann (1996) notes that the scatter “Appears to be an isolated incident”, and that “All artefacts are from the same vessel.” Approximately 14 metres south of the scatter there was also found one flaked insulator (core), with no associated debris. McGann reported in 1996 a minimal level of vehicle disturbance to the site area, which sits on the Cottesloe Sands and had a sparse cover of sand plain flora.
A survey by Clune & Raaff in 1997 attempted but was unable to relocate the Cockburn Lighthouse archaeological site, ‘although an extensive investigation was made in the reported location’ (1997: ii). Their report does, however, emphasise that ‘the site possibly continues to exist’, and recommends that it be taken into account when assessing and conducting any development in the vicinity. | <urn:uuid:1bbedaf9-6af3-489c-8928-b38f2806b1d3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.derbalnara.org.au/indigenous-heritage-sites/cockburn-lighthouse | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.966585 | 288 | 2.859375 | 3 |
A women’s group is helping to consolidate the peace in Liberia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone, a region that for over a decade has been one of civil war and upheaval.
The Mano River Women’s Peace Network – named after the waterway that runs through the three West African states –- is helping to rehabilitate refugees, elect women to high office, and create a peace network to encourage cooperation and understanding at the local level.
Saran Daraba Kaba is the founder of the network, called by its acronym, MAROPNET, for short. She says among the group’s new efforts is the establishment of three community development radios – in Balamuya on the border between Guinea and Sierra Leone; in the Guinean town of Lola and in a yet to be determined site in Liberia’s Loffa country.
MAROPNET is also encouraging traditional communicators, including griots, to back peace efforts through its Preventive Action Project (or PAP).
“In Guinea, we trained nine categories of traditional communicators. Now, we have a network of communicators working on conflict, HIV, and government. They are full-time players because they speak in local languages which people understand.”
She says another issue among her group’s agenda is to see that womens issues are included in the demobilization, disarmament and reintegration efforts (or “DDR”) in Liberia and Sierra Leone:
“Women who were sexual slaves of the rebels have not been taken into consideration in the DDR package. So we have hundreds of women with children in Sierra Leone who were “married” to rebels (but who now have) no official status. They were rejected by their own communities because they had been with the rebels.”
Kaba says MAROPNET is working to elect women to parliament in next year’s elections in Sierra Leone and Guinea. She says one of the group’s members is already serving in Liberia’s legislature, while another is the vice-speaker in Sierra Leone’s House of Representatives. Kaba credits MAROPNET with successfully supporting the peace process and in helping to elect Africa’s first woman president, Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, of Liberia. She says the group is a model for the continent and the world. | <urn:uuid:280dc5a2-9ac9-4c22-9fc9-08d4d4aa366e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2006-11-16-voa20/314160.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00311-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969981 | 490 | 2.4375 | 2 |
Prana (Cosmic Life Force Energy) is essential to support all lifeforms (plants, animals, humans, etc) and their functions, the air that we breathe, food that we eat, water that we drink are all its explicit and implicit sources. Pranic healing is the practice that spiritually, psychically, righteously, and piously guides and intends Universally present Cosmic Life Force Energy to heal one’s body, mind, and soul, and/or that of others too. Through Pranic healing, we can transcend our apparent limitations and become free-flowing with the Spirit. All-inclusive and integrative overall healing at the four levels viz. spiritual, mental, emotional, and physical can be achieved by Pranic healing in order to find, maintain and sustain balance, wholeness, and fulfillment. We as the human body are not merely a biological-biochemical factory but as a whole entity in time and space that is affected by our consciousness and the experiences of life, now and through many incarnations. Therefore, utilizing holistic concepts of Pranic healing that also use our minds creatively to bring health to our bodies is a multilayered process of healing. Most ailments or difficulties often have their commencement in our former lives, and since the predispositions of the same are in our subconscious mind, that is the storehouses of all reminiscences of our previous lives, therefore, the Pranic healing targets to realize and release those underlying roots.
Pranic Healing Program Component
The fundamental component of Pranic healing comprises the Cosmic Life Force Energy (Prana) that is Universally present all over, across entire Space. The same is fundamentally vital for our creation, existence, sustenance, and expansion of our consciousness. Prana is the Sanskrit term for Cosmic Life Force Energy, and it is best received by being at our natural state of mind is peace. The deficit of this Pranic Energy in any cell, tissue, organ, or body causes dissonance, dysfunction, or disease, in case there are physical, emotional, or mental obstructive toxins or debris in its pathways. Prana can freely flow only if the passageways (Nadis) are clear, clean, and free from obstructions. Nadis, the Subtle Energy Channels are energy passageways through which Prana or the vital Cosmic Life Force Energy flows. Similar to the way physical veins carry blood through the circulatory system, the Nadis carry energy through beings. Wherever the prana cannot flow freely in the Naids the mental, emotional, and physical ailments in the person are observed. Pranic healing emphatically brings glad tidings of health, happiness, and holiness as the Prana flows through the body.
Pranic Healing Program Process
With an objective of a healthy, hearty, and happy physical body as well as subtle etheric, astral, causal, and super causal bodies, the process of Pranic healing involves:
- Psychic scanning to detect the imbalanced or undistributed Prana flow,
Eradicating auric-etheric debris or obstructions to clear the channels for
- Restoring and rejuvenating through supplementing Prana.
- Stabilizing the Prana for aliveness.
- Sustaining the Prana through life.
What Will You Learn?
- Learn comprehensively the principle of Alchemy.
- Learn to steer the Prana flow for self-healing or healing others.
- Learn to access Pranic energy through varied meditative techniques,
- Learn to transmit specific Pranic frequencies for chakra-vise respective needs to accelerate healing through white light or vibgyor spectrum. | <urn:uuid:eedcbe6c-a4f6-49ef-b339-b8c2ddb74609> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://soulfullivingllc.com/courses/pranic-healing-full-course/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.907939 | 842 | 1.984375 | 2 |
Just Mercy—based on Bryan Stevenson’s memoir—released somewhat quietly in December of last year. The film starred Michael B. Jordan as Stevenson, a lawyer who travels to Alabama in hopes of providing legal representation to wrongly-convicted prisoners. Throughout the course of the film, he comes to represent Walter McMillian, played by Jamie Foxx, a death row inmate sentenced for the murder of a white woman. (The film’s trial is the real-life 1993 case of Walter McMillian v. State.)
In the wake of recent events, highlighting—like the film—failures in criminal justice enforcement and procedures, Warner Bros. will be making the film free to stream over the next month. The company said their intention was educational, stating: “We believe in the power of story. Our film Just Mercy, based on the life work of civil rights attorney Bryan Stevenson, is one resource we can humbly offer to those who are interested in learning more about the systemic racism that plagues our society.”
Before Just Mercy was even made, the project was taking steps toward equality in the arts. It was the first major studio film to use an “inclusion rider,” which mandated a proportion of the cast and crew to include persons of underrepresented groups.
More From Good Housekeeping
Jordan told the Associated Press late last year of his motivations to play Stevenson: “Meeting that person is like: Man, this is the hidden gem. This is the unsung hero. This is the national hero that needs to be protected at all costs. I wanted to do his story justice.”
Jordan’s film career has featured more than one role—fictional and real—which illustrate racial injustice. In 2013, he played Oscar Grant in Fruitvale Station. The film chronicles the final hours of Oscar Grant who was fatally shot by police in Oakland, California, after police responded to an apparent fight on the train. One of his earliest roles, Wallace in The Wire, portrayed a kid trapped, chewed up, and then spit out by the Baltimore drug trade.
How to Watch Just Mercy
Joshua St Clair is an editorial assistant at Men's Health Magazine. | <urn:uuid:6dd80c89-8335-4ec2-a1d0-77aa6535b676> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/life/entertainment/a32780750/how-to-stream-just-mercy-for-free/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.963956 | 452 | 1.804688 | 2 |
REACH is a chemicals management regulation of the European Union. REACH stands for Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals. It entered into force on 1 June 2007, and has been implemented in a stepwise approach. Under the REACH Regulation, companies are responsible for providing information on the hazards, risks and safe use of chemical substances that they manufacture or import. Companies register this information with ECHA (European Chemicals Agency in Finland), who makes selected information freely available on their website (http://echa.europa.eu/web/guest). So far, thousands of the most hazardous and the most commonly used substances have been registered.
Our vision on REACH
Chemicals are the cornerstone of our society. While we realize that chemicals are essential to our contemporary way of living, at the same time we have to take care to produce and use them in a safe way. As a responsible manufacturer and importer of chemicals, SABIC cares for the safety and health of people and the environment, and compliance with REACH is merely a logical step.
REACH will encourage the industry to innovate and either to replace substances of very high concern by suitable alternatives, or use them in a way in which risks are adequately controlled.
SABIC fully supports the REACH objectives, which entirely tally with our EHSS policy. It is our policy to minimize the risks associated with our production activities and products, and to continuously improve their safety, health, and environmental performance. SABIC will cooperate with co-producers, suppliers, and customers to achieve our REACH goals.
REACH is a license to operate and a prerequisite for the European industry to market their products in the EU. The EU chemicals industry will benefit, as will SABIC, from a single EU regulatory system for existing and new chemicals. REACH will create a higher level of protection from risks of chemicals for EU citizens, resulting in human health benefits and lower medical expenses.
REACH will be a challenge for the chemical industry. It will lead to an increase of knowledge and expertise regarding chemical substances with all stakeholders involved. All chemical substances in Europe will be comprehensively documented, including risk assessments. SABIC will incorporate this additional information, as far as necessary and appropriate, in the Safety Data Sheets of their products.
SABIC is fully committed to supporting and fulfilling the REACH requirements and objectives to ensure continued availability of products for our customers.
SABIC has successfully registered all required chemical substances to allow continued manufacture, use, and import of SABIC products into the EU by selected European SABIC Legal Entities. Also, SABIC is actively preparing for future registration needs, and SABIC continues to participate in Substance Information Exchange Forums (SIEFs) and consortia.
Please note that obtained REACH registration numbers are linked with SABIC legal entities established within the EU registering the substance and the formulation of this substance. SABIC REACH registration numbers do not cover the import of substances into the European Union by non-SABIC companies.
REACH registration numbers are –if applicable- communicated through our Safety Data Sheets.
Safety Data Sheets
Safety Data Sheets for SABIC products have been adapted to meet REACH format standards.
For selected products, Safety Data Sheets can be obtained at the website by first selecting the relevant product: www.SABIC.com.
For hazardous chemicals, Safety Data Sheets are provided to customers automatically with first shipment or after significant changes in the documents.
The Classification, Labelling and Packaging Regulation (CLP) introduces into the EU the globally harmonised system for classifying and labelling chemicals. This means that the same system is now used throughout the world. This will enable workers and consumers to become more familiar with the symbols and to get to know the effects of chemicals and know how to use products safely. International trade in chemicals will also be easier, as the standards for transportation and supply will be the same world-wide.
Companies need to notify ECHA of the classification and labelling that they use for their chemicals. So far, ECHA has received millions of these notifications. The information is freely available on the website (http://echa.europa.eu/web/guest).
ECHA works together with the European Commission and the EU Member States for the safety of human health and the environment by identifying the needs for regulatory risk management at an EU-wide level. The Member States or ECHA (at the request of the Commission) initiate the identification of substances of very high concern and restrictions, and Industry can submit applications for authorisation.
The identification of a substance as Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC) and its inclusion in the Candidate List is the first step of the authorisation procedure.
SABIC continually reviews its database of approved raw materials and identifies the use of any of these candidate substances as a raw material to produce finished goods within the EU or to produce finished goods which SABIC brings into the EU as importer of record. If we were to determine that an SVHC is used, all attempts would be made to eliminate the material and/or find a substitute. Any relevant SVHC information will be conveyed through updated Safety Data Sheets. | <urn:uuid:948e0034-8ad0-4036-b1e7-765199a78ddd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sabic.com/ar/about/ehss/reach | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.93254 | 1,098 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Charles Swisher was born in Marion County in 1856. He was a member of the West Virginia House of Delegates from 1901-1902 and served in the 11 District seat of the State Senate from 1903-1905. In 1905 he became the thirteenth Secretary of
State. He served until 1909.
Stuart Reed was born near Philippi in Barbour County in 1866. Upon graduation Reed was editor of the Telegram in Clarksburg; served as Postmaster of Clarksburg and served in the State Senate from 1895-1898. He was also the president on the
board of trustees at what is today, Alderson Broaddus College from 1901-1908. Stuart Reed served as the fourteenth Secretary of State from 1909-1917. Reed served as the first president of the National Association of Secretaries of State
from 1915-1917. After serving as Secretary of State, Reed was elected to West Virginia's 3rd Congressional District in the U.S. House of Representatives and served there until 1925.
Houston Young was born in Harrison County. He served as the fifteenth Secretary of State from 1917-1925. Young briefly served as Secretary of the Capitol Complex Planning Commission while serving as Secretary of State.
George Sharp served as the sixteenth Secretary of State from 1925-1933. Sharp was from Pocahontas County. After leaving office Sharp served as chair of the Pocahontas Republican Party from 1940-1945.
William O'Brien was born in 1862 at Audra in Philippi in Barbour County and resided in Upshur County. He served as a captain in the West Virginia National Guard in 1894 and 1895. O'Brien was elected to serve as a state circuit judge for the
12th circuit district from 1913-1920. He was also elected to the 3rd West Virginia Congressional District to the U.S. House of Representatives from 1927 to 1929. William O'Brien was elected as the seventeenth Secretary of State in 1932,
1936, 1940 and 1944. He served in that capacity until his death.
Daniel O'Brien was born in Buckhannon, West Virginia in 1900. He was the son of the seventeenth Secretary of State William O'Brien. D. Pitt O'Brien served in the U.S. Army during both World Wars, was a school teacher, and served as an assistant
under his father in the Secretary of State's office. O'Brien was elected as the eighteenth Secretary of State in 1948 and again in 1956. He died suddenly in 1957 during the first year of his second term.
Helen Holt was appointed as the nineteenth Secretary of State by Governor Cecil Underwood after the sudden passing of D. Pitt O'Brien. She became the first female to serve as Secretary of State and the first female to serve on the West Virginia
Board of Public Works. Before being appointed as Secretary of State, Holt was previously appointed to fill her husband's House of Delegates seat for his unexpired term in the West Virginia Legislature shortly after his death in 1955. She
was the widow to the late Rush Holt Sr., a former state legislator, U.S. Congressman and was one of the youngest individuals elected to the U.S. Senate at age twenty nine.
Joe Burdett was elected as the twentieth Secretary of State in 1958 and served until 1965.
Robert Bailey was born in Baileysville, Wyoming County in 1912. During World War II, Bailey served in the U.S. Army in the European Theater. His first stint in public office came when he was elected as the Prosecutor of Wyoming County in 1941
and served until 1961. He was appointed as the twenty-first Secretary of State on May 17th, 1965 to fill an unexpired term and was elected to a full term in 1966. He served until 1969.
John D. Rockefeller was born in New York City in 1937. He moved to West Virginia in 1964 as a VISTA volunteer. Rockefeller was first elected to public office in 1966 to the West Virginia House of Delegates. He was elected as the twenty-second
Secretary of State in 1969 and served in the capacity until 1972. In 1976 Rockefeller was elected as the Governor of West Virginia and was re-elected in 1980. Rockefeller was elected to the United States Senate in 1984, 1990, 1996, 2002
and most recently in 2008. He retired in 2014.
Edgar Heiskell was elected as the twenty-third Secretary of State in 1972 and served until 1975.
James McCartney was appointed as the twenty-fourth Secretary of State in 1975 and served until 1977.
A. James Manchin was elected as the twenty-fifth Secretary of State in 1976 and served until 1985.
Ken Hechler was elected as the twenty-sixth Secretary of State in 1984 and served until 2001.
If we may be of any further assistance, please don't hesitate to contact us: 304.558.6000 toll free 866.767.8683 email: firstname.lastname@example.org | <urn:uuid:8207712a-167f-4817-87b7-0240afdc3177> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dev-sos.wv.gov/about/Pages/History-1905-2001.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.989871 | 1,030 | 2.15625 | 2 |
An Arizona state representative appeared to compare President Barack Obama to Adolf Hitler in a Monday Facebook post that’s drawing controversy.
“Someone is paying the National Park Service thugs overtime for their efforts to carry out the order of De Fuhrer… where are our Constitutional Sheriffs who can revoke the Park Service Rangers authority to arrest??? Do we have any Sheriffs with a pair?” state Rep. Brenda Barton (R) posted on Facebook Monday.
Fuhrer is a German term for leader, often associated with Hitler.
In a followup post, she said “The Chief Executive is being an Imperial President.”
The posts have reportedly been heavily criticized by Democrats and others in the community.
Nonetheless, Barton said she stands by her comments in an interview with the Arizona Capitol Times.
“He’s dictating beyond his authority,” she said.
“It’s not just the death camps. [Hitler] started in the communities, with national health care and gun control,” Barton continued. “You better read your history. Germany started with national health care and gun control before any of that other stuff happened. And Hitler was elected by a majority of people.”
Barton said Obama is leading America toward an imperial dictatorship and that America is beginning to resemble early Nazi Germany, according to the Arizona Capitol Times.
(H/T: Arizona Capitol Times)
Follow Oliver Darcy (@oliverdarcy) on Twitter | <urn:uuid:a311b0c4-af3d-42cb-afba-191e484f8c2d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.theblaze.com/stories/2013/10/08/arizona-state-rep-compares-obama-to-hitler-on-facebook/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719468.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00530-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948796 | 309 | 1.664063 | 2 |
The first leg of this trade was merchants from Europe bringing refined goods to Africa to trade for slaves. The merchants traded with chiefs and high authority leaders. The chiefs pretty much could and would trade whomever they pleased, there was no restriction regarding who the slaves were.
On the second leg of this trade slaves were transported to the West Indies, this leg was called the middle passage. This part was horrible for the slaves. About 50% of all the slaves on one ship would not make it to the West Indies because of disease or brutal mistreatment. Hundreds of men, woman and children were cramped together for most of the journey, occasionally able move an almost decent amount.
On the third leg of the journey slaves were traded for sugar, molasses and other products. Those products were shipped to Europe or other European colonies in the Americas. The slaves in the West Indies were then sold to whomever wanted to buy some. After this whole process the cycle repeated itself over and over, and this system was used for a long time.
To supply the thirteen colonies effectively though trade, Europe came up with the idea of triangular trade. Africa, the 13 colonies, and Europe were part of Europe's invention of triangular trade. In all,... | <urn:uuid:74bd269c-b1d0-4c39-a986-05a3185e6371> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.studymode.com/essays/Triangular-Trade-37396.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00393-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980073 | 249 | 4.21875 | 4 |
- Nutrient Type:
Why a Foliar Micronutrient?
Foliar nutrition is an effective practice to address both the peak nutrient demands periods of a crop and if necessary, to correct micronutrient deficiencies.
Even though the plant may require a smaller amount of these nutrients (when compared to macronutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), it is still essential that the plant does not run short. It is also critical that the micronutrient levels in the plant still stay in balance with the other nutrients (both macronutrient and secondary) so not to limit the genetic potential of the crop. If one of these nutrients is out of balance, yield will be lost.
There are a number of benefits when using foliar nutrition that include (but not limited to):
- The response by the plant to the nutrient being applied is immediate, so imbalances can be corrected immediately.
- Application rates are to meet the nutritional needs of the plant for 7-10 days, so a much lower rate is required than a soil application.
- It is easy to get uniform coverage of the nutrient(s) across the entire crop.
- In most situations, the micronutrient can be combined with an existing pass across the field to optimize your time and cost.
To confirm if a nutrient is out of balance, it is recommended that tissue samples be taken. The preferred method in tissue sampling is to separate the plant into old new and old leaves and analyze each portion of the plant separately.
Adding foliar nutrition to your herbicide application? With strong commodity prices combined with high-cost nutrition inputs, growers are tweaking their overall fertility plan to improve
Impel is the premium line of foliar micronutrients designed to address and overcome specific micronutrient deficiencies in the plant.
- Four foliar micronutrients available to meet your plant’s needs: Impel Copper, Impel Zinc, Impel Manganese, and Impel Boron.
- The Impel line is 100% plant available and crop safe.
- Powered by Convey and Cellburst Technology.
- Impel improves fertilizer use by increasing the mobility and uptake of the nutrient in the plant.
Proven Agronomic Performance
- Both small plot and field demonstration trials have demonstrated a 3 to 13 bu/ac yield increase when both the field and crop are responsive to the targeted nutrient.
- Impel Boron was applied at either the herbicide timing (BBCH 14-15) or at 10% bloom (BBCH 61) or a combination of these 2 timings. The general rate for these trials was 0.5 to 1.0 qt/ac
- Impel Manganese was applied at 1 qt/ac with a glyphosate application at the V5 stage.
- Impel Copper is recommended to be applied at BBCH 14 (herbicide timing) and BBCH 45 (fungicide timing) growth stage, with the recommended rate being 0.5 to 1.0 qt/ac depending upon the tank mix partners.
See the Difference
|5-0-0 -10B + Convey + BA + TE||0.5-1.0 qt/ac||Foliar||Liquid||Case (2x2.5 gallon), 125 gallon, 250 gallon|
|5Cu-2.5S + Convey +BA||0.5-1.0 qt/ac||Foliar||Liquid||Case (2x2.5 gallon), 125 gallon, 250 gallon|
|5Mn-3S + Convey + BA||0.5-1.0 qt/ac||Foliar||Liquid||Case (2x2.5 gallon), 125 gallon, 250 gallon|
|9Zn-3.8S + Convey + BA||0.5-1.0 qt/ac||Foliar||Liquid||Case (2x2.5 gallon), 125 gallon, 250 gallon|
- Impel products can be applied throughout the growing season. For efficiency, Impel products can be added with the herbicide and/or fungicide application.
- Use proper water volume (minimum 10 gallons) to ensure uniform coverage and optimum uptake.
- Do not spray in the heat of the day or when plants are under moisture stress. Spray in the late evening or early morning.
- Tank mix compatibility is impacted by water quality which may vary by location, so conduct a jar test prior to combining Impel with a crop protection product.
- To view the Impel Line’s SDS and Product Labels please visit www.atpag.com | <urn:uuid:6c6c5b3a-4911-4bc6-81c8-9cd381e13295> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://atpag.com/plant_nutrition/impel/?lang=us | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.853013 | 1,041 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Schlumberger Invests $1 Billion Yearly in R & D
Schlumberger invests roughly $1 billion a year in research and development, a level it maintained even during the slump after the 2008 financial crisis. That is as much as the mighty ExxonMobil spends; as a share of sales, five times more. The big OFS companies now probably file more patent applications than the oil majors, whose technological skills are largely interpretive. _Economist
Innovations in directional drilling, advanced hydraulic fracturing, and increasing ability to drill more deeply into more types of terrain, are advancing the art of oil production worldwide. The companies which are pushing these technologies the most quickly are largely to be thanked for the revolutions in production across North America -- and in the deep ocean.
Oilfield services (OFS) firms such as Schlumberger are the unsung workhorses of the oil industry. They do most of the heavy lifting involved in finding and extracting oil and gas. They are far less well-known than the oil firms that hire them, but immensely lucrative. Schlumberger, with headquarters in Paris and Houston, earned profits of $5 billion on revenues of $40 billion last year. Its market capitalisation has risen fourfold in the past decade, to $91 billion. That is bigger than several international oil companies, including ENI ($82 billion), Statoil ($75 billion) and Conoco-Philips ($71 billion).
With the price of oil so high, firms are scrambling to pump it out of ever more remote and costly crevices. Over the past decade the oil industry’s annual spending on exploration and production has increased fourfold in nominal terms, while oil production is up by only 12%. The big services companies, which invest heavily in technology (see chart), have been growing by around 10% a year. According to McKinsey, a consultancy, OFS companies grossed around $750 billion last year.
The oil business is likely to grow even more dependent on brainy OFS firms. Global production from mature oilfields is falling by between 2% and 6% a year. In the North Sea it has declined by 6% a year on average since 1999. With global demand for oil growing by 1-2% a year, there are persistent fears of a supply shock. Hence the current high oil prices: even after a 20% fall in recent months, Brent Crude is now around $100 a barrel. Oil firms are searching harder in more remote places, such as the Arctic and the deep seas off Brazil. Operating in such places will require yet more snazzy technology.
Schlumberger is planning more of what it is best at: pushing the technological boundaries of extracting the black stuff. It has recently been busy making acquisitions—including of Smith International, an American drill-bit company, for $11.3 billion—which have given it know-how in most segments of exploration and production. It now hopes to re-engineer the entire process.
The prize of increased efficiencies—delivered in barrels of money, not oil—could be vast. A big deepwater drilling rig costs half a million dollars a day to rent, and can take three months to drill a complicated well. Any OFS company that can shave a few days off that time will be in the money. Drilling is thrilling, and getting more so. _Economist
Investment into innovative oil production and recovery technologies is one of the reasons why peak oil has been pushed back many decades past the time that peak oilers began to predict it. While cultists are chanting "EROEI - EROEI . . ." in darkened cloisters, more ambitious men and women are busy at work, solving problems.
It is a difference in philosophy and outlook, between the doomers, and those who have important things to do. | <urn:uuid:5d525dc1-957c-4c3b-a80f-6f2d87387954> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://alfin2300.blogspot.com/2012/07/schlumberger-invests-1-billion-yearly.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00226-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963074 | 791 | 1.671875 | 2 |
10. Dusty Springfield, Dusty In Memphis
Widely considered one of the greatest albums of all time, Springfield happened to be a lesbian who delivered a classic album. It included the sexually free “Son of a Preacher Man” and “Windmills of My Mind.”
9. Cris Williamson, The Changer and the Changed
The best selling album from the lesbian-owned and run Olivia Records, Cris Williamson’s “The Changer and the Changed,” is considered a benchmark collection of songs that helped usher in the era of women’s music. From “Waterfall” to “Sister,” Williamson’s work epitomizes women’s music.
8. Eurythmics, Touch
Aside from her amazing voice, Annie Lennox’s gender/bending appeal was unprecedented and inspired a generation of new wave girls to buzz their hair and dye it shocking red. The album also showcased Lennox’s pristine vocals, ranging from the eerie hit “Here Comes the Rain Again” to the feel-good love song “Right By Your Side,” and “Who’s That Girl.”
7. Ani DiFranco, Dilate
As wildly prolific as any singer/songwriter in history, Ani DiFranco's seventh release “Dilate” took her acoustic/folk leanings and amped them up with a collection of outstanding songs, including “Untouchable Face” and “Napoleon.” The woman who coined “Every Tool is a Weapon if You Hold it Right” had fully come into her own.
6. Janis Ian, Between the Lines
Janis Ian would not come out publicly as a lesbian for many years afterthis album’s release, but her beautiful songs bore a distinctly queer bent. She appealed to the outsiders, with the single “At Seventeen” being a paean to pariahs and wallflowers.
5. Indigo Girls, Swamp Ophelia
No shock to see the Girls on this list, as Amy Ray and Emily Saliers have long been favorites with their lesbian fans. On the excellent “Swamp Ophelia” they openly appealed to the ladies with songs like “Power of Two” and “Least Complicated.” And since it was released about 10 years after their debut album, “Swamp Ophelia” endeared them to a new generation of young lesbian listeners.
4. Melissa Etheridge, Yes I Am
While Melissa Etheridge had come out publicly several years before “Yes I Am’s” release she full-on declared it in song with the title cut. The album spawned mega-hits with “Come to My Window” and “I’m the Only One,” making her a huge crossoer hit.
3. Sophie B Hawkins, Tongues and Tails
Sophie B. Hawkins declared “Damn I Wish I was Your Lover” on this album, and with the use of the pronoun “her” garnered legions of lady fans. The sexually fluid Hawkins’ transparency about her attraction to women was wildly refreshing, and her fans have rewarded her for it with absolute loyalty.
2. Tracy Chapman, Tracy Chapman
Unlike anything that was on the radio in 1988, Tracy Chapman’s self-titled debut was the acoustic album heard round the world. From her mega-hit “Fast Car,” about escaping a bad relationship, to the continually relevant “Talkin’ Bout a Revolution” to the gorgeous love song “Baby Can I Hold You,” Chapman’s debut instantly catapulted her into the hearts of gay women.
1. Sarah McLachlan, Fumbling Towards Ecstasy
Sarah McLachlan’s third full-length album launched her past indie music lovers into stardom. Her ethereal songs with pristine vocals, on tunes like “Possession” and “Fear,” made her truly unforgettable. Of the hundred or so women SheWired polled, “Fumbling” turned up on nearly every one. As they said in the article, "Aside from being just plain great aural pleasure one respondent may have put it best when she said that it was also great sex music."
Read the complete Top 100 Lesbian Albums of All Time on SheWired. | <urn:uuid:869782af-b37a-4f78-8e70-ceca041cd4a8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.out.com/entertainment/popnography/2011/04/top-10-lesbian-albums.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00215-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948922 | 946 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Sometimes it pays to doubt the basics of life. WeWork did simply that, by questioning the very construct of an office. Prior to WeWork interrupted the market with common work spaces, workplaces belonged to the established norm. While it fit mid to large-sized business, start-ups, and also business owners were at a considerable drawback. Property lease, rental fee, furniture, upkeep, and energy expenses are a significant portion of costs that can place significant stress on business with bootstrap service plans 2401 elliott ave wework.
But everyone needed to have a workplace and also had to sustain those recurring expenditures. The only exemptions were those start-ups running out of dormitory or garages, or writers functioning from cafes. If this was an obstacle for numerous thousands of small-scale services and also business owners, for WeWork, it was an enormous chance. They saw coworking rooms as a sensible business model that could be scaled as much as develop engaging cost performances.
Today, WeWork is identified with coworking. Remote job and also electronic workplaces are now obtaining normalized as a result of COVID-19. This brand-new regular is not simply suitable to small businesses however large ventures also. Coworking is right here to remain irrespective of a firm’s size. What the pandemic forced on the globe is what WeWork had pictured nearly a years back.
Which leads one to ask, what is the WeWork service model? What did WeWork do in different ways? Exactly how does WeWork gain their earnings? Why did investors wager large on the firm? Notably, is its company version lasting?
What is WeWork?
WeWork was started by Adam Neumann, Rebekah Neumann, and Miguel McKelvey. Although it was founded in 2010, its origins can be mapped to Eco-friendly Desk, an eco-friendly common work area that the creators had actually begun in 2008. What they began in a storehouse quickly ended up being a coworking version that was spread to over 100 areas. After a year, they sold business to their companion that was also the landlord of the structure. From the profits of that transaction, WeWork was birthed.
Today it’s probably the most acknowledged name in the coworking market. WeWork has around 828 buildings around the world satisfying near 600,000 members. The firm that has 6000 staff members is now valued at around $3 billion. The firm’s sub-brands include Surge by We, WeLive, as well as WeWork Labs, a startup incubator. Since February 2020, Sandeep Mathrani, formerly of Brookfield Building Partners, and GGP Inc. has actually been the CEO of the firm.
What does WeWork Do?
WeWork uses adaptable coworking options to entrepreneurs, freelancers, as well as local business. The firm likewise has big business as its clients. The firm rents room from property owners in cities, renovates it into a coworking space with desks and also exclusive workplaces, and afterwards leases it bent on local business and also entrepreneurs. The firm interrupted the business property industry by making it flexible.
Little companies and startups can not devote to the minimal sensible rent required for workplace because of 2 crucial reasons. They frequently do not have the financial transmission capacity to sign lasting leases. Secondly, these companies with limited spending plans and manpower may not need big offices. Also after that, they are required to authorize leases which causes significant redundancies and also repeating expenses. WeWork resolved that issue by aggregating office. Currently, entrepreneurs didn’t need to shell out excessively high rental fees for room they didn’t need. They only had to pay for what they utilized, as well as importantly, when they used it.
By making real estate adaptable, something uncommon in the industry at a huge scale, WeWork realized that it might tremendously enhance the need for common office, particularly in urban areas. They also recognized that their remedies couldn’t be one-size-fits-all.
WeWork has a functional collection of offerings that include hot desks, devoted desks, personal office spaces, and also tailor-made spaces.
Hot workdesks are suitable for freelancers who do not have actually a fixed schedule and also can utilize the facility whenever they such as. They can stroll in and also choose any offered workdesk. This is useful for service tourists who might need workplace for a day or two. Committed workdesks are for those routine workers and businesses who might need area reserved for them. For local business that require their employees to sit together, WeWork provides exclusive office spaces that have all the amenities one would certainly anticipate from a specialist setting. They use personal privacy and also exclusive accessibility.
The business additionally has a costs choice of custom-built areas that are designed for enterprises that would desire their office space tailored. These workplaces are outfitted with laboratories, board rooms, and also collections for senior management. For bigger groups, WeWork supplies the alternative of headquarters that comes with private floorings, the choice of exclusive branding, as well as the flexibility to have the layout personalized.
WeWork’s one-of-a-kind design was one of the factors that got it a great deal of media attention in the beginning days. The focus was on developing common locations that would foster a sense of area among the occupants. For the founders, the ‘we’ in the company name was not decorative or gimmicky. It reflected their vision of a neighborhood of people, as well as firms, all working and also networking harmoniously.
It is very important to keep in mind that WeWork is not an aggregator in the sense that Uber and Airbnb are called aggregators. They are not a system where demand and supply fulfill. They are not bringing together purchasers and also vendors. They are the buyers, and also they are the sellers. The firm isn’t in the business of just accumulating office spaces and connecting them with business owners and also local business. Uber does not own vehicles as well as Airbnb is not in the business of buying residential properties. WeWork, on the other hand, rents area, transforms them right into practical workplace floors and after that sublets them with varying services at various price points.
This crucial difference suggests that WeWork needs to make considerable financial investments ahead of time to obtain the property, retool it, as well as obtain the end product all set. This delivery component likewise results in a situation where the price is relatively dealt with, with little possible for variable and short-lived costs charges based on surges in demand. However the business thinks that the significant benefits they use negate any threats connected with higher financial investments.
The universalization of the modern-day workplace can be traced to the commercial period when supervisors and also management physically needed to lie at the factory facilities. This made looking after production very easy. It likewise made good sense to optimize resource allowance by having all personnel under one roof covering. All factory are based upon this suggestion of price effectiveness with centralization of individuals as well as processes. But in post-industrial cultures, a long-term workplace seems like excess for many industries. Certainly lots of companies in the production as well as service sectors require their staff members to be on-premise. For several other firms and institutions, it’s totally feasible for the personnel to be off-site as well as still be useful as a team.
After all, if the suggestion of the office was to connect individuals, what need does it serve when the staff members are already attached? This is acutely real for business owners, freelancers, and small companies. WeWork makes expert rooms obtainable to them at a portion of the price of typical workplace.
To begin with, business owners as well as company owner can conserve a great deal of time with WeWork. Finding the ideal office space in a city is time-consuming. For local business with minimal resources, this can be restricting, as well as will certainly typically lead to sub-optimal leasing decisions. With WeWork, they can begin quickly. There’s no searching around, no discussions with property owners, no negotiations on lease.
Low Financial investment
There are no investments required upfront. Renting out workplace converts to significant expenditures on not just the lease yet brokerage charges, interior decoration as well as furnishings expenses, on-site branding expenditure, and so on. Business owners as well as local business save a substantial quantity of cash when they choose the WeWork design that doesn’t require any of these.
WeWork makes tremendous sense for smaller sized operations is that there are no added persisting expenses. With a normal workplace, everything from utility costs to protection charges to equipment maintenance prices to other assorted expenses can add up to high monthly prices. A lot of these fees are independent of the dimension of the company. Whether it’s a two-person start-up or a small company with six people, there will be these unavoidable expenses. However not with WeWork. This also implies that small companies and business owners do not have to worry about the typical functional concerns associated with office.
The 4th advantage of WeWork is that a lot of its residential or commercial properties remain in remarkable places. These are addresses that workers would enjoy to take a trip to, as well as would certainly love to flaunt. The right place likewise indicates that its incumbents do not need to take a trip as well far or be forced to function from more overloaded parts of the city. Plus, the amenities WeWork offers are a fantastic destination for staff members. When small companies have offices that employees eagerly anticipate mosting likely to, geared up with desirable facilities, it also becomes less complicated for them to draw in ability.
Lastly, freelancers and business owners like WeWork for its feeling of community. The layout and also interiors are intentionally created to encourage communications. There is a provision in their app that permits individuals to interact with each other through messages as well as blog posts. All these are meant to not just organically bring about more chances but additionally a feeling of neighborhood. These five advantages are compelling value suggestions for those beginning or are leading local business. However their advantages are attracting tenants past those from the job economy. Huge enterprises have additionally partnered with WeWork for the distinct benefits the co-working large offers. Numerous of them have actually begun making use of WeWork centers as hubs for some of their localized workers. | <urn:uuid:b17f7145-8611-4586-9e64-9469be8c1de0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.prodigemusic.com/2401-elliott-ave-wework/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.979197 | 2,161 | 2.09375 | 2 |
A new mortgage fraud, bewareDate: April 21, 2005
Source: JS Online
Cases of mortgage fraud are mounting.
The financial toll is reaching "tens of millions of dollars each year," though the actual damage is "unknown and probably unknowable," said William Matthews, vice president of Mortgage Asset Research Institute Inc., in an interview from his Reston, Va., headquarters.
Losses hit consumers, lenders, investors and neighborhoods in any combination, depending on the scam, said one industry expert.
As of September 2004, 533 FBI mortgage fraud investigations were under way, up from 202 in 2001, according to a Mortgage Bankers Association analysis released in January. The same report stated that, by last September, banks had reported 12,100 cases of suspicious financial activity to date in 2004, compared with 4,220 in all of 2001.
"We're seeing more incidents reported every year, and it's getting more egregious, in terms of losses," Matthews said.
Matthews, who is co-author of an annual mortgage fraud report to the Mortgage Bankers Association of America, sees the crime spree as tied to the market's heady growth - now nearly triple its $1 trillion size in 2000.
His reports don't calculate dollar losses, which he said victims are loathe to disclose, and complaint volume is kept confidential. Despite the private nature of his work, Matthews agreed to share his insights.
Add comment Email to a Friend | <urn:uuid:b87a8374-7974-4685-bfda-0bb573637a8b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.crime-research.org/news/04.21.2005/1154/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00100-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96717 | 298 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Every time you ‘like’ and share this post, Johnson & Johnson will donate $1 (per social action), up to $350,000, via the Global Moms Relay, to help improve the health and well-being of families worldwide in support of [email protected], Girl Up, Peace Corps Let Girls Learn Fund, UNICEF USA and Nothing But Nets. More below!
For the United Nations, Syria is the biggest humanitarian crisis today. As it enters its fifth year, the humanitarian impact in and around Syria remains overwhelming. It has placed 12.2 million people in need of aid, internally displaced 7.6 million people and caused 3.9 million Syrians to flee to neighboring countries.
Among the affected population in Syria and refugees in the region, 4 million women and girls of child-bearing age need special attention. This includes nearly half a million pregnant women in Syria alone, in addition to the estimated 70,000 currently pregnant refugee women and girls from Syria. Those numbers are hard to grasp. The realities of what women and girls fleeing the crisis are experiencing are best shown through their own stories.
An overview of the Domiz refugee camp in the Kurdistan region of Iraq.
These Syrian girls are not enrolled in a school. They spend their days playing and supporting their mother in household work.
A Syrian girl participating in a computer class at a UNFPA-supported community center in Salinurfa, Turkey.
A group of Syrian girls at a women and girls women center in the Domiz camp. They have been attending different courses supported by UNFPA.
Syrian women participating in a hair-dressing and make-up course in the Domiz camp.
Syrian refugees participating in a class on domestic violence and law in the Kawergosk camp in the Kurdistan region of Iraq.
A Syrian woman sitting in her home in Salinurfa, Turkey. She was approached by social worker and is now participating in a Turkish language course through a UNFPA-supported community center.
A Syrian family lives in unfinished garage in Tripoli, Lebanon.
Syrian women standing in a line to receive needed medication and contraceptive pills from the reproductive health clinic in the UNFPA-supported women safe space in the Za’atari refugee camp in Jordan.
A triple birth in the one of the UNFPA supported health facilities in the southern part of Syria, resourced through a cross-border operation from Jordan.
Baby Rima was the 5,000th baby born in the Za’taari refugee camp in Jordan, and named after Dr. Rima Diab. Dr Diab delivered the child at the UNFPA supported comprehensive girls and women clinic in the camp. In the 3 years the clinic has been operating with UNFPA support, not a single mother has died there.
Mr. Daniel Baker is Regional Humanitarian Coordinator for the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), based in Amman, Jordan with particular responsibilities for response to the Syria crisis. He was assigned as Head of the UNFPA Jordan Country Office in April 2015.
You share, they give: Each time you ‘like’ or share this post via the social media icons on this post, or comment below, Johnson & Johnson will donate $1 (per action) up to $350,000 to [email protected], Girl Up, Peace Corps Let Girls Learn Fund, U.S. Fund for UNICEF and Nothing But Nets.
The Global Moms Relay was created by the United Nations Foundation and Johnson & Johnson with support from BabyCenter, Global Citizen and Fatherly, to help improve the lives of families around the globe. Share this post with the hashtags #GlobalMom and #JNJ, and visit GlobalMomsRelay.org to learn more.
You can also use the Donate A Photo* app and Johnson & Johnson will donate $1 when you upload a photo for Girl Up, U.S. Fund for UNICEF or Nothing But Nets, up to $150,000. You can help make a difference in seconds with the click of your mouse or snap of your smart phone.
* via the Donate A Photo app for iOS and Android. Johnson & Johnson has curated a list of trusted causes, and you can donate a photo to one cause, once a day. Each cause will appear in the app until it reaches its goal, or the donation period ends. If the goal isn’t reached, the cause will still get a minimum donation. | <urn:uuid:c31f9739-5f03-4b47-b73c-782aa7b9ce9d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.fatherly.com/fatherly-forum/families-in-the-syrian-refugee-crisis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00250-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93381 | 925 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Income Tax — Mitigation of abolition of 10% starting rate — rejected — 28 Apr 2008 at 22:00
Jamie Reed MP, Copeland voted with the majority (No).
The abolition of the 10p rate for the lowest earners had been announced in the 2007 budget, along with a surprise 2p cut in the basic rate of income tax to 20p in the pound but there was concern that this would severely effect those on the lowest incomes. (See here for more detail).* Finance Bill Abolition of starting and savings rates and creation of starting rate for savings, 27 March 2008
* Phillip Hammond MP, House of Commons, 28 April 2008
Votes by party, red entries are votes against the majority for that party.
What is Tell? '+1 tell' means that in addition one member of that party was a teller for that division lobby.
What are Boths? An MP can vote both aye and no in the same division. The boths page explains this.
What is Turnout? This is measured against the total membership of the party at the time of the vote.
|Party||Majority (No)||Minority (Aye)||Both||Turnout|
|Con||0||182 (+2 tell)||0||95.8%|
|Lab||306 (+2 tell)||0||1||88.0%|
|David Taylor||North West Leicestershire||Lab (minister)||both| | <urn:uuid:4f38a6d5-b980-4218-8152-9ea8cb8a3661> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.publicwhip.org.uk/division.php?date=2008-04-28&number=156&mpn=Jamie_Reed&mpc=Copeland&house=commons | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00060-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.901413 | 308 | 2.140625 | 2 |
What hasn’t changed much, is that your phone battery is mostly drained by the end of the day, your data limit gets capped before the end of the month, and your 16 GB of storage fills up after only months of using a new phone.
But it’s not always the device at fault, with apps being largely to blame for the constant use of intense graphics, out-of-control notifications, and never-ending background checks that drain the battery.
This is where our latest AVG App Performance & Trends Report comes in – Gathered from over a million anonymous devices worldwide, our statistics show which apps consume the most battery life, storage and data volume. We also provide a good idea about which apps are trending.
What are the top app sinners this month?
Running Out of Space? Facebook & Kindle Could be the Reason. When your phone is running low on storage, the first thing you usually do is delete photos and music, right? Not so fast! It’s also the data within apps that can amount to Gigabytes of hidden storage. According to our telemetry, Facebook, Kindle and the Japanese NTT Docomo Email Client rank among the top storage-eating apps that store more files for offline use than you might think.
Look Who’s Talking Now: KakaoTalk & WhatsApp On the Rise. Facebook, Instagram and Google Play (the store app) are still in the top 10 resource-drainers, but now they’re joined by WhatsApp and KakaoTalk.
Tamagotchi-esque Apps Making a Big Comeback, Draining Your Battery. Supercell, now coming in strong and only behind the literal King of the mobile gaming market, is now securing another spot in the top 10 most resource-hungry apps, with its Clash of Clans.
Download the full Q3 2015 report here.
What can you do to keep your apps under control?
First of all, an app that appears on the top of our lists for storage, data or battery drain doesn’t mean they’re ruining the performance of your phone. It is important to weigh the pros and cons of running a good mix of apps that give you the desired results you want.
Do the self-check: To see what’s consuming all of your smartphone’s battery life, storage or mobile data, we’ve developed App Manager, which is a feature within AVG Cleaner for Android. It quietly observes your phone’s performance and gives you an overview of:
The largest apps on your phone
Apps you haven’t used in a long time
Top mobile data-consuming apps
Top battery-draining apps | <urn:uuid:8f15a598-d7d3-49d7-b601-aff3f7c28527> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.avg.com/en/signal/q3-2015-app-report-out-latest-top-10-draining-apps-identified?ECID=af:cj | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.908453 | 570 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Upon completion of this course, students will have acquired a base of knowledge concerning the literary, historical, and theological characteristics of the Pauline Letters, the Catholic Epistles and the Letter to the Hebrews. They will be capable of correct exegesis of these texts in order to employ them in academic, pastoral and liturgical contexts as well as for personal reading and meditation. This objective will be met by means of the following learning activities: 1. Attendance at all lessons, with your Bible always in hand. 2 Personal reading and analysis of the biblical text. 3. Group work: reading and analysis of passages, discussion of exegetical issues, etc. 4. Expositions by the teacher, with the active participation of the students.
I. Introduction to the Epistles. 1. Introduction. 2. An epistle? II. Saint Paul. 1. Who is Saint Paul? 2. Saint Paul and Christianity. 3. Theology of Saint Paul. III. Epistles of Paul. 1. First Epistle to the Thessalonians. 2. First Epistle to the Corinthians. 3. Second Epistle to the Corinthians. 4. Epistle to the Galatians. 5. Epistle to the Philippians. 6. Epistle to Philemon. 7. Epistle to the Romans. IV. Epistles of the Pauline School. Introduction: 1. Second Epistle to the Thessalonians. 2. Epistle to the Colossians. 3. Epistle to the Ephesians. 4. Epistle to Titus. 5. Second Epistle to Timothy. 6. First Epistle to Timothy V. Epistle to the Hebrews. VI. Catholic Epistles. 1. Epistle of James. 2. Epistles of Peter. 3. Epistles of Judas. Learning Outcomes: The student will be familiar with the figure of Saint Paul, his writings, his posterity and the other early epistles in the Church thus understanding the earliest theological formulations about faith in Jesus, the building up of the Christian community and the bearing of witness to the God who is Father and Creator. This will invigorate the process by which the student becomes a credible preacher and teacher in today’s world and an authentic Christian witness.
The complete Bible, translated in English* SENIOR, DONALD, AND JOHN E. COLLINS (ed.), The CatholicStudy Bible, Translated in English (New York, Oxford University Press 22011). BEKER J. CHRISTIAAN, Paul the Apostle (Philadelphia, Fortress Press1980); CHESTER, ANDREW AND MARTIN, RALPH, The Theology of theLetters of James, Peter and Jude (Cambridge, CambridgeUniversity Press 1994); DONFRIED, KARL AND MARSHALL I. HOWARD, The Theology of theShorter Pauline Letters (Cambridge, Cambridge UniversityPress 1993); DUNN JAMES D.G., The Theology of Paul’s Letter to the Galatians (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 1993); ID., The Theology of Paul the Apostle (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans 2006); FURNISH, VICTOR PAUL, The Theology of the First Letter to the Corinthians (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 1999); HAACKER KLAUS, The Theology of Paul’s Letter to the Romans (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 2003); LINCOLN ANDREW-WEDDERBURN A.J.M., The Theology ofthe Later Pauline Letter (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 1993); LINDARS BARNABAS, The Theology of the Letter to the Hebrew (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 1991); MARROW STANLEY B., Paul, His Letters and His Theology (Mahwah-N.J, Paulist Press 1986); MURPHY O’ CONNOR JEROME, The Theology of the Second Letter to the Corinthians (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 1993); ID., Paul the Letter-Writer: His World, His Options, HisSkills (Collegeville, Liturgical Press 1995); SANDERS E.P., Paul and Palestinian Judaism (London, SCM Press 1977); VANHOYE ALBERT, A Different Priest: The Epistle to the Hebrews, Series Rhetorica Semitica (Miami, Convivium 2011). | <urn:uuid:09fae347-c249-4b8e-af0a-25f199823969> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://unisal.it/corso/RA0202/16-17 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.814745 | 937 | 3.28125 | 3 |
Yankton students take stand against bullying
Webster Elementary students are spreading their anti-bullying message with a music video they created.
Webster started using the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program
in the fall of 2012. The program seeks to create allies who will stand up for those being bullied.
Webster Elementary Principal Melanie Ryken says since the school has implemented Olweus, there has been a significant decline in behavior problems. Students have also reported that adults in the building have intervened more often and with success.
She has heard from parents and other community members, including one parent who has seen girls on his soccer team standing up for others.
As she was supervising at a football game one night, Ryken saw firsthand the program in action. Kids from another school were commenting on a student’s skin color. Without yelling or using strong language, several Webster students simply said to the kids who were bullying, “We noticed what you said. We didn’t like that.” She says the kids who were doing the bullying were shocked.
“Kids can stop bullying,” Ryken says. “We must empower them and give them the right tools.”
Congratulations, Webster Elementary! | <urn:uuid:6d99613d-b289-48eb-9c1a-b19376242371> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://doe.sd.gov/pressroom/educationonline/2014/Mar/art_HotTopic2.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00547-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.982 | 256 | 2.234375 | 2 |
TEACHERS: Jeff Warren and Chaya Ellenbogen
THEME: Body Beautiful
MEDITATION: Exploring How we “Fit”
INTERACTIVE: The Social Fabric
Chaya: This week’s meditation will navigate different ways of becoming grounded. We’ll explore spaciousness within the body, and the strange notion that each of us has a unique way of “fitting” into our different bodies, of both wearing them and being them. And so we settle, into our practice and into ourselves. For Part two, we take this understanding out into the social world, and explore how we hold our bodies in different contexts with different people: a collective social fabric that we make – and remake – from moment to moment and day to day. | <urn:uuid:8d626401-1294-44b9-9877-3bfbd7a9411b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://cecmeditate.com/event/body-beautiful/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.919481 | 161 | 1.75 | 2 |
Everybody Loves Our Town: An Oral History of Grunge Book
Right on time comes a new book, Everybody Loves Our Town: An Oral History of Grunge. Author Mark Yarm gives readers an in depth look into the era that changed rock forever.
Everybody Loves Our Town captures the grunge era in the words of the musicians, producers, managers, record executives, video directors, photographers, journalists, publicists, club owners, roadies, scenesters and hangers-on who lived through it. – Amazon
In it, the book portrays a Kurt Cobain that loved kids with hopes of opening a petting zoo for kids, much like Michael Jackson’s “Neverland.” Also, that Steven Tyler of Aerosmith had reached out to Kurt to help him get clean. I am adding this to my must read list. | <urn:uuid:65be2619-85e9-4ea1-80a3-94d40d16257a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://therockstation99x.com/everybody-loves-our-town-an-oral-history-of-grunge-book/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00566-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927311 | 179 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Presentation on theme: "Introspection and Metacognition: Mechanisms of self-knowledge Stanislas Dehaene Chair of Experimental Cognitive Psychology Lecture Definitions and first."— Presentation transcript:
Introspection and Metacognition: Mechanisms of self-knowledge Stanislas Dehaene Chair of Experimental Cognitive Psychology Lecture Definitions and first paradoxes Course translated from the French version by CG Traduction et Interprétation
Can we conceptualize that we are aware of….. being aware? γν ῶ θι σεαυτόν : Know thyself Inscription in the pronaos of Apollo’s Temple in Delphi “I continually escape and I do not quite understand, when watching myself act, that the person I see acting is the same as the person watching, and who wonders and doubts he can be actor and watcher all at once. André Gide, The Counterfeiters “Being aware of being aware of being… In other words, if I not only know that I am, but also know that I know it, then I belong to the human species. All the rest follows—the glory of thought, poetry, a vision of the universe. In that respect, the gap between ape and man is immeasurably greater than the one between amoeba and ape. Vladimir Nabokov, Strong Opinions What brain architecture allows us to turn our thoughts onto themselves in this way?
Some simple examples Serial strategies –Calculate In what order did you make your calculations? –Have you detected any error? Did you need to go back? –Strategies and action plans are often accessible to our conscious mind whereas elemental operations are not. « Tip-of-the-tongue » experience –How do you call a prodigious being, half-man, half-horse? –We might not remember the answer, while being aware that we know it! Learning monitoring and metamemory –How do you decide to revise before an exam? –Have you already danced with a famous actress?
Some elements of definition Cognition: Set of mental processes involved in (internal or external) information processing. Metacognition: Set of knowledge and beliefs concerning our own (passed, present or future) cognitive processes; processes used to manipulate them. –Metamemory: our knowledge and beliefs on memorization processes and memory retrieval Introspection: (literally: « in-sight ») Ability to consciously access our mental operations and attribute them to ourselves or to someone else. – Knowing we understood a theorem –Estimating we are close to the solution (Meta)cognitive Control: Ability to regulate our own mental processes according to our introspection – Change strategies – Be more careful
Emergence of a theoretical framework Metarepresentation Mental operation or Level 1 representation Level 1 Internal model Introspection or « metacognitive monitoring » Metacognitive control Nelson, T.O. & Narens, L. (1990). Metamemory: A theoretical framework and some new findings. In G.H. Bower (Ed). The Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 26, New York: Academic Press
In 19 th century psychology introspection is central Until the 19 th century, introspection was considered as the central method for studying human mind, a form of direct observation of mental « facts ». Wilhelm Wundt ( , Leipzig): the very purpose of psychology is to study subjective mental experiences, which can only be studied by introspection. Franz Brentano ( ) promoted ‘descriptive psychology’ or ‘phenomenology’ (before Husserl) consisting in the study of internal perceptions, from the « first person » perspective ». Oswald Külpe ( ), Wundt’s student and leader of the Würzburg School, developed methods of verbal description of introspection (for instance, describe what comes to your mind when you read the word « meter ») – but discovered the “imageless thoughts” : the subject is not always able to report relevant percepts. Edward Titchener ( , Cornell), Wundt’s student, claims that introspection is psychology’s only method. Edwin Boring ( , Harvard): « If the subject matter is immediate experience, it is plain that the method is immediate experiencing » (A History of Experimental Psychology, 1929) In France, Théodule Ribot ( ) and Alfred Binet ( ) defend similar viewpoints: « introspection, one may say, is the basis of psychology, it characterizes psychology so precisely that any study by introspection deserves to be called a psychological study, and any study made by another method belongs to another science » (A. Binet, Introduction to experimental psychology, 1894) For Jérôme Sackur, introspection never disappeared from psychology methods.
Comte’s paradox « It is tangible indeed, that by an invincible necessity, human mind can directly observe any phenomenon, except its own. Because who would make the observation? (…) The thinking individual couldn’t divide into two, one reasoning, the other watching the reasoning. The observed organ and the observing organ being identical in this case, how could the observation be made? This so-called psychological method is therefore totally worthless in its very principle. » Auguste Comte, Lecture on Positive Philosophy ( ), Vol. 1, pp « It could have come to Mr. Comte’s mind that it is possible to examine a fact through memory, not at the moment of its perception, but in the following moment: this is actually the method by which, in general, the best of our science concerning our intellectual acts was acquired. We think about what we have done once the act is over, but with the impression still vivid in our memory. This simple fact shoots down Mr. Comte’s entire argument. » John Stuart Mill, Auguste Comte and Positivism (1865), pp
Contemporary disproof of Comte’s paradox Our mental processes are made up of many partially specialized processors, so it can’t be ruled out that some of them might be “observing” others. The prefrontal cortex, in particular, is in a position to receive information from all our other mental processes : « A good way to begin to consider the overall behavior of the cerebral cortex is to imagine that the front of the brain is ‘looking at’ the sensory systems. » Crick & Koch, Nature Neuroscience, 2003 However, Comte’s observation points to two interesting and open questions : - Does the very fact of asking the participant to perform introspection affect the initial processing of the information? - It is probably possible to use Comte’s paradox to demonstrate that perfect and complete introspection is impossible (Data, the android from Star Trek, who is supposed to have a perfect memory and perfect access to the motives of all its decisions).
Behaviorist criticism « Psychology as the behaviorist views it is a purely objective discipline of natural sciences. Its theoretical goal is to predict and control behavior. Introspection is not part of its essential methods, and the scientific value of its data does not depend on whether they can be interpreted in terms of awareness. » John Watson (1913), Psychology as the behaviorist views it Main criticism: subjectivity of observations. « The consequence of the major postulate that something such as consciousness does exist, and that we are able to analyze it through introspection, is that there are as many analysis as there are psychologists. » John Watson (1925), Behaviorism Some answers to Watson : - His criticism mistakes introspection as a method for accessing mental architecture for introspection as a research subject. - Introspection (as well as its limitations) is a perfectly legitimate research subject which leads to empirical results that can be reproduced from one individual to another.
Metacognition and cognitive sciences program John Flavell introduces the study of metamemory (1971), and the distinction between monitoring and regulation (1976). In 1979, he suggests a first theorization for metacognition, which identifies : -metacognitive knowledge (conscious or not, right or wrong) -conscious experiences -goals and tasks -strategies and actions. Influenced by Piaget, he underlines the importance of metacognition in child education (active research strategies and information memorization) : Heated debate and active research on the reliability of introspection : - For Nisbett and Wilson (1977), introspective judgments are very often fictitious. Example: preference for the right hand side when choosing among 4 equivalent objects - For Ericsson and Simon (1980), verbal reporting is appropriate and useful if the reported information is still present in the short term memory
General theory on verbal reporting Ericsson, K. A., & Simon, H. A. (1980). Verbal reports as data. Psychological Review, 87(3), Ericsson and Simon introduced a classification of introspective tasks distinguishing the time of verbalization (immediate or delayed), from the type of verbalization procedure (direct, unclear or no relation). Their review of experimental data suggests that a verbal report is reliable when it is direct and describes the current content of short term memory. Under such circumstances, what subjects say and what they do can be remarkably consistent (for instance, in one card sorting test [Dulany and O’Connell, 1963], 11 answers at variance with verbalization out of = 0.03 %).
Metacognition and cognitive sciences program Major experimental breakthrough in : invention of new experimental measurements for introspection : Metamemory tasks : - judgment of learning: after a learning phase, the individual is asked what his performance will be in the subsequent memory test. -feeling of knowing: immediately after failing to remember an item, the individual is asked to judge prospectively whether he could recognize it among several others. ‘Secondary’ Judgments : - confidence: digital judgment of confidence in a primary answer - wagering: wager on the accuracy of one’s answer - Error-detection As Jérôme Sackur points out, psychophysics itself, on a regular basis, use carefully quantified and replicated introspection (with verbal or non-verbal report). Historically important example: Sperling’s experiment(1960).
Sperling’s iconic memory experiment Sperling, G. (1960). The information available in brief visual presentation. Psychological Monographs, 74, QTAW ZFBD VMIK After being briefly shown an array of letters (50 ms), we are only able to report ~4. Nevertheless, if an auditory cue follows the offset of the display and indicates what row should be reported, we are able to report most characters This ability was found to decay rapidly with the time between the offset of the display and the sounding of the auditory cue. This experiment is important for several reasons: discovery of an iconic memory which decays exponentially; ability to direct attention to a representation stored in memory; last but not least, invention of a partial report method validating and surpassing introspection : « when complex stimuli composed of many alphanumeric characters are displayed with a tachistoscope, subjects enigmatically insist that they saw more than they can remember in retrospect, i.e. report in retrospect »(Sperling, 1960). « Sperling operationalized a form of introspection expressed by verbal reports of dissatisfaction or fleeting impressions. »(Sackur, 2009). Psychophysics substantiates rough introspection, but can also qualify it (see course 2010). QTAW ZFBD VMIK QTAW ZFBD VMIK Number of letters in stimulus number of letters reported whole report cued partial report variation of interval display – cue
Limitations of introspection Level 1 Knowledge: Level 2 Meta-knowledge: Present and accurate Absent or inaccurate Present and accurate Knowing that I know: - reliance on our answers - knowledge of our strategies Not knowing that I know: - subliminal operations - grammar of mother tongue Absent or inaccurate Knowing that I don’t know: - awareness of our errors - awareness of our oversights - judgments of learning Not knowing that I don’t know, or thinking I know: - False memories - Fictitious justifications of our behavior An essential idea is now well-accepted: the introspective ability should be studied for itself, without assuming it is necessarily accurate, but simply as a mental operation the mechanisms and limitations of which remain to be elucidated. Meta-knowledge can be classified according to its degree of accuracy :
Example of mental fiction: The explanation of our choices Johansson, P., Hall, L., Sikstrom, S., & Olsson, A. (2005). Failure to detect mismatches between intention and outcome in a simple decision task. Science, 310(5745), A new phenomenon: choice blindness Phase 1. The participant chooses the most attractive face to him (between face pairs chosen on the basis of their similar attractiveness) Phase 2. The participant receives his card and explains the reasons for his choice. In 20% of tests, cards are covertly manipulated. 74% of manipulations are not noticed, neither immediately or in retrospect. The participant then starts giving “explanations” for a choice he did not make! These explanations are given with the same level of detail, the same confidence and the same emotional tonality.
Johansson, P., Hall, L., Sikstrom, S., & Olsson, A. (2005). Failure to detect mismatches between intention and outcome in a simple decision task. Science, 310(5745), Explanations vary from pure confabulation (a feature present in the outcome but which couldn’t have been used in the choice phase) to accurate introspection (but inappropriate for the outcome presented)
Another example: « unskilled and unaware of it » Kruger, J., & Dunning, D. (1999). Unskilled and unaware of it: how difficulties in recognizing one's own incompetence lead to inflated self-assessments. J Pers Soc Psychol, 77(6), In a range of very different tests (humor evaluation, logical reasoning, grammar…), participants with the poorest performance misjudge their incompetence. Paradoxically, training improves cognitive and metacognitive performances, which helps subjects to recognize their incompetence. Darwin (1871, The Descent of Man): « Ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge »
An attempt to metacognition modeling by neural networks Cleeremans, A., Timmermans, B., & Pasquali, A. (2007). Consciousness and metarepresentation: a computational sketch. Neural Netw, 20(9), higher-order performance first-order performance A first-order network learns to categorize images. A higher-order network observes the states of the first-order network and learns to predict errors. For a transitory period, first-order performances improve while second-order performances deteriorate. This network and its variations (Pasquali and al, Cognition, 2010) can capture part of Persaud et al. data (2007) according to which metacognitive wagering comes behind first-order performance.
Central issues in the field of metacognition Are metacognitive judgments always true? –When do we have authentic introspective access to our mental state? –When do we build mental fictions? –Why are we unaware that these representations are fictitious? What is the format of our self-knowledge? –Is there such a thing as a special register of self-knowledge, or do we use the same processes to encode « one-self as another »? –Is metacognitive knowledge necessarily conscious? What mental and brain architecture underlies metacognitive judgments? –What cues are used for these judgments? –Can metacognitive decision-making be modelled as some sort of perceptive decision, but based on higher level cues? –What are the brain areas concerned? –Is the architecture of metacognition specific to human species? What are the practical implications of these researches? –in particular in the field of education (knowing what I don’t know)
Syllabus Tuesday 4 th, January. Definitions and first paradoxes Tuesday 11 th, January. Is our introspection ability an illusion? Tuesday 18 th, January. Links between awareness and metacognition Tuesday 25 th, January. Links between metacognition and theory of mind Tuesday 1 st, February. Experimental models of introspection in animals. Tuesday 8 th, February. Brain mechanisms
Seminar: Mental fiction psychology and neuropsychology Shedding light on how introspection can be at variance with reality, particularly among patients suffering from brain damage. January 4: Lionel Naccache (Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris) : Interpretations and Beliefs Neuropsychology January 11: Olaf Blanke (Federal Polytechnical School of Lausanne): How the brain computes the self’s point of view January 18: Paul Fletcher (University of Cambridge, UK): Misperceiving and misbelieving: towards an understanding of psychosis January 25: Gilles Fénelon (Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil): hallucinations, illusions and presence sensing during Parkinson’s disease February 1: Henrik Ehrsson (Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm): The construction of an experience of our own body February 8: Predrag Petrovic (Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm): Expectations, beliefs, and the origins of the placebo effect
Some books and journal articles reviewed Books: Dunlosky, J., & Metcalfe, J. (2008). Metacognition. Sage Publications, Inc. Kahneman D, Slovic P, Tversky A (1982) Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases. Cambridge University Press. Vickers, D. (1979). Decision processes in visual perception. London: Academic Press. Wegner, D. M. (2003). The illusion of conscious will. Cambridge: MIT Press. Articles: Ericsson, K. A., & Simon, H. A. (1980). Verbal reports as data. Psychological Review, 87(3), Harvey, N. (1997). Confidence in judgment. Trends Cogn Sci, 1(2), Nelson, T. O. (1996). Consciousness and metacognition. American Psychologist, 51, Nisbett, Richard, & Wilson, Timothy. (1977). Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes. Psychological Review, 84, Sackur, J. (2009), L'Introspection en psychologie expérimentale, Revue d'Histoire des Sciences, 62, 2, 5-28 Smith, J. D., Beran, M. J., Couchman, J. J., & Coutinho, M. V. (2008). The comparative study of metacognition: sharper paradigms, safer inferences. Psychon Bull Rev, 15(4), Smith, J. D. (2009). The study of animal metacognition. Trends Cogn Sci, 13(9), Terrace, H. S., & Son, L. K. (2009). Comparative metacognition. Curr Opin Neurobiol, 19(1), | <urn:uuid:8a0ba514-f59f-41a8-83e9-719805e3cd79> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://slideplayer.com/slide/3881055/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00482-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.881592 | 4,043 | 2.578125 | 3 |
By Victoria Alvarez, a Rotary Youth Exchange student from Argentina to the United States
Most of you have probably heard of Rotary Youth Exchange, and maybe some of you have even been involved with the program. I recently completed my exchange year in the United States, and wanted to share the perspective of someone who has just taken part in one.
I come from Argentina, a little country on the edge of South America that you may have heard of recently because of the World Cup. It is in many ways very different from the United States. In signing up for an exchange to America, I stepped out alone into a culture unlike any I had experienced, in an unfamiliar environment, in a house I did not know, to live with people I did not know. Leaving behind family, friends, and most of what was familiar.
And despite all that, or maybe because of it, this year has opened my eyes and helped me grow as a person far more than any previous year in my life. How many teenagers can say they helped other Rotary members with a Rotary Youth Leadership Awards (RYLA) event, taking part in planning and learning leadership skills alongside other young adults? Or how many teenagers can say they are not from one country but two? That they have learned to appreciate the beauty in simple things? That money can never compare with love? And that hard work can make all the difference and give you more than you could ever ask through the joy that comes from helping others and doing good in the world?
These are some of the valuable things I learned during my exchange. I have learned there’s more than one way to do things, that things are not always black and white. Humans are the same everywhere, we just do thing differently and speak different languages. On the inside, at the heart level, we are all the same.
I can honestly say my exchange assisted me in differentiating right from wrong. But more than that, I can see that different is not always wrong, it is just different.
I built friends over a period of a year, and sometimes even in the course of a single week — friendships that I hope will last a lifetime.
So, I say to you, if you have the opportunity of hosting an exchange student, please do so. You will learn as much as the student you host. And if, through Rotary, you have the opportunity to go on Youth Exchange, go for it. You will never regret it.
During my stay in the U.S., I took part in a trip to the West Coast with other exchange student from all over the world. I am hoping to be able to reunite with some of them during Rotary’s International Convention in São Paulo in 2015.
Finally, I say thank you Rotary, and all who support the Youth Exchange program, for this awesome experience, one that you give to more than 3,000 youth a year. | <urn:uuid:7df0acfc-cf95-4c33-a461-6a70c4876997> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://blog.rotary.org/2014/07/21/alvarez/?like_comment=19847&_wpnonce=9ef2915b26 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721387.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00448-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980317 | 599 | 1.59375 | 2 |
On a research trip last summer, I found a previously unidentified thirteenth-century manuscript in a library in Poznan, Poland, and recognized that it contains the writings of a late twelfth-century monk named Engelhard of Langheim. One of the Latin texts in this manuscript is the saintly biography of a religious woman named Mechtilde of Diessen. The following story, found only in this one Polish manuscript, appears as a postscript:
Saint Mechtilde, as was said earlier, was in the habit of writing. She did so to avoid eating the bread of leisure, and in this especially she believed she greatly pleased her God. She frequently brooded like a mother hen over the writing of missals and psalters because she thought – or rather she hoped – to serve the divine more earnestly in doing this. Her hope did not betray her. For one day, when she still had work remaining, she wished to repair a blunt pen, but she did not succeed. The pen was very troublesome to prepare. She was knowledgeable about cutting quills, but once cut, this quill did not respond when tested. This caused in her not a little disturbance of her spirit. “Oh,” she said, “if God would only send me his messenger, who could prepare this pen for me, for I have rarely suffered this difficulty, and it is now greatly troubling me.” As soon as she said this, a youth appeared. He had a beautiful face, a shining robe, and sweet speech. He said, “What troubles you, O beloved?” And she said, “I spend my time uselessly, I toil for nothing, and I do not know how to prepare my pen.” He said, “Give it to me, and perhaps you will not be hindered anymore by this knowledge when you wish to prepare it.” She gave it to him, and he prepared it in such a way that it remained satisfactory for her until her death: she wrote with it for the many years that she lived. After this miracle, when she spent time writing, no one could write so well, no one so quickly, no one so readily, and no one so correctly, nor could anyone imitate in likeness her hand. The pen’s preparation, as I said, was permanent, but the preparer disappeared and appeared in the work of which he was the maker. I have reported this just as the daughter of the duke of Merania, herself a holy virgin, has testified. She, reading this little work on the life of Mechtilde, asked to add what was missing.
This brief little anecdote tells us a great deal about the literacy of medieval nuns. First, it reminds us that nuns as well as monks copied manuscripts. In recent years, our understanding of medieval literacy has become more nuanced. Scholars have separated the ability to read, to write, and to compose texts into discrete aspects of what we now call “literacy.” We know that many nuns and many aristocratic women could read: noble women in the later middle ages commissioned elaborate prayer books called Books of Hours, mothers were pictured reading to their daughters, and convents sometimes had extensive libraries. We also know women composed texts, but they often did so with the cooperation of male scribes who wrote down what the women dictated. Female scribes, however, are hard to locate. Scribes did not always sign their names to their work, and women may have been particularly reticent to do so. But we are beginning to realize that writing was a form of work for nuns as well as for monks and that, at times, religious men and women even worked together to produce manuscripts. Monks also sent drafts of their compositions to nuns to be copied. As one twelfth-century monk told the abbess of a convent, “having no scribe at my disposal, as you can see by the irregular formation of the letters, I wrote this book with my own hand.” As a result, he asked to have his text “copied legibly and carefully corrected by some of your sisters trained for this kind of work.”
This is a 15th century image of Christine de Pisan (1363 – c. 1430), one of the best known authors of medieval Europe. She is shown writing her own book, but she is using the same tools that Mechtilde would have employed: she has a pen in one hand and a scraper in the other
Mechtilde probably did not copy texts that she herself composed. The story depicts writing as a form of spiritual labor that prevented a dangerous leisure: Mechtilde’s irritation that she wasted her time trying to fix her pen demonstrates her concern for purposeful work. But the content of the books still mattered.
A second interesting element of this story is that Mechtilde associated her careful copying of missals and psalters with serving God, a phrase more frequently used to describe the prayers and rituals that these texts depicted. The Psalms formed the fundamental prayers for monks and nuns; in praying six times a day and once at night, monks and nuns sang the entire psalter every week and repeated some Psalms daily. By copying psalters, Mechtilde could pray while she wrote. Copying missals, however, had a different implication, for the missal was the liturgical book for the mass. Mechtilde could not perform the mass, but the story suggests a parallel between her writing and the actions of a priest. Although Mechtilde asked God to send his messenger to assist her, the young man’s appearance and his reference to Mechtilde as his “beloved” suggest that he was Jesus. Just as a priest, using the prayers and instructions laid out in a missal, transformed the bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ, so Mechtilde, in copying missals with devotion, filled those books with the presence of Jesus: “he appeared in her work of which he was the maker.” As a woman, Mechtilde was unable to serve at the altar, but she had found another way to participate in the performance of the mass.
Finally, the transmission of the story is noteworthy. The author of Mechtilde’s life, the monk Engelhard of Langheim, never met Mechtilde, but he knew members of her family: they were important patrons of his monastery. In the saint’s life, Engelhard had mentioned briefly that Mechtilde was a scribe but he did so only to emphasize her willing obedience to put down her pen immediately when summoned. He learned the story about the pen from Mechtilde’s niece. The niece, a daughter of a duke, was also a nun, and she placed more emphasis on her aunt’s writing. Her memories of her aunt suggest that in the middle ages, as today, family histories were often the preserve of women and that tales were often recounted orally from one generation to the next. The niece’s story, as Engelhard recorded it, gives us a brief glimpse into the family legends of this one aristocratic lineage.
You may also enjoy
Martha G. Newman, A Medieval Vision
For more information on women as scribes and as readers, see
Alison Beach, Women as Scribes: Book Production and Monastic Reform in Twelfth-Century Bavaria (2004)
David N. Bell, What Nuns Read; Books and Libraries in Medieval English Nunneries (1995)
Engelhard of Langheim, “De eo quod angelus ei pennan temperavit.” Posnan, Biblioteka Raczynskich. Rkp156, 117r-v.
“A Dialogue between a Cluniac and a Cistercian” in Cistercians and Cluniacs: The Case for Cîteaux, trans. Jeremiah F. O’Sullivan (Kalamazoo: Cistercian Publications, 1977), p. 22.
Photo Credit: Christine de Pisan, Wikimedia Commons | <urn:uuid:59eb6d2b-2bbc-4d1f-9d01-250715155b86> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://notevenpast.org/medieval-nun-writing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.982469 | 1,698 | 2.296875 | 2 |
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If Osama bin Laden had surrendered to the Navy SEALs, President Obama was prepared to put the al Qaeda leader on trial in a federal court, the president told journalist Mark Bowden in a November story in VANITY FAIR based on an adaptation from Bowden’s pending book THE FINISH.
“We worked through the legal and political issues that would have been involved, and Congress and the desire to send him to Guantánamo, and to not try him, and Article III ,” the president told Bowden. “I mean, we had worked through a whole bunch of those scenarios. But, frankly, my belief was, if we had captured him, that I would be in a pretty strong position, politically, here, to argue that displaying due process and rule of law would be our best weapon against al-Qaeda, in preventing him from appearing as a mart
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With four major military bases as part of Joint Base San Antonio, Bexar County is home to one of the largest active and retired military populations in the nation. To the people who care for wounded, ill, and injured military members and veterans, the daily role of caregiver can prove a heavy burden.
The estimated 5.5 million people nationwide who care for injured and returning military veterans in the United States can end up feeling overwhelmed physically, emotionally, and financially. A national report by the RAND Corporation indicates that the prevalence of depression among military caregivers may be up to four times higher than the U.S. adult population.
They are “the hidden heroes,” said Dr. Dawn Velligan, professor of psychiatry in UT Health San Antonio’s Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine.
To address the mental health needs of military caregivers, UT Health San Antonio and its Military Health Institute plan to conduct a 12-week pilot program to provide telehealth counseling for caregivers in 50 military families.
Through a grant from USAA, participants will use computer and smartphone technology, allowing them to interact face-to-face with licensed therapists without having to leave their homes or pay for counseling services. The pilot program began evaluating participating military caregivers on July 1.
“They are providing so much care and are helping the country so much,” said Velligan, the pilot program’s principal investigator. “Many of them are isolated, don’t want to burden their friends. They really have no one to talk to about their circumstances [or] the wide range of emotion they feel [while] taking care of these people.”
A report by the nonprofit group Mental Health America stated there is only one mental health provider for every 566 people in the U.S. In Texas, access is even worse – one mental health provider for every 1,100 individuals.
Access to mental health treatment for those who need it is already a complicated endeavor: The caregiver may also be responsible for children or aging parents, and may also work outside of the home, which makes finding time for treatment and counseling seem almost impossible. That coupled with lack of access to care may create insurmountable obstacles for many caregivers in seeking mental health treatment.
Offering the therapy free of charge and as an online or telephone video visit, where participants are able to access services while driving in their car or at home, eliminates some of the barriers to getting help.
Velligan said that use of online communication tools will not be an unfamiliar means of interaction for service members and their families, as they “are used to having [online video] conversations during deployments and conversing long distance. They feel comfortable with those platforms.”
During the pilot program, military caregivers will participate in evidence-based therapies that meet their specific needs.
The project seeks to demonstrate that counseling conducted electronically is an effective treatment method for military caregivers. Due to state licensure constraints, the program currently is offered only to Texas residents. Once its effectiveness has been demonstrated, the goal is to expand it nationally. | <urn:uuid:25e514ba-25a0-4c6c-a7d3-1b5632619331> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sanantonioreport.org/pilot-program-offers-counseling-to-hidden-heroes-caring-for-military-members/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.956563 | 638 | 2.171875 | 2 |
What do women living in Washington, DC, Nigeria, and Rwanda have in common? They are living in places that have an HIV/AIDS rate of 3 percent.
As the 19th International AIDS Conference closes in Washington, DC, we’re reminded of how much African-American women, especially those living in urban areas, have in common with African women regarding contracting HIV. As the Huffington Post, BET, the Root, and major news networks have reported, AIDS is the number one killer of African-American women between the ages of 25 – 34, which is also the case in some African countries. While AIDS has become a feminine disease in sub-Saharan Africa and remains a masculine one in the States, Black women, regardless if they’re African or American, contract HIV from their partners unknowingly.
The conference follows Johns Hopkins’ March 2012 announcement that HIV rates for US Black urban women are five times higher than previously believed. Ladies, the HIV hot spots for us are Washington, DC, New York City, Raleigh-Durham, Baltimore and Newark. Stay protected.
But, there are bright spots. The epidemic continues to decline. Also, our teens in the US are getting the safe sex message, as they are in certain African countries such as Uganda. So, there are places where the young aren’t taking as many sexual risks as they used to.
Also, earlier this summer, SuzyKnew pointed out that we now have new products to help us protect our sexual health like the new in-home version of OraQuick® allowing you to quickly take an HIV test in the privacy of your own home and the anti-retroviral Truvada® that the FDA just approved for preventive use, by taking daily. So, if you suspect your man may be seeing men – and he refuses to use a condom or take an HIV test – you can still protect yourself from HIV. (That is while you work on getting a new man…smile)
Stay healthy and sexy. Let’s see what the 20th AIDS Conference brings. | <urn:uuid:365b5f79-3fca-4452-93fc-6ec4d8d31fba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://suzyknew.com/tag/nigeria/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.949692 | 429 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Reluctant Theologians: Franz Kafka, Paul Celan, Edmond Jabes focuses on the problematic faith in the works of Kafka, Celan, and Jabes. Using their literature to reevaluate the notions of God and covenant in light of Nietzsche's "death of God" hypothesis. Kafka anticipates, while Celan and Jabes directly confront, the question whether the covenant can be sustained in the face of God's slience. Kafka, Celan and Jabes respond affirmatively, but with great ambivalence, to this question. Although Nietzsche's contention that "God is dead" has been duly recognized as a foundational moment of "Modernity," the specific implications of this "death" for Judaism have not yet been widely explored, particularly in the context of literary studies. If "death" is to be understood as the death of a personal and, therefore, speaking God, then such a contention is devastating for a belief system that posits dialogue as the cornerstone of the divine - human relation. And, indeed, the covenant is primarily a dialogical relation.In Reluctant Theologians Beth Hawkins maintains that Kafka, Celan, and Jabes offer their work as a testament of sorts, as three unique instances of Kiddush Ha-Shem (sanctification of the divine name), to a divine source that persists at the same time as it is being continuously reconstituted in the moment of writing. Kafka, Celan, and Jabes are treated as reluctant theologians; despite and because they recognize the legitimacy of Nietzsche's claims, despite and because all metaphysical claims have become questionable for them, these three authors continue to promote the dialogical relation as the type of relation most conducive to ethical behavior. The strategy is as similar as it is paradoxical for the three writers; each is assigned a precarious task: to promote the illusion of a listening Other at the same time as he challenges his readers to adopt an ethics of the void, an ethics that places responsibility and accountability squarely on the shoulders of humanity. At the center of the argument is the spirit of a Kafkan aphorism, in which he reduces belief to being.Driving all three of these projects are two assumptions: that (1) belief is necessary for authenticity and truly ethical behavior, and (2) that naive and/or rigid systems of belief are inadequate and, indeed, hostile to life. The attempt to locate a viable system of belief, one that remains aware of its own illusory nature as it continues to problematize and promote the relation of self and Other, acquires an urgency in the work of these three authors. This particular focus for comparison among Kafka, Celan, and Jabes has not previously been pursued. Here the theological possibilities of Judaism as "modern" slides into "postmodern" are applied to the works of three important twentieth-century Jewish writers, suggesting that these three writers can be attached to the newly emerging discipline of Postmodern Jewish Philosophy. What connects Kafka, Celan, and Jabes to this discipline is their shared belief - tempered for each by a sense of ambivalence concerning notions of "chosenness" and a constant tension between the particular and the general - that a specifically Jewish ethic can serve as a model for a universal ethic.
Reluctant Theologians by etc.; Beth Hawkins; Franx Kafka was published by Fordham University Press in January 2002. The ISBN for Reluctant Theologians is 9780823222018. | <urn:uuid:a859b64b-076a-4db1-a8ce-ae40881760ff> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.eden.co.uk/shop/reluctant-theologians-1227323.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00123-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949583 | 708 | 1.796875 | 2 |
User Defined 3D Patterns Are Not Used During Planning For 3D Load Configuration
(Doc ID 2141401.1)
Last updated on MAY 06, 2022
Applies to:Oracle Transportation Management - Version 6.3.4 to 6.3.7 [Release 6.3]
Information in this document applies to any platform.
A user pattern is defined for a load configuration of a ship unit. The respective ship unit is contained in an order that is planned onto a shipment. The resulting shipment load configuration does not reflect the user pattern defined.
It is expected that the resulting shipment be planned using the user defined load configuration 3D pattern.
The issue can be reproduced with the following steps:
1. Create an order release containing several ship units each using a transport handling unit.
2. Navigate to Operations Planning -> Power Data -> Load Configuration -> Load Configuration 3D Pattern
3. Define the load configuration pattern for the transport handling unit from step (1) as needed.
4. Save the load configuration pattern.
5. Plan the order release to create a shipment.
6. From the shipment created select Actions -> Operational Planning -> View -> Load Configuration
7. The resulting load configuration graph does not match the load configuration pattern defined in step (3).
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A cohort study was undertaken to determine the source of an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness affecting a number of military personnel at ITC, Brecon during the period 19-30 March 2004. Of 105 soldiers on a field training exercise over the period 15-19 March 2004, 36 subsequently developed symptoms. Nine patients had Campylobacter sp identified in their stool. Water was provided from a single source. This water was used for washing, shaving, drinking and the preparation of rations. Although not statistically significant, epidemiological investigation suggests that the water may have been the vehicle of infection.
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If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Center’s RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways. | <urn:uuid:fe459020-e52a-4e64-9ac4-5fd083444ca6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://militaryhealth.bmj.com/content/150/3/175 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.941883 | 188 | 2.125 | 2 |
Donate to cancer research, cure and prevention by purchasing daffodils and related gifts through The American Cancer Society. Daffodils are The ACS’s symbol of hope, the first flower of the spring to bloom. You can also order pretty floral arrangements through Teleflora, and 20 percent will go to The American Cancer Society.
This post is dedicated to ER and the many women and men who are dealing with, surviving and conquering breast cancer. This post is also in memory of my friend’s mother who has passed on. She chose not to address her symptoms or to fight. It’s an option we all have, and it is just as valid as any other. Just be conscious of your choices and wise about your actions.
Here are some resources for information, fundraising, and support:
- The Susan G. Komen Foundation For a Cure
the world’s largest and most progressive grassroots network of breast cancer survivors and activists.
- Amy Hughes is walking in this year’s Breast Cancer 3-Day. Please sponsor her and help cure cancer. Know of someone else, including yourself if you want, who is also raising money for cancer research and cure? Put a link in a comment to this post. Want to get involved? Register at www.the3day.org or call 800-996-3DAY to walk the Breast Cancer 3-Day in a city near you.
Medical information about breast cancer grounded in a holistic approach.
Metaphysically-speaking, illnesses can be a great opportunity:
- to shake out of our lives that which no longer works
- to examine our priorities
- to put at the forefront that which is most important to us
- to let people know we love them, including ourselves
- to mend rifts
- to cut ties
- to not put up with anything that drains or drags down our spirit
- to give our selves permission to be our real selves
- to draw in that which brings us joy and exuberance
- to make new friends who embody our values and buoy our spirits
Remember, many lumps are normal healthy breast tissue! If you find one or some, think healthy and positive and give your doctor a call.
Complementary medicine offers us Reiki, a form of energy healing, which has been proven to help heal, reduce pain, improve surgical outcome, reduce healing time post-surgery, and helps to reduce stress and improve energy.
And a little humor to top things off 😉 courtesy of Save The Ta Tas.com:
- save the ta tas!
- I support ta tas
- caught you looking at my ta tas
- ta tas unite! | <urn:uuid:e260f227-0895-45a2-b0e6-081f3f1287f5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.peacockandpaisley.com/daffodil-days-are-on/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.943318 | 569 | 1.78125 | 2 |
E-WASTE World Conference & Expo is a two-day international conference and exhibition dedicated to discussing different topics from the latest recycling technology to regulatory and business models. It will be organized Frankfurt on 14/15 November 2019.
The event’s purpose is reducing the environmental impact of all forms of consumer and industrial Electronic Waste, so called E-Waste.
The program is full of speech of more than 80 globally renowned experts and establish 3 conference tracks:
- E-Waste Challenges & Opportunities
- Green & Sustainable Electronics
- Electric Vehicles & Battery Recycling
ERP Italia, as part of Landbell Group, will be present with Sabrina Zanin, key account manager, dealing with some of the major electronics manufacturers worldwide and supporting them to find solutions to handle their e-waste obligations.
Sabrina’s speech is about the “European WEEE Open Scope”.
The so-called Open Scope, which WEEE Directive 2012/19/EU required member states to transpose by 15 August 2018, recently celebrated its first anniversary. The new way of defining and categorizing electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) brought new challenges for national authorities and producers. All EU member states are using the new definition of EEE although some apply different categories and enforcement dates. In practical terms, Open Scope brought more companies and products under the scope of the Directive and authorities needed to adjust their national registers.
Sabrina will provide an overview of national transpositions and observed practical challenges. | <urn:uuid:4df2d868-df39-46b5-9a6c-d510a9a861d1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://erp-recycling.org/en-it/news-and-events/2019/10/e-waste-world-conference-and-expo/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.91306 | 325 | 1.921875 | 2 |
The positive integers (whole numbers) 1, 2, 3, etc., and sometimes zero as well.
- ‘For what they thought they had done was establish a deep result about how the primes are distributed among the natural numbers.’
- ‘In 1889 Peano published his famous axioms, called Peano axioms, which defined the natural numbers in terms of sets.’
- ‘In particular he showed that if any countable set has an arithmetic where the elements have unique decompositions into primes, then it is isomorphic to the arithmetic of the natural numbers.’
- ‘Cantor proves that the algebraic real numbers are in one-one correspondence with the natural numbers in the following way.’
- ‘This means that the natural numbers, the integers, and the even integers all have the ‘same number’ of elements.’
- ‘In contrast, Fermat had managed to show that you couldn't find natural numbers with a + b = c, using a method he called steepest descent.’
We take a look at several popular, though confusing, punctuation marks. | <urn:uuid:b213ebfa-eb4f-41d9-a401-e3916a575971> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/natural_numbers | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00116-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95118 | 247 | 3.6875 | 4 |
Skip to comments.Grannies gave evolutionary boost
Posted on 07/11/2004 1:24:20 PM PDT by beavus
Researchers at the Universities of Michigan and California looked at the ratio of older and younger adult teeth found at sites up to 100,000 years old.
Finding more older teeth in the Upper Palaeolithic suggests the grandparent role - being on hand to help out more - became more common at that time.
The research is in the Proceedings of the US National Academy of Sciences.
After studying more than 750 fossilised teeth anthropologists Rachel Caspari and Sang-Hee Lee noticed they were finding more specimens from older adults in more recent sites.
Modern humans were older and wiser
Dr Rachel Caspari, University of Michigan They defined "old" to be at least double the age of reproductive maturation, which is also the time when the third molars erupt.
By calculating the age of old-to-young individuals in the samples from successive time periods, the researchers found that the number of old people surviving quadrupled about 30,000 years ago.
The scientists say the presence of grandparents confers an important evolutionary advantage.
Grannie knows best
"We believe this trend contributed importantly to population expansions and cultural innovations that are associated with modernity," the researchers say.
It is also thought that living longer strengthened social relationships and kinship bonds, as grandparents educated extended families.
"Significant longevity came late in human evolution and its advantages must have compensated somehow for the disabilities and diseases of older age," say the authors.
"There has been a lot of speculation about what gave modern humans their evolutionary advantage," says Dr Caspari. "This research provides a simple explanation for which there is now concrete evidence: modern humans were older and wiser."
Seriously though, it makes you wonder what happened 30,000 years ago to enable people to live longer. Some new hunting technique? Emergence of a new immunity? Very interesting.
notice the "sexual" overtones of "grannie" knows best.
Have you noticed the total lack on television ads & shows of any non-servile males figures? That is if you see one at all. All mentions of professionals or persons of authority that are not shown are always "she" or "her"?
I am not saying that the opposite was any better, but all this is doing is driving the rift even wider apart.
But of course, that is the planned results. Divide & Conquer!
Well now, being a grandparent, I like this one at lot!!!
The reason anthropologists focus on "granny" rather than "grandpa" is because of the menopause. (Men basically keep on going till they keel over.) There seems to be no apparent reason for it - except that there's an evolutionary advantage, apparently, to having women around who *aren't having children anymore.* Not having babies of their own to care for means they can spend time with their grandchildren (and probably great-grandchildren, given the short generation spans of the past.)
Termite? Please show this to your Nana.
Makes sense. Grandparents would serve as teachers, imparting the knowledge of their years onto the children.
But if 70-100 years gives some evolutionary advantage, shouldn't 200-300 years give a whole bunch? Now there's what I'm talkin about baby, yeah! Bring on the fountain of ever lovin' youth, Momma Nature! I need this evolutionary spike in say the next 10-15 years, so let's all focus on it now. Come on team! Let's show Darwin what this stuff is all about! Let's kick some natural selection a$$, yeah!!
My theory is more fun! :>)
Presence of teeth = "Important Evolutionary Advantage"
Somewhere in here there is a joke about West Virginians......
I did and she said that the young "whipper snappers" have a thing or two to learn from the older generation.
Love you Auntie N....
And I love you too, little one. Give your Nana a hug and a wet sloppy kiss from me....no. Leave that kiss thing out. :-)
Hey , what is this , a grandkid posting?
How did you get them trained, I need some pointers.
I just noticed, he is supposed to be watching the Monitor!!!
Excuse me. This is Logan. Logan can type WITHOUT watching the monitor.
Really Ernest. Think about it.
Logan looks bright!
And that he IS!!!!
I am not biased in any way shape or form. It HAS BEEN scientifically proven that Logan is smarter, brighter, cuter, more cuddly, wonderfuller....
...think I'm leaving now. HAHAHAHAAAAAAAA
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works. | <urn:uuid:f7271459-76e0-45a1-8213-7de6ff696f37> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1169352/posts | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719027.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00303-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949115 | 1,045 | 3.015625 | 3 |
The use of ATMs for deposit transactions can save banks - which handle most deposits through tellers - money. So, financial institutions are exploring new ways to bring customers to ATMs.
The challenge is more acute because smaller regional banks are seeing a decline in ATM use for deposits, although larger banks are not experiencing the same drop-off. According to Alenka Grealish, manager, banking group, for Boston-based Celent Communications, customers avoid making deposits at ATMs because they believe the machines do not provide enough security in the transaction. The consumer perception that it is easier to stand at a teller line and deposit a check is another factor in the decline in ATM usage, Grealish says.
Reversing the Trend
But banks can reverse the trend, she adds, by making deposits at ATMs more appealing to customers. Features such as an image of the deposited check or a receipt for a cash deposit can entice customers to use the machines as something other than cash dispensers, explains Grealish.
"Overall, the smart banks - the ones that are really thinking about lowering costs - are trying to make the ATM more attractive for deposit-taking," she says. "Most consumers can be swayed to use the ATM, particularly if there is an envelope-less deposit, or if they get a copy of their deposit at the bank - it kind of gives them something tangible."
First Tennessee Bank (Memphis, $25 billion in assets) hopes Grealish is right. It recently installed Diebold's (North Canton, Ohio) Opteva ATMs equipped with Alogent's (Alpharetta, Ga.) ImageWay software, which allows ATMs to capture check images and transaction data and automatically process and route the envelope-less transactions through the bank's item processing system. The bank will pilot the ImageWay platform later this year.
According to Pat Smith, First Tennessee's manager of electronic banking, ImageWay's check imaging capabilities were the driving factor in the bank's adoption of the solution. "One advantage of check imaging is that it offers opportunities to overcome geographic and transportation limitations because it is no longer necessary to ship paper," says Smith. "Check imaging technology will allow new customer touch-points in locations more convenient for customers. This can reduce the cost of taking deposits as well as provide convenient banking to new and existing customers."
Though the bank has not yet seen a decline in ATM deposits, First National sees the implementation as necessary to prepare for an environment dominated by electronic transactions, says Smith. "We have not seen a major change in ATM deposit activity, but it is logical to expect a decrease in the number of paper checks as customer acceptance of direct deposit and electronic transactions increases," she says. "Customers will always need a convenient way to deposit that occasional check they receive even when most of their transactions are electronic." | <urn:uuid:3ad7b1ce-22a3-4ac0-9f5f-a13569087343> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.banktech.com/channels/check-imaging-at-atms-attracts-users-/d/d-id/1289851 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00438-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942742 | 584 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Process logs are important data sources. IT professionals can analyze the logs in QRadar to detect, hunt and trace threats, and to check if the malware spread throughout the network.
An example of a process log looks like this: “A new process has been created, Process Name: notepad.exe, process ID: 123, ….”
Traditional process logs provided by Microsoft Windows are not enough. The analysis below is based on process logs generated by Microsoft Sysmon, an advanced background monitor that records process-related activity.
Example One: Checking the Process Hash
When we have the hash of the process (e.g., MD5, SH1, etc.), we can check if the process is known to be malware. Online platforms such as VirusTotal enable analysts to search for malware by hash.
Below is an example of a process-created event:
By checking the process hash in VirusTotal, we can see that it’s a malicious process, since the detection ratio is 45/56. You can trace the malicious process by checking its parent process, as well as the user who created and ran it. With a security information and event management (SIEM) solution, you can then search for any endpoint that had a process with that hash to see if the same malware appears in another endpoint. For example:
Example Two: Network Connection Logs
It’s important to know the process that initiated the network connection. If we look for any outbound connections to a suspicious destination IP, for example, we can check the process that initiated that connection. This is the art of tracing.
If you don’t have the process logs, however, you will not see the process ID. SIEM solutions usually check outbound connections using firewall events. Some processes, such as Explorer.exe, should not create any connections. You can create a search to look for any network connections where the process image is Explorer.exe. Fraudsters often try to inject malicious code into legitimate processes like this.
Example Three: Process Sequence
We can detect malicious files by analyzing their behavior, not by signature matching, also based on log files. For example, we can search for Metasploit Windows Command Shell payload or shellcode, such as windows/shell/reverse_tcp.
If the above malicious file (openMe.exe) is opened at an endpoint, we will see the following events:
So we see a sequence of events as a new process, openMe.exe, is created, followed by its child process, cmd.exe. Then the parent process establishes a network connection. You can write a sequence rule in QRadar to detect that pattern. You can also add restrictions to the rule.
Example Four: Process Injection, Malware Style
A process can create a thread in another process. This is a well-known technique that cybercriminals use to inject and hide their malicious code. Once that happens, you will no longer see the malicious process in the standard Windows task manager.
Using a Meterpreter session, I can migrate to another process. For example:
If that happens, we will see the following event:
Benefits of Analyzing Process Logs
Thorough analysis of process logs can enable IT professionals to:
- Check the process image entropy to determine whether a process is encrypted or compressed.
- Profile endpoint process profiling for one week. After than, an alarm will sound if the system detects an unknown process. You can also accomplish this in QRadar by using reference data.
- Verify the process image or search for any process-created event where the image is not verified or signed.
This is a really powerful log source to trace and track what’s going on at the endpoint. It also enables security teams to detect malware by analyzing the process event sequence, which can be invaluable for an organization. | <urn:uuid:62822dac-55b8-40dd-81ba-c33c33c65ba5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://securityintelligence.com/detect-endpoint-threats-by-analyzing-process-logs-in-qradar/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.912939 | 800 | 2.875 | 3 |
Patient education: In vitro fertilization (IVF) (Beyond the Basics)
- Richard Paulson, MD
Richard Paulson, MD
- Professor and Vice-Chair, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology
- Chief, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility
- University of Southern California
- Keck School of Medicine
IN VITRO FERTILIZATION OVERVIEW
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a treatment for infertility in which a woman's eggs (oocytes) are fertilized by sperm in a laboratory dish. One or more of the fertilized eggs (embryos) are then transferred into the woman's uterus, where it is hoped they will implant and produce a pregnancy.
This topic will discuss the reasons IVF might be recommended, the medications used to prepare for IVF, and the outcomes of treatment. Other topics that discuss infertility are available separately:
●Diagnosis and evaluation of infertility (see "Patient education: Evaluation of the infertile couple (Beyond the Basics)")
●Treatment of infertility (see "Patient education: Treatment of male infertility (Beyond the Basics)" and "Patient education: Ovulation induction with clomiphene (Beyond the Basics)" and "Patient education: Infertility treatment with gonadotropins (Beyond the Basics)").
WHO SHOULD CONSIDER IN VITRO FERTILIZATION?
IVF is usually considered by couples who have:
●Absent or blocked fallopian tubes.
●Severe male factor infertility (sperm counts or sperm motility is low, or sperm needs to be extracted surgically from the testicles).
●Advanced reproductive age, as time to conception is critical and pregnancy rates with other therapies are low.
●All other causes of infertility, after failing treatment with other therapies (eg, endometriosis, ovulation disorders, unexplained infertility).
●An inherited genetic disease that they wish to avoid passing on to their child – In this case, IVF is combined with preimplantation genetic diagnosis. This means that the embryos (or in some cases, just the eggs) are tested for the disease, and only those without the disease are transferred to the uterus.
●Ovarian failure, although donor eggs would be required in this case.
Although IVF has a high rate of success in helping couples to become pregnant, it has some disadvantages as well, including high costs, potential risks from fertility medications and invasive procedures used, as well as an increased rate of multiple gestation (ie, twins or triplets). There may also be an increased risk of some pregnancy complications, such as preterm birth. Ectopic pregnancies can occur after IVF, although the risk is much lower than with other fertility therapies.
Women who are considering IVF should discuss the risks, benefits, and alternatives with their healthcare provider and partner before treatment begins. In most cases, several cycles of a less expensive and less invasive infertility treatment are recommended before considering IVF.
IN VITRO FERTILIZATION PROCEDURE
The IVF procedure consists of several steps that take place over a period of weeks:
●Education of the couple about the complex steps involved in IVF, its risks and benefits, and techniques for giving injections at home
●Stimulation of the ovaries to produce several eggs
●Retrieval of the eggs from the ovaries and obtaining a semen sample
●Fertilization of the eggs with sperm and growth of the embryos in the laboratory
●Transfer of one or more embryos into the uterus
More than one cycle of IVF treatment is often necessary before pregnancy occurs. Unfortunately, some women will not become pregnant despite multiple IVF attempts.
Ovarian stimulation — The first step of the IVF procedure involves the use of fertility medications to increase the number of eggs (follicles) that develop in the ovaries and control the time of ovulation . The stimulation regimen is selected based upon the woman's diagnosis and the physician's preferences. It is possible to perform IVF without ovarian stimulation. This is known as “natural cycle IVF” or “unstimulated IVF;” usually only one egg is retrieved. However, the vast majority of IVF cycles worldwide are performed with some type of ovarian stimulation.
The ovarian stimulation regimen described below is an example and may differ from that recommended by your doctor.
●Many clinicians will prescribe a birth control pill for the woman to take for one or more weeks before beginning IVF. The pill helps to prevent the woman's body from releasing hormones that could stimulate natural ovulation.
●The woman will start giving herself injections of a medication (a GnRH agonist) that helps to prevent the body from releasing hormones that could stimulate ovulation or allow premature ovulation. This medication is called leuprolide acetate or Lupron, and is started approximately one week after starting the birth control pill. The injection can be given under the skin in most cases and is not painful.
●Most programs ask that you call on the first or second day of menstrual bleeding to schedule an appointment for blood tests and an ultrasound. The first day of menstrual bleeding is considered day one of the cycle.
●On day three to five, you may be asked to have a pelvic ultrasound to evaluate your ovaries and blood testing to measure hormone levels. If these tests are OK, you will be given a date to start giving yourself injections with FSH to stimulate the growth of egg follicles.
In most cases, you will give yourself an injection of FSH once per day, generally in the evening. The injection can usually be given under the skin, rather than deep into the muscle.
●After a few days of injections, you will be asked to have a pelvic ultrasound to measure follicle growth and a blood test to measure hormone levels. Depending upon the results of these tests, the dose of FSH may be increased or decreased. Blood testing and pelvic ultrasound may be repeated several times during a cycle.
●In some cases, a class of medication called a GnRH antagonist such as cetrorelix (brand name: Cetrotide) or ganirelix (brand name: Antagon) will be recommended instead of the GnRH agonist. In this case, stimulation with FSH is started immediately after stopping the birth control pill and the antagonist is added once the follicles have reached a certain size (often around 14 mm). This medication helps to prevent premature ovulation .
●The goal of stimulation is to have at least two follicles that are approximately 15 to 18 mm in size. The number of follicles that develops depends on the ovaries and hormone levels of the individual patient. In most cases, more than 2 follicles develop; in some cases, more than 20 may develop. When blood testing and ultrasound measurements show that the follicles are "ready", you will be instructed to give an injection of hCG to trigger ovulation. hCG stands for human chorionic gonadotropin, with brand names including Ovidrel, Pregnyl, and Novarel. hCG is usually injected under the skin at a particular time in the evening. This allows the follicles to be ready for egg retrieval during a window of time, approximately 36 hours later. In some cases, a GnRH agonist (like leuprolide [brand name: Lupron]) may be used for the ovulation trigger.
Side effects of treatment — FSH injections do not cause side effects directly. However, the ovaries become enlarged during treatment, which can cause abdominal swelling and discomfort, and in more severe cases, nausea or even vomiting.
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a condition in which the side effects of ovarian enlargement and abdominal swelling become extreme. The woman may develop severe abdominal pain, vomiting, and if untreated, blood clots in the legs or lungs and fluid imbalances in the blood. Mild forms of OHSS occur in 2 to 6 percent of women undergoing ovulation induction for IVF. Severe cases of OHSS occur in approximately 1 percent of cases, typically in association with the retrieval of more than 20 eggs.
The risk of OHSS can be reduced by canceling the IVF cycle when blood estrogen levels become too high or there are too many follicles seen on ultrasound. The IVF cycle may be cancelled before hCG is given or after the oocyte retrieval. Using a GnRH agonist instead of hCG to trigger ovulation may decrease the risk of OHSS and may be recommended in some women. If the cycle is cancelled after oocytes are retrieved, they are often fertilized and cryopreserved for use in a subsequent cycle. Because symptoms of OHSS peak approximately three to five days after egg retrieval, the decision to freeze all embryos may be delayed until this time. (See 'Storing unused embryos' below.)
Egg retrieval — Approximately 32 to 36 hours after injecting hCG, a procedure is performed to retrieve the eggs. The physician inserts an ultrasound probe into the vagina and then uses a needle to withdraw the egg from each follicle. The procedure takes approximately 15 to 30 minutes, depending upon how many follicles are present. This is generally done while the woman is sedated.
Serious complications of oocyte retrieval are uncommon, but side effects such as pelvic cramping, light bleeding, and vaginal discharge often occur. If these problems are persistent or become severe, it is important to call a healthcare provider as soon as possible. Abdominal swelling and discomfort may also be signs of early ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), so close contact with the healthcare provider(s) is a good idea.
After the retrieval, the patient will be monitored in a recovery area for a few hours and then allowed to go home. Due to the effects of the anesthesia, the patient should not drive or return to work for approximately 24 hours.
Fertilization — After the retrieval procedure, the eggs are combined with sperm in a laboratory dish so they will fertilize. In general, approximately 50 percent of oocytes become fertilized.
In cases of severe male factor infertility, fertilization is achieved by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). ICSI is an option for all men with severe male factor infertility, regardless of their sperm count. Only mature oocytes can be injected. Fertilization rates with ICSI range from 50 to 70 percent .
Embryo transfer — Approximately two to five days after the retrieval, one or more eggs that have been fertilized (embryos) are placed in the woman's uterus using a thin, flexible catheter inserted through the cervix. Most commonly, embryo transfer is performed on day 3 after egg retrieval. The catheter is inserted as gently as possible to minimize uterine cramping; traumatic transfer procedures are associated with lower success rates. Anesthesia is not usually needed for this procedure.
Following the transfer procedure, the woman is generally encouraged to rest at home for several hours. Although studies do not show that rest increases the chance of pregnancy, many women prefer not to resume their normal activities immediately.
Most clinicians will prescribe a progesterone medication to improve the chances that the embryo will implant inside the uterus. This medication is started either on the day of retrieval or the day of transfer. There are several ways to administer progesterone, with the most common being a vaginal gel or suppository, or an injection given into a muscle.
How many embryos to transfer? — The number of embryos transferred depends upon the woman or couple's preferences, the previous history of pregnancy and miscarriage, the woman's age, and the quality of the embryos. Younger women (under age 35) in their first cycle of IVF are often encouraged to have only one or two embryos transferred. If multiple attempts of IVF are not successful in achieving pregnancy, a physician may recommend transferring more than one or two embryos to increase the chances of pregnancy. However, this may also increase the risk of multiple gestation (twins, triplets).
The rate of implantation is lower among women over age 40 years; as a result, more embryos (eg, up to five) are often transferred in these women. However, older women who are receiving eggs from younger donors (eg, donor eggs) have a rate of implantation similar to that of younger women, and are generally advised to transfer no more than one or two embryos (table 1).
Storing unused embryos — Embryos that are not transferred may be stored by freezing them (called cryopreservation). Because some embryos do not survive the thawing process, the chances of a successful pregnancy using frozen embryos is usually lower than that when using fresh embryos.
The embryos may be cryopreserved for an unlimited period of time. However, most couples are encouraged to choose one of the following options :
●Transfer the embryos at a later date
●Donate them for research or for use by another couple
●Dispose of the embryos
TESTING FOR PREGNANCY AFTER IN VITRO FERTILIZATION
Blood testing — Approximately two weeks after the embryo transfer, a blood or urine test for hCG, the hormone that signifies pregnancy, can be done. Home urine pregnancy testing is not as sensitive for detecting an early pregnancy as blood testing.
●If the first blood hCG level is <5 IU/L, the woman is not pregnant.
●If the first hCG level is >10 IU/L, the test is usually repeated 48 hours later to confirm that the levels are increasing. The hCG level should approximately double every 48 hours during the first 21 days after embryo transfer.
●If the second hCG level does not double or decreases, the blood test may be repeated again 48 hours later. Depending upon the situation, there is a possibility that the pregnancy is not viable. hCG levels do not increase or begin to decline when the pregnancy is not progressing normally. (See 'When in vitro fertilization is not successful' below.)
Ultrasound — If the hCG levels increase as expected, a pelvic ultrasound may be done three to four weeks after the transfer. At this time, it is usually possible to see a gestational sac inside the uterus. The gestational sac is a fluid-filled sac containing the embryo (image 1).
At five to six weeks of pregnancy (four to five weeks after the transfer), the yolk sac is usually visible. The yolk sac provides nourishment to the embryo early in development. A heart beat is usually visible by 6 to 6.5 weeks of pregnancy (4 to 4.5 weeks after the transfer).
Pregnancy care — In most cases, prenatal care begins at 6 to 10 weeks of pregnancy. At this time, the woman will begin to see her obstetrical physician or nurse on a regular basis. These visits allow the obstetrical provider to monitor the woman and baby's health and to answer any questions.
PREDICTING THE OUTCOME OF IVF
A prediction model has been developed to predict the probability of IVF success over the course of the first three fresh autologous cycles and the first fresh donor cycle, and the effect of transferring one versus two embryos on the live birth rate and the multiple birth rate . The model is available free of charge on the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) website in the section “For Patients.” Women considering initiating IVF can input their data on the website to generate their expected outcomes. Other calculators are also available (eg, www.ivf-success-rates.com).
WHEN IN VITRO FERTILIZATION IS NOT SUCCESSFUL
In vitro fertilization has a reasonable rate of success in most cases. Overall, approximately 27 percent of IVF cycles will end in a live birth, and the cumulative chances of success are higher when more than one cycle of IVF is done .
However, an individual's chance of success depends on several factors, including the woman's age, cause of infertility, and treatment approach. For example, in the United States, the live birth rate for each IVF cycle started is approximately 30 to 35 percent for women under age 35; 25 percent for women ages 35 to 37; 15 to 20 percent for women ages 38 to 40; and 6 to 10 percent for women over 40. The success rates of individual infertility clinics in the United States is published on the internet at the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (www.sart.org/).
It can be difficult to deal with the emotional highs and lows of infertility treatment. This is especially true if the woman (and her partner) have been trying to conceive for a long time, if treatment is not covered by insurance, or if there are any underlying problems in the couple's life (eg, medical, family or partner, job, financial).
Support groups and counseling services are available at many infertility treatment centers, as well as on the internet (see 'Where to get more information' below). To find a reputable group, talk to your healthcare provider.
COSTS OF IN VITRO FERTILIZATION TREATMENT
The costs of IVF treatments can be high, depending upon what tests are required, the type and dose of medication(s) used, and the number of cycles required to become pregnant. The average cost of an IVF cycle in the United States is more than $10,000. Insurance policies cover the costs of infertility treatment in some states, although this varies by location and individual insurance policy. Less than half of the states within the US have laws requiring insurers to cover infertility treatment.
More information about a state's laws can be obtained by calling your state Insurance Commissioner's office. Information can also be found by visiting the website for the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (http://www.asrm.org/insurance.aspx).
WHERE TO GET MORE INFORMATION
Your healthcare provider is the best source of information for questions and concerns related to your medical problem.
This article will be updated as needed on our web site (www.uptodate.com/patients). Related topics for patients, as well as selected articles written for healthcare professionals, are also available. Some of the most relevant are listed below.
Patient level information — UpToDate offers two types of patient education materials.
The Basics — The Basics patient education pieces answer the four or five key questions a patient might have about a given condition. These articles are best for patients who want a general overview and who prefer short, easy-to-read materials.
Patient education: Infertility in women (The Basics)
Patient education: Infertility in men (The Basics)
Patient education: Infertility in couples (The Basics)
Patient education: Endometriosis (The Basics)
Patient education: Ectopic pregnancy (The Basics)
Patient education: Turner syndrome (The Basics)
Beyond the Basics — Beyond the Basics patient education pieces are longer, more sophisticated, and more detailed. These articles are best for patients who want in-depth information and are comfortable with some medical jargon.
Patient education: Evaluation of the infertile couple (Beyond the Basics)
Patient education: Treatment of male infertility (Beyond the Basics)
Patient education: Ovulation induction with clomiphene (Beyond the Basics)
Patient education: Infertility treatment with gonadotropins (Beyond the Basics)
Professional level information — Professional level articles are designed to keep doctors and other health professionals up-to-date on the latest medical findings. These articles are thorough, long, and complex, and they contain multiple references to the research on which they are based. Professional level articles are best for people who are comfortable with a lot of medical terminology and who want to read the same materials their doctors are reading.
Effect of advanced age on fertility and pregnancy in women
Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids): Epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and natural history
Evaluation of male infertility
In vitro fertilization
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Oocyte donation for assisted reproduction
Overview of treatment of female infertility
Treatment of infertility in women with endometriosis
Pregnancy outcome after assisted reproductive technology
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
Psychological stress and infertility
Reproductive issues in women with uterine leiomyomas (fibroids)
Strategies to control the rate of high order multiple gestation
Techniques for preimplantation sex selection
Treatment of male infertility
Use of assisted reproduction in HIV- and hepatitis-infected couples
The following organizations also provide reliable health information.
●National Library of Medicine
●American Society for Reproductive Medicine
●Resolve: The National Infertility Association
●The International Council on Infertility Information Dissemination
- Macklon NS, Stouffer RL, Giudice LC, Fauser BC. The science behind 25 years of ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization. Endocr Rev 2006; 27:170.
- Al-Inany HG, Abou-Setta AM, Aboulghar M. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonists for assisted conception. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; :CD001750.
- van Rumste MM, Evers JL, Farquhar CM. Intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection versus conventional techniques for oocyte insemination during in vitro fertilisation in patients with non-male subfertility. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003; :CD001301.
- American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Guidelines for cryopreserved embryo donation. Fertil Steril 2004; 82 Suppl 1:S16.
- Luke B, Brown MB, Wantman E, et al. A prediction model for live birth and multiple births within the first three cycles of assisted reproductive technology. Fertil Steril 2014; 102:744.
- www.cdc.gov/art/art2005/ (Accessed on February 13, 2008).
All topics are updated as new information becomes available. Our peer review process typically takes one to six weeks depending on the issue.
- IN VITRO FERTILIZATION OVERVIEW
- WHO SHOULD CONSIDER IN VITRO FERTILIZATION?
- IN VITRO FERTILIZATION PROCEDURE
- TESTING FOR PREGNANCY AFTER IN VITRO FERTILIZATION
- PREDICTING THE OUTCOME OF IVF
- WHEN IN VITRO FERTILIZATION IS NOT SUCCESSFUL
- COSTS OF IN VITRO FERTILIZATION TREATMENT
- WHERE TO GET MORE INFORMATION | <urn:uuid:e427c210-2944-48bb-ae15-6c03e08a50e5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.uptodate.com/contents/in-vitro-fertilization-ivf-beyond-the-basics | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00082-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.915389 | 4,725 | 3.09375 | 3 |
January 22, 2017
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New Delhi | Government has slapped safeguard duty on import of certain steel products to protect domestic manufacturers from cheap in-bound shipments.
The safeguard duty has been imposed on import of hot rolled flat sheets and plates (excluding hot rolled flat products in coil form) of alloy or non-alloy steel.
The effective duty rate would be calculated after deducting the value of the goods and the anti-dumping duty payable when the import price is below USD 504 per tonne, said a Revenue Department notification.
The duty arrived at would be 10 per cent in the first year and will gradually reduce to 6 per cent by 2019, it said.
A 10 per cent ad valorem minus anti-dumping duty payable will be imposed on imports up to November 22, 2017. This will be lowered to 8 per cent between November 23, 2017 and November 22, 2018.
A “six per cent ad valorem minus anti-dumping duty payable, if any, (will be imposed) when imported during the period from November 23, 2018 to May 22, 2019 (both days inclusive) at an import price below USD 504 per ton on CIF basis,” it added.
The Director General (Safeguard), in his final findings on August 2, 2016, “had come to the conclusion that increased imports of subject goods into India has caused and threatened to cause serious injury to the domestic producers of subject goods, thereby necessitating the imposition of safeguard duty on imports of the subject goods into India.” Earlier this month, government had imposed anti-dumping duty on imports of steel wire rods from China for six months.
An anti-dumping duty equivalent to the difference between the landed value of steel products and USD 499 per tonne will be imposed on products exported by Minmetals Yingkou Medium Plate Co Ltd. In case of other producers, the anti-dumping duty would be the difference between the landed value and USD 538 per tonne, a government notification of November 2 had said.
The ‘landed value’ of imports was defined as the assessable value as determined by the customs and includes all duties of customs.
India previously slapped anti-dumping duty on certain cold-rolled flat steel products from four nations, including China and South Korea.
Anti-dumping measures are taken to ensure fair trade and provide a level-playing field to the domestic industry. They are not a measure to restrict imports or cause an unjustified increase in cost of products.
India has initiated maximum anti-dumping cases against “below-cost” imports from China.
Subscribe to our email newsletter. | <urn:uuid:9cb965d3-fd3c-4017-baef-dde6d5622ff8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://metrovaartha.com/en/2016/11/24/govt-slaps-safeguard-duty-on-certain-steel-imports/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00476-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948121 | 543 | 1.703125 | 2 |
I want to convert string cell values to Datetime cell values in the same column.
For ex : My column contains below data:
3/1/12 5:30 PM
i need to convert row 3 & 4 in datetime format and other’s in string format.
Thanks for your posting and considering Aspose.Cells.
Please use the following code to convert the string type into Excel date format.
Please see the screenshot and the output file generated by this code (attached).
Workbook workbook = new Workbook();
Worksheet worksheet = workbook.Worksheets;
Cell cell = worksheet.Cells[“A1”];
cell.PutValue(“2/1/12 4:59 PM”);
Style style = cell.GetStyle();
style.Number = 14; //try numbers from 14-22
There are two methods that depends on type of your requirements.
If your requirement is that you want to convert existing cell’s string
value to datetime, please use the code provided by me and make a bit change:
cell.PutValue(“2/1/12 4:59 PM”, true);
If your requirement is that you are loading data from CSV file, please use | <urn:uuid:bce376f0-2bad-4107-bd81-8890e8728348> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forum.aspose.com/t/datetime-convertion-in-excel-sheet/116795 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.669551 | 349 | 1.859375 | 2 |
Recently, I have written a tutorial on “How to install WordPress using Fantastico”. Now, I hope that you all know how to install WordPress. After installing WordPress, now its the time when we have to think about security and how to protect our blog from malicious attacks and deface attacks. WordPress do not provide security automatically, we have to take some measures to prevent our blog/website from being Hacked.
So, today we are traversing towards the first step of security by showing tutorial on “How to Password Protect WordPress Admin Directory“. WordPress Admin Directory is nothing but a “wp-admin”, which enables you to login in to the WordPress. By protecting this directory you will cover an extra layer of authentication for security purposes. So, in this article we will show you a Step by Step guide on “How to Password Protect WordPress Admin directory“.
Step by Step Guide on:
How to Password Protect WordPress Admin Directory
Login to your cPanel. Scroll down the screen and find section which includes title as “Security” and in that section you will find an icon named as “Password Protect Directories“.
Click on that icon and then screen will be appear asking for directory location. Now, click on web root and then navigate to the folder where your WordPress is hosted. Then click on the /wp-admin/ folder. You will see a screen similar to below image:
Afterwards, in that open screen you have to simply check the box to Password Protect WordPress Admin Directory and in “Name of the protected directory” – you can put desired name of your choice and no need to remember that name.
Then, in that open screen only you have to fill “username & password” and you have to remember it. Hurray! You have enabled Password Protect WordPress Admin Directory.
Now, When you try to login in WordPress or when you try to access your wp-admin directory, then you will see an Authentication Required box, shown in figure below:
To Fix Too many redirects loop error
Sometimes it may happen that after after you have Password Protect WordPress Admin Directory, when you try to login in to WordPress account then it will show “404 Error or Too many redirects loop error“. To fix this issue, open your main WordPress .htaccess file (cPanel > File Manager) and add the following code there before the WordPress rules start.
ErrorDocument 401 default
And your problem will be solved, now try to login in to WordPress account.
Hope you have understand and now you can Password Protect WordPress Admin Directory, if you have any problem then don’t hesitate, just put your problem related comment via below comment form and we will surely help you resolve your problem. | <urn:uuid:d964f34c-28e8-4285-a951-6392f5991f43> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.knowledgecage.com/how-to-password-protect-wordpress-admin-directory/3524/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00152-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.879166 | 575 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Irina Bokova, UNESCO Director-General, Marianna V. Vardinoyannis, UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador and Benedetto Zacchiroli, President of the European Coalition of Cities against Racism (ECCAR), launched an initiative on “Welcoming Cities for Refugees: Promoting Inclusion and Protecting Rights” with a roundtable at UNESCO Headquarters in Paris on 9 May 2016.
UNESCO, the Marianna V. Vardinoyannis Foundation and ECCAR work hand in hand to bring a shift of focus about, moving away from the negative perceptions of refugees and migrants to the assets and advantages generated by human mobility. This relates inter alia to demographic trends in many European countries and their need to receive an additional working force to support development and growth.
For Marianna V. Vardinoyannis “responding to the ongoing refugee and migration crises is first and foremost a matter of human dignity”. For her Foundation this partnership is an extension of the “We Care” programme which provides, in cooperation with Greek municipalities, basic medical care, vaccines and psychological support to children of refugees.
The current situation of refugees in Europe “…touches the core foundation of our humanity, our capacity to express empathy, to show solidarity”, said Irina Bokova in her opening statement.
Research carried out by Patrick Taran, President of the Global Migration Policy Associates, within the framework of this partnership, further underlines that the current situation of refugees in Europe is a crisis of perception and values. Data provided by ECCAR member cities (Graz, Malmö, Uppsala, Erlangen, Karlsruhe, Metz, Rotterdam, Barcelona, Ghent, Bologna, Esch-sur-Alzette) and other findings prove this point.
The roundtable addressed the role of culture in promoting inclusion and changing negative stereotypes about refugees. A prerequisite for such a shift is to recognize the diversity of cultural identities but also their fluid and evolving nature. Public spaces like museums, libraries and exhibition premises are ideal settings to stimulate cultural exchange and foster convergences between newcomers and inhabitants of a receiving community. Interaction among people may cause friction but can also trigger understanding and rapprochement. Media has clearly a critical role to play in this respect. The language used by media should contribute to inclusion and the eradication of stereotypes, and bring to the fore the human side of the predicaments of migrants and refugees.
Panellists of the roundtable were Susanne Asche, head of Cultural Affairs Department, City of Karlsruhe (Germany), Parvati Nair, director of UNU Institute on Globalization, Culture and Mobility, and Ralf Gruenert, UNHCR representative in France.
In concluding the event, Benedetto Zacchiroli insisted on the role of cities to help those who flee war “…to continue dreaming, to build their dreams inside a community… “” while Marianna Vardinoyannis made an appeal: “We have to respond without closed borders. We have to open our minds and our hearts”.
Experts and city representatives will gather in Athens (Greece), in November 2016, to develop policy and action recommendations and contribute to the elaboration of guidance instruments for municipal authorities and city level actors.
“CITIES WELCOMING REFUGEES”
May 9, 2016
By Patrick Taran, President, GMPA
The “refugee crisis,” interchangeably called the “migrant crisis,” has been relentless fodder for news media, political debate and public attention in Europe over the last year. But the “crisis” is much more one of perception –and of values—than of reality. Refugee arrivals and migration are permanent features of the European story, and the stories of European cities. Cities have long been “ground zero” for arriving refugees and migrants.
In 2015, Europe countries faced a dramatic increase in the number of refugees arriving in irregular situations, over one million persons. European countries registered 1,392,610 applications for asylum –some arrived in regular situations—more than double the 626,000 asylum applications registered in 2014.
However, let’s put these figures in perspective! Annual immigration arrivals to EU member countries have been consistently above 3 million over the last decade; 3.4 million in 2013, the last year for which data is available. Overall, more than half now originate from outside the EU; a large proportion are immigrants from other EU states. While net immigration is less –about one million a year (accounting for emigration departures)—the reality is that migration has been a substantial, long and constant feature of Europe. Today, perhaps more than ever, Europe needs migrants for economic, skills, labour and demographic reasons.
The reality is that 10 to 20% of work forces of Western Europe are “issue de l’immigration” as the French put it. The figures for cities of Europe are perhaps more dramatic. Take quintessentially Austrian Vienna, where 49 and a half percent of the population is foreign born, or has at least one foreign born parent. The figure is fully 50% for Rotterdam. The dozen cities large and small replying to our survey noted 15 to 40% –or more– foreign origin populations.
In 2013, 71% of non-EU nationals in EU Member States were engaged in economic activities. The rate of labor market participation was higher for non-citizens than citizens in the Mediterranean and Eastern European Member States as well as Luxembourg. That is contrary to contemporary European mythology.
Migration is maintaining the viability of European construction, health care, hotel, restaurant and tourism, agriculture and other sectors. It meets growing demand for skills and promotes entrepreneurship. Remittances, skills transfers, investments, and trade are enhancing development across Europe and other countries. Migration is key to viability, indeed the very survival of Europe’s developed economies.
But we ain’t seen nothin’ yet.
Within 15 years, the majority of the world’s countries and populations will be in serious work force decline. Many already are. Fertility rates in some 122 of 224 recognized countries and political territories are at or well below zero population growth; this includes all of Europe. Germany will lose 5 million members of its work force in the next fifteen years. Italy’s work force will decline by some 3 million by 2030. The Russian Federation has lost 10 million since 2000. A study shows that Switzerland will need 400,000 additional workers by 2030. Most dramatic is the anticipated decline of China’s workforce by some 100 million people in the next 30 years.
Over coming years, these countries face increasing departures from the work force uncompensated by decreasing numbers of youth entrants. This means increasingly ‘globalized’ demand – and competition for the most crucial economic resource of all: trained skills at all levels. No country today can form or train workers with the entire range and number of evolving professional, technical and vocational skills needed to perform the ever more complex work performed on its territory. This drives a constantly increasing, international mobility of talent, competencies and labour at all skill levels.
The global skills crisis is critical and global. A forecasting study by the McKenzie Global Institute estimated that the global shortage of high skilled and trained technical skills may reach 85 million by 2020. 38 to 40 million skilled workers with tertiary education will be lacking, especially in developed countries and notably across Europe. Another 45 million will be missing with technical, vocational and scientific skills needed by employers –this within five years. Already employers around the world complain that they cannot fill one in three jobs on offer with the needed level of skills.
Supply side pressures
Pressures for labour displacement and emigration from countries North and South remain intense; in some situations they have significantly intensified in the last five years. The war and conflict driven exodus of millions from Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria and Yemen have overshadowed the bigger, long term mobility trends, particularly because of the more than a million persons in refugee circumstances arriving in Europe over the last year.
However, a main factor in countries across Africa and Asia remains the absence of jobs and decent work in countries with growing youth populations. Job creation remains flat while youthful populations are increasing. Meanwhile, financial crises and austerity measures have devastated national economies as well as social protection systems even in Europe, and have resulted in youth unemployment rates of 50% in several countries. New waves of emigration, especially of young skilled workers, have departed from Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain – a significant number to cities elsewhere in Europe.
Additional Challenges for Cities
Yes, the large increase in refugee arrivals in a number of European countries resulted in significant additional challenges for all levels of government. But the challenges of refugee displacement and migration also present opportunities for the future of dynamic and vibrant cities. As «Cities of Migration» puts it, “The twin forces of urbanisation and global migration have created a rich field of action and experimentation in cities around the world on integration strategies for migrants. The success of many of these cities is to a large extent tied to their success in actualising the hopes and dreams of the thousands of migrants… When they succeed, the result can be a strong economy and a vibrant ‘cosmopolis’, when they fail, the result can be poverty, segregation and social tension.”
Cities in Europe and elsewhere have critical responsibilities to address the multiple challenges generated by arriving refugees and migrants. The challenges of meeting human rights and public services obligations falls most heavily on local government, which must assure adequate shelter, food, health care, education, water, sanitation, public safety, transportation and other facilities for all residents, as well as provide skills assessment and employment services to assist refugees and other migrants in becoming self-supporting.
All branches, departments and services of city government –indeed of regional and national government—are involved in providing these services. However, local governments highlight that they generally receive little or no support to meet these consequences of national policies and international events.
The challenges for local government are exacerbated by prejudices and rising xenophobic reactions against refugees and migrants. Discrimination and often violent hostility are encouraged by populist discourse and fear mongering on the part of some political figures and parties, along with negative representation of refugees and migration in news media. As Eurocities put it, many cities are affected by two related trends:
1. austerity policies and budget cuts at local and/or national level, leading to scarcer resources to fund social policies, including integration policies, and
2. an anti-migrant backlash in the context of the global economic crisis, which some political parties have put at the core of their agenda.
Opportunities for strengthening cities may be difficult to realize in situations characterised as crises. Wider perspective, support and shared experience are crucial. The European Coalition of Cities against Racism (ECCAR) 2015 General Conference in Karlsruhe, city members expressed unwavering commitment to tackling the situation with an “anti-racist welcoming culture”.
To assist, offer guidance and facilitate exchange of approaches and experience, the UNESCO Director General Irina Bokova launched this morning the UNESCO-ECCAR initiative “Welcoming Cities for Refugees in Europe.” The initiative intends to:
- Achieve shared understanding of roles and approaches of cities in facilitating the reception and eventual integration of refugees and other migrants as well as upholding social cohesion;
- Map legal, policy and practical approaches to the involvement of cities with refugees and migrants;
- Identify relevant city governance responsibilities, tasks, and concerned institutions;
- Scope available/potentially available resources to empower and support municipal authorities;
- Compile relevant «good practice» examples; and
- Articulate recommendations on actions and approaches to achieve effective, holistic city governance regarding refugee and migrant reception, integration and social cohesion.
The starting point was a substantial survey of cities participating in ECCAR. So far 12 cities in ten countries have responded with data regarding refugee and migrant presence; city policy and practice; specific services provided for refugees and migrants; and identification of challenges and good practices.
Responses have been received from Barcelona, Bologna, Erlangen (Germany), Eshe-sur-Alzette (Luxembourg), Ghent (Belgium), Graz, Karlsruhe, Malmö, Metz (France), Rotterdam, and Uppsala plus a relevant report from Lisbon. Responding cities ranged in size from 22,000 to 1.6 million. Most reported foreign born populations of 16% to 40% of their totals, while Eshe-sur-Alzette noted over 55% and Rotterdam indicated 50% foreign-born or with one or both parents foreign-born.
Housing and urban habitat planning were highlighted as a major challenge by most. One report mentions that often migrants live in overcrowded housing in the peripheries “which greatly affects their capacity to integrate into society and realize themselves as full citizens.”
A major related issue is that while localities have to meet needs of significant numbers of recent arrivals, there is little or no financial support from regional and national government.
Most cities have established a specialized service or department for city policy and action on refugee and migrant arrivals and integration.
Nearly all cities reported specific actions in areas of health, housing, schooling, and employment/job-seeking. Some also are addressing nutrition and several also noted specific attention to leisure activity.
All reporting cities highlighted new initiatives to meet challenges of recent refugee arrivals:
- Barcelona launched its “Refuge City” plan last September to gear up for receiving and assisting refugees, providing necessary services and guaranteeing their rights, with the goal of equipping Barcelona with its own permanent, comprehensive reception model.
- In Ghent, the mayor instigated meetings with adjacent local authorities to avoid misunderstandings between administrations. The city recruited new staff for community and welfare coordination, for sensitization and communication, and for housing coordination focusing on asylum seekers.
- Graz set up a task force group with members from different city departments; it organized housing infrastructure with the regional government; it invited citizens living around refugee accommodations to information events; it expanding German lessons and took special measures for unaccompanied minors.
- The city of Karlsruhe established a special fund to support voluntary initiatives and the mayor held two big community information meetings for citizens.
- Malmö stepped up its emergency planning in autumn 2015 when a large number of unaccompanied children arrived, to solve urgent challenges including housing.
- Rotterdam established a special Program ‘Basis op Orde’ and subsidised refugee care.
- The Uppsala Executive Board adopted an overall strategic plan covering five areas: coordinating activities and resources; housing/accommodation; schooling and information; reception and employment; and leisure activities and social inclusion. The city started the “Family Friend” initiative encouraging inhabitants to make personal contributions to facilitate social inclusion and integration of the newly arrived.
What’s at Stake?
World attention is currently focused on the dramatic situation of millions of persons driven from their countries or displaced internally by devastating warfare in Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan, Yemen and Libya –fuelled by arms and military interventions from European countries and elsewhere. Yet, as important as they are, refugees and asylum seekers today are a relatively small proportion of international migration, about 25 million of the global ‘migrant’ population of 244 million.
What may be more important is that migration is sustaining the world of work in the Twenty-First Century. Over 90 percent of all migration –including refugee movements—is bound up in employment and economic activity outcomes. To show what I mean, ILO calculated that 150 million of the 232 million people – including refugees – living outside their countries of birth or origin in 2013 were economically active. That represents nearly all adults of working age.
Migration today is central to the viability of labour markets worldwide. Foreign-born workers comprise 10-15% of labour forces in Western European countries, 30% in Switzerland. Proportions are far higher in many European cities, where migration is rejuvenating the workforces. For example, around 50% of the populations of Rotterdam and Vienna are foreign born or have at least one foreign-born parent. 20% of the German work force is foreign origin. In 2013, 71.4% of non-EU nationals in EU Member States were engaged in economic activities. Furthermore, the rate of labor market participation was actually higher for non-citizens than citizens in the Mediterranean and Eastern European Member States as well as Luxembourg. Contrary to common myths, these rates show a high level of economic participation of migrants in European countries.
Migration is maintaining the viability of European agriculture, construction, health care, hotel, restaurant and tourism and other sectors. It meets growing demand for skills, and promotes entrepreneurship. Migrant remittances, skills transfers, investments, and trade are enhancing development in both European and other countries. The viability, indeed the very survival of Europe’s developed economies depends on migration.
Key challenges for city governance
The experience of cities across Europe and elsewhere highlights overarching challenges for city governance:
1. The bottom line need for protection
I referred earlier to the so-called refugee crisis being in reality a crisis of values…of expressed European values. Coming from long experience–and personal family history—with refugees, I cannot help but wonder what values are represented in setting up a NATO blockade against desperate displaced people, asking UN authorization to sink boats, and sending refugees back from beaches to the front lines, when they’ve fled a country where every city looks like Dresden in 1944.
The starting premise for this discussion, this process is that every person, every citizen, every refugee, every migrant is first and foremost as a human being. Every one of us is entitled to and indeed needs full protection of human rights, dignity and welfare.
Most of us live in cities. Most refugees arrive sooner or later to cities. Ensuring public health for the entire community, schooling for every child, requires everyone “in town” to be recognized and entitled to basic services.
Whatever national policy may be and whatever populist rhetoric may say, exclusion of anyone in the city from healthcare, schooling, housing is a recipe for disaster.
2. Public Services for all
A fundamental challenge for local government administration is to address the real needs for services, support and integration of newcomer populations. People new to a city or a country need information and orientation. No-one learns instantly a new language so newcomers need information in other languages. That puts language and civics instruction high on the list.
Everyone needs the basic services that city governments organize: schooling, healthcare, access to housing, transportation to work, police protection, social protection, maternity support, etc.
Most go to work –or want to go to work—as soon as they can. This includes children once they reach adulthood and refugees when they obtain work authorization. They need assistance in recognition of credentials and qualifications, skills retraining or adaptation, and job matching support.
3. Change, Diversity and Destabilization
Migration changes the ethnic, racial, cultural, linguistic and religious composition of societies and communities worldwide. But change and diversity don’t often ‘come naturally,’ all the more so when established populations find public services disappearing, jobs becoming less stable, affordable housing more scarce, cost of living rising, and so on. Without assertive public information and education, it is easy for disaffected locals to believe political harangues and news coverage suggesting connections between foreigners and unemployment, crime, scarce housing, deteriorating health care, inflation, traffic congestion, etc.
The reality is that immigration tends to expand employment and create jobs, lower crime rates, revitalize decaying neighbourhoods and expand national production and growth. A huge challenge is how to sustain social cohesion in hostile environments.
Manifestations of anti-foreigner sentiments, incidents of violence and publicly-voiced accusations that refugees and migrants steal jobs and increase crime pose visible challenges to social cohesion and the protection of all, and require deliberate government discourse and action to prevent.
4. Discrimination, Equality, Integration
Discrimination –unjustified differential treatment– prevents equal opportunity, provokes conflict within the population and undermines social cohesion. Discrimination reinforces attitudes that constrain certain identifiable groups to marginalized roles and poor conditions. The results of consistent denial of employment opportunities, relegation to ghettos, lack of education or training opportunities, absence of police protection, and multiple discrimination in community life are exclusion and ultimately, breakdown of social cohesion.
Discrimination has a double impact on refugee and migrant women. Gender segregated labour markets contribute to discriminatory employment in countries of destination, resulting in high levels of abuse and exploitation of women refugees and migrants. Anti-discrimination and equality of treatment measures are prerequisite foundations for integration policy. Respect for the diversity of cultures, opinions and religious beliefs provides the setting that ensures the dignity of each person and the recognition of their abilities, two key aspects of well-being and hence of social cohesion.
The European Commission established a useful and appropriate definition of integration relevant everywhere:
[I]ntegration should be understood as a two-way process based on mutual rights and corresponding obligations of legally resident third country nationals [foreigners] and the host society which provides for full participation of the immigrant. This implies on the one hand that it is the responsibility of the host society to ensure that the formal rights of immigrants are in place in such a way that the individual has the possibility of participating in economic, social, cultural and civil life and on the other, that immigrants respect the fundamental norms and values of the host society and participate actively in the integration process, without having to relinquish their own identity (EU, 2003).
The future of migration has arrived in Europe’s cities. It brings urgent, complex challenges for all administrations. These challenges and opportunities can be met effectively and justly. Doing so requires proper knowledge, application of the rule of law, engaging the best principles of public administration, and implementing effective practices. To support that happening is what this initiative we launch today is all about.
* * *
President, Global Migration Policy Associates
Countries of the European Union + Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland.
“During 2013, there were an estimated 1.7 million immigrants to the EU-28 from non-member countries. In addition, 1.7 million people previously residing in one EU Member State migrated to another Member State.” See: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Migration_and_migrant_population_statistics#Migration_flows
Eurostat, Migrant integration statistics. http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Migrant_integration_statistics_-_employment
For a corporate view on the phenomena, see Ernst & Young online report: “Six global trends shaping the business world: Demographic shifts transform the global workforce”
This and following figures drawn from the on-line CIA World Factbook, Country Comparison: Total Fertility Rate(s) at https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2127rank.html. Note: 2.1 to 2.2 children per woman is considered the ‘replacement rate’ of zero population growth, below which population will decline.
McKenzie Global Institute: 2012. The World at Work: Jobs, Pay and Skills for 3.5 Billion People. See http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/employment_and_growth/the_world_at_work. Download summary and full text from that page.
Eurocities. Cities and Migrants II: implementing the EUROCITIES Integrating Cities Charter. 2nd Report December 2015
ECCAR’s general conference in Karlsruhe 2015 “Welcoming Cities”. Final Declaration, available at: http://www.eccar.info/sites/default/files/eccar_final_declaration_2015.pdf
Teressa Juswiak, Elaine McGregor, Melissa Siegel. Migrant and Refugee Integration in Global Cities: The Role of Cities and Businesses. The Hague Process on Refugees and Migration (THP), 2014.
ILO, Global estimates on migrant workers: results and methodology. International Labour Office. Geneva, 2015
Relevant figures for most EU countries and “immigration countries” mentioned are found in the OECD International Migration Outlook: SOPEMI 2011 Statistical Annex
Eurostat, “Migrant Integration Statistics – Employment,” data from May 2014, available at http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Migrant_integration_statistics_-_employment. | <urn:uuid:95a66f39-9836-4e97-9505-121ee6fd67d1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mvvfoundation.gr/en/refugees-and-migrants-assets-for-social-cultural-and-economic-development/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.925333 | 5,258 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Richard William "Rick" Wright (28 July 1943 – 15 September 2008) was an
English musician, composer, singer and songwriter. He was a founding member,
Sep 15, 2008 ... Richard Wright, the keyboardist whose somber, monumental sounds were at the
core of Pink Floyd's art-rock that has sold millions and millions ...
Richard Wright didn't have the outsized personality of Pink Floyd bandmates Syd
Barrett and Roger Waters, and his instrumental prowess was never as ...
Complete your Richard Wright record collection. Discover Richard Wright's full
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Sep 15, 2013 ... Richard Wright, in the time just before his passing in 2008, was in the midst of
something of a comeback alongside his Pink Floyd bandmate ...
Jul 28, 2015 ... Pink Floyd's Richard Wright, more often than not, was the guy keeping to himself
while out-sized personalities like Syd Barrett, Roger Waters ...
Richard Wright, often known as Rick Wright, was an English keyboardist, vocalist,
and songwriter who was a founding member of Pink Floyd. Though best ...
Sep 15, 2008 ... Obituary: Keyboard player and founder member of Pink Floyd.
Nov 29, 2011 ... Guitarist and solo star David Gilmour was honoured with the Outstanding
Contribution title at the 2008 Q Awards with Russian Standard Vodka ... | <urn:uuid:999efd87-4432-4151-9d94-f104ff82bc0a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ask.com/web?q=Rick++Wright | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00092-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944014 | 289 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Recovery.gov, the government's window into stimulus expenditures, on Monday is kicking off a week-long online discussion with IT vendors to improve the site.
The federal government, in partnership with the nonprofit National Academy of Public Administration, is hosting the dialogue to seek "ideas, tools, and approaches" that can make Recovery.gov a place where citizens can "transparently" monitor the spending and use of recovery act funds, the site states.
Participants are supposed to suggest and then vote on the best concepts.
The dialogue will be written, not spoken. This may be an important distinction because rules on stimulus spending prohibit lobbyists, including IT industry lobbyists, from speaking with federal officials about stimulus projects "unless such views are in writing."
An explanation of the event states, "This initiative invites participation in a vendor-neutral, online platform that allows participants to submit ideas on Web site design, data collection, data warehousing, data analysis and visualization, waste, fraud, and abuse detection, and other topics that are key to achieving greater transparency and accountability."
Steven Clift, an online strategist who works to enhance democracy through the use of the Internet, distributed an announcement through his e-mail distribution list and discussion group to publicize and critique the event.
"The U.S. needs both non-profit assisted (like this case) and a government-hosted online public hearing/input platform (I suggest 'liberating' Democracy.Gov from restricted promotion outside the U.S. for shared use by multiple agencies)," he wrote on April 23. "Think 'democracy portal' designed from the citizen not branch/level of government perspective with an 'online conference room' that can be checked out by government agencies and task forces."
Clift goes on to observe that the dialogue will not transpire on whitehouse.gov, which probably won't matter that much so long as the site links to the relevant page on Recovery.gov.
"One recommendation - the online event should host an independent e-mail update list (that doesn't require third party services) and provide daily e-mail summaries/highlights to draw people into contribute," he suggested. | <urn:uuid:9d846add-f16c-4d51-86ed-5cb03701ffd9> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.nextgov.com/technology-news/tech-insider/2009/04/seeking-recoverygov-help/52427/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00404-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93082 | 445 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Having dropped out of school at sixteen to pursue his career as a painter, Creme painted, drew and exhibited throughout his life. Originally working in landscapes and then an abstracted figurative style, in the 1960s Creme began a period of esoteric paintings, inspired by Malevich and others, many of which are reminiscent of Hilma af Klint. According to the gallery that represents him, England & Co., his works were once acquired by the British Museum and the Victoria & Albert Museum. In Los Angeles, his works have a home at the Benjamin Creme Museum, which seeks to promote his philosophical and artistic legacies.
This week, fans of his art got some good news, as the LAPD announced the recovery of $800,000 worth his artworks. An anonymous tipster was clearing out a deceased relative’s storage unit in San Fernando, California, when they discovered the trove of works. Consulting the National Stolen Art database, the realized the works had been missing since 2012 and contacted the police. | <urn:uuid:2e0696e3-1b0b-4431-a2d3-5f88d8882cfd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.artandobject.com/news/800000-stolen-esoteric-art-recovered | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.98789 | 206 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Apple posts videos of press conference, antenna performance, test chambersApple has added a new section to its website, informing consumers about the external antenna featured on the iPhone 4 and how users may experience signal loss. It also revealed its internal antenna testing chambers, and posted video of Friday's press conference in its entirety.
The new site apple.com/antenna aims to inform users about attenuation and signal loss. It notes that all antennas on all devices, including TV, radio, GPS and cell phones, can experience attenuation when obstructed.
The site includes videos that show users how holding the iPhone 4 in the incorrect way, covering the bottom left corner of the device, can result in a loss of signal with the iPhone 4. Other smartphones are highlighted as well, including the BlackBerry Bold 9700, HTC Droid Eris, Samsung Omnia II, and iPhone 3GS.
Another section of the site shows an inside look at Apple's antenna design and test labs.
"Apple has invested more than $100 million building its advanced antenna design and test labs," the company said. "Our engineers have logged thousands of hours designing and testing iPhone 4 in these state-of-the-art facilities."
The goal of the site is to convey to consumers that Apple always conducts thorough testing of its products before they are released. The labs feature 17 different antenna characterization chambers, also known as anechoic chambers, that are designed to accurately measure antenna and wireless performance. Video footage of the chambers is also available.
Finally, the entire video of Friday's press conference is also available on Apple's website. The event, held at the company's campus in Cupertino, Calif., can be streamed in low, medium or high bandwidth qualities. | <urn:uuid:0d4c24fa-2d05-4ac5-b33b-b00c48f1a46c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://appleinsider.com/articles/10/07/16/apple_posts_videos_of_press_conference_antenna_performance_test_chambers | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00563-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940532 | 353 | 1.570313 | 2 |
-- General Robert E. Lee
On this day in 1870, General Robert E. Lee died at the age of 67 after suffering a stroke while serving as president of Washington College (now Washington and Lee University) in Lexington, Virginia. He is buried at the chapel at Washington and Lee, with his trusty horse Traveller buried nearby.
Lee is perhaps best remembered as a Virginian who would not fight against his native state and turned down President Abraham Lincoln's offer to command the Union Army. When Virginia voted to secede from the nation in 1861, Lee had serious misgivings about secession but could not fight against the south so agreed to lead the Confederate Army.
Today, [Lee] remains internationally respected as a daring, often brilliant tactician, a gentleman who never referred to Northern soldiers as "the enemy" but as "those people over there," a man who opposed secession but felt honor-bound to serve his native state. He applied for restoration of his American citizenship, but the papers were lost until the 1970s, when his wish was granted.General Lee, from a long line of Virginians, remembered on this day. | <urn:uuid:900df3f5-1893-4bc1-885d-6f6e6fbf3f59> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://swacgirl.blogspot.com/2013/10/general-robert-e-lee-1807-october-12.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00309-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988601 | 233 | 3.1875 | 3 |
Colt Resources releases drill results for Banhos gold deposit
By Steven Ralston, CFA
Colt Resources () announced the assay results for 36 diamond drill holes from the Banhos, Chaminé and Casas Novas deposits at the Boa Fé gold project. Six of the 36 intersected two intervals of gold mineralization. The majority of holes (30 of 36) were drilled at Banhos.
The drilling campaign at Banhos began in August 2012 and was designed to confirm and expand historical drilling results. The drilling pattern is based on a 50 meter x 50 meter pattern that consists of both vertical and inclined holes. To date, the drilling has been more concentrated in the north western half of the deposit. The results will be used not only in the creation of a 3-D model of the gold deposit but also as part of the database for the updated NI 43-101 compliant resource estimate, which is expected to be completed during the first quarter of 2013. We already incorporate the mineralization at Banhos into our valuation model by utilizing historical estimates that we believe are valid despite not yet being NI 43-101 compliant.
Noteworthy high-grade assay results at Banhos include inclined hole (BFBH-12-023) intersecting 5.45 g/t gold over 2.00 meters and inclined hole (BFBH-12-033) intersecting 4.39 g/t gold over 5.30 meters. The longer low-grade intervals (all from inclined holes) were 1.33 g/t over 20.80 meters (BFBH-12-027), 0.76 g/t gold over 16.00 meters (BFBH-12-0235), 1.05 g/t over 15.10 meters (BFBH-12-031) and 1.25 g/t over 14.08 meters (BFBH-12-024).
At Chaminé, which is currently the most easily mineable deposit at Boa Fé, the results of four vertical drill holes were announced, of which two (BFCH-12-033 and BFCH-12-035) intersected over 4.7 g/t gold over 5 meters and one (BFCH-12-036) intersected 2.78 g/t over 15.16 meters.
Management continues to utilize the assay results of the drilling program to fine tune its structural interpretation of the gold mineralization hosted by the Boa Fé shear zone. The mineralization at all three deposits (Chaminé, Casas Novas and Banhos) appears to be associated with shallow dipping intrusive units, which are up to 20 meters thick. The most significant gold mineralization tends to occur in the kinks and fold hinges of these units.
We reaffirm our Outperform rating and price target of $1.70, which is based on an estimated share value of attributable resources.
To access a free copy of the full Colt Resources research report, please CLICK HERE. | <urn:uuid:db9006a9-97b4-41b5-8cb9-e975c264b257> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.zacks.com/stock/news/87278/colt-resources-releases-drill-results-for-banhos-gold-deposit | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00547-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934973 | 623 | 1.546875 | 2 |
CHICAGO -- While a new vaccine has all but eradicated common causes of pneumonia, meningitis, and ear infections in children, new strains of bacteria not covered by the vaccine have emerged, US researchers said yesterday.
Since the introduction of
Now they may have found them.
Researchers from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have noted an increase in the rates of bacterial infections not covered by the current pneumococcal vaccine among native children in Alaska.
"People are on top of it. It is not unexpected, but it is important," Dr. Katherine Poehling of Brenner Children's Hospital at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, N.C., said in a telephone interview.
The vaccine, also called heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine or PCV7, is marketed as Prevnar in the United States and Canada and as Prevenar elsewhere in the world. Given initially at ages 2, 4, and 6 months, it protects children from bacteria that often cause ear infections and drug-resistant pneumonia.
"Because of the surveillance, we are seeing it and we can act in a timely manner and maintain the benefits that we've seen," said Poehling, who wrote a commentary on the study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
The CDC's Dr. Rosalyn Singleton and colleagues studied pneumococcal infections such as pneumonia, meningitis, or blood infections known as bacteremia that occurred from 1995 to 2006.
They found that in the three years after the introduction of Prevnar, from 2001 through 2003, these diseases fell by 67 percent among native Alaskan children younger than age 2 and 61 percent in non-native children.
Between 2001 and 2003 and 2004 and 2006, these infection rates remained stable in non native Alaskan children younger than 2, but jumped 82 percent among Alaska native children, who are more prone to the infections.
Since 2004, diseases caused by strains of bacteria not covered by the vaccine have risen by 140 percent compared with the prevaccine period.
During the same period, diseases caused by the vaccinecovered strains fell by 96 percent. | <urn:uuid:905fd4f4-5899-4a60-a67d-d808ea1e30a2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://archive.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2007/04/25/vaccine_is_futile_vs_new_strains/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00244-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959017 | 443 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Students will enhance their abilities to manage, analyze and present information by using modern computer technologies. Emphasis will be put on problem definition, structured solution of subordinate problems and identification of appropriate problem-solving methodologies. Laboratory work will use three principal types of computer applications: databases for management of information, spreadsheets and other programs for information analysis, and word processing or desktop publishing for effective information presentation. Other topics include use of the Internet as an integral part of the course, the societal effects of information technologies, the Windows environment and an introduction to programming. This course satisfies the Universitys general education requirement in Computer Science. | <urn:uuid:900ce29b-ba4c-42c4-9490-5438d8fc4993> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://my.usiouxfalls.edu/ICS/Academics/CS/COM104__UG05/FA_2006_UNDG-COM104__UG05_-E/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.869738 | 126 | 2.296875 | 2 |
This quiz is based on the Aquatic Cycling Workout video, teaching you how to develop a complete water cycling class utilizing a suspended working position in shallow or deep water. This non-impact, high-intensity program will capture the athlete in everyone as well as bring more new patrons to your pool programs. You may choose to use a noodle or a buoyancy belt with this workout.
Learning Objectives :
- Muscle balance training
- Contrindicated movement
- Using the clock as a training method.
Complete the quiz online. A link will be sent to you via email with the confirmation of your purchase and payment receipt.
You must have your own copy of the corresponding video to complete and submit this quiz for Continuing Education Credits (CECs). We do not allow sharing due to copyright and liability laws. | <urn:uuid:38db5c29-2489-41a5-86a9-c1aca508eb52> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.waterart.org/product/aquatic-cycling-workout-cec-quiz/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.920907 | 177 | 1.773438 | 2 |
12 bygone amusement parks we want to visit again
Coasters, funhouses and dolphins! We wish we could ride the rides at these defunct theme parks.
Top image: Wikipedia
Some were themed after popular television shows, others inspired pop songs. Amusement parks were as big a part of recreational America as hot dogs, baseball and the Beach Boys. Over the last century, dozens of amusement parks have come and gone. Everyone lived within a drive of a place with a petting zoo and spinning teacups. There were so many, it's hard to make a comprehensive list, but these 12 hold a romantic allure for whatever reason. We focused on parks popular in the middle of the century.
Were you lucky enough to visit any of these? Which defunct theme park do you yearn to visit?
Brooklyn, New York (1962–2008)
While the Wonder Wheel and Cyclone roller coaster remain on Coney Island, the rest of the boardwalk park known as Astroland is in the past. The park opened themed around the space race with rockets and white paint galore. We'd love to munch a hot dog in the darkness of Dante's Inferno.
Image: AP Photo / Joe Tabacca
2. Benson's Wild Animal Park
Hudson, New Hampshire (1924–1987)
Colossus the Gorilla, a 500-pound beast, lived in this New England zoo from the '60s through the '80s. The ape once entered the presidential primary race. There were also lions, llamas and bears, oh my.
Image: New Hampshire Chronicle
3. Cypress Gardens
Winter Haven, Florida (1936–2009)
Florida is theme park central, but Cypress Gardens was billed as the first in the state. Thousands of flowers filled the picturesque park, while dazzling water skiers zipped over the ponds and lakes. The King of Jordan and Elvis both visited. Today, little bricks outnumber buds, as the site is Legoland.
4. Idora Park
Youngstown, Ohio (1899-1984)
Built in the city of industrial hub Youngstown, Idora was another of those classic, pioneering American amusement parks. JFK campaigned in the giant ballroom and both Glen Miller and the Eagles played there. The wooden Wild Cat coaster was a masterpiece.
Image: Postcard Roundup
5. Palisades Amusement Park
Cliffside Park / Fort Lee, New Jersey (1898–1971)
Written by Gong Show host Chuck Barris, the song "Palisades Park" was a smash in 1962. "I took a ride on the shoopty shoop / The girl I sat with almost, almost puked." Bruce Springsteen covered it, naturally. Overlooking the Hudson River, Palisades was one of the classic American theme parks. Condominiums sit there now.
Image: Wikimedia Commons
Wichita, Kansas (1949–2006)
The animatronic Louie the Clown played a Wurlitzer organ, and kids lined up to enter the "Whacky Shack," a dark ride. The wooden roller coaster built by the Philadelphia Toboggan Co. at the park's opening, known for years as simply "Roller Coaster," hit 50 mph and became one the last lap-bar wooden coasters in the country.
Image: Wikimedia Commons
Opening one year before Disneyland, Marineland was one of Southern California's biggest attractions of the midcentury. Years later, it would be owned by cartoon giant Hanna-Barberra. The killer whales Orky and Corky earned fame. Perhaps you remember the splashy oceanarium from episodes of The Beverly Hillbillies, Wonder Woman and Emergency?
8. Petticoat Junction Amusement Park
Panama City Beach, Florida (1963–1984)
Yes, it was indeed named after the 1960s sitcom Petticoat Junction. Accordingly, there was a train to ride and even a replica of the Shady Rest Hotel. The sign above the start proclaimed the Tornado to be the nation's fastest coaster. We not sure how true that was, but it was probably quicker than the Hooterville Cannonball.
Image: Flickr / stevesobczuk
9. Ponderosa Ranch Amusement Park
Incline Village, Nevada (1967–2004)
Another park based on a TV show, Ponderosa Ranch sat near Lake Tahoe, where the fictional western took place. After entering the park and being "robbed" by "bandits", guests could pan for gold or take in a wild west show. Food included Hoss Burgers. There were even tombstones for Cartwright family members, which is admittedly a bit depressing for a theme park.
Image: Moonshine Ink
10. Riverview Park
Chicago, Illinois (1904–1967)
Even those who live in Chicago are surprised to learn there was once a big amusement park smack in the middle of the North Side, just a bit west of Wrigleyville on the Chicago River. The breathtaking coaster The Bobs lured thrill-seekers, reaching a speed of 50 mph. The massive visage of Aladdin on the front of the Aladdin's Castle funhouse was hard to miss from the street.
Image: Pinball News
11. Rockaways' Playland
Queens, New York (1902–1982)
"We can hitch a ride to Rockaway Beach…" Another summer hub for New Yorkers was this waterfront attraction. The "Atom Smasher" coaster sounds particularly exciting.
Image: Baumwoll Archives
12. Santa Claus Land
Santa Claus, Indiana (1946–1984)
The park opened its gates on August 3, 1946. It was the world's first amusement park to have an overriding theme. Visitors would not find roller coasters on day one. Instead, there was a toy shop, a choo choo, a restaurant and Santa, of course. Eventually, a deer paddock and a Jeep-go-round were added. Admission was free until 1955. It remains in some form. Today, it is part of Holiday World. Read more about the fascinating piece of Americana. | <urn:uuid:5cedc87e-122b-4618-8e79-098867a1f1d0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.metv.com/lists/12-bygone-amusement-parks-we-want-to-visit-again | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.943462 | 1,309 | 1.8125 | 2 |
PHILADELPHIA, Pa. (Ivanhoe Newswire) --More than half a million people are living with advanced heart failure for those who can't manage it with medication, a heart transplant is their only option. Now, doctors may have found an alternative for some patients. A heart pump designed to keep patients alive until transplant, could actually help heal the heart itself-no transplant needed!
Mornings spent together for Barbara and Walter Harsche are truly a gift. Three years ago, Walter was diagnosed with congestive heart failure and was told he needed a heart transplant.
"The thought of losing him was just horrible for me, really horrible," Barbara told Ivanhoe.
To support him when his body was in shock from heart failure, Walter's doctor implanted a pump known as the LVAD-a left ventricular assist device.
"I was all set to go if the phone call came," Walter told Ivanhoe.
But in the midst of waiting for a new heart, his own heart began to get stronger.
So Walter enrolled in a first-of-its-kind trial at University of Pennsylvania testing the LVAD as a bridge to recovery-a way to heal the heart so it can beat once again on its own.
"The patient is walking around doing what they want to," Dr. Eduardo Rame, Director of Mechanical Circulatory Support, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, told Ivanhoe.
Patients' enlarged hearts begin to shrink on the device and slowly begin to heal.
Studies in Europe show after explant most patients are free from heart failure for more than two years.
"We're not talking about life with a heart on crutches. We're talking about a life lived well," Dr. Rame said.
Walter was on the device seven months. Now, two years later his heart, like his marriage, is going strong.
Dr. Rame says the LVAD is used in most patients for between six and nine months to strengthen the heart and then patients are slowly weaned off the device until explant.
Using the LVAD as a bridge to recovery is for the 50 percent of heart failure patients whose heart failure is not related to a heart attack or severe coronary artery disease.
Copyright Copyright 2014 Nexstar Broadcasting, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. | <urn:uuid:270a9056-859b-4628-afae-a1d6712831bd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wearegreenbay.com/health-watch/healthwatchhealing-hearts-without-a-transplant | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00022-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962898 | 497 | 2.203125 | 2 |
Aristotle has just finished discussing how a difference in names indicates a difference in meaning. Now he will continue talking about the second tool by explaining how some differences in kind are obvious. He does this in Topics, Book 1.
In some cases there is no discrepancy of any sort in the names used, but a difference of kind is at once obvious: e.g. in the case of clear and obscure- for sound is called clear and obscure, just as colour is too. As regards the names, then, there is no discrepancy, but the difference in kind is at once obvious- for colour is not called clear in a like way to sound. This is plain also through sensation- for of things that are the same in kind we have the same sense, whereas we do not judge clearness by the same sense in the case of sound and of colour, but in the latter case we judge by sight, in the former by hearing. Likewise also with sharp and dull in regard to flavours and bodies: here in the latter case we judge by touch, but in the former by taste. For here again there is no discrepancy in the names used, in the case either of the original terms or of their contraries- for the contrary of sharp in either case is dull.
In some cases we cannot tell whether or not there is a difference in meaning by the names because the word and the contrary have only one name each. However, in some cases, the difference in meaning is obvious because there is a difference in kind. For example, the words clear and obscure can be applied to both sound and color. We know that clear sound and clear color do not mean the same things. This is even more obvious when we consider things. Sounds and colors are sensed by different senses, and if the words meant the same thing we would use the same sense to sense them. This is also true with the words sharp and dull. Sharp flavors are sensed with our taste buds, but sharp objects are sensed using touch. The contraries are still the same, but it is obvious that there is a difference in meaning.
Next, Aristotle discusses the presence of contraries as a way of determining difference in meaning. | <urn:uuid:2c92e8ea-9247-4957-81c5-3bbb088024ed> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://simplyphilosophy.org/study/aristotles-difference-kind/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.974932 | 445 | 3.78125 | 4 |
One of 2012’s top meteor events peaks the night of April 21/22. Although the Lyrid shower doesn’t get as much recognition as many summer and autumn showers do, it often puts on nice display. In a good year, observers can expect to see up to 20 “shooting stars” per hour — an average of one every three minutes — at the Lyrids’ peak.
And conditions should be close to perfect this year. New Moon arrives April 21, so our satellite won’t shed any extraneous light into the sky. The Moon’s presence often hinders meteor viewing by drowning out fainter streaks. For the same reason, the best views of the shower will come from observing sites far from the lights of any city.
Senior Editor Michael Bakich of Astronomy magazine loves watching meteor showers. “It has to be one of the easiest, most relaxing forms of entertainment available to backyard skygazers,” he says. “There’s no need for a telescope because optical aid narrows your field of view, and you want to take in as much sky as possible. And best of all, you can observe the spectacle while lying down. Who could ask for more?”
You’ll likely want to watch the sky for an hour or more, so comfort is key. Bring along warm clothes and a blanket. Even if evening temperatures are comfortable, you won’t be active and can get cold in a hurry. Have some hot coffee, tea, or soup to ward off the chill. Plan to recline in a lawn chair or lie down on an air mattress. Sitting up straight or standing for long periods will wear you down.
The Lyrids begin as tiny specks of dust that hit Earth’s atmosphere at 109,600 mph (176,400 km/h), vaporizing from friction with the air and leaving behind the streaks of light we call meteors. The meteors appear to emanate from the constellation Lyra the Harp, near the bright star Vega, which rises in late evening and passes nearly overhead shortly before dawn.
For the best views before midnight, look straight overhead. As dawn approaches, look about two-thirds of the way from the horizon toward the zenith in any direction. But don’t get tunnel vision staring at one location. Let your eyes wander, and peripheral vision can pick up meteors you otherwise might not see. Another no-no — don’t stare directly at the radiant. Although all of a shower’s meteors appear to emanate from this spot, any meteor you see there will be just a point of light. All other things being equal, the farther away from the radiant a meteor streaks, the longer its trail will be.
- The dust particles that create Lyrid meteors were born in an obscure comet known as C/1861 G1 (Thatcher). This object orbits the Sun once every 415 years, the longest period of any meteor-producing comet.
- Although 109,600 mph (176,400 km/h) may seem fast, Lyrid meteors are slower than those in many other annual showers. The Leonids of November top the charts, hitting our atmosphere at 159,000 mph (256,000 km/h).
- Although most shower meteors meet their demise high in Earth’s atmosphere, at altitudes between 50 and 70 miles (85 and 115 kilometers), a few bigger particles survive to within 12 miles (20 km) of the surface. These typically produce “fireballs” that glow as bright as or brighter than Venus. | <urn:uuid:556ca6ef-dd37-4c9c-837a-1cf009ad653e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://astronomy.com/news-observing/news/2012/04/april%20dark%20skies%20promise%20a%20bevy%20of%20shooting%20stars | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00100-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.918984 | 758 | 2.765625 | 3 |
1 Answer | Add Yours
Author intent has been criticized and analyzed for many centuries. For some, the intent of the author is very important. For others, the intent of the author is nullified given the reader's response is found to be far more important. In regards to understanding an author's intent behind a work, the author, him or herself, would have to be questioned as to why they wrote the piece in the first place.
That said, the intent of the author is typically inferred. This happens by the reader responding to the text. The reader can ask him or herself about the meaning of the poem, how the poem makes them feel, and the emotions elicited in the poem.
Mbuyiseni Oswald Mtshali's poem, "The Abandoned Bundle," tells the story of the speaker's interaction with a pack of dogs who have mutilated and killed a baby. The mother, relieved of her burden, walks away
her face glittering with innocence
her heart as pure as untrampled dew.
Therefore, Mtshali's intent may be to show the reader the horrors of life. He may also be wishing to depict the harsh reality of life where the poem takes place (South Africa--assumed given the poet's nationality and citizenship). Mtshali may also want the readers to understand the necessity of loss and acceptance (in regards to the lives of mothers who cannot care for their children).
In the end, the poet's intent can be based upon how a reader reads into the poem's action. Some may believe that Mtshali is wanting to shock the reader. Others may believe his intent is to show the reality of life.
We’ve answered 319,180 questions. We can answer yours, too.Ask a question | <urn:uuid:e83383f3-7be4-47f3-9041-e5a3b46be46c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-intention-poet-with-poem-an-abandoned-bundle-345244 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00014-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965658 | 368 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Well, I have a simple test. Read this:
It has ... become increasingly apparent that physical "reality", no less than social "reality", is at bottom a social and linguistic construct; that scientific "knowledge", far from being objective, reflects and encodes the dominant ideologies and power relations of the culture that produced it; that the truth claims of science are inherently theory-laden and self-referential; and consequently, that the discourse of the scientific community, for all its undeniable value, cannot assert a privileged epistemological status with respect to counter-hegemonic narratives emanating from dissident or marginalized communities.
But all this is only a first step: the fundamental goal of any emancipatory movement must be to demystify and democratize the production of scientific knowledge, to break down the artificial barriers that separate "scientists" from "the public". Realistically, this task must start with the younger generation, through a profound reform of the educational system. The teaching of science and mathematics must be purged of its authoritarian and elitist characteristics, and the content of these subjects enriched by incorporating the insights of the feminist, queer, multiculturalist and ecological critiques.
Finally, the content of any science is profoundly constrained by the language within which its discourses are formulated; and mainstream Western physical science has, since Galileo, been formulated in the language of mathematics. But whose mathematics? The question is a fundamental one, for, as Aronowitz has observed, "neither logic nor mathematics escapes the 'contamination' of the social." And as feminist thinkers have repeatedly pointed out, in the present culture this contamination is overwhelmingly capitalist, patriarchal and militaristic: "mathematics is portrayed as a woman whose nature desires to be the conquered Other." Thus, a liberatory science cannot be complete without a profound revision of the canon of mathematics. As yet no such emancipatory mathematics exists, and we can only speculate upon its eventual content. We can see hints of it in the multidimensional and nonlinear logic of fuzzy systems theory; but this approach is still heavily marked by its origins in the crisis of late-capitalist production relations. Catastrophe theory, with its dialectical emphases on smoothness/discontinuity and metamorphosis/unfolding, will indubitably play a major role in the future mathematics; but much theoretical work remains to be done before this approach can become a concrete tool of progressive political praxis.
If you laughed, you're a scientist.
This dates back to 1996, apparently, though this is the first I've heard of it (hey, I can't know everything). The above quotes are from a paper written by the physicist Alan Sokal in order to demonstrate that postmodern humanities academics, when they talk about science, talk utter bollocks. He submitted the piece for publication by Social Text, the editors failed to spot an extremely obvious piss-take, and published it, proving his point. Ha!
Anyway, in a roundabout sort of a way, this brings us back to my earlier post about how to pass the Turing Test:
It has always been assumed that the way to pass the Turing Test was to develop an astoundingly clever computer. Turns out that it can be done far more quickly and easily by raising an entire generation of astoundingly stupid humans with no grasp of grammar or coherence.
I now realise that there's yet another way of doing it: encourage a clique of self-congratulating academics who are highly intelligent and have a perfectly good grasp of grammar and coherence, who cynically use their intelligence specifically to eradicate coherence from their own writings. Here's the random Postmodernism Generator:
"Society is part of the failure of truth," says Lacan; however, according to Hanfkopf , it is not so much society that is part of the failure of truth, but rather the defining characteristic, and subsequent paradigm, of society. Thus, many theories concerning neocapitalist feminism may be revealed. Marx promotes the use of expressionism to deconstruct capitalism.
It could be said that the premise of Marxist capitalism suggests that consensus comes from the collective unconscious. The subject is interpolated into a neocultural dematerialism that includes culture as a reality.
If one examines expressionism, one is faced with a choice: either reject neocapitalist feminism or conclude that reality, surprisingly, has objective value. However, if expressionism holds, we have to choose between Derridaist reading and dialectic subtextual theory. The subject is contextualised into a expressionism that includes art as a whole.
Can you tell the difference between that and the real thing?
(But, then, what is "real"? And is it right for us to impose our concept of "difference", thus privileging some ideas over other, equally valid, concepts? Surely, elevating one set of essays as having an objective reality denies other essays their own internal realities, thus denoting them as the Other and oppressing their inherent challenge to the cultural hegemony of those who monopolise the discourse of "reality". OK; I'll stop now.) | <urn:uuid:ccec6dc8-1390-4a87-aba4-06c64ad0252e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blog.squandertwo.net/2004/11/are-you-scientist.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00528-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946739 | 1,057 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Athena press. (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942 | View Entire Issue (May 7, 1926)
AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER
F. B. BOYD. Owner and Publisher
Cne copy, one year $2.00
One copy, six months $1.00
One copy, three months 75
Athena, Oregon May 7 1926
STORY OF A TAXPAYER
The case has been discovered of
an Oregon man who paid taxes
upon money in the bank. He is dead
and the disclosure of his rare virtue
was made posthumously. He lived at
The Dalles and his name was Stras
ser. He was a gardner. He was fru
gal and thrifty and saved a little of
what he earned as he went along. In
all his relations with other men, so
far as there is record, Strasser was
honest. He rendered unto Caesar
the due that was Caesar's the tax
that he rightfully owed. He render
ed unto his God that which he be
lieved was due; right cpnduct, No
man, of however exalted station, can
The Dalles Chronicle tells, upon
the occasion of Strasser's passing,
the story of his conduct in life. At
one time, it relates, when Strasser
had a respectable sized deposit in
one of the banks the tax rate was
39 mills. The interest rate was 4
per cent. Strasser declared to the
assessor his deposit in full, thereby
reducing his net interest income to 1
mill, and when a friend told him he
was acting foolishly, he answered
simply: "It is the law. I shall al
ways do it." Probably Strasser did
not admire the law more than the
most of us do. But what he sought
was to do what he believed to be
There will be cynics who will say
of the Chronicle's chronicle ,and of
the comment on it which has already
appeared in. the Albany Democrat
and of what is written here, that it
is all posed mawkishness. Just fio
same it is a good little story for
folks to read. And the Chroniclo'3
summation is very good and quite
worth while. It is this:
"Lessons are not always learned
from lives of world-famous people.
Perhaps this little story of a reticent
gardner, honest in his own right and
heeding his conscience rather than
human greed, may reach some mind
hanging in the balance between tw.i
decisions and influence it to declare,
probably not money in the bank for
taxation but the right course to pur
frowned upon the ancient habit of
clasping hands, we are told. The
reason in this case is not that it
wastes time in business, but that It
is unsanitary. Possibily it is, in
COMMUNITY SMALL BOYS
SHOW UNUSUAL ENTERPRISE
Seattle is considering a proposal
to pay 50 cents a pint for earwigs.
Earwigs are insects that play hob
with vegetable growth, and let us
hope that they never invade Athena
Why lay stress on the purchase of
an automobile geared to do 90 miles
an hour, when you haven't money to
buy a race track speed limit on
Oregon highways is but 30 miles an
Ice in the Yukon has broken up,
and now you can paddle your little
canoe up and down the river until
she freezes up again, about July
This session of Congress is notable
for what it does not do, for the bills
it does not pass, for the work it
All the candidates we have met so
far, appear to be just common, hu
manly, human beings. Tha's all!
Jim Montague says, "the one good
thing about the Charleston is that
very few people can learn it."
If you haven't paid your taxes,
your are delinquent.
WHAT'S THE MATTER?
In her announcement card, printed
in last week's edition of the Athena
Press, Bettyo F. Dellart, present
deputy in the county treasurer's of
fice and republican candidate for that
oflice, says "Three years experience.
One year full charge of office." Then
in this week's edition of the Press
will be found the announcement of C.
K. Cranston, republican candidate
for county treasurer, also, and Mr.
Cranston says in his announcement,
"If elected, will run the oflice with
out asking the court for a full time
deputy. Will not accept paid deputy
ship in any other county oflice."
What tha ? While there is an in
ference in the above declarations of
these two republican candidates
there is marked omission in con
nection. We had supposed Herman
Dellart, county treasurer, was func
tioning as such.
For the first time the world is
witnessing the whole industrial fa
bric of a great nation on strike, a
colossal strike that has tied up the
arteries of trade completely, a strike
thnt has the world wide sympathy
and if need be, the support, of in
ternational federated labor. Brit
ain's labor conditions have been go
ing from bad to worse until the cris
is has readied a point in the present
situation where there is a possibility
of civil warfare resulting unless n
compromise settlement is reached
It is up to Chicago to show the
world whether gangsters only, haw
license to use machine guns in the
windy city. Killing off a district
i-ttorney in a crowded thoroughfare
gives a thrilling blend to gangster
sictivitirs, and lends lustre to Chica
go's customary killings.
The rain came in plenty time to be
of benefit to Umatilla county's grow
ing crops, and this time it did not
wait for the Westen Pioneers' Pic
nic, which is scheduled to take place
June 4th and 5th.
Somewhere in the United States h
a farm which has been owned and
fanned by direct descendants of the
ime family for a longer period than
any other farm, but its exact loca
tion still remains unsettled.
Nation's Business affirms that ;
buyer for n Chicago department
store has posted a sign that reads
"No Handshaking." His contention
is that commercial handshaking is an
impediment to the serious business
of buying. Soviet Russia has abo
British Submarine Plans Stolen
London. Plans and photographs of
the latest secret submarine devices
are believed to have been stolen from
Portsmouth clock yard
Statement of ownership, manage
ment, etc., required by the act of
Congress of August 24, 1912, of the
Athena Press, published weekly at
Athena, Oregon for April 1, 1926.
Publisher, editor, managing editor
nnd owner, F. B. Boyd of Athena,
Known bondholders or mortgagee,
none. F. B. BOYD.
Subscribed and sworn to before
me this 1st day of May, 1926.
B. B. RICHARDS
Notary public for Oregon. My
commission expires Mar. 11, 1929.
At this season of the year the la'
borial proclivities of the average
small ' boy is somewhat dormant.
therefore the recent sudden enter
prise of so many of our future presi
dents has caused no little comment.
Mother has not had to call Willie
the second time to run errands for
some days past, and Dad has been
agreeably surprised to find the kindl
ing split and neatly piled in the wood
box upon his return home in the
The reason for this metamorpho
sis ? Far be it from us to betray
the secrets of any of our young
friends but our idea is just this:
Just a few days ago a genial gentle
man, by name P. C. Franklin, invad
ed our fair city with a brigade of bill
poster men, who have decorated ev
ery available inch of wall space with
the' announcement of the advent of
William J. Harvall's mammoth tent
ed "Uncle Tom's Cabin" company.
The company will exhibit at Athena
for the evening performance only on
Friday May 7, 8 p. m.
Pleasant memories of our first vis
it to this time honored drama float
back to us and we ourselves are
waiting impatiently the coming of
the lovely little Eva, gentle old
Uncle Tom, the funny lawyer Marks,
the wicked Topsy and all other old
favorites. Mr. Franklin assures us
that the company is the most perfect
that Mr. Harvall has been aWe to as
semble in all his twenty-one years
experience in presenting this play.
No detail will be omitted here. He
claims that whatever successful
management can devise or money
purchase are combined in this, the
cast complete of all traveling tented
organizations. On account of the
tremendous seating capacity the
management has placed the price of
admission within the reach of all,
25c for children and 50c for adults.
FATAL AUTO ACCIDENT
Mrs. Ellis G. Brower of Pendleton,
was instantly killed in an automobile
accident near the Frank Curl farm,
south of Athena Sunday evering.
Mrs. Brower was pinned under the
car, which left the road at a turn.
Donald Robinson, also of Pendleton,
driving the car, escaped without ser
ious injury. Mr. Robinson and Mrs.
Brower were preceding others cf an
automobile party en route to ths Ce
cil Curl home, when the accident
Notice is hereby giverf that on Sat
urday the 15th day of May, 1926, at
2:00 o'clock p. m. of said day, at the
Wright Livery Stable in Athena,
Oregon, I will sell at public auction,
to the highest bidder for cash in
hand the following described proper
bay horse with black mane and
tail, weight about 9U0 pounds,
about 5 years old, branded LH
on left shoulder.
One 8 or 9 year old sorrel horse,
weight about 1050 pounds, no
or so many of said horses as may be
necessary to satisfy the claim here
inafter set forth. Said sale to be
made to satisfy a lien claim filed by
H. A. Barrett, claimant against John
Doe Hammond, whose true given
name is unknown to said claimant,
defendant, for the pasturage and
feeding of said horses from the 1st
day of November, 1925, to the 1st
day of April, 1926, in Umatilla Coun
ty, Oregon, the amount of said lien
being $30.00, together with interest
and costs as provided by law. Said
horses being in my possession pur
suant to '"an order to foreclose said
lien endorsed upon a certified copy of
said lien and delivered to me this
30th day of . April 1926.
B. D. TAYLOR,
Constable "Athena District, Uma
tilla County, Oregon. A30M14.
Marcelling Expert Marcelling and
all lines of beauty work. Miss Chan
pelle, Weston, Oregon. Call 292 for
Marcelling Miss May Lanning,
Phone 582. Athena.
For Sale Wheat Hay. Phone
For Sale Household goods. Ap
ply Mrs. H. J. Cunningham.
Piano bargain good students piano
$75. Pendleton Music House Pen
Wanted Stock to pasture, called
for and delivered. $2 per head.
Room for 500 head. Plenty of water.
A. .A. Bergevin, Gibbon, Oregon.
Milton Piano excellent condition
$175 cash. Pendleton Music House.
Slightly used piano at a bargain
cash or terms. Pendleton Music
High Grade Piano Near Athena
will be sold to reliable party at big
saving, $10 monthly will handle. A
real buy, write at once for particu
lars. Tallmah Piano Store, Salem,
in Internal Medicine for the
past fifteen years -
DOES NOT OPERATE
Will be at
Tuesday May 18
Office Hours 10 a. m. to 4 p. m.
One Day Only ...
' No. Charge for Consultation.
Dr. Mellenthin is a regular gradu
ate in medicine and surgery and is
licensed by the state of Oregon. He
does not operate for .chronic appen
dicitis, gall stones, ulcers of stomach,
tonsils or adenoids.
He has to his credit wonderful re
sults in diseases of the stomach, liv
er, bowels, blood, skin, nerves, heart,
kidney, bladder, bed wetting, catarrh,
weak lungs, rheumatism, sciatica,
leg ulcers and rectal ailments.
Below are the names of a few of
his many satisfied patients in Ore
gon. Mrs. W. J. Martin, Moro, high
Mrs. Peter Westburg,' Colton,
Mrs. Halvor Nelson, Chinook,
Martin Jorgesson, Astoria, nerve
Mrs. Chris Hanson, Chinook, Wash
ington, bowel trouble and neuritis.
Mrs James Ellis, Coquille, gall
stones and colitis.
James Suess, Lakeside, . ulcers of
J. R. Jenkins, Silverton, circulatory
Remember the above date, that
consultation on this trip will be free
and that his treatment is different.
Married women must be accompan
ied by their husbands.
Address: 211 Bradbury Building,
Los Angeles, California.
DR. S. F. SHARP
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON
Athena, Oregon ...
DR. W. G. COWAN
PHYSICIAN AND SUR3E0N
Foley's Kidnev Cure
makes kidneys and MjdJer right
lfV 0 RATION-WIDE (T
JJ . INSTITUTION- 11
r DEPARTMENT STORES
A Pump of Extreme Style
Patent with Sauterne Kid
An example of the popular modified Colonial effect
in selected patent leather with sauterne kid under
lay; plain toe and covered Spanish heel. A very
trim model and one of our best values at the moder
ate price of
$5.98 and $4,50
Two new numbers
Our Quality Is a Revelation
To Those Unacquainted
For many years past J. C. Penney Company goods
have been accepted by hundreds of thousands of
people throughout the United States as the stand"
ard for comparison. .
A single visit to our Store wherever it may be
located; in any of the 44 States in which we operate
will quickly dispel such thoughts and claims. It
will establish in your mind beyond a shadow of
doubt, that article for article and, dollar for dollar
more in genuinely reliable and standard quality can
be had than is ordinarily obtainable.
Bear in mind that with the tremendous buying
power for our hundreds of Stores goes a selective
power that assures us the better grades of goods.
H SMI Iffil IffF Wmt ! BBl BBI HWI ! MI MI WMT ! f 1MI MI JBI ! ! Uhl BMI mmi MKT rnur III
THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF ATHENA
' Established 1891.
CAPITAL AND SURPLUS $110,000.00
B. B RICHARDS,
Tharp Bros, old stand, Athena Oreg.
THINK of it! A full
battery Delco'Light for only
$275 f.o.b. Dayton, O.
This new automatic plant
completes the Delco'Light
line of farm electric equip'
ment. And every Delcc
H. J. Cunningham
riant to the largest storage
mattery plant, carries the
iberal guarantee of Delco
Light Company and General
Write or phone and let us
tell you how easy it is for
you to buy a Delco'Light on
the GMAC payment plan.
DELCO'LIGHT COMPANY, SidwiJiur a GMril Motor Corporation, DAYTON, OHIO
DRS.A. D. & R. A. FRENCH
French Optical Parlors
15 E. Main St Phone 653
WALLA WALLA, WASH.
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The Athena Hotel
J. E..FR005IE. PROP,
Courteous Trcctrr.cnt. Clean Beds
Tourists Made Welcome
Special Attention Given
to Home Patrons
Comer Main and Third
SoVYer Ole Man!
Most of his famliy and a Jot of his neighbors
Get their Barber work at Haworth & Harris Shop.
Why not you? We cater to no one in particular,"
every one in general. Agency Troy Laundry. Make
old Rugs like new. Phone 583. ,
Preston-Shaffer Milling Co.
la made in Athena, t Athena labor, in one ol the very bem
equipped mills in the Northwest, of the best selected Bluestem
wheat grown anywhere. Patronize home industry. Vour
grocer sells the famous American Beauty Flour
Merchant Millers & Grain Buyers
Z Athena, Oregon: v-i 5 | <urn:uuid:05fe14af-7839-46c6-82f2-1c9dcbb1d9b7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/lccn/sn96088356/1926-05-07/ed-1/seq-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.896429 | 4,270 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Symantec Goes Under the Hood of Waledac Botnet
From Valentine's Day to Independence Day, pretty much all the holidays this year have had at least one thing in common -- the Waledac botnet.
In a new paper (PDF) and a series of blog posts, Symantec researcher Gilou Tenebro offers a peek into what has made Waledac one of the most active botnets today. The paper and the blog posts take a long look at the botnet's operations, from its bootstrapping and armoring capabilities to its spamming techniques.
At the center of its success is Waledac's peer-to-peer capability, which makes it more resistant to ISP takedowns like the one that crippled Srizbi.
Most botnets still use the traditional command and control model to communicate with their bots -- something that gives them an advantage in ease of management at the cost of resiliency.
"The conventional method has the advantage of speed -- it allows a botmaster to perform a task very quickly," said Gerry Egan, director of Symantec Security Response. "In contrast, the P2P model moves more slowly but makes the botnet more resilient to takedown attempts."
Egan isn't sure how many bots make up Waledac at this point, explaining that its P2P communication makes an exact count difficult. The botnet has grown by infecting users with W32.Waledac, a worm that spreads by sending e-mail containing links to copies of itself. It also opens a backdoor on the compromised computer.
Waledac makes use of fast-flux hosting for its domains, meaning that in a short period of time one Waledac domain can resolve to multiple hosts that can be acting merely as proxies, Tenebro explained on his blog. A fast-flux DNS (Domain Name System) makes it harder to track the source and is apparently one of Waledac's defense mechanisms, he added.
Though its primary goal is to send spam and propagate itself, the Waledac worm also has the ability to download and execute binaries and can pull data from infected machines.
"Waledac is a widespread and effective spam bot that has been enjoying success lately," Tenebro wrote. "Part of this success is due to the time and effort that was put into developing it; indeed, the protocol that Waledac uses to communicate is strongly encrypted. In my next posting I will delve deeper into the technical aspects of Waledac and highlight the lengths that the authors went to [to] protect their work." | <urn:uuid:bdcf2868-68df-4be9-84fd-fa633754e2e8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.eweek.com/security-watch/symantec-goes-under-the-hood-of-waledac-botnet.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00227-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96488 | 534 | 2.078125 | 2 |
But there are energetic, and sometimes fierce discussions about just how we should go about doing our work. These discussions often involve the basic statistical methods on which our inferences lie. We've talked about the statistical aspects of life science in numerous past posts. Today, I want to write about an aspect that relates to notions of 'revolution' in science, or what Kuhn called paradigm shifts. What follows is my own view, not necessarily that of anybody else (including the late Kuhn).
For many if not most aspects of modern science, we express basic truths mathematically in terms of some parameters. These include values such as Newton's gravitational constant and any number of basically fixed values for atomic properties and interactions. Such parameters of Nature are not known with perfect precision, but they are assumed to have some universally fixed value, which is estimated by various methods. The better the method or data, the closer the estimate is held to be, relative to the true value. Good science is assumed to approach such values asymptotically, even if we can never reach that value without any error or misestimation.
This is not the same as showing that the value is 'true', or that the underlying theory that asserts there is such a value is true. Most statistical tests evaluate data relative to some assumed truth or property of truth, or some optimizing criterion given our assumptions about what's going on, but many scientists think that viewing results this way is a conceptual mistake. They argue that our knowledge leads only to some degree of confidence, a subjective feeling, about an interpretation of Nature. Using approaches generally referred to as 'Bayesian', it's argued that all we can really do is refine our choice of properties of nature that we have most confidence in. They rarely use the terms 'belief' or 'faith' in the preferred explanation, because 'confidence' carries a stronger sense of an acceptance that can be systematically changed. The difference between Bayesian approaches and purely subjective hunches about Nature is that Bayesian approaches have a rigorous and in that sense highly objective format.
This comes from a famous rearrangement of a basic fact of probabilities, credited to Thomas Bayes. It is a rearrangement of basic laws of probability, and it goes like this:
p(Hypothesis|Evidence) = p(Evidence|Hypothesis) p(Hypothesis) / p(Evidence)
This says that the probability of some Hypothesis we may be interested in is equal to the probability of that evidence E if the Hypothesis were truly true, times the probability that we have in mind for the Hypothesis, all divided by the overall probability of the Evidence; that is, there must be a lot of ways that the Evidence might arise (or we'd already know our Hypothesis was true!), so you sum up the probaiblity of the data if H is true (weighted by your prior probability that it is, and separately the probability of the data if an alternative to H is true weighted by the probability of its not being true. It's somewhat elusive, but here's an oversimplified example:
Suppose we believe that a coin is fair. But there's a chance that it isn't. In advance of doing any coin-flipping, we might express our lack of knowledge by saying the chance that the coin is fair is, say, 50%, since we have no way to actually know if it is or isn't. But now we flip the coin some number of times. If it's fair, the probability of it coming up Heads equals 50%, or p(H) = 0.5 per flip. But suppose we observe 60% Heads. A fair coin could yield such results and we can calculate the probability of that happening. But an unfair coin could also generate such a result.
For simplicity, let's say we observe HHHTT. For a fair coin, with p(H) = 1/2, the probability of this result is (1/2)(1/2)(1/2)(1/2)(1/2)(1/2) = 0.0312, but if the coin is unfair in a way that yields 60% Heads, the probability of this result is (0.6)(0.6)(0.6)(0.4)(0.4) = 0.035. Using the formula above, the probability that the coin is fair actually drops from 50% to about 31%: we're less confident about the coin's fairness. If we kept flipping and getting such results, that value would continue dropping, as we became less confident that it's fair and increasingly confident that its true probability of Heads was 0.6 instead of 0.5. We might also ask if the probability of it being fair is, say, zero, or 1/8, or 0.122467--that is, we can test any value between zero (no chance it's fair) to 1.0 (completely sure it's fair).
The basic idea is that we have some prior reason, or probability (p(H)) that the Hypothesis is true and we gather some new Evidence to evaluate that probability, and we adjust it in light of the new Evidence. The adjusted value is called the posterior (to the new data) probability of the Hypothesis, and Bayes' theorem provides a way to make that adjustment. Since we assume that something must be true, Bayes' formula provides a systematic way to change what we believe about competing explanations. That is, our prior probability is less than 1.0 (certainty of our Hypothesis) which implies that there are other hypotheses that might be true instead. The use of Bayes' theorem adjusts our confidence in our specified Hypothesis, but doesn't say or show that it is true. Advocates of a Bayesian approach argue that this is the reality we must accept, and that Bayesian approaches tell us how to get a best estimate based on current knowledge. It's always possible that we're not approaching truth in any absolute sense.
A key aspect of the Bayesian view of knowledge is that the explanation is about the probability of the data arising if our preferred explanation is true, accepting that it might or might not be. It assigns quantitative criteria for alternative explanations whose relative probability can be expressed--that is, the set of possible hypotheses each have a probability (a value between zero and 1), and their sum exhausts all possibilities (just as Heads and Tails exhaust the possible flip outcomes, or a coin must either be fair or not-fair).
OK, OK so what does this have to do with scientific 'revolutions'?
The basic idea of Bayesian analysis is that it provides a technically rigorous way to express subjective confidence in a scientific context. It provides a means to use increasing amounts of data to adjust the level of confidence we assign to competing hypotheses, and identify the Hypothesis that we prefer.
This is a good way to express confidence rather than a yes-no illusion of ultimate truth, and has found widespread use. However, its use does depend on whether the various aspects of experiments and hypothesis can adequately be expressed in probabilistic terms that accurately reflect how the real world is--and, for example, important causal components may be missing, or the range of possibilities may not be expressible in terms of probability distributions.
I am by no means an expert, but a leading proponent of Bayesian approaches, the late ET Jaynes, said this in his classical text on the subject (Probability Theory, Cambridge Press, 2003):
Before Bayesian methods can be used, a problem must be developed beyond the 'exploratory phase' to the point where he it has enough structure to determine all the needed apparatus (a model, sample space, hypothesis space prior probabilities, sampling distribution).This captures the relevant point for me here, in the context of the idea of scientific revolutions or paradigm shifts. I acknowledge that in my personal view, and this is about philosophy of inference, such terms should be used only for what is perhaps their original reference, the major and stunning changes like the Darwinian revolution, and not the more pedestrian applications of everyday scientific life that are nonetheless casually referred to as revolutions.
These issues are (hotly) debated, but I feel we should make a distinction between scientific refinement and scientific revolutions. To me, Bayesian analysis is a systematic way to refine a numerical estimate of the relative probability of an idea about Nature compared to other ideas that could be correct. The prior probability of the best of these alternatives should asymptotically with increased amounts of data (as schematically shown in the figure below), unless something's wrong with the conceptualization of the problem. I think this is conceptually very different from having a given scientific 'paradigm' replace another with which it is incommensurable.
Where it's useful, Bayesian analysis is about altered ideas among what are clearly commensurable hypotheses--based on different values of the same parameters. Usually, the alternative hypotheses are not very different, in fact, so that for example, a coin has some bias in its probability of Heads, ranging from no-chance to fair (50%) to inevitable; but assuming such things as that the flips are all done the same way and the results generated by flipping are probabilistic by nature.
In my view, Bayesian analysis is a good way to work through issues within a given theoretical framework, or paradigm, and it has many strong and persuasive advocates. But is not a way to achieve a scientific revolution nor does it reflect one. Sometimes the idea is used rather casually, as if formal Bayesian analysis can adjudicate between truly incomparable ideas; there, to me, we simply must rely on our subjective evaluations. One can't, of course, predict when or even whether a truly revolutionary change--a paradigm shift, if you will--will occur, or even if such is needed.
Ptolemaic epicycles added accuracy to the predictions of planetary motion, at the price of being cumbersome. One could have applied Bayesian analysis to the problem at the time, had the method been available. The Copernican revolution changed the basic structure of the underlying notion of what was going on. One might perhaps construct Bayesian analysis that would evaluate the differences by somehow expressing planetary positions in probabilistic terms in both systems and allow one to pick a preference, but I think this would be rather forced--and, most importantly, a post hoc way to evaluate things (that is, only after we have both models to compare). In fact, in this case one wouldn't really say one view was true and the other not--they are different ways of describing the same motions of bodies moving around in space relative to each other, and the decision of how to model that is essentially one of mathematical convenience.
I think the situation is much clearer in biology. Creationist ideas about when and where species were created or how they related to each other in terms of what was called the Great Chain of Being, could have been adjusted by Bayesian approaches as, for example, the dates of fossils being discovered could refine estimates of when God created the species involved. But Bayesian analysis is inappropriate for deciding whether creationism or evolution is the best hypothesis for accounting for life's diversity in the first place. The choice in both approaches would be a subjective one, but without artificial contortions the two hypotheses are not probabilistic alternatives in a very meaningful sense. That's what incommensurability, which applies in this case I think, implies. You can't very meaningfully assign a 'probability' to whether creationism or evolution is true, even if the evidence is overwhelmingly in favor of the latter.
These posts express my view of the subject of scientific theory, after decades of working in science during periods of huge changes in knowledge and technology. I don't think that scientific revolutions are changes in prior probabilities, even if they may reflect them, but are more and different from that. From this viewpoint, advocates for Bayesian analysis in genomics are refining, but not challenging the basic explanatory framework at all. One often hears talk of paradigm shifts and use of similar 'revolution' rhetoric, but basically what is happening is just scaling up our current "normal science", because we know how to do that, not necessarily because it's a satisfactory paradigm about life. And there are many reasons why that is what people normally do, more or less as Kuhn described. I don't think our basic understanding of the logic of evolution or genetics has changed since I was a graduate student decades ago, even if our definition of a gene, or modes of gene frequency change, or our understanding of mechanisms have been augmented in major ways.
It is of course possible that our current theory of, say genomic causes of disease, is truly true, and what we need to do is refine its precision. This is, after all, what the great Big Data advocacy asserts: we are on the right track and if you just give us more and more DNA sequence data we'll get there, at least asymptotically. Some advocate Bayesian approaches to this task, while others use a variety of different statistical criteria for making inferences.
Is this attitude right for what we know of genomics and evolution? Or is there reason to think that current "normal science" is pushing up against a limit and only a true conceptual revolution, one essentially incommensurate with, or not expressible in the terms of, our current models? In past posts, we've suggested numerous reasons why we think current modes of thought are inadequate.
It's all too easy to speak of scientific revolutions (or to claim, with excitement, that one is in the midst of creating one if only s/he can have bigger grants, which is in fact how this is usually expressed). It's much harder to find the path to a real conceptual revolution. | <urn:uuid:12fb2042-9618-4641-8652-262d57ba049e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://ecodevoevo.blogspot.com/2014/09/what-are-scientific-revolutions-part-ii.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720972.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00251-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952673 | 2,854 | 2.484375 | 2 |
7 Mins Read
By: Dana Drugmand
Petroleum products continue to fuel most of our vehicles while fouling our air, leaving some people more vulnerable to suffering severe impacts from respiratory illnesses like COVID-19. Transportation is also the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions in the U.S., and studies show that powering our cars, trucks, and buses with electricity would reduce climate pollution.
With the oil industry suffering what is probably its worst year in history, and the window of time for tackling the climate crisis narrowing, could this be the best and last chance the world has to push the accelerator on electrifying transportation?
The Decade of the Electric Vehicle
The market for electric vehicles (EV) has grown rapidly over the last 10 years as battery costs have declined and new vehicle models and public charging stations have emerged. The average cost of the lithium-ion battery (per kilowatt-hour) has fallen 85 percent since 2010 and further reductions in battery costs are expected.
According to the International Energy Agency, the number of charging stations worldwide in 2018 was estimated at 5.2 million, an increase of 44 percent over the previous year. The U.S. had 1.1 million electric vehicles on the road at the end of 2018 and globally there were over 5 million. By the end of 2019, there were nearly 1.5 million electric vehicles on U.S. roads.
EV market analysts project this growth to continue, with the 2020s considered to be the “decade of the electric vehicle.” According to BloombergNEF’s 2019 Electric Vehicle Outlook, global passenger EV sales are expected to climb to 10 million in 2025 and 28 million by 2030. EVs are also expected to reach cost parity and become cheaper than gas-powered cars by the mid-to-late 2020s.
“Our conclusions are stark for fossil fuel use in road transport. Electrification will still take time because the global fleet changes over slowly but, once it gets rolling in the 2020s, it starts to spread to many other areas of road transport,” said Colin McKerracher, head of advanced transport for BloombergNEF.
Some recent headlines suggest a gloomy outlook for EVs in the context of the coronavirus pandemic, based off a Wood Mackenzie analysis projecting a 43 percent drop in global EV sales this year. But that same analysis also included this statement: “As challenging as it is, the coronavirus is an anomalous event. It may stall the electrification of the transport industry, but the direction of travel remains unchanged — the fight against climate change is still very much on.”
In other words, the economic downturn will likely see a dampening of the EV market in the short term but the electrification trend will continue.
“There will be near-term impacts on volumes in 2020–2023 that will reduce the ability of automakers to spread capital investments, but if China and EU markets recover and regulations remain largely unchanged for 2025 in those markets we should see a ramp-up in volumes, continued progress in reducing battery prices, and other improvements in material cost with the next-generation EV platforms set to launch in the early 2020’s,” McKinsey & Company’s Patrick Hertzke explained.
If one thing is clear, it is that the automotive industry appears steered towards an all-electric future regardless of any immediate impact from the pandemic.
“Our EV portfolio including the GMC Hummer EV, Cadillac Lyriq, Cruise Origin and our Ultium battery program will see little or no impact,” a General Motors spokesperson said via email. “We’re not wavering on our vision of an all-electric future.”
Levers of Support
The electrification of vehicles appears inevitable, and indeed is already underway. Government policies can help support and quicken this transition. Experts say this policy support is critical in order to meet climate targets and to help ensure the auto industry stays profitable and competitive as society decarbonizes.
“Governments have strong incentives to reduce CO2 levels, improve air quality in cities, and drive job growth,” Hertzke said. “To avoid a hard landing for the auto industry and its workers from a profitability perspective, there are many things governments can do to ease the transition to more sustainable transport. Even in response to the COVID-19 crisis there are levers to pull including vehicle scrappage programs that promote faster turnover of older vehicles with a switch to BEV [batter electric] and PHEV [plug-in hybrid electric] vehicles, ‘green stimulus’ programs that direct government funds toward charging infrastructure build out, and extension of consumer subsidies for EV purchases.”
Cash incentives, support to expand charging infrastructure, and vehicle turnover programs could be integrated into economic stimulus packages or the longer-term recovery process from the pandemic.
“Part of the economic recovery can be to create incentives within the economic stimulus to support electrification,” said Ben Prochazka, national director of the Electrification Coalition, which advocates for electrifying transportation and reducing dependence on oil. “The opportunity to reduce transportation emissions is something we should be prioritizing.”
The EV federal tax credit, Prochazka said, is a “critically important tool.” The credit for consumers who buy or lease an EV in the U.S. is up to $7,500, though it phases out when auto manufacturers sell over 200,000 qualifying electric vehicles. Tesla and General Motors have both reached this cap.
Some lawmakers have proposed bills to extend the tax credit and raise the cap, but President Trump and conservative think tanks with ties to Koch funding have opposed these proposals. General Motors has supported extending the federal tax credit, and a company spokesperson said when the “time is appropriate” GM will continue to advocate for it. “The EV tax credit provides a proven pathway to establish the U.S. as a leader in electrification, helping make electric vehicles more accessible for all customers,” the spokesperson said.
Creating the charging infrastructure necessary for electric vehicles is essential to advancing the electrification transition. At the federal level, a bipartisan transportation bill introduced last year included up to $1 billion to fund EV charging infrastructure. Another bill introduced in February by Democratic Representatives Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Andy Levin calls for developing a national network of electric vehicle charging stations within five years.
“Establishing a nation-wide network of electric vehicles charging stations helps us reduce emissions, creates good paying jobs, and will help transition the U.S. economy to a cleaner future,” Ocasio-Cortez said in a press release announcing the EV Freedom Act.
States, municipalities, and electric utilities are undertaking investments and initiatives to expand EV charging. According to a National Governors Association white paper, 35 states are using their Volkswagen Settlement funds’ maximum allocation (15 percent) for EV charging projects. Cities are starting to pass EV Ready ordinances, which require a percentage of residential and commercial spaces to support EV charging. And electric utilities can play a role by investing in the charging infrastructure.
Another policy proposal that would help boost EV charging, stimulate clean car manufacturing, and incentivize consumer EV purchasing is Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer’s (D-NY) Clean Cars for America initiative introduced last fall. The proposal borrows from the previous Cash for Clunkers stimulus measure, providing Americans with a cash voucher to trade in an old gasoline-powered car for a qualifying electric or plug-in hybrid vehicle. It also would establish a grant program for states and localities to expand charging infrastructure as well as offer “robust incentives” for manufacturers to build or renovate factories to produce the clean vehicles.
According to a press release on the proposal, the plan would “result in 63 million fewer carbon-emitting cars” and create an estimated tens of thousands of good-paying U.S. jobs.
‘Policymakers Need to Make a Choice’
The incumbent fossil fuel industry presents perhaps the most substantial roadblock to making road transportation cleaner. Although there is currently an opportunity to include electric vehicle policies and other green measures in economic recovery efforts, the political allies of oil and gas interests seem unlikely to embrace these measures.
The Trump administration has used this time of crisis to dole out favors to the faltering oil companies, such as granting a request from the American Petroleum Institute to temporarily ease environmental reporting and compliance requirements, and is examining the possibilities of opening up funds or facilitating access to lending programs under coronavirus economic relief efforts.
President Trump even convened an in-person meeting with oil executives earlier this month. That meeting occurred just days after his administration released a final rule weakening clean car standards, a rollback that solely benefits the petroleum industry.
“The fossil fuel industry is trying to stop a transition to cleaner transportation at every turn, from the Koch-funded effort to halt or eliminate the EV tax credit to pushing the Trump administration to roll back fuel economy and emissions standards,” said Don Anair, research and deputy director for the Clean Vehicles Program at the Union of Concerned Scientists. “Policymakers need to make a choice, invest in the fossil fuel industries of the 20th century, or invest in the technologies and industries that will position the U.S. for growth in the global economy of the 21st century?”
Ultimately, EV advocates suggest, it is a choice between lining the pockets of oil executives, or promoting American economic leadership while protecting national security, public health, and the climate.
“Electrification of our transportation sector improves our economic security,” the Electrification Coalition’s Ben Prochazka added. “It reduces our dependence on oil, which has huge geopolitical influences. An EV is the only vehicle on the road that will get cleaner over time as our electricity sector gets cleaner … At the end of the day, EVs offer a lot more solutions than a gas car ever can.”
This story was originally published in DeSmog and is republished here as part of Covering Climate Now, a global journalism collaboration strengthening coverage of the climate story.
Lead image courtesy of iStock. | <urn:uuid:85e040ee-ad27-4225-9518-03162ce6bbcd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.greenqueen.com.hk/amid-historic-oil-collapse-an-opportunity-to-accelerate-clean-transportation-ccnow/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.942872 | 2,116 | 3.171875 | 3 |
We've all thought at some point things like "if only everyone thought like me the world would be a better place!", I'd like to propose that if everyone read this book then the world would be a better place.
That isn't to say that Steven Pinker has solved the worlds problems, far from it, The Better Angels of Our Nature gives us an analysis of the history of violence; from the rate of wars, battle deaths, murder, torture, rape, etc, and the reasons (or potential reasons) for their declines (though it has not been a steady one).
The book pulls no punches in describing various acts of violence, it is not for the faint of heart, but we are not talking about gratuitous descriptions of violence here, it's hard to sugar-coat breaking on the wheel for example. The fact that it's intuitive to recoil in horror at many of the practices that were once commonplace is in itself indicative.
Violence can often be an emotive subject, and most of the objections I have had to deal with when discussing this topic tend to get clouded in personal anecdotes and an inability to consider the vast span of historical time that Pinker has analysed. The first thing to realise upon being faced with statistics on death and violence is not to take anything away from what is still happening today, terrible things still happen and always will, but the world as a whole is less terrible than it was. One also has to remember that behind every number is a life taken too early or inhumanly abused, families robbed of loved ones via spear, machete, bullets, explosions and methods of torture that one can scarcely comprehend. For some of these victims, death must have been a relief.
A further objection I have dealt with is that people claim that the data are simply wrong and that the nature of statistics can show anything (although it's also curious to note that the people I have spoken to have not read the book nor have any interest in doing so), but Pinker is very analytical of the data itself and gives full disclosure of the sources (there are 200 pages of notes and sources). Some people claim that battle deaths in recent wars today are not fully reported (though death in war is just one form of violence analysed in the booked). Even if that were the case they seem to be willfully ignorant of the fact that reported battle deaths will be prone to errors in all wars and not just those of today, but more importantly the number of unreported battle deaths would have to be so high (to compete with past atrocities) it would be a conspiracy greater than a faked moon landing or government involvement in 9/11.
One has to zoom out a little bit (or a lot, in some cases) and look at the big picture, while it's tempting to consider the 20th century as the most violent of all time, this table (reproduced from the book) paints a different picture of histories bloodiest events by recalibrating the death toll to 20th century population equivalents (so they can be compared fairly):
Death toll (20C equivalent)**
|1||Second world war||20th||55 million||55M||9|
|2||Mao Zedong (mostly government-caused famine)||20th||40M||40M||11|
|4||An Lushan revolt||8th||36m||429m||1|
|5||Fall of the Ming dynasty||17th||25m||112m||4|
|7||Annihilation of the American Indians||15th-19th||20m||92m||7|
|9||Middle East slave trade||7th-19th||18m||132m||3|
|10||Atlantic slave trade||15th-19th||18m||83m||8|
|12||British India (mostly preventable famine)||19th||17m||35m||12|
|13||First world war||20th||15m||15m||16|
|14||Russian civil war||20th||9m||9m||20|
|15||Fall of Rome||3rd-5th||8m||105m||5|
|16||Congo Free State||19th-20th||8m||12m||18|
|17||Thirty years' war||17th||7m||32m||13|
|18||Russia's “time of troubles”||16th-17th||5m||23m||14|
|20||Chinese civil war||20th||3m||3m||21|
|21||French wars of religion||16th||3m||14m||17|
|*Median/mode of figures cited in encyclopaedias or histories. Includes battlefield and civilian deaths|
|**Deaths were calculated against global population at time, then scaled up to mid-20th century level|
When we see that World War 2 barely scrapes into the top 10, it's cause for contemplation. Few people tend to take stock of the fact that European countries tended to initiate two or three wars per year leading up to 20th century (a brief glance at wiki's list of conflicts in Europe gives the scroll button a sprinting start but a strolling end) . We have had an unprecedented peace since WW2 by comparison, which is known as "the long peace".
The world is not a perfect place, and violence is part of human nature (though so are inclinations towards peace, it would seem), but by studying the trends of history, our psychology and having a greater understanding of what indicators influence violence, we can concentrate on what "works" and what doesn't. While violence may well go up in the future, I can't see a situation in a developed society where many of the victories of the rights revolution (in terms of race, gender, etc, etc) are going to be unwon, it's unthinkable that segregation will come back or that women will have their right to vote taken away, these are humanistic victories that we now take for granted. Not to mention the abolition of slavery, witch-hunts (60,000-100,000 Witches were killed over history thanks to biblical instruction) Let's be grateful for the gigantic strides that have been made in most societies.
As a more humorous analogy, I consider what Louis CK says here, Everything's Amazing and Nobody is Happy:
Of course, not everything IS amazing, there are still horrific acts of violence happening every day, but things are better. As Pinker says in this interview, "My first edict as global overlord would be to impose the following rule on pundits: No one may bemoan a decay, decline, or degeneration without providing (1) a measure of the way the world is today; (2) a measure of the way the world was at some point in the past; (3) a demonstration that (1) is worse than (2)."
What is amazing, is The Better Angels of Our Nature. | <urn:uuid:9ba99ee3-3523-4c3c-accd-8cddb42a04c5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://someothersuckersparade.blogspot.com/2012_08_01_archive.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00004-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94882 | 1,464 | 1.703125 | 2 |
For the boy band — Nick, Joe and Kevin Jonas, and their younger brother Frankie — it will be their first feature film.
Variety reports that the movie, based on the bestselling series of books by William Kotzwinkle and Glenn Murray, will begin shooting next spring.
While his brothers play music, Frankie and the gaseous hound get involved in a plot that involves liberating a koi fish and thwarting jewel thieves.
Posted by John Woestendiek October 29th, 2008 under Muttsblog.
Tags: bestelling, book, childrens book, flatulence, frankie, joe jonas, jonas brothers, kevin jonas, kotzwinkle, movie, nick jonas, variety, walter, walter the farting dog
Debbie Dalton’s Chihuahua is buzzing — and she has no idea why.
Frankie emits what sounds like high-pitched radio signals from his ears, the Associated Press reports.
Dalton’s home in Geneva, Ohio has eleven dogs, but Frankie, she says, stands out from the others, something she realized a couple of months ago.
“Frankie’s walking along the back of the sofa and I got closer and closer and I said ‘Oh my goodness …it’s the dog that’s buzzing.'”
Dalton says the noise doesn’t seem to bother Frankie, and it helps her when she loses track of Frankie outside. All she has to do is listen.
Her vet has no idea what the problem is, says Dalton, who’d like to see it solved.
“(When) he’s sleeping facing me, I have to move because i can hardly hear the TV.”
Posted by John Woestendiek October 17th, 2008 under Muttsblog.
Tags: buzzing, chihuahua, dog, dogs, ears, frankie, geneva, high-pitched sound, news, ohio, pets, radio signal, strange, unusual | <urn:uuid:e5b73b64-fabe-4fe2-b9aa-078cfc82bb7d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ohmidog.com/tag/frankie/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00355-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.92629 | 440 | 1.539063 | 2 |
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