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There are many people available to help you with problems ranging from lockers that are jammed to serious crisis. Try to find at least one adult you are comfortable talking to whether it is the principal, a teacher, counselor, security or custodian, to answer questions. Remember when seeking help from someone in the office:
- Unless it’s an emergency, get a pass from your teacher before you come to the office or visit the office during lunch.
- Enter only from the main door and sign in at the counter when you enter, and sign out when you leave.
Administrative Assistant is in the main office and can help you with sports paperwork.
Administrators are the Principal and Assistant Principal who can be contacted through the office to assist students with any safety or serious issues.
Attendance Secretary is at the front Welcome Desk, when entering the building. The Attendance Secretary can help with all attendance issues and guide you to other help.
Counselors are here to help you. Use the Request to See Counselor forms available at either office counter, ask a teacher for a pass, or drop by during lunch. Do not wait for a counselor unless you have an appointment. Except in emergencies, you must have a pass to see a counselor.
Custodial staff is available to assist you with many things; however, we are very limited in the number of custodians that we have on hand. If a locker is stuck or needs repair our custodian is the person that does it. Our custodians can also assist if you need help cleaning up a spill. Students can notify a custodian directly or let Security, your teachers, Administrators or the front desk know what is needed. Custodians are NOT here, and do not have time, to pick up after you - please help us keep our building to look spectacular by disposing of your trash and assisting others.
Financial Data Control Clerk (FDCC) is the person who deals with all money transactions. If you need to pay for something or have a problem with the vending machines, see the FDCC.
Mediation - Many student issues can be resolved through mediation. In this process the individuals come together and meet with one of the Administrators, counselor or a trusted staff member to work through conflicts and find solutions. If there is a situation you need assistance in solving, come to the office to talk to someone as soon as possible. We are here to help!
Safety/Security are here to help students with any security issues you may have. They also keep track of who served detentions, by grade level, so ask them if you have questions.
STAFF I can go to if I Need HELP!
- Clark Middle School staff really cares about me
- Clark Middle School staff who are happy to see me when I return from an absence.
- Clark Middle School staff makes time for me. | <urn:uuid:d29b7fcf-19ab-4025-95df-66bcb5562c4e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.asdk12.org/domain/4520 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.955376 | 616 | 1.859375 | 2 |
Global CO2 Emissions to Hit Record High After Record Low in 2009
Worldwide carbon emissions sank to their lowest levels since 1999 last year, due to the global economic recession. Emissions dipped 1.3%, which is actually a smaller decline than many experts had anticipated. And alas, the respite is to be short lived: 2010 is already on track to break new world records for carbon emissions. The dip in carbon emissions is mostly attributed to two major factors: People didn't travel by car or airplane as much, and a number of factories were shut down or stopped production due to stunted demand. In the US, for example, emissions dropped a full 7% in 2009, according to the Department of Energy -- part of that was due to some improvement in energy efficiency and clean energy deployment.
But a report from Nature Geoscience shows that worldwide, it was all about the economy. The AP explains:
In 2009, the world spewed nearly 34 billion tons (about 31 billion metric tons) of carbon dioxide. That's a drop of 453 million tons from the previous year - what the U.S. emits in about 26 days.Developed economies like the US and those in Europe were most impacted by the recession, in terms of carbon output -- meanwhile China, India, and South Korea all increased carbon output in 2009. In fact, China's emissions increased by a massive 8% last year, and India's ballooned by 6.2%.
The last time carbon dioxide pollution dropped worldwide was in 1999 and this was the biggest decrease since 1992, according to records by the Energy Department's Oak Ridge National Lab. Despite last year's improvement, worldwide carbon emissions have increased by 25 percent since the year 2000. Carbon pollution is probably already rising this year, the study authors said, and likely to set yet a record in 2010.
Now, as more developed economies crawl out of the recession, they'll add to the emissions spouted by the developing world. Barring another recession, we can expect every subsequent year going forward to continue to break worldwide emissions records, as was the trend prior to the market crash of 2008. And, it should be noted, carbon concentration continued to climb, even in 2009, when total emissions faltered -- it now sits at a record 387 parts per million (ppm) in the atmosphere. Remember, the pre-industrial world enjoyed a climate with a carbon concentration of 280 ppm.
As such, we're seeing some of the warmest years in the temperature record. The 00s were the hottest decade on record -- and 2010 could very well turn out to be the downright hottest year. The hottest average temperature ever recorded globally, and record-breaking emission levels worldwide, and record atmospheric carbon concentration? The same year? What a coincidence!
These two paradoxical years -- a 10 year low in carbon emissions one, and record-breaking output the next -- speak volumes about the nature of the global carbon-intensive economy. It demonstrates, yet again, how tightly carbon emissions are tethered to economic growth in the current development model. And it helps make the case, yet again, that we need to make major strides to bring emission levels down in industrialized economies (especially the US) and urgently rethink the development model -- which is, as of now, standard -- that relies on dirty fuels like coal to power growing economies.
More on Global Carbon Emissions
Global Carbon Market Grew to $136 Billion in 2009
53% of Global Carbon Emissions Come From the Developing World
Global Carbon Dioxide Emissions Fell in 2009, But Swift Action Is Still Needed | <urn:uuid:3b90cb25-2a53-4e04-8c28-e658027d8888> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.treehugger.com/corporate-responsibility/global-co2-emissions-to-hit-record-high-after-record-low-in-2009.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00188-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950951 | 732 | 3.015625 | 3 |
I never in a million years even thought about making my own olives. In fact, never wondered how they made it into the jars.
On page 12 of A Taste of Utica CNYEats.com Cookbook is the recipe for how to make your own Green Olives. Plan on taking a month and a half or more to prepare your olives. This is how I got started….
I had no idea where to look locally for tree fresh olives, so I went online to Great Olives.com. I bought 1 box of Jumbo Green Sevillano olives. That was a LOT of olives.
This first photo was taken after 1 day of curing.
- 1 Large Canning Kettle
- 1 box of olives (18 – 20 lbs)..(my box was about 11 lbs)
- Pickling Jars
Crack or split olives with a mallet. Cover with water and 1 cup of salt and let soak for 10 days. Change the water daily and add 1 cup of salt every time you change the water. You will see the olives change color over time.
This photo was taken after 5 days of curing.
After 10 days, drain and rinse the olives. Clean the kettle. Place olives back into the kettle and sprinkle with salt, chopped garlic, oregano and mix well.
Sanitize your pickling jars and lids. Fill jars with olives. Add water to fill the jars. Add 1 tsp. of salt to each jar. Seal the jars and let stand 1 month before using.
These are my jars with the olives, sliced pickling onions and garlic cloves.
The longer they are allowed to sit, the better they will taste.
READY TO SERVE!
Drain the water from the jar and rinse the olives.
See how the color has changed to …what else..Olive Green?
Fill again with water and drain. Place in a deep dish. Add oil and vinegar and salt if needed to taste. I added chunks of sharp Provolone cheese to some of my jars one week before eating.
Now enjoy your labors.
Since there are so many jars of olives, I made Green Olive Tapenade: Tapenade comes from the word “tapeno” meaning caper. I included sun dried tomatoes and we use it on bread or crackers. It’s super to add on pizza or spread on other main dishes.
- 1 cup Homemade Green olives (slice and pit).
- 2 garlic cloves, minced
- 3 TBS capers, chopped
- 1/2 tsp lemon zest
- 1/2 tsp Italian Seasoning
- pepper to taste
- 2 TBS lemon juice
- 1/4 cup chopped sun dried tomatoes in oil
In a food processor, add the olives, garlic, capers, lemon zest , sun dried tomatoes and seasoning. Process to a chunky paste. Remove to a serving bowl and add pepper and lemon juice. Add more oil if wanted (about 1 to 2 TBS).
We have so many jars of olives. We will be able to see how much the flavor improves over time.
A neat idea around Christmas time would be to offer food gift baskets. Guess what MINE will contain????
UPDATE: See my comment in the list of comments regarding CURING BLACK OLIVES. | <urn:uuid:b904640a-47e7-41d1-87c5-b2228fe1c8a6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.applecrumbles.com/2009/11/01/italian-homemade-green-olives/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00365-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.910066 | 711 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Is Ulcerative Colitis Genetic
Researchers are still learning about what exactly causes UC. Studies of the human genome show that there is a genetic component to the disease, meaning some hereditary risk factors can increase the chance of developing UC. However, there is still a lot to learn about the specific genes involved and how they affect the pathogenesis of UC.
Although there is a genetic component to colitis, environmental risk factors seem to have a much bigger impact on the development of UC.
I Have Heard That Fiber Is Good For Ulcerative Colitis What Does Onpoint Say
We encourage you to eat a medium/high fiber diet when you are not experiencing a flare up. A high fiber diet is almost always encouraged in all adults, part of maintaining a healthy gut as well
If you decide to increase your fiber intake, increase it gradually, even if you are not having GI or IBD issues presently
You may find a âLow Residueâ approach helpful. We have seen it work well for some people
Increase or be aware of hydration and fluid intake. Try to drink at least 64 oz of water per day
Some studies show that a higher fiber diet can improve IBD conditions
A Twocomponent Hypothesis For Pathogenesis Of Ulcerative Colitis
This hypothesis was proposed based on experimental studies showing that intestinal microorganisms in severe ulcerative colitis are pathogenic, as evidenced by allergic and immunological reactions, proved by agglutination and skin tests.47 Similar results were obtained in other intestinal diseases, which point to the existence of a nonspecific inflammation owing to intestinal microorganisms acquiring pathogenicity. Such a process may be superimposed on primary lesions of various origins, including that in the disease inappropriately termed ulcerative colitis.
The potential weakness of this hypothesis might be the experience that patients with severe ulcerative colitis do not need antibiotics for treatment. By using this hypothesis, it is also difficult to explain the abrupt line of demarcation between normal and inflamed mucosa of the colon seen in patients with ulcerative colitis.
In view of this hypothesis, and to avoid incorrectness in and ambiguity of the term ulcerative colitis, the term idiopatic proctocolitis was proposed for the disease entity.51,53,56 This term covers both the mild haemorrhagic and the severe ulcerative form of the disease, and aptly states its main characteristicsnamely, the constitutional character and predilection for association of the rectum.
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Box : Abnormalities Of Epithelial Cells In Ulcerative Colitis
- Deficient oxidation
- Abnormal permeability of the cell membrane
- Abnormal mucus composition
- Abnormal cellular responses to stress
- Inability to use butyratestarving colonocytes
- Polymorphisms in the tolllike receptor gene
- Deficiency of both defensins and cathelicidins
An understanding of the role of indigenous bacteria in promoting the development of healthy mucosal barrier function brings new light to the fundamental causes of ulcerative colitis. Manipulation of the intestinal microbial flora, by use of probiotics or antibiotics, may be to be a new and promising therapeutic modality in the near future.
Spoon Up Some Applesauce
Applesauce may be good for an ulcerative colitis diet, according to the University of Wisconsin Health. However, while apples are rich in vitamins and minerals like potassium, their high fiber content can make them difficult to digest, especially during a flare-up, says the Foundation. Go for unsweetened applesauce, or make your own by peeling and cooking apples . Flavor it with your own mix of spices just be sure to skip the sugar.
Recommended Reading: What Should You Eat When You Have Ulcerative Colitis
Genotype Of Top Hit Snp At Hla Loci Showed Significant Association With The Probability Of Colectomy
Using GWAS subjects, we analyzed the associations between the 8 top SNPs identified in GWAS and 3 clinical phenotypes: age at diagnosis, disease extension, and history of total colectomy. No SNPs were associated with age at diagnosis or disease extension. Only HLA loci were significantly associated with history of total colectomy . Based on these findings, we performed further analysis of associations between the genotype of rs117506082 and the probability of total colectomy using the Kaplan-Meier method with follow-up data for 30 years after diagnosis. The characteristics of UC patients in this analysis are shown in Supplementary Table S3. Although the difference was not significant , age at diagnosis tended to be earlier in patients with the GG genotype than in patients with the GA or AA genotype . There were significant differences in disease location between the GG and GA+AA genotypes , and patients with the GG genotype tended to have limited disease extension. We found that patients with the GG genotype rs117506082 at the HLA loci did not undergo colectomy, and those with the GG genotype had a significantly lower probability of total colectomy than patients with the GA or AA genotype of rs117506082 .
Colectomy-free probability stratified by genotypes of rs117506082 using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Role Of Epithelial Cells
Over the past two decades, many abnormalities have been described in the epithelial cells of patients with ulcerative colitis . This, conceptually, is based on the anatomical distribution of inflammation, which in the case of ulcerative colitis is associated predominantly with the rectum. Why such abnormalities are seen in patients with ulcerative colitis still remains elusive. The question is whether luminal factors, autoimmunity or a genetic basis is the major contributor to the aetiology of ulcerative colitis, or whether some combination of any or all of them accounts for the development of the disease.19,20
Figure 1Schematic view of the current concept of the aetiopathogenesis of ulcerative colitis and inflammatory bowel disease. Genetic susceptibility, bacterial antigens and disturbed mucosal immune response are the major factors of intestinal inflammation. Modifying factors may further serve as triggers or suppressors of the inflammation. HLA, human leucocyte antigen IFN, interferon IL, interleukin MDR1, multridrug resistance gene 1 NF, nuclear factor TNF, tumour necrosis factor UC, ulcerative colitis.
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The Heredity Implications Of Pregnancy With Ibd
If you or a relative has Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, you might wonder what role family history plays in IBD, especially when it comes to having children of your own. We’re here to help you understand how IBD can be passed down through families, so you can be informed as you prepare for the road ahead.
Of course, talking with a doctor who specializes in the treatment of IBD in pregnancy is the best way to understand your specific situation, but you can get more IBD information by exploring the questions and answers below.
Treatment Of Ulcerative Colitis
Part 8 of Is ulcerative colitis genetic?
There is no cure for the condition, but medications and lifestyle changes can help treat the symptoms and improve quality of life. Medications are generally prescribed based on the severity of the disease and often have to be tailored to the individual patient.
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Proper Nutrition Is Important For People Who Have Ulcerative Colitis
Good nutrition is important for everyone, but even more so if you have an inflammatory bowel disease . When you have ulcerative colitis , it can be difficult to figure out what to eat which foods contain the valuable nutrients your body needs without putting you at risk for a flare up.
Proper nutrition can improve response to medication, reduce risk for flares, and improve recovery time when sick, says Kelly Issokson, RD, a clinical dietitian with the Nutrition and Integrative IBD Program at Cedars-Sinai in Los Angeles.
Healthy eating becomes especially difficult with UC when youre on the move, and who isnt these days?
To help keep you on the path to eating well, here are 13 dietitian recommended snacks for people with UC.
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Hygiene And Old Friends Hypotheses
A high frequency of ulcerative colitis in the industrialised countries supports the idea that environmental factors have a dominant role in its aetiopathogenesis. The hygiene hypothesis states that in raising children, an extremely clean environment negatively affects the development of the immune system and, thus, predisposes them to immunologically driven diseases, such as allergy or ulcerative colitis. An important role is assigned to the helminths, because until modern times, most children were colonised by them early in life. Helminths regulate the host’s immune system and prevent an excessive inflammatory reaction.57
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Foods That May Fight Uc
Some research shows that certain nutrients may help fight the irritation and swelling in your gut caused by UC. Scientists have studied how linoleic acid affects people with the condition. Although everyone needs this âgoodâ fat, donât overdo it, since there is some evidence it may play a role in inflammation if you get too much.
Other studies show that an omega-3 fatty acid called EPA may fight inflammation. This is another âgoodâ fat that blocks certain chemicals in your body called leukotrienes. Fish oil is a good source of EPA. In some studies, folks with UC saw some benefits when they took high doses. Many people, though, didnât like the fishy taste. There is also some evidence that adding fish oil to aminosalicylates may be helpful, but this isnât proven. DHA is another omega-3 found in fish oil that can fight inflammation and is used by some people with UC.
Some research also shows that yogurt with gut-healthy bacteria, called probiotics, eases inflammation. Scientists are still studying how they may help people with UC and similar conditions. Some people also believe that a diet low in FODMAPs â a type of highly-fermentable carbs found in meats, fruits, dairy, and lots of other foods â may help ease UC symptoms. But the evidence is unclear if it does. And without close monitoring, any diet that restricts certain foods may lead to poor nutrition and other problems.
What Foods Should I Not Eat When I Am Having An Ulcerative Colitis Flare
Certain foods can exacerbate or aggravate an UC flare and should be avoided. They are more likely to trigger cramping, bloating, and/or diarrhea and are also not recommended in people diagnosed with a stricture, which is a narrowing of the intestine caused by inflammation or scar tissue, or in those who have had recent surgery. Examples include:
- Foods high in insoluble fiber that are hard to digest, such as seeds, raw green vegetables , whole nuts, whole grains, or fruits with a skin
- Lactose, which is milk sugar found in dairy products, milk, cream, cream cheese, and soft cheeses
- Non-absorbable sugars such as sorbitol, mannitol, and other sugar alcohols that are typically found in sugar-free gum, candy, ice cream, and certain types of fruits and juices such as pear, peach, and prune juice
- Sugary foods such as candy, pastries, and juices
- High-fat foods such as butter or margarine, coconut oil, or fatty, fried, or greasy food
- Spicy foods
- Alcohol such as beer, wine, or spirits
- Caffeinated drinks such as coffee or energy drinks
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Our Bodies & Inflammation
Our bodies are amazing machines. Yes, I call them machines. They have the power to detoxify and fix small problems all on their own. However, sometimes we need to give it a little helping hand. Thats where nutrition comes into play!
Inflammation can also be caused by saturated fats. Think greasy food, pizza, cheeses etc. The best way to diminish this inflammation in the body is through consumption of omega 3 also know as a Healthy Fat. Omega 3 has anti-inflammatory properties that work on decreasing inflammation of fat tissues.
But that is enough of the science. While antioxidants and healthy fats are naturally occurring in the body, it is important to include them in your diet as well to assist your body!
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Foods To Eat During An Ulcerative Colitis Flare
Avoiding certain foods is only half the battle. Heres how to get the nutrients you need during an ulcerative colitis flare.
If you have ulcerative colitis, you may already know which foods worsen your flares. But figuring out what to include in your diet is equally important, because the right foods will provide you with key nutrients without aggravating your symptoms.
Most experts recommend that you limit your fiber intake when youre having an ulcerative colitis flare. A general rule is to replace high-fiber foods, such as nuts, seeds, and raw fruits and vegetables, with more easily digestible fare. Here are eight foods to eat during an ulcerative colitis flare and the reasons they can help.
1. Applesauce: Since your gastrointestinalsystem is experiencing a lot of irritation during a flare, you may want to stick to soft, easily digestible foods like applesauce. Be sure to choose an unsweetened variety though, because added sugar can cause more inflammation. You can also make your own sugar-free applesauce by cooking peeled, sliced apples with some water and then pureeing the mixture.
3. Cooked vegetables: Soft, cooked veggies like carrots and spinach can provide important nutrients, such as vitamins A and K. Just make sure the vegetablesare thoroughly cooked until they can be mashed with a fork, Szeles says so that any potentially irritating fiber is broken down.
Additional reporting by Nina Wasserman
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What Is The Role Of The Intestine’s Bacterial Contents In Ulcerative Colitis
Some of the similarities between ulcerative colitis and infectious colitides have led many investigators to search for the unidentified microorganism triggering the chronic inflammation in the large bowel. However, until now, no single microbial agent has been associated, unequivocally, with the development of ulcerative colitis. Many arguments exist against an infectious aetiology of ulcerative colitis .5
Over the past few years, we have gained considerable evidence that it is an abnormal mucosal immune reactivity, against enteric bacteria, that is the key event leading to intestinal injury in patients with IBD. Molecular biology techniques have shown that the intestinal space of an adult may contain > 500 different bacterial species some of them exert a protective role, whereas others are aggressive. The number of bacterial strains along the small bowel progressively increases, with the predominance of Gramnegative aerobes. The bacterial population in the large bowel reaches a density of around 1012 microbes per gram of luminal contents. More than 50% of the bacterial strains cannot be cultured under conditions currently available. In adults, the faecal bacterial composition is host specific and stable over time, with small fluctuations of the strains up to 20% .6
What To Eat On An Ulcerative Colitis Diet During A Flare:
Eating during an Ulcerative Colitis flare needs to be approached with caution. When you are in pain, feeling bloated, and just dont feel like eating, choose foods that are easy to digest.
Select refined grains. Refined grains are easier to digest than whole grains. So, select white bread, white rice, and white pasta. Yes, a dietitian is recommending you eat white grains! These foods are sources of B vitamins and Iron.
Choose low fiber vegetables and fruits. Low-fiber vegetables are well cooked or canned veggies, mashed potatoes without the skins, and string beans. Cooking veggies helps to break down the fiber. So, when you are flaring, avoid salads and other dishes with raw vegetables. Also, remove the skin from raw veggies and fruits and avoid produce that has seeds such as strawberries and raspberries. Low-fiber fruits are bananas or cantaloupes. For a nutrient-rich drink, reach for low-sodium vegetable juice.
Use unsaturated fats. Cook with small amounts of heart-healthy unsaturated oils. Try different oils to replace butter or stick margarine. Aim for a fat intake below 35% of your daily calorie intake. A low-fat diet may help to prevent bloating, cramping, and diarrhea.
Reach for calcium-rich foods. For example, low-fat dairy products , canned salmon, and soy products. Oat, soy, or rice drinks enriched with calcium are another option.
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Crohns Disease And The Immune System
A persons immune system usually attacks and kills foreign invaders like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microorganisms. During a normal immune response, cells travel out of the blood to the intestines and produce inflammation. Under normal circumstances, harmless bacteria thats present in the GI tract are protected from an immune system attack.
Extraintestinal Manifestations And Complications
UC is characterized by immune dysregulation and systemic inflammation, which may result in symptoms and complications outside the colon. Commonly affected organs include: eyes, joints, skin, and liver. The frequency of such extraintestinal manifestations has been reported as between 6 and 47%.
UC may affect the mouth. About 8% of individuals with UC develop oral manifestations. The two most common oral manifestations are aphthous stomatitis and angular cheilitis. Aphthous stomatitis is characterized by ulcers in the mouth, which are benign, noncontagious and often recurrent. Angular chelitis is characterized by redness at the corners of the mouth, which may include painful sores or breaks in the skin. Very rarely, benign pustules may occur in the mouth .
UC may affect the eyes. Inflammation may occur in the interior portion of the eye, leading to uveitis and iritis. Uveitis can cause blurred vision and eye pain, especially when exposed to light . Untreated, uveitis can lead to permanent vision loss. Inflammation may also involve the white part of the eye or the overlying connective tissue , causing conditions called scleritis and episcleritis. Uveitis and iritis are more commonly associated with ulcerative colitis, whereas episcleritis is more commonly associated with Crohn’s disease.
Recommended Reading: Nanda Nursing Diagnosis For Ulcerative Colitis | <urn:uuid:92f610a4-6e9d-4791-a497-3cf6a78ec496> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ulcertalk.com/is-ulcerative-colitis-genetically-inherited/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.936658 | 4,038 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Everybody seems to have grasped that the banks are at the core of our problems today. They are too big and too rich. But most would admit that they do not really understand why.
Banks were always a trusted institution, with the local bank manager a figure of probity and respect. Suddenly, they are the villains of the piece.We need to understand why and to do so we have to look at what banks actually do. And then we can see what they have done.
What are Banks for? The biggest problem banks have is that the stuff they hold and lend, namely money, is the same stuff they need to run their own businesses. All other trading businesses hold stock of goods; food, furniture, carpets or clothes, all are held in stock. That stock is represented by a money value on the balance sheet because it can be bought and sold as needed. But with a bank it is money itself that they hold for depositors which is held in stock. That money may be actual cash but is more likely to be some form of paper representing money. The speed at which that paper can be converted back into cash is what we call liquidity.
A large proportion of the deposits held by banks are virtual cash and can be drawn at any time. These deposits earn no interest for the depositor, but can be profitably used by the banks to earn a return. If a depositor is prepared to leave his money in the bank for longer periods then he is paid interest, and the longer the term of deposit the higher the interest paid. Money held ‘at call’ earns nothing and is highly liquid; deposits with an undertaking not to withdraw for a time earn interest. The longer they are left, the higher the interest.
There are two other components of interest payment. If the deposits are very large, even if made for only a short time, maybe just overnight, they will earn interest which can be really significant if the deposit is large enough. The other element is risk. If there is any question of confidence then the depositor will expect an interest premium. This element is of far greater significance when we consider the lending function of the banks.
Banks are financial service institutions. They not only hold deposits, they operate almost all means of processing transactions.
Banks provide us with all the facilities needed to undertake almost any trade. In doing so, they find themselves holding huge amounts of cash from day to day which is, so to speak, in transit. However, that money can also be used, and form part of, the cash ‘stock’ of the bank, as long as there is always enough to meet the next days service activity. On all these services the bank adds a margin or makes charges, for it has to have an income and make a profit out of the business.
Banks uniquely have another sources of income. They are in the business of lending money.
It is what they do, and what they principally charge for. The interest they charge on money they lend to others is always at a higher rate than the interest they pay when they take in deposits, which are, in effect, borrowings.
It is reasoned that the difference represents the costs of the transactions. But since they lend more than they borrow, this margin was always modest and, for a long time, it was the the principle source of income. However, the banks do indeed levy charges for these services as well. As we shall see, the banks actually lend much more than they borrow and this margin, customary as it is, nevertheless represents a source of pure profit.
So, from managing our transactions, taking care of our deposits, and judiciously lending us money, a bank generates income sufficient to meet its overall running costs and to ensure its future and reward its shareholders. But the banks have gone much further.
Banks began as holders of deposits. Originally gold and other precious minerals were lodged for safe keeping because such stuff was inconvenient for everyday trade. Long ago in China the paper receipts for the lodging of such deposits became themselves traceable, and so the first bank notes appeared. But soon these deposit holders realised they could lend money as well, so long as they provided paper proof of the liability. Furthermore, on the grounds that not all depositors would demand their money at once, they knew that they could actually lend more than they had accepted. At first it was only a modest increase on their deposits that was lent. But then a remarkable feature of this process appeared, and this is crucial to our understanding of what banks do.
Every loan made by a bank is an asset. To the borrower it is a debt, but to the bank the borrower has become a creditor and that means the loan is an asset.
This means that the more a bank lends, the more its assets increase. Obviously, this could go on until all that the bank has is loans, but prudence and experience suggest that about eight times deposits are near the limit. That allows for variations in the rate of deposit and withdrawal. But the whole business rests on the trust of the depositors, that they will each be able to withdraw whenever they wish. The loans that every bank make become assets and part of the stock of money held by the bank. In general it is the most illiquid.
Actual cash in the tills is the most liquid and available money stock at full value. Stocks, shares, bonds, specie and real estate are progressively less immediately available forms of money and, if required quickly, incur penalties because they need time to be sold or otherwise realised. It is this availability to convert into a liquid asset which provides financial institutions with another source of profit, by trading the immediacy of liquidity for future gain from a sale. In other words, they charge for the risk that they may not get the full value of the asset. But that hardly ever happens. Inevitably, this activity means they must participate in financial markets. This provided the opening for financial activities and trading on behalf of the banks themselves. Thus, they were able to use the Banks huge cash reserves to deal in all forms of finance.
This ratio between the deposits and the amount of lending is known as the liquidity ratio. As a result, if a bank crisis happens caused by over enthusiastic lending or severe economic downturns, the banks could face a run by depositors. For this reason governments gradually intervened and set legal limitations for liquidity. After the upheavals of the nineteen twenties, a ratio of around 12% was set by many regulators, and in some cases as much as 20%. For many years we could all expect there to be no problem with a reasonable rate of withdrawals, and the banks themselves had quite firm lending criteria.
Then in the 1980’s the mood changed.
The big financial institutions, which had been run by prudent and moralistic men who generally had memories of the chaotic times between the wars, looked to be so stable and trustworthy that they could be less regulated by governments.
It was believed that competition between institutions would replace the restrictions of regulation. The political establishments on both sides of the Atlantic, and especially in London, trusted the bankers to behave prudently and honestly. The whole structure of separate markets with many players should be allowed to function competitively, and make quality financial services available to both private individuals and the business community.
Thus the decade of deregulation under Thatcher in Britain and Reagan in America was ushered in and quite quickly the whole financial sector was deregulated. This has proved to be a big mistake.
The first thing that happened was that the big and powerful banks began to eat up all the rest. In every sector and market the major banks began buying up all the finance and trading houses. They quickly moved into all sectors of financial activity. There were some residual regulation but the game was on, and little was attempted to curb these activities.
Not only did all the lending institutions extend their lending beyond reasonable bounds but also, much worse, they began to use their stocks of money to make money for themselves. They gradually invaded all the other financial activities, which until then had been out of their reach, quite correctly and closely regulated. Far from producing an efficient and equitable financial services sector, the whole thing was Father Christmas time for the directors and owners of the big banks and their friends. Because there are so few banks and so much secrecy about their operations, real competition, as economists understand it, was impossible. From day one the markets were fixed by the participants in their favour.
The banks have come to dominate every kind of financial business and either circumvent, or have modified, the rules governing them.
Trades and documents were redesignated as ‘products’. This gave them a certain respectability, and implied that the city was somehow producing something. Whereas all they were doing was moving money around and taking their share in fees. They began to move beyond the traditional money markets by inventing ‘new products’ which were merely the same familiar instruments repackaged to hide the risks and appear to be a one way street with profit but no loss. Perhaps the most reprehensible development was when they started to gamble on market performance without actually making sales and purchases. In all this they were essentially using the funds which derive from deposits to make profits for their shareholders and, of course, their own management.
The proponents of this huge change away from regulation to competition usually quoted Adam Smith as their mentor. However, they conveniently forgot that he also said that markets were inherently imperfect because a few large players will always meet in secret to fix the market in their favour. And so it has proved. At first, the moves into other financial activities was limited to what were called tactical and strategic moves to enhance the banks activities and provide financial strength. This was so much tosh. They were all empire building. The problem was that they were joined in this by some smaller and over ambitious players as we shall see.
Remember the problem: The stock of assets of a bank is money. But they also account for all their running costs and revenue in money, too.
They reasoned that the huge assets they held in trust for their customers could be used by a bank itself, and used in a variety of ways to make more money for that bank.
This was called optimising collateral. What it simply meant was making extra profits for the banks. This would not have been so bad had the banks reduced their other charges and clipped their interest rate margins. In fact they did the reverse, and argued that they had to allow for the risks in what they were doing, and therefore charged more.
Perhaps the most mendacious behaviour was for the banks to argue that they did it all for the shareholders. There is no doubt that the largest beneficiaries of what emerged were the directors and managers of the banks. Of course they wound up the share price in every case. This made banks a good speculative investment for the fund managers (many of whom worked for the banks, too), but at the same time they were handing themselves shares in their own bank as bonuses. This was a great plan for enhancing personal net worth.
Now we have to consider all those things that the other financial institutions had been doing, and which the banks wanted to take over. This will take a little explaining so, reader, be patient, and pay attention. From very early times the banks realised that they could lend money for trade by taking a charge on the goods being traded. This goes back to Roman times and was always predicated on the fact that spices, minerals and cloth could be purchased far away cheaply, and sold at home for much more, and the difference would profit both the trader and the banker. Money was therefore lent to traders with the goods themselves as the surety for the loan. This simple transaction is the basis of all primary trading, and the many subsections of commodity and goods trading.
When most of the world related values to gold and silver, there was little problem with trading in different countries. But as paper documents, notes of one sort or another, represented specie and then replaced it, financial institutions were needed to handle foreign exchange. Through a network of correspondents and markets, all the currencies of the world became more or less tradeable. There was a whole network of these confirming houses, as they were called, which specialised in trade finance.
As deregulation progressed, the banks moved in, and specialised confirming has disappeared. The banks argued that combining trade finance with foreign exchange trading would be more efficient and cheaper. That has proved wrong in every respect. The banks, meanwhile, have other agendas, and gradually more and more of trade transactions have become speculative. The whole process of supplying trade finance has become intertwined with the operation of commodity markets, which the banks have entered as well.
All kinds of commodities, from pork bellies to diamonds, are traded in organised markets. There are also markets in shipping space and capital goods. All these markets needed the banks to facilitate such sales and purchases by providing almost instant credit and well-organised settlement procedures. In general, the participants jealously guarded such markets and the banks were the servants of the markets.
Here too the banks have bought and bullied their way in. There are hardly any commodity markets that are not dominated by banking subsidiaries. The excuse for this is that the commodities themselves have formed substantial proportions of the banks’ collateral. Above all it is the sheer size of the banks’ financial resources which has enabled them to dominate these markets. The obvious danger here, as in all markets, is that where there are fewer and fewer players, the opportunities to exact maximum profit are increased.
Perhaps the most important and, in the end, crucial role of the banks has been the establishment of values for all forms of assets.
This is, in the first instance, entirely legitimate. After all, they exist to protect their depositors and to profit their shareholders. The single most significant asset, without argument, is real estate. Land and buildings have been the fundamental source of collateral for bank loans for all of their history. The term collateral is widely misused in the present situation. It simply means the consequential substitution of one form of value for another; literally ‘by the side of’ and thus a substitute. For most of us our houses stand as the collateral for our major borrowing. But banks will take any tradeable asset as collateral, including all forms of shares in business, and even businesses themselves.
A pawnbroker will take any valuable item, which may be sold to realise its value as security for a loan. Of course only a proportion of the expected value will be lent, sometimes as little as ten percent. This is accepted as a charge for the risk that the real value cannot be realised. In addition, the pawnbroker will make a charge when the loan is paid and the goods redeemed. At their most cautious, like in the 1960’s, banks behaved much like this. It was almost impossible to get a loan without putting up physical assets to a substantially greater value than the loan. Typically seventy per cent of the net value of a house could stand as collateral for a loan
Gradually the banks have changed. They appreciated that the benefits to be gained from lending and charging interest could offset the risks that an asset would not achieve its full value in disposal. They also saw that property values were rising from year-to-year, and therefore expected to recoup any undervaluing from such increases. They saw incomes increasing, and expected families to be able to repay more substantial loans. They saw the economy expanding, and expected businesses to repay larger loans with added interest. They began to lend higher and higher proportions of value.
While such a development may be understandable when granting business and private loans, when transferred to the house purchase market, it eventually brought the whole edifice down.
The banks have always accepted other forms of collateral such as stocks, shares, and any other form of documentary credit instrument. Again, these have been steadily increasing over the recent past. These have always been traded in usually specialised institutions. The banks moved in here, too, and began to trade themselves using their own and their depositors’ assets. As a result they formed an over optimistic view of value again.
Then there is the whole business of ‘personal loans’ to buy cars and other consumer durables.
This was a highly specialised business because little surety was required other than the particular car or machine purchased, and the incidence of default was frequent. Consequently, the lenders had to become directly involved with sales, and also disposals. All this, and they had a pretty extensive debt collection operation as well. To finance this, a very high interest rate was charged for these services. This business was so widely distributed and of such significance in the consumer driven post war economies, that governments regulated the business very tightly.
At first the banks simply bought the finance houses which had been very profitable. But, as regulation was eased, they incorporated such activities within their main businesses. While finance companies still exist, few are independent. One of the last and biggest, Lombard Finance, went to RBS during its spending spree. The high interest rates are still charged, even though the banks have access to some very sophisticated debt management and bad debts were less frequent.
As well as limits to their cash ratios, banks were forbidden, or actively discouraged, from participating in other financial activities.
With deregulation, however, and given the almost limitless financial resources, the banks could at last enter every kind of financial activity.
They could use the huge stock of assets to engage in any activity they chose. Above all they could ignore the former limits to lending and reduce their liquidity in some cases to only four percent.
The first target was the building societies. Although the banks had been active in providing mortgages, that activity was dominated by mutual building societies. These institutions had been strictly regulated, and had been the repository of huge amounts of small savings, which were then recycled and multiplied as private house mortgages. Being mutual they were relatively cheap, and the profits were handed back to the savers. The system was generally beneficial. Occasionally there were shortages of mortgage funds because liquidity ratios had to be protected but, in general, the huge housing booms of the nineteen thirties and the fifties were successfully financed outside the banking sector.
Once deregulated, under the Lawson chancellorship, the directors of the mutual building societies, actively encouraged by the banks, set out to demutualise and become banks. They argued that such a move would enable them to increase funds for building more houses by using the ‘wholesale’ money markets. This was entirely spurious. There was, at that time, no shortage of funds, and the wholesale market would expect higher returns than the local savers would accept.
One has to ask why, then, did they rush to ‘demutualise’. The answer was that converting to bank liquidity ratios, combined with all the other devices open to banks, this process would release huge funds, some of which were used to bribe the ‘members’, that is, savers and borrowers, who all received generous bonuses. But the real beneficiaries were the directors and their advisers, who took huge ‘fees’ to arrange the process. And guess who owned many of the advising firms? The building societies were stripped.
Once these new banks had been set up, they began to borrow in the money markets, and engage in increasingly reckless lending on the back of a house price boom which their apparently cheap funds were instrumental in causing. They became very profitable and so the proper banks moved in, quickly bought them up, and incorporated them in their businesses. It soon became apparent that these were poisoned medicine with a large number of unsustainable mortgages.
In the expectation of continued rises in the price of houses, mortgage loans of well over one hundred per cent of the house value were granted.
Often, it might be added, to families who had no chance of repaying out of conceivable future income. The whole process was encouraged by governments throughout the eighties and nineties in pursuit of home ownership of ‘affordable’ houses.
The truth is that there is an irreducible proportion of the population that can never afford to buy a house. In Europe this is accepted and humane and financially sensible law and regulation makes renting the preferred option for a large proportion of the population. In Britain we are obsessed with home ownership; an impossible aspiration for many. We also have a tradition of mean landlords and feckless tenants to contend with.
Once absorbed into the banking system, the mortgage business has added to the pollution of banking probity.
To deal with all the problems of insecure loans, banks were encouraged to ‘collateralise’ loans – a practice invented in the U.S. This meant combining bundles of mortgages, good and bad, and then ‘trading’ these mortgages to other financial institutions, usually owned by banks. This not only meant that each bundle had bad debts built in, but the costs of such trading were deducted from the loans. In the end everybody had a party on the proceeds, and the assets lay on the balance sheets at much more than their actual value. This was one major cause of the banking crisis.
In addition to these devices used to provide a basis for trading in the wholesale market money, the new ‘banks’ also indulged in a range of devices, such as off shore trusts, to hide the more risky mortgages. The whole process was founded on the belief that the rise in house prices would go on for ever.
It is a truth seldom acknowledged that most of the embedded wealth of the Western world is there for all of us to see in our buildings.
These are valued far beyond their reasonable worth but they stand as collateral for all our savings. Even now, three years into the banking crisis, their balance sheets have on them a very substantial amount of this dubious debt.
A word here about the Nationwide, which was the only significant mutual building society to survive in Britain: this has gone on from strength to strength in spite of repeated attacks from asset strippers. There is no doubt that the loss of the building societies caused by the deregulation, and then greed of the financial community, has been a great disadvantage to Britain, and is one of the causes of the present housing crisis.
The rules on granting mortgages have now had to be readopted. Borrowers are, once again, required to provide substantial equity, and the investigation of ability to repay has been much increased. One result has been to depress the housing market itself, and that has meant less houses being built, the pathetic measures recently announced by the government notwithstanding. It has also aggravated the problem of toxic debt (bundles of dubious mortgages which will never achieve their cost) the value of which refuses to rise.
Worse was to come from the unregulated bankers. Having realised that they could use their assets in all kinds of interesting and profitable ways, they set about doing so with gusto. The first target was the foreign exchange market. This is the necessary and important function of supporting trade and travel between countries. Trading businesses can settle accounts across the foreign exchanges on a day to day basis but, in many cases, where trade is seasonal or rates are fluctuating, there is a need to buy currency in advance, or at least insure against losses. Of course, many times in history, governments have intervened in such trade by fixing rates and limiting supply. In the end this does not work, as the Chinese are about to discover. But the existence of a world electronic network making it a single market provided endless possibilities for instant profit.
At first, large holders of currency like, for example, airlines, were encouraged by the banks to move money between currencies to gain the best rate of return overnight or week by week. But with the advent of computer driven instant settlement they discovered that they could shift money around at will at any time of night and day. It is now the case that 96% of all foreign currency transactions are purely speculative and has nothing to do with trade. Far from helping to give stability to the exchanges, such activities have meant a market almost permanently in flux. And every transaction means profit for the trader, usually a bank or its subsidiary.
The banks next target was a real winner. We come now to asset management.
In the Western world the largest repository of savings are the pension funds. Almost everyone in the private sector and large proportion of those in public activities contributes to a pension.
This means that every week many billions of pounds of savings go into the pension funds. The pension business is still regulated, but mostly from a taxation and legal point of view, rather than operationally. However, the funds cannot be held in cash but must be invested to realise value and yield a return.
Trustees hold most funds. In many cases these are professional financial managers but, in many cases, they are elected amateurs. So these huge funds are entrusted to asset management companies and, what a surprise, these are often owned by a bank, though sometimes by the pension funds themselves. In many cases these management companies behave honourably and do well for the members, but they still demand and get very substantial fees. More importantly they are given much discretion about how the assets are managed and what is bought and sold.
Where they become major shareholders they have great influence on the direct management of large corporations as well as all kinds of other businesses. And, of course, they are very active in mergers and takeovers, all of which produce eye-watering fees once more for banks, and little profit for shareholders or employees. Given the close involvement with the stock market and the property market, these arms of the banking industry are also able to trade on behalf of the banks themselves very profitably.
There is much more to be said about the involvement of the banks in foreign currency, international trade, and asset management, but enough here to make it clear that all such activity produces no benefit for the general population, and all profits extracted from these financial transactions have to be paid for by either users or savers within the financial system.
Banks were reliable protectors of our money, be it savings or current. They were also providers of loans for business and private consumption. They have been the traditional creators of liquidity, and that means the cash we need to undertake our everyday economic activity. They were prevented from reckless profiteering by strict regulation. Once that was removed on the spurious grounds that the ‘market’ would provide constraints and discipline, the bankers have enriched themselves at our expense. They have become so large and can command such assets that they have not only industrial power, but now even political. They have become too big to fail so that all the usual commercial constraints, which govern the behaviour and policies of companies, no longer apply. They are truly ‘out of control’.
And that brings us to our present crisis, namely the potential default of sovereign debt.
While there are good arguments for blaming the politicians of Europe for the Euro mess, on top of our own domestic debt crisis, there is no doubt that the bankers are also to blame.
It should have been quite clear to all those involved with national finance, as well as the politicians, that the Euro was set up without sufficient discipline and enforcement. It was all the more necessary, given the widely disparate economic performance and stability of the countries concerned.
In the British case, where a central bank exists, the debt crisis in the banking sector was tackled by ‘lending’ them huge amounts of money on top of an already extensive public debt. Instead of simply protecting the depositors, the banks were financed in their entirety. In the end they passed into ineffective public ownership. The government all but owns the two concerned, but exercises no control over their management.
In the case of the poorer members of the Euro family the bankers all took a stance, which would have been familiar to seventeenth century princes. They simply lent the money and pocketed the interest on the assumption that countries do not go bust. The problem is that the money they have lent is ours not theirs. Furthermore, they are not dealing with sovereign countries that control their own currency. The Euro depends on a reliable independent banking system to fund the debts of the seventeen countries. The bankers should have raised interest rates for less reliable governments long ago.
The Euro is probably doomed and all efforts will have to be turned to finding the least damaging way of dismantling it.
In this the bankers owe us all a high degree of cooperation and compensation. Since they have contributed to the mess they must at least protect depositors and savers.
In the meantime the whole business of ‘the markets’ must be ended. The idea that there is a free market in money is nonsense. In the absence of strict national government regulation the bankers cannot be trusted. They are simply too big and powerful to be allowed to continue. A root and branch reconstruction of the whole sector is necessary right now.
I am not a great one at making prescriptions but I would suggest that something along these lines is necessary. Setting up departmental boundaries within banks will not work. We are dealing with a very intelligent and determined community and anything other than strict separation will not work. In the nineteen thirties the American government did not shrink from breaking up the great companies and cartels in America. We should not shrink either.
The five big banks should be broken up and their retail businesses restricted to taking deposits and making business and private loans. Also, their size should be limited. Any new or existing retail bankers must be strictly limited and regulated.
Secondly, new mutual building societies should be established by recreating the specialised regulatory structure of former times. In the meantime the mortgage activities of the big banks must be hived off, sold, mutualised and made subject to tight regulation.
Thirdly, the banks should be forced to sell their asset management operations, which in future should be subject to close regulation. Lastly, all the trading activities of the banks should be hived off or sold to independent trading houses specialising in shares, commodities, transport, currency and so on.
Above all we need a strong financial services authority. An independent commission to supervise the entire financial sector separate from government and the Bank of England with entrenched powers and peopled by men and women with the security of tenure and independence equivalent to high court judges. They must be paid by a levy on the banks but not able ever after to be employed by any bank or financial institution.
The banks should never again become so big that they cannot be allowed to fail nor so big that their business provides its managers with huge rewards. The London financial markets are a most valuable part of the British economy but for them to continue they cannot any longer be run by the thieves and rascals in charges of the big banks.
Incidentally, the problem of sovereign debt needs to be returned to where it used to be with discount houses supervised by the Bank of England. No longer can governments fiscal and monetary policy be subservient to the bond market.
About Richard Graham | <urn:uuid:f907daac-8223-49bd-8a37-d03fc8a34fb6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mythbreaker.co.uk/economics/what-are-banks-for/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.981569 | 6,383 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Behind the waist, there is a piece of red like stretch marks with dandruff. It doesn't hurt or itch. Is it a skin disease?
Looking at the picture, it is considered as growth pattern, also known as expansion pattern. It is the elastic fiber of skin and dermis that is broken. It is common in thighs and waist. It has no impact on health. If it is not for beauty, it does not need treatment. However, growth lines generally do not have dandruff. Fungal infection is generally considered if there is dandruff. It is recommended to go to the hospital for examination and treatment after diagnosis.
If your skin is red like stretch marks and has a temper, the main consideration is caused by fungal infection. First of all, it is recommended that you pay attention to maintaining local skin, not too dry, and then pay attention to topical antifungal drugs.
First of all, from the picture symptoms, the problems caused by growth lines are not ruled out. Of course, it may also be caused by local dermatitis. It is recommended to apply some dermatitis drugs or butyric acid hydrogenated cream first. If it does not subside effectively, retinoic acid cream can be used for treatment. | <urn:uuid:9d1196ca-9b5a-4495-8c23-7a5aa1d6c5e8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.zgxkx.org/question/6985 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.963866 | 273 | 2.109375 | 2 |
American Steam merchant
|Type:||Steam merchant (Liberty)|
|Completed||1942 - Permanente Metals Corp, Richmond CA|
|Owner||Matson Navigation Co, San Francisco CA|
|Date of attack||9 Mar 1943||Nationality: American|
|Fate||Damaged by U-510 (Karl Neitzel)|
|Position||7° 40'N, 52° 07'W - Grid EP 4128|
|Complement||58 (11 dead and 47 survivors).|
|Route||Capetown - Bahia, Brazil - Paramaribo, Dutch Guiana|
|History||Completed in July 1942 |
|Notes on event|
Between 06.04 and 06.11 hours on 9 March 1943, U-510 fired torpedoes during a second attack at the convoy BT-6 about 175 miles north of Cayenne, French Guiana and reported again four ships sunk. The convoy became unorganized after the first attack because all ships performed evasive maneuvers. In fact, the Mark Hanna and James Smith were damaged and the Thomas Ruffin and James K. Polk were damaged and later declared a total loss.
The James Smith (Master William H. Aguilar) in station #73 was struck by one torpedo on the port side at the #5 hold. The explosion blew a large section out of the side and bottom of the ship and disabled the steering gear, knocked down the radio antenna and damaged the propeller shaft. Five armed guards and six crewmen sleeping on the tarpaulin cover of the #5 hatch died. The survivors among the eight officers, 34 crewmen and 16 armed guards (the ship was armed with one 5in, one 3in, four .50cal and two .30cal guns) calmly abandoned ship in four lifeboats after the engines were secured. After daybreak two of the boats returned to the vessel and reboarded her, while the occupants in the other boats were picked up by the American submarine chaser USS PC-592, which later came to the ship, whose bow lay out of the water. On 12 March, the remaining survivors on board were ordered by the commander of the submarine chaser to abandon ship, but the James Smith did not sink and the master, three crewmen and the armed guard officer again reboarded her. They stayed with the ship as HMS Zwarte Zee (W 163) towed her to Trinidad. The men on the submarine chaser were landed at Trinidad on 16 March.
|On board||We have details of 12 people who were on board.|
If you can help us with any additional information on this vessel then please contact us. | <urn:uuid:59d41784-ec3c-4b43-b836-e3cc7949072d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/2750.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00284-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950399 | 553 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Today is April 22, 2021
Published 7:00 am Thursday, April 22, 2021
In 1847, Vermont Congressman, George Perkins Marsh, gave a speech that positioned the nation into thinking about the necessity “to conserve America’s natural resources,” according to the Library of Congress.
Seventeen years later, President Lincoln signed the Yosemite Valley Grant Act; it declared that California’s Valley and Mariposa Big Tree Grove “shall be held for public use, resort and recreation.” Eight years later, President Ulysses S. Grant signed the Yellowstone National Park Protection Act into law and set up the first national park in the world.
Throughout the industrial revolution– in the end days of the 19th century and most of the 20th—the environmentalists’ lobby to restore water and air pollution to reasonable ratios, has lagged—in most cases.
Then, in 1969, Wisconsin Senator Gaylord Nelson inaugurated a crusade to enlighten America about why the earth’s resources needed to be saved.
The first “Earth Day” was celebrated April 22, 1970. According to the website, the event “inspired 20 million Americans—at the time, 10% of the total population of the United States—to take to the streets, parks and auditoriums to demonstrate against the impacts of 150 years of industrial development which had left a growing legacy of serious human impacts.”
The Grateful American Book Prize recommends World Without Fish by Mark Kurlansky.
Reduce, reuse, recycle is a mantra for many people. It’s difficult to imagine that just 50 years ago awareness of the state of the environment was not part of the collective consciousness.
An emerging public consciousness about the planet began amid environmental issues like increased air pollution and massive consumption of fossil fuels in the 1960s. The bestselling book “Silent Spring” by Rachel Carson also raised public concern for living organisms and the links between pollution and public health. The push for environmental reform gained even more momentum on April 22, 1970, when the first Earth Day was celebrated. Then-Senator Gaylord Nelson from Wisconsin put Earth Day on the national stage following a large oil spill that struck off the coast of Santa Barbara, Calif. Before this disaster, recycling was not a word in the popular lexicon. But when the disaster struck, people began to reason that changes would have to be made to save the planet.
Since the first Earth Day 50 years ago, many strides have been made in the environmental movement. This grassroots initiative gave rise to the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency, the Clean Air Act and the Clean Water Act. Environmental awareness has become much more mainstream and is a less polarizing issue than it was in the 1970s, although there are still debates about the reality of climate change and other risk factors. Public demand for environmental safeguards grew in the second half of the twentieth century, and those demands have grown stronger in recent years. Legislation is continually evolving to protect the air, land and water. Sustainability has joined the buzzwords of the movement, and most industries now have a vested interest in changes that can minimize risk to human health and the environment.
Mitigating or avoiding environmental effects, proper waste disposal, reduction in water discharge, and emphasis on reducing, reusing and recycling have become important components of environmental wellness. And people are being educated at earlier stages on the importance of environmental mindfulness. For example, core subjects of the environmental movement are increasingly covered in elementary schools.
Twenty million people turned out for the first Earth Day in the United States. Today, more than 190 countries are engaged and more than one billion individuals are mobilized for action every Earth Day, advises the Earth Day Network. To mark the 50th anniversary, the most pressing topic for the year is climate change. Climate Action is the 2020 Earth Day theme to engage the global public. There is still work to be done, but great progress has been made since 1970.
In preparation for National Jelly Bean Day which will be celebrated on April 22 this year, here are twenty facts about this fun and flavorful candy.
- While no one really knows the origin of jelly beans, they may be a descendant of Turkish Delight which were popular in biblical times.
- Jordan Almonds, which are the other possible origin of the modern day jelly bean are also made this way and were made popular in the 1600’s in France.
- The first appearance of what would become the modern day jelly bean was promoted to Union Soldiers during the Civil War.
- They use a process called “panning” which creates the hard outer shell while preserving the gooey middle.
- It takes 7 to 21 days to make a jelly bean.
- Standard color/flavor combinations are:
- There are 130 calories and 37 grams of sugar in one serving of jelly beans which equals about 35 jelly beans.
- Most jelly bean assortments include eight flavors.
- In the early 20th century, a “jelly-bean” was slang for a man of style and no substance.
- Around this time, jelly beans became a regular penny candy offered at general stores and five & dime shops across the country.
- They were the first candy to be sold by weight rather than by piece.
- They were originally sold by color and people would buy a bag of red or a bag of green.
- Peak jelly bean season is Easter, but that is a recent development which began in the 1930’s.
- The jelly bean is associated with Easter because of its egg-like shape.
- Each year in the U.S, there are 16 billion jelly beans manufactured just for Easter. This is enough to circle the Earth more than 3 times if they were laid end to end.
- They were President Reagan’s favorite candy and he used them to help him quit smoking when he was the governor of California.
- As part of his first inauguration in 1981, 7,000 pounds of jelly beans were ordered and distributed.
- Jelly Belly created a new flavor, Blueberry, specifically for the inauguration.
- Jelly Belly jelly beans became the first jelly beans in space when they traveled aboard the 1983 Challenger Space Shuttle.
- Bertie Bott’s Every Flavor Beans from the Harry Potter books and movies are manufactured by Jelly Belly and include flavors like ear wax, pepper, avocado, marmalade and caviar.
While jellybeans are not featured on Fill Your Plate, it’s a good place to discover all the flavors of Arizona agriculture. For more information visit https://fillyourplate.org/blog/. | <urn:uuid:36ccf728-02c4-4203-aaca-a44c1387c4a0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.picayuneitem.com/2021/04/today-is-april-22-2021/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.953293 | 1,417 | 3.328125 | 3 |
Do you often feel a burning sensation in your stomach or chest? Is nausea or pain a frequent symptom of your heartburn or indigestion?
There are over-the-counter medications that will help you manage the pain and symptoms of heartburn and indigestion. Choosing the correct antacid will help treat symptoms including acid indigestion, upset stomach, heartburn caused by excessive acid, and acid reflux.
We need some gastric acid.
Gastric acid is beneficial, It helps us digest and absorb food. It also helps maintain a healthy stomach environment by killing bacteria. It is when the balance of acid is upset that it leads to a feeling of heartburn or indigestion.
Choosing the right antacid for heartburn and indigestion.
Different antacids work differently. The goal of every antacid is to help restore the PH balance of the stomach and GI tract. Some antacids relieve heartburn and indigestion by neutralizing stomach acid. Other antacids help prevent the production of excess acids.
Antacids that help neutralize gastric acid do not affect the amount of acid that is produced. They neutralize the acid that is already in your stomach enabling the mucosal lining of the stomach to create an adequate protective barrier.
These antacids contain calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, aluminum salts, or magnesium salts.
Calcium carbonate antacids.
Over-the-counter medications containing calcium carbonate work very effectively, but they are not intended for long-term use. Over-the-counter medications that contain calcium carbonate include Rolaids, Titralac, Tums, and Children’s Mylanta.
Sodium bicarbonate antacid, heartburn, and acid reflux relief.
The biggest benefit of sodium bicarbonate antacids is that they provide powerful and immediate relief. These over-the-counter antacids are also intended for short term use only. They should not be taken by anyone on a salt restricted diet or anyone with congestive heart failure, high blood pressure, cirrhosis, or kidney failure.
Alka-Seltzer is the most widely recognized sodium bicarbonate antacid.
Aluminum salt antacids.
Aluminum salt antacids are not well known or commonly used.
Magnesium salts acid nuetralizers.
Antacids made with magnesium salts work effectively, but they do not provide long term relief. They are good acid neutralizers, but tend to cause diarrhea and should not be used by patients who have Crohn’s or colitis. Patients with kidney failure should also avoid using magnesium salts.
Phillips Milk of Magnesia is the most common magnesium salt antacid.
Some over-the-counter heartburn, acid reflux, and antacid treatments combine ingredients.
A number of antacids are formulated using a combination of ingredients. These products seem to work well and have fewer side effects than single ingredient antacids.
Popular and useful antacids that are made of a combination of products include Gaviscon, Maalox, Mylanta, and Rolaids with Calcium and Magnesium.
H2 blockers reduce the production of gastric acid.
H2 blockers were originally prescribed for use by people with gastric or peptic ulcers. These antacids work by blocking the creation of gastric acid. They are not good at neutralizing acid that is already present, so they may be taken in combination with acid neutralizing antacids.
Antacids that effectively block the production of gastric acids include Tagamet, Zantac, Pepcid AC, and Mylanta
Proton pump inhibitors help reduce gastric acid that leads to heartburn and indigestion.
Proton pump inhibitors include medications containing esomeprazole. Esomeprazole is another effective medication which reduces gastric acid.
Nexium is an over-the-counter medication that functions as a proton pump inhibitor helping to relieve heartburn and indigestion.
Self treatment of heartburn, indigestion, and upset stomach can be very effective. If, however, your symptoms do not improve or you experience bleeding or vomiting you should consult a physician.
*This information is provided for informational purposes only. It is not intended to substitute for the advice of a physician.
Antacids and Acid Reducers: OTC Relief for Heartburn and Acid Reflux, Familydoctor.org
Antacids FAQ, rxlist.com
Esomeprazole (Nexium), National Institute of Health | <urn:uuid:ef716ced-510c-4f62-82f7-ea6e7d2f9aeb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://bogbit.com/how-to-choose-an-antacid-for-indigestion-heartburn-or-acid-reflux/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00043-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.889277 | 980 | 2.65625 | 3 |
A couple of stories about mobile phones and your privacy, or lack thereof, that have appeared recently that I thought would be on interest.
A few weeks ago, there was a story in the New York Times about a German Green party politician by the name of Malte Spitz who discovered that his movements - apparently along with other German mobile phone users - were being continuously and routinely tracked by Deutsche Telekom. The Times article states that:
"In a six-month period - from Aug 31, 2009, to Feb. 28, 2010, Deutsche Telekom had recorded and saved his longitude and latitude coordinates more than 35,000 times."
This is not entirely surprising given Deutsche Telekom needs - as do all other mobile phone companies - to track the location of a mobile phone user. The Times article noted that:
"Every seven seconds or so, the phone company of someone with a working cell phone is determining the nearest tower, so as to most efficiently route calls. And for billing reasons, they track where the call is coming from and how long it has lasted."
Okay, so what's the big deal?
Well, it turns out that Deutsche Telekom wasn't using the cell tower information to track Mr. Spitz's location, but used instead information relating to how often he checked his email.
Mr. Spitz sued Deutsche Telekom for the location data it kept on him, and then turned it over to ZEIT Online, which combined it with "information relating to his life as a politician, such as Twitter feeds, blog entries and web sites, all of which is all freely available on the Internet." ZEIT Online next created a visual trip map of Mr. Spitz life from August 2009 to February 2010, which illustrated the detail that can be gathered about an individual using mobile phone company geographical data and public information.
It's a bit scary.
You can read a full story about what ZEIT Online did with Mr. Spitz's data here.
"Information such as call records, service usage, traffic data... [may be used for] ... marketing to you based on your use of the products and services you already have, subject to any restrictions required by law."
Which brings us next to this story appearing today about the issue of your privacy, your smartphone, and the information those apps on your phone might be collecting and sending to third parties without your knowledge.
Apparently, the US Justice Department has launched a criminal investigation aimed at the application developers for Apple and Google smartphones. According to this story in the Financial Times of London, Pandora Media - a streaming music radio broadcast service - disclosed in an amended IPO form to the US Security and Exchange Commission that it had received a subpoena from the US Attorney for New Jersey. This made what was a secret investigation public knowledge.
In the section discussing Pandora's IPO risk factors, the amended form states that:
"... in early 2011, we were served with a subpoena to produce documents in connection with a federal grand jury, which we believe was convened to investigate the information sharing processes of certain popular applications that run on the Apple and Android mobile platforms. While we were informed that we are not a specific target of the investigation, and we believe that similar subpoenas were issued on an industry-wide basis to the publishers of numerous other smartphone applications, we will likely incur legal costs related to compliance with the subpoena, management’s attention could be diverted and there is no guarantee that we will avoid costly litigation. Any claims or allegations that we have violated laws and regulations relating to privacy and data security could result in negative publicity and a loss of confidence in us by our listeners and our advertisers, and may subject us to fines by credit card companies and loss of our ability to accept credit and debit card payments."
The FT article says that the US Attorney for New Jersey, Paul J. Fishman, who is thought to be leading the investigation, has refused comment about what he is investigating.
A related article appearing in the Wall Street Journal states that its sources indicate that the criminal probe is looking into "whether the app makers fully described to users the types of data they collected and why they needed the information," for example, are smartphone apps giving information to advertising networks without smartphones users being aware of it.
The WSJ reports that app developers who send information such as the smartphone "user's age, gender, and location, as well as unique identifiers for the phone," to third parties may be in violation of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act.
The WSJ story also states that the US Attorney has asked Apple and Google "to provide information about the applications and app makers." Many of the app developers the WSJ contacted have refused to say whether the US Attorney has sent them subpoenas.
The FT article quotes Scott A. Kamber, Managing Partner of KamberLaw, who has filed numerous class action lawsuits for clients alleging privacy violations by a wide-range of Internet companies, including Pandora, as saying:
"This [the US Attorney investigation] is a particularly interesting example of just how much is happening on people’s phones that the average consumer is completely unaware of."
Given also Mr. Spitz's experience, that's probably an understatement. | <urn:uuid:c269a189-698f-4d97-bbf0-6d73831d9985> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://spectrum.ieee.org/riskfactor/telecom/wireless/smartphone-app-developers-being-criminally-investigated-over-privacy-issues | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00546-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962789 | 1,068 | 2.109375 | 2 |
|Average mass: ||90 kg
|Average length: ||1.9 m
|Thermoregulation: ||Endothermic mesotherm, 30-39° C
A Mant is a large arthropod with four pairs of limbs. The first pair of limbs are modified into grasping and manipulating arms, while the remaining three pairs are used as legs.
The Mant's thorax is elongated into a torso that can be held upright, with the arms emerging from roughly the position of shoulders, but facing forward rather than to the side.
If threatened, the Mant will rise up on its rear two pairs of legs and use its front leg pair to deliver powerful blows.
Mants are covered by a hard exoskeleton that protects them from minor injury.
The exoskeleton ranges from gray to blue, green, or light purple with pink or purple joints and extremities; individuals from some hives are freckled or splotched with brown spots.
A Mant's head sits atop a highly mobile neck, and can turn nearly 180°.
Two eye-paddles protrude from the head on short stalks.
Behind each eye paddle are two iridescent panels used for visual signaling.
These are fairly mobile, and can fold back or spread forward.
The front panel colors can dim to a dull slate color or brighten to rainbow hues, the backs of the panel are the same color as the rest of the Mant's exoskeleton.
Mants may have acquired their name from a contraction of "man-ant" because they are hard working and live in ant-like colonies; or possibly because they resemble giant mantises.
Note: Mants are true arthropods, descended from the ur-arthropods introduced to Mantheim during the panspermia radiation caused by the Antecessors, 18 petaseconds (560 million years) ago. Unlike Earth arthropods, they have evolved a closed circulatory system and efficient respiration with lung-like organs, and are mesotherms with much higher metabolism than the insects and spiders we are familiar with.
Mants breathe by rhythmic flexing of their abdomen like a set of bellows, forcing air through spiracles into the Mant's lungs and then back out again. The abdomen also contains the Mant's digestive system and the line of multiple hearts that pump its blood.
The thorax of a Mant houses one of its hearts, but is mostly taken up by muscle. All of its major limbs connect to the thorax, even though many of the legs reach back under the abdomen.
Each of a Mant's eye paddles has one primary eye providing high resolution vision, and six smaller eyes for wide angle vision.
The stalks allow the paddles to turn to see in nearly any direction.
When a Mant notices something that interests it, it will focus both of its primary eyes on it for binocular vision.
The antennae of a Mant are multi-purpose sensors, giving the Mant information on odor, taste, humidity, orientation, motion, and air currents.
The Mant's sense of smell is exquisite, and used to relay social cues and simple messages as well as identify objects and alert the Mant to the presence of objects.
Mants hear using tympanic membranes in the expanded disk-like portion of their upper thorax. Mant hearing is roughly equivalent to that of a human, although slightly better at hearing in the lower registers.
Mant speech does not translate well to human ears or writing systems; they use a series of droning hums and buzzes, clicks, and chirps for audial communication.
The Mant vocal stridulations are made by scraping specialized parts of their abdominal plates past each other, so the abdomen of a speaking Mant flexes or moves in and out slightly.
Mant speech sounds cannot meaningfully be described by the Latin alphabet nor comfortably spoken by a Human larynx (although there is often an attempt to make a phonetic translation, with variable results).
This is why Humans got to make up their own name for the Mants rather than using what they call themselves. With some practice, Humans and Mants can make noises which sound enough like each others' language to allow mutual comprehension with a fair amount of effort on the part of the speaker and listener.
It is often easier for the Mant to just learn to understand the Human's language without speaking it and vice versa, allowing both to speak in their native language and be comprehended by the other.
Usually, Mants on Human worlds rely on computer translators to communicate.
A sample of Mantspeak script from the Sacred Library, inscribed on traditional writing tiles, concerning the proper behavior of an obedient servant.
Mants signal to each other with scent marks, clouds, and trails. These can be used to deliver simple messages to those who smell them, or to lay trails that are simple to track. They also use their head panels to visually communicate moods.
Mants use reading and writing to communicate complex ideas across times and distances where speech is impractical.
Mant travelers, diplomats, scholars and immigrants to the Human Verge have little trouble learning to read or write Human languages.
Traditionally, non-gendered Mants are referred to with the male pronoun in Human languages - "he" or "him" in English, 他 in hànzì, "él" in Spanish, and so forth.
Mantspeak: The primary language of the Zox Mants is called Mantspeak by Humans. It's buzzes, clicks, and chirps are difficult for other species to reproduce without mechanical assistance or computer translation, but non-Mants can learn to understand mantspeak when spoken by a Mant.
There are no other known native Mant languages. It is thought that all the other languages of Mantheim were eradicated when the Zox assimilated or genocided the Mant cultures they conquered.
Mantspeak writing uses lines and dots on a hexagonal tiling. The position of each dot and position and orientation of each line indicates a sound, the latter can be modified by flags at the ends of lines. The sounds of each tile are grouped together to make words. A bar on the side of each tile indicates the position of the next tile in the sequence to be read, meaning that tiles can be arranged with the writing read in any direction. Commonly, however, the writing simply scans in lines back and forth along one tiling direction, skiping over a line at the end of the block of tiles.
Complicated reading patterns, however, are common in Mant poetry, puzzles, and artwork.
Physical documents are usually recorded on paper-like sheets of fungal mycelium threads, although formal documents often use the archaic method of writing individual words on hexagonal ceramic tiles.
Mants speaking Human languages
Mantspeak modifies words to indicate grammar rather than word placement in a sentance. Consequently, native Mantspeak speakers often end up using words out of order in Human languages that rely on word order.
Computer translators fix word order automatically, so this is not usually an issue except with those Mants that go the extra mile to learn to reproduce Human sounds.
Diet and Feeding Habits
Mants are omnivores, capable of eating many types of biological tissues.
Food is normally treated by soaking it in enzymes to partially pre-digest it - a task traditionally carried out by certain strains of domesticated fungus that would grow over food set out for preparation.
Food designed for rapid preparation is usually ground up into a fine meal or mush, to allow the enzymes to act faster.
Some Mants living in contact with Humans come to appreciate cooked food, while others continue to find it repulsive.
Reproduction is the responsibility of one or a few individuals within a hive. They lay tennis-ball sized eggs which hatch into young that look like tiny versions of an adult Mant.
Young Mants are cared for and educated in a creche.
Most Mants are clones of their parent; these young are selected for duties within their hive based on aptitudes that reveal themselves as they develop.
Those Mants which result from a sexual union – called drones – are expected to leave their hive when mature and found their own hive; these are trained in the skills needed to survive on their own and establish a household.
These child hives are usually strong allies with their parent hive and their hive siblings.
If the reproducers of a hive die or are rendered sterile, other Mants from within the hive can take their place. This requires several megaseconds (tens of days), during which the selected Mants are exposed to pheromones and other stimuli to encourage the maturation of their reproductive organs and become either male or female.
A Mant's main motivation is to the success and well-being of its hive, and to this end it will work with a remarkable drive and dedication.
Individual members of the hive are not critical - they have a Mant's support insofar as they are necessary for the broader success of the group, but can be sacrificed if needed for the greater good; and the Mant expects those sacrificed to recognize and accept this.
Nonetheless, they can make friends both within and outside their hive who they prefer to interact with.
Under exceptional circumstances, a Mant can transfer its loyalty to an organization other than its birth hive.
Betrayal by the hive is not one of these circumstances - the Mant puts little value on its own life and well-being, and it expects to be left behind or thrown under the bus if it benefits its hive.
Rather, prolonged isolation from its hive, the destruction of most of the hive (including the central "core" of individuals who give it its own unique identity and character), or being raised from birth in a different social setting can achieve this transfer of loyalty.
Mants prefer a harmonious and well-ordered environment, moving along predictable patterns with a clear understanding of their place and what they should be doing.
A Mant will want to know its duties and responsibilities, when it can exercise authority and over whom, who has authority over it and in what circumstances, and the standard protocols, rules, and regulations that it must follow.
Change makes Mants nervous; big changes that threaten to undermine society terrify them. Mere strangeness or unusual beings do not bother Mants so long as there are established procedures for dealing with it; it requires a threat of change to established routines, the natural order of things, or society.
If a Mant senses that things are irrevocably falling apart and there is nothing it can do to change this, it may become confused and indecisive until it can find its place in the grand scheme of things once again.
Drones are the natural rebels of Mant society. Better able to handle uncertainty and ambiguity, they are equipped with the mindset to leave their home hive and make a future for themselves and their progeny.
Mant society is based around the hive, a group of a few hundred genetically identical Mants. Each hive is a closely knit group that works together with a common purpose towards goals set by their leaders.
The broader Mant society arises when hives interact with each other, cooperating and competing, trading and making alliances and fighting.
In any Mant civilization, laws will govern the relations between the hives.
The current major Mant government is the colonial authority of the Zox Hierate for the Milky Way. The Zox Hierate is (or was) an expansive galaxy spanning empire from Triangulum that established a foothold in the Milky Way, where they met Humans and Gummis.
The Zox believe that society should follow on the large scale the patterns of the hive on the small scale. Hives should exhibit unflinching devotion to the Hierate, with empire-wide direction made by a small group of decision maker hives (including the imperial hive, who founded the Zox) delegating authority to sector governors and continuing in a fractal pattern reaching to the local level. Their history has led them to believe that all knowledge can be found in the science of the Antecessors and the teachings of long-dead Mant philosophers from near the beginning of the Hierate. Consequently, they tend to reject new ideas and scientific findings, and look to established tradition and age-old regulations for their answers.
The Hierate has excellent methods of indoctrination (for Mants, at least), leading to a near universal acceptance of their orthodoxy within Zox-controlled space.
Mants of the Zox place much emphasis on the honor of their hive.
The appearance of correctness is more important than results, and displaying ignorance, weakness, or failure can lead to shame for one's entire hive.
Respect given to one's hive is of the utmost importance.
Therefore, it is better to remain silent than ask questions; to play it safe than to take risks; and to sugar-coat the truth or outright provide incorrect information that the Mant thinks a superior hive wants to hear - especially if the correct information would reflect badly on its hive's competence to carry out its assigned duties.
Not all Mants are this hidebound. Immigrants and refugees in the Human or Gummi occupied regions of the Verge will retain their old attitudes for some time, but the next generation of hives will adapt to the attitudes and customs of their neighbors and become more flexible in their methods. Even the original hive of immigrants may, over time, adapt as the old members of the hive die off and their young mature - but this takes considerably more time since the hive itself is responsible for education of its young.
Mants build structures based on hexagonal tiling. An entire Mant hive will be housed in one building. Each Mant will have its own cubbyhole – a vertical honeycomb cell in which it sleeps and rests, entered from below. The level below the sleeping cubbies is used as part of the Mant hive's common area. A hive building may have multiple levels of this nature, with larger areas for communal dining, work space, and storage.
Mant structures are usually excavated from the ground, with ventilation towers rising into the air.
Furnishing, paneling, and interior partitions are likely to be made from durable fabric-like or wood-like fungal mats. Fungal mycelia are used to bind together excavated dirt to form a kind of bio-aggregate that forms the exterior portions of their above ground structures.
Mants appreciate bright colors. Much of their art uses garish or iridescent colors, as well as glowing elements provided by artificial lighting.
The staple of Mant dishes are starchy seeds and growths of domesticated Mantheim autotrophs, shredded and fermented with carefully prepared strains of fungus and yeasts. Leafy vegetables are also eaten, and may either be fermented or served raw. For protein, the meat of a large domesticated arthropod called a steamroller is fermented, spices and pungent fluids are used to add to the taste. If boiled or cooked, steamroller is said to taste like lobster.
Mants do not always wear clothes, but if not they will usually have a belt, harness, or bandoleer to carry things. They put on suits when necessary for protection, and decorative outfits for special occasions. These usually leave the spiricals on their abdomen bare, or at least covered with only a mesh or thin cloth to let air through. Fancy clothes involve garish colors and all kinds of extraneous adornments – fins, frills, quills, fans, tassels, glittering sequins, and plates. Each hive will have its own ensemble for special occasions, with all hive members dressing alike.
Traditional materials for clothing production are fabric-like or leather-like fungal mats. Human-made materials using structural pigments are in high demand for these costumes, and are smuggled into the Zox Hierate. Outside of these special occasions, when Mants of the Zox wear clothes at all they tend to favor simple one-color jumpsuits with rugged boots. Immigrants to the Verge Republic or Gummi Space have used their new-found freedom to experiment with clothing styles, including stockings, vests, abdomen covers, and hats.
Mant click music is a structured form of vocal music often accompanied by percussion instruments. In addition to clicks, it makes use of Mant stridulant chirps and buzzes. Mants use click music to accompany their ritual hive dances.
The traditional sport of the Mants is competitive dancing. Each hive engages in ritual dances to out-display and out-compete the others. Depending on the style of dance, it may be only a visual display, or involve full contact ritualized combat between the hives. For the former, the hive's fancy clothes will be worn. For the latter, body armor.
The Mant homeworld is called Mantheim in English (pronounced "Mant - heim," literally translating to "Mant home" in Icelandic and Old Norse). The details of its characteristics are not well known – Mantheim itself has been lost, along with most of its records, and the Zox Hierate has never been forthcoming about sharing information with outsiders.
Nonetheless, experts suspect that it was a smaller world than Earth, with a low oxygen atmosphere and a slightly lower gravity. It is further thought that its climate was overall cooler than that of Earth, perhaps with extensive polar ice sheets.
Type Description: Mant
|Total Cost: 39 BP|
- Vigor -1 (-12 BP)
- Coordination +1 (16 BP)
- Spirit +1 (10 BP)
- Agile +1 (0 BP)
- Endurance -1 (-4 BP)
- Fearless +4 (8 BP)
- Move Brawn +1 (3 BP)
- Lower Body Brawn +2 (10 BP)
- Increased Speed (ground) +4 (8 BP)
- Natural Armor +1 (4 BP)
- Natural Weaponry: Hooves (1 BP)
- Resistant (unaffected): Altitude Sickness (2 BP)
- Senses: Discriminatory Scent (5 BP)
- Senses: Feelers (2 BP)
- Senses: Turreted Wide Angle Vision +3 (3 BP)
- Personality Trait: Gregarious +1 (-1 BP)
- Personality Trait: Workaholic +1 (-1 BP)
- Personality Trait: Hidebound +1 (-1 BP)
- Personality Trait: Fanatical to Hive +3 (-3 BP)
- Personality Trait: Metaschimatismophobia +2 (-2 BP)
- Personality Trait: Selfless +3 (-3 BP)
- Physical Handicap: Poor Climber +2 (-2 BP)
- Visual Impairment: Motion Sensitive +2 (-4 BP)
- Speak Mantspeak +1 (0 BP)
|Unarmed Penetration: 2d6, -7 RS|
Unarmed Wound Score: +2
Unarmed Control: 2d6, -2 RS
Penetration Limit: 2d6, +0 RS
Injury Susceptibility: +0
|Large Wound Limit: +7||Wound Score Limit: +10¼|
|Action Score: +½||Action Points: 6|
|Stamina: 5||Perseverence: 15|
Top Ground Speed: 40 m/turn, 50 km/h
|Base Move: 6 m/turn||Maneuver: 50 m/turn²|
Top Swim Speed: 2 m/turn
Top Climb Speed: 2 m/turn
Long Jump: 3 m standing, 9 m running
High Jump: 2 m cleared, 4 m reach
|Penalty ||Fatigue ||Drain ||Control ||Encumbr.|
|Description ||Type ||Pen ||Wound ||AP ||Sharp ||Blunt ||Def ||Length ||Grip|
|Kick||Smash||2d6, -6 RS||+2||+0||+0||+2||+0||1||+0|
|Description ||Protects ||Armor Score ||Blunt ||Pad ||Activation|
Type Description: Mant Drone
Start with the Mant type and then modify as:
|Cost Adjustment: +3 BP|
- Remove Personality Trait: Hidebound +1 (1 BP)
- Remove Personality Trait: Metaschimatismophobia +2 (2 BP)
Note: Mants from the Zox Hierate are usually indoctrinated to have the Personality Trait: Hidebound 3 [-3 BP]. This Personality Trait increase does not count against the limit of a Mant's allowed Personailty Traits.
Size – Mants are as commonly Size +½ as Size +0. Occasional Mants may be Size +1 or Size -½. With good nutrition, all Mants of the same hive will have the same Size.
Metaschimatismophobia - The fear of change, transformation, modification, or restructuring; specifically with regards to society. Those who transgress the social norms are threatening, as are outsiders and those whose ways are different. Large scale changes, or anything that disrupts established routines, hierarchies, and one's place in the world, are terrifying.
|Hit Location Chart ||Nerves ||Circulatory ||Respiration
||Brain||Spine||Heart ||Vessl || Airwy || Lung
|1||Head/Neck|| ||1|| ||1-2|| || |
|2||Arm (3,3)|| || || ||1|| || |
|3||Chest (2,2)||1-3||4||1||2-3|| || |
|4||Hips|| ||1||1||2-3|| || |
|5||Fore Abdomen (6,6)|| ||1||1||2-3|| ||1-2|
|6||Leg (5,5)|| || || ||1|| || |
|7||Mid Abdomen (8,8)|| ||1||1||2-3|| ||1-2|
|8||Leg (7,7)|| || || ||1|| || |
|9||Rear Abdomen (10,10)|| ||1|| ||1|| ||1-2|
|10||Leg (9,9)|| || || ||1|| || |
0 DOS: 1d10
1 DOS: 1d8
2 DOS: 1d6
3 DOS: 1d4 + 1
4+ DOS: Location 3
Back to Vergeworlds Main Page | <urn:uuid:8bf7847f-7a70-43aa-b8a4-b8089df2721b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://panoptesv.com/RPGs/Settings/VergeWorlds/SapientSpecies/Mant.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.928862 | 4,963 | 3.78125 | 4 |
What Can An Applicant Tracking System Do For You?
An Applicant Tracking System, or ATS, is a type of recruiting software application that can help you automate and streamline the recruitment and hiring process. Use one at your workplace and you’ll save money and have more time to focus on other tasks.
An Applicant Tracking System can do a variety of things, but its primary function is to sort through thousands of resumes to determine which job applicants may be the right fit for the job. They are basically electronic recruiters that look at every resume for keywords, spelling errors, skill sets, job titles, contact details, education, experience, etc. The ATS can then rate an applicant’s resume and provide a hiring manager with the top job candidates. It basically does all the sifting and sorting for you, thus reducing your work load.
Besides sifting and sorting resumes, an applicant tracking system can also:
- Handle Job Postings
- Rank Resumes Based On Preset Criteria
- Search For Keywords
- Manage Job Applicants
- Generate Interview Requests
- Respond To Candidates
- Collect Data And Create A Sortable Database
ATS is very advanced software and it’s getting better all the time. A large number of companies use ATS regularly. It makes hiring efficient and streamlined by putting HR team members on the same page. ATS also opens up more opportunities for job seekers to find the right jobs as databases can hone in on those candidates for future job openings. ATS is a pretty slick thing because it creates a better hiring experience for everyone involved.
Now before you start day dreaming about what you can do with all your extra free time, it’s important to look at the disadvantages of the ATS too. Whenever you automate, it takes away the personal touch of hiring and focuses on job seekers who tick all the right boxes or are very good at getting through ATS systems. By not looking at every resume personally, you often eliminating potentially great candidates – people who are either over- or under- qualified. It may misread a resume’s formatting. Technology can never replace a well trained and experienced recruiter.
If you plan to add an applicant tracking system to your quiver of recruitment tools, be sure to choose the right one for your business. ATS will change the way you hire. Are you ready? | <urn:uuid:9d36821f-ee26-4239-bce5-efc7595bd018> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.jobmonkey.com/employer-insights/applicant-tracking-system/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00135-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922104 | 490 | 1.59375 | 2 |
I would write each preposition on a separate piece of paper or flash card, and try reciting three in a row, adding a preposition each time until you can recite them all. It may be easier to remember them in a certain order every time, such as in alphabetical order. It will take time, but I think lots of practice is the only way to memorize them all. Hope that helps!! | <urn:uuid:624843af-c9f1-4147-88f8-4d5d9222549c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://brainly.com/question/27168 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00454-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960777 | 84 | 1.859375 | 2 |
[EDITORIALS]Thwarting the courtChoi Do-sul, a former aide to president Roh Moo-hyun, refused yesterday to testify at the Constitutional Court, which is deliberating the impeachment of President Roh Moo-hyun. The case might not proceed on schedule.
The people’s biggest wish is that the current deliberations in the case and the court’s decision would be finished as soon as possible so that the political circus surrounding the impeachment can be ended quickly.
Mr. Choi is also on trial on corruption charges. He has the right to refuse to give any testimony that might influence his own trial. The law dictates that he has the right to refuse to testify if a matter involves himself or a direct relative. Nevertheless, the fact that he declined to testify despite taking the oath as a witness is wrong.
The reason why Mr. Choi was chosen as a witness can be traced to his involvement in alleged corruption by presidential aides. That is one of the three specifications in the impeachment bill passed by the National Assembly.
According to the prosecution, Mr. Choi had received, either shortly before or shortly after the presidential election, 1.63 billion won ($1.4 million) in bribes from companies. An additional inquiry uncovered another 490 million won in bribes that he had allegedly received. In addition, according to the prosecution, he hid about 300 million won from the presidential campaign funds in order to use it later, but only reported that fact to the president in August, right before an investigation by the prosecution was to take place.
His refusal to testify leaves only the option of discovering the truth through existing records of those alleged transactions.
The impeachment trial is not an ordinary trial. It has resulted in the suspension of the president for the first time in the history of our constitution. Hence, those who have been selected to testify have to cooperate so a quick decision can be made.
That is the only way of taking responsibility for being part of something that caused the impeachment of the president in the first place.
Looking at the Constitutional Court lightly or trying to delay the trial on purpose, just because election results have turned out for the better for some, is something that cannot be forgiven. | <urn:uuid:c6d20829-be58-463c-b47c-50cd623652b1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2004/04/20/editorials/91EDITORIALS93Thwarting-the-court/2403174.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.975176 | 453 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Christian Parenti is a writer for The Nation magazine and has authored or several books including the The Freedom: Shadows and Hallucinations in Occupied Iraq, recently available in paperback.
His 1999 book, Lockdown America: Police and Prisons in an Age of Crisis, was a ground-breaking text on the rise of the prison and policing system in the United States. I spoke with Parenti in Ossining, New York in August about the history of prisons, policing and how the criminal justice project has changed since his book was first published.
Bob Libal: It’s been over 5 years since Lockdown America was published. If you were to write a new preface to it, would you include anything new?
Christian Parenti: One would have to deal with the war on terror because that has changed the criminal justice project in many ways. It hasn’t completely transformed it, but it definitely reinvigorated it.
Right after Lockdown came out in 1999, it almost seemed for a moment that incarceration rates were starting to plateau. There was definitely a mainstream, elite rethink underway about the crackdown. This was indicated by editorials in the New York Times and by big mainstream networks that did whole series on the horrible conditions in prisons and over-incarceration – really quite good documentaries.
And then came September 11. Since September 11, there has been this whole new discourse of national security and that has reinvigorated the criminal justice project and re-branded the project of domestic repression. Even though most people are not arrested on terror-related charges, the war on terror has shut down that developing mainstream critique of the whole repressive project.
To step back a moment, we’re here in Ossining, New York, the hometown of the Sing Sing prison. Sing Sing is one of the country’s oldest and most infamous prisons. Maybe it’s appropriate if we talk about how prisons became such a dominant factor in the lives of so many Americans?
There are different causes at different times. The basic thing that I argued in Lockdown America, and would still argue today, is that policing and prisons in the United States, along with being about public safety, is also always about managing the contradictions of a class society that uses race and racism as its main ideological explanation for itself.
So that’s what prisons have always done – managed the exploited and excluded populations that capitalism produces naturally through crisis and produces artificially through policies that make people poor.
What was the thing that changed in the 1960s and 1970s that lead to the explosion in incarceration?
What happened in the 60s and 70s is the whole political rebellion – the civil rights movement, the black power movement, the riots, the anti-war movement. And then vary importantly the economic crisis that begins to take hold in the early 1970s…
The 1970s were a decade of class stalemate between the working class and the ruling class in the U.S. And the incarceration rates don’t actually go up dramatically in the 1970s. The first act in the big post-60s prison and policing build-up – because Lockdown America and the whole thesis of that book is not just about prisons, it’s about the whole repressive project – so the first thing you have in response to the riots in 1968 which was a particularly bad year of rioting, you get this massive federal crime bill which creates the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration which is this giant federal bureaucracy which starts channeling matching grants to states.
States that become willing to invest more in repression themselves will get more federal money. This leads to a whole retooling and an ideological upgrading of the American policing project.
That stalemate is broken by Reagan and Carter. Carter appoints Paul Volcker. Volcker under Reagan sends the economy into a recession by raising interest rates at the Federal Reserve dramatically. This is called the cold bath procession and it was done intentionally to lower the expectations of the American working class so that they would work harder for less so that their formal and informal political power could be smashed open.
And the primary way to do that was poverty and unemployment. So, poverty and unemployment were engineered in the early 80s. That helped drive down wages; unions were broken, expectations were broken, people started working harder for less. And then the economy could be expanded with deficit spending which is exactly what Regan did. But there is this perennial problem of what to with the poor who were again very numerous and often showing up in the wrong places at the wrong times – like homelessness in major cities. Then you get the reengagement with the repressive project through the discourse of the war on drugs.
The war on drugs was also a component in the first stage the crackdown in the 60s, so you get this reengagement with the war on drugs in the 1980s with Regan and then you get another series of federal crime bills and throughout this even though most law enforcement is handled at the state level, the discursive tone was set at the federal government by the federal government through federal programs that rewarded states that would spend money and change laws so as to beef up repression and punish states that did not go along with it by not giving them money.
So, that’s the second part of it. And now we have this third generation which is really the war on terror which means that there is always more money for repression and all the old projects of controlling people who do not have jobs and show up in the wrong places at the wrong time, controlling immigrants. All that stuff gets reinvigorated by the discourse and funding of the war on terror.
There is an interesting debate about whether prisons are good for economic growth. Most of the recent evidence shows that prisons are bad for local economic growth – they slow long-term job growth in rural communities especially. Is this an argument that could be utilized to slow the growth of this industry?
In Lockdown America, I took issue with the version of the Prison Industrial Complex argument that said that prisons are just about creating jobs. I said, no, this is about maintaining the contradictions of capitalism. The social contradiction is that capitalism needs poverty and creates poverty naturally and through policy, yet is always threatened by poverty because the poor organize. And, even when they don’t organize they can rebel in unorganized fashions. They at least undermine the legitimacy of the system and offend the sensibilities of the moneyed class. So, they have to be managed.
And that’s the primary thing that the whole repressive project is and was about. Now to the extent that it can also stimulate economic growth somewhere, well that’s great for all the interests that make profits off of that.
That becomes the belief, whether or not it’s true, of local boosters and the levels of towns and states. Because all they ever hear trickling down from the high priests of political discourse from Washington, D.C. all the way down to the local papers that this works.
What do you see as the hope for rolling back the repressive project in the future?
I still have the same hope that I had before, that the war on drugs has gotten so broad and pulled in so many people that experience starts overriding ideology. So many people have enough real experience with criminal justice to not fall prey to the fear-mongering of the media and the ideology and discourse that come out of the media.
And, out of that experience, a new counter-discourse can be developing. It was happening (before 9/11), it’s still happening, and I think that’s the way that the whole repressive project will be de-legitimized, deflated, and rolled back. But we have this really pernicious thing with the war on terror right now which is all-consuming. But even it got linked to the war in Iraq and now the war in Iraq is falling into disrepute. But we have a long, long way to go. That’s the template for my hope.
Bob Libal is a student/youth organizer for Grassroots Leadership’s Not With Our Money! campaign. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:1a71e40f-a18c-4b0b-8d9f-48b20c9cf3ae> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://zcomm.org/znetarticle/lockdown-america-revisited-by-christian-parenti/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721027.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00550-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969254 | 1,693 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Design and diversity are the two great challenges in the study of life. Microbial Life History draws on the latest advances in microbiology to describe the fundamental forces of biological design and apply these evolutionary processes to a broad diversity of traits in microbial metabolism and biochemistry.
Emphasizing how to formulate and test hypotheses of adaptation, Steven Frank provides a new foundation for exploring the evolutionary forces of design. He discusses the economic principles of marginal valuations, trade-offs, and payoffs in risky and random environments; the social aspects of conflict and cooperation; the demographic aspects of age and spatial heterogeneity; and the engineering control theory principles by which systems adjust to environments. Frank then applies these evolutionary principles to the biochemistry of microbial metabolism, providing the first comprehensive link between the forces that shape biological design and cellular energetics.
Tracing how natural selection sculpts metabolism, Microbial Life History provides new perspectives on the life histories of organisms, from growth rate and survival to dispersal and defence against attack. Along the way, this incisive book addresses the conceptual and philosophical challenges confronting evolutionary biologists and other practitioners who study biological design and seek to apply its lessons.
Steven A. Frank is Donald Bren Professor of Biological Sciences at the University of California, Irvine. His books include Dynamics of Cancer, Immunology and Evolution of Infectious Disease, and Foundations of Social Evolution (all Princeton).
"An important book. Reading Steven Frank is like sitting down to the most sumptuous feast imaginable. His writing is a delicious repast, one that compels you to think in new ways and puzzle over things you thought you understood."
– Joan Strassmann, Washington University in St. Louis
"A powerful tool to tackle questions of microbial design."
– Rolf Kümmerli, University of Zurich
"Frank provides a brilliant guide for how to think in terms of biological design, which has diverse and profound applications in fields ranging from microbiology to macroevolution. Microbial Life History is destined to be a classic in evolutionary biology and ecology."
– Bernard J. Crespi, Simon Fraser University | <urn:uuid:867ebf7a-b507-4553-aa9d-f7bf4ec5306d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nhbs.com/microbial-life-history-book | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.882165 | 427 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Sir Edmund Hillary, the mountain-climbing New Zealand beekeeper who became a mid-20th century hero as the first person to reach the summit of Mount Everest, has died. He was 88.
Hillary, who made his historic climb to the top of the world's highest mountain with Sherpa mountaineer Tenzing Norgay of Nepal, died Friday, according to an announcement from the office of New Zealand's prime minister Helen Clark. The cause and place of death were not immediately reported.
Eight previous British expeditions had failed to reach the top of the 29,017-foot peak and a number of expedition members had died in the process, most famously climbing partners George Mallory and Andrew Irvine who disappeared on Everest in 1924.
But at 11:30 a.m. on May 29, 1953, Hillary and Tenzing made it to the top of the world.
Hillary's first words, to fellow climber George Lowe, when he and Tenzing returned from the summit were, "Well, George, we knocked the bastard off!"
Word of the British Everest expedition's success reached England the night before the coronation of Elizabeth II, resulting in a memorable newspaper headline the next morning: "All this and Everest too!"
Hillary and John Hunt, the British Army colonel who led the Everest expedition, were knighted by Queen Elizabeth; and Tenzing received the George Medal, the second-highest award for gallantry that can be given to a civilian.
Hailed as one of the 20th century's great adventurers, the 33-year-old Hillary became one of the most famous men alive, with his long, rugged face appearing on everything from magazine covers to postage stamps.
The tall and lean Hillary never expected to become a world-renowned celebrity.
"I was a bit naive, really," he told the Detroit Free Press in 2000. "I was just a country boy. I thought the mountaineering world would be interested, but I never dreamed that it would have that effect on people who didn't climb."
And, he maintained, he never regarded himself as a hero.
"I was a mountaineer who worked to reach the summits of mountains," he told USA Today in 1998. "Even in my 79th year, I don't believe a word of the rubbish printed over the years.'
In 1985, he became New Zealand High Commissioner (ambassador) to India and was based in New Delhi for the several years.
But along with the triumphs came tragedy.
In 1975, Hillary's first wife, Louise, and their 16-year-old daughter, Belinda, were killed when the single-engine plane they were flying in crashed on takeoff at the airport in Katmandu.
In 1989, he married June Mulgrew, a longtime family friend and widow of fellow mountaineer Peter Mulgrew, who had taken Hillary's place as a commentator on a 1979 Antarctic sightseeing flight and died when the plane crashed.
Over the years, Hillary served as a camping equipment advisor for Sears Roebuck, lectured widely and wrote a number of books, including "High Adventure," "The Crossing of Antarctica," "No Latitude for Error," "From the Ocean to the Sky," "Nothing Venture, Nothing Win" and "View from the Summit."
Over the past four decades, Hillary spent much of his time raising funds for the Himalayan Trust. He founded the nonprofit organization in 1961 as a way to give back to the Sherpas, one of the many ethnic groups native to Nepal, who served as guides for Western expeditions in the Himalayas.
By 2006, the Trust had built 27 schools, two hospitals and 13 village health clinics, in addition to rebuilding bridges, constructing drinking water systems and providing student scholarships, among other projects.
"Nothing in life can be more satisfying than being the first," Hillary reflected in 2000, "but what I'm proudest of is my work in the Himalayas."
The middle of three children, Hillary was born July 20, 1919 in Auckland, New Zealand. His father ran a small weekly newspaper in the country town of Tuakau, where the family lived on seven acres that included a half-dozen cows, a large vegetable garden and orchards. Hillary's father's hobby was beekeeping, and he eventually abandoned journalism to run what had become a profitable commercial beekeeping enterprise.
Introverted and bookish, Hillary did so well in grammar school that he skipped two grades. But the gawky boy who would one day conquer Everest was shorter and weaker than his classmates in junior high school. Inept at sports and gymnastics, he suffered hazing from both his classmates and his athletics teacher.
Intending to become an engineer, he entered the University of Auckland. But, he later said, his found it difficult to adapt and lacked interest, so he dropped out after two years and went to work in his father's thriving beekeeping business.
Hillary, who first saw snow at 16 when he went on a school skiing trip to Mt. Ruapehu on New Zealand's North Island, began climbing four years later when he, a friend and a guide climbed a small peak near a resort on the South Island.
In 1944, he was called up for service in the Royal New Zealand Air Force and flew on Catalina flying boats in search and rescue operations in Fiji.
After the war, he returned to climbing and scaled New Zealand's snow-covered, 12,349-foot Mount Cook, which he later described as "the ambition of all local climbers."
"I knew right away that this is what I wanted to do, spend my life among the mountains and the snow and the ice," he told the Detroit Free Press in 2000. "I had never been happier in my life, and I couldn't wait to do it again."
Tenzing died of a lung infection in 1986 at 72.
In addition to his wife, Hillary is survived by his children Peter and Sarah and several grandchildren. | <urn:uuid:18fff652-9265-4fd5-9b8b-89edb4b9b4b1> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.baltimoresun.com/la-trw-sir-edmund-hillary-dies-11jan08-story.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721355.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00013-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.986595 | 1,237 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Note: Not guaranteed to come with supplemental materials (access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.)
Extend Your Rental at Any Time
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The prison system is changing. But what's the best direction? COMMUNITY-BASED CORRECTIONS shows you how the prison system can help more people and cost taxpayers less by starting to put some types of felons in supervised programs. Programs discussed include probation, parole, electronic monitoring, house arrest, day-treatment centers, bootcamps, restitution, and fines. With a balanced approach, this text reflects a strong emphasis on practical and legal matters related to alternatives to prison and jail.
Table of Contents
PART I: PROBATION
The State of Corrections Today: Why Community Corrections Is Important
History and Legal Foundations of Probation
The Decision to Grant Probation
The Presentence Investigation Report
Conditions, Modification, and Termination of Probation
Organization and Administration of Probation Services
Supervision in Probation and Parole
PART II: PAROLE
The Development of Parole: From Its Origin to the Present
The Parole Board and Parole Selection
Parole Conditions and Revocation
PART III: INTERMEDIATE SANCTIONS AND SPECIAL ISSUES | <urn:uuid:4078ec7f-d3fe-43f6-a8b3-7f9c73ed4ab5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.knetbooks.com/communitybased-corrections-5th/bk/9780534559663 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00422-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.813261 | 298 | 1.804688 | 2 |
I have a csv download of data from a Management Information system. There are some variables which are dates and are written in the csv as strings of the format "2012/11/16 00:00:00".
After reading in the csv file, I convert the date variables into a date using the function as.Date(). This works fine for all variables that do not contain any blank items.
For those which do contain blank items I get the following error message:
"character string is not in a standard unambiguous format"
How can I get R to replace blank items with something like "0000/00/00 00:00:00" so that the as.Date() function does not break? Are there other approaches you might recommend?
If they're strings, does something as simple as
mystr <- c("2012/11/16 00:00:00"," ","") mystr[grepl("^ *$",mystr)] <- NA as.Date(mystr)
work? (The regular expression
"^ *$" looks for strings consisting of the start of the string (
^), zero or more spaces (
*), followed by the end of the string (
$). More generally I think you could use
"^[[:space:]]*$" to capture other kinds of whitespace (tabs etc.) | <urn:uuid:ffb287fb-eb84-4703-8935-00c580884525> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://codedump.io/share/PXYPgeFAACn7/1/how-to-handle-blank-items-when-converting-dates-in-r | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00401-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.861854 | 285 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Doing your homework on the school bus was once a desperate last resort and was solely the preserve of pupils trying to avoid detention or another punishment exercise. But now handheld devices and connections to the cloud are turning the morning and afternoon journeys into a time for learning instead of a time for panicked scribbling.
Gone are the days of shaky handwriting as your homework jotter bounced up and down with the pot holes. Instead, pupils are using their laptops, tablets and smartphones to turn their bus rides into useful time for reading material chosen by their teachers or practicing their homework assignments, which may have been set either for individuals or for pupils to collaborate in groups.
“Cloud computing is enabling school pupils to experience anytime, anywhere learning,” explains Andrew Robertson, a digital storyteller in Microsoft’s education team.
“Our children are going to find their own ways of learning – they’re going to work out what method works best for them and they’re going to use technology to help do it.”
At its simplest, the idea behind cloud computing is that programs and files are stored remotely on servers instead of on the hard drives of individual computers. This means that users can access the information from anywhere that they can use the internet or a private network to connect to those servers, freeing up people to work out on the road or at home rather than in their office and allowing colleagues from around the world to collaborate on the same task or project.
In Scotland, the Glow Programme allows teachers and learners to benefit from technology. Ian Stuart, Principal Teacher of Technology, Argyll & Bute Council says:
“Using Glow to access Cloud services has allowed the development of Collaboration across Scotland. Pupils working on similar topics are sharing ideas and discussing and sharing their learning. Teachers are sharing ideas and developing resources. This is no matter where they are.”
And in Falkirk, an ICT Development Officer comments on the flexibility and way that users now interact -
“Working on an online space provides a collaborative space for learners to work on tasks in and out of the classroom, using their own device or school or family device, so the learning is where and when they need it”
One of the most exciting possibilities that the cloud has opened up for education is the concept of “flip learning”. Traditionally, teachers would have stood at the front of the classroom and delivered a lesson, telling pupils facts and figures that they needed to remember for tests and exams, before setting them homework to be completed in their own time.
Technology has allowed this practice to be “flipped” on its head; pupils now use their own devices to read material set by their teachers and then come into the classroom ready to ask questions. Such flip learning allows teachers to concentrate on answering pupils’ questions about concepts with which they’ve struggled and turns the classroom into a place where pupils can do exercises with which they might have struggled at home and collaborate in groups.
Underpinning flip learning are tools such as OneNote, part of the suite of software that forms Office 365 Education. OneNote is a program that allows teachers to create shared workspaces for pupils; they can show children what information to read, set them classroom or homework assignments, and create group tasks for pupils to work on together.
Having a copy of Office 365 Education means that pupils can install the software on multiple devices – so they can have the same programs on their computer at school, their family’s laptop at home, their own tablet and their ever-present smartphone. These days, the programs are also “platform agnostic” – which means they can work on PCs, tablets running the Android operating system or even Apple devices like iMacs and iPads – a far cry from ten or 15 years ago when it was difficult to work across different devices.
OneNote has proved so useful for Sandi Adams – a technology project specialist for Cherokee County School District in Georgia, United States – that it’s been branded as “the Swiss Army Knife of education”.
“OneNote organises by sections or group sections with unlimited pages packed with documents, photos, emails, spreadsheets, recordings, inking and so much more,” says Adams.
“It gives me the ability to collaborate with colleagues and students and, best of all, I can access the most current version of my notebooks from my phone, iPad, Microsoft Surface, desktop or laptop.”
In the mix
While OneNote allows teachers to set pupils’ homework, another plugin – or extension – can also help them to monitor children’s progress. Office Mix allows teachers to record audio messages or even videos and then embed them into PowerPoint presentations that pupils can watch.
Office Mix can also be used to embed quizzes and other tests into learning materials and it also keeps a record of how long pupils spend looking at each slide, which can be used to give teachers an idea about the topics with which their class might be struggling, leading to changes to lesson plans.
“I have been using Office Mix to add audio or video introductions to PowerPoint presentations for pupils who have missed lessons,” explains Matthew Davies, from Treorchy Comprehensive School in South Wales.
“The audio or video gives pupils the detail or context that I would have spoken about in the lesson. This has allowed pupils to catch-up prior to the next lesson, in school or at home. They are then ready to move on with the rest of the class on their return.”
Exposing children to Office 365 can also give them an advantage when it comes to leaving school and finding a job. “Employers don’t want to spend time training staff how to use industry-standard programs like Office,” says Robertson. “If students already know how to use Word, Excel and PowerPoint then it could help them when applying for work.”
Cloud computing has also opened up a whole new world when it comes to school trips.
Skype In The Classroom, the video conferencing service, allows students to receive video tours of remote locations that would be too far away or too expensive to visit.
The program also enables teachers to welcome virtual guest lecturers into the classroom so that students can hear directly from the experts and ask them questions.
“Microsoft held a Skype-a-thon on 3 and 4 December 2015, which involved thousands of guest teachers, speakers and students connecting with each other throughout the world,” says Robertson.
“Over those two days, users connected to each other across more than 3,000,000 miles – that’s the equivalent of 120 times around the world.”
Pupils aren’t just connecting via video links; Yammer, another part of the Office family, is a social network that can be used by pupils and teachers to hold discussions. Most children will be too young to use open social networks like Facebook, so Yammer gives staff a secure and controlled environment, allowing them to choose who does and who doesn’t have access.
Cloud computing isn’t restricted to the physical world either – it also provides the power behind Minecraft, the online game that allows players to build their own virtual environment using very retro-style blocks.
School pupils have used Minecraft for everything from coming up with designs for the athletes’ village at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow through to creating virtual Viking ships for an invasion of Scotland.
With cloud computing powering applications as varied as Office Mix, Skype In The Classroom and Minecraft, the tools available to teachers are growing each and every day.
– This article was produced in partnership with Microsoft | <urn:uuid:81f19684-5bff-4e6b-adf1-ea920e7564ac> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.scotsman.com/future-scotland/tech/how-the-cloud-is-transforming-education-1-4002494 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00069-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955966 | 1,592 | 3.03125 | 3 |
Adulteration and its Remedy
[Arthur H Hassall]
Adulteration, Public Health, Chemistry, Microscopy, Wonder, Government, Medical Practitioners, Pharmaceuticals
Select Committee to Inquire into Adulteration of Food, Drinks and Drugs
The threat to public health posed by the 'strange, disgusting, and poisonous demon' (86) adulteration has recently been brought to 'almost universal attention' by the campaign waged by the Lancet (88). Traditionally, chemistry has been used for 'the detection of the various chemical substances and salts used for adulteration' (89), but more recently it has been surpassed by the microscope. The first applications of this 'wonder-revealing instrument [...] created no little surprise and alarm amongst the perpetrators of such frauds. Hundreds of sophistications were brought to light which had for years escaped discovery' (90). Lampoons the Parliamentary Bill for Preventing Adulteration of Articles of Food and Drink as 'weak, diluted, and itself adulterated' (96), and notes that it omits the adulteration of drugs by doctors whose 'best friends [...] prove to be the adulterator', a practice which introduces the 'greatest uncertainty and confusion' into medicine (91).
© Science in the Nineteenth-Century Periodical Project, Universities of Leeds and Sheffield, 2005 - 2020
Printed from Science in the Nineteenth-Century Periodical: An Electronic Index, v. 4.0, The Digital Humanities Institute <http://www.sciper.org> [accessed ] | <urn:uuid:29af7203-f28e-4c69-8099-20cf1ed6f678> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sciper.org/print/CM1-2-1-4.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.893872 | 368 | 2.453125 | 2 |
Stillborn is a strange, half-stone half-fleshy enemy located in the 4th chapters. They slowly float towards Isaac while periodically firing blood shots at him. They can not be killed, but upon clearing the room, the fleshy appendage that attaches them to the ceiling will break and they'll helplessly fall into the ground. They will then explode after a few seconds unless the player leaves the room quickly.
If a Stillborn is over a gap when the room gets cleared, it will immediately explode upon impacting the ground. However, if a Stillborn is over a rock when the room is cleared, it will destroy that rock upon landing in the ground.
- The word 'Stillborn' is a term given to a fetus that is born dead.
- In the Corpse chapter, all Stillborns have a rotting green coloration to their fleshy appendages.
- Unlike most enemies, Stillborns do not seem to flip their sprites to face Isaac if he circles around them.
- Stillborns are one of a few non-boss enemies to have death animations, the others being Death's Heads (and its variants) and Screamers.
- Stillborns are inspired by Lithopedion, or stone baby, a rare phenomenon where a fetus dies during an abdominal pregnancy, stays in the body and calcifies. | <urn:uuid:36c1ab3e-560a-4b11-b95f-4760f698035d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://antibirth.fandom.com/wiki/Stillborn | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.936045 | 323 | 1.945313 | 2 |
The exchange rate between two currencies is the value of one currency against the value of the other. It will usually be cited in one of two ways. Where two and only two currencies are commonly interchanged, as with the United States dollar and the Canadian dollar, it is most common to state the relative values as an equation: for example, 1 USD = 1.20 CAD. The currency which is set as equivalent to 1 is called the base currency, while the other is called the term currency. The financial rule is that base currencies follow the order EUR (euro), GBP (British pound), AUD (Australian dollar), NZD (New Zealand dollar), USD (United States dollar), and then everything else. However, this rule is often inverted in Great Britain and the United States, which prefer to set their own currencies as alway equal to 1. Because this inverts the roles of the term currency and the base currency, an exchange rate quoted in this way is called an indirect quotation.
Where a larger number of currencies are referenced or in the context of forex speculation, the exchange rate is more commonly expressed as a ratio: for example, EUR:USD at 1.5. Such quotations will always follow the financial rule of base currencies. An exchange rate quoted in this way is called a direct quotation.
An official exchange rate will usually be perfectly equivalent in both directions, although there can be exceptions where the exchange rate is set or closely managed by a central bank. A current official exchange rate is also known as a spot rate. This is in contrast to a forward exchange rate, which is the forex market’s equivalent of a futures quote. Forward exchange rates are also commonly used by international businesses for future pricing, invoicing, and contracts.
A spot exchange rate is usually quoted to two, three, or four decimal places, although Barclay’s Capital quotes its spot exchange rates to up to six decimal places. The lower the value of the term currency relative to the base currency, the fewer decimal places will be used, while the closer the value of the term currency relative to the base currency, the more decimal places will be used.
Economists sometimes use the distinction between nominal exchange rates and real exchange rates. The nominal exchange rate is simply the cost of a currency, expressed against the value of the local currency. Thus it will usually be an indirect quotation. In contrast, the real exchange rate is considered to be the ratio between the prices of equivalent products. In other words, it expresses the relative value of currencies in terms of what they can buy. However, since it is difficult to establish just what types of products are equivalent, as well as to allow for differing supply-demand within the two markets, the real exchange rate is really only a theoretical ideal.
Unlike official exchange rates, unofficial exchange rates will always have a gap, depending upon whether you are buying or selling the currency. This gap is how foreign exchange specialists make their profits. Outside the black market, this gap is rarely larger than 5-10% and is more commonly closer to 2%. On the black market, the gap can even completely reverse the official exchange rate. For example, before the Soviet Union collapsed, the official exchange rate of the Russian rouble was 1 rouble per 2 US dollars when buying roubles, 2 roubles per USD when selling roubles, and it was forbidden to take them out of the country. However, on the black market, the unofficial exchange rate during perestroika grew from 50 to 200 roubles per USD, with the reverse exchange almost impossible.
Currencies may be allowed to float freely on the market, in which case their value is a loose measure of the stability and strength of that country’s economy. They may also be pegged to a commodity standard, to another currency, or to a basket of currencies. Between 1944 and 1966, the 44 Allied nations committed themselves to the Bretton Woods system, pegging the value of each of their currencies to the United States dollar in order to stabilize their currencies. This allowed the USD to become the reserve currency for every signatory state until it abandoned the gold standard.
Other ways to manage exchange rates is for the central bank to become actively involved in buying and selling its own currency on the open market. As well, the international movement of a specific currency may be restricted. Where a currency is in some way restricted or managed, there may be two different versions of that currency, one which can be exchanged for foreign currency, and another which cannot, as is the case with the Cuban peso / convertible peso. In this case, there are usually strong restrictions upon citizens owning convertible currency. The Cuban convertible peso is not recognized by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Three common reasons for relative currency values to change occur when a country alters its interest rate, when a major export of that country changes in value on the international markets, and when a country allows a trade deficit to grow beyond a foreseeable balance. Investors seeking high interest rates will tend to buy into the currency of those countries with higher interest rates, while those seeking cheaper loans will tend to borrow from countries with cheaper interest rates. This causes the currencies of countries with higher interest rates to rise in value. When a commodity such as oil rises in price, the currency of those countries which export oil will also rise in value, while the currencies of those countries which heavily import oil will fall. Where oil is involved, these types of currencies are sometimes called petrocurrencies. Related to this effect is the slide in its currency value when a country imports more than it exports. All these factors contribute to the net demand for a given currency.
In most managed economies, only a limited supply of currency is allowed into the market at any time, based loosely on the current GDP of that country. Releasing too much currency into the market will devalue it. At the extreme, an unregulated currency printing press will bring about hyperinflation of over 100,000%, such as is currently happening in Zimbabwe. Another catalyst for hyperinflation may be a sudden collapse of GDP or heavy costs suddenly incurred by a country’s economy, as with war reparation costs. Many European countries experienced hyperinflation between World War I and World War II.
Exchange rates for floating currencies can and do change constantly, and even stable currencies can lose 2-3% of their value relative to another currency in the space of a day. Government budgets, financial statements, the collapse of a major investment bank can all trigger a sudden slide in the value of a currency. For this reason, the exchange rates set by banks at the beginning of each business day are usually applied only to transactions below a certain amount. Above that amount, banks will use the live rate instead, which is the exchange rate at that particular minute in time. | <urn:uuid:fc43b268-c236-4fbb-aff7-c96ec7cb52b8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://indiantiger.org/how-exchange-rates-work-3/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.952758 | 1,391 | 3.609375 | 4 |
Ed, sorry it has taken me so long to get back to you. All of May was taken up by final exam grading and then copy-editing and indexing my new book, due out in August, It Started with Copernicus (completely unabashed and self-serving plug). This is a response to your post of April 25, “A Second Exchange with Keith Parsons, Part I.”
I am very pleased to see how much agreement there is between us. You say that a crude divine command theory would posit a cosmic dictator, a Saddam Hussein writ large. I couldn’t have said it better.
I also hold that there are natural states of thriving or flourishing that constitute the (non-moral) good of organisms. As the Richard Dreyfus character says of the great white shark in Jaws, all such an organism does is swim, eat, and make little sharks. A shark that effectively swims, eats, and makes little sharks is living as well as a shark can live. For human beings, my conception of human flourishing is the same as Aristotle’s eudaimonia: Humans are living as best they can when they think and decide rationally while enjoying fruitful and rewarding interactions with other human beings and while enjoying health and a modicum of material prosperity.
You and I both agree that moral good arises from natural, non-moral good, but we disagree on the nature of the latter. You say that the natural good of an organism depends upon its intrinsic nature—the substantial form in scholastic terminology. I think that there is no such thing.
My understanding of Darwinism entails that “species” only has meaning when considered synchronically. Specific differences represent time-indexed arrangements in the economy of nature, the way that gene pools are sequestered at that given time. Considered diachronically, over geological time, there are no species, no permanent forms. After Darwin, we must regard all organic features as to a large extent plastic. Further, from a Darwinian perspective, the natural good of an organism depends not just on the organism but on the ambient environment. Change the environment and what used to be good for an organism becomes bad. It is good that we can breathe air, but if we lived in Kevin Costner’s Waterworld (yeech) having gills would be better. It appears that permanent, substantial, organic forms just cannot fit into this picture. Organic form is just a temporary solution to the challenges posed by a changing environment.
It is important here to note that the commitment of evolutionary biologists to the mutability of forms across time is not due to an a priori commitment to metaphysical naturalism. Pace Richard Lewontin, we need not say that “natural science” is a tautology. No, the evident plasticity of organic natures derives from our best scientific knowledge about how evolution occurs, i.e. how genomes change and how alleles spread through successive populations. Molecular and population genetics are the drivers here, not metaphysics. Put simply, the basic reason why evolutionary biologists do not countenance irreducible teleology is just that, so far as they can tell, it just is not there! All organic functionality appears explicable in terms of random variation and selection by the (temporarily) ambient environment. Tendency to retain organic form is due to stabilizing selection, not, so far as anyone can tell, a metaphysical principle. Further, over geological time there is, as Darwin said, a tendency for populations to diverge from their ancestors to an indefinite degree. In one hundred fifty million years you can go from the dinosaur to the hummingbird.
Of course, as you note, no empirical evidence can refute a metaphysical claim, though I think it can render it otiose. Intrinsic teleology might be there even though we cannot see it and have no need of it in our theories. Yet, Darwin was quite philosophically astute when he replied to Asa Gray—who suggested that variation might be divinely caused for ends that we cannot fathom—that to say that variation is planned but planned in a way that looks totally unplanned, is to utter a vacuity.
As you say, then, I reject non-reducible teleology, though I maintain that this rejection is not a metaphysical dictate, but is an inference from our best science. At the very least we can say, after Laplace, “I have no need of that hypothesis.” There is no more scientific need to postulate substantial forms than vital forces.
Can reducible teleology be sufficient to provide a basis for ethics? I say yes and you say no. You say that there can be no real non-reducible teleology, but only “as if,” metaphorical teleology if naturalism is true. I disagree. I think that there can be real yet reducible teleology. First, let me quote from a world-class expert on Aristotelian biology, my mentor at Pitt, Prof. James Lennox:
“Aristotle devotes two chapters of the Physics (II. 8,9) and most of the first chapter of Parts of Animals, I, to justifying his view that certain natural changes take place, and certain natural attributes exist for the sake of some end. Not only do these changes and things contribute to an end—they take place and exist in part because they contribute to an end (From “Teleology” in Keywords in Evolutionary Biology, edited by Evelyn Fox Keller and Elisabeth A. Lloyd).”
Does contemporary biology, even molecular biology, still employ such functional explanations, i.e. explanations of something in terms of the end it serves? Yes it does and always will, says no less an authority than Alex Rosenberg (The Structure of Biological Science, chapter 3). Now for Rosenberg, of course (and for me), such explanations are in principle reducible, i.e. given world enough and time we could, with immense worthless labor, substitute a staggeringly complex non-teleological explanation at the molecular level for a teleological explanation at a higher level. However, such in-principle reducibility of teleological explanations does not render them merely metaphorical or render the terms of such explanations into fictions. A reductionist auto mechanic might hold that the operation of a fuel injection system can be explained at the molecular level, but that does not mean that there are no fuel injection systems or that their purpose is not to achieve a mixture of air and gas favorable for combustion.
Finally, then, (since I am already over the 1000 word limit) I consider it a false dichotomy to say that derived teleology must either get its teleological nature from intrinsic teleology or must be only metaphorical “as if” teleology. This dichotomy overlooks the third option, namely, that a non-teleological process—the “blind watchmaker,” natural selection—can generate organic attributes that exist because they are teleological, i.e. they exist because they contribute to a certain end and that end serves to enhance the reproductive fitness of the organism. For instance, the formidable alligator snapping turtle has a peculiar vermiform tongue. Why? Because the wiggling of that worm-shaped tongue serves as a natural fishing lure, functioning to entice hapless fish into those waiting jaws. With a sudden snap the fish is gone, the turtle gets a meal, and a well-fed turtle lays more eggs. Mutatis mutandis, what is true for turtles is true for us! | <urn:uuid:8c0d6a2c-5582-4d11-8b01-27e0b1b8c423> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.patheos.com/blogs/secularoutpost/2014/06/12/belated-response-to-ed-feser/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00389-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943269 | 1,577 | 1.710938 | 2 |
By Kathryn Stewart, Naomi Ng and Dovile Seduikyte
Aarhus is set to become the first city in Denmark to harness a new technology to return lost bikes back to their owners.
The city has ordered 150, 000 QR code labels to distribute to citizens free of charge. These labels function like bar codes, able to transmit contact information about the bike owner once they have been stuck to the frame.
“Each year we throw around 1, 000 bicycles away. We’ve removed them from the inner city and we don’t know who the owner is. So that’s the big problem I think,” says Pablo Celis, project manager for Aarhus Cycling City.
The labels can be scanned with smartphones, meaning that municipal staff and passersby alike can scan the code of a bike that seems abandoned, sending an email or a GPS position to the owner of the bike.
The technology was designed by an Aarhus-based company, Taglock, which started printing these labels less than a year ago. Filling the order for the city of Aarhus was their biggest contract to date.
Lars Thomsen, co-founder of Taglock, says the invention was inspired by the high rates of bike theft in Aarhus, and across the country.
“In Denmark every 8 minutes, somebody is missing a bike. It means we have approximately 300 million kroner in lost bikes every year. Bikes who cannot come home, and they’re just standing around,” says Thomsen.
“So this a simple way we can help each other.”
City takes a hopeful step
The order by the city is part of a larger project to create a more cycling-friendly city, including projects to build more secure bike racks and to distribute bike alarms to prevent theft. The city will mail the QR labels to approximately 50, 000 households in October as a pilot project.
“This is the first big roll-out now, so I would like to see how many register of the 50, 000 and then I would like to see how many of the Taglocks are reported missing, how many of these bicycles are found. If it is a success then we’ll go further to bigger distribution,” says Celis.
Bike theft victim Mia Lundquist Jensen hadn’t heard about the new QR code program, but thinks it might have helped when her bike was stolen outside a school.
“Especially now when everyone is using smartphones, it is very convenient. It sounds like a very innovative project,” says the Aarhus University student.
Taglocks still on trial
The bike rental program at Studenterhus Aarhus uses some QR code labels to help track their bikes–however, manager Anne Nielsen isn’t convinced the technology can stop bike theft for good.
“I don’t think people will stop stealing bikes, but it’ll just help drive them from one place to another,” she says.
However, people in high places are already signing onto the idea
“Last week we received an email, that at the mayor’s house, the mayor had received a taglock and had put it on his bike. So we are in progress.” says Thomsen.
Category: Danish Cycling Know How | <urn:uuid:42547a88-0b40-43a3-b16b-10278733fa20> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cycling-embassy.dk/2012/10/31/new-technology-reunites-bikes-and-owners/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00197-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965835 | 701 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Greenhouse gas concentrations continue to rise to record levels: WMO chief economisttext_fields
United Nations: Global greenhouse gas concentrations continue to rise to record levels in 2018-2019, the chief economist of World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) has told United Nations Security Council (UNSC).
"Global average greenhouse gas concentrations of CO2 (carbon dioxide) reached 405.5 parts per million in 2017 and continue to rise to record levels in 2018-2019," Professor Pavel Kabat was quoted as saying by Xinhua news agency on Friday.
"The last time the Earth experienced a comparable concentration of CO2 was 3 million to 5 million years ago, when the temperature was 2-3 degrees Celsius warmer and sea level was 10-20 meters higher than now."
The past four years have been the warmest on record, with many high-impact weather events which bear the hallmarks of climate change. The 20 warmest years on record have been in the past 22 years. The global average temperature is nearly 1 degree Celcius above the pre-industrial era, said Kabat in the WMO's first ever briefing to the Security Council.
He noted that the World Economic Forum taking place in Davos, Switzerland, has put extreme weather, natural disasters, climate change and water crises as the top four existential threats in its Global Risks Report 2019.
These show significant interconnections with other shocks and impacts to peace and security and sustainable development, he said.
Research by the WMO and its partners and network of scientists shows that sea level rise is accelerating, as is the melting of polar ice sheets, posing an increasing existential threat to small island developing countries, said Kabat.
The shrinking of Arctic sea ice affects not just the local environment and indigenous peoples, but also influences weather patterns in the world's populated regions. Glacier melt continues unchecked, with short-term impacts including increased flooding and a long-term threat to water supplies for many millions of people.
Ocean heat content is also at record levels, with far-reaching, lasting consequences for marine life, coral reefs and food security, he said.
Climate change has a multitude of security impacts, rolling back the gains in nutrition and access to food, heightening the risk of wildfires and exacerbating air quality challenges, increasing the potential for water conflict, leading to more internal displacement and migration, warned Kabat.
"It is increasingly regarded as a national security threat."
He expressed the hope for closer collaboration and for the establishment of mechanisms for future briefings to the Security Council "to provide authoritative information for decision-making and support the diplomatic business of the council in areas appropriate to the understanding and analysis of peace and security threats."
The WMO is honoured to support UN member states and the Security Council in the provision of top-quality information on weather, climate, water and environment-related threats to peace and security, he said.
Kabat said there is a need for a new political and investment paradigm to build a new generation of hydro-climate forecasting and early-warning services.
"This should become a component of basic country-infrastructure, like roads and bridges," he said. | <urn:uuid:f4f2d976-671d-4589-a5a7-f7398c65c632> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://english.madhyamam.com/science-technology/2019/jan/27/greenhouse-gas-concentrations-continue-rise-record-levels-wmo-chief-e | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.945486 | 643 | 3.015625 | 3 |
[cnn-photo-caption image= http://i2.cdn.turner.com/cnn/2009/images/01/21/art.mitchell.gi.jpg caption="Sources say Mitchell has been tapped as Mideast envoy."]WASHINGTON (CNN) - The Obama administration has asked former Sen. George Mitchell to be a special envoy to the Middle East, sources close to the administration and diplomats told CNN.
In the final days of the transition, officials talked to Israeli, Palestinian and Arab diplomats about the choice, the sources said.
Mitchell served as a Mideast envoy for the Bush administration, authoring a 2001 report that called for a halt to Israeli settlements and greater Palestinian efforts to crack down on terror.
He also was a peace broker on Northern Ireland for President Bill Clinton.
If named to the post, Mitchell would be one of several envoys who would work in the new administration.
Sources say that Dennis Ross, a former Mideast peace envoy for several previous administrations, will be an envoy in charge of engaging Iran on a wide range of issues, including its nuclear program and its support for terror groups such as Hamas and Hezbollah. Former U.N. Ambassador Richard Holbrooke, who negotiated peace in the Balkans, is expected to become an envoy dealing with Afghanistan, Pakistan and India. | <urn:uuid:f539968d-8405-4d57-a613-b0df871f05e3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2009/01/21/sources-mitchell-tapped-for-mideast-envoy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.957161 | 276 | 1.65625 | 2 |
While some cannot imagine a sunny day that lasts for months, it is quite normal for people in many parts of the world. For them, it is a time to stay awake, begin the day earlier than normal, and enjoy all the amazing adventures throughout the day and even into the night. This period also means that time becomes almost inconsequential and the body receives extra energy to stay active. But what exactly is the midnight sun and where does this fascinating phenomenon occur in the world?
It Is A Season Of Endless Sunshine
The midnight sun is a natural occurrence where the sun remains above the horizon for more than 24 hours in certain parts of the earth. Simply put, it is a time of the year when the sun remains visible even during the area's local midnight. This natural phenomenon occurs due to the earth’s tilted rotation on its axis and around the sun. The tilt stands at approximately 23.50 from the vertical which causes part of the earth at the arctic circle and the antarctic circle to become completely exposed to sunlight at certain periods of the year. In the arctic circle, the midnight sun occurs during the summer solstice while it occurs during the winter solstice in the antarctic circle.
One interesting thing about the midnight sun is that it is in different magnitudes. During the day, it is the brightest (obviously) while at night, the sun retains the type of light that characterizes sunsets, thereby making it a mesmerizing sight to behold.
Where Does The Midnight Sun Occur?
The midnight sun occurs in territories located within the arctic circle and the antarctic circle and there is a difference in magnitude within the territories. For the arctic circle, some regions farther from the northernmost parts of these territories do not experience the midnight sun in its entirety like those close enough or located in the northernmost parts and this difference in the magnitude creates unique sights that differ from place to place.
The midnight sun can be seen in the Antarctic circle but this part of the earth is largely uninhabited by humans although some research stations are located there. This, therefore, means that the Arctic Circle is the most popular place to experience the midnight sun as it includes many Nordic countries. The Land of the midnight sun is a title used to identify parts of the world that experience the midnight sun and these are the places to find this unique natural phenomenon.
While many Nordic countries experience the midnight sun, Norway is unarguably the most popular destination to experience this natural phenomenon and it is at its best in the northern parts of the country. In Svalbard - the northernmost part of Norway and Europe, the experience lasts for up to 4 months; beginning from mid-April to late August. Other scenic towns in Norway such as Tromsø, Kirkenes, Lofoten Islands, and North Cape also experience exciting periods of the midnight sun.
The midnight sun in Iceland can be seen for the greater part of the day, and sometimes, the atmosphere remains bright after sunset until the next sunrise about 3 - 4 hours later. The duration of the sun gradually increases from 18 - 20 hours in May and reaches its peak of 20 - 21 hours in June before gradually reducing in July and August where the sun is visible anywhere from 18 - 14 hours.
In Iceland, the magnitude of the midnight sun increases the further north one travels. Akureyri and Ísafjörður are some of the best places to witness the midnight sun in Iceland and Reyjavik comes behind these towns.
In Greenland’s northernmost towns, the midnight sun is visible from late April to late August. The beautiful colors it brings to the rugged landscape of this island make the experience here worth having at least once. Towns such as Qaanaaq, Nuuk, Upernavik, and Uummannaq are the best places to see the midnight sun in Greenland as the experience lasts the longest there. In regions located on the southerly parts of the island, the midnight sun is generally not visible although the light from the sun reaches these places so there is no darkness.
All parts of Finland experience the midnight sun although it is more visible and intense when one travels further north of Finland. The midnight sun lasts more than 70 days in Finland and the best place to witness the natural phenomenon here is Lapland but Helsinki also offers a surreal experience.
In Swedish Lapland which is the northernmost part of Sweden, the midnight sun remains visible for nearly 60 days from May 27 - July 18, and the sunlight hours tend to reduce the further away one is from this region. Abisko and Jokkmokk are some of the best places to see the midnight sun in Sweden.
Alaska is the northernmost state in the U.S. and this has somehow placed it in the position to also experience the unique midnight sun and beautiful northern lights as well. For more than 70 days, the sun remains above the horizon in this state making it one of the lands of the midnight sun. Fairbanks is without doubt the best place to experience this natural phenomenon in Alaska.
Canada’s arctic region is the land of the midnight sun as the sun does not set during the summer months there. Inuvik - one of Canada's northernmost regions even experience this natural phenomenon for up to 56 days. Southerly parts of the country also share from this endless daylight but the midnight sun is not usually visible in these areas. | <urn:uuid:7f8f433c-fba1-4b2e-a835-b832c6463f8b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thetravel.com/what-is-the-midnight-sun-who-experiences-it/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.944435 | 1,142 | 3.65625 | 4 |
CHICAGO WINTER WATERCOLOR CLASSES WITH INGRID
INGRID'S ORIGINALS INC.
Art Classes, art workshops, Art Class
This eight-week course is designed for ALL levels of watercolor painters. Those who are new to watercolor painting will find Ingrid's patience and understanding of the learning process, extremely valuable. Students will learn HOW TO EXPRESS instead of copying. Each class is followed by a class critique where students gain knowledge from the works of their fellow classmates. This is a FUN class where the FEAR of the blank paper disappears and everyone learns HOW to EXPRESS in paint!
, Art Classes
, art workshops | <urn:uuid:381a0a33-f5ab-4358-a18b-1c0dfa8f07f7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.hotfrog.com/business/il/chicago/ingrids-originals_27117066/chicago-winter-watercolor-classes-with-ingrid-1643390 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00320-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.893686 | 139 | 1.578125 | 2 |
There have been many high profile outages lately which have caught peoples attention. These failures are being used as an argument for why critical systems should remain internal and not be deployed as SaaS or in the Cloud. Some of these outages included Google App Engine’s performance issues in early July , Rackspace’s loss of their Dallas data center due to power failure and the fire in Seattle that took Authorize.Net offline for 12 hours to name but a few.
What amazes me is how so many people point to this and argue that this is proof for why Cloud and/or SaaS is bad and that everything should be in house. It’s preposterous. The fact that these systems went down with a data center failure (or otherwise) is nothing more than an argument for inadequate system design, where High Availability (HA) is concerned. The bottom line is it takes planning, forethought and good design to make a system highly available, and most systems simply are not designed with that in mind.
The reasons for not making a system highly available are many and include the following:
- Naivete: People don’t believe it could happen to their system and thus choose not to put in the time, effort and cost of making a system highly available
- Cost: Bottom line is it costs a lot of money to make a system HA and for a lot of firms, particularly when starting out or for smaller businesses, it just not a viable option
- Difficulty: Its bloody hard to make a system HA. Its one thing to ensure no data loss, its quite another to ensure little to no down time.
For most of my career I have built systems for the World’s largest financial companies including the World’s leading Investment Banks and Stock Exchanges. These firms take high availability very seriously as a rule, but even with their resources and decades of experience systems still go down.
Consider the London Stock Exchange (whose system I did not design), who last year had a very public outage when they were down for most of a trading day. This was not a SaaS system or one deployed in a Cloud. It was an internal system run by a highly reputable company whose business is based on being reliable and never losing a trade. These exchanges, for the most part, have highly redundant systems, multiple backup data centers, design for High Availability and run fail over tests regularly, yet they still experience downtime from time to time.
The point is, failures happen, whether the system is run internally, or in the cloud. Whether its a SaaS system or one of home grown legacy design. The objective is to minimize those failures and the downtime associated with them.
That said, with today’s technologies, some careful planning and good design, it is possible to build systems that should almost never go down, even in the face of a 9/11 type event, but that’s a topic for another day.
(Guest post by Paul Michaud, Global Executive IT Architect for the Financial Markets sector at IBM. Paul blogs @ Technology Musings) | <urn:uuid:a06360e2-0258-43a8-9542-feed2fa61d67> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.cloudave.com/1711/its-inadequate-design-that-lets-systems-fail-not-whether-they-are-saas-or-deployed-in-the-cloud/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00138-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968798 | 638 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Definition of 'Treasury Budget'
The annual fiscal year begins in October and changes in the budget balance are followed as an indicator of budgetary trends and the impact of fiscal policy.
Budget deficits and surpluses are watched closely because they will directly impact the issuing of T-Bills,T-Notes, T-Bonds. If the federal government is running a deficit then more treasuries will need to be issued to finance this deficit which will increase the supply of treasuries and theoretically reduce the demand. Conversely if there's a budget surplus then the supply of treasuries should shrink causing an increase in bond prices as supply falls relative to a constant demand.
Check the Economic Events Calendar to see if this or other announcements are taking place in the next 5 days.
Do you have a trading or investing definition for our dictionary? Click the Create Definition link to add your own definition. You will earn 150 bonus reputation points for each definition that is accepted.
Is this definition wrong? Let us know by posting to the forum and we will correct it. | <urn:uuid:4bbe0d71-98e5-4607-98c4-7d196eb97ebe> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mypivots.com/dictionary/definition/322/treasury-budget | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00007-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931281 | 217 | 2.984375 | 3 |
The mathematically-inclined Arduino enthusiast will enjoy this project by Tim Fraser, who has created a way of interpreting Lambda Calculus - which in his words is:
... a formal system (programming language) developed by Alonzo Church in the 1930's to attack the deepest mathematical problem of the day. This was the Entscheidungsproblem, the question of whether or not there exists an algorithm capable of deciding the truth or falsehood of all statements in mathematics.
Although the Arduino is limited due to the processing and memory capability, this is still an interesting project. For more detailed explanations, sketch and more - visit Tim's project page. And we're on twitter and Google+, so follow us for news and product updates as well.
If you want to recreate this project, you can make it even smaller by using the Freetronics LeoStick:
Apart from being one of the smallest Arduino-compatibles on the market with USB, it also has an onboard RGB LED and piezo which can be used a knock sensor and various tune and sound effects. For more information and to order, click here. | <urn:uuid:11796dd9-e91c-4429-94ce-6193da90cda7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.freetronics.com.au/blogs/news/6457942-lambda-calculus-in-a-can-with-arduino | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00043-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929924 | 231 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Many furniture makers attach cleaning labels to furniture, either under the cushions or on a fabric sample tag. These labels may include a letter that indicates the cleaning method recommended for that furniture and upholstery. It is recommended that you clean upholstery labelled "W" with water-based soaps and cleaners; clean furniture labelled "WS" with either a water-based cleaner or a solvent. Furniture labelled "S" is usually rayon or silk that requires dry-cleaning solvents. Water-based cleaners may shrink these fabrics or leave a permanent water stain.
- Skill level:
Other People Are Reading
Things you need
- Spoon or butter knife
- Paper towel
- Clean white cloths
- Dry-cleaning solvent
Scrape any solid dirt or matter off the upholstery with a spoon or butter knife.
If a spill is fresh, blot the upholstery with paper towels or clean white cloths to remove excess liquid.
Apply a small amount of dry-cleaning solvent to a white cloth, and blot the upholstery gently.
Blot stains by working from the outside of the stain inward to prevent the stain from spreading.
Apply a clean, dry cloth to the stain to blot up the dry-cleaning solvent.
- 20 of the funniest online reviews ever
- 14 Biggest lies people tell in online dating sites
- Hilarious things Google thinks you're trying to search for | <urn:uuid:3fd722e8-e094-4c15-b06a-992050a43c3e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ehow.co.uk/how_5247424_dry-clean-upholstery.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00072-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.91064 | 299 | 1.945313 | 2 |
1. Violently beat against the stall walls screaming, "BEES...OH GOD BEES...."
2. Say, "uh oh, I knew I shouldn't have put my lips on that."
3. Cheer and clap loudly every time somebody breaks the silence with
a bodily function noise.
4. Say, "Damn, this water's cold." Pause a moment and say, "And Deep"
5. Drop a marble and say, "Oh no! My glass eye!"
6. Say, "Hmmm, I've never seen that color before."
7. Grunt and strain real loud for 30 seconds and then drop a
cantelope into the toilet bowl from a height of six feet. Sigh
8. Say, "Now how did that get in there."
9. Say, "Humus. Reminds me of humus."
10. Fill up a large flask with Mountain Dew. Squirt it erratically
under the stall walls of your neighbor's while yelling, "Whoa! Easy
11. Say, "Interesting............. more floaters than sinkers.'"
12. Using a small squeeze tube, spread peanut butter on a wad of
toilet paper and drop the wad under the stall of your neighbor. Then
say, "Whoops, could you kick that back over here please?"
13. Say, "C'mon Mr. Happy! Don't fall asleep on me now."
14. Fill a balloon with cream corn. Rush into the stall with your
hand over your mouth and let out a lengthy vomit impression while you
squeeze the balloon and splatter cream corn all about. Apologize
profusely and blame it on the fettucine alfredo you had for breakfast.
15. Say, "Boy, that sure looks like a maggott."
16. Say, "Damn, I knew that drain hole was a little too small. Now
what am I gonna do?"
17. Play a well known drum cadence over and over again on your butt
18. Before you un-roll toilet paper, conspicuously lay down your
"Cross-Dressers Anonymous" newsletter on the floor visible to the
19. Lower a small mirror underneath the stall wall, adjust it so you
can see your neighbor and say, "Peek-a-boo!"
20. Drop a D-cup bra on the floor under the stall wall and sing "Born
Bonus: Fold a ketchup packet in half and leave it on the nubs under the toilet seat, then sit in the other stall and wait. (thanks to DevilDog82) | <urn:uuid:a30772f3-baca-413f-92a0-fed3eee4bc56> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ebaumsworld.com/blogs/ways-to-annoy-your-stall-mate-in-a-public-toilet/962654/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00082-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.900034 | 559 | 1.585938 | 2 |
1. By whom, and for whom, has this edition of "The Last Days of Socrates" been prepared?
This edition of "The Last Days of Socrates" was prepared by professionals and scholars, and was designed to serve the educational market, especially college and university students.
2. According to the introductory chapter, why have the notes been included with the text of the Socratic dialogues?
The preparers of this edition of "The Last Days of Socrates" included notes along with the text of the dialogues, because the dialogues themselves are an ancient text; therefore, they can be difficult to understand without the background and cultural information provided in the notes.
3. What does Tarrant say in the introductory notes about other versions of these dialogues?
Tarrant explains that because these dialogues are so famous, there are quite a few editions available from many different publishers. The bulk of these, according to Tarrant, will be quite good, but this version is unique in its notes and pagination.
This section contains 2,741 words
(approx. 10 pages at 300 words per page) | <urn:uuid:18c02945-270f-4542-9e7a-e6425c30a8fa> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bookrags.com/lessonplan/the-last-days-of-socrates/shortessaykey.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00533-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963744 | 233 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Barnier to probe industry's ability to provide sufficient cover
The European Commission has announced a probe into the insurance industry’s ability to provide adequate cover against natural catastrophes, particularly flooding.
Michel Barnier, commissioner for internal market and services, announced yesterday at the European Parliament in Strasbourg that the commission would carry out an in-depth examination of insurance schemes covering national catastrophes, in particular flooding.
This announcement came in response to an oral question by Irish MEP, Seán Kelly, in which he said the market had been unable to provide “adequate cover" against flooding in certain member states.
Mr Kelly's question follows severe flooding in Ireland and the United Kingdom in November and December. It also comes shortly after the deaths of more than 50 people in violent floods caused by the Xynthia storm in France at the end of last month.
As part of its investigation, the commission will talk to member states and insurance experts to exchange examples of best practice and to establish the appropriate level for fixing priorities. This process will culminate in a conference that the commission will organize next year.
As special advisor to commission president José Manuel Barroso, Barnier presented a report proposing the creation of European civil protection force in May 2006. | <urn:uuid:eb2197d3-bb3a-4f0a-b2af-3aa3d761860f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.insurancetimes.co.uk/european-commission-announces-insurance-investigation/1383303.article | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.960095 | 257 | 1.609375 | 2 |
More Deer Test Positive for Wasting Disease in Montana
BILLINGS, Mont. (AP) — Nine more deer killed by hunters in Montana have tested positive for chronic wasting disease.
The latest findings bring to 22 the number of deer that have tested positive this season for the deadly brain wasting disease. Also known as CWD, it can affect the nervous systems of deer, elk and moose.
Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks said positive test results came back on two mule deer and a white-tailed deer shot south of Billings in Carbon County. Along the Hi-Line in northern Montana, the disease tally included three deer in Blaine County, two in Valley County and one in Phillips County.
State officials have said they could expand restrictions on the transport of brain or spinal column material from animals harvested in areas where the disease was found. | <urn:uuid:236ef92e-18b7-441f-9bda-3b9e37ce2dfa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kmmsam.com/more-deer-test-positive-for-wasting-disease-in-montana/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.951823 | 174 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Caregiver Stress: It’s Not What You Think
A quick Internet search for “caregiver stress” will yield millions of results. Everyone has an opinion on the topic, and there are more statistics than you can imagine. There is even a diagnosis called “Caregiver Stress Syndrome.” This is obviously something very real, impacting the caregiving community. So how do you treat the problem? Again, back to your Internet search and you will find oodles of symptom management pages, but in my opinion, there lies the real problem. People are treating the symptoms.
Treating Symptoms V. Cause
Let’s look at how the Mayo Clinic suggest treating caregiver stress. I’m selecting the Mayo Clinic because they have published a position paper and they are a recognized authority in the medical community. To summarize the article’s strategies for dealing with caregiver stress into one sentence, it states: accept help, focus on what you are able to provide, set realistic goals, get connected, join a support group, seek social support, set personal health goals, see your doctor.
I’m going to suggest to you that these strategies address the symptoms of caregiver stress, not the cause. If the goal is to minimize caregiver stress, then the focus has to be on addressing the cause, not the symptom.
To address the cause of caregiver stress, proper identification of stress is needed. The Merriam-Webster dictionary definition of stress is “a state of mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from adverse or very demanding circumstances”. The Cleveland Clinic defines stress as “Stress is the body’s reaction to any change that requires an adjustment or response. The body reacts to these changes with physical, mental, and emotional responses. Stress is a normal part of life. You can experience stress from your environment, your body, and your thoughts. Even positive life changes such as a promotion, a mortgage, or the birth of a child produce stress.” I believe the Cleveland Clinic is getting closer to the root cause, but feel they come up short on providing the caregiver with the tools to address stress.
Enough of dodging the topic! So, what is my definition of stress? Stress is the misalignment/mismatch of expectations. It can occur in your job or personal life. It may manifest from:
- Poor communications
- Urgency pressures
What Can You Control?
As a caregiver, you must recognize that you can only control what is within your control. For everything else, consider:
- Make recommendations to counter what is outside your control
- Delegate or ask for specific help
- Clarify communication
- Escalate to the next level of management
- As a last resort, remove yourself from the situation (temporarily or permanently)
Take a moment and digest this definition … stress is the misalignment/mismatch of expectations. The traditional approaches to addressing stress focus on caregiver self-care, such as taking a walk, listening to music, journaling, meditation, etc. These approaches are important but do not address the mismatch of expectations that is causing the stress. Now, let’s apply it to some caregiver situations and see how you might reduce your stress by setting and managing expectations.
|Stressor: Insufficient supplies provided by agency. For example, you expected 1 week of medication/supplies and received a partial shipment. |
Mismatch of Expectations: Due to a limited amount of supplies, causes stress to the caregiver. Now they have to scramble and obtain necessary supplies.
|1. Contact agency nurse / representative|
2. Review care plan with agency; learn why the supplies were cut
3. Address with the agency the necessity for the supplies
4. Obtain agency commitment to provide the ordered supplies and that care is not interrupted
5. Escalate as appropriate with agency and/or physician
|Stressor: Home health aide does not arrive for the morning shift, as scheduled, and did not advise anyone. The patient is alone with limited mobility and needs assistance with activities of daily living. |
Mismatch of Expectations: Due to poor communication or scheduling, the patient is in a compromising situation and needs immediate assistance. Someone must arrange for a caregiver and provide the caregiving services until a caregiver arrives.
|1. Contact agency nurse / representative|
2. Find someone to provide immediate caregiving services
3. Address with staffing problem with the agency
4. Develop a backup caregiving plan
|Stressor: Loved one is declining faster than expected |
Mismatch of Expectations: The stress from this situation can impact your loved one, family, and the caregiver. Common reasons may include: a lack of understanding of the condition progression, an unwillingness to accept the diagnosis, or unanticipated complications.
|1. Write down questions to ask the healthcare provider|
2. Obtain an understanding of the current symptoms are temporary or a decline in condition
3. Determine if clinical information is being kept from the loved one, causing them distress
4. Seek clarification on the care plan
| Stressor: Ineffective handoff between caregivers causing care or treatment to not meet the loved one’s needs |
Mismatch of Expectations: The stress from this situation can impact your loved one, family, and the caregiver. Common reasons may include: poor communications, lack of follow-through, or comprehensive documentation of care.
|1. Define how you will communicate. This can be paper, whiteboard, app, etc.|
2. Define the items that must be discussed and documented at each handoff. E.g. medications, vitals, feeding, toileting, pain & symptom management, level of consciousness and mood
It is my sincere hope that I have offered you a different perspective on how to better understand and manage caregiver stress. | <urn:uuid:0d693600-4069-4dc4-bba2-fc4b8137eb12> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://judithsands.com/caregiver-stress-its-not-what-you-think/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.926295 | 1,260 | 2.375 | 2 |
A couple of weeks ago, I interviewed Rebecca, a 25 year old Yale graduate. We talked about the Era of Connection and the shift into the Era of Protection.
“An important thing to understand,” Rebecca began, ” is that my parents and I have a very different views of protection. For my parents, protection is control: it is a 401K and equity in their home. For me, protection is fluid and based on others: it is a rich and authentic social network. For example, I just left a fantastic job and my parents are concerned, but, really, I’m not. I have a rich social network of friends and mentors to guide me. I know I can count on them and that they can count on me, I have places to stay and people to connect with. Through my network, I’ll know what’s going on, find interesting opportunities and have support while I am exploring.”
Millenials grew up with social networks that grew organically. They don’t hesitate to “friend” someone from their third grade class — and then sleep on their couch as they drive across country. These kind of thing is as natural to a Millenial as a telephone was to a Boomer in his/her teen years. Rebecca’s world view has been shaped significantly by her experiences growing up, along with her peers, as an active participant on social networks.
Douglas Atkin, founded The Glue Project. We discussed Rebecca and he’s added his own related insights about community to this story. | <urn:uuid:1965c9e5-7927-4d41-a1bd-15697ceb3454> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://lindastone.net/2009/12/01/what-is-it-to-protect-and-feel-protected-boomers-vs-millenials/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00390-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975226 | 328 | 1.929688 | 2 |
How to Save for a Mortgage
Did you know that over 5.6 million Americans bought a house last year?
If you’ve been dreaming of buying your first house or upgrading your current living space, then getting a mortgage is essential. Since houses are huge investments, saving up can seem easier said than done.
Do you need help figuring out how to save for a mortgage? Keep reading for 5 accessible tips that will help you reach your financial goals.
1. Revisit Your Expenses
Saving for a mortgage will be a lot more manageable if you can find clever ways to trim your expenses. Even dropping small habits like buying coffee instead of making it yourself can add up over time.
From cutting the cable cord to thrifting and even downsizing or moving in with your parents, this is some advice about home ownership that can help you make the best decision.
2. Ask for a Raise
Since the average mortgage deposit is around 1-3% of the closing cost on your house, you need to set aside money for this fee in addition to your down payment. Instead of working harder, why not work smarter by asking for a raise?
Advocating for yourself may seem scary, but it’s an important life skill. As long as you practice your speech and maintain a respectful tone, the conversation will go well even if your request gets denied.
3. Consider Getting a Side Hustle
If you’re serious about buying a home in the near future, then picking up extra income can work wonders for your savings. The best types of side hustles are the ones that allow you to set your own hours and pay.
From teaching English online to transcription work and driving for ride-sharing companies, there are lots of great opportunities out there.
4. Work on Paying Down Your Debt
It may sound counterintuitive to direct your money toward your debt if you’re trying to save. The truth is that people who have lower debts are more attractive candidates for mortgages.
One popular strategy is called the snowball method, which involves paying down the loans with the highest interest first then working your way down.
5. Open a High-Yield Savings Account
If you can’t tie your money up in the stock market, then opening a high-yield savings account is a much better alternative than keeping it in a traditional savings account.
Traditional savings accounts tend to pay around 0.06% interest while an HYSA can help you earn 0.6% or higher in a better economy.
Now You Know How to Save for a Mortgage
It’s always a wise idea to build up your savings before you fill out a mortgage application. By following these tips on how to save for a mortgage, you’ll be able to buy your dream home in no time.
While you’re saving up for your new home, it can be inspiring to learn about how you can make your house as beautiful and welcoming as possible. Our blog strives to publish the best real estate and home tips and news. Click around our site so you can work on becoming the most informed homeowner. | <urn:uuid:67bf87a2-6f83-4878-a1f2-26fdc716f515> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://revamphomegoods.com/how-to-save-for-a-mortgage/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.941226 | 644 | 1.695313 | 2 |
With the impact of COVID -19 and well as shortages of ECT and qualified Educators, what do services do when an Educator is absent or when a temporary replacement of ECTs is required due to staff shortages or illness. The following explains how to ensure staff ratios are compliant when an ECT is absent, no ECT is present at the service, an ECT has not completed their qualification and more.
The Quality Support Program, Dual Program Pathways is a professional learning partnership between ACECQA and the NSW Department of Education as the NSW Regulatory Authority (RA) for children’s education and care services and providers.
The Australian Government Department of Education has declared a period of emergency for families and early childhood services in 23 Local Government Areas in NSW plus Jervis Bay, which have been affected by severe weather, including flooding.
As part of what the state premiers have called as "the greatest chance of early education in a generation," Victoria and New South Wales will implement a new year of play-based learning for children before they start school. The programme, known as "pre-prep" in Victoria and "pre-kindergarten" in NSW, will consist of 30 hours of play-based learning each week for all four-year-olds.
In response to the Royal Commission regarding institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, The Teacher Accreditation Act 2004 has been amended. From now on the New South Wales Education Standards Authority (NESA) will be making decisions about teacher accreditation at all levels, including the early childhood sector. | <urn:uuid:b4b418f4-dbaa-4ce1-9c57-4edc34bb75fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aussiechildcarenetwork.com.au/news/childcare-news/tag/NSW | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.970154 | 321 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Online MA in TESOL!
Dave's Dubious Spelling Bee
A great way to help teach and test some of your beginning to advanced students spelling is to conduct an old fashioned spelling bee in your class. Only you can divide the class into two or more groups and have them compete. This way you avoid some of the pressure of the dreaded traditional elementary school spelling bee. Perhaps include the bee as part of a lesson on a topic and ask for the spellings of words within this topic.
Chapel Hill, NC
World's Best Jobs!
Dave's ESL Cafe Copyright © 2016 Dave Sperling. All Rights Reserved. | <urn:uuid:576dec67-6bd7-4518-a95f-2702f1ec78b2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.eslcafe.com/idea/index.cgi?display:924459154-19776.txt | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00107-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936084 | 131 | 2.5 | 2 |
What Caused The Disappearance Of The Iconic Bench Front Seats In Cars
Over time, automobiles as we know them certainly tend to evolve. This can happen in a whole plethora of ways and sometimes, almost every way. In fact, when we take a look at a car from, say 1980, and a car from 2020, there probably isn’t all that much they have in common. Sure, some might find a couple of features that these cars share but almost everything has changed in that span of time.
In fact, over the years, there are some features that might be wildly popular that just cease to exist. There are situations where it’s overnight but other times, these features just fade away and become less and less popular until they are almost unheard of. Sometimes, no matter how simple these features might be, we might even find ourselves getting a little bit nostalgic for them in a way.
This time, we check in with a feature from CNBC that takes the opportunity to dive into one of these features that has simply gone missing in the auto market. The bench seat used to be a staple of pretty much every vehicle that money could buy. However, as the timeline would unfold, we would eventually evolve into an era where the bench seat is relatively unheard of. In fact, it might almost strike us as a little bit strange for a vehicle outside of a standard bottom of the line pickup truck to have something like this.
By following along with the video below, we get a sort of lesson in the anthropology of the automobile. Over the years, human wants and needs have changed and the offerings with vehicles have certainly gotten broader. From preference all the way to new technology and a different way of laying things out, this video explains the strange disappearance of the bench seat in cars as we know them. | <urn:uuid:449c08eb-ac3c-4c7c-9995-bef44168894a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.speedsociety.com/what-caused-the-disappearance-of-the-iconic-bench-front-seats-in-cars/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.975785 | 370 | 1.90625 | 2 |
The sauna treats the skin, body and mind holistically, but did you know that in addition to the relaxing effect, it also has many benefits for the skin?
SAUNA STIMULATES BLOOD CIRCULATION AND CLEANSES THE SKIN
Sauna relaxes your skin – as long as it is not not too hot and if you don’t stay there for too long continuously.
The heat of sauna increases blood circulation and this also improves the metabolism of the skin. The increased blood circulation brings more oxygen and nutrients to the skin. This makes your skin look healthier. Heat also relaxes and this eases tension on the face and shoulders. The fresh glow on the skin after the sauna is partly based on this. Perspiration of the skin opens pores and cleanses, allowing certain skin problems such as acne, pimples and blackheads to ease. Warm steam also moisturizes the skin, so it suits well for dry and aging skin types.
BODY SCRUBS, MASKS AND SKIN MASSAGE ARE A PERFECT MATCH WITH SAUNA
The sauna prepares the skin for a wide variety of treatments. It is advisable also to do a dry brushing before starting the treatments. Before entering the heat of sauna, your skin should be clean, so begin by washing yourself thoroughly.
Perfect treatments for the sauna are for example, peelings and different masks. When the skin softens and warms up, it is more receptive. Peeling also cleanses the skin more thoroughly, allowing other active substances to be better absorbed.
You can also make a peeling mixture yourself by adding a small amount of finely grained sea salt to high-quality facial oil or running honey. For the whole body, the absolutely best mixture is a paste made of honey and fine sea salt. If your skin is very sensitive or couperotic, just let the paste affect your skin without a massage.
After peeling, finalize the treatment with a mask. You can make your own easy mask by mixing a little amount of good serum with facial oil and adding organic oatmeal and rose water in it. The probiotics in oats maintain and increase the proportion of good bacteria on the skin and contribute to the normal functioning of the skin. The rose, on the other hand, calms and reduces redness of the skin. Let the mask stay on the rest of the sauna session. Light facial massage boosts skin circulation.
Other good treatments for the sauna are foot baths, poultices, and whisking. There are a lot of different plants that are awesome for these purposes.
COUPEROSA AND ROSACEA SKIN IN THE SAUNA?
Heat activates the skin and accelerates its blood circulation. If your skin is sensitive it should always be protected it in the sauna. It is good to choose a high-quality serum that does not block pores. You can also try a towel soaked in cold rose water to protect the face. This prevents heat from entering the skin, treats and ease redness. In addition to rose, also oat soothes and cares sensitive skin.
PRODUCTS SUITABLE FOR SAUNA TREATMENTS
Personally, whenever possible, I prefer fresh plants. I add plants to basic ingredients such as fine sea salt, honey and oats. In the winter, I poach dried plants or use them as they are. I also use high-quality skin oil as a base for masks and peelings. Circulove brand has a good product range due to its versatility and nurturability. I personally have a sensitive and couperotic skin and I find them to suite best for me. The series is also ecological and high Finnish quality. The whole product range is also available at Terhen webshop.
For skin cleansing, I use Circulove CLEAN Micellar water with a pH of 5.5. If you have sensitive skin, you can protect it during sauna with a soothing Circulove CALM serum. As I suffer from couperosa myself, I always protect my skin in the sauna.
As a base for peelings and masks, I recommend to try Circulove SMOOTH facial oil, it does not block pores and treat the skin at the same time. The smell is mild and pleasant and in the manufacturing process all the raw materials are fully fermented, which helps in the absorption of active substances and affects the value of the skin PH favorably.
All Circulove products are suitable both for women and men of all ages, but when using any plants be aware of your own hypersensitivity and collect them accordance with everyman’s rights. Plenty of good tips for plants used in skin care can be found in Terhi Ruutu´s Sauna Therapy -book.
Let’s bathe, pamper the skin and soul, forget all the haste and sorrows for a moment. Let’s enjoy the summer and what nature has to offer! And finally, be sure to drink plenty of water throughout the sauna process!
Anna Velten is Terhen’s Sauna Host and wild herb enthusiast.
Expert: Circulove cosmetologist | <urn:uuid:10e171c6-25b2-415b-bb4d-9e5bc05a175a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://circulove.com/clean-beauty/let-sauna-pamper-your-skin/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.926053 | 1,082 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Excellent teaching and research is paramount for successful studies, but life outside the classroom is important too. Students of the KH enjoy their breaks in our Café Bohne and the Caritas canteen. Public talks and lecture series encourage lively discussions with members of the public. Various artists and specialists are invited to present and exhibit their works, which is a great way of expanding our students' horizons. Our course parties are the perfect way to leave your daily routine behind and help you feel part of the KH family.
Buddy program "BIS" (German: Betreuungsprogramm für internationale Studierende)
The aim of this program is to support the social integration of foreign students on campus and to promote intercultural exchange among national and international students.
Students groups and workshops available include, writing workshops, tutorials in subjects such as Family Law, Child and Youth Welfare Law, trips, barbecues, theatre visits, cooking evenings, German language courses etc.
Mzeo Wegmann (Social work student from Georgia)
AStA (Allgemeiner Studierenden Ausschuss = Student Union)
What does AStA do?
- representing the interests and needs of students at our university
- networking with other institutions within the university and with other colleges or initiatives
- establishing connections between students and university administration
- organizing events, coordinating student groups
Current student groups include: swimming, climbing, volleyball, oriental dance, yoga, mime, speedminton
Student Services Freiburg (Studierendenwerk Freiburg)
In Germany, the "Studierendenwerk", is an organisation that provides support services to students. Students can avail of these services by paying a social service contribution to the Studierendenwerk at the beginning of each semester. Services include access to cafeterias, student accommodation, various advice centres, childcare facilities, cultural events, and membership of the International Club of Freiburg, which is the meeting point for all students from Germany and abroad.
Their websites are:
www.swfr.de/en/ and www.studieren-in-freiburg.com (German)
Leisure activities by Student Services
Student Services Freiburg offers a low cost or even free leisure and activity program every semester. The program covers cultural events, excursions, sports and recreation as well as seminars dealing with learning techniques, time management, etc.: www.swfr.de/en/events/
Sports for students
Do you like sports? A large number of both popular and competitive sports, health and well-being activities, fitness courses and international sporting events are available to all students in Freiburg.
More info: www.hochschulsport.uni-freiburg.de | <urn:uuid:2bc1a9c7-4792-4ad3-9930-e669ae3f57b2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kh-freiburg.de/en/who-we-are/living-in-freiburg/campus-life | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.912508 | 626 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Russia’s President Vladimir Putin signs documents recognizing Donetsk and Lugansk People’s Republics. Photo Credit: Kremlin.ru
https://www.eurasiareview.com-By The Jamestown Foundation
By Pavel Felgenhauer*
On February 21, 2022, Russian President Vladimir Putin recognized the Moscow-backed, breakaway Donbas statelets of the Donetsk People’s Republic (DPR) and the Luhansk People’s Republic (LPR) as independent sovereign countries, establishing bilateral diplomatic relations and signing defense and friendship treaties with both (see EDM, February 22). The Russian State Duma and Federation Council (lower and upper chambers of parliament, respectively) ratified the treaties without delay. The DPR/LPR promptly asked Moscow to provide military assistance against alleged “Ukrainian aggression”; and in the early hours of February 24, the Kremlin broadcast Putin’s televised address, effectively declaring war on Ukraine.
In an angry rant, Putin explicitly decried the United States (“the Empire of lies”) and its allies for ignoring his “red lines” and security demands. Putin denounced Ukraine as a “fascist” state ruled by a “junta” that has been “genocidally” killing and abusing the people of Donbas. The Russian leader stressed his quarrel was not with the Ukrainian people or Ukrainian soldiers (who may lay down arms and freely go home), but the purportedly nationalist and fascist rulers in Kyiv will pay the price. Ukraine must undergo a process of “denazification.” Putin promised to arrest and indict nationalists and “Nazis” who allegedly attacked Russians and Russian-speakers (Interfax, February 24).
Putin’s war-declaration address was apparently pre-recorded. In fact, Putin shared the main points of his long speech with journalists before it was actually released (Kremlin.ru, February 22). Officially, the Russian “special operation” in Ukraine was launched to support DPR/LPR separatists. But its scope is much wider. Putin has demanded that Kyiv, together with Washington and its allies, recognize Crimea as Russian territory and Ukraine must forever renounce aspirations to membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Putin has been in office since 2000 and has interacted with five different Ukrainian presidents.
A new administration, Putin complained, may again decide to seek NATO membership. So the central Russian demand and objective of the “special operation” is the full demilitarization of Ukraine: the defeat, destruction, disarmament and permanent demobilization of the Ukrainian military. A future Ukraine may not have any armed forces that, according to Putin, would pose a threat to Russia. Putin insisted, “Russia has no desire to occupy Ukraine.” However, the Kremlin ruler asserted, the border separating both nations is superficial, and eventually Ukrainians and Russians will be one. Putin insisted Russian soldiers must treat Ukrainians well, especially troops laying down their arms (Interfax, February 24).
In addition, Putin promised to allow different Ukrainian “peoples” or narodi (in the plural) the same right of full self-determination as the DPR/LPR. Apparently, Putin wants to break up Ukraine into an array of statelets—an easy-to-control, balkanized buffer zone between Russia and NATO, without its own effective military. Even Finland, which between 1945 and 1991 was a de facto Soviet vassal, received a better “Finlandization” deal. Only Nazi Germany after 1945 was treated in a similarly punitive manner: broken up and demilitarized. Putin is insisting modern-day Ukraine is also ruled by “Nazis,” and according to the Russian narrative, they are similarly guilty of “genocide”—an accusation rebuffed by practically everyone outside of the Kremlin (Interfax, February 24).
To perform this demilitarization, balkanization (“pro-self-determination”) and “denazification” of Ukraine, Russian troops would need to successfully occupy the entire country and keep it under control for a long time, no matter what the Kremlin public relations machine articulates. The “denazification” objective naturally lends itself to self-declared permissions to exile, incarcerate or outright kill the Ukrainian political elite, thus ensuring Ukraine will never rise again as an independent state. To achieve Putin’s political goals, Russian forces will have to vigorously advance on multiple fronts, deep into Ukraine, and totally defeat the Ukrainian military.
On the first day of war, the Russian military launched a wave of attacks using precision-guided ballistic, cruise and anti-radar missiles to hit airfields, radar facilities, munitions depots and other fixed land targets. Many radar stations were hit and destroyed. Airfields are much harder to raze using conventionally-tipped cruise missiles, but the Russian Military of Defense claimed victory (Interfax, February 24).
DPR/LPR and Russian forces simultaneously began an offensive in Donbas, which has not been particularly successful so far. Russian armor of the 1st Guards Tank Army attacked Ukraine’s second-largest city, the predominantly Russian-speaking Kharkiv, close to the border. But the city continues to resist. Russian armor and motorized rifle infantry successfully broke out of Crimea, occupying towns and territory up to the Dnepr River. In a bold move, a group of Russian commandos landed, by helicopter, north of Kyiv and captured the Antonov Airport (a.k.a. Hostomel Airport)—an international cargo airfield and testing facility with a large runway. This airport can be used to establish a bridgehead to bring in paratrooper reinforcements and weapons by air. Finally, an armored column has been advancing from Belarus through the Chernobyl radioactive zone to link up with the commandos (Focus.ua, February 24).
The results of the first day of fighting are mixed. Russia failed to generate enough “shock and awe” right away to convince the Ukrainians of the futility to resist further. Possibly, Putin and his generals actually believed their own propaganda about Ukrainians greeting Russians as liberators and the defending soldiers putting down their arms; as such, the Russian side failed to employ the full force of the bombing sledgehammer they had used so effectively in Syria.
The Ukrainian resistance seems to be picking up; volunteers are joining the fight; and the Russian advance was not as robust or swift as could be expected with its air and long-range weapons superiority. But the Russian offensive north of Crimea in Kherson Oblast is surely troubling for the defenders, as is the fast-moving situation around Antonov Airport, which could threaten to bring the war directly into Kyiv’s city limits (the latest reports claim the Ukrainians have reestablished full control of Hostomel, at least for now—Twitter.com/KyivPost, February 24). Whereas, fighting using high explosives and heavy weapons inside the Chernobyl exclusion zone could send clouds of radioactive dust (presently under a thin layer of soil) high into the atmosphere, from where it could travel on the wind to reach much of the rest of the continent.
Russia has closed its embassy in Kyiv and evacuated its diplomats. Kyiv, in turn, has severed diplomatic relations with Moscow (Interfax, February 24). The time for diplomacy is over. The future of the region and maybe Europe more generally will be decided on the battlefield.
*About the author: Dr. Pavel E. Felgenhauer is a Moscow-based defense analyst and columnist for Novaya Gazeta. He served as senior research officer in the Soviet Academy of Sciences, from where he received his Ph.D. Dr. Felgenhauer has published widely on Russian foreign and defense policies, military doctrine, arms trade and the military-industrial complex. He comments regularly in local and international media on Russia’s defense-related problems.
Source: This article was published by The Jamestown Foundation’s Eurasia Daily Monitor Volume: 19 Issue: 24
The Jamestown Foundation
The Jamestown Foundation’s mission is to inform and educate policy makers and the broader community about events and trends in those societies which are strategically or tactically important to the United States and which frequently restrict access to such information. Utilizing indigenous and primary sources, Jamestown’s material is delivered without political bias, filter or agenda. It is often the only source of information which should be, but is not always, available through official or intelligence channels, especially in regard to Eurasia and terrorism. | <urn:uuid:c2a11ce1-ec9a-492b-87ba-d77a8ab0cf23> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.yerepouni-news.com/demilitarize-balkanize-de-nazify-russias-aggressive-war-against-ukraine-begins-analysis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.951775 | 1,792 | 2.34375 | 2 |
October 18, 2011
In an effort to achieve a stylish mane, many women inadvertently overprocess their hair, resulting in damage that leaves their strands thin, coarse and lifeless. Regularly applying extreme heat from blow dryers and flat irons, as well as using chemicals like perms, relaxers and coloring products, can often do more harm than good.
If you are trying to resuscitate withering locks, you may be looking for miraculous hair products or trying to find a hair salon that specializes in saving damaged hair. Even if you do find a great beautician, you'll need to learn how to maintain your hair at home in between visits to a professional.
Start by purchasing high-quality products. It is best to stick with the same brand for all of your hair care needs, so find a shampoo, conditioner and moisturizer from one company. When dealing with damaged hair, its beneficial to add extra steps to your routine. Incorporate a hair mask, like the Phytokarit Ultra Nourishing Mask, which blends natural ingredients stocked full of fatty acids, including plant butters and oils, in order to leave the hair silky smooth.
share this article | <urn:uuid:f4e7424f-60f0-4bf8-ae3f-360eab5b4afa> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.timetospa.com/knowledgecenter/post/2011/10/18/800621214.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00356-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965592 | 243 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Definitions for economies
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word economies
Plural form of economy.
British National Corpus
Spoken Corpus Frequency
Rank popularity for the word 'economies' in Spoken Corpus Frequency: #4746
The numerical value of economies in Chaldean Numerology is: 4
The numerical value of economies in Pythagorean Numerology is: 8
Sample Sentences & Example Usage
They're very large operations, lending themselves to economies of scale.
The problem will continue to increase globally as economies and technologies improve.
The challenge against Iran will mean an expanded effort to work with Asian economies.
I think that was the bifurcation point. A lot of OPEC economies were starting to falter.
The petty economies of the rich are just as amazing as the silly extravagances of the poor.
Images & Illustrations of economies
Translations for economies
From our Multilingual Translation Dictionary
Get even more translations for economies »
Find a translation for the economies definition in other languages:
Select another language: | <urn:uuid:110a5420-63b7-4895-b5e4-913ee38cddda> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.definitions.net/definition/economies | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00460-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.771279 | 222 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Front Text: George Sumner Huntington was born on April 9, 1850, in East Hampton, Long Island, New York. His father and grandfather had both been medical practitioners, and George followed them into the medical profession, graduating from Columbia University in 1871 at the age of 21. The following year he moved to Pomeroy and married Mary E. Heckard. On February 15, 1872, Dr. Huntington traveled to Middleport to address the local medical society, composed of physicians of Meigs County, Ohio and Mason County, West Virginia. As a child, George had accompanied his father on sick calls, observing common and uncommon afflictions. On one such visit, he witnessed a family afflicted by chorea, a nervous disorder marked by uncontrollable and irregular movements of the arms, legs, and face. His address in Middleport, titled "On Chorea," referenced what would be known later as Huntington's Disease. (continued on other side) Back Text: (continued from other side) George Sumner Huntington's February 1872 address in Middleport was published eight weeks later in the Medical and Surgical Reporter, published in Philadelphia. In three short paragraphs, Huntington described what he called hereditary chorea (now known as Huntington's Disease) as having three main features--a "hereditary nature," a "tendency toward insanity," and "its manifestation as a grave disease in adult life." This became one of the classical descriptions of a neurological disease and led to great interest into the origins of the terrible affliction. Since Dr. Huntington's address in Middleport, 9,000 articles have been published on Huntington's Disease; the genetic marker for the disease was found in 1983 and research efforts toward a cure continue. Ironically, Huntington was not a medical researcher, nor did he have any interest in the subject. He and his wife left Pomeroy in 1873, moving back to New York State where Dr. Huntington practiced medicine. | <urn:uuid:b4507c02-417d-43cc-bfae-d34234751163> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://remarkableohio.org/index.php?/category/1046/startcat-12 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.980406 | 399 | 3.015625 | 3 |
If Governor Pat Quinn's agreement with AFSCME, Illinois' largest public employee union, goes through, new employees will be treated differently than those already on the payroll.
Union members get pay boosts the longer they work for the state. Quinn's Chief of Staff Jack Lavin, says it will take longer for new hires to reach those step increases, and he says they'll start off making less too.
"To achieve the top of that job classification it was previously eight years, now it’ll be 11 years," said Lavin. "So new employees will start at a lower wage.”
This is not the first time a contract has treated new workers differently than current ones, though that was not part of the state's last contract with AFSCME.
The deal is still tentative. For the contract to take effect, a majority of union members need to approve it. Even if that happens, legislative leaders have cast doubts on the state funding all the contract calls for. | <urn:uuid:5c0c0cfb-12a5-4426-8d96-092ce9957419> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://news.stlpublicradio.org/post/new-hires-earn-less-under-ill-deal-union | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00140-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976425 | 202 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Love, loss and photography
7 May – 14 August 2005
Introduction | Gallery of selected works
You spoke of my chosen home ... Among other things [Australia] gave me 35 years of peace and the opportunity to build up a new existence.
Margaret Michaelis 1974
Encounter (Shona Dunlop and Hilary Napier in “Seastudy”) c.1947 gelatin silver photography Collection of the National Gallery of Australia Gift of the estate of Margaret Michaelis-Sachs 1986 more detail
Like numerous other émigrés forced into exile during the 1930s, Austrian-born photographer Margaret Michaelis (nee Gross) arrived in Australia with very few possessions. However, she did manage to bring examples of the photographic work she had produced in Europe during the 1920s and 30s, as well as some personal items. The latter included a bundle of love letters from her first husband, Rudolf Michaelis, whom she had married in Berlin in 1933 and divorced in Barcelona four years later. Margaret Michaelis kept these photographs and letters with her throughout her life; the year after her death in 1985 they were donated to the National Gallery of Australia and are now part of the extensive Margaret Michaelis-Sachs archive. The exhibition Margaret Michaelis: Love, loss and photography is based on that archive and adopts a deliberately personal tone, weaving together aspects of Michaelis’s professional and personal lives.
Born into a liberal Jewish family Margaret Michaelis was given every educational opportunity by her parents. She studied photography in Vienna and during the 1920s worked in prominent Viennese studios, including the famous and flamboyant Studio d’Ora. These were formative years in which she was trained in the use of modern photographic styles and developed her lifelong interest in photographic portraiture. For Michaelis, and many other women of her generation, photography offered the possibility not simply of a livelihood but of a career. Early photographs suggest that she saw herself as a modern woman, one of the neue Frau who challenged conventional social mores.
Around 1930 Margaret Michaelis moved to Berlin. Her timing was not auspicious – the Depression had had a huge impact on the photographic industry, wiping out the clientele for portraiture and reducing demand for advertising or what was known as illustrative photography. Not surprisingly in the midst of high unemployment rates Michaelis secured only short-term positions as an assistant in various photographic studios. But it was in Berlin that her life took another direction – after meeting Rudolf Michaelis, a committed anarcho-syndicalist active in the resistance against fascism. In 1933, following Hitler’s consolidation of power, Rudolf and Margaret were arrested in separate incidents and eventually fled to Spain in November.
In Barcelona Margaret Michaelis established her own photographic studio and over the next four years produced an outstanding and very important body of work. From 1934-36 she was closely associated with a group of modernist architects known as the GATCPAC led by J.L Sert. These architects pursued a radical agenda - they were committed to rebuilding and revitalizing a run-down area of old Barcelona which Michaelis documented extensively on their behalf. For individual architects she also made architectural studies of the new modern buildings being constructed in Barcelona. Many of her photographs were published in the leading journals of the day that championed modernity.
With the outbreak of the Civil War in 1936 Michaelis’s practice became more overtly politicised. Her sympathies were with the people fighting in defense of the Republic and her photographs were quick, energetic responses to the dramatically changing situation in Catalonia and Aragon. She photographed the leading international anarchist Emma Goldman who visited Spain to offer support to those involved in the people’s revolution including members of the recently established rural collectives. Michaelis’s portrait of Goldman is heroic and monumental.
Forced out of Spain in 1937 Michaelis briefly re-joined her family in Poland before fleeing to London in December 1938. She was eventually accepted for migration to Australia and arrived in Sydney in September 1939, opening her own photographic studio a year later. For the next twelve years Margaret Michaelis was one of the few women photographers working in Sydney; she specialized in portraiture and dance photography. Her clientele was often European, Jewish but also included many people involved in the arts.
Michaelis’s Australian photographs speak of her experiences of exile and dislocation and are different in tone to her European photographs. In Barcelona she produced engaged, socially committed images – they were usually taken outside, often in the street and were crammed with activity. Her modern, lightweight Leica camera gave her the mobility she desired and many of her photographs are characterized by their spontaneity and casualness. In contrast, in Australia Michaelis invariably worked in her own studio, setting up her camera on a tripod and ensuring that the different compositional and lighting elements were brought firmly under control. The resultant portraits, most of which are of a single subject, are formal, quiet and inward looking.
During her career Margaret Michaelis worked with a range of different photographic genres and styles. She was an advocate of modernist photography, also known as the New Photography style, which utilized sharp focus and often unexpected vantage points (photographing from elevated heights or close up). When it came to portraiture she was interested in the psychological dimension of her sitters and saw photography as the ideal means for revealing the subject’s essence or inner reality. This may well explain why many of her most successful portraits are of artists such as sculptor Lyndon Dadswell, painter Weaver Hawkins and writer Cynthia Reed – people who were appreciative of and responsive to the creative possibilities of portraiture as a genre. Portraiture, however, was also a mainstay of the photographic industry and offered a relatively sure means of securing an income.
Margaret Michaelis’s story is one that belongs to the twentieth century. It was shaped in large part by momentous events beyond her control – the rise of fascism in Germany and Spain and the outbreak of the second world war.. She was especially vulnerable due to her Jewish background (her extended family appear to have perished in the Holocaust) and her leftwing political sympathies. As a consequence of historical events some of her photographs can be seen to have a retrospective burden. This applies especially to a small, intense series of images taken at a market in the Jewish quarter in Cracow in the early 1930s. The beautifully crafted prints now carry the weight of history, offering a visual trace of a way of life that was destroyed by fascism.
The most personal dimension of Margaret Michaelis: Love, loss and photography deals with the relationship between Margaret Michaelis and her first husband Rudolf Michaelis, known as Michel (the couple married in 1933 and divorced four years later). Letters Margaret Michaelis kept throughout her life span two crucial phases in their relationship – its beginnings which were expressed in love letters written during 1931 and a sustained correspondence initiated in 1967 after Margaret visited Rudolf in East Berlin. Margaret kept not only Rudolf’s letters but her own draft replies as well, thus making it possible to witness both sides of their dialogue. The second phase of their story revolves around the recovery of lost memories and making peace with their past.
Margaret Michaelis was one of a number of European émigrés who made an invaluable contribution to Australian cultural life in the post-war period. Informed by her European training and experiences her practice helps expand the ways in which the modern photography movement in Australia might be considered.
Helen Ennis, is a Senior Lecturer at the Australian National University School of Art
This article was published in World of Antiques and Art, Edition 68
This exhibition is accompanied by an extensively illustrated biography written by Helen Ennis. Margaret Michaelis: Love, loss and photography will be released in late April 2005. | <urn:uuid:abce3075-aaf6-4781-95b7-6ba3b22a8220> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://nga.gov.au/Michaelis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00122-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97714 | 1,615 | 2.015625 | 2 |
With the recent theatrical re-release of Disney’s Frozen the sing-along version came a resurgence in exploration of the movie’s themes and possible connections to the Christian faith. Some of the producers working with the film have even acknowledged the presence of Christian themes in the movie, calling them more subtle than overt. So, this last Monday I was glad to join Rod Zwonitzer on KFUO’s Cross Defense, to discuss some of the implicit and explicit Christian themes in the movie Frozen. Here’s the link if you want to listen to the program on KFUO’s on demand archive.
If you’ve seen the movie and have any comments relating to this discussion, feel free and post them in the comment thread below.
Also, I’ve posted some of my thoughts below which I had summarized for our local newspaper here in Huntington Beach, CA. This is a good, albeit brief, example of apologetics for the tender-minded, using things like art, movies, literature, or music to give people a glimpse of the one true story, the Grand Miracle of Christ’s incarnation, life, death, and resurrection.
Caution! This movie review contains spoilers!
Frozen was one of those rare cases where the movie was better than the book. Frozen was (loosely) based upon The Snow Queen by Hans Christian Anderson. However, the portions of the story that bore resemblance to the original fairy tale were a few names, and the words “snow” and “queen.” But I’m glad Disney departed from the original because they made it a better story in the end.
At its heart, Frozen is about love and sacrifice. In the beginning of the movie we find a royal family with two daughters, Elsa and Anna. Elsa has a gift. She can magically summon snow and ice. However, she discovers that her gift can be a blessing or a curse.
Later in the course of the film, we find out that only an act of true love can break the curse which had spread. At Elsa’s coronation the gates of Arendelle were open for the first time in years but there was trouble. Elsa’s icy powers came unleashed and Arendelle was frozen in an eternal winter. Elsa fled her home to the Northern Mountain to live in isolation. The naturally, adventurous and impetuously optimistic Anna went after her. Meanwhile the whole land awaited an act of true love to break the curse.
Thankfully, that act of true love came. But it did not come as expected. The prince, Hans turned out to be a snake-tongued, two-faced, power-hungry boy who manipulated Anna’s innocent love. Kristoff, the hard-working, rough and tumbled ice-block salesman was the underdog in the running to save Arendelle from the curse of an eternal winter.
Eventually, Hans was discovered for a fool. Kristoff and Anna fell in love. But it was Anna who was the surpise Christ-figure of Frozen. As Hans stood over Elsa with sword in hand, ready to strike the fatal blow, Anna threw herself in front of her sister. She placed her frozen, dying body between Hans’ sword and Elsa. The frostbitten curse got her just in time for the sword to fall upon her frozen hand. It was a self-sacrificing love.
What a marvelous picture of Christianity. Jesus stood between us and death and took death’s blow for us, all the way to the hilt. Jesus placed his dying body between us and the grave. Self-giving, self-sacrificing love. Jesus placed all others before himself. But Jesus didn’t stay dead. Jesus is risen from the dead. Sin’s frozen gloom over us is melted. Death’s cold, icy grip on us is shattered by the warmth of Jesus’ resurrection. | <urn:uuid:83c06f31-8086-49a5-a221-1536e2eab799> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://steadfastlutherans.org/2014/02/christianity-and-disneys-frozen/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00557-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952377 | 822 | 1.710938 | 2 |
The White House acknowledges Secretary of State Colin Powell will hear a lot about Iraq when he meets with world leaders at the Earth Summit in South Africa. Mr. Powell made headlines before his departure for Johannesburg with some broadcast comments on the Iraqi threat.
The secretary of state said weapons inspectors should return to Iraq as a first step in dealing with Baghdad.
White House spokesman Ari Fleischer said President Bush believes strongly that Iraq should live up to its international obligations. But he makes clear the return of the inspectors will not alter the president's view that Saddam Hussein must go. "The policy of the United States is regime change, with or without inspectors," he said.
During a session with reporters, Mr. Fleischer stressed once again that President Bush has not made any decisions regarding possible military action.
All the same, he was asked if Secretary of State Powell will spend much of his time in Johannesburg listening to warnings from officials from other countries opposed to the use of force.
"As always, different topics come up at these meetings," answered Mr. Fleischer. "And I assure you the secretary is as good at giving as he is at getting. And so if he receives any advice, I think the secretary will also be in a very strong position to give his thoughts and his reflections."
The White House spokesman noted the president has not asked for international support because he hasn't made up his mind on one course of action. He suggested warnings from abroad are not in response to a U.S. policy decision.
He explained, "You are hearing mostly as a result of world leaders answering questions from the press - answers to questions that have not been raised for a case that has not been made."
Mr. Fleischer went on to said that, if President Bush opts for the use of force, he will make his case in the strongest terms. He predicted foreign leaders will then see the situation very differently. | <urn:uuid:25642355-ecc1-44d3-8e4f-52cfaa54f22a> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-a-2002-09-03-21-powell-67580352/388880.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719273.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00065-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978509 | 390 | 1.640625 | 2 |
The Absurd Self Looking Both Ways at Once
Plato said the world is divided into a world
of being and a world of becoming.
Ecclesiastes, pessimist as he was,
said there was nothing new under the sun.
Hume started a revolution, declaring:
“When I enter most intimately
into what I call my self, I always stumble upon
some intimate perception or other.”
Sartre stated that man has no self.
What he thinks about himself is created
from the gaze of others. Jung’s unconscious
has been haunting us as long as we remember.
Where are the hidden powers? And how
do you penetrate reality in the manner of X-rays?
In 1600 Jacob Boeheme thought he looked onto
the deepest foundations of matter …
Who ignores everything but
moving shadows—like the frog?
Wire the mind to rejoin the Othermind
and live in two worlds at once,
embalmed in thought forms and words:
a cup of consciousness, a flood of light,
a sense of one-ment where the new world has no sides,
no up or down—it is necessary to describe
it all at once, or not at all—it is impossible
to illuminate one side and then another,
for in moments, the other side
will become some other and thus the world
can never be fully measured (yet in the bell
there is a word that sings through the life of time).
Is this the world of complicated mathematical
relations where the objective and subjective
change positions indeterminately?
In such a vision of infinite meaning
can each ‘I’ raise a multitude of insights, rendering
its intention—.Where is all the adventure in this indecision?
To awaken in the creaky, wooden, soundless,
soulless world. Reality dribbling through fingers,
a cupped handful of wine. Should not a line
take an infinite amount of time to draw?
And how long does twelve o’clock last for?
Just ask the people inside my head
where Yeats’ old mill of the mind
consumes its rag and bone—
or like the Buddha, untie the knots
inside the mind energizing the perceptions,
reaching for the banana outside the cage, enlarging
reality pulse by pulse. Is it then the other self
materializes? When a soul is a spirit in abeyance
of tongues never muttered.
Understand this is an astral double-ensemble,
a doppelganger, where élans’ vital fires trickle
into an energy of delight, or the feedback loop
of a vicious circle where primal perception simply ignites.
To realize you are
the metaphor, just as
the world is the image,
and the soul, submerged,
the other side of Nature.
To realize that every surface
contains the potential
for a glimpse into the past,
or that ghost of your own
potential as you move back
into the rock. That is,
to enter the cave
of the mind and seek
oneself before birth, to scour
the earth for the seeds
of the narrative
and to find that great | <urn:uuid:5029dc6d-dac3-453b-ab76-1f3f2e72183e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://plumepoetry.com/two-poems-77/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.867021 | 696 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Know any women searching for a post-motherhood identity that balances self-integrity, family and meaningful work? Key word is “meaningful.” Having a child ironically gives you a greater desire to contribute to the world’s improvement yet less clout, time and earning power to effect it. Being a mother is often a career and identity game changer for a woman. So what’s the magic formula? We know there’s a way. HackerMoms is piloting a new business incubator so we could find it together.
We offer workshops and programs to support moms in career transition. Sessions like Moms in Transition: Career & Money, Designing Your Writing Life as a Mom, Hacking Self-publishing and Social Media Hand-holding are among are our most well-attended by the local community. Workshops are driven by members seeking to blend a creative life and entrepreneurship in a long-term, family-friendly path that satisfies the spirit.
Failure Club is used by entrepreneurial members to invent products, change careers, start businesses, make money and learn new fields in a safe space that encourages failing. Risk and failure is practically the definition of a healthy creative life. Our business projects include HeartCar, a HackerMoms collaboration to redesigning the car for moms and kids, and HackerMoms 2.0. This entrepreneurial taskforce is researching legal structures, revenue models and business strategies for the next phase of our organization – and picking up business school skills along the way. Mothership HackerMoms itself is an experimental enterprise to be tested, played with and hacked into the future. | <urn:uuid:0f0fcd59-54d1-444c-8e01-308e6b49a759> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hackermoms.org/business-incubator/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.944761 | 332 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Ozone chemistry in aqueous solution: ozone decomposition and stabilisation
2005 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other scientific)
Ozone is used in many applications in the industry as an oxidising agent for example for bleaching and sterilisation. The decomposition of ozone in aqueous solutions is complex, and is affected by many properties such as, pH, temperature and substances present in the water. Additives can either accelerate the decomposition rate of ozone or have a stabilising effect of the ozone decay. By controlling the decomposition of ozone it is possible to increase the oxidative capacity of ozone.
In this work the chemistry of acidic aqueous ozone is studied and ways to stabilise the decomposition of ozone in such solutions. The main work emphasizes the possibility to use surfactants in order to develop a new type of cleaning systems for the sterilisation of medical equipment.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH , 2005. , 37 p.
Trita-OOK, ISSN 0348-825X ; 1078
IdentifiersURN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-303OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-303DiVA: diva2:8778
2005-05-13, H1, Teknikringen 33, Stockholm, 10:30
QC 201011262005-07-152005-07-152010-11-26Bibliographically approved
List of papers | <urn:uuid:9811a56a-8168-4510-b52d-a50da56cd779> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://kth.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:8778 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721595.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00479-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.786173 | 319 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Troy, Mich. – June 22, 2021 – Automation Alley, Michigan’s Industry 4.0 knowledge center and a World Economic Forum Advanced Manufacturing Hub (AMHUB) for North America, launched the 2021 Technology in Industry Report digitally today during a virtual panel discussion with Sherif Marakby, Executive Vice President of Research and Development at Magna International Inc.; Jeff Hall, Senior Director of Technology and Strategic Sales at Omron; Dr. David Schippers, Assistant Professor of Automotive Cybersecurity & Cybersecurity Chair, Information Technology Decision Sciences at Walsh College; and Haley Stevens, US Congresswoman. The panel was moderated by Automation Alley Executive Director and CEO, Tom Kelly.
The 2021 Tech in Industry Report was prepared with support from Automation Alley’s Industry 4.0 academic and corporate partners and highlights several real-world Industry 4.0 success stories and features executive summaries and action items on the most pressing Industry 4.0 topics for small and medium-sized enterprises, including:
- Holistic Industry 4.0 Adoption
- AI, Robotics & Big Data
- 3D Printing
- Supply Chain Disruption
- Cyber Risk Mitigation
- Industry 4.0 Diversity and Inclusion
- Equipping our Digital Workforce
To access the report, visit www.automationalley.com and click on Knowledge in the navigation bar. Visitors will note Automation Alley’s redesigned website, which resembles a modern media site and offers an ease-of-use experience for visitors to explore news and thought leadership on Industry 4.0 from Automation Alley executives, members and partners, as well as providing links to Automation Alley initiatives including Project DIAMOnD and the Automation Alley Industry 4.0 Accelerator.
Members will find an updated interface to login and manage their account and event registrations. Additionally, Knowledge, Initiatives, Events, and Membership pages are easily accessible via sidebar links throughout the website.
“The impetus for the new website was for Automation Alley to continue progressing in the digital age, using a more modern platform for current and prospective members and visitors to explore the organization’s capabilities and reach as Michigan’s Industry 4.0 knowledge center,” Tom Kelly, CEO of Automation Alley, said.
About Automation Alley
Automation Alley is a World Economic Forum Advanced Manufacturing Hub (AMHUB) for North America and a nonprofit Industry 4.0 knowledge center with a global outlook and a regional focus. We facilitate public-private partnerships by connecting industry, education and government to fuel Michigan’s economy and accelerate innovation. Our programs give businesses a competitive advantage by helping them along every step of their digital transformation journey. We obsess over disruptive technologies like AI, the Internet of Things and automation, and work hard to make these complex concepts easier for companies to understand and implement. Visit automationalley.com.
The mission of Automation Alley is to position Michigan as a global leader in Industry 4.0 by helping our members increase revenue, reduce costs and think strategically during a time of rapid technological change. | <urn:uuid:aff362fb-13f0-4d30-868c-d3c4184ac196> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://eafocus.com/news/automation-alleys-2021-technology-in-industry-report-now-available-debuting-with-new-automation-alley-website/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.907938 | 639 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Old News, New Meaning
From 1834 to 1948, over 125,000 pages of Hawaiian language newspaper were printed. However, those pages are crumbling, and the knowledge they contain would otherwise be lost if not for the efforts of Awaiaulu, an organization dedicated to publishing Hawaiian texts whose staff has been working for the past 10 years to preserve and digitize the newspaper pages.
Now, an Awaiaulu initiative called `Ike Ku`oko`a – or Liberating Knowledge – is gathering volunteers statewide to type word for word thousands of Hawaiian articles into a searchable format.
“Not only is this the historical material from a time when Hawaiians were the nation, it was set up by consensus to be the national repository of knowledge for the future,” said Awaiaulu Executive Director Puakea Nogelmeier, via email.
With excitement for the project growing, nearly 1,000 volunteers have already signed up online to become part of the effort, said `Ike Ku`oko`a Outreach Coordinator Kau`i Sai-Dudoit. The goal is to have 3,000 volunteers working statewide.
The project will launch on Nov. 28 – the day of the Hawaiian holiday La Ku`oko`a , or Independence Day. Organizers hope to complete the transcription of about 60,000 pages within a year.
“It’s about reclaiming Hawaiian knowledge,” said Sai-Dudoit. “This knowledge helps empower us today.”
The first Hawaiian language newspaper was printed in 1834 by Lahainaluna students on Maui as a school project, according to Sai-Dudoit. The idea soon took root in the community, and many Hawaiian newspapers were printed around the state.
“Our kupuna felt it was that important that they spent their lives putting history, mele [and other recordings of culture] into newspapers,” said Sai-Dudoit. “One hundred fourteen years Hawaiians were telling their stories in newspapers.”
Here on Molokai, Hawaiian language and culture remain alive, especially among students at the Hawaiian language immersion programs. Since the immersion program began in 1992, according to Kumu Manuwai Peters, it “has utilized the vast body of knowledge contained in the Hawaiian language newspapers of the 19th and early 20th centuries. In those pioneer years of immersion, there were no online databases to access the profound knowledge contained within those… Hawaiian language newspaper pages.”
By greatly increasing the searchable text of the newspapers, Peters said the `Ike Ku`oko`a initiative will make the information contained in them more accessible to students of all grade levels.
“At Molokai High School’s Hawaiian language immersion program, we are encouraging our students to be a part of the process by volunteering to help with the typescripting of the… newspaper,” he said.
Phase two of the project in years to come will include the translation of the documents to English, said Sai-Dudoit. But for now, you don’t have to be a native speaker to get involved.
“Ninety-five percent of our people don’t speak the language,” said Sai-Dudoit. This project, however, allows them to be a part of their heritage and “leave their names on a legacy” even if they don’t speak Hawaiian. “This is something that will bring us all together.”
The process is simple, according to organizers. The project is contained on the web, at awaiaulu.org. Visit the website and click on `Ike Ku`oko`a for more information.
“…Log on, get a digital image, get a blank text file, and type what [you] see,” explained Nogelmeier. “When [you] log on [you] learn how to match the style of what’s been done already. [Do one] page, submit it, and get another.”
After they are submitted by volunteers, pages will be reviewed and processed by staff members.
“It’s really exciting,” Sai-Dudoit said of the project. | <urn:uuid:a74eb8bb-5e83-43cd-a722-99757c227f93> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://themolokaidispatch.com/old-news-new-meaning/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00004-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94395 | 888 | 3.125 | 3 |
The World Health Organisation (WHO) has recently announced that measle outbreaks have seen a ‘dramatic resurgence’, resulting in over 90,000 confirmed cases of the virus in the first half of 2019.
This rise in cases has resulted in four countries - Albania, Czech Republic, Greece and the United Kingdom - losing their ‘measles-free’ status.
So, what are the precautions that holiday makers need to take and, if you do get sick abroad, are you covered by travel insurance for treatment or care?
Fiona Macrae, from consumer awareness initiative Travel Insurance Explained , gives advice on what to do if you get sick abroad.
What is measles?
“Measles is a highly contagious and potentially fatal infection, especially for infants and the elderly. It should be taken very seriously.”
What vaccinations or doctors' visits will my family need before heading overseas?
“Before thinking about vaccinations, always schedule an appointment with your GP or primary care provider to determine what you or your family may need before you travel.
“Some vaccines are required to be given well in advance of your trip to give your body time to develop immunity, so it’s a good idea to schedule an appointment 8-10 weeks before you travel.
“Typically, the same vaccines you would need for life in the UK are needed for a trip abroad.
"These include the MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) vaccine, as well as the seasonal vaccine for children over six months old.
“Despite the rise in so-called ‘conscientious objectors’ to vaccines, it is incredibly important that you and your family are up to date on your vaccines, from both a personal safety and travel insurance perspective.”
Measles - symptoms to spot
Measles signs and symptoms appear around 10 to 14 days after exposure to the virus. Signs and symptoms of measles typically include:
- Dry cough
- Runny nose
- Sore throat
- Inflamed eyes (conjunctivitis)
- Tiny white spots with bluish-white centers on a red background found inside the mouth on the inner lining of the cheek — also called Koplik's spots
- A skin rash made up of large, flat blotches that often flow into one another
The infection occurs in sequential stages over a period of two to three weeks.
Will my travel insurance cover me if I get measles abroad?
“Travel insurance companies will not pay out for any expenses incurred as a result of a disease if you have not taken the necessary precautions.
"For example, if you are travelling to a destination that has a high prevalence of a tropical disease, and you do not take the necessary steps - such as vaccines - to prevent it, then you will not be covered by travel insurance.
“Always make sure that you are up to date with routine vaccination courses and boosters as recommended for life in the UK and speak to your health care provider about your travel plans.
What paperwork do I need to have?
“It is also important to have a valid European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) if you are travelling to Europe.
"EHIC is issued free of charge and allows any UK citizens who receives medical treatment in any other EU member state for free or at a reduced cost, if that treatment becomes necessary during their visit.
"However, EHIC will not cover private health care.
“Prevention is always better than a cure, so speak to your care provider, get the recommended vaccines and make sure you have both the appropriate travel insurance and EHIC with you on your trip.”
Got a story? Get in touch by emailing email@example.com
Want more news?
To subscribe to our daily newsletter, enter your email address into the box at the top of this story. | <urn:uuid:b079acfe-4801-41a2-84eb-b492bdc8a402> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.somersetlive.co.uk/news/health/measles-europe-heres-what-you-3284132 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.951754 | 820 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Traffic congestion on UK roads is costing businesses about £20bn a year in lost productivity by staff arriving late for work or meetings.
The number of cars on UK roads has risen by 70% between 1982 and 2003, according to the Institution of Civil Engineers.
This has put more pressure on an already creaking transport infrastructure, the survey said.
The institution is calling on the government to increase funding for transport.
The report calls for greater investment in quality bus stations, taxi ranks and railway stations to create a “totally integrated transport system that people will want to use”. | <urn:uuid:11df9f9d-b63a-43ea-848c-3ffdbcccfe22> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.personneltoday.com/hr/staff-stuck-in-traffic-costs-uk-plc-20bn-a-year/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00079-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956657 | 121 | 1.796875 | 2 |
The Department of Homeland Security is not allowing an evacuation flight of 117 Americans and Afghan allies to land in the United States, according to Project Dynamo.
Project Dynamo founder Bryan Stern told Reuters that 117 people, including 59 children are waiting at an Abu Dhabi airport to travel to the U.S.
“They will not allow a charter on an international flight into a U.S. port of entry,” Stern said, according to Reuters.
The 117 travelers at the United Arab Emirates capital include 28 American citizens, 83 green card holders and six holding Special Immigration Visas, according to the report.
Among the travelers are 59 children, including 16 under 3 years old.
“Right now we have 59 children sleeping on airport chairs and cold airport floors – not the warm bed with a hot meal that we’d arranged for all of them stateside – because the US Government denied our flight clearance into ALL US ports of entry. All of them. For a plane load of Americans,” the organization posted on Twitter Tuesday night.
“They escaped the regime they were running from only to have the government they were running HOME TO, turn them away. This cannot be what America does to Americans. Bring Dynamo 01 home. Now. Today,” the post added.
The delay was apparently an unforeseen development.
In a news release published only Tuesday, Stern’s organization was praising the State Department.
“We would like to thank the U.S. State Department and the United Arab Emirates’ Ministry of Foreign Affairs for their cooperation in challenging circumstances to secure the safe return of these U.S. citizens, U.S. Legal Permanent Residents, and Afghan allies,” the news release stated.
“We would also like to acknowledge the Taliban for facilitating the departure of the aircraft by allowing those who want to depart Afghanistan to do so peacefully,” it added.
It posted a similar message on Facebook.
According to Reuters, an administration official interviewed was unfamiliar with the specific situation, but said the typical practice is for the U.S. government to verify the passenger manifest of charter planes before allowing them to land in the U.S.
According to a CNN report, “A State Department official said they ‘are not going to detail our involvement with any specific groups at this time.’
“The evacuation effort has been a monumental task and the U.S. government understands the need to coordinate across agencies, as we have done, but we also appreciate the desire of NGOs and private citizens to assist and have identified a greater need for coordination there,” the official said.
Truth and Accuracy
We are committed to truth and accuracy in all of our journalism. Read our editorial standards. | <urn:uuid:fea6c0b3-2de8-47b1-bddf-87bf04d03daf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.westernjournal.com/biden-admin-blocking-afghanistan-evacuation-flight-carrying-americans-rescue-group-leader-says/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.956887 | 566 | 1.578125 | 2 |
i my organisation there are 25 users under work group. if one user share the folder it will display all users systems who are in the workgroup.Some folders do not access all users in the workgroup what will i do
The information on Computing.Net is the opinions of its users. Such
opinions may not be accurate and they are to be used at your own risk.
Computing.Net cannot verify the validity of the statements made on this
site. Computing.Net and Purch hereby disclaim all responsibility
and liability for the content of Computing.Net and its accuracy. | <urn:uuid:fb1f9e4d-ce07-4507-ae7c-a158cf6e0bc6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.computing.net/answers/security/shared-folder-do-not-access-all-users/36759.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00088-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.897627 | 120 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Bootable USB is the storage to boot or start a Computer Operating System for the replacement of previously used CD-ROM. When the computer loaded it’s BIOS setting it can be used for installing OS. In the BIOS menu, you can change the first boot priority whenever it is plugged into a PC. Using any of the best USB Bootable Software Win 10, it is created by writing the ISO (bootable) file of the desired software. In this article, we will try to show, “How to Create Bootable USB” and the review of some Bootable Software for Windows 10.
Bootable USB means any external USB drive can be used to install Windows to any computer. Before start, you have to sure that your PC is USB locked or not? To create any bootable hard drive we would strongly recommend to use at least 8 GB Pendrive. But, you may try to use it by 4 GB also. To make the external drive bootable we will show bost east and hard way. Moreover, we will give some Best USB Bootable Software Win 10 to choose your best one.
How to Create a Bootable USB?
Bootable Pendrive is used when the CD ROM is not working or unavailing of CD/DVD at a crucial moment. Moreover, it is easy to carry, useable, portable and convenient for all. Sometimes, your PC becomes out of control then you need to install a new Windows 10 OS but we also want to recommend to use the Bootable Antivirus to rescue your computer. However, our today’s topic is how to make USB bootable.
Easy Way to Create Bootable USB
The easy way is using any third-party software. The bootable supported software will allow you to make any external drive bootable. For that, you have to select the exact location. It is very easy and the process is given below:
1. Download any of the USB Bootable Software Win 10 discussed in this article. For better understand you can select my favorite one which is “ Rufus”.
2. Download the Rufus from the mentioned link (Serial 10 of this article).
3. Double Click on the rufus.exe file or open to install.
4. Now, plug in your USB.
5. Find the “Create a bootable USB drive option”
6. In the dropdown menu select the ISO image.
7. Go to the “Next” Button for the Dropdown and select the Windows 10 ISO.
8. Now, click start and wait for a few moments to get your desired USB bootable disk.
We already made a Bootable USB Pendrive. Now, plug it to any expected PC to give Windows 10 OS. Before installation, make sure your BIOS is all set up and you are ready to install Windows 10 by the bootable USB.
How To Create a Bootable USB Without Software
If you do not want to use any third-party software then following some tricks you can make any bootable Pendrive. But it is a bit difficult. The process is as follow:
1. First of all, you have to connect the external drive / Pendrive.
2. Open the Command Prompt and type “diskpart”. The new permission will seek. After allowing it a new command prompt will appear.
3. Now see the connected disk available on your PC. To get connected drive type “ list disk” and press enter.
4. In the list, you have to select your desired list like select “list #”. Replace the “#” with your desired disk number. Here you will get a lot of commands to execute. But, you have to clean the drive. To do so, type “clean” and press enter.
5. Once your disk is clean then you need to do the partition. The command of the partition is “create partition primary” and hit enter.
6. Now select the partition by cmd “pertition1”. Then type “active” and hit enter.
7. By typing “format fs=fat32” you have to format your Pendrive.
8. Now assign a letter to your Pendrive by command “assign”.
9. Finally, copy all the Windows 10 files to your Pendrive. The process is already discussed at the beginning of the article.
You already completed a difficult job. Now your Pendrive is bootable. You can give/install Windows 10 OS to any other PC.
Best USB Bootable Software
Making a bootable Pendrive without software it difficult. You may fail at any of the stages. So we recommend some bootable software for your external drive. You may follow any of them. Let’s have some discussion on some famous software for bootable USB.
1. XBOOT USB Bootable Software
XBOOT is Multiboot ISO USB Creator for Windows. This little Micro boot ISo USB creator is based on windows but it supports many Linux Distributions and Utilities. It can be burnt to CD, DVD and even to any Pendrive.
- For creating Multiboot USB/ISO it is very easy to use.
- It is suitable for Antivirus rescue disk and making Linux live CD.
- Convenient to use.
2. Windows Bootable Image Creator
To install Windows or another program you need to create a bootable ISO image. The application is helpful for someone who wants to create a bootable external drive. The USB bootable software allows you to make a portable boot drive at any time and anywhere. It is an all in one software with a handy kit. Windows Bootable Image Creator is a free software which can be used for both 32 bit and 64-bit laptop and desktop.
RMPrepUSB is one of the best USB bootable software for the Windows 32 bit computer. extract, copy, install, format, install, partition, and, test a boot manager. For personal uses, you can use it free of cost. The unique interface and well decorated GUI supports many languages. It is easy to use with its user manual.
If you want to fix or install Windows you can use WinSetupFromUSB. You can use this USB Bootable software for Windows, Linux, and Dos software. It will allow you to make multiple sets of Windows OS, ISO images and SysLinux bot menu. This USB bootable software is free to download and workable for Windows 32 bit and 64-bit computers.
5. Universal USB Installer
The Universal USB Installer is a Live Linux bootable USB creator to distribute Linux OS. It is very easy and simple to use. There are many new things in this USB bootable creator like Update to support Clear Linux and Pop OS, Skywave Linux, and newer Knoppix, initrd boot option for newer Ubuntu-based distributions and many more. It is freeware and supports all the language including English.
For Linux users, UNetbootin is another important USB bootable software. It allows creating live bootable Pendrive for Ubuntu and Linux operating systems. This cross-platform utility tool allows creating a verity of utility tools for Linux OS distribution. The original author of this bootable USB software is Geza Kovacs. It is written by C++ in the year 2007 but the users received the release of 2020. Like other USB bootable software is also free of cost.
Sometimes you need Multiboot bootable USB creation, Auto-download ISO for Multiboot bootable USB and a bootable USB for any device. All of your demands will be fulfilled by WinToFlash USB bootable software. This powerful app is used by millions of users to create a bootable USB drive. Besides OS functions it is useable for creating a live Linux tool, offline antivirus, hardware test, and data recovery.
We want to recommend a wonderfully lightweight and freeware software to a bootable disk. This powerful USB boot software is highly effective for the IT experts who need frequent installation of Windows. The wonderful features include no installation, portable and lightweight. Mr. Jack has created this software for all the versions of Windows.
9. Windows 7 USB/DVD Download Tool
If you want to create any Windows OS ISO file you can use the Windows 7 USB/DVD Download Tool. You can download it from the Microsoft Website or Microsoft store. To create a bootable USB drive or ISO image the software is a perfect one. The size of this software is only 2.72 MB. It is also free of cost and the procedure of the use is well defined on Microsoft website.
Most of us know the name of “Rufus”. It is one of the best USB bootable software that I can recommend to my readers. This smart bootable utility tool can format and create a bootable USB flash drive like a memory card and Pendrive. It is a very simple but workable tool to convert a normal Pendrive to bootable Pendrive. Like many other software, it is very small, easy to use, helpful and lightweight software.
Benefits of installing Windows with a bootable USB
There are many benefits to installing Windows on a bootable USB drive. Some of the most common reasons to do this include:
Having a backup of your computer: If something happens and you need to reinstall Windows, you can boot your USB drive and be up and running in no time.
Installing new software: If you’re a frequent user of new software, installing it on your computer can be a hassle. Install it on a bootable USB drive, you can avoid that hassle and have the software installed in just a few minutes.
Customizing your computer: You may want to change your computer’s appearance or preferences, but sometimes those changes require administrative access. By installing Windows on a bootable USB drive, you can bypass any security measures and make any changes you desire.
Recovering data: If something goes wrong and your computer needs to be reinstalled, or if you need to back up your data in case of a disaster, using a bootable USB drive is the perfect solution. Insert the USB drive into your computer, reboot into Windows, and start backing up your files.
Some Questions to Boot From USB Windows 10
When you will try to make bootable USB for windows 10 then you will get a thousand of doubt. To help you instantly some frequently answered question and answers are given below:
Is 4GB 8GB USB enough for bootable Windows 10
USB drives come in various capacities, ranging from 4GB to 128GB. The amount of space required to store the operating system and other files will vary depending on the size and type of stored files.
Therefore, it is difficult to recommend a specific USB drive size. It would be equivalent to guessing how much space would be required for particular purposes.
4GB is generally the size of a USB drive that Windows 10 will be able to boot from. If your computer doesn’t have enough storage space, you can also use an 8GB drive. The bootable USB drive to install Windows 10 will not be large enough to run in demo mode.
This means you will only be able to look around with your mouse and test a few features of the OS without being able to use any other programs. However, we recommend at least 4GB of storage for a bootable Windows 10 drive.
How to reinstall and repair Windows 10 from a USB
If your Windows 10 installation media is damaged, you can use a USB drive to reinstall or repair the operating system. Moreover, if you only need to reinstall Windows 10 onto a computer, a smaller USB might be sufficient. If you want to use the USB to repair or upgrade Windows 10, a larger size is necessary. However, follow these steps to reinstall or repair Windows 10 from a USB drive:
- Insert the USB device that you want to install.
- Now, restart your computer.
- Adjust the boot.
- Set currency, time, and language.
- Instead of clicking the Install button, click on Repair your computer.
- Click on troubleshoot and select Reset this PC.
- Here, you can see two options: to remove everything and the other is to keep my files. Choose to remove everything if you want to delete every file your PC has, or choose to keep your files if you want to them.
- After finishing the process, remove your USB from the computer and restart the PC.
How can I activate Windows 10 without a product key for free?
There are a few ways to activate Windows 10 without a product key. One of the simplest methods is to use a digital activation key. This key can be obtained through Microsoft’s online activation portal, available in various languages. Once you have received the digital activation key, you can use it to activate your copy of Windows 10.
Which software is best for bootable USB?
There are a few different bootable USB software programs available on the market. However, my personal favorite is Rufus. Rufus is a very easy-to-use program that allows you to create bootable USB drives from various sources – including Windows, Mac, and Linux operating systems. It’s also very versatile and can be used to create bootable drives for multiple purposes.
What format should USB be for Windows 10 installation?
When installing Windows 10, you should use the USB format to save your installation files. This will help avoid potential problems with your computer’s hardware or data. There are a few different formats that you can use, and each has its advantages and disadvantages. Here are the most common formats and what they do:
- USB 3.0
How do I install Windows 10 on a new computer without an operating system?
There are a few different ways to install Windows 10 on a new computer without an operating system – some of which are a bit more straightforward than others. Here are the three most popular methods:
- Use a USB drive
- Use a bootable CD or DVD
- Use Microsoft’s installation media.
How do I make bootable USB from ISO?
Here are the steps:
- Download and install the software you’ll use to create the bootable USB.
- Open the software and select the ISO file.
- Click the “Burn Bootable” button.
- Insert the USB drive into your computer and boot from it to install your new OS.
Will booting from USB erase data?
Sure, when you boot any PC the data of that particular partition will erase. All of your data will be wiped out. So before installing any Windows, you need to backup all of your valuable data.
What is the f12 boot menu?
f12 boot menu is the manufacturer’s instruction. When you start your computer then the PC demands the predefined key by the manufacturer for boot. Some PC has f1, f2, and f12 as boot key. It may differ from PC to PC.
How do I boot from USB not supported in BIOS?
Sometimes you may get the problem that your Pendrive is not acceptable by your BIOS. For this scenario, you can go for UEFI or legacy BIOS to set up Windows. The process is given here in graphical form.
What key do I press to enter BIOS?
To set up the Windows 10 operating system you need to get access to BIOS. To get access you need to restart your PC. During the boot-up process, you need to press a key. The key is displayed during the bootup process like ” Press F2 to access BIOS”. You may also get the message “Del” for set up. There are some other keys related to doing the same job as F1, Escape, etc.
How can I tell if my USB is bootable?
After the successful completion of the USB bootable process, you have to confirm that is it bootable or not? There are many ways to check the bootability of the Pendrive. You can use two different software like MobileLiveCD and Magic ISO maker.
What is the boot sequence?
The boot sequence is a list of sequences that BIOS needs for the loadings operating system. By default hard drive is allocated for a boot but it can be reallocated to the optical drive, floppy drive and pen drive. You can call it by various names like BIOS boot sequence and BIOS boot order.
When you get the easy solution you should not search for the difficult one. Like that, when you need to know the procedure of how to boot from USB from windows 10 we should recommend the easier one. To make the process easier we have recommended some Best USB bootable software to install the operating system at your PC. Out of that Rufus is the most easier according to my consideration. What is your thought? Please let us inform you by comment. | <urn:uuid:28b9b1d7-67b0-42b6-9e4d-d1a2eff7c64c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fossguru.com/how-to-create-a-bootable-usb-best-usb-bootable-software/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.907867 | 3,588 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Soil temperatures and planting timing – Part 1 of 3: Optimal soil temperature for planting
Timing for planting corn and other field crops is based in part on when soil temperatures are optimal for seed germination and seedling emergence.
Timing of spring crop planting is dependent on a number of variables. Seed availability, equipment readiness, field dryness, ability to conduct timely weed management (tillage and/or herbicide burndown), and other factors all play into the decision of when to begin planting. Another important consideration is soil temperature. The soil temperature commonly cited for adequate corn and soybean germination and emergence is 50 degrees Fahrenheit, and that temperature is used as the base for calculating modified growing degree days (GDD) for most field crops. See “Heat Unit Concepts Related to Corn Development” by Purdue University’s corn agronomist Bob Nielsen for more information on calculating heat units.
Stand uniformity is critical to achieve maximum yields, and uniformity of emergence timing is an important part of that. In addition to seeding depth, soil temperature is also a factor in determining the rate and timing of emergence. Corn requires about 119 GDDs using soil temperatures from planting to emergence. To put this in perspective, the maximum and minimum soil temperatures at 2-inch depth at the Michigan State University Enviroweather station in Coldwater on April 8, 2019 (the warmest soil date so far this year), were 62.4 and 50.9 F, respectively. (Note: That date was the third day in a row where air temperatures reached 72 F or above.) This generated 6.65 GDDs based on soil temperature. At that rate, the seed would be susceptible to insect predation, soil-borne diseases, potential flooding, etc. for approximately 18 days prior to emergence. In reality, only 4 GDDs were generated in the seven days following that date.
In a recent study by dos Santos et al. 2019, researchers tested germination and emergence rates of four different corn hybrids at five different soil temperatures under greenhouse conditions. The results are shown in Figure 1. The highest rates of germination and emergence and the quickest emergence were achieved when the soil temperature was 77 F. The opposite was true when soil temperature was 59 F. Though differences can be seen among hybrids, and different results may be found with hybrids grown under Michigan conditions (this study was conducted in Mato Grosso, Brazil), it appears soil temperatures higher than 50 F are required for the quickest and most uniform corn emergence.
Egli and Rucker, 2012, conducted research at the University of Kentucky to investigate the impact seed vigor has on emergence. According to Association of Official Seed Analysts, 2009, seed vigor is defined as “those seed properties that determine the potential for rapid, uniform emergence and development of seedlings under a wide range of field conditions.” The authors used both low-vigor and high-vigor seed in the testing. In Figure 2A, seeds were grown in a greenhouse between 64 and 77 F while in Figure 2B the seeds were grown in a cool growth chamber at 50 F for 10 hours and 68 F for 22 hours (with 1 hour transition times).
Compared with cooler conditions, high-vigor seeds emerged approximately 200 hours (eight days) earlier under the warmer conditions while the low-vigor seeds emerged approximately 250 hours (10 days) earlier. The low-vigor seed also had nearly a 20 percent greater emergence rate under the warmer conditions. It is interesting to note both high- and low-vigor seed had similar standard germination rates (99 percent and 98 percent, respectively), but the high-vigor seed cold test germination was found to be 93 percent while the low-vigor seed cold test was only 45 percent. Figure 3 shows the impact of soil temperature on the time it took to achieve 10 percent of final emergence (T10). The graph shows that T10 was approximately three times longer at 58 F (96 hours, or four days) than at 74 F (288 hours, or 12 days).
When do Michigan soils tend to achieve optimal temperatures for corn emergence? What is the best source for finding out what these temperatures are in your part of the state? Part 2 and Part 3 of this series will look at MSU’s Enviroweather system of weather stations and what historic spring soil temperatures have been in Michigan.
- Association of Official Seed Analysts (AOSA). 2009. Seed Vigor Testing Handbook. AOSA, Stillwater, OK.
- dos Santos, H.O. et al. 2019. Effect of Soil Temperature in the Emergence of Maize Seeds. Journal of Agricultural Science. 11(1):479-484.
- Egli, D.B. and Rucker, M. 2012. Seed Vigor and the Uniformity of Emergence of Corn Seedlings. Crop Science, 52:2774-2782. | <urn:uuid:28b63d02-4690-41f6-b5b0-84c107bcf325> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/soil-temperatures-and-planting-timing-part-1-of-3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.939458 | 1,024 | 3.328125 | 3 |
61% of people who get a job offer and try to negotiate a higher salary fail. Why do you want to know? It’s not because the economy is bad, the employer is being unreasonable, or they don’t have any other offers to use as leverage. When most of those people decided not to even try to negotiate for a higher salary, they lost right away.
Most candidates don’t want to negotiate salary because they don’t think they have any negotiating power. A recent graduated may believe that because this is their first job, they have little negotiating leverage because they lack experience. Even seasoned professionals may believe that they have no negotiating power if they have no alternative offers, but you must realise something important. The other side of the hiring process also has to deal with stress and costs. Employers look through hundreds or even thousands of resumes and spend a lot of time analysing and picking applicants before deciding to hire only a few. The employer cares about these applicants. So even recent college graduates have some power in a negotiation. If you don’t negotiate your salary after getting a job offer, here are three very real things that could happen.
3 Practical Consequences
Foremost, when you use compounding, you lose a lot of money. Think about two people whose starting salaries are $50k and $55k, which is a 10% difference. Let’s say that both of their salaries go up by 6% every year for the next 30 years. By the 10th year, the difference in their total pay will be about $75,000, and by the 20th year, it will be $200,000. And by year 30, a whopping $424,000, which is almost enough to buy that new iPhone. Now, this overly simple example doesn’t even consider how the person might change jobs in the future. If you switch jobs, that nice 20% raise they’re offering is tied to what you’re making now. This $424,000 gap is usually much bigger than this.
Second, if you don’t negotiate, you miss out on things the employer could have easily agreed to. More time off, money to pay for school, and a later start date.
Third, you miss out on the chance to make a good first impression on your boss. Negotiation is a skill that will help you in both your personal and professional life. Your boss knows this, and that you even tried to negotiate might make you look even better in their eyes. If you’ve ever tried to negotiate salary before, hopefully you’re more comfortable with the idea of doing so after getting a job offer. But what do you do? Here are my top five ways to do something.
Negotiating deals for a friend
Imagine you’re trying to get a good deal for a close friend or someone you care about. We found that a small change in how you think makes you more confident and assertive right away. Think about how hard your close friend worked to get this offer. He or she probably spent hours preparing for the interview, changed their resume 20 times, and gave up Prime for a month. Shouldn’t he or she be paid for what they’re worth? You think so?
This anger at being treated unfairly is called indignation. That can help you get over your fear of negotiating.
Give an exact salary amount
Instead of a nice round number, give a specific salary amount. So, this means that if you say $47,650 instead of $47,000, you are much more likely to get a final number closer to what you were expecting from the start. According to a study done by Columbia Business School, your employer is more likely to think that you did a lot of research into your market value to come up with that number. It also makes sense from anecdotal evidence, because if you have a friend who works in the role you’re applying for and has a similar background and experience, and that friend tells you how much they make, you can be pretty sure that this is a number you can also negotiate for.
Have an exit point
Have a worst-case scenario or a point where you can quit. Yes, you should do research and come up with a target number. You should look at salary ranges on sites like glassdoor.com and monster.com and pick a number between 80% and 85%. Having a worst-case scenario in mind helps you get ready to walk away if the final offer is so low that you can’t accept it. You don’t want to agree to something that you can’t afford or will make you feel bad about later.
Use facts, not how you feel
Bring facts to the table, not just how you feel. If you explain why you want a higher salary, your employer is much more likely to consider your offer. Because this helps them see why you should get what you want. Saying that you deserve a 15% raise because you’ve been working for two more years than the average team member is a much stronger argument than just throwing out the 15% number. Of course, it’s easy to come off as haughty when you’re trying to explain something.
Ethically negotiate your pay offer. Only negotiate with an employer whose offer you intend to accept if the negotiation is successful. It’s not fair to negotiate with an employer if you don’t plan to take the job offer, even if your terms are met. It is assumed that if you reach a good compromise, you will accept the position. Once you’ve said yes to a job offer, you shouldn’t really keep interviewing with other companies. If you are interviewing with other companies, you should contact them directly to inform them that you have accepted an offer and are withdrawing from consideration. Be careful not to burn any bridges at this point. Some of these organisations may need to hire you in the future, or you may want to get in touch with them again about work.
Show that you care
Last but not least, during the salary negotiation process, show how thankful you are to have been offered the job. This will not only make you seem more likeable, but it will also make the other person think you have good intentions. If you’re nervous about negotiating the salary after getting a job offer, we hope that the three real consequences we mentioned and the five practical tips we gave have made you feel better about the idea. | <urn:uuid:ace8752f-abca-4f03-b3ae-f6a0c7666765> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://looneypalace.com/how-to-talk-about-salary-after-getting-a-job/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.972252 | 1,358 | 1.914063 | 2 |
'Child's Christmas' uses unique approach to casting students
Friday, December 11, 2009
Play is a re-telling of Christmas memories
"One Christmas was so much like another..."
A Child's Christmas in Wales is not the story of one child's Christmas. Nor is it specific to Wales or any other place. A Child's Christmas in Wales is the story of everyone's Christmas.
Based on the poem by Dylan Thomas, A Child's Christmas in Wales is a re-telling of Christmas memories, complete with everything from throwing snowballs at cats, to discussing Christmas presents, to caroling and singing "King Wenceslaus." The story is designed to capture hearts and minds not through a specific tale but through generic vignettes that call upon the memories and personal moments everyone has experienced at Christmas.
A Child's Christmas in Wales focuses on the non-commercial side of the holiday and is a celebration of family and community. Perhaps what makes this story ring true is the real community that the cast developed while working together with the director, Mark Staley, and associate director, Joey Scarillo, to create the adaptation.
Contrary to most casting processes, the cast for A Child's Christmas in Wales was selected as a group, with individual roles not being chosen until their first meeting together. The directors simply looked for honest people who could work well together. They also chose students who were musically creative.
The purpose of this unique method of casting was to put together students who could develop their own "family" in addition to working with the directors to create the adaptation out of Thomas' poem. The production also has a student-only design team.
"It is their own," said Staley.
This has become a major professional opportunity for all of the students involved. The students are able to work as creative professionals while still being in a supportive student environment. They have the opportunity to learn through their own experiments what will work and what won't.
"It would be easy to give them the answer," he said. "But it'd be wrong."
Although the production has a directive team, the cast collaborated a lot on the show to make it more than just illustrated words. Several students created original songs for the production out of a few lines in the poem. The cast also created a unique family tree to help develop their characters with unspoken backgrounds, subplots and relations. They even incorporated a bit of themselves in the play by contributing their own home videos for use in the production.
The adaptation creates a unique experience that is designed to encourage each audience member to take something different home from the show. While being directed at children, the story is complex enough for adults and full of classic memories for older patrons.
"This play has gone far beyond anything I could have expected," said Staley.
A Child's Christmas in Wales opens Friday, Dec. 11 and runs until Sunday, Dec. 20 with a preview performance open to the public on Thursday, Dec. 10. Shows are Thursdays through Saturdays at 8 p.m. and Saturdays and Sundays at 2 p.m.; there is no show on Thursday, Dec. 17. Tickets are $7 each and can be purchased by calling the box office at 412.621.4445 or online at www.pittsburghplayhouse.com.
Photos by Drew Yenchak | <urn:uuid:c006c57e-f88d-4ba9-9a0d-e7514d04206f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.pointpark.edu/news-copa/childs-christmas-uses-unique-approach-to-casting-students | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00454-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975752 | 685 | 2.609375 | 3 |
ATTENTION: This Page is for Real Americans™ ONLY If you are not a Real American™, pack your bags and report to GITMO.
Mustache is Very Manly™.
The mustache is a luxuriant thatch of hair that starts below the nose, above the upper lip and extends from each end of the mouth. Mustaches, or "stashes," denote virility and potency in the grower/wearer of "the stash." While any man with a pair of balls and an upper lip can grow a mustache, it takes a real man to wear a mustache properly. This is called "Mandom."
While a lush mustache is a respectable and pleasing form of facial hair, beards are not. To be more exact, men with beards are unacceptable, they know what they did.
It should be noted that some non-carny women grow and wear facial hair such as mustaches. If such hair is not job related, to allow such growth is an abomination unto God and man. Some such hirsute "women" are Rachel Maddow, Italians and Frida Kahlo
100% accurate depiction of what Stephen looks like with a mustache. Gaze upon his visage, not dark but beautiful and terrible as the Morn! Treacherous as the Seas! Stronger than the foundations of the Earth! All shall love him and despair! | <urn:uuid:41961e34-9afb-40c3-adda-23172e302486> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://wikiality.wikia.com/wiki/Mustache | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00546-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949894 | 286 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Section 11: Powers and duties of the division of immigration and Americanization
Section 11. The division of immigration and Americanization shall employ such methods, consistent with law, as in its judgment, will tend to bring into sympathetic and mutually helpful relations the commonwealth and its residents of foreign origin, protect immigrants from exploitation and abuse, stimulate their acquisition and mastery of English, develop their understanding of American government, institutions and ideals, and generally promote their assimilation and naturalization. For the above purposes, the division may co-operate with other officers and departments of the commonwealth and with all public agencies, federal, state or municipal. It may investigate the exploitation or abuse of immigrants and in making any investigation may require the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of books and documents relating to the matter under investigation. Subject to the approval of the department and of the commission on administration and finance, the division may make reasonable charges for any service rendered or material furnished by it. | <urn:uuid:fd5d7e13-4754-4955-b87d-035d6708ee55> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXII/Chapter69/Section11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00004-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947609 | 196 | 1.851563 | 2 |
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
March 5, 2007
Mr. Webb introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations
To prohibit the use of funds for military operations in Iran.
Prohibition on use of funds for military operations in Iran
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no funds appropriated or otherwise made available by any Act, including any Act enacted after the date of the enactment of this Act, may be obligated or expended for military operations or activities within or above the territory of Iran, or within the territorial waters of Iran, except pursuant to a specific authorization of Congress enacted in a statute enacted after the date of the enactment of this Act.
The prohibition in subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to military operations or activities as follows:
Military operations or activities to directly repel an attack launched from within the territory of Iran.
Military operations or activities to directly thwart an imminent attack to be launched from within the territory of Iran.
Military operations or activities in hot pursuit of forces engaged outside the territory of Iran who thereafter enter into Iran.
Military operations or activities connected with the intelligence or intelligence-related activities of the United States Government.
Not later than 24 hours after determining to utilize funds referred to in subsection (a) for purposes of a military operation described in subsection (b), the President shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the determination, including a justification for the determination.
Appropriate committees of Congress defined
In this section, the term appropriate committees of Congress means—
the Committees on Armed Services and Foreign Relations and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and
the Committees on Armed Services and Foreign Affairs and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives. | <urn:uuid:bd62642b-2a86-45ad-80a2-7e19a5887eda> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/110/s759/text | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00562-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.916558 | 361 | 1.78125 | 2 |
It’s easy to romanticize the cold. There is something about the purity of snow, snuggling by a warm fire, or staying indoors to listen to the rain that can elevate the spirit even during the darkest of days. However, for some of those living with lupus, cold weather can mean stiffness, painful joints, rashes and added discomfort to an already difficult diagnosis.
Here are a few simple tips from members of our community to help those with lupus during this time of year:
- Stay inside.
“I love running a warm bath or just chilling on the couch with the dog. I always use a company like https://siriuspac.com/carrollton-plumbers/ to make sure my hot water is working. It’s so important to keep warm when you are sick. If I find I can’t get out of bed that day I have a good book handy to keep me preoccupied and drink warm cups of tea. If I’m totally wiped out I listen to my body and just sleep with my eye pillow on and burn some lavender oil to relax. Gratitude works wonders for low mood days too, so writing lists of things I’m grateful for helps shift perspective.” – Laura
- Use heating pads, blankets, and hand warmers.
“I try to keep my hands, legs, and toes as warm as possible because I have neuropathy in those areas. My nose burns if I’m outside too long. Before winter knocks my door, I usually check whether my heating appliances are in good condition or not. This time around they were not! So, I had to ask for recommendations for finding a technician who can repair them at the earliest. Those in the know therefore, suggested me to check out websites like burichvac.com/chevy-chase-heating-furnace/. Who knows, I might just consider this option before winter takes a toll on my health.” – Alita
“Blankets! Blankets! Blankets (preferably the fuzzy, comfy ones!)” – Anonymous
- Dress for the occasion.
“It helps to keep warm with lots of layers, woolen socks, beanies, and boots. I like to have a bit of fun putting my outfits together and put on some make up to cover a rash and just to give myself a confidence boost (maybe when I’m not feeling so good inside)!” – Laura
- Drink something warm (preferably with friends).
“I am prone to depression and I do withdraw socially like a lot of people when it gets super cold. I find it helps to make weekly cuppa dates at friends’ houses.” – Laura
- Catharsis works.
“I journal to let my emotions out while letting tears stream. Not holding it in. This also allows me to look back afterwards when things are okay again and reflect.” – Jessica
“Celebrate the good days and find your inner strength in the bad days.” – Laura
- Keep your community close
“Make sure that you go and participate in events, even though you’d rather be in bed, at home. When you become connected with people and your world, you’ll be so much happier and maybe even feel a bit better.” – Laura
- Be patient.
“At the end of the day, no matter what you’re going through, try to be gentle with yourself. You are going through so much physically and emotionally. Allow yourself to feel what you’re feeling, and realize that no one should have to be this brave or this strong. No matter how you cope, know that you are making it through your day as best you can and that will always be admirable and more than enough.” – Alyssa | <urn:uuid:b443a3ba-05f6-402d-b6a8-265c23c26f09> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://healthstoriesproject.com/getting-through-winter-with-lupus/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.950157 | 818 | 1.625 | 2 |
The outrage against black womanhood
After a lifetime in Caribbean and international politics, I thought the time had long since passed when I could be outraged by any event.
But I was outraged last week and I continue to seethe over the fact that Pamela Ramsey Taylor, the director of a Clay County, West Virginia, non-profit who was removed from her post after she called Michelle Obama an "ape in heels" in a November Facebook post, will be re-instated in her job on December 23. What signal does this re-instatement send to Americans, black and white? Indeed, what statement does it make to the rest of the world?
This is not only blatant racism getting a pass; it is a most disturbing endorsement of it. Worse yet, it is a savage attack on black womanhood – something to which every right-minded person anywhere in the world should respond with robust indignation. I would not have been comfortable with myself if, through this commentary, I did not record my anger that Taylor's crass and vulgar remark has been rewarded. That reward opens wide the door to similar – if not worse – assaults on the dignity of black women.
Arguably, back women have been denigrated and degraded more than any other race of women in history and the world. In the Americas, including the Caribbean, they have been owned, abused, violated and discounted by white men and white women alike. For centuries, in slavery, they did they did not own their own bodies nor could not claim their own children. Their maltreatment did not end with slavery. In the post-emancipation period, they were denied education, training and the vote even as these rights were reluctantly granted to black men. Even in modern times, they struggle for equal pay with men; and for access to jobs for which they are as qualified as any man, black and white.
Michelle Obama epitomises the finest qualities of womanhood. She overcame all the prejudices and bigotry endemic in the society into which she was born to attend premier US institutions, graduating from Princeton University (graduating cum laude in 1985) and Harvard Law School in 1988. She worked for a leading law firm in Chicago. And, if her academic and professional accomplishments are not more than sufficient to earn her respect and admiration, she is physically an extremely attractive woman who carries herself with immense grace and charm.
Perhaps it is that attractiveness – acknowledged worldwide by Kings and Queens as much as celebrated fashion houses – that caused Taylor to describe this fine representative of all women (not just black women) as an "ape in heels". For those in whom racial superiority is ingrained, the very notion that a black woman could be regarded as bright and beautiful, challenges their atavistic and visceral sense of superiority and, with it, their power. The "ape in heels" remark was as much an expression of a desire to repress black women as contestants for a place equal to white women, as it was a spewing of vexation that this particular woman is a shining example to others of her kind who might be emboldened to follow in her footsteps.
Much has been written about the Presidency of Barack Obama. Not so much has been written of Michelle. But, the dignity, decency and respect for the Obama White House was not his doing alone. The Obama family is among the very best of American Presidential families (all of whom hitherto have been white) and that is due as much to Michelle Obama as to Barack Obama. Their performance is summed-up in the phrase that will be associated with her eternally: "When they go low, we go high". What she clearly meant by that is that, despite the racial slurs and the unprecedented public abuse thrown at her husband – the twice-elected President, they operated in the White House consistent with their roles as the representatives of all the people of the United States.
The racist elements in the United States (and in other parts of the world) were never content with a black President or a black First Lady, both of whom captured the imagination and respect of people the world over. That acceptance and acclaim does not play well with their characterization of the black race as inferior, or their own sense of ownership of the levers of power. When Taylor said that she would be pleased to see "a white woman" again in the White House, she was asserting the relief that whites could be seen again to be fully in charge. The flip-side of that contention is that blacks would be returned to their place – and that place does not include the highest office in the land, or occupancy of the "White" House.
Michelle Obama never responded to Taylor's remarks. She did not dignify it. She did the right thing. But the government of West Virginia did the wrong thing by re-instating Taylor to her job. She now has a license to continue to be vicious and others will feel they have a free pass to denigrate black people.
In all this, the words of the late Maya Angelou dances through my mind:
"You may write me down in history
With your bitter, twisted lies,
You may tread me in the very dirt
But still, like dust, I'll rise".
The Obamas triumphed in the White House, and showed to the world that the depiction of black people – and particularly black women – is distorted. The Obamas in the White House ripped that depiction to shreds. In no small way, that is due to a most attractive woman who walked as gracefully in her heels, as she sparkled in her running shoes, and even barefooted.
Every woman should be pleased that Michelle Obama represented them and empowered them.
Responses and previous commentaries: www.sirronaldsanders.com
(Sir Ronald Sanders is Antigua and Barbuda's Ambassador to the United States and the OAS. He is a Senior Fellow at the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, University of London and Massey College in the University of Toronto. The views expressed are his own) | <urn:uuid:1a6cac44-fe78-42fb-9b5d-6b55b9cc9cac> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://sundominica.com/articles/the-outrage-against-black-womanhood-4024/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.981315 | 1,232 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Tell The FDA To Strengthen Its Antibiotics Plan
Dear FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb,
Antibiotics are simply too important to lose. According to the World Health Organization, if we want to avoid ruining the effectiveness of antibiotics, we need to stop the use of these drugs on healthy animals. However, in the FDA's recent plan to save antibiotics, you allow this dangerous practice to continue.
I urge you to listen to these experts and ban the use of medically important antibiotics on healthy animals. | <urn:uuid:3026fa71-ecaa-488a-b19e-eb2eb2c2aa83> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pennpirg.webaction.org/p/dia/action4/common/public/?action_KEY=28304 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.904583 | 108 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Tradition – “the handing down of statements, beliefs, legends, customs, information, etc., from generation to generation, esp. by word of mouth or by practice: a story that has come down to us by popular tradition”
Traditions are an important reminder of who we are, where we came from, what we believe, and what we value. We pass them along to our children who one day will find that they are a little less alone because of them.
One of our most popular traditions of course is Christmas. Christians celebrate this day as a holy day, the birth of Christ. Others celebrate it as more of a secular holiday. But all recognize it as a tradition – a time of good will, a time to remember and celebrate our family and friends both near and far, those who are still with us and those whom we’ve lost.
The Christmas tree, traditionally a live evergreen, was first used to decorate homes during winter long before Christmas became a holiday. Evergreens were believed to keep witches, ghosts, evil spirits and illnesses away from homes where they were displayed.
Germany is credited with the traditional celebration of decorating trees for Christmas and bringing them into their homes. And by 1890, Christmas ornaments were arriving in America from Germany and the Christmas tree became popular in the U.S. While live trees are the tradition, many artificial trees have also become popular with some.
Traditional Christmas tree decorations include: lights, ornaments, tree toppers, garland, and nativity scenes. Many of these decorations are ones that have been handed down from one generation to another. Others may be recently purchased or newly purchased. Many people add one or more new decoration each year while others may prefer only vintage or hand-made decorations. Certain themes, such as only one or more colors, have also become a popular way of decorating a Christmas tree.
It is believed that Martin Luther, the 16th century Protestant reformer was the first to add lighted candles to the tree. He wanted to recapture the sparkling stars on a dark night and how the stars illuminated his walk home, so he brought a tree into his home and placed it in the center of the room. He then wired the tree branches with lighted candles.
In the early 20th century most Americans were using homemade ornaments on their trees such as popcorn strings decorated with dyed bright colors and laced with berries and nuts. Electricity changed the tree to include electric lights and trees began to glow in town squares and in homes all across America, making the Christmas tree, an American tradition.
Many cities claim to be the first city to have a Christmas tree in America including: Windsor Locks, a city in Connecticut. They claim that a Hessian soldier put up a Christmas tree in 1777 while he was imprisoned at the Noden-Reed House, making it the first Christmas tree in New England. | <urn:uuid:4d5b83eb-ad4b-4a10-9675-58a5b066658a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://workitmom.com/articles/detail/9954/the-tradition-of-christmas | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00131-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973246 | 600 | 3.078125 | 3 |
1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Pre-existence, Doctrine of
PRE-EXISTENCE, DOCTRINE OF, in theology, the doctrine that Jesus Christ had a human soul which existed before the creation of the world—the first and most perfect of created things—and subsisted, prior to His human birth, in union with the Second Person of the Godhead. It was this human soul which suffered the pain and sorrow described in the Gospels. The chief exposition of this doctrine is that of Dr Watts (Works, v. 274, &c.); it has received little support. In a wider form the doctrine has been applied to men in general—namely, that in the beginning of Creation God created the souls of all men, which were subsequently as a punishment for ill-doing incarnated in physical bodies till discipline should render them fit for spiritual existence. Supporters of this doctrine, the Pre-existants or Pre-existiani, are found as early as the 2nd century, among them being Justin Martyr and Origen (q.v.), and the idea not only belongs to metempsychosis and mysticism generally, but is widely prevalent in Oriental thought. It was condemned by the Council of Constantinople in 540, but has frequently reappeared in modern thought (cf. Wordsworth's Intimations of Immortality) being in fact the natural correlative of a belief in immortality. | <urn:uuid:9312bb49-ff55-4e89-a866-c5f2be07d496> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Pre-existence,_Doctrine_of | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00173-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968252 | 290 | 3.078125 | 3 |
As Election Day draws near, the conversation around the upcoming U.S. Presidential election has reached a fever pitch. And although many companies are steering clear of public partisan support, all can agree that encouraging consumers to get out to vote is paramount. Here's a roundup of company efforts to "rock the vote:”
- USA Today Network launched the "Voting Because” effort this week, empowering Americans to share why their vote counts. A dedicated microsite allows consumers to create a meme or printable card to explain the reasons they vote with their networks using the hashtag #votingbecause, and a gallery shares the latest consumer posts. Visitors can also sign up for the Voting Because newsletter to learn more about the issues important in this election cycle.
- Patagonia's political agenda is centered on encouraging voters to consider supporting candidates and policies that protect the environment, with the campaign "Vote Our Planet.” The outdoor outfitter's dedicated website allows visitors to "Get Informed & Register,” share #VoteOurPlanet social media posts and discover local events at Patagonia stores.
- Virgin America is partnering with Rock the Vote to increase voter registration from the sky. The airline is following its in-flight safety video with a PSA encouraging Millennials to vote. The video concludes with instructions for flyers to register to vote via in-flight WiFi, as well as a contest to win a trip to the inauguration.
- Ben & Jerry's* has launched the "Democracy is in Your Hands" campaign to expand voter access and voter rights and "get big money out of the political process.” This national campaign, focused in North Carolina, a state at the heart of the voting rights dispute, has a dedicated website encouraging voter registration and asks people to sign a petition to reauthorize the Voting Rights Act, while answering questions about voting rights. At local scoop shops, the brand is asking consumers to fill out a pledge to vote card, which will be sent to participants before voting day as a personal reminder. To further activate consumers and raise awareness, Ben & Jerry's also launched a new fudge-filled flavor, Empower Mint.
- To do their parts, companies like Casper, Thrillist and DataXu have committed to give employees November 8 off to vote. The effort was spurred by a campaign called Take Tuesday, which is encouraging more employers to make Election Day a vacation day or give employees time to vote in during working hours to make going to the polls easier and increase voter turnout.
Whatever side of the aisle individuals fall on, increasing voter turnout is an issue most companies can rally behind. And organizations that harness unique communications strategies, whether that be fun flavored ice cream or in-store events, can help more consumers understand the power of each and every vote. | <urn:uuid:e9f57904-0ebc-47ff-863a-9b244803cc2d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.conecomm.com/insights-blog/companies-encourage-voting-presidential-election | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00562-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94245 | 570 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Take Two: Fed delivers biggest rate hike since 1994; ECB seeks to tackle borrowing costs
What do you need to know?
The US Federal Reserve raised its benchmark federal funds rate by 75 basis points (bp) to a range of 1.5% to 1.75%, the largest hike since 1994. The central bank expects the median rate to reach 3.4% by year-end (versus 1.9% as predicted in March) and peak at 3.8% next year (versus 2.8%). Fed Chair Jerome Powell signalled that sustained concern over rising prices meant that the next rate meeting would consider a further hike of between 50bp and 75bp. Fed projections were for a slowing US economy, accompanied by a modest rise in unemployment, but Powell said the bank was “not trying to induce a recession”. Markets in the US and beyond deemed the risk to be greater, however, and most major indices were lower in the week to Thursday’s close.
Around the world
The European Central Bank announced measures to counter rising borrowing costs in the Eurozone’s peripheral states, directing cash from maturing debt to the most indebted nations and preparing new tools to prevent wide discrepancies in borrowing costs as it sought to address market nerves. Separately, the Swiss National Bank surprised with a large 50bp rate hike, the first in 15 years, as it tackles the threat of inflation, while the Bank of England delivered its fifth hike in a row, of 25bp, in a split-decision that saw three members of the nine-member committee argue for 50bp. The Bank said it would act “forcefully” should price rises fail to moderate.
Figure in focus
101.6 Million Barrels
Despite current economic uncertainty, the International Energy Agency (IEA) has forecast global oil demand will expand by 2.2m barrels per day (bpd) to 101.6m bpd in 2023 – above pre-pandemic levels. In its June Oil Market Report it said that although higher prices and a weaker economic outlook are moderating consumption increases, it expects a resurgent China to help drive gains next year as it moves out of COVID-19 lockdowns. But the IEA added that “higher oil prices and a weaker economic outlook continue to temper our oil demand growth expectations”.
Words of wisdom
Greater Fool Theory
Greater fool theory: A concept that attempts to explain how market bubbles are sustained. It essentially refers to the idea that even if you own an asset that appears overvalued by most measures, in certain conditions you will always be able to find a ‘greater fool’ to take the asset off your hands at a profit. Tech billionaire Bill Gates last week used the phrase in critical comments about conditions in the cryptocurrency market and the rise of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs).
What’s coming up
On Tuesday, the Reserve Bank of Australia publishes the minutes from its June monetary policy meeting where it raised its cash rate by 50bp to 0.85%. On Wednesday, May inflation data for Canada and the UK are announced, while the ECB holds its non-monetary policy meeting. A spate of flash Purchasing Manager Indices are published on Thursday, including for Japan, the Eurozone, the US and the UK. On Friday, Japan publishes updated inflation data for May. | <urn:uuid:82cfe059-c87a-481b-97de-640bfaa24a93> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.axa-im.com/news-and-experts-insights/investment-institute/macroeconomics/weekly-market-update/take-two-fed-delivers-biggest-rate-hike-1994-ecb-seeks-tackle-borrowing-costs | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.954771 | 698 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Studies, Risks, and Dosage for Inducing Labor with Castor Oil
How It Works
Castor oil is a liquid laxative that you can find in most drug and health food stores. There are three main ways it works:
- It induces contractions in the bowels, which in turn can cause the uterus to to begin contracting as well.
- It dehydrates the body, which can also cause contractions.
- Scientists have discovered that ricinoleic acid, a key component of castor oil, targets prostaglandin receptors on smooth muscle cells in the intestines and uterus to stimulate contractions.
Before Inducing Labor With Castor Oil
- Try other methods first. Other forms of natural induction can be a lot more pleasant and won't have as many potential side effects.
- Don’t take too much. Never take more than 1-2 tablespoons (max 1 oz or approx 30 ml) in a 24-hour period.
- Drink lots of water, as castor oil is a laxative and will dehdyrate you.
- Don’t induce early. If your body is not ready to go into labor it will not work. Unless you have a good reason (discomfort is not a good reason!) don't attempt this before 40 weeks. If you're facing medical induction, make sure you're aware that it's within your rights to refuse or ask for a later date.
- Only take it to induce. Do not take it as a way to speed up labour. Doing so can make birth even more painful.
- Do it at your own risk. Talk to your medical professional if in doubt.
Castor Oil Risks, Dangers, and Side-Effects: Meconium
If you research castor oil induction thoroughly, you'll find that there are two camps. One camp claims that castor oil may have the same laxative effect on the baby as it does on the mother. As such, using the oil to induce may increase the chance of meconium – the baby’s first stool – being passed during labor. That can potentially be harmful to the baby if it’s aspirated, or inhaled into the lungs, potentially causing pneumonia or some developmental delays. The second camp claims that castor oil labor induction has no relation to passing meconium.
This is still an area of controversy, so you’ll want to look at the research and make your own decision. But these are the facts that I’ve found, which can help you make your own decision.
- Babies born postdate (40 weeks and over) have a higher chance of passing meconium in the womb because their bowels are more mature.
- Babies born without using castor oil to induce labor can still pass meconium in the womb (at any gestation date).
- Babies born with castor oil labor induction often do not pass meconium in the womb.
- No well-documented study has linked meconium and castor oil labor induction or proven that (these types of) laxatives can pass through the placenta in any form.
- Approximately 57% of women who take castor oil go into labor. Remember this is a statistic only and may not take into account how far along they were or other conditions such as prelabour or other forms of natural induction.
But Isn't Castor Oil Used for Abortion?
Another common argument against using castor oil is that it’s an abortifacient. While true, it’s somewhat beside the point: abortion and induction share the same basic goal of evacuating the womb. Many medical induction aids (including pitocin) are also commonly used in abortion.
Medical Opinion on Castor Oil and Labor
Even medical opinion on the subject varies widely. Some obstetricians and midwives regularly recommend the use of castor oil to induce labour once a woman passes 40 weeks while others discourage or strongly warn against it.
Until the last few decades, castor oil and soap enemas were commonly used in hospitals to induce labor. However doctors discovered other methods of induction that had higher success rates because they were more forceful on the body.
If you do have a high-risk pregnancy or are ill, it's a good idea to either seek medical advice or avoid castor oil as an induction method.
Studies and Medical Links Regarding Castor Oil Induction
If you want to do more research on your own - which I recommend - you may want to start with some of the studies below.
- Castor Oil Literature Review: This meta-analysis reviews the biggest studies on castor oil inductions, offering an overview of the current research on the subject.
- Castor Oil Increases Labor Onset - This study finds that women were more likely to go into labor within 24 hours of taking castor oil.
- Castor Oil Study On 600 Women - This study found that there was no big difference in likelihood of going into labor between those who did or did not take the oil. However, the study also found no harm to the infants either.
According to a 2012 research paper in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,scientists have discovered that ricinoleic acid, a key component of castor oil, targets prostaglandin receptors on smooth muscle cells in the intestines and uterus to stimulate contractions,
The well known guide "What to Expect When You're Expecting" simply says on the topic of Castor Oil induction:
Castor oil. Hoping to sip your way into labor with a castor oil cocktail? Women have been passing down this yucky tasting tradition for generations on the theory that this powerful laxative will stimulate your bowels, which in turn will stimulate your uterus into contracting. The caveat for this one: Castor oil (even mixed with a more appetizing drink) can cause diarrhea, severe cramping and even vomiting. Before you chug-a-lug, be sure you're game to begin labor that way.
What Does Castor Oil Taste Like?
Castor oil is a thick liquid which some people do not like the taste of at all. Others say it is nearly tasteless.
It is a thick, clear, oily liquid similar in taste and consistency to cooking oil. Some report a soapy taste as well.
Castor Oil Side Effects
- Diarrhea - Since castor oil is a laxative, this is a very common side effect.
- Vomiting - A small number of women also vomit due to the strong effect of the oil.
- Cramping - The bowel will usually cramp due to the laxative effect of the castor oil but not everyone will feel it. Some women will experience violent cramps however.
- Nothing - some women will not experience any side effects at all.
Castor Oil Preparation
- Make sure you have plenty of water available to keep you from being dehydrated.
- Be close to a toilet.
- Have your hospital bags ready.
How Long It Takes
It takes anywhere from two to six hours for side effects to begin. Side effects can last from one to six hours. It can take from 5-24 hours for castor oil labor to begin, if it's going to.
Benefits of Castor Oil Induction
- You don't need to be dilated or engaged for it to work.
- Your system is clean so that it's unlikely you'll have any "accidents" while pushing during labour, except in the rare cases where labor begins very fast or was about to begin when you took the castor oil anyway.
- Although stronger than other natural induction methods, castor oil still will not put you into labor unless your body is ready - unlike a medical induction.
Castor Oil Dosage and Methods for Induction
Many people recommend taking half a cup or more of castor oil. Personally I'd only recommend taking 1-2 tablespoons at most. As long as you take enough to make the castor oil do it's job, you don't need to overdose on it and, in fact, taking too much can lead to severe dehydration.
There are plenty of ways you can take castor oil, it's completely up to you. Here are some suggestions:
- Mix with orange juice or a strong flavoured drink to cover the taste.
- Take as a shot then chase it with something to remove the taste.
- Drink over ten minutes either mixed or in small straight amounts.
I decided to try castor oil as a last ditch effort when I was at 41 weeks. I was scheduled for a medical induction at 41+3. According to the doctor just three days before, I was undilated and the baby wasn't completely down in the birth canal.
I drank one tablespoon of castor oil at 3pm in the afternoon. I was running to the toilet from approx 5.30pm to 7pm and then had no more side effects. I cleaned my house so I was ready, just in case, and about 11.30pm I decided that it was time for bed.
I lay down on the bed and immediately had my first contraction. This was followed by a second contraction two minutes later. We arrived at the hospital and my baby girl was born 4 hours later, a healthy 8lbs, 4oz and with no complications. She had an almost perfect Apgar score of 9 followed by a 10.
In hindsight, I would not induce labor with castor oil again, because now I'm aware that I can refuse medical induction. However I would still personally choose it instead of pitocin in the event I needed it.
If you're going to try inducing with castor oil or have already, I'd love to receive a comment below with your experience. | <urn:uuid:586aecf8-305b-4065-b1bd-158edbfd59d4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://wehavekids.com/having-baby/Castor-Oil-Labor-Induction-All-You-Need-To-Know | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00499-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965581 | 2,033 | 2.078125 | 2 |
The first person that comes to my mind when I think of the word gentlemen is Michael Alexander Pannell. The definition of a gentlemen is a chivalrous, courteous, or honorable man. No three words could describe Michael any better.
Michael is studying to become an Occupational Therapist at The University of Mississippi Medical Center. Occupational Therapists help develop, improve and restore independence to those who have been injured, have a illness or who are disabled. Occupational therapy combines his passion of working with people and helping others. He strives to live life to the fullest and believes that everyone should get the chance to reach their full potential. He serves as the class photographer where he is able to capture his classmates greatest moments and make them into memories. He loves being able to photograph others and have them see themselves in the best possible way.
He has a strong heart and a passion for life that can not be matched. He embodies the ideal modern gentlemen. He is kind, influential and willing to help whenever he can. When he isn’t studying he can be found volunteering with children with special needs at a local dance class. Michael treats everyone he meets with the utmost respect and kindness. He has the ability to make everyone feel important and always puts others before himself. Michael is constantly encouraging others to reach their fullest potential and assist them in achieving their goals.
Michaels favorite charity benefits ALS. ALS (Amyotrophic Laterals Sclerosis) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord. Those with ALS have muscle weakness that can make it difficult to walk and talk. A goal of Michaels is to one day help create adaptive equipment for those with ALS to help them complete daily tasks that they otherwise could not do. He lives his life with strong conservative values and holds himself to the highest standard. To know Michael is an honor. | <urn:uuid:82499e34-3d31-4a44-9f15-fb05647b37a8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://enlightenedwomen.org/gentlemen/michael-pannell-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.967508 | 385 | 2.03125 | 2 |
This article originally appeared on VICE Indonesia.
The Wikipedia Indonesia Twitter account is known for its funny anecdotes, but lately, the person behind that account has been on a continuous rant about the website's validity as an academic source.
“You think when your professor says not to use Wiki as a source, he thinks you’ll quote Wikipedia directly?!” the tweet reads.
The post comes with a photo that enumerates points meant to enlighten skeptics. “Wikipedia is not a source. It directs you to other sources,” reads one. “The page must contain footnotes,” says another. “The footnotes must be from a reliable source,” the last bullet reminds.
After the admin’s little outburst, we thought it would be appropriate to have a chat with him to discuss the misconceptions he feels so strongly about. 24-year-old Bonaventura Aditya Perdana, who goes by the name Bona, has been a Wikipedia administrator and contributor for years.
While I expected his personality to reflect his hilarious tweets, it turns out that he’s the most “Wikipedia” guy out there: prim and proper.
Regardless, we hope this interview clears things up for you, your friends, and your professors who preach that Wikipedia is an unreliable source written by trolls.
VICE: Hello, Bona! What’s your official role at Wikipedia? How long have you been doing it?
Bona: Actually, I’d like to clear that up. Wikipedia isn’t a company, it’s an online community that aims to provide free information. All contributors are volunteers, so we don’t get paid.
At Wikipedia, there are no titles or job descriptions, just responsibilities. For example, I’m their social media administrator, so I help with administrative tasks (protecting pages, blocking users, providing users with rights to access) and promoting Wikipedia on social media. I’ve been a contributor since 2012.
Besides “working” for Wikipedia, do you have a day job?
I’m a social media officer at a comic book company.
Professors often forbid their students from referencing Wikipedia. What do you and other contributors think about that? Where do you think the reluctance to cite Wikipedia originated?
So, Wikipedia’s main goal from the start was to make information more widely accessible. If someone is interested in psychology, they don’t have to sift through books or spend hours surfing the internet.
Regarding the “ban” on using Wikipedia as an academic source, most people don’t know it’s actually a viable source. All you need to do is look at the footnotes in each article. There’s your source.
Use the footnotes as your official citation, don’t quote the Wikipedia page itself. Wikipedia is a gateway to more knowledge, and that’s where the footnotes come into play. Wikipedia isn’t a replacement for all the knowledge out there. Instead, it’s meant to help people access information beyond the Wikipedia page.
I heard that it’s really easy to make a Wikipedia page. Has Wikipedia ever gotten rid of an article that wasn’t accurate?
That’s what administrators do every day. Wikipedia has a “Recent Edits” feature that shows all the activity on a certain page. Some contributors’ job is to check each contribution, whether it’s a new article, an edit, etc. You can find that here. Only administrators can delete articles.
How do you become an administrator or a contributor? Is there a selection process?
If you want to be a contributor, all you have to do is sign up here. Administrators, on the other hand, are chosen yearly. There’s a sign-up process, a fit and proper test, and even a vote. You can see how it was done in 2019 here.
How many administrators are there across Indonesia?
We currently have 36. Here’s a list of them.
What do you think is the most common misconception about Wikipedia? Besides the assumption that it’s not a viable academic source, of course.
Hmm, so most people ask me if Wikipedia contributors get paid. The answer is no. Wikipedia is a free encyclopedia built by volunteers. Volunteers by definition don’t get paid.
Wikipedia stays alive thanks to the Wikimedia Foundation, which raises money every year to fund the website and other projects.
Are Wikipedia contributors involved in any of those projects? Who takes charge of them?
Even though we do this work voluntarily, Wikipedia still needs a unifying body to take care of the tasks volunteers can’t handle. This includes legal work, server maintenance, event organizing in various countries, and the likes. The people at the Wikimedia Foundation are considered staff or employees, and they get paid. They’re based in San Francisco.
Since Wikipedia has so many pages, do contributors ever have a hard time figuring out what to add to a page? Or is there always something to add every day?
Since we as humans learn more things every day, it’s unlikely that a contributor wouldn’t have information to add or update on any given day. As of now, Wikipedia Indonesia has one million registered users and around 2,000 active users. This is a lot less than the number of users on the English Wikipedia.
You speak very formally. Is it because you’re representing Wikipedia?
I just like writing more formally, but on Twitter I have to adjust my language to the targeted demographics. I’m used to it because I’ve been contributing to Wikipedia since I was in high school. In year 11, I had to memorize all the words in the dictionary.
Every word?! What kind of high school did you go to?
Yeah, it was weird. But it really had an impact on me moving forward. In fact, the passing grade was 80 out of 100.
Thanks for the chat, Bona! Best of luck! | <urn:uuid:7b61049a-8587-4324-814a-785d221b408f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vice.com/en/article/8xwgev/we-asked-a-wikipedia-contributor-why-everyone-thinks-theyre-unreliable | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.930867 | 1,279 | 1.875 | 2 |
An estimated 40,000 people gathered in Washington, D.C. on Sunday for the Forward on Climate Rally on the National Mall. The rally preceded a march to the White House to urge President Barack Obama to take action against climate change and reject the Keystone XL pipeline.
350.org founder Bill McKibben said at the rally, according to a statement, “For 25 years our government has basically ignored the climate crisis: now people in large numbers are finally demanding they get to work." He added, "We shouldn't have to be here -- science should have decided our course long ago. But it takes a movement to stand up to all that money."
Sierra Club Executive Director Michael Brune, who was arrested last week protesting the Keystone XL pipeline in front of the White House, reiterated environmentalists' call for Obama and the State Department to reject the permit for TransCanada's international oil sands pipeline.
He said, “President Obama holds in his hand a pen and the power to deliver on his promise of hope for our children. Today, we are asking him to use that pen to to reject the Keystone XL tar sands pipeline, and ensure that this dirty, dangerous, export pipeline will never be built.”
Along with denying the pipeline's permit, organizers 350.org, Sierra Club and the Hip-Hop Caucus hope to see the president work to limit U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and transition to renewable energy.
Actor and environmentalist Robert Redford previously wrote about the planned rally, "This is the beginning. The beginning of a real battle, for America's future." Redford echoed activists' call for Obama to take action. "President Barack Obama's legacy will rest squarely on his response, resolve, and leadership in solving the climate crisis."
Natural Resources Defense Council President Frances Beinecke argued, "The time is right for this rally." In the wake of Obama's comments on climate change in his State of the Union Address, Beinecke wrote, "We want him to know that when he takes these bold actions to stabilize the climate, the American people will support him every step of the way."
Along with the rally in Washington, D.C., environmental groups planned simultaneous rallies in cities across the U.S. A rally in Los Angeles, California, organized by a coalition of over 90 groups, was expected to be the largest climate change rally ever staged in Los Angeles, according to an emailed Statement from the Sierra Club.
350.org draws its name from the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide, in parts per million, which climate scientists and activists say is a "safe upper limit" for preventing significant climate change. Current concentrations of CO2 are above 395 parts per million. With 2012 officially the hottest year on record for the U.S., activists warn that continued burning of fossil fuels will further increase greenhouse gas concentrations, raise global average temperatures and increase the odds of more frequent and intense extreme weather events.
In his 2013 State of the Union Address, President Obama said, "We can choose to believe that Superstorm Sandy, and the most severe drought in decades, and the worst wildfires some states have ever seen were all just a freak coincidence. Or we can choose to believe in the overwhelming judgment of science -- and act before it's too late." While Obama's speech was marked by sweeping rhetoric, it included "little detail on how to tackle climate change and propel green energy," noted The Huffington Post's Lynne Peeples.
Also on HuffPost:
More:Climate Rally Forward On Climate Protest Climate Change Rally Dc Climate Rally Forward On Climate Rally Washington Dc
The Morning Email helps you start your workday with everything you need to know: breaking news, entertainment and a dash of fun. Learn more | <urn:uuid:2a722649-d013-47a3-8394-5bd0d0b3da91> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/17/forward-on-climate-rally_n_2702575.html?ir=Science | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00227-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945099 | 763 | 1.867188 | 2 |
The approval means the line's developer, Clean Line Energy, can begin negotiating with potential customers. The line will connect projects in wind rich northern Texas, western Oklahoma and southwest Kansas to Tennessee and Arkansas.
It is expected to come into operation in 2017.
The line will be able to carry 3.5GW. FERC has granted Clean Line the authority to negotiate rates and subscribe up to 75% of the line's transmission capacity to anchor tenants. The remainder will be offered on the same terms through an open season process.
Speaking about the approval, Oklahoma Energy Secretary Michael Ming said: "This approval from FERC is a great step towards developing Oklahoma’s low-cost clean energy resources. The Plains and Eastern Clean Line will create jobs, while enabling billions of dollars of investments in Oklahoma’s clean energy industry." | <urn:uuid:a7a7612d-b379-45fe-add0-9fdca2b0ccc8> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.windpowermonthly.com/article/1149625/35gw-texas-transmission-line-clears-ferc-hurdle | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719453.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00231-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933111 | 168 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Atomic Adventures: Secret Islands, Forgotten N-Rays, and Isotopic Murder: A Journey into the Wild World of Nuclear Science
Publisher: Pegasus Books
Published: 4th Jul '17
The latest investigation from acclaimed nuclear engineer and author James Mahaffey unearths forgotten nuclear endeavors throughout history that were sometimes hair-brained, often risky, and always fascinating.
Whether you are a scientist or a poet, pro-nuclear energy or staunch opponent, conspiracy theorist or pragmatist, James Mahaffey’s books have served to open up the world of nuclear science like never before. With clear explanations of some of the most complex scientific endeavors in history, Mahaffey’s new book looks back at the atom’s wild, secretive past and then toward its potentially bright future. Mahaffey unearths lost reactors on far flung Pacific islands and trees that were exposed to active fission that changed gender or bloomed in the dead of winter. He explains why we have nuclear submarines but not nuclear aircraft and why cold fusion doesn’t exist. And who knew that radiation counting was once a fashionable trend? Though parts of the nuclear history might seem like a fiction mash-up, where cowboys somehow got a hold of a reactor, Mahaffey’s vivid prose holds the reader in thrall of the infectious energy of scientific curiosity and ingenuity that may one day hold the key to solving our energy crisis or sending us to Mars.
|Dimensions||36 × 165 × 236 mm| | <urn:uuid:782e890b-11af-4d61-a0b6-291346b7cf07> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://theportobellobookshop.com/product/atomic-adventures-secret-islands-forgotten-n-rays-and-isotopic-murder-a-journey-into-the-wild-world-of-nuclear-science-9781681774213/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.907117 | 349 | 2.078125 | 2 |
How to motivate your character
I’ve found that pointing guns usually work pretty well to motivate characters. Works pretty well for actual people, too. At least, in the movies it does. Guns and physical violence will physically motivate your characters in the direction that you as the writer need them to go, but it is a much more effective story if you can motivate them to go on their own, to want to go.
Fear, love, lust, power, family. These are the keys to motivating anyone to action. This is the lynchpin where reality and fantasy meet; we strive to make our characters as relatable and empathic as possible. We have to give them real, logical flaws and motivations for our readers to identify with, whether they are human or vampire. The key to storytelling and motivating your specific character is finding the key to his/her motivation and twisting it until it unlocks.
Sounds deep and difficult? Sounds hard and heartbreaking? It is, and that’s why we write. To discover these flaws and to show others how to overcome them.
Even though we create these characters, sometimes it’s hard to really know what your character wants, to find the layer underneath (and there does need to be a layer underneath). In my novel, Violet Jordan wanted a quiet life that was her own. However, that was only on the surface. As we dug through her life and tested her, we discovered that she didn’t just want a life that was her own; she wanted a life to share with family that was truly hers. Though the surface want would have made for a nice story, the deeper want makes for a more powerful story.
The next step is to dangle what they want in front of them. Show them that there is a life beyond them that is happy and wonderful, where there is the exact kind of peace they have been looking for. For a while, Violet knew a small family and was finally getting on with the whole shifting thing. To deepen your story, let your character run freely towards what they want (getting them moving of their own accord) and then take the floor out from underneath them. Now, they have had a taste of what they want and will keep moving in that direction.
The last step in motivating you character is to actively prevent your character from getting what they want. Most of the time, this obstacle is internal, a demon that whispers in their ear that they are not good enough to get what they want. Of course, sometimes it’s a huge space ship with firearms that could nuke them into space dust. As you might have heard before, the obstacle you design not only has to be tailored to the story, but also more clearly define the want of the character. Like cogs in a clock, the two will join together and keep running of their own accord. For example, Violet’s ultimate test is not to just kill the bad guy who keeps trying to destroy her life, but she has to kill her “brother” to protect the family that she had built to fit into her new life.
Now, you can’t just throw your character into the pond without a paddle. Give them tools they need use to get what they need. Give them experiences and allies that will help them keep moving, keep fighting. But that’s a whole other post.
Luckily, these three steps work for the good guys as well as the bad guys and when you design two characters that are equally designed to hinder the other towards their wants, it is a beautiful cat and mouse game that will not only motivate your characters to keep fighting for their goals and motivate your readers to keep reading.
Violet Jordan Rule #1 of being a superhero: No tights.
By now you know I'm hardly a normal girl. Last night I woke up naked in an alley after fighting off some werewolves. All in a day's work, I guess. I thought I was dealing pretty well with the whole werepanther thing: the training, the apocalyptic prophecies. And the hot guy following me around, protecting me at every turn, is definitely a bonus. I'm even starting to become accustomed to the bloodshed and the violence—and that's what scares me. What will tomorrow bring…
Do you know what your characters really want? Leave a comment, with your email, and I’ll drop your name into a drawing to win $25 gift certificate to the e-book retailer of your choice.
And check out the cat and cat game of Diaries of an Urban Panther, available from Avon Impulse, Amazon, and Barnes and Noble. | <urn:uuid:9a100ff9-a2c2-42ad-a277-251519eb3558> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://mindingspot.blogspot.com/2011/07/tour-diaries-of-urban-panther-guest.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00404-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977907 | 955 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Topic: Body of Christ, Unity, focus on Christ
Together we make up the body of Christ, and we are part of His great plan.
Painting of Christ- painted by the students
This activity could be used to illustrate many things. It could be an Easter activity to focus on Christ. I like to use it as a way to talk about the body of Christ.
We did this in our youth group with great success. It involves worship, a message, and a painting of Christ that the students paint. In the back of the room, there are two canvases. The students are unaware that the two canvases are actually two halves of a larger picture. The canvases are sectioned off and labeled, just like a paint-by-number picture. The students are dismissed to the back of the room, and they get to paint a section of one of the canvases. At the end of the evening, the two paintings are brought to the front and placed together, forming a picture of Christ. This illustrates that with each person being a brush stroke, we all make up the body of Christ together.
I downloaded the program Color By Number 2.0
by STOIK Imaging from this website: click here
(stoik.com/hobby/colorbynumber.htm) The program costs about $20. There are other programs out there, and possibly cheaper ones, but this is what we used. This program will turn any picture into a paint-by-number picture. There are many pictures of Christ that would work, just "Google" search and find a picture that you think your group would like to paint. When you enter the picture into the Color by Number program, you will have an option of choosing how many colors and of what brand you would like. On our picture, we used “Bruynzeel Design Fullcolor”
brand, with only 4 colors. The colors the program chose were all shades of grayish-brown, but when painting we used three shades of brown: Light brown, dark brown, black, and blank canvas (or white). Once you have the picture you like, print the color by number picture. Then you can use an overhead projector to blow it up onto a sheet of canvas and draw it. We then cut the picture in half (hamburger cut, not hotdog cut), and put both halves on frames so that they could be fastened together later. After getting the paint and brushes, we were ready to paint. I would recommend printing up a smaller scale of the paint-by-number model and then using colored pencils or markers to color it, just to make sure you know what to expect. Here is the order of the evening:
Tonight we’re going to be talking about God’s plan in our lives. Did you know that God has placed you right where you are for a reason? Did you know that you are exactly who God created you to be? Some people I know have actually been angry with God because they weren’t created pretty enough or smart enough or because there was something else wrong with them. Or they were mad at God because their family didn’t make as much money as some of the other families they know. But have you ever thought about how much God knows and how powerful God is? Is it possible that God has you where you are for a reason? Right now take a second and think about your life. Think about who you are. Think about where you go to school and where you live. Think about where you go to church. Why is it that God has put you here? We’re going to sit in silence for a couple minutes. Use this time to ask God why He has put you where you are. Spend some of this time to thank God for knowing His plans.
Transitional Statement (after silence):
I am so glad that God has made me like I am. But I’m even gladder that not everyone else is like me. If this world had nothing but people just like me, I’d want to leave right now. Isn’t it great how God has made us all different? The Bible says that we’re all different for a reason. 1 Corinthians 12:12-17
“The body is a unit, though it is made up of many parts; and though all its parts are many, they form one body. So it is with Christ. For we were all baptized by one Spirit into one body—whether Jews or Greeks, slave or free—and we were all given the one Spirit to drink.
Now the body is not made up of one part but of many. If the foot should say, ‘Because I am not a hand, I do not belong to the body,’ it would not for that reason cease to be part of the body. And if the ear should say, ‘Because I am not an eye, I do not belong to the body,’ it would not for that reason cease to be part of the body. If the whole body were an eye, where would the sense of hearing be? If the whole body were an ear, where would the sense of smell be?”
This says that just like our body is made up of different parts, so is the body of Christ. We are all different because we all make up the church. With all our different strengths and weaknesses, we can change this world.
We are now going to spend some time in worship. There are two paintings in the back of the room. They are split up into sections with a number on them. You’ll see there are three different paints with numbers on them. You’ll take a brush with paint on it and paint a section of one of the paintings that has the same number on it. Be sure to stay in the lines. It’s very important. And while you paint your section, think about the brush stroke of your life. If this world is one huge painting, what does your brush stroke look like? We’re going to spend some time singing right now. Stay with your small group, and we’ll dismiss you by group to go paint.
Painting the Picture:
In order to “disguise” the finished product of the painting, we cut the painting in half. The top half of the picture (Jesus’ eyes and forehead) was turned sideways so it looked more like a colon (:). The other half was turned upside down so Jesus chin now looked like a hill. We set the two paintings on large round tables, and placed the paint between them. The paint cans and the brushes were all numbered. There were at least two adult volunteers at each of the two tables, making sure students were painting the right sections the right colors. We also had one or two of the leaders painting in some of the more difficult or critical sections (such as the pupils of the eyes, etc.).
The closer the paintings get to being finished, the fewer students there should be around them. Let the volunteers finish up the rest of the paintings, “cleaning them up” a bit. This can happen at the beginning of the wrap up discussion. This last phase is critical. The volunteers helping can also spread out and even lighten some of the paint that may be too thick to dry. The goal is to make the painting look as much like the original as possible.
During the wrap-up, the two paintings are going to be brought up and joined together in front of the students. Some of them might have guessed, but the majority of the students will be in awe. We knew exactly what was going to happen and what it was going to look like, and we were still surprised.
While the students are painting the picture and the rest are singing worship songs, it’s a good idea to interrupt worship periodically with questions the students can reflect on. You may even ask the same questions you asked in the opening statement:
- Why has God put you where you are?
- What are your strengths and weaknesses? Have you thanked God for your strengths?
- How can God use you in the youth group?
- How can God use you in your school?
Isn’t it amazing that God has given us an opportunity to be used by Him in this world? I love that we are all part of this body of Christ. When I look at God and at how great He is, I am amazed that He chooses to use me. Sometimes I feel so insignificant. I look at my life and really ask, “God, why can’t I see what you’re doing?” It seems as if my life is just a brushstroke. I am insignificant. But listen to what Paul says in 1 Cor. 12:21-25
“The eye cannot say to the hand, ‘I don’t need you!’ And the head cannot say to the feet, ‘I don’t need you!’ On the contrary, those parts of the body that seem to be weaker are indispensable”—this means that we need them, we can’t throw them away—“and the parts that we think are less honorable we treat with special honor. And the parts that are unpresentable are treated with special modesty, while our presentable parts need no special treatment. But God has combined the members of the body and has given greater honor to the parts that lacked it, so that there should be no division in the body, but that its parts should have equal concern for each other.”
But for me, sometimes it’s hard for me to see that I’m useful. And I know people that look at junior highers (or high schoolers) and say that they’re too young to be used by God. Do you truly believe that you are significant? Do you believe that you really are this “indispensable” piece of the body of Christ?
Let’s look at one of those paintings. (At this point one volunteer brings up the bottom half of the picture. Chances are, the students won’t recognize what the picture is of.)
A lot of you have put a brush stroke on this canvas. Maybe you’re looking up at this picture and you can actually see the part that you painted. But so what? Why would it be so important for you to do your part? Why is it so important that I’m a part of this body of Christ?
(And now, when you start reading this next passage of Scripture, the volunteer will bring up the other half of the picture and attach it to the bottom when the word “arranged” is read.)
But remember, God has put us where He wants us. Here’s what Paul says: “If the whole body were an ear, where would the sense of smell be?” Do you remember this part? But then he says, “But in fact God has arranged
the parts in the body, every one of them, just as he wanted them to be.”
(Now is a time for a brief pause in everything while the students realize that they have all together painted a picture of Christ.)
You see, we can’t see the main picture. All we have is this little brush, this little section of a great big painting. But even though we can’t see the whole picture sometimes, it doesn’t mean that God can’t use us. In fact, our brushstroke is
significant. God wants
to use us. Every single person who stroked a brush across this canvas just added a piece. Is there any brush stroke that was more important than the others? Of course not! We are all
significant. God wants to use all
of us. No matter where you are in this world, no matter what your strengths or your weaknesses are, God can and will use you. Don’t give up on that.
A Letter of Encouragement:
This seems like it’s a lot of work. But in reality it isn’t too bad. It took about a day to get the picture just like we wanted it on the Color By Number program, and then another day to trace the picture onto canvas, build the frames, and color a sample. The effect of the painting coming together and all of the “oohs” and “ahhs” was amazing. The room went absolutely silent after the initial gasps. Now we display the picture every week, and the students remember that they are a part of something great.
Written by Matt Furby | <urn:uuid:2a58e0ca-f56e-4975-a1ed-df9c12ed2345> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thesource4ym.com/outreach/topic.aspx?ID=136 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00172-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971695 | 2,646 | 2.453125 | 2 |
The first complete new translation for 25 years of the acknowledged masterpiece of Japanese literature. Lady Murasaki's great 11th century novel is a beautifully crafted story of love, betrayal and death at the Imperial Court. At the core of this epic is Prince Genji, the son of an emperor, whose passionate character, love affairs and shifting political fortunes, offer an equisite glimpse of the golden age of Japan. Royal Tyler's superb new translation is scrupulously true to the Japanese original but appeals immeadiately to the modern reader. This edition also includes notes, glossaries, character lists and a chronology to enable the reader to appreciate the richness of this classic of world literature. | <urn:uuid:7766539a-58fd-4a50-a4f5-577f6f4d8a17> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.penguin.co.uk/books/62239/the-tale-of-genji-by-murasaki-shikibu-trans-royall-tyler/9780142437148 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.912785 | 139 | 1.773438 | 2 |
“Because the history of evolution is that life escapes all barriers. Life breaks free. Life expands to new territories. Painfully, perhaps even dangerously. But life finds a way.”
Ian Malcolm in Jurassic Park – Michael Crichton
The little girl has a mop of curly brown hair with blond highlights, a colorful but warm shirt, dark blue jeans and white sneakers. She looks like a four- or five-year-old ready for an outdoor romp.
And she is outdoors, on all fours, as if ready to play at being a little curly-haired terrier, or maybe a slower-moving turtle.
Except . . . stretched out and propped up around her are other curls, curls of razor wire, through which she is being guided by a man who might be her dad, or perhaps a perfect stranger.
She is crossing the Serbian/Hungarian border.
She is a refugee.
Many who are striving to cross Hungary’s razor-wire border are fleeing the violence in Syria and Iraq. Others are fleeing some other dangerous environment due to ethnic/religious conflict, or simply seeking food, or just a better economic future.
What is clear is that this little child, on all fours, should be playing at being a puppy, or a turtle, or whatever her imagination invents. She shouldn’t be crawling under razor wire.
That’s the easy part. I doubt that many of us will look at this picture and say, “She deserves what she’s getting,” or “If her parents had been more responsible, this wouldn’t have happened,” or “She’s probably a drug smuggler, or a murderer.” If we see the photo, we’ll be troubled.
We might want to condemn the Hungarians for creating the landscape in which this event unfolds. But that may would be more than little unfair . . . and hypocritical.
Hungary is on the frontline of illegal immigration into the European Union right now. It seems clear that most of those flowing illegally across her borders don’t want to be in Hungary. They want to be in the more well-do-to countries of the EU. But they have to pass through Hungary first.
And Hungary’s “job,” both in terms national and EU policy, is to stop the travelers, preferably outside her own borders, but certainly before they get any farther.
Think of Hungary as the European equivalent of New Mexico, Arizona, Texas and California, where we, too, have coils of wire and much, much more to deter those fleeing whatever and seeking life within our borders.
Countries have sought to control immigration, to draw distinctions between citizens and noncitizens, welcome visitors and unwelcome interlopers, for as long as there have been countries. Human beings have been doing it even longer (think of the primordial distinctions of family and tribe). There are security issues here, both in terms of protection against physical assault and against economic privation. It is exceedingly hard to argue that the practice has no basis in reason and no place in a country’s policies.
Reason, if it will be worthy of the name, also must confront reality. There are laws of nature, one might say laws of physics, at work in immigration. Where there is great abundance in one place, and great deficiency in another, there will be a natural flow of people from the latter to the former and, over time, a natural flow of the former to the latter.
The flow can be restricted, perhaps even stopped, by creating barriers high enough that the abundance is held in and the seekers kept out.
But just like New Orleans, whose tragic destruction when the levees failed 10 years ago teaches more lessons than we can count, even high barriers can fail . . . will fail . . . under a sufficiently determined onslaught.
Whether we are dealing with illegal immigration or, more proximate to many of us, tensions arising over wealth and poverty in our own cities, reason urges a two-fold strategy. Impose barriers, of course. But also invest in raising the level of those who are distressed, so that the barriers are less necessary, the need to emigrate less urgent.
Because, in the end, that little child will get through. Against all odds, those fighting for life, or a better life, will keep fighting. Stopping them entirely will compel us to do things we won’t want to confess we have done. And even when we think we have prevailed, life still will find a way. | <urn:uuid:3e78ce8b-ea3c-427c-ac12-d497463b9240> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://drscottpaine.com/2015/08/31/refugees-on-the-borders-life-finds-a-way/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00559-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961663 | 954 | 2.046875 | 2 |
.- In his daily homily, Pope Francis reflected on the moment of our death, remarking on the beauty of dying in unity with the Church and inviting the faithful to reflect on what legacy they will leave behind.
“Trusting God begins now, in the small things in life, but also in great problems: always trusting the Lord! And so one makes this habit of trusting in the Lord and hope grows. To die at home, to die in hope,” the Pope said in his Feb. 6 daily Mass.
Using the scene of David's death in the first reading, taken from the First Book of Samuel, Pope Francis highlighted how the king spent his life in the service of his people, and that when he dies, he does so “within his people.”
Although David calls himself a “sinner,” the pontiff noted that “he never left the People of God,” saying that he was a “sinner yes,” but a “traitor no!”
The Pope emphasized that “this is a grace: to remain until the end in the People of God. To have the grace to die within the Church, precisely within the People of God.”
Touching on three points, the Pope said that the first is “for us to ask for the grace to die at home. To die at home, in the Church,” adding that “this is a grace! This cannot be purchased!”
Dying “at home, in the Church” is a gift that we should ask for, the pontiff observed, saying that “all of us are!” are sinners, “But traitors no! Corrupt no!”
Picturing the Church as a mother, the Pope emphasized that although we are “many times dirty,” the Church “cleans us: she is mother!”
Recalling how David dies in a “quiet, peaceful, serene” way with the certainty of going “on the other side with his fathers,” the pontiff noted that a second grace we receive is to die in hope, knowing that “on the other side” our home and our family continues, and that we are not alone.
“And this is” also “a grace that we should request” he continued, “because in the last moments of life” we know that it’s a struggle, “and the spirit of evil wants the loot.”
Calling to mind how Saint Therese of Liseaux experienced a voice in the final moments of her life telling her “don't be foolish waiting in the dark. You expect only the darkness of nothing!” the Pope noted that “the voice of the devil, of the demon…did not want her to trust God.”
Observing that to “die in hope and to die relying on God” is a grace we should ask for, the pontiff emphasized that “trusting God begins now, in the small things in life, but also in great problems.”
Turning his thoughts to David’s heritage of “40 years of government,” and of a people “consolidated” and “strong,” the Pope recalled a proverb which states that every man should leave behind a child, plant a tree, and write a book, saying that “this is the best heritage!”
He then asked those present, “What legacy have I left to those who come after me? A legacy of life? Have I done so much good that people want me as a father or mother? Have I planted a tree? Have I given my life, wisdom? Have I written a book?”
“This is the legacy,” said the Pope, “and our testimony as Christians left to the others,” highlighting also that some of us, “the Saints” who “have lived the Gospel with such force,” leave a “great legacy” behind.
Concluding his reflections, the pontiff repeated that “the three things that come to my heart from reading this passage on the death of David” are “to ask for the grace to die at home, in the Church; to ask for the grace to die in hope, with hope; to ask for the grace of leaving a beautiful legacy, a human legacy, a legacy made with the testimony of our Christian life.”
Invoking the intercession of the kind, the pontiff prayed that “Saint David grant us all these three graces!” | <urn:uuid:16145690-87bf-4b92-8975-db7cd2f74ae9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/pope-urges-faithful-to-pray-for-the-grace-of-dying-in-hope/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00154-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967991 | 984 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Business intelligence (BI), which includes OLAP, data warehouses and data marts, and data mining, is an area of significant ongoing growth. A common thread in BI technologies is that they fundamentally deal with time history and involve logic based on time. For example, a typical data warehouse stores sales information that a company reports according to time periods; the basic sales data may have a history of revisions. BiTemporal database designs enhance BI technologies by providing a general framework for temporal data.
BiTemporal database design is a vastly underutilized technology with widespread applicability. Most databases have, or could benefit from, significant temporal content and logic. Applications that could benefit from BiTemporal design might include information about retailing, reservations, prices, discount rates, interest rates, production scheduling, inventories, clinical medicine, and a host of others. BiTemporal technology provides a formal framework that lets you add time to your databases. In this article, I explore some concepts and examples. Implementation details and other enhancements and subtleties will follow in future articles.
The major idea of BiTemporal design is keeping track of two "flavors" of time: ValidTime and TransactionTime. Some key definitions are
As you'll see in the examples that follow, an essential concept of BiTemporal database design is that you never physically delete rows that contain your history. You logically delete rows by ending their TransactionTime period-of-belief. You add rows and logically delete rows, but never physically delete rows. Growth of table size can be a problem, but you can efficiently manage storage by partitioning tables based on history and by archiving historical data.
Adding BiTemporal Functionality to a Non-temporal Table
Let's look at the example price table that Figure 1 shows. This type of table is sometimes called a snapshot table because there is no time data or logic involved. It represents the price data at the current instant of time with nothing included about history or changes. When you execute an INSERT or an UPDATE, it takes immediate effect, and the old data is lost after an update.
Now consider the equivalent BiTemporal price table, which Figure 2 shows. To the original price column, we logically associate four additional columns of the data type datetime. ValidTime is the period from VT_Begin until VT_End, and TransactionTime is the period from TT_Start until TT_Stop.
So how do you read this table? The first row was input into the database on November 15 (TT_Start), and we intend to believe this row until "FOREVER." SQL Server 2005 and 2000 represent FOREVER as the maximum allowable datetime value of 23:59:59.997 December 31, 9999. (For background about the length of time measured in SQL Server, see the sidebar, "What Day Is It?") The first row stores the price for SKU 101 that's valid for the ValidTime period from December 1 through December 25.
The second row says that on November 17, we input a price for SKU 102 that's valid from December 1 until and including December 25. And we intend to believe this row until FOREVER as our best information about prices valid for December 1 through 25 for this SKU.
November fades away and December rolls around. Our database is now using the prices that had ValidTime periods beginning on December 1. But on December 4, we see we're getting lots of orders, so we decide to increase the price for SKU 102 to $21.95. In fact, we're going to make the price increase retroactive back to December 1. Now the BiTemporal price table looks like Figure 3.
What did we do there? We added the third row that stores the new price for SKU 102 that is valid for the period from Decem-ber 1 through De-cember 25. We input the third row on December 4 and intend to believe it until "FOREVER." But notice what happened in row 2. The TransactionTime period ends at a TT_Stop of December 4. We read row 2 to say that we "believed" the December 1 to 25 price in row 2 for SKU 102 only for the TransactionTime period of November 17 through December 4.
Note that we didn't delete the old version of the SKU 102 price for December 1 to 25 in row 2. Instead, we logically deleted it by setting TT_Stop to December 4. After December 4 on the wall calendar, we "believe" only the rows that have TT_Stop values of FOREVER.
Our First BiTemporal Query
Say that, after December 4 on the wall calendar, we're generating some invoices. Specifically, on December 5, let's generate an invoice for SKU 102, using the price that was valid on December 2. We find all rows for SKU 102 where the ValidTime period spans December 2 (rows 2 and 3 in Figure 3). However, the price table has only one row such that we believe it on December 5: row 3, which has the TT_STOP value FOREVER. Row 3 contains the valid price for SKU 102; row 2 now represents only history.
Changes for a Longer ValidTime Period
On December 6, say we make a decision to set a new price for SKU 102 that our application will use for all orders throughout the entire month of December. In a similar fashion to what we did before, we logically delete row 3 by setting its TT_Stop value to December 6. We input the new $18.99 price into rows 4 and 5, as Figure 4 shows. Row 4 is a BiTemporal UPDATE of the pre-existing December 1 to 25 ValidTime period in row 3. Row 5 is a BiTemporal INSERT of the new ValidTime period, December 26 to 31.
Notice that these last two rows could be combined into just one row with a ValidTime period of December 1 through Decem-ber 31. The convention in BiTemporal design is to update only the pre-existing De-cember 1 to 25 ValidTime period and to separately insert the December 26 to 31 extension for the longer ValidTime period. This way, we can track our thought processes and definitively account for every price change that's ever been made in the table.
BiTemporal INSERTs, DELETEs, and UPDATEs require up to several dozen lines of T-SQL to implement the needed logic; typically, they're stored procedures. We refer to BiTemporal INSERTs, DELETEs, and UPDATEs as BiTemporal modifications.
Keys in BiTemporal
Usually, the SKU would be a good candidate for primary key. However, in a BiTemporal table such as the one in Figure 4, SKU is no longer a unique identifier. The table contains multiple rows that have the same SKU, 102. To get a unique key, we need to combine some of the BiTemporal columns (say, all except TT_Stop) with the SKU to form a composite key. Alternatively, you might prefer to use a surrogate key for performance and simplicity. For examples of when you might use a surrogate key, see Michelle Poolet's February 2002 Solutions by Design column, "Surrogate Key vs. Natural Key," InstantDoc ID 23449.
Changes for Only Part of a ValidTime Period
Now suppose that on December 8, we decide to lower the price for SKU 101 for the ValidTime period of December 1 through 20 because we're overstocked with this item. Our sales terms are such that we'll retroactively give customers the lower price when we generate invoices at the end of the month. We do a BiTemporal UPDATE for SKU 101 for the ValidTime period of December 1 through 20. The table now looks like Figure 5.
As we perform this BiTemporal modification on December 8, we logically delete the first row by setting TT_Stop to December 8. We add the last two rows, 6 and 7, as Figure 5 shows. Row 6 inserts the new price for the newly specified ValidTime period of December 1 to 20. Row 7 preserves the old price for the December 21-to-25 part of the original row 1 ValidTime period that wasn't changed. In our table now, the first three rows represent only history because TT_STOP is no longer set to FOREVER. These three rows could be partitioned to separate storage. The last four rows represent what we now "believe" about prices for SKUs 101 and 102 in December.
You've worked hard to follow the logic to this point. This is a good place to stop and make certain you're comfortable with the BiTemporal concepts in these examples. For a review, try to read the meaning of the rows in the latest version of the example table in Figure 5.
Till the End of Time
BiTemporal design can have broad application, as you can imagine from the simple examples I've shown here. To transform a particular column, as in this price example, into its BiTemporal equivalent requires adding four more columns and retaining rows for all the changes you make. BiTemporal design is worth undertaking because it can provide a solid framework to handle temporal logic. Now that you've seen how a BiTemporal table evolves and how BiTemporal modification queries work, you can start considering this technique for your own databases. If you're interested in more information about BiTemporal design, see the sidebar "BiTemporal Through Time." | <urn:uuid:8f7fbcd3-94c6-404d-a8e4-6246e8635f01> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://sqlmag.com/print/business-intelligence/bitemporal-design-time-after-time | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00394-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938115 | 1,965 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Caitlin Doyle is a poet whose recent honors include the Amy Award in Poetry through Poets & Writers Magazine, a Tennessee Williams Scholarship in poetry through the Sewanee Writers Conference, the 2012 ALSCW Fellowship (Association of Literary Scholars, Critics, and Writers) to the Vermont Studio Center and a Literary Grant in Poetry through the Elizabeth George Foundation. Her poetry has appeared or is forthcoming in several publications, including The Atlantic, The Threepenny Review, Boston Review, Black Warrior Review, Measure, Best New Poets 2009 and The Warwick Review. She also has a professional background in film and screenwriting, having written and directed short films shown at various festivals. Ms. Doyle is currently at work toward the completion of her first book-length poetry manuscript.
Your poetry, perhaps in contrast to the prevalence of free verse in contemporary poetry, has been recognized for its skillful use of formal elements like rhyme and meter. Besides the musical quality derived from rhyme and meter, are there other reasons why you find yourself drawn to formalism? What would you say to claims that either one of those approaches, free verse or formal poetry, is aesthetically superior to the other?
Yes, there are reasons beyond musicality that draw me toward the traditional technical elements of poetry. After all, rhyme and meter don’t have an inherently larger claim on the power to produce sonorous language than any of the other tools available to a poet. Poets writing both “formal poetry” and “free verse” have so many ways beyond metrical patterning and the pairing of rhyme-words to make a poem sing. Examples include alliteration, assonance, the rhythmical interplay of syntax and line-length, and the resonant blending of varied diction registers. I put the phrases “formal poetry” and “free verse” in quotation marks because, though they serve as terminology to make a general distinction between two kinds of aesthetic approaches, I share the belief of many poets that the terms lack sufficient nuance. The best “free verse” possesses formal limitations and guiding principles, just as the most gripping “formal poetry” contains freedom and innovation.
Making the claim that one aesthetic approach in poetry is inherently superior to another is like arguing that one instrument in an orchestra produces better music than all of the other instruments. To argue that, objectively speaking, a violin creates a greater sound than a viola or a cello is to leave out a key consideration: the subjective reality of who is playing the instrument and how he or she is doing it. Much like any structural feature of written language, such as syntax or meter, an instrument is an inanimate tool, possessing no intrinsic degree of value until somebody engages with it. What determines the quality of the music isn’t the instrument but the way that it is put to use in the hands of a specific individual.
There’s a quote by the poet Donald Hall that strikes me as providing an illuminating framework for this discussion: “The form of free verse is as binding and as liberating as the form of a rondeau.” A rondeau is a received poetic form with strict structural requirements that dictate the division of stanzas, the number of syllables per line, and the arrangement of rhymes, among other things. What I admire about this quote is that Hall doesn’t simply say “the form of free verse is as binding as the form of a rondeau.” In other words, he doesn’t just make the point that free verse possesses formal principles. He also ventures that free verse is “as liberating as the form of a rondeau,” which could seem like a surprising statement when one considers that a form as stringent as the rondeau does not appear, on the surface, to qualify as “liberating.” With this assertion, he acknowledges the sense of unrestricted license that can come from writing within tightly established boundaries, the freedom that can be found when one allows form to lead a poem’s content in unexpected directions. Essentially, Hall’s quote highlights the way that all good poetry, whether free verse or poetry that uses traditional formal elements, relies on the tension between limitation and liberation.
Your free verse is just as skilled as your formal work. I’m thinking particularly of your highly memorable “Self-Portrait With Monkeys” (The Threepenny Review) and your playful and haunting poem “If Siegfried And Roy Had Never Met” (Black Warrior Review). Do you find that your process and your thematic tendencies differ in relation to whether you’re writing free verse or formal poetry? As a second part of this question, can you talk about how you came to develop your attraction to formal verse in the context of today’s free-verse-dominant contemporary poetry world?
Whether I’m composing a free verse poem or a piece containing traditional formal elements, my process is very similar. My goal is to find a balance between artistic control and openness to the unknown, guiding the language toward my desired effects while also allowing the piece to take on its own agency. I love the way that structure and content can pull against each other with a tension that ends up taking both in unexpected directions, an experience that’s central to my working methods. I feel most successful as a poet when my final product is something I could not have foreseen yet still contains a sense of the core emotional impetus that first set my pen into motion.
When it comes to thematic tendencies in both my free verse and my work that possesses formal properties, I am frequently driven by subject matter surrounding the spaces left in human life by a wounding, a lack, a loss, or a sense of incompletion. Writing about such spaces in my own experience and in the lives of others, frequently the lives of well-known public figures, galvanizes my pen. I am interested in exploring the role of both lyric and narrative impulses in reaching toward filling those spaces.
To answer the second part of your question, I’ve never felt that there was a moment in which I consciously chose to possess an interest in the traditional formal features of poetry. As a writer, you are shaped by what you read, and as a human being, you mostly choose to read what attracts you, a process of selection that isn’t always explicable or definable. I’ve found that a writer’s aesthetic leanings are often as unaccountable as any other inclination in an individual’s life, springing as much from natural disposition as from other motivating factors. Why does someone choose the red bike in the shop instead of the yellow one? Why does someone listen to a certain radio channel in lieu of different options?
I’ve been drawn to the traditional formal elements of poetry since early childhood, having started out my reading life with rhyme-rich poets like Christina Rossetti, A.E. Housman, Edwin Arlington Robinson, and Edgar Allan Poe. I felt hypnotized by the way these writers used traditional formal elements to combine regularity and surprise, to create a dynamic interplay of repetition and variation, setting up my ear for expectations that sometimes met with fulfillment and other times met with unpredictable subversions. Of course, back then, I couldn’t have articulated such effects with absolute clarity, but I sensed their great power.
Your creative background includes work in film, with your short films having been shown in a variety of festivals. I am interested in the fact that you’ve taught poetry classes that incorporate aspects of film into the curriculum; most recently, as the Emerging Writer Resident at Penn State University, you taught a course that incorporated screenwriting and poetry. Can you talk about the experience of teaching the two genres together? Is there a particular piece of cinema that you find useful when it comes to teaching students about the role of imagery in poetry?
I relished the opportunity to design and teach a course focused specifically on poetry and screenwriting at Penn State because I’ve always felt that the two genres illuminate each other in a vivid manner. Since students tend to have much more experience with watching movies than with reading poems, I’ve discovered that using film as a doorway to poetry allows students to enter the rigors of finely tuned language in a way that feels exhilarating to them. Film provides a particularly strong resource when it comes to teaching students about the centrality of imagery in poetry, highlighting the way that poets often use images as their primary method of conveying meaning and evoking responses in the minds and hearts of readers. Ezra Pound’s notion of the image as “that which presents an intellectual and emotional complex in an instance of time” really comes alive for students when they watch a segment of film that creates its narrative, emotional, and tonal effects primarily through the accumulation and juxtaposition of carefully chosen images.
When it comes to identifying a piece of cinema that’s particularly useful as a lens through which to discuss the role of imagery in poetry, I find a brief three-image silent sequence in Fritz Lang’s 1931 film M to be very effective. Leading up to the segment, Lang spends the movie’s initial scenes building tension around the fact that a young child name Elsie has not come home at the regular time after school. The child’s mother grows increasingly nervous as the hours pass. We watch as Elsie, who has been walking down the street bouncing a ball, meets a strange man who complements her ball and buys her a balloon. Then the silent sequence begins, featuring the following three images in succession: a shot of an empty dinner plate on the table set by Elsie’s mother, a shot of Elsie’s ball rolling out of the bushes and slowing to a stop, and a shot of Elsie’s balloon, which has floated out of her hands, becoming ensnared in a power line.
I emphasize for poetry students the way that Lang doesn’t choose to directly show the stranger abducting the child but instead evokes that fact through a series of ominous and charged images that make the abduction all the more affecting for viewers. We ascertain through just a few haunting images both the narrative reality of what has happened and the emotional tenor of the event. I’ve found that students better understand the way that imagery functions in poetry after watching this excerpt from M.
Though I tend to view the ever-common “show-don’t-tell” Creative Writing dictum as overly limiting because many of the best poems tell as well as show, I do think the basic idea of “showing” rather than “telling” is an important one for beginning poets to assimilate. To that end, film provides a marvelous vehicle for helping a student grasp how to enact ideas, emotions, and experiences rather than explaining them.
There are a lot of debates about how to properly teach prosody, which is the study of versification (particularly of metrical structure). In fact, it is common today for most students of English and Creative Writing to go through their entire schooling without learning prosody. Can you talk a little bit about your own education in prosody and give some thoughts on how you think it might be most effectively taught?
None of my most memorable teachers of English or Creative Writing taught prosody with a handbook full of rules and metrical terms. The best teachers I had rarely said the words “trochee, “dactyl,” “catalexis,” or “amphribach.” Rather, they emphasized the power of rhyme, meter, and received forms by the direct act of exposing us to superlative poems that engage traditional formal elements. I ascertained way more about the skillful use of rhyme and meter by having to read, memorize, and recite Thomas Hardy poems for Derek Walcott’s class in graduate school than if I had taken a course that focused on versification terminology and scansion exercises.
Of course, I’m not suggesting that young poets shouldn’t learn how to scan poems and how to recognize and use the proper metrical terms. They certainly should take it upon themselves to do so, either by seeking out a class or mentor that can offer that kind of technical training or by learning the material in a self-taught way with the help of some good prosody guides (Alfred Corn’s “The Poem’s Heartbeat” is a particularly useful text in that regard). But I think that, when it comes to assimilating the principles of prosody, it’s ultimately more useful for students to focus on actual poems than on other forms of instruction. The approach of my best literature and writing teachers in high school, college, and beyond seemed to confirm what my own early reading experiences had suggested: the most effective and enjoyable way to gain an education in poetry’s craft components is to absorb them directly through immersion in the works of powerful poets.
In other words, if you want to develop the ability to engage poetry’s traditional formal heritage with skill, I think that your best bet is to learn from the inside out, through inhabiting the words of those with true formal mastery – letting the rhythms of their language enter your mind, heart, and body – rather than trying to learn from the outside in via instructional materials. The important thing is not that you can read Yeats’ Among Schoolchildren and say “he’s writing ottava rima stanzas, combining strict iambic pentameter with instances of significant metrical variation, and employing a mixture of enjambment and end-stopped lines.” What matters is that you can feel the effects of his technical decisions resonating in your core. What matters is that you can register in a visceral way how the poem’s formal features embody the tension between unity and disunity in human life – and that you can absorb from him a sense of how you might use traditional formal properties of poetic language to shape your readers’ sensory experience of a poem.
In American Creative Writers on Class, your poem “Paris,” which wonderfully considers Paris Hilton’s European codified first name pared with the commodification of her surname, seems to suggest that we all take a closer look at the issue of inheritance and privilege. In reference to class and poetry, what interests you or upsets you in the world of writing and teaching poetry?
When it comes to class issues in the world of poetry, what most occupies my attention these days is the financial situation surrounding adjunct professorship. A large number of emerging poets pay the bills by holding adjunct positions, usually teaching English Composition classes or Creative Writing courses. More often than not, these sorts of positions entail an over packed schedule, abysmal pay, zero health benefits, and the absence of a voice in university matters. It’s not uncommon for adjuncts to teach more than a full-time load, spread out at multiple campuses, and still barely earn a living wage. Considering that adjuncts in all fields comprise the majority of university faculty in this country, the lack of institutional respect offered to them, financial and otherwise, is an upsetting reality. In order to become competitive for tenure-track opportunities, emerging poets who work as adjuncts must garner notable magazine publications and produce books, yet their teaching and grading load is often so large that they can’t find the time and energy for creative production.
It distresses me to think of how many gifted writers in the emerging stages find themselves continually stunted by this system. Their status as members of an over worked and poorly compensated academic underclass results in an impoverishment of higher education and also potentially of the nation’s literature. I don’t mean to overdramatize the situation. Adjunct professorship is just one of many difficult financial circumstances impacting young people who choose to devote their lives to writing and it only pertains to those pursing an academic career track. Of course, it has been difficult for most writers throughout history to balance making creative work with paying the bills, and when it comes to the pursuit of artistic expression, many people have lived in far more limiting conditions than those faced by today’s typical emerging-writer-adjunct-professor. But nonetheless, given the large number of brilliant young writers currently holding adjunct positions, whether in the hope of long term tenure-track prospects or just because of an immediate need to cover living expenses, it’s hard not to feel that the circumstances of adjunct professorship comprise an important point of concern in the poetry world.
Thinking of T.S. Eliot’s famous quip, “Anxiety is the handmaiden of creativity,” what aspects of writing your first book of poems make you feel most anxious?
My answer to this question is related to your inquiry about class issues in the poetry world. What makes me most anxious as I shape my first book is the fact that, as far as job prospects in the literary realm, there’s a considerable amount of incentive for an emerging poet to put out a full-length collection as quickly as he or she can manage it. Having a published book is particularly important when it comes to finding a university teaching position that offers financial security and the chance of tenure-track advancement. As a result, young poets sometimes end up rushing out their first books in order to achieve a sense of professional stability, later regretting significant quantities of the work they included in their debut collections. It can be very self-limiting to subject artistic maturation to an artificial chronology.
I worry about the ways that the current structure of the professional market in the poetry world can hamper the gradual and laborious development of a poet’s particular set of gifts. What would have happened if Robert Frost or Wallace Stevens, who published their first books at thirty-nine and forty-three successively, had not allowed their work to progress at its own pace?
It’s important to me that I resist the often very compelling professional and financial temptations to publish one’s first book quickly. I feel it’s essential that I produce the collection according to my own internal timeline, respecting the fact that I’m not a particularly fast writer. Poems take shape slowly for me. What matters to me is not that the book comes out a year from now as opposed to three years down the line. The crucial thing is that I feel confident about the manuscript having reached its fullest fruition before I seek publication for it. Of course, it can be just as damaging to hold off on publishing a collection because of pressing one’s work up against unrealistic expectations, waiting until every poem meets some standard of unattainable perfection. There’s no such thing as an absolutely flawless book of poetry. So, for me, the goal is to find the balance between bringing the manuscript to as complete a realization as possible while also knowing when to say “it’s time to let go and release this into the world.” | <urn:uuid:f8042a5d-8f4b-41fc-a023-01ab80140636> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.identitytheory.com/caitlin-doyle-emerging-poet-interview/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00192-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958344 | 3,972 | 1.742188 | 2 |
March on Washington
United States history
March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom
March on Washington, in full March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, political demonstration held in Washington, D.C., in 1963 by civil rights leaders to protest racial discrimination and to show support for major civil rights legislation that was pending in Congress.
On August 28, 1963, an interracial assembly of more than 200,000 people gathered peaceably in the shadow of the Lincoln Memorial to demand equal justice for all citizens under the law. The crowd was uplifted by the emotional strength and prophetic quality of the address given by Martin Luther King, Jr., that came to be known as the “I Have ... (100 of 298 words) | <urn:uuid:e0eaa6ff-e59d-47f6-8666-5e6a3252f54a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.britannica.com/event/March-on-Washington | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00143-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959185 | 146 | 3.40625 | 3 |
Michigan Child Molesters
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Make your FREE search now, and find out how many of Michigan's Offenders are living close to your own home.
How many are in YOUR neighborhood in Michigan | <urn:uuid:fd26f63d-42fd-456a-8a05-a525813b43ef> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.michigansexoffenderlist.org/child-molesters | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718426.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00138-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933678 | 227 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Health secretary says cocaine trade causes ‘suffering, violence and exploitation at every stage’
Sajid Javid has said recreational drug users are fuelling an international criminal enterprise, as the government announced a £780m strategy to rebuild the drug treatment system.
The health secretary accused casual users of cocaine of being “the final link in a chain that has suffering, violence and exploitation at every stage”.
The government announced on Monday a funding boost for drug treatment services. Its 10-year drug strategy was published after a weekend of briefings focusing on targeting users and suppliers, including gangs behind the so-called county lines phenomenon, in which young, vulnerable people are often turned into cross-country mules.
In an article for the Guardian, Javid wrote: “People having a line of cocaine might not think they’re causing anyone harm, or that they’re playing a part in a criminal enterprise, but they’re actually the final link in a chain that has suffering, violence and exploitation at every stage.
“Behind every illicit drug is a human cost: the ‘county lines’ operations that increasingly involve young people, the human trafficking, and the use of ‘cuckooing’, where drug dealers target the most vulnerable and use their homes for criminal activity.”
Experts in drug rehabilitation have questioned the government’s decision to focus on so-called dinner party users of drugs and ignore the liberalisation of drug laws.
Steve Rolles, a senior policy analyst at the drug policy foundation Transform, said: “Middle-class cocaine users, who the government seems so obsessed with, in reality only represent a tiny fraction of total cocaine use, and they are not supplied by county lines – which is almost exclusively heroin and crack.
“The focus on middle-class users feels like an exercise in distraction and blame shifting from wider failures of government policy.”
Helen Clark, chair of the Global Commission on Drug Policy and a former prime minister of New Zealand, has questioned why the government’s strategy has ignored the legalisation and control of drugs. “For the most part, [the government’s strategy] doubles down on the rhetoric and policies of the failed war on drugs,” she said.
The largest drug and alcohol treatment providers in the country said the government’s £780m pledge is a “smoke-and-mirrors tactic” without a proper breakdown of where the cash will be allocated.
Nuno Albuquerque, head of treatment for the UK Addiction Treatment Group, said: “We’re still none the wiser as to exactly how this money will be spent. Recent figures show that last year, just over 2,000 addicts were funded into residential rehabs for intervention-style treatment, compared to over 5,000 who were funded into day treatment programmes in the community. Guess which one costs more money?
“Today’s announcement is a smoke-and-mirrors tactic until the full breakdown of the investment is revealed.”
Over the next three years, all local authorities will receive new money for treatment and recovery, with the 50 local authorities in greatest need receiving this first, health officials said. They said £530m had been allocated to increasing and improving treatment services, but could not provide a full breakdown explaining where the £780m would be spent.
The Home Office said there were 300,000 heroin and crack addicts in England who were responsible for nearly half of acquisitive crime, including burglary and robbery, while drugs were a factor in nearly half of all homicides. The total cost to society is estimated at nearly £20bn a year.
The government promised to increase the number of treatment services; improve offender drug treatment across the Prisons and Probation Service in England and Wales to get more offenders engaged in treatment; and increase housing support and access to treatment for those at risk of sleeping rough.
Ministers have also promised to roll out individual employment support across all local authorities in England by 2025.
Dame Carol Black, whose independent review of the issue of drugs helped shape the new strategy, will monitor any progress, the government said. She welcomed the cash injection. “The investment to improve housing support and employment opportunities is just as critical, because people need hope, purpose and practical steps to help them achieve a better future.
“This strategy comes with high expectations and I look forward to advising the central unit and relevant government departments to ensure there is a step change in treatment, recovery and prevention,” she said.
In a further development, the government is planning to introduce league tables so that the public can see which prisons have successfully taken prisoners off drugs. The announcement will be made on Tuesday as part of a package to tackle longstanding addiction problems in UK jails.
The prisons strategy white paper will say that prison governors will be given individual targets on the number of drug tests to be carried out. For the first time, the government plans to publish drug rehabilitation figures in a national league table.
Six new prisons will also have “airport-style” security as standard, including cutting-edge X-ray body scanners, biometric identification for visitors, and drug dogs and hand-held wands at prison gates, according to the paper.
Responding to the release of the white paper, Steve Reed, the new shadow justice secretary, said drug use among prisoners had soared in the last decade because the Conservatives had mismanaged prisons.
“Conservative incompetence, cuts to the whole justice system and a lack of oversight of contracted companies has left prisons understaffed, dangerous and overcrowded universities of crime where drug addiction is rife and reoffending is commonplace,” he said. | <urn:uuid:e3dcd262-8a2d-4ca3-b624-ea91df9a4cfd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/party-drug-users-fuelling-serious-182108897.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.957937 | 1,185 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Student Life & Academics
Here at JYK Discovery Charter School our first priority is Academics. We strive to provide your child with the highest rigorous instruction while following the Common Core Standards. Today’s students are preparing to enter a world in which colleges and businesses are demanding more than ever before. To ensure all students are ready for success after middle school, the Common Core State Standards establish clear, consistent guidelines for what every student should know and be able to do in Math and English Language Arts from Kindergarten through 8th grade. We look forward to you partnering with us to assure your child is getting the best instruction in school and at home. We are proud to say that we are Keeping Kids First By Any Means Necessary!!
Making history come alive
We teach the children history and give them the opportunity to see it come alive.
Technology in the classroom
Using the latest in technology for the classroom and to keep students up-to-date with the latest in STEM.
Taking students to see the world
The most well rounded students are the ones who have traveled. Through international relationships with schools abroad, we introduce students to various cultures and experiences. | <urn:uuid:bf0d8c12-db71-4f0e-a69a-af402d1f15c1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jykdiscoverycharterschool.com/student-life | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.947152 | 240 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Laurie F. Thomas
- Personal Homepage
- Publication period start
- Publication period end
- Number of co-authors
Number of publications with favourite co-authors
Most productive colleagues in number of publications
Harri-Augstein, Sheila, Thomas, Laurie F. (1984): Simulators which Invite Users into Learning Conversations. In: Shackel, Brian (eds.) INTERACT 84 - 1st IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction September 4-7, 1984, London, UK. pp. 785-793.
Shaw, Mildred G., Thomas, Laurie F. (1978): FOCUS on Education -- An Interactive Computer System for the Development and Analysis of R. In International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 10 (2) pp. 139-173. | <urn:uuid:c1dfe3f0-5ac2-4566-82f0-d301fb093f60> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/author/laurie-f-thomas | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00203-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.677937 | 170 | 1.632813 | 2 |
After more than five decades, cheetahs have been successfully bred in the Wilhelma Zoological and Botanical Gardens in Stuttgart. The quintuplets were born at the end of June as the first young animals in a specially converted facility, as the Wilhelma management announced on Thursday. After five weeks, they explored the outdoor enclosure.
Breeding put the Wilhelma team to a hard test of patience. Because the fastest land animals in the world have been kept in Stuttgart since 1967. "But there have never been offspring in the most diverse constellations," said Volker Grün, head of zoology at Wilhelma. "For a long time they were even considered unbreedable."
Declining Stock - Red List
The birth was "almost like winning the lottery", even if it was the result of a targeted change in animal husbandry. According to the Wilhelma team, they observed that in the case of cheetahs living in the wild, the cats, as loners, only come to the tomcats that appear in groups to mate. The zoo set up two enclosures on the site at separate locations - including in the converted former polar bear enclosure - so that the tomcat and cat could not constantly see, hear and smell each other. "Otherwise, breeding pairs develop a purely sibling relationship," the explanation said. This realization has now come to fruition.
With the experience gained, Wilhelma hopes to be able to better maintain the number of cheetahs. They are listed as Vulnerable on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List because of their declining population. With only around 7500 animals left, they are rarer than lions and leopards. | <urn:uuid:71036eef-af03-416c-a053-07d2c1bbeed3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dailynewsen.com/breaking/offspring-quintuplets-with-the-cheetahs-in-wilhelma-h60128.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.968568 | 355 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Take a look below for loads of fantastic things to do with kids in Norfolk for you to browse easily & quickly. If you know of any other great family days out not listed below, please get in contact
Things To Do & Days Out in Norfolk
Dinosaur Adventure Park Come face to face with giants of the past on our dinosaur trail. Discover their amazing world. Explore the Dinosaur Trail and Neanderthal Walk. Meet the animals in the Secret Animal Garden. Plus DINOMITE, 3 levels of indoor adventure play with terrific slides!
Bewilderwood A family day out where mums, dads and grandparents can play alongside their children, running, jumping, swinging and creating stories and treasured memories together, whatever the weather.
Pettitts Adventure Park There are rides for small children and families, children's theatre, animals and birds, and lots of animals to feed and pet. Good day out in Norfolk for young kids 7 and under.
Pleasure Beach Spread over nine acres, the Pleasure Beach offers huge family fun: full-throttle white knuckle rides to exhilarate and thrill, water attractions to catch your breath and fun rides to keep the children happy for hours. Some height restrictions.
Sea Life Centre Great Yarmouth brings you closer than you ever imagined to a breath taking world of underwater life. The Centre is home to more than 40 displays, including a 250,000 litre tropical Ocean Display where you can see our new arrivals: The Sea Stars exhibit!
Banham Zoo is a family attraction with over 2,000 animals from around the world. Daily Animal Feeding Talks, live indoor animal presentations, Birds of Prey Displays, subtropical house, Safari Roadtrain, indoor and outdoor play areas, Young Explorer’s Challenge and Education Centre.
Hunstanton Sea Life Sanctuary Hunstanton SEA LIFE Sanctuary brings you closer than you ever imagined to a breath taking world of underwater life. The Centre is home to more than 40 displays, including the tropical Ocean Display & Rainforest ranger experience.
Bishops Boats Seal Trips offer a boat trip out to see the Seals in their natural habitat, and Landing on Blakeney Point Bird Sanctuary. One of the many family places to go if you're looking for things to do in Norfolk with kids!
Thrigby Hall Wildlife Gardens has a large range of monkeys, birds, pandas, wild cats and other animals housed in the grounds of Thrigby Hall. Rather unique tree boardwalk viewing platforms.
Pensthorpe Natural Park Get closer to nature at Pensthorpe Natural Park - Explore the wildflower meadow, enjoy the natural beauty of our gardens, take a walk around the park, discover underwater wildlife, become a bug detective and run WILD in our extraordinary outdoor adventure play area WildRootz!. Voted Norfolk's Best Large...
Amazona Zoo is home to over 200 tropical animals including Jaguars, Monkeys, Snakes, Tapirs, Flamingos and other birds including a newly acquired Toucan. As well as extensive grounds it also has a large indoor soft play area for Under 12s!
Wroxham Barns An award winning Junior Farm with the undercover piggery and Piggy's Play Sty, an 18 hole mini adventure golf course and children's funfair, lots of hands on activities, feeding and grooming the animals. Don't miss the children's menu in the restaurant too. One of Norfolk's most...
Melsop Farm Park is a complete day out for all the family with a fantastic range of animals, we also have outdoor adventure facilities and a soft play indoor area with some ride on toys. We are also the home of Norfolk Reindeer!
Church Farm Stow Bardolph Farm fun for the whole family with lots of friendly farm animals, outdoor play area, straw play barn, giant undercover sandpit and ground level trampolines. Indoor plat area with new Under 5's area. Pedal tractors and tractor and trailer rides. Cafe with homemade cakes and lunches available.
Nelson Museum Avoid the rats and beware of the cannonfire in Below Decks, a recreation of a man-of-war. Try their hammock, play ship's games, examine cannons from Nelson's time or relax in the picnic area of the Maritime Courtyard.
Gressenhall Farm and Workhouse Enjoy a fascinating journey through the story of rural Norfolk. With a thrilling woodland adventure playground, a historic workhouse, traditional farm and many indoor displays, Gressenhall is the perfect setting for the perfect day out whatever the weather!
Green Britain Centre Unique windmill with internal viewing platform, educational and environmental displays and projects, organic gardens and orchard. Plus see the Greenbird: the world record holding, fastest wind powered vehicle on the planet.
Time and Tide offering permanent and temporary exhibit galleries all representing fascinating angles of local history, plus a charmingly recreated Victorian Row houses an explorable Fisherman's Cottage!
Trues Yard Museum Step back in time and discover King's Lynn's lost fishing community. Explore tiny cottages, smell the fish hanging in our Victorian smokehouse, and take a look at the Activity fishing smack as you learn about the lives of the fisherfolk.
The Mo Sheringham Museum A stunning museum telling Sheringham's fascinating history. We have a beautiful collection of boats and lifeboats. Our social history galleries include a historical street scene, an art gallery, exhibits about the history of the town, and a temporary exhibition gallery. Our tower offers 360 degree views...
The RAF Air Defence Radar Museum Tells the story of the development of Radar including how it was used during the Battle of Britain, the Cold War and is now used both in the UK and on deployed Operations. A place that all the family will enjoy, informative atmospheric visitor attraction with a hands on approach to it's exhibits.
City of Norwich Aviation Museum A great collection of aviation history with plenty to see both in and outdoors! For kids really into planes, remember to take a camera and sketchbook or notepad.
Walsingham Abbey Grounds and Museum Splendid grounds seasonally blanketed with snowdrops make for excellent family rambling, plus a hands on museum and a spooky old prison to explore.
Wroxham Miniature Worlds The UK's largest indoor modelling attraction with stunningly intricate scenes from around the world laid out in amazing detail. 10,000 sq ft of 'wow'! Under 5s would require assistance to view some sections.
Museum of the Broads The museum's unusual collections and educational displays explore the area's social and economic relationship with it's waterways, but beyond this there's also a real steam boat ride, kiddie quiz, explorer packs, trails, dress up, a play boat and accessible picnic area! A great all rounder...
Museum of Norwich at the Bridewell A museum dedicated to the story of Norwich and its people. A number of galleries, packed with collections and displays, many of which are interactive like the listening and smell stations!
Norfolk Tank Museum Learn about tanks, military equipment and vehicles in this hands on experience. You can climb aboard some of them and operate the controls! Accompanied children under 12 years can visit for free.
Splash Sheringham Tropical Leisure pool featuring 150 ft giant waterside and a cool wave machine! Children's paddling area and beach entry shallows plus indoor play for under 5s, gym and poolside cafe. Nice!
Victory Swim and Fitness Centre A 25m pool with 6 lanes and a varying depth of 1.0 to 1.8m offering family splash session with zoodles, floats, toys and balls, plus lessons and some great pool party options!
Marina Leisure Centre Facilities include a large swimming pool with wave machine, water chute and indoor beach. MCs diner is open all year serving all sorts of food. Mikki's Madhouse indoor play area is open weekends through the winter and everyday in the summer. The Piazza has monthly Wrestling events and a Summer Pantomime...
Waterworld and Breckland Leisure Centre Leisure waters and swim facilities with water slide, water toys and inflatables. Fully supervised.
Swimming at Alive Oasis 25m warm water swimming pool with separate toddler fun pool; whirlpool spa and a whopping 33m aqua slide! On same site ice skating and indoor play: you can't go wrong!
Elephant Playbarn A beautifully converted Norfolk flint barn full of all the soft play toys that children love; ball pools, bouncy castles and climbing frames, especially designed for children to slip, slide, bounce and generally have a lot of fun. Under 7s.
Planet Zoom Imaginative play facility offering the youngsters the chance to run amok in complete safety and security! With snake slides, activity towers, ball pools and loads more!
Playbarn Indoor and outdoor fun and equipment for under 7s, including climbing frame, ride on toys, reading areas, pony or tractor trailer rides, sit on diggers and ride on tractors. Cool!
Playland Is thoughtfully designed to allow children every opportunity to play, climb, tumble and explore at their own pace. For 2 to 11 year olds.
Brewers Fayre Broadland View Wacky Warehouse style "Fun Factory" indoor play centre attached to this large pub. Multi-levelled play centre which the kids running themselves ragged on. One of the many fun family places to go if you're looking for things to do in Norfolk with kids
Monsters Ltd Indoor Play Centre Multi level monster themed adventure play facility with terrific slides and loads of fun features, plus a particularly well equipped toddler zone and some additional amusements to spend your pocket money on.
MB's Funhouse Fantastic indoor play area which appeals to both children and their carers! We have a lovely comfy seating area for the Grownups, a full licensed bar, a great menu that is freshly cooked to order, large screen tv, and we are totally FREE to get in!
Megafun Play Centre Come and play on the 3 level adventure climbing frame which is alongside 6 full size bowling lanes for some tenpin fun too! Aptly named!
Stompers Play Centre is an indoor adventure play venue in North Norfolk, with 3 play zones for babies, toddlers and children up to 12 years old. We also serve healthy food and drinks and are an ideal venue for children’s parties.
Monkey Business Premium children's indoor activity centre offering multi level adventure soft play, physical and imaginative play. Fun at Burgh Castle that's completely free! Yes: really!
Farmer Freds Adventure Play Barn East Anglia's state of the art adventure play area, offering children from 0 to 12 years a unique 3D play experience, stimulating their imaginations and offering a tremendous cardiovascular workout!
Captain Willies Activity Centre Low level playing areas, ball pit and slides for younger children, and higher levels with rope swings, fast tunnel slide and climbing areas for bigger children. And all decorated with the adventures of Captain Willie and the Wash Monster! Yar!
The Fun Castle at Alive Oasis At the heart of the awesome four-storey play frame, mini adventurers will find an exhilarating 450 degree spiral slide surrounded by cargo nets, a ball cannon arena and a thrilling sky glide ride with splat landing pad! For under 10s.
Planet Zoom With cool snake slides, fun activity towers, colourful ball pools and more, their clean, safe and secure children's soft play zones provide the ultimate freedom for your young ones to exercise body and mind.
Hulabaloos Offering soft adventure play and laser blaster combat games indoors, plus high ropes assault course and outdoors playground too.
Jump for Joy Smashing multi level adventure play frame plus totally separate Toddler Castle. Features include climbing frames, slides, ball pool and bouncy castle plus a veritable fleet of Happy Hopperz for the smalls!
Castle Carvery Indoor and outdoor play areas with oodles of features including air cannon, climbing wall, mirror maze and spiral slide, plus light up target game in the ball pit!
Funkys An amazing adventure play area which stretches over 3 floors! Plus purpose built maple wood roller skating rink too.
The Base Soft Play Soft play area and other facilities for the under 6s and a farmyard area for the under 2s.
Grimes Graves Today visitors can don a hard hat and descend 9 metres (30 ft) by ladder into one excavated shaft, an unforgettable experience, the only Neolithic flint mine open to visitors in Britain.
The Muckleburgh Military Collection Norfolk's largest working military museum of tanks, guns and vehicles. Come and drive a tank and ride in a personnel carrier. Exhibits include, uniforms, models and operating radios. We have kennels for dogs too so they don't have to be left in cars.
Norwich Castle Museum and Art Gallery set in a Norman Castle, with multi media exhibits and classic galleries, atmospheric dungeons, and imaginative special exhibits, all of which make for a great family day out!
Blickling Hall Stunning stately home and grounds - the childhood home of Anne Boleyn. Nobody ever forgets their first sight of Blickling. The breath-taking red-brick mansion and ancient yew hedges sit at the heart of a magnificent garden and historic park in the beautiful Bure meadows.
Sandringham The Royal Family's home in Norfolk. Come and see where the Queen has her dinner and run around in her back garden. Take a look at the fascinating museum including the first Royal motor car, a fire engine and gifts presented to The Queen!
Somerleyton Home to a famous adventure playground, rowing boats in nearby Fritton Lake, indoor activities, a putting green, a variety of family sized nature trails, maze and seasonal opportunities for pony trekking.
Castle Acre Priory One of the largest and best preserved monastic sites in England. The Cluniac love of decoration is reflected in the extensive ruins. One of many fun family places to visit if you're looking for things to do in Norfolk with kids.
Castle Rising Castle A famous 12th century castle with enchanting grounds and great historical significance. Within the inner bailey can be found the remains of an early Norman Church. In good weather, kids roll down the grassy moat slope and catch grasshoppers (gently!).
Bircham Windmill Traditional rare working windmill with bakery attached, kids can climb up and explore inside the mill and bake their own bread, pet the farm animals after and then go on a little family bike ride.
Norwich Cathedral Welcoming families for worships or exploration, offering free guided tours with exciting tales of riot, war, plague and fire, with the Cathedral surviving everything thrown at it! Kids will especially enjoy the musical recitals and choir performances, plus following visitor trails.
The How Hill Trust A great educational resource centre offering plenty for the public too, including nature trails, Nature Tots programme and Electric Eel boat trips! Plus plenty of natural space to explore.
RNLI Lifeboat Station Cromer Pier Visit an active RNLI lifeboat station for a free look around and learn about the team and the vital work they do. Dressing up for the kids, plus flags and equipment to play with. Free to visit.
Holkham Hall A magnificent hall surrounded by parkland. Hire bikes, canoes and kayaks to discover the scenery, or there’s adventures in the trees with a children’s woodland play area. The Field to Fork exhibition brings farming to life in a fun way.
Norfolk Snowsports Club Awesome tubing slope for inflatable ring racing and great opportunities for juniors 8+ to take taster sessions in skiing and 10+ in snowboarding, plus lessons for the over 12s.
Funkys Roller Skating A purpose built maple wood roller skating rink and amazing adventure play area which stretches over 3 floors!
RetroSkate Dedicated skating venue with specialist coaching sessions and classes available, standard public sessions, roller discos, parent and toddler sessions and a roller tots rink where the little ones can practice in safety.
Roller Skating at Alive Oasis Now a roller skating rink ideal for classic family wobbles and whooshes, with other family activities elsewhere on site. Open throughout the summer.
Hilltop Outdoor Centre High, low, wet and dry activities for over 8s and their families! From the biggest swing you've ever seen to the the biggest jump you'll ever do: loads of active fun to choose from! Half and full days available.
Wells Beach Leisure offers a 7 acre lake with canoes and rowing boats, trampolines, bouncy castle with ball pool, crazy and target golf and a pool room with 3 tables. All this surrounds a lovely picnic area.
Open 12m high indoor climbing wall offering taster sessions and beginner equipment. Ideal for kids giving it a first go, plus they welcome climbers with any kind of disability, and offer trained staff and specialist equipment.
Highball Climbing Centre Features the largest bouldering walls in the region, plus extensive lead and top rope climbing. Taster sessions for kids of different ages include training games, friendly tuition and full equipment. Beginners over 4 years welcome!
Whitlingham Outdoor Education Centre A tremendous quantity of activities in and out of doors, in and out of water, plus holiday programmes and clubs too!
Eaton Park Pitch and Putt offering an 18 hole pitch and putt course to challenge your family's skills! Plus extensive adventure playground and loads of green space.
Sloughbottom Park BMX Track A large spacious park great for kite flying, ball games and playground fun, plus a 'world class' BMX Track to lay waste to!
High Altitude Trampoline Park is an indoor trampoline park. Bounce around on a huge bed of interconnected trampolines, dive and flip into the air bag, dodge, duck, dip, and dive during Dodgeball, and dunk some epic hoops on the bouncy dunkball area.
Bob Carter Centre A fairly wide range of pay and play activities, sports and classes including dancing, baton twirling, badminton, football, table tennis, squash, tai chi and boot camp!
Gravity Trampoline Park Trampoline Park in Norwich Riverside - opened in May 2016
Holt Woodland Archery Great outdoor Archery range - with lots of targets and objects to shoot at - fun for beginners and more experienced archers
Strikers Ten Pin Bowling - 6 full-size bowling lanes with computerised scoring, an amusement arcade and a bar with large screen TV. During the evening the lazer lights and music are turned up for an 'XTREME Glow in the dark' fun bowling party. A great place to go if you are looking for family days out in Norfolk.
Fakenham Superbowl offers 6 lanes of family friendly modern tenpin: kids love bowling especially if you use gutter guards to give them a decent chance of hitting something! Plus an awesome 3 level indoor play area too. Yay!
Strikes Ten pin bowling with plenty of kiddie friendly features and adventure soft play on same site in Planet Zoom.
Strikes Child friendly ten pin bowling with adventure soft play facility also on site.
Hollywood Bowl Norwich Packing 26 air conditioned lanes, private party room, amusement arcade and pool tables, we've got your rainy day saver right here!
Namco Funscape Norwich Tenpin bowling alley with plenty of lanes, plus Glow Bowl special effects sessions, arcade amusements and video games, pool and ping pong tables! Where's that pocket money stash?!
Wellington Bowl has state of the art lanes, each with the ability to deploy child friendly bumper bars to give the little ones a chance. Kids love bowling, and it's fun for grownups too! Amusements adjacent on pier.
Karttrak Cromer Be Lewis Hamilton (or Jenson Button) for the day at Cromer Karting - driving karts for ages 8 and upwards. Minimum height 4'6"/ 1.37cm.
Anglia Karting Centre Children have to be 8 years old and a minimum of 4ft 4 in height to qualify for driving. This is an outdoor circuit with an overall length of 1030 metres.
Guided Great Yarmouth Historical Walks Enjoy some fun family time together learning about Great Yarmouth’s amazing history and the people who lived and worked here, on one of our great range of historically themed guided heritage walks.
Cromer Treasure Trail As you follow the Trail route, can you and the kids hunt for the answers to the clues within Cromer to discover the location of the missing treasure?! Great for locals and visitors, this is one of over 50 Trails in Norfolk.
Walsingham Treasure Trail Explore Walsingham on this self-guided Treasure Trail. Hunt out the answers to the clues to find the long lost Treasure!
Curious About Norwich is a unique experience: two treasure hunt style walks of discovery to keep the whole family intrigued and amused. Keep the kids happy answering clues and matching pictures, whilst reading stories about this fabulous Norfolk city. Buy the booklet and explore in your own time.
Sheringham Treasure Trail As you explore Sheringham, crack the sneaky clues to discover whodunit on this self-guided mystery themed Treasure Trail.
The Poppy Line - North Norfolk Railway Heritage steam railway with magnificent views of coast and country as it runs from Sheringham to Holt. Children's activity coach at Sheringham Station. Children's "I Spy" challenge at William Marriott Railway Museum and play area at Holt Station. Refreshments at all stations.
Wells Harbour Railway is a 10 and a quarter guage railway, running approximately a mile from the Town and Harbour, to the Pinewoods Holiday Park, adjacent to the beautiful sandy beach, and pinewoods which are home to many rare birds.
Bressingham Steam Experience Explore one of Europe's leading steam collections, take a ride on Bressingham's famous Victorian 'Gallopers', journey over 5m of narrow-gauge steam railway, wander through beautiful gardens, or visit the only official "Dad's Army" exhibition in existence. Something for everyone at...
Bure Valley Railway offers an 18 mile round trip through picturesque countryside which is as varied, interesting and beautiful as any to be found on a railway journey in England.
Wells and Walsingham Light Railway Visit the longest 10 and a quarter inch narrow gauge steam railway in the world and see the unique Garratt locomotives "Norfolk Hero" and "Norfolk Heroine" which were especially built for this line. A great adventure for all the family in the delightful countryside of the North Norfolk coast.
Barton House Railway recreates a traditional railway atmosphere where the whole family can enjoy the nostalgia of the golden age of steam with two ride on railways, a fully working signalling system and authentic tickets.
Ashmanhaugh Light Railway Outdoor train rides behind a variety of steam, electric and petrol engined locomotives in our sit in coaches around our fully signalled and attractively landscaped circuits. Light refreshments including ice creams available. Sorry but dogs not allowed on site.
Sheringham Park 1,000 acres of varying habitat free to visit, including parkland, woodland, and clifftop. Famous for its vast collection of rhododendrons and azaleas, with towers to climb for great views, and miles of scenic countryside paths to follow.
Horsey Gap and River Trip With a rich wealth of natural wildlife this is an understated delight for all ages. Quiet and informal on a traditional broads boat, your friendly guide will expose you to natural delights previously only experienced in nature programmes, including close ups with seals and oodles of dragonflies!
Holt Country Park A Green Flag Awarded park and woodland full of pleasing plants and wildlife, alongside a new visitor centre which offers Ranger led activities during school holidays ideal for kids. Plus adventure playground and accessible trails.
The Plantation Garden Peaceful, quirky, fascinating. Features include Gothic style fountain, medieval style walls and superb creative planting. Woodland paths. One of many fun family places to visit if you're looking for things to do in Norwich with kids.
Norfolk Lavender Lavender specialists who also house rare breeds of animals and offer an enormous indoor play area plus adventure playground outside too.
Fairhaven Woodland and Water Garden 131 acres of beautiful ancient woodland and water gardens to take a rambling explore through. To make the most of it, take binoculars, camera and sketchbook. Or even some teddies to plant for the kids to find!
Eaton Park Great kids' play area, skate park, public access tennis courts and model boating pond, bowls, croquet, pitch and putt and new mum fitness classes. Plus oodles of well maintained space for all the classic family outdoor games!
High Lodge Thetford Forest Centre Offers loads of outdoor play equipment, a variety of family oriented trails and orienteering courses to keep you busy, plus high wires, giant animal sculptures and more!
Canoe the Broads A charmingly intimate way to explore some of the 200km of navigable Norfolk waterways. A tidy range of beginner friendly multi passenger vessels are a available at differing spots, including Bungay, Burgh St Peter, Geldeston, Hickling, Martham, Potter Heigham, Salhouse Broad, Sutton Staithe, Wayford Bridge...
Gooderstone Water Gardens & Nature Trail A restful place for a stroll, with waterways and ponds, several paths and trails to follow plus a bird hide to help you find the kingfisher, and a trout stream. Children under 16 can visit for free.
Snettisham Park A day trip fit for royalty (literally!) with Red Deer Safari, interactive working farm and a great new adventure playground, plus pedal tractors and track, grass sledging, sand quarry and visitor centre with tea room and terrace. Lovely!
Holkham Hall Woodland Play Area On top of the Hall itself to explore and regular events Holkham also offers a new and improved adventure playground with play structures, zip lines and new toddler zone with sandpit and swings, with more besides.
Holkham Beach Award winning 3 mile stretch of deep sand, great for traditional play and paddling. Part of a vast Nature Reserve which itself includes a children's play area, boating lake and bygone museum.
Sheringham Beach A recent Blue Flag award winner, this sand and shingle beach is a delight when you can see it, and the local town and features equally lovely when you can't.
Wells Next The Sea Beach Technically part of the Holkam Estate, this sandy beach is covered in shells and sea life. The tide comes in extremely fast, but there is an alarm to warn you.
Regal Movieplex is a multiscreen cinema in the middle of Cromer town centre, great for something to do when the weather is a bit grotty.
Odeon Norwich Great 18 screen cinema down by the Riverside in Norwich, showing the latest releases daily, with 3D and IMAX viewings. Special pocket money priced kids’ screenings on weekend mornings, and throughout the school holidays.
Norwich Puppet Theatre As well as hosting a variety of touring puppetry companies from Britain and overseas, featuring the best of British and international theatre of animation for all ages, we present an ongoing programme of craft based workshops for children with special sessions for adults.
Davenports Magic Kingdom is a time-travel tour through the history of magical entertainment. A 30-minute live magic show, magical demonstrations, costumed guides, fun photo opportunities and children’s activities all included in your admission, making this a truly interactive experience. New features: the Eye Wonder Optical...
Yarmouth Hippodrome Catch some amazing live circus performances, water show spectaculars and musical entertainment at Britain's only remaining Circus Building! Plus cool museum with Houdini Props too!
Sticky Earth Cafe Create treasured mementos or just have fun at Sticky Earth, a spacious, family run ceramic cafe where you can paint onto a wide range of pottery, after which we will glaze & fire your creation. Or, have a go at Decopatching, jewellery making, canvas & T shirt painting. Fun for all ages, no artistic talent...
Doodle Pots Ceramic Cafe A ceramic cafe where you can paint pottery, anything from a mug to a moneybox to a gecko! Its fun with stencils and sponge stamps to help or let your creative imagination run wild. Babyprints, mosaics, parties, commissions, fund-raising and we can come to you. Get Doodling!
Paint Me Ceramics Have fun in our spacious studio and choose from 100s of items of blank pottery to be glazed or painted in acrylics, including T-Shirt painting. Hand, footprints a speciality. Childrens birthday parties including free gift and mobile party service. Speedy collection and courier delivery service. Ideal gifts or...
Paint Pots is a ceramic cafe and craft shop for all the family. We do pottery painting, baby hand and footprints, t-shirt painting, decopatch, jewellery, children's birthday parties and refreshments.
Dotty Pottery - is a paint your own ceramic studio based at Hellesdon Barns. Create a unique gift or keepsake with Babies handprints and footprints. Paint your own piece of pottery and enjoy getting creative. Birthday Parties also available to book.
Merrivale Model Village Merrivale Model Village, one of Great Yarmouth's best-loved attractions, a fantastic model village set in an acre of floral landscaped gardens on the sea front. Crazy golf also on site.
Thursford Collection The world’s largest collection of steam engines and organs is delightfully combined with play facilities, silent movies, fairground rides and some spectacular Christmas events to make a truly memorable day out.
Joyland A huge toy town mountain incorporates the spook express kiddie coaster, jet cars andneptunes kingdom undersea fantasy ride, pirate ship, major obit, balloon wheel and skydiver!
Wizard Maze open July through September annually, a 12 acre maize maze awaits surrounded by pedal karts, kiddie quad bikes, jumping pillows, playground and other farmyard fun!
Willow Farm Riding School BHS approved training focussed facility offering lessons for all ages, BHS qualification training and a dedicated recognised Pony Club with associated events schedule.
Woodland Park Equestrian Centre All weather lessons for tots upwards plus country side hacking, led by friendly professionals. Also has a private swimming pool for an hour's swim with just the family. Bliss!
Quasar Norwich Painless bruiseless laser tag, the gentler way to get the thrills of shoot 'em ups in a live action role play setting. For over 7s.
Combat Paintball is a outdoor themed Laser Tag Experience with Tanks, Helicopters, Bunkers and Towers!
Pirates Cove Golf This 18 hole course is packed full of features to make your game enjoyable whether you are 6 years old or 86! The course is designed so that all ages and abilities can have fun.
Lost World Adventure Golf A stunning 9 hole, dinosaur themed mini-golf course, with Aztec waterfall and water features. Pan for gold and receive a souvenir medallion! Fully landscaped and illuminated at dusk.
BlackBeards Adventure Golf 18 hole course with pirate and Aztec themes, with little surprises and simple play for a great family tournament! Next to plenty of other fun too.
Congo Rapids Adventure Golf is a fantastic outdoor jungle themed 18 hole Adventure Golf course, full of obstacles, including a real plane, jeep, self propelled rafts, volcano, cave, waterfalls, lots of jungle animals and water. Located alongside a contemporary cafe style sports bar where children are also welcome.
Beeston Hills Putting Green A tricky little 18 hole course just minutes from the beach, which has quite a steep hill in the middle of it - well worth a visit. Great views of the sea and town
Stonehenge Mini Golf A quick game of mini golf is part of the modern beach day experience! This course is modelled around Stonehenge and provides simple holes for a fun family competition besides the seaside. Our moneys on mom!
Castaway Island Floating in the centre of the Golden Mile, keep your little pirates happy for a while on the Island with 18 holes of family friendly mini golf! Pleasingly simple challenges and nice atmosphere.
Wroxham Mini Golf A charming 18 hole course with fun tasteful hazards and landscaped challenges. Great for beginners through to wannabe pros and surrounded by other fun! | <urn:uuid:22d85b89-79e0-4bfe-bf11-4c515c61e204> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.dayoutwiththekids.co.uk/search.php?county=Norfolk | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00054-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.912398 | 6,829 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Inheriting Tradition, Creating an Era, Nurturing Knowledge
With its 55,000 students from around Japan and over 100 countries worldwide, WASEDA University is creating a new history.
As Waseda University marked its 125th anniversary on October 21, 2007, we made a resounding pledge that within the next 10 years, Waseda would elevate its status as a Japanese university to become a truly global university.
Today, as we confront problems on a worldwide scale, including the seemingly insoluble challenges of global warming and economic disparity, we are deeply concerned about the decline in Japan's clout in the international community. In these difficult times, it is especially important that universities, which have striven for the pursuit of truth and remained uninfluenced by power and authority or the imperatives of immediate gain, to play a vigorous role in opening a new era.
From the time of its foundation, Waseda University has stood upon the three pillars of mission: to uphold the “Independence of Learning,” to promote the “Practical Utilization of Knowledge,” and to “Create Good Citizenship.” We are now setting our sights at nothing less than a concrete vision of how we can most appropriately put these principles into practice in contemporary society.
Fostering the development of individuals who play an active role on the world stage
Since Waseda University accepted its first exchange students in 1893, we have developed deep ties with countries around the world, especially in Asia. At present, Waseda University has research and student exchange agreements with more than 600 overseas universities and educational research institutions. Waseda currently accepts nearly 4,000 foreign students and dispatches 1,700 Waseda students overseas, including exchanges made outside the University-wide Agreements. In 2010, we began a phased implementation of English-language Bachelor's and Master's degree programs in five undergraduate schools and six graduate schools. Further, a new graduate school, which will concentrate on communication in English, is scheduled to be established in 2012*. Additionally, Waseda has been promoting practical English-language instruction provided by native speaker instructors for small classes, and has expanded the University's double degree programs in cooperation with leading international institutions of higher education, thereby uplifting Waseda University to be a leading university in international exchange in Japan.
* Postponed to 2013.
These programs and systems are designed to provide students with both study-abroad experience and opportunities at home to work hard and hone their potentials by learning with foreign students whose cultural backgrounds vary in a wide range. In so doing, all students will be able to achieve a more international outlook, become empowered to speak out and negotiate on the international stage.
A variety of programs responding to the requirements of our times
In recent years, Waseda University has expanded its professional training facilities in its six professional schools and five independent graduate schools. We have also established three new joint graduate schools with three distinguished universities, including Tokyo Women's Medical University. These programs aim for a fusion of theory and practice as well as to develop new fields of research. The common thread, however, is to cultivate problem solving and planning abilities to deal with the problems posed by contemporary society. It is our hope that the fruits of research and educational methodologies will be incorporated into the education that is implemented in Waseda's graduate and undergraduate programs.
It will take a diversity of approaches which synthesize the ways of the natural and social sciences, as well as the liberal arts, to respond to the new challenges of a society in which technology has reached a sophisticated level of development and the interrelation of social structures has become increasingly complex. Since its founding, Waseda University has embodied the fusion of scholarly principle with practice. Our University has strong ties to universities, enterprises, and governments both at home and abroad, and is well suited to support the integration of these fields. But it is not necessary to create new undergraduate or graduate programs in order to respond to these new challenges. With its abundant academic and human resources, the organization of Waseda University is already more than prepared to address these needs. In light of this point of view, Waseda has been providing a wide range of both research and educational programs through a Research Council organization that coordinates laboratories across the University, enabling our students to take classes in advanced fields of the English language, mathematics, and writing for their basic education, in addition to health and other advanced areas of study. We also have a system in place to furnish our students with opportunities to gain practical experience through participation in business workshops, internships, volunteer work, and other activities.
Dynamism unleashed by diversity
Diversity is an important feature of Waseda University. In an academic setting that accords the highest respect to freedom and creativity, students with ranging backgrounds reciprocate intellectual inspiration among the University’s faculty and staff abounding in individuality, while building their own capabilities in research, education, culture, and sports. This is evident in over 560,000 Waseda alumni who are active in every field. The University offers scholarship support, dormitories, and a system designed to provide students a comprehensive support, such as with their physical and mental health. We continue to endeavor towards maintaining an environment for Waseda students who gather from both abroad and all regions in Japan to enjoy the distinctive features that the University has to offer.
All members of the Waseda University community, from faculty and staff, students to graduates, are at one with me on the aspiration to make our University a true citizen of an international society by sending out into the world individuals possessed of profound knowledge and a deep sense of humanity.
President Kaoru Kamata | <urn:uuid:a053cdd5-8236-454c-b2c1-697acbe8d453> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.uni.international.mext.go.jp/university_list/waseda/Message/Index/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00506-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963786 | 1,165 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Welcome to SPICE
Welcome to SPICE, an ancillary information system that provides scientists and engineers the capability to include space geometry and event data into mission design, science observation planning, and science data analysis software.
The principle components of the SPICE system are SPICE Toolkit software and SPICE data files—often called "kernels."
SPICE is used throughout NASA and within many other U.S. and international agencies for organizing, distributing, and accessing ancillary data associated with space science missions. The NAIF website contains the few important rules regarding using SPICE. Please take a moment to read these.
Using SPICE Toolkit Software
Your first step is to download a SPICE Toolkit package from the NAIF website if a current version is not already installed on your machine or available through some form of connected server. In addition to the Toolkit download package and installation script you will find several important documents.
The README file provides installation instructions.
The Description document
(dscriptn.txt) provides an
overview of the contents and organization
of the Toolkit.
The What's New
describes new and changed capabilities of this
Toolkit as regards
previous versions, and lists the supported
(environment = language/platform/OS/compiler) for
What Else is Needed
Use of the SPICE system requires (at a minimum) one of the following: a FORTRAN 77 compiler/linker, an ANSI C compiler/linker, an IDL installation, or a MATLAB installation, that is consistent with the components NAIF used in building the Toolkit you have downloaded. You'll also need a text editor—preferably one that is familiar to you and perhaps that is good for writing code. Familiarity with a debugger can also be helpful as you develop your application program. You will need to know how to build and execute a program on your computer.
Getting StartedNAIF provides a variety of aids to help you begin using SPICE. Make good use of these.
TutorialsNAIF offers a large set of tutorials, provided in viewgraph style. Individual tutorials, or the entire package, may be downloaded from the NAIF website. These tutorials are listed pretty much in the order a beginner might wish to follow. However we especially encourage a new SPICE user to look through "conventions" through "intro to toolkit," and also "common_problems" and "summary of key points." The new user should also look at other tutorials as appropriate to the task at hand; probably this would include "time" and "spk" at a minimum.
Programming ExamplesThree kinds of programming examples are available, each a little different. Each type is offered in all the languages supported by SPICE.
In addition to the training code described above, nearly every API (subroutine) contains one or more example code fragments showing samples of how that particular routine might be used in a typical problem. These examples are contained in the header of the module. The html versions of Toolkit documentation contain hyperlinks to these headers, or you may open the source code module in an editor or with a text display utility.
Finding the Appropriate Routine
The real programming power of SPICE derives from the extensive set of built in computations you need not re-invent. However, as the Toolkits contain hundreds of routines, reading all routine headers or API descriptions to determine the appropriate routine for a given task is not practical. In addition to numerous API references in the tutorials mentioned earlier, NAIF provides two products in each Toolkit to help you find an API that may meet your needs.
SPICE stores data in files that are often referred to as "kernels.'' A kernel may store data in either text (ASCII) or binary format. In order to access data within a kernel an application program must "load" the kernel using a SPICE API ("furnsh").
Excepting the important platform-specific differences mentioned below, any particular kernel may be used with any of the Toolkits.
text kernels consists of:
As for any text file, a SPICE text kernel contains operating
specific line terminators. Trying to use a non-native
style text kernel is
one of the most prevalent user errors. To
mitigate this problem somewhat the
CSPICE, Icy, and Mice Toolkits
include code that allows reading of
non-native text kernels.
Unfortunately this accommodation is not possible
FORTRAN Toolkits because the FORTRAN language does not allow
C-style line terminations. FORTRAN Toolkits contain
code that will issue a SPICE
error message whenever a non-native text
kernel load occurs.
The set of binary kernels consists of:
Binary kernels typically contain numeric and textual information. Hardware architecture (the CPU chip) determines the format of numeric binary data; the two formats used by computers supported by NAIF are called "big endian" and "little endian." Because kernels are frequently transferred between computers which may use incompatible binary architecture, SPICE software has been designed to read non-native binary kernels. (But not to write to a non-native binary kernel.)
One "loads" kernels to give the SPICE
system the information
find the data within the kernels.
The tutorial named "intro to kernels" quickly
describes the loading
process. The Kernel Required Reading document (kernel.req) provides a complete description.
Examples of loading kernels may be seen in the cookbook programs and
the "open book"
programming lessons previously mentioned.
unusual circumstances, kernels of all types need "loading"
in your program—do not embed the load statement in a loop.
Creating or Modifying Kernels
The majority of SPICE users will not need to create or modify kernels. But if you do need to do so you must do so carefully to avoid structural problems and to help ensure others will easily use the kernel. Careful testing of a kernel you create, and of the kernel production process for binary kernels, is essential!
Creating or Modifying Text KernelsBecause they are just text files, text kernels are created or modified with any text editor. Although the format of these files appears fairly easy to deduce, we recommend you consult the document kernel.req before you attempt to create or edit any text kernel for the first time. You should also review the tutorial created for the kind of text kernel with which you will be working.
Creating or Modifying Binary Kernels
Some SPICE users will want to create or modify binary kernels. This task requires a good understanding of the particular SPICE kernel type, and of the appropriate binary kernel writer API(s). You should be familiar with the tutorial discussing the kernel type of interest. NAIF recommends you also read the "Making an SPK" or the "Making a CK" tutorial, if relevant. You should also read appropriate portions of the "required reading" reference document pertinent to your task (spk.req, ck.req, pck.req or ek.req).
Annotating a New or Modified KernelWhenever you create or modify a kernel you have the responsibility to properly and thoroughly annotate that kernel so that users of it (including yourself) can understand why, when and how it was made. This annotation process is called adding comments (or adding meta-data). Both text and binary kernels can accommodate such comments. The tutorial named "introduction to kernels" provides some information about this.
Comments (metadata) are added to text kernels using any text editor, just as for making or modifying the data sections of the text kernel.
Comments (metadata) are normally added to, extracted from, or removed from a binary kernel using a Toolkit utility program named "commnt."
Selecting and Obtaining Kernels
Knowing which kernel, or set of kernels, to use in any particular task can be a challenge. Having kernel producers use a consistent and well thought out kernel naming methodology is a must. Having kernel producers provide high quality metadata with each kernel or kernel collection is equally important. Nevertheless, kernel selection is one of the most challenging aspect of using the SPICE system. (Probably the same challenge would exist no matter what kind of ancillary information system would be used.)
Often three classes of kernels are available:
Mission operations kernels are those produced before or while a spacecraft is operating, to support science observation planning, initial science data processing and analysis, and mission engineering functions. There are often many of these kernels. Those types that provide data as a function of time—especially SPK and CK—may have many overlaps in time. Some may be "predict" versions made for observation planning while others may be "reconstruction" versions made for science data processing. Selecting kernels from this class can be quite a challenge, especially if you are not a regular consumer of mission operations kernels.
Certainly for NASA planetary missions, and probably for missions operated by other agencies, mission archived kernels are usually your best bet—if there are already archived kernels covering the period of the mission of interest to you. A mission's archived kernels are usually better organized and documented, and often sets of "small" kernels covering short periods of time have been merged into more easily used "large" kernels covering a longer time span.
For JPL-managed missions the mission archived kernels often have associated "furnsh" kernels (meta-kernels) that logically aggregate the entire collection of kernels appropriate for a given time span or a given mission phase. Make use of these!
Be aware that for all but the shortest missions the archiving of SPICE data is usually done in increments, with a new batch of data added to the collection on a regular basis—typically every three or six months. The usual (preferred) NAIF methodology for archiving SPICE data is to create a single, "accumulating" SPICE dataset. Every few months the next batch of kernels is added to the existing dataset, with updates made to the dataset's metadata indicating the new (longer) time span covered by the whole collection.
Generic kernels are those that are not tied specifically to one mission; they are usually applicable to many missions, or could be useful independent of any mission. Examples of generic kernels are:
A majority of the generic kernels are produced by NAIF and made available from the generic kernels link on the Data webpage. But, as the use of SPICE spreads, other agencies may also offer generic kernels.
Since you probably won't produce your own kernels, you
obtain them from someplace—normally a project database
or project data
management team. Once a mission is complete the
kernels should be
available from a national data archive center. The
NAIF node of the
Planetary Data System is one such example (http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/data.html). | <urn:uuid:b26ba13c-f791-4e0a-9fe8-ffd876f01904> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/toolkit_docs/C/info/intrdctn.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00311-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.901402 | 2,275 | 2.75 | 3 |
Russian automotive research firm NAMI will take a 68 percent stake in Renault for a symbolic price of 1 ruble, according to Reuters news agency.
Founded more than a century ago, NAMI is Russia’s leading scientific organization in the field of automotive industry development. In the past, NAMI has been responsible for the design and production of many models, but perhaps the most famous is Russian President Vladimir Putin’s sedan called the Aurus Senate.
This transfer is one of the latest examples of the policy of controlling and “buying out” Western companies in the country at a bargain price in the context of a series of companies massively withdrawing from the market. Russian school.
The local news agency quoted Russian Trade Minister Denis Manturov as saying that Renault will still have a chance to regain control of AvtoVAZ in the next 5-6 years if desired; but not for 1 ruble. “If we invest money during this period, everything is included in the transfer costs. There is no such thing as a gift here,” said Mr. Manturov.
In addition to the share transfer, the Renault plant in Moscow, which produces both Renault and Nissan vehicles, will also be sold to the city government.
Renault started owning AvtoVAZ shares in 2008 with a quota of 25% worth more than USD 1 billion and then gradually increased ownership until full control in 2017. With such a large stake, Renault is the western brand with the largest engagement in Russia and recently announced that it would cease operations in the country under pressure from governments and the public alike.
To date, neither Renault nor the French government have commented on the above share transfer.
More than 750 companies have announced the suspension of their operations in Russia following the country’s military attack on Ukraine on February 24, leaving behind millions of dollars in assets.
French electrical appliance maker Schneider Electric announced on Wednesday (April 27) that it would sell its operations in Russia and Belarus to local management. At the same time, they signed a letter of intent with the designated buyers.
Another well-known example is French bank Societe Generale, which made a €3 billion profit on the sale of its subsidiary Rosbank to Interros Capital, an investment firm with ties to Russian oligarch Vladimir Potanin.
There are few examples of interest from foreign companies in taking over Russian companies.
Anheuser-Busch InBev is in talks to sell its stake in a Russian-Ukrainian joint venture to its Turkish counterpart, in a deal that could result in a $1.1 billion fee for the world’s largest brewer. .
British energy group Shell is reportedly in talks with several Chinese companies to sell its stake in a major Russian gas project. Shell declined to comment on the report.
In Vietnam, this brand has actually been present for more than 10 years through the distributor Auto Motors, but it “escaped” from Vietnam in 2017. By 2019, Renault has returned to the entity. new distributor, namely CT Wearnes Vietnam.
However, in October 2021, Renault decided to officially withdraw from the Vietnamese market and at the same time maintenance and repair services were not maintained. Accordingly, the dealer will support the buyback of Rebault cars from customers who no longer need them, or donate a fee if they continue to use the car. | <urn:uuid:032e5394-5636-465b-b159-bdfda7399830> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ngoc.blogtuan.info/2022/04/29/the-legendary-french-car-brand-returned-to-russian-hands-for-just-1-ruble/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.964441 | 698 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Set amidst the political unrest that colors so much of Argentina’s history, Renaldo is the epic tale of the De Seta family. Renaldo De Seta is the younger of two sons in this powerful and wealthy family. When Renaldo is seven, his father Peter is killed while visiting England for a soccer tournament. This tragedy shapes the family and is largely responsible for determining what both Renaldo and his older brother Lonnie will become.
The death of his father fills Lonnie with rage, and he struggles for years to manage it. When Celeste Lavelle enters Lonnie’s life as a college instructor, she manipulates Lonnie into falling in love with her and joining her as a member of a terrorist organization. Renaldo chooses a very different path. He devotes himself to playing the acoustic guitar and soccer—two of his father’s favorite pastimes. In 1977 he attends the championship game of the Argentine Soccer League and when violence breaks out between fans on opposing sides, he is instrumental in saving the life of Astro Gordero, a ruthless but influential Argentinean lawyer. Gordero sees potential in Renaldo and hopes to turn the young man’s talents into profit. He gives Renaldo an opportunity to try out for the Argentinean 1978 World Cup Soccer team, and sets himself up as his manager.
The author has accomplished a great deal with this book. Beginning with Renaldo’s grandfather Lonfranco Guissepe De Seta, who immigrated to Buenos Aires in 1898 from Italy, the author paints a vivid picture of the era through the experiences of the De Seta family, sharing information about the culture, economics, and politics of this country. The author also introduces readers to the game of fútbol, which he generally refers to as soccer. This sport is clearly one that the author is passionate about; he captures a great deal of excitement in his description of the games. For example, about the beginning of the World Cup finale, he writes:
By two fifty-eight p.m., the team photographs had been taken, the combatants had exchanged informal handshakes and hollow good wishes with one another, and the teams had saluted the multitudes with upraised arms. Now, finally, Italian referee Giovanni Patrizio stood over the ball at center field. Four years of preparations, qualifying matches, exhibition contests, scandals, name calling, and bitter rivalries had all led to this one moment.
Ultimately, this story is about hope. Peter De Seta’s father came to Argentina with nothing but hope that he could make a better life for himself. He instilled the same sense of optimism in his son. After Peter’s death, his two sons choose very different paths: One chooses despair, and the other chooses hope. The actions that stem from these choices will leave readers contemplating the power of this quiet feeling.
Disclosure: This article is not an endorsement, but a review. The author of this book provided free copies of the book and paid a small fee to have his/her book reviewed by a professional reviewer. Foreword Reviews and Clarion Review make no guarantee that the author will receive a positive review. Foreword Magazine, Inc. is disclosing this in accordance with the Federal Trade Commission’s 16 CFR, Part 255. | <urn:uuid:4462a1f4-6c15-46f2-9123-bb776770a492> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.forewordreviews.com/reviews/renaldo/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720475.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00353-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960404 | 682 | 1.78125 | 2 |
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