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BAGPIPE, Oboe, Clarinet, and Piano could be the elements of an avant-garde musical ensemble. At Lawrence Livermore, however, they are the names of recent explosive tests conducted deep under the Nevada desert by Laboratory physicists and engineers. The tests
are aimed at providing important data to experts watching over the nation's nuclear weapon stockpile.|
In the Livermore experiments, chemical high explosives are detonated next to samples of weapons-grade plutonium (plutonium-239) to obtain new insights about plutonium and its alloys in the ensuing microseconds. The tests, conducted at the Department of Energy's 3,500-square-kilometer Nevada Test Site, are subcritical. That is, no critical mass is formed, so no self-sustaining nuclear fission chain reaction occurs as it does in a nuclear detonation. The experiments are permitted within the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty signed by President Clinton in 1998.
Indeed, subcritical tests have become largely accepted internationally for ensuring the safety and reliability of a nation's nuclear force without resorting to nuclear testing. Russia has been conducting subcritical tests involving both weapons-grade plutonium and uranium since 1995 at its Novaya Zemlya test site near the Arctic Circle.
Lawrence Livermore's heavily instrumented experiments provide data on the behavior of plutonium in a strongly shocked state and how that behavior differs from plutonium that has aged over decades inside a nuclear warhead. "We need to better understand how the aging of plutonium could affect the safety or performance of a weapon," says Livermore physicist Dick Lear. He explains that the accumulation of alpha particles (helium nuclei) produced by the radioactive decay of plutonium atoms is thought to cause imperfections in the material's crystalline structure and thereby possibly affect its performance. To investigate the consequences of aging, subcritical tests compare the behavior of newly machined plutonium with that obtained from old, dismantled warheads.
The tests focus on ejecta and spall, phenomena that are thought to affect the performance of a nuclear warhead, specifically that part of the warhead called the primary. Ejecta are a violent spray of plutonium particles that are propelled from a material's surface when it is compressed by a powerful shock wave. Spall is the breakup of plutonium from the explosive shock wave reflected back from the surface.
Tests Provide Real-World Data|
The Livermore tests, together with those performed by Los Alamos National Laboratory, play an important role in DOE's Stockpile Stewardship Program to ensure a safe and reliable nuclear weapons stockpile without underground nuclear testing. Stockpile stewardship depends in great measure on advanced computer simulations of weapon performance and materials aging. Subcritical experiments provide the actual data about the behavior of plutonium and thus are useful for improving computer simulation codes, enabling them to more accurately predict any problems with the nation's aging stockpile.
The Nevada tests are an important complement to hydrodynamic experiments on mock warheads conducted at Lawrence Livermore's remote Site 300 test facility in California. While similar to subcritical tests, the hydrodynamic experiments do not use plutonium. Because plutonium is the most enigmatic element in the periodic table (see S&TR, June 2000, pp. 15-22), tests using its surrogates cannot accurately answer all the questions scientists have about the behavior of plutonium in a warhead.
The Livermore tests are conducted by the Laboratory's Engineering and Defense and Nuclear Technologies directorates with support from Bechtel Nevada Corp. and AlliedSignal/Federal Manufacturing and Technologies. Livermore researchers share their experimental results with their Los Alamos colleagues.
The subcritical tests are conducted at the U1A complex of the Nevada Test Site, located about 140 kilometers northwest of Las Vegas. The complex consists of several buildings and instrumentation trailers from which scientists monitor experiments conducted in tunnels mined some 290 meters underground. According to Lawrence Livermore engineer Dave Conrad, staging subcritical tests underground is ideal because it minimizes the tests' environmental impact. Conrad, who serves as Livermore's test director and project leader, also points out that underground testing costs far less than designing, building, certifying, and using an aboveground, reusable chamber.
Tunnels Carved Underground|
The underground complex consists of several main tunnels (called drifts), each about one-quarter of a kilometer long, and a series of small experimental alcoves branching off from them. The alcoves are also called zero rooms, from the "ground zero" parlance of the nuclear test era. The downhole environment is surprisingly comfortable, with well-lit rooms, concrete floors, tall ceilings, and lunchrooms.
Both Livermore and Los Alamos have designated testing areas in the complex. Los Alamos scientists conduct experiments about every 15 months, while Livermore currently conducts its tests every six weeks, thanks to the use of expendable steel vessels that confine debris from the experiment.
The complex's main vertical shaft is equipped with a mechanical hoist to transport workers and equipment. The shaft was originally mined in 1968 for an underground test that was later canceled. In 1988, the shaft was reopened and a 445-meter horizontal tunnel was mined south of the shaft for a low-yield Los Alamos nuclear test. The test, called Ledoux, was conducted in 1990, two years before President Bush announced a nuclear test moratorium that remains in effect. A second vertical shaft about 305 meters away, constructed in 1991-92, provides cross ventilation, utility access, and emergency egress.
In 1996, Lawrence Livermore started mining its first downhole experimental area, called the 101 drift, using the same mining techniques as those for subway construction. The drift and three small experimental alcoves were completed about 10 months later. The mined areas were stabilized with 5-meter-long steel rods drilled into the tunnel walls, secured with epoxy cement, and sprayed with a slurry of fibercrete, material similar to concrete. The Holog, Bagpipe, and Clarinet test series were all conducted in their assigned alcoves, which afterwards were permanently sealed.|
Last year saw the completion of Livermore's second drift, called the 102 minicomplex. Requiring nearly two years to mine, the minicomplex consists of a main drift (82 meters long, 7 meters wide, 6 meters high) and two reusable experimental alcoves (23 and 27 meters long; both are 6 meters wide by 5 meters high). The first alcove is planned to accommodate up to 12 Oboe experiments conducted in steel confinement vessels and one Piano experiment that is possibly too large for a vessel. The second alcove is planned to accommodate 20 additional Oboe experiments and another Piano-like experiment.
Holography Provides 3-D View|
The high-speed diagnostic instruments used in the experiments are similar to those found in research facilities back at Livermore. The primary diagnostic is a laser-based imaging system that captures the cloud of plutonium ejecta flying out from the shocked surface at the moment of explosion (called shock breakout). The film of this experiment is actually a hologram, which, when projected with a laser, allows experimenters to "walk through" a cloud of plutonium particles in three dimensions. The hologram provides data on the size, shape, number, and velocity of the particles. High-speed cameras also record images of the shocked plutonium over time.
Other instruments, also in regular use at Livermore, complement the holography data on plutonium ejecta. The Fabry-Perot interferometer (see S&TR, July 1996, pp. 12-19) examines the change of position (and inferred mass and velocity) of particles trapped on a gold foil by measuring the wavelength shift of laser light reflected from the moving foil surface. Also, the rate at which ejecta hit a set of piezoelectric "pins" is recorded.Radiography experiments look at another phenomenon, plutonium spall. Like an echo, the shock wave caused by high explosives is reflected back from the plutonium surface. Depending upon the shape of the shock wave, the plutonium can develop cracks in its crystalline structure or even begin to break into pieces. Radiography instruments determine the dependence of spall characteristics on shock-wave geometry and changes in pressure.
Currently, the x-ray equipment used on the subcritical tests cannot penetrate materials as deeply as scientists would like. But moving underground a giant machine, such as that at Livermore's Flash X-Ray Facility, is simply not possible, given the cramped shafts and the limited real estate downhole. Therefore, a Livermore team is building an x-ray machine that will be powerful enough for the tests and small enough to be transported and set up underground.
Conrad notes that because of the wide-ranging use of optics in experiments, dust is a major enemy. Unfortunately, dust is a natural attribute of the belowground work environment, especially mining activities. The Livermore team uses a host of techniques to keep dust at bay, including air filtration systems, shoe cleaning machines, and sticky tape on floors.
Holog Test Was First|
The first Livermore subcritical test, consisting of two experiments, was conducted in September 1997. It was named Holog, after the major holographic diagnostic technique that was used to examine ejecta. Because Holog was the first experiment, scientists paid special attention to understanding the physics of the explosions and the effects on the containment barrier to the alcove.
One year later, Livermore conducted its second subcritical test. Code-named Bagpipe, this set of four experiments was designed to investigate both ejecta production and spall at different pressure regimes. "Bagpipe confirmed that we can successfully field a broad suite of diagnostics on subcritical tests," says Lear. "It gave us confidence to design more complex experiments."
The February 1999 Clarinet test consisted of three experiments that were evaluated by a larger array of diagnostic packages than were used previously. Diagnostic techniques included Fabry-Perot velocimetry, holography, pins, and radiography.
Two of the Clarinet experiments primarily used holography to examine the effects of aging on plutonium. The two were identical in every way except for the age of the plutonium. The size and distribution of ejecta particles resulting from the shock wave in the two plutonium materials were captured on holographic film and analyzed. From the two holograms, scientists inferred changes due to the aging process.
Underground Tests Earn High Safety Marks
In many ways, subcritical tests at the Nevada Test Site are similar to those that have been conducted safely for years at Lawrence Livermore's Site 300 research facility. However, Livermore managers have adopted many new safety procedures for the Nevada tests because plutonium has been introduced, testing is being conducted underground, the diagnostic systems are remotely controlled from above ground, and several diverse organizations, each with its own work culture, are involved.
"The underground work environment is congested and there are many potential hazards," says Livermore test director Dave Conrad. Fortunately, planning for Livermore's first subcritical tests was begun during the introduction of Integrated Safety Management, the Department of Energy's program to ensure the highest safety performance. Following the tenets of the safety program required a review of every activity, from mining to experiment setup, before it was undertaken.
The careful preparation has clearly paid off. For example, during the two years of construction activities related to the newest underground minicomplex, called the 102 drift, there were no major injuries or any involving lost time. Safety continues as the highest daily work priority, and quarterly safety walkthroughs are conducted with representatives from the Department of Energy, Lawrence Livermore, and Bechtel Nevada.
A number of safety systems ensures safety to workers and the environment. For example, a computerized safety interlock system of 87 sensors keeps track of the location of workers downhole. Another system continually samples the underground air quality. For added safety, each worker and visitor carries a portable breathing apparatus for emergencies and certain underground areas have been designated emergency shelters.
Plutonium and high explosives are shipped separately from Livermore and then assembled into an experimental package at the Device Assembly Facility located about 16 kilometers from the subcritical test complex (see S&TR, May 1998, pp. 23-25). From there, the experimental packages are trucked to the complex and lowered for transport to the experimental alcove.
A major emphasis is on keeping the plutonium used in the tests completely confined. "We take great care that no plutonium will ever leak out into the general environment," says Conrad. The experiment team's first commandment, he says, is that "not one atom of plutonium shall be released to any uncontrolled environment as a result of the experiment."
The containment plan for the current Oboe series of experiments uses the time-tested concept of nested barriers: first there is the expendable steel vessel in which the experiment is conducted; then the experimental alcove, with its locked and temporarily sealed crawl tube; and finally, a large concrete and steel barrier enclosing the drift. Lawrence Livermore safety experts account for the remote possibility that plutonium could seep into the alcove from a crack in the vessel or a seal failure on one of the vessel's ports. In that case, the alcove would contain any plutonium within the room. The alcove would be in a situation similar to that of the alcoves for the Holog, Bagpipe, or Clarinet tests, which were permanently sealed with concrete following the experiments. Lawrence Livermore managers note that no plutonium has ever been released from an experimental area.
All underground areas and all personnel are monitored for radiation exposure. Workers are not allowed into the reusable alcoves following an experiment until detectors show that there has been zero leakage of plutonium from the experimental steel vessel.
Oboe Inaugurated Minicomplex|
Beginning in September 1999, the Oboe test series inaugurated the new 102 minicomplex, where expendable steel vessels that completely confine the experiments were first used. These steel vessels make it unnecessary to carve out a separate alcove for each experiment. The alcove is checked for plutonium leakage after an experiment, and if there is no contamination, workers reenter, move the used steel vessel to the rear of the alcove, and entomb it in concrete at least 30 centimeters thick. Preparations then begin on the next experiment.
"We were looking for ways to do the experiments better, faster, and cheaper," says Conrad. "We asked ourselves if a steel vessel could serve as a miniature zero room, with diagnostic equipment located just outside."
The vessels with 3-centimeter-thick walls were designed by an engineering team from Lawrence Livermore and Bechtel Nevada. They measure 1.2 meters long and 1 meter in diameter, compact enough to move through the crawl tube of the containment barrier separating the alcove from the corridor. Computer simulations were used to design and test the vessels to ensure that they would reliably confine the detonation products. The design was then experimentally tested at the High Explosives Applications Facility at Lawrence Livermore and the Big Explosives Engineering Facility at the Nevada Test Site. In addition, each newly constructed vessel is pressure-tested to 42 kilograms force per square centimeter, a more-than-adequate pressure to confine the gases and radioactive debris generated by the typical experiment.
Once a new vessel is transported into the alcove, a "cube"-an experimental package containing plutonium and chemical explosives-is lowered inside. The vessel and the cube are typically maintained at different atmospheric pressures. The vessel is only moderately evacuated; residual air pressure is used to lessen the shock of exploding debris. The cube is at a much lower pressure to permit a laser beam to penetrate the exploding plutonium without being diffracted by air molecules.
Concrete Entombs Vessels|
Conrad says the expendable vessels have resulted in significant cost savings and improved data return. "The vessels permit turnarounds faster than anyone had believed possible," he adds. Oboe experiments, for example, have been performed about every six weeks, at a much lower cost per experiment. "With expendable vessels, we can learn from one shot and apply it to the next experiment just a few weeks away," he says.
Conrad notes that Holog, Bagpipe, and Clarinet each were fired as clusters of experiments in dedicated alcoves. It took about one year to complete mining activities for the separate alcoves and to set up each experiment cluster, with much of the diagnostic equipment installed in the same room. (Image recording had to rely on sophisticated optical-relay systems connected to equipment outside the alcove.) After the experiment, each alcove and its resident diagnostic equipment were permanently contaminated from the detonation and could not be reused.
By significantly reducing the need for new alcoves, the vessels save mining costs of about $20 million and double the usable lifetime of the 102 minicomplex from two years to four. Scientists expect to stage up to 12 Oboe experiments in the first alcove of this minicomplex before they start running out of room from the accumulation of entombed vessels. Then, they plan to fire the first Piano shot because it is possibly too powerful to be confined within a vessel. After that, the alcove will be permanently sealed, as was done with the Holog, Clarinet, and Bagpipe alcoves, and experimenters will move on to the next alcove.
Conrad notes that the new format allows diagnostic data to be recorded either inside or outside of the alcove, depending upon the experimental configuration. Some data may be transmitted over electrical or fiber-optic cables to recording instruments outside the alcove, while other data are recorded inside the room and retrieved following the experiment.
For example, holography film is placed next to the high-resolution lens of a viewing port of the vessel. By locating the film very close to the experiment, scientists have obtained Oboe holograms with unprecedented quality and without the cumbersome optical-relay system used on Holog, Clarinet, and Bagpipe.|
Lawrence Livermore physicists have been pleased with the data obtained from subcritical tests and how they are allowing colleagues to refine advanced simulation codes that run on supercomputers. Lear says experimenters are particularly pleased with how well the expendable vessel concept has worked.
The subcritical tests are envisioned to continue for the foreseeable future as experimenters gain confidence and experience. Mining has begun on an addition, called the 104 minicomplex, to accommodate experiments planned for the middle part of the decade. Those experiments will also be named after musical instruments. Livermore scientists hope these tests will continue to produce data that are music to their ears.
Key Words: Big Explosives Engineering Facility, Device Assembly Facility, ejecta, High Explosives Applications Facility, Integrated Safety Management, Nevada Test Site, plutonium, Site 300, spall, stockpile stewardship, subcritical tests, U1A complex.
For more information contact David C. Conrad (925) 422-7839 (email@example.com).
ABOUT THE SCIENTIST
David C. Conrad is the test director for the Nevada Experiments and Operations Program. He provides project planning, coordination, and integration of multidisciplinary teams for the execution of tests, projects, demonstrations, and experiments at the Nevada Test Site. He served as the test director on Holog, the first subcritical experiment to be conducted by Lawrence Livermore. Conrad received a B. S. in electronics engineering from Mississippi State University and an M.S. in electronics engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology. At Lawrence Livermore since 1978, Conrad has had various assignments and managerial positions, including technical coordination of the separator controls for the Atomic Vapor Laser Isotope Separation project and operations management of Livermore's Industrial Partnerships and Commercialization Program. He has
also served as U.S. technical expert for treaty verification negotiations in Geneva and Moscow. | <urn:uuid:18f373f2-f6e5-424c-9927-6750ad519706> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://str.llnl.gov/str/Conrad.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00122-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946064 | 4,117 | 3.28125 | 3 |
Bimetal Bushes With Powder Based Metallurgy - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities
|There are wide varieties of bearing materials developed ones the years to suit varied applications. There are seven factors contributing to bearing materials. They are fatigue resistance, compatibility, conformability. Thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance & load capacity. These properties permit the bearing material to operate properly. If a material does not possess all of these characteristics to some degree, it will not function long as a bearing. Babbitt metal is a general term used for soft tin and lead-base alloys which are cast as bearing surfaces on surfaces of shells, bronze on cast-iron shells. In small bushings for fractional horsepower motors and in automotive engine bearings, the Babbitt is generally used as a thin coating over a flat steel strip. Self lubricated bushes are rapidly replacing ordinary bushes at each and every place. The greatest fact is that the new technology of self lubricated bushes has made its manufacture very easy and economic. The cost difference is not much still it gives the facility of operation at competitively much higher temperature increasing the life of machines and commentator segments.|
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|Working capital: -||T.C.I: Cost of Project : 207 Lakh|
|Return: 43.00%||Break even: 69.00%|
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Products & Services | <urn:uuid:04c15faf-bf6a-4de0-be52-bda7a6d8572a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.niir.org/profile-project-reports/profile/1215/bimetal-bushes-with-powder-based-metallurgy-manufacturing-plant-detailed-project-report-profile-business-plan-industry-trends-market-research-survey-manufacturing-process-machinery-raw-materials-feasibility-study-investment-opportunities.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00495-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.895715 | 1,020 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Everyone seems to be looking for something. How to find whatever this is may be less obvious for you. Consider five points to be happier more often. Enjoy a more enriching life:
1) Expect good things.
Some people say expect the unexpected and never be disappointed. This is true, but understanding the power of thought is also knowing your experience reflects what you expect. Imagine the best case scenario and focus on this vision, and this is more likely to become your reality.
2) Know how you feel is up to you.
Its very common to blame situations on others. Although you cannot always control what goes on around you, you are actually in charge of how you respond to everything you encounter. Take personal responsibility for how you feel and suddenly, you can be happy now. No more excuses.
3) Tune into the signals around you.
All the world is made of energy. Each human being can feel the pulse of the Earth beneath bare feet and through every pore of the skin. Simply realize everything from change in body temperature, to goosebumps, emotions arising and mood swings, are all forms of non-verbal communication between nature and the illusion of separate self. You are always guiding yourself to the best choices for yourself. All you have to do is tune into your signs and signals and listen.
4) Accept all the universe is supporting you.
It may require a shift in your perspective, but assuming everything is always working out for the best is an empowering revelation. This enables you to see blessings in the apparent ups and downs of life and find you are able to laugh and smile, come what may. Life is more light-hearted.
5) Decide everything is possible.
Whatever your personal, professional or other conditions, deciding everything is possible empowers you to realize where the will exists, and a way can be found. You can discover ways to self-heal, launch a bumper business, find the financial means to realize a dream, plan or innovate approaches to whatever life presents. The world is your oyster. This reminds you thoughts shape your perception of priorities and experience. All you need is at your fingertips. | <urn:uuid:fe0a52fd-0893-464b-9396-8dab873ab1c7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blog.dreambuilders.com.au/journal/tag/life | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00017-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951525 | 440 | 1.601563 | 2 |
The bad news is, most of the trash we do generate is plastic.
Plastic bread bags, plastic tags on bread bags. Plastic bags that come with our New York Times. Plastic shrink-wrapped around boxes of tea for God knows what reason.
Plastic around milk containers. Plastic rings encircling glass bottles of jam and peanut butter. Hello food producers!! We're buying glass for a reason.
Now I'm not a crusader against all plastic. I love Fake Plastic Fish, but we all have our battles to fight, and I'm not ready to add plastic to mine. We go shopping several times a week because I go through fruit literally that fast on my low cholesterol diet. Because of that, we shop at Whole Foods which has the advantage of being four blocks away from our apartment. The berries all come in plastic containers, and we buy plenty.
I buy the pre-packaged organic baby carrots because they're an easy, healthy snack. And the pre-washed organic spinach because, frankly, if the spinach isn't pre-washed it's a lot more likely that I just won't eat it. Plus, the plastic keeps the vegetables from spoiling prematurely.
But even with all that plastic that I'm not willing (yet) to do without, there still seems to be so much excess plastic ... plastic we could get rid of. Plastic that I'm flummoxed is there in the first place. Like the box of tea that is shrink-wrapped in plastic, and then when you open it, you find out that inside the box, each INDIVIDUAL TEA BAG is also wrapped in plastic.
Seriously, is there some pandemic of unsanitary tea that I don't know of? (I no longer buy this brand.)
Plastic is piling up ... in our apartment (literally, for whatever reason my boyfriend sees fit to keep all the New York Times bags like we're suddenly going to come up with a use for them), in our landfills, in my mind. The other day, one of my contacts fell off in the sink, and because I was getting rid of them anyway, I almost let it go down the drain. And then I realized ... "Oh wait. That's ... plastic." And with visions of endangered fish choking on my contact, I scooped it back up.
Saturday, at the grocery store, my boyfriend reported that he stared at the milk for several seconds, trying to figure out if he should buy the organic milk in the plastic container or the non-organic milk in the paper container. Unable to deal with this Sophie's Choice, he fled from the dairy aisle and found, to his relief, that I had already picked up the milk: organic in plastic.
One more plastic container to add to my heap of plasticized guilt. | <urn:uuid:5c5f568b-158d-46a0-b798-8b6f968751a3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://arduousblog.blogspot.com/2010/08/plastic-covering-planet.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.967816 | 580 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Grandma Mimi has disappeared, and kids help Mia, the cute and courageous mouse, find her. The Mia series features truly fun, interactive adventures that educate along the way. In previous titles, Mia covered math, science, and reading; now she's going global. Kids can begin to explore the French and Spanish languages in mini- games within the story. Parents may want to help younger kids get started, as game play can be a bit complex. | <urn:uuid:a233a11f-8cde-43fd-bbd0-b06b8a1c69eb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,1628026,00.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00438-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9518 | 92 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Nature has already shown us the way to solve many human problems, from deciphering simple engineering puzzles to unlocking the mysteries of flight. In The Nature of Business, author Giles Hutchins makes a compelling case for applying the same principles of biomimicry to the development of a new business paradigm. He demonstrates clearly how behaviors and organizations found in nature can be applied to help companies flourish in chaotic and uncertain times.
Eclipsing current approaches to responsible and green business, Hutchins' focus is on the emergence of new ways of operating and creating value in an increasingly volatile and interconnected world. He presents the challenges to the prevailing "business as usual" model, explains the pressing need for transformational change, and reveals the concepts and mindsets necessary to inspire the businesses of tomorrow, including:
- Optimization and adaptation
- Systems integration
- Values-based navigation and life-building activities.
Showcasing the pioneers of the new paradigm through a multitude of examples and case studies, The Nature of Business presents the tools and techniques required to effect the transformation to an organization fit for purpose, fit for the future, and inspired by nature.
About the author
Giles Hutchins is a management consultant who guides business and organizations through the process of redesigning for resilience in challenging times. Drawing on a range of theories and practices such as biomimicry, cradle-to-cradle design and industrial ecology, he develops solutions which take inspiration from nature to create sustainable business transformation. He is the co-founder of BCI: Biomimicry for Creative Innovation, formerly the Global Director and Head of Sustainability Solutions for Atos International, and a highly sought after speaker on the subject of sustainable business practices. | <urn:uuid:ce344ade-1dd1-41ab-9925-ffd043cae337> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://49thshelf.com/Books/T/The-Nature-of-Business-PDF | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.917679 | 356 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Folks all all through america are experiencing many points together with inflation, local weather alter and the COVID-19 pandemic.
However the fashionable mass capturing at a Tops grocery maintain in Buffalo is shining a gentle on the menace individuals of shade confront each single working day.
In accordance with the Countrywide Alliance on Psychological Sickness, the information of remaining Black in america might differ, however there are a selection of shared cultural experiences like racism, discrimination and inequity.
Allow us to crack this down into some figures.
In accordance to a survey from the Pew Analysis Heart, all-around a third of Black grownups defined they involved just about nearly each day they is perhaps threatened or attacked given that of their race or ethnicity. In the very same research, throughout 3 in 10 Black older individuals said they reworked their day-to-day routine or schedule within the earlier yr due to these fears.
Now, these stressors can in lots of circumstances information to a choice of psychological well being troubles, however the likelihood of an individual of color reaching out for allow is considerably fewer compared to a white counterpart.
Some professionals share what boundaries are stopping people within the African American group from getting the care they require.
When she was growing up, Chandra Redfern seasoned some women and men in each her partner and kids and fellow African American neighborhood coping with psychological wellness issues.
“I simply realized that there was something not very right and there needed to be a approach to make a distinction,” Buffalo Federation of Neighborhood Facilities CEO Chandra Redfern talked about. “So I went right into a serving to profession.”
Redfern was a counselor for about three many years and joined the Buffalo Federation of Neighborhood Amenities, a local people company that serves minimal-profits and deprived populations and hyperlinks and refers people to bodily and psychological nicely being providers. She suggests there’s a absence of participation amongst African Us residents within the psychological nicely being sector. She claims one specific of the causes for that deficiency of participation is the stigma from psychological wellness and psychological well being professional providers within the African American group.
“I consider there’s numerous ‘don’t put your group out the road,’” Redfern said. “So what takes place within the family stays within the property. We actually don’t convey outsiders into what’s going on with us.
Rana Ryan is a licensed medical licensed psychotherapist. She agrees, declaring a preferred stigma within the African American group is that there’s something incorrect with the particular person needing help with their psychological well being. She says different limitations embody entry to technological know-how and transportation to and from appointments.
“I uncover that households who’ve much more strategies and have entry to motor autos versus African American households that I’ve labored with possibly share a auto and doubtless that auto shouldn’t be in superior situation, and the auto is probably remaining utilized to get to function,” Ryan said. “[People have] priorities, you recognize.”
Redfern suggests some people within the African American local people might maybe not be insured, or they don’t know what their insurance coverage insurance policies handles. Co-pays will also be powerful for some to afford.
“After we’re speaking about a person which may be a really low-wage earner or a center-course earner, and you’ve got a $25 co-pay out to go see a therapist,” Redfern talked about. “I imply, individuals aren’t paying out $25 co-pays to go see their health-related physician. So you recognize now and again women and men should make prospects and they might choose to not expend that cash on a copay.
Redfern and Ryan say it’s additionally important to have distributors which can be educated and embrace the variations in cultures. It is a factor Ryan says she didn’t expertise all by way of her therapy when she was younger.
“I assume I did two durations,” Ryan defined. “I didn’t culturally join. The actual particular person didn’t acknowledge me. I ran out of there feeling confused and extra misplaced. I skilled a bachelor’s diploma in psychology and I noticed I most popular to go additional extra to help individuals not experience what I seasoned.”
Redfern states she sees an entire lot of superior objects happening in situations of range within the psychological nicely being business, however there’s nonetheless a protracted approach to go.
“It’s not a improbable level when people are saying, ‘I cannot uncover African American distributors,’” Redfern reported. “As a result of we all know that they’re on the market. In some circumstances we’ve to search for a minor bit extra sturdy to acquire them but it surely shouldn’t be that tough of a search for.”
She states individuals have to be prepared to search out distributors that they sense comfortable getting options from. | <urn:uuid:9c444b72-4396-4e32-a66b-c41652429394> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://support-numbers.co.uk/the-necessity-for-psychological-well-being-providers-in-black-communities.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.954372 | 1,073 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Are you noticing chronically slow or stopped drainage in your home? Is a plunger or a drain snake not cutting it? You may have a clog in your main sewer line that could be affecting the drainage throughout your entire home and business. Clogs like these require special attention in the form of rooter service. My Buddy the Plumber is your drain cleaning service in Tooele that can get your water system back up and running, no matter how big the job.
Rooter service gets its name from its original use, which was to cut through tree roots that were clogging sewer pipes. Even the tiniest crack in a pipe can create a space for tree roots to grow. Waste that is being carried away from your home or business is very nutritious for tree roots, which is why they try to grow into the pipes. Not only does this root growth clog your pipes, but it can also cause serious damage to your pipes that can be costly to fix.
To remedy this problem, a plumbing tool known as the rooter was invented in the 1930s. The earliest version of the rooter was a washing machine motor on roller skate wheels connected to a cable with rotating blades. This allowed the user to snake the rooter into the pipes and cut through the tree roots without having to dig to where the main line was located underground, disassemble it, and reassemble it. Today’s industry-grade rooters are much more efficient and powerful, and can cut through nearly any clogs, not just tree roots.
But how can you tell whether you need rooter service? Rooter service isn’t just for any old clog. Individual clogs do not require rooter service if they are localized at a single appliance. For example, if only your kitchen sink is clogged, it probably collected a few too many food particles and a bit too much soap scum. While you may require a plumber to remedy this problem, rooter service is not the way to go. If you notice several drains are clogged or slow to drain, however, this is an indication that the problem may be located in the main line. In this case, you may want to call My Buddy the Plumber for sewer line cleaning in Tooele.
When you hire My Buddy the Plumber to do your rooter service, you know you’re getting the best plumbing company in Tooele. We understand how stressful a plumbing issue can be, which is why we’re committed to fixing the problem as quickly and efficiently as possible. If you’re not sure whether you need rooter service, give us a call and we’ll help you figure out what you need to get your plumbing back in working order.
1: The quote must be an apple-to-apples bid, same services and quality of parts.
2: Must be from a licensed and insured company that offers a comparable level of service.
(not chuck in his truck, or your neighbor's nephew, etc..)
3: The quote(s) must be presented in writing to our technician, at the time he looks at your project.
This is meant as a SECOND opinion. So round up those bids and give us a call, let us see what we can do to earn your business.
If we can’t find a way to match or beat your qualified bids, we’ll give you a $50 gift card for your time! | <urn:uuid:5e8f90ea-22e2-441f-bc6a-6ce7d984960f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mybuddytheplumber.com/tooele/plumbing/rooter-service/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.962551 | 715 | 1.625 | 2 |
Sewage System Inspection Approaches
There are many approaches used for sewer evaluations. Aesthetic evaluations involve the examiner checking out conditions around the pipeline. In bigger drain systems, CCTV is attached to a plethora that floats between manholes. CCTV is also used in smaller sewage systems. It offers top notch visual data as well as can be quickly rotated in both straight and vertical planes. Nevertheless, this technique is not always appropriate for sewers that are also narrow to be examined by hand.
In a typical sewage system inspection, a plumbing removes a toilet to get inside the pipe. A video camera is after that connected to a lengthy cord and fed via the pipeline to try to find any breaks or obstructions. The service technician will certainly maintain going till they reach the drain primary. This method is ideal since it permits the plumbing professional to determine damage much more quickly. With a video assessment, the plumbing professional can quickly identify any damages or break in the pipeline. When he has the video footage, the plumbing technician can then identify if a much more extensive drain evaluation is needed.
In bigger cities, sewer systems can be large as well as detailed, dating back decades. Sewage system assessors need to see various locations of the system on a regular basis, consisting of a citys exclusive sewer lateral. Occasionally, this indicates creeping via little as well as tight areas to find a trouble location. Sewer evaluation calls for the use of safety devices and also appropriate clothes, consisting of handwear covers and also a full-face mask to shield against sewage, coming under surprise sewer lines, and having the ability to move.
Today, drain evaluation is a lot easier than in years past, when plumbers would have to dig up a sewer to see its issues. With using video clip modern technology, plumbings can use a high-resolution camera that sits on the idea of a flexible post. The plumbing technician can then make use of the video footage to figure out the exact depth of the blockage and also where it has actually created. This method is particularly handy when clearing tree origins, which may obstruct a sewer system.
There are numerous ways to fix issues related to a sewage system line. The most effective method to avoid them is to purchase preventative maintenance and routine sewer evaluations. If you do locate a problem, the professional will certainly be able to suggest a method to repair the trouble. If the issue cant be resolved with straightforward solutions, hydro jetting or epoxy pipe cellular lining is the service. However, you ought to seek the support of a professional for this task, as it includes making use of equipment and also specialized expertise.
Prior to undertaking a drain assessment, its essential to understand the materials of the pipelines. If the pipelines are galvanized, they might have lead or zinc finishes. Lead can trigger health problems if you consume water which contains this metal. Additionally, these pipelines can corrode inside, creating a reduction in water stress and also ultimate rupture. A drain evaluation can assist determine any kind of issues prior to they become a severe problem. Its essential to obtain a sewage system examination done before undergoing a major renovation task, given that remodeling can move pipes and walls. | <urn:uuid:a4381e38-a9a0-4e7b-a89a-dacb887b8405> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.seostat.net/category/home-improvement/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.949676 | 642 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Seoul, Aug 1 (IANS) South Korea’s Supreme Prosecutors’ Office on Monday accused North Korean hackers of trying to access the emails of some 90 senior government officials, security agents, experts and reporters.
Between January and June, the hackers used a technique known as ‘spear phishing’, which involves sending false emails from a source known to the receiver, the office said in a statement.
The victims of the cyber-attack were senior officials from the ministries of foreign affairs, defence and unification, as well as reporters related to the ministries in Seoul, and several researchers specialised in North Korean affairs, EFE news agency reported citing the statement as saying.
Although they were not always successful, the hackers managed to obtain 56 email address passwords, according to the office, and the South Korean government has opened an investigation to determine whether any state secrets were compromised.
In recent years, both government and private institutions in South Korea have suffered several types of cyber-attacks, all of which Seoul has attributed to Pyongyang.
Last week, the South Korean police blamed the Kim Jong-un regime for a cyber-attack on Interpark, a major online retail firm, which resulted in the data leak of some 10 million users.
North Korea has always denied any involvement in such crimes and considers the accusations as Seoul’s strategy to hide security lapses and spread a negative image of the Communist country. | <urn:uuid:1de88927-5575-4542-8fd6-5a4c09f134e4> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.canindia.com/seoul-accuses-pyongyang-of-hacking-emails/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720238.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00188-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969481 | 291 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Not long after MaineCare cracked down on the availability of narcotic prescriptions early last year, police reported a spike in heroin abuse.
Maine addiction specialists agree: They say the restrictions, while working to prevent some Mainers from getting hooked on painkillers, also squeeze the drug supply to fuel addiction elsewhere.
Enter Maine’s growing heroin problem, and the state’s ongoing distinction as one of the worst in the country for drug addiction.
State officials view the MaineCare changes as a positive step, leading to a 30 percent drop in the number of opiate prescriptions since 2011. Patients with chronic pain are benefitting from alternative approaches, such as physical and occupational therapy, and MaineCare’s also saving money, they say.
To Dr. Mark Publicker of Mercy Hospital Recovery Center in Portland, however, such prevention efforts amount are small victories in Maine’s existing drug crisis.
“At this point, focusing on prevention is like having a family sitting in their living room and teaching them fire prevention when their house is burning down,” he said. “It really is important that the family know in the future how to prevent fires, but first they’ve got to put the fire out.”
As doctors prescribe opiates more cautiously, the street supply dwindles, driving up prices and spurring some addicts to turn to cheaper and potentially much more potent heroin, said Dr. Andrew Kolodny, a psychiatrist, public health advocate, and spokesman for the group Physicians for Responsible Opioid Prescribing.
Restricting prescription practices can help in the short term, but “the answer is to do something about the many people who are already addicted,” he said. “If you only curtail the overprescribing, without seeing that the people who are already addicted have access to treatment, then you’ll just see people turning to heroin. You have to do both.”
Emerging from the country’s opioid addiction epidemic are two groups, Kolodny said.
One is young adults who use the medications recreationally, often getting hooked on drugs they found in their parents’ medicine cabinet or scored through friends and family. Those addicts, who tend to be young and otherwise healthy, always faced obstacles convincing a doctor to prescribe the drugs and turned to the black market, he said. Now that prescription opiates are drying up on the street, they’re switching to heroin.
Alarmingly, younger addicts appear to be first experimenting with heroin by shooting up, Publicker said. Most don’t know about the dangers of sharing needles or where to get clean ones. “We’re going to see [HIV],” as a result, he said.
The second group Kolodny describes is middle-aged and older adults, more often prescribed opioids for medical treatment and less likely to turn to heroin in desperation.
“Believe it or not it’s that second group that’s much more likely to die of an overdose death,” he said.
Fatal heroin overdoses in Maine jumped from seven in 2011 to 28 in 2012.
While Maine has seen a rise since 2012 in the number of people seeking treatment for heroin and morphine addiction — for individuals on MaineCare and other types of health coverage — there’s no way to know if they’re abusing those drugs because they were shut off from opiates, said John Martins, a spokesman for the Maine Department of Health and Human Services. Opiates remain the top culprit in addiction treatment in Maine, he said.
Kolodny argues Maine should rapidly expand access to substance abuse treatment, much like Vermont. MaineCare has instead pulled back, capping methadone and buprenorphine treatment to two years and dropping coverage for thousands of childless adults, steps Republicans contend are needed to avoid bankrupting the program.
“That’s a very bad idea,” Kolodny said. “They should be expanding methadone, and they should be expanding buprenorphine. That’s the only way out of this mess.”
A reformulation of OxyContin — “our state drug,” Publicker says, as the chickadee is Maine’s state bird — also has contributed to the heroin problem. While it’s still kicking around as a street drug, the painkiller dropped off in use after its manufacturer made it more resistant to abuse, Publicker said.
Heroin, on the other hand, is a “more antisocial drug” tied to violent crimes and skyrocketing overdose rates, he said.
“We’re seeing murders that we never saw here,” Publicker said.
He questions whether Maine has sufficient pain therapy options such as those touted by the state. And, he points out, just because MaineCare limits doctors in prescribing opioids doesn’t mean patients can’t pay for the drugs themselves, outside of their government health coverage.
“This concept of having people take alternative therapies if you don’t make them available is a fallacy,” he said.
Publicker, also president of the Northern New England Society of Addiction Medicine, describes Maine as the most regressive state in the country for providing access to substance abuse treatment.
“Opiate addiction in the state is a metastatic cultural cancer, and we’re trying to treat symptoms of the cancer,” he said, such as by arresting people and removing children from their homes. “If you just treat the symptoms of cancer — nausea, hair loss, — the cancer is going to kill the individual. We’re not treating the disease, but we have treatment that works.” | <urn:uuid:ee56c834-8e86-41e0-b91e-f02413ba5d13> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://vitalsigns.bangordailynews.com/2014/03/01/home/did-mainecares-crackdown-on-opiates-fuel-our-states-heroin-problem/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718866.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00004-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945501 | 1,208 | 1.976563 | 2 |
We represent the 487,500 Australians living with dementia and the almost 1.6 million Australians involved in their care
What is dementia?
Dementia describes a collection of symptoms that are caused by disorders affecting the brain. It is not one specific disease.
Dementia affects thinking, behaviour and the ability to perform everyday tasks. Brain function is affected enough to interfere with the person’s normal social or working life.
News and stories
Free information kit
Choose from a range of resources offering key information, tips and advice about dementia, brain health, and living well.
Help sheets provide advice, common sense approaches and practical strategies on the issues most commonly raised about dementia.
Prefer to talk?
If you would prefer to talk to someone, call the National Dementia Helpline on 1800 100 500 (available 8am to 8pm weekdays).
Resources for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities
A series of help sheets about various dementia topics have been developed to inform Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people about dementia.
Information in other languages
Dementia Australia is committed to meeting the linguistic needs of all members of the community.
Find resources translated into 38 languages including Arabic, German, Greek, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish, Thai, Ukrainian and Vietnamese.
Communication and Dementia
The session provides information on dementia, the way we communicate and how changes in communication can occur as a result of dementia.
Understanding Younger Onset Dementia
This session provides an introduction to younger onset dementia and the unique impacts of a diagnosis of dementia earlier in life.
Subscribe to Dementia Australia’s monthly eNews to receive updates on research and resources, hear stories from people impacted by dementia, and find out what you can do to improve the lives of people living with dementia, their families and carers. | <urn:uuid:3751acda-8dd2-4e04-bfce-41860e302d38> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dementia.org.au/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.880837 | 419 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Step one:continue at the ox files
Make sure that you write your Marty Haugen song in the right environment and setting. It will really help if you put on a Barbara Streisand or an Andrew Lloyd Webber CD; the inspiration they give will really boost your song writing ability.
Many Marty Haugen wannabes claim that they personally find Kermit the Frog singing Rainbow Connection a real inspiration in their efforts to follow in the song writing footsteps of the Master.
Think about things like your favourite pet. If you don’t have a pet, then think of Lassie or Barney the Dinosaur.
Choose a song structure from the following options:
1. Verse, chorus, verse
2. Chorus, verse, chorus
3. Verse, chorus, verse, bridge | <urn:uuid:85126f25-88ae-472a-8f62-13c8645defa7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://badgercatholic.blogspot.com/2013/07/the-ten-step-marty-haugen-song-writing.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00045-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.878763 | 164 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Nouman Ali Khan:
One problem I see more and more is the idea that the Sunnah is questionable and it was not protected and preserved as well as the Quran.
When I became a student of the Quran over 15 years ago, one of the first lessons I could not escape is that the most powerful defense of the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is the Quran itself. The only way someone can say they believe in the Quran but not the Sunnah is if they don’t study the Quran.
Watch the video here…
Source: Bayyinah Institute | <urn:uuid:95334ba0-ce5a-41d9-ac23-db7ef12d0e69> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://discover-the-truth.com/2016/02/09/the-quran-defends-the-sunnah-of-prophet-muhammed-p/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00137-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956196 | 124 | 1.515625 | 2 |
€4.00 - €5,269.00
Try your hand at drone programming! Gestures and objects recognition, AI, flight paths creation... These drones are suitable for a discovery of robotics at home as well as for use as a teaching aid. Programming languages: blocks and Python
There are 18 products.
This programmable Crazyflie drone (ROS compatible) designed by Bitcraze has an exclusive embedded indoor positioning system, for an autonomous flight that’s as precise as when using a GPS!
The Crazyflie 2.1 quadcopter nano kit, with its USB radio dongle, is a programmable and fully open-source long-range drone (ROS compatible).
Bitcraze has created a new kit for its tiny programmable Crazyflie 2.1 drone(ROS compatible). This time it comes with a radio amplifier and ToF sensor!
You have a programmable Crazyflie drone that’s now ready to explore its environment and embark on its first adventures? Be sure to keep a few compatible spare parts on hand, just in case! | <urn:uuid:b1e5ea24-e4b1-406d-8688-956231d8c34d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.generationrobots.com/en/322-programmable-drones | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.915749 | 236 | 1.625 | 2 |
David Halpern is an interesting character. Originally an advisor to Tony Blair’s Labour government he went on to establish the U.K.’s Behavioural Insights for David Cameron’s Conservative government. His CV makes sense to me given what he specializes in. His aim is to make government policy better. The politicians decide what should be done and Halpern tries to ensure it is done efficiently and effectively. One of the ways he does this is by improving public policy through testing.
The reason why Halpern doesn’t get caught constantly in ideological problems is that most people can agree on many government aims regardless of where they are on the political spectrum. These areas of common cause include such things as collecting taxes that are due, making programs to get the unemployed a job more effective, and improving student learning. I’d agree with Halpern when he says that:
“If we’re going to introduce a tax break to encourage businesses to invest in R&D, I think that very few people would consider it wrong to ensure that the communications about this tax break should be as clear and simple as possible”
Improving Public Policy Through Testing
The good (and bad) news is that government often hasn’t used much testing in the past. This means that the gains for improving communications etc.. are pretty easy to find. The key thing that is required is humility from experts. These need to admit they don’t know everything up front. This is necessary to motivate the need for a test.
Even when the need to test is recognized there are of course some challenges to improving policy this way. Most notably in the real world (as opposed to university laboratories) the researcher doesn’t have full control given they can’t make sure everything is just right in the field. “… field trials have to incorporate pragmatic compromises, and the researchers have to use statistical controls to iron out the imperfections” (Halpern, 2015, page 203). Field tests often aren’t perfect but this does not mean that they aren’t useful.
To my mind tests are a great (and bi-partisan) way to improve public policy. To see the benefits just consider where we are without testing. When a change is adopted how do we decide what exact change to make? He says “..without systematic testing, this is often little more than an educated guess.” (Halpern, 2015, page 328). If we want to move policy beyond educated guesses we need to run more trials and at least do what we can all agree on as effectively as possible.
For more on public policy see here.
Read: David Halpern (2015), Inside the Nudge Unit: How Small Changes Can Make a Big Difference, Random House | <urn:uuid:c31cbcb4-10b7-483c-aa9d-799029675034> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://neilbendle.com/improving-public-policy/amp/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.958173 | 585 | 2.140625 | 2 |
California dairies sue to stop enforcement of standard on raw milk
Published 4:00 am, Friday, December 28, 2007
California's two raw milk producers filed suit Thursday to keep the state from imposing a strict new standard that, they say, would put them out of business.
The suit, filed in San Benito County Superior Court, is part of an all-out effort by the raw milk dairies and the estimated 40,000 dedicated raw milk consumers in California to forestall enforcement of the new law, AB1735, which takes effect Jan. 1.
It was filed by Claravale Farm, which recently moved its herd to Paicines (San Benito County), and Organic Pastures of Fresno against the state Department of Food and Agriculture.
The agriculture department hadn't yet seen the lawsuit and had no immediate comment, spokesman Jay Van Rein said.
"Right now, the department is preparing to enforce the law when it takes effect," Van Rein said.
The new standard, he added, is "just a matter of staying ahead of the curve on food safety."
For the first time, the law limits coliform bacteria in bottled raw milk to just 10 per milliliter, the same standard that pasteurized milk must meet.
The lawsuit contends that "it's not technically possible nor economically feasible" for raw milk to meet such a low limit.
Van Rein, however, said California Agriculture Secretary A.G. Kawamura has checked with his counterparts in Washington and Pennsylvania, which also have adopted a 10-coliform limit, "to make sure their dairies have been able to comply."
The suit also contends that the raw milk producers are being unfairly singled out because there are "no standards in place for other food providers, for example beef, poultry, pork, eggs, vegetables, bakers or fin or shell fish, to comply with a coliform limit in the food stuffs they produce."
Fans seek out raw milk specifically because it contains enzymes and beneficial bacteria that are killed by heat pasteurization.
Coliform exist everywhere in the environment, and most don't cause illness, both raw milk and food safety authorities agree. Raw milk is already tested for the pathogens that do, such as E. coli, salmonella and campylobacter.
Public health authorities have a contentious history with raw milk, which many see as dangerous.
The federal government doesn't allow raw milk to be sold across state lines for human consumption.
California has the nation's biggest raw milk industry, and its vocal consumers have maintained pressure on state government to keep raw milk available. California is one of just a handful of states to permit raw milk sales in stores; many more allow retail sales directly from the farm.
Raw milk proponents see AB1735 as a way for the state to effectively ban raw milk without actually saying so. The two dairy owners were not informed of the proposal as it went through the Legislature and weren't offered the chance to make their case against the coliform limit. Passage was routine.
The lawsuit asks that the law be declared unconstitutional and the court keep it from taking effect.
In addition, the owners of Claravale and Organic Pastures met for more than two hours last week with Kawamura to make their case that the limit is overkill and can't be met. They also have met with AB1735's legislative sponsors to argue for repeal. | <urn:uuid:851d480f-bcfd-4cce-93a2-715159e490c6> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/California-dairies-sue-to-stop-enforcement-of-3233627.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720380.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00056-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967998 | 699 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Daily passeger mobility, Slovenia, 2017
Daily mobility of a resident of Slovenia in one year: 7,200 km or 3-times from Ljubljana to Paris and back
In 2017, the residents of Slovenia performed more than 12 billion kilometres on their daily trips – this is about the same distance as if going 300,000 times around the Earth along the equator. By car, all drivers made about 8 billion kilometres.
7,200 kilometres per resident per year on daily trips
In 2017, the residents of Slovenia (15–84 years) performed more than 12 billion kilometres on their daily trips, which is about 7,200 kilometres per person – this is the distance from Ljubljana to the North Cape and back. The residents performed 3.2 trips per day, which took them 76 minutes in total; the average length of one trip was 13 kilometres.
The working day trips differed from the non-working day trips: on working days the residents of Slovenia performed 3.3 trips on average, and on non-working days 2.7 trips. One trip was about 12 kilometres long on a working day, and about 17 kilometres long on a non-working day. On a working day, about 75 minutes were spent on all trips, while on a non-working day 78 minutes were spent.
On working days most trips started between 7 and 8 am, and between 3 and 4 pm. On non-working days most trips started between 10 and 11 am.
Is a car our most important mode of transport?
The answer is YES! Cars were the main mode of transport on 68% of the trips (made as a driver or as a passenger), on which 84% of all kilometres were made. The data are not surprising, because at the end of 2017, there were more than 1.1 million cars in Slovenia, i.e. two cars per 3 residents aged 18 and more.
The results indicate that in two thirds of all cars there was on average only one person in the car, thus the car occupancy rate was 1.7.
Walking was the second most common transport mode on 21.3% of trips; a bicycle was used on 4.5% of trips and public means of transport (bus and train) on 4.3%.
Walking was the most important mode of transport only on trips up to 1 kilometre
Only on trips at distances up to 1 kilometre, there were more trips made on foot than by car; at all other distances, cars were the dominant mode of transport.
Public means of transport were most often used on trips at distances from 20 to 30 kilometres; their share was the highest (17%) in the distance class from 150 to 200 kilometres.
Leisure and work as the most important travel purposes
Each trip begins with a purpose. In 2017, leisure and work were the most frequent purposes of the trips (36.1% and 24.0%, respectively), while the third most frequent trip purpose was shopping (15.1%).
Trips to work and back were longer than trips with the purpose of leisure. The average distance of trips to work was 17 kilometres, and such trips accounted for 34.6% of all distances travelled. The average distance of trips with the purpose of leisure was 13 kilometres, and accounted for 29.9% of all distances travelled.
The share of travel time of trips with the purpose of leisure was 40.7%. The share of trips with the purpose of work was 24.8% of all travel time.
European Mobility Week: Mix and Move!
Since 2002, the European Commission’s Directorate General for Mobility and Transport has organized the European Mobility Week between 16 and 22 September. This year’s theme Mix and Move encourages us to combine more environment-friendly modes of moving on our daily trips.
The results of the survey on passenger daily mobility, implemented by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia for the first time, indicate that the encouragement to use different means of transport is really necessary as most of our trips are made only by one mode of transport (95% according to 2017 provisional data). Walking was used on a fifth of trips, and cars on most of the others.
When two modes of transport were used in one trip, walking was mostly combined by another “vehicle mode of transport” - again most often by cars.
The last day of the European Mobility Week is the Car-Free Day.
Basic data on passenger daily mobility, Slovenia, 2017
In the autumn of 2017, the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia implemented the survey Passenger Daily Mobility for the first time, as development work and with the assistance of European funds. The survey brings the results on the characteristics of daily trips in the length from 100 metres to 300 kilometres, carried out by the residents of Slovenia aged 15 to 84. The survey was carried out between 16 September and 27 October 2017.
The final and more comprehensive data will be published in the spring of 2019. | <urn:uuid:65812deb-6875-4fc2-bdb6-3b9d0b3a3c67> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stat.si/StatWeb/en/News/Index/7596 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.975539 | 1,033 | 2.53125 | 3 |
On the second morning of the case brought by Oscar Wilde against the Marquess of Queensberry for criminal libel, there was a curious exchange between Edward Carson, Queensberry's counsel, and the playwright. Carson was asking about Alfred Taylor, who had procured rent boys for Wilde, and whom Carson was seeking to establish as an evidently dubious character. For instance, he lived in the upper part of a house without a servant (and thus was not a gentleman); he had double curtains that were drawn even in daytime; he burnt perfume in his rooms; he had young male friends; and so on. Including this:
"Carson: He used to do his own cooking?
Wilde: That I don't know. I have never dined with him there.
Carson: Do you mean to say that you don't know that Taylor used to do his own cooking?
Wilde: No; nor if he did, should I think it anything wrong. I think it rather clever. You have asked me as a fact. I say I do not know, but I have never seen him, sir.
Carson: I have not suggested that it is anything wrong.
Wilde: No, cooking is an art. (Laughter).
Carson: Another art?
Wilde: Another art."
Carson was, of course, suggesting there might be something wrong. Put together with all the other stuff, the fact that a fellow was familiar with a frying-pan could be a further clincher that he was not the full sovereign. And the laughter in court provoked by Wilde's innocuous proposition that cooking is an art suggests that Carson was well alive to the potential prejudices of an English jury.
Cooking is more usually seen as a morally neutral, if not actually positive endeavour; and cookery writing as even more free of Carsonesque aspersion. In 1923, Joseph Conrad's wife Jessie published A Handbook of Cookery for a Small House. Her husband's preface begins like this:
"Of all the books produced since the remote ages by human talents and industry those only that treat of cooking are, from a moral point of view, above suspicion. The intention of every other piece of prose may be discussed and even mistrusted, but the purpose of a cookery book is one and unmistakable. Its object can conceivably be no other than to increase the happiness of mankind."
This is a grand statement, and properly uxorious, and we might well pass on convinced if Conrad did not promptly undermine his own authority with the following admission: "I own that I find it impossible to read through a cookery book."
There are further caveats to be entered. For a start, we can imagine other examples of prose whose undoubted aim is to increase the happiness of mankind, from manuals of beekeeping and relaxation techniques to books about how to mend your own roof. Second, the notion that cookbooks are written from purer motives than other books is less clear now than in Conrad's day: watch the egomaniacal celebrity chef promoting the tie-in book of the TV series, and you will witness worldly ambition as plainly as in any other area of personality publishing. And third, it is perfectly possible to think of a cookbook that would strike many people as actively immoral: one devoted, say, to ways of preparing the meat of endangered species.
But we know, essentially, what Conrad is saying. Here he is again: "Good cooking is a moral agent." Hmm, that word "good": what exactly does he mean? "By good cooking I mean the conscientious preparation of the simple food of everyday life, not the more or less skilful concoction of idle feasts and rare dishes."
We might catch a whiff of sturdy puritanism, of tweed underpants, here. Presumably, if Mrs C served Joseph a soft-boiled barnyard egg for his lunch with some home-baked bread, this would be good; whereas if, because it was his birthday, she went up to Fortnum & Mason, bought plovers' eggs and samphire and - I don't know - strewed the latter over the lightly poached former and served it with an olive ciabatta, this might qualify as a rare dish and thus bad?
It is at this point in his preface that Conrad's reasoning becomes a little wonkier. Sane cooking leads to good digestion, he says (true); and this, he argues, renders us cheerful and reasonable. As proof by counter-example, he adduces the diet of North American Indians. "The Noble Red Man was a mighty hunter, but his wives had not mastered the art of conscientious cookery - and the consequences were deplorable. The Seven Nations around the Great Lakes and the Horse tribes of the plains were but one vast prey to raging dyspepsia... [and] the domestic life of their wigwams was clouded by the morose irritability which follows the consumption of ill-cooked food."
This is what caused the "unreasonable violence" of native Americans. As opposed, doubtless, to the reasonable violence of the British, French, Belgian, German and domestic American imperialists of the period, who ate so sensibly. The argument is like those that attribute national character to the weather or genius to illness - all-encompassing, unfalsifiable, yet manifestly bonkers.
Abbé Prevost, the author of Manon Lescaut, thought the British predilection for suicide could be explained by their consumption of half-cooked beef (as well as by coal fires and too much sex). We might as well suggest that current American military zeal is a consequence of that nation's love of fast food - in which case, an infantryman's widow would probably have a law-suit against the nearest burger outlet. And if anyone is tempted to believe in an automatic link between protein and aggression, don't forget that Hitler was a vegetarian.
Still, we continue to know and approve what Conrad is advocating: simplicity; conscientiousness; eating to live rather than living to eat. At the gastric heart of many of us there lingers a rural fantasy of self-sufficiency: that little cottage in a sheltered valley with a vegetable patch and some chickens, where you would live and eat according to the true cycle of the seasons, digging, planting, harvesting, cooking, consuming; producing enough for your own needs and a small surplus for barter.
It could still be done, more or less, in Conrad's day. His great friend Ford Madox Ford had just such a life after the first world war. He shared a cottage in West Sussex called Red Ford with the Australian painter Stella Bowen, and wrote about the experience with both lyricism and unsentimentality. They had a goat and a pig, and a boy to help with the digging, and - Ford being Ford - there were grand, madcap schemes way beyond his capabilities: one was to breed disease-free potatoes, another to discover "the philosopher's stone of agriculture", a method of "wastelessly administering nutriment to plants".
He was also lord of the kitchen. In her autobiography, Drawn from Life, Bowen described Ford as "one of the great cooks". He was also "utterly reckless with the butter and reduced the kitchen to the completest chaos. When he cooked, one kitchen-maid was hardly sufficient to wait upon him. But he did not mind how much trouble he took, and he never wasted scraps. Every shred of fat was rendered down, and every cabbage stalk went into the stock-pot, which stood eternally on the living-room fire."
Ford carried on cooking for the rest of his life. On the eve of the next world war, after a literary conference in Boulder, Colorado, he cooked Chevreuil des prés salés as a farewell supper. Among those present was the 20-year-old Robert Lowell. A quarter of a century later, Lowell called it "the best dinner he had ever had". Ford being a great novelist, there was also a serious element of fiction about his preparations. "You never realised," Lowell added, "that the venison was mutton that Ford had cooked."
Philip Larkin believed "Poetry is an affair of sanity", as opposed to what he called (after a phrase from Evelyn Waugh) the "very mad, very holy" school. Cooking too is an affair of sanity - even literally so. Stella Bowen once knew a poet in Montparnasse who had suffered a nervous breakdown and been incarcerated in a clinic. After his release, he lived in a room overlooking the street, opposite a boulangerie. The poet dated his recovery from the moment when, gazing out of his window, he saw a woman going in to buy bread. He felt, he told Bowen, "unutterably envious of the interest she was taking in the choosing of a loaf".
That's what it's about. You choose a loaf. You are reckless with the butter. You reduce the kitchen to chaos. You try not to waste scraps. You feed your friends and family. You sit around a table engaged in the irreducible social act of sharing food with others. For all the cavils and caveats, Conrad was right. It is a moral act. It is an affair of sanity. Let him have the last word. "The intimate influence of conscientious cookery," he wrote, "promotes the serenity of mind, the graciousness of thought, and that indulgent view of our neighbour's failings which is the only genuine form of optimism. Those are its titles to our reverence."
Actually, I've one or two cavils about this, too, but - there's something boiling over. I must go. I have an idle feast to prepare. | <urn:uuid:72eb89aa-a09f-46f0-b34b-8ba38a8fa908> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theguardian.com/books/2003/jun/14/julianbarnes.houseandgarden | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.980262 | 2,036 | 2.171875 | 2 |
If one were to describe the way the Greek government handles the migrant inflow with one picture, this would be it.
Families of hapless migrants with nowhere to go camp out at Omonoia Square in Athens. After all, the poster on the department store welcomes them to Greece, a country that also seems to be going nowhere.
The clever, bleeding-heart slogan of Alexis Tsipras, “We will not allow Greece to become a warehouse of souls” seems to be just that, one of the many he uttered, devoid of meaning and sincerity. Empty words by the head of an administration empty of will, ideas and ethics, trapped in the nowhere land between sheer incompetence and outdated political obsession.
The reality is that the Greek government did next to nothing for the well-being of the thousands of migrants who landed on its shores in the past year. It was mostly the kindness of ordinary Greeks and legitimate NGOs and charities that kept the migrants alive and hoping.
As for Omonoia Square, once the commerce center of the capital, nowadays serves as a makeshift camp for irregular migrants.
For those who want to see what Omonoia Square looked like in the not so distant past, here is a picture from the 1980-1990 period.
(The recent picture of Omonoia Square is courtesy of Proto Thema website) | <urn:uuid:596da2ea-71c2-410e-b360-654e7c1138f3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://greekreporter.com/2016/06/09/a-picture-worth-1000-words-about-the-migrant-crisis-in-greece/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.955642 | 280 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Bald Eagle Shooting
$5,000 Reward for Information on Shooting
A bald eagle calling. Photo: Dr. Thomas G. Barnes, University of Kentucky for USFWS.
Permitted use provided by: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
JACKSON – The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks (MDWFP) are investigating the shooting of a bald eagle in Neshoba County, Mississippi.
A reward of up to $5,000 is being offered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Humane Society of the United States, and the Humane Society Wildlife Land Trust for information that leads to the arrest and conviction of the person or persons responsible for the shooting.
The bald eagle was discovered on the Nanih Waiya Wildlife Management Area near the Coy Community in Neshoba County. The investigation revealed the eagle was shot between the dates of December 1-9, 2012. Due to its injuries, the eagle could not have flown far from where it was shot. X-rays performed on the eagle confirmed that it had multiple shot shell pellet wounds in the wings, leg, and eye. The bald eagle had to be euthanized due to its severe injuries.
Bald eagles are protected by the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act and the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, both federal and state wildlife statutes. Violations of these statutes carry maximum criminal penalties of up to $100,000 and/or one year in federal prison.
Anyone with information concerning this eagle is asked to contact the USFWS’s Jackson Office of Law Enforcement at 601-331-0292 or call the MDWFP Law Enforcement Bureau at 601-432-2074.
The mission of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is working with others to conserve, protect, and enhance fish, wildlife, plants, and their habitats for the continuing benefit of the American people. We are both a leader and trusted partner in fish and wildlife conservation, known for our scientific excellence, stewardship of lands and natural resources, dedicated professionals, and commitment to public service. For more information on our work and the people who make it happen, visit www.fws.gov. Connect with our Facebook page at www.facebook.com/usfwssoutheast, follow our tweets at www.twitter.com/usfwssoutheast, watch our YouTube Channel at http://www.youtube.com/usfws and download photos from our Flickr page at http://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwssoutheast.
Brad Rabalais, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, firstname.lastname@example.org, 601-331-0292
Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks, 601-432-2074
Photo: Dr. Thomas G. Barnes, University of Kentucky for USFWS. | <urn:uuid:38ec37fa-aa45-4d96-b27e-dd908665ff65> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.outdoorchannel.com/article.aspx?genre=0&id=13384&articletype=article | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988725470.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183845-00075-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922674 | 611 | 2.21875 | 2 |
SEMINOLE COUNTY, Fla. - A new indoor training facility for the Seminole County Sheriff’s Office is now operational to make sure its deputies are ready for anything.
Split-second decisions are sometimes all they get. It could be a traffic stop to an active shooter situation. Law enforcement officers must be trained to act and react with the right amount of force. When it comes to non-lethal force, officers must decide when to use a taser.
In one demonstration, the suspect wasn’t armed but ready for combat. Off the mat, officers can pull in vehicles to practice traffic stops. It’s a dialogue that can escalate if a driver doesn’t listen to commands and pulls out a weapon. The officer must shield themselves and take aim.
In an active shooter demonstration, a responding officer heard gunfire. The officer then moves through a structure to look around walls for the gunman. It’s all about training for the unknown and being ready for the worst.
Officials said having a facility like this takes it a step above simulators and increases their preparedness for when deputies have to respond under pressure in real life.
It’s a daily test that they encounter while keeping the community safe. | <urn:uuid:5a4eddf1-1b41-4bc7-adfc-f2f46dbedbb1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fox35orlando.com/news/behind-the-scenes-of-the-new-seminole-county-sheriffs-office-training-facility | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.935932 | 255 | 1.609375 | 2 |
I love the way certain phrases, sounds, and words add up to a special family vocabulary. I’m pretty sure my kids think I don’t know the word “head” because I only ever call it by the Yiddish word keppe (especially when I’m giving it a kiss!). My husband’s go-to name for a pretend person is Chaim Yankel. My son has taken to calling me Ima instead of Mommy because it feels more special to him. All of these together create our own unique family language.
If you’re looking to add a few Jewish words to your family’s lexicon, look no further than this list, featuring my absolute favorite Jewish words.
1. Schlep (Yiddish)
This is the perfect word for parenting. When you have babies you suddenly come into a lot of stuff: strollers, baby carriers, high-chairs, diaper bags (and all that stuff you put in them), baby food makers, toys, cribs, swings…the list goes on. And when you have to move all that kid stuff around, that’s schlepping.
To schlep is to go a great distance that’s a bit out of your way, usually carrying something cumbersome and sometimes unnecessary. Used like, “Dance class? It’s such a schlep and by the time we get there, I’ve always forgotten the ballet slippers at home!”
2. Shayna Punim (Yiddish)
I know, I know, it’s two words. This phrase means “pretty face” (shayna=pretty, punim=face) and it’s what my grandma always used to call me. It makes me think of my grandparents, and it always made me feel special. I’ve started using it with my kids and it just makes me so happy to think about using the language of my grandparents and great-grandparents.
3. Balegan (Hebrew)
It means mess, but it also can be used to mean…well…a shitshow. Used in the phrase, “Eizeh balegan!” (what a mess!). Perfect for the bedroom that looks like a tornado just ran through it, the toddler covered in cream cheese or spaghetti sauce, the floor covered in the sesame seeds that have been methodically scraped off of the preschooler’s bagel, or even just the hoops we jump through to figure out after school childcare for our kiddos.
4. Meshuganeh (Yiddish)
This Yiddish word for crazy is perfect for lots of situations. From the chaos of a family vacation to the insanity of a Brooklyn playground at 3:45 p.m., it’s easy to call things meshuganeh. Someone even created Mashuga Nutz, which was even referenced in a “Friends” episode!
5. Capara (Ladino)
This Ladino word is new to my lexicon. My college roommate’s family is originally from Turkey, and not only did they teach me about bunuelos and biscochos, but also this amazing word: capara. It’s one of those words with no direct translation, but I used it the other day when I shattered our coffee pot all over the tile kitchen floor. It’s a combination of “it could be worse” and “forget it happened/nothing bad happened here.” Perfect for a house with young children!
6. Tachlis (Hebrew)
This word is such a part of my daily language that I find myself explaining it to friends constantly. It refers to the essence of something—basically, breaking it down to its component parts. The opposite of big-picture vision, tachlis is about how we actually get the basic, day-to-day work done.
7. Chutzpah (Yiddish)
Chutzpah is all about guts, strength, and, well… balls. It could easily be swapped into the phrase: “I can’t believe you had the balls to do that.” It implies audacity, risk, and confidence. But chutzpah can also get you in trouble. Having too much chutzpah isn’t always a good thing, and it’s important to find the right balance.
8. Mishpacha/Ima/Abba/Savta/Saba (Hebrew)
I know, I’m cheating. There are five words above. But they’re all related! Mishpacha is family, Ima is mom, Abba is dad, Savta is grandma, and Saba is grandpa. These Hebrew words are all about family relationships, and it’s nice to know the component parts of your mishpacha. If you teach your kid Ima, you’ll know when they’re shouting for you from a crowded room of other kids yelling “Mom!”
9. Schmutz (Yiddish)
Anything from a little dirt on your kid’s knees to the strange gunk on the ground outside your apartment that you really really, really don’t want know what it is can qualify as schmutz. Usually schmutz means something unidentifiable, rather than what’s left on the baby’s face after eating strawberries (because duh, it’s strawberries). It’s another great word for kids. Why, you might ask? Because our kids are always, constantly, inevitably, covered in schmutz. Really, how do they get so dirty?
10. Kvell (Yiddish)
We couldn’t have this list without our favorite word and namesake. To kvell is to burst with pride, like over your child. Sometimes kvelling is bragging, but other times it’s just that feeling of overwhelming love that you get when you see what your child can do. There’s nothing better than a good kvell. | <urn:uuid:9390bd53-2334-4b2e-bf4d-738b46d26274> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kveller.com/article/top-10-jewish-words-to-teach-your-kids/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.932528 | 1,304 | 1.757813 | 2 |
- Depression affects 5% to 8% of adults in the USA
- About 25 million Americans will have at least one episode of depression every year
- Depression prevalence among teen girls is almost 3 times that of teen boys
- Undiagnosed depression often leads to drug and/or alcohol abuse
What is Depression?
Depression is a mental disorder categorized by intense feelings of low self-esteem, loss of interest in daily activities, and persistent sadness. Depression is also called major depression, major depressive disorder (MDD), and clinical depression.
The causes of depression are not fully known or understood by doctors. There can be many causes including brain chemistry, hormones, life events, unresolved trauma, and inherited genetic traits.
Types of Depression
- Intense sadness
- Inability to concentrate
- Loss of interest in daily activities
- Changes in eating and sleeping habits
- Thoughts of suicide
- Symptoms are similar to MDD, but symptoms are mild and depression is long term (2+ years)
- Symptoms last a few weeks but do not meet all the criteria to qualify for MDD
- Combination of MDD symptoms and a psychotic episode including delusions and/or hallucinations
- Symptoms of MDD affecting nearly 10% to 15% of women in the USA after they give birth
- MDD symptoms during the winter months that gradually gets better during spring and summer
- Categorized by extreme, cycling mood changes ranging from extreme highs to extreme lows
Most people will occasionally feel sad or upset during their lifetimes. That is normal. However, constant, intense, and severe feelings of depression are not normal and may signify undiagnosed depression. How can you tell if someone you love is depressed? Common behavioral signs of depression include sleeping more than usual, change in eating habits leading to weight loss or weight gain, and complete lack of interest in favorite activities. There are also physical ailments associated with depression.
Physical Symptoms of Depression:
- Muscle aches and pains
- Extreme fatigue
- Change in sleeping and eating habits
- Intense sadness
Depression Treatment for Teens at Inspirations Teen Rehab
Our depression treatment program for teens is unique because we offer a smaller, residential environment where teenagers can learn to just be themselves. We will treat your teenager for depression, and for any drug or alcohol addictions. We offer both short and long term inpatient treatment for teens. Our long term program also includes schooling and tutoring services, so teens won’t miss out on their educations. If you think you may be depressed, call us now for a free consultation. Our knowledgeable staff will answer all of your questions! (888) 757-6237 | <urn:uuid:1e119ceb-3079-4d90-a25d-52389e3d094f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.inspirationsyouth.com/depression/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00165-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94119 | 551 | 3.25 | 3 |
As a professional in the skin care industry, it is your responsibility to make people feel good and to know things; mostly, things about skin, facial treatments, massage and ingredients. Here are some skin science 101 facts to remember and convey to clients.
There are more than 300 theories about why skin ages. The most prevalent and accepted in the scientific community is the theory of oxidation, which suggests that oxygen by-products known as reactive oxygen species (ROS), including free radicals, are the main culprits in aging. Almost all skin care resources are replete with explanations about how free radicals are bad for the skin because they accelerate aging, and how the sun increases skin aging, because the sun is the main source of free radicals. Here are some additional facts related to the theory of oxidative aging that may be less commonly known.
- Inflammation is another major source of free radicals. Because of this, reducing inflammation will decelerate aging. Inflammation can be reduced by incorporating anti-inflammatory ingredients in your clients’ skin care routine, and by avoiding excessive inflammation-inducing treatments, such as peels.1
- Antioxidants, whether natural or synthetic, are the best defense against oxidants. Different types of antioxidants work through different mechanisms of action: some prevent the formation of free radicals; some neutralize existing free radicals; and others increase the skin’s defense mechanisms. As a result, combinations of antioxidants are more therapeutically effective than individual antioxidants.2
What about the penetration of ingredients? This is a particularly two-sided topic. Various so-called controversial ingredients, such as parabens, propylene glycol, sodium laurel sulfates and phtalates, are nefarious because they must penetrate to the cellular level; however, many professionals and clients don’t believe products are effective if the active ingredients do not penetrate the skin to get where they need to go.
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It is important to review the three layers of skin.
Epidermis. This is the top layer of the skin that contains corneocytes, meratinocytes and melanocytes, the cells responsible for melanin.
Dermis. This layer maintains the mechanical properties of the skin and serves as the water reservoir of the skin, thanks to the extracellular matrix. The dermis contains fibroblasts, collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid.
Hypodermis. This layer is loose tissue containing collagen and extracellular matrix, as well as adipocytes that form clusters that store fat.
The stratum corneum is the layer of skin overlaying the epidermis. It is a complex layer that is composed of nondividing cells embedded in a live environment. Because it is the uppermost layer of the epidermis, its penetration is not as questionable as, for example, penetration to the dermis of ingredients said to activate collagen and elastin production. And a healthier and stronger stratum corneum will better protect the epidermis, which will make a difference in its health and appearance.
With the development of new technologies, and the continued growth of the medical esthetics segment, it is common for day spa clients to ask therapists about laser treatments and the latest fat-melting techniques. Although all of these questions should be referred to a medical professional, here are a few things to keep in mind.
Lasers and light-emitting devices (LED). Not all LEDs are lasers. Indeed, in order to be a laser, the light being emitted by the device has to be of a single wavelength (monochromatic), coherent and collimated. An intense pulsed light (IPL) device, for example, is not a laser, because its light is not of a single wavelength.
Fat-melting. Yes, there is such a thing as fat-melting. Since the emergence of fractionated resurfacing, this may be the most significant breakthrough in medical devices. Some brands claim to be able to get rid of stubborn fat through cryolipolysis, or the freezing of fat.
Although these treatments are typically performed in a medical setting, numerous traditional skin care treatments can be combined with these for optimal therapeutic results.
The reality of retail
As a skin care professional, it is your responsibility to educate and treat clients, and to enhance their wellness. Part of the latter responsibility lies in making sure they leave your skin care facility with a regimen of at-home care—whether that includes skin care products, body products, vitamins or supplements—that will potentiate and enhance the benefits of the treatments they have received in your facility. The science described in this article should help you make the optimal retail recommendations. For example, if your client’s skin is reactive and inflamed, explaining the benefits of anti-inflammatory products, including their anti-aging effect is ideal. Further, focus on the need to complement slimming treatments, such as fat-melting, with proper exercise and the right topical product to ensure higher satisfaction among your clients. Overall, every additional nugget of knowledge enables you to not only be a better therapist, but also to be a more successful salesperson.
The ultimate purpose
No matter how important science is to skin care, and to the skin care industry as a whole, your ultimate purpose is to make your clients feel better. Look better, yes, but ultimately the mission of the skin care industry goes beyond looks. It is as crucial as ever to remind clients to take care of themselves, and to encourage them to disconnect and de-stress
1. MA Dibon, Inflammation and Aging, GCI magazine, 179(4) 48–49 (Mar 2011)
2. Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in skin aging: environmental and adaptative factors, Reviews on Environmental Health 13(3) 147–168 (1998)
Ada Polla is the president, CEO and co-creator of the Swiss antioxidant skin care line Alchimie Forever. She has professional consulting experience and product management expertise in the medical device industry. Polla was a founding member and is the treasurer of the Washington Spa Alliance, contributes to numerous magazines, and frequents leading universities and industry conferences as a guest speaker. She was featured on the cover of Business Week Small Biz and was a nominee for the Emerging Entrepreneur of the Year award for Entrepreneur magazine. | <urn:uuid:31c8d00b-1231-4f72-94d6-eaa7a453a2e5> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.skininc.com/treatments/equipment/128607628.html?page=3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719136.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00467-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938775 | 1,338 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Study Subject: Remote Sensing and GIS
Employer: Africa Rice Center
The Post?Doctoral Fellow will be based at the temporary headquarters of Africa Rice in Cotonou, Benin and will work under the supervision of the Program 2 Leader. She or he will be responsible for:
- Evaluating and applying methodologies for mapping the distribution of rice in different
ecosystems in Africa using remote sensing, GIS and national statistics;
- The development, validation and application of innovative approaches to map abiotic and biotic stress distribution in rice production systems in Africa;
- Performing spatial analysis in a GIS environment to identify suitable areas for adoption of stress?tolerant varieties by combining remote sensing obtained maps and survey data;
-Prepare presentations and publish research results in peer?reviewed journals.
- Developing research proposals, and
- Undertaking any other duties as requested by the Program 2 Leader.
Scholarship Application Deadline: 15 February 2011 or until the position is filled.
More Scholarship Information and Application | <urn:uuid:60cbab29-65f2-4bbf-a11d-94ab83f8f824> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.studyandscholarships.com/2011/02/postdoctoral-fellowship-in-remote.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00549-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.881088 | 215 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Photo: Lance Bellers
The last session of the STEPS Symposium on Credibility Across Cultures was promising. Its focus on “power, plurality and uncertainty” promised to shed light on how to open up expert advice, improve the governance of the science and technology decision-making process and engage with the wider public, all recurrent themes throughout the two day event.
The presence of some surprise participants - a group of students concerned with the current wave of privatisation and its impact on education - gave further resonance to speakers’ calls for opening up expert advice and allow questions to be asked by all voices. Don’t get me wrong: the debate was not about privatisation either at the University of Sussex or within the wider education system in the UK. But the participation of newcomers to the high-level discussions on scientific advice for sustainability offered an interesting curtain raiser to explore power and the role of social movements in widening a debate that has mainly taken place in closed circles of scientists and policy-makers.
When faced with uncertainty, power and plurality matters, Professor Andy Stirling, STEPS Centre co-director, reminded the audience.
Despite many efforts to strengthen scientific methods, social movements are key in making space for all these voices to be heard. Indeed, power does not necessarily lie with politicians. “Social movements play an important part, especially in the long view, as illustrated with the 1970’s environmental movement which played a key part in changing the framing,” said Susan Owens, Professor of Environment and Policy at the University of Cambridge.
Earlier in the day, Professor Lidia Brito, Director of Science Policy, at UNESCO, had emphasised that ‘S’ should stand for society rather than science. Connections between science and society are crucial if fruitful engagement with policy is to be achieved, she explained: “If scientists question a lot, society does it even better”.
But governing S&T and ensuring that all voices are heard remains a sticky issue both within global structures for scientific advice such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and at national level. In the UK, for example, the quest for good governance of technoscience is not new, as Prof Owens pointed out. New and emerging technologies require scrutiny beyond technical assessments to gauge their social and environmental impacts. Concerns about the disposal of nuclear radioactive waste, health impacts of nanotechnology and, more recently, geoengineering and fracking, have all highlighted major governance issues.
|fracking, labour party conf 2012|
by manchesterfoe on Flickr (by-nc-sa)
Indeed, deliberation in public, and public deliberation, have different takes on opening up. Key questions need to be asked to clearly identify who the process is being open to, what you engage with and at what stage the process is being open: all of which trigger different answers with very different models of public engagement.
Rather than narrowly focusing on risks, a key step is to encompass different views of both benefits and dangers and provide direction and application and control of technologies. Furthermore technology assessments and political processes must go in tandem to consider meaningful insights from new guests, including “uninvited participants”, to avoid an expert/public divide.
Scrutiny about the role of money and power in constructing expertise and the potential impacts of the privatisation and corporatisation of science is also needed, said Dr Suman Sahai, the Delhi-based convenor of GeneCampaign. Already well-informed younger generations are questioning S&T because of the lack of transparency and participation of the decision process, she said.
All these of issues need to be tackled, and with some urgency, if credibility is to be maintained across and within cultures.
To view resources, video, commentary and slides from the event, visit the Symposium page on the STEPS Centre website. | <urn:uuid:36e9f4ff-b728-4527-8d73-092887ea7456> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://stepscentre-thecrossing.blogspot.com/2013/02/steps-symposium-2013-s-is-for-society.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00023-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942689 | 797 | 1.960938 | 2 |
EFFECT OF BASIC MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS ON CONSTRUCTION WORKFORCE PRODUCTIVITY
1.1 Background of the study
The construction industry plays an important role in the development of the economy of the country. Construction industry is an area influenced by many different factors such as labor, material, equipment and construction methods etc. Among these factors, human resources come first without which, other resources would not be utilized or transformed into productive use. Any improvement in labor productivity would contribute a great deal to the improvement of the overall productivity as identified by Hashim (1995). The motivation concept is generally defined as a composition of powers and mechanisms which help to direct human behavior in a desired manner, or with a more specific context it is described as the all convincing and encouraging actions which help workers fulfill their tasks willingly and to come closer to project objectives. Motivation of the labor force is of paramount importance because the quality of human performance at the workplace depends largely upon motivation. That is, higher motivation brings higher productivity which is suggested by Kazaz et al (2008). According to most researchers there is a positive relationship between motivation and productivity. This means that when motivation increases, a rise in productivity is also expected. This reflects the belief that an increased motivation level causes an increase in productivity. Achieving the results demands that an adequate quality of inputs is provided in this first place and improved construction workforce productivity means a better input and this it will help contractors to be more competent and reliable whilst executing their jobs. The construction sector has a strategic role in all developed and developing countries. Employing more than 7 % of Nigerian’s workforce, this sector is the largest industrial employer on the country (Proverbs et al. 1999). In the US, construction industry accounts for about 14 % of the gross national product and some 8 % of total employment (Thieblot 2002). Similar to them, the sector in Turkey has a share of 4.6 % in the gross national product and 5.3 % in total employment. In addition, the employment share of construction among industrial sectors (which is a real indicator of a country’s development level) is about 27 % (SIS 2005). As can be comprehended from these macro level data, the industry possesses a strong and particular structure all over the world as compared with manufacturing industry. Variations in the construction labor productivity can naturally make a great impact on national economy and productivity, since the sector also augments production capacity of its dependent sub-sectors that are more than 200. If the subsectors procuring inputs for the industry are considered together in Nigeria, the share of construction in the gross national product rises to approximately 33 %, while it includes some 15 % in total employment (SIS 2005). However, construction workforce especially in developing countries is not seen as an important input, although project labor generally make up the most variable and the largest percentage of total project costs. Due to this high cost of labor, labor cost control is a very important function for profitability in the industry. Despite the fact that these costs change with the type of projects in a broad range, site workers typically account for up to 40 % of the direct capital cost in large construction projects. The labor cost component of electrical and mechanical works also represents 40–60 % of their final cost. Therefore, labor-intensive industries such as construction are considered under high-risk by contractors due to the relatively high labor component, and, thus, any reduction in this wastage presents enormous potential for the increased efficiency. The present situation of the industry makes productivity improvement imperative to the sector. Industry is better characterized by traditional or manual methods and hard labor conditions, besides a low productivity. Labor-intensive technology, on the other hand, requires much more diligence and insight than equipment-intensive construction process, and, thus, labor resource becomes a more important input in the production phase. Moreover, production-related inactivity is not nearly as intuitively obvious in a labor-intensive project and the solutions of the inactivity are not easily found. It means that it is easy for a contractor to be lulled into a false sense of accomplishment, when the crews are all working. Residential and commercial construction is labor-intensive as compared to industrial and heavy constructions tendin to be capital-intensive. In the same way, renovation or retrofitting work, by its own nature, requires a higher labor/capital ratio than the new construction. As in most developing countries, a great portion of the construction labor also comes from farming in Nigeria, and they work both seasonal and contingent on the need for specific skills in a project. The productivity of this type of workers whose abilities and socio-cultural backgrounds vary in a wide spectrum is naturally affected by many factors. Poor productivity of craftsmen was quoted as one of the most daunting human resource problems in developing countries by Olomolaiye et al. (1987) and Kaming et al. (1997). Frequently construction labor efficiency was cited as poor in the US as well (Adrian 1987). According to Thieblot (2002), the reason for this situation is that the industry has rarely been able to have what would be considered normal labor relations and policies. Furthermore, managers may not always consider the factors that can affect the productivity of manpower. The productivity risk factor has also a strong impact on the project duration. Namely, poor labor productivity probably causes time overruns in construction projects (Kazaz, Ulubeyli 2004). The population of the workers compared to the whole workforce of a nation is significant. Anything done to the employees could either make or mar the quality of their work, the speed of progress, the economy of the country and the social well-being of the workers. It follows from the foregoing therefore that workers should be well motivated for high performance and for the production of good quality products. However, despite this significant role the industry plays in the Nigerian national economy, the performance has not been impressive. Eldin and Egger (1990) noted that construction productivity has been declining steadily in spite of the rising cost and large labor intensive nature of construction projects around the world. The decline in the workers’ performance causes the failure of the building industry to deliver projects timely with the obvious consequences of cost overrun. Labor productivity according to Akindele (2003) is defined as labor output per day (man-day). This is often reduced by delayed, unclear or inadequate instructions, provision of poor tools and equipment, unbalanced work gangs, use of working method, lack of incentives, and failure to delegate authority from senior to lower level supervisors (Heap 1987). The productivity of individuals, which in turn affects the productivity of a company, is a very important parameter to watch as it measures a company’s competitive power. It is an indicator of a firm’s profit margin, a measure of the firm’s survival in business, a yardstick for remuneration of employees, and a means of recognition of hard work.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Workers leave organization due to the fact that they are not motivated enough. Some are not willing to leave because they are enjoying some benefit in terms of promotion, which leads to increase in salaries and wages, bonus and some other incentives. The workers of construction firms prefer financial incentives to non financial incentives ,more especially the junior workers ,due to the fact that such incentives are not used as a motivational technique, the company have the problem and challenges of retention of their employees. Hence low performance and productivity becomes the end result and finally work dissatisfaction. It is in view of this that the researcher intends to investigate effect of basic motivational factors on construction workforce productivity.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main objective of this study is effect of basic motivational factors on construction workforce productivity. But for the successful completion of the study; the researcher intends to achieve the following sub-objectives;
1. To ascertain if motivation lead to higher performance and productivity
2. To find out the problem hindering the success of the employees motivation in the construction company
3. To investigate the motivational techniques adopted by the construction company
4. Investigate the relationship between basic motivational factors and workers performance
1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
For the successful completion of the study, the following research hypotheses were formulated by the researcher;
H0:there are no basic factors that lead to higher performance and productivity of workers in a construction firm.
H1:there are basic factors that lead to higher performance and productivity of workers in a construction firm
H02:there is no significant relationship between factors that motivate workers and workers performance and productivity in the construction firm.
H2:there is a significant relationship between factors that motivate workers and workers performance and productivity in the construction firm.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
It is believed that at the completion of the study, the findings will be of benefit to the federal ministry of works and workers. It will help to know the basic factors that motivate workers to higher performance and productivity. The study will also be of great benefit to the researchers who intends to embark on research on similar topics as it will serve as a guide. Finally, the study will be of great importance to academia’s, lecturers, teachers, students and the general public.
1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study covers effect of basic motivational factors on construction workforce productivity. In the course of the study, the researcher encounters some constrain which limited the scope of the study;
a) AVAILABILITY OF RESEARCH MATERIAL:The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study
b) TIME:The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.
c)Organizational privacy: Limited Access to the selected auditing firm makes it difficult to get all the necessary and required information concerning the activities
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
EFFECT: A change which is a result or consequence of an action or other cause.
MOTIVATIONAL: Motivation is a theoretical construct used to explain behavior. It gives the reason for people's actions, desires, and needs. Motivation can also be defined as one's direction to behavior or what causes a person to want to repeat a behavior and vice versa.
FACTOR: A constituent or element that brings about certain effects or results, or indicates a specific multiple, number, or quantity.
CONSTRUCTION: Clearing, dredging, excavating, and grading of land and other activity associated with buildings, structures, or other types of..
WORKFORCE: Workforce group is a diversified Human Capital, Outsourcing and Business Consulting Firm, with expertise in Staffing, Recruitment, Training and Assessment.
PRODUCTIVITY: Productivity describes various measures of the efficiency of production. A productivity measure is expressed as the ratio of output to inputs used in a production process, i.e. output per unit of input.
1.8 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY
This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows
Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance or the study, scope and limitation, definition of terms and historical background of the study. Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature. Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study. Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding. Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study.EFFECT OF BASIC MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS ON CONSTRUCTION WORKFORCE PRODUCTIVITY | <urn:uuid:86600b50-8d72-480c-a8ae-da266ac48a5d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.grossarchive.com/project/9540/effect-of-basic-motivational-factors-on-construction-workforce-productivity | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.938886 | 2,441 | 2.5 | 2 |
The Applied Mathematics major focuses on applying math to real-life scenarios and industries. Students learn how to use mathematical concepts for problem-solving and decision making in a variety of environments. Courses include:
- Patterns, Relationships and Number Concepts
- Linear Algebra
- Complex Variables
- Data and Chance
Graduates have the foundation for a broad range of positions in business, industry, government and education. Almost every branch of the Federal Government employs Mathematics majors. Many graduates also continue their studies through graduate, law or medical school.
For more information: Applied Mathematics | <urn:uuid:2617dd07-bd9a-4879-b15d-6c7bc24fed11> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://admissions.web.baylor.edu/degrees/applied-mathematics | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.908091 | 122 | 2.640625 | 3 |
jessi, a 13 year old female from San Francisco asks on January 2, 2004,I have more than one question: Does Coffee work better for females or males? Does Coffee work better for younger people or older people? Does coffee work better for people who drink coffee regularly or the people who don't?
viewed 14711 times
There is very probably little difference in the way coffee works on men or women. Rather, dominant factors would be body size and weight, and also genetic predisposition.
Update January 2009: A 2008 study in Barcelona of 688 university students claims that coffee affects men more than women. However, this is based on subjective self-administered tests after drinking espresso coffee and the differences are not great. In some cases the difference is not greater than the margin of error for the experiment. You can see the results at the journal Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry Vol 32, Issue 7, p. 1698.
Dose or efficacy (the way a drug works) for any drug is based on the weight of the person. The bigger the person, the more caffeine (coffee) they need.
Some people are going to be affected more strongly than others just because of the variability in people. Just like some people have bigger noses, also some people are more sensitive to caffeine.
Caffeine on average is probably "better" or safer for young adults rather than old people because it can cause heart and other problems in old people. Children should not take too much caffeine. It is addictive. People get addicted to caffeine and their bodies get "tolerant" which means after a while it takes more caffeine to get the desired effect. So people who don't use coffee regularly will feel the effect more from a single dose, than people who use it regularly.
By the way, all these facts apply to tea or coca cola, or any drink that contains caffeine, not just coffee. Find out more about caffeine at the Health Canada website.
Note: All submissions are moderated prior to posting.
If you found this answer useful, please consider making a small donation to science.ca. | <urn:uuid:4b06e73d-3177-49ba-a67e-1fda113958f8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.science.ca/askascientist/viewquestion.php?qID=1772&-table=activities&-action=list&-cursor=0&-skip=0&-limit=30&-mode=list&-lang=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00192-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955109 | 441 | 2.375 | 2 |
In an extraordinary move on the day before the US Senate’s Christmas recess, two Democrats sided with right-wing Republicans to introduce the so-called NICA Act, which if passed would require the US government to veto loans from international financial institutions to Nicaragua. While it is still a long way from becoming law, the bill suddenly looks like a more serious threat to that country’s social progress.
Republican Congresswoman Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, long hostile to progressive governments in Latin America, originally sponsored the bill. It wasn’t surprising when it got support from other right-wingers like Senators Ted Cruz and Marco Rubio. But now Senators Leahy (D-VT) and Durbin (D-IL), who have both been prominent in challenging US support for the right-wing government in neighbouring Honduras, have put their names to the NICA Act too.
Why is it being promoted? Ever since the former guerrilla leader Daniel Ortega won election for a new term as president of Nicaragua in 2006, he’s faced renewed hostility from the United States, even though of a much softer form than was the case during the Contra war of the 1980s. His opponents focus continually on his supposed grip on power, especially after the courts overturned a constitutional ban on presidents running for second and subsequent turns of office. Their frustration intensified when his wife Rosario Murillo became his vice-president after the last national elections, even though she has been a key figure in the government from the start. Most recently, his critics focussed their attention on the arrangements for last November’s municipal elections, in which Sandinista mayors were returned in most towns and cities. It was because of the supposed bias in the electoral process that the proposed NICA Act was conceived, and which it was intended to address.
The timing and purpose of the Senate’s support for the bill are both curious. First, the municipal elections are over, the results were unsurprising and the Organisation of American States, who observed the polls, concluded that the outcome was fair even though they had various recommendations for improving the electoral process (since accepted by the government). Second, the real electoral scandal in Central America is in Honduras, where all the criticisms which Cruz directs at Nicaragua apply in spades, because the November election there is widely regarded as a fraud, including by the OAS. This hasn’t, of course, prevented the US government from recognising the outcome because its ally, current president Juan Orlando Hernández, is the beneficiary (and to be fair to Senator Leahy, he has been an active critic of Hernández and the Honduran election.) Third, no one who knows Nicaragua believes that the opposition to the Ortega government would have had any chance in elections anyway: they consistently receive only tiny levels of support in independent opinion polls compared to the government’s two-thirds or higher. Nor has the opposition ever had a credible programme other than its opposition to Ortega: indeed, its own representatives lobbied in Washington in support of the NICA Act, which given freedom of speech in Nicaragua they are allowed to do, but in many countries would have seen them arrested for treason on their return.
Of course, there are political controversies in Nicaragua, not least because of its planned interoceanic canal. Open Democracy has published pieces by Luciana Téllez Chávez, Robert Soutar and others, arguing that the government has become more authoritarian in trying to push the project through, criticisms which I have argued are more to do with a broader frustration with the failure of opposition politics than with the environmental and human rights consequences of the canal itself.
But in any case this is irrelevant to the consequences if the NICA Act became law. It would mean that the US would vote against loans from international financial institutions until Nicaragua has, in the US government’s judgement, taken effective measures to “combat corruption and promote democracy, free speech, civil society and rule of law“. Quite apart from the effrontery and hypocrisy of the US adopting such a role given its stance on Honduras and elsewhere, who knows how long this might take?
How does the Nicaraguan government use the support it gets from international institutions? One example is a current World Bank project that improves access to health services and strengthens land rights. Both the World Bank and IMF, where US officials would vote against future loans, have announced new support packages for 2018 while praising Nicaragua’s effective use of past loans. Apart from specific projects, the Ortega government has uses the budgetary support it receives to reduce poverty, dramatically improve the school system and develop its health services. Its achievements over the last decade are simply undeniable: for example, Nicaragua was one of the first countries in Latin America to achieve the UN millennium development goals for poverty reduction.
Texas Democratic Vicente González was the only member who opposed Ros-Lehtinen’s bill during floor debate. He pointed to the fact that few Nicaraguans migrate to the United States because of its government’s success in tackling poverty, drug smuggling and wider crime, in contrast to the countries between it and the Mexican border. Nicaragua is now one of the safest countries in the hemisphere. “Enacting this bill could have serious consequences in the region,” González said. “How can we in good conscious support a measure that would punish the poorest country in Central America?” | <urn:uuid:d77deaf5-c51b-407d-9b81-40a2c8df0d5c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://twoworlds.me/latin-america/us-senate-launches-attack-on-nicaragua-poverty-programmes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.974186 | 1,123 | 2 | 2 |
National Study Recommends Smoke-Free Apartment Policies
BUFFALO — A majority of Americans who live in multi-unit housing have adopted smoke-free rules in their private homes but millions remain involuntarily exposed to secondhand smoke in this environment, according to a study published in the most recent issue of the American Journal of Public Health. Researchers led by senior investigator Andrew Hyland, PhD, Chair of the Department of Health Behavior at Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI), recommend smoke-free building policies to protect all multiunit residents from secondhand smoke exposure in their homes.
“A vast majority of multi-unit housing residents continue to be exposed to toxic compounds found in secondhand smoke in spite of the adoption of voluntary smoke-free rules for their private homes,” said Dr. Hyland. “This study demonstrates widespread support of the adoption of smoke-free building policies.”
The national study evaluated attitudes, experiences and acceptance of smoke-free policies among residents of multi-unit housing in the United States. Approximately 80 million Americans live in multi-unit housing. Using the results of this study, the researchers estimate that 30 million multi-unit housing residents with smoke-free rules in their homes may still be exposed to tobacco smoke that enters their residence from other areas of the building.
Hyland and colleagues conducted a nationally representative survey of multi-unit housing residents who live in apartments, duplexes, double/multifamily homes, condominiums or town houses was 2010. The study sample included both landline and cell-phone-only users. Overall, 29% reported living in smoke-free buildings. Among all respondents, 56% support the implementation of policies prohibiting smoking in all areas of their building, including living units and common areas.
The study also found that 79% of multiunit housing residents have implemented voluntary smoke-free home rules. Those who have reported having these rules were more likely to be non-smokers, have higher education and live with children. Forty-four percent of those with smoke-free rules at home reported being exposed to secondhand smoke in the past year that originated from smoking in other parts of their buildings.
“Residents of multi-unit housing are particularly susceptible to secondhand smoke exposure from nearby units and shared areas such as hallways,” said lead author Andrea Licht, MS, a doctoral student with the Department of Social and Preventive Medicine at the University at Buffalo. “These residents are trying to protect their families from the dangers of secondhand smoke by not allowing smoking in their homes and would welcome policies that support that goal.”
The publication, “Attitudes, Experiences, and Acceptance of Smoke-Free Polices Among U.S. Multi-unit Housing Residents” can be found at http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/abs/10.2105/AJPH.2012.300717.
The mission of Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) is to understand, prevent and cure cancer. RPCI, founded in 1898, was one of the first cancer centers in the country to be named a National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center and remains the only facility with this designation in Upstate New York. The Institute is a member of the prestigious National Comprehensive Cancer Network, an alliance of the nation’s leading cancer centers; maintains affiliate sites; and is a partner in national and international collaborative programs. For more information, visit RPCI’s website at www.roswellpark.org, call 1-877-ASK-RPCI (1-877-275-7724) or email email@example.com.
Annie Deck-Miller, Senior Media Relations Manager | <urn:uuid:39232855-3d6a-4536-b334-9b65028f3f4d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.roswellpark.org/media/news/national-study-recommends-smoke-free-apartment-policies | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720153.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00324-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946043 | 779 | 2.265625 | 2 |
To better understand it, view the Tedx Boston talk "A Picture is Worth 500 Billion Words" by Erez Lieberman Aiden and Jean-Baptiste Michel.
It is quite interesting and still a big imperfect as the uses of words change so dramatically. You can see that in this search (shown in the chart below) I did for the words school, teacher, and principal. Do we now call principals administrators instead? If we do, then administrator is used in many professions and the results won't just show schools.
|Comparing Teacher, Principal, and School and the use of these words in books.|
I also find it fascinating in the chart belowwhere I searched for educational technology, project based learning, differentiated instruction, classroom management, class size.
Here we can see that as we talked about class size in the 1930's we talked about classroom management. In the 1970's and 80's educational technology and class size were common discussions and now we are beginning to talk more about classroom management than educational technology as we talk about class size.
Differentiated instruction and project based learning are barely a blip. We just aren't talking about this. (Sad.)
Finally, I've been curious about the use of the terms PLN, PLE, PLC - note this is only going through books through the year. When you look at the chart, you think that PLC has been winning out until you look at the types of mentions more closely.
The fact is that PLC are programmable logic controllers and their use has blossomed. Be very careful and look to drill down and understand the meaning of terms.
If you take that chart at face value you will make a WRONG analysis. Instead you have to type the terms themselves. Note that we can only search through 2008 or this number may be different. However, if we look at this, we see that personal learning environment is used more widely with personal learning community and personal learning network not even making a blip.
So, you can't take a search at face value.
We are only at the beginning of our analysis. I would like to know, for example, why William Shakespeare was so incredibly popular between 1940 and 1950.
This is a new albeit imperfect literacy but a powerful tool that is now an infant born before your eyes. All types of questions will emerge such as:
- Can we include all ebooks?
- Can we opt in new books so they are automatically included in the results?
- Can you aggregate and compare blogs, news media, and books?
- Can we drill down and include only one genre?
- Could we just use this for research in a certain field, for example?
- Could we aggregate collections?
Researchers, students, teachers, and anyone curious can find all sorts of uses for this incredible new tool. It may challenge your thinking but we are just seeing the beginning of digitization. What happens when paintings are digitized and we can examine trends in the use of color or trends in the use of certain types of materials in art? Topics or themes across art?
The thoughts are limitless but this is a tool I've introduced to my students today. They started by looking up their names and various spellings of their names. | <urn:uuid:86d710e4-0010-4e8a-be3e-b00d5491f9b0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://coolcatteacher.blogspot.com/2011/09/new-authentic-research-frontier-google.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00336-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96747 | 668 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Mathematics is one of the essential emanations of human spirit. It is an important subject for basic Engineering and other Science studies. The subject Mathematics has numerous contributions on designing Mathematical Model of modern Engineering problems. In this context, The Department of Mathematics has been playing an important role since 1968 as an independent Department for offering different courses at undergraduate level in different Engineering Departments at the Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology (CUET). With the help of basic Mathematical knowledge, students are able to understand the logical system in their application sector to tackle the real world problems.
As an independent Department and a part of an Engineering University, the Department of Mathematics committed to continue research in mathematics and its applications. The true success is not in the learning, but in its applications to the benefits of mankind- believing this philosophy, the Department of Mathematics has introduced Master of Philosophy (M. Phil.) program since 2008. The main goal for this program is to produce quality researcher in Mathematics. The Department of Mathematics has a precise plan to introduce Ph.D. program in near future to continue further research in collaboration with other Departments of CUET as well as other Universities in home and abroad. The Department of Mathematics established a sophisticated Simulation Lab supported by the World Bank through the University Grand Commission (UGC) under the project HEQEP (Higher Education Quality Enhancement Project). The Simulation Lab unveils new opportunities for graduate students to carry on their research with modern computational software in Mathematical Modeling and Simulation.
Prof. Dr. Md. Yeakub Ali
Email : firstname.lastname@example.org | <urn:uuid:ba436904-5384-4c01-b3e1-dd66d64a3519> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cuet.ac.bd/dep_math.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00298-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923158 | 326 | 2.03125 | 2 |
March Break – Top 10 Recommended Activities
The March Break is almost upon us and chances are you’re wondering what’s going on for March Break in the Thornhill, Markham, and GTA. Have no fear, I’ve listed a few of my favourite March Break activities and events worth checking to.
1. Reptilia Zoo and Education Centre
Reptilia Zoo and Education Centre – If you’re looking to get out of the cold and expose your children to the mysterious wonders of reptiles, amphibians, and everything slithery, then Reptilia is a must! We enjoy taking the kids here on the weekend. For more on Reptilia click HERE
2. Ontario Science Centre
Ontario Science Centre – Long before STEM Education became popularized, the Ontario Science Center has been promoting lifelong learning with a focus on science and innovation through world-class exhibitions and experiences for children. We recommend the IMAX® Dome Film “Journey to Space” where children will lean about NASA’s exciting plans and the many challenges they must overcome to land astronauts on Mars. For more on the Ontario Science Centre click HERE.
3. David Dunlap Observatory
- David Dunlap Observatory – since we are on the theme of space….another great place to take you children is the David Dunlap Observatory. Families are able to explore the greatness astronomy has to offer via their indoor planetarium. Kids seem to love space and our robotics lesson “Mission to Mars” always produces a lot of smiles! For more information click HERE
4. LEGOLAND Discovery Center Toronto
- LEGOLAND Discovery Center Toronto – We are a lover of all things Lego, especially Lego Robotics, and we know a weekend trip to LegoLand is something your kids will definitely enjoy. To celebrate the launch of The Lego Movie 2, Legoland will be hosting Event Weekends where kids will be able to enjoy a variety of activities including meeting characters, creative builds such as an Escape Vehicle, photo cops and more. For information on Legoland click HERE
5. Toogood Pond Park
- Toogood Pond Park – Located, in Unionville, it is considered #1 of the top 18 things to do in Markham according to TripAdvisor. The pond area is beautiful this time of year and kids playing in and around the walkway. After your stroll, grab a cup of hot chocolate for the kids at any of the quaint restaurants around town. For more information, click HERE
6. Ninjaz Canada
- Ninjaz Canada – worried that your kids might start climbing the walls if they have nothing to do over the March Break? Why not take them to Ninjaz Canada to help them burn off a little energy. Inspired by the popular TV show American Ninja Warrior, Ninjaz Canada has recreated a course that will inspire and challenge kids. For more information on Ninjaz Canada click HERE.
7. York Farmers Market
- York Farmers Market – We’ve been taking our kids to the York Farmers Market ever since we discovered it about 5 years ago. We love going there in the spring when the market features plants and shrubs for sale. With time on your hands over the March break venture on in to check out some of the merchants such as Hansen’s Danish Bakery, Cobs Bakery, Stuart Carroll’s Quality Meats, Reesor’s Organics and Fine Cheese Shop, and many more. To locate the York Farmers Market click HERE.
8. German Mills Settlers Creek Park
German Mills Settlers Creek Park – Located just steps away from our Studio, the park is a wonderful place to take the kids for an adventure walk. A recently completed infrastructure project has improved an already beautiful park. Click HERE for more information.
10. World Of Circus
Wonderful World of Circus – if Ninjaz is a little too far out of the way, give the Wonderful World of Circus a try. They are located just a short distance East of our Studio. Over the summer we got to meet a number of their senior staff and they have amazing programs for kids. They’ve been training and entertaining kids for 23 years and is a real gem. Click HERE for more.
Of course – if you are looking for a camp we have you covered as well. For more information on our exciting March Break robotics, coding, 3D design and printing camps click HERE. | <urn:uuid:0cba9526-db85-4cd6-a3fc-c51c3db045db> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://envisionrobotics.com/march-break-2019/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.924966 | 909 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Heavily regulated industries with lots of regulation compliance rules, such as healthcare and finance services, have found the cloud to be a bridge too far, since they had such strict controls over data, where it resided and how it was protected.
Late last year, Amazon sought to fix that issue with its Amazon Web Services EC2 Dedicated Hosts, which provide dedicated physical servers, along with the management and visibility tools, to ensure a more granular control over which VMs certain applications and data reside.
"EC2 Dedicated Hosts are a good choice for any customer looking to save money by leveraging existing server-bound software license investments within EC2. Dedicated Hosts can also help customers meet compliance and regulatory requirements by giving more flexibility, visibility, and control over the placement of instances on dedicated hardware," says Jim Sherhart, senior product marketing manager at Amazon Web Services.
Some compliance and regulatory requirements require control and visibility over instance placement at the physical host level. In these environments, detailed auditing of changes is also a must. Customers of the Dedicated Hosts can use AWS Config to record all changes to their instances, he adds.
Also, licenses for Windows Server, Oracle databases and other services often require specific servers and time periods, or can only be run on servers with a certain number of sockets or physical cores. Many products, especially databases, have migrated to a per-core license fee. EC2 Dedicated Hosts gives greater control over that.
Because the number of cores is spelled out, EC2 Dedicated Hosts also offers what it calls Bring Your Own Licenses. You can bring your existing server-based licenses for Windows Server, SQL Server, SUSE Linux Enterprise Server and other enterprise systems that were previously used on-premises and run them on the Amazon servers. Dedicated Hosts allows you to match your hosted hardware to the core/socket terms of your license, so it's another way to reduce your dependence on an on-premises system.
Dedicated Hosts can run Windows Server, RHEL, Suse, Amazon Linux, Ubuntu or Windows Server on more than 30 variations of the multiple AWS instance types. Usage can be tracked through AWS Config to verify license and regulatory compliance.
The dedicated hosts run the same EC2 instance types that are available through its default tenancy offering, so there is no difference in terms of CPU, storage, memory and network allocation from the virtual hosts.
A Dedicated Host Reservation price provides customers with a discount of up to 70 percent compared to On-Demand pricing. Good news for tire-kickers, Amazon publishes its dedicated hosting pricing structures.
[Related: VMware turns to IBM in the public cloud]
While Dedicated Hosts will work for customers with compliance issues such as an audit trail or license adherence, it also works against you in that the whole point of public cloud is to scale up and down, notes Tim Crawford, CIO strategic advisor and president of the consultancy AVOA.
"You have to be careful you don’t get sucked into an on-premises version of a public cloud in that you are making an investment that could be pretty costly," he says.
It sounds similar to the bare metal offerings of IBM's Softlayer subsidiary or Rackspace, but it's not. In Amazon's case, the dedicated host still runs the application in an Amazon Machine Image or a Xen virtual machine. You just have greater control over the hardware allocated, and a better audit trail.
While the market may not be too big, in terms of companies dealing with compliance issues, Crawford says "more times than not" he sees firms in those industries using compliance as an "all-encompassing excuse" not to embrace the cloud at all.
"Compliance is only for specific apps and data sets. It doesn’t govern the whole company. When you break down the problem it only governs a specific piece or component of data and only those apps," he says.
The result is compliance hamstringing companies from moving to the cloud. For example, a medical company has to deal with HIPAA. Ok, what about the rest of the firm? Mail, Office, accounting, CRM can all be moved to the cloud. But they aren't breaking down the problem and laying out the workloads and data sets, he notes.
"Let's say 40 percent of the data needs to be governed. Ok, you put a little more security around it. What about the other 60 percent? Go forth and conquer," says Crawford. | <urn:uuid:77f2f4d0-0e8e-4343-a1c3-0d389cd93bd5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cio.com/article/3040518/servers/amazon-targets-compliance-driven-markets.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00206-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942523 | 928 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Toys may be used for a number of educational purposes. Some toys have incidental educational value, while others are known specifically by the moniker of "educational toys." Educational toys are typically built for and used by young children. One could make the argument that an educational toy is actually any toy. Most children are constantly interacting with and learning about the world. This definition is ultimately too broad because one could make the same argument about a rock or a stick as it is not uncommon to see a child play with almost anything nearby.
The difference lies in the child's perception or reality of the toy's value. An educational toy should educate. It should instruct, promote intellectuality, emotional or physical development. An educational toy can teach a child about a particular subject or can help a child develop a particular skill. The key difference is the child's learning and development associated with interacting with the toy.
More toys are designed with the child's education and development in mind today than ever before. As parents and educators grow more sensitive to the real or perceived development needs of children, toy manufacturers seek to manufacture and market to these parents.
Wooden toys which tend to last for a long time serve to maintain interest and durability for the child especially if the toy becomes a favorite....LESS | <urn:uuid:d09dc1e9-c448-4728-b6d1-c61fabf012ca> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mediander.com/connects/12431351/educational-toy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00493-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960094 | 256 | 2.9375 | 3 |
A pod is an obstacle that is designed to release a weapon that can range from a bomb, to random traps, to a group of mutts. Whatever is in the pod is designed to trap or kill whoever activated it or whoever is in proximity of the detonation.
The Capitol contains and creates many pods, some that have been there since the Dark Days and others that were added over the years. Plutarch Heavensbee designed a number of them himself. New pods were put in after he fled the Capitol with a Holo map of the pods' locations to assist the rebels.
Some of the pods mentioned in Mockingjay are the explosion that killed Boggs and a mislabeled barbed wire net that Mitchell was pushed onto by Peeta Mellark in his rage, which caused chains to wrap around Mitchell's arms and legs and a barbed wire netting to hoist him into the air, leaving him completely immobile. Some pods were much more terrifying, like the energy beam which caused Messalla's flesh to melt off his body, a large tidal wave of a black substance (possibly tar), and a swarm of tracker jackers. There are also pods that release gas, bullets, mutts, and metal darts that killed Leeg 2. There was one certain pod found in the Transfer, which was found by Squad 451 when the floor collapsed; a grouping of moving blades called a meat grinder, which would mutilate any victim beyond recognition and is thought to have killed Jackson and or Leeg 1.
Notably, the pod which is set off near Snow's mansion, where the entire street hears a cracking sound, and the pavement begins to fold in on itself and collapse away, allowed the citizens and rebels to fall into the pit of mutts below. Another pod which was a purple beam of light which caused all the people on a certain patch of street, both Capitol citizen and soldier, to bleed uncontrollably to death from every orifice. There was also a pod which released a huge burst of steam which boiled everyone and everything in its way. These pods are very much like the engineered traps in the Hunger Games arenas. They resemble a huge, final Hunger Games, where President Snow would be a player, too.
In the film, one was shown with what appeared to be a flamethrower. A flame pod was later encountered by Squad 451 in the outskirts of the Capitol. | <urn:uuid:16898f0f-a12c-46c3-a517-b3e3bc46f789> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thehungergames.fandom.com/wiki/Pod | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.985897 | 493 | 1.96875 | 2 |
China has increased its R&D investments by 12% to 20% annually for each of the past 20 years; while at the same time, U.S. R&D spending increased at less than half those rates. As a result, China’s investment is now about 61% that of the U.S., and continuing to close. At the current rates, China’s commitment is expected to surpass that of the U.S. by about 2022, when both countries are likely to reach about $600 billion in R&D. China is investing heavily to create an innovation infrastructure that will allow it to develop, commercialize and market advanced technology-based products, moving beyond its established position as a low-cost location for manufacturing.
- China’s middle class will expand from 35% to 75% over the next 10 years—a demographic statistic that reflects economic growth and, to some extent, an innovation-enabled society.
- 12th Five Year Plan (2011-2015) targets R&D spending at 2.2% of GDP by 2015.
- Global researchers surveyed still consider U.S. superior to China in basic and applied R&D.
- U.S. industrial, academic and government R&D are also viewed more favorably than Chinese counterparts.
- China’s goal of an innovation-driven economy by 2020 requires solving resources and environmental challenges.
In 2013, China is positioned as a location for cost-effective manufacturing, including for high-technology products. But efficient manufacturing alone is not adequate to maintain economic growth. Recognizing this, China intends to evolve from a manufacturing-centric model in 2013 to an innovation-based economy by 2020. Mirroring the approach taken by the U.S., Europe and Japan since World War II, China is making steady progress at building a research infrastructure and educating the scientists to operate it. Results are impressive so far, with leading indicators of innovation rapidly approaching parity with the west.
China’s R&D investment is linked to national goals for industrial growth, stable domestic evolution to an advanced economy, power projection and international prestige. These goals are manifested in large R&D-enabled projects like a Chinese space station and energy generation infrastructure spanning from renewable to nuclear power. In the latter, China draws on companies as well as public-sector research assets in the U.S. and Europe. This creates opportunities at a time when new unconventional fossil reserves have decreased emphasis on large-scale deployment of renewable energy technology in the U.S. Moreover, cost and public perceptions have weakened the outlook for nuclear energy in the U.S., Europe and Japan—all three of which, nevertheless, still have vast experience in nuclear engineering and operations. China’s program sustains these capabilities and accelerates its ability to address growing power requirements.
However, China has a number of significant challenges that must be overcome to reach the 2020 innovation-economy target. China has demonstrated that the ability to sponsor and perform R&D is not an impediment, and in fact is part of the solution to resource-based growth restraints like energy capacity and independence, water supply, agricultural productivity and environmental protection.
China’s continued strong economic growth—more than three times that of the U.S.—provides the resources to support its strong R&D investments and expansion of basic infrastructure as well. The ambitious program and globally enabled economic growth means that China has become an exporter of jobs into Asia to meet its own needs. Ten years ago, most foreign direct investment was being made in China. Today, China has grown to a point that it is now a foreign direct investor throughout Asia, and by 2017 it is expected to be a net outbound investor in the region.
China has Arrived
For the past forty years, the global R&D enterprise was dominated by Europe, the U.S. and Japan. In 2011, China surpassed Japan’s overall spending. By 2018, it is expected to surpass the combined R&D spending of Europe’s 34 countries. And by sometime around 2022, it will likely also exceed the R&D investments of the U.S. in absolute terms.
In addition to recognizing the strong linkage between R&D and economic growth, it is likely that the professional perspectives of China’s leadership are influential in science and innovation policy: eight of the nine members of China’s Standing Committee of the Political Bureau have engineering degrees.
As part of the aggressive funding program these leaders support, China is expanding its science and technology infrastructure through investments in its academic research institutions, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and its industrial research firms.
While taking its place among global R&D leaders, China recognizes the leverage available through international collaboration. Many of China’s R&D programs involve collaborations with European and/or U.S. research organizations. According to the Battelle/R&D Magazine Global Researcher Survey, about a third of China’s advanced R&D is pursued in collaboration with U.S. research organizations, and about a quarter in collaboration with European research organizations. | <urn:uuid:9fb94d19-bb48-40a9-9d91-f716621f7880> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.rdmag.com/article/2013/12/rd-china | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00573-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947883 | 1,047 | 2.328125 | 2 |
During a Wednesday morning newscast on the government-affiliated Chinese Television System (CTS), part of the public Taiwan Broadcasting System, the network ran several fictional news tickers about China firing missiles toward the capital Taipei.
“New Taipei City has been hit by missiles from the communist military; Taipei port has exploded, facilities and ships have been damaged,” one of the news tickers read. “It is suspected that enemy agents have arsonized and planted explosives at Banqiao train station.”
Another ticker said, “The Chinese communists have stepped up their preparations for a war, and (Taiwan’s) President has issued an emergency order.”
Communist authorities in Beijing have refused to rule out the use of force to gain control of Taiwan and have been pressuring the island militarily, flying warplanes into its air defense identification zone, and staging naval drills around it.
Last week, China’s People’s Liberation Army (PLA) held joint combat readiness drills around Taiwan as a group of six bipartisan United States lawmakers met Taiwan President Tsai Ing-wen in Taipei.
US support for Taiwan, especially through weapons sales, has angered Beijing.
Taiwan maintains it is determined to defend itself from all forms of aggression. Last week, Taiwan’s Defense Ministry issued a civil defense handbook detailing how residents should react in the event of a military conflict.
Wednesday, after the false reports flashed on screen, CTS issued a public apology and said the messages were created for use during fire service drills and were not meant to air to the public.
The network had also run news tickers falsely claiming that there had been panic buying across Taiwan due to the military conflict and that a magnitude 7 earthquake had taken place in New Taipei City.
In a public apology issued later on Wednesday, CTS said, “Besides urgently clarifying and apologizing to our audience through our anchors, CTS has also broadcast our apology on our different channels. We have also punished relevant personnel, supervisors and managers for dereliction of duty.”
The erroneous report was widely shared on social media platforms, with some calling for the TV station to be investigated.
Taiwan’s National Communications Commission said in a statement that CTS is suspected of breaking laws on disturbing public order. It said it is launching an investigation into the incident.
The commission said it has received 10 complaints from viewers, adding the network could be fined up to 2 million NTD (US $68,530) for its violations.
Taiwan’s Defense Minister Chiu Kuo-cheng said in Parliament on Wednesday that he had been “surprised” by the incident and urged the public to verify information before making comments.
“This is a good lesson for our friends in the media industry,” he said.
Quoted from Various Sources
Published for: The Bloggers Briefing | <urn:uuid:6ccabc35-a552-431e-a207-956a2d2401a4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thebloggersbriefing.com/taiwan-investigates-local-tv-network-after-it-aired-false-reports-of-chinese-invasion.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.965957 | 608 | 1.695313 | 2 |
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Clinicians Iron Boost is a non constipating iron which is well absorbed. Iron is a trace mineral the body uses for the production of red blood cells. Iron deficiency is common in vegetarians, menstruating women, pregnancy, infants and the elderly.
DIRECTIONS: Adults and Children over 4 years: 1 Capsule daily with food. For young children, mix capsule contents with orange juice.
PRECAUTIONS: Individuals with haemochromatosis (a condition associated with excess iron storage) should consult a health professional regarding their iron status before considering iron supplementation. Children should only use iron supplementation under the supervision of a health professional. Keep out of reach of children. Store below 25 degrees celsius.
INGREDIENTS: Each vegetable capsule contains: Carbonyl Iron (elemental iron 24mg) 24mg, Vitamin C (as ascorbic acid) 50mg, Vitamin B12 (as cyanocobalamin) 50mcg, Folic Acid 300mcg. Also contains: magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose and silicon dioxide.
No added: gluten, dairy, yeast, sugar, artificial colours, sweeteners, flavours or preservatives. Suitable for vegetarians.
Clinicians Iron Boost is a potent, once-daily iron supplement which works to quickly and gently restore iron levels in those who are deficient.
Unlike many iron supplements, which are made with soluble salts, Clinicians Iron Boost contains carbonyl iron, a pure and potent form of the mineral which provides a number of benefits:
In fact Clinicians Iron Boost is so gentle that it is safe for use in pregnancy and breastfeeding, elderly patients, and young children. Just because it is gentle doesn't mean it is not potent, however---as with any iron supplement, care should be taken that large amounts are not consumed, as too much iron can be as problematic as too little.
The formula also contains iron co-factors, including vitamin C, vitamin B12 and folic acid. These nutrients further enhance absorption and help the body utilize the iron for maximum effectiveness.
Iron is a critical trace mineral used to make hemoglobin, which in turn transports oxygen throughout the body. Anemia, the term for the condition in which oxygen transport is inhibited, can produce a range of symptoms---from mildly irritating to fatal. Some of the more common symptoms noticed in early stages of anemia include:
Some people are at greater risk of iron deficiency or anemia than others, particularly women who are pregnant or menstruating, vegetarians, and individuals who are very elderly or very young.
Of course, not all individuals at risk of anemia develop the condition, and symptoms of anemia can have many other causes---anemia itself can be caused by a variety of factors which have nothing to do with iron deficiencies. The only way to truly know iron levels is to have them tested at a doctor's office or laboratory. It is highly advisable to confirm iron levels are low before starting iron supplementation.
Directions for Use
The standard dose of Clinicians Iron Boost is one capsule per day. A glass of fluid and food is recommended with each dose.
The standard dose of one capsule (24 mg) daily should not be exceeded without doctor approval, particularly if pregnant or breastfeeding.
Capsules are designed to be opened if desired; contents can be sprinkled in orange juice for easier administration in patients who have difficulty swallowing, are unwilling to swallow pills, or simply out of personal preference. Since this product is made with carbonyl iron, the metallic taste is minimal compared to most other iron-containing supplements.
Clinicians Iron Boost can be used along with multivitamins and other supplements, but ideally these should be taken a few hours apart for maximum absorption of both products.
Each capsule of Clinicians Iron Boost contains:
Inactive ingredients: Magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, silicon dioxide.
Clinicians Iron Boost does not contain: Gluten, dairy, yeast, sugar, artificial colors, artificial sweeteners, artificial flavors or artificial preservatives.
Quality Supplements from Down Under
The Clinicians brand line of supplements are developed and produced in New Zealand, where the products are widely recognized for their quality and effectiveness. Be sure to check out these other outstanding Clinicians supplements available at Kiwi Drug:Clinicians Zinc Oral Drops
|30 Vegetable Capsules||$12.63||ADD!|
Medicines have benefits and some have risks. Always read the label and use only as directed. If symptoms persist or you have side effects see your health professional. | <urn:uuid:1f3a0acd-7d25-4f9c-89b8-7e76a0ff1500> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.kiwidrug.com/search/clinicians_iron_boost/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988717783.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183837-00075-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.919729 | 964 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Lifespan: 13 – 15 years
Weight: Male: 55–70 lbs (25–32 kg), Female: 35–55 lbs (16–25 kg)
Temperament: Good-natured, Affectionate, Intelligent, Active, Protective
Colors: Blue Merle, Red Merle, Black, Red tricolor, Black tricolor, Tan
Height: Male: 20–23 inches (51–58 cm), Female: 18–21 inches (46–54 cm)
Nature and character
The Australian Shepherd is a very lively dog. He is strong and persistent and is characterized by an extraordinary agility. Due to its dense undercoat, moisture or cold can not harm it. He is extremely attentive, intelligent and has a strong hat and protective instinct. The Australian Shepherd is proverbially a workhorse and with it an authoritarian behavior, whereby under normal circumstances he shows neither humans nor animals against aggression. He responds to irritations with cautious restraint. He is extremely playful and playful, so that you can educate him well with a consistent and empathetic hand. As soon as there is something to do, he is ready with passion and enthusiasm.
In addition, he is well socialized a loyal companion and an ideal playmate for children. He is a vigilant companion who appears reserved to strangers, but ready to defend himself in danger and barking in this situation as well. His strengths include teamwork, which is why he does not like to be alone. The Australian Shepherd is a dog for families with children and well suited for people who are just as active and active as they are athletic. It is important, the intelligence and the play instinct of this dog through long walks and hikes in varied nature or by the dog sport to promote.
Activities with the Australian Shepherd
An Australian Shepherd not only likes to keep sheep or ducks and cattle, but also accompanies horses on horseback rides. Therefore, he enjoys great popularity in the western riding scene. Due to its high intelligence, quick comprehension and learning ability, it is suitable as a companion dog for the blind and the deaf. He can also train as a rescue, track or drug dog. He is also an avid athlete, which is why he is in the forefront of all aspects of dog sport.
Origin & History
There are many theories surrounding the origin of the Australian Shepherd. Despite its naming, this breed has developed exclusively in North America. It was probably Basque shepherds who brought this dog along with their resistant merino sheep from Australia in the early 19th century. It is likely that the existence of these dogs is due to a lucky coincidence. Because the Australian Shepherd possibly goes back to the pairing of Australian wild dogs, also called dingoes, with the already known Collie back. In the following years, other breeds of dogs were crossed, including Dalmatians, Bull Terriers and Kelpies. The result was a breed of dog that has been called the Australian Shepherd since 1872 in the United States.
Racial characteristics Australian ShepherdAustralian Shepherd Outdoor
the Australian Shepherd only as a race in 1996, the current breed standard from 5 June 2009 comes. In Europe, the Aussie, as the Australian Shepherd is also known, has existed since the 1970s. Due to its characteristics, it is assigned to the FCI Group 1, the herding and hound dogs.
The weight of an Australian Shepherd is between 19 and 28 kilograms, depending on gender, according to the official breed standard, with the height of a male measuring between 51 and 58.5 centimeters, while a bitch has a height between 46 and 54 centimeters. The hair is short and smooth on the head, which applies equally to the ears, the front of the two forelegs and the region below the hocks. While the pants and the back of the forelegs are moderately feathered.
An Australian Shepherd has two primary colors, namely black (black) and red (red). Recognized colors are Bluemerle with the basic color black as well as typical lightening and redmerle with red as the base color. In all variants, ther
e are dogs with and without white markings and with and without copper-colored badges, where no color may dominate over the other. Also for the hairline of the white collar strict breeding regulations apply, they must not go beyond the withers. The color white is also allowed next to the neck on the blaze on the head, on the chest, on the underside of the catch and the body. There it may expand up to a length of ten centimeters.
The look of an Australian Shepherd is clear, the eyes are almond-shaped, the eye color is blue or brown, but may also turn out bicoloured. If an Australian Shepherd has Bluemerle or Redmerle, one blue and one brown eye are possible. Also in the ears there are different variants. The spectrum ranges from slightly drooping ears to standing tilt ears, which can sit at different heights on the side of the head. A clear feature is the triangular and slightly rounded tips. | <urn:uuid:d788ddce-f18e-4c0e-91ce-96bcb53fa963> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://doglover.in/australian-shepherd/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.966493 | 1,049 | 2.515625 | 3 |
U.S. News and World Report's "Ultimate Guide to Becoming a Teacher" features EMU's College of Education
YPSILANTI – – It would be difficult to write a book about how to become a teacher and not have some mention of Eastern Michigan University and its long tradition of producing some of the best educational personnel in the country.
Eastern Michigan University gets more than a mention in U.S. News and World Report’s recently published book, “Ultimate Guide to Becoming a Teacher” (Sourcebooks Inc., $18.95).
“Eastern Michigan University has a rich tradition in preparing teachers,” said EMU President Craig Willis. “That tradition includes national teachers of the year, state teachers of the year and other exceptional educators. Inclusion in this publication is a reaffirmation of the quality of EMU students who go on to become teachers.”
“We are delighted that Eastern Michigan University’s College of Education was selected for inclusion in this guide,” said Alane Starko, interim dean of EMU’s College of Education.
“We were very flattered last year when U.S. News & World Report told us that EMU was on a ‘short list,’ because of both our size and reputation,” said Jerry Robbins, former dean of EMU’s College of Education. “What particularly attracted the attention of those preparing this book was the COE’s large and high-quality program for addressing the ‘career changer’ population.”
The 519-page soft-cover book contains six chapters and two additional sections which serve as a primer on how to become a teacher. Topics covered include how to choose the right school, finding money for school and getting certified. The book also contains various program offerings from just about every institution in the nation.
EMU is one of only five schools featured in Chapter 4: “Inside Five Grad Schools.” The chapter focuses on the experiences of students Michael Swain and Alice Fitzgerald, and how they changed careers through the post-baccalaureate program at EMU. The EMU segment also describes Professor Ethan Lowenstein’s Curriculum and Methods for Secondary Education class.
“This recognition of our post-baccalaureate certification program is a credit both to EMU faculty and staff and to the hundreds of students who have found the courage to return to college for a career change,” Starko said. “Our post-baccalaureate students are great assets to teach the teaching profession, bringing with them wisdom and experiences from a host of different fields.”
The four other programs featured in the chapter are Stanford University School of Education, National University of California, The University of Texas-El Paso and Teachers College at Columbia University in New York.Eastern Michigan University, which has been preparing teachers since it was established in 1849, is one of the largest producers of educational personnel in the country. The formal College of Education was established in 1959 and offers bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral degrees. EMU’s COE is accredited by the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE).
Eastern Michigan University is a public, comprehensive university that offers programs in the arts, sciences and professions. EMU prepares students with the intellectual skills and practical experiences to succeed in their career and lives, and to be better citizens.
Editor's Note: Looking for an expert source for a story? Check out EMU's Eastern Experts online at www.emich.edu/univcomm/easternexperts. | <urn:uuid:63e1976a-8ade-4814-9b04-5259749e9cb1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.emich.edu/univcomm/releases_archived/102104ulteachguide.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00071-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959174 | 762 | 1.78125 | 2 |
It’s been 50 years since the U.S. government acted to ensure equal educational opportunities for girls and women through Title IX.
Since put in place as education amendments in 1972, Title IX has prohibited sex-based discrimination in education programs, including competitive sports.
Title IX states: “No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.”
But the Biden administration is working to undo these very protections by redefining “sex” to include gender identity. If the far left succeeds in changing the definition of sex, Title IX would lose its power to protect women because men who identify as women would have greater access to compete on female sports teams and use women’s bathrooms and locker rooms.
On today’s edition of “Problematic Women,” Heritage Foundation senior legal fellow Sarah Parshall Perry explains the fight to protect Title IX from this radical agenda.
Also on today’s show, we still await some big rulings from the Supreme Court, but this week it released one significant decision on school choice. We tell you what you need to know.
Plus, Disney ruins another movie with its radical agenda. And as always, we’ll crown our “Problematic Woman of the Week.”
Listen to the podcast below: | <urn:uuid:e2f27054-25e8-481e-9d61-5dea6b8db965> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dailysignal.com/2022/06/23/on-50th-anniversary-of-title-ix-biden-seeks-to-undo-protections-for-women/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.950775 | 298 | 2.015625 | 2 |
The FBI has issued a $100,000 reward for information leading to the recovery of $1.2 million that disappeared from a currency shipment and to the arrest of those responsible.
The FBI said Wednesday that the U.S. currency was stolen sometime between June 21 and June 24 as it was being moved from Switzerland to New York.
The currency shipment was brought to John F. Kennedy International Airport on board a Swiss International Air Lines flight.
The money was discovered missing after a count at the Federal Reserve showed a discrepancy.
The New York Post reported in June that airport workers were reportedly being eyed in the heist and that the airport planned to give lie-detector tests to employees.
The newspaper reported that investigators believed money was stolen at JFK, and then the thief strategically positioned the crate in the hangar to hide a hole in the crates carrying the shipment — which likely was caused by a forklift.
The case also is being investigated by police at the Port Authority, which runs the airport.
The Associated Press contributed to this report. | <urn:uuid:eccb1563-0cc6-4da1-81da-b5b577d7b1f2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.foxnews.com/us/2013/07/11/100g-reward-for-info-in-swiss-ny-airline-money-theft.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00435-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.98686 | 213 | 1.710938 | 2 |
In recent years some people began using k to represent one thousand. For example, an annual salary of $60,000 might appear as $60k instead of $60M.
In a recent business publication I saw million represented by mn and also by m (both lower case). This means it is possible for you to see $1,400,000 expressed as $1.4 million or $1.4mn or $1.4m or $1.4MM or $1,400k or $1,400M.
Learn Accounting: Gain unlimited access to our seminar videos, flashcards, visual tutorials, exams, business forms, and more when you upgrade to PRO. | <urn:uuid:c3ea3498-0573-411b-b538-84ed4b869727> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.accountingcoach.com/blog/what-does-m-and-mm-stand-for | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988725475.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183845-00509-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954901 | 142 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Influence of Succinic Acid 2,2-Dimethylhydrazide on Yield and Morphological Characteristics of Starr Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.)1
- R. H. Brown,
- W. J. Ethredge and
- J. W. King2
Succinic acid 2,2-dimethylhydrazide (SADH) was applied to “Starr” peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) at the rate of 1.43 kg/ha in 1968, 1969, and 1970. Data were obtained on pod yield; stem length; peg and pod lengths; pod, stem and leaf weights; and leaflet area. The most consistent effect of SADH was a reduction of plant height. Stem lengths were reduced 30 to 40% by SADH application. Pod length was reduced by 6 to 10% in 1969 and 4% in 1970 when plants were treated with SADH. Peg length in 1970 was 2.7 cm on SADH-treated plants compared to 3.4 cm for controls.
Pod yields were increased in 1968, but not in 1969 or 1970. The increase in yield in 1968 was similar for irrigated and nonirrigated peanuts. Stem weight per plant was decreased by SADH in 1970 but not in 1969, and the pod-vegetative ratio was increased in 1969 and 1970. Specific leaf area and area of leaflets were reduced in some cases by SADH applications. Dry weight per leaflet was not affected. Reduction of top growth may be beneficial because ground machinery can be used later than usual in the season to apply insecticides and fungicides without damage to the peanut plants.Please view the pdf by using the Full Text (PDF) link under 'View' to the left.
Copyright © . . | <urn:uuid:6e2736eb-983c-4f06-a117-8d3dde42173c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/cs/abstracts/13/5/CS0130050507 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00352-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964221 | 379 | 2.078125 | 2 |
When IBM Chief Accessibility Officer Frances West sat down at a recent screening of “Gone Girl,” she immediately realized that something was wrong.
In the opening credits, there were “names flying in from different parts of the screen,” she told an MIT lecture audience on Monday. “I was dizzy already when the movie started. It might look good from the designer’s perspective,” but because of the visual confusion, she said she couldn’t read the words onscreen. “I didn’t get the information.”
Her hypothesis: whoever had designed the credits, possibly a younger artist, hadn’t considered that a significant portion of the film-going public would be unable to follow the fast-moving visuals due to eye conditions related to age or other medical issues. Her experience evoked something she’d been fighting against for years in the tech world: the tendency for designers and developers to assume that the “normal” customer is a person with no accessibility issues.
Such a customer is hardly the norm—in fact, he doesn’t really exist. We all go through life stages of relative dependence and independence, and even in our most ruggedly self-sufficient moments we rely on technology that could be considered assistive.
“All technology is assistive technology,” writes artist and design researcher Sara Hendren in a fantastic new Medium post. “Honestly — what technology are you using that’s not assistive? Your smartphone? Your eyeglasses? Headphones? And those three examples alone are assisting you in multiple registers: They’re enabling or augmenting a sensory experience, say, or providing navigational information. But they’re also allowing you to decide whether to be available for approach in public, or not; to check out or in on a conversation or meeting in a bunch of subtle ways; to identify, by your choice of brand or look, with one culture group and not another.”
Put another way, all technology exists to serve needs, to enhance the natural assets of the human body and mind. But for some reason, the genre of needs served by “assistive technologies” is set apart. Assistive technologies are often designed to hide the need they solve, for instance. Consider: although hearing aids accomplish much the same feat as earbuds—blasting audio into your ears—one is typically made of flesh-toned plastic, while the other comes in every color of the rainbow. “Yes — of course — some users want discreet tools!” Hendren writes. “But others roundly reject the notion that all bodies should conform to some standardized or performative ideal.”
West recommends developers adopt a new, broader definition of normal. In terms of their users’ accessibility needs, are designers creating “technology for the 100 percent, or the one percent?” she wondered.
But how does one design for everyone, not merely those lucky enough to be fully able-bodied? West suggests that inclusive design must start at the ground level. “Accessibility is a foundational principle,” West said, “not something you can add in after you write your program, after you build your device.”
To that I’ll add: Accessibility is not something you sacrifice innovation to achieve. Rather, as I’ll explain, designing for accessibility, when done right, should provoke innovation.
Building for accessibility from the start comes with hidden benefits: it encourages designers to break free of old, constrictive metaphors, leading to technological breakthroughs that might not otherwise take place. Hendren describes one of these in her piece: a hyper-sensitive tongue-controlled interface that, by leaving behind the old metaphor of the hand-operated joystick, may lead to a new generation of ways to interact with computers and mechanical devices—ramifications that go far beyond the original market of quadriplegics that it was originally developed for. (Another “assistive” technology she describes, used originally to make wooden splints for soldiers, later made possible widespread developments in furniture design and manufacture.)
Developers in the old-age space, where “tech accessibility” is all-too-often synonymous with big buttons, the full spectrum of beige, and reduced functionality, stand to benefit enormously by treating accessibility as an innovation launchpad, not a set of restrictions. To draw on an overused example, consider the smartphone: innovations that might once have belonged in the realm of “accessibility,” such as the ability to easily zoom in on text, are now core parts of any smartphone’s functionality, used by everyone. Such an approach has benefited society in a way that design cop-outs such as oversimplified three-button phones never could. All technology is assistive.
One way to encourage product designers to break free of old conventions (by which I mean both “normal-means-able” and “accessible-means-unimaginative”) is to get at them while they’re young. “I am disappointed that we don’t have accessibility required in the STEM [Science, Technology, Engineering, Math] curriculum,” West said. I share her sentiment. By teaching with an early focus on accessibility and encouraging tomorrow’s engineers to anticipate a fuller breadth of users, the technology that will eventually result will be more innovative than it otherwise would be. We’ll enjoy it at all ages and stages, but especially when we grow older and require more empathetic design. Because we all grow old—if we’re lucky. And one way we can make old age better is to encourage the development of technology that is groundbreaking for everybody.
MIT AgeLab‘s Luke Yoquinto contributed to this article. | <urn:uuid:d0aa7246-5886-400f-8447-5430d4cc65fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bigthink.com/technology-innovation/50-shades-of-beige-can-we-build-accessible-products-places-that-are-exciting-too-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.944446 | 1,229 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Our Reality Matrix is a set of agreements. We as a collective species created these agreements, or a set of “rules,” in order to have a particular type of game on Earth.
Most games wouldn’t be any fun without rules.
I was a game designer for many years and published papers about how games are used as social and learning mechanisms. I’ve also been a huge gamer my whole life, so I know firsthand just how powerful games can be for us and our lives.
Just like in the movie The Matrix, once we see that reality is just code, programs, and rules, it really isn’t much different than a game. And like Neo in the movie, we can learn how to bend or even break these rules. These are called cheat codes in gaming terms.
Every gamer knows about cheat codes and hacks, which can be fun ways to tweak the gaming experience. During the 1990s, it was so common for video games to have cheat codes that gamers would buy magazines (this was before the Internet took off) or special game extensions (Game Genie, anyone?). Why so much fuss for something that seems so trivial and meaningless?
First, games are meaningful and powerful. And second, a lot of people go out of their way to “cheat” so they can can gain an advantage to make the game easier or simply to experience the game in a whole new way. They’re motivated to do so because of the love (or hate) of the game.
Cheat codes in themselves wouldn’t be any fun if there were no rules to a game. In fact, a game wouldn’t even be a game without rules. Imagine what the World Cup would look like if you could play with your hands, or playing Chess with only Queens. Totally changes the dynamic of the game, right?
If you’ve ever heard of card counting in Las Vegas, or inside trading in Wall Street, these are “advantage” cheats. Most of them are illegal in order to keep a fair playing ground for everyone.
Similarly, turning on god mode in Doom or jumping 0.5 times higher in Super Mario are examples of how cheats can completely change the dynamic of the game.
So the energy lines here that we should look at from a Mystical perspective are advantage, god mode, and changing the experience of the game.
Typically we play out the Game of Life through certain rules. Manifestation is one of the core rules that structure our Matrix. According to Inelia Benz, “Manifestation is an agreed co-creation.” In order to manifest something, we have to create very compelling stories that both ourselves and other people will believe and carry it out. This is because about 99% of everything we experience is brought about by other people. This also involves other Matrix rules like free will, disallowing instant manifestation, etc.
But magick is entirely different.
Magick is the cheat code to the Matrix.
Magick is cheat code because:
- It can break free will.
- It can break the rules of the Matrix.
- It can be used for any purpose or intent.
We can use Magick for almost any intent or purpose — for an “advantage,” “god mode,” or even “changing the experience” depending on the intent or how you look at it.
If you’ve ever studied Magick, you may have heard of the “Rule of Threes.” Basically this means that, anything you put out there from a magickal perspective, will come back at you by the power of 3 (not “times” three but “exponent” three). This is a caution to anyone doing Magick. If you’re doing dark works, it’s 100% guaranteed that doing so will open up doors to allow darkness into your life.
But the same is also true for the light and joylightlove. If you cast a spell or do Magick for high-frequency purposes, then high-frequency experiences will come back at you.
Why does this happen? Because Magick “pushes” something into reality. And when something pushes into reality, Reality pushes back.
So why is Magick allowed to happen if it’s possible to infringe upon the free will of others? Generally, free will is built into the rules of engagement of our Matrix. So what’s the deal?
Basically, we also agreed at a collective level to allow these “pushes” in reality to happen. Just like a game designer chose to put in a cheat code, we chose to put in the cheat code of Magick into the Matrix. And just like the game designer, we don’t expect everyone to use or even know about the cheat code. But those who are aware or are guided to find it, will find it.
Just like how Magick finds a way to us if we’re open to it. You wouldn’t be reading these words otherwise 🙂
So these are some of the mechanics about how Magick relates to the Matrix, and also why it’s a bit different to something like manifestation.
I would have never known about this subtle difference if it wasn’t for Inelia Benz, so I am immensely grateful for her work. Check out her book Are You A Witch? to learn more!
As always, a good rule of thumb is to only do Magick as it relates to YOU and your life. Best not to go messing with other people’s free will. That may open a door for someone or something else to mess with your free will. So don’t worry about it by simply keeping your magick to yourself 😉 | <urn:uuid:65e8c534-d575-4a21-b679-5a829dea16f0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mystictwist.com/why-magick-is-a-cheat-code-to-the-matrix/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.955022 | 1,211 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Modern medicine provides almost infinite diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities if compared to the past. As a result, patients undergo a multiplication of tests and therapies, which in turn may trigger further tests, often based on physicians' attitudes or beliefs, which are not always evidence-based. The Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterologists and Endoscopists (AIGO) adhered to the Choosing Wisely Campaign to promote an informed, evidence-based approach to gastroenterological problems. The aim of this article is to report the five recommendations of the AIGO Choosing Wisely Campaign, and the process used to develop them. The AIGO members' suggestions regarding inappropriate practices/interventions were collected. One hundred and twenty-one items were identified. Among these, five items were selected and five recommendations were developed. The five recommendations developed were: (1) Do not request a fecal occult blood test outside the colorectal cancer screening programme; (2) Do not repeat surveillance colonoscopy for polyps, after a quality colonoscopy, before the interval suggested by the gastroenterologist on the colonoscopy report, or based on the polyp histology report; (3) Do not repeat esophagogastroduodenoscopy in patients with reflux symptoms, with or without hiatal hernia, in the absence of different symptoms or alarm symptoms; (4) Do not repeat abdominal ultrasound in asymptomatic patients with small hepatic haemangiomas (diameter < 3 cm) once the diagnosis has been established conclusively; (5) Do not routinely prescribe proton pump inhibitors within the context of steroid use or long-term in patients with functional dyspepsia. AIGO adhered to the Choosing Wisely Campaign and developed five recommendations. Further studies are needed to assess the impact of these recommendations in clinical practice with regards to clinical outcome and cost-effectiveness. | <urn:uuid:1fdb3f9e-4be7-4f9f-aab0-01031d4d33d9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://moh-it.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/five-common-errors-to-avoid-in-clinical-practice-the-italian-asso | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.929133 | 394 | 1.8125 | 2 |
After finishing our project, we worked on a multi-part reflection on our project. The different pieces of the project can be found below.
Part 1: Introduction by Em Okrepkie
“Data is collected to quantify issues and items, and that data is then used to tell a story. ”
Part 2: Process by Em Okrepkie
“We knew we wanted to build a sensor to collect data and then tell a story with that data, but we not sure what sort of sensor to build, what data to collect or what story we would be able to tell with that data.”
Part 3: The project by Gaby Morera
“Our DIY sensors did not have the appropriate capacity to heat map the number of points it would take to cover the whole area and so we either had to seriously down scale the project or scrap the sensors.”
Part 4: Data analysis by Anna Simoneau
“The lowest value we recorded was around 77 degrees Fahrenheit and most points were well over that, so Linderman Library is definitely too warm for good cognitive function. Whether this has impacted Lehigh students directly requires more research and interviewing.”
Part 5a: Expert opinion by Danielle Bettermann
We spoke with Gary Falasca, director of custodial, grounds maintenance and athletic buildings at Lehigh.
Part 5b: Ilhan Citak Q&A by Danielle Bettermann
We spoke with Ilhan Citak, librarian of archives and special collections at Lehigh.
Part 5c: Students Q&A by Danielle Bettermann
We spoke with three students on their study habits and what they think of the temperature of the library.
Part 6: Lessons by Samantha Tomaszewski
We discuss six lessons we took away from working on this project and studying the field of sensor journalism.
Part 7: Limitations by Austin Vitelli
“We had some struggles, but we also succeeded in achieving our overall goal of gathering data using sensors.”
Part 8: Epilogue by Jeremy Littau
“We tried things. We failed, and then we tried again. The seven-part story above documents all of that.” | <urn:uuid:e58a9554-c52b-4543-92c5-2e3ce23b7f57> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://makerjournalism.wordpress.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.949628 | 453 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Through Out The Year
- Exploration of cultural and historical sites
- A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Bhaktapur Durbar Square
- Newari food items and Juju Dhau (a typical Yogurt)
- Cultural festivals of the Newari town
- Best sunrise view from Nagarkot, a popular recreational center and picnic spot
- The astounding panoramic view of Jugal Himal, Numbur Himal, Dorje Lakpa, Himalchuli (7,900m), Langtang Lirung, Ganesh Himal
Bhaktpur Sightseeing Nagarkot Sunset Tour combines the excursion of an open museum of Nepal and the best sunset view of the Himalayas. You can explore the artistic pilgrimage sites and ancient landmarks of Bhaktpur district and the panoramic view of the entire Kathmandu valley. Not much far from the Capital City Kathmandu lie Bhaktapur, the smallest district of Nepal and a small hilltop station Nagarkot. If you want to enrich the experience of natural and cultural mixture while in Nepal tour, you must do this tour.
From the hotel of your accommodation, you can begin the travel in a private jeep or taxi to reach the historical site Bhaktapur. In Bhaktapur, you have so many cultural and religious heritage sites to visit for lifelong memories that you can share with your people. Bhaktapur Durbar Square is a UNESCO World Heritage Site which is surrounded by many shrines for Buddhist and Hindu deities. You can visit the largest and oldest ancient royal castle of Nepal called 55-Window Palace built in the end of the 15th century.
Religious Value Of Bhaktapur
If you want to know more about Bhaktpur Sightseeing Nagarkot Sunset Tour, the pottery or ceramics products of Bhaktapur, you can visit Pottery Square and Market close to the palace. Similarly, there are Hindu pilgrimage sites like Nyatapol Temple, National Art Gallery, Bhairavnath Temple and Dattatreya Temple encircling the royal palace. All these cultural heritage sites give you the best replica of the ancient art and architecture of Nepal. The wood carvings, stone carvings, signs and symbols used in the temples and the palace are worthy of visiting. The traditional Newari houses in the palace vicinity give you a different experience of Nepalese indigenous culture and tradition.
You can observe the cultural festivals having unique rites and rituals in Bhaktapur almost all the times of the year. The traditional dances in the typical Newari music by wearing masks of different deities are the most pleasant things to witness here. You can also taste the typical Newari cuisines at the hotels and restaurants located nearby Bhaktapur Durbar Square. While in here, don’t forget to taste Juju Dhau (a yogurt brand of Bhaktapur) which is the most delicious edible items of Nepal. You can even interact with the local Newar people who have kept their culture and tradition intact for centuries although they have direct link with the outer world.
An amazing landscape View From Nagarkot
After you are finished with the Bhaktapur excursion, you drive towards Nagarkot Hill Station by crossing the ethnic villages for Bhaktpur Sightseeing Nagarkot Sunset Tour. To you utter surprise, although these villages are quite close to the Capital City, they have not modified their lifestyle, culture and tradition. The setting of their houses, the courtyards and the farming pattern by using bio-fertilizers are indeed traditional. After an hour’s drive, you reach Nagarkot Village, which is located at the elevation of 2.195 metres from the sea level. You see the entire Kathmandu Valley and the Panauti Valley including Namobuddha and the gorgeous Himalayas from here.
Just like sunrise view, Nagarkot Sunset View Tour is the most loved day tour by the domestic and foreign tourists. From the Nagarkot View Tower, you can have the mesmerizing view of the thick forests of Shivapuri National Park and the rolling hills covered with the green trees. The snow-clad peaks like Jugal Himal, Numbur Himal, Dorje Lakpa, Himalchuli (7,900m), Langtang Lirung, Ganesh Himal would be Himalayan view seen from here. As it is located quite close to Kathmandu, the tourists prefer Nagarkot Sunset View Tour to other popular sunset view tour destinations.
Nepal Trekking Routes is organizing Bhaktpur Sightseeing Nagarkot Sunset Tour for more than a decade by giving the best satisfaction to our clients. We provide you the best caring tour guide who gives you all the information about these heritage sites. We also conduct other day tours and trekking in Nepal from One-day tour to hiking and trekking to the famous regions of Nepal. You can reach us via either phone call, email, WhatsApp or online booking services through our official website. | <urn:uuid:547c9496-1fc0-47cc-aad0-832a2c8436c4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nepaltrekkingroutes.com/trip/bhaktpur-sightseeing-nagarkot-sunset-tour/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.913462 | 1,102 | 1.648438 | 2 |
He belongs to the generation of fine, sickly sensitive nerves that we encounter more and more frequently in the newest art.
—Andreas Aubert, Norwegian art critic and historian, 1890
The Edvard Munch of popular imagination—a tortured, bohemian rebel who seemed almost a living version of the famous figure in The Scream—was in fact a myth, carefully constructed during Munch’s lifetime by critics, historians, and the artist himself. Since then, this persona has been reinforced by our collective fascination with his many pictures of existential suffering. But there are many other sides to the artist and his work that have been eclipsed by the traditional emphasis on his supposed emotional imbalance and artistic isolation. In addition to his depictions of death and anxiety, for example, are moody, calm landscapes and pictures of bathers that celebrate the vitality of the human form in nature.
Munch’s moody works gained him a reputation for mental illness from the very beginning of his career. The Norwegian art critic and historian Andreas Aubert suggested that he suffered from the psychological condition known as neurasthenia. A medical term invented by the American physician George M. Beard in 1869, neurasthenia, otherwise known as nervous exhaustion, was said to be on the rise in metropolitan centers as chronic fatigue, depression, hysteria, and weakness attacked the emotionally compromised urban body. Adopted and adapted by social commentators, the disorder was connected to decadence and degeneration and applied to the visual arts.
Far from quieting the tenor of his work to pander to such critics, Munch deliberately embraced the disturbing subject matter and the persona of the sick, socially aberrant artist. As hundreds of private letters attest, he was far from insane. But just as he experimented with certain visual motifs or painting styles, the artist adjusted his emotional pitch at precise moments in order to achieve the outcomes he desired. Munch’s self-portraits, such as the brooding, blue-hued Self-Portrait in Moonlight and Self-Portrait with Cigarette, offer a rich opportunity to explore this persona in the act of construction, reminding us of the artist’s central role in the process of his own mythmaking and reputation building.
Edvard Munch. Self-Portrait with Cigarette, 1895. The National Museum for Art, Architecture, and Design, Oslo, NG.M.00470. © 2008 The Munch Museum / The Munch-Ellingsen Group / Artists Rights Society (ARS), NY. | <urn:uuid:ac97d546-6571-4c69-a75b-723ea1be73f2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/exhibitions/Munch/constructing | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00436-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966838 | 521 | 3 | 3 |
Technology and education have come to a point of harmony now where replacing the teacher or making the teaching process faster is not the objective anymore (rightfully so). It is about making the delivery of education and its features, better. To do so, schools of tomorrow should look towards emerging technologies today.
An IoT enabled classroom is without question better equipped to provide tailored learning for students with special needs, interactive learning experiences, faster feedback, easy collaboration access (for both students and teachers) and facilitation for remote learning. The efficiency and cost benefits from an administrative point of view are also enormous.
Following up on our earlier post about using IoT in the classroom, we have put together the following infographic to provide a broad snapshot of how IoT can be leveraged in the average classroom. | <urn:uuid:44a545f3-69d8-4ff9-a04d-c523ae34158c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://programmedblog.com.au/iot-in-the-classroom-work-infographic/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.958043 | 156 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Team Leader: Kavita Nyalakonda
Design Engineers: Janet Huang, Hector Perez
November 8, 1999
Miller & Associates contracted Kavinetor, Inc. to develop and optimize a separations process simulation for a new acetone production plant. The reactor system for this acetone plant was modeled by Group C. Williams. Using their findings, Kavinetor was charged with the task of using the effluent from their reactor design and isolating acetone at a 99.9% purity. When achieving this purity, this model had to be technically sound and cost-effective.
Kavinetor utilized rigorous techniques, which involved a balance between design and economic considerations. Through the analysis of different column configurations and the resulting economic costs, an optimal design was found. This model met design specifications and economic feasibility. The optimized design was found to have a capital cost of $972,500, as compared to the preliminary design cost of $1,078,000. The utility cost of the optimized design was calculated to be $2,450,000, as compared to the preliminary design cost of $4,021,000. This resulted in an overall savings of 33% over a 20-year plant life.
Based on these results, Kavinetor recommends that this design should be implemented or undergo further analysis. Kavinetor has confidence in the design and economic analysis of this optimized simulation.
Table of Contents
Effectiveness of Required Separations
The Base Case
The Optimized Design
Waste Water Separation Column
Acetone Purifying Column
Economic Analysis of the Optimized Design
Kavinetor, Inc was contracted by Miller & Associates to perform project work on their acetone production plant, in conjunction with Group C. Williams. Group C. Williams had developed an optimized design for the reactor system of the acetone plant which produces acetone from the dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol. The purpose of Kavinetor’s project was to design a separations system to purify the product of this acetone production plant. The goal was to develop a cost-effective model that will provide an acetone product of 99.9 mol% purity and maintain the azeotropic recycle stream. The original model used by Miller & Associates was based on the model discussed in Turton. This report describes the methods that Kavinetor, Inc. used to optimize this preliminary process design and provides the corresponding results.
The Turton model produces acetone through the dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol (IPA). The process begins with an azeotropic mixture of IPA and water. This is mixed with a recycle stream of unreacted IPA and water, which is fed into the reactor system. The reactor effluent becomes the feed to the separation system, the area of the plant under consideration. The purification system consists of four separations units. The reactor effluent enters the system through a two-stage cooling system of two heat exchangers in series. The base case begins at the entrance of the effluent into the second heat exchanger. After cooling to an appropriate temperature, the stream is sent to a flash drum, where the vapor is separated from the liquid. The overhead, consisting mainly of hydrogen, is sent to a scrubber. The purpose of the scrubber is to remove hydrogen from the process stream. It uses process water from another part of the unit to scrub acetone and IPA from the hydrogen. The hydrogen exits the scrubber through the overhead. The bottoms of the scrubber combine with the bottoms from the flash drum and enter the first distillation column. The first column separates the acetone from IPA and water. The overhead contains the 99.9% pure product. The bottoms of... | <urn:uuid:dd9e71bd-f0e0-4c04-a37b-c98c1e759cb0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.studymode.com/essays/Acetone-774722.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00441-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929885 | 772 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Project analyzed data from over 189,000 older adults
A new comparative effectiveness study found older adults with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) who underwent bypass surgery had better long-term survival rates than those who underwent a non-surgical procedure to improve blood flow to the heart muscle, also called revascularization.
The National Institutes of Health-supported study compared a type of surgery known as coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with a non-surgical procedure known as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). While there were no survival differences between the two groups after one year, after four years the CABG group had a 21 percent lower mortality.
Principal investigator William Weintraub, M.D., of Christiana Care Health System in Newark, Del., and colleagues will present these findings on Tuesday, March 27, at 9 a.m. EDT, at the American College of Cardiology’s annual meeting in Chicago. The findings will appear online today in the New England Journal of Medicine and in the April 19 print issue. Two companion papers that describe the statistical prediction models used to forecast long-term survival rates will also appear in today’s print issue of Circulation.
"In the United States, cardiologists perform over a million revascularization procedures a year to open blocked arteries. This study provides comprehensive, large-scale, national data to help doctors and patients decide between these two treatments,” said Susan B. Shurin, M.D., acting director of the NIH's National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), which funded the study.
Comparative effectiveness research results provide information to help patients and health care providers decide which practices are most likely to offer the best approach for a particular patient, what the timing of interventions should be, and the best setting for providing care.
In CHD, also called coronary artery disease, plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle. Over time, blocked or reduced blood flow to the heart muscle may occur, resulting in chest pain, heart attack, heart failure, or erratic heart beats. Each year, more than half a million Americans die from CHD.
In CABG, or bypass surgery, the most common type of heart surgery in the United States, blood flow to the heart muscle is improved by using (“grafting”) a healthy artery or vein from another part of the body to bypass the blocked coronary artery.
PCI is a less invasive, non-surgical procedure in which blocked arteries are opened with a balloon (also called angioplasty). A stent, or small mesh tube, is then usually placed in the opened arteries to allow blood to continue to flow into the heart muscle.
With NHLBI support, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF) and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) came together to compare short- and long-term survival outcomes after CABG versus PCI. The investigators linked medical data available in their ACCF and STS databases with follow-up information in the Medicare Provider Analysis and Review database of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.
Linking these three datasets from 644 U.S. hospitals allowed researchers to analyze information from the STS database on 86,244 older adults (average age 74) with stable CHD who underwent CABG between 2004 and 2007 and 103,549 older adults (average age 74) with stable CHD from the ACCF database who underwent PCI between 2004 and 2007. Follow-up ranged from one to five years, with an average of 2.72 years.
At one year there was no difference in deaths between the groups (6.55 percent for PCI versus 6.24 percent for CABG). However, at four years there was a lower mortality with CABG than with PCI (16.41 percent versus 20.80 percent). This long-term survival advantage after CABG was consistent across multiple subgroups based on gender, age, race, diabetes, body mass index, prior heart attack history, number of blocked coronary vessels, and other characteristics. For example, the insulin-dependent diabetes subgroup that received CABG had a 28 percent increased chance of survival after four years compared with the PCI group.
“This landmark data-sharing collaboration between the American College of Cardiology Foundation, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, and the Duke Clinical Research Institute allowed researchers to conduct the most comprehensive real-world observational comparative effectiveness study on this topic to date,” said Michael Lauer, M.D., director of the NHLBI Division of Cardiovascular Sciences.
This project, the ACCF--STS Database Collaboration on the Comparative Effectiveness of Revascularization Strategies (ASCERT) study, was supported through designated comparative effectiveness research funds from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. ASCERT involved 16 investigators from among the five collaborating organizations: Christiana Care Center for Outcomes Research; the ACCF in Washington, D.C.; the STS in Chicago; Duke Clinical Research Institute in Durham, N.C.; and PERFUSE Angiographic Core Laboratories & Data Coordinating Center, a non-profit academic research organization in Boston.
For additional information or to arrange an interview with an NHLBI spokesperson, please contact the NHLBI Communications Office at 301-496-4236 or firstname.lastname@example.org.
To arrange an interview with Dr. Weintraub, please contact Hiran Ratnayake at the Christiana Care Health System at 302-327-3327 or HRatnayake@ChristianaCare.org.
- Your Guide to Living Well With Heart Disease:
- Your Guide to a Healthy Heart: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/resources/heart/healthy-heart-guide
- NHLBI Story of Success: Conquering Cardiovascular Disease:
- NHLBI and the Recovery Act: Featured Researcher William Weintraub, M.D., F.A.C.C.: | <urn:uuid:b7230d3a-2841-435d-8680-0a706d17a437> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/news/press-releases/2014/nih-study-shows-survival-advantage-bypass-surgery-compared-non-surgical | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719286.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00499-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.903102 | 1,260 | 2.296875 | 2 |
International Aids Conference Personal Highlights
There were several presentations for and about women at this Eleventh International AIDS Conference, undoubtedly more than ever before. And of course, there were numerous presentations of interest for anyone with HIV. Among all the studies, theories and medical trials, certain information stood out and seemed "concrete", and therefore would impact any HIV positive persons' decisions about their care, treatment and life-style.
Female Controlled PreventionFirst of all, a very important subject - safer sex. "Reality" Female Condom had a booth, and was handing out handfuls of free condoms following their very informative and amusing presentation. The female condom is stronger than the typical latex condom. It is impermeable to HIV, CMV and HPV. Bottom line - this is a very effective barrier to disease transmission. Remember all you HIV positive ladies, not only do we not want to spread this disease, we don't want to get any other sexually transmitted germs or diseases.
Although non-oxynol-9 kills HIV on contact, we still don't know if the existing chemical spermicide products which lubricate male condoms fully protect against HIV. In fact, they can be very irritating to the vagina and may actually increase the risk of infection.
Treatment GuidelinesBy now, most everyone has heard of, and hopefully has had, a viral load test. This is now seen as the most important test used to monitor HIV. Basically the viral load test, which measures the amount of HIV particles in the blood, has two primary functions; -1- It tells how active the HIV is. High is bad, low is good, non-detectable is the goal, and it can easily be achieved with protease inhibitors. -2- The doctors can now use this test to know when to change treatments, as the viral load test is a better barometer of how medications are working.
So what about T-cells? Do they still matter? Why do we continue to monitor them? T-cells are an indicator of how much damage has been done to your immune system. The T-cells are still the marker used by doctors to determine if and when to initiate prophylactic therapies (i.e. Bactrim, Diflucan, Zovirax, etc.). If your T-cells are low and you are doing preventative therapies, you must continue to take them, even if your viral load is undetectable. This is because your immune system is damaged. As yet, there doesn't seem to be much on rebuilding the immune system with western medicine. For myself, I believe that alternative therapies such as acupuncture and stress-reducing massages help to strengthen the immune system.
Triple Drug TherapiesThe goal of the triple drug combination, (two anti-retrovirals and a protease inhibitor), currently being used with such success, is complete suppression of HIV. Many doctors think this is entirely possible. Of course, this is the best news in years. This exciting news gave this International Conference a very optimistic "vibe". This means, at some point, it is possible that therapy could be stopped.
The bottom line on the current therapies is this:
Never take just one antiretroviral. If your doctor is prescribing this, either get a new doctor, or insist that he/she prescribes what you want. And, when switching to new drugs, switch at least two of them. Remember, the more your doctor knows about HIV, the longer you will live. It's a good idea to actively seek-out a specialist, if possible.
Decisions To MakeWhat this means is that those of us who have resisted taking antiretro-virals because we fear the drugs more than the disease, must now seriously reassess our thinking. Whereas before, we might be inclined to wait until our T-cells had dropped as low as we felt we could stand - before initiating any kind of drug therapy, if indeed we opted to take anything at all. Now, the goal is to keep the virus at bay, and prevent any further damage to our immune systems. The idea that therapy might perhaps be able to be stopped entirely is amazingly good news. Several esteemed physicians believe this is entirely possible.
Keep Hope AliveOf course, there are people who want to be cautious, and don't want to "get our hopes up." But, why shouldn't we have high hopes? After all, what once seemed impossible now seems achievable. Research is likely to start focusing on rebuilding the immune system. Personally, I'll take Dr. James Curan's advice "Keep Hope Alive".
Throughout the conference, one point which was made clear was that those of us in countries like the United States are very fortunate to have access to these treatments. Most AIDS patients in the world haven't even seen these drugs, let alone have access to them. They are lucky if they even have a doctor, clean water and food.
This article was provided by Women Alive. It is a part of the publication Women Alive Newsletter. | <urn:uuid:e8e1751e-eae8-448d-9355-fbae23d4dd9d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thebody.com/content/art511.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00482-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964849 | 1,035 | 2.234375 | 2 |
ERIC Number: ED126324
Record Type: RIE
Publication Date: 1976-Apr
Reference Count: 0
The Relationship Between Sex and Intrinsic Job Satisfaction of Adult Educators.
Hinkley, Nancy E.
Relatively few studies of job satisfaction have dealt with sex as a significant variable. Recent studies have determined that Maslow's hierarchy of needs has particular application to the work situation and to an examination of sex differences in intrinsic job satisfaction. A questionnaire based on Maslow's hierarchy was sent to all of the 378 persons who received their post-baccalaureate degrees in adult education from North Carolina State University from 1966 to 1974; 309 (82%) responded producing 292 usable questionnaires. Several characteristics of the population were: one-fourth were females, more than one-half the men and less than one-fourth of the women had their doctorates, almost all were employed full-time with 6.7% of the women and 35.0% of the men receiving incomes over $21,000. Female adult educators found less gratification of higher level needs than males in the performance of job related tasks. The difference was significant not only with the total need deficiency scores but also with each of the sub-scores that dealt with esteem, autonomy, and self-actualization. The results indicate that higher level need satisfaction in the performance of job-related tasks is meaningful to both female and male adult educators. (JR)
Descriptors: Adult Educators, Attitude Measures, Educational Research, Females, Graduate Surveys, Individual Testing, Job Satisfaction, Males, Need Gratification, Participant Characteristics, Questionnaires, Self Actualization, Self Concept Measures, Self Esteem, Sex Differences, Task Performance, Work Environment
Publication Type: Speeches/Meeting Papers
Education Level: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Note: Paper presented at the Adult Education Research Conference (Toronto, Ontario, April, 1976) | <urn:uuid:d8c8a18b-0daf-4375-96f3-2837525564d7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED126324 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00019-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935003 | 410 | 1.734375 | 2 |
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The first rule of creating an assessment plan for our students concerns what it is exactly that we want our students to learn. Is it facts and details, or is it facts and details and how to think about those facts and details?
The first is about memory; the second is knowledge that transforms.
As a practical matter, determining what we want our students to learn entails describing our specific goals for them in an active way, for example:
I want my students to...
These are pretty straightforward goals, and finding out how the students are meeting them is a matter of using assignments, tests, and activities that honestly get at how students are integrating what we've been teaching them. Effective assessment does not simply measure memory output, but looks for evidence of creative and synthetic thinking and contributes to that outcome.
There are, however, other goals I might have in mind, less tangible perhaps, but just as, maybe more important to me as an instructor. For example: I want my students to...
Certainly these goals will be harder to measure. That's because so much of what matters about being human is not quantifiable. Love, let's say, or creativity, or even good teaching.
The difficulty in measurement, or even articulating these goals should in no way mean that we pretend they don't exist. It is part of our call to teaching to want our students to not just understand art, rocks, or mesons, but to love them as much as we do. So, it's worth thinking about what we really want our students to learn and to try to find some way to clarify those numinous goals. Then we have to confront the challenge of bridging the gap between quantifying outcomes through rubrics and matrices, and making judgments about whether our students have learned in the best sense of all.
That can be done, but not perfectly, for it is an art.
When it comes down to designing and applying an assessment tool, we have to find a way to keep it in line with what we want to know, with what we are teaching, with the needs of the student to learn from our assessment of them, and with our own time and work constraints.
Here are some basic steps to keep in mind:
Here is one typical way of assessing student learning, the essay, some of its strengths and weaknesses, and a few suggestions for getting more out of it. There are of course, many more instruments that can be used to aid in assessment of student learning that actually contribute to learning (debates, quizzes, case studies, variations on the research project, collaborative work, etc...).
Strength: Its strength lies in the potential for the essay to be the product of creative, synthetic thinking and therefore evidence of higher order learning or a failure to learn.
Weakness 1: This potential can be turned upside down if the criteria for assessing the essay only fall on repetition of certain facts. In this case, we ask for creative and evaluative thinking and yet grade on the basis of whether the student hit on all the right details.
1. One way to address this problem is to be very clear with the students (and in developing a rubric for assessment) about what synthetic, creative thinking is.
2. Another is to re-design the essay questions so that they truly require higher level thinking and not an information dump.
Weakness: 2: Essays take a lot of time to evaluate properly if they are going to be used to help a student learn.
1. Shorter written assignments throughout the semester that are designed to assist students in progressing in their skill and knowledge development.
2. A well-developed rubric can serve to clarify essay assignments for the student and relieve hand injuries caused by excessive writing of comments such as "awkward," "unclear," and so forth.
As a final note, the best assessment of student learning is that which is begun early on in the course. If problems are occurring, not getting feedback until mid-semester largely reduces the opportunity an instructor has for re-claiming the course objectives and getting the students on the right track.
In my opinion, this is the most trying part of teaching because it can be a drain on time and energy, create unpleasant tensions with the students, and because as much as we would like, no grading is ever completely objective, nor consistent. Adding to the challenge is the fact that students tend to have certain attitudes about what grades mean and expectations about what they have earned that don't jibe with course expectations.
Ongoing course preparation assignments that create greater student participation and in-class feedback on their understanding of material can help to increase communication about evaluation and assessment so that grades don't come as a big surprise and the students are motivated to take responsibility for their own learning.
As for the grading itself, it's worthwhile to consider using scoring rubrics such as a Primary Trait Analysis.
Faculty adopt/adapt the grading model that suits them best, usually derived from a variation on two models: weighted letter grades and accumulated points.
The variations on these schemes include a developmental approach, whereby grades later in the semester are weighted more heavily, or a course component approach in which different sections of the course have the same contribution to the final grade.
Penalties and extra credit can be useful for assessing a final grade that is more in keeping with the students' true achievements in class than the standard results would otherwise indicate. A caveat for penalties and extra credit is that unless they have a real pedagogical function, you have to ask, "What is the point?"
"Do you grade on a curve?" I hear that question every semester. In all honesty, probably no one should. Grading on a curve is a kind of bondage to the idea that all learning falls directly onto a graph of statistical distribution. Learning outcomes, as with any data on anything, can be analyzed as a means of finding patterns, but for the sake of fairness, accuracy, and grading that contributes to learning, each student should be judged on his or her own merit.
For more reasons not to curve, see Barbara E. Walvoord and Virginia Johnson Anderson, Effective Grading: A Tool for Learning and Assessment. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1998, 100-103; and Ken Bain, What the Best College Teachers Do. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004, 160.
For more information about the Center for Teaching Excellence, please contact:
Becky Kasper, Ph.D., Director
301 Feinberg Library, Plattsburgh, NY 12901
Phone: (518) 564-3043
Fax: (518) 564-5100 | <urn:uuid:041dc3c2-4616-4240-b633-614458de3c70> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://web.plattsburgh.edu/offices/centers/cte/assessment.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718278.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00241-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959391 | 1,390 | 3.34375 | 3 |
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This outlines resources used for a 12th grade English unit involving Sandra Cisneros' The House on Mango Street and the prevalence of cultural and racial stereotyping in multicultural literature.
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4th Graders, you will research 8 of the 15 women who are being considered to replace Andrew Jackson. Click on each link to find out about each nominee: copy & paste to your Google Doc.
Páginas web de interés para planificar viajes | <urn:uuid:feb07aab-2d69-4886-90e9-10e4545fa56c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://certificado.symbaloo.com/mix?q=The+House+on+Melody+Street&page=0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.732266 | 295 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Now this is a cat fight!
An attempt to save a cat hoarder from being kicked out of her Brighton Beach apartment has turned into a hissing match between the kitty collector and the woman trying to protect her beloved felines.
Brooklyn Umbrella Rescue founder Josie Marrero saved half of the 45 cats that once roamed Barbara Berger’s one-bedroom apartment on Coney Island Avenue, but she now says she won’t save the rest because Berger has become too difficult to work with.
“She’s not making sense anymore,” said Marrero, who has taken sharpened swipes at Berger on her blog. “I’m done with her.”
Marrero agreed to help Berger — who is facing eviction unless she gets rid of all but two of her cats — after reading about the cat lover’s plight on Brooklyn Daily.
Marrero rescued 18 of the cats, which were given good homes during a week-long adopt-a-thon at the Petco on 86th Street near Stillwell Avenue in March. A dozen of Berger’s cats were adopted by neighborhood residents, while the rest were taken in by the North Shore Animal League in Long Island.
But Berger’s now refusing to part with any more of her cats, even though her landlord has only given her until mid-May to whittle her brood down to two.
Marrero said she can’t trust Berger anymore and decided to pull her support.
“I’m frustrated because she doesn’t want to give up any more cats,” Marrero wrote in her blog. “I can’t trust her.”
Berger defended her actions — and lashed back at Marrero for publicizing their feud on the Internet.
“She’s making me feel like I’m a villain and it’s not true,” Berger said. “I don’t want to give up the cats that I love,” she explained.
Berger moved into her rent-stabilized apartment, for which she pays just $153 per month, with 15 cats in 2007. She said the number quickly tripled as she took in strays off the street and accepted kittens from neighbors and friends.
She’s insisted all along that she’s willing to part with most of the cats, but won’t give up her ten favorites, which have names like Yoshi, Blake and Montgomery. | <urn:uuid:2fe6aaf6-93fd-4125-9f6f-3e95fc515234> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.brooklynpaper.com/cat-scratch-fever-animal-rescuer-takes-swipe-at-cat-hoarder-on-the-internet/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.970857 | 526 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Hello! Wow, time has flown by and it seems like just yesterday myself and fellow CAPI intern with PRIA, Sidney, were arriving in Delhi to begin our internships in India. Feel free to listen to this podcast to hear Sidney ask me about my experiences, some challenges, and lessons I’ve learned working in India. It’s been a huge learning experience and am feeling grateful for all the fantastic people, experiences, and learnings from this time working with PRIA.
Before coming to intern in India, I had not heard very much about the issues and implications of open defecation in many parts of the world. Conversations about global issues of inequality and social justice, usually are centred around other basic human needs such as food, water and shelter and so on. Yet, the more that I’m learning about open defecation and its related issues the more I have realised what a crucial issue it is for the health, safety, and dignity of huge numbers of people around the world—particularly in India.
Although it’s important to also look beyond just the story numbers can tell, here are some quick facts about open defecation in this context:
– About 564 million people, just under half the population in India openly defecate
There are a variety of issues open defecation is linked to. Open defecation causes numerous sanitation and health problems such as diarrhoeal diseases and stunting to name a couple. In India, almost 400 children per day die from diarrhea linked to poor sanitation. In India almost 38% of children are stunted, which affects not only children’s physical development but also cognitive and often impacts their educational outcomes.Open defecation goes even further beyond the issue It is also very much so an issue of social justice, particularly from a gender perspective. For women and girls, safety is a major issue when having to go out to find space to openly defecate—often far away from their homes. Fears about safety and sexual harassment are rampant. In order to have more privacy, many prefer to go for open defecation when it is dark; yet this also makes it more unsafe for women and girls. Often women and girls describe practicing ways to try and minimize the number of times they must go for open defecation, yet this often results in dehydration from not drinking water or urinary tract infections to name a couple. Women and girls also need proper sanitation facilities that can also provide safety and hygiene during menstruation. Since menstruation is a topic that many are not comfortable talking about, often menstrual hygiene is left out of the conversation around toilets and health.
In India, there has been and currently are huge efforts by the government, NGOs, and community members themselves in order to tackle the issue of open defecation as well as overall sanitation in the country—sometimes with success, sometimes with not as much success. Right now, some are criticizing the current government’s “Clean India” campaign for lack of progress, yet it has brought a lot of resources as well as attention to the issue of sanitation and open defecation in particular.
In the development project I am currently working on, one of the indicators (of twenty) we are working with is “open defecation free” in every single Gram Panchayat (rural area). What has stuck with me is the lesson that something that can seem at first glance like an infrastructure problem, such as there being a lack of facilities to use, is in fact extremely complex and goes far beyond simple questions of infrastructure or financial resources.
Rather, to address open defecation means also addressing the interconnected issues as well. For instance, dealing with the issue of open defecation also means looking at economic situations, local social dynamics, access to water, sustainability, accountability, and much more. Other complexities for instance involve deeply embedded cultural beliefs and practices. For some older people, toilets may be strange and uncomfortable to use. There are also some cultural beliefs that may understand toilets as not being healthy or safe for certain people.
During the fieldwork I’ve been involved with through PRIA, we’ve interacted with numerous community members who identify open defecation and lack of toilets as major problems in their rural communities. Many of the individuals we meet with are frustrated by the lack of toilet facilities and tired of the health and social impacts of open defecation.
Addressing the issue of open defecation is not an easy task both globally and in India. To address the issue of open defecation through a framework that will ensure looking at the gendered aspects of open defecation and sanitation is even more of a challenge—yet is an essential part of looking at any issue and solution in order for all to experience positive change.
Through my internship here the more I learn, the more I have come to realise that access to sanitary facilities is something that every individual deserves to have. Globally, I think we need to continue to ask more questions and find more solutions as to how we can address open defecation in a sustainable way that will benefit the health and safety of millions.
Hi there! The last little while here in Southern India has involved a lot of different celebrations and holidays. In this little blog post I’m sharing some of my experiences and thoughts about some of the ones I’ve been lucky enough to come across while living and working in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. It’s hard to do these kinds of occasions justice and of course I still have a ways to go in understanding and unpacking what many of these events mean and the diverse forms they take on. I’m also attaching some video footage from my neighbourhood’s Lord Ganesh procession which invovled lots of music and impressive dancing! Thanks for reading!
Public space, loitering, and feminist activism may seem like disjointed entities. So, it might be even more confusing for you, dear reader of this blog post, if I say that really what I’m talking about is all wound up in a chai stall.
Public Space, Loitering, and Feminist Activism
Yes, I am talking about the delightful chai carts that can be found on almost any corner in a busy Indian city. Served in wonderfully small cups, the delicious chai is made hot (a lesson I learned after burning my mouth the first time) and fresh through a complicated process of straining and boiling accompanied with an incredible aroma. Even in the limited spaces that chai stalls are set up, such as street corners or the side of a road, there is always a sense that a chai stall is a “hang-out” place. The one I stopped today had a few stools set up and newspapers to read while sipping on the heaven-in-a-cup that is a chai in India. Yet as a woman (and also a sociologist cursed with the habit of obsessively studying people) I can’t help but feel the gendered dynamics of the chai stalls I visit. There are exceptions of course, but in general a chai stall is a male-dominated space. The people sipping on chai while reading newspapers, chatting in circles, sitting on benches near the stall, are mostly men. This is a pattern not just limited to chai stalls. The public parks and sports fields are often a male held space. Cafes and restaurants and other kinds of food stalls are also highly gendered with the significant presence of men in comparison to women. Even out on the streets men often hold more space than women. Through my conversations with women here in India and my own experiences, the more I have become interested in the gendered dynamics of public space and how this is embedded in wider systems and forces in India. In this blog post I will describe some of the academic ideas on these topics in the context of India, highlight some of the feminist activism in India around public space, and include both my own and my friend’s thoughts. So, feel free to make yourself a chai, cozy up, and keep reading!
A public space historically has meant “open space” such as parks or sidewalks that are publically owned and managed spaces in opposition to private spaces such as the home. Yet, the social management of these ‘public’ spaces are often contested through dynamicssuch as class, race, or gender to name a few. In India, the conversation around public space and women is often linked to the lack safety of women in public spaces as well as connected to social norms and cultural values about gender. Interestingly, although they acknowledge that the safety of women in public space is a serious issue, writers of the book Why Loiter Phadke et al. (2011) argue that the way in which safety of women in public space is discussed is problematic. They argue that stressing safety without acknowledging the structural violence that makes safety a gendered issue is to turn a blind eye to the many dimensions at play. Furthermore, it also works to construct women as agentless victims who may end up ‘in the wrong place’ at the ‘wrong time’ and experience violence. The authors further discuss how although safety of women is key, it should not be used as a way to justify their lack of presence and engagement in public space. To do so, is to reproduce the same kinds gendered ideas that make public spaces more unsafe for women in the first place. The authors write that “most debates on public space are disproportionately focused on danger rather than pleasure…Pleasure or fun is seen as threatening because it fundamentally questions the idea that women’s presence in public space is acceptable only when they have a purpose” (Phadke et al., 2011).
So, this is where loitering is connected. The authors emphasize that loitering, such as hanging around a chai stall, can be a part of shifting from a politics of safety to a politics of pleasure. In this way, the public space can be re-claimed as a space of enjoyment for everyone and contest many ideas of what a woman can or cannot do. The authors describe how the “right to loiter has the potential to change the terms of negotiation in city public spaces and creating the possibility of a radically altered city, not just for women, but for everyone” (Phadke et al., 2011).
Discussions about public space and women takes place in both in the online and real world of India as well. Feminist activists in India have engaged with public space in a many inspiring ways. Inspired by Phadke et al.’s (2011) book Why Loiter women have used social media to take action by posting pictures of themselves in public spaces by using the hashtag #whyloiter and claim space both physically and online
In the online sphere, in 2012 following the horrific rape of a female student in Delhi after boarding a bus, a campaign called #Boardthebus aimed to create a public conversation around the safety of women and their right to public spaces. This trended online through its hashtag and raised awareness as well as solidarity for women’s “right to mobility and public spaces” (Eagle, 2015). This online activism was also coordinated with a call for women to ride public buses on March 8, 2014 (International Women’s Day) to take up more public space rather than less.
Other inspiring forms of activism have been organized by the group ‘Blank Noise’. Formed in 2002 to address street harassment in India, ‘Blank Noise’ uses activism, street experiments, and art in their campaigns. One of their interventions in public space is described by Gupta (2016):
A solemn line of ten men and women arranged themselves across a pedestrian signal on a crowded street in Bangalore, India. Red reflective tape formed English alphabets across their chests. When the traffic signal turned red we assembled on the zebra crossing staring back silently at waiting commuters. Together the letters on our chests spelt a question for onlookers to ponder: “Y R U LOOKING AT ME?” The signal turned green in some minutes and we dispersed, mingling with crowds on the sidewalk to disperse pamphlets about street sexual harassment.
To wrap things up, I’d like to share some words from my friend Sudha Samyukta reflecting on public space and gender in India:
We (Indian Women) live in a situation where we have accepted and institutionalized “gendering” of spaces. How else could a chai stall be a “space” only for men? Where else will I feel like an achievement going to one of these little chai stalls around the corner and feel like I have conquered something? Why do I even accept it within my head, that this particular “space” is not for me/other women? As I ponder, it makes me sad and angry at once. I feel an achievement when I enter the space, when I return, I wonder, in amazement at the way I have gendered a space. Women need to claim public spaces, reclaiming is a later stage. If we can ensure that a group of girls in their most comfortable clothes can walk around the cities without fearing for their safety even if they are not in a group, maybe we can start a discussion on reclaiming any lost space. At this stage, women don’t have a claim to any space whatsoever, forget the “male” spaces. I would however add that it is not just the corner chai stalls. Any public space, including the upper class spaces are not fully accepting of a woman. A woman that walks in alone is stared at, sized up and made to feel uncomfortable. Somehow, as a society we have not been able to make women feel safe, secure and contented. She is somehow uncomfortable and worried for herself, and that is acceptable. How else do you justify women only in groups, accompanied more often than not with male companions and seen only in the acceptable spaces which are not essentially “male” and definitely never alone?
Learning about the complexities of gender in India is a huge learning and unlearning process for me that will continue far beyond my internship. In both Canada and India, gender plays a powerful role in each of our lives whether we are aware of it or not. In both contexts, gender is deeply embedded within the unique social, economic, cultural, and historical forces at play. For me, gender has also become a way in which public space, feminist activism, and ‘loitering’ are intertwined as well as raises further questions. What kinds of lens am I biased with when looking at these issues based on my own culture and socialization? How does ‘loitering’ in public space operate in diverse cultural contexts? What are the impacts of feminist activism around public space in India? How do these actions affect how women and men feel about public space?
Ahh I think I’ll go ponder these questions with another cup of chai…
Bowles Eagle, R. (2015). Loitering, Lingering, Hashtagging: Women Reclaiming Public
Space Via# BoardtheBus,# StopStreetHarassment, and the# EverydaySexism Project. Feminist Media Studies, 15(2), 350-353.
Gupta, H. (2016). Taking Action: The Desiring Subjects of Neoliberal Feminism in India.
Journal of International Women’s Studies, 17(1), 152.
Phadke, S., Khan, S., & Ranade, S. (2011). Why loiter?: Women and risk on Mumbai streets.
Penguin Books India.
Hi there, I have now been working in the PRIA Visakhapatnam field office for almost a month now. Being in the field has brought a lot of new experiences and people my way. One of the biggest learning experiences so far for me has been through the field visits that I get to be a part of. I am very grateful to be able to visit Anandapuram Mandal and spend some time with its community members as part of our data collection. I feel very lucky to have the opportunity to enter these communities and be able to hear people’s stories and be a part of community development processes through the work we are doing. In order to share what field experiences involve in Anandapuram Mandal as a part of PRIA’s work I’ve created a photo story to share (please see below).These pictures and words are limited in the way that they are through my lens and my positioning and therefore only show my perspective–only a very limited part of the wider story of the Mandal and community development. Yet, I hope by sharing my perspective I can share a bit of the privilege I have been given of entering the spaces I am and being part of the project in Anandapuram Mandal. Thanks for reading! Cheers, Kenda
Link to the photo story: http://arcg.is/2aTjeCn
I have now been working in the PRIA Visakhapatnam field office for almost a month now. Being in the field has brought a lot of new experiences and people my way. One of the biggest learning experiences so far for me has been through the field visits that I get to be a part of. I am very grateful to be able to visit Anandapuram Mandal and spend some time with its community members as part of our data collection. I feel very lucky to have the opportunity to enter these communities and spaces and be able to hear people’s stories and be a part of community development processes through the work we are doing. In order to share what field experiences involve in Anandapuram Mandal as a part of PRIA’s work I’ve created a photo story to guide you through.These pictures and words are limited in the way that they are through my lens and my positioning and therefore only show my perspective–only a very limited part of the wider story of the Mandal and community development. Yet, I hope by sharing my perspective I can share a bit of the privilege I have been given of entering the spaces I am and being part of the project in Anandapuram Mandal.
Thanks for reading!
Link to the photo story: http://arcg.is/2aTjeCn
Hello, Kenda here from New Delhi, India where I am interning with PRIA as a program assistant through CAPI. Here’s a podcast after my first month here with a little introduction to PRIA, the two projects I am working on and a few othe reflections from the beginning of my time here!
Here’s an introduction of myself through an interview by fellow intern Claire Horwood on April 29, 2016 in Victoria, BC. I will be interning from June-December with PRIA (Participatory Research in Asia) through the Centre for Asia-Pacific Initiatives. In this podcast Claire asks me a bit about my background, interests, what brought me to this upcoming internship, some things I look forward to and also hope to get out of this opportunity. | <urn:uuid:1b0c636f-c729-4ce1-8248-5bbcce999639> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://capiblog.ca/author/KendaChangSwanson/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.960347 | 4,051 | 2.546875 | 3 |
For a slightly more detailed summary that also sees Iran as emerging the real victor of the Battle of Basra, see this piece from Radio Free Europe. Key details include the following:
Iran is sufficiently powerful to get the two most important religious parties in Iraq, the Sadrists and al-Hakim's Supreme Islamic Council,
to Iran to broker a ceasefire organized by Iran.
Several sources indicated as early as March 28 that a representative of al-Maliki's Al-Da'wah Party, Ali Adib, and Hadi al-Amiri, the head of the Badr Organization, the military wing of the Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq (ISCI), traveled to the Iranian city of Qom to meet with Iranian officials.
According to McClatchy Newspapers, the aim of the trip was twofold:
to press al-Sadr to restrain his militia and to call on Iran's Qods Force to stop supplying weapons to Shi'ite fighters in Iraq. It was also revealed that the two men went to Iran without consulting with the prime minister.
Haidar al-Abadi, a member of Al-Da'wah, said that the delegation was from the Shi'ite-led United Iraqi Alliance, which is dominated by Al-Da'wah and the ISCI, "and the prime minister was only informed. It was a political maneuver by us."
This quiet Iranian diplomatic initiative differs dramatically from Ahmadinejad's strident rhetoric. The media has focused on the significance of the Basra events for Iraq; what are the implications for Iran? Will Iranian elites derive the lesson that diplomatic peacemaking might be a more effective way of making Iran a major regional player than a war of words with excitable opponents? What will be the impact on Iranian politics of quiet peacemaking led by the commander of the al Quds Brigade, as opposed to, say, a diplomat or moderate politician? What will be the impact on regional attitudes toward Iran?
Only time will tell how political realignments will play out: the various impacts of the battle of Basra are by no means inevitable or straightforward. Keeping in mind a complex adaptive systems perspective on these events may help in understanding them. Such a perspective underscores that actors (individuals, factions, countries) are adaptive agents in an interactive system in which each actor influences and adapts to the others. Depending on what follows, the battle of Basra may have a long-lasting and far-reaching impact on regional politics. | <urn:uuid:2ce41e4e-882b-4243-843b-f11f139c6b2b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://shadowedforest.blogspot.com/2008/04/iranian-peacemaking.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00522-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963835 | 513 | 1.789063 | 2 |
A recent documentary, Cowspiracy: The Sustainability Secret, asks why most leading environmental organizations are ignoring a leading cause of environmental damage.
In 90 minutes, co-producers Kip Andersen and Keegan Kuhn argue that our institutional and individual attention to selected environmental issues will not make a collective difference unless we also confront the realities of animal agriculture. Animal agriculture’s environmental effects are so pervasive that apparent progress elsewhere cannot counter its destructive and growing impact.
The film suggests why protection for expanded areas of the ocean will not protect oceans or ocean animals. Growing food organically, even on a commercial scale, will not protect the land. Keeping lumber operations out of the Amazon will not save the rainforest.
Making homes more water efficient and taking short showers will not make more water available. Driving electric cars will not solve the carbon emissions problem. Installing LED lights and converting to renewable energy will not stop global warming.
Here is some of the data gathered by the producers and woven into this powerful film.
Animal agriculture uses 55 percent of the water in the U.S. American homes use five percent. One thousand gallons of water are needed to produce 1 gallon of milk. Two thousand five hundred gallons of water are needed to make one pound of beef. Growing water shortages make animal agriculture unsustainable.
Livestock uses 30 percent of the Earth’s total land mass, including nearly 50 percent of the U.S. mainland. The growing demand for animal farmland is responsible for 80 percent of Amazon rainforest destruction. (Palm oil production is second). With 160-million acres cleared or degraded annually for the animal industry, 40 percent of the rainforest will be destroyed in 20 years, affecting species survival and carbon sequestration.
Animal agriculture is responsible for 18 percent of greenhouse gas emissions. All forms of land, air and ocean transportation total 13 percent. Transportation industry air pollution is overshadowed by animal agriculture air pollution.
Seventy billion animals are raised annually worldwide. Everyday 144 million animals are killed for food. U.S. farm animals produce 7 million pounds of excrement every minute. Our lakes, oceans and psyches cannot sustain animal agriculture.
Too many environmental groups are dodging this issue, but the cattle industry is steaming. One cattle association blogger reminds its members that it also takes a lot of water to make a T-shirt or produce a car.
Seventy-five percent of Americans consider themselves environmentalists. Only 5 percent of Americans are vegetarian or vegan, however their percentage has quintupled in five years.
The average American consumes 209 pounds of meat each year. Everyday, a person that eats a plant-based diet saves 1,100 gallons of water, 45 pounds of grain, 30 sq. ft. of forested land, the equivalent of 20 lbs. of CO2 and one animal’s life.
This issue is an environmental advocate’s dream come true. It requires no political action money, no corporate boardroom decisions, no re-negotiated food policy, no tax incentives. When we eat meat, dairy and eggs, we feed this growing catastrophe. Change will happen as quickly as we convince each other to change what we eat. While producing his film, Kip Andersen became a vegan.
Cowspiracy: The Sustainability Secret was self-funded by the producers and crowdfunded via Indiegogo. The marketing efforts for the film depends on community organizations to sponsor the film, promote ticket sales through their networks and fill a local theater. They bear no cost, only effort, and it is working. Cowspiracy showings are accelerating all over the country—during the last two weeks in October, the film will be seen in 35 locations.
Click here for a list of upcoming events or to host a screening.
[Ward Pallotta is retired from social justice, nonprofit fundraising in Cleveland, Ohio. He and his life partner, Ann Urick, are members of VegSarasota and Transition Sarasota in Sarasota, Florida, and are advocates for safe and healthy food. Nine years ago they realized they were eating dangerously and switched to a plant-based diet.] | <urn:uuid:a0edeb24-6c81-4bc5-aaf7-e0257b010ab5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wrongkindofgreen.org/2015/02/13/cowspiracy-the-film-that-the-worlds-most-powerful-ngos-dont-want-you-to-see/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00065-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933653 | 849 | 3.03125 | 3 |
Remember back in the day – when birthday planning just included balloons, cake and maybe a clown to entertain the kids? Those days are long gone. In fact, I usually start planning A.J.’s birthday party three months ahead of time by picking a theme, venue and narrowing down the guest list. Have you ever considered an Atlanta STEM birthday party? It’s a hands-on experience where kids learn about science, math and more. I’ll explain more about an opportunity to host STEM parties and you can win a STEM-inspired giveaway for your little one. Keep reading and be sure to share!
Disclosure: This giveaway is a partnership with Nakturnal.
What I love by watching our 7-year-old do STEM activities and experiments is how he proves himself wrong and still learns in the process.
You may remember the great time A.J. had with a popular STEM Toy, the Dash Robot where he gave it commands to move and talk. To kids it’s a responsive robot. To educators, it’s the building block to learn coding, HTML and design. We’ve also stopped by the Apple store late this summer where he got to program another robot in a team effort. I shared the video of his experience on the Mommy Talk Show Facebook page.
I can see A.J. enjoying a Snapology birthday party the next time we celebrate. With Snapology he can choose a birthday party theme, STEM activity and invite friends. Birthday parties are just a part of the Snapology story. For learners who struggle with science and math, a Snapology after-school program or group activity can invigorate their interest. Girls feel empowered when they’re successful at Math and Science. Special needs students can get the attention they need. STEM summer camps are also offered at Snapology.
A Snapology franchise in Atlanta could provide affordability and flexibility for an owner. Watch the video below to see even more.
Click to tweet:[Tweet “Explore opening a hands-on STEM birthday party venue or after school courses in #ATL”]
Enter to win LEGO® brick set
Prize: Snapology Mascot Sebastian Gator LEGO® brick set
Recommended age: 6+
Deadline: November 26, 2017 by midnight EST | <urn:uuid:6bf61acb-ced8-4eb1-86c4-3bc2b036edd0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mommytalkshow.com/atlanta-stem-birthday-party/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.94164 | 475 | 2.140625 | 2 |
This image shows both a visible and a thermal infrared image taken by the thermal emission imaging system on NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft on November 2, 2001. The visible wavelength image, shown on the right in black and white, was obtained using one of the instrument's five visible filters. The spacecraft was approximately 22,000 kilometers (about 13,600 miles) above Mars looking down toward the south pole when this image was taken. The thermal infrared image, center, shows the temperature of the surface in color. The circular feature seen in blue is the extremely cold Martian south polar ice cap. The instrument measured a temperature of minus 120 degrees Celsius (minus 184 degrees Fahrenheit) at this ice cap.
Click on image for full size
NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory/Arizona State University
The Mars Odyssey was launched April 7, 2001, from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. After a six-month, 285 million-mile journey, the Odyssey arrived at Mars on October 24, 2001 (02:30 Universal Time). The Odyssey is in its aerobraking phase right now. After about 3 months of aerobraking, the final science orbit should be achieved and the real science of the mission will start!
The spacecraft is carrying a gamma ray spectrometer (GRS). The gamma ray spectrometer was inherited from the lost Mars Observer mission. The GRS onboard the Mars Odyssey will help detect the presence of water on the surface of Mars. The GRS will also measure the abundance and distribution of about 20 primary elements of the periodic table, including silicon, oxygen, iron, magnesium, potassium, aluminum, calcium, sulfur, and carbon at the surface of Mars.
Other instruments onboard the Odyssey include the Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) and the Mars Radiation Environment Experiment (MARIE). MARIE will investigate the amount of radiation present at and around Mars. This would be pertinent information to know if humans were to colonize Mars. THEMIS is a camera system that will study the Martian surface in both visible and infrared light and will help determine
what minerals are present. It also will map landscapes on Mars at resolutions comparable to that of NASA's Landsat Earth observing satellite.
Other than our Moon, Mars has attracted more
spacecraft than any other object in the solar system. Of course, no
other solar system object has been as daunting to visit. Of the 30
missions sent to Mars by three countries over 40 years, less
than one-third have been successful.
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Every second is a lesson, Every Minute is a Collection of more than 60 Lessons...But it Applies the same way as in a class
if a Student is Concentrating in class on what he is taught he will always come out with more knowledge than the one who is busy finding a chance to insult the teacher to have a Laugh...
But The Laughter Goes when you Walk out the Class room
and the Serious One Has the Happiness inside of Knowing things he is Being Taught
So its up to us to Decide whether we take Life as a Lesson and Ensure Happiness all along...or We Find Things in Life Just to Stretch Our Lips and Breathe Heavily ( Which We Term Laugh) But Never Happy inside...
1. Difference between Happiness and Laugh ( People today Consider it Similar) Actually True Happiness is Never Ending Which Comes with higher Understanding....and Second one is the Temporary Substitute to a Larger Term ''Happy''
2. Every Second is an experience which one should never miss
3. and a way for Living Happy Life
I will Be More than Thankful on any Comments in this Regard...
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- Product Description
Revision with unchanged content. Digital musical instruments bring about new problems and prospects for musical performance. In An enactive approach to digital musical instrument design, Newton Armstrong argues that these problems and prospects are theoretical and philosophical as much as they are technical. Drawing on the enactive cognitive science of Francisco Varela and others, as well as the phenomenology of Martin Heidegger and Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Armstrong outlines a model of interaction based around circular chains of embodied interdependency between performer and instrument, and examines the ways in which technological resistance to human action plays a key role in the incremental acquisition of performative skill. This book is addressed to musicians and artists working with interactive systems, to theorists of new media, and to researchers and designers interested in human factors in computing.
|Number of Pages||192|
|Country of Manufacture||India|
|Product Brand||AV Akademikerverlag|
|Product Packaging Info||Box|
|In The Box||1 Piece|
|Product First Available On ClickOnCare.com||2015-07-31 00:00:00| | <urn:uuid:af2d3da4-afce-4e2c-bea3-c2cd6b413628> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.clickoncare.com/an-enactive-approach-to-digital-musical-instrument-design | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00440-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.836641 | 233 | 2.15625 | 2 |
PhD candidate Shirley Nieuwland and dr. Mariangela Lavanga did research on the role of creative entrepreneurs in sustainable tourism development in Rotterdam. For this research interviews were conducted with creative entrepreneurs in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
The majority of the creative entrepreneurs focus on local residents first. Tourism is considered a nice bonus. The study shows that creative entrepreneurs who do so, could lead to more sustainable tourism because it does not lead to touristification of the city (e.g. only souvenir shops). An authentic city culture is developed and at the same time it brings financial benefits to the entrepreneurs.
Inclusivity of diverse groups of residents in the city
However inclusivity of the diverse groups of residents in the city needs to be considered to avoid exclusion and growing inequality. Many entrepreneurs pointed out that the urban development strategies mostly target creative and higher educated people to come to the city. Therefore, they feel that many locals do not feel included or benefit from these developments. At the same time the gap between rich and poor is growing.
Urban development and tourism strategies
Furthermore, the study shows that urban development strategies and tourism strategies are highly connected. Policy makers should thus not consider them as separate things. For example, the consequences of urban development strategies based on creativity, such as rising rents or the arrival of international companies like Starbucks in popular areas, need to be considered when creating sustainable urban tourism strategies. Therefore, if sustainable tourism is the aim, inclusive and sustainable urban development policies need to be created.
About the research
The research is part of the Vital Cities and Citizens program ‘Sustainable and Just Cities’ and is published in the Journal of Sustainable Tourism.
Read the full article here
Vital Cities and Citizens
With the Erasmus Initiative Vital Cities and Citizens Erasmus University Rotterdam wants to help improve the quality of life in cities. In vital cities, the population can achieve their life goals through education, useful work and participation in public life. The vital city is a platform for creativity and diversity, a safe meeting place for different social groups. The researchers involved focus on one of the four sub-themes:
• Inclusive Cities and Diversity
• Resilient Cities and People
• Smart Cities and Communities
• Sustainable and Just Cities
VCC is a collaboration between Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences (ESSB), Erasmus School of History, Culture and Communication (ESHCC) and International Institute of Social Studies (ISS). | <urn:uuid:cb9464ee-03a7-4989-9327-c36ba021f78b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.eur.nl/en/news/focus-city-and-local-people-first-sustainable-tourism | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.924725 | 513 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Approaches to Named Entity Recognition in Indian Languages: A Study
Prakash Hiremath1, Shambhavi B. R2
1Prakash Hiremath, M. Tech Student, Department of Information Science and Engineering, B. M. S. College of Engineering, Bangalore, India.
2Dr. Shambhavi B. R, Assoc. Prof, Department of Information Science and Engineering, B. M. S. College of Engineering, Bangalore, India.
Manuscript received on July 21, 2014. | Revised Manuscript received on August 06, 2014. | Manuscript published on August 30, 2014. | PP: 191-194 | Volume-3 Issue-6, August 2014. | Retrieval Number: F3385083614/2013©BEIESP
Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite
© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Named Entity Recognition (NER) is subtask of information extraction that seeks to locate and classify the elements in some text into pre-defined categories. NER finds its application in Natural Language Processing tasks like machine translation, question-answering systems and automatic summarization. The approaches to NER are rule based, statistics based or a combination of both. In this paper, we present a survey of these various approaches for identification of Names Entities (NE) in Indian Languages.
Keywords: Named Entity Recognition (NER), Natural Language Processing, Machine Learning. | <urn:uuid:61d56b06-8b1c-4d00-bfdb-935ae269b14a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/f3385083614/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.84899 | 353 | 1.90625 | 2 |
INDIANAPOLIS (AP) - Indiana could soon become the nationís leader for use of
school vouchers if unprecedented growth in the stateís school choice program
The Indiana Department of Education reports more than 20,000 students have
signed up for the three-year-old voucher program for the 2013-2014 school
year. Thatís more than double last yearís number.
The numbers put Indiana second in the nation for use of the vouchers, which
give qualifying families public money to offset tuition costs at private
schools. Milwaukee has more than 24,000 students enrolled in its program,
while Ohio has just under 16,000. But both of those programs grew slowly
over many years, The Indianapolis Star reported.
School choice advocates say they arenít surprised by Indianaís rapid growth,
especially in Indianapolis. Marion County accounted for 30 percent of all
voucher students statewide last year.
ďThe growth in Indianaís voucher program is amazing, but not totally
unexpected given the quality of the non-public schools in and around Marion
County,Ē said Robert Enlow, CEO of the Indianapolis-based Friedman
Foundation, which advocates for vouchers nationally.
How much money a student receives depends on the familyís income and the
school district they live in. The maximum is $4,700 for elementary school
Experts say they donít expect to see the number of students applying for
vouchers to continue to double because there arenít enough spaces available
in private schools. A 2010 study indicated that there were about 22,000
vacant seats available in private schools in Indiana.
That number has likely grown, but another space study is planned. | <urn:uuid:626dd35b-fd8d-4445-8150-4f6eebac75c7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://chestertontribune.com/Indiana%20News/indiana_poised_to_lead_nation_in.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00231-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933147 | 354 | 2.03125 | 2 |
- the formation of something complex or coherent by combining simpler things
- (chemistry) the reaction of elements or compounds to form more complex compounds
- (logic) deduction from the general to the particular
- (philosophy) the combination of thesis and antithesis
- (Military) In intelligence usage, the examining and combining of processed information with other information and intelligence for final interpretation; (JP 1-02).
Etymology: From Latin, synthesis.
- French: synthèse (1,2,4)
- Spanish: síntesis
Supplemental Details:Sponsor an extended definition for synthesis for as little as $10 per month. Click here to contact us. | <urn:uuid:625922cf-48c8-4dc0-ad75-f6f8e34ee1bb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.allwords.com/word-synthesis.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.86721 | 170 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Hot flashes that bedevil many women in menopause might actually be a good thing, depending on when they strike, according to new data from a long-running government study.
Women in their 40s with a moderately high family risk of breast cancer should get yearly mammograms, a new British study suggests.
Though such testing is standard in the U.S. for that age group with a family history, women in Europe who have an intermediate family risk are not always offered screening if they are under 50.
A recent Study from Italy looked at the cosmetic outcomes of different types of skin closures after cesarean section.
Even a moderate amount of weight loss can go a long way toward relieving symptoms of female urinary incontinence in obese women.
A 2009 study by the University of California, San Francisco showed that women who lost as little as eight percent of their body weight experienced an average 47% reduction in episodes of both stress incontinence and urge incontinence, with some seeing the number of incontinence episodes drop by an astounding 70%.
Tags: Even, female, Improves, Incontinence, incontinence episodes, little, Loss, Moderate, pelvic floor, San Francisco, Shows, stress incontinence, Study, symptoms, urge incontinence, Urinary, Weight, weight loss, women
Posted in Bladder Dysfunction, News & Education, Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery & Urogynecology | No Comments » | <urn:uuid:cebe897d-5b4b-4274-b2d8-62ba69ba7d61> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.drjkm.com/tag/study/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.941216 | 301 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Title: THE BIBLICAL APOSTLE PETER VS THE PETER OF ROMAN CATHOLICISM
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MISPLACED RELIGIOUS ZEAL
This statue of “Peter” (pictured to the left) is honored by Catholics all over the world. So much so, in fact, that the statue’s foot is being worn away by the “kisses of the faithful”. Yes, Catholics love Peter so much that they disregard the warning Peter gave the earnest Cornelius when the latter “fell down at his feet and worshipped him”. Peter said, “Stand up; I myself also am a man.” (Acts 10:25-26)
You’d think that if Roman Catholics were going to follow Peter, they’d be interested in what he actually said, but I find this is not the case. Let me give you an example. The Catechism of the Catholic Church, #552 says, “Because of the faith he confessed, Peter will remain the unshakeable rock of the Church.” However, Peter writes in his letters that Jesus is the “rock” which the builders “disallowed" -- not he! Listen carefully to Peter's own words:
“Wherefore also it is contained in the scripture, Behold, I lay in Sion a chief corner stone, elect, precious: and he that believeth on him shall not be confounded. Unto you therefore which believe, he is precious: but unto them which be disobedient, the stone which the builders disallowed, the same is made the head of the corner, And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence, even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient ... ” (1 Peter 2:6-8)
Why did the Roman Catholic “builders” disallow Jesus as their “Rock” when their “first pope” says He is? They make Peter their “Rock” in Christ’s stead! Catholic historian and theologian, Peter DeRosa admits:
“It may jolt them to hear that the great Fathers of the church saw no connection between it [Matt.16:18] and the pope. Not one of them applies ‘Thou art Peter’ to anyone but Peter. One after another they analyse it: Cyprian, Origen, Cyril, Hilary, Jerome, Ambrose, Augustine. They are not exactly Protestants. Not one of them calls the Bishop of Rome a Rock or applies to him specifically the promise of the Keys. This is staggering to Catholics...The surprises do not stop there. For the Fathers, it is Peter’s faith — or the Lord in whom Peter has faith —which is called the Rock, not Peter” (Vicars of Christ, DeRosa, 24).
This original understanding of the Catholic Church Fathers, as described above, is absolutely correct! Jesus declares Peter's faith in Him as the "Rock upon which I shall build My church...". Furthermore, Scripture plainly provides this understanding, and once you understand, you will realize that the Roman Catholic theologians have been boldly lying to the faithful for over 1,000 years.
In the original Scriptures on Matthew 16:18, Jesus uses two words for "Rock" in the original language. This difference in words reveals that Jesus is NOT basing His church on the "large rock" of Peter, but on the "Rock as big as Gibralter" (Jesus Himself). Since the Parallel Bible, Amplified side, captures this essence perfectly, let us now read verses 15-18 to get complete context:
"He said to them, But who do you [yourselves] say that I am? Simon Peter replied, You are the Christ, the Son of the living God. Then Jesus answered him, Blessed, happy, fortunate, and to be envied are you, Simon Bar-Jonah. For flesh and blood [men] have not revealed this to you, but My Father Who is in heaven."
Now, verse 18 contains the clear truth"
"And I tell you, you are Peter [Greek, Petros--a large piece of rock], and on this rock [Greek, petra--a huge rock like Gibraltar] I will build My church, and the gates of Hades, the powers of the infernal region shall not overpower it, or be strong to its detriment or hold out against it." [Parallel Bible, KJV/Amplified Bible Commentary]
As you can see, Jesus plainly stated which "Rock"
upon which He was building His church -- the confession of faith Peter uttered
in verse 17. His use of two distinctly different words for "Rock"
clearly prohibits any person from ever believing, or teaching, that Peter
was the "Rock".
Again we listen to the great Catholic historian and theologian, Peter DeRosa:
“We already noted that not a single Father can find any hint of a Petrine office in the great biblical texts that refer to Peter. Papal supremacy and infallibility, so central to the Catholic church today, are simply not mentioned. Not a single creed, nor confession of faith, nor catechism, nor passage in patristic writings contains one syllable about the pope, still less about faith and doctrine being derived from him” (Vicars of Christ, DeRosa, 206).
Therefore, by the admission of a Roman Catholic theologian, early Catholic Fathers never claimed Peter was the "Rock" upon which Jesus established His Church! Since Catholics lay such stress upon Church Tradition, why are they ignoring this most important Church Tradition? It seems as though they are terribly selective as to which Church Tradition upon which they are going to build their modern Church!
Paul reiterates in his epistle to the Corinthians that Jesus is the “Rock”. (1 Cor.10:4)
How, then, can men take seriously the claim of Roman Catholicism that Peter is the “unshakeable Rock”? All we can find in Peter’s writings about his own position among the apostles is in 1 Peter 5:1, “The elders which are among you I exhort, who am also an elder….” We also have the testimony of Paul who said that Peter was the “apostle to the circumcision” (i.e. Jews). Listen:
"Moreover, no new requirements were made by those who were reputed to be something--though what was their individual position and whether they really were of importance or not makes no difference to me; God is not impressed with the positions that men hold and He is not partial and recognizes no external distinctions--those I say who were of repute imposed no new requirements upon me, had nothing to add to my Gospel, and from them I received no new suggestions. But on the contrary, when they really saw that I had been entrusted to carry the Gospel to the uncircumcised Gentiles, just as definitely as Peter had been entrusted to proclaim the Gospel to the circumcised Jews, they were agreeable; For He Who motivated and fitted Peter and worked effectively through him for the mission to the circumcised, motivated and fitted me and worked through me also for the mission to the Gentiles."
"And when they knew .... recognized .... the grace that had been bestowed upon me, James and Cephas (Peter) and John, who were reputed to be pillars of the Jerusalem church, gave to me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, with the understanding that we should go to the Gentiles and they to the circumcised (Jews)." (Galatians 2:6-9; Parallel Bible, KJV/Amplified Bible Commentary)
It’s very clear in the Scriptures that Peter is NOT the “Rock” of the church.
The apostle Peter was a married man whose wife traveled with him as he preached the gospel. Matthew 8:14 says, “And when Jesus was come into Peter's house, he saw his wife's mother laid, and sick of a fever.” And again in1 Corinthians 9:5, “Have we not power to lead about a sister, a wife, as well as other apostles, and as the brethren of the Lord, and Cephas?” Notice it says “power” to lead a sister, a wife. By what power did the Roman hierarchy take away the “power” that God gave His own apostles? Is it not reasonable to conclude that if the Roman hierarchy were truly the "successors of Peter" they would have the "power" to lead about a wife.
Rome took heed to the "doctrines of devils" instead of the sweet Doctrines of Jesus Christ, just as the scriptures had foretold in 1 Timothy 4:1-3:
“Now the Spirit speaketh expressly, that in the latter times some shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits, and doctrines of devils; Speaking lies in hypocrisy; having their conscience seared with a hot iron; Forbidding to marry, and commanding to abstain from meats, which God hath created to be received with thanksgiving of them which believe and know the truth.”
No Power To Depose Kings
Pope Gregory VII, in 1075 A.D., made a decree called the Dictatus which listed 27 powers which all popes possessed as the “successors of Peter”. Among those powers listed we read: “That it may be permitted to him [the pope] to depose emperors” and, “that he may absolve subjects from their fealty to wicked men.” Now, as the “successor of Peter”, we should have no problem finding the same doctrine or beliefs in Peter’s writings. Did he depose emperors and free us from serving such men?
Of course, he did not! In fact, he taught exactly the opposite!
“Submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for the Lord's sake: whether it be to the king, as supreme; Or unto governors, as unto them that are sent by him for the punishment of evildoers, and for the praise of them that do well. For so is the will of God, that with well doing ye may put to silence the ignorance of foolish men.” (1 Peter 2:13-15)
It sure doesn’t sound like Peter and Gregory VII are on the same Biblical page! Instead of teaching followers that he had the power to oppose and overthrow kings, Peter rebukes us all to “submit….whether it be to the king, as supreme” for it is the “will of God”! So why then did Gregory come to the conclusion that he had the right to depose kings? Peter De Rosa, in his book, Vicars of Christ: The Dark Side of the Papacy, said that Gregory VII was seeking revenge on behalf of Gregory VI, who was deposed and humiliated by King Henry III in 1046.
“Gregory (VII) was bent on breaking princes once and for all. To him, all were corrupt. They were entitled to less respect than the meanest exorcist who at least cast out devils and did not give them princely hospitality. Monarchs only desire to dominate, said this most lordly of pontiffs. It would need an indecent magnanimity on God’s part to save even one of them from the eternal flames. Everything they do is rooted in pride, yet what have they to offer? A dying king will come to the humblest country priest to be shrived. When did even a lay woman come to an emperor to ask for God’s pardon? Where is the emperor who can grant salvation or make Christ’s Body and Blood with a movement of his lips? A man with no brains can see priests are superior to kings. Then, how far above them all is the pope, successor to Peter? Was it not his duty to cut princes down to size, to offer them a lesson in humility? That never fading memory made this man of inflexible will hold all civil authority in contempt and one day, he was resolved on it, he would have his revenge” (pp. 57-58).
Pope Gregory VII wasn’t interested in Peter’s words because his own pride blinded him. In fact, so full of pride was this pope that he canonized himself. He was also the pope who claimed that the Roman church “has never erred, nor can it err until the end of time”. Yet, he erred when he said that he had the authority as the “successor of Peter” to depose emperors instead of submitting to them for the Lord’s sake as Peter so clearly taught.
Comparing Apostle Peter's Teachings To Catholic Dogma
It seems no matter which subject you choose to deal with, Peter’s life and writings testify against Roman Catholicism. Let’s take a look at what Peter wrote in his epistles and compare them with the practices and doctrines of Rome. Let’s start with Rome's teaching that the word of God and tradition are equal. According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, #82,
"...Both Scripture and Tradition must be accepted and honored with equal sentiments of devotion and reverence."
And again, Catechism #97,
“Sacred Tradition and Sacred Scripture make up a single sacred deposit of the Word of God.”
Notice how the Rome’s Catechism places her “Sacred Tradition” before the “Sacred Scripture”? In fact, she wants you to believe and confess that Catholic traditions are also the “word of God” and should be “accepted and honored” with the same devotion and reverence one has for the Bible. Not only are they disobeying the command of God that no man can add to or take from His word, but they did not listen to their “first pope”, Peter.
Starting in 1 Peter 1:9-12:
"At the same time, you receive the result (outcome, consummation) of your faith, the salvation of your souls. The prophets, who prophesied of the grace (divine blessing) which was intended for you, searched and inquired earnestly about this salvation. They sought[to find out to whom or when this was to come which the Spirit of Christ working within them was indicating when He predicted the sufferings of Christ and the glories that should follow them. It was then disclosed to them that the services they were rendering were not meant for themselves and their period of time, but for you. It is these very things which have now already been made known plainly to you by those who preached the good news (the Gospel) to you by the same Holy Spirit sent from heaven. Into these things the very angels long to look!
“Receiving the end of your faith, even the salvation of your souls. Of which salvation the prophets have enquired and searched diligently, who prophesied of the grace that should come unto you: Searching what, or what manner of time the Spirit of Christ which was in them did signify, when it testified beforehand the sufferings of Christ, and the glory that should follow. Unto whom it was revealed, that not unto themselves, but unto us they did minister the things, which are now reported unto you by them that have preached the gospel unto you with the Holy Ghost sent down from heaven; which things the angels desire to look into.” (Parallel Bible, KJV/Amplified Bible Commentary)
Notice that Peter is saying that the “END of your faith, even the salvation of your souls” was prophesied beforehand, centuries before Jesus began His ministry. Where does this put the Roman traditions that have continuiously "evolved" (changed) through the centuries? In 1 Peter 1:18-25, we read:
“Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, from your vain conversation received by tradition from your fathers; But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot.” Why didn’t Peter exalt tradition as equal to the word of God? Peter wrote that we are to be “established in the PRESENT TRUTH.”
“Wherefore I will not be negligent to put you always in remembrance of these things, though ye know them, and be established in the present truth.” 2 Peter 1:12
First, let’s get a clear definition of the word “established”. It means, “To make stable or firm; to fix immovably or firmly; to set (a thing) in a place and make it stable there; to settle; to confirm”. Peter is telling us that we are to stand “immovably firm” in the “present truth”. Again, this is a testimony against Catholicism which admits readily that its doctrines and practices have “evolved”.
Here are just a few examples of the continual evolution of pagan practices brought into the Roman Catholic Church, starting in 310 A.D.:
Prayers for the dead were introduced in 310
The lighting of candles in 320
The worship of saints about 375
The mass was adopted in 394
The worship of Mary began to develop about 432
Priests began to assume distinctive robes in 500
The doctrine of purgatory was introduced in 593
Worship in Latin (since repealed) was mandated in 600
Claims to Papal Supremacy took firm foot in 606
Feasts in honor of the Virgin Mary began in 650
The custom of kissing the Pope's foot was introduced in 709
The worship of images and relics was authorized in 788
The invention of holy water was about 850
The canonization of saints was formalized in 993
Feasts for the dead were introduced in 1003
The celibacy of the priesthood was declared in 1074
The dogma of Papal infallibility was announced in 1076
Prayer beads were introduced in 1090
The doctrine that there are seven sacraments was introduced in 1140
The sale of indulgences began in 1190
The wafer was substituted for the loaf in 1200
The dogma of transubstantiation was adopted in 1215
Confession was instituted in 1215
The adoration of the Wafer began in 1220
The Ave Maria was introduced in 1316
The cup was taken from the laity in 1415
Purgatory was officially decreed in 1439
Roman tradition was placed on the same level as Scripture in 1546
The Apocrypha was received into the Canon in 1546
The immaculate conception of the Virgin Mary was announced in 1854
The doctrine of the papal infallibility was proclaimed in 1864
The personal corporeal presence of the Virgin in heaven in 1950
All these doctrines that evolved are a far cry from the “present truth” in which Peter says we were to be established, which is the “end of our faith” even “the salvation of our souls". How did Rome miss all of this? Why claim you follow Peter as your “Rock” yet ignore his teachings?
Let’s continue. Rome teaches in her Catechism of the Catholic Church, #85:
"The task of giving an authentic interpretation of the Word of God, whether in its written form or in the form of Tradition, has been entrusted to the living teaching office of the Church alone."
As the “successor of Peter”, the Roman hierarchy claims that it alone (i.e. Catholic teaching magesterium) has the right to interpret scriptures, making itself out to be the one and only great private interpreter of the Bible. This is one of the most important doctrines used by the magesterium to silence all those who dare question its twisting of scriptures! You cannot argue with Catholics using scriptures because they deny you can interpret what you are reading. You’ll often hear such statements as, “That’s your interpretation!”, or “That’s not how the Catholic church interprets that scripture”.
Yes, by private interpretation, Rome does make the scriptures say whatever she wants and no one has the right to question her authority. Interesting enough, Rome uses 2 Peter 1:20-21 to deny each man and woman the right to interpret what they read for themselves. However, this Scripture testifies against Rome!
“Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation. For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost.”
You see, Rome didn’t give us the word, God did! Psalms 68:11 says, “The Lord gave the word: great was the company of those that published it.” And since it was God who gave the word, it is God Who interprets His own word! “...Do not interpretations belong to God?” (Gen.40:8) It is Jesus who told us to “search the scriptures”. It was Jesus who opened up His word after the resurrection! “Then opened he their understanding, that they might understand the scriptures.” (Luke 24:45)
God, who cannot lie, made a promise in Proverbs 1:23,
“Turn you at my reproof: behold, I will pour out my spirit unto you, I will make known my words unto you.”
Did Peter go against the word of God and teach that only he and his successors had the right to privately interpret the scriptures? In all of Peter’s epistles, is there any proof that he taught that each man and woman must come to him and his successors if they wanted to know what the Bible was saying? We know that Paul never taught such things in his writings. In fact, Peter says that he wasn’t taught by man, but by direct revelation from the Savior Himself:
“But I certify you, brethren, that the gospel which was preached of me is not after man. For I neither received it of man, neither was I taught it, but by the revelation of Jesus Christ.” (Gal.1:11-12)
Paul then goes on to write:
“Therefore let no man glory in men. For all things are yours; Whether Paul, or Apollos, or Cephas, or the world, or life, or death, or things present, or things to come; all are yours; And ye are Christ's; and Christ is God's.” (1 Corinthians 3:21-23)
Paul is very clear here that all things are ours through Jesus, so that we wouldn’t glory in men. If Paul was, indeed, taught “by the revelation of Jesus Christ”, and did not “receive it of men” nor was “taught it” by men, then we also have this promise, and we need not glory in other men as though we had not received these things.
So, was Peter in disagreement with Paul? No! Peter said that the epistles of Paul were “scripture” (2 Peter 3:15-16)
Did Peter teach that we needed to read scriptures for ourselves? Or did Peter teach men to come to him and his successors if they wanted something interpreted?
First, we know that Peter called Paul‘s epistles “scriptures”, (2 Peter 3:15-16) so we know Peter agreed with what Paul taught. Let’s look at two specific verses to see if there is an elite group of men above others.
1) “Now this I say, that every one of you saith, I am of Paul; and I of Apollos; and I of Cephas; and I of Christ. Is Christ divided? was Paul crucified for you? or were ye baptized in the name of Paul?” (1 Corinthians 1:12-13)
2) “For while one saith, I am of Paul; and another, I am of Apollos; are ye not carnal?” (1 Corinthians 3:4)
Did you notice that Cephas (i.e. Peter), is not mentioned first in 1 Cor.1:12? Why not? If we are all founded on Peter as the “Rock”, wouldn’t this be the perfect time to mention his name? Had Paul made a point to say that everyone was under Peter, he would have settled the issue once for all! Paul says we all belong to Christ! Paul states that Jesus is the foundation and Rock of the church. (1 Corinthians 3:11, 10:4) Does this mean that Peter and Paul were not in agreement? These are important questions that those of us who dare to go against Rome and read and interpret scripture need to ask! Of course, the Roman hierarchy is not answering because it doesn’t have to answer to the laity who has no power to interpret anything anyway. How convenient!
But Peter does answer the question. 1 Peter 1:17 tells us that we can call on God who is not a respecter of persons. Peter also says we are to commit our souls to Jesus with no mention of committing our souls to the church! (1 Peter 4:19, 5:10) Most of all, Peter tells us how we are born-again!
“Being born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever. For all flesh is as grass, and all the glory of man as the flower of grass. The grass withereth, and the flower thereof falleth away: But the word of the Lord endureth for ever. And this is the word which by the gospel is preached unto you.” (1 Peter 1:23-25)
Peter tells us that we are born-again by the word, the same Word by which the gospel is preached, which was foretold in the Old Testament to “minister” unto all of us!
“Of which salvation the prophets have enquired and searched diligently, who prophesied of the grace that should come unto you: Searching what, or what manner of time the Spirit of Christ which was in them did signify, when it testified beforehand the sufferings of Christ, and the glory that should follow. Unto whom it was revealed, that not unto themselves, but unto us they did minister the things, which are now reported unto you by them that have preached the gospel unto you with the Holy Ghost sent down from heaven; which things the angels desire to look into. Wherefore gird up the loins of your mind, be sober, and hope to the end for the grace that is to be brought unto you at the revelation of Jesus Christ.” (1 Peter 1:10-13)
Peter warn us to be “mindful of the words which were spoken before by the holy prophets” (2 Peter 3:2) and that we have “also a more sure word of prophecy; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed” (2 Peter 1:19), but he also encourages us, “As newborn babes, desire the sincere milk of the word, that ye may grow thereby.” (1 Pet.2:2) Here we have Peter teaching us to read God's Word and heed it! Yet Rome will use 2 Peter 3:16 to discourage her people from trying to study and read the scriptures:
"And consider that the long-suffering of our Lord, His slowness in avenging wrongs and judging the world is salvation, that which is conducive to the soul's safety,even as our beloved brother Paul also wrote to you according to the spiritual insight given him, Speaking of this as he does in all of his letters. There are some things in those epistles of Paul that are difficult to understand, which the ignorant and unstable twist and misconstrue to their own utter destruction, just as they distort and misinterpret the rest of the Scriptures." (Verses 15-16; Parallel Bible, KJV/Amplified Bible Commentary)
Notice it is the “ignorant and unstable” who "twist" the scriptures to their own destruction. But the warning is so that we will read and study as mentioned in previous scriptures. We were NOT to be “unlearned and unstable”. The last verse (3:18) tells us to “grow in grace, and in the knowledge of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ”. If we study and grow in knowledge, we won’t be “unlearned” nor “unstable”.
Once Rome claimed to be the great private interpreter, she made men prisoners to her own "private interpretations". A good example of this is Rome’s clever private interpretation of John 6:53, in which she makes Calvary inaccessible to all men, except they approach a Roman Catholic priest. John 6:53 reads:
“Then Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of man, and drink his blood, ye have no life in you.”
Rome teaches that the words of Jesus are “literal” (if this were true, the “host” would not “contain the blood” ) in contradiction to verse 63 where Jesus explains that the words are not literal, “It is the spirit that quickeneth; the flesh profiteth nothing: the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and they are life.” Since one is forbidden to interpret what Jesus said (i.e. “the words that I speak ...they are spirit”), one is forced to take the Roman Catholic’s interpretation (i.e. “the words are literal”) or risk being labeled a “heretic”. Rome teaches that you can only get this literal “flesh and blood” by coming to a Catholic priest at the Mass where he will miraculously change a piece of bread into “God” by an act called “transubstantiation”. Remember, Jesus said, “Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of man, and drink his blood, ye have NO LIFE IN YOU.” So, if you have to literally eat Jesus or you have “no life in you”, and the only place to get His “literal flesh and blood” is through one of Rome’s priests, you are now the prisoner of Rome. Your salvation hangs in her balance. If she withholds the “flesh and blood” from you, you “will perish”. See how easy it is to privately interpret one scripture and thereby enslave all men to yourself?
Again, how convenient! Had the Catholics been allowed to study and interpret, they might have read all of John, then they would have seen these words:
“And Jesus said unto them, I am the bread of life: he that cometh to me shall never hunger; and he that believeth on me shall never thirst…And this is the will of him that sent me, that every one which seeth the Son, and believeth on him, may have everlasting life: and I will raise him up at the last day.” (John 6:35, 40)
When considering the Catholic Eucharist, I wonder why Rome did not take the words of Jesus in Matthew 15:17 literally?
"Do you not see and understand that whatever goes into the mouth passes into the abdomen and so passes on into the place where discharges are deposited?" (Parallel Bible, KJV/Amplified Bible Commentary)
All these additional doctrines -- most often pagan in origin -- continuously evolved over the years and are a far cry from the “present truth” in which Peter told us to be established. Peter also warned us that false teachers and false prophets would come.
“But there were false prophets also among the people, even as there shall be false teachers among you, who privily shall bring in damnable heresies, even denying the Lord that bought them, and bring upon themselves swift destruction. And many shall follow their pernicious ways; by reason of whom the way of truth shall be evil spoken of. And through covetousness shall they with feigned words make merchandise of you: whose judgment now of a long time lingereth not, and their damnation slumbereth not.” (2 Peter 2:1-3)
No Purgatory Either
Peter says that false teachers would even deny the Lord that “bought them.” This brings us to another doctrine of Rome that evolved, the doctrine of a “purgatory”. In Christianity, we believe that Jesus “purged” our sins and purifies us from all unrighteousness. (Heb.1:3; 1 John 1:9) However, Rome denies the Lord that bought them and teaches men that they must purge their own sins in the fires of purgatory. In the Catechism of the Catholic Church, #1472, we read,
“Grave sin deprives us of communion with God and therefore makes us incapable of eternal life, the privation of which is call the ‘eternal punishment’ of sins. On the other hand every sin, even venial, entails an unhealthy attachment to creatures, which must be purified either here on earth, or after death in the state called Purgatory. This purification frees one from what is called the temporal punishment of sin.”
Catholicism actually teaches that a man or woman may purchase a Mass to be said for a family member in purgatory for a mere $25. Of course, there is no guarantee that the “graces from the Mass you purchased” goes to the one intended. This keeps each member coming back to purchase more Masses for the dead. It’s quite a financial racket -- a gross sham. God warned us through the writings of Peter how Rome would use men.
“And through covetousness shall they with feigned words make merchandise of you: whose judgment now of a long time lingereth not, and their damnation slumbereth not.” (2 Peter 2:3)
Poor Roman Catholics who shell out precious monies to buy Masses for their dead loved ones are being made "merchandise".
Had they heeded the warnings of their first “pope”, they would have known that we are not purchased with corruptible things:
“Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, from your vain conversation received by tradition from your fathers; But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot.” (1 Peter 1:18-19)
Did you notice that not only did Peter’s epistle expose the buying of Masses for the dead as a farce, but he’s bringing into question the tradition of “your fathers”! That’s right, he called the Traditions of the Fathers “vain conversation received by tradition”. Peter is describing Roman Catholicism! Isn’t it wonderful and amazing? God knew beforehand that Catholicism would be founded on the vain conversation received by tradition from their Fathers and He used Peter to expose it! What an awesome God we serve! This is not the only example! It’s incredible how God used Peter to expose all the lies of Rome. Let’s continue!
Rome teaches that Baptism washes away sin. The Catechism of the Catholic Church, #1265, by saying, “Baptism not only purifies from all sin….” has gone against Peter, their “first pope”.
“The like figure whereunto even baptism doth also now save us (NOT THE PUTTING AWAY OF THE FILTH OF THE FLESH, but the answer of a good conscience toward God,) by the resurrection of Jesus Christ.” (1 Peter 3:21)
Catholicism has been known for its fakes and forgeries. For seven centuries, “the Greeks had called Rome the home of forgers” (Vicars of Christ, DeRosa, 59). The Donation of Constantine, Isidorian Decretals, the Apostle’s Creed were all forgeries, and some of the greatest Catholic works were based on forgeries, including Gratian’s Code of Canon Law and Thomas Aquinas’s Summa Theologica.
Often the “saints” of Rome have been exposed as the gods of an ancient religion. “St.” Christopher is a good example. For years, Rome taught men and women to pray to “St.” Christopher for safe travel. Eventually, Rome admitted that there was no such saint, and that it was all just a fable founded on the pagan god, Bacchus. Likewise, the rosary was founded on a fable, yet Rome will continue to deceive the people and let them worship "God" by giving heed to fables. But, Rome’s “first pope”, Peter, said,
“For we have not followed cunningly devised fables, when we made known unto you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but were eyewitnesses of his majesty.” (2 Peter 1:16)
In 1 Peter 4:15, we read:
“But let none of you suffer as a murderer, or as a thief, or as an evildoer, or as a busybody in other men's matters.”
We already know from history that there have been numerous popes, cardinals, bishops, priests and monks who were murderers, thieves, and evildoers surpassing the heathens. The last line in this Scripture is the one I find the most interesting. This phrase, “busybody in other men’s matters,” without a doubt, describes accurately the Roman Catholic confessional. A priest spends his time being a busybody in other men’s matters, listening to every dirty detail and sin that every man, woman or child commits. Just think, it’s the job of every priest to hear all the sins of his congregation, then execute judgment for those sins according to whatever the priest feels is “fair” penance. The Catholic priest will hear the sins of a another man’s wife, sins her own husband might know nothing about! A child may express they had bad thoughts about their sexuality. Is it any wonder there is so much pedophilia among the priests? It’s easy to prey on the weak when it can be done secretly in the confessional. Praise God! This disgusting, degrading practice is condemned in Peter’s epistles.
Mass - The Continual Sacrifice
The Mass is the most offensive Catholic ritual. It denies the finished “once-for-all” (Heb.10:10) sacrifice of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of sins. Peter’s epistles also deal with this subject. In 1 Peter 3:18, we read: "For Christ [the Messiah Himself] died for sins once for all, the Righteous for the unrighteous, the Just for the unjust, the Innocent for the guilty, that He might bring us to God ..." (Parallel Bible, KJV/Amplified Bible Commentary)
Rome has an “eternal victim” in a “continual sacrifice” which never ends. Did you know that a person who continually sacrifices Jesus anew cannot obtain salvation until they stop? Listen carefully:
"For it is impossible to restore and bring again to repentance those who have been once for all enlightened, who have consciously tasted the heavenly gift and have become sharers of the Holy Spirit, And have felt how good the Word of God is and the mighty powers of the age and world to come, If they then deviate from the faith and turn away from their allegiance--it is impossible to bring them back to repentance as long as they nail upon the cross the Son of God afresh .... and are holding Him up to contempt and shame and public disgrace." (Hebrews 6:4-6; Parallel Bible, KJV/Amplified Bible Commentary)
The Bible teaches that Jesus' suffering on the cross was the epitome of shame and public disgrace! Therefore, since the Mass is literally a recreation of Jesus' death on the cross, Rome is continually holding the Son of God up to "contempt and shame and public disgrace." Therefore, no one who participates in a Mass can be saved until they stop attending those services and turn to trust Jesus' gracious sacrifice alone for their salvation. By instituting the Mass, Rome has cut off untold millions of people since 394 A.D. from personal salvation!
Another doctrine that has evolved is the worship of the “Virgin Mary”. Apparitions have increased the practice of offering prayers to and through Mary, often because the apparitions request it. A good example of this is the apparition at Fatima, Portugal, where “Mary” assured the Catholics that God wanted her to have a church built in her honor. This is the same apparition that told three little children that “Many go to hell because there is no one to make sacrifice for them.” Had any of the members of the Catholic hierarchy read what Peter said, they might have discerned that the apparition was the work of devils. Peter said he heard the voice of God from heaven, but we have “a more sure word”... that’s right, a “more sure word” than the voice of God from heaven!
In 2 Peter 1:17-19, we read:
“For he received from God the Father honour and glory, when there came such a voice to him from the excellent glory, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. And this voice which came from heaven we heard, when we were with him in the holy mount. We have also a more sure word of prophecy; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light that shineth in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts.”
What a testimony against Catholicism! Rome heeds the voice of devils blasphemously telling her that there is “no one to make sacrifice for sins”. Jesus is the only one who could make the sacrifice for sins, and He already made the "once-for-all" sacrifice on the cross! Jesus paid the full price for the sins of the world! It is absolutely absurd that Rome sanctioned the apparition of Fatima as truly “Mary” and “Jesus”. At what point are they going to listen to their “first pope”? They should have taken heed to “a more sure word”. Then they would have known that no man has to go to hell because there was already the perfect sacrifice “once for all” as Peter said in his epistle!
Other Key Doctrines Rejected By The Vatican
Rome rejects the doctrine of “eternal security” in Jesus Christ, yet 1 Peter 1:4-5 clearly teaches us that our inheritance is “reserved in heaven”:
"Born anew into an inheritance which is beyond the reach of change and decay, imperishable, unsullied and unfading, reserved in heaven for you, Who are being guarded, garrisoned, by God's power through your faith, till you fully inherit that final salvation that is ready to be revealed for you in the last time." (Parallel Bible, KJV/Amplified Bible Commentary)
Peter also talks about corrupted men who “speak great swelling words of vanity” whereby they promise men liberty, but “they themselves are the servants of corruption.” (2 Peter 2:18-19) This again describes Roman Catholicism. While they promise men liberty, they serve idols which deliver their adherents to Hell. Just as in the Old Testament:
“And it came to pass, when the judge was dead, that they returned, and corrupted themselves more than their fathers, in following other gods to serve them, and to bow down unto them; they ceased not from their own doings, nor from their stubborn way. So the anger of the Lord was kindled ... ” (Judges 2:19-20a)
“And the high places that were before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the mount of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had builded for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Zidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination of the children of Ammon, did the king defile.” (2 Kings 23:13)
Peter never speaks of a special priesthood where men are able to make “God” out of a piece of bread. However, Peter does tell us that we are all priests!
“Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ.” (1 Peter 2:5)
Rome is notorious for putting men up on pedestals by making them “saints”, or giving them flattering titles (Job 32:21-22), ignoring the fact that all believers are “saints” according to the word of God. Peter tells us that God is not a respecter of persons, “And if ye call on the Father, who without respect of persons…” (1 Peter 1:17)
It’s interesting that Peter is the one who reminds us of the sin of Balaam who, for love of unrighteous gain, taught Balak to cast up a stumbling block before the children of Israel. It just so happens that Peter is describing the Catholic hierarchy to perfection:
"They have eyes full of harlotry, insatiable for sin. They beguile and bait and lure away unstable souls. Their hearts are trained in covetousness, lust, greed, they are children of a curse .... Forsaking the straight road they have gone astray; they have followed the way of Balaam, the son of Beor, who loved the reward of wickedness. (2 Peter 2:14-15; Parallel Bible, KJV/Amplified Bible Commentary)
When we talk of “covetous practices”, it isn’t hard to see purgatory as a major source of collecting money for sin. But Rome has many ways to collect and make merchandise out of men, from charging for every ritual they perform, to the selling of idols such as rosaries, scapulars, statues, etc. Killing men because they were deemed “heretics” and confiscating their property was another easy way to collect for their covetousness. Thomas Aquinas, one of Rome’s greatest theologians, said that “heretics should be executed” (Vicars of Christ, DeRosa, 60).
Of course Rome no longer calls Christians “heretics”, but rather, “separated brethren”. When Rome burned “separated brethren” at the stake and tortured those who loved Jesus and embraced the true gospel, she wasn’t obeying her “first pope”, Peter, who said that they were to add to godliness “brotherly kindness; and to brotherly kindness charity.” (2 Peter 1:7)
“Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned love of the brethren, see that ye love one another with a pure heart fervently.” (1 Peter 1:22)
Again, I have to wonder how torturing and killing “separated brethren” can be “unfeigned love of the brethren” or love with a “pure heart”. The only fervent thing in Rome is her desire to hate the “separated brethren” and kill them or silence them. While killing those who disagree has never been genuine Christianity, Pagans almost immediately turn to the sword. Listen to Jesus admonish His disciples on this issue:
"... and they went, and entered into a village of the Samaritans, to make ready for him. And they did not receive him ... And when his disciples James and John saw this, they said, Lord, wilt thou that we command fire to come down from heaven, and consume them, even as Elias did? But he turned, and rebuked them, and said, Ye know not what manner of spirit ye are of. For the Son of man is not come to destroy men's lives, but to save them." [Luke 9:52-56]
From Jesus' own lips we hear that He does not expect His followers to kill those who would not receive Him and His Gospel! His "spirit" is not one of physical vengeance, but of long-suffering and of love. Thus is the spirit of Roman Catholicism shown by her hundreds of years of Inquisition to be from the Abyss, not from Heaven. Lest you think that modern Rome has changed her stripes, remember that Pope Benedict XVI was the head of the Office of Inquisition before he ascended into the Papacy.
Modern Rome will produce the Second Beast of Revelation 13 -- verses 11-18. This Beast will perform all the power and signs of the First Beast and will force all mankind to take the "Mark of the Beast" or be killed. Whereas the Rome of history killed her tens of millions during the Inquisition, the modern Roman Pontiff, acting as the Biblical False Prophet, will kill hundreds of millions, as the final chapters of world history is finally played out.
Many scandals have plagued the Catholic church throughout the centuries but Rome tends to silence history by rewriting it. Today’s scandals are not so easily erased by the pen. Rome has been forced to pay millions of dollars for the crimes of her pedophile priests. Sodomy within her ranks, along with AIDS, has also become an alarming problem for Rome.
Isn’t it interesting that it would be Peter who would bring up Sodom and Gomorrha and her judgment?
"And He condemned to ruin and extinction the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah, reducing them to ashes, and thus set them forth as an example to those who would be ungodly." (2 Peter 2:6)
Blind obedience is demanded by all who enter into Roman Catholicism. Rome is famous for her saying, “Upon entering Catholicism, one must leave reason, like a lantern, at the door.” Now, my friend, these are not the words of some “Protestants” angry at Rome for her lies; these are her own words! I am pleading with Catholics everywhere to go back, and pick up their “reason” that they left at the door when they entered Rome's religious system, and re-evaluate what they have just been taught in light of the Holy Scriptures. Keep in mind the words of our Lord in Isaiah 1:18, “Come now, and let us reason together, saith the LORD.”
If your own “first pope”, Peter, is not in agreement with your Roman Catholic system, then it’s time to leave it and seek eternal truth -- the kind of truth which will deliver you to Heaven safely, soundly, and for eternity!
By Rebecca A. Sexton
The very fact that this terribly pagan religious system could now be in the ascendency, thanks to the promotional efforts of the Mass Media, leading politicians throughout the world, and apostate Christian leaders is another huge "sign of the times", pointing to the soon appearance of Antichrist (First Beast) and his religious False Prophet (Second Beast).
Are you spiritually ready? Is your family? Are you adequately protecting your loved ones? This is the reason for this ministry, to enable you to first understand the peril facing you, and then help you develop strategies to warn and protect your loved ones. Once you have been thoroughly trained, you can also use your knowledge as a means to open the door of discussion with an unsaved person. I have been able to use it many times, and have seen people come to Jesus Christ as a result. These perilous times are also a time when we can reach many souls for Jesus Christ, making an eternal difference.
If you have accepted Jesus Christ as your personal Savior, but have been very lukewarm in your spiritual walk with Him, you need to immediately ask Him for forgiveness and for renewal. He will instantly forgive you, and fill your heart with the joy of the Holy Spirit. Then, you need to begin a daily walk of prayer and personal Bible Study.
If you have never accepted Jesus Christ as Savior, but have come to realize His reality and the approaching End of the Age, and want to accept His FREE Gift of Eternal Life, you can also do so now, in the privacy of your home. Once you accept Him as Savior, you are spiritually Born Again, and are as assured of Heaven as if you were already there. Then, you can rest assured that the Kingdom of Antichrist will not touch you spiritually.
If you would like to become Born Again, turn to our Salvation Page now.
We hope you have been blessed by this ministry, which seeks to educate and warn people, so that they can see the coming New World Order -- Kingdom of Antichrist -- in their daily news.
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We developed an essentially two-dimensional planar benchtop model of an untethered collapsed airway to investigate the influence of fluid properties (viscosity, μ and surface tension, γ) and the structural characteristics (effective diameter, D, longitudinal tension, T, and fluid film thickness, H) on airway reopening. This simplified model was used to quantify the relationship between wall deformation and meniscus curvature during reopening. We measured the pressure (P) required to move the meniscus at a constant velocity (U), and found the dimensionless post-startup pressure (PD/γ) increased monotonically with the capillary number (Ca = μU/γ). Startup pressures depend on the fluid viscosity and piston acceleration, and may significantly increase reopening pressures. Consistently stable steady-state pressures existed when Ca > 0.5. D was the most dominant structural characteristic, which caused an increase in the post-startup pressure (P) for a decrease in D. An increase in H caused a slight decrease in the reopening pressure, but a spatial variation in H resulted in only a transient increase in pressure. T did not significantly affect the reopening pressure. From our planar two-dimensional experiments an effective yield pressure of 3.69 γ/D was extrapolated from the steady-state pressures. Based on these results, we predicted airway pressures and reopening times for axisymmetrically collapsed airways under various disease states. These predictions indicate that increasing surface tension (as occurs in Respiratory Distress Syndrome) increases the yield pressure necessary to reopen the airways, and increasing viscosity (as in cystic fibrosis) increases the time to reopen once the yield pressure has been exceeded.
An Experimental Model Investigation of the Opening of a Collapsed Untethered Pulmonary Airway
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Perun, M. L., and Gaver, D. P., III (August 1, 1995). "An Experimental Model Investigation of the Opening of a Collapsed Untethered Pulmonary Airway." ASME. J Biomech Eng. August 1995; 117(3): 245–253. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2794177
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Spacewalk No. 2 unfolds on 40th moon anniversary
NASA begins 202nd spacewalk by Americans since the Apollo 11 lunar excursion.
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. — The astronauts aboard the shuttle-station complex celebrated the 40th anniversary of man’s first moon landing with their own spacewalk Monday, heading outside to stockpile some big spare parts.
In the second outing of their mission, David Wolf and Thomas Marshburn emerged from the international space station 220 miles above the planet. The spacewalk unfolded 40 years to the day that two other astronauts — Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin — strolled the moon’s dusty surface.
It was the 202nd spacewalk by Americans since the Apollo 11 lunar excursion.
“How cool,” astronaut Julie Payette said to mark the big day.
As Wolf and Marshburn got started on the job, the astronauts inside added some new parts to fix a broken toilet. The repairs were successful, to everyone’s relief.
The commode — one of three on the linked station and shuttle Endeavour — stopped working Sunday after a pump separator flooded. It was out of action for about 24 hours.
NASA wanted the station commode working again as soon as possible. With a record number of people on board — 13 — having three working toilets is crucial.
Complicating matters was the fact that Endeavour cannot eject any waste water while it’s docked to the space station. The water would spray all over the newly attached porch on the Japanese lab, and possibly corrode it. With the toilet fixed, there was no longer any worry about coming close to filling Endeavour’s waste water tank.
The spare parts being attached to the space station Monday — an antenna, pump and engine for a rail car — were hauled up by Endeavour.
NASA wants to have as many extra pieces up there as possible so that when the shuttles stop flying, the station will be able to get along without their big deliveries. None of the other spacecraft that visit the outpost can hold nearly as much cargo as the shuttle.
Monday’s spacewalk was much quieter than the one Saturday. Loud static filled the airwaves throughout the earlier excursion and made it difficult to hear the spacewalkers, the result of improperly positioned microphones in the helmet of one of the men. The cap with those microphones will not be used again.
Three more spacewalks are planned during Endeavour’s station visit, which ends July 28. | <urn:uuid:2c552856-fecc-4165-9884-0979acefc020> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.csmonitor.com/Technology/Tech/2009/0720/spacewalk-no-2-unfolds-on-40th-moon-anniversary | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00522-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954037 | 533 | 2.34375 | 2 |
In Heather Guertin’s big paintings, circles swell and overlap, their soft borders visible in translucent, woolly blends. An Appearance, Blue (all works 2016) has the look and coloring of a beach ball. Vision, Indent looks jaunty with bright shades of cerulean and orange, but one of the inner ovals shyly bends inward, making the shape of a bean. Cartoonish eyes float near the upper reaches of the circles, hinting that each image is a sort of inverted emoji, where expressivity comes not from the arrangement of features on a surface but rather from the modulation of colors and the kinks and divots in the lines. The effect is most striking in Nadir, Yellow, where arcs hued like overripe bananas are packed in a long, narrow rectangle rather than the broad canvases of the other paintings. It’s a vortex of interiority that sucks the whole room into itself. —Brian Droitcour
Pictured: Heather Guertin: Vision, Indent, 2016, oil on canvas, 96 by 68 inches. Courtesy Brennan & Griffin, New York. | <urn:uuid:5af63f5a-b140-4f7a-9e72-5727eb448c83> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.artnews.com/art-in-america/features/heather-guertin-57308/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.913523 | 232 | 1.523438 | 2 |
That's why, when I meet an old friend, Rina from ITI's alumni, we looking for Korean restaurant.
Then, Rina took me to this restaurant, named Mujigae Resto. I followed her and we had a little bit argued because she wanted me try this, but I don't want it. Thank God, I finally followed her.
Before we entered the restaurant,
there is an instagram box. We can upload the pictures here, then printed it.
Well, this restaurant is so gadget friendly, because you can order the menu from the tablet. Every table has one, you can cancel or order without calling the waiters.
I ordered the Dosirak package that served with kimchi, and japchae, a Korean dish that I like. Aaw, this package also include Ice Jasmine Tea, bap 밥 (rice) and fried nugget made from shrimp. The japchae is garnished with sesame seed and slivers of chili.
It was first made in the early 17th century, when the Joseon Dynasty was reigning in the Korean peninsula. They King hosted a party at his palace, and his chef was created this dish, because there's a lots of sliced beef and chili left.
Alas, the King liked it sooo much, that he rewarded his liege by promoting him to the position of hojo panseo (or secretary of the treasury!)
Japchae also made without noodles, and made with thinly shredded vegetables and mushroom. But now, they regularly make it from cellophane noodles made from sweet potato starch (dangmyeon).
Rina ordered the package with chicken, bulgogi, kimchi and fried nugget (sorry but I forgot the name >_<). So we can share the menu ...
Yes, we know that Kimchi is Korea's national dish. Long time ago, Kimchi was made of cabbage and beef stock only. Red chili, a new world vegetable not found in Korea, but introduced to Korea from Japan and was first documented in the 18th century.
Oh, red chili pepper flakes are now used as the main ingredient for spice and source of heat for many varieties of kimchi.
|Yangnyeom tongdak, chicken marinated garnished with seed|
For the main course, we both liked bulgogi, ofcourse. This is the famous Korean dish, means grilled beef sliced marinated.
Bulgogi itself, made from thin slices of sirloin or other prime cuts of beef. In here, they served with a somekind of hot plate, so we can grilled by ourselves. So much fun, ah?
The marinated itself, made from garlic, pepper, sugar, soy sauce and sugar. There's also other ingredients such as scallions, ginger, onions and mushrooms. (matsutake)
Bulgogi can serve itself with bap or already mixed with it (bibimbap). In Indonesia, you can ordered kind of this bibimbap at warteg, okay... it's called Nasi Campur! LOL
The whole restaurant area is so colorful. I felt comfortable because I sat over kind of "tatami" ala ala... LOL.
Overall, this lunch at Mujigae was so much fun, enjoyable, satisfying. Oh, it's also affordable. I will going back every time ^^ and being a regular customer.
Summarecon Serpong Mall DGF 225 & D1F 226
Boulevard Raya Gading Serpong, Kelapa Dua Tangerang
Opening Hours : 10.00 - 22.00
Instagram, FB and twitter : @ mujigaeresto | <urn:uuid:b6ffe631-339f-4e8c-8885-6465d18b39c3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.tantiamelia.com/2015/11/nongkrong-bersama-rina-di-mujigae.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00405-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958188 | 785 | 1.539063 | 2 |
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John McCain says Barack Obama will raise taxes for everyone.
Obama says McCain will give the rich tax cuts while cutting needed services.
McCain accuses Obama of giving government hand-outs. Obama accuses McCain of not being in touch.
Aside from the accusations, where do the presidential nominees stand on the economy? Following is a summary of Barack Obama’s plans for the future, as well as his past actions to improve the economy.
- Senator Barack Obama plans to jumpstart the economy by enacting an Emergency Energy Rebate to American Families. This long term plan is to provide middle class families with $1000 a year or more for energy relief.
- He plans to prevent 1 million Americans from losing their jobs by preventing cutbacks in key areas like road, bridge maintenance, education, health, and more.
- He plans to eliminate taxes for seniors making less than $50,000 a year, and simplify tax filings for middle class Americans saving time and tax filing fees for both groups.
- He plans to fight for fair trade. This means pressuring the WTO to stop subsidizing countries that do not follow agreements, amend the free trade agreement so that American Workers also benefit, and provide assistance for American workers who have been displaced or who are in danger of being displaced. This also includes eliminating tax breaks for companies that send jobs overseas and rewarding companies that support American Workers.
- He plans to create 5 million green jobs by investing in the manufacture of clean energy and technology.
- He plans to create new jobs by building bridges, roads, ports, air and train systems, and improve the overall infrastructure of the United States.
- He plans to create new jobs through investing in innovation such as sciences, and next generation broad band.
- He plans to support small businesses through tax relief and start up companies. As well as create more business incubators.
- He plans to support the creation of labor unions and will fight for the Employee Free Choice Act.
- He plans to protect home ownership and eliminate mortgage fraud while closing the bankruptcy loophole for mortgage companies.
- He plans to address predatory credit card practices by creating a credit card rating system and establishing a Credit Card Bill of Rights to Protect Consumers.
- He plans to reform bankruptcy laws in order to protect working people. This will ban executive bonuses for bankrupt companies, protect families in medical crisis, and also cap payday loans and improve disclosure.
- He will finance measures that support a work/family balance. This includes expanding the Family Medical Leave Act, encouraging states to adopt paid leave, expanding after school opportunities, expanding child and dependent care tax, protect caregiver discrimination in the workplace, and expand flexible work arrangements.
The above information is paraphrased from Barack Obama’s campaign website.
With all this said about what he plans to do and what he hopes to do, the question remains, what has Barack Obama done for the economy lately?
- Stop Fraud Act to increase penalties for mortgage fraud.
- Called attention to predatory lending issues in Illinois and lobbied to regulate such practices.
- Patriot Employer Act of 2007 to provide a tax credit to companies that maintain as many or more US workers as those they hire outside the US.
For a side-by-side comparison, check out John McCain’s plans for the economy.
I have been a certified tightwad striving for financial freedom since I became pregnant with my first child — and I decided to find a way to stay home with him full-time. I enjoy sharing my personal experiences in my journey back to financial health and planning for a future — which will include sending 2 kids to college and early retirement. | <urn:uuid:a82310cb-13b6-471a-ab0c-0f8ee533e80e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://personal-finance.thefuntimesguide.com/obama_economy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.95336 | 778 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Newswise — BALTIMORE, MD – On early earth, a series of spontaneous events needed to happen in order for life as we know it to begin. One of those phenomena is the formation of compartments enclosed by lipid membranes. New research by Irep Gözen, Elif Koksal, and colleagues at the University of Oslo reveals, for the first time, how these vesicles can self-assemble on surfaces without external input. The team discovered the most straight-forward and plausible explanation so far with the simplest assumptions. They will present their research at the 63rd Biophysical Society Annual Meeting, to be held March 2 - 6, 2019 in Baltimore, Maryland.
Gözen’s lab was originally focused on biomaterials, not origins of life research.
“We were actually trying to do another experiment and this came as a discovery,” said Gözen. “The formation of lipid tubes and the emergence of thousands of vesicles was happening spontaneously when we left lipids on a silicon dioxide surface.”
The lipids in their experiment were similar to those in bacteria membranes and have water-loving heads and water-avoiding tails. Because of these water-preferring properties, they spontaneously organize with their tails facing inward and their heads facing out. On the silicon dioxide surface, the lipids became sheets, with layers of these organized lipids. Due to the stickiness of the surface, at some points the two layers separate, and the top layer bulges out, creating tubes and then round balls as they gain more lipids. The entire process is fully autonomous. A gentle flow from the movement of liquid can then cause these vesicles to detach from the surface creating protocells, like those believed to be a stepping-stone to the origin of life.
“This is a new and novel means of compartmentalization,” Gözen said.
It is conceivable that something similar happened on early earth. Silicone dioxide, or silica, is one of the most abundant minerals on the earth’s surface. Fatty molecules could have easily existed in the previological era, as confirmed by the results of their successful synthesis performed in possible primitive Earth conditions, together with their traces found in fossils and meteorites. Intriguingly, silicon dioxide was recently detected on Mars by the Curiosity Rover.
Another puzzle in life’s beginnings is how genetic material got inside of protocells. It is not known whether the compartments formed around the already-existing lengthy genetic chains such as RNA, or if the small building blocks somehow found their way inside these tiny bubbles and made the chains inside. Gözen and colleagues added a light-emitting organic molecule similar in size to nucleotides, the genetic building blocks, to the surrounding of the bubbles. Such molecules which were too big to diffuse through the wall of the bubble, could get inside without compromising the protocells. They speculate it gets through transient defects or pores in the protocell wall.
“Our research may explain, for the first time, the details of self-directed transition from weakly organized lipids on solid surfaces to protocells with secluded internal contents,” Gözen said.
The Biophysical Society, founded in 1958, is a professional, scientific Society established to encourage development and dissemination of knowledge in biophysics. The Society promotes growth in this expanding field through its annual meeting, monthly journal, and committee and outreach activities. Its 9,000 members are located throughout the U.S. and the world, where they teach and conduct research in colleges, universities, laboratories and government agencies. www.biophysics.org. | <urn:uuid:b78a73e5-6e5f-48b4-8bb4-10406ef59058> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newswise.com/articles/scientists-discover-how-surfaces-may-have-helped-early-life-on-earth-begin | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.957528 | 754 | 4.03125 | 4 |
If you had hoped to take photographs to look like "a dark and stormy night" but Mother Nature wouldn't cooperate, you don't have to replan and reshoot your images. Manipulate the Man in the Moon and other creepy effects by taking your photos into a graphics program, such as Adobe Photoshop. With Photoshop, you're able to add dark and creepy effects to a not-so-creepy photo, controlling how your images turn out on the screen no matter what they looked like on the other end of your camera.
- Skill level:
Other People Are Reading
Open Photoshop, click the "File" menu and select "Open." Navigate to the photo to turn dark and creepy and double-click it. The picture will open in the Photoshop workspace. Click the "View" menu at the top of the screen. Select "Fit on Screen" so you can see the entire image.
Click the "Image" menu at the top of the screen, click "Adjustments" and select "Brightness/Contrast." Drag the window off the picture so you can see both. Slowly slide both the "Brightness" and "Contrast" bars to the left, seeing how they darken the image. Click "OK" when satisfied.
Click "Image" and "Adjustments" again, this time selecting "Hue/Saturation." Move the "Lightness" bar to the left to remove more light from the picture. Slide the "Hue" bar to the left or right to change the overall colours left in the image, such as turning everything a blood-red sheen. Move the "Saturation" bar to the right to amp up the brightness of the small bits of colour left in the image or to the left to turn everything shades of grey. Click the "OK" button.
Click the "Lasso" tool on the "Tools" palette on the left side of the screen. Draw an outline around an object in the picture, such as a person or animal. Right-click the blinking dotted lines and select "Layer via Copy."
Click the "Window" menu and select "Layers" to open the "Layers" window. Double-click Layer 1 to open the "Layer Style" window. Check both the "Outer Glow" and "Drop Shadow" boxes to give the object a lit-from-behind and shadowed look. Click "OK" to close the window.
Repeat the "Layer Style" process for other objects in the picture by clicking the Background layer in the palette, selecting the "Lasso" and starting again.
Click the lined icon at the top-right of the "Layers" palette, select "Flatten Image" and click "OK." Click the "File" menu, click "Save As" and give the photo a new name to preserve the original.
- 20 of the funniest online reviews ever
- 14 Biggest lies people tell in online dating sites
- Hilarious things Google thinks you're trying to search for | <urn:uuid:865b64f5-77b7-4bad-bb42-f94eeec9d70f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.ehow.co.uk/how_7304039_make-look-dark-creepy-photoshop.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721558.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00045-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.891106 | 624 | 2.328125 | 2 |
With the ever increasing cost of wood and metal products, many consumers are seeking a lower cost alternative to shelter their valuable possessions. Fabric covered temporary sheds are one option to consider as due to a number of different advantages. Fabric temporary sheds are metal framed structures which utilize a fabric cover tensioned tightly to the frame via ratchets and nylon strapping. Fabric sheds have been quite popular and have a wide array of uses. Some of the most frequent uses of a temporary shelter are vehicle, equipment, watercraft, trailer, and bulk material storage. Snow, rain, sleet, and heavy sunlight can deteriorate car and truck components quickly. One of the most harmful effects of “mother nature” is sunlight. Heavy sunlight can cause rapid paint deterioration and cause harmful effects to interior components. With protection from fabric temporary sheds, the harmful effects of “mother nature” can be prevented. In addition to vehicle storage, another common use of a temporary shed is to store bulk materials such as lumber, salt, and grain. By storing the above items in a fabric shed, product deterioration can be prevented or reduced. Another common use of temporary sheds is to store trailers, boats, RVs, and equipment. Many consumers often store boats and RVs outside which exposes them to Mother Nature’s harmful effects. Tires are easily “dry rotted” after being exposed to the sun for a number of years. RVs which have been exposed to adverse weather conditions for years may experience leaks as a result of sealing component deterioration. Many businesses such as landscapers and construction companies will store trailers and construction equipment in a temporary shed to prevent weathering. We invite all prospective consumers to view our large selection of temporary sheds and shelters by selecting the appropriate width to the left. All temporary sheds are conveniently listed by size to the left. Click on photos to obtain details on prices, features, warranty, and shipping information.
We are continuously looking to improve our website in order to provide potential and existing customers with a pleasant purchasing experience. We welcome any feedback to support with improvement of our site. We offer a number of pages within the website to provide detailed information which cannot be found on the individual boat shelter pages. We invite all potential fabric covered temporary shed customers to view these pages. The links to these pages can be found below. Our temporary sheds are intended to provide consumers with the ideal outdoor storage solution for a their car, truck, SUV, ATV, boat or other watercraft. There are a number of frequent questions which can be answered by view our frequently asked questions page. In addition, our terms and conditions page will provide consumers with specific details regarding their purchase. We always strive to provide a desirable temporary shed purchasing process. Our ordering and shipping page provides consumers with more details regarding boat shed ordering and delivery. All temporary shed customers desire to understand the complete warranty situation regarding their product. As a result, our warranty and returns section will provide all of these details for temporary sheds. If for any reason, all of these information pages do not answer your questions, will invite you to contact us by email or phone | <urn:uuid:532d4537-029e-4af6-82a1-1217e82a9e0f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.portablegarageshelter.com/temporary-sheds/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.943717 | 629 | 1.648438 | 2 |
BFF file extension - AIX backup file
What is bff file? How to open bff files?
File type specification:
The bff file extension is associated with AIX, an operating system for IBM 6150 RISC workstation and others based on UNIX developed and sold by IBM.
A *.bff file contains contains backup created in AIX system.
The default software associated to bff file type:
Company or developer:
AIX (Advanced Interactive eXecutive) is a series of proprietary Unix operating systems developed and sold by IBM for several of its computer platforms.
List of software applications associated to the .bff file extension
Recommended software programs are sorted by OS platform (Windows, Mac OS X etc.) and possible program actions
that can be done with the file: like open bff file, edit bff file, convert bff file, view bff file, play bff file etc. (if exist software for corresponding action in File-Extensions.org's database).
Click on the tab below to simply browse between the application actions, to quickly get a list of recommended software, which is able to perform the specified software action, such as opening, editing or converting of the bff files.
- Open bff file
- Create bff file
- Backup bff file | <urn:uuid:9e649d3a-9aa5-4a5a-986b-9c8aca6ec3b4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.file-extensions.org/bff-file-extension-aix-backup-file | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00301-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.904645 | 276 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Women of various socioeconomic standing attend this institution for supply including personal patients of high socioeconomic standing and low and middle income ladies who represent the bulk of the clientele. In basic ladies don’t smoke although passive smoking from exposure to husband’s smoking or from cooking on open fire is common. Data on smoking or on methodology of cooking was not routinely collected. [newline]Pregnant ladies with HIV and STI get free remedy within the Government Hospitals round Vellore, and hence they very occasionally attend CMCH and this knowledge has additionally not been included on this analysis. There is a major reduction in the incidence of SGA by 26% over 15 years. The women with the above modifiable danger factors have to be recognized early and supplied with well being schooling on optimum birth weight. Increasing women’s labor force participation by 10 share points may add $770 billion to India’s GDP by 2025.
Meena Soni , a group motion group leader with Mahila Housing Trust, organizes a gathering with native girls to formulate a Slum Action Plan in Ahmedabad, India. Tribal consultation and engagement shall continue as the methods required by this order are implemented. This is a legacy of wheat-cultivation, deep-tillage, pastoralism, patrilineal patrilocal kinship, caste-based policing, and invasions.
A Simple Secret For Indian Girl Unmasked
They can, more easily than men, keep it up propaganda against hazards of unhygienic situations beneath which the villagers stay. In urban areas they can effectively take up the duty of visiting and teaching the orphans and the helpless widows within the orphanages and the widow welfare centres. They can practice them in stitching, knitting, embroidery and nursing in which ladies by nature excel. For greater than 20 years, the Desai Foundation, the nonprofit that I head, has been working with local ladies in India to provide access to well being care, vocational skills, and menstrual health management. In the 1,000 villages where we work, we’ve managed to make important progress, impacting over a million lives. However, we all know that this pandemic doesn’t simply flip the calendar back solely 15 months for Indian women and girls, however potentially years — even many years — on the way individuals assume and strategy the significance of girls’ education and women’s empowerment.
How Frequently Does Your Indian Girls Make Your Neighbors Say This
Moreover, gold standard ultrasound was not obtainable to all girls on this cohort which is a state of affairs repeatedly observed in lots of low earnings nations. In addition the data for the women for whom it was obtainable could not be retrieved. Nevertheless the big inhabitants of women evaluated here with consistent courting using the same method of Dubowitz gestational age assessment still permitted an analysis of the SGA trends throughout time. However, we wouldn’t have such knowledge to correlate these changes with the incidence of SGA. George et al. have reported excessive rates of SGA when the foetal progress was considered in opposition to the Canadian foetal progress commonplace. We are skeptical in using Indian requirements which were reported in in view of the socio demographic transition that has happened over the last forty years in terms of improved entry to care, good diet and so forth. .
Before 1930, only 38% of Indian households engaged in dowry-payments. There is definitely a correlation between historically hot indian girls low yields and up to date intercourse ratios.
Indian Girl – Dead or Alive?
But by some projections its workforce won’t exceed China’s till mid-century, although Indians are much younger. The International Labour Organisation says that solely a fifth of grownup ladies had a job or sought one in 2019, in contrast with three-fifths in China.
Of these, 36,674 deliveries have been registered through the outpatient clinics and 3867 SGA infants had been observed throughout this 15 yr period in this group. The mean height, weight and BMI was a hundred and fifty five.4 cm (6.1, a hundred and twenty and 189); 62.9 kg (11.four, 30, 140) and 26 (4.three, 9.0, fifty seven.4) respectively.
Before the ISS group began guarding the premises at night, solely a handful of the client´s feminine workers agreed to go in for night responsibility. When the group was first deployed, they had been supported by inside announcements from the client elevating consciousness among their female workers about having a group of woman safety guards on evening responsibility. This raised the arrogance of the client´s feminine workers and the variety of ladies opting in for night shifts has increased significantly. That’s why my father always advised me ‘one day you’ll play a giant position on the planet, you may be an example to the feminine community,’” she mentioned.
Consistent engagement, commitment, and collaboration will drive long-term enchancment to public safety for all Native Americans. Despite a shared culture of purdah, ladies’s labour force participation varies throughout the North. | <urn:uuid:1ab64535-6190-44e6-a531-57677b4f55d0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vegasvideography.com/the-unadvertised-facts-in-to-indian-girl-that-many-people-dont-find-out-about/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.945904 | 1,060 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Microbial Phys. Textbook??
Michael F. Hynes
hynes at acs.ucalgary.ca
Mon Oct 9 12:15:47 EST 1995
I find "phyisiology of the bacterial cell, a molecular approach" by
Neidhardt, Ingraham and Schaechter to be quite good, though far from
perfect. I have a 1990 edition and don't know whether there is a newer
one. Check with Sinauer, the publishers.
I haven't actually taught a microbial physiology course using this text,
but the course in our dept. uses Gottschalk, and the students in the
course who have borrowed the aobve book from me vastly prefer it to
More information about the Microbio | <urn:uuid:9b68c34d-3717-44b5-af78-4ad87eb71c8b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/microbio/1995-October/003395.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00223-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.848683 | 158 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Also called the pass efficiency rating, a statistical measure of the overall ability of a quarterback. As with most statistics, it lies... awarding a higher rating to quarterbacks who throw short passes*
(see: West Coast Offense
), completely ignoring a quarterback's escapability
and running ability, and punishing quarterbacks in offensive schemes where rushing is prevalent‡
The following equation, adopted in 1973, is used to calculate quarterback rating in the NFL (college football uses a different scheme):
(CP + YG + TP + IP) * 16.67
CP = (completion percentage - 30) * .05
if CP < 0, CP = 0
if CP > 2.375, CP = 2.375
YG = (average yards gained per attempt - 3) * .25
if YG < 0, YG = 0
if YG > 2.375, YG = 2.375
TP = touchdown percentage * .2
if TP > 2.375, TP = 2.375
IP = 2.375 - (interception percentage * .25)
if IP < 0, IP = 0
Using that equation, you can see that the highest possible quarterback rating is 158.3. Steve Young
holds the record for the highest actual QB rating in a season, with 112.8 in 1994 (461 attempts, 324 completions, 3,969 yards, 35 touchdowns, 10 interceptions).
* While YG compensates for short passes, short passing schemes result in a much higher completion percentage, and yards after catch (YAC) are all credited to the quarterback as well. So, if a QB throws a pass to a receiver one yard downfield, who then jolts down the field for forty more yards, the quarterback is rewarded with a 41 yard pass.
‡ While a team that focuses on the running game will tend to have a quarterback with fewer attempts, they are also more likely to run on every down inside the red zone, forcing a quarterback to earn his touchdowns on long, low percentage passes. | <urn:uuid:3dfe7a96-8fee-4a81-a82c-89dcfc958a03> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://everything2.com/title/quarterback+rating | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00458-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938197 | 424 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Response to Venepuncture for Monitoring in Primary Schools
Normand, I. Colin
Archives of Disease in Childhood. 1994 May; 70(5): 367-372.
The feasibility and acceptability of collecting blood from children by venepuncture was assessed in a sample of 593 children from seven primary schools in Canterbury. Venepuncture is necessary to obtain blood for the measurement of haemoglobin, ferritin, and cholesterol in line with Department of Health surveys in England. Return of consent forms was 87%; 75% of parents in the total sample allowed their child to be tested. Response rates differed between schools. Only 4% of eligible children refused to participate at the time of testing. In 22 (3.7%) children a blood sample could not be obtained or the volume was insufficient for analysis. There was a significant difference in the failure rate between phlebotomists. Venepuncture in the school setting was technically feasible and acceptable. The reluctance of some groups in the community to participate may bias the sample.
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Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
Ehringhaus, Susan H.; Weissman, Joel S.; Sears, Jacqueline L.; Goold, Susan Dorr; Feibelmann, Sandra; Campbell, Eric G. (2008-02-13)CONTEXT: Institutional financial conflicts of interest may affect research results. No national data exist on the extent to which US medical schools have formally responded to challenges associated with institutional ... | <urn:uuid:ea6f2dfe-122d-40f8-8315-eb351ab1918f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/752000 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00482-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.900963 | 398 | 2.4375 | 2 |
Samsung would sell the nanochips to PanSemi, a subsidiary of MicroBT.
MicroBT could supercharge its Bitcoin miners by working with 3nm chips.
Samsung will start testing 3-nanometer (nm) chips intended for its customers as soon as this week. The first to be dispatched will be MicroBT, one of the manufacturers of ASIC equipment to mine Bitcoin, according to the local press.
According to the information of The Electricwhich is a specialized outlet for the South Korean technology industry, Samsung will sell the nanochips or semiconductors to PanSemi, which is a subsidiary of the company that gives life to the Whatsminer ASICs. A semiconductor is a circuit that is responsible for processing energy for an electronic device to work.
Although they mentioned it before, The Elec removed the name of the mining firm from its original post. However, on Twitter, the Hashrate Index account echoed the announcement.
“The first customer of the process will be Chinese application-specific IC firm PanSemi, which makes chips used in Bitcoin mining,” the post read before being edited.
To corroborate this information, CriptoNoticias sent a series of emails to the companies involved. Until the moment of the publication of this news we have not received any answer.
In any case, the arrival of 3nm microprocessors in the hands of MicroBT would allow the company to enhance its mining equipment. In addition, a project that has been managed between both companies since 2018 would be materializing.
If the chips have fewer nanometers, it is likely that there will be more energy efficiency and better performance when operating, since the distance between the electrical transistors would decrease. This, in what has to do with the ASICs, it means profit and advantage, knowing that most of the hardware on the market operates with 5nm semiconductors. | <urn:uuid:a2ebf287-9fb5-41d5-8240-bcc5f99fe4e3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://info1.net/new-3nm-samsung-chips-may-reach-bitcoin-miners-first-202225921/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00079.warc.gz | en | 0.958175 | 397 | 1.859375 | 2 |
Danish emission inventory for industrial processes till 2016
The new sector report regarding emission inventory for industrial processes up till 2016 has been published. The report contains inventories of industrial pollutants and is compiled by scientists at DCE – Danish Centre for Environment and Energy.
The annual Danish emission inventories are prepared by the DCE – National Centre for Environment and Energy, Aarhus University. This sector report covers emissions from Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU). This sector covers process-related emissions mostly related to calcination, evaporation/leaks and fugitive dust.
Danish emission inventories are prepared on an annual basis and reported to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC or simply the Climate Convention) and to the Kyoto Protocol as well as to the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP Convention). Furthermore, a greenhouse gas emission inventory is reported to the European Union (EU) due to the EU – as well as the individual member states – being party to the Climate Convention and the Kyoto Protocol. Inventories of air pollutants are estimated for reporting to the European Commission’s National Emissions Ceiling Directive (NECD).
The inventories include the following pollutants relevant to Industrial processes and product use:
Carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydroflourocarbons (HFCs), perflourocarbons (PFCs), sulphur hexafluoride (SF6), methane (CH4), sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), non-volatile organic compounds (NMVOC), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM), ammonia (NH3), heavy metals (HMs), polyclorinated dibenzodioxins and –furans (PCDD/F), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
The pollutants listed above correspond to the requirements of the UNFCCC, UNECE and EU to whom the emission inventories are reported. In the report, only emissions reported in the IPPU sector are included and described including plants in which the products of combustion are used for the direct heating, drying, or any other treatment of objects or materials – in other words, to say where fuels and raw materials are in contact during combustion.
The inventories for Industrial processes and product use are largely based on official Danish statistics (e.g. from Statistics Denmark) and on a set of emission factors for the various source categories and technologies. For some source categories, the official statistics are supplemented by information from individual plants or from industrial associations. Plant-specific emissions for large industrial sources are incorporated into the inventories. This report provides detailed background information on the methodology and references for the input data in the inventory – including activity data and emission factors.
Read the full report here
For more information, please contact Katja Hossy Hjelgaard | <urn:uuid:8c0e9c0e-d38f-49b6-a3f9-8c4546d0310d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dce.au.dk/en/current/news/news/artikel/danish-emission-inventory-for-industrial-processes-till-2016 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.891525 | 663 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Accession Number : ADP006268
Title : Forecasting Morphology and Dynamics of F-Layer Irregularities,
Corporate Author : BOSTON UNIV MA CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS
Personal Author(s) : Aarons, Jules
Report Date : 03 MAY 1990
Pagination or Media Count : 7
Abstract : Data and analyses are at hand to forecast the morphology and dynamics of global F-layer irregularities. For the planners of systems which are impaired by the scattering characteristics of F-layer irregularities, forecasting the morphology allows them to evaluate the utility of operating systems and to plan means for integrating back-ups. For the active users forecasting the dynamics of changes in intensity and characteristics of the irregularities as a function of geophysical conditions allows for warning operators about impending problems. For the polar region the morphological parameter used as the principal forcing function for intensification of F-layer irregularities is the solar flux. Intense irregularities appear during high sunspot number years. For the auroral region the parameter used as forcing function is magnetic activity as shown by studies of radio stars, low altitude satellites and synchronous satellites. Increased solar flux plays a role both pushing the F-layer irregularity region equatorwards in latitude and increasing the quiet day intensity. For the sub-auroral region the magnetic activity during the injection phase of the magnetic storm plays a leading role. During the recovery phase of the magnetic storm the effect of the decay of ring current ions on the sub-auroral region is such that irregularities are formed of low intensity without auroral or magnetic activity.
Descriptors : *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, *F REGION, *IONOSPHERIC PROPAGATION, ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING, SOLAR RADIATION, ELECTRON DENSITY, AURORAE, MAGNETIC STORMS.
Subject Categories : Atmospheric Physics
Radiofrequency Wave Propagation
Distribution Statement : APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE | <urn:uuid:34b290c3-266d-4f08-9c2f-455dbfd850b6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADP006268 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00466-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.808843 | 414 | 1.726563 | 2 |
You are 2 km from the launch pad, watching a mighty rocket climb skyward, under the fearless command of the intrepid Captain Knight. Your first observation gives an angle of elevation of 21 degrees. Five seconds later, the angle increases to 35 degrees. What was the rocket’s average speed during the five-second interval?
Here is a card with the four statements that you see, and no others. Assume that each statement on the card is either true or false; then find and identify each false statement. (Refer to them as a, b, c, d if you want, to speed things up.)
Denmark is a major manufacturer of energy-producing wind turbines. Suppose both the following statements are true:
1. Some wind turbines in Ohio are not from Denmark, but are American-built.
2. All of the wind turbines in Lorain County are indeed from Denmark.
From these two statements, which of the following can be concluded?
- Some American-built wind turbines are in Lorain County.
- All Lorain county wind turbines are not American-built.
- Some American-built wind turbines are not in Lorain County.
- No Lorain County wind turbine is American-built.
- Some wind turbines in Ohio, but not in Lorain County, were built in Denmark.
At what time, exactly, do the two hands of a clock overlap for the first time after 12:00 noon?
Find the ratio of the area of the circle circumscribed about a given square to the area of the circle inscribed in that square.
Given: lines y = 3x + 1, y = -2x + 5, and a third line L1: y = mx + c with m > 0 and c a constant. L1 moves parallel to itself intersecting the two given lines in points P1 and P2 respectively. The locus of mid-points of segment P1P2 is line L2. Find the slope of L1 so that L2 has a slope that is undefined.
Sosthenes is three times as old as Benoni. Five years from now the sum of their ages will be 34 years. What are their present ages?
Manzy’s car, that he had in the 1980’s, had a 24-gallon gas tank. When he started driving one morning with a full tank, heading for Atlanta, the odometer read 3208 miles. He drove for most of the day, having stopped at lunch to buy 5 gallons of gas. The gas gauge said exactly � of a tank at the point where the odometer read exactly 3668. He still had 130 miles of driving to do to get to Atlanta. Back then, gas cost only $1.09 per gallon, and he had only $2.00 left on him and no credit cards. Did he make it into the city? (Give all details.)
Kim drove 84 miles to see her grandmother. Nine miles of the trip were inside the city limits. Her average speed outside the city was 12 mph faster than inside the city. The whole trip took 3 hours. How fast did Kim go while inside the city?
Glenice has two candles of the same length, but made of different materials so that one lasts 4 hours and the other lasts 3 (each burns at a constant rate). At what time should Glenice light both candles so that at 4:00 pm one stub is exactly twice the length of the other? | <urn:uuid:2964739f-0158-4d36-a708-483fba74dd97> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://u.osu.edu/odmp/category/set-6/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.963124 | 744 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Roger Parmiter, Chair of the Friends of Oystermouth Castle in Wales, is looking for volunteers to play a part in safeguarding their local heritage as one of Swansea’s most popular visitor attractions is given a new lease of life.
The 12th century Castle is undergoing major restoration work thanks to the investment of £764,000 from the Heritage Lottery Fund. The City and County of Swansea will use some of the grant to fund the employment of a Castle Community Coordinator to help engage the wider community in a new programme of activities.
Founded by William de Londres in the early 12th century, its origins are in the Norman conquest of Wales and it has visible remains from the 12th up to the early 14th century. The historic building is being conserved and a new indoor interpretation centre is being built within the disused chapel block which will provide hands on experiences for visitors.
The aim is to give visitors access to 95 per cent of the Castle and increase visitor numbers from 4,500 to 17,000 per year. There is currently a 24-strong group of committed volunteers, ranging in age from 20 to 77 years old, who manage the day-to-day running of the castle. The Friends of Oystermouth Castle need more volunteers to help visitors make the most of their experience by acting as tour guides, among other roles.
Roger Parmiter, who has been volunteering as a member of Friends of Oystermouth Castle for the last 13 years, shares his experience: “I was attending a Welsh History course at Swansea University and Oystermouth Castle formed part of my selected project work and, following a meeting with the Chair I was invited to join. Thirteen years on and I haven’t looked back.
“I’ve met people from all over the world through my work as a volunteer and every day is different. All new volunteers would be trained as guides on every feature of the castle and its history. First time visitors want to know lots of details about the history of the castle and that’s where we can help. Overseas visitors often ask ‘Who were the Normans?’
“Aside from tourists we also give guided tours to schools, diverse groups and organisations. We also put on medieval re-enactments for the public with our own living history group – Gwerin o Gwyr.
“With so much going on at the castle, now is a great time to get involved. There are opportunities to meet and work with archaeologists, historians and researchers and learn new skills. But what’s more it’s a great way to meet new people and we do have a lot of fun!”
Jennifer Stewart, Head of Heritage Lottery Fund in Wales, said: “Volunteers play a vital role in making the projects we invest in happen. Visitors want to experience our culture, our way of life. The best people to interpret our heritage for visitors are the men and women who live here and who take pride in the heritage that surrounds them on a daily basis. These people truly help to enhance the visitor experience and we are really pleased that there is already such enthusiasm within Friends of Oystermouth Castle. Oystermouth Castle is the largest castle open to the public in Swansea and this is the chance for local people to play a part in taking their local heritage forward.”
Cllr Graham Thomas, Swansea Council’s Cabinet Member for Culture, Recreation and Tourism, said: “It’s vital we look to the future in Swansea but it’s equally important we celebrate our proud heritage and this is why schemes of this nature should be welcomed.
“Oystermouth Castle is one of our historical gems and this scheme means the attraction will be conserved for future generations and will offer a visitor experience that’s befitting of the 21st Century.
Source: Heritage Lottery Fund | <urn:uuid:8e3b1dac-1781-43f1-b4d5-f14108dbaffb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.medievalists.net/2010/08/volunteers-needed-for-oystermouth-castle/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00542-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958221 | 808 | 2.046875 | 2 |
pH 4 buffer solution
Out of Stock
Solution to calibrate your pH meter, for accuracy
For very precise work the pH meter should be accurate at all time!
Calibrate your pH meter with pH 4 buffer solution:
For normal use calibration should be performed at the beginning of each day.
The reason for this is that the glass electrode does not give correct measurements any more over longer periods of time, if not calibrated.
You always need at least 2 different pH buffer solutions to calibrate a pH meter.
For general purposes buffer solutions at pH 4 and pH 7 are acceptable to use to set the meter reading equal to the values.
Usage of pH 4 buffer solution:
First use a standard buffer pH 7 and set the meter reading equal to this value.
Then use the pH 4 buffer solution to adjust the meter reading the value of this second buffer
Some pH meters than have a third control which allows the temperature to be set.
All set! Your pH meter is ready to use again...
Tip! If you always store your measurer correctly, you will prevent your meter to crystallize, so next time you use the meter it will be accurate again.
Quantity for pH 4 buffer solution:
- 1 bottle: 20 ml (pH 4 solution) | <urn:uuid:4728dcdd-03b2-46d3-baeb-cd2969388c3a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.elephantos.com/en/seed-shop/measurers/ph-4-buffer-solution.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.836715 | 264 | 1.765625 | 2 |
طول بازو و معاملات اسیر شده: دیدگاه مبتنی بر ثبت اختراع کنترل در بین المللی شدن
|کد مقاله||سال انتشار||مقاله انگلیسی||ترجمه فارسی||تعداد کلمات|
|9496||2012||13 صفحه PDF||سفارش دهید||محاسبه نشده|
Publisher : Elsevier - Science Direct (الزویر - ساینس دایرکت)
Journal : International Business Review, Volume 21, Issue 4, August 2012, Pages 575–587
This conceptual paper responds to the need for examining the role of patent control over internationalization. It proposes the patent-based strategy of control, in other words, how 3Cs – complementarity, competitiveness, and conditions – impact the strategic decision on corporate control over the patent; thereby the option of commercialization between arm's length and captive transactions. It demonstrates the multiple theoretical natures of business strategies; emphasizes how strategic fit can impact the decision on control; addresses patents as intangible assets that form a comparative and competitive advantage rather than only as a legal right and that have bearing on strategic decision making. The paper proposes that the intention of high control over a patent drives the owner to opt for captive transactions; low control arm's length transactions. Nonetheless, the challenge lies before the decision is made; managers need to assess the ‘strategic fit’ elements that directly impact on the extent of control.
Since the members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) signed the Trade-Related aspects of Intellectual Property Rights agreement in 1995 (WTO, 1995), there has been increased attention to the interface between patents and international business (IB). Patents here refer to the legal rights given to an individual inventor (or entity) over creations of the mind that resolve technological problems, and these rights give the owner exclusive rights over making, using, offering for sale, selling or importing related products or services within defined spatial and temporal parameters (Yang, 2008). The patent field has expanded substantially over the past two decades from being an esoteric subject only of interest to specialist lawyers to an exoteric issue that straddles across disciplines. One aspect of its interface with strategic management comes about when managers need to make decisions as to what business strategy to adopt so as to maximize patent value. In the decision process, the extent of control over the patent affects the business decision. However, what determines the degree of control over patents appears to be under-studied, and often little understood. Therefore, a comprehensive theoretical consideration of patent control and business strategy has yet to be undertaken. This paper argues that deciding patent transactions differs fundamentally from deciding tangible goods transactions (Liu, 1996 and Zheng, 1999). First, the patent transaction is more complex than that of tangible assets, whose ownership simply shifts from the seller to buyer upon transaction. Patent transactions, however, can be: outright transfer of the patent ownership itself, or transfer of products or services in which the patent is embedded. While the former resembles the transaction of a physical good, most transfers are related to the latter type, and entail the authorization by the patent owner to another party to make, sell or use a product or service that depends in some way on the patent. Second, considerations are complex due to temporal and spatial restrictions on patents, which mean the legal rights to the use of the patent can only be owned by one person or entity within a defined geographical area for a specific period of time. Such protection is basically nation-based, and patents are not protected across national boundaries unless they are subject to integrated cross-country protection agreements. Patents also have a legal expiry date (usually 20 years): once a patent expires, anybody can use it. By comparison, physical goods rarely involve such legal complications. In spite of the complexity of patent transactions, the interface of patent control and strategic decision on the mode of international patent transaction appears scarcely to have been examined. The main reasons for little attention are the lack of data (Arora & Ceccagnoli, 2006), and the fact that patents have drawn close and wide business and management attention in recent years. Prior research has often treated patents as a macro factor, aiming to assess their impact on business strategy decisions (i.e., the stronger the patent protection in a country, the higher the scale of internationalization involved, Allred and Park, 2007, An and Puttitanun, 2006, Chung and Beamish, 2005 and Luo, 2001) and on partnership structures (Hagedoorn et al., 2005 and Oxley, 1999). These studies treat patents as a legal factor, and examine their causal relations with business strategies, rather than consider them as a transaction target. In contrast, this present study focuses on patents as a special product or process to assess the determinants of its transaction decisions associated with patent control. The paper therefore proposes a theoretical argument that managerial decision on the degree of control and subsequently the pattern of a patent transaction is determined by the 3Cs – complementarity, competitiveness and conditions. Although the model can apply to national transactions due to the factorial relevance, this paper focuses discussions on dealing with patent transactions in the more complex international context. The remainder of the paper first outlines the theoretical model, including defining some key concepts to establish fundamental understanding – the ‘what’ factor. We then focus on the theoretical and operational linkages of the model and make relevant propositions – the ‘how’ factor. Next, the importance of this research proposal is justified – the ‘why’ factor. The final section provides the implications for patent business practice and research.
نتیجه گیری انگلیسی
This paper opens avenues for future research throughout the process of empirical confirmation or falsification on the theoretical proposal. First, the specifications of ALTs and CTs have not been examined: for example, as far as patents are concerned, ALTs can be divided into exclusive, sole and non-exclusive licenses, and CTs can be categorized into acquisition and green-field transactions, and 3Cs may have implications for further specification. The theoretical framework has also taken into account empirical elements in its establishment that may aid future research testing. First, it considers both home and host countries as possible relevant elements in patent transactions. The ‘competitiveness’ and ‘condition’ are particularly relevant to industry and the host country, which may or may not be the owner's own country: this flexibility allows for an analysis to suit the needs of practice for patent transactions at home and abroad. Such flexibility allows firms and researchers to assess different types of patent transactions based on each individual country. As a result, comparative analysis can be subsequently conducted in terms of country variations so that firms can decide what strategy to pursue in each targeted foreign market. This as a result, will help firms and researchers to assess which country and how many markets to enter to commercializing a particular patent related technology. Second, as far as the competitiveness is concerned, single industry analysis would allow a particular industry's unique features to be reflected in the test, but cross industrial analysis gives a view of industrial differences. In this process, it is important to find out if this model is industry-bound: the homogeneity or heterogeneity of an industry can affect corporate decision to a patent strategy choice (Kim & Vonortas, 2006: 242). Third, given the firm behavioral variations in patent transactions, grouped analysis between large multinationals and small- and medium-sized enterprises may reveal clearly the differences of strategic considerations. Finally, longitudinal studies can also be conducted to compare patent transactions over different periods to gauge the effect of the time factor, as patents may get dated, patent protection may change, and industrial development become more sophisticated. In the end, there is no simple approach to making an optimal transaction decision, as the 3Cs are interrelated in affecting control thereby transaction decisions. Although the general approaches above are applicable for firms, company-by-company case analysis, taking both the atomic and holistic approaches into account, is required before the best decision can be reached. This framework hence provides some rudimentary work for managers and theorists to explore the conditions and implications of transaction decisions fully in the future. | <urn:uuid:9e71ea55-49b8-4a79-8e25-c376f497f46b> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://isiarticles.com/article/9496 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720000.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00024-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.910249 | 1,809 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Although Liberia has very little in the way of historical sights, a vacation here will strongly appeal to eco-tourists and those fascinated by the development of ethnic cultures and Africa in general. Due to its relatively recent stabilization and good government, it’s an exciting place to be, attempting to insert itself into the tourist scene without losing its unspoiled nature.
For outdoor fans there’s plenty to do, especially around the country’s glorious Atlantic beaches, with surfing increasingly popular, and other water sports slowly popping up. Trekking and hiking in the primeval rainforests and around lovely Sapo National Park are a rewarding experience, and seeing the country on horseback gives time to enjoy spectacular views uninterrupted by hordes of tourists common in many other African states.
Liberia’s southwest Atlantic coast is an uncrowded surfers’ paradise known for its isolated beaches, warm water and perfect waves. The best weather and swells are between May and October, with the surfing movie Sliding Liberia helping to popularize the activity within the international community. Robertsport, 75 miles to the north of the capital, Monrovia, is the hub of surfing and water sports in Liberia although several of Monrovia’s beaches including Mamba Beach offer good breaks. Wanna Surf has plenty of tips, including the need to bring your own board.
Sapo National Park, Liberia’s only protected area, covers 698 square miles and is home to one of West Africa’s last swathes of pristine rainforest. Recovering from years of civil war, the region is home to elephants, chimpanzees, antelopes, the indigenous pygmy hippo, and a raft of other species. Park infrastructure is still being rebuilt, but travelers wishing to visit the park on a mini-photo safari or guided hike should contact the Society for the Conservation of Nature for Liberia.
For those interested in Liberia’s colonial period, a visit to the Firestone Rubber Plantation may explain why Taylor was backed by the US as the country’s leader for so many disastrous decades. Once the world’s largest rubber plantation, Firestone now operates on a reduced scale and, although there are no tours available, visitors will likely find an employee who’s happy to show the tapping and other processes involved. Visitors are advised to stay on the major trails, as unexploded mines from the civil war are a risk.
Located just 20-minutes from Monrovia by car, Wulki Farm resort offers activity-oriented vacationers a wide variety of things to do, including horseback riding along private nature trails through the pristine countryside. Swimming pools,tennis, basketball, and a children’s petting zoo make this the perfect place for a family vacation, and the farm is set close to the historic township of Careysburg with its Southern US architecture.
Wow Liberia is, at present, the country’s only tour operator, offering customized trips around Monrovia and the countryside. Flexible schedules allow for self-organized hikes, treks and visits to stunning natural beauty in the Nimba Mountains, around the Kpa-Tawe Waterfall and in the rainforests with their various wildlife and bird species. Everything from luxury safaris to local cultural events can be tailored to group or individual itineraries. | <urn:uuid:2cc3e71f-2190-41a7-95be-8ba2ad4e3c20> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.iexplore.com/travel-guides/africa/liberia/things-to-do | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00192-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939983 | 691 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Global public health experts are looking on in \u0022alarm and disbelief\u0022 as the U.S. economy reopens even as Covid-19 case numbers continue to rise in a number of states, with President Donald Trump signaling he has no intention of calling for more economic shutdowns regardless of the outcome.As The Washington Post reported Friday, newspapers across Europe have recently published articles and editorials expressing shock at the Trump administration\u0026#039;s approach to the pandemic.\u0026nbsp;\u0022U.S. Increasingly Accepts Rising Covid-19 Numbers,\u0022 read a headline this week in the Swiss paper\u0026nbsp;Neue Zürcher Zeitung.\u0022I\u0026#039;m becoming\u0026nbsp;convinced that Covid is not far from taking on the characteristics of gun violence. The U.S. will endure much higher, persistent negative\u0026nbsp;effects from something that other countries have solved; we\u0026#039;ll normalize it and\u0026nbsp;convince ourselves nothing can be done.\u0022 —Michael Rozier, St. Louis UniversityWhile images of Americans crowding onto beaches and other public places may have given the international community the impression that the public have grown impatient with social distancing, a survey by the Associated Press last month showed 83% of Americans were concerned lifting lockdown orders too quickly would lead to more coronavirus infections.But as the country\u0026#039;s overall case numbers have risen in recent days, with 10 states this week reporting their highest seven-day average since the pandemic started, Trump and other leaders are pushing Americans to return to work and their normal routines.\u0026nbsp;\u0022We won\u0026#039;t be closing the country again. We won\u0026#039;t have to do that,” the president said Wednesday.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Infectious disease specialists around the world—some of whom used U.S. scientists\u0026#039; research to guide their own governments\u0026#039; strategies in confronting the pandemic, pushing them to prepare for long-term lockdowns necessitating robust economic relief packages—are struggling to understand the logic of reopening the country as case numbers grow, the Post reported.\u0026nbsp;\u0022It really does feel like the U.S. has given up,\u0022 Siouxsie Wiles, a specialist at University of Auckland in New Zealand, told the Post.After spending 4% of its GDP on coronavirus relief—which covered all wages for New Zealanders who had to leave work to self-isolate, doubled healthcare spending, and provided subsidies to businesses so they could maintain their payrolls—New Zealand announced in late April that it had effectively eliminated the coronavirus. As of Friday, the country had only three confirmed cases of Covid-19 in the past three weeks.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Other countries where case numbers have dropped significantly in recent weeks, including Canada, Denmark, and Germany, also introduced far-reaching economic relief packages early on in the crisis to enable people to stay at home and avoid overwhelming healthcare systems.\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Those spending plans contrast sharply with relief measures in the U.S., which included a one-time direct payment of $1,200 to some Americans and $600 per week on top of regular unemployment benefits. Republicans plan to let the unemployment benefit expire in July, and House Majority Whip James Clyburn (D-S.C.) admitted in May that a paycheck guarantee was the \u0022most efficient\u0022 way to protect Americans\u0026#039; jobs and incomes during the crisis, but dismissed Rep. Pramila Jayapal\u0026#039;s\u0026nbsp;(D-Wash.) proposal as too expensive.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Posting on Twitter a chart showing the steady, continued growth of Covid-19 cases in the U.S. as millions of Americans were forced to continue reporting to work throughout the crisis compared with plummeting infection rates across Europe, former Obama administration Medicare official Andy Slavitt tweeted, \u0022Don\u0026#039;t ever let anyone tell you it wasn\u0026#039;t possible.\u0022\u0026nbsp;Don’t ever let anyone tell\u0026nbsp;you it wasn’t possible. https://t.co/FkoNxmknRe— Andy Slavitt @ (@ASlavitt) June 19, 2020Devi Sridhar, chair of global public health at the University of Edinburgh, added that poor government responses to the pandemic in the U.S. and the U.K. were inexcusable.\u0026nbsp;\u0022It\u0026#039;s down to absent leadership, incompetence, and a\u0026nbsp;deliberate decision to treat\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 like flu for weeks in Feb and\u0026nbsp;March,\u0022 Sridhar tweeted.As a global public health\u0026nbsp;expert, I don’t accept that US \u0026amp; UK poor responses were due to capacity.\u0026nbsp;Poorer countries did much better. It’s down to absent leadership, incompetence\u0026nbsp;\u0026amp; a deliberate decision to treat COVID-19 like flu for weeks in Feb \u0026amp;\u0026nbsp;March \u0026amp; just ‘let it go’.— Devi Sridhar (@devisridhar)\u0026nbsp;June 12, 2020Wiles expressed horror at the pressure many Americans have felt for weeks to keep reporting to work, regardless of their own risk factors for infection or of case numbers in their communities. Several states last month announced that they would end unemployment benefits for workers who didn\u0026#039;t return to their jobs after their industries began reopening, and Ohio\u0026#039;s government urged companies to report employees who didn\u0026#039;t return.\u0022I can\u0026#039;t imagine what it must be like having to go to work knowing it\u0022s unsafe,\u0022 Wiles said. \u0022It\u0026#039;s hard to see how this ends. There are just going to be more and more people infected, and more and more deaths. It\u0026#039;s heartbreaking.\u0022Michael Rozier, a public health and ethics professor at St. Louis University, said the U.S. response to Covid-19 is rapidly beginning to resemble its approach to facing gun violence.Sadly, I\u0026#039;m becoming\u0026nbsp;convinced that #COVID is not far from taking on the characteristics of\u0026nbsp;#gunviolence. US will endure much higher, persistent negative\u0026nbsp;effects from something that other countries have solved; we\u0026#039;ll normalize it and\u0026nbsp;convince ourselves nothing can be done.— Michael Rozier (@RozierSJ)\u0026nbsp;June 18, 2020\u0022The\u0026nbsp;U.S. will endure much higher, persistent negative\u0026nbsp;effects from something that other countries have solved; we\u0026#039;ll normalize it and\u0026nbsp;convince ourselves nothing can be done,\u0022 Rozier tweeted. | <urn:uuid:53a87a52-ca75-4a5a-8166-a24bc1623a96> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.commondreams.org/news/2020/06/19/heartbreaking-say-global-experts-alarmed-signs-us-has-given-fight-stop-covid-19 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.926994 | 1,750 | 1.734375 | 2 |
The Science Museum in London conducted the survey by asking 3,000 adults what things they couldn’t live without. Facebook turned up in fifth place, beaten only by sunshine (top spot), an Internet connection (2), clean drinking water (3) and a fridge (4).
The toilet took ninth spot, tea eleventh and the shower thirteenth. Facebook was also considered to be more important than having a mobile phone (10), Google (22), a flat-screen TV (31), a Wii console (44), an iPad (45) and Twitter (50).
“Crazy” was the word the museum’s exhibition manager, Sarah Richardson, used to describe the results.
“Brits are obsessed by the weather, so it’s not surprising sunshine was rated as the top thing we couldn’t live without,” Richardson told the Daily Mail. “But to say you can’t live without material things over drinking water is crazy.”
The survey was conducted as part of a new exhibition at the museum – Water Wars: Fight The Food Crisis – which highlights new technologies being used to tackle the problem of water scarcity.
“It seems having fresh drinking water is something that many of us take for granted but is becoming scarcer in many parts of the world. If you see how little water others have to drink or grow food you soon realise water is fast becoming a luxury for millions,” Richardson said.
Facebook’s high position goes to show just how much a part of our lives the social networking site has become since it launched a mere seven years ago. According to the company’s own statistics, Facebook now has more than 750 million active users with people spending more than 700 billion minutes on the site each month.
Here’s the full list from the Science Museum survey:
1.Sunshine 2.Internet connection 3.Clean drinking water 4.Fridge 5.Facebook 6.NHS 7.Cooker 8.Email 9.Flushing toilet 10.Mobile phone/smartphone 11.Tea and Coffee 12.Washing machine 13.Shower 14.Central heating 15.Painkillers 16.Fresh vegetables 17.Vacuum cleaner 18.Kettle 19.Sofa 20.Shoes 21.Fresh fruit 22.Google 23.Car 24.Hair straighteners 25.Public transport 26.Laptop 27.Chocolate 28.DVD Player 29.Wristwatch 30.Make-up 31.Flat-screen TV 32.Wedding ring 33.Tumble dryer 34.Bottled water 35.Ebay 36.Bicycle 37.Ipod 38.Air conditioning 39.Disposable nappies 40.Light bulbs 41.Spell-check 42.Sat nav 43.Push-up bra 44. Nintendo Wii 45.iPad 46.Gym Membership 47.Season ticket to your soccer club 48.Freezer 49.Xbox 50.Twitter | <urn:uuid:732225cc-2f07-4e6d-9d5c-6e01a32c13c5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.digitaltrends.com/web/survey-for-brits-facebook-is-more-important-than-a-flushing-toilet/?flagcomment=409860 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00555-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.895605 | 614 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Shorter, stronger radiation course works in noninvasive breast cancer
Accelerated external-beam radiotherapy is a viable treatment option for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), suggest recent study results.
The current standard of treatment for DCIS, an early-stage and noninvasive form of breast cancer, is lumpectomy followed by 5 to 6 weeks of whole breast radiation, affirmed a statement from the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) that accompanied the latest research findings. The use of an accelerated form of radiation that increases the strength of the dose per treatment throughout fewer treatment sessions has been well-established as effective against invasive breast cancers, but not against DCIS.
Silvia C. Formenti, MD, a radiation oncologist at New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, and colleagues conducted two consecutive clinical trials to determine whether accelerated radiation treatment would garner good results in women with DCIS. The team's findings were published in ASTRO's International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics (2012;83:e159-e164).
The first trial used whole breast irradiation of 42 Gy (2.8 Gy in 15 fractions), and the second trial used whole breast irradiation of 40.5 Gy (2.7 Gy in 15 fractions) with an additional daily boost of 0.5 Gy to the surgical cavity. Between 2002 and 2009, 59 women were enrolled in the first protocol and 86 in the second after undergoing lumpectomy. Median age was 56 years, and 65% of the women were postmenopausal at the time of treatment.
At 5 years' median follow-up (range, 2.6 to 105.5 months), only six patients (4.1%) experienced ipsilateral breast recurrence. In three of those women, the cancer recurred at the original DCIS site. New contralateral breast cancers arose in three cases (one DCIS and two invasive carcinomas).
The recurrence rate was comparable to the recurrence rate of 5% to 10% recorded in randomized trials for patients receiving standard radiation.
Of 125 women providing cosmetic self-assessment at least 2 years after treatment, 91% reported good-to-excellent outcomes and 9% reported fair-to-poor outcomes. | <urn:uuid:d8a55651-609b-419f-8bcf-d6c96e867f43> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.oncologynurseadvisor.com/web-exclusives/shorter-stronger-radiation-course-works-in-noninvasive-breast-cancer/article/249731/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00218-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938769 | 474 | 2.03125 | 2 |
U.S. Department of Transportation
Federal Highway Administration
1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE
Washington, DC 20590
Federal Highway Administration Research and Technology
Coordinating, Developing, and Delivering Highway Transportation Innovations
This magazine is an archived publication and may contain dated technical, contact, and link information.
|Publication Number: Date: Spring 1997|
Issue No: Vol. 60 No. 4
Date: Spring 1997
Along the Road is the place to look for information about current and upcoming activities, developments, trends, and items of general interest to the highway community. This information comes from Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) sources unless otherwise indicated. Your suggestions and input are welcome. Let's meet along the road.
Policy and Legislation
Agreement Means Better Conditions for Asphalt Pavers
In a ceremony at the Department of Labor on Jan. 9, public and
industry officials signed an agreement to improve workplace
conditions in the asphalt paving industry, incorporating
ventilation systems on certain types of paving equipment. In
accordance with the agreement, the six domestic manufacturers of
highway-class asphalt pavers (Blaw-Knox Construction Equipment
Corp., Caterpillar Paving Products Inc., Cedarapids Inc., Champion
Road Machinery Inc., Dynapac USA, and Roadtec Inc) will incorporate
ventilation systems, also known as engineering controls, on all
pavers weighing 7.25 metric tons (16,000 pounds) or more and
manufactured after July 1, 1997. The agreement also specifies that
the equipment must demonstrate a capture-efficiency of 80 percent
under controlled indoor conditions. It also describes the
procedures for testing and monitoring the systems and for training
workers and inspectors. In 1993, members of the National Asphalt
Pavement Association (NAPA), a national trade association
representing the interests of the hot-mix asphalt paving industry
initiated the process that led to this agreement. FHWA provided
funds for testing the engineering control systems. "This is a real
celebration of partnership," said Byron Lord of FHWA. "This is a
case where, by bringing people together, we have succeeded in
making the environment better for the people who pave our
NHTSA Issues a Final Rule on Air Bags
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) issued on Dec. 30, 1996, a final regulation and two proposed regulations in its continuing effort to preserve the benefits of air bags while minimizing the danger to children and at-risk adults. "Air bags have saved more than 1,700 lives, but we can and will do more to minimize their potential hazards," said NHTSA Administrator Ricardo Martinez. The final rule continues the automakers' option of installing cut-off switches in vehicles without a rear seat for children. A cut-off switch enables the driver of a pickup truck, for example, to disable the passenger-side air bag when a child is in the front seat and to turn it back on for an adult passenger. The two proposed regulations include plans for depowering air bags temporarily an average of 20 to 35 percent to reduce the deployment force and for deactivating air bags in certain circumstances. The proposal to depower air bags would be in place until smart air bag technology is phased into new motor vehicles.
DOT Working to Get Second Civil GPS Frequency
The Department of Transportation (DOT) announced on Jan. 13 that it is continuing efforts to determine the frequency assignment of a second civil frequency for the Global Positioning System (GPS). GPS is a satellite-based radio navigation system originally developed by the Department of Defense (DOD) but now used extensively by motor carriers, rail and transit systems, airlines, and commercial shippers worldwide to track vehicles and goods. GPS provides highly accurate, three-dimensional data on position, speed, and time determinations. DOT, working with DOD and other federal agencies, accelerated the effort after a decision was made in December to execute the second development option of the GPS Block IIF contract. A specific frequency must be selected by Feb. 21, according to contract requirements. "A second civil frequency will demonstrate America's dedication to the civilian use of GPS throughout the world," said Frank Kruesi, assistant secretary for transportation policy.
Management and Administration
States Apply for State Infrastructure Banks
In 1996, DOT approved 10 states for pilot state infrastructure banks as authorized by the National Highway System Designation Act. The 1997 DOT Appropriations Act authorized additional states to apply for infrastructure banks. States were required to submit applications by Dec. 20, 1996, and 26 new applications were received affecting 28 states. The applications are being reviewed by FHWA, the Federal Transit Administration, and the Federal Railroad Administration.
Floods/Snow Cause Extensive Damage
Heavy rains in late December and early January caused extensive damage to roadways and bridges throughout the northwestern United States and Hawaii. In California and Nevada, the rain melted snow up to 2.5 meters deep in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, and the runoff from the melted snow contributed significantly to the damage in those areas. Early damage estimates exceeded $100 million. Six states (California, Hawaii, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington) requested quick release of emergency repair funding to fix federal-aid highways.
In mid-January, North Dakota experienced its third major winter storm/blizzard. The governor mobilized the National Guard to assist the North Dakota DOT, four Indian reservations, counties, and small towns in snowplowing and rescue operations. Seven deaths, as well as the loss of approximately 13,000 head of cattle and more than 225 metric tons of milk, are attributed to the storm.
Boston Moves Toward ITMS on I-93
The design phase of an integrated transportation management system (ITMS) for I-93 in Boston has been completed. In the next phase, vehicle detectors, video surveillance cameras, and variable message signs will be installed. The I-93 project will monitor travel-time information on three primary routes (state Route 28, and Rutherford Avenue) into downtown Boston. This information will be run through a federally developed traffic simulator to predict the best route for commuters, and then traffic advisories will be displayed on variable message signs. Boston's ITMS will reduce congestion, which costs Boston drivers $1.4 billion a year; improve highway safety and air quality; increase mobility; and enhance productivity.
Shanghai Receives First Mobile Traffic Analysis System
The Shanghai City Comprehensive Transportation Planning Institute in the People's Republic of China recently took delivery of a $250,000 traffic survey vehicle that was custom designed and built in Australia by ARRB Transport Research. ARRB claims this is the first mobile traffic analysis system. The system integrates two ARRB leading-edge traffic monitoring systems, and it counts and classifies vehicles, monitors traffic flow, and records traffic times and fuel consumption. Traffic can be monitored continuously in two locations, and the data can be analyzed onsite in the vehicle.
ARRB Transport Research
Oregon Trains Drug Recognition Experts
The Oregon State Police, in conjunction with the state Department of Transportation, has developed a very successful Drug Evaluation Classification (DEC) Program, which includes training state and local police officers to be drug recognition experts (DREs). Alarmed by the increasing occurrence of illicit drug involvement by drivers arrested for driving while intoxicated (DWI), DEC was initiated in January 1995 as a means of dealing with drug- and alcohol-impaired drivers. The DREs had an immediate impact. During 1995, 318 drug evaluations were conducted, resulting in the arrests of 275 people for DWI; this is in comparison to 27 evaluations in 1994 when the state had only four DREs. And through September 1996, DWI drug arrests were up almost 43 percent over the same period in 1995, and overall DWI arrests have increased by 25 percent.
Oregon has a cooperative agreement with Washington and Idaho to
train DREs and DRE instructors. Two DRE instructor schools have
been conducted, providing Oregon with 25 qualified instructors. The
fourth DRE training course will be conducted from April 28 to May
9. With the graduation of the 26 officers enrolled in this course,
Oregon will have 102 trained DREs. Also, two "Prosecuting the
Drug-Impaired Driver" courses have been conducted to assist and
motivate prosecutors and DREs in going to trial in DWI cases.
Oregon State Police
Vail Valley Residents Happy With Roundabouts
After rejecting proposed traditional alternatives involving traffic signals and the redirection of traffic away from the congested main interchange, Vail, Colo., built North America's first modern roundabout interchange in 1995 at I-70 and Vail Road. Ramp and frontage road intersections, formerly regulated by stop signs, were replaced by two roundabouts. Recently, a survey of residents was taken to measure the acceptance of the modern roundabout interchange. The project received an average rating of 4.4 on a scale of 5, a high approval rating. Both local newspapers initially opposed the project but now support the project. Some of the benefits include: lower construction costs than signalized interchanges, ability to handle higher volumes of traffic with less delay, and fewer accidents with injury. People used to wait in traffic as long as 30 minutes on peak skiing days to enter or leave Vail. Now, most of the time, drivers can enter the roundabout without waiting, and even under the heaviest traffic, queues rarely exceed 10 vehicles. Reduced idling time has reduced air pollution and fuel waste.
Vail's positive experience with roundabouts influenced a neighboring town about 15 kilometers west of Vail in the Vail Valley. In November 1996, the residents of Avon approved by a 2-1 ratio a referendum to raise property taxes to convert the only three signalized intersections in town to roundabouts and to add two roundabouts at the interchange of I-70 and Avon Road. This will result in five roundabouts in a row on Avon Road.
At least 18 new modern roundabout interchanges are in various stages of study and preconstruction in British Columbia, California, Colorado, Kansas, Maryland, Washington, and Wyoming.
Ourston and Doctors
Older Drivers Are Not a Serious Problem
On Jan. 15, 1997, DOT released a report that finds that older drivers do not currently present a serious safety problem but that safety and mobility concerns could arise as the number of older Americans increases. The report, Improving Transportation for a Maturing Society, is the first step in developing recommendations, relative priorities, and budget estimates that would be part of a definitive, long-term strategic plan to accommodate the growth in the number of Americans over the age of 65. According to census data and projections, the over-65 population will increase from 34 million in 1995 to 54 million by 2020. The report concludes that most older Americans recognize the decrease in their abilities and make appropriate and responsible changes, such as reducing their nighttime driving. Nevertheless, the huge, projected increase in older drivers over the next quarter century raises possible concerns for the future.
Fatigue Studies Discussed at TRB
Speakers at the 76th annual meeting of the Transportation Research Board (TRB), conducted Jan. 12-16 in Washington, D.C., reported on several ongoing and recently completed research projects that may provide new insights about the effects of fatigue on drivers and operators.
In a study conducted by the Illinois Institute of Technology, certified locomotive engineers performed normal job duties while operating a realistic locomotive simulator. Engineer work schedules can result in sleep deprivation, loss of alertness, and degraded job performance - even when the engineers conform to federal regulations limiting hours of service.
A new sleep management system uses a wrist watch-sized personal activity monitor that measures sleep unobtrusively under operational conditions and a mathematical model for predicting performance based on sleep measurements. Once validated, the wrist device will make it possible to manage sleep to sustain performance in operational settings in both military and civilian applications.
The Driver Fatigue and Alertness Study, sponsored by FHWA and industry partners, documented mismatches between operators' perceptions of fatigue and their actual levels of performance. It also revealed differences in alertness among individual operators working similar schedules. The study results will be used to develop driving schedules and to select and train drivers.
Another recent FHWA study developed analytical models for estimating the demand for parking spaces at public rest areas and private truck stops throughout the United States, and it documented differences in drivers' use of public rest areas and private truck stops. The study also identified the services needed by commercial truck drivers, and it assessed how well the current system meets those needs.
Also discussed was a field study of drivers of multitrailer
combination vehicles to determine whether stress associated with
driving triple-trailer combinations contributes to driver
Kansas Installs First Composite Vehicular Bridge
On Dec. 4, 1996, Kansas DOT Secretary E. Dean Carlson cut the ribbon to open the nation's first fiber-reinforced polymer composite bridge. About one-third of the composite material used was from recycled plastic. The lightweight, 8-meter, composite bridge over No-Name Creek in Russell County, Kan., was developed under one of the TRB's Innovations Deserving Exploratory Analysis (IDEA) programs.
Public Information and Information Exchange
TFHRC Video Wins National Awards
A video produced in 1996 to explain the research conducted at FHWA's Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center in McLean, Va., has won two awards in national competition. The video, "Focusing on Innovation", was a national finalist in the 1996 Vision Award competition, which was open to more than 30,000 advertising agencies, production studios, and television stations in the United States. Entries in 46 categories were judged forcreativity, production quality, copywriting and concept, talent, and overall effectiveness. Being a national finalist means the video was among the best four entries in its category. The video was also awarded an honorable mention in The Communicator Awards, a national awards organization that recognizes outstanding work in the communications field.
FHWA Assists in Air Bag Safety Outreach
To assist NHTSA in its effort to minimize the danger to children and at-risk adults during the deployment of air bags in traffic crashes, more than 30 of FHWA's divisions participated in outreach activities with their state partners from mid-December to mid-January. Creative ways have been found to communicate the message and distribute the Air Bag Safety Alert brochures. Groups such as auto dealers, day care centers, churches, landlords, and the media have supplemented the normal distribution to highway rest stops, the police, and municipalities.
ITS America Develops Identity Campaign for ITS
In a commentary in ITS America News, ITS America president James Costantino announced that ITS America is developing an integrated national identity campaign for the ITS industry to raise the level of public awareness about the benefits of ITS. "We cannot take support for ITS for granted," Costantino wrote. "This campaign will demonstrate that ITS is an inclusive industry whose contributions to American life can be easily understood and appreciated." Costantino noted, "Also coming down the pike in 1997 is the August demonstration in San Diego by the National Automated Highway System Consortium. This technical feasibility demonstration will be the 1997 ITS event in the United States, requiring our full attention and support."
National Red-Light-Running Campaign Grows
The city of San Francisco officially launched its red-light-running campaign at a kick-off ceremony in the mayor's office on Jan. 16.
FHWA Has Accurate Inspection Data
FHWA's Office of Motor Carriers recently completed a survey of 89 carriers that had requested their profiles, asking them to report any errors regarding inspections or accidents. FHWA uses the profile data to prioritize carriers for compliance reviews and roadside inspections. Of the 20,665 inspections in the 89 profiles, 99.78 percent were without error. The accuracy rate for the 1,028 accidents reported in the profiles was 99.42 percent. Anyone may call (703) 534-8630 and obtain, for $27.50, a carrier safety profile that includes the data for a specific carrier.
Railroad-Crossing Fatalities Are Lowest Ever in Illinois
In 1996, the number of fatalities at railroad crossings in Illinois was just 35, the fewest ever recorded. The previous low-fatality record was 40, set in 1983. The highestrail-crossing death toll in the state was 183 deaths in 1945. Increased public awareness, following the Fox River Grove school bus-commuter train collision, and a new law that set a minimum penalty of $500 or 50 hours of community service for ignoring a crossing signal were credited with the sharp decline in fatalities.
Buffalo on the Loose in South Dakota
As a result of a blizzard in January, more than 1,000 buffalo from the herd used in the movie Dances With Wolves escaped from captivity. Because of the high snow drifts, the buffalo were able to cross over the 2.5-meter-high fences on the Triple U Ranch just west of Pierre. The governor called for volunteers on snowmobiles to round up the buffalo since the animals are under quarantine and carry brucellosis.
Aggressive Driving Is a Serious Problem
According to a study sponsored by the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety, aggressive driving is a serious and escalating problem. The study examined 10,037 incidents of aggressive driving reported between Jan. 1, 1990, and Sept. 1, 1996, drawn from 30 newspapers and 16 police departments. In these reports, 218 people were killed, and 12,610 were injured. The number of reported incidents has increased every year at an average rate of nearly 7 percent. "These are only the most serious cases, the ones that merited a police or newspaper report. There are hundreds, if not thousands, of incidents that are not reported," said foundation president David Willis. Most of the perpetrators of aggressive driving in this study were men between the ages of 18 and 26. Only 4 percent of the perpetrators were women.
A recent study in Virginia by the state police found that three
behaviors were most likely to set off an incident of violence: a
vehicle traveling too slowly in the left lane, an improper lane
change or cutoff, and a vehicle following too closely or
AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety
Animal Crashes Are Common
Collisions with animals, particularly deer, represent more than
4 percent of all crashes in the United States. In 1995, 111 people
died as a result of a vehicle-animal crash. The most dangerous
times of the day for deer-related crashes are dawn and dusk; the
most dangerous time of the year is during the mating season -
November and December. The Insurance Information Institute
estimates that there are 500,000 collisions each year with deer.
The Wisconsin DOT points out that motorcyclists are especially at
risk; 83 percent of collisions in that state between motorcycles
and deer resulted in human death or injury, compared to death or
injury in only 3 percent of collisions between cars and deer.
Recommendations to avoid crashes with deer include: Don't overdrive
your headlights at night. Obey speed limits and be alert,
particularly in noted deer-crossing areas and at dawn and dusk. If
you see a deer, honk your horn; flashing your lights could cause
the animal to further fixate on your vehicle.
AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety
Smooth Pavement Is Tops
The National Highway Users Survey, conducted August 1995 at the
request of the National Quality Initiative (NQI) Steering
Committee, showed that pavement conditions are ranked first in
importance by drivers and that projects geared toward improving the
riding quality of pavement are likely to increase overall driver
satisfaction with U.S. highways. NQI is an ongoing public-private
partnership, involving FHWA, the American Association of State
Highway and Transportation Officials, and various industry
Slater Confirmed as Transportation Secretary
On Feb. 6, the U.S. Senate voted 98-0 to confirm Rodney E. Slater, formerly the Federal Highway Administrator, as Secretary of Transportation. When President Clinton announced his nomination of Slater, he said, "I can say (Slater) was recommended by more people from more places in more ways for this job than any person for any position I have ever seen." Then he joked, "And, in spite of that, I am confident that he will be a superb and successful secretary of transportation." Slater replaces Federico Peña, who is now serving as secretary of energy.
Beuerlein Is New Chairman of ACPA
Donald E. Beuerlein, president of Koss Construction Co., was named chairman of the American Concrete Pavement Association on Jan. 17, 1997. Beuerlein said he will focus on creating greater recognition for the role and value of concrete pavements in durable highway and airport applications, not only for the benefits in original construction, but also for rehabilitation.
Meyer Is CERF's Director of Research and International Programs
John D. Meyer was recently appointed as director of research and
international programs for the Civil Engineering Research
Foundation (CERF), the research affiliate of the American Society
of Civil Engineers. Meyer was previously the senior staff associate
for technology management at the National Science Foundation
division of Design, Manufacture, and Industrial Innovation. He has
assumed responsibility for CERF's international programs,
research-related workshops, surveys, and collaborative programs on
technology transfer and benchmarking.
Wiley Becomes Commissioner in Indiana
Curt Wiley was appointed by Indiana Governor O'Bannon in January to become the commissioner of the state department of transportation. Wiley replaces Stanley Smith.
Cal Professor Wins Crum Award
The 1996 recipient of the Roy W. Crum Award is Adolf D. May Jr., professor emeritus of engineering and former vice chairman of the department of civil engineering at the University of California, Berkeley. The award was presented Jan. 15 at the 76th annual meeting of TRB in Washington, D.C. The award, named for TRB's executive director from 1928 to 1951, recognizes outstanding achievement in transportation research. May was honored for his contributions in the field of traffic flow theory and operations. Since his retirement from the University of California in 1991, he has conducted research projects at the university and pursued consulting activities. May has been active in TRB activities for more than 40 years.
Wormley to Chair TRB Executive Committee
David N. Wormley, dean of the College of Engineering at Pennsylvania State University, is the new chairman of the TRB Executive Committee. He officially took office Jan. 15 during the TRB annual meeting in Washington, D.C. Wormley has been dean at Penn State since 1992. Previously, he served on the faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Wormley's research work has focused on advanced control systems, transportation systems, and fossil fuel energy systems. He is a fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
NHI's Bill Brown Died on Feb. 2
William Frederick (Bill) Brown, chief of the University, Industry, and International Division at the National Highway Institute (NHI), died suddenly from a heart attack on Feb. 2. He was 60 years old.
During his six-year tenure at the NHI, Brown played a pivotal role in the development and strengthening of NHI's grant and fellowship programs to attract some of the nation's best talent to careers in transportation. Under his leadership, NHI also expanded its training and technology transfer activities throughout the Americas and in the former Soviet Union, China, and South Africa.
From 1972 to 1991, Brown was director of University Research and Education in the Office of the Secretary. He started his career in government in the Congressional Research Service of the Library of Congress. Brown also had a distinguished military career, serving four years on active duty with the U.S. Air Force and 26 years in the Air National Guard. He retired from the military with the rank of colonel in 1990.
He was also active in his church, and he served in numerous volunteer and charitable organizations. In 1991, he received the Point of Light Award from President George Bush. He is survived by his wife Juanita, three children, and seven grandchildren.
Engineers to Share Ideas About Fixing Bridges
The Second Symposium on Practical Solutions for Bridge Strengthening and Rehabilitation will be held at the Westin Crown Center Hotel in Kansas City, Mo., March 25-27, 1997. The purpose of the symposium is to present the latest ideas and research on practical ways to resolve the various problems of the country's many deficient bridges. The symposium is organized by Iowa State University under grants from the National Science Foundation and FHWA in cooperation with HNTB (a Kansas City consulting firm) and the Missouri Department of Transportation. Papers will be presented by engineers from consulting firms, government, and academia. The emphasis is on practical solutions for practicing engineers in industry and government highway agencies. Theme areas are: Seismic Retrofit in Moderately and Marginally Seismic Areas, Rehabilitation of Long-Span Bridges, Rehabilitation/Strengthening of Short- and Medium-Span Bridges, New Materials for Repair and Rehabilitation, New Strengthening/Rehabilitation Techniques for Railway Bridges, and New Strengthening/Rehabilitation Procedures. Additional information can be obtained from Prof. F.W. Klaiber, Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, or via fax: (515) 294-8216, telephone: (515) 294-8763, or e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.org.
Highway Engineers Meet in Philadelphia
The American Society of Highway Engineers (ASHE) will hold its annual conference at the Valley Forge Sheraton Hotel in King of Prussia, Pa., May 15-18. The program includes technical seminars on Intelligent Transportation Systems, construction techniques, and environmental issues. The I-95 Corridor Coalition will be the topic of one session. More than 40 exhibitors will show the latest design and construction materials, including computer-aided design applications. ASHE is a national organization of engineers, contractors, suppliers, and government officials involved in the planning, design, construction, and operation of our nation's highway system. For further information, contact Stephen B. Lester, P.E., at (215) 922-8080. ASHE
Bridge Seminar Calls for Papers
The Western Bridge Engineers' Seminar is seeking papers from owners, researchers, producers, designers, contractors, and suppliers on 25 topics. Abstracts must be received by April 15, 1997. The seminar will be conducted Oct. 6-8, 1997, in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho. The theme for the 1997 technical program is "Progress and Innovation in Bridge Engineering"; The seminar is a biennial cooperative effort of FHWA and DOTs of Alaska, Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington. To submit papers, please send two copies of the 200- to 500-word abstract to Thomas J. Pfister, Technical Program Chairman, Idaho Transportation Department, P.O. Box 7129, Boise, ID 83707-1129. After a review by the technical program committee, notification of acceptance will be made to authors by June 1. Final abstracts, which will be published and distributed at the seminar, must be submitted by Aug. 16. For more information about the required style and topics of the papers, call conference manager Jean Canfield at (360) 943-7732. | <urn:uuid:7edbeade-497d-4c0e-bea3-a1ebd518bcc8> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/97spring/alongroad.cfm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719273.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00065-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945945 | 5,718 | 1.648438 | 2 |
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