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In my prior post on this topic, I noted the similarities between the genealogies of Cain and Seth, and how source critics propose that they are really the same genealogy from different sources. However, some scholars have pointed out that much can be gained from focusing on the differences in addition to the similarities.
Dr. David Sykes, in his unpublished doctoral dissertation Patterns in Genesis, raises a number of such issues. As he points out (p. 49):
Adam and Enosh have the same meaning, but they are different words; #3 and #5 are switched, and Cain, Irad, Mehujael and Methusael are not identical to Cainan, Jared, Mehalalel and Methuselah. Finally, there is another generation after the Lamechs on each side; the Cainite Lamech bore Jabal, Jubal, Tubal Cain and Naama while the Sethite Lamech bore Noah. These names are not similar at all.Sykes then proceeds to interpret the significance of these differences: Adam and the Cainites are all about settling the world and establishing civilization. Seth and his descendants, however, seem to be free of sin and perform acts of piety. Consider the naming of Cain and Seth. Eve gave him the name Cain because: "I have made a man with God" (4:1). Eve is the prideful subject. With Seth, on the other hand: "God has given me other seed instead of Abel, for Cain killed him" (4:25). God is the subject. The tone has already been set for the difference at their births. When Seth's son Enosh was born, "At that time people began to invoke the name of the Lord" (4:26). What Dr. Sykes proposed is that "[I]t would appear that the wicked line of the Cainites was replaced, pointedly, by the pious line of the Sethites" (p. 51).
1. Adam and Enosh
What seem to be going on here is that Adam was replaced by Enosh, for a new beginning of humanity that is devoted to Divine service. The name Adam reflects Adam's emergence from and connection to the ground (adamah). Enosh's spirituality is demonstrated in his name, that lacks the association with physicality.
2. Cain and Kenan
Cain was told that he would suffer seven-fold vengeance (4:15). Kenan, in contrast, had Mehalalel when he was seventy years old and lived to the age of eight hundred forty (7 x 120; 5:12-13). It seems that Kenan very pointedly lacked Cain's seven-fold punishment.
3. Enoch (Chanoch), Irad and Jared
After the Cainite Enoch was born, his father built a city and named it after him. The Cainite Enoch's son is named Irad, "ir" in Hebrew meaning city. There is a clear implication towards building and establishing civilization. The Sethite Enoch, on the other hand, is not connected to a city and his father, rather than son, is named Jared rather than Irad, thus removing the similarity to a city. Additionally, Jared raises memories of humanity's proper role in Creation: "ve-yirdu bi-dgas ha-yam -- and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea" (Gen. 1:26).
4. Mehujael, Methushael, Mahalel and Methuselah
It is unclear what Methushael means, but Mehujael means "erased by God." Among the Sethites, Mehujael is replaced with Mahalalel, whose name refers to praise of God. Methuselah, whose name is also unclear, had the longest life in the Bible. He was certainly not "erased by God."
What can be seen is that in both the Sethite and Cainite genealogies, "the third and fourth generations contain indications about human behavior exclusively, while the fifth and sixth involve divine response to that behavior as well" (p. 59). In the third and fourth generations, the Cainite Enoch and Irad represent focus on the physical while the Sethite Mahalel and Jared represent praising God and fulfilling man's proper role. In the fifth and sixth generations, the Cainite Mehujael and Methushael represent the destruction of their lines while the Cainite Enoch was taken up by God (Gen. 5:24) and Methuselah had the longest life. This accounts for the reversal of #3 and #5.
Both the Cainites and the Sethites have a Lamech. The Cainite Lamech has three sons whose names recall the names of Cain and Abel, the first murderer and his victim, and are also closely related to the word mabul, flood. In contrast, the Sethite Lamech's son was Noah, who was pious and who, along with his three sons, survived the actual flood.
Cause of the Flood
R. Hayyim Angel, in his new book Through an Opaque Lens (pp. 112-118), adds that this entire consideration leads us directly to the flood. We see through the Cainites and Sethites that humanity was dividing into two separate groups -- "the godless, immoral Cain group; and the God-fearing descendants of Seth" (p. 117). The message of the genealogies was this separation in humanity. Then, at the beginning of Gen. 6, we learn of the "fall" of the "sons of God." Who were these "sons of God"? According to Ibn Ezra, these were people who had heretofore lived a Godly existence, i.e. the descendants of Seth. Their fall into immorality led to God's decision to destroy humanity and start over.
Are These Names Real?
What has been proposed so far is that there are interlinking themes among and literary connections between these two lists. This implies that they were not from two separate sources but were intentionally and carefully written in one document. But then were they historical or merely a literary tool? There is no reason to assume that they were not real. Either their names could have been prophetically given or, perhaps, the fluidity among names and usage of multiple names evident in the Bible was used by the Divine author of the Bible to present the story to fit the above messages. | <urn:uuid:1424aed4-f298-4618-8c7d-9999cce4b133> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://hirhurim.blogspot.com/2006/05/adams-genealogies-ii.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00060-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975066 | 1,338 | 2.421875 | 2 |
While I was digging around over at the DoE website, I discovered that there’s been a small breakthrough on OLED output. OLED technology has been lacking a real solid blue in research so far, and the folks at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory have gotten a 25% increase in blue light output from a blue OLED.
From the PNNL press release:
Lighting consumes one-fifth of the electricity generated in the United States. Solid-state lighting offers tremendous potential to improve the situation – once major research challenges are overcome.
The most promising technology is the organic light-emitting diode, or OLED. These multi-layered devices produce light by running an electrical current through a specially engineered host material into which light-producing phosphorescent molecules are embedded or “doped.” The white light envisioned for large-scale applications, such as rooms and buildings, consists of red, green and blue light.
“The weakest link in OLED research is the absence of an efficient, long-lasting blue light to accompany the red and green,” said Pacific Northwest National Laboratory scientist Asanga Padmaperuma. Development of better host materials to manage the flow of electricity through the device could help solve that problem.
Padmaperuma and his collegues have designed, synthesized and tested new materials that improve the power efficiency of blue OLEDs by at least 25 percent. | <urn:uuid:17b4d598-7dad-4f05-b5ba-c99792d14206> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.jimonlight.com/tags/pacific-northwest-national-laboratory/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00571-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933396 | 286 | 2.84375 | 3 |
All cultures are important and valuable, but it is a facile mistake to think all cultures are equal. They are not.
Cultures are not equal in terms of values, rights, ethics, morality, achievements, advancements, nor any other comparative feature. This isn’t good or bad, it isn’t a celebration or indictment, it’s just a basic observation. In the 15th century, among other differences European culture had developed different philosophies and military armaments than their western-hemisphere counterparts. At any rate, leftists hate white culture, or more specifically the alleged absence of any white culture, so they apparently noticed we’re not all equal either.
Columbus Day matters because the initial landing at Hispaniola, and the subsequent Columbian Exchange, marked one of the most pivotal moments in human history. This cannot be overstated. The consequences of Columbus sailing across the ocean blue paved the way for a modern world. It’s also why we rightfully set aside a day to remember it.
Now, the fact that we acknowledge this moment in history is not to spit upon the graves of the conquered. The fact that we acknowledge it is because it is worth acknowledging the evolution of mankind. For the first time, the world was united like never before. And it would never look back.
Moreover, coming out of the European arrival was the eventual formation of the United States of America, a country in current decline but nonetheless one that has served as a model nation in terms of advancing unprecedented human rights, securing freedom around the world, and despite claims of its pervasive racial animus, still the single-most desirable country for non-white immigrants the world over to reach. The modern world is a direct result of America’s prominence on the global stage. On an infinite timeline, I daresay some cultures would never accomplish what the United States has.
Critics of Columbus Day point to issues of body count, oppression, and conquest. These are all the unfortunate but inevitable consequences of cultures colliding. It is regrettable, but when has this not happened? Alexander the Great spread out across Anatolia with his battle tactics; Islam took shape in the 7th century and in little time enveloped the entire Middle East by the sword; Genghis Kahn ravaged Asia with his hordes. None of their empire building was the result of handshakes and back slaps. We cannot fathom the bloodshed and horror, but as with Columbus Day, we remember these events not because we glorify deadly achievements but because they shaped human history.
Without a doubt, though the unavoidable loss of life and culture is still unfortunate, the real tragedy in this story is the false sense of victimhood displayed by contemporary heirs of the indigenous populations. Now, before anyone takes that out of context, let me put it in more context. When was the last time these posers grieved over the forced removal of the Ojibwe from present-day New York and toward the Midwest by other native peoples? I have heard of no such grief. Likewise for many oppressed tribes in present-day Mexico under Aztec imperialism, living in fear of having their hearts ripped out atop gigantic temples to the Aztec gods after being ritualistically captured in flower wars? Every tribe in every corner lived out their existence as has every other human community – through accumulation of power and resources. People either survived or died, usually as a trade-off of someone else doing the opposite.
Land acknowledgements? Don’t get me started.
Selective outrage is a pathetic emotion to display; was it okay for Napoleon to set his armies on Belgium, or for Bismarck to unify cultural Germans under a single flag? Apparently, for I have not heard a peep of protest against it. Only when Europeans or Americans conquer indigenous communities is it awful. As with the silence from one indigenous community conquering another, there is a similar disregard for all other European conquests, as if the Bavarians weren’t indigenous to their region and the Dutch to theirs.
Claims of historical bias also mar the celebration of Columbus Day. However, if any history is being whitewashed, it is not the application of Eurocentrism in textbooks; it is the juvenile rewriting of Native American myths that all of Elizabeth Warren’s ancestors lived in harmony while majestically using every bone and ligament from the deer or buffalo which they hunted. Leftist infantilize the memories of native peoples and somehow truth-telling historians are the bad guys.
Curiously, the thing these people – whether of a tribal background or simply the beta white allies – never complain about is air conditioning, fossil fuel consumption, grocery stores, cell phones, seasonal clothing, alcohol, free government healthcare, and every other modern amenity. If given the choice right now to commune on open land, live outside year round, and hunt buffalo to survive or binge a can of Pringles from a temperature-controlled home with Netflix on the 4K HD flat screen, which do you think they would all prefer?
Oh, but pipelines…nope.
It is all a lie. Leftists certainly don’t have a problem with conquering modern-day America through a combination of technological, medical, and economic warfare, so once more their vapid concerns for the indigenous populations is an empty gesture. I myself am quite indigenous now to the United States of America. This is my home. Is it okay for evil, egomaniacal leftists to conquer my native lands of America but it was not okay for previous whites to do any conquering?
I have sympathy for my compatriots of all ethnic backgrounds. Not because other people for whom I have no responsibility did things in the past that all of their contemporaries likewise did or would have done, and certainly not because I do anything harmful today, but because they are convinced of their victimhood and accept horrific limitations on their sense of self-worth offered by leftism.
If there is any tragedy in rejecting Columbus Day, it is because it represents their rejection of truth. Living a lie is an awful imprisonment.
Content syndicated from TheBlueStateConservative.com with permission. | <urn:uuid:b2aa32dd-e642-45a4-a9ea-22b3df3f449c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.conservativedailynews.com/2021/10/columbus-day-matters/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.953164 | 1,264 | 2.96875 | 3 |
International legal double taxation:Tax paid by taxpayer
Article 31 of the LIS regulates this deduction for international double taxation, which applies to positive income obtained and taxed abroad by entities resident in Spanish territory.
In the event that such income is taxed in the country where it was obtained and subsequently, when included in the taxable income of the taxpayer, is taxed for corporate income tax purposes in Spain, double taxation occurs, which the application of this deduction is intended to avoid.
For these purposes, article 31 of the LIS establishes that when the taxable income of the taxpayer includes positive income (from 1 January 2017, only positive income) obtained and taxed abroad, the lesser of the following two amounts shall be deducted from the gross tax payable:
The actual amount of the tax paid abroad on account of the tax of an identical or analogous nature to this Tax.
Tax not paid because of exemptions, allowances or any other tax benefit will not be deducted.
If an agreement to avoid double taxation is in force, the deduction may not exceed the amount specified therein.
The total amount of tax that would be payable in Spain if the income had been obtained in this country.
A tener en cuenta:
In determining this amount, account must be taken, where applicable, of the reduction of income from certain intangible assets regulated in article 23 of the LIS.
Consequently, the entire amount of tax paid abroad will be included in the tax base, even if part of it is not deductible in the gross tax liability.
The part of the amount of tax paid abroad that is not deductible in the gross tax liability by application of the provisions of the previous section, provided that it corresponds to the performance of economic activities abroad, shall be considered a deductible expense.
In the event that the taxpayer has obtained in the tax period several incomes from abroad, the deduction will be made by grouping those from the same country, except for income from permanent establishments, which will be computed separately for each of these.
The determination of income obtained abroad through a permanent establishment will be carried out in accordance with the provisions of article 22.5 of the LIS.
For a better understanding of the application of the deduction for international double taxation in law, see the following case study.
The reporting entity, resident in Spain, which is taxed at the general tax rate, has carried out operations in a foreign country "X" during 2021, without the intermediation of a permanent establishment, for which it has obtained positive income in an amount equivalent to 12,000 euros.The tax equivalent to corporate income tax paid abroad on this income amounted to the equivalent of 5,000 euros.
The filer calculates the deduction for international double taxation as follows:
Tax paid abroad:5,000
Basis of calculation:17,000
Equivalent fee (25% s/ 17.000):4,250
Applicable deduction:4,250 (the lower of 4,250 and 5,000)
Reflecting the above data in the international double taxation deduction determination scheme:
|Positive income (R)||Tax |
|B = R + E |
Basis of calculation
|C = B x type |
|Applicable deduction |
(the lesser of E and C)
Note: Pursuant to the provisions of Article 31.2 of the LIS, that part of the amount of tax paid abroad which is not deductible in the gross tax liability by application of the provisions of paragraph 1 of the said article, provided that it corresponds to the performance of economic activities abroad, shall be considered a deductible expense.Therefore, in this example:
Deductible expense:5.000 - 4.250 = 750 | <urn:uuid:7a01dbb6-1ee4-49aa-a75e-6c247d0e48db> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sede.agenciatributaria.gob.es/Sede/en_gb/ayuda/manuales-videos-folletos/manuales-practicos/manual-sociedades-2021/capitulo-6-liquidacion-is-determinacion-tributaria/cuota-integra-ajustada-positiva-casilla-00582/deducciones-doble-imposicion-sobre-cuota-integra/ddi-internacional-ejercicio-arts-31-lis/di-internac-juridica-impuesto-soportado-contribuyente.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.950476 | 819 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Alzheimer's blood test promises detection years before symptoms develop
Amyloid beta deposits, or plaques, in the brain are the most commonly hypothesized causative agent behind Alzheimer's disease. A new breakthrough blood test, developed by an international team of scientists, can reportedly measure the concentration of these amyloid beta concentrations using just a tiny blood sample.
One of the big challenges currently facing many Alzheimer's researchers is the difficulty in diagnosing the disease during its early, preclinical stages. Inherent to the hypothesis that amyloid plaques in the brain are one of the main causes of the disease, is the notion that these plaques often build up slowly, over 10 or 20 years, before clinical signs like memory loss become apparent.
Current testing for amyloid beta deposits in the brain is an onerous, expensive and invasive process, either involving costly positron emission tomography (PET) scans, or analyzing cerebrospinal fluid extracted via lumbar puncture. Until now, there has been no accurate way to track these deposits from a simple blood test.
The new blood test, developed by scientists from Japan and Australia, was tested on several hundred patients and found to be 90 percent accurate in predicting whether a person had an abnormal build up of amyloid beta in their brain.
"From a tiny blood sample, our method can measure several amyloid-related proteins, even though their concentration is extremely low," says Koichi Tanaka from the Shimadzu Corporation. "We found that the ratio of these proteins was an accurate surrogate for brain amyloid burden."
It's still early days for the research with more testing necessary before the blood test would be deployed into practice for the general public, but a more immediate use could be in evaluating participants for Alzheimer's related clinical trials. Colin Masters, from the Florey Institute of Neuroscience & Mental Health and co-lead on the research, suggests the test will, "be an invaluable tool in increasing the speed of screening potential patients for new drug trials."
So while we don't have any effective singular treatment for Alzheimer's currently, this blood test will hopefully speed up research by making clinical trials more effective. Following on from that, a simple way to screen for the disease, years before any symptoms actually appear, will help patients apply countermeasures to battle the deleterious effect of these amyloid beta concentrations.
"I can see in the future, five years from now, where people have a regular checkup every five years after age 55 or 60 to determine whether they are on the Alzheimer's pathway or not," Masters optimistically told The Guardian.
The research appears in the journal Nature. | <urn:uuid:f53c55b7-e13f-45a4-848c-aa7e51b0a233> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://newatlas.com/alzheimers-blood-test/53215/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.943857 | 544 | 3.234375 | 3 |
According to MediaPost, this holiday season not only is the social network pitting itself against retail giants such as Amazon, eBay and Walmart (via its Shopycat app), but against a host of startups like Wrapp and Gyft. Wrapp allows users to give gift cards to their Facebook friends, while Gyft offers a mobile app that enables users to send gift cards through Facebook, email or text.
The question is, will Zuckerberg and company be content to remain just the tip?
“Facebook Gifts has a chance to take a healthy bite out of Amazon’s wallet,” said Yariv Dror, CEO of Facebook store platform provider Storeya, who credits the under $50 price limit imposed by Facebook as a key factor. “Fifty dollar deals sound like a small portion of the e-commerce market,” said Dror, “but our numbers show that 57 perent of the millions of products that have been imported into Facebook using our platform match this figure of $50 and below.”
Dror suggests that the low price point would allow network users to “test the water” without incurring too much risk, which, for Facebook, could result in a positive outcome. “Without irritating large online commerce companies like Amazon and eBay, Facebook is actually taking a nice bite from their market, and considering its annual $1B profits from ads, this is certainly a market it needs to be in,” Dror added.
Others, such as Wired senior editor Ryan Tate, view Facebook’s move into social commerce as comparatively benign. “The launch of Facebook Gifts is modest: Facebook is emphasizing sub-$50 products like socks, cupcakes, teddy bears, and Starbucks gift cards,” said Tate.
But, with 1 billion users and counting, is anything that Facebook does benign? Even though Gifts puts Facebook on the very edge of a territory where Amazon reigns as king, will Zuckerberg be content to stay there? To further quote Tate: “If anyone is better positioned than Amazon to recommend products to people, it’s Facebook, and the company is off to an auspicious start. It’s a small start, but then so was Facebook itself.”
Is Gifts a shot across Amazon’s bow? Is Facebook testing the social commerce waters, and do you expect more to come? It’s anyone’s guess, but I would like to hear your viewpoint, so please leave a comment.
(UPDATE: No sooner did I write this post than Facebook announced the launch of a new e-commerce feature called Collections, which it is testing with a few select brands. All Facebook reports that Collections enables Facebook users to not only like, but collect, want, or buy products that brands share through images on the social network.
If Gifts is Facebook’s way of treading on Amazon’s turf, then Collections is certainly the network’s way of doing something similar with Pinterest. So, in answer to my question, “Do you expect more to come?,” I guess the answer is resoundingly yes. What’s next?!) | <urn:uuid:3bd08cad-5ec9-4bb1-bb79-6a3081be7329> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://digitalintelligencetoday.com/facebook-gifts-tip-of-the-social-gifting-iceberg-this-holiday-season/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00439-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953073 | 655 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Top 5 -yesterday
- Taking the wisdom from indoor farming and bringing it into greenhouses
- Top tips for growing lettuce in a greenhouse
- Greenhouse grower purchases 75-acre greenhouse in Jalisco, Mexico
- "One thing's sure: there will be less lit cultivation next season"
- New type of strawberry harvester introduced to the market
Top 5 -last month
Certhon realizes 40 hectares for Russia's largest retailer
The project will be divided in two phases of 20 hectares and will be fully equipped for growing cucumbers. Certhon is responsible for the design and will supply and install all technical installations. A speciality which the company has demonstrated all over the world for many years. Since Certhon has all disciplines under one roof, all systems are aligned perfectly together.
Magnit is Russia's largest retailer. Founded in 1994, the company is headquartered in the southern Russian city of Krasnodar. As of May 31, 2014, Magnit has 23 distribution centres and over 8,500 stores in more than 1,905 cities. Magnit employs 220,000 people and realised in 2013 a turnover of € 12 billion.
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Other news in this sector:
- 2022-08-09 CAN (OB): Ever Tru Farms launches 15-acre expansion
- 2022-07-22 Australian HFF inducts two life members with an incredible story of greenhouse construction in Mongolia
- 2022-07-22 US: architect develops greenhouse for his Boston neighborhood
- 2022-07-21 China: Smart greenhouses boost yields
- 2022-07-21 A schoolgirl from Kazakhstan has developed a "smart" greenhouse
- 2022-07-21 Australia: Tomatoes and jobs to grow in Tatura
- 2022-07-13 California open field grower expands into hydroponic lettuces
- 2022-07-11 Iowa family farm sees success with tunnel greenhouses
- 2022-07-07 Evolving tomato cultivation in Ontario
- 2022-07-05 Oman: Jusoor Foundation to produce saplings and citrus plants in greenhouses
- 2022-07-05 Naturvillan is a self-sufficient, off-grid A-frame greenhouse home in Sweden
- 2022-06-30 US (ME): ‘Crew of octogenarians’ builds greenhouse in Lewiston yard
- 2022-06-30 CAN: Abegweit First Nation invests in food security with new greenhouse
- 2022-06-30 Finnish propagator Sigg-Plant expands capacity with 40%
- 2022-06-29 Twentyfour-year-old Saudi farmer engineers a blooming desert
- 2022-06-29 Canada: Church greenhouse program supports migrant workers
- 2022-06-29 S. Korean smart farm technology creates cooling greenhouses in Vietnam
- 2022-06-28 'Growing together by sharing the Chinese 'pie'
- 2022-06-28 Amazon seeks to convert Great Falls nursery into a greenhouse
- 2022-06-28 Big harvest for muskmelon in Indonesian greenhouse | <urn:uuid:94d8c8e6-cfc4-43c0-8ee1-c1ba199d0f58> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hortidaily.com/article/6011252/certhon-realizes-40-hectares-for-russia-s-largest-retailer/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.834405 | 764 | 1.617188 | 2 |
It’s been about 7 months since Ontario’s coroner announced that it was going to review cycling deaths in Ontario, on October 24th, 2011 Chief Coroner Andrew McCallum announced that he be investigating cycling deaths over the last 4 years in Ontario. That report was released this week, Office for the Chief Coroner for Ontario: Cycling Death Review – A Review of All Accidental Cycling Deaths in Ontario from January 2006 to December 31st, 2010. Today I had a chance to sit down and go through the report in detail. The findings are not surprising, there need to be some changes and enhancements to the infrastructure, education, legislation and enforcement.
A few things that caught my attention in the report:
- 129 deaths reviewed in total. 111 male, 18 female.
- The deaths are referred to as ‘accidental’ in this report. All of these ‘accidental’ incidents were PREDICTABLE and PREVETABLE
- Â Only 26% of those killed were wearing helmets! 56% of those <18 were not wearing a helmet at the time of their accident (it’s illegal under the age of 18 to not wear a helmet). 55% of resulting deaths were due to head injuries.
- 24% of Canadians are obese, 2/3rds of us are inactive!
- In 71% of the deaths there was a modifiable behaviour by the cyclist contributing to the death.
- In total 30 drivers were given 34 charges; 13 criminal and 21 under the HTA
- The recommendations presented speak to the data collected. Each file was manually reviewed and 77 data points were captured.
Here’s a quick summary of what the report says …
The review team developed a project charter with a mission statement, a scope and 5 hypotheses. The hypotheses shaped the focus and direction of the report. Each of the 129 files manually reviewed had 77 data points recorded, all of which were scoped from the 5 hypotheses.
The 5 Hypotheses and Subsequent Findings:
- Cycling deaths are more likely to occur during the spring and summer months: This hypothesis was confirmed; three-quarters of fatal cycling collisions occurred from April to September.
- Cycling deaths are more likely to occur in those not wearing helmets: Our data showed the rate of helmet use to be very low – only 26 percent of those cyclists killed during the Review period were wearing a helmet. Those cyclists whose cause of death included a head injury were three times more likely to not be wearing a helmet compared to those who died of other injuries.
- Cycling deaths are more likely to occur when the cyclist and/or driver involved in a collision with a cyclist is using a mobile entertainment/communication device: Our data were not conclusive enough to confirm this hypothesis, as this information was not captured reliably in all cases. However, we did identify 21 cases in which either the cyclist or the driver were engaged in distracting activities that were felt to have contributed to the collision. In ten of these, the cyclist was wearing headphones attached to a mobile entertainment device.
- Cycling deaths are more likely to occur when one or more persons involved in the collision are under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs: Again, the nature of our data was such that we were not able to make a definitive statement about the rate of alcohol and/or drug use among drivers involved in fatal cycling collisions. Despite this limitation, we identified 30 cyclists and 10 drivers who were under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs at the time of the collision; the number of the number of individuals under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs is likely significantly under-represented in our data. The prevalence of alcohol and/or drug use while cycling in our Review is significant, and supports the need for targeted public education as noted above.
- The vast majority of cycling deaths are preventable: This hypothesis was strongly supported by our data. In virtually every case, some modifiable action(s) on the part of the cyclist, driver, or both, contributed to the death. Uncontrollable factors, such as weather and road conditions, rarely contributed to the death. In three cases the exact circumstances were not known, so it was not possible to determine with certainty whether the factors which contributed to the collision were related to the cyclist, the driver or both. However, our data support the conclusion that all of the 129 deaths in this Review could have been prevented.
In total there were 14 recommendations made to various Ministries in Ontario, to the Municipalities and to Transport Canada. A detailed description of the 14 recommendations can be found in the full report under the categories of infrastructure, education, legislation and enforcement.
The recommendations included:
- Adoption of a “complete streets†approach – focused on the safety of all road users – to guide the redevelopment of existing communities and the design of new communities throughout Ontario.
- Â Development of an Ontario Cycling Plan to guide the development of policy, legislation and regulations and the commitment of infrastructure funding to support cycling in Ontario.
-  A comprehensive cycling safety public awareness and education strategy, starting in public schools, and continuing through the purchase of every new and used bicycle and through driver’s license testing.
- Legislative change (Highway Traffic Act (HTA); Municipal Act; relevant Municipal By-Laws) aimed at ensuring clarity and consistency regarding interactions between cyclists and other road users.
- Strategies to promote and support helmet use for cyclists of all ages.
- Implementation of mandatory helmet legislation for cyclists of all ages, within the context of an evaluation of the impact of this legislation on cycling activity.
- Establishment of a “one-meter†rule for vehicles when passing cyclists.
- Prioritizing the development of paved shoulders on provincial highways.
- Mandatory side-guards for heavy trucks.
- Enforcement, education and public safety activities targeted to the specific issues of cycling safety identified in a given community.
Posted: June 21st, 2012 under active transportation, Cycling, Driver Safety, infrastructure, ontario.
Tags: active transportation, cars, Coroner's Review, Cycling, infrastructure, ontario, Safety, toronto | <urn:uuid:8c496de5-36ed-4780-9628-c591d8997da6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://sashaonthestreet.ca/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00545-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969847 | 1,283 | 1.976563 | 2 |
On a monthly basis, German retail sales lost 0.2 percent, their third drop running and well below an analysts’ forecasts compiled by Dow Jones Newswires that had pointed to an increase of 0.5 percent. On a 12-month basis, retail sales lost 0.3 percent in December, the Destatis statistics service said.
And for all of 2008, they were 0.4 percent lower than in 2007, when they had plunged by 2.3 percent owing to an increase in the country’s value added tax.
On Monday, the German GfK research institute said consumer spending should resist the effects of rising unemployment this year but warned that the global economic slump would affect consumption in 2010.
“Experts generally anticipate that the crisis will not impact decisively on the labour market and consequently consumption until 2010,” a GfK statement said.
Destatis noted Tuesday that retail sales figures, which are based on data from seven German states that account for about 76 percent of all sales, are often revised and corrected its November result upwards, though it remained in negative territory at minus 0.1 percent.
The numbers do not include sales of automobiles or sales at petrol stations. Consumption is the weakest link in Germany’s export-oriented economy, and officials regularly seek to boost consumer spending, especially since exports have been curbed by slowdowns or recessions in major global economies.
The German Economy Ministry has said that economic activity might contract by up to 3.0 percent this year, and the country is already in recession after the economy shrank in the last three quarters of 2008.
Last week, the German labour office said unemployment had jumped by 387,000 to just under 3.5 million people in January. Those figures showed that 8.3 percent of the German workforce was out of work in January, up from 7.4 percent in December.
“Mr. Average Citizen is fully aware of the fact that the brutal recession equals rising unemployment and less job security,” noted UniCredit Group analyst Andreas Rees.
He forecast that another 500,000 jobs would be lost in Germany this year, while Commerzbank counterpart Simon Junker put the figure at 700,000. “It is unlikely – not to say illusionary – that consumer expenditure will transform itself into a growth engine,” Rees concluded. | <urn:uuid:91ff4677-8417-4254-9afe-0d6dedfc4042> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thelocal.de/20090203/17173/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.967733 | 483 | 1.78125 | 2 |
We’ve long known that smokers who switch to smokeless tobacco substantially increase their chances for longer and healthier lives. Now there’s compelling evidence that switching to smokeless can help smokers achieve complete tobacco and nicotine abstinence.
Swedish nicotine expert Dr. Karl Fagerström and Virginia Commonwealth University psychologist Dr. Thomas Eissenberg assessed the addictiveness, or dependence, of various forms of tobacco and nicotine (abstract here). Researchers in this field have developed a plethora of complex and sophisticated instruments to measure dependence. For example, Dr. Fagerström developed the most widely used dependence scale for cigarette smoking – the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence.
For their new analysis, Fagerström and Eissenberg took a simple, brilliant approach. They assessed dependence for cigarettes, smokeless tobacco and medicinal nicotine by looking at the quit rates from clinical cessation trials for each of these products. However, instead of looking at the treatment groups, they looked at the placebo groups; these provide baseline quit rates for cigarettes, smokeless tobacco and medicinal nicotine. With this data, they could compare the relative quit rates for the three products.
The researchers found that the quit rate for cigarettes in these aggressive clinical trials was around 10% -- probably twice as high as that seen among the general population.
The average quit rate for smokeless tobacco was about 25% (range 19 – 33%), and the rate for quitting long-term nicotine gum use (in one study) was 36%. The higher quit rates indicate that these products are less addictive than smoking.
Fagerström and Eissenberg concluded that “…quitting cigarette smoking is more difficult than quitting smokeless tobacco and, although there is only one study from the [medicinal nicotine] category, that quitting these products may be easiest….the cigarette may be, in addition to the most harmful product, the most dependence-producing product.”
Harm reduction opponents have argued for years that switching is not a viable option because it perpetuates nicotine addiction. This study shows that smokers who switch to smokeless tobacco may markedly improve their odds of achieving complete abstinence, in addition to improving their health. | <urn:uuid:0835a021-47dd-42dd-8394-27c09f43049a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://rodutobaccotruth.blogspot.com/2012/05/reducing-tobacco-dependence-compelling.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00052-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.925076 | 449 | 2.5625 | 3 |
I remember I wrote about spontaneity a few years back on this blog. I remember how I was thinking about it one day and eventually had my thoughts written down. You can read my article here. It so happened later that I was accosted by a few students. They wanted to work on their final year’s project and needed a great problem to work on. I gave them this idea to work on where experience is correlated in the human brain. Some of the work one of them did has now been published. You may find it quite interesting. I think it can lead to a few good problems to work on in the area of neuroscience. If you are interested give me a shout. It is possible that I or Ali Kumail (one of the important people who worked on this project) can help you work on a great project.
Experience is luscious! Experienced people who act spontaneously in any feat are considered attractive, draw attention, receive praise, and have many admirers. Whether an experienced person is a speaker, a teacher, a driver or a sportsman, dexterity has its own swag. It is well known that human faculties are controlled and monitored by the brain.
If you found an error, highlight it and press Shift + Enter or click here to inform us. | <urn:uuid:127fba95-7c4c-43b9-a30c-89ceb3aa0e96> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://psyopsprime.com/consciousness/neural-correlates-of-experience/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.989261 | 265 | 1.914063 | 2 |
IMF picks White House adviser as chief economist
WASHINGTON (AP) — The International Monetary Fund plans to name White House economic adviser Maurice Obstfeld as its chief economist.
Obstfeld, who is on leave from the University of California, Berkeley, replaces the retiring Olivier Blanchard.
Obstfeld has written two influential textbooks on international economics, one with Nobel Prize winner and New York Times columnist Paul Krugman.
"He is known around the globe for his work on international economics and is considered one of the most influential macroeconomists in the world," IMF managing director Christine Lagarde said in a printed statement. Obstfeld will take the job on Sept. 8.
The fund has been deeply involved in efforts to resolve the Greek economic crisis, urging Greece's European creditors to offer the beleaguered country significant debt relief. | <urn:uuid:43305d81-4635-4e5c-9cd8-ac93b9dfe1f7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.columbusceo.com/story/business/2015/07/20/imf-picks-white-house-adviser/22952469007/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.948481 | 169 | 1.5625 | 2 |
versão On-line ISSN 1996-7489
versão impressa ISSN 0038-2353
S. Afr. j. sci. vol.109 no.9-10 Pretoria Jan. 2013
Philipp A. Bloching; Harald Heinzl
Medical University of Vienna - Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Vienna, Austria
Quantitatively assessing the scientific relevance of a research paper is challenging for two reasons. Firstly, scientific relevance may change over time, and secondly, it is unclear how to evaluate a recently published paper. The temporally averaged paper-specific impact factor is defined as the yearly average of citations to the paper until now including bonus citations equal to the journal impact factor in the publication year. This new measure subsequently allows relevance rankings and annual updates of all (i.e. both recent and older) scientific papers of a department, or even a whole scientific field, on a more objective basis. It can also be used to assess both the average and overall time-dependent scientific relevance of researchers in a specific department or scientific field.
Keywords: journal impact factor; paper-specific impact factor; time course; single paper evaluation; researcher evaluation
Identifying the most relevant scientific papers within a certain department or field may seem to be a simple task at first sight, but the resultant need to rank the papers makes it a serious challenge. A selection compiled by superiors or (alleged) experts may be immediately challenged by those whose papers do not feature. Accusations of bias and general discontent may follow. In order to avoid such discord, the selection could alternatively be based on a compromise between all the stakeholders. For instance, each researcher could be allowed to select a certain number of their papers depending on years already spent in research, although such an approach may lead to suboptimal selections from the viewpoint of scientific relevance.
Usually, quantitative measures of the scientific relevance of the publishing journal are considered, with the journal impact factor being the most common choice.1 The journal impact factor can be regarded as an estimate of the average number of citations a journal paper will receive in the first 2 years following the publication year. Most notable is the poor correlation of a journal's impact factor and the actual number of citations of the individual papers within the journal.2 Therefore, measuring the scientific relevance of single papers by the impact factor of the journal in which they appear seems reasonable for papers recently published. However, for all other papers, the use of the journal impact factor is limited by a levelling effect as both highly cited and infrequently cited papers are given the same impact factor. There is therefore a need for a quantitative paper-specific evaluation criterion.
The basic idea behind paper-specific scientific relevance is that highly relevant papers will be cited more often than papers which are less relevant. A simple and straightforward first approach is therefore to sum the number of citations a paper has received to date. The citation h-index for single publications is another approach adapted from the author h-index.3,4 A publication has citation h-index H, if H of its citing papers have been cited at least H times each, and the remainder of the citing papers have been cited no more than H times each. Both the number of citations received and the citation h-index can never decrease over time. The former can be considered a measure of the first-generation spread of a publication and the latter a measure of its second-generation spread. Neither can be used to compare papers with different publication dates, as older papers are obviously favoured over newer ones.
Dividing the number of citations received and the citation h-index by the number of years since the respective publication appeared yields the average number of citations per year and the citation m-quotient, respectively. The latter is analogous with the m-quotient for authors.3 The average number of citations per year is a disadvantage only for recently published papers whose first citing papers have yet to be written, submitted and published. This disadvantage is even more prolonged for the citation m-quotient, for which a second generation of citing papers is required.
However, all these approaches ignore a psychological influence, in that they do not appraise the reputation an author acquires when publishing in a journal with a high impact factor. Such journals are usually flooded with submissions and simply having a paper accepted for publication is considered an achievement sui generis, even if the paper is rarely cited afterwards.
Keeping all these factors in mind, we aimed to derive a measure which
1. considers citations of a paper as crucial
2. avoids disadvantages for a paper just published
3. recognises the reputation of publishing in a journal with a high impact factor
The temporally averaged paper-specific impact factor (TAPSIF) fulfills these requirements. TAPSIF is the paper's average number of citations per year (including the publication year) combined with bonus cites for the publishing journal's prestige - which is taken as the journal impact factor from the publication year. Furthermore, the annual TAPSFF values of all the papers of an author can be appropriately combined to measure the overall scientific relevance of the author over time.
The temporally averaged paper-specific impact factor (JAPSIF) of a scientific paper for a given year is defined as
where pubyear denotes the publication year of the paper, IF(pubyear) denotes the journal impact factor in the publication year, and citations(i) denotes the number of citations the paper has received in the i-th year.
The basic idea is that in the publication year the paper's scientific value is derived from the impact factor - the scientific relevance or prestige of the journal. With the passing of time, the journal's relevance becomes less important and the paper's own performance - determined by the number of citations received - comes to the fore. Note that alternatively the journal impact factor of the paper submission year or of the year for which TAPSIF is computed could be considered. The former would account for the relevance of the journal when it was chosen by the authors, the latter would account for temporal changes in relevance (for details see Bloching5).
Assume that an author has published n(year) papers up to a specific year. The TAPSFF can now be used to define a measure for the scientific relevance of the author for this year - the temporally summarised author-specific impact factor (TSASIF):
where TAPSIFJ(year) denotes the TAPSFF of the y-th paper in the specific year. An annual mean TAPS F for the papers of the author can also be defined - the temporally averaged author-specific impact factor (TAASIF):
Results and discussion
For demonstration purposes assume that researchers in a scientific department have published three papers - A, B and C - in three different scientific journals in 2004 (and none before or afterwards). Furthermore assume that the journal impact factors of the journals in which Papers A and B were published were 2.5 and 10 in 2004, respectively. Assume Paper C was published in a local scientific journal or conference proceedings for which no impact factor was available, so a value of zero is used. The assumed citation counts and the resultant TAPSFF values for the three papers for the years 2004 to 2011 are shown in Table 1.
Papers B and C start with a TAPSFF value equal to their respective journal impact factor in the assumed publication year 2004. Paper A shows a TAPSIF value larger than its journal impact factor as it has already received a citation in the publication year. Paper A regularly receives a small number of citations over the next years. The resulting TAPSFF values vary slightly, but tend to stabilise in the long run. The high impact factor of the journal in which Paper B was published leads to a high TAPSIF value for 2004. Because the paper is not cited thereafter, the TAPSIF constantly declines. Paper B would be considered less relevant than Paper A from 2009 onwards.
Paper C exemplifies the case of an originally unappreciated publication which suddenly attracts attention. The TAPSIF values reflect this pattern over time by grading Paper C as most relevant from 2008 onwards. A paper published in conference proceedings or in a journal without an impact factor is often considered a wasted effort. However, through citations it can gain in value over time as TAPSIF is recomputed each year. With regard to our initial question, such a paper could even, at some point, score highly in a selected ranking.
As citation habits and frequencies are much too different between scientific subject areas, TAPSff values, like journal impact factors, should not be compared between them. In other words, the TAPSFF is ideally suited for ranking scientific papers of a single department (or, more generally, a single scientific field) and not for ranking those of a whole university (or, more generally, across various scientific fields).
The TAPSFF can also provide a reasonable basis for researcher evaluation beyond the popular h-index. Crucial features of the h-index are its monotonic increase over time and its favouring of researchers who steadily publish medium-quality papers over those who rarely publish highly cited papers.
The TAASFF enables a yearly comparison of the individual average scientific relevance across various researchers, irrespective of their seniority and productivity. The TSASIF measures a researcher's overall scientific relevance in a specific year. A researcher's seniority and productivity are considered in the TSASIF. If a researcher's scientific relevance begins to decline, then both TAASIF and TSASIF will decrease over time. As for TAPSIF, the use of TAASIF and TSASIF should be restricted to single departments or single scientific fields for the purposes of comparison.
Both authors contributed equally to this paper. The paper is partly based on the diploma thesis of PA.B.; H.H. suggested the three new bibliometric measures and supervised the thesis.
5. Bloching PA. Quantitative Bewertung von medizinischen Publikationen: Temporally averaged paper-specific impact factor [Quantitative assessment of medical publications: Temporally averaged paper-specific impact factor] [thesis]. Vienna: Medical University of Vienna; 2012. German. [ Links ]
Received: 11 Mar. 2013
Accepted: 05 Apr. 2013
Medical University of Vienna - Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics Intelligent Systems, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090 Vienna, Austria | <urn:uuid:6a906e7f-a68e-406e-9807-c13c0001f1fd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0038-23532013000500017&lng=pt&nrm=iso | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00237-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927116 | 2,153 | 1.570313 | 2 |
What became known as the MINARET program had its basis in earlier efforts to create watch lists initially for suspected threats to the president, for drug dealers, and then, according to the NSA history, for “domestic terrorism.”
From left to right: Martin Luther King Jr., President Lyndon B. Johnson, Whitney Young, and James Farmer. Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential Library, On-line Photo Archive, W425-21.
As civil unrest grew in the late 1960s, President Lyndon Johnson became increasingly concerned that civil rights movements, peace groups, military deserters, and black power organizations were funded by insurgent foreign powers (“Moscow gold”). The federal government was already attempting to automate the monitoring of foreign communications and had slowly taken steps to turn this ear on its own citizens. The effort culminated in 1969 with an program called MINARET.“The project, which became known officially as Minaret in 1969, employed unusual procedures. NSA distributed reports without the usual serialization. They were designed to look like HUMINT reports rather than SIGINT and readers could find no originating agency. Years later the NSA lawyer who first looked at the procedural aspects stated that the people involved seemed to understand that the operation was disreputable if not outright illegal.” Interagency Security Classification Appeals Panel (ISCAP) July 2013 declassification review by the National Security Archives.
As reported by the New York Times:David Kahn, “Big Ear Or Big Brother?”, The New York Times, May 16, 1976.
In addition to sucking up and disgorging its daily load of intercepts from abroad, the N.S.A. had improperly eavesdropped on the conversations of many Americans, such as the antiwar protesters Benjamin Spock and Jane Fonda and the Rev. Ralph Abernathy, successor to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., current director of the National Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs and other Government agencies, its vast technological capabilities had invaded the domestic field.
The program included a specific watch list that targeted both Martin Luther King Jr. and Whitney Young (pictured above with President Johnson). It ran totally without judicial oversight or legislative charter. The NSA, which was created to assure the security of American communications and gather intelligence on foreign adversaries, had no authority to target Americans. Regardless, no one at the agency was ever held accountable for breaking the law.
Stretch, Harvest, Tractor, and Rye
The NSA was tasked with broadly monitoring American communications because they had the best tools for the job. The IBM Stretch supercomputer with its custom NSA modules, Harvest, Tractor, and Rye, was the most capable machine of its era. It was specifically built to satisfy the NSA’s “emphasis on manipulation of large volumes of data and on great flexibility and variety in nonnumerical logic processes.”Samuel S. Snyder, “Influence Of U.S. Cryptologic Organizations On The Digital Computer Industry”, Cryptologic Spectrum 7/8, 4/2 (1977/1978).
In other words, the NSA wasn’t looking to process numerical bank statements or compute the routes of subatomic particles, it was processing large amounts of communication data in a variety of formats.
Harvest was a stream processing unit that could process 3,000,000 characters a second. A keyword search could scan roughly 30,000 intercepted messages/minute. There was simply no equivalent machine in the 1960s. Tractor was an enormous magnetic tape unit that could hold 44 billion characters (~40 GB),“Each TRACTOR reel contained an 1800-foot-long tape, capable of holding 120 million characters.” “The tape reel, together with a take-up reel, was enclosed in a dust-proof cartridge designed to be mounted, dismounted, stored and retrieved by the automated tape library. […] TRACTOR could swap one cartridge for another in 18 seconds.” “IBM Archives: TRACTOR”, ibm.com, 2003
and Rye offered remote terminal access that allowed agents abroad to input signals intelligence.
Before the assassination of King ignited days of civil unrest, signals intelligence used computers to help in the government effort to defame King and undermine his cause. Large organizations have always invested in machines like Stretch because information is often the most effective weapon in a conflict.
As America is once again gripped in strife, remember that there was a time when widely admired citizens like Martin Luther King and Whitney Young were suspected of being domestic terrorists by their own government. The narrative can change. But we must overcome the disinformation and fear that has overtaken the United States. | <urn:uuid:0022a955-a391-46cc-84db-ffb5b5a1218a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://schmud.de/posts/2020-06-02-mlk.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.961668 | 954 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Who's Behind Listverse?
Jamie founded Listverse due to an insatiable desire to share fascinating, obscure, and bizarre facts. He has been a guest speaker on numerous national radio and television stations and is a five time published author.More About Us
10 People Who Were Wrongly Convicted Of Nonexistent Crimes
It’s a sad event when an innocent person is wrongly convicted of a crime they did not commit. However, it’s especially tragic when the alleged crime never even occurred in the first place. If an innocent person is charged with a crime that someone else committed, there’s always a chance they will have their name cleared once the real perpetrator is caught, but exoneration can become a lot more difficult when no one else is to blame. Because of false accusations or serious misinterpretation of the facts, the following people wound up being punished for a nonexistent crime.
10Victoria Bell Banks
Infanticide is a truly heinous crime deserving the most severe punishment, but it generally requires the infant to have once existed. Those who prosecuted Victoria Bell Banks, however, begged to differ. In May 1999, Banks was incarcerated at the Choctaw County Jail in Butler, Alabama when she requested a furlough, claiming to be pregnant. She was examined by a pair of doctors, who disagreed about her condition—one thought they could detect a fetal heartbeat, while the other insisted she was not pregnant. Nevertheless, Banks was granted her furlough.
Three months later, she was questioned by authorities, who noticed she was no longer pregnant and wanted to know what became of her child. Banks eventually confessed to murdering the baby after it was born and disposing of the remains. She further implicated her husband and her sister, who both confessed to the crime. In order to avoid the death penalty, the trio pleaded guilty to manslaughter and received 15-year sentences.
The convictions were highly controversial. It was eventually revealed that all three suspects had low IQs and had been coerced into confessing to the crime and entering their guilty pleas. Furthermore, it was likely that Victoria fabricated her pregnancy as a ploy to get released from jail. In fact, she had actually received a tubal ligation four years beforehand. Her alleged accomplices were eventually released from prison after this evidence came to light, but Banks never attempted to appeal her conviction, so she remains incarcerated for the death of a nonexistent child.
9Louise Butler And George Yelder
In 1928, Louise Butler lived in Lowndes County, Alabama with her two children and two nieces. Butler had garnered the attention of a married neighbor named George Yelder but soon became jealous of the attention he lavished upon her 14-year-old niece, Topsy Warren.
One night in April, Butler decided to confront Warren and allegedly beat her. When Warren disappeared shortly thereafter, the community suspected foul play. During the investigation, Butler’s daughter, Julia, and her second niece, Anne-Mary, informed the authorities that Butler had murdered Warren and Yelder had dismembered the remains before tossing them into a river.
Butler was arrested and confessed to Warren’s murder, and both she and Yelder were indicted for the crime. However, Butler quickly recanted her confession, and Yelder’s family claimed he was with them on the night of the alleged murder. In spite of these discrepancies, Julia and Anne-Mary provided such vivid testimony about the crime that both were found guilty and sentenced to life imprisonment.
Less than a week after the verdicts, the community received some shocking news: Topsy Warren was still alive and living with relatives in a nearby town. When confronted, Julia and Anne-Mary claimed that a man who held a grudge against Yelder had coached them into fabricating their story about Warren’s murder. Butler and Yelder were granted full pardons and released from prison.
The 1980s were plagued by hysteria as many daycare providers were charged with sexual abuse against children and performing satanic rituals in their presence. Most of these charges turned out to be false. The first person to be officially convicted was Bernard Baran, a 19-year-old teacher’s aide at the Early Childhood Development Center (ECDC) in Pittsfield, Massachusetts.
In September 1984, allegations of sexual abuse at another daycare center in nearby Malden hit the news. Shortly thereafter, the parents of a child attending the ECDC expressed their displeasure at the school’s employment of Baran, who is homosexual. When the school refused to fire Baran, the parents removed their child from its care, and on October 5, they went to the police and accused Baran of sexually abusing their child.
The charges were clearly ludicrous—the child had not even attended school on the day they claimed the abuse occurred. As drug addicts and police informants, the parents weren’t the most credible witnesses, either. Nevertheless, once word of this allegation spread, five more children came forward to accuse Baran of molesting them. One month later, Baran was indicted on six counts of rape and six counts of indecent assault.
After being sentenced to two concurrent life terms, Baran languished in prison for nearly two decades until a new legal team took on his case and noticed some odd discrepancies. Like most of the “sex abuse hysteria” cases, all the victimized children denied being molested at first. They only made their accusations against Baran after being coached by parents and therapists, and their stories were filled with inconsistencies. After his new legal team lodged allegations of misconduct against the prosecution at his original trial, Baran was granted a conditional release in 2006. All charges against him were dropped three years later.
One of the most controversial executions of all time occurred in Texas in 2004, when Cameron Todd Willingham was put to death for burning down his home, murdering his three children in the process. However, a reexamination of the case determined that the fire was likely an accident.
In 1991, a Texas woman named Sonia Cacy found herself at the center of another controversial arson case. On November 10, Cacy’s Fort Stockton home burned to the ground, and her 76-year-old uncle, Bill Richardson, was killed. Cacy managed to escape, but she claimed she could not reach her uncle. After traces of gasoline were found on Richardson’s clothing, authorities concluded that Cacy had set her uncle on fire in order to inherit his estate. She was convicted of murder and sentenced to 99 years in prison.
However, an autopsy report revealed that Richardson had virtually no smoke or carbon monoxide in his lungs. He had likely died of a heart attack before the fire even started. Furthermore, Richardson was a heavy smoker who was known for accidentally starting fires after falling asleep with lit cigarettes in his hand. It seemed likely that faulty scientific evidence had determined Richardson was doused with gasoline, since a more thorough investigation found no trace of accelerants at the scene.
This new evidence was presented to the Board of Pardons and Paroles, who were so convinced of Cacy’s innocence that they granted her parole in 1998. However, even in light of the new evidence, Sonia Cacy remains a convicted felon in the eyes of the law and continues to fight to clear her name.
In 1989, Patricia Stallings lived in St. Louis with her husband, David, and their infant son, Ryan. In July, Ryan became seriously ill. He was admitted to the hospital, where diagnostic tests revealed high levels of ethylene glycol, a chemical found in antifreeze, in his blood. This led doctors to believe that Ryan was poisoned, so the authorities were notified.
While Patricia and David were under investigation, they were only allowed supervised visits with their son. During one visit, Patricia was briefly left alone with Ryan to feed him some formula. Days later, he became seriously ill again. Ryan was only five months old when he passed away on September 7. Authorities concluded that Patricia had poisoned Ryan’s formula, so she was charged with her son’s murder.
At the time, Patricia was pregnant, and she eventually gave birth to a son named David Jr. while incarcerated. The child was placed in foster care, but it wasn’t long before David Jr. became ill—in fact, he started exhibiting the exact same symptoms as Ryan. He was eventually diagnosed with a rare genetic disorder called methylmalonic acidemia (MMA). Since it would have been impossible for Patricia to poison David Jr., it seemed plausible that Ryan’s death could have been caused by MMA as well.
Unfortunately, Patricia’s lawyer was not allowed to present David Jr.’s MMA diagnosis to the jury at her trial, so she was convicted of first-degree murder and sentenced to life imprisonment. After Patricia’s case was featured on the TV show Unsolved Mysteries, several doctors who were experts on MMA phoned in to volunteer their services. Tests were performed on Ryan’s blood to confirm that he died from MMA, and the charges against Patricia Stallings were dropped.
Mack Ingram, a 42-year old black farmer from Yannickville, North Carolina, became the victim of one of the strangest wrongful convictions of all time after he was sent to prison for a sexual assault which never happened. What made this case especially odd was that everyone involved, including the alleged victim, acknowledged that no assault actually took place.
On June 4, 1951, Ingram needed to borrow a wagon, so he went to the home of a white neighbor, Aubrey Boswell. He mistook Boswell’s 17-year-old daughter, Willa Jean, for her father due to the way she was dressed, in overalls and a hat. He pursued her across a field for some time, trying to get her attention, but when Willa Jean saw that a man was following her, she screamed and ran away.
Later that day, after Aubrey Boswell complained to the police, Ingram was arrested and charged with assault with intent to rape. Willa Jean claimed that even though Ingram never spoke to her or came closer than about 20 meters (75 ft), she felt he was looking at her in a leering manner. At the time, North Carolina had a law which stated that assault could occur even without physical contact, so Ingram was sent to trial, found guilty of “assault on a female,” and sentenced to two years of hard labor.
The NAACP soon came forward to help Ingram fight his conviction. In March 1953, after numerous appeals and two retrials, the North Carolina Supreme Court finally dismissed the case. Mack Ingram was exonerated after serving nearly two years for a nonexistent crime.
4The Detroit Sleeper Cell
After the tragic events of September 11, 2001, the United States became very aggressive in its attempts to combat terrorism. On September 17, the FBI was searching for a suspect on a terrorist watch list. They invaded a Detroit apartment and found three North African immigrants named Ahmed Hannan, Karim Koubriti, and Farouk Ali-Hamoud. They also found evidence to suggest they had uncovered a sleeper cell of Islamic terrorists, including sketches of what appeared to be a Jordanian military hospital and a videotape featuring footage of Disneyland and Las Vegas. They believed these locations might be future targets.
The three suspects, along with another man named Abdel-Ilah Elmardoudi, were subsequently indicted for conspiracy to support terrorism. A witness named Youssef Hmimmsa testified that the four suspects had tried to recruit him into their cell. While Ali-Hamoud was ultimately acquitted and Hannan was only convicted of document fraud, Elmardoudi and Koubriti were found guilty of supporting terrorism.
However, it soon came to light that the sketches of the so-called “terrorist target” were just harmless drawings. Photographs of the actual Jordanian hospital revealed that the building did not resemble the sketches, but the prosecution never turned them over to the defense. Youssef Hmimmsa was also a known scam artist, who was overheard saying he would lie to the FBI to reduce his charges for other crimes. The supposedly incriminating videotape featured no footage of the suspects and had actually been shot by a university student who left it at their apartment. It became apparent that the case against the “Detroit sleeper cell” was a sham, so in 2004, the charges against them were dismissed.
3The Tulia 46
Tulia is a rural farming town in Texas with a population of 5,000 people. It seems like an unlikely location for a major drug scandal, but on July 23, 1999, a massive sting operation led to the arrest of 46 of the town’s residents for drug offenses. They came to be known as the “Tulia 46,” and their combined sentences totaled up to 750 years.
The officer responsible for these arrests was Tom Coleman, a freelancer who offered his services to perform undercover narcotics work in Tulia. It turned out, however, that Coleman had a history of misconduct and a reputation as a notorious liar as well as a racist—it was no coincidence that 40 of the Tulia 46 were black and nearly all of them were from poverty-stricken areas.
Coleman claimed to have made over 100 undercover drug buys in Tulia but could provide no corroborating evidence linking any of the defendants to illegal drugs. He never wore a wire to record any of his transactions, and none of the suspects’ fingerprints could be found on any of the drugs he allegedly bought. In fact, some suspects had airtight alibis placing them in other locations when their drug buys supposedly took place.
Nevertheless, Coleman managed to secure many successful convictions, even though the only evidence was his testimony. Civil rights organizations soon became suspicious and decided to challenge the convictions of the Tulia 46. In the end, most of them had their names cleared and got to share a $6 million collective settlement, while Tom Coleman was indicted for perjury.
In 1721, William Shaw was living with his daughter, Catherine, in Edinburgh, Scotland when she became romantically involved with a jeweler. William did not approve of the relationship, as he had already picked out another man for his daughter to marry, and he often locked her up in their apartment to prevent her from seeing her lover.
In October, a neighbor overheard the Shaws having a loud argument about the situation. Later that night, they heard a woman groaning, along with the words “Cruel father, thou art the cause of my death.” This prompted neighbors to enter the apartment, where they found Catherine still alive but lying on the floor with her throat slit and a knife by her side. Before she died, she allegedly nodded to acknowledge that her father was responsible.
Shortly thereafter, William returned home with bloodstains on his shirt. He claimed that the blood was his own, the result of cutting himself days earlier, but it certainly didn’t look good for him. He insisted he was not even in the apartment when Catherine died and that she must have committed suicide, but he was found guilty of his daughter’s murder and promptly hanged.
The case remained closed until the following August, when Catherine’s former room was rented to another tenant, who found a suicide note written by Catherine inside the chimney. After the handwriting on the note was proven to be Catherine’s, William Shaw was posthumously exonerated.
1The Scottsboro Boys
On March 25, 1931, a group of white teenagers were kicked off a freight train in Alabama after getting into a fight with nine black teenage boys. When this incident was reported to the police, two white girls who were on the train named Ruby Bates and Victoria Price accused the black youths of rape. The boys were all arrested and taken to Scottsboro for indictment.
After nearly being murdered by a lynch mob, all nine of the defendants were put through speedy trials over the course of three days. Even though a local physician testified that the two victims showed no signs of sexual assault, the youths were each found guilty by all-white juries, and eight of them were sentenced to death.
It wasn’t long before the International Labor Defense, the legal wing of the American Communist Party, took on the case and appealed the convictions. Since the defendants had received inadequate counsel, the US Supreme Court struck down the original verdicts and ordered new trials. During one of the retrials, Ruby Bates shocked the courtroom by recanting her testimony, claiming she made up the rape story to avoid possible arrest for vagrancy and prostitution.
In spite of this revelation, it took decades to close the case. In 1937, after a series of retrials, the charges against four of the Scottsboro boys were dropped. The rest had their convictions upheld, but four of them were paroled over the course of the next decade. The only one to not receive any exoneration was Haywood Patterson, who escaped prison in 1948. He was soon convicted of another crime and died of cancer four years later. It was not until November 2013 that the state of Alabama finally gave posthumous pardons to all nine of the Scottsboro boys.
Robin Warder is a budding Canadian screenwriter who has used his encyclopedic movie knowledge to publish numerous articles at Cracked.com. He is also the co-owner of a pop culture website called The Back Row and recently worked on a sci-fi short film called Jet Ranger of Another Tomorrow. Feel free to contact him here. | <urn:uuid:6c5d3278-c579-4702-a005-20a12d6810a6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://listverse.com/2014/07/21/10-people-who-were-wrongly-convicted-of-nonexistent-crimes/?utm_source=more&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=direct | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.98846 | 3,667 | 1.78125 | 2 |
StreetNet International welcomed their affiliate SEWA as they touched ground in Durban this week. SEWA, an organisation based in India has been selected by the Government of India for the implementation of a project called “Strengthening African People’s Organisations and NGOs” where five countries are selected in Africa. South Africa is one of the countries nominated.
The consultative workshop was organised with the assistance of StreetNet International. The objective was to understand and get to know each other’s work, expectations and the way forward to strengthen their relationships. Different cooperatives, unions, NGOs and member-based organisations had participated.
India’s association with South Africa is historical and Mahatma Gandhi’s experiments with truth, non-violence and self-reliance were developed on the African continent. SEWA being a member-based organisation and a follower of Gandhi’s philosophy, implementing its integrated approach for self-reliance of poor woman and their families in India for the last 40 years.
Based on SEWA’s interactions with their African colleagues, they felt that their integrated approach could be relevant and helpful to people, especially women workers, in some African countries.
SEWA are hoped to strengthen people’s organisations and NGOs through the following activities which were discussed:
As this is the first time that VimoSEWA and its sister organisations are undertaking a project of this kind, it is felt that a proper understanding of the needs of poor people, especially women, in each country is critical.
SEWA’s future plans are to collaborate with local organisations in each country to assess the needs and priorities of people, what exists and what inputs are required. Over the years, we have seen that it is this integrated and comprehensive approach that helps women and their families become self-reliant.
For more information, please contact:
StreetNet Media and Publicity Officer
072 2577 317
1. StreetNet International is a worker organisation that broadens, networks and represents their members through national and international structures. It is recognised as the voice of informal workers and is respected for its policies, programmes and campaigns.
2. The Self-Employed Women’s Association (SEWA) is a union of almost 1.8 million women workers of the informal economy. Founded in 1972 by Ela Bhatt, a labour lawyer and organiser, it has grown from a few thousand women in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, into a national and international movement of self-employed women workers. SEWA was started because it became clear that the mass of workers, and especially women, had no fixed employer-employee relationship, if at all. They survived through their own labour and barely had any statutory protection.
The main characteristics of informal sector workers are that they do not have basic work security nor income security. Their’s is a life-long quest for work. Their irregular income often results in their not having enough food for themselves and their families. Further, as mentioned earlier, minimum social security like health care, childcare, insurance and pension are not available to them.
Give this reality, SEWA defined its goal: To organise women for full employment for themselves and their families in order to enable them to achieve self-reliance. Full employment includes work and income security, food security and social security. The latter includes in our experience, at least health care, child care, insurance, pension and housing with basic infrastructure like water and sanitation.
There is also a portuguese version of the Blog where one can access personal updates on news and events. It can be found on this link: http://streetnetbrasil.wordpress.com/
StreetNet Newsletter 32 [pdf]
INDIA. DP is irreparable, scrap it, say activists. Times of India (10 April 2015).
TANZANIA. College plans to identify trade opportunities for hawkers. Daily News (10 April 2015) by Ludovick Kazoka.
INDIA. No street vendors, cycle rickshaws in Lajpat Nagar market: NGT. Zee News (8 April 2015) by PTI. New Delhi:
BOTSWANA. EDD is the way to go. Mmegi Online (8 April 2015).
USA. Five Courses: Hawkers' street food flair & more. Creative Loafing Tampa Bay (8 April 2015) by Meaghan Habuda.
INDIA. Hawkers may be allowed near Rishi Kapoor, Anil Ambani's Pali Hill residences. DNA India (8 April 2015) by Amrita Nayak Dutta.
ABU-DHABI. Abu Dhabi Municipality raid scares away street hawkers. Gulf News (7 April 2015).
SINGAPORE. Hawker centres to be spruced up with murals and art installations. Channel News Asia (5 April 2015) by Vimita Mohandas.
MALAYSIA. 'Development will be inclusive'. The Star Online (3 April 2015).
INDIA. 'Street vendors denied right to livelihood'. The Hindu (1 April 2015) by K.N. Umesh.
StreetNet International is an alliance of street vendors. It was launched in Durban, South Africa, in November 2002.
Membership-based organizations (unions, co-operatives or associations) directly organizing street vendors, market vendors and/or hawkers among their members, are entitled to affiliate to StreetNet International.
The aim of StreetNet is to promote the exchange of information and ideas on critical issues facing street vendors, market vendors and hawkers (i.e. mobile vendors) and on practical organizing and advocacy strategies | <urn:uuid:acc9c8dd-c401-490d-a4bd-f6359123bad4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.streetnet.org.za/show.php?id=511&lang=eng | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00484-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95744 | 1,182 | 1.585938 | 2 |
By any normal standard, bodybuilder Anita Albrecht would be considered the picture of health.
Yet as reported in Metro, the 39-year-old personal trainer was told by an NHS nurse in east London she should go on a strict diet. The reason? Her body mass index was 29 – meaning she was just short of obese.
But what is BMI? And should we still be using a system designed in the early 1800s?
BMI was created by Belgian statistician Adolphe Quetelet around 1830 as a measure of obesity and adopted by the British government in an effort to promote healthy eating.
It is calculated by dividing your weight in kilograms by your height in metres, then dividing the answer by your height again. This ratio is then compared to an index chart (known as the Quetelet index, main picture) to see whether you are underweight (a score of under 18), normal (18.5-24.9), overweight (25-29.9) or obese (over 30).
Albrecht is 1.5m tall and weighs 66kg – giving her the reading of 29. Accordingly, the nurse told her to exercise more and limit herself to 1,000 calories per day – just half the recommended number for a woman. For a competitive athlete, this was not good advice.
‘The last thing someone like Anita needs to do is restrict herself to 1,000 calories a day,’ says Caroline Finucane, health editor at NHS Choices.
‘Muscle cells need more energy to maintain than fat cells, so she’s already burning calories like there’s no tomorrow. Taking into account her fitness, waist measurement and factors such as cholesterol level and blood sugar would have given a much more accurate picture.’
Finucane says for most adults BMI is a quick and simple way to check whether you need to take action. But she admits it’s not perfect and doesn’t work for everyone.
‘It doesn’t distinguish between fat and muscle,’ she says, ‘so if you’re one of the few very muscly people like Anita, it could put you in an overweight category even if you have very little body fat. For this minority of people, BMI’s a fat lot of good.’
Although BMI might be a good rule of thumb for most, industry professionals say there are better alternatives for those who work out regularly.
‘BMI assumes we’re all made of the same proportion of fat, muscle and bone,’ says Pratik Sufi, weight-loss surgeon at the private Spire Bushey Hospital in Hertfordshire.
‘It’s not the most accurate measurement but because it is used so widely, it’s difficult to change. It’s something people recognise and trust, so to change it would take a huge concerted effort.’
So what’s the best way to see if you’re overweight? A cheap, simple and non-invasive method is to check your waist-hip ratio.
‘I don’t go by BMI because it doesn’t take into consideration 100 per cent of the population,’ says Greg Small, from the Register of Exercise Professionals. ‘But a waist-hip ratio is a good indicator of health and the risk of developing serious health conditions.’
In 2005, the Institute of Preventive Medicine in Copenhagen said people who carry weight around the waist (apple-shaped bodies) face more health risks than those who carry more weight around the hips (pear-shaped bodies).
And in 2008, The World Health Organisation published a report concluding: ‘The fundamental question of whether waist circumference and waist-hip ratio are useful measures for predicting disease risk was answered with convincing evidence.’
As an ex-professional rugby player, Small says his BMI puts him as morbidly obese. ‘For those working out regularly I wouldn’t use BMI,’ he says. ‘The waist-hip ratio is a much better assessment of where you are storing fat.’
A better measure in your hips
With questions around the validity of using BMI to determine whether you are overweight, some experts favour measuring your waist-hip ratio.
The World Health Organisation (WHO) says the waist should be measured midway between the lower margin of the last palpable rib and the top of the iliac crest (the nobbly bit at the top of your hip). Hips should be measured around the widest portion of the buttocks.
Stand with feet close together, arms at the side and body weight evenly distributed, wearing little clothing. Each measurement should be repeated twice. If the measurements are within 1cm of each another, use the average. If the difference is more, repeat the measurements.
When you have both measurements divide the one for your waist by that for your hips to arrive at your waist-hip ratio.
WHO says a result of more than 0.85 for women and 0.9 for men shows abdominal obesity and carries health risks including type 2 diabetes and heart problems. | <urn:uuid:e5bf1e21-0f88-40b2-9f61-a88bdc927850> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://metro.co.uk/2014/04/07/is-bmi-just-a-big-fat-lie-the-obesity-measure-under-the-microscope-4689423/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988722951.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183842-00211-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953417 | 1,070 | 3.28125 | 3 |
Dr. Reckeweg Collinsonia canadensis(Mother Tincture)
Tincture of fresh root.
Common Name: Horsebalm, Richweed, Stone-root.
Causes & Symptoms for Dr. Reckeweg Collinsonia canadensis
- It is a remedy for chronic catarrhal conditions, especially of stomach, bowels, and bladder, also of nose, pharynx, and larynx.
- The symptoms are worse evening and night, and better in morning.
- Pelvic and portal congestion, resulting in dysmenorrhoea,Pain during menses and hemorrhoids,piles indicates the use for Collinsonia.
- Hemorrhoids, especially in latter months of pregnancy is relieved with Collinsonia.
- The slightest mental emotion or excitement aggravates the symptoms
Mind and Head
Gloomy and lack of strength.
Frontal headache with constipation or piles is relieved with Collinsonia.
Headache having bilious origin is relieved with Collinsonia.
Mouth and Face
Tongue coated yellow along center or base, with bitter taste and loss of appetite is resolved with Collinsonia.
Flushing with heat of face and lips.
Stomach and Abdomen
Vomiting with pains and heat in stomach, Sharp cutting in stomach every few minutes while sitting.
Colic with flatulence and nausea.
Stool and anus
Constipation, with colic is marked feature of Collinsonia.
Chronic, painful, bleeding piles; sensation as if sticks, sand or gravel had lodged in rectum indicates this medicine.
Bowels not moved for days, constant pressure in rectum with a heavy dragging ache in pelvis with Hard, lumpy, knotty stools.
Piles with constipation, or even with diarrhea, bleeding or blind and protruding is relieved with Collinsonia.
Itching or burning in anus with swelling.
Varicocele with extreme constipation.
Pruritus vulvae with hemorrhoids, severe itching in the vagina with swelling, redness during menses.
While sitting trouble in genitals is relieved with Collinsonia.
Painful menses with gas in the stomach.
Periodical attacks of faintness and oppression, worse slightest motion.
Palpitation in pile subjects, piles return as heart is relieved marks the indication of Collinsonia.
Numbness and pinching of the Limbs
Tearing in both knees, passing down inside of legs to feet while sitting, dull frontal headache.
Side effects of Dr. Reckeweg Collinsonia canadensis
There are no such side effects. But every medicine should be taken following the rules as given.
It is safe to take the medicine even if you are on other mode of medication like allopathy medicines, ayurvedic etc.
Homeopathic medicines never interfere with the action of other medicines.
Dosage and rules while taking Dr. Reckeweg Collinsonia canadensis
Take 10 drops in half cup of water three times a day.
We recommend you to take under physicians guidance.
Precautions while taking Dr. Reckeweg Collinsonia canadensis
Always keep a gap of 15 minutes before or after meals when you take medicine.
If pregnant or breastfeeding, ask a homeopathic practitioner before use.
Avoid eating tobacco or drinking alcohol during the course of medication. | <urn:uuid:6a374a99-b573-4b5f-b758-707e4ec3a4f4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://shophomeo.com/products/dr-reckeweg-collinsonia-canadensis-q-mt-20ml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.874086 | 732 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Editor’s Notes: The Invisible War is available on DVD from New Video
The Invisible War is one of those rare documentaries that not only exposes an unseen issue, but does so in a timely manner when action can still be taken. It moves ahead with its nonpartisan message with statistics directly from the United States’ own government studies and outlines a terrifying reality of tolerated sexual abuse and victim-blaming within the US military. Reported cases of such abuse are rare, and proper justice is difficult in institutions that have been historically self-policed, but what happens to the victims after the dehumanizing indignity of the assault is so severe and unjust that it causes a higher percentage of PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) than actual combat. Some victims must wait years only to be denied benefits for permanent physical and mental damage because of inconclusive evidence while rapists continue to serve, blissfully unaware of the magnitude of the damage that they have inflicted on another brother/sister-in-arms.
With every incident a battle of public opinion ensues, tainted with thinly veiled misogyny or misguided patriotic avoidance of the issue as criticizing the military in any context is bound to push a few buttons.
To the casual observer, sexual assault cases in the military would seem to be the logical byproduct of the environment and levels of stress endured by its members, but such thinking is what allows this behavior to continue and sully the reputation of the entire military. These scandals have plagued the armed forces in near decennial clockwork starting with Tailhook in 1991, Aberdeen in 1996, the Air Force Academy scandal of 2003, and now accusations against the prestigious Marine Barracks in Washington DC. With every incident a battle of public opinion ensues, tainted with thinly veiled misogyny or misguided patriotic avoidance of the issue as criticizing the military in any context is bound to push a few buttons. These scandals raise public awareness of the issue and are usually followed by half-hearted attempts at policy changes, but the effects of both wane very quickly in the current climate of twenty-four hour news cycles and bloviating pundits with their infinitely deep wells of Monday morning wisdom.
It seems intuitive that in the twenty-first century sexual assault under any circumstances is unacceptable, but by fostering an environment of victim-blaming and little to no punishment issued to the offending parties the military becomes a haven for sexual predators. Victims and the filmmaker present some pragmatic ideas for reducing these attacks, but no policy change can erase the damage already inflicted on these men and women as they are meticulously wrapped in the unrelenting web of bureaucracy and slowly digested by venomous politicians seeking political gain. It’s going to take more than a few empty campaign promises to correct the fatal issues that allow such an environment to exist, but inroads are being made and The Invisible War is directly responsible for Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta implementing changes that would remove the prosecution of such cases from the unit commanders and place it in the hands of senior officers. While this will help create more objectivity and impartiality in the investigation and prosecution of such cases, the filmmakers advocate stricter measures that would place the prosecution and investigation into the hands of an impartial third-party. Such oversight would certainly be met with extreme resistance, but it may be the only way to repair the damages caused by antiquated policies plagued by outmoded ideals undercurrents of sexism.
It is a rare breed of documentary that manages to illuminate an “invisible” issue to the masses while providing pragmatic actionable solutions to the problems presented.
The Invisible War illustrates the power and importance of the documentary film as a tool for identifying and engaging with critical social issues. It is a rare breed of documentary that manages to illuminate an “invisible” issue to the masses while providing pragmatic actionable solutions to the problems presented. The Invisible War does this with care and impartiality, searching for answers and hope without over-generalized finger-pointing or self-aggrandizing exploitation. It is a documentary that deserves a wide audience and an issue that needs to be blown wide open, not for the purpose of debasing the US military, but to protect the veterans that have been assaulted and bring justice to their assailants.
This handsome DVD from Docurama Films includes bonus features such as extended interviews that listen to victims from the film as they relate their painful stories (in some cases for the first time), a Sundance post-screening where victims of abuse find one another and gain strength from the film’s attention to their issue, and a brief look at some of the therapy sessions that have helped these individuals reclaim some inner peace.
If you wish to learn more about this issue or how you might be able to help, please visit the film’s website at notinvisible.org and sign a petition demanding changes to protect our servicemen and women. I would also encourage everyone with access to Netflix to view the film on Instant Watch as issues of fundamental trust with the protectors of any society impacts every one of its members.
[notification type=”star”]89/100 ~ GREAT. The Invisible War illustrates the power and importance of the documentary film as a tool for identifying and engaging with critical social issues. It is a rare breed of documentary that manages to illuminate an “invisible” issue to the masses while providing pragmatic actionable solutions to the problems presented.[/notification] | <urn:uuid:43b895aa-bdd5-4cf5-8b83-40370bbac7a5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nextprojection.com/2012/11/21/dvd-review-the-invisible-war-2012/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.948242 | 1,104 | 1.734375 | 2 |
To the long line of legendary heroes of Israel, the Second World War has added the gallant band of young men and women known as the parachutists from Palestine. One of them has been called a “Jewish Joan of Arc”—Hanna Szenes, who was shot by a Nazi firing squad in Budapest in 1944. Last fall when I was in Palestine her picture—that of a smiling young girl in an officer’s uniform—was displayed everywhere. Her diary was just being published; and a poem she had written shortly before her death was constantly being recited and sung.
The poem consists of four lines which, translated literally from the Hebrew, read:
Blessed is the match that is consumed
in kindling flame;
Blessed is the flame that burns in the
secret fastness of the heart;
Blessed is the heart with strength to
stop its beating for honor’s sake;
Blessed is the match that is consumed
in kindling flame!
Hanna was one of the thirty-two parachutists from Palestine who dropped from British planes into Yugoslavia, Rumania, Slovakia and northern Italy to carry on secret military activities and—if possible—to help Jews escape from Europe. Each of them has a story of courage, suffering and accomplishment. The special aureole around Hanna Szenes is due not solely to her sex and tragic death but perhaps equally to her moving and articulate diary—already a classic of modern Palestine.
Unlike Joan of Arc she did not conquer the enemy, nor did she succeed in saving her people. Even if she had been Joan’s equal in vision and power, she could not have become a 20th-century equivalent of the Maid. For she was the heroine of a people without armies to be led and without a land in which to lead them. But the very enormity of the obstacles she-and her parachutist comrades—faced, the hopelessness of the odds, give grandeur to achievements which were modest reckoned in military or global terms.
Hanna, born in Budapest on July 21, 1921, was the daughter of a wealthy and distinguished Hungarian Jewish family. Her father was a writer of reputation, her mother a woman of culture and grace. She herself was a precocious girl with marked literary gifts who had a brilliant school career in Budapest. Hers was an assimilated family and perhaps, if not for Hitler, Hanna would have become a minor Hungarian poet instead of a major Jewish heroine. However, once the Jewish issue had been posed by Nazi ferocity, Hanna, though living in the comfort and apparent safety of a well-to-do Hungarian home, refused to evade it. She decided to go to Palestine.
Her father had died, and Hanna, who was always passionately attached to her widowed mother and brother, knew what suffering she was inflicting on her family. She described her mother as “a great heroine,” and said, “This is a great sacrifice for her”—but she was driven by a cause she held holy.
In 1939, shortly after her eighteenth birthday, she was already in the agricultural school of Nahalal in Palestine, training herself for a life on the soil. It was a very different world from that of Budapest. More than one enthusiast who came to Palestine full of a poetic fervor for “pioneering” found his resolution unequal to the severity of the test—to the actual business of draining swamps and “making the desert bloom.” Hanna was conscious of the talents and potentialities she was denying. A play she wrote shortly after her arrival in Palestine reflects her conflict. But she believed the individual must subordinate himself to the general good. “I have chosen to work on the soil. I want to be a part of the working class in Palestine. This is not theoretical, because it permeates all my actions.”
She visits Kfar Gileadi, in northern Galilee, where the Jewish hero Trumpeldor and those who fell with him in defense of the settlement lie buried. The wild beauty of the Galilean hills and the memories associated with this place stir the young girl deeply. She observes in her diary: “In the freshness of the dawn, I understand why Moses received God’s command in the morning. In the mountains, the question arises of itself: ‘Whom shall I send?’”
And she answers the question: “Whom shall I send? Send me to serve the good and the beautiful.” And though she adds, as any young girl might, “Will I be able?” the fundamental assurance that she must be sent, although she is as yet uncertain as to what form this sending must take, is hers already.
She is a good worker in the school and later in the cooperative settlement of Caesarea which she joins. She can scrub clothes and clean the chicken coops with the best of them. But despite her competence, her cheerful and hardheaded manner, she is obsessed—and her diary gives evidence of it-by the need to aid her martyred brothers. She keeps describing the “absurd dreams” she has of somehow reaching Hungary in the midst of the war.
Suddenly the absurdity becomes real. She is approached by the organizers of the parachutists’ group and is accepted for training in Cairo. She will reach the Jews of Hungary, descending from the skies in a parachutist’s uniform. Best of all, she will try to rescue her widowed mother who remained behind in Budapest.
So Hanna Szenes became part of that daring group whose activities were until recently a closely guarded military secret. The history of the parachutists began in August 1942 when a group of women who had been exchanged for German war prisoners arrived in Palestine. They were the first to bring word from behind the iron walls that enclosed Europe of the slaughter houses established by the Germans in Poland and occupied Russia. Plans for bringing help began to take shape wherever there were free Jewish communities. Most of these plans resolved themselves into protest meetings “to arouse the conscience of the world.”
But the 600,000 Jews of the Yishuv (the Jewish community of Palestine) determined that whatever the obstacles, the perishing Jews of Europe had to be reached. This effort which assumed many forms reached perhaps its most spectacular climax in the venture of the parachutists.
Jewish organizations had established rescue centers wherever possible in unoccupied Europe and the Balkans. As the German armies advanced it became clear that efforts to penetrate Nazi Europe from without had to be supplemented by a bold attempt to land within the fortress itself. This could only be done from the air. Parachutists could be dropped into enemy territory. If they landed successfully they could establish contact with the local underground movements and devise methods of organizing resistance and rescue.
The conception was brilliant and daring. However, it obviously could not be carried out by the Jews of Palestine alone. Whatever was done had to be undertaken with the approval and cooperation of the British military authorities. The attempt to persuade the British of the feasibilty of such a plan began early in 1943.
The British had to be convinced that the general war effort would be aided by the venture. Fortunately there were sound reasons for using Palestinians as parachutists. Many of the young men and women of Palestine had originally come from the Balkans. They knew the Rumanian, Bulgarian, Hungarian and Croatian languages thoroughly; they were familiar with the territory and local conditions. They were obviously ideal for securing information, for establishing contacts with underground movements and partisans and for assisting the escape of prisoners of war. At the same time the Palestinians made no secret of the fact that in the course of their activities they would seek to rescue the Jews of Europe wherever and however possible.
The British intelligence, through whom such a proposal had to be negotiated, at first hesitated to use the Palestinians. Throughout the negotiations snags would arise, not military, but political in character. The British military authorities were much more kindly disposed toward this plan than the statesmen in London. However, official reluctance was finally overcome by compelling military considerations. In 1943 the oil fields of Ploesti in Rumania were bombarded by the Allies. An extremely large number of American aviators were downed. Apparently there had been a breakdown in the intelligence service which should have given adequate warning of the defenses at Ploesti.
It was decided at last to use the Palestinian volunteers. They would be given training as parachutists and dropped in the Balkans as developments would require. The first group began training in the beginning of 1943. From the outset it was established that the chief objective of the parachutists was to carry out the military tasks to which they had been assigned. Only after their purely military missions had been accomplished, or in so far as it might further these missions, were they free to act in behalf of the salvation of European Jewry. This was a strict agreement strictly honored by those who entered the group. On this understanding the Hagana (Jewish Defense Organization of Palestine) furnished volunteers.
The volunteers were all members of agricultural settlements; their life in Palestine had been that of pioneers. By temperament and training they were young people accustomed to putting ideals into practice.
Two hundred and forty parachutists were I trained. Thirty-two reached their destinations, of whom eight were put to death. The numbers are not large, but when one remembers that the entire British Empire at no time had more than about 250 parachutists working behind enemy lines, the thirty-two parachutists from Palestine do not appear so few.
Among those who returned with their missions accomplished were two of Hanna’s comrades—Joel and Reuben Dafni-from whom we know the story of Hanna’s end. The picture is rounded out by her diary.
Soon after she was asked to join the parachutists Hanna wrote: “I feel a fatality in this, just as in the time before I went to Palestine. Then too I was not my own master. I was caught by an idea that did not let me rest. I knew that I would enter Palestine, no matter what difficulties were in my way. Now I again feel this tension toward an important and necessary task—as well as the inevitability of the task. Possibly nothing will come of all this. I may receive a brief notice telling me the plan has been abandoned, or that I will not be accepted. But I think that I have the maximal capacities for this task-and I shall fight with all my strength for it.”
Before Hanna could go she had to receive the consent of her settlement. A member of a collective settlement is not an independent agent; the needs of the group as a whole are paramount. The first question to be decided is whether the farm can afford to dispense with the services of the particular member. At a meeting of the commune Hanna explained as much of the project as she could and asked for the right to leave. She had little difficulty in arousing the enthusiasm and faith of her fellows.
During the training period as a parachutist she showed herself completely fearless. The great physical courage of this sensitive and imaginative girl impressed everyone. That she should prove to have the kind of instinctive bravery which one associates with simpler human types and rarely finds in women was something for which even her friends had not been prepared.
When the arduous days of training were over the action to come was outlined. The plan of Hanna’s group was necessarily broad and flexible. The parachutists, four men and one woman, were to be dropped in Yugoslavia—in territory controlled by Tito’s partisans. From there assignments were divided. Some were to remain in Yugoslavia but Hanna was to try to cross into Hungary. The parachutists, particularly Hanna, had been eager to be dropped directly into Hungary but the military authorities refused on the ground that this would be too risky.
The group left Cairo for Italy. The jump into Yugoslavia was to be made from Brindisi. The crew of the plane were Poles who were amazed to learn that the parachutists were Hebrew-speaking Palestinians with a girl among them. This was a new type of Jew indeed!
On March 3, 1944 at 1 A.M. on a beautiful moonlit night the jump was made. The parachutists wore British uniforms and if captured were to represent themselves as Palestinian members of the British air force who had met with an accident over enemy territory. If captured they were to make every effort to establish their right to be treated as prisoners-of-war. Otherwise they would be shot as spies. Some of Tito’s partisans had been contacted previously and had been informed of the plans. Now the problem was whether the parachutists would succeed in landing in the designated territory.
The pilot misjudged the distance and dropped them eight miles from the correct spot. The four men found each other immediately after they came down. But Hanna, who was lighter and weaker, could not fight against a wind that was carrying her away and drifted off in a different direction. The men could not find Hanna for some time. In the meantime two figures approached who challenged them in Slovenian. Reuben answered in English, not knowing whether they were partisans or quislings. Then in the clear moonlight he saw the red star on his questioners’ caps. They were Tito’s men.
The signal that friends had come was given to other partisans in the hills. They came down and welcomed the Palestinians with their greeting: “Death to fascism; freedom to the people.”
Together they started to search for Hanna. After about an hour she was found. The partisans were extremely cordial, though they were Slovenians, among whom anti-Semitic feeling was rife. At a banquet which they gave the parachutists later, one of the welcomers declared that they were glad to have in their midst representatives of a people who had suffered from fascism even more than the Slovenians. To the partisans everything about the parachutists were remarkable: they were Jews; they were Palestinians; and they were members of a collective settlement. Tito’s men listened with respectful interest to the descriptions of the Jewish kolkhoz. The presence of a pretty young girl among the parachutists was, as might be expected, an additional source for marvel.
Military headquarters in the woods were contacted, as well as the British and American missions with Tito. The work was in the process of organization when a catastrophic turn in events compelled a complete revision of the plans. On March 18 Germany invaded Hungary. According to the original plan Hanna was to have entered Hungary as a Jewish refugee. Now this scheme was no longer feasible. Another method of smuggling across the border had to be found.
Reuben Dafni began to work on his special military mission, which was to assist in the escape of American prisoners and stranded airmen. Great American air attacks were being carried out over Hungary and Ploesti at the time—and many American aviators were being downed. It was essential to aid the fallen fliers to reach partisan territory from which they could be passed along further to the Adriatic coast. Reuben plotted maps which indicated exactly where liberated territory was to be found and what sections were in no man’s land. These maps, supplemented by radio information, served as guides. Leaflets were composed asking the cooperation of civilians; searching parties for stranded aviators were organized. Many an American aviator is now living safely at home because the Palestinian parachutists successfully completed their missions. (The Nazis, the British and Tito all showed their appreciation of Reuben’s work. The Germans set a price of 10,000 marks on his head. The British and Tito each decorated him for exceptional gallantry.)
With the arrival of the second group of Palestinian parachutists from Cairo it was decided that Reuben should remain in Yugoslavia to continue his work. Hanna, together with Joel, a member of the new contingent, was to attempt to cross into Hungary—now completely Nazi-occupied. To increase the chances of success the attempt was to be made at two different places, Hanna traveling with one group, Joel with another.
Hanna arranged with Reuben that within three weeks after her departure she would send a message. If no message arrived the assumption would be that she had been captured. A boat containing two partisans would wait near one of the islands in Drava for a messenger who was to return together with a group of prisoners and refugees. The messenger from Hungary would say “List” (leaf) and the partisan in the boat would reply “Shuma” (forest) to indicate her safe arrival.
In her pocket Hanna carried the papers of a Jewish Hungarian girl who had married a Christian Yugoslav, a partisan—certificates of birth, baptism and citizenship, together with a photograph which resembled Hanna. She had a signal code which she had received in Bari and another with which to contact Reuben. She had been supplied with the addresses of two trustworthy proallies in Budapest. She left Reuben confidently, with the assurance that her great work was to begin.
Reuben kept watch at the designated spot for six weeks, returning periodically for news. No word came.
Hanna was betrayed by local peasants and arrested as she tried to cross the border. Joel and his fellow-parachutist, Perez, a boy of nineteen, reached Budapest but were arrested a few days later. They were all put in the same prison.
Joel and Hanna learned of each other’s presence in the prison but a face-to-face meeting could not be managed. They did, however, contrive other methods of communication since their cells, two floors apart, both faced the courtyard. In the morning when the sun was on his side Joel would flash Morse code signals with a mirror; she would answer in the afternoon when she had sunlight. With her usual ingenuity Hanna devised ways of keeping in touch with her fellow-prisoners. She would cut large letters out of paper and place them one after another in her window until a word had been spelled out. At first her mood was good and she was confident that eventually she would be freed.
Finally, after two months and by means of bribery, Joel and Hanna managed to meet. Hanna gave Joel no details of the torture to which she had been put by the Gestapo and the Hungarian police, but he knew of what had taken place from the reports of other prisoners. But on the whole Hanna looked well, though she had been subjected to severe and lengthy questionings.
The Hungarian police had found her radio code and her radio apparatus. When they failed to break her down into revealing the code and its purpose they hit upon something they thought would be even more persuasive. They located her mother—the beloved mother, whom Hanna had dreamed of saving-and brought her face to face with Hanna.
Those who have read Hanna’s diary and poems know how deep was her attachment to her mother and how bitter her self-reproaches about what she conceived to be her “unfilial” conduct. The five years in Palestine were lived under the cloud of this separation and of the sense of guilt from which she suffered—particularly because the mother had been unfailingly tender, understanding and sympathetic.
When at last they met, it was in a Hungarian prison under the eyes of police who threatened that the mother would be killed unless Hanna revealed the nature of her mission. But Hanna did not tell.
A year after her daughter’s death the mother described the fatal prison interview to me in Palestine. Before she was taken to Hanna, the police official tried to discover whether Mrs. Szenes had had any inkling of her daughter’s activities. He kept asking: “Where is your daughter now?” and she kept answering, “In Palestine.” Finally he said to her: “She is in the next room. Persuade her to speak, otherwise this will be your last meeting.”
Hanna was brought in. She ran up to her mother, embraced her and began to weep, crying: “Mother, forgive me.”
She was not in uniform. Her clothes were disordered, her hair disheveled. She had a bruise under one eye and one of her teeth was broken. Even as the mother spoke to me, a year after the girl’s death, I could see that she was still troubled by the bruise and the broken tooth.
Mother and daughter were left alone for a few minutes. Stunned and bewildered, the mother kept asking “Why are you not in Palestine? Why are you here?” to which Hanna did not answer. And she also kept asking “Are you hurt?” to which Hanna said “No.”
For a while, mother and daughter were in the same prison. There were occasions when they had brief, stolen meetings, sometimes while at exercise in the courtyard, sometimes through the connivance of a sympathetic attendant. And each time the mother would ask, “What have you undertaken?” But on this point Hanna was silent. Finally the mother asked: “Was it something of Jewish interest?” and Hanna said, “You are on the right track.” And when the mother questioned: “Is it worth while to risk your life for such an idealistic impulse?” Hanna answered simply: “For me it is worth while.”
In October Hungary capitulated and the political prisoners were jubilant. Each had a dream to fulfil. The Palestinians talked of meeting Hanna, going to a hotel for a big dinner and a hot bath-all the things they had not had in the months of imprisonment. But the fascist coup followed fast on the surrender and the brief interlude of hope was over.
Within a few days the men were brought before a court-martial; Hanna was to be tried in a regular court. This encouraged Joel and Perez to believe that while they were certain to be shot, Hanna would survive to tell the story of their work to the world.
Hanna was the first to be tried; accounts of the trial come from eyewitnesses and Joel’s informants in the prison. She was brave and made the kind of responses to her judges that might have been expected of her. The prosecutor demanded the death penalty. Perhaps the judges were impressed by the girl’s valor, and touched by her youth and charm—in any case they did not pass sentence at once. Hanna was remanded to her cell. An officer came to her on November 6, 1944 and told her she had been condemned to death. Did she wish to plead for mercy? Hanna answered that she had been condemned by a lower court and demanded the right to appeal to a higher court. Again she was asked whether she wanted mercy. She answered: “I ask for no mercy from hangmen.”
In her last hours she was permitted to write letters to her mother and her comrades. The letters were never received.
November 7 was a cold, foggy autumn day. Hanna was brought into the courtyard. Witnesses say she refused to have her eyes bound, but stood straight and unmoving as the order to fire was given. Joel heard the shots in his cell. As a rule the prisoners could tell when an execution was taking place. They were familiar with the sequence: the tramp of the firing squad, the beating of the drums, the shots. This time only rifle shots were heard. They could see nothing. But through one of the prisoners who reported sick and talked with the doctors and attendants, they learned the news. Their hopes had been vain—Hanna had been executed.
When the mother told me of her daughter’s death before a firing-squad, she said, “She was so young, so gifted, and so young!” And I knew that Hanna’s glory in Palestine, the freshly published volume of her poems, the memorial meetings in her honor, were small comfort. The grave in the “Lot of the Martyrs” in the Jewish cemetery of Budapest where Hanna lay buried had more reality.
As for Hanna’s prison comrades, Joel survived, escaping from a moving train on the way to Germany, but Perez was executed in Germany. Joel managed to get back to Budapest where, following the October fascist coup, wholesale massacres of Jews were taking place. Allied prisoners of war were also in acute danger. Joel contacted the underground movement, helped organize resistance to the fascists and aided in the rescue of Jews and the concealment of prisoners until the Red Army entered Budapest.
Reuben in Yugoslavia working with the partisans, Joel and Hanna in Hungary—these are only a few of the names of those who went and did what they could to fight the Nazis and to rescue the Jews of Europe. Another was Avi, one of the parachutists from Palestine who entered Rumania. Avi is a shepherd. A mild, blue-eyed chap who originally came from Rumania, he had spent his years in Palestine in an agricultural settlement where he had tended sheep.
He had started training as a parachutist with considerable misgivings. The leisurely pace of tending sheep was hardly preparation for the task before him. Unlike Reuben and Joel who had been soldiers he had no natural aptitude for his new venture. His wife, his child, his sheep, had filled his life. But the cry of the Jews of Europe reached him in the fields of the Emek; many shepherds were needed for the flock beset by wild beasts. Avi told me that he found strength in remembering the favorite characters of Jewish folklore—simple men who performed miracles for the nation—shoemakers or tailors who became capable of fantastic feats in a moment of exaltation. “You see,” he said to me, “it is not the wonder-rabbis who become our saviors. In the legends, it is the plain, humble man. The shoemaker who is able to kvitza hederech (leap over the road), he is the original parachutist!”
In the fall of 1943 after a brief training period Avi and Aryee, another Palestinian, were dropped in Rumania. Owing to bad visibility they were dropped not on the designated point but amidst anti-aircraft fire in a small Rumanian town. Aryee fell in the courtyard of a police station where he was promptly seized; he was later sent to Germany. Avi landed on a roof-top, breaking his leg in the fall. He too was arrested in the morning.
This seemed like a hopeless end to the mission. What could be accomplished by a prisoner of war lying with his leg in a cast in a Rumanian prison hospital? The first problem naturally was to prevent the Rumanians from discovering his identity or the nature of his mission. Since he was captured in uniform—that of a British lieutenant—Avi was in a position to insist on his rights as a prisoner of war. He claimed that he and his companion had been obliged to bail out because of engine trouble. As a Palestinian he could be a British airman without knowing English. However the Rumanians were suspicious. They accused him at once of being a native Rumanian who had been deliberately dropped for some secret allied task. Avi’s great concern was to keep them from discovering that he knew Rumanian.
He spoke only German to his interrogators and the Rumanians kept trying to trap him by wearing him down physically and nervously. His leg was in a bad state—infected and badly fractured—and he was in great pain. His captors deliberately neglected him, ignoring his simplest requests, on the theory that in a moment of distress and impatience he would betray his knowledge of Rumanian. When the cast on his leg bothered him especially the nurse would manipulate the leg in some particularly painful manner and ask in Rumanian, “Does this hurt?”
Though he was bedridden, Avi managed to establish contact with the Jewish underground in Bucharest and so carry out part of his mission. After tactful probing he established friendly relations with a soldier and a nurse, both of whom began to assist him. By means of these go-betweens whose cooperation was absolutely trustworthy a regular correspondence developed between Avi and centers in Bucharest, Constantinople and Cairo.
Once Avi knew that his contacts with the outside world had been established, he began to think in terms of carrying out a principal point in his program—to help in the escape of American and British prisoners of war. He made his presence and purpose known to an American major in the prison, and began to work out plans for escape.
The stories of the tunnels dug, the flights at night, can be duplicated by any account of a prisoner-of-war camp. What is significant, however, is how Avi from his sick, bed managed to spin the thread which made the schemes practicable. For instance, in order to escape, the prisoners had to be provided with maps of the surrounding country, with money, with flashlights. A wirecutter to cut the wires around the camp was an essential. Once he had made his contacts with the Jewish underground Avi secured these things. The chain went from Avi to a doctor who came daily to the hospital, to a center of comrades in Bucharest and from there radiated out to Istanbul and Cairo. It became possible to make requests known to British and American headquarters and when these requests were fulfilled, to bring the needed items to the prison camp. All this involved daily danger, but the Rumanians never discovered that Avi was the central figure in many of the escapes.
When the Rumanian armistice took place in August 1944 there were 1,000 American aviators in Bucharest. In the chaotic period before new authorities took over it was essential that these aviators be concealed and enabled to escape, as it was feared that the Germans might march in at any time. The Germans immediately began an intensive bombardment of Bucharest which lasted for several days. During this period, under the direction of Avi and with the help of the Jewish underground the aviators were provided with civilian clothes, places for hiding, money and medication. During the bombardment, the only functioning taxi employed to bring the imprisoned aviators out of the prison camps was that of the Jewish underground. Radio communication was established with Cairo. Thanks to all these measures the aviators were kept safe till the Americans could take them out of Rumania. It is therefore no exaggeration to say that due to the immediate assistance given by the facilities of the Jewish underground many American airmen are today free and alive who might otherwise have been lost. Thus Avi completed his mission despite the initial bad luck of his accident.
In each country into which they penetrated, the parachutists succeeded in completing at least part of what they set out to do. In Rumania, through their knowledge of the country and their contacts with the Jewish underground, they were able to prepare stores of maps, compasses and other essential equipment, to secure living quarters inside Bucharest where fleeing prisoners of war could be hidden and finally to help American and British prisoners to escape. When Bucharest was in danger of being recaptured by the Germans they helped to organize resistance in the Jewish quarter. These groups formed part of the general resistance movement of the workers of Bucharest who rose to defend their city against the Nazis till the Red Army entered.
In Yugoslavia they worked as liaison officers with the partisans and tried to maintain the links with Hungary and Rumania. One member of a group dropped in Yugoslavia reached Austria, the first allied airman to do so.
Slovakia also had its Palestinian parachutists. In September 1944, during the Slovak partisan uprising, a mission of five left Italy by plane for Yugoslavia. One of these was Haviva, a young woman who, like Hanna Szenes, lost her life in the course of the mission. They set up a wireless station and established contact with the Jewish underground in German-occupied Slovakia. They assisted hundreds of refugees liberated from forced labor camps. With the help of local Jewish resistance groups they formed a Jewish partisan unit which went into the mountains two days before the town in which they operated was recaptured by Germans. Three of the five, including Haviva, were killed in a German raid on their camp.
In May 1944 Enzo Sereni was parachuted into northern Italy, in the area still occupied by the Germans. His task too was to organize the escape of allied war prisoners and to aid in Italian resistance. A son of the personal physician of the King of Italy, a scholar and adventurer with a touch of the Italian condottiere, a Zionist who became a halutz long before Hitler’s advent, Enzo Sereni is as much a legend in Palestine as Hanna Szenes. The other parachutists idolized him as teacher and leader. It was Enzo who with characteristic confidence assured his young comrades when they parted in Bari: “Remember, only he dies who wants to die.” He was captured and executed in Dachau at the age of 39.
For the Jews of Europe, the parachutists’ appearance was the sign that the tomb in which they were perishing was not sealed. Every Jewish community heard of the parachutists. In Yugoslavia Jewish partisans marched for miles to see Reuben. The story of Avi spread throughout Rumania. Of course all kinds of fairy-tales sprang up around these men and women. Their numbers grew in the popular mind; the nature of their deeds assumed a more spectacular character. This idealization was inevitable. The combination of desperate need and poetic answer was bound to create the myth.
As every rational expectation of help proved illusory, as no great power intervened, no outraged Christian world took action, hope began to center on the “homeland”—the only place which offered welcome—if it could be reached. When the miracle took place and the “homeland” sent its sons and daughters into the abyss, it is understandable what emotions were aroused.
For many, the parachutists from Palestine were an affirmation of faith. They flashed across the murk of Nazi Europe and brought light even when they could not bring life.
“Blessed is the match that is consumed in kindling flame.” | <urn:uuid:e3553682-9cd5-4adc-aa9d-5baf4795ca75> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.commentary.org/articles/marie-syrkin-2/the-parachutists-from-palestine/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.988534 | 7,197 | 2.765625 | 3 |
I will assume that the boxes are distinguishable.
How many ways can we put different objects into 4 boxes
such that at least two boxes remain empty?
There are only two cases:
. . (1) There are two empty boxes.
. . (2) There are three empty boxes.
Case (1): Two empty boxes
There are: . choices for the 2 empty boxes.
The objects are partitioned between the other two boxes.
. . There are: . ways.
Hence, there are: . ways to have two empty boxes.
Case (2): Three empty boxes
There are: . choices for the three empty boxes.
The objects are placed in the remaining box.
. . There is: . way.
Hence, there are: . ways to have three empty boxes.
Therefore, there are: . ways to have at least two empty boxes.
This is the number of ways to have 3 empty boxes.
For the case of 2 empty boxes, there are ways to choose 2 of them, if they are different.
Taking one pair of 2 boxes...
the objects can be placed as follows
1 object in one box and 20 in the other
There are ways to do this as the 'z" objects are different.
2 objects in one box and 19 in the other
There are ways to choose 2 objects,
so that's the number of ways to place 2 in one and 19 in the other.
Continue on for 3 in one and 18 in the other, 4 in one and 17 in the other etc
and sum all the results. Multiply that sum by 6.
Add the number of ways to have 2 and 3 empty boxes.
However, there is likely to be a faster calculation.
There are to choose two empty boxes.
There are ways to assign the z objects to the two other boxes so neither is empty.
There are to choose three empty boxes.
There is only one way to put the objects into the remaining box.
To have either exactly two or exactly three empty boxes: | <urn:uuid:4574c278-6f25-41db-9fbd-b487bf15bb34> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://mathhelpforum.com/discrete-math/134855-sorting-restrictions.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719677.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00561-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917573 | 434 | 3.390625 | 3 |
The grapes of Prosecco
Presecco is a sparkling white wine out of Italy. It typically comes in either a dry or extra dry variation and is produced from the Glera grape (which is also known as Prosecco).
A certified origin of production
This white wine is produced only on the hills of Conegliano in the Treviso administration (Veneto), but the name of this wine came from a village of the near region of Friuli Venezia Giulia.
The wine of Italian aperitifs
The Prosecco wine is often used as aperitif and for the famous Bellini cocktails, invented at the famous Harry's Bar of Venice. It also combines greatly with appetizers, firs courses and some fish dishes.
Sartori, noble wines devoted to Verona
The fascination with a history, the tight bond with a region, the power of a personality embodied in elegant wines that narrate the most intense of love stories: that of Sartori for Verona. | <urn:uuid:87b813f8-88c4-41a4-b49a-4c1217542a29> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.sartorinet.com/eng/prosecco-production.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00327-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959773 | 218 | 1.648438 | 2 |
While some view the high-brow/low-brow classification in literature as a false distinction, a new study published in the journal Science suggests otherwise. There is a measurable difference in terms of the cognitive effects of reading an excerpt from Chekhov as opposed to an excerpt from a Danielle Steel novel.
While a writer like Chekhov makes us contemplative and skeptical, a mainstream work of fiction does little to enhance our theory of mind skills, such as our ability to understand complex characters.
While it is certainly impressive that the researchers - David Comer Kidd and Emanuele Castano - were able to design a series of tests to measure these outcomes, what is less clear is what exactly qualifies as high and what constitutes low.
After all, one could argue that Shakespeare, Dickens and Balzac, to name a few, were the Danielle Steels of their day.
On the other hand, some writers simply have the ability to transcend their cultures in a way that seems impossible to measure, and yet is supported by powerful anecdotal evidence.
For instance, one is reminded of the classic New Yorker cartoon in which three men from different professions are asked to list their influences. "Hemingway, Eudora Welty and, of course, Chekhov,'' says an author. An auto mechanic agrees. "There was a teacher in high school, and the owner of the first garage I worked in. Then, of course, Chekhov." And also the baseball player: "DiMaggio and Mays. And, of course, there's Chekhov.'' | <urn:uuid:4b4c73ca-bd51-4a44-a242-c6c3b3105e1d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://bigthink.com/think-tank/study-reveals-chekhov-does-make-you-smarter-than-danielle-steel | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00299-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973423 | 322 | 2.8125 | 3 |
With its weekly yoga class right on campus, in fact right in Munro Parlor, named after the first dean of the college, Eastern Nazarene College continues to commit serious error in identifying itself as a “Christian” school. I have written much in the past about my alma mater and its embrace of false teachers, its support of professors who promote evolution and open theism, its compromise with homosexual activism, and its ecumenicalism. The school is yet again reaching out into the world and bringing in not only what is a worldly practice, but a practice that teaches pagan spirituality, delves into dangerous use of mysticism, and leaves a Christian open to spiritual deception. Instead of following the biblical command to “be not conformed to the world”, the school continues to reject almost every sound biblical principle taught in Scripture.
The poster advertising the class shows the silhouette of a young female in the familiar Lotus pose used by those who practice Eastern meditation. It is a very common pose, and it also has a spiritual meaning, as does all other yoga poses. It is a frequently used pose for meditation and prayanama (breathing exercises). Breath is believed to be the purifying power in our bodies, and the objective of deep, slow breathing is meant to purify and energize our bodies, according to yoga tradition. But contrary to the arguments of many who have “Christianized” yoga, you cannot separate the physical from the spiritual aspects of this practice. It is pagan eastern mysticism, and its goal is not simply physical exercise, but to bring the yoga practitioner to the point of a deep spiritual experience and connection. But that kind of connection is not with the God of the Bible. (See Yoga Uncoiled by Caryl Matrisciana https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TWI1ieDz_B4)
The word yoga means “union.” The goal is eventually to unite yourself with the infinite Brahman, which is the Hindu concept of God. That concept is expressed as the belief in “pantheism”, that everything is God. Because everything is God, therefore there is no difference between man and God. The origins of yoga are clearly anti-Christian, and its emphasis is on teaching a person to focus on one’s self rather than focusing on God.
So one of the goals of yoga is to teach you spirituality, or help you find your spirituality. It teaches that there is a divine light within each of us. All of the yoga postures represent a specific spiritual meaning, and although I will not go into details of these postures, you can research for yourself and find out that yoga is far more than physical exercise, and why it is to be avoided by all Christians.
Several years ago my wife and I met with the president of ENC, Dr. Corlis McGee, as well as the school chaplain and the provost. Although we had a cordial conversation with them, we were miles apart in our beliefs. It is certainly no surprise to me that yoga is now allowed on the campus. We had gone there to voice our objections to the scheduling of Tony Campolo to speak to the students at chapel services. Dr. Campolo is an advocate of contemplative mysticism, and he confirmed our concerns when he spoke the next month, unashamedly promoting mantra prayers (centering prayer) and occultic Celtic spirituality. As I looked around and noticed several pastors in attendance, I wondered whether any of them had any idea of the harm this man was potentially causing to students listening to him.
Lack of discernment in the Christian colleges today is no longer a rare thing, but a common occurrence. There is not one Nazarene Christian college, and very few other Christian colleges, that has not been affected in one way or another by these false teachings and the ecumenical philosophy that is plaguing these schools. It would be much better for a Christian student to attend a secular college, than to attend and support a Christian school today in name only.
While proclaiming faithfulness to the truth of Scripture, schools such as Eastern Nazarene College have become nothing but havens for compromise. ENC proudly proclaims the statement, attributed to Bertha Munro herself, that “There is no conflict between the best in education and the best in our Christian faith.” And in doing so, they have no problem allowing evolutionists to confuse the minds of their students, and allowing other doctrines of demons to be taught to the students. Instead of strengthening the students’ faith with the truth of Scripture, they promote the liberal mentality of “let them come to their own conclusions” by exposing them to all sorts of false teaching.
We are told by Paul in Romans 12:2 “Do not conform to the pattern of this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind. Then you will be able to test and approve what God’s will is–his good, pleasing and perfect will.” Yoga is a worldly practice that does not reflect the mind of God. Practicing Eastern pagan meditation is not part of God’s “perfect will.” The practicing of yoga will leave the Christian wide open to deception from satan. (Be sober-minded; be watchful. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour. 1 Peter 5:8) Instead, all that we do, we should do for the glory of God (1 Cor. 10:31).
In a post from last October on his blog, Pastor Douglas Graham of Cedarville Church of the Nazarene states:
“Yoga is based on idolatry and worldly thinking. It often involves a Hindu chant and emptying the mind. As Christians we are to fill our mind with the Word of God.”
“As a Christian I’d rather not join with a false god (Brahma) or ideas steeped in idolatry in order to be whole. Even Hindus know that yoga is not a practice of Christianity. I’d rather place my faith in the Gospel of Christ than to put my body in weird positions. I’m not saying someone isn’t a Christian if they do yoga. I’m using Biblical discernment and I hope Christians would do the same.”
If yoga is truly okay for Christians, then why not also use Ouija boards, Tarot cards, Astrology signs and symbols? Like yoga, they all have a philosophy and idea behind them that makes it a problem for Christians to justify. Yet somehow yoga has passed the smell test at many “Christian” colleges and churches, and is now practiced by many undiscerning Christians, encouraged by pastors and other leaders who are also blind to the truth.
But such is the sad state of the “Christian” college today. Many Nazarenes, including myself, do not recommend that parents send their children to any Nazarene college at the moment, including attending the seminary, which also promotes contemplative spirituality and occultic Celtic “Christianity.” I sent an email to President McGee on March 27, asking her to explain why this is being allowed, and if the school is approving of this practice. I have not yet received a response.
I urge anyone who is concerned about this to write to Dr. McGee as well. Her email address is firstname.lastname@example.org
For further information and research:
Yoga Uncoiled by Caryl Matrisciana https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TWI1ieDz_B4) | <urn:uuid:991e9705-1f4d-4f19-a0a2-a9f5aa7abca7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://reformednazarene.wordpress.com/category/nazarene/eastern-nazarene-college/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00343-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964796 | 1,593 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Can I Trademark That?
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The USPTO defines a trademark as a word, phrase, symbol, or design, or combination thereof, that identifies and distinguished the source of the goods of one party from those of others. A company’s logo, for instance, can be trademarked and no other company can use that logo to sell their goods or services. Also, a company can trademark a slogan, and no other company can use that slogan in conjunction with their goods and services.
Trademarks, Copyrights, and Patents
A trademark is different from a copyright or a patent. Copyrights protect original artistic and literary works. Patents protect inventions. Trademarks and copyrights are not required to be registered for protection, whereas patents must be registered. Although there are common law trademark protections, the best way to protect a mark is by getting it registered federally.
What can be trademarked?
A slogan or logo can be registered if (1) there is no likelihood of confusion and (2) it is distinctive.
Likelihood of Confusion
If your proposed trademark looks or sounds similar to another company’s trademark, it is likely to cause confusion. However, if your goods or services are in a completely different field than the other company’s goods and services, you might still be able to register your trademark. Even the same mark.
Trademarks are either fanciful, arbitrary, suggestive, descriptive, or generic. Fanciful marks are usually made up terms that have no meaning outside the use for your company. Arbitrary marks use a word or image that has nothing to do with the product. Suggestive marks suggest what the goods or services might be, but do not describe them. Descriptive marks do indeed describe the goods and Generic marks are the common every day word for the product. Descriptive and Generic marks generally cannot be protected.
Example: Q-Tip® is a fanciful mark whereas “cotton swab” is the generic term used. The owner of the trademark Q-Tip® goes through great lengths to protect their trademark from becoming generic.
For more information on getting your trademark registered
call us at (833) TAFT-LAW.
*This article was originally published in the June 2018 Issue of Word On The Street
"The right to adopt and use a symbol or a device to distinguish the goods or property made or sold by the person whose mark it is, to the exclusion of use by all other persons, has been long recognized by the common law and the chancery courts of England and of this country and by the statutes of some of the states."
- Justice Samuel F. Miller
Trademark Cases (1879) | <urn:uuid:5cb2430c-584c-4817-a2ef-e132202e65c3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://toplawfirmflorida.com/trademarks.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.923474 | 596 | 2.34375 | 2 |
What comes to mind when I’m asked what I believe death is? Well if I’m being honest, I’ve never actually took the time to elaborate on the meaning of this word so my ideas are not all that certain. However, when I think of death, I see it as a term with many meanings. For instance, death can mean the passing away of a living organism or it can have a different meaning like the death of an idea (a legacy or a belief drifting away) or even something as simple as saying, “My phone died”. The term doesn’t always carry the same meaning. Therefore it can be used in many ways depending upon the circumstance. In addition, this term is something that could be described as “predestined” because, in fact, no one lives forever. So in a way, I see death as the opposing force of life, even though there’s more than likely more meaning to that word.After reading chapter 14 in The Art of Being Human, I confirmed that the meaning or idea behind death can be seen from various perspectives, as I once assumed.
On page 384 in the textbook, the authors explains how the idea of death can be defined in numerous ways. They make different references to death such as “An enemy that is out to get us” or “A natural event, part of the universal cycle.” From what I gathered, the first reference refers to death as something that we as mortals cannot avoid ; the second reference refers to death as a natural occurrence or the nature of life itself. Who’s to say they’re not both relative to one another? It is also stated in the Images of Death article how death is often portrayed by dark figures or ideas such as candlelit tombs or skulls or other dark characters such as the Grim Reaper. So yes, death can normally be seen as wicked or evil but isn’t entirely all that. On page 385, the authors mention how death is often celebrated in a “life-affirming fashion” to honor the memory of those whom have passed away. For example, in Mexico, a tradition known as El Dia de Muertos or in English: The Day of the Dead, is a day when family members, associates and/or relatives come together to decorate the graves of loved ones, which is then followed by a celebration that includes various foods which just happen to portray death, such as cakes or candies in the shape of skeletons.
So overall, this idea has also become a contributing factor to certain traditions that are celebrated in a form of love and harmony. On page 386, the authors also described how the idea of death has influenced many works of visual arts, music, drama and literature. They believe that this subject has helped us value and give meaning to life which is why death is portrayed so often in popular arts. And not only that but us as humans have often wondered what death is like which is why the idea became so popular in horror movies or murder-related films. It’s the sense of wonder that has led humanity to elaborate on the subject more and more frequently.
However, this way of thinking has also led us to the question, what happens after death? Is there an afterlife? This is why many forms of religion have erupted throughout the past centuries. As the authors indicated on page 390 in the article, Belief in the Afterlife, several religions present ideas of the afterlife. Though none are proven to be fact, they are simply ways of helping the human mind gain understanding on how to live life.After watching the documentary “A Certain Kind of Death”, I’ve come to the conclusion that this film describes what happens to a person with no relatives and to his/her belongings once he or she has passed away. For instance, throughout the film there are many cases in which corpses, that were found in crime scenes, appear to be identified by Los Angeles police investigators. These bodies were taken into custody so they can be brought to the medical examiners for further study. Once that process is over and the bodies have been identified, the investigators begin to reach out to people whom may have been associated with the victim in any kind of way. The reason for this is so someone can claim the victim’s body because it is disposed of.
If no one claims the bodies, then they are sent to be cremated and/or buried. Their merchandise or property on the other hand, becomes auctioned. This film helped me understand the victims’ lives, as in what they were like before their time of death and how certain circumstances may have led to that particular point. But most importantly, this video put aside all “beliefs” and presented to me what actually happens to a person once they have left this world entirely. | <urn:uuid:d8c68aa0-d492-4250-ab72-4c6d8f33e7be> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cheapjewelryus.com/what-comes-to-mind-when-im-asked-what-i-believe-death-is/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.975809 | 998 | 2.734375 | 3 |
The Big 12 Conference is a conference of 10 (originally 12) universities which participate in the National Collegiate Athletic Association’s Division I Football Bowl Subdivision football. The conference was formed in 1994 but did not begin conference play until the fall of 1996.
What football teams are in the Big 12 Conference?
- The Big 12 football conference consists of, Oklahoma, Texas, Oklahoma State, Kansas, TCU, Kansas State, West Virginia, Texas Tech, Iowa State and Baylor. That’s right, the “Big 12” is standing at a total of 10 teams.
- 1 What football teams make up the Big 12?
- 2 Why is the Big 12 called the Big 12?
- 3 What is the Big 12 known for?
- 4 What teams are in the Big 12 in 2021?
- 5 Is BYU in the Big 12?
- 6 Will the Big 12 expand?
- 7 What conference is LSU in?
- 8 Who moved to the Big 12?
- 9 What is the difference between the SEC and the Big 12?
- 10 Why did Nebraska leave the Big 12?
- 11 Why did Texas A&M leave the Big 12?
- 12 What time is the Big 12 championship game 2021?
What football teams make up the Big 12?
Big 12 Conference Teams
- Iowa State.
- Kansas State.
- Oklahoma State.
Why is the Big 12 called the Big 12?
On February 25, 1994, it was announced that a new conference would be formed from the members of the Big Eight and four of the Texas member colleges of the Southwest Conference. Though the name would not be made official for several months, newspaper accounts immediately dubbed the new entity the “Big 12”.
What is the Big 12 known for?
The Big 12 Conference, like others involved in the realignment, has kept its name primarily for marketing purposes. The conference has high name recognition and remains one of the Power Five conferences which are considered the primary contenders to produce a College Football Playoff champion team in any given year.
What teams are in the Big 12 in 2021?
The Oklahoma State Cowboys and the Baylor Bears will play in the Big 12 Championship game this Saturday. The Oklahoma State Cowboys and the Baylor Bears will play in the Big 12 Championship game this Saturday. 2
Is BYU in the Big 12?
BYU joins the Big 12 in 2023 as scheduled. BYU pays the WCC buyout and non-football sports start in 2022, football joins in 2023. BYU joins the Big 12 for all sports in 2022.
Will the Big 12 expand?
The ripples of Big 12 expansion began over the summer when Texas and Oklahoma announced a joint move to the SEC, which will be completed by the summer of 2025.
What conference is LSU in?
Those departures left the Big 12 with eight committed schools: Baylor, Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State, Oklahoma State, Texas Christian, Texas Tech and West Virginia.
Who moved to the Big 12?
The Big 12 Conference announced Friday that BYU, Central Florida, Cincinnati and Houston will become members of the conference no later than 2024-25, bringing the league back to 12 teams.
What is the difference between the SEC and the Big 12?
The Big 12 and the SEC are the two most dominating conferences in College Football. The Big 12 is known for its quarterbacks, while the SEC is known for their stingy defense. The Big 12 has three great football teams: Oklahoma, Texas, and Texas Tech. The SEC’s top teams play a variety of offense and defense.
Why did Nebraska leave the Big 12?
On June 12, 2012, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln decided to leave the Big 12 Conference and join the Big Ten Conference. A desire for stability in athletics was the primary motivation that led the University of Nebraska-Lincoln to leave the Big 12 to join the Big Ten.
Why did Texas A&M leave the Big 12?
Nebraska, Missouri, Texas A&M and Colorado elected to leave the Big 12 because of frustration with Texas. Ohio State, USC and company don’t mandate the constraints Texas imposed on its conference brethren. No other league countenances a school having its own network. The Big 12 gave Texas the Longhorn Network.
What time is the Big 12 championship game 2021?
The 2021 Big 12 Championship Game is back in AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas with kickoff set for 12:00 p.m. ET on Saturday, December 4th and airing on ABC. The division-less Big 12 conference sees whichever two teams have the overall best conference record play in this game. 3 | <urn:uuid:bf985f2f-c0a5-4e3e-ac8d-768d06007245> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.futsal-liiga.tv/faq/what-is-the-big-12-in-football-top-5-tips.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.948969 | 987 | 2.359375 | 2 |
A federal judge has lifted the injuction that halted the implementation of a 5¢ deposit on bottled water in NY State. Advocates for the deposit say it will increase recycling while bringing money to the state. The injunction was imposed after a group of bottlers filed suit, claiming the expansion was unconstitutional because it excluded non-carbonated, sugar-added beverages.
Water bottles are one of the more commonly littered items and comprise nearly 25% of all beverages sold in the state. Cash strapped state government would be entitled to 80% of unclaimed deposits, equaling millions of dollars annually for it's general fund.
The lawsuit challenging the expansion was brought by a group of bottlers including the International Bottled Water Association, Nestle Waters, and Polar Beverages. Among other complaints, the suit claims the new law arbitrarily exempts non-carbonated beverages that have added sugar, creating a competitive disadvantage. A US Federal District Judge in Manhattan originally delayed the expansion to give bottlers more time to comply with labeling provisions in the law. That injunction was lifted on Friday. | <urn:uuid:2b31805f-0bd7-4902-a45a-ccb9f95e7381> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cawrecycles.org/recycling-news/2823 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00012-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959356 | 215 | 1.742188 | 2 |
- 1 Can charter schools exclude students?
- 2 What percent of charter schools are successful?
- 3 Why do parents choose charter schools over public schools?
- 4 Why are charter schools bad?
- 5 Are charter schools a good choice for students with disabilities?
- 6 What are the disadvantages of charter schools?
- 7 Why do public schools hate charter schools?
- 8 Does charter school look good for college?
- 9 What are the benefits of going to a charter school?
- 10 What is so special about charter schools?
- 11 Why do charter schools exist?
- 12 What is the difference between private and charter school?
- 13 Do charter schools hurt public schools?
Can charter schools exclude students?
“ Charter schools may not enact admissions requirements or other barriers to enrollment and must admit all students who apply, just as traditional schools cannot turn away students,” the 28-page report charges.
What percent of charter schools are successful?
Just 25 percent of charter school students achieved proficiency in English, one percent less than public school students. In math, 35 percent of students at charter schools were proficient, as compared to 30 percent of public school students.
Why do parents choose charter schools over public schools?
Many people are drawn to charter schools because they’re given more curricular and managerial freedom than traditional public schools. However, with increased freedom comes increased accountability. Additionally, charter schools are accountable to students, parents, and the community.
Why are charter schools bad?
Charter schools suspend children with disabilities at a higher rate than public schools, and there have been many cases of inadequacy due to a lack of resources, experience, and insensitivity.
Are charter schools a good choice for students with disabilities?
Are charter schools required to allow students with IEPs to enroll? According to IDEA, yes. As was said above, the responsibility to make FAPE available to all students with disabilities applies to ALL public schools under federal law. Charter schools are public schools; therefore, they bear the same responsibility.
What are the disadvantages of charter schools?
Disadvantages of Charter Schools
- They may have strict admission requirements that may discourage certain students from applying.
- They sometimes require that parents cover transportation costs.
- They may have less-than-optimal facilities and resources.
Why do public schools hate charter schools?
A few reasons for the hate: Charter schools can be more selective with their students. Some states have very little oversight over charter schools, and as such some get away with very shady things, such as suspending a student over a state exam test window so that they don’t count against them in the data.
Does charter school look good for college?
In short, whether or not you attend a charter school will not be the determining factor in whether you get into college. Instead, your application will be weighed based on your own performance and accomplishments, not on the accolades of your high school. Charter schools are a highly variable educational option.
What are the benefits of going to a charter school?
How Charter Schools Work
- Increase opportunities for learning and provide access to quality education for students.
- Create a choice for parents and students within the public school system.
- Provide a system of accountability for results in public education.
- Encourage innovative teaching practices.
What is so special about charter schools?
Charter schools have unique freedom and flexibility not found in public school districts, and their freedom from the red tape of public education often allows them to dedicate increased resources and energy on supporting students in excelling academic standards.
Why do charter schools exist?
Quality Education: The primary reason for the existence of charter schools is to make sure every child has access to a quality education. With the freedom and choice to do so, charters set higher standards and must meet them to stay in business. Charters are one of America’s tickets to a higher-quality school system.
What is the difference between private and charter school?
Charter schools are independently run, and some are operated by for-profit private companies. On the other hand, most private schools depend on their own funding, which may come from parents through tuition, grants, donations, and endowments.
Do charter schools hurt public schools?
A study conducted by political economist Gordon Lafer found that California’s Oakland, San Diego, and East Side Union High School Districts suffer annual losses of $5,705, $4,913, and $6,618 respectively for each student who goes to a charter instead of a traditional public school. | <urn:uuid:0e7d3e0c-cbd4-4614-9ac5-ee5c000c0cd9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://roseburgjunioracademy.org/academy-school/often-asked-at-a-success-academy-charter-school-singling-out-pupils-who-have-got-to-go.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.962407 | 955 | 2.546875 | 3 |
This was a simple craft to do and is perfect for all ages, although a three year old may need to be watched closely to make sure she is not squeezing all of the paint out onto her leather strip and accompanying bracelet (Ahem, ask me how I know).
In order to make these all you need are tubes of puffy paint and strips of leather (I managed to get a bracelet making pack from the Girl Guides off Amazon but I would have happily cut some shammy cloth and tied the finished product around the wrist. This would have worked just as well):
Oh, and a sharpie if you would like to plan the bracelet first. This is exactly what the older girls did as they marked out the pattern on their leather. The younger girls and T12 winged it, designing their bracelet as they went along:
Once they had finished we left the paint for a few hours to dry sufficiently well for blow drying. Here are the almost finished products:
They were blow dried to puff them up and then modeled by one of their makers. Here is A6 dressed in the rest of her native american costume:
Pretty, aren’t they? | <urn:uuid:928ca57a-94ef-4845-85f6-716429fa43d3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://angelicscalliwagshomeschool.com/native-american-dress-up-beaded-bracelets/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.989177 | 238 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Pasture has the potential to provide
1. The horses nutrition
2. A Safe exercise area
Potentials rarely achieved, often neglected
All information given here is believed to be correct but the author cannot be responsible for any consequences of it's use.
by Denis Lindsell
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Find out what type of soil you are on.
We use general terms of Heavy Medium or Light which really refer to the size of the individual mineral particles which make up the soil and the effect this has on the properties of the soil. This is referred to as the 'Texture' of the soil as it can be determined to a certain extent by assessing the 'feel' of the wetted soil between the finger and thumb.
The sizes of the soil particles are divided into three groups -
Sand (particles ranging from 0.02 to 2mm across)
Silt (particles ranging in size from 0.002 to 0.02mm across)
Clay (particles less than 0.002mm or 20 microns across)
Heavy soil has a high clay content. It is sticky when wet and a moist sample can be rolled into a strong ball. Clay soils have a good ability for holding plant nutrients and water, though slow movement of water through a clay soil can cause problems.
Medium soil will have less clay and will have a significant proportion of silt. Medium or loam soils will have slightly less ability to hold nutrients and water, but movement of water will generally be easier through the larger spaces
Light soil has a high sand content, possibly with significant silt but very little clay. These soils will have a low ability to hold nutrients or water and are likely to suffer from drought.
The texture of a soil can be determined in a laboratory to determine the % of each constituent. One way to then illustrate the soil type further is to plot these percentages on a triangular graph. This will result in three lines being drawn, one from each side of the triangle according to the relative percentages. The point where these three lines meet will determine the description of the soil as shown in the diagram below.
The texture of a soil may also be
determined by hand, following a series of questions or key.
Click here to try the key | <urn:uuid:9d247c1a-58e5-42b7-9fb8-dd8d749ba8da> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.pasture4horses.com/soils/soil-texture.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719136.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00467-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943499 | 462 | 3.734375 | 4 |
According to the U.S. Department of Education, teachers spend an average of $479 of their own money on classroom supplies. That’s why, here at WeAreTeachers, we’re all about free teaching resources. We’re always on the lookout for sites and sources that offer lesson plans, printables, videos, and all the other things teachers need to make their lives a little easier. Our list has options for pre-K through high school, in every subject. In short, there’s something for every teacher!
To start, we’ve got lots of terrific options right here on our site. Take a look at some of these top roundups. Then, be sure to browse the site for anything else you might need. (Don’t miss our huge selection of free printables!)
- Awesome Websites for Teaching and Learning Math
- Best Free and Paid Reading Websites for Kids
- Fantastic Free Science Videos for Kids and Teens
- Top Free and Paid Sources for Teacher Clipart
- Free Sites and Apps To Use With Google Classroom
- Free Jamboard Ideas and Templates for Teachers
- Amazing Educational Virtual Field Trips
Now, on to the rest of the big list of free teaching resources!
Nature activities, videos, games, DIY projects, and lessons to inspire children to explore and feel connected to the natural world.
Sponsored by the Kennedy Center, ArtsEdge provides arts-centered, standards-based resources for K-12.
Learn to code with these one-hour tutorials designed for learners of all ages in over 45 languages.
Free collection of reading passages in all literary and nonfiction genres for grades 3-12. Passages come with text-dependent questions that help you track student progress.
Use this site for help teaching digital citizenship, and learn about the latest ed-tech.
This is one of the most well-known research labs for birds and birding. They’ve got a quality selection of activities and lessons, with K-12 options.
Student-appropriate news articles, with original and simplified options. You can also listen to the article, a terrific option for struggling readers.
Education World is a complete online resource for teachers, administrators, and school staff to find high-quality and in-depth original content. They offer more than 1,000 free lessons.
With lots of printable worksheets and activity ideas, this site is a must-bookmark for teachers. You’ll get a limited amount of free resources each month. Or you can sign up for a very affordable membership for unlimited access.
EVERFI offers free digital courses that are interactive and standards-based. The focus is on real-world learning, with courses offered in financial literacy, STEM, social-emotional learning, health, and wellness.
Jumpstart offers free teaching materials, including activities, worksheets, lesson plans, for K-5 teachers.
Teachers everywhere rely on Khan for practice lessons and enrichment for their students. They have an especially robust high school section, with AP prep on a variety of topics.
Formerly named Teaching Tolerance, this amazing site provides free resources that emphasize social justice and anti-bias to K-12 educators.
Teach kids the proper way to use primary sources with lessons. Then, use the primary source sets here for research on lots of topics.
LDC is a national community of educators that provides literacy-rich assignments and courses (organized by collection) across content areas.
Search hundreds of resources by subject, grade level, type, and keyword. These lesson plans and teaching materials support K-12 STEM curriculum. Includes a wide variety of at-home lessons as well.
Teachers can borrow teaching packets and DVDs for a whole school year! Plus find lots of online help for teaching art.
Bring National Geographic to your classroom through lesson plans, maps, and reference resources. Don’t miss Explorer Magazine, their free online publication for grades K-5.
In addition to lesson plans, the free teaching resources here include National History Day projects and the Suffrage Resource Center.
Nature Lab is the Nature Conservancy’s youth curriculum platform, which provides lesson plans, videos and activities, and virtual field trips.
Teach and learn with The Times. Articles and questions, writing prompts, and lesson plans that coordinate with the New York Times Learning Network for teens. This site also provides access to professional growth resources and webinars for teachers, plus activities for students.
Newsela is a database of current events stories tailor-made for classroom use. Stories are both student-friendly and available in different formats by reading level.
National Science Teaching Association promotes excellence and innovation in science teaching and learning for all. This site gives teachers access to NSTA magazines for students and teachers and lesson plans.
Free, standards-aligned pre-K-12 instructional resources including lesson plans, videos, and interactives.
Recycle Rally is a terrific free program that helps schools set up a recycling program and offers rewards for participation. Their Resource Library has lots of free articles, printables, and activities.
Get leveled reading passages with accompanying vocab and question sets for K-8. Teachers get free access to use with their students.
NCTE’s site has thousands of standards-based resources for teachers and students of English.
Free teaching resources by grade, including articles, book lists, and collections of lesson plans and teaching ideas.
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Get new free teaching resources, right in your inbox! Sign up for our newsletters here. | <urn:uuid:ffd43dae-d158-4f09-b968-6f07e7a17035> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.weareteachers.com/free-teacher-resources/?fbclid=IwAR3Q9mIxtEPanl5Nz2MgEQAsadwCHoGl7ZApgXpSpTMbhcDrLYgDNw5PtAk | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.914945 | 1,626 | 3.109375 | 3 |
- Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems have only recently gained wide-spread adoption. CRM systems store key data on each sales opportunity and are the foundation for sales data analytics.
- Many salespeople still rely on their familiar “tried and true” process of spreadsheet roll-ups and “gut feels” to make forecasts. Senior salespeople develop several rules of thumb to predict their quarterly sales number.
- Change is difficult, especially in such an important area. Relying on a statistical program to make estimates without fully understanding the details is a significant change for most sales organizations.
What is especially interesting about the situation today is the CRM system was supposed to become the foundation for sales opportunity management and forecasting. CRMs have done a great job on the opportunity management side by tracking sales activities and providing feedback and follow-up support to the sales team. However, the forecasting quality has many challenges primarily due to poor discipline in data input and a tendency for salespeople to “game” the system to ensure they can meet quarterly commitments. The difficulty level increases in forecasting as the length of forecast increases and several studies have shown when predicting on a deal-by-deal basis at the start of a quarter the average accuracy rate is less than 50%.
Most companies today try to cope with these issues by investing significant time and resource in the Sales Operations team who adjust for the various issues, typically in Excel to enhance the forecast. However, there is a significantly better way to achieve accuracy and objectivity in your Sales Forecasting. The answer is machine learning. Machine learning is a tool used by data scientists to make predictions about the future. This technique uses historic data to train a model and then makes predictions about the future when new data is observed. This technique is great for making predictions about whether a sales opportunity will win or lose. There is a wealth of historic data in the CRM that can train a model, so when a new opportunity is observed the model can predict if it will result in a win or a loss. The other clear benefit of this approach is that it is totally objective as it relies on the actual historical outcome of sales opportunities and it is not influenced by any salesperson bias.
Most companies today can take advantage of a machine learning approach to sales forecasting. This process can run in parallel to the sales team’s existing process and over time the reasons for lack of adoption will confirm the benefit of using this new process. Given the rich data contained in the CRM the machine learning system can leverage this data and will track all opportunities through time. It will also track each time the Stage, Close Date, or Amount change and create a new observation for that opportunity. Other data attributes like how long has an opportunity has been in its current stage, how many days until the end of the quarter, the dollar value of the opportunity, and many others. In all, we use a minimum of 19 different data attributes to make our prediction of won or loss in our machine learning models.
By using machine learning to make predictions about sales opportunities, we are able to predict if an opportunity will win or lose the first time we ever see it with 85% accuracy. This is a significant improvement over the less than 50% industry average noted above. In addition to the benefit of getting a more accurate forecast for the quarter, you will also get an objective list of deals that your sales team should focus on for the quarter based on the higher probability to win. If you would like to know how you can use machine learning to predict the value of your pipeline or would like information about ORM Technologies, please let us know at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:dbb074d5-ef64-4560-a07b-c088d2d65d93> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://orm-tech.com/how-to-use-machine-learning-to-value-your-sales-funnel/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.953009 | 748 | 1.78125 | 2 |
Oxford City Council will today start a consultation on a new strategy to support children and young people in Oxford.
The aim of the new strategy is to help them achieve their potential and to become happy, safe, successful, healthy and active citizens.
The new Children and Young People’s Strategy aims to guide the work focusing on children and young people’s needs and helping them fulfil their ambitions, covering the period of 2018-2023. It covers young people in Oxford aged 0-25, and builds on and will replace the City Council’s existing Youth Ambition Strategy and Children and Young People’s Plan.
A consultation will take place from 5 March until 27 April. The City Council is inviting responses from children and young people, families, professionals working with children and young people, and partner organisations including Oxfordshire County Council and the Children’s Trust that share the responsibility for meeting the needs of Oxford’s children and young people.
Children and young people, including those who may be more disadvantaged or vulnerable because of their disability, gender, race, sexual orientation, or are unemployed, refugees, young parents or involved in the criminal justice system, will have the opportunity to shape the new strategy.
Oxford has major social inequalities. The 2015 English Indices of Deprivation, the official measure of relative deprivation, ranked Oxford 166 out of 326 local authorities districts. Compounded by a projected rise in population, young people face significant challenges to achieving economic independence, wellbeing and finding support to deal with these challenges.
A 2016 report by the YMCA, following their survey of 1,600 young people aged between 16 and 25, found that young people did not have opportunities to fulfil their potential in the education system and lacked adequate access to training and employment, affordable housing, long term financial security.
The Children and Young People’s Strategy proposes implementation of an innovative framework called ‘Ready by 21’ which will enable a structured collaboration with all of the groups that supports a young person’s journey into adulthood including:
- community groups
- health providers
- local authorities
- young people themselves
The City Council is proposing to use a ‘zoning’ methodology, to increase the focus and impact of actions being taken. ‘Zoning’ means that we will work with partners to focus on specific areas greatest need within the city to deliver improvements in the Ready by 21 outcomes. Following discussions with partners there is consensus the first such zone should be in a triangular area that encapsulated part of East Oxford, Cowley and Blackbird Leys.
Through the Children & Young People’s Strategy, the City Council will aim to:
- Provide excellent coordination of City Council services for young people;
- Ensure young people are safe and secure;
- Improve how we use our cultural services support the needs of young people;
- Further increase effective partnership - the City Council recognises that it is one of many organisations working with children and young people in the city and therefore;
- Deliver a productive Cultural Education Partnership, with the support of £15,000 through external funding;
- Ensure improved co-ordination of young people’s activities, with £500 a year for groups through a Ready 21 pilot by 2019;
- Deliver a well-coordinated, sustainable offer for under 5s, with £50,000 by 2020 to implement sustainable support, along with a rolling programme of £100,000;
- Provide effectively targeted grants, with £50,000 by Summer 2018, within a £1.4million grant programme;
- Continue to utilise the £240,000 Youth Ambition Programme budget, to support children and young people in Oxford.
- Improve mental and sexual health;
- Reduce childhood obesity;
- Increase usage by young people at community centres;
- Develop our sessions and services so they are fully accessible;
- Maximise the benefits for young people at our leisure centres;
- Ensure high quality delivery of activities
Although Oxfordshire County Council is the local authority which has the legal obligation and responsibility for Children’s Services to secure sufficient provision of leisure-time activities for young people’s well-being, including youth work, the City Council’s Children and Young People’s Strategy will sustain these priorities through active engagement with partners.
The City Council will continue to improve the inclusivity of our services and ensure they are accessible to all young people irrespective of their gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, ability or beliefs.
With the support of its partnerships the City Council aims to deliver universal, preventative led provision by ensuring there is a strong cultural, leisure and sport offer within the city; providing youth work, sports sessions, free swimming for under 17’s, world class play areas and holiday schemes.
Councillor Marie Tidball, Executive Board Member for Young People, Schools and Public Health said: “Oxford is a vibrant city but young people from disadvantaged circumstances are still more likely to experience fractured transitions from education to employment. That’s why we want to ensure this is a cross-cutting strategy which enables all our services to consider the outcomes to empower children and young people in our city to thrive. Listening to the voices of a diverse range of young people, and taking your views into account, will be an essential part in helping us to achieve this."
“This strategy is an exciting opportunity to respond to the many challenges faced by young people in Oxford and to make our city an even better place to live so that every child and young person can fulfil their potential and become happy, safe, successful, healthy and active citizens”
Oxford is one of the youngest, most diverse and prosperous cities in England, but it faces significant problems due to high cost of housing, and there are wide variations in health outcomes.
Below are key facts affecting children and young people in Oxford:
- In 2011 a significant proportion of Oxford's population, 22%, have no or low qualifications;
- The attainment levels of Oxford pupils have also been relatively poor compared to other areas in the country;
- Between 2010 and 2014, 51% of Oxford pupils at state-funded schools obtained 5 or more A*–C grades at GCSE (including English and Maths), lower than attainment percentages of the overall county and the rest of England (59% and 58%, respectively);
- Attainment levels at primary school were also relatively poor but have recently improved.
Children's and young people's health
- Oxford ranks 29 out of 55 English cities in terms of Child Poverty;
- In Year 6 (at the end of Primary School) 20% of schoolchildren are classified as obese, which is similar to the national average;
- Alcohol-specific hospital stays is significantly worse than the England average, with a rate of 77.1 per 100,000 in Oxford compared to 37.4 per 100,000 in England;
- There was a high rate of under-18 conceptions in Oxford in the early 2000's, but the rate has dropped to levels similar to, or below, the England average. There are still high rates in some areas of the city.
Poverty and Deprivation
- According to the 2015 Index of Multiple Deprivation, 10 of Oxford's 83 neighbourhood areas ('Super Output Areas') are among the 20% most relatively deprived areas in England;
- These areas, which are in the Leys, Rose Hill and Barton areas of the city, experience multiple types of relative deprivation – low skills, low incomes and relatively high levels of crime.
- According to the 2015 English Indices of Deprivation , Oxford ranks 90 out of 326 districts on the Crime Domain;
- Six out of 83 neighbourhoods in Oxford are amongst the 10% most deprived areas for crime levels at the national level. | <urn:uuid:4c57fc7d-4347-40b6-9fe6-c3a9493ce67f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.oxford.gov.uk/news/article/699/children_and_young_people_in_oxford_to_be_consulted_on_a_new_strategy_to_improve_their_lives | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.945402 | 1,622 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Oligarchy (Greek Ὀλιγαρχία, Oligarkhía, from óligon, “few,” and arkho, “rule” ) is a form of government in which political power effectively rests with a small, elite segment of society. The term was used by Aristotle to refer to despotic power exercised by a small and privileged group for often corrupt or selfish purposes. In most classic oligarchies, governing elites were recruited exclusively from a hereditary ruling caste, whose members tended to exercise power in the interests of their own class.
Oligarchies have sometimes been synonymous with aristocracies, which were ruled by members of a noble class, or with plutocracies, ruled by the wealthy members of a community. However, neither wealth nor noble birth are necessary conditions for belonging to the privileged group which rules an oligarchy. Historically, there have been organized oligarchies, and unofficial oligarchies in which a group of “advisers” dictated the policies of an official ruler. In practice, almost all governments, whatever their form, are run by a small minority of members of society, and it is necessary to further examine the ways in which these individuals acquire and retain power in order to correctly understand whether a system of government is a oligarchy.
The word oligarchy (l´ gärk) is derived from the Greek words for "few" (ὀλίγον, óligon) and "rule" (ἄρχω, arkho). Oligarchy (oligarchia, “rule by the few”) refers to the limitation of political power to only a small portion of the community, such as a few families or individuals (the oligarchs). Ancient Greek oligarchs characteristically possessed greater wealth and influence than the rest of the community, but noble birth was not a necessary condition for belonging to the ruling elite. In Greece, the oligarchs were often a section of the old nobility which had excluded the poorer nobles from power. During the second half of the fifth century B.C.E., when Athenian ascendancy promoted democratic forms of government, there were still many oligarchic states in Greece, the most notable perhaps being at Corinth and at Thebes. The government of the Roman republic is often described as "oligarchical."
The classical definition of oligarchy, as given, for example, by Aristotle, is governance by a few, usually the wealthy, for corrupt or selfish purposes. It is compared with both aristocracy, which is defined as government by a few chosen for their virtue and ruling for the general good, and various forms of democracy, or rule by the people. In practice, however, almost all governments, whatever their form, are run by a small minority of members of society. From this perspective, the major distinction between oligarchy and democracy is that in the latter, elites compete with each other, gaining power by winning public support. In evaluating an oligarchic system of government, the extent to which those attempting join the ruling elite are excluded is also significant.
Historically, oligarchies have sometimes been synonymous with aristocracies, which were ruled by members of a noble class, or with plutocracies, in which wealthy members of a community reigned supreme. However, neither wealth nor noble birth are necessary conditions for belonging to the privileged group which rules an oligarchy. Oligarchies were often controlled by powerful families, whose children were raised and mentored to be heirs of the power of the oligarchy. In some cases, oligarchs chose not to exercise political power openly, but to remain "the power behind the throne," exerting control through economic or political pressure.
Aristotle used the term oligarchia in a negative sense to refer to a debased form of aristocracy, in which rule was in the hands of a few corrupt or inept individuals. In most classic oligarchies, governing elites were recruited exclusively from a ruling caste, a hereditary social grouping set apart from the rest of society by religion, kinship, economic status, prestige, or even language. Such elites tended to exercise power in the interests of their own class.
Oligarchy means "the rule of the few;" monarchy means "the rule of the one." Early societies became oligarchies as an outgrowth of an alliance between rival tribal chieftains, or as the result of a caste system. Oligarchies sometimes evolved into more autocratic or monarchist forms of government, if one family or tribe gained ascendancy over the others. Many of the European monarchies established during the late Middle Ages began in this way.
Monarchies sometimes function as oligarchies, when there is a powerful and influential group of “elder statesmen” or nobles who advise or even control the ruler. Examples of this were the imperial dynasties of China, in which the emperors were often dominated by eunuchs and members of the imperial family; the shogunate system in Japan; and the royal court in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century France, in which nobles and aristocrats competed for influence over the king. If a hereditary ruler was weak or too young to rule, his power was effectively usurped by those surrounding him.
Historically, oligarchies have sometimes become instruments of political transformation, by insisting that monarchs or dictators share power with other elements of society, or by demanding some form of organization or constitution to protect the stability of the government. One example occurred when British nobles banded together in 1215 to force a reluctant King John of England to sign the Magna Carta, a tacit recognition both of King John's waning political power and of the existence of an incipient oligarchy (the nobility). The Magna Carta was repeatedly revised (1216, 1217, and 1225) to guarantee the rights of greater numbers of people, setting the stage for English constitutional monarchy. Another example is the Meiji Restoration (1868) in Japan, when a group of samurai forced the shogun to relinquish power to the hereditary emperor and established themselves as genro (elder statesmen) with the power to direct government affairs.
Historical examples of oligarchies are Sparta (which excluded the Helots, who made up the majority of the population, from voting); the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (in which only the nobility could vote); the English parliamentary system and execution of Charles I in 1649; and the restriction of the franchise to male property owners in young democracies, such as the early United States. A modern example of oligarchy, based on race, could be seen during the twentieth century in South Africa in the apartheid system, which became official government policy in 1948 and lasted until the democratic election of a government dominated by the black majority in 1994.
Russia has been labeled an oligarchy because, after the fall of Communism, political power became concentrated in the hands of certain individuals who amassed great wealth by taking advantage of the new system.
The social system of capitalism is sometimes described as an oligarchy. Critics argue that in a capitalist society, economic, cultural, and political power rests in the hands of the capitalist class. Communist states are also perceived as oligarchies, ruled by a class with special privileges, the nomenklatura.
It is a recurrent theory that all forms of government are, in the final analysis, reducible to the rule of a few. Whether the formal authority is vested in the people, a monarch, the proletariat, or a dictator, inevitably a small group of oligarchs will secure effective control. Some authors such as Vilfredo Pareto, Gaetano Mosca, Thomas R. Dye, and Robert Michels, believe that any political system eventually evolves into an oligarchy.
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels held that, throughout the history of capitalism, the government had been controlled by key capitalists, and coined the phrase, “the state is the executive committee of the exploiting class.” The Italian political scientist Gaetano Mosca similarly held that a “ruling class” always constituted the effective oligarchic control. Vilfredo Pareto elaborated the idea in his doctrine of the “elite.”
The German sociologist Robert Michels devised the concept of the “Iron Law of Oligarchy” to refer to what he regarded as the inevitable tendency of political parties and trade unions to become bureaucratized, centralized, and conservative. He argued that in spite of the ideals of representative government, the practical demands of politics inevitably resulted in the concentration of authority in the hands of a small group who were able to direct power efficiently, and in the establishment of an organized bureaucracy and a rigorous order to control internal dissension.
According to this school of thought, modern democracies should be considered as elected oligarchies. In these systems, actual differences between viable political rivals are small, the oligarchic elite imposes strict limits on what constitutes an "acceptable" and "respectable" political position, and politicians' careers depend heavily on unelected economic and media elites.
Subsequent theorists have attempted either to expand on Michel's thesis by applying it to legislatures, religious orders, and other organizations. Critics insist that the “Iron Law of Oligarchy” is not universal and that some groups and political parties do maintain a viable system of democratic expression and governance.
The historian Spencer R. Weart, in his book Never at War, argues that oligarchies rarely make war with one another.
Political scientists and sociologists are beginning to differentiate more carefully between various types of control and power. The type of power held by a democratic leader, while much greater than that of any single individual, is very different from the power wielded by a dictator in a totalitarian and authoritarian government. In a democracy, the ruling “oligarchy” can be effectively challenged by outsiders at any time, while an oligarchy in an authoritarian government protects its position by force if necessary, and retains power indefinitely. In a democracy, effective control changes hands so frequently that it is difficult to identify those in power as a “class” or an “elite.” In speaking of “rule by the few,” the expression “the few” is difficult to define. In an actual democracy, oligarchic tendencies arise for several reasons, including a lack of active participation by many citizens. Only a small minority of those who are voting take the initiative to research the issues and learn about the candidates during an election, in order to make an informed choice. The majority of voters are vulnerable to the ideas propagated by expensive media campaigns. Few individual political candidates have the economic resources to purchase the advertising exposure required to capture public attention, with the result that they are often under obligation to special interest groups of various kinds.
All links retrieved February 15, 2015.
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This volume is ambitious in scope and novel in format. The idea was to provide succinct chapters on a comprehensive list of topics related to the management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a “pocket-sized and portable” book. Each chapter would provide the essential nuggets in a few pages, and refer the interested reader to seminal articles, longer textbook chapters, and websites for more depth on each topic. The chapters are organized in quasi-sequential fashion, from acute management issues to those more relevant to long-term outcomes. After initial sections on core concepts and epidemiology, including material related to TBI pathophysiology and severity classification, there are separate sections on mild TBI (mTBI) and moderate/severe injury. The volume concludes with a section on medical complications (e.g., seizures, headache) and a “special considerations” section covering diverse topics such as alcohol misuse, ethics, TBI in children and the elderly, and blast injury. In a nod to the consumer perspective, the final chapter was written by a young woman with severe TBI and tells the story of her and her mother's dogged search for alternative treatments after she was advised by medical professionals that no further recovery was possible.
Does this handbook succeed in its stated aims? To some extent, yes. Each of the 69 chapters is indeed just a few pages long, and many consist exclusively of bulleted lists and tables. Most are clearly organized, with bolded headings separating every few paragraphs. This makes for a very readable format, one in which it is impossible to get bogged down in detail. The Preface notes that physicians and medical trainees comprise the primary audience, but suggests that clinicians in allied disciplines should also find the book useful as a resource. Medically oriented topics do dominate the volume, with longer term issues relegated to the “special considerations” section. For this reason, neuropsychologists involved in TBI management on the acute care or acute rehabilitation unit are much more likely to find the book useful than those engaged in assessment or rehabilitation on the post-acute side. Succinct, encyclopedia-style entries on cranial nerve palsies, endocrine dysfunction, autonomic instability, and other medical sequelae provide basic guidance on how such early complications affect the function and care of patients with TBI, and could easily help non-medical professionals to educate not only themselves, but also patients and families about the causes, consequences, and terminology associated with these disorders. In contrast, this book is not a particularly good resource to use for learning more about how to help people live with the long-term consequences of TBI. There is one brief chapter on return to work and another on community integration, but little to no content on the impact on the family; friendships and social isolation; or recreation and exercise, all “hot topics” for the professional struggling to assist the person with TBI who is struggling in turn with significant changes in community activities and life roles. And it is startling to read (in a thin chapter on cognitive impairment) that “treatments that have not undergone randomized clinical trials should be recommended sparingly, if at all.” So much for the vast majority of treatments used daily in the rehabilitation of people with acquired brain injury.
As in any edited volume, there is some inconsistency in quality and usefulness across the individual entries. Some of the chapter authors are recognized experts on their topics, lending confidence that the bullets they have selected to capture the complexity of a given facet of TBI management are the ones you will need in a quick review. As one example, John Corrigan's piece on alcohol misuse packs an amazing amount of immediately useful “how-to” information into just 5 pages. Other chapters, particularly the 15 covering mTBI, are harder to use as stand-alone resources; for example, separate chapters discuss somatic and cognitive symptoms, and there is also a somewhat awkward separation between symptom identification and symptom management in the different entries. Presumably this was intended to allow each author to limit his or her material, but for the reader it means that consulting multiple chapters is needed to gain a reasonably useful perspective on mTBI.
Within the essentially medical framework of the volume, the references provided at the end of each chapter are useful, consisting as they do of journal articles, textbook chapters, and web references. Regarding the last, which are ephemeral by nature, it might have been a better idea to consolidate the web citations into a separate section listing comprehensive and long-standing websites that could be searched for more information on selected topics; a quick perusal of the URLs included at the end of each chapter revealed several that are already inactive.
A final quibble: tipping the scales at nearly 1-1/2 pounds, this book is hardly “pocket-sized.” However, it may find a place on your reference shelf if you need a handy guide to the medical issues that accompany TBI. | <urn:uuid:c6e8c7d4-fcd3-433c-9fc6-24cf1df694bb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://academic.oup.com/acn/article/29/3/313/5022/Manual-of-Traumatic-Brain-Injury-Management | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00067-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948538 | 1,014 | 2.15625 | 2 |
eSET – That’s the new term for the latest recommendation to only transfer ONE embryo at a time into a woman’s uterus. Why is eSET the lastest craze? First, because women were not designed to have ‘litter’ births. And second, one baby at a time is better for the baby. DUH!
I am no fan of the Human Fertilisation Embryology Authority (HFEA) in the United Kingdom, but they actually hired an independent consultant who came up with this recommendation. They stated that “multiple birth is the single biggest risk to the health and welfare of children born after in vitro fertilisation (IVF)”. And that the time has come to make this change, back to eSET, in the United Kingdom.
Here in the U.S. “The Philadelphia Inquirer on Tuesday the shift in medical standards to encourage more women undergoing in vitro fertilization to implant only one embryo to reduce the risks and additional costs associated with multiple births.”
Finally, some sensible advice after years of multiple births being at epidemic highs and intensive care neonatal care units being maxed out with low birth weight preemies.
- Jennifer Lahl, MA, BSN, RN, is founder and president of The Center for Bioethics and Culture Network. Lahl couples her 25 years of experience as a pediatric critical care nurse, a hospital administrator, and a senior-level nursing manager with a deep passion to speak for those who have no voice. Lahl’s writings have appeared in various publications including Cambridge University Press, the San Francisco Chronicle, the Dallas Morning News, and the American Journal of Bioethics. As a field expert, she is routinely interviewed on radio and television including ABC, CBS, PBS, and NPR. She is also called upon to speak alongside lawmakers and members of the scientific community, even being invited to speak to members of the European Parliament in Brussels to address issues of egg trafficking; she has three times addressed the United Nations during the Commission on the Status of Women on egg and womb trafficking. | <urn:uuid:3dd9a418-9816-42d9-b17b-cfe42cb575eb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cbc-network.org/2007/11/elective-single-embryo-transfer/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00079.warc.gz | en | 0.956102 | 438 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Knutzen arrived in minutes, launched a rescue craft and began coordinating operations with Eddie Mendez and other teammates. The team circled a 100-yard area the boy was last seen, scanning intently. Dale’s dark clothes made him difficult to spot, and kelp darkened the ocean waters. Dale’s big sister Amanda, watching from the shore with friends, had dropped to her knees. “We were praying just as hard as we could,” she says.
Mendez thought he saw something like a buoy rise up and disappear. He studied the current. There it was again. He raced over. The body was face down with seaweed in the hair. As Mendez pulled Dale from the water, he realized how young Dale was. “He’s only a kid,” Mendez thought. “He could be my child.”
Knutzen cradled Dale in his arms. The boy wasn’t responsive and had spent at least 15 minutes underwater. There was no breathing and no pulse. Both Knutzen and Mendez believed Dale was dead. Even so, they hurried him back to paramedics waiting on the beach to do CPR, in case there was any hope.
At the nearby hospital physicians detected a faint pulse. They airlifted Dale to Doernbecher Children’s Hospital in Portland, Oregon. Dale was unconscious and on life support when his parents arrived. A CT scan revealed global brain damage. Chad and Kirsten Ostrander weren’t sure if their son would live and remain in a coma, or if they were coming to say good-bye.
But one of Dale’s physicians, Dr. Shinpei Shibata, had a new idea. Hypothermic therapy would lower Dale’s body temperature and possibly prevent further brain damage. Two days later, when Shibata came on night duty, he heard from colleagues that the boy had not responded in any way. Shibata decided to examine him again. “Dale, wake up!” he commanded, knuckling Dale hard on the chest as family and friends looked on.
That’s when the miracle came. Dale opened his eyes and actually tried to sit up in bed. Shibata was stunned. “It was much, much more than I expected,” he says. Euphoric, Chad turned and gave his friends high-fives. Kirsten hurried in from the hallway to hold her son’s hand and see the life in his eyes again.
Since then, Dale has regained the ability to walk, write, and read, and he’s learning how to talk again. He has surprised rehabilitation physicians with his progress. Dozens of rescue and medical professionals have helped Dale get this far. Kirsten Ostrander also credits a higher power. “It has been amazing to sit back and watch God work,” she says. “Being in the middle of it, it’s all been miraculous.”
Some people like to travel by train because it combines the slowness of a car with the cramped public exposure of an airplane.
I think my pilot was a little inexperienced. We were sitting on the runway, and he said, “OK, folks, we’re gonna be taking off in a just few—whoa! Here we go.”
“I can’t wait until your vacation is over.” —Everyone following you on Instagram
A man knocked on my door and asked for a donation toward the local swimming pool. So I gave him a glass of water.
Comedian Greg Davies
Just found the worst page in the entire dictionary. What I saw was disgraceful, disgusting, dishonest, and disingenuous.
Client: We need you to log in to the YouTube and make all our company videos viral.
My cat just walked up to the paper shredder and said, “Teach me everything you know.”
“Just because you can’t dance doesn’t mean you shouldn’t dance.” —Alcohol
@yoyoha (Josh Hara)
My parents didn’t want to move to Florida, but they turned 60 and that’s the law.
Q: What do you call an Amish guy with his hand in a horse’s mouth?
A: A mechanic.
More About Survival Stories
What You’re Sharing
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- How Ninth Graders from Louisiana Put a Fascinating Spin on Monopoly
- She Thought She’d Never Meet “The One.” Until He Stepped onto Her Elevator on the Sixth Floor of Wanamaker’s. | <urn:uuid:636a4faf-64c0-4993-9b9b-77b41284cb39> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.rd.com/true-stories/survival/the-boy-who-defied-death/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00035-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967781 | 1,051 | 1.65625 | 2 |
For those of us who eat organic food, buying organic beauty products seems like a logical purchase. But are you really getting "organic"? We looked back at an article from 2002 to see if much has changed in the sometimes deceptive and often confusing organic personal care industry.
There’s no doubt that the natural and organic personal care industry is booming. On the consumer side: demand for safer, cleaner products is on the rise. On the manufacturer side, large corporations are removing chemicals of concern and small natural brands are innovating in the space.
We recently came across an article fromDelicious Livingabout organic personal care. Comparing the content from 2002 to an interview I recently didon the same topic reinforced that there is still a need for clarity and regulations when it comes to "organic" personal care products. Take a look at this then-and-now snapshot.
“Beauty Ingredients Await A Makeover”
What we reported in 2002:Those of us who eat organic products usually want to apply their equivalent to our hair and bodies, too. But because there is currently no official standard for personal care products, labels claiming to be ‘all natural’ or ‘organic’ can be misleading.
“Clearing up personal care label confusion”
What we reported in 2013:The organic personal care industry is still relatively new. At this point, neither the Food and Drug Administration [which regulates the cosmetics industry] nor the U.S. Department of Agriculture [which monitors the use of the termorganicin the food industry] has established standards to regulate “the O word” for cosmetic product labels or marketing materials. This means that “organic” personal care could contain no organic content at all. The only exception is in California, where products that make the claim are required to contain at least 70 percent organic content.
Organic personal care progress
However, looking just at the similarities of these two pieces neglects the strides we have made. Today, personal care products are eligible for USDA Organic certification and the newer NSF/ANSI 305 “contains organic ingredients” standard developed specifically for personal careproducts. So, now when you buy so-called organic personal care products (good news!) they may actually be organic.
Plus, while neither the USDA nor the FDA regulate the use of “organic” (or “natural” for that matter) on labels, retailers such as Whole Foods are doing their part to require honest labeling.
The takeaway: we’re making progress. When you seek out organic products, you may very well find what you're looking for. However, you should still question claims and do your research because we still have a ways to go in achieving full transparency. | <urn:uuid:a8990f1b-5eac-4f30-8c4d-0120a99367ba> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://deliciousliving.com/print/blog/organic-personal-care-has-anything-changed-2002?group_id=4448 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00217-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938191 | 566 | 1.773438 | 2 |
If you watched the news on Sunday, you may have seen President Obama (dubbed the “Healer in Chief” by HuffPo) pay a
campaign visit to Joplin, Missouri where residents are still recovering from the horrific tornado that ripped apart the town a little more than a week ago.
There were reportedly thousands that poured into Joplin on Sunday. However, while some may have come to see the President, many more came to show their support for Joplin and to counter-protest the vile Westboro
Baptist Church cult, which had announced it would be picketing in Joplin.
Following the WBC announcement, Americans came from far and wide to make sure Joplin’s residents were honored, respected and remembered.
Charlie Brown, the rally’s organizer, said the event was not political and would have taken place whether President Barack Obama came to Joplin or whether the Westboro Baptist Church, which claimed Joplin had been singled out for punishment by God, had shown up.
Brown said the theme of the event was threefold: honor, respect and remembrance. Brown began the grass-roots movement on Facebook. His page received 5,000 responses in its first three hours, and 10,000 responses in the first 24 hours.
Below is a video and a few images from Sunday.
While there were reports that the WBC showed up, was blocked, as well as chased out of town, other reports stated that the cult did not show up. There was, however, one incident where police needed to escort a person with a ‘hateful sign’ away from some angry Joplin supporters.
“I bring reason to your ears, and, in language as plain as ABC, hold up truth to your eyes.” Thomas Paine, December 23, 1776 | <urn:uuid:a8752678-4915-482e-9eaa-63eae4f68c12> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.redstate.com/laborunionreport/2011/05/31/about-those-thousands-who-went-to-joplin-this-weekend/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00348-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.984115 | 385 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Export Controls Program Forms
If you are involved in an activity at K-State in which you are negotiating, or have agreed to a restriction on the distribution or release of an item, information or technology, you may be required to comply with one of several federal laws regulating exports. The key element is whether non-U.S. citizens have potential access to certain controlled or regulated items, technologies, or information. If they do, it is considered an export to their country of origin.
Research universities are likely to be engaged in many activities that could be categorized as "deemed export research." Deemed exports are defined as the release of technology or source code subject to Export Administration Regulations (EAR) to a foreign national in the U.S. Consequently, simply discussing export controlled items, technologies, or information with a foreign national may violate federal law.
Individual penalties for noncompliance include considerable fines and/or incarceration. Simply speaking, there are two courses to take if you have foreign nationals involved in your covered activity. Prevent unauthorized foreign national access to covered items, technologies, and/or information, or secure an export license from the federal government for foreign nationals involved in your activity.
Export Controls Compliance Review – International Visitors and Non-Immigrant Employees (now completed in IRBManager)
See International Travel for additional information and forms related to items that qualify as temporary imports or as baggage license exceptions. | <urn:uuid:c7775ca5-0ce9-4206-b408-4464516df474> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.k-state.edu/comply/ecp/forms/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.938855 | 284 | 1.945313 | 2 |
Overclocking the G.SKILL F3-2133C11D-8GRSL notebook memory kit was pretty nerve racking. For starters the highest memory divider in the Intel NUC Kit D54250WYK boards BIOS allows for even number adjustments between 8-16, so 2133MHz (1.333 x 16) is the maximum speed you can run DDR3L memory at inside the Intel NUC.
Since you can’t raise the memory multiplier beyond 16, the only thing we could do was to try and tighten the timings. This memory kit comes with 11-11-11-36 1T timings and if we lowered that to 10-11-10-36 or 11-11-11-32 we would crash on the desktop when the system first booted or we couldn’t even get a successful boot. We even tried bumping up the voltage from 1.35V to 1.425V with the tighter timings to see if more power to the modules might help, but it did not.
It appears that either this G.SKILL RIPJAWS SO-DIMM memory kit is pretty much maxed out or the Intel NUC Kit D54250WYK PC is unable to support anything tighter. We have a feeling that it might be a mixture of both as we’ve had troubles running 2133MHz memory in the past on the platform and running 16GB (2x8GB) memory kits at 1866MHz and above usually doesn’t work either. The Intel NUC D54250WYK and D54250WYKH are both solid platforms, but when you toss in some overclocked memory or high-capacity memory, you start to see some weak points. Our testing has found those wanting to run 16GB of memory in the NUC are best to stick with a 1600MHz memory kit and those that are wanting to go with 8GB of memory can get away with 2133MHz or 1866MHz, with the latter being the sweet spot.
Final Thoughts and Conclusions:
We’ve been wanting to run a 2133MHz DDR3L memory kit on 4th Generation Intel ‘Haswell’ processors for some time now and the G.SKILL F3-2133C11D-8GRSL has finally made that happen. Over the years we have learned that the performance difference between 1866MHz and 2133MHz memory is rather small and that proved to be true again here. The memory sweet spot on the Intel NUC Kit D54250WYK is most certainly 1866MHz, but we did see some integrated graphics performance improvements at 2133MHz. If you plan on gaming and want to get the most performance out of your notebook or PC that uses DDR3L SO-DIMMs, something like the G.SKILL RIPJAWS 2133MHz kit would be worthwhile. If you don’t care about squeezing the most performance out of the Intel HD graphics solution an 1866MHz memory kit will save you a few bucks and give you nice performance gains over running 1333MHz or 1600MHz memory kits. Changing out memory is one of the simplest ways to get a little more out of your system and there is certainly some benefits to be had from using faster memory.
When it comes to pricing the G.SKILL RIPJAWS Series 8GB 1866MHz CL11 memory kit F3-1866C11D-8GRSL runs $82.99 shipped and the 8GB 2133MHz CL11 memory kit F3-2133C11D-8GRSL runs $89.99 shipped. Both kits are lifetime warrantied and cost lower than any other brands comparable kits at this capacity and clock frequency. G.SKILL pretty much has the performance notebook memory market locked down as they have the best prices. They also were the first company to bring these high-end kits to market.
Which kit of memory would we go with? If you want to push the bleeding edge and are okay with manually setting your memory timings in your platforms BIOS, we suggest going with the G.SKILL RIPJAWS F3-2133C11D-8GRSL memory kit for $7 more. Why? We were able to easily downclock it to 1866MHz with 11-11-11-32 1T timings, so it will do everything the lower cost kit will do and remember the 1866MHz kit couldn’t be overclocked to 2133MHz. We like using flexible memory that pushes PCs today as it might still be relevant when you go to update or build another PC down the road.
We can easily recommend the G.SKILL RIPJAWS F3-2133C11D-8GRSL memory kit to those building a high-performance system that needs DDR3L 1.35V SO-DIMM memory.
Legit Bottom Line: The G.SKILL RIPJAWS Series 8GB 2133MHz CL11 memory kit was found to push the boundaries of what most platforms that use SO-DIMMs can do! | <urn:uuid:5c03b143-de59-4f8f-abf2-06cddfb40d6f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.legitreviews.com/gskill-ripjaws-8gb-2133mhz-ddr3l-sodimm-memory-kit-review-f32133c11d8grsl_134291/3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00325-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936542 | 1,075 | 1.515625 | 2 |
As extreme weather wreaked havoc across the globe in 2021, a stunning change was happening in the far northern Arctic, largely out of sight but detectable by a network of sensors. Lightning increased significantly in the region around the North Pole, which scientists say is a clear sign of how the climate crisis is altering global weather.
Vaisala, an environmental monitoring company that tracks lightning around the world, reported 7,278 lightning strokes occurred last year north of 80 degrees latitude, nearly twice as many as the previous nine years combined.
Arctic lightning is rare — even more so at such far northern latitudes — and scientists use it as a key indicator of the climate crisis, since the phenomena signals warming temperatures in the predominantly frozen region. Lightning occurs in energetic storms associated with an unstable atmosphere, requiring relatively warm and moist air, which is why they primarily occur in tropical latitudes and elsewhere during summer months.
The annual number of lightning strokes in the Arctic — the region north of around 65 degrees latitude — has remained consistent over the past decade, but it is now surging significantly in the extreme north. Chris Vagasky, meteorologist and lightning applications manager at Vaisala, said a warming planet is charging up the Arctic’s environment for more lightning to occur.
“What we’ve been seeing is that lightning and thunderstorms are developing over Siberia, and then moving out over the Arctic Ocean and continuing very far north,” Vagasky told CNN, underscoring “the warm, humid air from all continents are now going out over the Arctic Ocean and they’re persisting over the Arctic Ocean, so that you get storms that are developing there.”
Jose Martinez-Claros, a researcher at the University of California, San Diego’s Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes, who is not involved with the report, said the findings were “concerning.”
“It seems to suggest in the drying and warming climate, these types of storms now reach latitudes that are very much higher than they used to be and closer to the Arctic,” he said.
A 2021 study also found Arctic lightning had increased between 2010 and 2020 and the trend was strongly linked to global warming, which is caused by fossil fuel emissions.
“We know that the Arctic is changing faster than the rest of the Earth with respect to its climate,” Vagasky said. “And so monitoring these trends in thunderstorms and lightning in this very remote area helps us detect where these warm, moist air intrusions are occurring in this region.”
Lightning in the US also increased in 2021, according to the Vaisala report, where more than 194 million lightning strokes occurred — 24 million more than what was observed in 2020.
More than 1 million of those occurred in December, in concert with several unprecedented winter time severe weather outbreaks that ravaged the Central and Southern US. It was the highest number of strokes researchers have seen in December since 2015, Vagasky said, noting now “even the December time period, you might be getting spring- or summer-type conditions,” he added.
In the US, Texas recorded the most lightning last year, primarily due to its large area and warm, storm-prone location, Vaisala reports. Florida saw the highest lightning density than any other state, with 223 lightning events per square mile, followed by Louisiana and Texas.
Researchers also found lightning-triggered wildfires burned more than two million acres in the US last year. In the drought-stricken West, dry lightning sparked deadly and destructive wildfires, including the Bootleg Fire in Oregon that burned more than 400,000 acres.
British Columbia, which typically doesn’t experience as much lightning as Canada’s central provinces, also saw a particularly rare lightning outbreak as an unprecedented heat wave seared the region. Between June 30 and July 1, more than 700,000 lightning strokes were recorded in the province.
Vaisala has been detecting lightning in the US for nearly 40 years, and around the planet since 2012. The network detects more than two billion lightning events around the world each year, according to Vaisala, including a 2019 lightning event around 32 miles from the North Pole, which set a Guinness World Record for the northernmost lightning stroke ever detected.
Vagasky said as the climate crisis advances and the Arctic continues to warm, changes in far remote regions will have a ripple effect on weather across the planet.
“All weather is local,” Vagasky said. “When you’re having these drastic changes, especially in places like the Arctic, those sorts of changes are not just impacting the Arctic. The Earth is totally interconnected.”
™ & © 2022 Cable News Network, Inc., a WarnerMedia Company. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:391c39e4-772b-45be-9ab8-a509fc9c4afb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/05/another-sign-things-are-getting-weird-lightning-around-the-north-pole-increased-dramatically-in-2021/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.956123 | 1,000 | 3.65625 | 4 |
Two poles of a false binary continue to play an inordinate role in the study of the history of ancient Israel and of Syria-Palestine. One pole attempts to explain the cultural (for example, the religious and political) history of a specific polity - for example, ancient Israel - with as little reference as possible to the impact of traits and trends that washed down the cultural slopes of contiguous societies over a same temporal frame; e.g., Iron Age Egypt, Philistia, Phoenicia, Damascus, Assyria, and Babylonia. Another pole attempts to explain the same history without remainder in terms of the features held in common with coeval contiguous polities. Nothing distinctive to see in a distinctive culture: move along. Parallelomania wins out by virtue of squatter's rights.
A better though very partial formulation of the question: how do contiguous cultures in conflict acquire and assimilate into their own frameworks elements of another framework they dearly wish to oppose? How does that work? What if such assimilative processes are of paramount importance? Here is Liverani:
When we leave behind the level of static analysis and attain the level of dynamic and causal analysis, the role of external factors in the cultural development of a delimited region has been the subject of conscious and explicit debate. On the one hand, it is argued that culture evolves through internal mechanisms;1 that contributions from the “outside” are inefficacious until they are assimilated to an “inside” and adapted and contextualized within a local system; furthermore, that a quantitative comparison between the few imported pieces and the mass of local materials, between the small number of episodes of cross-cultural contact and the seamless web of parochial quotidian life, reveals a crushing imbalance. The alternative, no longer an appeal to a simplistic version of diffusionism, retorts that important cultural innovations develop in contiguous time and space locations, according to a domino theory that refuses to postulate windowless monads; furthermore, that a cultural “region” is an abstraction of our own making; that even within the confines of a mental map of our own making it is not clear that centers are to be assigned more value than peripheries; finally, while it is no accident that it is possible to study the characteristics of a cultural area through time (its internal development), it is also possible to identify common traits within a limited time frame (by “centuries”) over ample spaces: in short, the study of culture occurs over the horizontal and vertical axes, with connections across space as well as time. Given that one acquires culture through nurture, and given that one undoubtedly acquires it at an early age from one’s parents and from the community in which one is raised, it stands to reason that one may also acquire culture at an adult age, from one’s friends and, perhaps with even more significant effects, from one’s enemies.
1 Explicit anti-Childean positions relative to the ancient Aegean on the part of C. Renfrew and his school would be of obvious and equal value relative to ancient Syria-Palestine. The awareness of the advantages of tracing internal development and of focusing attention on quantitative, objective data is a definitive acquisition of a long-established and rock-solid historiographical tradition. At the same time, mental reserve is warranted in the face of elements of drastic simplification of problems in the scholarship of this school, in reaction perhaps to even more simplistic theories of diffusion.
The above is a translation of an excerpt from Mario Liverani, “Dall’acculturazione alla deculturazione. Considerazioni sul ruolo dei contatti politici e commerciali nella storia siro-palestinese pre-ellenistica.” In Forme di contatto e processi di trasformazione delle società antiche (Giuseppe Nenci, ed.; Atti del convegno di Cortona, 24-30 maggio 1981; Collection de l’École française de Rome 67; Rome: École française de Rome, 1983) 503-520; 505. | <urn:uuid:618a31a8-c904-4910-8eef-4f8d407caad2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ancienthebrewpoetry.typepad.com/ancient_hebrew_poetry/2011/11/acculturation-vs-internal-development-framing-the-question-with-mario-liverani.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00431-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.918738 | 869 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Annan: Israel violates cease-fire
Saturday, August 19, 2006
Israel violated resolution 1701 yesterday when troops from the Matkal, a special forces elite unit, launched a commando raid near the Hezbollah stronghold of Baalbek, in the Beka valley, according to Kofi Annan. One Israeli soldier was killed and two injured. Three Hezbollah members were killed according to Lebanese security officials.
Spokesman Mark Regev defended the action, saying "Israel reserves the right to act in order to enforce the spirit of the [UN] resolution,". The resolution called for a cessation of all hostilities, and an arms embargo. The Israeli Prime minister, Ehud Olmert justified the attack, stating that it was intended to prevent the supply of new weapons and ammunition to Hezbollah.
"The Secretary-General is deeply concerned about a violation by the Israeli side of the cessation of hostilities as laid out in Security Council resolution 1701," said a UN spokesperson. Kofi Annan, the UN secretary general said violations of the resolution like Israel's "endanger the fragile calm that was reached after much negotiation and undermine the authority of the Government of Lebanon." He called on all parties "to respect strictly the arms embargo, exercise maximum restraint, avoid provocative actions and display responsibility in implementing resolution 1701."
- Inigo Gilmore and Jason Burke. "Army raid in Bekaa 'breaks' ceasefire" — , August 20, 2006
- "Israel's violation of cessation of hostilities endangers fragile calm – Annan" — , August 19, 2006
- Press Release: "Israel/Occupied Territories: Call for international investigation of Gaza strikes" — , June 21, 2006
|This page has been automatically archived by a robot, and is no longer publicly editable.| | <urn:uuid:20222fdc-d188-4e5c-8251-ef2dfc6af534> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Annan:_Israel_violates_cease-fire | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00146-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93569 | 364 | 1.5 | 2 |
Ministry of Information, Intelligence, and Operations
Formed in 2798 the Ministry of Information, Intelligence, and Operations (MIIO) is the civilian intelligence arm of the Federated Suns. Its military counterpart is the Armed Forces of the Federated Suns' Department of Military Intelligence.
The MIIO was created during the First Succession War to address a problem with Military Intelligence: at that time all information on other realms was gathered and analyzed by the DMI, and military officers would decide what (if anything) their civilian counterparts needed to know.
As of 3025, the MIIO consists of four divisions:
- Information Gathering Division
- Covert Operations Division
- Bureau of Internal Investigations
- Counterintelligence Division
- BattleTech: 25 Years of Art & Fiction, p. 23 - "Succession War Era"
- A Guide to Covert Ops, p. 60 | <urn:uuid:b54cb5c7-d0e3-4cf4-8ec5-043fa8764a23> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.sarna.net/wiki/MIIO | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00280-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.913572 | 184 | 1.804688 | 2 |
The drilling technique of Hydraulic Fracturing has allowed natural gas producers to extract natural gas economically from deep shale formations. This innovative drilling technique has made enormous quantities of natural gas available in wide areas of the United States from Texas, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, New York, Wyoming, North Carolina, and Colorado. The drilling technique of hydraulic fracturing accounts for roughly a quarter of total natural gas production in the United States as cited by the Energy Information Administration. With the increased emphasis on the use of natural gas in our federal energy policy, there will be new regulations, processes, and resources that will be required to mitigate the risks to human health and the environment from this new drilling technique. The presentation discusses the process of hydraulic fracturing; the threats that are posed to human health and the environment, areas in the USA where the process is used with an emphasis on the Marcellus Shale formation, current and new regulations being put into place, and plaintiff challenges to the process. | <urn:uuid:5d6244fc-9746-452f-a745-3eb3aba2bd30> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.slideshare.net/MDKleinPE/hydraulic-fracturing-marcellus-shale-11-22-2011 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00301-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.913984 | 192 | 2.875 | 3 |
In 2000-01, 504 Purdue students participated
in an approved program of study abroad. The number of
Purdue students studying abroad has been increasing
each year, from only 88 students 10 years ago, to 276
students five years ago, to our present number of 504.
An additional 50 students participated in an international
study tour through the Office of Lifelong Learning.
Purdue offers students within all fields
of study the opportunity to participate in international
study programs in more than 40 countries. In most programs,
students earn Purdue credit for courses completed. Although
the academic experience is rigorous, programs allow
extensive contact with the local culture.
Every effort is made to keep program costs
as close as possible to the cost of study on the West
Lafayette campus. Students eligible for financial aid
may use most forms of aid on approved programs.
Students may spend a year, semester, or
summer abroad. Foreign language requirements vary from
none to the advanced level. Some programs are designed
for students in specific areas of study, while others
are open to all Purdue students regardless of major.
Countries Where Programs
Are Currently Offered
Study Abroad Participation, | <urn:uuid:c10e1bfa-3de1-4f09-8a97-915e88a43a59> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.purdue.edu/datadigest/datadigest2001_02/pages/additional/add_study.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00466-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.866489 | 250 | 1.5625 | 2 |
UN says 'race against time' as new storm nears MadagascarIndian Ocean |Author: AFP | February 22, 2022, Tuesday @ 20:25| 1217 views
People employed by the FID (Fonds d'Intervention pour le Développement) clean up after the passage of cyclone Batsirai, in the Tanambao district on February 8, 2022 in Mananjary. The death toll from Tropical Cyclone Batsirai has risen to 92 in Madagascar, authorities said Wednesday, as humanitarian organisations ramped up aid efforts with more than 110,000 people in need of emergency assistance. (RIJASOLO / AFP)
(AFP) - The UN warned Tuesday that authorities and aid workers were racing against the clock to protect people as Madagascar braces for its fourth tropical storm in as many weeks.
Cyclone Emnati is expected to make landfall on southern Madagascar Tuesday evening -- just weeks after the island was lashed by Cyclone Batsirai on February 5, affecting some 270,000 people and claiming 120 lives.
At the same time, some 21,000 people still remain displaced from when tropical storm Ana struck in late January.
Another 5,000 were affected last week by tropical storm Dumako.
"We are in a race against time to protect those who dealt with the fury of the first three extreme events from the impact of Emnati," Jens Laerke, spokesman for the UN humanitarian agency OCHA, told reporters in Geneva.
The UN's World Food Programme (WFP) also said it was on an emergency footing.
"We are obviously praying for the best, but preparing for the worst," WFP spokesman Tomson Phiri told reporters.
The agency has been prepositioning food and non-food aid to roll out rapidly in the aftermath of the storm, Phiri said.
The UN's World Meteorological Organization (WMO) describes Emnati as "a large and dangerous cyclone likely to cause considerable damage."
Emnati had earlier been feared to strike with the strength of a category 3 or 4 cyclone.
But a WMO spokeswoman said it had been downgraded and was now expected to make landfall as a category 2 event.
Nonetheless, winds of up to 200 kilometres (120 miles) per hour were expected, she said.
Flooding and landslides from pounding rian are the biggest threats.
Laerke warned that the central and eastern regions that were badly hit by Batsirai would also likely be affected.
He said that around $26 million (22 million euros) were needed simply to help respond to the needs in the aftermath of Batsirai over the next three months.
Those requirements are"likely to rise further, based on the impact of the Emnati cyclone," he said.
Ahead of the storm, the UN's Central Emergency Response Fund has allocated $2.5 million to help boost food and cash assistance, provide emergency healthcare, shelter and household items and water purification supplies, Laerke said.
© Agence France-Presse | <urn:uuid:c2db1dc6-3efe-4031-887c-cf0d4156858f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://m.seychellesnewsagency.com/view_news.php?id=16353 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.969336 | 643 | 1.820313 | 2 |
World Bulletin / News Desk
An unmanned U.S. commercial cargo ship flew itself to the International Space Station on Sunday, completing the primary goal of its debut test flight before supply runs begin in December.
After a series of successful steering maneuvers, the Orbital Sciences Cygnus freighter parked about 39 feet (12 meters) from the station at 6:50 a.m. EDT/1050 GMT as the ships sailed 260 miles (420 km) above the Southern Ocean south ofAfrica.
Ten minutes later, Italian astronaut Luca Parmitano and NASA's Karen Nyberg used the station's robotic arm to pluck the capsule from orbit and prepared to attach it to a berthing slip.
"That's a long time coming, looks great," radioed astronaut Catherine Colemanfrom NASA's Mission Control in Houston.
Cygnus' arrival had been delayed a week - first by a software glitch and then by the higher priority docking of a Russian Soyuz capsule ferrying three new crewmembers to the $100 billion outpost, a project of 15 nations.
Orbital Sciences' new unmanned Antares rocket blasted off on Sept. 18 from a new launch pad on the Virginia coast to put Cygnus into orbit.
NASA contributed $288 million toward Antares' and Cygnus' development and awarded Orbital Sciences a $1.9 billion contract for eight station resupply missions, the first of which is targeted for December.
The U.S. space agency also provided $396 million to privately owned Space Exploration Technologies to help develop the Falcon 9 rocket and Dragon cargo ship. The firm, known as SpaceX, holds a $1.5 billion NASA contract for 12 cargo runs to the station, two of which already have been completed.
On Sunday, SpaceX was poised to test an upgraded version of its Falcon 9 rocket. Launch from a new complex at Vandenberg Air Force Base, located just north of Lompoc on the central California coast.Güncelleme Tarihi: 29 Eylül 2013, 16:20 | <urn:uuid:4d619b45-6df6-44bb-a5c3-7d95848f200b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://worldbulletin.dunyabulteni.net/science-environment/commercial-cargo-ship-reaches-space-station-h119345.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00479.warc.gz | en | 0.929433 | 421 | 2.75 | 3 |
FALL RIVER, MASSACHUSETTS — She remains the grand queen of the city’s history books, but Dennis Binette insists there’s far more to Fall River’s early years than simply Lizzie Borden.
Borden, the accused axe murderess who still fascinates people today, doesn’t even draw the majority of questions when people visit the Fall River Historical Society, where Binette works as a curator, he said.
“It’s probably more than 50 percent, but Fall River history is a big draw,” Binette said, adding that his office gets phone calls and emails practically daily from people who grew up in the region, left the state, and decades later want to learn more about their native city.
“There are an awful lot of questions about Fall River,” he said. “And there’s a lot of history in Fall River.”
Still, the legend of Lizzie Borden does remain a strong draw for both the city and its Historical Society, which is why the museum at 451 Rock St. in the city’s “Historic Highlands” neighborhood has its own Lizzie Borden room — which includes the axe that was discovered by police to have been used in the murders of Andrew Borden and his wife Abbey on Aug. 4, 1892, in their home on Second Street in downtown Fall River.
Andrew Borden’s daughter Lizzie was charged with the murders, but after a 13 day trial she was acquitted by a jury that found it hard to believe that such a dignified lady could ever have committed such heinous acts. Lizzie Borden returned to Fall River, lived briefly at the house on Second Street where the murders were committed, then later retired at a Victorian-style home on French Street known as Maplecroft. She died in 1927.
“This is where Lizzie hangs out,” Binette said as he walked through the room that contains material about her life and case — much of it from the collection of the descendants of Andrew Jennings, one of Borden’s defense attorneys, including that gruesome axe.
“The cornerstone of our collection is what we call the Hip Bath collection,” Binette said. “It came to us in the 1960s. It includes trial artifacts, transcripts from the police reports, the inquest, and photographs used as exhibits during the trial. It came to us from the descendants of Andrew Jennings. It wouldn’t happen today, but he had a lot of material that was a part of the case. He took these things home, and they were put in a hip bath — the tubs they used to take baths in on a Saturday night.”
In the 1960s, the family decided to donate the materials to the Historical Society to be preserved.
“They were very good about helping us,” Binette said of the Jennings family. But even today, he added, “There’s still a lot of Lizzie Borden material out there, that is related to Lizzie as a person.”
So much, in fact, that Binette and his fellow curator, Michael Martins, have been searching out that material, making connections with the families that have it, and using the material for an upcoming book they’re writing, “Parallel Lives,” a biography of both Lizzie Borden and a history of Fall River.
“It tries to present the city and her life,” Binette said. “What was the environment she grew up in? It really does present a life experience of Lizzie Borden.”
In fact, of the 1,000 or so pages in the book, only 35 are devoted to her trial.
“We wanted to look at Lizzie Borden the person, and Fall River the city,” he said. “A good portion of it is from private collections of people directly connected to Lizzie Borden, and up to now they have been very protective of her.”
The book will be released in mid-November, and available for purchase on the Historical Society’s web site, http://www.lizzieborden.org/.
Still, even with Halloween coming up, Binette said the Historical Society doesn’t go out of its way to highlight the gory murders of the Borden family to bring in more tourists. For one thing, he said, they don’t need to.
“We don’t play up the grisly aspects of it, even when you take the tour here,” he said. “It’s more geared to facts. We try to humanize it a little bit so it’s not a story of stereotypes and grisly moments.”
For one thing, he added, Lizzie Borden came back to Fall River after the trial and settled down. She refused to act like someone guilty of a heinous crime, he added.
“I think it’s a very poignant story, regardless of whether she did it or not,” he said. “She came back to her native city and stayed here, and that says a lot about her.”
In fact, of curiosity to Lizzie Borden buffs, the Maplecroft home that she retired in has been for sale, on and off, for years. But at an asking price that has varied between $800,000 and $1 million, it hasn’t found a buyer yet.
Binette said the Historical Society does well discussing other aspects of the city’s history, including its ethnic diversity and large Azorean population, with many Portuguese restaurants and shops available in the city. They also talk a lot about a part of the city that’s harder to find today: its aging textile mills.
Earlier this year, the Historical Society did a lecture series at Bristol Community College as part of the city’s bicentenntial — the first cotton mill was built here in 1811, and Fall River celebrated 100 years of cotton cloth production.
The lecture series was so popular, Binette said, that turnout exceeded expectations and they had to bring in extra chairs to accommodate everyone.
“It was great to see all those people come out for the history of the mills,” he said.
To learn more about Fall River’s history, call 508-679-1071.
Contact us at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:6de2df34-1268-4e10-bdcd-335b39acd04c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://freelinemediaorlando.com/from-lizzie-borden-to-textile-mills-to-ethnic-meals-the-historical-society-records-and-preserves-fall-rivers-rich-history/4804/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.97397 | 1,390 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Since sworn in on May 29, 2015 as the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, President Muhammadu Buhari had embarked on numerous foreign trips each with clear mission and purpose. From seeking international collaboration on fighting corruption and working assiduously on ensuring that stolen funds by corrupt public officials are returned to Nigeria, the president has not shown any fatigue in his overseas trips since his administration kicked off barely a year ago. From Niger, to Chad, Germany, South Africa, United States of America, Benin Republic, Ghana, France, India, Iran and the lists seems almost endless. Even right now as this piece is being put together, the President is in faraway China to meet with President Xi JiPing and have some bilateral talks on how the two countries can further strengthen their bilateral relationships.
The latest visit of the President to China is strategic, and there is no better time to embark on such trip than now. The two nation’s bilateral relationships have spanned over four decades and there is need to explore more areas where this relationship can further benefit both countries. For instance, China is the top lender to Nigeria, where political instability and violence have made Western interests diminished. Chinese investments across Africa reached $220bn in 2014, and are estimated to be about $300bn in 2015. Chinese investments in Nigeria alone are pegged at over a $100bn dollars and this is expected to grow in the coming years. Apart from this, China is one of the World’s fastest growing economies and the country is also a global hub for manufacturing. The nation plays a vital role in international trade and it is one of the largest exporter of goods in the world. As far as Nigeria is concerned today, there are over 60,000 documented Chinese doing one form of business or the other in the country. Countless investments and businesses owned and operated by Chinese citizens are spread across the nation. The above short description is simply to bring to our notice how deep and robust Nigeria/China relationships have become stronger over the years.
President Buhari’s visit to China is the first of its kind to be embarked upon by an African Head of State after the 2015 China/Africa summit. In the course of this visit, the two leaders shall discuss the development of Nigeria’s infrastructure especially in the, power, roads, railways, aviation, water supply and housing sectors. These sectors are crucial and require utmost attention by the Buhari’s administration to foster economic growth and development. Over the years, Nigeria’s infrastructure development has been nothing to write home about. From epileptic power supply, to bad road transport network, impeding easy movement of agricultural produce/goods and services from the rural areas to the urban centers. Other areas Nigeria is lacking in infrastructure development is in lack of an efficient and modern railway networks, degrading aviation sector and an unproductive housing sector. With proper Nigeria/China new bi-lateral talks, all these challenges could easily be a thing of the past.
There has also been an increasing call that Nigeria needs to diversify its economy from being an oil-dependent economy into other areas where revenues can be generated. The untold hardship that the dwindling oil revenues had inflicted on Nigeria’s staggering economy is an eye opener that the nation can no longer rely entirely on oil as the major source of revenue generation. Lately, economic experts have called on President Muhammadu Buhari to revamp the agricultural sector and make it more attractive as it were in the glory days of Nigeria’s rich history before crude oil was discovered. Agricultural is known to be a vital industry in China, and over 300,000 million farmers are employed directly by it.
Apart from this, China ranks first in worldwide farm output, primarily producing wheat, sorghum, millet, rice, peanuts, potatoes, tomatoes, cotton, barley, soyabeans and oilseed. With proper support, through technology and other agricultural innovations, China agricultural success can also be replicated in Nigeria, employing millions of jobless Nigerians and making Nigeria an agricultural giant once again. In 2011 for example, China alone imported 1.1million metric ton of cassava chips from Nigeria. With proper technology in the agricultural sector of Nigeria, other nations of the World apart from China can also benefit immensely from Nigeria’s agricultural produce.
It is no longer news that Nigeria’s 2016 budget is in a shortfall of over N2tn naira. President Muhammadu Buhari has signed a loan deal with China worth $6bn to fund infrastructure projects in the course of this visit. This was made known on Tuesday by Nigerian Foreign Minister to Reuters. Although, there had been an early hint on the loan deal by Special Adviser to the President on Media Mr. Femi Adesina but declines to states the amount of the loan until the day it would be officially signed. The announcement came as both countries signed a currency swap deal to boost trade. Nigeria had been in talks with China on an infrastructure loan for months.
We should clearly recall that China’s President Xi Jiping pledged to invest $60bn dollars in Africa during last year’s China-Africa summit in South Africa. Part of this money is expected to come in grants and interest-free loans and the rest in loans and exports credit. Nigeria may be seeking to take advantage of this soft loan at an almost interest free rate from China, rather than turn to the West for such help at an almost ridiculous interest rates. Experts have raised their optimisms that by the time the 2016 budget is passed, it would be the best budget Nigeria had ever known in a very long time.
Finally, the untold hardship that Nigerians are facing will soon become a thing of the past. Many negative reactions have trailed the President’s visit to China amidst so many economic crisis befalling the nation right now. From a crippling economy, to fuel scarcity and even the stress to purchase the said fuel at an almost ridiculous price of over N200 naira per litre, the increasing prices of commodities, to the lingering Shiites and the Nigerian Military problems, and the sudden closure of two Federal Universities (Unilag and Uniport) over unnecessary hardship being faced by students of these Federal institutions. It is no doubt that the country is going through a lot of difficult times right now, but the good news is that these problems aren’t insurmountable. All we can do is to continue to support this administration to take Nigeria to that glorious future. Thank you for reading and God bless the Federal Republic of Nigeria. | <urn:uuid:05ff663c-f84d-46f6-b0fc-80fbf4abc910> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://witicles.com/what-nigeria-stands-to-benefit-as-president-buhari-visits-china-24234.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00177-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960516 | 1,344 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Powerful. Moving. Emotional. As usual, I required a box of elusive tissues, and sniffed for an hour instead.
It’s not Hollywood’s latest blockbuster, but rather, the annual Remembrance Day assembly at my kids elementary school.
Imagine a world that knows no hunger, my daughter sang.
Because watching children on bleachers recite In Flanders Fields will never grow old. Seeing veterans sitting tall and stoic in front of the children is remarkable. Listening to children tell stories of heroes in their family is amazing. Poppies made of tissue paper, and pop-art peace doves adorn the gymnasium walls.
Imagine a world where children are free.
The children sit still. Chins rest on hands. They are listening. They are learning about sacrifice, bravery, and loss. Learning things it almost hurts to tell them.
Imagine a world of infinite beauty, given for all to share.
We remember our past, and dream of a future where war is only a memory. | <urn:uuid:5ac235aa-71ad-492a-bd48-8e3f5e5f47dd> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://motherstonic.com/2013/11/11/we-remember-remembrance-day/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719273.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00065-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.910001 | 214 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Someone whom I considered a friend is getting married today. The pain I feel now is the antithesis of what I hope for him, and may be the very reason he is marrying. The woman he is marrying is someone whom I also thought was a friend, but due to her own lack of emotional growth tossed me by the wayside. I was there for her in time of great need. I did take pleasure in “rescuing”, but also in rekindling happiness. I suppose it is that betrayal that is the cause of my hate. I try not to hate and started out my life without a vague notion of it, but I soon learned. Or rather, I was soon taught. I suppose if my blood relatives hadn’t done so the world would have soon enough. Besides, the real struggle is not how one learns to hate, but how one learns not to hate. I can remember the boy that was in awe of every moment, every living creature, every exchange of emotion. The pain I feel is not hate. Hate does not beget hate. Apathy does. If there is one useful thing my mother taught me it is that the opposite of love is not hate, it’s apathy. But she too is a victim in this seemingly endless, though cosmically minuscule, cycle of love, apathy, hate, repeat. So when I say I hate, and it isn’t really hate, I mean I hurt. I learned at a very young age that, “Hate is just fear wrapped in ego,” as I’ve said many times. I am both afraid in terror and fearless. Though the former seems to confront me more with age. I do break out of the cycle every now and again. But then I return. Buddhists would call this my [darhma].? I can’t think of the word, but my destiny of suffering. It’s not karma. I know that much. As I sit here in a depressed, stoned, daze I am a mixture of hope and hopelessness. Returning to a semblance of the point or plot…I can not let her betrayal of me go, and a temporary consequence of that is my current state. At the same time of this apologetic and empathetic nature I am also logically aware of my need to stay steadfast in self-protection. That is that I should not accept abuse and will no longer let people whom I consider dear/friends/family take advantage of my acute nature. I love immediately and deeply and only expect respect in return. It is not a youthful infatuation. I know the difference. No, for the longest time I’ve been able to love so completely, so effortlessly, so entirely, but my choice in friends was poor. I’m drawn to those who abuse and use, because that’s what I know. When presented with a person who is open of heart and similarly empathetic I shy away. I didn’t always, but a life of betrayal and abuse has taught me to retreat in hate. As if that is some sort of sanctuary. I hope my friend is happy and I hope she will grow and be happy with him. But I cannot be there. There are the other loose-friends, and acquaintances. They I can live without. No, it’s the loss of so many, of just a handful, a family, that I loved/love in just a few years. I am in the doldrums and hopefully nearing the end of this pupal cycle. I work hard to become better than I am. Even writing this is a sight better than I could have managed these last few years. I’m teaching myself how to love again, and to be a bit more cautious. Though my nature will always be that once a person gets past my formidable barriers they will have near complete (I am learning) access to my heart, my thoughts, my honesty. I only wish I were able to use a key to unlock that guarded safe at will. But these days I find the key missing more and more. But I will fight to break down those barriers. And that is the hope that I rely on. I still love all creatures. I still love myself, when I think really hard and remember how. I know there is hope for humanity and me. Even if I never find “the one” or “one”, I will never stop loving and hoping.
Well, I’m tired of writing and feel like listening to some beautiful soulful music with just a taste of sadness for realness and a melody of love.
(Written with tears that will not drop.)
- HP :)
HappinessPie’s Favorite Things: A place for readers, advanced ESL students, and people who are tired of Oprah.
Why, might you ask, am I starting my first blog with a glamorized, and possibly humorized, list of my favorite life-enhancing things? As a writer, I hate the word "things". I also love it, because that's what they are. They may be my current favorite technological advances, but at the end of the day it's just stuff. But stuff I'm excited about..."but stuff"...! They say write what you know, so I do. I've also got loads of stories (true and imagined), thoughts, technological insights, poetry (ugh, don't worry no mushy crap), world travels, and experiences to share. This is my first blog, and much like a 40 year old virgin, I've been saving it up! Here we go...
My current favorite things are:
The Firefly 2 personal vaporizer
The HTC Vive
The Quickshot by Fleshlight
First off, someone needs to combine these 3 excellent experiences IMMEDIATELY! I can do 1 and 2 in combination, but imagine adding 3 into the mix… EUREKA… [O-face]… and guilt. ;P
Seriously though, I’m not joking at all. I mean, it’s hilarious in its insanity, but the idea is solid! There should be an app for that. Anywho, I have to tell you that these three products, while a bit pricey (except the Quickshot), are mind-blowingly good. Not just good, even, but EXCELLENT! I paid full price as a regular (albeit very well informed) consumer, and I don’t regret the crippling debt one bit. The Firefly 2 is the best vape I have ever owned or used. It actually out performs the almighty Volcano; though, the two serve different purposes and quantities. The vapor quality is insane! Like, wacky tabacky, manic piano playing insane. For real though! — Am I trying to hard to sound cool/street here? — No, your right. I’m just coco for coo-coo puffs. Watch some reviews, read if you must, but for small personal sessions this thing is a must. It’s on-demand heat means you can take one or two puffs and not waste the rest. Among a whole slew of design features that beat most other personal vaporizers is: excellent vapor for both flower and concentrates, flawless design, super easy to clean, replaceable parts, and it even comes with a user changeable (think Samsung) extra battery. This is probably not the vape you will take with you to shows or large group sessions, but it’s your best friend waiting for you after a long day. For traveling and sharing I prefer the Pax 2. Think of the Firefly 2 as your choice glass piece that you keep at home for yourself and special guests.
The HTC Vive is hands-down the best VR headset I’ve ever experienced or owned. And, yes, I am old enough to have used VR in the 90’s at cybercafes (think Starbucks plus 20 IQ points or so). The evolution of technology is fascinating to observe and participate in, and horrifying in some of its implications. But this humanist has to have hope that our machine overlords will be bogged down by an android congress, and end up being as ineffectual as many human overlords. Androids, in theory, might not feel emotion the same way we do. So, the difference seems negligible. ;P The Vive is seriously fun, and with Valve at the helm it unsurprisingly delivers a premium experience. Yes it is expensive. But it’s main and technically comparable competition, the Occulus Rift, is the same price for less value in every department. The Vive feels like the future, while the Rift feels like, well Facebook telling you that a new smiley is the future. Okay, so I jest a bit, but my tepid metaphor stands. The Rift looks cheaper, but when you get to the technology and abilities of both units the Vive wins. It comes with everything you need for your own personal holodeck, including the all important laser motion-tracking, and hand controllers. Hand controllers really do take VR to the next level of immersion. Fear not, fellow nerds, if you don’t have enough room to actually walk around (though you should because WOW!!!)! The Vive can operate just as adeptly standing or sitting in one position. I could go on forever about the tech., but just lookup the specs. yourself and you’ll see what I mean. You get what you pay for. At the time of writing this we are still months from the Playstation VR release, and even though it’s price is somewhat lower, the value is not there. First, the PSVR does not have the screen resolution of the Occulus nor the Vive. Second, Sony has confirmed that to even use the full resolution and potential of the PSVR you will need to buy the new, unreleased Playstation 4 Neo (aka PS4K). Once you add up the costs, the price difference between the PSVR + PS4 Neo and the HTC Vive + decent gaming PC isn’t prohibitive. Sure, some people are going to go with the PSVR for convenience, but they’ll be giving up the quality of a truly immersive experience for something like a Nintendo alternative. In the end, different strokes… which leads me to my third and final current favorite thing.
The Quickshot from Fleshlight is the most affordable and best masturbation sleeve money can buy. Having owned the original Fleshlight and being a man, and once a very horny and inventive teenager, I can say that this thing will get you off before you have time to find your favorite scene. I ordered this on a whim, while it was on sale for $27, and well… “What do we get for dollars?” “Everyting….” You know the rest! ;) It’s much more compact than a regular Fleshlight, and is more of a traditional sleeve in its shape only (open at both ends and only about 4” long. That’s the best part, though. Alone, it’s great. With a partner, and you will want to spend more than 7 minutes in heaven, though you will not likely last that long. For realz! I won’t go into much more detail than that, as I don’t wish our first blog encounter to be “too sordid”. Just buy one, you’ll be happy you did. I guarantee it! :P
Well, so long for now. I’m off to bed, if I can pull myself away from any/all of these three! Until next time, and there will be a next time. I’ve written privately for so long that I have so much to share with you all! Stories, rants, technology, free-association humor (may require purchase of vaporizer to enjoy), and humanist consumerist lists for the literary-inclined. Until next time… try not to go blind before then!
P.S. I did not know if I should include web pages or relevant Youtube videos, because I'm not really a "reviewer", except when I'm really excited by something new or found. In these cases, I'm more like an unpaid evangelist. Let me know your thoughts and what you'd like to see in future blogs. | <urn:uuid:2899a784-5959-4f59-bca3-8f923b4a04b9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://happinesspie.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00466-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958834 | 2,578 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Commissioner Meredith Attwell Baker of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) will speak during a forum and press conference at The University of Texas at Austin Monday, Sept. 21, on the importance of broadband Internet technology for distance learning to prepare high school students for higher education.
The event, held in conjunction with an FCC Broadband Field Hearing in Austin, will be at 1:30 p.m. in the university's Thompson Conference Center. The broadband hearing earlier in the day at the Texas University Club is the first stop on a nationwide tour by the FCC to promote broadband use in education.
Panel members for the discussion will include Dean Judy Ashcroft, Ph.D., of Continuing and Innovative Education (CIE) and Amy Pro, Ph.D., principal of The University of Texas at Austin Online High School. Three students who have benefited from broadband Internet use to further their high school studies through CIE also will be on the panel. One of the students will join the conference via a broadband Internet video connection.
"I look forward to a vivid showcase on the power of broadband communications and how it relates to distance learning," said Ashcroft. "By showcasing how broadband communication impacts both secondary and higher education, this discussion will emphasize the higher goals of Internet usage. We, in Continuing and Innovative Education, are excited by new uses of this technology so we may support learners everywhere in their education continuum."
Continuing and Innovative Education offers a number of distance learning programs and opportunities that specifically employ the Internet to reach students from across the state, country, and world. The distance learning components and services include:
- University Extension
Distance learners can take college credit courses anytime, anywhere from The University of Texas at Austin through University Extension (UEX). The mission of UEX is to enable students' connection to university faculty, departments and programs. UEX continuously provides open-enrollment, online and evening courses taught by university instructors or university-approved instructors. Credit earned in UEX courses is provided on an official university transcript and is transferable to most colleges and degree plans.
- The University of Texas at Austin Online High School
Fully accredited by the Texas Education Agency (TEA), the Online High School was authorized by the Texas State Board of Education in 1998 to provide distance learners with a high school curriculum and to award diplomas. The program offers more than 48 online courses in English, social studies, mathematics, science, foreign languages, health, computer applications, physical education, economics and electives.
- Migrant Student Graduation Enhancement Program
This program helps Texas migrant students graduate from high school by providing them with opportunities to earn school credit through distance learning courses, services, and computer equipment loans. The program offers all courses needed to graduate high school in Texas through distance learning courses. The mission of the program is to increase the high school graduation rate of migrant students by providing alternative, nontraditional methods for earning high school credits.
- LUCHA (Language Learners at The University of Texas at Austin Center for Hispanic Achievement)
LUCHA is designed to help Spanish-speaking students transition into English-language public schools. To meet this goal, CIE's K-16 Education Center works with education agencies in Mexico to create alignment between the curriculum that students receive in their home country and the curriculum taught in Texas. LUCHA gives students from Mexico the opportunity to use online course curricula from Mexico to complete the school semester or year. | <urn:uuid:398ebe82-6175-4055-8d2e-b94cabd69694> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://news.utexas.edu/2009/09/18/cie_fcc | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719465.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00096-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945102 | 701 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Description from Flora of China
Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous, glabrous, with translucent ("pale") glands only. Leaves opposite, sessile or petiolate, entire; venation pinnate; glands punctiform only. Flowers bisexual, homostylous. Sepals 5, quincuncial, equal, free. Petals 5, imbricate, flesh-pink or white, ± symmetric, deciduous after anthesis. Stamens in 5 fascicles united to form apparently 3 (i.e., 2 + 2 + 1) with compound fascicles antisepalous, persistent, each fascicle with 3 stamens; filaments rather slender, 0.35-0.5 united; anthers small, dorsifixed, dehiscing longitudinally, with gland on connective; sterile fascicles (fasciclodes) 3, yellow to orange, inserted between stamen fascicles, persistent. Ovary 3-loculed with axile placentae, each placenta with numerous ovules; styles 3, free, ± slender; stigmas narrowly to scarcely capitate. Fruit a septicidal capsule, with valves longitudinally and prominently vittate. Seeds small, carinate; testa reticulate-foveolate, not arillate; embryo slender, straight, with distinct slender cotyledons.
Six species: one in NE India (Khasia Hills) and S China, one in NE China, Korea, Russia (Far East), and Japan, and four in E Canada and the E United States.
(Authors: Li Xiwen (李锡文 Li Hsi-wen); Norman K. B. Robson) | <urn:uuid:225bb399-935d-4946-8803-83be44b79243> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=600&taxon_id=133357 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00438-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.733615 | 372 | 2.171875 | 2 |
The Sterling bond market is attractive to UK and non-UK issuers and investors alike. Although the sterling bond market appears small, relative to the global bond market, it has a large impact on companies and governments who require additional capital for their spending and regulatory needs.
Key learning objectives:
Define a bond
Understand who are the investors and the issuers
Explain the size and impact of the Sterling bond market | <urn:uuid:a57f73b0-051b-4fd4-a7ab-f76fa47b57e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://financeunlocked.com/videos/the-sterling-bond-market | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.933161 | 86 | 1.515625 | 2 |
What an outrageous claim you may submit! But really, it calls for close examination to prove its validity. After a long period of colonial rule (affliction, oppression, bondage, etc.), Nigeria got independence in October 1st, 1960. However, as a new child that is “delivered” from the womb (colonization) is expected to possess some attributes of a babe; and then grow up to become truly independent (in mentality, character, productivity, culture, etc.); a newly “delivered” nation is also expected to demonstrate some attributes of a babe; and then grow up to become truly independent (in mindset, culture, productivity, process (technology), substance, etc.). No one is ever agitated when a babe demonstrates the attributes of babes; however,when an adult keeps fixating – showing the habitual childish attributes, it becomes a source of worry and great concern to all and sundry. In Exodus 12, the children of Israel got their first national independence, and in Exodus 16; they were still acting like babes – are really, no one was angry for that (for a babe must necessary act like one!)
And they journeyed from Elim, and all the congregation of the children of Israel came to the Wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after they departed from the land of Egypt. Then the whole congregation of the children of Israel complained against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness. And the children of Israel said to them,"Oh, that wehad died by the hand of the LORD in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the pots of meat and when we ate bread to the full! For you have brought us out into this wilderness to kill this whole assembly with hunger."Then the LORD said to Moses, "Behold, I will rain bread from heaven for you.
And the people shall go out and gather a certain quota every day, that I may test them, whether they will walk in My law or not. And it shall be on the sixth day that they shall prepare what they bring in, and it shall be twice as much as they gather daily."Then Moses and Aaron said to all the children of Israel, “At evening you shall know that the LORD has brought you out of the land of Egypt. And in themorning you shall see the glory of the LORD; for He hears your complaints against the LORD. But what are, we that you complain against us?" Also Moses said, "This shall be seen when the LORD gives you meat to eat in the evening, and in the morning bread to the full; for the LORD hears your complaints which you make against Him. And what are we? Your complaints are not against us but against the LORD.
What a story! But really, that actual reveals a similar situation in Nigeria right now. Although, we are now over 53 years as a nation; yet, we are still acting like a babe. And if you observe the passage above very closely; God didn’t show His anger to the people of Israel – For they were babes! Perhaps, He didn’t expect any differently! However, no one will tolerate an adult-babe around him or her. Babes, often possess certain attributes, which are not necessarily evil; but are sometimes counter-productivity (prevents or opposes creativity and productivity) and counter-progressive.
THE ATTRIBUTES OF BABES
Babes are usually preoccupied with their wants. It is not abnormal for babes to wantmany things, and place real demand for them through every available means (by crying out loud, destroying home articles, etc.)
Babes are hardly satisfied. Parents should find this difficult to understand – as babes are not easily satisfied. They could be quiet for while, but soon enough, they will request for another thing. No matter what you give to a babe; he or she would want something else soon.
Babes are given to complain. Maybe because of their limited understanding of times and seasons, and some other important things; they usually complain about almost every unmet desires. Sometimes, their way of requesting for a thing is by lodging complains for lack or shortage of it. Rather than making their requests known, babes complain recurrently.
Babes are consumers. You will hardly find a baby that produces; rather, they are consumers. They feed on whatever is produced and supplied to the. Remember, the children of Israel complained about bitter water in Exodus 15;22-27 and about hunger in Exodus 16:1-8 and the LORD produced what they wanted. Babes never produce; rather, they are full-time consumers.
Babes don’t have meaningful relationship with God. Although, babes usually have their needs met by god (sometimes through the people); yet, babes never develop relationship with God – in fact, they lack basic knowledge of God and His power.
Babes lack knowledge of identity, purpose and potentials. No matter how smart a babe can be; once he or she is still a babe, the knowledge of his or her identity,purpose and potential is never a priority. Babes don’t know who they are; why the ywere given birth to; and what they were born with to help them achieve the reason for their births.
Babes are usually survival-oriented. An average babe literally wants to survive, and nothing more. The thought or plan for the future is never a concern. Babes live for the now (present). They gullibly assume that their needs in the future will surely be provided for. Babes live to survive for the present.
Those attributes listed above, are only fractions of the enormous attributes of babes. And if we will ever be honest as a nation; although, we are over 53 years old now, we are still a babe nation – survival-driven; always complaining, never satisfied, consuming without real production, etc. As no parent would be comfortable with an adult-babe; God – the King of heaven and earth, is also not proud of us as a nation: For Nigeria and most other nations in Africa ought to have grown beyond this! Instead of being producing nations, nations that are futuristic, and purpose-driven; we have been merely consuming, survival-driven and purposeless.The time to awake the real adult in us as nations is now! The time to grow up is now. The time to begin a process of national discovery of identity, purpose and potentials is now.
Remember, “A man (nation) who is in honour, yet does not understand(discover), is like the beasts that perish.” (Psalms 49:20)
Being destined to be great is never enough! And enough of window-dressings! Let us grow up as nations, and throw away our childish attributes.
“When I was a child, I spoke a s a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child; but when I became a man (grown up), I put away childish things.”
(I Corinthians 13:11)
MAY GOD BLESS NIGERIA AND OTHER NATIONS IN AFRICA AND KEEP US STRONG! | <urn:uuid:6480c943-6c84-425c-9b01-b7cc264aa491> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://witicles.com/how-most-african-nations-are-still-babes-116.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00177-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963462 | 1,505 | 2.109375 | 2 |
According to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “Amphetamine is gaining popularity with college students across the nation.” College students––especially those enrolled full-time––abuse these drugs at much higher rates than any other age group, and it is of particular concern to private campuses and the students who attend them. Even if you are not a college student, it can be difficult to explain to your parents that you have been abusing amphetamines and are struggling with addiction, but many individuals in their first years away from home experience these issues.
Below are some tips to help you have a productive conversation about your need to seek treatment with your parents. However, if you require immediate treatment for amphetamine addiction, call 800-768-8728(Who Answers?) now.
This is an incredibly important part of having the talk about your treatment needs with your parents. This probably isn’t a conversation you necessarily want to have, and because of the delicate nature of the issue, you may tend to leave certain important pieces of information out. Your parents may ask questions, though, about why you started abusing amphetamines in the first place, from where you obtained them, and how long you have been abusing them. Being honest will show them you are serious about getting help and that you truly will work hard to change your situation.
Be Prepared for Their Feelings––But Don’t Allow Them to Define You
Your parents will likely have their own feelings about your situation, and it is important to prepare yourself for this. While there are likely to be certain issues you disagree on or that can be extremely difficult for you both to discuss, knowing this going in can help you keep a level head. Your parents may even get angry and say things that upset you. You can try to work through these feelings together, but if someone––anyone––criticizes or attacks you to a point where you feel threatened, you have every right to walk away.
Have a Plan in Motion
There are many options you can encounter for addiction help on your college campus that are both low-cost and effective for individuals in your situation. It can help you immensely to learn about some of these programs and to see what they offer before you decide to talk to your parents. You can also find a treatment program in your area that fits your specific needs and budget so you can show them you already have a plan for your recovery.
Seek Addiction Treatment Now
You can make a change and begin addiction treatment for amphetamines. It isn’t always easy to talk to your loved ones about your struggle with substance abuse, but taking this step will help you on your road to recovery. According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, recovery is “supported by peers, friends, and family members” and is much stronger when an individual is able to gain this support.
To find an addiction treatment program call 800-768-8728(Who Answers?) today. We can help you find a rehab center that provides the options you need in order to recover from amphetamine addiction. | <urn:uuid:a8140cdc-f294-4105-9908-c8a903a22bea> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://amphetamines.com/how-do-i-tell-my-parents-i-need-amphetamine-addiction-help/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.965777 | 634 | 1.953125 | 2 |
This post is all about cancer in general. To date, I have posted 42 well-referenced blogs on the topic of cancer, and you can find them all in the drop-list of over 60 categories in the upper right column of my Home page. Most of them are about the big three cancers in our country, but there are quite a few other blogs about cancer in general—and I have listed many of those at the bottom of this page.
As for the big three mentioned above, here are links to separate pages for each one. But before, you leave this site, I recommend that you read the “cancer in general” information provided below.
Like heart disease and type 2 diabetes, cancer is not a natural event and can easily be prevented in most cases with a healthy diet and lifestyle. But unlike those other diseases, cancer is not that easily reversible. Sometimes it takes decades before it’s even detected and oftentimes, that detection comes too late to save the patient’s life.
So why aren’t we being told about the ability of a whole foods, plant-based diet to prevent most cancers? I will let Dr. T. Colin Campbell (of Cornell) answer that question—with a few lines from The China Study (Chapters 1, 3 & 8)
1. Despite thirty years of the massively funded War on Cancer, we have made little progress. Contrary to what many believe, cancer is not a natural event.
2. Adopting a healthy diet and lifestyle can prevent the majority of cancers in the United States. Old age can and should be graceful and peaceful.
3. [C]asein (the protein in cow’s milk) and very likely all animal proteins, may be the most relevant cancer-causing substances that we consume.
4. There is enough evidence now that the U.S. government should be discussing the idea that the toxicity of our diet is the single biggest cause of cancer.
5. There is enough evidence now that doctors should be discussing the option of pursuing dietary change as a potential path to cancer prevention and treatment.
6. Our institutions and information providers are failing us. Even cancer organizations, at both the national and local level, are reluctant to discuss or even believe this evidence.
7. Food as a key to health represents a powerful challenge to conventional medicine, which is fundamentally built on drugs and surgery.
The good news. At least the “system” is now realizing that large scale screening (for many forms of cancer) is not getting the job done when it comes to the prevention of cancer. But the information is out there if you’re willing to look for it. Hopefully, this page will help open your eyes and help lead you to the best solution for you and your family
The bad news. The “system” still refuses to tell us all about the leading cause of cancer according to Dr. T. Colin Campbell, as stated in his book. Quite simply, it is our toxic Western diet. And our “system” NEVER fully explains to the public—exactly what we should be eating to give ourselves the best possible chance of avoiding ALL chronic diseases, including cancer.
Getting help. If you or someone you love wants to learn more about this disease before having the screening test or scheduling surgery, I recommend that you include the following dozen articles in your research. In these well-reseached blogs, there is a wealth of information which may prompt some ideas that may help you plan your strategy. Also, in case you want to consult with a “plant-based savvy” medical doctor about cancer, take a look at my MD Help page below.
For your convenience, I have provided a dozen of my earlier blogposts about cancer in general. The first one (and the last three) are all about the huge industry that cancer has become since Richard Nixon declared war on cancer in 1971. Blogs 2 through 9 provide general information about cancer that might be helpful for you and your family as you learn more about how to deal with this horrible disease.
- The “war on cancer” turns 41; now a major industry…(7-16-12)
- Early Detection; then slash, burn and poison… (5-7-12)
- Sleep Apnea Tied to Increased Cancer Risk? (5-27-12)
- Cancer survivors are on the rise. Is that good news? (6-17-12)
- So now they tell us…about “secondary cancers.” (7-20-12)
- Reversing cancer; not quite as simple as heart disease (7-26-12)
- Cancer “Breakthroughs” that Cost Too Much and Do Too Little (10-4-12)
- Who can you trust when it comes to what causes cancer? (12-13-12)
- Drugs for preventing cancer — now everyone can be a customer! (6-6-11)
- Searching for the cure—now has a life of its own. (5-18-12)
- Screening for cancer…a very big business (2-21-11)
- Riding the cancer train to fame and fortune (10-6-12)
One-on-one MD Help. Sadly, 95% of our medical doctors are not aware of the power of plant-based nutrition to prevent or reverse many chronic diseases, including some cancers. Further, oncologists can only recommend the treatment regimens for which they have been trained.
If you would like a second opinion (about prostate cancer) from a medical doctor who truly “gets it” about food, you may wish to visit our MD Help page and schedule a telephone consultation with one of the MDs listed there.
The contents of this blog now appears in the alphabetical, drop-down list below the Diseases tab. Please forward this page to anyone you know who may be interested in learning more about the causes and prevention of prostate cancer. Click here to view the list of other “diseases” that will posted soon.
Handy 4-piece take-charge-of-your-health kit—from Amazon.com
- The movie that’s changing the lives of millions: Forks Over Knives DVD
- Healthy Eating, Healthy World, The “big picture” about food (our book)
- An essential scientific resource: The China Study by Dr. T. Colin Campbell
- Dr. McDougall’s new book, The Starch Solution, with lots of great recipes.
Want to find out how healthy your family is eating? Take our free 4Leaf Diagnostic Survey. It takes less than five minutes and you can score it yourself. After taking the survey, please give me your feedback as it will be helpful in the development of our future 4Leaf app for smartphones. Send feedback to email@example.com
International. We’re now reaching people in over 100 countries. Follow us on Facebook and Twitter or get daily blog notices by “following” us in the top of the right-hand column. For occasional updates, join our periodic mailing list.
To order more of my favorite books—visit our online BookStore now
For help in your own quest to take charge of your health, you might find some useful information at our 4Leaf page or some great recipes at Lisa’s 4Leaf Kitchen. Got a question? Let me hear from you at firstname.lastname@example.org. Or give me a call on my cell at 917-399-9700.
Blogging daily at hpjmh.com…from the seaside village of Stonington, Connecticut – Be well and have a great day.
—J. Morris Hicks, board member, T. Colin Campbell Foundation | <urn:uuid:59cda46a-e68f-4cf4-8e52-92ecd46e038a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hpjmh.com/4leaf/diseases/cancer-in-general/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.937197 | 1,645 | 2.453125 | 2 |
Bone density tests determine if you have osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disease that causes bones to become more fragile and brittle, making them more likely to break.
As most folks do not want to experience the pain associated with such, it is important to get a bone density test every so often. Before the aid of modern science and enhanced technology, osteoporosis could only be determined in the event a bone had already been broken.
Unfortunately, by the time a bone breaks due to osteoporosis, the bones would be brittle and susceptible to future breaks. Thankfully, bone density tests can be performed to estimate of chance a patient could be inflicted with osteoporosis.
Women’s Imaging Specialists Expound on Bone Density Tests
Generally, a bone density test uses dual energy x-rays to measure bone loss. Specifically, bone density tests measure how many grams of calcium and other bone minerals are packed into a segment of bone.
The bones that are most commonly designated for testing are in the spine, hip and forearm. Results are reported in a T-score and Z-score. Your T-score is your bone density compared with what is normally expected in a healthy young adult of your sex.
Specifically, it is the number of units (standard deviations), that your bone density is above or below the average. Your Z-score is the number of standard deviations above or below what is normally expected for someone of your age, weight, sex and ethnic origin.
Usefulness of Bone Density Scan Tests:
– Before any bones are broken, the test can help determine if breaks are likely.
– Evaluate the risk of possibilities of bones breaking or fracturing.
– Confirm a possible osteoporosis diagnosis.
– Monitor the treatments prescribed for osteoporosis.
When You Should Get a Bone Density Test
The denser a bone is, the higher the bone mineral content is and the least likely it is to break. Bone density exams can vary by the different bone scans.
To detect fractures, cancers, infections and other bone anomalies, the bone scans will need to be injected beforehand. Osteoporosis can inflict any gender, ethnicity, or age, though it is more common in older women.
You may get a referral to get a bone density exam for the listed reasons below:
– Height loss: If you have experience losing over 1½” of your height, it is more than likely due to compression fractures in the spine. Osteoporosis is often the cause.
– Bone fractures: When a bone is so fragile that it easily breaks far more than normal, fragility fractures occur. Fragility fractures can happen with a simple cough or sneeze.
– Long term prescriptions: Steroid medications taken long-term will interfere with the bone-rebuilding process, which can lead to osteoporosis.
– Transplant patients: Anti-rejection medication can contribute to the bones not rebuilding, hence patients that have organ or bone marrow transplants can be a high risk candidate to osteoporosis.
– Decreased hormone levels: After menopause, women experience a natural drop in hormones, and estrogen can also decrease with cancer treatments. In men, prostate cancer treatments can lower a man’s testosterone levels. Bones can weaken when sex hormones are lowered. | <urn:uuid:ca36f623-4ecb-4fb0-997f-a83cf35c06c0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wispecialists.com/understanding-the-usefulness-of-osteoporosis-bone-density-scan-tests-in-athens-ga-t-score-z-score-readings-how-often/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.900794 | 692 | 3.40625 | 3 |
An air pump in a pond is a valuable tool for keeping your pond clean and habitable. Using an above-ground intake, the pump puts air out through a diffuser at the depths of the pond to create air circulation in the water. This air output helps to reduce the growth of algae that can otherwise overrun a pond. Choosing the right pump for your pond and setting it up for maximum effectiveness are simple matters of making a few measurements.
- Skill level:
- Moderately Easy
Other People Are Reading
Things you need
- Tape measure
- Rock or brick
- Boat or method of reaching the centre of the pond
- Air pump
- Ventilated weatherproof box
- Power outlet
Measure the surface area of your pond.
Tie a piece of rope around a brick or rock.
Mark on the rope 1 foot from the brick or rock and each additional foot along the rope.
Get in your boat and test the depth of the pond in multiple spots around the pond, noting the depth at the deepest point. If you know the deepest point and have a bridge or other method of reaching this point, you can test the depth at this point from there without a boat.
Multiply the depth of the deepest point in the pond by .4335. This is the pounds per square inch (PSI) that your pump must be rated for.
Choose the appropriate pump for your pond. For a small pond, like a koi pond, use a linear pump. For larger ponds with a depth less than 15 feet, use a rotary vane pump, and for larger ponds use a piston compressor. Your pump also must be rated to meet the PSI calculated.
Place your pump inside the ventilated, weatherproof enclosure near the power source.
Attach one end of the hose to the pump.
Attach the other end of the hose to the diffuser.
Place the diffuser into the pond at its deepest point.
Plug in the pump and turn it on.
- 20 of the funniest online reviews ever
- 14 Biggest lies people tell in online dating sites
- Hilarious things Google thinks you're trying to search for | <urn:uuid:694a17da-ebff-4761-ba39-228865e060cc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ehow.co.uk/how_7436586_use-air-pumps-ponds.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00505-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.87058 | 448 | 2.828125 | 3 |
New York is one of the most popular destinations in the world. There are many places which a tourist can visit in the city. Indeed, I was able to visit beautiful and famous places. A visit to these places went way beyond my expectations and imagination. On that account, I will describe my amazing visit to New York in this paper.
A visit to New York certainly gives one insight into why o many people go there each year. In fact, statistics depict that more than one million people visit New York each year (Plunz, 15). The first place that I toured was midtown so that I could get a view of the city’s impressive skyline. New York is usually described in terms of its skyline, and the skyline of all cities across the world are always measured against New York’s. My tour of Manhattan revealed that silhouette developed by the building is simply iconic. There were so many tall buildings that gave to the justification to the fact that the city has more than 100 buildings that 500 feet and above (Plunz, 56). Whereas I felt this immensity everywhere, my best experience of its was at the Top of the Rock at Rockefeller Center and observatory at the Empire State Building. After relishing the views on top of a skyscraper, I decided to take a vantage point from the ground in Midtown and Lower Manhattan.
My next visit was walking through the Times Square. Admittedly, I have been waiting for a chance like this for nearly my whole life since I have admired the views of the location by watching it in films since I was a child. The tour revealed that Times Square is where all the magic happens. No matter what time of the day, the place is always alive and crowded with people; it is epitome of a city that never sleeps. To get the greatest effect of this location, I decided to visit it after sunset so that I could be mesmerized by the big screens and bright lights. The wattage that I saw made me think that it was still daytime. I was impressed by learning that most of the area is closed to vehicles thus enabling me to walk safely across the street. Whilst there, I decided to take my dinner at an Italian restaurant located in the Ninth Avenue. I also popped in at one H&M store and was pleasantly surprised to see that the store has its own runaway. I then took a short stroll to the Sixth Avenue where I visited the Radio City Music Hall and the Museum of Modern Art where I saw some of the most impressive collection of modern art in the world.
The last place that I visited in New York City was the Statue of Liberty. This place is iconic and a tour of the site demonstrated why it is ranked so highly. The actual statue was so impressive and one can clearly see its value to American society as a whole. The guide who took us through the site was very informative and gave me insights that I was not familiar with. Overall, I can firmly assert that New York is one of the most impressive cities in the world. I will certainly return for a more comprehensive tour.
Plunz, Richard. A history of housing in New York City. Columbia University Press, 2016. | <urn:uuid:46a05aac-3726-4044-9afa-772047176279> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bestessayservices.com/blog/sample-english-essay-paper-on-description-of-my-field-visit-to-new-york/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.98328 | 652 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Insert molding yields one-piece impeller-rotor; plunger system key to quality parts
In a claimed world first, Japanese Tier I parts manufacturers are molding water impellers that feature integrated motor rotors in an insert molding process carried out on vertical presses. These electric-powered impellers employed for motor and cabin cooling are used on hybrid vehicles such as the Prius.
According to machine supplier Sodick (Yokohama, Japan), the company’s V-Line plunger system is highly suited to this application given that it prevents the formation of gas voids in the final molded parts. “These voids can be a cause of structural failure,” says Koji Maeda, sales director Sodick Korea (Seoul), who was speaking to PlasticsToday at the recent Koplas show in Seoul.
Sodick says its V-Line plunger system employing a non-reciprocating screw for plasticization results in the resin being subjected to less shear during metering and injection, and consequently less thermal degradation and offgas generation, which causes voids. Further, a unique backflow check mechanism positioned at the tip of the screw prevents backflow, which also minimizes thermal degradation.
The impeller/rotor parts are molded from glass fiber-reinforced PPS resin, with magnet inserts being placed in the tool. The cycle time is approximately 30-40 seconds. Impellers in conventionally-powered vehicles are powered by the engine and thus do not require an electric motor. The water pump impellers are molded on 75-100-tonne vertical presses in two or four cavities. | <urn:uuid:85511e4d-1d59-46e0-a35d-efc6651ebd80> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.plasticsinfomart.com/insert-molding-yields-one-piece-impeller-rotor-plunger-system-key-to-quality-parts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00384-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.918768 | 341 | 1.75 | 2 |
This site is designed to provide information about the health risks and the legal claims that may arise from the widespread marketing, prescription and use of diet drugs such as Fen-Phen, Redux and Pondimin.
Updated September 1st 2008
Fen-Phen, Redux and Pondimin
These diet drugs were removed from the market in 1997 but consumers are still suffering the health damage done by these products. The Fen Phen drugs caused heart valve damage and a frequently fatal condition known as Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) or Primary Pulmonary Hypertension (PPH). There was a class action settlement that was approved by the federal court in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania that governs the current rights on injured consumers.
In summary, legal claims or lawsuits for heart valve damage are now barred unless the injured individual registered with the America Home Products Settlement Trust. Those who are properly registered with the trust can continue to claim benefits under the terms of the class action settlement until 2011. even individuals who have received payment through the settlement trust can apply for additional settlement amounts if their condition get worse or if they need heart valve surgery. Our firm continues to be active in processing claims of fen phen users through the settlement trust.
Claims and lawsuits by individuals diagnosed with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension(PAH) and Primary Pulmonary Hypertension(PPH) are not barred by the settlement agreement. These very serious and often fatal conditions can develop many years after exposure to fen phen and according to the settlement agreement those claims are governed by the state statutes of limitations from the time of full diagnosis of the disease. Even now over ten years after fen phen was removed from the market individuals continue to come down with these diseases which are likely caused by fen phen. Our firm is continuing to review cases and represent former fen phen users who may have PAH or PPH.
American Home Products was the name of the manufacturer that made the drugs. The company has since changed its name to Wyeth.
Many members of the public may have been exposed to serious injury or death by the manufacturers, distributors and marketers of these diet drugs. Aggressive marketing of these highly profitable diet drugs has led consumers to believe that the use of these drugs is a safe easy way to lose weight. Many people had assumed that since these diet drugs were approved individually by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that extensive testing had been done proving these drugs to be safe before they were allowed on the market.Introduction
URGENT NOTICE: If you have not had an echocardiogram by January 3, 2003 you will lose your rights to bring a claim or receive compensation for any valvular heart damage that you sustained from Fen Phen diet drugs.
To protect your rights you must get an echocardiogram performed before that date.
We will review your echocardiogram report and give you a legal opinion as to your rights at no charge or obligation to you if you would like to fax it to us at 727-577-9696. | <urn:uuid:af9b5ff4-280c-4022-a130-65716948ccf0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://fen-phen-injury.com/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.97316 | 630 | 1.53125 | 2 |
So the other day I went to my Doctor for my annual checkup and blood work thinking everything was fine only to find out that I was seriously deficient in Vitamin D. At first I thought, big deal I’ll take a vitamin supplement, it can’t kill me. Then I started reading up on what Vitamin D really does in the body. The fact that I am in a dark cave most of the time didn’t help.
Vitamin D is essential for strong bones because it helps the body use calcium from your diet.
Here’s a breakdown of some possible symptoms and who it can affect:
Low vitamin D can affect all ages. Common symptoms are low back pain, muscle weakness, muscle aches, bone pain, some types of chest wall pain and leg pain.
Some other possible symptoms are:
A deteriorated immunity system: Many cells in the body contain receptor sites for this vitamin, which also contain cells of the immunity system. D vitamin reduces the chance of developing autoimmune diseases such as MS, as well as boosting the activity of the mentioned cells.
Rickets: This is an ailment where the bone tissues fail to mineralize, and results in skeletal deformities and soft bones. It usually strikes only young children, due to a vitamin D deficiency, as well as a lack of phosphorus or calcium.
Unexplained health problems: Vitamin D has many wide-ranging effects on body cells, and if you have any unexplained health indications, a blood test should be done for vitamin D deficiency.
Depression: Low levels of vitamin D are likely linked with depression, as this nutrient, according to some studies, has helped reduce seasonal depression during the winter. The disorder SAD (Seasonal Affective Disorder) may also be caused by a lack of sun-rays.
Some long term possible issues are:
Cancer: A lack of this vitamin has been shown to have a high correlation with many kinds of cancer, and avoiding the sun can increase the risk of developing other kinds of cancers by causing low vitamin D levels.
Osteoporosis: The regulation of the absorbing of calcium and the balance of calcium in the bones is an important role of this vitamin. Furthermore, a recognized symptom of a lack of this vitamin is deteriorated and weak bones, with the most severe cases resulting in osteoporosis.
While there are very good sources of Vitamin D in foods, the amounts you would have to eat can add up quickly in both calorie and cost. Milk has 100 units for 8 oz, so you would have to drink ten glasses per day to get the recommended dose. Salmon (the farmed cheaper kind) is about 200 units per 4 oz, so you would have to eat 12 oz per day. This can all add up in cost. Wild salmon is about 500 units per 4 oz. but at a price of 25$ per lb can get pretty pricy. Cod liver oil also may work but the taste can be less than desirable, but at 400 units per tsp or so 2 to 2.5 tsp is just about the right maintenance dose. Sun exposure also helps the body produce Vitamin D
So with this information adding Vitamin D to your daily supplements would be the easiest and most cost effective way to get your daily allowance. .
The evidence shows that all adults should take or eat at least 700 to 1000 units per day to prevent falls and fractures.
So go get your Vitamin D! | <urn:uuid:e1a02be6-58cd-4445-bfee-4aca7cbb0f41> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://metatouch.com/all-posts/metatouch/the-value-of-vitamin-d | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.944678 | 703 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Capacitors come in two main types: electrolytics and non-electrolytics.
There are not ideal elements, less to say, and intrinsically present Equivalent Series Resistance (the famous ESR), current leakage, dielectric absorption and, as usual with real stuff, non-linearity.
ESR is the main characteristics to consider. To me, it measures the deviation from pure capacitance as a series resistance. The value is expressed in Ohms or in tan delta (delta is the phase angle between voltage and current). The lesser the ESR is, the better. I’ll come back later about this one.
Current leakage is not a big concern with non-electrolytics but should be considered with electrolytics as a high value resistance across the capacitor terminals with generates this leakage when DC voltage is applied.
Dielectric absorption is very intuitive : it’s a kind of memory effect due to the dielectric intrinsic property. It’s not a big concern with non-electrolytics if they build with polystyrene or polypropylene dielectrics. The phenomenon is more important with electrolytics but as it’s not a source of non-linearity, it’s not a big concern too, to my opinion.
Non-linearity is a major issue because it impacts distorsion with levels from 0.001% up to 0.01%. Polyester capacitors are especially non-linear. It should not be a concern for (de)coupling or power supply filtering capacitors but it’s a real issue for RC-like filtering blocks (always think about RIAA tricky design…). My rule of thumb : try to avoid electrolytics in any frequency-sensible circuit, op-amp feedback loop or filtering block.
If you have to use electrolytics, be aware that the distorsion is linked to the voltage across the capacitor. So the higher capacitance value, the better is the linearity. If you need to use a 22uF for coupling or DC blocking, just put a 220uF.
Nevertheless, some non-electrolytics may have distorsion worse than a regular op-amp. So you’d better take time to select the best of them.
For capacitance values smaller than 1 nF, just select C0G (NP0) capacitors from a well-known manufacturer. It should work fine.
For capacitance values from 1nF to 1uF, dielectric selection is the key to get the best linearity. Polyester capacitors, cheap and most common, are not very good in terms of linearity and distorsion. Try to avoid them in RC filtering and prefer polystyrene capacitors with 1% tolerance. They are a little bit more costly but provides a decade less of distorsion in comparison to polyester capacitors. You can also achieve nice distortion figures with polypropylene capacitors though size may be a concern if you lack space on your PCB. | <urn:uuid:35e26899-0211-4d9d-87ac-a91b40e37aa4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://voltanode.com/high-end-audio-hi-fi-components-capacitors/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.906963 | 632 | 2.390625 | 2 |
What is pulmonary embolism?
Pulmonary embolism is the sudden blockage of a major blood vessel (artery) in the lung, usually by a blood clot. In most cases, the clots are small and are not deadly, but they can damage the lung. But if the clot is large and stops blood flow to the lung, it can be deadly. Quick treatment could save your life or reduce the risk of future problems.
What are the symptoms?
The most common symptoms are:
- Sudden shortness of breath.
- Sharp chest pain that is worse when you cough or take a deep breath.
- A cough that brings up pink, foamy mucus.
Pulmonary embolism can also cause more general symptoms. For example, you may feel anxious or on edge, sweat a lot, feel light-headed or faint, or have a fast heart rate or palpitations.
If you have symptoms like these, you need to see a doctor right away, especially if they are sudden and severe.
What causes pulmonary embolism?
In most cases, pulmonary embolism is caused by a blood clot in the leg that breaks loose and travels to the lungs. A blood clot in a vein close to the skin is not likely to cause problems. But having blood clots in deep veins (deep vein thrombosis) can lead to pulmonary embolism. In the United States, more than 300,000 people each year have deep vein thrombosis or a pulmonary embolism.footnote 1
Other things can block an artery, such as tumours, air bubbles, amniotic fluid, or fat that is released into the blood vessels when a bone is broken. But these are rare.
What increases your risk of pulmonary embolism?
Anything that makes you more likely to form blood clots increases your risk of pulmonary embolism. Some people are born with blood that clots too quickly. Other things that can increase your risk include:
- Being inactive for long periods. This can happen when you have to stay in bed after surgery or a serious illness, or when you sit for a long time on a flight or car trip.
- Recent surgery that involved the legs, hips, belly, or brain.
- Some diseases, such as cancer, heart failure, stroke, or a severe infection.
- Pregnancy and childbirth (especially if you had a caesarean section).
- Taking birth control pills or hormone therapy.
You are also at higher risk for blood clots if you are an older adult (especially older than 70) or extremely overweight (obese).
How is pulmonary embolism diagnosed?
It may be hard to diagnose pulmonary embolism, because the symptoms are like those of many other problems, such as a heart attack, a panic attack, or pneumonia. A doctor will start by doing a physical examination and asking questions about your past health and your symptoms. This helps the doctor decide if you are at high risk for pulmonary embolism.
Based on your risk, you might have tests to look for blood clots or rule out other causes of your symptoms. Tests may include blood tests, CT angiogram, and a ventilation-perfusion lung scan.
How is it treated?
Doctors usually treat pulmonary embolism with medicines called anticoagulants. They are often called blood thinners, but they don't really thin the blood. They help prevent new clots and keep existing clots from growing.
Most people take a blood thinner for a few months. People at high risk for blood clots may need it for the rest of their lives.
If symptoms are severe and life-threatening, "clot-busting" drugs called thrombolytics may be used. These medicines can dissolve clots quickly, but they increase the risk of serious bleeding. Another option is surgery or a minimally invasive procedure to remove the clot (embolectomy).
Some people may have a filter put into the large vein (vena cava) that carries blood from the lower body to the heart. A vena cava filter helps keep blood clots from reaching the lungs.
If you have had pulmonary embolism once, you are more likely to have it again. Blood thinners can help reduce your risk, but they increase your risk of bleeding. If your doctor prescribes blood thinners, be sure you understand how to take your medicine safely.
You can reduce your risk of pulmonary embolism by doing things that help prevent blood clots in your legs.
- Avoid sitting for long periods. Get up and walk around every hour or so, or flex your feet often.
- Get moving as soon as you can after surgery.
- Wear compression stockings if you are at high risk.
- If you take blood thinners, take them just the way your doctor tells you to.
Health Tools help you make wise health decisions or take action to improve your health.
Pulmonary embolism is caused by a blocked artery in the lungs. The most common cause of such a blockage is a blood clot that forms in a deep vein in the leg and travels to the lungs, where it becomes lodged in a smaller lung artery.
Almost all blood clots that cause pulmonary embolism are formed in the deep leg veins. Clots also can form in the deep veins of the arms or pelvis.
Sometimes blood clots develop in surface veins. But these clots rarely lead to pulmonary embolism.
In rare cases, pulmonary embolism may be caused by other substances, including:
- Small masses of infectious material.
- Fat, which can be released into the bloodstream after some types of bone fractures, surgery, trauma, or severe burns.
- Air bubbles or substances that get into the blood from trauma, surgery, or medical procedures.
- Tumours caused by rapidly growing cancer cells.
The symptoms of pulmonary embolism may include:
- Shortness of breath that may occur suddenly.
- Sudden, sharp chest pain that may become worse with deep breathing or coughing.
- Rapid heart rate.
- Rapid breathing.
- Coughing up blood or pink, foamy mucus.
- Heart palpitations.
- Signs of shock.
Pulmonary embolism may be hard to diagnose because its symptoms may occur with or are similar to other conditions, such as a heart attack, asthma, a panic attack, or pneumonia. Also, some people with pulmonary embolism don't have symptoms.
If a large blood clot blocks the artery in the lung, blood flow may be completely stopped, causing sudden death. A smaller clot reduces the blood flow and may cause damage to lung tissue. But if the clot dissolves on its own, it may not cause any major problems.
Symptoms of pulmonary embolism usually begin suddenly. Reduced blood flow to one or both lungs can cause shortness of breath and a rapid heart rate. Inflammation of the tissue covering the lungs and chest wall (pleura) can cause sharp chest pain.
Without treatment, pulmonary embolism is likely to come back.
Complications of pulmonary embolism
- Cardiac arrest and sudden death
- Abnormal heart rhythms
- Death of part of the lung, called pulmonary infarction
- A buildup of fluid (pleural effusion) between the outside lining of the lungs and the inner lining of the chest cavity
- Paradoxical embolism
- Pulmonary hypertension
Doctors will consider aggressive steps when they are treating a large, life-threatening pulmonary embolism.
Chronic or recurring pulmonary embolism
Blood clots that cause pulmonary embolism may dissolve on their own. But if you have had pulmonary embolism, you have an increased risk of a repeat episode if you do not receive treatment. If pulmonary embolism is diagnosed promptly, treatment with anticoagulant medicines may prevent new blood clots from forming.
The risk of having another pulmonary embolism caused by something other than blood clots varies. Substances that are reabsorbed into the body, such as air, fat, or amniotic fluid, usually do not increase the risk of having another episode. Cancer increases the risk of blood clots.
Having multiple episodes of pulmonary embolism can severely reduce blood flow through the lungs and heart. Over time, this increases blood pressure in the lungs (pulmonary hypertension), eventually leading to right-sided heart failure and possibly death.
What Increases Your Risk
For more information on risk factors for blood clots in the legs, see the topic Deep Vein Thrombosis.
Many things increase your risk for a blood clot. These include:
- Having slowed blood flow, abnormal clotting, and a blood vessel injury.
- Age. As people get older (especially older than age 70), they are more likely to develop blood clots.
- Weight. Being overweight increases the risk for developing clots.
- Not taking anticoagulant medicine as prescribed, unless your doctor tells you to stop taking it.
Slowed blood flow
When blood does not circulate normally, clots are more likely to develop. Reduced circulation may result from:
- Long-term bedrest, such as if you are confined to bed after an operation, injury, or serious illness.
- Travelling and sitting for a long time, especially when travelling long distances by airplane.
- Leg paralysis. When you use your muscles, the muscles contract, and that squeezes the blood vessels in and around the muscles. The squeezing helps the blood move back toward the heart. Paralysis can reduce circulation because the muscles can't contract.
Some people have blood that clots too easily or too quickly. People with this problem are more likely to form larger clots that can break loose and travel to the lungs. Conditions that may cause increased clotting include:
- Inherited factors. Some people have an inherited tendency to develop blood clots that can lead to pulmonary embolism.
- Family history of close relatives, such as a sibling, who has had deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.
- Cancer and its treatment.
- Blood vessel diseases, such as varicose veins, heart attack, heart failure, or a stroke.
- Pregnancy. A woman's risk for developing blood clots increases both during pregnancy and shortly after delivery.
- Using hormone therapy or birth control pills or patches.
Injury to the blood vessel wall
Blood is more likely to clot in veins and arteries shortly after they are injured. Injury to a vein can be caused by:
- Recent surgery that involved the legs, hips, belly, or brain.
- A tube (catheter) placed in a large vein of the body (central venous catheter).
- Damage from an injury, such as a broken hip, serious burn, or serious infection.
When should you call your doctor?
or other emergency services immediately if you think you have symptoms of pulmonary embolism.
- Sudden shortness of breath.
- Sharp chest pain that sometimes gets worse with deep breathing or coughing.
- Coughing up blood.
- Rapid pulse or irregular heartbeat.
- Anxiety or sweating.
Call your doctor now if you have symptoms of a blood clot in the leg, including:
- Swelling, warmth, or tenderness in the soft tissues of your leg. Swelling may also appear as a swollen ridge along a blood vessel that you can feel.
- Pain in your leg that gets worse when you stand or walk. This is especially important if there is also swelling or redness in your leg.
Blood clots in the deep veins of the leg are the most common cause of pulmonary embolism.
Examinations and Tests
Diagnosing pulmonary embolism is difficult, because there are many other medical conditions, such as a heart attack or an anxiety attack, that can cause similar symptoms.
Diagnosis depends on an accurate and thorough medical history and ruling out other conditions. Your doctor will need to know about your symptoms and risk factors for pulmonary embolism. This information, combined with a careful physical examination, will point to the initial tests that are best suited to diagnose a deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.
Tests that are often done if you have shortness of breath or chest pain include:
- A chest X-ray. Results may rule out an enlarged heart or pneumonia as a cause of your symptoms. If the chest X-ray is normal, you may need further testing.
- Electrocardiogram (EKG, ECG). The electrical activity of the heart is recorded with this test. EKG results will help rule out a possible heart attack.
Further testing may include:
- D-dimer. A D-dimer blood test measures a substance that is released when a blood clot breaks up. D-dimer levels are usually high in people with pulmonary embolism.
- CT (computed tomography) scan or CT angiogram. These tests might be done to look for a pulmonary embolism or for a blood clot that may cause a pulmonary embolism.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This test may be used to view clots in the lungs.
- Doppler ultrasound. A Doppler ultrasound test uses reflected sound waves to determine whether a blood clot is present in the large veins of the legs.
- Echocardiogram (echo). This test detects abnormalities in the size or function of the heart's right ventricle, which may be a sign of pulmonary embolism.
- Ventilation-perfusion scanning. This test scans for abnormal blood flow through the lungs after a radioactive tracer has been injected and you breathe a radioactive gas.
- Pulmonary angiogram. This invasive test is done only in rare cases to diagnose pulmonary embolism.
After your doctor has determined that you have a pulmonary embolism, other tests can help guide treatment and suggest how well you will recover. These tests may include:
Treatment of pulmonary embolism focuses on preventing future pulmonary embolism by using anticoagulant medicines. Anticoagulants prevent existing blood clots from growing larger and help prevent new ones from developing.
If symptoms are severe and life-threatening, immediate and sometimes aggressive treatment is needed. Aggressive treatment may include thrombolytic medicines, which can dissolve a blood clot quickly but also increase the risk of severe bleeding. Another option for life-threatening, large pulmonary embolism is to remove the clot. This is called an embolectomy. An embolectomy is done during a surgery or minimally invasive procedure.
Some people may also benefit from having a vena cava filter inserted into the large central vein of the body. This filter can help prevent blood clots from reaching the lungs. This filter might be used if you have problems taking an anticoagulant.
The risk of forming another blood clot is highest in the weeks after the first episode of pulmonary embolism. This risk decreases over time. But the risk remains high for months and sometimes years, depending upon what caused the pulmonary embolism. People with recurrent blood clots and/or pulmonary embolism may have to take anticoagulants daily for the rest of their lives. Anticoagulant medicines also are often used for people who are not active due to illness or injury, or people who are having surgery on the legs, hips, belly, or brain.
Other preventive methods may also be used, such as:
- Getting you moving shortly after surgery.
- Wearing compression stockings to help prevent leg deep vein thrombosis if you are at increased risk for this condition.
Take steps to prevent blood clots from travel, such as walking around every hour. Because of long periods of inactivity, you are at higher risk for blood clots when you are travelling.
If you are already at high risk for pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis, talk to your doctor before taking a long flight or car trip. Ask if you need to take any special precautions to prevent blood clots during travel.
Home treatment is not recommended for initial treatment for pulmonary embolism. But it is important for preventing more clots from developing and causing a deep vein thrombosis, which can lead to recurring pulmonary embolism.
Measures that reduce your risk for developing a deep vein thrombosis include the following:
- Take anticoagulant medicines exactly as prescribed.
- Exercise. Keep blood moving in your legs by pointing your toes up toward your head so that your calves are stretched, then relaxing. Repeat. This exercise is especially important when you are sitting for long periods of time, for example, on long driving trips or airplane flights.
- Get up out of bed as soon as possible after an illness or surgery. It is very important to get moving as soon as you are able. If you cannot get out of bed, do the leg exercises described above every hour to keep the blood moving through your legs.
- Quit smoking.
- Wear compression stockings to help prevent leg deep vein thrombosis if you are at increased risk for this condition.
For more information on how to prevent clots from developing, see the topic Deep Vein Thrombosis.
Medicines can help prevent repeated episodes of pulmonary embolism by preventing new blood clots from forming or preventing existing clots from getting larger.
Anticoagulants are prescribed when pulmonary embolism is diagnosed or strongly suspected.
You'll likely take an anticoagulant for at least 3 months after pulmonary embolism to reduce the risk of having another blood clot.footnote 2 Treatment with anticoagulants may continue throughout your life if the risk of having another pulmonary embolism remains high.
Different types of anticoagulants are used to treat pulmonary embolism. Talk with your doctor to decide which medicine is right for you.
In the hospital, you might be given an anticoagulant as a shot or through an IV. After you go home, you might give yourself shots for a few days. For the long term, you'll likely take a pill.
Safety tips for anticoagulants
If you take an anticoagulant, you can take steps to prevent bleeding. This includes preventing injuries and getting regular blood tests if needed.
Clot-dissolving (thrombolytic) medicines are not commonly used to treat pulmonary embolism. Although they can quickly dissolve a blood clot, thrombolytics also greatly increase the risk of serious bleeding. They are sometimes used to treat a life-threatening pulmonary embolism.
The removal of a clot is called an embolectomy. An embolectomy might be done during a surgery. Or it might be done with a minimally invasive procedure that uses a catheter (a thin tube that is guided through a blood vessel). This type of treatment for pulmonary embolism is used only in rare cases. It is considered for people who can't have other kinds of treatment or those whose clot is so dangerous that they can't wait for medicine to work. An embolectomy also may be an option for a person whose condition is stable but who shows signs of significant reduced blood flow in the pulmonary artery.
What to think about
Surgery increases the risk of forming new blood clots that can cause another pulmonary embolism.
If surgery or medicines are not options, other methods of preventing pulmonary embolism may be considered, such as a vena cava filter.
Other treatment choices
A vena cava filter may be inserted in the large central vein that passes through the abdomen and returns blood from the body to the heart (vena cava). This filter can prevent blood clots in the leg or pelvic veins from travelling to the lungs and heart. These filters may be permanent or removable.
What to think about
Vena cava filters aren't typically recommended as the first treatment for pulmonary embolism. But they may be used in some people. For example, they may be used if a person cannot take anticoagulant medicine.
Vena cava filters can cause serious health problems if they break or become blocked with one or more blood clots.
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2008). The Surgeon General's call to action to prevent deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Available online: http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/calls/deepvein/index.html.
- Guyatt GH, et al. (2012). Executive summary: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed.—American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest, 141(2, Suppl): 7S–47S.
Current as of:
July 6, 2021
Author: Healthwise Staff
E. Gregory Thompson MD - Internal Medicine
Anne C. Poinier MD - Internal Medicine
Adam Husney MD - Family Medicine
Martin J. Gabica MD - Family Medicine
Jeffrey S. Ginsberg MD - Hematology
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If you are looking for health services in your community, you can use the HealthLinkBC Directory to find hospitals, clinics, and other resources. | <urn:uuid:8ddfc761-ba65-4080-8d30-f5d4c4711d26> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/health-topics/pulmonary-embolism | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.925506 | 4,770 | 3.421875 | 3 |
Cross-Sequential Results on Creativity Development in Childhood Within two Different School Systems: Divergent Performances in Luxembourg Versus German Kindergarten and Elementary School Students
University of Trier, Trier
Université du Luxembourg, Luxembourg
The aim of the study is conducting methodologically sound, cross-sequential analyses of the creativity development of children attending different school systems. Culture-free tests of creativity (ideational fluency and flexibility) and intelligence were administered in 5 cohorts (two kindergarten and first three elementary school years), which were retested in three consecutive years. Samples include 244 Luxembourg and 312 German children enrolled in educational systems with obligatory kindergarten and 6-year comprehensive elementary school versus optional kindergarten, 4-year comprehensive elementary school and educational placement thereafter. Results demonstrate (1) linear increases in intelligence, (2) declines of divergent performances after school enrollment in both samples, (3) increases in divergent performances up to the 5th elementary school year in Luxembourg and up to the 3rd elementary school year in Germany (i.e., the next to last school year before educational placement) followed by a second creativity slump. Cross-sequential results confirm discontinuities in the development of divergent productions in childhood. | <urn:uuid:f932f2ac-a0cd-47e0-a120-87b816c113ab> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ejop.psychopen.eu/index.php/ejop/article/view/468 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.929909 | 262 | 1.828125 | 2 |
It was Wynford Dore’s quest to find a solution to his daughter Susie’s problems that sparked the remarkable breakthrough at the heart of the Dore Programme. Now, six years after its inception, the groundbreaking, drug-free programme for dyslexia and associated learning difficulties has been introduced in South Africa following remarkable success with over 25 000 patients in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia.
Dore, the founder of the pioneering programme which boasts a 93% success rate, will visit the country to present material at two evening talks in Durban on Monday 24th July and Tuesday 25th July. His presentations coincide with the recent launch of a local DORE Achievement Centre in Durban North, which will provide children, their parents and adults experiencing the often devastating effects of these conditions, the opportunity to live a life with largely improved quality and meaning.
Dore developed his programme, previously known as DDAT, after his own experience of almost losing his severely dyslexic and deeply depressed eldest daughter to suicide.
Despite Dore being a multimillionaire after 25 successful years in the UK steel industry and owning a boat in Spain, his life was anything but plain sailing. Susie’s severe dyslexia made her slow at school, isolated, withdrawn and eventually suicidal.
Says Dore, “People regarded me as hugely successful, but I believe you’re only successful if your children are happy. Susie had difficulty with basic skills such as reading and writing, which meant that she suffered hugely from low self-esteem and lack of confidence, preventing her from enjoying the quality of life that the rest of us take for granted.” She would say things like, ‘Why am I different to everyone else?’ or ‘Why do they call me stupid?’ or ‘Why do they call me lazy when I am trying my hardest?’
Susie’s regression continued into adulthood, while her siblings went on to University and pursued successful careers. It was her desperate attempt at taking her own life which catapulted Wynford into action and convinced him to read every book available on the subject, eventually ploughing his own wealth into research and testing.
This led him to the work of American dyslexia expert Harold Levinson, who prescribed a cocktail of drugs for what he argued was the root cause of learning difficulties - an underdeveloped area at the base of the brain called the cerebellum, which controls co-ordination.
Dore’s research showed how the cerebellum could be strengthened to overcome learning difficulties generally manifested in conditions like Dyslexia, Dyspraxia, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or Asperger’s Syndrome.
He immediately set up a team of medical researchers who began the dedicated search for an alternative to existing stimulant drug treatments, to ensure that the root cause of these problems was treated.
Susie was the first to be treated through the programme’s exercise-based treatment, which approaches the conditions as neurological in nature, rather than as an education or parenting issue. It was her remarkable response to the treatment, which encouraged Wynford to develop the programme further, eventually setting up the first DORE Achievement Centre in the UK to overwhelming interest.
Dore understands the frustrations of many parents when existing remedies are not always effective. “Ultimately this approach failed Susie, creating great distress to her and to those of us who had to watch her suffer.”
The Dore Programme involves no drugs, just a simple course of individually-tailored, repetitive exercises that stimulate the cerebellum on a daily basis. The clinically proven, customised, eye, balance and sensory exercises attack the physiological cause of learning difficulties and their symptoms. Adults and children over the age of seven years old who participate in the Dore programme will undergo individualised physical exercises. The programme makes use of sophisticated equipment that can test clients’ compatibility with the programme and the degree to which they are affected. Exercises vary from juggling to balancing, using apparatus which are no more complicated than bean bags and ‘wobble boards’.
Dore’s personal experience of the anguish that problems like these can cause to sufferers and their families means that the Dore Programme is informed by a real understanding of its patients and their families. That sense of personal involvement is clear at every level in the Programme, where the philosophy is to treat all patients as individuals. An experienced team of doctors, therapists and assistants at each DORE Achievement Centre share a real enthusiasm for their work and pride themselves on a friendly and supportive approach.
As he says, “What good is it being a multimillionaire if your child is miserable? Susie’s experiences triggered what has become my life’s passion – to find a solution to learning and behaviour difficulties. Today she is a happy confident person exceeding her wildest dreams about what life could offer her."
For more information visit www.dore.co.za or send an e-mail to email@example.com | <urn:uuid:06b09302-55c1-44b4-853d-7bcc8ed2abaf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.health24.com/Parenting/Child/Parenting/Fathers-devotion-to-help-child-20120721 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00282-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969649 | 1,053 | 2.046875 | 2 |
UNStudio has introduced aspects of Undertaking H1, a self-explained “10-minute city” masterplan for Seoul, South Korea. Developed on an existing industrial website and railway area, the 5.4 million square foot (504,000 sq. meter) neighborhood saw a collaboration amongst UNStudio a the firm’s research wing UNSense to develop a system which prioritizes real-time electronic urban programs.
The studio describes this mix of a physical urban program and an extra engineering layer as “a entirely digitally serviced community to boost the every day life of the inhabitants and free up time for leisure pursuits.” The digital infrastructure will also be made use of to take care of electricity output and usage, as effectively as communal spaces cultivated for regional food generation.
“For the H1 masterplan we have aimed to develop the ultimate modern 10-minute town, wherever the daily lifetime practical experience of the people is the best precedence,” spelled out UNStudio founder Ben van Berkel in a assertion. “We do this as a result of the inclusion of a loaded density of uplifting, curated on-web page encounters that provide an substantial vary of choices for how they can commit their living, doing work and leisure time, therefore also saving them the time necessary to vacation in other places in the city – mainly because with time that is saved, far more time is developed.”
The form of the masterplan was inspired by the topography of close by mountains, ensuing in constant inexperienced spaces weaving by means of tall sweeping kinds. The web-site is divided into two principal zones, the greater of which properties a blended-use plot of 8 residential towers. The towers stand on what the layout group refers to as Stepping Stones: road-level leisure areas for commercial, instructional, and cultural employs. Running by way of the plot, a retail-dependent avenue mall houses cinemas, a community heart, and a kindergarten.
The residences previously mentioned are primarily based on a Radial typology, with variants in measurement for various family or tenant configurations. The flats are also developed with flexible home furnishings, including a ‘Living Wall’ process that allows distinctive spatial configurations whilst housing various good capabilities and gadgets. In an effort to reduce city loneliness and isolation in higher-rises, the towers integrate shared areas and joint facilities on each flooring, as effectively as multi-goal local community spaces on the entrance stage of each individual condominium tower, the place residents can produce their own unique shared applications.
The style places an emphasis on out of doors dwelling, with crucial landscaped elements comprising cultivated gardens, parks, and themed environmentally friendly roofs, and significantly less cultivated landscapes and character zones. This emphasis on “productive landscapes” also extends to aspects focusing on physical fitness, foodstuff, and clean up power, this kind of as climbing walls, community jogging tracks, hydroponics, and city farming.
Responding to Seoul’s standing for sudden heavy rainfall, most horizontal surfaces in the masterplan are included in a thick layer of soil that captures the rainwater and feeds it into a drinking water filtration technique for storage and irrigation. Meanwhile, basement-level waste collectors gather natural waste to establish compost for city farming.
The scheme is a single of various significant commissions unveiled by UNStudio in latest months. In July, the agency was chosen as the successful competition entrant for both of those the Sochi Waterfront in Russia and the Chungnam Art Museum in South Korea. Also in July, the organization joined Big in investing in the virtual co-working platform SpaceForm, when in May possibly, the company unveiled types for an arts and meeting middle in Eindhoven topped by a cantilevering auditorium. | <urn:uuid:22e78cd1-107d-4683-8278-65d6e151a586> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://handsonhydroponics.com/10-moment-city-masterplan-for-seoul-unveiled-by-unstudio-news/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.93951 | 772 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Trump's new fake news: fake social media
President Trump, using more anecdote than evidence, is doing unto Google, Facebook and Twitter what he helped do to mainstream media: persuade a big chunk of America they are biased — and fake.
What's new: "Fake social" and "fake search" are the new "fake news" in the mind of Trump’s inner circle.
- A new poll by Media Research Center/McLaughlin & Associates, reported first by Axios' Alayna Treene, showed the attacks are working: 65% of self-described conservatives believe that social media companies purposely censor the right.
- A Trump operative tells me: "It's risen to the level of being an emotional or gut issue with conservatives, like guns/immigration. It's an issue that's here to stay."
- Be smart: Conservatives charged bias and lies in mainstream news and then created right-wing alternatives. It should come as no surprise if they do the same two-step process to the modern form of distributing that news.
Donald Trump Jr., who has 3 million Twitter followers and 1.3 million Instagram followers, told me there is "exactly zero doubt in my mind" that tech bias is real: "I don't think [this issue] is going away, because I don't think it's changing."
- The president's oldest son, reflecting Trumpworld's growing appetite for action against Big Tech, said the companies need to self-regulate better: "Many of these platforms get many benefits from the government."
Don Jr. tells Axios that if a Trump supporter in the tech world created a conservative, Facebook-like social network, he would urge Trump supporters to switch to it.
- When I asked him if his father's 2020 campaign might build such a platform, Don Jr. said: "I'd love to do it. But what I would prefer is, take one of the two Silicon Valley conservatives and let them start it. And then I'd help promote the platform and be all over that."
- Scary thought: Imagine tribal news delivered via tribal pipes. And, as one mischievous Trump adviser told us, imagine the president moving his Twitter show to that network.
House Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.), the likely Speaker if the GOP keeps the House, has driven the tech-bias issue among conservatives for months, and pushed a #StopTheBias hashtag that the president tweeted yesterday.
- McCarthy told me: "The companies cannot sit back and say nothing is happening. Algorithms are written by people. Everybody has some bias in them. Anyone claims they don't have bias, they're not human."
- McCarthy — who has had many conversations with Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey, and gives him credit for engaging on an issue many in the industry have dodged — said: "People are using the power of their own philosophy in a tool that was created to level the playing field ... the Internet itself."
- On the idea of a conservative social platform, McCarthy said he'd rather fix the ones we have: "If we're only talking to people we agree with, that's not healthy for this country."
Why it matters: Top Republicans tell us this will be a major line of escalated attack at a congressional hearing next week with Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg and Dorsey.
- Axios managing editor Kim Hart told me: "Trump has essentially hijacked the upcoming hearings. Classic Trump tactic that will likely rain on [the senators' intended] parade on the disinformation front, and shift the focus to something that ... resonates more with his base."
The takeaway: Axios' Dan Primack said on his "Pro Rata" podcast: "What Trump’s doing here seems to be part of a larger trend of discrediting not just specific media outlets or specific stories, but the idea of media in general."
- Primack said Trump is "basically telling his supporters: Don’t believe what you read. Don’t believe what’s in your Facebook feed or your Twitter feed or your Google search results. It’s all rigged." | <urn:uuid:6a742679-00bb-4ebf-bfa5-5c46ebdb58e2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.axios.com/2018/08/30/donald-trump-social-media-twitter-google-conservatives | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.961514 | 857 | 1.710938 | 2 |
|Species:|| E. ferus|
| Equus ferus|
The wild horse (Equus ferus) is a species of the genus Equus, which includes as subspecies both the domesticated horse as well as the undomesticated Tarpan and Przewalski's Horse. The Tarpan became extinct in the 19th century, and Przewalski's Horse was saved from the brink of extinction and reintroduced successfully to the wild. The most likely ancestor of the domestic horse was the Tarpan, which roamed the steppes of Eurasia at the time of domestication. Since the extinction of the Tarpan, attempts have been made to reconstruct the phenotype of the Tarpan, resulting in horse breeds such as the Konik and Heck horse. However, the genetic makeup and foundation bloodstock of those breeds is substantially derived from domesticated horses, and therefore these breeds possess domesticated traits.
The term "wild horse" is also used colloquially to refer to free roaming herds of feral horses such as the Mustang in the United States, the Brumby in Australia, and many others. These feral horses are untamed members of the domestic horse subspecies (Equus ferus caballus), and should not be confused with the two truly "wild" horse subspecies.
Subspecies and their history
E. ferus had several subspecies. Three survived into modern times:
- The Domestic horse (Equus ferus caballus).
- The Tarpan or Eurasian Wild Horse (Equus ferus ferus), once native to Europe and western Asia. The Tarpan became effectively extinct in the late 19th century, and the last specimen died in captivity in a Ukraine zoo in 1918 or 1919.
- Przewalski's Horse (Equus ferus przewalskii), also known as the Mongolian Wild Horse or Takhi, native to Central Asia and the Gobi Desert.
These are the only two never-domesticated "wild" groups that survived into historic times. However, other subspecies of Equus ferus may have existed and could have been the stock from which domesticated horses are descended.
Przewalski's Horse occupied the eastern Eurasian steppes, perhaps from the Urals to Mongolia, although the ancient border between Tarpan and Przewalski distributions has not been clearly defined. Przewalski's Horse was limited to Dzungaria and western Mongolia in the same period, became extinct in the wild during the 1960s, but was re-introduced in the late 1980s to two preserves in Mongolia. Although researchers such as Marija Gimbutas theorized that the horses of the Chalcolithic period were Przewalski's, more recent genetic studies indicate that Przewalski's Horse is not an ancestor to modern domesticated horses.
Przewalski's Horse is still found today, though it is an endangered species and for a time was considered extinct in the wild. Roughly 1500 Przewalski's Horses are protected in zoos around the world. A small breeding population has been reintroduced in Mongolia. As of 2005, a cooperative venture between the Zoological Society of London and Mongolian Scientists has resulted in a free-ranging population of 248 animals in the wild.
Przewalski's Horse has some biological differences from the domestic horse; unlike domesticated horses and the Tarpan, which both have 64 chromosomes, Przewalski's Horse has 66 chromosomes due to a Robertsonian translocation. However, the offspring of Przewalski and domestic horses are fertile, possessing 65 chromosomes.
Evolution and taxonomy
The horse family Equidae and the genus Equus evolved in North America, before the species moved into the Eastern Hemisphere. Studies using ancient DNA as well as DNA of recent individuals, shows the presence of two closely related horse species in North America, the Wild Horse and the "New World stilt-legged horse;" the latter is taxonomically assigned to various names. Currently, three subspecies that lived during recorded human history are recognized. One subspecies is the widespread domestic horse (Equus ferus caballus), as well as two wild subspecies, the recently-extinct Tarpan (Equus ferus ferus) and the endangered Przewalski's Horse (Equus ferus przewalskii). Genetically, the pre-domestication horse, Equus ferus ferus, and domesticated horse, Equus ferus caballus, form a single homogeneous group (clade) and are genetically indistinguishable from each other. The genetic variation within this clade shows only a limited regional variation, with a notable exception of Przewalski's Horse. Przewalski's Horse has several unique genetic differences that distinguishes it from the other subspecies, including 66 instead of 64 chromosomes, unique Y-chromosome gene haplotypes, and unique mtDNA haplotypes. Besides genetic differences, osteological evidence from across the Eurasian wild horse range, based on cranial and metacarpal differences, indicates the presence of only two subspecies in post-glacial times, the Tarpan and Przewalski's Horse.
Scientific naming of the species
At present, the domesticated and wild horses are considered a single species, with the valid scientific name for the horse species being Equus ferus. The wild Tarpan subspecies is Equus ferus ferus, Przewalski's Horse is Equus ferus przewalski, and the domesticated horse is Equus ferus caballus. The rules for the scientific naming of animal species are determined in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, which stipulates that the oldest available valid scientific name is used to name the species. Previously, when taxonomists considered domesticated and wild horse two subspecies of the same species, the valid scientific name was Equus caballus Linnaeus 1758 , with the subspecies labeled Equus caballus caballus (domesticated horse), Equus caballus ferus Boddaert, 1785 (tarpan) and Equus caballus przewalskii Poliakov, 1881 (Przewalski's Horse). However, in 2003, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature decided that the scientific names of the wild species have priority over the scientific names of domesticated species, therefore mandating the use of Equus ferus for the horse, independent of the position of the domesticated horse.
Difference from feral horses
Horses that live in an untamed state but have ancestors who have been domesticated are not truly "wild" horses; they are feral horses. For example, when Europeans reintroduced the horse to the Americas beginning in the late 15th century, some horses escaped and formed feral herds, the best-known being the Mustang. The Australian equivalent to the Mustang is the Brumby, descended from horses strayed or let loose in Australia by English settlers. There are isolated populations of feral horses in a number of places, including Portugal, Scotland, and a number of barrier islands along the Atlantic coast of North America from Sable Island off Nova Scotia, to the Shackleford Banks of North Carolina. While these are often referred to as "wild" horses, they are not truly "wild" in the biological sense of having no domesticated ancestors.
In 1995, British and French explorers discovered a new population of horses in the Riwoche Valley of Tibet, unknown to the rest of the world, but apparently used by the local Khamba people. It was speculated that the horse might be a relic population of wild horses, but testing did not reveal genetic differences with domesticated horses, which is in line with news reports indicating that they are used as pack and riding animals by the local villagers. These horses only stand 12 hands (48 inches, 122 cm) tall and are said to resemble the images known as "horse no 2" depicted in cave paintings alongside images of Przewalski's horse.
- ↑ "The First Horses: The Przewalskii and Tarpan Horses", The legacy of the horse (International Museum of the Horse), http://www.kyhorsepark.com/museum/history.php?chapter=34, retrieved 2009-02-18
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Groves, Colin P. (1994). Boyd, Lee and Katherine A. Houpt.. ed. The Przewalski Horse: Morphology, Habitat and Taxonomy. Przewalski's Horse: The History and Biology of an Endangered Species.. Albany, New YorkColin P. Groves: State University of New York Press. http://www.noanswersingenesis.org.au/cg_przewalski_horse.htm.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kavar, Tatjana; Peter Dovč (2008). "Domestication of the horse: Genetic relationships between domestic and wild horses". Livestock Science 116: 1–14. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2008.03.002.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Weinstock, J.; et al. (2005). "Evolution, systematics, and phylogeography of Pleistocene horses in the New World: a molecular perspective". PLoS Biology 3 (8): e241. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0030241. PMID 15974804. PMC 1159165. http://biology.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0030241&ct=1. Retrieved 2008-12-19.
- ↑ Bowling, Ann T.; Anatoly Ruvinsky (2000). "Genetic Aspects of Domestication, Breeds and Their Origin". in Ann T. Bowling, Anatoly Ruvinsky. The Genetics of the Horse. CABI Publishing. ISBN 9780851994291. http://books.google.com/books?id=ZL3A097IbjsC.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder, ed (2005). "Equus caballus". Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=14100015.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Colin Groves, 1986, "The taxonomy, distribution, and adaptations of recent Equids," In Richard H. Meadow and Hans-Peter Uerpmann, eds., Equids in the Ancient World, volume I, pp. 11-65, Wiesbaden: Ludwig Reichert Verlag.
- ↑ "Przewalski's Horse," Smithsonian National Zoological Park, accessed June 25, 2006
- ↑ "An extraordinary return from the brink of extinction for worlds last wild horse" ZSL Living Conservation, December 19, 2005.
- ↑ The American Museum of Natural History When Is a Wild Horse Actually a Feral Horse?
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Orlando, L.; et al. (2008). "Ancient DNA Clarifies the Evolutionary History of American Late Pleistocene Equids". Journal of Molecular Evolution 66 (5): 533–538. doi:10.1007/s00239-008-9100-x. PMID 18398561.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Cai, Dawei; Zhuowei Tang, Lu Han, Camilla F. Speller, Dongya Y. Yang, Xiaolin Ma, Jian'en Cao, Hong Zhu, Hui Zhou (2009). "Ancient DNA provides new insights into the origin of the Chinese domestic horse". Journal of Archaeological Science 36 (3): 835–842. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2008.11.006.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Vilà, Carles; Jennifer A. Leonard, Anders Götherström, Stefan Marklund, Kaj Sandberg, Kerstin Lidén, Robert K. Wayne, Hans Ellegren (2001). [10.1126/science.291.5503.474 "Widespread Origins of Domestic Horse Lineages"]. Science 291 (5503): 474–477. doi:10.1126/science.291.5503.474. PMID 11161199. 10.1126/science.291.5503.474.
- ↑ Benirschke, Poliakoff K.; N. Malouf, R. J. Low, H. Heck (16 April 1965). "Chromosome Complement: Differences between Equus caballus and Equus przewalskii". Science 148 (3668): 382–383. doi:10.1126/science.148.3668.382.
- ↑ Lau, Allison; Lei Peng, Hiroki Goto, Leona Chemnick, Oliver A. Ryder, Kateryna D. Makova (2009). "Horse Domestication and Conservation Genetics of Przewalski’s Horse Inferred from Sex Chromosomal and Autosomal Sequences". Mol. Biol. Evol. 26 (1): 199–208. doi:10.1093/molbev/msn239. PMID 18931383.
- ↑ Jansen, Thomas, Peter Forster, Marsha A. Levine, Hardy Oelke, Matthew Hurles, Colin Renfrew, Jürgen Weber, and Klaus Olek (August 6, 2002). "Mitochondrial DNA and the origins of the domestic horse". Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 99 (16): 10905–10910. doi:10.1073/pnas.152330099. PMID 12130666. PMC 125071. http://www.pnas.org/content/99/16/10905.full?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&titleabstract=horse+domestication&searchid=1051564254954_7106&stored_search=&FIRSTINDEX=0. Retrieved 2008-12-18.
- ↑ Eisenmann, Vera (1998). "Quaternary Horses: possible candidates to domestication". The Horse: its domestication, diffusion and role in past communities. Proceedings of the XIII International Congress of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences, Forli, Italia, 8–14 September 1996. 1. ABACO Edizioni. pp. 27–36.
- ↑ International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (2003). "Usage of 17 specific names based on wild species which are pre-dated by or contemporary with those based on domestic animals (Lepidoptera, Osteichthyes, Mammalia): conserved. Opinion 2027 (Case 3010).". Bull.Zool.Nomencl. 60 (1): 81–84. http://www.iczn.org/BZNMar2003opinions.htm#opinion2027.
- ↑ Linnaeus, Carolus (1758). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae :secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis.. 1 (10th ed.). Holmiae (Laurentii Salvii). p. 73. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726976. Retrieved 30 January 2009.
- ↑ Nimmo, D. G., & Miller, K. K. (2007) Ecological and human dimensions of management of feral horses in Australia: A review. Wildlife Research 34: 408–417.
- ↑ Dohner, Janet Vorwald (2001). "Equines: Natural History". in Dohner, Janet Vorwald. Historic and Endangered Livestock and Poultry Breeds. Topeka, KS: Yale University Press. pp. 400–401. ISBN 978-0300088809.
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 Peissel, Michel (2002). Tibet: the secret continent. Macmillan. p. 36. ISBN 0312309538, 9780312309534. http://books.google.com/books?id=6sFWvuBug8IC&pg=PA36&lpg=PA36&dq=riwoche+horse&source=bl&ots=nZu3B3ma-4&sig=0XueNyuhggPusJxgJ3fP37ZkSRQ&hl=en&ei=hompSpL4GZOesgOspN2UBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8#v=onepage&q=riwoche%20horse&f=false.
- ↑ Humi, Peter (17 November 1995). "Tibetan discovery is 'horse of a different color'". CNN. http://www-cgi.cnn.com/WORLD/9511/tibet_pony/index.html. Retrieved 2009-09-09.
- Equid Specialist Group 1996. Equus ferus. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 22 May 2006 from http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php?species=41763.
- Moelman, P.D. 2002. Equids. Zebras, Assess and Horses. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SSC Equid Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. (http://www.iucn.org/themes/ssc/publications/actionplans.htm#Equids2002) | <urn:uuid:9e332163-e046-4141-8947-e04505c4758b> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.wikihorseworld.com/wiki/Asiatic_Wild_Horse | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721387.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00447-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.801635 | 3,892 | 3.6875 | 4 |
Fraud, Waste and Abuse Reporting
Fraud, waste, or abuse can be related to the expenditure of state funds for:
- The General Appropriations Act-expenditures by state agencies, colleges, and universities or use of state grant money
- The federal stimulus or American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
- Hurricane Ike
Texas Government Code, Section 321.022, requires state agencies to report suspected fraud or unlawful conduct to the State Auditor's Office if there are facts (not just mere suspicion) that point to fraud or unlawful conduct. Persons or entities reporting fraud to the State Auditor's Office (SAO) do not have to establish probable cause and/or have a suspect.
To report fraud, waste or abuse occurring at a Texas state agency, college, or university call the State Auditor's Office (SAO) Hotline at 1-800-TX-AUDIT (892-8348) or you can go to the SAO's website. Persons who report fraud may choose to remain anonymous.
Last Updated: 8/11/2015 8:07:45 AM | <urn:uuid:d132777e-1607-45ea-a07f-b7844b003350> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.rrc.texas.gov/site-policies/railroad-commission-of-texas-site-policies/fraud-waste-and-abuse-reporting/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00150-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.884636 | 223 | 1.796875 | 2 |
How the Sharing Economy Can Disrupt Your Business
Exponential Wisdom Podcast Episode 9 Preview: How the Sharing Economy Can Disrupt Your Business My friend Dan Sullivan and I discuss the sharing economy and how it will disrupt every industry. To hear the full episode: http://www.abundance360summit.com/podcast/2015/09/21/episode-9-how-the-sharing-economy-can-disrupt-your-business/ or Subscribe on iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/exponential-wisdom/id1001794471?mt=2&ls=1
The Prisoner's Dilemma
The prisoners dilemma is a hypothetical game set up showing a situation where people won't want to work together even when it's beneficial to do so. It's just a long way of saying people don't like to be taken advantage of. Is often game theory 101. | <urn:uuid:5d6bbd7e-1117-41e2-8330-6a9602f0556c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://imglance.com/2015/10/27/the-uber-review-system-explained-and-explored | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280899.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00576-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.90268 | 193 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Jump to:Page Content
CAMBRIDGE MA -- Nobel Peace Prize winner and democracy activist Aung San Suu Kyiwill deliver the annual Godkin Lecture at Harvard Kennedy School on September 27th. The event will begin at 5:30 p.m. in the John F. Kennedy Jr. Forum, 79 JFK Street, Cambridge.
Harvard University President Drew Gilpin Faust will introduce the speaker. The event will be moderated by Kennedy School Dean David T. Ellwood.
This event will be ticketed, and all tickets have been distributed via lottery. The event will be web-streamed live on the Forum website.
Suu Kyi was elected in 2012 to the lower house of the Burmese Parliament less than two years after being released from house arrest where she had spent 15 of the previous 21 years. Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991, Suu Kyi became one of the world's most prominent political prisoners. She now serves as Chair of the National League for Democracy (NLD) in which role she continues to fight for political reform in Burma.
The Edwin L. Godkin Lecture was established in 1903 to focus on the essentials of free government and the duties of the citizen. The lectureship was founded by friends of Edwin Lawrence Godkin (1831–1902), editor and founder of The Nation. Previous lecturers have included Kofi Annan, C. Everett Koop, Nelson A. Rockefeller, Antonin Scalia, Thomas Schelling, and Adlai Stevenson.
Journalists interested in covering the Forum should contact the Kennedy School Communications Office at (617) 495-1115 to reserve space on the press riser.
A live Vivex video/audio feed of this Forum is available.
To view this and other events after their conclusion, visit the Forum archive: http://forum.iop.harvard.edu/past-forums/all/all/all. | <urn:uuid:ffbe3b36-182c-4e3c-8807-9b0c269414b3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.hks.harvard.edu/index.php/news-events/news/press-releases/aung-san-suu-kyi-forum | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00330-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936208 | 399 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Hap"py(hp"p), a. [Compar. Happier (-p*r); superl. Happiest.] [From Hap chance.] 1. Favored by hap, luck, or fortune; lucky; fortunate; successful; prosperous; satisfying desire; as, a happy expedient; a happy effort; a happy venture; a happy omen.
Chymists have been more happy in finding experiments than the causes of them.Boyle.
2. Experiencing the effect of favorable fortune; having the feeling arising from the consciousness of well-being or of enjoyment; enjoying good of any kind, as peace, tranquillity, comfort; contented; joyous; as,
Happy is that people, whose God is the Lord.Ps. cxliv. 15.
The learned is happy Nature to explore,Pope.
The fool is happy that he knows no more.
3. Dexterous; ready; apt; felicitous.
One gentleman is happy at a reply, another excels in a in a rejoinder.Swift.
Happy family, a collection of animals of different and hostile propensities living peaceably together in one cage. Used ironically of conventional alliances of persons who are in fact mutually repugnant. --
Happy-go-lucky, trusting to hap or luck; improvident; easy-going. "Happy-go-lucky carelessness."
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Desde Dentro de Cuba.
Distribuido por Cuba Free Press, Inc. - http://www.cubafreepress.org
January 24, 1999.
NON-DOLLARED CLASS OF WORKERS' KIDS MAY GET FOOD, NOT TOYS By Reinaldo Terré, Cuba Free Press.
HAVANA - There is a truism: "Children are the hope of the world." But that is only true if there is love and education. In this context, games, another style of learning, also play a vital role in the formation of the human being.
To play, a child needs toys. These incite the imagination, hone abilities, focus concentration, stimulate creativity and other fundamental skills essential for searching for knowledge by the future explorers of this complex universe. Nevertheless, merely hoping for a toy or even having a toy may not make the Cuban children happy, unless they can eat.
The magic of a toy brought by the kings' visit, according to Cuban lore, was rooted out from our children's hearts with the advent of communism. The joyful celebration of the Epiphany, and gifts, was incompatible with the system.
The magic was wiped out with the idea that hard work by Mom and Dad bought the gifts for "The Children's Day." That is how the transfer from a dream to raw reality was made. It was decided that gift-giving, that simple human gesture, should also be a "materialistic and dialectic" act. Buying toys for this memorable day or any other day became something more complex for our fellow Cubans than the simple official correlation between price and buying power.
The generation of the 60's started the toy pilgrimage. Then the state's "social equity" granted just three categories of toys, of which each child was to get one: the "elemental," the "incidental" and the "directed." The first one, as its name implies, was the main course in the lottery.
The winners were posted in the different stores to which the consumers were assigned. The second one, of less standing, could be selected, and the last one, the most modest, was simply assigned.
The "Industrial Product Booklet" closely controlled all of this. There was a phase during this period, which lasted well into the 1970's when the permit number was obtained through a telephone call to the assigned store. There was a series of selective steps! Anxieties rose due to the possibility of not making the list due to so much bureaucracy. Remember, the personal computers did not exist and the telephone company dated to early century. As most of the population lacked telephones, the phone lines remained congested.
In those times, the lines in front of the toy store's windows also are still remembered, as well as the children's disappointments. Even though January 6 remained as "Children's Day," its essence did not matter, considering the brutal encounter with the real world.
Then and now, certain privileged sectors of the presumed egalitarian system did not wait in line and did not need the toys which were sold underground. Early in January, in the midst of a festive environment and besides the "magic boot" of many comrades, their offspring's' wish for toy would be answered. Those parents with low earnings - those far removed from the peak of power - had to sell their rights to toys for their children in order to buy other essentials. It was not all a rose garden.
With the opening of the "parallel market" in the decade of the 80's, more toys appeared in the stores, although priced out of reach of most consumers. By then, gift-giving was totally ripped from its original traditional date and transferred to the summer so as to link it to the July 26 celebration (named for Castro's organization). It soon had no other connotation for the children.
The diplomats' and the traditional techno-stores' chains - only for diplomats, foreign technicians, high state functionaries, merchant mariners and international air-line personnel - have now added the tourists who visit the island (especially the extramural "Cuban Community ") to their list of permitted consumers. These stores have opened another window for the purchase of toys!
The decade of the nineties and its unforgettable "Special Period" of austerity Brought almost the total absence of toys in the country. Later, the void was filled with high-priced handicrafts of coarse plastic.
Many parents made their children's toys, hoping to save the family's economy, without depriving the children of other more pressing needs.
Today the sale of toys is the privilege of the hard currency or dollar stores. Their top prices are affordable only by parents who receive dollars from out of the country or through their dishonest "mischief" in foreign and state enterprises.
In a nut-shell, those who live honestly on a salary and have no dollars are unable to buy toys because they even find it difficult to eat.
We are all children of time. And even though the imagination is an important part of the game, there is no doubt that a good toy of good quality and style helps this so important and necessary occasion - a time for play.
Reinaldo Terré, Cuba Free Press
CUBA FREE PRESS, INC.
P.O. Box 652035
Miami, FL 33265-2035
Copyright © 1999 - Cuba Free Press, Inc. | <urn:uuid:ace4623d-3c4c-496e-bb68-fdd4d6b7a025> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.cubafreepress.org/art/cubap990114e.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719646.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00127-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966891 | 1,113 | 2.40625 | 2 |
It is not uncommon to have hip flexor issues or pain in this area when living with fibromyalgia. The hips, hip flexors, and lower back correlate with fibromyalgia pain areas due to tender areas around the lower back, many more trigger point areas and other conditions that affect the surrounding areas.
The hip flexor muscles allow your hips to move with flexibility. You are engaging these muscles whenever you move your legs, and that means your hips are involved in most of the movements that you make throughout the average day.
I have personally dealt with hip flexor pain and then later re-strengthening of these areas while developing more fibro–safe exercises after my full hysterectomy three years ago. Yes, I do get it. I will address more of this later in the lower part of this article.
While there are some known injuries and medical conditions that can cause pain in the hip flexors, it can be difficult to identify a direct cause of this pain in someone with fibromyalgia, except for the many daily activities that I often refer to.
We might treat the pain as another symptom of the diagnosed condition or take more time to determine an exact cause for the pain. Either way, fibromyalgia, and hip flexor pain are often debilitating if not treated efficiently and promptly.
Understanding Fibromyalgia and Hip Flexor Pain
The psoas is responsible for a lot of general back and leg pain because the sitting positions that most people hold throughout the day cause the muscle to shorten for a long period of time. When you stand up and start moving around again, that muscle doesn’t want to lengthen and function properly.
Hip flexor pain is often referred to as flexor tendinosis. The pain from this condition typically comes from one or both of the following muscles: Illicacus and Psoas. These muscles are often lumped together as one unit, referred to as the iliopsoas.
While flexor tendinosis caused by an injury or issue not related to fibromyalgia may focus on one particular muscle or area of the hip, fibromyalgia patients may experience pain that spreads out throughout this region of the body. The cause of the pain is often unexplainable, as is typically the case with fibromyalgia pain.
Treating Fibromyalgia and Hip Flexor Pain
One simple way to prevent some fibromyalgia and hip flexor pain is to avoid sitting in one position for a long period of time. Get up and move around periodically so that your muscles don’t have time to set in one position.
You often hear me recommending safe and effective exercise and the importance of participating in some level of exercise in order to keep your body strong and more flexible, and this is another recommendation for hip flexor pain as well.
The more you learn how to move and how angles and over compensation do matter, the easier it is to prevent some causes of muscle pain. You can follow me on the Fibro Fit People page to learn more ways to safely and gently work these more vulnerable areas. In the video section there you will see exercises like my “side to side” exercises that help to gently work the hips and lower back, piriformis and more.
I also work with women after hysterectomy and other abdominal surgery to gently strengthen these vulnerable areas. I have been there, and yes, it is possible to feel strong after a hysterectomy and while living with the complexity of fibromyalgia and co-conditions.
The stretch I am performing here is great to do anytime, especially after sitting. We draw one leg up to the knee (no shoes) placing the foot gently on the inside of knee or lower if needed (this loosens the hips) then draw the arm up on the same side and feel the light stretch from your hips through your obliques.
If you spend much of your day sitting at a desk, invest in an office chair that is highly adjustable. Set the chair higher, allowing your hips to rest above your knees. This position is healthier for your hip flexors and may eliminate pain caused by the shortening of those muscles in the typical office chair position. You may also want to consider a standing desk that allows you to easily lift your work space.
I started using a standing desk last year and find it very helpful, in fact, I do more standing at my desk now than I do sitting. (note: some standing desks can be difficult on the shoulders to put up and down so it might be necessary to get a standing desk that uses an electric control for moving positions)
Regular strength training and very gentle stretching (done safely) may help keep those muscles strong and flexible. Again, be sure to avoid excessive sitting or this can sabotage efforts to incorporate effective exercise.
For More Information Related Fibromyalgia Visit below sites:
Fibromyalgia Contact Us Directly
Fibro Women Blogs
Chronic Woman Blogs
Chronic Illness Blogs
Official Fibromyalgia Blogs | <urn:uuid:c2a52a8f-7f2a-4bc0-b0ab-2fb8e97353a4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fibromyalgia.chronicillness.co/2018/01/31/fibromyalgia-and-hip-flexor-pain-dr-sher-bailey/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.942396 | 1,055 | 1.953125 | 2 |
The farmer said, "It's tough getting them up early!" *
(So, they make the cows live by man's clock.)
"And they don't produce as much."
"But it's not as bad as in the fall when we gain an hour!"
"The cows get health problems in their udders because their milk builds up!"
(Why don't we just schedule people to work around the cows' cycle?)
Photo: Dr. Baker milking cow, circa 1900, Texas. | <urn:uuid:ab26a961-2e19-4dd4-86b1-48a768cadd24> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://fanaticcook.blogspot.com/2008/03/milking-schedule.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00044-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972459 | 106 | 1.671875 | 2 |
From: Brian M. Scott
> Brian:I'm not; I'm reporting normal (in this case meaning both
>>>> Nor does it mean the same thing. People who speak
>>>> French may be speaking English.
>>> So would "people speaking French"!
>> No. If they are speaking French, they are not speaking
> Why are you imposing a style of speech on me?
> I'm simply stating how I speak English as a native speakerNor in mine. What it says is that they are speaking French
> and my usage is just as justified as yours. In my usage,
> "people speaking French" does _NOT_ imply that they only
> speak French.
>> I can't speak for French, [...]I'm not speaking about it at all.
> Then why are you speaking ignorantly on it?
>>> "people speaking English"It's a sample of constructions; it tells you nothing about
>>> (2230 entries)
> Relevant. This is a sample of usages.
>> Of course both forms are acceptable and reasonablyNo, you're making a much stronger claim of synonymy, about
> Thank you, that's what I'm getting at... in both English
> and French.
>> the point is that they are not synonymous,I doubt that they are synonymous in any dialect of English,
> No, they are not synonymous in all dialects of English,
> you mean to say. I don't know why you're trying to
> discredit me as a native English speaker
> or why you pick debates with me that are simplyIf I actually picked debates with you just to be
> arguementative for no strong reason. | <urn:uuid:f73181c0-df1f-4abd-a427-b827db6235d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wrdingham.co.uk/cybalist/msg/349/63.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.979005 | 383 | 2.203125 | 2 |
All we ever had to deal with resin, but probably not wonder where and how it is formed. We now the resinis very dense, viscous substance with a characteristic smell, familiar black or yellowish color. Indeed, the resin can be got from cuts of trees (e.g., pines).
Resin is an excellent building material, and therefore, it was used now for construction purposes.
Of course, not being able to synthesize resin, previously used natural: amber (actually is fossil natural resin!), rosin (use when soldering), natural rubber, copal.
All of these are resin of vegetable origin. But there are also resin of animal origin, such as shellac. The shellac widely used to manufacture of plates for turntables, and an alcohol solution of this resin was applied to lacquer trees.
Actually a couple of centuries ago, the shellac was considered a very expensive material. This followed from the high complexity of its processing derived from natural material. High cost of production forced to buy it from the inhabitants of the South-Eastern countries (India, Indochina).
Only in the end of 19th century, chemists began the search for a solution to this problem. And of course, a substitute for shellac was found - phenol-formaldehyde resin!
Phenol-formaldehyde resin is a substance is got by heating a mixture of formaldehyde (formalin) and phenol. For the first time that a chemical reaction was carried out by a German scientist Adolf Bayer in 1872. In the process of chemical interaction of formaldehyde with phenol were formed polymer and a water molecule. Of course, when this reaction was a drawback, which was that the resin was fragile, and the reaction was carried out at a temperature of 140...1800 C. Therefore, the water that was formed during the reaction – all passed in pairs.
This this was the cause of the emergence of bubbles and voids. American chemist Leo Hendrik Bakeland (1863-1944) one of the first found the solution to this problems. From the 1905 to 1909, he found that the brittleness of the polymer can be reduced if add of 40— 60% wood flourin to the reaction mixture before solidification . Subsequently, the wood flour and other insoluble solids in the resulting polymer, which improve its properties, became known as fillers. American chemist found that if the synthesis is carried out at elevated pressure, even when the temperature of the reaction mixture above 100 ° C, water does not turn into vapor, which positively influences for the strength of the resin. Since air bubbles are not available in the resin, such a resin does not contain voids. Bakelite was produced industrially in 1910 is before other synthetic resins. In honor of this American chemist the resin named – bakelite.
Bakelite has high strength, rigidity. Property of bakelite not conduct electric current, is widely used in the manufacture of electrical equipment: ammunition for light bulbs, plugs and sockets. From bakelite can produce getinaks (pressed plated material impregnated with phenol-formaldehyde resin, which is based on a paper). To get it the paper is first impregnated with resin, then dried and pressed with a pressure of 10 to 15 atmospheres and a temperature of 150...1600C. The resulting solid material – getinaks in case of heat it – charred, but not softened! But if the paper be replaced by fabric – we will get also quite solid material - textolite (from Latin. textum — "cloth" and Greek "lithos" — stone). This material, as well getinaks widely used in electrical engineering. If you need to get material with very high thermal insulation using asbestos cloth or glass fibre (fiberglass).
Getting phenol-formaldehyde resin
To get a phenol-formaldehyde resin we need a 40% formalin solution (or methanal), and crystalline phenol (if this is not available, you can use a concentrated solution of phenol, it is available as carbolic acid). When working with these substances is necessary to remember that it poisons.
So, to get a phenol-formaldehyde resin we need to mix 2 g of crystalline phenol (or 4 ml of concentrated solution of carbolic acid) with 3 ml of the prepared formalin. Then to the mixture add 3 drops of concentrated hydrochloric acid HCl. Watching as the mixture is heated and boils, turning into a viscous glassy mass. You can slightly cooling the flask with a flowing reaction (when cooling, the reaction will slow down a bit).
With glass rod take a sample of the vitreous mass and try to dissolve in various solvents (water, alcohol). Watching that the mass is dissolved. At this stage the short chain moleculesthe are formed, and new substance resol is formed.
In the further we get a very viscous mass. Now, if we take a sample and try it to dissolve – it will not dissolve. The substance became ductility due to the formation of large chains of molecules. This substance is called resitol.
At the completion of the reaction, put the tube with viscous substance to container of boiling water. Gradually phenol-formaldehyde resin increasingly hardens and turns into stone. To get it by breaking the test tube. It has a reddish color, does not melt or dissolve. If a piece of phenol-formaldehyde resin place in an open flame, it will be very slow to burn, char, a little sparkle and paint the flame in yellow color. When burning the smell of phenol. You can stop the reaction of formation of phenol-formaldehyde resin at any stage by adding alkali to the mixture (in alkaline solution the reaction is much slower). | <urn:uuid:396d4ffd-5f7c-4851-bda3-cef12ecbc204> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.kristallikov.net/page46e.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00328-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946008 | 1,207 | 3.546875 | 4 |
Oats Moong Toast
by Tarla Dalal
Added to 150 cookbooks
This recipe has been viewed 40849 times
Oats is not just for porridge! why not make a delicious and nutritious toast by combining oats and moong with lots of perky coriander? Make sure you make these just before serving, to prevent them from turning soggy.
- Combine all ingredients with approx. ½ cup of water in a mixer and blend to a smooth paste.
- Transfer the paste into a bowl and divide it into 8 equal portions. Keep aside.
- Brush 1/8 tsp of oil on one side of each bread slice.
- Place each bread slice on a flat surface, with the brushed side facing downwards and spread a portion of the topping evenly over it.
- Place each open sandwich on a non-stick tava (griddle) with the prepared topping side facing downwards and cook, using ¼ tsp of oil, till the topping turns golden brown in colour.
- Turn over and cook on the other side till it turns golden brown in colour.
- Cut each toast into 4 equal triangles and serve immediately.
Nutrient values per toast
|Energy|| 133 kcal|
|Protein|| 5.7 gm|
|Carbohydrates|| 22.8 gm|
|Fat|| 2.1 gm|
|Fibre|| 1.5 gm|
|Iron|| 1.6 mg|
|Vitamin A|| 90.5 mcg|
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Copy offloading in IO.copy_stream
In linux 4.5, the copy offloading feature with copy_file_range(2) was introduced.
This patch enables IO.copy_stream to use it.
If "offload" keyword argument is specified, IO.copy_stream will try copy offloading.
IO.copy_stream("src", "dst", offload: true)
If copy offloading is not available on the system, "offload" option will be ignored.
When "src" and "dst" are not in the same filesystem, copy_file_range(2) must fail with EXDEV.
In this case, IO.copy_steram will fallback to another method (sendfile(2) or read/write) silently.
It depends on the filesystem what offloading techniques will be used.
Copy offloading is optional in IO.copy_stream because some techniques may change the current behavior. | <urn:uuid:4eb5bac3-ab1b-48bd-9b9b-3367a2478766> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/13867?tab=changesets | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.650776 | 213 | 2.15625 | 2 |
There are no open spots for this class, but we found something similar!
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The Chronicles of Narnia Book Club
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Narnia Book Club: The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe
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Narnia Book Club: Prince Caspian
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First Chapter Book Club! (upper level)
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The Boxcar Children Book Club #1 Read Aloud
Book Club - Narnia #2 - The Lion, the Witch, & the Wardrobe
Join us as we journey through the wardrobe and into the magical world of Narnia! We will read, discuss, and thoroughly revel in this amazing book during this highly energetic and exciting book club!
Carol Burns PhD
224 total reviews for this teacher
2 reviews for this class
Completed by 5 learners
There are no upcoming classes.
Once per week
over 9 weeks
learners per class
per learner - per class
How does a “Multi-Day” course work?
Meets multiple times at scheduled times
Live video chats, recorded and monitored for safety and quality
Discussions via classroom forum and private messages with the teacher
Great for engaging projects and interacting with diverse classmates from other states and countries
How Outschool Works
There are no open spots for this class.
You can request another time or scroll down to find more classes like this.
In true Book Club fashion, we will read the assigned chapter(s) beforehand, and come to class ready to discuss, to share our thoughts and reflections, and to learn from the perspectives of others. Students will learn from each other, as well as learn how to actively listen to, interact with, and politely disagree with others. They will learn to express their opinions, and learn to articulate them well. In essence, they will learn a form of public speaking and debate, although it will be a...
Students will gain skills in the following areas: - public speaking - sharing thoughts and insights - building vocabulary - knowledge of literary genres - biographical information of the author In essence, they will learn a form of public speaking and debate, although it will be a more subtle approach. And above all, students will have the opportunity to dive into and revel in the beauty of a great body of literature. Perhaps it will awaken and inspire a desire to write their own stories.
Once a King or Queen in Narnia, Always a King or Queen in Narnia. Your teacher has been reading and re-reading these books every December for the past 35 years.
Reading beforehand the assigned chapter(s), and coming to class brimful of opinions, thoughts, ideas, and thought provoking questions with which to engage their classmates. Tea is optional. Please read chapters 1 & 2 before our first class! We will be discussing those chapters in our first class!
A copy of each book, whether owned, library borrowed, ebook, or audiobook. Optional: A notebook or journal for capturing one’s own intellectual and brilliant ponderings.
Learners will not need to use any apps or websites beyond the standard Outschool tools.
40 minutes per week in class, and an estimated 0 - 1 hours per week outside of class.
This class will be taught from a secular, non religious perspective.
The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe
Carol Burns PhD
Teacher, Homeschool Mama, & Voracious Learner
🇺🇸Lives in the United States
224 total reviews
213 completed classes
Carol Burns is an experienced classroom teacher with 36 years of experience teaching and working with children in a variety of settings including public school, charter school, children’s church, Awana and youth group leading, camp program... | <urn:uuid:a6784c50-ceb7-4057-8cf5-447d1bdcf302> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://outschool.com/classes/book-club-narnia-2-the-lion-the-witch-the-wardrobe-TK15Aiwx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.900138 | 873 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Energy Star sticker is seen in current hungry appliances like Fridge and Air conditioner. This indicates the energy efficiency of the appliances. Energy star denotes the international standard of energy efficient products implemented in 1992 by the Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of Energy .It was started in United States of America. The Devices carrying the Energy Star service label generally use 20–30% less energy than required by federal standards. So by comparing the stars, the consumer can choose the model .
Energy efficiency means “the energy service provided by the appliance per unit of energy consumed”. For example, in a Fridge, the energy efficiency means its freezer cooling capacity (Output) per unit of current ( input) consumed. In the case of Air conditioner, it is the space cooling per unit of current. The sticker also shows the unit of current consumption per year. For example, in a 3 Star fridge, it shows 567 units per year. That is 1.5 units per day. In 4 or 5 star category, it again decreases. The energy sticker shows the following details in the descending order from top.
1. Star number
2. Symbol of money saving
3. Current consumption in units per day
4. Appliance specification
5. Energy save logo.
The Star rating system has a 1 to maximum 6 starts with a half increment (half of star not colored). To fix the star, various Algorithms or equations are used to rate Star 1. Then its multiplications are used for other star rates. According to 2014 star rating, most energy efficient appliances are 3 and 4. In some appliances, there is 5 Star which is more efficient.
The Star rating of Fridge is mainly focused on the Freezer compartment. That is ,maximum freezing time in the desired temperature with less input power. The chart below shows the standards of Fridge in which the freezer temperature is maintained constantly for long period. As the Star rating increases, you can see the decrease in temperature with same input of current.
1 Star -6 degree maintained
2 Star – 12 degree maintained
3 Star – 18 degree maintained
4 Star – 18 degree maintained with fast freezing
The condition in Air conditioners is slightly different. Since a large area is cooling, it depends on many factors. Higher the Star rating ,it gives more efficiency. As a rule, an extra star will reduce the running cost by around 10 % per year. But this depends on the use. In Split AC, there are two types. The tube connecting the indoor unit with the outdoor compressor may be Copper or Aluminium. Even though Copper type cost high, it is better for more effective working. Sealing the gap between the windows and doors, air holes, removing unnecessary furniture from the room etc will give efficient cooling. Setting temperature between 23-26 degrees will ensure a comfortable cooling without much energy. The running cost increases up to 10% each time when we lower the temperature by 1 degree.
Presently as per BEE Regulations (Bureau of Energy Efficiency) room air conditioners are rated on the basis of their energy efficiency on a scale of 1 to 5 stars. Higher the number of stars, the higher is the energy efficiency of the room air conditioners and vice-versa. The chart below shows the variations in efficiency units.
Split AC ENERGY Efficient Rating ( EER – W/W )
Star Minimum Maximum
1 Star 2.70 – 2.89
2 Star 2.90 – 3.09
3 Star 3.10 – 3.29
4 Star 3.30 – 3.49
5 Star 3.50 – –
Window AC ENERGY Efficient Rating ( EER – W/W )
Star Minimum Maximum
1 Star 2.50 – 2.69
2 Star 2.70 – 2.89
3 Star 2.90 – 3.09
4 Star 3.10 – 3.29
5 Star 3.30 – – | <urn:uuid:e0540bb6-2ea9-497b-a6d2-db9b71ebbbea> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://dmohankumar.wordpress.com/2014/06/05/conserve-power-more-star-more-energy-efficient/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00469-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.895056 | 810 | 3 | 3 |
Quaker's Yard, Wesleyan Methodist, Standish
Photograph supplied by & © Copyright of Mike Berrell.
Wesleyan Methodist church,
It was founded before 1892.
This site provides historical information about churches, other places of worship and cemeteries. It has no connection with the churches etc. themselves. For current information you should contact them directly.
It is located at SD5614310080 (Lat/Lon 53.585461, -2.663959). You can see this on maps provided by:
- Google Maps
- StreetMap (Current Ordnance Survey maps)
- Bing (was Multimap)
- Old Maps Online
- National Library of Scotland (Old Ordnance Survey maps)
- Vision of Britain (Click "Historical units & statistics" for administrative areas.)
- English Jurisdictions in 1851 (Unfortunately the LDS have removed the facility to enable us to specify a starting location, you will need to search yourself on their map.)
- Magic (Geographic information) (Click + on map if it doesn't show)
- GeoHack (Links to on-line maps and location specific services.) | <urn:uuid:0fc69809-2977-464b-a1cc-299719d301df> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Standish/QuakersYardWesleyanMethodist | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.866367 | 288 | 1.703125 | 2 |
J.K. Galbraith, one of the most well-known economists of the 20th century once said: “Migration is the oldest action against poverty. It selects those who most want help. It is good for the country to which they go; it helps break the equilibrium of poverty in the country from which they come. What is the perversity in the human soul that causes people to resist so obvious a good?”
As so well captured by Galbraith, it is hardly surprising that people migrate. However, what does migration, to an environment so different from what one is used to, do to one’s health?
As researchers in the Academic Medical Center of Amsterdam, located in one of the main migrant areas of the city, we are in close touch with migrant communities in Amsterdam. Not too long ago our department of Public Health was approached by an African community organization in Amsterdam South-East. They indicated that their community was of need of health information. They experience ill-health, such as hypertension and diabetes, more and more often and see it frequently among their friends and family members. They are worried.
About 400 African migrant men, women and children resident in Amsterdam attended the event.
Their community leaders therefore took initiative to organize a full day event called “Your Health is Your Wealth”. About 400 African migrant men, women and children resident in Amsterdam attended the event. They listened to a variety of lectures given by us as researchers and by health-care providers in Amsterdam, and had the opportunity to have their blood glucose and blood pressure measured.
On this day we once again saw first-hand the struggles of the African community in Amsterdam regarding their health. But how to study migrant health? Traditionally migrant studies have compared migrants with the host population of the country in which they settle. However, one can argue whether this is a fair comparison. The migrant communities themselves don’t relate that much to other ethnic groups, but they do relate to their family members and friends still living in Africa.
This is a new approach to studying migrants’ health: comparing one migrant group resident in different locations as well as comparing migrants with their compatriots in Africa who have not migrated.
RODAM recruited well over 6,000 Ghanaian participants resident in three European cities including Amsterdam, Berlin, London.
Associate professor Dr. Charles Agyemang at our Public Health department in Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, a migrant himself, in collaboration with several institutes in Europe and Ghana initiated the EU-funded RODAM study of which the first results are published this week in BMC medicine.
RODAM, acronym for Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants, recruited well over 6,000 Ghanaian participants resident in three European cities including Amsterdam, Berlin, London, and urban and rural Ghana. While data collection can be summarized in a couple of sentences in a paper, recruiting, interviewing and measuring over 6,000 Ghanaians using standardized procedures in five different locations, each with their own infrastructure, was quite a daunting task.
The local research teams across all sites had to work closely with African religious and community leaders to advocate participation in the study. They gave presentations in churches and interviews on Ghanaian radio and television stations. In Ghana, these teams even visited people in their homes to tell them about the benefits of participants in the study. Once recruited, the local research teams put a lot of time and effort in interviewing these people, measuring their blood glucose, height, weight, blood pressure and much more.
These findings are a wake-up call to African communities themselves and policy makers both in Africa and Europe.
All the work done has paid off and we are very proud to share with you the first main RODAM findings: the obesity and diabetes prevalence rates in the different RODAM study sites. The excessive high burden of both diabetes and obesity particularly among African migrants in Europe and urban Africa is an indication that our hard work is needed. These findings are a wake-up call to African communities themselves and policy makers both in Africa and Europe to address the problem head-on. Inaction will be too costly both in terms of human suffering and costs to the health systems.
In the meantime time we are continuing our efforts in trying to unravel the causes of obesity and diabetes among these African populations to assist policy and prevention efforts. We hope that you will follow us on our journey to make a difference to these communities. | <urn:uuid:5b81735d-6c78-41ef-b4bc-7ea146028046> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-medicine/2016/10/25/the-challenges-of-studying-the-effect-of-migration-on-health/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00465-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966942 | 914 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Last week, GitHub made a series of announcements at GitHub Satellite, including some great news around code scanning and increased security for their platform. We love to see this because the more companies who use GitHub (and GitLab and Bitbucket), the better for the industry, and the more value BluBracket can provide on top of these platforms. And while GitHub has many useful security features, especially around open source projects, GitHub security is not enough for most large companies who value their code. Why?
GitHub’s Open Source Roots
Customers who rely on GitHub for code security, even the enterprise level version of GitHub, are exposed to numerous vulnerabilities—not by any fault of GitHub, but rather because GitHub was built and rolled out for open source projects, only later adding features for the enterprise. That means the protocol and product are designed for code proliferation and sharing by default. It’s not instrumented to give security teams insight into developer actions and security vulnerabilities.
Here is a summary of why GitHub security isn’t enough:
- GitHub doesn’t track or expose code on developer endpoints (workstations, VMs, etc). The number one code exfiltration vector is the developer endpoint, not the repository. Git providers such as GitHub, BitBucket and GitLab are doing nothing about clones and copies of code on developer machines. We are.
- Since Git is a distributed source control system, users download all code in the repository to their end machine. This equals code proliferation. Security teams have no visibility or control over where their valuable code has been downloaded. And as we have seen, unprotected machines can be easily hacked or simply lost track of.
- GitHub’s DNA is in open source, so its tooling and focus is on developers in public projects. It wasn’t built for security teams or devsecop teams; it was built for open source developers who it serves very well.
- GitHub covers GitHub, which means if your company uses multiple Git providers (most large companies do) you are out of luck. BluBracket has a holistic approach to enterprise security which means it allows you to view all of your code actions, vulnerabilities and alerts from all Git providers in one pane of glass.
- GitHub doesn’t focus on or alert on developer actions. For instance, you may want to be alerted if a core developer is pushing code from a private repository to open source, or changing the repo’s designation to public.
- GitHub has no way to fingerprint your important code and then discover it in public repositories, wherever that may be, or tell you which secrets detected in your private enterprise have also been leaked into open source. Many companies have been surprised to learn how much of their proprietary source code has made its way to the public domain. Developers frequently re-use and push code developed for the company to open source or other public repositories. This can give hackers a way to access your protected infrastructure.
- GitHub doesn’t have code classification. To do security effectively, you have to determine the signal vs noise. Enterprises need a tool to classify code by importance to the business, and have all permissions, alerts and security policies follow that classification.
Comprehensive Code Security
BluBracket is the industry’s only comprehensive security solution for code, securing every major Git-based solution including GitHub, Bitbucket and GitLab. Unlike GitHub, BluBracket analyzes developer behavior and Docker containers for vulnerabilities. It allows you to set and then enforce your security policies across all Git repos, regardless of what cloud or on premise solution you choose.
We believe Git and GitHub in particular are industry-changing services that have driven massive gains in innovation and collaboration. We are thrilled to offer advanced security solutions on top of these platforms for companies who understand the risk now inherent in code sharing sites.
*** This is a Security Bloggers Network syndicated blog from BluBracket authored by blubracket. Read the original post at: https://blubracket.com/why-github-security-isnt-enough/ | <urn:uuid:a1b7e582-3e65-4eb3-8471-dfeffb54681d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://securityboulevard.com/2020/05/why-github-security-isnt-enough/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.926817 | 841 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Prepare For Easter With Toddler Projects
In the month of March or April, toddler room teachers often include Easter-themed projects as part of arts and crafts time. Toddler projects for Easter can be tailored to the skill level of small children and can be made with a variety of materials. Teachers can also use these crafts as a basis for teaching toddlers about common symbols of Easter such as baskets, colored eggs, and the Easter Bunny.
Creative and festive ideas for toddler Easter crafts and projects include the following:
Bunny and Easter Eggs Craft
Template of Easter Bunny carrying an empty basket (1 per toddler)
small colored cotton balls (assorted colors such as pink, yellow, and blue)
crayons (in pastel or bright "spring" colors)
1) Give each student a paper bunny-and-basket template, and instruct the toddlers to color the Easter Bunny and basket with crayons.
2) Assist the children in gluing an assortment of colored cotton ball "eggs" into the Easter basket. Depending on the size of the template, the toddlers can decorate their cut-outs with just a few cotton balls or a larger assortment.
3) When the glue has dried, decorate the classroom with these toddler art projects or send them home for parents to display.
Painting a Paper Egg
egg cut-outs made from thick paper or posterboard (1 per toddler)
watercolor paints or tissue paper in assorted colors
cups of water
paintbrushes (if using watercolor paints)
1) Give each child a paper egg. If using watercolor paints, allow the toddlers to dip their paintbrushes in water and decorate their Easter eggs with many colors.
2) If using tissue paper to "paint", show the children how to dip pieces of tissue paper into water and use the wet tissue to dab color onto their paper eggs. Supervise the toddlers as they have fun "painting" with different colors of tissue paper.
3) When the paper eggs have dried, add them to a bulletin board as part of an Easter display.
Play-Doh Easter Eggs
Play-Doh (assorted colors)
Easter basket (for classroom display)
plastic "grass" (for basket)
1) Set a few handfuls of Play-Doh (in several colors) in front of each toddler. Show the children how to roll the Play-Doh between their palms to form an egg shape. The toddlers can mix their Play-Doh colors together to form new colors, or roll each color separately and then combine them to make multicolored eggs.
2) Once each child has had the chance to create a few Play-Doh eggs, place all of the eggs into an Easter basket filled with plastic grass. The toddler classroom now has a colorful egg display (that won't spoil!) for parents to enjoy.
By planning toddler projects for Easter that are fun for small children to make, teachers can encourage a sense of excitement about the upcoming holiday. Easter and springtime crafts add bright and cheerful bursts of color to the classroom as well! | <urn:uuid:8c07f7dc-b996-4818-ad66-118c30b2ac26> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://m.brighthubeducation.com/toddler-activities-learning/63862-prepare-for-easter-with-these-three-projects/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00015-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937709 | 648 | 3.46875 | 3 |
This weekend, the Northwest EcoBuilding Guild is hosting the 2011 Green Home Tour for Seattle and Eastside King County. With 28 homes featured, it's a great way to see some fantastic projects and learn more about what makes a home green. More info after the jump!
The tour (which is free and open to the public) is self-guided so you can see as much or as little as you'd like. The projects range from new construction to kitchen remodels and helpful guides and signage will explain what strategies were used, their benefits and where to buy products locally.
Going above and beyond simply "green", some of the highlights include:
- One of the first projects in Seattle to apply for Passive House certification
- A gut rehab aiming for LEED certification
- Two Net Zero Energy projects
- A single family residence (designed by SHED) featured in the April issue of Dwell
For more info or to download a map, visit the Northwest EcoBuilding Guild's website. | <urn:uuid:bdc5d6ca-a566-4e34-80ce-254af2d168d0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/event-green-home-tourseattle-144212 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00567-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959624 | 201 | 1.601563 | 2 |
We’ve all heard that horrible screech from a PA system that results when you get the microphone too close to the speakers. It’s called a feedback loop, and it happens when the current output of an event can impact the future iteration of that event. On a PA system, a sound from the speaker is picked up on the microphone, amplified by the system and output by the speaker, now louder. And the microphone picks it up again, sends to the system for amplification before being output by the speaker, and so on. The result is that horrible screech.
Audio feedback loops are perhaps the ones we’re most familiar with, but I was thinking the other day about how a number of things can be considered behavioral feedback loops. Basically, anything that each time you do it, it becomes easier (or harder) to do in the future.
Whether a feedback loop is a good thing or a bad thing is usually dependent on which side of the loop you’re on.
For example, compound interest can be thought of as a good feedback loop: each payout of interest adds to your balance and increases the amount of interest you’ll earn in the successive period. On the flipside, if you’re paying a loan and you don’t pay at least the interest each period (such as a negative amortization loan), then compound interest is definitely NOT your friend.
I think fitness is a feedback loop too: the more fit you are, the more enjoyable and rewarding working out is, and the easier it is to stay fit. Unfortunately, the reverse is also true: the more out of shape you are, the harder it is to work out and keep at it until you reach your desired fitness level.
A final example: confidence. The more confidence you exhibit in general, the greater your likelihood of success. And the more you succeed, the more your confidence will grow. On the flipside, a lack of confidence (aka desperation) will inhibit your success at every turn, only making it harder for you to build confidence.
Addictions are an example of feedback loops: you become more and more dependent on something each time you do it, which makes it harder and harder to resist doing in the future.
Feedback loops are powerful because they build on themselves, growing stronger and more powerful with each step, usually until you reach a plateau of some kind. If it’s a good plateau, we call it “maxing out”. If it’s a bad one, we call it “bottoming out”.
If you’re in a good feedback loop, then you have it easy: just keep going. But what if you’re caught in a bad feedback loop?
You have three choices:
1. Wait until you hit rock bottom – generally a bad option, because it’s often further down than you realize, and the damage can be permanent.
2. Mount a herculean effort – sometimes possible, but it depends on where you are in the feedback loop. Almost never a sustainable form of change.
3. Change the context – To stop an audio feedback loop, you have to change the system in some way: kill the power, cut the levels, etc. Often you have to do the same with a behavioral feedback loop: throw out all the junkfood in your house, cut up the credit cards, etc.
4. Get help – This might come in concert with the first three. In many cases, escaping a feedback loop will be difficult or impossible without external support, motivation, and encouragement.
What feedback loops have you noticed in your own life, and how have you used or defeated them? | <urn:uuid:f76c5e26-027f-443b-bba3-ca8277bec7a6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ryanwaggoner.com/behavioral-feedback-loops/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00509-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928622 | 766 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Hempstead has a population of 56,554 and is located in Nassau county.
Mechanical Engineering schools in Hempstead charged students an average tuition of $29,080.00 if they were New York residents, and $29,080.00 if they were non-residents, during the 2009 - 2010 school year.
The cost, on average, for books and supplies needed for mechanical engineering schools in Hempstead is $1,000.00. The average cost for room and board for students living on campus at mechanical engineering schools in Hempstead was $11,330.00. The average cost for students living at home was $2,892.00 for the 2009 - 2010 school year. Students have a choice of one mechanical engineering college in Hempstead to attend. In the 2008 - 2009 school year, reportedly 10 students completed mechanical engineering programs in Hempstead.
|Profession||Average Salary||Number Employed in City|
|Mechanical Engineering Technicians||$48,100.00||220| | <urn:uuid:987befb9-339e-4747-91c6-824983784ac2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.unixl.com/dir/mechanical-engineering/new-york/hempstead/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00443-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958877 | 211 | 1.523438 | 2 |
The chairman of the Baltimore City Council’s Taxation, Finance and Economic Development Committee has changed his tune regarding a proposed tax credit to encourage developers to build market-rate apartments citywide.
Councilman Carl Stokes, who has been critical of subsidies for development in the city, initially said he liked a proposal for a 10-year tax credit, but he has now changed his mind.
“We have carved out niches for the richest, or the most politically connected developers, generally, in this town, and the smaller developers, or those who do not have the strong connections have been left out,” Stokes said.
That’s in contrast to what he said in February, after Mayor Stephanie Rawlings-Blake proposed the tax credit during her State of the City address.
“I think anything we can do to push forward the impetus of more residents and tax-paying base in our city is a good thing. So I think it’s a good thing to continue to put the right incentives out there to encourage the growth of the tax base,” Stokes said at the time.
Now, he said he believes issues with fairness in development should be addressed by significantly cutting property taxes across the board by as much as 50 percent in the next five to 10 years. He said it’s more important to provide tax relief to homeowners, particularly senior citizens living on a fixed income.
Stokes said residents may be getting a few cents tax relief through the administration’s plan to reduce property taxes 20 cents by 2020, but that the cuts are negated by fee hikes. He also said tax cuts are the best way to increase development and encourage businesses to hire more residents.
“I think this piecemeal approach, frankly, does not incentivize, and actually only increases the tax burden on the majority of property owners in the city of Baltimore,” Stokes said.
Currently, the city has a 15-year tax credit available for market-rate development of more than 50-units built in downtown, Station North, Reservoir Hill, Jonestown, West Cold Spring Lane corridor, Poppleton, York Road corridor and Belair Road corridor. The tax credit provides a 100 percent break on incremental real property tax increases during the first two years of the credit. The credit is gradually reduced and covers only 20 percent of the increase during the final three years.
The current tax credit has been seen as contributing in part to a boom in apartment building downtown, where the credits have been used to aid the conversion of Class B office space into residential rental units.
Steve Bloom, operating partner of PMC Property Group, said his company’s adaptive reuses of buildings at 521 St. Paul St. and 301 N. Charles St. have benefited from the 15-year tax credit, and that the company will be taking the credit on the project his firm plans for the property it bought from the city for $2.2 million at 26 S. Calvert St., 30-36 S. Calvert St. and 31 Grant St.
“I think that it makes the most sense to bring the highest credit you can downtown, because I think downtown’s suffered because of Harbor East, and it’s suffering because of some other localities where you don’t need as large a credit,” Bloom said. “But I think to get things moving in the city this 15-year credit is great.”
The proposed 10-year tax would available for developments as small as 20 units anywhere in the city. The credit would provide an 80 percent break during the first five years, which would gradually be reduced to 30 percent during its final year.
The bill creating the citywide 10-year tax credit was introduced in the council at the behest of the administration last month and was assigned to Stokes’ committee for a hearing. But the bill has yet to be scheduled for a hearing, and Stokes said he is waiting for reports from agencies
The Baltimore Development Corp. has already issued a memo expressing support for the tax credit.
“Passage of this bill is critical to Baltimore’s continued commitment of having diversified housing options throughout the city of Baltimore and expanding the population,” according to the memo.
Councilman Brandon Scott said that he feels the bill has wide support in the council and expects the bill to pass.
“I think it’s a good effort from the administration to try and spread development beyond downtown,” Scott said. | <urn:uuid:e6d26a57-073b-46fc-b89a-65d26a4e64d7> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://thedailyrecord.com/2014/05/05/key-councilman-opposes-new-apartment-tax-credit/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719566.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00262-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974962 | 936 | 1.5 | 2 |
JCWI is acting for a number of care workers – senior carers, as they are known in the various Home Office policies which relate to them. We understand that there are around 20,000 non-EEA migrant workers currently working as senior carers in the UK. Many of them were recruited by agencies, particularly in the Philippines, in the early years of this century, at a time when the UK Government was desperate to fill vacancies in the nursing homes, retirement homes and hospices throughout the country. JCWI understands that it had been hoped that the many vacancies in this field of employment would be filled by the opening up of Europe to the so-called “A8” nationals (mainly from Eastern Europe) in 2004. However, these vacancies were apparently not filled and it was necessary to spread the net more widely.
Courting care workers
There are a number of reasons why efforts were made to recruit such workers from the Philippines in particular. Their nationals are well-educated, many of them qualified as nurses, physiotherapists etc in their home country; furthermore many of them are English-speaking, having studied on courses in which English was the medium of instruction, and have a tradition of working abroad to support their families at home. They came to the UK to do jobs which most British and European workers are unwilling to do, working long hours, often on night shifts, for minimal rates of pay.
Most of those currently working in care jobs in our nursing homes were recruited abroad, granted work permits and brought to the UK with the promise that, after four years (later raised to five years) of hard work, they would have the right to settle in the UK. They resigned from their jobs, sold their property and gave up everything on the basis of a promise of a better standard of living, a good education for their children and the chance to settle.
On 6 April 2011 the UK Government changed the legal requirements for those who come to the UK for work (either on work permits or, more recently, under Tier 2 of the Points Based System) to settle after five years’ continuous work. A new requirement that the person applying to settle had to be earning “at or above” the “correct” rate, as set out in the UK Border Agency’s Standard Occupational Classification Codes of Practice, was introduced. In the case of the senior care workers that rate is £7.02 per hour. However, many senior care workers are not earning this much.
One of the biggest employers of these care workers, Southern Cross, has this year gone into administration, and it has become clear that these homes are not able to pay their employees the expected rate of £7.02 per hour. Furthermore British workers are often not earning as much as this, and it is clearly not possible for the care homes to pay their foreign workers more than the local work force.
A large number of these care workers have been refused settlement since 6 April 2011 because of this rule change. JCWI has now successfully represented two of these care workers in their appeals before the First Tier Tribunal, and is in the process of acting for a number of others.
In summary our appeal was allowed on three grounds:
Firstly, the Tribunal held that SSHD’s decision to refuse settlement on the basis of the new income threshold was unlawful on Pankina grounds. In short, the income levels contained in the codes of practice imported substantive criteria into the Rules. This was exactly what Pankina considered impermissible.
Linked to the above, we argued that there was a breach of legitimate expectation. When the Appellant first came to the UK as work permit holder, she had understood that provided she remained in work permit employment, doing the same or similar work under similar conditions, she would be in a position to apply for settlement. There was no suggestion at that time that she would need to earn a particular wage.
In relation to Article 8 ECHR, it was accepted that Article 8 ECHR was engaged and that there would a breach in the light of the frustration of the Appellant’s legitimate expectations- the decision could not be in accordance with the law. Even if this was incorrect, policy points we had raised about the new threshold being a backdoor means of bringing in the skills threshold NVQ3/SVQ3 (the revised salary was linked to that skill level) had been waived for care workers could be taken into consideration in proportionality arguments.
We are actively looking to assist foreign migrant workers who have been refused settlement for the reasons mentioned above. If you would like to speak to a legal advisor about this please call 020 7251 8708.JCWI is offering a training course for legal advisors and interested parties on WORKING UNDER THE PBS in London on 22 March 2012. If you are interested in attending please phone 020 7553 7468. | <urn:uuid:3bd0a2a7-4f3f-4737-b2b0-e7678b9743ca> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jcwi.wordpress.com/2011/12/14/senior-carers-win-stage-in-fight-for-right-to-settle/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.986336 | 1,007 | 1.617188 | 2 |
One of the most exquisite examples of justice in the New Testament ... is found in the crucifixion narrative as described by the writer of Luke's gospel (see Lk. 23:26-43), who portrays Jesus extending mercy to his persecutors and enemies: "Then Jesus said, 'Father forgive them; for they do not know what they are doing'" (v. 34). To those witnessing Jesus' crucifixion--both friends and foes--these words would have sounded foolish. And yet, paradoxically, these words of reconciliation could be understood as an expression of justice at its deepest level--justice that gives way to compassion toward those guilty of injustice who, for some reason, do not truly understand what they are doing or have done to another or others.
CAROL J. DEMPSEY, Justice: A Biblical Perspective | <urn:uuid:7ae07412-1b24-4d34-a867-421308836d11> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://notable-quotes.com/d/dempsey_carol_j.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00396-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949014 | 167 | 2.625 | 3 |
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Our opinions are our own. Here is a list of our partners and here's how we make money. The investing information provided on this page is for educational purposes only. NerdWallet does not offer advisory or brokerage services, nor does it recommend or advise investors to buy or sell particular stocks or securities. Bitcoin, the first and most valuable cryptocurrency , has grown from a fringe experiment into one of the hottest tickets in global finance.
Bitcoin, also known as BTC, is unlike any other asset to have attained such heights. Rather than representing a share of a company, a bitcoin is a unit of digital currency whose value can fluctuate widely. And it is underpinned not by the economic fundamentals of a company or a national bank, but by an encrypted ledger of digital transactions jointly maintained by thousands of computers.
You don't have to be an expert to understand how bitcoin works. While the underlying " blockchain " technology can get quite complex, it's not hard to grasp the basics. Here are some things you should know. Bitcoin, launched in , is decentralized digital cash that eliminates the need for intermediaries like banks and governments, using instead a peer-to-peer computer network to confirm purchases directly between users. Fiat currency like the U. Bitcoin, on the other hand, is powered through a combination of networking technology and software-driven cryptography, the science of passing secret information that can only be read by the sender and receiver.
This creates a currency backed by code rather than items of physical value, like gold or silver, or by trust in central financial authorities. The price of one bitcoin has grown substantially. Check the current price to buy bitcoin :. Data is pulled from Google Finance and may be delayed up to 20 minutes. Information is solely for informational purposes and not for trading purposes or advice. To understand how the cryptocurrency works, it helps to understand these terms and a little context:.
Blockchain : Bitcoin is powered by open-source code known as blockchain, which creates a shared public ledger of transactions organized into "blocks" that are "chained" together to prevent tampering. Private and public keys : A bitcoin wallet contains a public key and a private key, which work together to allow the owner to initiate and digitally sign transactions, providing proof of authorization. Bitcoin miners : Miners — or members of the peer-to-peer platform — then independently confirm the transaction using high-speed computers, typically within 10 to 20 minutes.
Here's our picks for best bitcoin and cryptocurrency exchanges. Bitcoin miners — also known as "nodes" — are the owners of high-speed computers which independently confirm each transaction, and add a completed "block" of transactions to the ever-growing "chain," which has a complete, public and permanent record of every bitcoin transaction.
Miners are paid in bitcoin as reward for their efforts, which incentivizes the decentralized network to independently verify each transaction. This independent network of miners also decreases the chance for fraud or false information to be recorded, as the majority of miners need to confirm the authenticity of each block of data before it's added to the blockchain, in a process known as "proof of work.
Besides mining bitcoin, which requires technical expertise and an investment in high-performance computers, most people purchase bitcoin as a form of currency speculation — betting that the market value of one bitcoin will be higher in the future than it is today.
But that's difficult to predict. Bitcoins can be stored in two kinds of digital wallets:. Hot wallet: You can often store cryptocurrency on exchanges where it is sold, while other providers offer standalone online storage. Such solutions provide access through a computer browser, desktop or smartphone app. Cold wallet: An encrypted portable device much like a thumb drive that allows you to download and carry your bitcoins. Basically, a hot wallet is connected to the internet; a cold wallet is not.
But you need a hot wallet to download bitcoins into a portable cold wallet. Price volatility. While bitcoin's value has risen dramatically over the years, buyers' fortunes have varied widely depending on the timing of their investment. And even though has been a strong year for bitcoin, it still lost half of its value between April and July before recovering and hitting new highs in November. Hacking concerns.
While backers say the blockchain technology behind bitcoin is even more secure than traditional electronic money transfers, bitcoin hot wallets have been an attractive target for hackers. Limited but growing use. But these companies are the exception, not the rule. Not protected by SIPC. Private, secure transactions anytime — with fewer potential fees. Once you own bitcoin, you can transfer them anytime, anywhere, reducing the time and potential expense of any transaction.
Keep in mind, though, that to purchase bitcoins on an exchange, generally you'll first need to link your bank account. The potential for big growth. After the financial crisis and the Great Recession, some investors are eager to embrace an alternative, decentralized currency — one that is essentially outside the control of regular banks, governing authorities or other third parties.
Bitcoin is an incredibly speculative and volatile buy. A common rule of thumb is to devote only a small slice of your overall portfolio to individual stocks or speculative assets like bitcoin.
There are several ways to get bitcoin, but these are some of the most common:. Bitcoin ATMs. There are more than 26, bitcoin ATMs in the U. Investment brokerages. Robinhood was the first mainstream investment broker to offer bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. Robinhood Crypto is available in most, but not all, U. Cryptocurrency exchanges. There are a number of exchanges in the U. Coinbase is the largest cryptocurrency exchange in the U. Of the online brokerages and cryptocurrency exchanges that NerdWallet reviews, the following currently offer bitcoin.
Access to buy and sell nearly 60 cryptocurrencies. Read review. Access to buy and sell nearly cryptocurrencies. Trading platform with access to 17 cryptocurrencies. Ability to buy and sell more than 50 cryptocurrencies. Seven cryptocurrencies including bitcoin, bitcoin cash and ethereum.
SoFi Active Investing. Offers more than 20 cryptocurrencies for trading including bitcoin, ethereum and litecoin. Offers trading for five cryptocurrencies, including bitcoin, bitcoin cash and ethereum. Offers 10 cryptocurrencies for trading, including bitcoin, bitcoin cash, ethereum and litecoin. Offers more than 90 cryptocurrencies. Disclosure: The author held no positions in the aforementioned investments at the original time of publication. How does bitcoin work?
What is bitcoin mining? How does bitcoin make money? Storing your bitcoins: Hot wallets vs. Buying bitcoin: pros and cons. Should you buy bitcoin? Where can I buy bitcoin? Show More. BTC definition: What is bitcoin?
Learn More. Fees 0. Fees 1. Bitcoin cons. Bitcoin pros. Available for:. Learn more. On a similar note Dive even deeper in Investing. Explore Investing. Get more smart money moves — straight to your inbox. Sign up. NerdWallet rating NerdWallet's ratings are determined by our editorial team. The scoring formula for online brokers and robo-advisors takes into account over 15 factors, including account fees and minimums, investment choices, customer support and mobile app capabilities.
What To Know About Cryptocurrency and Scams
Cryptocurrency reached a peak in And this year bitcoin -- and cryptocurrency in general -- penetrated deeply into financial services as well as the culture, gaining an expanding foothold in popular art, commerce and other corners of the mainstream. If you're looking for a primer on bitcoin and cryptocurrencies, you're in the right place. We'll take a look at the basics -- what bitcoin is, where it comes from and how to buy it -- as well as a range of other topics including valuation, legality and its practical applications.
Bitcoin Billionaire Review: Is Bitcoin Billionaire Software Safe? By Joll of News
Or do you transfer money from your bank account to somewhere and convert it to Bitcoin? What does that look like? If you just want to earn a high return with crypto, you might consider a crypto savings account. Check out the best cryptocurrency savings accounts here. Promo : TradeStation Crypto. Here is our list of the 10 best cryptocurrency exchanges and investing or trading platforms. The cyrpto offers that appear on this site are from companies from which The College Investor receives compensation. This compensation may impact how and where products appear on this site including, for example, the order in which they appear. The College Investor does not include all cryptocurrency exchanges or all crypto offers available in the marketplace.
12 most popular types of cryptocurrency
The best books on Cryptocurrency. David Birch , Policy Analyst. The best books on Blockchain. Kevin Werbach , Lawyer. Five Books interviews are expensive to produce, please support us by donating a small amount.
The Truth About Blockchain
This paper adds to the growing literature of cryptocurrency and behavioral finance. Specifically, we investigate the relationships between the novel investor attention and financial characteristics of Bitcoin, i. Our empirical results show supports in the behavior finance area and argue that investor attention is the granger cause to changes in Bitcoin market both in return and realized volatility. Moreover, we make in-depth investigations by exploring the linear and non-linear connections of investor attention on Bitcoin. The results indeed demonstrate that investor attention shows sophisticated impacts on return and realized volatility of Bitcoin.
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Best Places to Buy Bitcoin in 2022
Thoughts of the American frontier, also known as the Wild West, often conjure up visions of lawlessness and expansion into new unknown territory. This period is often characterized by volatility, risk, reward, and loss. Feelings of what it was like in the Wild West often hit close to home for those who find themselves within a period of history in which new markets, manufacturing processes, or technological innovation upset traditional ways of living or doing business. Today, the fast-changing state of the cryptocurrency market and the type of impact it will have on the future of commerce evoke many similar sentiments.
Mastering Bitcoin: Unlocking Digital CryptocurrenciesRELATED VIDEO: PlanB February Update: \
Bored Floki Yacht Club. Welcome to CoinMarketCap. This site was founded in May by Brandon Chez to provide up-to-date cryptocurrency prices, charts and data about the emerging cryptocurrency markets. Since then, the world of blockchain and cryptocurrency has grown exponentially and we are very proud to have grown with it. We take our data very seriously and we do not change our data to fit any narrative: we stand for accurately, timely and unbiased information.
Designed to avoid regulation – the real roots of bitcoin
Blockchain promises to solve this problem. The technology behind bitcoin, blockchain is an open, distributed ledger that records transactions safely, permanently, and very efficiently. For instance, while the transfer of a share of stock can now take up to a week, with blockchain it could happen in seconds. Blockchain could slash the cost of transactions and eliminate intermediaries like lawyers and bankers, and that could transform the economy. In this article the authors describe the path that blockchain is likely to follow and explain how firms should think about investments in it.
The Rise and Rise of Bitcoin
Although Bitcoin is mostly used as a decentralized application to transfer cryptocurrency, over the last 10 years there have been several studies on how to exploit Bitcoin to execute smart contracts. These are computer protocols which allow users to exchange bitcoins according to complex pre-agreed rules. Some of these studies introduce formal models of Bitcoin contracts, which specify their behavior in non-ambiguous terms, in some cases providing tools to automatically verify relevant contract properties. | <urn:uuid:c120489f-2460-45f5-b4ce-8855d8f4e687> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://safe-crypto.me/en/c72/ico/bitcoinary-review.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.935626 | 2,720 | 1.882813 | 2 |
A consultant has found that detailed flood mapping of a northern Victorian lakes system would be complex work and very costly.
The Corop Lakes system between Bendigo and Shepparton includes towns such as Colbinabbin and Stanhope.
Flooding hit the area during the summer of 2011 and early this year, damaging crops, fences and roads.
Local authorities commissioned a flood scoping study and the results were presented to the Campaspe Shire last night.
The researchers say the region's flat terrain, creeks and irrigation infrastructure make local flood conditions very complex.
They say detailed mapping would provide no significant benefits.
Instead, it has suggested that increased community awareness and improved warnings would help to boost the level of flood resilience. | <urn:uuid:e5147730-2fee-429c-8038-3573ddfb7b79> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-11-21/doubt-cast-over-detailed-flood-mapping-benefits/4383338 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.964837 | 153 | 2.453125 | 2 |
We continue our discussion of Kent Sparks’s book God’s Word in Human Words (GWHW) moving into Chapters 2 and 3: Historical Criticism and Assyriology and The Problem of Biblical Criticism.
Before diving into the topic of Biblical Criticism, Sparks considers Historical Criticism in the context of the study of the history and languages of ancient Mesopotamia, a truly fascinating topic. This is my kind of light reading. I have Kramer’s The Sumerians (a great book), Woolley’s The Sumerians, Oppenheim’s Ancient Mesopotamia, Dalley’s Myths from Mesopotamia and several others on the book shelf next to me as I write this post.
Sparks draws three basic conclusions from the considerations of chapter 2.
1. Historical criticism is a rigorous and scholarly endeavor.
Historical-critical judgments are products of academic expertise, in which intellectually gifted scholars apply their respective trades to very complex linguistic and archaeological data from the ancient world. … Consequently a certain humility is warranted when those outside a discipline wish to inquire about and evaluate the tried and tested conclusions of scholars in that discipline. (p. 70)
2. Human communication – both verbal and textual – is often something other than it appears at first glance.
Ancient texts are particularly rich in these ambiguous and deceptive qualities, since they were composed in genres quite different from our own and in contexts unfamiliar to us. According to historical criticism, the best way to compensate for our literary ignorance is to examine the texts with a critical eye and to attempt, as best we can, to situate the texts within the ancient world that produced them. (p. 70-71)
3. Modern critical scholars do not approach the biblical texts with more skepticism than other ancient texts. Historical criticism, plain and simple, is nothing more or less than reading a text in light of its context.
Sparks ends the chapter with two questions – the first leads into chapter 3: What are the results when the same methods are applied to biblical texts? The second is the question we need to consider as we read both these chapters (and the ones to follow).
To what extent is it legitimate to read the Bible through the lens of historical criticism?
Our faith is grounded in human history – a history with remains that can at times be read, touched, excavated, and even played in. This real history is subject to analysis by standard scholarly method. The third (rather long) chapter of GWHW presents an outline of the results of historical criticism applied to the text of the Bible with an introductory context:
If modern biblical criticism is to be proved right (or at least partly right) in the eyes of confessing evangelical Christians, then it must be proved right by taking the Bible seriously. … On this score, one thing is clear: Scripture presents itself both as the words of God and, often, as the words of human authors. (p. 76)
One more point before we get started. None of the perspectives that I present below are embraced by every critical scholar; in some cases even I have questions about the critical conclusions. So biblical scholarship is not something that offers us a long list of assured results. Nevertheless, as a rule, the views described below are widely held by scholars, and, in many cases are essentially matters of consensus. But more important in my opinion is that not a single view presented below fails to take the biblical evidence very seriously. I find this true even where I end up disagreeing in some measure with the standard viewpoint. (p.77)
Sparks then proceeds through a discussion of the problems within the Pentateuch; the problems of Israelite historiography in Samuel-Kings and 1-2 Chronicles; the three authors of Isaiah (pre-exile, exilic, and post-exilic); Ezekial’s prophecy about Tyre; the problem of the Gospels; the problem of the pastoral epistles; the problem of Daniel and Revelation; the problem of the Bible’s theological and ethical diversity; the problem of the Bible’s exegesis; and the role of propaganda. All covered in some 53 pages (p. 77-129) with footnotes, a few tables, but no pictures – as an outline of the issues, not an exhaustive treatment (of course).
If you have questions read the book. Sparks is a good writer and lays out the material in a readable fashion. Many of the issues he discusses are not particularly subtle. Some of them are issues that confront the lay reader even without particular training in biblical studies. It can be difficult to read the Bible in the light of common knowledge and retain a standard evangelical view of inspiration. Of course most evangelical scholars do have a more sophisticated view of scripture and inspiration. Yet there remain flashpoints that cause dissension and strife. Sparks includes some of these in his discussion as well.
According to Sparks the conclusions of biblical criticism, even with a good dose of epistemological humility
- Challenge traditional dating and authorship
- Raise serious questions of historicity for key events
- Suggest that scripture presents diverse theological views
- Question motives and insights of the biblical authors
These concerns must be reckoned with. As Sparks says: If the practitioners of biblical criticism are right on even a modest portion of their claims, then God’s written word certainly reflects more humanity than traditional evangelicals might expect. (p. 132)
Some dismiss the questions with the claim that “biblical criticism is pass? at best and dead at worst.” But this is not a very realistic claim (Perhaps not even for historical Jesus studies).
The overly optimistic claim to be able to get behind the text to the real Jesus, dissect Q into layers of development, or provide a complete reconstruction of the process of the composition of the Pentateuch are dead or mortally wounded – and rightly so.
The move by some to a postmodern antirealism (where the text can mean almost anything – the importance is not audience and author, but present perspective) is not worth serious consideration (although it can resemble in some ways the allegorical approach of early church fathers).
But it is equally true that the traditional literal reading of scripture is an intrinsically antirealist approach. If we can trust the evidence of our senses and our reason the pentatuech is not univocal (one author); the earth is not six to ten thousand years old; there was no global flood; and while we can argue about details of purpose and design, common descent is as nearly proven as anything can be in modern biology…
Ultimately we all are – or act as if we are – practical realists. We believe we can trust the evidence of our senses and our reason. In the field of biblical studies this means taking a chastened and more realistic approach to the text we have through the methods of historical criticism:
In practice this kind of scholarship does not look very different from the older brand of historical criticism. It weighs out the evidence, draws conclusions, and then decides how convincing those conclusions finally are; and it is not afraid to speak with confidence when confidence is warranted. But scholars who fully embrace this postmodern approach tend to be interested in different kinds of academic questions, and tend to be more attentive to the way in which their own perspectives affect their scholarship. Ideally they are also more open to reconsidering their scholarly convictions in the light of new evidence or arguments. (p. 130)
So what does this mean for the church?
This leads us to one of the most important questions confronting our evangelical church today. How do we incorporate modern historical criticism into our reading of scripture? To suggest that we should read the bible through the lens of historical criticism (or science) is, in my opinion, to deny the nature of the text as inspired by God, through his Spirit, for his purpose. On the other hand, to ignore the results of historical criticism (or science) and read the text in the traditional literalistic sense is an inherently antirealist approach. It prevents true understanding of the text by eliminating historical context from real consideration, it ignores the very real evidence of the text itself, and I suggest that it diminishes the very power of our faith.
Don’t we need to read the Bible as story, through the lens of faith, and informed by historical criticism?
What do you think?
One approach to work some of this out is the subject of the next several chapters of GWHW.
If you wish to contact me directly you may do so at rjs4mail [at] att.net. | <urn:uuid:9008e0d6-0ad4-4aa4-80cf-57edd447c10d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.beliefnet.com/columnists/jesuscreed/2009/05/the-bible-and-knowledge-3-rjs.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00334-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950435 | 1,777 | 2.5 | 2 |
Two hundred and two years ago, in September of 1814, Francis Scott Key wrote the lyrics to “The Star-Spangled Banner.” The song quickly gained popularity as an expression of patriotism and American values. In 1931, over a hundred years after it was written, Pres. Hoover and Congress made it the official national anthem.
But this decision was not inevitable. Many songs have served as unofficial anthems throughout America’s history, and Congress might have selected any one of them instead. Here are five songs that were almost the national anthem.
1. “Yankee Doodle Dandy”
During the Revolutionary War, the British army would sing “Yankee Doodle Dandy” to mock their American opponents. Rather than being offended, however, American soldiers decided to sing the tune themselves, reclaiming it as a point of pride. The song became America’s unofficial anthem for years after the war.
2. “America the Beautiful”
English teacher Katherine Lee Bates wrote the song “America the Beautiful” in 1893. She felt inspired to write it after making a trip to Colorado and taking a wagon up the 14,000-foot mountain known as Pikes Peak. She described feeling a “great joy” upon seeing the view from the mountaintop.
“All the wonder of America seemed displayed there, with sea-like expanse,” she wrote.
The song was a top contender for the national anthem in 1926.
3. “Hail, Columbia”
Philip Phile composed the music of “Hail, Columbia” for George Washington’s inauguration. A decade later, Pennsylvanian lawyer Joseph Hopkinson added lyrics to the music. Hopkinson addressed the song to “Columbia”—the female personification of America. It was popular during that time to imagine Columbia as a feminine guardian of the United States, as Britannia is to the U.K.
The song was considered America’s unofficial national anthem during much of the nineteenth century. It is now used as the Vice President’s entrance song.
4. “Battle Hymn of the Republic”
In 1861, abolitionist Julia Ward Howe rewrote the lyrics to a popular but unseemly campfire spiritual called “John Brown’s Body.” The result was “Battle Hymn of the Republic”: an intensely patriotic song that testified to the moral and religious dimensions of the Union cause. The song served as the Union’s rallying cry during the Civil War. After the Civil War, many northerners wanted to make the song the country’s national anthem, but southerners rejected the proposal.
5. “My Country ‘Tis of Thee”
Rev. Samuel Francis Smith wrote the lyrics to “My Country ‘Tis of Thee” in 1831. He is alleged to have written it in thirty minutes on a rainy day. For the tune, he used something he found in a German songbook that he thought sounded patriotic. That something turned out to be a derivative of the British national anthem, “God Save the Queen.” The song quickly gained popularity despite its British origins, and until 1931, it was counted among the country’s unofficial anthems.
Compared to these five songs, how does "The Star-Spangled Banner" hold up? Did Congress make the right choice? | <urn:uuid:95e61b92-f573-4521-bfec-d4c824118720> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://townhall.com/tipsheet/catherinedunn/2016/09/16/five-songs-that-were-almost-the-national-anthem-n2218303 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.967595 | 727 | 3.625 | 4 |
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