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The American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT) is the professional association for the field of marriage and family therapy. We represent the professional interests of more than 24,000 marriage and family therapists throughout the United States, Canada and abroad.
Since our founding in 1942, the AAMFT has been involved with the problems, needs and changing patterns of couples and family relationships. The association leads the way to increasing understanding, research and education in the field of marriage and family therapy, and ensuring that the public’s needs are met by trained practitioners. The AAMFT provides individuals with the tools and resources they need to succeed as marriage and family therapists.
Our members meet rigorous standards for education and training and are held to the highest ethical standards of the profession. Clinical Members have met the highest standards of the profession for education and clinical experience. Associate and Student membership categories are available for therapists in training for clinical practice. Members of allied professions and other persons who are interested in marriage and family therapy are eligible to become Affiliate Members.
What We Do
Our association facilitates research, theory development and education. We develop standards for graduate education and training, clinical supervision, professional ethics and the clinical practice of marriage and family therapy.
The AAMFT hosts an annual national training conference each fall as well as a week-long series of continuing education institutes in the summer and winter. We publish the scholarly research journal Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, news about the field in Family Therapy Magazine, and a variety of brochures and pamphlets that inform the public about the field of marriage and family therapy. Also, we offer a range of professional and practice development products, including videotapes, books and brochures.
How to Buy a Wife and Start a Family
If you’re an aspiring bachelor, you may be wondering how to buy a wife. It’s not as difficult as it sounds; all you have to do is register with an online dating service, pick a woman from a catalog, and make a payment. Once you’ve chosen a wife, you can proceed to find her in other countries. This process is not just a fad, but is completely real and legal in many countries. Many wealthy bachelors opt for brides in countries with large ransoms and arranged marriages.
Benefits to using a mail order bride service
Typically, a service will have an extensive database of verified profiles. It also provides professional online support and will refund your money if the woman is not as described in the profile. You can also find a wife through their advanced algorithm. A website such as EliteSingles will allow you to search a variety of profiles and contact them to arrange a date. You can also set up video calls with your bride.
One of the main advantages of mail order brides is their reliability. Because they are not married, these ladies are usually single, trustworthy, and looking for love. These women will stay on the website to get to know men and find a husband. Despite the stigma attached to buying a wife, this option is actually quite common today. Many girls from other regions know that there is a high demand for women in the United States and will travel long distances to meet men.
Another advantage of mail order brides is their ability to reach women across the globe. Unlike the traditional methods of marriage, the services allow you to find the perfect partner for yourself. The cost of this service can vary by country. In some countries, women seeking foreign husbands are unpopular, so the cost of dating with mail order brides can be much higher than for a popular destination. However, in terms of flight tickets and accommodation, some countries are cheaper than others.
Mail order brides also tend to prefer Americans because of their personal attributes. In comparison to a foreigner, an American outperforms his foreign counterpart in terms of education, masculinity, and developed sense of humor. The thought of settling in an American city or country is a powerful catalyst for developing country wives. These women are more likely to marry an American man due to the opportunity to pursue their dreams. However, the process is still risky.
Western men often choose Indonesian brides for their commitment to family. After all, Indonesian brides will always view...
Many Western men secretly wish for Asian brides. These beautiful exotic beauties prove to be great mothers and wives. Holding down the traditional cultural views on family and marriage, they have thus become the prime attraction for foreign men. Single Asian ladies often opt to seek love opportunities outside of their homeland because they do not see positive life prospects with native men. For this reason, western men… | <urn:uuid:4054d419-7c7b-4e36-a49b-1731ff98a0ac> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.aamftca.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.96342 | 945 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Personal Income In Louisiana Rises
Personal income in Louisiana has risen nearly 5% between 2010 and 2011. A report by the US Bureau of Economic Analysis says total personal income in Louisiana for 2011 was $176 billion.
The Bayou State now ranks 28th in the nation, up from 44th just a few years ago. LSU Economist Dr. Loren Scott says the healthy increase in personal income can be traced back to the hurricanes of 2005.
Dr. Scott says the post-Katrina population is back to within a small percentage of where we were before the storms, but the population has seen a shift toward higher income workers. He says that shift has helped average personal income in the state move up sharply in a short time.
Dr. Scott says the boom in the chemical industry will add large numbers of well paid jobs in areas around Lake Charles and Baton Rouge in coming years. | <urn:uuid:aafad7cb-9afe-4eaf-866d-b80dfc780f4f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://kpel965.com/personal-income-in-louisiana-rises/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00359-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961522 | 178 | 1.5625 | 2 |
By Armin Baldwin
According to Iran Human Rights Monitor website sources, on Wednesday September 5, a group of eight prisoners were hanged in Rajai Shahr Prison.
Charged with murder, the victims were identified as Reza Ghasemi, Zolalzadeh, Amir Amindokht, Seyed Mahmood Hosseini, Mehdi Tajik, Akbar Salimi, Kazem Ibrahimkhani and Shahab Taghizadeh. A source told IHR that Tuesday morning their families were called for a last meeting with the prisoners.
On the same day, Iranian regime executed Hamidreza Derakhshandeh, a man who had killed Mohammad Khorsand, the regime’s notorious Friday Prayer Leader in Kazerun.
State media reported that regime authorities in the city of Babol in the northern Province Mazandaran, also hanged a man in public on Monday, August 26.
In tandem, regime authorities also executed a woman in Mashhad prison, which was the 94th woman executed during the presidency of Hassan Rouhani.
The Iranian regime is the record holder of executions per capita. More than 3,800 people have been executed during the tenure of Iranian regime president Hassan Rouhani.
“Last year saw increasing restrictions on the right to freedom of expression and continuing violations of the right to life, liberty and a fair trial in the Islamic Republic, including 253 reported executions of adults and children,” Javaid Rehman, special rapporteur on the human rights situation in Iran, wrote in his report to the UN General Assembly on August 16. | <urn:uuid:bd461a7f-24b1-4394-9ecc-a9d47bbf02d9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stopfundamentalism.com/news/human-rights/iran-8-prisoners-hanged-in-rajai-shahr-prison | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.96292 | 328 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Already 4 of 6 students have been placed in new jobs based on their training through the program. [Update: An earlier version of this story said 5 of 6 students were placed in new jobs.]
The program focuses on four modules: Foundations of Python Programming, Data Manipulation and Management, Statistics and Computational Modeling and Data Visualization.
The modules are led by four instructors who work full-time in the data science field.
Students who complete all four modules receive a certificate of Fundamentals of Data Science.
For eligable students, the Nebraska CONNECT Grant will fund tuition 100%. The CONNECT grant provides workforce training in the IT field for unemployed and underemployed individuals.
The next cohort begins January 23. According to Watson, 6 of 10 slots have already been filled for the program. If you are interested in applying for the program, visit the course page at Interface Web School. | <urn:uuid:5191da37-c440-475c-b21e-2767916d7290> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://siliconprairienews.com/2017/01/omaha-data-science-academy-launched-interface-contemporary-analysis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00458-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935987 | 187 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Memorandum by The Public Transport Consortium
THE BUS INDUSTRY
SHIRE AREA BUS SERVICES IN THE DEREGULATED
1. THE PUBLIC
1.1 The Public Transport Consortium is an
all party grouping of local authorities outside the metropolitan
areas with a responsibility for, and a particular interest in,
public transport. It is a Special Interest Group of the Local
Government Association and its members are County Councils and
Unitary Authorities in England and Wales with direct experience
of bus operations.
1.2 It is fair to say that generally Consortium
members are becoming increasingly concerned at the ability of
the industry to meet the Government's targets set out in the 10
Year Plan, of which members are in general in full support. This
paper discusses the situation outside metropolitan areas and suggests
some ways in which changes to the current approach could help
towards those objectives.
2. THE CURRENT
2.1 The total bus network is made up of
commercial (profitable) and supported services. The supported
network is typically 20-30 per cent of the total, with the emphasis
on evening, weekend, school and rural services.
2.2 The worst performing supported services
require the highest subsidy per passenger. An effective co-ordinating
authority will monitor this area closely seeking good housekeeping
savings and more cost-effective solutions, or non-conventional
2.3 The commercial network is typically
70-80 per cent of the total and are mainly daytime Mondays-Fridays/Saturdays
urban and interurban services.
2.4 The interface between the networks is
unstable. Supported networks must respond to operators' actions
on the poorest performing commercial services. As this interface
is related to commercial financial performance, it is not clearly
defined and the reality is that commercial and supported services
are to a large extent intertwined.
2.5 The Transport Co-ordinating Authorities
are in an inevitable reactive role with respect to commercial
changes at the interface, and because marginal commercial services
compare with the best performing support services, the deregistration
of commercial services prompts the co-ordinating authority to
replace them with supported services. Without consequent action
to achieve saving in the area of poorest performing services the
support bill will increase.
2.6 In many cases up to about 40 per cent
of the shire authority supported network is concerned with the
carriage of children to and from schoolpartly for statutory
free transport and partly for fare paying students. The supported
network is therefore closely related to the overall provision
of free school transport by the LEA.
2.7 The operators that tender for contracts
to the co-ordinating authority to operate the services in the
supported network are, by and large, the operators who provide
the services in the commercial network. By far the majority of
all services are provided by large national (and now multinational)
companies like Arriva, First and Stagecoach. In the UK context,
the most profitable areas in which these companies operate are
the larger urban areas where passenger volumes are already high
and there is potential to generate sufficient increases in patronage
(and therefore revenue) to justify large scale investment in new
vehicles and equipment.
2.8 This serves to disadvantage the shire
authority areas where there is, for sound commercial reasons,
less incentive for investment in predominantly small and medium
sized towns and rural services. Quality Partnerships (QPs) are
therefore orientated to the better performing commercial routes
where operators can expect to get best returns from investment
in new vehicles. Hence a large proportion of the network is unlikely
to benefit from Quality Partnership development in the short/medium
2.9 The commercial services that do exist
in the more rural shire authority areas are lower priority and
poorer performers than elsewhere. Investment in new vehicles is
therefore less likely and many services are operated by buses
cascaded in from conurbations following delivery of new vehicles
to replace them in these areas. Even where new vehicles have appeared
on quality partnerships, the message from operators in shire areas
is that future QPs may be provided with refurbished cascaded buses
rather than new ones.
2.10 The conflict between conurbation and
small town/rural services comes into stark relief in places like
Cheshire where the shire county has three neighbouring conurbations,
two of which have PTEs. There is a great contrast between QP activity
in, for example, Manchester and in Cheshire towns.
2.11 Notwithstanding the greater opportunities
in the conurbations, the shire areas still have significant social
exclusion issues to tackle in which transport plays a major role,
especially in rural areas and enclaves of multiple deprivation
in many small and medium sized towns.
3.1.1 Having recognised that QPs are likely
to be limited to the best performing commercial services it is
necessary to address the mechanisms available to improve the broad
band of only moderately performing services in the commercial
sector. Some mechanisms are already available, though with differing
levels of practicality.
3.2 Rural Bus Service Grant (RBSG) and Challenge
3.2.1 These are welcome as they allow for
new initiatives to be developed. RBSG provides the opportunity
to support and experiment with more marginal services than conventional
bus support permits. Quality can be addressed by specifying or
purchasing new accessible vehicles.
3.2.2 There remains concern about the long
term continuity of these services if RBSG is eventually withdrawn.
RBC allows experimentation away from the traditional method of
providing bus services with opportunity for more of a community
focus for using other vehicles besides conventional buses. Concerns
remain about exit strategies and continuity after, say, three
years. From recent discussions with the Minister it seems that
it be will necessary to continue support for these operations
from ordinary revenue support funds, at the expense of some conventional
services, thus adding to the problem referred to earlier.
3.3 Quality Contracts (QCs)
3.3.1 QCs are seen in the Transport Act
(2000) as the means of addressing improvement where QPs cannot
be provided. Effectively the QC gives the co-ordinating authority
the means to establish a London-style franchise operation, eliminating
on the road competition. However, there are a number of difficult
aspects which are making co-ordinating authorities reluctant to
pursue the QC approach:
The co-ordinating authority is likely
to want to improve frequencies and quality of vehicles, so there
could be significant funding issues. If more vehicles are needed
to operate a QC, new premises may be needed and cost increases
could be substantial.
If an operator were to lose its network,
must it be compensated for the assets no longer needed?
If a QC is implemented to improve
the network within a given area and 50 per cent of the local service
is provided by through running interurban routes, must these be
incorporated within the contract?
3.4 Alternatives to the Bus
3.4.1 Alternatives are inhibited inter
alia by the licensing regime, the vested interests of commercial
operators and the resource commitment falling primarily to the
co-ordinating authorities in setting up and supporting innovative
3.4.2 Nevertheless it is arguable that the
bus, outside the larger towns, is no longer a product which has
the power to persuade car users to switch to public transport.
The low frequency, fixed route large vehicle with problems of
unreliability and low service levels in the evening and at weekends
does not meet many of today's requirements.
3.4.3 There is scope for smaller, higher
quality vehicles providing door to door services to replace large
tracts of the conventional bus network. Many people today are
happy to choose taxis as an alternative to the car whilst they
would not consider the bus. Nevertheless the conventional taxi
with associated high charges is not the appropriate replacement
for the bus. The characteristic of the two modes must be melded
into an attractive alternative to both. Up to now developments
in this direction have been largely confined to the thinner areas
of demand in the rural areas as an alternative to the supported
bus. Commercial inertia and legislative restrictions have discouraged
innovation in commercial bus areas, where current ridership levels
are sufficient to provide a base load upon which attractive innovative
services can be developed. Here lies an opportunity to address
radically the middle ground of commercial bus and taxi operation
in the shire areas to provide an attractive alternative to the
4. BARRIERS TO
4.1 Commercial Interests
4.1.1 The statutory separation of the supported
and commercial networks is an underlying barrier to integration.
The 1985 Transport Act effectively prevents co-ordinating authorities
from intervention in the commercial area.
4.1.2 Fundamentally commercial competition
clouds the opportunities that operators may have to provide integrated
facilities. A significant proportion of corridors served commercially
are served by more than one operator. They inevitably see themselves
in a competitive position and the impact of this competition tends
away from the provision of an integrated approach to the customers,
as is evident in unco-ordinated timetables, incomplete publicity
and separate ticket system without inter-availability.
4.2 Competition Law
4.2.1 Commercial operators who may recognise
the overall advantages of co-operation to produce an integrated
and co-ordinated network are inhibited by competition legislation.
Agreement on operation is generally deemed to be anti-competitive,
so that on joint corridors spreading operation so that a regular
headway is created and acceptance of each other's return or season
tickets become difficult. The average member of the public is
generally only interested in catching the first available bus,
rather than the exercise of consumer choice. Insistence on a competitive
interface between operators overlooks the main competitor which
is the private car.
4.3.1 Publicity on bus services is generally
poor: it can often be incomplete, difficult to understand or out
of date. If potential passengers find it difficult to obtain information
or receive wrong information on bus services, it is likely that
they will be resistant to switching to public transport. Similarly,
if at the bus stop no information is available, the customer is
left in an uncertain situation at an often exposed and isolated
location. Good publicity and information is therefore paramount
in encouraging greater bus use and it is generally held that the
cost of effective publicity can be recovered in the revenue from
resulting increased ridership.
4.3.2 In some areas publicity is still largely
left to the operators. However, many local authorities have endeavoured,
over the last 15 years in the deregulated market, to provide a
comprehensive and up to date service. Without this, in a competitive
situation an enquiry to a bus operator information point might
have produced misleading information with an unwillingness to
give details of the next bus or the full timetable on routes where
commercial competition is occurring.
4.3.3 The Transport Act 2000 makes provision
for co-ordinating authorities to take on the publicity role (and
charge operators), if they consider that operators are failing
to provide the required service. It is important that authorities
take up this responsibility and are not inhibited by resistance
from operators to making financial contributions. | <urn:uuid:95cd2010-2570-4aeb-9a79-a42f68d92ff5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmtlgr/828/828ap46.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00569-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926412 | 2,423 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Light, Land and Water - Beauty in Africa - Review
Feature by Veronica Blake
AN exhibition of black and white fine art photographs by John Kenny.
JOHN Kenny spent much of 2006 travelling to remote regions of Namibia, Uganda, Kenya and Ethiopia in search of images that captured the power and beauty of the people and their environment.
The locations he chose shared a common bond – a desperate shortage of water. This life-giving element is predicted to be the source of many future conflicts and its absence is key to the behaviour of the tribes and wildlife he encountered. It is also reflected in the patterns and form of the dramatic landscapes.
The exhibition includes stunning portraits of some of Africa’s remotest tribes, such as the nomadic Karo of the Omo Valley in Ethiopia. The faces display a pride shaped by fierce rivalries over scarce resources, and centuries of tradition.
John’s eye was also drawn to the landscape and the line, form and texture of areas where the influence of water is minimal.
These include ghostly copses of trees that died over seven hundred years ago and towering sand dunes from the Namibia Desert, dramatically illuminated and criss-crossed with the tracks of dew-collecting beetles.
“I was fascinated by how Africa and its people are still governed by fundamental patterns in their environment,” he explains. “The challenge was to portray the inherent elegance of the people, animals and their surroundings as well as illustrating the privilege I felt at being amongst them.”
The photographer, John Kenny is a Manchester-born photographer with a fascination for line and pattern, and a desire to reveal the inner beauty of his subjects.
His style is inspired by the darkroom technique of the masters.
“I imagine the illumination in advance, and then do everything I can to achieve that visualisation,” he says.
In his latest work this was anything but routine…
“In many villages I had no obvious means of communicating, yet needed the subject’s cooperation to find the spectacular lighting that I had imagined. The heat was often fierce, the natural light intense, and the villagers, many carrying guns, sceptical.
“Yet eventually, through humour and a growing mutual respect, I managed to achieve the feel I was looking for.”
The results are simply breathtaking. Tribespeople appear to emerge from an enveloping darkness, their skin shimmering with a metallic tone, their expressions proud yet relaxed.
All of this was achieved using only the ambient light of a borrowed village hut and a lot of patience.
John’s exhibition Still Lives was listed in the British Journal of Photography’s Top Five during October 2005.
From the same body of work, the Lady in White was selected as Image of the Week in The Times and was used extensively in the publicity for the 2006 UK Affordable Art Fair.
Photographs from the subcontinent also featured in the India special of Conde Nast Traveller magazine.
Imagery from the current body of work, Light, Land and Water: Beauty in Africa, has been used as publicity for this year’s Affordable Art Fair (2007) and will be published later this year.
The exhibition is showing at the London gallery Capital Culture until April 28, 2007. The gallery is open from Monday to Friday, from 11am to 6pm; Sat: 1pm-5pm. Entrance to the exhibition is free. Capital Culture is located at 3 Bedfordbury, Covent Garden (behind the London Coliseum). | <urn:uuid:32bb7eb3-ef96-454b-9ed4-8df9f224a8ec> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.indielondon.co.uk/Events-Review/light-land-and-water-beauty-in-africa-review | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00536-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971217 | 734 | 1.945313 | 2 |
MILLINOCKET, Maine – It hasn’t drawn the number of students originally anticipated, but the Millinocket School Department’s efforts to bring more Chinese national students to town will be bolstered by Superintendent Kenneth Smith’s trip to China later this month, he says.
Smith will leave April 11 and return April 26. In between, Smith will visit Beijing, Shanghai and a third city to recruit more Chinese students and check on China-based educational initiatives that will bring as much as $200,000 to town schools starting in September, he said.
“It is absolutely essential that we have the program and continue to grow the program,” Smith said Monday. “I think that any money we bring in adds to the school system. There is no other money coming in because the revenue from the state and federal government is going down and we have had to cut our budget over $1 million in the last two years.”
Millinocket has seven Chinese students enrolled at Stearns High School, Smith said, and has established a dual diploma program in China — essentially a franchising of the school’s curricula — with a sister school.
Millinocket will make $44,000 in franchise fees this year, or $1,000 per Chinese student enrolled in the China-based high school, Smith has said. That, and a second franchise just approved, should draw $100,000 to $200,000 next year, Smith said.
On his trip, Smith will ensure that the schools are performing per educational standards, “answer parents’ questions and recruit more students to come over here,” he said.
It is impossible to yet say how many students will be recruited to come to Millinocket, Smith said.
Millinocket school leaders made international news, and drew some international criticism, about two years ago when they announced they wanted to enroll 60 Chinese students in a program starting in September 2011 that would offer them a taste of American life at a typical rural American high school.
It is among several Maine municipalities hoping to accomplish those goals and not the only one to encounter growth pains. An informal poll of state public high schools’ Chinese student enrollments taken in February showed the most students, 12, at Orono High School. Some private schools had close to 100.
Millinocket residents generally approved of the plan. Recruiting difficulties accounted for the school attracting only three Chinese students last year, school officials have said. School officials hope that the Chinese students will offset declining local student enrollments and school funding while providing the students and community with a glimpse of another culture.
Hopes of recruiting more Chinese students were bolstered when 26 Chinese students and three teachers participated in a new, weeklong intensive English and environmental sciences summer program at Stearns last summer. Smith will be visiting with the families of some of those students to get some of them enrolled at Stearns.
As many as 100 Chinese students could eventually attend Stearns, said Smith, who has made several trips to China. | <urn:uuid:ead1bfb7-5307-44a3-b9d2-6a4c13a5fc9c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://bangordailynews.com/2013/04/02/news/millinocket-schools-continue-effort-to-build-china-program/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719273.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00065-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974299 | 631 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Ah, the joys of writing about history on the web … you post something one day and suddenly the world explodes.
This is good because it means history is what it should be – challenging and fun.
What’s prompted this is that in the last few weeks Scotland has gone completely bonkers on tapestry. It is now weaving its history literally as well as metaphorically.
It started for me with a post on the first technicolor film (recently unearthed by the British Council) showing Harris Tweed weavers. Away from home, Scottish weavers were also leading footie lights in establishing FC Barcelona – as Lee Roden outlines here.
Next came Dovecot Studios’ splendid Centenary exhibition under the enthusiastic direction of David “Wheels” Weir. They have also produced two tapestries of the William Wallace letters for the National Records of Scotland’s exhibition. And then came news that the Fleming Collection in London plans to bring the Unicorn Tapestries over next year.
When’s this all going to end? Not for a while yet. Two major new tapestries are also under way. The Great Tapestry of Scotland Project is the brainchild of Sandy McCall Smith, who wrote the libretto for Dovecot’s musical celebration.
He and historian Alistair Moffat also claim to have Jim Naughtie on board, which is clearly ridiculous. Naughtie wouldn’t touch a project that didn’t devote at least one of its panels to Aberdeen FC’s celebrated triumph at Gothenburg in 1983..
The second project is the Scottish Diaspora Tapestry designed to tell the stories of Scots communities around the world.
Both are hugely ambitious and based on the success of the Prestonpans Tapestry – now going on display in Bayeux and North America. What’s brilliant about them all is that they involve ordinary people working with designer Andrew Crummy and stitching their interpretations. Hand made history with needle and thread.
There is fun in it too – one of the Redcoats in the Prestonpans battle scene appears to have a mobile phone. And on the web, there are a myriad of weavers and knitters – I like the highlandknitwits on ravelry.com. Even folk in twitter sending out twapestries or tweeds.
All of this is hugely exciting. It comes alongside other promising developments in digital history which offer Dundee a new monicker as the City of Jute, Jam, Journalism and Java Script. As well providing the inspiration for Millwall FC.
On another front, Tobar an Dualchais is now going to pilot a national audio archive with the National Library of Scotland. They can draw on wider collections like the wonderful Rare Tunes set up by Derek Hoy and Stuart Eydmann.
So time to tune in, turn on and let it all hang…. up on the wall.
Categories: history on the web | <urn:uuid:d2803992-e5b4-4012-955d-cbf7713a30d0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://historycompany.co.uk/2012/08/10/scotland-goes-tapestry-bonkers/?shared=email&msg=fail | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.940326 | 619 | 1.875 | 2 |
Today we’ll find out and answer your question: Are ride-on cars worth it? Cars, vans and even front-loader vehicles captivate children and give major car manufacturers commercial opportunities. The word “ride-on” refers to any toy that can be ridden on. This covers motorcycles, scooters, trikes, balance bikes, animals and even hybrid vehicles.
For most people, when they think of ride-on toys, they think of a version of a vehicle, truck, or animal that a child sits on and uses his feet to move around the room. In reality, children will have to sit or stand on a toy ride, and they may be driven by, pushed or dragged by you, or even motorized today. Rocking toys, including a rocking horse, can also be used as a toy ride. How the toy vehicle is driven is a significant aspect since different models are best suited to children at different development levels.
Ride-on with a handle so that a parent or a sibling can push is perfect for little ones who haven’t yet found out how to propel their car. Some of them will also act as a walker for babies who are just learning to walk. Self-propelled toys may be foot-powered or pedal-powered. Children will usually be able to use a foot-powered toy until they are powerful and balanced enough to use a pedal-powered toy.
When they’re a little bigger and steady on their feet, you’ll almost definitely want a scooter or even a luxury car to add to the set. These are usually not suitable for indoor use unless you have a lot of space, but they’re great outdoor fun.
Are ride-on cars worth it?
We’ve all been to children’s groups, and we’ve seen how famous the ride-on toy cars and tractors are. Every child wants to play on them, race up and down the hall, and fights will easily break out if they’re not treated equally or given the same amount of time to ride on the cars.
But they do have a lot of fun, some fantastic developmental benefits, and many of them can be used outside. Learning to ride a bike is something that many kids have known as a rite of passage in their youth.
However, it can still be challenging to decide if these same toys will have the same attention at home. Most of us don’t have a village hall of room for kids to ride in. Even if we do it, it’s either outdoors or full of stuff that makes kids driving tricky at best, so you ought to make a smart decision when it comes to ride-on toys.
Still can’t decide?
If you need more convincing why ride-on cars are worth it, here are a few more reasons:
First, riding on toys is fun and gives your child a sense of independence.
They build their legs and core power. It can also develop their gross motor abilities by using their legs to propel the car forward, using it as a walker, etc.
Driving on ride-ons can tune their fine motor skills using the dials and buttons with many versions. Driving with others can also grasp the relationship between their behaviour and their effects, using them as a cause and effect toy. It allows their imagination to run freely because their car is close to the real thing.
Here at KidsVIP, we have a great selection of ride-on cars for all ages! Just simply browse our website or contact us if you need any assistance. | <urn:uuid:af9fdf94-1eb7-4ad7-bb7f-903f852f36e2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kidsvip.ca/are-ride-on-cars-worth-it-lets-find-out/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573667.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819100644-20220819130644-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.968808 | 747 | 2.015625 | 2 |
When planting trees please be aware of nearby storm and sewer lines. Tree roots searching for sources of nutrients can cause severe damage to both public and private pipelines.
Leaves can cause numerous problems this time of year. Please be sure to keep leaves out of the gutters and off streets and sidewalks. We will do our best to keep the streets and gutters clean but we need the help of all residents to keep sidewalks, gutters and/or drainage ditches as litter-free as possible.
Every year rainfall leaks vast amounts of water from the storm drains into the sewer system. It is very expensive to treat extra water that does not need to be treated. The City of Winston addresses these leaks as much as possible but we need your help. Any residents with knowledge of rainwater going into the sanitary sewer system rather than the storm sewer are encouraged to report it to Public Works.
Don’t forget that school is back in session now. Please keep an eye out for School Zones.
This is a great time of year to think about winterizing your home and garden. Close your foundation vents, detach your hoses and wrap any unprotected lines that can not be drained for the winter.
Thank you and have a wonderful Autumn. | <urn:uuid:996bc5b2-97a0-4ce3-a4ab-2720abaa8701> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.winstoncity.org/public_works.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719136.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00466-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95071 | 253 | 2.296875 | 2 |
At five mining sites in the West, you can play prospector and collect your own gems.
The states of the West are rich in precious gemstones, and there's no need to stake a claim to unearth some yourself. At fee mining sites, you pony up a bit of cash and some sweat equity for the chance of a priceless payback.
DUST DEVIL MINING CO. Plush, Ore. Use a pick, shovel, and screen—all provided on-site—to prospect for the state gem, the sunstone, in south central Oregon's lava flows. (503) 965-7707, www.dustdevilmining.com.
EMERALD CREEK GARNET AREA Idaho Panhandle National Forests, St. Maries, Idaho. Screen stockpiled gravel in a sluice to search for star garnet, the Gem State stone. (208) 245-2531, www.fs.fed.us/ipnf/rec/activities.html.
OCEANVIEW MINE Pala, Calif. In the late 1800s, the empress dowager of China began obsessively buying up pink tourmaline from Pala's mines. She didn't get it all; the remaining gems include tourmaline, garnet, and aquamarine. (760) 489-1566, www.digforgems.com.
RAINBOW RIDGE OPAL MINE Denio, Nev. This is one of several opal mines that dot the arid Virgin Valley, where fire opals formed some 15 million years ago in cavities left by trees buried under volcanic ash. (775) 941-0270.
SPOKANE BAR SAPPHIRE MINE Helena, Mont. Dig for sapphires of varying colors in a gravel bar above the Missouri River. (406) 227-8989, www.sapphiremine.com.
Illustration by Michael Klein
This article was first published in July 2006. Some facts may have aged gracelessly. Please call ahead to verify information. | <urn:uuid:41dc9914-d903-449d-af24-0e032325dffa> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.viamagazine.com/attractions/all-gems-you-can-dig | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00024-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.89012 | 439 | 1.75 | 2 |
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Teacher Resources by Grade
|1st - 2nd||3rd - 4th|
|5th - 6th||7th - 8th|
|9th - 10th||11th - 12th|
Students as Creators: Exploring Copyright
|Grades||6 – 8|
|Lesson Plan Type||Standard Lesson|
|Estimated Time||Five 50-minute sessions|
Asheville, North Carolina
This lesson gives students the tools they need to consider the ethical issues surrounding use and ownership of copyrighted materials. Students discuss how to tell if a work is protected and how copyright affects their ability to use resources in their own work. They use five key questions to determine if they can legally use a resource. Students then use specific tools and resources to find works that are in the public domain and explore how to contact copyright holders for permission to use works that are not in the public domain. Next, students practice properly citing multimedia resources. Finally, students explore how and when to protect their own works from copyright infringement. This lesson can be used in conjunction with any student project to address copyright.
This lesson plan was developed as part of a collaborative professional project with the American Library Association Office for Information Technology Policy and the American Association of School Librarians (AASL).
"Can I Use It?" Checklist for Copyright Clearance: Students and teachers can use the chart on this printout to determine if a particular resource can be legally used in students' work.
Copyright Organizer: Students can use this printout to document resources they may want to use in a project or paper.
Fair Use law relaxes restrictions about acceptable use of copyrighted material in student work. It is still important, however, that students understand the more stringent rules that apply outside Fair Use. They will need to work within these rules outside school, and, as is increasingly common, when publishing their works on the Web. By giving students strategies for determining whether a use of copyrighted work is acceptable, demonstrating the means by which they can obtain permission to use a copyrighted work, and asking them to consider the possibility of copyrighting their own works, educators foster an understanding of both the purpose and means of respecting the intellectual property rights of others.
Hobbs, Renee. Copyright Clarity: How Fair Use Supports Digital Learning. Urbana, IL: NCTE, 2010.
Copyright Kids. Copyright Society of the USA. 2007.
NCTE Executive Committee, November 2008. Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for Media Literacy Education. Online: http://www.ncte.org/positions/statements/fairusemedialiteracy.
Hobbs, Renee. "Best Practices Help End Copyright Confusion". The Council Chronicle 18.3 (March 2009): 12-27. | <urn:uuid:8d9c9c18-c579-4f3e-a878-4232551bd7aa> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.readwritethink.org/classroom-resources/lesson-plans/students-creators-exploring-copyright-1085.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720737.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00220-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.89527 | 657 | 3.609375 | 4 |
I observed this when letting the heated car idle with A/C off and ambient temperature of 30C.
To observe the heat, I took off the hose on top of the coolant tank that feeds water back into the tank, let it flow down on the ground while I make sure the tank stays filled.
-Temperature shows 88C. Fan Off.
-Temperature showing 95C, but clearly the water is steaming and at boiling point, Fan starts at perhaps Step 2
-The fan started, but it is too late, temperature keeps rising and water starts boiling heavily
I had to drain the air out of the system after this and continue doing it a couple of loops. I don't experience the overheating issue lately.
My friends tell me this is normal behavior.
Except it can be improved with this:
A) My fan may be too weak, needs re-work (40$ at a specialist)
B) I saw a hose that is bent at the front of the engine. Shady work from previous owner. (0.1$ DIY)
C) another hose at the front of the engine is probably leaking, rusty residue around the joints. (0.2$ DIY)
D) My radiator is not air-tight, rusty ($$$)
I'll do A,B,C later this month. | <urn:uuid:fe035be0-f53d-40eb-9990-1f4eedf6e237> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.alfaowner.com/Forum/alfa-147-156-andamp-gt/57766-overheating-when-a-c-is-off.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719465.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00095-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952542 | 277 | 1.671875 | 2 |
The Klem Project, by Korean designer Lee Jinyoung, aims to put a pair of shoes on every child and adult in Malawi. The innovative project enables locals to make their own shoes with an easy DIY process using recycled tires and remnant fabric. The shoes protect locals from being susceptible to diseases that could be picked up by walking in the elements barefoot.
PREVIOUSLY ON ECOUTERRE: Access to Shoes Could Eradicate Devastating Tropical Foot Disease
The Klem project puts the local Malawi people in control of their own destiny and safety. Many locals, both children and adults, are unable to afford shoes, spending foreign aid on more vital daily necessities. Children have become accustomed to going barefoot, which not only damages their tiny toes, but can also making catching infection easier as germs are exposed to wears and tears within the skin of the feet.
Klem shoes have an open design, letting locals make them easily and fit to their size. A bottom protecting layer of recycled tired is cut into a sole shape and acts as the anchor of the design. The remainder of the shoe was designed to use minimal fabric, making it easy to transform old clothing or remnant fabric into a wearable shoe. The shoe is then stitched together using thread or string, fitting snuggly on the foot.
Jinyoung has made the Klem Shoe an Open Design project, meaning that the pattern is accessible to anyone for free at the public level, and preventing mass production for profit. | <urn:uuid:a59ceee9-6265-49d2-9524-1953ec1d7385> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ecouterre.com/the-klem-project-helps-impoverished-communities-make-their-own-shoes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00193-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95928 | 310 | 3.046875 | 3 |
February 01, 2011
Thailand has reaffirmed that a disputed temple on the common border with Cambodia is situated on Thai territory and demanded that Phnom Penh remove both the temple and its flag.
"Thailand maintains that the Keo Sikha Kiri Svara Pagoda is situated on Thai territory, and demands that Cambodia remove both the pagoda and the Cambodian flag flying over the pagoda," the Thai Foreign Ministry said in a statement received by media late Monday.
"This is a reiteration of the many protests that Thailand has submitted to Cambodia regarding the activities carried out in the pagoda and the surrounding area, all of which constitute violations of sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Kingdom of Thailand," the statement said.
Recently, Cambodia erected a controversial stone sign in front of the temple, but later removed it after a request by Bangkok.
The Thai Foreign Ministry reaffirmed the government's commitment to resolve all boundary issues with Cambodia in accordance with international law through peaceful means under the framework of the existing Thai-Cambodian Joint Commission on Demarcation for Land Boundary (JBC), the statement said.
The two countries' border issue recently heated up after seven Thais were arrested by Cambodian soldiers on Dec. 29 for illegal entry into the neighboring country. Five of them were on Jan. 21 sentenced by a Phnom Penh court to nine months of imprisonment but were able to return home as the jail term was suspended.
Hundreds of the "yellow-shirts" People's Alliance for Democracy (PAD) have been rallying near the Government House in Bangkok to demand the Thai government to take a tougher stance against Phnom Penh on the border issue. | <urn:uuid:5a860dfe-9ef2-4ea2-b8de-ce550918f6b0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://khmernz.blogspot.com/2011/02/bangkok-demands-cambodia-to-remove.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00291-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964486 | 342 | 1.960938 | 2 |
- Briefing Room
U.S. Department of Transportation
Federal Highway Administration
1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE
Washington, DC 20590
|Accelerating Infrastructure Innovations|
Publication Number: FHWA-HRT-10-011
Date: March 2010
First constructed in 1794 in Bath, New Hampshire, the Bath Village Covered Bridge has been a continuous presence in the town ever since. When the fifth covered bridge to stand on the site was built in 1832, the town authorized signs on the wooden bridge stating, "One Dollar Fine to Drive Any Team Faster Than a Walk on This Bridge." More than 175 years later, the 1832 bridge still displays the same message to individuals who travel over it. The 114 m long (375 ft) multispan structure, which features a unique truss and integral timber arch system that supports the roof framing, roadway deck, and sidewalk, is now being rehabilitated by the New Hampshire Department of Transportation under the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA) National Historic Covered Bridge Preservation (NHCBP) Program.
The Bath Village Covered Bridge in Bath, NH, was built in 1832.
Established under the 1998 Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century and continued in 2005 under the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU), the NHCBP Program provides funding to States to preserve, rehabilitate, repair, or relocate historic covered bridges. SAFETEA-LU authorized $10 million annually to be appropriated between fiscal years 2006 and 2009, with future funding awaiting reauthorization of SAFETEA-LU. To qualify for funding, a covered bridge must be listed or eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Program grants require that to the maximum extent practicable, the project is carried out in the most historically appropriate manner, preserves the existing structure of the historic covered bridge, and provides for the replacement of a bridge's wooden components with new wooden components, unless the use of wood presents safety concerns.
"The program has been very well received," says Everett Matias of FHWA's Office of Bridge Technology. "Many of the bridges have a story to them and communities feel strongly about preserving them." The size and scope of the funded projects range from smaller scale initiatives such as installing fire protection and security systems to complete rehabilitation efforts.
The rehabilitation of the Bath Village Bridge is slated to begin in 2010. Broken, rotted, and damaged bridge members will be replaced, along with the roof and floor systems, and the bridge's fire protection system will be improved. The FHWA funds will cover 80 percent of the estimated $2.3 million cost. This rehabilitation work will preserve one of the oldest wooden covered bridges in the United States and enhance the local historic district, as well as continue to provide a critical crossing of the Ammonoosuc River for police and fire department emergency vehicles.
Also being rehabilitated under the program is the Hutchins Covered Bridge in the Town of Montgomery, Vermont. Montgomery has the highest concentration of covered bridges in the State. All of the bridges were built by two brothers, Savannah and Sheldon Jewett, who prepared the timber for the bridges at their own mill. Constructed in 1883, the Hutchins bridge consists of a single span supported by two flanking timber Town lattice trusses. The bridge rests on abutments built of irregular stone blocks, which stand on prominent outcrops of bedrock.
The $1.2 million rehabilitation project includes replacing the floor system, decking, and various rotten and damaged members, as well as repairing the lateral bracing, siding, masonry, and concrete abutments.
A smaller scale project in Troy, Vermont, will rehabilitate the 1910 River Road Covered Bridge across the Missisquoi River. The only covered wooden bridge remaining in Troy, the bridge has a unique design, including Town lattice trusses supported by three chords instead of the usual four chords, a steep-pitch gable roof with wide overhangs, and three exterior timber buttresses. The $250,000 project is designed to ensure continued use of the bridge for light traffic. Improvements to be made include roof, timber, and abutment repairs.
Oregon's Yachats Covered Bridge in Lincoln County.
In Lincoln County, Oregon, the $665,000 rehabilitation of the Yachats Covered Bridge, built in 1938, will include installing new hangar rods, siding, and timber decking, as well as painting, possible roofing work, and construction of steel-backed timber railing. The project is currently in the initial stages. As Oregon noted in its project application, covered bridges are an important contributor to tourism in the State. The rehabilitation work will contribute to the local economy by preserving a significant and popular historical structure.
Smaller projects funded by the NHCBP Program, meanwhile, include Union County, Ohio's, 2007 award for the installation of lighting and smoke detection systems on four covered bridges in the county. The new systems are helping to protect the bridges while not detracting from their visual and historical significance.
About 10 percent of the NHCBP Program funding is set aside for research and technology transfer. FHWA is collaborating with the National Park Service (NPS) and U.S. Forest Service to conduct more than 22 projects. These projects include Covered Bridge Rating Through Load Testing, which will develop recommended procedures for load rating historic covered bridges through physical testing, and Improved Analytical Techniques for Historic Covered Bridges, which will develop guidelines for improving the analysis of covered bridges. Specific areas of interest for analysis include the intersection and interconnection of lattice members, behavior and interaction of bolster beams, and the influence of bracing.
Technology transfer activities include developing A Wood Preservative Treatment Guide for Historic Covered Bridges and Standards for the Treatment of Historic Covered Bridges with Illustrated Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring, and Reconstructing Historic Bridges, which will provide needed guidelines reflecting current best practices in historic preservation.
For more information on the NHCBP Program, visit www.fhwa.dot.gov/bridge/covered.cfm, or contact Everett Matias at FHWA, 202-366-6712 (email: email@example.com). To learn more about FHWA's historic covered bridge research and technology transfer activities, contact Sheila Rimal Duwadi at FHWA, 202-493-3106 (email: firstname.lastname@example.org). | <urn:uuid:7c17697f-c512-4e4e-8f26-72c1d3e294a7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/focus/10mar/03.cfm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00263-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.92971 | 1,364 | 2.375 | 2 |
Krajina Dinar(redirected from Krajina Reformed Dinar)
Also found in: Wikipedia.
The currency of Serbian Krajina, an unrecognized state that existed between 1991 and 1995. The dinar was introduced in 1992 and was subject to hyperinflation for its entire history. It was revalued twice, once in 1993 at a ratio of 1 million to one and once in 1994 at a ratio of 1 billion to one. It was replaced by the Croatian kuna. | <urn:uuid:eb9db2a2-cd33-4974-a6aa-808be17a3aa5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Krajina+Reformed+Dinar | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00120-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974646 | 104 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Contrary to popular belief, only Medusa could turn people into stone by looking into people's eyes. They were three monstrous sea spirits whose names were Stheno, Euryale. Medusa was killed by Perseus by cutting off her head. Her head was later used by Perseus to kill the sea monster, Keto. Zeus created his shield, Aegis, on oracular advise so he could win the war against the Titans. He defeated the gorgon Aex (or Aix), who was either the daughter of Helios (with a head as terrifying as her body was beautiful) or alternatively the son of Typhon and Echidna. He used the skin of a goat and fixed upon it the head of the gorgon Aex. It was said Zeus gave Aegis to his daughter Athena once the war was over.
In the beginning Medusa was a fair maiden and a priestess of the goddess of Athena. This meant that she could not marry so she could devote all her energy to Athena. When in the temple of Athena, Poseidon came down from Olympus and took notice of Medusa. Eventually Athena caught them together in her temple and when she found out that Medusa was no longer a virgin outcasted her from ever becoming a priestess of Athena. Athena knowing that she could not take anger upon a god directed her wrath towards Medusa. Athena became outraged that this event had happened in her temple and cursed Medusa without warning, to forever become the first gorgon. Medusa and her two sisters, Stheno and Euryale, were turned into the three Gorgons by Athena. The transformation was a punishment. The result was a monstrous demon with slithering serpents as hair and a gaze that could turn a man to stone.
Medusa's sisters were turned into Gorgons as well for the act of assisting their sister into the goddess' sacred temple and because they were kind enough to share their sister's fate. It is said that Medusa created statues because her sisters faded away and she was left lonely. In some myths, the Gorgons were beautiful maidens with brass wings like angels.
Medusa tries to turn Percy Jackson, Annabeth Chase, and Grover Underwood into stone upon stumbling across her lair. Grover is the first to figure out that Medusa, not "Aunty Em," is their hostess. He sees a statue that looks unusually like his deceased Uncle Ferdinand, and recalls that his Uncle Ferdinand was turned to stone by the monster Medusa.
Medusa holds a grudge against Annabeth because she is the daughter of Athena, the one responsible for Medusa's misery. However, Medusa told them that her sisters had faded and now she was alone. Eventually her head was chopped off by Percy Jackson as a reference to the original Perseus, and was used by Sally Jackson to turn her ex-husband Gabe Ugliano into stone.
When Chiron is explaining how the use of technology can be dangerous for demigods, he says that a demigod once tried to Google the Gorgons, causing them to appear. It is not mentioned if one or all of them appeared.
Upon leaving the Wolf House, Percy Jackson was chased by Medusa's two sisters, Euryale and Stheno. He ran into them at a Bargain Mart, where the two were acting as store employees so they could find demigods that entered. Because he killed Medusa years ago (even though he couldn't remember it), the two seek revenge against him as their sister is still reforming in Tartarus. The two gorgons kept reforming after Percy had killed them numerous times, including hitting them with a cop car and smashing them with bowling balls. Stheno ignorantly tells Percy about gorgon blood, explaining that blood taken from the left side of their body would be deadly while blood from the right side could heal. They also inform him about an army heading south that will attack Camp Jupiter, but also inform him that they were brought back using the Doors of Death by their patron, Gaea. When Percy tried to call a truce by saying they couldn't kill each other (as they constantly reform and Percy's skin was like iron), they explain that he could be killed, even with the Achilles Curse, but it would simply by a matter of time before finding his Achilles heel. After escaping the two by sledding down a hill and carrying Juno to the borders of Camp Jupiter, he drowns them both in the Tiber River after they try to kill Frank, but they reform at some point afterwards and are at Camp Jupiter with Polybotes preparing to attack. Both are latter seen in aerial combat with the Eagles, defeating them. However they were both killed when the Camps reinforcements arrived, one of them being eaten by Mrs. O'Leary, although it is unknown which one.
Medusa is the only gorgon that has appeared in the first series, her head was severed by Percy Jackson in The Lightning Thief, with the help of Grover and Annabeth.
It was said that Medusa was the youngest Gorgon among the three, as well as the most beautiful, which is the reason Poseidon noticed her, and is also the most famous. Medusa is also the only one with the power to turn her victims into stone, being the envy of Euryale. Her parents are Keto and Phorcys. The Gray Sisters and Echidna are her other sisters besides Stheno and Euryale.
The immortal sister of Medusa. She has been known for bellowing cries. She had faded, along with the third sister but was revived by Gaea.
It was said that Euryale was the middle among the her sisters. In The Son of Neptune, it is revealed that like Medea, Midas and Lycaon, Stheno, and she is released from the Doors of Death and could reform within two hours. She is the smarter of the two.
The immortal sister of Medusa. She is remembered as the most vicious of the Gorgon sisters. She had faded with Euryale but was revived by Gaea. Stheno was said to be the eldest of her sisters.
Euryale and she are released from the Doors of Death. She is more naïve as she blurts out gorgon facts to Percy and seems to have acquired a love for her cover-up job at the Bargain Mart.
- They have living, venomous snakes for hair.
- Blood from their right side can cure anything, but the blood from their left side is deadly.
- Medusa possesses a gaze so terrible, it can turn anyone to stone. It only works if they look directly into her eyes.
- They have the ability to persuade people to open their eyes with a soothing voice, though only Medusa has been shown to do this.
The Gorgons are not listed to have any other power, but in some myths they are said to have unbreakable bronze and silver wings, teeth of gold, and Euryale had death-bellowing screams.
Aegis is a bronze shield that Athena gave to Zeus that has an imprinting of Medusa, one of the Gorgons, on it. Thalia Grace has a shield modeled after it which usually causes enemies to be paralyzed or run away in terror.
- All three of the Gorgons appear in the The Lightning Thief video game, but Stheno and Euryale are stuck in the Underworld.
- All three of the Gorgons are currently in Tartarus.
- Medusa is the only Gorgon to leave behind her head as a spoil of war; Stheno and Euryale leave behind vials of their blood instead.
|Species:||Centaur | Cyclopes | Dragon | Drakon | Eidolons | Empousa | Fire-Breathing Horse | Giants | Gorgon | Harpy | Hyperborean Giant | Ichthyocentaur | Karpoi | Katobleps | Laistrygonian Giant | Lycanthrope | Merpeople | Nikai | Nymphs | Pegasus | Satyr | Skolopendra | Stymphalian Birds | Telekhine | Blemmyae|
|Friendly Monsters:||Argus | Blackjack | Briares | Chiron | Don | Ella | Festus | Gleeson Hedge | Gray |Grover Underwood | Hippocampus | Mellie | Mrs. O'Leary | Ophiotaurus | Peleus | Scipio | Tyson | Tempest|
|Enemy Monsters:||Agrius and Oreius | Arachne | Basilisk | Charybdis and Scylla | Chimera | Chrysaor | Clazmonian Sow | Colchis Bull | Echidna | Euryale | Geryon | Joe Bob | Kampê | Manticore | Medusa | Minotaur | Nemean Lion | Polyphemus | Sphinx | Stheno | Typhon | Scythian Dracanae|
|Neutral Monsters:||Carnivorous Sheep | Cerberus | Erymanthian Boar | Gray Sisters | Gorgons | Furies | Flesh-Eating Horse | Gryphon | Siren| | <urn:uuid:7b78e9b5-d776-4a15-b904-2dcb37f3dd09> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://riordan.wikia.com/wiki/Gorgon | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00112-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.983186 | 1,924 | 2.84375 | 3 |
You might recall that Wargaming worked to help restore the last known German Dornier 17 light bomber. Well, now they are working to restore a Russian Panzerkampfwagen VIII Maus Super-Heavy tank with the Kubinka Museum. If you are a tank enthusiast then you know that the Maus is considered to be one of the most powerful (and heavy!) tanks ever conceived. Let’s see how Wargaming is teaming up to restore this powerful weapon.
“Wargaming closely cooperates with military museums around the world,” said Andrei Yarantsau, VP of Publishing at Wargaming. “We are excited to contribute to the Kubinka’s initiative and plan on supporting the museum in future. We’ll help it put together an exclusive collection of armored warfare, assisting it in lifting and reconstruction of legendary military vehicles and enriching its exhibition with renowned machines from private collections from across the world. A unique selection of legendary warfare will attract military enthusiasts from Russia and abroad, sparking interest towards military history and inspiring younger generations to learn more about their country’s past.”
Regarded as the epitome of excellent tank design, the colossal Panzerkampfwagen VIII Maus is the heaviest, fully enclosed armored fighting vehicle to see completion during World War II. Weighing 188 tonnes, only two prototypes were ever completed. The sole surviving tank is housed at the Kubinka Museum with an empty hull.
The museum and Wargaming intend to re-build its interior from scratch based on authentic diagrams. Missing parts will be restored in single quantities at a number of tank-building plants, with the entire process supervised by experienced warfare instaurators. The conserved Maus will be stored at the Kubinka Museum so that people from all over the world may come see the renowned vehicle with their own eyes.
I would *love* to see this thing in person, but for now we’ll have to settle for the video and picture of the Maus I’ve got for you today. Enjoy, and thanks again to Wargaming for helping to preserve this piece of history. | <urn:uuid:9f249011-c930-4b6e-b256-c77ea4e42421> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://gamingtrend.com/video-post/wargaming-working-to-restore-panzerkampfwagen-viii-maus-super-heavy-tank/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00567-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945005 | 441 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Professor of Chemistry / McMaster University / Hamilton, Ontario
The motion of the electron is not free. The electron is bound to the
atom by the attractive force of the nucleus and consequently quantum mechanics
predicts that the total energy of the electron is quantized. The expression
for the energy is:
where m is the mass of the electron, e is the magnitude of the electronic charge, n is a quantum number, h is Planck's constant and Z is the atomic number (the number of positive charges in the nucleus).
This formula applies to any one-electron atom or ion. For example, He+ is a one-electron system for which Z = 2. We can again construct an energy level diagram listing the allowed energy values (Fig. 3-2).
Fig. 3-2. The energy level diagram for the H atom. Each line dentoes an allowed energy for the atom.
These are obtained by substituting all possible values of n into
equation (1). As in our previous example,
we shall represent all the constants which appear in the expression for
by a constant K and we shall set Z = 1.
Since the motion of the electron occurs in three dimensions we might correctly anticipate three quantum numbers for the hydrogen atom. But the energy depends only on the quantum number n and for this reason it is called the principal quantum number. In this case, the energy is inversly dependent upon n2, and as n is increased the energy becomes less negative with the spacings between the energy levels decreasing in size. When n = ¥ , E = 0 and the electron is free of the attractive force of the nucleus. The average distance between the nucleus and the electron (the average value of r) increases as the energy or the value of n increases. Thus energy must be supplied to pull the electron away from the nucleus.
The parallelism between increasing energy and increasing average value of r is a useful one. In fact, when an electron loses energy, we refer to it as "falling" from one energy level to a lower one on the energy level diagram. Since the average distance between the nucleus and the electron also decreases with a decrease in n, then the electron literally does fall in closer to the nucleus when it "falls" from level to level on the energy level diagram.
The energy difference between E¥
is called the ionization energy. It is the energy required to pull the
electron completely away from the nucleus and is, therefore, the energy
of the reaction:
This amount of energy is sufficient to separate the electron from the
attractive influence of the nucleus and leave both particles at rest. If
an amount of energy greater than K is supplied to the electron,
it will not only escape from the atom but the energy in excess of K
will appear as kinetic energy of the electron. Once the electron is free
it may have any energy because all velocities are then possible.
This is indicated in the energy level diagram by
the shading above the E¥
= 0 line. An electron which possesses and energy in this region of the
diagram is a free electron and has kinetic energy of motion only.
The Hydrogen Atom Spectrum
As mentioned earlier, hydrogen gas emits coloured
light when a high voltage is applied across a sample of the gas contained
in a glass tube fitted with electrodes. The electrical energy transmitted
to the gas causes many of the hydrogen molecules to dissociate into atoms:
The electrons in the molecules and in the atoms absorb energy and are
excited to high energy levels. lonization of the gas also occurs. When
the electron is in a quantum level other than the lowest level (with n
= 1) the electron is said to be excited, or to be in an excited level.
The lifetime of such an excited level is very brief, being of the order
of magnitude of only 10-8 sec. The electron
loses the energy of excitation by falling to a lower energy
level and at the same time emitting a photon to carry off the excess
energy. We can easily calculate the frequencies which should appear in
the emitted light by calculating the difference in energy between the two
levels and making use of Bohr's frequency condition:
Suppose we consider all those frequencies which appear
when the electron falls to the lowest level, n = 1,
Every value of n substituted into this equation gives a distinct value for v. In Fig. 3-3 we illustrate the changes in energy which result when the electron emits a photon by an arrow connecting the excited level (of energy En) with the ground level (of energy E1). The frequency resulting from each drop in energy will be directly proportional to the length of the arrow. Just as the arrows increase in length as n is increased, so v increases. However, the spacings between the lines decrease as n is increased, and the spectrum will appear as shown directly below the energy level diagram in Fig. 3-3.
Fig. 3-3. The energy changes and corresponding frequencies which give rise to the Lyman series in the spectrum of the H atom. The line spectrum degenerates into a continuous spectrum at the high frequency end.
Each line in the spectrum is placed beneath the arrow which represents the change in energy giving rise to that particular line. Free electrons with varying amounts of kinetic energy (½mu2) can also fall to the n = 1 level.
The energy released in the reversed ionization reaction:
will equal K, the difference between E¥
and E1, plus ½mu2,
the kinetic energy originally possessed by the electron. Since this latter
energy is not quantized, every energy value greater than K should
be possible and every frequency greater than that corresponding to
should be observed. The line spectrum should, therefore, collapse into a continuous spectrum at its high frequency end. Thus the energy continuum above E¥ gives rise to a continuum of frequencies in the emission spectrum. The beginning of the continuum should be the frequency corresponding to the jump from E¥ to E1, and thus we can determine K, the ionization energy of the hydrogen atom, from the observation of this frequency. Indeed, the spectroscopic method is one of the most accurate methods of determining ionization energies.
The hydrogen atom does possess a spectrum identical to that predicted by equation (3), and the observed value for K agrees with the theoretical value. This particular series of lines, called the Lyman series, falls in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum because of the large energy changes involved in the transitions from the excited levels to the lowest level. The first few members of a second series of lines, a second line spectrum, falls in the visible portion of the spectrum. It is called the Balmer series and arises from electrons in excited levels falling to the second quantum level. Since E2 equals only one quarter of E1, the energy jumps are smaller and the frequencies are correspondingly lower than those observed in the Lyman series. Four lines can be readily seen in this series: red, green, blue, and violet. Each colour results from the electrons falling from a specific level, to the n = 2 level: red E3 ® E2; green, E4® E2; blue, E5® E2; and violet E6 ®E2. Other series, arising from electrons falling to the n = 3 and n = 4 levels, can be found in the infrared (frequencies preceding the red end or long wavelength end of the visible spectrum).
The fact that the hydrogen atom exhibits a line spectrum is visible proof of the quantization of energy on the atomic level. | <urn:uuid:ca20d9b5-795c-44dc-891a-8ac1c4932e8c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.chemistry.mcmaster.ca/esam/Chapter_3/section_1.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.905507 | 1,652 | 3.546875 | 4 |
Anatomy of Commercial Building
When licensees represent clients in a commercial transaction, whether marketing the building or assisting in the purchase, knowledge of the building’s structure and systems is vital. A building is comprised of its architectural features and its MEP (mechanical, electrical, and plumbing) systems.
Highlights of this course include:
- A foundational understanding of foundations! Includes footings and how they work with foundations to form a system, design concerns of foundations including soil conditions, water tables, and live and dead loads
- Design considerations for roofs, walls, windows, and doors
- An overview of HVAC types and considerations, including cost, efficiency, and varying tenant needs
- A look at electrical, lighting, controls, fire and security alarms, and how they differ by building use and tenant need
- How external conditions can impact building design, occupancy, and parking, including zoning and code location, topography, and environmental factors | <urn:uuid:33f8ec49-0ef4-4cc8-96ae-6edd0b88c3b7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.theceshop.com/online-education/wyoming/real-estate/associate-broker-and-salesman/continuing-education/course/anatomy-of-commercial-building-v2-0-2692-13819.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00221-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939295 | 196 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Costa Rica has become a traveller’s haven with its diverse adventure opportunities and unmatchable beauty. The capital, San José, is full of great places to see, containing many bars and restaurants that provide authentic Latino entertainment, including the number one dance – Salsa. San José is literally ‘slap-bang’ in the middle of the country which makes it a very easy base to travel out from. And, because Costa Rica is about a fifth of the size of the UK, it makes travelling short, quick and cheap!
Beyond San José, there are countless places to visit. You could enjoy the adrenaline-rush of sliding down a zip-line through the Monteverde cloud forest, or travel north and visit the active volcano of Arenal. Or head East to Cahuita beach to swim, surf and snorkel in the clear Caribbean waters, whilst sloths hang from the trees and the locals play reggae. Or perhaps you might watch sea-turtles hatch from their nests on the shores of Tortuguero. And then there’s Corcovado in the south which is home to some of the world’s most colourful tropical birds, the majestic jaguar and the deepest emerald canopies you could ever imagine. And with scuba diving, sports fishing and whitewater rafting, if you’ve got a taste for adventure, there’s more than enough to whet your appetite!
- Every Costa Rican radio station plays the national anthem every morning at 7am.
- They claim a 96% literacy rate. In very poor and rural areas, where children can’t get to schools, they teach classes over a national radio station.
- In Costa Rica when someone is your significant other, your other half, they are your “media naranja,” or the other half of your orange.
- Costa Rica is the only Latin American country not to have an army – you can’t get more peaceful than that!
Travel Highlights in Costa Rica
- Viewing Volcán Arenal at night – Costa Rica’s youngest and most active volcano
- Climbing Cerro Chirripó – the highest mountain in Costa Rica with excellent views from the peak
- Surfing at Mal Pais or Santa Teresa – fantastic beach and reef breaks in a secluded setting
- Manuel Antonio Nature Reserve – rainforests, beaches and coral reefs in Costa Rica’s smallest National Park
Where is Costa Rica?
The Republic of Costa Rica lies south of Nicaragua and north of Panama in the heart of Central America. Because it is between two continents and two oceans, this convergence of land and water makes the region a great bottleneck, rich in ecological diversity. It is a relatively small nation, being around a fifth of the size of the UK.
People of Costa Rica
Costa Rica has five million inhabitants and is home to a mixture of African, European and even Chinese descendants. About half of them live around San Jose, in the Central Valley. Costa Ricans (ticos) come predominantly from the mixture of European and indigenous heritage. Known for their easy-going lifestyle, you will find this race of people incredibly friendly and hospitable. You will also get ample opportunity to practise your Spanish with them.
Food in Costa Rica
The staple diet consists of black beans, rice, and meat, fish or chicken. Salads, fruit and plantain often accompany meals. The coffee in Costa Rica is excellent so definitely worth a try. However, western culture has left its mark, and there are an increasing amount of fast-food places springing up around the towns, just in case you feel like you need a burger and chips!
A typical Costa Rican dish is Gallo Pinto. Eaten nationwide either for breakfast, lunch or dinner you therefore stand a pretty high chance of trying this dish whilst in the country. Many visitors with us organise a fundraising event to raise some of the cost of their trip. Fundraising is also a great way to tell people what you are getting up to overseas so you might want to include a typical Costa Rican dish for people to try as part of a cultural evening.
The most widely spoken language in Costa Rica is Spanish (97% of the population), although basic to intermediate English is taught in most schools. There are also other native languages used mostly within the indigenous reserves. As part of your stay with us, you will have the opportunity to join a Spanish language course. Learning in the community is not only the best way to learn a new language but you will also be developing your own skills which could be a very important factor in whatever career path you choose to take. Being good at languages or having the ability to learn a language quickly is an important factor if you want to do a Costa Rica placement so please consider this before you apply.
Music in Costa Rica
Much of the music of Costa Rica reflects African, even pre-Columbian, as well as Spanish roots. Ticos love to dance. By night, San José gets into the mood with discos hotter than the tropical night. At weekends, rural folk flock to small-town dance halls and the Ticos’ celebrated reserve gives way to outrageously flirtatious dancing.
Throughout the year, you will find many organised events from the El Desfile de Carretas (The Parade of Carts) to the Festival de la Luz (The Festival of Lights) and Fiestas Patronales (Street Fairs). Each province throughout the country also has its own Fiesta Patronal where locals come together to dance and celebrate and watch the bloodless bullfights. You will also come across styles of Salsa, Calypso and Classical traditions, all reflecting the spirit and rhythm of Costa Rican’s love for music and an opportunity to party.
Before you come to Costa Rica, you may want to check the sounds of the culture by purchasing a CD. This again may be something you want to use for a fundraising event and would be a good excuse to get people out of their seats and dancing!
Travelling in Costa Rica
During your stay, you’ll have plenty of time to get to meet both locals and travellers. From warm, turquoise waves, red, oozing magma, and dripping cloud forests, to bustling markets, tropical fruit and bright hand-painted oxcarts, Costa Rica offers endless opportunities to experience and explore. The capital, San José, is full of great places to visit and you’ll get the opportunity to visit many of the bars and restaurants that provide authentic Latino entertainment, including the number one dance – Salsa.
Beyond San José , there are many places to visit. You could enjoy the adrenaline-rush of sliding down a zip-line through the Monteverde rainforest, or visit the active volcano at Arenal. Or head down to Cahuita beach to swim, surf or snorkel in the clear blue waters, whilst sloths hang from the trees on the beach-side. Or perhaps you might watch sea-turtles hatch from their nests on the shores of Tortuguero. Our in-country team will be happy to advise you on what to do and see around the country.
Costa Rica can also boast that it is the country with the highest percentage (25%) of its territory designated as protected areas: Forest Reserves, Biological Reserves, Nature Shelters, and, of course, National Parks, so you will be in for a treat. In addition, travel is short, quick and cheap! | <urn:uuid:6778e13f-1f8a-43a5-bcf0-1bd83fb575b4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://changingworlds.co.uk/countries/cr/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.942769 | 1,563 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Steelcase plans to donate huge, pyramid-shaped building for new STEM education hub
Grand Rapids-based furniture maker Steelcase plans to donate its iconic pyramid-shaped building to a nonprofit group.
Steelcase spent more than $100 million to build the more than 600,000 square-foot building in 1989. It’s been for sale for a lot less, around $20 million, for a couple of years. But it hasn't sold.
Steelcase spokeswoman Laura VanSlyke says the company talked to a few potential buyers, but the size and unique shape “does make it difficult for certain companies to take it over.”
VanSlyke says the pyramid-shaped Corporate Development Center was a “pretty private space” hardly ever viewed by the public. It’s where the company had its test lab, models shops, sound studios, and much of its design and development staff. The building has been vacant for about a year, once the company consolidated in another campus further north.
But now there’s a non-profit organization that wants to transform the pyramid into a hub for science, technology, engineering and math, or STEM, education. It’s not clear exactly when the transfer will take place.
Jerry Zandstra is with the new non-profit group, Pyramid P20 STEM Education Hub, which hopes to inherit the pyramid.
“We hear all the time from Michigan manufacturers that the need for STEM educated workers is enormous. And we hope to work with public schools, charter schools, a variety of universities in accomplishing the goal of creating that kind of environment,” Zandstra said.
Zandstra has been showing the pyramid off to education administrators from across the state.
“Time after time, they see it there’s that ‘Wow, is this an incredible facility!’ and then they start to catch the vision for it,” he said.
Zandstra’s vision is to educate students ranging from pre-k to post-graduate in the same place. He wants the program to be comprehensive, not like a “strip mall” where each school would offer its own program independent of one another.
He says there’s a couple of ways the group hopes it’ll serve the entire state: better preparing STEM-related teachers, and designing new products. He hopes to open the hub in the fall of 2015.
Zandstra says the group has been working privately on the project since last May. He won’t say which schools he’s invited to tour the site. He's also keeping the non-profit’s board members and budget under wraps.
He says he’s only started to make the plan public because the group is now seeking more than $5 million in state funding from a mid-year appropriations bill. Last week, the Michigan Senate passed a bill that included the funding, but today the state House passed a version without it.
Zandstra says the money would be used to hire experts and develop the program’s broad initiatives. He says the effort isn’t totally dependent on the state money, but “it would certainly be helpful.”
Zandstra says the group didn’t seek the state funding. He says state Senator Mark Jansen, R-Gaines Twp., suggested it because the hub would benefit all of Michigan. The pyramid is in Jansen’s district. Jansen did not return calls to comment on this story.
Barbara Bolin, who directs the Michigan STEM partnership, says there is a huge demand for workers who have STEM-related skills. She says by 2018, there will be 274,000 more STEM related job openings in Michigan than available workers here.
Bolin says she was not aware of the efforts to create the new hub. Her organization was thankful to get less than $500,000 last fiscal year for its efforts.
State Representative Brandon Dillon, D-Grand Rapids, says the pyramid hub idea may be a good one, but is not ready to throw that much money behind it.
“There’s nothing wrong with (Rep. Jansen’s) motives and he probably has a good level of trust with (Zandstra). But for the rest of us who don’t have that kind of personal relationship and have to make decisions about taxpayer money based on plans and details and data, we need a lot more,” Dillon said. | <urn:uuid:97dd073e-1474-4aea-a0de-e8498b5009d5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.michiganradio.org/education/2014-02-26/steelcase-plans-to-donate-huge-pyramid-shaped-building-for-new-stem-education-hub | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.964787 | 936 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Agate and Pearl Street Wind Statistics, Luglio averages since 2006
The graph describes how often and how strongly the wind blows from different directions through a typical July. The longest spokes point in the directions the wind most commonly blows from and the shade of blue suggests the strength, with deep blue showing the strongest winds. It is based on 2480 NWW3 forecasts of wind since since 2006, at 3hr intervals, for the closest NWW3 model node to Agate and Pearl Street, located 21 km away (13 miles). There are not enough recording stations world wide to use actual wind data. Without question some coastal places have very localized wind effects that would not be predicted by NWW3.
According to the model, the most common wind at Agate and Pearl Street blows from the WSW. If the rose diagram shows a close to circular outline, it means there is no strong bias in wind direction at Agate and Pearl Street. By contrast, dominant spokes show favoured directions, and the more deep blue, the stronger the wind. Spokes point in the direction the wind blows from. Over an average July, the model suggests that winds are light enough for the sea to be glassy (pale blue) about 6% of the time (2 days each July) and blows offshore 6% of the time (2 days in an average July). In a typical July winds exceeding >40kph (25mph) are not expected, but 0 have winds on the range 30-40 (19-25) at Agate and Pearl Street
IMPORTANT: Beta version feature! Swell heights are open water values from NWW3. There is no attempt to model near-shore effects. Coastal wave heights will generally be less, especially if the break does not have unobstructed exposure to the open ocean. | <urn:uuid:e9a06ba4-5a0a-44f6-8250-e2d190d27836> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://it.surf-forecast.com/charts/Agate-and-Pearl-Street/wind/statistics/july | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00475-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942851 | 369 | 2.609375 | 3 |
The need to reliably detect proximal and occlusal caries remains a high oral health priority. Caries affect millions of Americans and, when undetected, could evolve into more serious conditions that may require large restorations, endodontic treatment, or extraction. The caries detection sensitivity using existing dental image modalities, 2D intra-oral imaging and 3D cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging, is low. We propose to develop and manufacture a mobile and low cost intraoral tomosynthesis (IOT) system capable of detecting caries and tooth fractures with higher sensitivity and lower dose compared to CBCT. The system is based on the unique carbon nanotube X-ray source array technology invented by our team. Its introduction to the market is expected to have significant impact in improving American's dental health, while reducing overall radiation dose to the population.
We propose to develop and manufacture a portable and low cost imaging system capable of detecting cavities and tooth fractures with low radiation dose. This would allow dentists to preserve tooth structure, save teeth from extraction, and prevent future pain to the patient. The system is based on the unique X-ray source array technology invented by our team, its introduction into the market is expected to have a significant impact on American's dental health, while reducing overall radiation dose to the population. | <urn:uuid:393b5c2c-d882-4363-8820-10ab21f8d01c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://grantome.com/grant/NIH/R43-DE024933-01 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720737.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00220-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934061 | 274 | 2.84375 | 3 |
WASHINGTON DC —
The Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions (ZCTU) says about 75 companies failed to open after the festive season, leaving at least 8,000 workers jobless.
ZCTU president George Nkiwane says preliminary survey findings indicate that the number of shut down companies and employees who lost their jobs is expected to go up.
“Figures submitted by our affiliates are shocking as we initially thought that most companies shutting down are in Bulawayo. Our results so far show that it is nationwide. There are companies closing down in Harare, Gweru and other parts of the country. The situation looks extremely bleak,” says Nkiwane.
He says the situation will worsen as long as there are no tangible policy changes encouraging foreign direct investment. “I don’t see any change in policies in the near future as the current government is spearheading an indigenization program which compels foreign-owned companies to transfer 51 percent equity stakes to local people. This is not workable in any country.”
Zimbabwe introduced a black economic empowerment program in 2011, which has been widely criticized by foreign investors who fear losing their firms to local people who do not have funds to buy the targeted majority shares.
The Zanu PF government insists that the program is designed to ensure that the economy, which it projects will grow by 6.1 percent this year, is controlled by locals.
Independent economists say the economy is likely to grow by almost 2.3 percent. The country’s poverty datum line is currently pegged at $540 per month for an urban family of six.
According to the Zimbabwe National Statistics Agency, the nation’s unemployment rate is 10.7 percent. But independent economic commentators say the unemployment rate is between 71 and 85 percent. | <urn:uuid:1fc9a7d5-aa91-424f-a46c-b0e5739ffdd1> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.voazimbabwe.com/a/zimbabwe-zctu-workers-company-closures-festive-season/1867153.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721027.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00550-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966319 | 372 | 1.53125 | 2 |
During this writing assignment, you will investigate what has changed in your life, such as leaving home, the birth of a first child, retirement, divorce, moving houses or a changed work situation. We will discuss what your life was like before the change and what it looks like now. We will look at what has been lost and what feelings these losses evoke. You will write about everything you did before the change and which people played a role in this.
Explanation of the writing assignment
Writing about a situation sometimes makes it easier to list all your thoughts and to get a good overview. Find a quiet place, pick up a sheet, notebook, the NiceDay app or a computer, and try to answer the following questions as extensively as possible:
- Which change has taken place?
- What did your life look like before the change? Which activities did you do? Which people were important and why?
- What does your life look like now? What has changed? Which activities do you do now? Which people are important and why?
- What has changed? What has been lost?
- Which feelings played a role in this? | <urn:uuid:61c8a4b7-22a3-4aaf-9f7d-d1e026b7c013> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://niceday.app/en/library/mood/interpersonal-psychotherapy/role-change/writing-assignment-role-change/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.987082 | 234 | 2.890625 | 3 |
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A chordoma is a rare type of bone tumor that develops along the spine or at the base of the skull. Chordomas account for less than one percent of all central nervous system tumors and between two percent and four percent of all primary bone tumors. In many cases, chordoma tumors can be treated effectively with surgery, but they have a high rate of recurrence and a high risk of metastases.
Chordomas develop in a region of the body called the neuraxis, so called because of its importance to the central nervous system. During fetal development, the neuraxis contains structures that help regulate development of this system. In particular, a structure called the notochord is instrumental during fetal central nervous system development. The notochord develops into the vertebral column during fetal growth, but some remnants of notochord cells remain in the body. These remnant notochord cells are the location where a chordoma tumor can develop.
Notochord cells typically remain in two locations along the spinal chord. These are the clivus, at the base of the skull, and the sacrococcygeal region, located at the tail end of the spine. For this reason, the clivus and the sacrococcygeal region are the two locations where chordomas are most likely to grow. Notochord cells sometimes can remain in other parts of the spine and potentially give rise to chordomas in a location other than the clivus or the sacrococcygeal region.
Chordoma symptoms depend on the location of primary tumor growth. When the tumor grows in the clivus, symptoms typically include headaches and vision disturbances. When the tumor grows in the sacrococcygeal region or elsewhere in the spine, symptoms might include lower back pain and incontinence. Weakness, pain or numbness of the legs or arms can occur if the tumor presses on a nerve.
Treatment of chordoma tumors most commonly involves surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible. This surgery often is followed up with radiation therapy to kill any remaining cancer cells. Complete surgical removal of the tumor reduces the risk of recurrence but cannot entirely eliminate the risk. Possible complications of cranial surgery include intracranial hemorrhage, meningitis, increased intracranial pressure and facial palsy. In the case of spinal tumor removal, complications include difficulty walking and bladder or bowel dysfunction.
While chordomas are very slow-growing tumors, they are also very likely to invade surrounding tissues, likely to metastasize, and likely to recur even after surgical removal of a primary tumor. For all of these reasons, the prognosis for this tumor type is often poor. A person who has been diagnosed with this type of tumor has an approximately fifty percent chance of surviving five years or longer, and a ten percent chance of surviving more than ten years.
One of our editors will review your suggestion and make changes if warranted. Note that depending on the number of suggestions we receive, this can take anywhere from a few hours to a few days. Thank you for helping to improve wiseGEEK! | <urn:uuid:fc5838da-a2e8-4f5c-82b1-6cdc4bfc14e6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-chordoma.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00040-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944366 | 650 | 3.6875 | 4 |
“Historically, engineers are very bad salespeople,” says Bentley Systems’ Jeremy Shaffer. “Having software that provides [clarity] can really help.”
In his role as senior director of transportation-asset management, Shaffer focuses on massive infrastructure projects, where the customer being pitched is a government official and the products at the center of the discussion are the roads and bridges and railroad lines we use every day.
While at Bentley’s Year in Infrastructure 2016 conference in London, we discussed how data-clarity is increasingly in demand, how transportation is evolving in the era of digital transformation, and how cutting-edge technology is being applied to aging infrastructure.
Take a look…
Smart Industry: How is digital transformation affecting transportation operations?
Jeremy: There is an enormous backlog of different maintenances that need to be addressed and states strategically decide how to allocate their funding on what to fix and when we’re going to fix things. This is where huge amounts of data can be accessed. Traditionally this is a manual process…paper-based visual-inspection data, bridge inspections, complaints from traveling public, etc. But now we’re getting smart infrastructure, like suspension bridges that have different sensors implanted into them. And departments of transportation don’t know what to do with all this information. They’re in information overload and they need software to make sense of it. The good thing is that most states know they need to be doing these things. I see early adopters saying they want to do it right now. Others want to see their colleagues do it for five years then just select the best option.
One of the best examples is Connecticut, which is a leader in adopting this technology across the lifecycle. They are aggressively adopting asset-management strategies and efficiently using the resources they have. Their department of transportation has a culture of innovation. They are adopting the latest 3D-design technology and looking at how to take models from design to operation.
Smart Industry: Is transportation on the front line of transformation or a laggard?
Jeremy: Transportation is a laggard. Transportation is risk-averse and highly regulated. It has very expensive infrastructure that takes a long time to build. If you implement new technology on a mega-project it can take six years. The solution is that the U.S. government should fund innovate pilot transportation projects and provide funding for not only physical infrastructure but also models. Infrastructure projects are highly visible—you have millions of people who can see them. And if you mess up on the New York subway, that affects the commute of hundreds of thousands of people. Reliability has improved on things but the impression is that it is dropping—people are tweeting about infrastructure problems. Everything is under a spotlight. Another issue is that infrastructure involves governments—there is a need to be accountable to policymakers. An unfortunate thing is that most engineering advancements are the direct result of disasters. Look at bridge inspections—every major enhance has directly followed a major disaster. The Silver Bridge collapse in 1967 prompted the creation of the National Bridge Inspection Standards.
Smart Industry: What elements of digital transportation come into play? Big data? IT/OT convergence? Reality modeling? A smart supply chain?
Jeremy: All of those. We’re going to see tighter integration between suppliers and designers and governments. We’re going to see the supply chain passing information along to owners—In 2,000 cycles you need to replace the oil. Every six months you need to run this test. Managed services are becoming more popular in transportation. Departments of transportation contract with results in mind. Bentley is doing that from a software perspective.
Smart Industry: Are aging infrastructure problems as common globally as in the US?
Jeremy: The US had a boom in 50s and a lot of that infrastructure is coming of age. We have a large wave of infrastructure that needs replacing—bridges, roads, the original U.S. interstate system. Europe has different problem—their infrastructure is more spread out over time and it’s more densely packed. Asia’s problem is just that it’s building out so much new infrastructure.
Smart Industry: How will self-driving cars affect infrastructure?
Jeremy: It is hard to understate the impact. They will radically change the way transportation infrastructure is approached. You will be able to get 2-3 times as much capacity out of existing infrastructure. You’ll be able to time routes. If look at roads you can add so much value; there are a lot of smart components to inform the cars about roadway conditions, traffic, routing them to right places, etc. Furthermore, the vehicles will be smart sensors sending data back to owners.
Smart Industry: How will reality modeling affect transportation assets?
Jeremy: With our current infrastructure, there are no 3D models. These things were built three decades ago and these models can be very expensive to create. Now with drone-camera technology and software you can get extremely accurate models. And if you’re looking to do a construction project and want to know, say, how much right-of-way you need, you can measure within the model without sending a crew out. You can look at clearance envelopes. You can plan everything out before you go there and walk through everything you want to do.
Smart Industry: Infrastructure is complicated. How do you address that?
Jeremy: Practitioners are limited by policy makers. Practitioners must clearly demonstrate needs and consequences to get the resources they need, like dashboards to show the condition of bridges. I have seen where simple dashboards that coalesce all information can really influence policymakers. | <urn:uuid:1951e0da-524d-4747-929d-46c75e9116ec> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.smartindustry.com/articles/2016/aging-infrastructure-cutting-edge-technology/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00492-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950287 | 1,170 | 1.710938 | 2 |
The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and Subsistence in Southeast Asia
The “modernization” of peasant societies is one of the great themes of contemporary history. No longer as acute an issue in Europe as it once was, it is more urgent than ever in Asia and Africa and Latin America. “Peasants”—i.e., self-supporting land laborers and cultivators living in small village communities—make up most of the population in the world’s poorest countries. How they are affected by economic and political changes remains inadequately understood, notwithstanding the outpouring of scholarly studies of peasant cultures for the benefit of those who plan “development” and make policy. Peasants have frequently and often violently resisted attempts to change their lives. Most of the Western ideas designed to advance modernization of peasant societies have been sharply criticized by prominent third world and radical intellectuals speaking on behalf of the peasantry.
But they are spokesmen for a largely silent class. What do peasants themselves believe and value or deplore, and what reasons lie behind their reactions to economic and political change? Why have rural development programs for improved farming, small industry, and health services failed so often? The answers to these questions are much disputed. All that is certain is that peasants have throughout history been a potent political force for both progress and reaction. Their actions have not always met with the approval of either liberal reformers or the revolutionaries who have led them into battle, whether in the sixteenth-century German peasant wars, in the Vendée during the French Revolution, or during the more recent revolutions in Russia and China, Mexico and Cuba, Algeria and Vietnam.
James Scott and Samuel Popkin are both Southeast Asia scholars who look to the past in order to support views about what peasants are like, and what they want. They wish to speak to current problems of peasant politics and rural development. Both of them deal with Vietnam—not directly with the recent war there but with the effects on the Vietnamese peasants of the centralized bureaucracy and capitalist economy introduced early in the century by the French colonial regime. This experience caused a historical transformation, they would both claim, that contained the seeds of the revolution of 1945 and the ensuing war of “national liberation.”
Their common enterprise is a doubly risky one: the peasants of a half-century ago may not be very similar to those in our own era of “transitional societies” straddling the old and the new. Views about what “peasants” are like are usually based on evidence from the distant past and may overlook the teeming variety and constantly evolving character of peasant societies and puzzling “borderline” cases like the nomads of Africa, the production brigades of China, and the farmers of Japan who are equipped with tractors, washing machines, and refrigerators. More than this, the available information on the particular aspects of precolonial Vietnam with which they are both most concerned is spare and unreliable, so that the reader is not sure how, or on what basis, their views are to be appraised.
James Scott’s book…
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Explanation of Benefits which are part of Medicare Plan B including newly added preventative services.
Medicare Plan B, or the medical insurance portion of traditional Medicare, functions just like employer sponsored health care. There is a monthly premium of $99.90, an annual deductible of $155 which must be met before benefits kick in, and an 80-20 coinsurance afterwards. Medicare Part B services include the following: Emergency care including ambulance services, inpatient and outpatient mental health treatment, durable medical equipment such hospital beds, suction pumps, walkers, wheelchairs, crutches, nebulizers. Also, included are clinical research or medical exams, limited prescription drugs for specific conditions such as infused drugs via a nebulizer, antigens, or for specialized treatment of kidney failure, hemophilia, osteoporosis, and regular visits and check-ups with a medical practitioner.
What’s New in Medicare Part B
As part of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), starting in 2011, Medicare Plan B began to cover preventative services. Previously,
these benefits were accessible to Medicare beneficiaries subject to the annual deductible and coinsurance. However, with the ACA, a wide range of benefits are offered to Medicare recipients to promote improved health and long-term savings under first dollar coverage meaning that the patient will receive the services for free. Some of the types of free services now offered are as follows:
Screenings for depression, diabetes, HIV, obesity, tobacco use cessation, mammograms, pap test and pelvis exams, cardiovascular disease, etc. If properly taken advantage of, these preventative services will promote early detection of some of the most debilitating diseases for seniors. This benefits their quality of life and reduces medical expenses for both seniors and the Federal & State governments.
It should be noted that these improvements to Medicare plan B must also be added to Medicare Advantage by law. So those who opt for Medicare Advantage will also benefit from preventative services. | <urn:uuid:fadc8ca8-b346-4e03-bf4d-632a6909a626> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://credit-help.biz/insurance/29253 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00326-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946959 | 402 | 1.90625 | 2 |
However, the news regarding CarPlay has been rather scarce in comparison. CarPlay didn't get much play during the opening ceremony of the WWDC, or Worldwide Developer's Conference, either. And in the developer sessions, they didn't really dig into the announced changes. Instead, they offered a few sessions dedicated to the inner workings of CarPlay, which is rare for Apple. But given the opportunity, we'll go over the current state of CarPlay with some details of its inner workings and then see what changes the bitten apple brand is preparing.
Starting with the concept, it's worth asking "what is CarPlay?" It's a method devised by Apple to extend the operating system of its mobile devices, iOS, to the infotainment system of our cars. Its premise is very similar to that of Android Auto; not for nothing was CarPlay introduced 11 months earlier (June 2013). The true origins of CarPlay date back to 2010, when Apple and BMW announced a collaboration agreement whose fruit was "iPod Out", a feature that allowed certain cars of the Bavarian brand to display the interface of an iPhone or iPod in its infotainment system. Through it, BMW drivers could access their iOS device's music library and browse it from their car's screen using the vehicle's own controls. iPod Out would be released in 2011, and when it was extended to Mini vehicles, it would be called "PlugIn".
Today in CarPlay is available in more than 100 models from 40 different manufacturers, including Ferrari, due to the fact that Eddie Cue, Executive Vice President of Software and Internet Services for Apple, belongs to the board of directors of the brand of the Prancing Horse since 2012. In any case, the growing availability of CarPlay in new vehicles, like that of Android Auto, is supported by the fact that most manufacturers are opting to have both systems available in their cars, lest someone not buy a Honda NSX because they have a Samsung instead of an iPhone. Ferrari, due to its management ties, is an example of a manufacturer that has opted for only one system.
How does it work?
When we get into our car and sit down, if we connect our iPhone via a USB cable we will see the CarPlay interface take control of our vehicle's infotainment system. This doesn't mean that every time we connect our iPhone we necessarily have to use CarPlay; if we exit CarPlay with our phone connected and don't come back, the next time we connect our iPhone CarPlay will respect our preference to use our car's infotainment system. If, on the other hand, the last time our iPhone was connected CarPlay had control of our infotainment system's screen, it will return when we re-connect the iPhone.
This behavior also extends to the use of the speakers; if the last time our iPhone was connected we listened to music through CarPlay, when we connect it, the playback is resumed. If, on the other hand, even with the iPhone connected we were listening to music through the car's infotainment system, connecting the iPhone again will not affect playback. Therefore, CarPlay shares with the infotainment system of our car the control of the screen, speakers and microphone, respecting at all times our preferences for use. That is, we can listen to music from CarPlay but keep the infotainment system of our car on screen, and vice versa.
In terms of applications, CarPlay meets the basic needs: calls, calendar access, messaging through Apple's iMessage service, turn-by-turn navigation with Apple Maps and music through Apple Music or third-party applications. Through its voice recognition system, we'll be able to type messages without taking our eyes off the road, and Apple's own voice assistant will take care of reading incoming messages to us. When it comes to basic functionality, CarPlay and Android Auto are on par.
The curious thing happens when we decide to pull back the curtain that is the user interface, and look at what's behind it. I've been a professional programmer of both Android and iPhone applications, so my vision of both systems goes beyond the simple differences at user level. And from this point of view, both mobile operating systems have a lot in common: they implement the same concepts, which means that practically everything you can do with one can be done on the other. When one gets ahead of the curve with a better implementation or a new feature, within a year or two at the latest, it appears in the other. CarPlay and Android Auto are examples of this: first Apple announced it, a year later Google did it.
And why am I telling you this? Because the internal differences I see between CarPlay and Android Auto are even smaller. As with Android Auto, in CarPlay all video and audio emanates from the iPhone, so the premise remains that to update CarPlay you don't need to update your car, you need to update your phone's iOS operating system. And regarding third-party apps, it turns out that Apple and Google have decided to restrict them in the same way: no third-party app can design its own user interface. And the only apps that are allowed for now, are audio players like the ones we would use for music, radio and podcasts.
What does this mean? That an audio player that wants to appear on the CarPlay screen simply sends you the list of possible content to play, and once the user chooses a song, CarPlay will ask that app to play that content, but no specific UI designs. The result? Increased security, as we discussed in the case of Android Auto, but for the user all apps end up looking the same.
The manufacturers' own apps, which are built into CarPlay, get a separate mention, but they're not third-party apps, so we'll discuss them below.
Apple declares a series of minimum requirements that must be met by the infotainment system in cars that any manufacturer wants to make compatible with CarPlay. Those requirements fall into five categories: display, speakers and microphones, user interaction methods, sensors, and connection to an iPhone. The first two categories are very logical; in order to display the CarPlay interface, the car needs to have a touchscreen with a good resolution (the minimum supported is 800×480 and the maximum 1920×1080 or Full HD).
Regarding the speakers, it is also necessary that the vehicle has at least two audio channels, one main and one for notifications, so that for example the user can listen to music and at the same time receive instructions from the navigator to follow the desired route. The microphone is essential to be able to perform tasks using voice recognition. And since the physical connection to the iPhone is obvious, we will focus on the most interesting: the methods of user interaction and sensors.
CarPlay supports three methods of user interaction: the touchscreen, the car's own built-in knobs and controls, and voice recognition. Voice recognition, of course, is performed by Apple's Siri assistant. Siri, like any good digital assistant in 2016, is not only limited to reading our incoming messages and helping us respond by voice while driving, but can also perform actions such as changing the radio station, playing music by a particular artist, finding routes to our destination, calling a contact, showing us the day's agenda and so on.
Apple requires Siri to have a physical button on the steering wheel so that the user can access this assistant at any time, explaining that access to Siri is the equivalent in the car of the button that takes us to the home screen on our smartphones. In the event that the car's infotainment system has its own voice recognition system, Siri can be activated by a long press of the button (about 600 milliseconds), so the user can access the two systems when an iPhone is connected to the car.
Regarding the sensors, CarPlay needs to know the speed of the car at all times; why and what uses this information is put to is not specified. It's not hard to imagine that CarPlay could use it to send an SOS message if it detects a collision by abruptly slowing down, but we don't have any more information on this. If the car has satellite positioning systems such as GPS, it is a requirement that CarPlay has access to this information. Furthermore, if there are in-car positioning systems, CarPlay requires the use of both GPS (American system) and GLONASS (Russian system), and also recommends the use of the Galileo positioning system (European system).
The first significant change that Apple will introduce in CarPlay will be the possibility of using this system wirelessly. That is, we will be able to leave our iPhone in our pocket or in the glove compartment of the car and see how CarPlay is enabled in our car after unlocking it and sit in it without doing absolutely nothing. Regardless of whether we connect the iPhone wirelessly or wired, CarPlay will respect our decision to control the infotainment system's display and sound source. However, it will probably take longer for the car to detect the presence of the iPhone wirelessly than when connected via a cable.
How do you make the connection? If you remember our extensive article on Android Auto, we explained why we opted for Google to implement Android Auto's wireless mode via Wi-Fi and not Bluetooth. In that case Google didn't detail how the feature would be implemented. Apple, on the other hand, has explained how it will do it: it's through a combination of Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. Bluetooth will be used to initiate communications between the car and the phone, and once these are established, it will switch to a Wi-Fi based connection to transmit the data itself, severing the Bluetooth link.
Recall that the iPhone must transmit to the car's infotainment system all video and audio, where video requires a large amount of data to display each and every pixel on screen. In addition, it is essential that the latency or delay between the user interaction, either through the screen or one of the controls, with the car is as low as possible, because otherwise the user will immediately notice this wait. And as we all know, if there's one thing that frustrates us all when using any kind of computer system, it's entering a command and seeing that it's not executed immediately.
In addition to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, Apple points out that a prerequisite for wireless mode is that the car must have its own satellite tracking system. This is because, according to Apple, in wireless mode the chances of the iPhone being in a pocket or bag are very high, so the phone will have trouble detecting its position. In order for the user to always be able to count on the correct functioning of the maps, it is necessary that the car meets this requirement. In the case of a wired connection, CarPlay will use the iPhone's geolocation sensors if the car does not have them.
Given this requirement, it is possible that despite having CarPlay in our car, if we don't have the navigation kit we won't be able to enjoy the wireless mode. And even if we do have it, it remains to be seen if the requirement for satellite geolocation systems applies retroactively to all cars on the market with CarPlay; if an incompatibility for cars already on the road comes to light in a few months, I won't be surprised at all.
Turn-by-turn navigation in the instrument cluster
This is one point where Apple has barely wanted to give any details. Since CarPlay is part of the iOS operating system and this improvement has been introduced alongside the new iOS 10 version, it's possible that we'll have more details come its release around September. But for now, what we do know is that Apple is improving the navigation mode in its Apple Maps app for iOS and that these changes will be reflected in CarPlay.
In iOS 10, the navigation offers a better view of the route ahead, "zooming in" when we approach a turn and zooming out when we reach a straight or a road/highway that we don't have to leave soon. We can also move along the route to get an idea of this and at the same time see what are the areas of greater and lesser traffic density. Finally, CarPlay will offer us alternative routes (faster) if after choosing one the system finds a more optimal one.
In the car, and as seen in the photo above, it is added that CarPlay will be able to display the instructions of the route to follow on the auxiliary screen of the instrument panel. We understand that this new feature may not be possible on existing models after the update, unless the use of such a car resource was planned from the first version of CarPlay. Accessing a new in-car resource involves using communication protocols with the car to decide who gets to use that screen, similar to how the infotainment system and iPhone communicate to decide who gets control of the screen in the middle of the dashboard.
In any case, it seems that Apple, unlike Google, is not yet ready to take full control of the dashboard, or that it has decided not to go down that route, so CarPlay will be limited, according to what we've seen, to helping us follow our route without looking at the dashboard but at the instrument cluster.
Messaging via Siri and Manufacturer's Apps
In the "Software" section of the "Current Status" section we mentioned that CarPlay only allows third-party apps that are audio players, while Android Auto adds the ability to have third-party messaging apps, such as WhatsApp and Telegram. Apart from that, in our extensive article on Android Auto we also mentioned that Google is working on incorporating apps tailored for each vehicle.
The problem with allowing third-party messaging apps in CarPlay lies with Siri, which handles both voice recognition and transcribing the user's message for delivery without the need for the user to take their hands off the wheel. Siri is a problem because until the developer conference held recently, there was no API or programming interface so that other applications could teach Siri to perform actions with them. For example: if we tell Siri to "text Javier," it will always use Apple's messaging app, iMessage. Now, with the API just announced for the next version of iOS, an app like Telegram can teach Siri so that we can say "send a message to Javier via Telegram" and have the command recognized correctly.
This API now makes it possible for third-party messaging apps for CarPlay. Remember that both Apple and Google control the user interface at all times, both for preinstalled apps and third-party apps, so the glue that allows us to use other applications to send messages while maintaining the standard interface is voice recognition, a problem that Apple has just solved for the next version of CarPlay. Therefore, Apple has announced that third-party messaging apps will officially be supported in the next version.
As for the applications made by the vehicle manufacturer, these have been allowed by Apple since the launch of CarPlay, and are published by manufacturers as apps for the iPhone in the App Store and after being installed on our phone appear as one more on the main screen of CarPlay. It is likely, although we do not know for sure, that they have privileges within the operating system to access APIs not allowed for third-party applications. Why do I think this? Because for starters these apps will be able to draw their own user interfaces on the screen, something third-party apps can't do. So it's also feasible that these apps will have access to all the car data that CarPlay knows, such as vehicle speed and location information.
What I can tell you is that from now on manufacturer apps will have access to Siri, opening up the possibility of asking her to perform car-related tasks. For example, if such information is accessible to CarPlay (because the car's corresponding control unit sends it to it), we could ask Siri about the state of our tire pressure, or to tell us the average fuel consumption during the trip. These are small details that, once again, can keep our eyes off the road, even if only for a few seconds. And if the interface between the car and CarPlay allows it, maybe in the future we'll be able to ask Siri to lower all the windows in the car, or to raise them and turn on the climate control at a certain temperature, to give examples.
Of course, the more integration, the more careful manufacturers and developers (in this case Apple and Google) must be with security. And if we have learned anything so far, is that anyone can have an oversight (or two), and therefore, we will always have hackers to discover them.
For those of you reading this, CarPlay doesn't work with an iPad, so you can stop thinking about how you're going to connect your iPad to your car and leave it there so you don't have to use your iPhone. You also won't be able to dock your iPad Mini or iPhone 6/6s Plus to the dashboard and have CarPlay next to the instrument cluster because there is no such functionality; this is something I don't see Apple adding, but who knows?
Personally, the message I'm taking away from this Apple developer conference is that CarPlay hasn't been given much attention. There's been a lot of talk in recent years that Apple has a very limited software development team compared to other Silicon Valley giants, and that these teams are sometimes plucked from their day-to-day work to support another, more important team. I highly doubt that CarPlay has its own team; rather, I think it's an extra feature of iOS that was very important at launch, and that they're now focusing on other things.
Who knows if they're busy working more on their car's infotainment system. It's also true that Apple doesn't usually talk about their plans until they're finished, so maybe we'll be talking in a few months about changes that weren't announced at the developer conference but have made it to the final version. Until then, we'll be watching until these announced changes see the light of day with the release of iOS 10 and the new iPhone around September. | <urn:uuid:d8cad8c6-6de0-4be3-bfa6-34fa9c574b36> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pistonudos.com/en/apple-carplay-in-depth | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.956646 | 3,741 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Radioactive time bombs will be lifted from ocean floor in 2030
The November-class submarine K-159 sank in late August 2003 while being towed in bad weather from the closed naval base of Gremikha on the eastern shores of the Kola Peninsula towards the Nerpa shipyard north of Murmansk.
Researchers have since then monitored the wreak, fearing leakages of radioactivity from the two old nuclear reactors onboard could contaminate the important fishing grounds in the Barents Sea. A joint Norwegian-Russian expedition examined the site in 2014 and concluded that no leakage has so far occurred from the reactors to the surrounding marine environment.
However, the bad shape of the hull could eventually lead to radionuclides leaking out. A modeling study by the Norwegian Institute of Marine Research said that a pulse discharge of the entire Caesium-137 inventory from the two reactors could increase concentrations in cod in the eastern part of the Barents Sea up to 100 times current levels for a two-year period after the discharge. While a Cs-137 increase of 100 times in cod sounds dramatic, the levels would still be below international guidelines, but tell that to the market buying the fish.
Now, Russia’s nuclear corporation Rosatom has announced the date for lifting the K-159 to 2030.
“As indicated in the strategy for the development of the Arctic, 2030, not earlier, said Anatoly Grigoriev, head of the International technical assistance project of Rosatom to Interfax.
Grigoriev said Atomflot, the state operator of civilian nuclear-powered icebreakers with its technical base just north of Murmansk could become contractor for the lifting.
The Rosatom official added that also K-27, a submarine dumped in the Kara Sea in 1982, is included to the list of nuclear objects on the Arctic seabed to be salvaged by 2030.
The submarine was dumped at a depth of 33 meters in the Stepovogo fjord on the eastern shores of Novaya Zemlya.
Last month, divers from the Centre for Underwater Research of the Russian Geographical Society conducted a survey of the submarine’s hull. Metal pieces were cut free, the thickness of the hull was measured, along with other inspections of the submarine that has been corroding on the seabed for nearly 40 years.
Based on the examination, a detailed plan will be worked out on how to conduct the salvage without destabilizing the uranium fuel in the reactors in such a way that a new chain reactor could be restarted with a worst-case scenario of triggering direct contact between the uranium fuel and seawater. | <urn:uuid:19fcfd6f-afec-4e1b-ab67-25919503c1ac> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thebarentsobserver.com/en/nuclear-safety/2021/10/radioactive-time-bombs-will-be-lifted-ocean-floor-2030 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.94696 | 546 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Crowdfunding reinvented: Raising capital in the digital age
The concept of crowdfunding isn’t new, but technology has given it a fresh spin with multiple platforms springing up to fund everything from school band trips to startups. Project-based startup platforms like Kickstarter and Indiegogo have gained widespread use as a way to raise funds for specific business ventures and product development initiatives.
But the project-based platforms aren’t the only game in town anymore. That business model is useful, but it does have some weaknesses as a startup funding tool. For example, sometimes projects don’t finish. In other scenarios, customers just back one project and move onto the next thing, never establishing a real stake in the companies they back.
Another challenge with that model is that on project-based platforms, most of the attention goes to the big, flashy projects. There are great, sensible initiatives that languish in the shadows, never attracting the attention—and funding—they deserve. But the crowdfunding concept is proving resilient, with new forms of crowdfunding emerging to tackle the problems the project-based platforms don’t address head-on.
One example is Tilt, a platform that makes it easy for groups to raise funds online for everyday purposes. It’s a great option for communities and smaller groups that need to raise money. Slow Money also takes a new approach to an old problem: The platform powers crowdfunding for sustainable food enterprises and organic farms, providing a flow of capital toward businesses that aren’t necessarily ‘revolutionary,’ but are essential to long-term survival.
Other companies are reinventing the crowdfunding space entirely. For example, companies like NakedWines.com and Betabrand appeal directly to customers who are passionate about a certain product category—fine wines and fashion, respectively—and provide a platform for customers to invest directly in independent ventures.
In this crowdfunding model, the investment platform handles important operational and technical details, ensuring that all indie winemaker and fashionista projects are completed successfully and that investor-customers receive the products they funded. To make this approach work, it’s important to build a solid investment platform operation with deep industry expertise, marketing savvy, and customer focus.
When it works well, as in the NakedWines.com example, it can transform an industry and link consumers with artisans and craftspeople in a brand new way. Today’s generation of investors is more hands-on, thanks in part to the ethos that has grown up around crowdfunding in recent years. They like to get an insider view of product development, share their discoveries with peers and communicate directly with the people who are bringing them great products.
Another transformative variation on the crowdsourcing theme can be found in peer-to-peer lending platforms like Lending Club and Prosper, which are growing exponentially. These platforms encourage users to diversify their investments as much as possible, providing the option to support a small part of hundreds or even thousands of ventures instead of going all-in on one or two projects. In this way, more loan recipients get funded, and lenders avoid placing all their eggs in a single basket.
While crowdfunding isn’t a new concept, the technology that enables companies to get the word out quickly and the platforms that make it easy for investors to get in on the ground floor have certainly given the fundraising model a boost. Today, the online crowdfunding business model moves billions of dollars through the economy.
Startups and investors alike can count on continued growth since crowdfunding is evolving as quickly as it is expanding. With the right model and platform in place, crowdfunding can have a wonderfully democratizing effect, removing the inefficiencies of the old school, capital-intensive marketplace, and more closely connecting consumers with the makers of the products they love. | <urn:uuid:29e20a25-17b0-426b-b910-604d666d288c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://startupbeat.com/crowdfunding-reinvented-raising-capital-in-the-digital-age-id5059/15902/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.939596 | 778 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Faith Gives Hope in Heavener, Okla.
By Jean Bach
Each Sunday, the members of Sacred Heart Chapel in Heavener, Okla., gather as a Catholic community to celebrate their abiding faith and hope in God's providence through the sacraments and all things associated with their mission.
Aside from those celebrations, though, there isn't much to celebrate in Heavener itself. "It's basically a town that time forgot," says Father Don Tranel, pastor of Glenmary's missions in Booneville, Ark., and Heavener. "It's a very poor, isolated area of about 3,000 people who are, in many instances, struggling just to survive."
The mission has never had a resident pastor. This experience has instilled a sense of ownership and leadership in the mission members that Father Don says touches his heart.
"They know that being Church is a privilege and not a convenience," he says. "That privilege is very important to them and they are willing to work hard for it." They teach religious education classes, take people to the doctor, donate time to sweat-equity projects in the dilapidated storefront building, organize an outstanding choir and take care of everything else that needs to be done.
And the storefront building needs a great deal of care. Before the roof was replaced, rainy Sundays meant members of the congregation had to navigate—and empty—numerous buckets in the gathering space during Mass. The new roof also displaced the flock of pigeons that had made their home in the church. The worship space is filled with mismatched books, pews, statues and art that have been begged, borrowed or donated.
Since Father Don's arrival, the Spanish-speaking congregation has grown to about 130 people, although the number fluctuates based on the availability of work at the OK Foods poultry processing plant. Work at the Heavener plant is what drew immigrants from Mexico beginning around 2001.
Recently the plant discontinued its second shift, resulting in a layoff of a large number of employees, most of whom are members of Sacred Heart. Some residents had to move on to find other work, while others have remained, hoping the shift will be picked up again.
The congregation's growth necessitated more worship space, so local Catholics L.B. and Candy Hunt bought the building next door to the mission and donated it to the Catholic community. The Hunts were also the benefactors who purchased and donated the original storefront.
A wall dividing the two buildings has been mostly demolished by parish volunteers to allow for more seating. It's not a perfect arrangement, but it's better than having folks spilling out the front door onto the street!
A contractor has created plans to remodel the two buildings in order to better serve the community. The project calls for moving the altar, building a bathroom and classroom space—and perhaps even creating a space which could serve as living quarters for the priest.
The architect's rendering of the proposed renovation is proudly displayed by the front door for all to see as they enter the church. The project is seemingly unattainable, but the Catholics of this mission haven't lost hope.
Each week they continue to contribute what they can (Sunday collections average $60-$150), raise additional money through food sales ($40-$90 each Sunday) and hold an annual parish festival on the feast of the Sacred Heart.
"These folks at Sacred Heart lift themselves up through their faith," Father Don says.
Glenmary began serving this area of southeastern Oklahoma informally in 2000 when Father John Brown, pastor of the then-Glenmary mission in Idabel, Okla., began administering the sacraments in Heavener.
A pastoral team including Father Neil Pezzulo, pastor of Glenmary's missions in Waldron and Danville, Ark., served the mission until 2006 when Father Don became pastor.
Each Saturday and Sunday, he makes a 120-mile round trip over a rural two-lane road to celebrate the sacraments with the community.
Le Flore County, home to Heavener, is not unlike many of the counties Glenmary serves. Of the almost 50,000 residents, 20 percent live below the national poverty level and only 3 percent identify themselves as Catholic.
Employment opportunities in Heavener are limited, with many residents working at the poultry plant or in local rock quarries. Adults work long hours six days a week at physically challenging jobs just to make ends meet-and oftentimes, the ends don't meet.
Father Don describes his Spanish-speaking abilities as "limited." He celebrates Mass in Spanish and is able to carry on basic conversations but says the members of Sacred Heart help with the language barrier.
They know that "in my heart, I'm Hispanic," Father Don says. "What I bring to the table is that I care about them, I'm here for them and, most especially, the Church is here for them."
The Diocese of Tulsa, a longtime partner with Glenmary, helps the mission pay its utility bills and sends a Spanish-speaking priest to the mission at least once a month "so the folks can experience a really well-spoken homily," Father Don says.
Without Glenmary's efforts in the area, he says, it's very likely there would be no Catholic Church here and the faith that plays such a large part in the lives of these folks could not be nurtured
The Catholics at Sacred Heart mission are working toward and living in hope of better lives.
Their Catholic faith sustains their hope and promises-just as the Sacred Heart of Jesus does-that God will give them all the graces necessary for their state of life, console them in all their troubles, bless all their undertakings and be their refuge.
This article originally appeared in the Summer 2011 Glenmary Challenge. | <urn:uuid:13aa0df0-a8da-4814-850e-d05e730f82ec> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.glenmary.org/site/epage/118728_919.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00267-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970768 | 1,187 | 1.71875 | 2 |
I have posted a reply to a similar question on your original email thread. Hopefully you will be able to see that soon.
1) It's useful to build the engine javadoc (ant -quiet javadoc) and browse the javadoc for the package org.apache.derby.impl.sql.compile. In particular, you will see that the AST nodes are the classes indented under QueryTreeNode in the tree view.
2) The nodes themselves implement Visitable so you can write you own Visitor to explore the AST graph. Visitable has one method, accept(), and by looking at the implementations of that method, you will understand how the nodes snap together into a graph.
I've attached a simple Visitor (TreeWalker), which shows you some classes in the graph. That may help explain the AST a bit more. When I run
java TreeWalker "select a from t, s where t.a = s.a"
I get the following graph:
Let me try to explain this tree a bit:
The SelectNode has the following children:
i) The columns in the SELECT list. The whole SELECT list is represented by a ResultColumnList and there is only one ResultColumn (representing "a") in that list.
ii) The tables in the FROM list. There are two of these, each represented by its own FromBaseTable.
iii) The WHERE clause. This is a BinaryRelationalOperatorNode (representing the "=" operator). This operator node has a left child and a right child, "t.a" and "s.a" respectively.
So to answer your specific questions:
Q) What tables are in the query?
A) Look for FromBaseTables in the graph.
Q) Which fields in the tables are accessed?
A) The column references can appear in the SELECT list (the ResultColumnList) or in the WHERE clause (under the BinaryRelationalOperatorNode). Note, however, that the columns are not matched up to tables yet. This isn't done by the parser. That kind of name resolution happens during Derby's bind() phase and it requires metadata so that Derby knows the structure of the tables. Unless you create the tables in Derby, there will be no way to move forward to the bind() phase. If you don't provide this information to Derby, then you will have to write your own name-resolution phase.
Q) What are the table aliases, if any?
A) FromBaseTable.getExposedName() will give you the name of the table (or the alias name if you specified an alias)
Hope this helps, | <urn:uuid:e9feb9d2-3940-4524-8248-6b382b52b81f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/DERBY-3946?attachmentSortBy=fileName | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00385-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.781143 | 559 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Mr. Kenkichi Kagami was a major force in bringing order and stability to the fire insurance business of Japan. He provided the initiative for the formation of the Joint Fire Insurance Association. He also founded the Hull Insurers’ Union, which contributed to putting the Hull insurance business on a viable basis.
His association over 48 years with The Tokio Marine and Fire Insurance Company, Ltd. was of such a vital nature, both in Japan and around the world, that the name Kagami was almost a synonym for the firm’s name. Early in the firm’s history, his adroit management saved the company from bankrupty brought on by severe underwriting losses in England. He saw early the international nature of insurance operations and he brought wide-ranging recognition to his company. A diversified base of operations stemmed from the acquisition of insurers in Germany, Chile and the United States.
In his later years, Mr. Kagami’s experience was in demand within the Japanese government, where he served as a member of the Advisory Council to the Cabinet. He was also an advisory to the Finance Ministry and other ministries. For his services, he was designated by Japan as a member of the House of Peers. | <urn:uuid:155dc1d2-723f-4862-9c49-9e2cab4d003f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.insurancehalloffame.org/laureateprofile.php?laureate=106 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00412-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.984 | 251 | 1.523438 | 2 |
The end of the law is faith in Christ. which the Jews refusing to submit to, cannot be justified.
Brethren, the will of my heart, indeed, and my prayer to God, is for them unto salvation.
For I bear them witness, that they have a zeal of God, but not according to knowledge.
For they, not knowing the justice of God, and seeking to establish their own, have not submitted themselves to the justice of God.
For the end of the law is Christ, unto justice to every one that believeth.
For Moses wrote, that the justice which is of the law, the man that shall do it, shall live by it.
The justice of God: That is, the justice which God giveth us through Christ; as on the other hand, the Jews' own justice is, that which they pretended to by their own strength, or by the observance of the law, without faith in Christ.
But the justice which is of faith, speaketh thus: Say not in thy heart, Who shall ascend into heaven? that is, to bring Christ down;
Or who shall descend into the deep? that is, to bring up Christ again from the dead.
But what saith the scripture? The word is nigh thee, even in thy mouth, and in thy heart. This is the word of faith, which we preach.
For if thou confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and believe in thy heart that God hath raised him up from the dead, thou shalt be saved.
For, with the heart, we believe unto justice; but, with the mouth, confession is made unto salvation.
Thou shalt be saved: To confess the Lord Jesus, and to call upon the name of the Lord (ver. 13) is not barely the professing a belief in the person of Christ; but moreover, implies a belief of his whole doctrine, and an obedience to his law; without which, the calling him Lord will save no man. St. Matt. 7. 21.
For the scripture saith: Whosoever believeth in him, shall not be confounded.
For there is no distinction of the Jew and the Greek: for the same is Lord over all, rich unto all that call upon him.
For whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord, shall be saved.
How then shall they call on him, in whom they have not believed? Or how shall they believe him, of whom they have not heard? And how shall they hear, without a preacher?
And how shall they preach unless they be sent, as it is written: How beautiful are the feet of them that preach the gospel of peace, of them that bring glad tidings of good things!
Unless they be sent: Here is an evident proof against all new teachers, who have all usurped to themselves the ministry without any lawful mission, derived by succession from the apostles, to whom Christ said, John 20. 21, As my Father hath sent me, I also send you.
But all do not obey the gospel. For Isaias saith: Lord, who hath believed our report?
Faith then cometh by hearing; and hearing by the word of Christ.
But I say: Have they not heard? Yes, verily, their sound hath gone forth into all the earth, and their words unto the ends of the whole world.
But I say: Hath not Israel known? First, Moses saith: I will provoke you to jealousy by that which is not a nation; by a foolish nation I will anger you.
But Isaias is bold, and saith: I was found by them that did not seek me: I appeared openly to them that asked not after me.
But to Israel he saith: All the day long have I spread my hands to a people that believeth not, and contradicteth me. | <urn:uuid:a6cc2879-d3d1-49be-a299-02b02a919e66> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://drbo.org/chapter/52010.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00528-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954778 | 807 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Thinking about a pet rabbit for an Easter gift? Well, it’s true that people choose pets such as dogs or cats, others choose to keep a pet rabbit or two (or more). If that describes you, or a family member, below are some caring tips for pet rabbits. It isn’t difficult but it does take time and effort on your part.
Being cute and cuddly makes children fall in love with small pet rabbits. They’ll quickly pick one up and play with it. While it is possible to hold rabbits, not doing it properly could hurt the animal or cause an injury to the child.
Talk to a vet or knowledgeable pet store staff. They should be able to give you information about how to care for a pet rabbit. You can also purchase books to learn about rabbit care or search the internet to find the information you need for proper handling.
Like other animals, a pet rabbit has some basic requirements:
- A cage or home to live in
- Food dish, pellets and fresh vegetables
- Water bottle
- Bedding such as hay
- A litter pan
- Toys for the rabbit
- Space to exercise
Be sure to have all supplies on hand before you bring the bunny home. You’ll want to have everything ready for your new pet. This will enable you to place your bunny in its new home so it can get settled in.
Rabbits don’t like being held. In fact, they are more comfortable with all of their feet on the ground. It might be a better idea if an adult picks the rabbit up carefully and then give it to a child. Be sure to put your hand under the rabbit so it isn’t as likely to squirm or scratch. Rabbits can easily be hurt so your children will want to be careful with them and not play too rough.
Rabbits are also easily stressed and don’t like loud noises. Since this is the case, if your house is hectic or noisy, it may not be the best home for a pet rabbit. And you’ll also want to be sure you supervise your children when they’re playing with their pet.
Check the rabbit’s food and water at least twice daily. Give it fresh water if there is food, hay or other contaminants in it. They can eat alfalfa pellets or washed and rinsed vegetables. Lettuce, celery or broccoli can be given as a treat but should not comprise the most of their diet.
Rabbits can be trained to use a litter box if you keep their cage clean. You can also place litter boxes in each corner of their cage. They will choose one or two as their preferred spots; when this happens you can remove the other boxes.
Take your rabbit outdoors to exercise it a couple of times a week but don’t let the rabbit get too far from you. If it escapes you may not be able to get it back. Keep it indoors if the weather is too hot or rainy.
Finally, check your rabbit regularly to ensure it is healthy. They’ll need their nails filed or trimmed but be careful not to injury them. Clean the cage and keep the water fresh. Bunnies can get sick if their fur gets and stays wet. Take your rabbit to the veterinarian if you’re concerned about it.
Using these caring tips for pet bunnies, you can see how it really isn’t difficult. It does take time to care for any pet and a rabbit is no different. If taken care of properly, you can expect to keep your rabbit for several years. | <urn:uuid:3dcfc611-7c65-46c4-8d71-633261d703dd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://petsnanny.net/pet-rabbit/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.953901 | 773 | 1.9375 | 2 |
CRM Digital is an ontology and RDF Schema to encode metadata about the steps and methods of production (“provenance”) of digitization products and synthetic digital representations such as 2D, 3D or even animated Models created by various technologies. Its distinct features compared to competitive models is the complete inclusion of the initial physical measurement processes and their parameters. It has been developed as compatible extension of CIDOC CRM, which allows for querying the most relevant facts and returning complete descriptions encoded in this model by generic ISO21127 terms without need to refer to its specific properties. In contrast, competitive models cannot be queried by a more general standard and are restricted to the computational provenance only. Data encoded in the major competitive models can be transformed without loss of meaning into a CRM-Digital-form. | <urn:uuid:4527faf3-4be0-4932-af6e-4550b0dbd6a3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://triplydb.com/cidoc/crmdig | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.948184 | 172 | 1.648438 | 2 |
A tutorial has been started at Wikiversity:Introduction.
- Wikiversity:Welcome, newcomers
- Wikiversity:School and university projects
- Wikiversity:Browse browse traditional subject categories
- Wikiversity:Namespaces <-- information on how different types of Wikiversity pages should be placed in the available namespaces.
- Wikiversity:Naming conventions <-- Explains how different types of Wikiversity pages should be named. | <urn:uuid:f809c82e-b78a-4499-afdf-e16af5d581ed> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://en.m.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:Editing_tutorial | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.665104 | 105 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Sep 08, 2010
Getting to Work: Community and Vocational Colleges Explore New Paradigms for Workforce Development
Community, technical, and vocational colleges play an important role in preparing the workforce for the immediate labor demands of local employers and promoting full employment in their service regions. However, current economic conditions have challenged traditional models, prompting revised and sometimes new approaches. Dr. Rolando Montoya, provost at Miami Dade College, the nation's largest nonprofit institution of higher learning, discusses how a community college can nimbly adjust its curriculum to respond to the fast-changing workforce needs of local businesses and strengthen local economic development. | <urn:uuid:b40c2d8e-79de-48c6-944f-59a400594029> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://takeonpayments.frbatlanta.org/community-development/content-by-subject.aspx?keywords=Education%20and%20Training | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.92012 | 128 | 1.9375 | 2 |
A wave of good news lifted marine conservation and research this week. President Clinton today ordered federal agencies to develop a new network of marine reserves along U.S. coasts. The move came a few days after The Pew Charitable Trusts established a high-profile oceans commission that supporters hope will energize efforts to study and protect the sea.
In his appearance on a sun-dappled beach at the Assateague Island National Seashore in Virginia, Clinton outlined a new executive order that seeks to protect a bigger portion of the coastal shelf from fishing, drilling, and other activities. Currently, less than 1% of the United State's vast coastal territory is protected within a dozen marine sanctuaries and other wildlife refuges or parks (Science, 25 July 1997, p. 489). To boost the total, Clinton ordered the Interior and Commerce Departments to come up with a plan for designating and managing an integrated system of protected areas. For starters, he wants better safeguards for 12,000 square kilometers of coral reefs in the Northwest Hawaiian Islands, home to nearly 70% of U.S. reefs. "I can't think of a better way to begin the first summer of the new century," said Elliott Norse, president of the Marine Conservation Biology Institute in Redmond, Washington, one leader of a push to increase U.S. protected waters to 20% of the total by 2015.
The new Pew Commission on Oceans, to be led by New Jersey Governor Christine Todd Whitman and packed with political and business heavyweights, aims to guide government policy. The new panel, says Carl Safina of the National Audubon Society in New York City, has a chance to take a "clear, cold look at what's needed and what is appropriate now--and that's long overdue." The commission's first meeting will be in July, with a final report due in 2002. | <urn:uuid:b4565e30-6a3b-4aff-9d80-d05dea0013df> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2000/05/big-week-sea-life?mobile_switch=mobile | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721141.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00417-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942619 | 383 | 2.4375 | 2 |
A business cleaning administration, now and then alluded to as a janitorial administration, is an uncommon sort of expert cleaner that offers types of assistance to an assortment of business types. These commercial cleaning services administrations can be performed during or after business hours, so they don’t meddle with business activities, and by and large, incorporate day by day cleaning assignments and upkeep that keep your expert space looking perfect and prepared to serve your benefactors. Regardless of whether you work together in an office, clinical office, or retail space, business cleaning administrations are likely the arrangement you’re searching for. Some business cleaning organizations are independently claimed or worked, while others are essential for a halfway possessed brand. Coverall’s establishment proprietors work under a franchisee model, which means singular entrepreneurs serve their nearby business sectors under the Coverall brand. These establishment entrepreneurs perform business cleaning administrations with the sponsorship of a broadly perceived brand. This inclusion permits the Coverall System franchisees to serve single business areas alongside numerous areas that are essential for a chain. Our organization of local help habitats traverses the United States, Canada, and Japan, so finding an expert cleaning administration close to you has never been simpler.
WHAT SERVICES DOES A COMMERCIAL CLEANING COMPANY TYPICALLY OFFER?
At the point when you choose to recruit a business cleaning organization, it’s critical to realize routine general cleaning administrations and what might be considered “extra administrations.” The best business cleaning organizations will give you a statement that subtleties both.
Tidying: Most cleaning administrations will address dust that gathers close by surfaces. Some utilization more solid strategies for really eliminating dust—instead of simply spreading it around—which can help decrease allergens.
Vacuuming: High-traffic regions show trash acquired on supporters’ shoes and can cheapen the expert allure of your office.
Wiping: The hard floors in any space can get messy following a bustling day of high pedestrian activity. Setting aside an effort to clean and think about each floor type jam life span of the floor and furnishes your business and brand with an expert, clean space.
Refuse Removal: Stinky trash left in your working environment short-term can be serious amazement toward the beginning of the day. Eliminating waste, cleaning repositories, and supplanting sacks after every workday can have an immense effect.
Standard Wiping: standard wipe-down disposes of buildup and grime. In any case, utilizing disinfectants and the correct cleaning apparatuses can likewise eliminate microorganisms and infections that cause disease.
BUSINESS CLEANING SPECIALTY SERVICES
With countless kinds of organizations out there, some may require a claim to fame cleaning to represent spaces that need consideration far over an overall clean. To get those occasionally overlooked spaces, keep your items and show things putting their best self forward, or get ready for occasional traffic inundations, adding uncommon support of your overall cleaning plan is a good thought. Spare your deck, upholstery, and different resources through a deterrent support plan. A one-time function may likewise require a more significant level of consideration than your typical non-weekend day clean. Month to month, quarterly, or yearly extraordinary administrations.
The amount DO COMMERCIAL CLEANING SERVICES COST?
A business cleaning administration takes various components into thought as they set up a cleaning administration estimating quote. Since every business or working environment is extraordinary, there are a couple of key components to consider when you are checking on value cites for administrations. | <urn:uuid:a2a1c506-07cc-4ad4-a493-6eab1831dbb1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.orbzone.org/about-commercial-cleaning-services/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.918998 | 727 | 1.671875 | 2 |
UNODC is the custodian of the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners and assists countries in implementing international standards and United Nations resolutions that demand that all inmates have the right to receive health care, including HIV prevention and care, without discrimination and equivalent to those available in the community. Prison settings include, in addition to regular prisons, police lock-ups, pre-trial detention centres and closed institutions for juveniles in conflict with the law.
Worldwide, the levels of HIV infection among prison populations tend to be much higher than in the population outside prisons. Even in many countries where HIV prevalence in the community as a whole is low, it is a serious health threat for prison populations, and presents significant challenges for prison and public health authorities and national governments. This situation is often accompanied and exacerbated by high rates of other infectious diseases such as hepatitis and tuberculosis. The generally accepted principle that prisons and prisoners remain part of the broader community means that the health threat of HIV within prisons, and the health threat outside of prisons, are inextricably linked and therefore demand coordinated action.
In addition to drug use and unsafe sexual practices, factors such as prison overcrowding, inadequate nutritional provisions, poor health services, unsafe tattooing and blood rituals, violence, corruption and poor prison management, make prisons a high-risk environment for transmission of HIV, tuberculosis and other communicable diseases. The lack of knowledge and education amongst prisoners about the risks of contracting and transmitting HIV, along with the absence of protective measures and proper health services, increases their risks of infection. Within this environment the risks for staff and in turn, their families, also increases. Worldwide there is a very high turnover in the prison population (almost 30 million annually) as most prisoners are incarcerated for short period of time. Upon release, most return to the community where they engage in pre-existing sexual behaviour of multiple concurrent partners and injecting drug use.
Although there is generally accepted recognition that prisons present a high-risk environment for the transmission of HIV there remains serious gaps in most countries' response and attitude to it. Available information on the prevalence of HIV and the extent of high-risk behaviours and practices such as IDU and unprotected sex in prison settings is vague, drawn from statistically non-representative samples from a limited number of countries. The lack of information is in part due to government's sensitivities to the collection and subsequent release of data necessary to mount, monitor and evaluate an effective response to the epidemic. As a result and for the most part, strategies to address HIV in prisons are isolated and not well situated within national HIV action plans and strategies.
While prison authorities have a central role in implementing effective measures and strategies to address HIV/AIDS, this task is not solely the responsibility of prison systems. The development and implementation of prison-based HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and care requires input, support and ownership at all levels; namely at the policy level, prison management level and at service provider level. It also requires collaboration and full participation of all stakeholders, such as health, law enforcement and criminal justice sectors, as well as non-governmental organizations and people living with or affected by HIV. | <urn:uuid:cd478c57-99e7-484a-a70c-030bd8905e90> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.unodc.org/balticstates/lv/topics/prison-settings.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00242-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951889 | 639 | 3.265625 | 3 |
You work hard to earn the money it takes to keep your family fed and the last thing you need is for your food to spoil. If your refrigerator isn’t cold enough, that is a real possibility. If you or one of your family members eats food that’s not properly chilled, you can get very ill. That’s the last thing anybody needs. Don’t panic. Take a few minutes to evaluate the situation to find out what the problem is. You might be able to take care of this yourself. Here’s how to tell if you need a refrigerator repair company, or it’s something you can handle.
DIY Refrigerator Diagnosis
If your refrigerator isn’t cold enough, you might automatically think that it needs to be replaced. At the very least, you’re going to have a repair bill. But, that’s not necessarily true. In fact, the solution to the problem might be much simpler and less expensive to remedy than you expect. Just follow these five simple steps:
- Check the Power – Make sure that your refrigerator is plugged in properly and that it’s getting power. The light should come on inside the fridge when the door is opened and you’ll be able to hear the fan and compressor as the fridge runs. (Don’t touch the cord if it looks like it’s plugged in. See below.)
- Check the Thermostat – Take a look at the thermostat control inside your refrigerator and make sure it hasn’t been turned down by mistake. Adjust the setting to a higher number on the dial or digital control and check the temperature in an hour or two to see if the temperature drops.
- Organize the Freezer – Be sure that the vents located at the back of the freezer compartment aren’t blocked off with frozen foods. Those vents help circulate the cold air through the freezer and into the refrigerator. Organize the items in the freezer to allow the air to flow freely and check back in a while.
- Vacuum the Coils – If the coils under or behind the fridge are dirty or clogged it won’t be able to stay cold. Unplug the refrigerator and carefully vacuum the coils to remove any dust or other debris build-ups. Never do this unless the unit is unplugged, or you risk getting a nasty, painful electrical shock.
- Check the Fan – If your refrigerator has coils underneath, it also will have a condenser fan. If this fan is dirty or is being obstructed, it can’t move the air around. Again, with the refrigerator unplugged, spin the fan by hand and clean each blade. If the fan blade doesn’t move easily, you’re going to need some help.
When to Call A Refrigerator Repair Company
If you’ve gone through this list of simple fixes and you’re still not happy with the coldness of your fridge, or you’re experiencing other problems, it’s time to call a refrigerator repair company in Long Island like Fleet Appliance. Our professional technicians will diagnose the problem and make the repairs on your refrigerator or freezer quickly and safely.
Refrigerator Stops Working Suddenly
If your refrigerator suddenly quits working, the first thing to do is check that it’s plugged in right. That was the first step above. If it looks like it’s plugged in all the way, visually inspect the cord to make sure it’s not damaged. Fraying, or breaks in the cord have to be addressed by a professional. DO NOT touch the cord, or attempt to unplug the unit if you notice a worn cord, you’ll get a nasty shock, or worse. Our technicians are highly trained and they’ll safely take care of the cord and make sure it works properly.
Refrigerator Starts Making Strange Noises
You hear your refrigerator come on and go off as it goes about its normal operations. What’s not normal is a high-pitched screech, knocks, bangs, or clunking that isn’t because of an ice maker. These sounds mean your refrigerator has a serious issue that you can’t take care of on your own. Not only is it potentially dangerous for you to try, but it’s also complicated and difficult. In other words, leave it to a refrigerator repair professional.
Refrigerator Springs a Leak
A puddle of water inside of your refrigerator or on the floor around it is a sign of a clogged defrost drain. That water isn’t just making a mess, it will also damage your kitchen floors and cabinets if left unchecked. The problem is that a clogged defrost drain isn’t an easy fix. In fact, most refrigerator manufacturers hide the drain and it’s impossible to get to without the professional tools and training. Don’t worry, we can do it for you.
Why You Should Call Fleet Appliance Corp
We know that refrigerator issues cause stress and anxiety for you and we don’t like to see our neighbors unhappy. We proudly serve our community and our friendly staff is always ready to lend a hand. We’ll honestly evaluate your refrigerator problem, explain what we recommend to fix it, and give you the opportunity to ask questions and make the right decision for you.
- Over 2 Decades of Reliable, Personal Service
- Fast, Friendly Service Anytime You Need Us
- Trained, Certified Technicians
- Proficient in a Many Appliance Brands
- No High-Pressure Sales Tactics or Gimmicks
- Parts and Labor Service Warranties
- Real-Time Status Tracking
It’s understandable to be frustrated if your refrigerator quits working right. After all, you rely on it and it’s letting you down. Plus, a new refrigerator with a freezer will set you back $1,000 and if you lose all that food in your fridge and freezer, you’ll have to throw it out and replace it. That’s more money out of your pocket. You’ve checked everything and there’s nothing you can do to make Instead of jumping to the conclusion that you have to buy a new fridge, call Fleet Appliance Corp at (631) 286-7899. We’ll send a friendly, professional technician over to evaluate the problem. In most cases, the repair can be made immediately so you can get back to life. | <urn:uuid:640b5def-61e8-4627-8b48-6f8b0ab8a0fd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fleetappliance.com/refrigerator-repair/my-fridge-isnt-cold-enough-should-i-call-a-refrigerator-repair-specialist/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.912683 | 1,362 | 1.835938 | 2 |
OWASSO, Okla. — An 11-year-old Owasso boy is fairly new to the game of baseball, and he’s already looking forward to the fall baseball season.
FOX23 sat down with Alexander Bolding’s grandfather on the child’s love for the game, and the lengths his grandfather went to make sure Alex and his team had a place to practice.
“I took Alexander to his first baseball practice in a drainage ditch of an addition in Collinsville,” said Jerry “Poppy” Compton, Alex’s grandfather. “And they were using Styrofoam lids for bases.”
FOX23 first introduced viewers to Alex four years ago when he was in the middle of treatment for Medulloblastoma — a rare type of brain cancer.
Now, he’s working hard to achieve his plan to play for the Collinsville Dodgers this fall.
“[The coaches] both said, ‘man, I wish we had something better,’' explained Compton. “And I said, ‘well, I’ve got some flat land. Let me see what I can do.’ So I talked to Alexander and he was all in.”
Alexander told FOX23 the idea was all his, but it didn’t take much to sell the idea to his grandfather.
“He says ‘Well that’s actually a good idea. We should build a baseball field,’” Alexander said. “So then the next day we start working on it.”
Compton added, “[Alexander] helped me with most of it after the tractor work and it went from there.”
“The first time the kids came out here, I saw the looks on their faces, and their parents’ [faces],” said Compton. “And I thought they don’t have to win games, they’re just so happy being out here. They were amazed they had real bases, it was just a fun, fun time.”
The Collinsville Dodgers are a mix of boys between 11-years-old and 13-years-old. Alexander told FOX23 five of them had never played baseball before.
“Fortunately, we had a couple of good pitchers and that kind of helped us out in the beginning, but the kids improved from game one to the end of the season,” Compton explained. “Probably better than any other team I’d seen.”
Alexander told FOX23 the number he chose on his baseball jersey was special as well.
“Five, Braxton’s number,” Alexander said.
Braxton was Alexander’s friend while both boys received cancer treatments through St. Jude.
“Back when he was at St. Jude, Braxton was one of his baseball buddies. Braxton taught Alexander the game, taught him about throwing [and] hitting,” Compton said.
Sadly, Braxton died, but Alex carries his friend’s memory with him whenever he’s on the field.
“It’s just a special thing for number five. Braxton is playing baseball in Heaven right now,” Compton said. “He was a special kid. Remarkable.”
Compton told FOX23 he’s talked with the Dodgers’ coaches, and practices for fall baseball start in about a month. Alexander cannot wait.
©2022 Cox Media Group | <urn:uuid:3c5f9de3-1aa8-43ef-b289-16eb832fee9f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fox23.com/news/after-beating-rare-form-brain-cancer-an-owasso-boy-prepares-fall-baseball-season/WP7Q4V3CURAMZFPVXXXAFBLNJI/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.980511 | 745 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Cetuximab is a cancer medicine that interferes with the growth and spread of cancer cells in the body.
Cetuximab is used to treat cancers of the colon and rectum. It is also used to treat head and neck cancer.
Cetuximab is often used in combination with other cancer medicines or radiation treatment.
Cetuximab may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Some people receiving a cetuximab injection have had a reaction to the infusion (when the medicine is injected into the vein). Tell your caregiver right away if you feel dizzy, feverish, itchy, or short of breath during the injection.
Cetuximab has caused life-threatening side effects in a small number of patients. Your caregivers will watch you closely after you receive each dose of this medicine.
Cetuximab can have long lasting effects on your body. You may need frequent medical tests for a short time after you stop using this medicine.
You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to cetuximab or to mouse protein.
To make sure cetuximab is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have:
It is not known whether this medicine will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.
Whether you are a man or a woman, use effective birth control to prevent pregnancy while you are receiving cetuximab, and for at least 6 months after your treatment ends.
You should not breast-feed a baby while you are receiving cetuximab and for at least 60 days after your treatment ends. If you use a breast pump during this time, throw out any milk you collect. Do not feed it to your baby.
Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Some people receiving a cetuximab injection have had a reaction to the infusion (when the medicine is injected into the vein). Tell your caregiver right away if you feel short of breath, weak or dizzy, nauseated, itchy, or have wheezing, noisy breathing, or a hoarse voice during the injection.
Call your doctor at once if you have:
Common side effects may include:
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Avoid exposure to sunlight or tanning beds while you are receiving cetuximab and for at least 2 months after your treatment ends. Cetuximab can make you sunburn more easily. Wear protective clothing and use sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) when you are outdoors.
There may be other drugs that can interact with cetuximab. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.
Cetuximab is injected into a vein through an IV. You will receive this injection in a clinic or hospital setting. Cetuximab must be given slowly, and the IV infusion can take up to 2 hours to complete. You may be given other medications to prevent certain side effects while you are receiving cetuximab.
Cetuximab is usually given once every week for 6 to 7 weeks or until your body no longer responds to the medication. Follow your doctor's dosing instructions very carefully.
Cetuximab is often used in combination with other cancer medications and/or radiation treatments. You may receive another cancer medicine 1 hour after your cetuximab injection.
If you are also being treated with radiation, you will receive your first cetuximab injection 1 week before your radiation treatment. Later doses are usually given 1 hour before radiation treatments.
Cetuximab has caused life-threatening side effects in a small number of patients. After each cetuximab infusion, your caregivers will watch you closely to make sure you do not have any serious side effects.
To make sure this medication is helping your condition and not causing harmful effects, your blood will need to be tested often. Your cancer treatments may be delayed based on the results of these tests.
Cetuximab can have long lasting effects on your body. You may need to have blood tests for several weeks after your cetuximab treatment has ended. Do not miss any follow-up visits to your doctor.
Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.
Call your doctor for instructions if you miss an appointment for your cetuximab infusion.
Copyright 1996-2016 Cerner Multum, Inc.
Latest Update: 5/16/2016, Version: 8.01 | <urn:uuid:05bb36e5-f693-475f-b823-fff686c1e9f2> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/cetuximab | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721405.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00312-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.92344 | 1,038 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Cineclub Opportunity for Northwest based filmmakers
14 January 2013
Cineclub, The Young Filmmakers Network is a mini-studio system, where children learn to become proficient low budget filmmakers on a sustainable basis. Cineclub is about learning from mistakes and risk taking.
They are recruiting for a small number of filmmaking
facilitators within the North West area (incl. Liverpool and
Manchester) who wish to join their expanding
organisation. The regional facilitators will
train children and teachers in low budget film production,
including all pre-production, production and post production
activities. These workshops range in duration from 1 day projects
to after school clubs, which run one afternoon a week for one or
two schools terms. The Cineclub network includes young filmmakers
from primary schools, secondary schools and youth
Candidates will need:
- A knowledge of low budget filmmaking techniques
- To have experience running filmmaking activities with children and young people.
- To be confident and friendly
- To have an understanding of behaviour management and the challenges of working with young people.
- You must have an enhanced CRB disclosure or must be prepared to apply for one prior to commencing work with us.
Their filmmaker projects are run as after school clubs, one day workshops and week long summer projects, working with a range of children from primary and secondary schools but also with a range of disabilities and challenging behaviour groups.
Work is on an ad hoc basis. Payments are as follows: £60
per two hour session and £125 for a full day, but this is variable
depending on the project. Selected applicants
will be asked to attend an interview where you will be asked more
about yourself and your experience in film.
Closing Date for applications: Tuesday 29 January 2013
The interviews will be held on Monday 4 February (Manchester) and Tuesday 5February (Liverpool).
Prior to being offered work, successful chosen candidates MUST attend Cineclub's compulsory two day induction training on Tuesday 26 February and Wednesday 27 February 10am - 4pm. The training will be held at here at FACT.
C/O The Devas Club
2A Stormont Road
London, SW11 5EN | <urn:uuid:6d307257-92ba-4d43-b8fe-21b08f479ff3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.fact.co.uk/news-articles/2013/01/cineclub-opportunity-for-northwest-based-filmmakers.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00222-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947873 | 457 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Advantages of the advertising:
1. It increases the sales volume: advertising increases the sales volume of the product. Hence mass production is possible. This leads, to reduction in the cost of the production.
2. It increases the net profit: It increase the net profit by a higher turnover of the sales. It leads to higher volume of production. Hence advantage cost of production is less, and the profit will be increase.
3. It controls product line: control of wholesaler and retail price is possible by means of advertisement.
4. It helps in opening new market: advertising is helpful in opening or creating new markets. It helps to get leadership in the market. It helps the manufactures to take decisions whether to expand the market share or not.
5. It maintains the existing market: maintenance of existing market is essential for the success of a concern. Hence manufactures, which look ahead, always have an eye on the future business.
6. It creats reputation: advertising increases the reputation of the manufactures in the public. It builds the image of the product and the goodwill of the manufactures.
7. It is less expensive: advertising is considered to be less expansive. With a smaller amount of money, advertising reaches many people and more people will buy the product.
8. Wide information: Wide information of the product is possible through advertisement. Any change in the quality or price can be made known by the manufactures to the customers as and when it is necessary in a quick manner.
Advantage of the salesman:
1. Creats a background: salesmen's mastely and skill satisfy the customers. A well trained, active tactful salesman's job makes easy distribution work. The advertisement, which is the background, will help the salesman very much. Customers know about the product through advertisement. When the salesman contacts them with the product, customers buy the product without any hesitation.
2. Curtails the burden of the salesman's job: if the advertising is done by the manufacturer, the work of the salesman is reduced. Otherwise he has to advertise about the product and then try to sell the product. Salesman's function is supported and supplemented by the advertismnet.
3. Least effort: advertised product can be sold very easily. Salesman's time is saved and he can contact more customers in a short period. He can meet many customers with the least effort.
4. Consumer's need can be studied: a salesman confidence is increased through the advertising by educating and stimulating the consumers. Customer's demand and needs are studied by him correctly.
5. Creats enthusiasm: advertising reduces salesman's job. He can do his job in a better way to sell the products, crossing the fixed Quota. Hence it creats enthusiasm in him aenced confedence in him a
Advantages to Wholesalers and retailers
1. Creates easy sales: Advertisement informs consumers about the quality of the product hence they know the about the product sale of the product is easy for the wholesalers and retailers
2. Increases the turnover: advertising helps quick sale of the product which in turn increases the rate of the trunover of the product. Thus, there is no question of old stocks. It reduces the express on the overhead changes.
3. Attracts more customers: advertising gives detailed information about the product and the availability of the product in a particular group. As such, it attracts more customers in that particular shop.
Increases the prestiage of teh store: customers know about the store through the advertising. The goodwill or repution earned by the manufacturer is also shared by the selling shops. Thus the prestiage of the firm increases.
Publicity: in the advertisement, product publicity and wholesalers or retail shop publicity are done simultaneously. Thus, the retailers are also known to the public and thereby increase their sales too.
Advantages to the customer:
1. Easy advertising: advertising helps customers in an easy purchasing of the products. Advertisement gives useful information about the reanable of the price and the quality of the product.
2. Fair: it helps the customer to get the product at fair price.
3. Saves time: it helps customers by giving information about the availibilty of the product, where and when. The the customers can select the best prdocut in a particular group. Thus it reduces their shooping time.
4. Best quality product: advertisement generally stands for a quality product. Manufactures advertise their product only for selling. If the product is not good, customers will switch on the other products (brand). Manufacturers maintain their quality to retain the market.
5. Educates the customer: the aim of the advertising is to educate the customers about the information of a new product menaining its different use. It gives information to the customers about the availability of goods and services in the market.
Advantages to the community:
1. Increase employment opportunities: advertising generates employment opportunities directly and indirectly. Direct employment opportunities in the advertising are artists, painters, singers, musicians, writers, pressman, agencies etc.
2. Uplifts the standard of the living: advertising is an effective tool which raises the standard of living of the people of teh advanced countries.
3. Educative value: advertising educates the members of the community in the various uses of products. As such, people know the variations and their availability in the market and uses and benefits.
4. Helps press: advertising gives more income to the press. We cannot buy newspapers at a cheaper rate without advertisement. Commercial advertisement and broadcasting are undertaken by radios, television, newspapers, etc. these lead to the cheaper availability of the newspapers. | <urn:uuid:deab07e2-7a37-41b3-8d4b-1244ebfc3af8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.expertsmind.com/questions/advantages-of-the-advertising-30113394.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00293-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943764 | 1,171 | 2.328125 | 2 |
United States 94th Aero Squadron officers stand in front of a plane in France during World War I.
France Date:1918 Duration:39 sec Sound:NO SOUND
Activities of United States 94th Aero Squadron in France during World War I. Officers of 94th Aero Squadron stand in front of an aircraft in a field, France. Several of them hold canes or rustic walking sticks.
This historic stock footage available in HD and SD video. View pricing below video player.
Have a correction or more info about this clip? Edit Now
Be the first to correct or edit this clip's info! Edit Now | <urn:uuid:d64039ce-c831-49ef-a7f1-8f3bef88c3cc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.criticalpast.com/video/65675049089_United-States-94th-Aero-Squadron_World-War-I_officers_standing-in-front-of-a-plane | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00563-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.895247 | 128 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Editor’s Note: On Feb. 19, 1812, newly-weds Adoniram and Ann Judson set sail with others as the first American foreign missionaries. Later this year, B&H will release “Adoniram Judson: A Bicentennial Appreciation of the Pioneer American Missionary,” edited by Jason G. Duesing with contributions from Southwestern Seminary professors. This article is part of a four-part series on Judson’s life and impact.
“Love bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things.
Love never fails,” 1 Cor. 13:7-8a.
Edward Judson, one of the sons of Adoniram and Sarah Judson, remarked, “There are very few of those who have gone out from this country as missionaries who are not indebted to Mr. Judson for his methods and inspiration.” Indeed, Judson’s life and ministry has left an indelible mark not only on Burma, but also on so many missionaries who have surrendered to God’s call. However, Judson’s story is incomplete without a look at the three incredible women who shared the journey with him at different points along the way.
Ann Hasseltine Judson
(married to Adoniram from 1812 until her death in 1826)
It is hard to realize in these days what it meant to be a missionary during that time. Before Ann left with Adoniram, no woman from America had ever gone overseas as a missionary. In fact, many people in Ann’s life were opposed to her marriage simply because of the uncertainty of missionary life for a woman. In a revealing letter to her friend Lydia Kimball, Ann wrote:
I feel willing and expect, if nothing in providence prevents, to spend my days in this world in heathen lands. Yes, Lydia, I have about come to the determination to give up all my comforts and enjoyments here, sacrifice my affection to relatives and friends, and go where God, in his providence, shall see fit to place me. My determinations are not hasty, or formed without viewing the dangers, trials, and hardships attendant on a missionary life. . . . Now my mind is settled and composed, and is willing to leave the event with God.
In her journal two days before they departed for Burma, Ann demonstrated that it was her love for God and her love for the lost that steeled her resolve to go:
But I most sincerely hope that we shall be able to remain at Rangoon, among the Burmans, a people who have never heard the sound of the Gospel, or read, in their own language, of the love of Christ. Though our trials may be great, and our privations many and severe, yet the presence of Jesus can make us happy, and the consciousness that we have sacrificed all for his dear cause, and are endeavoring to labor for the salvation of immortal souls, will enable us to bear our privations and trials, with some degree of satisfaction and delight.
When the Judsons began their work in Burma, it would have been considered the modern-day equivalent of a closed country. All previous missionaries had either died in service or abandoned the area. During the first few years in Burma, she assisted her husband in his translation work and produced a catechism that she used in the school they opened for Burmese girls. She decided to adopt the colorful dress of the Burmese women and learn their customs and formed a society of native women that met together on Sunday to pray and read Scripture. Seeing the mistreatment of women, Ann was even more burdened for the Burmese women to hear the Gospel.
Ann’s writing proved to be one of her greatest contributions to the mission field. Through her pen the world learned the details of her husband’s imprisonment for almost two years, of the child marriages popular in Burma and India, of female infanticide, and of the difficulties faced by Burmese women. She also wrote to women in America, enlisting them to help her through prayer, giving, or, for some, coming to join them on the field. Ann was stricken with fever and died at the age of 37 on October 24, 1826, and was buried under a hopia tree.
Sarah Hall Boardman Judson
(married to Adoniram from 1834 until her death in 1845)
Sarah, Judson’s second wife, attacked the missionary task with an inexhaustible drive and determination. Early in her life, her heart became burdened for the lost:
I have been pained by thinking of those who have never heard the sound of the Gospel. When will the time come that the poor heathen, now bowing to idols, shall own the living and true God?
She and her first husband George Boardman arrived in Burma in 1827. They began their work in Amherst, then Moulmein, and then Tavoy.
However, in 1831 Mr. Boardman succumbed to illness and died. Sarah chose to stay in Burma and continue the work among the people who so desperately needed to hear the truth.
On April 10, 1834, Adoniram and Sarah were married. Adoniram found the companionship of Sarah to be sweet after eight years of loneliness. During their eleven years of their married life, eight children were born to them, three of whom died at an early age.
Sarah’s ministry to and with Adoniram was fruitful over the ensuing years; she translated part of Pilgrim’s Progress and several hymns and other materials into the Burmese language. She wrote four volumes of a Scripture Catechism, and she learned the language of the Peguans, another tribe, to help the translation of the New Testament in their language as well as tracts. Unfortunately, like Ann before her, Sarah’s health declined before her passion for ministry ever died out.
Emily Chubbuck Judson
(married to Adoniram from 1846 until his death in 1850)
Emily, Adoniram’s third wife, was inspired by the life of Ann Judson: “I have felt ever since I read the memoir of Mrs. Ann H. Judson when I was a child, that I must become a missionary.” However, as a young woman, Emily’s family circumstances necessitated her finding a way to help support her parents and younger siblings, and she turned to writing. She gained notoriety as an author writing under the nom de plume of Fanny Forester. Adoniram met her while on furlough after the death of Sarah and asked her to consider writing the life story of his second wife. Emily accepted the challenge, and this encounter led to courtship and marriage between Emily and Adoniram. In the final years of Adoniram’s life, Emily proved to be a wonderful companion. Before his death Adoniram completed his work on his English-Burmese dictionary, and Emily finished the memoir of Sarah.
The legacy of each of these women is not just in the thousands of women believers in Burma, but also in the inspiration they gave and continue to give to Christians around the world to be faithful, despite circumstances, to God in each step of their journey. They truly exemplified a love that “bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things” by giving their lives for the cause of Christ so that the people of Burma could hear the Gospel.
For more information about the wives of Adoniram Judson, see Candi Finch’s chapter “So That the World May Know: The Legacy of Adoniram Judson’s Wives” in the forthcoming Adoniram Judson: A Bicentennial Appreciation of the Pioneer American Missionary (Nashville: B&H Academic, 2012).
James D. Knowles, The Memoir of Mrs. Ann H. Judson,103.
Sarah wrote these words in her journal shortly after her baptism, recorded in Emily Chubbuck Judson’s Memoir of Sarah B. Judson: The American Mission to Burmah (New York: L. Colby and Company, 1848), 21.
Taken from a letter Emily wrote to a friend, recorded in Edward Judson’s The Life of Adoniram Judson, 483. | <urn:uuid:24d90a3c-7212-4c70-bc7d-d46f87fead54> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://theologicalmatters.com/2012/02/14/a-love-that-endures-the-legacy-of-ann-sarah-and-emily-judson/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00210-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973721 | 1,789 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Newspapers were already good business, way back when they carried actual news, on paper. Gather some news, write it down, stamp cheap ink on cheap wood-pulp and presto! — scalable revenue, with no obvious upper bound.
In fact, the more people read printed news, the more valuable it is, being both trusted by many and known by many. With rewards like those, of course some news outlets grow to national, even international, scale, almost like natural monopolies, and provide whole societies with standardized, synchronized information. With a subscription, any person or library could have their own complete, permanent record of what matters — and mattered — to society.
Now update printed news to the digital age. The cost of copying and delivering information goes from cheap to free, meaning more profits for the outlet but also more uncaptured revenue — because each reader can now copy and deliver too. Furthermore, each specific reader can be profiled, so that specific items and ads can be tailored for each reader. It’s almost the perfect business.
Is Technology Neutral?
“Almost,” because while digital platforms give far more fine-grained control over readers, they lose control over money. It’s actually too easy to copy digital content, and too easy for readers to find free versions, so the old pay-for-paper model, with its chokepoint at the retailer, doesn’t work anymore. One solution is extra advertising, bound so tightly with the news, paragraph by paragraph, that you can’t escape it. Unfortunately, such relentless interruption undermines reading comprehension and drives readers crazy.
An Almost Perfect Business
The alternative is to charge for digital access, with a paywall. A paywall not only captures revenue otherwise lost but, by making the information harder to access, it reaps the rewards of scarcity, because hard-to-get things are more valuable. Furthermore, a paywall can charge different rates to different people and give different things in return, so money and attention can be most effectively squeezed out of readers. In fact, if you ask the simple business question about how to turn an existing news source into money, a paywall seems the best answer. And it is the best answer, but to the wrong question.
The right question asks about the opposite influence: How do paywall revenues influence the information being supplied?
That depends on what you mean by “information.” Economics and computer science both understand information, but in different ways. As a general rule, economics considers information to be part of the essential infrastructure, like air: necessary, neutral and freely available. Or rather, economists use the concept of “free information” to prove theorems about stable economic balances in free markets. But as American laissez-faire economist Milton Friedman once said, “There is no such thing as a free lunch.” He could have also said that “There is no such thing as free information.” Information costs money and is worth money. The rarer it is, the more it’s worth — and the more it’s worth to copy.
That insight is so deep, even computer scientists understand it. In fact, one of them proved it mathematically. Claude Shannon, who invented the concepts of bytes and bandwidth, proved that the more unlikely a message is, the more information (bits or bytes) it carries. But there’s a catch: If you even copy the information once — much less a million times — you change those probabilities, and thus change the actual information carried by the message, even if the apparent information (the content) remains the same. So copying, just by itself, corrupts information. A stock tip on the front page isn’t worth as much.
Now add in moral hazards, the economic term for foxes guarding henhouses. For hundreds of years newspapers tilted news toward advertisers and those in power, but the tools were coarse, and proof lingered on paper. Online advertising has millions of times more data now, so the moneybags now have even more power to ensure the news serves their own interests. And since there is no solid paper to store, there is no way to record whatever chicanery keeps those sponsors happy. Biased news helps defray the bills, leaving little lingering trace, save on balance sheets. In the online world, unbiased news is more expensive to write — and harder to sell.
Moral hazards show up inside newsrooms too. The New York Times is reputed to earn $600 million a year from its paywall, which means half a billion dollars from people reading news on screens. With that much revenue at stake, how likely are they to report on the undisputed technological proof that screen use damages the human nervous system? Economically, their paywall forces them to stay hush about a dangerous technology.
The root problem is a bit of business wisdom I learned as a data scientist at a large aggregator of online sales “leads.” As I wrote the automated fraud-detection system, I was told to devalue so-called incentivized leads — “fill out this form, get a free phone”— as the least reliable ones in our entire ecosystem. The general rule is embarrassingly obvious: If monetary forces have a chance to influence information according to their specific bias, they will. It’s their job. Thus, incentives undermine trust.
To be sure, business pressures and human trust have co-existed for millennia, at least until recently. So obviously, incentives all by themselves don’t cancel human trust. But human trust, over not just millennia but over millions of years, was formed by eye contact, proximity, handshakes and long-term relationships, multiple forms of high-bandwidth sensory information entirely missing online. In the absence of that potent human glue, trust will inevitably erode, but it happens much faster when business pressures work their magic.
In short, business doesn’t understand trust once computers are involved. Fortunately, computer scientists do. They know two things.
First, they know that errors cascade. One becomes two becomes four becomes eight, and so on. That’s why even a single bit-flip can crash a computer. Second, they know that distributed processors must cooperate. If different parts of a computer start competing with each other, especially undermining each other’s communications the way warring nations do, the system must fail. So digital computers trust every bit, because every bit is perfect. It has to be.
To understand distributed human trust, imagine our base hardware in its original analog “paleo” configuration: pre-verbal Homo sapiens. Before words, our biped ancestors foraged and hunted in tight-knit groups, communicating entirely with grunts, hoots, grimaces and back-slaps. That is, their interactive, distributed communications channel was live vibration, like elaborate tuning forks linked over meters and seconds, down to micrometers and microseconds. As vibrating jelly bags, they stayed “in tune” with each other without using words or categories. That’s how we natively collaborate.
The good news is, we know the human kind of distributed computing works, or we wouldn’t be here. The bad news is, our version needs in-your-face reciprocity, which doesn’t work online. Imagine news, back in the day. An incident seen by a human being, and recounted around the campfire in the presence of other human beings, counted as trustworthy “news” to a human. Physical newspapers were still somewhat trustworthy, because a newspaper published over years by a known citizen, in public on enduring newsprint, had real people as publishers and editors, and had a medium — paper — which was transparent and enduring. An article flickering on a screen under a logo is far less trustworthy, being devoid of permanence and human presence. The worst, paywall-enabled news presentation occurs when online messages appear differently to each reader, as tailored by ads and algorithms, and can disappear whenever powerful interests wish, replaced by a sanitized version under the same title.
So the very features of digital news which help paywalls make money — their abilities to track readers, to rewrite and repost at will, to prevent unauthorized access and attribution — also undermine both individual trust and public trust. Paywall outlets do provide whole societies with information, but “personalization” means it is now neither standardized nor synchronized, and thus not useful for solving social problems. Unlike subscription newspapers, paywalls contribute noise and bias more than signal. In the neutral terms of computer science and data science, paywalls and ad tech undermine trust. It’s time for real innovators to find a real solution.
*[The articles in this column present a set of permanent scientific truths that interlock like jigsaw pieces. They span physics, technology, economics, media, neuroscience, bodies, brains and minds, as quantified by the mathematics of information flow through space and time. Together, they promote the neurosafe agenda: That human interactions with technology do not harm either the nervous system’s function, nor its interests, as measured by neuromechanical trust.]
The views expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect Fair Observer’s editorial policy.
For more than 10 years, Fair Observer has been free, fair and independent. No billionaire owns us, no advertisers control us. We are a reader-supported nonprofit. Unlike many other publications, we keep our content free for readers regardless of where they live or whether they can afford to pay. We have no paywalls and no ads.
In the post-truth era of fake news, echo chambers and filter bubbles, we publish a plurality of perspectives from around the world. Anyone can publish with us, but everyone goes through a rigorous editorial process. So, you get fact-checked, well-reasoned content instead of noise.
We publish 2,500+ voices from 90+ countries. We also conduct education and training programs on subjects ranging from digital media and journalism to writing and critical thinking. This doesn’t come cheap. Servers, editors, trainers and web developers cost money. Please consider supporting us on a regular basis as a recurring donor or a sustaining member. | <urn:uuid:339bae95-ff7c-4c9b-ab0d-d346f7759145> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fairobserver.com/business/technology/paywall-subscription-models-journalism-media-bias-news-66561/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.942533 | 2,150 | 2.4375 | 2 |
Design and Implementation of Export Shipping System with a Study of the Requirements and Life-Cycle
The Export Shipping System is focused primarily on upgrading the manual system currently used for tracking export orders and inventory in the shipping department at Square D Company. It consists of a group of program modules which facilitate the receipt, shipment, and associated paperwork involved in the processing of export orders from the time they reach the shipping department through the invoice and subsequent accounting reports. This paper describes the project and the associated software implemented. This description analyzes the project development life-cycle and compares it with the alternative software development life-cycles, as described in the literature in order to identify strengths and weaknesses of the method used in the Export Shipping System. Finally, it will give some afterthoughts about the project development to guide future project development. | <urn:uuid:7983b48d-6fb5-43bc-b217-c57e8d8ece60> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://sc.lib.miamioh.edu/handle/2374.MIA/201 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00406-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935071 | 163 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Currently, 36 states require students to receive training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
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A History of Economics and Business at Auburn University
Presenting a collection of papers published to celebrate the centennial of Auburn University's economics department and the silver anniversary of the College of Business. Whitten chronicles moral philosophpy instruction from its origins at a church college in nineteenth-century rural, agrarian Alabama to the economics and business taught at the state's largest university. He outlines the history of business education in the years before Auburn established a business school, and the evolution of the economics department from one professor-the president of the college-to the modern, highly ranked score of economists.
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Just about every game you buy, for any platform, requires a broadband connection. Whether that’s to play online, download patches or for DRM, most games require a live connection to the internet to get the most out of them.
The type and speed of the broadband you need depends on how you play. If you’re into online shooters like Call of Duty or Fortnite, speed is everything. If you play single player titles from storefronts like Ubisoft or Steam, speed is less important than reliability.
We teamed up with Broadband Genie to take a deeper dive into broadband for gamers to better understand the unique requirements of gaming.
Why broadband matters for gaming
There are several reasons why a fast, reliable broadband connection is essential for gamers.
Most games are now digital-only – Boxed games are history. Most platforms now rely on digital downloads for all, or a significant part of new games. Call of Duty: Warzone for example was 54GB on PC and 49GB on Xbox, so a good broadband connection is essential if you don’t want to grow old waiting for a download!
Patches, fixes, DLCs and mods – Even when a game has been released, it isn’t finished. Patches, fixes, Downloadable Content (DLC) and game mods are all dependent on a good broadband connection.
Game streaming – If you use Twitch, YouTube, Caffeine, Owncast or one of the other streaming platforms, you need a fast, reliable broadband connection to play the game while also live streaming at the same time.
Online multiplayer – Arguably the most important element of gaming for some is multiplayer. Speed is essential for many online shooters and even MMOs. Ping kills online and the slower your broadband, the higher the ping. Whether you’re killed or kicked, slow broadband is an online game killer!
Cloud gaming – Cloud gaming platforms are the new way to play. Google Stadia, GeForce Now and others offer the chance to play new titles without having to buy them. Think Netflix for games and you won’t be far wrong. These services require a fast connection to avoid lag and to stream the entire game content from the cloud to your home.
Broadband for gaming – speeds and types of connection
Broadband comes in a couple of flavours depending on where you live.
ADSL – Older and slower connections that use phone lines. ADSL is usually only when fibre or cable isn’t available.
Fibre – Fibre can mean FTTC (Fibre to the Cabinet) or FTTP (Fibre to the Premises). Either way, fibre is usually the fastest option and provides a decent connection speed with low ping. Click here to learn more about fibre broadband.
Cable – Cable from Virgin Media is provided by coaxial cable to the home. It offers fast speeds (up to 1Gbps in some areas) and low ping but isn’t available everywhere.
4G/5G – Mobile broadband may be okay for certain types of gaming but it won’t work for everyone. It’s entirely dependent on signal strength and what type of game you play. Plus, most mobile broadband contracts have data caps and you could burn through your entire allocation in a single day!
Broadband speed requirements for gaming
When you’re gaming, faster is always better and that’s the same for your broadband. Not necessarily for connection speed, as this will often be limited by game servers or the service, but for low latency, or ping.
The lower the ping, the smaller the delay between your movement in-game and it being communicated to the game server. We have all been there when latency has been high and it seems to take an age for your avatar to dodge roll or move. That’s often down to latency.
A note on gaming broadband
Technically, there is no such thing as gaming broadband. It’s a marketing term for broadband packages designed to appeal to gamers. The packages may include inducements to benefit gamers but the broadband itself uses exactly the same network, connection and technology as standard broadband.
If you like the special features, gaming broadband may be a good idea. Just don’t be seduced by the marketing!
Do you need a gaming router?
You’ll see dozens of gaming routers advertised online. They are a bit like gaming broadband. Most of them are standard routers marketed specifically to appeal to gamers.
They use the same technology, have the same WiFi speeds, the same firmware and the same hardware as standard routers.
If you have a good router already, there is no need to buy a specific gaming router. If you have an older router or one from your ISP, you may benefit from a newer model.
New routers offer new firmware, faster hardware, compliance with new faster WiFi standards and perhaps better security but they aren’t always necessary if you already have a good one.
Gaming broadband troubleshooting tips
If you’re having issues with your broadband, here are a couple of simple fixes to common problems.
High ping or lag – Check who else in the house is using the internet and make sure they aren’t downloading while you’re gaming. Also, change game server (always choose servers closest to your location), shut down unnecessary processes on your device or reboot your router. All can fix high ping.
Connection dropping – A broadband connection that keeps dropping could be your console or computer, router or the internet connection. Start by rebooting your device and testing. Then reboot the router and finally, test your internet connection with your ISP.
Slow WiFi – WiFi isn’t great for gaming unless you’re using the latest 802.11ac or 802.11ax standard, but you can troubleshoot by testing your signal using a WiFi analyser app, moving closer to the router or using a signal booster. | <urn:uuid:e9e787e6-1971-42ef-96fc-ec0103e5aec6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://worldfinancialreview.com/broadband-for-gamers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571190.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810131127-20220810161127-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.919424 | 1,231 | 2.46875 | 2 |
A universal binary is, in Apple parlance, an executable file or application bundle that runs natively on either PowerPC or Intel-manufactured IA-32 or Intel 64-based Macintosh computers; it is an implementation of the concept more generally known as a fat binary.
With the release of Mac OS X Snow Leopard, and before that, since the move to 64-bit architectures in general, some software publishers such as Mozilla have used the term Universal to refer to a fat binary that includes tailored builds for both i386 (32-bit Intel) and x86_64 systems. The same mechanism that is used to select between the PowerPC or Intel builds of an application is also used to select between the 32-bit or 64-bit builds of either PowerPC or Intel architectures.
Apple, however, continues to require native compatibility with both PowerPC and Intel in order to grant third-party software publishers permission to use Apple's trademarks related to Universal binaries. At the same time, Apple does not specify whether or not such third-party software publishers must (or should) bundle separate builds for both the 32-bit and 64-bit variants of either architecture.
The universal binary format was introduced at the 2005 Apple Worldwide Developers Conference as a means to ease the transition from the existing PowerPC architecture to systems based on Intel processors, which began shipping in 2006. Universal binaries typically include both PowerPC and x86 versions of a compiled application. The operating system detects a universal binary by its header, and executes the appropriate section for the architecture in use. This allows the application to run natively on any supported architecture, with no negative performance impact beyond an increase in the storage space taken up by the larger binary.
Starting with Mac OS X Snow Leopard, only Intel-based Macs are supported, so software that specifically depends upon capabilities present only in OS X 10.6 or newer will only run on Intel-based Macs and therefore does not require Intel/PPC fat binaries. Additionally, starting with OS X Mountain Lion, only 64-bit Intel Macs are supported, so software that specifically depends on new features in OS X 10.8 or newer will only run on 64-bit processors and therefore does not require 32-bit/64-bit fat binaries. Presently, fat binaries would only be necessary for software that is designed to have backward compatibility with older versions of Mac OS X running on older hardware.
There are two general alternative solutions. The first is to simply provide two separate binaries, one compiled for the x86 architecture and one for the PowerPC architecture. However, this can be confusing to software users unfamiliar with the difference between the two, although the confusion can be remedied through improved documentation, or the use of hybrid CDs. The other alternative is to rely on emulation of one architecture by a system running the other architecture. This approach results in lower performance, and is generally regarded an interim solution to be used only until universal binaries or specifically compiled binaries are available (see Rosetta).
Universal binaries are larger than single-platform binaries, because multiple copies of the compiled code must be stored. However, because some non-executable resources are shared by the two architectures, the size of the resulting universal binary can be, and usually is, smaller than both binaries combined. They also do not require extra RAM because only one of those two copies is loaded for execution.
Apple previously used a similar technique during the transition from 68k processors to PowerPC in the mid-1990s. These dual-platform executables were called fat binaries, referring to their larger file size.
NeXTSTEP, another predecessor of Mac OS X, supported fat binaries so that one application bundle could be run on multiple architectures, including Motorola's m68k, Intel's x86, Sun Microsystems' SPARC and Hewlett-Packard's PA-RISC. The binary format underlying the universal binary, a Mach-O archive, is the same format used for the fat binary in NeXTSTEP.
Apple's Xcode 2.1 supports the creation of these files, a new feature in that release. A simple application developed with processor-independence in mind might require very few changes to compile as a universal binary, but a complex application designed to take advantage of architecture-specific features might require substantial modification. Applications originally built using other development tools might require additional modification. These reasons have been given for the delay between the introduction of Intel-based Macintosh computers and the availability of third-party applications in universal binary format. Apple's delivery of Intel-based computers several months ahead of their previously announced schedule is another factor in this gap.
Apple's Xcode 2.4 takes the concept of universal binaries even further, by allowing four-architecture binaries to be created (32- and 64-bit for both Intel and PowerPC), therefore allowing a single executable to take full advantage of the CPU capabilities of any Mac OS X machine.
Many software developers have provided universal binary updates for their products since the 2005 WWDC. As of December 2008, Apple's website now lists more than 7,500 Universal applications.
As of March 2008, many applications for Mac OS X have been ported to Universal binary, including QuarkXPress, Apple's own Final Cut Studio, Adobe Creative Suite, Microsoft Office 2008, and Shockwave Player beginning with version 11. Non-Universal 32-bit PowerPC programs will run on Intel Macs running Mac OS X 10.4, 10.5, and 10.6 (in most cases), but with non-optimal performance, since they must be translated on-the-fly by Rosetta; they will not run on Mac OS X 10.7 Lion and later as Rosetta is no longer part of the OS.
Identifying universal binaries
- Apple–Intel architecture
- Apple–Intel transition
- Fat binary
- Xslimmer, a commercial Mac OS X application that allows the user to slim down the fat universal binaries by removing the code for the platform that's not in use.
- "Firefox 4 for Mac OS X: Under the Hood | Boom Swagger Boom". Boomswaggerboom.wordpress.com. November 10, 2010. Retrieved October 18, 2013.
- "Mac OS X Universal Logo: Guidelines for Mac OS X Universal Logo Licenses" (PDF). Apple Inc. June 2007. Retrieved October 18, 2013.
- "Mac OS X: 64-bit kernel frequently asked questions". Apple Inc. October 4, 2012. Retrieved October 18, 2013.
- "Macintosh Products Guide: Universal Applications". Apple Computer. Retrieved December 22, 2008.
- "Adobe Ships Creative Suite 3". Adobe Systems. April 16, 2007. Retrieved October 18, 2013.
- stany (September 6, 2005). "Mac OS X: Trimming fat from Mach-O fat files". theconsultant.net. Retrieved October 18, 2013. | <urn:uuid:627d888a-c79e-48c9-9f95-4e5c1aee837a> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_application | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721174.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00283-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.913624 | 1,416 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Help with API GH & KH test
I just test the gh, it took 3 drops to turn green. I 'm not sure how to read this. Using the chart that came with the kit, does that makes my reading 3 dkh and 53.77 ppm gh? Then when i measure the kh, im using the same chart?
So when Im reading fish profile and it says this fish is best kept in 5 to 13 dH, is that the gh or the kh measure?
Each drop added is equal to 17.9ppm so yes 3 dKH is 53.7ppm.
GH is basically how many Calcium and Magnesium ions the water has dissolved in it, Hard water for example is high in Calcium and Magnesium.
Kh OR Calcium Hardness (Alkalinity) is how well your aquarium can maintains its pH level. Low kH tends to mean your water is acidic, where as high is soft.
Yes you use the same chart but it is what the result means which is important.
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A mathematical tool used by the Metropolitan Police and FBI has been adapted by researchers at Queen Mary University of London to help control outbreaks of malaria, and has the potential to target other infectious diseases.
In cases of serial crime such as murder or rape, police typically have too many suspects to consider, for example, the Yorkshire Ripper investigation in the UK generated a total of 268,000 names. To help prioritise these investigations, police forces around the world use a technique called geographic profiling, which uses the spatial locations of the crimes to make inferences about the criminal's likely anchor point – usually a home or workplace.
Writing in the journal Methods in Ecology and Evolution, the team has shown how the maths that underpins geographic profiling can be adapted to target the control of infectious diseases, including malaria. Using data from an outbreak in Cairo, the scientists show how the new model could use the addresses of patients with malaria to locate the breeding sites of the mosquitoes that transmit the disease.
"The experts working in the field had to search almost 300 square km to find seven breeding sites, but our model found the same sites after searching just two thirds of this area," said Dr Steve Le Comber, a senior lecturer at QMUL's School of Biological and Chemical Sciences.
"In fact our model found five of the seven sites after searching just 10.7 square km. This is potentially important since there is a lot of evidence suggesting that the best way to control outbreaks of malaria is to attack the mosquito breeding sites – but it is incredibly difficult to do in practice."
The mathematical approach takes just minutes on a computer, meaning that the method could be used in the early stages of epidemics, when control efforts are most likely to be effective – potentially stopping outbreaks before they spread.
Dr Le Comber added: "The model has potential to identify the source of other infectious diseases as well, and we're now working with public health bodies to develop it further for use with TB, cholera and Legionnaires' disease."
Explore further: CSI Infection: Method used in hunt for serial killers turns to killer diseases
Verity, R., Stevenson, M. D., Rossmo, D. K., Nichols, R. A., Le Comber, S. C. (2014), "Spatial targeting of infectious disease control: identifying multiple, unknown sources." Methods in Ecology and Evolution. DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.12190 | <urn:uuid:2d8920d3-3474-4af1-b7da-c77c6d50382a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://medicalxpress.com/news/2014-05-criminal-profiling-technique-killer-diseases.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00514-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935139 | 499 | 3.375 | 3 |
The Museo Nacional is exhibiting creatures that lived in Costa Rica up until about 11,500 years ago.
These are the giant megafauna that are now extinct.
The exhibit, Megafauna — fósiles de Costa Rica, opens Friday and will be available until April. The exhibit featured life-size illustrations of the creatures as well as fossils that have been turning up since the 1930s.
The Pleistocene in Costa Rica is not as well known as the more modern native cultures and the emblematic stone spheres of the southern Pacific coast.
Yet there were modern humans here perhaps as early as 40,000 years ago. Some scientists think they were here much, much earlier.
Some of the animals were up to five meters tall and weighed five tons. One of the best recreations of an extinct giant ground sloth greets visitors entering the Sloth Sanctuary on the southern Caribbean coast.
Much smaller relatives of the megatherium and Eremotherium still are munching away slowly in the Costa Rican trees.
A lot of scientists say they think that humans brought the large animals to extinction by hunting them. One of the creatures in the exhibit is the toxodon, a 3,000-pound mammal that looked like a rhinoceros.
Fossils of this animal have been found elsewhere associated with arrowheads.
The museum also is featuring the well-known mastodon, a relative of the elephant; the glyptodon, a relative of armadillos, and the mylodon, another type of ground sloth. | <urn:uuid:9db486cb-8d71-4564-bb36-b54a03aeb9a6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://amcostaricaarchives.com/2015/12/national-museum-featuring-creatures-of-the-ice-age/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00209-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970695 | 322 | 3.40625 | 3 |
Bega Valley Shire Council has resolved to prepare a planning proposal to facilitate rezoning land in Pambula and South Pambula for urban purposes.
Council’s manager of planning services, Keith Tull, said the current land supply for new housing in South Pambula and Pambula was limited due to the lack of vacant urban zoned land.
“During the exhibition of the draft Bega Valley Local Environmental Plan, Council received submissions on behalf of land owners in the South Pambula area to rezone land for urban purposes,” he said.
“In considering those submissions we identified the need to provide urban land for affordable housing in both the Pambula and South Pambula areas.
“A study to determine the potential to provide additional urban housing lots looked at the feasibility of providing water, sewer and road infrastructure, existing flora and fauna and riparian buffers as well as flood, bushfire and landscape constraints.”
Mr Tull said the study had identified three sites adjacent to Pambula and South Pambula as being suitable for affordable housing, and a design showing a possible lot layout of 61 lots on land east of South Pambula was produced.
“Council’s strategic planning staff have begun preparing the planning proposal and I expect that it will be forwarded to the Department of Planning and Environment in the next few weeks,” he said.
“If the identified land is rezoned, we estimate that there will be enough urban land available to supply urban development in the area for the next 20 years, based on current demand.” | <urn:uuid:d18cf427-dfd4-48e2-918c-f388e36477c4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.edenmagnet.com.au/story/2290849/council-to-prepare-pambula-rezoning-proposal/?src=rss | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00474-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956446 | 335 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Which Joe gave his name to ‘sloppy joes’? We look at five interesting sandwiches and their lexical origins.
A pilot who flies an aircraft to test its performance.
- ‘Allen was felt to be the test pilot with the most large four-engine experience.’
- ‘A World War II ace, he became a test pilot and was the first man to break the sound barrier.’
- ‘I later became a test pilot for the RAF and on leaving the service I started to teach art.’
- ‘Once the aeroplane is registered we'll get a test pilot in and, if everything is approved, we'll be able to fly it.’
- ‘Showing faith in the design, Northrop accompanied the test pilot on the plane's second flight so the pilot could show him a wobble that developed at certain speeds.’
- ‘He is an incredible value to the operations side of the house due to missions as both a test pilot and operational flyer.’
- ‘In 1939 he was assigned as a test pilot at Wright Field, Ohio.’
- ‘Afterward he flew planes transporting the Royal Family and then became a test pilot until his retirement in 1985.’
- ‘The team includes test and evaluation engineers, maintenance staff and a test pilot.’
- ‘In this account of life as a test pilot, fighter pilot, and combat commander, Ross tells his Air Force story with wit, candor, and refreshing irreverence.’
- ‘The ironic thing is that he was a test pilot in the Navy and had several close calls in aircraft, but always survived them.’
- ‘The trust works in conjunction with the Young Eagles, a worldwide organisation founded by Chuck Yeager, the American test pilot who broke the sound barrier in the 1950s.’
- ‘Sharma was a test pilot with the Indian Air Force when the Russians began to look among them for an astronaut to join a Russian space exploration.’
- ‘The test pilot found the aircraft remarkably stable and easy to control, and a pleasant surprise to all of us.’
- ‘After getting out of the Air Force he became a test pilot for North American and had lots of time in fighter aircraft.’
- ‘He is currently a test pilot with the Aircraft Research and Development Test Unit at RAAF Base Edinburgh in South Australia.’
- ‘I resolved early on that I would become an aeronautical engineer and test pilot and as I progressed through school I took courses that would lead to that goal.’
- ‘She got her pilot's license in 1948 and became an accomplished stunt flier and test pilot.’
- ‘The company knew that they had a winner from this first test flight but the cautious test pilot recommended certain changes - some of which were easy, some of which took time.’
- ‘Many of Papana's experiences as a test pilot were documented in Flying magazine.’
Are you looking for a word for a foolish person? We explore twelve interesting words to describe the dunderheads in your life.
Before you run for the hills, let’s run through a list of ‘run’ expressions that are running through our minds.
The definitions of ‘buddy’ and ‘bro’ in the OED have recently been revised. We explore their history and increase in popularity. | <urn:uuid:9489390d-8f96-425f-9115-25f5d928dc3e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/test_pilot | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719273.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00066-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979592 | 741 | 2.234375 | 2 |
The notion of a volunteer, who selflessly helps to spread information about collections in museums, was something almost unheard of in this country when it was introduced in the Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza. Aware of the importance of actively promoting its resources, the Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection Foundation, in a pioneering move under the patronage of Her Royal Highness Princess Pilar de Borbón, started a course to train a team of volunteers just 15 days after the Museum opened its doors.
volunteer made a tour for seniors
From 1994 it has been developing a range of socially aware activities, with the aim of attracting groups to the Museum who need additional support to share in the enjoyment of the cultural works on offer. The programme for people with special needs, organised from the beginning in collaboration with IMSERSO (with whom an agreement was signed in 1993), has been possible thanks to the magnificent work of the Foundation’s Voluntary Group. | <urn:uuid:a4502904-b301-46b1-ae7d-51eff2569ce1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.museothyssen.org/en/thyssen/voluntarios | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00163-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947949 | 197 | 1.820313 | 2 |
BEIRUT — With the U.S.-backed opposition mired in disputes, Syria's government on Friday proposed a limited cease-fire, a prisoner swap and measures to speed aid to civilians in a move that appeared aimed at ensuring it is an indispensable part of any effort to end the civil war.
The diplomatic initiative outlined in Moscow by Syrian Foreign Minister Walid Moallem and his Russian counterpart, Sergei Lavrov, came just five days before the start of United Nations-sponsored peace negotiations.
U.S. Secretary of State John F. Kerry expressed skepticism about the Russian-Syrian plan, lashing out at the "revisionism of the Syrian regime" and telling reporters in Washington, "Nobody is going to be fooled."
The U.S.-backed opposition, however, hasn't even been able to decide yet whether to attend the peace conference in Montreux, Switzerland. Senior leaders met Friday in Istanbul to decide who, if anyone, would represent President Bashar Assad's foes, but hours of behind-the-scenes debate produced no clear resolution.
Some commanders of rebel forces in Syria consider taking part in peace talks with Assad's government treasonous.
Under Moscow's guidance, the Syrian government seems determined to occupy the diplomatic terrain ceded by the fractious opposition and make Assad's continued presence essential to any peace deal that might emerge from the so-called Geneva II talks. Washington and the U.S.-backed opposition groups insist that the negotiations must result in the ouster of Assad and the end of his family's more than four-decade rule.
The Kremlin, a key backer of Assad, appears intent on pulling off the kind of diplomatic maneuver that last year helped avert U.S. airstrikes in exchange for Assad's decision to renounce his chemical weapons program.
This time, the Syrian government is putting forth exactly the confidence-building proposals — a limited cease-fire, a prisoner swap, increased humanitarian aid — that Kerry has been calling for in recent days.
In September, when Kerry suggested in an off-the-cuff comment that Syria could avert U.S. airstrikes by giving up its chemical stockpiles, Russia prodded Syria to do just that.
In the run-up to the talks in Switzerland, Russia and Syria are presenting the Assad government as an alternative to the turmoil and mayhem that has overtaken rebel-held areas. The two allies are clearly trying to appeal to Washington's fear that Syria has become a latter-day Afghanistan, a breeding ground for Islamic militants from across the globe and Al Qaeda suicide bombers in the heart of the Middle East.
"We want this upcoming conference to put an end to the bloodshed and ensure that Syria does not become a hotbed of terrorism," Lavrov said in Moscow at a news conference with Moallem.
Syrian officials are seeking to shift the focus of the peace talks from forming a post-Assad transitional government to combating the terrorist threat emanating from the country. The government has never explicitly endorsed the transitional governing blueprint and said in a letter to the U.N. this week that some aspects of the talks were in conflict with Syria's political and legal tenets.
U.S. officials, keen to assuage their allies in the Syrian opposition, are pushing to move the focus back to replacing Assad.
"He's been doing this for months, trying to make himself the protector of Syria against extremists," Kerry told reporters Friday in Washington, referring to Assad. "It will become clear that there is no political solution whatsoever if Assad is not discussing a transition and if he thinks he's going to be part of that future.... It's not going to happen."
The Obama administration's top diplomat even hinted that the United States could be contemplating additional punitive action in Syria should government negotiators block progress toward creating a transitional governing authority. Assad "will invite greater response in various ways from various people over a period of time," Kerry warned obliquely.
But the administration has tried hard not to get dragged too deeply into the war, and it was unclear what kind of steps it would be willing to take.
U.S. officials and their allies say Assad is responsible for the emerging terrorist threat, having ruthlessly repressed peaceful protests when unrest broke out almost three years ago. On Friday, Kerry alleged that Assad was funding "extremists" and was ceding territory to militants "to make them more of a problem so he can make the argument that he is somehow the protector against them."
Many Syrians, especially Christians and other minorities, have come to view Assad's government as a bulwark against militants whose views are counter to the tolerant brand of Islam long practiced in Syria. Assad accuses the United States and its allies of arming and funding militants in a "conspiracy" to break Syria's long-standing alliance with Iran and Hezbollah, the Lebanese-based political and paramilitary group.
The Syrian government says it will attend the Geneva talks. But it has insisted that Assad will not agree to resign, and might even consider running for reelection this year.
The prospect of face-to-face negotiations with the Syrian administration has put the U.S.-backed Syrian National Coalition, the major opposition political grouping, in a deep quandary. Many rebel commanders in Syria have denounced the talks as a sellout to Assad's government. The exile-based coalition, already assailed by many rebel forces as ineffective, will face additional criticism from rebel groups if it joins the talks.
On Friday, Moallem said his government was prepared to implement a cease-fire in the northern city of Aleppo, which has been divided between government and rebel forces for 18 months. In recent weeks, the city has also been the site of intense fighting between various Islamist rebel groups, including several Al Qaeda-linked factions. How a cease-fire would be achieved in the embattled city isn't clear, but Moallem spoke in Moscow of a "zero hour" in which hostilities could cease, presumably before the peace talks.
Previous efforts to impose large-scale cease-fires have failed during the war, which has killed more than 100,000 people. Some localized cease-fires have held, however, after negotiations between government and opposition representatives.
The Syrian government also said it was willing to step up efforts to bolster the delivery of humanitarian assistance, but it accused rebels of opening fire this week on an aid convoy destined for civilians trapped in the besieged district of Yarmouk, in the southern part of Damascus, the capital. The opposition blamed the government for the failure to provide aid to the thousands of residents there.
In addition, Moallem said Damascus was willing to exchange lists of detainees with the opposition for a possible prisoner swap. The opposition has demanded a release of all detainees.
The Syrian war has spread instability throughout the region, sent millions of refugees streaming across Syria's borders and created a humanitarian catastrophe in the strategically situated nation, which borders Israel, Iraq, Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan. Syria has also become a focus for Al Qaeda-linked terrorist factions. | <urn:uuid:7d233038-deb5-4f2a-9f41-45eb778f63ab> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.dailypress.com/la-fg-syria-talks-20140118-story.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721595.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00479-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966627 | 1,429 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Incorporating patchwork and quilt work into designs can be seen all over social media right now. Not only is it popular, but it has the ability to decrease leftover scraps otherwise thrown out from past designs. Patchwork is a composition of pieces of fabric in a variety of shapes, colors and sometimes fabric weights. Kind of like a hodgepodge. Patchwork is similar to quilting, but I feel like quilting is more calculated- less hodgepodge. But! I am not an expert at quilting, so feel free to share your insights in our comments below. You can read more about incorporating quilting techniques into designs in our Latest Design: Quilted Heart Bag.
Your feedback has been so positive on our Instagram when we shared our patchwork sweatshirts last year. It is now time to share with you our process for creating patchwork fabric, sewing with patchwork fabric, and tips to make it enjoyable! Read on to gain a better understanding of how we take a pile of scraps and turn them into in this case, a knit sweatshirt. You can incorporate patchwork fabric into your fabric pattern. Bonus for you is we made a Fast Forward Edition video going through the steps.
Creating patchwork fabric can be as easy or complex as you would like to make it. You could keep things simple with 2-3 colors and maintain the same dimensions for each patch cut out. You could get as complex as us, with up to 6 different colors and patch together a variety of cut out dimensions. In this section I will go over the steps you should take to create patchwork fabric for your next design!
Go through your fabric scraps to see which ones are suitable for the design you have in mind. It is important to have the pattern of your design close by to ensure you have enough fabric. Decide upon your color palette at this time. You can always remove a color if it doesn't feel right during layout. If you tend to hold on to your fabric scraps, it is best to keep a bin for wovens and a bin for knits.
With your paper patterns handy, mark out a box on your table approximately 4-6” larger than the current pattern piece you are about to lay the patchwork for. We recommend using draping tape, painters tape, or washi tape! Something you can easily remove.
Clean up all of your scrap edges to be straight and squared off. Using a quilting ruler and a rotary blade is the easiest way to achieve straight lines.
Working inside your marked box on the table, lay out possible patch formations. You can trim down large scraps to make more patches. Start thinking about where the corners or seams of the garment may hit on the patchwork fabric you are creating. It is best to avoid seams of the patchwork in these areas. It is not the end of the world, but when you can avoid bulk it is nice.
Stitch together each piece of fabric to create your patchwork fabric for each pattern piece. Be mindful to not set yourself up for any in-set corners.
Please note in our example, we are working with knit fabric and will overlock our seams with a ¼” seam allowance. If you are working with a woven fabric, you will need to accommodate for your desired seam allowance. Press seams as you go along if you are working with a woven.
Cut out each pattern piece. Our sweater has a front, back, and two sleeves. Be mindful of not placing patchwork seams on garment seams.
Mark all necessary notches. Now you are all ready to sew up your design!
For fun, we filmed the entire process of creating patchwork fabric for a knit sweatshirt, including stitching up the design. Check out our YouTube video for the full Fast Forward Edition.
Using what we have is a great way to be sustainable and slow down consumption rates of new materials. Our variety of patchwork sweatshirts were created entirely out of scrap fabric from Fabricana and Atex Designer Fabrics. This was by far our favorite way to recycle those scraps!
Designed, photographed, and written by Sheila Wong Studios. | <urn:uuid:ac4e8db8-ea8f-4d2d-8356-346ecb93873e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.swfds.com/sewing-blog/archives/05-2021 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.946711 | 900 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Navigatie is een combinatie van wetenschap en kunst. En voor wie daar meer over wilt weten schrijft Albert De Nijs, instructeur bij de De Zeezeilers van Marken wekelijks een rubriek met tips&trics van de Royal Yachting Association.
In previous articles we discussed some tools and methods to help us navigate. In this article we will focus on the foundation of navigation, the nautical chart.
Most of our modern charts still use the chart projection devised by Gerard Mercator in 1569. On paper charts it is easy to find the publication date, you can check whether the chart has been updated and you can even find the survey data. The source data on a single chart can range from 100+ year old lead-line surveys to shallow water multibeam surveys or even LIDAR data. The positions in the old data is less accurate, but it also gives spot measurements instead of mapping the whole seabed (IHO standards for hydrographic surveys). In areas frequented by commercial shipping the hydrographic data will be more up to date then in areas only used by pleasure boats.
Nowadays many sailors use a chart-plotter or similar device. This is basically a computer assisted navigation system capable of displaying electronic nautical charts and the vessel’s position in near real time. The used electronic charts are derived from paper charts, with their inherent inaccuracies. Finding information about source data is more complicated because this information is hidden in Menus of the electronic chart system (Chart plotter, iPad or Navigation computer).
There are two sorts of electronic charts, the raster chart and the vector chart.
In a raster chart, data is a digitized image of a chart comprised of millions of pixels. All data is in one layer and one format. The video display simply reproduces the picture from its digitized data file.
Most electronic chart systems nowadays use vector charts, partly because the file size is much smaller. Vector chart data is organized into many separate files or layers. It contains graphics files and programs to produce certain symbols, points, lines, and areas with associated colors, text, and other chart elements.
Depending on zoom-levels, details (layers) will disappear from view. This happened on Vestas Wind (Volvo Ocean Race, Nov 2014) when they ran aground on the Cargados Carajos Shoals about 240nm northeast of Mauritius. You definitely need to zoom out for overview and zoom in for details!
In the electronic chart system, the accuracy of the gps is combined with the electronic charts which are based on paper charts, and thus far less accurate.
Especially in environments like the WaddenZee with shifting sands and channels, chart information gets out-of-date quickly. The base-layer of the chart is ‘fixed’, and buoys are in a separate layer. When a hydrographic survey discovers that the channel has moved, Rijkswaterstaat (RWS) will reposition the buoys and inform everyone via a Notice to Mariners. The layer of the chart containing the buoys is updated, but not necessarily the base-layer. On an electronic chart system, it seems like you’re driving over the sand-plates, while you are actually in the fairway. The chart of Schuitengat (Terschelling) indicates a drying height of 1m, while the present depth is around 1.4m at LAT (source: Brandaris).
Albert de Nijs, Dutch Offshore Sailing Academy | <urn:uuid:eaa97302-5a29-4026-b07c-200a8444ab51> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://zeilhelden.nl/2020/11/rya-tips-4-the-nautical-chart/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.835753 | 756 | 2.890625 | 3 |
I think anything can be deep work as long as it matches the description (hard & valuable) on a personal level. Maybe we narrow the definition of deep work by thinking it has to be difficult writing or programming or other examples that are often given. I think deep work can be planting seedlings in your garden or cooking a new dish for your family. The point is that it will require your absolute focus and will leave you (and hopefully others -whether immediately or down the road after several sessions) feeling accomplished and fulfilled.
- Have you tried using a 20-30 minute hourglass?
- How can I focus on my studies longer 📚
- How do you organise or plan you work?
- How many times of deep work can done in one day?
- Does the distraction list help?
- How long should your deep work be?
- How do you say no politely
- How much time do they spend deep in work?
- What online resources do you recommend studying?
- How do stay focused while working, with out opening other tabs or your mind wandering? | <urn:uuid:67518700-581b-4f17-986a-1546b4e4ef71> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thefabulous.co/qa/if-you-dont-have-to-do-deep-work-what-do-you-take-as-deep-work/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.95223 | 232 | 1.585938 | 2 |
November 6, 2014
Why FSA May Want to Consider Changing the 3/31/2015 Crop Program Election Deadline
Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Development Economics
Ohio State University
farmdoc daily (4):215
Recommended citation format: Zulauf, C. "Why FSA May Want to Consider Changing the 3/31/2015 Crop Program Election Deadline." farmdoc daily (4):215, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, November 6, 2014.
The Farm Service Agency (FSA) has announced that sign up for the 2014 farm bill crop program election will occur between November 17, 2014 and March 31, 2015.
- Choices are (1) Agriculture Risk Coverage - County (ARC-CO), (2) Agriculture Risk Coverage - Individual (ARC-IC), and (3) Price Loss Coverage (PLC).
- The election covers the 2014 through 2018 crop years and is irrevocable after the election period closes (note that farmers must also enroll their farms annually).
Incentive to Wait to Make Crop Program Choice
Because the crop program decision covers the current 2014 crop year and involves a choice among 3 program options, delaying the election until late in the election period reduces the risk of electing a program with lower expected payments.
- The reason is that information could be revealed that alters 2014 crop year prices and yields, which in turn alters expected payments by a program option for the 2014 crop year.
- The same argument applies to the 2015 through 2018 crop years, although generally less information is being revealed about these crop years because they are further in the future.
On the election deadline of March 31, 2015, the National Agricultural Statistical Service (NASS) will release Prospective Plantings at noon Eastern time - its first estimate of the acres U.S. farmers intend to plant for the 2015 crop year (except for Winter Wheat Seedings scheduled for a January 12, 2015 release). While the private sector monitors and analyzes farmer planting intensions, Prospective Plantings is generally viewed as a more complete survey and thus usually becomes the market's benchmark for price determination. Hence, Prospective Plantings can influence market prices and thus expectations about potential program payments not just for 2015 but also for 2014 since current and future prices are interrelated. Thus, Prospective Plantings clearly is worth waiting for because it has the potential to influence expected program payments and hence program choice.
Given the preceding discussion, FSA may want to considering either (1) changing the final election date or (2) creating a process for producers who want to change their decision on March 31, 2015.
The date could be moved backward or forward. Tradeoffs exist from an information perspective.
- Moving back reduces the probability that southern winter wheat producers gain an information advantage from winter wheat breaking dormancy.
- Moving forward puts other program crops on a more equal information footing as winter wheat.
- FSA must also consider staffing and other institutional issues.
In summary, the net effect of changing the final sign up date for the 2014 farm bill crop program election could be to reduce the incentive to wait until the last day to make a decision and could be to create a more uniform information environment for FSA farm producers making the decision.
We request all readers, electronic media and others follow our citation guidelines when re-posting articles from farmdoc daily. Guidelines are available here.
The farmdoc daily website falls under University of Illinois copyright and intellectual property rights. For a detailed statement, please see the University of Illinois Copyright Information and Policies here. | <urn:uuid:5b9a25a6-7b6f-4913-a09d-c70518d63631> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://farmdocdaily.illinois.edu/2014/11/why-fsa-may-change-sign-up-deadline.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988717954.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183837-00509-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923841 | 733 | 1.773438 | 2 |
About the North Carolina History Project
During the past few decades, scholarship has minimized what most know to be true—that individuals can make a difference and that ideas matter. Meanwhile, the powers of abstract social and economic forces have been overemphasized and a presumption that government should perform societal functions has been fostered. In the process, many good things in North Carolina’s history—the creation of personal wealth, the benefits of private property, and the positive influence of religious and free market ideas, to name some examples—have been misunderstood. As a result, a vast resource of good ideas and exemplary personalities are forgotten, and possible solutions to current societal problems are overlooked.
To compensate for such cultural losses and fill a void in historical scholarship, the John Locke Foundation started the North Carolina History Project. The History Project’s purpose is not only to encourage a wide variety of historical questions and provide a forum for the free exchange of ideas but also to emphasize overlooked or forgotten historical themes. Such themes include entrepreneurship, private sector problem solving, the importance of individuals and ideas, and the positive role of free markets.
By providing free resources, the North Carolina History Project seeks to involve individuals and communities in the study of history. In particular, the History Project offers an evolving, comprehensive, and non-polemical encyclopedia of the Tar Heel state called northcarolinahistory.org. The site also contains a separate commentary section, where historians can offer explicit historical interpretations and engage in historical debate; an educator’s corner, where teachers can use lesson plans, primary sources, and worksheets; and a community calendar, where local historical museums, parks, and societies can post event announcements.
But that is not all. The North Carolina History Project hosts a lecture series and a book club, in which leading historians from all historical perspectives, including Wilfred M. McClay and Gordon S. Wood, present their latest research. North Carolinians can also read the History Project’s innovative scholarship in various publications and participate in upcoming historical tours. The North Carolina History Project staff is also available to deliver various lectures to civic, education, and religious groups.
NorthCarolinahistory.org is a product of the North Carolina History Project, a special project of the John Locke Foundation, a non-profit, non-partisan think tank in Raleigh, North Carolina.
Lectures and Publications
North Carolina History Project also provides a lecture series featuring some of the nation’s leading historians. On request, North Carolina History Project’s staff delivers lectures to civic, educational, and religious groups. The staff also writes for various academic journal and popular magazines and newspapers, including Carolina Journal, a monthly publication of the John Locke Foundation.
If you would like to learn more of the North Carolina History Project and its various programs, please contact us.
Thank you for visiting northcarolinahistory.org. We hope you enjoy the site. | <urn:uuid:9292632d-a2f9-47d2-a7e2-104c87033459> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://northcarolinahistory.org/about/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.907165 | 612 | 3.046875 | 3 |
588 BC Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon lay siege to
Jerusalem under Zedekiah's reign. The siege lasted until July 23, 586 BC
Emperor Galba was murdered in the streets of Rome. Otho (Marcus Salvius Otho
Caesar Augustus) seized power and proclaimed himself Emperor of Rome, but ruled
for only three months before he committed suicide.
1535 Henry VIII declared
himself head of English Church.
1559 Elizabeth I was crowned Queen of England
in Westminster Abbey, London by Owen Oglethorpe, Bishop of Carlisle.
British Museum opened in Montague House, London | <urn:uuid:e7f042db-66e5-4aec-a6e3-ef38700f8b2d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://maryannbernal.blogspot.com/2014/01/history-trivia-henry-viii-declares.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00319-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939261 | 136 | 2.5 | 2 |
Parents' leaving their kids in the backseat of cars during the sweltering days of summer has become an all-too-familiar scene in the United States.
Twenty-three children have died of hyperthermia in cars in 14 states this year and eight of the deaths occurred in the first week of August. Nearly 40 children die this way each year, according to Kids and Cars.
The latest death was Aug. 7 when, police say, Stephanie Gray, 38, forgot to drop off her five-month-old son, Joel, at a church day care in Murfreesboro, Tenn. Instead, Gray dropped off her 11-year-old at school and returned home, leaving Joel in the backseat of the minivan, according to ABC News affiliate KLTV.
When Gray arrived at day care around 2:30 p.m., she was told Joel was never dropped off, according to police. "She was informed that her son was not there," police representative Kris Mumford told KLTV. "She ran to her minivan, found her 5-month-old child inside the van and she carried her child into the day care. It's believed he died in the van from the heat."
Police said that no charges have been filed.
The temperature inside a car can increase 20 degrees in as little as 10 minutes, according to Safe Kids Worldwide. Children are especially at risk because they can't handle extreme heat the way adults can.
"Kids heat up three to five times faster than adults," said Kate Carr, president and CEO of Safe Kids Worldwide.
On Aug. 11, a 1-year-old boy and his 2-week old sister had to be rescued from a hot parked car while their mother was shopping in Cudahy, Calif.
"I'm in the parking lot, there's two babies in the back seat of a Honda Civic," a concerned passer-by told 911. "There's nobody around and we've been standing here for five minutes."
The mother, 18-year-old Arely Amaya, arrived a short time later and was arrested for child endangerment. Police estimated that the children had been in the car for about 25 minutes, according to ABC News affiliate KABC. The temperature outside was 92 degrees and police estimated that the inside of the car was 110 degrees.
"The toddler, the infant was crying and based on that we knew that the children had to be removed from the car," Los Angeles Sheriff's Deputy Pedro Mejia said.
The children were taken to a local hospital.
Jeanne Cosgrove, the Sunrise Children's Hospital coordinator for the Safe Kids Coalition in Las Vegas, adds that kids are also more likely to be left behind when there is a change in routine and the other parent has responsibility for the child. "They go about their normal day not realizing the baby is still in the back seat," she said.
That's what happened to Kenneth Robinson in June. He told police he got distracted and drove straight to work instead of dropping off his 2-year-old son at day care. The toddler was strapped in the backseat as the temperature hit 100 degrees in the car in London, Ky. One of Robinson's co-workers noticed the boy more than two hours later and made a frantic call to police.
The boy survived, but Robinson was arrested and faces a felony charge of wanton endangerment. Technology is available to parents to make sure they never leave a child behind. There's a free app called "Baby Reminder," which allows parents to set alerts that you're driving with your child.
Then, there are more basic reminders such as always looking around your car before locking the doors, or use memory triggers like keeping a teddy bear in the front seat when your child is in the backseat.
"This doesn't have any kind of a profile where you can say rich or poor, young or old, smart or stupid," Carr of Safe Kids Worldwide said. "This can happen to anyone." | <urn:uuid:3c1818f5-505e-49e6-aa44-473766ca8e0b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://abcnews.go.com/US/children-die-august-left-hot-cars/story?id=17024906 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00495-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.984868 | 825 | 1.625 | 2 |
There is a new website for the Mass. 54th, Company A
It came to the attention of members of the Hyde Park Historical Society (HPHS) that the gravesite of some of Hyde Park’s most historical figures, the Weld/Grimké family, needed cleaning and repair. Members of this family are interred on Evergreen Walk in Mount Hope Cemetery, Boston.
Theodore Dwight Weld (1805-1895), his wife Angelina Emily Grimké Weld (1805-1879), and her sister, Sarah Moore Grimké (1792-1873) moved to Hyde Park in 1864 and lived on Fairmount Hill.
The trio were early and ardent abolitionists and friends of William Lloyd Garrison, Lucy Stone, and Frederick Douglass. Together they wrote “American Slavery As It Is” in 1839, a comprehensive and exhaustive description of the state of slavery in the United States. Their book was used as the source material by Harriet Beecher Stowe for her book “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” which was influential in changing the tide of public opinion on slavery prior to the Civil War.
As a result of the sisters’ experience on the lecture circuit demanding freedom for enslaved people, they began to see the necessity of gaining equal rights for women and began to speak out. Angelina is known for being the first woman to address a state legislature in the US when in 1838 she spoke in the Massachusetts State House decrying slavery.
As prominent suffragists, in 1870 some 50 years before the nineteenth amendment granted women the right to vote, the Grimké sisters participated in a march and local election casting ballots in Hyde Park sending shock waves around the country. In 2019 the Hyde Park Dana Avenue bridge was dedicated to the sisters for their suffrage effort.
In the Summer of 2021, the Society began the process to have the grave site made fitting for these distinguished citizens. Kelly Thomas from the Historic Burying Grounds Initiative, Boston Parks and Recreation Department approved the project, and Kevin Duffy of Line and Stone Inc, Monument and Sculpture Service, Arlington MA, completed the work.
The Weld name on the front side of the upright gravestone faces Evergreen Walk and lists four family members, although eleven are interred in the family plot. The backside of the stone has information solely on Sarah Grimké. It is likely that her name originally faced the road, she being the first person in the family to die. Twenty-three years later the Weld name was added, and that side now faces the road.
Interestingly, Angelina Grimké Weld’s name is omitted on the family gravestone because she may have requested so. Theodore Weld followed her instructions and buried her in plain clothing with a simple graveside ceremony. The HPHS funded and installed a simple flat gravestone only to recognize Angelina, not to glorify her.
When the Hyde Park Branch Library opens for community meetings, lecture series hosted by the Hyde Park Historical Society will resume in Weld Hall.
If you would like to join or support the work of the HPHS you do so on this site. Questions comment to firstname.lastname@example.org.
*Evergreen Walk is .4 mile from the front gate. Follow Central Avenue which is to the left of the flag pole. Go up the hill and turn left on Grove Avenue ( .3 mile). Take the 1st right and the gravesite will be on on your right side up near the 3rd tree.
When he was growing up in Hyde Park, and when he pitched for the Boston Red Sox, Manny Delcarmen was known as “The Pride of Hyde Park.” After a successful career in Major League Baseball, he has continued to be involved in the community where he grew up.
Soon after Manny began his career at Fenway Park, Steve Buckley wrote a great profile on Manny for the Boston Herald. The Boston Park League website has the article.
“It was a scene from an earlier, simpler time, before the onslaught of cell phones, pagers and wide-screen, high-definition television. The Padres, a longtime entry in the Boston Park League, and in a scramble for the BPL’s two remaining playoff spots, had just emerged with a 6-3 victory over Cannon Club at Hyde Park’s Ross Field, but now the players, instead of celebrating their victory, were milling together in the parking lot, glued to their car radios, hanging on every word that barked from various speakers.
Incredible. People, standing together, focused, alert, listening to the radio. This is how folks heard of the attack on Pearl Harbor, the death of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the Kennedy assassinations.
But in 2005, when and why do people hunker over … a radio? For these guys, the answer was simple: Manny Delcarmen, a product of Hyde Park, whose family’s house is just a few blocks from Ross Field, was making his major league debut with the Boston Red Sox.
“We had heard he had been called up by the Red Sox,” said Brandon Cody, a Padres infielder and a 2004 graduate of Amherst College. “And late in our game, we heard he was warming up. Manny Delcarmen was warming up for the Red Sox! It was unbelievable.
“When our game ended, we all went to our cars and turned our radios on. When they said Manny’s coming in to pitch, the place just erupted.”
“Nobody could move,” said Nelfi Morales, a veteran Padres infielder. “It was, like, ‘Wow, that little kid is pitching for the Red Sox.’ It was just awesome.”
It’s not unusual for the Red Sox to reach into their minor league system and bring a fresh arm to the big leagues. In 1995, the last year the Red Sox finished in first place in the American League, then-general manager Dan Duquette paraded 26 different pitchers in and out of Fenway Park.
But the news that Manny Delcarmen had joined the Red Sox was different, in a shocking, numbing and breathtakingly exciting way.
Local role model
Manny Delcarmen is local. Born right here in Boston. He spent his early years in Jamaica Plain, and his teen years in Hyde Park. He is a graduate of West Roxbury High School. And while many Red Sox players would be lost if they ventured two blocks south of Newbury Street, Delcarmen has a weathered cab driver’s knowledge of the city. As recently as one week ago, when he was still pitching for Triple-A Pawtucket, Delcarmen showed up at Dorchester’s Casey Field to watch the Boston Park League’s Carlson Club, whose roster includes his young brother, Eddie, as well as a number of ex-teammates from his West Roxbury High days.
“He was sitting right over there,” said Carlson Club’s Jose Diaz, one of Delcarmen’s closest friends as well as his catcher at West Roxbury High. “He was showing up all the time when Pawtucket wasn’t playing. It wasn’t any big deal to him. He wanted to be with his friends.”
If he turns out to be a success with the Red Sox – and he worked a 1-2-3 inning of relief against the Tampa Bay Devil Rays in his debut on Tuesday – Delcarmen is going to have more friends than he thought imaginable. Once little more than a likeable kid from Hyde Park whose baseball talents caught the attention of the Red Sox, Delcarmen is now a symbol of pride in Boston’s many neighborhoods.
A son of Dominican-born parents, Delcarmen is a product of the city. Now, he is being looked upon as the prince of the city.
“Manny has realized his dream, but he’s also realizing all of our dreams,” said Victor Ortiz, a youth development specialist in Worcester who grew up in Dorchester. “I remember years ago, playing catch with this energetic little kid. Now you turn on the TV and he’s with the Red Sox.
“I think it’s still just sinking in with a lot of people.”
Ortiz, who has written about sports for local weekly newspapers, along with carving out a niche as a regular caller to sports radio WEEI – he’s perhaps better known as Victor “I Told You So” from Boston – isn’t so much interested in how Delcarmen’s success will help the Red Sox, but, rather, how it will help Boston’s kids.
“If Manny makes it with the Red Sox,” Ortiz said, “just think of all the 12-year-old kids who are going to want to be like him.”
Pressure at home
The Red Sox have had their share of Massachusetts natives over the years, most recently Framingham’s Lou Merloni. In 1964, Tony Conigliaro, raised in Revere and Swampscott and a graduate of St. Mary’s High in Lynn, famously debuted for the Sox, hitting a home run the first time he stepped to the plate at Fenway Park. By the time he was 22 years old, he had already hit 100 career home runs.
But the postcard-perfect story – local boy makes good with Red Sox – came with a price.
“You know how it is in Boston,” said Billy Conigliaro, Tony’s younger brother, who himself debuted with the Sox in 1969. “It can be a tough town to play in, and I believe even tougher when you’re from here. The first time I ever played at Fenway, I looked up and saw my high school coach in the stands. It puts a little pressure on you, because you don’t want to fail in front of the people who care about you.
“Tony got picked off second (base) in this one game, and then I got picked off first,” Conigliaro said. “The next day, there was this headline that said the Conigliaros should take a course in family baserunning. I didn’t blame the paper. They’re just bringing color to their coverage. But you get a little embarrassed, because your friends are reading that stuff.”
Does Conigliaro have any advice for Delcarmen?
“Yeah, don’t hang around with Manny Ramirez,” said Conigliaro. “And I mean that. Hang around with the wrong guys, guys who don’t care, and you develop bad habits. Also, pace yourself. People would talk about Tony’s nightlife and all that, but, believe me, he got his sleep. And he took excellent care of himself.”
Rather than being a burden, Delcarmen’s friends seem more like a support system. Note that seeks out, that he still shows up at Casey Field and other Boston Park League venues, where he excelled while pitching briefly for BPL entry Mass. Envelope in 2000, before signing with the Red Sox as a second-round draft pick.
“I’ve known him all my life, and when we were kids we always said we were going to play for the Red Sox some day,” said Diaz, who was with Delcarmen the night he was called up. “People are going to say, ‘Oh, he’ll change now. He’ll want to have fun.’ Well, Manny’s always had fun. I bet he’ll be the same guy he’s always been.”
It helps that Delcarmen grew up in a baseball environment. His father, Manual “Cookie” Delcarmen, played some minor league baseball back in the day, and later, starred for a local softball juggernaut called the Red Hats.
“Manny was taught by his father to respect baseball,” said Jose Diaz Sr., one of Cookie Delcarmen’s oldest friends as well as a former teammate on the Red Hats. “Manny has always lived to play baseball, so the mound is his home. He’ll be comfortable there, even if it’s Fenway Park with all those people watching.
“I talked to him on the phone when he got called up. I told him, ‘You’ll be so nervous you’ll have diarrhea.’ That’s our little joke. And he may have been a little nervous that first time on the mound, but that will go away.”
The scouting report
Five years ago, Dorian Rojas was standing at shortstop at West Roxbury High as the game was about to begin, Manny Delcarmen on the mound. As Delcarmen kicked into his delivery, a platoon of scouts behind the backstop directed their radar guns at the young pitcher.
“We had seen scouts before,” said Rojas, who now plays at Cumberland University in Lebanon, Tenn. “But this was different. The scouts were everywhere, and I almost jumped out of my shoes. But it didn’t bother Manny. That’s why I think he’ll be a success with the Red Sox.”
As Rojas spoke, Carlson Club’s game against the Padres had just been postponed because two of the light towers at Casey Field were not working. Rojas and his teammates began collecting their gear to return home, but there was a universal belief at Casey Field on this night: Now that Manny Delcarmen has emerged from Boston’s neighborhoods to play for the Red Sox, perhaps the city will do a better job taking care of its athletic facilities.
“You don’t realize how easy it is for these kids to just give up and stop playing,” said Josue Feliciano, a player-coach on Carlson Club. “For a lot of kids, if you’re not playing baseball, you’re on the streets.”
Ed Neal, who coaches the Padres, and is also head coach at Roxbury Community College, put it this way: “Everyone’s going to want to be the next Manny Delcarmen. The best way to make that happen is to have better ballparks.”
Copyright © 2005 Boston Herald, all rights reserved. Written by Steve Buckley, and reposted with his permission.”
In 2019, The Friends of the Hyde Park Library received Community Preservation Funds (CPA) from the city of Boston to transform an unused section of the library’s lawn into an historic garden incorporating artifacts of local significance. HPHG-brochure
For many years library patrons had asked about the two figures and the Corrigan stone lying in the mulch on the Everett Street side of the library.
Most thought the objects to be gravestones. In fact, they are figures of Mercury, the god of transportation and commerce, from the demolished railroad station. The figures were donated to the library by Edward Gonski who in 1974 saved them after demolition. EdRemembers
The Hyde Park Historical Society (HPHS) wasn’t sure if the figures were worth saving, so they put the question to Jonathan L. Fairbanks, the Curator of the American Decorative Arts and Sculpture Department at the Museum of Fine Arts Boston. His response was ‘Yes’. MFALetter_ 1976
The figures were removed in 2019 by Daedalus Inc., monuments, sculptures and fine arts conservators from Watertown, MA. This firm previously repaired, cleaned and remounted the Civil War monument in Fairview Cemetery.
Brief History of the 1914 Station
After years of negotiation, design change, economic worries and the town’s annexation to Boston, the New York New Haven & Hartford Railroad Company (NYNH&H) Hyde Park station opened on April 15,1914. HP Businessmen -1912 , Contractor- 1912 HPGT- 4-15-1914 station opened
The entrance and ticket office was on Business Street and the main waiting area extended over the tracks so approaching trains could be seen from bother directions. There was a smaller waiting room on the inbound side.
All 1915-1916 photographs in this article are from the Archives & Special Collection, University of Connecticut Library.
We’re unable to confirm the station’s architect even with assistance from New England railroad historian Robert Belletzkie and from the NYNH&H archivist at the University of Connecticut. The belief is that it is a redesign, by a railroad company engineer, of a Cass Gilbert station. 1911GilbertMention. Anthony Sammarco and an expert at the Cass Gilbert Society concurred. Note the similarity of the HP station with Gilbert’s 1908 Westchester Avenue station in the Bronx, New York.
Railroad services declined in the twentieth century with the expanded use of airplanes, trucking routes and cars. Railroad companies reduced their losses by discontinuing routes and by doing minimal maintenance. Vandalism at the station increased. At one time the HP station was considered the pinnacle of elegance and functionality, only to be abandoned and became an eyesore.
Since 1973, the Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority owned the commuter station area. The depot was demolished on July 9,1974. HPTribune7_11_1974
The only remaining structures are iron posts at the top of the stairways on River Street.
Hyde Park’s Clearly Square Station 2019
Mercury at the Hyde Park Library- 2020
The Corrigan Stone
In 2006, this piece of granite was donated to the Hyde Park Historical Society by Virginia Foley who was given to hold for safekeeping by Atty William Slattery, Sr. Both attended St. Catherine’s School where the Corrigan stone was part of the foundation.
In 1895, a satellite school for the Most Precious Blood Parish was built on the corner of Washington Street and Foster Street which in 1930 became ChittickRd- 1930.
The school, taught by the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth, had four rooms, and five or six grades. Most students transferred to the central school on Maple Street and graduated after the eighth grade. In 1921, after the retirement of Mother Catherine Spaulding, the name of the school in Corriganville was renamed, St. Catherine’s.
Read more about the 1981 centennial celebrations for Most Precious Blood Parish (MPB), and for the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth in material in the local history room at the HP library.
In 1954 the school was transferred to the St. Pius X parish in Milton. The archivist at the Archdiocese of Boston was helpful with the next piece of the puzzle. A memorandum from June 10, 1966 states “ the old school will be torn down ….and the land which consists of approximately 33,000 square feet will be sold.” The demolition was completed on Sept 16, 1966 by Duane & Company, and all salvage material became their property. The land was sold to Stephen J. Joyce of Milton who planned to build 5 homes on the property. Atty Slattery likely took the Corrigan stone from the demolition site.
There was another satellite school in Readville that transferred to St. Anne’s Parish in 1921.
Thomas Corrigan (1845-1902) and his brother John (1836-1891) came to Hyde Park from Ireland in the late 1860’s. It is recorded in the 1st HP Annual Report that John’s resident tax for 1868 was $5.20. They worked as laborers and prospered which each owning a contracting /masonry business.
Thomas Corrigan built hundreds of foundations in the area. His measurements and calculations for the masonry jobs were included in estate material given to the HP Historical Society.
Thomas Corrigan owned property in many sections of HP.
The neighborhood east of Water Street, now Truman Highway from about Dana Ave to Walcott Road was nicknamed Corriganville .
His obituary mentioned that he loved the United States and this area. He represented this feeling on the foundation stone, with a folk art image of a flag and a maple tree. Thomas Corrigan is buried in Mount Calvary cemetery, and John’s family is buried at Fairview Cemetery.
Thomas’s nephew, Thomas H. Corrigan (1867-1923) also a contracting mason, kept up the family tradition of supporting the church and there’s a small plaque near the church steps with his name.
If other outdoor artifacts of significance to Hyde Park are brought to the Historical Society’s attention, they will be considered for placement in the library’s historic garden. In time, native plants will also be added.
Learn about some of the people buried in Fairview Cemetery by downloading this self guided tour.
Seaman W. Hughson Royal Naval Reserves. Born in Scotland. Died of the Spanish Flu aboard ship in 1918. Listed in the Commonwealth (countries) War Graves Commission.
Rebecca Crumpler (1831-1895) The 1st Black woman physician in the U.S. In 1884 wrote A Book of Medical Discourses in Two Parts.
Arthur Crumpler (1835-1910) Escaped from slavery in Virginia. Perpetual student, church activist and HP landowner since 1870.
Adolph Robert Kraus (1850-1901) German American sculptor known for the Boston Massacre Memorial on the Boston Common and monuments (Randidge, Wirth, Heinzen) in Forest Hills Cemetery.
Emma Thomas Bond (1846-1926) Enslaved in VA. Moved North in 1870. Matriarch of Homelands and Waterways: The American Journey of the Bond Family 1846-1926 by Adele Logan Alexander (1999).
USS Maine Memorial This plaque was made from metal salvaged from the ship that was destroyed in Havana Harbor on 2/15/1898, shortly before the start of Spanish-American War.
Joseph King Knight (1849-1927) President MA Dental Assoc. Major role on the building committees for the Congregational Church (1910), the Civil War monument (1911) and the HP railroad station (1914).
John Robert Bond (1846-1905) Biracial teenager from Liverpool, enlisted in the Union Navy. Active in HP and the veteran’s community. His family were friends with the Crumplers and the Trotters.
Civil War Monument (1911) MH Mosman’s walking figure is quite different from the usual uniformed, solemn standing soldier.
Amos Brainard (1824-1905) Brainard Milling Machine Co. Owner of many manufacturing patents. The 1st president of the HPHS.
John Joseph Enneking (1841-1916) Born in Ohio, wounded in the Civil War (Union). Studied fine art painting in Boston and alongside Monet and Renoir in France. Described as the first successful American Impressionist painter. Known for his New England landscapes and richly painted atmospheric sunsets.
Charles F. Jenney (1835-1900) Lawyer, judge, HP library trustee and Founder of the HP Historical Society.
David Higgins (1828-1897) Born in PEI, Canada. Served with the 6th Mass. Inf. Reg. Built many of the first homes on Fairmount Hill. His parlor on Fairmount Avenue was the 1st neighborhood classroom.
Thomas M. Menino (1942-2014) Five Term Mayor of Boston from 1993 to 2014. A lifelong resident of HP and known as the People’s Mayor and Urban Mechanic. Author of Mayor for a New America.
Gertrude S. Galloupe (1897-1984) Born in Sweden. US Navy Reserve Yeoman(F) at the Boston Navy Yard during WWI.
Flora D. Holtham (1885-1918) Died on the SS City of Athens struck by a French cruiser in dense fog on route from NY to Savannah. O Olive Gertrude Homans (1879-1899) Child actress lived on Gordon Avenue in HP. Best known for her role as Little Lord Fauntleroy.
William Henry Barritt (1848-1920) Portrait photographer and documenter of HP’s history. Photographs on HPHS website.
James Monroe Trotter (1842-1892) Born enslaved, grew up in freedom. Officer in 55th Mass. Inf. Reg. Teacher, postal worker, music historian and HP landowner. In 1887 was appointed Recorder of Deeds for Washington DC, by President Grover Cleveland.
William Monroe Trotter (1872-1934) Grew up in HP. At Harvard he was the 1st Black to receive Phi Beta Kappa honors. Co-founder/editor of the Boston Guardian. An activist for equality and social justice.
Geraldine Pindell Trotter (1872-1918) Born into Boston’s Black upper class. A civil rights activist, editor, and philanthropist.
Brigadier General Henry Beebee Carrington (1824-1912). Helped organize the Republican Party in 1854. Union officer in the Civil War. Commander of the Mountain District during Red Cloud’s War. He was a lawyer, professor, and the author of Washington the Soldier and Battle Maps and Charts of the American Revolution.
If you visit this Spring you will see daffodils at most of these graves and at a few others. This is the 1st year we’d planted bulbs, donated by the City of Boston, to brighten up and beautify the city. Hopefully the bulbs survived the winter and the squirrels.
On the morning of Saturday, November 16, 2019, the Grimke Sisters Bridge dedication ceremony was held. The speakers were introduced by Tania Del Rio, executive director of women’s advancement in Mayor Walsh’s administration:
Mayor Marty Walsh (3min 40s)
City Councillor Tim McCarthy (10min)
Barbra Lee, Founder and President, Barbara Lee Family Foundation (14min 10sec)
Catherine Allgor, President, Massachusetts Historical Society (19min 55sec)
Elisa Birdseye, Curator, Hyde Park Historical Society (26min 25sec)
The full video of the ceremony is below.
On Saturday, November 16th, Boston mayor Marty Walsh will dedicate the rebuilt Dana Ave bridge as the Grimke Sisters bridge – https://www.boston.gov/calendar/grimke-sisters-bridge-dedication.
The Society would like to thank its curator, Elisa Birdseye, for her efforts to promote the renaming of the bridge, including the following letter she wrote for the Society.
And thanks to Michelle Jenney, president of the Boston Women’s Heritage Trail, for the supporting letter.
Barbara Baxter was a curator and long time member of the Hyde Park Historical Society. She was engaged with just about all of the civic organizations in Hyde Park. Barbara worked hard to preserve the neighborhood atmosphere of the community and she single-handedly kept alive institutions which would have faded away without her involvement.
Barbara was a likeable soul who is sorely missed. Her friends and acquaintances will gather at the new Barbara Baxter Memorial Garden near the Martini Shell on Truman Highway at 2 PM on May 4th, for a dedication ceremony.
By Tom Sullivan | <urn:uuid:e0b5f52f-4621-4f5b-8fbe-4b74086c686c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hydeparkhistoricalsociety.org/news/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.964038 | 5,914 | 2.578125 | 3 |
For the last hundred years or more the average person went to work for a given number of hours and then went home to his family. He was paid for his efforts and used that money to provide food and shelter. The number of hours demanded for a day’s work has varied over the years but the idea of working for someone else has remained a constant. We tend to think that this is a normal kind of thing. But for many in history that was really not the case.
The ancient ruins here at Mesa Verde got me to thinking about this. Native Americans for the most part don’t buy into the 9 til 5 mentality now nor have they ever. At first, 500AD, the native Americans around here were hunter/gatherers. They have unearthed numbers pit houses where they lived. They later, 1200AD, became cliff dwellers and usual grew crops above their homes. How they managed to live in such arid conditions is still beyond me. There are no major sources of water in the area so even gathering water had to have been a chore for them. It is reported they they dammed up gullies to gather the water from the melting snow and also got some water through cracks in the sandstone walls. About 1300AD they simply left and went south. A severe drought is postulated as being the cause.
We will be eating dinner tonight at the Metate Room here at the lodge. It has a world famous chef with world famous prices so we reserved only one night for enjoying the cuisine there. Tomorrow will be our last day here and then it is on to Monument Valley in Utah and then back to Denver. From there who knows? I will give you a synopsis post about our stay here at Mesa Verde. Most of it has been good, maybe even great, but there is room for improvements that I will also mention.
Here are the pictures for today:
Here is a picture of the Cliff Palace. It is probably the best known one here. I plan on going back there during the late afternoon hour to get some more pictures when the sun is giving its best performance.
Here is a picture of me and my new Chevy Sonic. She has been doing very well for us on this trip. Even though she is a sub-compact she still has more than enough room for even my wife’s things. Of course we brought twice as much as we actually needed 🙂 | <urn:uuid:531920cf-099f-4ad2-8e57-2811356db7b6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://rjscorner.net/2012/07/19/on-the_road-day-7-working-9-til-5/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00037-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.98687 | 493 | 2.171875 | 2 |
A certain trickster spirit has stirred the story and now a cause of concern. A dream catcher souvenir of a special kind has already aroused much suspicion and so far certain clues have been left behind, but what does a trickster spirit have to do with it all? This riveting third chapter of our short story series will immerse you in a world of urban fantasy and magical ancient myths.
A dial tone appeared. The line connected.
“Chief Junior, the boy is lost, it is too powerful for him”
A gruff and throaty voice on the other end responded:
“Asibi Minda, does he know it will not cause harm?”
“He is percipient, I spoke the side of the truth he needs. His scholarly influences will take him to answers”
“Rest assured that the asabikeshiinh can never become one lost of control”
“Our hands craft nothing less and far from what you say, but something happened.”
“Asibi Minda, I need you to follow these instructions. Listen closely.”
The evening couldn’t get any more strangely enlightening for young Evan Reyes.
He consumed a deep breath and slid his body lower down the seat, after exploiting his reading capacity on a key book he found in his local library, where he was now located.
This was none other than Tehama county library, which was a worthwhile drive away from his domicile and the place where, for a whole 3 hours straight, submerged him in a sea of printed letters. The study quarter was quiet and the boy had the whole communal desk to himself, since it was a Saturday evening.
It was the perfect day to let the engine of curiosity roar, within a domain that he was hardly acquainted with. The native american culture was in no way one single society one could point at and define easily. The more he knew about it, the more he realised how diverse it all was. “Native American” was nothing else but an umbrella term, seeing as there were a multitude of contrasting tribes and folklore plus interpretations plenty, making the duty of a researcher harder than it looked.
Nevertheless, the work was simplified thanks to Evan’s cross hairs landing on the book titled “Revelations: collections of data and interviews in and around the native american civilisations” by Dr Simon Blaith.
A 1198 page book couldn’t have looked any more appealing. As he was leafing through, he picked up some background information on the history but what really mattered was that he honed in on the keywords which he came across while listening to the interview he had conducted on his classmate Alice Hansen. Evan had only done some preliminary reading but it was time to take notes straight from the source: relistening to the whole interview clip from start to finish and pausing when needed.
Laptop charged, check, headphones plugged, check, notebook and pen, check. And with his second deep breath of the day, Evan proceeded to reproduce once again the track on the media player.
The moment of recall
First to appear in the audio clip was a static sound and then a blurry soundscape that focused more a little at a time until it sounded fully unclouded. Evan associated this to the initial messing around with his microphone settings. He remembered the one-to-one interview had taken place in the audiovisual room during recess. He had taken advantage of the only empty and irresponsibly unlocked class in his high school, so it was, in a way, a clandestine meeting.
The first human sound that was heard was Evan clearing his throat before he commenced speaking.
“Recording on. 7th of September, 2017, RB high. Interview with Alice Hansen. Uhh Alice, thanks for being able to uhh, share this story. I want you to know that…I believe every word you say and that your story is important. This will only be recorded for research purposes…”
An awkward silence followed, as typical as would be for two teens equally matched in awkwardness that could only be Evan and Alice.
“Now, uhh could you repeat the story again and this time, with all the details you can include. Try and remember everything.”
Alice’s voice was a soft stream, a feather stroke, quite juvenile for a 16 year old.
“Sure, do I speak on this mic?”
If memory served Evan well, at this moment Alice had taken her precious time to recall, with her facial expression deepening as every second went by.
“The group trip. Yeah, Herrera camping last month.” Alice at last replied.
“Who went with you on this trip?”
“My parents, my two aunts, my friends Phoebe and Ariana, Phoebe’s mom and Ariana’s parents, we were all tight.”
“How long was this holiday Alice?”
“We spent like 5 days covering a weekend.”
“Could you please elaborate about what happened now?”
“Sure. I remember that…the first three days were just an absolute bore. Just the same cycle, the same day repeated three times in a row. Like, I couldn’t handle so much middle-aged camaraderie. Being underaged and a bit left out, I needed to get away and just…drink too, you know. I wanted to stop pretending to be the sober kid who needs to be distracted in between it all and so did Phoebe and Ariana. We were all like “hell yeah” and this was our way of silently protesting.”
Evan could sense an anxious edge building up in her voice, clearly she was as troubled as it was described on the report file. It was evident that she was dragging out the unimportant lead-up to delay the upsetting part. Her story continued:
“So next thing, we sneak about two bottles of Malibu into the satchel, something decent we could share between us three. We left the gang behind and ran for the hills, they were all too merry to care anyways. It was like the perfect getaway inside a getaway.”
“Tell me about the walking part”
“Oh, yeah. Thankfully for us, there were tiny foot trails that we could follow and our phones did the work of lighting up the way, otherwise the whole land was just pitch dark. There was a certain thrill about getting intoxicated in unknown lands and so we walked aimlessly in the direction that the foot trails were taking us, possibly towards mount Shasta, who knows.”
In the background, Evan took note of the “Mount Shasta” allusion and vigorously underlined it, evoking the memory of Minda’s words about the dream catcher’s origin.
“How long did you guys walk for?” A curious Evan had asked
“It must have been twenty straight minutes until we stopped for a break and then carried on. Oh yeah, every two hundred metres or so we kept finding weird stick formations and the shadow they formed behind the flashlight was really unnerving. In the sense that the shape of shadow was intentional.”
Evan then marked down “stick formations”
Alice continued after her usual nervous pauses. “After maybe fifteen more minutes of walking we then heard a certain drum in the distance and like a human humming sound and in our drunken state we got excited about it because we thought “oh another campfire party, maybe with people our age this time, let’s check it out”.
She had taped her mouth shut for a longer period of time here. It was like a self-controlled censorship.
“Please do continue Alice” Evan had interrupted the silence.
At that point Alice had let out a heavy sigh in an attempt to regain composure.
“Sure, the next part…” She had exhaled in a shrill voice this time. “Then there were lights, which turned out to be lanterns. And then more stick formations and it all came together when we arrived at the actual place where the drumming was, it was another campfire, but really secluded. Phoebe was the one who was more excited to find out more about it, so she lead the way.”
“The closer we got, the better I could tell what was happening, but the people…”
“The people what?”
“Well… I had never seen such kind of people before…”
“What do you mean?”
“They were built differently, but they were like a tribe. It must have been isolated for years.”
“Could you describe them?”
“I want to say they were natives but I thought none of them were left in this area, at least tribes like these. They all wore skirts and had objects hanging from their ears and noses.”
“What were they doing?”
“A haywire stampede of like twenty men and two women. Some were marching, others were in some sort of dancing trance. I really couldn’t tell you exactly but Phoebe was sure it was a ghost dance or whatever, something she saw in a movie”
“A ghost dance, I see. Did you get a closer look?”
This time, Alice’s breathing sounded laboured.
“It was Phoebe’s fault. The point of no return. If I could, I would instantly wipe that moment in history and rewind. We made absolutely no noise because we were just watching from far, though somehow the tribemen must have noticed us since they all stopped in their tracks and turned their heads towards us. A very drunk Phoebe burst out laughing when that happened while Ariana and I freaked out.”
“I literally thought I was going to die, I think they saw Phoebe’s overt reaction as an insult or a war declaration, I swear they looked ready to attack from the distance with some bow and arrows but then one of the two females, who was wearing a giant wooden mask began to yell in a weird melodic way while knocking on a drum to an even beat. So bizarre. That was when they all dropped their weapons. I had no idea what she saw in us that saved our asses.”
At that part, Alice sounded panicky.
“Do you need a minute… a glass of water?”
“No! I’m fine, I’m fine” It sounded like she was wiping away a sob.
“When you’re ready, do continue”
“She approached us and sat the three of us down to join the circle around the fire and I was jittery. All I remember was that she sang verses in her language for a while and a word kept repeating itself, the word “Shasta” or “Xasta”, which was the only thing that made sense since we were close to the mount Shasta” What sounded like a sob followed immediately.
“Shasta?” Evan had asked.
A loud squeal happened which transitioned into a sob. It sounded like it echoed too.
“I don’t know for how much longer this went but I was too blitzed and physically tired to even know. I was about to throw up, I knew it, and I think the masked woman noticed. Everybody went back to their weird dance while the female served us a drink each. I accepted it thinking it was a tribal cocktail drink or something to sober us down, anything to get the taste of Malibu away. Everything started spinning and before it got any more intense I swear I heard the woman whisper in English to us.”
“What did she say?”
“I keep asking myself what it exactly was but I think it was something like: whatever you do, avoid the gaze of the trickster spirit. Yeah, something about a trickster spirit is all I know“
And just like that, there was a sound reason to reach for the pause button.
The trickster spirit
Evan realised that he had seen the term appear on the first page. Returning to the index of Dr. Blaith’s book, he dug through and detected the subheading “Discovering the trickster spirit -page 344″
On the corresponding page, the density of content was enough to make an intellectual rub their hands in anticipation. Smothered with impatience, Evan skim read through the facts written about this trickster spirit, which was apparently quite a relevant entity in some cultures, but mostly the Lakotan. He zeroed in on one particular paragraph though.
“Despite difficulties in translation, the team eventually pinned down the most circulated legend. The famous trickster spirit can play the role of several characters, in a strange mirage way. Most people report that the trickster spirit prefers to take the shape of a spider and other times as a human. Some cultures have several names for it but linguistically, they all sound very similar, as the table indicates below”
Evan whispered to himself the words in series as if it was a spell: “Iktomi, Iktome, Unktome, Ikto”
They all sounded like cousins of each other and that is all because they pointed to the same thing: the trickster spirit.
With much eagerness, Evan returned to the clip.
“I swear I had no idea what I was getting into, I wanted it to stop, really badly. I don’t know if it was the Malibu but…as much as I tried against it…” Alice sounded tormented.
“What was it, Alice?” Evan had pushed.
“I saw it, the trickster spirit, they told me I shouldn’t have but I met its gaze. In its web… he or it spoke to me..it enlightened and threatened me. It…”
The recording abruptly ended right at a crucial moment and Evan, huffing at this point at the sheer abstruseness, couldn’t figure out why for the life of him. He remembered everything else, even to a degree of detail, but the last few seconds were all a blur to him, as though some selective amnesia happened; quite panic-strickening to say the least. It was unlike him, it felt like an artificial or manipulated memory blackout.
In an automatic attempt to hypothesise its origin, Evan’s mind wandered towards the dream catcher anomaly. The dream catcher represents a spider, and so does the trickster spirit, and Alice did mention a “web”, which brought shivers down Evan’s spine. Based on this, his prevailing thought and one that raised his dismay was that this memory blip perhaps wouldn’t have been the case before the dream catcher arrived into his life, and he only had Minda to blame.
Surely the dream catcher’s supposed “explosion” that morning hadn’t happened without its consequences. Was he overthinking it? Perhaps, but it was beyond doubt that he had to wring out some answers not only from Dr. Blaith, Minda and his mother but also from Alice, wherever she was. For the moment, he had extracted enough keywords to keep him busy investigating for the rest of his evening. | <urn:uuid:5b00d1d1-407c-4fd0-9663-e09eeafb68d1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://enigmaexpert.com/mindas-dream-catcher-a-trickster-spirit-story/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.980532 | 3,342 | 1.5 | 2 |
NINGBO, China, October 9, 2019 – Ciel & Terre USA, innovators in floating solar power systems, and the Town of Windsor officials have started construction of what will be the largest floating solar power system in the state of California. The floating solar array will be installed on the Town’s largest recycled water storage pond and is expected to meet 90 percent of the Town’s water treatment and pump facilities’ energy needs.
Risen Energy Co., Ltd (hereinafter referred to as Risen Energy), will be responsible for providing all modules used in this project. This Ciel et Terre solar installation will consist of 4,959 (360W) high-output Risen Energy monocrystalline solar panels mounted atop the company’s patented Hydrelio floating solar racking system.
Risen Energy commented, “This is our first time contributing to a floating solar system project in the United States and we are very honored to be a part of this landmark project for the state of California. We are pleased to be cooperating with the local installers, racking system suppliers, and electrical companies to achieve industry leading results.”
The 1.78 megawatt system will generate power for the Windsor Wastewater Reclamation Facility, Public Works Corporation Yard, and the Geysers pump station, delivering approximately 90 percent of the water reclamation facilities’ power requirements while saving about 30 percent of the electricity cost based on the facilities’ existing grid service. The array will be floated in the pond and tethered to the shore, making it resistant to wind and seismic loads.
The project is being developed and construction financed by Ciel et Terre, which has entered into a 25-year lease and power purchase agreement (PPA) with the Town of Windsor to provide discounted clean energy. The floating solar system will allow Windsor to better control its electrical costs in the face of rising utility prices.
“By entering into a PPA, the Town can substantially reduce its energy overhead without any investment,” said Eva Pauly-Bowles, Representative Director for Ciel & Terre USA, Inc. “Floating solar is becoming an attractive energy alternative for municipalities seeking to reduce operating costs and preserve valuable land for other developments.”
“Our water reclamation and corporation yard facilities currently account for 40 percent of the Town’s greenhouse gas emissions,” said Toni Bertolero, Town of Windsor Public Works Director. “Installation of this new floating solar array will reduce our reliance on energy-polluting sources by an estimated 350 metric tons of CO2 per year, a significant step to achieve our Climate Action Plan emission reduction goals.”
The floating solar project will cover only 22 percent of the available water surface area of the pond. It will have no impact on the biology of the pond and will reduce water loss from evaporation and inhibit algae growth. The state-of-the-art floating solar design can be expanded for extra capacity and will not affect plant operations while it is being installed.
Ciel & Terre
Established in 2006 as a renewable Independent Power Producer (IPP), Ciel & Terre has been fully devoted to floating solar PV since 2011. The French company pioneered Hydrelio®, the first specific and industrialized system to make solar panels float on water, with criteria such as cost-effectiveness, safety, longevity, resistance to winds and waves, simplicity, drinking water compliance, and optimized electrical yield.
Ciel & Terre has floating solar installations in Japan, Korea, China, UK, France, Germany, Netherland, Portugal, Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Panama, Singapore, Malaysia, Cambodia, Italy, Taiwan as well as the United States. The company has its United States headquarters in Petaluma, California.
About Risen Energy
Risen Energy Co., Ltd. was founded in 1986 and successfully listed on Shenzhen Stock Exchange Market in 2010 (stock code: 300118). Risen Energy is one of the leading enterprises in the solar industry and specializes in the R&D, production, marketing and service of solar modules and solar cell technology applications. Risen Energy is also an investor, developer and EPC contractor of solar energy projects. With globally established branches and sales networks in countries such as China, Germany, Australia, Mexico, India, the United States, Japan and so on, Risen Energy aims to provide new green energy for the world. After years of hard work, Risen Energy’s component production capacity of has reached 9.1GW. | <urn:uuid:c0595527-40bc-4361-a664-c8a1f5b75c88> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.pvtime.org/risen-energy-provides-modules-for-californias-largest-floating-solar-system-in-the-town-of-windsor/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.91438 | 940 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Research presented at the 2019 ASCO Annual Meeting found that a balanced, low-fat diet significantly lowers the risk of breast cancer mortality in postmenopausal women.
The randomized, controlled Women’s Health Initiative Dietary Modification clinical trial was conducted at 40 U.S. centers and included 48,835 postmenopausal women who were 50 to 79 years. Participants did not previously have breast cancer, and they had a dietary fat intake of ≥32% of total daily calories.
Between 1993 and 1998, women were randomized to a usual diet comparison group (60%) or dietary intervention group (40%) that aimed to reduce fat intake to 20% of daily calories and increase the intake of vegetables, fruits, and grains.
The dietary intervention significantly reduced fat intake and increased fruit, vegetable, and grain intake (P<0.001). This cohort also experienced modest weight loss (3%; P<0.001). During 8.5 years of the dietary intervention, there were 8% fewer breast cancers. Deaths from breast cancer were somewhat lower in the intervention group; however, this was not statistically significant.
Deaths after breast cancer (breast cancer followed by death from any cause) were significantly reduced in the intervention group, both during the intervention (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45-0.95) and through a median of 16.1 years of follow-up.
After a median follow-up of 19.6 years, there were 3,374 incident breast cancers. In the intervention group, there was a statistically significant 21% lower risk for death from breast cancer (breast cancer followed by death attributed to the breast cancer) compared with the control group (HR=0.79; 95% CI, 0.64-0.97). There was also a significant 15% reduction in deaths from all causes after a breast cancer diagnosis in the intervention group (HR=0.85; 95% CI, 0.74-0.96).
“Adoption of a low-fat dietary pattern associated with increased vegetable, fruit, and grain intake, demonstrably achievable by many, significantly reduced the risk of death from breast cancer in postmenopausal women,” the researchers concluded.
Chlebowski RT, Aragaki AK, Anderson GL, et al. Low-fat dietary pattern and long-term breast cancer incidence and mortality: The Women’s Health Initiative randomized clinical trial. Abstract #520. Presented at the 2019 ASCO Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL, June 2, 2019. | <urn:uuid:3b7ae8bd-aedc-4013-8605-09f0de1e9f8e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.docwirenews.com/conference-coverage/spring-conference-2019/diet-impacts-breast-cancer-mortality-in-postmenopausal-women-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.966313 | 530 | 2.65625 | 3 |
تصمیم گیری های بازنشستگی نه چندان داوطلبانه؟ مدارک و شواهد از اصلاحات در حقوق بازنشستگی
|کد مقاله||سال انتشار||مقاله انگلیسی||ترجمه فارسی||تعداد کلمات|
|22823||2005||16 صفحه PDF||سفارش دهید||محاسبه نشده|
Publisher : Elsevier - Science Direct (الزویر - ساینس دایرکت)
Journal : Journal of Public Economics, Volume 89, Issues 11–12, December 2005, Pages 2121–2136
Firms may encourage their workers to retire early. Experience-rating of early retirement benefits creates incentives for firms to avoid this. We use a pension reform as a natural experiment in order to evaluate the effect of this experience-rating. The key result is that experience-rating of early retirement benefits reduces early exits of older workers.
Extensive literature on the effect of the economic incentives on retirement treats the retirement decision essentially as a labor supply issue. Workers who approach the retirement age evaluate their prospective wage and pension streams, and choose the retirement age that maximizes their expected lifetime earnings or utility. Substantial empirical evidence indicates that the incentives provided by the social security systems have an impact on the age of the labor force withdrawal. Pensions that are actuarially unfair encourage early retirement, and countries with more generous social security benefits tend to have a lower average retirement age (Gruber and Wise, 1998). Employer behavior has received much less attention in the retirement literature. In a pure labor supply model, workers are free to choose the retirement date that is optimal for them. Yet firms may also encourage their workers to retire early. Early retirement can be a “soft” way to reduce or to renew the workforce. Depending on the institutional setting, firm-induced early retirement can take different forms. Hutchens (1999) suggests that the early retirement provisions of the US Social Security System can be used as a form of unemployment insurance. Since the social security benefits are not experience-rated, early retirement benefits effectively subsidize workforce reductions. Even more explicit subsidies exist in other countries. For example, before a recent pension reform, the long-term unemployed could retire at the age of 60 in Germany. In this paper, we analyze retirement via long-term unemployment in Finland, where the social security system enables the unemployed to withdraw from the labor market already at the age of 55. This “benefit tunnel” starts off with unemployment insurance benefits and continues with unemployment pension benefits until old-age retirement at the age of 65. An interesting feature of the system is a partial experience-rating of the unemployment pension benefits. Early retirement expenses are therefore partly charged to the employer. To structure an argument in which both the employer and the employee behavior matter for retirement, we adopt the ideas of Feldstein (1976, 1978), Topel (1984), and Hutchens (1999). Accordingly, we consider retirement as a joint decision by employees and employers. In other words, employees behave as in a labor supply model, and make their withdrawal decisions based on the expected benefits. Employers influence these decisions, because they act as gatekeepers to the unemployment-related benefits. While the employee decisions are influenced by the level and the availability of the benefits, the employer decisions are also influenced by the share of the benefits that is charged to the firm. We therefore expect the early retirement to depend both on the amount of the benefits and the degree of experience-rating of these benefits. To test this effect, we use data from the pension reform in 2000 in Finland. This reform reduced the unemployment-related early retirement benefits and changed the experience-rating schedule. Both the decrease in benefits and the change in the degree of experience-rating differed across employees and employers. In particular, the decrease in benefits only affected workers who were eligible for extended benefits (those who were older than 55 years of age). Experience-rating, in turn, increased considerably in the largest firms, while it increased less, was unchanged, or even decreased in smaller firms. Since the reform affected different employer–employee categories differently, we can identify the effect of the reform by comparing the changes in the early exit rates in the different categories of worker age and firm size. Our analysis shows that the experience-rating of the early retirement benefits matters. The reduction in the exit rates was larger in the firms that faced larger increases in the cost of early retirement. This finding has no benchmark in the early retirement literature, but it is consistent with the previous research on the effects of the experience-rating on the entry rate into unemployment (Topel, 1983, Topel, 1984, Card and Levine, 1994, Anderson and Meyer, 1994 and Anderson and Meyer, 2000). Hence, our key contribution is to show that the experience-rating of the unemployment-related early retirement benefits has similar effects to the experience-rating of the unemployment insurance benefits. This result supports the claim that firms may influence the retirement decisions of their employees. The rest of this paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, we describe the relevant details of the early retirement schemes in Finland, and the changes that took place after the pension reform in year 2000. In Section 3, we present our data, and in Section 4, we lay out our empirical strategy. The empirical results are in Section 5, and the final section concludes.
نتیجه گیری انگلیسی
The low employment rates for older workers are a cause of concern in most industrialized countries. Early retirement before the official retirement age is common, and the most common causes for that are unemployment and disability. While the employer might have an effect also on the disability applications, the employer's role in the unemployment-related retirement is obvious. Workers need to be laid off first before they can obtain the unemployment-related benefits. Using a clearly identifiable change in the experience-rating of the unemployment pension benefits, we demonstrated that the experience-rating of the early retirement benefits reduces the unemployment risk at old age. As the unemployment spells at older ages tend to mean permanent withdrawals from the labor market, an increase in the unemployment risk effectively increases early retirement. Imposing a partial experience-rating on large employers in Finland reduced the unemployment risk of the older workers by about 16%. Therefore the policy mix that aims to reduce the early retirement of older workers could, in addition to reducing the employee incentives to retire early, include some experience-rating of the early retirement pension benefits. | <urn:uuid:4ad6e0c9-1436-40d4-b7f4-a08e3b5746c9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://isiarticles.com/article/22823 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00015-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934386 | 1,483 | 1.734375 | 2 |
The name of Eucken has become a familiar one in philosophical and religious circles. Until recent years the reading of his books was confined to those possessing a knowledge of German, but of late several have been translated into the English language, and now the students of philosophy and religion are agog with accounts of a new philosopher who is at once a great ethical teacher and an optimistic prophet. There is no doubt that Eucken has a great message, and those who cannot find time to make a thorough study of his works should not fail to know something of the man and his teachings. The aim of this volume is to give a brief and clear account of his philosophical ideas, and to inspire the reader to study for himself Eucken's great works.
Professor Rudolf Eucken was born in 1846, at Aurich in Frisia. He attended school in his native town, and then proceeded to study at the Universities of Göttingen and Berlin. In 1874 he was invited to the Professorship of Philosophy at the University of Jena, and here he has laboured for thirty-eight years; during this period he has been listened to and admired by many of the more advanced students of philosophy of all countries and continents.
His earliest writings were historical in character, and consisted mainly of learned essays upon the classical and German philosophers.
Following upon these appeared valuable studies in the history of philosophy, which brought out, too, to some extent, Eucken's own philosophical ideas.
His latest works have been more definitely constructive. In Life's Basis and Life's Ideal, and The Truth of Religion, he gives respectively a full account of his philosophical system, and of his ideas concerning religion.
Several smaller works contain his ideas in briefer and more popular form.
As a lecturer he is charming and inspiring. He is not always easy to understand; his sentences are often long, florid, and complex. Sometimes, indeed, he is quite beyond the comprehension of his students—but when they do not understand, they admire, and feel they are in the presence of greatness. His writings contain many of the faults of his lectures. They are often laboured and obscure, diffuse and verbose.
But these faults are minor in character, compared with the greatness of his work. There is no doubt that his is one of the noblest attempts ever made to solve the great question of life. Never was a philosophy more imbued with the spirit of battle against the evil and sordid, and with the desire to find in life the highest and greatest that can be found in it.
I have to thank Professor Eucken for the inspiration of his lectures and books, various writers, translators, and friends for suggestions, and especially my wife, whose help in various ways has been invaluable.
Passages are quoted from several of the works mentioned in the Bibliography, especially from Eucken's "The Truth of Religion," with the kind permission of Messrs. Williams & Norgate—the publishers.
ABEL J. JONES. | <urn:uuid:b1ecfb74-2c95-4d4e-96fc-0835ecee06dd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.saomaicenter.org/vi/library/politics-philosophy/rudolph-eucken | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.983851 | 637 | 2.75 | 3 |
Study sheds new light on antibiotics produced by ants
Ants, like humans, deal with disease. To deal with the bacteria that cause some of these diseases, some ants produce their own antibiotics. A new comparative study identified some ant species that make use of powerful antimicrobial agents - but found that 40 percent of ant species tested didn't appear to produce antibiotics. The study has applications regarding the search for new antibiotics that can be used in humans.
"These findings suggest that ants could be a future source of new antibiotics to help fight human diseases," says Clint Penick, an assistant research professor at Arizona State University and former postdoctoral researcher at North Carolina State University who is lead author of the study.
"One species we looked at, the thief ant (Solenopsis molesta), had the most powerful antibiotic effect of any species we tested - and until now, no one had even shown that they made use of antimicrobials," says Adrian Smith, co-author of the paper, an assistant research professor of biological sciences at NC State and head of the NC Museum of Natural Sciences' Evolutionary Biology & Behavior Research Lab.
For this study, researchers tested the antimicrobial properties associated with 20 ant species. They did this by using a solvent to remove all of the substances on the surface of each ant's body. The resulting solution was then introduced to a bacterial slurry. The growth of the bacteria in the slurry was then compared to the growth of bacteria in a control group.
If bacteria in a slurry that contained ant solution grew less than the control group, that meant that an antimicrobial agent was at work. For example, the slurry containing thief ant compounds showed no bacterial growth at all.
The researchers found that 12 of the 20 ant species had some sort of antimicrobial agent on their exoskeletons - including some species, like the thief ant, that hadn't previously been shown to do so. But eight of the ant species seemed not to make use of antibiotics at all. Or, at least, any antimicrobials on their exoskeletons were ineffective against the bacteria used in the study.
"Finding a species that carries a powerful antimicrobial agent is good news for those interested in finding new antibiotic agents that can help humans," Smith says. "But the fact that so many ant species appear to have little or no chemical defense against microbial pathogens is also important."
That's because the conventional wisdom has long been that most, if not all, ant species carry antimicrobial agents. But this work indicates that the conventional wisdom is wrong.
"We thought every ant species would produce at least some type of antimicrobial," Penick says. "Instead, it seems like many species have found alternative ways to prevent infection that do not rely on antimicrobial chemicals."
"The fact that not all ants use antimicrobials highlights the importance of refining our search for species that actually do hold promise for biomedical research," Smith says.
"For example, the thief ant is closely related to the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta), which is well known for the antimicrobial properties of its venom. But in our study, we found that the thief ant was even more effective against bacteria than the fire ant. There may be other species in the same genus that are worth studying for their antimicrobial potency."
The researchers caution that this study is a first step, and that this study does have limitations. For example, the researchers used only one bacterial agent in their tests, meaning it is not clear how each species would fare against other bacteria.
"Next steps include testing ant species against other bacteria; determining what substances are producing the antibiotic effects - and whether ants produce them or obtain them elsewhere; and exploring what alternative strategies ants use to defend against bacterial pathogens," Smith says. | <urn:uuid:537317c7-47f9-4e64-bfb6-cc30040db3dd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://phys.org/news/2018-02-antibiotics-ants.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.958462 | 779 | 3.609375 | 4 |
What Is Partition Wall?
Partition wall is a non-load bearing wall or divider, provided for the purpose of separating one room or part of a roof from another. Partition walls are constructed of bricks, wood, concrete, glass, etc materials. In this article, I will discuss different types of partition wall used in rooms.
Requirements Of Good Partition Wall:
- It should be thin, light, and rigid.
- It should be soundproof as well as lightproof.
- It should provide adequate privacy.
- It Should be easy to construct.
- It should be economical.
Types Of Partition Walls:
1. Brick Partition:
Bricks partitions are always half-brick thick. They are three types.
i) Plain brick partition:
These partitions are made by laying bricks in stretcher bond. The wall is 100 mm thick ad its maximum height is only 2 m and the maximum length is 6 m. Plastering on both sides is also required.
ii) Reinforced Brick Partition Wall:
These partitions are also half-brick thick, but reinforcement of wire mesh, iron hoop, or 6 mm steel bars are provided at every fourth or fifth coarse of bricks. It is stronger and more durable than a plain brick partition.
iii) Brick- Nogged Partition:
This type of partition wall consists of wooden framework whose interspaces are filled with half brick masonry. The framework consists of head, sill, vertical and horizontal members.
2. Hollow Clay Block Partitions:
Hollow blocks are normally made of clay or terra-cotta. The size of hollow blocks is usually 300mm x 200 mm and thickness varies from 50 mm to 150 mm. These partitions are lightweight, non-shrinkable, and good in sound and fire resistance.
3. Cement Concrete Partitions:
These partition walls may be constructed in form of a solid thin concrete slab or hollow blocks. In case of precast slabs, the thickness of the slab should not be less than 40 mm and precast poles should be provided at suitable intervals.
In case of cast in situ construction, the slab thickness is 75 mm. Sometimes reinforcement may be provided to give sufficient strength and stability.
4. Glass Partition Wall:
In this type of partition wall, thin glass sheets or hollow blocks are used. In sheet glass partition, timber framework is used to insert thin glass sheets which are kept in position by using putty. These partitions are lightweight, soundproof, and vermin proof and require less space.
They provide a good decorative effect in the room. Some special types of sheets such as wired glass, three-ply glass, bulletproof glass, etc are used to avoid breakage.
Hollow glass blocks are produced from structural annealed glass. They are translucent and available in a variety of shapes and sizes. As they carry self-load only hence do not require any timber framework. These blocks are lightweight, soundproof, fireproof, and have a decent appearance.
5. Timber Partitions:
Timber partitions are easy to construct. The use of timber partitions is decreasing because they are non-fire resisting and easily affected in damp conditions. They are sight proof but not good sound proof.
6. Metal Partitions:
Metal is a good partition material. Out of all, mild steel is mostly used for this purpose. Metal laths are used with steel or timber framework for fixing in position. Plastering is required after fixing the metal lath.
The thickness of this type of partitions is 50 mm. Patented steel lath commonly known as hyrib is also useful material for making partition walls. For better thermal and sound insulation cavity can be provided in between metal lath and plaster.
7. Plaster Board Partition:
Plaster-boards are made from plaster of paris or gypsum. Different varieties of plaster-boards are readily available in the market. The thickness of these boards varies from 50 mm to 100 mm. Plaster-boards are easily fixed in wooden frames. They can be nailed or screwed easily.
8. Straw Board Partition:
Straw boards or slabs are used in wooden or steel frame. They provide good thermal and sound insulation. They are mostly suitable where partitions need to be removed frequently.
9. Wood Wool Slab Partitions:
These slabs are made by mixing wood wool or wood shavings with a small amount of gypsum. They require still or timber or concrete frame for fixing at positions. The thickness of the partition varies from 50 mm to 75 mm.
They are very prone to moisture defects and dimensional changes. To avoid this partitions should be provided with shrinkage joints at intervals of 6 m. These types of partition walls give moderate sound insulation and fire resistance when plastered on both sides
10. AC And GI Sheet Partitions:
These partitions are prepared by fixing AC or GI sheets on supporting frame in single or double leaves. They are either fixed to permanent vertical posts or clamped and attached to metal runners at the ceiling and floor level.
This type of partition wall is durable and fire-resistant but not good for sound insulation. These types of partition walls are mostly suitable for offices with a good decorative appearance.
11. Plastic Board Partitions:
Plastic boards are made of PVC and are mainly of two types: foamed and unfoamed plastic boards. Foamed boards have solid external skin and foam core inside whereas unfoamed boards have solid external skin with hollow cavities inside.
They can be used for
- Partitioning cabins with timber or aluminium frame.
- Wall paneling.
- False ceiling etc.
Advantages Of Partition Walls:
- It helps to divide one room into many rooms.
- It provides adequate privacy from sight and sound both.
- Most of the partition materials are good in thermal insulation.
- Partition walls are lightproof.
- Built from lightweight materials.
- Some partition materials are also fire resistant.
- As these walls are thin they occupy less area in room.
- Rigid and durable.
- Cheap and easy to construct.
- How To Calculate No. Of Concrete Blocks In Wall
- How To Calculate No. Of Concrete Bricks In Wall
- Why Cover Blocks Are Used In Reinforcement
- Cantilever Beam – Advantages & Disadvantages
- How To Calculate Volume Of Hollow Column | <urn:uuid:c0604008-9ad3-4a22-b079-a517fbddb4b3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dailycivil.com/partition-wall-types-advantages-requirements/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.911506 | 1,346 | 3.21875 | 3 |
President Barack Obama picked an easy — but important — issue to share with college students recently.
The interest rate on the popular Stafford student loans is due to double at the end of June from 3.4 percent to 6.8 percent. Underwriting that portion of student debt costs the federal government about $6 billion.
In these days when everything is viewed through partisan lenses, it’s important to note that deadline was set by Democrats when the rate was halved two years ago. It’s also important to note there’s little, if any, interest among Republicans in seeing the rate go back up.
In other words, despite an effort by the House to pay for the Stafford loans with cuts to the president’s health care initiative, there’s every expectation a deal will get done.
… There’s a reason student loan rates have zoomed in recent years, a reason few people are wont to discuss.
Over the past generation, states have been shedding their responsibility to educate their citizens.
Colleges have responded by aggressively raising tuition fees. Students are having to shoulder more and more of the cost of their education, and they do that by borrowing.
States have been in the education business as long as there have been states. Since the early days of the republic, there’s been recognition a functioning democracy requires an educated public. Since World War II, a college degree has been the surest way for families to move up the economic ladder. Governments were rewarded for their investments through taxes collected on the higher incomes graduates earned.
In that spirit, nearly every education mission statement includes a throw-away line that rhapsodizes about students representing our future.
If only we acted as though that were true.
The Hawk Eye, Burlington, Iowa (May 4) | <urn:uuid:8e5cd590-b67d-4d59-8551-8606b299b957> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://bangordailynews.com/2012/05/09/opinion/responsibility-to-educate/?ref=relatedBox | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719468.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00530-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9793 | 373 | 2.3125 | 2 |
German container shipping company Hapag-Lloyd plans to deploy the first of its twelve new 23,500+ TEU vessels in 2023, Lutz-Michael Dyck, Senior Director Strategic Asset Projects at Hapag-Lloyd, confirmed, reports Offshore Energy.
Ultra-large container vessels
In late 2020 and mid-2021, the European ocean carrier ordered a dozen of new ultra-large container vessels (ULCVs) from South Korean shipyard Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering (DSME).
Once completed, the 400-meter-long and 61-meter-wide newbuilds will be among the largest ships in the world.
This month, the company published an interview with Dyck who provided more details on the process of building the giant ships.
“The ships are currently being built in South Korea, and we expect the first ships to already be ready for deployment in 2023,” Dyck said.
“The first ship is scheduled for delivery on 30 April 2023, and the last of the 12 vessels will be delivered to us on 31 December 2024.”
As informed by Lutz-Michael, the first steel plate for building the first ship was cut on 27 December 2021, and work has already started on building the so-called “blocks” that will later be used to assemble the ship.
The keel-laying of the first unit in the dry dock is planned for 22 August 2022.
Hapag-Lloyd unveils names of new boxships
The company has already chosen names for the first six units, Dyck said.
They will be the Singapore Express, the Manila Express, the Bangkok Express, the Mumbai Express, the Busan Express, and the Hanoi Express.
The remaining six vessels are yet to be named.
With this order, Hapag-Lloyd joined its counterparts in ordering dual-fuel, environmentally friendly ULCVs.
The investment followed the company’s first conversion project of an LNG-ready ultra-large containership to LNG.
Speaking about the vessel dual-fuel capability, Dyck said:
“The ships are Hapag-Lloyd’s first new buildings to be designed from the outset as dual-fuel vessels, meaning they can be operated with both conventional fuel oil and liquified natural gas (LNG). LNG can be used to operate not only the main engine but also the auxiliary machinery and boilers.”
“Compared to conventional fuels, LNG places completely new demands on storage and handling, and we will need a lot of additional equipment. For example, the storage temperature of LNG in the tank is around -160°C (-256°C). The LNG must be vaporised to operate the machinery, and a high pressure of 300 bar is also required for the main engine.”
“There are also other safety-related issues, as the requirements are much higher for LNG systems. All of this is still new for us. However, thanks to the retrofitting of the “Brussels Express”, we have already gained some valuable experience with engines featuring dual-fuel technology. Even though the tank on that ship is different, its main engine is more or less the same: a MAN engine with a high-pressure system. We chose this type of engine because its so-called “methane slip” – meaning the unburned methane that escapes from engines into the atmosphere – is lower than with a low-pressure system. This will also enable us to meet the tightened environment-protection requirements better.”
“This is already a step in the right direction. In the future, however, we want to operate our ships increasingly with CO2-neutral SNG or bio gas,” Dyck revealed.
LNG tanks for the newbuilds
Unlike standard fuel tanks, the LNG tank isn’t part of the block method of construction. Instead, it is built in another location.
According to Dyck, more time was allotted for building the tanks of the first ship.
“This is a pilot project – and one that is the first of its kind in the world – because the Type B tank will be made of steel with a particularly high manganese content. This is why the welders will need special training. So 200 welders had to be trained first, which naturally required a certain amount of advance preparation.”
Despite this, the construction was able to start earlier than predicted.
No pandemic effect
Moreover, progress on building the ships for Hapag-Lloyd hasn’t been impacted by the pandemic yet. This is a result of South Korea’s low infection rate.
“The only thing that could present a hurdle is the delayed arrival of equipment from outside the country, but we haven’t had any problems with that yet, either.”
“What’s more, owing to the large number of deliveries that we will receive for several ships, we always have the possibility to react and reschedule – because they are all structurally identical. If the construction of the first ship goes smoothly, I’m very confident that there shouldn’t be any delays with the other ones, either,” the company’s Senior Director Strategic Asset Projects concluded.
Hapag-Lloyd has two other orders for 13,000 TEU ships, one for three and one for two, in South Korea and China. These units will not be equipped with dual-fuel engines. Instead, these will be five containerships with scrubbers. The first unit, under construction in South Korea, is slated for delivery on 31 August 2023.
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Source: Offshore Energy | <urn:uuid:d8363915-c911-4750-8987-5df6485f976a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mfame.guru/hapag-lloyds-new-vessels-scheduled-to-deploy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.949265 | 1,238 | 1.554688 | 2 |
An Evening of Learning: Practical Solutions for Positive Change
Monday, Nov. 17, 2014
Missouri History Museum
Online registration is now closed. On-site registration will open at 4:30 p.m.
In 2001, a FOCUS St. Louis task force of 30 citizens studied the state of racial equality in the St. Louis region over the course of an 18-month period. The task force's report found that while individual attitudes toward race have improved substantially, there had only been marginal institutional progress. In addition, the group looked at the intersection of race and education, economic development, housing and civic engagement. We believe the report is just as relevant today, in the aftermath of Ferguson, as it was more than a decade ago. To this end, FOCUS invites you to An Evening of Learning, a symposium centered on these issues. The original report remains our road map, and we will use it to guide us for a dialogue that is solution focused.
Schedule of Events
4:30-5:00 p.m. - Check-in/Networking
5:00 p.m. - Welcome - Yemi Akande-Bartsch, Ph.D., Executive Director of FOCUS St. Louis, and Frances Levin, Ph.D., President, Missouri History Museum
5:15-6:15 p.m. - Opening Address: Why This Matters?
Speakers: Rev. Starsky Wilson, CEO, Deaconess Foundation; Dr. Terry Jones, Professor of Political Science, University of Missouri-St. Louis; Rev. Traci Blackmon, Pastor, Christ the King
6:30-7:30 p.m. - Breakout Sessions
Role of Education in Promoting the Social & Economic Vitality of Our Community
Moderator: Rebeccah Bennett, Founder & Principal, Emerging Wisdom LLC and InPower Institute
Panelists: Charli Cooksey, Executive Director, InspireSTL; Rev. Starsky Wilson, CEO, Deaconess Foundation; Roderick Nunn Ph.D., Interim President, St. Louis Community College - Forest Park; Scott Hippert, CEO, Parents as Teachers
- How can we address the basic needs of families in our communities?
- What are the barriers to overcome in accessing quality education and providing quality services?
Community Development: Getting To Scale
Moderator: Julianne Stone, Director Local Government Partnership, East-West Gateway and UMSL
Panelists: Malik Ahmed, CEO, Better Family Life; Chris Krehmeyer, CEO, Beyond Housing; Rebecca Zoll, Executive Director, North County Incorporated
- What makes a community accessible to all?
- What problems are we trying to solve?
- What are purpose-built communities?
- What role does public safety play in community development?
Civic and Community Engagement
Moderator: JB Kwon, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of Anthropology, Webster University
Panelists: Pat Cox, Co-founder, Women's Group on Race Relations; Robin Hattori, Assistant Director, Gephardt Institute for Public Service, Washington University; Frances Levine, Ph.D., Missouri History Museum; Maida Coleman, Director of Civic Engagement, St. Louis; Karen Aroesty, Regional Director, MO/IL Anti-Defamation League
- Why is it important to engage citizens with community groups?
- What can be done to get more people in our region connected and engaged?
- What role should parents, schools, religious organizations and other entities play in nurturing our civic health?
- What does a civically health and thriving city and region look like to you?
- How do we get there?
7:45-8:45 p.m. - Reflections from the evening: Recap of breakout sessions
8:45 p.m. - Concluding Remarks - Yemi Akande-Bartsch, Ph.D., Executive Director, FOCUS St. Louis
9:00 p.m. - Adjourn | <urn:uuid:ea4e4c0d-dbef-4c5b-8149-ab189401b553> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.focus-stl.org/event/id/512527/An-Evening-of-Learning-Practical-Solutions-for-Positive-Change.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00251-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9066 | 842 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Conic sections – the curves made by slicing through cones at various angles – were studied by the ancient Greeks, but because of their useful properties, have many real-world uses. Planets have elliptical orbits, projectiles move in parabolas, and cooling towers have hyperbolic cross-sections. But did you know that one of the most important curves in economics is a hyperbola? Or that ellipses are used to cure kidney stones?
A lecture by Sarah Hart
The transcript and downloadable versions of the lecture are available from the Gresham College website:
Gresham College has been giving free public lectures since 1597. This tradition continues today with all of our five or so public lectures a week being made available for free download from our website. There are currently over 2,000 lectures free to access or download from the website. | <urn:uuid:b63102e4-f6da-423c-a9fa-630be3b62886> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.buzzsprout.com/1904814/10513019-the-surprising-uses-of-conic-sections?client_source=small_player&iframe=true | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.93418 | 250 | 3.359375 | 3 |
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Janine Comrie - Norway
Transcript of Janine Comrie - Norway
There are also Finnish- and Sami- speaking minorities. There is an abundance of seafood in the diet of Norway's citizens in addition to it being a significant industry. Herring, cod, salmon, and mackerel are eaten very often there. Popular dishes include smoked salmon for breakfast, seafood bisques, and Bacalao (salted and dried fish) often used in casseroles with onions, peppers, olives, and tomatoes. Their fish in addition to their meat and game have often been dried, salted, and pickled for preservation. This seafood diet allows the people of Norway to lead very healthy lifestyles. Norway's fishing industry is booming as it is a very large exporter of various types of seafood. Foods Other food facts The first settlers of Norway hunted animals including elk, whales, seals, and deer. Other common items eaten are peas, carrots, cabbage, and potatoes (often used to make potato dough for thin pancakes). Dill, lingonberry relish, and sweet-and-sour sauces are other common flavors. Jarlsberg cheese is another famous Norwegian export. Bunads Men and women wear this traditional costume for celebrations such as weddings and baptisms. These expensive outfits are made up of embroidered wool, linen, cotton, and silk. There are also sometimes elements of gold and silver in the thread or decorations of handmade jewelry. People wear the bunad designs specifically associated with the region in which their family is from. A council, strict about upholding the historical traditions, defines and classifies new bunad designs based on their authenticity. This traditional outfit dates back to the 1700s and 1800s though new designs are still made today based on the older folk attire. Art Edvard Munch Eilif Peterssen Gustav Vigeland Munch was born in Norway and lived there for most of his life. In the 1900s, he contributed greatly to the development of Modernism in Norway, abandoning provincial and community life and subjects for radical themes. He conveyed universal statements, focused on the individual, and depicted the psyche of man. Complex emotions were conveyed in his famous works including "Melancholy", "Anxiety", and "The Scream". Peterssen was a very prominent portrait painter and brought delicate and impressionistic features and techniques in works such as "Sunshine, Kalvøya" to life in Norway. Elaborate landscapes were also prominent in his paintings. Vigeland promoted sculpture in Norway creating the largest sculpture park to be made by one artist in Oslo, Norway. He revived the simple styles of medieval sculpting and conveyed the "cycle of life" in his figures, labyrinths, carved forests, staircases, bridges, monolith, and fountains of iron, granite, and bronze. Dances: Springar and Gangar These dances, consisting of complicated steps, turns, stomps, and acrobatics, are common in south and west Norway and are accompanied by fiddles playing the rhythm associated with the particular region. Dance: Telespringar This is an improvised dance common in Telemark, Norway in which the turns mimic the movement in traditional Norwegian floral designs. The highest positions in the Norwegian Government are the Prime Minister, the Minister of Finance, and the Minister of Foreign Affairs. The executive Government is chosen from the Storting (Parliament). The Storting must approve of the monarch's choices for the Prime Minister and cabinet members. The Storting itself is popularly elected to serve four-year terms. Financial proposals and bills are sent to the Norwegian national assembly (the Storting) from the executive Government. Norway is a ministerial government. Ministries include the Secretary-General (the higher administrative leader) and the Director General (the administrative leader at the department level). Norway is a constitutional monarchy and consists of 19 counties. The monarchy is hereditary. The Norwegian Government is the executive branch of government. Though it has less power than given to those of most other Western countries, the head of the Government, the Prime Minister, still must sign off on a royal decree for it to be implemented. Members of the Storting meeting Architecture Wooden stave churches are traditional structures decorating the landscape of Norway. They were built before the Black Death struck Norway, and only 25 were preserved because they, unlike earlier models, were built slightly off the ground, preventing the wood from rotting. Some characteristics of different stave churches include naves (the cross shaped center of the churches), masts (upright poles), and/or high ceilings held by freestanding poles. Many structures are in curvy modern shapes. There is also some rural architecture including the stacked-log farmhouses. These structures were especially prevalent from 1200 to 1900. There are also various ornate cathedrals, theaters, palaces, and castles (many of which are built into the side of mountains). Nidaros Cathedral National Theatre Most follow the Protestant Church of Norway which is based on the Evangelical-Lutheran religion. Minorities include practitioners of the Pentecostal, Roman Catholic, and Islamic religions. Unfortunately, Norway currently faces various environmental issues including long-range pollution from radioactivity and pollutants brought there by ocean-currents and wind; hazardous waste from consumer goods; an increasing mean temperature; loss in biodiversity; the dispersal of hazardous chemicals; and a rise in greenhouse emissions due to the emissions of carbon dioxide from industries/activities involving petroleum. They try to battle these challenges by developing legal international cooperation for these issues as well as developing resource management policies. Norway is not a member of the European Union, and there have been debates about this such as in 1972 and 1994 when referendums were held in which only a slight majority rejected membership both times. - Voted best country in the world to live in by the UN Current Prime Minister, Jens Stoltenberg The Viking Age began in 800 CE. It was characterized by the raids and explorations of the vikings who were skilled sailors and traders who built swift, agile, ocean-going ships. They raided countries like Scotland, England, France, and Ireland and also settled in foreign areas. It was during this time that Norway also divided into multiple kingdoms. Norway is now a big supporter of peace and looks to use negotiations to solve conflicts. Norway is a part of NATO and the UN. The people also enjoy a high standard of living and were not affected too much by the recession. "The Scream" "Sunshine, Kalvøya" | <urn:uuid:bef064ab-1578-4475-b81b-a822cc8fecf8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://prezi.com/j7xljq_qvxuq/janine-comrie-norway/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00422-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971646 | 1,482 | 2.421875 | 2 |
New American History Videos Produced By Makematic, Driving Force Institute & USC
We are pleased to announce the official launch of Untold!
Untold is a free collection of short historical videos and animations that dive deeper into the stories you've heard before, and delve into the stories that time forgot.
Head to the official Untold YouTube channel - UntoldEdu - to watch the videos now! New videos are uploaded every Wednesday.
Untold features four series:
- America Explained - Exploring America’s history and how it impacts today’s society – from the Founding Mothers to what marijuana tells us about States’ rights.
- The Museum of Artifacts that Made America - From the first video games to the cotton gin; how do the inventions of the past impact the world around us today?
- Hidden Histories - Hidden Histories shines a light on influential Americans whose stories don’t usually make it into the textbooks – from the “Robin Hood of Harlem” to the greatest athlete of the 20th century.
- Speeches that changed America - Words have power. These speeches helped to change the course of American history. | <urn:uuid:70cebdd9-8a5f-42d0-86bb-c8b74f4da552> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://makematic.com/blog/new-american-history-videos/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.905045 | 240 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Clive L. Spash
Ecological Economics at the Cross-roads
economics approach appearing under the banner of ecological economics.
Others, trying to draw together ecology and neo-classical environmental and resource economics, see no contradiction in being on the governing council of neo-classical associations while assuming the mantle of ecological economics. The potential contradiction is avoided for them because they study ‘ecology & economics’ and in doing so regard each as distinct subject areas with specific types of narrowly defined interactions. For example, Turner, Perrings and Folke (1997) “do not see ecological economics as an alternative paradigm” (p.27), refer to it as being closer to renewable resource economics than environmental economics and reduce all concerns to side constraints on economic activities (convenient for the optimal control modelling favoured by resource economists).
This perception of the movement as ‘ecology & economics’ can be associated with the expression of a particular set of values and concentration upon the science approach to both subjects. An individual trained in mathematics or physics who has switched into economics (not uncommon) and who is concerned about the environment might prefer the greater degree of linkage between natural science and economics emphasised by ecological economics. Similarl , an ecologist might feel their interest in economic interactions with the environment is best served by adopting neo-classical models from environmental economics and assume this is the only aim of ecological economics. These people might also satisfy their core concern, to extend the scientific approach by linking models, through association with environmental economics where a logical positivist methodology is still common and the emphasis is upon technical competence and mathematical model building skills. Technical competence is of course important to avoid misleading use of current economic tools, but extending technical competence across disciplines is a relatively limited (although often challenging) educational goal. Howeve , what such indi- viduals do not require is a new discipline called ecological economics because for them there is only a combined science of ‘ecology & economics’ based upon the two established disciplines.
Ecological economics consists of more than linking economic market models with eco- logical production function analysis and providing ‘robust’ numbers. Otherwise it would indeed merely be environmental economics renamed and could employ the same methods and method- ology. As the history of environmental economics has shown, the emphasis on being a part of the mainstream school of economics has meant pushing to one side problems which fail to | <urn:uuid:3bba3c34-f9f0-4ec4-b23c-6b12bc6a8548> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.hitpages.com/doc/4503850614521856/8/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00462-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941477 | 496 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Sometimes you really want to watch an interesting video on your phone. For example, it could be a recent interview or a documentary. But the small screen of the phone will not allow you to fully enjoy the process of watching a video. An excellent solution to this issue would be to connect your smartphone to a large TV to project video from your phone onto a huge comfortable screen.
There is a fairly easy way to watch videos from a smartphone through a TV. You can connect your phone to a TV using a USB cable.
Such a connector can be found on almost every modern TV, not to mention smartphones, for which charging the battery through such a cable has already become the standard. The advantage of this method is that when watching a video on a large TV screen, the smartphone will be charged.
However, using a USB cable, you will not be able to watch videos online.
- First, you need to connect the small side of the cable to your phone (just like when charging the device).
- Next, you need to connect the usual USB on the back of the cable to the TV.
- After connecting the cable, you need to go to the device settings and activate the USB modem function (modem mode).
- When you turn on the TV, you need to go to its menu and specify the cable as the source of input signals.
- After that, everything that is on the phone will open on the TV. (Folders, audio, video files). It remains only to select the desired file.
Connecting a smartphone to a TV via HDMI cable
This connection method can only be used if the phone has a HDMI connector (a smaller version for smartphones).
There are not very many gadgets with such “jacks”, but if you do get hold of it, you can connect it to the TV. The only thing that will be needed is an HDMI cable, which has a small connector at one end of the wire.
If you have a cable, you just need to connect two devices (phone and TV) to each other. In the TV menu, this time you need to select HDMI as the signal source. The maximum video quality with this connection is FullHD.
If the design of the phone does not provide for a small HDMI connector, you can purchase a special MHL adapter.
It must be connected to the phone via MicroUSB, and the HDMI cable must be inserted into the adapter itself.
Buying such a guide will allow you to enjoy high quality videos.
Is it convenient for you to watch videos on your phone? | <urn:uuid:86517d85-0327-479f-a782-9f2bd52d133a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://techrechard.com/how-to-watch-video-from-smartphone-on-tv/amp/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570765.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808031623-20220808061623-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.927887 | 536 | 1.976563 | 2 |
What Exactly Does A Barrel Pump Do?
When you are dispersing liquids from any container, a barrel pump could be very helpful, especially when working with drums in barrels that have a large quantity of liquid. Drum pumps are another name for these particular pumps. There are different tube lengths that you need to consider, along with the different models that have been made, plus accessories that can satisfy industry requirements. It should have a series of handles, plungers, and also levers that will help in the distribution of the fluid. If you are looking for a stainless barrel pump then see here.
How Do They Operate?
These are designed to work at processing plants, or even manufacturing plants, that are using barrels that are 200 L in size to store different types of materials like chemicals. If they are far too heavy to tip over in order to pour out the liquid, a barrel pump can extract all of that in a very safe manner.
Each one of them is motorized and will come with what is called a barrel pump section and will also have an immersion tube. It is at the top of the unit that the motor is located, positioned always outside of the container from which it will extract the liquid. When the immersion tube is placed in, depending upon how long it is, it should fit and should be sealed before the extraction process begins. There are so many different lengths of immersion tubes available, that you can choose the exact one that you need for the material that you are working with that needs to be pumped out. In the pump section specifically, you will find the immersion tube at the lower end. It is the pump at the top that is going to drive the liquid from the inside of the container to the outside, through a protected shaft with a sealed column. As the liquid flows, it will do so through the sleeve, and up through the tube, using the motor once activated.
The use of barrel pumps is typically for medium to low viscosity fluids that are going to go through centrifugal pumps that will have multiple impellers. It is due to the rotation of the impellers that the liquid will be extracted up and out through the immersion tube.
Viscosity fluids, as well as medium fluids, can easily be taken out through a displacement pump. If it is a medium viscosity fluid, PTFE screw-type systems can be used instead. The transference of black ink, food products, and solvents can be done through the systems. If it is a high viscosity fluid upwards of 100,000cP, you absolutely need to use one with a progressive cavity design. There are many applications for these particular units including the extraction of corn syrup, hair gel, juice concentrate, polymers, lotion, silicone, glycerin, adhesives, waxes, solvents, oils, and different types of resin. There may also be FDA-compliant material options that you can see.
Main Features On Barrel Pumps
There are so many different components that are all working together when this fluid is extracted from the inside of the drum. The wetted parts, those which are designed to be resistant to any type of corrosion, can also be designed to extract flammable fluids at the safest operating temperatures. There are pump tubes that are specifically designed for this type of work which are made from stainless steel, polypropylene, and even pure polypropylene materials.
The many choices for wetted materials that are available will allow for chemical corrosion resistance regardless of what you are working with at the time.
Most of the manufacturers are going to use a wide variety of interchangeable motors, and tubes of various lengths, depending upon the operating environment. In most cases, these can be set up and disconnected quickly. If you do not have an electrical supply available, you can use air-powered motors instead. They can also be disassembled and reassembled very easily.
The length of the tube is often determined by looking at the container size. If you have a 45-gallon barrel, which comes out to a standard 200 L barrel, a 100 cm tube will be necessary. If you have something smaller, such as a 15-gallon container, you will need to use a smaller length of the tube. | <urn:uuid:6d01691d-71db-4b6f-9d38-a487c9a2a535> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.coxdiecasting.com/the-most-useful-information-on-barrel-pumps/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.956619 | 869 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Security: Schools Frustrated by Budget, Staff Constraints
While schools have spent the last year beefing up their physical security infrastructure, the quality of their data security has apparently dropped. According to the 2008 School Safety Index, conducted by Quality Education Data and released this week by CDW Government (CDW-G), district IT professionals rated their own "cyber security" 25 percent lower this year than they did in last year's survey results, while their physical safety score rose 39 percent over 2007.
The 2008 results reverse last year's findings, in which the push for improved data security overwhelmed physical security efforts. This year, however, the proliferation of IP-based video surveillance and mass notification systems helped propel physical security drastically upward.
The study is unique as a benchmark for school safety covering data security, physical security, and emergency preparedness and provides a means for schools to compare themselves with a national average. This year's study polled more than 400 district IT and security directors and allowed them to rate their security on a scale of one to 100 using positive and negative indicators, each of which was assigned a certain value from which the final index totals were generated. The 2008 study polled 403 administrators, IT personnel, and security staff from schools around the country in urban, suburban, and rural districts. The study, conducted in April 2008, has a margin of error of ±5 percent at a confidence level of 95 percent.
The report also indicated that schools and districts efforts toward expanding security are being frustrated by budgetary constraints.
"School districts both large and small are embracing advanced technology tools and techniques to make school a safer place for our children," said Bob Kirby, senior director for K-12 at CDW-G, in a statement released to coincide with the survey results. "Cyber- and physical-security tools--from network access control to security cameras--are allowing administrators to see into and lock down their networks and school buildings, but schools continue to be frustrated by budget and staff constraints, particularly in their IT security programs."
In terms of physical security, 70 percent of districts are now reporting the use of video surveillance technologies, up seven points from last year. Of these, 33 percent reported that local police have the ability to monitor their schools' cameras in real time. Only 29 percent have reported that security cameras have made a positive impact on security.
The School Safety Index this year also measured the use of emergency/mass notification systems, finding that 45 percent of districts are using them. Of these:
- 70 percent use automated phone messages;
- 28 percent use sirens or loudspeakers;
- 61 percent use e-mail; and
- 32 percent use text messaging.
Ninety-one percent send mass notifications to faculty and staff; 84 percent to administrators; 82 percent to parents; 39 percent to students; and only 2 percent to police, medical personnel, and others.
The report also indicated that physical security breaches are on the rise. Thirty-one percent of districts experienced some sort of physical security breach in the last year, up 10 points from the previous year. Urban districts continue to see the greatest number of physical breaches, but rural districts are on the way up, according to the report.
"While urban districts continue to experience the most physical security breaches overall, rural districts had the biggest increase year over year, with 26 percent reporting at least one breach, up 12 [points] since 2007," the report stated.
So what are the barriers to increasing physical security in schools? According to those survey, the No. 1 barrier is the budget, or rather lack thereof. Sixty-nine percent reported budget resources as a concern, a figure identical to the 2007 School Security Index. Staffing and equipment dropped dramatically as concerns in the last year. In 2007, 52 percent reported the need for more tools as a barrier, and 43 percent cited staff resources as a barrier. In 2008, these numbers were down significantly--to 32 percent and 29 percent, respectively.
The state of data security in schools, on the other hand, seems to have declined over the last year, based on responses from participants. The 2008 average for data security was 38.6; in 2007, it was 51.3.
Network monitoring remained consistent between 2007 and 2008, with 85 percent reporting that they monitor access to student records, 74 percent staff and teacher records, 40 percent student e-mail, and 69 percent teacher and staff e-mail. None of the changes from 2007 to 2008 exceeded the ±5 percent margin of error of the report.
Fifty-seven percent of districts reported that they use network access control, more in rural districts (60 percent) than in urban districts (45 percent). Suburban districts came in at 54 percent.
Overall, data breaches also remained consistent between 2007 and 2008. Fourteen percent of districts reported some kind of data breach in the last 12 months compared with 9 percent in 2007. (Again, the margin of error for the survey was ±5 percent, so the difference was statistically insignificant.) Only in rural areas did the increase in breaches exceed the margin of error, at 13 percent, compared with 7 percent the previous year. By enrollment, mid-size schools (1,000 to 4,999 pupils) saw the largest increase in data breaches reported, with 18 percent reporting at least one breach, up from 8 percent in 2007. Larger schools (enrollment of 5,000 or more) increased to 16 percent from 7 percent the previous year.
Barriers to improving data security were statistically identical to the results from the 2007 study. Budget was the No. 1 barrier at 79 percent. Staff resource issues came in at No. 2, with 61 percent. And hardware/software barriers rounded out the top 3 at 47 percent.
"IT and physical security silos are becoming less apparent," the report concluded, "yet districts are not making the most of technology advancements. Given the pace of technology change and limited budgets, K-12 school districts need to take advantage of convergence to improve IT and physical security simultaneously by adopting tools like IP cameras, network access control and mass notification systems."
A complete copy of the report can be downloaded in PDF format from CDW-G's site here. Key findings and additional information about the survey can be found here.
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About the author: David Nagel is the executive editor for 1105 Media's online education technology publications, including THE Journal and Campus Technology. He can be reached at email@example.com
Proposals for articles and tips for news stories, as well as questions and comments about this publication, should be submitted to David Nagel, executive editor, at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:496f41bf-25cd-44c0-940a-257ec4de033e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://thejournal.com/articles/2008/05/20/security-schools-frustrated-by-budget-staff-constraints.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00025-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956644 | 1,382 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Association between parent-infant interactions in infancy and disruptive behaviour disorders at age seven: a nested, case–control ALSPAC study
Puckering, C, Allely, CS, Doolin, O, Purves, D, McConnachie, A, Johnson, PCD, Marwick, H, Heron, J, Golding, J, Gillberg, C and Wilson, P 2014, 'Association between parent-infant interactions in infancy and disruptive behaviour disorders at age seven: a nested, case–control ALSPAC study' , BMC Pediatrics, 14 (1) , p. 223.
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Background Effective early intervention to prevent oppositional/conduct disorders requires early identification of children at risk. Patterns of parent-child interaction may predict oppositional/conduct disorders but large community-based prospective studies are needed to evaluate this possibility. Methods We sought to examine whether the Mellow Parenting Observational System (MPOS) used to assess parent-infant interactions at one year was associated with psychopathology at age 7. The MPOS assesses positive and negative interactions between parent and child. It examines six dimensions: anticipation of child’s needs, responsiveness, autonomy, cooperation, containment of child distress, and control/conflict; these are summed to produce measures of total positive and negative interactions. We examined videos from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) sub-cohort who attended the ‘Children in Focus’ clinic at one year of age. Our sample comprised 180 videos of parent-infant interaction: 60 from infants who received a psychiatric diagnostic categorisation at seven years and 120 randomly selected controls who were group-matched on sex. Results A negative association between positive interactions and oppositional/conduct disorders was found. With the exception of pervasive developmental disorders (autism), an increase of one positive interaction per minute predicted a 15% (95% CI: 4% to 26%) reduction in the odds of the infant being case diagnosed. There was no statistically significant relationship between negative parenting interactions and oppositional/conduct disorders, although negative interactions were rarely observed in this setting. Conclusions The Mellow Parenting Observation System, specifically low scores for positive parenting interactions (such as Responsiveness which encompasses parental warmth towards the infant), predicted later psychiatric diagnostic categorisation of oppositional/conduct disorders.
|Themes:||Health and Wellbeing|
|Schools:||Schools > School of Health Sciences > Centre for Health Sciences Research|
|Journal or Publication Title:||BMC Pediatrics|
|Funders:||Medical Research Council, Waterloo Foundation, Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Yorkhill Children's Foundation|
|Depositing User:||CS Allely|
|Date Deposited:||13 Oct 2014 17:18|
|Last Modified:||05 Dec 2014 14:09|
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|Year : 2018 | Volume
| Issue : 2 | Page : 59-61
Knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents toward their children's oral health: A questionnaire survey in Bhairahawa (Nepal)
Nitin Khanduri1, Namrata Singhal2, Malay Mitra3, Sankalp Rohatgi1
1 Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, UCMS College of Dental Surgery, Bhairahawa, Nepal
2 Department of Oral Pathology, Institute of Dental Education and Advance Studies, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
3 Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Science and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
|Date of Web Publication||10-Oct-2018|
Dr. Nitin Khanduri
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, UCMS College of Dental Surgery, Bhairahawa
Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
Background and Aim: Parents' knowledge and attitude have a very important role in the maintenance of young children's oral health. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents toward their children's oral health. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 parents participated in the study. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire addressing various aspects of knowledge and attitude of parents toward oral health. Results: Majority (75%) of the parents had low knowledge regarding the importance of using fluoridated toothpaste. Only 33% of parents were aware that nighttime bottle feeding can cause dental caries. Conclusion: The level of awareness among parents is relatively low, and there is a need to create more awareness about the knowledge and importance of deciduous teeth, regular dental visits among the society, and implementation of oral health awareness programs for parents.
Keywords: Attitude, knowledge, oral health, practices
|How to cite this article:|
Khanduri N, Singhal N, Mitra M, Rohatgi S. Knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents toward their children's oral health: A questionnaire survey in Bhairahawa (Nepal). Int J Pedod Rehabil 2018;3:59-61
|How to cite this URL:|
Khanduri N, Singhal N, Mitra M, Rohatgi S. Knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents toward their children's oral health: A questionnaire survey in Bhairahawa (Nepal). Int J Pedod Rehabil [serial online] 2018 [cited 2022 Aug 10];3:59-61. Available from: https://www.ijpedor.org/text.asp?2018/3/2/59/243065
| Introduction|| |
Oral health in children plays a very important role as it lays down the foundation for healthy permanent teeth. Parents' knowledge and attitude have a great impact on maintenance of young children's oral health. It is evident that the more positive is the parents' attitudes toward dentistry, the better will be the dental health of their children. Infant oral health care is the foundation on which a lifetime of preventive education and dental care can be built up to help acquire optimal oral health into child and adulthood. These conditions indicate the need for a more in-depth understanding of the health beliefs and practices of caregivers with respect to their children's oral health care.
There is a lack of sufficient literature on oral health attitudes of parents toward their children in developing countries like Nepal. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents toward their children's oral health and also to compare the knowledge, attitude, and practices with regard to age, educational level, and socioeconomic status.
| Materials and Methods|| |
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, UCMS College of Dental Surgery, Bhairahawa, Nepal, from August 2017 to October 2017, among 200 participants selected by random sampling method. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Board, and informed consent was obtained from the study participants. The participants were administered with a structured questionnaire consisting of two parts. The first part consisted of general information such as the name, age, gender of the parent, parents' education, and occupation. The second part was the questionnaire, which consisted of 22 questions related to knowledge, attitude, and practices toward children's oral health, out of which nine questions were related to knowledge, six were related to attitude, and seven were related to practices. The responses to the attitude questions were rated as follows: (1) agree, (2) uncertain, and (3) disagree.
Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago IL, USA). The P value was considered as statistically significant when <0.05 (confidence interval of 95%). One-way ANOVA was done for the association between the results and educational level of the participants.
| Results|| |
A total of 200 parents participated in the study. Of 200 parents, 92 were mothers and 108 were fathers. Nearly 75% of the participants were from 30 to 39 age groups. The level of education of the parents ranged from primary education (40%), higher secondary (25%), and university level education (35%). Participants with higher education level had significantly better overall knowledge scores than less educated parents [Table 1]. Association between educational qualification and knowledge, attitude and practice scores is shown in [Table 2].
|Table 2: Mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores according to education level|
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The percentage of parents who answered correctly for individual knowledge questions is shown in [Figure 1]. Nobody was aware of a number of milk teeth in child's mouth. Nearly 41% of parents were aware that deleterious oral habits can cause irregular teeth. When asked about food cariogenicity, 90% of parents knew that sweet food causes tooth decay. Nearly 25% of parents had knowledge regarding the importance of using fluoridated toothpaste. Almost 70% of parents acknowledged the importance of brushing teeth in preventing tooth decay and gum diseases.
The percentage of participants who correctly answered individual attitude questions is shown in [Figure 2]. Only 33% of parents were aware that nighttime bottle feeding can cause dental caries. About 83% of parents agreed that diet has a role to play in the occurrence of caries. About 75% agreed that it is necessary to take the child for regular dental visits. Only 60% of parents agreed that healthy milk teeth are essential for children to chew the food properly.
About 95% of parents said that they take their child to visit the dentist only during problems. Only 16% of parents visited the dentist 6 months after birth. Only 20% of parents brushed their child's teeth twice a day.
| Discussion|| |
Oral health of children depends on the awareness of their parents as oral health knowledge of parents dictates the oral health-related habits of the children which are established during infancy and maintained in early childhood. Dental caries is a preventable disease. If preventive strategies are implemented at an early age, valuable time and money spent on dental treatment can be saved by parents. Hence, oral health education of parents is essential as the preschool age group (2–4 years of age) is dependent on them for their oral healthcare needs, and later on oral health promotion measures such as proper brushing and fluoridated toothpaste can be encouraged in cooperation with the parents. To achieve these goals, one needs to assess the existing levels of knowledge, attitude, and practices so that preventive strategies can be formulated.
The most effective form of administering fluoride is through the regular use of fluoride toothpastes. However, the present results suggest that parents seem to have low awareness of fluoride and its effects on children's oral health. Despite the fact that the absence of fluoride intake does not produce caries, fluoride does help inhibit the disease. This was similar to the study done by Moulana et al. and Suresh et al., The number of children brushing their teeth twice daily was low. Only 20% of parents reported that their children brushed twice a day. Adair et al. stated that children are more likely to be caries free if their teeth are brushed twice daily with fluoride toothpaste, with parental involvement and in an environment where sugar is controlled.
In this study, 90% of the parents were aware that sugary items such as chocolate can cause tooth decay. The results of this study were similar to the results of studies conducted by Moulana et al. and Wyne et al.,
The role of nighttime bottle/breastfeeding as a cause of tooth decay was not acknowledged by majority of parents. This is in accordance to the results of a previous study by Rwakatema and Ng'ang'a. To prevent deleterious effects of nocturnal breastfeeding, it is recommended that infants should not be put to bed with the baby bottle and that ad libitum breastfeeding at night should be avoided.
Untreated carious deciduous teeth leads to various complications such as pain, oral infection, problems with eating and sleeping, alterations in growth and development, and premature loss of teeth. In the present study, the majority of the parents said that milk teeth do not require good care. The reason for poor knowledge and importance of primary teeth among parents might be due to the fact that these are temporary teeth and they will shed.
The limitations of this study were that it was carried out in one institution only by random sampling method with a small sample size.
| Conclusion|| |
There is a low level of awareness in parents regarding knowledge and attitude toward the oral health of children. Parents can play a very important role in promoting good oral habits, and by imbibing good habits themselves can positively influence their children. There is a need to create more awareness about the knowledge and importance of deciduous teeth and regular dental visits among the society. Health-care professionals need to educate expectant and new mothers about oral health care for infants, especially the use of nursing bottle at night and regular dental visits.
Financial support and sponsorship
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
| References|| |
Kamolmatyakul S, Saiong S. Oral health knowledge, attitude and practices of parents attending Prince of Songkla University Dental Hospital. Int J Health Promot Educ 2007;45:111-3.
Alshehri AR, Nasim VS. Infant oral health care knowledge and awareness among parents in Abha city of Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Dent Res 2015;6:98-101.
Moulana SA, Yashoda R, Puranik MP, Hiremath SS, Gaikwad R. Knowledge, attitude and practices towards primary dentition among the mothers of 3 5 year old pre school children in Bangalore city. J Indian Assoc Public Health Dent 2012;19:83-92.
Nagarajappa R, Kakatkar G, Sharda AJ, Asawa K, Ramesh G, Sandesh N, et al.
Infant oral health: Knowledge, attitude and practices of parents in Udaipur, India. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2013;10:659-65.
Suresh BS, Ravishankar TL, Chaitra TR, Mohapatra AK, Gupta V. Mother's knowledge about pre-school child's oral health. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2010;28:282-7.
] [Full text]
Adair PM, Pine CM, Burnside G, Nicoll AD, Gillett A, Anwar S, et al.
Familial and cultural perceptions and beliefs of oral hygiene and dietary practices among ethnically and socio-economicall diverse groups. Community Dent Health 2004;21:102-11.
Wyne AH, Chohan AN, Alrowily FH, Shehri BM. Oral health knowledge, attitude and practices by parents of the children attending KSUCD clinics. Pak Oral Dent J 2004;24:145-8.
Rwakatema DS, Ng'ang'a PM. Oral health knowledge, attitudes and practices of parents/guardians of pre-school children in Moshi, Tanzania. East Afr Med J 2009;86:520-5.
Schroth RJ, Harrison RL, Moffatt ME. Oral health of indigenous children and the influence of early childhood caries on childhood health and well-being. Pediatr Clin North Am 2009;56:1481-99.
[Figure 1], [Figure 2]
[Table 1], [Table 2]
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|[Pubmed] | [DOI]| | <urn:uuid:7c0e74da-d866-4ba5-a31b-29849b0b431a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ijpedor.org/article.asp?issn=2468-8932;year=2018;volume=3;issue=2;spage=59;epage=61;aulast=Khanduri | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.939197 | 3,117 | 2.75 | 3 |
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1. Micro-ElectroMechanical System (MEMS)
What is MEMS ? — It is multidisciplinary research field which involve mechanical eng. structure fundamental, chemical eng. material understanding, electrical eng. for system development and nanofabrication CMOS processes and last but not least, life sciences such as physics and biology fundamental study.
Example :- Pressure Sensor, BioSensor, AirBag & Iphone Accelerometer, MicroPump for Drug Delivery System
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Fast Fourier Transform
How to implement the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm in Python from scratch.
If you have a background in electrical engineering, you will, in all probability, have heard of the Fourier Transform. In layman’s terms, the Fourier Transform is a mathematical operation that changes the domain (x-axis) of a signal from time to frequency. The latter is particularly useful for decomposing a signal consisting of multiple pure frequencies. For more details have a look at the following video.
The application of the Fourier Transform isn’t limited to digital signal processing. The Fourier Transform can, in fact, speed up the training process of convolutional neural networks. Recall how a convolutional layer overlays a kernel on a section of an image and performs bit-wise multiplication with all of the values at that location. The kernel is then shifted to another section of the image and the process is repeated until it has traversed the entire image.
The Fourier Transform can speed up convolutions by taking advantage of the following property.
The above equation states that the convolution of two signals is equivalent to the multiplication of their Fourier transforms. Therefore, by transforming the input into frequency space, a convolution becomes a single element-wise multiplication. In other words, the input to a convolutional layer and kernel can be converted into frequencies using the Fourier Transform, multiplied once and then converted back using the inverse Fourier Transform. There is an overhead associated with transforming the inputs into the Fourier domain and the inverse Fourier Transform to get responses back to the spatial domain. However, this is offset by the speed up obtained from performing a single multiplication instead of having to multiply the kernel with different sections of the image.
Discrete Fourier Transform
The Discrete Fourier Transform (DTF) can be written as follows.
To determine the DTF of a discrete signal
N is the size of its domain), we multiply each of its value by
e raised to some function of
n. We then sum the results obtained for a given
n. If we used a computer to calculate the Discrete Fourier Transform of a signal, it would need to perform N (multiplications) x N (additions) = O(N²) operations.
As the name implies, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is an algorithm that determines Discrete Fourier Transform of an input significantly faster than computing it directly. In computer science lingo, the FFT reduces the number of computations needed for a problem of size
On the surface, this might not seem like a big deal. However, when N is large enough it can make a world of difference. Have a look at the following table.
Say it took 1 nanosecond to perform one operation. It would take the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm approximately 30 seconds to compute the Discrete Fourier Transform for a problem of size
N = 10⁹. In contrast, the regular algorithm would need several decades.
Fast Fourier Transform Algorithm
Suppose, we separated the Fourier Transform into even and odd indexed sub-sequences.
After performing a bit of algebra, we end up with the summation of two terms. The advantage of this approach lies in the fact that the even and odd indexed sub-sequences can be computed concurrently.
N = 8 , to visualize the flow of data with time, we can make use of a butterfly diagram. We compute the Discrete Fourier Transform for the even and odd terms simultaneously. Then, we calculate
x[k] using the formula from above.
We can express the gains in terms of Big O Notation as follows. The first term comes from the fact that we compute the Discrete Fourier Transform twice. We multiply the latter by the time taken to compute the Discrete Fourier Transform on half the original input. In the final step, it takes
N steps to add up the Fourier Transform for a particular
k. We account for this by adding
N to the final product.
Notice how we were able to cut the time taken to compute the Fourier Transform by a factor of 2. We can further improve the algorithm by applying the divide-and-conquer approach, halving the computational cost each time. In other words, we can continue to split the problem size until we’re left with groups of two and then directly compute the Discrete Fourier Transforms for each of those pairs.
So long as
N is a power of 2, the maximum number of times you can split into two equal halves is given by
p = log(N).
Here’s what it would look like if we were to use the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm with a problem size of
N = 8. Notice how we have
p = log(8) = 3 stages.
Let’s take a look at how we could go about implementing the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm from scratch using Python. To begin, we import the
import numpy as np
Next, we define a function to calculate the Discrete Fourier Transform directly.
def dft(x): x = np.asarray(x, dtype=float) N = x.shape n = np.arange(N) k = n.reshape((N, 1)) M = np.exp(-2j * np.pi * k * n / N) return np.dot(M, x)
We can ensure our implementation is correct by comparing the results with those obtained from numpy’s
x = np.random.random(1024) np.allclose(dft(x), np.fft.fft(x))
As we can clearly see, the Discrete Fourier Transform function is orders of magnitude slower than the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm.
%timeit dft(x) %timeit np.fft.fft(x)
Like we saw before, the Fast Fourier Transform works by computing the Discrete Fourier Transform for small subsets of the overall problem and then combining the results. The latter can easily be done in code using recursion.
def fft(x): x = np.asarray(x, dtype=float) N = x.shape if N % 2 > 0: raise ValueError("must be a power of 2") elif N <= 2: return dft(x) else: X_even = fft(x[::2]) X_odd = fft(x[1::2]) terms = np.exp(-2j * np.pi * np.arange(N) / N) return np.concatenate([X_even + terms[:int(N/2)] * X_odd, X_even + terms[int(N/2):] * X_odd])
Again, we can validate whether our implementation is correct by comparing the results with those obtained from numpy.
x = np.random.random(1024) np.allclose(fft(x), np.fft.fft(x))
The FFT algorithm is significantly faster than the direct implementation. However, it still lags behind the numpy implementation by quite a bit. One reason for this is the fact that the numpy implementation uses matrix operations to calculate the Fourier Transforms simultaneously.
%timeit dft(x) %timeit fft(x) %timeit np.fft.fft(x)
We define another function to compute the Fourier Transform. Only this time around, we make use of vector operations instead of recursion.
def fft_v(x): x = np.asarray(x, dtype=float) N = x.shape if np.log2(N) % 1 > 0: raise ValueError("must be a power of 2") N_min = min(N, 2) n = np.arange(N_min) k = n[:, None] M = np.exp(-2j * np.pi * n * k / N_min) X = np.dot(M, x.reshape((N_min, -1)))
while X.shape < N: X_even = X[:, :int(X.shape / 2)] X_odd = X[:, int(X.shape / 2):] terms = np.exp(-1j * np.pi * np.arange(X.shape) / X.shape)[:, None] X = np.vstack([X_even + terms * X_odd, X_even - terms * X_odd])
Once again, we can ensure we obtained the correct results by comparing them with those from the numpy library.
x = np.random.random(1024) np.allclose(fft_v(x), np.fft.fft(x))
As we can see, the FFT implementation using vector operations is significantly faster than what we had obtained previously. We still haven’t come close to the speed at which the numpy library computes the Fourier Transform. This is because the FFTPACK algorithm behind numpy’s
fft is a Fortran implementation which has received years of tweaks and optimizations. If you are interested in finding out more, I recommend you have a look at the source code.
%timeit fft(x) %timeit fft_v(x) %timeit np.fft.fft(x) | <urn:uuid:263a3382-cde0-496b-9518-08f3e18e27f3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.coryjmaklin.com/2019-12-29_Fast-Fourier-Transform-937926e591cb/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.857839 | 2,067 | 4.15625 | 4 |
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In a conversation between Tom McCarthy and Lee Rourke, published in today’s Guardian, and brought to my attention by Steve Mitchelmore, two things caught my eye: firstly, a mention of Blanchot’s essay, ‘The Gaze of Orpheus’ and, secondly, McCarthy’s statement that ‘scratching the negative’ is what artists do at their very best. I think I capture some of the issues involved here in an essay I wrote earlier this year on the concept of ‘cliché’ in Proust and the ways in which it relates to Derrida’s reading of Husserl. I’ve already published a blog post on the suggestive etymology of the word ‘cliché’, but I’ve now decided that over the next few days I shall serialize the Proust-Derrida essay here on my blog. Every one or two days for the next week I shall publish one section – all except the last because it’s too weak and was rushed and ill thought-through. (That said, the entire essay isn’t exactly the sharpest thing I’ve ever written). My hope is that I can ‘develop’ (that pun will make sense on reading the essay) McCarthy’s wonderful concept of ‘scratching the negative’. Here is the first installment, minus the boring intro. Unfortunately, my English edition of A la recherche is elsewhere, so I’ve simply left the quotations in the original.
Reading the Dark Room
With a novel as gigantic as Proust’s, any point of entry for analysis is inevitably arbitrary; fortunately, certain fundamental motifs, metaphors and metonymic chains provide hidden passageways through which one can navigate the labyrinth. The easiest way into the various issues at stake in this essay is via an examination of two such motifs – those of reading and the dark room – which appear early on in the first volume:
…je m’étais étendu sur mon lit, un livre à la main, dans ma chambre qui me protégeait en tremblant sa fraîcheur transparente et fragile contre le soleil de l’après-midi derrière ses volets presque clos où un reflet de jour pourtant trouvé moyen de faire passer ses ailes jaunes, et restait immobile entre le bois et le vitrage, dans un coin, comme un papillon posé. Il faisait à peine assez clair pour lire, et la sensation de la splendeur de la lumière ne m’était donné que par les coups frappés dans la rue de la Cure par Camus…contre des caisses poussiéreuses, mais qui…semblaient faire voler au loin des astres écarlates ; et aussi par les mouches qui exécutaient devant moi, dans leur petit concert, comme la musique de chambre de l’été ; elle ne l’évoque pas à la façon d’un air de musique humaine, qui, entendu par hasard à la belle saison, vous la rappelle ensuite ; elle est unie à l’été par un lien plus nécessaire ; née des beaux jours, ne renaissant qu’avec eux, contenant un peu de leur essence, elle n’en réveille pas seulement l’image dans notre mémoire, elle en certifie le retour, la présence effective, ambiante, immédiatement accessible.
What a beautiful evocation of the summer sun! And yet, where is it? Is it present? Does it present itself? Partially: a single reflection or glimmer [reflet] of light pierces the shutter’s protective veil, but no sooner does this (mirrored) part of the whole – this (reflected) synecdoche of the sun – make its entrance than it metamorphoses, it metaphorphoses into a butterfly, a figurative static presence. And what else is a butterfly but a metamorphosed caterpillar? The sun presents itself via the proxy of its proxy – its reflected ray – which transforms into a butterfly which was once logically a caterpillar: let us keep in mind these chains of substitution, since they become increasingly important. It was barely bright enough to read, and the splendour of the sun was given only by the blows Camus beats upon the crates (outside) and by the flies (inside) whose quintessentially summery music certifies – note the jargon – the return of immediately accessible, effectively present summer days. Essentially, the narrator is in his room to read [un livre à la main], but the light is barely bright enough, thereby undermining the very essentiality of his purpose. The sun, already distanced via a complex chain of figurative substitutions, is now morcellated even further: via the synaesthetic blows of Camus and the anthropomorphic music of the flies. And yet, the link between this music and the summer is ‘necessary’; paradoxically, it is as if the summer – and by extension the sun – is more present via figurative substitution than by real presence.
This impression is confirmed in the following passage:
Cette obscure fraîcheur de ma chambre était au plein soleil de la rue, ce que l’ombre est au rayon, c’est-à-dire aussi lumineuse que lui, et offrait à mon imagination le spectacle total de l’été dont mes sens si j’avais été en promenade, n’auraient pu jouir que par morceaux ; et ainsi elle s’accordait bien à mon repos qui…supportait pareil au repos d’une main immobile au milieu d’une eau courante, le choc et l’animation d’un torrent d’activité. (RTP, p. 74)
The dark coolness of the bedroom is to the sun what the shadow is to the sunray. Which is to say? Which is to say ‘as bright as it’. A shadow is as bright as a sunray: nonsense! Except that here nonsense seems to make sense; to borrow Frege’s terminology, this sentence is sinnvoll but bedeutungslos, it makes sense but lacks true, logical reference. And this split between sense and reference, which fissures the classical analogy’s structure (‘a is to b as c is to d’), enables the imagination to perceive the total spectacle of summer which, had the narrator been walking outside, the senses – crucially – would have enjoyed only ‘in pieces’ [par morceaux]. The logos of analogos has to splinter to hold the figure together, and by doing so enables a total recuperation of an absent presence: the summer. What we have here is, firstly, an allegory of reading, and secondly, a textbook example of everything on which Derridean deconstruction feeds. The two aspects conjoin in what Derrida, in an early text, called the ‘theology of simultaneity’: the myth of a total reading or description of a text, promoted to the status of a regulatory ideal. He quotes Jean Rousset: ‘In any event, reading, which is developed in duration, will have to make the work simultaneously present in all its parts in order to be global.’ We must not be hasty, but already we can see that the full presence of the sun and the full presence of a total reading are not dissimilar in À la recherche. It is a search for lost time, but that lost time is not the past: it is the present, a present which fully presents itself – but only via metonymic chains of substitution, mirrors of the very morceaux which, paradoxically, fragment real presence. The search for lost time is also a search to lose time, in which the old hag of metonymy, bound to time and death, tarts herself up in the gladrags of eternal metaphor; like a Proustian face, from across a Parisian salon she looks a million dollars, but kiss her and the derelict surface of her cheeks screams mortality.
At this point we shall have to invoke Paul de Man. His great work, Allegories of Reading, constitutes a virtuoso attempt to uphold the Kantian distinction between cognitive and performative language, between rationality and aesthetics, across a whole range of readings in literature and philosophy. De Man enjoins us to bind ourselves to the mast of cool reason, warding off the siren-like calls of irrational voluptuousness which threaten to scupper our weak-willed ratio on the rocks of a figurative fascism. One can well imagine, then, his response to the ‘truly seductive force’ (his words) of the passage just quoted, in which the narrator, by distracting us with the sensuous and figurative chains of light and darkness, heat and coolness, has attempted to convince us that shadow is as bright as a sun’s ray: ‘One should ask how a blindness comes into being that allows for a statement in which truth and falsehood are completely subverted to be accepted as true without resistance. There seems to be no limit to what tropes can get away with.’ Would it be too much here to suggest a certain subterranean Orientalism at work in De Man’s thesis? Proust states explicitly in the final volume that his great work is to be the new The Thousand and One Nights (RTP, p. 2398), a child of darkness and silence; is De Man perhaps suggesting that Proust’s endless phrasal arabesques – the ‘Nile of language’ as Walter Benjamin tellingly called them – are the linguistic equivalent of those mythical Eastern belly-dancers, whose mysterious gyrations distract all reason, seductively veiling our (masculine) eyes with those tassels of far-flung silk? De Man explains the allure of these dangerous tropes thus: ‘[There is a] general pattern of substitution which all tropes have in common. It is the result of an exchange of properties made possible by a proximity or an analogy so close and intimate that it allows the one to substitute for the other without revealing the difference necessarily introduced by the substitution. The relational link…can then be called necessary.’ De Man’s theory of tropic seduction is one of spatial proximity. Properties are seen as entities capable of illicit miscegenation simply via logical closeness. Ironically, the problem with this theory is that it ignores the very dictum of Pascal which De Man chose as the epigraph for Allegories of Reading: ‘Quand on lit trop vite ou trop doucement on n’entend rien.’ Speed and friction are the variables which determine understanding, and speed is not only a matter of space, it is also a matter of time. The time of reading affects the time of understanding. By slowing the speed of reading, by constantly retracing the lines of one’s frayage through the textual jungle, and by reading against the grain of the text, one increases one’s understanding. Paul de Man is a great reader of Proust, not because he finds a spatial vantage point from which to unmask the false proximities of tropic substitutions, but because he reads slowly, because he takes his time. Do not all great readers combine the time and trajectory of the flâneur with the obsessive compulsiveness of the neurotic?
More fundamental, however, is the following implicit conclusion: reason, or logos, only functions at a certain speed, at a certain time. Read Proust quickly and you will remain ignorant of the subtle figurative substitutions, but read him slowly, mercilessly and the text begins to come apart at the seams – at the seems. Perhaps what we need for reason to function at its optimum efficiency is some sort of quiet space, some place to be alone with our thoughts, where we can take our time. It cannot be outside in the full, fracturing presence of the sun and of other people; we need a room of our own away from prying eyes and the desperate hands of time, somewhere presence can safely and fully present itself. We need a dark room. And there are many dark rooms in Proust, little nooks and crannies in which illicit things take place. Two of them – figurative dark rooms, linked metonymically to the others – are mentioned just after the above quoted passage. On being urged outside by his grandmother, the narrator heads out to the garden and sits
dans une petite guérite en sparterie et en toile au fond de laquelle j’étais assis et me croyais caché aux yeux des personnes qui pourraient venir faire visite à mes parents.
Et ma pensée n’était-elle pas aussi comme une autre crèche au fond de laquelle je sentais que je restais enfoncé, même pour regarder ce qui se passait au-dehors ? (RTP, p. 74)
There is a remarkable duplicitousness to Marcel’s duplicity, and it will become central to his aesthetic theory. Reading requires not only a literal dark room or voyeuristic hidey hole, it also requires that thought itself be conceived as one: like viscous Russian dolls, just when you think you have found the boundaries of one room, you instantly find another immanently supplementing the first. When he is a child, unable to bear the ‘torture’ his aunt carries out on his grandmother (a precursor to the two scenes of staged homosexual sado-masochism) he flees to his ‘refuge’, the room at the top of the house: ‘la seule qu’il me fût permis de fermer à clef, à toutes celles de mes occupations qui réclaimaient une inviolable solitude: la lecture, la rêverie, les larmes et la volupté’ (RTP, p. 20). These activities are all played out on the border between self and other, interior and exterior: reading is internal mimicking of external words; reverie hovers between conscious, intentional application of thought and passive dreaming; crying exits liquids from the body; and masturbation – Rousseau’s ‘dangerous supplement’ – is the greatest embodiment of internally fractured self-presence. The very room itself is inside and outside simultaneously, with its scent of orris root and the flowery blackcurrant branch which has sprouted through the outer wall. In other words, the ‘inviolable solitude’ which is so central to everything Proust wrote, is always already violated. The moment of pure presence and the act of sheer isolation are impossible; or, rather, their condition of possibility is coextensive with their condition of impossibility.
Jacques Derrida’s room of his published books
Enter Derrida. He argues that Edmund Husserl’s entire phenomenology stands or falls precisely on the possibility of this pure presence. In his Logical Investigations (1900), Husserl posits two fundamental types of linguistic signs: ‘indicative’ and ‘expressive’. The latter are imbued with ‘the communicative purpose or intentional force which animates language,’ whilst the former are mere ‘“lifeless” tokens in a system of arbitrary sense.’ The division is not one simply between writing and speech, but between those signs – like speech and voluntary gestures – which are willed exteriorizations whose ‘willedness’ remains immanent through and through, and those – like writing, involuntary gestures and facial expressions, and natural traces – which signify, but do so visibly and spatially without this vital phonetic, animating impulse. The importance of this distinction cannot be overstated, since the aim of Husserl’s entire project is to reground the certitudes of reason via a neo-Cartesian transcendental reduction designed to separate the pure, logical structures of consciousness and perception from mere psychological subjectivism. In other words, the transcendental reduction is the process whereby the higher ego withdraws from the ‘natural attitude’ oriented towards the world of existing things and observes itself observing. Phenomenology does not aim to provide abstract, indicative truths, but only those worthy of the vital animation of the expressive voice: indeed, for Husserl, pure logicality is expression. It is ‘present to the self in the life of a present that has not yet gone forth from itself into the world, space or nature’. For logic to be logical, the self must be present to itself in a self-present present: ‘If the punctuality of the instant [of the “now”] is a myth, a spatial or mechanical metaphor, an inherited metaphysical concept, or all that at once, and if the present of self-presence is not simple, if it is constituted in a primordial and irreducible synthesis, then the whole of Husserl’s argumentation is threatened in its very principle.’ We can now begin to make out that the pure self-presence which constitutes the clandestine metaphysical presuppositions of Husserl’s phenomenology is precisely that lost time of which Proust found himself retrospectively to have been in search. What the one found before finding, the other found without finding: as we shall see, that which they both found was already, and would remain, lost.
How so? Both Proust and Husserl, in their different ways, require a pure auto-affection. For the latter this is inherent to the voice as such: ‘This self-presence of the animating act in the transparent spirituality of what it animates, this inwardness of life with itself, which has always made us say that speech [parole] is alive, supposes, then, that the speaking subject hears himself [s’entendre] in the present.’ It is a pure presence in time which believes itself to have effaced all exterior spatiality – even that of the inward surface of one’s own body. Thus it is that for Husserl the voice evades his stricture that any language which communicates something is necessarily indicative; the interior voice, if his logic is to hold up, cannot be said to communicate anything, since the interiority is one of pure presence and immediacy. When one speaks to oneself (silently) one is not communicating anything. Expression is pure event, unassignable to any repetitive economy of reference. But this grievously misunderstands two things. Firstly, a sign is never an event, a pure singularity. It is of the essence of a sign that it be repeatable; a sign is only a sign if it retains a certain ideal identity across all its phonic and graphic iterations, and this sameness is, according to Derrida, produced by its possibility for repetition. The ‘eventness’ of the singular event is constituted by its other, by the mechanical repetitiveness which institutes a trace of any kind. Secondly, the present is never self-present; or, which is the same thing, self-presence is never truly present. The “now” is never absolute novelty: ‘The living present springs forth out of its non-identity with itself and from the possibility of a retentional trace. It is always already a trace. This trace cannot be thought out on the basis of a simple present whose life would be within itself; the self of the living present is primordially a trace…This protowriting [archi-écriture] is at work in the origin of sense.’ Temporalization is ‘spacing’, it is ‘time’s pure leaving itself; it is the “outside-itself” as the self-relation of time.’ Hence the Derridean notion of différance, which expresses the self-differing, self-deferring presence of sense. Husserl’s transcendental ego, which is present to itself in pure intuition, is always-already breached by the ‘merely subjective,’ visible and spatial world it attempts to dispel, just as Proust’s interior dark room is not only hidden from prying eyes but constituted by them. The ‘inviolable solitude’ so central for both of these men is a possibility produced by primordial violation.
It seems we are a long way from the serpentine, heart-rending sentences of À la recherche, but in fact we are not. What is that great novel if not a painfully beautiful dramatization of the search to come to terms with the life-giving, death-dealing forces of différance? For, indeed, death overshadows the whole of this oeuvre. We must not get ahead of ourselves, but it is worth quoting this passage from the end of the novel: ‘Cette idée de la mort s’installa définitivement en moi comme fait un amour. Non que j’aimasse la mort, je la détestais…[L’]idée de la mort me tenait une compagnie aussi incessante que l’idée du moi’ (RTP, p. 2397). Before making some final comments on Derrida’s interpretations of Husserl, let us keep in mind this chain of associations in Proust between reading, solitude, masturbation, the self and – finally – death. They will become clearer further on, but they are not alien to Derrida’s own work. Husserl’s phenomenology is a philosophy of life – expression and auto-affection are supposedly reserves of pure vitality. But what we began to show above is that when these presuppositions are put into question, one must reconsider the very concept of life itself. Indication, that type of assignation which consists of mere lifeless tokens, is the process of death at work in language: ‘The appearing of the I to itself in the I am is thus originally a relation with its own possible disappearance. Therefore I am originally means I am mortal.’ The meaning of ‘I am’ does not require the author who wrote it or said it to be alive, thus mortality is immanent to every phonic, graphic or gestural utterance – indeed, without it, one would be speechless. Another way of saying the same thing is to state that the origin (of speech, presence, subjectivity) is always already supplemented: ‘The strange structure of the supplement appears here: by delayed reaction, a possibility produces that to which it is said to be added on.’ Let us rephrase this to emphasise the oddity of what Derrida is suggesting here: presence is the name for that which différance retroactively produces. There never was a Garden of Eden; paradise is the retrospective projection produced by a self-différant present, like a mirage in the desert of time. No wonder the idea of death accompanied Marcel just as incessantly as the idea of his self: without the one, the other would have been impossible. Being-for-itself (subjectivity) is being-towards-death.
Proust and Derrida Part II – Cliché
Proust and Derrida Part III – Proust’s Aesthetic Theory
Aside from reading the novel itself, this idea of labyrinthine chains first struck me forcefully on reading Julia Kristeva’s Le Temps Sensible(Paris: Gallimard, 1994).
Marcel Proust, À la recherché du temps perdu (Paris: Gallimard, 1999), p. 74. All further references are to this edition and will be given parenthetically in the main body of the essay. The title will be abbreviated to RTP.
Jacques Derrida, Writing and Difference (London: Routledge, 2001), pp. 28-29.
Cited in ibid., p. 28.
Cf. the scene in which Marcel kisses Albertine’s cheek in Le Côté de Guermantes, RTP, pp. 1028-1029.
Obviously, the phrasing is mine, but since it is widely believed that his later works on aesthetic ideology were a silent repentance for his youthful right-wing extravagances, I think it not inappropriate. For more on this aspect of de Man, see the ‘Postscript to the Third (2002) Edition’ of Christopher Norris, Deconstruction: Theory and Practice (London: Routledge, 2002).
Paul de Man, Allegories of Reading (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979), p. 62.
Ibid. Italics are mine.
Norris, Deconstruction, p. 44.
For detailed analyses of the differences between indication and expression see Jacques Derrida, Speech and Phenomena, trans. David B. Allison (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1973), pp. 32-47.
Ibid., p. 40.
Ibid., p. 61.
Ibid., p. 78.
Ibid., p. 85. My addition in square brackets.
Ibid., p.86.
Ibid., p. 54.
Ibid., p. 89. | <urn:uuid:fdaee04a-5884-4764-8e2f-e5ed36e14d73> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://thinkingblueguitars.wordpress.com/category/philosophy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00515-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.883541 | 5,556 | 1.671875 | 2 |
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The International Symposium, "Implementing Sexuality Education", took place in New York on 27 April 2011. The Symposium was hosted by UNESCO and convened by the UNAIDS Inter-Agency Task Team (IATT) on Education. | <urn:uuid:f35e6bf2-2995-435e-ad36-e1e3c90241ed> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://healtheducationresources.unesco.org/es/resources-library/languages/english-2512/resource_types/2575/resource_types/conference-reports-2572/themes/sexuality-education-2600/themes/substance-use-prevention-education-18661?keys= | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.919587 | 458 | 2.359375 | 2 |
The Ancient Egyptian Hemu (priestcraft) had varied levels of practice from part time to full-time temple work. Some priests and priestesses also worked with the general population and others exclusively in the temple as what would be called Monks today. The high mysteries are a practice within the inner recesses of the temple and as such are conducted there and not in the practice of extreme asceticism. The practice of itinerant wandering ascetics occurred in the late period of Ancient Egyptian history. when the society started to disintegrate due to the damage done from external warrior cultures. So it was a practice that developed out of circumstances and not out of a age old proven temple discipline. Later the Christians in Egypt started their first monastic order but based primarily only on prayer and contemplation and not high mysticism. However, it is likely that this practice of asceticism in India is derived from Ancient Egypt. But it was not prevalent in ancient times and so we do not advocate it as it is liable to misunderstanding and excesses that are counterproductive. | <urn:uuid:8af8fe37-f519-4003-8290-cd3e8940e759> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.asarucollege.org/forums/reply/3518/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.976119 | 218 | 2.90625 | 3 |
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